{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. 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the 14th session of the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development is called to 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we have interesting exchange under agenda item three, general debate, and consider the thematic study on peace and security and the right to 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am pleased to continue our fourth session with deliberation under agenda item 5B, focus thematic discussion.","start":1166.51,"end":1175.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1166.51,"end":1166.55},{"text":"am","start":1166.55,"end":1166.83},{"text":"pleased","start":1166.83,"end":1167.23},{"text":"to","start":1167.23,"end":1167.31},{"text":"continue","start":1167.31,"end":1168.03},{"text":"our","start":1168.03,"end":1168.43},{"text":"fourth","start":1168.43,"end":1168.87},{"text":"session","start":1168.99,"end":1169.55},{"text":"with","start":1169.55,"end":1169.87},{"text":"deliberation","start":1169.87,"end":1170.83},{"text":"under","start":1170.83,"end":1171.15},{"text":"agenda","start":1171.15,"end":1171.83},{"text":"item","start":1171.83,"end":1172.51},{"text":"5B,","start":1172.51,"end":1173.55},{"text":"focus","start":1174.03,"end":1174.51},{"text":"thematic","start":1174.51,"end":1175.07},{"text":"discussion.","start":1175.07,"end":1175.95}]},{"text":"This agenda item 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Secretariat has made available concept notes on its website to frame all discussions.","start":1199.43,"end":1205.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1199.43,"end":1199.55},{"text":"Secretariat","start":1199.59,"end":1200.15},{"text":"has","start":1200.15,"end":1200.39},{"text":"made","start":1200.39,"end":1200.71},{"text":"available","start":1200.71,"end":1201.43},{"text":"concept","start":1201.43,"end":1201.99},{"text":"notes","start":1201.99,"end":1202.55},{"text":"on","start":1202.55,"end":1202.79},{"text":"its","start":1202.79,"end":1203.07},{"text":"website","start":1203.07,"end":1203.71},{"text":"to","start":1203.71,"end":1203.79},{"text":"frame","start":1203.83,"end":1204.35},{"text":"all","start":1204.39,"end":1204.63},{"text":"discussions.","start":1204.63,"end":1205.51}]},{"text":"Our goal is to foster meaningful exchange of viewpoints and experiences among Member States and key stakeholders on various dimensions of the right to 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hope for these dialogues to be concrete, drawing upon effective experiences, good practices, and strategies to address pressing right to development 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first panel discussion will focus on the role of business in realizing the right to development in the age of mandatory human rights due diligence.","start":1228.79,"end":1238.55,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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are honored to have for this panel the following distinguished speakers: Mr. Walter Schutt, Deputy Permanent Representative of Ecuador to the United Nations Office of Geneva; Ms. Li Miao, Field Fisher Europe, ESA and Sustainability Practice Group; Mr. Issaka Garba Abdul, Head of Governance and Human Rights Division at the African Union Commission; Mr. Calvin Kyeong, representing Jinshi International Consulting Service; Ms. Fernanda Hoppenheide, Vice President of the UN Working Group of Business and Human Rights by video message, and Professor Karin Bohan, Copenhagen Business School by video 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very warm welcome to you all and thank you for being with us today.","start":1294.11,"end":1298.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":1294.11,"end":1294.15},{"text":"very","start":1294.15,"end":1294.43},{"text":"warm","start":1294.43,"end":1294.79},{"text":"welcome","start":1294.79,"end":1295.19},{"text":"to","start":1295.19,"end":1295.35},{"text":"you","start":1295.35,"end":1295.63},{"text":"all","start":1295.63,"end":1295.87},{"text":"and","start":1295.87,"end":1296.15},{"text":"thank","start":1296.15,"end":1296.51},{"text":"you","start":1296.51,"end":1296.67},{"text":"for","start":1296.67,"end":1296.99},{"text":"being","start":1296.99,"end":1297.31},{"text":"with","start":1297.31,"end":1297.51},{"text":"us","start":1297.55,"end":1297.79},{"text":"today.","start":1297.79,"end":1298.19}]},{"text":"The dialogue will be introduced and moderated by my fellow expert, Shaowei 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They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":1489.91,"end":1490.31},{"text":"the","start":1490.31,"end":1490.39},{"text":"recent","start":1490.39,"end":1490.87},{"text":"omnibus","start":1490.87,"end":1491.47},{"text":"simplification,","start":1491.47,"end":1492.79},{"text":"the","start":1493.11,"end":1493.31},{"text":"Corporate","start":1493.35,"end":1493.83},{"text":"Sustainability","start":1493.83,"end":1494.35},{"text":"Reporting","start":1494.35,"end":1494.71},{"text":"Directive,","start":1494.87,"end":1495.43},{"text":"conflict","start":1496.31,"end":1496.71},{"text":"minerals","start":1496.71,"end":1497.35},{"text":"regulation,","start":1497.35,"end":1497.99},{"text":"battery","start":1498.71,"end":1499.15},{"text":"regulation,","start":1499.15,"end":1499.83},{"text":"and","start":1500.39,"end":1500.55},{"text":"the","start":1500.55,"end":1500.63},{"text":"regulation","start":1500.63,"end":1501.11},{"text":"on","start":1501.11,"end":1501.23},{"text":"prohibiting","start":1501.23,"end":1502.03},{"text":"products","start":1502.19,"end":1502.67},{"text":"made","start":1502.67,"end":1502.99},{"text":"with","start":1502.99,"end":1503.19},{"text":"forced","start":1503.23,"end":1503.51},{"text":"labor","start":1503.51,"end":1503.95},{"text":"on","start":1503.95,"end":1504.19},{"text":"the","start":1504.51,"end":1504.75},{"text":"EU","start":1505.47,"end":1505.79},{"text":"market.","start":1505.79,"end":1506.35}]},{"text":"Together, they form a multi-sectoral mandatory due diligence framework with extraterritorial reach.","start":1506.75,"end":1513.79,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Together,","start":1506.75,"end":1507.31},{"text":"they","start":1507.87,"end":1508.03},{"text":"form","start":1508.03,"end":1508.35},{"text":"a","start":1508.51,"end":1508.55},{"text":"multi-sectoral","start":1508.55,"end":1509.55},{"text":"mandatory","start":1509.55,"end":1510.27},{"text":"due","start":1510.27,"end":1510.43},{"text":"diligence","start":1510.43,"end":1510.75},{"text":"framework","start":1510.75,"end":1511.39},{"text":"with","start":1511.55,"end":1511.91},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":1512.43,"end":1513.39},{"text":"reach.","start":1513.39,"end":1513.79}]},{"text":"Internationally, in June 2014, the Human Rights Council adopted Resolution 26/9.","start":1515.39,"end":1521.71,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"Internationally,","start":1515.39,"end":1516.27},{"text":"in","start":1516.51,"end":1516.71},{"text":"June","start":1516.71,"end":1516.83},{"text":"2014,","start":1516.83,"end":1518.11},{"text":"the","start":1518.67,"end":1518.79},{"text":"Human","start":1518.79,"end":1519.03},{"text":"Rights","start":1519.03,"end":1519.19},{"text":"Council","start":1519.19,"end":1519.51},{"text":"adopted","start":1519.51,"end":1519.95},{"text":"Resolution","start":1519.95,"end":1520.51},{"text":"26/9.","start":1520.51,"end":1521.71}]},{"text":"by which it decided to establish an open-ended intergovernmental working group on transnational corporations and other business enterprises with respect to human rights, whose mandate shall be to elaborate a legally binding instrument to regulate in international human rights law the activities of transnational corporations and other business entities.","start":1522.63,"end":1543.67,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"by","start":1522.63,"end":1522.75},{"text":"which","start":1522.75,"end":1523.11},{"text":"it","start":1523.11,"end":1523.59},{"text":"decided","start":1523.59,"end":1524.15},{"text":"to","start":1524.39,"end":1524.51},{"text":"establish","start":1524.51,"end":1524.99},{"text":"an","start":1524.99,"end":1525.11},{"text":"open-ended","start":1525.19,"end":1525.83},{"text":"intergovernmental","start":1525.83,"end":1526.55},{"text":"working","start":1526.55,"end":1526.95},{"text":"group","start":1526.95,"end":1527.35},{"text":"on","start":1527.35,"end":1527.67},{"text":"transnational","start":1527.67,"end":1528.35},{"text":"corporations","start":1528.35,"end":1528.95},{"text":"and","start":1528.95,"end":1529.15},{"text":"other","start":1529.15,"end":1529.35},{"text":"business","start":1529.35,"end":1529.75},{"text":"enterprises","start":1529.75,"end":1530.47},{"text":"with","start":1530.47,"end":1530.71},{"text":"respect","start":1530.71,"end":1531.23},{"text":"to","start":1531.23,"end":1531.31},{"text":"human","start":1531.31,"end":1531.59},{"text":"rights,","start":1531.59,"end":1531.91},{"text":"whose","start":1532.47,"end":1532.79},{"text":"mandate","start":1532.79,"end":1533.19},{"text":"shall","start":1533.19,"end":1533.39},{"text":"be","start":1533.39,"end":1533.67},{"text":"to","start":1534.31,"end":1534.51},{"text":"elaborate","start":1534.51,"end":1535.11},{"text":"a","start":1535.43,"end":1535.47},{"text":"legally","start":1535.47,"end":1536.07},{"text":"binding","start":1536.07,"end":1536.47},{"text":"instrument","start":1536.71,"end":1537.71},{"text":"to","start":1537.71,"end":1537.79},{"text":"regulate","start":1537.79,"end":1538.47},{"text":"in","start":1538.71,"end":1538.83},{"text":"international","start":1538.83,"end":1539.35},{"text":"human","start":1539.35,"end":1539.59},{"text":"rights","start":1539.59,"end":1539.75},{"text":"law","start":1539.75,"end":1539.99},{"text":"the","start":1540.23,"end":1540.43},{"text":"activities","start":1540.43,"end":1541.03},{"text":"of","start":1541.03,"end":1541.19},{"text":"transnational","start":1541.19,"end":1541.67},{"text":"corporations","start":1541.67,"end":1542.31},{"text":"and","start":1542.31,"end":1542.51},{"text":"other","start":1542.51,"end":1542.75},{"text":"business","start":1542.75,"end":1543.07},{"text":"entities.","start":1543.07,"end":1543.67}]},{"text":"The negotiation of the treaty has since then been ongoing for already 12 years.","start":1544.79,"end":1550.47,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1544.79,"end":1544.91},{"text":"negotiation","start":1544.91,"end":1545.59},{"text":"of","start":1545.59,"end":1545.83},{"text":"the","start":1545.83,"end":1545.99},{"text":"treaty","start":1546.19,"end":1546.95},{"text":"has","start":1546.95,"end":1547.27},{"text":"since","start":1547.27,"end":1547.51},{"text":"then","start":1547.51,"end":1547.67},{"text":"been","start":1547.67,"end":1547.91},{"text":"ongoing","start":1547.99,"end":1548.79},{"text":"for","start":1548.79,"end":1548.99},{"text":"already","start":1548.99,"end":1549.35},{"text":"12","start":1549.35,"end":1549.99},{"text":"years.","start":1549.99,"end":1550.47}]},{"text":"All of these laws are meant to enforce respect for human rights in both domestic and foreign businesses by regulating the operations and the supply chain relationships of large companies in some way connected to domestic jurisdictions.","start":1552.63,"end":1567.75,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":1582.11,"end":1582.59},{"text":"compliance","start":1583.63,"end":1584.27},{"text":"capacity","start":1584.27,"end":1584.91},{"text":"is","start":1584.99,"end":1585.23},{"text":"uneven.","start":1585.23,"end":1585.87}]},{"text":"Small and medium-sized enterprises face disproportionate cost and legal uncertainty, while better resourced firms are more able to integrate due diligence into established systems.","start":1586.51,"end":1599.15,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. 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let me give floor to our first panelist from a practitioner's perspective, Ms. Li Miao, Fresh Fisher Europe ESG and Sensibility Practice 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I open the floor, yes, yeah.","start":1905.03,"end":1910.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Before","start":1905.03,"end":1905.67},{"text":"I","start":1907.27,"end":1907.43},{"text":"open","start":1907.59,"end":1907.87},{"text":"the","start":1907.87,"end":1907.99},{"text":"floor,","start":1907.99,"end":1908.47},{"text":"yes,","start":1909.75,"end":1910.07},{"text":"yeah.","start":1910.71,"end":1910.95}]},{"text":"And the floor is yours, Ms. Liu.","start":1914.51,"end":1916.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1914.51,"end":1914.79},{"text":"the","start":1915.27,"end":1915.35},{"text":"floor","start":1915.35,"end":1915.59},{"text":"is","start":1915.59,"end":1915.75},{"text":"yours,","start":1915.75,"end":1916.07},{"text":"Ms.","start":1916.07,"end":1916.27},{"text":"Liu.","start":1916.27,"end":1916.47}]},{"text":"You have seven minutes 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it's a pleasure to join today's discussion.","start":1921.51,"end":1928.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":1921.51,"end":1922.11},{"text":"members","start":1922.11,"end":1922.63},{"text":"of","start":1922.91,"end":1922.99},{"text":"the","start":1922.99,"end":1923.11},{"text":"expert","start":1923.19,"end":1923.63},{"text":"mechanism,","start":1923.63,"end":1924.23},{"text":"fellow","start":1924.47,"end":1924.87},{"text":"panelists,","start":1924.87,"end":1925.51},{"text":"and","start":1925.67,"end":1926.07},{"text":"colleagues,","start":1926.15,"end":1926.63},{"text":"it's","start":1926.71,"end":1926.95},{"text":"a","start":1926.95,"end":1926.99},{"text":"pleasure","start":1926.99,"end":1927.43},{"text":"to","start":1927.43,"end":1927.59},{"text":"join","start":1927.59,"end":1927.91},{"text":"today's","start":1927.91,"end":1928.23},{"text":"discussion.","start":1928.23,"end":1928.87}]},{"text":"So drawing on my research and experience advising companies on 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They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1940.87,"end":1941.11},{"text":"first,","start":1941.11,"end":1941.67},{"text":"Current","start":1942.23,"end":1942.71},{"text":"human","start":1942.71,"end":1943.07},{"text":"rights","start":1943.07,"end":1943.35},{"text":"due","start":1943.35,"end":1943.51},{"text":"diligence","start":1943.51,"end":1944.03},{"text":"frameworks","start":1944.03,"end":1944.79},{"text":"reflect","start":1945.19,"end":1945.87},{"text":"the","start":1945.91,"end":1946.07},{"text":"right","start":1946.07,"end":1946.27},{"text":"to","start":1946.27,"end":1946.39},{"text":"development","start":1946.39,"end":1947.19},{"text":"only","start":1947.35,"end":1947.59},{"text":"partially","start":1947.59,"end":1948.23},{"text":"and","start":1948.31,"end":1948.59},{"text":"indirectly.","start":1948.63,"end":1949.51}]},{"text":"Second, while due diligence can support development objectives, certain implementation practices may also produce unintended consequences.","start":1950.87,"end":1962.71,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":1964.15,"end":1964.55},{"text":"Industry-wide","start":1965.43,"end":1966.23},{"text":"collaboration","start":1966.39,"end":1967.35},{"text":"can","start":1967.43,"end":1967.67},{"text":"strengthen","start":1967.67,"end":1968.23},{"text":"the","start":1968.23,"end":1968.35},{"text":"contribution","start":1968.39,"end":1969.27},{"text":"of","start":1969.59,"end":1969.75},{"text":"the","start":1969.75,"end":1969.83},{"text":"due","start":1969.83,"end":1970.07},{"text":"diligence","start":1970.07,"end":1970.71},{"text":"to","start":1970.79,"end":1971.03},{"text":"realizing","start":1971.03,"end":1971.59},{"text":"the","start":1971.59,"end":1971.71},{"text":"right","start":1971.71,"end":1971.91},{"text":"to","start":1971.91,"end":1971.99},{"text":"development.","start":1971.99,"end":1972.71}]},{"text":"Let me start with my first point.","start":1974.95,"end":1976.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1974.95,"end":1975.19},{"text":"me","start":1975.19,"end":1975.31},{"text":"start","start":1975.31,"end":1975.63},{"text":"with","start":1975.63,"end":1975.79},{"text":"my","start":1975.79,"end":1975.91},{"text":"first","start":1975.91,"end":1976.15},{"text":"point.","start":1976.15,"end":1976.63}]},{"text":"So current human rights due diligence frameworks do not require companies to assess right to development as a standalone right.","start":1977.51,"end":1985.51,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1977.51,"end":1977.67},{"text":"current","start":1977.67,"end":1978.07},{"text":"human","start":1978.07,"end":1978.39},{"text":"rights","start":1978.39,"end":1978.63},{"text":"due","start":1978.63,"end":1978.87},{"text":"diligence","start":1978.87,"end":1979.35},{"text":"frameworks","start":1979.35,"end":1980.07},{"text":"do","start":1980.23,"end":1980.47},{"text":"not","start":1980.47,"end":1980.79},{"text":"require","start":1980.79,"end":1981.19},{"text":"companies","start":1981.19,"end":1981.91},{"text":"to","start":1981.99,"end":1982.15},{"text":"assess","start":1982.15,"end":1982.79},{"text":"right","start":1982.87,"end":1983.27},{"text":"to","start":1983.27,"end":1983.35},{"text":"development","start":1983.43,"end":1984.15},{"text":"as","start":1984.23,"end":1984.47},{"text":"a","start":1984.47,"end":1984.55},{"text":"standalone","start":1984.55,"end":1985.11},{"text":"right.","start":1985.11,"end":1985.51}]},{"text":"So instead, elements of the right to development are considered indirectly through the assessments of other human rights risks and impacts.","start":1986.35,"end":1996.43,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1986.35,"end":1986.51},{"text":"instead,","start":1986.51,"end":1987.15},{"text":"elements","start":1987.51,"end":1988.03},{"text":"of","start":1988.19,"end":1988.35},{"text":"the","start":1988.35,"end":1988.51},{"text":"right","start":1988.51,"end":1988.91},{"text":"to","start":1988.91,"end":1989.07},{"text":"development","start":1989.15,"end":1989.95},{"text":"are","start":1990.11,"end":1990.27},{"text":"considered","start":1990.27,"end":1991.03},{"text":"indirectly","start":1991.03,"end":1991.95},{"text":"through","start":1992.35,"end":1992.59},{"text":"the","start":1992.59,"end":1992.71},{"text":"assessments","start":1992.71,"end":1993.63},{"text":"of","start":1993.63,"end":1993.79},{"text":"other","start":1993.95,"end":1994.19},{"text":"human","start":1994.19,"end":1994.51},{"text":"rights","start":1994.51,"end":1994.83},{"text":"risks","start":1995.07,"end":1995.47},{"text":"and","start":1995.67,"end":1995.83},{"text":"impacts.","start":1995.83,"end":1996.43}]},{"text":"For example, principles central to right to development, such as participation, the protection of livelihoods, and the equitable distribution of benefits already appear in many due diligence practices.","start":1997.95,"end":2012.03,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":1997.95,"end":1998.11},{"text":"example,","start":1998.11,"end":1998.63},{"text":"principles","start":1998.63,"end":1999.23},{"text":"central","start":1999.23,"end":1999.71},{"text":"to","start":1999.71,"end":2000.03},{"text":"right","start":2000.03,"end":2000.59},{"text":"to","start":2000.59,"end":2000.67},{"text":"development,","start":2000.67,"end":2001.39},{"text":"such","start":2001.39,"end":2001.87},{"text":"as","start":2001.91,"end":2002.03},{"text":"participation,","start":2002.03,"end":2002.99},{"text":"the","start":2003.87,"end":2004.03},{"text":"protection","start":2004.03,"end":2004.63},{"text":"of","start":2004.63,"end":2004.71},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":2004.71,"end":2005.63},{"text":"and","start":2005.87,"end":2006.07},{"text":"the","start":2006.07,"end":2006.23},{"text":"equitable","start":2006.23,"end":2006.75},{"text":"distribution","start":2006.75,"end":2007.55},{"text":"of","start":2007.55,"end":2007.67},{"text":"benefits","start":2007.71,"end":2008.51},{"text":"already","start":2008.83,"end":2009.35},{"text":"appear","start":2009.35,"end":2009.95},{"text":"in","start":2009.95,"end":2010.07},{"text":"many","start":2010.07,"end":2010.43},{"text":"due","start":2010.43,"end":2010.67},{"text":"diligence","start":2010.67,"end":2011.15},{"text":"practices.","start":2011.15,"end":2012.03}]},{"text":"So we see them reflected in stakeholder engagement and impact assessments, grievance mechanisms and remediation, and responsible purchasing practices.","start":2013.27,"end":2024.47,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2013.27,"end":2013.51},{"text":"we","start":2013.51,"end":2013.59},{"text":"see","start":2013.59,"end":2013.83},{"text":"them","start":2013.83,"end":2014.07},{"text":"reflected","start":2014.07,"end":2014.79},{"text":"in","start":2014.79,"end":2015.27},{"text":"stakeholder","start":2015.27,"end":2015.87},{"text":"engagement","start":2015.87,"end":2016.63},{"text":"and","start":2016.87,"end":2017.07},{"text":"impact","start":2017.07,"end":2017.51},{"text":"assessments,","start":2017.51,"end":2018.23},{"text":"grievance","start":2018.79,"end":2019.27},{"text":"mechanisms","start":2019.27,"end":2020.15},{"text":"and","start":2020.31,"end":2020.55},{"text":"remediation,","start":2020.55,"end":2021.43},{"text":"and","start":2021.75,"end":2022.07},{"text":"responsible","start":2022.39,"end":2023.11},{"text":"purchasing","start":2023.11,"end":2023.63},{"text":"practices.","start":2023.63,"end":2024.47}]},{"text":"So these measures are not presented as development obligations.","start":2025.75,"end":2030.