Outer Space: Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 68th session, 839th meeting

Distinguished delegates, good afternoon. May I have your attention, please?

Good afternoon.

Distinguished delegates, I now declare open the 839th meeting of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Distinguished delegates, this afternoon We will continue our consideration of agenda item four, general exchange of views. We will continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item eleven, space and climate change. We will begin and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item twelve, use of space technology in the United Nations system. We will begin and hopefully suspend our consideration of agenda item thirteen. Future role and methods of work of the committee, pending the outcome of consultations on matters concerning Unispace 4 and ATLAS. Time permitting, we will begin our consideration of agenda item 14, Space Exploration and Innovation. In line with the agreement reached during the most recent session of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, And as agreed during the informal consultations on the 23rd of June, 2025, we will then adjourn the plenary meeting so that the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultations can hold its meeting with interpretation. Are there any questions or comments on this proposed schedule? I see none. General exchange of views. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue our consideration of agenda item 4, general exchange of views. I see there is no speaker on the list for now, for this afternoon. However, we have received a request for a right of reply.

Thank you.

For Israel, Israel has the floor.

We're exercising our right of reply under item 4. The representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran has once again this morning attempted to derail these discussions by his continued abuse of this forum and mockery of international law through outrageous use of pseudo-legal arguments. We have heard earlier today a long manifesto from the representative of a state that has in the past 2 weeks launched ballistic missiles armed with cluster warheads with the explicit intent to hit civilian population centers, resulting in 28 civilians killed and thousands injured. This is a regime which has for years been supplying ballistic missiles and technology to supply them to terrorist groups around the Middle East. Violating UN Security Council resolutions on proliferation of ballistic missile technology. The regime has been pursuing its ballistic missile program in tandem with its pursuit of a nuclear weapons program and of course its continued public official threats to destroy Israel. In fact, the Iranian delegate used this forum this morning to threaten the neutralization of Israel which he described as a threat. This must be renounced vocally and unequivocally. Operation Rising Lion, carried out in the last 2 weeks, has severely harmed the Iranian regime's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons program in the last window of opportunity before these programs materialize into an existential threat to Israel. This was the last chance, and it followed many failed attempts of diplomacy, including a very significant one made recently by the US. Israel's military operation targeted legitimate military objectives used by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, IRGC, including the infrastructure operated by its Aerospace Force, in strict adherence to international law. These objectives are directly linked to Iran's ballistic missile capabilities, which pose a grave and ongoing threat to Israel. In fact, we witnessed Iran's direct use of these missiles against the Israeli civilian population causing devastating loss of life and destruction. As we've stated before, the building used by the Broadcasting Authority, which the Iranian delegate repeatedly mentions, was targeted in strict adherence to international law. The Communications Center building, its infrastructure and assets used by IRIB, was used by the Iranian Armed Forces, including the Khatam al-Anbiya Emergency Command, for military activities. The strike directly harmed the military capabilities of the Iranian armed forces. This targeted operation had no connection to the scope of the peaceful use of outer space. This is a shameful attempt by the Iranian regime to abuse the international legal framework for the peaceful exploration of space and this forum. Thank you, Chair.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Israel for their statement. Distinguished delegates, we will now continue with agenda item 4 on Monday morning. Distinguished delegates, I would now like us to go on to agenda item 11. Space and climate change. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Venezuela. You have the floor, madam.

Thank you, Chair, and good afternoon, everyone. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, like many other countries, has been victim of the devastation of climate change. In 2024, the Humboldt Glacier disappeared because of the increase in environmental temperature. We have also experienced a gradual increase of the quantity and frequency of extreme climate events such as floods and landslides, which have led to huge human and material losses in the Andean region and the south of the country. In this regard, this delegation reaffirms that the proper use of data from remote sensing are essential to more efficiently mitigate the impact of climate change in Venezuela. Data from the national platform monitor climate variability, and we also have the support of international cooperation created for that end. In this regard, our delegation would like to highlight the importance of strengthening international cooperation. With bodies that are specialized in this field, such as the International Charter for Space and Major Disasters Charter, highlighting that these bodies have a positive impact on risk management on developing countries such as Venezuela, which has been a member since 2016 and which has benefited from the charter with 6 national natural disasters, including floods, landslides, and it activated the Charter for the— because of the heavy floods in the states of Mérida, Trujillo, Barinas, and Portuguesa. Chair, in light of the potential that space applications have for climate change and considering that developing countries will benefit from receiving data and exchanging experiences, our delegation supports the scenarios and initiatives that pursue this kind of cooperation. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Venezuela, and now I give the floor to Ghana.

Chair, Excellencies, and distinguished delegates. Ghana welcomes the continued prioritization of the agenda item on space and climate change. We view this discussion as essential in light of the disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable populations and growing reliance on space-based technologies to address these challenges. As a coastal nation facing recurrent flooding and sea level rise, Ghana understands firsthand the urgency of strengthening national disaster preparedness. In this regard, we highlight the digital twin project being developed in Accra under the Common Space Initiative, supported by UNOSA, the Commonwealth Secretariat, Space Data Incorporated, Maxar Technologies, and leading academic institutions. This project integrates artificial intelligence and Earth observation data to model flood risk in urban areas, which is a direct contribution to Ghana's climate change adaptation strategies. It reduces disaster assessment time from several man-hours to near real-time processing. This innovation enables faster, more targeted response and mitigation planning. As a climate adaptation tool, This innovation demonstrates how space technologies can drive climate resilience and contribute directly to the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 11 and SDG 13. Chair, Ghana views this initiative as aligned with the global goal on adaptation under the Paris Agreement and calls for more inclusive access to such technologies to support national adaptation plans in the Global South. We take this opportunity to thank UNOSA and all contributing partners for their commitment to practical, results-oriented solutions. We call on member states and donors to support the scale-up of such initiatives in Africa and across the Global South. It is imperative that developing countries gain access to timely, satellite data, analytical tools, and technical assistance to harness space for climate adaptation, food security, and environmental monitoring. Chair, Ghana also welcomes the synergies being explored between the Space 2030 Agenda, the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework. These instruments should work in concert to accelerate action and channel resources towards space-based solutions for climate adaptation and resilience. In conclusion, Ghana reiterates its support for strengthening global, global cooperation on space climate— on space and climate. We look forward to further engaging with partners through UNOSA-led platforms and the Unispace 4 process.

I thank you for the opportunity.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Ghana for her statement. Now we will go on to observers, and I give the floor to APSCO to take the floor.

Merci beaucoup.

Thank you.

Delegates, good afternoon. On behalf of Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization, I'm honored to address the committee under the agenda on space and climate change. Apsco is an international intergovernmental organization fostering space cooperation among its member states. It's committed to leveraging space-based technologies to address global challenges, particularly climate change.

Mr.

Chair, Apsco's activities and projects have been significantly contributing to addressing climate change. Apsco has initiated various activities to support the monitoring and mitigation for climate change. Apsco's data sharing service platform and cooperative satellite projects provide critical data for monitoring climate-related phenomena. Our collaborative projects such as Apsco Earthquake Monitoring System integrate space-based data to enhance disaster preparedness and response, directly contributing to climate adaptation strategies. Through training program, workshop, and technical exchange, APSCO has equipped scientists, engineers, and policymakers with the skills to analyze satellite data for applications. Over 430 experts and participants have attended more than 10 APSCO organized training courses on climate change in the past years. The following joint research projects have been initiated to contribute these efforts, including evaluation of different remote sensing techniques for drought study, air pollution assessment using satellite data, case study for Greater Bangkok, spatial characterization of forest cover for the evaluation of Amazonian ecosystem, Route assessment and forecasting for smallholder farmers' adaptation to climate change in the northern, northeastern Thailand. Understanding the spatial-temporal distribution of aerosol components in the Asia-Pacific region using satellite remote sensing technology. Determining the effect and driving factors of climate change on the agricultural region in Mongolia using remote sensing projects. Apsco's activities and projects are designed to harness space technologies to support sustainable development and enhance climate resilience. Mr. Chair, Apsco will continue our cooperation with all stakeholders to harness the potential of space for climate actions. We look forward to contributing to the committee's deliberation and to supporting the global effort to address climate change. Thank you very much.

Thank you very much. I thank the representative of APSCO for that statement. Distinguished delegates, we have concluded our consideration of Agenda Item 11, Space and Climate Change. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to begin and hopefully conclude our consideration of Agenda Item 12, Use of Space Technology in the United system. Given the coordination mechanism for space activities among UN bodies, I would like to give the floor to the Director of the Office for Outer Space Affairs, Ms. Arti Holomaini, to address the committee and provide a statement, and then I will give the floor to delegations. So you have the floor, Madam.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair, distinguished delegates. I'm very pleased to deliver an update on recent developments related to UN Space, the interagency mechanism that brings together entities across the United Nations system to align and strengthen space-related activities. UN Space continues to play a vital role in promoting the use of space technologies in support of the Sustainable Development Goals and in ensuring coherence and efficiency by avoiding duplication of efforts. At its 43rd session held in the United Nations Headquarters in New York in October 2024, UN Space focused on enhancing coordination particularly in areas where demand is growing, such as access to space-derived data. Improving access to high-resolution satellite imagery, both for UN entities and for developing countries, has emerged as a key priority. In this context, and in response to General Assembly Resolution 78/72, a proposal has been tabled as outlined in Document A/AC 105/1341 to explore the feasibility of establishing a United Nations interagency imagery procurement secretariat. This initiative, referred to as the Imagery Procurement for Earth Observation, IPEO, proposal aims to streamline data sharing, reduce procurement redundancies, drive cost savings across the system, and ultimately promote more equitable and affordable access to critical satellite information for member states. Accordingly, I would like to draw attention to the Secretary-General's latest report on ensuring access to space data for the United Nations and developing nations. The report outlines a conceptual model for a centralized procurement mechanism, reinforcing the urgent need for a system-wide approach. It highlights how such a model could enhance operational efficiency, lower costs, and improve access to essential data, especially for crisis response, peacekeeping, and development work in the field. Distinguished delegates, the 2024 session of UN Space also showcased growing interagency momentum around training on the use of satellite data. In this context, I would like to thank NASA for supporting a full day of training for UN staff, particularly in collaboration with the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites, known as CEOS. The session was well received and represents a meaningful step towards building internal capacity across the system. We intend to build on this success in future meetings. I'm also pleased to share that a new publication has been released by UN Space in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organization. This has just been released under the title Leveraging Space Technology for Agricultural Development and Food Security. This publication underscores the tangible benefits of satellite applications in areas such as crop monitoring, food system resilience and early warning, particularly in regions most affected by climate change and food security. This initiative has also provided an important bridge to connect with the recently established Vienna-based Group of Friends of Food Security, supporting greater understanding of the relevance of space data for such critical topics and underscoring once more the value of UN space as an interagency coordination mechanism. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, these efforts reflect our shared commitment to ensuring that the benefits of space technologies are truly accessible to all, especially those most in need. UN Space remains a vital platform for interagency collaboration, and we will continue to work to expand data access, foster innovation, and promote the responsible and inclusive use of space across the United Nations system. In addition, we will elevate the UN space dialogue across UN offices and organizations to a higher level to ensure that the relevance of space data and solutions is fully appreciated and harnessed to accelerate achievement of the 2030 Agenda. We look forward to building on this momentum at the next UN Space Session, and we welcome the continued engagement and guidance of member states as we advance this important work. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you to the Director for her statement. And now I will give the floor to the Republic of Korea to take the floor.

