{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. 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Council","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c"},"metadata":{"summary":null,"description":null,"categories":[],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"scheduled-427d42ea-8444-44aa-a710-85672f4c5766","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":0.71,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=0:01","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good morning.","start":0.71,"end":1.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":0.71,"end":1.03},{"text":"morning.","start":1.03,"end":1.75}]},{"text":"The fifth meeting of the 14th session of the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development is called to 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which comprises three thematic discussions on different issues pertaining to the realization of the right to 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have concluded 2 of these focused thematic discussions, and now we move to the next thematic discussion, which is entitled Indigenous People and the Right to 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are honored to have for this panel the following distinguished speakers.","start":39.99,"end":44.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":39.99,"end":40.23},{"text":"are","start":40.23,"end":40.39},{"text":"honored","start":40.39,"end":40.91},{"text":"to","start":40.91,"end":40.99},{"text":"have","start":40.99,"end":41.23},{"text":"for","start":41.23,"end":41.67},{"text":"this","start":41.67,"end":41.91},{"text":"panel","start":41.91,"end":42.47},{"text":"the","start":42.47,"end":42.55},{"text":"following","start":42.55,"end":43.11},{"text":"distinguished","start":43.11,"end":43.91},{"text":"speakers.","start":43.91,"end":44.63}]},{"text":"Ms. Sharon Peake, Deputy Permanent Representative of Canada to the United Nations Office at Geneva; Professor Dr. Minerva Rivas Velarde from International Brain Initiative; Mr. Rémy Orcier, Director of Indigenous Peoples Center for Documentation, Research and Information; Mr. Antine Sondey from Indigenous Representative from Burkina Faso; Ms. Valmaine Toki, Chair of the UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous People, by video message, and Ms. Alouki Coutier, Chair of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous People, also by video 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very warm welcome to you all, and thank you for being here today.","start":90.87,"end":95.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":90.87,"end":90.91},{"text":"very","start":90.91,"end":91.19},{"text":"warm","start":91.19,"end":91.47},{"text":"welcome","start":91.47,"end":91.91},{"text":"to","start":91.91,"end":92.11},{"text":"you","start":92.11,"end":92.39},{"text":"all,","start":92.47,"end":92.87},{"text":"and","start":92.87,"end":93.11},{"text":"thank","start":93.11,"end":93.59},{"text":"you","start":93.59,"end":93.83},{"text":"for","start":93.83,"end":94.07},{"text":"being","start":94.07,"end":94.35},{"text":"here","start":94.35,"end":94.71},{"text":"today.","start":94.71,"end":95.03}]},{"text":"The dialogue will be introduced and moderated by my fellow expert, Brian Kim.","start":95.67,"end":100.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":95.67,"end":96.03},{"text":"dialogue","start":96.03,"end":96.39},{"text":"will","start":96.39,"end":96.63},{"text":"be","start":96.63,"end":96.79},{"text":"introduced","start":96.79,"end":97.63},{"text":"and","start":97.63,"end":97.79},{"text":"moderated","start":97.79,"end":98.47},{"text":"by","start":98.63,"end":98.79},{"text":"my","start":98.79,"end":99.03},{"text":"fellow","start":99.03,"end":99.51},{"text":"expert,","start":99.51,"end":100.07},{"text":"Brian","start":100.07,"end":100.47},{"text":"Kim.","start":100.47,"end":100.79}]},{"text":"Brian, you have the floor.","start":101.35,"end":102.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brian,","start":101.35,"end":101.75},{"text":"you","start":101.75,"end":101.83},{"text":"have","start":101.83,"end":101.99},{"text":"the","start":101.99,"end":102.15},{"text":"floor.","start":102.15,"end":102.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":104.71,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:45","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":104.71,"end":105.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":104.71,"end":104.95},{"text":"you,","start":104.95,"end":105.03},{"text":"Madam","start":105.03,"end":105.27},{"text":"Chair.","start":105.27,"end":105.67}]},{"text":"Good morning, everyone.","start":105.91,"end":107.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":105.91,"end":106.03},{"text":"morning,","start":106.03,"end":106.39},{"text":"everyone.","start":106.39,"end":107.03}]},{"text":"Excellencies, colleagues, friends, students.","start":110.63,"end":113.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":110.63,"end":111.43},{"text":"colleagues,","start":111.43,"end":111.95},{"text":"friends,","start":111.99,"end":112.63},{"text":"students.","start":113.19,"end":113.99}]},{"text":"So welcome to this session.","start":116.23,"end":117.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":116.23,"end":116.47},{"text":"welcome","start":116.47,"end":116.79},{"text":"to","start":116.79,"end":116.91},{"text":"this","start":116.91,"end":117.15},{"text":"session.","start":117.15,"end":117.55}]},{"text":"I think this is a very important session in the work that we're doing.","start":117.55,"end":120.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":117.55,"end":117.59},{"text":"think","start":117.59,"end":117.79},{"text":"this","start":117.79,"end":117.95},{"text":"is","start":117.95,"end":118.03},{"text":"a","start":118.03,"end":118.07},{"text":"very","start":118.07,"end":118.27},{"text":"important","start":118.27,"end":118.75},{"text":"session","start":118.75,"end":119.43},{"text":"in","start":119.43,"end":119.55},{"text":"the","start":119.55,"end":119.63},{"text":"work","start":119.67,"end":119.87},{"text":"that","start":119.87,"end":119.99},{"text":"we're","start":119.99,"end":120.15},{"text":"doing.","start":120.15,"end":120.63}]},{"text":"The participation and engagement of Indigenous peoples in the design, management, administration, and evaluation of development programs is vital to achieving real progress.","start":121.27,"end":135.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":121.27,"end":121.43},{"text":"participation","start":121.43,"end":122.07},{"text":"and","start":122.07,"end":122.19},{"text":"engagement","start":122.19,"end":122.59},{"text":"of","start":122.59,"end":122.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":122.67,"end":123.19},{"text":"peoples","start":123.19,"end":123.59},{"text":"in","start":123.59,"end":123.71},{"text":"the","start":123.71,"end":123.83},{"text":"design,","start":123.83,"end":124.47},{"text":"management,","start":125.51,"end":126.31},{"text":"administration,","start":128.11,"end":128.99},{"text":"and","start":128.99,"end":129.11},{"text":"evaluation","start":129.11,"end":129.71},{"text":"of","start":129.71,"end":129.83},{"text":"development","start":129.83,"end":130.39},{"text":"programs","start":131.11,"end":132.07},{"text":"is","start":132.07,"end":132.71},{"text":"vital","start":132.71,"end":133.11},{"text":"to","start":133.11,"end":133.27},{"text":"achieving","start":133.27,"end":133.91},{"text":"real","start":134.79,"end":135.11},{"text":"progress.","start":135.11,"end":135.83}]},{"text":"Without such engagement, programs won't capture the nuances, the diverse cultures worldwide, the knowledge that peoples have around the world.","start":137.03,"end":150.31,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":137.03,"end":137.47},{"text":"such","start":137.47,"end":137.67},{"text":"engagement,","start":137.67,"end":138.47},{"text":"programs","start":140.47,"end":140.95},{"text":"won't","start":140.95,"end":141.23},{"text":"capture","start":141.23,"end":141.75},{"text":"the","start":142.47,"end":142.63},{"text":"nuances,","start":142.63,"end":143.35},{"text":"the","start":143.35,"end":143.71},{"text":"diverse","start":144.15,"end":144.71},{"text":"cultures","start":145.03,"end":145.51},{"text":"worldwide,","start":145.51,"end":146.31},{"text":"the","start":147.43,"end":147.51},{"text":"knowledge","start":147.51,"end":148.15},{"text":"that","start":148.87,"end":149.03},{"text":"peoples","start":149.03,"end":149.39},{"text":"have","start":149.39,"end":149.55},{"text":"around","start":149.55,"end":149.83},{"text":"the","start":149.83,"end":149.91},{"text":"world.","start":149.91,"end":150.31}]},{"text":"So 40 years ago, as we've been discussing this week, the Declaration on the Right to Development affirmed that every person and all peoples are entitled to participate in, contribute to, and enjoy development.","start":150.79,"end":165.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":150.79,"end":151.19},{"text":"40","start":151.43,"end":151.75},{"text":"years","start":151.75,"end":151.95},{"text":"ago,","start":151.95,"end":152.47},{"text":"as","start":153.23,"end":153.35},{"text":"we've","start":153.35,"end":153.55},{"text":"been","start":153.55,"end":153.83},{"text":"discussing","start":154.11,"end":154.67},{"text":"this","start":154.67,"end":154.87},{"text":"week,","start":154.87,"end":155.27},{"text":"the","start":155.99,"end":156.11},{"text":"Declaration","start":156.11,"end":156.87},{"text":"on","start":156.87,"end":157.11},{"text":"the","start":157.11,"end":157.19},{"text":"Right","start":157.19,"end":157.47},{"text":"to","start":157.47,"end":157.55},{"text":"Development","start":157.55,"end":158.11},{"text":"affirmed","start":158.11,"end":158.63},{"text":"that","start":158.71,"end":158.91},{"text":"every","start":158.91,"end":159.11},{"text":"person","start":159.11,"end":159.59},{"text":"and","start":159.59,"end":159.75},{"text":"all","start":159.75,"end":159.83},{"text":"peoples","start":159.83,"end":160.63},{"text":"are","start":162.43,"end":162.59},{"text":"entitled","start":162.59,"end":163.03},{"text":"to","start":163.03,"end":163.11},{"text":"participate","start":163.11,"end":163.79},{"text":"in,","start":163.79,"end":163.95},{"text":"contribute","start":163.95,"end":164.55},{"text":"to,","start":164.55,"end":164.67},{"text":"and","start":164.67,"end":164.79},{"text":"enjoy","start":164.79,"end":165.07},{"text":"development.","start":165.07,"end":165.67}]},{"text":"It also recognized that this right includes the full realization of people's right to self-determination, including sovereignty over their wealth and natural resources.","start":167.19,"end":177.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":167.19,"end":167.31},{"text":"also","start":167.31,"end":167.79},{"text":"recognized","start":167.95,"end":168.67},{"text":"that","start":168.67,"end":168.83},{"text":"this","start":168.83,"end":168.99},{"text":"right","start":168.99,"end":169.23},{"text":"includes","start":169.23,"end":169.55},{"text":"the","start":169.55,"end":169.71},{"text":"full","start":169.71,"end":169.95},{"text":"realization","start":169.95,"end":170.71},{"text":"of","start":170.71,"end":170.83},{"text":"people's","start":170.83,"end":171.23},{"text":"right","start":171.23,"end":171.35},{"text":"to","start":171.35,"end":171.43},{"text":"self-determination,","start":171.43,"end":172.59},{"text":"including","start":173.23,"end":173.71},{"text":"sovereignty","start":173.71,"end":174.43},{"text":"over","start":174.67,"end":174.83},{"text":"their","start":174.83,"end":175.03},{"text":"wealth","start":175.03,"end":175.47},{"text":"and","start":175.91,"end":176.03},{"text":"natural","start":176.03,"end":176.43},{"text":"resources.","start":176.43,"end":177.15}]},{"text":"20 years later, 19 years later, the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted.","start":179.07,"end":187.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"20","start":179.07,"end":179.35},{"text":"years","start":179.35,"end":179.55},{"text":"later,","start":179.55,"end":180.11},{"text":"19","start":181.19,"end":181.63},{"text":"years","start":181.63,"end":181.87},{"text":"later,","start":181.87,"end":182.19},{"text":"the","start":183.23,"end":183.35},{"text":"UN","start":183.47,"end":183.83},{"text":"Declaration","start":183.83,"end":184.51},{"text":"on","start":184.51,"end":184.59},{"text":"the","start":184.59,"end":184.67},{"text":"Rights","start":184.67,"end":184.99},{"text":"of","start":184.99,"end":185.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":185.07,"end":185.55},{"text":"Peoples","start":185.55,"end":186.27},{"text":"was","start":187.07,"end":187.31},{"text":"adopted.","start":187.31,"end":187.87}]},{"text":"and kind of reaffirmed that promise.","start":188.47,"end":190.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":188.47,"end":188.71},{"text":"kind","start":188.71,"end":188.91},{"text":"of","start":188.91,"end":189.03},{"text":"reaffirmed","start":189.03,"end":189.55},{"text":"that","start":189.55,"end":189.71},{"text":"promise.","start":189.71,"end":190.47}]},{"text":"The preamble says, \"Indigenous peoples have suffered from historic injustices as a result of, inter alia, their colonization and dispossession of their lands, territories, and resources, thus preventing them from exercising, in particular, their right to development in accordance with their own needs and interests.\"","start":190.71,"end":207.35,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":190.71,"end":190.83},{"text":"preamble","start":190.83,"end":191.27},{"text":"says,","start":191.27,"end":191.59},{"text":"\"Indigenous","start":191.59,"end":192.07},{"text":"peoples","start":192.07,"end":192.63},{"text":"have","start":192.95,"end":193.11},{"text":"suffered","start":193.11,"end":193.51},{"text":"from","start":193.51,"end":193.67},{"text":"historic","start":193.67,"end":194.23},{"text":"injustices","start":194.31,"end":195.19},{"text":"as","start":195.23,"end":195.35},{"text":"a","start":195.35,"end":195.39},{"text":"result","start":195.39,"end":195.83},{"text":"of,","start":195.83,"end":195.99},{"text":"inter","start":195.99,"end":196.43},{"text":"alia,","start":196.43,"end":196.79},{"text":"their","start":196.87,"end":197.11},{"text":"colonization","start":197.11,"end":197.91},{"text":"and","start":197.91,"end":198.03},{"text":"dispossession","start":198.03,"end":198.67},{"text":"of","start":198.67,"end":198.79},{"text":"their","start":198.79,"end":198.95},{"text":"lands,","start":198.95,"end":199.31},{"text":"territories,","start":199.31,"end":199.83},{"text":"and","start":199.83,"end":199.95},{"text":"resources,","start":199.95,"end":200.63},{"text":"thus","start":201.27,"end":201.51},{"text":"preventing","start":201.51,"end":202.07},{"text":"them","start":202.07,"end":202.31},{"text":"from","start":202.31,"end":202.47},{"text":"exercising,","start":202.47,"end":203.19},{"text":"in","start":203.19,"end":203.35},{"text":"particular,","start":203.35,"end":204.07},{"text":"their","start":204.23,"end":204.43},{"text":"right","start":204.43,"end":204.59},{"text":"to","start":204.59,"end":204.67},{"text":"development","start":204.71,"end":205.35},{"text":"in","start":205.35,"end":205.51},{"text":"accordance","start":205.51,"end":205.87},{"text":"with","start":205.87,"end":206.03},{"text":"their","start":206.03,"end":206.15},{"text":"own","start":206.15,"end":206.27},{"text":"needs","start":206.27,"end":206.55},{"text":"and","start":206.55,"end":206.67},{"text":"interests.\"","start":206.67,"end":207.35}]},{"text":"Article 3 of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples affirms their right to self-determination and to freely pursue their economic, Social and cultural development, Article 23 recognizes their right to determine their own priorities and strategies for development.","start":209.35,"end":233.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":209.35,"end":209.71},{"text":"3","start":209.71,"end":210.03},{"text":"of","start":210.03,"end":210.11},{"text":"the","start":210.11,"end":210.19},{"text":"UN","start":210.19,"end":210.47},{"text":"Declaration","start":210.47,"end":211.03},{"text":"on","start":211.03,"end":211.11},{"text":"the","start":211.11,"end":211.19},{"text":"Rights","start":211.19,"end":211.39},{"text":"of","start":211.39,"end":211.47},{"text":"Indigenous","start":211.47,"end":211.91},{"text":"Peoples","start":211.91,"end":212.31},{"text":"affirms","start":212.31,"end":212.71},{"text":"their","start":212.71,"end":212.91},{"text":"right","start":212.91,"end":213.07},{"text":"to","start":213.07,"end":213.15},{"text":"self-determination","start":213.15,"end":214.31},{"text":"and","start":214.83,"end":214.95},{"text":"to","start":214.95,"end":215.03},{"text":"freely","start":215.03,"end":215.35},{"text":"pursue","start":215.35,"end":215.67},{"text":"their","start":215.67,"end":215.91},{"text":"economic,","start":215.91,"end":216.63},{"text":"Social","start":219.47,"end":220.11},{"text":"and","start":226.03,"end":226.19},{"text":"cultural","start":226.19,"end":226.55},{"text":"development,","start":226.55,"end":227.23},{"text":"Article","start":227.23,"end":227.55},{"text":"23","start":227.55,"end":228.19},{"text":"recognizes","start":228.19,"end":228.91},{"text":"their","start":228.91,"end":229.11},{"text":"right","start":229.11,"end":229.43},{"text":"to","start":229.43,"end":229.87},{"text":"determine","start":230.51,"end":230.95},{"text":"their","start":230.95,"end":231.07},{"text":"own","start":231.07,"end":231.15},{"text":"priorities","start":231.15,"end":231.79},{"text":"and","start":231.79,"end":231.91},{"text":"strategies","start":231.91,"end":232.47},{"text":"for","start":232.47,"end":232.59},{"text":"development.","start":232.59,"end":233.23}]},{"text":"And Article 32 requires the free, prior, and informed consent of indigenous peoples before projects affecting their lands and resources go ahead.","start":233.43,"end":242.67,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":233.43,"end":233.63},{"text":"Article","start":233.63,"end":233.99},{"text":"32","start":233.99,"end":234.59},{"text":"requires","start":234.59,"end":235.15},{"text":"the","start":235.15,"end":235.27},{"text":"free,","start":235.27,"end":235.47},{"text":"prior,","start":235.47,"end":235.67},{"text":"and","start":235.67,"end":235.79},{"text":"informed","start":235.79,"end":236.11},{"text":"consent","start":236.11,"end":236.75},{"text":"of","start":238.51,"end":238.59},{"text":"indigenous","start":238.59,"end":239.07},{"text":"peoples","start":239.07,"end":239.39},{"text":"before","start":239.39,"end":239.67},{"text":"projects","start":239.67,"end":240.19},{"text":"affecting","start":240.19,"end":240.59},{"text":"their","start":240.59,"end":240.75},{"text":"lands","start":240.75,"end":241.23},{"text":"and","start":241.35,"end":241.47},{"text":"resources","start":241.47,"end":242.03},{"text":"go","start":242.03,"end":242.23},{"text":"ahead.","start":242.23,"end":242.67}]},{"text":"So these two declarations kind of speak the same language.","start":243.63,"end":246.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":243.63,"end":243.79},{"text":"these","start":243.79,"end":243.95},{"text":"two","start":243.95,"end":244.11},{"text":"declarations","start":244.11,"end":244.83},{"text":"kind","start":244.83,"end":244.99},{"text":"of","start":244.99,"end":245.15},{"text":"speak","start":245.15,"end":245.39},{"text":"the","start":245.39,"end":245.47},{"text":"same","start":245.47,"end":245.79},{"text":"language.","start":245.79,"end":246.35}]},{"text":"Yet for many indigenous peoples, development has been something that's more done to them instead of by them.","start":247.51,"end":253.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":247.51,"end":247.71},{"text":"for","start":247.71,"end":247.87},{"text":"many","start":247.87,"end":248.07},{"text":"indigenous","start":248.07,"end":248.51},{"text":"peoples,","start":248.51,"end":248.87},{"text":"development","start":248.87,"end":249.47},{"text":"has","start":249.47,"end":249.63},{"text":"been","start":249.63,"end":249.87},{"text":"something","start":249.87,"end":250.31},{"text":"that's","start":250.31,"end":250.59},{"text":"more","start":250.67,"end":250.91},{"text":"done","start":250.91,"end":251.31},{"text":"to","start":251.31,"end":251.47},{"text":"them","start":251.47,"end":251.83},{"text":"instead","start":251.83,"end":252.15},{"text":"of","start":252.15,"end":252.35},{"text":"by","start":252.51,"end":252.75},{"text":"them.","start":252.75,"end":253.07}]},{"text":"Dams, mines, plantations, carbon projects, and now the extraction of data and knowledge have too often been carried out in the name of development while dispossessing the very peoples whose territories sustain them.","start":253.95,"end":269.15,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."},{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Dams,","start":253.95,"end":254.51},{"text":"mines,","start":254.51,"end":254.99},{"text":"plantations,","start":254.99,"end":255.95},{"text":"carbon","start":256.11,"end":256.51},{"text":"projects,","start":256.51,"end":257.31},{"text":"and","start":259.03,"end":259.15},{"text":"now","start":259.15,"end":259.31},{"text":"the","start":259.31,"end":259.55},{"text":"extraction","start":259.79,"end":260.35},{"text":"of","start":260.35,"end":260.43},{"text":"data","start":260.43,"end":260.71},{"text":"and","start":260.71,"end":260.83},{"text":"knowledge","start":260.83,"end":261.55},{"text":"have","start":262.43,"end":262.67},{"text":"too","start":262.75,"end":262.95},{"text":"often","start":262.95,"end":263.19},{"text":"been","start":263.19,"end":263.35},{"text":"carried","start":263.35,"end":263.71},{"text":"out","start":263.71,"end":263.83},{"text":"in","start":263.83,"end":263.91},{"text":"the","start":263.91,"end":263.99},{"text":"name","start":263.99,"end":264.27},{"text":"of","start":264.27,"end":264.35},{"text":"development","start":264.35,"end":264.91},{"text":"while","start":264.91,"end":265.07},{"text":"dispossessing","start":265.07,"end":265.95},{"text":"the","start":265.95,"end":266.03},{"text":"very","start":266.03,"end":266.27},{"text":"peoples","start":266.27,"end":266.99},{"text":"whose","start":267.67,"end":267.87},{"text":"territories","start":267.87,"end":268.43},{"text":"sustain","start":268.43,"end":268.95},{"text":"them.","start":268.95,"end":269.15}]},{"text":"The perspectives and objectives of indigenous peoples have been overridden by other more powerful actors.","start":270.11,"end":276.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":270.11,"end":270.23},{"text":"perspectives","start":270.23,"end":270.95},{"text":"and","start":270.95,"end":271.11},{"text":"objectives","start":271.11,"end":271.71},{"text":"of","start":271.71,"end":271.79},{"text":"indigenous","start":271.79,"end":272.19},{"text":"peoples","start":272.19,"end":272.51},{"text":"have","start":272.51,"end":272.63},{"text":"been","start":272.63,"end":272.75},{"text":"overridden","start":272.75,"end":274.19},{"text":"by","start":274.19,"end":274.43},{"text":"other","start":274.43,"end":274.67},{"text":"more","start":274.67,"end":275.07},{"text":"powerful","start":275.55,"end":276.03},{"text":"actors.","start":276.03,"end":276.59}]},{"text":"Historical patterns of discrimination continue, and when they try to assert their right to self-determined development, all too often they're met with violence, criminalization, threats, intimidation.","start":277.75,"end":290.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Historical","start":277.75,"end":278.39},{"text":"patterns","start":278.39,"end":278.91},{"text":"of","start":278.91,"end":279.11},{"text":"discrimination","start":279.35,"end":280.11},{"text":"continue,","start":280.11,"end":280.87},{"text":"and","start":281.03,"end":281.15},{"text":"when","start":281.15,"end":281.35},{"text":"they","start":281.35,"end":281.47},{"text":"try","start":281.47,"end":281.67},{"text":"to","start":281.67,"end":281.75},{"text":"assert","start":281.75,"end":282.15},{"text":"their","start":282.15,"end":282.51},{"text":"right","start":282.51,"end":282.67},{"text":"to","start":282.67,"end":282.75},{"text":"self-determined","start":282.75,"end":283.47},{"text":"development,","start":283.47,"end":284.07},{"text":"all","start":285.27,"end":285.43},{"text":"too","start":285.43,"end":285.51},{"text":"often","start":285.51,"end":285.87},{"text":"they're","start":285.87,"end":286.03},{"text":"met","start":286.03,"end":286.15},{"text":"with","start":286.15,"end":286.31},{"text":"violence,","start":286.31,"end":287.03},{"text":"criminalization,","start":287.11,"end":288.15},{"text":"threats,","start":288.71,"end":289.19},{"text":"intimidation.","start":289.19,"end":290.07}]},{"text":"Indigenous peoples for too long have been treated as obstacles to development and kind of Western notions of progress.","start":291.75,"end":297.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":291.75,"end":292.23},{"text":"peoples","start":292.23,"end":292.79},{"text":"for","start":292.79,"end":292.95},{"text":"too","start":292.95,"end":293.11},{"text":"long","start":293.11,"end":293.27},{"text":"have","start":293.27,"end":293.39},{"text":"been","start":293.39,"end":293.51},{"text":"treated","start":293.51,"end":293.87},{"text":"as","start":293.87,"end":294.07},{"text":"obstacles","start":294.15,"end":294.79},{"text":"to","start":294.79,"end":294.87},{"text":"development","start":294.87,"end":295.51},{"text":"and","start":295.51,"end":295.63},{"text":"kind","start":295.63,"end":295.83},{"text":"of","start":295.83,"end":295.91},{"text":"Western","start":295.91,"end":296.27},{"text":"notions","start":296.27,"end":296.79},{"text":"of","start":296.79,"end":296.87},{"text":"progress.","start":296.87,"end":297.51}]},{"text":"Been treated as stakeholders to be consulted or as beneficiaries, and they're none of those in reality.","start":300.03,"end":306.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":306.23,"end":306.51},{"text":"rights","start":306.51,"end":306.67},{"text":"holders,","start":306.67,"end":307.35},{"text":"and","start":308.23,"end":308.39},{"text":"they","start":308.39,"end":308.47},{"text":"have","start":308.47,"end":308.59},{"text":"a","start":308.59,"end":308.63},{"text":"vital","start":308.63,"end":308.91},{"text":"role","start":308.91,"end":309.19},{"text":"to","start":309.19,"end":309.27},{"text":"play","start":309.27,"end":309.47},{"text":"in","start":309.47,"end":309.59},{"text":"development.","start":309.59,"end":310.19}]},{"text":"The reality is that development with respect for indigenous peoples' rights is not only practical, feasible, and functional, but it leads to more successful development outcomes.","start":310.95,"end":321.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":344.91,"end":345.19},{"text":"this","start":346.47,"end":346.71},{"text":"conversation,","start":346.71,"end":347.31},{"text":"I","start":347.31,"end":347.35},{"text":"hope,","start":347.35,"end":347.51},{"text":"is","start":347.51,"end":347.67},{"text":"also","start":347.67,"end":348.03},{"text":"a","start":348.03,"end":348.07},{"text":"beginning","start":348.07,"end":348.71},{"text":"that","start":349.19,"end":349.39},{"text":"lays","start":349.39,"end":349.75},{"text":"the","start":349.75,"end":349.91},{"text":"foundation","start":350.39,"end":351.19},{"text":"for","start":351.67,"end":352.31},{"text":"lasting","start":352.31,"end":352.95},{"text":"collaboration","start":353.03,"end":353.71},{"text":"amongst","start":353.71,"end":354.03},{"text":"different","start":354.03,"end":354.47},{"text":"UN","start":356.31,"end":356.79},{"text":"mechanisms","start":357.43,"end":358.23},{"text":"that","start":359.15,"end":359.47},{"text":"are","start":360.43,"end":360.75},{"text":"dedicated","start":360.75,"end":361.23},{"text":"to","start":361.23,"end":361.35},{"text":"indigenous","start":361.35,"end":361.79},{"text":"people's","start":361.79,"end":362.19},{"text":"rights","start":362.19,"end":362.43},{"text":"and","start":362.43,"end":362.79},{"text":"this","start":363.07,"end":363.39},{"text":"expert","start":363.39,"end":363.75},{"text":"mechanism","start":363.75,"end":364.19},{"text":"on","start":364.19,"end":364.27},{"text":"the","start":364.27,"end":364.35},{"text":"right","start":364.35,"end":364.55},{"text":"to","start":364.55,"end":364.63},{"text":"development.","start":364.63,"end":365.31}]},{"text":"So, we will begin.","start":366.51,"end":368.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":366.51,"end":367.15},{"text":"we","start":367.15,"end":367.39},{"text":"will","start":367.39,"end":367.55},{"text":"begin.","start":367.55,"end":368.19}]},{"text":"Do we have a. So, we'll begin with Ms. Sharon Peake, Deputy Permanent Representative of Canada.","start":373.11,"end":388.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":373.11,"end":373.19},{"text":"we","start":373.19,"end":373.27},{"text":"have","start":373.27,"end":373.55},{"text":"a.","start":380.22,"end":380.26},{"text":"So,","start":380.26,"end":380.46},{"text":"we'll","start":380.46,"end":380.7},{"text":"begin","start":380.7,"end":381.1},{"text":"with","start":381.1,"end":381.34},{"text":"Ms.","start":382.62,"end":382.78},{"text":"Sharon","start":382.78,"end":383.18},{"text":"Peake,","start":384.14,"end":384.62},{"text":"Deputy","start":386.46,"end":386.86},{"text":"Permanent","start":386.86,"end":387.22},{"text":"Representative","start":387.22,"end":387.9},{"text":"of","start":387.9,"end":387.98},{"text":"Canada.","start":387.98,"end":388.54}]},{"text":"Ms. Peake.","start":389.58,"end":390.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ms.","start":389.58,"end":389.82},{"text":"Peake.","start":389.82,"end":390.22}]},{"text":"Canada is one of the few states that has legislated implementation of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples at home through its 2021 UN DRIP Act and the National Action Plan that followed.","start":391.07,"end":401.95,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":391.07,"end":391.35},{"text":"is","start":391.35,"end":391.47},{"text":"one","start":391.47,"end":391.63},{"text":"of","start":391.63,"end":391.71},{"text":"the","start":391.71,"end":391.79},{"text":"few","start":391.79,"end":392.03},{"text":"states","start":392.03,"end":392.47},{"text":"that","start":392.47,"end":392.59},{"text":"has","start":392.59,"end":392.75},{"text":"legislated","start":392.75,"end":393.43},{"text":"implementation","start":393.43,"end":394.35},{"text":"of","start":394.55,"end":394.67},{"text":"the","start":394.67,"end":394.75},{"text":"UN","start":394.75,"end":394.99},{"text":"Declaration","start":394.99,"end":395.51},{"text":"on","start":395.51,"end":395.59},{"text":"the","start":395.59,"end":395.67},{"text":"Rights","start":395.67,"end":395.87},{"text":"of","start":395.87,"end":395.95},{"text":"Indigenous","start":395.95,"end":396.39},{"text":"Peoples","start":396.39,"end":396.67},{"text":"at","start":396.67,"end":396.83},{"text":"home","start":396.83,"end":397.07},{"text":"through","start":397.07,"end":397.27},{"text":"its","start":397.27,"end":397.51},{"text":"2021","start":397.51,"end":398.35},{"text":"UN","start":398.75,"end":399.03},{"text":"DRIP","start":399.03,"end":399.31},{"text":"Act","start":399.31,"end":399.71},{"text":"and","start":400.19,"end":400.31},{"text":"the","start":400.31,"end":400.39},{"text":"National","start":400.39,"end":400.83},{"text":"Action","start":400.83,"end":401.07},{"text":"Plan","start":401.07,"end":401.31},{"text":"that","start":401.31,"end":401.43},{"text":"followed.","start":401.43,"end":401.95}]},{"text":"Canada is also a significant provider of international development assistance.","start":402.75,"end":406.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":402.75,"end":403.03},{"text":"is","start":403.03,"end":403.15},{"text":"also","start":403.15,"end":403.51},{"text":"a","start":403.51,"end":403.55},{"text":"significant","start":403.55,"end":404.15},{"text":"provider","start":404.15,"end":404.67},{"text":"of","start":404.67,"end":404.75},{"text":"international","start":404.75,"end":405.35},{"text":"development","start":405.35,"end":405.83},{"text":"assistance.","start":405.83,"end":406.51}]},{"text":"So my question is, how is Canada applying the commitments it has made to indigenous peoples at home, including free, prior, informed consent, to its development, cooperation, and its companies operating abroad?","start":407.63,"end":418.67,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":407.63,"end":407.83},{"text":"my","start":407.83,"end":407.95},{"text":"question","start":407.95,"end":408.43},{"text":"is,","start":408.43,"end":408.59},{"text":"how","start":408.59,"end":408.83},{"text":"is","start":408.83,"end":408.91},{"text":"Canada","start":408.91,"end":409.31},{"text":"applying","start":409.31,"end":409.79},{"text":"the","start":409.79,"end":409.91},{"text":"commitments","start":409.91,"end":410.59},{"text":"it","start":410.59,"end":410.71},{"text":"has","start":410.71,"end":410.83},{"text":"made","start":410.83,"end":411.11},{"text":"to","start":411.11,"end":411.19},{"text":"indigenous","start":411.19,"end":411.59},{"text":"peoples","start":411.59,"end":411.87},{"text":"at","start":411.87,"end":411.99},{"text":"home,","start":411.99,"end":412.43},{"text":"including","start":412.91,"end":413.35},{"text":"free,","start":413.35,"end":413.55},{"text":"prior,","start":413.55,"end":413.75},{"text":"informed","start":413.75,"end":414.07},{"text":"consent,","start":414.07,"end":414.67},{"text":"to","start":415.15,"end":415.27},{"text":"its","start":415.27,"end":415.43},{"text":"development,","start":415.43,"end":415.99},{"text":"cooperation,","start":415.99,"end":416.91},{"text":"and","start":416.91,"end":417.03},{"text":"its","start":417.03,"end":417.15},{"text":"companies","start":417.15,"end":417.63},{"text":"operating","start":417.63,"end":418.07},{"text":"abroad?","start":418.07,"end":418.67}]},{"text":"And what has Canada learned that other states could use to make the right to development real for indigenous peoples?","start":419.43,"end":424.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":419.43,"end":419.55},{"text":"what","start":419.55,"end":419.71},{"text":"has","start":419.71,"end":419.83},{"text":"Canada","start":419.83,"end":420.23},{"text":"learned","start":420.23,"end":420.71},{"text":"that","start":420.71,"end":420.87},{"text":"other","start":420.87,"end":421.11},{"text":"states","start":421.11,"end":421.43},{"text":"could","start":421.43,"end":421.55},{"text":"use","start":421.55,"end":421.83},{"text":"to","start":421.83,"end":421.95},{"text":"make","start":421.95,"end":422.15},{"text":"the","start":422.15,"end":422.23},{"text":"right","start":422.23,"end":422.51},{"text":"to","start":422.51,"end":422.59},{"text":"development","start":422.59,"end":423.03},{"text":"real","start":423.03,"end":423.35},{"text":"for","start":423.35,"end":423.51},{"text":"indigenous","start":423.51,"end":424.03},{"text":"peoples?","start":424.03,"end":424.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":426.99,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=7:07","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Brian. Thank you, Chair.","start":426.99,"end":428.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":426.99,"end":427.19},{"text":"you,","start":427.19,"end":427.27},{"text":"Brian.","start":427.27,"end":427.55},{"text":"Thank","start":427.55,"end":427.75},{"text":"you,","start":427.75,"end":427.83},{"text":"Chair.","start":427.83,"end":428.23}]},{"text":"It's really an honor to be here, and Canada really welcomes this discussion on indigenous peoples and the right to development.","start":428.79,"end":434.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":428.79,"end":429.03},{"text":"really","start":429.03,"end":429.43},{"text":"an","start":429.43,"end":429.51},{"text":"honor","start":429.51,"end":429.75},{"text":"to","start":429.75,"end":429.83},{"text":"be","start":429.83,"end":429.99},{"text":"here,","start":429.99,"end":430.19},{"text":"and","start":430.19,"end":430.63},{"text":"Canada","start":430.63,"end":430.99},{"text":"really","start":431.03,"end":431.51},{"text":"welcomes","start":431.51,"end":431.91},{"text":"this","start":431.91,"end":432.07},{"text":"discussion","start":432.07,"end":432.55},{"text":"on","start":432.55,"end":432.67},{"text":"indigenous","start":432.67,"end":433.19},{"text":"peoples","start":433.19,"end":433.75},{"text":"and","start":433.75,"end":433.91},{"text":"the","start":433.91,"end":433.99},{"text":"right","start":433.99,"end":434.19},{"text":"to","start":434.19,"end":434.27},{"text":"development.","start":434.27,"end":434.87}]},{"text":"Canada recognizes that realizing the right to development requires processes that are inclusive, sustainable, participatory, and respectful of human rights.","start":436.07,"end":445.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":436.07,"end":436.39},{"text":"recognizes","start":436.39,"end":437.03},{"text":"that","start":437.03,"end":437.27},{"text":"realizing","start":437.27,"end":437.95},{"text":"the","start":437.95,"end":438.03},{"text":"right","start":438.03,"end":438.27},{"text":"to","start":438.27,"end":438.35},{"text":"development","start":438.35,"end":438.95},{"text":"requires","start":438.95,"end":439.51},{"text":"processes","start":439.51,"end":440.23},{"text":"that","start":440.23,"end":440.47},{"text":"are","start":440.47,"end":440.71},{"text":"inclusive,","start":440.71,"end":441.43},{"text":"sustainable,","start":441.75,"end":442.39},{"text":"participatory,","start":442.39,"end":443.35},{"text":"and","start":443.35,"end":443.59},{"text":"respectful","start":443.59,"end":444.31},{"text":"of","start":444.31,"end":444.55},{"text":"human","start":444.55,"end":444.87},{"text":"rights.","start":444.87,"end":445.35}]},{"text":"For Indigenous peoples, this must be grounded in recognition of their status as distinct rights holders and their right to self-determination.","start":445.87,"end":453.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":445.87,"end":445.99},{"text":"Indigenous","start":445.99,"end":446.39},{"text":"peoples,","start":446.39,"end":446.83},{"text":"this","start":446.83,"end":446.99},{"text":"must","start":446.99,"end":447.27},{"text":"be","start":447.27,"end":447.39},{"text":"grounded","start":447.39,"end":447.79},{"text":"in","start":447.79,"end":447.95},{"text":"recognition","start":447.95,"end":448.71},{"text":"of","start":448.71,"end":448.83},{"text":"their","start":448.83,"end":448.99},{"text":"status","start":448.99,"end":449.47},{"text":"as","start":449.47,"end":449.95},{"text":"distinct","start":450.23,"end":450.91},{"text":"rights","start":450.91,"end":451.19},{"text":"holders","start":451.19,"end":451.63},{"text":"and","start":451.95,"end":452.15},{"text":"their","start":452.15,"end":452.35},{"text":"right","start":452.35,"end":452.63},{"text":"to","start":452.63,"end":452.71},{"text":"self-determination.","start":452.71,"end":453.71}]},{"text":"Indigenous peoples are not simply stakeholders in or beneficiaries of development.","start":454.59,"end":458.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":454.59,"end":455.07},{"text":"peoples","start":455.07,"end":455.47},{"text":"are","start":455.47,"end":455.55},{"text":"not","start":455.55,"end":455.87},{"text":"simply","start":455.87,"end":456.19},{"text":"stakeholders","start":456.19,"end":456.75},{"text":"in","start":456.75,"end":457.07},{"text":"or","start":457.07,"end":457.23},{"text":"beneficiaries","start":457.23,"end":457.87},{"text":"of","start":457.87,"end":458.27},{"text":"development.","start":458.27,"end":458.99}]},{"text":"They are distinct rights holders and development leaders with their own governance systems, knowledge, laws, and priorities.","start":459.47,"end":466.19,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":459.47,"end":459.67},{"text":"are","start":459.67,"end":459.79},{"text":"distinct","start":459.79,"end":460.19},{"text":"rights","start":460.19,"end":460.43},{"text":"holders","start":460.43,"end":460.91},{"text":"and","start":460.91,"end":461.07},{"text":"development","start":461.07,"end":461.51},{"text":"leaders","start":461.51,"end":461.95},{"text":"with","start":462.19,"end":462.39},{"text":"their","start":462.39,"end":462.51},{"text":"own","start":462.51,"end":462.75},{"text":"governance","start":462.75,"end":463.27},{"text":"systems,","start":463.27,"end":463.87},{"text":"knowledge,","start":464.11,"end":464.67},{"text":"laws,","start":464.75,"end":465.39},{"text":"and","start":465.39,"end":465.55},{"text":"priorities.","start":465.55,"end":466.19}]},{"text":"Canada's understanding is informed by its ongoing work toward reconciliation with First Nations, Inuit, and Métis people.","start":466.91,"end":473.