{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1a/k1aazmv02z","kaltura_id":"1_aazmv02z","title":"13th Meeting - 63rd Session of Human Rights Council","clean_title":"13th Meeting - 63rd Session of Human Rights Council","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1a/k1aazmv02z","date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-09-16T08:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"03:04:14","category":"Human Rights Council","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":"A/HRC/63/SR.13","pv_part":1,"slug":"hrc/63/13"},"metadata":{"summary":"63rd session of the Human Rights Council (07 September - 07 October 2026)","description":"ITEM 3: Interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence\nSPEAKERS:\nMr. Marcelo Vázquez Bermúdez, Vice-President of the Human Rights Council (Opening)\nMr. Bernard Duhaime, Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence (Introduction)\nEstonia (on behalf of a group of countries), Ms. Riia Salsa-Audiffren\nEuropean Union, Mr. Thiseas Poullos\nSierra Leone (on behalf of a group of countries), Mr. Samuel Saffa\nKenya (on behalf of the Group of African States), Mr. James Ndirangu Waweru\nRepublic of Korea, Mr. Lee Seunghoon\nUkraine, Mr. Yevhenii Tsymbaliuk\nMorocco, Mr. Abdeslam El Ouazzani\nArmenia, Ms. Ani Chakmishian\nNepal, Mr. Ram Prasad Subedi\nAzerbaijan, Mr. Anar Javadov\nIreland, Mr. Laurence Simms\nPeru, Mr. Walter Moscoso Rios\nRwanda, Mr. Fabrice Mihigo Safali\nUniversity for Peace, Mr. Carl Wulf\nIndonesia, Mr. M. Rudjimin\nMarshall Islands, Mr. Randon John\nTürkiye, Mr. Abbas Ali Necmioğlu\nAfghanistan, Mr. Nasir Ahmad Andisha\nSovereign Order of Malta, Mr. Michel Veuthey\nSudan, Mr. Abuzar Saad\nChile, Ms. Sofia Schultz\nMalaysia, Ms. Ainaa Lutfiah Binti Mohamed Zullcali\nCôte d'Ivoire, Ms. Assiata Kouadio\nZimbabwe, Mr. Tapiwa Fresh Godu\nUN Women, Ms. Adriana Quiñones\nGambia, Mr. Cherno Marenah\nParaguay, Ms. Ana Rolon Candía\nTogo, Mr. Toumeni Abalo Fawie\nChad, Mr. Mahamat Sefadine Annour\nLiechtenstein, Mr. Frank Büchel\nEgypt, Mr. Shady Hesham Ibrahem Elsheha\nEthiopia, Ms. Hana Teshome\nMali, Mr. Fily Sissoko\nMalawi, Ms. Angela Kaunda\nSwitzerland, Ms. Barbara Fontana\nCambodia, Mr. Koy Rattanakborin\nDemocratic Republic of the Congo, Mr. Serge Ndaie Musenge\nBrazil, Mr. Bruno Razente\nBurkina Faso, Mr. Joel Aristide Djiguemde\nPoland, Mr. Miroslaw Broilo\nDefensoría del Pueblo, Ms. Iris Marin Ortiz\nEthiopian Human Rights Commission, Mr. Berhanu Adello Gebremariam\nHuman Rights Commission, Ms. Alyson Kilpatrick\nConseil national des droits de l'homme, Ms. Mahjouba Bourehim\nIrish Human Rights and Equality Commission, Mr. Liam Herrick\nColombian Commission of Jurists, Ms. Ana María Rodríguez\nMouvement contre le racisme et pour l'amitié entre les peuples, Mr. Gianfranco Fattorini\nPasumai Thaayagam Foundation, Ms. Sarmila Varatharaj\nPax Romana (International Catholic Movement for Intellectual and Cultural Affairs and International Movement of Catholic Students), Mr. Prabodha Rathnayaka\nCentro de Estudios Legales y Sociales Asociación Civil, Ms. Marcela Ester Perelman\nInternational Yazidis Foundation for the Prevention of Genocide, Ms. Reem Serkal\nAccept International, Ms. Yuna Minami\nCairo Institute for Human Rights Studies, Ms. Mayssa Achek\nPeace Brigades International, Ms. Claire Moretto\nTumuku Development and Cultural Union, Mr. Khalilur Rahman\nMr. Bernard Duhaime, Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence (Final remarks)\n\n- ITEM 3: Interactive dialogue with the Working Group on the rights of peasants\nSPEAKERS:\nMr. Marcelo Vázquez Bermúdez, Vice-President of the Human Rights Council (Opening)\nMs. Shalmali Guttal, Member of the Working Group on the rights of peasants and other people working in rural areas\nGhana, Mr. Louis Dunu\nEuropean Union, Ms. Dilarde Teilane\nKenya (on behalf of Group of African States), Mr. James Ndirangu Waweru\nFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Ms. Anna Ricoy\nBolivia (Plurinational State of), Mr. Olmer Torrejón Alcoba\nCameroon, Ms. Nadjma Adoum\nEcuador, Mr. Walter Schuldt\nCôte d'Ivoire, Mr. Ekué Jean Marie Aka\nSudan, Mr. Abuzar Saad\nBurkina Faso, Ms. Sabine Bakyono Kanzie\nThailand, Ms. Pratana Disyatat\nIndonesia, Ms. Balqis Brilliante\nZambia, Ms. Musonda Ulaya\nBenin, Ms. Diane Sotindjo Loko\nGambia, Mr. Cherno Marenah\nParaguay, Ms. Amalia Franco\nTogo, Mr. Toumeni Abalo Fawie\nZimbabwe, Mr. Tapiwa Fresh Godu\nMalaysia, Mr. Muhammad Azhari Azmi\nUnited Republic of Tanzania, Mr. Abdallah Saleh Possi\nBangladesh, Mr. Aminul Islam\nMali, Mr. Fily Sissoko\nBrazil, Mr. Bruno Razente\nPeru, Mr. Walter Moscoso Rios\nPakistan, Mr. Adeel Mumtaz Khokhar\nSouth Africa, Mr. Terence Tshisevhe\nIraq, Mr. Jaffer Mohammed Ali Abud Abud\nCuba, Mr. Dayron Valido Escalona\nIndia, Ms. Barkha Tamrakar\nIran (Islamic Republic of), Mr. Seyed Hossein Zolfaghari\nAlgeria, Ms. Ahlem Sara Charikhi\nVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Mr. Luis Damiani Pellegrini\nEgypt, Ms. Soha Mohamed Tharwat\nArmenia, Ms. Ani Chakmishian\nMalawi, Ms. Angela Kaunda","categories":["Meetings & Events","Human Rights Council","Regular Sessions","63rd Session"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["HUMAN RIGHTS"],"corporate_name":["UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL - 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Senor Presidente, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, good morning.","start":53.19,"end":60.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":53.19,"end":53.59},{"text":"gracias.","start":53.59,"end":54.47},{"text":"Senor","start":55.07,"end":55.55},{"text":"Presidente,","start":55.63,"end":56.43},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":57.31,"end":58.27},{"text":"ladies","start":58.35,"end":58.71},{"text":"and","start":58.71,"end":58.83},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":58.83,"end":59.47},{"text":"good","start":59.63,"end":59.79},{"text":"morning.","start":59.79,"end":60.27}]},{"text":"It's an honor to be here.","start":61.15,"end":62.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":61.15,"end":61.47},{"text":"an","start":61.47,"end":61.55},{"text":"honor","start":61.55,"end":61.95},{"text":"to","start":61.95,"end":62.11},{"text":"be","start":62.11,"end":62.27},{"text":"here.","start":62.27,"end":62.67}]},{"text":"I'm very grateful.","start":63.03,"end":64.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":63.03,"end":63.23},{"text":"very","start":63.23,"end":63.47},{"text":"grateful.","start":63.47,"end":64.03}]},{"text":"Since my last interaction with the Human Rights Council in September 2025, I've had the privilege of meeting representatives of many member states, as well as civil society organizations, UN representatives, and other stakeholders, including from the digital sector.","start":65.07,"end":83.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":65.07,"end":65.55},{"text":"my","start":65.55,"end":65.67},{"text":"last","start":65.71,"end":66.03},{"text":"interaction","start":66.03,"end":66.67},{"text":"with","start":66.67,"end":66.99},{"text":"the","start":67.07,"end":67.23},{"text":"Human","start":67.23,"end":67.55},{"text":"Rights","start":67.55,"end":67.87},{"text":"Council","start":67.87,"end":68.51},{"text":"in","start":68.51,"end":68.67},{"text":"September","start":68.67,"end":69.39},{"text":"2025,","start":69.39,"end":70.43},{"text":"I've","start":71.03,"end":71.19},{"text":"had","start":71.19,"end":71.39},{"text":"the","start":71.39,"end":71.47},{"text":"privilege","start":71.47,"end":71.95},{"text":"of","start":71.95,"end":72.03},{"text":"meeting","start":72.03,"end":72.43},{"text":"representatives","start":72.43,"end":73.19},{"text":"of","start":73.19,"end":73.31},{"text":"many","start":73.31,"end":73.71},{"text":"member","start":74.19,"end":74.59},{"text":"states,","start":74.59,"end":75.15},{"text":"as","start":75.15,"end":75.31},{"text":"well","start":75.31,"end":75.71},{"text":"as","start":75.71,"end":75.95},{"text":"civil","start":75.95,"end":76.31},{"text":"society","start":76.31,"end":76.75},{"text":"organizations,","start":76.75,"end":77.79},{"text":"UN","start":78.67,"end":78.99},{"text":"representatives,","start":78.99,"end":79.71},{"text":"and","start":79.71,"end":79.83},{"text":"other","start":79.83,"end":80.11},{"text":"stakeholders,","start":80.11,"end":80.99},{"text":"including","start":81.07,"end":81.63},{"text":"from","start":81.63,"end":82.03},{"text":"the","start":82.03,"end":82.15},{"text":"digital","start":82.15,"end":82.67},{"text":"sector.","start":82.67,"end":83.15}]},{"text":"I would like to thank you all for your constructive engagement with my mandate.","start":84.03,"end":88.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":84.03,"end":84.11},{"text":"would","start":84.19,"end":84.35},{"text":"like","start":84.35,"end":84.59},{"text":"to","start":84.59,"end":84.83},{"text":"thank","start":84.91,"end":85.27},{"text":"you","start":85.27,"end":85.39},{"text":"all","start":85.39,"end":85.79},{"text":"for","start":86.03,"end":86.27},{"text":"your","start":86.27,"end":86.39},{"text":"constructive","start":86.39,"end":87.03},{"text":"engagement","start":87.03,"end":87.79},{"text":"with","start":88.11,"end":88.35},{"text":"my","start":88.35,"end":88.51},{"text":"mandate.","start":88.51,"end":88.91}]},{"text":"Regrettably, I was unable to undertake my country visit to Nepal on the initially scheduled dates of March and June 2026.","start":89.71,"end":96.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Regrettably,","start":89.71,"end":90.55},{"text":"I","start":90.55,"end":90.59},{"text":"was","start":90.59,"end":90.75},{"text":"unable","start":90.75,"end":91.03},{"text":"to","start":91.03,"end":91.11},{"text":"undertake","start":91.11,"end":91.63},{"text":"my","start":91.63,"end":91.71},{"text":"country","start":91.71,"end":92.07},{"text":"visit","start":92.07,"end":92.47},{"text":"to","start":92.47,"end":92.55},{"text":"Nepal","start":92.55,"end":93.15},{"text":"on","start":93.15,"end":93.39},{"text":"the","start":93.39,"end":93.51},{"text":"initially","start":93.51,"end":94.11},{"text":"scheduled","start":94.11,"end":94.63},{"text":"dates","start":94.63,"end":94.91},{"text":"of","start":94.91,"end":95.07},{"text":"March","start":95.07,"end":95.35},{"text":"and","start":95.35,"end":95.51},{"text":"June","start":95.51,"end":95.71},{"text":"2026.","start":95.71,"end":96.75}]},{"text":"I wish to express my sincere solidarity with the people of Nepal following the devastating disaster that has recently affected the 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I fully appreciate the considerable challenges currently facing the authorities.","start":108.19,"end":113.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":108.19,"end":108.39},{"text":"I","start":108.39,"end":108.43},{"text":"fully","start":108.43,"end":108.91},{"text":"appreciate","start":109.23,"end":110.19},{"text":"the","start":110.51,"end":110.63},{"text":"considerable","start":110.63,"end":111.31},{"text":"challenges","start":111.31,"end":111.79},{"text":"currently","start":111.79,"end":112.19},{"text":"facing","start":112.19,"end":112.59},{"text":"the","start":112.59,"end":112.71},{"text":"authorities.","start":112.71,"end":113.47}]},{"text":"In this difficult context, I would like to acknowledge and express my appreciation for the continued support of the Permanent Mission of Nepal in Geneva to make this visit a reality, and I reiterate my commitment to undertaking this important visit in November of 2026.","start":114.23,"end":131.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":114.23,"end":114.47},{"text":"this","start":114.47,"end":114.79},{"text":"difficult","start":114.79,"end":115.39},{"text":"context,","start":115.39,"end":115.91},{"text":"I","start":115.91,"end":115.95},{"text":"would","start":115.95,"end":116.07},{"text":"like","start":116.07,"end":116.27},{"text":"to","start":116.27,"end":116.35},{"text":"acknowledge","start":116.35,"end":116.87},{"text":"and","start":116.87,"end":116.99},{"text":"express","start":116.99,"end":117.43},{"text":"my","start":117.43,"end":117.55},{"text":"appreciation","start":117.55,"end":118.55},{"text":"for","start":118.87,"end":119.07},{"text":"the","start":119.07,"end":119.15},{"text":"continued","start":119.15,"end":119.75},{"text":"support","start":119.75,"end":120.31},{"text":"of","start":120.59,"end":120.67},{"text":"the","start":120.71,"end":120.87},{"text":"Permanent","start":120.87,"end":121.35},{"text":"Mission","start":121.35,"end":121.75},{"text":"of","start":121.75,"end":121.91},{"text":"Nepal","start":121.91,"end":122.31},{"text":"in","start":122.31,"end":122.39},{"text":"Geneva","start":122.39,"end":122.95},{"text":"to","start":123.27,"end":123.47},{"text":"make","start":123.47,"end":123.83},{"text":"this","start":123.83,"end":124.15},{"text":"visit","start":124.15,"end":124.51},{"text":"a","start":124.51,"end":124.55},{"text":"reality,","start":124.55,"end":125.27},{"text":"and","start":125.59,"end":125.79},{"text":"I","start":125.79,"end":125.83},{"text":"reiterate","start":125.83,"end":126.43},{"text":"my","start":126.43,"end":126.55},{"text":"commitment","start":126.55,"end":127.15},{"text":"to","start":127.15,"end":127.23},{"text":"undertaking","start":127.23,"end":127.91},{"text":"this","start":127.91,"end":128.23},{"text":"important","start":128.23,"end":128.79},{"text":"visit","start":128.79,"end":129.19},{"text":"in","start":129.67,"end":129.87},{"text":"November","start":129.87,"end":130.43},{"text":"of","start":130.43,"end":130.55},{"text":"2026.","start":130.55,"end":131.83}]},{"text":"As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the peace agreements this year, my visit would be a unique opportunity to supporting the transitional justice agenda in advancing the rights of Nepalese victims who have been waiting justice for far too long.","start":133.19,"end":148.55,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable 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would also like to express my thanks to the governments of Guatemala, Hungary and Timor-Leste for extending an invitation to my mandate just a few weeks after I sent them visit requests.","start":149.91,"end":163.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":149.91,"end":149.99},{"text":"would","start":149.99,"end":150.39},{"text":"also","start":150.47,"end":150.95},{"text":"like","start":150.95,"end":151.35},{"text":"to","start":151.35,"end":151.47},{"text":"express","start":151.47,"end":151.91},{"text":"my","start":151.91,"end":152.07},{"text":"thanks","start":152.07,"end":152.47},{"text":"to","start":152.47,"end":152.55},{"text":"the","start":152.55,"end":152.63},{"text":"governments","start":152.63,"end":153.19},{"text":"of","start":153.19,"end":153.35},{"text":"Guatemala,","start":153.75,"end":154.47},{"text":"Hungary","start":154.95,"end":155.59},{"text":"and","start":155.71,"end":155.95},{"text":"Timor-Leste","start":155.95,"end":156.59},{"text":"for","start":157.19,"end":157.39},{"text":"extending","start":157.39,"end":157.87},{"text":"an","start":157.87,"end":158.07},{"text":"invitation","start":158.07,"end":158.63},{"text":"to","start":158.63,"end":158.71},{"text":"my","start":158.71,"end":158.87},{"text":"mandate","start":158.87,"end":159.43},{"text":"just","start":159.99,"end":160.31},{"text":"a","start":160.39,"end":160.47},{"text":"few","start":160.47,"end":160.63},{"text":"weeks","start":160.63,"end":160.95},{"text":"after","start":160.95,"end":161.31},{"text":"I","start":161.31,"end":161.35},{"text":"sent","start":161.35,"end":161.67},{"text":"them","start":161.67,"end":161.91},{"text":"visit","start":162.23,"end":162.63},{"text":"requests.","start":162.63,"end":163.35}]},{"text":"I look forward to honouring these invitations at the earliest opportunity and I also express my gratitude to the government of the Marshall Islands for the support extended in facilitating my recent travel to the country.","start":164.55,"end":177.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":164.55,"end":164.71},{"text":"look","start":164.71,"end":164.87},{"text":"forward","start":164.87,"end":165.51},{"text":"to","start":165.75,"end":165.91},{"text":"honouring","start":165.91,"end":166.35},{"text":"these","start":166.35,"end":166.55},{"text":"invitations","start":166.55,"end":167.35},{"text":"at","start":167.43,"end":167.55},{"text":"the","start":167.55,"end":167.71},{"text":"earliest","start":167.83,"end":168.35},{"text":"opportunity","start":168.35,"end":169.27},{"text":"and","start":169.67,"end":169.91},{"text":"I","start":169.91,"end":169.95},{"text":"also","start":169.95,"end":170.19},{"text":"express","start":170.19,"end":170.63},{"text":"my","start":170.63,"end":170.79},{"text":"gratitude","start":170.79,"end":171.47},{"text":"to","start":171.99,"end":172.11},{"text":"the","start":172.11,"end":172.23},{"text":"government","start":172.23,"end":172.67},{"text":"of","start":172.67,"end":172.79},{"text":"the","start":172.79,"end":172.87},{"text":"Marshall","start":172.87,"end":173.27},{"text":"Islands","start":173.27,"end":173.63},{"text":"for","start":173.63,"end":173.75},{"text":"the","start":173.75,"end":173.83},{"text":"support","start":173.83,"end":174.27},{"text":"extended","start":174.27,"end":174.99},{"text":"in","start":174.99,"end":175.11},{"text":"facilitating","start":175.11,"end":175.87},{"text":"my","start":175.87,"end":175.99},{"text":"recent","start":175.99,"end":176.35},{"text":"travel","start":176.35,"end":176.75},{"text":"to","start":176.75,"end":176.87},{"text":"the","start":176.87,"end":176.95},{"text":"country.","start":176.95,"end":177.43}]},{"text":"Let me now turn to my newest thematic report, which addresses this year the issue of denialism, negationism, and revisionism of serious human rights violations and humanitarian law in transitional justice contexts.","start":178.55,"end":191.83,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":178.55,"end":178.79},{"text":"me","start":178.79,"end":178.91},{"text":"now","start":178.91,"end":179.19},{"text":"turn","start":179.19,"end":179.75},{"text":"to","start":179.99,"end":180.07},{"text":"my","start":180.07,"end":180.15},{"text":"newest","start":180.15,"end":180.79},{"text":"thematic","start":180.87,"end":181.35},{"text":"report,","start":181.35,"end":181.71},{"text":"which","start":181.71,"end":181.91},{"text":"addresses","start":181.91,"end":182.47},{"text":"this","start":182.47,"end":182.79},{"text":"year","start":182.79,"end":182.95},{"text":"the","start":182.95,"end":183.03},{"text":"issue","start":183.03,"end":183.35},{"text":"of","start":183.35,"end":183.47},{"text":"denialism,","start":183.47,"end":184.23},{"text":"negationism,","start":184.79,"end":185.75},{"text":"and","start":185.83,"end":185.99},{"text":"revisionism","start":185.99,"end":186.71},{"text":"of","start":186.71,"end":186.83},{"text":"serious","start":186.83,"end":187.23},{"text":"human","start":187.23,"end":187.51},{"text":"rights","start":187.51,"end":187.67},{"text":"violations","start":187.67,"end":188.23},{"text":"and","start":188.23,"end":188.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":188.35,"end":188.95},{"text":"law","start":188.95,"end":189.19},{"text":"in","start":189.59,"end":189.91},{"text":"transitional","start":189.91,"end":190.55},{"text":"justice","start":190.55,"end":191.03},{"text":"contexts.","start":191.03,"end":191.83}]},{"text":"In recent months, a wave of denialism statements of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations by state officials politicians, and other state actors have spread across various regions.","start":193.03,"end":205.59,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":193.03,"end":193.27},{"text":"recent","start":193.27,"end":193.59},{"text":"months,","start":193.59,"end":194.15},{"text":"a","start":194.47,"end":194.55},{"text":"wave","start":194.55,"end":194.95},{"text":"of","start":194.95,"end":195.03},{"text":"denialism","start":195.03,"end":195.67},{"text":"statements","start":195.67,"end":196.23},{"text":"of","start":196.23,"end":196.31},{"text":"serious","start":196.31,"end":196.67},{"text":"human","start":196.67,"end":196.95},{"text":"rights","start":196.95,"end":197.35},{"text":"and","start":197.67,"end":197.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":197.83,"end":198.55},{"text":"law","start":198.55,"end":198.67},{"text":"violations","start":198.67,"end":199.35},{"text":"by","start":199.35,"end":199.51},{"text":"state","start":199.51,"end":199.79},{"text":"officials","start":199.79,"end":200.55},{"text":"politicians,","start":201.07,"end":201.71},{"text":"and","start":201.71,"end":201.83},{"text":"other","start":201.83,"end":202.07},{"text":"state","start":202.07,"end":202.31},{"text":"actors","start":202.31,"end":202.79},{"text":"have","start":203.43,"end":203.67},{"text":"spread","start":203.67,"end":204.03},{"text":"across","start":204.03,"end":204.39},{"text":"various","start":204.39,"end":204.95},{"text":"regions.","start":204.95,"end":205.59}]},{"text":"Denialism is increasingly used to undermine transitional justice, propagate divisive narratives, and erode democratic institution and civic space.","start":206.59,"end":215.99,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Denialism","start":206.59,"end":207.27},{"text":"is","start":207.27,"end":207.39},{"text":"increasingly","start":207.39,"end":208.07},{"text":"used","start":208.07,"end":208.27},{"text":"to","start":208.27,"end":208.35},{"text":"undermine","start":208.35,"end":208.79},{"text":"transitional","start":208.79,"end":209.27},{"text":"justice,","start":209.27,"end":209.91},{"text":"propagate","start":210.31,"end":210.83},{"text":"divisive","start":210.83,"end":211.67},{"text":"narratives,","start":211.67,"end":212.47},{"text":"and","start":213.11,"end":213.39},{"text":"erode","start":213.39,"end":213.71},{"text":"democratic","start":213.71,"end":214.31},{"text":"institution","start":214.31,"end":214.99},{"text":"and","start":214.99,"end":215.11},{"text":"civic","start":215.11,"end":215.43},{"text":"space.","start":215.43,"end":215.99}]},{"text":"In the context of so-called post-truth populism, denialism reflects a troubling shift away from the truth as the foundation of accountability and evidence-based decision making, replacing it with emotionally charged narratives, identity affirmation, and political and social polarization.","start":217.27,"end":236.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":217.27,"end":217.39},{"text":"the","start":217.39,"end":217.51},{"text":"context","start":217.51,"end":217.99},{"text":"of","start":217.99,"end":218.07},{"text":"so-called","start":218.07,"end":218.63},{"text":"post-truth","start":218.71,"end":219.63},{"text":"populism,","start":219.83,"end":220.63},{"text":"denialism","start":220.95,"end":221.55},{"text":"reflects","start":221.55,"end":221.99},{"text":"a","start":221.99,"end":222.03},{"text":"troubling","start":222.03,"end":222.47},{"text":"shift","start":222.47,"end":222.79},{"text":"away","start":222.79,"end":223.03},{"text":"from","start":223.03,"end":223.23},{"text":"the","start":223.23,"end":223.31},{"text":"truth","start":223.31,"end":223.75},{"text":"as","start":224.15,"end":224.35},{"text":"the","start":224.35,"end":224.47},{"text":"foundation","start":224.47,"end":225.03},{"text":"of","start":225.03,"end":225.11},{"text":"accountability","start":225.11,"end":225.99},{"text":"and","start":226.07,"end":226.23},{"text":"evidence-based","start":226.23,"end":226.91},{"text":"decision","start":226.91,"end":227.35},{"text":"making,","start":227.35,"end":227.83},{"text":"replacing","start":228.59,"end":229.23},{"text":"it","start":229.23,"end":229.39},{"text":"with","start":229.39,"end":229.55},{"text":"emotionally","start":229.55,"end":230.19},{"text":"charged","start":230.19,"end":230.63},{"text":"narratives,","start":230.63,"end":231.47},{"text":"identity","start":232.03,"end":232.71},{"text":"affirmation,","start":232.71,"end":233.63},{"text":"and","start":233.79,"end":234.03},{"text":"political","start":234.03,"end":234.51},{"text":"and","start":234.51,"end":234.67},{"text":"social","start":234.67,"end":235.15},{"text":"polarization.","start":235.31,"end":236.27}]},{"text":"Let me be clear from the outset.","start":237.63,"end":241.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":237.63,"end":237.75},{"text":"me","start":237.75,"end":237.95},{"text":"be","start":237.95,"end":238.27},{"text":"clear","start":238.27,"end":238.83},{"text":"from","start":239.95,"end":240.27},{"text":"the","start":240.27,"end":240.39},{"text":"outset.","start":240.43,"end":241.07}]},{"text":"Denialism does not refer to the legitimate efforts to reexamine the past through new evidence, archives, or previously unheard testimonies.","start":241.71,"end":251.39,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Denialism","start":241.71,"end":242.43},{"text":"does","start":242.99,"end":243.23},{"text":"not","start":243.23,"end":243.55},{"text":"refer","start":243.55,"end":243.87},{"text":"to","start":243.87,"end":244.03},{"text":"the","start":244.03,"end":244.19},{"text":"legitimate","start":244.19,"end":244.91},{"text":"efforts","start":244.91,"end":245.39},{"text":"to","start":245.55,"end":245.75},{"text":"reexamine","start":245.75,"end":246.75},{"text":"the","start":247.07,"end":247.15},{"text":"past","start":247.15,"end":247.59},{"text":"through","start":247.59,"end":247.79},{"text":"new","start":247.79,"end":248.19},{"text":"evidence,","start":248.19,"end":248.83},{"text":"archives,","start":248.91,"end":249.51},{"text":"or","start":249.51,"end":249.63},{"text":"previously","start":249.63,"end":250.11},{"text":"unheard","start":250.11,"end":250.59},{"text":"testimonies.","start":250.59,"end":251.39}]},{"text":"Grounded in international standards related to transitional justice It refers to situations where individuals violate the inalienable rights of victims, their families and society to accurate, comprehensive and publicly accessible accounts of serious violations established through independent and impartial transitional justice processes.","start":252.11,"end":276.31,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Grounded","start":252.11,"end":252.83},{"text":"in","start":252.83,"end":253.07},{"text":"international","start":253.07,"end":253.71},{"text":"standards","start":253.71,"end":254.19},{"text":"related","start":254.19,"end":254.55},{"text":"to","start":254.55,"end":254.63},{"text":"transitional","start":254.63,"end":255.31},{"text":"justice","start":255.31,"end":255.95},{"text":"It","start":256.47,"end":256.71},{"text":"refers","start":256.71,"end":257.19},{"text":"to","start":257.19,"end":257.35},{"text":"situations","start":257.35,"end":258.39},{"text":"where","start":258.51,"end":258.87},{"text":"individuals","start":258.87,"end":259.71},{"text":"violate","start":259.71,"end":261.99},{"text":"the","start":262.15,"end":262.27},{"text":"inalienable","start":262.39,"end":263.19},{"text":"rights","start":263.19,"end":263.51},{"text":"of","start":263.51,"end":263.59},{"text":"victims,","start":263.59,"end":264.23},{"text":"their","start":264.47,"end":264.63},{"text":"families","start":264.63,"end":265.27},{"text":"and","start":265.35,"end":265.63},{"text":"society","start":265.63,"end":266.31},{"text":"to","start":266.63,"end":266.83},{"text":"accurate,","start":266.87,"end":267.59},{"text":"comprehensive","start":267.83,"end":268.71},{"text":"and","start":269.03,"end":269.19},{"text":"publicly","start":269.19,"end":269.63},{"text":"accessible","start":269.63,"end":270.15},{"text":"accounts","start":270.15,"end":270.51},{"text":"of","start":270.51,"end":270.59},{"text":"serious","start":270.59,"end":270.99},{"text":"violations","start":270.99,"end":271.71},{"text":"established","start":271.71,"end":272.43},{"text":"through","start":272.43,"end":272.63},{"text":"independent","start":272.71,"end":273.55},{"text":"and","start":273.91,"end":274.11},{"text":"impartial","start":274.11,"end":274.63},{"text":"transitional","start":274.63,"end":275.19},{"text":"justice","start":275.19,"end":275.59},{"text":"processes.","start":275.59,"end":276.31}]},{"text":"Mr. President, let me highlight the four main messages of the report.","start":277.27,"end":280.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":277.27,"end":277.59},{"text":"President,","start":277.59,"end":278.03},{"text":"let","start":278.03,"end":278.19},{"text":"me","start":278.19,"end":278.39},{"text":"highlight","start":278.39,"end":278.87},{"text":"the","start":278.87,"end":278.95},{"text":"four","start":278.95,"end":279.43},{"text":"main","start":279.43,"end":279.63},{"text":"messages","start":279.63,"end":280.07},{"text":"of","start":280.07,"end":280.15},{"text":"the","start":280.15,"end":280.27},{"text":"report.","start":280.27,"end":280.79}]},{"text":"First, Denialism affects all five pillars of transitional justice, namely truth, justice, reparation, memorialization, and guarantees of non-recurrence.","start":280.79,"end":291.07,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":280.79,"end":281.43},{"text":"Denialism","start":282.31,"end":282.83},{"text":"affects","start":282.83,"end":283.23},{"text":"all","start":283.47,"end":283.71},{"text":"five","start":283.71,"end":284.11},{"text":"pillars","start":284.11,"end":284.51},{"text":"of","start":284.51,"end":284.59},{"text":"transitional","start":284.59,"end":285.23},{"text":"justice,","start":285.23,"end":285.71},{"text":"namely","start":285.71,"end":286.07},{"text":"truth,","start":286.07,"end":286.51},{"text":"justice,","start":286.83,"end":287.47},{"text":"reparation,","start":287.79,"end":288.59},{"text":"memorialization,","start":288.67,"end":289.55},{"text":"and","start":289.55,"end":289.67},{"text":"guarantees","start":289.67,"end":290.15},{"text":"of","start":290.15,"end":290.27},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":290.27,"end":291.07}]},{"text":"However, it is not just a distortion or omission.","start":291.47,"end":294.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":291.47,"end":291.95},{"text":"it","start":291.95,"end":292.15},{"text":"is","start":292.15,"end":292.35},{"text":"not","start":292.35,"end":292.59},{"text":"just","start":292.59,"end":292.87},{"text":"a","start":292.87,"end":292.91},{"text":"distortion","start":292.91,"end":293.63},{"text":"or","start":293.63,"end":293.87},{"text":"omission.","start":293.87,"end":294.35}]},{"text":"It is an active effort to replace established accounts of past violations with new narratives that serve narrow political or ideological interests.","start":294.75,"end":305.31,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":294.75,"end":294.91},{"text":"is","start":294.91,"end":295.07},{"text":"an","start":295.07,"end":295.31},{"text":"active","start":295.39,"end":296.03},{"text":"effort","start":296.03,"end":296.59},{"text":"to","start":296.67,"end":296.79},{"text":"replace","start":296.79,"end":297.79},{"text":"established","start":297.79,"end":298.27},{"text":"accounts","start":298.27,"end":298.67},{"text":"of","start":298.67,"end":298.75},{"text":"past","start":298.75,"end":299.07},{"text":"violations","start":299.07,"end":299.71},{"text":"with","start":299.95,"end":300.19},{"text":"new","start":300.19,"end":300.51},{"text":"narratives","start":300.51,"end":301.03},{"text":"that","start":301.03,"end":301.19},{"text":"serve","start":301.19,"end":301.55},{"text":"narrow","start":301.55,"end":302.03},{"text":"political","start":302.03,"end":302.75},{"text":"or","start":303.07,"end":303.39},{"text":"ideological","start":303.55,"end":304.35},{"text":"interests.","start":304.51,"end":305.31}]},{"text":"Second.","start":305.79,"end":306.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second.","start":305.79,"end":306.35}]},{"text":"Denialism of past events is often accompanied by the silencing of dissenting voices and the suppression of pluralistic debate.","start":307.19,"end":314.71,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Denialism","start":307.19,"end":307.79},{"text":"of","start":307.79,"end":307.91},{"text":"past","start":307.91,"end":308.23},{"text":"events","start":308.23,"end":308.55},{"text":"is","start":308.55,"end":308.67},{"text":"often","start":308.67,"end":308.95},{"text":"accompanied","start":308.95,"end":309.59},{"text":"by","start":309.91,"end":310.07},{"text":"the","start":310.07,"end":310.15},{"text":"silencing","start":310.15,"end":310.83},{"text":"of","start":310.83,"end":310.95},{"text":"dissenting","start":310.95,"end":311.43},{"text":"voices","start":311.43,"end":311.99},{"text":"and","start":311.99,"end":312.15},{"text":"the","start":312.15,"end":312.23},{"text":"suppression","start":312.23,"end":313.31},{"text":"of","start":313.31,"end":313.39},{"text":"pluralistic","start":313.43,"end":314.19},{"text":"debate.","start":314.19,"end":314.71}]},{"text":"As such, it directly undermines core pillars of transitional justice, interfering with the victims' right to justice and reparations, limiting society's ability to understand the causes and consequences of violence, and weakening prospects for reconciliation and non-recurrence.","start":315.27,"end":333.35,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":333.91,"end":334.39},{"text":"denialism","start":334.79,"end":335.43},{"text":"is","start":335.43,"end":335.67},{"text":"amplified","start":335.75,"end":336.47},{"text":"by","start":336.47,"end":336.63},{"text":"recent","start":336.63,"end":337.15},{"text":"technological,","start":337.15,"end":337.99},{"text":"cultural,","start":337.99,"end":338.47},{"text":"social,","start":338.47,"end":338.95},{"text":"and","start":338.95,"end":339.07},{"text":"political","start":339.07,"end":339.59},{"text":"developments,","start":339.59,"end":340.31},{"text":"including","start":340.71,"end":341.27},{"text":"the","start":341.27,"end":341.35},{"text":"rise","start":341.35,"end":341.67},{"text":"of","start":341.67,"end":341.75},{"text":"social","start":341.75,"end":342.15},{"text":"media,","start":342.15,"end":342.55},{"text":"digital","start":342.87,"end":343.47},{"text":"technologies,","start":343.47,"end":344.23},{"text":"artificial","start":344.55,"end":345.07},{"text":"intelligence","start":345.07,"end":345.63},{"text":"systems,","start":345.63,"end":346.07},{"text":"and","start":346.07,"end":346.19},{"text":"the","start":346.19,"end":346.31},{"text":"promotion","start":346.31,"end":347.23},{"text":"and","start":347.23,"end":347.35},{"text":"monetization","start":347.35,"end":348.11},{"text":"of","start":348.11,"end":348.23},{"text":"conspiracy","start":348.23,"end":348.95},{"text":"theories.","start":348.95,"end":349.51}]},{"text":"Fourth, state responses to denialism, particularly through the adoption of memory laws or security laws, have in too many cases themselves become tools of restriction and denial.","start":350.71,"end":363.03,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":350.71,"end":351.19},{"text":"state","start":352.39,"end":352.79},{"text":"responses","start":352.79,"end":353.35},{"text":"to","start":353.35,"end":353.47},{"text":"denialism,","start":353.47,"end":354.23},{"text":"particularly","start":354.63,"end":355.23},{"text":"through","start":355.23,"end":355.35},{"text":"the","start":355.35,"end":355.47},{"text":"adoption","start":355.47,"end":355.95},{"text":"of","start":355.95,"end":356.07},{"text":"memory","start":356.07,"end":356.39},{"text":"laws","start":356.39,"end":356.71},{"text":"or","start":356.71,"end":356.79},{"text":"security","start":356.79,"end":357.35},{"text":"laws,","start":357.35,"end":357.67},{"text":"have","start":357.99,"end":358.39},{"text":"in","start":358.39,"end":358.63},{"text":"too","start":358.63,"end":358.95},{"text":"many","start":358.95,"end":359.15},{"text":"cases","start":359.15,"end":359.75},{"text":"themselves","start":359.91,"end":360.95},{"text":"become","start":360.95,"end":361.43},{"text":"tools","start":361.43,"end":361.75},{"text":"of","start":361.75,"end":361.83},{"text":"restriction","start":361.83,"end":362.43},{"text":"and","start":362.43,"end":362.59},{"text":"denial.","start":362.59,"end":363.03}]},{"text":"While states have a duty to prohibit advocacy of hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence, any such measures must strictly comply with the principles of legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination.","start":363.51,"end":378.11,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":363.51,"end":363.79},{"text":"states","start":363.79,"end":364.19},{"text":"have","start":364.19,"end":364.35},{"text":"a","start":364.35,"end":364.39},{"text":"duty","start":364.39,"end":364.83},{"text":"to","start":364.83,"end":364.99},{"text":"prohibit","start":364.99,"end":365.47},{"text":"advocacy","start":365.47,"end":366.11},{"text":"of","start":366.11,"end":366.35},{"text":"hatred","start":366.35,"end":366.87},{"text":"that","start":366.87,"end":366.99},{"text":"constitutes","start":366.99,"end":367.55},{"text":"incitement","start":367.55,"end":368.15},{"text":"to","start":368.15,"end":368.23},{"text":"discrimination,","start":368.23,"end":369.07},{"text":"hostility,","start":369.47,"end":370.03},{"text":"or","start":370.03,"end":370.19},{"text":"violence,","start":370.19,"end":370.83},{"text":"any","start":371.31,"end":371.71},{"text":"such","start":371.71,"end":372.11},{"text":"measures","start":372.11,"end":372.75},{"text":"must","start":372.75,"end":373.31},{"text":"strictly","start":373.31,"end":373.71},{"text":"comply","start":373.71,"end":374.19},{"text":"with","start":374.19,"end":374.31},{"text":"the","start":374.31,"end":374.39},{"text":"principles","start":374.39,"end":374.95},{"text":"of","start":374.95,"end":375.03},{"text":"legality,","start":375.03,"end":375.55},{"text":"necessity,","start":375.55,"end":376.11},{"text":"proportionality,","start":376.11,"end":376.95},{"text":"and","start":376.95,"end":377.11},{"text":"non-discrimination.","start":377.11,"end":378.11}]},{"text":"Combating denialism must never serve as a pretext for censorship or repression.","start":378.59,"end":384.99,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Combating","start":378.59,"end":379.39},{"text":"denialism","start":379.55,"end":380.55},{"text":"must","start":380.55,"end":380.79},{"text":"never","start":380.79,"end":381.23},{"text":"serve","start":381.23,"end":381.63},{"text":"as","start":381.63,"end":381.75},{"text":"a","start":381.75,"end":381.79},{"text":"pretext","start":381.79,"end":382.51},{"text":"for","start":382.67,"end":382.91},{"text":"censorship","start":382.91,"end":383.71},{"text":"or","start":383.95,"end":384.39},{"text":"repression.","start":384.39,"end":384.99}]},{"text":"Addressing denialism in a human rights-compliant manner is complex.","start":385.63,"end":389.63,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":385.63,"end":386.11},{"text":"denialism","start":386.11,"end":386.75},{"text":"in","start":386.75,"end":386.95},{"text":"a","start":386.95,"end":386.99},{"text":"human","start":386.99,"end":387.31},{"text":"rights-compliant","start":387.31,"end":388.11},{"text":"manner","start":388.11,"end":388.51},{"text":"is","start":388.75,"end":388.91},{"text":"complex.","start":388.91,"end":389.63}]},{"text":"It requires sustained political will.","start":389.87,"end":392.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":389.87,"end":390.03},{"text":"requires","start":390.03,"end":390.67},{"text":"sustained","start":390.67,"end":391.39},{"text":"political","start":391.39,"end":391.95},{"text":"will.","start":391.95,"end":392.43}]},{"text":"understood as a long-term and intergenerational commitment, supported by active public oversight and engagement.","start":392.79,"end":400.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"understood","start":392.79,"end":393.43},{"text":"as","start":393.43,"end":393.63},{"text":"a","start":393.63,"end":393.67},{"text":"long-term","start":393.67,"end":394.39},{"text":"and","start":394.39,"end":394.63},{"text":"intergenerational","start":394.63,"end":395.59},{"text":"commitment,","start":395.59,"end":396.31},{"text":"supported","start":396.63,"end":397.27},{"text":"by","start":397.27,"end":397.51},{"text":"active","start":397.51,"end":397.99},{"text":"public","start":397.99,"end":398.39},{"text":"oversight","start":398.63,"end":399.27},{"text":"and","start":399.27,"end":399.39},{"text":"engagement.","start":399.39,"end":400.15}]},{"text":"Excellencies, Mr. President, in this context, I would like to highlight four key considerations.","start":400.79,"end":406.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":400.79,"end":401.67},{"text":"Mr.","start":401.75,"end":402.07},{"text":"President,","start":402.07,"end":402.59},{"text":"in","start":402.63,"end":402.79},{"text":"this","start":402.79,"end":403.03},{"text":"context,","start":403.03,"end":403.51},{"text":"I","start":403.51,"end":403.59},{"text":"would","start":403.59,"end":403.75},{"text":"like","start":403.75,"end":403.99},{"text":"to","start":403.99,"end":404.07},{"text":"highlight","start":404.07,"end":404.55},{"text":"four","start":404.55,"end":404.95},{"text":"key","start":404.95,"end":405.27},{"text":"considerations.","start":405.27,"end":406.15}]},{"text":"First, international human rights law requires states to actively promote accurate accounts of the past violations by ensuring maximum transparency, disclosure, and accountability.","start":406.47,"end":419.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":406.47,"end":407.11},{"text":"international","start":407.75,"end":408.39},{"text":"human","start":408.39,"end":408.71},{"text":"rights","start":408.71,"end":408.95},{"text":"law","start":408.95,"end":409.11},{"text":"requires","start":409.11,"end":409.75},{"text":"states","start":409.75,"end":410.19},{"text":"to","start":410.63,"end":411.11},{"text":"actively","start":411.11,"end":411.71},{"text":"promote","start":411.71,"end":412.15},{"text":"accurate","start":412.15,"end":412.63},{"text":"accounts","start":412.63,"end":413.11},{"text":"of","start":413.11,"end":413.19},{"text":"the","start":413.19,"end":413.31},{"text":"past","start":413.31,"end":413.63},{"text":"violations","start":413.63,"end":414.31},{"text":"by","start":414.63,"end":414.87},{"text":"ensuring","start":414.87,"end":415.51},{"text":"maximum","start":415.51,"end":416.31},{"text":"transparency,","start":416.31,"end":417.35},{"text":"disclosure,","start":417.67,"end":418.31},{"text":"and","start":418.31,"end":418.43},{"text":"accountability.","start":418.43,"end":419.27}]},{"text":"Information concerning international crimes must never be subject to secrecy, classification or other access restrictions that do not comply with international human rights law standards.","start":419.95,"end":431.63,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Information","start":419.95,"end":420.59},{"text":"concerning","start":420.59,"end":421.07},{"text":"international","start":421.07,"end":421.63},{"text":"crimes","start":421.63,"end":422.19},{"text":"must","start":422.35,"end":422.71},{"text":"never","start":422.71,"end":423.15},{"text":"be","start":423.15,"end":423.31},{"text":"subject","start":423.55,"end":423.99},{"text":"to","start":423.99,"end":424.07},{"text":"secrecy,","start":424.11,"end":424.83},{"text":"classification","start":425.07,"end":426.11},{"text":"or","start":426.11,"end":426.43},{"text":"other","start":426.43,"end":426.83},{"text":"access","start":427.15,"end":427.63},{"text":"restrictions","start":427.63,"end":428.27},{"text":"that","start":428.27,"end":428.43},{"text":"do","start":428.43,"end":428.59},{"text":"not","start":428.59,"end":428.79},{"text":"comply","start":428.79,"end":429.23},{"text":"with","start":429.23,"end":429.47},{"text":"international","start":429.47,"end":430.19},{"text":"human","start":430.19,"end":430.51},{"text":"rights","start":430.51,"end":430.75},{"text":"law","start":430.75,"end":430.91},{"text":"standards.","start":430.91,"end":431.63}]},{"text":"And indeed, any restriction must be exceptional, strictly justified and fully consistent with international human rights law.","start":432.03,"end":439.95,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":432.03,"end":432.19},{"text":"indeed,","start":432.19,"end":432.75},{"text":"any","start":432.75,"end":433.07},{"text":"restriction","start":433.07,"end":433.79},{"text":"must","start":434.11,"end":434.35},{"text":"be","start":434.35,"end":434.59},{"text":"exceptional,","start":434.59,"end":435.39},{"text":"strictly","start":435.63,"end":436.19},{"text":"justified","start":436.19,"end":436.99},{"text":"and","start":437.07,"end":437.31},{"text":"fully","start":437.31,"end":437.63},{"text":"consistent","start":437.63,"end":438.23},{"text":"with","start":438.23,"end":438.35},{"text":"international","start":438.35,"end":439.15},{"text":"human","start":439.15,"end":439.39},{"text":"rights","start":439.39,"end":439.71},{"text":"law.","start":439.71,"end":439.95}]},{"text":"Second, states must recognize that freedom of expression, cultural rights, education and access to knowledge are the most effective tools to counter denialism.","start":440.91,"end":451.23,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":440.91,"end":441.71},{"text":"states","start":442.03,"end":442.59},{"text":"must","start":442.59,"end":442.91},{"text":"recognize","start":442.91,"end":443.47},{"text":"that","start":443.47,"end":443.63},{"text":"freedom","start":443.63,"end":443.95},{"text":"of","start":443.95,"end":444.03},{"text":"expression,","start":444.03,"end":444.67},{"text":"cultural","start":444.99,"end":445.55},{"text":"rights,","start":445.55,"end":445.95},{"text":"education","start":445.95,"end":446.67},{"text":"and","start":446.67,"end":446.79},{"text":"access","start":446.79,"end":447.07},{"text":"to","start":447.07,"end":447.19},{"text":"knowledge","start":447.19,"end":447.71},{"text":"are","start":448.03,"end":448.27},{"text":"the","start":448.27,"end":448.35},{"text":"most","start":448.35,"end":448.59},{"text":"effective","start":448.59,"end":449.23},{"text":"tools","start":449.23,"end":449.71},{"text":"to","start":449.71,"end":449.83},{"text":"counter","start":449.87,"end":450.51},{"text":"denialism.","start":450.51,"end":451.23}]},{"text":"Rather than restrictive legislation, states should invest in an inclusive, evidence-based education, critical thinking, digital literacy and robust memorialization processes.","start":451.63,"end":463.39,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather","start":451.63,"end":452.03},{"text":"than","start":452.03,"end":452.19},{"text":"restrictive","start":452.19,"end":452.71},{"text":"legislation,","start":452.71,"end":453.43},{"text":"states","start":453.43,"end":453.95},{"text":"should","start":453.95,"end":454.15},{"text":"invest","start":454.15,"end":454.67},{"text":"in","start":454.67,"end":454.79},{"text":"an","start":454.79,"end":454.87},{"text":"inclusive,","start":454.87,"end":455.79},{"text":"evidence-based","start":456.19,"end":456.99},{"text":"education,","start":456.99,"end":457.71},{"text":"critical","start":457.87,"end":458.35},{"text":"thinking,","start":458.35,"end":458.99},{"text":"digital","start":459.15,"end":459.67},{"text":"literacy","start":459.67,"end":460.35},{"text":"and","start":460.67,"end":460.91},{"text":"robust","start":460.91,"end":461.63},{"text":"memorialization","start":461.63,"end":462.59},{"text":"processes.","start":462.59,"end":463.39}]},{"text":"Transitional justice mechanisms must address all forms of violations, including gender-based violence and abuses against marginalized groups, to avoid gaps that denialism can exploit.","start":464.03,"end":475.87,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"Transitional","start":464.03,"end":464.59},{"text":"justice","start":464.59,"end":465.07},{"text":"mechanisms","start":465.07,"end":465.71},{"text":"must","start":465.71,"end":465.99},{"text":"address","start":465.99,"end":466.35},{"text":"all","start":466.43,"end":466.67},{"text":"forms","start":466.67,"end":466.99},{"text":"of","start":466.99,"end":467.15},{"text":"violations,","start":467.15,"end":467.79},{"text":"including","start":467.79,"end":468.59},{"text":"gender-based","start":468.59,"end":469.23},{"text":"violence","start":469.23,"end":469.87},{"text":"and","start":470.11,"end":470.31},{"text":"abuses","start":470.31,"end":470.67},{"text":"against","start":470.67,"end":471.07},{"text":"marginalized","start":471.07,"end":471.75},{"text":"groups,","start":471.75,"end":472.19},{"text":"to","start":472.35,"end":472.55},{"text":"avoid","start":472.55,"end":472.87},{"text":"gaps","start":472.87,"end":473.39},{"text":"that","start":473.39,"end":473.67},{"text":"denialism","start":473.67,"end":474.43},{"text":"can","start":474.75,"end":475.07},{"text":"exploit.","start":475.15,"end":475.87}]},{"text":"Third, states must decisively address denialism by state actors.","start":476.67,"end":480.91,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":511.27,"end":511.47},{"text":"includes","start":511.47,"end":511.91},{"text":"improving","start":511.91,"end":512.47},{"text":"transparency,","start":512.47,"end":513.35},{"text":"addressing","start":513.75,"end":514.31},{"text":"business","start":514.39,"end":514.87},{"text":"models","start":514.87,"end":515.39},{"text":"that","start":515.39,"end":515.59},{"text":"incentivize","start":515.67,"end":516.47},{"text":"denialist","start":516.47,"end":516.91},{"text":"contents,","start":516.91,"end":517.59},{"text":"and","start":517.95,"end":518.19},{"text":"strengthening","start":518.19,"end":518.79},{"text":"cooperation","start":518.79,"end":519.55},{"text":"with","start":519.63,"end":519.87},{"text":"civil","start":519.87,"end":520.11},{"text":"society.","start":520.11,"end":520.75}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, Excellencies, Mr. President, let me conclude with one clear message: there can be no regression or reversal.","start":521.23,"end":530.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":521.23,"end":521.67},{"text":"and","start":521.67,"end":521.79},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":521.79,"end":522.27},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":522.35,"end":523.15},{"text":"Mr.","start":523.15,"end":523.47},{"text":"President,","start":523.47,"end":523.99},{"text":"let","start":524.27,"end":524.47},{"text":"me","start":524.47,"end":524.59},{"text":"conclude","start":524.59,"end":525.15},{"text":"with","start":525.15,"end":525.39},{"text":"one","start":525.39,"end":525.79},{"text":"clear","start":525.87,"end":526.27},{"text":"message:","start":526.27,"end":526.91},{"text":"there","start":527.23,"end":527.47},{"text":"can","start":527.47,"end":527.71},{"text":"be","start":527.71,"end":527.87},{"text":"no","start":527.87,"end":528.27},{"text":"regression","start":528.27,"end":529.15},{"text":"or","start":529.31,"end":529.59},{"text":"reversal.","start":529.59,"end":530.27}]},{"text":"The denial of extermination policies, genocides, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity, as well as the glorification of those responsible must be unequivocally rejected and actively countered by all states, both domestically and internationally.","start":530.67,"end":548.07,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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states.","start":658.19,"end":661.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":658.19,"end":658.35},{"text":"have","start":658.35,"end":658.59},{"text":"the","start":658.59,"end":658.75},{"text":"honor","start":658.79,"end":659.07},{"text":"to","start":659.07,"end":659.19},{"text":"speak","start":659.19,"end":659.55},{"text":"on","start":659.55,"end":659.63},{"text":"behalf","start":659.63,"end":660.11},{"text":"of","start":660.11,"end":660.19},{"text":"the","start":660.19,"end":660.31},{"text":"Nordic","start":660.31,"end":660.67},{"text":"Baltic","start":660.67,"end":661.07},{"text":"states.","start":661.07,"end":661.63}]},{"text":"Organized denial of serious violations of human rights and humanitarian law has long been feature of repressive regimes.","start":662.51,"end":669.95,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Organized","start":662.51,"end":663.19},{"text":"denial","start":663.19,"end":663.71},{"text":"of","start":663.71,"end":663.79},{"text":"serious","start":663.79,"end":664.27},{"text":"violations","start":664.27,"end":664.95},{"text":"of","start":664.95,"end":665.03},{"text":"human","start":665.03,"end":665.31},{"text":"rights","start":665.31,"end":665.71},{"text":"and","start":665.71,"end":665.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":665.83,"end":666.51},{"text":"law","start":666.51,"end":666.95},{"text":"has","start":666.95,"end":667.31},{"text":"long","start":667.31,"end":667.71},{"text":"been","start":667.71,"end":668.03},{"text":"feature","start":668.03,"end":668.63},{"text":"of","start":668.63,"end":668.75},{"text":"repressive","start":668.75,"end":669.31},{"text":"regimes.","start":669.31,"end":669.95}]},{"text":"We share the concern about the various forms of denialism promoted by state officials, politicians and others, including the glorification of past violations, the manipulation of memory and laws, and technology-driven disinformation.","start":670.43,"end":684.83,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"effectiveness","start":696.95,"end":697.99},{"text":"and","start":698.31,"end":698.47},{"text":"sustainability","start":698.47,"end":699.51},{"text":"of","start":699.51,"end":699.75},{"text":"transitional","start":699.75,"end":700.43},{"text":"justice","start":700.43,"end":700.83},{"text":"processes.","start":700.83,"end":701.51}]},{"text":"We agree that transparency and disclosure regarding gross human rights violations, together with access to knowledge and education, including on digital and information literacy and critical thinking, constitute the most effective tools for countering denialism.","start":702.31,"end":718.07,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1017.63,"end":1017.79},{"text":"are","start":1017.79,"end":1017.87},{"text":"particularly","start":1017.87,"end":1018.67},{"text":"concerned","start":1018.67,"end":1019.23},{"text":"by","start":1019.23,"end":1019.31},{"text":"the","start":1019.31,"end":1019.43},{"text":"growing","start":1019.43,"end":1019.75},{"text":"use","start":1019.75,"end":1020.07},{"text":"of","start":1020.11,"end":1020.27},{"text":"digital","start":1020.27,"end":1020.75},{"text":"technologies,","start":1020.75,"end":1021.35},{"text":"social","start":1021.35,"end":1021.71},{"text":"media","start":1021.71,"end":1022.11},{"text":"and","start":1022.35,"end":1022.51},{"text":"artificial","start":1022.51,"end":1022.99},{"text":"intelligence","start":1022.99,"end":1023.63},{"text":"to","start":1023.63,"end":1023.75},{"text":"amplify","start":1023.75,"end":1024.19},{"text":"disinformation","start":1024.19,"end":1025.15},{"text":"and","start":1025.51,"end":1025.67},{"text":"distort","start":1025.67,"end":1026.19},{"text":"established","start":1026.35,"end":1026.91},{"text":"historical","start":1026.91,"end":1027.43},{"text":"records.","start":1027.43,"end":1027.87}]},{"text":"At the same time, measures taken to address denialism must respect freedom of expression and other fundamental rights.","start":1028.19,"end":1034.67,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":1028.19,"end":1028.27},{"text":"the","start":1028.27,"end":1028.39},{"text":"same","start":1028.39,"end":1028.59},{"text":"time,","start":1028.59,"end":1028.99},{"text":"measures","start":1029.23,"end":1029.63},{"text":"taken","start":1029.63,"end":1030.03},{"text":"to","start":1030.03,"end":1030.19},{"text":"address","start":1030.35,"end":1030.67},{"text":"denialism","start":1030.67,"end":1031.31},{"text":"must","start":1031.31,"end":1031.55},{"text":"respect","start":1031.55,"end":1032.11},{"text":"freedom","start":1032.35,"end":1032.75},{"text":"of","start":1032.75,"end":1032.83},{"text":"expression","start":1032.83,"end":1033.47},{"text":"and","start":1033.47,"end":1033.59},{"text":"other","start":1033.59,"end":1033.79},{"text":"fundamental","start":1033.79,"end":1034.35},{"text":"rights.","start":1034.35,"end":1034.67}]},{"text":"Mr. Special Rapporteur, what practical measures can states, particularly those undertaking nationally owned transitional justice processes, adopted to prevent denialism and historical revisionism, while safeguarding civic space, freedom of expression, and the rights and dignity of victims.","start":1034.67,"end":1050.71,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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The Republic of Korea deeply echoes the report's core message on the critical need to counter denialism, negationism, and revisionism in the transitional justice processes.","start":1058.91,"end":1071.47,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":1230.71,"end":1230.99},{"text":"Special","start":1230.99,"end":1231.27},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":1231.27,"end":1231.67},{"text":"how","start":1231.67,"end":1231.91},{"text":"can","start":1231.91,"end":1232.15},{"text":"the","start":1232.15,"end":1232.23},{"text":"international","start":1232.23,"end":1232.79},{"text":"community","start":1232.79,"end":1233.51},{"text":"respond","start":1233.67,"end":1234.19},{"text":"more","start":1234.19,"end":1234.39},{"text":"effectively","start":1234.39,"end":1235.03},{"text":"when","start":1235.19,"end":1235.43},{"text":"denialism","start":1235.43,"end":1236.15},{"text":"and","start":1236.15,"end":1236.31},{"text":"historical","start":1236.31,"end":1236.83},{"text":"revisionism","start":1236.83,"end":1237.51},{"text":"are","start":1237.75,"end":1237.83},{"text":"used","start":1237.83,"end":1238.23},{"text":"by","start":1238.23,"end":1238.35},{"text":"a","start":1238.35,"end":1238.39},{"text":"state","start":1238.39,"end":1238.75},{"text":"to","start":1238.75,"end":1238.83},{"text":"conceal","start":1238.83,"end":1239.19},{"text":"past","start":1239.19,"end":1239.51},{"text":"crimes","start":1239.51,"end":1239.91},{"text":"and","start":1240.07,"end":1240.23},{"text":"justify","start":1240.23,"end":1240.87},{"text":"their","start":1241.11,"end":1241.39},{"text":"repetitions?","start":1241.39,"end":1242.23}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1242.71,"end":1243.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1242.71,"end":1242.95},{"text":"you.","start":1242.95,"end":1243.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UKR","affiliation_full":"Ukraine","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":1244.67,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=1245","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":1244.67,"end":1246.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1244.67,"end":1245.27},{"text":"you","start":1245.51,"end":1245.67},{"text":"very","start":1245.67,"end":1245.83},{"text":"much.","start":1245.83,"end":1246.31}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco.","start":1246.91,"end":1250.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1246.91,"end":1246.95},{"text":"give","start":1246.95,"end":1247.07},{"text":"the","start":1247.07,"end":1247.23},{"text":"floor","start":1247.23,"end":1247.55},{"text":"to","start":1247.55,"end":1247.63},{"text":"the","start":1247.63,"end":1247.71},{"text":"distinguished","start":1247.71,"end":1248.43},{"text":"representative","start":1249.23,"end":1250.03},{"text":"of","start":1250.03,"end":1250.11},{"text":"Morocco.","start":1250.11,"end":1250.75}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":16,"start":1254.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=1255","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":1254.51,"end":1255.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1254.51,"end":1254.71},{"text":"you,","start":1254.71,"end":1254.79},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":1254.79,"end":1255.63}]},{"text":"My delegation thanks the Special Rapporteur for his report and attention paid to how denial and disinformation can endanger truth, victims' memory and guarantees of non-recurrence.","start":1256.27,"end":1267.95,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":1256.27,"end":1256.43},{"text":"delegation","start":1256.43,"end":1256.91},{"text":"thanks","start":1256.91,"end":1257.19},{"text":"the","start":1257.19,"end":1257.27},{"text":"Special","start":1257.27,"end":1257.55},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":1257.55,"end":1257.95},{"text":"for","start":1257.95,"end":1258.11},{"text":"his","start":1258.11,"end":1258.27},{"text":"report","start":1258.27,"end":1258.83},{"text":"and","start":1259.07,"end":1259.35},{"text":"attention","start":1259.35,"end":1259.79},{"text":"paid","start":1259.79,"end":1260.15},{"text":"to","start":1260.15,"end":1260.99},{"text":"how","start":1261.23,"end":1261.47},{"text":"denial","start":1261.47,"end":1261.83},{"text":"and","start":1261.83,"end":1261.95},{"text":"disinformation","start":1261.95,"end":1262.91},{"text":"can","start":1263.39,"end":1263.79},{"text":"endanger","start":1263.79,"end":1264.63},{"text":"truth,","start":1264.63,"end":1265.15},{"text":"victims'","start":1265.59,"end":1265.95},{"text":"memory","start":1265.95,"end":1266.59},{"text":"and","start":1266.59,"end":1266.75},{"text":"guarantees","start":1266.75,"end":1267.11},{"text":"of","start":1267.11,"end":1267.19},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":1267.19,"end":1267.95}]},{"text":"Morocco's experience of transitional justice through the equity and reconciliation body shows that preserving memory is a key dimension for reconciliation, and it is based on seeking the truth.","start":1268.39,"end":1281.15,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Morocco's","start":1268.39,"end":1268.75},{"text":"experience","start":1268.75,"end":1269.23},{"text":"of","start":1269.23,"end":1269.31},{"text":"transitional","start":1269.31,"end":1269.75},{"text":"justice","start":1269.75,"end":1270.35},{"text":"through","start":1270.35,"end":1270.91},{"text":"the","start":1270.91,"end":1271.07},{"text":"equity","start":1271.15,"end":1271.63},{"text":"and","start":1271.63,"end":1271.75},{"text":"reconciliation","start":1271.75,"end":1272.43},{"text":"body","start":1272.43,"end":1272.91},{"text":"shows","start":1273.07,"end":1273.47},{"text":"that","start":1273.47,"end":1273.59},{"text":"preserving","start":1273.59,"end":1274.19},{"text":"memory","start":1274.19,"end":1274.67},{"text":"is","start":1274.67,"end":1275.07},{"text":"a","start":1275.63,"end":1275.67},{"text":"key","start":1275.67,"end":1276.11},{"text":"dimension","start":1276.35,"end":1277.15},{"text":"for","start":1277.39,"end":1277.75},{"text":"reconciliation,","start":1277.75,"end":1278.67},{"text":"and","start":1278.99,"end":1279.23},{"text":"it","start":1279.23,"end":1279.31},{"text":"is","start":1279.31,"end":1279.43},{"text":"based","start":1279.43,"end":1279.95},{"text":"on","start":1279.95,"end":1280.11},{"text":"seeking","start":1280.11,"end":1280.55},{"text":"the","start":1280.55,"end":1280.63},{"text":"truth.","start":1280.63,"end":1281.15}]},{"text":"reparation, historical research, and transmitting this to future generations.","start":1281.75,"end":1285.79,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"reparation,","start":1281.75,"end":1282.55},{"text":"historical","start":1282.63,"end":1283.15},{"text":"research,","start":1283.15,"end":1283.67},{"text":"and","start":1283.67,"end":1284.03},{"text":"transmitting","start":1284.03,"end":1284.55},{"text":"this","start":1284.55,"end":1284.75},{"text":"to","start":1284.75,"end":1284.87},{"text":"future","start":1284.87,"end":1285.15},{"text":"generations.","start":1285.15,"end":1285.79}]},{"text":"In this context, we've developed an approach based on preserving archives, history, and memory through different awareness-raising activities, the digitalization of documents, and opening these resources up to researchers and the public.","start":1285.79,"end":1297.99,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1285.79,"end":1285.87},{"text":"this","start":1285.87,"end":1286.07},{"text":"context,","start":1286.07,"end":1286.55},{"text":"we've","start":1286.55,"end":1286.71},{"text":"developed","start":1286.71,"end":1287.27},{"text":"an","start":1287.27,"end":1287.35},{"text":"approach","start":1287.59,"end":1288.11},{"text":"based","start":1288.11,"end":1288.43},{"text":"on","start":1288.43,"end":1288.51},{"text":"preserving","start":1288.51,"end":1288.95},{"text":"archives,","start":1288.95,"end":1289.51},{"text":"history,","start":1289.51,"end":1289.79},{"text":"and","start":1289.79,"end":1289.91},{"text":"memory","start":1289.91,"end":1290.39},{"text":"through","start":1290.71,"end":1291.03},{"text":"different","start":1291.03,"end":1291.39},{"text":"awareness-raising","start":1291.39,"end":1291.95},{"text":"activities,","start":1291.95,"end":1292.63},{"text":"the","start":1292.63,"end":1292.71},{"text":"digitalization","start":1292.71,"end":1293.63},{"text":"of","start":1293.63,"end":1293.75},{"text":"documents,","start":1293.75,"end":1294.39},{"text":"and","start":1294.55,"end":1294.75},{"text":"opening","start":1294.75,"end":1295.03},{"text":"these","start":1295.03,"end":1295.19},{"text":"resources","start":1295.19,"end":1295.67},{"text":"up","start":1295.67,"end":1295.99},{"text":"to","start":1295.99,"end":1296.31},{"text":"researchers","start":1296.55,"end":1297.19},{"text":"and","start":1297.19,"end":1297.43},{"text":"the","start":1297.43,"end":1297.51},{"text":"public.","start":1297.51,"end":1297.99}]},{"text":"We confirmed this approach during the commemoration in January 2024 of the 20th anniversary of the Equity and Reconciliation Body.","start":1299.99,"end":1306.07,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1299.99,"end":1300.47},{"text":"confirmed","start":1300.47,"end":1300.83},{"text":"this","start":1300.83,"end":1300.95},{"text":"approach","start":1300.95,"end":1301.39},{"text":"during","start":1301.39,"end":1301.63},{"text":"the","start":1301.63,"end":1301.71},{"text":"commemoration","start":1301.71,"end":1302.23},{"text":"in","start":1302.23,"end":1302.31},{"text":"January","start":1302.31,"end":1302.67},{"text":"2024","start":1302.67,"end":1303.23},{"text":"of","start":1303.23,"end":1303.31},{"text":"the","start":1303.31,"end":1303.39},{"text":"20th","start":1303.39,"end":1303.71},{"text":"anniversary","start":1303.71,"end":1304.31},{"text":"of","start":1304.31,"end":1304.43},{"text":"the","start":1304.43,"end":1304.51},{"text":"Equity","start":1304.51,"end":1304.83},{"text":"and","start":1304.83,"end":1304.95},{"text":"Reconciliation","start":1304.95,"end":1305.67},{"text":"Body.","start":1305.67,"end":1306.07}]},{"text":"and then an international conference on transitional justice pathways organized by the two chambers of the Moroccan Parliament and the National Human Rights Council in December 2024.","start":1306.55,"end":1315.