{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1n/k1nwvai0bp","kaltura_id":"1_nwvai0bp","title":"Older Women Matter: Addressing Violence Across the Life Course","clean_title":"Older Women Matter: Addressing Violence Across the Life Course","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp","date":"2026-10-07T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-10-07T14:30:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"01:11:47","category":"Meetings & Events","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp"},"metadata":{"summary":null,"description":null,"categories":[],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-659d22e3-ea64-405e-9d1a-77369cf9cb61","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":0.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp?lang=en&t=0:01","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen.","start":0.51,"end":3.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":0.51,"end":1.39},{"text":"distinguished","start":1.79,"end":2.31},{"text":"delegates,","start":2.31,"end":2.83},{"text":"ladies","start":2.83,"end":3.11},{"text":"and","start":3.11,"end":3.27},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":3.27,"end":3.87}]},{"text":"Good morning and welcome to this high-level side event on \"Older Women Matter: Addressing Violence Across the Life Course\" held on the margins of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly.","start":4.59,"end":15.15,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. 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am Eva Reimann and I am very pleased to moderate today's discussion.","start":15.87,"end":19.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":15.87,"end":15.99},{"text":"am","start":15.99,"end":16.11},{"text":"Eva","start":16.15,"end":16.31},{"text":"Reimann","start":16.31,"end":16.75},{"text":"and","start":16.75,"end":16.91},{"text":"I","start":16.91,"end":16.99},{"text":"am","start":16.99,"end":17.07},{"text":"very","start":17.07,"end":17.35},{"text":"pleased","start":17.35,"end":17.75},{"text":"to","start":17.75,"end":17.83},{"text":"moderate","start":17.83,"end":18.23},{"text":"today's","start":18.23,"end":18.55},{"text":"discussion.","start":18.55,"end":19.07}]},{"text":"At the outset, I would like to thank and welcome the organizers, Ms. Rima Al Salem, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women and Girls, its causes and 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Permanent Mission of Italy to the United Nations, represented today by His Excellency Ambassador Giorgio Marrapodi, and the Group of Friends on Aging and Sustainable 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will have the pleasure of hearing from them during today's discussion.","start":43.15,"end":46.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":43.15,"end":43.23},{"text":"will","start":43.23,"end":43.39},{"text":"have","start":43.39,"end":43.55},{"text":"the","start":43.55,"end":43.63},{"text":"pleasure","start":43.63,"end":44.23},{"text":"of","start":44.23,"end":44.43},{"text":"hearing","start":44.43,"end":44.71},{"text":"from","start":44.71,"end":45.15},{"text":"them","start":45.15,"end":45.47},{"text":"during","start":45.47,"end":45.67},{"text":"today's","start":45.67,"end":45.99},{"text":"discussion.","start":45.99,"end":46.59}]},{"text":"Let me also welcome our distinguished panel of experts.","start":47.71,"end":50.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":47.71,"end":47.83},{"text":"me","start":47.83,"end":48.03},{"text":"also","start":48.03,"end":48.43},{"text":"welcome","start":48.43,"end":48.99},{"text":"our","start":48.99,"end":49.15},{"text":"distinguished","start":49.15,"end":49.75},{"text":"panel","start":49.75,"end":49.99},{"text":"of","start":49.99,"end":50.11},{"text":"experts.","start":50.11,"end":50.75}]},{"text":"who will bring experience from the fields of human rights, humanitarian assistance, healthcare, and protection of older persons.","start":51.51,"end":57.99,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. 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They called for age-disaggregated data and explicit inclusion of older women in violence prevention and response frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":67.83,"end":68.15},{"text":"in","start":68.63,"end":68.71},{"text":"laws","start":68.71,"end":68.95},{"text":"and","start":68.95,"end":69.11},{"text":"policies","start":69.11,"end":69.55},{"text":"and","start":69.55,"end":69.71},{"text":"data,","start":69.71,"end":70.23},{"text":"too","start":70.55,"end":70.71},{"text":"often","start":70.71,"end":71.03},{"text":"they","start":71.03,"end":71.15},{"text":"still","start":71.15,"end":71.35},{"text":"remain","start":71.35,"end":71.63},{"text":"invisible.","start":71.63,"end":72.31}]},{"text":"In her recent report, the Special Rapporteur brings these gaps into focus and examines how violence against older women can remain hidden or normalized.","start":73.03,"end":81.15,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. 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that, It is my pleasure to introduce His Excellency, Giorgio Marrapodi, the Permanent Representative of Italy to the United 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could you share with us some of the key challenges that older women face today, and also highlight the good practices and initiatives that Italy has adopted to strengthen their protection and 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Thank you to all of you, thank you, Ms. El-Salem.","start":126.83,"end":132.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":126.83,"end":127.07},{"text":"you,","start":127.07,"end":127.23},{"text":"thank","start":127.27,"end":127.47},{"text":"you,","start":127.47,"end":127.63},{"text":"Eva.","start":127.63,"end":127.87},{"text":"Thank","start":128.91,"end":129.23},{"text":"you","start":130.35,"end":130.51},{"text":"to","start":130.51,"end":131.19},{"text":"all","start":131.19,"end":131.35},{"text":"of","start":131.35,"end":131.43},{"text":"you,","start":131.43,"end":131.63},{"text":"thank","start":131.63,"end":131.83},{"text":"you,","start":131.83,"end":131.99},{"text":"Ms.","start":131.99,"end":132.15},{"text":"El-Salem.","start":132.15,"end":132.67}]},{"text":"Hey, I think that is the subject that we are addressing today is very important, is an important issue, as you were 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thank the Special Rapporteur and all our speakers, and I look forward to a rich and constructive 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Eva.","start":463.95,"end":464.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":463.95,"end":464.15},{"text":"you,","start":464.15,"end":464.27},{"text":"Eva.","start":464.27,"end":464.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ITA","group":null,"function":"Permanent Representative","affiliation_full":"Italy"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":464.99,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp?lang=en&t=7:45","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":464.99,"end":465.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":464.99,"end":465.15},{"text":"you.","start":465.15,"end":465.23}]},{"text":"Thank you very much for this very insightful remarks.","start":465.83,"end":468.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":465.83,"end":466.03},{"text":"you","start":466.03,"end":466.11},{"text":"very","start":466.11,"end":466.35},{"text":"much","start":466.35,"end":466.51},{"text":"for","start":466.51,"end":466.67},{"text":"this","start":466.71,"end":466.91},{"text":"very","start":466.95,"end":467.11},{"text":"insightful","start":467.19,"end":467.63},{"text":"remarks.","start":467.71,"end":468.19}]},{"text":"Now, let me give the floor to Ms. Reem Al-Salem, the UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls, its causes and 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Special Rapporteur.","start":477.15,"end":478.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madame","start":477.15,"end":477.43},{"text":"Special","start":477.43,"end":477.75},{"text":"Rapporteur.","start":477.75,"end":478.27}]},{"text":"Could you please tell us why you have decided to dedicate your report to this topic, and also what were the main issues that you have 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you, Eva. Good morning, excellencies and distinguished guests.","start":492.11,"end":497.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":492.11,"end":492.39},{"text":"you,","start":492.39,"end":492.47},{"text":"Eva.","start":492.47,"end":492.83},{"text":"Good","start":493.71,"end":493.87},{"text":"morning,","start":493.87,"end":494.35},{"text":"excellencies","start":494.75,"end":495.55},{"text":"and","start":495.55,"end":495.67},{"text":"distinguished","start":495.67,"end":496.51},{"text":"guests.","start":496.59,"end":497.23}]},{"text":"Perhaps before answering your question, Eva, I would also like to thank the Permanent Mission of Italy to the United Nations in New York, represented by His Excellency Ambassador Marapodi, for co-organizing and hosting this 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to the Group of Friends on Aging and Sustainable Development for co-sponsoring.","start":512.39,"end":517.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Also","start":512.39,"end":513.03},{"text":"to","start":513.03,"end":513.23},{"text":"the","start":513.23,"end":513.31},{"text":"Group","start":513.31,"end":513.59},{"text":"of","start":513.59,"end":513.67},{"text":"Friends","start":513.67,"end":514.15},{"text":"on","start":514.15,"end":514.31},{"text":"Aging","start":514.31,"end":514.67},{"text":"and","start":514.67,"end":514.79},{"text":"Sustainable","start":514.79,"end":515.35},{"text":"Development","start":515.35,"end":516.03},{"text":"for","start":516.03,"end":516.15},{"text":"co-sponsoring.","start":516.15,"end":517.03}]},{"text":"To all our wonderful experts joining us, and also to you, Eva, for agreeing to moderate and for actually organizing this event from the logistical side.","start":517.67,"end":528.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":517.67,"end":518.03},{"text":"all","start":518.03,"end":518.15},{"text":"our","start":518.15,"end":518.47},{"text":"wonderful","start":518.79,"end":519.35},{"text":"experts","start":519.35,"end":519.83},{"text":"joining","start":519.83,"end":520.31},{"text":"us,","start":520.31,"end":520.63},{"text":"and","start":520.63,"end":520.95},{"text":"also","start":520.95,"end":521.19},{"text":"to","start":521.19,"end":521.39},{"text":"you,","start":521.39,"end":521.59},{"text":"Eva,","start":522.19,"end":522.39},{"text":"for","start":522.39,"end":522.67},{"text":"agreeing","start":522.67,"end":523.03},{"text":"to","start":523.03,"end":523.15},{"text":"moderate","start":523.15,"end":523.63},{"text":"and","start":523.63,"end":523.83},{"text":"for","start":523.83,"end":523.99},{"text":"actually","start":523.99,"end":524.39},{"text":"organizing","start":524.39,"end":525.03},{"text":"this","start":525.03,"end":525.27},{"text":"event","start":525.27,"end":525.75},{"text":"from","start":526.95,"end":527.19},{"text":"the","start":527.19,"end":527.31},{"text":"logistical","start":527.31,"end":527.91},{"text":"side.","start":527.91,"end":528.39}]},{"text":"As many of you know, I'm going to be formally presenting my report on violence against older women tomorrow to the Third Committee of the General Assembly.","start":529.59,"end":537.51,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. 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countries.","start":1045.47,"end":1055.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"HelpAge","start":1045.47,"end":1045.95},{"text":"International","start":1045.95,"end":1046.59},{"text":"works","start":1046.59,"end":1046.95},{"text":"through","start":1046.95,"end":1047.23},{"text":"the","start":1047.23,"end":1047.39},{"text":"global","start":1047.39,"end":1047.71},{"text":"alliance","start":1047.71,"end":1048.15},{"text":"of","start":1048.15,"end":1048.23},{"text":"organizations","start":1048.23,"end":1049.15},{"text":"committed","start":1049.39,"end":1049.75},{"text":"to","start":1049.75,"end":1049.83},{"text":"the","start":1049.83,"end":1050.03},{"text":"well-being,","start":1050.03,"end":1050.75},{"text":"dignity,","start":1050.75,"end":1051.47},{"text":"and","start":1051.47,"end":1051.63},{"text":"voice","start":1051.63,"end":1051.91},{"text":"of","start":1051.91,"end":1052.03},{"text":"older","start":1052.03,"end":1052.43},{"text":"people,","start":1052.43,"end":1052.83},{"text":"and","start":1053.07,"end":1053.27},{"text":"is","start":1053.27,"end":1053.35},{"text":"currently","start":1053.35,"end":1053.79},{"text":"present","start":1053.79,"end":1054.27},{"text":"in","start":1054.27,"end":1054.39},{"text":"98","start":1054.39,"end":1054.83},{"text":"countries.","start":1054.83,"end":1055.47}]},{"text":"Ms. 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come back.","start":1296.19,"end":1297.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1296.19,"end":1296.51},{"text":"we","start":1296.51,"end":1296.91},{"text":"hope","start":1296.91,"end":1297.07},{"text":"to","start":1297.07,"end":1297.15},{"text":"come","start":1297.15,"end":1297.35},{"text":"back.","start":1297.35,"end":1297.63}]},{"text":"And now, then let me move to our next speaker, Dr. Sandra Berti, who is an international refugee law specialist with rich experience working across humanitarian 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a representative of Just Access, which is a non-governmental organization based in Germany, but operating worldwide, that exists to champion the right of every person to access to justice through education and outreach, advocacy and strategic 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Berti, could you speak about the particular challenges faced by older women in conflict settings, including in Sudan, and what measures are needed to ensure that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms are accessible to them?","start":1327.59,"end":1340.35,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"Dr.","start":1327.59,"end":1327.79},{"text":"Berti,","start":1327.79,"end":1328.27},{"text":"could","start":1328.75,"end":1328.95},{"text":"you","start":1328.95,"end":1329.03},{"text":"speak","start":1329.03,"end":1329.31},{"text":"about","start":1329.31,"end":1329.55},{"text":"the","start":1329.55,"end":1329.67},{"text":"particular","start":1329.67,"end":1330.19},{"text":"challenges","start":1330.19,"end":1330.91},{"text":"faced","start":1330.91,"end":1331.15},{"text":"by","start":1331.15,"end":1331.31},{"text":"older","start":1331.31,"end":1331.63},{"text":"women","start":1331.63,"end":1332.03},{"text":"in","start":1332.03,"end":1332.19},{"text":"conflict","start":1332.19,"end":1332.63},{"text":"settings,","start":1332.63,"end":1333.23},{"text":"including","start":1333.23,"end":1333.79},{"text":"in","start":1333.79,"end":1333.95},{"text":"Sudan,","start":1333.95,"end":1334.43},{"text":"and","start":1334.83,"end":1335.11},{"text":"what","start":1335.11,"end":1335.39},{"text":"measures","start":1335.39,"end":1335.79},{"text":"are","start":1335.79,"end":1335.95},{"text":"needed","start":1335.95,"end":1336.19},{"text":"to","start":1336.19,"end":1336.35},{"text":"ensure","start":1336.35,"end":1336.67},{"text":"that","start":1336.67,"end":1336.