{"disclaimer":"Automatically generated transcript — may contain errors. Not an official United Nations record.","video":{"id":"k1o/k1orcvui54","kaltura_id":"1_orcvui54","title":"Tackling global patriarchal systems to include women in communal land allocation and decision-making (CSW70 Side Event)","clean_title":"Tackling global patriarchal systems to include women in communal land allocation and decision-making (CSW70 Side Event)","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1o/k1orcvui54","date":"2026-03-16T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-03-16T20:45:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"01:48:33","category":"Side Events","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1o/k1orcvui54"},"metadata":{"summary":"Panel Discussion on the impact of patriarchal norms on communal land access for women and the role that legal frameworks and human-rights based approaches to improving land governance for all women.","description":"Despite progressive legal frameworks, women's access to communal land remains severely constrained by entrenched patriarchal norms, fragmented governance systems, and inconsistent application of laws. CGE research across several South African provinces reveals that traditional authorities often exercise disproportionate control over land allocation in the absence of clear national regulations, resulting in gender discrimination, procedural inconsistencies, and corruption. This event seeks to advance global policy dialogue and awareness on the structural and socio-economic barriers that impede women's access to communal land, and to promote rights-based, gender-responsive approaches to land governance. To elevate policy-level discourse beyond isolated case experiences, with a focus on systemic reform. Facilitate cross-country learning on gender-responsive responses to climate change and land tenure insecurity in communal settings. Strengthen collaboration and develop policy-oriented recommendations to address gaps between state and non-state actors.","categories":["Meetings & Events","Side Events"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"d5b69318-3621-4532-b4d4-bc90c1b04987","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good afternoon, dear colleagues, thank you very much for joining us for this CSW side event titled Women's Access to Rural Land, where we will be tackling the theme of global patriarchal systems that need to include women in communal land allocation and decision 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opening remarks will be given by Dr. Dennis Matotoka, who's to my left, who's the Siege CGE CEO.","start":79.19,"end":85.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":79.19,"end":79.47},{"text":"opening","start":79.47,"end":79.95},{"text":"remarks","start":79.95,"end":80.35},{"text":"will","start":80.35,"end":80.47},{"text":"be","start":80.47,"end":80.59},{"text":"given","start":80.59,"end":80.83},{"text":"by","start":80.83,"end":81.07},{"text":"Dr.","start":81.07,"end":81.35},{"text":"Dennis","start":81.35,"end":81.75},{"text":"Matotoka,","start":81.75,"end":82.59},{"text":"who's","start":82.59,"end":82.83},{"text":"to","start":82.83,"end":82.95},{"text":"my","start":82.95,"end":83.07},{"text":"left,","start":83.07,"end":83.35},{"text":"who's","start":83.35,"end":83.71},{"text":"the","start":83.71,"end":83.87},{"text":"Siege","start":83.87,"end":84.23},{"text":"CGE","start":84.46,"end":84.78},{"text":"CEO.","start":84.78,"end":85.42}]},{"text":"About five minutes of opening remarks 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which point, once they have all given their interventions, we will move over to plenary discussion and hopefully we'll have enough time to take a few rounds of comments, comments or 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we know these issues are very tied to economic, social, cultural and and even political rights.","start":135.89,"end":141.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":135.89,"end":136.17},{"text":"we","start":136.17,"end":136.33},{"text":"know","start":136.33,"end":136.49},{"text":"these","start":136.49,"end":136.69},{"text":"issues","start":136.69,"end":136.97},{"text":"are","start":136.97,"end":137.25},{"text":"very","start":137.25,"end":137.57},{"text":"tied","start":137.57,"end":138.09},{"text":"to","start":138.09,"end":138.33},{"text":"economic,","start":138.33,"end":138.61},{"text":"social,","start":138.85,"end":139.25},{"text":"cultural","start":139.25,"end":139.89},{"text":"and","start":140.04,"end":140.2},{"text":"and","start":140.35,"end":140.47},{"text":"even","start":140.47,"end":140.71},{"text":"political","start":140.71,"end":141.07},{"text":"rights.","start":141.23,"end":141.63}]},{"text":"So it's very important as we talk about gender equality under this very theme of 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do we then intentionally include equitable legal systems, eliminate discriminatory policies and laws and as well as practice.","start":151.87,"end":160.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"How","start":151.87,"end":152.19},{"text":"do","start":152.19,"end":152.39},{"text":"we","start":152.39,"end":152.55},{"text":"then","start":152.55,"end":152.79},{"text":"intentionally","start":152.79,"end":153.55},{"text":"include","start":153.95,"end":154.35},{"text":"equitable","start":154.51,"end":155.15},{"text":"legal","start":155.15,"end":155.63},{"text":"systems,","start":155.63,"end":156.19},{"text":"eliminate","start":156.35,"end":157.03},{"text":"discriminatory","start":157.03,"end":157.87},{"text":"policies","start":157.87,"end":158.43},{"text":"and","start":158.43,"end":158.63},{"text":"laws","start":158.63,"end":159.07},{"text":"and","start":159.23,"end":159.59},{"text":"as","start":159.59,"end":159.83},{"text":"well","start":159.83,"end":160.07},{"text":"as","start":160.07,"end":160.35},{"text":"practice.","start":160.35,"end":160.75}]},{"text":"And so our panel is varied and coming from very different regions of the world and, and coming at this issue from also very different thematic areas as well.","start":160.75,"end":170.68,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":160.75,"end":160.95},{"text":"so","start":160.95,"end":161.11},{"text":"our","start":161.11,"end":161.27},{"text":"panel","start":161.27,"end":161.59},{"text":"is","start":161.59,"end":161.75},{"text":"varied","start":161.75,"end":162.19},{"text":"and","start":162.35,"end":162.67},{"text":"coming","start":162.67,"end":162.95},{"text":"from","start":162.95,"end":163.27},{"text":"very","start":163.27,"end":163.55},{"text":"different","start":163.55,"end":163.87},{"text":"regions","start":164.19,"end":164.79},{"text":"of","start":164.79,"end":164.91},{"text":"the","start":164.91,"end":165.07},{"text":"world","start":165.07,"end":165.39},{"text":"and,","start":165.47,"end":165.73},{"text":"and","start":165.88,"end":166.04},{"text":"coming","start":166.04,"end":166.28},{"text":"at","start":166.28,"end":166.48},{"text":"this","start":166.48,"end":166.64},{"text":"issue","start":166.64,"end":166.84},{"text":"from","start":166.84,"end":167.08},{"text":"also","start":167.08,"end":167.4},{"text":"very","start":167.96,"end":168.28},{"text":"different","start":168.28,"end":168.56},{"text":"thematic","start":168.56,"end":169.16},{"text":"areas","start":169.72,"end":170.12},{"text":"as","start":170.12,"end":170.4},{"text":"well.","start":170.4,"end":170.68}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And with that, I would like to invite Dr. Dennis Matotoka to give us your welcome and opening remarks over to you.","start":170.84,"end":177.32,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":170.84,"end":171.12},{"text":"with","start":171.12,"end":171.28},{"text":"that,","start":171.28,"end":171.48},{"text":"I","start":171.48,"end":171.64},{"text":"would","start":171.64,"end":171.76},{"text":"like","start":171.76,"end":171.92},{"text":"to","start":171.92,"end":172.08},{"text":"invite","start":172.08,"end":172.44},{"text":"Dr.","start":172.84,"end":173.2},{"text":"Dennis","start":173.2,"end":173.64},{"text":"Matotoka","start":173.64,"end":174.4},{"text":"to","start":174.4,"end":174.52},{"text":"give","start":174.52,"end":174.6},{"text":"us","start":174.6,"end":174.72},{"text":"your","start":174.72,"end":174.92},{"text":"welcome","start":174.92,"end":175.36},{"text":"and","start":175.36,"end":175.72},{"text":"opening","start":175.72,"end":176.24},{"text":"remarks","start":176.24,"end":176.64},{"text":"over","start":176.64,"end":176.84},{"text":"to","start":176.84,"end":177.04},{"text":"you.","start":177.04,"end":177.32}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Tale Mufugen","affiliation":"CGE","affiliation_full":"CGE","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":2,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you so much.","start":179.8,"end":180.68,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":179.8,"end":180.12},{"text":"you","start":180.12,"end":180.24},{"text":"so","start":180.24,"end":180.4},{"text":"much.","start":180.4,"end":180.68}]},{"text":"MODERATOR Good afternoon, partners in the global struggle for gender equality.","start":180.84,"end":187.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"MODERATOR","start":180.84,"end":181.56},{"text":"Good","start":182.36,"end":182.68},{"text":"afternoon,","start":182.68,"end":183.4},{"text":"partners","start":183.72,"end":184.36},{"text":"in","start":184.36,"end":184.72},{"text":"the","start":184.72,"end":185.08},{"text":"global","start":185.16,"end":185.56},{"text":"struggle","start":185.56,"end":186.04},{"text":"for","start":186.04,"end":186.28},{"text":"gender","start":186.28,"end":186.6},{"text":"equality.","start":186.6,"end":187.24}]},{"text":"It is my distinct honor and responsibility to open a session that seeks to reflect on the meaning of access to justice to women and girls.","start":187.96,"end":197.