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2025.75,"end":2025.95},{"text":"these","start":2025.95,"end":2026.15},{"text":"measures","start":2026.15,"end":2026.71},{"text":"are","start":2026.71,"end":2026.79},{"text":"not","start":2026.79,"end":2027.03},{"text":"presented","start":2027.03,"end":2027.91},{"text":"as","start":2028.07,"end":2028.47},{"text":"development","start":2028.55,"end":2029.27},{"text":"obligations.","start":2029.27,"end":2030.23}]},{"text":"Rather, they are framed as requirements to identify, prevent, mitigate, and remediate adverse human rights impacts.","start":2030.71,"end":2039.83,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather,","start":2030.71,"end":2031.27},{"text":"they","start":2031.35,"end":2031.51},{"text":"are","start":2031.51,"end":2031.59},{"text":"framed","start":2031.59,"end":2032.23},{"text":"as","start":2032.47,"end":2032.87},{"text":"requirements","start":2033.11,"end":2033.91},{"text":"to","start":2033.91,"end":2034.07},{"text":"identify,","start":2034.07,"end":2034.79},{"text":"prevent,","start":2035.11,"end":2035.75},{"text":"mitigate,","start":2036.15,"end":2036.87},{"text":"and","start":2037.11,"end":2037.27},{"text":"remediate","start":2037.27,"end":2038.07},{"text":"adverse","start":2038.23,"end":2038.63},{"text":"human","start":2038.63,"end":2038.95},{"text":"rights","start":2038.95,"end":2039.19},{"text":"impacts.","start":2039.19,"end":2039.83}]},{"text":"However, when implemented effectively, they can generate outcomes closely aligned with RTD objectives.","start":2040.95,"end":2048.71,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":2040.95,"end":2041.43},{"text":"when","start":2041.43,"end":2041.67},{"text":"implemented","start":2041.67,"end":2042.47},{"text":"effectively,","start":2042.47,"end":2043.35},{"text":"they","start":2043.75,"end":2043.91},{"text":"can","start":2043.91,"end":2044.15},{"text":"generate","start":2044.15,"end":2044.71},{"text":"outcomes","start":2044.71,"end":2045.35},{"text":"closely","start":2045.67,"end":2046.27},{"text":"aligned","start":2046.27,"end":2046.87},{"text":"with","start":2046.95,"end":2047.19},{"text":"RTD","start":2047.19,"end":2047.83},{"text":"objectives.","start":2047.91,"end":2048.71}]},{"text":"So for that reason, I would suggest current human rights due diligence frameworks already operationalize key elements of the right to development, even if they do so indirectly.","start":2049.75,"end":2062.31,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2049.75,"end":2049.91},{"text":"for","start":2049.91,"end":2050.11},{"text":"that","start":2050.11,"end":2050.39},{"text":"reason,","start":2050.39,"end":2050.79},{"text":"I","start":2050.79,"end":2050.87},{"text":"would","start":2050.87,"end":2051.03},{"text":"suggest","start":2051.03,"end":2051.67},{"text":"current","start":2052.23,"end":2052.71},{"text":"human","start":2052.71,"end":2053.11},{"text":"rights","start":2053.11,"end":2053.35},{"text":"due","start":2053.35,"end":2053.55},{"text":"diligence","start":2053.55,"end":2053.99},{"text":"frameworks","start":2053.99,"end":2054.71},{"text":"already","start":2055.03,"end":2055.67},{"text":"operationalize","start":2055.75,"end":2056.79},{"text":"key","start":2057.11,"end":2057.51},{"text":"elements","start":2057.75,"end":2058.31},{"text":"of","start":2058.35,"end":2058.47},{"text":"the","start":2058.47,"end":2058.59},{"text":"right","start":2058.59,"end":2058.83},{"text":"to","start":2058.83,"end":2058.95},{"text":"development,","start":2058.95,"end":2059.75},{"text":"even","start":2060.15,"end":2060.47},{"text":"if","start":2060.47,"end":2060.67},{"text":"they","start":2060.67,"end":2060.79},{"text":"do","start":2060.79,"end":2061.03},{"text":"so","start":2061.03,"end":2061.35},{"text":"indirectly.","start":2061.35,"end":2062.31}]},{"text":"So my second observation concerns implementation.","start":2064.63,"end":2068.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2064.63,"end":2064.79},{"text":"my","start":2064.79,"end":2064.95},{"text":"second","start":2064.95,"end":2065.35},{"text":"observation","start":2065.35,"end":2066.15},{"text":"concerns","start":2066.47,"end":2067.27},{"text":"implementation.","start":2067.35,"end":2068.31}]},{"text":"Two issues warrant closer attention.","start":2069.67,"end":2071.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Two","start":2069.67,"end":2069.83},{"text":"issues","start":2069.83,"end":2070.39},{"text":"warrant","start":2070.39,"end":2070.79},{"text":"closer","start":2070.79,"end":2071.35},{"text":"attention.","start":2071.35,"end":2071.99}]},{"text":"The first concerns the allocation of compliance responsibilities and costs across supply chains.","start":2072.63,"end":2080.23,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2072.63,"end":2072.87},{"text":"first","start":2072.87,"end":2073.43},{"text":"concerns","start":2073.91,"end":2074.51},{"text":"the","start":2074.51,"end":2074.59},{"text":"allocation","start":2074.71,"end":2075.51},{"text":"of","start":2076.27,"end":2076.47},{"text":"compliance","start":2076.47,"end":2077.11},{"text":"responsibilities","start":2077.11,"end":2078.19},{"text":"and","start":2078.19,"end":2078.35},{"text":"costs","start":2078.35,"end":2078.87},{"text":"across","start":2078.95,"end":2079.39},{"text":"supply","start":2079.39,"end":2079.67},{"text":"chains.","start":2079.67,"end":2080.23}]},{"text":"Driven by cascading due diligence obligations, companies pass these requirements down the chain, primarily through contracts and audits, reporting mandates, and corrective action plans.","start":2081.75,"end":2096.23,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":2096.67,"end":2096.91},{"text":"increasingly","start":2096.91,"end":2097.79},{"text":"granular","start":2097.87,"end":2098.55},{"text":"traceability","start":2098.55,"end":2099.55},{"text":"rules.","start":2099.55,"end":2100.03}]},{"text":"While this can help extend human rights standards across supply chains, the associated costs and responsibilities may fall disproportionately on smaller and vulnerable suppliers.","start":2101.23,"end":2114.43,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2101.23,"end":2101.43},{"text":"this","start":2101.43,"end":2101.71},{"text":"can","start":2101.71,"end":2101.87},{"text":"help","start":2101.87,"end":2102.27},{"text":"extend","start":2102.51,"end":2103.15},{"text":"human","start":2103.15,"end":2103.47},{"text":"rights","start":2103.47,"end":2103.71},{"text":"standards","start":2103.71,"end":2104.27},{"text":"across","start":2104.27,"end":2104.71},{"text":"supply","start":2104.71,"end":2105.03},{"text":"chains,","start":2105.03,"end":2105.47},{"text":"the","start":2106.03,"end":2106.19},{"text":"associated","start":2106.19,"end":2106.91},{"text":"costs","start":2106.91,"end":2107.55},{"text":"and","start":2107.87,"end":2108.11},{"text":"responsibilities","start":2108.11,"end":2109.31},{"text":"may","start":2109.63,"end":2109.87},{"text":"fall","start":2109.87,"end":2110.35},{"text":"disproportionately","start":2110.35,"end":2111.71},{"text":"on","start":2111.79,"end":2111.95},{"text":"smaller","start":2111.95,"end":2112.59},{"text":"and","start":2112.75,"end":2112.91},{"text":"vulnerable","start":2112.91,"end":2113.55},{"text":"suppliers.","start":2113.55,"end":2114.43}]},{"text":"So that's why we see in practices, suppliers are expected to pay for audits, fund corrective actions, and invest in reporting and traceability systems without sufficient support from upstream buyers or brands.","start":2115.31,"end":2130.47,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2115.31,"end":2115.43},{"text":"that's","start":2115.43,"end":2115.71},{"text":"why","start":2115.71,"end":2115.79},{"text":"we","start":2115.79,"end":2116.03},{"text":"see","start":2116.03,"end":2116.23},{"text":"in","start":2116.23,"end":2116.35},{"text":"practices,","start":2116.35,"end":2117.23},{"text":"suppliers","start":2117.71,"end":2118.47},{"text":"are","start":2118.83,"end":2118.95},{"text":"expected","start":2118.95,"end":2119.59},{"text":"to","start":2119.59,"end":2119.71},{"text":"pay","start":2119.71,"end":2119.87},{"text":"for","start":2119.87,"end":2120.11},{"text":"audits,","start":2120.11,"end":2120.59},{"text":"fund","start":2121.15,"end":2121.51},{"text":"corrective","start":2121.55,"end":2122.11},{"text":"actions,","start":2122.11,"end":2122.83},{"text":"and","start":2123.19,"end":2123.43},{"text":"invest","start":2123.43,"end":2123.91},{"text":"in","start":2123.91,"end":2124.15},{"text":"reporting","start":2124.23,"end":2124.95},{"text":"and","start":2124.95,"end":2125.15},{"text":"traceability","start":2125.15,"end":2125.91},{"text":"systems","start":2125.91,"end":2126.71},{"text":"without","start":2126.95,"end":2127.31},{"text":"sufficient","start":2127.31,"end":2127.95},{"text":"support","start":2127.95,"end":2128.47},{"text":"from","start":2128.47,"end":2128.79},{"text":"upstream","start":2128.79,"end":2129.27},{"text":"buyers","start":2129.27,"end":2129.83},{"text":"or","start":2129.83,"end":2129.95},{"text":"brands.","start":2129.95,"end":2130.47}]},{"text":"So from a right to development perspective, the question is not only whether due diligence can reduce human rights risks, but also how its costs and responsibilities are shared across the supply chains.","start":2131.43,"end":2145.83,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2131.43,"end":2131.59},{"text":"from","start":2131.59,"end":2131.91},{"text":"a","start":2131.91,"end":2131.95},{"text":"right","start":2131.95,"end":2132.27},{"text":"to","start":2132.27,"end":2132.39},{"text":"development","start":2132.39,"end":2132.95},{"text":"perspective,","start":2132.95,"end":2133.75},{"text":"the","start":2134.15,"end":2134.31},{"text":"question","start":2134.31,"end":2134.95},{"text":"is","start":2134.95,"end":2135.35},{"text":"not","start":2135.51,"end":2135.91},{"text":"only","start":2135.91,"end":2136.23},{"text":"whether","start":2136.23,"end":2136.67},{"text":"due","start":2136.67,"end":2136.87},{"text":"diligence","start":2136.87,"end":2137.59},{"text":"can","start":2137.83,"end":2138.07},{"text":"reduce","start":2138.07,"end":2138.79},{"text":"human","start":2138.79,"end":2139.19},{"text":"rights","start":2139.19,"end":2139.51},{"text":"risks,","start":2139.51,"end":2139.91},{"text":"but","start":2140.31,"end":2140.63},{"text":"also","start":2140.63,"end":2140.95},{"text":"how","start":2140.95,"end":2141.43},{"text":"its","start":2141.43,"end":2141.59},{"text":"costs","start":2141.59,"end":2142.15},{"text":"and","start":2142.23,"end":2142.47},{"text":"responsibilities","start":2142.47,"end":2143.59},{"text":"are","start":2143.83,"end":2143.99},{"text":"shared","start":2143.99,"end":2144.47},{"text":"across","start":2144.55,"end":2144.95},{"text":"the","start":2144.95,"end":2145.03},{"text":"supply","start":2145.03,"end":2145.39},{"text":"chains.","start":2145.39,"end":2145.83}]},{"text":"The second issue relates to risk-based screening and gradual supplier disengagement.","start":2151.51,"end":2157.51,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2151.51,"end":2151.63},{"text":"second","start":2151.63,"end":2151.91},{"text":"issue","start":2151.99,"end":2152.35},{"text":"relates","start":2152.35,"end":2152.87},{"text":"to","start":2152.87,"end":2153.35},{"text":"risk-based","start":2153.59,"end":2154.75},{"text":"screening","start":2154.75,"end":2155.27},{"text":"and","start":2155.43,"end":2155.67},{"text":"gradual","start":2155.67,"end":2156.19},{"text":"supplier","start":2156.19,"end":2156.63},{"text":"disengagement.","start":2156.63,"end":2157.51}]},{"text":"So we see many companies use country and sector supplier risk indices, suppliers call cards, traffic light systems, and other screening tools to identify and prioritize human rights risks.","start":2158.23,"end":2171.35,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2158.23,"end":2158.39},{"text":"we","start":2158.39,"end":2158.51},{"text":"see","start":2158.51,"end":2158.63},{"text":"many","start":2158.63,"end":2158.95},{"text":"companies","start":2158.95,"end":2159.59},{"text":"use","start":2159.59,"end":2159.91},{"text":"country","start":2159.91,"end":2160.47},{"text":"and","start":2160.47,"end":2160.63},{"text":"sector","start":2160.63,"end":2161.35},{"text":"supplier","start":2161.35,"end":2161.95},{"text":"risk","start":2161.95,"end":2162.23},{"text":"indices,","start":2162.23,"end":2163.19},{"text":"suppliers","start":2163.51,"end":2164.07},{"text":"call","start":2164.07,"end":2164.31},{"text":"cards,","start":2164.31,"end":2164.87},{"text":"traffic","start":2165.11,"end":2165.51},{"text":"light","start":2165.51,"end":2165.67},{"text":"systems,","start":2165.67,"end":2166.39},{"text":"and","start":2166.39,"end":2166.63},{"text":"other","start":2166.63,"end":2166.87},{"text":"screening","start":2166.87,"end":2167.27},{"text":"tools","start":2167.27,"end":2167.75},{"text":"to","start":2167.99,"end":2168.19},{"text":"identify","start":2168.23,"end":2169.03},{"text":"and","start":2169.11,"end":2169.35},{"text":"prioritize","start":2169.35,"end":2170.23},{"text":"human","start":2170.23,"end":2170.55},{"text":"rights","start":2170.55,"end":2170.79},{"text":"risks.","start":2170.79,"end":2171.35}]},{"text":"While these tools are important, their impact depends on how they are used in practice.","start":2172.11,"end":2177.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2172.11,"end":2172.31},{"text":"these","start":2172.31,"end":2172.55},{"text":"tools","start":2172.55,"end":2172.87},{"text":"are","start":2172.87,"end":2172.95},{"text":"important,","start":2172.95,"end":2173.59},{"text":"their","start":2173.91,"end":2174.23},{"text":"impact","start":2174.23,"end":2174.87},{"text":"depends","start":2175.11,"end":2175.67},{"text":"on","start":2175.67,"end":2175.79},{"text":"how","start":2175.79,"end":2176.15},{"text":"they","start":2176.15,"end":2176.35},{"text":"are","start":2176.35,"end":2176.47},{"text":"used","start":2176.47,"end":2176.95},{"text":"in","start":2176.95,"end":2177.03},{"text":"practice.","start":2177.03,"end":2177.75}]},{"text":"So in some cases, Suppliers identified as higher risk become the focus of enhanced engagement and improvement efforts.","start":2178.87,"end":2187.31,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2178.87,"end":2179.07},{"text":"in","start":2179.07,"end":2179.19},{"text":"some","start":2179.19,"end":2179.43},{"text":"cases,","start":2179.43,"end":2180.07},{"text":"Suppliers","start":2180.43,"end":2181.15},{"text":"identified","start":2181.15,"end":2181.79},{"text":"as","start":2181.79,"end":2181.95},{"text":"higher","start":2181.95,"end":2182.39},{"text":"risk","start":2182.39,"end":2182.75},{"text":"become","start":2182.99,"end":2183.35},{"text":"the","start":2183.35,"end":2183.47},{"text":"focus","start":2183.47,"end":2184.11},{"text":"of","start":2184.19,"end":2184.51},{"text":"enhanced","start":2184.51,"end":2185.03},{"text":"engagement","start":2185.03,"end":2185.71},{"text":"and","start":2185.91,"end":2186.11},{"text":"improvement","start":2186.11,"end":2186.75},{"text":"efforts.","start":2186.75,"end":2187.31}]},{"text":"In other cases, risk classification influences commercial decisions, leading to reduced orders, relocated sourcing, and eventual disengagement.","start":2188.43,"end":2201.95,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2188.43,"end":2188.79},{"text":"other","start":2188.79,"end":2188.99},{"text":"cases,","start":2188.99,"end":2189.71},{"text":"risk","start":2191.15,"end":2191.59},{"text":"classification","start":2191.63,"end":2192.75},{"text":"influences","start":2193.39,"end":2194.27},{"text":"commercial","start":2194.27,"end":2194.79},{"text":"decisions,","start":2194.79,"end":2195.55},{"text":"leading","start":2195.79,"end":2196.27},{"text":"to","start":2196.27,"end":2196.43},{"text":"reduced","start":2196.43,"end":2197.03},{"text":"orders,","start":2197.07,"end":2197.63},{"text":"relocated","start":2198.67,"end":2199.35},{"text":"sourcing,","start":2199.35,"end":2199.95},{"text":"and","start":2200.27,"end":2200.47},{"text":"eventual","start":2200.47,"end":2200.99},{"text":"disengagement.","start":2200.99,"end":2201.95}]},{"text":"As a result, higher risk suppliers are often excluded from the preferred supplier list and may ultimately face market exclusion.","start":2202.43,"end":2212.35,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":2202.43,"end":2202.67},{"text":"a","start":2202.67,"end":2202.75},{"text":"result,","start":2202.75,"end":2203.39},{"text":"higher","start":2203.55,"end":2204.03},{"text":"risk","start":2204.03,"end":2204.35},{"text":"suppliers","start":2204.35,"end":2205.23},{"text":"are","start":2205.31,"end":2205.47},{"text":"often","start":2205.47,"end":2205.87},{"text":"excluded","start":2205.87,"end":2206.75},{"text":"from","start":2206.91,"end":2207.23},{"text":"the","start":2207.23,"end":2207.35},{"text":"preferred","start":2207.35,"end":2207.87},{"text":"supplier","start":2207.87,"end":2208.35},{"text":"list","start":2208.35,"end":2208.75},{"text":"and","start":2208.99,"end":2209.23},{"text":"may","start":2209.23,"end":2209.47},{"text":"ultimately","start":2209.55,"end":2210.35},{"text":"face","start":2210.35,"end":2210.99},{"text":"market","start":2211.07,"end":2211.55},{"text":"exclusion.","start":2211.55,"end":2212.35}]},{"text":"So from an RTD perspective, the goal is not only to reduce human rights risks, but also to preserve jobs and economic opportunities.","start":2213.47,"end":2224.59,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2213.47,"end":2213.71},{"text":"from","start":2213.71,"end":2214.03},{"text":"an","start":2214.03,"end":2214.15},{"text":"RTD","start":2214.15,"end":2214.59},{"text":"perspective,","start":2214.59,"end":2215.39},{"text":"the","start":2215.71,"end":2215.95},{"text":"goal","start":2215.95,"end":2216.35},{"text":"is","start":2216.43,"end":2216.67},{"text":"not","start":2216.67,"end":2216.91},{"text":"only","start":2216.91,"end":2217.27},{"text":"to","start":2217.27,"end":2217.71},{"text":"reduce","start":2218.03,"end":2218.99},{"text":"human","start":2218.99,"end":2219.35},{"text":"rights","start":2219.35,"end":2219.63},{"text":"risks,","start":2219.63,"end":2220.19},{"text":"but","start":2220.59,"end":2220.83},{"text":"also","start":2220.83,"end":2221.23},{"text":"to","start":2221.23,"end":2221.39},{"text":"preserve","start":2221.39,"end":2221.95},{"text":"jobs","start":2221.95,"end":2222.31},{"text":"and","start":2222.83,"end":2223.15},{"text":"economic","start":2223.19,"end":2223.71},{"text":"opportunities.","start":2223.71,"end":2224.59}]},{"text":"We are enabling smaller, vulnerable suppliers to pursue continuous improvement.","start":2224.99,"end":2230.67,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2224.99,"end":2225.11},{"text":"are","start":2225.11,"end":2225.23},{"text":"enabling","start":2225.27,"end":2225.79},{"text":"smaller,","start":2225.79,"end":2226.51},{"text":"vulnerable","start":2226.51,"end":2226.99},{"text":"suppliers","start":2226.99,"end":2227.71},{"text":"to","start":2227.87,"end":2228.03},{"text":"pursue","start":2228.03,"end":2228.59},{"text":"continuous","start":2228.67,"end":2229.47},{"text":"improvement.","start":2229.87,"end":2230.67}]},{"text":"So finally, let me turn to industry-wide collaboration.","start":2232.91,"end":2236.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2232.91,"end":2233.15},{"text":"finally,","start":2233.15,"end":2233.59},{"text":"let","start":2233.59,"end":2233.75},{"text":"me","start":2233.75,"end":2233.95},{"text":"turn","start":2233.95,"end":2234.19},{"text":"to","start":2234.19,"end":2234.59},{"text":"industry-wide","start":2234.67,"end":2235.39},{"text":"collaboration.","start":2235.39,"end":2236.19}]},{"text":"Industry-wide collaboration becomes increasingly common in due diligence practices.","start":2237.55,"end":2242.03,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Industry-wide","start":2237.55,"end":2238.35},{"text":"collaboration","start":2238.35,"end":2239.15},{"text":"becomes","start":2239.15,"end":2239.71},{"text":"increasingly","start":2239.71,"end":2240.23},{"text":"common","start":2240.23,"end":2240.55},{"text":"in","start":2240.55,"end":2240.71},{"text":"due","start":2240.71,"end":2240.83},{"text":"diligence","start":2240.83,"end":2241.27},{"text":"practices.","start":2241.27,"end":2242.03}]},{"text":"So we see this in sector-wide standards and capacity building programs, joint risk assessments, and common audit platforms, as well as shared grievance mechanisms and collective remediation funds.","start":2242.43,"end":2258.03,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2242.43,"end":2242.59},{"text":"we","start":2242.59,"end":2242.75},{"text":"see","start":2242.75,"end":2242.99},{"text":"this","start":2242.99,"end":2243.23},{"text":"in","start":2243.23,"end":2243.39},{"text":"sector-wide","start":2243.39,"end":2243.95},{"text":"standards","start":2243.95,"end":2244.67},{"text":"and","start":2244.83,"end":2244.99},{"text":"capacity","start":2244.99,"end":2245.43},{"text":"building","start":2245.43,"end":2245.79},{"text":"programs,","start":2245.79,"end":2246.59},{"text":"joint","start":2247.15,"end":2247.47},{"text":"risk","start":2247.47,"end":2247.79},{"text":"assessments,","start":2247.79,"end":2248.51},{"text":"and","start":2248.83,"end":2249.07},{"text":"common","start":2249.15,"end":2249.71},{"text":"audit","start":2249.71,"end":2250.03},{"text":"platforms,","start":2251.87,"end":2252.67},{"text":"as","start":2252.99,"end":2253.15},{"text":"well","start":2253.15,"end":2253.31},{"text":"as","start":2253.31,"end":2253.63},{"text":"shared","start":2253.63,"end":2254.03},{"text":"grievance","start":2254.03,"end":2254.47},{"text":"mechanisms","start":2254.47,"end":2255.23},{"text":"and","start":2255.23,"end":2255.39},{"text":"collective","start":2255.39,"end":2256.11},{"text":"remediation","start":2256.67,"end":2257.55},{"text":"funds.","start":2257.55,"end":2258.03}]},{"text":"So from a right to development perspective, when implemented effectively, such initiatives can promote a more equitable sharing of resources and responsibilities across supply chains, improving access to remedy and reinforcing due diligence contribution to the right to development.","start":2258.67,"end":2280.11,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2258.67,"end":2258.83},{"text":"from","start":2258.83,"end":2259.15},{"text":"a","start":2259.15,"end":2259.19},{"text":"right","start":2259.19,"end":2259.51},{"text":"to","start":2259.51,"end":2259.63},{"text":"development","start":2259.63,"end":2260.11},{"text":"perspective,","start":2260.11,"end":2260.99},{"text":"when","start":2261.55,"end":2261.87},{"text":"implemented","start":2261.87,"end":2262.75},{"text":"effectively,","start":2262.75,"end":2263.71},{"text":"such","start":2263.87,"end":2264.43},{"text":"initiatives","start":2264.43,"end":2265.39},{"text":"can","start":2265.71,"end":2265.95},{"text":"promote","start":2265.95,"end":2266.67},{"text":"a","start":2266.83,"end":2266.91},{"text":"more","start":2266.91,"end":2267.31},{"text":"equitable","start":2267.31,"end":2267.79},{"text":"sharing","start":2267.79,"end":2268.27},{"text":"of","start":2268.27,"end":2268.47},{"text":"resources","start":2268.47,"end":2269.55},{"text":"and","start":2269.63,"end":2269.83},{"text":"responsibilities","start":2269.83,"end":2270.99},{"text":"across","start":2270.99,"end":2271.47},{"text":"supply","start":2271.47,"end":2271.79},{"text":"chains,","start":2271.79,"end":2272.27},{"text":"improving","start":2272.75,"end":2273.55},{"text":"access","start":2273.71,"end":2274.19},{"text":"to","start":2274.19,"end":2274.31},{"text":"remedy","start":2274.31,"end":2274.83},{"text":"and","start":2275.55,"end":2275.87},{"text":"reinforcing","start":2275.87,"end":2276.75},{"text":"due","start":2277.07,"end":2277.23},{"text":"diligence","start":2277.23,"end":2277.79},{"text":"contribution","start":2277.79,"end":2278.59},{"text":"to","start":2278.67,"end":2278.91},{"text":"the","start":2278.91,"end":2279.03},{"text":"right","start":2279.03,"end":2279.27},{"text":"to","start":2279.27,"end":2279.39},{"text":"development.","start":2279.39,"end":2280.11}]},{"text":"So in conclusion, current human rights due diligence frameworks already contribute to the right to development.","start":2281.63,"end":2288.11,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2281.63,"end":2281.95},{"text":"in","start":2282.03,"end":2282.11},{"text":"conclusion,","start":2282.11,"end":2282.83},{"text":"current","start":2283.07,"end":2283.43},{"text":"human","start":2283.43,"end":2283.75},{"text":"rights","start":2283.75,"end":2283.95},{"text":"due","start":2283.95,"end":2284.11},{"text":"diligence","start":2284.11,"end":2284.59},{"text":"frameworks","start":2284.59,"end":2285.31},{"text":"already","start":2285.47,"end":2285.95},{"text":"contribute","start":2285.95,"end":2286.71},{"text":"to","start":2286.71,"end":2286.83},{"text":"the","start":2286.83,"end":2286.91},{"text":"right","start":2286.91,"end":2287.19},{"text":"to","start":2287.19,"end":2287.31},{"text":"development.","start":2287.31,"end":2288.11}]},{"text":"though largely indirectly.","start":2288.43,"end":2290.