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":1306.55,"end":1306.75},{"text":"then","start":1306.75,"end":1306.91},{"text":"an","start":1306.91,"end":1306.99},{"text":"international","start":1306.99,"end":1307.47},{"text":"conference","start":1307.47,"end":1307.91},{"text":"on","start":1307.91,"end":1308.31},{"text":"transitional","start":1308.31,"end":1309.03},{"text":"justice","start":1309.03,"end":1309.35},{"text":"pathways","start":1309.35,"end":1309.91},{"text":"organized","start":1309.91,"end":1310.47},{"text":"by","start":1310.47,"end":1310.63},{"text":"the","start":1310.63,"end":1310.71},{"text":"two","start":1310.71,"end":1310.95},{"text":"chambers","start":1310.95,"end":1311.27},{"text":"of","start":1311.27,"end":1311.35},{"text":"the","start":1311.35,"end":1311.43},{"text":"Moroccan","start":1311.43,"end":1311.75},{"text":"Parliament","start":1311.75,"end":1312.39},{"text":"and","start":1312.63,"end":1312.79},{"text":"the","start":1312.79,"end":1312.87},{"text":"National","start":1312.87,"end":1313.15},{"text":"Human","start":1313.15,"end":1313.39},{"text":"Rights","start":1313.39,"end":1313.59},{"text":"Council","start":1313.59,"end":1313.99},{"text":"in","start":1313.99,"end":1314.07},{"text":"December","start":1314.07,"end":1314.39},{"text":"2024.","start":1314.39,"end":1315.27}]},{"text":"We also recall the importance of the Rabat Action Plan on a prohibition of incitement to hatred.","start":1315.43,"end":1320.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1315.43,"end":1315.55},{"text":"also","start":1315.55,"end":1315.79},{"text":"recall","start":1315.79,"end":1316.15},{"text":"the","start":1316.15,"end":1316.23},{"text":"importance","start":1316.23,"end":1316.79},{"text":"of","start":1316.79,"end":1316.95},{"text":"the","start":1316.95,"end":1317.07},{"text":"Rabat","start":1317.07,"end":1317.27},{"text":"Action","start":1317.35,"end":1317.71},{"text":"Plan","start":1317.71,"end":1318.07},{"text":"on","start":1318.19,"end":1318.31},{"text":"a","start":1318.31,"end":1318.39},{"text":"prohibition","start":1318.39,"end":1318.87},{"text":"of","start":1318.87,"end":1319.03},{"text":"incitement","start":1319.03,"end":1319.55},{"text":"to","start":1319.55,"end":1319.63},{"text":"hatred.","start":1319.63,"end":1320.15}]},{"text":"My delegation would like to ask how states can strengthen policies for memorialization and education to keep the collective memory based on reliable sources whilst encouraging reconciliation and non-recurrence.","start":1320.31,"end":1332.15,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":1320.31,"end":1320.47},{"text":"delegation","start":1320.47,"end":1320.99},{"text":"would","start":1320.99,"end":1321.19},{"text":"like","start":1321.19,"end":1321.39},{"text":"to","start":1321.39,"end":1321.59},{"text":"ask","start":1321.59,"end":1321.91},{"text":"how","start":1321.91,"end":1322.07},{"text":"states","start":1322.07,"end":1322.51},{"text":"can","start":1322.51,"end":1322.71},{"text":"strengthen","start":1322.71,"end":1323.19},{"text":"policies","start":1323.19,"end":1323.67},{"text":"for","start":1323.67,"end":1323.91},{"text":"memorialization","start":1323.91,"end":1324.95},{"text":"and","start":1325.07,"end":1325.23},{"text":"education","start":1325.23,"end":1325.99},{"text":"to","start":1326.23,"end":1326.39},{"text":"keep","start":1326.39,"end":1326.87},{"text":"the","start":1327.11,"end":1327.23},{"text":"collective","start":1327.23,"end":1327.55},{"text":"memory","start":1327.55,"end":1327.91},{"text":"based","start":1327.91,"end":1328.31},{"text":"on","start":1328.31,"end":1328.47},{"text":"reliable","start":1328.47,"end":1328.95},{"text":"sources","start":1328.95,"end":1329.55},{"text":"whilst","start":1329.55,"end":1329.83},{"text":"encouraging","start":1329.83,"end":1330.27},{"text":"reconciliation","start":1330.27,"end":1331.11},{"text":"and","start":1331.11,"end":1331.35},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":1331.35,"end":1332.15}]},{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":1332.79,"end":1333.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1332.79,"end":1333.03},{"text":"you,","start":1333.03,"end":1333.11},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":1333.11,"end":1333.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MAR","affiliation_full":"Morocco","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":1335.31,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=1336","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"thank you very much I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Armenia","start":1335.31,"end":1339.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"thank","start":1335.31,"end":1335.43},{"text":"you","start":1335.43,"end":1335.51},{"text":"very","start":1335.51,"end":1335.67},{"text":"much","start":1335.79,"end":1336.03},{"text":"I","start":1336.11,"end":1336.19},{"text":"give","start":1336.19,"end":1336.35},{"text":"the","start":1336.35,"end":1336.47},{"text":"floor","start":1336.47,"end":1336.75},{"text":"to","start":1336.75,"end":1336.83},{"text":"the","start":1336.83,"end":1336.95},{"text":"distinguished","start":1336.95,"end":1337.63},{"text":"representative","start":1337.63,"end":1338.51},{"text":"of","start":1338.59,"end":1338.83},{"text":"Armenia","start":1339.39,"end":1339.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":1343.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=1344","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr Vice President Armenia thanks the special rapporteur for his report on denialism negationism and revisionism of serious violations of human rights and humanitarian law Armenia values its long-standing cooperation with the mandate including the country visit undertaken in 2023 we attach particular importance to open and substantive engagement with special procedures, including through country visits as a means of enabling independent assessment and constructive dialogue.","start":1343.55,"end":1372.39,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr","start":1343.55,"end":1343.95},{"text":"Vice","start":1343.95,"end":1344.19},{"text":"President","start":1344.19,"end":1344.83},{"text":"Armenia","start":1344.83,"end":1345.23},{"text":"thanks","start":1345.23,"end":1345.55},{"text":"the","start":1345.55,"end":1345.67},{"text":"special","start":1345.71,"end":1346.19},{"text":"rapporteur","start":1346.19,"end":1346.67},{"text":"for","start":1346.67,"end":1346.91},{"text":"his","start":1346.91,"end":1347.07},{"text":"report","start":1347.07,"end":1347.55},{"text":"on","start":1347.55,"end":1347.71},{"text":"denialism","start":1347.71,"end":1348.59},{"text":"negationism","start":1348.91,"end":1349.87},{"text":"and","start":1349.87,"end":1350.11},{"text":"revisionism","start":1350.11,"end":1350.75},{"text":"of","start":1350.75,"end":1350.83},{"text":"serious","start":1350.83,"end":1351.23},{"text":"violations","start":1351.23,"end":1351.91},{"text":"of","start":1351.91,"end":1352.03},{"text":"human","start":1352.03,"end":1352.27},{"text":"rights","start":1352.27,"end":1352.67},{"text":"and","start":1352.91,"end":1353.07},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1353.07,"end":1353.79},{"text":"law","start":1353.79,"end":1353.91},{"text":"Armenia","start":1354.63,"end":1354.99},{"text":"values","start":1354.99,"end":1355.39},{"text":"its","start":1355.39,"end":1355.55},{"text":"long-standing","start":1355.55,"end":1356.11},{"text":"cooperation","start":1356.11,"end":1356.75},{"text":"with","start":1356.75,"end":1356.87},{"text":"the","start":1356.87,"end":1356.99},{"text":"mandate","start":1356.99,"end":1357.43},{"text":"including","start":1357.43,"end":1357.87},{"text":"the","start":1357.87,"end":1357.95},{"text":"country","start":1357.95,"end":1358.35},{"text":"visit","start":1358.35,"end":1358.59},{"text":"undertaken","start":1358.59,"end":1359.31},{"text":"in","start":1359.31,"end":1359.63},{"text":"2023","start":1359.91,"end":1361.15},{"text":"we","start":1361.15,"end":1361.35},{"text":"attach","start":1361.35,"end":1361.79},{"text":"particular","start":1361.79,"end":1362.43},{"text":"importance","start":1362.43,"end":1362.91},{"text":"to","start":1362.91,"end":1363.03},{"text":"open","start":1363.03,"end":1363.31},{"text":"and","start":1363.31,"end":1363.43},{"text":"substantive","start":1363.43,"end":1364.19},{"text":"engagement","start":1364.47,"end":1365.07},{"text":"with","start":1365.07,"end":1365.19},{"text":"special","start":1365.19,"end":1365.59},{"text":"procedures,","start":1365.59,"end":1366.23},{"text":"including","start":1366.23,"end":1366.83},{"text":"through","start":1366.83,"end":1367.11},{"text":"country","start":1367.27,"end":1367.63},{"text":"visits","start":1367.63,"end":1368.07},{"text":"as","start":1368.07,"end":1368.39},{"text":"a","start":1368.39,"end":1368.47},{"text":"means","start":1368.47,"end":1368.95},{"text":"of","start":1368.99,"end":1369.19},{"text":"enabling","start":1369.43,"end":1369.95},{"text":"independent","start":1369.95,"end":1370.51},{"text":"assessment","start":1370.51,"end":1371.15},{"text":"and","start":1371.15,"end":1371.35},{"text":"constructive","start":1371.35,"end":1371.91},{"text":"dialogue.","start":1371.91,"end":1372.39}]},{"text":"The resolution of prevention of genocide that Armenia tables in Human Rights Council specifically highlights importance of preserving historic memory without distortion through the conservation of archives, oral histories, and other means.","start":1372.95,"end":1385.19,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1372.95,"end":1373.11},{"text":"resolution","start":1373.11,"end":1373.67},{"text":"of","start":1373.71,"end":1373.91},{"text":"prevention","start":1373.91,"end":1374.47},{"text":"of","start":1374.47,"end":1374.59},{"text":"genocide","start":1374.59,"end":1374.99},{"text":"that","start":1374.99,"end":1375.11},{"text":"Armenia","start":1375.11,"end":1375.43},{"text":"tables","start":1375.43,"end":1375.83},{"text":"in","start":1375.83,"end":1375.91},{"text":"Human","start":1375.91,"end":1376.15},{"text":"Rights","start":1376.15,"end":1376.39},{"text":"Council","start":1376.39,"end":1376.79},{"text":"specifically","start":1376.79,"end":1377.43},{"text":"highlights","start":1377.43,"end":1377.91},{"text":"importance","start":1377.91,"end":1378.47},{"text":"of","start":1378.71,"end":1378.87},{"text":"preserving","start":1378.87,"end":1379.39},{"text":"historic","start":1379.39,"end":1379.83},{"text":"memory","start":1379.83,"end":1380.31},{"text":"without","start":1380.55,"end":1381.19},{"text":"distortion","start":1381.27,"end":1381.91},{"text":"through","start":1381.91,"end":1382.07},{"text":"the","start":1382.07,"end":1382.19},{"text":"conservation","start":1382.19,"end":1382.79},{"text":"of","start":1382.79,"end":1382.91},{"text":"archives,","start":1382.91,"end":1383.43},{"text":"oral","start":1383.59,"end":1383.91},{"text":"histories,","start":1383.91,"end":1384.47},{"text":"and","start":1384.47,"end":1384.63},{"text":"other","start":1384.63,"end":1384.87},{"text":"means.","start":1384.87,"end":1385.19}]},{"text":"The Global Forum on the Crime of Genocide held biannually in Yerevan fosters inclusive discussions on various aspects of prevention, including memorializations, the role of education, culture, and museums.","start":1385.71,"end":1397.23,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1385.71,"end":1385.79},{"text":"Global","start":1385.79,"end":1386.15},{"text":"Forum","start":1386.15,"end":1386.43},{"text":"on","start":1386.43,"end":1386.51},{"text":"the","start":1386.51,"end":1386.63},{"text":"Crime","start":1386.63,"end":1386.87},{"text":"of","start":1386.87,"end":1386.99},{"text":"Genocide","start":1386.99,"end":1387.55},{"text":"held","start":1387.55,"end":1387.87},{"text":"biannually","start":1387.87,"end":1388.55},{"text":"in","start":1388.55,"end":1388.67},{"text":"Yerevan","start":1388.67,"end":1389.15},{"text":"fosters","start":1389.39,"end":1389.91},{"text":"inclusive","start":1389.91,"end":1390.43},{"text":"discussions","start":1390.43,"end":1391.11},{"text":"on","start":1391.11,"end":1391.31},{"text":"various","start":1391.31,"end":1391.71},{"text":"aspects","start":1391.71,"end":1392.03},{"text":"of","start":1392.07,"end":1392.19},{"text":"prevention,","start":1392.19,"end":1392.83},{"text":"including","start":1392.99,"end":1393.55},{"text":"memorializations,","start":1393.87,"end":1394.99},{"text":"the","start":1394.99,"end":1395.07},{"text":"role","start":1395.07,"end":1395.31},{"text":"of","start":1395.35,"end":1395.47},{"text":"education,","start":1395.55,"end":1396.07},{"text":"culture,","start":1396.07,"end":1396.43},{"text":"and","start":1396.43,"end":1396.59},{"text":"museums.","start":1396.59,"end":1397.23}]},{"text":"We note with concern the growing use of digital technologies and artificial intelligence to amplify disinformation and distort historical narratives.","start":1397.55,"end":1405.87,"topics":[{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1397.55,"end":1397.71},{"text":"note","start":1397.71,"end":1397.95},{"text":"with","start":1397.95,"end":1398.07},{"text":"concern","start":1398.07,"end":1398.51},{"text":"the","start":1398.51,"end":1398.59},{"text":"growing","start":1398.59,"end":1398.91},{"text":"use","start":1398.91,"end":1399.15},{"text":"of","start":1399.15,"end":1399.31},{"text":"digital","start":1399.31,"end":1399.71},{"text":"technologies","start":1399.71,"end":1400.39},{"text":"and","start":1400.39,"end":1400.51},{"text":"artificial","start":1400.51,"end":1401.07},{"text":"intelligence","start":1401.07,"end":1401.71},{"text":"to","start":1402.19,"end":1402.31},{"text":"amplify","start":1402.35,"end":1402.83},{"text":"disinformation","start":1402.83,"end":1403.71},{"text":"and","start":1403.71,"end":1403.83},{"text":"distort","start":1403.83,"end":1404.23},{"text":"historical","start":1404.23,"end":1404.91},{"text":"narratives.","start":1405.15,"end":1405.87}]},{"text":"Generative technologies add a new dimension to this challenge, as increasingly sophisticated fabricated content can spread rapidly and make reliable information more difficult to identify.","start":1406.43,"end":1417.15,"topics":[{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Generative","start":1406.43,"end":1406.99},{"text":"technologies","start":1406.99,"end":1407.63},{"text":"add","start":1407.63,"end":1407.83},{"text":"a","start":1407.83,"end":1407.87},{"text":"new","start":1407.87,"end":1408.19},{"text":"dimension","start":1408.19,"end":1408.91},{"text":"to","start":1408.99,"end":1409.15},{"text":"this","start":1409.15,"end":1409.39},{"text":"challenge,","start":1409.39,"end":1409.87},{"text":"as","start":1409.87,"end":1410.11},{"text":"increasingly","start":1410.11,"end":1410.59},{"text":"sophisticated","start":1410.59,"end":1411.31},{"text":"fabricated","start":1411.31,"end":1411.95},{"text":"content","start":1411.95,"end":1412.51},{"text":"can","start":1412.51,"end":1412.75},{"text":"spread","start":1412.75,"end":1413.15},{"text":"rapidly","start":1413.15,"end":1413.63},{"text":"and","start":1413.63,"end":1413.79},{"text":"make","start":1413.79,"end":1414.11},{"text":"reliable","start":1414.35,"end":1414.99},{"text":"information","start":1415.35,"end":1415.91},{"text":"more","start":1415.91,"end":1416.03},{"text":"difficult","start":1416.03,"end":1416.47},{"text":"to","start":1416.47,"end":1416.55},{"text":"identify.","start":1416.55,"end":1417.15}]},{"text":"Addressing these challenges requires sustained international cooperation that protects the right to truth, strengthens accountability, and places prevention at its core.","start":1417.79,"end":1426.59,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":1417.79,"end":1418.43},{"text":"these","start":1418.43,"end":1418.59},{"text":"challenges","start":1418.59,"end":1419.07},{"text":"requires","start":1419.07,"end":1419.59},{"text":"sustained","start":1419.59,"end":1419.99},{"text":"international","start":1419.99,"end":1420.51},{"text":"cooperation","start":1420.51,"end":1421.15},{"text":"that","start":1421.15,"end":1421.31},{"text":"protects","start":1421.31,"end":1421.79},{"text":"the","start":1421.79,"end":1421.95},{"text":"right","start":1421.95,"end":1422.23},{"text":"to","start":1422.23,"end":1422.31},{"text":"truth,","start":1422.43,"end":1422.91},{"text":"strengthens","start":1422.99,"end":1423.79},{"text":"accountability,","start":1423.79,"end":1424.55},{"text":"and","start":1424.55,"end":1424.75},{"text":"places","start":1424.75,"end":1425.31},{"text":"prevention","start":1425.47,"end":1426.03},{"text":"at","start":1426.03,"end":1426.11},{"text":"its","start":1426.11,"end":1426.27},{"text":"core.","start":1426.27,"end":1426.59}]},{"text":"Armenia remains committed to contributing constructively to these efforts.","start":1426.99,"end":1430.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Armenia","start":1426.99,"end":1427.47},{"text":"remains","start":1427.47,"end":1427.79},{"text":"committed","start":1427.79,"end":1428.35},{"text":"to","start":1428.35,"end":1428.67},{"text":"contributing","start":1428.67,"end":1429.31},{"text":"constructively","start":1429.31,"end":1430.03},{"text":"to","start":1430.03,"end":1430.19},{"text":"these","start":1430.19,"end":1430.35},{"text":"efforts.","start":1430.35,"end":1430.91}]},{"text":"I thank 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has successfully concluded a homegrown peace process through a nationally led and victim-centric approach.","start":1455.39,"end":1462.07,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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us to reflect on the progress achieved, recommit to completing the last mile works, and promote enduring peace and national unity in the country.","start":1463.03,"end":1482.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1463.03,"end":1463.35},{"text":"year","start":1463.35,"end":1463.67},{"text":"marks","start":1463.67,"end":1464.07},{"text":"the","start":1464.07,"end":1464.23},{"text":"20th","start":1464.23,"end":1464.71},{"text":"anniversary","start":1464.71,"end":1465.31},{"text":"of","start":1465.31,"end":1465.43},{"text":"the","start":1465.43,"end":1465.51},{"text":"signing","start":1465.51,"end":1465.95},{"text":"of","start":1465.95,"end":1466.07},{"text":"the","start":1466.07,"end":1466.19},{"text":"Comprehensive","start":1466.19,"end":1466.83},{"text":"Peace","start":1466.83,"end":1467.19},{"text":"Accord","start":1467.27,"end":1467.75},{"text":"in","start":1467.99,"end":1468.15},{"text":"2006,","start":1468.15,"end":1469.19},{"text":"a","start":1469.83,"end":1469.87},{"text":"milestone","start":1469.87,"end":1470.47},{"text":"moment","start":1470.47,"end":1470.95},{"text":"for","start":1471.03,"end":1471.47},{"text":"us","start":1471.47,"end":1471.67},{"text":"to","start":1471.91,"end":1472.03},{"text":"reflect","start":1472.03,"end":1472.55},{"text":"on","start":1472.95,"end":1473.11},{"text":"the","start":1473.11,"end":1473.19},{"text":"progress","start":1473.19,"end":1473.75},{"text":"achieved,","start":1473.75,"end":1474.15},{"text":"recommit","start":1474.63,"end":1475.19},{"text":"to","start":1475.43,"end":1475.59},{"text":"completing","start":1475.59,"end":1476.15},{"text":"the","start":1476.15,"end":1476.27},{"text":"last","start":1476.27,"end":1476.55},{"text":"mile","start":1476.55,"end":1476.79},{"text":"works,","start":1476.79,"end":1477.19},{"text":"and","start":1477.75,"end":1478.15},{"text":"promote","start":1478.39,"end":1479.03},{"text":"enduring","start":1479.07,"end":1479.59},{"text":"peace","start":1479.59,"end":1480.07},{"text":"and","start":1480.51,"end":1480.67},{"text":"national","start":1480.67,"end":1481.03},{"text":"unity","start":1481.03,"end":1481.47},{"text":"in","start":1481.47,"end":1481.55},{"text":"the","start":1481.55,"end":1481.67},{"text":"country.","start":1481.67,"end":1482.15}]},{"text":"We stand ready to share our experience with the countries emerging from conflict should they find it useful as a 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acknowledge that the country visit of the Special Rapporteur could not be materialized due to various unforeseen circumstances.","start":1490.47,"end":1499.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1490.47,"end":1490.71},{"text":"acknowledge","start":1490.71,"end":1491.23},{"text":"that","start":1491.35,"end":1491.63},{"text":"the","start":1491.63,"end":1491.75},{"text":"country","start":1491.75,"end":1492.11},{"text":"visit","start":1492.11,"end":1492.63},{"text":"of","start":1492.87,"end":1493.11},{"text":"the","start":1493.11,"end":1493.23},{"text":"Special","start":1493.23,"end":1493.67},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":1493.67,"end":1494.15},{"text":"could","start":1494.15,"end":1494.39},{"text":"not","start":1494.39,"end":1494.71},{"text":"be","start":1494.71,"end":1495.03},{"text":"materialized","start":1495.11,"end":1495.91},{"text":"due","start":1496.23,"end":1496.47},{"text":"to","start":1496.47,"end":1496.63},{"text":"various","start":1496.63,"end":1497.19},{"text":"unforeseen","start":1497.31,"end":1498.07},{"text":"circumstances.","start":1498.15,"end":1499.27}]},{"text":"However, we look forward to welcoming him to Nepal in near future.","start":1499.59,"end":1505.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":1499.59,"end":1500.15},{"text":"we","start":1500.47,"end":1500.63},{"text":"look","start":1500.63,"end":1500.87},{"text":"forward","start":1500.87,"end":1501.23},{"text":"to","start":1501.23,"end":1501.31},{"text":"welcoming","start":1501.31,"end":1501.91},{"text":"him","start":1503.11,"end":1503.43},{"text":"to","start":1503.43,"end":1503.59},{"text":"Nepal","start":1503.59,"end":1504.15},{"text":"in","start":1504.31,"end":1504.51},{"text":"near","start":1504.51,"end":1504.75},{"text":"future.","start":1504.75,"end":1505.27}]},{"text":"In closing, we'd like to hear from the Special Rapporteur on how nationally led peace process can effectively contribute to the promotion of truth, justice, reparation, and guarantee non-recurrence.","start":1506.31,"end":1519.35,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":1903.83,"end":1904.19},{"text":"Vice","start":1904.19,"end":1904.31},{"text":"President,","start":1904.31,"end":1904.95},{"text":"on","start":1905.19,"end":1905.35},{"text":"behalf","start":1905.35,"end":1905.71},{"text":"of","start":1905.71,"end":1905.79},{"text":"the","start":1905.79,"end":1905.87},{"text":"University","start":1905.87,"end":1906.39},{"text":"for","start":1906.39,"end":1906.55},{"text":"Peace,","start":1906.55,"end":1907.03},{"text":"we","start":1907.11,"end":1907.31},{"text":"welcome","start":1907.31,"end":1907.67},{"text":"your","start":1907.67,"end":1907.79},{"text":"timely","start":1907.79,"end":1908.15},{"text":"report","start":1908.15,"end":1908.63},{"text":"addressing","start":1909.27,"end":1909.67},{"text":"denialism,","start":1909.67,"end":1910.39},{"text":"negationism,","start":1910.63,"end":1911.51},{"text":"and","start":1911.67,"end":1911.83},{"text":"revisionism","start":1911.83,"end":1912.55},{"text":"in","start":1912.71,"end":1912.83},{"text":"transitional","start":1912.83,"end":1913.35},{"text":"justice","start":1913.35,"end":1913.75},{"text":"processes.","start":1913.75,"end":1914.47}]},{"text":"Sustainable peace cannot be built without truth.","start":1914.87,"end":1917.19,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Sustainable","start":1914.87,"end":1915.43},{"text":"peace","start":1915.43,"end":1915.75},{"text":"cannot","start":1915.75,"end":1916.03},{"text":"be","start":1916.03,"end":1916.15},{"text":"built","start":1916.15,"end":1916.47},{"text":"without","start":1916.47,"end":1916.91},{"text":"truth.","start":1916.91,"end":1917.19}]},{"text":"Memorialization serves as a vital form of moral reparation and an integral component of the right to truth.","start":1917.71,"end":1923.35,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"Memorialization","start":1917.71,"end":1918.71},{"text":"serves","start":1918.71,"end":1918.99},{"text":"as","start":1918.99,"end":1919.11},{"text":"a","start":1919.11,"end":1919.15},{"text":"vital","start":1919.15,"end":1919.43},{"text":"form","start":1919.43,"end":1919.75},{"text":"of","start":1919.75,"end":1919.83},{"text":"moral","start":1919.83,"end":1920.11},{"text":"reparation","start":1920.11,"end":1920.79},{"text":"and","start":1920.95,"end":1921.11},{"text":"an","start":1921.11,"end":1921.19},{"text":"integral","start":1921.19,"end":1921.71},{"text":"component","start":1921.71,"end":1922.31},{"text":"of","start":1922.47,"end":1922.63},{"text":"the","start":1922.63,"end":1922.71},{"text":"right","start":1922.71,"end":1922.91},{"text":"to","start":1922.91,"end":1923.03},{"text":"truth.","start":1923.03,"end":1923.35}]},{"text":"preserves collective memory, restores dignity, and actively prevents the recurrence of gross human rights violations.","start":1924.11,"end":1929.87,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"preserves","start":1924.11,"end":1924.43},{"text":"collective","start":1924.43,"end":1924.83},{"text":"memory,","start":1924.83,"end":1925.31},{"text":"restores","start":1925.55,"end":1925.99},{"text":"dignity,","start":1925.99,"end":1926.59},{"text":"and","start":1926.75,"end":1926.91},{"text":"actively","start":1926.91,"end":1927.35},{"text":"prevents","start":1927.35,"end":1927.75},{"text":"the","start":1927.75,"end":1927.87},{"text":"recurrence","start":1927.87,"end":1928.35},{"text":"of","start":1928.35,"end":1928.47},{"text":"gross","start":1928.47,"end":1928.75},{"text":"human","start":1928.75,"end":1928.99},{"text":"rights","start":1928.99,"end":1929.23},{"text":"violations.","start":1929.23,"end":1929.87}]},{"text":"Effective memorialization must remain victim-centered and participatory.","start":1930.47,"end":1934.27,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"Effective","start":1930.47,"end":1930.91},{"text":"memorialization","start":1930.91,"end":1931.75},{"text":"must","start":1931.75,"end":1931.95},{"text":"remain","start":1931.95,"end":1932.19},{"text":"victim-centered","start":1932.19,"end":1932.99},{"text":"and","start":1933.19,"end":1933.31},{"text":"participatory.","start":1933.31,"end":1934.27}]},{"text":"Only through that can we ensure that families play a decisive role while never replacing the state's primary duty to investigate and prosecute perpetrators.","start":1934.67,"end":1942.91,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Only","start":1934.67,"end":1934.95},{"text":"through","start":1934.95,"end":1935.07},{"text":"that","start":1935.07,"end":1935.31},{"text":"can","start":1935.31,"end":1935.47},{"text":"we","start":1935.47,"end":1935.59},{"text":"ensure","start":1935.59,"end":1935.95},{"text":"that","start":1935.95,"end":1936.19},{"text":"families","start":1936.19,"end":1936.75},{"text":"play","start":1936.75,"end":1936.99},{"text":"a","start":1936.99,"end":1937.03},{"text":"decisive","start":1937.03,"end":1937.55},{"text":"role","start":1937.55,"end":1937.87},{"text":"while","start":1937.99,"end":1938.27},{"text":"never","start":1938.27,"end":1938.55},{"text":"replacing","start":1938.55,"end":1939.07},{"text":"the","start":1939.07,"end":1939.15},{"text":"state's","start":1939.15,"end":1939.47},{"text":"primary","start":1939.47,"end":1940.03},{"text":"duty","start":1940.03,"end":1940.43},{"text":"to","start":1940.59,"end":1940.71},{"text":"investigate","start":1940.71,"end":1941.39},{"text":"and","start":1941.39,"end":1941.55},{"text":"prosecute","start":1941.55,"end":1942.19},{"text":"perpetrators.","start":1942.19,"end":1942.91}]},{"text":"We are deeply concerned by regressive policies that erode accountability.","start":1943.39,"end":1946.91,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1947.31,"end":1947.55},{"text":"includes","start":1947.55,"end":1947.95},{"text":"legislative","start":1947.95,"end":1948.59},{"text":"amnesties,","start":1948.59,"end":1949.31},{"text":"statues","start":1949.55,"end":1950.03},{"text":"of","start":1950.03,"end":1950.11},{"text":"limitations","start":1950.11,"end":1950.75},{"text":"for","start":1950.75,"end":1950.87},{"text":"gross","start":1950.87,"end":1951.15},{"text":"violations,","start":1951.15,"end":1951.87},{"text":"and","start":1952.19,"end":1952.31},{"text":"funding","start":1952.31,"end":1952.63},{"text":"cuts","start":1952.63,"end":1952.87},{"text":"to","start":1952.87,"end":1952.99},{"text":"memorialization","start":1952.99,"end":1953.83},{"text":"processes","start":1953.83,"end":1954.47},{"text":"and","start":1954.63,"end":1954.79},{"text":"specialized","start":1954.79,"end":1955.39},{"text":"investigative","start":1955.39,"end":1955.99},{"text":"bodies.","start":1955.99,"end":1956.47}]},{"text":"Measures like these severely damage public trust and heighten the risk of recurring abuses.","start":1956.95,"end":1961.59,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Measures","start":1956.95,"end":1957.35},{"text":"like","start":1957.35,"end":1957.51},{"text":"these","start":1957.51,"end":1957.79},{"text":"severely","start":1957.79,"end":1958.31},{"text":"damage","start":1958.31,"end":1958.63},{"text":"public","start":1958.63,"end":1958.99},{"text":"trust","start":1958.99,"end":1959.43},{"text":"and","start":1959.59,"end":1959.75},{"text":"heighten","start":1959.75,"end":1960.03},{"text":"the","start":1960.03,"end":1960.15},{"text":"risk","start":1960.15,"end":1960.43},{"text":"of","start":1960.43,"end":1960.55},{"text":"recurring","start":1960.55,"end":1960.99},{"text":"abuses.","start":1960.99,"end":1961.59}]},{"text":"Furthermore, civil society actors, lawyers, and families seeking truth continue to face unacceptable harassment, intimidation, and reprisals.","start":1961.91,"end":1971.51,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Education,","start":1982.91,"end":1983.63},{"text":"memorialization,","start":1983.71,"end":1984.75},{"text":"and","start":1984.91,"end":1985.07},{"text":"institutional","start":1985.07,"end":1985.67},{"text":"reform","start":1985.67,"end":1986.11},{"text":"must","start":1986.11,"end":1986.27},{"text":"remain","start":1986.27,"end":1986.67},{"text":"at","start":1986.67,"end":1986.75},{"text":"the","start":1986.75,"end":1986.83},{"text":"core","start":1986.83,"end":1987.23},{"text":"of","start":1987.39,"end":1987.55},{"text":"non-recurrence","start":1987.55,"end":1988.23},{"text":"strategies.","start":1988.23,"end":1988.99}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":1989.23,"end":1989.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1989.23,"end":1989.31},{"text":"thank","start":1989.31,"end":1989.63},{"text":"you.","start":1989.63,"end":1989.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UPEACE","affiliation_full":"UPEACE","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":1992.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=1993","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":1992.51,"end":1993.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1992.51,"end":1992.67},{"text":"you","start":1992.67,"end":1992.79},{"text":"very","start":1992.79,"end":1993.03},{"text":"much.","start":1993.03,"end":1993.47}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.","start":1993.47,"end":1998.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1993.47,"end":1993.63},{"text":"give","start":1993.63,"end":1993.83},{"text":"the","start":1993.83,"end":1993.95},{"text":"floor","start":1993.95,"end":1994.27},{"text":"to","start":1994.27,"end":1994.35},{"text":"the","start":1994.35,"end":1994.47},{"text":"distinguished","start":1994.47,"end":1995.31},{"text":"representative","start":1996.19,"end":1997.07},{"text":"of","start":1997.27,"end":1997.55},{"text":"Indonesia.","start":1998.27,"end":1998.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":1999.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=2000","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":1999.55,"end":2000.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1999.55,"end":1999.67},{"text":"you,","start":1999.67,"end":1999.75},{"text":"Mr.","start":1999.75,"end":2000.03},{"text":"Vice","start":2000.03,"end":2000.23},{"text":"President.","start":2000.23,"end":2000.79}]},{"text":"Indonesia takes note of the Special Rapporteur's report.","start":2001.03,"end":2003.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":2001.03,"end":2001.43},{"text":"takes","start":2001.43,"end":2001.75},{"text":"note","start":2001.75,"end":2002.07},{"text":"of","start":2002.07,"end":2002.23},{"text":"the","start":2002.23,"end":2002.31},{"text":"Special","start":2002.31,"end":2002.71},{"text":"Rapporteur's","start":2002.71,"end":2003.27},{"text":"report.","start":2003.27,"end":2003.83}]},{"text":"We concur that denial approach harms victims, obstructs justice, and enables recurrence.","start":2003.99,"end":2009.43,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2003.99,"end":2004.31},{"text":"concur","start":2004.31,"end":2004.79},{"text":"that","start":2004.79,"end":2004.91},{"text":"denial","start":2004.91,"end":2005.31},{"text":"approach","start":2005.31,"end":2005.71},{"text":"harms","start":2005.71,"end":2005.99},{"text":"victims,","start":2005.99,"end":2006.63},{"text":"obstructs","start":2007.11,"end":2007.59},{"text":"justice,","start":2007.59,"end":2008.15},{"text":"and","start":2008.15,"end":2008.27},{"text":"enables","start":2008.27,"end":2008.79},{"text":"recurrence.","start":2008.79,"end":2009.43}]},{"text":"Yet the pursuit of truth and justice must also be anchored in verified evidence, rigorous analysis, and due process.","start":2010.07,"end":2017.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":2010.07,"end":2010.31},{"text":"the","start":2010.31,"end":2010.39},{"text":"pursuit","start":2010.39,"end":2010.75},{"text":"of","start":2010.75,"end":2010.87},{"text":"truth","start":2010.87,"end":2011.23},{"text":"and","start":2011.23,"end":2011.39},{"text":"justice","start":2011.39,"end":2011.83},{"text":"must","start":2011.83,"end":2012.07},{"text":"also","start":2012.07,"end":2012.39},{"text":"be","start":2012.39,"end":2012.51},{"text":"anchored","start":2012.51,"end":2012.95},{"text":"in","start":2013.11,"end":2013.47},{"text":"verified","start":2013.47,"end":2013.99},{"text":"evidence,","start":2014.07,"end":2014.55},{"text":"rigorous","start":2014.75,"end":2015.27},{"text":"analysis,","start":2015.43,"end":2016.39},{"text":"and","start":2016.39,"end":2016.59},{"text":"due","start":2016.59,"end":2016.71},{"text":"process.","start":2016.71,"end":2017.27}]},{"text":"Therefore, we urge caution of oversimplification in assessing a nation's history, putting on a fragmented lens over a slice of nation's complex history.","start":2017.91,"end":2027.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":2017.91,"end":2018.39},{"text":"we","start":2018.39,"end":2018.55},{"text":"urge","start":2018.55,"end":2018.79},{"text":"caution","start":2018.79,"end":2019.27},{"text":"of","start":2019.35,"end":2019.59},{"text":"oversimplification","start":2019.67,"end":2020.75},{"text":"in","start":2020.75,"end":2020.87},{"text":"assessing","start":2020.87,"end":2021.43},{"text":"a","start":2021.75,"end":2021.79},{"text":"nation's","start":2021.79,"end":2022.35},{"text":"history,","start":2022.35,"end":2022.87},{"text":"putting","start":2023.43,"end":2023.75},{"text":"on","start":2023.75,"end":2023.87},{"text":"a","start":2023.87,"end":2023.91},{"text":"fragmented","start":2023.91,"end":2024.55},{"text":"lens","start":2024.55,"end":2024.87},{"text":"over","start":2024.87,"end":2025.19},{"text":"a","start":2025.19,"end":2025.23},{"text":"slice","start":2025.23,"end":2025.59},{"text":"of","start":2025.59,"end":2025.75},{"text":"nation's","start":2025.75,"end":2026.15},{"text":"complex","start":2026.15,"end":2026.55},{"text":"history.","start":2026.55,"end":2027.03}]},{"text":"Indonesia stands firm in its commitment to the right of truth.","start":2027.71,"end":2030.51,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":2027.71,"end":2028.07},{"text":"stands","start":2028.07,"end":2028.47},{"text":"firm","start":2028.47,"end":2028.71},{"text":"in","start":2028.71,"end":2028.87},{"text":"its","start":2028.87,"end":2029.03},{"text":"commitment","start":2029.03,"end":2029.67},{"text":"to","start":2029.67,"end":2029.75},{"text":"the","start":2029.75,"end":2029.87},{"text":"right","start":2029.87,"end":2030.07},{"text":"of","start":2030.07,"end":2030.23},{"text":"truth.","start":2030.23,"end":2030.51}]},{"text":"The report's reference to Indonesia has been addressed in our response to the joint communication.","start":2031.11,"end":2035.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2031.11,"end":2031.31},{"text":"report's","start":2031.31,"end":2031.91},{"text":"reference","start":2031.91,"end":2032.35},{"text":"to","start":2032.35,"end":2032.43},{"text":"Indonesia","start":2032.43,"end":2032.79},{"text":"has","start":2032.79,"end":2032.95},{"text":"been","start":2032.95,"end":2033.11},{"text":"addressed","start":2033.11,"end":2033.47},{"text":"in","start":2033.47,"end":2033.59},{"text":"our","start":2033.59,"end":2033.79},{"text":"response","start":2033.79,"end":2034.23},{"text":"to","start":2034.23,"end":2034.31},{"text":"the","start":2034.31,"end":2034.39},{"text":"joint","start":2034.39,"end":2034.71},{"text":"communication.","start":2034.71,"end":2035.35}]},{"text":"Mr. Vice President, denial becomes most stark not in the absence of findings, but in their outright rejection.","start":2035.75,"end":2042.15,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":2035.75,"end":2036.03},{"text":"Vice","start":2036.03,"end":2036.27},{"text":"President,","start":2036.27,"end":2036.75},{"text":"denial","start":2036.75,"end":2037.27},{"text":"becomes","start":2037.27,"end":2037.75},{"text":"most","start":2037.75,"end":2038.39},{"text":"stark","start":2038.63,"end":2039.07},{"text":"not","start":2039.07,"end":2039.31},{"text":"in","start":2039.31,"end":2039.43},{"text":"the","start":2039.43,"end":2039.55},{"text":"absence","start":2039.55,"end":2039.91},{"text":"of","start":2039.91,"end":2039.99},{"text":"findings,","start":2039.99,"end":2040.55},{"text":"but","start":2040.55,"end":2040.79},{"text":"in","start":2040.79,"end":2040.87},{"text":"their","start":2040.87,"end":2041.03},{"text":"outright","start":2041.03,"end":2041.51},{"text":"rejection.","start":2041.51,"end":2042.15}]},{"text":"The atrocity in Gaza is one such case, where violations are documented, evidence and reporting exist, and international proceedings are underway.","start":2042.63,"end":2051.51,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2042.63,"end":2042.75},{"text":"atrocity","start":2042.75,"end":2043.31},{"text":"in","start":2043.31,"end":2043.43},{"text":"Gaza","start":2043.43,"end":2043.83},{"text":"is","start":2043.91,"end":2044.07},{"text":"one","start":2044.07,"end":2044.39},{"text":"such","start":2044.39,"end":2044.79},{"text":"case,","start":2044.79,"end":2045.19},{"text":"where","start":2045.19,"end":2045.55},{"text":"violations","start":2045.55,"end":2046.15},{"text":"are","start":2046.15,"end":2046.31},{"text":"documented,","start":2046.31,"end":2046.95},{"text":"evidence","start":2047.15,"end":2047.67},{"text":"and","start":2047.67,"end":2047.91},{"text":"reporting","start":2047.91,"end":2048.35},{"text":"exist,","start":2048.35,"end":2048.87},{"text":"and","start":2049.43,"end":2049.63},{"text":"international","start":2049.63,"end":2050.23},{"text":"proceedings","start":2050.23,"end":2050.79},{"text":"are","start":2050.79,"end":2050.95},{"text":"underway.","start":2050.95,"end":2051.51}]},{"text":"Yet the states responsible continue to deny them, while brutality is happening in real time.","start":2051.99,"end":2056.95,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":2051.99,"end":2052.23},{"text":"the","start":2052.23,"end":2052.31},{"text":"states","start":2052.31,"end":2052.71},{"text":"responsible","start":2052.71,"end":2053.27},{"text":"continue","start":2053.27,"end":2053.67},{"text":"to","start":2053.67,"end":2053.79},{"text":"deny","start":2053.79,"end":2054.15},{"text":"them,","start":2054.15,"end":2054.31},{"text":"while","start":2054.55,"end":2055.27},{"text":"brutality","start":2055.27,"end":2055.87},{"text":"is","start":2055.87,"end":2055.95},{"text":"happening","start":2055.95,"end":2056.27},{"text":"in","start":2056.27,"end":2056.39},{"text":"real","start":2056.39,"end":2056.63},{"text":"time.","start":2056.63,"end":2056.95}]},{"text":"More troubling still, the denialist narratives are now being taught in their own schools, shaping history into propaganda that fuels discrimination and entrenched generational hatred.","start":2057.51,"end":2067.75,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":2057.51,"end":2057.75},{"text":"troubling","start":2057.75,"end":2058.23},{"text":"still,","start":2058.23,"end":2058.55},{"text":"the","start":2058.55,"end":2058.91},{"text":"denialist","start":2059.03,"end":2059.67},{"text":"narratives","start":2059.67,"end":2060.23},{"text":"are","start":2060.23,"end":2060.39},{"text":"now","start":2060.39,"end":2060.55},{"text":"being","start":2060.55,"end":2060.87},{"text":"taught","start":2060.91,"end":2061.19},{"text":"in","start":2061.19,"end":2061.35},{"text":"their","start":2061.35,"end":2061.51},{"text":"own","start":2061.51,"end":2061.75},{"text":"schools,","start":2061.75,"end":2062.15},{"text":"shaping","start":2062.55,"end":2062.99},{"text":"history","start":2062.99,"end":2063.35},{"text":"into","start":2063.35,"end":2063.51},{"text":"propaganda","start":2063.51,"end":2064.15},{"text":"that","start":2064.15,"end":2064.39},{"text":"fuels","start":2064.39,"end":2064.71},{"text":"discrimination","start":2064.71,"end":2065.55},{"text":"and","start":2065.55,"end":2065.67},{"text":"entrenched","start":2065.67,"end":2066.23},{"text":"generational","start":2066.31,"end":2067.11},{"text":"hatred.","start":2067.27,"end":2067.75}]},{"text":"Mr. Special Rapporteur, how would you advise the international community to concretely address this persistent denial on this atrocity?","start":2068.39,"end":2075.99,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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report.","start":2088.51,"end":2092.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2088.51,"end":2088.63},{"text":"Marshall","start":2088.63,"end":2088.99},{"text":"Islands","start":2088.99,"end":2089.23},{"text":"thanks","start":2089.23,"end":2089.51},{"text":"the","start":2089.51,"end":2089.59},{"text":"Special","start":2089.59,"end":2089.99},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":2089.99,"end":2090.51},{"text":"for","start":2090.51,"end":2090.75},{"text":"his","start":2090.75,"end":2090.91},{"text":"visit,","start":2090.91,"end":2091.23},{"text":"for","start":2091.55,"end":2091.71},{"text":"his","start":2091.71,"end":2091.87},{"text":"report.","start":2091.87,"end":2092.23}]},{"text":"We are also grateful for his visit in August and for his engagement with the National Nuclear Commission and the people of the Marshall 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":2216.75,"end":2216.87},{"text":"matters","start":2216.87,"end":2217.27},{"text":"of","start":2217.27,"end":2217.35},{"text":"law,","start":2217.35,"end":2217.75},{"text":"we","start":2217.75,"end":2217.95},{"text":"defer","start":2217.95,"end":2218.35},{"text":"to","start":2218.35,"end":2218.51},{"text":"courts.","start":2218.51,"end":2218.99}]},{"text":"On matters of history, to historians.","start":2219.23,"end":2221.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":2219.23,"end":2219.39},{"text":"matters","start":2219.39,"end":2219.79},{"text":"of","start":2219.79,"end":2219.87},{"text":"history,","start":2219.87,"end":2220.43},{"text":"to","start":2220.51,"end":2220.67},{"text":"historians.","start":2220.67,"end":2221.39}]},{"text":"A report under this mandate should do the same.","start":2221.95,"end":2224.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2221.95,"end":2221.99},{"text":"report","start":2221.99,"end":2222.35},{"text":"under","start":2222.35,"end":2222.67},{"text":"this","start":2222.67,"end":2222.83},{"text":"mandate","start":2222.83,"end":2223.39},{"text":"should","start":2223.39,"end":2223.63},{"text":"do","start":2223.63,"end":2223.79},{"text":"the","start":2223.79,"end":2223.87},{"text":"same.","start":2223.87,"end":2224.19}]},{"text":"Matters of legitimate historical debate are settled through open discussion and open archives.","start":2224.91,"end":2229.87,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2308.03,"end":2308.19},{"text":"on","start":2308.19,"end":2308.31},{"text":"the","start":2308.31,"end":2308.39},{"text":"guarantee","start":2308.39,"end":2308.95},{"text":"of","start":2308.95,"end":2309.11},{"text":"non-recurrence,","start":2309.11,"end":2309.99},{"text":"ending","start":2309.99,"end":2310.39},{"text":"impunity","start":2310.39,"end":2310.95},{"text":"deters","start":2310.95,"end":2311.59},{"text":"future","start":2311.83,"end":2312.63},{"text":"violations.","start":2312.83,"end":2313.67}]},{"text":"Afghanistan, therefore, calls for the mechanism to be operationalised and adequately resourced.","start":2314.15,"end":2318.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Afghanistan,","start":2314.15,"end":2314.67},{"text":"therefore,","start":2314.67,"end":2314.99},{"text":"calls","start":2314.99,"end":2315.31},{"text":"for","start":2315.31,"end":2315.55},{"text":"the","start":2315.55,"end":2315.63},{"text":"mechanism","start":2315.63,"end":2316.27},{"text":"to","start":2316.27,"end":2316.47},{"text":"be","start":2316.47,"end":2316.59},{"text":"operationalised","start":2316.59,"end":2317.31},{"text":"and","start":2317.31,"end":2317.43},{"text":"adequately","start":2317.43,"end":2318.11},{"text":"resourced.","start":2318.35,"end":2318.83}]},{"text":"Mr Special Rapporteur, where Taliban deny violation in real-time control domestic information, how can investigative mechanism best safeguard evidentiary record against destruction and digital manipulation?","start":2318.83,"end":2330.75,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr","start":2318.83,"end":2319.15},{"text":"Special","start":2319.15,"end":2319.55},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":2319.55,"end":2319.99},{"text":"where","start":2319.99,"end":2320.19},{"text":"Taliban","start":2320.19,"end":2320.67},{"text":"deny","start":2320.67,"end":2320.99},{"text":"violation","start":2320.99,"end":2321.63},{"text":"in","start":2322.03,"end":2322.19},{"text":"real-time","start":2322.19,"end":2322.75},{"text":"control","start":2322.75,"end":2323.31},{"text":"domestic","start":2323.63,"end":2324.11},{"text":"information,","start":2324.11,"end":2324.91},{"text":"how","start":2324.91,"end":2325.23},{"text":"can","start":2325.23,"end":2325.55},{"text":"investigative","start":2325.55,"end":2326.19},{"text":"mechanism","start":2326.19,"end":2326.79},{"text":"best","start":2326.79,"end":2327.07},{"text":"safeguard","start":2327.07,"end":2327.63},{"text":"evidentiary","start":2327.67,"end":2328.27},{"text":"record","start":2328.27,"end":2328.67},{"text":"against","start":2328.67,"end":2328.99},{"text":"destruction","start":2328.99,"end":2329.55},{"text":"and","start":2329.55,"end":2329.75},{"text":"digital","start":2329.75,"end":2330.11},{"text":"manipulation?","start":2330.11,"end":2330.75}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And I thank you, Mr Vice-President.","start":2331.27,"end":2334.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2331.27,"end":2331.43},{"text":"I","start":2331.43,"end":2331.47},{"text":"thank","start":2331.47,"end":2331.75},{"text":"you,","start":2331.75,"end":2331.87},{"text":"Mr","start":2331.87,"end":2332.51},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":2333.91,"end":2334.67}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"AFG","affiliation_full":"Afghanistan","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":39,"start":2334.83,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=2335","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2334.83,"end":2335.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2334.83,"end":2335.03},{"text":"you","start":2335.03,"end":2335.11},{"text":"very","start":2335.11,"end":2335.27},{"text":"much.","start":2335.35,"end":2335.63}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the Distinguished Representative of the Sovereign Order of Malta, video statement.","start":2335.71,"end":2342.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2335.71,"end":2335.79},{"text":"give","start":2335.79,"end":2335.95},{"text":"the","start":2335.95,"end":2336.07},{"text":"floor","start":2336.07,"end":2336.51},{"text":"to","start":2336.51,"end":2336.87},{"text":"the","start":2337.23,"end":2337.31},{"text":"Distinguished","start":2337.31,"end":2337.95},{"text":"Representative","start":2337.95,"end":2338.75},{"text":"of","start":2340.11,"end":2340.27},{"text":"the","start":2340.27,"end":2340.39},{"text":"Sovereign","start":2340.39,"end":2340.83},{"text":"Order","start":2340.83,"end":2341.07},{"text":"of","start":2341.07,"end":2341.15},{"text":"Malta,","start":2341.15,"end":2341.63},{"text":"video","start":2341.71,"end":2342.11},{"text":"statement.","start":2342.11,"end":2342.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":40,"start":2343.23,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=2344","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The Sovereign Order of Malta expresses its gratitude to the Special Rapporteur, Professor Bernard Duhaim, for his report.","start":2343.23,"end":2350.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2343.23,"end":2343.27},{"text":"Sovereign","start":2343.31,"end":2343.71},{"text":"Order","start":2343.71,"end":2343.91},{"text":"of","start":2343.91,"end":2343.99},{"text":"Malta","start":2343.99,"end":2344.43},{"text":"expresses","start":2344.83,"end":2345.35},{"text":"its","start":2345.35,"end":2345.47},{"text":"gratitude","start":2345.63,"end":2346.35},{"text":"to","start":2346.35,"end":2346.55},{"text":"the","start":2346.59,"end":2346.71},{"text":"Special","start":2346.71,"end":2347.15},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":2347.15,"end":2347.79},{"text":"Professor","start":2348.11,"end":2348.55},{"text":"Bernard","start":2348.55,"end":2348.95},{"text":"Duhaim,","start":2348.95,"end":2349.47},{"text":"for","start":2349.71,"end":2349.91},{"text":"his","start":2349.91,"end":2350.19},{"text":"report.","start":2350.19,"end":2350.75}]},{"text":"Denialism, negationism and revisionism represent serious threats to the application and implementation of international law and human rights.","start":2351.31,"end":2360.59,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2582.39,"end":2582.71},{"text":"approach","start":2582.71,"end":2583.19},{"text":"can","start":2583.19,"end":2583.43},{"text":"contribute","start":2583.43,"end":2584.11},{"text":"to","start":2584.39,"end":2584.63},{"text":"an","start":2584.67,"end":2584.75},{"text":"informed","start":2584.95,"end":2585.43},{"text":"understanding","start":2585.43,"end":2586.03},{"text":"of","start":2586.03,"end":2586.15},{"text":"the","start":2586.15,"end":2586.23},{"text":"past,","start":2586.23,"end":2586.59},{"text":"promoting","start":2586.59,"end":2587.03},{"text":"at","start":2587.03,"end":2587.11},{"text":"the","start":2587.11,"end":2587.19},{"text":"same","start":2587.19,"end":2587.51},{"text":"time","start":2587.51,"end":2587.83},{"text":"respect","start":2587.83,"end":2588.23},{"text":"for","start":2588.23,"end":2588.39},{"text":"freedom","start":2588.39,"end":2588.63},{"text":"of","start":2588.63,"end":2588.71},{"text":"expression.","start":2588.71,"end":2589.35}]},{"text":"In the current digital environment, Digital information is particularly relevant for people to be able to adequately analyze content in social networks and through new technologies.","start":2591.67,"end":2604.39,"topics":[{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. 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Godoy Foa subscribes to the statements made by the groups that it belongs to and welcomes the presentation of the report on denialism, negationism and revisionism in the context of transitional justice.","start":2732.39,"end":2751.55,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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The Gambia thanks the Special Rapporteur for his report on denialism, negationism and revisionism in transitional justice contexts.","start":3022.99,"end":3036.75,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3463.15,"end":3463.19},{"text":"note","start":3463.19,"end":3463.39},{"text":"with","start":3463.39,"end":3463.55},{"text":"concern","start":3463.55,"end":3464.03},{"text":"the","start":3464.03,"end":3464.11},{"text":"growing","start":3464.11,"end":3464.51},{"text":"misuse","start":3464.51,"end":3465.11},{"text":"and","start":3465.11,"end":3465.23},{"text":"overreach","start":3465.31,"end":3465.95},{"text":"of","start":3465.99,"end":3466.19},{"text":"overly","start":3466.19,"end":3466.51},{"text":"broad","start":3466.51,"end":3466.91},{"text":"and","start":3466.95,"end":3467.11},{"text":"vague","start":3467.11,"end":3467.39},{"text":"national","start":3467.39,"end":3467.79},{"text":"security","start":3467.79,"end":3468.27},{"text":"laws","start":3468.27,"end":3468.75},{"text":"and","start":3469.03,"end":3469.19},{"text":"related","start":3469.19,"end":3469.63},{"text":"measures","start":3469.63,"end":3470.11},{"text":"that","start":3470.11,"end":3470.27},{"text":"have","start":3470.27,"end":3470.43},{"text":"a","start":3470.43,"end":3470.47},{"text":"chilling","start":3470.47,"end":3470.83},{"text":"effect","start":3470.83,"end":3471.19},{"text":"on","start":3471.19,"end":3471.31},{"text":"civil","start":3471.31,"end":3471.59},{"text":"society","start":3471.59,"end":3472.35},{"text":"seeking","start":3472.67,"end":3473.15},{"text":"to","start":3473.15,"end":3473.31},{"text":"document","start":3473.31,"end":3473.91},{"text":"violations","start":3473.91,"end":3474.71},{"text":"and","start":3474.71,"end":3474.87},{"text":"preserve","start":3474.87,"end":3475.31},{"text":"historical","start":3475.31,"end":3475.87},{"text":"records.","start":3475.87,"end":3476.51}]},{"text":"Mr. Special Rapporteur, what accountability measures have been most effective in preventing denialism from reversing the findings of truth commissions, courts, and other transitional justice mechanisms?","start":3476.83,"end":3488.03,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":3476.83,"end":3477.07},{"text":"Special","start":3477.07,"end":3477.35},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":3477.35,"end":3477.95},{"text":"what","start":3478.39,"end":3478.63},{"text":"accountability","start":3478.63,"end":3479.39},{"text":"measures","start":3479.39,"end":3479.79},{"text":"have","start":3479.79,"end":3479.95},{"text":"been","start":3479.95,"end":3480.15},{"text":"most","start":3480.15,"end":3480.43},{"text":"effective","start":3480.43,"end":3481.07},{"text":"in","start":3481.39,"end":3481.55},{"text":"preventing","start":3481.55,"end":3482.11},{"text":"denialism","start":3482.11,"end":3482.83},{"text":"from","start":3482.91,"end":3483.15},{"text":"reversing","start":3483.15,"end":3483.63},{"text":"the","start":3483.63,"end":3483.75},{"text":"findings","start":3483.75,"end":3484.19},{"text":"of","start":3484.19,"end":3484.27},{"text":"truth","start":3484.27,"end":3484.51},{"text":"commissions,","start":3484.51,"end":3485.15},{"text":"courts,","start":3485.15,"end":3485.71},{"text":"and","start":3485.99,"end":3486.15},{"text":"other","start":3486.15,"end":3486.31},{"text":"transitional","start":3486.31,"end":3486.83},{"text":"justice","start":3486.83,"end":3487.23},{"text":"mechanisms?","start":3487.23,"end":3488.03}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":3488.27,"end":3488.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3488.27,"end":3488.43},{"text":"thank","start":3488.43,"end":3488.75},{"text":"you.","start":3488.75,"end":3488.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LIE","affiliation_full":"Liechtenstein","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":63,"start":3490.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3491","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":3490.19,"end":3491.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3490.19,"end":3490.31},{"text":"you","start":3490.31,"end":3490.39},{"text":"very","start":3490.47,"end":3490.87},{"text":"much.","start":3491.27,"end":3491.91}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Egypt.","start":3492.23,"end":3495.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3492.23,"end":3492.39},{"text":"give","start":3492.39,"end":3492.55},{"text":"the","start":3492.55,"end":3492.67},{"text":"floor","start":3492.67,"end":3493.03},{"text":"to","start":3493.03,"end":3493.15},{"text":"the","start":3493.15,"end":3493.23},{"text":"distinguished","start":3493.23,"end":3493.83},{"text":"representative","start":3493.83,"end":3495.11},{"text":"of","start":3495.11,"end":3495.19},{"text":"Egypt.","start":3495.19,"end":3495.75}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":64,"start":3498.87,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3499","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":3498.87,"end":3500.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3498.87,"end":3499.19},{"text":"you,","start":3499.19,"end":3499.27},{"text":"Mr.","start":3499.27,"end":3499.59},{"text":"Vice","start":3499.59,"end":3499.91},{"text":"President.","start":3499.91,"end":3500.71}]},{"text":"We welcome the Special Rapporteur and take note of the report and its recommendations.","start":3500.87,"end":3507.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3500.87,"end":3501.27},{"text":"welcome","start":3501.27,"end":3501.99},{"text":"the","start":3501.99,"end":3502.11},{"text":"Special","start":3502.23,"end":3503.03},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":3503.35,"end":3504.15},{"text":"and","start":3504.15,"end":3504.39},{"text":"take","start":3504.39,"end":3504.71},{"text":"note","start":3504.71,"end":3505.11},{"text":"of","start":3505.11,"end":3505.35},{"text":"the","start":3505.35,"end":3505.51},{"text":"report","start":3505.51,"end":3506.23},{"text":"and","start":3506.23,"end":3506.47},{"text":"its","start":3506.47,"end":3506.79},{"text":"recommendations.","start":3506.79,"end":3507.91}]},{"text":"We reaffirm the importance of documenting violations to support truth, justice, and guarantees of non-recurrence while respecting the national contexts.","start":3508.39,"end":3521.11,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3508.39,"end":3508.67},{"text":"reaffirm","start":3508.67,"end":3509.19},{"text":"the","start":3509.19,"end":3509.31},{"text":"importance","start":3509.31,"end":3509.99},{"text":"of","start":3509.99,"end":3510.15},{"text":"documenting","start":3510.15,"end":3511.11},{"text":"violations","start":3511.11,"end":3512.23},{"text":"to","start":3512.63,"end":3512.75},{"text":"support","start":3512.79,"end":3513.59},{"text":"truth,","start":3513.67,"end":3514.23},{"text":"justice,","start":3514.31,"end":3515.03},{"text":"and","start":3515.43,"end":3515.83},{"text":"guarantees","start":3515.91,"end":3516.59},{"text":"of","start":3516.59,"end":3516.71},{"text":"non-recurrence","start":3516.79,"end":3518.07},{"text":"while","start":3518.07,"end":3518.55},{"text":"respecting","start":3518.55,"end":3519.43},{"text":"the","start":3519.43,"end":3519.55},{"text":"national","start":3519.59,"end":3520.11},{"text":"contexts.","start":3520.23,"end":3521.11}]},{"text":"The situation in the OPT is a clear example of the gravity of denial and trying to obliterate the truth and change the facts while the Palestinian people face continuous continuations and there are attempts to minimize the gravity of these violations.","start":3521.67,"end":3549.11,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3521.67,"end":3521.79},{"text":"situation","start":3521.79,"end":3522.95},{"text":"in","start":3522.95,"end":3523.03},{"text":"the","start":3523.15,"end":3523.23},{"text":"OPT","start":3523.23,"end":3523.75},{"text":"is","start":3524.23,"end":3524.47},{"text":"a","start":3524.55,"end":3524.59},{"text":"clear","start":3524.59,"end":3525.19},{"text":"example","start":3525.19,"end":3525.83},{"text":"of","start":3525.83,"end":3526.07},{"text":"the","start":3526.07,"end":3526.15},{"text":"gravity","start":3526.15,"end":3527.19},{"text":"of","start":3527.43,"end":3527.75},{"text":"denial","start":3527.75,"end":3528.55},{"text":"and","start":3528.55,"end":3528.87},{"text":"trying","start":3529.03,"end":3529.75},{"text":"to","start":3529.75,"end":3530.03},{"text":"obliterate","start":3530.03,"end":3530.87},{"text":"the","start":3530.87,"end":3531.07},{"text":"truth","start":3531.07,"end":3531.51},{"text":"and","start":3531.59,"end":3531.83},{"text":"change","start":3531.83,"end":3532.31},{"text":"the","start":3532.31,"end":3532.43},{"text":"facts","start":3532.43,"end":3532.95},{"text":"while","start":3533.35,"end":3533.75},{"text":"the","start":3533.75,"end":3533.91},{"text":"Palestinian","start":3533.91,"end":3534.71},{"text":"people","start":3534.71,"end":3535.19},{"text":"face","start":3535.51,"end":3536.15},{"text":"continuous","start":3536.71,"end":3537.83},{"text":"continuations","start":3537.83,"end":3539.27},{"text":"and","start":3539.27,"end":3539.55},{"text":"there","start":3539.55,"end":3539.75},{"text":"are","start":3539.75,"end":3540.07},{"text":"attempts","start":3540.07,"end":3540.71},{"text":"to","start":3541.19,"end":3541.59},{"text":"minimize","start":3544.79,"end":3545.83},{"text":"the","start":3545.91,"end":3546.11},{"text":"gravity","start":3546.11,"end":3547.03},{"text":"of","start":3547.03,"end":3547.35},{"text":"these","start":3547.35,"end":3547.83},{"text":"violations.","start":3547.99,"end":3549.11}]},{"text":"We would like to ask the Special Rapporteur, how do you see we should deal with these practices on the ground in the OPT while we are seeing increasing use of AI to circulating misinformation and to distract from the reality of what's happening on the ground, I think.","start":3549.11,"end":3571.07,"topics":[{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. 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Ethiopia.","start":3574.27,"end":3577.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3574.27,"end":3574.43},{"text":"give","start":3574.43,"end":3574.55},{"text":"the","start":3574.55,"end":3574.67},{"text":"floor","start":3574.67,"end":3574.99},{"text":"to","start":3574.99,"end":3575.07},{"text":"the","start":3575.07,"end":3575.15},{"text":"distinguished","start":3575.15,"end":3575.83},{"text":"representative","start":3575.83,"end":3576.83},{"text":"of","start":3576.91,"end":3577.15},{"text":"Ethiopia.","start":3577.15,"end":3577.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":66,"start":3577.63,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3578","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice-President.","start":3577.63,"end":3580.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3577.63,"end":3577.79},{"text":"you,","start":3579.39,"end":3579.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":3579.47,"end":3579.83},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":3579.83,"end":3580.63}]},{"text":"Ethiopia thanks the Special Rapporteur for this timely report.","start":3580.63,"end":3583.