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":187.96,"end":188.24},{"text":"is","start":188.24,"end":188.48},{"text":"my","start":188.48,"end":188.84},{"text":"distinct","start":188.92,"end":189.56},{"text":"honor","start":189.56,"end":190.04},{"text":"and","start":190.04,"end":190.32},{"text":"responsibility","start":190.32,"end":191.08},{"text":"to","start":191.32,"end":191.64},{"text":"open","start":191.64,"end":191.92},{"text":"a","start":191.92,"end":192.16},{"text":"session","start":192.16,"end":192.6},{"text":"that","start":193.29,"end":193.45},{"text":"seeks","start":193.45,"end":193.77},{"text":"to","start":193.77,"end":193.97},{"text":"reflect","start":193.97,"end":194.37},{"text":"on","start":194.37,"end":194.61},{"text":"the","start":194.61,"end":194.81},{"text":"meaning","start":194.81,"end":195.17},{"text":"of","start":195.17,"end":195.49},{"text":"access","start":195.49,"end":195.81},{"text":"to","start":195.81,"end":196.09},{"text":"justice","start":196.09,"end":196.49},{"text":"to","start":196.49,"end":196.69},{"text":"women","start":196.69,"end":196.93},{"text":"and","start":196.93,"end":197.17},{"text":"girls.","start":197.17,"end":197.69}]},{"text":"I wish to say that this session is going to draw your attention to an invisible issue that is often not reflecting in the global debates and which at times and most of the time, it affects millions of women in the global south, and that is access to communal land.","start":198.25,"end":218.89,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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many rural women in Africa, communal land is not about productive resource.","start":219.55,"end":224.59,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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many women, gender justice it is a concern, but the journey to justice, it is not simply a route to access the courts.","start":266.92,"end":278.49,"topics":[{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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start articulating what that can look like so that we can then, after this, find ways to collaborate, be strategic with one 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would like to give the floor to the chairperson of the Commission for Gender Equality of South Africa, advocate Ntabi Singh Sipa Nyamokale, to give us her intervention in terms of the questions of 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also know and see how these fragmentations and unguarded allocation regimes are uneven in terms of local practice, and they continue to disadvantage women in particular and queer 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this is a gap that the state itself has not managed to completely resolve, but they've tried to fill in the 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years into democracy now, women we are still aspiring for that equality.","start":489.04,"end":493.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thirty","start":489.04,"end":489.4},{"text":"years","start":489.4,"end":489.68},{"text":"into","start":489.68,"end":489.92},{"text":"democracy","start":489.92,"end":490.48},{"text":"now,","start":490.48,"end":490.88},{"text":"women","start":490.88,"end":491.14},{"text":"we","start":491.21,"end":491.29},{"text":"are","start":491.29,"end":491.41},{"text":"still","start":491.41,"end":491.57},{"text":"aspiring","start":491.57,"end":492.13},{"text":"for","start":492.13,"end":492.29},{"text":"that","start":492.29,"end":492.49},{"text":"equality.","start":492.49,"end":493.13}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And furthermore, how can South Africa leverage the regional and global accountability fled platforms such as this one that CSW provides us, and of course the African human rights systems as well, to ensure that those constitutional guarantees are in fact 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Tale Mufugen","affiliation":"CGE","affiliation_full":"CGE","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":4,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you for the opportunity, Dr. Mufukeng.","start":532.679,"end":535.479,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":532.679,"end":533.079},{"text":"you","start":533.079,"end":533.319},{"text":"for","start":533.319,"end":533.558},{"text":"the","start":533.558,"end":533.758},{"text":"opportunity,","start":533.758,"end":534.279},{"text":"Dr.","start":534.279,"end":534.679},{"text":"Mufukeng.","start":534.679,"end":535.479}]},{"text":"As you have rightfully said, this area of this environment is actually very fragmented and governed by several regimes at the same 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one would actually say, based on the study that we, as the CGA undertook in 2024, which was entitled Exploring Barriers to Women's Access to Communal Land, the first and most primary task is harmonization of the legal regimes that govern this 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may be aware, as some of you in this room, that South Africa actually has undertaken a process to harmonize all the different marriages that we 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women end up with property that they cannot claim because they have to have a male relative or someone register the property in their name for them to have access to 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becomes a double jeopardy.","start":670.7,"end":672.66,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":670.7,"end":670.98},{"text":"becomes","start":670.98,"end":671.3},{"text":"a","start":671.3,"end":671.5},{"text":"double","start":671.5,"end":671.82},{"text":"jeopardy.","start":671.82,"end":672.66}]},{"text":"It's this hard work that one puts in during their lifetime.","start":672.66,"end":676.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":672.66,"end":672.98},{"text":"this","start":672.98,"end":673.18},{"text":"hard","start":673.18,"end":673.42},{"text":"work","start":673.42,"end":673.66},{"text":"that","start":673.66,"end":673.9},{"text":"one","start":673.9,"end":674.14},{"text":"puts","start":674.14,"end":674.54},{"text":"in","start":674.54,"end":674.779},{"text":"during","start":675.18,"end":675.54},{"text":"their","start":675.54,"end":675.82},{"text":"lifetime.","start":675.82,"end":676.46}]},{"text":"At the time of death, then you have a male relative who can turn around and say, actually, this is mine, it is registered, that is my 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we as South Africa are calling for an eradication of traditional land or as a measure, halfway through, a registration of, of the allocated land to women who request 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all, it will actually not be in any way out of line with existing legislation.","start":717.6,"end":723.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"After","start":717.6,"end":717.96},{"text":"all,","start":717.96,"end":718.28},{"text":"it","start":718.28,"end":718.56},{"text":"will","start":718.56,"end":718.8},{"text":"actually","start":718.8,"end":719.12},{"text":"not","start":719.2,"end":719.52},{"text":"be","start":719.52,"end":719.76},{"text":"in","start":719.76,"end":720.08},{"text":"any","start":720.08,"end":720.44},{"text":"way","start":720.44,"end":720.8},{"text":"out","start":721.04,"end":721.32},{"text":"of","start":721.32,"end":721.52},{"text":"line","start":721.52,"end":721.76},{"text":"with","start":721.76,"end":722},{"text":"existing","start":722,"end":722.52},{"text":"legislation.","start":722.52,"end":723.28}]},{"text":"Section 25 of our Constitution talks about the right to 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current situation undermines these.","start":745.26,"end":747.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":745.26,"end":745.62},{"text":"current","start":745.62,"end":745.98},{"text":"situation","start":746.06,"end":746.7},{"text":"undermines","start":746.86,"end":747.62},{"text":"these.","start":747.62,"end":747.98}]},{"text":"But the biggest of them all is actually Section 10 of the Constitution, which talks about human dignity, which says everyone is entitled to human dignity in South 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we have in our preamble the Constitution talking about, we, the people of South Africa, have got to unleash the potential of each and every citizen of that 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I really like the reference to the dignity.","start":984.94,"end":988.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":984.94,"end":985.1},{"text":"I","start":985.1,"end":985.26},{"text":"really","start":985.26,"end":985.46},{"text":"like","start":985.46,"end":985.7},{"text":"the","start":985.7,"end":986.02},{"text":"reference","start":986.26,"end":986.98},{"text":"to","start":987.38,"end":987.66},{"text":"the","start":987.66,"end":987.86},{"text":"dignity.","start":987.86,"end":988.42}]},{"text":"It's very important because it's tied, you know, to so much as 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over to you, Zenande, and very big questions, but no doubt you will do justice for us.","start":1116.1,"end":1124.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1116.1,"end":1116.38},{"text":"over","start":1116.38,"end":1116.58},{"text":"to","start":1116.58,"end":1116.74},{"text":"you,","start":1116.74,"end":1116.9},{"text":"Zenande,","start":1116.9,"end":1117.7},{"text":"and","start":1117.7,"end":1118.1},{"text":"very","start":1118.26,"end":1118.58},{"text":"big","start":1118.58,"end":1118.9},{"text":"questions,","start":1119.06,"end":1119.66},{"text":"but","start":1119.66,"end":1119.94},{"text":"no","start":1120.34,"end":1120.66},{"text":"doubt","start":1120.66,"end":1121.06},{"text":"you","start":1121.7,"end":1122.02},{"text":"will","start":1122.02,"end":1122.22},{"text":"do","start":1122.22,"end":1122.5},{"text":"justice","start":1122.98,"end":1123.58},{"text":"for","start":1123.58,"end":1123.78},{"text":"us.","start":1123.78,"end":1124.1}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Tale 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attempt, they attempted to destroy what I refer to as, which is the law of humaneness.","start":1227.06,"end":1234.74,"topics":[{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and marginalized women, and reforming laws and institutions that reproduce these 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has been themed this way on behalf of the cge.","start":2281.54,"end":2284.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Eddie","start":2281.54,"end":2282.02},{"text":"has","start":2282.02,"end":2282.22},{"text":"been","start":2282.22,"end":2282.38},{"text":"themed","start":2282.38,"end":2282.82},{"text":"this","start":2282.98,"end":2283.3},{"text":"way","start":2283.3,"end":2283.54},{"text":"on","start":2283.54,"end":2283.74},{"text":"behalf","start":2283.74,"end":2283.98},{"text":"of","start":2283.98,"end":2284.14},{"text":"the","start":2284.14,"end":2284.3},{"text":"cge.","start":2284.45,"end":2284.85}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2285.09,"end":2285.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2285.09,"end":2285.41},{"text":"you","start":2285.41,"end":2285.53},{"text":"very","start":2285.53,"end":2285.69},{"text":"much.","start":2285.69,"end":2285.93}]},{"text":"Over to you, 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side event which focuses on tackling global patriarchal services system to include women in communal land allocation and decision making.","start":2364.3,"end":2372.39,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender quotas."