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Canada's","start":466.91,"end":467.35},{"text":"understanding","start":467.35,"end":467.87},{"text":"is","start":467.87,"end":467.95},{"text":"informed","start":467.95,"end":468.59},{"text":"by","start":468.59,"end":468.71},{"text":"its","start":468.71,"end":468.83},{"text":"ongoing","start":468.83,"end":469.27},{"text":"work","start":469.27,"end":469.55},{"text":"toward","start":469.55,"end":469.79},{"text":"reconciliation","start":469.79,"end":470.71},{"text":"with","start":470.71,"end":470.87},{"text":"First","start":470.87,"end":471.15},{"text":"Nations,","start":471.15,"end":471.63},{"text":"Inuit,","start":471.95,"end":472.35},{"text":"and","start":472.35,"end":472.51},{"text":"Métis","start":472.51,"end":472.83},{"text":"people.","start":472.83,"end":473.31}]},{"text":"Colonial policies denied Indigenous peoples' rights and created barriers whose effects continue today.","start":473.79,"end":479.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Colonial","start":473.79,"end":474.19},{"text":"policies","start":474.19,"end":474.75},{"text":"denied","start":474.75,"end":475.31},{"text":"Indigenous","start":475.31,"end":475.83},{"text":"peoples'","start":475.83,"end":476.19},{"text":"rights","start":476.19,"end":476.67},{"text":"and","start":476.67,"end":476.79},{"text":"created","start":476.79,"end":477.11},{"text":"barriers","start":477.11,"end":477.75},{"text":"whose","start":477.75,"end":477.95},{"text":"effects","start":477.95,"end":478.35},{"text":"continue","start":478.35,"end":478.83},{"text":"today.","start":478.83,"end":479.31}]},{"text":"So Canada, I, therefore, present our experiences not as a completed model, but as an iterative process of implementation and ongoing learning.","start":479.71,"end":489.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Led","start":585.11,"end":585.35},{"text":"by","start":585.35,"end":585.43},{"text":"Global","start":585.43,"end":585.75},{"text":"Affairs","start":585.75,"end":585.99},{"text":"Canada,","start":585.99,"end":586.39},{"text":"it","start":586.47,"end":586.67},{"text":"seeks","start":586.67,"end":587.03},{"text":"to","start":587.03,"end":587.11},{"text":"strengthen","start":587.11,"end":587.83},{"text":"Indigenous","start":587.83,"end":588.35},{"text":"peoples'","start":588.35,"end":588.71},{"text":"participation","start":588.71,"end":589.51},{"text":"in","start":589.51,"end":589.67},{"text":"decisions","start":589.67,"end":590.23},{"text":"affecting","start":590.23,"end":590.67},{"text":"their","start":590.67,"end":590.91},{"text":"rights,","start":590.91,"end":591.27},{"text":"consistent","start":591.67,"end":592.19},{"text":"with","start":592.19,"end":592.31},{"text":"Article","start":592.31,"end":592.67},{"text":"41","start":592.67,"end":593.07},{"text":"of","start":593.07,"end":593.19},{"text":"the","start":593.19,"end":593.31},{"text":"UN","start":593.31,"end":593.47},{"text":"Declaration.","start":593.47,"end":594.23}]},{"text":"including within the UN system and other intergovernmental organizations.","start":594.75,"end":598.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"including","start":594.75,"end":595.31},{"text":"within","start":595.31,"end":595.59},{"text":"the","start":595.59,"end":595.67},{"text":"UN","start":595.67,"end":595.95},{"text":"system","start":595.95,"end":596.43},{"text":"and","start":596.43,"end":596.59},{"text":"other","start":596.59,"end":596.83},{"text":"intergovernmental","start":596.83,"end":597.63},{"text":"organizations.","start":597.63,"end":598.59}]},{"text":"International assistance is one area where Canada is putting this approach into practice.","start":600.03,"end":604.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"International","start":600.03,"end":600.55},{"text":"assistance","start":600.55,"end":600.95},{"text":"is","start":600.95,"end":601.07},{"text":"one","start":601.07,"end":601.39},{"text":"area","start":601.39,"end":601.75},{"text":"where","start":601.75,"end":602.03},{"text":"Canada","start":602.03,"end":602.35},{"text":"is","start":602.35,"end":602.43},{"text":"putting","start":602.43,"end":602.71},{"text":"this","start":602.71,"end":602.83},{"text":"approach","start":602.83,"end":603.23},{"text":"into","start":603.23,"end":603.47},{"text":"practice.","start":603.47,"end":604.11}]},{"text":"The Indigenous Peoples Partnering for Climate Initiative supports partnerships between Indigenous peoples in Canada and Indigenous peoples in developing countries to advance their global climate priorities.","start":604.83,"end":614.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":615.47,"end":615.71},{"text":"model","start":615.71,"end":616.03},{"text":"recognizes","start":616.03,"end":616.83},{"text":"that","start":616.83,"end":616.99},{"text":"Indigenous","start":616.99,"end":617.43},{"text":"peoples","start":617.43,"end":617.79},{"text":"already","start":617.79,"end":618.27},{"text":"possess","start":618.27,"end":618.83},{"text":"expertise,","start":618.83,"end":619.71},{"text":"relationships,","start":620.03,"end":620.79},{"text":"and","start":620.79,"end":620.95},{"text":"solutions","start":620.95,"end":621.63},{"text":"that","start":621.63,"end":621.83},{"text":"extend","start":621.83,"end":622.31},{"text":"beyond","start":622.31,"end":622.75},{"text":"state","start":622.75,"end":623.03},{"text":"borders.","start":623.03,"end":623.55}]},{"text":"Government should support those relationships and remove barriers rather than unilaterally lead development efforts.","start":624.51,"end":631.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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is Professor Dr. Myrna Rivas-Villarde.","start":803.19,"end":806.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Speaker","start":803.19,"end":803.83},{"text":"is","start":803.83,"end":803.99},{"text":"Professor","start":803.99,"end":804.71},{"text":"Dr.","start":804.79,"end":805.19},{"text":"Myrna","start":805.19,"end":805.59},{"text":"Rivas-Villarde.","start":805.59,"end":806.95}]},{"text":"Thank you for coming.","start":808.27,"end":809.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":808.27,"end":808.47},{"text":"you","start":808.47,"end":808.55},{"text":"for","start":808.55,"end":808.71},{"text":"coming.","start":808.71,"end":809.11}]},{"text":"So neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and data-driven research are fast becoming part of what development means.","start":809.91,"end":816.31,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and 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They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":816.91,"end":817.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":817.07,"end":817.51},{"text":"peoples","start":817.51,"end":817.83},{"text":"are","start":817.83,"end":817.91},{"text":"increasingly","start":817.91,"end":818.63},{"text":"being","start":818.63,"end":818.95},{"text":"approached","start":818.95,"end":819.35},{"text":"as","start":819.35,"end":819.43},{"text":"sources","start":819.43,"end":819.99},{"text":"of","start":819.99,"end":820.07},{"text":"data,","start":820.07,"end":820.47},{"text":"from","start":820.47,"end":820.67},{"text":"voices","start":820.67,"end":821.27},{"text":"and","start":821.59,"end":821.75},{"text":"languages","start":821.75,"end":822.31},{"text":"to","start":822.31,"end":822.39},{"text":"genetic","start":822.39,"end":822.87},{"text":"and","start":822.87,"end":823.07},{"text":"neurological","start":823.07,"end":823.63},{"text":"information.","start":823.63,"end":824.23}]},{"text":"So my question is, from where you sit in the global brain research community, What would it take for research and technology development to recognize and respect indigenous peoples' data sovereignty, and to treat indigenous peoples as rights holders whose free, prior, and informed consent shapes the research itself, rather than as a source of data to be collected?","start":825.15,"end":845.55,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. 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They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":845.87,"end":845.95},{"text":"there","start":845.95,"end":846.19},{"text":"safeguards","start":846.19,"end":846.79},{"text":"the","start":846.79,"end":846.87},{"text":"scientific","start":846.87,"end":847.47},{"text":"community","start":847.63,"end":848.11},{"text":"should","start":848.11,"end":848.31},{"text":"adopt","start":848.31,"end":848.67},{"text":"now","start":848.67,"end":848.99},{"text":"before","start":848.99,"end":849.31},{"text":"these","start":849.31,"end":849.51},{"text":"practices","start":849.51,"end":850.19},{"text":"become","start":850.19,"end":850.43},{"text":"entrenched?","start":850.43,"end":850.95}]},{"text":"The floor is yours.","start":851.67,"end":852.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":851.67,"end":851.75},{"text":"floor","start":851.75,"end":851.95},{"text":"is","start":851.95,"end":852.03},{"text":"yours.","start":852.03,"end":852.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":5,"start":857.19,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=14:18","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":857.19,"end":858.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":857.19,"end":857.39},{"text":"you","start":857.39,"end":857.47},{"text":"very","start":857.47,"end":857.67},{"text":"much.","start":857.67,"end":858.03}]},{"text":"Thank you, Chair, Excellencies, distinguished representatives of indigenous peoples, member states, UN agencies, colleagues, and friends.","start":858.55,"end":866.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":858.55,"end":858.75},{"text":"you,","start":858.75,"end":858.83},{"text":"Chair,","start":858.83,"end":859.23},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":859.47,"end":860.27},{"text":"distinguished","start":860.43,"end":860.99},{"text":"representatives","start":860.99,"end":861.67},{"text":"of","start":861.67,"end":861.79},{"text":"indigenous","start":861.79,"end":862.27},{"text":"peoples,","start":862.27,"end":862.75},{"text":"member","start":862.75,"end":863.15},{"text":"states,","start":863.15,"end":863.71},{"text":"UN","start":863.95,"end":864.27},{"text":"agencies,","start":864.27,"end":865.07},{"text":"colleagues,","start":865.23,"end":865.79},{"text":"and","start":865.79,"end":865.95},{"text":"friends.","start":865.95,"end":866.51}]},{"text":"The 2025 State of the World Report on Indigenous Peoples report that indigenous peoples, who are about 6% of the world population, safeguard 80% of the planet remaining biodiversity.","start":867.47,"end":880.91,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":867.47,"end":867.59},{"text":"2025","start":867.59,"end":868.83},{"text":"State","start":868.91,"end":869.31},{"text":"of","start":869.31,"end":869.39},{"text":"the","start":869.39,"end":869.55},{"text":"World","start":869.55,"end":869.95},{"text":"Report","start":870.03,"end":870.59},{"text":"on","start":870.71,"end":870.83},{"text":"Indigenous","start":870.83,"end":871.31},{"text":"Peoples","start":871.31,"end":871.87},{"text":"report","start":871.87,"end":872.19},{"text":"that","start":872.19,"end":872.31},{"text":"indigenous","start":872.31,"end":872.83},{"text":"peoples,","start":872.83,"end":873.23},{"text":"who","start":873.23,"end":873.35},{"text":"are","start":873.35,"end":873.55},{"text":"about","start":873.55,"end":875.31},{"text":"6%","start":875.31,"end":875.35},{"text":"of","start":875.35,"end":875.47},{"text":"the","start":875.47,"end":875.55},{"text":"world","start":875.55,"end":875.79},{"text":"population,","start":875.79,"end":876.51},{"text":"safeguard","start":876.75,"end":877.55},{"text":"80%","start":878.35,"end":878.39},{"text":"of","start":878.43,"end":878.55},{"text":"the","start":878.55,"end":878.67},{"text":"planet","start":878.67,"end":879.23},{"text":"remaining","start":879.23,"end":879.79},{"text":"biodiversity.","start":879.79,"end":880.91}]},{"text":"I would like to draw this panel attention to one word in the finding: safeguard.","start":881.79,"end":887.11,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":881.79,"end":881.95},{"text":"would","start":881.95,"end":882.11},{"text":"like","start":882.11,"end":882.39},{"text":"to","start":882.39,"end":882.55},{"text":"draw","start":882.55,"end":883.07},{"text":"this","start":883.07,"end":883.39},{"text":"panel","start":883.39,"end":883.71},{"text":"attention","start":883.71,"end":884.27},{"text":"to","start":884.27,"end":884.39},{"text":"one","start":884.39,"end":884.67},{"text":"word","start":884.67,"end":885.03},{"text":"in","start":885.07,"end":885.19},{"text":"the","start":885.19,"end":885.31},{"text":"finding:","start":885.31,"end":885.87},{"text":"safeguard.","start":886.27,"end":887.11}]},{"text":"This report doesn't say that Indigenous peoples own these lands or explode them.","start":888.11,"end":892.67,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":888.11,"end":888.31},{"text":"report","start":888.31,"end":888.91},{"text":"doesn't","start":888.91,"end":889.35},{"text":"say","start":889.35,"end":889.55},{"text":"that","start":889.55,"end":889.71},{"text":"Indigenous","start":889.71,"end":890.19},{"text":"peoples","start":890.19,"end":890.59},{"text":"own","start":890.59,"end":890.91},{"text":"these","start":890.91,"end":891.07},{"text":"lands","start":891.07,"end":891.55},{"text":"or","start":891.55,"end":891.71},{"text":"explode","start":891.79,"end":892.39},{"text":"them.","start":892.39,"end":892.67}]},{"text":"It says that safeguard them for their own communities and for all of humanity.","start":893.63,"end":898.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":893.63,"end":893.79},{"text":"says","start":893.79,"end":894.15},{"text":"that","start":894.15,"end":894.35},{"text":"safeguard","start":894.35,"end":895.03},{"text":"them","start":895.03,"end":895.31},{"text":"for","start":896.27,"end":896.47},{"text":"their","start":896.47,"end":896.67},{"text":"own","start":896.67,"end":896.75},{"text":"communities","start":896.75,"end":897.47},{"text":"and","start":897.47,"end":897.63},{"text":"for","start":897.63,"end":897.87},{"text":"all","start":897.87,"end":898.19},{"text":"of","start":898.19,"end":898.35},{"text":"humanity.","start":898.35,"end":898.99}]},{"text":"Today, Indigenous peoples are carrying that role to a new domain.","start":899.47,"end":902.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":899.47,"end":899.95},{"text":"Indigenous","start":899.95,"end":900.51},{"text":"peoples","start":900.51,"end":900.91},{"text":"are","start":900.91,"end":900.99},{"text":"carrying","start":900.99,"end":901.39},{"text":"that","start":901.39,"end":901.63},{"text":"role","start":901.63,"end":901.95},{"text":"to","start":901.95,"end":902.07},{"text":"a","start":902.07,"end":902.11},{"text":"new","start":902.11,"end":902.43},{"text":"domain.","start":902.43,"end":902.83}]},{"text":"They are safeguarding data sovereignty, the fundamental right to choose and control our data and to give it meaning.","start":903.31,"end":911.63,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. 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They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Artificial","start":1023.39,"end":1023.95},{"text":"intelligence","start":1023.95,"end":1024.67},{"text":"deepens","start":1024.67,"end":1025.19},{"text":"this","start":1025.19,"end":1025.39},{"text":"problem.","start":1025.39,"end":1025.87}]},{"text":"Because knowledge persists in trained models and derivated data even after the original data is withdrawn.","start":1026.47,"end":1033.27,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":1026.47,"end":1026.79},{"text":"knowledge","start":1026.79,"end":1027.27},{"text":"persists","start":1027.27,"end":1028.15},{"text":"in","start":1028.15,"end":1028.39},{"text":"trained","start":1028.39,"end":1028.71},{"text":"models","start":1028.71,"end":1029.27},{"text":"and","start":1029.59,"end":1029.79},{"text":"derivated","start":1029.79,"end":1030.55},{"text":"data","start":1030.63,"end":1030.87},{"text":"even","start":1030.87,"end":1031.27},{"text":"after","start":1031.27,"end":1031.63},{"text":"the","start":1031.63,"end":1031.71},{"text":"original","start":1031.71,"end":1032.23},{"text":"data","start":1032.23,"end":1032.67},{"text":"is","start":1032.67,"end":1032.79},{"text":"withdrawn.","start":1032.79,"end":1033.27}]},{"text":"We must therefore explore and adapt mechanisms of informed consent, including collective consent, understanding right to contest and withdraw it.","start":1033.67,"end":1043.11,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1033.67,"end":1033.83},{"text":"must","start":1033.83,"end":1034.19},{"text":"therefore","start":1034.19,"end":1034.79},{"text":"explore","start":1034.87,"end":1035.43},{"text":"and","start":1035.43,"end":1035.55},{"text":"adapt","start":1035.55,"end":1035.91},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1035.91,"end":1036.71},{"text":"of","start":1036.71,"end":1036.87},{"text":"informed","start":1036.87,"end":1037.23},{"text":"consent,","start":1037.23,"end":1037.91},{"text":"including","start":1038.15,"end":1038.67},{"text":"collective","start":1038.67,"end":1039.27},{"text":"consent,","start":1039.27,"end":1039.91},{"text":"understanding","start":1040.19,"end":1041.03},{"text":"right","start":1041.03,"end":1041.35},{"text":"to","start":1041.51,"end":1041.63},{"text":"contest","start":1041.63,"end":1042.23},{"text":"and","start":1042.23,"end":1042.39},{"text":"withdraw","start":1042.39,"end":1042.79},{"text":"it.","start":1042.79,"end":1043.11}]},{"text":"We must be honest also about its limits.","start":1043.91,"end":1046.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1043.91,"end":1044.15},{"text":"must","start":1044.15,"end":1044.55},{"text":"be","start":1044.55,"end":1044.71},{"text":"honest","start":1044.71,"end":1045.15},{"text":"also","start":1045.15,"end":1045.51},{"text":"about","start":1045.51,"end":1045.75},{"text":"its","start":1045.75,"end":1046.07},{"text":"limits.","start":1046.07,"end":1046.63}]},{"text":"Consent alone cannot correct a structural imbalance.","start":1047.19,"end":1050.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Consent","start":1047.19,"end":1047.83},{"text":"alone","start":1047.91,"end":1048.23},{"text":"cannot","start":1048.23,"end":1048.79},{"text":"correct","start":1048.79,"end":1049.43},{"text":"a","start":1049.51,"end":1049.55},{"text":"structural","start":1049.55,"end":1050.15},{"text":"imbalance.","start":1050.15,"end":1050.79}]},{"text":"Financial consideration must be addressed directly.","start":1051.11,"end":1054.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Financial","start":1051.11,"end":1051.79},{"text":"consideration","start":1051.79,"end":1052.63},{"text":"must","start":1052.63,"end":1052.99},{"text":"be","start":1052.99,"end":1053.11},{"text":"addressed","start":1053.11,"end":1053.63},{"text":"directly.","start":1053.67,"end":1054.23}]},{"text":"Who profits from indigenous data?","start":1054.47,"end":1056.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":1054.47,"end":1054.71},{"text":"profits","start":1054.71,"end":1055.43},{"text":"from","start":1055.43,"end":1055.71},{"text":"indigenous","start":1055.71,"end":1056.31},{"text":"data?","start":1056.31,"end":1056.71}]},{"text":"How benefits are shared?","start":1057.11,"end":1058.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"How","start":1057.11,"end":1057.43},{"text":"benefits","start":1057.43,"end":1058.07},{"text":"are","start":1058.07,"end":1058.23},{"text":"shared?","start":1058.23,"end":1058.71}]},{"text":"And who funds the indigenous institutions that are expected to govern those processes?","start":1058.87,"end":1064.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1058.87,"end":1059.03},{"text":"who","start":1059.03,"end":1059.23},{"text":"funds","start":1059.23,"end":1059.83},{"text":"the","start":1059.83,"end":1059.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":1059.95,"end":1060.63},{"text":"institutions","start":1060.63,"end":1061.43},{"text":"that","start":1061.43,"end":1061.59},{"text":"are","start":1061.59,"end":1061.83},{"text":"expected","start":1061.87,"end":1062.59},{"text":"to","start":1062.59,"end":1062.87},{"text":"govern","start":1062.87,"end":1063.27},{"text":"those","start":1063.27,"end":1063.51},{"text":"processes?","start":1063.51,"end":1064.15}]},{"text":"Third, our ethical and legal grounding exist already, thankfully, but its implementation needs reinforcement.","start":1065.35,"end":1074.63,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":1065.35,"end":1065.83},{"text":"our","start":1066.23,"end":1066.39},{"text":"ethical","start":1066.39,"end":1067.11},{"text":"and","start":1067.43,"end":1067.99},{"text":"legal","start":1067.99,"end":1068.43},{"text":"grounding","start":1068.43,"end":1068.95},{"text":"exist","start":1069.11,"end":1069.75},{"text":"already,","start":1069.75,"end":1070.31},{"text":"thankfully,","start":1070.51,"end":1071.03},{"text":"but","start":1071.75,"end":1071.99},{"text":"its","start":1072.07,"end":1072.35},{"text":"implementation","start":1072.35,"end":1073.27},{"text":"needs","start":1073.35,"end":1073.75},{"text":"reinforcement.","start":1073.75,"end":1074.63}]},{"text":"The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples establishes the right to self-determination, to free, prior, and informed consent, and to control over cultural heritage and traditional knowledge.","start":1075.23,"end":1085.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1075.23,"end":1075.35},{"text":"United","start":1075.35,"end":1075.75},{"text":"Nations","start":1075.75,"end":1075.99},{"text":"Declaration","start":1075.99,"end":1076.59},{"text":"on","start":1076.59,"end":1076.67},{"text":"the","start":1076.67,"end":1076.75},{"text":"Rights","start":1076.75,"end":1077.03},{"text":"of","start":1077.03,"end":1077.11},{"text":"Indigenous","start":1077.11,"end":1077.55},{"text":"Peoples","start":1077.55,"end":1078.03},{"text":"establishes","start":1078.03,"end":1078.71},{"text":"the","start":1078.71,"end":1078.79},{"text":"right","start":1078.79,"end":1079.03},{"text":"to","start":1079.03,"end":1079.15},{"text":"self-determination,","start":1079.15,"end":1080.11},{"text":"to","start":1080.43,"end":1080.59},{"text":"free,","start":1080.59,"end":1080.99},{"text":"prior,","start":1081.03,"end":1081.47},{"text":"and","start":1081.47,"end":1081.59},{"text":"informed","start":1081.59,"end":1081.87},{"text":"consent,","start":1081.87,"end":1082.43},{"text":"and","start":1082.43,"end":1082.63},{"text":"to","start":1082.63,"end":1082.71},{"text":"control","start":1082.71,"end":1083.11},{"text":"over","start":1083.11,"end":1083.39},{"text":"cultural","start":1083.39,"end":1083.83},{"text":"heritage","start":1083.83,"end":1084.51},{"text":"and","start":1084.59,"end":1084.79},{"text":"traditional","start":1084.79,"end":1085.27},{"text":"knowledge.","start":1085.27,"end":1085.79}]},{"text":"Indigenous data sovereignty and the right of indigenous peoples to exercise self-determination over the knowledge, their data, and cultures follows directly from these rights.","start":1086.11,"end":1096.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":1086.11,"end":1086.75},{"text":"data","start":1086.75,"end":1087.03},{"text":"sovereignty","start":1087.03,"end":1087.71},{"text":"and","start":1087.99,"end":1088.15},{"text":"the","start":1088.15,"end":1088.23},{"text":"right","start":1088.23,"end":1088.67},{"text":"of","start":1088.67,"end":1088.83},{"text":"indigenous","start":1088.83,"end":1089.31},{"text":"peoples","start":1089.31,"end":1089.71},{"text":"to","start":1089.71,"end":1089.87},{"text":"exercise","start":1089.87,"end":1090.55},{"text":"self-determination","start":1090.55,"end":1091.51},{"text":"over","start":1091.51,"end":1091.71},{"text":"the","start":1091.71,"end":1091.83},{"text":"knowledge,","start":1091.87,"end":1092.43},{"text":"their","start":1092.43,"end":1092.83},{"text":"data,","start":1092.83,"end":1093.19},{"text":"and","start":1093.19,"end":1093.39},{"text":"cultures","start":1093.39,"end":1094.03},{"text":"follows","start":1094.03,"end":1094.67},{"text":"directly","start":1094.67,"end":1095.15},{"text":"from","start":1095.15,"end":1095.39},{"text":"these","start":1095.39,"end":1095.63},{"text":"rights.","start":1095.63,"end":1096.07}]},{"text":"Rights include also access, access to the benefits of those technologies, including therapeutic neurotechnologies, and access to the forums where decisions are made.","start":1096.87,"end":1106.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. 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They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":1151.23,"end":1151.51},{"text":"communities","start":1151.51,"end":1152.11},{"text":"are","start":1152.11,"end":1152.31},{"text":"less","start":1152.31,"end":1152.59},{"text":"protected","start":1152.59,"end":1153.07},{"text":"than","start":1153.07,"end":1153.31},{"text":"others.","start":1153.39,"end":1153.79}]},{"text":"And unequal digital access compound this exclusion.","start":1154.23,"end":1157.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. 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They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1179.35,"end":1179.51},{"text":"must","start":1179.51,"end":1180.07},{"text":"Take","start":1180.35,"end":1180.67},{"text":"this","start":1180.67,"end":1180.99},{"text":"task","start":1181.63,"end":1182.43},{"text":"with","start":1182.83,"end":1183.23},{"text":"and","start":1183.39,"end":1183.55},{"text":"pursue","start":1183.55,"end":1184.11},{"text":"it","start":1184.11,"end":1184.43},{"text":"with","start":1184.43,"end":1184.67},{"text":"epistemic","start":1184.75,"end":1185.39},{"text":"humility","start":1185.39,"end":1186.03},{"text":"and","start":1186.27,"end":1186.47},{"text":"share","start":1186.47,"end":1186.91},{"text":"standards","start":1186.99,"end":1187.87},{"text":"that","start":1188.11,"end":1188.35},{"text":"must","start":1188.35,"end":1188.75},{"text":"include","start":1188.75,"end":1189.31},{"text":"shared","start":1189.31,"end":1189.71},{"text":"governance,","start":1189.71,"end":1190.43},{"text":"not","start":1190.43,"end":1190.67},{"text":"only","start":1190.67,"end":1191.31},{"text":"technical","start":1191.71,"end":1192.19},{"text":"protocols.","start":1192.19,"end":1192.91}]},{"text":"Fifth, and this is the unresolved institutional gap.","start":1193.71,"end":1197.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fifth,","start":1193.71,"end":1194.19},{"text":"and","start":1194.35,"end":1194.55},{"text":"this","start":1194.55,"end":1194.75},{"text":"is","start":1194.75,"end":1194.99},{"text":"the","start":1195.07,"end":1195.27},{"text":"unresolved","start":1195.39,"end":1196.19},{"text":"institutional","start":1196.19,"end":1196.91},{"text":"gap.","start":1196.91,"end":1197.31}]},{"text":"We welcome the UNESCO recommendation on ethics of neurotechnology and the work of the World Health Organization and the OECD and the new United Nations bodies on artificial intelligence.","start":1197.87,"end":1208.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1197.87,"end":1198.11},{"text":"welcome","start":1198.11,"end":1198.51},{"text":"the","start":1198.51,"end":1198.67},{"text":"UNESCO","start":1198.67,"end":1199.15},{"text":"recommendation","start":1199.15,"end":1199.95},{"text":"on","start":1199.95,"end":1200.27},{"text":"ethics","start":1200.27,"end":1200.83},{"text":"of","start":1200.83,"end":1200.99},{"text":"neurotechnology","start":1200.99,"end":1201.95},{"text":"and","start":1202.19,"end":1202.39},{"text":"the","start":1202.39,"end":1202.51},{"text":"work","start":1202.51,"end":1202.83},{"text":"of","start":1202.83,"end":1202.99},{"text":"the","start":1202.99,"end":1203.07},{"text":"World","start":1203.07,"end":1203.31},{"text":"Health","start":1203.31,"end":1203.51},{"text":"Organization","start":1203.51,"end":1204.35},{"text":"and","start":1204.35,"end":1204.47},{"text":"the","start":1204.47,"end":1204.55},{"text":"OECD","start":1204.59,"end":1205.31},{"text":"and","start":1205.55,"end":1205.75},{"text":"the","start":1205.75,"end":1205.83},{"text":"new","start":1205.87,"end":1206.03},{"text":"United","start":1206.03,"end":1206.43},{"text":"Nations","start":1206.43,"end":1206.83},{"text":"bodies","start":1206.83,"end":1207.15},{"text":"on","start":1207.15,"end":1207.23},{"text":"artificial","start":1207.23,"end":1207.75},{"text":"intelligence.","start":1207.75,"end":1208.43}]},{"text":"But despite these efforts, protections against neurotechnology colonialism remain insufficient.","start":1208.91,"end":1218.19,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":1208.91,"end":1209.07},{"text":"despite","start":1209.07,"end":1209.71},{"text":"these","start":1209.71,"end":1210.03},{"text":"efforts,","start":1210.03,"end":1210.59},{"text":"protections","start":1212.19,"end":1212.87},{"text":"against","start":1212.87,"end":1213.31},{"text":"neurotechnology","start":1213.31,"end":1214.27},{"text":"colonialism","start":1214.35,"end":1215.39},{"text":"remain","start":1215.47,"end":1216.11},{"text":"insufficient.","start":1216.19,"end":1218.19}]},{"text":"The rollout of these instruments is being decided now.","start":1218.99,"end":1222.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1218.99,"end":1219.19},{"text":"rollout","start":1219.19,"end":1219.79},{"text":"of","start":1219.79,"end":1219.95},{"text":"these","start":1219.95,"end":1220.11},{"text":"instruments","start":1220.11,"end":1220.83},{"text":"is","start":1221.07,"end":1221.27},{"text":"being","start":1221.27,"end":1221.43},{"text":"decided","start":1221.43,"end":1222.11},{"text":"now.","start":1222.19,"end":1222.51}]},{"text":"And this, I think, addresses your question directly.","start":1222.87,"end":1225.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1222.87,"end":1223.03},{"text":"this,","start":1223.03,"end":1223.23},{"text":"I","start":1223.31,"end":1223.35},{"text":"think,","start":1223.35,"end":1223.59},{"text":"addresses","start":1223.87,"end":1224.39},{"text":"your","start":1224.39,"end":1224.51},{"text":"question","start":1224.51,"end":1224.91},{"text":"directly.","start":1224.91,"end":1225.47}]},{"text":"It is now the time to act.","start":1226.19,"end":1228.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1226.19,"end":1226.35},{"text":"is","start":1226.35,"end":1226.59},{"text":"now","start":1226.67,"end":1227.15},{"text":"the","start":1227.15,"end":1227.27},{"text":"time","start":1227.27,"end":1227.63},{"text":"to","start":1227.63,"end":1227.87},{"text":"act.","start":1227.87,"end":1228.43}]},{"text":"Once these documents and these procedures and protocols are in place, it will be very difficult to change them.","start":1228.75,"end":1235.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Once","start":1228.75,"end":1229.27},{"text":"these","start":1229.27,"end":1229.63},{"text":"documents","start":1229.63,"end":1230.27},{"text":"and","start":1230.35,"end":1230.55},{"text":"these","start":1230.55,"end":1230.67},{"text":"procedures","start":1230.67,"end":1231.39},{"text":"and","start":1231.39,"end":1231.55},{"text":"protocols","start":1231.55,"end":1232.27},{"text":"are","start":1232.27,"end":1232.39},{"text":"in","start":1232.39,"end":1232.51},{"text":"place,","start":1232.51,"end":1232.83},{"text":"it","start":1232.83,"end":1232.99},{"text":"will","start":1232.99,"end":1233.23},{"text":"be","start":1233.23,"end":1233.39},{"text":"very","start":1233.39,"end":1233.87},{"text":"difficult","start":1233.87,"end":1234.43},{"text":"to","start":1234.43,"end":1234.51},{"text":"change","start":1234.51,"end":1234.91},{"text":"them.","start":1234.91,"end":1235.15}]},{"text":"We therefore respectfully call member states and standard setting bodies to, first, secure indigenous participation with equal authority immediately when mandates, membership, and procedures of new AI and new technologies bodies are defined.","start":1236.07,"end":1254.87,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1236.07,"end":1236.31},{"text":"therefore","start":1236.31,"end":1236.75},{"text":"respectfully","start":1236.75,"end":1237.51},{"text":"call","start":1237.51,"end":1237.83},{"text":"member","start":1237.83,"end":1238.23},{"text":"states","start":1238.23,"end":1239.11},{"text":"and","start":1239.19,"end":1239.51},{"text":"standard","start":1239.75,"end":1240.31},{"text":"setting","start":1240.31,"end":1240.75},{"text":"bodies","start":1240.75,"end":1241.35},{"text":"to,","start":1242.23,"end":1242.47},{"text":"first,","start":1242.71,"end":1243.35},{"text":"secure","start":1243.91,"end":1244.47},{"text":"indigenous","start":1244.47,"end":1245.11},{"text":"participation","start":1245.11,"end":1245.91},{"text":"with","start":1245.91,"end":1246.15},{"text":"equal","start":1246.15,"end":1246.71},{"text":"authority","start":1246.71,"end":1247.51},{"text":"immediately","start":1247.51,"end":1248.31},{"text":"when","start":1248.67,"end":1248.95},{"text":"mandates,","start":1248.95,"end":1249.67},{"text":"membership,","start":1249.67,"end":1250.31},{"text":"and","start":1250.39,"end":1250.55},{"text":"procedures","start":1250.55,"end":1251.19},{"text":"of","start":1251.19,"end":1251.35},{"text":"new","start":1251.43,"end":1252.07},{"text":"AI","start":1252.31,"end":1252.59},{"text":"and","start":1252.59,"end":1252.75},{"text":"new","start":1252.75,"end":1252.87},{"text":"technologies","start":1252.87,"end":1253.59},{"text":"bodies","start":1253.59,"end":1254.07},{"text":"are","start":1254.07,"end":1254.27},{"text":"defined.","start":1254.27,"end":1254.87}]},{"text":"Second, to extend indigenous data sovereignty explicitly to narrow data and narrow AI, to develop Adapted consent mechanisms, including collective decision making and standing right to withdraw across the entire data cycle and AI life cycle.","start":1255.35,"end":1274.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":1255.35,"end":1255.67},{"text":"to","start":1256.23,"end":1256.31},{"text":"extend","start":1256.31,"end":1256.87},{"text":"indigenous","start":1256.95,"end":1257.59},{"text":"data","start":1257.59,"end":1257.83},{"text":"sovereignty","start":1257.83,"end":1258.39},{"text":"explicitly","start":1258.39,"end":1259.51},{"text":"to","start":1259.51,"end":1259.67},{"text":"narrow","start":1259.67,"end":1260.07},{"text":"data","start":1260.07,"end":1260.59},{"text":"and","start":1260.59,"end":1260.83},{"text":"narrow","start":1260.83,"end":1261.11},{"text":"AI,","start":1261.35,"end":1261.67},{"text":"to","start":1262.63,"end":1262.79},{"text":"develop","start":1262.79,"end":1263.51},{"text":"Adapted","start":1264.03,"end":1264.55},{"text":"consent","start":1264.55,"end":1265.07},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":1265.07,"end":1265.87},{"text":"including","start":1265.87,"end":1266.35},{"text":"collective","start":1266.35,"end":1266.99},{"text":"decision","start":1266.99,"end":1267.55},{"text":"making","start":1267.55,"end":1268.03},{"text":"and","start":1268.35,"end":1268.79},{"text":"standing","start":1268.83,"end":1269.31},{"text":"right","start":1269.31,"end":1269.59},{"text":"to","start":1269.59,"end":1269.67},{"text":"withdraw","start":1269.67,"end":1270.27},{"text":"across","start":1270.35,"end":1270.95},{"text":"the","start":1270.95,"end":1271.03},{"text":"entire","start":1271.03,"end":1271.63},{"text":"data","start":1272.11,"end":1272.47},{"text":"cycle","start":1272.47,"end":1272.99},{"text":"and","start":1273.07,"end":1273.35},{"text":"AI","start":1273.55,"end":1273.79},{"text":"life","start":1273.95,"end":1274.19},{"text":"cycle.","start":1274.19,"end":1274.67}]},{"text":"To write sovereignty into operational rules and accountability, oversight, audit, and benefit sharing.","start":1275.71,"end":1281.95,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1275.71,"end":1275.83},{"text":"write","start":1275.83,"end":1276.19},{"text":"sovereignty","start":1276.19,"end":1276.99},{"text":"into","start":1276.99,"end":1277.27},{"text":"operational","start":1277.27,"end":1277.87},{"text":"rules","start":1277.87,"end":1278.23},{"text":"and","start":1278.23,"end":1278.39},{"text":"accountability,","start":1278.39,"end":1279.31},{"text":"oversight,","start":1279.39,"end":1280.19},{"text":"audit,","start":1280.35,"end":1280.91},{"text":"and","start":1280.91,"end":1281.11},{"text":"benefit","start":1281.11,"end":1281.55},{"text":"sharing.","start":1281.55,"end":1281.95}]},{"text":"To recognize Indigenous peoples organizations as core regulator rather than stakeholders, drawing on models such as the permanent participants of the Arctic Council.","start":1282.75,"end":1291.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1282.75,"end":1282.83},{"text":"recognize","start":1282.83,"end":1283.47},{"text":"Indigenous","start":1283.47,"end":1283.95},{"text":"peoples","start":1283.95,"end":1284.27},{"text":"organizations","start":1284.27,"end":1285.07},{"text":"as","start":1285.07,"end":1285.15},{"text":"core","start":1285.23,"end":1285.67},{"text":"regulator","start":1285.67,"end":1286.55},{"text":"rather","start":1286.55,"end":1286.83},{"text":"than","start":1286.83,"end":1287.07},{"text":"stakeholders,","start":1287.07,"end":1287.95},{"text":"drawing","start":1288.27,"end":1288.75},{"text":"on","start":1288.75,"end":1288.91},{"text":"models","start":1288.91,"end":1289.31},{"text":"such","start":1289.31,"end":1289.51},{"text":"as","start":1289.51,"end":1289.59},{"text":"the","start":1289.59,"end":1289.71},{"text":"permanent","start":1289.71,"end":1290.11},{"text":"participants","start":1290.11,"end":1290.79},{"text":"of","start":1290.79,"end":1290.87},{"text":"the","start":1290.87,"end":1290.95},{"text":"Arctic","start":1290.95,"end":1291.35},{"text":"Council.","start":1291.35,"end":1291.79}]},{"text":"Invest on digital access in indigenous institutions that make existing legal recognitions real.","start":1292.99,"end":1298.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"Invest","start":1292.99,"end":1293.55},{"text":"on","start":1293.55,"end":1293.71},{"text":"digital","start":1293.71,"end":1294.11},{"text":"access","start":1294.19,"end":1294.67},{"text":"in","start":1294.67,"end":1294.79},{"text":"indigenous","start":1294.79,"end":1295.39},{"text":"institutions","start":1295.39,"end":1296.07},{"text":"that","start":1296.07,"end":1296.27},{"text":"make","start":1296.27,"end":1296.51},{"text":"existing","start":1296.51,"end":1297.11},{"text":"legal","start":1297.11,"end":1297.55},{"text":"recognitions","start":1297.55,"end":1298.35},{"text":"real.","start":1298.51,"end":1298.99}]},{"text":"Chair, let me return to where I began.","start":1300.11,"end":1302.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":1300.11,"end":1300.51},{"text":"let","start":1300.83,"end":1301.07},{"text":"me","start":1301.07,"end":1301.19},{"text":"return","start":1301.19,"end":1301.63},{"text":"to","start":1301.63,"end":1301.75},{"text":"where","start":1301.75,"end":1301.95},{"text":"I","start":1301.95,"end":1302.03},{"text":"began.","start":1302.03,"end":1302.43}]},{"text":"Indigenous people have long safeguarded the natural resources on which all humanity depends.","start":1302.91,"end":1308.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":1302.91,"end":1303.47},{"text":"people","start":1303.47,"end":1304.35},{"text":"have","start":1304.51,"end":1304.83},{"text":"long","start":1304.83,"end":1305.07},{"text":"safeguarded","start":1305.07,"end":1305.71},{"text":"the","start":1305.71,"end":1305.79},{"text":"natural","start":1305.79,"end":1306.27},{"text":"resources","start":1306.27,"end":1306.91},{"text":"on","start":1306.91,"end":1307.03},{"text":"which","start":1307.03,"end":1307.31},{"text":"all","start":1307.39,"end":1307.55},{"text":"humanity","start":1307.55,"end":1308.11},{"text":"depends.","start":1308.11,"end":1308.67}]},{"text":"In the age of artificial intelligence, they are safeguarding something equally precious, our choice and control, our ability to give meaning to data and to hold wisdom.","start":1309.15,"end":1319.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1309.15,"end":1309.31},{"text":"the","start":1309.31,"end":1309.43},{"text":"age","start":1309.43,"end":1309.79},{"text":"of","start":1309.79,"end":1309.95},{"text":"artificial","start":1309.95,"end":1310.47},{"text":"intelligence,","start":1310.47,"end":1311.15},{"text":"they","start":1311.15,"end":1311.31},{"text":"are","start":1311.31,"end":1311.39},{"text":"safeguarding","start":1311.39,"end":1312.15},{"text":"something","start":1312.15,"end":1312.67},{"text":"equally","start":1312.67,"end":1313.19},{"text":"precious,","start":1313.19,"end":1313.79},{"text":"our","start":1314.19,"end":1314.35},{"text":"choice","start":1314.35,"end":1314.83},{"text":"and","start":1314.95,"end":1315.07},{"text":"control,","start":1315.07,"end":1315.55},{"text":"our","start":1316.03,"end":1316.19},{"text":"ability","start":1316.19,"end":1316.75},{"text":"to","start":1316.75,"end":1316.91},{"text":"give","start":1316.91,"end":1317.15},{"text":"meaning","start":1317.15,"end":1317.47},{"text":"to","start":1317.47,"end":1317.63},{"text":"data","start":1317.63,"end":1318.15},{"text":"and","start":1318.15,"end":1318.31},{"text":"to","start":1318.31,"end":1318.39},{"text":"hold","start":1318.39,"end":1318.75},{"text":"wisdom.","start":1318.75,"end":1319.23}]},{"text":"to hold wisdom in what we create, the networks we create, the predictions we make, and the learning that we do with our AI techniques.","start":1320.83,"end":1328.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."