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"though","start":2288.43,"end":2288.59},{"text":"largely","start":2288.59,"end":2289.23},{"text":"indirectly.","start":2289.23,"end":2290.11}]},{"text":"The challenge is not to dilute the core focus of preventing adverse impacts, but to evaluate how due diligence is implemented in practice.","start":2291.07,"end":2303.63,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2291.07,"end":2291.31},{"text":"challenge","start":2291.31,"end":2291.95},{"text":"is","start":2292.35,"end":2292.59},{"text":"not","start":2292.59,"end":2292.95},{"text":"to","start":2292.95,"end":2293.07},{"text":"dilute","start":2293.07,"end":2293.79},{"text":"the","start":2294.11,"end":2294.27},{"text":"core","start":2294.27,"end":2294.55},{"text":"focus","start":2294.55,"end":2295.23},{"text":"of","start":2295.47,"end":2295.59},{"text":"preventing","start":2295.59,"end":2296.35},{"text":"adverse","start":2296.35,"end":2296.83},{"text":"impacts,","start":2296.83,"end":2297.47},{"text":"but","start":2298.27,"end":2298.63},{"text":"to","start":2298.63,"end":2298.75},{"text":"evaluate","start":2298.75,"end":2299.55},{"text":"how","start":2299.95,"end":2300.27},{"text":"due","start":2300.27,"end":2300.59},{"text":"diligence","start":2300.59,"end":2301.23},{"text":"is","start":2301.39,"end":2301.63},{"text":"implemented","start":2301.63,"end":2302.51},{"text":"in","start":2302.75,"end":2302.91},{"text":"practice.","start":2302.91,"end":2303.63}]},{"text":"So this request asks a broader question: what are the developmental consequences of our due diligence practices?","start":2304.35,"end":2314.43,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2304.35,"end":2304.55},{"text":"this","start":2304.55,"end":2304.83},{"text":"request","start":2304.83,"end":2305.47},{"text":"asks","start":2306.91,"end":2307.43},{"text":"a","start":2307.43,"end":2307.47},{"text":"broader","start":2307.55,"end":2307.95},{"text":"question:","start":2307.95,"end":2308.59},{"text":"what","start":2309.07,"end":2309.55},{"text":"are","start":2309.63,"end":2309.79},{"text":"the","start":2309.79,"end":2309.91},{"text":"developmental","start":2310.11,"end":2310.91},{"text":"consequences","start":2310.91,"end":2311.95},{"text":"of","start":2312.19,"end":2312.35},{"text":"our","start":2312.35,"end":2312.67},{"text":"due","start":2312.67,"end":2312.91},{"text":"diligence","start":2312.99,"end":2313.55},{"text":"practices?","start":2313.55,"end":2314.43}]},{"text":"Answering that demands greater emphasis on shared responsibility and responsible purchasing, alongside supplier capacity building and meaningful engagement.","start":2315.51,"end":2326.83,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Answering","start":2315.51,"end":2315.95},{"text":"that","start":2315.95,"end":2316.27},{"text":"demands","start":2316.59,"end":2317.07},{"text":"greater","start":2317.15,"end":2317.71},{"text":"emphasis","start":2317.71,"end":2318.43},{"text":"on","start":2318.59,"end":2318.75},{"text":"shared","start":2318.75,"end":2319.23},{"text":"responsibility","start":2319.27,"end":2320.27},{"text":"and","start":2320.67,"end":2320.87},{"text":"responsible","start":2320.87,"end":2321.55},{"text":"purchasing,","start":2321.55,"end":2322.19},{"text":"alongside","start":2322.79,"end":2323.55},{"text":"supplier","start":2323.55,"end":2324.11},{"text":"capacity","start":2324.11,"end":2324.51},{"text":"building","start":2324.51,"end":2324.91},{"text":"and","start":2325.31,"end":2325.51},{"text":"meaningful","start":2325.51,"end":2326.19},{"text":"engagement.","start":2326.23,"end":2326.83}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":2327.71,"end":2328.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2327.71,"end":2327.95},{"text":"you.","start":2327.95,"end":2328.11}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Fieldfisher","group":null,"function":"Panelist, ESG and Sustainability Practice Group","affiliation_full":"Fieldfisher"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":2332.67,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=38:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Li Miao. I will now switch to Chinese.","start":2332.67,"end":2336.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2332.67,"end":2332.87},{"text":"you,","start":2332.87,"end":2332.95},{"text":"Mr.","start":2332.95,"end":2333.27},{"text":"Li","start":2333.39,"end":2333.59},{"text":"Miao.","start":2334.43,"end":2334.55},{"text":"I","start":2334.55,"end":2334.59},{"text":"will","start":2334.59,"end":2334.71},{"text":"now","start":2334.71,"end":2334.91},{"text":"switch","start":2334.91,"end":2335.31},{"text":"to","start":2335.31,"end":2335.47},{"text":"Chinese.","start":2335.47,"end":2336.11}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you, Mrs. Li Miao. Mrs. Li Miao not only posed questions She also offered a very efficient solution to her own question.","start":2338.67,"end":2349.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2338.67,"end":2338.83},{"text":"thank","start":2338.87,"end":2339.15},{"text":"you,","start":2339.15,"end":2339.39},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2339.47,"end":2339.95},{"text":"Li","start":2339.95,"end":2340.11},{"text":"Miao.","start":2340.11,"end":2340.51},{"text":"Mrs.","start":2341.31,"end":2341.75},{"text":"Li","start":2341.75,"end":2341.87},{"text":"Miao","start":2341.87,"end":2342.19},{"text":"not","start":2342.19,"end":2342.51},{"text":"only","start":2342.51,"end":2342.83},{"text":"posed","start":2342.83,"end":2343.39},{"text":"questions","start":2343.39,"end":2344.19},{"text":"She","start":2344.51,"end":2344.91},{"text":"also","start":2344.91,"end":2345.63},{"text":"offered","start":2345.63,"end":2346.19},{"text":"a","start":2346.19,"end":2346.27},{"text":"very","start":2346.27,"end":2346.55},{"text":"efficient","start":2346.55,"end":2347.15},{"text":"solution","start":2347.15,"end":2347.87},{"text":"to","start":2347.87,"end":2348.03},{"text":"her","start":2348.43,"end":2348.59},{"text":"own","start":2348.67,"end":2348.99},{"text":"question.","start":2348.99,"end":2349.63}]},{"text":"I would like to invite His Excellency Mr. Walter Schult.","start":2350.19,"end":2356.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2350.19,"end":2350.43},{"text":"would","start":2350.51,"end":2350.75},{"text":"like","start":2350.75,"end":2351.07},{"text":"to","start":2351.07,"end":2351.55},{"text":"invite","start":2352.67,"end":2353.31},{"text":"His","start":2353.79,"end":2354.03},{"text":"Excellency","start":2354.03,"end":2354.71},{"text":"Mr.","start":2354.71,"end":2355.27},{"text":"Walter","start":2355.27,"end":2355.75},{"text":"Schult.","start":2355.75,"end":2356.35}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"To the United Nations Office at Geneva.","start":2357.63,"end":2359.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":2357.63,"end":2357.79},{"text":"the","start":2357.79,"end":2357.87},{"text":"United","start":2357.95,"end":2358.31},{"text":"Nations","start":2358.31,"end":2358.67},{"text":"Office","start":2358.67,"end":2358.99},{"text":"at","start":2358.99,"end":2359.11},{"text":"Geneva.","start":2359.11,"end":2359.47}]},{"text":"And Mr. Schult, I have a question, because in the UN.","start":2361.67,"end":2370.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2361.67,"end":2361.95},{"text":"Mr.","start":2361.95,"end":2362.59},{"text":"Schult,","start":2362.59,"end":2362.99},{"text":"I","start":2365.95,"end":2366.11},{"text":"have","start":2366.11,"end":2366.23},{"text":"a","start":2366.23,"end":2366.27},{"text":"question,","start":2366.27,"end":2366.91},{"text":"because","start":2367.71,"end":2368.35},{"text":"in","start":2368.51,"end":2368.99},{"text":"the","start":2368.99,"end":2369.11},{"text":"UN.","start":2369.23,"end":2370.03}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And under the treaty of trade negotiation, Ecuador made great efforts.","start":2370.99,"end":2381.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2370.99,"end":2371.31},{"text":"under","start":2371.31,"end":2372.51},{"text":"the","start":2373.71,"end":2373.87},{"text":"treaty","start":2374.19,"end":2374.83},{"text":"of","start":2374.83,"end":2375.23},{"text":"trade","start":2376.19,"end":2376.83},{"text":"negotiation,","start":2378.03,"end":2379.31},{"text":"Ecuador","start":2379.63,"end":2380.35},{"text":"made","start":2380.35,"end":2380.83},{"text":"great","start":2380.83,"end":2381.15},{"text":"efforts.","start":2381.15,"end":2381.63}]},{"text":"My question is that what is the relationship between this treaty and the due diligence, the mandatory due diligence, and what impact will they play on trade and business, and in particular, businesses will play what kind of role in all this process?","start":2381.63,"end":2405.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":2381.63,"end":2381.87},{"text":"question","start":2381.87,"end":2382.43},{"text":"is","start":2382.91,"end":2383.55},{"text":"that","start":2384.99,"end":2385.39},{"text":"what","start":2386.47,"end":2387.07},{"text":"is","start":2387.07,"end":2387.23},{"text":"the","start":2387.23,"end":2387.31},{"text":"relationship","start":2387.31,"end":2388.03},{"text":"between","start":2388.03,"end":2388.39},{"text":"this","start":2388.39,"end":2388.59},{"text":"treaty","start":2388.59,"end":2389.23},{"text":"and","start":2389.63,"end":2390.11},{"text":"the","start":2390.43,"end":2390.79},{"text":"due","start":2391.07,"end":2391.31},{"text":"diligence,","start":2391.31,"end":2392.11},{"text":"the","start":2392.11,"end":2392.31},{"text":"mandatory","start":2392.31,"end":2392.75},{"text":"due","start":2392.75,"end":2392.95},{"text":"diligence,","start":2392.95,"end":2393.55},{"text":"and","start":2394.11,"end":2394.43},{"text":"what","start":2394.47,"end":2395.23},{"text":"impact","start":2395.47,"end":2396.27},{"text":"will","start":2396.27,"end":2396.51},{"text":"they","start":2396.51,"end":2396.75},{"text":"play","start":2396.75,"end":2397.23},{"text":"on","start":2398.15,"end":2398.31},{"text":"trade","start":2398.31,"end":2398.95},{"text":"and","start":2398.95,"end":2399.11},{"text":"business,","start":2399.11,"end":2399.59},{"text":"and","start":2399.59,"end":2400.03},{"text":"in","start":2400.07,"end":2400.31},{"text":"particular,","start":2400.31,"end":2400.91},{"text":"businesses","start":2401.43,"end":2402.07},{"text":"will","start":2402.07,"end":2402.39},{"text":"play","start":2402.39,"end":2402.71},{"text":"what","start":2402.71,"end":2402.95},{"text":"kind","start":2402.95,"end":2403.27},{"text":"of","start":2403.27,"end":2403.35},{"text":"role","start":2403.35,"end":2403.67},{"text":"in","start":2403.67,"end":2403.91},{"text":"all","start":2403.91,"end":2404.23},{"text":"this","start":2404.31,"end":2404.71},{"text":"process?","start":2404.71,"end":2405.35}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2405.35,"end":2406.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2405.35,"end":2405.59},{"text":"you","start":2405.59,"end":2405.67},{"text":"very","start":2405.67,"end":2405.83},{"text":"much.","start":2405.83,"end":2406.15}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":5,"start":2408.87,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=40:09","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much indeed, moderator.","start":2408.87,"end":2410.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2408.87,"end":2409.07},{"text":"you","start":2409.07,"end":2409.15},{"text":"very","start":2409.15,"end":2409.31},{"text":"much","start":2409.31,"end":2409.75},{"text":"indeed,","start":2409.75,"end":2410.23},{"text":"moderator.","start":2410.23,"end":2410.87}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, moderator, distinguished members of the Expert Mechanism, distinguished panellists and participants.","start":2414.47,"end":2420.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2414.47,"end":2414.87},{"text":"Chair,","start":2414.87,"end":2415.07},{"text":"moderator,","start":2415.19,"end":2415.75},{"text":"distinguished","start":2415.75,"end":2416.23},{"text":"members","start":2416.23,"end":2416.55},{"text":"of","start":2416.55,"end":2416.63},{"text":"the","start":2416.63,"end":2416.75},{"text":"Expert","start":2416.75,"end":2417.11},{"text":"Mechanism,","start":2417.11,"end":2417.67},{"text":"distinguished","start":2418.47,"end":2418.99},{"text":"panellists","start":2418.99,"end":2419.59},{"text":"and","start":2419.59,"end":2419.83},{"text":"participants.","start":2419.83,"end":2420.71}]},{"text":"To reply to that question, I will divide it up into two components, two sections.","start":2421.83,"end":2427.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":2421.83,"end":2422.15},{"text":"reply","start":2422.15,"end":2422.47},{"text":"to","start":2422.47,"end":2422.59},{"text":"that","start":2422.59,"end":2422.75},{"text":"question,","start":2422.75,"end":2423.27},{"text":"I","start":2423.27,"end":2423.43},{"text":"will","start":2423.43,"end":2423.83},{"text":"divide","start":2424.55,"end":2424.87},{"text":"it","start":2424.87,"end":2424.95},{"text":"up","start":2424.95,"end":2425.07},{"text":"into","start":2425.07,"end":2425.35},{"text":"two","start":2425.35,"end":2425.83},{"text":"components,","start":2425.91,"end":2426.55},{"text":"two","start":2426.55,"end":2426.75},{"text":"sections.","start":2426.75,"end":2427.43}]},{"text":"For the first section, I'd like to recall that whilst the treaty process emerges from the 26/9 resolution, which you mentioned, and this was promoted by South Africa and Ecuador in 2014, dealing with the issue of business and 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Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2611.51,"end":2611.67},{"text":"highlighted","start":2611.67,"end":2612.19},{"text":"the","start":2612.19,"end":2612.27},{"text":"importance","start":2612.27,"end":2612.79},{"text":"of","start":2612.79,"end":2612.87},{"text":"coordinating","start":2612.87,"end":2613.75},{"text":"efforts","start":2613.99,"end":2614.39},{"text":"amongst","start":2614.39,"end":2614.79},{"text":"jurisdictions","start":2614.79,"end":2615.47},{"text":"so","start":2615.47,"end":2615.67},{"text":"as","start":2615.67,"end":2615.75},{"text":"to","start":2615.75,"end":2615.87},{"text":"promote","start":2615.87,"end":2616.23},{"text":"equitable","start":2616.23,"end":2616.71},{"text":"conditions","start":2616.71,"end":2617.35},{"text":"for","start":2617.75,"end":2618.07},{"text":"businesses","start":2618.23,"end":2618.87},{"text":"from","start":2618.87,"end":2619.19},{"text":"jurisdictions","start":2619.19,"end":2619.83},{"text":"who","start":2619.83,"end":2619.95},{"text":"impose","start":2619.95,"end":2620.31},{"text":"more","start":2620.31,"end":2620.51},{"text":"stringent","start":2620.51,"end":2621.11},{"text":"criteria","start":2621.11,"end":2621.71},{"text":"of","start":2621.71,"end":2621.83},{"text":"human","start":2622.07,"end":2622.31},{"text":"rights","start":2622.31,"end":2622.47},{"text":"due","start":2622.47,"end":2622.55},{"text":"diligence,","start":2622.55,"end":2623.11},{"text":"so","start":2623.59,"end":2623.83},{"text":"as","start":2623.83,"end":2623.91},{"text":"to","start":2623.91,"end":2623.99},{"text":"prevent","start":2623.99,"end":2624.55},{"text":"risk","start":2624.55,"end":2624.87},{"text":"reduction","start":2624.87,"end":2625.35},{"text":"mechanisms","start":2625.59,"end":2626.39},{"text":"and","start":2626.39,"end":2626.63},{"text":"prevent","start":2626.63,"end":2627.39},{"text":"businesses","start":2627.39,"end":2627.91},{"text":"investing","start":2628.63,"end":2629.11},{"text":"in","start":2629.11,"end":2629.35},{"text":"high","start":2629.35,"end":2629.83},{"text":"risk","start":2630.07,"end":2630.35},{"text":"contexts.","start":2630.35,"end":2631.03}]},{"text":"So as that prejudice of the mandate to present a new draft of the binding instrument, the current text, article 6 on prevention, establishes that states shall adopt legislative regulatory measures and measures of other types to prevent the participation of businesses in human rights abuses, ensure the respect of human rights by businesses, guarantee the practice of human rights due diligence by companies, and promote meaningful participation of groups and individuals in developing and implementing norms, policies, and prevention measures.","start":2632.71,"end":2669.15,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. 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Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2632.71,"end":2632.91},{"text":"as","start":2632.91,"end":2633.03},{"text":"that","start":2633.19,"end":2633.43},{"text":"prejudice","start":2633.43,"end":2633.95},{"text":"of","start":2633.95,"end":2634.07},{"text":"the","start":2634.07,"end":2634.15},{"text":"mandate","start":2634.15,"end":2634.59},{"text":"to","start":2634.59,"end":2634.67},{"text":"present","start":2634.67,"end":2635.11},{"text":"a","start":2635.11,"end":2635.15},{"text":"new","start":2635.15,"end":2635.43},{"text":"draft","start":2635.43,"end":2636.07},{"text":"of","start":2636.07,"end":2636.31},{"text":"the","start":2636.31,"end":2636.43},{"text":"binding","start":2636.47,"end":2637.03},{"text":"instrument,","start":2637.03,"end":2637.67},{"text":"the","start":2637.75,"end":2637.83},{"text":"current","start":2637.83,"end":2638.27},{"text":"text,","start":2638.27,"end":2638.63},{"text":"article","start":2638.63,"end":2639.03},{"text":"6","start":2639.03,"end":2639.35},{"text":"on","start":2639.35,"end":2639.51},{"text":"prevention,","start":2639.51,"end":2640.31},{"text":"establishes","start":2641.31,"end":2642.11},{"text":"that","start":2642.11,"end":2642.35},{"text":"states","start":2642.35,"end":2642.99},{"text":"shall","start":2642.99,"end":2643.31},{"text":"adopt","start":2643.31,"end":2643.79},{"text":"legislative","start":2643.87,"end":2644.59},{"text":"regulatory","start":2644.67,"end":2645.39},{"text":"measures","start":2645.39,"end":2645.87},{"text":"and","start":2645.87,"end":2646.11},{"text":"measures","start":2646.11,"end":2646.43},{"text":"of","start":2646.43,"end":2646.75},{"text":"other","start":2646.75,"end":2646.99},{"text":"types","start":2646.99,"end":2647.63},{"text":"to","start":2648.27,"end":2648.43},{"text":"prevent","start":2648.43,"end":2649.07},{"text":"the","start":2649.07,"end":2649.19},{"text":"participation","start":2649.19,"end":2650.03},{"text":"of","start":2650.03,"end":2650.51},{"text":"businesses","start":2651.31,"end":2651.95},{"text":"in","start":2651.95,"end":2652.07},{"text":"human","start":2652.07,"end":2652.35},{"text":"rights","start":2652.35,"end":2652.51},{"text":"abuses,","start":2652.51,"end":2653.15},{"text":"ensure","start":2653.39,"end":2653.71},{"text":"the","start":2653.71,"end":2653.79},{"text":"respect","start":2653.79,"end":2654.23},{"text":"of","start":2654.23,"end":2654.31},{"text":"human","start":2654.31,"end":2654.59},{"text":"rights","start":2654.59,"end":2654.87},{"text":"by","start":2654.87,"end":2655.07},{"text":"businesses,","start":2655.23,"end":2655.95},{"text":"guarantee","start":2656.43,"end":2656.91},{"text":"the","start":2656.91,"end":2656.99},{"text":"practice","start":2656.99,"end":2657.39},{"text":"of","start":2657.39,"end":2657.63},{"text":"human","start":2657.79,"end":2658.11},{"text":"rights","start":2658.11,"end":2658.35},{"text":"due","start":2658.35,"end":2658.51},{"text":"diligence","start":2658.51,"end":2659.23},{"text":"by","start":2659.55,"end":2659.79},{"text":"companies,","start":2659.79,"end":2660.35},{"text":"and","start":2660.83,"end":2660.99},{"text":"promote","start":2660.99,"end":2661.55},{"text":"meaningful","start":2661.55,"end":2662.07},{"text":"participation","start":2662.11,"end":2662.91},{"text":"of","start":2662.91,"end":2663.07},{"text":"groups","start":2663.07,"end":2663.47},{"text":"and","start":2663.47,"end":2663.67},{"text":"individuals","start":2663.67,"end":2664.35},{"text":"in","start":2664.67,"end":2664.99},{"text":"developing","start":2664.99,"end":2665.55},{"text":"and","start":2665.55,"end":2665.67},{"text":"implementing","start":2665.67,"end":2666.43},{"text":"norms,","start":2666.99,"end":2667.47},{"text":"policies,","start":2667.47,"end":2668.11},{"text":"and","start":2668.11,"end":2668.23},{"text":"prevention","start":2668.23,"end":2668.63},{"text":"measures.","start":2668.63,"end":2669.15}]},{"text":"That text was broadly discussed at the 10th and 11th sessions of the working group in 2024 and 2025, and included proposals from the Chair aimed at specifying the scope of the human rights due diligence obligation by companies and its operational components, namely the identification and assessment of impacts, the adoption of measures, follow-up of its efficacy, and communication to stakeholders.","start":2669.15,"end":2696.39,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. 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you very much.","start":2908.15,"end":2908.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2908.15,"end":2908.31},{"text":"you","start":2908.31,"end":2908.39},{"text":"very","start":2908.39,"end":2908.55},{"text":"much.","start":2908.55,"end":2908.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ECU","group":null,"function":"Deputy Permanent Representative to UNOG","affiliation_full":"Ecuador"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":2913.59,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=48:34","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I would like to thank Mr. Professor Walter Schorte.","start":2913.59,"end":2916.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2913.59,"end":2913.75},{"text":"would","start":2913.75,"end":2913.91},{"text":"like","start":2913.91,"end":2914.11},{"text":"to","start":2914.11,"end":2914.35},{"text":"thank","start":2914.39,"end":2914.87},{"text":"Mr.","start":2915.11,"end":2915.67},{"text":"Professor","start":2915.67,"end":2916.19},{"text":"Walter","start":2916.19,"end":2916.43},{"text":"Schorte.","start":2916.43,"end":2916.95}]},{"text":"The Right to Development Convention is one of the most important conventions that are being established at the 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together promote the right to development and its implementation across the world.","start":2935.03,"end":2942.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2935.03,"end":2935.19},{"text":"hope","start":2935.19,"end":2935.51},{"text":"that","start":2935.55,"end":2935.75},{"text":"these","start":2935.75,"end":2936.07},{"text":"two","start":2936.07,"end":2936.47},{"text":"conventions","start":2936.47,"end":2937.11},{"text":"can","start":2937.11,"end":2937.51},{"text":"together","start":2937.67,"end":2938.27},{"text":"promote","start":2938.27,"end":2938.95},{"text":"the","start":2939.19,"end":2939.31},{"text":"right","start":2939.31,"end":2939.55},{"text":"to","start":2939.55,"end":2939.67},{"text":"development","start":2939.67,"end":2940.39},{"text":"and","start":2940.39,"end":2940.63},{"text":"its","start":2940.63,"end":2940.95},{"text":"implementation","start":2940.95,"end":2941.83},{"text":"across","start":2941.91,"end":2942.27},{"text":"the","start":2942.27,"end":2942.39},{"text":"world.","start":2942.39,"end":2942.87}]},{"text":"I would like to invite Mr. Issaka Garba Abdu, Head of Governance and Human Rights Division, African Union Commissions representative.","start":2943.91,"end":2958.