},{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and marginalized women, and reforming laws and institutions that reproduce these 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do believe that this site event is both timely and strategically aligned with the CSW 70 priority theme focusing on strengthening access to justice for women and girls.","start":2372.95,"end":2386.07,"topics":[{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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note that in the global population that women represent 40% of the population, we're still dealing with close to 15 to 20% of landholders or ownership which reveal a systemic gap between the demographic presence as well as control over productive access.","start":2407.68,"end":2427.42,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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discussion.","start":2524.76,"end":2530.12,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"South","start":2524.76,"end":2525.08},{"text":"Africa","start":2525.08,"end":2525.4},{"text":"valued","start":2525.48,"end":2526},{"text":"the","start":2526,"end":2526.12},{"text":"role","start":2526.12,"end":2526.28},{"text":"of","start":2526.28,"end":2526.48},{"text":"the","start":2526.48,"end":2526.68},{"text":"Commission","start":2526.68,"end":2527},{"text":"of","start":2527.08,"end":2527.36},{"text":"Gender","start":2527.36,"end":2527.68},{"text":"Equality","start":2527.68,"end":2528.32},{"text":"in","start":2528.32,"end":2528.6},{"text":"convening","start":2528.6,"end":2529.2},{"text":"this","start":2529.2,"end":2529.48},{"text":"discussion.","start":2529.48,"end":2530.12}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"As a Chapter 9 institution established under the Constitution of the Republic Public, the Commission carries an important and independent mandate to strengthen constitutional democracy through promotion, 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this regard, the Community, the Commission leadership on this matter reflect a critical role of independent constitutional institution in ensuring accountability, deepening democracy, democratic governance and practical effect to the right enshrined in the Constitution.","start":2546.95,"end":2565.81,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality 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proposed dialogue in itself offer an important platform for cross regional learning, normative engagement, policy coherence and strategic collaboration amongst member state, academia and global expect.","start":2567.25,"end":2583.01,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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grounding the discussion in empirical research, comparative analysis such as referred by the Chairperson, the study that was conducted by C in 2024 exploring barriers to women's access to communal land in selected province of South Africa which grounded the conversation that we are having today, including also the lived experiences of the women in the country.","start":2583.57,"end":2607.9,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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does position and elevate the discourse beyond individual cases towards systemic reform, institutional accountability and actionable policy recommendation.","start":2607.9,"end":2620.64,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality 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in relation to communal land governance where the intersection of gender, culture, power and access to justice require both sensitivity and firmness in advancing transformative constitutionalism.","start":2620.88,"end":2638.08,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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Africa therefore commenced this discussion in advancing a right base agenda responsive and justice centered approach to communal land governance.","start":2638.8,"end":2648.32,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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initiative amplifies the voices of the voiceless agency and lived realities of women in rural communities whose experience are often marginalized in policy and governance processes, yet they remain central to the realization of substantive equality.","start":2648.56,"end":2668.08,"topics":[{"key":"community-led-policy","label":"Community-Led Policy and Participation","description":"Centering communities—especially rural women—in designing and deciding land governance reforms, shifting from top-down approaches to inclusive, participatory policymaking and knowledge 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do believe that this side event will make a meaningful contribution to the global effort to strengthen access to justice for women and girls to deepen accountability, to advance gender responsive land governance at national, regional and international level.","start":2668.48,"end":2686.2,"topics":[{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive processes."},{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and 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as representing South Africa, we affirm full support for the discussion, for the important engagement and for the continued advancement of women's lands rights as integral to dignity, justice and the empowerment and transformation of 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thank you.","start":2703.66,"end":2704.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2703.66,"end":2703.98},{"text":"thank","start":2703.98,"end":2704.26},{"text":"you.","start":2704.26,"end":2704.54}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dineo Moko","affiliation":"ZAF","affiliation_full":"South Africa","group":null,"function":"Acting DDG"}},{"statement_number":9,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Neomoko from the Department of Women, Youth and Persons with Disabilities of South 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forward that we are already through this side, eventually starting to get commitments from different spheres of governments as 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I think the main thing is when we go back to all of our different regions, what is the work that could potentially be stimulated by this, advanced by this 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what does collaboration also look like?","start":2743.129,"end":2745.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2743.129,"end":2743.29},{"text":"what","start":2743.29,"end":2743.45},{"text":"does","start":2743.45,"end":2743.65},{"text":"collaboration","start":2743.65,"end":2744.25},{"text":"also","start":2744.25,"end":2744.57},{"text":"look","start":2744.57,"end":2744.85},{"text":"like?","start":2744.85,"end":2745.17}]},{"text":"And with that in mind, I would like to invite Commissioner Vere, the Zimbabwe Gender Commission representative, to then tell us from the Zimbabwe's context, how can institutional power imbalances between traditional leaders and equality oversight bodies be recalibrated to ensure that constitutional protections meaningfully override any discriminatory customary 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the issue of climate adaptation comes into.","start":2828.01,"end":2831.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2828.01,"end":2828.37},{"text":"the","start":2828.37,"end":2828.65},{"text":"issue","start":2828.65,"end":2828.85},{"text":"of","start":2828.85,"end":2829.01},{"text":"climate","start":2829.01,"end":2829.37},{"text":"adaptation","start":2829.37,"end":2830.17},{"text":"comes","start":2830.65,"end":2831.05},{"text":"into.","start":2831.05,"end":2831.45}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Comes into play as well.","start":2832.61,"end":2833.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Comes","start":2832.61,"end":2832.77},{"text":"into","start":2832.77,"end":2833.05},{"text":"play","start":2833.05,"end":2833.33},{"text":"as","start":2833.33,"end":2833.57},{"text":"well.","start":2833.57,"end":2833.89}]},{"text":"So how can we close these gaps with all of this understanding?","start":2834.13,"end":2838.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2834.13,"end":2834.41},{"text":"how","start":2834.41,"end":2834.57},{"text":"can","start":2834.57,"end":2834.85},{"text":"we","start":2835.41,"end":2835.77},{"text":"close","start":2835.77,"end":2836.13},{"text":"these","start":2836.21,"end":2836.53},{"text":"gaps","start":2836.53,"end":2836.89},{"text":"with","start":2836.89,"end":2837.13},{"text":"all","start":2837.13,"end":2837.29},{"text":"of","start":2837.29,"end":2837.45},{"text":"this","start":2837.45,"end":2837.65},{"text":"understanding?","start":2837.65,"end":2838.45}]},{"text":"And how can legal protections therefore become lived experiences for women in rural communities?","start":2838.45,"end":2844.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2838.45,"end":2838.81},{"text":"how","start":2838.81,"end":2839.09},{"text":"can","start":2839.09,"end":2839.29},{"text":"legal","start":2839.29,"end":2839.65},{"text":"protections","start":2839.65,"end":2840.25},{"text":"therefore","start":2840.25,"end":2840.69},{"text":"become","start":2840.69,"end":2841.01},{"text":"lived","start":2841.33,"end":2841.85},{"text":"experiences","start":2841.85,"end":2842.69},{"text":"for","start":2842.93,"end":2843.25},{"text":"women","start":2843.25,"end":2843.53},{"text":"in","start":2843.53,"end":2843.77},{"text":"rural","start":2843.77,"end":2844.09},{"text":"communities?","start":2844.09,"end":2844.69}]},{"text":"Over to you.","start":2845.01,"end":2845.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":2845.01,"end":2845.33},{"text":"to","start":2845.33,"end":2845.53},{"text":"you.","start":2845.53,"end":2845.81}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2845.97,"end":2846.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2845.97,"end":2846.29},{"text":"you","start":2846.29,"end":2846.41},{"text":"very","start":2846.41,"end":2846.57},{"text":"much.","start":2846.57,"end":2846.85}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Tale Mufugen","affiliation":"CGE","affiliation_full":"CGE","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":10,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.","start":2852.93,"end":2855.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":2852.93,"end":2853.25},{"text":"afternoon,","start":2853.25,"end":2853.81},{"text":"ladies","start":2853.81,"end":2854.21},{"text":"and","start":2854.21,"end":2854.41},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":2854.41,"end":2855.01}]},{"text":"I will stand by the protocols established earlier.","start":2855.65,"end":2858.