}],"words":[{"text":"to","start":1320.83,"end":1320.91},{"text":"hold","start":1320.91,"end":1321.15},{"text":"wisdom","start":1321.15,"end":1321.63},{"text":"in","start":1321.63,"end":1321.91},{"text":"what","start":1321.91,"end":1322.19},{"text":"we","start":1322.19,"end":1322.27},{"text":"create,","start":1322.27,"end":1322.91},{"text":"the","start":1322.91,"end":1323.07},{"text":"networks","start":1323.07,"end":1323.55},{"text":"we","start":1323.55,"end":1323.63},{"text":"create,","start":1323.63,"end":1324.07},{"text":"the","start":1324.07,"end":1324.15},{"text":"predictions","start":1324.15,"end":1324.83},{"text":"we","start":1324.83,"end":1324.99},{"text":"make,","start":1324.99,"end":1325.27},{"text":"and","start":1325.55,"end":1325.75},{"text":"the","start":1325.75,"end":1325.83},{"text":"learning","start":1325.83,"end":1326.31},{"text":"that","start":1326.31,"end":1326.43},{"text":"we","start":1326.43,"end":1326.59},{"text":"do","start":1326.59,"end":1326.75},{"text":"with","start":1326.75,"end":1326.95},{"text":"our","start":1327.07,"end":1327.39},{"text":"AI","start":1327.63,"end":1327.87},{"text":"techniques.","start":1327.87,"end":1328.51}]},{"text":"We believe that Indigenous peoples are the whistleblowers of our time.","start":1329.23,"end":1333.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1329.23,"end":1329.43},{"text":"believe","start":1329.43,"end":1329.79},{"text":"that","start":1329.79,"end":1329.99},{"text":"Indigenous","start":1329.99,"end":1330.51},{"text":"peoples","start":1330.51,"end":1330.83},{"text":"are","start":1330.83,"end":1331.23},{"text":"the","start":1331.39,"end":1331.51},{"text":"whistleblowers","start":1331.51,"end":1332.59},{"text":"of","start":1332.67,"end":1332.91},{"text":"our","start":1332.99,"end":1333.31},{"text":"time.","start":1333.31,"end":1333.71}]},{"text":"They alert us to hold on to our rights and warn us about the dangers ahead.","start":1334.19,"end":1338.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":1334.19,"end":1334.35},{"text":"alert","start":1334.35,"end":1334.83},{"text":"us","start":1334.83,"end":1335.07},{"text":"to","start":1335.07,"end":1335.19},{"text":"hold","start":1335.19,"end":1335.51},{"text":"on","start":1335.51,"end":1335.63},{"text":"to","start":1335.63,"end":1335.79},{"text":"our","start":1335.79,"end":1335.99},{"text":"rights","start":1335.99,"end":1336.43},{"text":"and","start":1336.51,"end":1336.75},{"text":"warn","start":1336.75,"end":1337.19},{"text":"us","start":1337.19,"end":1337.39},{"text":"about","start":1337.55,"end":1337.79},{"text":"the","start":1337.79,"end":1337.91},{"text":"dangers","start":1337.91,"end":1338.47},{"text":"ahead.","start":1338.47,"end":1338.83}]},{"text":"Sadly, they do so out of experience.","start":1339.31,"end":1341.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Sadly,","start":1339.31,"end":1339.79},{"text":"they","start":1339.79,"end":1340.03},{"text":"do","start":1340.03,"end":1340.27},{"text":"so","start":1340.27,"end":1340.59},{"text":"out","start":1340.67,"end":1340.87},{"text":"of","start":1340.87,"end":1340.99},{"text":"experience.","start":1340.99,"end":1341.63}]},{"text":"This year marks the 40th anniversary of the Declaration of the Right to Development.","start":1342.59,"end":1346.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1342.59,"end":1342.91},{"text":"year","start":1342.91,"end":1343.15},{"text":"marks","start":1343.15,"end":1343.39},{"text":"the","start":1343.39,"end":1343.47},{"text":"40th","start":1343.47,"end":1343.79},{"text":"anniversary","start":1343.79,"end":1344.31},{"text":"of","start":1344.31,"end":1344.43},{"text":"the","start":1344.43,"end":1344.51},{"text":"Declaration","start":1344.51,"end":1345.07},{"text":"of","start":1345.07,"end":1345.15},{"text":"the","start":1345.15,"end":1345.23},{"text":"Right","start":1345.23,"end":1345.47},{"text":"to","start":1345.47,"end":1345.55},{"text":"Development.","start":1345.55,"end":1346.15}]},{"text":"Let this anniversary serve as a landmark to celebrate, embrace, and protect indigenous people's rights to development in their own terms, including new technology advances.","start":1346.59,"end":1356.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1346.59,"end":1347.07},{"text":"this","start":1347.07,"end":1347.31},{"text":"anniversary","start":1347.31,"end":1347.95},{"text":"serve","start":1347.95,"end":1348.27},{"text":"as","start":1348.27,"end":1348.39},{"text":"a","start":1348.39,"end":1348.43},{"text":"landmark","start":1348.51,"end":1348.99},{"text":"to","start":1348.99,"end":1349.11},{"text":"celebrate,","start":1349.11,"end":1349.71},{"text":"embrace,","start":1349.71,"end":1350.19},{"text":"and","start":1350.19,"end":1350.39},{"text":"protect","start":1350.39,"end":1350.79},{"text":"indigenous","start":1350.79,"end":1351.23},{"text":"people's","start":1351.23,"end":1351.71},{"text":"rights","start":1351.71,"end":1352.03},{"text":"to","start":1352.27,"end":1352.43},{"text":"development","start":1352.43,"end":1352.99},{"text":"in","start":1352.99,"end":1353.15},{"text":"their","start":1353.15,"end":1353.31},{"text":"own","start":1353.31,"end":1353.47},{"text":"terms,","start":1353.47,"end":1353.95},{"text":"including","start":1354.19,"end":1354.91},{"text":"new","start":1355.15,"end":1355.39},{"text":"technology","start":1355.39,"end":1356.11},{"text":"advances.","start":1356.11,"end":1356.75}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":1357.07,"end":1357.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1357.07,"end":1357.23},{"text":"you","start":1357.23,"end":1357.35},{"text":"very","start":1357.35,"end":1357.51},{"text":"much.","start":1357.63,"end":1357.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"IBI","group":null,"function":"Professor; Co-Lead, Cross-Cultural Working Group","affiliation_full":"IBI"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":1359.59,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=22:40","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, and thank you for all the work that the International Brain Initiative is doing to kind of advance this conversation.","start":1359.59,"end":1366.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1359.59,"end":1359.87},{"text":"you,","start":1359.87,"end":1360.03},{"text":"and","start":1360.11,"end":1360.31},{"text":"thank","start":1360.35,"end":1360.67},{"text":"you","start":1360.67,"end":1360.79},{"text":"for","start":1360.83,"end":1361.03},{"text":"all","start":1361.03,"end":1361.15},{"text":"the","start":1361.15,"end":1361.23},{"text":"work","start":1361.23,"end":1361.55},{"text":"that","start":1361.55,"end":1361.75},{"text":"the","start":1361.75,"end":1361.83},{"text":"International","start":1361.83,"end":1362.83},{"text":"Brain","start":1362.83,"end":1363.15},{"text":"Initiative","start":1363.15,"end":1363.71},{"text":"is","start":1363.71,"end":1363.83},{"text":"doing","start":1363.83,"end":1364.11},{"text":"to","start":1364.11,"end":1364.27},{"text":"kind","start":1364.27,"end":1364.47},{"text":"of","start":1364.47,"end":1364.59},{"text":"advance","start":1364.59,"end":1365.07},{"text":"this","start":1365.07,"end":1365.39},{"text":"conversation.","start":1365.39,"end":1366.19}]},{"text":"Let's see, our next speaker is Mr. Antine Sondi.","start":1369.15,"end":1374.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let's","start":1369.15,"end":1369.43},{"text":"see,","start":1369.43,"end":1369.63},{"text":"our","start":1369.63,"end":1369.79},{"text":"next","start":1369.79,"end":1370.35},{"text":"speaker","start":1370.99,"end":1371.71},{"text":"is","start":1373.15,"end":1373.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":1373.47,"end":1373.79},{"text":"Antine","start":1373.79,"end":1374.19},{"text":"Sondi.","start":1374.19,"end":1374.67}]},{"text":"an indigenous peoples representative from Burkina Faso.","start":1375.47,"end":1378.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"an","start":1375.47,"end":1375.59},{"text":"indigenous","start":1375.59,"end":1376.03},{"text":"peoples","start":1376.03,"end":1376.31},{"text":"representative","start":1376.31,"end":1377.03},{"text":"from","start":1377.03,"end":1377.35},{"text":"Burkina","start":1377.43,"end":1377.95},{"text":"Faso.","start":1377.95,"end":1378.63}]},{"text":"In the Sahel, indigenous peoples face the combined pressures of insecurity, climate change, displacement, and limited recognition of their status as indigenous peoples and their territorial rights.","start":1382.23,"end":1393.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1382.23,"end":1382.39},{"text":"the","start":1382.39,"end":1382.51},{"text":"Sahel,","start":1382.51,"end":1383.11},{"text":"indigenous","start":1383.19,"end":1383.59},{"text":"peoples","start":1383.59,"end":1383.91},{"text":"face","start":1383.91,"end":1384.15},{"text":"the","start":1384.15,"end":1384.23},{"text":"combined","start":1384.23,"end":1384.59},{"text":"pressures","start":1384.59,"end":1385.15},{"text":"of","start":1385.15,"end":1385.35},{"text":"insecurity,","start":1385.35,"end":1386.07},{"text":"climate","start":1386.07,"end":1386.43},{"text":"change,","start":1386.43,"end":1386.91},{"text":"displacement,","start":1386.91,"end":1387.75},{"text":"and","start":1388.55,"end":1388.87},{"text":"limited","start":1388.87,"end":1389.43},{"text":"recognition","start":1389.43,"end":1390.07},{"text":"of","start":1390.07,"end":1390.15},{"text":"their","start":1390.15,"end":1390.39},{"text":"status","start":1390.39,"end":1390.83},{"text":"as","start":1390.83,"end":1390.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":1390.95,"end":1391.35},{"text":"peoples","start":1391.35,"end":1391.75},{"text":"and","start":1391.75,"end":1391.87},{"text":"their","start":1391.87,"end":1391.99},{"text":"territorial","start":1391.99,"end":1392.63},{"text":"rights.","start":1392.63,"end":1393.15}]},{"text":"So my question in that context is, what does the right to development mean to your communities today?","start":1393.15,"end":1398.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1393.15,"end":1393.23},{"text":"my","start":1393.23,"end":1393.35},{"text":"question","start":1393.35,"end":1393.83},{"text":"in","start":1393.83,"end":1393.91},{"text":"that","start":1393.91,"end":1394.07},{"text":"context","start":1394.07,"end":1394.83},{"text":"is,","start":1395.35,"end":1395.71},{"text":"what","start":1395.71,"end":1395.95},{"text":"does","start":1395.95,"end":1396.07},{"text":"the","start":1396.07,"end":1396.15},{"text":"right","start":1396.15,"end":1396.43},{"text":"to","start":1396.43,"end":1396.51},{"text":"development","start":1396.51,"end":1396.99},{"text":"mean","start":1396.99,"end":1397.27},{"text":"to","start":1397.27,"end":1397.35},{"text":"your","start":1397.35,"end":1397.51},{"text":"communities","start":1397.51,"end":1398.11},{"text":"today?","start":1398.11,"end":1398.55}]},{"text":"When development programs and security responses arrive in your territories, are communities being consulted?","start":1399.47,"end":1404.39,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":1399.47,"end":1399.67},{"text":"development","start":1399.67,"end":1400.11},{"text":"programs","start":1400.11,"end":1400.55},{"text":"and","start":1400.55,"end":1400.67},{"text":"security","start":1400.67,"end":1401.03},{"text":"responses","start":1401.03,"end":1401.63},{"text":"arrive","start":1401.63,"end":1401.95},{"text":"in","start":1401.95,"end":1402.07},{"text":"your","start":1402.07,"end":1402.23},{"text":"territories,","start":1402.23,"end":1402.95},{"text":"are","start":1402.95,"end":1403.03},{"text":"communities","start":1403.03,"end":1403.51},{"text":"being","start":1403.51,"end":1403.71},{"text":"consulted?","start":1403.71,"end":1404.39}]},{"text":"And what would self-determined development look like if indigenous peoples were setting the priorities?","start":1404.79,"end":1408.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1404.79,"end":1404.91},{"text":"what","start":1404.91,"end":1405.11},{"text":"would","start":1405.11,"end":1405.23},{"text":"self-determined","start":1405.23,"end":1405.91},{"text":"development","start":1405.91,"end":1406.39},{"text":"look","start":1406.39,"end":1406.59},{"text":"like","start":1406.59,"end":1406.87},{"text":"if","start":1406.87,"end":1406.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":1406.95,"end":1407.43},{"text":"peoples","start":1407.43,"end":1407.79},{"text":"were","start":1407.79,"end":1407.91},{"text":"setting","start":1407.91,"end":1408.23},{"text":"the","start":1408.23,"end":1408.31},{"text":"priorities?","start":1408.31,"end":1408.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":1409.39,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=23:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":1409.39,"end":1412.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1409.39,"end":1409.67},{"text":"you.","start":1412.15,"end":1412.47}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair, experts, distinguished delegates, I'd like to thank you for the opportunity to contribute to this discussion on indigenous peoples and the right to development.","start":1413.67,"end":1427.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":1413.67,"end":1414.11},{"text":"experts,","start":1416.07,"end":1416.75},{"text":"distinguished","start":1417.75,"end":1418.35},{"text":"delegates,","start":1418.35,"end":1419.03},{"text":"I'd","start":1419.43,"end":1419.63},{"text":"like","start":1419.67,"end":1419.83},{"text":"to","start":1419.83,"end":1419.95},{"text":"thank","start":1419.99,"end":1420.39},{"text":"you","start":1420.39,"end":1420.51},{"text":"for","start":1420.51,"end":1420.71},{"text":"the","start":1420.71,"end":1420.83},{"text":"opportunity","start":1420.83,"end":1421.75},{"text":"to","start":1421.75,"end":1421.87},{"text":"contribute","start":1421.91,"end":1422.55},{"text":"to","start":1422.55,"end":1422.63},{"text":"this","start":1422.63,"end":1422.79},{"text":"discussion","start":1422.79,"end":1423.67},{"text":"on","start":1424.67,"end":1424.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":1424.95,"end":1425.67},{"text":"peoples","start":1425.67,"end":1426.31},{"text":"and","start":1426.31,"end":1426.47},{"text":"the","start":1426.47,"end":1426.55},{"text":"right","start":1426.55,"end":1426.83},{"text":"to","start":1426.83,"end":1426.91},{"text":"development.","start":1426.91,"end":1427.67}]},{"text":"Before responding to the question asked of me, I'd like to draw your attention to the situation that's particularly alarming with respect to pastoralist Fulbe communities in the Sahel.","start":1428.59,"end":1442.27,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":1581.23,"end":1581.47},{"text":"must","start":1581.47,"end":1581.79},{"text":"not","start":1581.79,"end":1582.27},{"text":"be","start":1582.27,"end":1582.67},{"text":"collectively","start":1583.55,"end":1584.43},{"text":"suspected","start":1584.43,"end":1585.15},{"text":"or","start":1585.15,"end":1585.31},{"text":"deprived","start":1585.31,"end":1585.95},{"text":"of","start":1585.95,"end":1586.11},{"text":"their","start":1586.11,"end":1586.39},{"text":"rights","start":1586.39,"end":1586.67},{"text":"due","start":1586.67,"end":1586.91},{"text":"to","start":1586.91,"end":1587.07},{"text":"their","start":1587.07,"end":1587.31},{"text":"identity.","start":1587.31,"end":1588.03}]},{"text":"Article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights protects the right to life.","start":1588.91,"end":1595.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":1588.91,"end":1589.47},{"text":"6","start":1589.47,"end":1590.03},{"text":"of","start":1591.55,"end":1591.63},{"text":"the","start":1591.63,"end":1591.83},{"text":"International","start":1591.83,"end":1592.75},{"text":"Covenant","start":1592.75,"end":1593.15},{"text":"on","start":1593.15,"end":1593.23},{"text":"Civil","start":1593.23,"end":1593.43},{"text":"and","start":1593.43,"end":1593.55},{"text":"Political","start":1593.55,"end":1593.95},{"text":"Rights","start":1593.95,"end":1594.11},{"text":"protects","start":1594.11,"end":1594.51},{"text":"the","start":1594.51,"end":1594.59},{"text":"right","start":1594.59,"end":1594.87},{"text":"to","start":1594.87,"end":1594.95},{"text":"life.","start":1594.95,"end":1595.39}]},{"text":"In General Comment 36, the Human Rights Committee sets out the scope of this protection and states obligations.","start":1595.47,"end":1604.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1595.47,"end":1595.79},{"text":"General","start":1596.35,"end":1596.83},{"text":"Comment","start":1596.83,"end":1597.47},{"text":"36,","start":1597.71,"end":1598.75},{"text":"the","start":1598.99,"end":1599.11},{"text":"Human","start":1599.11,"end":1599.39},{"text":"Rights","start":1599.39,"end":1599.63},{"text":"Committee","start":1599.63,"end":1600.35},{"text":"sets","start":1600.43,"end":1600.83},{"text":"out","start":1600.83,"end":1600.99},{"text":"the","start":1600.99,"end":1601.15},{"text":"scope","start":1601.15,"end":1601.71},{"text":"of","start":1601.75,"end":1601.83},{"text":"this","start":1601.83,"end":1602.03},{"text":"protection","start":1602.03,"end":1602.75},{"text":"and","start":1602.75,"end":1603.11},{"text":"states","start":1603.11,"end":1603.55},{"text":"obligations.","start":1603.55,"end":1604.43}]},{"text":"This requires effective protection of civilians, impartial investigations into violations, combating impunity, and respecting human rights in security operations.","start":1604.75,"end":1614.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1604.75,"end":1604.99},{"text":"requires","start":1604.99,"end":1605.55},{"text":"effective","start":1605.55,"end":1606.15},{"text":"protection","start":1606.15,"end":1606.67},{"text":"of","start":1606.67,"end":1606.75},{"text":"civilians,","start":1606.75,"end":1607.43},{"text":"impartial","start":1607.43,"end":1607.99},{"text":"investigations","start":1607.99,"end":1608.83},{"text":"into","start":1608.83,"end":1609.07},{"text":"violations,","start":1609.07,"end":1609.87},{"text":"combating","start":1610.19,"end":1610.83},{"text":"impunity,","start":1610.83,"end":1611.63},{"text":"and","start":1611.63,"end":1611.87},{"text":"respecting","start":1611.87,"end":1612.59},{"text":"human","start":1612.59,"end":1612.95},{"text":"rights","start":1612.95,"end":1613.23},{"text":"in","start":1613.23,"end":1613.43},{"text":"security","start":1613.43,"end":1613.95},{"text":"operations.","start":1613.95,"end":1614.75}]},{"text":"In addition to this violence, there are forced displacement and restrictions on access to land, grazing land, water sources, and transhumance corridors.","start":1615.35,"end":1624.47,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1615.35,"end":1615.43},{"text":"addition","start":1615.43,"end":1615.87},{"text":"to","start":1615.87,"end":1616.11},{"text":"this","start":1616.47,"end":1616.71},{"text":"violence,","start":1616.71,"end":1617.27},{"text":"there","start":1617.27,"end":1617.67},{"text":"are","start":1617.67,"end":1617.75},{"text":"forced","start":1617.75,"end":1618.15},{"text":"displacement","start":1618.15,"end":1618.91},{"text":"and","start":1618.91,"end":1619.03},{"text":"restrictions","start":1619.03,"end":1619.67},{"text":"on","start":1619.67,"end":1619.79},{"text":"access","start":1619.79,"end":1620.23},{"text":"to","start":1620.23,"end":1620.43},{"text":"land,","start":1620.43,"end":1620.95},{"text":"grazing","start":1621.11,"end":1621.67},{"text":"land,","start":1621.67,"end":1622.15},{"text":"water","start":1622.15,"end":1622.55},{"text":"sources,","start":1622.55,"end":1623.07},{"text":"and","start":1623.07,"end":1623.19},{"text":"transhumance","start":1623.19,"end":1623.83},{"text":"corridors.","start":1623.83,"end":1624.47}]},{"text":"The FAO underscores that disturbance or disruption to pastoral routes and difficulties in accessing natural resources worsens the vulnerability of communities.","start":1624.63,"end":1634.47,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1624.63,"end":1624.83},{"text":"FAO","start":1624.83,"end":1625.15},{"text":"underscores","start":1625.15,"end":1625.75},{"text":"that","start":1625.75,"end":1626.03},{"text":"disturbance","start":1626.03,"end":1626.79},{"text":"or","start":1626.79,"end":1626.87},{"text":"disruption","start":1626.87,"end":1627.47},{"text":"to","start":1627.47,"end":1627.59},{"text":"pastoral","start":1627.59,"end":1628.39},{"text":"routes","start":1628.39,"end":1628.79},{"text":"and","start":1629.03,"end":1629.31},{"text":"difficulties","start":1629.31,"end":1630.07},{"text":"in","start":1630.07,"end":1630.23},{"text":"accessing","start":1630.23,"end":1630.79},{"text":"natural","start":1630.79,"end":1631.19},{"text":"resources","start":1631.19,"end":1631.83},{"text":"worsens","start":1632.31,"end":1632.79},{"text":"the","start":1632.79,"end":1632.87},{"text":"vulnerability","start":1632.87,"end":1633.63},{"text":"of","start":1633.63,"end":1633.75},{"text":"communities.","start":1633.75,"end":1634.47}]},{"text":"The right to development cannot become a reality when populations are living in fear, where they're losing their territories.","start":1634.63,"end":1642.15,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1634.63,"end":1634.79},{"text":"right","start":1634.79,"end":1635.07},{"text":"to","start":1635.07,"end":1635.15},{"text":"development","start":1635.19,"end":1635.75},{"text":"cannot","start":1635.75,"end":1636.15},{"text":"become","start":1636.15,"end":1636.55},{"text":"a","start":1636.55,"end":1636.59},{"text":"reality","start":1636.59,"end":1637.07},{"text":"when","start":1637.07,"end":1637.35},{"text":"populations","start":1637.35,"end":1638.11},{"text":"are","start":1638.11,"end":1638.19},{"text":"living","start":1638.19,"end":1638.47},{"text":"in","start":1638.47,"end":1638.59},{"text":"fear,","start":1638.59,"end":1639.19},{"text":"where","start":1640.23,"end":1640.47},{"text":"they're","start":1640.47,"end":1640.67},{"text":"losing","start":1640.67,"end":1641.15},{"text":"their","start":1641.15,"end":1641.27},{"text":"territories.","start":1641.27,"end":1642.15}]},{"text":"or where they are forced to abandon their livelihoods.","start":1643.07,"end":1646.51,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"or","start":1643.07,"end":1643.11},{"text":"where","start":1643.11,"end":1643.39},{"text":"they","start":1643.39,"end":1643.51},{"text":"are","start":1643.51,"end":1643.59},{"text":"forced","start":1643.59,"end":1644.23},{"text":"to","start":1644.23,"end":1644.31},{"text":"abandon","start":1644.43,"end":1645.23},{"text":"their","start":1645.23,"end":1645.55},{"text":"livelihoods.","start":1645.63,"end":1646.51}]},{"text":"The protection of life, dignity and the security of communities must therefore be considered as a fundamental condition for development rather than a secondary issue.","start":1647.39,"end":1660.11,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1647.39,"end":1647.55},{"text":"protection","start":1647.55,"end":1648.11},{"text":"of","start":1648.11,"end":1648.19},{"text":"life,","start":1648.19,"end":1648.75},{"text":"dignity","start":1649.15,"end":1649.95},{"text":"and","start":1650.27,"end":1650.43},{"text":"the","start":1650.43,"end":1650.51},{"text":"security","start":1650.51,"end":1651.11},{"text":"of","start":1651.11,"end":1651.23},{"text":"communities","start":1651.23,"end":1652.19},{"text":"must","start":1652.67,"end":1653.11},{"text":"therefore","start":1653.11,"end":1653.71},{"text":"be","start":1653.71,"end":1653.95},{"text":"considered","start":1653.95,"end":1654.63},{"text":"as","start":1654.63,"end":1654.75},{"text":"a","start":1654.75,"end":1654.79},{"text":"fundamental","start":1654.79,"end":1655.55},{"text":"condition","start":1655.55,"end":1656.07},{"text":"for","start":1656.07,"end":1656.19},{"text":"development","start":1656.19,"end":1656.99},{"text":"rather","start":1656.99,"end":1657.39},{"text":"than","start":1657.39,"end":1657.79},{"text":"a","start":1658.83,"end":1658.91},{"text":"secondary","start":1658.91,"end":1659.63},{"text":"issue.","start":1659.63,"end":1660.11}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, experts, the second difficulty relates to participation of communities in Decisions that determine their future, land use decisions, development projects, conservation initiatives, and some investments can restrict pastoralists’ access to their natural resources without their concerns being sufficiently considered.","start":1664.03,"end":1691.19,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":1664.03,"end":1664.39},{"text":"and","start":1664.39,"end":1664.51},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":1664.51,"end":1665.23},{"text":"experts,","start":1665.23,"end":1666.03},{"text":"the","start":1666.03,"end":1666.19},{"text":"second","start":1666.19,"end":1666.83},{"text":"difficulty","start":1666.99,"end":1667.79},{"text":"relates","start":1667.79,"end":1668.19},{"text":"to","start":1668.19,"end":1668.39},{"text":"participation","start":1668.43,"end":1669.19},{"text":"of","start":1669.19,"end":1669.31},{"text":"communities","start":1669.31,"end":1669.87},{"text":"in","start":1669.87,"end":1670.19},{"text":"Decisions","start":1671.15,"end":1671.75},{"text":"that","start":1671.75,"end":1671.99},{"text":"determine","start":1672.31,"end":1672.91},{"text":"their","start":1672.91,"end":1673.07},{"text":"future,","start":1673.07,"end":1673.67},{"text":"land","start":1673.67,"end":1674.07},{"text":"use","start":1674.07,"end":1674.23},{"text":"decisions,","start":1674.23,"end":1675.03},{"text":"development","start":1675.59,"end":1676.23},{"text":"projects,","start":1676.23,"end":1676.87},{"text":"conservation","start":1677.43,"end":1678.31},{"text":"initiatives,","start":1678.31,"end":1679.03},{"text":"and","start":1679.19,"end":1679.35},{"text":"some","start":1679.35,"end":1679.83},{"text":"investments","start":1680.23,"end":1681.19},{"text":"can","start":1681.99,"end":1682.39},{"text":"restrict","start":1682.39,"end":1683.19},{"text":"pastoralists’","start":1683.67,"end":1684.79},{"text":"access","start":1684.79,"end":1685.27},{"text":"to","start":1685.27,"end":1685.51},{"text":"their","start":1685.59,"end":1685.75},{"text":"natural","start":1685.75,"end":1686.15},{"text":"resources","start":1686.15,"end":1686.95},{"text":"without","start":1687.27,"end":1688.07},{"text":"their","start":1688.07,"end":1688.31},{"text":"concerns","start":1688.31,"end":1689.03},{"text":"being","start":1689.03,"end":1689.59},{"text":"sufficiently","start":1689.59,"end":1690.47},{"text":"considered.","start":1690.47,"end":1691.19}]},{"text":"A fundamental question is therefore raised: how can we speak of the right to development when the people affected cannot define their priorities or truly participate in decisions that will shape their future?","start":1692.63,"end":1705.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":1692.63,"end":1692.64},{"text":"fundamental","start":1692.63,"end":1693.35},{"text":"question","start":1693.35,"end":1693.83},{"text":"is","start":1693.83,"end":1693.91},{"text":"therefore","start":1693.91,"end":1694.43},{"text":"raised:","start":1694.43,"end":1694.79},{"text":"how","start":1694.87,"end":1695.19},{"text":"can","start":1695.19,"end":1695.43},{"text":"we","start":1695.43,"end":1695.51},{"text":"speak","start":1695.51,"end":1695.87},{"text":"of","start":1695.87,"end":1695.99},{"text":"the","start":1695.99,"end":1696.11},{"text":"right","start":1696.11,"end":1696.43},{"text":"to","start":1696.43,"end":1696.51},{"text":"development","start":1696.51,"end":1697.23},{"text":"when","start":1697.23,"end":1697.43},{"text":"the","start":1697.43,"end":1697.59},{"text":"people","start":1697.59,"end":1698.07},{"text":"affected","start":1698.07,"end":1698.63},{"text":"cannot","start":1698.63,"end":1699.23},{"text":"define","start":1699.23,"end":1699.75},{"text":"their","start":1700.07,"end":1700.39},{"text":"priorities","start":1700.39,"end":1701.19},{"text":"or","start":1701.19,"end":1701.63},{"text":"truly","start":1701.91,"end":1702.79},{"text":"participate","start":1702.79,"end":1703.67},{"text":"in","start":1703.67,"end":1703.91},{"text":"decisions","start":1703.91,"end":1704.59},{"text":"that","start":1704.59,"end":1704.79},{"text":"will","start":1704.79,"end":1704.95},{"text":"shape","start":1704.95,"end":1705.19},{"text":"their","start":1705.19,"end":1705.35},{"text":"future?","start":1705.35,"end":1705.83}]},{"text":"The UN Declaration on the Right to Development, adopted by the General Assembly in 1986, recognizes in its first article the right of each person and all peoples to participate in, economic, social, cultural and political development.","start":1706.55,"end":1723.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1706.55,"end":1706.67},{"text":"UN","start":1706.67,"end":1706.95},{"text":"Declaration","start":1706.95,"end":1707.71},{"text":"on","start":1707.71,"end":1707.91},{"text":"the","start":1708.95,"end":1709.11},{"text":"Right","start":1709.11,"end":1709.39},{"text":"to","start":1709.39,"end":1709.47},{"text":"Development,","start":1709.47,"end":1710.31},{"text":"adopted","start":1710.39,"end":1711.03},{"text":"by","start":1711.03,"end":1711.27},{"text":"the","start":1711.27,"end":1711.43},{"text":"General","start":1711.43,"end":1711.79},{"text":"Assembly","start":1711.79,"end":1712.19},{"text":"in","start":1712.19,"end":1712.27},{"text":"1986,","start":1712.27,"end":1713.35},{"text":"recognizes","start":1713.35,"end":1714.07},{"text":"in","start":1714.07,"end":1714.31},{"text":"its","start":1714.31,"end":1714.47},{"text":"first","start":1714.47,"end":1714.79},{"text":"article","start":1714.79,"end":1715.35},{"text":"the","start":1715.59,"end":1715.71},{"text":"right","start":1715.71,"end":1716.15},{"text":"of","start":1716.19,"end":1716.31},{"text":"each","start":1716.87,"end":1717.19},{"text":"person","start":1717.19,"end":1717.63},{"text":"and","start":1717.63,"end":1717.79},{"text":"all","start":1717.79,"end":1717.91},{"text":"peoples","start":1717.91,"end":1718.39},{"text":"to","start":1718.39,"end":1718.51},{"text":"participate","start":1718.51,"end":1719.35},{"text":"in,","start":1719.35,"end":1719.67},{"text":"economic,","start":1720.63,"end":1721.11},{"text":"social,","start":1721.11,"end":1721.55},{"text":"cultural","start":1721.55,"end":1721.95},{"text":"and","start":1721.95,"end":1722.07},{"text":"political","start":1722.07,"end":1722.51},{"text":"development.","start":1722.51,"end":1723.31}]},{"text":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples recognizes the rights to self-determination and autonomy.","start":1724.43,"end":1732.91,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1724.43,"end":1724.55},{"text":"UN","start":1724.67,"end":1725.15},{"text":"Declaration","start":1725.15,"end":1726.55},{"text":"on","start":1726.75,"end":1726.87},{"text":"the","start":1726.87,"end":1726.99},{"text":"Rights","start":1726.99,"end":1727.27},{"text":"of","start":1727.27,"end":1727.39},{"text":"Indigenous","start":1727.39,"end":1727.79},{"text":"Peoples","start":1727.79,"end":1728.27},{"text":"recognizes","start":1728.27,"end":1729.31},{"text":"the","start":1730.03,"end":1730.15},{"text":"rights","start":1730.15,"end":1730.43},{"text":"to","start":1730.43,"end":1730.55},{"text":"self-determination","start":1730.55,"end":1731.87},{"text":"and","start":1732.03,"end":1732.27},{"text":"autonomy.","start":1732.27,"end":1732.91}]},{"text":"These principles must be turned into concrete action through the recognition of community institutions, traditional resource management systems, and the right of communities to determine their own development priorities.","start":1734.83,"end":1751.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1734.83,"end":1735.23},{"text":"principles","start":1735.23,"end":1736.11},{"text":"must","start":1736.19,"end":1736.91},{"text":"be","start":1737.31,"end":1737.55},{"text":"turned","start":1737.55,"end":1738.31},{"text":"into","start":1738.31,"end":1738.67},{"text":"concrete","start":1738.91,"end":1739.55},{"text":"action","start":1739.55,"end":1740.11},{"text":"through","start":1740.35,"end":1740.59},{"text":"the","start":1740.59,"end":1740.71},{"text":"recognition","start":1740.71,"end":1742.07},{"text":"of","start":1742.07,"end":1742.19},{"text":"community","start":1742.19,"end":1742.75},{"text":"institutions,","start":1742.75,"end":1743.55},{"text":"traditional","start":1743.55,"end":1744.27},{"text":"resource","start":1744.51,"end":1744.91},{"text":"management","start":1744.91,"end":1745.47},{"text":"systems,","start":1745.47,"end":1745.95},{"text":"and","start":1745.95,"end":1746.07},{"text":"the","start":1746.07,"end":1746.19},{"text":"right","start":1746.19,"end":1746.51},{"text":"of","start":1746.51,"end":1746.59},{"text":"communities","start":1746.59,"end":1747.19},{"text":"to","start":1747.19,"end":1747.35},{"text":"determine","start":1747.35,"end":1747.91},{"text":"their","start":1747.91,"end":1748.23},{"text":"own","start":1748.23,"end":1748.51},{"text":"development","start":1750.51,"end":1750.99},{"text":"priorities.","start":1750.99,"end":1751.75}]},{"text":"Consultation must not just be a formality that's carried out after decisions are taken, unfortunately.","start":1752.23,"end":1760.07,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Consultation","start":1752.23,"end":1753.27},{"text":"must","start":1753.27,"end":1753.51},{"text":"not","start":1753.51,"end":1753.75},{"text":"just","start":1753.75,"end":1753.99},{"text":"be","start":1753.99,"end":1754.23},{"text":"a","start":1754.31,"end":1754.39},{"text":"formality","start":1754.39,"end":1755.43},{"text":"that's","start":1755.91,"end":1756.31},{"text":"carried","start":1756.87,"end":1757.35},{"text":"out","start":1757.35,"end":1757.59},{"text":"after","start":1757.67,"end":1757.99},{"text":"decisions","start":1757.99,"end":1758.47},{"text":"are","start":1758.47,"end":1758.55},{"text":"taken,","start":1758.55,"end":1759.11},{"text":"unfortunately.","start":1759.11,"end":1760.07}]},{"text":"It must take place sufficiently early to enable communities to understand projects, express their concerns, and to really evaluate decisions.","start":1760.07,"end":1770.23,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1760.07,"end":1760.23},{"text":"must","start":1760.23,"end":1760.71},{"text":"take","start":1761.19,"end":1761.51},{"text":"place","start":1761.51,"end":1761.95},{"text":"sufficiently","start":1761.95,"end":1762.63},{"text":"early","start":1762.67,"end":1762.95},{"text":"to","start":1762.95,"end":1763.15},{"text":"enable","start":1763.15,"end":1763.75},{"text":"communities","start":1763.75,"end":1764.39},{"text":"to","start":1764.39,"end":1764.55},{"text":"understand","start":1764.55,"end":1765.19},{"text":"projects,","start":1765.19,"end":1765.75},{"text":"express","start":1765.75,"end":1766.23},{"text":"their","start":1766.23,"end":1766.39},{"text":"concerns,","start":1766.39,"end":1767.19},{"text":"and","start":1767.91,"end":1768.07},{"text":"to","start":1768.07,"end":1768.19},{"text":"really","start":1768.19,"end":1768.75},{"text":"evaluate","start":1768.75,"end":1769.43},{"text":"decisions.","start":1769.43,"end":1770.23}]},{"text":"Free, prior, and informed consent must be respected in line with applicable international standards.","start":1770.39,"end":1776.79,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Free,","start":1770.39,"end":1770.95},{"text":"prior,","start":1770.95,"end":1771.43},{"text":"and","start":1771.43,"end":1771.79},{"text":"informed","start":1771.79,"end":1772.31},{"text":"consent","start":1772.63,"end":1773.51},{"text":"must","start":1773.51,"end":1773.91},{"text":"be","start":1773.91,"end":1774.07},{"text":"respected","start":1774.07,"end":1774.63},{"text":"in","start":1774.63,"end":1774.79},{"text":"line","start":1774.79,"end":1775.03},{"text":"with","start":1775.03,"end":1775.19},{"text":"applicable","start":1775.19,"end":1775.63},{"text":"international","start":1775.63,"end":1776.19},{"text":"standards.","start":1776.19,"end":1776.79}]},{"text":"Communities must have complete accessible and comprehensible information in languages they understand in order to be able to understand the consequences of projects on their land, their resources, and their future.","start":1777.27,"end":1791.71,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Communities","start":1777.27,"end":1778.07},{"text":"must","start":1778.07,"end":1778.55},{"text":"have","start":1778.55,"end":1778.71},{"text":"complete","start":1778.71,"end":1779.59},{"text":"accessible","start":1780.31,"end":1781.23},{"text":"and","start":1781.23,"end":1781.35},{"text":"comprehensible","start":1781.35,"end":1782.27},{"text":"information","start":1782.27,"end":1782.99},{"text":"in","start":1782.99,"end":1783.15},{"text":"languages","start":1783.15,"end":1783.79},{"text":"they","start":1783.79,"end":1784.11},{"text":"understand","start":1784.11,"end":1784.99},{"text":"in","start":1785.23,"end":1785.43},{"text":"order","start":1785.43,"end":1785.63},{"text":"to","start":1785.63,"end":1785.79},{"text":"be","start":1785.79,"end":1785.95},{"text":"able","start":1785.95,"end":1786.23},{"text":"to","start":1786.23,"end":1786.39},{"text":"understand","start":1786.39,"end":1786.95},{"text":"the","start":1786.95,"end":1787.03},{"text":"consequences","start":1787.03,"end":1787.79},{"text":"of","start":1787.79,"end":1787.95},{"text":"projects","start":1787.95,"end":1788.43},{"text":"on","start":1788.43,"end":1788.67},{"text":"their","start":1788.67,"end":1788.87},{"text":"land,","start":1788.87,"end":1789.47},{"text":"their","start":1789.95,"end":1790.15},{"text":"resources,","start":1790.15,"end":1790.75},{"text":"and","start":1790.75,"end":1790.95},{"text":"their","start":1790.95,"end":1791.07},{"text":"future.","start":1791.07,"end":1791.71}]},{"text":"Development must never become a tool for dispossession, for exclusion, or cultural erasure.","start":1792.51,"end":1798.91,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":1792.51,"end":1793.15},{"text":"must","start":1793.15,"end":1793.35},{"text":"never","start":1793.35,"end":1793.71},{"text":"become","start":1793.71,"end":1794.19},{"text":"a","start":1794.19,"end":1794.23},{"text":"tool","start":1794.23,"end":1794.91},{"text":"for","start":1794.91,"end":1795.35},{"text":"dispossession,","start":1795.35,"end":1796.35},{"text":"for","start":1796.35,"end":1796.55},{"text":"exclusion,","start":1796.55,"end":1797.39},{"text":"or","start":1797.39,"end":1797.55},{"text":"cultural","start":1797.55,"end":1798.19},{"text":"erasure.","start":1798.19,"end":1798.91}]},{"text":"What would real, self-determined development look like for pastoralist communities in the Sahel then?","start":1800.35,"end":1806.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"What","start":1800.35,"end":1800.55},{"text":"would","start":1800.55,"end":1800.87},{"text":"real,","start":1801.19,"end":1801.83},{"text":"self-determined","start":1801.91,"end":1803.07},{"text":"development","start":1803.07,"end":1803.63},{"text":"look","start":1803.63,"end":1803.91},{"text":"like","start":1803.91,"end":1804.23},{"text":"for","start":1804.23,"end":1804.55},{"text":"pastoralist","start":1804.55,"end":1805.11},{"text":"communities","start":1805.11,"end":1805.75},{"text":"in","start":1805.75,"end":1805.87},{"text":"the","start":1805.87,"end":1805.95},{"text":"Sahel","start":1805.95,"end":1806.39},{"text":"then?","start":1806.39,"end":1806.71}]},{"text":"It would guarantee the security of people, the recognition of customary and collective land rights, as well as protection of land, grazing land, water sources, and transhumance corridors.","start":1807.03,"end":1817.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1807.03,"end":1807.19},{"text":"would","start":1807.19,"end":1807.35},{"text":"guarantee","start":1807.35,"end":1807.83},{"text":"the","start":1807.83,"end":1807.91},{"text":"security","start":1807.91,"end":1808.51},{"text":"of","start":1808.51,"end":1808.63},{"text":"people,","start":1808.63,"end":1809.27},{"text":"the","start":1809.27,"end":1809.43},{"text":"recognition","start":1809.43,"end":1810.63},{"text":"of","start":1810.63,"end":1810.79},{"text":"customary","start":1811.43,"end":1811.91},{"text":"and","start":1811.91,"end":1812.03},{"text":"collective","start":1812.03,"end":1812.47},{"text":"land","start":1812.47,"end":1812.79},{"text":"rights,","start":1812.79,"end":1813.19},{"text":"as","start":1813.19,"end":1813.27},{"text":"well","start":1813.27,"end":1813.39},{"text":"as","start":1813.39,"end":1813.51},{"text":"protection","start":1813.51,"end":1814.07},{"text":"of","start":1814.07,"end":1814.15},{"text":"land,","start":1814.15,"end":1814.79},{"text":"grazing","start":1814.87,"end":1815.35},{"text":"land,","start":1815.35,"end":1815.75},{"text":"water","start":1815.75,"end":1816.11},{"text":"sources,","start":1816.11,"end":1816.59},{"text":"and","start":1816.59,"end":1816.75},{"text":"transhumance","start":1816.75,"end":1817.35},{"text":"corridors.","start":1817.35,"end":1817.99}]},{"text":"It would enable communities to access health services and education adapted to their mobility, to accessible veterinary services, and functioning markets.","start":1818.23,"end":1828.39,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1818.23,"end":1818.39},{"text":"would","start":1818.39,"end":1818.59},{"text":"enable","start":1818.59,"end":1819.03},{"text":"communities","start":1819.03,"end":1819.67},{"text":"to","start":1819.67,"end":1819.91},{"text":"access","start":1819.91,"end":1820.47},{"text":"health","start":1820.87,"end":1821.39},{"text":"services","start":1821.39,"end":1822.15},{"text":"and","start":1822.15,"end":1822.35},{"text":"education","start":1822.35,"end":1823.03},{"text":"adapted","start":1823.03,"end":1823.55},{"text":"to","start":1823.55,"end":1823.75},{"text":"their","start":1823.75,"end":1823.91},{"text":"mobility,","start":1823.91,"end":1824.71},{"text":"to","start":1825.11,"end":1825.27},{"text":"accessible","start":1825.31,"end":1825.91},{"text":"veterinary","start":1825.91,"end":1826.47},{"text":"services,","start":1826.47,"end":1827.07},{"text":"and","start":1827.07,"end":1827.19},{"text":"functioning","start":1827.19,"end":1827.75},{"text":"markets.","start":1827.75,"end":1828.39}]},{"text":"pastoralist development initiatives supported by the FAO and partners demonstrate the importance of adapted infrastructure, namely with respect to water sources, livestock markets, and sanitation facilities.","start":1829.35,"end":1842.