Thank you, Chair. The Republic of Korea would like to highlight one of the key issues discussed during the 2023 World Radio Communication Conference, WRC-23, which addressed the potential sharing of frequency bands currently used by radar Earth observation satellites with international mobile telecommunications systems such as terrestrial 5G networks. A similar issue is expected to be raised at the 2027 WRC, where discussions will focus on whether key frequency bands used by space systems can be shared with mobile communication systems. While the issue discussed in 2023 was primarily confined to a relatively narrow scope, mainly involving synthetic aperture radar, SAR, systems, the new agenda items for WRC-27 may have far broader implications. This is because the frequency band under discussion are used for primary links by almost all Earth observation satellites, as well as for transmitting weather data from meteorological satellites to users worldwide. If terrestrial mobile communication systems were to be introduced into these frequency bands, interference could occur, which would possibly affect the operation of Earth observation satellites and may impact our capacity to monitor and study the Earth from space. In this context, a comprehensive review and consultation on the frequency sharing would be beneficial for coordinated approaches moving forward. The Republic of Korea, currently serving as vice chair of the WRC-27 preparatory group, is actively engaged in the work of ITU, and we recognize the importance of analyzing the potential impacts of the WRC 27 agenda on space activities. Moreover, we believe that consultations within the UN system are necessary to ensure informed and balanced discussions at the WRC 27. The Republic of Korea remains committed to contributing constructively to the global dialogue and to ensuring that space technology continues to serve the sustainable development of all humankind. Thank you.

Je remercie le distingué. I thank the distinguished delegate of the Republic of Korea for that statement. And now I give the floor to the distinguished delegate of France. You have the floor.

President, je vous remercie.

Mesdames et messieurs.

Thank you very much, Chairman. Ladies and gentlemen, France actively draws on its space policy to fulfill the goals of the Paris Agreement and the Sendai Disaster Risk Reduction Framework. Framework, in particular through UN-SPIDER, to facilitate the use of space technologies for disaster management and emergency interventions. Since its inception in 1999, the International Space and Major Disasters Charter allows for a national risk management body or its dedicated agency in the country to activate the Charter. This was proposed jointly by CNES, the European Space Agency, and the Canadian Space Agency. The Charter has 17 space agency members and 99 private agencies. It has been activated 982 times since its creation to support civilian protection authorities and the humanitarian community regarding emergency situations due to major disasters. More than 30% of maps used under the Charter are generated by French satellite imagery from Pleiades. Autumn 2025, CNES will be chairing the Charter and will ensure international community mobilization for universal access to the Charter to benefit a greater number of states. Thanks to a constellation of more than 270 satellites, the Charter can respond to requests to crisis management units by providing free satellite data so as to swiftly assist search and rescue teams. We would like to underscore the central role of UNOOSA. With UNOOSA, that contributes to promoting universal access to Charter data. The CNES has also developed the Recovery Observatory concept as a core concept in decision-making post-disaster. During events that could require significant reconstruction efforts, it coordinates the acquisition of imagery and synthesizes information to provide a big picture from emergency response to recovery. The approach was tested several times in operational conditions since 2020 in the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites. Chair, we thank the CEOS partners, those from the World Bank, and UNDP, the EU, UNOOSA, obviously, and national authorities for their commitment to the approach put forth by the Recovery Observatory. France would like to mainstream this measure and stands ready to share its experience with whomever is interested.

I thank the distinguished delegate of France for his statement. And now I give the floor to Ecuador.

Ecuador acknowledges and appreciates the essential role of the International Space Charter and major disasters as a tool for international cooperation, providing timely access to satellite images for emergency or the management of emergencies and disasters. We activated this twice last year, one for flights— for floods along the coast and another for an oil spill in the Pacific Ocean. That meant we were able to get essential satellite data for rapid response to damage and inter-institutional coordination in the affected territories. That kind of This event shows how important it is to have clear, agile, and coordinated responses at national level for dealing with these disasters. We don't just need a request from the affected country. We need a whole national network that uses the satellite imagery provided in a timely fashion so it can make the right decisions. Talking about the use of space technology in the United Nations at this session, strengthen and improve the UN initiatives in sustainable development, disaster management, and global security. Chair, Ecuador reaffirms its commitment to strengthening international mechanisms for space cooperation in disaster management and calls for a pooling of good practices at regional and international level so that member states can work together. We reiterate our thanks to technical partners and space agencies who participate actively in this global effort and the commitment to move towards an evidence-based national system. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Ecuador for that statement, and now I give Chile, the floor.

Chair, Chile participates— has been participating in UN SPIDER since 2019 and has made an active contribution to emergency operations in South America through satellite images for forest fires, landslides, and volcano eruptions. With the recent establishment of GeoHub SN-SAT, an open access platform that enables us to distribute data within 60 minutes. We have significantly strengthened our response capacity to disasters. Chile therefore reaffirms that operational transparency and data interoperability are essential for the multilateral system, especially for regional or global emergencies. We believe that developing countries who have emerging space capacity have the responsibility and opportunity to make them available to the international community under ethical frameworks and shared standards. In this spirit, Chile reiterates its willingness to collaborate with UNOSA and member states in initiatives that facilitate the use of satellite data in humanitarian and risk management contexts. Our national satellite system and our future National Space Center are a solid basis for training and technical solutions at regional level. We can include pedagogical instruments like a multilingual catalog of tutorials for the use of optical and radar images for technical operators and rapid response agencies. Chile is available to contribute to this initiative. Hosting the contents on the infrastructure of the center and promoting free access. We also are interested in implementing a pilot interoperability program with UN agencies such as OCHA and UNODP to integrate Ehsaas data through humanitarian licenses that would have been previously granted. This action strengthens response to scenarios of high vulnerability. And finally, Chile is willing to cooperate in strengthening interagency coordination, providing technical input to identify gaps in coverage, frequency, and resolution of satellite images, and to contribute to a global humanitarian architecture that is more integrated and evidence-based. Chile reaffirms that strong governance cannot just be based on commercial data or one-off agreements. That is why we truly support the establishment of a regional office for UN-SPIDER in Latin America to articulate capacity and reduce asymmetry. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Chile for that statement and now give the floor to the distinguished delegate of India.

Mr. Chair and distinguished delegates, India acknowledges and continues to support the efforts under the United Nations Programme on Space Applications. India is submitting reports to United Nations Convention on Combating Desertification to prioritize areas needing immediate action to combat land degradation and achieve land degradation neutrality status by 2030. India is also contributing to United Nations Framework on Climate Change Convention Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol at national level using Earth observation and geospatial technology. As part of India's commitment to support international disaster management, Indian satellite data is provided under the International Charter and Sentinel Asia. ISRO takes up the lead role of International Charter Space and Major Disaster for 6 months from April 2025 to coordinate the global disaster response efforts of the Charter using space-based assets. India is also contributing to promote operational utilization of space technology towards achieving the SDGs through regional plan of action of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.

Mr.

Chair, India actively supports capacity building in space technology applications through hosting United Nations affiliated Center for Space. Space Science and Technology Education in, in Asia and the Pacific, located in India. The center in 29 years has benefited more than 4,187 officials from 64 countries. Apart from the regular courses, it partnered with JISTA to organize off-campus courses in Thailand in 2024 April involving 83 participants. Further, Under the Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Program of the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing also conducts regular certificate courses for professionals from developing countries. So far, 1,109 participants from 115 countries have benefited from the program. India is also contributing actively to various training programs under the UN SPIDER. Mr. Chair, India is pleased to inform about the initiative to provide satellite data and geospatial services to the Pacific Island countries in the form of portal with the satellite data and derived thematic layers. With the ongoing program on space application for societal benefit, India will be happy to assist in capacity building and necessary technical support. Thank you, Mr. Chair, and distinguished delegates, for your kind attention. Thank you, Mr.

I thank the distinguished delegate of India for that statement. And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation.

Thank you very much, Chairman. The Russian Federation has been a longstanding party to the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters. Ensuring the timely transfer of data received from satellites, including information and products which can be used in emergency situations, under the mechanism for global cooperation between space agencies and operators of space systems. Said spacecraft of ERS, including Resource-P, Canopus-B, Condor-FK, AKA Meteor-M, Elektro-L, and Arktika-M, can be provided so as to carry out international mechanisms in the case of emergency situations such as floods or fires in Russia or abroad. Chair, we are pleased to share that the Roscosmos Regional Center on Space Science and Technology continues to work dynamically to broaden its functional capacity when it comes to education and training of staff, as well as working on partnerships with a significant number of states, not just in the Eurasian region, also in Africa, South America, and Europe. The number of foreign students receiving training in space-related topics or in continuing education in the centers ever-growing. The center has a developed network in many regions of Russia, functioning, tapping the capacity of the so-called Roscosmos constellation, bringing together 26 higher education institutions in the country. We continue to hope for a positive outcome for the matter of providing the Russian Federation's regional center with the status of UN-affiliated We are sure that any sort of additional agreement or political benediction for this is not required. We call upon all space actors to continue in constructive cooperation for the use of space technologies in the UN to serve all states, irrespective of their level of economic or scientific development.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the Russian Federation for that statement. Distinguished delegates, we have thus concluded consideration of item 12, Use of Space Technology in the United Nations System. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to to begin and hopefully suspend our consideration of Agenda Item 13, Future Role and Method of Work of the Committee Pending Outcome of Consultations on Matters Concerning Unispace 4 and ATLAS. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished delegate of Kenya on behalf of the G77 and China.

You have the floor.

Thank you, Madam Chair. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

For the G77 and China, it is important to reach consensus on the reports of the committee and its subcommittees in order to make progress on issues related to the peaceful uses of outer space conducive to our collective advantage, thus avoiding politicization and prolongation of discussions that exceed the mandate of COPAS. The group takes note of the adjustments to the organization of work of the 68th session of the committee and reiterates that these measures are applied exceptionally and will not create precedence in the work of the committee. The group underscores the need for the established group statements to be granted more time as the standard practice in the UN.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

Je remercie la distinguée déléguée.

Thank you. Thank you to the distinguished delegate of Kenya on behalf of the G77 and China. I would now like to invite the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation to take the floor.