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ethiopia","start":3580.63,"end":3581.07},{"text":"thanks","start":3581.07,"end":3581.31},{"text":"the","start":3581.31,"end":3581.47},{"text":"Special","start":3581.47,"end":3581.99},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":3581.99,"end":3582.51},{"text":"for","start":3582.51,"end":3582.75},{"text":"this","start":3582.75,"end":3582.99},{"text":"timely","start":3582.99,"end":3583.31},{"text":"report.","start":3583.31,"end":3583.87}]},{"text":"Ethiopia reaffirms that sustainable peace requires confronting the legacies of violence through truth, justice, accountability, repatriation, reconciliation and credible guarantees of non-recurrence.","start":3583.87,"end":3594.75,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"Ethiopia","start":3583.87,"end":3584.31},{"text":"reaffirms","start":3584.31,"end":3584.91},{"text":"that","start":3584.91,"end":3585.15},{"text":"sustainable","start":3585.15,"end":3585.63},{"text":"peace","start":3585.63,"end":3585.95},{"text":"requires","start":3585.95,"end":3586.35},{"text":"confronting","start":3586.35,"end":3587.15},{"text":"the","start":3587.15,"end":3587.27},{"text":"legacies","start":3587.31,"end":3587.79},{"text":"of","start":3587.79,"end":3587.95},{"text":"violence","start":3587.95,"end":3588.43},{"text":"through","start":3588.43,"end":3588.67},{"text":"truth,","start":3588.67,"end":3588.95},{"text":"justice,","start":3589.39,"end":3589.79},{"text":"accountability,","start":3589.79,"end":3590.55},{"text":"repatriation,","start":3590.55,"end":3591.31},{"text":"reconciliation","start":3591.31,"end":3592.07},{"text":"and","start":3592.07,"end":3592.19},{"text":"credible","start":3592.19,"end":3592.63},{"text":"guarantees","start":3592.63,"end":3593.19},{"text":"of","start":3593.19,"end":3593.39},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":3593.39,"end":3594.75}]},{"text":"Transitional justice should, however, remain nationally owned, inclusive and responsive to the specific historical, social institutional context of each country.","start":3594.99,"end":3604.43,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"Transitional","start":3594.99,"end":3595.55},{"text":"justice","start":3595.55,"end":3596.03},{"text":"should,","start":3596.03,"end":3596.35},{"text":"however,","start":3596.35,"end":3596.83},{"text":"remain","start":3596.83,"end":3597.15},{"text":"nationally","start":3597.15,"end":3597.63},{"text":"owned,","start":3597.63,"end":3597.95},{"text":"inclusive","start":3597.95,"end":3598.55},{"text":"and","start":3598.55,"end":3598.71},{"text":"responsive","start":3598.71,"end":3599.31},{"text":"to","start":3599.31,"end":3600.15},{"text":"the","start":3600.51,"end":3600.75},{"text":"specific","start":3600.75,"end":3601.23},{"text":"historical,","start":3601.23,"end":3601.79},{"text":"social","start":3601.79,"end":3602.23},{"text":"institutional","start":3602.35,"end":3603.15},{"text":"context","start":3603.15,"end":3603.71},{"text":"of","start":3603.71,"end":3603.87},{"text":"each","start":3603.87,"end":3604.03},{"text":"country.","start":3604.03,"end":3604.43}]},{"text":"Ethiopia recognized the importance of preserving accurate and evidence-based accounts of past violation and ensuring that victims and affected communities are meaningfully heard.","start":3604.83,"end":3614.03,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"Ethiopia","start":3604.83,"end":3605.23},{"text":"recognized","start":3605.23,"end":3605.79},{"text":"the","start":3605.79,"end":3605.87},{"text":"importance","start":3605.87,"end":3606.43},{"text":"of","start":3606.43,"end":3606.51},{"text":"preserving","start":3606.51,"end":3607.07},{"text":"accurate","start":3607.07,"end":3607.55},{"text":"and","start":3607.55,"end":3607.71},{"text":"evidence-based","start":3607.71,"end":3608.51},{"text":"accounts","start":3608.51,"end":3608.95},{"text":"of","start":3608.95,"end":3609.07},{"text":"past","start":3609.07,"end":3609.39},{"text":"violation","start":3609.39,"end":3610.03},{"text":"and","start":3610.35,"end":3610.55},{"text":"ensuring","start":3610.55,"end":3610.99},{"text":"that","start":3610.99,"end":3611.23},{"text":"victims","start":3611.23,"end":3611.75},{"text":"and","start":3611.75,"end":3612.03},{"text":"affected","start":3612.03,"end":3612.35},{"text":"communities","start":3612.35,"end":3612.99},{"text":"are","start":3612.99,"end":3613.15},{"text":"meaningfully","start":3613.15,"end":3613.63},{"text":"heard.","start":3613.63,"end":3614.03}]},{"text":"At the same time, efforts to address denialism must not become instrument for political polarization.","start":3614.43,"end":3619.95,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3640.11,"end":3640.31},{"text":"also","start":3640.31,"end":3640.55},{"text":"recognize","start":3640.55,"end":3641.15},{"text":"the","start":3641.15,"end":3641.27},{"text":"emerging","start":3641.27,"end":3641.71},{"text":"challenge","start":3641.71,"end":3642.15},{"text":"posed","start":3642.15,"end":3642.47},{"text":"by","start":3642.47,"end":3642.59},{"text":"digital","start":3642.59,"end":3642.99},{"text":"disinformation","start":3642.99,"end":3643.95},{"text":"and","start":3643.95,"end":3644.11},{"text":"artificial","start":3644.11,"end":3644.67},{"text":"intelligence.","start":3644.67,"end":3645.31}]},{"text":"In closing, Ethiopia remains committed to strengthening national institution, advancing accountability, and supporting a forward-looking transitional justice process that contributes to durable peace, reconciliation and non-recurrence.","start":3645.67,"end":3658.51,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3645.67,"end":3645.79},{"text":"closing,","start":3645.79,"end":3646.19},{"text":"Ethiopia","start":3646.19,"end":3646.59},{"text":"remains","start":3646.59,"end":3646.99},{"text":"committed","start":3646.99,"end":3647.43},{"text":"to","start":3647.43,"end":3647.55},{"text":"strengthening","start":3647.55,"end":3648.11},{"text":"national","start":3648.11,"end":3648.51},{"text":"institution,","start":3648.51,"end":3649.31},{"text":"advancing","start":3649.55,"end":3649.99},{"text":"accountability,","start":3649.99,"end":3650.47},{"text":"and","start":3650.55,"end":3650.75},{"text":"supporting","start":3650.91,"end":3651.47},{"text":"a","start":3651.47,"end":3651.55},{"text":"forward-looking","start":3651.55,"end":3652.43},{"text":"transitional","start":3652.43,"end":3653.23},{"text":"justice","start":3653.23,"end":3653.63},{"text":"process","start":3653.63,"end":3654.19},{"text":"that","start":3654.43,"end":3654.63},{"text":"contributes","start":3654.63,"end":3655.31},{"text":"to","start":3655.31,"end":3655.47},{"text":"durable","start":3655.47,"end":3656.03},{"text":"peace,","start":3656.03,"end":3656.35},{"text":"reconciliation","start":3656.35,"end":3657.39},{"text":"and","start":3657.39,"end":3657.55},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":3657.63,"end":3658.51}]},{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice-President.","start":3658.51,"end":3659.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3658.51,"end":3658.71},{"text":"you,","start":3658.71,"end":3658.79},{"text":"Mr.","start":3658.79,"end":3659.11},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":3659.11,"end":3659.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ETH","affiliation_full":"Ethiopia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":67,"start":3661.87,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3662","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":3661.87,"end":3663.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3661.87,"end":3662.03},{"text":"you","start":3662.03,"end":3662.15},{"text":"very","start":3663.15,"end":3663.31},{"text":"much.","start":3663.31,"end":3663.59}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mali.","start":3663.59,"end":3666.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3663.59,"end":3663.63},{"text":"now","start":3663.63,"end":3663.79},{"text":"give","start":3663.83,"end":3663.95},{"text":"the","start":3663.95,"end":3664.03},{"text":"floor","start":3664.03,"end":3664.35},{"text":"to","start":3664.35,"end":3664.43},{"text":"the","start":3664.43,"end":3664.51},{"text":"distinguished","start":3664.51,"end":3665.23},{"text":"representative","start":3665.47,"end":3666.11},{"text":"of","start":3666.11,"end":3666.19},{"text":"Mali.","start":3666.19,"end":3666.67}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":68,"start":3669.87,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3670","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":3669.87,"end":3670.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3669.87,"end":3670.07},{"text":"you,","start":3670.07,"end":3670.15},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":3670.15,"end":3670.99}]},{"text":"Mali associates itself with the statements made on behalf of the groups it belongs to and thanks the Special Rapporteur for the presentation of the report on denialism, negationism and revisionism relating to grave human rights violations and violations of IHL in the context of transitional justice.","start":3671.99,"end":3687.99,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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report.","start":3767.07,"end":3772.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":3767.07,"end":3767.39},{"text":"Vice-President,","start":3767.39,"end":3768.51},{"text":"Malawi","start":3768.75,"end":3769.23},{"text":"thanks","start":3769.23,"end":3769.63},{"text":"the","start":3769.63,"end":3769.71},{"text":"Special","start":3769.71,"end":3770.15},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":3770.15,"end":3770.75},{"text":"for","start":3770.75,"end":3770.99},{"text":"the","start":3770.99,"end":3771.07},{"text":"insightful","start":3771.07,"end":3771.95},{"text":"report.","start":3771.95,"end":3772.59}]},{"text":"Malawi agrees that denial of gross violations of human rights and humanitarian law represents a profound and evolving threat to the integrity, effectiveness and sustainability of transitional justice.","start":3772.91,"end":3786.83,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Malawi","start":3772.91,"end":3773.47},{"text":"agrees","start":3773.47,"end":3774.11},{"text":"that","start":3774.11,"end":3774.27},{"text":"denial","start":3774.27,"end":3774.87},{"text":"of","start":3774.87,"end":3775.07},{"text":"gross","start":3775.07,"end":3775.39},{"text":"violations","start":3775.39,"end":3776.19},{"text":"of","start":3776.19,"end":3776.35},{"text":"human","start":3776.35,"end":3776.75},{"text":"rights","start":3776.75,"end":3777.23},{"text":"and","start":3777.23,"end":3777.39},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3777.39,"end":3778.35},{"text":"law","start":3778.35,"end":3778.67},{"text":"represents","start":3778.99,"end":3779.83},{"text":"a","start":3779.83,"end":3779.87},{"text":"profound","start":3779.87,"end":3780.59},{"text":"and","start":3780.59,"end":3780.79},{"text":"evolving","start":3780.79,"end":3781.31},{"text":"threat","start":3781.31,"end":3781.83},{"text":"to","start":3781.83,"end":3781.95},{"text":"the","start":3781.95,"end":3782.07},{"text":"integrity,","start":3782.07,"end":3783.03},{"text":"effectiveness","start":3783.03,"end":3783.95},{"text":"and","start":3783.95,"end":3784.11},{"text":"sustainability","start":3784.11,"end":3785.31},{"text":"of","start":3785.31,"end":3785.47},{"text":"transitional","start":3785.47,"end":3786.19},{"text":"justice.","start":3786.19,"end":3786.83}]},{"text":"Malawi continues to strengthen its institutions for accountability and reconciliation, such as the Malawi Human Rights Commission, the Office of the Ombudsman, the Legal Aid Bureau, and the Peace and Unity Commission in monitoring and documenting violations and expanding access to justice.","start":3787.55,"end":3807.31,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Malawi","start":3787.55,"end":3788.11},{"text":"continues","start":3788.11,"end":3788.75},{"text":"to","start":3788.75,"end":3788.87},{"text":"strengthen","start":3788.87,"end":3789.47},{"text":"its","start":3789.47,"end":3789.71},{"text":"institutions","start":3789.71,"end":3790.67},{"text":"for","start":3790.67,"end":3790.95},{"text":"accountability","start":3790.95,"end":3792.03},{"text":"and","start":3792.03,"end":3792.23},{"text":"reconciliation,","start":3792.23,"end":3793.39},{"text":"such","start":3793.79,"end":3794.11},{"text":"as","start":3794.11,"end":3794.35},{"text":"the","start":3794.35,"end":3794.43},{"text":"Malawi","start":3794.43,"end":3794.83},{"text":"Human","start":3794.83,"end":3795.15},{"text":"Rights","start":3795.15,"end":3795.47},{"text":"Commission,","start":3795.47,"end":3796.11},{"text":"the","start":3796.35,"end":3796.47},{"text":"Office","start":3796.51,"end":3796.91},{"text":"of","start":3796.91,"end":3797.07},{"text":"the","start":3797.07,"end":3797.23},{"text":"Ombudsman,","start":3797.23,"end":3798.03},{"text":"the","start":3798.19,"end":3798.43},{"text":"Legal","start":3798.43,"end":3798.83},{"text":"Aid","start":3798.83,"end":3798.99},{"text":"Bureau,","start":3798.99,"end":3799.55},{"text":"and","start":3799.55,"end":3799.75},{"text":"the","start":3799.75,"end":3799.83},{"text":"Peace","start":3799.83,"end":3800.19},{"text":"and","start":3800.19,"end":3800.43},{"text":"Unity","start":3800.43,"end":3800.87},{"text":"Commission","start":3800.87,"end":3801.63},{"text":"in","start":3801.87,"end":3802.11},{"text":"monitoring","start":3802.11,"end":3802.83},{"text":"and","start":3802.83,"end":3803.03},{"text":"documenting","start":3803.03,"end":3803.79},{"text":"violations","start":3803.79,"end":3804.75},{"text":"and","start":3804.99,"end":3805.19},{"text":"expanding","start":3805.19,"end":3805.95},{"text":"access","start":3805.95,"end":3806.43},{"text":"to","start":3806.43,"end":3806.55},{"text":"justice.","start":3806.59,"end":3807.31}]},{"text":"In addition, the Access to Information Act 2016 grants Malawians the right to access information held by public and certain private bodies.","start":3807.63,"end":3817.43,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3807.63,"end":3807.79},{"text":"addition,","start":3807.79,"end":3808.35},{"text":"the","start":3808.35,"end":3808.47},{"text":"Access","start":3808.47,"end":3808.99},{"text":"to","start":3808.99,"end":3809.11},{"text":"Information","start":3809.11,"end":3809.79},{"text":"Act","start":3809.79,"end":3810.19},{"text":"2016","start":3810.19,"end":3811.15},{"text":"grants","start":3811.47,"end":3811.87},{"text":"Malawians","start":3811.87,"end":3812.67},{"text":"the","start":3812.67,"end":3812.79},{"text":"right","start":3812.79,"end":3813.19},{"text":"to","start":3813.19,"end":3813.31},{"text":"access","start":3813.31,"end":3813.79},{"text":"information","start":3813.79,"end":3814.67},{"text":"held","start":3814.91,"end":3815.31},{"text":"by","start":3815.31,"end":3815.47},{"text":"public","start":3815.47,"end":3816.03},{"text":"and","start":3816.03,"end":3816.23},{"text":"certain","start":3816.23,"end":3816.67},{"text":"private","start":3816.67,"end":3817.07},{"text":"bodies.","start":3817.07,"end":3817.43}]},{"text":"to promote transparency, accountability and good governance.","start":3817.87,"end":3821.63,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"to","start":3817.87,"end":3817.95},{"text":"promote","start":3817.95,"end":3818.47},{"text":"transparency,","start":3818.47,"end":3819.39},{"text":"accountability","start":3819.39,"end":3820.51},{"text":"and","start":3820.51,"end":3820.67},{"text":"good","start":3820.67,"end":3820.91},{"text":"governance.","start":3820.91,"end":3821.63}]},{"text":"Malawi supports the recommendation for states to adopt laws and policies to uncover and promote accurate accounts of past violations.","start":3822.03,"end":3832.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"Malawi","start":3822.03,"end":3822.59},{"text":"supports","start":3822.59,"end":3823.15},{"text":"the","start":3823.15,"end":3823.63},{"text":"recommendation","start":3824.11,"end":3825.15},{"text":"for","start":3825.15,"end":3825.31},{"text":"states","start":3825.31,"end":3825.87},{"text":"to","start":3825.87,"end":3826.11},{"text":"adopt","start":3826.11,"end":3826.59},{"text":"laws","start":3826.59,"end":3827.07},{"text":"and","start":3827.07,"end":3827.27},{"text":"policies","start":3827.27,"end":3828.03},{"text":"to","start":3828.27,"end":3828.43},{"text":"uncover","start":3828.43,"end":3829.11},{"text":"and","start":3829.11,"end":3829.31},{"text":"promote","start":3829.31,"end":3829.79},{"text":"accurate","start":3829.79,"end":3830.27},{"text":"accounts","start":3830.27,"end":3830.83},{"text":"of","start":3830.83,"end":3830.99},{"text":"past","start":3830.99,"end":3831.31},{"text":"violations.","start":3831.31,"end":3832.27}]},{"text":"Mr. Special Rapporteur, given the report's finding that artificial intelligence and social media are accelerating new forms of denialism, what practical support can the mandate offer states with limited technical capacity to implement recommendations on regulating denialist content online?","start":3832.79,"end":3853.91,"topics":[{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":3832.79,"end":3833.03},{"text":"Special","start":3833.03,"end":3833.43},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":3833.43,"end":3834.15},{"text":"given","start":3834.47,"end":3834.87},{"text":"the","start":3834.87,"end":3834.99},{"text":"report's","start":3834.99,"end":3835.55},{"text":"finding","start":3835.55,"end":3836.07},{"text":"that","start":3836.07,"end":3836.31},{"text":"artificial","start":3836.31,"end":3836.87},{"text":"intelligence","start":3836.87,"end":3837.67},{"text":"and","start":3837.67,"end":3837.83},{"text":"social","start":3837.83,"end":3838.23},{"text":"media","start":3838.23,"end":3838.79},{"text":"are","start":3839.19,"end":3839.35},{"text":"accelerating","start":3839.35,"end":3840.23},{"text":"new","start":3840.23,"end":3840.47},{"text":"forms","start":3840.47,"end":3840.87},{"text":"of","start":3840.87,"end":3841.03},{"text":"denialism,","start":3841.03,"end":3842.07},{"text":"what","start":3842.27,"end":3842.71},{"text":"practical","start":3842.71,"end":3843.27},{"text":"support","start":3843.27,"end":3844.31},{"text":"can","start":3844.39,"end":3844.63},{"text":"the","start":3844.63,"end":3844.75},{"text":"mandate","start":3844.79,"end":3845.35},{"text":"offer","start":3845.35,"end":3845.75},{"text":"states","start":3845.75,"end":3846.31},{"text":"with","start":3846.55,"end":3846.87},{"text":"limited","start":3846.87,"end":3847.43},{"text":"technical","start":3847.43,"end":3847.99},{"text":"capacity","start":3847.99,"end":3848.79},{"text":"to","start":3849.03,"end":3849.23},{"text":"implement","start":3849.23,"end":3849.91},{"text":"recommendations","start":3849.91,"end":3850.95},{"text":"on","start":3850.95,"end":3851.19},{"text":"regulating","start":3851.19,"end":3851.91},{"text":"denialist","start":3851.91,"end":3852.71},{"text":"content","start":3852.71,"end":3853.27},{"text":"online?","start":3853.27,"end":3853.91}]},{"text":"I thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":3854.23,"end":3856.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3854.23,"end":3854.39},{"text":"thank","start":3854.39,"end":3854.71},{"text":"you,","start":3854.71,"end":3854.79},{"text":"Mr.","start":3854.79,"end":3855.19},{"text":"Vice","start":3855.19,"end":3855.43},{"text":"President.","start":3855.43,"end":3856.23}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MWI","affiliation_full":"Malawi","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":71,"start":3857.31,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3858","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":3857.31,"end":3858.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":3857.31,"end":3857.59},{"text":"gracias.","start":3857.59,"end":3858.11}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":3859.71,"end":3860.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3859.71,"end":3859.83},{"text":"you","start":3859.83,"end":3859.91},{"text":"very","start":3859.91,"end":3860.07},{"text":"much.","start":3860.07,"end":3860.39}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Switzerland.","start":3860.39,"end":3863.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3860.39,"end":3860.43},{"text":"now","start":3860.43,"end":3860.71},{"text":"give","start":3860.71,"end":3860.87},{"text":"the","start":3860.87,"end":3860.99},{"text":"floor","start":3860.99,"end":3861.27},{"text":"to","start":3861.27,"end":3861.35},{"text":"the","start":3861.35,"end":3861.47},{"text":"distinguished","start":3861.47,"end":3861.91},{"text":"representative","start":3861.91,"end":3862.55},{"text":"of","start":3862.55,"end":3862.63},{"text":"Switzerland.","start":3862.63,"end":3863.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":72,"start":3867.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=3868","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Vice-President, often denialism is practised to impede future efforts to guarantee the application of the principle of accountability and to establish the truth.","start":3867.19,"end":3876.99,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Vice-President,","start":3867.19,"end":3867.91},{"text":"often","start":3867.91,"end":3868.39},{"text":"denialism","start":3868.39,"end":3869.19},{"text":"is","start":3869.51,"end":3869.63},{"text":"practised","start":3869.67,"end":3870.35},{"text":"to","start":3870.35,"end":3870.43},{"text":"impede","start":3870.47,"end":3871.11},{"text":"future","start":3871.11,"end":3871.51},{"text":"efforts","start":3871.51,"end":3872.07},{"text":"to","start":3872.07,"end":3872.23},{"text":"guarantee","start":3872.23,"end":3872.75},{"text":"the","start":3872.75,"end":3872.83},{"text":"application","start":3872.83,"end":3873.39},{"text":"of","start":3873.39,"end":3873.47},{"text":"the","start":3873.47,"end":3873.55},{"text":"principle","start":3873.55,"end":3874.15},{"text":"of","start":3874.63,"end":3874.95},{"text":"accountability","start":3875.03,"end":3875.91},{"text":"and","start":3876.07,"end":3876.19},{"text":"to","start":3876.19,"end":3876.27},{"text":"establish","start":3876.27,"end":3876.59},{"text":"the","start":3876.59,"end":3876.67},{"text":"truth.","start":3876.67,"end":3876.99}]},{"text":"The Special Rapporteur warns against the glorification of war criminals, the negation of criminal atrocities, relativisation or the questioning of judgements handed down by the It is of particular concern to see the reactions and recent tributes in Serbia and the region following the passing of Radko Mladic, which show that the challenge of how to deal with the past remains fully relevant today.","start":3877.39,"end":3905.79,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"Cambodia","start":4027.75,"end":4028.23},{"text":"continue","start":4028.23,"end":4028.79},{"text":"to","start":4028.79,"end":4028.87},{"text":"invest","start":4028.87,"end":4029.35},{"text":"heavily","start":4029.35,"end":4029.83},{"text":"in","start":4029.83,"end":4029.99},{"text":"peace","start":4029.99,"end":4030.31},{"text":"education,","start":4030.31,"end":4031.03},{"text":"archive,","start":4031.43,"end":4032.15},{"text":"and","start":4032.63,"end":4032.79},{"text":"memorialization","start":4032.79,"end":4033.83},{"text":"initiative,","start":4033.83,"end":4034.55},{"text":"ensuring","start":4034.87,"end":4035.43},{"text":"that","start":4035.43,"end":4035.67},{"text":"younger","start":4035.83,"end":4036.23},{"text":"generation","start":4036.23,"end":4036.87},{"text":"learn","start":4036.87,"end":4037.19},{"text":"from","start":4037.19,"end":4037.43},{"text":"past","start":4037.43,"end":4037.79},{"text":"tragedy.","start":4037.79,"end":4038.39}]},{"text":"we reiterate our unwavering commitment to non-reoccurring transitional justice and sustaining long-term peace and national harmony.","start":4039.27,"end":4047.43,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"we","start":4039.27,"end":4039.51},{"text":"reiterate","start":4039.51,"end":4040.39},{"text":"our","start":4040.39,"end":4040.67},{"text":"unwavering","start":4040.67,"end":4041.19},{"text":"commitment","start":4041.19,"end":4041.87},{"text":"to","start":4041.87,"end":4041.99},{"text":"non-reoccurring","start":4041.99,"end":4042.75},{"text":"transitional","start":4043.11,"end":4043.67},{"text":"justice","start":4043.67,"end":4044.23},{"text":"and","start":4044.63,"end":4044.79},{"text":"sustaining","start":4044.79,"end":4045.35},{"text":"long-term","start":4045.35,"end":4045.91},{"text":"peace","start":4045.91,"end":4046.27},{"text":"and","start":4046.27,"end":4046.39},{"text":"national","start":4046.39,"end":4046.79},{"text":"harmony.","start":4046.79,"end":4047.43}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":4047.59,"end":4047.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4047.59,"end":4047.87},{"text":"you.","start":4047.87,"end":4047.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"KHM","affiliation_full":"Cambodia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":75,"start":4050.11,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4051","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":4050.11,"end":4053.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4050.11,"end":4050.63},{"text":"you","start":4050.63,"end":4050.79},{"text":"very","start":4051.55,"end":4052.55},{"text":"much.","start":4053.35,"end":4053.75}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":4053.75,"end":4057.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4053.75,"end":4053.79},{"text":"now","start":4053.79,"end":4053.87},{"text":"give","start":4053.87,"end":4053.99},{"text":"the","start":4053.99,"end":4054.07},{"text":"floor","start":4054.07,"end":4054.31},{"text":"to","start":4054.31,"end":4054.39},{"text":"the","start":4054.39,"end":4054.47},{"text":"distinguished","start":4054.47,"end":4055.19},{"text":"representative","start":4055.35,"end":4055.99},{"text":"of","start":4055.99,"end":4056.07},{"text":"the","start":4056.07,"end":4056.15},{"text":"Democratic","start":4056.15,"end":4056.79},{"text":"Republic","start":4056.79,"end":4057.19},{"text":"of","start":4057.19,"end":4057.27},{"text":"the","start":4057.27,"end":4057.35},{"text":"Congo.","start":4057.35,"end":4057.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":76,"start":4059.67,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4060","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President. The DRC thanks the Special Rapporteur for his report.","start":4059.67,"end":4064.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4059.67,"end":4059.91},{"text":"you,","start":4059.91,"end":4059.99},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":4059.99,"end":4060.95},{"text":"The","start":4061.43,"end":4061.55},{"text":"DRC","start":4061.55,"end":4062.31},{"text":"thanks","start":4062.47,"end":4062.67},{"text":"the","start":4062.67,"end":4062.79},{"text":"Special","start":4062.79,"end":4063.11},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":4063.11,"end":4063.43},{"text":"for","start":4063.43,"end":4063.55},{"text":"his","start":4063.55,"end":4063.67},{"text":"report.","start":4063.67,"end":4064.07}]},{"text":"We share his statement of negation or manipulation of grave violations of human rights erode the dignity of victims, compromise the access to reparations, and perpetuate impunity.","start":4064.07,"end":4075.31,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4064.07,"end":4064.15},{"text":"share","start":4064.15,"end":4064.43},{"text":"his","start":4064.47,"end":4064.67},{"text":"statement","start":4066.11,"end":4066.47},{"text":"of","start":4066.47,"end":4066.55},{"text":"negation","start":4066.55,"end":4067.07},{"text":"or","start":4067.07,"end":4067.15},{"text":"manipulation","start":4067.15,"end":4067.83},{"text":"of","start":4067.83,"end":4067.91},{"text":"grave","start":4067.91,"end":4068.07},{"text":"violations","start":4068.07,"end":4068.47},{"text":"of","start":4068.47,"end":4068.55},{"text":"human","start":4068.55,"end":4068.83},{"text":"rights","start":4068.83,"end":4069.39},{"text":"erode","start":4070.11,"end":4070.47},{"text":"the","start":4070.47,"end":4070.55},{"text":"dignity","start":4070.55,"end":4070.87},{"text":"of","start":4070.87,"end":4070.95},{"text":"victims,","start":4070.95,"end":4071.55},{"text":"compromise","start":4071.55,"end":4072.03},{"text":"the","start":4072.03,"end":4072.11},{"text":"access","start":4072.11,"end":4072.51},{"text":"to","start":4072.51,"end":4072.63},{"text":"reparations,","start":4072.63,"end":4073.39},{"text":"and","start":4073.47,"end":4073.83},{"text":"perpetuate","start":4073.83,"end":4074.43},{"text":"impunity.","start":4074.43,"end":4075.31}]},{"text":"This is of particular importance in the DRC, a country marked by decades of conflict.","start":4075.63,"end":4080.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4075.63,"end":4076.11},{"text":"is","start":4076.19,"end":4076.39},{"text":"of","start":4076.39,"end":4076.51},{"text":"particular","start":4076.51,"end":4077.11},{"text":"importance","start":4077.11,"end":4077.55},{"text":"in","start":4077.55,"end":4077.63},{"text":"the","start":4077.63,"end":4077.71},{"text":"DRC,","start":4077.71,"end":4078.31},{"text":"a","start":4078.31,"end":4078.35},{"text":"country","start":4078.35,"end":4078.67},{"text":"marked","start":4078.67,"end":4078.99},{"text":"by","start":4078.99,"end":4079.23},{"text":"decades","start":4079.23,"end":4079.63},{"text":"of","start":4079.63,"end":4079.71},{"text":"conflict.","start":4079.71,"end":4080.27}]},{"text":"To establish and preserve the truth is for us an inalienable right, an essential guarantee of non-recurrence.","start":4080.51,"end":4087.23,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":4080.51,"end":4080.63},{"text":"establish","start":4080.63,"end":4081.07},{"text":"and","start":4081.07,"end":4081.39},{"text":"preserve","start":4081.39,"end":4081.83},{"text":"the","start":4081.83,"end":4081.95},{"text":"truth","start":4081.95,"end":4082.43},{"text":"is","start":4082.67,"end":4082.91},{"text":"for","start":4082.91,"end":4083.07},{"text":"us","start":4083.07,"end":4083.39},{"text":"an","start":4083.47,"end":4083.79},{"text":"inalienable","start":4083.79,"end":4084.51},{"text":"right,","start":4084.59,"end":4085.07},{"text":"an","start":4085.23,"end":4085.35},{"text":"essential","start":4085.35,"end":4085.67},{"text":"guarantee","start":4085.67,"end":4086.27},{"text":"of","start":4086.27,"end":4086.43},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":4086.43,"end":4087.23}]},{"text":"This is why the DRC has committed itself to a traditional justice policy which is victim-centered, illustrated by the adoption of the law of 26 December 2022, and the creation of the Fonerov Fund.","start":4087.47,"end":4097.95,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. 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Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":4124.75,"end":4125.23},{"text":"recognised,","start":4125.23,"end":4125.75},{"text":"acknowledged","start":4125.75,"end":4126.19},{"text":"truth,","start":4126.19,"end":4126.63},{"text":"there","start":4126.63,"end":4126.75},{"text":"is","start":4126.75,"end":4126.83},{"text":"no","start":4126.83,"end":4126.99},{"text":"effective","start":4126.99,"end":4127.31},{"text":"justice","start":4127.31,"end":4127.71},{"text":"or","start":4127.71,"end":4127.87},{"text":"sustainable","start":4127.87,"end":4128.27},{"text":"peace.","start":4128.27,"end":4128.51}]},{"text":"Special Rapporteur, what recommendations would you formulate to preserve the truth established and to prevent denialism becoming a factor for the recurrence of conflicts?","start":4128.59,"end":4138.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Special","start":4128.59,"end":4128.83},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":4128.83,"end":4129.31},{"text":"what","start":4130.67,"end":4131.07},{"text":"recommendations","start":4131.07,"end":4131.71},{"text":"would","start":4131.71,"end":4131.87},{"text":"you","start":4131.87,"end":4131.95},{"text":"formulate","start":4131.95,"end":4132.47},{"text":"to","start":4132.47,"end":4132.55},{"text":"preserve","start":4132.55,"end":4132.91},{"text":"the","start":4132.91,"end":4133.03},{"text":"truth","start":4133.07,"end":4133.59},{"text":"established","start":4133.63,"end":4134.27},{"text":"and","start":4134.27,"end":4134.39},{"text":"to","start":4134.39,"end":4134.47},{"text":"prevent","start":4134.47,"end":4134.79},{"text":"denialism","start":4134.79,"end":4135.63},{"text":"becoming","start":4135.71,"end":4136.19},{"text":"a","start":4136.27,"end":4136.31},{"text":"factor","start":4136.31,"end":4136.67},{"text":"for","start":4136.67,"end":4136.83},{"text":"the","start":4136.83,"end":4136.95},{"text":"recurrence","start":4136.95,"end":4137.47},{"text":"of","start":4137.47,"end":4137.71},{"text":"conflicts?","start":4137.71,"end":4138.27}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":4138.27,"end":4138.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4138.27,"end":4138.51},{"text":"you.","start":4138.51,"end":4138.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":77,"start":4138.59,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4139","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank.","start":4138.59,"end":4138.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank.","start":4138.59,"end":4138.75}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"You very much, and I'll give the floor.","start":4139.63,"end":4141.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":4139.63,"end":4139.71},{"text":"very","start":4139.71,"end":4139.87},{"text":"much,","start":4139.87,"end":4139.99},{"text":"and","start":4139.99,"end":4140.11},{"text":"I'll","start":4140.11,"end":4140.31},{"text":"give","start":4140.31,"end":4140.47},{"text":"the","start":4141.31,"end":4141.43},{"text":"floor.","start":4141.55,"end":4141.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"To the distinguished representative of Brazil.","start":4142.83,"end":4145.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":4142.83,"end":4143.03},{"text":"the","start":4143.31,"end":4143.47},{"text":"distinguished","start":4143.55,"end":4144.19},{"text":"representative","start":4144.19,"end":4144.83},{"text":"of","start":4144.83,"end":4144.91},{"text":"Brazil.","start":4144.91,"end":4145.39}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":78,"start":4146.63,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4147","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. President, Brazil thanks the Special Rapporteur for his report.","start":4146.63,"end":4149.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":4146.63,"end":4146.87},{"text":"President,","start":4146.87,"end":4147.27},{"text":"Brazil","start":4147.27,"end":4147.63},{"text":"thanks","start":4147.63,"end":4147.99},{"text":"the","start":4147.99,"end":4148.11},{"text":"Special","start":4148.11,"end":4148.43},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":4148.43,"end":4148.91},{"text":"for","start":4148.91,"end":4149.07},{"text":"his","start":4149.07,"end":4149.23},{"text":"report.","start":4149.23,"end":4149.71}]},{"text":"We share the view that negationism poses several challenges for democratic institutions.","start":4150.03,"end":4154.59,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4150.03,"end":4150.23},{"text":"share","start":4150.23,"end":4150.51},{"text":"the","start":4150.51,"end":4150.59},{"text":"view","start":4150.59,"end":4150.83},{"text":"that","start":4150.83,"end":4150.99},{"text":"negationism","start":4150.99,"end":4151.71},{"text":"poses","start":4151.71,"end":4152.07},{"text":"several","start":4152.07,"end":4152.43},{"text":"challenges","start":4152.51,"end":4153.07},{"text":"for","start":4153.07,"end":4153.23},{"text":"democratic","start":4153.23,"end":4153.79},{"text":"institutions.","start":4153.79,"end":4154.59}]},{"text":"So countering denialist narratives demands a permanent state commitment.","start":4155.31,"end":4158.35,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4155.31,"end":4155.43},{"text":"countering","start":4155.43,"end":4155.83},{"text":"denialist","start":4155.83,"end":4156.31},{"text":"narratives","start":4156.31,"end":4156.71},{"text":"demands","start":4156.71,"end":4156.99},{"text":"a","start":4156.99,"end":4157.07},{"text":"permanent","start":4157.07,"end":4157.47},{"text":"state","start":4157.47,"end":4157.71},{"text":"commitment.","start":4157.71,"end":4158.35}]},{"text":"Following the Special Rapporteur's visit, Brazil has continued its efforts to strengthen its policies on memory, truth, and reparation.","start":4158.99,"end":4164.75,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"Poland","start":4353.55,"end":4353.95},{"text":"reaffirms","start":4353.95,"end":4354.59},{"text":"its","start":4354.67,"end":4354.91},{"text":"full","start":4354.91,"end":4355.07},{"text":"commitment","start":4355.07,"end":4355.59},{"text":"to","start":4355.63,"end":4355.75},{"text":"freedom","start":4355.79,"end":4356.15},{"text":"of","start":4356.15,"end":4356.23},{"text":"expression,","start":4356.23,"end":4356.83},{"text":"to","start":4356.83,"end":4356.95},{"text":"academic","start":4356.95,"end":4357.47},{"text":"research,","start":4357.47,"end":4357.91},{"text":"and","start":4357.95,"end":4358.15},{"text":"to","start":4358.15,"end":4358.35},{"text":"artistic","start":4358.35,"end":4358.83},{"text":"freedom,","start":4358.83,"end":4359.39},{"text":"including","start":4359.39,"end":4359.95},{"text":"with","start":4360.03,"end":4360.23},{"text":"regard","start":4360.23,"end":4360.63},{"text":"to","start":4360.63,"end":4360.75},{"text":"the","start":4360.75,"end":4360.83},{"text":"Holocaust","start":4360.83,"end":4361.47},{"text":"and","start":4361.79,"end":4362.03},{"text":"to","start":4362.03,"end":4362.15},{"text":"the","start":4362.19,"end":4362.31},{"text":"entire","start":4362.31,"end":4362.83},{"text":"period","start":4362.83,"end":4363.27},{"text":"of","start":4363.31,"end":4363.47},{"text":"the","start":4363.47,"end":4363.55},{"text":"Nazi","start":4363.55,"end":4363.83},{"text":"German","start":4363.83,"end":4364.19},{"text":"occupation","start":4364.19,"end":4364.75},{"text":"of","start":4364.79,"end":4364.91},{"text":"Poland","start":4364.91,"end":4365.35},{"text":"in","start":4365.35,"end":4365.51},{"text":"the","start":4365.51,"end":4365.63},{"text":"World","start":4365.63,"end":4365.95},{"text":"War","start":4365.95,"end":4366.19},{"text":"II.","start":4366.19,"end":4366.59}]},{"text":"Polish institutions continue to document, preserve, and make publicly accessible the archives concerning crimes committed against the Jewish population, including Polish citizens, and to commemorate the victims.","start":4367.27,"end":4381.03,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"HRRC","start":4585.51,"end":4586.15},{"text":"also","start":4586.15,"end":4586.43},{"text":"welcomes","start":4586.43,"end":4587.07},{"text":"the","start":4587.23,"end":4587.31},{"text":"recent","start":4587.31,"end":4587.67},{"text":"release","start":4587.67,"end":4587.99},{"text":"of","start":4587.99,"end":4588.11},{"text":"more","start":4588.11,"end":4588.43},{"text":"than","start":4588.43,"end":4588.75},{"text":"600","start":4589.23,"end":4589.95},{"text":"individuals","start":4589.95,"end":4590.59},{"text":"following","start":4590.59,"end":4590.91},{"text":"the","start":4590.99,"end":4591.07},{"text":"Commission's","start":4591.07,"end":4591.59},{"text":"request","start":4591.63,"end":4592.03},{"text":"for","start":4592.03,"end":4592.23},{"text":"a","start":4592.23,"end":4592.27},{"text":"special","start":4592.27,"end":4592.63},{"text":"review","start":4592.63,"end":4592.95},{"text":"of","start":4592.95,"end":4593.07},{"text":"their","start":4593.07,"end":4593.31},{"text":"cases.","start":4593.31,"end":4593.79}]},{"text":"This includes individuals convicted of attempted to forcibly subvert the constitutional order.","start":4594.11,"end":4601.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4594.11,"end":4594.35},{"text":"includes","start":4594.35,"end":4594.75},{"text":"individuals","start":4594.75,"end":4595.43},{"text":"convicted","start":4596.51,"end":4597.07},{"text":"of","start":4597.07,"end":4597.31},{"text":"attempted","start":4597.31,"end":4597.79},{"text":"to","start":4598.11,"end":4598.35},{"text":"forcibly","start":4598.35,"end":4598.91},{"text":"subvert","start":4598.91,"end":4599.35},{"text":"the","start":4599.35,"end":4599.43},{"text":"constitutional","start":4599.47,"end":4600.27},{"text":"order.","start":4601.35,"end":4601.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ETH","affiliation_full":"Ethiopia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":87,"start":4602.27,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4603","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":4602.27,"end":4602.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4602.27,"end":4602.51},{"text":"you.","start":4602.51,"end":4602.75}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission.","start":4602.83,"end":4608.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4602.83,"end":4602.87},{"text":"give","start":4602.87,"end":4603.15},{"text":"the","start":4603.15,"end":4603.31},{"text":"floor","start":4603.31,"end":4604.11},{"text":"to","start":4606.71,"end":4606.87},{"text":"the","start":4606.87,"end":4607.07},{"text":"Northern","start":4607.11,"end":4607.47},{"text":"Ireland","start":4607.47,"end":4607.83},{"text":"Human","start":4607.83,"end":4608.15},{"text":"Rights","start":4608.15,"end":4608.39},{"text":"Commission.","start":4608.39,"end":4608.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":88,"start":4609.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4610","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. President, Special Rapporteur, I welcome the opportunity to give this statement as Chief Commissioner of the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission.","start":4609.19,"end":4615.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":4609.19,"end":4609.47},{"text":"President,","start":4609.47,"end":4609.91},{"text":"Special","start":4609.99,"end":4610.35},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":4610.35,"end":4610.95},{"text":"I","start":4610.95,"end":4611.03},{"text":"welcome","start":4611.03,"end":4611.43},{"text":"the","start":4611.43,"end":4611.55},{"text":"opportunity","start":4611.55,"end":4612.15},{"text":"to","start":4612.15,"end":4612.27},{"text":"give","start":4612.27,"end":4612.43},{"text":"this","start":4612.43,"end":4612.59},{"text":"statement","start":4612.59,"end":4613.11},{"text":"as","start":4613.35,"end":4613.47},{"text":"Chief","start":4613.51,"end":4613.71},{"text":"Commissioner","start":4613.71,"end":4614.19},{"text":"of","start":4614.19,"end":4614.27},{"text":"the","start":4614.27,"end":4614.35},{"text":"Northern","start":4614.35,"end":4614.63},{"text":"Ireland","start":4614.63,"end":4614.91},{"text":"Human","start":4614.91,"end":4615.19},{"text":"Rights","start":4615.19,"end":4615.43},{"text":"Commission.","start":4615.43,"end":4615.83}]},{"text":"The Special Rapporteur's report and recommendations provide an important reminder of the danger of denialism and revisionism.","start":4616.31,"end":4622.55,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4616.31,"end":4616.39},{"text":"Special","start":4616.39,"end":4616.75},{"text":"Rapporteur's","start":4616.75,"end":4617.27},{"text":"report","start":4617.27,"end":4617.63},{"text":"and","start":4617.63,"end":4617.75},{"text":"recommendations","start":4617.75,"end":4618.55},{"text":"provide","start":4618.55,"end":4618.91},{"text":"an","start":4618.91,"end":4618.99},{"text":"important","start":4618.99,"end":4619.51},{"text":"reminder","start":4619.51,"end":4619.99},{"text":"of","start":4619.99,"end":4620.07},{"text":"the","start":4620.23,"end":4620.35},{"text":"danger","start":4620.35,"end":4620.95},{"text":"of","start":4620.95,"end":4621.03},{"text":"denialism","start":4621.03,"end":4621.75},{"text":"and","start":4621.79,"end":4621.91},{"text":"revisionism.","start":4621.91,"end":4622.55}]},{"text":"reminding us how crucial it is to have effective human rights compliant measures to deal with human rights abuses.","start":4623.03,"end":4628.43,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"reminding","start":4623.03,"end":4623.39},{"text":"us","start":4623.39,"end":4623.55},{"text":"how","start":4623.55,"end":4623.63},{"text":"crucial","start":4623.63,"end":4624.11},{"text":"it","start":4624.11,"end":4624.19},{"text":"is","start":4624.19,"end":4624.35},{"text":"to","start":4624.35,"end":4624.43},{"text":"have","start":4624.43,"end":4624.63},{"text":"effective","start":4624.63,"end":4625.15},{"text":"human","start":4625.15,"end":4625.43},{"text":"rights","start":4625.43,"end":4625.63},{"text":"compliant","start":4625.63,"end":4626.11},{"text":"measures","start":4626.11,"end":4626.59},{"text":"to","start":4626.91,"end":4627.11},{"text":"deal","start":4627.11,"end":4627.23},{"text":"with","start":4627.23,"end":4627.35},{"text":"human","start":4627.35,"end":4627.59},{"text":"rights","start":4627.59,"end":4627.83},{"text":"abuses.","start":4627.83,"end":4628.43}]},{"text":"In Northern Ireland, efforts to deal with the legacy of the conflict known as the Troubles are ongoing.","start":4628.59,"end":4633.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4628.59,"end":4628.71},{"text":"Northern","start":4628.71,"end":4629.03},{"text":"Ireland,","start":4629.03,"end":4629.39},{"text":"efforts","start":4629.63,"end":4629.95},{"text":"to","start":4629.95,"end":4630.07},{"text":"deal","start":4630.07,"end":4630.27},{"text":"with","start":4630.27,"end":4630.43},{"text":"the","start":4630.43,"end":4630.51},{"text":"legacy","start":4630.51,"end":4630.91},{"text":"of","start":4630.91,"end":4630.99},{"text":"the","start":4630.99,"end":4631.07},{"text":"conflict","start":4631.07,"end":4631.71},{"text":"known","start":4631.87,"end":4632.03},{"text":"as","start":4632.07,"end":4632.15},{"text":"the","start":4632.15,"end":4632.23},{"text":"Troubles","start":4632.23,"end":4632.67},{"text":"are","start":4632.67,"end":4632.75},{"text":"ongoing.","start":4632.75,"end":4633.23}]},{"text":"Since its inception, this Commission has advised and made submissions on proposals to deal with outstanding investigations referred to as legacy cases.","start":4633.47,"end":4641.15,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":4633.47,"end":4633.75},{"text":"its","start":4633.75,"end":4633.91},{"text":"inception,","start":4633.91,"end":4634.59},{"text":"this","start":4634.59,"end":4634.75},{"text":"Commission","start":4634.75,"end":4635.23},{"text":"has","start":4635.23,"end":4635.35},{"text":"advised","start":4635.35,"end":4635.91},{"text":"and","start":4635.91,"end":4636.03},{"text":"made","start":4636.03,"end":4636.23},{"text":"submissions","start":4636.23,"end":4636.83},{"text":"on","start":4637.07,"end":4637.23},{"text":"proposals","start":4637.23,"end":4637.79},{"text":"to","start":4637.79,"end":4637.87},{"text":"deal","start":4637.87,"end":4638.11},{"text":"with","start":4638.11,"end":4638.27},{"text":"outstanding","start":4638.27,"end":4638.75},{"text":"investigations","start":4638.75,"end":4639.63},{"text":"referred","start":4639.79,"end":4640.07},{"text":"to","start":4640.07,"end":4640.15},{"text":"as","start":4640.15,"end":4640.27},{"text":"legacy","start":4640.27,"end":4640.67},{"text":"cases.","start":4640.67,"end":4641.15}]},{"text":"The Commission has always focused on the legal requirements for human rights compatibility.","start":4641.67,"end":4645.47,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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thank the Special Rapporteur for his important work and for this opportunity to engage in this interactive 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Commissioner"}},{"statement_number":89,"start":4698.99,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4699","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":4698.99,"end":4700.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4698.99,"end":4699.23},{"text":"you","start":4699.23,"end":4699.39},{"text":"very","start":4699.39,"end":4699.63},{"text":"much.","start":4699.67,"end":4700.03}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the National Human Rights Council of Morocco.","start":4701.15,"end":4705.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4701.15,"end":4701.31},{"text":"give","start":4701.31,"end":4701.51},{"text":"the","start":4701.51,"end":4701.63},{"text":"floor","start":4701.63,"end":4702.43},{"text":"to","start":4702.75,"end":4702.99},{"text":"the","start":4702.99,"end":4703.15},{"text":"National","start":4703.23,"end":4703.79},{"text":"Human","start":4703.79,"end":4704.07},{"text":"Rights","start":4704.07,"end":4704.51},{"text":"Council","start":4704.51,"end":4705.03},{"text":"of","start":4705.03,"end":4705.15},{"text":"Morocco.","start":4705.15,"end":4705.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":90,"start":4705.71,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=4706","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Vice-President, the National Human.","start":4705.71,"end":4709.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Vice-President,","start":4705.71,"end":4706.43},{"text":"the","start":4706.47,"end":4706.55},{"text":"National","start":4707.11,"end":4708.83},{"text":"Human.","start":4708.83,"end":4709.23}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Rights Institution welcomes the report of the Special Rapporteur.","start":4711.47,"end":4716.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Rights","start":4711.47,"end":4712.27},{"text":"Institution","start":4713.79,"end":4714.91},{"text":"welcomes","start":4714.91,"end":4715.23},{"text":"the","start":4715.23,"end":4715.31},{"text":"report","start":4715.31,"end":4715.67},{"text":"of","start":4715.67,"end":4715.75},{"text":"the","start":4715.75,"end":4715.83},{"text":"Special","start":4715.83,"end":4716.07},{"text":"Rapporteur.","start":4716.07,"end":4716.43}]},{"text":"I'd like to take advantage of this opportunity to present Morocco's experience with the establishment of truth, remedies and reputation and non-recurrence.","start":4716.43,"end":4725.79,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4726.55,"end":4726.59},{"text":"Morocco,","start":4726.59,"end":4727.11},{"text":"transitional","start":4727.27,"end":4727.91},{"text":"justice","start":4727.91,"end":4728.87},{"text":"acknowledges","start":4730.23,"end":4731.11},{"text":"past","start":4731.11,"end":4731.39},{"text":"violations","start":4731.39,"end":4732.23},{"text":"through","start":4734.47,"end":4734.71},{"text":"implementing","start":4734.71,"end":4735.43},{"text":"the","start":4735.43,"end":4735.63},{"text":"principles","start":4737.11,"end":4737.55},{"text":"of","start":4737.55,"end":4737.63},{"text":"equity","start":4737.63,"end":4737.91},{"text":"and","start":4737.91,"end":4738.03},{"text":"reconciliation.","start":4738.03,"end":4738.71}]},{"text":"Our human rights institution deals with issues relating to the period from 1956 to 1999, in particular arbitrary detention, and we organised hearings headed by national chiefs.","start":4738.87,"end":4752.87,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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political prisoners are reportedly detained more than 17 years after the civil war ended, despite government promises to release them.","start":5278.19,"end":5285.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ten","start":5278.19,"end":5278.43},{"text":"political","start":5278.43,"end":5278.99},{"text":"prisoners","start":5279.19,"end":5279.63},{"text":"are","start":5279.63,"end":5279.83},{"text":"reportedly","start":5279.83,"end":5280.35},{"text":"detained","start":5280.35,"end":5281.23},{"text":"more","start":5281.47,"end":5281.67},{"text":"than","start":5281.67,"end":5281.87},{"text":"17","start":5281.87,"end":5282.43},{"text":"years","start":5282.43,"end":5282.67},{"text":"after","start":5282.67,"end":5283.07},{"text":"the","start":5283.07,"end":5283.15},{"text":"civil","start":5283.15,"end":5283.43},{"text":"war","start":5283.43,"end":5283.67},{"text":"ended,","start":5283.67,"end":5283.99},{"text":"despite","start":5283.99,"end":5284.43},{"text":"government","start":5284.43,"end":5284.79},{"text":"promises","start":5284.79,"end":5285.15},{"text":"to","start":5285.15,"end":5285.27},{"text":"release","start":5285.27,"end":5285.63},{"text":"them.","start":5285.63,"end":5285.87}]},{"text":"Disabled people don't have special facilities, and LGBTIQ prisoners are exposed to sexual violence.","start":5286.11,"end":5291.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Disabled","start":5286.11,"end":5286.63},{"text":"people","start":5286.63,"end":5286.83},{"text":"don't","start":5286.83,"end":5287.11},{"text":"have","start":5287.11,"end":5287.23},{"text":"special","start":5287.23,"end":5287.63},{"text":"facilities,","start":5287.63,"end":5288.27},{"text":"and","start":5288.27,"end":5288.43},{"text":"LGBTIQ","start":5288.43,"end":5289.31},{"text":"prisoners","start":5289.31,"end":5289.79},{"text":"are","start":5289.79,"end":5289.99},{"text":"exposed","start":5289.99,"end":5290.47},{"text":"to","start":5290.47,"end":5290.67},{"text":"sexual","start":5290.75,"end":5291.23},{"text":"violence.","start":5291.23,"end":5291.63}]},{"text":"We call on Member States and UN officials to engage the Sri Lankan government, ensure accountability for past and recent crimes, and take measures prevent recurring 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They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. 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The International Yazidis Foundation for the Prevention of Genocide recommends that the Special Rapporteur place the lessons of Iraq at the center of efforts to prevent the recurrence of atrocity crimes in Syria.","start":5410.19,"end":5422.07,"topics":[{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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concluding remarks.","start":5889.75,"end":5895.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5889.75,"end":5889.87},{"text":"give","start":5889.87,"end":5890.03},{"text":"the","start":5890.03,"end":5890.15},{"text":"floor","start":5890.15,"end":5890.63},{"text":"now","start":5890.63,"end":5890.75},{"text":"to","start":5891.03,"end":5891.27},{"text":"Mr.","start":5891.59,"end":5892.07},{"text":"Duhaime","start":5892.07,"end":5892.71},{"text":"for","start":5893.19,"end":5893.43},{"text":"his","start":5893.43,"end":5893.67},{"text":"concluding","start":5893.67,"end":5894.31},{"text":"remarks.","start":5894.31,"end":5895.43}]},{"text":"You have five minutes and 35 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think this quasi-unanimous recognition demonstrates the relevance and timeliness of this report and the great interests that it has 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also would like to thank the delegations that have intervened with a vast and diverse set of good practices and 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respect to domestic and international measures undertaken to address denialism, revisionism, and transitional justice.","start":5968.03,"end":5977.59,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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would like to answer perhaps more specifically certain of the questions that have been raised during the dialogue.","start":6146.71,"end":6152.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6146.71,"end":6146.72},{"text":"would","start":6146.71,"end":6146.91},{"text":"like","start":6146.91,"end":6147.11},{"text":"to","start":6147.11,"end":6147.51},{"text":"answer","start":6147.67,"end":6148.07},{"text":"perhaps","start":6148.07,"end":6148.47},{"text":"more","start":6148.47,"end":6148.71},{"text":"specifically","start":6148.71,"end":6149.19},{"text":"certain","start":6149.19,"end":6149.55},{"text":"of","start":6149.55,"end":6149.67},{"text":"the","start":6149.67,"end":6149.79},{"text":"questions","start":6149.79,"end":6150.19},{"text":"that","start":6150.19,"end":6150.31},{"text":"have","start":6150.31,"end":6150.43},{"text":"been","start":6150.43,"end":6150.63},{"text":"raised","start":6150.63,"end":6151.07},{"text":"during","start":6151.39,"end":6151.59},{"text":"the","start":6151.59,"end":6151.75},{"text":"dialogue.","start":6151.75,"end":6152.15}]},{"text":"I thank the delegation of Poland for its comment.","start":6152.71,"end":6155.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6152.71,"end":6152.79},{"text":"thank","start":6152.79,"end":6153.07},{"text":"the","start":6153.07,"end":6153.19},{"text":"delegation","start":6153.19,"end":6153.71},{"text":"of","start":6153.71,"end":6153.83},{"text":"Poland","start":6153.83,"end":6154.31},{"text":"for","start":6154.31,"end":6154.47},{"text":"its","start":6154.47,"end":6154.63},{"text":"comment.","start":6154.63,"end":6155.19}]},{"text":"I would like to highlight the fact that the communication mentioned in the report is dated February 2018.","start":6155.99,"end":6164.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6155.99,"end":6156.03},{"text":"would","start":6156.03,"end":6156.23},{"text":"like","start":6156.23,"end":6156.43},{"text":"to","start":6156.43,"end":6156.95},{"text":"highlight","start":6156.95,"end":6157.39},{"text":"the","start":6157.39,"end":6157.47},{"text":"fact","start":6157.47,"end":6157.83},{"text":"that","start":6157.83,"end":6158.07},{"text":"the","start":6158.63,"end":6158.87},{"text":"communication","start":6158.87,"end":6159.91},{"text":"mentioned","start":6159.91,"end":6160.55},{"text":"in","start":6160.55,"end":6160.71},{"text":"the","start":6160.71,"end":6160.79},{"text":"report","start":6160.79,"end":6161.31},{"text":"is","start":6161.31,"end":6161.47},{"text":"dated","start":6161.47,"end":6161.91},{"text":"February","start":6162.23,"end":6162.87},{"text":"2018.","start":6163.03,"end":6164.23}]},{"text":"Unfortunately, Poland answered in April 2018.","start":6165.27,"end":6169.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":6165.27,"end":6166.15},{"text":"Poland","start":6166.15,"end":6166.71},{"text":"answered","start":6166.71,"end":6167.43},{"text":"in","start":6167.43,"end":6167.67},{"text":"April","start":6167.67,"end":6168.07},{"text":"2018.","start":6168.07,"end":6169.19}]},{"text":"without referring to the amendments to its law, which occurred, of course, only in June 2018.","start":6170.31,"end":6176.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"without","start":6170.31,"end":6170.95},{"text":"referring","start":6170.95,"end":6171.51},{"text":"to","start":6171.91,"end":6172.15},{"text":"the","start":6172.47,"end":6172.67},{"text":"amendments","start":6172.67,"end":6173.35},{"text":"to","start":6173.35,"end":6173.59},{"text":"its","start":6173.59,"end":6173.83},{"text":"law,","start":6173.83,"end":6174.07},{"text":"which","start":6174.07,"end":6174.39},{"text":"occurred,","start":6174.39,"end":6174.79},{"text":"of","start":6174.79,"end":6174.87},{"text":"course,","start":6174.87,"end":6175.19},{"text":"only","start":6175.19,"end":6175.59},{"text":"in","start":6175.59,"end":6175.75},{"text":"June","start":6175.75,"end":6175.99},{"text":"2018.","start":6175.99,"end":6176.79}]},{"text":"I'm glad that this information is now submitted to us.","start":6176.79,"end":6180.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":6176.79,"end":6176.99},{"text":"glad","start":6176.99,"end":6177.35},{"text":"that","start":6177.75,"end":6177.99},{"text":"this","start":6177.99,"end":6178.23},{"text":"information","start":6178.23,"end":6178.91},{"text":"is","start":6178.91,"end":6179.03},{"text":"now","start":6179.03,"end":6179.27},{"text":"submitted","start":6179.75,"end":6180.23},{"text":"to","start":6180.23,"end":6180.47},{"text":"us.","start":6180.47,"end":6180.71}]},{"text":"And I would like to reiterate the fact that this comment just goes to show the dangers of memory laws and its potential impact on freedom of expression, as highlighted in paragraphs 38 to 41 of my report.","start":6182.75,"end":6195.95,"topics":[{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6182.75,"end":6183.07},{"text":"I","start":6183.63,"end":6183.79},{"text":"would","start":6183.79,"end":6183.95},{"text":"like","start":6183.95,"end":6184.27},{"text":"to","start":6184.27,"end":6184.59},{"text":"reiterate","start":6184.59,"end":6185.15},{"text":"the","start":6185.15,"end":6185.27},{"text":"fact","start":6185.27,"end":6185.51},{"text":"that","start":6185.51,"end":6185.71},{"text":"this","start":6185.79,"end":6186.03},{"text":"comment","start":6186.03,"end":6186.51},{"text":"just","start":6186.91,"end":6187.15},{"text":"goes","start":6187.15,"end":6187.47},{"text":"to","start":6187.47,"end":6187.59},{"text":"show","start":6187.59,"end":6188.11},{"text":"the","start":6188.11,"end":6188.55},{"text":"dangers","start":6188.55,"end":6189.15},{"text":"of","start":6189.15,"end":6189.55},{"text":"memory","start":6189.55,"end":6189.99},{"text":"laws","start":6189.99,"end":6190.35},{"text":"and","start":6190.35,"end":6190.47},{"text":"its","start":6190.47,"end":6190.75},{"text":"potential","start":6190.83,"end":6191.39},{"text":"impact","start":6191.39,"end":6191.75},{"text":"on","start":6191.75,"end":6191.87},{"text":"freedom","start":6191.87,"end":6192.19},{"text":"of","start":6192.19,"end":6192.27},{"text":"expression,","start":6192.27,"end":6192.91},{"text":"as","start":6192.91,"end":6193.23},{"text":"highlighted","start":6193.23,"end":6193.79},{"text":"in","start":6193.79,"end":6193.87},{"text":"paragraphs","start":6193.87,"end":6194.35},{"text":"38","start":6194.35,"end":6194.75},{"text":"to","start":6194.75,"end":6194.83},{"text":"41","start":6194.83,"end":6195.27},{"text":"of","start":6195.27,"end":6195.35},{"text":"my","start":6195.35,"end":6195.55},{"text":"report.","start":6195.55,"end":6195.95}]},{"text":"I thank Brazil for its comments, and I reiterate my encouragements for the implementations of the recommendations that I formulated in my report.","start":6196.35,"end":6204.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6196.35,"end":6196.51},{"text":"thank","start":6196.51,"end":6196.83},{"text":"Brazil","start":6196.91,"end":6197.47},{"text":"for","start":6197.47,"end":6197.63},{"text":"its","start":6197.63,"end":6197.79},{"text":"comments,","start":6197.79,"end":6198.35},{"text":"and","start":6198.67,"end":6199.19},{"text":"I","start":6199.19,"end":6199.31},{"text":"reiterate","start":6199.31,"end":6199.79},{"text":"my","start":6199.79,"end":6199.91},{"text":"encouragements","start":6199.91,"end":6200.67},{"text":"for","start":6200.67,"end":6200.83},{"text":"the","start":6200.83,"end":6200.91},{"text":"implementations","start":6200.91,"end":6201.83},{"text":"of","start":6201.83,"end":6201.95},{"text":"the","start":6201.95,"end":6202.03},{"text":"recommendations","start":6202.03,"end":6203.07},{"text":"that","start":6203.07,"end":6203.23},{"text":"I","start":6203.23,"end":6203.39},{"text":"formulated","start":6203.39,"end":6204.03},{"text":"in","start":6204.03,"end":6204.19},{"text":"my","start":6204.19,"end":6204.35},{"text":"report.","start":6204.35,"end":6204.83}]},{"text":"I thank Switzerland for its comment on the dangers of the glorification of war criminals.","start":6205.31,"end":6210.43,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6205.31,"end":6205.39},{"text":"thank","start":6205.39,"end":6205.71},{"text":"Switzerland","start":6205.71,"end":6206.31},{"text":"for","start":6206.31,"end":6206.47},{"text":"its","start":6206.47,"end":6206.67},{"text":"comment","start":6206.67,"end":6207.15},{"text":"on","start":6207.23,"end":6207.47},{"text":"the","start":6207.47,"end":6207.55},{"text":"dangers","start":6207.55,"end":6208.31},{"text":"of","start":6208.31,"end":6208.43},{"text":"the","start":6208.43,"end":6208.67},{"text":"glorification","start":6208.67,"end":6209.43},{"text":"of","start":6209.43,"end":6209.55},{"text":"war","start":6209.55,"end":6209.71},{"text":"criminals.","start":6209.71,"end":6210.43}]},{"text":"I issued statement on this recently.","start":6211.15,"end":6214.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6211.15,"end":6211.39},{"text":"issued","start":6212.23,"end":6212.55},{"text":"statement","start":6212.75,"end":6213.15},{"text":"on","start":6213.15,"end":6213.23},{"text":"this","start":6213.23,"end":6213.47},{"text":"recently.","start":6213.47,"end":6214.19}]},{"text":"I thank Ukraine, Malaysia, and Egypt on its comment on national transitional justice.","start":6214.19,"end":6221.47,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6214.19,"end":6214.35},{"text":"thank","start":6214.35,"end":6214.75},{"text":"Ukraine,","start":6214.75,"end":6215.47},{"text":"Malaysia,","start":6216.51,"end":6217.03},{"text":"and","start":6217.03,"end":6217.19},{"text":"Egypt","start":6217.19,"end":6217.63},{"text":"on","start":6218.67,"end":6218.79},{"text":"its","start":6218.79,"end":6218.91},{"text":"comment","start":6218.91,"end":6219.39},{"text":"on","start":6219.39,"end":6219.63},{"text":"national","start":6219.79,"end":6220.27},{"text":"transitional","start":6220.27,"end":6220.83},{"text":"justice.","start":6220.83,"end":6221.47}]},{"text":"My next report to the General Assembly will address this topic.","start":6221.47,"end":6224.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":6221.47,"end":6221.63},{"text":"next","start":6221.63,"end":6221.95},{"text":"report","start":6221.95,"end":6222.47},{"text":"to","start":6222.47,"end":6222.55},{"text":"the","start":6222.55,"end":6222.67},{"text":"General","start":6222.67,"end":6222.99},{"text":"Assembly","start":6222.99,"end":6223.47},{"text":"will","start":6223.71,"end":6223.87},{"text":"address","start":6223.87,"end":6224.19},{"text":"this","start":6224.19,"end":6224.43},{"text":"topic.","start":6224.43,"end":6224.83}]},{"text":"I thank Azerbaijan for its comments on enforced disappearances, which is in and of itself an international crime that is a denial in itself.","start":6224.83,"end":6235.95,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. 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be held this afternoon where we will also address the issue of children in armed 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reiterate my solidarity with the people of the Marshall Islands and thank them for their comments.","start":6270.35,"end":6276.