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1336.83,"end":1337.39},{"text":"assistance","start":1337.39,"end":1337.87},{"text":"and","start":1337.87,"end":1337.99},{"text":"protection","start":1337.99,"end":1338.47},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1338.47,"end":1339.07},{"text":"are","start":1339.23,"end":1339.35},{"text":"accessible","start":1339.35,"end":1339.95},{"text":"to","start":1339.95,"end":1340.03},{"text":"them?","start":1340.03,"end":1340.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Moderator","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":23,"start":1345.23,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp?lang=en&t=22:26","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Eva, and good morning, everybody.","start":1345.23,"end":1348.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1345.23,"end":1345.55},{"text":"you,","start":1345.55,"end":1345.87},{"text":"Eva,","start":1345.87,"end":1346.27},{"text":"and","start":1346.27,"end":1346.83},{"text":"good","start":1347.07,"end":1347.31},{"text":"morning,","start":1347.31,"end":1347.63},{"text":"everybody.","start":1347.63,"end":1348.27}]},{"text":"Thank you very much for inviting Just Access to take part in this very important discussion today.","start":1348.83,"end":1353.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1348.83,"end":1349.07},{"text":"you","start":1349.07,"end":1349.15},{"text":"very","start":1349.15,"end":1349.35},{"text":"much","start":1349.35,"end":1349.63},{"text":"for","start":1349.63,"end":1349.75},{"text":"inviting","start":1349.75,"end":1350.27},{"text":"Just","start":1350.27,"end":1350.51},{"text":"Access","start":1350.51,"end":1350.99},{"text":"to","start":1350.99,"end":1351.07},{"text":"take","start":1351.07,"end":1351.31},{"text":"part","start":1351.31,"end":1351.79},{"text":"in","start":1351.79,"end":1351.95},{"text":"this","start":1351.95,"end":1352.19},{"text":"very","start":1352.19,"end":1352.39},{"text":"important","start":1352.39,"end":1352.91},{"text":"discussion","start":1352.91,"end":1353.39},{"text":"today.","start":1353.39,"end":1353.87}]},{"text":"We're very glad to be here and to be able to take part.","start":1356.15,"end":1359.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":1356.15,"end":1356.35},{"text":"very","start":1356.35,"end":1356.71},{"text":"glad","start":1356.71,"end":1356.91},{"text":"to","start":1356.91,"end":1357.07},{"text":"be","start":1357.07,"end":1357.19},{"text":"here","start":1357.19,"end":1357.47},{"text":"and","start":1357.47,"end":1357.63},{"text":"to","start":1357.63,"end":1357.71},{"text":"be","start":1357.71,"end":1357.87},{"text":"able","start":1357.87,"end":1358.03},{"text":"to","start":1358.03,"end":1358.47},{"text":"take","start":1358.47,"end":1358.71},{"text":"part.","start":1358.71,"end":1359.11}]},{"text":"To start, Just Access is currently working on a project relating to the conflict in Sudan.","start":1360.63,"end":1366.59,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1360.63,"end":1360.75},{"text":"start,","start":1360.79,"end":1361.07},{"text":"Just","start":1361.07,"end":1361.39},{"text":"Access","start":1361.39,"end":1361.83},{"text":"is","start":1361.91,"end":1362.23},{"text":"currently","start":1362.23,"end":1362.63},{"text":"working","start":1362.63,"end":1363.03},{"text":"on","start":1363.03,"end":1363.59},{"text":"a","start":1363.59,"end":1363.67},{"text":"project","start":1363.67,"end":1364.19},{"text":"relating","start":1364.19,"end":1364.63},{"text":"to","start":1364.63,"end":1364.79},{"text":"the","start":1364.87,"end":1365.03},{"text":"conflict","start":1365.59,"end":1366.15},{"text":"in","start":1366.15,"end":1366.23},{"text":"Sudan.","start":1366.23,"end":1366.59}]},{"text":"And so a lot of the examples that I will be presenting on today are from where our submission came from, has to do with direct testimony of victims of human rights violations in the conflict of Sudan, but it's also supported by different reports done across different conflicts to sort of try to encompass as much as possible the violations or the patterns of violations against older women in conflict.","start":1366.59,"end":1395.91,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. 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it by no means is comprehensive or it's by no means reflective of all violations against older women across different conflict contexts, just as a 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start, We all know that the conflict in Sudan has been brutal to civilians across the board, but today we will focus on the violations that we've seen relating to older women in particular.","start":1411.63,"end":1424.27,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1411.63,"end":1411.71},{"text":"start,","start":1412.91,"end":1413.63},{"text":"We","start":1414.19,"end":1414.35},{"text":"all","start":1414.35,"end":1414.43},{"text":"know","start":1414.43,"end":1414.67},{"text":"that","start":1414.67,"end":1414.83},{"text":"the","start":1414.83,"end":1414.91},{"text":"conflict","start":1414.91,"end":1415.35},{"text":"in","start":1415.35,"end":1415.43},{"text":"Sudan","start":1415.43,"end":1415.79},{"text":"has","start":1415.79,"end":1416.03},{"text":"been","start":1416.07,"end":1416.27},{"text":"brutal","start":1416.27,"end":1416.67},{"text":"to","start":1416.67,"end":1416.83},{"text":"civilians","start":1416.83,"end":1417.55},{"text":"across","start":1417.55,"end":1417.95},{"text":"the","start":1417.95,"end":1418.03},{"text":"board,","start":1418.03,"end":1418.43},{"text":"but","start":1418.59,"end":1418.91},{"text":"today","start":1418.95,"end":1419.23},{"text":"we","start":1419.23,"end":1419.39},{"text":"will","start":1419.39,"end":1419.55},{"text":"focus","start":1419.55,"end":1419.95},{"text":"on","start":1419.95,"end":1420.19},{"text":"the","start":1420.19,"end":1420.27},{"text":"violations","start":1420.27,"end":1420.99},{"text":"that","start":1420.99,"end":1421.31},{"text":"we've","start":1421.31,"end":1421.63},{"text":"seen","start":1421.63,"end":1422.07},{"text":"relating","start":1422.07,"end":1422.59},{"text":"to","start":1422.59,"end":1422.71},{"text":"older","start":1422.91,"end":1423.19},{"text":"women","start":1423.19,"end":1423.47},{"text":"in","start":1423.47,"end":1423.63},{"text":"particular.","start":1423.63,"end":1424.27}]},{"text":"As has already been mentioned by the Special Rapporteur and previous speakers, older women experience the intersection of age and sex and the discrimination that is associated with both.","start":1425.63,"end":1436.23,"topics":[{"key":"ageism-and-sexism","label":"Ageism and Sexism","description":"Several speakers examined how age-based and gender-based discrimination combine to make older women especially vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exclusion. 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This intersectional discrimination shapes how society, institutions, and even service providers perceive and treat older women."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":1436.99,"end":1437.23},{"text":"social","start":1437.23,"end":1437.75},{"text":"role","start":1437.75,"end":1438.19},{"text":"and","start":1438.19,"end":1438.51},{"text":"the","start":1438.99,"end":1439.23},{"text":"structural","start":1439.39,"end":1440.19},{"text":"discrimination","start":1440.19,"end":1441.15},{"text":"that","start":1441.75,"end":1442.07},{"text":"they","start":1442.07,"end":1442.19},{"text":"live","start":1442.19,"end":1442.39},{"text":"through","start":1442.39,"end":1442.71},{"text":"is","start":1442.71,"end":1442.87},{"text":"accumulated","start":1442.87,"end":1443.91},{"text":"across","start":1444.15,"end":1444.87},{"text":"their","start":1444.87,"end":1445.03},{"text":"life","start":1445.03,"end":1445.27},{"text":"cycle","start":1445.27,"end":1445.83},{"text":"and","start":1445.83,"end":1446.39},{"text":"touches","start":1447.35,"end":1447.91},{"text":"or","start":1447.91,"end":1448.15},{"text":"impacts","start":1448.15,"end":1448.63},{"text":"their","start":1448.63,"end":1448.87},{"text":"health","start":1448.87,"end":1449.27},{"text":"and","start":1449.27,"end":1449.55},{"text":"their","start":1449.55,"end":1449.71},{"text":"resources","start":1449.71,"end":1450.55},{"text":"and","start":1450.55,"end":1450.71},{"text":"shapes","start":1450.71,"end":1451.11},{"text":"the","start":1451.11,"end":1451.19},{"text":"harms","start":1451.19,"end":1451.75},{"text":"that","start":1451.83,"end":1451.99},{"text":"they","start":1451.99,"end":1452.15},{"text":"face.","start":1452.15,"end":1452.63}]},{"text":"And this is of course intensified when it comes to conflict.","start":1453.35,"end":1456.87,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1453.35,"end":1453.55},{"text":"this","start":1453.55,"end":1453.75},{"text":"is","start":1453.75,"end":1453.99},{"text":"of","start":1453.99,"end":1454.07},{"text":"course","start":1454.11,"end":1454.47},{"text":"intensified","start":1454.47,"end":1455.51},{"text":"when","start":1455.55,"end":1455.83},{"text":"it","start":1455.83,"end":1455.95},{"text":"comes","start":1455.95,"end":1456.15},{"text":"to","start":1456.15,"end":1456.27},{"text":"conflict.","start":1456.27,"end":1456.87}]},{"text":"In terms of what we mean when we say older women, Just Access adopts the constructive definition of older, which basically puts forward that Age is beyond chronological.","start":1458.87,"end":1473.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1458.87,"end":1459.03},{"text":"terms","start":1459.03,"end":1459.43},{"text":"of","start":1459.43,"end":1459.67},{"text":"what","start":1459.71,"end":1459.99},{"text":"we","start":1460.07,"end":1460.15},{"text":"mean","start":1460.15,"end":1460.51},{"text":"when","start":1460.51,"end":1460.79},{"text":"we","start":1460.79,"end":1460.95},{"text":"say","start":1460.95,"end":1461.27},{"text":"older","start":1461.27,"end":1461.59},{"text":"women,","start":1461.59,"end":1462.07},{"text":"Just","start":1462.39,"end":1462.79},{"text":"Access","start":1462.79,"end":1463.43},{"text":"adopts","start":1463.83,"end":1464.39},{"text":"the","start":1464.39,"end":1464.59},{"text":"constructive","start":1464.87,"end":1465.83},{"text":"definition","start":1465.83,"end":1466.35},{"text":"of","start":1466.35,"end":1466.55},{"text":"older,","start":1466.55,"end":1466.95},{"text":"which","start":1466.99,"end":1467.51},{"text":"basically","start":1467.67,"end":1468.55},{"text":"puts","start":1468.87,"end":1469.19},{"text":"forward","start":1469.19,"end":1469.75},{"text":"that","start":1469.91,"end":1470.39},{"text":"Age","start":1471.11,"end":1471.59},{"text":"is","start":1471.59,"end":1471.75},{"text":"beyond","start":1471.75,"end":1472.15},{"text":"chronological.","start":1472.15,"end":1473.03}]},{"text":"It's trauma, malnutrition, interrupted care, act as aging factors, and they accelerate the aging of women and their need for protection.","start":1473.19,"end":1486.39,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":1473.19,"end":1473.55},{"text":"trauma,","start":1473.67,"end":1474.19},{"text":"malnutrition,","start":1474.19,"end":1474.95},{"text":"interrupted","start":1474.95,"end":1475.67},{"text":"care,","start":1475.67,"end":1476.15},{"text":"act","start":1476.63,"end":1476.95},{"text":"as","start":1477.03,"end":1477.43},{"text":"aging","start":1477.43,"end":1477.99},{"text":"factors,","start":1477.99,"end":1478.79},{"text":"and","start":1479.23,"end":1479.43},{"text":"they","start":1479.43,"end":1479.75},{"text":"accelerate","start":1479.75,"end":1480.51},{"text":"the","start":1480.51,"end":1480.59},{"text":"aging","start":1480.63,"end":1481.11},{"text":"of","start":1481.11,"end":1481.51},{"text":"women","start":1481.51,"end":1482.07},{"text":"and","start":1483.99,"end":1484.31},{"text":"their","start":1484.31,"end":1484.71},{"text":"need","start":1484.79,"end":1485.31},{"text":"for","start":1485.39,"end":1485.59},{"text":"protection.","start":1485.63,"end":1486.39}]},{"text":"And their vulnerabilities basically follow based on these social and contextual situations.","start":1486.75,"end":1494.55,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1486.75,"end":1486.91},{"text":"their","start":1486.91,"end":1487.27},{"text":"vulnerabilities","start":1487.47,"end":1488.39},{"text":"basically","start":1488.47,"end":1489.03},{"text":"follow","start":1489.03,"end":1489.67},{"text":"based","start":1489.75,"end":1490.07},{"text":"on","start":1490.07,"end":1490.27},{"text":"these","start":1490.27,"end":1490.47},{"text":"social","start":1490.47,"end":1491.03},{"text":"and","start":1491.03,"end":1491.43},{"text":"contextual","start":1491.51,"end":1492.55},{"text":"situations.","start":1493.59,"end":1494.55}]},{"text":"Within Sudan, I will highlight a few patterns relating to harm that are specific to older women as we've seen them from the different testimonies.","start":1498.07,"end":1507.47,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."