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"pastoralist","start":1829.35,"end":1830.03},{"text":"development","start":1830.03,"end":1830.55},{"text":"initiatives","start":1830.55,"end":1830.99},{"text":"supported","start":1830.99,"end":1831.39},{"text":"by","start":1831.39,"end":1831.51},{"text":"the","start":1831.51,"end":1831.63},{"text":"FAO","start":1831.63,"end":1832.11},{"text":"and","start":1832.11,"end":1832.47},{"text":"partners","start":1832.47,"end":1833.11},{"text":"demonstrate","start":1833.27,"end":1833.91},{"text":"the","start":1833.91,"end":1834.03},{"text":"importance","start":1834.03,"end":1834.67},{"text":"of","start":1834.67,"end":1834.87},{"text":"adapted","start":1834.87,"end":1835.43},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":1835.43,"end":1836.15},{"text":"namely","start":1836.15,"end":1836.79},{"text":"with","start":1836.87,"end":1837.11},{"text":"respect","start":1837.11,"end":1837.51},{"text":"to","start":1837.51,"end":1837.59},{"text":"water","start":1837.59,"end":1837.91},{"text":"sources,","start":1837.91,"end":1838.47},{"text":"livestock","start":1838.79,"end":1839.23},{"text":"markets,","start":1839.23,"end":1839.83},{"text":"and","start":1839.83,"end":1840.23},{"text":"sanitation","start":1840.63,"end":1841.31},{"text":"facilities.","start":1841.31,"end":1842.15}]},{"text":"In light of this, we have four recommendations, priority recommendations to the mechanism.","start":1842.95,"end":1850.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1842.95,"end":1843.19},{"text":"light","start":1843.19,"end":1843.75},{"text":"of","start":1844.15,"end":1844.47},{"text":"this,","start":1845.11,"end":1845.59},{"text":"we","start":1845.59,"end":1845.91},{"text":"have","start":1845.91,"end":1846.31},{"text":"four","start":1847.11,"end":1847.47},{"text":"recommendations,","start":1847.47,"end":1848.31},{"text":"priority","start":1848.31,"end":1848.71},{"text":"recommendations","start":1848.71,"end":1849.35},{"text":"to","start":1849.35,"end":1849.43},{"text":"the","start":1849.43,"end":1849.55},{"text":"mechanism.","start":1849.55,"end":1850.19}]},{"text":"First, strengthening the consideration of the right to life and security; second, promoting self-determination and effective participation; third, encouraging policies and programs for development drawn up with pastoralist communities; fourth, providing for institutional cooperation between the expert mechanism on the right to development and the expert mechanism on the rights of indigenous peoples to identify obstacles to self-determination and to look at the difficulties faced by pastoralist communities and indigenous groups.","start":1850.39,"end":1888.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":1850.39,"end":1850.71},{"text":"strengthening","start":1850.71,"end":1851.59},{"text":"the","start":1853.15,"end":1853.2},{"text":"consideration","start":1853.55,"end":1854.19},{"text":"of","start":1854.19,"end":1854.27},{"text":"the","start":1854.27,"end":1854.35},{"text":"right","start":1854.35,"end":1854.55},{"text":"to","start":1854.55,"end":1854.63},{"text":"life","start":1854.63,"end":1854.91},{"text":"and","start":1854.91,"end":1855.03},{"text":"security;","start":1855.03,"end":1855.79},{"text":"second,","start":1855.87,"end":1856.35},{"text":"promoting","start":1856.43,"end":1857.03},{"text":"self-determination","start":1857.03,"end":1858.19},{"text":"and","start":1858.19,"end":1858.39},{"text":"effective","start":1858.59,"end":1859.63},{"text":"participation;","start":1859.63,"end":1860.51},{"text":"third,","start":1860.91,"end":1861.31},{"text":"encouraging","start":1861.31,"end":1862.19},{"text":"policies","start":1862.75,"end":1863.27},{"text":"and","start":1863.27,"end":1863.39},{"text":"programs","start":1863.39,"end":1864.11},{"text":"for","start":1864.11,"end":1864.27},{"text":"development","start":1864.27,"end":1864.79},{"text":"drawn","start":1864.79,"end":1865.07},{"text":"up","start":1865.07,"end":1865.23},{"text":"with","start":1865.23,"end":1865.63},{"text":"pastoralist","start":1865.63,"end":1866.43},{"text":"communities;","start":1866.43,"end":1867.15},{"text":"fourth,","start":1867.15,"end":1867.67},{"text":"providing","start":1870.19,"end":1870.63},{"text":"for","start":1870.63,"end":1870.79},{"text":"institutional","start":1870.79,"end":1871.31},{"text":"cooperation","start":1871.31,"end":1871.87},{"text":"between","start":1871.87,"end":1872.35},{"text":"the","start":1872.35,"end":1872.51},{"text":"expert","start":1872.67,"end":1873.11},{"text":"mechanism","start":1873.11,"end":1873.67},{"text":"on","start":1873.67,"end":1873.75},{"text":"the","start":1873.75,"end":1873.83},{"text":"right","start":1873.83,"end":1874.19},{"text":"to","start":1874.43,"end":1874.59},{"text":"development","start":1874.59,"end":1875.15},{"text":"and","start":1875.23,"end":1875.63},{"text":"the","start":1875.87,"end":1875.99},{"text":"expert","start":1876.03,"end":1876.59},{"text":"mechanism","start":1876.59,"end":1877.03},{"text":"on","start":1877.03,"end":1877.11},{"text":"the","start":1877.11,"end":1877.19},{"text":"rights","start":1877.19,"end":1877.47},{"text":"of","start":1877.51,"end":1877.71},{"text":"indigenous","start":1877.87,"end":1878.79},{"text":"peoples","start":1878.79,"end":1879.31},{"text":"to","start":1879.31,"end":1879.51},{"text":"identify","start":1880.83,"end":1881.63},{"text":"obstacles","start":1881.63,"end":1882.15},{"text":"to","start":1882.15,"end":1882.23},{"text":"self-determination","start":1882.23,"end":1883.39},{"text":"and","start":1883.39,"end":1883.51},{"text":"to","start":1883.51,"end":1883.63},{"text":"look","start":1883.63,"end":1883.87},{"text":"at","start":1883.87,"end":1884.03},{"text":"the","start":1884.03,"end":1884.15},{"text":"difficulties","start":1884.15,"end":1884.75},{"text":"faced","start":1884.75,"end":1885.07},{"text":"by","start":1885.07,"end":1885.39},{"text":"pastoralist","start":1885.87,"end":1886.75},{"text":"communities","start":1886.83,"end":1887.63},{"text":"and","start":1887.63,"end":1887.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":1887.95,"end":1888.59},{"text":"groups.","start":1888.59,"end":1888.99}]},{"text":"In conclusion, indigenous peoples are not asking for their future to be decided for them.","start":1890.99,"end":1897.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1890.99,"end":1891.11},{"text":"conclusion,","start":1891.11,"end":1891.87},{"text":"indigenous","start":1892.83,"end":1893.31},{"text":"peoples","start":1893.31,"end":1893.79},{"text":"are","start":1893.87,"end":1894.03},{"text":"not","start":1894.03,"end":1894.35},{"text":"asking","start":1894.35,"end":1894.67},{"text":"for","start":1894.67,"end":1894.91},{"text":"their","start":1894.91,"end":1895.15},{"text":"future","start":1895.15,"end":1895.59},{"text":"to","start":1895.59,"end":1895.79},{"text":"be","start":1895.79,"end":1895.95},{"text":"decided","start":1895.95,"end":1896.59},{"text":"for","start":1896.59,"end":1896.91},{"text":"them.","start":1896.91,"end":1897.15}]},{"text":"They are asking that their rights are recognized, that their voices are heard, and their choices are respected.","start":1897.15,"end":1903.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":1897.15,"end":1897.39},{"text":"are","start":1897.39,"end":1897.67},{"text":"asking","start":1897.67,"end":1898.03},{"text":"that","start":1898.03,"end":1898.27},{"text":"their","start":1898.27,"end":1898.55},{"text":"rights","start":1898.75,"end":1899.23},{"text":"are","start":1899.23,"end":1899.39},{"text":"recognized,","start":1899.39,"end":1899.99},{"text":"that","start":1899.99,"end":1900.19},{"text":"their","start":1900.19,"end":1900.35},{"text":"voices","start":1900.35,"end":1901.15},{"text":"are","start":1901.55,"end":1901.67},{"text":"heard,","start":1901.71,"end":1902.19},{"text":"and","start":1902.19,"end":1902.39},{"text":"their","start":1902.39,"end":1902.51},{"text":"choices","start":1902.51,"end":1902.99},{"text":"are","start":1902.99,"end":1903.11},{"text":"respected.","start":1903.11,"end":1903.71}]},{"text":"We are not rejecting development, we're upholding development based on human dignity, self-determination, justice and the respect of our identities.","start":1903.71,"end":1911.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1903.71,"end":1903.87},{"text":"are","start":1903.87,"end":1903.95},{"text":"not","start":1903.95,"end":1904.27},{"text":"rejecting","start":1904.27,"end":1904.71},{"text":"development,","start":1904.71,"end":1905.31},{"text":"we're","start":1905.31,"end":1905.51},{"text":"upholding","start":1905.63,"end":1906.35},{"text":"development","start":1907.15,"end":1907.67},{"text":"based","start":1907.67,"end":1907.99},{"text":"on","start":1907.99,"end":1908.07},{"text":"human","start":1908.07,"end":1908.47},{"text":"dignity,","start":1908.47,"end":1908.95},{"text":"self-determination,","start":1908.95,"end":1909.91},{"text":"justice","start":1909.91,"end":1910.39},{"text":"and","start":1910.39,"end":1910.55},{"text":"the","start":1910.55,"end":1910.63},{"text":"respect","start":1910.63,"end":1910.99},{"text":"of","start":1910.99,"end":1911.11},{"text":"our","start":1911.11,"end":1911.31},{"text":"identities.","start":1911.31,"end":1911.99}]},{"text":"The right to development must enable our communities to conserve their mobility, to protect their territories, to transmit their knowledge to future generations and to fully contribute to peace and the prosperity of our societies.","start":1911.99,"end":1926.15,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":1926.39,"end":1926.75},{"text":"there","start":1926.75,"end":1926.87},{"text":"cannot","start":1926.87,"end":1927.27},{"text":"be","start":1927.27,"end":1927.35},{"text":"real","start":1927.35,"end":1927.83},{"text":"development","start":1927.83,"end":1928.47},{"text":"without","start":1928.47,"end":1928.79},{"text":"the","start":1928.79,"end":1928.87},{"text":"protection","start":1928.87,"end":1929.39},{"text":"of","start":1929.39,"end":1929.51},{"text":"life,","start":1929.51,"end":1929.99},{"text":"without","start":1930.47,"end":1930.87},{"text":"security,","start":1930.87,"end":1931.75},{"text":"without","start":1931.91,"end":1932.31},{"text":"effective","start":1932.31,"end":1932.71},{"text":"participation","start":1932.71,"end":1933.43},{"text":"and","start":1933.43,"end":1933.55},{"text":"without","start":1933.55,"end":1933.83},{"text":"the","start":1933.83,"end":1933.91},{"text":"respect","start":1933.91,"end":1934.31},{"text":"of","start":1934.31,"end":1934.39},{"text":"human","start":1934.39,"end":1934.71},{"text":"rights.","start":1934.71,"end":1935.11}]},{"text":"Nothing about us without us.","start":1935.75,"end":1937.59,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Nothing","start":1935.75,"end":1936.15},{"text":"about","start":1936.15,"end":1936.63},{"text":"us","start":1936.63,"end":1936.83},{"text":"without","start":1936.83,"end":1937.39},{"text":"us.","start":1937.39,"end":1937.59}]},{"text":"No sustainable development can be without the recognition of our rights, the protection of our lives, and the respect of our self-determination.","start":1937.83,"end":1946.47,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":1937.83,"end":1938.23},{"text":"sustainable","start":1938.23,"end":1939.11},{"text":"development","start":1939.11,"end":1940.23},{"text":"can","start":1940.55,"end":1940.71},{"text":"be","start":1940.71,"end":1941.03},{"text":"without","start":1941.03,"end":1941.35},{"text":"the","start":1941.35,"end":1941.43},{"text":"recognition","start":1941.43,"end":1942.07},{"text":"of","start":1942.07,"end":1942.15},{"text":"our","start":1942.15,"end":1942.27},{"text":"rights,","start":1942.55,"end":1943.11},{"text":"the","start":1943.11,"end":1943.19},{"text":"protection","start":1943.19,"end":1943.75},{"text":"of","start":1943.75,"end":1943.91},{"text":"our","start":1943.91,"end":1943.99},{"text":"lives,","start":1943.99,"end":1944.47},{"text":"and","start":1944.47,"end":1944.67},{"text":"the","start":1944.67,"end":1944.75},{"text":"respect","start":1944.75,"end":1945.19},{"text":"of","start":1945.19,"end":1945.27},{"text":"our","start":1945.27,"end":1945.35},{"text":"self-determination.","start":1945.35,"end":1946.47}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":1946.47,"end":1947.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1946.47,"end":1946.75},{"text":"you","start":1946.75,"end":1946.83},{"text":"very","start":1946.83,"end":1947.03},{"text":"much.","start":1947.03,"end":1947.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"BFA","group":null,"function":"Indigenous Peoples Representative","affiliation_full":"Burkina Faso"}},{"statement_number":8,"start":1952.03,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=32:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Sondi.","start":1952.03,"end":1953.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1952.03,"end":1952.23},{"text":"you,","start":1952.23,"end":1952.31},{"text":"Mr.","start":1952.31,"end":1952.63},{"text":"Sondi.","start":1952.63,"end":1953.07}]},{"text":"Yeah, it's a very sad situation in the Sahel with the pastoralists, and I think it's a good example of Development gone bad, most of it has to do with critical minerals.","start":1954.43,"end":1966.51,"topics":[{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. 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Velarde actually mentioned some facts and figures that she got from one of the last reports of DOSIP, so the floor is 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Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":9,"start":2060.87,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=34:21","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2060.87,"end":2061.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2060.87,"end":2061.11},{"text":"you","start":2061.11,"end":2061.19},{"text":"very","start":2061.19,"end":2061.43},{"text":"much.","start":2061.43,"end":2061.83}]},{"text":"The question about indigenous peoples participating to development is not whether indigenous peoples participate in development, because in many places they are usually consulted, invited to workshops.","start":2063.27,"end":2075.83,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2112.71,"end":2113.03},{"text":"too","start":2113.35,"end":2113.59},{"text":"often,","start":2113.59,"end":2114.07},{"text":"in","start":2114.15,"end":2114.35},{"text":"practice,","start":2114.35,"end":2115.03},{"text":"indigenous","start":2115.35,"end":2115.87},{"text":"peoples","start":2115.87,"end":2116.23},{"text":"are","start":2116.23,"end":2116.35},{"text":"brought","start":2116.35,"end":2116.71},{"text":"in","start":2116.71,"end":2117.03},{"text":"after","start":2117.03,"end":2117.35},{"text":"the","start":2117.39,"end":2117.51},{"text":"essential","start":2117.75,"end":2118.39},{"text":"choices","start":2118.39,"end":2119.19},{"text":"have","start":2119.67,"end":2119.91},{"text":"already","start":2119.91,"end":2120.27},{"text":"been","start":2120.27,"end":2120.47},{"text":"made,","start":2120.47,"end":2120.79},{"text":"where","start":2121.23,"end":2121.47},{"text":"the","start":2121.47,"end":2121.59},{"text":"dam","start":2121.59,"end":2121.99},{"text":"will","start":2121.99,"end":2122.15},{"text":"be","start":2122.15,"end":2122.47},{"text":"built,","start":2123.03,"end":2123.51},{"text":"which","start":2123.83,"end":2124.31},{"text":"territory","start":2124.31,"end":2125.03},{"text":"will","start":2125.03,"end":2125.19},{"text":"be","start":2125.19,"end":2125.35},{"text":"concessioned,","start":2125.35,"end":2126.15},{"text":"what","start":2126.79,"end":2127.07},{"text":"the","start":2127.07,"end":2127.23},{"text":"financing","start":2127.23,"end":2128.43},{"text":"structure","start":2128.43,"end":2128.91},{"text":"will","start":2128.91,"end":2129.07},{"text":"be","start":2129.07,"end":2129.31},{"text":"or","start":2129.31,"end":2129.43},{"text":"whether","start":2129.43,"end":2129.83},{"text":"relocation","start":2129.83,"end":2130.39},{"text":"is","start":2130.39,"end":2130.51},{"text":"already","start":2130.51,"end":2130.83},{"text":"considered","start":2130.83,"end":2131.39},{"text":"inevitable.","start":2131.71,"end":2132.51}]},{"text":"That is not participation, it is notification.","start":2133.47,"end":2138.03,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2133.47,"end":2133.87},{"text":"is","start":2134.27,"end":2134.59},{"text":"not","start":2134.59,"end":2134.83},{"text":"participation,","start":2134.83,"end":2135.63},{"text":"it","start":2136.59,"end":2136.75},{"text":"is","start":2136.75,"end":2136.99},{"text":"notification.","start":2136.99,"end":2138.03}]},{"text":"The documentation held by my organization, DOSIP, makes this pattern visible.","start":2138.83,"end":2144.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2138.83,"end":2139.07},{"text":"documentation","start":2139.07,"end":2140.03},{"text":"held","start":2140.03,"end":2140.31},{"text":"by","start":2140.31,"end":2140.51},{"text":"my","start":2140.67,"end":2140.91},{"text":"organization,","start":2140.91,"end":2141.63},{"text":"DOSIP,","start":2141.63,"end":2142.43},{"text":"makes","start":2142.51,"end":2142.87},{"text":"this","start":2142.87,"end":2143.07},{"text":"pattern","start":2143.07,"end":2143.55},{"text":"visible.","start":2143.55,"end":2144.11}]},{"text":"It records indigenous organizations' interventions, alternative reports, statements to UN bodies, and expert discussions over decades.","start":2144.11,"end":2152.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2144.11,"end":2144.27},{"text":"records","start":2144.27,"end":2144.67},{"text":"indigenous","start":2144.67,"end":2145.15},{"text":"organizations'","start":2145.15,"end":2145.83},{"text":"interventions,","start":2145.83,"end":2146.75},{"text":"alternative","start":2147.03,"end":2147.63},{"text":"reports,","start":2147.63,"end":2148.35},{"text":"statements","start":2148.67,"end":2149.31},{"text":"to","start":2149.31,"end":2149.47},{"text":"UN","start":2149.47,"end":2149.79},{"text":"bodies,","start":2149.79,"end":2150.19},{"text":"and","start":2150.19,"end":2150.31},{"text":"expert","start":2150.31,"end":2150.63},{"text":"discussions","start":2150.63,"end":2151.19},{"text":"over","start":2151.19,"end":2151.39},{"text":"decades.","start":2151.39,"end":2152.03}]},{"text":"Read together, they show a repeated demand: not simply to be informed, but to be able to say no, to propose alternatives, and to shape the terms of development.","start":2152.67,"end":2163.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Read","start":2152.67,"end":2152.91},{"text":"together,","start":2152.91,"end":2153.55},{"text":"they","start":2153.55,"end":2153.79},{"text":"show","start":2153.79,"end":2154.19},{"text":"a","start":2154.27,"end":2154.31},{"text":"repeated","start":2154.31,"end":2155.43},{"text":"demand:","start":2155.43,"end":2155.87},{"text":"not","start":2156.27,"end":2156.35},{"text":"simply","start":2156.35,"end":2156.83},{"text":"to","start":2156.83,"end":2156.95},{"text":"be","start":2156.95,"end":2157.07},{"text":"informed,","start":2157.07,"end":2157.71},{"text":"but","start":2158.03,"end":2158.19},{"text":"to","start":2158.19,"end":2158.27},{"text":"be","start":2158.27,"end":2158.51},{"text":"able","start":2158.51,"end":2158.91},{"text":"to","start":2158.91,"end":2158.99},{"text":"say","start":2158.99,"end":2159.15},{"text":"no,","start":2159.15,"end":2159.55},{"text":"to","start":2159.95,"end":2160.11},{"text":"propose","start":2160.11,"end":2160.51},{"text":"alternatives,","start":2160.51,"end":2161.39},{"text":"and","start":2161.63,"end":2161.83},{"text":"to","start":2161.83,"end":2161.91},{"text":"shape","start":2161.95,"end":2162.35},{"text":"the","start":2162.35,"end":2162.51},{"text":"terms","start":2162.51,"end":2162.91},{"text":"of","start":2162.91,"end":2163.03},{"text":"development.","start":2163.03,"end":2163.79}]},{"text":"Let me give a few examples.","start":2164.43,"end":2166.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":2164.43,"end":2164.67},{"text":"me","start":2164.67,"end":2164.99},{"text":"give","start":2164.99,"end":2165.39},{"text":"a","start":2165.39,"end":2165.55},{"text":"few","start":2165.55,"end":2165.79},{"text":"examples.","start":2165.79,"end":2166.51}]},{"text":"In 2009, indigenous representatives from Manipur in India addressed the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues about the Loktak hydroelectric project, commissioned in 1984.","start":2166.91,"end":2179.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2166.91,"end":2167.15},{"text":"2009,","start":2167.15,"end":2168.19},{"text":"indigenous","start":2168.27,"end":2168.99},{"text":"representatives","start":2168.99,"end":2169.79},{"text":"from","start":2169.79,"end":2169.99},{"text":"Manipur","start":2169.99,"end":2170.59},{"text":"in","start":2170.59,"end":2170.75},{"text":"India","start":2170.75,"end":2171.23},{"text":"addressed","start":2171.55,"end":2172.03},{"text":"the","start":2172.03,"end":2172.11},{"text":"UN","start":2172.11,"end":2172.39},{"text":"Permanent","start":2172.39,"end":2172.75},{"text":"Forum","start":2172.75,"end":2173.11},{"text":"on","start":2173.11,"end":2173.23},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2173.23,"end":2173.71},{"text":"Issues","start":2173.71,"end":2174.27},{"text":"about","start":2174.51,"end":2174.83},{"text":"the","start":2174.83,"end":2174.95},{"text":"Loktak","start":2174.95,"end":2175.55},{"text":"hydroelectric","start":2175.55,"end":2176.35},{"text":"project,","start":2176.43,"end":2177.07},{"text":"commissioned","start":2177.39,"end":2178.11},{"text":"in","start":2178.11,"end":2178.47},{"text":"1984.","start":2178.47,"end":2179.87}]},{"text":"They described the flooding of nearly 50,000 hectares of arable land and the displacement of thousands of Maité and Kaibui people without adequate rehabilitation.","start":2180.51,"end":2190.55,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2180.51,"end":2180.55},{"text":"described","start":2180.55,"end":2180.99},{"text":"the","start":2180.99,"end":2181.11},{"text":"flooding","start":2181.11,"end":2181.47},{"text":"of","start":2181.47,"end":2181.59},{"text":"nearly","start":2181.59,"end":2182.07},{"text":"50,000","start":2182.07,"end":2183.15},{"text":"hectares","start":2183.15,"end":2183.67},{"text":"of","start":2183.67,"end":2183.83},{"text":"arable","start":2183.83,"end":2184.27},{"text":"land","start":2184.27,"end":2184.55},{"text":"and","start":2184.55,"end":2184.75},{"text":"the","start":2184.75,"end":2184.83},{"text":"displacement","start":2184.83,"end":2185.39},{"text":"of","start":2185.39,"end":2185.51},{"text":"thousands","start":2185.67,"end":2186.19},{"text":"of","start":2186.19,"end":2186.31},{"text":"Maité","start":2186.31,"end":2186.63},{"text":"and","start":2187.11,"end":2187.27},{"text":"Kaibui","start":2187.27,"end":2187.63},{"text":"people","start":2187.67,"end":2188.23},{"text":"without","start":2188.39,"end":2188.87},{"text":"adequate","start":2188.95,"end":2189.51},{"text":"rehabilitation.","start":2189.51,"end":2190.55}]},{"text":"They also raised concerns about the proposed Tipaimukh Dam, which they said would submerge indigenous lands, affect dozens of villages, and destroy sacred sites.","start":2191.19,"end":2202.95,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2191.19,"end":2191.35},{"text":"also","start":2191.35,"end":2191.75},{"text":"raised","start":2191.75,"end":2192.15},{"text":"concerns","start":2192.47,"end":2193.03},{"text":"about","start":2193.03,"end":2193.47},{"text":"the","start":2193.47,"end":2193.59},{"text":"proposed","start":2193.67,"end":2194.31},{"text":"Tipaimukh","start":2195.03,"end":2195.67},{"text":"Dam,","start":2195.67,"end":2196.07},{"text":"which","start":2196.71,"end":2196.95},{"text":"they","start":2196.95,"end":2197.11},{"text":"said","start":2197.11,"end":2197.35},{"text":"would","start":2197.35,"end":2197.63},{"text":"submerge","start":2197.63,"end":2198.15},{"text":"indigenous","start":2198.15,"end":2198.71},{"text":"lands,","start":2198.71,"end":2199.27},{"text":"affect","start":2199.35,"end":2199.91},{"text":"dozens","start":2199.91,"end":2200.39},{"text":"of","start":2200.39,"end":2200.55},{"text":"villages,","start":2200.55,"end":2201.19},{"text":"and","start":2201.43,"end":2201.63},{"text":"destroy","start":2201.63,"end":2201.99},{"text":"sacred","start":2201.99,"end":2202.47},{"text":"sites.","start":2202.47,"end":2202.95}]},{"text":"Their central point was not that consultation had never occurred.","start":2203.51,"end":2207.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":2203.51,"end":2203.75},{"text":"central","start":2203.75,"end":2204.15},{"text":"point","start":2204.15,"end":2204.55},{"text":"was","start":2204.55,"end":2204.79},{"text":"not","start":2204.79,"end":2205.03},{"text":"that","start":2205.03,"end":2205.67},{"text":"consultation","start":2205.75,"end":2206.39},{"text":"had","start":2206.39,"end":2206.51},{"text":"never","start":2206.51,"end":2206.83},{"text":"occurred.","start":2206.83,"end":2207.27}]},{"text":"It was that large infrastructure had been pursued without respecting Indigenous peoples' rights to free, prior, and informed consent, and without a genuine opportunity to influence whether the project should proceed at all.","start":2207.71,"end":2221.23,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2207.71,"end":2207.87},{"text":"was","start":2207.87,"end":2208.19},{"text":"that","start":2208.19,"end":2208.43},{"text":"large","start":2208.43,"end":2208.75},{"text":"infrastructure","start":2208.75,"end":2209.63},{"text":"had","start":2209.71,"end":2209.87},{"text":"been","start":2209.87,"end":2210.03},{"text":"pursued","start":2210.03,"end":2210.67},{"text":"without","start":2210.99,"end":2211.35},{"text":"respecting","start":2211.35,"end":2211.87},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2211.87,"end":2212.27},{"text":"peoples'","start":2212.27,"end":2212.67},{"text":"rights","start":2212.67,"end":2212.91},{"text":"to","start":2213.07,"end":2213.23},{"text":"free,","start":2213.23,"end":2213.63},{"text":"prior,","start":2213.63,"end":2214.07},{"text":"and","start":2214.07,"end":2214.19},{"text":"informed","start":2214.19,"end":2214.55},{"text":"consent,","start":2214.55,"end":2215.07},{"text":"and","start":2215.47,"end":2215.71},{"text":"without","start":2215.71,"end":2216.19},{"text":"a","start":2216.19,"end":2216.23},{"text":"genuine","start":2216.23,"end":2216.91},{"text":"opportunity","start":2216.91,"end":2217.55},{"text":"to","start":2217.55,"end":2217.71},{"text":"influence","start":2217.71,"end":2218.35},{"text":"whether","start":2218.55,"end":2219.03},{"text":"the","start":2219.03,"end":2219.11},{"text":"project","start":2219.11,"end":2219.55},{"text":"should","start":2219.95,"end":2220.23},{"text":"proceed","start":2220.23,"end":2220.67},{"text":"at","start":2220.67,"end":2220.91},{"text":"all.","start":2220.91,"end":2221.23}]},{"text":"That example captures the first form of symbolic participation, consultation after commitment.","start":2221.87,"end":2227.95,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2221.87,"end":2222.07},{"text":"example","start":2222.07,"end":2222.75},{"text":"captures","start":2222.91,"end":2223.39},{"text":"the","start":2223.39,"end":2223.47},{"text":"first","start":2223.47,"end":2223.87},{"text":"form","start":2223.87,"end":2224.15},{"text":"of","start":2224.15,"end":2224.27},{"text":"symbolic","start":2224.27,"end":2224.75},{"text":"participation,","start":2224.75,"end":2225.63},{"text":"consultation","start":2225.87,"end":2226.75},{"text":"after","start":2226.75,"end":2227.23},{"text":"commitment.","start":2227.23,"end":2227.95}]},{"text":"When a project's location, financing, and technical design are already fixed, communities may be able to negotiate compensation or mitigation, but they cannot meaningfully shape the development model itself.","start":2228.55,"end":2241.79,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":2228.55,"end":2228.67},{"text":"a","start":2228.67,"end":2228.71},{"text":"project's","start":2228.71,"end":2229.15},{"text":"location,","start":2229.15,"end":2229.87},{"text":"financing,","start":2229.87,"end":2230.55},{"text":"and","start":2230.55,"end":2230.71},{"text":"technical","start":2230.71,"end":2231.63},{"text":"design","start":2231.63,"end":2232.11},{"text":"are","start":2232.35,"end":2232.59},{"text":"already","start":2232.59,"end":2233.23},{"text":"fixed,","start":2233.23,"end":2234.03},{"text":"communities","start":2234.27,"end":2234.99},{"text":"may","start":2234.99,"end":2235.23},{"text":"be","start":2235.23,"end":2235.35},{"text":"able","start":2235.35,"end":2235.55},{"text":"to","start":2235.55,"end":2235.67},{"text":"negotiate","start":2235.67,"end":2236.19},{"text":"compensation","start":2236.19,"end":2236.91},{"text":"or","start":2236.91,"end":2236.99},{"text":"mitigation,","start":2236.99,"end":2237.79},{"text":"but","start":2238.03,"end":2238.27},{"text":"they","start":2238.43,"end":2238.83},{"text":"cannot","start":2238.83,"end":2239.31},{"text":"meaningfully","start":2239.31,"end":2239.95},{"text":"shape","start":2239.95,"end":2240.27},{"text":"the","start":2240.27,"end":2240.39},{"text":"development","start":2240.39,"end":2240.95},{"text":"model","start":2240.95,"end":2241.23},{"text":"itself.","start":2241.23,"end":2241.79}]},{"text":"A second example comes from Cambodia, documented in a 2007 report by what was called at the time the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and fundamental freedoms of indigenous peoples.","start":2242.59,"end":2256.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2242.59,"end":2242.67},{"text":"second","start":2242.67,"end":2242.99},{"text":"example","start":2242.99,"end":2243.79},{"text":"comes","start":2243.95,"end":2244.23},{"text":"from","start":2244.23,"end":2244.51},{"text":"Cambodia,","start":2244.59,"end":2245.15},{"text":"documented","start":2245.71,"end":2246.43},{"text":"in","start":2246.43,"end":2246.75},{"text":"a","start":2246.99,"end":2247.07},{"text":"2007","start":2247.07,"end":2248.19},{"text":"report","start":2248.51,"end":2248.99},{"text":"by","start":2248.99,"end":2249.11},{"text":"what","start":2249.71,"end":2249.99},{"text":"was","start":2249.99,"end":2250.19},{"text":"called","start":2250.19,"end":2250.51},{"text":"at","start":2250.51,"end":2250.59},{"text":"the","start":2250.59,"end":2250.79},{"text":"time","start":2250.79,"end":2250.99},{"text":"the","start":2250.99,"end":2251.11},{"text":"Special","start":2251.15,"end":2251.55},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":2251.55,"end":2252.11},{"text":"on","start":2252.11,"end":2252.19},{"text":"the","start":2252.19,"end":2252.27},{"text":"situation","start":2252.27,"end":2252.79},{"text":"of","start":2252.79,"end":2252.91},{"text":"human","start":2252.91,"end":2253.27},{"text":"rights","start":2253.27,"end":2253.55},{"text":"and","start":2253.55,"end":2253.71},{"text":"fundamental","start":2253.71,"end":2254.27},{"text":"freedoms","start":2254.27,"end":2254.91},{"text":"of","start":2255.47,"end":2255.71},{"text":"indigenous","start":2255.71,"end":2256.19},{"text":"peoples.","start":2256.19,"end":2256.67}]},{"text":"He examined land registration policy affecting indigenous communities and stressed that indigenous peoples must be able to determine their own priorities and strategies for the use of their traditional lands, including shifting cultivation, and they must participate in development plans affecting them, and that they should be consulted before exploration and exploitation of natural resources.","start":2257.31,"end":2281.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2377.19,"end":2377.67},{"text":"hold","start":2377.67,"end":2378.03},{"text":"knowledge,","start":2378.03,"end":2378.63},{"text":"priorities,","start":2378.63,"end":2379.51},{"text":"and","start":2379.91,"end":2380.07},{"text":"institutions","start":2380.07,"end":2380.87},{"text":"that","start":2380.87,"end":2381.11},{"text":"should","start":2381.11,"end":2381.31},{"text":"shape","start":2381.31,"end":2381.75},{"text":"the","start":2381.83,"end":2382.03},{"text":"interventions","start":2382.03,"end":2382.71},{"text":"from","start":2382.71,"end":2383.03},{"text":"the","start":2383.03,"end":2383.15},{"text":"outset.","start":2383.15,"end":2383.75}]},{"text":"The SIP records of a 2006 seminar on permanent sovereignty over natural resources make the point especially clear.","start":2384.63,"end":2392.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2384.63,"end":2384.79},{"text":"SIP","start":2384.79,"end":2385.03},{"text":"records","start":2385.03,"end":2385.75},{"text":"of","start":2385.75,"end":2385.99},{"text":"a","start":2385.99,"end":2386.07},{"text":"2006","start":2386.31,"end":2387.23},{"text":"seminar","start":2387.23,"end":2387.75},{"text":"on","start":2388.07,"end":2388.23},{"text":"permanent","start":2388.23,"end":2388.71},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2388.71,"end":2389.43},{"text":"over","start":2389.75,"end":2389.99},{"text":"natural","start":2389.99,"end":2390.35},{"text":"resources","start":2390.35,"end":2390.95},{"text":"make","start":2390.95,"end":2391.27},{"text":"the","start":2391.27,"end":2391.43},{"text":"point","start":2391.43,"end":2391.91},{"text":"especially","start":2391.91,"end":2392.43},{"text":"clear.","start":2392.43,"end":2392.87}]},{"text":"Participants emphasized that free, prior, and informed consent must include the practical ability to say no to development projects.","start":2393.27,"end":2401.27,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":2438.43,"end":2438.91},{"text":"early","start":2439.07,"end":2439.31},{"text":"participation.","start":2439.31,"end":2440.27}]},{"text":"Indigenous peoples must be engaged before permits, concessions, financing, or strategic design choices are locked in.","start":2440.67,"end":2447.87,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":2448.03,"end":2448.35},{"text":"collective","start":2448.75,"end":2449.23},{"text":"participation","start":2449.23,"end":2449.95},{"text":"through","start":2449.95,"end":2450.19},{"text":"legitimate","start":2450.19,"end":2450.83},{"text":"representative","start":2450.83,"end":2452.07},{"text":"institutions.","start":2452.07,"end":2452.91}]},{"text":"A meeting with a few individuals does not substitute for a community's own decision-making process.","start":2453.47,"end":2459.83,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":11,"start":2555.31,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=42:36","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair, distinguished panelists, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":2555.31,"end":2559.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":2555.31,"end":2555.79},{"text":"distinguished","start":2556.15,"end":2556.67},{"text":"panelists,","start":2556.67,"end":2557.23},{"text":"excellencies,","start":2557.71,"end":2558.51},{"text":"ladies","start":2558.75,"end":2559.11},{"text":"and","start":2559.11,"end":2559.27},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":2559.27,"end":2559.87}]},{"text":"Thank you for the invitation to join this interactive dialogue.","start":2560.51,"end":2563.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2560.51,"end":2560.67},{"text":"you","start":2560.67,"end":2560.75},{"text":"for","start":2560.75,"end":2560.87},{"text":"the","start":2560.87,"end":2560.95},{"text":"invitation","start":2560.95,"end":2561.63},{"text":"to","start":2561.71,"end":2561.99},{"text":"join","start":2561.99,"end":2562.15},{"text":"this","start":2562.15,"end":2562.35},{"text":"interactive","start":2562.35,"end":2562.87},{"text":"dialogue.","start":2562.87,"end":2563.43}]},{"text":"It is indeed my pleasure to participate in this panel on Indigenous Peoples and the right to development.","start":2563.43,"end":2570.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2563.43,"end":2563.55},{"text":"is","start":2564.03,"end":2564.27},{"text":"indeed","start":2564.27,"end":2564.59},{"text":"my","start":2564.59,"end":2564.75},{"text":"pleasure","start":2564.75,"end":2565.31},{"text":"to","start":2565.47,"end":2565.55},{"text":"participate","start":2565.55,"end":2566.27},{"text":"in","start":2566.51,"end":2566.71},{"text":"this","start":2566.71,"end":2566.91},{"text":"panel","start":2566.91,"end":2567.31},{"text":"on","start":2567.31,"end":2567.55},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2567.55,"end":2567.95},{"text":"Peoples","start":2567.95,"end":2568.51},{"text":"and","start":2568.59,"end":2568.83},{"text":"the","start":2568.83,"end":2568.91},{"text":"right","start":2568.91,"end":2569.15},{"text":"to","start":2569.31,"end":2569.43},{"text":"development.","start":2569.43,"end":2570.11}]},{"text":"It comes at a particularly important moment as we approach the 20th anniversary of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, providing an opportunity not only to reflect on progress achieved, but also on the steps still required to ensure the realization of Indigenous Peoples' right to development.","start":2570.99,"end":2588.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is mandated to provide expertise and advice to achieve the ends of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous 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is due to the right to development's significance in indigenous rights.","start":2609.03,"end":2613.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2609.03,"end":2609.23},{"text":"is","start":2609.23,"end":2609.35},{"text":"due","start":2609.35,"end":2609.75},{"text":"to","start":2609.91,"end":2610.03},{"text":"the","start":2610.03,"end":2610.11},{"text":"right","start":2610.11,"end":2610.35},{"text":"to","start":2610.35,"end":2610.43},{"text":"development's","start":2610.43,"end":2611.07},{"text":"significance","start":2611.07,"end":2611.75},{"text":"in","start":2611.99,"end":2612.11},{"text":"indigenous","start":2612.11,"end":2612.71},{"text":"rights.","start":2612.71,"end":2613.27}]},{"text":"The right to development features heavily throughout both the preamble and the substantive provisions of the 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development.","start":2620.39,"end":2623.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":2620.39,"end":2620.95},{"text":"the","start":2620.95,"end":2621.07},{"text":"Declaration","start":2621.07,"end":2621.63},{"text":"itself","start":2621.63,"end":2622.23},{"text":"may","start":2622.31,"end":2622.47},{"text":"be","start":2622.47,"end":2622.63},{"text":"seen","start":2622.63,"end":2623.03},{"text":"as","start":2623.03,"end":2623.19},{"text":"a","start":2623.19,"end":2623.23},{"text":"development.","start":2623.23,"end":2623.99}]},{"text":"While Indigenous Peoples were not explicitly referenced in the 1986 Declaration on the Right to Development, the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples affirmed their rights to development and to participate in development, providing important guidance on the implementation on the right to development in the Indigenous context.","start":2624.67,"end":2643.