{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1d/k1dg3t8pl5","kaltura_id":"1_dg3t8pl5","title":"Press Conference: How Good Mining Governance Can Integrate Responsible Mining to Protect Biodiversity and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities, UN Convention on Biodiversity - COP 17","clean_title":"Press Conference: How Good Mining Governance Can Integrate Responsible Mining to Protect Biodiversity and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities, UN Convention on Biodiversity - COP 17","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5","date":"2026-10-23T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-10-23T05:45:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"00:43:48","category":"Conferences","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5"},"metadata":{"summary":null,"description":null,"categories":[],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-3821a23b-fb5d-4122-8b10-e4159645139a","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":0.59,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=0:01","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"So in interest of time, we will start with our press conference on how good mining governance can promote responsible mining whilst safeguarding biodiversity and the rights of indigenous people and local 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name is Francisca Astuardo, and I represent the international organization Global Witness.","start":16.27,"end":22.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":16.27,"end":16.59},{"text":"name","start":16.59,"end":16.91},{"text":"is","start":16.91,"end":17.07},{"text":"Francisca","start":17.07,"end":17.51},{"text":"Astuardo,","start":17.51,"end":18.11},{"text":"and","start":18.19,"end":18.35},{"text":"I","start":18.35,"end":18.43},{"text":"represent","start":18.43,"end":19.23},{"text":"the","start":19.55,"end":19.75},{"text":"international","start":20.47,"end":20.95},{"text":"organization","start":20.95,"end":21.51},{"text":"Global","start":21.51,"end":21.79},{"text":"Witness.","start":21.79,"end":22.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Global Witness","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Global Witness"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":22.71,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=0:23","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Can you please introduce yourself?","start":22.71,"end":25.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Can","start":22.71,"end":22.83},{"text":"you","start":23.15,"end":23.23},{"text":"please","start":23.95,"end":24.11},{"text":"introduce","start":24.71,"end":25.07},{"text":"yourself?","start":25.07,"end":25.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Interpreter","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":3,"start":28.03,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=0:29","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Morning, everybody.","start":28.03,"end":29.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Morning,","start":28.03,"end":28.39},{"text":"everybody.","start":28.39,"end":29.03}]},{"text":"My name is Ratu Diantina.","start":29.35,"end":31.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":29.35,"end":29.51},{"text":"name","start":29.51,"end":29.71},{"text":"is","start":29.71,"end":29.91},{"text":"Ratu","start":29.91,"end":30.39},{"text":"Diantina.","start":30.39,"end":31.03}]},{"text":"I am a communications manager for Satya Bumi, that environmental organization, and focus on environmental and human rights issue from 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Bumi","group":null,"function":"Communications Manager","affiliation_full":"Satya Bumi"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":45.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=0:46","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Hello, my name is Roni Selma Brasa.","start":45.55,"end":49.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hello,","start":45.55,"end":46.31},{"text":"my","start":46.35,"end":46.43},{"text":"name","start":47.43,"end":47.67},{"text":"is","start":47.67,"end":47.91},{"text":"Roni","start":48.07,"end":48.43},{"text":"Selma","start":48.47,"end":48.87},{"text":"Brasa.","start":48.87,"end":49.27}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Representative of Rajampat Indigenous People's Community.","start":50.07,"end":57.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Representative","start":50.07,"end":51.67},{"text":"of","start":53.03,"end":53.23},{"text":"Rajampat","start":53.27,"end":54.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":54.39,"end":55.79},{"text":"People's","start":55.79,"end":56.59},{"text":"Community.","start":56.59,"end":57.11}]},{"text":"Thanks because today I'm coming here to share of the experience from the youth 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everyone.","start":77.47,"end":78.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":77.47,"end":77.63},{"text":"morning,","start":77.63,"end":78.03},{"text":"everyone.","start":78.03,"end":78.83}]},{"text":"My name is Jasmine Puteri.","start":79.15,"end":80.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":79.15,"end":79.31},{"text":"name","start":79.31,"end":79.59},{"text":"is","start":79.59,"end":79.79},{"text":"Jasmine","start":79.79,"end":80.27},{"text":"Puteri.","start":80.27,"end":80.83}]},{"text":"from Rainforest Foundation Norway, a senior advisor for supply chain on critical 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to begin with, we already know that the demand of raw materials and as critical materials or transitional minerals is accelerating due to the energy transition, the AI, digitalization, the military sector.","start":116.67,"end":131.79,"topics":[{"key":"transition-mineral-demand","label":"Transition Mineral Demand","description":"Rising demand for critical minerals for the energy transition and other industries is increasing environmental and social pressures. 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Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":163.35,"end":163.79},{"text":"these","start":163.79,"end":164.15},{"text":"impacts","start":164.39,"end":165.03},{"text":"might","start":165.03,"end":165.31},{"text":"include","start":165.31,"end":165.83},{"text":"expanding","start":165.83,"end":166.39},{"text":"mining","start":166.39,"end":166.79},{"text":"sites","start":166.79,"end":167.15},{"text":"into","start":167.15,"end":167.43},{"text":"critical","start":167.43,"end":167.91},{"text":"ecosystems,","start":167.99,"end":168.71},{"text":"including","start":168.71,"end":169.35},{"text":"forests,","start":169.59,"end":170.15},{"text":"peatlands,","start":170.15,"end":170.87},{"text":"wetlands,","start":171.03,"end":171.67},{"text":"and","start":171.67,"end":171.91},{"text":"permafrost.","start":171.91,"end":172.63}]},{"text":"These ecosystems are not the only ones at risk.","start":173.43,"end":175.