}],"words":[{"text":"Within","start":1498.07,"end":1498.23},{"text":"Sudan,","start":1498.23,"end":1498.75},{"text":"I","start":1498.75,"end":1498.83},{"text":"will","start":1498.83,"end":1498.99},{"text":"highlight","start":1498.99,"end":1499.55},{"text":"a","start":1499.55,"end":1499.63},{"text":"few","start":1499.63,"end":1500.11},{"text":"patterns","start":1500.19,"end":1500.91},{"text":"relating","start":1500.99,"end":1501.39},{"text":"to","start":1501.39,"end":1501.51},{"text":"harm","start":1501.55,"end":1501.95},{"text":"that","start":1502.83,"end":1502.99},{"text":"are","start":1502.99,"end":1503.15},{"text":"specific","start":1503.15,"end":1503.79},{"text":"to","start":1503.99,"end":1504.07},{"text":"older","start":1504.07,"end":1504.31},{"text":"women","start":1504.35,"end":1504.67},{"text":"as","start":1504.67,"end":1504.83},{"text":"we've","start":1504.83,"end":1505.03},{"text":"seen","start":1505.03,"end":1505.31},{"text":"them","start":1505.31,"end":1505.55},{"text":"from","start":1505.55,"end":1506.19},{"text":"the","start":1506.19,"end":1506.27},{"text":"different","start":1506.27,"end":1506.63},{"text":"testimonies.","start":1506.63,"end":1507.47}]},{"text":"First of all, as was already mentioned, sexual violence does not only happen to younger women.","start":1508.75,"end":1514.59,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":1508.75,"end":1509.07},{"text":"of","start":1509.11,"end":1509.23},{"text":"all,","start":1509.23,"end":1509.47},{"text":"as","start":1509.47,"end":1509.71},{"text":"was","start":1509.71,"end":1509.87},{"text":"already","start":1509.87,"end":1510.19},{"text":"mentioned,","start":1510.19,"end":1510.75},{"text":"sexual","start":1510.91,"end":1511.39},{"text":"violence","start":1511.39,"end":1512.03},{"text":"does","start":1512.03,"end":1512.27},{"text":"not","start":1512.27,"end":1512.51},{"text":"only","start":1512.51,"end":1512.75},{"text":"happen","start":1512.75,"end":1513.15},{"text":"to","start":1513.15,"end":1513.27},{"text":"younger","start":1513.27,"end":1513.63},{"text":"women.","start":1513.63,"end":1514.59}]},{"text":"The UN fact-finding mission has documented rape of women as old as 75 in Sudan and as old as 80 in different contexts.","start":1514.75,"end":1523.03,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1514.75,"end":1514.87},{"text":"UN","start":1514.91,"end":1515.23},{"text":"fact-finding","start":1515.23,"end":1515.75},{"text":"mission","start":1515.75,"end":1516.03},{"text":"has","start":1516.03,"end":1516.23},{"text":"documented","start":1516.23,"end":1516.91},{"text":"rape","start":1516.91,"end":1517.23},{"text":"of","start":1517.23,"end":1517.39},{"text":"women","start":1517.39,"end":1517.71},{"text":"as","start":1517.71,"end":1517.91},{"text":"old","start":1517.91,"end":1518.07},{"text":"as","start":1518.07,"end":1518.15},{"text":"75","start":1518.15,"end":1519.07},{"text":"in","start":1519.07,"end":1519.31},{"text":"Sudan","start":1519.31,"end":1519.79},{"text":"and","start":1520.27,"end":1520.55},{"text":"as","start":1520.55,"end":1520.75},{"text":"old","start":1520.75,"end":1520.99},{"text":"as","start":1520.99,"end":1521.15},{"text":"80","start":1521.15,"end":1521.79},{"text":"in","start":1521.79,"end":1522.07},{"text":"different","start":1522.07,"end":1522.47},{"text":"contexts.","start":1522.47,"end":1523.03}]},{"text":"Other violations that have come up in our testimonies and have come up in other reported violations on Sudan include the forced servitude and mistreatment and degrading treatment of women, including where older women were taken as slaves by armed factions, used to cook for them, used to carry weapons, degraded, asked to dance for them.","start":1525.11,"end":1552.23,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."},{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. 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This intersectional discrimination shapes how society, institutions, and even service providers perceive and treat older women."},{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."}],"words":[{"text":"basically","start":1552.79,"end":1553.27},{"text":"treated","start":1553.27,"end":1553.83},{"text":"very","start":1553.83,"end":1554.15},{"text":"clearly","start":1554.19,"end":1554.63},{"text":"differently","start":1554.63,"end":1555.43},{"text":"due","start":1555.51,"end":1555.83},{"text":"to","start":1555.83,"end":1555.95},{"text":"their","start":1555.95,"end":1556.15},{"text":"age","start":1556.15,"end":1556.47},{"text":"and","start":1556.51,"end":1556.67},{"text":"their","start":1556.67,"end":1556.87},{"text":"sex","start":1556.87,"end":1557.35},{"text":"in","start":1557.91,"end":1558.03},{"text":"terms","start":1558.03,"end":1558.35},{"text":"of","start":1558.35,"end":1558.43},{"text":"violations","start":1558.43,"end":1559.35},{"text":"as","start":1559.91,"end":1560.19},{"text":"opposed","start":1560.19,"end":1560.59},{"text":"to","start":1560.59,"end":1560.95},{"text":"younger","start":1561.11,"end":1561.51},{"text":"women","start":1561.51,"end":1562.79},{"text":"or","start":1563.35,"end":1564.15},{"text":"men","start":1564.47,"end":1564.79},{"text":"and","start":1564.79,"end":1564.91},{"text":"boys.","start":1564.91,"end":1565.35}]},{"text":"Caregiving is especially important because it reflects a social role that women are expected to fulfill throughout their life, including in older age.","start":1567.99,"end":1576.95,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"Caregiving","start":1567.99,"end":1568.71},{"text":"is","start":1569.27,"end":1569.71},{"text":"especially","start":1569.71,"end":1570.19},{"text":"important","start":1570.19,"end":1570.75},{"text":"because","start":1570.75,"end":1571.07},{"text":"it","start":1571.07,"end":1571.19},{"text":"reflects","start":1571.19,"end":1571.75},{"text":"a","start":1571.75,"end":1571.83},{"text":"social","start":1571.83,"end":1572.27},{"text":"role","start":1572.27,"end":1572.63},{"text":"that","start":1572.63,"end":1572.87},{"text":"women","start":1572.87,"end":1573.19},{"text":"are","start":1573.19,"end":1573.31},{"text":"expected","start":1573.31,"end":1573.79},{"text":"to","start":1573.79,"end":1573.87},{"text":"fulfill","start":1573.91,"end":1574.47},{"text":"throughout","start":1574.47,"end":1574.75},{"text":"their","start":1574.75,"end":1575.03},{"text":"life,","start":1575.03,"end":1575.43},{"text":"including","start":1575.51,"end":1576.07},{"text":"in","start":1576.07,"end":1576.23},{"text":"older","start":1576.23,"end":1576.55},{"text":"age.","start":1576.55,"end":1576.95}]},{"text":"Conflict intensifies these responsibilities as relatives are killed or disappeared or displaced and services collapse.","start":1577.63,"end":1585.51,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"Conflict","start":1577.63,"end":1578.07},{"text":"intensifies","start":1578.07,"end":1579.11},{"text":"these","start":1579.11,"end":1579.35},{"text":"responsibilities","start":1579.43,"end":1580.63},{"text":"as","start":1580.63,"end":1580.87},{"text":"relatives","start":1580.87,"end":1581.39},{"text":"are","start":1581.39,"end":1581.51},{"text":"killed","start":1581.51,"end":1581.99},{"text":"or","start":1581.99,"end":1582.11},{"text":"disappeared","start":1582.11,"end":1582.95},{"text":"or","start":1583.03,"end":1583.19},{"text":"displaced","start":1583.19,"end":1583.87},{"text":"and","start":1584.23,"end":1584.47},{"text":"services","start":1584.47,"end":1584.95},{"text":"collapse.","start":1584.95,"end":1585.51}]},{"text":"In our submission, we describe a case of an older woman whose son was her primary caregiver or supporter, was himself beaten and basically beaten and made incapacitated and was was attached to a dialysis machine after the armed groups had beaten him and tortured him.","start":1586.47,"end":1616.43,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. 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Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1616.91,"end":1617.23},{"text":"overnight,","start":1617.63,"end":1618.27},{"text":"she","start":1618.43,"end":1618.59},{"text":"became","start":1618.59,"end":1619.15},{"text":"the","start":1619.15,"end":1619.23},{"text":"caretaker.","start":1619.23,"end":1619.95}]},{"text":"She lost access to that support that he was providing her, and she lost the ability to basically flee the violence in Sudan because of it, or flee the violence from her specific area.","start":1619.95,"end":1630.15,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"She","start":1619.95,"end":1620.27},{"text":"lost","start":1620.27,"end":1620.75},{"text":"access","start":1620.75,"end":1621.23},{"text":"to","start":1621.23,"end":1621.35},{"text":"that","start":1621.39,"end":1621.63},{"text":"support","start":1621.63,"end":1622.07},{"text":"that","start":1622.07,"end":1622.27},{"text":"he","start":1622.27,"end":1622.35},{"text":"was","start":1622.35,"end":1622.51},{"text":"providing","start":1622.51,"end":1622.99},{"text":"her,","start":1622.99,"end":1623.23},{"text":"and","start":1623.55,"end":1623.83},{"text":"she","start":1623.83,"end":1624.03},{"text":"lost","start":1624.03,"end":1624.39},{"text":"the","start":1624.47,"end":1624.55},{"text":"ability","start":1624.67,"end":1625.15},{"text":"to","start":1625.19,"end":1625.27},{"text":"basically","start":1625.27,"end":1625.75},{"text":"flee","start":1625.91,"end":1626.11},{"text":"the","start":1626.11,"end":1626.23},{"text":"violence","start":1626.23,"end":1626.75},{"text":"in","start":1626.75,"end":1626.91},{"text":"Sudan","start":1626.91,"end":1627.39},{"text":"because","start":1627.39,"end":1627.71},{"text":"of","start":1627.71,"end":1627.79},{"text":"it,","start":1627.79,"end":1627.95},{"text":"or","start":1627.95,"end":1628.11},{"text":"flee","start":1628.11,"end":1628.35},{"text":"the","start":1628.35,"end":1628.43},{"text":"violence","start":1628.43,"end":1628.87},{"text":"from","start":1628.87,"end":1629.07},{"text":"her","start":1629.07,"end":1629.23},{"text":"specific","start":1629.23,"end":1629.79},{"text":"area.","start":1629.79,"end":1630.15}]},{"text":"So this example shows how such a role increases the risks of violence on older women and also puts them in a more vulnerable situation.","start":1631.15,"end":1641.23,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1631.15,"end":1631.39},{"text":"this","start":1631.39,"end":1631.55},{"text":"example","start":1631.55,"end":1632.11},{"text":"shows","start":1632.11,"end":1632.59},{"text":"how","start":1632.59,"end":1632.99},{"text":"such","start":1632.99,"end":1633.39},{"text":"a","start":1633.39,"end":1633.43},{"text":"role","start":1633.43,"end":1633.95},{"text":"increases","start":1634.35,"end":1635.15},{"text":"the","start":1635.15,"end":1635.27},{"text":"risks","start":1635.27,"end":1635.71},{"text":"of","start":1635.91,"end":1636.19},{"text":"violence","start":1636.43,"end":1637.07},{"text":"on","start":1637.07,"end":1637.31},{"text":"older","start":1637.31,"end":1637.55},{"text":"women","start":1637.55,"end":1637.95},{"text":"and","start":1638.27,"end":1638.59},{"text":"also","start":1638.59,"end":1638.91},{"text":"puts","start":1638.91,"end":1639.15},{"text":"them","start":1639.15,"end":1639.31},{"text":"in","start":1639.31,"end":1639.55},{"text":"a","start":1639.71,"end":1639.79},{"text":"more","start":1639.87,"end":1640.11},{"text":"vulnerable","start":1640.11,"end":1640.59},{"text":"situation.","start":1640.59,"end":1641.23}]},{"text":"Then we look at the deprivation of essential services.","start":1643.31,"end":1646.19,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"Then","start":1643.31,"end":1643.55},{"text":"we","start":1643.55,"end":1643.67},{"text":"look","start":1643.71,"end":1643.87},{"text":"at","start":1643.87,"end":1644.11},{"text":"the","start":1644.11,"end":1644.19},{"text":"deprivation","start":1644.19,"end":1644.87},{"text":"of","start":1644.87,"end":1644.99},{"text":"essential","start":1644.99,"end":1645.47},{"text":"services.","start":1645.47,"end":1646.19}]},{"text":"In the situation of the Sudan conflict, there's been deliberate starvation and deliberate denial of medical care and essential infrastructure.","start":1646.75,"end":1656.15,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1646.75,"end":1646.91},{"text":"the","start":1646.91,"end":1646.99},{"text":"situation","start":1646.99,"end":1647.87},{"text":"of","start":1647.87,"end":1648.35},{"text":"the","start":1649.55,"end":1649.79},{"text":"Sudan","start":1649.79,"end":1650.19},{"text":"conflict,","start":1650.19,"end":1650.87},{"text":"there's","start":1650.87,"end":1651.19},{"text":"been","start":1651.19,"end":1651.39},{"text":"deliberate","start":1651.39,"end":1651.87},{"text":"starvation","start":1651.87,"end":1652.75},{"text":"and","start":1652.75,"end":1652.87},{"text":"deliberate","start":1652.87,"end":1653.35},{"text":"denial","start":1653.35,"end":1653.71},{"text":"of","start":1653.71,"end":1653.87},{"text":"medical","start":1653.87,"end":1654.27},{"text":"care","start":1654.27,"end":1654.67},{"text":"and","start":1654.67,"end":1654.79},{"text":"essential","start":1654.79,"end":1655.31},{"text":"infrastructure.","start":1655.31,"end":1656.15}]},{"text":"through either deliberate targeting by the warring factions or due to the general destruction and the lack of access for these services.","start":1656.91,"end":1670.15,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"through","start":1656.91,"end":1657.27},{"text":"either","start":1657.27,"end":1657.67},{"text":"deliberate","start":1657.67,"end":1658.19},{"text":"targeting","start":1658.19,"end":1658.79},{"text":"by","start":1658.79,"end":1659.03},{"text":"the","start":1659.03,"end":1659.11},{"text":"warring","start":1659.11,"end":1659.43},{"text":"factions","start":1659.43,"end":1660.15},{"text":"or","start":1660.39,"end":1660.71},{"text":"due","start":1661.39,"end":1661.75},{"text":"to","start":1662.55,"end":1662.99},{"text":"the","start":1663.19,"end":1663.31},{"text":"general","start":1663.39,"end":1663.75},{"text":"destruction","start":1663.75,"end":1664.39},{"text":"and","start":1664.39,"end":1664.71},{"text":"the","start":1665.67,"end":1665.75},{"text":"lack","start":1665.75,"end":1666.07},{"text":"of","start":1666.07,"end":1666.23},{"text":"access","start":1666.23,"end":1666.79},{"text":"for","start":1666.79,"end":1667.75},{"text":"these","start":1668.71,"end":1668.95},{"text":"services.","start":1669.07,"end":1670.15}]},{"text":"And older women, as has already been mentioned, are affected.","start":1671.03,"end":1674.55,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1671.03,"end":1671.35},{"text":"older","start":1671.35,"end":1671.67},{"text":"women,","start":1671.67,"end":1671.99},{"text":"as","start":1671.99,"end":1672.15},{"text":"has","start":1672.15,"end":1672.31},{"text":"already","start":1672.31,"end":1672.63},{"text":"been","start":1672.63,"end":1672.79},{"text":"mentioned,","start":1672.79,"end":1673.43},{"text":"are","start":1673.67,"end":1673.91},{"text":"affected.","start":1673.91,"end":1674.55}]},{"text":"Older people and children are the most affected, based on the reporting, due to this lack of services or access to services.","start":1674.63,"end":1683.03,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}],"words":[{"text":"Older","start":1674.63,"end":1674.95},{"text":"people","start":1674.95,"end":1675.59},{"text":"and","start":1675.59,"end":1675.91},{"text":"children","start":1675.91,"end":1676.39},{"text":"are","start":1676.39,"end":1676.55},{"text":"the","start":1676.55,"end":1676.71},{"text":"most","start":1676.71,"end":1676.95},{"text":"affected,","start":1676.95,"end":1677.51},{"text":"based","start":1677.83,"end":1678.15},{"text":"on","start":1678.15,"end":1678.23},{"text":"the","start":1678.23,"end":1678.31},{"text":"reporting,","start":1678.31,"end":1678.95},{"text":"due","start":1678.95,"end":1679.19},{"text":"to","start":1679.19,"end":1679.31},{"text":"this","start":1679.35,"end":1679.67},{"text":"lack","start":1680.87,"end":1681.11},{"text":"of","start":1681.11,"end":1681.23},{"text":"services","start":1681.23,"end":1681.83},{"text":"or","start":1681.83,"end":1681.91},{"text":"access","start":1681.91,"end":1682.27},{"text":"to","start":1682.27,"end":1682.35},{"text":"services.","start":1682.35,"end":1683.03}]},{"text":"and older women tending to live longer tend to then be disproportionately impacted by these measures.","start":1683.71,"end":1692.19,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."