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2624.67,"end":2624.95},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2624.95,"end":2625.35},{"text":"Peoples","start":2625.35,"end":2625.83},{"text":"were","start":2625.83,"end":2625.95},{"text":"not","start":2625.95,"end":2626.07},{"text":"explicitly","start":2626.07,"end":2626.79},{"text":"referenced","start":2626.79,"end":2627.43},{"text":"in","start":2627.43,"end":2627.51},{"text":"the","start":2627.51,"end":2627.59},{"text":"1986","start":2627.59,"end":2628.47},{"text":"Declaration","start":2628.47,"end":2629.03},{"text":"on","start":2629.03,"end":2629.11},{"text":"the","start":2629.11,"end":2629.23},{"text":"Right","start":2629.23,"end":2629.47},{"text":"to","start":2629.47,"end":2629.55},{"text":"Development,","start":2629.55,"end":2630.23},{"text":"the","start":2630.79,"end":2630.95},{"text":"Declaration","start":2630.95,"end":2631.47},{"text":"on","start":2631.47,"end":2631.55},{"text":"the","start":2631.55,"end":2631.67},{"text":"Rights","start":2631.67,"end":2631.95},{"text":"of","start":2631.95,"end":2632.03},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2632.03,"end":2632.47},{"text":"Peoples","start":2632.47,"end":2633.03},{"text":"affirmed","start":2633.03,"end":2633.91},{"text":"their","start":2633.91,"end":2634.19},{"text":"rights","start":2634.19,"end":2634.63},{"text":"to","start":2634.87,"end":2634.99},{"text":"development","start":2634.99,"end":2635.67},{"text":"and","start":2635.91,"end":2636.23},{"text":"to","start":2636.23,"end":2636.35},{"text":"participate","start":2636.35,"end":2636.95},{"text":"in","start":2636.95,"end":2637.07},{"text":"development,","start":2637.07,"end":2637.67},{"text":"providing","start":2637.99,"end":2638.47},{"text":"important","start":2638.47,"end":2638.99},{"text":"guidance","start":2638.99,"end":2639.51},{"text":"on","start":2639.51,"end":2639.67},{"text":"the","start":2639.67,"end":2639.75},{"text":"implementation","start":2639.75,"end":2640.63},{"text":"on","start":2640.87,"end":2641.03},{"text":"the","start":2641.03,"end":2641.11},{"text":"right","start":2641.11,"end":2641.47},{"text":"to","start":2641.47,"end":2641.55},{"text":"development","start":2641.55,"end":2642.23},{"text":"in","start":2642.23,"end":2642.47},{"text":"the","start":2642.47,"end":2642.59},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2642.59,"end":2643.07},{"text":"context.","start":2643.07,"end":2643.83}]},{"text":"The right to self-determination and the right to development are intertwined, as shown by Article 3, which notes that the right to self-determination includes the right of Indigenous Peoples to freely pursue their economic, social, and cultural development.","start":2645.35,"end":2660.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2645.35,"end":2645.47},{"text":"right","start":2645.47,"end":2645.71},{"text":"to","start":2645.71,"end":2645.79},{"text":"self-determination","start":2645.79,"end":2646.83},{"text":"and","start":2646.83,"end":2646.95},{"text":"the","start":2646.95,"end":2647.03},{"text":"right","start":2647.03,"end":2647.23},{"text":"to","start":2647.23,"end":2647.31},{"text":"development","start":2647.31,"end":2647.91},{"text":"are","start":2647.91,"end":2648.07},{"text":"intertwined,","start":2648.07,"end":2648.95},{"text":"as","start":2649.35,"end":2649.47},{"text":"shown","start":2649.47,"end":2649.79},{"text":"by","start":2649.79,"end":2649.91},{"text":"Article","start":2649.91,"end":2650.31},{"text":"3,","start":2650.31,"end":2650.71},{"text":"which","start":2650.71,"end":2650.87},{"text":"notes","start":2650.87,"end":2651.35},{"text":"that","start":2651.75,"end":2651.91},{"text":"the","start":2651.91,"end":2651.99},{"text":"right","start":2651.99,"end":2652.19},{"text":"to","start":2652.19,"end":2652.27},{"text":"self-determination","start":2652.27,"end":2653.51},{"text":"includes","start":2653.67,"end":2654.15},{"text":"the","start":2654.31,"end":2654.39},{"text":"right","start":2654.39,"end":2654.59},{"text":"of","start":2654.59,"end":2654.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2654.67,"end":2655.11},{"text":"Peoples","start":2655.11,"end":2655.67},{"text":"to","start":2655.91,"end":2656.07},{"text":"freely","start":2656.07,"end":2656.43},{"text":"pursue","start":2656.43,"end":2656.95},{"text":"their","start":2657.11,"end":2657.31},{"text":"economic,","start":2657.31,"end":2657.91},{"text":"social,","start":2657.99,"end":2658.63},{"text":"and","start":2658.71,"end":2658.87},{"text":"cultural","start":2658.87,"end":2659.35},{"text":"development.","start":2659.35,"end":2660.07}]},{"text":"The Expert Mechanism's work has extensively examined Indigenous Peoples' right to self-determined development.","start":2661.91,"end":2668.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2661.91,"end":2662.07},{"text":"Expert","start":2662.07,"end":2662.39},{"text":"Mechanism's","start":2662.39,"end":2662.99},{"text":"work","start":2662.99,"end":2663.35},{"text":"has","start":2663.35,"end":2663.47},{"text":"extensively","start":2663.47,"end":2664.11},{"text":"examined","start":2664.11,"end":2664.71},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2665.11,"end":2665.59},{"text":"Peoples'","start":2665.59,"end":2665.99},{"text":"right","start":2665.99,"end":2666.31},{"text":"to","start":2666.47,"end":2666.63},{"text":"self-determined","start":2666.63,"end":2667.47},{"text":"development.","start":2667.47,"end":2668.23}]},{"text":"Across its studies, advice, and reports, the Expert Mechanism has discussed the rights of Indigenous peoples to participate and be consulted on land development and to control their own education plans and institutions, develop their own juridical institutions, and to obtain redress for the negative impacts of development projects.","start":2668.75,"end":2688.75,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2689.75,"end":2689.87},{"text":"has","start":2689.87,"end":2690.03},{"text":"reaffirmed","start":2690.03,"end":2690.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2690.67,"end":2691.15},{"text":"peoples’","start":2691.23,"end":2691.71},{"text":"right","start":2691.71,"end":2691.99},{"text":"to","start":2691.99,"end":2692.07},{"text":"development","start":2692.07,"end":2692.75},{"text":"and","start":2692.99,"end":2693.27},{"text":"their","start":2693.27,"end":2693.47},{"text":"right","start":2693.47,"end":2693.83},{"text":"to","start":2693.83,"end":2693.91},{"text":"decide","start":2693.91,"end":2694.51},{"text":"and","start":2694.51,"end":2694.67},{"text":"develop","start":2694.67,"end":2695.15},{"text":"the","start":2695.35,"end":2695.43},{"text":"priorities","start":2695.47,"end":2696.11},{"text":"and","start":2696.11,"end":2696.27},{"text":"strategies","start":2696.27,"end":2696.99},{"text":"for","start":2697.15,"end":2697.35},{"text":"exercising","start":2697.35,"end":2697.91},{"text":"that","start":2697.91,"end":2698.11},{"text":"right,","start":2698.11,"end":2698.51},{"text":"and","start":2698.83,"end":2699.03},{"text":"emphasised","start":2699.03,"end":2699.75},{"text":"that","start":2699.75,"end":2699.87},{"text":"States","start":2699.87,"end":2700.43},{"text":"should","start":2700.43,"end":2700.67},{"text":"recognise","start":2700.67,"end":2701.31},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2701.63,"end":2702.15},{"text":"peoples","start":2702.15,"end":2702.75},{"text":"as","start":2702.75,"end":2702.87},{"text":"important","start":2702.87,"end":2703.55},{"text":"contributors","start":2703.63,"end":2704.43},{"text":"to","start":2704.67,"end":2704.87},{"text":"sustainable","start":2704.87,"end":2705.39},{"text":"development,","start":2705.39,"end":2705.95},{"text":"rather","start":2706.27,"end":2706.75},{"text":"than","start":2706.75,"end":2706.91},{"text":"perpetuating","start":2706.91,"end":2707.63},{"text":"the","start":2707.63,"end":2707.71},{"text":"stereotype","start":2707.71,"end":2708.71},{"text":"that","start":2708.99,"end":2709.11},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2709.11,"end":2709.51},{"text":"peoples","start":2709.51,"end":2710.11},{"text":"are","start":2710.27,"end":2710.43},{"text":"obstacles","start":2710.43,"end":2711.07},{"text":"to","start":2711.07,"end":2711.19},{"text":"development,","start":2711.19,"end":2711.87},{"text":"noting","start":2712.19,"end":2712.51},{"text":"that","start":2712.51,"end":2712.63},{"text":"this","start":2712.63,"end":2712.83},{"text":"has","start":2712.83,"end":2712.99},{"text":"been","start":2712.99,"end":2713.23},{"text":"used","start":2713.23,"end":2713.67},{"text":"as","start":2713.67,"end":2713.75},{"text":"a","start":2713.75,"end":2713.79},{"text":"justification","start":2713.79,"end":2714.75},{"text":"for","start":2714.83,"end":2714.99},{"text":"land","start":2714.99,"end":2715.43},{"text":"dispossession.","start":2715.43,"end":2716.19}]},{"text":"The Expert Mechanism has also emphasized that development affecting Indigenous Peoples must be grounded in free, prior and informed consent.","start":2718.27,"end":2727.07,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2783.55,"end":2783.79},{"text":"discussion","start":2783.79,"end":2784.23},{"text":"highlighted","start":2784.23,"end":2784.99},{"text":"the","start":2785.15,"end":2785.27},{"text":"indispensable","start":2785.27,"end":2786.19},{"text":"role","start":2786.19,"end":2786.51},{"text":"of","start":2786.51,"end":2786.75},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2786.75,"end":2787.23},{"text":"women","start":2787.23,"end":2787.63},{"text":"as","start":2787.87,"end":2788.03},{"text":"practitioners","start":2788.03,"end":2788.83},{"text":"of","start":2788.83,"end":2788.99},{"text":"sustainable","start":2788.99,"end":2789.55},{"text":"development,","start":2789.55,"end":2790.19},{"text":"while","start":2790.39,"end":2790.59},{"text":"drawing","start":2790.59,"end":2790.91},{"text":"attention","start":2790.91,"end":2791.63},{"text":"to","start":2791.71,"end":2791.91},{"text":"the","start":2791.91,"end":2792.03},{"text":"disproportionate","start":2792.03,"end":2793.07},{"text":"harms","start":2793.39,"end":2793.91},{"text":"that","start":2793.91,"end":2794.03},{"text":"development","start":2794.03,"end":2794.47},{"text":"projects","start":2794.47,"end":2795.07},{"text":"may","start":2795.07,"end":2795.31},{"text":"have","start":2795.31,"end":2795.63},{"text":"on","start":2795.87,"end":2796.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2796.07,"end":2796.59},{"text":"girls","start":2796.59,"end":2797.07},{"text":"and","start":2797.07,"end":2797.23},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2797.23,"end":2797.71},{"text":"women.","start":2797.71,"end":2798.19}]},{"text":"The Expert Mechanism has also interpreted the right to development through its country engagement mandate.","start":2799.51,"end":2804.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2799.51,"end":2799.63},{"text":"Expert","start":2799.63,"end":2799.91},{"text":"Mechanism","start":2799.91,"end":2800.35},{"text":"has","start":2800.35,"end":2800.55},{"text":"also","start":2800.55,"end":2800.83},{"text":"interpreted","start":2800.83,"end":2801.43},{"text":"the","start":2801.43,"end":2801.51},{"text":"right","start":2801.51,"end":2801.71},{"text":"to","start":2801.71,"end":2801.79},{"text":"development","start":2801.79,"end":2802.39},{"text":"through","start":2802.55,"end":2802.71},{"text":"its","start":2802.71,"end":2802.87},{"text":"country","start":2802.87,"end":2803.19},{"text":"engagement","start":2803.19,"end":2803.83},{"text":"mandate.","start":2804.07,"end":2804.79}]},{"text":"Its engagements in Finland, Brazil and New Zealand have highlighted cross-cutting themes, including the need to safeguard Indigenous livelihoods and cultures from harmful development impacts, ensure free, prior and informed consent for activities affecting Indigenous territories, and support Indigenous peoples in exercising control over their institutions and services.","start":2805.03,"end":2827.35,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":2805.03,"end":2805.19},{"text":"engagements","start":2805.19,"end":2805.83},{"text":"in","start":2805.83,"end":2805.91},{"text":"Finland,","start":2805.91,"end":2806.55},{"text":"Brazil","start":2806.79,"end":2807.35},{"text":"and","start":2807.35,"end":2807.55},{"text":"New","start":2807.55,"end":2807.67},{"text":"Zealand","start":2807.67,"end":2808.23},{"text":"have","start":2808.39,"end":2808.55},{"text":"highlighted","start":2808.55,"end":2809.27},{"text":"cross-cutting","start":2809.27,"end":2809.91},{"text":"themes,","start":2809.91,"end":2810.47},{"text":"including","start":2810.71,"end":2811.19},{"text":"the","start":2811.19,"end":2811.31},{"text":"need","start":2811.31,"end":2811.55},{"text":"to","start":2811.55,"end":2811.63},{"text":"safeguard","start":2811.63,"end":2812.15},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2812.15,"end":2812.63},{"text":"livelihoods","start":2812.63,"end":2813.27},{"text":"and","start":2813.67,"end":2813.83},{"text":"cultures","start":2813.83,"end":2814.35},{"text":"from","start":2814.35,"end":2814.55},{"text":"harmful","start":2814.55,"end":2814.95},{"text":"development","start":2814.95,"end":2815.47},{"text":"impacts,","start":2815.47,"end":2816.15},{"text":"ensure","start":2816.39,"end":2817.03},{"text":"free,","start":2817.11,"end":2817.51},{"text":"prior","start":2817.51,"end":2817.87},{"text":"and","start":2817.87,"end":2817.99},{"text":"informed","start":2817.99,"end":2818.43},{"text":"consent","start":2818.43,"end":2818.95},{"text":"for","start":2819.35,"end":2819.47},{"text":"activities","start":2819.47,"end":2819.99},{"text":"affecting","start":2819.99,"end":2820.43},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2820.43,"end":2820.87},{"text":"territories,","start":2820.87,"end":2821.59},{"text":"and","start":2821.87,"end":2822.07},{"text":"support","start":2822.07,"end":2822.47},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2822.47,"end":2822.95},{"text":"peoples","start":2822.95,"end":2823.51},{"text":"in","start":2823.51,"end":2823.67},{"text":"exercising","start":2823.67,"end":2824.35},{"text":"control","start":2824.35,"end":2824.95},{"text":"over","start":2825.31,"end":2825.47},{"text":"their","start":2825.47,"end":2825.59},{"text":"institutions","start":2825.59,"end":2826.39},{"text":"and","start":2826.39,"end":2826.63},{"text":"services.","start":2826.63,"end":2827.35}]},{"text":"The Expert Mechanism and the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development have engaged in a constructive dialogue on the intersection between Indigenous Peoples’ rights and the right to development, laying an important foundation for continued cooperation.","start":2829.43,"end":2844.87,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2829.43,"end":2829.55},{"text":"Expert","start":2829.55,"end":2829.91},{"text":"Mechanism","start":2829.91,"end":2830.47},{"text":"and","start":2830.63,"end":2831.03},{"text":"the","start":2831.51,"end":2831.63},{"text":"Expert","start":2831.63,"end":2831.91},{"text":"Mechanism","start":2831.91,"end":2832.35},{"text":"on","start":2832.35,"end":2832.43},{"text":"the","start":2832.43,"end":2832.51},{"text":"Right","start":2832.51,"end":2832.79},{"text":"to","start":2832.79,"end":2832.87},{"text":"Development","start":2832.87,"end":2833.43},{"text":"have","start":2833.51,"end":2833.71},{"text":"engaged","start":2833.71,"end":2834.23},{"text":"in","start":2834.23,"end":2834.35},{"text":"a","start":2834.35,"end":2834.39},{"text":"constructive","start":2834.39,"end":2834.99},{"text":"dialogue","start":2834.99,"end":2835.43},{"text":"on","start":2835.75,"end":2835.91},{"text":"the","start":2835.91,"end":2835.99},{"text":"intersection","start":2835.99,"end":2836.63},{"text":"between","start":2836.63,"end":2836.99},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2836.99,"end":2837.51},{"text":"Peoples’","start":2837.51,"end":2838.07},{"text":"rights","start":2838.39,"end":2838.87},{"text":"and","start":2838.87,"end":2839.07},{"text":"the","start":2839.07,"end":2839.15},{"text":"right","start":2839.15,"end":2839.43},{"text":"to","start":2839.43,"end":2839.51},{"text":"development,","start":2839.51,"end":2840.23},{"text":"laying","start":2840.79,"end":2841.27},{"text":"an","start":2841.51,"end":2841.63},{"text":"important","start":2841.63,"end":2842.07},{"text":"foundation","start":2842.07,"end":2842.71},{"text":"for","start":2842.71,"end":2843.03},{"text":"continued","start":2843.03,"end":2843.75},{"text":"cooperation.","start":2843.83,"end":2844.87}]},{"text":"In particular, our interactive dialogue in 2022 and 2023 provided an important platform for exploring the interlinkages between the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and also the Declaration on the Right to Development, and for reflecting on how the right to development must be understood and implemented in ways that respond to the specific circumstances, rights, and aspirations of Indigenous peoples.","start":2845.75,"end":2872.87,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2845.75,"end":2845.91},{"text":"particular,","start":2845.91,"end":2846.63},{"text":"our","start":2846.83,"end":2846.91},{"text":"interactive","start":2846.91,"end":2847.43},{"text":"dialogue","start":2847.43,"end":2847.91},{"text":"in","start":2847.91,"end":2848.07},{"text":"2022","start":2848.07,"end":2848.87},{"text":"and","start":2848.87,"end":2848.99},{"text":"2023","start":2848.99,"end":2849.91},{"text":"provided","start":2850.15,"end":2850.63},{"text":"an","start":2850.63,"end":2850.79},{"text":"important","start":2850.79,"end":2851.27},{"text":"platform","start":2851.27,"end":2851.91},{"text":"for","start":2852.23,"end":2852.39},{"text":"exploring","start":2852.39,"end":2852.87},{"text":"the","start":2852.87,"end":2852.99},{"text":"interlinkages","start":2852.99,"end":2853.91},{"text":"between","start":2853.91,"end":2854.39},{"text":"the","start":2854.59,"end":2854.67},{"text":"United","start":2854.67,"end":2855.27},{"text":"Nations","start":2855.27,"end":2855.91},{"text":"Declaration","start":2855.91,"end":2856.51},{"text":"on","start":2856.51,"end":2856.59},{"text":"the","start":2856.59,"end":2856.67},{"text":"Rights","start":2856.67,"end":2856.91},{"text":"of","start":2856.91,"end":2856.99},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2856.99,"end":2857.39},{"text":"Peoples","start":2857.39,"end":2857.83},{"text":"and","start":2858.07,"end":2858.23},{"text":"also","start":2858.23,"end":2858.55},{"text":"the","start":2858.63,"end":2858.79},{"text":"Declaration","start":2858.79,"end":2859.43},{"text":"on","start":2859.43,"end":2859.75},{"text":"the","start":2859.75,"end":2859.91},{"text":"Right","start":2859.91,"end":2860.11},{"text":"to","start":2860.11,"end":2860.19},{"text":"Development,","start":2860.19,"end":2860.79},{"text":"and","start":2861.35,"end":2861.59},{"text":"for","start":2861.59,"end":2861.79},{"text":"reflecting","start":2861.79,"end":2862.39},{"text":"on","start":2862.55,"end":2862.71},{"text":"how","start":2862.71,"end":2863.03},{"text":"the","start":2863.11,"end":2863.19},{"text":"right","start":2863.19,"end":2863.39},{"text":"to","start":2863.39,"end":2863.47},{"text":"development","start":2863.51,"end":2864.07},{"text":"must","start":2864.15,"end":2864.47},{"text":"be","start":2864.47,"end":2864.59},{"text":"understood","start":2864.59,"end":2865.11},{"text":"and","start":2865.43,"end":2865.67},{"text":"implemented","start":2865.67,"end":2866.31},{"text":"in","start":2866.63,"end":2866.79},{"text":"ways","start":2866.79,"end":2867.19},{"text":"that","start":2867.19,"end":2867.35},{"text":"respond","start":2867.51,"end":2868.15},{"text":"to","start":2868.15,"end":2868.31},{"text":"the","start":2868.31,"end":2868.43},{"text":"specific","start":2868.47,"end":2868.95},{"text":"circumstances,","start":2868.95,"end":2869.99},{"text":"rights,","start":2870.23,"end":2870.63},{"text":"and","start":2870.63,"end":2870.75},{"text":"aspirations","start":2870.75,"end":2871.43},{"text":"of","start":2871.43,"end":2871.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":2871.67,"end":2872.23},{"text":"peoples.","start":2872.23,"end":2872.87}]},{"text":"Those discussions underscored the unique contribution of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to discussions on development, notably its recognition of Indigenous peoples as distinct rights holders and through the standards of self-determination and free, prior, and informed consent.","start":2874.79,"end":2892.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":3039.71,"end":3040.19},{"text":"32","start":3040.19,"end":3040.83},{"text":"of","start":3040.83,"end":3040.95},{"text":"the","start":3040.95,"end":3041.07},{"text":"Declaration","start":3041.07,"end":3041.79},{"text":"goes","start":3042.11,"end":3042.43},{"text":"on","start":3042.43,"end":3042.51},{"text":"to","start":3042.51,"end":3042.79},{"text":"say","start":3042.79,"end":3042.91},{"text":"that","start":3042.91,"end":3043.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3043.07,"end":3043.71},{"text":"Peoples","start":3043.79,"end":3044.35},{"text":"have","start":3044.51,"end":3044.75},{"text":"the","start":3044.75,"end":3044.91},{"text":"right","start":3044.91,"end":3045.19},{"text":"to","start":3045.19,"end":3045.27},{"text":"set","start":3045.31,"end":3045.63},{"text":"their","start":3045.63,"end":3045.87},{"text":"own","start":3045.87,"end":3046.11},{"text":"priorities","start":3046.11,"end":3047.07},{"text":"for","start":3047.23,"end":3047.39},{"text":"their","start":3047.39,"end":3047.55},{"text":"lands,","start":3047.55,"end":3048.11},{"text":"territories,","start":3048.11,"end":3048.99},{"text":"and","start":3048.99,"end":3049.19},{"text":"resources.","start":3049.19,"end":3050.11}]},{"text":"States must consult them in good faith through their own representative institutions, and states must obtain the free, prior, and informed consent before approving projects that affect their lands.","start":3050.59,"end":3064.71,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":3065.71,"end":3065.87},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3065.87,"end":3066.43},{"text":"peoples,","start":3066.43,"end":3066.83},{"text":"development","start":3066.83,"end":3067.47},{"text":"is","start":3067.47,"end":3067.71},{"text":"not","start":3067.71,"end":3068.27},{"text":"only","start":3068.43,"end":3068.91},{"text":"economic","start":3068.91,"end":3069.55},{"text":"growth.","start":3069.55,"end":3069.95}]},{"text":"Development builds on collective rights, tradition, and respect for ancestors, while also looking forward.","start":3070.67,"end":3079.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":3079.71,"end":3080.43},{"text":"peoples'","start":3080.43,"end":3080.91},{"text":"concepts","start":3080.91,"end":3081.59},{"text":"of","start":3081.59,"end":3081.71},{"text":"development","start":3081.71,"end":3082.43},{"text":"are","start":3082.43,"end":3082.63},{"text":"about","start":3082.63,"end":3082.99},{"text":"values","start":3082.99,"end":3083.63},{"text":"like","start":3083.63,"end":3083.87},{"text":"reciprocity,","start":3083.87,"end":3084.99},{"text":"solidarity,","start":3085.31,"end":3086.35},{"text":"and","start":3086.35,"end":3086.59},{"text":"sustainability.","start":3086.59,"end":3087.79}]},{"text":"Too often, development paradigms portray Indigenous peoples as obstacles to development and their own culture are contradictory to economic development.","start":3088.35,"end":3099.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":3100.31,"end":3101.03},{"text":"peoples","start":3101.03,"end":3101.43},{"text":"have","start":3101.43,"end":3101.75},{"text":"paid","start":3101.75,"end":3102.15},{"text":"the","start":3102.15,"end":3102.31},{"text":"price","start":3102.31,"end":3102.71},{"text":"for","start":3102.71,"end":3102.87},{"text":"this","start":3102.87,"end":3103.11},{"text":"kind","start":3103.11,"end":3103.39},{"text":"of","start":3103.39,"end":3103.51},{"text":"development,","start":3103.51,"end":3104.23},{"text":"designed","start":3104.47,"end":3105.03},{"text":"by","start":3105.03,"end":3105.39},{"text":"others.","start":3105.39,"end":3105.99}]},{"text":"Real development strengthens Indigenous cultures, languages, lands, and ways of life.","start":3106.55,"end":3114.31,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"especially","start":3120.43,"end":3121.03},{"text":"regarding","start":3121.03,"end":3121.55},{"text":"self-determination,","start":3121.55,"end":3122.99},{"text":"free,","start":3123.23,"end":3123.55},{"text":"prior,","start":3123.55,"end":3123.95},{"text":"and","start":3123.95,"end":3124.11},{"text":"informed","start":3124.11,"end":3124.59},{"text":"consent,","start":3124.59,"end":3125.23},{"text":"and","start":3125.31,"end":3125.55},{"text":"land","start":3125.55,"end":3125.87},{"text":"rights.","start":3127.15,"end":3127.51}]},{"text":"These tensions are the sharpest where natural resources are concerned, and in many legal systems, collective rights are not fully recognized.","start":3127.63,"end":3138.35,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":3127.63,"end":3127.95},{"text":"tensions","start":3127.95,"end":3128.59},{"text":"are","start":3128.59,"end":3128.83},{"text":"the","start":3128.83,"end":3129.15},{"text":"sharpest","start":3129.15,"end":3130.23},{"text":"where","start":3130.23,"end":3130.43},{"text":"natural","start":3130.43,"end":3130.99},{"text":"resources","start":3130.99,"end":3131.71},{"text":"are","start":3131.71,"end":3131.87},{"text":"concerned,","start":3131.87,"end":3132.67},{"text":"and","start":3132.99,"end":3133.19},{"text":"in","start":3133.19,"end":3133.39},{"text":"many","start":3133.39,"end":3133.71},{"text":"legal","start":3133.71,"end":3134.11},{"text":"systems,","start":3134.11,"end":3134.75},{"text":"collective","start":3134.75,"end":3135.47},{"text":"rights","start":3135.47,"end":3136.03},{"text":"are","start":3136.35,"end":3136.59},{"text":"not","start":3136.59,"end":3136.83},{"text":"fully","start":3136.83,"end":3137.31},{"text":"recognized.","start":3137.31,"end":3138.35}]},{"text":"Participation in decision-making is a further challenge.","start":3139.31,"end":3142.91,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Participation","start":3139.31,"end":3140.27},{"text":"in","start":3140.27,"end":3140.43},{"text":"decision-making","start":3140.43,"end":3141.39},{"text":"is","start":3141.39,"end":3141.63},{"text":"a","start":3141.63,"end":3141.71},{"text":"further","start":3141.71,"end":3142.15},{"text":"challenge.","start":3142.15,"end":3142.91}]},{"text":"Many Indigenous peoples' communities are far removed from centers of political decision-making.","start":3143.31,"end":3148.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":3143.31,"end":3143.71},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3143.71,"end":3144.35},{"text":"peoples'","start":3144.35,"end":3144.75},{"text":"communities","start":3144.75,"end":3145.39},{"text":"are","start":3145.39,"end":3145.55},{"text":"far","start":3145.55,"end":3145.95},{"text":"removed","start":3145.95,"end":3146.35},{"text":"from","start":3146.35,"end":3146.59},{"text":"centers","start":3146.59,"end":3147.07},{"text":"of","start":3147.07,"end":3147.15},{"text":"political","start":3147.15,"end":3147.79},{"text":"decision-making.","start":3147.79,"end":3148.75}]},{"text":"Yet, development is most effective when the people themselves are directly involved at all stages.","start":3149.35,"end":3156.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":3149.35,"end":3149.83},{"text":"development","start":3150.15,"end":3150.79},{"text":"is","start":3150.79,"end":3151.03},{"text":"most","start":3151.03,"end":3151.35},{"text":"effective","start":3151.35,"end":3151.87},{"text":"when","start":3152.11,"end":3152.39},{"text":"the","start":3152.39,"end":3152.55},{"text":"people","start":3152.55,"end":3153.15},{"text":"themselves","start":3153.15,"end":3153.87},{"text":"are","start":3153.87,"end":3154.07},{"text":"directly","start":3154.07,"end":3154.67},{"text":"involved","start":3154.67,"end":3155.35},{"text":"at","start":3155.35,"end":3155.67},{"text":"all","start":3155.67,"end":3155.91},{"text":"stages.","start":3155.91,"end":3156.71}]},{"text":"Resources dedicated to indigenous issues remain limited.","start":3157.43,"end":3162.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Resources","start":3157.43,"end":3158.23},{"text":"dedicated","start":3158.47,"end":3159.15},{"text":"to","start":3159.15,"end":3159.23},{"text":"indigenous","start":3159.23,"end":3160.15},{"text":"issues","start":3160.47,"end":3161.11},{"text":"remain","start":3161.11,"end":3161.59},{"text":"limited.","start":3161.59,"end":3162.31}]},{"text":"Disaggregated data on indigenous peoples is frequently lacking, and awareness of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples also remains limited.","start":3162.83,"end":3173.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Disaggregated","start":3162.83,"end":3163.79},{"text":"data","start":3163.79,"end":3164.11},{"text":"on","start":3164.11,"end":3164.47},{"text":"indigenous","start":3164.47,"end":3165.03},{"text":"peoples","start":3165.11,"end":3165.51},{"text":"is","start":3165.51,"end":3165.75},{"text":"frequently","start":3165.75,"end":3166.47},{"text":"lacking,","start":3166.47,"end":3167.11},{"text":"and","start":3167.11,"end":3167.35},{"text":"awareness","start":3167.35,"end":3167.91},{"text":"of","start":3167.91,"end":3167.99},{"text":"the","start":3167.99,"end":3168.15},{"text":"Declaration","start":3168.15,"end":3168.95},{"text":"on","start":3169.43,"end":3169.59},{"text":"the","start":3169.59,"end":3169.71},{"text":"Rights","start":3169.71,"end":3170.03},{"text":"of","start":3170.03,"end":3170.15},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3170.15,"end":3170.79},{"text":"Peoples","start":3170.79,"end":3171.35},{"text":"also","start":3171.59,"end":3172.07},{"text":"remains","start":3172.07,"end":3172.79},{"text":"limited.","start":3173.03,"end":3173.67}]},{"text":"As chair of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, I am delighted to participate in this discussion, and I wish I could be there with you in person.","start":3174.63,"end":3183.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":3174.63,"end":3174.95},{"text":"chair","start":3175.03,"end":3175.47},{"text":"of","start":3175.47,"end":3175.59},{"text":"the","start":3175.59,"end":3175.67},{"text":"Permanent","start":3175.67,"end":3176.11},{"text":"Forum","start":3176.11,"end":3176.47},{"text":"on","start":3176.47,"end":3176.63},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3176.63,"end":3177.27},{"text":"Issues,","start":3177.27,"end":3177.71},{"text":"I","start":3178.15,"end":3178.27},{"text":"am","start":3178.27,"end":3178.47},{"text":"delighted","start":3178.47,"end":3179.11},{"text":"to","start":3179.11,"end":3179.27},{"text":"participate","start":3179.27,"end":3179.99},{"text":"in","start":3179.99,"end":3180.15},{"text":"this","start":3180.15,"end":3180.39},{"text":"discussion,","start":3180.39,"end":3181.11},{"text":"and","start":3181.51,"end":3181.79},{"text":"I","start":3181.79,"end":3181.83},{"text":"wish","start":3181.83,"end":3181.99},{"text":"I","start":3181.99,"end":3182.15},{"text":"could","start":3182.15,"end":3182.31},{"text":"be","start":3182.31,"end":3182.55},{"text":"there","start":3182.55,"end":3182.71},{"text":"with","start":3182.71,"end":3182.95},{"text":"you","start":3182.95,"end":3183.07},{"text":"in","start":3183.07,"end":3183.27},{"text":"person.","start":3183.27,"end":3183.91}]},{"text":"I am also pleased to see that you are working with the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.","start":3184.31,"end":3190.31,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. 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Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3208.11,"end":3208.27},{"text":"believe","start":3208.27,"end":3208.67},{"text":"that","start":3208.67,"end":3208.91},{"text":"your","start":3208.91,"end":3209.15},{"text":"insights","start":3209.15,"end":3209.95},{"text":"and","start":3210.35,"end":3210.55},{"text":"analysis","start":3210.55,"end":3211.31},{"text":"could","start":3211.31,"end":3211.47},{"text":"very","start":3211.47,"end":3211.87},{"text":"much","start":3211.87,"end":3212.27},{"text":"benefit","start":3212.27,"end":3212.99},{"text":"the","start":3212.99,"end":3213.23},{"text":"work","start":3213.23,"end":3213.47},{"text":"of","start":3213.47,"end":3213.63},{"text":"the","start":3213.63,"end":3213.71},{"text":"Forum,","start":3213.71,"end":3214.19},{"text":"and","start":3214.27,"end":3214.47},{"text":"we","start":3214.47,"end":3214.59},{"text":"should","start":3214.59,"end":3214.83},{"text":"explore","start":3214.83,"end":3215.39},{"text":"ways","start":3215.39,"end":3215.75},{"text":"of","start":3215.75,"end":3215.91},{"text":"working","start":3215.91,"end":3216.31},{"text":"together.","start":3216.31,"end":3216.91}]},{"text":"I would also invite the Expert Mechanism to draw on the Forum's many recommendations on development, as well as the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in your work.","start":3217.79,"end":3227.87,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. 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Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":3339.99,"end":3340.31},{"text":"experiences","start":3340.31,"end":3341.03},{"text":"reflect","start":3341.03,"end":3341.47},{"text":"the","start":3341.47,"end":3341.55},{"text":"importance","start":3341.55,"end":3342.31},{"text":"of","start":3342.31,"end":3342.55},{"text":"building","start":3342.55,"end":3343.03},{"text":"public","start":3343.55,"end":3343.83},{"text":"policies","start":3343.83,"end":3344.35},{"text":"which","start":3344.35,"end":3344.59},{"text":"value","start":3344.59,"end":3344.99},{"text":"cultural","start":3344.99,"end":3345.35},{"text":"diversity","start":3345.35,"end":3345.95},{"text":"and","start":3345.95,"end":3346.23},{"text":"promote","start":3346.23,"end":3346.75},{"text":"the","start":3347.15,"end":3347.27},{"text":"exchange","start":3347.27,"end":3347.67},{"text":"of","start":3347.67,"end":3347.79},{"text":"knowledge.","start":3347.79,"end":3348.27}]},{"text":"Also, Venezuela highlights that the full realization of the right to development of indigenous peoples means that international cooperation needs to be enhanced, also facilitate access to resources and technology, and allow for conditions so that these communities can actively participate in the sustainable development of their land and natural resources, in line with their own priorities and aspirations.","start":3348.59,"end":3373.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Nationally,","start":3543.71,"end":3544.27},{"text":"the","start":3544.27,"end":3544.39},{"text":"Catun","start":3544.39,"end":3544.91},{"text":"Plan","start":3544.91,"end":3545.39},{"text":"recognizes","start":3545.63,"end":3546.59},{"text":"the","start":3546.67,"end":3546.87},{"text":"cultural","start":3546.87,"end":3547.47},{"text":"relevance,","start":3547.79,"end":3548.55},{"text":"ancestral","start":3548.55,"end":3549.11},{"text":"practices,","start":3549.11,"end":3549.79},{"text":"and","start":3550.11,"end":3550.43},{"text":"the","start":3550.43,"end":3550.51},{"text":"participation","start":3550.51,"end":3551.23},{"text":"of","start":3551.23,"end":3551.55},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3551.55,"end":3552.07},{"text":"peoples","start":3552.07,"end":3552.67},{"text":"in","start":3552.99,"end":3553.39},{"text":"land","start":3553.39,"end":3553.71},{"text":"planning.","start":3553.71,"end":3554.19}]},{"text":"Its update for 2052 has included dialogue in the 22 departments with participation of Indigenous leaders.","start":3555.23,"end":3564.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":3555.23,"end":3555.47},{"text":"update","start":3555.47,"end":3556.11},{"text":"for","start":3556.27,"end":3556.59},{"text":"2052","start":3556.59,"end":3557.87},{"text":"has","start":3557.87,"end":3558.11},{"text":"included","start":3558.11,"end":3558.59},{"text":"dialogue","start":3558.59,"end":3559.15},{"text":"in","start":3559.15,"end":3559.47},{"text":"the","start":3559.47,"end":3559.67},{"text":"22","start":3559.67,"end":3560.27},{"text":"departments","start":3560.27,"end":3560.99},{"text":"with","start":3561.23,"end":3561.67},{"text":"participation","start":3562.43,"end":3563.03},{"text":"of","start":3563.03,"end":3563.11},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3563.11,"end":3563.63},{"text":"leaders.","start":3563.63,"end":3564.19}]},{"text":"This provides an opportunity to incorporate their own development priorities.","start":3564.19,"end":3569.39,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3564.19,"end":3564.35},{"text":"provides","start":3564.35,"end":3564.71},{"text":"an","start":3564.71,"end":3564.79},{"text":"opportunity","start":3564.79,"end":3565.47},{"text":"to","start":3565.95,"end":3566.11},{"text":"incorporate","start":3566.11,"end":3566.91},{"text":"their","start":3567.15,"end":3567.47},{"text":"own","start":3567.47,"end":3567.95},{"text":"development","start":3568.03,"end":3568.55},{"text":"priorities.","start":3568.55,"end":3569.39}]},{"text":"Thus, we would like to ask the panellists how both mechanisms could draw up joint guidelines which would help States to incorporate development models of Indigenous Peoples in their national policies.","start":3570.99,"end":3585.47,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Thus,","start":3570.99,"end":3571.39},{"text":"we","start":3571.39,"end":3571.55},{"text":"would","start":3571.55,"end":3571.71},{"text":"like","start":3571.71,"end":3571.91},{"text":"to","start":3571.91,"end":3572.11},{"text":"ask","start":3572.11,"end":3572.67},{"text":"the","start":3572.67,"end":3572.87},{"text":"panellists","start":3572.87,"end":3573.47},{"text":"how","start":3574.03,"end":3574.35},{"text":"both","start":3574.35,"end":3574.75},{"text":"mechanisms","start":3574.83,"end":3575.55},{"text":"could","start":3575.55,"end":3576.11},{"text":"draw","start":3576.43,"end":3576.75},{"text":"up","start":3576.75,"end":3577.07},{"text":"joint","start":3577.15,"end":3577.55},{"text":"guidelines","start":3577.55,"end":3578.07},{"text":"which","start":3578.07,"end":3578.27},{"text":"would","start":3578.27,"end":3578.51},{"text":"help","start":3578.51,"end":3578.83},{"text":"States","start":3578.83,"end":3579.47},{"text":"to","start":3579.79,"end":3580.03},{"text":"incorporate","start":3580.03,"end":3580.99},{"text":"development","start":3581.31,"end":3582.03},{"text":"models","start":3582.03,"end":3582.59},{"text":"of","start":3582.59,"end":3582.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3582.67,"end":3583.15},{"text":"Peoples","start":3583.15,"end":3583.63},{"text":"in","start":3583.87,"end":3584.15},{"text":"their","start":3584.15,"end":3584.27},{"text":"national","start":3584.27,"end":3584.67},{"text":"policies.","start":3584.67,"end":3585.47}]},{"text":"And this is in relation to strengthening cooperation and coordination amongst this mechanism and the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.","start":3586.55,"end":3594.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3586.55,"end":3586.71},{"text":"this","start":3586.71,"end":3586.91},{"text":"is","start":3586.91,"end":3586.99},{"text":"in","start":3586.99,"end":3587.11},{"text":"relation","start":3587.11,"end":3587.55},{"text":"to","start":3587.55,"end":3587.67},{"text":"strengthening","start":3587.67,"end":3588.23},{"text":"cooperation","start":3588.23,"end":3588.83},{"text":"and","start":3588.83,"end":3589.07},{"text":"coordination","start":3589.07,"end":3589.71},{"text":"amongst","start":3589.71,"end":3590.11},{"text":"this","start":3590.11,"end":3590.35},{"text":"mechanism","start":3590.35,"end":3590.99},{"text":"and","start":3591.39,"end":3591.87},{"text":"the","start":3591.87,"end":3591.99},{"text":"Expert","start":3592.03,"end":3592.39},{"text":"Mechanism","start":3592.39,"end":3592.91},{"text":"on","start":3592.91,"end":3593.15},{"text":"the","start":3593.15,"end":3593.35},{"text":"Rights","start":3593.47,"end":3593.95},{"text":"of","start":3593.95,"end":3594.11},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3594.11,"end":3594.51},{"text":"Peoples.","start":3594.51,"end":3594.83}]},{"text":"Thank you very much, moderator.","start":3594.83,"end":3595.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3594.83,"end":3594.99},{"text":"you","start":3594.99,"end":3595.07},{"text":"very","start":3595.07,"end":3595.23},{"text":"much,","start":3595.23,"end":3595.47},{"text":"moderator.","start":3595.47,"end":3595.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"GTM","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Guatemala"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":3598.39,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=59:59","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, sir.","start":3598.39,"end":3599.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3598.39,"end":3598.67},{"text":"you,","start":3598.67,"end":3598.83},{"text":"sir.","start":3598.83,"end":3599.07}]},{"text":"And to reply to your question, we very much hope that this will be the time when we begin to collaborate with MRIP to provide assistance to countries in implementing the right to development with indigenous peoples in a way which respects and recognizes their rights.","start":3601.75,"end":3622.19,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. 