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":173.43,"end":173.75},{"text":"ecosystems","start":173.75,"end":174.39},{"text":"are","start":174.39,"end":174.55},{"text":"not","start":174.55,"end":174.87},{"text":"the","start":174.87,"end":174.99},{"text":"only","start":174.99,"end":175.27},{"text":"ones","start":175.27,"end":175.51},{"text":"at","start":175.55,"end":175.67},{"text":"risk.","start":175.67,"end":175.95}]},{"text":"Communities, defenders, the territories where mining projects take place are too.","start":175.95,"end":181.43,"topics":[{"key":"community-empowerment-protection","label":"Community Empowerment and Protection","description":"Civil society support, legal information and capacity building were discussed as ways to strengthen communities' ability to negotiate and advocate for their rights. Speakers also highlighted violence, intimidation and criminalization affecting Indigenous people and environmental defenders."}],"words":[{"text":"Communities,","start":175.95,"end":176.71},{"text":"defenders,","start":176.71,"end":177.43},{"text":"the","start":177.59,"end":177.75},{"text":"territories","start":177.75,"end":178.59},{"text":"where","start":178.59,"end":178.87},{"text":"mining","start":178.87,"end":179.19},{"text":"projects","start":179.19,"end":179.87},{"text":"take","start":180.15,"end":180.39},{"text":"place","start":180.39,"end":180.87},{"text":"are","start":180.87,"end":181.11},{"text":"too.","start":181.11,"end":181.43}]},{"text":"The intensive and extensive use of land for mining purposes flags a risk to frontline communities, particularly indigenous people.","start":182.07,"end":190.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":182.07,"end":182.27},{"text":"intensive","start":182.27,"end":183.11},{"text":"and","start":183.19,"end":183.39},{"text":"extensive","start":183.39,"end":184.15},{"text":"use","start":184.15,"end":184.39},{"text":"of","start":184.39,"end":184.47},{"text":"land","start":184.47,"end":184.87},{"text":"for","start":184.87,"end":185.11},{"text":"mining","start":185.11,"end":185.43},{"text":"purposes","start":185.43,"end":186.23},{"text":"flags","start":186.63,"end":187.03},{"text":"a","start":187.03,"end":187.11},{"text":"risk","start":187.11,"end":187.59},{"text":"to","start":187.83,"end":187.95},{"text":"frontline","start":187.95,"end":188.31},{"text":"communities,","start":188.31,"end":189.03},{"text":"particularly","start":189.03,"end":189.71},{"text":"indigenous","start":189.71,"end":190.19},{"text":"people.","start":190.19,"end":190.59}]},{"text":"The lack of a right-based approach therefore leaves these people worse off, without access to the potential benefits of mining exploitation, while bearing most of the cost of it.","start":191.11,"end":203.51,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing","description":"Speakers questioned whether mining revenues and national economic gains translate into lasting benefits for affected communities. They emphasized fair benefit sharing, community participation and safeguards against unequal bargaining power and short-lived benefits."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":191.11,"end":191.27},{"text":"lack","start":191.27,"end":191.59},{"text":"of","start":191.63,"end":191.75},{"text":"a","start":192.55,"end":192.59},{"text":"right-based","start":192.59,"end":193.31},{"text":"approach","start":193.31,"end":193.75},{"text":"therefore","start":193.75,"end":194.31},{"text":"leaves","start":194.31,"end":194.71},{"text":"these","start":195.03,"end":195.27},{"text":"people","start":195.27,"end":195.59},{"text":"worse","start":195.99,"end":196.47},{"text":"off,","start":196.51,"end":196.79},{"text":"without","start":196.95,"end":197.43},{"text":"access","start":197.43,"end":197.83},{"text":"to","start":197.83,"end":197.99},{"text":"the","start":197.99,"end":198.07},{"text":"potential","start":198.07,"end":198.63},{"text":"benefits","start":198.63,"end":199.27},{"text":"of","start":200.07,"end":200.23},{"text":"mining","start":200.23,"end":200.55},{"text":"exploitation,","start":200.55,"end":201.39},{"text":"while","start":201.39,"end":201.59},{"text":"bearing","start":201.83,"end":202.31},{"text":"most","start":202.31,"end":202.75},{"text":"of","start":202.75,"end":202.83},{"text":"the","start":202.83,"end":202.95},{"text":"cost","start":202.95,"end":203.23},{"text":"of","start":203.23,"end":203.35},{"text":"it.","start":203.35,"end":203.51}]},{"text":"Just to name an example, the organization Global Witness has extensively documented attacks against environmental defenders worldwide.","start":204.39,"end":212.79,"topics":[{"key":"community-empowerment-protection","label":"Community Empowerment and Protection","description":"Civil society support, legal information and capacity building were discussed as ways to strengthen communities' ability to negotiate and advocate for their rights. Speakers also highlighted violence, intimidation and criminalization affecting Indigenous people and environmental defenders."}],"words":[{"text":"Just","start":204.39,"end":204.59},{"text":"to","start":204.59,"end":204.67},{"text":"name","start":204.67,"end":204.87},{"text":"an","start":204.87,"end":204.95},{"text":"example,","start":204.95,"end":205.75},{"text":"the","start":206.07,"end":206.19},{"text":"organization","start":206.19,"end":206.79},{"text":"Global","start":206.79,"end":207.11},{"text":"Witness","start":207.11,"end":207.75},{"text":"has","start":208.07,"end":208.31},{"text":"extensively","start":208.31,"end":209.11},{"text":"documented","start":209.11,"end":209.99},{"text":"attacks","start":210.27,"end":210.63},{"text":"against","start":210.63,"end":210.95},{"text":"environmental","start":210.95,"end":211.55},{"text":"defenders","start":211.55,"end":212.15},{"text":"worldwide.","start":212.15,"end":212.79}]},{"text":"Since 2012 until now, we have traced over 2,375 land and environmental defenders' killings or disappearances.","start":213.59,"end":224.39,"topics":[{"key":"community-empowerment-protection","label":"Community Empowerment and Protection","description":"Civil society support, legal information and capacity building were discussed as ways to strengthen communities' ability to negotiate and advocate for their rights. Speakers also highlighted violence, intimidation and criminalization affecting Indigenous people and environmental defenders."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":213.59,"end":214.07},{"text":"2012","start":214.23,"end":215.91},{"text":"until","start":215.91,"end":216.31},{"text":"now,","start":216.31,"end":216.55},{"text":"we","start":216.55,"end":216.71},{"text":"have","start":216.71,"end":216.95},{"text":"traced","start":216.95,"end":217.43},{"text":"over","start":217.51,"end":217.91},{"text":"2,375","start":218.07,"end":219.15},{"text":"land","start":219.15,"end":219.51},{"text":"and","start":219.79,"end":219.99},{"text":"environmental","start":219.99,"end":221.27},{"text":"defenders'","start":221.27,"end":221.91},{"text":"killings","start":222.39,"end":223.03},{"text":"or","start":223.03,"end":223.27},{"text":"disappearances.","start":223.27,"end":224.39}]},{"text":"This violence is frequently tied to land disputes, mining, logging, agribusiness, infrastructure development, amongst other drivers.","start":225.83,"end":235.75,"topics":[{"key":"community-empowerment-protection","label":"Community Empowerment and Protection","description":"Civil society support, legal information and capacity building were discussed as ways to strengthen communities' ability to negotiate and advocate for their rights. Speakers also highlighted violence, intimidation and criminalization affecting Indigenous people and environmental defenders."