},{"key":"ageism-and-sexism","label":"Ageism and Sexism","description":"Several speakers examined how age-based and gender-based discrimination combine to make older women especially vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exclusion. This intersectional discrimination shapes how society, institutions, and even service providers perceive and treat older women."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":1683.71,"end":1683.87},{"text":"older","start":1684.03,"end":1684.35},{"text":"women","start":1684.35,"end":1684.79},{"text":"tending","start":1684.79,"end":1685.15},{"text":"to","start":1685.15,"end":1685.27},{"text":"live","start":1685.27,"end":1685.47},{"text":"longer","start":1685.47,"end":1686.11},{"text":"tend","start":1686.67,"end":1687.11},{"text":"to","start":1687.11,"end":1687.19},{"text":"then","start":1687.19,"end":1687.47},{"text":"be","start":1687.63,"end":1687.87},{"text":"disproportionately","start":1687.87,"end":1688.91},{"text":"impacted","start":1688.91,"end":1689.55},{"text":"by","start":1689.55,"end":1690.35},{"text":"these","start":1690.35,"end":1690.83},{"text":"measures.","start":1691.63,"end":1692.19}]},{"text":"Trauma and bereavement, psychological harm as well, as women tend to become widowers and tend to remain alone after becoming widows, especially in conflict, psychological harm and trauma is increased and with the loss of support and the loss of family members due to the conflict, this is amplified and the harm is exacerbated.","start":1693.79,"end":1721.07,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. 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Schied.","start":2083.39,"end":2090.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2083.39,"end":2083.71},{"text":"I","start":2083.71,"end":2083.87},{"text":"think","start":2083.87,"end":2084.15},{"text":"we'll","start":2084.15,"end":2084.39},{"text":"move","start":2084.39,"end":2084.75},{"text":"to","start":2084.75,"end":2084.99},{"text":"our","start":2084.99,"end":2085.19},{"text":"in-person","start":2085.19,"end":2085.79},{"text":"speaker,","start":2085.79,"end":2086.27},{"text":"Ms.","start":2087.39,"end":2087.75},{"text":"Nicole","start":2089.91,"end":2090.27},{"text":"Schied.","start":2090.27,"end":2090.67}]},{"text":"Executive Director of Canadian Physicians for Life, which is a non-profit organization founded in 1975 that advocates for life-affirming healthcare based on the traditional Hippocratic Oath and focuses on student formation, bioethics, professional support for practitioners, and public advocacy.","start":2091.75,"end":2108.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Executive","start":2091.75,"end":2092.23},{"text":"Director","start":2092.23,"end":2092.79},{"text":"of","start":2092.79,"end":2093.11},{"text":"Canadian","start":2093.11,"end":2093.47},{"text":"Physicians","start":2093.47,"end":2093.87},{"text":"for","start":2093.87,"end":2093.99},{"text":"Life,","start":2093.99,"end":2094.35},{"text":"which","start":2094.35,"end":2094.55},{"text":"is","start":2094.55,"end":2094.67},{"text":"a","start":2094.67,"end":2094.71},{"text":"non-profit","start":2094.71,"end":2095.27},{"text":"organization","start":2095.27,"end":2096.07},{"text":"founded","start":2096.07,"end":2096.47},{"text":"in","start":2096.47,"end":2096.59},{"text":"1975","start":2096.59,"end":2097.67},{"text":"that","start":2097.99,"end":2098.15},{"text":"advocates","start":2098.15,"end":2098.79},{"text":"for","start":2098.79,"end":2098.95},{"text":"life-affirming","start":2098.95,"end":2099.67},{"text":"healthcare","start":2099.67,"end":2100.31},{"text":"based","start":2100.63,"end":2100.87},{"text":"on","start":2100.87,"end":2100.95},{"text":"the","start":2100.95,"end":2101.07},{"text":"traditional","start":2101.07,"end":2101.59},{"text":"Hippocratic","start":2101.59,"end":2102.23},{"text":"Oath","start":2102.23,"end":2102.51},{"text":"and","start":2102.95,"end":2103.19},{"text":"focuses","start":2103.19,"end":2103.75},{"text":"on","start":2103.75,"end":2103.91},{"text":"student","start":2103.91,"end":2104.23},{"text":"formation,","start":2104.23,"end":2104.79},{"text":"bioethics,","start":2104.79,"end":2105.59},{"text":"professional","start":2105.75,"end":2106.31},{"text":"support","start":2106.31,"end":2106.63},{"text":"for","start":2106.63,"end":2106.75},{"text":"practitioners,","start":2106.75,"end":2107.63},{"text":"and","start":2107.63,"end":2107.75},{"text":"public","start":2107.75,"end":2108.07},{"text":"advocacy.","start":2108.07,"end":2108.63}]},{"text":"Dr. Schiele, given your experience, What does adequate medical and end of life care look like for older 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physician-assisted suicide do not become a response to gaps in palliative care or gaps in other forms of social 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like?","start":2221.59,"end":2225.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":2221.59,"end":2222.07},{"text":"this","start":2222.07,"end":2222.31},{"text":"case,","start":2222.31,"end":2222.71},{"text":"we","start":2222.71,"end":2222.87},{"text":"can","start":2222.87,"end":2223.03},{"text":"ask,","start":2223.03,"end":2223.31},{"text":"what","start":2223.31,"end":2223.59},{"text":"does","start":2223.59,"end":2223.83},{"text":"adequate","start":2223.83,"end":2224.31},{"text":"care","start":2224.31,"end":2224.55},{"text":"look","start":2224.55,"end":2224.79},{"text":"like?","start":2224.79,"end":2225.19}]},{"text":"Adequate care begins at the time of a diagnosis of a serious illness.","start":2226.63,"end":2230.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Adequate","start":2226.63,"end":2227.11},{"text":"care","start":2227.11,"end":2227.43},{"text":"begins","start":2227.43,"end":2227.99},{"text":"at","start":2227.99,"end":2228.15},{"text":"the","start":2228.15,"end":2228.27},{"text":"time","start":2228.27,"end":2228.55},{"text":"of","start":2228.55,"end":2228.71},{"text":"a","start":2228.71,"end":2228.75},{"text":"diagnosis","start":2228.75,"end":2229.51},{"text":"of","start":2229.51,"end":2229.59},{"text":"a","start":2229.59,"end":2229.67},{"text":"serious","start":2229.67,"end":2230.23},{"text":"illness.","start":2230.23,"end":2230.87}]},{"text":"It treats pain.","start":2231.43,"end":2232.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2231.43,"end":2231.71},{"text":"treats","start":2231.71,"end":2232.15},{"text":"pain.","start":2232.15,"end":2232.71}]},{"text":"It attends to both the mind and the spirit, as well as the body, and it supports the family.","start":2233.27,"end":2238.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2233.27,"end":2233.43},{"text":"attends","start":2233.43,"end":2233.91},{"text":"to","start":2233.91,"end":2234.03},{"text":"both","start":2234.03,"end":2234.31},{"text":"the","start":2234.31,"end":2234.39},{"text":"mind","start":2234.39,"end":2234.87},{"text":"and","start":2234.87,"end":2234.99},{"text":"the","start":2234.99,"end":2235.07},{"text":"spirit,","start":2235.07,"end":2235.71},{"text":"as","start":2235.71,"end":2235.87},{"text":"well","start":2235.87,"end":2236.07},{"text":"as","start":2236.07,"end":2236.23},{"text":"the","start":2236.23,"end":2236.31},{"text":"body,","start":2236.31,"end":2236.87},{"text":"and","start":2237.43,"end":2237.59},{"text":"it","start":2237.59,"end":2237.67},{"text":"supports","start":2237.67,"end":2238.19},{"text":"the","start":2238.19,"end":2238.31},{"text":"family.","start":2238.31,"end":2238.87}]},{"text":"It helps people live well from the time of diagnosis through to the end.","start":2239.55,"end":2243.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2239.55,"end":2239.67},{"text":"helps","start":2239.67,"end":2239.95},{"text":"people","start":2239.95,"end":2240.39},{"text":"live","start":2240.39,"end":2240.67},{"text":"well","start":2240.67,"end":2240.91},{"text":"from","start":2240.91,"end":2241.15},{"text":"the","start":2241.15,"end":2241.31},{"text":"time","start":2241.31,"end":2241.63},{"text":"of","start":2241.63,"end":2241.71},{"text":"diagnosis","start":2241.71,"end":2242.67},{"text":"through","start":2242.67,"end":2242.91},{"text":"to","start":2242.91,"end":2243.07},{"text":"the","start":2243.07,"end":2243.19},{"text":"end.","start":2243.19,"end":2243.63}]},{"text":"Canada's own framework for palliative care states the aim well, that all Canadians with life-limiting illness should live well until the end of life.","start":2245.07,"end":2253.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada's","start":2245.07,"end":2245.63},{"text":"own","start":2245.63,"end":2245.87},{"text":"framework","start":2245.87,"end":2246.31},{"text":"for","start":2246.31,"end":2246.43},{"text":"palliative","start":2246.43,"end":2246.91},{"text":"care","start":2246.91,"end":2247.15},{"text":"states","start":2247.15,"end":2247.63},{"text":"the","start":2247.63,"end":2247.71},{"text":"aim","start":2247.71,"end":2247.95},{"text":"well,","start":2247.95,"end":2248.43},{"text":"that","start":2248.59,"end":2248.83},{"text":"all","start":2248.83,"end":2248.99},{"text":"Canadians","start":2248.99,"end":2249.79},{"text":"with","start":2250.11,"end":2250.35},{"text":"life-limiting","start":2250.35,"end":2251.15},{"text":"illness","start":2251.15,"end":2251.39},{"text":"should","start":2251.39,"end":2251.67},{"text":"live","start":2251.67,"end":2251.95},{"text":"well","start":2251.95,"end":2252.35},{"text":"until","start":2252.67,"end":2252.99},{"text":"the","start":2252.99,"end":2253.11},{"text":"end","start":2253.11,"end":2253.31},{"text":"of","start":2253.31,"end":2253.47},{"text":"life.","start":2253.47,"end":2253.95}]},{"text":"In practice, this would mean that Mrs. B's palliative care would begin when her illness is diagnosed, not in her final days.","start":2255.15,"end":2262.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2255.15,"end":2255.31},{"text":"practice,","start":2255.31,"end":2255.87},{"text":"this","start":2255.87,"end":2256.07},{"text":"would","start":2256.07,"end":2256.27},{"text":"mean","start":2256.27,"end":2256.51},{"text":"that","start":2256.51,"end":2256.67},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2256.67,"end":2257.07},{"text":"B's","start":2257.07,"end":2257.39},{"text":"palliative","start":2257.39,"end":2257.87},{"text":"care","start":2257.87,"end":2258.35},{"text":"would","start":2258.59,"end":2258.75},{"text":"begin","start":2258.75,"end":2259.23},{"text":"when","start":2259.23,"end":2259.63},{"text":"her","start":2259.63,"end":2259.79},{"text":"illness","start":2259.79,"end":2260.11},{"text":"is","start":2260.11,"end":2260.27},{"text":"diagnosed,","start":2260.27,"end":2261.15},{"text":"not","start":2261.23,"end":2261.55},{"text":"in","start":2261.55,"end":2261.63},{"text":"her","start":2261.63,"end":2261.79},{"text":"final","start":2261.79,"end":2262.19},{"text":"days.","start":2262.19,"end":2262.75}]},{"text":"Early palliative care improves quality of life for the person and their loved ones.","start":2263.71,"end":2268.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Early","start":2263.71,"end":2264.03},{"text":"palliative","start":2264.03,"end":2264.59},{"text":"care","start":2264.59,"end":2264.91},{"text":"improves","start":2264.91,"end":2265.39},{"text":"quality","start":2265.39,"end":2265.87},{"text":"of","start":2265.87,"end":2265.95},{"text":"life","start":2265.95,"end":2266.31},{"text":"for","start":2266.31,"end":2266.43},{"text":"the","start":2266.43,"end":2266.55},{"text":"person","start":2266.55,"end":2267.07},{"text":"and","start":2267.07,"end":2267.27},{"text":"their","start":2267.27,"end":2267.47},{"text":"loved","start":2267.47,"end":2267.71},{"text":"ones.","start":2267.71,"end":2268.19}]},{"text":"reduces caregiver distress, provides more goal-concordant care, reduces unnecessary aggressive interventions and hospitalizations, and reduces healthcare costs.","start":2269.03,"end":2280.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"reduces","start":2269.03,"end":2269.47},{"text":"caregiver","start":2269.47,"end":2269.95},{"text":"distress,","start":2269.95,"end":2270.75},{"text":"provides","start":2271.39,"end":2271.95},{"text":"more","start":2271.95,"end":2272.19},{"text":"goal-concordant","start":2272.19,"end":2273.31},{"text":"care,","start":2273.31,"end":2273.79},{"text":"reduces","start":2274.43,"end":2275.15},{"text":"unnecessary","start":2275.15,"end":2276.03},{"text":"aggressive","start":2276.03,"end":2276.51},{"text":"interventions","start":2276.51,"end":2277.23},{"text":"and","start":2277.23,"end":2277.35},{"text":"hospitalizations,","start":2277.35,"end":2278.59},{"text":"and","start":2279.15,"end":2279.31},{"text":"reduces","start":2279.31,"end":2279.79},{"text":"healthcare","start":2279.79,"end":2280.19},{"text":"costs.","start":2280.19,"end":2280.83}]},{"text":"We know early palliative care improves quality of life.","start":2281.63,"end":2284.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2281.63,"end":2281.79},{"text":"know","start":2281.79,"end":2282.03},{"text":"early","start":2282.03,"end":2282.43},{"text":"palliative","start":2282.43,"end":2282.91},{"text":"care","start":2282.91,"end":2283.23},{"text":"improves","start":2283.23,"end":2283.71},{"text":"quality","start":2283.71,"end":2284.15},{"text":"of","start":2284.15,"end":2284.27},{"text":"life.","start":2284.27,"end":2284.75}]},{"text":"Her pain would be treated.","start":2286.19,"end":2287.