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They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3601.75,"end":3601.95},{"text":"to","start":3601.95,"end":3602.07},{"text":"reply","start":3602.07,"end":3602.35},{"text":"to","start":3602.35,"end":3602.43},{"text":"your","start":3602.43,"end":3602.59},{"text":"question,","start":3602.59,"end":3603.07},{"text":"we","start":3605.07,"end":3605.19},{"text":"very","start":3605.19,"end":3605.35},{"text":"much","start":3605.35,"end":3605.51},{"text":"hope","start":3605.51,"end":3605.67},{"text":"that","start":3605.67,"end":3605.79},{"text":"this","start":3605.79,"end":3606.03},{"text":"will","start":3606.03,"end":3606.19},{"text":"be","start":3606.19,"end":3606.59},{"text":"the","start":3606.75,"end":3606.87},{"text":"time","start":3606.87,"end":3607.15},{"text":"when","start":3607.15,"end":3607.31},{"text":"we","start":3607.31,"end":3607.39},{"text":"begin","start":3607.39,"end":3607.79},{"text":"to","start":3607.79,"end":3607.99},{"text":"collaborate","start":3608.51,"end":3609.15},{"text":"with","start":3609.15,"end":3609.35},{"text":"MRIP","start":3609.35,"end":3609.95},{"text":"to","start":3611.07,"end":3611.31},{"text":"provide","start":3612.03,"end":3612.39},{"text":"assistance","start":3612.39,"end":3613.07},{"text":"to","start":3613.07,"end":3613.27},{"text":"countries","start":3613.27,"end":3613.95},{"text":"in","start":3613.95,"end":3614.11},{"text":"implementing","start":3614.11,"end":3614.99},{"text":"the","start":3615.55,"end":3615.71},{"text":"right","start":3615.71,"end":3616.07},{"text":"to","start":3616.07,"end":3616.15},{"text":"development","start":3616.15,"end":3616.91},{"text":"with","start":3617.63,"end":3617.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":3617.95,"end":3618.43},{"text":"peoples","start":3618.43,"end":3619.07},{"text":"in","start":3619.39,"end":3619.67},{"text":"a","start":3619.67,"end":3619.71},{"text":"way","start":3619.71,"end":3619.95},{"text":"which","start":3619.95,"end":3620.15},{"text":"respects","start":3620.15,"end":3620.67},{"text":"and","start":3620.67,"end":3620.91},{"text":"recognizes","start":3620.91,"end":3621.55},{"text":"their","start":3621.55,"end":3621.83},{"text":"rights.","start":3621.83,"end":3622.19}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Next, the floor will go to Malaysia.","start":3623.15,"end":3625.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next,","start":3623.15,"end":3623.55},{"text":"the","start":3623.55,"end":3623.63},{"text":"floor","start":3623.63,"end":3623.83},{"text":"will","start":3623.83,"end":3623.95},{"text":"go","start":3623.95,"end":3624.11},{"text":"to","start":3624.11,"end":3624.51},{"text":"Malaysia.","start":3624.83,"end":3625.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":19,"start":3632.63,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:00:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Chair, Mr. Moderator, Malaysia welcomes this discussion and thanks the panelists for highlighting the importance of Indigenous Peoples' priorities, institutions, and development aspirations.","start":3632.63,"end":3645.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3632.63,"end":3633.03},{"text":"Chair,","start":3633.03,"end":3633.35},{"text":"Mr.","start":3633.91,"end":3634.31},{"text":"Moderator,","start":3634.31,"end":3634.87},{"text":"Malaysia","start":3635.59,"end":3635.91},{"text":"welcomes","start":3635.91,"end":3636.39},{"text":"this","start":3636.39,"end":3636.63},{"text":"discussion","start":3636.63,"end":3637.43},{"text":"and","start":3637.43,"end":3637.71},{"text":"thanks","start":3637.71,"end":3638.15},{"text":"the","start":3638.59,"end":3638.71},{"text":"panelists","start":3638.71,"end":3639.19},{"text":"for","start":3639.19,"end":3639.39},{"text":"highlighting","start":3639.39,"end":3639.87},{"text":"the","start":3639.87,"end":3639.95},{"text":"importance","start":3639.95,"end":3640.71},{"text":"of","start":3640.71,"end":3640.95},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3640.95,"end":3641.43},{"text":"Peoples'","start":3641.43,"end":3641.91},{"text":"priorities,","start":3641.91,"end":3642.71},{"text":"institutions,","start":3643.11,"end":3643.91},{"text":"and","start":3643.91,"end":3644.11},{"text":"development","start":3644.11,"end":3644.63},{"text":"aspirations.","start":3644.63,"end":3645.51}]},{"text":"The right to development requires meaningful opportunities for Indigenous Peoples to shape decisions affecting their lives.","start":3646.23,"end":3652.55,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3646.23,"end":3646.35},{"text":"right","start":3646.35,"end":3646.63},{"text":"to","start":3646.63,"end":3646.71},{"text":"development","start":3646.71,"end":3647.19},{"text":"requires","start":3647.19,"end":3647.67},{"text":"meaningful","start":3647.67,"end":3648.39},{"text":"opportunities","start":3648.39,"end":3649.27},{"text":"for","start":3649.27,"end":3649.59},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3649.59,"end":3650.07},{"text":"Peoples","start":3650.07,"end":3650.63},{"text":"to","start":3650.63,"end":3650.71},{"text":"shape","start":3650.71,"end":3651.03},{"text":"decisions","start":3651.03,"end":3651.55},{"text":"affecting","start":3651.55,"end":3651.99},{"text":"their","start":3651.99,"end":3652.15},{"text":"lives.","start":3652.15,"end":3652.55}]},{"text":"Consistent with UNDRIP, This requires respect for their identities, customary institutions, and development priorities, taking into account national constitutional and legal frameworks.","start":3653.23,"end":3663.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Consistent","start":3653.23,"end":3653.63},{"text":"with","start":3653.63,"end":3653.75},{"text":"UNDRIP,","start":3653.75,"end":3654.63},{"text":"This","start":3654.75,"end":3654.99},{"text":"requires","start":3654.99,"end":3655.47},{"text":"respect","start":3655.47,"end":3655.95},{"text":"for","start":3655.95,"end":3656.11},{"text":"their","start":3656.11,"end":3656.27},{"text":"identities,","start":3656.27,"end":3657.07},{"text":"customary","start":3657.47,"end":3658.03},{"text":"institutions,","start":3658.03,"end":3658.83},{"text":"and","start":3658.83,"end":3659.03},{"text":"development","start":3659.03,"end":3659.51},{"text":"priorities,","start":3659.51,"end":3660.11},{"text":"taking","start":3660.11,"end":3660.51},{"text":"into","start":3660.51,"end":3660.71},{"text":"account","start":3660.71,"end":3661.07},{"text":"national","start":3661.07,"end":3661.47},{"text":"constitutional","start":3661.47,"end":3662.19},{"text":"and","start":3662.19,"end":3662.31},{"text":"legal","start":3662.31,"end":3662.55},{"text":"frameworks.","start":3662.55,"end":3663.15}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Malaysia is undertaking a project from 2025 to 2027 to formulate the new Indigenous Peoples Development Policy in collaboration with UNDP.","start":3664.35,"end":3674.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3664.35,"end":3664.59},{"text":"Chair,","start":3664.59,"end":3664.87},{"text":"Malaysia","start":3664.87,"end":3665.19},{"text":"is","start":3665.19,"end":3665.47},{"text":"undertaking","start":3665.47,"end":3665.99},{"text":"a","start":3665.99,"end":3666.03},{"text":"project","start":3666.03,"end":3666.51},{"text":"from","start":3666.51,"end":3666.99},{"text":"2025","start":3666.99,"end":3667.91},{"text":"to","start":3667.91,"end":3667.99},{"text":"2027","start":3667.99,"end":3669.31},{"text":"to","start":3669.79,"end":3669.91},{"text":"formulate","start":3669.91,"end":3670.39},{"text":"the","start":3670.39,"end":3670.47},{"text":"new","start":3670.47,"end":3670.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3670.67,"end":3671.15},{"text":"Peoples","start":3671.15,"end":3671.55},{"text":"Development","start":3671.55,"end":3672.11},{"text":"Policy","start":3672.11,"end":3672.59},{"text":"in","start":3672.59,"end":3672.71},{"text":"collaboration","start":3672.71,"end":3673.39},{"text":"with","start":3673.39,"end":3673.71},{"text":"UNDP.","start":3673.71,"end":3674.51}]},{"text":"It encompasses seven key areas, including land, education, health, economic empowerment, leadership, infrastructure, and cultural preservation.","start":3675.31,"end":3684.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3675.31,"end":3675.55},{"text":"encompasses","start":3675.55,"end":3676.31},{"text":"seven","start":3676.31,"end":3676.83},{"text":"key","start":3676.83,"end":3677.11},{"text":"areas,","start":3677.11,"end":3677.47},{"text":"including","start":3677.47,"end":3677.95},{"text":"land,","start":3677.95,"end":3678.35},{"text":"education,","start":3678.87,"end":3679.63},{"text":"health,","start":3679.71,"end":3680.03},{"text":"economic","start":3680.15,"end":3680.59},{"text":"empowerment,","start":3680.59,"end":3681.27},{"text":"leadership,","start":3681.63,"end":3682.23},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":3682.35,"end":3683.23},{"text":"and","start":3683.23,"end":3683.39},{"text":"cultural","start":3683.39,"end":3683.87},{"text":"preservation.","start":3683.87,"end":3684.67}]},{"text":"This approach recognises that improvements in material well-being must advance alongside the preservation of identity and community life.","start":3685.31,"end":3692.91,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3685.31,"end":3685.55},{"text":"approach","start":3685.55,"end":3685.95},{"text":"recognises","start":3685.95,"end":3686.67},{"text":"that","start":3686.67,"end":3686.83},{"text":"improvements","start":3686.83,"end":3687.47},{"text":"in","start":3687.47,"end":3687.63},{"text":"material","start":3687.63,"end":3688.11},{"text":"well-being","start":3688.11,"end":3688.59},{"text":"must","start":3688.59,"end":3688.91},{"text":"advance","start":3688.91,"end":3689.39},{"text":"alongside","start":3689.79,"end":3690.39},{"text":"the","start":3690.39,"end":3690.47},{"text":"preservation","start":3690.47,"end":3691.19},{"text":"of","start":3691.19,"end":3691.31},{"text":"identity","start":3691.31,"end":3691.95},{"text":"and","start":3691.95,"end":3692.11},{"text":"community","start":3692.11,"end":3692.59},{"text":"life.","start":3692.59,"end":3692.91}]},{"text":"Malaysia is also reviewing the Aboriginal Peoples Act 1954, focusing on four key areas, namely: customary land matters, welfare, management of customary marriages, and governance of traditional leadership in the community.","start":3693.63,"end":3707.31,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"Malaysia","start":3693.63,"end":3693.95},{"text":"is","start":3693.95,"end":3694.19},{"text":"also","start":3694.19,"end":3694.51},{"text":"reviewing","start":3694.51,"end":3694.91},{"text":"the","start":3694.91,"end":3695.03},{"text":"Aboriginal","start":3695.11,"end":3695.71},{"text":"Peoples","start":3695.71,"end":3696.11},{"text":"Act","start":3696.11,"end":3696.35},{"text":"1954,","start":3696.35,"end":3697.31},{"text":"focusing","start":3697.79,"end":3698.35},{"text":"on","start":3698.35,"end":3698.51},{"text":"four","start":3698.51,"end":3698.67},{"text":"key","start":3698.67,"end":3698.91},{"text":"areas,","start":3698.91,"end":3699.39},{"text":"namely:","start":3699.39,"end":3699.87},{"text":"customary","start":3700.35,"end":3700.99},{"text":"land","start":3700.99,"end":3701.15},{"text":"matters,","start":3701.15,"end":3701.79},{"text":"welfare,","start":3701.79,"end":3702.43},{"text":"management","start":3702.75,"end":3703.23},{"text":"of","start":3703.23,"end":3703.39},{"text":"customary","start":3703.39,"end":3703.87},{"text":"marriages,","start":3703.87,"end":3704.59},{"text":"and","start":3704.59,"end":3704.79},{"text":"governance","start":3704.79,"end":3705.31},{"text":"of","start":3705.31,"end":3705.39},{"text":"traditional","start":3705.39,"end":3705.99},{"text":"leadership","start":3705.99,"end":3706.43},{"text":"in","start":3706.43,"end":3706.55},{"text":"the","start":3706.55,"end":3706.63},{"text":"community.","start":3706.63,"end":3707.31}]},{"text":"Direct engagements with more than 1,000 respondents have informed this process.","start":3708.31,"end":3712.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Direct","start":3708.31,"end":3708.71},{"text":"engagements","start":3708.71,"end":3709.35},{"text":"with","start":3709.35,"end":3709.59},{"text":"more","start":3709.59,"end":3709.87},{"text":"than","start":3709.87,"end":3709.99},{"text":"1,000","start":3709.99,"end":3710.55},{"text":"respondents","start":3710.55,"end":3711.11},{"text":"have","start":3711.11,"end":3711.27},{"text":"informed","start":3711.27,"end":3711.67},{"text":"this","start":3711.67,"end":3711.83},{"text":"process.","start":3711.83,"end":3712.31}]},{"text":"These efforts underline the importance of incorporating community perspectives from the outset and throughout implementation.","start":3712.79,"end":3719.43,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":3712.79,"end":3713.03},{"text":"efforts","start":3713.03,"end":3713.51},{"text":"underline","start":3713.51,"end":3713.95},{"text":"the","start":3713.95,"end":3714.03},{"text":"importance","start":3714.03,"end":3714.63},{"text":"of","start":3714.63,"end":3714.87},{"text":"incorporating","start":3715.27,"end":3716.03},{"text":"community","start":3716.03,"end":3716.47},{"text":"perspectives","start":3716.47,"end":3717.11},{"text":"from","start":3717.11,"end":3717.35},{"text":"the","start":3717.35,"end":3717.47},{"text":"outset","start":3717.47,"end":3717.91},{"text":"and","start":3717.99,"end":3718.19},{"text":"throughout","start":3718.19,"end":3718.47},{"text":"implementation.","start":3718.47,"end":3719.43}]},{"text":"Guided by Malaysia's national aspirations and development priorities, we continue to implement targeted initiatives aimed at improving the socio-economic well-being of indigenous communities through infrastructure development, education, healthcare, entrepreneurship support, skills training, and poverty eradication programs.","start":3720.39,"end":3740.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Guided","start":3720.39,"end":3720.87},{"text":"by","start":3720.87,"end":3721.19},{"text":"Malaysia's","start":3721.19,"end":3721.67},{"text":"national","start":3721.67,"end":3722.11},{"text":"aspirations","start":3722.11,"end":3722.87},{"text":"and","start":3722.87,"end":3722.99},{"text":"development","start":3722.99,"end":3723.43},{"text":"priorities,","start":3723.43,"end":3724.15},{"text":"we","start":3724.55,"end":3724.71},{"text":"continue","start":3724.71,"end":3725.11},{"text":"to","start":3725.11,"end":3725.23},{"text":"implement","start":3725.23,"end":3725.79},{"text":"targeted","start":3725.79,"end":3726.31},{"text":"initiatives","start":3726.31,"end":3727.03},{"text":"aimed","start":3727.11,"end":3727.39},{"text":"at","start":3727.39,"end":3727.67},{"text":"improving","start":3727.75,"end":3728.31},{"text":"the","start":3728.35,"end":3728.43},{"text":"socio-economic","start":3728.43,"end":3729.31},{"text":"well-being","start":3729.31,"end":3729.71},{"text":"of","start":3729.71,"end":3729.87},{"text":"indigenous","start":3729.87,"end":3730.35},{"text":"communities","start":3730.35,"end":3731.03},{"text":"through","start":3731.55,"end":3731.79},{"text":"infrastructure","start":3731.79,"end":3732.43},{"text":"development,","start":3732.43,"end":3733.11},{"text":"education,","start":3733.47,"end":3734.11},{"text":"healthcare,","start":3734.11,"end":3734.67},{"text":"entrepreneurship","start":3735.11,"end":3735.87},{"text":"support,","start":3735.87,"end":3736.35},{"text":"skills","start":3736.67,"end":3737.15},{"text":"training,","start":3737.15,"end":3737.71},{"text":"and","start":3738.11,"end":3738.35},{"text":"poverty","start":3738.35,"end":3738.83},{"text":"eradication","start":3738.83,"end":3739.55},{"text":"programs.","start":3739.55,"end":3740.27}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, national and international planning should provide space for Indigenous peoples' knowledge, customary practices, and development models.","start":3740.91,"end":3749.07,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3740.91,"end":3741.31},{"text":"Chair,","start":3741.31,"end":3741.63},{"text":"national","start":3742.35,"end":3742.91},{"text":"and","start":3742.91,"end":3743.07},{"text":"international","start":3743.07,"end":3743.71},{"text":"planning","start":3743.71,"end":3744.19},{"text":"should","start":3744.19,"end":3744.35},{"text":"provide","start":3744.35,"end":3744.71},{"text":"space","start":3744.71,"end":3745.15},{"text":"for","start":3745.15,"end":3745.39},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3745.39,"end":3745.87},{"text":"peoples'","start":3745.87,"end":3746.27},{"text":"knowledge,","start":3746.27,"end":3746.75},{"text":"customary","start":3746.75,"end":3747.31},{"text":"practices,","start":3747.31,"end":3747.95},{"text":"and","start":3747.95,"end":3748.15},{"text":"development","start":3748.15,"end":3748.59},{"text":"models.","start":3748.59,"end":3749.07}]},{"text":"Access to education, healthcare, connectivity, and economic opportunities should respond to community needs while safeguarding cultural heritage and the environment.","start":3749.63,"end":3758.75,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."},{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"Access","start":3749.63,"end":3750.11},{"text":"to","start":3750.11,"end":3750.23},{"text":"education,","start":3750.23,"end":3750.83},{"text":"healthcare,","start":3750.83,"end":3751.47},{"text":"connectivity,","start":3751.79,"end":3752.63},{"text":"and","start":3752.63,"end":3752.79},{"text":"economic","start":3752.79,"end":3753.23},{"text":"opportunities","start":3753.23,"end":3754.03},{"text":"should","start":3754.27,"end":3754.55},{"text":"respond","start":3754.55,"end":3755.11},{"text":"to","start":3755.11,"end":3755.23},{"text":"community","start":3755.23,"end":3755.71},{"text":"needs","start":3755.71,"end":3755.99},{"text":"while","start":3755.99,"end":3756.19},{"text":"safeguarding","start":3756.19,"end":3756.79},{"text":"cultural","start":3756.79,"end":3757.27},{"text":"heritage","start":3757.27,"end":3757.79},{"text":"and","start":3757.79,"end":3757.99},{"text":"the","start":3757.99,"end":3758.07},{"text":"environment.","start":3758.07,"end":3758.75}]},{"text":"It is also important to ensure the participation of indigenous women, youth, persons with disabilities, and older persons, among others.","start":3759.23,"end":3767.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3759.23,"end":3759.35},{"text":"is","start":3759.35,"end":3759.47},{"text":"also","start":3759.47,"end":3759.79},{"text":"important","start":3759.79,"end":3760.31},{"text":"to","start":3760.31,"end":3760.39},{"text":"ensure","start":3760.39,"end":3760.83},{"text":"the","start":3760.83,"end":3760.99},{"text":"participation","start":3760.99,"end":3761.87},{"text":"of","start":3761.87,"end":3762.11},{"text":"indigenous","start":3762.11,"end":3762.59},{"text":"women,","start":3762.59,"end":3763.07},{"text":"youth,","start":3763.39,"end":3763.79},{"text":"persons","start":3764.11,"end":3764.59},{"text":"with","start":3764.59,"end":3764.71},{"text":"disabilities,","start":3764.71,"end":3765.55},{"text":"and","start":3765.55,"end":3765.71},{"text":"older","start":3765.71,"end":3765.99},{"text":"persons,","start":3765.99,"end":3766.43},{"text":"among","start":3766.43,"end":3766.67},{"text":"others.","start":3766.71,"end":3767.07}]},{"text":"In this regard, Malaysia supports closer cooperation between the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development and the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples through joint dialogues, exchanges of good practices, and practical guidance developed with indigenous communities.","start":3767.71,"end":3782.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3767.71,"end":3767.87},{"text":"this","start":3767.87,"end":3768.03},{"text":"regard,","start":3768.03,"end":3768.43},{"text":"Malaysia","start":3768.91,"end":3769.19},{"text":"supports","start":3769.19,"end":3769.75},{"text":"closer","start":3769.75,"end":3770.11},{"text":"cooperation","start":3770.11,"end":3770.83},{"text":"between","start":3770.83,"end":3771.19},{"text":"the","start":3771.19,"end":3771.27},{"text":"Expert","start":3771.27,"end":3771.59},{"text":"Mechanism","start":3771.59,"end":3772.11},{"text":"on","start":3772.11,"end":3772.19},{"text":"the","start":3772.19,"end":3772.27},{"text":"Right","start":3772.27,"end":3772.55},{"text":"to","start":3772.55,"end":3772.63},{"text":"Development","start":3772.63,"end":3773.27},{"text":"and","start":3773.63,"end":3773.75},{"text":"the","start":3773.75,"end":3773.83},{"text":"Expert","start":3773.83,"end":3774.19},{"text":"Mechanism","start":3774.19,"end":3774.71},{"text":"on","start":3774.71,"end":3774.83},{"text":"the","start":3774.83,"end":3774.91},{"text":"Rights","start":3774.91,"end":3775.23},{"text":"of","start":3775.23,"end":3775.39},{"text":"Indigenous","start":3775.39,"end":3775.87},{"text":"Peoples","start":3775.87,"end":3776.43},{"text":"through","start":3776.47,"end":3776.67},{"text":"joint","start":3776.67,"end":3776.95},{"text":"dialogues,","start":3776.95,"end":3777.47},{"text":"exchanges","start":3777.71,"end":3778.35},{"text":"of","start":3778.35,"end":3778.51},{"text":"good","start":3778.51,"end":3778.67},{"text":"practices,","start":3778.67,"end":3779.39},{"text":"and","start":3779.39,"end":3779.59},{"text":"practical","start":3779.59,"end":3780.03},{"text":"guidance","start":3780.03,"end":3780.51},{"text":"developed","start":3780.51,"end":3780.91},{"text":"with","start":3780.91,"end":3781.15},{"text":"indigenous","start":3781.55,"end":3782.11},{"text":"communities.","start":3782.11,"end":3782.83}]},{"text":"Malaysia remains committed to constructive engagement and international cooperation to ensure that development responds to indigenous peoples' needs and aspirations.","start":3783.51,"end":3791.43,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":3998.51,"end":3998.75},{"text":"self-determination","start":3998.75,"end":3999.95},{"text":"and","start":3999.95,"end":4000.07},{"text":"their","start":4000.11,"end":4000.27},{"text":"free,","start":4000.27,"end":4000.43},{"text":"prior,","start":4000.43,"end":4000.63},{"text":"and","start":4000.63,"end":4000.75},{"text":"informed","start":4000.75,"end":4001.03},{"text":"consent,","start":4001.03,"end":4001.63},{"text":"they","start":4001.79,"end":4001.95},{"text":"make","start":4001.95,"end":4002.19},{"text":"it","start":4002.19,"end":4002.31},{"text":"clear","start":4002.31,"end":4002.67},{"text":"by","start":4002.67,"end":4003.07},{"text":"remaining","start":4004.35,"end":4004.99},{"text":"in","start":4004.99,"end":4005.63},{"text":"voluntary","start":4005.67,"end":4006.19},{"text":"isolation.","start":4006.19,"end":4006.83}]},{"text":"So their territories should be off limits to extractive industries and other development projects.","start":4007.39,"end":4013.39,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. 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They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4007.39,"end":4007.63},{"text":"their","start":4007.63,"end":4007.87},{"text":"territories","start":4008.11,"end":4008.67},{"text":"should","start":4008.67,"end":4008.83},{"text":"be","start":4008.83,"end":4008.99},{"text":"off","start":4008.99,"end":4009.23},{"text":"limits","start":4009.23,"end":4009.79},{"text":"to","start":4010.59,"end":4010.99},{"text":"extractive","start":4010.99,"end":4011.55},{"text":"industries","start":4011.55,"end":4011.99},{"text":"and","start":4011.99,"end":4012.11},{"text":"other","start":4012.11,"end":4012.27},{"text":"development","start":4012.27,"end":4012.71},{"text":"projects.","start":4012.71,"end":4013.39}]},{"text":"Next, the floor goes to Mexico.","start":4014.43,"end":4016.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next,","start":4014.43,"end":4014.75},{"text":"the","start":4014.75,"end":4014.83},{"text":"floor","start":4014.83,"end":4015.07},{"text":"goes","start":4015.07,"end":4015.31},{"text":"to","start":4015.31,"end":4015.71},{"text":"Mexico.","start":4015.71,"end":4016.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":4023.43,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:07:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Moderator, we would like to thank the experts for including in this session a debate on the link between indigenous peoples and the right to development.","start":4023.43,"end":4031.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moderator,","start":4023.43,"end":4024.15},{"text":"we","start":4024.87,"end":4024.95},{"text":"would","start":4024.95,"end":4025.07},{"text":"like","start":4025.07,"end":4025.23},{"text":"to","start":4025.23,"end":4025.31},{"text":"thank","start":4025.31,"end":4025.59},{"text":"the","start":4025.59,"end":4025.67},{"text":"experts","start":4025.67,"end":4025.99},{"text":"for","start":4025.99,"end":4026.15},{"text":"including","start":4026.15,"end":4026.63},{"text":"in","start":4026.63,"end":4026.71},{"text":"this","start":4026.71,"end":4026.91},{"text":"session","start":4026.91,"end":4027.35},{"text":"a","start":4027.35,"end":4027.39},{"text":"debate","start":4027.39,"end":4027.99},{"text":"on","start":4027.99,"end":4028.31},{"text":"the","start":4028.31,"end":4028.47},{"text":"link","start":4028.47,"end":4028.87},{"text":"between","start":4028.87,"end":4029.43},{"text":"indigenous","start":4029.43,"end":4029.91},{"text":"peoples","start":4029.91,"end":4030.59},{"text":"and","start":4030.59,"end":4030.75},{"text":"the","start":4030.75,"end":4030.87},{"text":"right","start":4030.87,"end":4031.07},{"text":"to","start":4031.07,"end":4031.15},{"text":"development.","start":4031.15,"end":4031.91}]},{"text":"We have taken note of the presentations.","start":4032.31,"end":4035.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4032.31,"end":4032.55},{"text":"have","start":4032.55,"end":4032.95},{"text":"taken","start":4033.11,"end":4033.59},{"text":"note","start":4033.59,"end":4033.91},{"text":"of","start":4033.91,"end":4034.07},{"text":"the","start":4034.07,"end":4034.15},{"text":"presentations.","start":4034.15,"end":4035.03}]},{"text":"In Mexico, 23.2 million people are recognized as indigenous and over 7 million speak an indigenous language.","start":4035.51,"end":4042.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4035.51,"end":4035.67},{"text":"Mexico,","start":4035.67,"end":4036.23},{"text":"23.2","start":4036.47,"end":4037.43},{"text":"million","start":4037.43,"end":4037.75},{"text":"people","start":4037.75,"end":4038.23},{"text":"are","start":4038.47,"end":4038.59},{"text":"recognized","start":4038.59,"end":4039.27},{"text":"as","start":4039.27,"end":4039.47},{"text":"indigenous","start":4039.47,"end":4039.95},{"text":"and","start":4039.95,"end":4040.07},{"text":"over","start":4040.07,"end":4040.31},{"text":"7","start":4040.31,"end":4040.63},{"text":"million","start":4040.63,"end":4040.95},{"text":"speak","start":4040.95,"end":4041.27},{"text":"an","start":4041.27,"end":4041.35},{"text":"indigenous","start":4041.35,"end":4041.83},{"text":"language.","start":4041.83,"end":4042.39}]},{"text":"For these peoples, the development is not just a challenge from the outside world, it's a way of viewing the world.","start":4042.87,"end":4049.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":4042.87,"end":4043.07},{"text":"these","start":4043.07,"end":4043.27},{"text":"peoples,","start":4043.27,"end":4043.83},{"text":"the","start":4044.15,"end":4044.27},{"text":"development","start":4044.27,"end":4044.79},{"text":"is","start":4044.79,"end":4045.03},{"text":"not","start":4045.03,"end":4045.47},{"text":"just","start":4045.47,"end":4045.79},{"text":"a","start":4045.79,"end":4045.83},{"text":"challenge","start":4046.95,"end":4047.31},{"text":"from","start":4047.31,"end":4047.47},{"text":"the","start":4047.47,"end":4047.55},{"text":"outside","start":4047.55,"end":4047.83},{"text":"world,","start":4047.83,"end":4048.07},{"text":"it's","start":4048.07,"end":4048.31},{"text":"a","start":4048.31,"end":4048.35},{"text":"way","start":4048.35,"end":4048.43},{"text":"of","start":4048.43,"end":4048.51},{"text":"viewing","start":4048.51,"end":4048.87},{"text":"the","start":4049.27,"end":4049.39},{"text":"world.","start":4049.39,"end":4049.67}]},{"text":"Indigenous Mexicans are governed under certain norms of conduct, which we would like to share with this expert mechanism, given that they could be guidance to foster the right to development.","start":4050.63,"end":4061.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":4050.63,"end":4051.11},{"text":"Mexicans","start":4051.11,"end":4051.91},{"text":"are","start":4052.07,"end":4052.23},{"text":"governed","start":4052.23,"end":4052.63},{"text":"under","start":4052.63,"end":4052.87},{"text":"certain","start":4052.87,"end":4053.27},{"text":"norms","start":4053.27,"end":4053.51},{"text":"of","start":4053.51,"end":4053.59},{"text":"conduct,","start":4053.59,"end":4054.07},{"text":"which","start":4054.07,"end":4054.27},{"text":"we","start":4054.27,"end":4054.35},{"text":"would","start":4054.35,"end":4054.47},{"text":"like","start":4054.47,"end":4054.63},{"text":"to","start":4054.63,"end":4054.71},{"text":"share","start":4054.71,"end":4055.11},{"text":"with","start":4055.11,"end":4055.31},{"text":"this","start":4055.31,"end":4055.51},{"text":"expert","start":4055.51,"end":4055.91},{"text":"mechanism,","start":4055.91,"end":4056.47},{"text":"given","start":4057.35,"end":4057.63},{"text":"that","start":4057.63,"end":4057.99},{"text":"they","start":4057.99,"end":4058.23},{"text":"could","start":4058.23,"end":4058.47},{"text":"be","start":4058.47,"end":4058.79},{"text":"guidance","start":4059.11,"end":4059.75},{"text":"to","start":4059.75,"end":4059.95},{"text":"foster","start":4059.99,"end":4060.55},{"text":"the","start":4060.55,"end":4060.67},{"text":"right","start":4060.67,"end":4060.91},{"text":"to","start":4060.91,"end":4060.99},{"text":"development.","start":4060.99,"end":4061.59}]},{"text":"These principles are the basis of Mexican humanism, which govern development policies fostered by the Mexican government.","start":4062.07,"end":4068.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":4062.07,"end":4062.31},{"text":"principles","start":4062.31,"end":4062.79},{"text":"are","start":4062.79,"end":4063.11},{"text":"the","start":4063.11,"end":4063.27},{"text":"basis","start":4063.27,"end":4063.83},{"text":"of","start":4063.83,"end":4064.07},{"text":"Mexican","start":4064.07,"end":4064.51},{"text":"humanism,","start":4064.51,"end":4065.03},{"text":"which","start":4065.11,"end":4065.35},{"text":"govern","start":4065.35,"end":4065.75},{"text":"development","start":4065.75,"end":4066.27},{"text":"policies","start":4066.27,"end":4066.87},{"text":"fostered","start":4067.11,"end":4067.59},{"text":"by","start":4067.59,"end":4067.67},{"text":"the","start":4067.67,"end":4067.75},{"text":"Mexican","start":4067.75,"end":4068.15},{"text":"government.","start":4068.15,"end":4068.71}]},{"text":"The seven principles of the indigenous Mexicans are the following: Firstly, community.","start":4070.31,"end":4075.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4070.31,"end":4070.43},{"text":"seven","start":4070.43,"end":4070.71},{"text":"principles","start":4070.71,"end":4071.27},{"text":"of","start":4071.27,"end":4071.51},{"text":"the","start":4071.51,"end":4071.67},{"text":"indigenous","start":4071.75,"end":4072.15},{"text":"Mexicans","start":4072.15,"end":4072.71},{"text":"are","start":4072.71,"end":4072.91},{"text":"the","start":4072.91,"end":4073.03},{"text":"following:","start":4073.03,"end":4073.75},{"text":"Firstly,","start":4074.55,"end":4075.11},{"text":"community.","start":4075.35,"end":4075.99}]},{"text":"Priority is given to the interest of the community without denying individuality, but always consulting the collective group.","start":4076.95,"end":4084.11,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Priority","start":4076.95,"end":4077.39},{"text":"is","start":4077.39,"end":4077.51},{"text":"given","start":4077.51,"end":4077.75},{"text":"to","start":4077.75,"end":4077.83},{"text":"the","start":4077.83,"end":4077.95},{"text":"interest","start":4077.95,"end":4078.23},{"text":"of","start":4078.23,"end":4078.31},{"text":"the","start":4078.31,"end":4078.43},{"text":"community","start":4078.43,"end":4078.95},{"text":"without","start":4078.95,"end":4079.55},{"text":"denying","start":4079.55,"end":4080.07},{"text":"individuality,","start":4080.07,"end":4081.19},{"text":"but","start":4081.35,"end":4081.51},{"text":"always","start":4081.51,"end":4081.91},{"text":"consulting","start":4082.55,"end":4083.27},{"text":"the","start":4083.27,"end":4083.39},{"text":"collective","start":4083.39,"end":4083.87},{"text":"group.","start":4083.87,"end":4084.11}]},{"text":"Secondly, we have reciprocity.","start":4084.47,"end":4086.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":4084.47,"end":4085.11},{"text":"we","start":4085.11,"end":4085.27},{"text":"have","start":4085.27,"end":4085.43},{"text":"reciprocity.","start":4085.43,"end":4086.23}]},{"text":"Whoever receives is compelled to return both people and the land.","start":4086.87,"end":4091.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Whoever","start":4086.87,"end":4087.27},{"text":"receives","start":4087.27,"end":4087.83},{"text":"is","start":4087.91,"end":4088.15},{"text":"compelled","start":4088.15,"end":4088.59},{"text":"to","start":4088.59,"end":4088.87},{"text":"return","start":4089.35,"end":4089.91},{"text":"both","start":4090.55,"end":4090.79},{"text":"people","start":4090.79,"end":4091.11},{"text":"and","start":4091.11,"end":4091.31},{"text":"the","start":4091.31,"end":4091.43},{"text":"land.","start":4091.43,"end":4091.75}]},{"text":"Thirdly, loyalty.","start":4091.83,"end":4093.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":4091.83,"end":4092.39},{"text":"loyalty.","start":4092.87,"end":4093.51}]},{"text":"Loyalty to the family, the community, and commitment.","start":4093.83,"end":4097.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Loyalty","start":4093.83,"end":4094.39},{"text":"to","start":4094.39,"end":4094.47},{"text":"the","start":4094.47,"end":4094.55},{"text":"family,","start":4094.55,"end":4095.19},{"text":"the","start":4095.19,"end":4095.27},{"text":"community,","start":4095.27,"end":4096.07},{"text":"and","start":4096.79,"end":4097.03},{"text":"commitment.","start":4097.03,"end":4097.67}]},{"text":"Fourthly, collective work.","start":4097.91,"end":4099.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourthly,","start":4097.91,"end":4098.55},{"text":"collective","start":4098.95,"end":4099.43},{"text":"work.","start":4099.43,"end":4099.83}]},{"text":"Communities are committed to work collectively so as to grapple with challenges affecting everyone.","start":4100.71,"end":4106.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Communities","start":4100.71,"end":4101.35},{"text":"are","start":4101.35,"end":4101.51},{"text":"committed","start":4101.51,"end":4101.87},{"text":"to","start":4101.87,"end":4102.11},{"text":"work","start":4102.11,"end":4102.51},{"text":"collectively","start":4102.51,"end":4103.27},{"text":"so","start":4103.59,"end":4103.87},{"text":"as","start":4103.87,"end":4103.99},{"text":"to","start":4103.99,"end":4104.11},{"text":"grapple","start":4104.47,"end":4104.87},{"text":"with","start":4104.87,"end":4104.99},{"text":"challenges","start":4105.03,"end":4105.43},{"text":"affecting","start":4105.43,"end":4105.83},{"text":"everyone.","start":4105.83,"end":4106.31}]},{"text":"Fifthly, is honouring one's word.","start":4107.35,"end":4110.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fifthly,","start":4107.35,"end":4107.91},{"text":"is","start":4108.95,"end":4109.27},{"text":"honouring","start":4109.27,"end":4109.83},{"text":"one's","start":4109.83,"end":4110.15},{"text":"word.","start":4110.15,"end":4110.55}]},{"text":"Commitments must be fulfilled.","start":4110.79,"end":4112.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Commitments","start":4110.79,"end":4111.39},{"text":"must","start":4111.39,"end":4111.63},{"text":"be","start":4111.63,"end":4111.75},{"text":"fulfilled.","start":4111.75,"end":4112.39}]},{"text":"Sixthly, we have redistributive economy where the prestige of sharing wealth is more important than the accumulation of wealth.","start":4112.87,"end":4121.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Sixthly,","start":4112.87,"end":4113.67},{"text":"we","start":4113.67,"end":4113.91},{"text":"have","start":4113.91,"end":4114.47},{"text":"redistributive","start":4114.71,"end":4115.59},{"text":"economy","start":4115.63,"end":4116.03},{"text":"where","start":4116.03,"end":4116.23},{"text":"the","start":4116.23,"end":4116.35},{"text":"prestige","start":4116.35,"end":4117.03},{"text":"of","start":4117.03,"end":4117.35},{"text":"sharing","start":4117.91,"end":4118.47},{"text":"wealth","start":4118.47,"end":4118.87},{"text":"is","start":4119.03,"end":4119.27},{"text":"more","start":4119.27,"end":4119.43},{"text":"important","start":4119.43,"end":4119.99},{"text":"than","start":4119.99,"end":4120.15},{"text":"the","start":4120.15,"end":4120.27},{"text":"accumulation","start":4120.27,"end":4120.87},{"text":"of","start":4120.87,"end":4120.95},{"text":"wealth.","start":4120.95,"end":4121.19}]},{"text":"And the last principle is love of land and life, which closely links them to the protection of the environment and human rights.","start":4121.19,"end":4128.55,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"so","start":4180.75,"end":4181.07},{"text":"that","start":4181.07,"end":4181.79},{"text":"they","start":4182.43,"end":4182.67},{"text":"are","start":4182.67,"end":4182.83},{"text":"fully","start":4182.83,"end":4183.11},{"text":"involved","start":4183.11,"end":4183.59},{"text":"in","start":4183.59,"end":4184.11},{"text":"policies","start":4184.19,"end":4184.83},{"text":"and","start":4184.83,"end":4184.99},{"text":"public","start":4184.99,"end":4185.27},{"text":"institutions","start":4185.27,"end":4186.11},{"text":"affecting","start":4186.11,"end":4186.51},{"text":"them","start":4186.51,"end":4186.63},{"text":"directly.","start":4186.63,"end":4187.15}]},{"text":"We call upon the mechanism in the conclusions to include the proposals of Indigenous Peoples and the right to development, as well as the necessary protection of Indigenous Peoples in national development policies.","start":4187.47,"end":4200.43,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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three categories of indigenous peoples in Africa.","start":4304.47,"end":4307.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":4304.47,"end":4304.67},{"text":"are","start":4304.67,"end":4304.75},{"text":"three","start":4304.75,"end":4304.99},{"text":"categories","start":4304.99,"end":4305.51},{"text":"of","start":4305.51,"end":4305.59},{"text":"indigenous","start":4305.59,"end":4306.11},{"text":"peoples","start":4306.11,"end":4306.47},{"text":"in","start":4306.47,"end":4306.59},{"text":"Africa.","start":4306.59,"end":4307.07}]},{"text":"First, those in the Western sense with respect to their 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4314.11,"end":4314.91},{"text":"peoples","start":4315.63,"end":4316.27},{"text":"established","start":4316.27,"end":4317.23},{"text":"on","start":4317.31,"end":4317.55},{"text":"identified","start":4317.55,"end":4318.27},{"text":"land","start":4318.27,"end":4318.67},{"text":"before","start":4318.67,"end":4319.23},{"text":"colonization","start":4319.47,"end":4320.23},{"text":"or","start":4320.23,"end":4320.31},{"text":"independence,","start":4320.31,"end":4321.19},{"text":"and","start":4321.19,"end":4321.35},{"text":"they","start":4321.35,"end":4321.47},{"text":"have","start":4321.47,"end":4321.71},{"text":"specific","start":4321.71,"end":4322.67},{"text":"identities,","start":4322.91,"end":4323.87},{"text":"and","start":4324.03,"end":4324.19},{"text":"they're","start":4324.19,"end":4324.35},{"text":"particularly","start":4324.35,"end":4325.07},{"text":"vulnerable.","start":4325.23,"end":4325.95}]},{"text":"Their rights must be respected.","start":4325.95,"end":4329.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":4325.95,"end":4326.35},{"text":"rights","start":4327.55,"end":4327.95},{"text":"must","start":4327.95,"end":4328.19},{"text":"be","start":4328.19,"end":4328.35},{"text":"respected.","start":4328.35,"end":4329.07}]},{"text":"The second category have become vulnerable through dispossession, marginalisation and other causes, and therefore African special protection corresponds to that in the West, and it remains key.","start":4331.47,"end":4346.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Katima","start":4470.23,"end":4470.51},{"text":"became","start":4470.51,"end":4470.87},{"text":"a","start":4470.87,"end":4470.91},{"text":"defender","start":4470.91,"end":4471.47},{"text":"after","start":4471.71,"end":4471.99},{"text":"her","start":4471.99,"end":4472.11},{"text":"father,","start":4472.11,"end":4472.51},{"text":"a","start":4472.83,"end":4472.87},{"text":"community","start":4472.87,"end":4473.31},{"text":"leader,","start":4473.31,"end":4473.63},{"text":"was","start":4473.63,"end":4473.79},{"text":"shot","start":4473.79,"end":4474.03},{"text":"dead","start":4474.03,"end":4474.31},{"text":"in","start":4474.31,"end":4474.47},{"text":"a","start":4474.47,"end":4474.51},{"text":"land","start":4474.51,"end":4474.71},{"text":"dispute","start":4474.71,"end":4475.23},{"text":"in","start":4475.23,"end":4475.31},{"text":"2012.","start":4475.31,"end":4476.11}]},{"text":"Her experience raises a fundamental question: how can Indigenous peoples determine their development when their right to their ancestral lands remain insecure?","start":4476.27,"end":4484.43,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Her","start":4476.27,"end":4476.47},{"text":"experience","start":4476.47,"end":4476.87},{"text":"raises","start":4476.87,"end":4477.31},{"text":"a","start":4477.31,"end":4477.39},{"text":"fundamental","start":4477.39,"end":4477.87},{"text":"question:","start":4477.87,"end":4478.35},{"text":"how","start":4478.59,"end":4478.75},{"text":"can","start":4478.75,"end":4479.