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":225.83,"end":226.15},{"text":"violence","start":226.67,"end":227.15},{"text":"is","start":227.15,"end":227.35},{"text":"frequently","start":227.35,"end":228.07},{"text":"tied","start":228.63,"end":229.03},{"text":"to","start":229.03,"end":229.19},{"text":"land","start":229.27,"end":229.55},{"text":"disputes,","start":229.55,"end":230.15},{"text":"mining,","start":230.23,"end":230.95},{"text":"logging,","start":231.19,"end":231.67},{"text":"agribusiness,","start":231.67,"end":232.55},{"text":"infrastructure","start":232.79,"end":233.51},{"text":"development,","start":233.51,"end":234.23},{"text":"amongst","start":234.23,"end":234.83},{"text":"other","start":234.83,"end":235.11},{"text":"drivers.","start":235.11,"end":235.75}]},{"text":"In this subset, Indigenous people account for 36% of the recorded cases historically.","start":236.87,"end":244.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":236.87,"end":237.11},{"text":"this","start":237.11,"end":237.39},{"text":"subset,","start":237.39,"end":238.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":238.23,"end":238.87},{"text":"people","start":238.87,"end":239.35},{"text":"account","start":239.83,"end":240.23},{"text":"for","start":240.23,"end":240.79},{"text":"36%","start":240.79,"end":240.83},{"text":"of","start":240.87,"end":240.95},{"text":"the","start":241.11,"end":241.23},{"text":"recorded","start":241.51,"end":243.59},{"text":"cases","start":243.59,"end":243.95},{"text":"historically.","start":243.95,"end":244.79}]},{"text":"Indigenous people, women and youth are amongst the most vulnerable populations due to their their relationship to their ancestral territory and the threats that racism, patriarchal structures pose that creates additional barriers to fully ensure that they substantively participate in defining the route to development.","start":246.07,"end":270.39,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."},{"key":"community-empowerment-protection","label":"Community Empowerment and Protection","description":"Civil society support, legal information and capacity building were discussed as ways to strengthen communities' ability to negotiate and advocate for their rights. Speakers also highlighted violence, intimidation and criminalization affecting Indigenous people and environmental defenders."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":246.07,"end":246.55},{"text":"people,","start":246.55,"end":247.11},{"text":"women","start":248.79,"end":249.43},{"text":"and","start":250.03,"end":250.15},{"text":"youth","start":250.15,"end":250.43},{"text":"are","start":250.47,"end":250.59},{"text":"amongst","start":250.59,"end":250.95},{"text":"the","start":250.95,"end":251.03},{"text":"most","start":251.03,"end":251.35},{"text":"vulnerable","start":251.35,"end":251.99},{"text":"populations","start":252.47,"end":253.19},{"text":"due","start":253.43,"end":253.59},{"text":"to","start":253.59,"end":253.75},{"text":"their","start":253.83,"end":254.15},{"text":"their","start":255.19,"end":255.55},{"text":"relationship","start":255.55,"end":256.39},{"text":"to","start":256.39,"end":256.55},{"text":"their","start":256.55,"end":256.87},{"text":"ancestral","start":256.87,"end":257.51},{"text":"territory","start":257.51,"end":258.83},{"text":"and","start":258.83,"end":258.99},{"text":"the","start":258.99,"end":259.07},{"text":"threats","start":259.07,"end":259.43},{"text":"that","start":259.43,"end":259.75},{"text":"racism,","start":259.75,"end":260.55},{"text":"patriarchal","start":260.79,"end":261.43},{"text":"structures","start":261.43,"end":262.31},{"text":"pose","start":262.79,"end":263.27},{"text":"that","start":263.51,"end":263.71},{"text":"creates","start":263.71,"end":264.07},{"text":"additional","start":264.27,"end":264.79},{"text":"barriers","start":264.79,"end":265.35},{"text":"to","start":265.75,"end":265.91},{"text":"fully","start":265.91,"end":266.27},{"text":"ensure","start":266.27,"end":266.63},{"text":"that","start":266.63,"end":266.79},{"text":"they","start":266.79,"end":266.95},{"text":"substantively","start":266.95,"end":267.91},{"text":"participate","start":267.91,"end":268.63},{"text":"in","start":268.63,"end":268.75},{"text":"defining","start":268.75,"end":269.31},{"text":"the","start":269.31,"end":269.43},{"text":"route","start":269.43,"end":269.71},{"text":"to","start":269.71,"end":269.79},{"text":"development.","start":269.79,"end":270.39}]},{"text":"Hence, today we urgently call governments, corporate actors and financial institutions to strengthen both policies and practice to ensure that a sustainable supply chain and prevent the energy transition from reproducing the harm of past extractivism.","start":271.11,"end":288.67,"topics":[{"key":"transition-mineral-demand","label":"Transition Mineral Demand","description":"Rising demand for critical minerals for the energy transition and other industries is increasing environmental and social pressures. Speakers called for responsible governance to prevent decarbonization from reproducing the harms of past extractive practices."},{"key":"mining-supply-chain-accountability","label":"Mining Supply Chain Accountability","description":"Governments, mining companies, downstream buyers and investors were urged to take responsibility for environmental and human rights impacts throughout mineral supply chains. Discussion covered mandatory due diligence, certification and audit accountability, grievance mechanisms and the limitations of voluntary standards."}],"words":[{"text":"Hence,","start":271.11,"end":271.59},{"text":"today","start":271.59,"end":271.91},{"text":"we","start":271.91,"end":272.23},{"text":"urgently","start":272.31,"end":272.71},{"text":"call","start":272.71,"end":273.27},{"text":"governments,","start":273.99,"end":274.71},{"text":"corporate","start":274.75,"end":275.19},{"text":"actors","start":275.19,"end":275.59},{"text":"and","start":275.59,"end":275.75},{"text":"financial","start":275.75,"end":276.31},{"text":"institutions","start":276.31,"end":277.03},{"text":"to","start":277.03,"end":277.35},{"text":"strengthen","start":277.35,"end":277.83},{"text":"both","start":278.47,"end":278.79},{"text":"policies","start":278.79,"end":279.23},{"text":"and","start":279.23,"end":279.35},{"text":"practice","start":279.35,"end":279.83},{"text":"to","start":280.15,"end":280.27},{"text":"ensure","start":280.27,"end":280.71},{"text":"that","start":280.71,"end":280.99},{"text":"a","start":280.99,"end":281.03},{"text":"sustainable","start":281.27,"end":281.99},{"text":"supply","start":281.99,"end":282.31},{"text":"chain","start":282.31,"end":282.79},{"text":"and","start":283.11,"end":283.27},{"text":"prevent","start":283.27,"end":283.79},{"text":"the","start":284.43,"end":284.47},{"text":"energy","start":284.47,"end":284.79},{"text":"transition","start":284.79,"end":285.31},{"text":"from","start":285.31,"end":285.55},{"text":"reproducing","start":285.55,"end":286.27},{"text":"the","start":286.27,"end":286.39},{"text":"harm","start":286.39,"end":286.75},{"text":"of","start":286.75,"end":287.07},{"text":"past","start":287.47,"end":287.75},{"text":"extractivism.","start":287.75,"end":288.67}]},{"text":"And I will hand it over to my colleague, Restu.","start":290.27,"end":292.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":290.27,"end":290.51},{"text":"I","start":290.51,"end":290.59},{"text":"will","start":290.59,"end":290.83},{"text":"hand","start":290.83,"end":291.11},{"text":"it","start":291.11,"end":291.23},{"text":"over","start":291.23,"end":291.47},{"text":"to","start":291.47,"end":291.55},{"text":"my","start":291.55,"end":291.71},{"text":"colleague,","start":291.71,"end":292.11},{"text":"Restu.","start":292.11,"end":292.