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Her","start":2286.19,"end":2286.43},{"text":"pain","start":2286.43,"end":2286.79},{"text":"would","start":2286.79,"end":2286.95},{"text":"be","start":2286.95,"end":2287.07},{"text":"treated.","start":2287.07,"end":2287.71}]},{"text":"We would have an adequate number of pain specialists.","start":2288.35,"end":2291.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2288.35,"end":2288.55},{"text":"would","start":2288.55,"end":2288.71},{"text":"have","start":2288.71,"end":2288.87},{"text":"an","start":2288.87,"end":2289.07},{"text":"adequate","start":2289.07,"end":2289.55},{"text":"number","start":2289.55,"end":2289.83},{"text":"of","start":2289.83,"end":2289.95},{"text":"pain","start":2289.95,"end":2290.19},{"text":"specialists.","start":2290.19,"end":2291.07}]},{"text":"In Canada, currently, we have one pain specialist per 35,000 patients with chronic pain.","start":2291.31,"end":2298.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2291.31,"end":2291.55},{"text":"Canada,","start":2291.55,"end":2292.03},{"text":"currently,","start":2292.03,"end":2292.43},{"text":"we","start":2292.43,"end":2292.59},{"text":"have","start":2292.59,"end":2292.91},{"text":"one","start":2292.91,"end":2293.31},{"text":"pain","start":2293.31,"end":2293.55},{"text":"specialist","start":2293.55,"end":2294.23},{"text":"per","start":2295.03,"end":2295.35},{"text":"35,000","start":2295.35,"end":2297.19},{"text":"patients","start":2297.19,"end":2297.67},{"text":"with","start":2297.67,"end":2297.83},{"text":"chronic","start":2297.83,"end":2298.31},{"text":"pain.","start":2298.31,"end":2298.71}]},{"text":"This is clearly inadequate.","start":2299.19,"end":2300.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2299.19,"end":2299.31},{"text":"is","start":2299.31,"end":2299.43},{"text":"clearly","start":2299.43,"end":2299.91},{"text":"inadequate.","start":2299.91,"end":2300.63}]},{"text":"Her doctors would speak to her directly, discussing her goals of care and seeking her consent directly.","start":2302.39,"end":2308.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Her","start":2302.39,"end":2302.55},{"text":"doctors","start":2302.55,"end":2303.03},{"text":"would","start":2303.03,"end":2303.19},{"text":"speak","start":2303.19,"end":2303.43},{"text":"to","start":2303.43,"end":2303.55},{"text":"her","start":2303.55,"end":2303.75},{"text":"directly,","start":2303.75,"end":2304.47},{"text":"discussing","start":2304.59,"end":2305.19},{"text":"her","start":2305.19,"end":2305.35},{"text":"goals","start":2305.35,"end":2305.67},{"text":"of","start":2305.67,"end":2305.75},{"text":"care","start":2305.75,"end":2306.03},{"text":"and","start":2306.03,"end":2306.15},{"text":"seeking","start":2306.15,"end":2306.55},{"text":"her","start":2306.55,"end":2306.71},{"text":"consent","start":2306.71,"end":2307.51},{"text":"directly.","start":2307.75,"end":2308.39}]},{"text":"In the case of Mrs. B, the first assessor wanted to visit the next day to explore why she had changed her mind.","start":2309.03,"end":2315.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2309.03,"end":2309.15},{"text":"the","start":2309.15,"end":2309.27},{"text":"case","start":2309.27,"end":2309.59},{"text":"of","start":2309.59,"end":2309.67},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2309.67,"end":2309.99},{"text":"B,","start":2309.99,"end":2310.23},{"text":"the","start":2310.23,"end":2310.31},{"text":"first","start":2310.31,"end":2310.63},{"text":"assessor","start":2310.63,"end":2311.19},{"text":"wanted","start":2311.19,"end":2311.47},{"text":"to","start":2311.47,"end":2311.59},{"text":"visit","start":2311.59,"end":2311.99},{"text":"the","start":2311.99,"end":2312.07},{"text":"next","start":2312.07,"end":2312.43},{"text":"day","start":2312.43,"end":2312.79},{"text":"to","start":2313.03,"end":2313.23},{"text":"explore","start":2313.23,"end":2313.67},{"text":"why","start":2313.67,"end":2313.83},{"text":"she","start":2313.83,"end":2314.03},{"text":"had","start":2314.03,"end":2314.15},{"text":"changed","start":2314.15,"end":2314.51},{"text":"her","start":2314.51,"end":2314.63},{"text":"mind.","start":2314.63,"end":2315.19}]},{"text":"The second assessor declined that assessor's involvement and found a third assessor to approve her.","start":2315.91,"end":2322.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2315.91,"end":2316.07},{"text":"second","start":2316.07,"end":2316.39},{"text":"assessor","start":2316.39,"end":2317.03},{"text":"declined","start":2317.03,"end":2317.83},{"text":"that","start":2317.83,"end":2318.15},{"text":"assessor's","start":2318.15,"end":2318.67},{"text":"involvement","start":2318.67,"end":2319.51},{"text":"and","start":2319.91,"end":2320.07},{"text":"found","start":2320.07,"end":2320.35},{"text":"a","start":2320.35,"end":2320.39},{"text":"third","start":2320.39,"end":2320.79},{"text":"assessor","start":2320.79,"end":2321.35},{"text":"to","start":2321.35,"end":2321.51},{"text":"approve","start":2321.51,"end":2321.95},{"text":"her.","start":2321.95,"end":2322.23}]},{"text":"In Canada, virtual assessments over the phone or Zoom for euthanasia are not an anomaly.","start":2323.27,"end":2329.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2323.27,"end":2323.43},{"text":"Canada,","start":2323.43,"end":2323.91},{"text":"virtual","start":2323.91,"end":2324.43},{"text":"assessments","start":2324.43,"end":2325.03},{"text":"over","start":2325.03,"end":2325.27},{"text":"the","start":2325.27,"end":2325.35},{"text":"phone","start":2325.35,"end":2325.99},{"text":"or","start":2325.99,"end":2326.15},{"text":"Zoom","start":2326.15,"end":2326.71},{"text":"for","start":2326.71,"end":2326.95},{"text":"euthanasia","start":2326.95,"end":2327.75},{"text":"are","start":2327.99,"end":2328.15},{"text":"not","start":2328.15,"end":2328.59},{"text":"an","start":2328.59,"end":2328.71},{"text":"anomaly.","start":2328.71,"end":2329.35}]},{"text":"They have been built into the practice standards.","start":2329.75,"end":2332.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2329.75,"end":2329.91},{"text":"have","start":2329.91,"end":2330.03},{"text":"been","start":2330.03,"end":2330.23},{"text":"built","start":2330.23,"end":2330.55},{"text":"into","start":2330.55,"end":2330.87},{"text":"the","start":2330.87,"end":2330.99},{"text":"practice","start":2330.99,"end":2331.47},{"text":"standards.","start":2331.47,"end":2332.15}]},{"text":"A health care professional would ask her about her mood and her grief.","start":2333.75,"end":2336.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2333.75,"end":2333.79},{"text":"health","start":2333.79,"end":2334.07},{"text":"care","start":2334.07,"end":2334.27},{"text":"professional","start":2334.27,"end":2334.87},{"text":"would","start":2334.87,"end":2335.03},{"text":"ask","start":2335.03,"end":2335.35},{"text":"her","start":2335.35,"end":2335.47},{"text":"about","start":2335.47,"end":2335.75},{"text":"her","start":2335.75,"end":2335.91},{"text":"mood","start":2335.91,"end":2336.19},{"text":"and","start":2336.19,"end":2336.31},{"text":"her","start":2336.31,"end":2336.47},{"text":"grief.","start":2336.47,"end":2336.95}]},{"text":"Canada's national guideline says depression in later life is common, often undiagnosed and often untreated.","start":2337.91,"end":2344.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada's","start":2337.91,"end":2338.47},{"text":"national","start":2338.47,"end":2338.87},{"text":"guideline","start":2338.87,"end":2339.43},{"text":"says","start":2339.43,"end":2339.59},{"text":"depression","start":2339.59,"end":2340.11},{"text":"in","start":2340.11,"end":2340.23},{"text":"later","start":2340.23,"end":2340.55},{"text":"life","start":2340.55,"end":2340.79},{"text":"is","start":2340.79,"end":2340.95},{"text":"common,","start":2340.95,"end":2341.51},{"text":"often","start":2342.07,"end":2342.55},{"text":"undiagnosed","start":2342.55,"end":2343.51},{"text":"and","start":2343.51,"end":2343.71},{"text":"often","start":2343.71,"end":2344.23},{"text":"untreated.","start":2344.23,"end":2344.95}]},{"text":"It also says older patients respond to treatment as well as younger ones.","start":2346.07,"end":2349.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2346.07,"end":2346.23},{"text":"also","start":2346.23,"end":2346.55},{"text":"says","start":2346.55,"end":2346.87},{"text":"older","start":2346.87,"end":2347.19},{"text":"patients","start":2347.19,"end":2347.75},{"text":"respond","start":2347.75,"end":2348.19},{"text":"to","start":2348.19,"end":2348.27},{"text":"treatment","start":2348.27,"end":2348.71},{"text":"as","start":2348.71,"end":2348.87},{"text":"well","start":2348.87,"end":2349.07},{"text":"as","start":2349.07,"end":2349.19},{"text":"younger","start":2349.19,"end":2349.55},{"text":"ones.","start":2349.55,"end":2349.99}]},{"text":"And we know among people newly widowed, more than one in three is depressed in the first month.","start":2350.35,"end":2355.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2350.35,"end":2350.55},{"text":"we","start":2350.55,"end":2350.63},{"text":"know","start":2350.63,"end":2350.91},{"text":"among","start":2350.91,"end":2351.19},{"text":"people","start":2351.19,"end":2351.51},{"text":"newly","start":2351.51,"end":2351.91},{"text":"widowed,","start":2351.91,"end":2352.47},{"text":"more","start":2352.71,"end":2352.95},{"text":"than","start":2352.95,"end":2353.19},{"text":"one","start":2353.19,"end":2353.39},{"text":"in","start":2353.39,"end":2353.51},{"text":"three","start":2353.51,"end":2353.91},{"text":"is","start":2353.91,"end":2354.07},{"text":"depressed","start":2354.07,"end":2354.71},{"text":"in","start":2354.71,"end":2354.79},{"text":"the","start":2354.79,"end":2354.91},{"text":"first","start":2354.91,"end":2355.27},{"text":"month.","start":2355.27,"end":2355.59}]},{"text":"Depression is highly associated with the desire to die.","start":2356.71,"end":2359.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Depression","start":2356.71,"end":2357.27},{"text":"is","start":2357.27,"end":2357.43},{"text":"highly","start":2357.43,"end":2357.83},{"text":"associated","start":2357.83,"end":2358.47},{"text":"with","start":2358.47,"end":2358.67},{"text":"the","start":2358.67,"end":2358.75},{"text":"desire","start":2358.75,"end":2359.19},{"text":"to","start":2359.19,"end":2359.35},{"text":"die.","start":2359.35,"end":2359.75}]},{"text":"Adequate care notices sorrow and treats it.","start":2361.27,"end":2363.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Adequate","start":2361.27,"end":2361.79},{"text":"care","start":2361.79,"end":2362.15},{"text":"notices","start":2362.15,"end":2362.63},{"text":"sorrow","start":2362.63,"end":2363.27},{"text":"and","start":2363.27,"end":2363.43},{"text":"treats","start":2363.43,"end":2363.83},{"text":"it.","start":2363.83,"end":2363.99}]},{"text":"Help would come to her home, especially if she lives alone.","start":2365.83,"end":2368.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Help","start":2365.83,"end":2366.23},{"text":"would","start":2366.23,"end":2366.39},{"text":"come","start":2366.39,"end":2366.63},{"text":"to","start":2366.63,"end":2366.75},{"text":"her","start":2366.75,"end":2366.95},{"text":"home,","start":2366.95,"end":2367.35},{"text":"especially","start":2367.35,"end":2367.87},{"text":"if","start":2367.87,"end":2367.95},{"text":"she","start":2367.95,"end":2368.15},{"text":"lives","start":2368.15,"end":2368.43},{"text":"alone.","start":2368.43,"end":2368.87}]},{"text":"Community supports would be diverse in scope and rich in relationships, and her income would be enough to live on.","start":2369.59,"end":2375.83,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social 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out.","start":2385.63,"end":2389.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2385.63,"end":2385.79},{"text":"the","start":2385.79,"end":2385.91},{"text":"case","start":2385.91,"end":2386.23},{"text":"of","start":2386.23,"end":2386.35},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2386.35,"end":2386.75},{"text":"B,","start":2386.75,"end":2386.99},{"text":"her","start":2386.99,"end":2387.23},{"text":"husband","start":2387.23,"end":2387.63},{"text":"was","start":2387.63,"end":2387.79},{"text":"visibly","start":2387.79,"end":2388.35},{"text":"burnt","start":2388.35,"end":2388.75},{"text":"out.","start":2388.75,"end":2389.15}]},{"text":"Where was his support and respite?","start":2389.75,"end":2391.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":2389.75,"end":2390.11},{"text":"was","start":2390.11,"end":2390.27},{"text":"his","start":2390.27,"end":2390.47},{"text":"support","start":2390.47,"end":2391.07},{"text":"and","start":2391.07,"end":2391.23},{"text":"respite?","start":2391.23,"end":2391.71}]},{"text":"She 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the case of Mrs. B, her husband sat in on all her assessments.","start":2405.87,"end":2409.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2405.87,"end":2406.03},{"text":"the","start":2406.03,"end":2406.11},{"text":"case","start":2406.11,"end":2406.39},{"text":"of","start":2406.39,"end":2406.51},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2406.51,"end":2406.83},{"text":"B,","start":2406.83,"end":2407.07},{"text":"her","start":2407.07,"end":2407.31},{"text":"husband","start":2407.31,"end":2407.83},{"text":"sat","start":2407.83,"end":2408.19},{"text":"in","start":2408.19,"end":2408.51},{"text":"on","start":2408.51,"end":2408.67},{"text":"all","start":2408.67,"end":2408.91},{"text":"her","start":2408.91,"end":2409.11},{"text":"assessments.","start":2409.11,"end":2409.87}]},{"text":"Families are an important support system, but assessors have to be sensitive to family dynamics.","start":2410.87,"end":2415.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Families","start":2410.87,"end":2411.35},{"text":"are","start":2411.35,"end":2411.47},{"text":"an","start":2411.47,"end":2411.59},{"text":"important","start":2411.59,"end":2411.99},{"text":"support","start":2411.99,"end":2412.47},{"text":"system,","start":2412.47,"end":2412.79},{"text":"but","start":2412.79,"end":2412.95},{"text":"assessors","start":2412.95,"end":2413.51},{"text":"have","start":2413.51,"end":2413.67},{"text":"to","start":2413.67,"end":2413.79},{"text":"be","start":2413.79,"end":2413.91},{"text":"sensitive","start":2413.91,"end":2414.47},{"text":"to","start":2414.47,"end":2414.55},{"text":"family","start":2414.55,"end":2414.99},{"text":"dynamics.","start":2414.99,"end":2415.83}]},{"text":"Did she choose to die because he was at the end of his rope?","start":2416.55,"end":2419.