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2943.91,"end":2944.15},{"text":"would","start":2944.39,"end":2944.63},{"text":"like","start":2944.63,"end":2944.91},{"text":"to","start":2944.91,"end":2945.59},{"text":"invite","start":2946.31,"end":2947.27},{"text":"Mr.","start":2947.99,"end":2948.87},{"text":"Issaka","start":2948.87,"end":2949.43},{"text":"Garba","start":2949.43,"end":2950.07},{"text":"Abdu,","start":2950.23,"end":2950.87},{"text":"Head","start":2951.19,"end":2951.39},{"text":"of","start":2951.39,"end":2951.59},{"text":"Governance","start":2951.59,"end":2952.07},{"text":"and","start":2952.07,"end":2952.39},{"text":"Human","start":2952.47,"end":2952.75},{"text":"Rights","start":2952.75,"end":2952.95},{"text":"Division,","start":2952.95,"end":2953.51},{"text":"African","start":2954.55,"end":2955.35},{"text":"Union","start":2955.35,"end":2955.91},{"text":"Commissions","start":2956.15,"end":2957.35},{"text":"representative.","start":2957.43,"end":2958.31}]},{"text":"I have a question for you.","start":2958.63,"end":2960.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2958.63,"end":2958.67},{"text":"have","start":2958.67,"end":2958.79},{"text":"a","start":2958.79,"end":2958.87},{"text":"question","start":2958.87,"end":2959.51},{"text":"for","start":2959.83,"end":2960.31},{"text":"you.","start":2960.31,"end":2960.87}]},{"text":"How do due diligence requirements affect supplier countries and communities?","start":2961.27,"end":2966.23,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"How","start":2961.27,"end":2961.59},{"text":"do","start":2961.59,"end":2961.83},{"text":"due","start":2961.83,"end":2962.07},{"text":"diligence","start":2962.07,"end":2962.71},{"text":"requirements","start":2962.71,"end":2963.43},{"text":"affect","start":2963.43,"end":2963.91},{"text":"supplier","start":2963.91,"end":2964.63},{"text":"countries","start":2964.63,"end":2965.07},{"text":"and","start":2965.07,"end":2965.27},{"text":"communities?","start":2965.27,"end":2966.23}]},{"text":"And how can regional frameworks help ensure that they advance the right to development in all regions?","start":2966.63,"end":2973.91,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2966.63,"end":2966.87},{"text":"how","start":2966.87,"end":2967.11},{"text":"can","start":2967.11,"end":2967.43},{"text":"regional","start":2967.43,"end":2968.15},{"text":"frameworks","start":2968.39,"end":2969.03},{"text":"help","start":2969.03,"end":2969.51},{"text":"ensure","start":2969.55,"end":2970.15},{"text":"that","start":2970.47,"end":2970.63},{"text":"they","start":2970.63,"end":2970.87},{"text":"advance","start":2970.87,"end":2971.39},{"text":"the","start":2971.39,"end":2971.47},{"text":"right","start":2971.47,"end":2971.79},{"text":"to","start":2971.79,"end":2971.87},{"text":"development","start":2971.87,"end":2972.63},{"text":"in","start":2972.63,"end":2973.11},{"text":"all","start":2973.11,"end":2973.27},{"text":"regions?","start":2973.27,"end":2973.91}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":2973.99,"end":2974.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2973.99,"end":2974.15},{"text":"thank","start":2974.15,"end":2974.47},{"text":"you.","start":2974.47,"end":2974.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":2980.11,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=49:41","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Moderator. Madam Chairperson of the Expert Mechanism, distinguished members of the Expert Mechanism, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, I thank the Expert Mechanism for the opportunity to contribute to this important 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discussion takes place at a significant moment.","start":2999.63,"end":3003.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2999.63,"end":2999.87},{"text":"discussion","start":2999.87,"end":3000.75},{"text":"takes","start":3000.75,"end":3001.07},{"text":"place","start":3001.07,"end":3001.55},{"text":"at","start":3001.79,"end":3002.19},{"text":"a","start":3002.75,"end":3002.79},{"text":"significant","start":3002.79,"end":3003.31},{"text":"moment.","start":3003.31,"end":3003.87}]},{"text":"This year marks the 40th anniversary of both UN, United Nations Declaration on the Right to Development and the African Charter on Human and People's Rights.","start":3004.59,"end":3014.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3004.59,"end":3004.87},{"text":"year","start":3004.87,"end":3005.07},{"text":"marks","start":3005.07,"end":3005.39},{"text":"the","start":3005.39,"end":3005.51},{"text":"40th","start":3005.55,"end":3006.07},{"text":"anniversary","start":3006.39,"end":3006.95},{"text":"of","start":3006.95,"end":3007.07},{"text":"both","start":3007.07,"end":3007.35},{"text":"UN,","start":3007.71,"end":3008.27},{"text":"United","start":3008.43,"end":3008.83},{"text":"Nations","start":3008.83,"end":3009.15},{"text":"Declaration","start":3009.15,"end":3009.79},{"text":"on","start":3009.79,"end":3009.87},{"text":"the","start":3009.87,"end":3009.99},{"text":"Right","start":3009.99,"end":3010.23},{"text":"to","start":3010.23,"end":3010.31},{"text":"Development","start":3010.35,"end":3010.99},{"text":"and","start":3011.71,"end":3011.83},{"text":"the","start":3011.83,"end":3011.91},{"text":"African","start":3011.91,"end":3012.43},{"text":"Charter","start":3012.43,"end":3013.07},{"text":"on","start":3013.23,"end":3013.39},{"text":"Human","start":3013.39,"end":3013.87},{"text":"and","start":3013.91,"end":3014.03},{"text":"People's","start":3014.03,"end":3014.51},{"text":"Rights.","start":3014.51,"end":3014.91}]},{"text":"Together, these instruments affirm a fundamental principle: development is not merely a policy objective, it is a human right and a shared responsibility.","start":3015.31,"end":3026.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Together,","start":3015.31,"end":3015.87},{"text":"these","start":3016.51,"end":3016.99},{"text":"instruments","start":3017.07,"end":3017.79},{"text":"affirm","start":3017.87,"end":3018.35},{"text":"a","start":3018.35,"end":3018.39},{"text":"fundamental","start":3018.39,"end":3019.15},{"text":"principle:","start":3019.15,"end":3019.87},{"text":"development","start":3020.43,"end":3021.07},{"text":"is","start":3021.15,"end":3021.31},{"text":"not","start":3021.31,"end":3021.55},{"text":"merely","start":3021.55,"end":3021.99},{"text":"a","start":3021.99,"end":3022.03},{"text":"policy","start":3022.03,"end":3022.59},{"text":"objective,","start":3022.59,"end":3023.31},{"text":"it","start":3023.55,"end":3023.79},{"text":"is","start":3023.79,"end":3023.99},{"text":"a","start":3023.99,"end":3024.03},{"text":"human","start":3024.03,"end":3024.35},{"text":"right","start":3024.35,"end":3024.71},{"text":"and","start":3024.71,"end":3024.91},{"text":"a","start":3024.91,"end":3024.95},{"text":"shared","start":3024.95,"end":3025.23},{"text":"responsibility.","start":3025.23,"end":3026.27}]},{"text":"From the perspective of the African Union, due diligence requirement should strengthen both the protection of people and the capacity of the African economy to generate inclusive and sustainable prosperity.","start":3026.83,"end":3042.15,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":3026.83,"end":3027.07},{"text":"the","start":3027.07,"end":3027.19},{"text":"perspective","start":3027.19,"end":3027.87},{"text":"of","start":3027.91,"end":3028.03},{"text":"the","start":3028.03,"end":3028.15},{"text":"African","start":3028.15,"end":3028.67},{"text":"Union,","start":3028.67,"end":3029.15},{"text":"due","start":3030.19,"end":3030.35},{"text":"diligence","start":3030.35,"end":3030.91},{"text":"requirement","start":3030.91,"end":3031.55},{"text":"should","start":3031.87,"end":3032.51},{"text":"strengthen","start":3033.15,"end":3033.95},{"text":"both","start":3034.55,"end":3034.83},{"text":"the","start":3034.83,"end":3035.03},{"text":"protection","start":3035.03,"end":3035.59},{"text":"of","start":3035.59,"end":3035.75},{"text":"people","start":3035.75,"end":3036.23},{"text":"and","start":3036.23,"end":3036.43},{"text":"the","start":3036.43,"end":3036.51},{"text":"capacity","start":3036.51,"end":3037.11},{"text":"of","start":3037.11,"end":3037.35},{"text":"the","start":3037.39,"end":3037.47},{"text":"African","start":3037.47,"end":3037.91},{"text":"economy","start":3038.03,"end":3038.63},{"text":"to","start":3039.03,"end":3039.15},{"text":"generate","start":3039.19,"end":3039.75},{"text":"inclusive","start":3040.07,"end":3040.67},{"text":"and","start":3040.67,"end":3040.79},{"text":"sustainable","start":3040.79,"end":3041.43},{"text":"prosperity.","start":3041.43,"end":3042.15}]},{"text":"Their success should be measured not only by compliance, but whether they improve the lives of workers, communities, and local enterprises.","start":3043.19,"end":3054.71,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":3043.19,"end":3043.43},{"text":"success","start":3043.43,"end":3044.15},{"text":"should","start":3044.71,"end":3045.03},{"text":"be","start":3045.03,"end":3045.19},{"text":"measured","start":3045.19,"end":3045.75},{"text":"not","start":3046.23,"end":3046.55},{"text":"only","start":3046.71,"end":3047.19},{"text":"by","start":3047.19,"end":3047.35},{"text":"compliance,","start":3047.35,"end":3047.99},{"text":"but","start":3047.99,"end":3048.23},{"text":"whether","start":3048.71,"end":3049.19},{"text":"they","start":3049.59,"end":3049.71},{"text":"improve","start":3049.71,"end":3050.23},{"text":"the","start":3051.19,"end":3051.39},{"text":"lives","start":3051.39,"end":3051.75},{"text":"of","start":3051.75,"end":3051.91},{"text":"workers,","start":3051.91,"end":3052.47},{"text":"communities,","start":3052.47,"end":3053.27},{"text":"and","start":3053.31,"end":3053.43},{"text":"local","start":3053.43,"end":3053.91},{"text":"enterprises.","start":3054.03,"end":3054.71}]},{"text":"To respond to the question, I will highlight first the African perspective.","start":3055.43,"end":3061.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":3055.43,"end":3055.55},{"text":"respond","start":3055.55,"end":3056.07},{"text":"to","start":3056.07,"end":3056.31},{"text":"the","start":3056.55,"end":3056.67},{"text":"question,","start":3056.71,"end":3057.27},{"text":"I","start":3057.43,"end":3057.51},{"text":"will","start":3057.51,"end":3057.75},{"text":"highlight","start":3058.95,"end":3059.43},{"text":"first","start":3059.51,"end":3059.83},{"text":"the","start":3059.83,"end":3059.95},{"text":"African","start":3059.95,"end":3060.39},{"text":"perspective.","start":3060.39,"end":3061.19}]},{"text":"the challenge and opportunity, and then the role of regional mechanisms, regional frameworks.","start":3062.07,"end":3067.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"the","start":3062.07,"end":3062.19},{"text":"challenge","start":3062.23,"end":3062.63},{"text":"and","start":3062.63,"end":3062.79},{"text":"opportunity,","start":3062.83,"end":3063.43},{"text":"and","start":3063.43,"end":3063.79},{"text":"then","start":3063.79,"end":3063.99},{"text":"the","start":3063.99,"end":3064.19},{"text":"role","start":3064.19,"end":3064.51},{"text":"of","start":3064.51,"end":3064.63},{"text":"regional","start":3064.63,"end":3065.19},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":3065.35,"end":3066.11},{"text":"regional","start":3066.47,"end":3066.95},{"text":"frameworks.","start":3066.95,"end":3067.59}]},{"text":"Africa approach this issue from a strong legal and normative foundation.","start":3068.39,"end":3073.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Africa","start":3068.39,"end":3068.87},{"text":"approach","start":3068.95,"end":3069.51},{"text":"this","start":3069.51,"end":3069.75},{"text":"issue","start":3069.75,"end":3070.15},{"text":"from","start":3070.15,"end":3070.55},{"text":"a","start":3070.79,"end":3070.83},{"text":"strong","start":3070.83,"end":3071.19},{"text":"legal","start":3071.19,"end":3071.55},{"text":"and","start":3071.55,"end":3071.71},{"text":"normative","start":3071.71,"end":3072.23},{"text":"foundation.","start":3072.23,"end":3073.03}]},{"text":"Article 22 of the African Charter recognizes the right to development and places an obligation on states to ensure its realization.","start":3073.83,"end":3083.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":3073.83,"end":3074.31},{"text":"22","start":3074.31,"end":3074.87},{"text":"of","start":3074.87,"end":3074.95},{"text":"the","start":3074.95,"end":3075.07},{"text":"African","start":3075.07,"end":3075.51},{"text":"Charter","start":3075.51,"end":3076.07},{"text":"recognizes","start":3076.15,"end":3076.95},{"text":"the","start":3076.95,"end":3077.07},{"text":"right","start":3077.11,"end":3077.31},{"text":"to","start":3077.31,"end":3077.39},{"text":"development","start":3077.43,"end":3078.07},{"text":"and","start":3078.79,"end":3079.03},{"text":"places","start":3079.03,"end":3079.75},{"text":"an","start":3080.03,"end":3080.23},{"text":"obligation","start":3080.27,"end":3080.87},{"text":"on","start":3080.87,"end":3081.03},{"text":"states","start":3081.03,"end":3081.55},{"text":"to","start":3081.67,"end":3081.83},{"text":"ensure","start":3081.83,"end":3082.23},{"text":"its","start":3082.23,"end":3082.39},{"text":"realization.","start":3082.39,"end":3083.03}]},{"text":"This right is closely linked to people's right over the natural resources.","start":3083.67,"end":3089.67,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3083.67,"end":3083.99},{"text":"right","start":3083.99,"end":3084.31},{"text":"is","start":3084.31,"end":3084.47},{"text":"closely","start":3084.47,"end":3085.11},{"text":"linked","start":3085.11,"end":3085.67},{"text":"to","start":3086.31,"end":3086.47},{"text":"people's","start":3086.47,"end":3087.27},{"text":"right","start":3087.83,"end":3088.23},{"text":"over","start":3088.23,"end":3088.55},{"text":"the","start":3088.55,"end":3088.67},{"text":"natural","start":3088.67,"end":3089.07},{"text":"resources.","start":3089.07,"end":3089.67}]},{"text":"to a satisfactory environment favorable to development, and the Charter's guarantee relating to works, health, and education.","start":3091.35,"end":3099.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"to","start":3091.35,"end":3091.63},{"text":"a","start":3091.83,"end":3091.91},{"text":"satisfactory","start":3091.99,"end":3092.87},{"text":"environment","start":3092.87,"end":3093.43},{"text":"favorable","start":3093.43,"end":3094.07},{"text":"to","start":3094.07,"end":3094.19},{"text":"development,","start":3094.23,"end":3094.83},{"text":"and","start":3095.35,"end":3095.55},{"text":"the","start":3095.55,"end":3095.63},{"text":"Charter's","start":3095.67,"end":3096.15},{"text":"guarantee","start":3096.15,"end":3096.87},{"text":"relating","start":3097.19,"end":3097.67},{"text":"to","start":3097.67,"end":3097.87},{"text":"works,","start":3097.87,"end":3098.31},{"text":"health,","start":3098.55,"end":3098.83},{"text":"and","start":3099.07,"end":3099.19},{"text":"education.","start":3099.19,"end":3099.75}]},{"text":"The African Commission landmark and Durwa decision further underscore the importance of meaningful participation, protection of livelihood, and equitable benefit sharing.","start":3100.47,"end":3112.47,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. 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Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":3218.87,"end":3219.11},{"text":"in","start":3219.11,"end":3219.19},{"text":"terms","start":3219.19,"end":3219.43},{"text":"of","start":3219.43,"end":3219.51},{"text":"the","start":3219.51,"end":3219.59},{"text":"role","start":3219.59,"end":3219.91},{"text":"of","start":3219.91,"end":3219.99},{"text":"regional","start":3219.99,"end":3220.39},{"text":"mechanism,","start":3220.39,"end":3221.11},{"text":"African","start":3221.11,"end":3221.59},{"text":"Union's","start":3221.59,"end":3222.07},{"text":"response","start":3222.07,"end":3222.63},{"text":"is","start":3223.03,"end":3223.27},{"text":"taking","start":3223.27,"end":3223.67},{"text":"shape","start":3223.67,"end":3224.03},{"text":"through","start":3224.03,"end":3224.31},{"text":"the","start":3224.31,"end":3224.39},{"text":"draft","start":3224.39,"end":3224.79},{"text":"African","start":3224.79,"end":3225.27},{"text":"Union","start":3225.27,"end":3225.75},{"text":"principle","start":3225.99,"end":3226.55},{"text":"and","start":3226.55,"end":3226.67},{"text":"guideline","start":3226.67,"end":3227.19},{"text":"on","start":3227.27,"end":3227.39},{"text":"business","start":3227.43,"end":3227.87},{"text":"and","start":3227.87,"end":3227.99},{"text":"human","start":3227.99,"end":3228.27},{"text":"rights.","start":3228.27,"end":3228.59}]},{"text":"This emerging continental framework seek to align state duties, business responsibility, access to remedy and the right to development within a coherent African approach.","start":3229.35,"end":3241.67,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. 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the right to development, especially from 4th to 6th December.","start":3433.27,"end":3442.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"on","start":3433.27,"end":3433.47},{"text":"the","start":3434.59,"end":3434.87},{"text":"right","start":3434.87,"end":3435.03},{"text":"to","start":3435.03,"end":3435.11},{"text":"development,","start":3435.11,"end":3435.87},{"text":"especially","start":3437.19,"end":3437.95},{"text":"from","start":3439.07,"end":3439.31},{"text":"4th","start":3439.87,"end":3440.47},{"text":"to","start":3440.47,"end":3440.63},{"text":"6th","start":3440.91,"end":3441.39},{"text":"December.","start":3441.95,"end":3442.43}]},{"text":"You are welcome.","start":3442.43,"end":3443.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":3442.43,"end":3442.55},{"text":"are","start":3442.55,"end":3442.67},{"text":"welcome.","start":3442.67,"end":3443.39}]},{"text":"I thank you for your 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Abadu.","start":3454.27,"end":3458.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"you,","start":3454.27,"end":3454.51},{"text":"Mr.","start":3454.67,"end":3455.23},{"text":"Issaka","start":3455.23,"end":3455.55},{"text":"Garba,","start":3456.43,"end":3456.79},{"text":"up","start":3457.11,"end":3457.23},{"text":"to","start":3457.23,"end":3457.39},{"text":"his","start":3457.39,"end":3457.67},{"text":"Excellency","start":3457.67,"end":3458.43},{"text":"Abadu.","start":3458.47,"end":3458.99}]},{"text":"Indeed, regional mechanisms can leverage on the principles of right to development and play an important role in the implementation for the realization of right to development throughout its life 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I would like to invite Mr. Calvin Quint.","start":3481.59,"end":3488.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":3481.59,"end":3481.91},{"text":"I","start":3481.99,"end":3482.07},{"text":"would","start":3482.07,"end":3482.23},{"text":"like","start":3482.23,"end":3482.47},{"text":"to","start":3482.47,"end":3482.79},{"text":"invite","start":3482.87,"end":3483.51},{"text":"Mr.","start":3485.15,"end":3485.75},{"text":"Calvin","start":3486.71,"end":3487.43},{"text":"Quint.","start":3487.51,"end":3488.23}]},{"text":"from Jingxi International Consulting Services Co., Ltd.","start":3489.55,"end":3493.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"from","start":3489.55,"end":3489.95},{"text":"Jingxi","start":3490.19,"end":3490.71},{"text":"International","start":3490.71,"end":3491.39},{"text":"Consulting","start":3491.39,"end":3491.91},{"text":"Services","start":3491.91,"end":3492.43},{"text":"Co.,","start":3492.43,"end":3492.83},{"text":"Ltd.","start":3492.83,"end":3493.27}]},{"text":"I would like to ask the following question.","start":3497.23,"end":3500.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3497.23,"end":3497.39},{"text":"would","start":3497.39,"end":3497.55},{"text":"like","start":3497.55,"end":3497.79},{"text":"to","start":3497.79,"end":3498.27},{"text":"ask","start":3498.83,"end":3499.07},{"text":"the","start":3499.07,"end":3499.15},{"text":"following","start":3499.15,"end":3499.55},{"text":"question.","start":3499.55,"end":3500.19}]},{"text":"In terms of human rights legislation, it is mostly implemented by a small number of countries.","start":3501.79,"end":3510.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3501.79,"end":3501.95},{"text":"terms","start":3501.95,"end":3502.43},{"text":"of","start":3502.63,"end":3502.75},{"text":"human","start":3502.75,"end":3502.99},{"text":"rights","start":3502.99,"end":3503.31},{"text":"legislation,","start":3503.31,"end":3504.35},{"text":"it","start":3504.43,"end":3504.67},{"text":"is","start":3504.67,"end":3505.15},{"text":"mostly","start":3506.83,"end":3507.63},{"text":"implemented","start":3507.63,"end":3508.35},{"text":"by","start":3508.35,"end":3508.75},{"text":"a","start":3508.99,"end":3509.07},{"text":"small","start":3509.07,"end":3509.31},{"text":"number","start":3509.31,"end":3509.55},{"text":"of","start":3509.55,"end":3509.63},{"text":"countries.","start":3509.63,"end":3510.11}]},{"text":"However, the right to development is meeting challenges across the 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costs?","start":3514.59,"end":3519.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3514.59,"end":3514.71},{"text":"would","start":3514.71,"end":3514.83},{"text":"like","start":3514.83,"end":3515.07},{"text":"to","start":3515.07,"end":3515.19},{"text":"know","start":3515.19,"end":3515.31},{"text":"who","start":3515.31,"end":3515.55},{"text":"benefits","start":3515.55,"end":3516.11},{"text":"from","start":3516.11,"end":3516.43},{"text":"human","start":3516.43,"end":3516.71},{"text":"rights","start":3516.71,"end":3516.99},{"text":"legislation","start":3516.99,"end":3517.95},{"text":"and","start":3517.95,"end":3518.07},{"text":"who","start":3518.23,"end":3518.43},{"text":"pays","start":3518.43,"end":3518.79},{"text":"the","start":3518.79,"end":3518.91},{"text":"costs?","start":3518.91,"end":3519.55}]},{"text":"How do businesses, while they improve, while the human rights legislation is being improved, how do businesses ensure the right to development?","start":3520.67,"end":3531.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"How","start":3520.67,"end":3520.91},{"text":"do","start":3520.91,"end":3521.31},{"text":"businesses,","start":3521.31,"end":3522.27},{"text":"while","start":3523.43,"end":3523.79},{"text":"they","start":3523.79,"end":3524.19},{"text":"improve,","start":3524.19,"end":3525.47},{"text":"while","start":3526.11,"end":3526.35},{"text":"the","start":3526.35,"end":3526.47},{"text":"human","start":3526.59,"end":3526.91},{"text":"rights","start":3526.91,"end":3527.23},{"text":"legislation","start":3527.23,"end":3528.03},{"text":"is","start":3528.03,"end":3528.27},{"text":"being","start":3528.27,"end":3528.59},{"text":"improved,","start":3528.59,"end":3529.11},{"text":"how","start":3529.11,"end":3529.31},{"text":"do","start":3529.31,"end":3529.55},{"text":"businesses","start":3529.79,"end":3530.35},{"text":"ensure","start":3530.35,"end":3530.99},{"text":"the","start":3530.99,"end":3531.07},{"text":"right","start":3531.07,"end":3531.27},{"text":"to","start":3531.27,"end":3531.35},{"text":"development?","start":3531.35,"end":3531.95}]},{"text":"Thank you, Kelvin.","start":3532.11,"end":3532.