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6270.35,"end":6270.51},{"text":"reiterate","start":6270.51,"end":6271.15},{"text":"my","start":6271.15,"end":6271.23},{"text":"solidarity","start":6271.23,"end":6272.11},{"text":"with","start":6272.11,"end":6272.23},{"text":"the","start":6272.23,"end":6272.35},{"text":"people","start":6272.35,"end":6272.63},{"text":"of","start":6272.63,"end":6272.75},{"text":"the","start":6272.75,"end":6272.87},{"text":"Marshall","start":6272.87,"end":6273.31},{"text":"Islands","start":6273.31,"end":6273.87},{"text":"and","start":6274.83,"end":6275.23},{"text":"thank","start":6275.31,"end":6275.63},{"text":"them","start":6275.71,"end":6275.95},{"text":"for","start":6275.95,"end":6276.19},{"text":"their","start":6276.19,"end":6276.35},{"text":"comments.","start":6276.35,"end":6276.83}]},{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. President.","start":6276.83,"end":6278.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6276.83,"end":6276.99},{"text":"you","start":6276.99,"end":6277.07},{"text":"very","start":6277.07,"end":6277.27},{"text":"much,","start":6277.27,"end":6277.55},{"text":"Mr.","start":6277.55,"end":6277.83},{"text":"President.","start":6277.83,"end":6278.27}]},{"text":"Dear Vice President, I apologize.","start":6278.83,"end":6280.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dear","start":6278.83,"end":6279.03},{"text":"Vice","start":6279.03,"end":6279.27},{"text":"President,","start":6279.27,"end":6279.71},{"text":"I","start":6279.71,"end":6279.75},{"text":"apologize.","start":6279.75,"end":6280.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Bernard Duhaime","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Special Rapporteur"}},{"statement_number":115,"start":6281.39,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=6282","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas 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participation.","start":6290.59,"end":6294.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6290.59,"end":6290.67},{"text":"thank","start":6290.67,"end":6291.15},{"text":"Mr.","start":6291.15,"end":6291.63},{"text":"Bernard","start":6292.03,"end":6292.51},{"text":"Duhem","start":6292.59,"end":6293.07},{"text":"for","start":6293.23,"end":6293.39},{"text":"his","start":6293.39,"end":6293.71},{"text":"participation.","start":6293.99,"end":6294.75}]},{"text":"We'll now take a short break before holding the interactive dialogue with the working group on the rights of 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distinguished participants, we shall now hold the interactive dialogue with the Working Group on the Rights of Peasants and other people working in rural 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me welcome the Chair of the Working Group, Madam Sharmali Guttal.","start":6536.99,"end":6543.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":6536.99,"end":6537.11},{"text":"me","start":6537.11,"end":6537.27},{"text":"welcome","start":6537.27,"end":6537.71},{"text":"the","start":6537.71,"end":6537.87},{"text":"Chair","start":6537.87,"end":6538.19},{"text":"of","start":6538.19,"end":6538.27},{"text":"the","start":6538.27,"end":6538.43},{"text":"Working","start":6538.43,"end":6538.79},{"text":"Group,","start":6538.79,"end":6539.15},{"text":"Madam","start":6540.99,"end":6541.39},{"text":"Sharmali","start":6541.87,"end":6542.51},{"text":"Guttal.","start":6542.51,"end":6543.07}]},{"text":"The list of speakers will close in 15 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enclosure and resistance, together with the report of our official country visit to Ghana that was undertaken from 5 to 14 May 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thank the government for its cooperation and overall support for the great majority of our recommendations.","start":6590.95,"end":6595.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6590.95,"end":6591.11},{"text":"thank","start":6591.11,"end":6591.35},{"text":"the","start":6591.35,"end":6591.51},{"text":"government","start":6591.51,"end":6591.91},{"text":"for","start":6591.91,"end":6592.07},{"text":"its","start":6592.07,"end":6592.19},{"text":"cooperation","start":6592.19,"end":6592.95},{"text":"and","start":6592.95,"end":6593.07},{"text":"overall","start":6593.07,"end":6593.43},{"text":"support","start":6593.43,"end":6593.83},{"text":"for","start":6593.83,"end":6593.95},{"text":"the","start":6593.95,"end":6594.07},{"text":"great","start":6594.07,"end":6594.27},{"text":"majority","start":6594.27,"end":6594.83},{"text":"of","start":6594.83,"end":6594.95},{"text":"our","start":6594.95,"end":6595.03},{"text":"recommendations.","start":6595.03,"end":6595.99}]},{"text":"The seat report draws on our calls for input, expert consultations and contributions from states, peasants, indigenous peoples, researchers and civil society organizations worldwide, to whom we are grateful.","start":6596.55,"end":6609.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6596.55,"end":6596.71},{"text":"seat","start":6596.71,"end":6597.03},{"text":"report","start":6597.03,"end":6597.35},{"text":"draws","start":6597.35,"end":6597.79},{"text":"on","start":6597.79,"end":6597.91},{"text":"our","start":6597.91,"end":6598.07},{"text":"calls","start":6598.07,"end":6598.47},{"text":"for","start":6598.47,"end":6598.63},{"text":"input,","start":6598.63,"end":6599.11},{"text":"expert","start":6599.11,"end":6599.51},{"text":"consultations","start":6599.51,"end":6600.47},{"text":"and","start":6600.51,"end":6600.67},{"text":"contributions","start":6600.67,"end":6601.59},{"text":"from","start":6601.83,"end":6602.07},{"text":"states,","start":6602.07,"end":6602.63},{"text":"peasants,","start":6602.63,"end":6603.19},{"text":"indigenous","start":6603.51,"end":6604.15},{"text":"peoples,","start":6604.15,"end":6604.79},{"text":"researchers","start":6605.19,"end":6605.87},{"text":"and","start":6605.87,"end":6605.99},{"text":"civil","start":6605.99,"end":6606.23},{"text":"society","start":6606.23,"end":6606.71},{"text":"organizations","start":6606.71,"end":6607.43},{"text":"worldwide,","start":6607.43,"end":6607.99},{"text":"to","start":6608.15,"end":6608.31},{"text":"whom","start":6608.31,"end":6608.55},{"text":"we","start":6608.55,"end":6608.67},{"text":"are","start":6608.67,"end":6608.75},{"text":"grateful.","start":6608.75,"end":6609.35}]},{"text":"Seeds 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peasants and indigenous people, seeds are not commodities.","start":6616.27,"end":6619.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6616.27,"end":6616.51},{"text":"peasants","start":6616.51,"end":6617.03},{"text":"and","start":6617.03,"end":6617.19},{"text":"indigenous","start":6617.19,"end":6617.71},{"text":"people,","start":6617.71,"end":6618.11},{"text":"seeds","start":6618.35,"end":6618.83},{"text":"are","start":6618.83,"end":6618.95},{"text":"not","start":6618.95,"end":6619.23},{"text":"commodities.","start":6619.23,"end":6619.95}]},{"text":"They are living inheritance refined over generations of selection, exchange, and adaptation to diverse soils, ecosystems, and climates.","start":6620.03,"end":6628.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6620.03,"end":6620.19},{"text":"are","start":6620.19,"end":6620.27},{"text":"living","start":6620.27,"end":6620.51},{"text":"inheritance","start":6620.51,"end":6621.23},{"text":"refined","start":6621.39,"end":6622.03},{"text":"over","start":6622.03,"end":6622.31},{"text":"generations","start":6622.31,"end":6623.07},{"text":"of","start":6623.07,"end":6623.15},{"text":"selection,","start":6623.15,"end":6623.79},{"text":"exchange,","start":6623.79,"end":6624.43},{"text":"and","start":6624.59,"end":6624.87},{"text":"adaptation","start":6624.87,"end":6625.63},{"text":"to","start":6625.87,"end":6625.99},{"text":"diverse","start":6625.99,"end":6626.47},{"text":"soils,","start":6626.47,"end":6626.83},{"text":"ecosystems,","start":6626.87,"end":6627.63},{"text":"and","start":6627.63,"end":6627.83},{"text":"climates.","start":6627.83,"end":6628.51}]},{"text":"Article 19 of the UN Declaration of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas, also known as UNDROP, recognizes the right of peasants to maintain, control, and protect and develop their own seeds, and obliges states to respect, protect, and fulfill that right.","start":6629.07,"end":6645.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":6629.07,"end":6629.51},{"text":"19","start":6629.51,"end":6630.19},{"text":"of","start":6630.27,"end":6630.43},{"text":"the","start":6630.43,"end":6630.51},{"text":"UN","start":6630.51,"end":6630.75},{"text":"Declaration","start":6630.75,"end":6631.55},{"text":"of","start":6631.55,"end":6631.79},{"text":"Peasants","start":6631.79,"end":6632.35},{"text":"and","start":6632.35,"end":6632.55},{"text":"Other","start":6632.55,"end":6632.75},{"text":"People","start":6632.75,"end":6633.07},{"text":"Working","start":6633.07,"end":6633.39},{"text":"in","start":6633.39,"end":6633.55},{"text":"Rural","start":6633.55,"end":6633.87},{"text":"Areas,","start":6633.87,"end":6634.35},{"text":"also","start":6634.43,"end":6634.83},{"text":"known","start":6634.83,"end":6635.07},{"text":"as","start":6635.07,"end":6635.19},{"text":"UNDROP,","start":6635.19,"end":6636.11},{"text":"recognizes","start":6636.39,"end":6637.03},{"text":"the","start":6637.03,"end":6637.11},{"text":"right","start":6637.11,"end":6637.39},{"text":"of","start":6637.39,"end":6637.51},{"text":"peasants","start":6637.51,"end":6637.99},{"text":"to","start":6637.99,"end":6638.07},{"text":"maintain,","start":6638.07,"end":6638.63},{"text":"control,","start":6638.63,"end":6639.19},{"text":"and","start":6639.19,"end":6639.39},{"text":"protect","start":6639.39,"end":6639.91},{"text":"and","start":6639.91,"end":6640.11},{"text":"develop","start":6640.11,"end":6640.43},{"text":"their","start":6640.43,"end":6640.63},{"text":"own","start":6640.63,"end":6640.79},{"text":"seeds,","start":6640.79,"end":6641.19},{"text":"and","start":6641.43,"end":6641.63},{"text":"obliges","start":6641.63,"end":6642.11},{"text":"states","start":6642.11,"end":6642.71},{"text":"to","start":6642.95,"end":6643.07},{"text":"respect,","start":6643.07,"end":6643.59},{"text":"protect,","start":6643.59,"end":6644.07},{"text":"and","start":6644.07,"end":6644.19},{"text":"fulfill","start":6644.19,"end":6644.55},{"text":"that","start":6644.55,"end":6644.79},{"text":"right.","start":6644.79,"end":6645.19}]},{"text":"Our report examines whether the international and domestic legal architecture governing seeds lives up to that obligation.","start":6645.75,"end":6652.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":6645.75,"end":6645.87},{"text":"report","start":6645.87,"end":6646.23},{"text":"examines","start":6646.23,"end":6646.87},{"text":"whether","start":6647.07,"end":6647.39},{"text":"the","start":6647.39,"end":6647.47},{"text":"international","start":6647.47,"end":6648.15},{"text":"and","start":6648.15,"end":6648.35},{"text":"domestic","start":6648.35,"end":6648.83},{"text":"legal","start":6648.83,"end":6649.15},{"text":"architecture","start":6649.15,"end":6649.75},{"text":"governing","start":6649.75,"end":6650.15},{"text":"seeds","start":6650.15,"end":6650.55},{"text":"lives","start":6650.63,"end":6650.95},{"text":"up","start":6650.95,"end":6651.03},{"text":"to","start":6651.03,"end":6651.19},{"text":"that","start":6651.19,"end":6651.43},{"text":"obligation.","start":6651.43,"end":6652.15}]},{"text":"We find a seed governance landscape increasingly defined by three intersecting dynamics, custodianship, enclosure, and resistance.","start":6652.95,"end":6662.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6652.95,"end":6653.19},{"text":"find","start":6653.19,"end":6653.59},{"text":"a","start":6653.59,"end":6653.67},{"text":"seed","start":6653.67,"end":6653.99},{"text":"governance","start":6653.99,"end":6654.55},{"text":"landscape","start":6654.55,"end":6655.11},{"text":"increasingly","start":6655.11,"end":6656.55},{"text":"defined","start":6656.79,"end":6657.35},{"text":"by","start":6657.35,"end":6657.51},{"text":"three","start":6657.51,"end":6657.83},{"text":"intersecting","start":6657.83,"end":6658.47},{"text":"dynamics,","start":6658.47,"end":6659.19},{"text":"custodianship,","start":6659.59,"end":6660.47},{"text":"enclosure,","start":6660.55,"end":6661.15},{"text":"and","start":6661.15,"end":6661.31},{"text":"resistance.","start":6661.31,"end":6662.07}]},{"text":"Custodianship reflects the collective traditional systems through which the vast majority of the world's food crop seed continues to be grown, saved, exchanged, and sold.","start":6662.67,"end":6671.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Custodianship","start":6662.67,"end":6663.55},{"text":"reflects","start":6663.55,"end":6664.03},{"text":"the","start":6664.03,"end":6664.11},{"text":"collective","start":6664.11,"end":6664.67},{"text":"traditional","start":6664.67,"end":6665.15},{"text":"systems","start":6665.15,"end":6665.71},{"text":"through","start":6666.03,"end":6666.23},{"text":"which","start":6666.23,"end":6666.51},{"text":"the","start":6666.51,"end":6666.63},{"text":"vast","start":6666.63,"end":6666.91},{"text":"majority","start":6666.91,"end":6667.55},{"text":"of","start":6667.55,"end":6667.71},{"text":"the","start":6667.71,"end":6667.79},{"text":"world's","start":6667.79,"end":6668.15},{"text":"food","start":6668.15,"end":6668.31},{"text":"crop","start":6668.31,"end":6668.59},{"text":"seed","start":6668.59,"end":6668.91},{"text":"continues","start":6668.91,"end":6669.39},{"text":"to","start":6669.39,"end":6669.47},{"text":"be","start":6669.47,"end":6669.63},{"text":"grown,","start":6669.63,"end":6670.11},{"text":"saved,","start":6670.19,"end":6670.75},{"text":"exchanged,","start":6670.75,"end":6671.35},{"text":"and","start":6671.35,"end":6671.51},{"text":"sold.","start":6671.51,"end":6671.95}]},{"text":"In parts of Africa and Asia, the figures are up to 90%.","start":6672.35,"end":6676.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6672.35,"end":6672.51},{"text":"parts","start":6672.51,"end":6672.79},{"text":"of","start":6672.79,"end":6672.91},{"text":"Africa","start":6672.91,"end":6673.27},{"text":"and","start":6673.27,"end":6673.43},{"text":"Asia,","start":6673.47,"end":6673.87},{"text":"the","start":6674.03,"end":6674.11},{"text":"figures","start":6674.11,"end":6674.67},{"text":"are","start":6674.67,"end":6674.95},{"text":"up","start":6674.95,"end":6675.07},{"text":"to","start":6675.07,"end":6676.23},{"text":"90%.","start":6676.87,"end":6676.91}]},{"text":"Farmer-managed seed systems are the principal reservoir of genetic diversity on which our food sovereignty and climate resilience depend.","start":6676.91,"end":6684.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Farmer-managed","start":6676.91,"end":6677.55},{"text":"seed","start":6677.55,"end":6677.79},{"text":"systems","start":6677.79,"end":6678.35},{"text":"are","start":6678.35,"end":6678.51},{"text":"the","start":6678.51,"end":6678.63},{"text":"principal","start":6678.63,"end":6679.11},{"text":"reservoir","start":6679.11,"end":6679.75},{"text":"of","start":6679.75,"end":6679.87},{"text":"genetic","start":6679.87,"end":6680.23},{"text":"diversity","start":6680.23,"end":6680.99},{"text":"on","start":6681.23,"end":6681.39},{"text":"which","start":6681.39,"end":6681.63},{"text":"our","start":6681.63,"end":6681.87},{"text":"food","start":6681.87,"end":6682.15},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6682.19,"end":6682.83},{"text":"and","start":6682.83,"end":6683.03},{"text":"climate","start":6683.03,"end":6683.39},{"text":"resilience","start":6683.39,"end":6683.87},{"text":"depend.","start":6683.87,"end":6684.39}]},{"text":"The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture affirms farmers' rights and a multilateral system of access and benefit sharing.","start":6685.15,"end":6693.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6685.15,"end":6685.19},{"text":"International","start":6685.19,"end":6685.71},{"text":"Treaty","start":6685.71,"end":6686.19},{"text":"on","start":6686.19,"end":6686.35},{"text":"Plant","start":6686.35,"end":6686.63},{"text":"Genetic","start":6686.63,"end":6687.07},{"text":"Resources","start":6687.07,"end":6687.63},{"text":"for","start":6687.63,"end":6687.79},{"text":"Food","start":6687.79,"end":6687.99},{"text":"and","start":6687.99,"end":6688.15},{"text":"Agriculture","start":6688.15,"end":6688.91},{"text":"affirms","start":6689.15,"end":6689.63},{"text":"farmers'","start":6689.63,"end":6690.03},{"text":"rights","start":6690.03,"end":6690.51},{"text":"and","start":6690.67,"end":6690.87},{"text":"a","start":6690.87,"end":6690.91},{"text":"multilateral","start":6690.91,"end":6691.55},{"text":"system","start":6691.55,"end":6691.95},{"text":"of","start":6691.95,"end":6692.11},{"text":"access","start":6692.11,"end":6692.43},{"text":"and","start":6692.43,"end":6692.55},{"text":"benefit","start":6692.55,"end":6692.91},{"text":"sharing.","start":6692.91,"end":6693.39}]},{"text":"Yet these commitments remain unevenly implemented and access to the treaty's benefit sharing fund continues to fall short of its purpose.","start":6693.79,"end":6701.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":6693.79,"end":6694.03},{"text":"these","start":6694.03,"end":6694.19},{"text":"commitments","start":6694.19,"end":6694.75},{"text":"remain","start":6694.75,"end":6695.07},{"text":"unevenly","start":6695.07,"end":6695.71},{"text":"implemented","start":6695.71,"end":6696.51},{"text":"and","start":6696.59,"end":6696.83},{"text":"access","start":6696.83,"end":6697.23},{"text":"to","start":6697.23,"end":6697.31},{"text":"the","start":6697.31,"end":6697.43},{"text":"treaty's","start":6697.43,"end":6697.87},{"text":"benefit","start":6697.87,"end":6698.27},{"text":"sharing","start":6698.27,"end":6698.67},{"text":"fund","start":6698.67,"end":6699.15},{"text":"continues","start":6699.31,"end":6699.95},{"text":"to","start":6699.95,"end":6700.07},{"text":"fall","start":6700.07,"end":6700.43},{"text":"short","start":6700.51,"end":6700.99},{"text":"of","start":6700.99,"end":6701.15},{"text":"its","start":6701.15,"end":6701.31},{"text":"purpose.","start":6701.31,"end":6701.95}]},{"text":"Enclosure describes the accelerating commodification and privatization of this precious collective heritage.","start":6702.67,"end":6708.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Enclosure","start":6702.67,"end":6703.31},{"text":"describes","start":6703.55,"end":6704.15},{"text":"the","start":6704.15,"end":6704.23},{"text":"accelerating","start":6704.23,"end":6704.83},{"text":"commodification","start":6704.83,"end":6705.67},{"text":"and","start":6705.67,"end":6705.79},{"text":"privatization","start":6705.79,"end":6706.67},{"text":"of","start":6706.67,"end":6706.79},{"text":"this","start":6706.79,"end":6706.99},{"text":"precious","start":6706.99,"end":6707.47},{"text":"collective","start":6707.71,"end":6708.11},{"text":"heritage.","start":6708.11,"end":6708.75}]},{"text":"Plant variety protection regimes, modelled on the 1991 Act of UPOV, extend breeders' exclusive rights over propagating material.","start":6709.51,"end":6717.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Plant","start":6709.51,"end":6709.71},{"text":"variety","start":6709.71,"end":6710.11},{"text":"protection","start":6710.11,"end":6710.67},{"text":"regimes,","start":6710.67,"end":6711.31},{"text":"modelled","start":6711.31,"end":6711.87},{"text":"on","start":6711.87,"end":6711.99},{"text":"the","start":6711.99,"end":6712.07},{"text":"1991","start":6712.07,"end":6712.91},{"text":"Act","start":6712.91,"end":6713.23},{"text":"of","start":6713.23,"end":6713.39},{"text":"UPOV,","start":6713.39,"end":6713.99},{"text":"extend","start":6714.11,"end":6714.63},{"text":"breeders'","start":6714.63,"end":6714.99},{"text":"exclusive","start":6714.99,"end":6715.63},{"text":"rights","start":6715.63,"end":6715.95},{"text":"over","start":6715.95,"end":6716.19},{"text":"propagating","start":6716.19,"end":6716.75},{"text":"material.","start":6716.75,"end":6717.31}]},{"text":"In a growing number of countries, they criminalise or otherwise restrict age-old practices of saving, reusing and exchanging farm-saved seeds, in some cases with penalties of 10 years' imprisonment or more.","start":6717.71,"end":6729.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6717.71,"end":6717.91},{"text":"a","start":6717.91,"end":6717.95},{"text":"growing","start":6717.95,"end":6718.23},{"text":"number","start":6718.23,"end":6718.51},{"text":"of","start":6718.51,"end":6718.59},{"text":"countries,","start":6718.59,"end":6719.15},{"text":"they","start":6719.15,"end":6719.27},{"text":"criminalise","start":6719.27,"end":6720.11},{"text":"or","start":6720.27,"end":6720.51},{"text":"otherwise","start":6720.51,"end":6721.03},{"text":"restrict","start":6721.03,"end":6721.63},{"text":"age-old","start":6721.87,"end":6722.27},{"text":"practices","start":6722.27,"end":6722.87},{"text":"of","start":6722.87,"end":6722.95},{"text":"saving,","start":6722.95,"end":6723.47},{"text":"reusing","start":6723.63,"end":6724.35},{"text":"and","start":6724.51,"end":6724.75},{"text":"exchanging","start":6724.75,"end":6725.39},{"text":"farm-saved","start":6725.39,"end":6726.03},{"text":"seeds,","start":6726.03,"end":6726.43},{"text":"in","start":6726.67,"end":6726.83},{"text":"some","start":6726.83,"end":6727.07},{"text":"cases","start":6727.07,"end":6727.47},{"text":"with","start":6727.47,"end":6727.63},{"text":"penalties","start":6727.63,"end":6728.19},{"text":"of","start":6728.19,"end":6728.27},{"text":"10","start":6728.27,"end":6728.59},{"text":"years'","start":6728.59,"end":6728.91},{"text":"imprisonment","start":6728.91,"end":6729.55},{"text":"or","start":6729.55,"end":6729.63},{"text":"more.","start":6729.63,"end":6729.95}]},{"text":"Patents on genetic sequences and restrictive certification laws compound this enclosure, as does the emerging practice of patenting sequences drawn from digital databases without even touching the physical seed.","start":6730.71,"end":6742.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Patents","start":6730.71,"end":6731.03},{"text":"on","start":6731.07,"end":6731.19},{"text":"genetic","start":6731.19,"end":6731.63},{"text":"sequences","start":6731.63,"end":6732.39},{"text":"and","start":6732.39,"end":6732.55},{"text":"restrictive","start":6732.55,"end":6733.07},{"text":"certification","start":6733.07,"end":6733.83},{"text":"laws","start":6733.83,"end":6734.07},{"text":"compound","start":6734.07,"end":6734.47},{"text":"this","start":6734.47,"end":6734.63},{"text":"enclosure,","start":6734.63,"end":6735.19},{"text":"as","start":6735.59,"end":6735.83},{"text":"does","start":6735.83,"end":6736.07},{"text":"the","start":6736.07,"end":6736.19},{"text":"emerging","start":6736.19,"end":6736.63},{"text":"practice","start":6736.63,"end":6737.15},{"text":"of","start":6737.15,"end":6737.23},{"text":"patenting","start":6737.23,"end":6737.75},{"text":"sequences","start":6737.75,"end":6738.39},{"text":"drawn","start":6738.39,"end":6738.63},{"text":"from","start":6738.63,"end":6738.87},{"text":"digital","start":6738.87,"end":6739.27},{"text":"databases","start":6739.27,"end":6739.99},{"text":"without","start":6740.23,"end":6740.63},{"text":"even","start":6740.63,"end":6740.95},{"text":"touching","start":6740.95,"end":6741.35},{"text":"the","start":6741.35,"end":6741.43},{"text":"physical","start":6741.43,"end":6741.83},{"text":"seed.","start":6741.83,"end":6742.23}]},{"text":"The consequence is a dramatic narrowing of agrobiodiversity.","start":6742.87,"end":6746.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6742.87,"end":6743.03},{"text":"consequence","start":6743.03,"end":6743.75},{"text":"is","start":6743.75,"end":6743.95},{"text":"a","start":6743.95,"end":6743.99},{"text":"dramatic","start":6743.99,"end":6744.55},{"text":"narrowing","start":6744.55,"end":6745.03},{"text":"of","start":6745.03,"end":6745.19},{"text":"agrobiodiversity.","start":6745.19,"end":6746.39}]},{"text":"Some three quarters of global crop genetic diversity was lost over the course of the 20th century as traditional, locally adapted crop varieties gave way to a narrowing pool of commercial varieties.","start":6746.87,"end":6758.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":6746.87,"end":6747.19},{"text":"three","start":6747.19,"end":6747.43},{"text":"quarters","start":6747.43,"end":6748.07},{"text":"of","start":6748.15,"end":6748.31},{"text":"global","start":6748.31,"end":6748.79},{"text":"crop","start":6748.95,"end":6749.35},{"text":"genetic","start":6749.35,"end":6749.79},{"text":"diversity","start":6749.79,"end":6750.43},{"text":"was","start":6750.43,"end":6750.63},{"text":"lost","start":6750.63,"end":6750.91},{"text":"over","start":6750.91,"end":6751.07},{"text":"the","start":6751.07,"end":6751.19},{"text":"course","start":6751.19,"end":6751.47},{"text":"of","start":6751.47,"end":6751.59},{"text":"the","start":6751.63,"end":6751.75},{"text":"20th","start":6751.75,"end":6752.23},{"text":"century","start":6752.23,"end":6752.79},{"text":"as","start":6753.11,"end":6753.35},{"text":"traditional,","start":6753.35,"end":6754.07},{"text":"locally","start":6754.23,"end":6754.79},{"text":"adapted","start":6754.79,"end":6755.35},{"text":"crop","start":6755.35,"end":6755.59},{"text":"varieties","start":6755.59,"end":6756.15},{"text":"gave","start":6756.15,"end":6756.35},{"text":"way","start":6756.35,"end":6756.55},{"text":"to","start":6756.55,"end":6756.67},{"text":"a","start":6756.67,"end":6756.71},{"text":"narrowing","start":6756.71,"end":6757.19},{"text":"pool","start":6757.19,"end":6757.59},{"text":"of","start":6757.67,"end":6757.83},{"text":"commercial","start":6757.83,"end":6758.23},{"text":"varieties.","start":6758.23,"end":6758.87}]},{"text":"Four 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saving and exchanging farm-saved seed, and infringement lawsuits against farmers who had not knowingly planted patented seed found growing in their seed 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are resisting these enclosures through positive actions, including community seed banks, participatory plant breeding networks, and guarantee schemes, agroecology, and customary management of territories.","start":6787.95,"end":6801.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Peasants","start":6787.95,"end":6788.35},{"text":"are","start":6788.35,"end":6788.55},{"text":"resisting","start":6788.55,"end":6789.07},{"text":"these","start":6789.07,"end":6789.27},{"text":"enclosures","start":6789.27,"end":6789.91},{"text":"through","start":6789.91,"end":6790.03},{"text":"positive","start":6790.03,"end":6790.51},{"text":"actions,","start":6790.51,"end":6790.99},{"text":"including","start":6791.23,"end":6791.75},{"text":"community","start":6791.75,"end":6792.23},{"text":"seed","start":6792.23,"end":6792.55},{"text":"banks,","start":6792.55,"end":6792.99},{"text":"participatory","start":6793.23,"end":6794.11},{"text":"plant","start":6794.27,"end":6794.59},{"text":"breeding","start":6794.59,"end":6795.27},{"text":"networks,","start":6795.27,"end":6795.87},{"text":"and","start":6796.19,"end":6796.39},{"text":"guarantee","start":6796.39,"end":6796.83},{"text":"schemes,","start":6796.83,"end":6797.47},{"text":"agroecology,","start":6798.11,"end":6799.15},{"text":"and","start":6799.15,"end":6799.39},{"text":"customary","start":6799.39,"end":6799.87},{"text":"management","start":6799.87,"end":6800.39},{"text":"of","start":6800.39,"end":6800.51},{"text":"territories.","start":6800.51,"end":6801.31}]},{"text":"An emerging jurisprudence recognizes farmers' rights over seed.","start":6801.71,"end":6805.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"An","start":6801.71,"end":6801.87},{"text":"emerging","start":6801.87,"end":6802.31},{"text":"jurisprudence","start":6802.31,"end":6803.31},{"text":"recognizes","start":6803.71,"end":6804.59},{"text":"farmers'","start":6804.59,"end":6805.07},{"text":"rights","start":6805.07,"end":6805.35},{"text":"over","start":6805.35,"end":6805.55},{"text":"seed.","start":6805.55,"end":6805.95}]},{"text":"We highlight, among others, the African Model Law for the Protection of the Rights of Local Communities, Farmers, and Breeders, operationalized through the ARIPO Arusha Protocol.","start":6806.27,"end":6815.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6806.27,"end":6806.43},{"text":"highlight,","start":6806.43,"end":6806.91},{"text":"among","start":6806.91,"end":6807.15},{"text":"others,","start":6807.15,"end":6807.63},{"text":"the","start":6807.79,"end":6807.99},{"text":"African","start":6807.99,"end":6808.43},{"text":"Model","start":6808.43,"end":6808.91},{"text":"Law","start":6808.91,"end":6808.99},{"text":"for","start":6808.99,"end":6809.15},{"text":"the","start":6809.15,"end":6809.27},{"text":"Protection","start":6809.27,"end":6809.87},{"text":"of","start":6809.87,"end":6810.03},{"text":"the","start":6810.03,"end":6810.11},{"text":"Rights","start":6810.11,"end":6810.39},{"text":"of","start":6810.39,"end":6810.51},{"text":"Local","start":6810.51,"end":6810.75},{"text":"Communities,","start":6810.75,"end":6811.39},{"text":"Farmers,","start":6811.39,"end":6811.75},{"text":"and","start":6811.75,"end":6811.87},{"text":"Breeders,","start":6811.87,"end":6812.35},{"text":"operationalized","start":6812.75,"end":6813.83},{"text":"through","start":6813.83,"end":6813.95},{"text":"the","start":6813.95,"end":6814.03},{"text":"ARIPO","start":6814.03,"end":6814.75},{"text":"Arusha","start":6814.75,"end":6814.95},{"text":"Protocol.","start":6814.95,"end":6815.55}]},{"text":"a rights-consistent alternative to UPOV 1991 for African states.","start":6816.07,"end":6820.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"a","start":6816.07,"end":6816.11},{"text":"rights-consistent","start":6816.11,"end":6817.11},{"text":"alternative","start":6817.11,"end":6817.63},{"text":"to","start":6817.63,"end":6817.75},{"text":"UPOV","start":6817.75,"end":6818.35},{"text":"1991","start":6818.35,"end":6819.11},{"text":"for","start":6819.11,"end":6819.27},{"text":"African","start":6819.27,"end":6819.67},{"text":"states.","start":6819.67,"end":6820.23}]},{"text":"India's Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, which preserves farmers' rights to save, use, exchange, and sell farm-saved seeds.","start":6820.71,"end":6829.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"India's","start":6820.71,"end":6821.15},{"text":"Protection","start":6821.15,"end":6821.83},{"text":"of","start":6821.83,"end":6821.99},{"text":"Plant","start":6821.99,"end":6822.27},{"text":"Varieties","start":6822.27,"end":6822.83},{"text":"and","start":6822.83,"end":6822.95},{"text":"Farmers'","start":6822.95,"end":6823.31},{"text":"Rights","start":6823.31,"end":6823.67},{"text":"Act,","start":6823.67,"end":6823.99},{"text":"which","start":6824.19,"end":6824.47},{"text":"preserves","start":6824.47,"end":6825.03},{"text":"farmers'","start":6825.03,"end":6825.43},{"text":"rights","start":6825.43,"end":6825.75},{"text":"to","start":6825.75,"end":6825.87},{"text":"save,","start":6825.87,"end":6826.31},{"text":"use,","start":6826.31,"end":6826.71},{"text":"exchange,","start":6826.71,"end":6827.27},{"text":"and","start":6827.27,"end":6827.83},{"text":"sell","start":6828.07,"end":6828.55},{"text":"farm-saved","start":6828.55,"end":6829.19},{"text":"seeds.","start":6829.19,"end":6829.59}]},{"text":"Brazil's Food Acquisition Program that channels public procurement towards traditional and agroecological seed.","start":6830.23,"end":6836.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil's","start":6830.23,"end":6830.67},{"text":"Food","start":6830.67,"end":6830.87},{"text":"Acquisition","start":6830.87,"end":6831.43},{"text":"Program","start":6831.43,"end":6831.99},{"text":"that","start":6832.31,"end":6832.47},{"text":"channels","start":6832.47,"end":6832.87},{"text":"public","start":6832.87,"end":6833.23},{"text":"procurement","start":6833.23,"end":6833.79},{"text":"towards","start":6833.79,"end":6834.07},{"text":"traditional","start":6834.07,"end":6834.63},{"text":"and","start":6834.63,"end":6834.91},{"text":"agroecological","start":6834.91,"end":6835.75},{"text":"seed.","start":6835.75,"end":6836.15}]},{"text":"The Supreme Court of Honduras, which in 2021 struck down the country's plant variety protection law as unconstitutional, citing Article 19 of UNDROP, one of the first judgments worldwide to do so.","start":6836.63,"end":6849.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6836.63,"end":6836.75},{"text":"Supreme","start":6836.75,"end":6837.11},{"text":"Court","start":6837.11,"end":6837.31},{"text":"of","start":6837.31,"end":6837.39},{"text":"Honduras,","start":6837.39,"end":6838.07},{"text":"which","start":6838.19,"end":6838.43},{"text":"in","start":6838.43,"end":6838.55},{"text":"2021","start":6838.55,"end":6839.67},{"text":"struck","start":6839.91,"end":6840.39},{"text":"down","start":6840.39,"end":6840.71},{"text":"the","start":6840.71,"end":6840.83},{"text":"country's","start":6840.83,"end":6841.43},{"text":"plant","start":6841.59,"end":6841.99},{"text":"variety","start":6841.99,"end":6842.35},{"text":"protection","start":6842.35,"end":6842.87},{"text":"law","start":6842.87,"end":6843.03},{"text":"as","start":6843.03,"end":6843.19},{"text":"unconstitutional,","start":6843.19,"end":6844.31},{"text":"citing","start":6844.91,"end":6845.23},{"text":"Article","start":6845.23,"end":6845.59},{"text":"19","start":6845.59,"end":6846.07},{"text":"of","start":6846.07,"end":6846.15},{"text":"UNDROP,","start":6846.15,"end":6847.07},{"text":"one","start":6847.07,"end":6847.23},{"text":"of","start":6847.23,"end":6847.31},{"text":"the","start":6847.31,"end":6847.39},{"text":"first","start":6847.39,"end":6847.79},{"text":"judgments","start":6847.79,"end":6848.51},{"text":"worldwide","start":6848.51,"end":6849.07},{"text":"to","start":6849.07,"end":6849.19},{"text":"do","start":6849.19,"end":6849.39},{"text":"so.","start":6849.39,"end":6849.71}]},{"text":"The Supreme Court and High Court of Kenya, which have both recently affirmed that peasants' customary seed sharing practices enjoy constitutional protection, the High Court holding in November 2025 that seed sharing is not a crime, a ruling of significance well beyond Kenya's borders.","start":6850.11,"end":6867.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6850.11,"end":6850.27},{"text":"Supreme","start":6850.27,"end":6850.75},{"text":"Court","start":6850.75,"end":6851.15},{"text":"and","start":6851.15,"end":6851.35},{"text":"High","start":6851.35,"end":6851.55},{"text":"Court","start":6851.55,"end":6851.87},{"text":"of","start":6851.87,"end":6851.95},{"text":"Kenya,","start":6851.95,"end":6852.43},{"text":"which","start":6852.67,"end":6852.91},{"text":"have","start":6852.91,"end":6853.07},{"text":"both","start":6853.07,"end":6853.31},{"text":"recently","start":6853.31,"end":6853.79},{"text":"affirmed","start":6853.79,"end":6854.59},{"text":"that","start":6854.83,"end":6855.07},{"text":"peasants'","start":6855.07,"end":6855.47},{"text":"customary","start":6855.47,"end":6856.03},{"text":"seed","start":6856.03,"end":6856.27},{"text":"sharing","start":6856.27,"end":6856.59},{"text":"practices","start":6856.59,"end":6857.27},{"text":"enjoy","start":6857.27,"end":6857.55},{"text":"constitutional","start":6857.55,"end":6858.35},{"text":"protection,","start":6858.35,"end":6858.99},{"text":"the","start":6859.23,"end":6859.39},{"text":"High","start":6859.39,"end":6859.55},{"text":"Court","start":6859.55,"end":6859.87},{"text":"holding","start":6859.87,"end":6860.27},{"text":"in","start":6860.27,"end":6860.47},{"text":"November","start":6860.47,"end":6860.87},{"text":"2025","start":6860.87,"end":6861.79},{"text":"that","start":6862.19,"end":6862.43},{"text":"seed","start":6862.43,"end":6862.71},{"text":"sharing","start":6862.71,"end":6863.15},{"text":"is","start":6863.23,"end":6863.47},{"text":"not","start":6863.47,"end":6863.79},{"text":"a","start":6863.79,"end":6863.87},{"text":"crime,","start":6863.87,"end":6864.35},{"text":"a","start":6864.75,"end":6864.83},{"text":"ruling","start":6864.83,"end":6865.23},{"text":"of","start":6865.23,"end":6865.39},{"text":"significance","start":6865.39,"end":6866.19},{"text":"well","start":6866.19,"end":6866.59},{"text":"beyond","start":6866.59,"end":6866.95},{"text":"Kenya's","start":6866.95,"end":6867.31},{"text":"borders.","start":6867.31,"end":6867.95}]},{"text":"Distinguished delegates, I wish to highlight some key recommendations aimed at building on this progress.","start":6868.31,"end":6874.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":6868.31,"end":6868.91},{"text":"delegates,","start":6868.91,"end":6869.47},{"text":"I","start":6869.79,"end":6869.95},{"text":"wish","start":6869.95,"end":6870.15},{"text":"to","start":6870.15,"end":6870.23},{"text":"highlight","start":6870.23,"end":6870.83},{"text":"some","start":6871.47,"end":6871.71},{"text":"key","start":6871.95,"end":6872.19},{"text":"recommendations","start":6872.19,"end":6873.07},{"text":"aimed","start":6873.15,"end":6873.55},{"text":"at","start":6873.55,"end":6873.71},{"text":"building","start":6873.71,"end":6874.03},{"text":"on","start":6874.03,"end":6874.11},{"text":"this","start":6874.11,"end":6874.31},{"text":"progress.","start":6874.31,"end":6874.99}]},{"text":"We call upon states to recognize and legally protect the right of peasants to save, use, exchange, and sell farm-saved seed and propagating material, ensuring that plant variety protection and biosafety laws do not criminalize traditional seed systems.","start":6875.39,"end":6891.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6875.39,"end":6875.55},{"text":"call","start":6875.55,"end":6875.87},{"text":"upon","start":6875.87,"end":6876.11},{"text":"states","start":6876.11,"end":6876.59},{"text":"to","start":6876.59,"end":6876.71},{"text":"recognize","start":6876.71,"end":6877.47},{"text":"and","start":6877.87,"end":6878.07},{"text":"legally","start":6878.11,"end":6878.47},{"text":"protect","start":6878.47,"end":6878.95},{"text":"the","start":6878.95,"end":6879.07},{"text":"right","start":6879.07,"end":6879.39},{"text":"of","start":6879.39,"end":6879.47},{"text":"peasants","start":6879.47,"end":6880.03},{"text":"to","start":6880.03,"end":6880.19},{"text":"save,","start":6880.19,"end":6880.67},{"text":"use,","start":6880.67,"end":6881.07},{"text":"exchange,","start":6881.07,"end":6881.79},{"text":"and","start":6881.79,"end":6881.95},{"text":"sell","start":6881.95,"end":6882.35},{"text":"farm-saved","start":6882.35,"end":6882.95},{"text":"seed","start":6882.95,"end":6883.27},{"text":"and","start":6883.27,"end":6883.39},{"text":"propagating","start":6883.39,"end":6883.91},{"text":"material,","start":6883.91,"end":6884.51},{"text":"ensuring","start":6884.91,"end":6885.55},{"text":"that","start":6885.79,"end":6886.03},{"text":"plant","start":6886.03,"end":6886.35},{"text":"variety","start":6886.35,"end":6886.71},{"text":"protection","start":6886.71,"end":6887.39},{"text":"and","start":6887.55,"end":6887.75},{"text":"biosafety","start":6887.75,"end":6888.43},{"text":"laws","start":6888.43,"end":6888.75},{"text":"do","start":6888.75,"end":6888.91},{"text":"not","start":6888.91,"end":6889.19},{"text":"criminalize","start":6889.19,"end":6889.71},{"text":"traditional","start":6889.71,"end":6890.23},{"text":"seed","start":6890.23,"end":6890.51},{"text":"systems.","start":6890.51,"end":6891.15}]},{"text":"Guarantee rural women's equality in seed governance through secure land tenure, equal representation in relevant decision-making bodies, and recognition of women's customary knowledge and role as primary seed custodians.","start":6892.07,"end":6904.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Guarantee","start":6892.07,"end":6892.55},{"text":"rural","start":6892.55,"end":6892.87},{"text":"women's","start":6892.87,"end":6893.27},{"text":"equality","start":6893.27,"end":6893.83},{"text":"in","start":6893.83,"end":6893.99},{"text":"seed","start":6893.99,"end":6894.23},{"text":"governance","start":6894.23,"end":6894.75},{"text":"through","start":6894.75,"end":6894.87},{"text":"secure","start":6894.87,"end":6895.27},{"text":"land","start":6895.27,"end":6895.47},{"text":"tenure,","start":6895.47,"end":6895.91},{"text":"equal","start":6896.23,"end":6896.55},{"text":"representation","start":6896.55,"end":6897.51},{"text":"in","start":6897.51,"end":6897.67},{"text":"relevant","start":6897.67,"end":6898.07},{"text":"decision-making","start":6898.07,"end":6898.79},{"text":"bodies,","start":6898.79,"end":6899.27},{"text":"and","start":6899.51,"end":6899.67},{"text":"recognition","start":6899.67,"end":6900.39},{"text":"of","start":6900.67,"end":6900.75},{"text":"women's","start":6900.75,"end":6901.27},{"text":"customary","start":6901.27,"end":6901.83},{"text":"knowledge","start":6901.83,"end":6902.23},{"text":"and","start":6902.23,"end":6902.39},{"text":"role","start":6902.39,"end":6902.71},{"text":"as","start":6902.71,"end":6902.95},{"text":"primary","start":6902.95,"end":6903.35},{"text":"seed","start":6903.35,"end":6903.59},{"text":"custodians.","start":6903.59,"end":6904.47}]},{"text":"Adopt and implement robust anti-biopiracy laws, including mandatory disclosure of origin of source, on source for genetic resources, and resolve the treatment of digital sequence information, so that dematerialized genetic resources cannot be used to circumvent benefit sharing obligations.","start":6905.03,"end":6924.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Adopt","start":6905.03,"end":6905.51},{"text":"and","start":6905.51,"end":6905.75},{"text":"implement","start":6906.15,"end":6906.71},{"text":"robust","start":6906.71,"end":6907.27},{"text":"anti-biopiracy","start":6907.27,"end":6908.31},{"text":"laws,","start":6908.31,"end":6908.71},{"text":"including","start":6909.03,"end":6909.55},{"text":"mandatory","start":6909.55,"end":6910.03},{"text":"disclosure","start":6910.03,"end":6910.63},{"text":"of","start":6910.63,"end":6910.71},{"text":"origin","start":6910.71,"end":6911.15},{"text":"of","start":6911.15,"end":6911.27},{"text":"source,","start":6911.27,"end":6911.75},{"text":"on","start":6912.39,"end":6912.63},{"text":"source","start":6912.63,"end":6912.99},{"text":"for","start":6912.99,"end":6913.11},{"text":"genetic","start":6913.11,"end":6913.51},{"text":"resources,","start":6913.51,"end":6914.23},{"text":"and","start":6914.39,"end":6914.55},{"text":"resolve","start":6914.55,"end":6914.95},{"text":"the","start":6914.95,"end":6915.07},{"text":"treatment","start":6915.07,"end":6915.67},{"text":"of","start":6915.67,"end":6915.83},{"text":"digital","start":6915.83,"end":6916.63},{"text":"sequence","start":6916.63,"end":6917.11},{"text":"information,","start":6917.11,"end":6917.83},{"text":"so","start":6918.55,"end":6918.63},{"text":"that","start":6918.63,"end":6918.83},{"text":"dematerialized","start":6918.83,"end":6919.71},{"text":"genetic","start":6919.71,"end":6920.15},{"text":"resources","start":6920.15,"end":6920.79},{"text":"cannot","start":6920.79,"end":6921.19},{"text":"be","start":6921.19,"end":6921.35},{"text":"used","start":6921.35,"end":6921.63},{"text":"to","start":6921.63,"end":6921.71},{"text":"circumvent","start":6921.71,"end":6922.55},{"text":"benefit","start":6922.71,"end":6923.19},{"text":"sharing","start":6923.19,"end":6923.51},{"text":"obligations.","start":6923.51,"end":6924.39}]},{"text":"Subject new genomic techniques to independent risk assessment, traceability, and labeling requirements before any deregulation.","start":6925.27,"end":6932.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Subject","start":6925.27,"end":6925.83},{"text":"new","start":6925.83,"end":6925.99},{"text":"genomic","start":6925.99,"end":6926.43},{"text":"techniques","start":6926.43,"end":6927.03},{"text":"to","start":6927.27,"end":6927.43},{"text":"independent","start":6927.43,"end":6928.03},{"text":"risk","start":6928.03,"end":6928.31},{"text":"assessment,","start":6928.31,"end":6928.95},{"text":"traceability,","start":6929.03,"end":6929.99},{"text":"and","start":6929.99,"end":6930.19},{"text":"labeling","start":6930.19,"end":6930.55},{"text":"requirements","start":6930.55,"end":6931.19},{"text":"before","start":6931.19,"end":6931.59},{"text":"any","start":6931.59,"end":6931.91},{"text":"deregulation.","start":6931.91,"end":6932.87}]},{"text":"Support community seed banks and participatory breeding as public goods.","start":6933.43,"end":6937.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Support","start":6933.43,"end":6933.87},{"text":"community","start":6933.87,"end":6934.35},{"text":"seed","start":6934.35,"end":6934.63},{"text":"banks","start":6934.63,"end":6934.91},{"text":"and","start":6934.91,"end":6935.03},{"text":"participatory","start":6935.03,"end":6935.75},{"text":"breeding","start":6935.75,"end":6936.23},{"text":"as","start":6936.23,"end":6936.39},{"text":"public","start":6936.39,"end":6936.83},{"text":"goods.","start":6936.83,"end":6937.27}]},{"text":"In situations of armed conflict, occupation, and other crises, recognize peasant seeds and related infrastructure as civilian objects essential for the survival of the population.","start":6937.99,"end":6948.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6937.99,"end":6938.07},{"text":"situations","start":6938.07,"end":6938.79},{"text":"of","start":6938.79,"end":6938.87},{"text":"armed","start":6938.87,"end":6939.11},{"text":"conflict,","start":6939.11,"end":6939.75},{"text":"occupation,","start":6939.91,"end":6940.71},{"text":"and","start":6940.71,"end":6940.83},{"text":"other","start":6940.83,"end":6940.99},{"text":"crises,","start":6940.99,"end":6941.59},{"text":"recognize","start":6941.83,"end":6942.47},{"text":"peasant","start":6942.47,"end":6942.83},{"text":"seeds","start":6942.83,"end":6943.35},{"text":"and","start":6943.35,"end":6943.55},{"text":"related","start":6943.55,"end":6944.07},{"text":"infrastructure","start":6944.07,"end":6944.79},{"text":"as","start":6944.79,"end":6944.87},{"text":"civilian","start":6944.87,"end":6945.43},{"text":"objects","start":6945.43,"end":6945.91},{"text":"essential","start":6946.15,"end":6946.79},{"text":"for","start":6946.95,"end":6947.11},{"text":"the","start":6947.11,"end":6947.27},{"text":"survival","start":6947.27,"end":6947.83},{"text":"of","start":6947.99,"end":6948.15},{"text":"the","start":6948.15,"end":6948.23},{"text":"population.","start":6948.23,"end":6948.95}]},{"text":"Excellencies, I turn now to our visit to Ghana.","start":6949.91,"end":6953.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":6949.91,"end":6950.95},{"text":"I","start":6951.43,"end":6951.59},{"text":"turn","start":6951.59,"end":6951.87},{"text":"now","start":6951.87,"end":6951.99},{"text":"to","start":6951.99,"end":6952.11},{"text":"our","start":6952.11,"end":6952.23},{"text":"visit","start":6952.23,"end":6952.59},{"text":"to","start":6952.59,"end":6952.71},{"text":"Ghana.","start":6952.71,"end":6953.11}]},{"text":"We are grateful to the government for its invitation and to the farming, fishing, and pastoralist communities, traditional authorities, civil society organizations, and officials who engaged with us.","start":6953.51,"end":6964.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6953.51,"end":6953.71},{"text":"are","start":6953.71,"end":6953.83},{"text":"grateful","start":6953.83,"end":6954.39},{"text":"to","start":6954.47,"end":6955.19},{"text":"the","start":6955.19,"end":6955.31},{"text":"government","start":6955.31,"end":6955.75},{"text":"for","start":6955.75,"end":6955.91},{"text":"its","start":6955.91,"end":6956.03},{"text":"invitation","start":6956.03,"end":6956.79},{"text":"and","start":6957.03,"end":6957.27},{"text":"to","start":6957.27,"end":6957.35},{"text":"the","start":6957.35,"end":6957.43},{"text":"farming,","start":6957.43,"end":6957.91},{"text":"fishing,","start":6957.91,"end":6958.27},{"text":"and","start":6958.27,"end":6958.39},{"text":"pastoralist","start":6958.39,"end":6958.99},{"text":"communities,","start":6958.99,"end":6959.75},{"text":"traditional","start":6959.91,"end":6960.47},{"text":"authorities,","start":6960.47,"end":6961.27},{"text":"civil","start":6961.51,"end":6961.83},{"text":"society","start":6961.83,"end":6962.39},{"text":"organizations,","start":6962.39,"end":6963.15},{"text":"and","start":6963.15,"end":6963.27},{"text":"officials","start":6963.27,"end":6963.91},{"text":"who","start":6963.91,"end":6963.99},{"text":"engaged","start":6963.99,"end":6964.43},{"text":"with","start":6964.43,"end":6964.63},{"text":"us.","start":6964.67,"end":6964.95}]},{"text":"Ghana presents a compelling case study in the implementation of UNDROP, highlighted by legislative milestones such as the Fisheries and Aquaculture Act of 2025, the Social Protection Act 2025, the Affirmative Action Act 2024, and the ratification of ILO Convention 188.","start":6965.99,"end":6984.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ghana","start":6965.99,"end":6966.27},{"text":"presents","start":6966.27,"end":6966.83},{"text":"a","start":6966.83,"end":6966.91},{"text":"compelling","start":6966.91,"end":6967.47},{"text":"case","start":6967.47,"end":6967.67},{"text":"study","start":6967.67,"end":6968.03},{"text":"in","start":6968.03,"end":6968.19},{"text":"the","start":6968.19,"end":6968.31},{"text":"implementation","start":6968.31,"end":6969.07},{"text":"of","start":6969.07,"end":6969.19},{"text":"UNDROP,","start":6969.19,"end":6970.15},{"text":"highlighted","start":6970.19,"end":6970.87},{"text":"by","start":6970.87,"end":6970.99},{"text":"legislative","start":6970.99,"end":6971.67},{"text":"milestones","start":6971.67,"end":6972.51},{"text":"such","start":6972.75,"end":6973.03},{"text":"as","start":6973.03,"end":6973.15},{"text":"the","start":6973.15,"end":6973.23},{"text":"Fisheries","start":6973.23,"end":6973.71},{"text":"and","start":6973.71,"end":6973.83},{"text":"Aquaculture","start":6973.83,"end":6974.43},{"text":"Act","start":6974.43,"end":6974.63},{"text":"of","start":6974.63,"end":6974.75},{"text":"2025,","start":6974.75,"end":6975.71},{"text":"the","start":6976.11,"end":6976.27},{"text":"Social","start":6976.27,"end":6976.59},{"text":"Protection","start":6976.59,"end":6977.23},{"text":"Act","start":6977.23,"end":6977.47},{"text":"2025,","start":6977.55,"end":6978.35},{"text":"the","start":6978.75,"end":6978.87},{"text":"Affirmative","start":6978.87,"end":6979.47},{"text":"Action","start":6979.47,"end":6979.87},{"text":"Act","start":6979.87,"end":6980.35},{"text":"2024,","start":6980.35,"end":6981.07},{"text":"and","start":6981.31,"end":6981.47},{"text":"the","start":6981.47,"end":6981.55},{"text":"ratification","start":6981.55,"end":6982.51},{"text":"of","start":6982.51,"end":6982.59},{"text":"ILO","start":6982.59,"end":6982.91},{"text":"Convention","start":6982.91,"end":6983.51},{"text":"188.","start":6983.51,"end":6984.35}]},{"text":"However, a persistent implementation gap leaves family subsistence farmers, artisanal fishers, and pastoralists who generate 80% of Ghana's domestic food supply, exposed to poverty and exclusion from export-oriented agricultural shifts.","start":6984.91,"end":6999.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6984.91,"end":6985.55},{"text":"a","start":6985.79,"end":6985.87},{"text":"persistent","start":6985.87,"end":6986.47},{"text":"implementation","start":6986.47,"end":6987.23},{"text":"gap","start":6987.23,"end":6987.63},{"text":"leaves","start":6987.79,"end":6988.11},{"text":"family","start":6988.11,"end":6988.47},{"text":"subsistence","start":6988.47,"end":6989.15},{"text":"farmers,","start":6989.15,"end":6989.63},{"text":"artisanal","start":6989.87,"end":6990.47},{"text":"fishers,","start":6990.51,"end":6990.87},{"text":"and","start":6990.87,"end":6990.99},{"text":"pastoralists","start":6990.99,"end":6991.79},{"text":"who","start":6992.15,"end":6992.23},{"text":"generate","start":6992.23,"end":6993.59},{"text":"80%","start":6993.59,"end":6993.63},{"text":"of","start":6993.63,"end":6993.75},{"text":"Ghana's","start":6993.75,"end":6994.07},{"text":"domestic","start":6994.07,"end":6994.51},{"text":"food","start":6994.51,"end":6994.71},{"text":"supply,","start":6994.71,"end":6995.27},{"text":"exposed","start":6995.43,"end":6995.95},{"text":"to","start":6995.95,"end":6996.07},{"text":"poverty","start":6996.07,"end":6996.55},{"text":"and","start":6996.55,"end":6996.67},{"text":"exclusion","start":6996.67,"end":6997.35},{"text":"from","start":6997.59,"end":6997.83},{"text":"export-oriented","start":6997.83,"end":6998.87},{"text":"agricultural","start":6998.87,"end":6999.51},{"text":"shifts.","start":6999.51,"end":6999.99}]},{"text":"Three findings warrant particular attention.","start":7000.63,"end":7003.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Three","start":7000.63,"end":7000.87},{"text":"findings","start":7000.87,"end":7001.59},{"text":"warrant","start":7001.59,"end":7001.91},{"text":"particular","start":7001.91,"end":7002.47},{"text":"attention.","start":7002.47,"end":7003.11}]},{"text":"First, Ghana's plural land tenure system leaves customary land users vulnerable to dispossession as land is leased or commodified, a vulnerability compounded for women, youth, and older farmers.","start":7003.51,"end":7016.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7003.51,"end":7003.99},{"text":"Ghana's","start":7004.23,"end":7004.79},{"text":"plural","start":7004.79,"end":7005.31},{"text":"land","start":7005.31,"end":7005.67},{"text":"tenure","start":7005.83,"end":7006.15},{"text":"system","start":7006.15,"end":7006.71},{"text":"leaves","start":7007.11,"end":7007.43},{"text":"customary","start":7007.43,"end":7008.07},{"text":"land","start":7008.07,"end":7008.31},{"text":"users","start":7008.31,"end":7008.79},{"text":"vulnerable","start":7008.79,"end":7009.31},{"text":"to","start":7009.31,"end":7009.43},{"text":"dispossession","start":7009.43,"end":7010.63},{"text":"as","start":7010.79,"end":7011.11},{"text":"land","start":7011.11,"end":7011.35},{"text":"is","start":7011.35,"end":7011.51},{"text":"leased","start":7011.51,"end":7011.75},{"text":"or","start":7011.75,"end":7011.87},{"text":"commodified,","start":7011.87,"end":7012.55},{"text":"a","start":7012.95,"end":7013.03},{"text":"vulnerability","start":7013.03,"end":7013.67},{"text":"compounded","start":7013.67,"end":7014.39},{"text":"for","start":7014.47,"end":7014.71},{"text":"women,","start":7014.71,"end":7015.03},{"text":"youth,","start":7015.03,"end":7015.35},{"text":"and","start":7015.35,"end":7015.55},{"text":"older","start":7015.55,"end":7015.75},{"text":"farmers.","start":7015.75,"end":7016.39}]},{"text":"Second, illegal small-scale gold mining, or galamsey, remains the country's most acute environmental and human rights emergency, contaminating rivers and farmland and foreclosing the futures of rural youth who lack viable alternatives.","start":7016.91,"end":7031.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7016.91,"end":7017.27},{"text":"illegal","start":7017.59,"end":7018.15},{"text":"small-scale","start":7018.15,"end":7018.79},{"text":"gold","start":7018.79,"end":7019.19},{"text":"mining,","start":7019.19,"end":7019.67},{"text":"or","start":7019.67,"end":7019.91},{"text":"galamsey,","start":7019.91,"end":7020.63},{"text":"remains","start":7020.87,"end":7021.35},{"text":"the","start":7021.35,"end":7021.43},{"text":"country's","start":7021.43,"end":7021.95},{"text":"most","start":7021.95,"end":7022.15},{"text":"acute","start":7022.15,"end":7022.71},{"text":"environmental","start":7022.79,"end":7023.59},{"text":"and","start":7023.67,"end":7023.79},{"text":"human","start":7023.79,"end":7024.07},{"text":"rights","start":7024.07,"end":7024.31},{"text":"emergency,","start":7024.31,"end":7025.03},{"text":"contaminating","start":7025.43,"end":7026.23},{"text":"rivers","start":7026.23,"end":7026.51},{"text":"and","start":7026.51,"end":7026.63},{"text":"farmland","start":7026.63,"end":7027.19},{"text":"and","start":7027.35,"end":7027.55},{"text":"foreclosing","start":7027.55,"end":7028.15},{"text":"the","start":7028.15,"end":7028.23},{"text":"futures","start":7028.23,"end":7028.79},{"text":"of","start":7028.79,"end":7028.91},{"text":"rural","start":7028.91,"end":7029.19},{"text":"youth","start":7029.19,"end":7029.39},{"text":"who","start":7029.67,"end":7029.83},{"text":"lack","start":7029.83,"end":7030.07},{"text":"viable","start":7030.07,"end":7030.47},{"text":"alternatives.","start":7030.47,"end":7031.19}]},{"text":"We welcome the government's confirmation that redirecting enforcement towards the financiers behind mechanized galamsey remains a priority.","start":7031.51,"end":7038.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7031.51,"end":7031.67},{"text":"welcome","start":7031.67,"end":7031.99},{"text":"the","start":7031.99,"end":7032.07},{"text":"government's","start":7032.07,"end":7032.59},{"text":"confirmation","start":7032.59,"end":7033.19},{"text":"that","start":7033.19,"end":7033.35},{"text":"redirecting","start":7033.35,"end":7033.95},{"text":"enforcement","start":7033.95,"end":7034.67},{"text":"towards","start":7034.67,"end":7034.95},{"text":"the","start":7034.95,"end":7035.03},{"text":"financiers","start":7035.03,"end":7035.91},{"text":"behind","start":7036.23,"end":7036.55},{"text":"mechanized","start":7036.55,"end":7036.99},{"text":"galamsey","start":7036.99,"end":7037.43},{"text":"remains","start":7037.43,"end":7037.75},{"text":"a","start":7037.75,"end":7037.83},{"text":"priority.","start":7037.83,"end":7038.47}]},{"text":"Third, and directly relevant to the SEEDS report I have just presented, Farmer-managed seed systems in Ghana face growing pressure from certification and biotechnology-focused reforms that privilege commercial varieties.","start":7038.87,"end":7050.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7038.87,"end":7039.19},{"text":"and","start":7039.19,"end":7039.39},{"text":"directly","start":7039.39,"end":7039.83},{"text":"relevant","start":7039.83,"end":7040.19},{"text":"to","start":7040.19,"end":7040.31},{"text":"the","start":7040.31,"end":7040.43},{"text":"SEEDS","start":7040.43,"end":7040.71},{"text":"report","start":7040.71,"end":7041.03},{"text":"I","start":7041.03,"end":7041.07},{"text":"have","start":7041.07,"end":7041.19},{"text":"just","start":7041.19,"end":7041.39},{"text":"presented,","start":7041.39,"end":7041.99},{"text":"Farmer-managed","start":7042.59,"end":7043.23},{"text":"seed","start":7043.23,"end":7043.43},{"text":"systems","start":7043.43,"end":7043.95},{"text":"in","start":7043.95,"end":7044.11},{"text":"Ghana","start":7044.11,"end":7044.51},{"text":"face","start":7044.75,"end":7044.99},{"text":"growing","start":7044.99,"end":7045.27},{"text":"pressure","start":7045.27,"end":7045.59},{"text":"from","start":7045.59,"end":7045.75},{"text":"certification","start":7045.75,"end":7046.59},{"text":"and","start":7046.75,"end":7046.91},{"text":"biotechnology-focused","start":7046.91,"end":7048.19},{"text":"reforms","start":7048.19,"end":7048.59},{"text":"that","start":7048.59,"end":7048.71},{"text":"privilege","start":7048.71,"end":7049.15},{"text":"commercial","start":7049.15,"end":7049.59},{"text":"varieties.","start":7049.59,"end":7050.35}]},{"text":"The Plant Variety Protection Act 2020 conditions legal recognition on distinctness, uniformity, and stability, criteria that contravene the very nature of heterogeneous traditional varieties and prescribe 10 to 15 years imprisonment for the unauthorized sale of protected 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also remain concerned by the 2024 release of genetically modified BT Calpi, a daily protein staple, following an approval process that civil society said lacked adequate grassroots 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are encouraged that the Government is reviewing the Plant Variety Protection Act and urge that peasants and farmers are meaningfully engaged to ensure alignment with 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welcome the government's constructive comments, and we remain convinced that our central recommendations to institutionalize meaningful participation of farmers, fishers, and pastoralists in decisions affecting their livelihoods, to strengthen enforcement of the Land Act 2020, to identify and hold accountable the financiers and enablers of galamsey, and to safeguard farmer-managed seed systems as Ghana modernizes its agricultural sector remain valid and 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appreciate again the government's confirmation that several such steps are already underway, and we look forward to continuing cooperation in their full 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President, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, we thank all of you for your attention, and we look forward to the interactive 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you again.","start":7139.79,"end":7140.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7139.79,"end":7140.03},{"text":"you","start":7140.03,"end":7140.15},{"text":"again.","start":7140.15,"end":7140.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Sharmali Guttal","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":117,"start":7143.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7144","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":7143.19,"end":7143.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":7143.19,"end":7143.43},{"text":"gracias.","start":7143.47,"end":7143.99}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":7144.27,"end":7145.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7144.27,"end":7144.59},{"text":"you","start":7144.59,"end":7144.91},{"text":"very","start":7144.91,"end":7145.11},{"text":"much.","start":7145.15,"end":7145.39}]},{"text":"In accordance with our practice, we will now hear from the delegation of the country concerned.","start":7146.55,"end":7151.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7146.55,"end":7146.67},{"text":"accordance","start":7146.67,"end":7147.27},{"text":"with","start":7147.27,"end":7147.43},{"text":"our","start":7147.43,"end":7147.51},{"text":"practice,","start":7147.51,"end":7148.07},{"text":"we","start":7148.07,"end":7148.15},{"text":"will","start":7148.15,"end":7148.27},{"text":"now","start":7148.27,"end":7148.47},{"text":"hear","start":7148.47,"end":7148.87},{"text":"from","start":7148.87,"end":7149.43},{"text":"the","start":7149.43,"end":7149.63},{"text":"delegation","start":7149.67,"end":7150.35},{"text":"of","start":7150.35,"end":7150.47},{"text":"the","start":7150.47,"end":7150.55},{"text":"country","start":7150.55,"end":7150.95},{"text":"concerned.","start":7150.95,"end":7151.51}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ghana.","start":7152.07,"end":7155.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7152.07,"end":7152.23},{"text":"give","start":7152.23,"end":7152.35},{"text":"the","start":7152.35,"end":7152.47},{"text":"floor","start":7152.47,"end":7152.79},{"text":"to","start":7152.79,"end":7152.91},{"text":"the","start":7152.91,"end":7152.99},{"text":"distinguished","start":7152.99,"end":7153.59},{"text":"representative","start":7153.59,"end":7154.31},{"text":"of","start":7155.15,"end":7155.35},{"text":"Ghana.","start":7155.35,"end":7155.83}]},{"text":"You have five minutes.","start":7156.31,"end":7157.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":7156.31,"end":7156.55},{"text":"have","start":7156.55,"end":7156.87},{"text":"five","start":7156.87,"end":7157.35},{"text":"minutes.","start":7157.35,"end":7157.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":118,"start":7159.27,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7160","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice-President. The Government of Ghana welcomes the report of the Working Group on the Rights of Peasants and Other People Working in Rural Areas following its visit to Ghana from 5 to 14 May 2026.","start":7159.27,"end":7171.03,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7159.27,"end":7159.59},{"text":"you,","start":7159.59,"end":7159.67},{"text":"Mr.","start":7159.67,"end":7159.95},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":7159.95,"end":7160.71},{"text":"The","start":7161.03,"end":7161.15},{"text":"Government","start":7161.19,"end":7161.55},{"text":"of","start":7161.55,"end":7161.67},{"text":"Ghana","start":7161.67,"end":7161.91},{"text":"welcomes","start":7161.91,"end":7162.35},{"text":"the","start":7162.35,"end":7162.47},{"text":"report","start":7162.47,"end":7162.95},{"text":"of","start":7162.95,"end":7163.03},{"text":"the","start":7163.03,"end":7163.15},{"text":"Working","start":7163.15,"end":7163.55},{"text":"Group","start":7163.55,"end":7163.91},{"text":"on","start":7164.07,"end":7164.23},{"text":"the","start":7164.23,"end":7164.35},{"text":"Rights","start":7164.35,"end":7164.71},{"text":"of","start":7164.71,"end":7164.79},{"text":"Peasants","start":7164.79,"end":7165.35},{"text":"and","start":7165.35,"end":7165.47},{"text":"Other","start":7165.47,"end":7165.63},{"text":"People","start":7165.63,"end":7165.83},{"text":"Working","start":7165.83,"end":7166.15},{"text":"in","start":7166.15,"end":7166.23},{"text":"Rural","start":7166.23,"end":7166.55},{"text":"Areas","start":7166.63,"end":7167.11},{"text":"following","start":7167.35,"end":7167.75},{"text":"its","start":7167.75,"end":7167.87},{"text":"visit","start":7167.87,"end":7168.35},{"text":"to","start":7168.35,"end":7168.43},{"text":"Ghana","start":7168.43,"end":7168.79},{"text":"from","start":7168.79,"end":7168.99},{"text":"5","start":7168.99,"end":7169.27},{"text":"to","start":7169.27,"end":7169.55},{"text":"14","start":7169.55,"end":7170.03},{"text":"May","start":7170.03,"end":7170.15},{"text":"2026.","start":7170.15,"end":7171.03}]},{"text":"We appreciate the working group's engagement with government institutions, local communities, civil society, and other stakeholders.","start":7171.75,"end":7178.07,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7171.75,"end":7171.83},{"text":"appreciate","start":7171.83,"end":7172.27},{"text":"the","start":7172.27,"end":7172.35},{"text":"working","start":7172.35,"end":7172.63},{"text":"group's","start":7172.63,"end":7172.95},{"text":"engagement","start":7172.95,"end":7173.55},{"text":"with","start":7173.55,"end":7173.83},{"text":"government","start":7173.83,"end":7174.19},{"text":"institutions,","start":7174.19,"end":7174.95},{"text":"local","start":7174.95,"end":7175.31},{"text":"communities,","start":7175.31,"end":7175.99},{"text":"civil","start":7175.99,"end":7176.35},{"text":"society,","start":7176.35,"end":7176.95},{"text":"and","start":7176.95,"end":7177.15},{"text":"other","start":7177.15,"end":7177.35},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":7177.35,"end":7178.07}]},{"text":"We value the opportunity to reflect constructively on the situation of rural populations in Ghana.","start":7178.47,"end":7183.