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Did","start":2416.55,"end":2416.75},{"text":"she","start":2416.75,"end":2417.03},{"text":"choose","start":2417.03,"end":2417.43},{"text":"to","start":2417.43,"end":2417.71},{"text":"die","start":2417.71,"end":2417.99},{"text":"because","start":2417.99,"end":2418.39},{"text":"he","start":2418.39,"end":2418.55},{"text":"was","start":2418.55,"end":2418.75},{"text":"at","start":2418.75,"end":2418.87},{"text":"the","start":2418.87,"end":2418.95},{"text":"end","start":2419.03,"end":2419.27},{"text":"of","start":2419.27,"end":2419.39},{"text":"his","start":2419.39,"end":2419.59},{"text":"rope?","start":2419.59,"end":2419.99}]},{"text":"And finally, no one should let her believe she is a burden.","start":2422.27,"end":2424.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2422.27,"end":2422.47},{"text":"finally,","start":2422.47,"end":2422.87},{"text":"no","start":2422.87,"end":2423.07},{"text":"one","start":2423.07,"end":2423.27},{"text":"should","start":2423.27,"end":2423.39},{"text":"let","start":2423.39,"end":2423.59},{"text":"her","start":2423.59,"end":2423.75},{"text":"believe","start":2423.75,"end":2424.03},{"text":"she","start":2424.03,"end":2424.23},{"text":"is","start":2424.23,"end":2424.39},{"text":"a","start":2424.39,"end":2424.47},{"text":"burden.","start":2424.47,"end":2424.95}]},{"text":"She is valued for who she is, not for what she does.","start":2425.43,"end":2429.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"She","start":2425.43,"end":2425.67},{"text":"is","start":2425.67,"end":2425.83},{"text":"valued","start":2425.83,"end":2426.39},{"text":"for","start":2426.39,"end":2426.55},{"text":"who","start":2426.55,"end":2426.71},{"text":"she","start":2426.71,"end":2427.03},{"text":"is,","start":2427.03,"end":2427.51},{"text":"not","start":2427.83,"end":2428.23},{"text":"for","start":2428.23,"end":2428.47},{"text":"what","start":2428.47,"end":2428.79},{"text":"she","start":2428.79,"end":2428.95},{"text":"does.","start":2428.95,"end":2429.59}]},{"text":"Canada has adopted this standard on paper, but falls short in delivery.","start":2431.11,"end":2435.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":2431.11,"end":2431.55},{"text":"has","start":2431.55,"end":2431.91},{"text":"adopted","start":2431.91,"end":2432.51},{"text":"this","start":2432.51,"end":2432.67},{"text":"standard","start":2432.67,"end":2433.11},{"text":"on","start":2433.11,"end":2433.19},{"text":"paper,","start":2433.19,"end":2433.59},{"text":"but","start":2433.59,"end":2433.83},{"text":"falls","start":2433.83,"end":2434.11},{"text":"short","start":2434.11,"end":2434.55},{"text":"in","start":2434.55,"end":2434.67},{"text":"delivery.","start":2434.67,"end":2435.35}]},{"text":"Three gaps are worth highlighting.","start":2436.07,"end":2437.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Three","start":2436.07,"end":2436.39},{"text":"gaps","start":2436.39,"end":2436.79},{"text":"are","start":2436.79,"end":2436.91},{"text":"worth","start":2436.91,"end":2437.11},{"text":"highlighting.","start":2437.11,"end":2437.83}]},{"text":"First, care comes 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four had received palliative care, and over half said they felt like they were a burden.","start":2503.11,"end":2509.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fewer","start":2503.11,"end":2503.59},{"text":"than","start":2503.59,"end":2503.83},{"text":"one","start":2503.83,"end":2504.07},{"text":"in","start":2504.07,"end":2504.23},{"text":"four","start":2504.23,"end":2504.63},{"text":"had","start":2504.63,"end":2504.79},{"text":"received","start":2504.79,"end":2505.19},{"text":"palliative","start":2505.19,"end":2505.75},{"text":"care,","start":2505.75,"end":2506.15},{"text":"and","start":2506.55,"end":2506.71},{"text":"over","start":2506.71,"end":2507.03},{"text":"half","start":2507.03,"end":2507.51},{"text":"said","start":2507.51,"end":2507.79},{"text":"they","start":2507.79,"end":2507.91},{"text":"felt","start":2507.91,"end":2508.15},{"text":"like","start":2508.15,"end":2508.39},{"text":"they","start":2508.39,"end":2508.55},{"text":"were","start":2508.55,"end":2508.87},{"text":"a","start":2508.87,"end":2508.91},{"text":"burden.","start":2508.91,"end":2509.35}]},{"text":"So how do we ensure that administering death does not become the substitute for adequate care?","start":2510.95,"end":2515.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2510.95,"end":2511.11},{"text":"how","start":2511.11,"end":2511.35},{"text":"do","start":2511.35,"end":2511.47},{"text":"we","start":2511.47,"end":2511.55},{"text":"ensure","start":2511.55,"end":2511.91},{"text":"that","start":2511.91,"end":2512.07},{"text":"administering","start":2512.07,"end":2512.79},{"text":"death","start":2512.79,"end":2513.19},{"text":"does","start":2513.19,"end":2513.43},{"text":"not","start":2513.43,"end":2513.67},{"text":"become","start":2513.67,"end":2514.03},{"text":"the","start":2514.03,"end":2514.15},{"text":"substitute","start":2514.15,"end":2514.79},{"text":"for","start":2514.79,"end":2514.95},{"text":"adequate","start":2514.95,"end":2515.35},{"text":"care?","start":2515.35,"end":2515.83}]},{"text":"Change has to occur both within the legal framework, but also within civil society.","start":2516.71,"end":2521.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Change","start":2516.71,"end":2517.11},{"text":"has","start":2517.11,"end":2517.27},{"text":"to","start":2517.27,"end":2517.47},{"text":"occur","start":2517.47,"end":2517.87},{"text":"both","start":2517.87,"end":2518.15},{"text":"within","start":2518.15,"end":2518.55},{"text":"the","start":2518.55,"end":2518.67},{"text":"legal","start":2518.67,"end":2518.95},{"text":"framework,","start":2518.95,"end":2519.51},{"text":"but","start":2519.51,"end":2519.67},{"text":"also","start":2519.67,"end":2519.99},{"text":"within","start":2519.99,"end":2520.31},{"text":"civil","start":2520.31,"end":2520.63},{"text":"society.","start":2520.63,"end":2521.43}]},{"text":"Governments must empower civil society to act, encourage citizens to bring their creativity and initiative to bear on this challenge, encourage a diversity of approaches.","start":2522.23,"end":2533.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Governments","start":2522.23,"end":2522.79},{"text":"must","start":2522.79,"end":2523.07},{"text":"empower","start":2523.07,"end":2523.75},{"text":"civil","start":2523.75,"end":2524.15},{"text":"society","start":2524.15,"end":2524.83},{"text":"to","start":2524.83,"end":2524.91},{"text":"act,","start":2524.91,"end":2525.35},{"text":"encourage","start":2526.59,"end":2527.03},{"text":"citizens","start":2527.03,"end":2527.51},{"text":"to","start":2527.51,"end":2527.63},{"text":"bring","start":2527.63,"end":2527.83},{"text":"their","start":2527.83,"end":2527.99},{"text":"creativity","start":2527.99,"end":2528.79},{"text":"and","start":2528.79,"end":2528.95},{"text":"initiative","start":2528.95,"end":2529.51},{"text":"to","start":2529.51,"end":2529.59},{"text":"bear","start":2529.59,"end":2529.87},{"text":"on","start":2529.87,"end":2529.95},{"text":"this","start":2529.95,"end":2530.15},{"text":"challenge,","start":2530.15,"end":2530.87},{"text":"encourage","start":2531.11,"end":2531.67},{"text":"a","start":2531.67,"end":2531.75},{"text":"diversity","start":2531.75,"end":2532.35},{"text":"of","start":2532.35,"end":2532.47},{"text":"approaches.","start":2532.47,"end":2533.27}]},{"text":"It is important to allow euthanasia-free spaces to exist within the healthcare system and to respect religion's role in providing care to those with serious illness through to the end of life.","start":2533.91,"end":2545.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2533.91,"end":2533.99},{"text":"is","start":2533.99,"end":2534.15},{"text":"important","start":2534.15,"end":2534.63},{"text":"to","start":2534.63,"end":2534.75},{"text":"allow","start":2534.75,"end":2535.03},{"text":"euthanasia-free","start":2535.03,"end":2536.07},{"text":"spaces","start":2536.07,"end":2536.63},{"text":"to","start":2536.63,"end":2536.83},{"text":"exist","start":2536.83,"end":2537.51},{"text":"within","start":2537.51,"end":2537.99},{"text":"the","start":2537.99,"end":2538.11},{"text":"healthcare","start":2538.11,"end":2538.55},{"text":"system","start":2538.55,"end":2539.11},{"text":"and","start":2539.59,"end":2539.83},{"text":"to","start":2539.83,"end":2539.95},{"text":"respect","start":2539.95,"end":2540.55},{"text":"religion's","start":2540.55,"end":2541.11},{"text":"role","start":2541.11,"end":2541.35},{"text":"in","start":2541.35,"end":2541.43},{"text":"providing","start":2541.43,"end":2541.91},{"text":"care","start":2541.91,"end":2542.23},{"text":"to","start":2542.23,"end":2542.31},{"text":"those","start":2542.31,"end":2542.63},{"text":"with","start":2542.63,"end":2542.75},{"text":"serious","start":2542.75,"end":2543.27},{"text":"illness","start":2543.27,"end":2543.75},{"text":"through","start":2543.99,"end":2544.23},{"text":"to","start":2544.23,"end":2544.31},{"text":"the","start":2544.31,"end":2544.43},{"text":"end","start":2544.43,"end":2544.63},{"text":"of","start":2544.63,"end":2544.71},{"text":"life.","start":2544.71,"end":2545.27}]},{"text":"Legal changes also make a difference, and I offer four measures.","start":2546.07,"end":2549.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Legal","start":2546.07,"end":2546.47},{"text":"changes","start":2546.47,"end":2547.03},{"text":"also","start":2547.03,"end":2547.35},{"text":"make","start":2547.35,"end":2547.55},{"text":"a","start":2547.55,"end":2547.59},{"text":"difference,","start":2547.59,"end":2548.15},{"text":"and","start":2548.15,"end":2548.39},{"text":"I","start":2548.39,"end":2548.47},{"text":"offer","start":2548.47,"end":2548.87},{"text":"four","start":2548.87,"end":2549.35},{"text":"measures.","start":2549.35,"end":2549.99}]},{"text":"The first is guarantee care first, not death.","start":2550.91,"end":2554.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2550.91,"end":2550.95},{"text":"first","start":2550.95,"end":2551.39},{"text":"is","start":2551.39,"end":2551.55},{"text":"guarantee","start":2551.55,"end":2552.11},{"text":"care","start":2552.11,"end":2552.67},{"text":"first,","start":2552.67,"end":2553.31},{"text":"not","start":2553.31,"end":2553.63},{"text":"death.","start":2553.63,"end":2554.11}]},{"text":"In Canada, the requirement is that the person be told about the means to relieve her suffering.","start":2554.91,"end":2560.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2554.91,"end":2555.07},{"text":"Canada,","start":2555.07,"end":2555.55},{"text":"the","start":2555.55,"end":2555.63},{"text":"requirement","start":2555.63,"end":2556.27},{"text":"is","start":2556.27,"end":2556.43},{"text":"that","start":2556.43,"end":2556.59},{"text":"the","start":2556.59,"end":2556.67},{"text":"person","start":2556.67,"end":2557.07},{"text":"be","start":2557.07,"end":2557.23},{"text":"told","start":2557.23,"end":2557.87},{"text":"about","start":2558.03,"end":2558.35},{"text":"the","start":2558.35,"end":2558.47},{"text":"means","start":2558.47,"end":2558.83},{"text":"to","start":2558.83,"end":2558.91},{"text":"relieve","start":2558.91,"end":2559.31},{"text":"her","start":2559.31,"end":2559.55},{"text":"suffering.","start":2559.55,"end":2560.11}]},{"text":"It does not require that those means be available to her.","start":2560.75,"end":2563.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2560.75,"end":2560.87},{"text":"does","start":2560.87,"end":2561.15},{"text":"not","start":2561.15,"end":2561.39},{"text":"require","start":2561.39,"end":2561.87},{"text":"that","start":2561.87,"end":2562.11},{"text":"those","start":2562.11,"end":2562.35},{"text":"means","start":2562.35,"end":2562.67},{"text":"be","start":2562.67,"end":2562.75},{"text":"available","start":2562.75,"end":2563.31},{"text":"to","start":2563.31,"end":2563.55},{"text":"her.","start":2563.55,"end":2563.95}]},{"text":"An offer of care must be real.","start":2564.91,"end":2566.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"An","start":2564.91,"end":2565.07},{"text":"offer","start":2565.07,"end":2565.43},{"text":"of","start":2565.43,"end":2565.55},{"text":"care","start":2565.55,"end":2565.79},{"text":"must","start":2565.79,"end":2565.99},{"text":"be","start":2565.99,"end":2566.11},{"text":"real.","start":2566.11,"end":2566.67}]},{"text":"And where the care she asks for is refused, as happened with Mrs. B, other options should be made available before her request for death is processed.","start":2567.39,"end":2576.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2567.39,"end":2567.51},{"text":"where","start":2567.51,"end":2567.71},{"text":"the","start":2567.71,"end":2567.79},{"text":"care","start":2567.79,"end":2568.19},{"text":"she","start":2568.19,"end":2568.67},{"text":"asks","start":2568.67,"end":2569.07},{"text":"for","start":2569.07,"end":2569.27},{"text":"is","start":2569.27,"end":2569.39},{"text":"refused,","start":2569.39,"end":2569.95},{"text":"as","start":2569.95,"end":2570.11},{"text":"happened","start":2570.11,"end":2570.43},{"text":"with","start":2570.43,"end":2570.59},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2570.59,"end":2570.99},{"text":"B,","start":2570.99,"end":2571.39},{"text":"other","start":2571.79,"end":2572.11},{"text":"options","start":2572.11,"end":2572.59},{"text":"should","start":2572.59,"end":2572.75},{"text":"be","start":2572.75,"end":2572.91},{"text":"made","start":2572.91,"end":2573.23},{"text":"available","start":2573.23,"end":2573.95},{"text":"before","start":2573.95,"end":2574.43},{"text":"her","start":2574.43,"end":2574.55},{"text":"request","start":2574.55,"end":2575.07},{"text":"for","start":2575.07,"end":2575.23},{"text":"death","start":2575.23,"end":2575.55},{"text":"is","start":2575.55,"end":2575.71},{"text":"processed.","start":2575.71,"end":2576.43}]},{"text":"Two, assess her circumstances, not only her capacity.","start":2577.83,"end":2581.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Two,","start":2577.83,"end":2578.07},{"text":"assess","start":2578.07,"end":2578.47},{"text":"her","start":2578.47,"end":2578.71},{"text":"circumstances,","start":2578.71,"end":2579.67},{"text":"not","start":2579.67,"end":2579.99},{"text":"only","start":2579.99,"end":2580.31},{"text":"her","start":2580.31,"end":2580.47},{"text":"capacity.","start":2580.47,"end":2581.27}]},{"text":"The coroner's committee, after examining Mrs. B's situation, asked assessors to consider caregiver burnout and the loss of home supports.","start":2582.07,"end":2590.