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4479.07,"end":4479.63},{"text":"peoples","start":4479.63,"end":4480.03},{"text":"determine","start":4480.03,"end":4480.47},{"text":"their","start":4480.47,"end":4480.63},{"text":"development","start":4480.63,"end":4481.23},{"text":"when","start":4481.23,"end":4481.47},{"text":"their","start":4481.47,"end":4481.75},{"text":"right","start":4481.75,"end":4482.03},{"text":"to","start":4482.35,"end":4482.59},{"text":"their","start":4482.59,"end":4482.83},{"text":"ancestral","start":4482.83,"end":4483.35},{"text":"lands","start":4483.35,"end":4483.63},{"text":"remain","start":4483.63,"end":4483.95},{"text":"insecure?","start":4483.95,"end":4484.43}]},{"text":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples recognizes their right to determine development priorities and requires free, prior, and informed consent for projects affecting their lands and resources.","start":4484.75,"end":4496.03,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":4503.75,"end":4504.15},{"text":"defending","start":4504.15,"end":4504.71},{"text":"ancestral","start":4504.71,"end":4505.15},{"text":"lands","start":4505.15,"end":4505.51},{"text":"in","start":4505.51,"end":4505.83},{"text":"Krangchan","start":4505.83,"end":4506.35},{"text":"National","start":4506.35,"end":4506.67},{"text":"Park","start":4506.67,"end":4506.95},{"text":"within","start":4506.95,"end":4507.27},{"text":"the","start":4507.27,"end":4507.35},{"text":"UNESCO-listed","start":4507.51,"end":4508.39},{"text":"Krangchan","start":4508.39,"end":4508.95},{"text":"Forest","start":4508.95,"end":4509.19},{"text":"Complex,","start":4509.19,"end":4509.63},{"text":"recognized","start":4509.91,"end":4510.47},{"text":"as","start":4510.47,"end":4510.63},{"text":"UNESCO","start":4510.63,"end":4511.03},{"text":"World","start":4511.03,"end":4511.27},{"text":"Heritage","start":4511.27,"end":4511.67},{"text":"Site.","start":4511.67,"end":4512.07}]},{"text":"They are guardians of the forest.","start":4512.87,"end":4514.19,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":4512.87,"end":4513.07},{"text":"are","start":4513.07,"end":4513.15},{"text":"guardians","start":4513.15,"end":4513.59},{"text":"of","start":4513.59,"end":4513.67},{"text":"the","start":4513.67,"end":4513.75},{"text":"forest.","start":4513.75,"end":4514.19}]},{"text":"Conservation must uphold their rights, knowledge, and way of life, not criminalize them.","start":4514.55,"end":4518.95,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."},{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Conservation","start":4514.55,"end":4515.11},{"text":"must","start":4515.11,"end":4515.35},{"text":"uphold","start":4515.35,"end":4515.79},{"text":"their","start":4515.79,"end":4515.99},{"text":"rights,","start":4515.99,"end":4516.31},{"text":"knowledge,","start":4516.31,"end":4516.87},{"text":"and","start":4516.87,"end":4517.03},{"text":"way","start":4517.03,"end":4517.23},{"text":"of","start":4517.23,"end":4517.35},{"text":"life,","start":4517.35,"end":4517.67},{"text":"not","start":4517.91,"end":4518.15},{"text":"criminalize","start":4518.15,"end":4518.67},{"text":"them.","start":4518.67,"end":4518.95}]},{"text":"When defenders are silent, development loses its eyes and ears.","start":4520.79,"end":4524.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":4520.79,"end":4521.03},{"text":"defenders","start":4521.03,"end":4521.59},{"text":"are","start":4521.59,"end":4521.67},{"text":"silent,","start":4521.67,"end":4522.15},{"text":"development","start":4522.31,"end":4522.87},{"text":"loses","start":4522.87,"end":4523.35},{"text":"its","start":4523.43,"end":4523.71},{"text":"eyes","start":4523.71,"end":4524.07},{"text":"and","start":4524.07,"end":4524.23},{"text":"ears.","start":4524.23,"end":4524.55}]},{"text":"However, there are also constructive steps to build on.","start":4525.27,"end":4528.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4525.27,"end":4525.67},{"text":"there","start":4525.67,"end":4525.83},{"text":"are","start":4525.83,"end":4525.99},{"text":"also","start":4525.99,"end":4526.63},{"text":"constructive","start":4526.63,"end":4527.27},{"text":"steps","start":4527.27,"end":4527.59},{"text":"to","start":4527.59,"end":4527.71},{"text":"build","start":4527.71,"end":4528.03},{"text":"on.","start":4528.03,"end":4528.31}]},{"text":"Thailand's new Ethnic Way of Life Law offers an opening, but does not explicitly recognize Indigenous people and only partially reflects free, prior, and informed consent.","start":4529.11,"end":4538.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4550.63,"end":4550.91},{"text":"illustrates","start":4550.91,"end":4551.47},{"text":"how","start":4551.47,"end":4551.67},{"text":"community","start":4551.67,"end":4552.11},{"text":"organizing","start":4552.11,"end":4552.71},{"text":"and","start":4552.71,"end":4552.83},{"text":"access","start":4552.83,"end":4553.19},{"text":"to","start":4553.19,"end":4553.31},{"text":"courts","start":4553.31,"end":4553.75},{"text":"can","start":4553.75,"end":4553.91},{"text":"help","start":4553.91,"end":4554.19},{"text":"prevent","start":4554.19,"end":4554.55},{"text":"harm.","start":4554.55,"end":4555.03}]},{"text":"Indigenous women must have decision-making power in these processes.","start":4558.31,"end":4561.59,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":4558.31,"end":4558.83},{"text":"women","start":4558.83,"end":4559.11},{"text":"must","start":4559.11,"end":4559.27},{"text":"have","start":4559.27,"end":4559.43},{"text":"decision-making","start":4559.43,"end":4560.07},{"text":"power","start":4560.07,"end":4560.47},{"text":"in","start":4560.47,"end":4560.63},{"text":"these","start":4560.63,"end":4560.95},{"text":"processes.","start":4560.95,"end":4561.59}]},{"text":"We ask the Expert Mechanism to share such approaches and recommend that Member States: First, legally recognize Indigenous Peoples and their collective right to land, territories, and resources, and guarantee free, prior, and informed consent in law and practice.","start":4561.67,"end":4576.39,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4576.87,"end":4577.35},{"text":"Reform","start":4577.91,"end":4578.31},{"text":"conservation","start":4578.31,"end":4579.19},{"text":"and","start":4579.19,"end":4579.39},{"text":"development","start":4579.39,"end":4579.91},{"text":"laws","start":4579.91,"end":4580.31},{"text":"with","start":4580.31,"end":4580.55},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4580.87,"end":4581.35},{"text":"peoples'","start":4581.35,"end":4581.75},{"text":"full","start":4581.75,"end":4582.07},{"text":"participation,","start":4582.07,"end":4582.79},{"text":"recognizing","start":4582.79,"end":4583.43},{"text":"customary","start":4583.43,"end":4583.99},{"text":"tenure","start":4583.99,"end":4584.47},{"text":"and","start":4584.47,"end":4584.79},{"text":"rotational","start":4584.79,"end":4585.27},{"text":"farming.","start":4585.27,"end":4585.75}]},{"text":"End forced evictions and criminalization for legitimately exercising their rights and provide remedies.","start":4586.15,"end":4591.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"End","start":4586.15,"end":4586.39},{"text":"forced","start":4586.39,"end":4586.79},{"text":"evictions","start":4586.79,"end":4587.39},{"text":"and","start":4587.39,"end":4587.51},{"text":"criminalization","start":4587.51,"end":4588.31},{"text":"for","start":4588.31,"end":4588.63},{"text":"legitimately","start":4588.63,"end":4589.43},{"text":"exercising","start":4589.43,"end":4590.07},{"text":"their","start":4590.07,"end":4590.27},{"text":"rights","start":4590.27,"end":4590.55},{"text":"and","start":4590.55,"end":4590.87},{"text":"provide","start":4590.87,"end":4591.31},{"text":"remedies.","start":4591.31,"end":4591.83}]},{"text":"Third, guarantee Indigenous women's equal and meaningful participation in land, forest, and development decision with resources and protection against reprisals.","start":4592.55,"end":4602.79,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":4592.55,"end":4592.95},{"text":"guarantee","start":4593.11,"end":4593.67},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4593.67,"end":4594.15},{"text":"women's","start":4594.15,"end":4594.63},{"text":"equal","start":4594.63,"end":4595.07},{"text":"and","start":4595.07,"end":4595.19},{"text":"meaningful","start":4595.19,"end":4595.59},{"text":"participation","start":4595.59,"end":4596.31},{"text":"in","start":4596.31,"end":4596.39},{"text":"land,","start":4596.39,"end":4596.71},{"text":"forest,","start":4596.71,"end":4597.03},{"text":"and","start":4597.03,"end":4597.15},{"text":"development","start":4597.15,"end":4597.63},{"text":"decision","start":4597.63,"end":4598.15},{"text":"with","start":4598.23,"end":4598.51},{"text":"resources","start":4598.71,"end":4599.99},{"text":"and","start":4599.99,"end":4600.31},{"text":"protection","start":4600.31,"end":4601.03},{"text":"against","start":4601.11,"end":4601.71},{"text":"reprisals.","start":4601.99,"end":4602.79}]},{"text":"Katima absence must not mean the absence of Indigenous women's voices.","start":4603.35,"end":4607.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Katima","start":4603.35,"end":4603.71},{"text":"absence","start":4603.71,"end":4604.23},{"text":"must","start":4604.23,"end":4604.55},{"text":"not","start":4604.55,"end":4604.79},{"text":"mean","start":4604.79,"end":4605.03},{"text":"the","start":4605.03,"end":4605.23},{"text":"absence","start":4605.23,"end":4605.63},{"text":"of","start":4605.63,"end":4605.75},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4605.75,"end":4606.39},{"text":"women's","start":4606.39,"end":4606.83},{"text":"voices.","start":4606.83,"end":4607.35}]},{"text":"Development must respect indigenous peoples' power to shape their own future.","start":4608.11,"end":4613.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":4608.11,"end":4608.67},{"text":"must","start":4608.67,"end":4608.91},{"text":"respect","start":4608.91,"end":4609.39},{"text":"indigenous","start":4609.39,"end":4609.87},{"text":"peoples'","start":4609.87,"end":4610.43},{"text":"power","start":4610.59,"end":4611.15},{"text":"to","start":4611.63,"end":4611.83},{"text":"shape","start":4611.83,"end":4612.19},{"text":"their","start":4612.19,"end":4612.47},{"text":"own","start":4612.47,"end":4612.59},{"text":"future.","start":4612.59,"end":4613.15}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":4613.31,"end":4613.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4613.31,"end":4613.63},{"text":"you.","start":4613.63,"end":4613.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Manushya Foundation","group":"FORUM-ASIA, Manushya Foundation, and Indigenous Women's Network of Thailand","function":null,"affiliation_full":"Manushya Foundation"}},{"statement_number":28,"start":4616.55,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:16:57","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, and thank you for your recommendations.","start":4616.55,"end":4619.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4616.55,"end":4616.83},{"text":"you,","start":4616.83,"end":4616.99},{"text":"and","start":4617.15,"end":4617.55},{"text":"thank","start":4617.79,"end":4618.07},{"text":"you","start":4618.07,"end":4618.15},{"text":"for","start":4618.15,"end":4618.27},{"text":"your","start":4618.27,"end":4618.39},{"text":"recommendations.","start":4618.39,"end":4619.39}]},{"text":"Now we will go to Cuba.","start":4621.07,"end":4622.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":4621.07,"end":4621.31},{"text":"we","start":4621.47,"end":4621.63},{"text":"will","start":4621.63,"end":4621.79},{"text":"go","start":4621.79,"end":4622.03},{"text":"to","start":4622.03,"end":4622.43},{"text":"Cuba.","start":4622.43,"end":4622.83}]},{"text":"The floor is yours.","start":4622.83,"end":4624.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4622.83,"end":4622.91},{"text":"floor","start":4624.27,"end":4624.47},{"text":"is","start":4624.47,"end":4624.59},{"text":"yours.","start":4624.59,"end":4624.91}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":29,"start":4630.11,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:17:11","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, moderator.","start":4630.11,"end":4631.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4630.11,"end":4630.35},{"text":"you","start":4630.35,"end":4630.43},{"text":"very","start":4630.43,"end":4630.59},{"text":"much,","start":4630.59,"end":4630.91},{"text":"moderator.","start":4630.91,"end":4631.43}]},{"text":"The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples enshrined the right to development as one of its principles, which is a backbone, and recognized the need to grant broad prerogatives to indigenous people so as to define their priorities and strategies in that regard, pursuant to the right to self-determination.","start":4632.91,"end":4654.67,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4741.35,"end":4741.51},{"text":"imposition","start":4741.51,"end":4742.23},{"text":"of","start":4742.23,"end":4742.87},{"text":"development","start":4743.43,"end":4744.07},{"text":"models","start":4744.07,"end":4744.55},{"text":"which","start":4744.55,"end":4744.95},{"text":"are","start":4744.95,"end":4745.19},{"text":"far","start":4745.19,"end":4745.47},{"text":"removed","start":4745.47,"end":4745.99},{"text":"from","start":4745.99,"end":4746.15},{"text":"the","start":4746.15,"end":4746.31},{"text":"needs","start":4746.31,"end":4746.71},{"text":"of","start":4746.71,"end":4746.83},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4746.83,"end":4747.19},{"text":"Peoples","start":4747.19,"end":4747.59},{"text":"has","start":4748.31,"end":4748.71},{"text":"led","start":4748.71,"end":4748.91},{"text":"to","start":4748.91,"end":4749.19},{"text":"profound","start":4749.35,"end":4749.83},{"text":"inequalities","start":4749.83,"end":4750.71},{"text":"and","start":4751.03,"end":4751.23},{"text":"has","start":4751.23,"end":4751.35},{"text":"also","start":4751.35,"end":4751.67},{"text":"led","start":4751.67,"end":4751.87},{"text":"to","start":4751.87,"end":4752.03},{"text":"other","start":4752.03,"end":4752.39},{"text":"social","start":4752.39,"end":4752.71},{"text":"problems","start":4752.71,"end":4753.27},{"text":"such","start":4753.27,"end":4753.67},{"text":"as","start":4753.67,"end":4754.15},{"text":"family","start":4754.15,"end":4754.59},{"text":"breakdown,","start":4754.59,"end":4755.27},{"text":"alcoholism,","start":4755.27,"end":4756.07},{"text":"and","start":4756.31,"end":4756.59},{"text":"suicide","start":4756.59,"end":4757.27},{"text":"amongst","start":4757.27,"end":4757.63},{"text":"young","start":4757.63,"end":4757.83},{"text":"people","start":4757.83,"end":4758.15},{"text":"from","start":4758.15,"end":4758.39},{"text":"those","start":4758.39,"end":4758.63},{"text":"communities.","start":4758.63,"end":4759.35}]},{"text":"It is the responsibility of all to put an end to that trend.","start":4759.75,"end":4762.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4759.75,"end":4759.87},{"text":"is","start":4759.87,"end":4759.95},{"text":"the","start":4759.95,"end":4760.03},{"text":"responsibility","start":4760.03,"end":4760.75},{"text":"of","start":4760.75,"end":4760.87},{"text":"all","start":4760.87,"end":4761.03},{"text":"to","start":4761.03,"end":4761.15},{"text":"put","start":4761.15,"end":4761.31},{"text":"an","start":4761.31,"end":4761.43},{"text":"end","start":4761.43,"end":4761.67},{"text":"to","start":4761.67,"end":4761.83},{"text":"that","start":4761.83,"end":4762.03},{"text":"trend.","start":4762.03,"end":4762.47}]},{"text":"We restate that the respect for knowledge, cultures, and traditional practices of Indigenous Peoples contribute to sustainable and equitable development.","start":4762.87,"end":4772.47,"topics":[{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4762.87,"end":4763.19},{"text":"restate","start":4763.19,"end":4763.75},{"text":"that","start":4763.75,"end":4763.91},{"text":"the","start":4763.91,"end":4764.03},{"text":"respect","start":4764.03,"end":4764.47},{"text":"for","start":4764.47,"end":4764.79},{"text":"knowledge,","start":4764.79,"end":4765.43},{"text":"cultures,","start":4765.43,"end":4766.07},{"text":"and","start":4766.07,"end":4766.35},{"text":"traditional","start":4766.35,"end":4766.79},{"text":"practices","start":4766.79,"end":4767.43},{"text":"of","start":4767.43,"end":4767.55},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4767.55,"end":4767.99},{"text":"Peoples","start":4767.99,"end":4768.55},{"text":"contribute","start":4768.95,"end":4769.83},{"text":"to","start":4769.99,"end":4770.23},{"text":"sustainable","start":4770.23,"end":4770.95},{"text":"and","start":4770.95,"end":4771.19},{"text":"equitable","start":4771.19,"end":4771.67},{"text":"development.","start":4771.67,"end":4772.47}]},{"text":"Cuba supports the promotion of free, meaningful participation of indigenous peoples in their own development.","start":4772.95,"end":4779.59,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"Cuba","start":4772.95,"end":4773.35},{"text":"supports","start":4773.59,"end":4774.11},{"text":"the","start":4774.11,"end":4774.19},{"text":"promotion","start":4774.19,"end":4774.79},{"text":"of","start":4774.79,"end":4775.27},{"text":"free,","start":4775.35,"end":4775.91},{"text":"meaningful","start":4776.31,"end":4776.83},{"text":"participation","start":4776.83,"end":4777.51},{"text":"of","start":4777.51,"end":4777.67},{"text":"indigenous","start":4777.67,"end":4778.03},{"text":"peoples","start":4778.03,"end":4778.47},{"text":"in","start":4778.47,"end":4778.63},{"text":"their","start":4778.63,"end":4778.79},{"text":"own","start":4778.79,"end":4778.87},{"text":"development.","start":4778.87,"end":4779.59}]},{"text":"It is only in this way that they will be able to achieve a more sustainable growth and inclusive growth.","start":4779.99,"end":4784.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4779.99,"end":4780.11},{"text":"is","start":4780.11,"end":4780.23},{"text":"only","start":4780.23,"end":4780.39},{"text":"in","start":4780.39,"end":4780.47},{"text":"this","start":4780.47,"end":4780.71},{"text":"way","start":4780.71,"end":4780.95},{"text":"that","start":4780.95,"end":4781.15},{"text":"they","start":4781.15,"end":4781.27},{"text":"will","start":4781.27,"end":4781.43},{"text":"be","start":4781.43,"end":4781.59},{"text":"able","start":4781.59,"end":4781.83},{"text":"to","start":4781.83,"end":4781.95},{"text":"achieve","start":4781.95,"end":4782.55},{"text":"a","start":4782.63,"end":4782.67},{"text":"more","start":4782.67,"end":4782.83},{"text":"sustainable","start":4782.83,"end":4783.43},{"text":"growth","start":4783.43,"end":4783.83},{"text":"and","start":4783.91,"end":4784.15},{"text":"inclusive","start":4784.15,"end":4784.55},{"text":"growth.","start":4784.55,"end":4784.83}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":4784.83,"end":4785.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4784.83,"end":4784.99},{"text":"you","start":4784.99,"end":4785.07},{"text":"very","start":4785.07,"end":4785.23},{"text":"much.","start":4785.23,"end":4785.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CUB","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Cuba"}},{"statement_number":30,"start":4787.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:19:48","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Cuba, for your statement.","start":4787.35,"end":4789.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4787.35,"end":4787.67},{"text":"you,","start":4787.67,"end":4787.83},{"text":"Cuba,","start":4787.99,"end":4788.31},{"text":"for","start":4788.31,"end":4788.43},{"text":"your","start":4788.43,"end":4788.55},{"text":"statement.","start":4788.55,"end":4789.27}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We will go to APG 23.","start":4789.99,"end":4792.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4789.99,"end":4790.11},{"text":"will","start":4790.11,"end":4790.31},{"text":"go","start":4790.39,"end":4790.63},{"text":"to","start":4790.63,"end":4790.95},{"text":"APG","start":4791.03,"end":4791.67},{"text":"23.","start":4791.67,"end":4792.47}]},{"text":"The floor is yours.","start":4792.59,"end":4793.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4792.59,"end":4792.67},{"text":"floor","start":4792.71,"end":4792.95},{"text":"is","start":4792.95,"end":4793.07},{"text":"yours.","start":4793.07,"end":4793.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":4794.47,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:19:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chair, for decades, indigenous people have been affected by unfair dominant development models that have destroyed the environment, harmed biodiversity, and exacerbated inequalities.","start":4794.47,"end":4806.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":4824.19,"end":4824.43},{"text":"initiatives","start":4824.43,"end":4825.31},{"text":"often","start":4825.55,"end":4826.03},{"text":"prioritize","start":4826.03,"end":4826.83},{"text":"profit","start":4826.83,"end":4827.39},{"text":"over","start":4827.39,"end":4827.71},{"text":"people,","start":4827.71,"end":4828.35},{"text":"disregarding","start":4828.59,"end":4829.39},{"text":"the","start":4829.39,"end":4829.51},{"text":"Mapuche","start":4829.51,"end":4829.95},{"text":"people's","start":4829.95,"end":4830.43},{"text":"right","start":4830.43,"end":4830.79},{"text":"to","start":4830.79,"end":4830.87},{"text":"self-determination","start":4830.87,"end":4832.03},{"text":"and","start":4832.27,"end":4832.51},{"text":"the","start":4832.51,"end":4832.59},{"text":"right","start":4832.59,"end":4833.03},{"text":"to","start":4833.03,"end":4833.11},{"text":"free,","start":4833.11,"end":4833.39},{"text":"prior,","start":4833.39,"end":4833.99},{"text":"and","start":4833.99,"end":4834.11},{"text":"informed","start":4834.11,"end":4834.51},{"text":"consent.","start":4834.51,"end":4835.23}]},{"text":"The lack of constitutional recognition of Mapuche peoples undermines their right to development and the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined in the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People and the ILO Convention No. 169.","start":4835.71,"end":4851.15,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4835.71,"end":4835.91},{"text":"lack","start":4835.91,"end":4836.19},{"text":"of","start":4836.19,"end":4836.35},{"text":"constitutional","start":4836.35,"end":4837.11},{"text":"recognition","start":4837.11,"end":4837.83},{"text":"of","start":4837.83,"end":4837.95},{"text":"Mapuche","start":4837.95,"end":4838.39},{"text":"peoples","start":4838.43,"end":4839.07},{"text":"undermines","start":4839.31,"end":4840.11},{"text":"their","start":4840.11,"end":4840.35},{"text":"right","start":4840.35,"end":4840.55},{"text":"to","start":4840.55,"end":4840.63},{"text":"development","start":4840.63,"end":4841.39},{"text":"and","start":4841.67,"end":4841.79},{"text":"the","start":4841.79,"end":4841.87},{"text":"full","start":4841.87,"end":4842.15},{"text":"enjoyment","start":4842.15,"end":4842.83},{"text":"of","start":4842.83,"end":4842.99},{"text":"the","start":4842.99,"end":4843.15},{"text":"rights","start":4843.15,"end":4843.63},{"text":"enshrined","start":4843.87,"end":4844.51},{"text":"in","start":4844.51,"end":4844.75},{"text":"the","start":4844.75,"end":4844.87},{"text":"Declaration","start":4844.87,"end":4845.59},{"text":"on","start":4845.59,"end":4845.71},{"text":"the","start":4845.71,"end":4845.79},{"text":"Rights","start":4845.79,"end":4846.11},{"text":"of","start":4846.11,"end":4846.19},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4846.19,"end":4846.83},{"text":"People","start":4846.83,"end":4847.31},{"text":"and","start":4847.55,"end":4847.83},{"text":"the","start":4847.83,"end":4847.91},{"text":"ILO","start":4847.91,"end":4848.27},{"text":"Convention","start":4848.27,"end":4849.15},{"text":"No.","start":4849.19,"end":4849.35},{"text":"169.","start":4849.39,"end":4851.15}]},{"text":"The right to development plays a key role in realizing indigenous rights, especially the right to self-determination.","start":4851.75,"end":4858.55,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4851.75,"end":4851.95},{"text":"right","start":4851.95,"end":4852.11},{"text":"to","start":4852.11,"end":4852.19},{"text":"development","start":4852.19,"end":4852.83},{"text":"plays","start":4852.83,"end":4853.19},{"text":"a","start":4853.19,"end":4853.27},{"text":"key","start":4853.27,"end":4853.51},{"text":"role","start":4853.51,"end":4853.91},{"text":"in","start":4853.91,"end":4854.03},{"text":"realizing","start":4854.03,"end":4854.71},{"text":"indigenous","start":4854.71,"end":4855.35},{"text":"rights,","start":4855.35,"end":4855.83},{"text":"especially","start":4856.07,"end":4856.79},{"text":"the","start":4856.79,"end":4856.87},{"text":"right","start":4856.87,"end":4857.23},{"text":"to","start":4857.23,"end":4857.31},{"text":"self-determination.","start":4857.31,"end":4858.55}]},{"text":"In this regard, they must have a meaningful role in designing, implementing, and monitoring development policies.","start":4858.95,"end":4865.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4858.95,"end":4859.19},{"text":"this","start":4859.19,"end":4859.43},{"text":"regard,","start":4859.43,"end":4859.99},{"text":"they","start":4860.15,"end":4860.39},{"text":"must","start":4860.39,"end":4860.63},{"text":"have","start":4860.63,"end":4860.83},{"text":"a","start":4860.83,"end":4860.87},{"text":"meaningful","start":4860.87,"end":4861.43},{"text":"role","start":4861.43,"end":4861.75},{"text":"in","start":4861.75,"end":4861.87},{"text":"designing,","start":4861.87,"end":4862.71},{"text":"implementing,","start":4862.71,"end":4863.67},{"text":"and","start":4863.79,"end":4863.91},{"text":"monitoring","start":4863.91,"end":4864.63},{"text":"development","start":4864.63,"end":4865.27},{"text":"policies.","start":4865.27,"end":4865.99}]},{"text":"Unfortunately, as we have observed in the field, this is far from the reality.","start":4866.55,"end":4871.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":4866.55,"end":4867.51},{"text":"as","start":4867.51,"end":4867.75},{"text":"we","start":4867.75,"end":4867.87},{"text":"have","start":4867.87,"end":4868.07},{"text":"observed","start":4868.23,"end":4869.03},{"text":"in","start":4869.03,"end":4869.19},{"text":"the","start":4869.19,"end":4869.35},{"text":"field,","start":4869.35,"end":4869.83},{"text":"this","start":4870.15,"end":4870.35},{"text":"is","start":4870.35,"end":4870.63},{"text":"far","start":4870.63,"end":4870.95},{"text":"from","start":4870.95,"end":4871.11},{"text":"the","start":4871.11,"end":4871.27},{"text":"reality.","start":4871.27,"end":4871.99}]},{"text":"Indigenous communities are considered an obstacle to development.","start":4872.43,"end":4875.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":4872.43,"end":4873.07},{"text":"communities","start":4873.07,"end":4873.59},{"text":"are","start":4873.59,"end":4873.71},{"text":"considered","start":4873.71,"end":4874.31},{"text":"an","start":4874.31,"end":4874.43},{"text":"obstacle","start":4874.43,"end":4874.99},{"text":"to","start":4874.99,"end":4875.07},{"text":"development.","start":4875.07,"end":4875.87}]},{"text":"FPIC is too often disregarded, excluding them from decisions that directly affect their lives and territories.","start":4876.19,"end":4883.87,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"FPIC","start":4876.19,"end":4876.71},{"text":"is","start":4877.15,"end":4877.47},{"text":"too","start":4877.47,"end":4877.59},{"text":"often","start":4877.59,"end":4877.95},{"text":"disregarded,","start":4877.95,"end":4878.83},{"text":"excluding","start":4879.07,"end":4879.67},{"text":"them","start":4879.67,"end":4879.95},{"text":"from","start":4879.95,"end":4880.11},{"text":"decisions","start":4880.11,"end":4880.83},{"text":"that","start":4881.07,"end":4881.27},{"text":"directly","start":4881.27,"end":4881.79},{"text":"affect","start":4881.79,"end":4882.27},{"text":"their","start":4882.27,"end":4882.51},{"text":"lives","start":4882.51,"end":4882.91},{"text":"and","start":4882.91,"end":4883.11},{"text":"territories.","start":4883.11,"end":4883.87}]},{"text":"Instead, respecting Indigenous peoples' institutions, territorial rights, cultural identities, and autonomy, in accordance with international human rights standards, is crucial in realizing the right to development and self-determination.","start":4884.35,"end":4898.75,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."}],"words":[{"text":"Instead,","start":4884.35,"end":4884.91},{"text":"respecting","start":4884.91,"end":4885.63},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4885.63,"end":4886.19},{"text":"peoples'","start":4886.19,"end":4886.59},{"text":"institutions,","start":4886.59,"end":4887.39},{"text":"territorial","start":4887.39,"end":4887.99},{"text":"rights,","start":4887.99,"end":4888.51},{"text":"cultural","start":4888.75,"end":4889.27},{"text":"identities,","start":4889.27,"end":4890.03},{"text":"and","start":4890.03,"end":4890.27},{"text":"autonomy,","start":4890.27,"end":4890.83},{"text":"in","start":4891.07,"end":4891.31},{"text":"accordance","start":4891.31,"end":4891.87},{"text":"with","start":4891.87,"end":4892.11},{"text":"international","start":4892.11,"end":4892.83},{"text":"human","start":4892.83,"end":4893.11},{"text":"rights","start":4893.11,"end":4893.39},{"text":"standards,","start":4893.39,"end":4894.03},{"text":"is","start":4894.11,"end":4894.35},{"text":"crucial","start":4894.35,"end":4894.99},{"text":"in","start":4895.23,"end":4895.35},{"text":"realizing","start":4895.35,"end":4895.95},{"text":"the","start":4895.95,"end":4896.07},{"text":"right","start":4896.07,"end":4896.31},{"text":"to","start":4896.31,"end":4896.39},{"text":"development","start":4896.39,"end":4897.11},{"text":"and","start":4897.31,"end":4897.47},{"text":"self-determination.","start":4897.47,"end":4898.75}]},{"text":"Likewise, due diligence and FPIC processes must be more inclusive, participatory, representative, respecting Indigenous people on cultural protocols.","start":4899.23,"end":4910.19,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Likewise,","start":4899.23,"end":4900.03},{"text":"due","start":4900.11,"end":4900.35},{"text":"diligence","start":4900.35,"end":4901.07},{"text":"and","start":4901.07,"end":4901.31},{"text":"FPIC","start":4901.31,"end":4901.91},{"text":"processes","start":4902.27,"end":4903.07},{"text":"must","start":4903.39,"end":4903.67},{"text":"be","start":4903.67,"end":4903.79},{"text":"more","start":4903.79,"end":4904.11},{"text":"inclusive,","start":4904.11,"end":4904.71},{"text":"participatory,","start":4904.71,"end":4905.59},{"text":"representative,","start":4905.59,"end":4906.59},{"text":"respecting","start":4906.83,"end":4907.59},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4907.59,"end":4908.23},{"text":"people","start":4908.23,"end":4908.71},{"text":"on","start":4908.71,"end":4908.83},{"text":"cultural","start":4908.83,"end":4909.39},{"text":"protocols.","start":4909.39,"end":4910.19}]},{"text":"Failure to respect such protocols for convening consultation with Indigenous communities together with linguistic barriers and the use of legal terminology undermine the legitimacy and effectiveness of the process.","start":4910.75,"end":4925.71,"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"Failure","start":4910.75,"end":4911.23},{"text":"to","start":4911.23,"end":4911.35},{"text":"respect","start":4911.35,"end":4911.79},{"text":"such","start":4911.79,"end":4912.03},{"text":"protocols","start":4912.03,"end":4912.75},{"text":"for","start":4912.75,"end":4912.91},{"text":"convening","start":4912.91,"end":4913.63},{"text":"consultation","start":4913.71,"end":4914.67},{"text":"with","start":4914.83,"end":4915.07},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4915.07,"end":4915.71},{"text":"communities","start":4915.71,"end":4916.35},{"text":"together","start":4916.35,"end":4916.91},{"text":"with","start":4916.91,"end":4917.15},{"text":"linguistic","start":4917.15,"end":4917.75},{"text":"barriers","start":4917.79,"end":4918.59},{"text":"and","start":4918.83,"end":4919.07},{"text":"the","start":4919.07,"end":4919.15},{"text":"use","start":4919.15,"end":4919.47},{"text":"of","start":4919.47,"end":4919.55},{"text":"legal","start":4919.55,"end":4920.19},{"text":"terminology","start":4920.27,"end":4921.31},{"text":"undermine","start":4921.63,"end":4922.35},{"text":"the","start":4922.35,"end":4922.51},{"text":"legitimacy","start":4922.51,"end":4923.39},{"text":"and","start":4923.39,"end":4923.59},{"text":"effectiveness","start":4923.59,"end":4924.35},{"text":"of","start":4924.67,"end":4924.79},{"text":"the","start":4924.79,"end":4924.95},{"text":"process.","start":4924.99,"end":4925.71}]},{"text":"A right to development approach provides a blueprint for advancing shared decision-making while respecting Indigenous Peoples' rights and governance.","start":4927.07,"end":4935.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":4927.07,"end":4927.11},{"text":"right","start":4927.11,"end":4927.35},{"text":"to","start":4927.35,"end":4927.47},{"text":"development","start":4927.47,"end":4928.07},{"text":"approach","start":4928.07,"end":4928.51},{"text":"provides","start":4928.51,"end":4929.15},{"text":"a","start":4929.15,"end":4929.23},{"text":"blueprint","start":4929.23,"end":4929.87},{"text":"for","start":4929.87,"end":4930.11},{"text":"advancing","start":4930.11,"end":4930.71},{"text":"shared","start":4930.71,"end":4931.03},{"text":"decision-making","start":4931.03,"end":4932.03},{"text":"while","start":4932.23,"end":4932.51},{"text":"respecting","start":4932.51,"end":4933.15},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4933.15,"end":4933.79},{"text":"Peoples'","start":4933.79,"end":4934.19},{"text":"rights","start":4934.19,"end":4934.67},{"text":"and","start":4934.71,"end":4934.91},{"text":"governance.","start":4934.91,"end":4935.71}]},{"text":"It is therefore crucial to draw a new, fair paradigm based on cooperation and mutual understanding between States, corporations, and Indigenous Peoples, recognizing the latter as the right holders entitled to define their own development priorities and strategies.","start":4936.19,"end":4953.63,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4954.27,"end":4954.43},{"text":"the","start":4954.43,"end":4954.59},{"text":"perspective","start":4954.59,"end":4955.31},{"text":"of","start":4955.31,"end":4955.39},{"text":"such","start":4955.39,"end":4955.79},{"text":"a","start":4955.79,"end":4955.83},{"text":"renewed","start":4955.83,"end":4956.23},{"text":"paradigm,","start":4956.23,"end":4956.99},{"text":"the","start":4957.23,"end":4957.39},{"text":"right","start":4957.39,"end":4957.59},{"text":"to","start":4957.59,"end":4957.71},{"text":"development","start":4957.71,"end":4958.39},{"text":"of","start":4958.39,"end":4958.51},{"text":"Indigenous","start":4958.51,"end":4959.15},{"text":"Peoples","start":4959.15,"end":4959.67},{"text":"has","start":4959.67,"end":4959.79},{"text":"a","start":4959.79,"end":4959.83},{"text":"key","start":4959.83,"end":4960.03},{"text":"role.","start":4960.03,"end":4960.43}]},{"text":"It calls for a social institutional transformation founded on a deep cultural shift, which overcomes structural violence and injustice and ensures meaningful and active participation in the decision-making process.","start":4960.75,"end":4974.19,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. 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through its rapporteur Alfonso Martínez, was a key player in the adoption of that statement.","start":5017.03,"end":5022.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuba,","start":5017.03,"end":5017.35},{"text":"through","start":5017.67,"end":5017.99},{"text":"its","start":5017.99,"end":5018.23},{"text":"rapporteur","start":5018.23,"end":5018.71},{"text":"Alfonso","start":5018.79,"end":5019.35},{"text":"Martínez,","start":5019.35,"end":5019.99},{"text":"was","start":5019.99,"end":5020.15},{"text":"a","start":5020.23,"end":5020.27},{"text":"key","start":5020.27,"end":5020.47},{"text":"player","start":5020.47,"end":5020.79},{"text":"in","start":5020.79,"end":5020.91},{"text":"the","start":5020.91,"end":5020.99},{"text":"adoption","start":5020.99,"end":5021.39},{"text":"of","start":5021.39,"end":5021.47},{"text":"that","start":5021.47,"end":5021.63},{"text":"statement.","start":5021.63,"end":5022.31}]},{"text":"We hope that the voices of peoples will overcome a United Nations view which is limited to the positions of States' executive powers, and we hope that the Organization contributes to dismantling the mechanisms which enable the US to impose illegal sanctions.","start":5022.87,"end":5037.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5022.87,"end":5023.11},{"text":"hope","start":5023.11,"end":5023.27},{"text":"that","start":5023.27,"end":5023.39},{"text":"the","start":5023.39,"end":5023.47},{"text":"voices","start":5023.47,"end":5023.99},{"text":"of","start":5023.99,"end":5024.23},{"text":"peoples","start":5024.23,"end":5024.87},{"text":"will","start":5024.87,"end":5025.11},{"text":"overcome","start":5025.11,"end":5025.91},{"text":"a","start":5027.11,"end":5027.15},{"text":"United","start":5027.15,"end":5027.51},{"text":"Nations","start":5027.51,"end":5027.99},{"text":"view","start":5027.99,"end":5028.19},{"text":"which","start":5028.19,"end":5028.39},{"text":"is","start":5028.39,"end":5028.55},{"text":"limited","start":5028.55,"end":5028.99},{"text":"to","start":5028.99,"end":5029.11},{"text":"the","start":5029.11,"end":5029.19},{"text":"positions","start":5029.19,"end":5029.83},{"text":"of","start":5029.83,"end":5030.07},{"text":"States'","start":5030.07,"end":5030.55},{"text":"executive","start":5030.55,"end":5031.03},{"text":"powers,","start":5031.03,"end":5031.51},{"text":"and","start":5031.91,"end":5032.07},{"text":"we","start":5032.07,"end":5032.15},{"text":"hope","start":5032.15,"end":5032.35},{"text":"that","start":5032.35,"end":5032.47},{"text":"the","start":5032.47,"end":5032.55},{"text":"Organization","start":5032.55,"end":5033.19},{"text":"contributes","start":5033.19,"end":5033.67},{"text":"to","start":5033.67,"end":5033.79},{"text":"dismantling","start":5033.79,"end":5034.47},{"text":"the","start":5034.47,"end":5034.55},{"text":"mechanisms","start":5034.55,"end":5035.07},{"text":"which","start":5035.07,"end":5035.23},{"text":"enable","start":5035.23,"end":5035.59},{"text":"the","start":5035.59,"end":5035.79},{"text":"US","start":5035.83,"end":5035.99},{"text":"to","start":5035.99,"end":5036.11},{"text":"impose","start":5036.11,"end":5036.47},{"text":"illegal","start":5036.47,"end":5036.79},{"text":"sanctions.","start":5036.79,"end":5037.51}]},{"text":"That is why we support the internationalist coordination of anti-imperialist social movements of the Abiyayela.","start":5038.19,"end":5045.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":5038.19,"end":5038.43},{"text":"is","start":5038.43,"end":5038.59},{"text":"why","start":5038.59,"end":5038.99},{"text":"we","start":5039.23,"end":5039.47},{"text":"support","start":5039.47,"end":5040.19},{"text":"the","start":5040.19,"end":5040.39},{"text":"internationalist","start":5040.43,"end":5041.39},{"text":"coordination","start":5041.39,"end":5042.19},{"text":"of","start":5042.51,"end":5042.67},{"text":"anti-imperialist","start":5042.67,"end":5043.71},{"text":"social","start":5043.71,"end":5044.15},{"text":"movements","start":5044.15,"end":5044.59},{"text":"of","start":5044.59,"end":5044.83},{"text":"the","start":5044.83,"end":5044.95},{"text":"Abiyayela.","start":5044.99,"end":5045.87}]},{"text":"This is an anti-imperialist, anti-capitalist, anti-colonialist, and anti-fascist organization, which is committed to building societies that are socialist, community-based, democratic, multinational, and solidarity-based.","start":5046.67,"end":5059.