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7178.47,"end":7178.67},{"text":"value","start":7178.67,"end":7178.99},{"text":"the","start":7178.99,"end":7179.07},{"text":"opportunity","start":7179.07,"end":7179.67},{"text":"to","start":7179.67,"end":7179.79},{"text":"reflect","start":7179.79,"end":7180.23},{"text":"constructively","start":7180.23,"end":7181.03},{"text":"on","start":7181.03,"end":7181.27},{"text":"the","start":7181.27,"end":7181.35},{"text":"situation","start":7181.35,"end":7181.87},{"text":"of","start":7181.87,"end":7181.99},{"text":"rural","start":7181.99,"end":7182.23},{"text":"populations","start":7182.23,"end":7182.95},{"text":"in","start":7182.95,"end":7183.15},{"text":"Ghana.","start":7183.15,"end":7183.59}]},{"text":"Ghana recognizes the vital contribution of smallholder farmers, artisanal fishers, pastoralists, agricultural workers, and other rural populations to food security, employment, livelihoods, and national development.","start":7184.31,"end":7197.03,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Ghana has established a comprehensive legal and policy framework relevant to the rights and welfare of rural communities, we acknowledge that effective implementation remains essential to ensuring that these protections translate into meaningful and tangible outcomes at the community 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development priorities place considerable emphasis on strengthening rural livelihoods and promoting inclusive agricultural development.","start":7214.51,"end":7222.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ghana's","start":7214.51,"end":7214.95},{"text":"development","start":7215.23,"end":7215.99},{"text":"priorities","start":7215.99,"end":7216.51},{"text":"place","start":7216.51,"end":7216.83},{"text":"considerable","start":7216.83,"end":7217.47},{"text":"emphasis","start":7217.47,"end":7218.03},{"text":"on","start":7218.03,"end":7218.15},{"text":"strengthening","start":7218.15,"end":7218.63},{"text":"rural","start":7218.63,"end":7219.07},{"text":"livelihoods","start":7219.07,"end":7219.71},{"text":"and","start":7219.71,"end":7219.87},{"text":"promoting","start":7219.87,"end":7220.55},{"text":"inclusive","start":7220.55,"end":7221.07},{"text":"agricultural","start":7221.07,"end":7221.67},{"text":"development.","start":7221.67,"end":7222.35}]},{"text":"The Feed Ghana program seeks to increase domestic food production, agricultural productivity, and food security, while addressing critical constraints relating to post-harvest management, storage, processing, and market access.","start":7222.95,"end":7235.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7222.95,"end":7223.03},{"text":"Feed","start":7223.03,"end":7223.27},{"text":"Ghana","start":7223.27,"end":7223.51},{"text":"program","start":7223.51,"end":7223.91},{"text":"seeks","start":7223.91,"end":7224.23},{"text":"to","start":7224.23,"end":7224.31},{"text":"increase","start":7224.31,"end":7225.03},{"text":"domestic","start":7225.19,"end":7225.67},{"text":"food","start":7225.67,"end":7225.87},{"text":"production,","start":7225.87,"end":7226.55},{"text":"agricultural","start":7226.55,"end":7227.15},{"text":"productivity,","start":7227.15,"end":7227.83},{"text":"and","start":7227.83,"end":7228.07},{"text":"food","start":7228.07,"end":7228.27},{"text":"security,","start":7228.27,"end":7229.03},{"text":"while","start":7229.27,"end":7229.59},{"text":"addressing","start":7229.59,"end":7230.15},{"text":"critical","start":7230.15,"end":7230.63},{"text":"constraints","start":7230.63,"end":7231.19},{"text":"relating","start":7231.19,"end":7231.63},{"text":"to","start":7231.63,"end":7231.75},{"text":"post-harvest","start":7231.75,"end":7232.39},{"text":"management,","start":7232.39,"end":7232.95},{"text":"storage,","start":7233.19,"end":7233.75},{"text":"processing,","start":7233.75,"end":7234.31},{"text":"and","start":7234.31,"end":7234.51},{"text":"market","start":7234.51,"end":7234.87},{"text":"access.","start":7234.87,"end":7235.35}]},{"text":"Particular attention is directed towards smallholder farmers and rural communities whose productive capacity is central to resilient and sustainable food systems.","start":7235.79,"end":7244.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Particular","start":7235.79,"end":7236.31},{"text":"attention","start":7236.31,"end":7236.71},{"text":"is","start":7236.71,"end":7236.91},{"text":"directed","start":7236.91,"end":7237.31},{"text":"towards","start":7237.31,"end":7237.83},{"text":"smallholder","start":7237.91,"end":7238.63},{"text":"farmers","start":7238.63,"end":7239.03},{"text":"and","start":7239.03,"end":7239.31},{"text":"rural","start":7239.31,"end":7239.59},{"text":"communities","start":7239.59,"end":7240.31},{"text":"whose","start":7240.55,"end":7240.83},{"text":"productive","start":7240.83,"end":7241.31},{"text":"capacity","start":7241.31,"end":7241.99},{"text":"is","start":7241.99,"end":7242.11},{"text":"central","start":7242.11,"end":7242.55},{"text":"to","start":7242.55,"end":7242.67},{"text":"resilient","start":7242.67,"end":7243.27},{"text":"and","start":7243.27,"end":7243.47},{"text":"sustainable","start":7243.47,"end":7244.07},{"text":"food","start":7244.07,"end":7244.31},{"text":"systems.","start":7244.31,"end":7244.87}]},{"text":"Land remains fundamental to the livelihoods and economic security of rural populations.","start":7245.83,"end":7250.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Land","start":7245.83,"end":7246.07},{"text":"remains","start":7246.07,"end":7246.71},{"text":"fundamental","start":7246.71,"end":7247.35},{"text":"to","start":7247.35,"end":7247.51},{"text":"the","start":7247.51,"end":7247.59},{"text":"livelihoods","start":7247.59,"end":7248.31},{"text":"and","start":7248.31,"end":7248.51},{"text":"economic","start":7248.51,"end":7249.11},{"text":"security","start":7249.11,"end":7249.67},{"text":"of","start":7249.75,"end":7249.87},{"text":"rural","start":7249.87,"end":7250.15},{"text":"populations.","start":7250.15,"end":7250.87}]},{"text":"Ghana continues to implement the Land Act 2020, including measures aimed at strengthening customary land administration and promoting greater transparency and accountability in land governance.","start":7251.27,"end":7262.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ghana","start":7251.27,"end":7251.55},{"text":"continues","start":7251.55,"end":7252.07},{"text":"to","start":7252.07,"end":7252.19},{"text":"implement","start":7252.19,"end":7252.67},{"text":"the","start":7252.67,"end":7252.75},{"text":"Land","start":7252.75,"end":7253.03},{"text":"Act","start":7253.03,"end":7253.43},{"text":"2020,","start":7253.51,"end":7254.11},{"text":"including","start":7254.15,"end":7254.75},{"text":"measures","start":7254.75,"end":7255.19},{"text":"aimed","start":7255.19,"end":7255.59},{"text":"at","start":7255.83,"end":7256.03},{"text":"strengthening","start":7256.03,"end":7256.59},{"text":"customary","start":7256.59,"end":7257.15},{"text":"land","start":7257.15,"end":7257.43},{"text":"administration","start":7257.43,"end":7258.23},{"text":"and","start":7258.23,"end":7258.55},{"text":"promoting","start":7258.55,"end":7259.19},{"text":"greater","start":7259.19,"end":7259.51},{"text":"transparency","start":7259.51,"end":7260.47},{"text":"and","start":7260.71,"end":7260.95},{"text":"accountability","start":7260.95,"end":7261.67},{"text":"in","start":7261.67,"end":7261.83},{"text":"land","start":7261.83,"end":7262.03},{"text":"governance.","start":7262.03,"end":7262.63}]},{"text":"ensuring that land governance processes are responsive to the interests of smallholder farmers and other vulnerable rural communities remain an important priority.","start":7263.59,"end":7272.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"ensuring","start":7263.59,"end":7264.11},{"text":"that","start":7264.11,"end":7264.23},{"text":"land","start":7264.23,"end":7264.47},{"text":"governance","start":7264.47,"end":7264.87},{"text":"processes","start":7264.87,"end":7265.23},{"text":"are","start":7265.23,"end":7265.51},{"text":"responsive","start":7265.51,"end":7266.11},{"text":"to","start":7266.11,"end":7266.35},{"text":"the","start":7266.35,"end":7266.43},{"text":"interests","start":7266.43,"end":7266.95},{"text":"of","start":7266.95,"end":7267.03},{"text":"smallholder","start":7267.03,"end":7267.63},{"text":"farmers","start":7267.63,"end":7268.11},{"text":"and","start":7268.43,"end":7268.75},{"text":"other","start":7268.83,"end":7269.23},{"text":"vulnerable","start":7269.23,"end":7269.79},{"text":"rural","start":7269.79,"end":7270.19},{"text":"communities","start":7270.19,"end":7270.67},{"text":"remain","start":7270.67,"end":7270.95},{"text":"an","start":7270.95,"end":7271.07},{"text":"important","start":7271.07,"end":7271.63},{"text":"priority.","start":7271.63,"end":7272.19}]},{"text":"Ghana further recognizes that rural development must be underpinned by meaningful consultation, stakeholder participation, and access to relevant information, particularly in decisions affecting land, natural resources, and livelihoods.","start":7272.75,"end":7285.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ghana","start":7272.75,"end":7273.03},{"text":"further","start":7273.07,"end":7273.39},{"text":"recognizes","start":7273.39,"end":7273.99},{"text":"that","start":7273.99,"end":7274.11},{"text":"rural","start":7274.11,"end":7274.43},{"text":"development","start":7274.43,"end":7274.99},{"text":"must","start":7274.99,"end":7275.47},{"text":"be","start":7275.47,"end":7275.79},{"text":"underpinned","start":7275.79,"end":7276.51},{"text":"by","start":7276.51,"end":7276.67},{"text":"meaningful","start":7276.67,"end":7277.15},{"text":"consultation,","start":7277.15,"end":7278.03},{"text":"stakeholder","start":7278.27,"end":7278.99},{"text":"participation,","start":7278.99,"end":7279.87},{"text":"and","start":7279.87,"end":7280.11},{"text":"access","start":7280.11,"end":7280.51},{"text":"to","start":7280.51,"end":7280.59},{"text":"relevant","start":7280.59,"end":7281.07},{"text":"information,","start":7281.07,"end":7281.79},{"text":"particularly","start":7282.03,"end":7282.67},{"text":"in","start":7282.67,"end":7282.83},{"text":"decisions","start":7282.83,"end":7283.31},{"text":"affecting","start":7283.31,"end":7283.75},{"text":"land,","start":7283.75,"end":7284.11},{"text":"natural","start":7284.11,"end":7284.55},{"text":"resources,","start":7284.55,"end":7285.15},{"text":"and","start":7285.15,"end":7285.27},{"text":"livelihoods.","start":7285.27,"end":7285.95}]},{"text":"With the Vice President, the government of Ghana shares the working group's concern regarding the impact of environmental degradation on rural livelihoods.","start":7286.27,"end":7294.03,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":7286.27,"end":7286.39},{"text":"the","start":7286.39,"end":7286.47},{"text":"Vice","start":7286.47,"end":7286.67},{"text":"President,","start":7286.67,"end":7287.23},{"text":"the","start":7287.47,"end":7287.59},{"text":"government","start":7287.63,"end":7287.99},{"text":"of","start":7287.99,"end":7288.11},{"text":"Ghana","start":7288.11,"end":7288.35},{"text":"shares","start":7288.35,"end":7288.59},{"text":"the","start":7288.59,"end":7288.71},{"text":"working","start":7288.71,"end":7289.03},{"text":"group's","start":7289.03,"end":7289.35},{"text":"concern","start":7289.35,"end":7289.71},{"text":"regarding","start":7289.71,"end":7290.11},{"text":"the","start":7290.11,"end":7290.23},{"text":"impact","start":7290.23,"end":7290.71},{"text":"of","start":7290.71,"end":7290.91},{"text":"environmental","start":7290.91,"end":7291.55},{"text":"degradation","start":7291.55,"end":7292.51},{"text":"on","start":7292.91,"end":7293.07},{"text":"rural","start":7293.07,"end":7293.47},{"text":"livelihoods.","start":7293.59,"end":7294.03}]},{"text":"Illegal small-scale mining, or galamsey, continues to pose serious threats to water resources, agricultural land, forests, and livelihoods of affected communities.","start":7294.51,"end":7303.95,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Government","start":7304.35,"end":7304.75},{"text":"has","start":7304.75,"end":7304.95},{"text":"intensified","start":7304.95,"end":7305.63},{"text":"measures","start":7305.63,"end":7306.03},{"text":"to","start":7306.03,"end":7306.19},{"text":"combat","start":7306.19,"end":7306.67},{"text":"illegal","start":7306.67,"end":7307.07},{"text":"mining,","start":7307.07,"end":7307.55},{"text":"protect","start":7307.79,"end":7308.27},{"text":"water","start":7308.27,"end":7308.59},{"text":"bodies","start":7308.59,"end":7309.07},{"text":"and","start":7309.07,"end":7309.23},{"text":"forest","start":7309.23,"end":7309.63},{"text":"reserves,","start":7309.63,"end":7310.19},{"text":"enforce","start":7310.59,"end":7311.07},{"text":"environmental","start":7311.07,"end":7311.79},{"text":"regulation,","start":7311.79,"end":7312.51},{"text":"and","start":7312.51,"end":7312.75},{"text":"reclaim","start":7312.75,"end":7313.15},{"text":"degraded","start":7313.15,"end":7313.63},{"text":"lands.","start":7313.63,"end":7314.11}]},{"text":"The Government of Ghana also recognizes the unique challenges faced by women farmers, artisanal fishers, and pastoralist communities.","start":7315.47,"end":7322.55,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. 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closed.","start":7410.95,"end":7412.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7410.95,"end":7411.03},{"text":"list","start":7411.03,"end":7411.35},{"text":"of","start":7411.35,"end":7411.43},{"text":"speakers","start":7411.43,"end":7411.91},{"text":"is","start":7411.91,"end":7412.07},{"text":"now","start":7412.07,"end":7412.23},{"text":"closed.","start":7412.23,"end":7412.95}]},{"text":"I now invite interested delegations to ask questions.","start":7416.39,"end":7419.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7416.39,"end":7416.55},{"text":"now","start":7416.55,"end":7416.79},{"text":"invite","start":7416.79,"end":7417.27},{"text":"interested","start":7417.27,"end":7417.75},{"text":"delegations","start":7417.75,"end":7418.63},{"text":"to","start":7418.63,"end":7418.87},{"text":"ask","start":7418.87,"end":7419.15},{"text":"questions.","start":7419.15,"end":7419.83}]},{"text":"to the working group and to make comments on the 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":7453.75,"end":7454.11},{"text":"rights","start":7454.11,"end":7454.47},{"text":"relating","start":7454.47,"end":7455.11},{"text":"to","start":7455.11,"end":7455.23},{"text":"seeds","start":7455.23,"end":7455.67},{"text":"are","start":7455.67,"end":7455.87},{"text":"an","start":7455.87,"end":7455.99},{"text":"integral","start":7455.99,"end":7456.47},{"text":"and","start":7456.47,"end":7456.79},{"text":"indivisible","start":7456.79,"end":7457.43},{"text":"component","start":7457.43,"end":7458.11},{"text":"of","start":7458.15,"end":7458.35},{"text":"the","start":7458.35,"end":7458.47},{"text":"right","start":7458.47,"end":7458.83},{"text":"to","start":7458.83,"end":7458.95},{"text":"adequate","start":7458.95,"end":7459.43},{"text":"food.","start":7459.43,"end":7459.83}]},{"text":"Farmers and peasants are not merely stakeholders to be consulted, but individual rights holders entitled to active, free, meaningful and effective participation in decisions that shape the seed systems they depend on.","start":7460.63,"end":7472.55,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":7495.71,"end":7495.99},{"text":"its","start":7495.99,"end":7496.23},{"text":"335","start":7496.23,"end":7497.67},{"text":"million","start":7497.67,"end":7498.07},{"text":"euros","start":7498.07,"end":7499.19},{"text":"development","start":7499.19,"end":7499.75},{"text":"smart","start":7499.75,"end":7500.39},{"text":"innovation","start":7500.39,"end":7501.03},{"text":"through","start":7501.03,"end":7501.35},{"text":"research","start":7501.35,"end":7501.95},{"text":"and","start":7501.95,"end":7502.11},{"text":"agriculture","start":7502.11,"end":7502.79},{"text":"initiative","start":7502.79,"end":7503.43},{"text":"in","start":7503.75,"end":7503.99},{"text":"Africa,","start":7504.07,"end":7504.47},{"text":"Asia,","start":7504.55,"end":7504.83},{"text":"and","start":7504.83,"end":7504.95},{"text":"Latin","start":7504.95,"end":7505.27},{"text":"America,","start":7505.27,"end":7505.71},{"text":"a","start":7505.71,"end":7505.75},{"text":"key","start":7506.07,"end":7506.39},{"text":"research","start":7506.39,"end":7507.03},{"text":"on","start":7507.03,"end":7507.19},{"text":"policy","start":7507.19,"end":7507.67},{"text":"work","start":7507.67,"end":7507.95},{"text":"tracking","start":7507.95,"end":7508.39},{"text":"seed","start":7508.39,"end":7508.71},{"text":"law","start":7508.71,"end":7508.87},{"text":"harmonization","start":7508.87,"end":7509.75},{"text":"explicitly","start":7509.75,"end":7510.47},{"text":"backs","start":7510.47,"end":7510.87},{"text":"farmers'","start":7510.87,"end":7511.35},{"text":"rights","start":7511.35,"end":7511.59},{"text":"to","start":7511.59,"end":7511.71},{"text":"save,","start":7511.71,"end":7512.15},{"text":"reuse,","start":7512.47,"end":7513.03},{"text":"exchange,","start":7513.07,"end":7513.67},{"text":"and","start":7513.67,"end":7514.03},{"text":"sell","start":7514.03,"end":7514.63},{"text":"farm","start":7514.87,"end":7515.35},{"text":"saved","start":7515.35,"end":7515.99},{"text":"seeds.","start":7515.99,"end":7516.63}]},{"text":"We would like to ask the working group what best practices has it observed in engaging peasants in active, free, transparent and meaningful consultations on seed-related research, legislation and policies.","start":7517.19,"end":7530.71,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7517.19,"end":7517.31},{"text":"would","start":7517.31,"end":7517.47},{"text":"like","start":7517.47,"end":7517.67},{"text":"to","start":7517.67,"end":7518.11},{"text":"ask","start":7518.11,"end":7518.39},{"text":"the","start":7518.39,"end":7518.55},{"text":"working","start":7518.55,"end":7518.99},{"text":"group","start":7518.99,"end":7519.23},{"text":"what","start":7519.63,"end":7520.23},{"text":"best","start":7520.23,"end":7520.71},{"text":"practices","start":7520.71,"end":7521.43},{"text":"has","start":7521.43,"end":7521.67},{"text":"it","start":7521.67,"end":7521.79},{"text":"observed","start":7521.79,"end":7522.47},{"text":"in","start":7522.47,"end":7522.63},{"text":"engaging","start":7522.63,"end":7523.11},{"text":"peasants","start":7523.11,"end":7523.75},{"text":"in","start":7523.75,"end":7523.99},{"text":"active,","start":7523.99,"end":7524.43},{"text":"free,","start":7524.43,"end":7524.63},{"text":"transparent","start":7524.63,"end":7525.31},{"text":"and","start":7525.31,"end":7525.43},{"text":"meaningful","start":7525.43,"end":7525.99},{"text":"consultations","start":7525.99,"end":7527.03},{"text":"on","start":7527.27,"end":7527.51},{"text":"seed-related","start":7527.51,"end":7528.23},{"text":"research,","start":7528.23,"end":7528.87},{"text":"legislation","start":7528.87,"end":7529.75},{"text":"and","start":7529.75,"end":7530.07},{"text":"policies.","start":7530.07,"end":7530.71}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":7530.79,"end":7531.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7530.79,"end":7530.87},{"text":"thank","start":7530.87,"end":7531.19},{"text":"you.","start":7531.19,"end":7531.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"EU","affiliation_full":"EU","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":121,"start":7534.23,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7535","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":7534.23,"end":7535.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7534.23,"end":7534.55},{"text":"you","start":7534.55,"end":7534.67},{"text":"very","start":7534.67,"end":7534.83},{"text":"much.","start":7534.83,"end":7535.11}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya on behalf of the Group of African States.","start":7535.11,"end":7540.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7535.11,"end":7535.19},{"text":"give","start":7535.35,"end":7535.59},{"text":"the","start":7535.59,"end":7535.67},{"text":"floor","start":7535.67,"end":7535.99},{"text":"to","start":7535.99,"end":7536.07},{"text":"the","start":7536.07,"end":7536.15},{"text":"distinguished","start":7536.15,"end":7536.87},{"text":"representative","start":7537.11,"end":7537.83},{"text":"of","start":7537.95,"end":7538.15},{"text":"Kenya","start":7538.23,"end":7538.91},{"text":"on","start":7538.91,"end":7539.03},{"text":"behalf","start":7539.03,"end":7539.39},{"text":"of","start":7539.39,"end":7539.47},{"text":"the","start":7539.47,"end":7539.55},{"text":"Group","start":7539.55,"end":7539.71},{"text":"of","start":7539.71,"end":7539.83},{"text":"African","start":7539.83,"end":7540.23},{"text":"States.","start":7540.23,"end":7540.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":122,"start":7541.83,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7542","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Vice President, I deliver this statement on behalf of the African group.","start":7541.83,"end":7546.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":7541.83,"end":7542.19},{"text":"Vice","start":7542.19,"end":7542.39},{"text":"President,","start":7542.39,"end":7542.95},{"text":"I","start":7543.75,"end":7543.83},{"text":"deliver","start":7543.83,"end":7544.23},{"text":"this","start":7544.23,"end":7544.39},{"text":"statement","start":7544.39,"end":7544.79},{"text":"on","start":7544.79,"end":7544.95},{"text":"behalf","start":7544.95,"end":7545.27},{"text":"of","start":7545.27,"end":7545.35},{"text":"the","start":7545.35,"end":7545.47},{"text":"African","start":7545.47,"end":7545.83},{"text":"group.","start":7545.83,"end":7546.07}]},{"text":"The African Group thanks the Working Group for the presentation of its report on peasants' rights to seeds, an essential component of the rights enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and other people working in rural areas.","start":7546.51,"end":7558.75,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7546.51,"end":7546.63},{"text":"African","start":7546.63,"end":7546.99},{"text":"Group","start":7546.99,"end":7547.23},{"text":"thanks","start":7547.23,"end":7547.47},{"text":"the","start":7547.47,"end":7547.59},{"text":"Working","start":7547.59,"end":7547.91},{"text":"Group","start":7547.91,"end":7548.19},{"text":"for","start":7548.51,"end":7548.63},{"text":"the","start":7548.63,"end":7548.75},{"text":"presentation","start":7548.75,"end":7549.39},{"text":"of","start":7549.39,"end":7549.55},{"text":"its","start":7549.55,"end":7549.71},{"text":"report","start":7549.71,"end":7550.07},{"text":"on","start":7550.07,"end":7550.19},{"text":"peasants'","start":7550.19,"end":7550.67},{"text":"rights","start":7550.67,"end":7550.91},{"text":"to","start":7550.91,"end":7551.03},{"text":"seeds,","start":7551.03,"end":7551.47},{"text":"an","start":7551.87,"end":7551.99},{"text":"essential","start":7551.99,"end":7552.43},{"text":"component","start":7552.43,"end":7552.99},{"text":"of","start":7552.99,"end":7553.07},{"text":"the","start":7553.07,"end":7553.19},{"text":"rights","start":7553.19,"end":7553.43},{"text":"enshrined","start":7553.43,"end":7553.87},{"text":"in","start":7553.87,"end":7553.95},{"text":"the","start":7553.95,"end":7554.03},{"text":"United","start":7554.03,"end":7554.43},{"text":"Nations","start":7554.43,"end":7554.79},{"text":"Declaration","start":7554.79,"end":7555.43},{"text":"on","start":7555.43,"end":7555.51},{"text":"the","start":7555.51,"end":7555.59},{"text":"Rights","start":7555.59,"end":7555.91},{"text":"of","start":7555.91,"end":7555.99},{"text":"Peasants","start":7555.99,"end":7556.51},{"text":"and","start":7556.83,"end":7557.03},{"text":"other","start":7557.03,"end":7557.19},{"text":"people","start":7557.19,"end":7557.51},{"text":"working","start":7557.51,"end":7557.83},{"text":"in","start":7557.83,"end":7557.95},{"text":"rural","start":7557.95,"end":7558.27},{"text":"areas.","start":7558.27,"end":7558.75}]},{"text":"In Africa, where family farming and rural activities remain essential to the livelihoods of many people, seeds represent more than a factor of agricultural production.","start":7559.15,"end":7568.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7559.15,"end":7559.31},{"text":"Africa,","start":7559.31,"end":7559.87},{"text":"where","start":7560.19,"end":7560.43},{"text":"family","start":7560.43,"end":7560.83},{"text":"farming","start":7560.83,"end":7561.31},{"text":"and","start":7561.31,"end":7561.47},{"text":"rural","start":7561.47,"end":7561.71},{"text":"activities","start":7561.71,"end":7562.35},{"text":"remain","start":7562.35,"end":7562.59},{"text":"essential","start":7562.59,"end":7563.07},{"text":"to","start":7563.07,"end":7563.19},{"text":"the","start":7563.19,"end":7563.27},{"text":"livelihoods","start":7563.27,"end":7563.91},{"text":"of","start":7563.91,"end":7563.99},{"text":"many","start":7563.99,"end":7564.27},{"text":"people,","start":7564.27,"end":7564.67},{"text":"seeds","start":7564.99,"end":7565.47},{"text":"represent","start":7565.47,"end":7566.03},{"text":"more","start":7566.03,"end":7566.27},{"text":"than","start":7566.27,"end":7566.43},{"text":"a","start":7566.43,"end":7566.47},{"text":"factor","start":7566.47,"end":7566.83},{"text":"of","start":7566.83,"end":7566.91},{"text":"agricultural","start":7566.91,"end":7567.55},{"text":"production.","start":7567.55,"end":7568.11}]},{"text":"They are closely linked to food security and food sovereignty, biodiversity, traditional knowledge, the identity of rural communities, as well as the resilience to climate change.","start":7568.51,"end":7578.67,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":7568.51,"end":7568.71},{"text":"are","start":7568.71,"end":7568.79},{"text":"closely","start":7568.79,"end":7569.15},{"text":"linked","start":7569.15,"end":7569.59},{"text":"to","start":7569.59,"end":7569.67},{"text":"food","start":7569.67,"end":7569.87},{"text":"security","start":7569.87,"end":7570.59},{"text":"and","start":7570.67,"end":7570.91},{"text":"food","start":7570.91,"end":7571.07},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":7571.07,"end":7571.79},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":7572.03,"end":7572.99},{"text":"traditional","start":7573.15,"end":7573.75},{"text":"knowledge,","start":7573.75,"end":7574.19},{"text":"the","start":7574.35,"end":7574.55},{"text":"identity","start":7574.55,"end":7575.03},{"text":"of","start":7575.03,"end":7575.15},{"text":"rural","start":7575.15,"end":7575.47},{"text":"communities,","start":7575.47,"end":7576.19},{"text":"as","start":7576.43,"end":7576.59},{"text":"well","start":7576.59,"end":7576.83},{"text":"as","start":7576.83,"end":7576.91},{"text":"the","start":7576.91,"end":7577.07},{"text":"resilience","start":7577.07,"end":7577.67},{"text":"to","start":7577.67,"end":7577.79},{"text":"climate","start":7577.79,"end":7578.19},{"text":"change.","start":7578.19,"end":7578.67}]},{"text":"The report rightly highlights the importance of traditional seed systems and community practices related to the conservation, exchange, and transmission of seeds.","start":7578.99,"end":7588.67,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"FAO","start":7676.15,"end":7676.39},{"text":"recognizes","start":7676.39,"end":7677.19},{"text":"the","start":7677.19,"end":7677.27},{"text":"important","start":7677.27,"end":7677.79},{"text":"role","start":7677.79,"end":7677.95},{"text":"of","start":7677.95,"end":7678.07},{"text":"peasants","start":7678.07,"end":7678.71},{"text":"and","start":7678.71,"end":7679.03},{"text":"other","start":7679.03,"end":7679.27},{"text":"people","start":7679.27,"end":7679.67},{"text":"working","start":7679.67,"end":7680.07},{"text":"in","start":7680.07,"end":7680.23},{"text":"rural","start":7680.23,"end":7680.55},{"text":"areas","start":7680.63,"end":7681.19},{"text":"in","start":7681.51,"end":7681.75},{"text":"maintaining","start":7681.75,"end":7682.55},{"text":"and","start":7682.79,"end":7682.99},{"text":"developing","start":7682.99,"end":7683.67},{"text":"agricultural","start":7683.67,"end":7684.39},{"text":"biodiversity","start":7684.39,"end":7685.43},{"text":"and","start":7685.75,"end":7685.99},{"text":"associated","start":7685.99,"end":7686.55},{"text":"knowledge.","start":7686.55,"end":7687.19}]},{"text":"The UN Decade of Family Farming provides an important framework to advance policies for family farmers, including peasants, and their contributions to sustainable agri-food systems.","start":7687.75,"end":7699.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7687.75,"end":7687.91},{"text":"UN","start":7687.91,"end":7688.23},{"text":"Decade","start":7688.23,"end":7688.55},{"text":"of","start":7688.55,"end":7688.67},{"text":"Family","start":7688.67,"end":7689.03},{"text":"Farming","start":7689.03,"end":7689.51},{"text":"provides","start":7689.51,"end":7689.91},{"text":"an","start":7689.91,"end":7689.99},{"text":"important","start":7689.99,"end":7690.55},{"text":"framework","start":7690.55,"end":7691.27},{"text":"to","start":7691.59,"end":7691.71},{"text":"advance","start":7691.71,"end":7692.31},{"text":"policies","start":7692.31,"end":7692.95},{"text":"for","start":7692.95,"end":7693.11},{"text":"family","start":7693.11,"end":7693.47},{"text":"farmers,","start":7693.47,"end":7694.15},{"text":"including","start":7694.15,"end":7694.63},{"text":"peasants,","start":7694.63,"end":7695.27},{"text":"and","start":7695.59,"end":7695.79},{"text":"their","start":7695.79,"end":7695.95},{"text":"contributions","start":7695.95,"end":7697.03},{"text":"to","start":7697.03,"end":7697.19},{"text":"sustainable","start":7697.19,"end":7698.07},{"text":"agri-food","start":7698.07,"end":7698.59},{"text":"systems.","start":7698.59,"end":7699.35}]},{"text":"In addition, the International Year of the Woman Farmer 2026 and the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists highlighted the essential role of women farmers and pastoralists in preserving traditional knowledge, seed selection, conservation, exchange, and marketing in accordance with national law.","start":7700.47,"end":7721.95,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Caring","start":7779.47,"end":7779.83},{"text":"for","start":7779.83,"end":7779.95},{"text":"our","start":7779.95,"end":7780.03},{"text":"seeds","start":7780.03,"end":7780.51},{"text":"is","start":7780.51,"end":7780.67},{"text":"protecting","start":7780.67,"end":7781.23},{"text":"our","start":7781.23,"end":7781.31},{"text":"food","start":7781.31,"end":7781.71},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":7781.71,"end":7782.51}]},{"text":"We want to underline the establishment in Bolivia of a directory of the interstrategical committee on the plan for family agriculture, where decisions are taken in in conjunction with academia, youth and international agencies such as FAO, FIDA, the ICA.","start":7783.23,"end":7804.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7783.23,"end":7783.39},{"text":"want","start":7783.39,"end":7783.67},{"text":"to","start":7783.67,"end":7783.79},{"text":"underline","start":7784.11,"end":7785.39},{"text":"the","start":7785.55,"end":7785.91},{"text":"establishment","start":7786.19,"end":7786.83},{"text":"in","start":7786.83,"end":7786.99},{"text":"Bolivia","start":7786.99,"end":7787.55},{"text":"of","start":7788.07,"end":7788.19},{"text":"a","start":7788.43,"end":7788.47},{"text":"directory","start":7788.47,"end":7789.31},{"text":"of","start":7789.31,"end":7789.79},{"text":"the","start":7789.79,"end":7789.95},{"text":"interstrategical","start":7789.95,"end":7791.23},{"text":"committee","start":7791.23,"end":7791.71},{"text":"on","start":7791.71,"end":7792.03},{"text":"the","start":7792.43,"end":7792.55},{"text":"plan","start":7792.55,"end":7792.91},{"text":"for","start":7792.91,"end":7793.47},{"text":"family","start":7793.55,"end":7794.03},{"text":"agriculture,","start":7794.03,"end":7794.75},{"text":"where","start":7794.95,"end":7795.23},{"text":"decisions","start":7795.31,"end":7795.95},{"text":"are","start":7795.95,"end":7796.03},{"text":"taken","start":7796.03,"end":7796.43},{"text":"in","start":7796.43,"end":7796.75},{"text":"in","start":7797.83,"end":7798.15},{"text":"conjunction","start":7798.15,"end":7798.59},{"text":"with","start":7798.59,"end":7798.71},{"text":"academia,","start":7798.71,"end":7799.51},{"text":"youth","start":7799.51,"end":7799.95},{"text":"and","start":7799.95,"end":7800.07},{"text":"international","start":7800.07,"end":7800.87},{"text":"agencies","start":7800.87,"end":7801.31},{"text":"such","start":7801.31,"end":7801.51},{"text":"as","start":7801.51,"end":7801.67},{"text":"FAO,","start":7801.67,"end":7802.31},{"text":"FIDA,","start":7802.63,"end":7803.19},{"text":"the","start":7803.43,"end":7803.55},{"text":"ICA.","start":7803.55,"end":7804.31}]},{"text":"This therefore we ensure that family smallholders at rural and urban level can access credits and safe certification.","start":7805.11,"end":7816.47,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7805.11,"end":7805.43},{"text":"therefore","start":7805.43,"end":7805.95},{"text":"we","start":7805.95,"end":7806.27},{"text":"ensure","start":7806.27,"end":7806.79},{"text":"that","start":7806.79,"end":7807.19},{"text":"family","start":7807.83,"end":7808.39},{"text":"smallholders","start":7808.39,"end":7809.35},{"text":"at","start":7809.51,"end":7809.67},{"text":"rural","start":7809.67,"end":7810.07},{"text":"and","start":7810.39,"end":7810.71},{"text":"urban","start":7810.71,"end":7810.99},{"text":"level","start":7810.99,"end":7811.19},{"text":"can","start":7811.19,"end":7811.43},{"text":"access","start":7811.43,"end":7811.99},{"text":"credits","start":7811.99,"end":7812.79},{"text":"and","start":7813.67,"end":7814.31},{"text":"safe","start":7815.11,"end":7815.51},{"text":"certification.","start":7815.59,"end":7816.47}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":7816.55,"end":7816.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7816.55,"end":7816.87},{"text":"you.","start":7816.87,"end":7816.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BOL","affiliation_full":"Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":127,"start":7816.95,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7817","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":7816.95,"end":7819.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7816.95,"end":7817.11},{"text":"you.","start":7819.67,"end":7819.87}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cameroon.","start":7819.87,"end":7823.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7819.87,"end":7819.91},{"text":"give","start":7819.91,"end":7820.15},{"text":"the","start":7820.15,"end":7820.31},{"text":"floor","start":7820.31,"end":7820.63},{"text":"to","start":7820.63,"end":7820.71},{"text":"the","start":7820.71,"end":7820.79},{"text":"distinguished","start":7820.79,"end":7821.91},{"text":"representative","start":7821.91,"end":7822.55},{"text":"of","start":7822.55,"end":7822.63},{"text":"Cameroon.","start":7822.63,"end":7823.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":128,"start":7827.87,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7828","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, President.","start":7827.87,"end":7828.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7827.87,"end":7828.11},{"text":"you,","start":7828.11,"end":7828.19},{"text":"President.","start":7828.19,"end":7828.67}]},{"text":"Cameroon aligns itself with the statement made by the African Group and thanks the working group for the presentation of its report on the rights of peasants to hold seeds.","start":7828.67,"end":7836.67,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Cameroon","start":7828.67,"end":7828.99},{"text":"aligns","start":7828.99,"end":7829.27},{"text":"itself","start":7829.27,"end":7829.51},{"text":"with","start":7829.51,"end":7829.63},{"text":"the","start":7829.63,"end":7829.71},{"text":"statement","start":7829.71,"end":7830.03},{"text":"made","start":7830.03,"end":7830.15},{"text":"by","start":7830.15,"end":7830.23},{"text":"the","start":7830.23,"end":7830.31},{"text":"African","start":7830.31,"end":7830.59},{"text":"Group","start":7830.59,"end":7830.83},{"text":"and","start":7830.83,"end":7830.95},{"text":"thanks","start":7830.95,"end":7831.23},{"text":"the","start":7831.23,"end":7831.35},{"text":"working","start":7831.35,"end":7831.63},{"text":"group","start":7831.63,"end":7831.87},{"text":"for","start":7831.87,"end":7831.99},{"text":"the","start":7831.99,"end":7832.07},{"text":"presentation","start":7832.07,"end":7832.59},{"text":"of","start":7832.59,"end":7832.67},{"text":"its","start":7832.67,"end":7832.83},{"text":"report","start":7832.83,"end":7833.27},{"text":"on","start":7833.27,"end":7833.39},{"text":"the","start":7833.39,"end":7833.47},{"text":"rights","start":7833.47,"end":7833.87},{"text":"of","start":7833.87,"end":7834.03},{"text":"peasants","start":7834.03,"end":7834.67},{"text":"to","start":7835.87,"end":7835.99},{"text":"hold","start":7835.99,"end":7836.19},{"text":"seeds.","start":7836.19,"end":7836.67}]},{"text":"My delegation shares the importance paid to and highlighted to maintaining diversified, accessible locally adapted seed systems.","start":7836.87,"end":7847.19,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":7836.87,"end":7836.99},{"text":"delegation","start":7836.99,"end":7837.35},{"text":"shares","start":7837.35,"end":7837.55},{"text":"the","start":7837.55,"end":7837.63},{"text":"importance","start":7837.63,"end":7838.75},{"text":"paid","start":7839.43,"end":7839.71},{"text":"to","start":7839.71,"end":7840.35},{"text":"and","start":7841.31,"end":7841.43},{"text":"highlighted","start":7841.43,"end":7841.91},{"text":"to","start":7841.91,"end":7842.19},{"text":"maintaining","start":7842.19,"end":7842.91},{"text":"diversified,","start":7843.07,"end":7843.83},{"text":"accessible","start":7843.83,"end":7844.43},{"text":"locally","start":7845.39,"end":7845.67},{"text":"adapted","start":7845.67,"end":7846.23},{"text":"seed","start":7846.23,"end":7846.47},{"text":"systems.","start":7846.47,"end":7847.19}]},{"text":"Seeds are not just a factor for agricultural production, they are also linked to food security, biodiversity, traditional knowledge, resilience to climate change.","start":7847.43,"end":7855.91,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Seeds","start":7847.43,"end":7847.87},{"text":"are","start":7847.87,"end":7847.95},{"text":"not","start":7847.95,"end":7848.19},{"text":"just","start":7848.19,"end":7848.39},{"text":"a","start":7848.39,"end":7848.43},{"text":"factor","start":7848.43,"end":7848.91},{"text":"for","start":7848.95,"end":7849.11},{"text":"agricultural","start":7849.11,"end":7849.63},{"text":"production,","start":7849.63,"end":7850.35},{"text":"they","start":7850.35,"end":7850.55},{"text":"are","start":7850.55,"end":7850.63},{"text":"also","start":7850.71,"end":7851.15},{"text":"linked","start":7851.15,"end":7851.43},{"text":"to","start":7851.43,"end":7851.51},{"text":"food","start":7851.51,"end":7851.71},{"text":"security,","start":7851.71,"end":7852.07},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":7852.07,"end":7852.87},{"text":"traditional","start":7852.87,"end":7853.39},{"text":"knowledge,","start":7853.39,"end":7853.75},{"text":"resilience","start":7853.75,"end":7854.55},{"text":"to","start":7855.11,"end":7855.23},{"text":"climate","start":7855.23,"end":7855.55},{"text":"change.","start":7855.55,"end":7855.91}]},{"text":"In Cameroon, we are seeking a balance between the appropriate promotion of agricultural innovation, the protection of plant varieties, and safeguarding traditional practices, allowing peasants to keep, exchange, and exchange their seeds.","start":7855.91,"end":7869.07,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7855.91,"end":7855.99},{"text":"Cameroon,","start":7855.99,"end":7856.47},{"text":"we","start":7856.47,"end":7856.71},{"text":"are","start":7856.71,"end":7856.91},{"text":"seeking","start":7856.91,"end":7857.39},{"text":"a","start":7857.39,"end":7857.43},{"text":"balance","start":7857.43,"end":7857.87},{"text":"between","start":7857.87,"end":7858.11},{"text":"the","start":7858.11,"end":7858.19},{"text":"appropriate","start":7858.19,"end":7858.71},{"text":"promotion","start":7858.71,"end":7859.15},{"text":"of","start":7859.19,"end":7859.43},{"text":"agricultural","start":7859.43,"end":7860.15},{"text":"innovation,","start":7860.23,"end":7861.03},{"text":"the","start":7861.19,"end":7861.31},{"text":"protection","start":7861.31,"end":7861.79},{"text":"of","start":7861.79,"end":7861.91},{"text":"plant","start":7861.91,"end":7862.15},{"text":"varieties,","start":7862.15,"end":7862.79},{"text":"and","start":7863.03,"end":7863.35},{"text":"safeguarding","start":7863.35,"end":7863.91},{"text":"traditional","start":7863.91,"end":7864.31},{"text":"practices,","start":7864.31,"end":7864.95},{"text":"allowing","start":7864.95,"end":7865.35},{"text":"peasants","start":7865.35,"end":7865.75},{"text":"to","start":7865.75,"end":7865.99},{"text":"keep,","start":7865.99,"end":7866.43},{"text":"exchange,","start":7866.63,"end":7867.19},{"text":"and","start":7867.71,"end":7867.83},{"text":"exchange","start":7867.83,"end":7868.27},{"text":"their","start":7868.27,"end":7868.47},{"text":"seeds.","start":7868.47,"end":7869.07}]},{"text":"This approach is part of national efforts to strengthen the rights of rural populations in Cameroon.","start":7869.31,"end":7873.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7869.31,"end":7869.55},{"text":"approach","start":7869.55,"end":7870.11},{"text":"is","start":7870.11,"end":7870.23},{"text":"part","start":7870.23,"end":7870.47},{"text":"of","start":7870.47,"end":7870.55},{"text":"national","start":7870.55,"end":7870.83},{"text":"efforts","start":7870.83,"end":7871.15},{"text":"to","start":7871.15,"end":7871.27},{"text":"strengthen","start":7871.27,"end":7871.67},{"text":"the","start":7871.67,"end":7871.75},{"text":"rights","start":7871.75,"end":7871.95},{"text":"of","start":7871.95,"end":7872.07},{"text":"rural","start":7872.07,"end":7872.27},{"text":"populations","start":7872.27,"end":7872.83},{"text":"in","start":7872.83,"end":7872.91},{"text":"Cameroon.","start":7872.91,"end":7873.31}]},{"text":"The Ministry for Land Affairs introduced in February 2026 mechanisms designed to achieve better recognition of the land rights, the customary land rights, and to secure the use of land by local communities.","start":7873.55,"end":7888.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7873.55,"end":7873.63},{"text":"Ministry","start":7873.63,"end":7874.27},{"text":"for","start":7874.35,"end":7874.59},{"text":"Land","start":7874.59,"end":7874.83},{"text":"Affairs","start":7874.83,"end":7875.39},{"text":"introduced","start":7875.39,"end":7875.87},{"text":"in","start":7875.87,"end":7876.19},{"text":"February","start":7876.51,"end":7876.91},{"text":"2026","start":7876.91,"end":7877.87},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7878.19,"end":7879.07},{"text":"designed","start":7879.07,"end":7879.55},{"text":"to","start":7879.55,"end":7880.03},{"text":"achieve","start":7880.35,"end":7880.67},{"text":"better","start":7880.67,"end":7880.87},{"text":"recognition","start":7880.87,"end":7881.39},{"text":"of","start":7881.39,"end":7881.63},{"text":"the","start":7881.63,"end":7881.71},{"text":"land","start":7881.71,"end":7882.19},{"text":"rights,","start":7882.19,"end":7882.39},{"text":"the","start":7882.39,"end":7882.47},{"text":"customary","start":7882.47,"end":7882.83},{"text":"land","start":7882.83,"end":7883.03},{"text":"rights,","start":7883.03,"end":7883.47},{"text":"and","start":7883.79,"end":7884.07},{"text":"to","start":7884.07,"end":7884.51},{"text":"secure","start":7884.59,"end":7885.07},{"text":"the","start":7885.99,"end":7886.11},{"text":"use","start":7886.15,"end":7886.63},{"text":"of","start":7886.63,"end":7886.87},{"text":"land","start":7886.87,"end":7887.11},{"text":"by","start":7887.11,"end":7887.19},{"text":"local","start":7887.19,"end":7887.51},{"text":"communities.","start":7887.51,"end":7888.23}]},{"text":"And in August 2026, Cameroon welcomed the second conference of the Congo Basin on agroecology, bringing together peasant organizations, researchers, public authorities, and other partners about food sovereignty.","start":7888.39,"end":7900.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7888.39,"end":7888.59},{"text":"in","start":7888.59,"end":7888.79},{"text":"August","start":7888.79,"end":7889.23},{"text":"2026,","start":7889.23,"end":7889.83},{"text":"Cameroon","start":7889.83,"end":7890.23},{"text":"welcomed","start":7890.23,"end":7890.59},{"text":"the","start":7890.59,"end":7890.67},{"text":"second","start":7890.67,"end":7891.03},{"text":"conference","start":7891.03,"end":7891.67},{"text":"of","start":7891.67,"end":7891.75},{"text":"the","start":7891.75,"end":7891.87},{"text":"Congo","start":7891.87,"end":7892.15},{"text":"Basin","start":7892.15,"end":7892.71},{"text":"on","start":7892.71,"end":7892.95},{"text":"agroecology,","start":7892.95,"end":7893.83},{"text":"bringing","start":7894.07,"end":7894.31},{"text":"together","start":7894.31,"end":7894.87},{"text":"peasant","start":7894.95,"end":7895.23},{"text":"organizations,","start":7895.23,"end":7896.15},{"text":"researchers,","start":7896.15,"end":7897.07},{"text":"public","start":7897.07,"end":7897.35},{"text":"authorities,","start":7897.35,"end":7897.87},{"text":"and","start":7897.87,"end":7897.99},{"text":"other","start":7897.99,"end":7898.15},{"text":"partners","start":7898.15,"end":7898.71},{"text":"about","start":7898.87,"end":7899.27},{"text":"food","start":7899.27,"end":7899.51},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":7899.51,"end":7900.23}]},{"text":"President, my delegation would like to know how the working group intends to reconcile the need for agricultural innovation and protection of intellectual property with the effective preservation of traditional seed systems, in particular in developing countries.","start":7900.47,"end":7914.23,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":7900.47,"end":7900.87},{"text":"my","start":7900.87,"end":7901.27},{"text":"delegation","start":7901.63,"end":7902.03},{"text":"would","start":7902.03,"end":7902.15},{"text":"like","start":7902.15,"end":7902.27},{"text":"to","start":7902.27,"end":7902.35},{"text":"know","start":7902.35,"end":7902.47},{"text":"how","start":7902.47,"end":7902.63},{"text":"the","start":7902.63,"end":7902.75},{"text":"working","start":7902.75,"end":7903.03},{"text":"group","start":7903.03,"end":7903.43},{"text":"intends","start":7904.55,"end":7904.95},{"text":"to","start":7904.95,"end":7905.19},{"text":"reconcile","start":7905.19,"end":7905.99},{"text":"the","start":7906.15,"end":7906.27},{"text":"need","start":7906.27,"end":7906.63},{"text":"for","start":7906.63,"end":7906.87},{"text":"agricultural","start":7906.87,"end":7907.43},{"text":"innovation","start":7907.43,"end":7907.91},{"text":"and","start":7907.91,"end":7908.03},{"text":"protection","start":7908.03,"end":7908.39},{"text":"of","start":7908.39,"end":7908.55},{"text":"intellectual","start":7908.55,"end":7908.99},{"text":"property","start":7908.99,"end":7909.51},{"text":"with","start":7909.51,"end":7909.71},{"text":"the","start":7909.71,"end":7909.79},{"text":"effective","start":7909.91,"end":7910.31},{"text":"preservation","start":7910.31,"end":7910.95},{"text":"of","start":7910.95,"end":7911.19},{"text":"traditional","start":7911.19,"end":7911.79},{"text":"seed","start":7911.79,"end":7912.03},{"text":"systems,","start":7912.03,"end":7912.47},{"text":"in","start":7912.47,"end":7912.55},{"text":"particular","start":7912.55,"end":7913.15},{"text":"in","start":7913.27,"end":7913.43},{"text":"developing","start":7913.43,"end":7913.83},{"text":"countries.","start":7913.83,"end":7914.23}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":7914.23,"end":7914.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7914.23,"end":7914.47},{"text":"you.","start":7914.47,"end":7914.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CMR","affiliation_full":"Cameroon","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":129,"start":7915.99,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7916","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":7915.99,"end":7917.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7915.99,"end":7916.35},{"text":"you","start":7916.99,"end":7917.07},{"text":"very","start":7917.07,"end":7917.23},{"text":"much.","start":7917.27,"end":7917.63}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ecuador.","start":7918.11,"end":7922.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7918.11,"end":7918.19},{"text":"give","start":7918.19,"end":7918.39},{"text":"the","start":7918.39,"end":7918.51},{"text":"floor","start":7918.51,"end":7918.99},{"text":"to","start":7918.99,"end":7919.15},{"text":"the","start":7919.15,"end":7919.31},{"text":"distinguished","start":7919.31,"end":7919.87},{"text":"representative","start":7919.87,"end":7921.23},{"text":"of","start":7921.27,"end":7921.39},{"text":"Ecuador.","start":7921.39,"end":7922.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":130,"start":7924.67,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=7925","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":7924.67,"end":7925.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7924.67,"end":7924.83},{"text":"you,","start":7924.83,"end":7924.91},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":7924.91,"end":7925.67}]},{"text":"Ecuador is grateful to the working group for its report and agrees regarding the need to recognise the crucial role played by seeds in the confluence between agriculture, food sovereignty, biodiversity, health, culture, knowledge, economy and human rights, as well as the need to protect its multiple functions.","start":7926.23,"end":7944.35,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Ecuador","start":7926.23,"end":7926.55},{"text":"is","start":7926.67,"end":7926.83},{"text":"grateful","start":7926.83,"end":7927.23},{"text":"to","start":7927.23,"end":7927.31},{"text":"the","start":7927.31,"end":7927.39},{"text":"working","start":7927.39,"end":7927.83},{"text":"group","start":7927.83,"end":7928.07},{"text":"for","start":7928.07,"end":7928.19},{"text":"its","start":7928.19,"end":7928.35},{"text":"report","start":7928.35,"end":7928.83},{"text":"and","start":7928.83,"end":7929.07},{"text":"agrees","start":7929.07,"end":7929.55},{"text":"regarding","start":7929.55,"end":7929.91},{"text":"the","start":7929.91,"end":7929.99},{"text":"need","start":7929.99,"end":7930.23},{"text":"to","start":7930.23,"end":7930.31},{"text":"recognise","start":7930.31,"end":7930.83},{"text":"the","start":7930.83,"end":7930.91},{"text":"crucial","start":7930.91,"end":7931.35},{"text":"role","start":7931.35,"end":7931.55},{"text":"played","start":7931.55,"end":7931.95},{"text":"by","start":7931.95,"end":7932.11},{"text":"seeds","start":7932.11,"end":7932.75},{"text":"in","start":7932.75,"end":7932.87},{"text":"the","start":7932.87,"end":7932.95},{"text":"confluence","start":7932.95,"end":7933.63},{"text":"between","start":7933.63,"end":7933.95},{"text":"agriculture,","start":7933.95,"end":7934.67},{"text":"food","start":7934.67,"end":7934.99},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":7934.99,"end":7935.63},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":7935.95,"end":7936.91},{"text":"health,","start":7936.91,"end":7937.39},{"text":"culture,","start":7938.51,"end":7939.07},{"text":"knowledge,","start":7939.07,"end":7939.87},{"text":"economy","start":7940.43,"end":7940.79},{"text":"and","start":7940.79,"end":7940.91},{"text":"human","start":7940.91,"end":7941.15},{"text":"rights,","start":7941.15,"end":7941.55},{"text":"as","start":7941.55,"end":7941.67},{"text":"well","start":7941.67,"end":7941.87},{"text":"as","start":7941.87,"end":7941.95},{"text":"the","start":7941.95,"end":7942.07},{"text":"need","start":7942.07,"end":7942.31},{"text":"to","start":7942.31,"end":7942.43},{"text":"protect","start":7942.43,"end":7942.99},{"text":"its","start":7943.11,"end":7943.23},{"text":"multiple","start":7943.23,"end":7943.71},{"text":"functions.","start":7943.71,"end":7944.35}]},{"text":"In that regard, Ecuador reiterates its commitment to the Undrop declaration, which was ratified by our national assembly in 2023, and with the constitutional recognition of food sovereignty as a strategic state objective, the guarantee of traditional knowledge linked thereto and the use of native seeds.","start":7944.43,"end":7962.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7944.43,"end":7944.59},{"text":"that","start":7944.59,"end":7944.75},{"text":"regard,","start":7944.75,"end":7945.07},{"text":"Ecuador","start":7945.47,"end":7945.99},{"text":"reiterates","start":7945.99,"end":7946.51},{"text":"its","start":7946.51,"end":7946.67},{"text":"commitment","start":7946.67,"end":7947.27},{"text":"to","start":7947.27,"end":7947.35},{"text":"the","start":7947.35,"end":7947.43},{"text":"Undrop","start":7947.43,"end":7947.75},{"text":"declaration,","start":7947.75,"end":7948.35},{"text":"which","start":7948.35,"end":7948.51},{"text":"was","start":7948.55,"end":7948.67},{"text":"ratified","start":7948.67,"end":7948.95},{"text":"by","start":7948.95,"end":7949.07},{"text":"our","start":7949.07,"end":7949.15},{"text":"national","start":7949.15,"end":7949.63},{"text":"assembly","start":7949.63,"end":7949.99},{"text":"in","start":7949.99,"end":7950.11},{"text":"2023,","start":7950.11,"end":7951.07},{"text":"and","start":7951.15,"end":7951.31},{"text":"with","start":7951.31,"end":7951.43},{"text":"the","start":7951.43,"end":7951.51},{"text":"constitutional","start":7951.51,"end":7952.23},{"text":"recognition","start":7952.23,"end":7952.79},{"text":"of","start":7952.79,"end":7952.91},{"text":"food","start":7952.91,"end":7953.23},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7953.23,"end":7953.87},{"text":"as","start":7954.19,"end":7954.43},{"text":"a","start":7954.59,"end":7954.63},{"text":"strategic","start":7954.63,"end":7955.31},{"text":"state","start":7955.31,"end":7955.71},{"text":"objective,","start":7955.71,"end":7956.43},{"text":"the","start":7957.39,"end":7957.59},{"text":"guarantee","start":7957.59,"end":7958.19},{"text":"of","start":7958.39,"end":7958.59},{"text":"traditional","start":7959.15,"end":7959.63},{"text":"knowledge","start":7959.63,"end":7960.11},{"text":"linked","start":7960.11,"end":7960.39},{"text":"thereto","start":7960.39,"end":7960.91},{"text":"and","start":7960.91,"end":7961.03},{"text":"the","start":7961.03,"end":7961.11},{"text":"use","start":7961.11,"end":7961.27},{"text":"of","start":7961.27,"end":7961.39},{"text":"native","start":7961.39,"end":7961.71},{"text":"seeds.","start":7961.71,"end":7962.11}]},{"text":"Based on this, various initiatives have been promoted to strengthen campesino family agriculture, leveraging ancestral knowledge, conservation of campesino seeds, sustainable production and marketing in alternative circuits.","start":7962.11,"end":7976.75,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Based","start":7962.11,"end":7962.59},{"text":"on","start":7962.99,"end":7963.15},{"text":"this,","start":7963.15,"end":7963.47},{"text":"various","start":7963.47,"end":7963.83},{"text":"initiatives","start":7963.83,"end":7964.31},{"text":"have","start":7964.31,"end":7964.43},{"text":"been","start":7964.59,"end":7964.91},{"text":"promoted","start":7964.91,"end":7965.47},{"text":"to","start":7965.47,"end":7965.55},{"text":"strengthen","start":7965.55,"end":7966.19},{"text":"campesino","start":7966.35,"end":7966.99},{"text":"family","start":7966.99,"end":7967.43},{"text":"agriculture,","start":7967.43,"end":7968.15},{"text":"leveraging","start":7968.35,"end":7969.15},{"text":"ancestral","start":7969.55,"end":7970.11},{"text":"knowledge,","start":7970.11,"end":7970.59},{"text":"conservation","start":7970.99,"end":7971.71},{"text":"of","start":7971.71,"end":7971.87},{"text":"campesino","start":7971.87,"end":7972.43},{"text":"seeds,","start":7972.43,"end":7972.99},{"text":"sustainable","start":7972.99,"end":7973.47},{"text":"production","start":7973.47,"end":7974.11},{"text":"and","start":7974.11,"end":7974.35},{"text":"marketing","start":7974.83,"end":7975.47},{"text":"in","start":7975.47,"end":7975.71},{"text":"alternative","start":7975.71,"end":7976.27},{"text":"circuits.","start":7976.27,"end":7976.75}]},{"text":"Among other specific actions and policies, we would highlight the national agricultural strategy for rural women, as well as seed houses to preserve the autonomy of producers, food sovereignty and agricultural heritage.","start":7977.07,"end":7990.71,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Among","start":7977.07,"end":7977.31},{"text":"other","start":7977.31,"end":7977.63},{"text":"specific","start":7977.79,"end":7978.35},{"text":"actions","start":7978.35,"end":7978.63},{"text":"and","start":7978.63,"end":7978.75},{"text":"policies,","start":7978.75,"end":7979.23},{"text":"we","start":7979.23,"end":7979.35},{"text":"would","start":7979.35,"end":7979.47},{"text":"highlight","start":7979.47,"end":7980.03},{"text":"the","start":7980.03,"end":7980.23},{"text":"national","start":7980.51,"end":7980.99},{"text":"agricultural","start":7980.99,"end":7981.71},{"text":"strategy","start":7981.71,"end":7982.59},{"text":"for","start":7982.59,"end":7982.71},{"text":"rural","start":7982.71,"end":7983.03},{"text":"women,","start":7983.03,"end":7983.35},{"text":"as","start":7983.35,"end":7983.47},{"text":"well","start":7983.47,"end":7983.79},{"text":"as","start":7983.79,"end":7984.11},{"text":"seed","start":7984.19,"end":7984.67},{"text":"houses","start":7984.67,"end":7985.15},{"text":"to","start":7985.15,"end":7985.35},{"text":"preserve","start":7985.35,"end":7985.95},{"text":"the","start":7985.95,"end":7986.19},{"text":"autonomy","start":7986.27,"end":7986.87},{"text":"of","start":7986.87,"end":7986.99},{"text":"producers,","start":7986.99,"end":7987.63},{"text":"food","start":7987.63,"end":7987.95},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7987.95,"end":7988.59},{"text":"and","start":7989.11,"end":7989.27},{"text":"agricultural","start":7989.27,"end":7990.07},{"text":"heritage.","start":7990.07,"end":7990.71}]},{"text":"Then since 2022 in Ecuador, traditional seeds no longer need certification nor patents to be produced or marketed.","start":7991.59,"end":8000.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Then","start":7991.59,"end":7991.91},{"text":"since","start":7991.91,"end":7992.23},{"text":"2022","start":7992.23,"end":7993.75},{"text":"in","start":7993.75,"end":7993.91},{"text":"Ecuador,","start":7993.91,"end":7994.47},{"text":"traditional","start":7994.71,"end":7995.19},{"text":"seeds","start":7995.19,"end":7995.91},{"text":"no","start":7995.91,"end":7996.15},{"text":"longer","start":7996.15,"end":7996.47},{"text":"need","start":7996.47,"end":7996.71},{"text":"certification","start":7996.71,"end":7997.63},{"text":"nor","start":7997.63,"end":7997.75},{"text":"patents","start":7997.75,"end":7998.47},{"text":"to","start":7998.47,"end":7998.63},{"text":"be","start":7998.63,"end":7998.79},{"text":"produced","start":7998.79,"end":7999.43},{"text":"or","start":7999.43,"end":7999.59},{"text":"marketed.","start":7999.59,"end":8000.23}]},{"text":"And we recognize moreover ancestral knowledge as a parameter of quality.","start":8000.63,"end":8006.15,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Vice-President.","start":8120.27,"end":8123.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8120.27,"end":8120.43},{"text":"you,","start":8120.43,"end":8120.51},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":8122.83,"end":8123.55}]},{"text":"We examined the report of the working group to the right of SEEDS.","start":8123.55,"end":8128.83,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8123.55,"end":8123.71},{"text":"examined","start":8123.71,"end":8124.27},{"text":"the","start":8124.27,"end":8124.35},{"text":"report","start":8124.35,"end":8124.79},{"text":"of","start":8124.79,"end":8124.87},{"text":"the","start":8124.87,"end":8124.99},{"text":"working","start":8124.99,"end":8125.47},{"text":"group","start":8125.47,"end":8125.83},{"text":"to","start":8127.55,"end":8127.79},{"text":"the","start":8127.79,"end":8127.87},{"text":"right","start":8127.87,"end":8128.19},{"text":"of","start":8128.19,"end":8128.27},{"text":"SEEDS.","start":8128.35,"end":8128.83}]},{"text":"We agree on the difficulties encountered by peasants, in particular those involved in subsistence agriculture and smallholders.","start":8129.47,"end":8136.27,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8129.47,"end":8129.79},{"text":"agree","start":8129.79,"end":8130.27},{"text":"on","start":8130.27,"end":8130.35},{"text":"the","start":8130.35,"end":8130.43},{"text":"difficulties","start":8130.43,"end":8130.87},{"text":"encountered","start":8130.87,"end":8131.31},{"text":"by","start":8131.31,"end":8131.55},{"text":"peasants,","start":8131.55,"end":8132.03},{"text":"in","start":8132.03,"end":8132.11},{"text":"particular","start":8132.11,"end":8132.67},{"text":"those","start":8132.75,"end":8133.23},{"text":"involved","start":8133.63,"end":8134.03},{"text":"in","start":8134.03,"end":8134.27},{"text":"subsistence","start":8134.27,"end":8134.71},{"text":"agriculture","start":8134.71,"end":8135.31},{"text":"and","start":8135.31,"end":8135.47},{"text":"smallholders.","start":8135.47,"end":8136.27}]},{"text":"We agree with the recommendations on the proper management of agricultural land.","start":8136.59,"end":8142.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8136.59,"end":8136.91},{"text":"agree","start":8136.91,"end":8137.31},{"text":"with","start":8137.31,"end":8137.43},{"text":"the","start":8137.43,"end":8137.51},{"text":"recommendations","start":8137.51,"end":8138.75},{"text":"on","start":8139.23,"end":8139.47},{"text":"the","start":8139.47,"end":8139.83},{"text":"proper","start":8139.95,"end":8140.59},{"text":"management","start":8140.59,"end":8141.15},{"text":"of","start":8141.23,"end":8141.63},{"text":"agricultural","start":8141.71,"end":8142.35},{"text":"land.","start":8142.35,"end":8142.75}]},{"text":"These are recommendations which are important to look at intellectual property rights for peasants, in particular for traditional seeds.","start":8142.99,"end":8151.95,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8142.99,"end":8143.23},{"text":"are","start":8143.23,"end":8143.39},{"text":"recommendations","start":8143.39,"end":8144.43},{"text":"which","start":8144.43,"end":8144.59},{"text":"are","start":8144.59,"end":8144.67},{"text":"important","start":8144.67,"end":8145.71},{"text":"to","start":8146.19,"end":8146.31},{"text":"look","start":8147.75,"end":8147.95},{"text":"at","start":8147.95,"end":8148.19},{"text":"intellectual","start":8148.19,"end":8148.71},{"text":"property","start":8148.71,"end":8149.31},{"text":"rights","start":8149.31,"end":8149.59},{"text":"for","start":8149.59,"end":8149.71},{"text":"peasants,","start":8149.71,"end":8150.19},{"text":"in","start":8150.35,"end":8150.43},{"text":"particular","start":8150.43,"end":8150.87},{"text":"for","start":8150.87,"end":8150.99},{"text":"traditional","start":8150.99,"end":8151.47},{"text":"seeds.","start":8151.47,"end":8151.95}]},{"text":"In Sudan, peasants have been highly affected by the rebel militias' actions and their attacks, as they have taken possession of land and the harvest of peasants wherever they and we'd like to mention a report of the OHCHR on the pillaging carried out by the militia, in particular in Khartoum and in other cities and regions as well, where houses have been seized by soldiers and peasants have died defending their property.","start":8152.11,"end":8191.