Thank you very much, Chairman. The Russian Federation has always called for strengthening the central role of COPUOS as a specialized body to solve all matters having to do with the carrying out of space activities. We know that UN COPUOS is inviolable, as is its subcommittees. The importance of work thereon is growing due to growing space cooperation for long-term sustainability of outer space activities, the exploration of space resources, and monitoring the near-Earth space, as well as monitoring the situation and mitigating space debris as well as the placement in low Earth orbit of the so-called megaconstellations. We believe that the liquidity crisis in the system of UN specialized agencies should not become a justification for reducing COPUOS's effectiveness and moving important items of its agenda to parallel fora. We are not, though, against the updating of the rules of procedure and the committee's method of— methods of work, given longstanding practice for decision-taking on the basis of consensus. We, though, are seriously wondering about the UN-80 financial issues and solving them using ex ante sources, including private sources. The Russian Federation would like to see agreement on realistic proposals for improving the situation and organizational modalities for holding Unispace 4 at a high level. It's planned in Vienna in 2026. We think it of utmost importance to recall that the final decision will be taken by the committee, not in this summit of the future, as some are trying to tell us. We think that one of the results of the forum could be additional impulses to the committee when it comes to space benefits, so as to ensure equitable and non-discriminatory access for all states to exploration of outer space for development. We are worried about the midterm review of 2030 implementation and don't think that this type of review might be in the interests of developing countries and think that additional efforts would be needed here. Thus, we would call upon UN— COPOS member states to take active part in our draft—

Thank you.

in the discussion on our draft resolution on space science and technology for peace, the use of space technologies for peace so as to attain the UN SDGs. We would like to quickly agree on ATLAS program of work and are sure that the outcome of this 3-year work will be based on consensus and create a UN mechanism regarding the Moon. There can be no politicization of The Committee's work, it will lessen respect and trust between its members and will mean that it's harder to carry out its unique mandate regarding challenges in the near-Earth space and far beyond. The Russian Federation stands ready to continue developing COPUOS, in particular its role in the peaceful uses of outer space through rules, standards, and keeping the near-Earth space usable for for future generations. We think regarding— in the matter of legal instruments, what we think are particularly important are the LTS guidelines. These are to update current rules and tasks when it comes to pending matters in space operations. In conclusion, allow me to point out the procedure for the conduct of rules. Here we said the session could be limited in time, not creating a President, given though that the time given for discussion is very limited, we think that what would be better is— we're not sure that this is the best way to go.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the Russian Federation for that statement and now would like to give the floor to the distinguished delegate of the United

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

And with your indulgence, may we request to keep the agenda item open until Monday and deliver our statement at that time?

Thank you.

Je remercie.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the United States for that statement. And I would now like to give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Canada.

Thank you, Chair. In recent years, we have seen an exponential growth in the initiatives being undertaken within meaning the consideration of how this committee carries out its work is more important than ever. The multilateral architecture is under significant pressure to deliver practical solutions despite facing fiscal constraints. Canada fully supports COPUSS's instrumental role in developing global governance for outer space activities. We must ensure that the committee retains this role well into the future. COPUSS needs to adopt innovative approaches for addressing the potential opportunities and challenges posed by the growth of the private space sector and the evolution of novel space missions. To do so, member states must direct COPUAS to allocate greater time to these topics. To this end, Canada welcomes the progress made in recent years to streamline the committee's work and tackle emerging issues, such as through the Dark and Quiet Skies agenda item and the establishment of ATLAC. However, we must find additional ways to create opportunities for meaningful and active exchanges in plenary sessions. The Committee must adapt to do more, given the demand to take on new discussions and drive towards concrete outcomes in the areas identified in the Pact for the Future. Canada believes that the regular 8-day COPUAS session is insufficient for our work, and that consideration should be given to rebalancing allotted days to ensure COPUAS has the time available to advance its agenda. In this regard, we propose that the LSC be shortened by 2 days, allowing those days to be allocated to the COPUAS plenary. To make the most effective use of our time, Canada supports 3-minute time limits for statements, with full versions to be posted online, and proposes that this approach be adopted permanently. Technical presentations are foundational sharing information and supporting capacity building. However, reforms are needed to ensure maximum impact. We recommend grouping technical presentations thematically and scheduling them before the start of the session to maximize attendance and foster active participation. Most importantly, Canada believes that adopting streamlined, action-oriented reporting for COPUS will create space for better and more substantive plenary exchanges. changes when interpretation services are available. We should focus our reporting on action-oriented decisions, recommendations, and consensus areas for the committee. Video recordings of the sessions and the ability to post statements online already provide an accurate record of views expressed during the session, and it is unnecessary to duplicate that in the report.

Thank you for your attention.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Canada for that statement and now give the floor To the distinguished delegate of Brazil.

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. This committee has a long and distinguished history behind it and tall tasks and opportunities ahead. We are glad to note that COPUOS has been able to continue to address the most urgent and candid issues relating to the peaceful use of outer space. We highlighted in this regard issues such as the long-term sustainability of the use of outer space, space research, lunar activities, dark and quiet skies, space and sustainable development, and issues related to space traffic management. While we need to keep abreast of technological developments, we also must undertake efforts to solve longstanding issues and challenges. This is why we support more focused discussions on outer space as the province of humankind, benefit sharing, and the holy of international cooperation, particularly concerning Articles 1 and 11 of the Outer Space Treaty. We support the convening of UNISPACE 4 in 2027 and commend the efforts of the co-coordinators Morocco and Italy and of the Director Arti Hollamäini towards this end.

Mr.

Chair, With regard to the methods of work, Brazil welcomes the Secretariat initiative to adopt a paperless format for this COP15 session. We consider that, given the present results, this could apply for future sessions. It would be advisable, moreover, to keep improving the methodology for distributing agenda items through the meeting days, with a special focus on a smarter management of the speakers' list. Predictability is key for delegations to prepare for the meetings, which results in more fruitful and concrete outcomes. Brazil also believes simple logistical adjustments would enhance practicality, reduce costs, and reinforce our commitment to sustainability.

Merci, le président. Je remercie le.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Brazil for his statement, and now I give the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Once again, the Republic of Korea wishes to express its sincere appreciation to you and Director Ms. Artio Lamaini and the Secretariat of UNUSA for your ongoing dedication to work of the committee. We all recognize the importance of agendas addressed by this committee and subcommittees. Thank you, Chair. Committees has never been greater. At the same time, we are also witnessing increasing challenges in the committee's operation. In light of the shortened session period of the 68th COPUS, it may be timely to consider ways to enhance the efficiency of the committee, both in terms of its duration and agenda, while maintaining the quality of discussions. In particular, avoiding overlapping discussions across subcommittees and improving our working method would contribute to a more effective use of time and resources. The Republic of Korea welcomes the initiative of Unispace 4 and would like to express its appreciation for all the efforts made to organize this timely event within existing resources. We are confident that this event will be successful with the active engagement of all stakeholders and look forward to continued discussions on this matter. The Republic of Korea, as a nation actively engaged in lunar exploration, acknowledged the importance of international cooperation to ensure safe and sustainable lunar exploration. Currently, we are operating the Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter, KPLO, and we have initiated the development of a lunar lander as part of our efforts to expand lunar exploration activities. Discussions surrounding the safety and sustainability of lunar exploration are therefore a matter of urgent concern for our government. For safe and sustainable lunar exploration, it is essential that the involved parties share mission information, and we emphasize the need for the establishment of practical communication channels to facilitate this exchange. We noted appreciation that the ADLOC have agreed to focus on considering potential international consultation mechanisms with a view to facilitating the exchange of information on lunar exploration activities and appreciate our collective efforts that have been put together during informal discussions. We look forward to the final agreement and approval at LAC's work plan during this session, and we would like to express our gratitude to the co-chairs for leading these important discussions. The Republic of Korea remains committed to actively participating in discussions and contributing to the collective efforts of COPUS for the peaceful and sustainable development of space.

Thank you. I thank the distinguished delegate of the Republic of Korea for the statement, and now I give China, the floor.

Mr.

Chair, in order to save time, I will deliver a shortened version. The full version will be uploaded to the website of COPUS. For the future role and method of work of the committee, China would like to share the following views. First, the core status of COPUS must be firmly upheld. China has always believed that COPUS and its 2 subcommittees serve as the main platforms for formulating rules on outer space and promoting international cooperation. Non-governmental processes can serve as a supplement but must not interfere with the normal operation of COPOS. Second, the committee's working mechanisms should be further optimized. The synergy between the 2 subcommittees should be strengthened As well as the communication and coordination be strengthened among different working groups so as to avoid mutual interference. Third, international cooperation and capacity building must be deepened. CORPOS has made remarkable achievements in promoting space science, technology, and legal capacity building. China would suggest further leveraging the role of the United Nations-affiliated Regional Centers for Space science and technology education as key platforms, strengthening cooperation among the centers and fully taking into account the needs of the emerging spacefaring nations and developing countries. Mr. Chair, China is pleased to see the steady progress of the ATHLAC and expresses appreciation and support for the adoption of the work plan of that action team. We hope that the action team will carry out its work strictly within its mandate be grounded in the actual lunar activities of states, build consensus, and promote rational, orderly, and safe conduct of lunar activities.

Mr.

Chair, China supports holding the UNISPACE 4 in Vienna in 2027. We hope that this conference will be result-oriented and contribute to promoting international cooperation and the advancement of space science and technology, thereby benefiting all countries, especially developing countries. Finally, we will take the opportunity to once again express our thanks for all the efforts made by UNWUSSAF for supporting the work of this committee and the 2 subcommittees.

I thank China for their statement. And now I give the floor to the United Kingdom to take the the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Chair, the United Kingdom has taken a leading role on sustainability, security, and safety of outer space. We believe the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its subcommittees have crucial roles in ensuring the ongoing sustainability and peaceful use of the space environment. Regarding the role of COPUOS, there is an important distinction between discussions held in Geneva and those held in Vienna. Discussions here in Vienna should focus on safety and sustainability, which may support the security agenda, while discussions in Geneva should focus on security, which may support safety and sustainability. The fact that many space systems are dual-use shows why it is important to have distinct yet complementary discussions in Geneva and Vienna. To highlight this unique relationship, the United Kingdom organized a side event during this session called A Tale of Two Forums: How Geneva and Vienna Talk About Space. We would now like to share some remarks on the ways of working. The United Kingdom calls upon all member states to work with us on streamlining the reports of our sessions. Although we view the report as an important outcome of our discussions, the UK is here to exchange best practice and to engage in constructive dialogue on important issues. Issues. We believe that negotiating the report and preparing statements to influence the outcome of the report has become an impediment to our discussions, especially during a time when financial resources are scarce. Member States bring experts from around the world, and we should seek to ensure that their time in Vienna is valuable. Next, the United Kingdom is pleased to see that we have a diverse range of observers represented at COPUUS. We should do more to fully engage the private sector and the scientific community. We encourage delegations to consider including non-governmental actors as part of their delegations. During this session, colleagues on our delegation from Northumbria University organized a side event called Space for Women using the Gender Mainstreaming Toolkit for the Space Sector from the Lab Up, taking place on Tuesday, 1st of July at 9:00 AM. The UK has actively engaged in cross-regional discussions here in Vienna, and we look forward to continuing these discussions in the lead-up to Unispace 4. Unispace 4 has the potential to create a step change in our ambition and engagement in peaceful uses. We are grateful to Italy and Morocco for their efforts so far. Chair, we hope that our future is rooted in practical, open, informal, and expert discussion. We need to focus on the mandate of COPUOS to seek to hear from every actor making a contribution to our collective endeavors.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the United Kingdom for his statement, and now I give the floor to France to take the floor.