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5046.67,"end":5046.87},{"text":"is","start":5046.87,"end":5046.99},{"text":"an","start":5046.99,"end":5047.07},{"text":"anti-imperialist,","start":5047.07,"end":5048.11},{"text":"anti-capitalist,","start":5048.11,"end":5048.99},{"text":"anti-colonialist,","start":5048.99,"end":5049.91},{"text":"and","start":5049.91,"end":5050.03},{"text":"anti-fascist","start":5050.03,"end":5050.67},{"text":"organization,","start":5050.67,"end":5051.39},{"text":"which","start":5051.87,"end":5052.07},{"text":"is","start":5052.07,"end":5052.19},{"text":"committed","start":5052.19,"end":5052.55},{"text":"to","start":5052.55,"end":5052.67},{"text":"building","start":5052.67,"end":5053.23},{"text":"societies","start":5053.47,"end":5054.11},{"text":"that","start":5054.11,"end":5054.27},{"text":"are","start":5054.27,"end":5054.35},{"text":"socialist,","start":5054.35,"end":5054.99},{"text":"community-based,","start":5054.99,"end":5055.91},{"text":"democratic,","start":5055.91,"end":5056.59},{"text":"multinational,","start":5056.59,"end":5057.31},{"text":"and","start":5057.31,"end":5057.63},{"text":"solidarity-based.","start":5058.23,"end":5059.35}]},{"text":"Along the same lines, it is vital to listen to the indigenous peoples from Dakota, Hawaii, and Alaska, who are claiming their independence from an authoritarian and fascist United States.","start":5059.59,"end":5069.99,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Also,","start":5085.11,"end":5085.51},{"text":"we","start":5085.51,"end":5085.67},{"text":"reject","start":5085.67,"end":5086.07},{"text":"the","start":5086.07,"end":5086.19},{"text":"nuclear","start":5086.19,"end":5086.87},{"text":"cooperation","start":5087.19,"end":5087.99},{"text":"initiatives","start":5087.99,"end":5088.63},{"text":"and","start":5089.03,"end":5089.43},{"text":"rare","start":5089.43,"end":5089.75},{"text":"mineral","start":5089.75,"end":5090.23},{"text":"exploitation","start":5090.87,"end":5091.67},{"text":"of","start":5091.67,"end":5091.99},{"text":"the","start":5091.99,"end":5092.11},{"text":"current","start":5092.15,"end":5092.55},{"text":"illegitimate","start":5092.55,"end":5093.19},{"text":"Colombian","start":5093.19,"end":5093.67},{"text":"government","start":5093.67,"end":5094.07},{"text":"with","start":5094.07,"end":5094.31},{"text":"the","start":5094.35,"end":5094.43},{"text":"US.","start":5094.47,"end":5094.87}]},{"text":"The arrival of the Colombian government happened through electoral fraud, as is the case in Peru and Ecuador, where indigenous peoples are under pressure because of exploitation of mineral resources.","start":5095.35,"end":5106.87,"topics":[{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. 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They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."},{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5107.43,"end":5107.83},{"text":"in","start":5107.83,"end":5108.31},{"text":"the","start":5108.31,"end":5108.47},{"text":"Peruvian","start":5108.47,"end":5108.87},{"text":"case,","start":5108.87,"end":5109.19},{"text":"as","start":5109.19,"end":5109.27},{"text":"is","start":5109.27,"end":5109.35},{"text":"the","start":5109.35,"end":5109.43},{"text":"case","start":5109.43,"end":5109.63},{"text":"in","start":5109.63,"end":5109.71},{"text":"Brazil","start":5109.71,"end":5110.03},{"text":"and","start":5110.03,"end":5110.15},{"text":"Ecuador,","start":5110.15,"end":5110.55},{"text":"they","start":5110.55,"end":5110.67},{"text":"also","start":5110.67,"end":5110.91},{"text":"face","start":5110.91,"end":5111.11},{"text":"the","start":5111.11,"end":5111.23},{"text":"risk","start":5111.23,"end":5111.51},{"text":"of","start":5111.51,"end":5111.63},{"text":"having","start":5111.63,"end":5111.87},{"text":"nuclear","start":5111.87,"end":5112.19},{"text":"energy","start":5112.19,"end":5112.55},{"text":"in","start":5112.55,"end":5112.67},{"text":"the","start":5112.67,"end":5112.75},{"text":"Amazon.","start":5112.79,"end":5113.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Maloka International","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Maloka International"}},{"statement_number":34,"start":5113.79,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:25:14","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much indeed for your statement.","start":5113.79,"end":5115.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5113.79,"end":5113.99},{"text":"you","start":5113.99,"end":5114.07},{"text":"very","start":5114.07,"end":5114.23},{"text":"much","start":5114.23,"end":5114.35},{"text":"indeed","start":5114.35,"end":5114.59},{"text":"for","start":5114.59,"end":5114.71},{"text":"your","start":5114.71,"end":5114.83},{"text":"statement.","start":5114.83,"end":5115.39}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Next, we go to the Arab Council for supporting trials and human rights.","start":5115.87,"end":5118.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next,","start":5115.87,"end":5116.19},{"text":"we","start":5116.19,"end":5116.27},{"text":"go","start":5116.27,"end":5116.43},{"text":"to","start":5116.43,"end":5116.51},{"text":"the","start":5116.51,"end":5116.59},{"text":"Arab","start":5116.59,"end":5116.83},{"text":"Council","start":5116.83,"end":5117.31},{"text":"for","start":5117.31,"end":5117.43},{"text":"supporting","start":5117.43,"end":5117.87},{"text":"trials","start":5117.87,"end":5118.23},{"text":"and","start":5118.23,"end":5118.35},{"text":"human","start":5118.35,"end":5118.63},{"text":"rights.","start":5118.63,"end":5118.99}]},{"text":"The floor is yours.","start":5121.23,"end":5122.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5121.23,"end":5121.31},{"text":"floor","start":5121.31,"end":5121.59},{"text":"is","start":5121.59,"end":5121.71},{"text":"yours.","start":5121.71,"end":5122.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":35,"start":5131.72,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:25:32","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I'm taking the floor on behalf of the Arab Council.","start":5131.72,"end":5143.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":5131.72,"end":5132.04},{"text":"taking","start":5140.68,"end":5141.16},{"text":"the","start":5141.16,"end":5141.28},{"text":"floor","start":5141.28,"end":5141.64},{"text":"on","start":5141.64,"end":5141.76},{"text":"behalf","start":5141.76,"end":5142.08},{"text":"of","start":5142.08,"end":5142.36},{"text":"the","start":5142.36,"end":5142.48},{"text":"Arab","start":5142.48,"end":5142.76},{"text":"Council.","start":5142.76,"end":5143.4}]},{"text":"I'd like to thank the organizers for Giving the floor to NGOs, Chair, members of the group, it's my privilege to say today that as we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development, we need to adopt a precise definition of Indigenous Peoples a definition that would consider the characteristics of these peoples.","start":5143.4,"end":5188.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."}],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":5143.4,"end":5143.6},{"text":"like","start":5143.6,"end":5143.76},{"text":"to","start":5143.76,"end":5143.92},{"text":"thank","start":5143.92,"end":5144.2},{"text":"the","start":5144.2,"end":5144.4},{"text":"organizers","start":5144.4,"end":5145.56},{"text":"for","start":5147.48,"end":5148.08},{"text":"Giving","start":5149.63,"end":5150.27},{"text":"the","start":5150.27,"end":5150.51},{"text":"floor","start":5150.51,"end":5151.23},{"text":"to","start":5151.23,"end":5151.43},{"text":"NGOs,","start":5151.47,"end":5152.51},{"text":"Chair,","start":5153.63,"end":5154.15},{"text":"members","start":5155.55,"end":5156.11},{"text":"of","start":5156.11,"end":5156.27},{"text":"the","start":5156.27,"end":5156.35},{"text":"group,","start":5156.35,"end":5156.83},{"text":"it's","start":5157.55,"end":5157.87},{"text":"my","start":5157.87,"end":5158.19},{"text":"privilege","start":5158.19,"end":5158.99},{"text":"to","start":5159.79,"end":5160.03},{"text":"say","start":5162.99,"end":5163.47},{"text":"today","start":5163.47,"end":5164.11},{"text":"that","start":5164.11,"end":5164.91},{"text":"as","start":5165.23,"end":5165.55},{"text":"we","start":5165.55,"end":5165.79},{"text":"celebrate","start":5165.79,"end":5166.43},{"text":"the","start":5166.43,"end":5166.51},{"text":"40th","start":5166.51,"end":5167.11},{"text":"anniversary","start":5167.11,"end":5167.75},{"text":"of","start":5167.75,"end":5167.87},{"text":"the","start":5167.87,"end":5167.95},{"text":"Declaration","start":5167.95,"end":5168.91},{"text":"on","start":5170.03,"end":5170.31},{"text":"the","start":5170.31,"end":5170.43},{"text":"Right","start":5170.43,"end":5170.71},{"text":"to","start":5170.71,"end":5170.79},{"text":"Development,","start":5170.83,"end":5172.03},{"text":"we","start":5173.23,"end":5173.71},{"text":"need","start":5173.71,"end":5174.07},{"text":"to","start":5174.07,"end":5174.31},{"text":"adopt","start":5174.75,"end":5175.35},{"text":"a","start":5175.35,"end":5175.39},{"text":"precise","start":5175.39,"end":5176.35},{"text":"definition","start":5176.51,"end":5177.31},{"text":"of","start":5177.31,"end":5177.47},{"text":"Indigenous","start":5177.47,"end":5178.11},{"text":"Peoples","start":5178.11,"end":5178.99},{"text":"a","start":5179.75,"end":5179.83},{"text":"definition","start":5179.83,"end":5180.95},{"text":"that","start":5181.27,"end":5181.59},{"text":"would","start":5183.59,"end":5184.07},{"text":"consider","start":5184.47,"end":5185.67},{"text":"the","start":5186.55,"end":5186.71},{"text":"characteristics","start":5186.71,"end":5187.59},{"text":"of","start":5187.59,"end":5187.83},{"text":"these","start":5187.83,"end":5188.07},{"text":"peoples.","start":5188.07,"end":5188.71}]},{"text":"The reality requires us to think and consider a relevant question: how can we celebrate such an occasion while we're facing attacks on indigenous peoples?","start":5188.79,"end":5206.71,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5188.79,"end":5188.91},{"text":"reality","start":5188.91,"end":5189.99},{"text":"requires","start":5192.07,"end":5192.95},{"text":"us","start":5192.95,"end":5193.27},{"text":"to","start":5193.27,"end":5193.59},{"text":"think","start":5194.15,"end":5194.71},{"text":"and","start":5194.71,"end":5194.87},{"text":"consider","start":5194.87,"end":5195.67},{"text":"a","start":5195.67,"end":5195.71},{"text":"relevant","start":5195.71,"end":5196.15},{"text":"question:","start":5196.15,"end":5196.63},{"text":"how","start":5196.63,"end":5196.95},{"text":"can","start":5196.95,"end":5197.43},{"text":"we","start":5197.43,"end":5197.75},{"text":"celebrate","start":5197.99,"end":5198.63},{"text":"such","start":5198.63,"end":5198.99},{"text":"an","start":5198.99,"end":5199.11},{"text":"occasion","start":5199.11,"end":5199.99},{"text":"while","start":5201.23,"end":5201.67},{"text":"we're","start":5201.67,"end":5201.91},{"text":"facing","start":5201.91,"end":5202.79},{"text":"attacks","start":5204.39,"end":5205.03},{"text":"on","start":5205.03,"end":5205.27},{"text":"indigenous","start":5205.27,"end":5205.83},{"text":"peoples?","start":5205.83,"end":5206.71}]},{"text":"who cannot enjoy their right to self-determination.","start":5208.91,"end":5212.83,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"who","start":5208.91,"end":5209.39},{"text":"cannot","start":5209.55,"end":5210.07},{"text":"enjoy","start":5210.07,"end":5210.59},{"text":"their","start":5210.59,"end":5210.95},{"text":"right","start":5210.95,"end":5211.27},{"text":"to","start":5211.27,"end":5211.35},{"text":"self-determination.","start":5211.35,"end":5212.83}]},{"text":"Today, these peoples are not just excluded from development in economic terms, but they're also limited by occupying powers, and they are seeking to deprive these peoples of their land and their territories.","start":5213.95,"end":5235.71,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. 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They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":5236.91,"end":5237.19},{"text":"being","start":5237.23,"end":5237.63},{"text":"forced","start":5237.63,"end":5238.15},{"text":"to","start":5238.15,"end":5238.27},{"text":"move","start":5238.35,"end":5239.15},{"text":"outside","start":5239.39,"end":5239.99},{"text":"of","start":5239.99,"end":5240.11},{"text":"their","start":5240.11,"end":5240.27},{"text":"territories.","start":5240.27,"end":5241.15}]},{"text":"This is a very dangerous system.","start":5241.71,"end":5243.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5241.71,"end":5241.95},{"text":"is","start":5241.95,"end":5242.07},{"text":"a","start":5242.07,"end":5242.11},{"text":"very","start":5242.11,"end":5242.35},{"text":"dangerous","start":5242.35,"end":5242.95},{"text":"system.","start":5242.95,"end":5243.47}]},{"text":"We see four models then.","start":5244.67,"end":5247.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5244.67,"end":5245.07},{"text":"see","start":5245.07,"end":5245.39},{"text":"four","start":5245.39,"end":5245.87},{"text":"models","start":5245.87,"end":5246.75},{"text":"then.","start":5246.75,"end":5247.31}]},{"text":"First, historic colonialism, following the American model, which seeks to push indigenous peoples out and depriving them of their right to self-determination or depriving them of the enjoyment of their rights.","start":5248.27,"end":5265.39,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5248.27,"end":5248.67},{"text":"historic","start":5249.71,"end":5250.47},{"text":"colonialism,","start":5250.47,"end":5251.47},{"text":"following","start":5252.11,"end":5252.59},{"text":"the","start":5252.59,"end":5252.71},{"text":"American","start":5252.71,"end":5253.39},{"text":"model,","start":5253.39,"end":5253.75},{"text":"which","start":5253.75,"end":5254.03},{"text":"seeks","start":5254.03,"end":5254.67},{"text":"to","start":5254.67,"end":5254.95},{"text":"push","start":5255.07,"end":5255.59},{"text":"indigenous","start":5255.59,"end":5256.27},{"text":"peoples","start":5256.27,"end":5257.23},{"text":"out","start":5258.35,"end":5258.91},{"text":"and","start":5258.91,"end":5259.19},{"text":"depriving","start":5259.19,"end":5259.87},{"text":"them","start":5259.87,"end":5260.07},{"text":"of","start":5260.07,"end":5260.19},{"text":"their","start":5260.19,"end":5260.39},{"text":"right","start":5260.39,"end":5260.63},{"text":"to","start":5260.63,"end":5260.71},{"text":"self-determination","start":5260.71,"end":5262.03},{"text":"or","start":5262.11,"end":5262.59},{"text":"depriving","start":5262.83,"end":5263.47},{"text":"them","start":5263.47,"end":5263.71},{"text":"of","start":5263.71,"end":5263.87},{"text":"the","start":5263.87,"end":5263.95},{"text":"enjoyment","start":5263.95,"end":5264.51},{"text":"of","start":5264.51,"end":5264.67},{"text":"their","start":5264.67,"end":5264.95},{"text":"rights.","start":5264.95,"end":5265.39}]},{"text":"Second, an occupation model.","start":5265.79,"end":5268.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5265.79,"end":5266.39},{"text":"an","start":5266.39,"end":5266.67},{"text":"occupation","start":5267.23,"end":5268.03},{"text":"model.","start":5268.03,"end":5268.51}]},{"text":"The stealing of resources like we're seeing in Palestine.","start":5271.31,"end":5275.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5271.31,"end":5271.55},{"text":"stealing","start":5272.67,"end":5273.31},{"text":"of","start":5273.31,"end":5273.39},{"text":"resources","start":5273.39,"end":5274.03},{"text":"like","start":5274.03,"end":5274.19},{"text":"we're","start":5274.19,"end":5274.35},{"text":"seeing","start":5274.35,"end":5274.75},{"text":"in","start":5274.75,"end":5274.99},{"text":"Palestine.","start":5274.99,"end":5275.63}]},{"text":"The people of Palestine are being deprived of their right to self-determination and the occupying power, Israel, is expropriating indigenous peoples in Palestine by stealing their resources and water.","start":5275.63,"end":5295.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5275.63,"end":5275.75},{"text":"people","start":5275.75,"end":5276.07},{"text":"of","start":5276.07,"end":5276.15},{"text":"Palestine","start":5276.15,"end":5276.75},{"text":"are","start":5276.75,"end":5276.83},{"text":"being","start":5276.83,"end":5277.11},{"text":"deprived","start":5277.11,"end":5277.59},{"text":"of","start":5277.59,"end":5277.71},{"text":"their","start":5277.71,"end":5277.91},{"text":"right","start":5277.91,"end":5278.03},{"text":"to","start":5278.03,"end":5278.11},{"text":"self-determination","start":5278.11,"end":5279.11},{"text":"and","start":5279.11,"end":5279.27},{"text":"the","start":5279.27,"end":5279.35},{"text":"occupying","start":5279.35,"end":5279.95},{"text":"power,","start":5279.95,"end":5280.59},{"text":"Israel,","start":5280.59,"end":5281.39},{"text":"is","start":5284.99,"end":5285.55},{"text":"expropriating","start":5285.55,"end":5286.99},{"text":"indigenous","start":5288.91,"end":5289.55},{"text":"peoples","start":5289.55,"end":5290.27},{"text":"in","start":5290.27,"end":5290.59},{"text":"Palestine","start":5290.59,"end":5291.63},{"text":"by","start":5291.95,"end":5292.19},{"text":"stealing","start":5292.19,"end":5292.99},{"text":"their","start":5292.99,"end":5293.35},{"text":"resources","start":5293.35,"end":5294.11},{"text":"and","start":5294.11,"end":5294.35},{"text":"water.","start":5294.35,"end":5295.07}]},{"text":"Another model then is when we see in African states where militias are now attacking the people of Sudan and depriving them of their rights.","start":5295.83,"end":5308.79,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"Another","start":5295.83,"end":5296.35},{"text":"model","start":5296.35,"end":5296.87},{"text":"then","start":5296.87,"end":5297.35},{"text":"is","start":5297.35,"end":5297.59},{"text":"when","start":5297.67,"end":5297.91},{"text":"we","start":5297.95,"end":5298.15},{"text":"see","start":5298.15,"end":5298.47},{"text":"in","start":5298.47,"end":5298.71},{"text":"African","start":5298.71,"end":5299.27},{"text":"states","start":5299.27,"end":5299.75},{"text":"where","start":5299.75,"end":5299.99},{"text":"militias","start":5299.99,"end":5300.95},{"text":"are","start":5301.75,"end":5301.95},{"text":"now","start":5301.95,"end":5302.55},{"text":"attacking","start":5302.63,"end":5303.83},{"text":"the","start":5304.63,"end":5304.79},{"text":"people","start":5304.79,"end":5305.19},{"text":"of","start":5305.19,"end":5305.27},{"text":"Sudan","start":5305.27,"end":5305.87},{"text":"and","start":5305.87,"end":5306.19},{"text":"depriving","start":5306.19,"end":5307.03},{"text":"them","start":5307.03,"end":5307.59},{"text":"of","start":5307.59,"end":5307.91},{"text":"their","start":5307.91,"end":5308.27},{"text":"rights.","start":5308.27,"end":5308.79}]},{"text":"They're pushing them to move in order to change the nature of society in Sudan.","start":5312.63,"end":5320.07,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."}],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":5312.63,"end":5312.83},{"text":"pushing","start":5312.95,"end":5313.55},{"text":"them","start":5313.55,"end":5313.83},{"text":"to","start":5313.83,"end":5314.03},{"text":"move","start":5314.03,"end":5314.71},{"text":"in","start":5316.79,"end":5317.03},{"text":"order","start":5317.03,"end":5317.35},{"text":"to","start":5317.35,"end":5317.51},{"text":"change","start":5317.51,"end":5317.99},{"text":"the","start":5317.99,"end":5318.15},{"text":"nature","start":5318.15,"end":5318.59},{"text":"of","start":5318.59,"end":5318.71},{"text":"society","start":5318.71,"end":5319.35},{"text":"in","start":5319.35,"end":5319.51},{"text":"Sudan.","start":5319.51,"end":5320.07}]},{"text":"Fourth, We're seeing deprivation of indigenous peoples or prevention of those living near rivers.","start":5320.47,"end":5333.71,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":5320.47,"end":5321.11},{"text":"We're","start":5323.79,"end":5323.99},{"text":"seeing","start":5323.99,"end":5324.31},{"text":"deprivation","start":5324.31,"end":5325.07},{"text":"of","start":5325.07,"end":5325.15},{"text":"indigenous","start":5325.15,"end":5325.79},{"text":"peoples","start":5325.79,"end":5326.75},{"text":"or","start":5327.23,"end":5327.39},{"text":"prevention","start":5327.39,"end":5328.51},{"text":"of","start":5331.39,"end":5331.63},{"text":"those","start":5331.63,"end":5332.11},{"text":"living","start":5332.11,"end":5332.59},{"text":"near","start":5332.59,"end":5333.03},{"text":"rivers.","start":5333.03,"end":5333.71}]},{"text":"They are not able to enjoy their right to self-determination or the use of their resources.","start":5337.23,"end":5344.35,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":5337.23,"end":5337.71},{"text":"are","start":5338.03,"end":5338.35},{"text":"not","start":5338.35,"end":5338.83},{"text":"able","start":5338.83,"end":5339.15},{"text":"to","start":5339.15,"end":5339.39},{"text":"enjoy","start":5339.51,"end":5339.95},{"text":"their","start":5339.95,"end":5340.39},{"text":"right","start":5340.39,"end":5340.63},{"text":"to","start":5340.63,"end":5340.71},{"text":"self-determination","start":5340.71,"end":5342.19},{"text":"or","start":5342.19,"end":5342.39},{"text":"the","start":5342.39,"end":5342.59},{"text":"use","start":5342.59,"end":5342.99},{"text":"of","start":5342.99,"end":5343.23},{"text":"their","start":5343.23,"end":5343.51},{"text":"resources.","start":5343.51,"end":5344.35}]},{"text":"Chair.","start":5344.75,"end":5345.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair.","start":5344.75,"end":5345.27}]},{"text":"All of these challenges are cross-border in nature and interconnected.","start":5348.43,"end":5354.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"All","start":5348.43,"end":5348.71},{"text":"of","start":5348.71,"end":5348.83},{"text":"these","start":5348.83,"end":5349.03},{"text":"challenges","start":5349.03,"end":5349.87},{"text":"are","start":5349.87,"end":5350.27},{"text":"cross-border","start":5351.63,"end":5352.31},{"text":"in","start":5352.31,"end":5352.47},{"text":"nature","start":5352.47,"end":5352.83},{"text":"and","start":5352.83,"end":5353.23},{"text":"interconnected.","start":5353.23,"end":5354.51}]},{"text":"We need a broader approach to define the term of Indigenous Peoples and also to criminalize these demographic changes as mentioned in order to establish a context Within the UN, that's broader, we need to support these people and stakeholders, and we need to tackle those financing these groups, and we must not leave them unpunished.","start":5355.31,"end":5393.95,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. 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must also consider these problems in the agendas of all of our meetings.","start":5397.79,"end":5404.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5397.79,"end":5397.95},{"text":"must","start":5397.95,"end":5398.27},{"text":"also","start":5398.27,"end":5399.15},{"text":"consider","start":5399.87,"end":5400.59},{"text":"these","start":5400.59,"end":5400.83},{"text":"problems","start":5400.83,"end":5401.55},{"text":"in","start":5401.55,"end":5401.95},{"text":"the","start":5401.95,"end":5402.07},{"text":"agendas","start":5402.19,"end":5402.95},{"text":"of","start":5402.95,"end":5403.07},{"text":"all","start":5403.07,"end":5403.27},{"text":"of","start":5403.27,"end":5403.39},{"text":"our","start":5403.39,"end":5403.51},{"text":"meetings.","start":5403.51,"end":5404.51}]},{"text":"and studies and reports that will be drawn up by our group.","start":5405.07,"end":5408.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":5405.07,"end":5405.31},{"text":"studies","start":5405.31,"end":5405.87},{"text":"and","start":5405.87,"end":5406.07},{"text":"reports","start":5406.07,"end":5406.59},{"text":"that","start":5406.59,"end":5406.75},{"text":"will","start":5406.75,"end":5406.91},{"text":"be","start":5406.91,"end":5407.07},{"text":"drawn","start":5407.07,"end":5407.31},{"text":"up","start":5407.31,"end":5407.47},{"text":"by","start":5407.47,"end":5407.71},{"text":"our","start":5407.71,"end":5407.79},{"text":"group.","start":5407.79,"end":5408.11}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5408.11,"end":5408.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5408.11,"end":5408.51},{"text":"you.","start":5408.51,"end":5408.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Arab Council","group":"Arab Council","function":null,"affiliation_full":"Arab Council"}},{"statement_number":36,"start":5408.71,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:30:09","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you for your statement.","start":5408.71,"end":5409.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5408.71,"end":5408.91},{"text":"you","start":5408.91,"end":5408.99},{"text":"for","start":5408.99,"end":5409.11},{"text":"your","start":5409.11,"end":5409.23},{"text":"statement.","start":5409.23,"end":5409.87}]},{"text":"I'll just say with regards to a precise definition of indigenous peoples, that's been debated for many years here in the UN and amongst indigenous 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think the UN has come up with a pretty good definition with indigenous peoples, part of which is self-identification.","start":5419.39,"end":5426.11,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5419.39,"end":5419.43},{"text":"think","start":5419.43,"end":5419.79},{"text":"the","start":5420.75,"end":5420.87},{"text":"UN","start":5420.87,"end":5421.23},{"text":"has","start":5421.23,"end":5421.39},{"text":"come","start":5421.39,"end":5421.55},{"text":"up","start":5421.55,"end":5421.67},{"text":"with","start":5421.67,"end":5421.79},{"text":"a","start":5421.79,"end":5421.87},{"text":"pretty","start":5421.87,"end":5422.11},{"text":"good","start":5422.11,"end":5422.31},{"text":"definition","start":5422.31,"end":5423.07},{"text":"with","start":5423.15,"end":5423.39},{"text":"indigenous","start":5423.39,"end":5423.87},{"text":"peoples,","start":5423.87,"end":5424.35},{"text":"part","start":5424.35,"end":5424.55},{"text":"of","start":5424.55,"end":5424.63},{"text":"which","start":5424.63,"end":5424.83},{"text":"is","start":5424.83,"end":5424.99},{"text":"self-identification.","start":5424.99,"end":5426.11}]},{"text":"Who is next?","start":5430.19,"end":5430.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":5430.19,"end":5430.31},{"text":"is","start":5430.39,"end":5430.47},{"text":"next?","start":5430.55,"end":5430.87}]},{"text":"That's it.","start":5431.91,"end":5432.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":5431.91,"end":5432.35},{"text":"it.","start":5432.35,"end":5432.43}]},{"text":"Okay.","start":5432.43,"end":5432.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Okay.","start":5432.43,"end":5432.75}]},{"text":"That's the end of our speakers list.","start":5433.19,"end":5434.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":5433.19,"end":5433.47},{"text":"the","start":5433.47,"end":5433.59},{"text":"end","start":5433.59,"end":5433.83},{"text":"of","start":5433.83,"end":5433.91},{"text":"our","start":5433.91,"end":5434.03},{"text":"speakers","start":5434.03,"end":5434.51},{"text":"list.","start":5434.51,"end":5434.99}]},{"text":"Should I give time for everybody to wrap up?","start":5438.75,"end":5440.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Should","start":5438.75,"end":5438.91},{"text":"I","start":5438.99,"end":5439.03},{"text":"give","start":5439.03,"end":5439.15},{"text":"time","start":5439.35,"end":5439.51},{"text":"for","start":5439.55,"end":5439.67},{"text":"everybody","start":5439.67,"end":5440.07},{"text":"to","start":5440.07,"end":5440.15},{"text":"wrap","start":5440.43,"end":5440.55},{"text":"up?","start":5440.55,"end":5440.63}]},{"text":"So, yeah, I'd like to give all of our speakers a minute to reflect on the questions, answer any questions, and give a closing statement.","start":5440.63,"end":5449.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":5440.63,"end":5440.75},{"text":"yeah,","start":5440.75,"end":5440.87},{"text":"I'd","start":5440.87,"end":5441.07},{"text":"like","start":5441.07,"end":5441.27},{"text":"to","start":5441.27,"end":5441.35},{"text":"give","start":5441.35,"end":5441.79},{"text":"all","start":5441.95,"end":5442.19},{"text":"of","start":5442.19,"end":5442.27},{"text":"our","start":5442.27,"end":5442.35},{"text":"speakers","start":5442.35,"end":5443.15},{"text":"a","start":5443.47,"end":5443.55},{"text":"minute","start":5443.55,"end":5444.03},{"text":"to","start":5444.19,"end":5444.39},{"text":"reflect","start":5444.75,"end":5445.23},{"text":"on","start":5445.23,"end":5445.31},{"text":"the","start":5445.31,"end":5445.39},{"text":"questions,","start":5445.39,"end":5445.95},{"text":"answer","start":5445.95,"end":5446.19},{"text":"any","start":5446.19,"end":5446.35},{"text":"questions,","start":5446.35,"end":5446.91},{"text":"and","start":5446.91,"end":5447.15},{"text":"give","start":5447.95,"end":5448.15},{"text":"a","start":5448.15,"end":5448.19},{"text":"closing","start":5448.19,"end":5448.59},{"text":"statement.","start":5448.59,"end":5449.11}]},{"text":"So, we will start with Commissioner Peake, the Deputy Permanent Representative of Canada.","start":5450.99,"end":5458.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":5450.99,"end":5451.15},{"text":"we","start":5451.15,"end":5451.31},{"text":"will","start":5451.31,"end":5451.47},{"text":"start","start":5451.47,"end":5451.87},{"text":"with","start":5451.87,"end":5452.15},{"text":"Commissioner","start":5455.79,"end":5456.35},{"text":"Peake,","start":5456.35,"end":5456.67},{"text":"the","start":5456.67,"end":5456.75},{"text":"Deputy","start":5456.75,"end":5457.19},{"text":"Permanent","start":5457.19,"end":5457.55},{"text":"Representative","start":5457.55,"end":5458.23},{"text":"of","start":5458.23,"end":5458.35},{"text":"Canada.","start":5458.35,"end":5458.91}]},{"text":"The floor is yours.","start":5459.15,"end":5460.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5459.15,"end":5459.23},{"text":"floor","start":5459.23,"end":5459.43},{"text":"is","start":5459.43,"end":5459.55},{"text":"yours.","start":5459.55,"end":5460.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; 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well, in behalf of the International Brain Initiative, thank you very much to the panel, and we hope to continue to contribute to the mandate and to all 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They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5811.99,"end":5812.15},{"text":"also","start":5812.15,"end":5812.43},{"text":"have","start":5812.43,"end":5812.63},{"text":"the","start":5812.63,"end":5812.71},{"text":"issue","start":5812.71,"end":5812.99},{"text":"of","start":5812.99,"end":5813.11},{"text":"self-determination.","start":5813.11,"end":5814.23}]},{"text":"It's not about seeking independence.","start":5815.35,"end":5818.23,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":5815.35,"end":5815.59},{"text":"not","start":5815.59,"end":5815.83},{"text":"about","start":5815.83,"end":5816.15},{"text":"seeking","start":5816.15,"end":5816.71},{"text":"independence.","start":5817.19,"end":5818.23}]},{"text":"We don't want to withdraw from the states that we live in.","start":5818.55,"end":5821.51,"topics":[{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. 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over the course of the last three days now, we've heard a lot.","start":6084.71,"end":6088.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":6084.71,"end":6084.91},{"text":"over","start":6084.91,"end":6085.07},{"text":"the","start":6085.07,"end":6085.15},{"text":"course","start":6085.15,"end":6085.47},{"text":"of","start":6085.47,"end":6085.55},{"text":"the","start":6085.55,"end":6085.63},{"text":"last","start":6085.63,"end":6086.07},{"text":"three","start":6086.07,"end":6086.39},{"text":"days","start":6086.39,"end":6086.95},{"text":"now,","start":6086.95,"end":6087.35},{"text":"we've","start":6087.75,"end":6088.19},{"text":"heard","start":6088.19,"end":6088.35},{"text":"a","start":6088.35,"end":6088.39},{"text":"lot.","start":6088.39,"end":6088.87}]},{"text":"I think this is a fitting panel to sort of close out the panel discussions 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it's Indigenous peoples whose food systems are are disrupted when their lands are taken for extractive industry projects or big agriculture projects.","start":6136.35,"end":6144.75,"topics":[{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. 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I want to thank our speakers for all of the points that they made and for taking the time to be 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thank you very much, and I will turn it back to the chair.","start":6419.95,"end":6423.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6419.95,"end":6420.51},{"text":"thank","start":6420.59,"end":6420.87},{"text":"you","start":6420.87,"end":6420.95},{"text":"very","start":6420.95,"end":6421.11},{"text":"much,","start":6421.11,"end":6421.35},{"text":"and","start":6421.35,"end":6421.55},{"text":"I","start":6421.55,"end":6421.63},{"text":"will","start":6421.63,"end":6421.87},{"text":"turn","start":6421.87,"end":6422.03},{"text":"it","start":6422.03,"end":6422.11},{"text":"back","start":6422.11,"end":6422.35},{"text":"to","start":6422.35,"end":6422.55},{"text":"the","start":6422.59,"end":6422.83},{"text":"chair.","start":6422.83,"end":6423.15}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6423.15,"end":6423.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6423.15,"end":6423.39},{"text":"you.","start":6423.39,"end":6423.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert; Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":45,"start":6424.75,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k14/k14lrxnn2c?t=1:47:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Brian.","start":6424.75,"end":6426.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6424.75,"end":6424.99},{"text":"you","start":6424.99,"end":6425.15},{"text":"very","start":6425.15,"end":6425.43},{"text":"much,","start":6425.43,"end":6426.03},{"text":"Brian.","start":6426.03,"end":6426.83}]},{"text":"This concludes agenda item 5B.","start":6426.83,"end":6429.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6426.83,"end":6427.07},{"text":"concludes","start":6427.07,"end":6427.67},{"text":"agenda","start":6427.71,"end":6428.23},{"text":"item","start":6428.23,"end":6428.83},{"text":"5B.","start":6428.83,"end":6429.87}]},{"text":"I would like to express our deep appreciation once again to our distinguished guests for having shared with us their important 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will resume this afternoon at 3:00 PM to continue item three, general debate.","start":6441.63,"end":6448.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6441.63,"end":6441.79},{"text":"will","start":6441.79,"end":6441.91},{"text":"resume","start":6441.91,"end":6442.39},{"text":"this","start":6442.39,"end":6442.79},{"text":"afternoon","start":6442.79,"end":6443.79},{"text":"at","start":6443.95,"end":6444.35},{"text":"3:00","start":6444.35,"end":6444.39},{"text":"PM","start":6444.43,"end":6445.07},{"text":"to","start":6445.07,"end":6445.19},{"text":"continue","start":6445.19,"end":6446.11},{"text":"item","start":6446.11,"end":6446.67},{"text":"three,","start":6446.67,"end":6447.15},{"text":"general","start":6447.15,"end":6447.71},{"text":"debate.","start":6447.71,"end":6448.27}]},{"text":"followed by agenda item 4, coordination meeting with other United Nations mechanisms on the right to development, and agenda item 6, conclusion of the 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would also like to inform participants that those who were unable to take the floor during the panel discussions due to time constraints are invited to deliver their statements during the continuation of the general debate this 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would also like to draw your attention to a side event entitled The Role of State Institutions in Addressing Corruption and Illicit Financial Flows to Foster the Right to 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event will take place from 1:30 to 2:55 PM in this room.","start":6490.31,"end":6496.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6490.31,"end":6490.43},{"text":"event","start":6490.47,"end":6490.79},{"text":"will","start":6490.79,"end":6490.95},{"text":"take","start":6490.95,"end":6491.27},{"text":"place","start":6491.27,"end":6491.67},{"text":"from","start":6491.67,"end":6492.47},{"text":"1:30","start":6492.63,"end":6492.67},{"text":"to","start":6492.71,"end":6494.07},{"text":"2:55","start":6494.55,"end":6494.59},{"text":"PM","start":6494.63,"end":6495.23},{"text":"in","start":6495.23,"end":6495.43},{"text":"this","start":6495.43,"end":6495.67},{"text":"room.","start":6495.67,"end":6496.07}]},{"text":"All are welcome to attend.","start":6496.47,"end":6498.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"All","start":6496.47,"end":6496.67},{"text":"are","start":6496.67,"end":6496.87},{"text":"welcome","start":6496.87,"end":6497.51},{"text":"to","start":6497.51,"end":6497.63},{"text":"attend.","start":6497.63,"end":6498.27}]},{"text":"This meeting is adjourned.","start":6498.63,"end":6499.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6498.63,"end":6498.87},{"text":"meeting","start":6498.87,"end":6499.23},{"text":"is","start":6499.23,"end":6499.35},{"text":"adjourned.","start":6499.35,"end":6499.83}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":6499.99,"end":6500.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6499.99,"end":6500.19},{"text":"you","start":6500.19,"end":6500.27},{"text":"very","start":6500.27,"end":6500.47},{"text":"much.","start":6500.47,"end":6500.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}}],"topics":[{"key":"free-prior-consent","label":"Free, Prior and Informed Consent","description":"Participants called for consent processes that begin before development decisions are finalized and give Indigenous communities genuine influence, including the ability to withhold consent. They criticized symbolic consultations and stressed accessible information, collective decision-making, and respect for representative institutions."},{"key":"business-human-rights","label":"Business and Indigenous Human Rights","description":"Participants examined the harms caused by mining, infrastructure, and other business activities affecting Indigenous territories, including growing demand for critical minerals. They advocated human rights due diligence, enforceable safeguards, accountability, and respect for Indigenous decisions."},{"key":"collective-land-rights","label":"Collective Land and Resource Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted the recognition and protection of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to ancestral lands, territories, and natural resources. Speakers linked dispossession, forced relocation, and restrictions on customary land use to the loss of livelihoods and development opportunities."},{"key":"indigenous-data-sovereignty","label":"Indigenous Data Sovereignty","description":"Speakers addressed Indigenous control over data and knowledge used in research, artificial intelligence, and neurotechnology. They called for legitimate collective consent, shared governance, benefit sharing, and safeguards against technological extraction and exploitation."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-cooperation","label":"Cooperation on Indigenous Development Rights","description":"Participants supported closer collaboration among the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development, the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, and the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. Proposed cooperation included joint guidance, shared studies, and exchanges of good practices to help States advance Indigenous-led development."},{"key":"indigenous-self-determination","label":"Indigenous Self-Determination","description":"Speakers emphasized that Indigenous peoples are distinct rights holders entitled to define their own development priorities through their own institutions. They challenged externally imposed models that equate development solely with economic growth."},{"key":"indigenous-security-protection","label":"Indigenous Security and Protection","description":"Speakers discussed violence, ethnic stigmatization, displacement, and criminalization affecting Indigenous communities and land defenders, particularly pastoralists in the Sahel. They emphasized civilian protection, access to justice, remedies, and protection against reprisals as conditions for meaningful development."},{"key":"cultural-knowledge-preservation","label":"Cultural and Knowledge Preservation","description":"Participants argued that development should strengthen Indigenous languages, cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and customary practices rather than erase them. Several described culturally relevant education, traditional medicine, and community-based development models as practical approaches."},{"key":"indigenous-rights-implementation","label":"Indigenous Rights Implementation","description":"Delegations and panelists discussed constitutional recognition, legislation, national action plans, and policy reforms to implement Indigenous rights. They highlighted persistent gaps between formal commitments and lived experience, calling for effective institutions, monitoring, and accountability."},{"key":"indigenous-environmental-stewardship","label":"Indigenous Environmental Stewardship","description":"Speakers recognized Indigenous peoples’ contributions to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem protection, and climate action. They warned that conservation projects, energy transitions, and climate financing must not undermine territorial rights or exclude Indigenous leadership."}]}}