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8152.11,"end":8152.23},{"text":"Sudan,","start":8152.23,"end":8152.75},{"text":"peasants","start":8154.51,"end":8154.91},{"text":"have","start":8154.91,"end":8155.15},{"text":"been","start":8155.15,"end":8155.31},{"text":"highly","start":8155.31,"end":8155.67},{"text":"affected","start":8155.67,"end":8156.27},{"text":"by","start":8156.27,"end":8156.83},{"text":"the","start":8158.67,"end":8158.79},{"text":"rebel","start":8159.39,"end":8159.79},{"text":"militias'","start":8159.79,"end":8160.59},{"text":"actions","start":8160.59,"end":8161.39},{"text":"and","start":8161.55,"end":8161.71},{"text":"their","start":8161.71,"end":8161.83},{"text":"attacks,","start":8161.83,"end":8162.27},{"text":"as","start":8162.27,"end":8162.35},{"text":"they","start":8162.35,"end":8162.51},{"text":"have","start":8162.51,"end":8162.75},{"text":"taken","start":8162.75,"end":8163.55},{"text":"possession","start":8164.11,"end":8164.83},{"text":"of","start":8164.83,"end":8165.31},{"text":"land","start":8165.31,"end":8165.87},{"text":"and","start":8165.87,"end":8166.27},{"text":"the","start":8166.27,"end":8166.35},{"text":"harvest","start":8166.35,"end":8167.07},{"text":"of","start":8167.07,"end":8167.23},{"text":"peasants","start":8167.23,"end":8167.71},{"text":"wherever","start":8167.71,"end":8168.19},{"text":"they","start":8168.19,"end":8168.51},{"text":"and","start":8169.15,"end":8169.51},{"text":"we'd","start":8169.51,"end":8169.83},{"text":"like","start":8169.83,"end":8170.07},{"text":"to","start":8170.55,"end":8170.71},{"text":"mention","start":8170.71,"end":8171.03},{"text":"a","start":8171.03,"end":8171.07},{"text":"report","start":8171.07,"end":8171.67},{"text":"of","start":8171.67,"end":8172.07},{"text":"the","start":8172.07,"end":8172.19},{"text":"OHCHR","start":8173.23,"end":8174.23},{"text":"on","start":8174.87,"end":8175.19},{"text":"the","start":8175.19,"end":8175.27},{"text":"pillaging","start":8175.35,"end":8176.15},{"text":"carried","start":8176.23,"end":8176.55},{"text":"out","start":8176.55,"end":8176.87},{"text":"by","start":8176.87,"end":8177.19},{"text":"the","start":8177.27,"end":8177.47},{"text":"militia,","start":8177.51,"end":8178.23},{"text":"in","start":8178.39,"end":8178.47},{"text":"particular","start":8178.47,"end":8178.95},{"text":"in","start":8178.95,"end":8179.03},{"text":"Khartoum","start":8179.03,"end":8179.83},{"text":"and","start":8180.23,"end":8180.47},{"text":"in","start":8180.47,"end":8180.63},{"text":"other","start":8180.63,"end":8181.11},{"text":"cities","start":8183.51,"end":8184.03},{"text":"and","start":8184.03,"end":8184.15},{"text":"regions","start":8184.15,"end":8184.43},{"text":"as","start":8184.43,"end":8184.63},{"text":"well,","start":8184.63,"end":8185.11},{"text":"where","start":8186.19,"end":8186.39},{"text":"houses","start":8186.39,"end":8186.71},{"text":"have","start":8186.71,"end":8186.95},{"text":"been","start":8186.95,"end":8187.43},{"text":"seized","start":8187.43,"end":8187.91},{"text":"by","start":8187.91,"end":8188.15},{"text":"soldiers","start":8188.23,"end":8188.87},{"text":"and","start":8189.03,"end":8189.23},{"text":"peasants","start":8189.23,"end":8189.51},{"text":"have","start":8189.51,"end":8189.67},{"text":"died","start":8189.67,"end":8189.95},{"text":"defending","start":8189.95,"end":8190.31},{"text":"their","start":8190.31,"end":8190.43},{"text":"property.","start":8190.43,"end":8191.11}]},{"text":"This has led to chaos, and we've also seen humanitarian assistance which has been stolen.","start":8191.59,"end":8198.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8191.59,"end":8191.99},{"text":"has","start":8191.99,"end":8192.19},{"text":"led","start":8192.19,"end":8192.31},{"text":"to","start":8192.31,"end":8192.43},{"text":"chaos,","start":8192.43,"end":8193.19},{"text":"and","start":8194.55,"end":8194.87},{"text":"we've","start":8194.87,"end":8195.07},{"text":"also","start":8195.07,"end":8195.27},{"text":"seen","start":8195.31,"end":8195.63},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8195.63,"end":8196.15},{"text":"assistance","start":8196.15,"end":8196.59},{"text":"which","start":8196.59,"end":8196.75},{"text":"has","start":8196.75,"end":8196.87},{"text":"been","start":8196.87,"end":8197.35},{"text":"stolen.","start":8197.75,"end":8198.39}]},{"text":"And we've seen that some products have been pillaged from peasants and then exported to be sold for profit.","start":8200.27,"end":8205.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8200.27,"end":8200.59},{"text":"we've","start":8200.59,"end":8200.83},{"text":"seen","start":8200.83,"end":8201.15},{"text":"that","start":8201.15,"end":8201.27},{"text":"some","start":8201.27,"end":8201.43},{"text":"products","start":8201.43,"end":8201.75},{"text":"have","start":8201.75,"end":8201.95},{"text":"been","start":8201.95,"end":8202.43},{"text":"pillaged","start":8202.43,"end":8202.75},{"text":"from","start":8202.75,"end":8202.91},{"text":"peasants","start":8202.91,"end":8203.27},{"text":"and","start":8203.27,"end":8203.39},{"text":"then","start":8203.39,"end":8203.55},{"text":"exported","start":8203.55,"end":8204.15},{"text":"to","start":8204.15,"end":8204.35},{"text":"be","start":8204.35,"end":8204.51},{"text":"sold","start":8204.51,"end":8204.87},{"text":"for","start":8204.87,"end":8204.99},{"text":"profit.","start":8204.99,"end":8205.47}]},{"text":"This has had a major impact on the Sudanese rural communities.","start":8205.71,"end":8209.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8205.71,"end":8205.87},{"text":"has","start":8205.87,"end":8206.07},{"text":"had","start":8206.43,"end":8206.63},{"text":"a","start":8206.63,"end":8206.67},{"text":"major","start":8206.67,"end":8206.95},{"text":"impact","start":8206.95,"end":8207.47},{"text":"on","start":8207.47,"end":8207.75},{"text":"the","start":8207.75,"end":8207.87},{"text":"Sudanese","start":8207.87,"end":8208.35},{"text":"rural","start":8208.35,"end":8208.55},{"text":"communities.","start":8208.55,"end":8209.07}]},{"text":"We call upon the international community to combat this.","start":8209.07,"end":8211.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8209.07,"end":8209.15},{"text":"call","start":8209.15,"end":8209.27},{"text":"upon","start":8209.27,"end":8209.43},{"text":"the","start":8209.43,"end":8209.51},{"text":"international","start":8209.51,"end":8209.99},{"text":"community","start":8209.99,"end":8210.39},{"text":"to","start":8210.39,"end":8210.51},{"text":"combat","start":8210.59,"end":8211.55},{"text":"this.","start":8211.55,"end":8211.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"SDN","affiliation_full":"Sudan","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":135,"start":8211.95,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8212","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":8211.95,"end":8212.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8211.95,"end":8212.19},{"text":"you.","start":8212.19,"end":8212.27}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso.","start":8212.27,"end":8215.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8212.27,"end":8212.31},{"text":"give","start":8212.31,"end":8212.55},{"text":"the","start":8212.59,"end":8212.67},{"text":"floor","start":8212.67,"end":8212.91},{"text":"to","start":8212.91,"end":8212.99},{"text":"the","start":8212.99,"end":8213.07},{"text":"distinguished","start":8213.07,"end":8213.87},{"text":"representative","start":8213.87,"end":8214.51},{"text":"of","start":8214.51,"end":8214.59},{"text":"Burkina","start":8214.59,"end":8215.07},{"text":"Faso.","start":8215.07,"end":8215.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":136,"start":8218.71,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8219","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":8218.71,"end":8219.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8218.71,"end":8218.95},{"text":"you,","start":8218.95,"end":8219.03},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":8219.03,"end":8219.87}]},{"text":"My delegation thanks the working group for this report.","start":8220.35,"end":8224.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":8220.35,"end":8220.51},{"text":"delegation","start":8220.51,"end":8221.15},{"text":"thanks","start":8221.15,"end":8221.59},{"text":"the","start":8221.59,"end":8221.67},{"text":"working","start":8221.67,"end":8222.11},{"text":"group","start":8222.11,"end":8222.91},{"text":"for","start":8223.19,"end":8223.31},{"text":"this","start":8223.31,"end":8223.55},{"text":"report.","start":8223.55,"end":8224.27}]},{"text":"and associates itself with the statement made by the African group, but we would like to make a few further points concerning the situation in Burkina Faso.","start":8224.71,"end":8233.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":8224.71,"end":8224.95},{"text":"associates","start":8224.95,"end":8225.43},{"text":"itself","start":8225.43,"end":8225.91},{"text":"with","start":8225.91,"end":8226.19},{"text":"the","start":8226.19,"end":8226.27},{"text":"statement","start":8226.31,"end":8226.79},{"text":"made","start":8226.79,"end":8227.03},{"text":"by","start":8227.03,"end":8227.15},{"text":"the","start":8227.15,"end":8227.23},{"text":"African","start":8227.23,"end":8227.51},{"text":"group,","start":8227.51,"end":8227.91},{"text":"but","start":8227.99,"end":8228.15},{"text":"we","start":8228.15,"end":8228.31},{"text":"would","start":8228.31,"end":8228.47},{"text":"like","start":8228.47,"end":8228.87},{"text":"to","start":8228.87,"end":8229.27},{"text":"make","start":8229.75,"end":8230.15},{"text":"a","start":8230.31,"end":8230.35},{"text":"few","start":8230.35,"end":8230.71},{"text":"further","start":8230.71,"end":8231.15},{"text":"points","start":8231.15,"end":8231.91},{"text":"concerning","start":8231.91,"end":8232.35},{"text":"the","start":8232.35,"end":8232.43},{"text":"situation","start":8232.43,"end":8232.79},{"text":"in","start":8232.79,"end":8232.87},{"text":"Burkina","start":8232.87,"end":8233.19},{"text":"Faso.","start":8233.19,"end":8233.51}]},{"text":"Population displacement, the destruction of gene and seed banks through terrorist attacks and climate change are all jeopardizing genetic diversity of peasant seeds in Burkina Faso.","start":8234.55,"end":8248.15,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Population","start":8234.55,"end":8235.15},{"text":"displacement,","start":8235.15,"end":8235.99},{"text":"the","start":8235.99,"end":8236.11},{"text":"destruction","start":8236.11,"end":8236.87},{"text":"of","start":8236.87,"end":8237.11},{"text":"gene","start":8237.11,"end":8237.51},{"text":"and","start":8237.51,"end":8237.63},{"text":"seed","start":8237.63,"end":8237.99},{"text":"banks","start":8237.99,"end":8238.63},{"text":"through","start":8239.11,"end":8239.35},{"text":"terrorist","start":8239.35,"end":8239.79},{"text":"attacks","start":8239.79,"end":8240.39},{"text":"and","start":8240.79,"end":8241.11},{"text":"climate","start":8241.11,"end":8241.55},{"text":"change","start":8241.55,"end":8242.15},{"text":"are","start":8242.47,"end":8242.67},{"text":"all","start":8242.71,"end":8243.27},{"text":"jeopardizing","start":8243.35,"end":8244.39},{"text":"genetic","start":8244.39,"end":8244.95},{"text":"diversity","start":8244.95,"end":8245.67},{"text":"of","start":8245.67,"end":8246.15},{"text":"peasant","start":8246.15,"end":8246.55},{"text":"seeds","start":8246.55,"end":8247.11},{"text":"in","start":8247.11,"end":8247.35},{"text":"Burkina","start":8247.35,"end":8247.75},{"text":"Faso.","start":8247.75,"end":8248.15}]},{"text":"To combat this, public policies have been implemented.","start":8249.99,"end":8253.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":8249.99,"end":8250.15},{"text":"combat","start":8250.15,"end":8250.51},{"text":"this,","start":8250.51,"end":8250.87},{"text":"public","start":8250.95,"end":8251.43},{"text":"policies","start":8251.43,"end":8251.91},{"text":"have","start":8251.91,"end":8252.07},{"text":"been","start":8252.07,"end":8252.27},{"text":"implemented.","start":8252.27,"end":8253.11}]},{"text":"Law 20/2019 manages phytogenetic resources.","start":8254.83,"end":8259.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Law","start":8254.83,"end":8255.35},{"text":"20/2019","start":8255.71,"end":8257.31},{"text":"manages","start":8257.31,"end":8257.95},{"text":"phytogenetic","start":8258.03,"end":8258.71},{"text":"resources.","start":8258.71,"end":8259.47}]},{"text":"In addition to this, a national gene bank, which has been operational since 2025, has allowed us to save local seeds and to guarantee food sovereignty.","start":8259.67,"end":8270.11,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8259.67,"end":8259.79},{"text":"addition","start":8259.79,"end":8260.19},{"text":"to","start":8260.19,"end":8260.35},{"text":"this,","start":8260.35,"end":8260.67},{"text":"a","start":8260.67,"end":8260.75},{"text":"national","start":8260.75,"end":8261.15},{"text":"gene","start":8261.15,"end":8261.47},{"text":"bank,","start":8261.47,"end":8261.79},{"text":"which","start":8261.79,"end":8261.99},{"text":"has","start":8262.59,"end":8262.83},{"text":"been","start":8262.83,"end":8262.95},{"text":"operational","start":8262.95,"end":8263.47},{"text":"since","start":8263.47,"end":8263.71},{"text":"2025,","start":8263.71,"end":8264.59},{"text":"has","start":8264.75,"end":8264.87},{"text":"allowed","start":8264.87,"end":8265.23},{"text":"us","start":8265.23,"end":8265.39},{"text":"to","start":8265.39,"end":8265.95},{"text":"save","start":8266.59,"end":8266.99},{"text":"local","start":8266.99,"end":8267.55},{"text":"seeds","start":8267.55,"end":8268.19},{"text":"and","start":8268.19,"end":8268.35},{"text":"to","start":8268.35,"end":8268.43},{"text":"guarantee","start":8268.43,"end":8268.99},{"text":"food","start":8268.99,"end":8269.35},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":8269.35,"end":8270.11}]},{"text":"And the agro-pastoral and fisheries offensive and the presidential initiative for the agricultural production and food self-sufficiency launched in 2023 and 2024 aim to support local production and to guarantee food sovereignty.","start":8270.51,"end":8287.35,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8270.51,"end":8270.87},{"text":"the","start":8270.87,"end":8270.95},{"text":"agro-pastoral","start":8270.99,"end":8272.51},{"text":"and","start":8272.59,"end":8272.75},{"text":"fisheries","start":8272.75,"end":8273.31},{"text":"offensive","start":8273.31,"end":8274.03},{"text":"and","start":8274.27,"end":8274.51},{"text":"the","start":8274.51,"end":8274.59},{"text":"presidential","start":8274.59,"end":8275.03},{"text":"initiative","start":8275.03,"end":8275.35},{"text":"for","start":8275.35,"end":8275.47},{"text":"the","start":8275.47,"end":8275.55},{"text":"agricultural","start":8276.63,"end":8277.15},{"text":"production","start":8277.15,"end":8277.91},{"text":"and","start":8278.23,"end":8278.63},{"text":"food","start":8278.79,"end":8279.07},{"text":"self-sufficiency","start":8279.07,"end":8280.07},{"text":"launched","start":8280.07,"end":8280.55},{"text":"in","start":8280.55,"end":8280.71},{"text":"2023","start":8280.71,"end":8281.39},{"text":"and","start":8281.39,"end":8281.63},{"text":"2024","start":8281.63,"end":8282.47},{"text":"aim","start":8282.79,"end":8282.95},{"text":"to","start":8282.95,"end":8283.07},{"text":"support","start":8283.07,"end":8283.51},{"text":"local","start":8283.51,"end":8283.91},{"text":"production","start":8283.91,"end":8284.63},{"text":"and","start":8284.63,"end":8284.91},{"text":"to","start":8284.91,"end":8285.11},{"text":"guarantee","start":8285.11,"end":8285.91},{"text":"food","start":8285.99,"end":8286.47},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":8286.47,"end":8287.35}]},{"text":"Moreover, inputs and equipment, financial support, and land tenure are all important measures which have been deployed as much as a solidarity for peasant organizations to help the affected communities affected by the security crisis.","start":8288.31,"end":8307.03,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Moreover,","start":8288.31,"end":8289.11},{"text":"inputs","start":8291.11,"end":8291.55},{"text":"and","start":8291.55,"end":8291.67},{"text":"equipment,","start":8291.67,"end":8292.35},{"text":"financial","start":8292.35,"end":8292.87},{"text":"support,","start":8292.87,"end":8293.67},{"text":"and","start":8294.15,"end":8294.63},{"text":"land","start":8295.19,"end":8295.43},{"text":"tenure","start":8295.43,"end":8295.95},{"text":"are","start":8295.99,"end":8296.23},{"text":"all","start":8296.23,"end":8296.47},{"text":"important","start":8296.47,"end":8297.19},{"text":"measures","start":8297.19,"end":8297.47},{"text":"which","start":8297.47,"end":8297.71},{"text":"have","start":8297.71,"end":8297.83},{"text":"been","start":8297.83,"end":8297.99},{"text":"deployed","start":8297.99,"end":8298.79},{"text":"as","start":8299.75,"end":8299.91},{"text":"much","start":8299.91,"end":8300.03},{"text":"as","start":8300.03,"end":8300.15},{"text":"a","start":8300.15,"end":8300.19},{"text":"solidarity","start":8300.19,"end":8301.11},{"text":"for","start":8301.11,"end":8301.35},{"text":"peasant","start":8301.35,"end":8301.75},{"text":"organizations","start":8301.75,"end":8302.79},{"text":"to","start":8302.95,"end":8303.11},{"text":"help","start":8303.11,"end":8303.43},{"text":"the","start":8303.43,"end":8303.51},{"text":"affected","start":8303.51,"end":8303.91},{"text":"communities","start":8303.91,"end":8304.79},{"text":"affected","start":8304.79,"end":8305.23},{"text":"by","start":8305.23,"end":8305.51},{"text":"the","start":8305.51,"end":8305.71},{"text":"security","start":8305.75,"end":8306.31},{"text":"crisis.","start":8306.31,"end":8307.03}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":8307.03,"end":8307.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8307.03,"end":8307.35},{"text":"you.","start":8307.35,"end":8307.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BFA","affiliation_full":"Burkina Faso","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":137,"start":8308.23,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8309","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":8308.23,"end":8309.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":8308.23,"end":8308.55},{"text":"gracias.","start":8308.55,"end":8309.27}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":8309.55,"end":8310.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8309.55,"end":8309.83},{"text":"you","start":8309.83,"end":8309.99},{"text":"very","start":8310.15,"end":8310.35},{"text":"much.","start":8310.39,"end":8310.79}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand.","start":8310.79,"end":8314.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8310.79,"end":8310.87},{"text":"give","start":8310.87,"end":8311.07},{"text":"the","start":8311.07,"end":8311.19},{"text":"floor","start":8311.19,"end":8311.43},{"text":"to","start":8311.43,"end":8311.51},{"text":"the","start":8311.51,"end":8311.59},{"text":"distinguished","start":8311.59,"end":8312.19},{"text":"representative","start":8312.19,"end":8313.19},{"text":"of","start":8313.23,"end":8313.43},{"text":"Thailand.","start":8313.51,"end":8314.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":138,"start":8315.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8316","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":8315.51,"end":8316.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8315.51,"end":8315.75},{"text":"you,","start":8315.75,"end":8315.83},{"text":"Mr.","start":8315.83,"end":8316.11},{"text":"Vice","start":8316.11,"end":8316.31},{"text":"President.","start":8316.31,"end":8316.99}]},{"text":"Thailand thanks the working group for its report and its focus on rights to seeds.","start":8317.43,"end":8321.59,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Thailand","start":8317.43,"end":8317.87},{"text":"thanks","start":8317.87,"end":8318.27},{"text":"the","start":8318.27,"end":8318.35},{"text":"working","start":8318.35,"end":8318.67},{"text":"group","start":8318.67,"end":8318.83},{"text":"for","start":8318.83,"end":8318.95},{"text":"its","start":8318.95,"end":8319.11},{"text":"report","start":8319.11,"end":8319.63},{"text":"and","start":8319.63,"end":8319.79},{"text":"its","start":8319.79,"end":8319.91},{"text":"focus","start":8319.91,"end":8320.39},{"text":"on","start":8320.39,"end":8320.63},{"text":"rights","start":8320.63,"end":8320.87},{"text":"to","start":8320.87,"end":8320.99},{"text":"seeds.","start":8320.99,"end":8321.59}]},{"text":"May I also add that it was a pleasure to welcome you, Madam Chair, to our mission yesterday.","start":8322.07,"end":8325.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"May","start":8322.07,"end":8322.31},{"text":"I","start":8322.31,"end":8322.35},{"text":"also","start":8322.35,"end":8322.63},{"text":"add","start":8322.63,"end":8322.83},{"text":"that","start":8322.83,"end":8322.95},{"text":"it","start":8322.95,"end":8323.03},{"text":"was","start":8323.03,"end":8323.15},{"text":"a","start":8323.15,"end":8323.19},{"text":"pleasure","start":8323.19,"end":8323.55},{"text":"to","start":8323.55,"end":8323.63},{"text":"welcome","start":8323.63,"end":8323.99},{"text":"you,","start":8323.99,"end":8324.15},{"text":"Madam","start":8324.15,"end":8324.43},{"text":"Chair,","start":8324.43,"end":8324.71},{"text":"to","start":8324.71,"end":8324.83},{"text":"our","start":8324.83,"end":8325.03},{"text":"mission","start":8325.03,"end":8325.35},{"text":"yesterday.","start":8325.39,"end":8325.91}]},{"text":"As an agricultural country, Thailand attaches great importance to seeds, not only as an essential agricultural input, but also as part of our biodiversity, food security, local knowledge, and the livelihoods of farming communities.","start":8326.95,"end":8342.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8326.95,"end":8327.19},{"text":"an","start":8327.19,"end":8327.27},{"text":"agricultural","start":8327.27,"end":8327.87},{"text":"country,","start":8327.87,"end":8328.47},{"text":"Thailand","start":8328.71,"end":8329.07},{"text":"attaches","start":8329.07,"end":8329.55},{"text":"great","start":8329.55,"end":8329.79},{"text":"importance","start":8329.79,"end":8330.31},{"text":"to","start":8330.31,"end":8330.43},{"text":"seeds,","start":8330.47,"end":8331.03},{"text":"not","start":8331.35,"end":8331.59},{"text":"only","start":8331.59,"end":8331.91},{"text":"as","start":8331.91,"end":8332.03},{"text":"an","start":8332.03,"end":8332.23},{"text":"essential","start":8332.23,"end":8332.87},{"text":"agricultural","start":8332.87,"end":8333.43},{"text":"input,","start":8333.43,"end":8333.99},{"text":"but","start":8334.31,"end":8334.47},{"text":"also","start":8334.47,"end":8334.87},{"text":"as","start":8334.87,"end":8335.03},{"text":"part","start":8335.03,"end":8335.35},{"text":"of","start":8335.35,"end":8335.51},{"text":"our","start":8335.51,"end":8335.83},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":8335.83,"end":8337.03},{"text":"food","start":8337.27,"end":8337.55},{"text":"security,","start":8337.59,"end":8338.39},{"text":"local","start":8338.71,"end":8339.03},{"text":"knowledge,","start":8339.03,"end":8339.75},{"text":"and","start":8339.99,"end":8340.11},{"text":"the","start":8340.11,"end":8340.19},{"text":"livelihoods","start":8340.19,"end":8340.87},{"text":"of","start":8340.87,"end":8340.95},{"text":"farming","start":8340.95,"end":8341.39},{"text":"communities.","start":8341.39,"end":8342.31}]},{"text":"For more than three decades, the Plant Genetic Conservation Project under the Royal Initiative of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn has promoted the conservation and study of Thailand's plant genetic resources, building on the establishment of a seed bank and encouraging wider awareness of the importance of preserving plant diversity for future generations at a national level.","start":8342.87,"end":8370.67,"topics":[{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":8342.87,"end":8343.03},{"text":"more","start":8343.03,"end":8343.27},{"text":"than","start":8343.27,"end":8343.43},{"text":"three","start":8343.43,"end":8343.67},{"text":"decades,","start":8343.67,"end":8344.39},{"text":"the","start":8344.79,"end":8344.91},{"text":"Plant","start":8344.91,"end":8345.31},{"text":"Genetic","start":8345.31,"end":8345.79},{"text":"Conservation","start":8345.79,"end":8346.39},{"text":"Project","start":8346.39,"end":8347.03},{"text":"under","start":8347.35,"end":8347.63},{"text":"the","start":8347.63,"end":8347.71},{"text":"Royal","start":8347.71,"end":8348.03},{"text":"Initiative","start":8348.03,"end":8348.79},{"text":"of","start":8348.95,"end":8349.11},{"text":"Her","start":8349.11,"end":8349.43},{"text":"Royal","start":8349.43,"end":8349.67},{"text":"Highness","start":8349.67,"end":8350.15},{"text":"Princess","start":8350.23,"end":8350.71},{"text":"Maha","start":8350.71,"end":8351.11},{"text":"Chakri","start":8351.35,"end":8351.75},{"text":"Sirindhorn","start":8351.75,"end":8352.55},{"text":"has","start":8352.99,"end":8353.23},{"text":"promoted","start":8353.23,"end":8353.91},{"text":"the","start":8353.91,"end":8354.03},{"text":"conservation","start":8354.03,"end":8354.91},{"text":"and","start":8355.11,"end":8355.23},{"text":"study","start":8355.23,"end":8355.67},{"text":"of","start":8355.67,"end":8355.79},{"text":"Thailand's","start":8355.79,"end":8356.55},{"text":"plant","start":8356.55,"end":8356.95},{"text":"genetic","start":8356.95,"end":8357.31},{"text":"resources,","start":8357.31,"end":8358.19},{"text":"building","start":8358.75,"end":8359.23},{"text":"on","start":8359.23,"end":8359.35},{"text":"the","start":8359.35,"end":8359.43},{"text":"establishment","start":8359.43,"end":8360.15},{"text":"of","start":8360.15,"end":8360.27},{"text":"a","start":8360.27,"end":8360.35},{"text":"seed","start":8360.35,"end":8360.67},{"text":"bank","start":8360.67,"end":8361.07},{"text":"and","start":8361.39,"end":8361.51},{"text":"encouraging","start":8361.51,"end":8362.27},{"text":"wider","start":8362.59,"end":8363.07},{"text":"awareness","start":8363.07,"end":8363.95},{"text":"of","start":8364.15,"end":8364.27},{"text":"the","start":8364.27,"end":8364.35},{"text":"importance","start":8364.35,"end":8364.99},{"text":"of","start":8364.99,"end":8365.15},{"text":"preserving","start":8365.15,"end":8365.71},{"text":"plant","start":8365.71,"end":8366.07},{"text":"diversity","start":8366.07,"end":8366.83},{"text":"for","start":8367.15,"end":8367.39},{"text":"future","start":8367.39,"end":8367.71},{"text":"generations","start":8367.71,"end":8368.67},{"text":"at","start":8369.47,"end":8369.63},{"text":"a","start":8369.63,"end":8369.67},{"text":"national","start":8369.67,"end":8370.11},{"text":"level.","start":8370.11,"end":8370.67}]},{"text":"The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives operates the gene bank to collect and conserve native, wild, and economically important plant genetic resources while supporting their use for research and plant breeding.","start":8371.27,"end":8385.83,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8371.27,"end":8371.43},{"text":"Ministry","start":8371.43,"end":8371.79},{"text":"of","start":8371.79,"end":8371.87},{"text":"Agriculture","start":8371.87,"end":8372.55},{"text":"and","start":8372.55,"end":8372.71},{"text":"Cooperatives","start":8372.71,"end":8373.51},{"text":"operates","start":8373.59,"end":8374.03},{"text":"the","start":8374.03,"end":8374.15},{"text":"gene","start":8374.15,"end":8374.55},{"text":"bank","start":8374.55,"end":8374.95},{"text":"to","start":8375.31,"end":8375.43},{"text":"collect","start":8375.43,"end":8375.95},{"text":"and","start":8375.95,"end":8376.07},{"text":"conserve","start":8376.07,"end":8376.71},{"text":"native,","start":8377.03,"end":8377.83},{"text":"wild,","start":8377.91,"end":8378.47},{"text":"and","start":8378.47,"end":8378.75},{"text":"economically","start":8378.75,"end":8379.43},{"text":"important","start":8379.43,"end":8380.03},{"text":"plant","start":8380.23,"end":8380.59},{"text":"genetic","start":8380.59,"end":8381.03},{"text":"resources","start":8381.03,"end":8381.91},{"text":"while","start":8382.15,"end":8382.39},{"text":"supporting","start":8382.39,"end":8382.95},{"text":"their","start":8382.95,"end":8383.27},{"text":"use","start":8383.27,"end":8383.83},{"text":"for","start":8383.83,"end":8384.07},{"text":"research","start":8384.07,"end":8384.55},{"text":"and","start":8384.55,"end":8384.79},{"text":"plant","start":8384.79,"end":8385.27},{"text":"breeding.","start":8385.27,"end":8385.83}]},{"text":"Finally, Madam Chair, as AI is increasingly used in agriculture and plant breeding, how can we harness its potential to strengthen seed resilience while protecting traditional knowledge and farmers' rights?","start":8386.55,"end":8399.99,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8410.55,"end":8410.83},{"text":"Vice","start":8410.83,"end":8410.99},{"text":"President,","start":8410.99,"end":8411.47},{"text":"Indonesia","start":8411.71,"end":8412.31},{"text":"affirms","start":8412.31,"end":8412.75},{"text":"the","start":8412.75,"end":8412.87},{"text":"importance","start":8412.87,"end":8413.39},{"text":"of","start":8413.39,"end":8413.55},{"text":"the","start":8413.55,"end":8413.63},{"text":"rights","start":8413.63,"end":8413.91},{"text":"to","start":8413.91,"end":8413.99},{"text":"seeds","start":8413.99,"end":8414.27},{"text":"for","start":8414.27,"end":8414.43},{"text":"peasants","start":8414.43,"end":8414.91},{"text":"and","start":8414.91,"end":8415.11},{"text":"other","start":8415.11,"end":8415.27},{"text":"people","start":8415.27,"end":8415.55},{"text":"working","start":8415.55,"end":8415.87},{"text":"in","start":8415.87,"end":8416.03},{"text":"rural","start":8416.03,"end":8416.31},{"text":"areas.","start":8416.31,"end":8416.83}]},{"text":"Since 2005, our government has registered more than 4,800 plant varieties, including more than 2,800 local varieties, contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources and their development by farming communities.","start":8417.15,"end":8432.91,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Zambia","start":8509.03,"end":8509.35},{"text":"welcomes","start":8509.35,"end":8509.75},{"text":"the","start":8509.75,"end":8509.83},{"text":"Working","start":8509.83,"end":8510.15},{"text":"Group's","start":8510.15,"end":8510.47},{"text":"report","start":8510.47,"end":8510.95},{"text":"on","start":8510.95,"end":8511.03},{"text":"the","start":8511.03,"end":8511.15},{"text":"right","start":8511.15,"end":8511.59},{"text":"to","start":8511.67,"end":8511.83},{"text":"seeds.","start":8511.83,"end":8512.31}]},{"text":"For Zambia, where small-scale farmers remain central to food security and rural livelihoods, access to affordable, diverse, and climate-resilient seed is fundamental to sustainable development.","start":8512.79,"end":8523.51,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":8637.55,"end":8637.95},{"text":"they","start":8637.95,"end":8638.19},{"text":"are","start":8638.19,"end":8638.31},{"text":"particularly","start":8638.31,"end":8639.07},{"text":"vulnerable","start":8639.07,"end":8639.79},{"text":"to","start":8639.95,"end":8640.11},{"text":"poverty,","start":8640.11,"end":8640.91},{"text":"land","start":8641.55,"end":8641.87},{"text":"insecurity","start":8641.87,"end":8642.83},{"text":"and","start":8643.15,"end":8643.43},{"text":"to","start":8643.43,"end":8643.63},{"text":"climate","start":8643.63,"end":8644.27},{"text":"change.","start":8644.27,"end":8644.83}]},{"text":"In line with the principles of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants, Benin reasserts its commitment to protect the fundamental rights of peasants, a vital precondition for us achieving the right to food and sustainable development.","start":8646.63,"end":8659.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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The Gambia aligned itself with the African Group statement and thanks the working group for its report and its continued work in advancing the rights of peasants.","start":8710.19,"end":8721.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8721.75,"end":8721.87},{"text":"a","start":8721.87,"end":8721.95},{"text":"member","start":8721.95,"end":8722.23},{"text":"of","start":8722.23,"end":8722.35},{"text":"the","start":8722.35,"end":8722.43},{"text":"core","start":8722.43,"end":8722.67},{"text":"group","start":8722.67,"end":8722.91},{"text":"that","start":8722.91,"end":8723.15},{"text":"supported","start":8723.31,"end":8723.91},{"text":"the","start":8723.91,"end":8723.99},{"text":"establishment","start":8723.99,"end":8724.71},{"text":"of","start":8724.71,"end":8724.83},{"text":"this","start":8724.83,"end":8724.99},{"text":"mandate,","start":8724.99,"end":8725.47},{"text":"The","start":8725.87,"end":8725.99},{"text":"Gambia","start":8725.99,"end":8726.43},{"text":"attaches","start":8726.43,"end":8726.75},{"text":"particular","start":8726.75,"end":8727.27},{"text":"importance","start":8727.27,"end":8727.87},{"text":"ensuring","start":8727.87,"end":8728.39},{"text":"that","start":8728.39,"end":8728.55},{"text":"the","start":8728.55,"end":8728.63},{"text":"concerns","start":8728.63,"end":8729.27},{"text":"of","start":8729.27,"end":8729.39},{"text":"peasants","start":8729.39,"end":8729.87},{"text":"remain","start":8729.87,"end":8730.19},{"text":"visible","start":8730.19,"end":8730.67},{"text":"in","start":8730.67,"end":8730.75},{"text":"the","start":8730.75,"end":8730.83},{"text":"work","start":8730.83,"end":8731.07},{"text":"of","start":8731.07,"end":8731.15},{"text":"this","start":8731.15,"end":8731.39},{"text":"Council.","start":8731.39,"end":8731.87}]},{"text":"The report's focus on the right to seeds is particularly relevant for us, where the adverse effects of climate change has threatened the seed security of peasants.","start":8732.43,"end":8741.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8732.43,"end":8732.55},{"text":"report's","start":8732.55,"end":8733.03},{"text":"focus","start":8733.03,"end":8733.39},{"text":"on","start":8733.39,"end":8733.55},{"text":"the","start":8733.55,"end":8733.63},{"text":"right","start":8733.63,"end":8733.99},{"text":"to","start":8733.99,"end":8734.07},{"text":"seeds","start":8734.07,"end":8734.43},{"text":"is","start":8734.43,"end":8734.59},{"text":"particularly","start":8734.59,"end":8735.19},{"text":"relevant","start":8735.19,"end":8735.67},{"text":"for","start":8735.67,"end":8735.95},{"text":"us,","start":8735.95,"end":8736.11},{"text":"where","start":8736.43,"end":8736.67},{"text":"the","start":8736.67,"end":8736.79},{"text":"adverse","start":8736.79,"end":8737.23},{"text":"effects","start":8737.23,"end":8737.63},{"text":"of","start":8737.63,"end":8737.75},{"text":"climate","start":8737.75,"end":8738.15},{"text":"change","start":8738.15,"end":8738.51},{"text":"has","start":8738.51,"end":8738.75},{"text":"threatened","start":8738.75,"end":8739.27},{"text":"the","start":8739.31,"end":8739.63},{"text":"seed","start":8739.63,"end":8739.87},{"text":"security","start":8739.87,"end":8740.51},{"text":"of","start":8740.51,"end":8740.67},{"text":"peasants.","start":8740.67,"end":8741.23}]},{"text":"In response, the government of The Gambia, through its various institutions, the private sector and other indigenous stakeholders, in cooperation with development partners, has prioritized the adequate and timely availability of quality seeds to farmers at reasonable prices and at appropriate locations.","start":8741.71,"end":8758.35,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8758.75,"end":8758.83},{"text":"this","start":8758.83,"end":8759.07},{"text":"regard,","start":8759.07,"end":8759.55},{"text":"the","start":8759.95,"end":8760.07},{"text":"government","start":8760.07,"end":8760.59},{"text":"has","start":8760.59,"end":8760.83},{"text":"launched","start":8760.83,"end":8761.31},{"text":"a","start":8761.39,"end":8761.43},{"text":"massive","start":8761.43,"end":8761.87},{"text":"distribution","start":8761.87,"end":8762.55},{"text":"of","start":8762.55,"end":8762.63},{"text":"certified","start":8762.63,"end":8763.23},{"text":"seeds","start":8763.23,"end":8763.63},{"text":"to","start":8763.91,"end":8763.99},{"text":"support","start":8764.03,"end":8764.43},{"text":"farmers","start":8764.43,"end":8764.91},{"text":"across","start":8764.91,"end":8765.31},{"text":"all","start":8765.31,"end":8765.55},{"text":"agricultural","start":8765.59,"end":8766.27},{"text":"regions.","start":8766.27,"end":8766.91}]},{"text":"In particular, the Gambia Inclusive and Resilient Agricultural Value Chain Development Project, GIRAV, helps import and test high-yielding rice varieties to improve local food security.","start":8767.27,"end":8779.19,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8767.27,"end":8767.43},{"text":"particular,","start":8767.43,"end":8768.11},{"text":"the","start":8768.39,"end":8768.59},{"text":"Gambia","start":8768.59,"end":8768.95},{"text":"Inclusive","start":8768.95,"end":8769.59},{"text":"and","start":8769.63,"end":8769.75},{"text":"Resilient","start":8769.75,"end":8770.35},{"text":"Agricultural","start":8770.51,"end":8771.23},{"text":"Value","start":8771.23,"end":8771.67},{"text":"Chain","start":8771.67,"end":8771.91},{"text":"Development","start":8771.91,"end":8772.51},{"text":"Project,","start":8772.51,"end":8772.87},{"text":"GIRAV,","start":8772.87,"end":8773.59},{"text":"helps","start":8773.67,"end":8774.15},{"text":"import","start":8774.15,"end":8774.63},{"text":"and","start":8774.67,"end":8774.83},{"text":"test","start":8774.83,"end":8775.19},{"text":"high-yielding","start":8775.19,"end":8775.87},{"text":"rice","start":8775.87,"end":8776.23},{"text":"varieties","start":8776.23,"end":8776.87},{"text":"to","start":8777.11,"end":8777.23},{"text":"improve","start":8777.27,"end":8777.83},{"text":"local","start":8777.83,"end":8778.23},{"text":"food","start":8778.23,"end":8778.47},{"text":"security.","start":8778.47,"end":8779.19}]},{"text":"In addition, under the auspices of the National Seed Policy 2018-2028, the National Seed Secretariat is mandated to produce and distribute high-quality foundation and certified seeds to meet the demands of farmers for improved seeds varieties.","start":8779.59,"end":8795.27,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8842.07,"end":8842.39},{"text":"recognise","start":8842.39,"end":8842.95},{"text":"that","start":8842.95,"end":8843.15},{"text":"seeds","start":8843.15,"end":8843.51},{"text":"constitute","start":8843.51,"end":8844.27},{"text":"a","start":8844.27,"end":8844.31},{"text":"crucial","start":8844.87,"end":8845.27},{"text":"element","start":8845.27,"end":8845.83},{"text":"in","start":8845.83,"end":8845.99},{"text":"agricultural","start":8846.15,"end":8846.75},{"text":"production","start":8846.75,"end":8847.27},{"text":"and","start":8847.27,"end":8847.39},{"text":"food","start":8847.43,"end":8847.67},{"text":"security,","start":8847.67,"end":8848.23},{"text":"as","start":8848.43,"end":8848.55},{"text":"well","start":8848.55,"end":8848.95},{"text":"as","start":8848.95,"end":8849.03},{"text":"the","start":8849.03,"end":8849.11},{"text":"valuable","start":8849.11,"end":8850.39},{"text":"role","start":8850.39,"end":8850.83},{"text":"of","start":8850.83,"end":8851.03},{"text":"peasants","start":8851.83,"end":8852.27},{"text":"and","start":8852.27,"end":8852.39},{"text":"rural","start":8852.39,"end":8852.63},{"text":"communities","start":8852.63,"end":8853.27},{"text":"in","start":8853.27,"end":8853.51},{"text":"maintaining","start":8853.67,"end":8854.15},{"text":"agricultural","start":8854.15,"end":8854.75},{"text":"diversity","start":8854.75,"end":8855.43},{"text":"and","start":8855.43,"end":8855.59},{"text":"the","start":8855.59,"end":8855.67},{"text":"transmission","start":8855.67,"end":8856.23},{"text":"of","start":8856.23,"end":8856.39},{"text":"knowledge","start":8856.39,"end":8856.87},{"text":"and","start":8856.91,"end":8857.07},{"text":"practices","start":8857.07,"end":8857.67},{"text":"from","start":8857.67,"end":8857.87},{"text":"one","start":8857.87,"end":8858.03},{"text":"generation","start":8858.03,"end":8858.47},{"text":"to","start":8858.47,"end":8858.55},{"text":"the","start":8858.55,"end":8858.63},{"text":"next.","start":8858.63,"end":8859.07}]},{"text":"It is particularly important that public seed policy respond to the realities and needs of smallholders and of family agriculture.","start":8859.51,"end":8869.19,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8859.51,"end":8859.59},{"text":"is","start":8859.59,"end":8859.71},{"text":"particularly","start":8859.71,"end":8860.35},{"text":"important","start":8860.35,"end":8860.91},{"text":"that","start":8860.91,"end":8861.11},{"text":"public","start":8861.19,"end":8861.67},{"text":"seed","start":8862.71,"end":8863.19},{"text":"policy","start":8863.19,"end":8863.91},{"text":"respond","start":8864.59,"end":8865.03},{"text":"to","start":8865.03,"end":8865.11},{"text":"the","start":8865.11,"end":8865.19},{"text":"realities","start":8865.19,"end":8866.07},{"text":"and","start":8866.07,"end":8866.31},{"text":"needs","start":8866.31,"end":8866.75},{"text":"of","start":8866.79,"end":8866.91},{"text":"smallholders","start":8866.91,"end":8867.71},{"text":"and","start":8867.71,"end":8867.99},{"text":"of","start":8867.99,"end":8868.11},{"text":"family","start":8868.11,"end":8868.55},{"text":"agriculture.","start":8868.55,"end":8869.19}]},{"text":"In that regard, Paraguay enacted in 2019 its law on campesino family agriculture, which, in line with this report, specifically recognises the traditional exchange of seeds without middlemen as part of the close-knit cultural economy.","start":8869.31,"end":8885.55,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8869.31,"end":8869.43},{"text":"that","start":8869.43,"end":8869.55},{"text":"regard,","start":8869.55,"end":8869.87},{"text":"Paraguay","start":8869.95,"end":8870.51},{"text":"enacted","start":8870.51,"end":8871.11},{"text":"in","start":8871.11,"end":8871.19},{"text":"2019","start":8871.19,"end":8872.19},{"text":"its","start":8872.19,"end":8872.35},{"text":"law","start":8872.35,"end":8872.83},{"text":"on","start":8873.15,"end":8873.47},{"text":"campesino","start":8873.47,"end":8874.03},{"text":"family","start":8874.03,"end":8874.39},{"text":"agriculture,","start":8874.39,"end":8875.23},{"text":"which,","start":8875.23,"end":8875.55},{"text":"in","start":8875.55,"end":8875.71},{"text":"line","start":8875.71,"end":8875.95},{"text":"with","start":8875.95,"end":8876.07},{"text":"this","start":8876.07,"end":8876.19},{"text":"report,","start":8876.19,"end":8876.67},{"text":"specifically","start":8876.75,"end":8877.47},{"text":"recognises","start":8877.47,"end":8878.35},{"text":"the","start":8878.51,"end":8878.79},{"text":"traditional","start":8878.83,"end":8879.39},{"text":"exchange","start":8879.47,"end":8880.03},{"text":"of","start":8880.03,"end":8880.11},{"text":"seeds","start":8880.11,"end":8880.75},{"text":"without","start":8880.91,"end":8881.31},{"text":"middlemen","start":8881.31,"end":8881.79},{"text":"as","start":8882.07,"end":8882.27},{"text":"part","start":8882.27,"end":8882.75},{"text":"of","start":8883.03,"end":8883.15},{"text":"the","start":8883.31,"end":8883.55},{"text":"close-knit","start":8883.55,"end":8884.19},{"text":"cultural","start":8884.19,"end":8884.99},{"text":"economy.","start":8884.99,"end":8885.55}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, there is still the challenge of reconciling this protection framework with the dynamics of global markets and patent regimes.","start":8885.71,"end":8892.67,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless,","start":8885.71,"end":8886.19},{"text":"there","start":8886.19,"end":8886.31},{"text":"is","start":8886.31,"end":8886.39},{"text":"still","start":8886.39,"end":8886.67},{"text":"the","start":8886.67,"end":8886.75},{"text":"challenge","start":8886.75,"end":8887.15},{"text":"of","start":8887.15,"end":8887.23},{"text":"reconciling","start":8887.23,"end":8887.83},{"text":"this","start":8887.83,"end":8888.11},{"text":"protection","start":8889.31,"end":8889.79},{"text":"framework","start":8889.79,"end":8890.19},{"text":"with","start":8890.19,"end":8890.35},{"text":"the","start":8890.35,"end":8890.43},{"text":"dynamics","start":8890.43,"end":8890.91},{"text":"of","start":8890.91,"end":8890.99},{"text":"global","start":8890.99,"end":8891.27},{"text":"markets","start":8891.27,"end":8891.71},{"text":"and","start":8891.71,"end":8891.87},{"text":"patent","start":8891.87,"end":8892.23},{"text":"regimes.","start":8892.23,"end":8892.67}]},{"text":"Finally, we want to express to the working that we look forward to receiving them in Paraguay this coming November.","start":8892.67,"end":8900.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":8892.67,"end":8893.07},{"text":"we","start":8893.27,"end":8893.35},{"text":"want","start":8893.35,"end":8893.51},{"text":"to","start":8893.51,"end":8893.59},{"text":"express","start":8893.59,"end":8893.91},{"text":"to","start":8893.91,"end":8893.99},{"text":"the","start":8893.99,"end":8894.11},{"text":"working","start":8894.11,"end":8894.43},{"text":"that","start":8894.67,"end":8894.75},{"text":"we","start":8894.75,"end":8894.91},{"text":"look","start":8894.91,"end":8895.11},{"text":"forward","start":8895.11,"end":8895.39},{"text":"to","start":8895.39,"end":8895.47},{"text":"receiving","start":8895.47,"end":8895.87},{"text":"them","start":8895.87,"end":8896.03},{"text":"in","start":8896.03,"end":8896.27},{"text":"Paraguay","start":8896.27,"end":8896.83},{"text":"this","start":8896.83,"end":8897.07},{"text":"coming","start":8897.07,"end":8897.91},{"text":"November.","start":8899.63,"end":8900.63}]},{"text":"Which means we look forward to seeing you in Paraguay.","start":8900.63,"end":8903.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Which","start":8900.63,"end":8901.55},{"text":"means","start":8901.55,"end":8901.87},{"text":"we","start":8901.87,"end":8902.03},{"text":"look","start":8902.03,"end":8902.19},{"text":"forward","start":8902.19,"end":8902.47},{"text":"to","start":8902.47,"end":8902.55},{"text":"seeing","start":8902.55,"end":8902.75},{"text":"you","start":8902.75,"end":8902.91},{"text":"in","start":8902.91,"end":8903.23},{"text":"Paraguay.","start":8903.23,"end":8903.79}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":8903.79,"end":8904.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8903.79,"end":8904.03},{"text":"you.","start":8904.03,"end":8904.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PRY","affiliation_full":"Paraguay","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":149,"start":8904.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8905","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":8904.19,"end":8904.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8904.19,"end":8904.43},{"text":"you.","start":8904.43,"end":8904.59}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Togo.","start":8905.23,"end":8908.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8905.23,"end":8905.27},{"text":"give","start":8905.27,"end":8905.39},{"text":"the","start":8905.39,"end":8905.51},{"text":"floor","start":8905.51,"end":8905.95},{"text":"to","start":8905.95,"end":8906.03},{"text":"the","start":8906.59,"end":8906.71},{"text":"distinguished","start":8906.71,"end":8907.35},{"text":"representative","start":8907.35,"end":8908.19},{"text":"of","start":8908.19,"end":8908.51},{"text":"Togo.","start":8908.51,"end":8908.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":150,"start":8911.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=8912","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice President.","start":8911.55,"end":8912.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8911.55,"end":8911.79},{"text":"you,","start":8911.79,"end":8911.87},{"text":"Vice","start":8911.87,"end":8912.11},{"text":"President.","start":8912.11,"end":8912.75}]},{"text":"The delegation of Togo thanks the working group on its report and underscores the importance of seed for food security, biodiversity, means of subsistence for rural populations and the resilience of agricultural systems given climate change.","start":8913.47,"end":8929.39,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8913.47,"end":8913.55},{"text":"delegation","start":8913.55,"end":8914.11},{"text":"of","start":8914.11,"end":8914.19},{"text":"Togo","start":8914.19,"end":8914.67},{"text":"thanks","start":8914.67,"end":8915.11},{"text":"the","start":8915.11,"end":8915.23},{"text":"working","start":8915.23,"end":8915.55},{"text":"group","start":8915.55,"end":8916.11},{"text":"on","start":8916.11,"end":8916.27},{"text":"its","start":8916.27,"end":8916.43},{"text":"report","start":8916.43,"end":8917.07},{"text":"and","start":8917.23,"end":8917.47},{"text":"underscores","start":8917.47,"end":8918.27},{"text":"the","start":8918.27,"end":8918.39},{"text":"importance","start":8918.39,"end":8918.99},{"text":"of","start":8918.99,"end":8919.07},{"text":"seed","start":8919.07,"end":8919.47},{"text":"for","start":8919.47,"end":8919.63},{"text":"food","start":8919.63,"end":8919.91},{"text":"security,","start":8919.91,"end":8920.75},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":8920.91,"end":8922.03},{"text":"means","start":8922.75,"end":8922.99},{"text":"of","start":8922.99,"end":8923.07},{"text":"subsistence","start":8923.07,"end":8923.79},{"text":"for","start":8923.79,"end":8923.91},{"text":"rural","start":8923.91,"end":8924.11},{"text":"populations","start":8924.11,"end":8924.99},{"text":"and","start":8925.15,"end":8925.35},{"text":"the","start":8925.35,"end":8925.43},{"text":"resilience","start":8925.43,"end":8925.95},{"text":"of","start":8926.03,"end":8926.43},{"text":"agricultural","start":8926.59,"end":8927.31},{"text":"systems","start":8927.31,"end":8928.11},{"text":"given","start":8928.11,"end":8928.43},{"text":"climate","start":8928.43,"end":8928.87},{"text":"change.","start":8928.87,"end":8929.39}]},{"text":"We attach particular importance to the protection of traditional knowledge, the participation of rural communities in policies that concern them, as well as the full acknowledgement of the role of women in the custodianship Transfer and exchange of traditional seeds.","start":8930.19,"end":8947.63,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8930.19,"end":8930.43},{"text":"attach","start":8930.43,"end":8930.63},{"text":"particular","start":8930.63,"end":8931.07},{"text":"importance","start":8931.07,"end":8931.55},{"text":"to","start":8931.55,"end":8931.63},{"text":"the","start":8931.63,"end":8931.71},{"text":"protection","start":8931.71,"end":8932.31},{"text":"of","start":8932.31,"end":8932.39},{"text":"traditional","start":8932.39,"end":8932.95},{"text":"knowledge,","start":8932.95,"end":8933.55},{"text":"the","start":8933.79,"end":8933.91},{"text":"participation","start":8933.91,"end":8934.59},{"text":"of","start":8934.59,"end":8934.67},{"text":"rural","start":8934.67,"end":8934.91},{"text":"communities","start":8935.15,"end":8935.87},{"text":"in","start":8935.87,"end":8936.03},{"text":"policies","start":8936.03,"end":8936.59},{"text":"that","start":8936.59,"end":8936.75},{"text":"concern","start":8936.75,"end":8937.27},{"text":"them,","start":8937.27,"end":8937.55},{"text":"as","start":8937.95,"end":8938.11},{"text":"well","start":8938.11,"end":8938.43},{"text":"as","start":8938.43,"end":8938.71},{"text":"the","start":8938.71,"end":8938.83},{"text":"full","start":8938.83,"end":8939.55},{"text":"acknowledgement","start":8939.59,"end":8940.27},{"text":"of","start":8940.27,"end":8940.35},{"text":"the","start":8940.35,"end":8940.43},{"text":"role","start":8940.43,"end":8940.63},{"text":"of","start":8940.63,"end":8940.75},{"text":"women","start":8940.75,"end":8941.23},{"text":"in","start":8941.55,"end":8941.95},{"text":"the","start":8942.27,"end":8942.39},{"text":"custodianship","start":8942.43,"end":8943.23},{"text":"Transfer","start":8945.07,"end":8945.43},{"text":"and","start":8945.43,"end":8945.59},{"text":"exchange","start":8945.59,"end":8946.11},{"text":"of","start":8946.11,"end":8946.19},{"text":"traditional","start":8946.19,"end":8946.91},{"text":"seeds.","start":8946.91,"end":8947.63}]},{"text":"Togo considers that balanced governance of seeds should allow us to reconcile agricultural innovation, the protection of intellectual property, the preservation of biodiversity and the respect of the rights of peasants.","start":8947.79,"end":8961.55,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":9060.03,"end":9060.55},{"text":"is","start":9060.55,"end":9060.67},{"text":"committed","start":9060.67,"end":9061.23},{"text":"to","start":9061.23,"end":9061.35},{"text":"ensuring","start":9061.35,"end":9061.71},{"text":"that","start":9061.71,"end":9061.91},{"text":"the","start":9061.95,"end":9062.11},{"text":"rights","start":9062.11,"end":9062.43},{"text":"of","start":9062.47,"end":9062.67},{"text":"peasants","start":9062.67,"end":9063.11},{"text":"and","start":9063.11,"end":9063.31},{"text":"other","start":9063.31,"end":9063.59},{"text":"people","start":9063.59,"end":9063.87},{"text":"working","start":9063.87,"end":9064.15},{"text":"in","start":9064.15,"end":9064.27},{"text":"the","start":9064.27,"end":9064.35},{"text":"rural","start":9064.35,"end":9064.59},{"text":"areas","start":9064.59,"end":9064.99},{"text":"are","start":9064.99,"end":9065.15},{"text":"fulfilled.","start":9065.15,"end":9065.79}]},{"text":"I thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":9065.79,"end":9067.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9065.79,"end":9065.95},{"text":"thank","start":9065.95,"end":9066.19},{"text":"you,","start":9066.19,"end":9066.27},{"text":"Mr.","start":9066.59,"end":9066.83},{"text":"Vice","start":9067.11,"end":9067.31},{"text":"President.","start":9067.31,"end":9067.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ZWE","affiliation_full":"Zimbabwe","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":153,"start":9069.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9070","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":9069.19,"end":9070.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9069.19,"end":9069.43},{"text":"you","start":9069.59,"end":9069.75},{"text":"very","start":9070.47,"end":9070.71},{"text":"much.","start":9070.71,"end":9070.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malaysia.","start":9070.95,"end":9074.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9070.95,"end":9071.03},{"text":"give","start":9071.03,"end":9071.19},{"text":"the","start":9071.19,"end":9071.35},{"text":"floor","start":9071.35,"end":9071.67},{"text":"to","start":9071.67,"end":9071.75},{"text":"the","start":9071.75,"end":9071.83},{"text":"distinguished","start":9071.83,"end":9072.47},{"text":"representative","start":9072.47,"end":9073.83},{"text":"of","start":9073.83,"end":9074.07},{"text":"Malaysia.","start":9074.07,"end":9074.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":154,"start":9075.95,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9076","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Vice President, Malaysia thanks the working group for its report.","start":9075.95,"end":9079.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":9075.95,"end":9076.23},{"text":"Vice","start":9076.23,"end":9076.47},{"text":"President,","start":9076.47,"end":9076.95},{"text":"Malaysia","start":9077.27,"end":9077.67},{"text":"thanks","start":9077.67,"end":9078.07},{"text":"the","start":9078.07,"end":9078.15},{"text":"working","start":9078.15,"end":9078.47},{"text":"group","start":9078.47,"end":9078.71},{"text":"for","start":9078.71,"end":9078.87},{"text":"its","start":9078.91,"end":9079.03},{"text":"report.","start":9079.03,"end":9079.43}]},{"text":"We recognize that seed governance should safeguard farmers' access to quality planting materials, preserve agricultural biodiversity, and support research, innovation, and resilient food production.","start":9079.99,"end":9091.11,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9079.99,"end":9080.11},{"text":"recognize","start":9080.11,"end":9080.55},{"text":"that","start":9080.55,"end":9080.79},{"text":"seed","start":9080.79,"end":9081.19},{"text":"governance","start":9081.19,"end":9081.75},{"text":"should","start":9081.75,"end":9082.03},{"text":"safeguard","start":9082.03,"end":9082.55},{"text":"farmers'","start":9082.55,"end":9082.95},{"text":"access","start":9082.95,"end":9083.35},{"text":"to","start":9083.35,"end":9083.59},{"text":"quality","start":9083.59,"end":9084.07},{"text":"planting","start":9084.07,"end":9084.47},{"text":"materials,","start":9084.47,"end":9085.19},{"text":"preserve","start":9085.59,"end":9086.07},{"text":"agricultural","start":9086.11,"end":9086.79},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":9086.79,"end":9087.83},{"text":"and","start":9087.83,"end":9087.95},{"text":"support","start":9087.95,"end":9088.35},{"text":"research,","start":9088.35,"end":9088.87},{"text":"innovation,","start":9088.87,"end":9089.59},{"text":"and","start":9089.59,"end":9089.75},{"text":"resilient","start":9089.75,"end":9090.23},{"text":"food","start":9090.23,"end":9090.47},{"text":"production.","start":9090.47,"end":9091.11}]},{"text":"Malaysia takes note of the references to itself in paragraphs 44 and 49 of the report.","start":9091.71,"end":9096.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Malaysia","start":9091.71,"end":9092.03},{"text":"takes","start":9092.03,"end":9092.35},{"text":"note","start":9092.35,"end":9092.55},{"text":"of","start":9092.55,"end":9092.67},{"text":"the","start":9092.67,"end":9092.75},{"text":"references","start":9092.75,"end":9093.39},{"text":"to","start":9093.39,"end":9093.47},{"text":"itself","start":9093.47,"end":9093.87},{"text":"in","start":9093.87,"end":9094.11},{"text":"paragraphs","start":9094.11,"end":9094.59},{"text":"44","start":9094.59,"end":9095.15},{"text":"and","start":9095.15,"end":9095.31},{"text":"49","start":9095.31,"end":9095.75},{"text":"of","start":9095.75,"end":9095.87},{"text":"the","start":9095.87,"end":9095.95},{"text":"report.","start":9095.95,"end":9096.51}]},{"text":"As these references draw upon submissions received by the working group, they should be considered alongside Malaysia's broader domestic framework and national circumstances.","start":9096.91,"end":9105.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9096.91,"end":9097.07},{"text":"these","start":9097.07,"end":9097.39},{"text":"references","start":9097.39,"end":9098.03},{"text":"draw","start":9098.03,"end":9098.27},{"text":"upon","start":9098.31,"end":9098.59},{"text":"submissions","start":9098.59,"end":9099.15},{"text":"received","start":9099.15,"end":9099.51},{"text":"by","start":9099.51,"end":9099.63},{"text":"the","start":9099.63,"end":9099.75},{"text":"working","start":9099.75,"end":9100.07},{"text":"group,","start":9100.07,"end":9100.35},{"text":"they","start":9100.67,"end":9100.91},{"text":"should","start":9100.91,"end":9101.11},{"text":"be","start":9101.11,"end":9101.23},{"text":"considered","start":9101.23,"end":9101.79},{"text":"alongside","start":9101.79,"end":9102.35},{"text":"Malaysia's","start":9102.35,"end":9102.83},{"text":"broader","start":9102.83,"end":9103.31},{"text":"domestic","start":9103.31,"end":9103.79},{"text":"framework","start":9103.79,"end":9104.27},{"text":"and","start":9104.27,"end":9104.43},{"text":"national","start":9104.43,"end":9104.75},{"text":"circumstances.","start":9104.75,"end":9105.63}]},{"text":"Our plant variety protection framework seeks to balance several legitimate interests.","start":9106.27,"end":9110.43,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":9106.27,"end":9106.43},{"text":"plant","start":9106.43,"end":9106.75},{"text":"variety","start":9106.75,"end":9107.15},{"text":"protection","start":9107.15,"end":9107.79},{"text":"framework","start":9107.79,"end":9108.23},{"text":"seeks","start":9108.23,"end":9108.51},{"text":"to","start":9108.51,"end":9108.67},{"text":"balance","start":9108.67,"end":9109.11},{"text":"several","start":9109.11,"end":9109.43},{"text":"legitimate","start":9109.43,"end":9109.95},{"text":"interests.","start":9109.95,"end":9110.43}]},{"text":"It aims to protect farmers, encourage research and investment in plant breeding, strengthen domestic capacity, and improve access to resilient and productive plant varieties.","start":9110.83,"end":9120.83,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9110.83,"end":9110.99},{"text":"aims","start":9110.99,"end":9111.31},{"text":"to","start":9111.31,"end":9111.39},{"text":"protect","start":9111.39,"end":9111.79},{"text":"farmers,","start":9111.79,"end":9112.35},{"text":"encourage","start":9112.43,"end":9112.87},{"text":"research","start":9112.99,"end":9113.43},{"text":"and","start":9113.43,"end":9113.55},{"text":"investment","start":9113.55,"end":9114.11},{"text":"in","start":9114.11,"end":9114.23},{"text":"plant","start":9114.23,"end":9114.51},{"text":"breeding,","start":9114.51,"end":9114.99},{"text":"strengthen","start":9115.31,"end":9115.87},{"text":"domestic","start":9115.87,"end":9116.39},{"text":"capacity,","start":9116.39,"end":9117.07},{"text":"and","start":9117.39,"end":9117.55},{"text":"improve","start":9117.55,"end":9117.95},{"text":"access","start":9117.95,"end":9118.35},{"text":"to","start":9118.35,"end":9118.47},{"text":"resilient","start":9118.47,"end":9118.99},{"text":"and","start":9118.99,"end":9119.23},{"text":"productive","start":9119.23,"end":9119.79},{"text":"plant","start":9119.87,"end":9120.19},{"text":"varieties.","start":9120.19,"end":9120.83}]},{"text":"Relevant stakeholders, including farmers, breeders, and research institutions, remain as important partners in this process.","start":9121.23,"end":9127.55,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Relevant","start":9121.23,"end":9121.67},{"text":"stakeholders,","start":9121.67,"end":9122.19},{"text":"including","start":9122.19,"end":9122.67},{"text":"farmers,","start":9122.67,"end":9123.23},{"text":"breeders,","start":9123.31,"end":9123.95},{"text":"and","start":9123.95,"end":9124.19},{"text":"research","start":9124.19,"end":9124.59},{"text":"institutions,","start":9124.59,"end":9125.31},{"text":"remain","start":9125.31,"end":9125.71},{"text":"as","start":9125.71,"end":9125.87},{"text":"important","start":9125.87,"end":9126.39},{"text":"partners","start":9126.39,"end":9126.75},{"text":"in","start":9126.75,"end":9126.91},{"text":"this","start":9126.91,"end":9127.07},{"text":"process.","start":9127.07,"end":9127.55}]},{"text":"Therefore, Malaysia remains committed to this framework by 1, supporting agricultural innovation and plant breeding.","start":9128.11,"end":9134.03,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":9128.11,"end":9128.59},{"text":"Malaysia","start":9128.59,"end":9128.91},{"text":"remains","start":9128.91,"end":9129.39},{"text":"committed","start":9129.39,"end":9129.83},{"text":"to","start":9129.83,"end":9129.91},{"text":"this","start":9129.91,"end":9130.11},{"text":"framework","start":9130.11,"end":9130.51},{"text":"by","start":9130.51,"end":9130.83},{"text":"1,","start":9130.83,"end":9131.23},{"text":"supporting","start":9131.23,"end":9131.79},{"text":"agricultural","start":9131.79,"end":9132.51},{"text":"innovation","start":9132.51,"end":9133.15},{"text":"and","start":9133.15,"end":9133.27},{"text":"plant","start":9133.27,"end":9133.55},{"text":"breeding.","start":9133.55,"end":9134.03}]},{"text":"Two, contributing to long-term food security.","start":9134.43,"end":9137.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Two,","start":9134.43,"end":9134.71},{"text":"contributing","start":9134.95,"end":9135.63},{"text":"to","start":9135.63,"end":9135.75},{"text":"long-term","start":9135.75,"end":9136.15},{"text":"food","start":9136.15,"end":9136.39},{"text":"security.","start":9136.39,"end":9137.11}]},{"text":"Three, fostering domestic research and breeding capacity.","start":9137.43,"end":9140.71,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Three,","start":9137.43,"end":9137.83},{"text":"fostering","start":9138.07,"end":9138.67},{"text":"domestic","start":9138.67,"end":9139.15},{"text":"research","start":9139.15,"end":9139.59},{"text":"and","start":9139.59,"end":9139.71},{"text":"breeding","start":9139.71,"end":9140.07},{"text":"capacity.","start":9140.07,"end":9140.71}]},{"text":"Four, protecting biodiversity and genetic resources.","start":9141.03,"end":9144.39,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Four,","start":9141.03,"end":9141.43},{"text":"protecting","start":9141.43,"end":9142.23},{"text":"biodiversity","start":9142.23,"end":9143.19},{"text":"and","start":9143.19,"end":9143.35},{"text":"genetic","start":9143.35,"end":9143.75},{"text":"resources.","start":9143.75,"end":9144.39}]},{"text":"And five, balancing the interest of farmers, breeders, and the wider public.","start":9144.71,"end":9148.43,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9144.71,"end":9144.95},{"text":"five,","start":9144.95,"end":9145.27},{"text":"balancing","start":9145.27,"end":9145.79},{"text":"the","start":9145.79,"end":9145.87},{"text":"interest","start":9145.87,"end":9146.35},{"text":"of","start":9146.35,"end":9146.43},{"text":"farmers,","start":9146.43,"end":9146.95},{"text":"breeders,","start":9146.95,"end":9147.51},{"text":"and","start":9147.51,"end":9147.71},{"text":"the","start":9147.71,"end":9147.79},{"text":"wider","start":9147.79,"end":9148.07},{"text":"public.","start":9148.07,"end":9148.43}]},{"text":"To conclude, we believe that seed governance should benefit everyone.","start":9148.79,"end":9152.87,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9153.03,"end":9153.27},{"text":"will","start":9153.27,"end":9153.43},{"text":"continue","start":9153.43,"end":9153.91},{"text":"to","start":9153.91,"end":9154.03},{"text":"advance","start":9154.03,"end":9154.55},{"text":"an","start":9154.55,"end":9154.71},{"text":"inclusive","start":9154.71,"end":9155.27},{"text":"approach","start":9155.27,"end":9155.75},{"text":"that","start":9155.75,"end":9155.91},{"text":"protects","start":9155.91,"end":9156.47},{"text":"human","start":9156.47,"end":9156.79},{"text":"rights,","start":9156.79,"end":9157.19},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":9157.43,"end":9158.31},{"text":"and","start":9158.55,"end":9158.75},{"text":"biodiversity.","start":9158.75,"end":9159.75}]},{"text":"I thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":9159.91,"end":9161.