Thank you, Chair. As you know, France actively supports the work of COPUOS and its subcommittees, In the current context of the liquidity crisis, we've all had to make efforts at rationalization, and proposals have been made to improve effectiveness. We welcome the innovative solutions suggested, and to keep equitable and fair discussions, we believe that. Some items have been more efficiently dealt with, and we must seriously consider new items whilst pursuing already consolidated work. And we have to improve the effectiveness and the inclusivity of debates in our work. France would like to recall its attachment to multilingualism and the equal status of all working languages. In order to be more flexible in our exchanges, item 4, general exchange of views, should be 5 minutes long like before, unlike other statements which have been reduced to 3 minutes. It would be interesting for all general statements, which are really the summary of each member state, to be made at the beginning of COP26, the first 3 days, and ideally before we go on to the other agenda items in order to be more consistent. Moreover, we welcome the work of the Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities chaired effectively by India. That working group is well adapted to analyzing new themes and identifying the progress left to be made for the whole of the community of space nations to achieve this long-term, long-term sustainability. We also support the pragmatic coordination of existing systems and knowledge of the space environment, SSA, which is a priority given the huge growth of orbital traffic in the current context of limited financial and technical resources.

The—

we think there are 3 deliverables from Unispace 4. Coordination of SSA systems, prevention of space debris, and the definition of space resources based on their purpose. And we are grateful to the Secretariat, Morocco, and Italy for their efforts in order to reach consensus over this conference. Thank you for your attention.

Je remercie le distinct I thank the distinguished delegate of France for that statement, and now I give the floor to Venezuela.

Gracias, señor presidente. Thank you, Chair. Based on Resolution 1472 of the General Assembly and acknowledging the importance of international cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space. It is established that COPPOS should ensure that all states have the benefits of outer space activities. Therefore, the— our 2 commissions should be the leading light in our discussions. In this regard, our delegation hopes that the Commission will continue to focus on space law, strengthening the principles that govern the activities of space— of countries in space. We believe that we have to promote space law and guarantee the freedom of exploration and use, the peaceful use of outer space, especially given the growing trend to commercialize and privatize space activities. This commission has to work with other UN bodies because that will facilitate better cooperation of experts on vital subjects for us. In order to promote good practices, this delegation believes that COPWAS should strengthen programs that build capacity in emerging countries. We would like to express our interest in following what the African group suggested, and we believe that we need to increase capacity-building activities, and countries that are well developed in terms of space capacity can help other countries. We also believe that the constant evolution of space activities highlights the urgent need for effective regulation and legally binding instruments that would include as a priority the non-militarization of space, the definition of its legal status, the legal delimitation of outer space, the prevention of monopolies in exploration and exploitation and in ensuring that everyone benefits from this. The initiatives to optimize the work of this commission to have more effective debates are definitely welcome. Our delegation welcomes the action— the ATLAS group because its aim is to bring together all of our countries to consider the Moon and make proposals. Venezuela is willing to cooperate in the final report for 2027. And please allow me to repeat the commitment of Venezuela to the work of COPOS and its subsidiary bodies for the study, analysis, and development of space activities. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Venezuela for that statement. Distinguished delegates, we will now move to statements from observers. I call upon the representative of the Secure World Foundation to take the floor.

Mr.

Chair, distinguished delegates, This committee faces a number of accelerating challenges to space governance, including space debris, space resources, lunar activities, and planetary defense. Newer and urgent challenges include space traffic coordination, the preservation of dark and quiet skies, and addressing risks posed by uncontrolled atmospheric reentries. With 104 current member states of this committee, committee and applications for membership from 5 additional states before us this year. COPUIS is larger than ever, a welcome sign of its role as a central multilateral forum for space governance. But any committee this large faces challenges brought on merely by its size. Meanwhile, the UN's liquidity crisis has reduced the time and resources available to this committee. Speaking frankly, this committee faces too many issues and has too little time. Looking across the many agenda items and working groups at COPUIS, it must be said international space governance is struggling to respond to these mounting challenges in a robust and efficient manner. The power to address this is in the hands of the member states. As an active, longstanding observer, we pose a number of questions for reflection. For example, can COPUSS, under its current working methods, address the diverse range of space governance challenges it faces? Do our current items accurately and efficiently reflect the actual priorities before us? How might COPUSS modify its current working methods to address more efficiently the diverse range of space governance and challenges it faces. Recognizing the challenge of reaching consensus among an ever-increasing number of members of the committee and the rising costs of in-person meetings, how might our current methods of work be adapted to make better use of intersessional and online methods of work to advance our work and build consensus during intersessional periods? And finally, are there ways to streamline the report drafting and adopting process, which currently takes on average 1.5 days of the in-person session with live interpretation services. We must recognize the seriousness of this moment and the need for results. Encouraged by the Vienna spirit, this committee has demonstrated that unity and constructive action is possible. We hope that the questions we have posed will serve as food for thought in this deliberation on the future role and methods of the work of the Committee. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and distinguished delegates, for your kind attention.

I thank the observer of the Secure World Foundation for that statement. Distinguished delegates, following various requests made by delegations, we will I would like to suspend our consideration of Agenda Item 13, Future Role and Method of Work of the Committee, pending outcome of consultations on matters concerning Unispace for NatLac. Distinguished delegates, now I would like to begin our consideration of Agenda Item 14, Space Exploration and Innovation. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation.

Thank you very much, Chairman, for giving this delegation the floor. Outer space is a source of state-of-the-art technologies which are applied in various fields of daily life. Space industry can develop new materials as well as data processing methods, communications, navigations, and much more. This serves not just the space sector but also medicine, transportation, agriculture, and other spheres. The Russian Federation actively participates in space research, providing its own scientific missions and cooperation cooperation with other countries in the framework of international space projects. By 2032, we're planning to deploy a new modular Russian orbital station, ROS. This project is open for international cooperation. It provides an opportunity to— for the participation of foreign partners in the training and launching of cosmonauts into space, as well as the building and operation of certain models of the ROS. Chairman, the Russian Federation productively works with the Chinese People's Republic under the international project, the International Lunar Station, and welcomes other participants joining us. We think it necessary to step up international cooperation when it comes to scientific exploration of outer space, joint projects are the greatest example of how the efforts of various countries can be brought together to attain noble purposes. We're convinced that further broadening of these type of initiatives will strengthen mutual trust and understanding.

Thank you.

Thank the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation for that statement. I would now like to call upon the distinguished representative of the United Arab Emirates.

Mr. Chair, at the outset, we would like to express our appreciation to your wise leadership as well as the Secretariat towards the enhancement of international cooperation cooperation in, in space. We do believe that space exploration is important for sustainable development. In this regard, the Hope probe is key, especially when it comes to Mars. And this also comes within the framework of our international cooperation with a number of organizations and agencies, as well as regards the— as well as the different frequencies. We are mainly focused on discovering the small planets, especially Justitia planet, which aims to achieve a quantum leap in national technical capacities. And when it comes to exploration, Khalifa University has launched small satellites project, which is the first of its kind locally, and it uses non-toxic propelling materials. And when it comes to lunar exploration, Rashid 2 Lunar Orbiter and Explorer is currently collaborating with the Italian and the French space agencies. When it comes to infrastructure, we have recently established an advanced, advanced installation for artificial radar satellites. Also, we have established the Abu Dhabi Quantum Optical Ground Station, which aims to enhance safe spatial communication. And when it comes to capacity building, the National Space Academy contributes to building the capacities of more than 340 applicants, and we have more than 75 participants who have graduated. And this supports the increasing demand on national experience. We reiterate our commitment to enhancing the peaceful uses of space. Thank you.

Thank you for that statement to the UAE. And now I will give the United States the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Across the United States and throughout the world, tens of thousands of people are building an enduring legacy of deep space exploration that will be felt by generations to come and go well beyond the microcosm of our planet. We are in a new age where nations explore the cosmos to better understand our place in the universe. Nations benefit from going to space both directly and indirectly. They see the scientific advancements, how their national capabilities can grow, and how space serves as an economic catalyst. Chair, with the golden age of America, we are on the verge of a new golden age of science and discovery as well, and we will not fail. This new age calls for better, better consultation and increased collaboration both across national borders and between governments and commercial industry. To this end, we appreciate the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultation, whose goal is to enhance consultations for activities on and around the Moon. One of the ways we can do this is by improving information sharing while enhancing transparency and building cooperation among nations and the private sector. Chair, 55 countries have now signed the Artemis Accords. Which establish a common framework to guide space exploration cooperation. The Accords are grounded in the Outer Space Treaty and other agreements, including the Registration Convention and the Rescue and Return Agreement. The Accords embody best practices for responsible behavior that NASA and its partners have supported, including transparency, interoperability, and the public release of scientific data. Chair, we are embarking on a historic effort of human space exploration. NASA's Artemis campaign demonstrates our ability to push the boundaries of human achievement. Artemis II will soon launch an international crew around the moon. By accelerating next-generation commercial systems and expanding international cooperation, we can truly unlock humankind's ability to explore among the stars.

stars.

Chair, the James Webb Space Telescope is another example of our space exploration efforts. Skilled scientists and engineers from 14 countries contributed to Webb, which recently discovered particles of water ice in the frozen Kuiper Belt. NASA is leveraging human space exploration in low Earth orbit with commercial and international partners to enable missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. The International Space Station, which currently has 14 astronauts from 6 countries on board, serves as a springboard for developing a space economy while providing a platform to harness the groundbreaking scientific and technological advances that are only possible through experiments in the microgravity environment of low Earth orbit. Chair, the science, technology, and knowledge we gain from exploring the moon and Mars will not only expand humanity's reach but will also fuel innovations that improve life on Earth. We must continue to work together in this historic effort and inspire the next generation to reach even further. Thank you, Chair.

I thank the delegate of the U.S. for his statement, and now I give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Canada.