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2855.65,"end":2855.97},{"text":"will","start":2855.97,"end":2856.29},{"text":"stand","start":2856.29,"end":2856.61},{"text":"by","start":2856.61,"end":2856.85},{"text":"the","start":2856.85,"end":2857.05},{"text":"protocols","start":2857.05,"end":2857.61},{"text":"established","start":2857.61,"end":2858.13},{"text":"earlier.","start":2858.13,"end":2858.45}]},{"text":"It is my pleasure to be here today representing the Zimbabwe Gender Commission, an independent constitutional body which monitors implementation of gender equality in Zimbabwe.","start":2859.86,"end":2871.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2859.86,"end":2859.98},{"text":"is","start":2859.98,"end":2860.18},{"text":"my","start":2860.18,"end":2860.38},{"text":"pleasure","start":2860.38,"end":2860.86},{"text":"to","start":2860.86,"end":2861.1},{"text":"be","start":2861.1,"end":2861.3},{"text":"here","start":2861.3,"end":2861.62},{"text":"today","start":2861.62,"end":2862.02},{"text":"representing","start":2862.1,"end":2862.62},{"text":"the","start":2862.62,"end":2862.78},{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":2862.78,"end":2863.34},{"text":"Gender","start":2863.34,"end":2863.62},{"text":"Commission,","start":2863.62,"end":2863.94},{"text":"an","start":2864.74,"end":2865.06},{"text":"independent","start":2865.06,"end":2865.7},{"text":"constitutional","start":2865.94,"end":2866.86},{"text":"body","start":2866.86,"end":2867.14},{"text":"which","start":2867.3,"end":2867.62},{"text":"monitors","start":2867.62,"end":2868.18},{"text":"implementation","start":2868.18,"end":2868.9},{"text":"of","start":2868.9,"end":2869.14},{"text":"gender","start":2869.14,"end":2869.46},{"text":"equality","start":2869.46,"end":2870.06},{"text":"in","start":2870.06,"end":2870.3},{"text":"Zimbabwe.","start":2870.3,"end":2871.06}]},{"text":"I wish to extend my sincere gratitude to the Commission for Gender Equality for South Africa for convening this important dialogue.","start":2871.38,"end":2881.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2871.38,"end":2871.66},{"text":"wish","start":2871.66,"end":2871.86},{"text":"to","start":2871.86,"end":2871.98},{"text":"extend","start":2871.98,"end":2872.42},{"text":"my","start":2872.42,"end":2872.82},{"text":"sincere","start":2872.98,"end":2873.54},{"text":"gratitude","start":2873.54,"end":2874.18},{"text":"to","start":2874.58,"end":2874.859},{"text":"the","start":2874.859,"end":2875.02},{"text":"Commission","start":2875.02,"end":2875.3},{"text":"for","start":2875.38,"end":2875.7},{"text":"Gender","start":2875.7,"end":2876.02},{"text":"Equality","start":2876.02,"end":2876.66},{"text":"for","start":2877.7,"end":2878.02},{"text":"South","start":2878.02,"end":2878.26},{"text":"Africa","start":2878.26,"end":2878.58},{"text":"for","start":2879.06,"end":2879.38},{"text":"convening","start":2879.38,"end":2879.98},{"text":"this","start":2879.98,"end":2880.18},{"text":"important","start":2880.18,"end":2880.5},{"text":"dialogue.","start":2880.58,"end":2881.38}]},{"text":"The issue before us, women access to communal land is a reflection of persistent systemic inequalities.","start":2881.62,"end":2890.38,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2881.62,"end":2881.94},{"text":"issue","start":2881.94,"end":2882.22},{"text":"before","start":2882.22,"end":2882.58},{"text":"us,","start":2882.58,"end":2882.98},{"text":"women","start":2883.54,"end":2883.94},{"text":"access","start":2884.1,"end":2884.5},{"text":"to","start":2884.5,"end":2884.82},{"text":"communal","start":2884.82,"end":2885.3},{"text":"land","start":2885.3,"end":2885.62},{"text":"is","start":2886.14,"end":2886.26},{"text":"a","start":2886.26,"end":2886.42},{"text":"reflection","start":2886.42,"end":2887.02},{"text":"of","start":2887.02,"end":2887.34},{"text":"persistent","start":2887.34,"end":2888.14},{"text":"systemic","start":2888.22,"end":2889.02},{"text":"inequalities.","start":2889.5,"end":2890.38}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Women's access to land remains one of the most deeply contested and least realized gender justice issues, not only in Zimbabwe, but across the African continent.","start":2891.1,"end":2903.66,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Women's","start":2891.1,"end":2891.66},{"text":"access","start":2891.66,"end":2891.94},{"text":"to","start":2891.94,"end":2892.18},{"text":"land","start":2892.18,"end":2892.46},{"text":"remains","start":2892.54,"end":2893.02},{"text":"one","start":2893.02,"end":2893.22},{"text":"of","start":2893.22,"end":2893.38},{"text":"the","start":2893.38,"end":2893.58},{"text":"most","start":2893.58,"end":2893.9},{"text":"deeply","start":2894.62,"end":2895.1},{"text":"contested","start":2895.1,"end":2895.9},{"text":"and","start":2895.98,"end":2896.3},{"text":"least","start":2896.3,"end":2896.58},{"text":"realized","start":2896.58,"end":2897.26},{"text":"gender","start":2898.06,"end":2898.54},{"text":"justice","start":2898.54,"end":2899.1},{"text":"issues,","start":2899.18,"end":2899.58},{"text":"not","start":2900.3,"end":2900.58},{"text":"only","start":2900.58,"end":2900.78},{"text":"in","start":2900.78,"end":2901.02},{"text":"Zimbabwe,","start":2901.02,"end":2901.74},{"text":"but","start":2901.82,"end":2902.099},{"text":"across","start":2902.099,"end":2902.34},{"text":"the","start":2902.34,"end":2902.62},{"text":"African","start":2902.62,"end":2903.1},{"text":"continent.","start":2903.1,"end":2903.66}]},{"text":"Despite progressive legal reforms, the reality on the ground tells a very different story.","start":2904.46,"end":2909.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":2904.46,"end":2904.86},{"text":"progressive","start":2904.94,"end":2905.62},{"text":"legal","start":2905.62,"end":2905.98},{"text":"reforms,","start":2905.98,"end":2906.46},{"text":"the","start":2906.7,"end":2906.98},{"text":"reality","start":2906.98,"end":2907.5},{"text":"on","start":2907.5,"end":2907.66},{"text":"the","start":2907.66,"end":2907.78},{"text":"ground","start":2907.78,"end":2908.02},{"text":"tells","start":2908.02,"end":2908.38},{"text":"a","start":2908.38,"end":2908.46},{"text":"very","start":2908.46,"end":2908.62},{"text":"different","start":2908.62,"end":2908.94},{"text":"story.","start":2909.02,"end":2909.42}]},{"text":"One way Patrick sit systems continue to shape who owns the land, who controls it, and who benefits from Is our hope that by the end of this engagement we will live not only with a sharper diagnosis of the problem, but with concrete and actionable strategies to transform land tenure systems, making them inclusive, equitable, and truly accessible for the women in Africa.","start":2909.98,"end":2936.98,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and marginalized women, and reforming laws and institutions that reproduce these 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the Zimbabwean context, we look at how the institutional power imbalances between the traditional leaders and equity oversight bodies can be recalibrated to ensure that constitutional protections meaningfully override discriminatory customary interpretations.","start":2937.92,"end":2956.32,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2937.92,"end":2938.04},{"text":"the","start":2938.04,"end":2938.2},{"text":"Zimbabwean","start":2938.2,"end":2938.88},{"text":"context,","start":2938.88,"end":2939.44},{"text":"we","start":2940.08,"end":2940.4},{"text":"look","start":2940.4,"end":2940.6},{"text":"at","start":2940.6,"end":2940.76},{"text":"how","start":2940.76,"end":2940.96},{"text":"the","start":2940.96,"end":2941.24},{"text":"institutional","start":2941.24,"end":2942.08},{"text":"power","start":2942.16,"end":2942.52},{"text":"imbalances","start":2942.52,"end":2943.2},{"text":"between","start":2943.52,"end":2943.92},{"text":"the","start":2943.92,"end":2944.2},{"text":"traditional","start":2944.2,"end":2944.8},{"text":"leaders","start":2944.8,"end":2945.12},{"text":"and","start":2945.52,"end":2945.84},{"text":"equity","start":2945.84,"end":2946.36},{"text":"oversight","start":2946.36,"end":2946.96},{"text":"bodies","start":2946.96,"end":2947.44},{"text":"can","start":2947.52,"end":2947.84},{"text":"be","start":2947.84,"end":2948.08},{"text":"recalibrated","start":2948.08,"end":2949.12},{"text":"to","start":2949.28,"end":2949.52},{"text":"ensure","start":2949.52,"end":2949.76},{"text":"that","start":2949.76,"end":2950.08},{"text":"constitutional","start":2950.08,"end":2950.88},{"text":"protections","start":2950.88,"end":2951.68},{"text":"meaningfully","start":2952,"end":2952.68},{"text":"override","start":2952.68,"end":2953.28},{"text":"discriminatory","start":2953.28,"end":2954.08},{"text":"customary","start":2954.72,"end":2955.44},{"text":"interpretations.","start":2955.44,"end":2956.32}]},{"text":"The Zimbabwean Constitution is among the most genders progressive in the world, specifically mandating under section 17 that the state ensures women have access to resources, including land, on the basis of equality.","start":2956.72,"end":2972.37,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2956.72,"end":2957.04},{"text":"Zimbabwean","start":2957.04,"end":2957.72},{"text":"Constitution","start":2957.72,"end":2958.4},{"text":"is","start":2958.72,"end":2959},{"text":"among","start":2959,"end":2959.28},{"text":"the","start":2959.28,"end":2959.52},{"text":"most","start":2959.52,"end":2959.76},{"text":"genders","start":2959.84,"end":2960.52},{"text":"progressive","start":2960.52,"end":2961.16},{"text":"in","start":2961.16,"end":2961.44},{"text":"the","start":2961.44,"end":2961.6},{"text":"world,","start":2961.6,"end":2961.84},{"text":"specifically","start":2962.4,"end":2963.12},{"text":"mandating","start":2963.12,"end":2963.68},{"text":"under","start":2963.76,"end":2964.08},{"text":"section","start":2964.08,"end":2964.48},{"text":"17","start":2964.48,"end":2964.8},{"text":"that","start":2965.81,"end":2966.01},{"text":"the","start":2966.01,"end":2966.25},{"text":"state","start":2966.25,"end":2966.53},{"text":"ensures","start":2966.53,"end":2967.21},{"text":"women","start":2967.21,"end":2967.53},{"text":"have","start":2967.53,"end":2967.85},{"text":"access","start":2967.85,"end":2968.21},{"text":"to","start":2968.53,"end":2968.85},{"text":"resources,","start":2968.85,"end":2969.45},{"text":"including","start":2969.45,"end":2969.81},{"text":"land,","start":2969.97,"end":2970.37},{"text":"on","start":2970.85,"end":2971.13},{"text":"the","start":2971.13,"end":2971.25},{"text":"basis","start":2971.25,"end":2971.53},{"text":"of","start":2971.53,"end":2971.73},{"text":"equality.","start":2971.73,"end":2972.37}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"This is, however, not the reality for rural women in Zimbabwe, where 90% of communal land is controlled by men.","start":2973.09,"end":2981.25,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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and the Communal Land act and the Traditional Leaders Act.","start":2982.13,"end":2988.93,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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strategies can be