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2582.07,"end":2582.23},{"text":"coroner's","start":2582.23,"end":2582.87},{"text":"committee,","start":2582.87,"end":2583.27},{"text":"after","start":2583.27,"end":2583.71},{"text":"examining","start":2583.71,"end":2584.19},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2584.19,"end":2584.55},{"text":"B's","start":2584.55,"end":2584.87},{"text":"situation,","start":2584.87,"end":2585.67},{"text":"asked","start":2585.99,"end":2586.47},{"text":"assessors","start":2586.47,"end":2587.03},{"text":"to","start":2587.03,"end":2587.15},{"text":"consider","start":2587.15,"end":2587.67},{"text":"caregiver","start":2587.67,"end":2588.23},{"text":"burnout","start":2588.23,"end":2588.71},{"text":"and","start":2588.79,"end":2588.95},{"text":"the","start":2588.95,"end":2589.03},{"text":"loss","start":2589.03,"end":2589.35},{"text":"of","start":2589.35,"end":2589.43},{"text":"home","start":2589.43,"end":2589.67},{"text":"supports.","start":2589.67,"end":2590.39}]},{"text":"It asked that hospice criteria take account of an exhausted caregiver.","start":2591.19,"end":2595.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2591.19,"end":2591.35},{"text":"asked","start":2591.35,"end":2591.63},{"text":"that","start":2591.63,"end":2591.75},{"text":"hospice","start":2591.75,"end":2592.23},{"text":"criteria","start":2592.23,"end":2592.91},{"text":"take","start":2592.91,"end":2593.27},{"text":"account","start":2593.27,"end":2593.75},{"text":"of","start":2593.75,"end":2593.83},{"text":"an","start":2593.83,"end":2593.91},{"text":"exhausted","start":2593.91,"end":2594.51},{"text":"caregiver.","start":2594.51,"end":2595.19}]},{"text":"Circumstances can push vulnerable people into choosing death when they would prefer to live.","start":2596.07,"end":2601.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Circumstances","start":2596.07,"end":2597.11},{"text":"can","start":2597.11,"end":2597.35},{"text":"push","start":2597.35,"end":2597.83},{"text":"vulnerable","start":2597.83,"end":2598.39},{"text":"people","start":2598.39,"end":2598.79},{"text":"into","start":2598.79,"end":2599.11},{"text":"choosing","start":2599.11,"end":2599.59},{"text":"death","start":2599.59,"end":2599.99},{"text":"when","start":2600.27,"end":2600.47},{"text":"they","start":2600.47,"end":2600.63},{"text":"would","start":2600.63,"end":2600.79},{"text":"prefer","start":2600.79,"end":2601.15},{"text":"to","start":2601.15,"end":2601.23},{"text":"live.","start":2601.23,"end":2601.75}]},{"text":"And three, the clinician must never be the one to suggest 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rule.","start":2614.03,"end":2616.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2614.03,"end":2614.15},{"text":"Australian","start":2614.15,"end":2614.67},{"text":"state","start":2614.67,"end":2614.87},{"text":"of","start":2614.87,"end":2614.95},{"text":"Victoria","start":2614.95,"end":2615.39},{"text":"has","start":2615.39,"end":2615.63},{"text":"the","start":2615.63,"end":2615.71},{"text":"same","start":2615.71,"end":2616.03},{"text":"rule.","start":2616.03,"end":2616.51}]},{"text":"In Canada, it is common and expected for physicians to raise euthanasia 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Canadian MP shared in Parliament last week that her brother was offered euthanasia six times while he was in 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said it felt relentless.","start":2640.03,"end":2641.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"She","start":2640.03,"end":2640.19},{"text":"said","start":2640.19,"end":2640.59},{"text":"it","start":2640.59,"end":2640.75},{"text":"felt","start":2640.75,"end":2641.07},{"text":"relentless.","start":2641.07,"end":2641.95}]},{"text":"Four, make sure the request is hers.","start":2643.31,"end":2645.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Four,","start":2643.31,"end":2643.79},{"text":"make","start":2643.79,"end":2643.95},{"text":"sure","start":2643.95,"end":2644.19},{"text":"the","start":2644.19,"end":2644.35},{"text":"request","start":2644.35,"end":2644.83},{"text":"is","start":2644.83,"end":2644.99},{"text":"hers.","start":2644.99,"end":2645.55}]},{"text":"The coroner's committee asked that requests be led by the person herself and that assessors speak with her separately and 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Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."},{"key":"data-and-visibility","label":"Data, Visibility, and Inclusion in Policy","description":"Participants repeatedly highlighted that older women are often missing from laws, surveys, research, and public policy, which makes violence against them harder to detect and address. 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Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2912.19,"end":2912.35},{"text":"can","start":2912.35,"end":2912.91},{"text":"include","start":2912.91,"end":2913.71},{"text":"the","start":2913.71,"end":2913.79},{"text":"control","start":2913.79,"end":2914.27},{"text":"of","start":2914.27,"end":2914.35},{"text":"pensions","start":2914.35,"end":2915.07},{"text":"and","start":2915.39,"end":2915.59},{"text":"social","start":2915.59,"end":2915.87},{"text":"protection","start":2915.87,"end":2916.39},{"text":"payments,","start":2916.39,"end":2916.91},{"text":"exclusion","start":2917.47,"end":2918.15},{"text":"from","start":2918.15,"end":2918.35},{"text":"financial","start":2918.35,"end":2918.87},{"text":"decision-making,","start":2918.87,"end":2919.95},{"text":"denial","start":2920.03,"end":2920.59},{"text":"of","start":2920.59,"end":2920.67},{"text":"inheritance","start":2920.67,"end":2921.39},{"text":"rights,","start":2921.39,"end":2921.79},{"text":"property","start":2921.99,"end":2922.47},{"text":"grabbing,","start":2922.47,"end":2923.07},{"text":"restrictions","start":2923.31,"end":2924.03},{"text":"on","start":2924.03,"end":2924.19},{"text":"access","start":2924.19,"end":2925.23},{"text":"to","start":2925.23,"end":2925.35},{"text":"assets","start":2925.35,"end":2925.87},{"text":"and","start":2925.87,"end":2926.03},{"text":"resources,","start":2926.03,"end":2926.63},{"text":"as","start":2926.99,"end":2927.23},{"text":"well","start":2927.23,"end":2927.47},{"text":"as","start":2927.47,"end":2927.55},{"text":"assumptions","start":2927.59,"end":2928.15},{"text":"that","start":2928.15,"end":2928.35},{"text":"an","start":2928.35,"end":2928.43},{"text":"older","start":2928.43,"end":2928.67},{"text":"woman","start":2928.67,"end":2928.99},{"text":"is","start":2928.99,"end":2929.15},{"text":"incapable","start":2929.19,"end":2929.71},{"text":"of","start":2929.71,"end":2929.87},{"text":"managing","start":2929.87,"end":2930.35},{"text":"her","start":2930.35,"end":2930.59},{"text":"own","start":2930.59,"end":2930.75},{"text":"affairs.","start":2930.75,"end":2931.07}]},{"text":"Economic abuse rarely occurs in isolation, It can often be accompanied by coercive control, psychological abuse, neglect, and restrictions on autonomy, particularly where the older women relies on care, housing, or financial support.","start":2931.95,"end":2946.75,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."},{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"Economic","start":2931.95,"end":2932.51},{"text":"abuse","start":2932.51,"end":2932.99},{"text":"rarely","start":2933.15,"end":2933.51},{"text":"occurs","start":2933.51,"end":2933.83},{"text":"in","start":2933.83,"end":2933.95},{"text":"isolation,","start":2933.95,"end":2934.59},{"text":"It","start":2935.23,"end":2935.31},{"text":"can","start":2935.31,"end":2935.55},{"text":"often","start":2935.55,"end":2935.91},{"text":"be","start":2935.91,"end":2936.03},{"text":"accompanied","start":2936.03,"end":2936.59},{"text":"by","start":2936.59,"end":2936.75},{"text":"coercive","start":2936.75,"end":2937.23},{"text":"control,","start":2937.23,"end":2937.87},{"text":"psychological","start":2938.19,"end":2939.03},{"text":"abuse,","start":2939.03,"end":2939.39},{"text":"neglect,","start":2939.47,"end":2940.11},{"text":"and","start":2940.11,"end":2940.31},{"text":"restrictions","start":2940.31,"end":2940.87},{"text":"on","start":2940.87,"end":2940.99},{"text":"autonomy,","start":2940.99,"end":2941.55},{"text":"particularly","start":2941.95,"end":2942.55},{"text":"where","start":2942.55,"end":2942.83},{"text":"the","start":2942.83,"end":2942.95},{"text":"older","start":2942.95,"end":2943.23},{"text":"women","start":2943.23,"end":2943.51},{"text":"relies","start":2943.51,"end":2943.91},{"text":"on","start":2943.91,"end":2944.03},{"text":"care,","start":2944.03,"end":2944.51},{"text":"housing,","start":2944.99,"end":2945.51},{"text":"or","start":2945.55,"end":2945.67},{"text":"financial","start":2945.67,"end":2946.31},{"text":"support.","start":2946.31,"end":2946.75}]},{"text":"These consequences can be life changing.","start":2948.43,"end":2950.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2948.43,"end":2948.67},{"text":"consequences","start":2948.67,"end":2949.39},{"text":"can","start":2949.39,"end":2949.63},{"text":"be","start":2949.63,"end":2949.71},{"text":"life","start":2949.71,"end":2949.99},{"text":"changing.","start":2949.99,"end":2950.47}]},{"text":"As one older women HealthAid works with in Nepal explained, \"My in-laws started to discriminate against me after the death of my husband.","start":2950.59,"end":2958.43,"topics":[{"key":"ageism-and-sexism","label":"Ageism and Sexism","description":"Several speakers examined how age-based and gender-based discrimination combine to make older women especially vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exclusion. This intersectional discrimination shapes how society, institutions, and even service providers perceive and treat older women."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":2950.59,"end":2950.83},{"text":"one","start":2950.83,"end":2951.07},{"text":"older","start":2951.07,"end":2951.31},{"text":"women","start":2951.31,"end":2951.63},{"text":"HealthAid","start":2951.63,"end":2952.07},{"text":"works","start":2952.07,"end":2952.35},{"text":"with","start":2952.35,"end":2952.55},{"text":"in","start":2952.55,"end":2952.63},{"text":"Nepal","start":2952.63,"end":2953.07},{"text":"explained,","start":2953.07,"end":2953.71},{"text":"\"My","start":2953.87,"end":2954.27},{"text":"in-laws","start":2954.35,"end":2954.91},{"text":"started","start":2954.91,"end":2955.43},{"text":"to","start":2955.43,"end":2955.51},{"text":"discriminate","start":2955.51,"end":2956.19},{"text":"against","start":2956.19,"end":2956.67},{"text":"me","start":2956.67,"end":2956.83},{"text":"after","start":2957.07,"end":2957.39},{"text":"the","start":2957.39,"end":2957.51},{"text":"death","start":2957.51,"end":2957.75},{"text":"of","start":2957.75,"end":2957.83},{"text":"my","start":2957.83,"end":2957.95},{"text":"husband.","start":2957.95,"end":2958.43}]},{"text":"They took my husband's land and property and compelled me to leave my village.","start":2958.91,"end":2963.23,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2958.91,"end":2959.07},{"text":"took","start":2959.07,"end":2959.31},{"text":"my","start":2959.31,"end":2959.47},{"text":"husband's","start":2959.55,"end":2960.35},{"text":"land","start":2960.35,"end":2960.71},{"text":"and","start":2960.71,"end":2960.83},{"text":"property","start":2960.83,"end":2961.39},{"text":"and","start":2961.39,"end":2961.55},{"text":"compelled","start":2961.55,"end":2962.03},{"text":"me","start":2962.03,"end":2962.19},{"text":"to","start":2962.19,"end":2962.35},{"text":"leave","start":2962.35,"end":2962.59},{"text":"my","start":2962.59,"end":2962.75},{"text":"village.","start":2962.75,"end":2963.23}]},{"text":"We're also seeing new forms of economic abuse emerge as services become increasingly digitalised.","start":2964.15,"end":2969.67,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":2964.15,"end":2964.31},{"text":"also","start":2964.31,"end":2964.71},{"text":"seeing","start":2964.71,"end":2965.03},{"text":"new","start":2965.03,"end":2965.27},{"text":"forms","start":2965.27,"end":2965.63},{"text":"of","start":2965.63,"end":2965.75},{"text":"economic","start":2965.75,"end":2966.23},{"text":"abuse","start":2966.23,"end":2966.63},{"text":"emerge","start":2966.63,"end":2967.11},{"text":"as","start":2967.11,"end":2967.23},{"text":"services","start":2967.23,"end":2967.79},{"text":"become","start":2967.83,"end":2968.23},{"text":"increasingly","start":2968.23,"end":2968.95},{"text":"digitalised.","start":2968.95,"end":2969.67}]},{"text":"Limited digital literacy, lack of access to mobile phones and reliance on others to access financial services can create opportunities for exploitation.","start":2970.95,"end":2980.31,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"Limited","start":2970.95,"end":2971.47},{"text":"digital","start":2971.47,"end":2971.87},{"text":"literacy,","start":2971.87,"end":2972.55},{"text":"lack","start":2972.55,"end":2972.79},{"text":"of","start":2972.79,"end":2972.87},{"text":"access","start":2972.87,"end":2973.35},{"text":"to","start":2973.35,"end":2973.51},{"text":"mobile","start":2973.51,"end":2973.91},{"text":"phones","start":2973.91,"end":2974.39},{"text":"and","start":2974.71,"end":2974.87},{"text":"reliance","start":2974.87,"end":2975.27},{"text":"on","start":2975.27,"end":2975.43},{"text":"others","start":2975.43,"end":2975.75},{"text":"to","start":2975.75,"end":2975.91},{"text":"access","start":2975.91,"end":2976.39},{"text":"financial","start":2976.39,"end":2976.95},{"text":"services","start":2976.95,"end":2977.55},{"text":"can","start":2978.07,"end":2978.27},{"text":"create","start":2978.27,"end":2978.55},{"text":"opportunities","start":2978.55,"end":2979.35},{"text":"for","start":2979.35,"end":2979.51},{"text":"exploitation.","start":2979.51,"end":2980.31}]},{"text":"Hal Page's research in Tanzania documented cases where relatives withdrew social protection payments intended for older women without their knowledge because they controlled the access to the mobile phone and payment notifications, so the older women weren't made aware of when these were coming