Thank you, Chair. On October 5th, 2024, Canada celebrated the 40th anniversary of Canadian astronauts in space. In 1984, Marc Garneau was the first Canadian to go to space, and Canadians and the global space community are mourning his recent passing. Since that historic flight, 9 Canadian Space Agency astronauts have participated in 17 space missions, and 3 others are currently preparing for future missions. To enable space exploration to continue, there is a need to ensure long-term sustainability of space and access to space for the benefit of all. It is essential that COPUOS remain the cornerstone of global governance for the peaceful uses of space to ensure the centrality of consensus-based decision-making for these important efforts. Canada is excited to support the future of space exploration. Over the last several months, CSA scientists and engineers have supported 9 on-orbit science missions on the International Space Station. With the help of the astronauts, they've conducted activities for science experiments, and as part of these experiments, astronauts wear the BioMonitor, a Canadian innovative all-in-one wearable technology which allows scientists to record astronauts' vital signs and receive data directly from space for rapid analysis. These experiments and technology development activities allow Canada to leverage space to solve everyday challenges here on Earth, including improving our understanding of medical conditions such as diabetes, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disorders, and enhancing healthcare services in remote communities. Canada is developing a lunar utility vehicle as a first step towards Canadian participation in international lunar exploration to support lunar surface logistics and science. The Canadian Multipurpose Utility Rover will feature key capabilities, including lunar night survival, guidance and navigation control from a Canadian operations centre, or by— on Earth, or by astronauts on the Moon, tools that could include a small robotic arm to assist logistics and crew operations, and advanced sensors to scan and analyze the environment, and enable semi-autonomous navigation, as well as science instruments. Canada remains a leader in space robotics, and intends to bring this expertise from low Earth orbit to deep space. In addition, Canada is continuing to explore opportunities to diversify and advance critical capabilities such as power generation and space resource prospecting, extraction, and utilization. Canada is proud to see humanity go back to the Moon, and it is both urgent and necessary that we find innovative ways to work together in a sustainable way to ensure opportunities for future generations. This is why we continue to strongly support the work of the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultation and look forward to agreeing the work plan during this session, as well as actively contributing to the discussions going forward. Canada sees this as a very positive step towards humanity's future in space, and we wish to express our full support to the efforts of the co-chairs.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Canada for her statement. And now I will give the floor to the distinguished delegate of the Republic of Korea.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

The Republic of Korea reaffirms a strong commitment to the peaceful use of outer space and to fostering international cooperation in space. Space exploration. In this era of rapidly expanding space activities, global efforts to ensure the sustainability, safety, and transparency of space exploration are more important than now and ever. In 2022, the Republic of Korea successfully launched its first lunar orbiter, the KPLO, also known as Danuri. This mission marked Korea's first space exploration beyond low Earth orbit, representing a major milestone in our pursuit of deep space exploration. The KPLO mission now extended through 2027 continues to carry out scientific research and technology demonstration activities while sharing valuable data with both domestic and international research communities. The Republic of Korea is also participating in the U.S.-led Artemis program and has signed the Artemis Accords. Through close collaboration with international partners, Korea seeks to contribute to the advancement of safe and sustainable space exploration. As part of our contribution to the Artemis program, the Republic of Korea will contribute the KRAT Cube, a scientific CubeSat for deployment on the Artemis II mission. This satellite will measure radiation levels in deep space, focusing on the radiation environment in the Van Allen belts, and will assess the potential impacts of space radiation on astronauts. The mission will also serve to strengthen Korea's technological capabilities in small satellite systems for deep space missions. Furthermore, as part of efforts to enhance space exploration capabilities beyond the moon, the Republic of Korea will actively consider large-scale initiatives in new areas of space exploration and science, including heliospheric observation and exploration, planetary mission to Mars, and asteroid exploration. In the second half of 2025, the Republic of Korea plans to develop and release a a national space exploration roadmap, which will outline a phased vision extending through 2045, including planetary exploration across the solar system. This roadmap will present our mid- to long-term goals and provide detailed implementation strategies to guide Korea's future endeavors in deep space exploration. The Republic of Korea firmly believes that space exploration must be carried out for the benefit of all humankind. We will continue to engage in the work of Copus and its subcommittees promote the sharing of knowledge and best practices, and strengthen international partnerships to advance the peaceful and sustainable development of outer space.

Thank you. Je remercie la distingue. Thank the distinguished delegate of the Republic of Korea. I thank them for that statement, and now I give the floor to China.

Mr. Chairman, in the past year, China has continued to promote major processes such as lunar and deep space exploration, manned spaceflight, and space science, and has achieved a series of results. In the field of lunar and deep space exploration, the Chang'e mission successfully completed the world's first lunar backside sampling and mission, successfully collected 1,935.3 grams of lunar backside samples and carried out scientific payload and cubic satellite cooperation with the European Space Agency, France, Italy, and Pakistan. In May this year, the Tianwen-2 probe of my country's planetary exploration project was successfully launched. The main mission goal is to explore the Yes. The mission will explore, sample, and return the asteroid 2016 HO3, and then conduct scientific exploration of the main belt comet 311P. In the past year, 11 countries and international organizations have joined the International Lunar Research Station program. In terms of the manned spaceflight, in 2024, China's manned space program successfully completed 2 manned spacecraft launches, 2 cargo space launches, and 2 double-manned space return missions. In terms of space science, the Sino-French Astronomical Satellite jointly developed by China and France last year carried out space astronomical research such as multiband comprehensive observation, of gamma ray bursts, and the Sino-Italian electronic magnetic monitoring experimental satellite O2, jointly developed by China and Chile— Italy, was successfully launched at the beginning of this month, focusing on the monitoring of Earth's electric magnetic environment. Mr. Chairman, China will continue to explore and use outer space for peaceful purposes, promote the common progress and the long-term sustainable development of human spaceflight, and continue to carry out high-level international exchanges and cooperation. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Thailand to take the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Space exploration is one of ambitions for Thailand. Please allow me to start with Mars exploration. The Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency, OGISTA, is actively collaborating with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. We are a part of the Low-Cost Mission Working Group under the International Mars Exploration Working Group, focusing on developing sustainable, affordable, and reliable transportation methods. as well as a robust Mars telecommunications relay network to support frequent Mars exploration missions. In the aspect of moon exploration, the National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, or NARED, is participating in International Lunar Research Station led by China by developing a space weather measurement device. This equipment will be integrated as a payload on Chang'e 7 mission. Thailand joined the IAS with the purpose to empower Thai researchers and engineers to engage in cutting-edge scientific research and contribute to new global knowledge through international collaborations. NARIT is also being a member of the International Astronomical Union, supporting the working group Group on Astronomy on the Moon and Global Expert Group on Sustainable Lunar Activities of the Moon Village Association. In December 2024, Thailand joined other countries in Artemis Accords. We commit to work closely with all signatories to bring about the most transparent and sustainable space exploration activities, contributing our experiences and requirements in the global space community. We are also seeking outstanding prospects for Thai stakeholders to be involved in the diversified scientific and technological operation of the Artemis program. Mr. Chair, the interest of experiment in space is growing in Thailand. Last year, Mahidol University conducted a life-size In space project, sending Thai rice aboard China's suborbital spacecraft Shenzhou 19. This experiment has significantly sparked interest in space-based research in the country. Thailand commits to support Atlas and other topics related to lunar activities of COPUS in all aspects. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Thailand for that statement. statement. And now I give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Japan.

Chair, distinguished delegates, space exploration represents a major challenge to humanity in our quest to explore new frontiers, gain knowledge, and extend human presence deeper in space. Japan has been proud to participate in this challenging endeavor in close cooperation with our international partners. Chair, allow me to illustrate some of Japan's efforts in this regard. Japan is actively engaged in both domestic and international initiatives in support of the future Artemis mission. Japan is committed to developing a crewed pressurized rover under an implementing arrangement based on the framework agreement between Japan and the United States. In parallel, Japan is advancing the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission, LUPEX, in collaboration with ISRO. This mission aims to investigate the presence of water and assess the potential for resource utilization in the lunar polar region. From the private sector, the Japanese startup iSpace attempted its second lunar landing in our region. Although completion of this milestone have yet to be achieved. The mission underscores the growing potential of private enterprises in the field of space transportation. Beyond the Moon, the Martian Moons Exploration, MMX mission, currently under development with NASA, CNES, ESA, and DLR, will be the world's first collaborative scientific mission to collect samples from Phobos, one of the Martian moons. In the area of planetary defense, Japan is contributing to international efforts by collaborating with ESA on the Hera mission, as well as conducting asteroid observation during the asteroid flyby of JAXA's Hayabusa 2 extended mission. Furthermore, Japan— JAXA is accelerating studies on potential cooperation for ESA's Rapid Mission for Space Safety, RAMSES, which aims to explore the asteroid Apophis as it passes close to our planet on 13th April 2029. Chair, beyond these initiatives, the Japanese private sector is also working towards the exploration of lunar resources. Recognizing the importance of industrial collaboration, the Japanese government has long Japanese private sector on space exploration. One such initiative is JAXA's Space Exploration Innovation Hub Center, established in 2015, which facilitates collaborative research with companies, academia, and research institutes on key technologies in the fields of energy, mobility, manufacturing, and habitation for dual space ground utilization. In recent years, a series of research programs were launched to investigate the technical, technical practicability of producing water and oxygen from lunar regolith. In 2024, Japan established a Space Strategy Fund to enable private companies and academia to engage in research and development over multiple years. We aim to provide support totaling ¥1 trillion, about $6 billion, as soon as possible, and to strengthen and accelerate technological development across private companies, startups, and academia. Chair, space exploration is in the common interest of all humankind and represents the ultimate ultimate challenge of pushing the boundaries of the known universe. We believe that these endeavors not only advance science and technology but also inspire the next generation and contribute to advancing economic development. Together with our international partners, Japan is committed to taking part in this extraordinary journey by offering our technical expertise for the benefit of all of Humanity. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you.

Je remercie le distingué. I thank the distinguished delegate of Japan for his statement, and now I give the floor to the United Kingdom.