utilized.","start":2989.49,"end":3004.53,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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first one is ensuring constitutional supremacy over custom in Zimbabwe.","start":3004.85,"end":3011.57,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3004.85,"end":3005.13},{"text":"first","start":3005.13,"end":3005.37},{"text":"one","start":3005.37,"end":3005.73},{"text":"is","start":3005.73,"end":3006.05},{"text":"ensuring","start":3006.05,"end":3006.53},{"text":"constitutional","start":3007.09,"end":3007.85},{"text":"supremacy","start":3007.85,"end":3008.45},{"text":"over","start":3008.77,"end":3009.17},{"text":"custom","start":3009.17,"end":3009.57},{"text":"in","start":3010.61,"end":3010.89},{"text":"Zimbabwe.","start":3010.89,"end":3011.57}]},{"text":"The section 22.1 and section 8.3 of the Constitution as explicitly state that any custom, norm or tradition inconsistent with the supreme law is invalid.","start":3011.73,"end":3026.78,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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to make this meaningful, oversight bodies such as the Gender Commission must be empowered to review customary court decisions, particularly in cases involving women's rights to learn inheritance and gender based violence, ensuring that they align with Section 56 of the Constitution.","start":3027.42,"end":3049.07,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land 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second strategy we can utilize is legal harmonization and reform.","start":3050.11,"end":3054.99,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3050.11,"end":3050.39},{"text":"second","start":3050.39,"end":3050.67},{"text":"strategy","start":3050.99,"end":3051.51},{"text":"we","start":3051.51,"end":3051.67},{"text":"can","start":3051.67,"end":3051.87},{"text":"utilize","start":3051.87,"end":3052.43},{"text":"is","start":3052.67,"end":3052.99},{"text":"legal","start":3052.99,"end":3053.43},{"text":"harmonization","start":3053.43,"end":3054.11},{"text":"and","start":3054.11,"end":3054.43},{"text":"reform.","start":3054.43,"end":3054.99}]},{"text":"The current duality, where progressive national laws clash with deep seated traditions create a gap that the oversight bodies must bridge.","start":3055.39,"end":3064.67,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality 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Communal Land act is currently silent on women's independent rights.","start":3064.99,"end":3070.35,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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Traditional Leaders act empowers traditional leaders to allocate land according to customary law, which historically excludes women.","start":3086.28,"end":3095.08,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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provisions.","start":3095.64,"end":3101.23,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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enforced to ensure traditional leaders do not adjudicate on serious criminal matters such as rape and severe assault or inheritance dispute that violates the Constitution we also need to capacitate traditional leaders by training them on the constitution, focusing on human rights standards and to achieve their role from preserving antiquated customs to protecting the constitution.","start":3120.99,"end":3153.42,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so 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elders.","start":3159.26,"end":3165.82,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender quotas."}],"words":[{"text":"Traditionally,","start":3159.26,"end":3160.14},{"text":"leaders","start":3160.14,"end":3160.54},{"text":"are","start":3160.86,"end":3161.22},{"text":"often","start":3161.22,"end":3161.58},{"text":"advised","start":3161.58,"end":3162.22},{"text":"by","start":3162.22,"end":3162.62},{"text":"a","start":3162.86,"end":3163.14},{"text":"group","start":3163.14,"end":3163.3},{"text":"of","start":3163.3,"end":3163.5},{"text":"homogeneous","start":3163.5,"end":3164.22},{"text":"men","start":3164.22,"end":3164.54},{"text":"and","start":3164.78,"end":3165.14},{"text":"elders.","start":3165.14,"end":3165.82}]},{"text":"Broadening this base to include women and younger representatives alongside civil society in training workshops can lead to a more inclusive and can lead to more inclusive decision making at local level and also appointing female traditional leaders.","start":3166.3,"end":3185.49,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender quotas."},{"key":"community-led-policy","label":"Community-Led Policy and Participation","description":"Centering communities—especially rural women—in designing and deciding land governance reforms, shifting from top-down approaches to inclusive, participatory policymaking and knowledge 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actively increasing the number of women appointed as chiefs, head men and village heads is crucial as this has shown to adapt traditional institutions to modern constitutional to the modern constitutional world.","start":3187.01,"end":3202.21,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender 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next question is what can regional standard setting within Sadaq and broader African mechanism play in developing model frameworks that strengthen inheritance protections and prevent practical land allocations?","start":3203.67,"end":3219.67,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land rights."},{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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sister, Chairperson of the South African Commission, has touched on some of those rights and African benchmarks on gender land rights, but I would just touch on those that she has not touched on.","start":3221.75,"end":3237.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":3221.75,"end":3222.03},{"text":"sister,","start":3222.03,"end":3222.39},{"text":"Chairperson","start":3223.03,"end":3223.75},{"text":"of","start":3223.75,"end":3224.15},{"text":"the","start":3224.39,"end":3224.67},{"text":"South","start":3224.67,"end":3224.91},{"text":"African","start":3224.91,"end":3225.51},{"text":"Commission,","start":3225.59,"end":3225.99},{"text":"has","start":3226.55,"end":3226.87},{"text":"touched","start":3226.87,"end":3227.27},{"text":"on","start":3227.27,"end":3227.43},{"text":"some","start":3227.43,"end":3227.63},{"text":"of","start":3227.63,"end":3227.75},{"text":"those","start":3227.75,"end":3227.99},{"text":"rights","start":3229.4,"end":3229.64},{"text":"and","start":3229.88,"end":3230.28},{"text":"African","start":3231.08,"end":3231.68},{"text":"benchmarks","start":3231.68,"end":3232.2},{"text":"on","start":3232.2,"end":3232.4},{"text":"gender","start":3232.4,"end":3232.84},{"text":"land","start":3233.24,"end":3233.6},{"text":"rights,","start":3233.6,"end":3233.96},{"text":"but","start":3234.36,"end":3234.64},{"text":"I","start":3234.64,"end":3234.8},{"text":"would","start":3234.8,"end":3235},{"text":"just","start":3235,"end":3235.2},{"text":"touch","start":3235.2,"end":3235.48},{"text":"on","start":3235.48,"end":3235.68},{"text":"those","start":3235.68,"end":3235.88},{"text":"that","start":3235.88,"end":3236.2},{"text":"she","start":3236.6,"end":3236.88},{"text":"has","start":3236.88,"end":3237.04},{"text":"not","start":3237.04,"end":3237.2},{"text":"touched","start":3237.2,"end":3237.56},{"text":"on.","start":3237.56,"end":3237.8}]},{"text":"Section 21 of the Maputo Protocol actually recognizes women's rights to own and inherit property, including land.","start":3238.92,"end":3246.6,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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that Member States move towards allocating 30% of land to women through legislative and other mechanisms in order to facilitate their economic empowerment.","start":3249.96,"end":3270.32,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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17 of the Economic Empowerment of SADC Gender Development Protocol calls upon state parties to undertake reforms to give men and women equal rights and opportunity to economic resources and improve access to control and ownership over productive resources, land and other forms of property.","start":3271.04,"end":3294.52,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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18 Access to property and resources of the Sadat Gender and Development Protocol mandates state parties to review all policies and law that determine access to, control of and benefit from productive resources by women in order to end all discrimination against women and girls with regards to water rights and property such as land and tenure.","start":3295.16,"end":3320.66,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land rights."},{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and 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how can we close these gaps so that the legal protections become lived experience for rural 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increase women's representation, as I've alluded to already, in traditional leadership.","start":3354.63,"end":3360.87,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender 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we are to move forward beyond fragmented national effort and truly tackle global practical systems in communal land.","start":3375.33,"end":3385.01,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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collective land rights, overriding discriminatory customary inheritance norms while respecting positive communal traditions.","start":3393.2,"end":3422.22,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land rights."},{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"joint-titling-registration","label":"Joint Titling and Land Registration","description":"Mandating joint spousal titling and gender-responsive land registration processes to secure women's tenure and co-ownership, with administrative safeguards 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finance.","start":3450.87,"end":3460.79,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive processes."},{"key":"climate-resilience-and-land","label":"Climate Resilience and Land Rights","description":"Integrating women’s land rights into climate adaptation and sustainable agriculture policies, channeling resources to women-led cooperatives and recognizing climate pressures on tenure 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should also create mandatory regional targets requiring 50% of climate adoption adoption funds for agriculture to be channeled specifically to women led agricultural cooperatives.","start":3461.11,"end":3475.76,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land rights."