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Global Witness","group":"Civil society organizations","function":null,"affiliation_full":"Global Witness"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":294.03,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=4:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Francisca.","start":294.03,"end":295.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":294.03,"end":294.27},{"text":"you,","start":294.27,"end":294.39},{"text":"Francisca.","start":294.39,"end":295.23}]},{"text":"So in the context of the energy transition, a roadmap, Indonesia has the world's largest nickel deposit of reserves, with an estimated 55 million to 62 million tons of content nickel metal, accounting for more than 40% to 44% of global nickel reserves.","start":295.23,"end":317.59,"topics":[{"key":"transition-mineral-demand","label":"Transition Mineral Demand","description":"Rising demand for critical minerals for the energy transition and other industries is increasing environmental and social pressures. Speakers called for responsible governance to prevent decarbonization from reproducing the harms of past extractive practices."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":295.23,"end":295.95},{"text":"in","start":296.83,"end":296.91},{"text":"the","start":296.91,"end":296.99},{"text":"context","start":296.99,"end":297.79},{"text":"of","start":297.91,"end":298.11},{"text":"the","start":298.11,"end":298.39},{"text":"energy","start":298.51,"end":298.95},{"text":"transition,","start":298.95,"end":299.79},{"text":"a","start":299.79,"end":299.87},{"text":"roadmap,","start":299.87,"end":300.35},{"text":"Indonesia","start":300.35,"end":300.83},{"text":"has","start":300.83,"end":301.15},{"text":"the","start":301.15,"end":301.31},{"text":"world's","start":301.71,"end":302.27},{"text":"largest","start":302.27,"end":302.87},{"text":"nickel","start":302.87,"end":303.31},{"text":"deposit","start":303.39,"end":303.95},{"text":"of","start":303.95,"end":304.03},{"text":"reserves,","start":304.03,"end":304.59},{"text":"with","start":304.83,"end":305.03},{"text":"an","start":305.03,"end":305.31},{"text":"estimated","start":305.31,"end":306.43},{"text":"55","start":306.51,"end":307.23},{"text":"million","start":307.23,"end":308.03},{"text":"to","start":308.03,"end":308.19},{"text":"62","start":308.19,"end":308.87},{"text":"million","start":308.87,"end":309.31},{"text":"tons","start":309.31,"end":309.79},{"text":"of","start":310.23,"end":310.35},{"text":"content","start":310.35,"end":310.75},{"text":"nickel","start":310.75,"end":310.99},{"text":"metal,","start":310.99,"end":311.63},{"text":"accounting","start":311.79,"end":312.43},{"text":"for","start":312.43,"end":312.59},{"text":"more","start":312.59,"end":313.55},{"text":"than","start":313.59,"end":313.87},{"text":"40%","start":313.87,"end":313.91},{"text":"to","start":314.87,"end":315.07},{"text":"44%","start":315.07,"end":315.11},{"text":"of","start":315.11,"end":315.19},{"text":"global","start":315.19,"end":316.31},{"text":"nickel","start":316.31,"end":316.71},{"text":"reserves.","start":316.95,"end":317.59}]},{"text":"Most of them are located in eastern Indonesia and small islands.","start":318.39,"end":322.39,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."}],"words":[{"text":"Most","start":318.39,"end":318.67},{"text":"of","start":318.67,"end":318.79},{"text":"them","start":318.79,"end":318.95},{"text":"are","start":318.95,"end":319.11},{"text":"located","start":319.11,"end":319.91},{"text":"in","start":320.07,"end":320.39},{"text":"eastern","start":320.39,"end":320.75},{"text":"Indonesia","start":320.75,"end":321.19},{"text":"and","start":321.19,"end":321.55},{"text":"small","start":321.55,"end":321.83},{"text":"islands.","start":321.83,"end":322.39}]},{"text":"And our government have regulations.","start":322.87,"end":326.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":322.87,"end":323.35},{"text":"our","start":323.59,"end":323.75},{"text":"government","start":323.75,"end":324.47},{"text":"have","start":324.55,"end":324.95},{"text":"regulations.","start":325.11,"end":326.15}]},{"text":"Law number one of 2014 concerning management of coastal areas and small islands stipulates that islands with an area of less than 2,000 kilometers square are categorized as small islands.","start":326.63,"end":341.83,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."}],"words":[{"text":"Law","start":326.63,"end":326.83},{"text":"number","start":326.87,"end":327.11},{"text":"one","start":327.11,"end":327.35},{"text":"of","start":327.35,"end":327.51},{"text":"2014","start":327.51,"end":328.71},{"text":"concerning","start":329.99,"end":330.55},{"text":"management","start":330.55,"end":330.99},{"text":"of","start":330.99,"end":331.11},{"text":"coastal","start":331.11,"end":331.55},{"text":"areas","start":331.55,"end":332.07},{"text":"and","start":332.07,"end":332.31},{"text":"small","start":332.31,"end":332.63},{"text":"islands","start":332.63,"end":332.99},{"text":"stipulates","start":332.99,"end":333.75},{"text":"that","start":333.87,"end":334.23},{"text":"islands","start":334.63,"end":335.27},{"text":"with","start":335.27,"end":335.51},{"text":"an","start":335.51,"end":335.67},{"text":"area","start":335.67,"end":335.99},{"text":"of","start":335.99,"end":336.23},{"text":"less","start":336.23,"end":336.63},{"text":"than","start":336.63,"end":337.11},{"text":"2,000","start":337.19,"end":337.91},{"text":"kilometers","start":337.91,"end":338.39},{"text":"square","start":338.39,"end":339.03},{"text":"are","start":339.51,"end":339.83},{"text":"categorized","start":339.83,"end":340.67},{"text":"as","start":340.67,"end":340.75},{"text":"small","start":340.75,"end":341.27},{"text":"islands.","start":341.27,"end":341.83}]},{"text":"are not allowed to be exploited for any activity of extractivism.","start":342.71,"end":350.23,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."}],"words":[{"text":"are","start":342.71,"end":342.95},{"text":"not","start":342.95,"end":343.35},{"text":"allowed","start":343.35,"end":343.91},{"text":"to","start":343.91,"end":344.07},{"text":"be","start":344.07,"end":344.23},{"text":"exploited","start":344.23,"end":344.87},{"text":"for","start":345.35,"end":345.91},{"text":"any","start":345.91,"end":346.23},{"text":"activity","start":346.87,"end":348.31},{"text":"of","start":348.75,"end":348.87},{"text":"extractivism.","start":348.87,"end":350.23}]},{"text":"So Indonesia, there's a small island, Kabana Island, a small island in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, home to the Bajo people, the world's last remaining nomadic sea tribe, who have maintained a close relationship with the sea for