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9159.91,"end":9160.07},{"text":"thank","start":9160.07,"end":9160.39},{"text":"you,","start":9160.39,"end":9160.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":9160.47,"end":9160.79},{"text":"Vice","start":9160.79,"end":9161.03},{"text":"President.","start":9161.03,"end":9161.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MYS","affiliation_full":"Malaysia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":155,"start":9162.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9163","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":9162.55,"end":9163.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":9162.55,"end":9162.87},{"text":"gracias.","start":9162.87,"end":9163.51}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank very much.","start":9163.67,"end":9164.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9163.67,"end":9163.91},{"text":"very","start":9163.99,"end":9164.11},{"text":"much.","start":9164.11,"end":9164.43}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania.","start":9165.07,"end":9170.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9165.07,"end":9165.23},{"text":"give","start":9165.23,"end":9165.47},{"text":"the","start":9165.47,"end":9165.59},{"text":"floor","start":9165.59,"end":9165.91},{"text":"to","start":9165.91,"end":9166.03},{"text":"the","start":9166.03,"end":9166.11},{"text":"distinguished","start":9166.11,"end":9166.71},{"text":"representative","start":9168.59,"end":9169.27},{"text":"of","start":9169.27,"end":9169.35},{"text":"the","start":9169.35,"end":9169.43},{"text":"United","start":9169.43,"end":9169.71},{"text":"Republic","start":9169.71,"end":9170.11},{"text":"of","start":9170.11,"end":9170.19},{"text":"Tanzania.","start":9170.19,"end":9170.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":156,"start":9172.03,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9173","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":9172.03,"end":9173.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9172.03,"end":9172.27},{"text":"you,","start":9172.27,"end":9172.35},{"text":"Mr.","start":9172.35,"end":9172.71},{"text":"Vice","start":9172.71,"end":9172.91},{"text":"President.","start":9172.91,"end":9173.55}]},{"text":"The United Republic of Tanzania aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group, takes note of the report of the working group, and welcomes its recognition of the contribution of peasants and rural communities to food security, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development.","start":9173.87,"end":9190.75,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9173.87,"end":9173.99},{"text":"United","start":9173.99,"end":9174.27},{"text":"Republic","start":9174.27,"end":9174.83},{"text":"of","start":9174.83,"end":9174.91},{"text":"Tanzania","start":9174.91,"end":9175.59},{"text":"aligns","start":9175.59,"end":9175.99},{"text":"itself","start":9175.99,"end":9176.27},{"text":"with","start":9176.27,"end":9176.39},{"text":"the","start":9176.39,"end":9176.51},{"text":"statement","start":9176.51,"end":9176.95},{"text":"delivered","start":9176.95,"end":9177.35},{"text":"on","start":9177.35,"end":9177.47},{"text":"behalf","start":9177.47,"end":9177.79},{"text":"of","start":9177.79,"end":9177.87},{"text":"the","start":9177.87,"end":9177.99},{"text":"African","start":9177.99,"end":9178.43},{"text":"Group,","start":9178.43,"end":9178.83},{"text":"takes","start":9179.39,"end":9179.71},{"text":"note","start":9179.71,"end":9179.95},{"text":"of","start":9179.95,"end":9180.03},{"text":"the","start":9180.03,"end":9180.15},{"text":"report","start":9180.15,"end":9180.51},{"text":"of","start":9180.51,"end":9180.59},{"text":"the","start":9180.59,"end":9180.71},{"text":"working","start":9180.71,"end":9181.07},{"text":"group,","start":9181.07,"end":9181.31},{"text":"and","start":9181.79,"end":9182.03},{"text":"welcomes","start":9182.03,"end":9182.75},{"text":"its","start":9182.91,"end":9183.07},{"text":"recognition","start":9183.07,"end":9183.79},{"text":"of","start":9183.79,"end":9183.87},{"text":"the","start":9183.87,"end":9183.99},{"text":"contribution","start":9183.99,"end":9184.63},{"text":"of","start":9184.63,"end":9184.75},{"text":"peasants","start":9184.75,"end":9185.27},{"text":"and","start":9185.27,"end":9185.43},{"text":"rural","start":9185.43,"end":9185.63},{"text":"communities","start":9185.63,"end":9186.27},{"text":"to","start":9186.27,"end":9186.35},{"text":"food","start":9186.35,"end":9186.59},{"text":"security,","start":9186.59,"end":9187.47},{"text":"biodiversity","start":9187.47,"end":9188.43},{"text":"conservation,","start":9188.43,"end":9189.23},{"text":"and","start":9189.23,"end":9189.47},{"text":"sustainable","start":9189.47,"end":9190.11},{"text":"development.","start":9190.11,"end":9190.75}]},{"text":"Tanzania remains committed to strengthening their rights and livelihoods through inclusive agricultural policies, sustainable agriculture, and meaningful participation in decision making.","start":9191.75,"end":9201.63,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Tanzania","start":9191.75,"end":9192.15},{"text":"remains","start":9192.15,"end":9192.59},{"text":"committed","start":9192.59,"end":9193.11},{"text":"to","start":9193.11,"end":9193.19},{"text":"strengthening","start":9193.23,"end":9193.83},{"text":"their","start":9193.83,"end":9194.07},{"text":"rights","start":9194.07,"end":9194.51},{"text":"and","start":9194.51,"end":9194.75},{"text":"livelihoods","start":9194.75,"end":9195.55},{"text":"through","start":9195.55,"end":9195.83},{"text":"inclusive","start":9195.83,"end":9196.43},{"text":"agricultural","start":9196.43,"end":9197.07},{"text":"policies,","start":9197.07,"end":9197.71},{"text":"sustainable","start":9197.71,"end":9198.35},{"text":"agriculture,","start":9198.35,"end":9199.03},{"text":"and","start":9199.03,"end":9199.15},{"text":"meaningful","start":9199.15,"end":9199.63},{"text":"participation","start":9199.63,"end":9200.47},{"text":"in","start":9200.47,"end":9200.67},{"text":"decision","start":9200.67,"end":9201.15},{"text":"making.","start":9201.15,"end":9201.63}]},{"text":"For the financial year 2025-26, the government increased the agricultural sector budget to approximately 1,240,000,000,000 Tanzanian shillings.","start":9202.27,"end":9212.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9202.27,"end":9202.43},{"text":"the","start":9202.43,"end":9202.51},{"text":"financial","start":9202.51,"end":9203.07},{"text":"year","start":9203.07,"end":9203.23},{"text":"2025-26,","start":9203.23,"end":9205.55},{"text":"the","start":9205.63,"end":9205.75},{"text":"government","start":9205.75,"end":9206.23},{"text":"increased","start":9206.23,"end":9206.67},{"text":"the","start":9206.67,"end":9206.79},{"text":"agricultural","start":9206.79,"end":9207.59},{"text":"sector","start":9207.95,"end":9208.43},{"text":"budget","start":9208.43,"end":9208.79},{"text":"to","start":9208.79,"end":9208.87},{"text":"approximately","start":9208.87,"end":9209.63},{"text":"1,240,000,000,000","start":9209.63,"end":9211.71},{"text":"Tanzanian","start":9211.71,"end":9212.19},{"text":"shillings.","start":9212.19,"end":9212.75}]},{"text":"As of this year, Tanzania has identified approximately 770 traditional seed varieties, of which 360 are conserved and maintained, while 13 crop varieties, including maize, rice, beans, and papaya, have been incorporated into the formal seed system.","start":9213.43,"end":9230.91,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"inputs,","start":9249.99,"end":9250.39},{"text":"the","start":9250.39,"end":9250.51},{"text":"United","start":9250.51,"end":9250.79},{"text":"Republic","start":9250.79,"end":9251.19},{"text":"of","start":9251.19,"end":9251.35},{"text":"Tanzania","start":9251.35,"end":9251.79},{"text":"will","start":9251.79,"end":9251.91},{"text":"continue","start":9251.91,"end":9252.47},{"text":"to","start":9252.47,"end":9252.59},{"text":"advance","start":9252.59,"end":9253.19},{"text":"the","start":9253.35,"end":9253.55},{"text":"rights","start":9253.55,"end":9254.07},{"text":"and","start":9254.15,"end":9254.31},{"text":"livelihood","start":9254.31,"end":9254.79},{"text":"of","start":9254.79,"end":9254.95},{"text":"peasants,","start":9254.95,"end":9255.67},{"text":"rural","start":9255.75,"end":9255.99},{"text":"communities,","start":9255.99,"end":9256.79},{"text":"and","start":9256.79,"end":9256.99},{"text":"rural","start":9256.99,"end":9257.19},{"text":"communities,","start":9257.19,"end":9257.75},{"text":"promoting","start":9257.75,"end":9258.39},{"text":"human","start":9258.39,"end":9258.67},{"text":"dignity,","start":9258.67,"end":9259.19},{"text":"equality,","start":9259.63,"end":9260.31},{"text":"participation,","start":9260.31,"end":9261.35},{"text":"food","start":9261.51,"end":9261.83},{"text":"security,","start":9261.83,"end":9262.35},{"text":"and","start":9262.35,"end":9262.51},{"text":"sustainable","start":9262.51,"end":9263.11},{"text":"use","start":9263.11,"end":9263.31},{"text":"of","start":9263.35,"end":9263.51},{"text":"natural","start":9263.51,"end":9263.79},{"text":"resources.","start":9263.79,"end":9264.39}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":9264.87,"end":9265.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9264.87,"end":9265.03},{"text":"thank","start":9265.03,"end":9265.35},{"text":"you.","start":9265.35,"end":9265.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"TZA","affiliation_full":"United Republic of Tanzania","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":157,"start":9265.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9266","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":9265.51,"end":9266.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":9265.51,"end":9265.87},{"text":"gracias.","start":9265.87,"end":9266.23}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":9266.55,"end":9267.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9266.55,"end":9266.79},{"text":"you","start":9266.79,"end":9266.87},{"text":"very","start":9266.87,"end":9267.07},{"text":"much.","start":9267.07,"end":9267.43}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Bangladesh.","start":9267.91,"end":9272.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9267.91,"end":9268.07},{"text":"give","start":9268.07,"end":9268.23},{"text":"the","start":9268.23,"end":9268.39},{"text":"floor","start":9268.39,"end":9268.71},{"text":"to","start":9268.71,"end":9268.79},{"text":"the","start":9268.79,"end":9268.87},{"text":"distinguished","start":9268.87,"end":9269.55},{"text":"representative","start":9269.55,"end":9271.03},{"text":"of","start":9271.11,"end":9271.51},{"text":"Bangladesh.","start":9271.51,"end":9272.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":158,"start":9272.07,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9273","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":9272.07,"end":9273.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9272.07,"end":9272.23},{"text":"you,","start":9272.23,"end":9272.31},{"text":"Mr.","start":9272.31,"end":9272.55},{"text":"President.","start":9272.55,"end":9273.03}]},{"text":"Bangladesh thanks the Working Group for its report and welcomes its focus on the right to seeds as integral to food security, biodiversity, rural livelihoods and climate resilience.","start":9273.67,"end":9284.95,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Bangladesh","start":9273.67,"end":9274.15},{"text":"thanks","start":9274.15,"end":9274.43},{"text":"the","start":9274.43,"end":9274.55},{"text":"Working","start":9274.55,"end":9274.91},{"text":"Group","start":9274.91,"end":9275.19},{"text":"for","start":9275.19,"end":9275.35},{"text":"its","start":9275.35,"end":9275.59},{"text":"report","start":9275.59,"end":9276.15},{"text":"and","start":9276.15,"end":9276.31},{"text":"welcomes","start":9276.31,"end":9276.95},{"text":"its","start":9276.95,"end":9277.19},{"text":"focus","start":9277.19,"end":9277.59},{"text":"on","start":9277.59,"end":9277.67},{"text":"the","start":9277.67,"end":9277.75},{"text":"right","start":9277.75,"end":9278.03},{"text":"to","start":9278.03,"end":9278.11},{"text":"seeds","start":9278.15,"end":9278.55},{"text":"as","start":9278.55,"end":9278.79},{"text":"integral","start":9278.79,"end":9279.27},{"text":"to","start":9279.27,"end":9279.39},{"text":"food","start":9279.39,"end":9279.59},{"text":"security,","start":9279.59,"end":9280.23},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":9281.99,"end":9282.87},{"text":"rural","start":9282.87,"end":9283.27},{"text":"livelihoods","start":9283.27,"end":9283.75},{"text":"and","start":9283.75,"end":9283.91},{"text":"climate","start":9283.91,"end":9284.23},{"text":"resilience.","start":9284.23,"end":9284.95}]},{"text":"For Bangladesh, where agriculture remains closely connected to the livelihoods of millions, protecting the rights and knowledge of smallholder farmers is essential for sustainable development.","start":9285.43,"end":9295.67,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"welcome","start":9358.51,"end":9358.79},{"text":"the","start":9358.79,"end":9358.91},{"text":"working","start":9358.91,"end":9359.19},{"text":"group's","start":9359.19,"end":9359.51},{"text":"views","start":9359.51,"end":9359.75},{"text":"on","start":9359.75,"end":9359.87},{"text":"how","start":9359.87,"end":9360.03},{"text":"developing","start":9360.03,"end":9360.59},{"text":"countries","start":9360.59,"end":9360.91},{"text":"can","start":9360.91,"end":9361.07},{"text":"better","start":9361.07,"end":9361.43},{"text":"protect","start":9361.43,"end":9361.75},{"text":"traditional","start":9361.75,"end":9362.19},{"text":"seed","start":9362.19,"end":9362.35},{"text":"systems","start":9362.35,"end":9362.83},{"text":"while","start":9362.83,"end":9363.03},{"text":"promoting","start":9363.03,"end":9363.51},{"text":"agricultural","start":9363.51,"end":9364.03},{"text":"innovation.","start":9364.03,"end":9365.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BGD","affiliation_full":"Bangladesh","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":159,"start":9365.63,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9366","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":9365.63,"end":9366.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9365.63,"end":9365.87},{"text":"you","start":9365.87,"end":9365.99},{"text":"very","start":9365.99,"end":9366.15},{"text":"much.","start":9366.27,"end":9366.75}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mali.","start":9366.75,"end":9370.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9366.75,"end":9366.83},{"text":"give","start":9366.83,"end":9366.99},{"text":"the","start":9366.99,"end":9367.15},{"text":"floor","start":9367.15,"end":9367.51},{"text":"to","start":9367.51,"end":9367.63},{"text":"the","start":9367.63,"end":9367.71},{"text":"distinguished","start":9367.71,"end":9368.59},{"text":"representative","start":9368.67,"end":9369.71},{"text":"of","start":9369.71,"end":9369.95},{"text":"Mali.","start":9369.95,"end":9370.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":160,"start":9374.15,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9375","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice-President.","start":9374.15,"end":9375.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9374.15,"end":9374.31},{"text":"you,","start":9374.31,"end":9374.39},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":9374.39,"end":9375.15}]},{"text":"Mali subscribes to the statements made by the groups it belongs to and thanks the working group on the rights of peasants and other persons working in rural areas for the presentation of their report on the rights to seeds, question and closure and resilience.","start":9375.47,"end":9390.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Mali","start":9375.47,"end":9376.11},{"text":"subscribes","start":9376.11,"end":9376.51},{"text":"to","start":9376.51,"end":9376.63},{"text":"the","start":9376.63,"end":9376.71},{"text":"statements","start":9376.71,"end":9377.07},{"text":"made","start":9377.07,"end":9377.19},{"text":"by","start":9377.19,"end":9377.27},{"text":"the","start":9377.27,"end":9377.35},{"text":"groups","start":9377.35,"end":9377.55},{"text":"it","start":9377.55,"end":9377.63},{"text":"belongs","start":9377.63,"end":9377.95},{"text":"to","start":9377.95,"end":9378.07},{"text":"and","start":9378.07,"end":9378.19},{"text":"thanks","start":9378.19,"end":9378.51},{"text":"the","start":9378.51,"end":9378.59},{"text":"working","start":9378.59,"end":9379.07},{"text":"group","start":9379.07,"end":9379.47},{"text":"on","start":9379.47,"end":9379.67},{"text":"the","start":9379.67,"end":9379.75},{"text":"rights","start":9379.75,"end":9379.95},{"text":"of","start":9379.95,"end":9380.03},{"text":"peasants","start":9380.03,"end":9380.47},{"text":"and","start":9380.47,"end":9380.59},{"text":"other","start":9380.59,"end":9380.75},{"text":"persons","start":9380.75,"end":9381.11},{"text":"working","start":9381.11,"end":9381.35},{"text":"in","start":9381.35,"end":9381.43},{"text":"rural","start":9381.43,"end":9381.71},{"text":"areas","start":9381.71,"end":9382.11},{"text":"for","start":9382.11,"end":9382.23},{"text":"the","start":9382.23,"end":9382.31},{"text":"presentation","start":9382.31,"end":9382.91},{"text":"of","start":9382.91,"end":9382.99},{"text":"their","start":9382.99,"end":9383.15},{"text":"report","start":9383.15,"end":9383.79},{"text":"on","start":9384.83,"end":9385.15},{"text":"the","start":9385.47,"end":9385.59},{"text":"rights","start":9385.59,"end":9385.87},{"text":"to","start":9385.87,"end":9385.99},{"text":"seeds,","start":9386.03,"end":9386.43},{"text":"question","start":9386.67,"end":9387.15},{"text":"and","start":9387.71,"end":9388.11},{"text":"closure","start":9388.11,"end":9388.91},{"text":"and","start":9388.91,"end":9389.11},{"text":"resilience.","start":9389.39,"end":9390.11}]},{"text":"My delegation recalls that Mali has a large part of their seeds cultivated by natural procedures.","start":9390.51,"end":9400.03,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":9470.91,"end":9471.19},{"text":"Vice","start":9471.19,"end":9471.39},{"text":"President,","start":9471.39,"end":9472.03},{"text":"Brazil","start":9472.35,"end":9472.75},{"text":"thanks","start":9472.75,"end":9473.07},{"text":"the","start":9473.07,"end":9473.15},{"text":"Working","start":9473.15,"end":9473.47},{"text":"Group","start":9473.47,"end":9473.71},{"text":"for","start":9473.71,"end":9473.91},{"text":"its","start":9473.91,"end":9474.03},{"text":"report","start":9474.03,"end":9474.39},{"text":"on","start":9474.39,"end":9474.47},{"text":"the","start":9474.47,"end":9474.55},{"text":"right","start":9474.55,"end":9474.71},{"text":"to","start":9474.71,"end":9474.79},{"text":"seeds.","start":9474.79,"end":9475.31}]},{"text":"Report provides evidence of the importance of the activities carried out by the Working Group and of the contribution it's made to the application of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and other people working in rural areas.","start":9475.47,"end":9485.79,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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regrets that financial restrictions at the UN have impeded the working group visiting our country, we reiterate our willingness to continue cooperating with the mandate, and we trust that that visit can be reorganised when conditions so 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Pakistan.","start":9624.63,"end":9628.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9624.63,"end":9624.67},{"text":"give","start":9624.67,"end":9624.87},{"text":"the","start":9624.87,"end":9624.95},{"text":"floor","start":9624.95,"end":9625.43},{"text":"to","start":9625.43,"end":9625.51},{"text":"the","start":9625.51,"end":9625.59},{"text":"distinguished","start":9625.59,"end":9626.07},{"text":"representative","start":9626.07,"end":9627.35},{"text":"of","start":9627.39,"end":9627.59},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":9627.59,"end":9628.39}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":166,"start":9629.27,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9630","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr Vice-President.","start":9629.27,"end":9630.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9629.27,"end":9629.51},{"text":"you,","start":9629.51,"end":9629.59},{"text":"Mr","start":9629.59,"end":9629.83},{"text":"Vice-President.","start":9629.83,"end":9630.43}]},{"text":"Pakistan thanks the Working Group for its report.","start":9630.43,"end":9632.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan","start":9630.43,"end":9630.95},{"text":"thanks","start":9630.95,"end":9631.23},{"text":"the","start":9631.23,"end":9631.31},{"text":"Working","start":9631.31,"end":9631.63},{"text":"Group","start":9631.63,"end":9631.79},{"text":"for","start":9631.79,"end":9631.91},{"text":"its","start":9631.91,"end":9632.07},{"text":"report.","start":9632.07,"end":9632.55}]},{"text":"As an agricultural country, Pakistan attaches particular importance to stronger recognition of peasants as custodians of genetic resources.","start":9632.71,"end":9639.43,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9632.71,"end":9632.95},{"text":"an","start":9632.95,"end":9633.03},{"text":"agricultural","start":9633.03,"end":9633.63},{"text":"country,","start":9633.63,"end":9633.91},{"text":"Pakistan","start":9633.91,"end":9634.35},{"text":"attaches","start":9634.35,"end":9634.63},{"text":"particular","start":9634.63,"end":9635.11},{"text":"importance","start":9635.11,"end":9635.51},{"text":"to","start":9635.51,"end":9635.59},{"text":"stronger","start":9635.59,"end":9635.99},{"text":"recognition","start":9635.99,"end":9636.55},{"text":"of","start":9636.87,"end":9637.03},{"text":"peasants","start":9637.03,"end":9637.55},{"text":"as","start":9637.55,"end":9637.67},{"text":"custodians","start":9637.67,"end":9638.23},{"text":"of","start":9638.23,"end":9638.31},{"text":"genetic","start":9638.31,"end":9638.71},{"text":"resources.","start":9638.71,"end":9639.43}]},{"text":"Generations of farmers have conserved, selected and adapted seeds to local conditions.","start":9640.07,"end":9644.15,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Generations","start":9640.07,"end":9640.51},{"text":"of","start":9640.51,"end":9640.59},{"text":"farmers","start":9640.59,"end":9640.95},{"text":"have","start":9640.95,"end":9641.15},{"text":"conserved,","start":9641.15,"end":9641.67},{"text":"selected","start":9641.67,"end":9642.23},{"text":"and","start":9642.23,"end":9642.51},{"text":"adapted","start":9642.51,"end":9642.95},{"text":"seeds","start":9642.95,"end":9643.27},{"text":"to","start":9643.27,"end":9643.39},{"text":"local","start":9643.39,"end":9643.67},{"text":"conditions.","start":9643.67,"end":9644.15}]},{"text":"This knowledge is not only part of our agricultural heritage, but an important source of food security, biodiversity and climate resilience.","start":9644.15,"end":9651.27,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9644.15,"end":9644.39},{"text":"knowledge","start":9644.39,"end":9644.95},{"text":"is","start":9645.35,"end":9645.55},{"text":"not","start":9645.55,"end":9645.67},{"text":"only","start":9645.67,"end":9645.91},{"text":"part","start":9645.91,"end":9646.11},{"text":"of","start":9646.11,"end":9646.19},{"text":"our","start":9646.19,"end":9646.27},{"text":"agricultural","start":9646.27,"end":9646.83},{"text":"heritage,","start":9646.83,"end":9647.35},{"text":"but","start":9647.35,"end":9647.55},{"text":"an","start":9647.55,"end":9647.63},{"text":"important","start":9647.63,"end":9648.11},{"text":"source","start":9648.11,"end":9648.35},{"text":"of","start":9648.35,"end":9648.43},{"text":"food","start":9648.43,"end":9648.63},{"text":"security,","start":9648.63,"end":9649.11},{"text":"biodiversity","start":9649.11,"end":9649.99},{"text":"and","start":9650.27,"end":9650.43},{"text":"climate","start":9650.43,"end":9650.71},{"text":"resilience.","start":9650.71,"end":9651.27}]},{"text":"We share the report's concern regarding growing pressures on traditional seed systems arising from intellectual property and certification regimes, emerging digital technologies and biotechnologies, as well as trade and investment frameworks.","start":9651.43,"end":9663.59,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9651.43,"end":9651.67},{"text":"share","start":9651.67,"end":9651.83},{"text":"the","start":9651.83,"end":9651.91},{"text":"report's","start":9651.91,"end":9652.31},{"text":"concern","start":9652.31,"end":9652.87},{"text":"regarding","start":9653.27,"end":9653.67},{"text":"growing","start":9653.67,"end":9653.99},{"text":"pressures","start":9653.99,"end":9654.43},{"text":"on","start":9654.43,"end":9654.55},{"text":"traditional","start":9654.55,"end":9654.95},{"text":"seed","start":9654.95,"end":9655.23},{"text":"systems","start":9655.23,"end":9655.75},{"text":"arising","start":9656.11,"end":9656.71},{"text":"from","start":9656.87,"end":9657.11},{"text":"intellectual","start":9657.11,"end":9657.59},{"text":"property","start":9657.59,"end":9658.15},{"text":"and","start":9658.15,"end":9658.31},{"text":"certification","start":9658.31,"end":9659.03},{"text":"regimes,","start":9659.03,"end":9659.51},{"text":"emerging","start":9659.51,"end":9660.07},{"text":"digital","start":9660.07,"end":9660.39},{"text":"technologies","start":9660.39,"end":9661.03},{"text":"and","start":9661.03,"end":9661.19},{"text":"biotechnologies,","start":9661.19,"end":9661.91},{"text":"as","start":9661.91,"end":9662.07},{"text":"well","start":9662.07,"end":9662.19},{"text":"as","start":9662.19,"end":9662.31},{"text":"trade","start":9662.31,"end":9662.59},{"text":"and","start":9662.59,"end":9662.71},{"text":"investment","start":9662.71,"end":9663.15},{"text":"frameworks.","start":9663.15,"end":9663.59}]},{"text":"Innovation and agricultural modernization remains essential, but they should complement rather than displaced farmer-led knowledge and practices.","start":9663.59,"end":9672.19,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Innovation","start":9663.59,"end":9664.23},{"text":"and","start":9664.87,"end":9665.07},{"text":"agricultural","start":9665.07,"end":9665.55},{"text":"modernization","start":9665.55,"end":9666.23},{"text":"remains","start":9666.23,"end":9666.51},{"text":"essential,","start":9666.51,"end":9666.99},{"text":"but","start":9666.99,"end":9667.11},{"text":"they","start":9667.11,"end":9667.19},{"text":"should","start":9667.19,"end":9667.43},{"text":"complement","start":9667.75,"end":9668.39},{"text":"rather","start":9668.79,"end":9668.99},{"text":"than","start":9668.99,"end":9669.15},{"text":"displaced","start":9669.15,"end":9669.87},{"text":"farmer-led","start":9670.03,"end":9671.23},{"text":"knowledge","start":9671.23,"end":9671.55},{"text":"and","start":9671.55,"end":9671.67},{"text":"practices.","start":9671.67,"end":9672.19}]},{"text":"Seed governance must preserve adequate policy space for countries to respond to their agricultural realities and development needs.","start":9672.35,"end":9679.83,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"Seed","start":9672.35,"end":9672.67},{"text":"governance","start":9672.67,"end":9673.31},{"text":"must","start":9673.39,"end":9673.63},{"text":"preserve","start":9673.63,"end":9674.03},{"text":"adequate","start":9674.03,"end":9674.43},{"text":"policy","start":9674.43,"end":9674.75},{"text":"space","start":9674.75,"end":9675.03},{"text":"for","start":9675.03,"end":9675.15},{"text":"countries","start":9675.15,"end":9675.51},{"text":"to","start":9675.51,"end":9675.59},{"text":"respond","start":9675.59,"end":9676.03},{"text":"to","start":9676.03,"end":9676.11},{"text":"their","start":9676.11,"end":9676.35},{"text":"agricultural","start":9676.67,"end":9677.39},{"text":"realities","start":9677.39,"end":9678.03},{"text":"and","start":9678.83,"end":9679.11},{"text":"development","start":9679.11,"end":9679.63},{"text":"needs.","start":9679.63,"end":9679.83}]},{"text":"Mr. Vice President, the report recognizes that access to territories and water is crucial to the right to seeds.","start":9679.83,"end":9688.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":9679.83,"end":9680.07},{"text":"Vice","start":9680.07,"end":9680.27},{"text":"President,","start":9680.27,"end":9680.79},{"text":"the","start":9681.55,"end":9681.63},{"text":"report","start":9681.63,"end":9682.03},{"text":"recognizes","start":9682.03,"end":9682.99},{"text":"that","start":9683.59,"end":9683.75},{"text":"access","start":9683.75,"end":9684.23},{"text":"to","start":9684.23,"end":9684.39},{"text":"territories","start":9684.43,"end":9685.11},{"text":"and","start":9685.11,"end":9685.31},{"text":"water","start":9685.31,"end":9685.83},{"text":"is","start":9686.07,"end":9686.23},{"text":"crucial","start":9686.23,"end":9686.87},{"text":"to","start":9686.87,"end":9687.03},{"text":"the","start":9687.03,"end":9687.19},{"text":"right","start":9687.19,"end":9687.55},{"text":"to","start":9687.55,"end":9687.63},{"text":"seeds.","start":9687.63,"end":9688.23}]},{"text":"Given that many agricultural countries depend on transboundary waters, we invite working groups' views on how unilateral measures affecting such waters can impact the rights and livelihoods of peasants.","start":9688.55,"end":9703.19,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":9688.55,"end":9688.95},{"text":"that","start":9688.95,"end":9689.27},{"text":"many","start":9689.43,"end":9689.79},{"text":"agricultural","start":9689.79,"end":9690.39},{"text":"countries","start":9690.39,"end":9690.95},{"text":"depend","start":9691.19,"end":9691.75},{"text":"on","start":9691.83,"end":9691.99},{"text":"transboundary","start":9691.99,"end":9692.71},{"text":"waters,","start":9692.71,"end":9693.35},{"text":"we","start":9693.51,"end":9693.63},{"text":"invite","start":9693.63,"end":9694.07},{"text":"working","start":9694.07,"end":9694.47},{"text":"groups'","start":9694.47,"end":9694.71},{"text":"views","start":9694.71,"end":9695.19},{"text":"on","start":9695.35,"end":9696.39},{"text":"how","start":9696.39,"end":9696.71},{"text":"unilateral","start":9696.71,"end":9697.35},{"text":"measures","start":9697.35,"end":9697.91},{"text":"affecting","start":9698.23,"end":9698.71},{"text":"such","start":9698.71,"end":9698.95},{"text":"waters","start":9698.95,"end":9699.59},{"text":"can","start":9699.91,"end":9700.07},{"text":"impact","start":9700.07,"end":9700.63},{"text":"the","start":9700.71,"end":9700.87},{"text":"rights","start":9700.87,"end":9701.35},{"text":"and","start":9701.43,"end":9701.59},{"text":"livelihoods","start":9701.59,"end":9702.31},{"text":"of","start":9702.47,"end":9702.63},{"text":"peasants.","start":9702.63,"end":9703.19}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":9703.19,"end":9703.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9703.19,"end":9703.35},{"text":"thank","start":9703.35,"end":9703.59},{"text":"you.","start":9703.59,"end":9703.75}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PAK","affiliation_full":"Pakistan","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":167,"start":9705.59,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9706","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":9705.59,"end":9706.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":9705.59,"end":9705.91},{"text":"gracias.","start":9705.91,"end":9706.55}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":9707.47,"end":9707.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9707.47,"end":9707.67},{"text":"you.","start":9707.67,"end":9707.79}]},{"text":"I give the floor now Madame Gutel to respond to the questions and comments made thus far.","start":9707.99,"end":9714.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9707.99,"end":9708.07},{"text":"give","start":9708.11,"end":9708.27},{"text":"the","start":9708.31,"end":9708.43},{"text":"floor","start":9708.43,"end":9708.75},{"text":"now","start":9708.79,"end":9708.91},{"text":"Madame","start":9710.47,"end":9710.75},{"text":"Gutel","start":9710.75,"end":9711.23},{"text":"to","start":9711.23,"end":9711.39},{"text":"respond","start":9711.63,"end":9712.23},{"text":"to","start":9712.23,"end":9712.31},{"text":"the","start":9712.31,"end":9712.39},{"text":"questions","start":9712.39,"end":9712.99},{"text":"and","start":9712.99,"end":9713.15},{"text":"comments","start":9713.15,"end":9713.63},{"text":"made","start":9713.63,"end":9713.87},{"text":"thus","start":9713.87,"end":9714.19},{"text":"far.","start":9714.19,"end":9714.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":168,"start":9718.55,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9719","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, President.","start":9718.55,"end":9719.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9718.55,"end":9718.79},{"text":"you,","start":9718.79,"end":9718.91},{"text":"President.","start":9718.91,"end":9719.39}]},{"text":"We thank all of the States for your remarks, questions, and suggestions.","start":9719.95,"end":9724.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9719.95,"end":9720.27},{"text":"thank","start":9720.27,"end":9720.75},{"text":"all","start":9721.07,"end":9721.31},{"text":"of","start":9721.31,"end":9721.39},{"text":"the","start":9721.39,"end":9721.47},{"text":"States","start":9721.47,"end":9722.11},{"text":"for","start":9722.11,"end":9722.27},{"text":"your","start":9722.27,"end":9722.39},{"text":"remarks,","start":9722.39,"end":9722.99},{"text":"questions,","start":9722.99,"end":9723.43},{"text":"and","start":9723.43,"end":9723.55},{"text":"suggestions.","start":9723.55,"end":9724.27}]},{"text":"We are extremely encouraged by your engagement and commitment to the rights of peasants and other people working in rural areas, as well as to the mandate of UNDROP and the UNDROP Working Group.","start":9724.59,"end":9734.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9724.59,"end":9724.83},{"text":"are","start":9724.83,"end":9725.07},{"text":"extremely","start":9725.07,"end":9725.47},{"text":"encouraged","start":9725.47,"end":9726.03},{"text":"by","start":9726.03,"end":9726.27},{"text":"your","start":9726.43,"end":9726.67},{"text":"engagement","start":9726.67,"end":9727.19},{"text":"and","start":9727.19,"end":9727.35},{"text":"commitment","start":9727.35,"end":9727.95},{"text":"to","start":9728.27,"end":9728.39},{"text":"the","start":9728.39,"end":9728.51},{"text":"rights","start":9728.51,"end":9728.79},{"text":"of","start":9728.79,"end":9728.91},{"text":"peasants","start":9728.91,"end":9729.31},{"text":"and","start":9729.31,"end":9729.43},{"text":"other","start":9729.43,"end":9729.59},{"text":"people","start":9729.59,"end":9729.83},{"text":"working","start":9729.83,"end":9730.15},{"text":"in","start":9730.15,"end":9730.27},{"text":"rural","start":9730.27,"end":9730.59},{"text":"areas,","start":9730.59,"end":9731.15},{"text":"as","start":9731.15,"end":9731.23},{"text":"well","start":9731.23,"end":9731.47},{"text":"as","start":9731.55,"end":9731.71},{"text":"to","start":9731.71,"end":9731.83},{"text":"the","start":9731.83,"end":9731.91},{"text":"mandate","start":9731.91,"end":9732.15},{"text":"of","start":9732.15,"end":9732.23},{"text":"UNDROP","start":9732.23,"end":9733.47},{"text":"and","start":9733.47,"end":9733.59},{"text":"the","start":9733.59,"end":9733.67},{"text":"UNDROP","start":9733.67,"end":9734.59},{"text":"Working","start":9734.59,"end":9734.83},{"text":"Group.","start":9734.83,"end":9734.99}]},{"text":"So let me try to respond to some of the questions.","start":9735.31,"end":9737.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9735.31,"end":9735.47},{"text":"let","start":9735.47,"end":9735.59},{"text":"me","start":9735.59,"end":9735.71},{"text":"try","start":9735.71,"end":9735.95},{"text":"to","start":9735.95,"end":9736.03},{"text":"respond","start":9736.03,"end":9736.47},{"text":"to","start":9736.47,"end":9736.55},{"text":"some","start":9736.55,"end":9736.79},{"text":"of","start":9736.79,"end":9736.87},{"text":"the","start":9736.87,"end":9736.95},{"text":"questions.","start":9736.95,"end":9737.55}]},{"text":"There are many.","start":9739.39,"end":9739.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":9739.39,"end":9739.47},{"text":"are","start":9739.47,"end":9739.55},{"text":"many.","start":9739.55,"end":9739.95}]},{"text":"So first, on the issue of good practices to strengthen peasant participation, UNDROP's Article 10 addresses the rights of peasants and rural workers to active and free participation directly and/or through their representative 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right to participation is also elaborated in important other human rights instruments, such as the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Declaration on Human Rights Defenders, and on Business and Human 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free, prior and informed consent for lands and traditional knowledge for Indigenous Peoples.","start":9798.11,"end":9804.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Apply","start":9798.11,"end":9798.51},{"text":"free,","start":9798.51,"end":9798.83},{"text":"prior","start":9798.83,"end":9799.35},{"text":"and","start":9799.35,"end":9799.47},{"text":"informed","start":9799.47,"end":9799.95},{"text":"consent","start":9800.19,"end":9800.67},{"text":"for","start":9800.75,"end":9800.99},{"text":"lands","start":9801.23,"end":9801.59},{"text":"and","start":9801.59,"end":9801.71},{"text":"traditional","start":9801.71,"end":9802.15},{"text":"knowledge","start":9802.15,"end":9802.51},{"text":"for","start":9802.51,"end":9802.75},{"text":"Indigenous","start":9802.99,"end":9803.47},{"text":"Peoples.","start":9803.47,"end":9804.03}]},{"text":"Support collaborative legislative drafting between peasants, Indigenous Peoples and technical partners so that they are able to contribute into policy and legislative and regulatory frameworks.","start":9804.43,"end":9815.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Support","start":9804.43,"end":9805.07},{"text":"collaborative","start":9805.07,"end":9805.71},{"text":"legislative","start":9805.71,"end":9806.35},{"text":"drafting","start":9806.35,"end":9806.87},{"text":"between","start":9806.87,"end":9807.23},{"text":"peasants,","start":9807.23,"end":9807.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":9807.67,"end":9808.11},{"text":"Peoples","start":9808.11,"end":9808.67},{"text":"and","start":9808.67,"end":9808.87},{"text":"technical","start":9808.87,"end":9809.23},{"text":"partners","start":9809.23,"end":9809.87},{"text":"so","start":9810.11,"end":9810.51},{"text":"that","start":9810.51,"end":9810.71},{"text":"they","start":9810.71,"end":9810.87},{"text":"are","start":9810.87,"end":9811.07},{"text":"able","start":9811.07,"end":9811.47},{"text":"to","start":9811.47,"end":9811.59},{"text":"contribute","start":9811.59,"end":9812.35},{"text":"into","start":9812.99,"end":9813.27},{"text":"policy","start":9813.27,"end":9813.79},{"text":"and","start":9813.79,"end":9813.95},{"text":"legislative","start":9813.95,"end":9814.51},{"text":"and","start":9814.51,"end":9814.67},{"text":"regulatory","start":9814.67,"end":9815.15},{"text":"frameworks.","start":9815.15,"end":9815.79}]},{"text":"Integrate peasant representatives directly into government technical committees, as well as in regional and international policy fora.","start":9816.27,"end":9823.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Integrate","start":9816.27,"end":9816.75},{"text":"peasant","start":9816.75,"end":9817.11},{"text":"representatives","start":9817.11,"end":9817.87},{"text":"directly","start":9817.87,"end":9818.51},{"text":"into","start":9818.59,"end":9818.91},{"text":"government","start":9818.91,"end":9819.35},{"text":"technical","start":9819.35,"end":9819.71},{"text":"committees,","start":9819.71,"end":9820.35},{"text":"as","start":9820.67,"end":9820.91},{"text":"well","start":9820.91,"end":9821.15},{"text":"as","start":9821.15,"end":9821.47},{"text":"in","start":9821.47,"end":9821.63},{"text":"regional","start":9821.63,"end":9822.03},{"text":"and","start":9822.03,"end":9822.19},{"text":"international","start":9822.19,"end":9822.75},{"text":"policy","start":9822.75,"end":9823.11},{"text":"fora.","start":9823.11,"end":9823.55}]},{"text":"It's very important in the issue of participation to guarantee gender equality for rural women in all decision-making bodies, and we have made particular recommendations on that in the report.","start":9824.07,"end":9834.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":9824.07,"end":9824.27},{"text":"very","start":9824.27,"end":9824.47},{"text":"important","start":9824.47,"end":9824.99},{"text":"in","start":9824.99,"end":9825.23},{"text":"the","start":9825.27,"end":9825.35},{"text":"issue","start":9825.35,"end":9825.55},{"text":"of","start":9825.55,"end":9825.63},{"text":"participation","start":9825.63,"end":9826.43},{"text":"to","start":9826.43,"end":9826.79},{"text":"guarantee","start":9826.83,"end":9827.47},{"text":"gender","start":9827.47,"end":9827.83},{"text":"equality","start":9827.83,"end":9828.35},{"text":"for","start":9828.35,"end":9828.51},{"text":"rural","start":9828.51,"end":9828.79},{"text":"women","start":9828.79,"end":9829.23},{"text":"in","start":9830.59,"end":9830.75},{"text":"all","start":9830.79,"end":9830.99},{"text":"decision-making","start":9830.99,"end":9831.95},{"text":"bodies,","start":9831.95,"end":9832.27},{"text":"and","start":9832.27,"end":9832.39},{"text":"we","start":9832.39,"end":9832.47},{"text":"have","start":9832.47,"end":9832.59},{"text":"made","start":9832.59,"end":9832.75},{"text":"particular","start":9832.75,"end":9833.19},{"text":"recommendations","start":9833.19,"end":9833.83},{"text":"on","start":9833.83,"end":9833.95},{"text":"that","start":9833.95,"end":9834.11},{"text":"in","start":9834.11,"end":9834.19},{"text":"the","start":9834.19,"end":9834.31},{"text":"report.","start":9834.31,"end":9834.83}]},{"text":"Utilize direct action, also strategic litigation to challenge restrictive laws, as we have seen that peasants, indigenous peoples, women's organizations, and others have been doing over the last several 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also important to establish community-owned governance models, such as participation guarantee systems, collective stewardship of territories, customary management systems, security of tenure, and so on, as have been already outlined in other policy 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also extremely important to enforce transparent business consultations that actually support business present initiatives.","start":9865.75,"end":9872.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":9865.75,"end":9866.15},{"text":"also","start":9866.15,"end":9866.51},{"text":"extremely","start":9866.51,"end":9866.99},{"text":"important","start":9866.99,"end":9867.55},{"text":"to","start":9867.55,"end":9867.67},{"text":"enforce","start":9867.67,"end":9868.23},{"text":"transparent","start":9868.23,"end":9868.95},{"text":"business","start":9869.03,"end":9869.51},{"text":"consultations","start":9869.51,"end":9870.35},{"text":"that","start":9870.35,"end":9870.55},{"text":"actually","start":9870.55,"end":9870.87},{"text":"support","start":9870.87,"end":9871.35},{"text":"business","start":9871.35,"end":9871.83},{"text":"present","start":9871.83,"end":9872.23},{"text":"initiatives.","start":9872.23,"end":9872.87}]},{"text":"and do not appropriate these initiatives of peasants and indigenous peoples and rural peoples into, shall we say, token marketing opportunities.","start":9873.55,"end":9883.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":9873.55,"end":9873.75},{"text":"do","start":9873.75,"end":9873.87},{"text":"not","start":9873.87,"end":9874.19},{"text":"appropriate","start":9874.19,"end":9874.99},{"text":"these","start":9874.99,"end":9875.23},{"text":"initiatives","start":9875.23,"end":9875.83},{"text":"of","start":9875.83,"end":9875.91},{"text":"peasants","start":9875.91,"end":9876.27},{"text":"and","start":9876.27,"end":9876.39},{"text":"indigenous","start":9876.39,"end":9876.83},{"text":"peoples","start":9876.83,"end":9877.19},{"text":"and","start":9877.19,"end":9877.31},{"text":"rural","start":9877.31,"end":9877.55},{"text":"peoples","start":9877.55,"end":9878.11},{"text":"into,","start":9878.43,"end":9878.83},{"text":"shall","start":9880.11,"end":9880.35},{"text":"we","start":9880.35,"end":9880.43},{"text":"say,","start":9880.43,"end":9880.83},{"text":"token","start":9880.91,"end":9881.63},{"text":"marketing","start":9881.71,"end":9882.27},{"text":"opportunities.","start":9882.27,"end":9883.15}]},{"text":"So these are just some suggestions that we have.","start":9883.23,"end":9886.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9883.23,"end":9883.39},{"text":"these","start":9883.39,"end":9883.55},{"text":"are","start":9883.55,"end":9883.63},{"text":"just","start":9883.63,"end":9883.91},{"text":"some","start":9883.91,"end":9884.27},{"text":"suggestions","start":9885.15,"end":9885.67},{"text":"that","start":9885.67,"end":9885.79},{"text":"we","start":9885.79,"end":9885.95},{"text":"have.","start":9885.95,"end":9886.27}]},{"text":"On the issue, there's questions raised by Cameroon and Bangladesh on how the working group can envisage reconciling necessarily the agricultural innovation and intellectual property protection.","start":9886.99,"end":9901.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":9886.99,"end":9887.15},{"text":"the","start":9887.15,"end":9887.27},{"text":"issue,","start":9887.27,"end":9888.03},{"text":"there's","start":9888.43,"end":9888.83},{"text":"questions","start":9888.87,"end":9889.47},{"text":"raised","start":9889.47,"end":9889.87},{"text":"by","start":9889.87,"end":9890.03},{"text":"Cameroon","start":9890.03,"end":9890.55},{"text":"and","start":9890.55,"end":9890.67},{"text":"Bangladesh","start":9890.67,"end":9891.19},{"text":"on","start":9891.19,"end":9891.31},{"text":"how","start":9891.31,"end":9891.47},{"text":"the","start":9891.47,"end":9891.59},{"text":"working","start":9891.59,"end":9891.91},{"text":"group","start":9891.91,"end":9892.11},{"text":"can","start":9892.55,"end":9892.91},{"text":"envisage","start":9893.31,"end":9893.95},{"text":"reconciling","start":9896.67,"end":9897.47},{"text":"necessarily","start":9897.55,"end":9898.19},{"text":"the","start":9898.43,"end":9898.55},{"text":"agricultural","start":9898.55,"end":9899.47},{"text":"innovation","start":9899.47,"end":9899.91},{"text":"and","start":9899.91,"end":9900.03},{"text":"intellectual","start":9900.03,"end":9900.51},{"text":"property","start":9900.51,"end":9900.91},{"text":"protection.","start":9900.91,"end":9901.55}]},{"text":"We'd like to say that peasants are innovators themselves.","start":9902.11,"end":9905.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'd","start":9902.11,"end":9902.35},{"text":"like","start":9902.35,"end":9902.47},{"text":"to","start":9902.47,"end":9902.59},{"text":"say","start":9902.59,"end":9902.87},{"text":"that","start":9902.87,"end":9903.11},{"text":"peasants","start":9903.11,"end":9903.59},{"text":"are","start":9903.59,"end":9903.91},{"text":"innovators","start":9903.91,"end":9904.47},{"text":"themselves.","start":9904.47,"end":9905.19}]},{"text":"Their systems embody generations of knowledge and scientific study in their territories, and these innovations and knowledge need to be recognized and protected and supported through public resources.","start":9905.51,"end":9914.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":9905.51,"end":9905.71},{"text":"systems","start":9905.71,"end":9906.31},{"text":"embody","start":9906.31,"end":9906.71},{"text":"generations","start":9906.71,"end":9907.35},{"text":"of","start":9907.35,"end":9907.43},{"text":"knowledge","start":9907.43,"end":9907.79},{"text":"and","start":9907.79,"end":9907.91},{"text":"scientific","start":9907.91,"end":9908.39},{"text":"study","start":9908.39,"end":9908.67},{"text":"in","start":9908.67,"end":9908.79},{"text":"their","start":9908.79,"end":9908.95},{"text":"territories,","start":9908.95,"end":9909.59},{"text":"and","start":9909.83,"end":9910.03},{"text":"these","start":9910.03,"end":9910.19},{"text":"innovations","start":9910.19,"end":9910.79},{"text":"and","start":9910.79,"end":9911.07},{"text":"knowledge","start":9911.07,"end":9911.35},{"text":"need","start":9911.35,"end":9911.55},{"text":"to","start":9911.55,"end":9911.63},{"text":"be","start":9911.63,"end":9911.75},{"text":"recognized","start":9911.75,"end":9912.31},{"text":"and","start":9912.31,"end":9912.43},{"text":"protected","start":9912.43,"end":9912.95},{"text":"and","start":9912.95,"end":9913.07},{"text":"supported","start":9913.07,"end":9913.55},{"text":"through","start":9913.55,"end":9913.67},{"text":"public","start":9913.67,"end":9913.99},{"text":"resources.","start":9913.99,"end":9914.79}]},{"text":"Human rights must be prioritized over intellectual property and trade agreements.","start":9915.35,"end":9920.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Human","start":9915.35,"end":9915.75},{"text":"rights","start":9915.75,"end":9916.23},{"text":"must","start":9916.63,"end":9916.95},{"text":"be","start":9916.95,"end":9917.11},{"text":"prioritized","start":9917.11,"end":9917.87},{"text":"over","start":9917.87,"end":9918.07},{"text":"intellectual","start":9918.07,"end":9918.59},{"text":"property","start":9918.59,"end":9919.11},{"text":"and","start":9919.11,"end":9919.27},{"text":"trade","start":9919.27,"end":9919.51},{"text":"agreements.","start":9919.51,"end":9920.23}]},{"text":"We recommend to enact sui generis laws tailored to local context instead of restrictive UPOV 1991 standards.","start":9920.55,"end":9929.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9920.55,"end":9920.79},{"text":"recommend","start":9921.27,"end":9921.79},{"text":"to","start":9921.79,"end":9921.91},{"text":"enact","start":9921.91,"end":9922.39},{"text":"sui","start":9922.39,"end":9922.79},{"text":"generis","start":9922.79,"end":9923.43},{"text":"laws","start":9923.43,"end":9923.91},{"text":"tailored","start":9924.15,"end":9924.79},{"text":"to","start":9925.27,"end":9925.39},{"text":"local","start":9925.43,"end":9925.75},{"text":"context","start":9925.75,"end":9926.23},{"text":"instead","start":9926.23,"end":9926.59},{"text":"of","start":9926.59,"end":9926.67},{"text":"restrictive","start":9926.67,"end":9927.07},{"text":"UPOV","start":9927.07,"end":9927.67},{"text":"1991","start":9927.67,"end":9928.47},{"text":"standards.","start":9928.47,"end":9929.19}]},{"text":"exempt traditional seeds from industrial certification and marketing rules, fund participatory breeding between farmers and scientists, enforce anti-biopiracy measures requiring prior informed consent and origin disclosure, regulate digital sequence information.","start":9929.75,"end":9946.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"exempt","start":9929.75,"end":9930.15},{"text":"traditional","start":9930.15,"end":9930.63},{"text":"seeds","start":9930.63,"end":9931.11},{"text":"from","start":9931.19,"end":9931.35},{"text":"industrial","start":9931.35,"end":9931.87},{"text":"certification","start":9931.87,"end":9932.59},{"text":"and","start":9932.59,"end":9932.71},{"text":"marketing","start":9932.71,"end":9933.19},{"text":"rules,","start":9933.19,"end":9933.67},{"text":"fund","start":9933.99,"end":9934.39},{"text":"participatory","start":9934.39,"end":9935.11},{"text":"breeding","start":9935.11,"end":9935.59},{"text":"between","start":9935.59,"end":9935.91},{"text":"farmers","start":9935.91,"end":9936.31},{"text":"and","start":9936.31,"end":9936.43},{"text":"scientists,","start":9936.43,"end":9937.19},{"text":"enforce","start":9937.51,"end":9937.99},{"text":"anti-biopiracy","start":9937.99,"end":9938.95},{"text":"measures","start":9938.95,"end":9939.43},{"text":"requiring","start":9939.43,"end":9939.91},{"text":"prior","start":9939.91,"end":9940.39},{"text":"informed","start":9940.39,"end":9940.83},{"text":"consent","start":9940.83,"end":9941.31},{"text":"and","start":9941.31,"end":9941.43},{"text":"origin","start":9941.43,"end":9941.79},{"text":"disclosure,","start":9941.79,"end":9942.47},{"text":"regulate","start":9943.11,"end":9943.83},{"text":"digital","start":9943.99,"end":9944.71},{"text":"sequence","start":9945.19,"end":9945.63},{"text":"information.","start":9945.63,"end":9946.15}]},{"text":"My time is up, so I will reserve the rest of my comments for later.","start":9946.15,"end":9950.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":9946.15,"end":9946.23},{"text":"time","start":9946.23,"end":9946.51},{"text":"is","start":9946.51,"end":9946.71},{"text":"up,","start":9946.71,"end":9946.87},{"text":"so","start":9946.87,"end":9947.11},{"text":"I","start":9947.11,"end":9947.27},{"text":"will","start":9947.27,"end":9947.59},{"text":"reserve","start":9949.35,"end":9949.67},{"text":"the","start":9949.67,"end":9949.79},{"text":"rest","start":9949.79,"end":9949.95},{"text":"of","start":9949.95,"end":9950.03},{"text":"my","start":9950.03,"end":9950.11},{"text":"comments","start":9950.11,"end":9950.43},{"text":"for","start":9950.43,"end":9950.55},{"text":"later.","start":9950.55,"end":9950.83}]},{"text":"Thanks.","start":9950.83,"end":9951.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thanks.","start":9950.83,"end":9951.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Sharmali Guttal","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":169,"start":9954.39,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9955","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":9954.39,"end":9955.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9954.39,"end":9954.63},{"text":"you","start":9954.63,"end":9954.71},{"text":"very","start":9954.71,"end":9955.23},{"text":"much.","start":9955.51,"end":9955.75}]},{"text":"We'll return now to the list of speakers.","start":9956.07,"end":9958.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'll","start":9956.07,"end":9956.31},{"text":"return","start":9956.31,"end":9956.75},{"text":"now","start":9956.75,"end":9956.83},{"text":"to","start":9956.87,"end":9956.95},{"text":"the","start":9957.11,"end":9957.23},{"text":"list","start":9957.27,"end":9957.55},{"text":"of","start":9957.55,"end":9957.63},{"text":"speakers.","start":9957.63,"end":9958.23}]},{"text":"Next on my list is the distinguished representative of South Africa.","start":9959.95,"end":9963.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next","start":9959.95,"end":9960.27},{"text":"on","start":9960.27,"end":9960.35},{"text":"my","start":9960.35,"end":9960.43},{"text":"list","start":9960.43,"end":9960.67},{"text":"is","start":9960.67,"end":9960.83},{"text":"the","start":9960.83,"end":9960.91},{"text":"distinguished","start":9960.91,"end":9961.39},{"text":"representative","start":9961.39,"end":9962.59},{"text":"of","start":9962.59,"end":9962.75},{"text":"South","start":9962.75,"end":9963.07},{"text":"Africa.","start":9963.07,"end":9963.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":170,"start":9964.75,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=9965","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":9964.75,"end":9965.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9964.75,"end":9964.95},{"text":"you,","start":9964.95,"end":9965.03},{"text":"Mr.","start":9965.03,"end":9965.35},{"text":"President.","start":9965.35,"end":9965.87}]},{"text":"We align with the Africa Group statement and thanks the working group on the rights of peasants and other people working in rural areas for this timely report on the right to seeds and for highlighting the critical relationship between the seeds, food, food security, biodiversity, livelihoods, and the resilience of rural communities.","start":9966.35,"end":9981.95,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9966.35,"end":9966.59},{"text":"align","start":9966.59,"end":9966.83},{"text":"with","start":9966.83,"end":9966.95},{"text":"the","start":9966.95,"end":9967.03},{"text":"Africa","start":9967.03,"end":9967.39},{"text":"Group","start":9967.39,"end":9967.59},{"text":"statement","start":9967.59,"end":9968.07},{"text":"and","start":9968.07,"end":9968.19},{"text":"thanks","start":9968.19,"end":9968.43},{"text":"the","start":9968.43,"end":9968.51},{"text":"working","start":9968.51,"end":9968.79},{"text":"group","start":9968.79,"end":9969.03},{"text":"on","start":9969.03,"end":9969.15},{"text":"the","start":9969.15,"end":9969.23},{"text":"rights","start":9969.23,"end":9969.47},{"text":"of","start":9969.47,"end":9969.55},{"text":"peasants","start":9969.55,"end":9970.03},{"text":"and","start":9970.03,"end":9970.27},{"text":"other","start":9970.27,"end":9970.43},{"text":"people","start":9970.43,"end":9970.71},{"text":"working","start":9970.71,"end":9970.99},{"text":"in","start":9970.99,"end":9971.07},{"text":"rural","start":9971.07,"end":9971.31},{"text":"areas","start":9971.31,"end":9971.71},{"text":"for","start":9971.71,"end":9971.87},{"text":"this","start":9971.87,"end":9972.03},{"text":"timely","start":9972.03,"end":9972.31},{"text":"report","start":9972.31,"end":9972.67},{"text":"on","start":9972.67,"end":9972.75},{"text":"the","start":9972.75,"end":9972.87},{"text":"right","start":9973.39,"end":9973.67},{"text":"to","start":9973.67,"end":9973.75},{"text":"seeds","start":9973.75,"end":9974.03},{"text":"and","start":9974.03,"end":9974.23},{"text":"for","start":9974.23,"end":9974.35},{"text":"highlighting","start":9974.35,"end":9974.87},{"text":"the","start":9974.87,"end":9974.95},{"text":"critical","start":9974.95,"end":9975.31},{"text":"relationship","start":9975.31,"end":9975.91},{"text":"between","start":9975.91,"end":9976.19},{"text":"the","start":9976.19,"end":9976.27},{"text":"seeds,","start":9976.27,"end":9976.67},{"text":"food,","start":9976.99,"end":9977.39},{"text":"food","start":9977.55,"end":9977.75},{"text":"security,","start":9977.75,"end":9978.43},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":9978.67,"end":9979.47},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":9979.55,"end":9980.27},{"text":"and","start":9980.27,"end":9980.39},{"text":"the","start":9980.39,"end":9980.47},{"text":"resilience","start":9980.47,"end":9980.95},{"text":"of","start":9980.95,"end":9981.07},{"text":"rural","start":9981.07,"end":9981.35},{"text":"communities.","start":9981.35,"end":9981.95}]},{"text":"Subsistence and smallholder farmers remain the backbone of agriculture in most developing countries.","start":9982.27,"end":9987.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Subsistence","start":9982.27,"end":9982.87},{"text":"and","start":9982.87,"end":9982.99},{"text":"smallholder","start":9982.99,"end":9983.79},{"text":"farmers","start":9983.79,"end":9984.27},{"text":"remain","start":9984.51,"end":9984.83},{"text":"the","start":9984.83,"end":9984.95},{"text":"backbone","start":9984.95,"end":9985.39},{"text":"of","start":9985.39,"end":9985.47},{"text":"agriculture","start":9985.47,"end":9985.99},{"text":"in","start":9985.99,"end":9986.11},{"text":"most","start":9986.11,"end":9986.31},{"text":"developing","start":9986.31,"end":9986.67},{"text":"countries.","start":9986.67,"end":9987.15}]},{"text":"Yet millions continue to face difficult reality, producing food with limited access to affordable inputs and essential agricultural services, such as access to quality seeds.","start":9987.63,"end":9999.87,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":9987.63,"end":9987.79},{"text":"millions","start":9987.79,"end":9988.19},{"text":"continue","start":9988.19,"end":9988.51},{"text":"to","start":9988.51,"end":9988.63},{"text":"face","start":9988.63,"end":9988.91},{"text":"difficult","start":9988.91,"end":9989.79},{"text":"reality,","start":9990.27,"end":9991.15},{"text":"producing","start":9991.39,"end":9991.87},{"text":"food","start":9991.87,"end":9992.11},{"text":"with","start":9992.11,"end":9992.31},{"text":"limited","start":9992.31,"end":9992.71},{"text":"access","start":9992.71,"end":9992.99},{"text":"to","start":9992.99,"end":9993.11},{"text":"affordable","start":9993.11,"end":9993.51},{"text":"inputs","start":9993.51,"end":9993.95},{"text":"and","start":9994.19,"end":9994.39},{"text":"essential","start":9994.39,"end":9994.79},{"text":"agricultural","start":9994.79,"end":9995.79},{"text":"services,","start":9996.27,"end":9997.95},{"text":"such","start":9998.43,"end":9998.63},{"text":"as","start":9998.63,"end":9998.83},{"text":"access","start":9998.83,"end":9999.15},{"text":"to","start":9999.15,"end":9999.23},{"text":"quality","start":9999.23,"end":9999.55},{"text":"seeds.","start":9999.55,"end":9999.87}]},{"text":"Seeds are not merely agricultural inputs.","start":10000.11,"end":10002.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Seeds","start":10000.11,"end":10000.43},{"text":"are","start":10000.43,"end":10000.51},{"text":"not","start":10000.51,"end":10000.75},{"text":"merely","start":10000.75,"end":10000.99},{"text":"agricultural","start":10000.99,"end":10001.59},{"text":"inputs.","start":10001.59,"end":10002.11}]},{"text":"For millions of these farmers, seeds are central to livelihoods, cultural heritage, food sovereignty and the ability of communities to adapt to climate change.","start":10002.35,"end":10010.59,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10010.83,"end":10010.99},{"text":"therefore","start":10010.99,"end":10011.35},{"text":"underscore","start":10011.35,"end":10011.71},{"text":"the","start":10011.71,"end":10011.79},{"text":"importance","start":10011.79,"end":10012.27},{"text":"of","start":10012.27,"end":10012.35},{"text":"protecting","start":10012.35,"end":10012.83},{"text":"traditional","start":10012.83,"end":10013.27},{"text":"seed","start":10013.27,"end":10013.47},{"text":"systems","start":10013.47,"end":10013.95},{"text":"and","start":10014.31,"end":10014.43},{"text":"ensuring","start":10014.43,"end":10014.75},{"text":"that","start":10014.75,"end":10014.91},{"text":"rural","start":10014.91,"end":10015.15},{"text":"communities","start":10015.15,"end":10015.63},{"text":"are","start":10015.63,"end":10015.71},{"text":"able","start":10015.71,"end":10015.95},{"text":"to","start":10015.95,"end":10016.07},{"text":"preserve,","start":10016.07,"end":10016.59},{"text":"use,","start":10016.91,"end":10017.39},{"text":"exchange","start":10017.63,"end":10018.27},{"text":"and","start":10018.51,"end":10018.67},{"text":"whilst","start":10018.67,"end":10019.15},{"text":"enabling","start":10019.15,"end":10019.55},{"text":"appropriate","start":10019.55,"end":10020.03},{"text":"quality","start":10020.03,"end":10020.39},{"text":"seeds,","start":10020.39,"end":10020.75},{"text":"breeding","start":10020.91,"end":10021.31},{"text":"innovations.","start":10021.31,"end":10022.03}]},{"text":"In this regard, South Africa is investing in public sector breeding program through the Agricultural Research Council, ARC.","start":10022.27,"end":10027.99,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10022.27,"end":10022.39},{"text":"this","start":10022.39,"end":10022.59},{"text":"regard,","start":10022.59,"end":10022.87},{"text":"South","start":10022.87,"end":10023.03},{"text":"Africa","start":10023.03,"end":10023.31},{"text":"is","start":10023.31,"end":10023.39},{"text":"investing","start":10023.39,"end":10023.87},{"text":"in","start":10023.87,"end":10023.95},{"text":"public","start":10023.95,"end":10024.31},{"text":"sector","start":10024.31,"end":10024.63},{"text":"breeding","start":10024.63,"end":10024.91},{"text":"program","start":10024.91,"end":10025.31},{"text":"through","start":10025.55,"end":10025.79},{"text":"the","start":10025.79,"end":10025.91},{"text":"Agricultural","start":10026.11,"end":10026.67},{"text":"Research","start":10026.67,"end":10026.99},{"text":"Council,","start":10026.99,"end":10027.47},{"text":"ARC.","start":10027.79,"end":10027.99}]},{"text":"Finally, South Africa supports the renewal of the working group's mandate for a further three years.","start":10028.59,"end":10032.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":10028.59,"end":10029.07},{"text":"South","start":10029.07,"end":10029.31},{"text":"Africa","start":10029.31,"end":10029.63},{"text":"supports","start":10029.63,"end":10030.03},{"text":"the","start":10030.03,"end":10030.11},{"text":"renewal","start":10030.11,"end":10030.51},{"text":"of","start":10030.51,"end":10030.59},{"text":"the","start":10030.59,"end":10030.67},{"text":"working","start":10030.67,"end":10030.91},{"text":"group's","start":10030.91,"end":10031.23},{"text":"mandate","start":10031.23,"end":10031.63},{"text":"for","start":10031.71,"end":10031.91},{"text":"a","start":10031.91,"end":10031.95},{"text":"further","start":10031.95,"end":10032.27},{"text":"three","start":10032.27,"end":10032.47},{"text":"years.","start":10032.47,"end":10032.83}]},{"text":"We believe in its continued work.","start":10032.99,"end":10034.