Thank you, Chair. Distinguished delegates, humanity's exploration amongst the stars is perhaps an infinite journey that began right here on Earth. We are privileged to live in a time where ideas. On how to reach this final frontier conceived in the minds of the curious for millennia before us have become and continue to become a reality. The development of new technology to support these missions continues to drive innovation and cooperation around the world as we aim to explore these new horizons and reap the benefits associated for all. As part of ESA's lunar lander Argonaut program, the United Kingdom has procured a key propulsion contract in the development of the lunar descent element, responsible for transporting and landing important cargo onto the lunar surface. In 2025, the UK produced an internal report on space nuclear power capabilities within the UK and have recently commissioned a deep dive into the UK's in situ resource utilization capabilities. We are also exploring avenues for the future future participation of the commercial space sector, particularly on access to LEO and new orbital space station concepts. In human exploration, the UK's John McFall has been medically certified to undertake long-duration mission following the conclusion of ESA's feasibility study, study which successfully demonstrated that it is technically feasible to fly someone with a physical disability like John's on a 6-month mission to the ISS as a fully integrated crew member. The UK continues to be a proud signatory of the Artemis Accords, along with over 50 other nations. The Accords are a set of practical, non-binding principles for conducting civil deep space activities in a safe, sustainable, and transparent manner, seeking to complement and operationalize the outer space treaties. The Accords are open for all to sign, and the UK welcomes further signatories. This year, the UK Space Agency published a technical framework on planetary protection. This is aimed to support exploration by giving UK operators clarity on how to meet the UK's planetary protection obligations by using the COSPAR planetary protection guidelines. With an increasing number of space missions targeting various celestial bodies, including Mars, Europa, and the Moon, the importance of maintaining the integrity of these environments while protecting our own biosphere has never been greater. Thank you, Chair.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the United Kingdom for his statement. And now I give the floor to Italy. Italy, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, Italy's heritage in space exploration spans from more than half a century, grounded in scientific excellence, technological innovation, and strong international partnership. Today, lunar exploration stands at the forefront of our national ambitions. Italy has been one of the first European signatory countries of Artemis Accords. In the frame of Artemis program, in partnership with NASA, Italy is the developing a multi-purpose habitation module. It will offer pressurized crew quarters and microgravity laboratory and docking ports compatible with all partner vehicles. Italian Space Agency is collaborating with international partners to develop a mission aimed at validating the effectiveness of a carbothermal process for oxygen extraction from lunar regolith on the Moon surface. In parallel, working with Germany and France, Italy will lead ESA's Astronautic Lunar Lander Program, scheduled for launch in 2030. Argonaut will deliver cargo, infrastructure, and scientific instruments, including telecommunication, navigation payloads and a rover to the lunar surface. Italy is also at the forefront of ESA Moonlight constellation, Europe's first dedicated lunar communication and navigation network. Earlier this year, we celebrated another milestone from space exploration, the successful launch of LUGRE, the Lunar GNSS Receiver Experiment. Looking ahead, Italy remains resolute in advocating for the sustainable and responsible use of outer space. In this spirit, we reaffirm our commitment to the Artemis Accords and welcome ATLAS as a forum to harmonize national effort and advance a transparent rule-based regime for lunar exploration. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Italy for her statement, and now I give the floor to France.

Chair, thank you. Since the 1970s, France has been participating actively in international efforts to explore the solar system. In this regard, I would like to recall our attachment to the spirit of international peaceful cooperation and the importance of the role of COPPOS and its regulatory work to guarantee sustainable activities that are accessible to all. As far as the Moon is concerned, concerned, France welcomes the commitment of the Office for Space Affairs in the sustainability of activities and the creation of a special team, ATLAC, My delegation recalls the need to grant priority to safety and resilience challenges of Moon operations in this framework. France has submitted a contribution for thematic priorities such as sharing information and interoperability. The multiplication of lunar initiatives requires strengthened international cooperation in the interest of all states. In this regard, France is available to make— to work on ATLAS deliverables from now until Unispace 4, especially regarding an international coordination mechanism for lunar missions in 2026. My delegation would like to ensure that there is coordination and complementarity of ATLAS work with COPBOS's other working groups. ATLAC seems to be an essential discussion forum for the implementation of principles discussed outside other COPPOS frameworks. Manned flights will require a high level of cooperation, as we have seen from the International Space Station. That laboratory has enabled science to progress in many fields thanks to experiments carried out by astronauts, the Faro Atomic Clock, and the European Space Mission means we can be extremely accurate with regards to verifying and measuring the impact on gravitation. And low-orbit flights will also be an indispensable stage in order to learn to work in space, and we welcome the upcoming flight of the French astronaut Sophie Adenot, who will soon join the station. In the field of the observation of distant bodies, France reiterates its will to promote safety and security regulations as well as nonproliferation for the use of nuclear power sources in space. We also support the idea of exchanges on dark and silent skies so we can see permanent solutions for the feasible development of human activities in space and scientific activities from Earth. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of France for her statement, and now I give the floor to Chile.

Chair, distinguished delegates, Chile considers that space Space exploration innovation should take place under the principles of international law, including including the Outer Space Treaty and most recent interpretations of it. Our country joined the Artemis Accords, and this is legal and political complementarity, both in terms of cooperation and responsibility. We appreciate the role of Cop was in promoting inclusive, safe, and sustainable space exploration. We believe that space science and technology should move forward with openness and cooperation. Chair, Chile has 2 relevant assets for international cooperation: the future National Space Center with capacities for mission control, satellite integration, and advanced processing, and the Atacama Desert, acknowledged for its unique conditions, as a similar environment for scientific and technological experiments. Both of these could host joint campaigns for technological validation, both in ISRU, autonomous robotics, and astrobiology. Including scientific, educational, and training components. Chile is following with interest the work of the Working Group on Building Blocks for the Development of an International Framework for the Governance of Space Resource Activities, and we hope to contribute to governance which will combine transparency, inclusion of developing countries, and environmental sustainability Finally, Chile believes it is essential to foster an open science and shared training approach so that countries without their own exploration programs can have access to data methodology and results obtained. This principle, in line with equity and equitable access to outer space, can be a specific way. To reduce technological divides and strengthen the truly global character of space exploration. Chair, diplomacy is not just a way to avoid conflict. It is also a tool to provide shared capacities in emerging technologies. Chile reaffirms its willingness to work so that space exploration can be an environment of cooperation among equals. Thank you.

Thank you to the distinguished delegate of Chile. And now I give the floor to Venezuela. Venezuela, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Dear delegates, this delegation has the honor to provide information on the Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities, ABAE, in cooperation with the Central University of Venezuela. It is currently working on space research in this context, and thanks to the Drop Tower Experiment Series fellowships promoted by UNOOSA under the title Access to Space overall, and working with the Center for Applied Space Technology and Microgravity and the German Space Center, the Venezuelan team that won the fellowship concluded its experiment, which was using liquid aluminium and executing autogenous soldering in microgravity conditions. We're pleased to also inform you of the most recent progress made in our educational initiative Scientific Greenhouses, fostered by the Ministry of Popular Power for Science and Technology, in which the Venezuelan Space Agency participated through the Special Ignition Program. This enabled over 20,000 young people to work on space and its applications, and we are pleased to report our active participation in the program Women in ICTs. We contributed with training programs in GNSS and geomatics in order to capacity build in women in this field of technology, especially with regards to the 5th SDG. Finally, Chair, this delegation would like to express its gratitude to those organizations that made that initiative possible. We would like to highlight the real importance of similar fellowship programs being maintained. Through them, we promote access and opportunity for all countries in space, in line with UN principles on the use of outer space on the basis of equality and free of discrimination, independently of the technical, scientific, or economic development of each nation. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Venezuela for her statement. And now I give the floor to India.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

Mr. Chair and distinguished delegates, India has made significant contributions to the scientific exploration of outer space through concerted effort of the national academia, institutes, startups, and industries. A gamut of enabling space technologies and capabilities have been demonstrated, like the space docking undocking experiments, SPADEx, managing of nominal conditions in human spaceflight, environmental control and life support system, human-rated launch vehicle, advanced propulsion systems, to name a few. The fourth stage of the PSLV-C60, configured as the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module, also called POEM-4, hosted 24 payloads with experiments in space robotics, germination of seeds and growth of bacterium in microgravity, green propulsion, etc., yielding valuable science data through innovation.

Mr.

Chair, India's human spaceflight program, Gaganyaan, is also gearing up with its plan for the series of crewed and uncrewed missions eventually aimed at integrating to the endeavors towards establishing Indian space station named Bharatiya Antaryaksha Station, or BAS. It will serve as an orbital laboratory for microgravity experiments benefiting the human— humanity. An Indian astronaut recently flew aboard Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station. He will be conducting microgravity experiments in diverse areas such as human health, biotechnology, etc. Mr. Chair, India's Chandrayaan-3 has yielded first-of-their-kind scientific results on lunar surface and near-surface physics from the southern high latitudes of the Moon. The Aditya-L1 mission has yielded unique results on the coronal origin and solar flares. The scientific data from these missions have been released for the global scientific community. There has also been a discovery of an exoplanet using the ground-based telescope PARAS-2. Preparations are in progress to release the datasets from ExoSat as well. India is working towards major exploration missions. The Chandrayaan-4 will be India's first lunar sample mission. It aims to collect lunar samples from the yet unexplored southern higher latitudes of the moon. The Chandrayaan-5, also called LUPEX mission, will be a joint endeavor between ISRO and JAXA, which will study the lunar polar volatiles in the vicinity of permanently shadowed region of the moon. The Venus Orbiter Mission will be India's first mission to study Venus from an orbital platform. The mission aims to study the Venusian atmosphere in addition to the Sun-Venus interaction. These 3 missions open up opportunities for international cooperation and planetary science and exploration. Mr. Chair, India looks forward to contributing resourcefully to the global efforts of space exploration and innovation and promote peaceful and sustainable use of the outer space. Thank you, Mr. Chair and distinguished delegates.

I thank the distinguished delegate of India for that statement. I would now like to call upon the distinguished delegate of Argentina.

Thank you, Chair. Chair, distinguished delegates, my delegation is pleased to inform you that Argentina is making new steps in space exploration and observation technologies in the space plan which the National Space Activity Commission is implementing. In this context, our agency and NASA have signed an MOU for the inclusion of CubeSat Athenea as part of the payload of the Artemis II mission of NASA. Athenea is a technological demonstration mission developed in Argentina in the context of the system of high revisits fostered by the Argentinian Space Agency. This program aims for agile, low-cost production of small satellites for Earth observation and space exploration. CubeSat Atenea will be included in an adapter at the Kennedy Space Agency at Cape Canaveral towards the end of the northern and summer and will be launched in April 2026. It is a Class 12U CubeSat, and it aims to validate critical technologies for future space initiatives. It includes measuring radiation doses at low and deep orbits, including shields and commercial components that are available on the market. Then the testing different systems, including optoelectronic systems. It will compile GPS data and validate communication links, which are essential for deep space exploration. These activities mean we can include— we can improve the technology maturity of key subsystems. Which can then be used for further developments. The participation of Atenea in Artemis II, which will have a human crew on board, represents a challenge for quality and reliability, showing Argentina's capacity in this field. The Atenea mission is also a clear example of institutional cooperation at national level. The project is the result of work between our space agency and universities, including the National University of La Plata, the National University of San Martín, the Faculty of Engineering at Buenos Aires University, the Argentinian Institute for Radio Astronomy, to name but a few. With this mission, Argentina reaffirms its commitment to the peaceful development of outer space and international cooperation in space science and technology. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Argentina for that statement. We will now go on to the observers, and the first speaker on my list is the Moon Village Association. You have the floor.