centuries.","start":351.51,"end":369.27,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":351.51,"end":352.15},{"text":"Indonesia,","start":352.23,"end":352.79},{"text":"there's","start":352.79,"end":353.19},{"text":"a","start":353.59,"end":353.67},{"text":"small","start":353.67,"end":353.99},{"text":"island,","start":353.99,"end":354.35},{"text":"Kabana","start":354.35,"end":354.91},{"text":"Island,","start":354.91,"end":355.55},{"text":"a","start":355.55,"end":355.67},{"text":"small","start":355.67,"end":355.99},{"text":"island","start":355.99,"end":356.39},{"text":"in","start":356.39,"end":356.47},{"text":"southeast","start":356.47,"end":356.87},{"text":"Sulawesi,","start":357.03,"end":357.83},{"text":"Indonesia,","start":357.83,"end":358.47},{"text":"home","start":359.43,"end":359.99},{"text":"to","start":360.15,"end":360.35},{"text":"the","start":360.35,"end":360.47},{"text":"Bajo","start":360.47,"end":360.87},{"text":"people,","start":360.87,"end":361.43},{"text":"the","start":361.43,"end":361.59},{"text":"world's","start":361.59,"end":362.19},{"text":"last","start":362.19,"end":362.35},{"text":"remaining","start":362.35,"end":362.87},{"text":"nomadic","start":362.87,"end":363.35},{"text":"sea","start":363.35,"end":363.51},{"text":"tribe,","start":363.51,"end":363.87},{"text":"who","start":364.15,"end":364.31},{"text":"have","start":364.31,"end":364.63},{"text":"maintained","start":364.63,"end":365.27},{"text":"a","start":365.27,"end":365.35},{"text":"close","start":365.35,"end":365.83},{"text":"relationship","start":365.83,"end":366.63},{"text":"with","start":366.95,"end":367.35},{"text":"the","start":367.35,"end":367.43},{"text":"sea","start":367.43,"end":367.99},{"text":"for","start":367.99,"end":368.39},{"text":"centuries.","start":368.39,"end":369.27}]},{"text":"Cabana has a total area of 891 km2 approximately.","start":370.15,"end":377.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cabana","start":370.15,"end":370.71},{"text":"has","start":370.71,"end":371.11},{"text":"a","start":371.11,"end":371.19},{"text":"total","start":371.19,"end":371.63},{"text":"area","start":371.63,"end":372.07},{"text":"of","start":372.07,"end":372.39},{"text":"891","start":373.19,"end":375.51},{"text":"km2","start":375.51,"end":376.27},{"text":"approximately.","start":376.27,"end":377.59}]},{"text":"73% has been allocated to mining concession and 40% of those concessions are already active.","start":377.75,"end":387.55,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."}],"words":[{"text":"73%","start":377.75,"end":377.79},{"text":"has","start":377.83,"end":378.15},{"text":"been","start":379.59,"end":380.15},{"text":"allocated","start":380.15,"end":381.31},{"text":"to","start":381.67,"end":381.99},{"text":"mining","start":381.99,"end":382.47},{"text":"concession","start":382.47,"end":383.27},{"text":"and","start":383.27,"end":383.55},{"text":"40%","start":383.55,"end":383.59},{"text":"of","start":383.59,"end":383.71},{"text":"those","start":384.63,"end":385.11},{"text":"concessions","start":385.51,"end":386.35},{"text":"are","start":386.35,"end":386.59},{"text":"already","start":386.59,"end":387.03},{"text":"active.","start":387.11,"end":387.55}]},{"text":"The clearing of forests and land for mining on Kabena Island has damaged the environment and polluted the sea, leading to a decline in water quality and severe pollution that threatens the health of the local community and indigenous people and endangered biodiversity.","start":388.95,"end":408.71,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."},{"key":"mining-biodiversity-impacts","label":"Mining Impacts on Biodiversity","description":"Mining threatens forests, coastal waters, coral reefs and endangered species through land clearing, pollution and sedimentation. Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":388.95,"end":389.11},{"text":"clearing","start":389.19,"end":389.67},{"text":"of","start":389.67,"end":389.75},{"text":"forests","start":389.75,"end":390.23},{"text":"and","start":390.23,"end":390.47},{"text":"land","start":390.47,"end":391.43},{"text":"for","start":391.43,"end":391.59},{"text":"mining","start":391.59,"end":392.07},{"text":"on","start":392.07,"end":392.23},{"text":"Kabena","start":392.23,"end":392.63},{"text":"Island","start":392.63,"end":392.99},{"text":"has","start":392.99,"end":393.27},{"text":"damaged","start":393.27,"end":393.95},{"text":"the","start":393.99,"end":394.47},{"text":"environment","start":394.63,"end":395.59},{"text":"and","start":395.83,"end":396.15},{"text":"polluted","start":396.15,"end":396.67},{"text":"the","start":396.67,"end":396.75},{"text":"sea,","start":396.75,"end":397.19},{"text":"leading","start":397.43,"end":397.83},{"text":"to","start":397.83,"end":398.03},{"text":"a","start":398.07,"end":398.15},{"text":"decline","start":398.15,"end":398.79},{"text":"in","start":398.79,"end":398.95},{"text":"water","start":398.95,"end":399.35},{"text":"quality","start":399.51,"end":400.23},{"text":"and","start":400.47,"end":400.79},{"text":"severe","start":400.79,"end":401.51},{"text":"pollution","start":401.67,"end":402.23},{"text":"that","start":402.23,"end":402.43},{"text":"threatens","start":402.43,"end":403.03},{"text":"the","start":403.03,"end":403.19},{"text":"health","start":403.19,"end":403.59},{"text":"of","start":403.59,"end":403.75},{"text":"the","start":403.75,"end":403.91},{"text":"local","start":403.91,"end":404.27},{"text":"community","start":404.27,"end":404.79},{"text":"and","start":404.79,"end":405.23},{"text":"indigenous","start":405.35,"end":405.91},{"text":"people","start":405.91,"end":406.47},{"text":"and","start":406.79,"end":406.95},{"text":"endangered","start":406.95,"end":407.75},{"text":"biodiversity.","start":407.75,"end":408.71}]},{"text":"As a result of water pollution from heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, which exceed safe thresholds, fish population have plummeted and coral reefs have been severely damaged.","start":409.11,"end":424.39,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. 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Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."}],"words":[{"text":"Cabana","start":425.43,"end":425.83},{"text":"Island","start":425.83,"end":426.15},{"text":"is","start":426.15,"end":426.31},{"text":"also","start":426.31,"end":426.55},{"text":"part","start":426.55,"end":426.87},{"text":"of","start":426.87,"end":427.03},{"text":"a","start":427.03,"end":427.11},{"text":"region","start":427.11,"end":427.75},{"text":"with","start":428.07,"end":428.47},{"text":"high","start":428.47,"end":428.79},{"text":"biodiversity","start":428.79,"end":429.59},{"text":"value.","start":429.59,"end":430.39}]},{"text":"This is reflected in the presence of three key biodiversity areas, which are a critical area for marine biodiversity and of significant importance for reptiles, and various plant species.","start":430.71,"end":444.07,"topics":[{"key":"mining-biodiversity-impacts","label":"Mining Impacts on Biodiversity","description":"Mining threatens forests, coastal waters, coral reefs and endangered species through land clearing, pollution and sedimentation. 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Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."},{"key":"mining-biodiversity-impacts","label":"Mining Impacts on Biodiversity","description":"Mining threatens forests, coastal waters, coral reefs and endangered species through land clearing, pollution and sedimentation. Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":444.07,"end":444.79},{"text":"in","start":444.79,"end":445.03},{"text":"these","start":445.03,"end":445.35},{"text":"three","start":446.71,"end":447.03},{"text":"KBS,","start":447.03,"end":447.83},{"text":"environmental","start":448.11,"end":448.79},{"text":"damage","start":448.79,"end":449.19},{"text":"happened","start":449.19,"end":449.75},{"text":"due","start":450.07,"end":450.23},{"text":"to","start":450.27,"end":450.35},{"text":"deforestation","start":450.39,"end":451.51},{"text":"and","start":451.67,"end":452.11},{"text":"sedimentation","start":452.15,"end":453.03},{"text":"from","start":453.03,"end":453.35},{"text":"nickel","start":453.35,"end":453.59},{"text":"mining.","start":453.59,"end":454.07}]},{"text":"The sedimentation caused by nickel mining poses a serious threat to the environment particularly marine life.","start":455.43,"end":461.87,"topics":[{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. 