},{"key":"climate-resilience-and-land","label":"Climate Resilience and Land Rights","description":"Integrating women’s land rights into climate adaptation and sustainable agriculture policies, channeling resources to women-led cooperatives and recognizing climate pressures on tenure 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ladies and gentlemen, as the Zimbabwe Agenda Commission we are, we promise to continue to enforce mandatory gender parity in local land governance structures and to also sensitize women on their land rights and empower them to claim their fair portion.","start":3496.61,"end":3518.53,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender quotas."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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I think the climate action strategies that you've just shared are really really important.","start":3535.9,"end":3540.78,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3535.9,"end":3536.18},{"text":"I","start":3536.18,"end":3536.3},{"text":"think","start":3536.3,"end":3536.42},{"text":"the","start":3536.42,"end":3536.58},{"text":"climate","start":3536.58,"end":3536.98},{"text":"action","start":3536.98,"end":3537.34},{"text":"strategies","start":3537.34,"end":3537.9},{"text":"that","start":3537.9,"end":3538.1},{"text":"you've","start":3538.1,"end":3538.38},{"text":"just","start":3538.38,"end":3538.54},{"text":"shared","start":3538.54,"end":3538.94},{"text":"are","start":3539.66,"end":3539.94},{"text":"really","start":3539.94,"end":3540.18},{"text":"really","start":3540.18,"end":3540.46},{"text":"important.","start":3540.46,"end":3540.78}]},{"text":"And I think also one thing that you said very clear, non discrimination in law but also in practice important for substantive 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so for you, from your perspective in Kenya, what institutional design improvements are necessary whether in land adjudication systems or dispute resolution mechanisms or even just country led 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heard now from our colleagues from Zimbabwe that we need resourcing for national human rights mechanisms as well and that accountability is actually part of this justice 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from Kenya's experience, how do you inform a cross country learning on climate response tenure systems?","start":3611.92,"end":3619.72,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3611.92,"end":3612.32},{"text":"from","start":3612.48,"end":3612.84},{"text":"Kenya's","start":3612.84,"end":3613.4},{"text":"experience,","start":3613.4,"end":3613.68},{"text":"how","start":3614.56,"end":3614.92},{"text":"do","start":3614.92,"end":3615.2},{"text":"you","start":3615.2,"end":3615.44},{"text":"inform","start":3615.44,"end":3615.76},{"text":"a","start":3615.84,"end":3616.08},{"text":"cross","start":3616.08,"end":3616.28},{"text":"country","start":3616.28,"end":3616.56},{"text":"learning","start":3616.64,"end":3617.2},{"text":"on","start":3617.6,"end":3617.92},{"text":"climate","start":3617.92,"end":3618.28},{"text":"response","start":3618.28,"end":3618.84},{"text":"tenure","start":3618.84,"end":3619.32},{"text":"systems?","start":3619.32,"end":3619.72}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Tale Mufugen","affiliation":"CGE","affiliation_full":"CGE","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":12,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"For example, that at the same Time strengthen women's land rights and promote of course, environmental sustainability.","start":3619.72,"end":3627.53,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilience-and-land","label":"Climate Resilience and Land Rights","description":"Integrating women’s land rights into climate adaptation and sustainable agriculture policies, channeling resources to women-led cooperatives and recognizing climate pressures on tenure security."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":3619.72,"end":3619.88},{"text":"example,","start":3619.88,"end":3620.4},{"text":"that","start":3620.8,"end":3621.2},{"text":"at","start":3621.2,"end":3621.48},{"text":"the","start":3621.48,"end":3621.64},{"text":"same","start":3621.64,"end":3621.8},{"text":"Time","start":3621.8,"end":3622.08},{"text":"strengthen","start":3622.32,"end":3622.96},{"text":"women's","start":3622.96,"end":3623.52},{"text":"land","start":3623.93,"end":3624.13},{"text":"rights","start":3624.13,"end":3624.49},{"text":"and","start":3624.65,"end":3625.05},{"text":"promote","start":3625.05,"end":3625.61},{"text":"of","start":3625.61,"end":3625.81},{"text":"course,","start":3625.81,"end":3626.05},{"text":"environmental","start":3626.05,"end":3626.85},{"text":"sustainability.","start":3626.85,"end":3627.53}]},{"text":"Thank you very 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Hon.","start":3630.25,"end":3635.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mauraria,","start":3630.25,"end":3631.13},{"text":"Allow","start":3631.29,"end":3631.69},{"text":"me","start":3631.69,"end":3631.97},{"text":"to","start":3631.97,"end":3632.17},{"text":"recognize","start":3632.17,"end":3632.81},{"text":"the","start":3633.29,"end":3633.53},{"text":"presence","start":3633.53,"end":3633.93},{"text":"of","start":3633.93,"end":3634.17},{"text":"the","start":3634.17,"end":3634.37},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":3634.37,"end":3634.97},{"text":"Hon.","start":3634.97,"end":3635.57}]},{"text":"Raheema Jeldeza of the Kenya National Gender and Equality 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father in law, May God raise her soul in peace in Meru, who had beautiful daughters and beautiful 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I give it back to the sons or do I keep it to myself?","start":3697.22,"end":3700.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":3697.22,"end":3697.5},{"text":"I","start":3697.5,"end":3697.66},{"text":"give","start":3697.66,"end":3697.82},{"text":"it","start":3697.82,"end":3697.98},{"text":"back","start":3697.98,"end":3698.14},{"text":"to","start":3698.14,"end":3698.3},{"text":"the","start":3698.3,"end":3698.46},{"text":"sons","start":3698.46,"end":3699.02},{"text":"or","start":3699.02,"end":3699.3},{"text":"do","start":3699.3,"end":3699.5},{"text":"I","start":3699.5,"end":3699.66},{"text":"keep","start":3699.66,"end":3699.82},{"text":"it","start":3699.82,"end":3699.98},{"text":"to","start":3699.98,"end":3700.14},{"text":"myself?","start":3700.14,"end":3700.58}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I've struggled with that for the last nine 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gender responsive adjudication system which has been introduced in Kenya has meaningfully led to establishment of various land committees where women are also 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resolutions to be gender sensitive under the Constitution 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process, gender discriminatory land records, monitoring frameworks and equitable access that prevent patriarchal culture.","start":3845.41,"end":3856.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Transparent","start":3845.41,"end":3846.05},{"text":"process,","start":3846.05,"end":3846.37},{"text":"gender","start":3846.77,"end":3847.33},{"text":"discriminatory","start":3847.41,"end":3848.29},{"text":"land","start":3848.29,"end":3848.65},{"text":"records,","start":3848.65,"end":3849.33},{"text":"monitoring","start":3849.65,"end":3850.37},{"text":"frameworks","start":3850.37,"end":3851.09},{"text":"and","start":3851.09,"end":3851.29},{"text":"equitable","start":3851.29,"end":3851.89},{"text":"access","start":3851.89,"end":3852.21},{"text":"that","start":3853.01,"end":3853.41},{"text":"prevent","start":3853.49,"end":3853.97},{"text":"patriarchal","start":3854.69,"end":3855.57},{"text":"culture.","start":3855.57,"end":3856.05}]},{"text":"The community land registrations and women inclusion in particular during the registration is also critical here, which has been seen since the 2010 constitution was 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Integration of women in community land governance, dispute resolution structures.","start":3896.49,"end":3903.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"2.","start":3896.49,"end":3896.89},{"text":"Integration","start":3897.45,"end":3898.13},{"text":"of","start":3898.13,"end":3898.41},{"text":"women","start":3898.41,"end":3898.73},{"text":"in","start":3898.73,"end":3899.09},{"text":"community","start":3899.09,"end":3899.45},{"text":"land","start":3899.61,"end":3899.97},{"text":"governance,","start":3899.97,"end":3900.57},{"text":"dispute","start":3901.05,"end":3901.77},{"text":"resolution","start":3901.93,"end":3902.61},{"text":"structures.","start":3902.61,"end":3903.21}]},{"text":"3.","start":3904.25,"end":3904.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"3.","start":3904.25,"end":3904.65}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Secure land rights supporting climate resilient and sustainable land 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finally, we are also digitalizing our land services.","start":3946.05,"end":3950.