Mr. Chairman, distinguished delegates, This is an honor for the Moon Village Association as an observer member to address this session of the COPOS and under this agenda item present issues related to lunar governance. Mr. Chair, MVA has created in 2021 a neutral forum for multi-stakeholder discussion on lunar exploration and utilization. This forum is the Global Expert Group on Sustainable Lunar Activity, or GEGSLA. In 2023, this published the Recommended Framework and Key Elements for Peaceful and Sustainable Oil Activity and its Annexes. This document is the only available of this kind, and therefore it's important to review it. Since January 2023, GECR initiated the operational phase, engaging over 200 experts from more than 40 countries. The following working groups have been operating: Working Group 1, Lunar Environmental Protection; Working Group 2, Lunar Technical Coordination; and Working Group 3, Lunar Multi-Stakeholder Coordination. It is important to note that on June 19th, the Working Group 2 organized the International Virtual Workshop on Interoperability and Lunar Activity Database in cooperation with the Lunar Surface Innovation Consortium, LSIC, and the Lunar Operating Guidelines for Infrastructure Consortium. The preliminary results of this workshop, together with more detail of the other working groups, are included in the paper A/AC105-2025-CRP18. The annual report of GEXA is also available on the MVA website. Delegation and observers not yet involved are welcome to join and support the group. MVA, together with the International Astronomical Union, COSPAR and IWA consider urgent the issue of defining and protecting lunar sites of special scientific interest to balance the scientific and commercial activity. A brainstorming call was held in April with the delegation to discuss the way forward. At the same— at the present COPOS, a document on this topic is published, AC 105/2025, CRP 23 to discuss these issues. Delegation interested in this topic are invited to contact the relevant organization. NVA welcomes and supports the establishment of the United Nations Action Team on Radioactivity Consultation, ATAC, as this is the only focal point for any future consultation on radioactivity. NVA is ready to support ATAC as soon as it becomes operational. Thank you for your attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Moon Village Association and now would like to give the floor to the APSCO.

Thanks, Charles. Honorable Chair, distinguished delegates, it's my privilege to make this statement on behalf of the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization, APSCO. Mr. Chair, deep space exploration, lunar and Mars exploration are listed as the key areas of cooperation in the Development Plan of Cooperative Activities 2021-2030. This plan is carrying out basic and advanced research on development of science and technical means for deep space exploration and develop experimental study on it. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, ABSKO has initiated various cooperation activities in space exploration and welcomes international partners to work with the ABSCOM. The roadmap of cooperation on International Lunar Research Station program has been developed, and a dedicated working group has been established for joint study on Lunar Research Station. More than 50 experts and scholars from ABSCOM member states have joined the team. So far, 3 workshops. 3 working groups meetings have been organized in the year 2022. APSCO opened opportunity for its member states to send payloads on board Chang'e-6 lunar mission in China. On May 3rd, 2024, the Chang'e-6 mission was launched and the Pakistan CubeSat IQQ was launched as a payload, which marked the first approach of our member state Pakistan in lunar exploration. Also in 2024, the China National Space Administration signed the cooperation MOU on International Lunar Research Station. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, ABSCO opened more opportunities for its members to send more payloads on board the upcoming Chang'e 8 mission of China, and I'm very pleased to announce the successful conclusion of the project selection process for the groundbreaking Chang'e 8 lunar mission led by the China National Space Administration. Out of the total 10 outstanding projects, 6 projects belonging to ABSKO member states and associate members have been selected, which are: from Iran, a lunar environmental and resource assessment monitor for sustainable support; Pakistan and International Society for Terrain Vehicle Systems, development of an advanced lunar rover for surface exploration; South Africa and Peru, a state-of-the-art radio astronomical instrument to facilitate deep space observation. A neutron analyzer for detailed lunar regolith composition analysis. An innovative exploration rover designed for extended lunar operations. A high-resolution imaging system to capture unprecedented lunar surface details. This achievement underscores APSCO's unwavering commitment to advancing space science, fostering technological synergy and promoting sustainable socioeconomic development across its member nations. APSCO also calls upon its member states to continue actively participating in its programs, paving the way for a future where space exploration benefits all humanity. Thank you very much for your attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of APSCO for that statement. Distinguished delegates, following a request from certain delegations, we will continue and hopefully conclude consideration of Agenda Item 14, Space Exploration and Innovation, on Monday morning. Distinguished delegates, now we will turn To consideration of agenda item 15, Program and Space 2030. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished delegate of Kenya on behalf of the G77 and China.

Merci beaucoup, Monsieur le Président, pour l'opportunité. The group of G77 and China underscores the continued relevance of the SDGs, the Space 2030 Agenda, and its implementation plan. It is important to highlight that international cooperation in the development of space activities is a paramount principle, especially for those referred to in the Declaration on International Cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space for the benefit and in the interest of all member states, taking in particular account the needs of developing countries. The sustainable use of outer space should place a special emphasis on capacity-building activities and technical assistance programs to bridge the huge divide between developed and developing countries in this domain and address the growing need to secure sufficient resources to this end. The group recalls the midterm review of Space 2030 Agenda and takes note that the review so far was not conclusive and requests that it be extended to ensure collection of comprehensive and conclusive views. The group further reiterates the need to use this opportunity to address current challenges and fully consolidate aspirations of developing countries on peaceful uses of outer space, including strengthening international cooperation, availing equal access and benefit sharing, providing additional support for space sciences and applications for developing countries. The group recognizes the central role of UNOSA in advocating the benefits of space science and technology for sustainable development, and in promoting international cooperation in the pursuance of the Space 2030 Agenda. We look forward to working closely with UNOSA in promoting the peaceful uses of outer space for sustainable development, including in meeting the 20— the Space 2030 Agenda, advancing international cooperation, strengthening the capacity of developing countries in utilizing space applications and promoting inclusivity and gender equality, gender balance and empowerment of women as applicable in the space sector. Finally, Mr. Chair, it is imperative to intensify the efforts to extend to all member states the benefits derived from outer space activities with a view to promoting the Of peaceful uses of outer space to socioeconomic development, including the attainment of the SDGs, bearing in mind the outcome of the Unispace Plus 50 process, such as the UNGA Resolution 73/6 and the Space 2030 Agenda. I thank you.

Je remercie le.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Kenya on behalf of the G77 in China. for that statement. Now I call upon the distinguished delegate of the European Union to take the floor.

Chair, I have the honor to speak on behalf of the European Union and its member states. The following countries align themselves with this statement: Albania, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Ukraine. Chair, the EU and its member states support the Space 2030 Agenda and its contribution to the achievement of all 17 SDGs. The EU welcomes the Space 2030 Agenda's objective of promoting inclusiveness and gender equality in space activities, notably by enhancing women's participation in science. We acknowledge that space as a driver for sustainable development is important to many countries, and we reaffirm our commitment to developing partnerships with countries, in particular developing countries, to maximize the benefits generated by the development of the space sector. The EU was pleased to contribute to the midterm review of the Space 2030 agenda by reporting on its key activities, including the EU space program efforts and capacity-building activities under the EU's Global Gateway strategy. EU space program components such as Galileo, EGNOS, and Copernicus benefit millions of users, both within the EU and in third countries. The EU also supports an increasing community of users across the globe for space safety in the area of collision avoidance. Copernicus, the Earth observation component, plays a crucial role in strengthening resilience reducing vulnerabilities to natural disasters, and supporting climate adaptation, food security, and environmental protection within the EU and in third countries, especially in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Regional Copernicus centres are based in Chile and Panama alongside the National Copernicus Data Centre in the Philippines. Another landmark EU initiative under the Global Gateway is the Africa-EU Space Partnership Program, launched earlier this year. It supports Africa's space ambitions as outlined in the African Space Policy. The program is implemented by the African Space Agency, the African Union Commission, via Agence de la Sécurité de la Navigation Aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar, and the European Space Agency. A total amount of €100 million will be invested in this initiative, with €45 million already being committed to enhance collaboration between the EU and Africa in space technology, services, and applications. By increasing the uptake of space-based data and fostering institutional and private sector capacity, the program will empower African countries to address pressing societal challenges. We were honored yesterday to present this program at a side event organized by Morocco on the occasion of its COPOS Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the European Union for that statement. I would now like to call upon the distinguished delegate of Canada.

Thank you, Chair. In this era of rapid innovation, Canada reaffirms its commitment to ensuring space technologies remain a driver of sustainable development. We view the Space 2030 agenda with its 4 pillars of space economy, society, accessibility, and diplomacy as a crucial framework to translate space innovation into tangible action in support of the Sustainable Development Goals. We recognize the foundational principle within the Outer Space Treaty that the exploration and use of outer space should be carried out for the benefit of all, and we believe that there are many well-established avenues to deliver on this commitment, including the capacity building delivered by organizations organizations like UNOOSA, which is supported by funding and direct contributions of member state expertise, free and open scientific data from space missions, as well as free and open satellite data and imagery. In addition, the Space 2030 Agenda directly points to the critical role of space data in advancing the SDGs. Earlier this year, Canada submitted its national report to the midterm review, and we're pleased to highlight some of the key achievements and elements that will define our work beyond 2030. Canada's space sector supports over 25,000 jobs, and this includes both upstream and downstream services that transform data into tools for agriculture, navigation, and emergency response. Working with partners, we're advancing flagship projects and applications like the Canadian Ground Motion Service to monitor ground deformation to support critical infrastructure, as well as projects to enhance emissions monitoring, flood forecasting, and maritime awareness. Canadian satellites are essential for global climate resilience and disaster response, and since 2019, the RADARSAT constellation mission has supplied over 112,000 images to the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters to support hundreds of activations worldwide. We also co-chair the Arctic Observing Assessment under the Group on Earth Observations to to support equitable climate adaptation insights, and we have invested in projects like the Indigenous Knowledge Social Network, which integrates Inuit knowledge, Earth observation data, and machine learning to monitor and share information about sea ice conditions across the Arctic. Canada recognizes and values the broader efforts of member states to ensure that space technologies support sustainable development and benefit sharing across the global community. Canada contributes directly to this through information sharing, uh, and projects included in the ESA SDG catalog, as well as through the Government of Canada's Open Data Policy, which enables free access to Earth observation data as well as other space-derived, uh, sets for non-commercial uses. Canada remains fully committed to the Space 2030 agenda and to working with all member states to champion its 4 pillars. Together, we can ensure that outer space remains a realm of cooperation, peace and opportunity for all.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Canada for that statement. I now call upon Australia.

Thank you, Chair, distinguished delegates. This is an abridged version of our statement. The full version will be available on the UNOOSA website. The Space 2030 Agenda Space as a driver of sustainable development reaffirms and strengthens the contribution of space activities and space tools to the achievement of global agendas addressing long-term sustainable development concerns of humankind. Australia is working to meet the overarching objectives of this forward-looking strategy as part of our commitment to achieving the sustainable development goals. We are pleased to have provided a summary of activities. Thank you, Chair. The Space Agency is pleased to be part of the activities contributing to Australia's implementation of the Space 2030 Agenda as part of the midterm review. We take this opportunity to highlight some of the ways Australia is implementing the Space 2030 Agenda. Chair, space technologies and their applications can enhance scientific knowledge of the natural environment and assist in all phases of the disaster management cycle. In this regard, Australia has been working to develop tools to improve accessibility of satellite imagery and data. Geoscience Australia's Earth Observation Program, with the support of Australian and international partners, provides free and open access to space-based data and information analysis products and the tools to analyze them. These capabilities improve decision-making, increase efficiency, and create jobs. This includes supporting communities during natural disasters and helping to manage and protect the environment. Chair, the potential of space technologies to support sustainable development is also realised in CSIRO's Earth Observation Science and Innovation, or EASI, data analytics platform. The EASI platform seeks to improve access to satellite data and analytics capability for a range of applications, including agriculture, monitoring the Earth's natural resources, and climate change and disaster prevention, monitoring, and mitigation. It uses cloud computing, eliminating the need for large-scale local data storage and simplifying access to freely available satellite data. The EasyPolar platform is used by government agencies, universities, environmental groups, and others to deliver new insights into the world around us. Chair, the Space 2030 Agenda provides a key framework for efforts to bring the benefits of space to Earth. Australia will continue to implement the Space 2030 Agenda.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Australia.