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Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":455.43,"end":455.55},{"text":"sedimentation","start":455.55,"end":456.23},{"text":"caused","start":456.23,"end":456.59},{"text":"by","start":456.59,"end":456.71},{"text":"nickel","start":456.71,"end":457.03},{"text":"mining","start":457.03,"end":457.31},{"text":"poses","start":457.31,"end":457.79},{"text":"a","start":457.79,"end":457.83},{"text":"serious","start":457.83,"end":458.43},{"text":"threat","start":458.43,"end":458.79},{"text":"to","start":459.03,"end":459.19},{"text":"the","start":459.19,"end":459.27},{"text":"environment","start":459.27,"end":460.15},{"text":"particularly","start":460.55,"end":461.23},{"text":"marine","start":461.23,"end":461.55},{"text":"life.","start":461.55,"end":461.87}]},{"text":"So some mining waste is even located with no-take zones, areas designated as off-limits for natural resource exploitation activities, such as fishing or the collection of marine organisms.","start":461.87,"end":475.15,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. 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you.","start":622.67,"end":623.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":622.67,"end":622.91},{"text":"you.","start":622.91,"end":623.15}]},{"text":"And the story from Rajampat that I mentioned before will be presented by our colleague, Ronan Isel, 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us.","start":921.11,"end":924.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"May","start":921.11,"end":921.35},{"text":"God","start":921.35,"end":921.67},{"text":"help","start":923.91,"end":924.19},{"text":"all","start":924.19,"end":924.31},{"text":"of","start":924.31,"end":924.39},{"text":"us.","start":924.39,"end":924.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Representative of Rajampat Indigenous People's Community","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":9,"start":929.47,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1d/k1dg3t8pl5?lang=en&t=15:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"After listening all the statements from Indigenous people community, but also cases happening on the ground, Rainforest Foundation Norway, looking at the negative impacts from mining, together with our allies, Mighty Earth, FERN, also Greenpeace International, we have a tool called Restricted Areas from 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The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":957.71,"end":957.95},{"text":"developed","start":957.95,"end":958.47},{"text":"this","start":958.47,"end":959.07},{"text":"platform","start":959.07,"end":959.87},{"text":"as","start":959.87,"end":960.19},{"text":"a","start":960.19,"end":960.27},{"text":"map,","start":960.27,"end":960.59},{"text":"but","start":960.67,"end":960.91},{"text":"also","start":960.91,"end":961.31},{"text":"a","start":961.31,"end":961.35},{"text":"tool","start":961.35,"end":961.79},{"text":"to","start":961.79,"end":961.95},{"text":"assess","start":961.95,"end":962.51},{"text":"which","start":962.59,"end":962.99},{"text":"areas","start":962.99,"end":963.55},{"text":"that","start":963.55,"end":963.79},{"text":"should","start":963.79,"end":964.03},{"text":"not","start":964.03,"end":964.27},{"text":"be","start":964.27,"end":964.59},{"text":"touched","start":964.99,"end":965.51},{"text":"from","start":965.71,"end":965.95},{"text":"mining.","start":965.95,"end":966.43}]},{"text":"This is because some places are too vulnerable, too valuable, and it's irreplaceable when it comes to the ecosystems.","start":967.15,"end":976.67,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. 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The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":977.31,"end":977.63},{"text":"this","start":977.63,"end":978.03},{"text":"would","start":978.19,"end":978.43},{"text":"make","start":978.43,"end":978.63},{"text":"sure","start":978.63,"end":978.99},{"text":"that","start":978.99,"end":979.19},{"text":"there","start":979.19,"end":979.43},{"text":"will","start":979.43,"end":979.63},{"text":"be","start":979.63,"end":979.75},{"text":"protection","start":979.75,"end":980.51},{"text":"from","start":980.51,"end":980.83},{"text":"ecological,","start":980.83,"end":981.87},{"text":"social,","start":981.87,"end":982.59},{"text":"but","start":982.59,"end":982.83},{"text":"also","start":982.83,"end":983.11},{"text":"values,","start":983.11,"end":983.79},{"text":"cultural","start":983.87,"end":984.43},{"text":"values","start":984.43,"end":984.99},{"text":"that","start":985.31,"end":985.63},{"text":"is","start":985.63,"end":985.87},{"text":"embedded","start":985.87,"end":986.51},{"text":"into","start":986.51,"end":986.91},{"text":"these","start":986.91,"end":987.15},{"text":"places.","start":987.15,"end":987.95}]},{"text":"And Indigenous people rights through the free, prior, and informed consent is the most important key element to this.","start":988.43,"end":994.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. 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The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1057.43,"end":1057.63},{"text":"third","start":1057.67,"end":1057.99},{"text":"layer","start":1057.99,"end":1058.39},{"text":"that","start":1058.39,"end":1058.63},{"text":"should","start":1058.63,"end":1058.83},{"text":"be","start":1058.83,"end":1058.95},{"text":"paid","start":1058.95,"end":1059.23},{"text":"attention","start":1059.23,"end":1059.91},{"text":"to","start":1059.91,"end":1060.31},{"text":"is","start":1060.47,"end":1060.71},{"text":"the","start":1060.71,"end":1060.87},{"text":"high","start":1060.87,"end":1061.11},{"text":"carbon","start":1061.11,"end":1061.59},{"text":"stock","start":1061.59,"end":1061.91},{"text":"areas","start":1061.91,"end":1062.71},{"text":"where","start":1062.79,"end":1063.11},{"text":"forests,","start":1063.11,"end":1063.83},{"text":"peatlands","start":1063.83,"end":1064.59},{"text":"and","start":1064.59,"end":1064.79},{"text":"carbon","start":1064.79,"end":1065.19},{"text":"sequester","start":1065.19,"end":1065.83},{"text":"areas","start":1065.83,"end":1066.55},{"text":"are","start":1066.79,"end":1067.27},{"text":"there.","start":1067.27,"end":1067.67}]},{"text":"Another layer that part of the six restricted areas is the significant natural ecosystem where small islands that have been presented by Restu is now under threat.","start":1068.27,"end":1080.63,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."},{"key":"small-island-mining","label":"Nickel Mining on Small Islands","description":"Cases from Kabaena, Raja Ampat and other Indonesian islands illustrated how nickel mining damages ecosystems and undermines Indigenous livelihoods. Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."