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3532.11,"end":3532.31},{"text":"you,","start":3532.31,"end":3532.43},{"text":"Kelvin.","start":3532.43,"end":3532.91}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":9,"start":3534.31,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=58:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":3534.31,"end":3535.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3534.31,"end":3534.51},{"text":"you","start":3534.51,"end":3534.59},{"text":"very","start":3534.59,"end":3534.79},{"text":"much.","start":3534.79,"end":3535.15}]},{"text":"Chair, distinguished experts, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to address this mechanism at a moment where we mark 40 years since the Declaration on the Right to Development and 15 since the Guiding Principles on Business and Human 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the influence of transnational enterprises grow, so does the distance between where their decisions are taken and where the consequences are felt.","start":3550.71,"end":3558.71,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. 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They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Malaysia","start":3681.55,"end":3681.99},{"text":"launched","start":3681.99,"end":3682.35},{"text":"its","start":3682.35,"end":3682.67},{"text":"first","start":3682.67,"end":3682.99},{"text":"plan","start":3682.99,"end":3683.23},{"text":"last","start":3683.23,"end":3683.51},{"text":"year,","start":3683.51,"end":3683.79},{"text":"Indonesia","start":3683.87,"end":3684.51},{"text":"is","start":3684.51,"end":3684.67},{"text":"now","start":3684.67,"end":3684.83},{"text":"moving","start":3684.83,"end":3685.31},{"text":"to","start":3685.31,"end":3685.39},{"text":"make","start":3685.39,"end":3685.55},{"text":"due","start":3685.55,"end":3685.71},{"text":"diligence","start":3685.71,"end":3686.15},{"text":"mandatory,","start":3686.15,"end":3686.83},{"text":"and","start":3687.07,"end":3687.39},{"text":"in","start":3687.55,"end":3687.71},{"text":"June,","start":3687.71,"end":3688.11},{"text":"China's","start":3688.19,"end":3688.63},{"text":"new","start":3688.63,"end":3688.83},{"text":"national","start":3688.83,"end":3689.35},{"text":"human","start":3689.35,"end":3689.67},{"text":"rights","start":3689.67,"end":3689.91},{"text":"action","start":3689.91,"end":3690.19},{"text":"plan","start":3690.19,"end":3690.43},{"text":"devoted","start":3690.43,"end":3690.91},{"text":"a","start":3690.91,"end":3690.95},{"text":"significant","start":3690.95,"end":3691.51},{"text":"section","start":3691.51,"end":3691.95},{"text":"to","start":3691.95,"end":3692.07},{"text":"the","start":3692.07,"end":3692.19},{"text":"subject","start":3692.19,"end":3692.55},{"text":"of","start":3692.55,"end":3692.67},{"text":"business","start":3692.67,"end":3693.07},{"text":"and","start":3693.07,"end":3693.19},{"text":"human","start":3693.19,"end":3693.47},{"text":"rights.","start":3693.47,"end":3693.95}]},{"text":"Now, when looking at the unintended consequences of due diligence frameworks, I believe they flow less from obligations than from health measures.","start":3694.99,"end":3703.07,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":3694.99,"end":3695.31},{"text":"when","start":3696.15,"end":3696.35},{"text":"looking","start":3696.35,"end":3696.67},{"text":"at","start":3696.67,"end":3696.79},{"text":"the","start":3696.79,"end":3696.87},{"text":"unintended","start":3696.87,"end":3697.47},{"text":"consequences","start":3697.47,"end":3698.11},{"text":"of","start":3698.11,"end":3698.27},{"text":"due","start":3698.27,"end":3698.43},{"text":"diligence","start":3698.43,"end":3698.87},{"text":"frameworks,","start":3698.87,"end":3699.63},{"text":"I","start":3699.71,"end":3699.87},{"text":"believe","start":3699.87,"end":3700.19},{"text":"they","start":3700.19,"end":3700.35},{"text":"flow","start":3700.35,"end":3700.59},{"text":"less","start":3700.59,"end":3700.83},{"text":"from","start":3700.83,"end":3700.99},{"text":"obligations","start":3700.99,"end":3701.75},{"text":"than","start":3701.75,"end":3701.91},{"text":"from","start":3701.91,"end":3702.11},{"text":"health","start":3702.11,"end":3702.43},{"text":"measures.","start":3702.43,"end":3703.07}]},{"text":"When due diligence is read as risk avoidance, companies leave high-risk jurisdictions rather than remediate harm on the ground.","start":3704.03,"end":3711.07,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":3704.03,"end":3704.23},{"text":"due","start":3704.23,"end":3704.39},{"text":"diligence","start":3704.39,"end":3704.91},{"text":"is","start":3704.91,"end":3705.07},{"text":"read","start":3705.07,"end":3705.39},{"text":"as","start":3705.39,"end":3705.55},{"text":"risk","start":3705.55,"end":3705.83},{"text":"avoidance,","start":3705.83,"end":3706.51},{"text":"companies","start":3706.75,"end":3707.31},{"text":"leave","start":3707.31,"end":3707.63},{"text":"high-risk","start":3707.63,"end":3708.11},{"text":"jurisdictions","start":3708.11,"end":3708.83},{"text":"rather","start":3708.83,"end":3709.15},{"text":"than","start":3709.15,"end":3709.35},{"text":"remediate","start":3709.35,"end":3710.03},{"text":"harm","start":3710.03,"end":3710.35},{"text":"on","start":3710.35,"end":3710.55},{"text":"the","start":3710.55,"end":3710.67},{"text":"ground.","start":3710.67,"end":3711.07}]},{"text":"In 2023, nearly a quarter of the firms directly covered by Germany's supply chain law were withdrawing or plan to withdraw from risk countries or business relationships.","start":3711.79,"end":3721.47,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3711.79,"end":3711.95},{"text":"2023,","start":3711.99,"end":3712.83},{"text":"nearly","start":3713.23,"end":3713.55},{"text":"a","start":3713.55,"end":3713.59},{"text":"quarter","start":3713.59,"end":3713.95},{"text":"of","start":3713.95,"end":3714.11},{"text":"the","start":3714.11,"end":3714.19},{"text":"firms","start":3714.19,"end":3714.51},{"text":"directly","start":3714.51,"end":3714.91},{"text":"covered","start":3714.91,"end":3715.23},{"text":"by","start":3715.23,"end":3715.39},{"text":"Germany's","start":3715.39,"end":3715.91},{"text":"supply","start":3715.91,"end":3716.19},{"text":"chain","start":3716.19,"end":3716.51},{"text":"law","start":3716.51,"end":3716.75},{"text":"were","start":3716.75,"end":3716.99},{"text":"withdrawing","start":3716.99,"end":3717.63},{"text":"or","start":3717.71,"end":3717.87},{"text":"plan","start":3717.87,"end":3718.11},{"text":"to","start":3718.11,"end":3718.23},{"text":"withdraw","start":3718.23,"end":3718.75},{"text":"from","start":3718.99,"end":3719.31},{"text":"risk","start":3719.31,"end":3719.51},{"text":"countries","start":3719.51,"end":3720.03},{"text":"or","start":3720.03,"end":3720.19},{"text":"business","start":3720.19,"end":3720.59},{"text":"relationships.","start":3720.59,"end":3721.47}]},{"text":"Consequently, at the end of the supply chain, the communities most in need of responsible investment are the first to lose it.","start":3722.11,"end":3729.63,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Consequently,","start":3722.11,"end":3722.91},{"text":"at","start":3723.39,"end":3723.51},{"text":"the","start":3723.51,"end":3723.67},{"text":"end","start":3723.67,"end":3723.87},{"text":"of","start":3724.11,"end":3724.27},{"text":"the","start":3724.27,"end":3724.43},{"text":"supply","start":3724.43,"end":3724.75},{"text":"chain,","start":3724.75,"end":3725.15},{"text":"the","start":3725.31,"end":3725.47},{"text":"communities","start":3725.47,"end":3726.11},{"text":"most","start":3726.11,"end":3726.51},{"text":"in","start":3726.51,"end":3726.71},{"text":"need","start":3726.71,"end":3726.91},{"text":"of","start":3726.91,"end":3726.99},{"text":"responsible","start":3726.99,"end":3727.63},{"text":"investment","start":3727.63,"end":3728.35},{"text":"are","start":3728.43,"end":3728.59},{"text":"the","start":3728.59,"end":3728.67},{"text":"first","start":3728.67,"end":3729.03},{"text":"to","start":3729.03,"end":3729.11},{"text":"lose","start":3729.11,"end":3729.39},{"text":"it.","start":3729.39,"end":3729.63}]},{"text":"Where agreements are weak and power is unequal, the cost of due diligence slows down while its benefits stays up.","start":3731.07,"end":3737.51,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":3731.07,"end":3731.39},{"text":"agreements","start":3731.39,"end":3731.83},{"text":"are","start":3731.83,"end":3731.99},{"text":"weak","start":3731.99,"end":3732.39},{"text":"and","start":3732.39,"end":3732.55},{"text":"power","start":3732.55,"end":3732.87},{"text":"is","start":3732.87,"end":3732.99},{"text":"unequal,","start":3732.99,"end":3733.59},{"text":"the","start":3733.75,"end":3733.99},{"text":"cost","start":3733.99,"end":3734.27},{"text":"of","start":3734.27,"end":3734.39},{"text":"due","start":3734.39,"end":3734.55},{"text":"diligence","start":3734.55,"end":3735.15},{"text":"slows","start":3735.15,"end":3735.39},{"text":"down","start":3735.39,"end":3735.71},{"text":"while","start":3735.71,"end":3735.99},{"text":"its","start":3735.99,"end":3736.23},{"text":"benefits","start":3736.23,"end":3736.83},{"text":"stays","start":3736.83,"end":3737.19},{"text":"up.","start":3737.19,"end":3737.51}]},{"text":"The race for critical mineral, as an example, brings the temptation to lighten safeguards in the name of urgency.","start":3738.47,"end":3744.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3738.47,"end":3738.59},{"text":"race","start":3738.59,"end":3738.87},{"text":"for","start":3738.87,"end":3739.03},{"text":"critical","start":3739.03,"end":3739.39},{"text":"mineral,","start":3739.39,"end":3739.99},{"text":"as","start":3740.07,"end":3740.23},{"text":"an","start":3740.23,"end":3740.35},{"text":"example,","start":3740.35,"end":3740.71},{"text":"brings","start":3740.71,"end":3741.11},{"text":"the","start":3741.11,"end":3741.19},{"text":"temptation","start":3741.19,"end":3741.99},{"text":"to","start":3741.99,"end":3742.15},{"text":"lighten","start":3742.15,"end":3742.55},{"text":"safeguards","start":3742.95,"end":3743.51},{"text":"in","start":3743.51,"end":3743.67},{"text":"the","start":3743.67,"end":3743.79},{"text":"name","start":3743.79,"end":3743.99},{"text":"of","start":3743.99,"end":3744.15},{"text":"urgency.","start":3744.15,"end":3744.71}]},{"text":"If companies respond by cutting out small producers rather than improving their conditions, the risk is only moved, and the South will once again export ore while others add the value.","start":3745.35,"end":3756.71,"topics":[{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. 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Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":3762.83,"end":3762.99},{"text":"agreement","start":3762.99,"end":3763.59},{"text":"survives","start":3763.59,"end":3764.27},{"text":"that","start":3764.43,"end":3764.75},{"text":"was","start":3764.75,"end":3764.99},{"text":"not","start":3764.99,"end":3765.27},{"text":"first","start":3765.27,"end":3765.55},{"text":"owned","start":3765.63,"end":3765.87},{"text":"by","start":3765.87,"end":3766.03},{"text":"the","start":3766.03,"end":3766.11},{"text":"people","start":3766.11,"end":3766.51},{"text":"bound","start":3766.51,"end":3766.83},{"text":"by","start":3766.83,"end":3767.07},{"text":"it.","start":3767.07,"end":3767.31}]},{"text":"Responsibility should therefore follow control and benefit.","start":3768.35,"end":3771.47,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsibility","start":3768.35,"end":3769.15},{"text":"should","start":3769.15,"end":3769.35},{"text":"therefore","start":3769.35,"end":3769.79},{"text":"follow","start":3769.79,"end":3770.27},{"text":"control","start":3770.27,"end":3770.79},{"text":"and","start":3770.79,"end":3770.95},{"text":"benefit.","start":3770.95,"end":3771.47}]},{"text":"It rests with lead firms and their home states, not with the supplier at the end of the supply chain.","start":3772.27,"end":3777.79,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. 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They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsible","start":3785.87,"end":3786.47},{"text":"supply","start":3786.47,"end":3786.83},{"text":"chains","start":3786.83,"end":3787.15},{"text":"keep","start":3787.15,"end":3787.35},{"text":"their","start":3787.35,"end":3787.55},{"text":"workers","start":3787.55,"end":3788.11},{"text":"and","start":3788.11,"end":3788.31},{"text":"their","start":3788.31,"end":3788.51},{"text":"access","start":3788.51,"end":3788.83},{"text":"to","start":3788.83,"end":3788.91},{"text":"buyers,","start":3788.91,"end":3789.47},{"text":"tenders,","start":3789.47,"end":3789.95},{"text":"and","start":3789.95,"end":3790.07},{"text":"capital,","start":3790.07,"end":3790.67},{"text":"and","start":3791.03,"end":3791.19},{"text":"avoid","start":3791.19,"end":3791.51},{"text":"the","start":3791.51,"end":3791.59},{"text":"reputational","start":3791.59,"end":3792.35},{"text":"cost","start":3792.35,"end":3792.67},{"text":"of","start":3792.67,"end":3792.83},{"text":"labor","start":3792.83,"end":3793.23},{"text":"litigation,","start":3793.23,"end":3794.03},{"text":"where","start":3794.27,"end":3794.47},{"text":"an","start":3794.47,"end":3794.55},{"text":"accusation","start":3794.55,"end":3795.15},{"text":"alone","start":3795.15,"end":3795.39},{"text":"can","start":3795.39,"end":3795.63},{"text":"suspend","start":3795.63,"end":3796.11},{"text":"contracts","start":3796.11,"end":3796.63},{"text":"and","start":3796.63,"end":3796.75},{"text":"put","start":3796.75,"end":3796.99},{"text":"financing","start":3796.99,"end":3797.47},{"text":"in","start":3797.47,"end":3797.55},{"text":"question.","start":3797.55,"end":3798.03}]},{"text":"Documented due diligence also turn a sustainability report into evidence of a real contribution to the SDGs.","start":3799.07,"end":3805.87,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3879.51,"end":3879.59},{"text":"Business","start":3879.59,"end":3879.95},{"text":"and","start":3879.95,"end":3880.07},{"text":"Human","start":3880.07,"end":3880.35},{"text":"Rights","start":3880.35,"end":3880.55},{"text":"Treaty","start":3880.55,"end":3881.03},{"text":"is","start":3881.03,"end":3881.15},{"text":"the","start":3881.15,"end":3881.23},{"text":"most","start":3881.23,"end":3881.43},{"text":"important","start":3881.43,"end":3881.91},{"text":"of","start":3881.91,"end":3882.07},{"text":"them","start":3882.07,"end":3882.31},{"text":"at","start":3882.31,"end":3882.43},{"text":"the","start":3882.43,"end":3882.55},{"text":"moment.","start":3882.55,"end":3883.03}]},{"text":"It is the international element the smart mix still lacks.","start":3883.43,"end":3886.87,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. 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I would like to invite the Vice-Chair of UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights, Ms. Fernanda 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the first question.","start":4025.23,"end":4026.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4025.23,"end":4025.47},{"text":"the","start":4025.47,"end":4025.55},{"text":"first","start":4025.55,"end":4025.87},{"text":"question.","start":4025.87,"end":4026.35}]},{"text":"Second, how could MHRDD legislation better align with UNGPs to strengthen business respect for the right to development?","start":4026.59,"end":4039.15,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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I'm the Vice Chair of the UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights.","start":4049.39,"end":4052.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4049.39,"end":4049.51},{"text":"I'm","start":4049.51,"end":4049.71},{"text":"the","start":4049.71,"end":4049.83},{"text":"Vice","start":4049.83,"end":4050.11},{"text":"Chair","start":4050.11,"end":4050.35},{"text":"of","start":4050.35,"end":4050.43},{"text":"the","start":4050.43,"end":4050.55},{"text":"UN","start":4050.55,"end":4050.75},{"text":"Working","start":4050.75,"end":4051.03},{"text":"Group","start":4051.03,"end":4051.23},{"text":"on","start":4051.23,"end":4051.31},{"text":"Business","start":4051.31,"end":4051.75},{"text":"and","start":4051.75,"end":4051.87},{"text":"Human","start":4051.87,"end":4052.11},{"text":"Rights.","start":4052.11,"end":4052.51}]},{"text":"It is my pleasure to accompany this event through this video message, as unfortunately, i cannot join you in 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like to start by thanking the members of the Expert Mechanism on the Right to Development for the invitation, but mostly for convening this timely and important 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we speak about the right to development, we're talking about much more than economic growth.","start":4069.67,"end":4073.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":4069.67,"end":4069.87},{"text":"we","start":4069.87,"end":4069.95},{"text":"speak","start":4069.95,"end":4070.19},{"text":"about","start":4070.19,"end":4070.35},{"text":"the","start":4070.35,"end":4070.51},{"text":"right","start":4070.51,"end":4070.79},{"text":"to","start":4070.79,"end":4070.87},{"text":"development,","start":4070.87,"end":4071.39},{"text":"we're","start":4071.39,"end":4071.55},{"text":"talking","start":4071.55,"end":4071.79},{"text":"about","start":4071.79,"end":4072.03},{"text":"much","start":4072.03,"end":4072.35},{"text":"more","start":4072.35,"end":4072.59},{"text":"than","start":4072.59,"end":4072.75},{"text":"economic","start":4072.75,"end":4073.23},{"text":"growth.","start":4073.23,"end":4073.51}]},{"text":"We're talking about a process through which people and communities can participate in, 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that context, business enterprises are an indispensable actor.","start":4085.39,"end":4089.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4085.39,"end":4085.55},{"text":"that","start":4085.55,"end":4085.79},{"text":"context,","start":4085.79,"end":4086.51},{"text":"business","start":4086.51,"end":4086.83},{"text":"enterprises","start":4086.83,"end":4087.63},{"text":"are","start":4087.63,"end":4087.75},{"text":"an","start":4087.75,"end":4088.11},{"text":"indispensable","start":4088.35,"end":4089.15},{"text":"actor.","start":4089.15,"end":4089.63}]},{"text":"Their decisions shape employment, innovation, investment, access to essential services at times, environmental impacts and outcomes, and well-being for 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a result, business can be powerful drivers of development and powerful allies, but if human rights are overlooked, they can also contribute to exclusion, inequality, and human rights 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thank you all and wish you a very fruitful conversation.","start":4256.51,"end":4259.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4256.51,"end":4256.59},{"text":"thank","start":4256.59,"end":4256.99},{"text":"you","start":4256.99,"end":4257.15},{"text":"all","start":4257.15,"end":4257.47},{"text":"and","start":4257.79,"end":4257.95},{"text":"wish","start":4257.95,"end":4258.19},{"text":"you","start":4258.19,"end":4258.35},{"text":"a","start":4258.43,"end":4258.47},{"text":"very","start":4258.47,"end":4258.75},{"text":"fruitful","start":4258.75,"end":4259.23},{"text":"conversation.","start":4259.23,"end":4259.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"UN","group":null,"function":"Vice-Chair, Working Group on Business and Human Rights","affiliation_full":"UN"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":4264.23,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=1:11:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ms. Hopenham.","start":4264.23,"end":4265.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4264.23,"end":4264.39},{"text":"you,","start":4264.39,"end":4264.47},{"text":"Ms.","start":4264.47,"end":4264.63},{"text":"Hopenham.","start":4264.67,"end":4265.31}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ms. Hoppenheim.","start":4266.07,"end":4267.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4266.07,"end":4266.27},{"text":"you,","start":4266.27,"end":4266.39},{"text":"Ms.","start":4266.39,"end":4266.75},{"text":"Hoppenheim.","start":4266.75,"end":4267.63}]},{"text":"UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights made lots of efforts to increase the coordination between you and human rights mechanisms.","start":4269.71,"end":4281.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"UN","start":4269.71,"end":4269.99},{"text":"Working","start":4269.99,"end":4270.27},{"text":"Group","start":4270.27,"end":4270.59},{"text":"on","start":4270.59,"end":4270.67},{"text":"Business","start":4270.67,"end":4271.15},{"text":"and","start":4271.19,"end":4271.39},{"text":"Human","start":4271.39,"end":4271.83},{"text":"Rights","start":4271.83,"end":4272.43},{"text":"made","start":4274.51,"end":4274.83},{"text":"lots","start":4274.83,"end":4275.11},{"text":"of","start":4275.11,"end":4275.23},{"text":"efforts","start":4275.23,"end":4275.63},{"text":"to","start":4275.63,"end":4275.95},{"text":"increase","start":4276.35,"end":4276.75},{"text":"the","start":4276.75,"end":4276.83},{"text":"coordination","start":4276.83,"end":4278.11},{"text":"between","start":4278.51,"end":4279.15},{"text":"you","start":4279.39,"end":4279.71},{"text":"and","start":4279.87,"end":4280.39},{"text":"human","start":4280.63,"end":4280.91},{"text":"rights","start":4280.91,"end":4281.15},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":4281.15,"end":4281.87}]},{"text":"We thank her for her insights.","start":4281.87,"end":4284.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4281.87,"end":4282.03},{"text":"thank","start":4282.03,"end":4282.51},{"text":"her","start":4282.51,"end":4282.99},{"text":"for","start":4282.99,"end":4283.31},{"text":"her","start":4283.31,"end":4283.63},{"text":"insights.","start":4283.63,"end":4284.27}]},{"text":"Now, I will invite Professor Karen Bjurholm from Copenhagen Business 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as a driver for business growth?","start":4301.35,"end":4310.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"He","start":4301.35,"end":4301.59},{"text":"will","start":4301.59,"end":4301.71},{"text":"answer","start":4301.71,"end":4301.91},{"text":"the","start":4301.91,"end":4301.99},{"text":"following","start":4301.99,"end":4302.31},{"text":"question:","start":4302.31,"end":4302.87},{"text":"Does","start":4304.15,"end":4304.43},{"text":"human","start":4304.43,"end":4304.83},{"text":"rights","start":4304.83,"end":4305.43},{"text":"legislation","start":4305.43,"end":4306.55},{"text":"act","start":4308.07,"end":4308.55},{"text":"as","start":4308.87,"end":4309.19},{"text":"a","start":4309.19,"end":4309.27},{"text":"driver","start":4309.27,"end":4310.07},{"text":"for","start":4310.07,"end":4310.19},{"text":"business","start":4310.19,"end":4310.63},{"text":"growth?","start":4310.63,"end":4310.95}]},{"text":"What are the main challenges?","start":4311.39,"end":4313.