Thank you, Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates. It is a pleasure to share a few remarks in my national capacity on the Space 2030 agenda, a vision Slovenia strongly supports and aligns with. Slovenia has developed a vibrant and growing space sector. Driven by active contributions from both industry and academia. In 2023, we adopted our National Space 2030 strategy, fully aligned with the goals of the UN Space 2030 agenda. Our strategy is built around 5 strategic pillars reflecting both our programmatic priorities and our enabling ambitions: advancing space technologies and R&D, including next-generation capabilities satellite communication, both for Earth and future deep space missions; expanding participation in international exploration and research by contributing to responsible collaborative missions, human and robotic; promoting the development and uptake of space applications; supporting a more sustainable, innovative, and competitive economy; securing the next generation of talent by promoting STEM education, enhancing university curricula and engaging young professionals, and boosting entrepreneurship and innovation by supporting startups, SMEs, and spin-offs through dedicated national and international programs. These pillars guide our long-term policy objectives. They reflect our understanding that space is not only a domain of scientific achievement but also a key enabler of progress in many other areas. Slovenia's ecosystem includes highly ranked universities and research institutions that play an essential role in space science and education. We see this as a major asset and are working to position Slovenia as a thought leader in space research, particularly within our region. Yet challenges remain. Attracting and retaining talent in STEM and the space sector is a known issue, as is access to funding, both public and private. Our strategy directly addresses these barriers with targeted efforts to grow a supportive environment for education, innovation, and commercial development. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, Slovenia is committed to the shared goals of the Space 2030 Agenda. Through collaboration, innovation, and strategic investment, we aim to strengthen our contributions to the global space community and to the broader goals of sustainable development. Thank you for your kind attention.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Slovenia for that statement. Now I would like to call upon the distinguished delegate of Chile.

Chair, the midterm review of the Space 2030 Agenda is an opportunity to align global goals with concrete impacts at territorial, social, environmental level. In that regard, Chile has endeavored to integrate the 4 pillars of that agenda— economy, society, accessibility, and diplomacy— in its national space policy through initiatives that reflect this commitment in a practical way. In economic terms, we have the deployment of the national satellite system and the inauguration in the near future of the National Space Center. In social terms, the CANSAT program has trained more than 25,000 students in our whole country, promoting interest in space science and technology. For accessibility, the regional hub Copernicus-LAC in Santiago has facilitated free access to Earth observation products for multiple users. And in terms of diplomacy, Chile is participating actively in multilateral processes such as the Working Group on responsible conduct in outer space. We would like to highlight that the legitimacy and sustainability of space investments depend on them becoming public policies with real benefits for citizens. In this framework, Chile appreciates the possibility of working with UN-USAN member states to move towards a more tangible implementation of this agenda. We observe with interest the option of developing a regional monitoring mechanism for Latin America and the Caribbean with indicators on gender, First Nations, health, and climate resilience. We're also proposing the establishment of digital instruments as public monitoring dashboards that cover national data and experiences for future assessment. Finally, Chile is available to support the organization of a regional forum For technical and policy dialogue, where we can share methodologies, challenges, and lessons learned in the implementation of the four pillars. Chair, Chile is renewing its commitment to Agenda Space 2030 as a roadmap and a platform for collective action. Thank you.

Je remercie la distinguée déléguée.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Chile for that statement. I'd now like to give the floor to the distinguished delegate.

President.

Chair, Colombia adheres to the statement made by G77 and China, and in its national capacity would like to reiterate that the agenda Space 2030 is a strategic initiative that situates outer space as an essential tool for achieving the SDGs and to promote international cooperation and guarantee a peaceful, equitable, and sustainable use of outer space. Satellite communications, Earth observation, satellite navigation, and space applications and services contribute directly or indirectly and in a significant way to achieving almost all the SDGs as a whole. Through space capacity building with satellites FACSAT-1 and 2 of Colombia's Air Force, Colombia is using these technologies to support its agricultural sector, strengthen rural resilience, and supporting a food system that is fair and more sustainable to the benefit of our region and the whole world. Colombia believes that fulfilling this agenda requires political will, technical cooperation, and international solidarity, especially to facilitate access to developing countries in terms of space, resources, technologies, and benefits. We reaffirm our support to the principle of space as a shared heritage of humanity, and we call for equitable access, transparency, and sustainability in all space activities. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Colombia for that statement. I now call upon the distinguished delegate Germany.

Distinguished delegates, the Space 2030 Agenda reaffirms and strengthens the contributions of space applications to sustainable development for all. Its implementation is thus a matter that concerns all of us. Germany has pledged its full support for the agenda's implementation, aligning our national space activities with the objectives of the 2030 Agenda, the European Green Deal, and the Paris Climate Agreement. We are pleased to contribute to every overarching objective of the agenda and take the opportunity to mention a few specific examples in this respect. First, Germany contributes to ESA's Biomass Forest Mission, which uses space technology to understand understand forests' roles in carbon cycle and climate. Its P-band radar improves knowledge of habitat loss and its effects on biodiversity. The mission also enables subsurface geology mapping in deserts, ice sheets, structures, and forest floor topography. Second, ENMAP is a hyperspectral satellite that monitors environmental changes and supports sustainable resource management. Its high-resolution spectral data records are continuously increasing in international users. As of December 2024, there were a total of 2,828 registered ENMAP users from 88 countries. Thirdly, the Drop Tower Experiment Series, DropTIS, provides students from developing countries or countries that do not have their own space programs an opportunity to study microgravity science by performing experiments at the Bremen Drop Tower. It is a ground-based laboratory with a drop tube of a height of 146 meters. In 2025, a team of the Universidad Central Venezuela has been selected for the 9th round of the Drop Test Program. Finally, Germany has actively contributed to international and regional capacity-building projects and platforms such as UN-Spider and the Space Law for New Space Actors project to support capacity-building, particularly in developing countries and emerging spacefaring nations. We also use this opportunity to announce that the German Space Agency at DLR is a member of the Space for Ocean initiative. Honorable Chair, distinguished delegates, we thank all delegations that have actively contributed to our side event perspectives on improved access to space for all, and socioeconomic benefits from space activities today. We intend to repeat this interregional dialogue on an annual basis in cooperation with representatives from developing countries in different regional groups. Germany remains committed to advancing the peaceful, sustainable, and inclusive use of outer space. We are keen to exchange implementation practices within the international community and look forward to continuing implementing the Space 2030 Agenda on a national and international level to ensure that space continues to serve the benefit of all humankind. Shukran.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Germany for that statement and now call upon the distinguished delegate of China.

Thank you.

Chair, China welcomes the COPUAS to continue its in-depth discussion of the Space 2030 Agenda and to exchange valuable experience and information so as to jointly promote the full implementation of the agenda. In order to save time, I'll summarize China's views and upload the full version to the COPUAS website. The Space 2030 Agenda is a forward-looking strategy to guide the future work of COPUAS. We welcome the corpus to collect solutions to space issues from member states by questionnaire so as to pool the wisdom of countries in order to improve the system of global governance. China will complete the space agenda agenda as one of the core tasks. We have made progress in several areas. First, we have improved the domestic rule of legal system and strengthened implementation of outer space law. Thank you.

Law.

China is promoting domestic space legislation process and formulating specialized laws and regulations to regulate space activities. At the same time, strictly fulfilling its international obligations and actively participating in the decisions— discussions of the formulation of international rules on space. Secondly, we are deepening international cooperation and building an open partnership. China upholds the concept openness and inclusiveness and cooperates with all countries, especially all developing countries emerging, spare-faring nations. Thirdly, we are empowering sustainable development technologies benefiting people's livelihood. China's space technology is committed to solving global challenges and enhancing human well-being. China's satellites have provided timely, efficient international remote sensing capabilities to, uh, such as earthquake in Japan, the floods in Brazil. The Beidou satellite navigation system has expanded in depth and has played a key role in many fields, including transportation, disaster prevention, and infrastructure. We'll continue to provide high-quality public products to develop global space industry. China has provided financial data, technical expert support to the UN-SPIDER, and through the UN-affiliated Asia-Pacific Region Center for Space Science and Technology Education in China, which is located in Beihang University. It has cultivated a large number of aerospace talents for developing countries in the APAC region. Chair, the rapid development of China's space industry not only serves the country's modernization and the people's needs for a better life, but also contributes China's wisdom and Chinese solution to the peaceful use of outer space by mankind. China stands ready to work with the international community to continue to take practical Actions to actively implement the Space 2030—

Distinguished delegates, we will continue consideration of Agenda Item 15, Space 20 Agenda.

Monday morning.

Distinguished delegates, I will shortly adjourn this meeting so that the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultations can hold its meeting. Before that, though, allow me to inform the delegates of our schedule of work for Monday morning. We will meet promptly at 10 AM. We will continue our consideration of Agenda Item 4, General Exchange of Views. Following the request from certain delegations, we will continue and hopefully can suspend the consideration of Item 13, awaiting the outcomes of ATAC and Unispace 4 consultations. And then following the request from several delegations, we will continue Thank you. This will conclude our consideration of Agenda Item 14, Space Exploration and Innovation. Time permitting, we will consider— begin our consideration of Agenda Item 15, Space 2030 Agenda. I'd like to inform the delegates that the Working Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities will hold its 3rd informal meeting Monday morning, 9:00. To 9:50, Conference Room M2. The informal meeting will also be available via the MS Teams link contained in the circular dispatched on 5 June 2025, CU 2025-186. The schedule of informal meetings is available on the webpage of the session. Now I would like to give the Secretariat the floor to provide information on side events.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

Distinguished delegates, there will be 2 side events on Monday morning. From 9:00 to 9:50 AM, there will be a side event organized by the Office for Outer Space Affairs entitled Strategic Donor Briefing on the Space Cooperation for Development Fund. This event will take place in the press room in this M Building and via virtual connection also. Also from 9 to 9:50 AM, there will be another side event organized by the 3-country trusted broker entitled Working Group Proposal: Developing a Cooperative Plan to Remediate Orbital This event will take place in Conference Room M5, and we are also in a virtual connection, and all delegations are invited.

Thank you very much, Mr.

Chair.

I thank the Secretariat for that information. Any questions or comments on this proposed schedule? I see none. Distinguished delegates, the meeting is adjourned until 10:00 AM on Monday morning. Thank you.

Thank you.