}],"words":[{"text":"Another","start":1068.27,"end":1068.71},{"text":"layer","start":1068.71,"end":1069.11},{"text":"that","start":1069.11,"end":1069.51},{"text":"part","start":1069.51,"end":1069.83},{"text":"of","start":1069.83,"end":1069.99},{"text":"the","start":1069.99,"end":1070.11},{"text":"six","start":1070.11,"end":1070.63},{"text":"restricted","start":1070.79,"end":1071.51},{"text":"areas","start":1071.51,"end":1071.99},{"text":"is","start":1071.99,"end":1072.23},{"text":"the","start":1072.23,"end":1072.39},{"text":"significant","start":1072.39,"end":1073.39},{"text":"natural","start":1073.67,"end":1074.31},{"text":"ecosystem","start":1074.35,"end":1075.03},{"text":"where","start":1075.03,"end":1075.35},{"text":"small","start":1075.35,"end":1075.75},{"text":"islands","start":1075.75,"end":1076.19},{"text":"that","start":1076.19,"end":1076.39},{"text":"have","start":1076.39,"end":1076.71},{"text":"been","start":1076.71,"end":1077.11},{"text":"presented","start":1077.27,"end":1077.99},{"text":"by","start":1077.99,"end":1078.15},{"text":"Restu","start":1078.23,"end":1078.71},{"text":"is","start":1078.71,"end":1079.03},{"text":"now","start":1079.03,"end":1079.35},{"text":"under","start":1079.35,"end":1079.99},{"text":"threat.","start":1080.31,"end":1080.63}]},{"text":"and also mangroves ecosystem.","start":1081.43,"end":1083.35,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":1081.43,"end":1081.59},{"text":"also","start":1081.59,"end":1081.99},{"text":"mangroves","start":1081.99,"end":1082.55},{"text":"ecosystem.","start":1082.55,"end":1083.35}]},{"text":"And apart from these five layers of biodiversity, indigenous people and local communities areas should also be the approach of blanketed areas, especially when free, prior and informed consent has not been obtained.","start":1083.67,"end":1101.27,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."},{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1083.67,"end":1083.87},{"text":"apart","start":1083.87,"end":1084.31},{"text":"from","start":1084.31,"end":1084.63},{"text":"these","start":1084.63,"end":1085.27},{"text":"five","start":1085.35,"end":1085.99},{"text":"layers","start":1086.23,"end":1086.95},{"text":"of","start":1086.95,"end":1087.11},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":1087.11,"end":1088.23},{"text":"indigenous","start":1088.63,"end":1089.35},{"text":"people","start":1089.35,"end":1090.07},{"text":"and","start":1090.07,"end":1090.31},{"text":"local","start":1090.31,"end":1090.63},{"text":"communities","start":1090.63,"end":1091.59},{"text":"areas","start":1091.59,"end":1092.31},{"text":"should","start":1092.31,"end":1092.71},{"text":"also","start":1092.71,"end":1093.11},{"text":"be","start":1093.11,"end":1093.51},{"text":"the","start":1093.51,"end":1093.71},{"text":"approach","start":1093.71,"end":1094.15},{"text":"of","start":1094.15,"end":1094.31},{"text":"blanketed","start":1094.31,"end":1095.03},{"text":"areas,","start":1095.27,"end":1095.99},{"text":"especially","start":1096.63,"end":1097.51},{"text":"when","start":1097.51,"end":1098.07},{"text":"free,","start":1098.07,"end":1098.39},{"text":"prior","start":1098.39,"end":1098.59},{"text":"and","start":1098.59,"end":1098.71},{"text":"informed","start":1098.71,"end":1099.11},{"text":"consent","start":1099.11,"end":1099.67},{"text":"has","start":1099.67,"end":1099.99},{"text":"not","start":1099.99,"end":1100.31},{"text":"been","start":1100.31,"end":1100.63},{"text":"obtained.","start":1100.63,"end":1101.27}]},{"text":"And indigenous people in the voluntary isolation should also be under considered as restricted areas.","start":1101.67,"end":1111.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."},{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1101.67,"end":1101.91},{"text":"indigenous","start":1102.07,"end":1102.71},{"text":"people","start":1102.71,"end":1103.27},{"text":"in","start":1103.27,"end":1103.43},{"text":"the","start":1103.43,"end":1103.55},{"text":"voluntary","start":1103.55,"end":1105.99},{"text":"isolation","start":1107.35,"end":1107.99},{"text":"should","start":1107.99,"end":1108.39},{"text":"also","start":1108.39,"end":1108.79},{"text":"be","start":1108.79,"end":1109.03},{"text":"under","start":1109.11,"end":1109.51},{"text":"considered","start":1109.51,"end":1110.07},{"text":"as","start":1110.07,"end":1110.31},{"text":"restricted","start":1110.31,"end":1110.95},{"text":"areas.","start":1110.95,"end":1111.67}]},{"text":"This could also be considered as a no-go zone.","start":1112.39,"end":1116.15,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1112.39,"end":1112.71},{"text":"could","start":1112.71,"end":1112.83},{"text":"also","start":1112.83,"end":1113.19},{"text":"be","start":1113.19,"end":1113.59},{"text":"considered","start":1114.15,"end":1114.79},{"text":"as","start":1114.79,"end":1115.15},{"text":"a","start":1115.15,"end":1115.19},{"text":"no-go","start":1115.19,"end":1115.67},{"text":"zone.","start":1115.67,"end":1116.15}]},{"text":"Restricted areas or areas that should not be mined is a way for us to assess which areas that should not be mined due to this high biodiversity, but also to assess how to make sure that biodiversity protected, but also indigenous people are being protected.","start":1117.59,"end":1138.87,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."},{"key":"mining-biodiversity-impacts","label":"Mining Impacts on Biodiversity","description":"Mining threatens forests, coastal waters, coral reefs and endangered species through land clearing, pollution and sedimentation. Speakers emphasized ecosystem protection, restoration and stronger integration of biodiversity into development planning."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-consent","label":"Indigenous Rights and Consent","description":"Discussion emphasized Indigenous territorial rights and meaningful free, prior and informed consent, including the right to refuse mining or withdraw consent. Affected communities must have access to information and substantive participation in decisions concerning their lands and livelihoods."}],"words":[{"text":"Restricted","start":1117.59,"end":1118.31},{"text":"areas","start":1118.31,"end":1119.03},{"text":"or","start":1119.43,"end":1119.83},{"text":"areas","start":1120.87,"end":1121.35},{"text":"that","start":1121.35,"end":1121.59},{"text":"should","start":1121.59,"end":1121.83},{"text":"not","start":1121.83,"end":1122.07},{"text":"be","start":1122.07,"end":1122.23},{"text":"mined","start":1122.23,"end":1122.83},{"text":"is","start":1122.95,"end":1123.27},{"text":"a","start":1123.27,"end":1123.35},{"text":"way","start":1123.35,"end":1123.67},{"text":"for","start":1123.67,"end":1123.99},{"text":"us","start":1124.07,"end":1124.23},{"text":"to","start":1124.23,"end":1124.43},{"text":"assess","start":1124.43,"end":1124.91},{"text":"which","start":1124.91,"end":1125.19},{"text":"areas","start":1125.19,"end":1125.75},{"text":"that","start":1125.75,"end":1125.91},{"text":"should","start":1125.91,"end":1126.15},{"text":"not","start":1126.15,"end":1126.39},{"text":"be","start":1126.39,"end":1126.51},{"text":"mined","start":1126.51,"end":1126.99},{"text":"due","start":1127.03,"end":1127.47},{"text":"to","start":1127.47,"end":1127.59},{"text":"this","start":1127.59,"end":1127.99},{"text":"high","start":1128.23,"end":1128.63},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":1128.63,"end":1129.91},{"text":"but","start":1130.59,"end":1130.71},{"text":"also","start":1130.71,"end":1131.19},{"text":"to","start":1131.19,"end":1131.43},{"text":"assess","start":1131.43,"end":1132.07},{"text":"how","start":1132.07,"end":1132.39},{"text":"to","start":1132.39,"end":1132.55},{"text":"make","start":1132.55,"end":1132.79},{"text":"sure","start":1132.79,"end":1133.19},{"text":"that","start":1133.19,"end":1133.67},{"text":"biodiversity","start":1134.55,"end":1135.35},{"text":"protected,","start":1135.35,"end":1135.99},{"text":"but","start":1135.99,"end":1136.15},{"text":"also","start":1136.15,"end":1136.47},{"text":"indigenous","start":1136.47,"end":1137.03},{"text":"people","start":1137.03,"end":1137.51},{"text":"are","start":1137.51,"end":1137.83},{"text":"being","start":1137.83,"end":1138.07},{"text":"protected.","start":1138.07,"end":1138.87}]},{"text":"Another thing that NGOs, but also other stakeholders should pay attention to is how to hold mining certification and also mining standards accountable, as voluntary standards is becoming a very crucial point issue right now.","start":1140.71,"end":1157.35,"topics":[{"key":"mining-supply-chain-accountability","label":"Mining Supply Chain Accountability","description":"Governments, mining companies, downstream buyers and investors were urged to take responsibility for environmental and human rights impacts throughout mineral supply chains. Discussion covered mandatory due diligence, certification and audit accountability, grievance mechanisms and the limitations of voluntary standards."