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":4311.39,"end":4311.75},{"text":"are","start":4311.75,"end":4311.91},{"text":"the","start":4311.91,"end":4311.99},{"text":"main","start":4311.99,"end":4312.23},{"text":"challenges?","start":4312.23,"end":4313.19}]},{"text":"What is preventing the legislation from leveraging its role?","start":4314.11,"end":4318.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":4314.11,"end":4314.39},{"text":"is","start":4314.39,"end":4314.71},{"text":"preventing","start":4314.87,"end":4315.67},{"text":"the","start":4315.67,"end":4315.79},{"text":"legislation","start":4315.79,"end":4316.71},{"text":"from","start":4316.71,"end":4317.19},{"text":"leveraging","start":4317.35,"end":4317.95},{"text":"its","start":4317.99,"end":4318.23},{"text":"role?","start":4318.23,"end":4318.55}]},{"text":"How does right to development improve due diligence?","start":4322.27,"end":4326.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"How","start":4322.27,"end":4322.51},{"text":"does","start":4322.51,"end":4323.23},{"text":"right","start":4323.31,"end":4323.59},{"text":"to","start":4323.59,"end":4323.67},{"text":"development","start":4323.67,"end":4324.63},{"text":"improve","start":4324.63,"end":4325.47},{"text":"due","start":4325.47,"end":4325.79},{"text":"diligence?","start":4325.79,"end":4326.51}]},{"text":"Now let's hear from Professor Bruhn.","start":4328.11,"end":4332.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":4328.11,"end":4328.43},{"text":"let's","start":4328.43,"end":4328.99},{"text":"hear","start":4328.99,"end":4329.55},{"text":"from","start":4329.79,"end":4330.43},{"text":"Professor","start":4330.99,"end":4331.79},{"text":"Bruhn.","start":4331.79,"end":4332.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":4337.55,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=1:12:18","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I think, as we have sometimes discussed, law can be a very good tool to obtain societal 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intelligently.","start":4346.83,"end":4352.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":4346.83,"end":4347.07},{"text":"we","start":4347.07,"end":4347.19},{"text":"need","start":4347.19,"end":4347.43},{"text":"to","start":4347.43,"end":4347.55},{"text":"be","start":4347.55,"end":4348.11},{"text":"also,","start":4348.11,"end":4348.39},{"text":"I","start":4348.39,"end":4348.43},{"text":"think,","start":4348.43,"end":4348.67},{"text":"very","start":4348.67,"end":4348.87},{"text":"clear","start":4348.87,"end":4349.23},{"text":"about","start":4349.23,"end":4349.47},{"text":"how","start":4349.47,"end":4349.63},{"text":"we","start":4349.63,"end":4349.79},{"text":"use","start":4349.79,"end":4350.03},{"text":"law","start":4350.03,"end":4350.27},{"text":"and","start":4350.27,"end":4350.39},{"text":"how","start":4350.39,"end":4350.51},{"text":"to","start":4350.51,"end":4350.67},{"text":"use","start":4350.67,"end":4350.99},{"text":"law","start":4350.99,"end":4351.31},{"text":"intelligently.","start":4351.31,"end":4352.35}]},{"text":"And 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are very different legal traditions, and there are also, for example, if we look at the way in which laws are made in my country, in Denmark, typically quite 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the European tradition, which is much more detailed with the mandatory sustainability reporting laws that we have had from the EU.","start":4458.55,"end":4468.39,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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dear Professor Leung Shau Hui.","start":4846.35,"end":4850.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dear","start":4846.35,"end":4846.83},{"text":"expert","start":4846.83,"end":4847.23},{"text":"mechanism,","start":4847.23,"end":4848.03},{"text":"dear","start":4848.35,"end":4848.67},{"text":"Professor","start":4848.67,"end":4849.63},{"text":"Leung","start":4849.87,"end":4850.07},{"text":"Shau","start":4850.11,"end":4850.35},{"text":"Hui.","start":4850.35,"end":4850.83}]},{"text":"Thank you for the Expert Mechanism for convening this thematic 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right.","start":4861.79,"end":4868.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4861.79,"end":4861.95},{"text":"human","start":4861.95,"end":4862.23},{"text":"society,","start":4862.23,"end":4862.83},{"text":"development","start":4862.83,"end":4863.63},{"text":"is","start":4863.63,"end":4863.87},{"text":"an","start":4863.87,"end":4864.03},{"text":"eternal","start":4864.03,"end":4864.51},{"text":"theme,","start":4864.51,"end":4864.83},{"text":"and","start":4864.83,"end":4864.99},{"text":"the","start":4864.99,"end":4865.07},{"text":"right","start":4865.07,"end":4865.23},{"text":"to","start":4865.23,"end":4865.31},{"text":"development","start":4865.31,"end":4866.03},{"text":"is","start":4866.03,"end":4866.23},{"text":"an","start":4866.23,"end":4866.51},{"text":"inalienable,","start":4866.59,"end":4867.31},{"text":"fundamental","start":4867.47,"end":4868.15},{"text":"human","start":4868.15,"end":4868.39},{"text":"right.","start":4868.39,"end":4868.75}]},{"text":"This year marks the 40th anniversary of the adoption of the UN Declaration on the Right to Development.","start":4869.31,"end":4874.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4869.31,"end":4869.63},{"text":"year","start":4869.63,"end":4869.83},{"text":"marks","start":4869.83,"end":4870.15},{"text":"the","start":4870.15,"end":4870.27},{"text":"40th","start":4870.27,"end":4870.75},{"text":"anniversary","start":4870.75,"end":4871.35},{"text":"of","start":4871.35,"end":4871.47},{"text":"the","start":4871.47,"end":4871.59},{"text":"adoption","start":4871.59,"end":4872.15},{"text":"of","start":4872.15,"end":4872.23},{"text":"the","start":4872.23,"end":4872.31},{"text":"UN","start":4872.31,"end":4872.55},{"text":"Declaration","start":4872.55,"end":4873.31},{"text":"on","start":4873.31,"end":4873.47},{"text":"the","start":4873.47,"end":4873.55},{"text":"Right","start":4873.55,"end":4873.83},{"text":"to","start":4873.83,"end":4873.95},{"text":"Development.","start":4873.95,"end":4874.67}]},{"text":"At this important moment, discussing the role of businesses in realizing the right to development is of practical significance.","start":4875.47,"end":4882.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":4875.47,"end":4875.51},{"text":"this","start":4875.51,"end":4875.71},{"text":"important","start":4875.71,"end":4876.27},{"text":"moment,","start":4876.27,"end":4876.91},{"text":"discussing","start":4877.07,"end":4877.59},{"text":"the","start":4877.59,"end":4877.67},{"text":"role","start":4877.67,"end":4877.87},{"text":"of","start":4877.87,"end":4877.95},{"text":"businesses","start":4877.95,"end":4878.51},{"text":"in","start":4878.51,"end":4878.67},{"text":"realizing","start":4878.67,"end":4879.11},{"text":"the","start":4879.11,"end":4879.19},{"text":"right","start":4879.19,"end":4879.35},{"text":"to","start":4879.35,"end":4879.43},{"text":"development","start":4879.43,"end":4880.27},{"text":"is","start":4880.51,"end":4880.75},{"text":"of","start":4880.79,"end":4880.99},{"text":"practical","start":4880.99,"end":4881.55},{"text":"significance.","start":4881.55,"end":4882.43}]},{"text":"China is committed to a people-centered approach to development and has always attached great importance to promoting and protecting the right to development.","start":4882.99,"end":4891.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"China","start":4882.99,"end":4883.43},{"text":"is","start":4883.43,"end":4883.55},{"text":"committed","start":4883.55,"end":4883.99},{"text":"to","start":4883.99,"end":4884.15},{"text":"a","start":4884.15,"end":4884.19},{"text":"people-centered","start":4884.19,"end":4884.99},{"text":"approach","start":4884.99,"end":4885.39},{"text":"to","start":4885.39,"end":4885.63},{"text":"development","start":4885.63,"end":4886.51},{"text":"and","start":4886.83,"end":4887.03},{"text":"has","start":4887.03,"end":4887.23},{"text":"always","start":4887.23,"end":4887.71},{"text":"attached","start":4887.71,"end":4888.23},{"text":"great","start":4888.23,"end":4888.47},{"text":"importance","start":4888.47,"end":4888.99},{"text":"to","start":4888.99,"end":4889.15},{"text":"promoting","start":4889.15,"end":4889.59},{"text":"and","start":4889.59,"end":4889.71},{"text":"protecting","start":4889.71,"end":4890.19},{"text":"the","start":4890.19,"end":4890.27},{"text":"right","start":4890.27,"end":4890.47},{"text":"to","start":4890.47,"end":4890.59},{"text":"development.","start":4890.59,"end":4891.31}]},{"text":"We believe that development is the cornerstone for the realization of all other human rights.","start":4891.71,"end":4896.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4891.71,"end":4891.95},{"text":"believe","start":4891.95,"end":4892.23},{"text":"that","start":4892.23,"end":4892.43},{"text":"development","start":4892.43,"end":4892.91},{"text":"is","start":4892.91,"end":4892.99},{"text":"the","start":4892.99,"end":4893.07},{"text":"cornerstone","start":4893.07,"end":4893.71},{"text":"for","start":4893.71,"end":4893.87},{"text":"the","start":4893.87,"end":4893.95},{"text":"realization","start":4893.95,"end":4894.67},{"text":"of","start":4894.67,"end":4894.83},{"text":"all","start":4894.91,"end":4895.15},{"text":"other","start":4895.15,"end":4895.43},{"text":"human","start":4895.43,"end":4895.67},{"text":"rights.","start":4895.67,"end":4896.03}]},{"text":"China has consistently maintained that all people should enjoy equal opportunities for development and that the international community should place development higher on the global agenda, with particular attention to the needs of developing countries, so as to jointly create an environment conducive to the realization of the right to development.","start":4896.79,"end":4916.71,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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helps us gain a more comprehensive and balanced understanding of the role of businesses in promoting and protecting human 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They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Genocide,","start":5295.67,"end":5296.23},{"text":"illegal","start":5296.23,"end":5296.63},{"text":"occupation,","start":5296.63,"end":5297.51},{"text":"an","start":5297.51,"end":5297.59},{"text":"illegal","start":5297.59,"end":5297.99},{"text":"blockade,","start":5297.99,"end":5298.59},{"text":"and","start":5298.59,"end":5298.75},{"text":"the","start":5298.75,"end":5298.87},{"text":"mass","start":5298.87,"end":5299.19},{"text":"incarceration","start":5299.19,"end":5299.99},{"text":"of","start":5299.99,"end":5300.07},{"text":"Palestinians","start":5300.07,"end":5300.95},{"text":"have","start":5301.19,"end":5301.43},{"text":"entrenched","start":5301.43,"end":5301.99},{"text":"what","start":5301.99,"end":5302.31},{"text":"UN","start":5302.31,"end":5302.75},{"text":"mandate","start":5302.75,"end":5303.23},{"text":"holders","start":5303.23,"end":5303.59},{"text":"have","start":5303.59,"end":5303.75},{"text":"described","start":5303.75,"end":5304.39},{"text":"as","start":5304.39,"end":5304.59},{"text":"an","start":5304.59,"end":5304.79},{"text":"apocalyptic","start":5304.83,"end":5305.59},{"text":"reality,","start":5305.59,"end":5306.39},{"text":"the","start":5306.71,"end":5306.87},{"text":"deliberate","start":5306.87,"end":5307.43},{"text":"de-development","start":5307.43,"end":5308.39},{"text":"of","start":5308.39,"end":5308.55},{"text":"an","start":5308.55,"end":5308.71},{"text":"entire","start":5308.99,"end":5309.51},{"text":"people.","start":5309.51,"end":5309.99}]},{"text":"De-development is built and sustained in part by businesses.","start":5310.55,"end":5314.39,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"De-development","start":5310.55,"end":5311.39},{"text":"is","start":5311.39,"end":5311.67},{"text":"built","start":5311.67,"end":5311.99},{"text":"and","start":5311.99,"end":5312.23},{"text":"sustained","start":5312.23,"end":5312.87},{"text":"in","start":5312.87,"end":5313.03},{"text":"part","start":5313.03,"end":5313.43},{"text":"by","start":5313.43,"end":5313.59},{"text":"businesses.","start":5313.59,"end":5314.39}]},{"text":"The database of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, updated last month, lists 214 companies involved in the illegal Israeli settlement enterprise, supplying equipment for demolition, surveillance, transport, and services that sustain it.","start":5315.11,"end":5330.79,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5315.11,"end":5315.15},{"text":"database","start":5315.15,"end":5315.99},{"text":"of","start":5315.99,"end":5316.23},{"text":"the","start":5316.23,"end":5316.31},{"text":"Office","start":5316.31,"end":5316.67},{"text":"of","start":5316.67,"end":5316.79},{"text":"the","start":5316.79,"end":5316.87},{"text":"High","start":5316.87,"end":5317.03},{"text":"Commissioner","start":5317.03,"end":5317.51},{"text":"for","start":5317.51,"end":5317.75},{"text":"Human","start":5317.75,"end":5317.99},{"text":"Rights,","start":5317.99,"end":5318.55},{"text":"updated","start":5318.79,"end":5319.27},{"text":"last","start":5319.27,"end":5319.67},{"text":"month,","start":5319.67,"end":5320.07},{"text":"lists","start":5320.15,"end":5320.63},{"text":"214","start":5320.63,"end":5321.67},{"text":"companies","start":5321.67,"end":5322.39},{"text":"involved","start":5322.39,"end":5322.95},{"text":"in","start":5322.95,"end":5323.11},{"text":"the","start":5323.11,"end":5323.23},{"text":"illegal","start":5323.23,"end":5323.67},{"text":"Israeli","start":5323.67,"end":5324.15},{"text":"settlement","start":5324.15,"end":5324.63},{"text":"enterprise,","start":5324.63,"end":5325.35},{"text":"supplying","start":5325.67,"end":5326.23},{"text":"equipment","start":5326.23,"end":5326.83},{"text":"for","start":5326.83,"end":5326.95},{"text":"demolition,","start":5326.95,"end":5327.67},{"text":"surveillance,","start":5327.67,"end":5328.39},{"text":"transport,","start":5328.39,"end":5329.11},{"text":"and","start":5329.11,"end":5329.31},{"text":"services","start":5329.31,"end":5329.91},{"text":"that","start":5329.91,"end":5330.07},{"text":"sustain","start":5330.07,"end":5330.59},{"text":"it.","start":5330.59,"end":5330.79}]},{"text":"But business involvement does not stop at settlements.","start":5331.51,"end":5334.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":5331.51,"end":5331.75},{"text":"business","start":5331.75,"end":5332.15},{"text":"involvement","start":5332.15,"end":5332.95},{"text":"does","start":5332.95,"end":5333.19},{"text":"not","start":5333.19,"end":5333.39},{"text":"stop","start":5333.39,"end":5333.75},{"text":"at","start":5333.75,"end":5333.99},{"text":"settlements.","start":5333.99,"end":5334.63}]},{"text":"Companies have also been complicit in other violations against the Palestinian people, including international crimes such as the genocide in Gaza.","start":5335.43,"end":5343.27,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Companies","start":5335.43,"end":5335.99},{"text":"have","start":5335.99,"end":5336.15},{"text":"also","start":5336.15,"end":5336.39},{"text":"been","start":5336.39,"end":5336.55},{"text":"complicit","start":5336.55,"end":5337.27},{"text":"in","start":5337.27,"end":5337.43},{"text":"other","start":5337.43,"end":5337.67},{"text":"violations","start":5337.67,"end":5338.31},{"text":"against","start":5338.31,"end":5338.63},{"text":"the","start":5338.63,"end":5338.71},{"text":"Palestinian","start":5338.71,"end":5339.27},{"text":"people,","start":5339.27,"end":5339.75},{"text":"including","start":5339.99,"end":5340.51},{"text":"international","start":5340.51,"end":5341.19},{"text":"crimes","start":5341.19,"end":5341.55},{"text":"such","start":5341.55,"end":5341.75},{"text":"as","start":5341.75,"end":5341.83},{"text":"the","start":5341.83,"end":5341.99},{"text":"genocide","start":5341.99,"end":5342.63},{"text":"in","start":5342.63,"end":5342.79},{"text":"Gaza.","start":5342.79,"end":5343.27}]},{"text":"The UN Special Rapporteur on the occupied Palestinian territory has documented how corporate and financial actors supply the weapons, technology, and finance that turned an economy of occupation into an economy of genocide.","start":5343.87,"end":5357.31,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5343.87,"end":5344.03},{"text":"UN","start":5344.03,"end":5344.27},{"text":"Special","start":5344.27,"end":5344.67},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":5344.67,"end":5345.39},{"text":"on","start":5345.39,"end":5345.47},{"text":"the","start":5345.47,"end":5345.59},{"text":"occupied","start":5345.59,"end":5346.07},{"text":"Palestinian","start":5346.07,"end":5346.67},{"text":"territory","start":5346.67,"end":5347.31},{"text":"has","start":5347.31,"end":5347.47},{"text":"documented","start":5347.55,"end":5348.35},{"text":"how","start":5348.59,"end":5348.83},{"text":"corporate","start":5348.83,"end":5349.47},{"text":"and","start":5349.47,"end":5349.63},{"text":"financial","start":5349.63,"end":5350.27},{"text":"actors","start":5350.27,"end":5350.83},{"text":"supply","start":5350.83,"end":5351.23},{"text":"the","start":5351.23,"end":5351.39},{"text":"weapons,","start":5351.39,"end":5351.87},{"text":"technology,","start":5351.87,"end":5352.63},{"text":"and","start":5352.63,"end":5352.83},{"text":"finance","start":5352.83,"end":5353.39},{"text":"that","start":5353.71,"end":5354.03},{"text":"turned","start":5354.03,"end":5354.31},{"text":"an","start":5354.31,"end":5354.43},{"text":"economy","start":5354.43,"end":5354.95},{"text":"of","start":5354.95,"end":5355.07},{"text":"occupation","start":5355.07,"end":5355.71},{"text":"into","start":5355.71,"end":5355.99},{"text":"an","start":5355.99,"end":5356.07},{"text":"economy","start":5356.07,"end":5356.55},{"text":"of","start":5356.55,"end":5356.67},{"text":"genocide.","start":5356.67,"end":5357.31}]},{"text":"In its advisory opinion of 19th of July 2024, the International Court of Justice confirmed that all states must abstain from economic or trade dealings with Israel concerning the occupied Palestinian territory that may entrench its unlawful presence and take steps to prevent trade or investment relations that assist in maintaining the illegal situation.","start":5357.99,"end":5381.03,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5357.99,"end":5358.15},{"text":"its","start":5358.15,"end":5358.31},{"text":"advisory","start":5358.31,"end":5358.95},{"text":"opinion","start":5358.95,"end":5359.43},{"text":"of","start":5359.43,"end":5359.59},{"text":"19th","start":5359.59,"end":5360.07},{"text":"of","start":5360.07,"end":5360.15},{"text":"July","start":5360.15,"end":5360.55},{"text":"2024,","start":5360.55,"end":5361.59},{"text":"the","start":5361.91,"end":5362.03},{"text":"International","start":5362.03,"end":5362.71},{"text":"Court","start":5362.71,"end":5363.03},{"text":"of","start":5363.03,"end":5363.11},{"text":"Justice","start":5363.11,"end":5363.67},{"text":"confirmed","start":5363.67,"end":5364.23},{"text":"that","start":5364.23,"end":5364.47},{"text":"all","start":5364.47,"end":5364.79},{"text":"states","start":5364.79,"end":5365.23},{"text":"must","start":5365.51,"end":5365.87},{"text":"abstain","start":5365.87,"end":5366.23},{"text":"from","start":5366.23,"end":5366.47},{"text":"economic","start":5366.47,"end":5367.03},{"text":"or","start":5367.03,"end":5367.27},{"text":"trade","start":5367.27,"end":5367.63},{"text":"dealings","start":5367.63,"end":5368.07},{"text":"with","start":5368.07,"end":5368.23},{"text":"Israel","start":5368.23,"end":5368.63},{"text":"concerning","start":5368.63,"end":5369.23},{"text":"the","start":5369.23,"end":5369.31},{"text":"occupied","start":5369.31,"end":5369.83},{"text":"Palestinian","start":5369.83,"end":5370.47},{"text":"territory","start":5370.47,"end":5371.11},{"text":"that","start":5371.35,"end":5371.59},{"text":"may","start":5371.59,"end":5371.75},{"text":"entrench","start":5371.75,"end":5372.31},{"text":"its","start":5372.31,"end":5372.55},{"text":"unlawful","start":5372.55,"end":5373.19},{"text":"presence","start":5373.19,"end":5373.71},{"text":"and","start":5374.23,"end":5374.71},{"text":"take","start":5375.19,"end":5375.43},{"text":"steps","start":5375.43,"end":5375.75},{"text":"to","start":5375.75,"end":5375.91},{"text":"prevent","start":5375.91,"end":5376.27},{"text":"trade","start":5376.27,"end":5376.63},{"text":"or","start":5376.63,"end":5376.75},{"text":"investment","start":5376.75,"end":5377.43},{"text":"relations","start":5377.43,"end":5378.15},{"text":"that","start":5378.39,"end":5378.55},{"text":"assist","start":5378.55,"end":5378.95},{"text":"in","start":5378.95,"end":5379.11},{"text":"maintaining","start":5379.11,"end":5379.67},{"text":"the","start":5379.67,"end":5379.79},{"text":"illegal","start":5379.79,"end":5380.23},{"text":"situation.","start":5380.23,"end":5381.03}]},{"text":"We welcome steps taken by some States towards fulfilling their international legal obligations in that regard, and call upon them to urgently take the further steps necessary to fully comply with their obligations.","start":5381.47,"end":5393.23,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5381.47,"end":5381.67},{"text":"welcome","start":5381.67,"end":5382.11},{"text":"steps","start":5382.11,"end":5382.51},{"text":"taken","start":5382.51,"end":5382.99},{"text":"by","start":5382.99,"end":5383.23},{"text":"some","start":5383.23,"end":5383.47},{"text":"States","start":5383.47,"end":5383.83},{"text":"towards","start":5383.83,"end":5384.19},{"text":"fulfilling","start":5384.19,"end":5384.75},{"text":"their","start":5384.75,"end":5384.87},{"text":"international","start":5384.87,"end":5385.51},{"text":"legal","start":5385.51,"end":5385.79},{"text":"obligations","start":5385.79,"end":5386.43},{"text":"in","start":5386.43,"end":5386.55},{"text":"that","start":5386.55,"end":5386.71},{"text":"regard,","start":5386.71,"end":5387.23},{"text":"and","start":5387.71,"end":5387.91},{"text":"call","start":5387.91,"end":5388.19},{"text":"upon","start":5388.19,"end":5388.47},{"text":"them","start":5388.47,"end":5388.67},{"text":"to","start":5388.67,"end":5388.79},{"text":"urgently","start":5388.79,"end":5389.23},{"text":"take","start":5389.23,"end":5389.47},{"text":"the","start":5389.47,"end":5389.55},{"text":"further","start":5389.55,"end":5390.03},{"text":"steps","start":5390.03,"end":5390.35},{"text":"necessary","start":5390.35,"end":5391.07},{"text":"to","start":5391.31,"end":5391.43},{"text":"fully","start":5391.43,"end":5391.71},{"text":"comply","start":5391.71,"end":5392.15},{"text":"with","start":5392.15,"end":5392.31},{"text":"their","start":5392.31,"end":5392.47},{"text":"obligations.","start":5392.47,"end":5393.23}]},{"text":"Mr. Vice-Chair, regarding the guiding questions, we have the following points: First, due diligence must cover the right to development, including self-determination, and must be enhanced in conflict-affected areas and under occupation.","start":5394.11,"end":5410.19,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":5394.11,"end":5394.47},{"text":"Vice-Chair,","start":5394.47,"end":5395.15},{"text":"regarding","start":5395.55,"end":5396.03},{"text":"the","start":5396.03,"end":5396.19},{"text":"guiding","start":5396.19,"end":5396.67},{"text":"questions,","start":5396.67,"end":5397.39},{"text":"we","start":5397.39,"end":5397.59},{"text":"have","start":5397.59,"end":5397.79},{"text":"the","start":5397.79,"end":5397.87},{"text":"following","start":5397.87,"end":5398.43},{"text":"points:","start":5398.43,"end":5398.83},{"text":"First,","start":5399.79,"end":5400.43},{"text":"due","start":5400.83,"end":5401.15},{"text":"diligence","start":5401.15,"end":5401.87},{"text":"must","start":5401.87,"end":5402.19},{"text":"cover","start":5402.19,"end":5402.51},{"text":"the","start":5402.51,"end":5402.59},{"text":"right","start":5402.59,"end":5402.87},{"text":"to","start":5402.87,"end":5402.95},{"text":"development,","start":5402.95,"end":5403.71},{"text":"including","start":5403.71,"end":5404.27},{"text":"self-determination,","start":5404.27,"end":5405.39},{"text":"and","start":5405.71,"end":5405.87},{"text":"must","start":5405.87,"end":5406.11},{"text":"be","start":5406.11,"end":5406.27},{"text":"enhanced","start":5406.27,"end":5406.91},{"text":"in","start":5406.91,"end":5407.15},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":5407.15,"end":5408.35},{"text":"areas","start":5408.35,"end":5408.83},{"text":"and","start":5408.83,"end":5409.15},{"text":"under","start":5409.15,"end":5409.51},{"text":"occupation.","start":5409.51,"end":5410.19}]},{"text":"Where an activity itself sustains an illegal situation, the answer is not better process, but non-entry, termination, and divestment.","start":5410.71,"end":5419.79,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":5410.71,"end":5410.95},{"text":"an","start":5410.95,"end":5411.03},{"text":"activity","start":5411.03,"end":5411.63},{"text":"itself","start":5411.63,"end":5412.07},{"text":"sustains","start":5412.07,"end":5412.79},{"text":"an","start":5412.79,"end":5412.91},{"text":"illegal","start":5412.91,"end":5413.31},{"text":"situation,","start":5413.31,"end":5414.11},{"text":"the","start":5414.35,"end":5414.55},{"text":"answer","start":5414.55,"end":5414.99},{"text":"is","start":5414.99,"end":5415.15},{"text":"not","start":5415.15,"end":5415.47},{"text":"better","start":5415.47,"end":5415.79},{"text":"process,","start":5415.79,"end":5416.43},{"text":"but","start":5416.43,"end":5416.67},{"text":"non-entry,","start":5416.67,"end":5417.63},{"text":"termination,","start":5417.95,"end":5418.83},{"text":"and","start":5418.83,"end":5419.03},{"text":"divestment.","start":5419.03,"end":5419.79}]},{"text":"Second, voluntary guidance is not enough.","start":5420.59,"end":5423.71,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5420.59,"end":5421.23},{"text":"voluntary","start":5421.55,"end":5422.27},{"text":"guidance","start":5422.27,"end":5422.83},{"text":"is","start":5422.83,"end":5423.07},{"text":"not","start":5423.07,"end":5423.31},{"text":"enough.","start":5423.31,"end":5423.71}]},{"text":"A smart mix needs a binding core, direct obligations on corporations, liability across value chains, extraterritorial and universal jurisdiction, and access to remedy for victims.","start":5424.19,"end":5437.23,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. 