through.","start":2981.31,"end":2996.55,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"Hal","start":2981.31,"end":2981.39},{"text":"Page's","start":2981.39,"end":2981.87},{"text":"research","start":2981.87,"end":2982.27},{"text":"in","start":2982.27,"end":2982.35},{"text":"Tanzania","start":2982.35,"end":2982.91},{"text":"documented","start":2982.91,"end":2983.55},{"text":"cases","start":2983.55,"end":2983.99},{"text":"where","start":2983.99,"end":2984.15},{"text":"relatives","start":2984.15,"end":2984.67},{"text":"withdrew","start":2984.67,"end":2985.15},{"text":"social","start":2985.15,"end":2985.59},{"text":"protection","start":2985.59,"end":2986.11},{"text":"payments","start":2986.11,"end":2986.59},{"text":"intended","start":2986.59,"end":2987.07},{"text":"for","start":2987.07,"end":2987.23},{"text":"older","start":2987.23,"end":2987.47},{"text":"women","start":2987.47,"end":2987.87},{"text":"without","start":2988.19,"end":2988.55},{"text":"their","start":2988.55,"end":2988.67},{"text":"knowledge","start":2988.67,"end":2989.23},{"text":"because","start":2989.39,"end":2989.63},{"text":"they","start":2989.95,"end":2990.19},{"text":"controlled","start":2990.19,"end":2990.71},{"text":"the","start":2990.71,"end":2990.79},{"text":"access","start":2990.79,"end":2991.23},{"text":"to","start":2991.23,"end":2991.31},{"text":"the","start":2991.31,"end":2991.43},{"text":"mobile","start":2991.43,"end":2991.79},{"text":"phone","start":2991.79,"end":2992.27},{"text":"and","start":2992.27,"end":2992.43},{"text":"payment","start":2992.43,"end":2992.91},{"text":"notifications,","start":2992.91,"end":2993.67},{"text":"so","start":2993.67,"end":2993.75},{"text":"the","start":2993.75,"end":2993.95},{"text":"older","start":2993.95,"end":2994.27},{"text":"women","start":2994.27,"end":2994.55},{"text":"weren't","start":2994.55,"end":2994.91},{"text":"made","start":2994.91,"end":2995.03},{"text":"aware","start":2995.03,"end":2995.27},{"text":"of","start":2995.27,"end":2995.39},{"text":"when","start":2995.39,"end":2995.67},{"text":"these","start":2995.67,"end":2995.83},{"text":"were","start":2995.83,"end":2995.95},{"text":"coming","start":2995.95,"end":2996.27},{"text":"through.","start":2996.27,"end":2996.55}]},{"text":"But in all honesty, economic abuse is not just about money.","start":2997.63,"end":3001.95,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2997.63,"end":2997.95},{"text":"in","start":2998.83,"end":2998.99},{"text":"all","start":2998.99,"end":2999.31},{"text":"honesty,","start":2999.31,"end":2999.63},{"text":"economic","start":2999.63,"end":3000.27},{"text":"abuse","start":3000.27,"end":3000.59},{"text":"is","start":3000.59,"end":3000.71},{"text":"not","start":3000.71,"end":3000.95},{"text":"just","start":3000.95,"end":3001.15},{"text":"about","start":3001.15,"end":3001.55},{"text":"money.","start":3001.55,"end":3001.95}]},{"text":"It's about power, dignity, autonomy, and control.","start":3002.47,"end":3004.83,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":3002.47,"end":3002.71},{"text":"about","start":3002.71,"end":3002.95},{"text":"power,","start":3002.95,"end":3003.31},{"text":"dignity,","start":3003.31,"end":3003.83},{"text":"autonomy,","start":3003.83,"end":3004.31},{"text":"and","start":3004.31,"end":3004.43},{"text":"control.","start":3004.43,"end":3004.83}]},{"text":"When an older woman loses control over her income, property, or assets, she loses her choices.","start":3005.15,"end":3010.23,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":3005.15,"end":3005.47},{"text":"an","start":3005.47,"end":3005.55},{"text":"older","start":3005.55,"end":3005.79},{"text":"woman","start":3005.79,"end":3006.03},{"text":"loses","start":3006.03,"end":3006.51},{"text":"control","start":3006.51,"end":3006.95},{"text":"over","start":3006.95,"end":3007.11},{"text":"her","start":3007.11,"end":3007.23},{"text":"income,","start":3007.23,"end":3007.71},{"text":"property,","start":3007.87,"end":3008.31},{"text":"or","start":3008.31,"end":3008.43},{"text":"assets,","start":3008.43,"end":3008.95},{"text":"she","start":3008.99,"end":3009.23},{"text":"loses","start":3009.23,"end":3009.59},{"text":"her","start":3009.59,"end":3009.71},{"text":"choices.","start":3009.71,"end":3010.23}]},{"text":"her independence and her ability to make decisions about her own life.","start":3010.71,"end":3014.39,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"her","start":3010.71,"end":3010.87},{"text":"independence","start":3010.87,"end":3011.55},{"text":"and","start":3011.59,"end":3011.75},{"text":"her","start":3011.75,"end":3011.87},{"text":"ability","start":3011.87,"end":3012.39},{"text":"to","start":3012.39,"end":3012.47},{"text":"make","start":3012.47,"end":3012.71},{"text":"decisions","start":3012.71,"end":3013.23},{"text":"about","start":3013.51,"end":3013.79},{"text":"her","start":3013.79,"end":3014.07},{"text":"own","start":3014.07,"end":3014.15},{"text":"life.","start":3014.15,"end":3014.39}]},{"text":"And as I mentioned, this increases risk to other forms of violence.","start":3014.55,"end":3017.91,"topics":[{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. 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leave it there.","start":3358.07,"end":3358.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'll","start":3358.07,"end":3358.23},{"text":"leave","start":3358.23,"end":3358.43},{"text":"it","start":3358.43,"end":3358.51},{"text":"there.","start":3358.51,"end":3358.75}]},{"text":"Thank you very much, and sorry for the disruption.","start":3358.75,"end":3361.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3358.75,"end":3359.03},{"text":"you","start":3359.03,"end":3359.11},{"text":"very","start":3359.11,"end":3359.35},{"text":"much,","start":3359.35,"end":3359.75},{"text":"and","start":3359.75,"end":3359.95},{"text":"sorry","start":3359.95,"end":3360.27},{"text":"for","start":3360.31,"end":3360.43},{"text":"the","start":3360.75,"end":3360.83},{"text":"disruption.","start":3360.83,"end":3361.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"HelpAge International","group":null,"function":"Gender Policy Advisor","affiliation_full":"HelpAge 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also want to thank all the speakers.","start":3407.47,"end":3409.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3407.47,"end":3407.63},{"text":"also","start":3407.63,"end":3407.95},{"text":"want","start":3407.95,"end":3408.15},{"text":"to","start":3408.15,"end":3408.23},{"text":"thank","start":3408.23,"end":3408.67},{"text":"all","start":3408.75,"end":3408.91},{"text":"the","start":3408.91,"end":3409.03},{"text":"speakers.","start":3409.03,"end":3409.87}]},{"text":"and my dear friend Tanvi from HelpAge, and especially the work of HelpAge in all these years on behalf of older 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Tanvi, sorry about all the technical difficulties, but we did hear you in the end, and I want to thank you especially for 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very often, nobody pays any attention to the gynecological issues that older women face, whether it's menopause.","start":3533.59,"end":3544.07,"topics":[{"key":"ageism-and-sexism","label":"Ageism and Sexism","description":"Several speakers examined how age-based and gender-based discrimination combine to make older women especially vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exclusion. 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that we need at this stage.","start":3718.87,"end":3746.67,"topics":[{"key":"data-and-visibility","label":"Data, Visibility, and Inclusion in Policy","description":"Participants repeatedly highlighted that older women are often missing from laws, surveys, research, and public policy, which makes violence against them harder to detect and address. 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do not know if you know, and this is not as an excuse, but our reports were cut by 1,000 words because of the funding 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has not been possible to address all the issues that I wanted to raise and include all the 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hopefully this is the start of a conversation and hopefully also the intergovernmental working group on the convention will also make space to address these concerns.","start":3768.15,"end":3780.23,"topics":[{"key":"older-persons-convention","label":"Convention on the Rights of Older Persons","description":"A recurring topic was the push for a legally binding international instrument on the rights of older persons, with explicit attention to older women. 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Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3802.07,"end":3802.15},{"text":"what","start":3802.15,"end":3802.43},{"text":"are","start":3802.43,"end":3802.55},{"text":"the","start":3802.55,"end":3802.67},{"text":"manifestations","start":3802.67,"end":3803.59},{"text":"of","start":3803.59,"end":3803.67},{"text":"this","start":3803.67,"end":3803.83},{"text":"economic","start":3803.83,"end":3804.31},{"text":"violence?","start":3804.31,"end":3804.87}]},{"text":"And could you offer any recommendations on what the state and other stakeholders should do to address it?","start":3804.95,"end":3812.07,"topics":[{"key":"economic-abuse","label":"Economic Abuse and Financial Insecurity","description":"A major theme was the economic abuse of older women, including control of pensions, inheritance deprivation, property grabbing, and financial dependence on relatives or caregivers. 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will leave the recommendations to tomorrow because I have not yet presented my report officially.","start":3908.55,"end":3914.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3908.55,"end":3908.95},{"text":"will","start":3908.95,"end":3909.07},{"text":"leave","start":3909.07,"end":3909.27},{"text":"the","start":3909.27,"end":3909.35},{"text":"recommendations","start":3909.35,"end":3910.23},{"text":"to","start":3910.23,"end":3910.47},{"text":"tomorrow","start":3910.47,"end":3911.11},{"text":"because","start":3911.11,"end":3911.59},{"text":"I","start":3911.75,"end":3911.91},{"text":"have","start":3911.91,"end":3912.15},{"text":"not","start":3912.15,"end":3912.31},{"text":"yet","start":3912.31,"end":3912.47},{"text":"presented","start":3912.47,"end":3912.95},{"text":"my","start":3912.95,"end":3913.11},{"text":"report","start":3913.11,"end":3913.59},{"text":"officially.","start":3913.59,"end":3914.07}]},{"text":"Thank 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I think that's something that everyone has to recognize, not just governments.","start":3966.07,"end":3970.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3966.07,"end":3966.27},{"text":"I","start":3966.27,"end":3966.31},{"text":"think","start":3966.31,"end":3966.47},{"text":"that's","start":3966.47,"end":3966.75},{"text":"something","start":3966.75,"end":3967.07},{"text":"that","start":3967.07,"end":3967.35},{"text":"everyone","start":3967.59,"end":3967.99},{"text":"has","start":3967.99,"end":3968.23},{"text":"to","start":3968.23,"end":3968.31},{"text":"recognize,","start":3968.31,"end":3968.95},{"text":"not","start":3968.95,"end":3969.27},{"text":"just","start":3969.27,"end":3969.47},{"text":"governments.","start":3969.47,"end":3970.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Canadian Physicians for Life","group":null,"function":"Executive Director","affiliation_full":"Canadian Physicians for Life"}},{"statement_number":59,"start":3971.79,"pageUrl":"/ar/asset/k1n/k1nwvai0bp?lang=en&t=1:06:12","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":3971.79,"end":3972.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3971.79,"end":3971.95},{"text":"you.","start":3972.07,"end":3972.15}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":3973.59,"end":3974.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3973.59,"end":3973.75},{"text":"you","start":3973.87,"end":3973.95},{"text":"very","start":3973.95,"end":3974.11},{"text":"much.","start":3974.11,"end":3974.23}]},{"text":"I have one probably final question, but the question I would like to address to all of our speakers, and I would very much appreciate very brief answers to that 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it's a question related to the, hopefully upcoming document, binding document on the rights of older persons.","start":3984.07,"end":3991.59,"topics":[{"key":"older-persons-convention","label":"Convention on the Rights of Older Persons","description":"A recurring topic was the push for a legally binding international instrument on the rights of older persons, with explicit attention to older women. 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Speakers linked this to lifelong economic inequality, unpaid care work, and weak social protection."},{"key":"ageism-and-sexism","label":"Ageism and Sexism","description":"Several speakers examined how age-based and gender-based discrimination combine to make older women especially vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exclusion. This intersectional discrimination shapes how society, institutions, and even service providers perceive and treat older women."},{"key":"data-and-visibility","label":"Data, Visibility, and Inclusion in Policy","description":"Participants repeatedly highlighted that older women are often missing from laws, surveys, research, and public policy, which makes violence against them harder to detect and address. They called for age-disaggregated data and explicit inclusion of older women in violence prevention and response frameworks."},{"key":"violence-older-women","label":"Violence Against Older Women","description":"The discussion focused on how older women face physical, psychological, sexual, economic, and other forms of violence that are often hidden, normalized, or underreported. Speakers stressed that prevention, protection, and support systems must address violence across the full life course of women."},{"key":"older-persons-convention","label":"Convention on the Rights of Older Persons","description":"A recurring topic was the push for a legally binding international instrument on the rights of older persons, with explicit attention to older women. Speakers argued that any future convention should recognize the intersection of sex and age and strengthen protection from violence, discrimination, and exclusion."},{"key":"conflict-humanitarian-access","label":"Conflict and Humanitarian Access","description":"The event addressed the particular harms faced by older women in conflict and displacement settings, including sexual violence, forced servitude, loss of caregivers, starvation, and barriers in refugee or aid systems. Speakers emphasized that humanitarian assistance and protection mechanisms must be accessible and responsive to their specific needs."}]}}