}],"words":[{"text":"Another","start":1140.71,"end":1141.27},{"text":"thing","start":1141.27,"end":1141.67},{"text":"that","start":1141.67,"end":1142.15},{"text":"NGOs,","start":1142.47,"end":1143.19},{"text":"but","start":1143.19,"end":1143.35},{"text":"also","start":1143.35,"end":1143.91},{"text":"other","start":1143.91,"end":1144.31},{"text":"stakeholders","start":1144.31,"end":1144.91},{"text":"should","start":1144.91,"end":1145.11},{"text":"pay","start":1145.11,"end":1145.35},{"text":"attention","start":1145.35,"end":1145.99},{"text":"to","start":1145.99,"end":1146.15},{"text":"is","start":1146.15,"end":1146.39},{"text":"how","start":1146.39,"end":1146.63},{"text":"to","start":1146.63,"end":1146.83},{"text":"hold","start":1146.83,"end":1147.35},{"text":"mining","start":1147.59,"end":1148.23},{"text":"certification","start":1148.23,"end":1149.35},{"text":"and","start":1149.35,"end":1149.51},{"text":"also","start":1149.51,"end":1149.83},{"text":"mining","start":1149.83,"end":1150.23},{"text":"standards","start":1150.23,"end":1150.87},{"text":"accountable,","start":1150.87,"end":1151.67},{"text":"as","start":1152.07,"end":1152.39},{"text":"voluntary","start":1152.39,"end":1153.03},{"text":"standards","start":1153.03,"end":1153.67},{"text":"is","start":1153.67,"end":1153.83},{"text":"becoming","start":1153.83,"end":1154.47},{"text":"a","start":1154.47,"end":1154.55},{"text":"very","start":1154.55,"end":1154.95},{"text":"crucial","start":1154.95,"end":1155.59},{"text":"point","start":1155.67,"end":1156.15},{"text":"issue","start":1156.15,"end":1156.71},{"text":"right","start":1156.71,"end":1156.95},{"text":"now.","start":1156.95,"end":1157.35}]},{"text":"it's very important for government, for companies, investors to take a look at as these restricted areas and how to make sure that the most relevant stakeholders that make decisions adopt, integrate, and also implement these restricted areas along the value chain.","start":1158.99,"end":1179.67,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."},{"key":"mining-supply-chain-accountability","label":"Mining Supply Chain Accountability","description":"Governments, mining companies, downstream buyers and investors were urged to take responsibility for environmental and human rights impacts throughout mineral supply chains. 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looking at the sector, how communities, international communities from investors, from government, but also from corporate sectors agreed on certain frameworks, how to limit, how to make sure, for example, high carbon stock areas, high biodiversity areas should not be touched or should not be further degraded or deforested for palm oil.","start":1366.03,"end":1392.43,"topics":[{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. 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we still have a couple of minutes for just one more question, but otherwise we would like to thank you for coming and joining this 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don't know if there's anybody else that would like to.","start":2214.75,"end":2217.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2214.75,"end":2214.79},{"text":"don't","start":2214.91,"end":2215.19},{"text":"know","start":2215.35,"end":2215.59},{"text":"if","start":2215.59,"end":2215.67},{"text":"there's","start":2215.67,"end":2215.95},{"text":"anybody","start":2215.95,"end":2216.47},{"text":"else","start":2216.47,"end":2216.63},{"text":"that","start":2216.63,"end":2216.95},{"text":"would","start":2216.95,"end":2217.07},{"text":"like","start":2217.07,"end":2217.31},{"text":"to.","start":2217.31,"end":2217.59}]},{"text":"Yeah, please do.","start":2217.99,"end":2218.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yeah,","start":2217.99,"end":2218.19},{"text":"please","start":2218.19,"end":2218.59},{"text":"do.","start":2218.59,"end":2218.79}]},{"text":"The mic is over 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They emphasized fair benefit sharing, community participation and safeguards against unequal bargaining power and short-lived benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":2577.99,"end":2578.55},{"text":"usually","start":2579.75,"end":2580.23},{"text":"what","start":2580.23,"end":2580.71},{"text":"the","start":2581.11,"end":2581.99},{"text":"companies","start":2581.99,"end":2582.79},{"text":"always","start":2582.79,"end":2583.19},{"text":"mention","start":2583.19,"end":2583.75},{"text":"to","start":2583.83,"end":2583.91},{"text":"the","start":2583.99,"end":2584.15},{"text":"people,","start":2584.15,"end":2584.87},{"text":"to","start":2584.87,"end":2585.43},{"text":"the","start":2585.43,"end":2585.51},{"text":"indigenous","start":2585.51,"end":2586.07},{"text":"people,","start":2586.07,"end":2586.39},{"text":"just","start":2586.39,"end":2586.79},{"text":"you","start":2587.51,"end":2587.55},{"text":"know,","start":2587.55,"end":2587.79},{"text":"the","start":2587.79,"end":2587.95},{"text":"benefit,","start":2587.95,"end":2588.59},{"text":"temporary","start":2588.83,"end":2589.51},{"text":"benefit","start":2589.55,"end":2590.11},{"text":"for","start":2590.11,"end":2590.27},{"text":"them.","start":2590.27,"end":2590.51}]},{"text":"We need to know them, but this is not sustainable to live, you know, to sustain life.","start":2591.15,"end":2599.63,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing","description":"Speakers questioned whether mining revenues and national economic gains translate into lasting benefits for affected communities. 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Speakers discussed restrictions on small-island extraction, permit revocations and demands for mining companies to leave customary territories."},{"key":"mining-exclusion-zones","label":"Mining Exclusion Zones","description":"Speakers discussed identifying areas where mining should not occur, including protected areas, high-biodiversity ecosystems, carbon-rich landscapes and Indigenous territories without consent. The discussion also considered lessons from restrictions adopted in the palm oil sector."},{"key":"equitable-benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing","description":"Speakers questioned whether mining revenues and national economic gains translate into lasting benefits for affected communities. 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