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Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":5437.75,"end":5437.99},{"text":"is","start":5437.99,"end":5438.11},{"text":"what","start":5438.11,"end":5438.31},{"text":"the","start":5438.31,"end":5438.39},{"text":"legally","start":5438.39,"end":5438.79},{"text":"binding","start":5438.79,"end":5439.19},{"text":"instrument","start":5439.19,"end":5439.83},{"text":"on","start":5439.83,"end":5439.99},{"text":"transnational","start":5439.99,"end":5440.87},{"text":"corporations","start":5440.87,"end":5441.67},{"text":"is","start":5441.91,"end":5442.15},{"text":"meant","start":5442.15,"end":5442.43},{"text":"to","start":5442.43,"end":5442.55},{"text":"deliver.","start":5442.55,"end":5443.11}]},{"text":"The Intergovernmental Working Group on TNCs and other business enterprises closed its 12th session this month, and we urge all States to engage constructively to ensure a strong and forward-looking treaty that puts people before profit.","start":5443.59,"end":5457.35,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. 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Chair.","start":5681.51,"end":5682.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5681.51,"end":5681.67},{"text":"you,","start":5681.67,"end":5681.75},{"text":"Chair.","start":5681.75,"end":5682.03}]},{"text":"We thank our colleagues for their presentation, which was very insightful from our 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They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Due","start":5703.67,"end":5703.83},{"text":"diligence","start":5703.83,"end":5704.23},{"text":"frameworks","start":5704.23,"end":5704.75},{"text":"are","start":5704.75,"end":5704.83},{"text":"welcome","start":5704.83,"end":5705.27},{"text":"insofar","start":5705.75,"end":5706.27},{"text":"as","start":5706.27,"end":5706.39},{"text":"they","start":5706.39,"end":5706.51},{"text":"prevent","start":5706.51,"end":5706.87},{"text":"harm,","start":5706.87,"end":5707.27},{"text":"ensure","start":5707.27,"end":5707.59},{"text":"meaningful","start":5707.59,"end":5707.99},{"text":"consultation","start":5707.99,"end":5708.71},{"text":"with","start":5709.03,"end":5709.27},{"text":"affected","start":5709.27,"end":5709.59},{"text":"communities,","start":5709.59,"end":5710.15},{"text":"and","start":5710.15,"end":5710.27},{"text":"secure","start":5710.27,"end":5710.63},{"text":"effective","start":5710.63,"end":5711.11},{"text":"remedy.","start":5711.11,"end":5711.51}]},{"text":"Yet obligations must not run in one direction only.","start":5711.75,"end":5715.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":5711.75,"end":5712.07},{"text":"obligations","start":5712.07,"end":5712.95},{"text":"must","start":5713.03,"end":5713.35},{"text":"not","start":5713.35,"end":5713.59},{"text":"run","start":5713.59,"end":5713.83},{"text":"in","start":5713.83,"end":5714.03},{"text":"one","start":5714.03,"end":5714.23},{"text":"direction","start":5714.23,"end":5714.71},{"text":"only.","start":5714.71,"end":5715.11}]},{"text":"Too often, due diligence is invoked to manage investor risk rather than protect rights holders, while investor protection is treated as sacrosanct and community consent, environmental stewardship, and fair benefit sharing as optional.","start":5715.47,"end":5728.67,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":5715.47,"end":5715.55},{"text":"often,","start":5715.55,"end":5715.95},{"text":"due","start":5716.19,"end":5716.35},{"text":"diligence","start":5716.35,"end":5716.79},{"text":"is","start":5716.79,"end":5716.91},{"text":"invoked","start":5716.91,"end":5717.31},{"text":"to","start":5717.31,"end":5717.39},{"text":"manage","start":5717.39,"end":5717.71},{"text":"investor","start":5717.71,"end":5718.15},{"text":"risk","start":5718.15,"end":5718.51},{"text":"rather","start":5718.83,"end":5719.11},{"text":"than","start":5719.11,"end":5719.27},{"text":"protect","start":5719.27,"end":5719.71},{"text":"rights","start":5719.79,"end":5720.11},{"text":"holders,","start":5720.11,"end":5720.59},{"text":"while","start":5720.75,"end":5720.99},{"text":"investor","start":5720.99,"end":5721.47},{"text":"protection","start":5721.47,"end":5722.03},{"text":"is","start":5722.19,"end":5722.43},{"text":"treated","start":5722.43,"end":5722.83},{"text":"as","start":5722.99,"end":5723.11},{"text":"sacrosanct","start":5723.11,"end":5723.95},{"text":"and","start":5724.03,"end":5724.23},{"text":"community","start":5724.23,"end":5724.63},{"text":"consent,","start":5724.63,"end":5725.07},{"text":"environmental","start":5725.07,"end":5725.71},{"text":"stewardship,","start":5725.71,"end":5726.35},{"text":"and","start":5726.67,"end":5726.83},{"text":"fair","start":5726.83,"end":5727.03},{"text":"benefit","start":5727.03,"end":5727.39},{"text":"sharing","start":5727.39,"end":5727.87},{"text":"as","start":5728.03,"end":5728.27},{"text":"optional.","start":5728.27,"end":5728.67}]},{"text":"Corporate responsibility must be matched by corporate accountability, and the international investment regime must be reconciled with the right to development, not permitted to override it.","start":5729.07,"end":5740.91,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Corporate","start":5729.07,"end":5729.47},{"text":"responsibility","start":5729.47,"end":5730.51},{"text":"must","start":5731.55,"end":5731.87},{"text":"be","start":5731.87,"end":5731.95},{"text":"matched","start":5731.95,"end":5732.43},{"text":"by","start":5732.43,"end":5732.67},{"text":"corporate","start":5732.67,"end":5733.07},{"text":"accountability,","start":5733.07,"end":5733.87},{"text":"and","start":5734.11,"end":5734.27},{"text":"the","start":5734.27,"end":5734.35},{"text":"international","start":5734.35,"end":5734.83},{"text":"investment","start":5734.83,"end":5735.31},{"text":"regime","start":5735.31,"end":5735.71},{"text":"must","start":5735.95,"end":5736.31},{"text":"be","start":5736.31,"end":5736.39},{"text":"reconciled","start":5736.39,"end":5737.15},{"text":"with","start":5737.31,"end":5737.51},{"text":"the","start":5737.51,"end":5737.59},{"text":"right","start":5737.59,"end":5737.75},{"text":"to","start":5737.75,"end":5737.83},{"text":"development,","start":5737.83,"end":5738.55},{"text":"not","start":5738.67,"end":5739.07},{"text":"permitted","start":5739.07,"end":5739.71},{"text":"to","start":5740.03,"end":5740.23},{"text":"override","start":5740.23,"end":5740.75},{"text":"it.","start":5740.75,"end":5740.91}]},{"text":"Pakistan’s own experience is instructive.","start":5741.15,"end":5743.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan’s","start":5741.15,"end":5741.79},{"text":"own","start":5741.79,"end":5741.91},{"text":"experience","start":5741.91,"end":5742.59},{"text":"is","start":5742.99,"end":5743.07},{"text":"instructive.","start":5743.07,"end":5743.71}]},{"text":"In the recorded case, a mining company, an investment tribunal imposed an award of nearly USD 6 billion against Pakistan in a process in which the local population was never heard.","start":5744.47,"end":5755.51,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5744.47,"end":5744.51},{"text":"the","start":5744.51,"end":5744.59},{"text":"recorded","start":5744.59,"end":5744.95},{"text":"case,","start":5744.95,"end":5745.43},{"text":"a","start":5745.83,"end":5745.87},{"text":"mining","start":5745.87,"end":5746.19},{"text":"company,","start":5746.19,"end":5746.63},{"text":"an","start":5746.83,"end":5746.91},{"text":"investment","start":5746.91,"end":5747.39},{"text":"tribunal","start":5747.39,"end":5747.91},{"text":"imposed","start":5747.91,"end":5748.43},{"text":"an","start":5748.43,"end":5748.55},{"text":"award","start":5748.55,"end":5748.83},{"text":"of","start":5748.83,"end":5748.95},{"text":"nearly","start":5748.95,"end":5749.43},{"text":"USD","start":5749.67,"end":5750.15},{"text":"6","start":5750.15,"end":5750.71},{"text":"billion","start":5750.71,"end":5751.51},{"text":"against","start":5751.55,"end":5751.91},{"text":"Pakistan","start":5751.91,"end":5752.55},{"text":"in","start":5752.71,"end":5752.87},{"text":"a","start":5752.87,"end":5752.91},{"text":"process","start":5752.91,"end":5753.35},{"text":"in","start":5753.35,"end":5753.43},{"text":"which","start":5753.43,"end":5753.59},{"text":"the","start":5753.59,"end":5753.67},{"text":"local","start":5753.67,"end":5753.91},{"text":"population","start":5753.91,"end":5754.47},{"text":"was","start":5754.71,"end":5754.87},{"text":"never","start":5754.87,"end":5755.19},{"text":"heard.","start":5755.19,"end":5755.51}]},{"text":"The discounted cash flow method compensates an enterprise for projected future earnings, yet attaches no value to the expectations, oil and sacrifice of the communities whose land and resources sustain such projects.","start":5755.91,"end":5770.99,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. 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They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":5778.67,"end":5778.95},{"text":"awards","start":5778.95,"end":5779.47},{"text":"divert","start":5779.71,"end":5780.19},{"text":"scarce","start":5780.19,"end":5780.59},{"text":"resources","start":5780.59,"end":5781.23},{"text":"from","start":5781.47,"end":5781.67},{"text":"schools,","start":5781.67,"end":5782.19},{"text":"hospitals,","start":5782.43,"end":5783.15},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":5783.31,"end":5784.19},{"text":"and","start":5784.43,"end":5784.67},{"text":"chill","start":5784.67,"end":5785.07},{"text":"the","start":5785.55,"end":5785.67},{"text":"state's","start":5785.67,"end":5786.03},{"text":"duty","start":5786.03,"end":5786.51},{"text":"to","start":5786.67,"end":5786.79},{"text":"regulate","start":5786.79,"end":5787.39},{"text":"in","start":5787.79,"end":5787.91},{"text":"the","start":5787.91,"end":5788.03},{"text":"public","start":5788.03,"end":5788.35},{"text":"interest.","start":5788.35,"end":5788.67}]},{"text":"We invite the mechanism to examine this imbalance.","start":5788.67,"end":5792.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5788.67,"end":5788.79},{"text":"invite","start":5788.79,"end":5789.31},{"text":"the","start":5789.47,"end":5789.67},{"text":"mechanism","start":5789.67,"end":5790.27},{"text":"to","start":5790.59,"end":5790.71},{"text":"examine","start":5790.83,"end":5791.39},{"text":"this","start":5791.55,"end":5791.75},{"text":"imbalance.","start":5791.75,"end":5792.27}]},{"text":"The consequences are starkest where corporate actors supply tools of occupation.","start":5792.59,"end":5797.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5792.59,"end":5792.75},{"text":"consequences","start":5792.75,"end":5793.63},{"text":"are","start":5793.95,"end":5794.03},{"text":"starkest","start":5794.03,"end":5794.83},{"text":"where","start":5795.19,"end":5795.31},{"text":"corporate","start":5795.31,"end":5795.79},{"text":"actors","start":5795.79,"end":5796.23},{"text":"supply","start":5796.23,"end":5796.75},{"text":"tools","start":5796.75,"end":5797.11},{"text":"of","start":5797.11,"end":5797.23},{"text":"occupation.","start":5797.31,"end":5797.95}]},{"text":"In Palestine, companies furnish the technologies and weapons used for genocide.","start":5798.51,"end":5804.03,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5798.51,"end":5798.75},{"text":"Palestine,","start":5798.75,"end":5799.31},{"text":"companies","start":5800.43,"end":5800.91},{"text":"furnish","start":5800.91,"end":5801.31},{"text":"the","start":5801.31,"end":5801.39},{"text":"technologies","start":5801.39,"end":5802.03},{"text":"and","start":5802.03,"end":5802.19},{"text":"weapons","start":5802.19,"end":5802.67},{"text":"used","start":5802.67,"end":5803.15},{"text":"for","start":5803.15,"end":5803.35},{"text":"genocide.","start":5803.35,"end":5804.03}]},{"text":"In line with the ICJ's ruling, states must cease all trade and investment relations in Israel that sustain the unlawful occupation.","start":5804.43,"end":5814.51,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5804.43,"end":5804.59},{"text":"line","start":5804.59,"end":5804.83},{"text":"with","start":5804.83,"end":5804.95},{"text":"the","start":5804.95,"end":5805.03},{"text":"ICJ's","start":5805.03,"end":5805.51},{"text":"ruling,","start":5805.51,"end":5805.79},{"text":"states","start":5805.79,"end":5806.31},{"text":"must","start":5806.67,"end":5807.19},{"text":"cease","start":5807.19,"end":5807.55},{"text":"all","start":5807.95,"end":5808.19},{"text":"trade","start":5808.19,"end":5808.67},{"text":"and","start":5808.91,"end":5809.07},{"text":"investment","start":5809.07,"end":5809.59},{"text":"relations","start":5809.59,"end":5810.19},{"text":"in","start":5810.59,"end":5811.07},{"text":"Israel","start":5811.55,"end":5812.19},{"text":"that","start":5812.19,"end":5812.39},{"text":"sustain","start":5812.39,"end":5812.91},{"text":"the","start":5812.91,"end":5813.11},{"text":"unlawful","start":5813.15,"end":5813.87},{"text":"occupation.","start":5813.87,"end":5814.51}]},{"text":"We call upon states, as the colleague from Palestine, we echo the sentiments she expressed, that states must reject similar approaches not only in Palestine, but in all cases of foreign occupation everywhere where so-called development project seeks to suppress the fundamental right to self-determination.","start":5814.67,"end":5835.87,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. 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Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":27,"start":5849.23,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=1:37:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":5849.23,"end":5849.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5849.23,"end":5849.39},{"text":"you,","start":5849.39,"end":5849.55},{"text":"Chair.","start":5849.55,"end":5849.83}]},{"text":"I am Nattaporn Athan, a woman human rights defender from Isan, a founder of the Isan Democracy Movement, speaking on behalf of Forum Asia, Manushya Foundation, and Isan 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Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":5872.91,"end":5873.15},{"text":"community","start":5873.15,"end":5873.71},{"text":"depend","start":5873.71,"end":5874.03},{"text":"on","start":5874.03,"end":5874.19},{"text":"the","start":5874.19,"end":5874.31},{"text":"Mekong","start":5874.31,"end":5874.75},{"text":"River","start":5874.75,"end":5875.15},{"text":"to","start":5875.79,"end":5875.95},{"text":"survive.","start":5875.95,"end":5876.51}]},{"text":"Unsustainable dams have damaged our river, blocked fish from moving freely, and harmed our livelihoods.","start":5877.67,"end":5883.79,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. 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this regard, last year we had the honor to host and facilitate the participation in the 12th session of the expert mechanism of Joseroviro 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one of the leaders of the peace community of San Jose de Apartado in Colombia, a community that despite almost 30 years of threats and attacks, stands as an alternative model of peaceful coexistence, harmony with nature, and sustainable economy in a context of armed conflict exploitation.","start":6117.19,"end":6135.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"He's","start":6117.19,"end":6117.43},{"text":"one","start":6117.43,"end":6117.63},{"text":"of","start":6117.63,"end":6117.75},{"text":"the","start":6117.75,"end":6117.83},{"text":"leaders","start":6117.83,"end":6118.23},{"text":"of","start":6118.23,"end":6118.39},{"text":"the","start":6118.39,"end":6118.51},{"text":"peace","start":6118.51,"end":6118.79},{"text":"community","start":6118.79,"end":6119.27},{"text":"of","start":6119.27,"end":6119.39},{"text":"San","start":6119.39,"end":6119.67},{"text":"Jose","start":6119.67,"end":6119.91},{"text":"de","start":6119.91,"end":6119.99},{"text":"Apartado","start":6119.99,"end":6120.71},{"text":"in","start":6120.87,"end":6121.03},{"text":"Colombia,","start":6121.03,"end":6121.71},{"text":"a","start":6121.71,"end":6121.75},{"text":"community","start":6122.23,"end":6122.75},{"text":"that","start":6122.75,"end":6122.91},{"text":"despite","start":6122.91,"end":6123.51},{"text":"almost","start":6123.51,"end":6124.07},{"text":"30","start":6124.07,"end":6124.27},{"text":"years","start":6124.27,"end":6124.55},{"text":"of","start":6124.55,"end":6124.63},{"text":"threats","start":6124.63,"end":6125.19},{"text":"and","start":6125.19,"end":6125.39},{"text":"attacks,","start":6125.39,"end":6125.99},{"text":"stands","start":6126.23,"end":6126.71},{"text":"as","start":6126.71,"end":6127.03},{"text":"an","start":6127.03,"end":6127.15},{"text":"alternative","start":6127.15,"end":6127.75},{"text":"model","start":6127.75,"end":6128.15},{"text":"of","start":6128.15,"end":6128.23},{"text":"peaceful","start":6128.23,"end":6128.71},{"text":"coexistence,","start":6128.71,"end":6129.59},{"text":"harmony","start":6129.83,"end":6130.31},{"text":"with","start":6130.31,"end":6130.51},{"text":"nature,","start":6130.55,"end":6131.11},{"text":"and","start":6131.27,"end":6131.43},{"text":"sustainable","start":6131.43,"end":6132.15},{"text":"economy","start":6132.15,"end":6132.79},{"text":"in","start":6132.95,"end":6133.15},{"text":"a","start":6133.15,"end":6133.19},{"text":"context","start":6133.19,"end":6133.75},{"text":"of","start":6133.75,"end":6133.91},{"text":"armed","start":6133.91,"end":6134.15},{"text":"conflict","start":6134.15,"end":6134.63},{"text":"exploitation.","start":6134.63,"end":6135.59}]},{"text":"We want to recall what Roviro emphasized in his intervention during the session, and I quote: “The right to development cannot be imposed from above.","start":6135.91,"end":6144.63,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6135.91,"end":6136.15},{"text":"want","start":6136.15,"end":6136.39},{"text":"to","start":6136.39,"end":6136.47},{"text":"recall","start":6136.47,"end":6136.87},{"text":"what","start":6136.87,"end":6137.11},{"text":"Roviro","start":6137.11,"end":6137.43},{"text":"emphasized","start":6137.51,"end":6138.03},{"text":"in","start":6138.15,"end":6138.39},{"text":"his","start":6138.39,"end":6138.55},{"text":"intervention","start":6138.55,"end":6139.31},{"text":"during","start":6139.31,"end":6139.59},{"text":"the","start":6139.59,"end":6139.67},{"text":"session,","start":6139.67,"end":6140.31},{"text":"and","start":6140.79,"end":6140.95},{"text":"I","start":6141.03,"end":6141.11},{"text":"quote:","start":6141.11,"end":6141.59},{"text":"“The","start":6141.91,"end":6142.07},{"text":"right","start":6142.07,"end":6142.31},{"text":"to","start":6142.31,"end":6142.39},{"text":"development","start":6142.39,"end":6142.99},{"text":"cannot","start":6142.99,"end":6143.31},{"text":"be","start":6143.31,"end":6143.47},{"text":"imposed","start":6143.47,"end":6143.91},{"text":"from","start":6143.91,"end":6144.15},{"text":"above.","start":6144.15,"end":6144.63}]},{"text":"It arises from communities defending land, water, native seeds, memory, education, and the ability to live in peace.”","start":6144.87,"end":6152.47,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6144.87,"end":6145.15},{"text":"arises","start":6145.15,"end":6145.59},{"text":"from","start":6145.59,"end":6145.83},{"text":"communities","start":6145.83,"end":6146.51},{"text":"defending","start":6146.51,"end":6147.11},{"text":"land,","start":6147.11,"end":6147.59},{"text":"water,","start":6147.59,"end":6148.15},{"text":"native","start":6148.15,"end":6148.55},{"text":"seeds,","start":6148.55,"end":6149.03},{"text":"memory,","start":6149.19,"end":6149.75},{"text":"education,","start":6149.75,"end":6150.55},{"text":"and","start":6150.71,"end":6150.91},{"text":"the","start":6150.91,"end":6150.99},{"text":"ability","start":6150.99,"end":6151.51},{"text":"to","start":6151.51,"end":6151.63},{"text":"live","start":6151.63,"end":6151.83},{"text":"in","start":6151.83,"end":6151.99},{"text":"peace.”","start":6151.99,"end":6152.47}]},{"text":"These communities deserve laws and mechanisms protecting them from the abuses of corporations and enterprises, which use the lack of adequate normative frameworks to impose what they call development by devastating the environment, dispossessing communities of their land and natural