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3946.05,"end":3946.41},{"text":"finally,","start":3946.41,"end":3947.09},{"text":"we","start":3947.41,"end":3947.69},{"text":"are","start":3947.69,"end":3947.93},{"text":"also","start":3947.93,"end":3948.29},{"text":"digitalizing","start":3948.53,"end":3949.57},{"text":"our","start":3949.57,"end":3949.93},{"text":"land","start":3949.93,"end":3950.29},{"text":"services.","start":3950.29,"end":3950.69}]},{"text":"We have a system of addisasa, National Land Information Management System which has improved the management of land in terms of observing justice to women and our citizens in 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so our Last speaker is Mrs. Grace Malera who is the commissioner at the Malawi Human Rights 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I was sitting here and I thought I could share a little story.","start":4097.08,"end":4100.719,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I.","start":4097.08,"end":4097.29},{"text":"I","start":4097.359,"end":4097.479},{"text":"was","start":4097.479,"end":4097.639},{"text":"sitting","start":4097.639,"end":4097.879},{"text":"here","start":4097.879,"end":4098.079},{"text":"and","start":4098.079,"end":4098.279},{"text":"I","start":4098.279,"end":4098.439},{"text":"thought","start":4098.439,"end":4098.599},{"text":"I","start":4098.599,"end":4098.759},{"text":"could","start":4098.759,"end":4099.039},{"text":"share","start":4099.359,"end":4099.719},{"text":"a","start":4099.719,"end":4099.999},{"text":"little","start":4099.999,"end":4100.319},{"text":"story.","start":4100.319,"end":4100.719}]},{"text":"I get to be invited to what we call Tea parties where we women like to gather and share stories and have a resource person, someone comes and speaks to us about finance and so 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if you are from Zimbabwe, you can imagine that these women are women from Bordeaux.","start":4134.389,"end":4138.789,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4134.389,"end":4134.629},{"text":"if","start":4134.629,"end":4134.749},{"text":"you","start":4134.749,"end":4134.909},{"text":"are","start":4134.909,"end":4135.069},{"text":"from","start":4135.069,"end":4135.229},{"text":"Zimbabwe,","start":4135.229,"end":4135.949},{"text":"you","start":4135.949,"end":4136.149},{"text":"can","start":4136.149,"end":4136.269},{"text":"imagine","start":4136.269,"end":4136.629},{"text":"that","start":4136.629,"end":4136.829},{"text":"these","start":4136.829,"end":4137.029},{"text":"women","start":4137.029,"end":4137.269},{"text":"are","start":4137.269,"end":4137.509},{"text":"women","start":4137.509,"end":4137.749},{"text":"from","start":4137.749,"end":4138.029},{"text":"Bordeaux.","start":4138.029,"end":4138.789}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"You know, if you are from Kenya, that would be your 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that's what we see.","start":4217.6,"end":4219.76,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4217.6,"end":4218},{"text":"that's","start":4218.4,"end":4218.84},{"text":"what","start":4218.84,"end":4219.079},{"text":"we","start":4219.079,"end":4219.4},{"text":"see.","start":4219.4,"end":4219.76}]},{"text":"I think from listening from the speakers.","start":4220.16,"end":4222.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4220.16,"end":4220.4},{"text":"think","start":4220.4,"end":4220.64},{"text":"from","start":4220.64,"end":4221},{"text":"listening","start":4221,"end":4221.52},{"text":"from","start":4221.52,"end":4221.72},{"text":"the","start":4221.72,"end":4221.92},{"text":"speakers.","start":4221.92,"end":4222.56}]},{"text":"The case for Kenya, for South Africa, for Zimbabwe, is not any different from the case for 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women's claims will be trivialized.","start":4411.48,"end":4413.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4411.48,"end":4411.72},{"text":"women's","start":4411.72,"end":4412.2},{"text":"claims","start":4412.2,"end":4412.6},{"text":"will","start":4412.6,"end":4412.8},{"text":"be","start":4412.8,"end":4413},{"text":"trivialized.","start":4413,"end":4413.8}]},{"text":"They will not validate it.","start":4414.46,"end":4415.9,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, 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us?","start":4461.39,"end":4462.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":4461.39,"end":4461.71},{"text":"does","start":4461.71,"end":4461.95},{"text":"this","start":4461.95,"end":4462.19},{"text":"tell","start":4462.19,"end":4462.43},{"text":"us?","start":4462.43,"end":4462.75}]},{"text":"This tells us the intentionality of patriarchy.","start":4463.23,"end":4466.59,"topics":[{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and marginalized women, and reforming laws and institutions that reproduce these inequities."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4463.23,"end":4463.59},{"text":"tells","start":4463.59,"end":4464.03},{"text":"us","start":4464.03,"end":4464.27},{"text":"the","start":4464.51,"end":4464.79},{"text":"intentionality","start":4464.79,"end":4465.55},{"text":"of","start":4465.55,"end":4465.79},{"text":"patriarchy.","start":4465.79,"end":4466.59}]},{"text":"All of this is not by accident.","start":4467.3,"end":4468.82,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"All","start":4467.3,"end":4467.42},{"text":"of","start":4467.42,"end":4467.58},{"text":"this","start":4467.58,"end":4467.74},{"text":"is","start":4467.74,"end":4467.9},{"text":"not","start":4467.9,"end":4468.1},{"text":"by","start":4468.1,"end":4468.34},{"text":"accident.","start":4468.34,"end":4468.82}]},{"text":"All of this was created by a system that should favor men and implemented by men.","start":4469.62,"end":4477.06,"topics":[{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and marginalized women, and reforming laws and institutions that reproduce these inequities."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":4469.62,"end":4469.9},{"text":"of","start":4469.9,"end":4470.06},{"text":"this","start":4470.06,"end":4470.34},{"text":"was","start":4470.74,"end":4471.1},{"text":"created","start":4471.1,"end":4471.62},{"text":"by","start":4471.62,"end":4471.86},{"text":"a","start":4471.86,"end":4472.06},{"text":"system","start":4472.06,"end":4472.34},{"text":"that","start":4472.82,"end":4473.1},{"text":"should","start":4473.1,"end":4473.3},{"text":"favor","start":4473.3,"end":4473.78},{"text":"men","start":4473.78,"end":4474.1},{"text":"and","start":4474.74,"end":4475.14},{"text":"implemented","start":4475.7,"end":4476.42},{"text":"by","start":4476.42,"end":4476.7},{"text":"men.","start":4476.7,"end":4477.06}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Now, where do we come in?","start":4478.1,"end":4480.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":4478.1,"end":4478.42},{"text":"where","start":4478.42,"end":4478.7},{"text":"do","start":4478.7,"end":4478.94},{"text":"we","start":4478.94,"end":4479.22},{"text":"come","start":4479.46,"end":4479.78},{"text":"in?","start":4479.78,"end":4480.1}]},{"text":"As national human rights institutions in Malawi, we conducted a study.","start":4480.58,"end":4484.74,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4480.58,"end":4480.94},{"text":"national","start":4480.94,"end":4481.3},{"text":"human","start":4481.3,"end":4481.62},{"text":"rights","start":4481.62,"end":4481.86},{"text":"institutions","start":4481.86,"end":4482.34},{"text":"in","start":4482.42,"end":4482.699},{"text":"Malawi,","start":4482.699,"end":4483.46},{"text":"we","start":4483.46,"end":4483.74},{"text":"conducted","start":4483.74,"end":4484.22},{"text":"a","start":4484.22,"end":4484.42},{"text":"study.","start":4484.42,"end":4484.74}]},{"text":"We literally went out to talk to the women that I'm talking about here.","start":4485.14,"end":4489.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4485.14,"end":4485.42},{"text":"literally","start":4485.42,"end":4485.82},{"text":"went","start":4485.82,"end":4486.14},{"text":"out","start":4486.14,"end":4486.5},{"text":"to","start":4486.66,"end":4486.94},{"text":"talk","start":4486.94,"end":4487.14},{"text":"to","start":4487.14,"end":4487.3},{"text":"the","start":4487.3,"end":4487.42},{"text":"women","start":4487.42,"end":4487.66},{"text":"that","start":4487.66,"end":4487.9},{"text":"I'm","start":4487.9,"end":4488.1},{"text":"talking","start":4488.1,"end":4488.34},{"text":"about","start":4488.34,"end":4488.66},{"text":"here.","start":4488.66,"end":4489.06}]},{"text":"With the TMG Think Tank for Sustainability and the Danish Institute for Human Rights, we actually developed what we call a land governance monitoring tool, where we went to document, to have the women tell their stories and to build empowerment from their own stories.","start":4489.86,"end":4507.92,"topics":[{"key":"community-led-policy","label":"Community-Led Policy and Participation","description":"Centering communities—especially rural women—in designing and deciding land governance reforms, shifting from top-down approaches to inclusive, participatory policymaking and knowledge 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registered, we need to provide legal literacy that women need to know that they should be joint co owners.","start":4554.62,"end":4565.5,"topics":[{"key":"joint-titling-registration","label":"Joint Titling and Land Registration","description":"Mandating joint spousal titling and gender-responsive land registration processes to secure women's tenure and co-ownership, with administrative safeguards and independent interviewing."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and childcare-sensitive 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need gender balanced land governance bodies.","start":4566.22,"end":4568.78,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and leadership within traditional and local land governance structures, including appointing female traditional leaders and meeting gender quotas."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4566.22,"end":4566.5},{"text":"need","start":4566.5,"end":4566.74},{"text":"gender","start":4566.74,"end":4567.1},{"text":"balanced","start":4567.1,"end":4567.58},{"text":"land","start":4567.58,"end":4567.82},{"text":"governance","start":4567.82,"end":4568.3},{"text":"bodies.","start":4568.3,"end":4568.78}]},{"text":"The law provides for 50% women representation in the local structures, but this is being slowly implemented.","start":4568.94,"end":4577.84,"topics":[{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land Governance","description":"Ensuring women's meaningful representation and 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harmonization.","start":4582,"end":4584.48,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":4582,"end":4582.4},{"text":"three,","start":4582.4,"end":4582.8},{"text":"we","start":4583.36,"end":4583.64},{"text":"need","start":4583.64,"end":4583.84},{"text":"harmonization.","start":4583.84,"end":4584.48}]},{"text":"So I heard from the other jurisdictions you are talking of harmonizing the laws on land, but we need to go beyond that.","start":4584.72,"end":4592.32,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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must be harmonization of laws on land, marriage and inheritance.","start":4592.48,"end":4597.76,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":4592.48,"end":4592.76},{"text":"must","start":4592.76,"end":4593},{"text":"be","start":4593,"end":4593.36},{"text":"harmonization","start":4593.52,"end":4594.24},{"text":"of","start":4594.64,"end":4594.96},{"text":"laws","start":4594.96,"end":4595.28},{"text":"on","start":4595.28,"end":4595.48},{"text":"land,","start":4595.48,"end":4595.84},{"text":"marriage","start":4596.24,"end":4596.76},{"text":"and","start":4596.76,"end":4597.08},{"text":"inheritance.","start":4597.08,"end":4597.76}]},{"text":"I think this is where the complexity arises 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will not go into the role what we can do at the level of SADC and using the Maputo protocol that has been ably presented by my fellow panelists, I want to conclude by saying that we are not here to debate whether women deserve land rights.","start":4666.55,"end":4684.16,"topics":[{"key":"regional-standards-coordination","label":"Regional Standards and Coordination","description":"Using AU, SADC, CEDAW, and CSW frameworks to set binding regional targets and harmonize national laws, enabling coordinated, scalable reforms on women's land 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law is clear.","start":4684.8,"end":4685.