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10032.99,"end":10033.11},{"text":"believe","start":10033.11,"end":10033.47},{"text":"in","start":10033.47,"end":10033.55},{"text":"its","start":10033.55,"end":10033.71},{"text":"continued","start":10033.71,"end":10034.11},{"text":"work.","start":10034.11,"end":10034.35}]},{"text":"We believe that continue to work remains important to advancing the implementation of the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Peasants and other people working in rural areas.","start":10034.91,"end":10043.87,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10034.91,"end":10035.07},{"text":"believe","start":10035.07,"end":10035.39},{"text":"that","start":10035.39,"end":10035.83},{"text":"continue","start":10035.91,"end":10036.19},{"text":"to","start":10036.19,"end":10036.27},{"text":"work","start":10036.27,"end":10036.51},{"text":"remains","start":10036.67,"end":10037.03},{"text":"important","start":10037.03,"end":10037.51},{"text":"to","start":10037.51,"end":10037.59},{"text":"advancing","start":10037.59,"end":10038.11},{"text":"the","start":10038.11,"end":10038.19},{"text":"implementation","start":10038.19,"end":10038.83},{"text":"of","start":10038.83,"end":10038.91},{"text":"the","start":10038.91,"end":10039.03},{"text":"United","start":10039.87,"end":10040.35},{"text":"Nations","start":10040.35,"end":10040.63},{"text":"Declaration","start":10040.63,"end":10041.15},{"text":"of","start":10041.15,"end":10041.23},{"text":"the","start":10041.23,"end":10041.35},{"text":"Rights","start":10041.35,"end":10041.59},{"text":"of","start":10041.59,"end":10041.67},{"text":"Peasants","start":10041.67,"end":10042.11},{"text":"and","start":10042.35,"end":10042.55},{"text":"other","start":10042.55,"end":10042.71},{"text":"people","start":10042.71,"end":10042.95},{"text":"working","start":10042.95,"end":10043.23},{"text":"in","start":10043.23,"end":10043.31},{"text":"rural","start":10043.31,"end":10043.55},{"text":"areas.","start":10043.55,"end":10043.87}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10043.95,"end":10044.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10043.95,"end":10044.11},{"text":"thank","start":10044.11,"end":10044.39},{"text":"you.","start":10044.39,"end":10044.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ZAF","affiliation_full":"South Africa","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":171,"start":10046.59,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10047","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":10046.59,"end":10047.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":10046.59,"end":10046.99},{"text":"gracias.","start":10046.99,"end":10047.63}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10047.87,"end":10048.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10047.87,"end":10048.07},{"text":"you","start":10048.07,"end":10048.15},{"text":"very","start":10048.15,"end":10048.31},{"text":"much.","start":10048.31,"end":10048.75}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Iraq.","start":10049.63,"end":10052.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10049.63,"end":10049.67},{"text":"give","start":10049.67,"end":10049.79},{"text":"the","start":10049.79,"end":10049.87},{"text":"floor","start":10049.87,"end":10050.07},{"text":"to","start":10050.07,"end":10050.15},{"text":"the","start":10050.15,"end":10050.23},{"text":"distinguished","start":10050.23,"end":10050.67},{"text":"representative","start":10050.67,"end":10051.79},{"text":"of","start":10051.79,"end":10051.99},{"text":"Iraq.","start":10051.99,"end":10052.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":172,"start":10056.19,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10057","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":10056.19,"end":10058.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10056.19,"end":10056.51},{"text":"you,","start":10056.51,"end":10056.59},{"text":"Mr.","start":10056.59,"end":10056.99},{"text":"Vice","start":10056.99,"end":10057.39},{"text":"President.","start":10057.39,"end":10058.35}]},{"text":"We reaffirm that supporting the rights of peasants are a main part of the efforts of the states to enhance food security and achieve sustainable rural development.","start":10058.51,"end":10073.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10058.51,"end":10058.83},{"text":"reaffirm","start":10058.83,"end":10059.63},{"text":"that","start":10060.27,"end":10060.83},{"text":"supporting","start":10061.07,"end":10061.79},{"text":"the","start":10061.79,"end":10061.87},{"text":"rights","start":10061.87,"end":10062.27},{"text":"of","start":10062.27,"end":10062.51},{"text":"peasants","start":10062.51,"end":10063.15},{"text":"are","start":10063.63,"end":10064.11},{"text":"a","start":10064.11,"end":10064.15},{"text":"main","start":10064.19,"end":10064.75},{"text":"part","start":10064.75,"end":10065.15},{"text":"of","start":10065.15,"end":10065.47},{"text":"the","start":10065.47,"end":10065.63},{"text":"efforts","start":10065.63,"end":10066.19},{"text":"of","start":10066.19,"end":10066.43},{"text":"the","start":10066.43,"end":10066.51},{"text":"states","start":10066.51,"end":10067.15},{"text":"to","start":10067.47,"end":10067.63},{"text":"enhance","start":10067.71,"end":10068.43},{"text":"food","start":10068.51,"end":10069.07},{"text":"security","start":10069.07,"end":10069.95},{"text":"and","start":10069.95,"end":10070.35},{"text":"achieve","start":10070.35,"end":10070.99},{"text":"sustainable","start":10070.99,"end":10071.79},{"text":"rural","start":10071.79,"end":10072.35},{"text":"development.","start":10072.35,"end":10073.23}]},{"text":"The government of Iraq has taken a number of measures to support peasants this year.","start":10074.35,"end":10081.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10074.35,"end":10074.47},{"text":"government","start":10074.47,"end":10074.99},{"text":"of","start":10074.99,"end":10075.15},{"text":"Iraq","start":10075.15,"end":10075.63},{"text":"has","start":10075.63,"end":10075.87},{"text":"taken","start":10075.87,"end":10076.43},{"text":"a","start":10076.43,"end":10076.47},{"text":"number","start":10076.47,"end":10076.75},{"text":"of","start":10076.75,"end":10076.91},{"text":"measures","start":10076.91,"end":10077.55},{"text":"to","start":10077.55,"end":10077.75},{"text":"support","start":10077.75,"end":10078.51},{"text":"peasants","start":10079.55,"end":10080.27},{"text":"this","start":10080.27,"end":10080.75},{"text":"year.","start":10081.15,"end":10081.39}]},{"text":"The summer agricultural plan has dedicated 1,800,000 dunams for agriculture.","start":10081.39,"end":10092.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10081.39,"end":10081.51},{"text":"summer","start":10081.51,"end":10082.11},{"text":"agricultural","start":10082.11,"end":10083.31},{"text":"plan","start":10083.31,"end":10084.19},{"text":"has","start":10085.11,"end":10085.51},{"text":"dedicated","start":10086.23,"end":10087.51},{"text":"1,800,000","start":10087.67,"end":10090.43},{"text":"dunams","start":10090.43,"end":10091.11},{"text":"for","start":10091.19,"end":10091.75},{"text":"agriculture.","start":10091.75,"end":10092.71}]},{"text":"And the government has used new irrigation technologies and laser leveling technologies in that in order to rationalize the use of water.","start":10093.03,"end":10105.19,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10093.03,"end":10093.23},{"text":"the","start":10093.23,"end":10093.31},{"text":"government","start":10093.35,"end":10093.99},{"text":"has","start":10093.99,"end":10094.31},{"text":"used","start":10094.31,"end":10094.87},{"text":"new","start":10095.11,"end":10095.59},{"text":"irrigation","start":10095.59,"end":10096.71},{"text":"technologies","start":10096.71,"end":10097.83},{"text":"and","start":10097.83,"end":10098.07},{"text":"laser","start":10098.07,"end":10098.63},{"text":"leveling","start":10098.63,"end":10099.27},{"text":"technologies","start":10099.27,"end":10100.23},{"text":"in","start":10100.63,"end":10101.43},{"text":"that","start":10101.43,"end":10101.91},{"text":"in","start":10101.91,"end":10102.15},{"text":"order","start":10102.15,"end":10102.55},{"text":"to","start":10102.55,"end":10102.75},{"text":"rationalize","start":10102.75,"end":10103.91},{"text":"the","start":10103.91,"end":10104.03},{"text":"use","start":10104.07,"end":10104.43},{"text":"of","start":10104.43,"end":10104.63},{"text":"water.","start":10104.63,"end":10105.19}]},{"text":"And we The cabinet in 2026 limited the price of wheat and has worked on increasing the storage capacity.","start":10105.75,"end":10123.71,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10105.75,"end":10106.39},{"text":"we","start":10108.71,"end":10109.11},{"text":"The","start":10111.87,"end":10111.91},{"text":"cabinet","start":10111.91,"end":10112.75},{"text":"in","start":10112.75,"end":10113.31},{"text":"2026","start":10113.31,"end":10114.59},{"text":"limited","start":10114.59,"end":10115.39},{"text":"the","start":10115.55,"end":10115.79},{"text":"price","start":10115.79,"end":10116.51},{"text":"of","start":10117.15,"end":10117.55},{"text":"wheat","start":10117.63,"end":10118.43},{"text":"and","start":10118.43,"end":10118.83},{"text":"has","start":10118.83,"end":10119.07},{"text":"worked","start":10119.07,"end":10119.71},{"text":"on","start":10119.71,"end":10120.19},{"text":"increasing","start":10120.19,"end":10121.31},{"text":"the","start":10121.71,"end":10121.87},{"text":"storage","start":10121.87,"end":10122.67},{"text":"capacity.","start":10122.67,"end":10123.71}]},{"text":"In 2026, we enhanced our partnership with international organization to support small farmers and FAO, and we have started a new initiative for the southern part of Iraq, we reaffirm our commitment to continue our support to the rights of.","start":10124.03,"end":10146.35,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10157.39,"end":10157.55},{"text":"key","start":10157.87,"end":10158.51},{"text":"elements","start":10158.99,"end":10163.87},{"text":"in","start":10163.87,"end":10164.11},{"text":"diversity,","start":10164.11,"end":10164.83},{"text":"crops","start":10165.87,"end":10166.15},{"text":"and","start":10166.15,"end":10166.27},{"text":"food","start":10166.27,"end":10166.51},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":10166.51,"end":10166.99},{"text":"due","start":10167.55,"end":10167.71},{"text":"to","start":10167.71,"end":10167.83},{"text":"its","start":10167.83,"end":10167.99},{"text":"important","start":10167.99,"end":10168.59},{"text":"Seeds","start":10169.23,"end":10169.63},{"text":"have","start":10169.63,"end":10169.87},{"text":"been","start":10169.95,"end":10170.43},{"text":"highlighted","start":10170.51,"end":10171.07},{"text":"repeatedly","start":10171.07,"end":10171.51},{"text":"in","start":10171.51,"end":10171.59},{"text":"international","start":10171.59,"end":10172.31},{"text":"law.","start":10172.31,"end":10172.43}]},{"text":"The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights calls on states to guarantee access to productive resources, including land, water and seeds, and to refrain from adopting any regressive measures to undermine that access, such as privatisation or restrictions on essential food resources.","start":10172.43,"end":10191.71,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10172.43,"end":10172.51},{"text":"International","start":10172.51,"end":10173.07},{"text":"Covenant","start":10173.07,"end":10173.55},{"text":"on","start":10173.55,"end":10173.75},{"text":"Economic,","start":10173.75,"end":10174.11},{"text":"Social","start":10174.11,"end":10174.43},{"text":"and","start":10174.43,"end":10174.67},{"text":"Cultural","start":10174.67,"end":10175.19},{"text":"Rights","start":10175.19,"end":10175.55},{"text":"calls","start":10176.03,"end":10176.43},{"text":"on","start":10176.43,"end":10176.59},{"text":"states","start":10176.59,"end":10177.07},{"text":"to","start":10177.07,"end":10177.19},{"text":"guarantee","start":10177.19,"end":10177.87},{"text":"access","start":10177.87,"end":10178.43},{"text":"to","start":10178.43,"end":10178.59},{"text":"productive","start":10178.59,"end":10179.15},{"text":"resources,","start":10179.23,"end":10179.87},{"text":"including","start":10179.87,"end":10180.35},{"text":"land,","start":10180.35,"end":10180.83},{"text":"water","start":10180.83,"end":10181.55},{"text":"and","start":10181.55,"end":10181.87},{"text":"seeds,","start":10181.87,"end":10182.67},{"text":"and","start":10182.67,"end":10182.95},{"text":"to","start":10182.95,"end":10183.03},{"text":"refrain","start":10183.03,"end":10183.47},{"text":"from","start":10183.55,"end":10183.71},{"text":"adopting","start":10183.71,"end":10184.11},{"text":"any","start":10184.11,"end":10184.27},{"text":"regressive","start":10184.27,"end":10184.75},{"text":"measures","start":10184.75,"end":10185.07},{"text":"to","start":10185.07,"end":10185.19},{"text":"undermine","start":10185.19,"end":10185.75},{"text":"that","start":10185.75,"end":10186.07},{"text":"access,","start":10186.07,"end":10186.59},{"text":"such","start":10186.83,"end":10187.19},{"text":"as","start":10187.19,"end":10187.39},{"text":"privatisation","start":10187.39,"end":10188.27},{"text":"or","start":10188.27,"end":10188.47},{"text":"restrictions","start":10188.47,"end":10189.31},{"text":"on","start":10189.31,"end":10189.71},{"text":"essential","start":10190.03,"end":10190.51},{"text":"food","start":10190.51,"end":10190.83},{"text":"resources.","start":10190.83,"end":10191.71}]},{"text":"For its part, the UN Declaration, the UNDROP, recognizes the crucial role of rural workers in conservation, utilization, interchange and sale, as well as of seeds and knowledge.","start":10191.79,"end":10206.71,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Cuba","start":10225.39,"end":10225.71},{"text":"will","start":10225.71,"end":10225.87},{"text":"continue","start":10225.87,"end":10226.23},{"text":"to","start":10226.23,"end":10226.35},{"text":"support","start":10226.35,"end":10226.91},{"text":"the","start":10226.91,"end":10227.03},{"text":"important","start":10227.03,"end":10227.63},{"text":"mandate","start":10227.63,"end":10228.11},{"text":"of","start":10228.11,"end":10228.27},{"text":"the","start":10228.27,"end":10228.35},{"text":"working","start":10228.35,"end":10228.83},{"text":"group","start":10228.83,"end":10229.11},{"text":"on","start":10229.55,"end":10229.63},{"text":"the","start":10229.63,"end":10229.71},{"text":"rights","start":10229.71,"end":10230.07},{"text":"of","start":10230.07,"end":10230.19},{"text":"campesinos","start":10230.19,"end":10230.99},{"text":"and","start":10230.99,"end":10231.27},{"text":"other","start":10231.27,"end":10231.55},{"text":"people","start":10231.79,"end":10232.11},{"text":"working","start":10232.11,"end":10232.39},{"text":"in","start":10232.39,"end":10232.51},{"text":"rural","start":10232.51,"end":10232.83},{"text":"areas.","start":10232.83,"end":10233.31}]},{"text":"Our country is part of the group of nations be presenting a draft resolution at this session of the Council to renew the mandate of this mechanism.","start":10233.67,"end":10243.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10233.67,"end":10233.75},{"text":"country","start":10233.75,"end":10234.27},{"text":"is","start":10234.27,"end":10234.51},{"text":"part","start":10234.91,"end":10235.39},{"text":"of","start":10235.71,"end":10235.87},{"text":"the","start":10235.87,"end":10236.15},{"text":"group","start":10236.35,"end":10236.63},{"text":"of","start":10236.63,"end":10236.75},{"text":"nations","start":10236.75,"end":10237.27},{"text":"be","start":10237.39,"end":10237.55},{"text":"presenting","start":10237.55,"end":10238.03},{"text":"a","start":10238.03,"end":10238.07},{"text":"draft","start":10238.07,"end":10238.47},{"text":"resolution","start":10238.47,"end":10239.15},{"text":"at","start":10239.31,"end":10239.47},{"text":"this","start":10239.47,"end":10239.67},{"text":"session","start":10239.67,"end":10239.95},{"text":"of","start":10239.95,"end":10240.11},{"text":"the","start":10240.11,"end":10240.19},{"text":"Council","start":10240.19,"end":10240.67},{"text":"to","start":10240.67,"end":10241.07},{"text":"renew","start":10241.31,"end":10241.71},{"text":"the","start":10241.71,"end":10241.79},{"text":"mandate","start":10241.79,"end":10242.27},{"text":"of","start":10242.27,"end":10242.39},{"text":"this","start":10242.39,"end":10242.59},{"text":"mechanism.","start":10242.59,"end":10243.15}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":10243.15,"end":10243.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10243.15,"end":10243.47},{"text":"you.","start":10243.47,"end":10243.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CUB","affiliation_full":"Cuba","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":175,"start":10244.67,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10245","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10244.67,"end":10245.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10244.67,"end":10244.91},{"text":"you","start":10244.91,"end":10245.03},{"text":"very","start":10245.03,"end":10245.19},{"text":"much.","start":10245.19,"end":10245.71}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of India.","start":10246.43,"end":10249.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10246.43,"end":10246.59},{"text":"give","start":10246.63,"end":10246.79},{"text":"the","start":10246.79,"end":10246.91},{"text":"floor","start":10246.91,"end":10247.11},{"text":"to","start":10247.11,"end":10247.19},{"text":"the","start":10247.19,"end":10247.27},{"text":"distinguished","start":10247.27,"end":10247.71},{"text":"representative","start":10247.71,"end":10248.91},{"text":"of","start":10248.91,"end":10249.15},{"text":"India.","start":10249.15,"end":10249.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":176,"start":10251.87,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10252","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Vice President, India thanks the working group for its presentation and for constructive engagement with member states and highlighting the importance of seeds in the lives and livelihoods of peasants and other rural workers.","start":10251.87,"end":10263.39,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":10318.67,"end":10318.91},{"text":"seeds,","start":10318.91,"end":10319.47},{"text":"India","start":10319.55,"end":10319.87},{"text":"supports","start":10319.87,"end":10320.59},{"text":"a","start":10320.67,"end":10320.91},{"text":"balanced","start":10321.23,"end":10321.71},{"text":"approach","start":10321.71,"end":10322.19},{"text":"that","start":10322.19,"end":10322.35},{"text":"recognizes","start":10322.35,"end":10323.07},{"text":"farmers","start":10323.07,"end":10323.71},{"text":"as","start":10323.95,"end":10324.15},{"text":"custodians","start":10324.15,"end":10324.99},{"text":"and","start":10324.99,"end":10325.23},{"text":"innovators.","start":10325.23,"end":10326.03}]},{"text":"It strengthens access to quality and climate-resilient seeds, protects agro-biodiversity, and supports research and farmer choice in accordance with national law and international commitment.","start":10326.91,"end":10339.15,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. 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believe that the report should give greater attention to the adverse human rights impacts of economic, financial, and trade sanctions.","start":10459.79,"end":10467.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10459.79,"end":10459.83},{"text":"believe","start":10459.83,"end":10460.23},{"text":"that","start":10460.23,"end":10460.55},{"text":"the","start":10460.55,"end":10460.67},{"text":"report","start":10460.67,"end":10461.15},{"text":"should","start":10461.15,"end":10461.43},{"text":"give","start":10461.43,"end":10461.75},{"text":"greater","start":10461.75,"end":10462.15},{"text":"attention","start":10462.15,"end":10462.71},{"text":"to","start":10462.71,"end":10462.83},{"text":"the","start":10462.83,"end":10462.91},{"text":"adverse","start":10462.91,"end":10463.43},{"text":"human","start":10463.75,"end":10464.07},{"text":"rights","start":10464.07,"end":10464.47},{"text":"impacts","start":10464.47,"end":10464.95},{"text":"of","start":10464.95,"end":10465.11},{"text":"economic,","start":10465.11,"end":10465.67},{"text":"financial,","start":10465.83,"end":10466.47},{"text":"and","start":10466.47,"end":10466.67},{"text":"trade","start":10466.67,"end":10467.03},{"text":"sanctions.","start":10467.27,"end":10467.91}]},{"text":"My delegation further draw attention of the working group to the destruction of civilian agricultural and food infrastructure during the recent aggression against Iran. 206 livestock, poultry, and agriculture facilities were completely destroyed and 101 seriously damaged.","start":10467.91,"end":10487.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":10467.91,"end":10468.15},{"text":"delegation","start":10468.15,"end":10468.71},{"text":"further","start":10468.71,"end":10469.11},{"text":"draw","start":10469.11,"end":10469.35},{"text":"attention","start":10469.35,"end":10469.91},{"text":"of","start":10469.99,"end":10470.15},{"text":"the","start":10470.15,"end":10470.27},{"text":"working","start":10470.35,"end":10470.75},{"text":"group","start":10470.75,"end":10471.11},{"text":"to","start":10471.35,"end":10471.47},{"text":"the","start":10471.47,"end":10471.55},{"text":"destruction","start":10471.55,"end":10472.23},{"text":"of","start":10472.23,"end":10472.31},{"text":"civilian","start":10472.31,"end":10472.87},{"text":"agricultural","start":10472.87,"end":10473.83},{"text":"and","start":10473.83,"end":10474.03},{"text":"food","start":10474.03,"end":10474.39},{"text":"infrastructure","start":10474.39,"end":10475.35},{"text":"during","start":10475.83,"end":10476.15},{"text":"the","start":10476.15,"end":10476.27},{"text":"recent","start":10476.27,"end":10476.59},{"text":"aggression","start":10476.59,"end":10477.03},{"text":"against","start":10477.03,"end":10477.47},{"text":"Iran.","start":10477.47,"end":10477.75},{"text":"206","start":10478.39,"end":10479.67},{"text":"livestock,","start":10479.67,"end":10480.47},{"text":"poultry,","start":10481.19,"end":10481.75},{"text":"and","start":10481.83,"end":10482.11},{"text":"agriculture","start":10482.11,"end":10482.63},{"text":"facilities","start":10482.63,"end":10483.27},{"text":"were","start":10483.27,"end":10483.51},{"text":"completely","start":10483.67,"end":10484.23},{"text":"destroyed","start":10484.23,"end":10484.79},{"text":"and","start":10484.79,"end":10485.07},{"text":"101","start":10485.07,"end":10486.07},{"text":"seriously","start":10486.23,"end":10486.87},{"text":"damaged.","start":10486.87,"end":10487.27}]},{"text":"Production facilities, cold storage centers, food markets, grain and rice warehouses, poultry and shrimp farms, and other facilities containing fertilizers and water were also targeted.","start":10488.59,"end":10504.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Production","start":10488.59,"end":10489.07},{"text":"facilities,","start":10489.07,"end":10489.75},{"text":"cold","start":10490.47,"end":10490.83},{"text":"storage","start":10490.83,"end":10491.19},{"text":"centers,","start":10491.19,"end":10491.75},{"text":"food","start":10492.63,"end":10492.95},{"text":"markets,","start":10492.95,"end":10493.59},{"text":"grain","start":10493.63,"end":10493.87},{"text":"and","start":10493.87,"end":10494.15},{"text":"rice","start":10494.15,"end":10494.55},{"text":"warehouses,","start":10494.99,"end":10495.75},{"text":"poultry","start":10495.99,"end":10496.47},{"text":"and","start":10496.47,"end":10496.87},{"text":"shrimp","start":10497.11,"end":10497.71},{"text":"farms,","start":10497.71,"end":10498.15},{"text":"and","start":10498.31,"end":10498.63},{"text":"other","start":10498.63,"end":10499.91},{"text":"facilities","start":10499.91,"end":10500.55},{"text":"containing","start":10500.55,"end":10501.03},{"text":"fertilizers","start":10501.03,"end":10501.91},{"text":"and","start":10502.39,"end":10502.63},{"text":"water","start":10502.63,"end":10503.03},{"text":"were","start":10503.19,"end":10503.43},{"text":"also","start":10503.43,"end":10503.83},{"text":"targeted.","start":10503.83,"end":10504.47}]},{"text":"The international community must strengthen the protection of peasants and rural communities and ensure that access to seed, agriculture inputs, food, fodder, and essential agriculture infrastructure is effectively safeguarded.","start":10504.55,"end":10518.99,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10504.55,"end":10504.67},{"text":"international","start":10504.67,"end":10505.27},{"text":"community","start":10505.27,"end":10505.75},{"text":"must","start":10505.75,"end":10505.99},{"text":"strengthen","start":10505.99,"end":10506.71},{"text":"the","start":10506.71,"end":10506.83},{"text":"protection","start":10506.83,"end":10507.39},{"text":"of","start":10507.39,"end":10507.47},{"text":"peasants","start":10507.47,"end":10507.99},{"text":"and","start":10508.07,"end":10508.27},{"text":"rural","start":10508.27,"end":10508.63},{"text":"communities","start":10508.87,"end":10509.43},{"text":"and","start":10509.43,"end":10509.55},{"text":"ensure","start":10509.55,"end":10510.15},{"text":"that","start":10510.55,"end":10510.79},{"text":"access","start":10510.83,"end":10511.31},{"text":"to","start":10511.31,"end":10511.39},{"text":"seed,","start":10511.39,"end":10511.75},{"text":"agriculture","start":10511.83,"end":10512.39},{"text":"inputs,","start":10512.39,"end":10512.83},{"text":"food,","start":10512.83,"end":10513.19},{"text":"fodder,","start":10513.19,"end":10513.67},{"text":"and","start":10514.31,"end":10514.47},{"text":"essential","start":10514.71,"end":10515.27},{"text":"agriculture","start":10515.35,"end":10516.07},{"text":"infrastructure","start":10516.07,"end":10517.03},{"text":"is","start":10517.03,"end":10517.35},{"text":"effectively","start":10517.43,"end":10518.23},{"text":"safeguarded.","start":10518.31,"end":10518.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"IRN","affiliation_full":"Iran (Islamic Republic of)","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":181,"start":10519.11,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10520","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you.","start":10519.11,"end":10521.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10519.11,"end":10519.27},{"text":"thank","start":10519.27,"end":10519.59},{"text":"you.","start":10521.75,"end":10521.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":10523.23,"end":10523.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10523.23,"end":10523.59},{"text":"you.","start":10523.59,"end":10523.79}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria.","start":10523.79,"end":10526.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10523.79,"end":10523.83},{"text":"give","start":10523.83,"end":10523.99},{"text":"the","start":10523.99,"end":10524.07},{"text":"floor","start":10524.07,"end":10524.23},{"text":"to","start":10524.23,"end":10524.31},{"text":"the","start":10524.31,"end":10524.39},{"text":"distinguished","start":10524.39,"end":10524.83},{"text":"representative","start":10524.83,"end":10525.83},{"text":"of","start":10525.99,"end":10526.15},{"text":"Algeria.","start":10526.15,"end":10526.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":182,"start":10528.79,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10529","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":10528.79,"end":10530.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10528.79,"end":10529.19},{"text":"you,","start":10529.19,"end":10529.35},{"text":"Mr.","start":10529.35,"end":10529.83},{"text":"President.","start":10529.83,"end":10530.87}]},{"text":"We thank the working group for the report.","start":10530.87,"end":10533.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10530.87,"end":10531.11},{"text":"thank","start":10531.11,"end":10531.51},{"text":"the","start":10531.59,"end":10531.71},{"text":"working","start":10531.83,"end":10532.39},{"text":"group","start":10532.39,"end":10532.79},{"text":"for","start":10532.79,"end":10533.11},{"text":"the","start":10533.11,"end":10533.19},{"text":"report.","start":10533.19,"end":10533.99}]},{"text":"We attach high importance to preserving biodiversity and food security.","start":10534.79,"end":10540.79,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10534.79,"end":10535.27},{"text":"attach","start":10535.27,"end":10535.83},{"text":"high","start":10535.83,"end":10536.15},{"text":"importance","start":10536.15,"end":10536.95},{"text":"to","start":10536.95,"end":10537.11},{"text":"preserving","start":10537.11,"end":10537.83},{"text":"biodiversity","start":10537.83,"end":10539.31},{"text":"and","start":10539.31,"end":10539.51},{"text":"food","start":10539.51,"end":10539.83},{"text":"security.","start":10539.83,"end":10540.79}]},{"text":"and the main role of peasants in preserving plant genetics and developing them.","start":10541.27,"end":10548.07,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":10541.27,"end":10541.55},{"text":"the","start":10541.55,"end":10541.63},{"text":"main","start":10541.63,"end":10542.23},{"text":"role","start":10542.23,"end":10542.71},{"text":"of","start":10542.71,"end":10543.03},{"text":"peasants","start":10543.11,"end":10543.83},{"text":"in","start":10543.83,"end":10544.31},{"text":"preserving","start":10544.31,"end":10545.27},{"text":"plant","start":10545.59,"end":10546.07},{"text":"genetics","start":10546.07,"end":10546.79},{"text":"and","start":10546.79,"end":10547.07},{"text":"developing","start":10547.07,"end":10547.75},{"text":"them.","start":10547.75,"end":10548.07}]},{"text":"Our legislations stipulate the necessity to achieve a balance between innovation and the rights of peasants.","start":10548.55,"end":10558.07,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10548.55,"end":10549.03},{"text":"legislations","start":10549.19,"end":10550.63},{"text":"stipulate","start":10552.15,"end":10552.99},{"text":"the","start":10552.99,"end":10553.07},{"text":"necessity","start":10553.11,"end":10554.07},{"text":"to","start":10554.07,"end":10554.19},{"text":"achieve","start":10554.27,"end":10554.71},{"text":"a","start":10554.71,"end":10554.79},{"text":"balance","start":10554.79,"end":10555.35},{"text":"between","start":10555.35,"end":10555.91},{"text":"innovation","start":10555.91,"end":10556.71},{"text":"and","start":10556.71,"end":10556.83},{"text":"the","start":10556.83,"end":10556.95},{"text":"rights","start":10556.95,"end":10557.31},{"text":"of","start":10557.31,"end":10557.43},{"text":"peasants.","start":10557.43,"end":10558.07}]},{"text":"In particular, guarantees are provided to peasants to use their harvest in protected areas as well as legislation on food security.","start":10558.55,"end":10573.91,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10558.55,"end":10558.87},{"text":"particular,","start":10558.87,"end":10559.91},{"text":"guarantees","start":10560.15,"end":10561.11},{"text":"are","start":10561.11,"end":10561.27},{"text":"provided","start":10561.27,"end":10562.23},{"text":"to","start":10562.47,"end":10562.79},{"text":"peasants","start":10562.79,"end":10563.59},{"text":"to","start":10563.59,"end":10563.83},{"text":"use","start":10563.99,"end":10564.63},{"text":"their","start":10564.87,"end":10565.51},{"text":"harvest","start":10565.51,"end":10566.39},{"text":"in","start":10567.03,"end":10567.51},{"text":"protected","start":10567.51,"end":10568.39},{"text":"areas","start":10569.51,"end":10570.23},{"text":"as","start":10570.23,"end":10570.71},{"text":"well","start":10570.71,"end":10571.11},{"text":"as","start":10571.27,"end":10571.59},{"text":"legislation","start":10571.59,"end":10572.63},{"text":"on","start":10572.63,"end":10572.79},{"text":"food","start":10572.79,"end":10573.11},{"text":"security.","start":10573.11,"end":10573.91}]},{"text":"We believe that seed policies must be drafted while taking into account national agricultural characteristics, biodiversity, and the needs of rural communities.","start":10573.91,"end":10587.35,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10573.91,"end":10574.15},{"text":"believe","start":10574.15,"end":10574.55},{"text":"that","start":10574.95,"end":10575.43},{"text":"seed","start":10575.43,"end":10575.91},{"text":"policies","start":10575.91,"end":10576.79},{"text":"must","start":10577.03,"end":10577.47},{"text":"be","start":10577.47,"end":10577.75},{"text":"drafted","start":10577.75,"end":10578.43},{"text":"while","start":10578.43,"end":10578.71},{"text":"taking","start":10578.71,"end":10579.19},{"text":"into","start":10579.19,"end":10579.55},{"text":"account","start":10579.55,"end":10579.95},{"text":"national","start":10580.07,"end":10580.75},{"text":"agricultural","start":10580.75,"end":10581.67},{"text":"characteristics,","start":10581.75,"end":10582.79},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":10583.03,"end":10584.55},{"text":"and","start":10584.55,"end":10584.83},{"text":"the","start":10584.83,"end":10584.91},{"text":"needs","start":10584.95,"end":10585.43},{"text":"of","start":10585.43,"end":10585.67},{"text":"rural","start":10585.67,"end":10586.23},{"text":"communities.","start":10586.23,"end":10587.35}]},{"text":"These policies must also support research, innovation, and development of varieties that are locally convenient.","start":10587.67,"end":10598.63,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10587.67,"end":10587.99},{"text":"policies","start":10587.99,"end":10588.79},{"text":"must","start":10588.79,"end":10589.19},{"text":"also","start":10589.19,"end":10589.67},{"text":"support","start":10589.67,"end":10590.39},{"text":"research,","start":10590.39,"end":10591.11},{"text":"innovation,","start":10591.51,"end":10592.39},{"text":"and","start":10592.63,"end":10592.91},{"text":"development","start":10592.91,"end":10593.67},{"text":"of","start":10593.67,"end":10593.95},{"text":"varieties","start":10593.95,"end":10594.79},{"text":"that","start":10594.79,"end":10595.11},{"text":"are","start":10595.11,"end":10595.35},{"text":"locally","start":10595.35,"end":10596.15},{"text":"convenient.","start":10597.67,"end":10598.63}]},{"text":"In conclusion, we must adopt an approach that preserve the rights of plant breeders and peasants and the protection of the right.","start":10598.87,"end":10611.19,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. 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Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Venezuela","start":10698.51,"end":10699.15},{"text":"reaffirms","start":10699.39,"end":10700.11},{"text":"that","start":10700.11,"end":10700.59},{"text":"seeds","start":10700.59,"end":10701.07},{"text":"transcend","start":10701.07,"end":10701.67},{"text":"the","start":10701.67,"end":10701.83},{"text":"economic","start":10701.91,"end":10702.43},{"text":"dimension","start":10702.43,"end":10702.91},{"text":"and","start":10702.91,"end":10703.03},{"text":"are","start":10703.15,"end":10703.23},{"text":"part","start":10703.23,"end":10703.67},{"text":"of","start":10703.67,"end":10703.75},{"text":"the","start":10703.75,"end":10703.87},{"text":"living","start":10703.87,"end":10704.19},{"text":"heritage","start":10704.43,"end":10704.87},{"text":"of","start":10704.87,"end":10704.99},{"text":"our","start":10704.99,"end":10705.07},{"text":"peoples.","start":10705.07,"end":10705.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"VEN","affiliation_full":"Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":185,"start":10705.47,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10706","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":10705.47,"end":10708.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10705.47,"end":10705.79},{"text":"you.","start":10708.43,"end":10708.59}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10709.27,"end":10710.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10709.27,"end":10709.47},{"text":"you","start":10709.47,"end":10709.63},{"text":"very","start":10709.63,"end":10709.91},{"text":"much.","start":10709.91,"end":10710.11}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Egypt.","start":10710.11,"end":10713.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10710.11,"end":10710.15},{"text":"give","start":10710.15,"end":10710.31},{"text":"the","start":10710.31,"end":10710.51},{"text":"floor","start":10710.51,"end":10710.83},{"text":"to","start":10710.83,"end":10710.91},{"text":"the","start":10710.91,"end":10710.99},{"text":"distinguished","start":10710.99,"end":10711.55},{"text":"representative","start":10711.55,"end":10712.75},{"text":"of","start":10712.75,"end":10712.83},{"text":"Egypt.","start":10712.83,"end":10713.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":186,"start":10718.83,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10719","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Vice President.","start":10718.83,"end":10720.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10718.83,"end":10719.15},{"text":"you,","start":10719.15,"end":10719.31},{"text":"Mr.","start":10719.31,"end":10719.63},{"text":"Vice","start":10719.63,"end":10719.95},{"text":"President.","start":10719.95,"end":10720.75}]},{"text":"We thank the working group for the presentation and we appreciate the close link between the rights of peasants, seeds and food security.","start":10722.63,"end":10736.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10736.47,"end":10736.79},{"text":"refer","start":10736.79,"end":10737.31},{"text":"also","start":10737.31,"end":10737.91},{"text":"to","start":10737.91,"end":10738.11},{"text":"the","start":10738.11,"end":10738.23},{"text":"fact","start":10738.23,"end":10738.71},{"text":"that","start":10738.87,"end":10739.35},{"text":"we","start":10739.35,"end":10739.51},{"text":"must","start":10739.51,"end":10739.87},{"text":"deal","start":10739.87,"end":10740.15},{"text":"with","start":10740.15,"end":10740.47},{"text":"water","start":10742.07,"end":10742.55},{"text":"scarcity","start":10742.55,"end":10743.59},{"text":"and","start":10743.59,"end":10743.83},{"text":"climate","start":10743.83,"end":10744.47},{"text":"change.","start":10744.47,"end":10744.95}]},{"text":"Peasants must be included in decision making.","start":10745.03,"end":10748.31,"topics":[{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."}],"words":[{"text":"Peasants","start":10745.03,"end":10745.67},{"text":"must","start":10745.67,"end":10745.99},{"text":"be","start":10745.99,"end":10746.15},{"text":"included","start":10746.15,"end":10746.91},{"text":"in","start":10746.91,"end":10747.11},{"text":"decision","start":10747.11,"end":10747.75},{"text":"making.","start":10747.75,"end":10748.31}]},{"text":"We believe that the right of peasants Including the right to save use and exchange, uh, seeds, uh, must, uh, be also, uh, in parallel with, uh, encouraging more productive varieties while respecting the local legislations.","start":10748.63,"end":10768.83,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10748.63,"end":10748.87},{"text":"believe","start":10748.87,"end":10749.27},{"text":"that","start":10749.27,"end":10749.51},{"text":"the","start":10749.51,"end":10749.59},{"text":"right","start":10749.59,"end":10749.91},{"text":"of","start":10749.91,"end":10750.07},{"text":"peasants","start":10750.07,"end":10750.79},{"text":"Including","start":10751.23,"end":10752.11},{"text":"the","start":10752.11,"end":10752.31},{"text":"right","start":10752.31,"end":10752.79},{"text":"to","start":10752.79,"end":10752.91},{"text":"save","start":10752.91,"end":10753.39},{"text":"use","start":10753.39,"end":10753.71},{"text":"and","start":10753.71,"end":10754.03},{"text":"exchange,","start":10754.03,"end":10754.83},{"text":"uh,","start":10754.99,"end":10755.03},{"text":"seeds,","start":10755.03,"end":10755.63},{"text":"uh,","start":10755.63,"end":10755.79},{"text":"must,","start":10756.27,"end":10756.83},{"text":"uh,","start":10756.83,"end":10756.99},{"text":"be","start":10757.39,"end":10757.95},{"text":"also,","start":10758.03,"end":10759.15},{"text":"uh,","start":10760.11,"end":10760.15},{"text":"in","start":10760.15,"end":10760.43},{"text":"parallel","start":10760.43,"end":10761.23},{"text":"with,","start":10761.47,"end":10762.03},{"text":"uh,","start":10762.67,"end":10762.71},{"text":"encouraging","start":10762.71,"end":10763.79},{"text":"more","start":10763.79,"end":10764.03},{"text":"productive","start":10764.03,"end":10764.79},{"text":"varieties","start":10764.79,"end":10765.75},{"text":"while","start":10765.75,"end":10766.11},{"text":"respecting","start":10766.11,"end":10767.07},{"text":"the","start":10767.07,"end":10767.15},{"text":"local","start":10767.15,"end":10767.63},{"text":"legislations.","start":10767.63,"end":10768.83}]},{"text":"We support small farmers through a comprehensive system.","start":10769.63,"end":10775.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10769.63,"end":10770.19},{"text":"support","start":10770.27,"end":10771.15},{"text":"small","start":10771.47,"end":10771.87},{"text":"farmers","start":10771.87,"end":10772.59},{"text":"through","start":10772.59,"end":10773.07},{"text":"a","start":10773.47,"end":10773.51},{"text":"comprehensive","start":10773.51,"end":10774.51},{"text":"system.","start":10774.51,"end":10775.55}]},{"text":"These efforts also are accompanied with production consultation and more productive irrigation systems to provide the best support to small farmers.","start":10775.99,"end":10788.59,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10775.99,"end":10776.51},{"text":"efforts","start":10776.67,"end":10777.23},{"text":"also","start":10777.23,"end":10778.11},{"text":"are","start":10778.11,"end":10778.39},{"text":"accompanied","start":10778.39,"end":10779.31},{"text":"with","start":10779.31,"end":10779.79},{"text":"production","start":10780.43,"end":10781.15},{"text":"consultation","start":10781.15,"end":10782.35},{"text":"and","start":10782.35,"end":10782.51},{"text":"more","start":10782.51,"end":10782.83},{"text":"productive","start":10782.83,"end":10783.63},{"text":"irrigation","start":10783.63,"end":10784.51},{"text":"systems","start":10784.51,"end":10785.23},{"text":"to","start":10785.55,"end":10785.75},{"text":"provide","start":10785.75,"end":10786.27},{"text":"the","start":10786.27,"end":10786.39},{"text":"best","start":10786.39,"end":10786.71},{"text":"support","start":10786.71,"end":10787.27},{"text":"to","start":10787.27,"end":10787.35},{"text":"small","start":10787.39,"end":10787.79},{"text":"farmers.","start":10787.79,"end":10788.59}]},{"text":"In conclusion, we reaffirm the importance of international cooperation to enhance food security through technology and capacity building.","start":10788.91,"end":10799.31,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. 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commend group's sustained efforts to highlight the human rights dimensions of custodianship, traditional knowledge, and the protection of agrobiodiversity.","start":10823.51,"end":10832.31,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10823.51,"end":10823.75},{"text":"commend","start":10823.75,"end":10824.11},{"text":"group's","start":10824.11,"end":10824.51},{"text":"sustained","start":10824.51,"end":10825.07},{"text":"efforts","start":10825.07,"end":10825.51},{"text":"to","start":10825.51,"end":10825.67},{"text":"highlight","start":10825.67,"end":10826.31},{"text":"the","start":10826.55,"end":10826.67},{"text":"human","start":10826.71,"end":10826.95},{"text":"rights","start":10826.95,"end":10827.19},{"text":"dimensions","start":10827.19,"end":10827.75},{"text":"of","start":10827.75,"end":10827.91},{"text":"custodianship,","start":10827.91,"end":10828.79},{"text":"traditional","start":10828.79,"end":10829.43},{"text":"knowledge,","start":10829.43,"end":10829.79},{"text":"and","start":10829.79,"end":10829.95},{"text":"the","start":10829.95,"end":10830.03},{"text":"protection","start":10830.03,"end":10830.59},{"text":"of","start":10830.59,"end":10830.79},{"text":"agrobiodiversity.","start":10831.03,"end":10832.31}]},{"text":"The report's focus on the right to seeds on safeguarding farmers' custodianship and on resisting the enclosure of genetic resources is of particular relevance to Armenia.","start":10832.79,"end":10843.75,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10832.79,"end":10832.87},{"text":"report's","start":10832.87,"end":10833.31},{"text":"focus","start":10833.31,"end":10833.63},{"text":"on","start":10833.63,"end":10833.83},{"text":"the","start":10833.83,"end":10833.91},{"text":"right","start":10833.99,"end":10834.47},{"text":"to","start":10834.55,"end":10834.75},{"text":"seeds","start":10834.75,"end":10835.19},{"text":"on","start":10835.19,"end":10835.35},{"text":"safeguarding","start":10835.35,"end":10836.07},{"text":"farmers'","start":10836.31,"end":10836.87},{"text":"custodianship","start":10836.87,"end":10837.75},{"text":"and","start":10837.83,"end":10838.31},{"text":"on","start":10838.31,"end":10838.55},{"text":"resisting","start":10838.55,"end":10839.11},{"text":"the","start":10839.11,"end":10839.27},{"text":"enclosure","start":10839.27,"end":10839.87},{"text":"of","start":10839.87,"end":10840.07},{"text":"genetic","start":10840.23,"end":10840.71},{"text":"resources","start":10840.71,"end":10841.27},{"text":"is","start":10841.27,"end":10841.51},{"text":"of","start":10841.51,"end":10841.67},{"text":"particular","start":10841.67,"end":10842.31},{"text":"relevance","start":10842.79,"end":10843.15},{"text":"to","start":10843.15,"end":10843.23},{"text":"Armenia.","start":10843.23,"end":10843.75}]},{"text":"These issues lie at the intersection of human rights, rural livelihoods, and biodiversity conservation.","start":10844.07,"end":10850.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10844.07,"end":10844.31},{"text":"issues","start":10844.31,"end":10844.79},{"text":"lie","start":10844.79,"end":10845.19},{"text":"at","start":10845.43,"end":10845.55},{"text":"the","start":10845.55,"end":10845.63},{"text":"intersection","start":10845.63,"end":10846.31},{"text":"of","start":10846.31,"end":10846.39},{"text":"human","start":10846.39,"end":10846.63},{"text":"rights,","start":10846.63,"end":10847.03},{"text":"rural","start":10847.03,"end":10847.47},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":10847.47,"end":10848.03},{"text":"and","start":10848.03,"end":10848.19},{"text":"biodiversity","start":10848.19,"end":10849.11},{"text":"conservation.","start":10849.51,"end":10850.31}]},{"text":"As Armenia prepares to host the CBD COP17 in Yerevan next month, we wish to underline that the preservation of seeds and traditional varieties is essential for resilient ecosystems, food security, and the fair sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.","start":10850.63,"end":10866.55,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":10850.63,"end":10850.83},{"text":"Armenia","start":10850.83,"end":10851.15},{"text":"prepares","start":10851.15,"end":10851.59},{"text":"to","start":10851.59,"end":10851.71},{"text":"host","start":10851.71,"end":10852.03},{"text":"the","start":10852.03,"end":10852.11},{"text":"CBD","start":10852.11,"end":10852.63},{"text":"COP17","start":10852.63,"end":10853.51},{"text":"in","start":10853.51,"end":10853.59},{"text":"Yerevan","start":10853.59,"end":10854.11},{"text":"next","start":10854.11,"end":10854.35},{"text":"month,","start":10854.35,"end":10854.63},{"text":"we","start":10854.95,"end":10855.07},{"text":"wish","start":10855.11,"end":10855.27},{"text":"to","start":10855.27,"end":10855.43},{"text":"underline","start":10855.43,"end":10856.15},{"text":"that","start":10856.39,"end":10856.59},{"text":"the","start":10856.59,"end":10856.71},{"text":"preservation","start":10856.71,"end":10857.47},{"text":"of","start":10857.47,"end":10857.59},{"text":"seeds","start":10857.59,"end":10857.87},{"text":"and","start":10857.87,"end":10858.03},{"text":"traditional","start":10858.03,"end":10858.51},{"text":"varieties","start":10858.51,"end":10859.19},{"text":"is","start":10859.43,"end":10859.63},{"text":"essential","start":10859.63,"end":10860.23},{"text":"for","start":10860.23,"end":10860.51},{"text":"resilient","start":10860.51,"end":10860.99},{"text":"ecosystems,","start":10860.99,"end":10861.83},{"text":"food","start":10861.99,"end":10862.23},{"text":"security,","start":10862.23,"end":10862.95},{"text":"and","start":10862.95,"end":10863.11},{"text":"the","start":10863.11,"end":10863.19},{"text":"fair","start":10863.19,"end":10863.51},{"text":"sharing","start":10863.51,"end":10863.83},{"text":"of","start":10863.83,"end":10864.03},{"text":"benefits","start":10864.03,"end":10864.55},{"text":"arising","start":10864.71,"end":10865.19},{"text":"from","start":10865.19,"end":10865.35},{"text":"genetic","start":10865.35,"end":10865.83},{"text":"resources.","start":10865.83,"end":10866.55}]},{"text":"We therefore welcome the report's recommendations and reaffirm our commitment to advancing the rights of peasants, strengthening biodiversity protection, and supporting the working group in its important mandate.","start":10867.19,"end":10878.07,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10867.19,"end":10867.23},{"text":"therefore","start":10867.23,"end":10867.55},{"text":"welcome","start":10867.55,"end":10867.91},{"text":"the","start":10867.91,"end":10867.99},{"text":"report's","start":10867.99,"end":10868.55},{"text":"recommendations","start":10868.55,"end":10869.31},{"text":"and","start":10869.31,"end":10869.43},{"text":"reaffirm","start":10869.43,"end":10869.87},{"text":"our","start":10869.87,"end":10870.07},{"text":"commitment","start":10870.07,"end":10870.59},{"text":"to","start":10870.59,"end":10870.67},{"text":"advancing","start":10870.67,"end":10871.35},{"text":"the","start":10871.59,"end":10871.71},{"text":"rights","start":10871.71,"end":10872.03},{"text":"of","start":10872.03,"end":10872.11},{"text":"peasants,","start":10872.15,"end":10872.71},{"text":"strengthening","start":10873.03,"end":10873.67},{"text":"biodiversity","start":10873.75,"end":10874.59},{"text":"protection,","start":10874.59,"end":10875.19},{"text":"and","start":10875.19,"end":10875.31},{"text":"supporting","start":10875.31,"end":10875.75},{"text":"the","start":10875.75,"end":10875.87},{"text":"working","start":10875.87,"end":10876.23},{"text":"group","start":10876.23,"end":10876.55},{"text":"in","start":10876.63,"end":10876.83},{"text":"its","start":10876.83,"end":10876.99},{"text":"important","start":10876.99,"end":10877.51},{"text":"mandate.","start":10877.51,"end":10878.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ARM","affiliation_full":"Armenia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":189,"start":10878.15,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10879","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you.","start":10878.15,"end":10879.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10878.15,"end":10878.23},{"text":"thank","start":10878.23,"end":10878.55},{"text":"you.","start":10879.83,"end":10879.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10880.43,"end":10881.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10880.43,"end":10880.63},{"text":"you","start":10880.63,"end":10880.79},{"text":"very","start":10881.07,"end":10881.39},{"text":"much.","start":10881.39,"end":10881.67}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the final speaker on my list of states, the distinguished representative of Malawi.","start":10881.67,"end":10888.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10881.67,"end":10881.75},{"text":"give","start":10881.75,"end":10881.95},{"text":"the","start":10881.95,"end":10882.07},{"text":"floor","start":10882.07,"end":10882.43},{"text":"to","start":10882.43,"end":10882.59},{"text":"the","start":10882.59,"end":10882.79},{"text":"final","start":10882.79,"end":10883.35},{"text":"speaker","start":10883.91,"end":10884.39},{"text":"on","start":10884.39,"end":10884.47},{"text":"my","start":10884.47,"end":10884.55},{"text":"list","start":10884.55,"end":10884.99},{"text":"of","start":10884.99,"end":10885.07},{"text":"states,","start":10885.11,"end":10885.83},{"text":"the","start":10885.83,"end":10885.91},{"text":"distinguished","start":10885.91,"end":10886.71},{"text":"representative","start":10886.71,"end":10887.43},{"text":"of","start":10887.43,"end":10887.51},{"text":"Malawi.","start":10887.51,"end":10888.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Vice-President"}},{"statement_number":190,"start":10890.51,"pageUrl":"/ar/hrc/63/13?lang=en&t=10891","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Vice President, Malawi aligns itself with the statement of the African Group and thanks the working group for its report on the centrality of the right to seeds.","start":10890.51,"end":10900.79,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":10890.51,"end":10890.71},{"text":"Vice","start":10890.71,"end":10890.95},{"text":"President,","start":10890.95,"end":10891.75},{"text":"Malawi","start":10891.99,"end":10892.55},{"text":"aligns","start":10892.55,"end":10893.03},{"text":"itself","start":10893.03,"end":10893.59},{"text":"with","start":10893.59,"end":10893.79},{"text":"the","start":10893.79,"end":10893.87},{"text":"statement","start":10893.87,"end":10894.43},{"text":"of","start":10894.43,"end":10894.55},{"text":"the","start":10894.55,"end":10894.67},{"text":"African","start":10894.67,"end":10895.27},{"text":"Group","start":10895.27,"end":10895.63},{"text":"and","start":10895.63,"end":10895.87},{"text":"thanks","start":10895.87,"end":10896.15},{"text":"the","start":10896.15,"end":10896.31},{"text":"working","start":10896.31,"end":10896.71},{"text":"group","start":10896.71,"end":10896.95},{"text":"for","start":10896.95,"end":10897.19},{"text":"its","start":10897.19,"end":10897.51},{"text":"report","start":10897.51,"end":10898.07},{"text":"on","start":10898.07,"end":10898.31},{"text":"the","start":10898.31,"end":10898.43},{"text":"centrality","start":10898.43,"end":10899.43},{"text":"of","start":10899.43,"end":10899.59},{"text":"the","start":10899.59,"end":10899.75},{"text":"right","start":10899.75,"end":10900.11},{"text":"to","start":10900.11,"end":10900.19},{"text":"seeds.","start":10900.23,"end":10900.79}]},{"text":"Malawi recognizes that the right to freely develop, use, save, exchange and sell seeds and propagating material is closely linked to the right to life, food, land, natural resources, water, development, equality, health, work, culture and self-determination.","start":10901.27,"end":10921.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."}],"words":[{"text":"Malawi","start":10901.27,"end":10901.79},{"text":"recognizes","start":10901.79,"end":10902.71},{"text":"that","start":10902.71,"end":10902.83},{"text":"the","start":10902.83,"end":10903.03},{"text":"right","start":10903.03,"end":10903.31},{"text":"to","start":10903.31,"end":10903.43},{"text":"freely","start":10903.43,"end":10903.83},{"text":"develop,","start":10903.83,"end":10904.55},{"text":"use,","start":10904.55,"end":10904.91},{"text":"save,","start":10904.95,"end":10905.67},{"text":"exchange","start":10906.19,"end":10906.83},{"text":"and","start":10906.83,"end":10906.99},{"text":"sell","start":10906.99,"end":10907.31},{"text":"seeds","start":10907.31,"end":10907.83},{"text":"and","start":10907.87,"end":10908.03},{"text":"propagating","start":10908.03,"end":10908.75},{"text":"material","start":10908.75,"end":10909.55},{"text":"is","start":10909.95,"end":10910.11},{"text":"closely","start":10910.11,"end":10910.75},{"text":"linked","start":10910.75,"end":10911.31},{"text":"to","start":10911.31,"end":10911.39},{"text":"the","start":10911.39,"end":10911.51},{"text":"right","start":10911.51,"end":10911.83},{"text":"to","start":10911.83,"end":10911.95},{"text":"life,","start":10911.95,"end":10912.31},{"text":"food,","start":10912.35,"end":10913.07},{"text":"land,","start":10913.47,"end":10913.95},{"text":"natural","start":10913.95,"end":10914.47},{"text":"resources,","start":10914.47,"end":10915.23},{"text":"water,","start":10915.23,"end":10915.71},{"text":"development,","start":10915.71,"end":10916.67},{"text":"equality,","start":10917.15,"end":10917.87},{"text":"health,","start":10917.87,"end":10918.35},{"text":"work,","start":10918.51,"end":10919.11},{"text":"culture","start":10919.11,"end":10919.63},{"text":"and","start":10919.63,"end":10919.79},{"text":"self-determination.","start":10919.79,"end":10921.23}]},{"text":"Malawi is a signatory to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, aimed at guaranteeing food security through conservation, sustainable utilization, fair benefits, sharing crops and seeds.","start":10921.63,"end":10937.39,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-seeds","label":"Right to Seeds","description":"In the second debate, many delegations addressed peasants' rights to save, use, exchange, sell, and develop seeds. The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Malawi","start":10921.63,"end":10922.27},{"text":"is","start":10922.27,"end":10922.47},{"text":"a","start":10922.47,"end":10922.51},{"text":"signatory","start":10922.51,"end":10923.31},{"text":"to","start":10923.31,"end":10923.47},{"text":"the","start":10923.47,"end":10923.59},{"text":"International","start":10923.59,"end":10924.27},{"text":"Treaty","start":10924.27,"end":10924.83},{"text":"on","start":10924.83,"end":10925.07},{"text":"Plant","start":10925.07,"end":10925.55},{"text":"Genetic","start":10925.55,"end":10926.03},{"text":"Resources","start":10926.03,"end":10926.75},{"text":"for","start":10926.75,"end":10926.91},{"text":"Food","start":10926.91,"end":10927.23},{"text":"and","start":10927.23,"end":10927.43},{"text":"Agriculture,","start":10927.43,"end":10928.27},{"text":"aimed","start":10928.83,"end":10929.15},{"text":"at","start":10929.15,"end":10929.31},{"text":"guaranteeing","start":10929.31,"end":10930.11},{"text":"food","start":10930.11,"end":10930.35},{"text":"security","start":10930.35,"end":10931.15},{"text":"through","start":10931.15,"end":10931.39},{"text":"conservation,","start":10931.39,"end":10932.35},{"text":"sustainable","start":10932.67,"end":10933.39},{"text":"utilization,","start":10933.39,"end":10934.51},{"text":"fair","start":10934.51,"end":10934.79},{"text":"benefits,","start":10934.79,"end":10935.55},{"text":"sharing","start":10935.55,"end":10936.07},{"text":"crops","start":10936.19,"end":10936.67},{"text":"and","start":10936.67,"end":10936.83},{"text":"seeds.","start":10936.83,"end":10937.39}]},{"text":"At the national level, Malawi has undertaken a number of measures to strengthen its seed regulatory framework.","start":10937.71,"end":10944.59,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":10937.71,"end":10937.95},{"text":"the","start":10937.95,"end":10938.03},{"text":"national","start":10938.03,"end":10938.63},{"text":"level,","start":10938.63,"end":10938.99},{"text":"Malawi","start":10938.99,"end":10939.47},{"text":"has","start":10939.47,"end":10939.71},{"text":"undertaken","start":10939.71,"end":10940.51},{"text":"a","start":10940.51,"end":10940.55},{"text":"number","start":10940.55,"end":10940.79},{"text":"of","start":10940.79,"end":10940.91},{"text":"measures","start":10940.91,"end":10941.55},{"text":"to","start":10941.87,"end":10941.99},{"text":"strengthen","start":10941.99,"end":10942.59},{"text":"its","start":10942.59,"end":10942.95},{"text":"seed","start":10942.95,"end":10943.23},{"text":"regulatory","start":10943.23,"end":10943.95},{"text":"framework.","start":10943.95,"end":10944.59}]},{"text":"These measures include the Seed Act, 2022, the National Agriculture Policy 2024-2029, the Seed Policy 2018 is currently under review.","start":10944.83,"end":10956.87,"topics":[{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10944.83,"end":10945.15},{"text":"measures","start":10945.15,"end":10945.63},{"text":"include","start":10945.63,"end":10946.11},{"text":"the","start":10946.11,"end":10946.23},{"text":"Seed","start":10946.23,"end":10946.67},{"text":"Act,","start":10946.67,"end":10947.15},{"text":"2022,","start":10947.87,"end":10948.79},{"text":"the","start":10948.79,"end":10948.91},{"text":"National","start":10948.91,"end":10949.39},{"text":"Agriculture","start":10949.39,"end":10949.99},{"text":"Policy","start":10949.99,"end":10950.63},{"text":"2024-2029,","start":10950.63,"end":10952.71},{"text":"the","start":10952.95,"end":10953.11},{"text":"Seed","start":10953.11,"end":10953.43},{"text":"Policy","start":10953.43,"end":10953.99},{"text":"2018","start":10953.99,"end":10955.03},{"text":"is","start":10955.03,"end":10955.27},{"text":"currently","start":10955.27,"end":10955.91},{"text":"under","start":10955.91,"end":10956.27},{"text":"review.","start":10956.27,"end":10956.87}]},{"text":"Further, Malawi is in the process of finalizing the National Strategy on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.","start":10957.27,"end":10965.43,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."}],"words":[{"text":"Further,","start":10957.27,"end":10957.75},{"text":"Malawi","start":10957.75,"end":10958.23},{"text":"is","start":10958.23,"end":10958.39},{"text":"in","start":10958.39,"end":10958.51},{"text":"the","start":10958.51,"end":10958.63},{"text":"process","start":10958.63,"end":10959.27},{"text":"of","start":10959.27,"end":10959.35},{"text":"finalizing","start":10959.35,"end":10960.23},{"text":"the","start":10960.23,"end":10960.35},{"text":"National","start":10960.35,"end":10960.87},{"text":"Strategy","start":10960.87,"end":10961.51},{"text":"on","start":10961.51,"end":10961.75},{"text":"Plant","start":10961.75,"end":10962.19},{"text":"Genetic","start":10962.19,"end":10962.71},{"text":"Resources","start":10962.71,"end":10963.51},{"text":"for","start":10963.75,"end":10964.03},{"text":"Food","start":10964.03,"end":10964.39},{"text":"and","start":10964.39,"end":10964.59},{"text":"Agriculture.","start":10964.59,"end":10965.43}]},{"text":"This strategy aims to guide the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources, critical to food security and agricultural development in Malawi.","start":10965.83,"end":10976.71,"topics":[{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. 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you very much to the interpreters for the additional minutes granted.","start":11038.67,"end":11043.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11038.67,"end":11038.95},{"text":"you","start":11038.95,"end":11039.03},{"text":"very","start":11039.03,"end":11039.27},{"text":"much","start":11039.27,"end":11039.83},{"text":"to","start":11039.83,"end":11039.99},{"text":"the","start":11039.99,"end":11040.11},{"text":"interpreters","start":11040.11,"end":11041.11},{"text":"for","start":11041.11,"end":11041.35},{"text":"the","start":11041.35,"end":11041.47},{"text":"additional","start":11041.47,"end":11041.91},{"text":"minutes","start":11041.91,"end":11042.39},{"text":"granted.","start":11042.39,"end":11043.07}]},{"text":"And with that, I hereby close the 13th meeting of the 63rd session of the Human Rights 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The right to seeds was framed as integral to food security, rural livelihoods, dignity, and the implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants."},{"key":"memory-education","label":"Memorialization and Education","description":"States and organizations repeatedly highlighted memorials, archives, public history, and education as tools to preserve collective memory and prevent recurrence. Evidence-based teaching, critical thinking, and transmission of historical knowledge to younger generations were presented as key safeguards against denialism."},{"key":"truth-accountability","label":"Truth, Accountability, and Evidence Preservation","description":"A major theme was the need to document violations, preserve archives and evidence, support investigations, and uphold the findings of courts and truth commissions. Delegations linked the right to truth directly to prosecutions, remedies, and durable peace."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Historical Revisionism","description":"Many speakers focused on the denial, negation, or manipulation of serious human rights and humanitarian law violations. They stressed that such narratives undermine victims' rights, distort established facts, and can fuel renewed violence and impunity."},{"key":"digital-disinformation","label":"Digital Disinformation and Artificial Intelligence","description":"Numerous statements warned that social media, digital platforms, and AI are accelerating denialist narratives, fabricated content, and propaganda. Speakers called for stronger transparency, digital literacy, and responsible action by technology companies and public authorities."},{"key":"seed-innovation-balance","label":"Seed Governance, Innovation, and Intellectual Property","description":"Many statements discussed how to balance plant breeding, certification, and intellectual property rules with farmers' rights and autonomy. Delegations called for governance models that support innovation without criminalizing or displacing farmer-managed seed systems."},{"key":"victim-centered-justice","label":"Victim-Centered and Inclusive Transitional Justice","description":"Speakers repeatedly argued that transitional justice must center victims and include women, marginalized groups, survivors, and affected communities. Inclusive participation was presented as essential to truth-telling, reparations, reconciliation, and guarantees of non-recurrence."},{"key":"traditional-seed-systems","label":"Traditional Seed Systems and Biodiversity","description":"A common topic was the protection of local and traditional seed systems maintained by farming communities over generations. Speakers linked these systems to agrobiodiversity, traditional knowledge, food sovereignty, and the resilience of rural communities."},{"key":"climate-resilient-farming","label":"Climate Resilience and Rural Resource Security","description":"Climate change, environmental degradation, and insecurity were repeatedly cited as threats to seeds, land, water, and agricultural livelihoods. Speakers emphasized climate-resilient seed varieties, conservation, and stronger support for smallholders facing ecological and conflict-related pressures."},{"key":"expression-and-memory-laws","label":"Freedom of Expression and Memory Laws","description":"A recurring issue was how to counter denialism without abusing memory laws, security laws, or censorship. Many delegations emphasized that any restrictions must comply with legality, necessity, proportionality, and non-discrimination while protecting civic space and legitimate historical debate."}]}}