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4684.8,"end":4685.12},{"text":"law","start":4685.12,"end":4685.36},{"text":"is","start":4685.36,"end":4685.6},{"text":"clear.","start":4685.6,"end":4685.92}]},{"text":"We are here to confront the structural gap between what the law promises and what women experience on the ground.","start":4686.48,"end":4693.2,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"access-to-justice","label":"Access to Justice for Rural Women","description":"Removing practical barriers and expanding justice beyond courts to ensure rural women can claim land rights, through simplified dispute resolution, legal literacy, proximity, and 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for your attention.","start":4693.36,"end":4694.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4693.36,"end":4693.64},{"text":"thank","start":4693.64,"end":4693.84},{"text":"you","start":4693.84,"end":4693.96},{"text":"for","start":4693.96,"end":4694.12},{"text":"your","start":4694.12,"end":4694.28},{"text":"attention.","start":4694.28,"end":4694.64}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Grace Malera","affiliation":"MHRC","affiliation_full":"MHRC","group":null,"function":"Commissioner"}},{"statement_number":16,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much for those very actionable, measurable, enforceable ideas and recommendations that you have given 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has gone on this way.","start":4707.69,"end":4713.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4707.69,"end":4707.93},{"text":"in","start":4708.01,"end":4708.33},{"text":"closing,","start":4708.33,"end":4708.89},{"text":"and","start":4708.89,"end":4709.29},{"text":"because","start":4709.29,"end":4709.61},{"text":"we've","start":4709.61,"end":4709.89},{"text":"just","start":4709.89,"end":4710.05},{"text":"run","start":4710.05,"end":4710.21},{"text":"out","start":4710.21,"end":4710.37},{"text":"of","start":4710.37,"end":4710.53},{"text":"time,","start":4710.53,"end":4710.77},{"text":"this","start":4710.77,"end":4711.09},{"text":"conversation","start":4711.09,"end":4711.77},{"text":"has","start":4712.09,"end":4712.37},{"text":"gone","start":4712.37,"end":4712.61},{"text":"on","start":4712.61,"end":4712.77},{"text":"this","start":4712.77,"end":4712.93},{"text":"way.","start":4712.93,"end":4713.13}]},{"text":"But very well received and thank you to the panelists.","start":4713.13,"end":4715.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":4713.13,"end":4713.33},{"text":"very","start":4713.33,"end":4713.53},{"text":"well","start":4713.53,"end":4713.73},{"text":"received","start":4713.73,"end":4714.01},{"text":"and","start":4714.01,"end":4714.29},{"text":"thank","start":4714.29,"end":4714.49},{"text":"you","start":4714.49,"end":4714.57},{"text":"to","start":4714.57,"end":4714.69},{"text":"the","start":4714.69,"end":4714.85},{"text":"panelists.","start":4714.85,"end":4715.37}]},{"text":"I would like to invite Pili to give us the closing remarks and thank everybody.","start":4715.77,"end":4721.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4715.77,"end":4716.01},{"text":"would","start":4716.01,"end":4716.17},{"text":"like","start":4716.17,"end":4716.41},{"text":"to","start":4716.41,"end":4716.73},{"text":"invite","start":4717.61,"end":4718.17},{"text":"Pili","start":4718.17,"end":4718.89},{"text":"to","start":4719.05,"end":4719.41},{"text":"give","start":4719.41,"end":4719.65},{"text":"us","start":4719.65,"end":4719.81},{"text":"the","start":4719.81,"end":4720.01},{"text":"closing","start":4720.01,"end":4720.45},{"text":"remarks","start":4720.45,"end":4720.97},{"text":"and","start":4720.97,"end":4721.21},{"text":"thank","start":4721.21,"end":4721.49},{"text":"everybody.","start":4721.49,"end":4721.93}]},{"text":"She's the head of Department for Public Education and Information at the Commission for Gender Equality in South Africa.","start":4721.93,"end":4728.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"She's","start":4721.93,"end":4722.29},{"text":"the","start":4722.29,"end":4722.41},{"text":"head","start":4722.41,"end":4722.57},{"text":"of","start":4722.57,"end":4722.81},{"text":"Department","start":4722.81,"end":4723.13},{"text":"for","start":4723.37,"end":4723.77},{"text":"Public","start":4724.09,"end":4724.49},{"text":"Education","start":4724.49,"end":4724.89},{"text":"and","start":4724.97,"end":4725.25},{"text":"Information","start":4725.25,"end":4725.53},{"text":"at","start":4725.69,"end":4725.97},{"text":"the","start":4725.97,"end":4726.13},{"text":"Commission","start":4726.13,"end":4726.41},{"text":"for","start":4726.73,"end":4727.01},{"text":"Gender","start":4727.01,"end":4727.37},{"text":"Equality","start":4727.37,"end":4727.85},{"text":"in","start":4727.85,"end":4728.05},{"text":"South","start":4728.05,"end":4728.25},{"text":"Africa.","start":4728.25,"end":4728.57}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And on my end, just a reminder that states have an obligation to vote full respect, but also to promote these rights that we speak of here today.","start":4728.89,"end":4737.94,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4728.89,"end":4729.17},{"text":"on","start":4729.17,"end":4729.33},{"text":"my","start":4729.33,"end":4729.53},{"text":"end,","start":4729.53,"end":4729.81},{"text":"just","start":4729.81,"end":4730.09},{"text":"a","start":4730.09,"end":4730.29},{"text":"reminder","start":4730.29,"end":4730.89},{"text":"that","start":4730.89,"end":4731.21},{"text":"states","start":4731.21,"end":4731.53},{"text":"have","start":4731.53,"end":4731.77},{"text":"an","start":4731.77,"end":4731.89},{"text":"obligation","start":4731.89,"end":4732.41},{"text":"to","start":4732.41,"end":4732.61},{"text":"vote","start":4732.61,"end":4732.75},{"text":"full","start":4732.98,"end":4733.14},{"text":"respect,","start":4733.14,"end":4733.46},{"text":"but","start":4733.78,"end":4734.06},{"text":"also","start":4734.06,"end":4734.3},{"text":"to","start":4734.3,"end":4734.58},{"text":"promote","start":4734.58,"end":4735.14},{"text":"these","start":4735.54,"end":4735.9},{"text":"rights","start":4735.9,"end":4736.22},{"text":"that","start":4736.22,"end":4736.46},{"text":"we","start":4736.46,"end":4736.62},{"text":"speak","start":4736.62,"end":4736.98},{"text":"of","start":4736.98,"end":4737.34},{"text":"here","start":4737.34,"end":4737.62},{"text":"today.","start":4737.62,"end":4737.94}]},{"text":"Over to you P. And thank you everybody for your patience.","start":4738.1,"end":4740.74,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":4738.1,"end":4738.42},{"text":"to","start":4738.42,"end":4738.58},{"text":"you","start":4738.58,"end":4738.74},{"text":"P.","start":4738.74,"end":4739.06},{"text":"And","start":4739.06,"end":4739.3},{"text":"thank","start":4739.3,"end":4739.5},{"text":"you","start":4739.5,"end":4739.62},{"text":"everybody","start":4739.62,"end":4739.98},{"text":"for","start":4739.98,"end":4740.14},{"text":"your","start":4740.14,"end":4740.3},{"text":"patience.","start":4740.3,"end":4740.74}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Tale Mufugen","affiliation":"CGE","affiliation_full":"CGE","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":17,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Honorable members, distinguished chairpersons, commissioners, colleagues and all stakeholders, good afternoon and good evening to the colleagues who are back at home in 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dialogue has made one fact unmistakably clear.","start":4768.54,"end":4772.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today's","start":4768.54,"end":4769.06},{"text":"dialogue","start":4769.06,"end":4769.54},{"text":"has","start":4769.54,"end":4769.74},{"text":"made","start":4769.74,"end":4769.98},{"text":"one","start":4769.98,"end":4770.26},{"text":"fact","start":4770.26,"end":4770.62},{"text":"unmistakably","start":4770.7,"end":4771.74},{"text":"clear.","start":4771.82,"end":4772.22}]},{"text":"It has actually highlighted that women's exclusion from communal land governance is not just incidental, it is systematic.","start":4772.94,"end":4781.02,"topics":[{"key":"communal-land-rights","label":"Communal Land Rights","description":"Women's secure access, ownership, and inheritance of communal land as a foundation for livelihoods, identity, and food security, and addressing systemic exclusion from land governance and benefits."},{"key":"women-in-land-governance","label":"Women in Land 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frameworks that do not recognize standardization culture and umtetwe sintu as it was actually presented earlier on by our colleague Zenande.","start":4781.58,"end":4799.97,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and enforceable."},{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender equality norms."},{"key":"colonial-legacy-and-patriarchy","label":"Colonial Legacy and Patriarchy","description":"Confronting the colonial and patriarchal structures that entrenched male control over land and 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see that customary systems that remain insufficiently harmonized with equality reforms.","start":4814.66,"end":4820.9,"topics":[{"key":"legal-pluralism-harmonization","label":"Legal Pluralism and Harmonization","description":"Aligning customary and statutory/constitutional legal systems to ensure constitutional supremacy and human rights standards while respecting living customary law, so women's rights are recognized and 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think the Commissioner has just touched on that.","start":4853.13,"end":4855.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4853.13,"end":4853.37},{"text":"think","start":4853.37,"end":4853.49},{"text":"the","start":4853.49,"end":4853.65},{"text":"Commissioner","start":4853.65,"end":4854.29},{"text":"has","start":4854.29,"end":4854.57},{"text":"just","start":4854.57,"end":4854.81},{"text":"touched","start":4854.81,"end":4855.17},{"text":"on","start":4855.17,"end":4855.33},{"text":"that.","start":4855.33,"end":4855.61}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We continue to see weak accountability mechanisms and climate pressures that intensify women's lentina insecurity.","start":4856.33,"end":4864.11,"topics":[{"key":"accountability-oversight","label":"Accountability and Oversight","description":"Strengthening oversight of traditional courts and local land allocation authorities, establishing review and enforcement mechanisms to prevent discriminatory decisions and ensure compliance with gender 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