resources, and hindering the enjoyment of basic human rights, including the right to development.","start":6152.87,"end":6175.75,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6152.87,"end":6153.03},{"text":"communities","start":6153.03,"end":6153.59},{"text":"deserve","start":6153.59,"end":6154.15},{"text":"laws","start":6154.15,"end":6154.51},{"text":"and","start":6154.51,"end":6154.63},{"text":"mechanisms","start":6154.63,"end":6155.35},{"text":"protecting","start":6155.51,"end":6156.15},{"text":"them","start":6156.15,"end":6156.47},{"text":"from","start":6156.47,"end":6156.63},{"text":"the","start":6156.63,"end":6156.75},{"text":"abuses","start":6156.75,"end":6157.27},{"text":"of","start":6157.27,"end":6157.43},{"text":"corporations","start":6157.43,"end":6158.31},{"text":"and","start":6158.39,"end":6158.63},{"text":"enterprises,","start":6158.63,"end":6159.67},{"text":"which","start":6159.83,"end":6160.15},{"text":"use","start":6160.15,"end":6160.39},{"text":"the","start":6160.39,"end":6160.51},{"text":"lack","start":6160.51,"end":6160.83},{"text":"of","start":6160.83,"end":6160.95},{"text":"adequate","start":6160.95,"end":6161.51},{"text":"normative","start":6161.51,"end":6162.03},{"text":"frameworks","start":6162.03,"end":6162.63},{"text":"to","start":6163.03,"end":6163.15},{"text":"impose","start":6163.15,"end":6163.59},{"text":"what","start":6163.59,"end":6163.83},{"text":"they","start":6163.83,"end":6163.91},{"text":"call","start":6163.91,"end":6164.39},{"text":"development","start":6164.39,"end":6165.19},{"text":"by","start":6165.51,"end":6165.71},{"text":"devastating","start":6165.71,"end":6166.35},{"text":"the","start":6166.35,"end":6166.51},{"text":"environment,","start":6166.51,"end":6167.19},{"text":"dispossessing","start":6167.35,"end":6168.15},{"text":"communities","start":6168.15,"end":6168.79},{"text":"of","start":6168.79,"end":6168.95},{"text":"their","start":6168.95,"end":6169.11},{"text":"land","start":6169.11,"end":6169.51},{"text":"and","start":6169.75,"end":6169.91},{"text":"natural","start":6169.91,"end":6170.35},{"text":"resources,","start":6170.35,"end":6171.03},{"text":"and","start":6171.35,"end":6171.47},{"text":"hindering","start":6171.47,"end":6171.91},{"text":"the","start":6171.91,"end":6172.03},{"text":"enjoyment","start":6172.03,"end":6172.63},{"text":"of","start":6172.63,"end":6172.71},{"text":"basic","start":6172.71,"end":6173.11},{"text":"human","start":6173.11,"end":6173.43},{"text":"rights,","start":6173.43,"end":6173.83},{"text":"including","start":6174.07,"end":6174.59},{"text":"the","start":6174.59,"end":6174.67},{"text":"right","start":6174.67,"end":6174.87},{"text":"to","start":6174.87,"end":6174.95},{"text":"development.","start":6174.95,"end":6175.75}]},{"text":"Therefore, we underline not only the need for robust and binding national normative frameworks which ensure corporate accountability, but also for linking the role of business actors to implement the right to development.","start":6176.31,"end":6188.87,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":6176.31,"end":6176.87},{"text":"we","start":6176.95,"end":6177.11},{"text":"underline","start":6177.11,"end":6177.63},{"text":"not","start":6177.63,"end":6177.83},{"text":"only","start":6177.83,"end":6178.11},{"text":"the","start":6178.11,"end":6178.23},{"text":"need","start":6178.23,"end":6178.47},{"text":"for","start":6178.47,"end":6178.67},{"text":"robust","start":6178.67,"end":6179.19},{"text":"and","start":6179.19,"end":6179.31},{"text":"binding","start":6179.31,"end":6179.75},{"text":"national","start":6179.75,"end":6180.15},{"text":"normative","start":6180.15,"end":6180.67},{"text":"frameworks","start":6180.67,"end":6181.35},{"text":"which","start":6181.59,"end":6181.87},{"text":"ensure","start":6181.87,"end":6182.31},{"text":"corporate","start":6182.31,"end":6182.95},{"text":"accountability,","start":6182.95,"end":6183.91},{"text":"but","start":6184.31,"end":6184.55},{"text":"also","start":6184.55,"end":6184.79},{"text":"for","start":6184.79,"end":6185.03},{"text":"linking","start":6185.03,"end":6185.51},{"text":"the","start":6185.51,"end":6185.59},{"text":"role","start":6185.59,"end":6185.87},{"text":"of","start":6185.87,"end":6185.99},{"text":"business","start":6185.99,"end":6186.47},{"text":"actors","start":6186.47,"end":6186.87},{"text":"to","start":6186.87,"end":6186.99},{"text":"implement","start":6186.99,"end":6187.59},{"text":"the","start":6187.59,"end":6187.71},{"text":"right","start":6187.71,"end":6187.95},{"text":"to","start":6187.95,"end":6188.07},{"text":"development.","start":6188.07,"end":6188.87}]},{"text":"Key measures such as human rights impact assessment and due diligence provisions should be mandatory and should explicitly refer to the right to development, as also suggested by Dr. Yang.","start":6189.27,"end":6201.03,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."}],"words":[{"text":"Key","start":6189.27,"end":6189.43},{"text":"measures","start":6189.43,"end":6189.95},{"text":"such","start":6189.95,"end":6190.55},{"text":"as","start":6190.59,"end":6190.67},{"text":"human","start":6190.67,"end":6191.03},{"text":"rights","start":6191.03,"end":6191.27},{"text":"impact","start":6191.27,"end":6191.83},{"text":"assessment","start":6192.15,"end":6192.99},{"text":"and","start":6192.99,"end":6193.11},{"text":"due","start":6193.11,"end":6193.27},{"text":"diligence","start":6193.27,"end":6193.75},{"text":"provisions","start":6193.75,"end":6194.47},{"text":"should","start":6194.71,"end":6194.95},{"text":"be","start":6194.95,"end":6195.11},{"text":"mandatory","start":6195.11,"end":6195.91},{"text":"and","start":6196.15,"end":6196.31},{"text":"should","start":6196.31,"end":6196.47},{"text":"explicitly","start":6196.47,"end":6197.19},{"text":"refer","start":6197.19,"end":6197.51},{"text":"to","start":6197.51,"end":6197.67},{"text":"the","start":6197.67,"end":6197.79},{"text":"right","start":6197.79,"end":6198.03},{"text":"to","start":6198.03,"end":6198.11},{"text":"development,","start":6198.11,"end":6198.79},{"text":"as","start":6199.03,"end":6199.19},{"text":"also","start":6199.19,"end":6199.51},{"text":"suggested","start":6199.51,"end":6200.07},{"text":"by","start":6200.07,"end":6200.23},{"text":"Dr.","start":6200.23,"end":6200.71},{"text":"Yang.","start":6200.71,"end":6201.03}]},{"text":"At the same time, all of us are aware that natural dimension, although necessary, alone could not be sufficient.","start":6201.91,"end":6208.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":6201.91,"end":6201.95},{"text":"the","start":6201.99,"end":6202.07},{"text":"same","start":6202.07,"end":6202.39},{"text":"time,","start":6202.39,"end":6202.79},{"text":"all","start":6202.79,"end":6202.99},{"text":"of","start":6202.99,"end":6203.19},{"text":"us","start":6203.19,"end":6203.35},{"text":"are","start":6203.35,"end":6203.43},{"text":"aware","start":6203.43,"end":6203.75},{"text":"that","start":6203.75,"end":6203.99},{"text":"natural","start":6203.99,"end":6204.47},{"text":"dimension,","start":6204.47,"end":6205.23},{"text":"although","start":6205.23,"end":6205.59},{"text":"necessary,","start":6205.59,"end":6206.39},{"text":"alone","start":6206.71,"end":6207.11},{"text":"could","start":6207.11,"end":6207.43},{"text":"not","start":6207.43,"end":6207.63},{"text":"be","start":6207.63,"end":6207.79},{"text":"sufficient.","start":6207.79,"end":6208.55}]},{"text":"Only a mandatory international legal framework could fill the normative gaps and consistency among national legislation, avoiding that business-related human rights violation along global value chains remain unpunished.","start":6208.95,"end":6223.11,"topics":[{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. 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please share your statements in writing with our secretary.","start":6260.43,"end":6264.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":6260.43,"end":6260.63},{"text":"please","start":6260.67,"end":6260.91},{"text":"share","start":6260.91,"end":6261.15},{"text":"your","start":6261.15,"end":6261.39},{"text":"statements","start":6261.39,"end":6261.95},{"text":"in","start":6261.95,"end":6262.11},{"text":"writing","start":6262.11,"end":6262.67},{"text":"with","start":6263.07,"end":6263.39},{"text":"our","start":6263.43,"end":6263.71},{"text":"secretary.","start":6263.71,"end":6264.43}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And lastly, I would like to invite all the guests that took the floor to use maximum 30 seconds of time to 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I think one thing I would like to address is that we know that due diligence framework is more focused on preventing adverse human rights impacts.","start":6298.39,"end":6307.75,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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Now I would like to invite Mr. Watershort.","start":6338.79,"end":6345.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6338.79,"end":6339.07},{"text":"you,","start":6339.07,"end":6339.15},{"text":"Mrs.","start":6339.15,"end":6339.51},{"text":"Le","start":6339.51,"end":6339.59},{"text":"Miel.","start":6339.59,"end":6340.07},{"text":"Now","start":6340.47,"end":6340.67},{"text":"I","start":6340.67,"end":6340.71},{"text":"would","start":6340.71,"end":6340.95},{"text":"like","start":6341.27,"end":6341.47},{"text":"to","start":6341.47,"end":6341.71},{"text":"invite","start":6341.71,"end":6342.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":6342.71,"end":6343.83},{"text":"Watershort.","start":6344.95,"end":6345.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":35,"start":6347.91,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=1:45:48","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, moderator, and thank you to one and all for your statements to states and relevant stakeholders as well.","start":6347.91,"end":6354.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6347.91,"end":6348.07},{"text":"you","start":6348.07,"end":6348.15},{"text":"very","start":6348.15,"end":6348.31},{"text":"much,","start":6348.31,"end":6348.47},{"text":"moderator,","start":6348.47,"end":6348.95},{"text":"and","start":6348.95,"end":6349.07},{"text":"thank","start":6349.07,"end":6349.27},{"text":"you","start":6349.27,"end":6349.47},{"text":"to","start":6350.71,"end":6350.87},{"text":"one","start":6350.87,"end":6351.07},{"text":"and","start":6351.07,"end":6351.19},{"text":"all","start":6351.19,"end":6351.35},{"text":"for","start":6351.35,"end":6351.55},{"text":"your","start":6351.55,"end":6351.67},{"text":"statements","start":6351.67,"end":6352.15},{"text":"to","start":6352.15,"end":6352.27},{"text":"states","start":6352.27,"end":6352.71},{"text":"and","start":6352.71,"end":6352.87},{"text":"relevant","start":6352.87,"end":6353.23},{"text":"stakeholders","start":6353.23,"end":6353.91},{"text":"as","start":6353.91,"end":6353.99},{"text":"well.","start":6353.99,"end":6354.15}]},{"text":"I'd simply like to agree with some of the conclusions that we have drawn from this dialogue.","start":6354.15,"end":6362.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":6354.15,"end":6354.35},{"text":"simply","start":6356.39,"end":6356.71},{"text":"like","start":6356.71,"end":6356.95},{"text":"to","start":6356.95,"end":6357.19},{"text":"agree","start":6357.59,"end":6358.15},{"text":"with","start":6358.71,"end":6358.95},{"text":"some","start":6358.95,"end":6359.19},{"text":"of","start":6359.19,"end":6359.35},{"text":"the","start":6359.35,"end":6359.47},{"text":"conclusions","start":6359.51,"end":6360.47},{"text":"that","start":6360.79,"end":6361.03},{"text":"we","start":6361.03,"end":6361.27},{"text":"have","start":6361.27,"end":6361.67},{"text":"drawn","start":6361.67,"end":6361.99},{"text":"from","start":6361.99,"end":6362.15},{"text":"this","start":6362.15,"end":6362.31},{"text":"dialogue.","start":6362.31,"end":6362.87}]},{"text":"Firstly, Due diligence cannot be a checklist.","start":6363.67,"end":6369.11,"topics":[{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. 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1996, at the World Food Summit, it was established that food security at the individual, household, national, regional, and global levels exists when all people at all times have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.","start":7103.59,"end":7125.35,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7163.51,"end":7163.67},{"text":"2024,","start":7163.67,"end":7165.03},{"text":"around","start":7165.35,"end":7165.83},{"text":"2.3","start":7166.15,"end":7166.47},{"text":"billion","start":7166.47,"end":7167.11},{"text":"people","start":7167.43,"end":7167.83},{"text":"experienced","start":7167.83,"end":7168.39},{"text":"moderate","start":7168.39,"end":7168.87},{"text":"or","start":7168.87,"end":7169.03},{"text":"severe","start":7169.03,"end":7169.51},{"text":"food","start":7169.51,"end":7169.75},{"text":"insecurity,","start":7169.75,"end":7170.71},{"text":"which","start":7171.43,"end":7171.67},{"text":"increased","start":7171.67,"end":7172.55},{"text":"from","start":7172.87,"end":7173.11},{"text":"2015,","start":7173.11,"end":7174.15},{"text":"where","start":7174.31,"end":7174.55},{"text":"the","start":7174.55,"end":7174.63},{"text":"point","start":7174.63,"end":7175.03},{"text":"was","start":7175.03,"end":7175.27},{"text":"1.6","start":7175.75,"end":7176.39},{"text":"billion.","start":7176.39,"end":7176.95}]},{"text":"Behind these numbers are people whose lives, whose health, opportunities are compromised.","start":7177.59,"end":7184.07,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Behind","start":7177.59,"end":7178.03},{"text":"these","start":7178.03,"end":7178.15},{"text":"numbers","start":7178.15,"end":7178.55},{"text":"are","start":7178.55,"end":7178.71},{"text":"people","start":7178.71,"end":7179.19},{"text":"whose","start":7179.19,"end":7179.43},{"text":"lives,","start":7179.43,"end":7180.15},{"text":"whose","start":7180.63,"end":7180.79},{"text":"health,","start":7180.87,"end":7181.31},{"text":"opportunities","start":7181.75,"end":7182.87},{"text":"are","start":7182.87,"end":7183.03},{"text":"compromised.","start":7183.03,"end":7184.07}]},{"text":"All these figures reveal the scale and urgency of the challenge that we have in front of us.","start":7184.71,"end":7188.79,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":7184.71,"end":7184.83},{"text":"these","start":7184.83,"end":7184.95},{"text":"figures","start":7184.95,"end":7185.35},{"text":"reveal","start":7185.35,"end":7185.67},{"text":"the","start":7185.67,"end":7185.79},{"text":"scale","start":7185.79,"end":7186.11},{"text":"and","start":7186.11,"end":7186.27},{"text":"urgency","start":7186.27,"end":7186.67},{"text":"of","start":7186.67,"end":7186.75},{"text":"the","start":7186.75,"end":7186.87},{"text":"challenge","start":7186.87,"end":7187.27},{"text":"that","start":7187.27,"end":7187.43},{"text":"we","start":7187.43,"end":7187.51},{"text":"have","start":7187.51,"end":7187.83},{"text":"in","start":7187.83,"end":7187.99},{"text":"front","start":7187.99,"end":7188.27},{"text":"of","start":7188.27,"end":7188.39},{"text":"us.","start":7188.39,"end":7188.79}]},{"text":"The urgency of this discussion is augmented by a convergence of contemporary crises that are eroding food access and deepening inequalities within and between countries and regions.","start":7189.35,"end":7199.67,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7189.35,"end":7189.47},{"text":"urgency","start":7189.51,"end":7189.87},{"text":"of","start":7189.87,"end":7189.99},{"text":"this","start":7189.99,"end":7190.15},{"text":"discussion","start":7190.15,"end":7190.67},{"text":"is","start":7190.67,"end":7190.79},{"text":"augmented","start":7190.79,"end":7191.43},{"text":"by","start":7191.67,"end":7191.91},{"text":"a","start":7191.91,"end":7191.95},{"text":"convergence","start":7191.95,"end":7192.63},{"text":"of","start":7192.63,"end":7192.79},{"text":"contemporary","start":7192.79,"end":7193.39},{"text":"crises","start":7193.39,"end":7194.15},{"text":"that","start":7194.39,"end":7194.59},{"text":"are","start":7194.59,"end":7194.79},{"text":"eroding","start":7194.79,"end":7195.35},{"text":"food","start":7195.35,"end":7195.59},{"text":"access","start":7195.59,"end":7196.07},{"text":"and","start":7196.07,"end":7196.23},{"text":"deepening","start":7196.23,"end":7196.63},{"text":"inequalities","start":7196.63,"end":7197.35},{"text":"within","start":7197.35,"end":7197.67},{"text":"and","start":7197.67,"end":7197.79},{"text":"between","start":7197.79,"end":7198.15},{"text":"countries","start":7198.15,"end":7198.71},{"text":"and","start":7198.71,"end":7198.87},{"text":"regions.","start":7198.87,"end":7199.67}]},{"text":"Armed conflict and occupation, War displacement and climate-related shocks are disrupting food production, supply chains, and humanitarian access in entire regions.","start":7200.47,"end":7211.43,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."},{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Armed","start":7200.47,"end":7200.71},{"text":"conflict","start":7200.71,"end":7201.19},{"text":"and","start":7201.19,"end":7201.31},{"text":"occupation,","start":7201.31,"end":7202.15},{"text":"War","start":7202.99,"end":7203.11},{"text":"displacement","start":7203.11,"end":7203.99},{"text":"and","start":7204.23,"end":7204.43},{"text":"climate-related","start":7204.43,"end":7205.27},{"text":"shocks","start":7205.27,"end":7205.63},{"text":"are","start":7205.63,"end":7205.71},{"text":"disrupting","start":7205.71,"end":7206.55},{"text":"food","start":7206.79,"end":7207.07},{"text":"production,","start":7207.07,"end":7207.63},{"text":"supply","start":7207.63,"end":7208.07},{"text":"chains,","start":7208.07,"end":7208.43},{"text":"and","start":7208.43,"end":7208.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7208.55,"end":7209.35},{"text":"access","start":7209.35,"end":7209.99},{"text":"in","start":7210.15,"end":7210.35},{"text":"entire","start":7210.35,"end":7210.83},{"text":"regions.","start":7210.83,"end":7211.43}]},{"text":"Rising food prices compound these pressures, with the most severe consequences falling on people already experiencing poverty and marginalization.","start":7211.83,"end":7220.47,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Rising","start":7211.83,"end":7212.31},{"text":"food","start":7212.31,"end":7212.55},{"text":"prices","start":7212.55,"end":7213.07},{"text":"compound","start":7213.07,"end":7213.67},{"text":"these","start":7213.67,"end":7213.83},{"text":"pressures,","start":7213.83,"end":7214.55},{"text":"with","start":7214.71,"end":7214.87},{"text":"the","start":7214.87,"end":7214.95},{"text":"most","start":7214.95,"end":7215.23},{"text":"severe","start":7215.23,"end":7215.67},{"text":"consequences","start":7215.67,"end":7216.47},{"text":"falling","start":7216.47,"end":7217.03},{"text":"on","start":7217.35,"end":7217.51},{"text":"people","start":7217.51,"end":7217.83},{"text":"already","start":7217.83,"end":7218.19},{"text":"experiencing","start":7218.19,"end":7218.71},{"text":"poverty","start":7218.71,"end":7219.15},{"text":"and","start":7219.15,"end":7219.27},{"text":"marginalization.","start":7219.27,"end":7220.47}]},{"text":"Women and children, older persons, refugees, indigenous peoples, and people living in conflict situations face particular risks.","start":7220.87,"end":7229.99,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Women","start":7220.87,"end":7221.19},{"text":"and","start":7221.19,"end":7221.35},{"text":"children,","start":7221.35,"end":7221.99},{"text":"older","start":7222.71,"end":7223.11},{"text":"persons,","start":7223.11,"end":7223.91},{"text":"refugees,","start":7223.91,"end":7224.87},{"text":"indigenous","start":7224.87,"end":7225.43},{"text":"peoples,","start":7225.43,"end":7226.15},{"text":"and","start":7226.47,"end":7226.79},{"text":"people","start":7226.79,"end":7227.15},{"text":"living","start":7227.15,"end":7227.35},{"text":"in","start":7227.35,"end":7227.51},{"text":"conflict","start":7227.51,"end":7227.87},{"text":"situations","start":7227.87,"end":7228.47},{"text":"face","start":7228.47,"end":7228.79},{"text":"particular","start":7228.79,"end":7229.39},{"text":"risks.","start":7229.39,"end":7229.99}]},{"text":"as existing inequalities and barriers to resources, protection, and assistance heighten their vulnerability to food insecurity.","start":7230.51,"end":7237.39,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"as","start":7230.51,"end":7230.67},{"text":"existing","start":7230.75,"end":7231.27},{"text":"inequalities","start":7231.27,"end":7231.83},{"text":"and","start":7231.83,"end":7231.95},{"text":"barriers","start":7231.95,"end":7232.43},{"text":"to","start":7232.43,"end":7232.51},{"text":"resources,","start":7232.51,"end":7233.43},{"text":"protection,","start":7233.43,"end":7233.95},{"text":"and","start":7233.95,"end":7234.07},{"text":"assistance","start":7234.07,"end":7234.59},{"text":"heighten","start":7234.83,"end":7235.23},{"text":"their","start":7235.23,"end":7235.39},{"text":"vulnerability","start":7235.39,"end":7236.11},{"text":"to","start":7236.15,"end":7236.23},{"text":"food","start":7236.23,"end":7236.51},{"text":"insecurity.","start":7236.51,"end":7237.39}]},{"text":"Breaking these cycles of disadvantage requires effective responses at national and international levels.","start":7238.11,"end":7244.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Breaking","start":7238.11,"end":7238.59},{"text":"these","start":7238.59,"end":7238.75},{"text":"cycles","start":7238.75,"end":7239.19},{"text":"of","start":7239.19,"end":7239.27},{"text":"disadvantage","start":7239.27,"end":7239.95},{"text":"requires","start":7239.95,"end":7240.51},{"text":"effective","start":7240.51,"end":7241.03},{"text":"responses","start":7241.03,"end":7241.87},{"text":"at","start":7242.19,"end":7242.35},{"text":"national","start":7242.35,"end":7242.71},{"text":"and","start":7242.71,"end":7242.87},{"text":"international","start":7242.87,"end":7243.63},{"text":"levels.","start":7243.63,"end":7244.27}]},{"text":"Yet debt burdens, fiscal constraints, unilateral coercive measures, and weak social protection restrict states' capacity to act.","start":7244.67,"end":7252.27,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":7244.67,"end":7244.99},{"text":"debt","start":7244.99,"end":7245.23},{"text":"burdens,","start":7245.23,"end":7246.03},{"text":"fiscal","start":7246.27,"end":7246.67},{"text":"constraints,","start":7246.67,"end":7247.39},{"text":"unilateral","start":7247.39,"end":7247.95},{"text":"coercive","start":7247.95,"end":7248.43},{"text":"measures,","start":7248.43,"end":7248.83},{"text":"and","start":7248.83,"end":7248.99},{"text":"weak","start":7248.99,"end":7249.23},{"text":"social","start":7249.23,"end":7249.63},{"text":"protection","start":7249.63,"end":7250.11},{"text":"restrict","start":7250.11,"end":7250.51},{"text":"states'","start":7250.51,"end":7250.91},{"text":"capacity","start":7250.91,"end":7251.55},{"text":"to","start":7251.59,"end":7251.67},{"text":"act.","start":7251.71,"end":7252.27}]},{"text":"We must therefore examine how food, resources, and the benefits of development are distributed, within and between countries, paying attention to the structural barriers to effective action, to food security, including permanent and regular access to food, and understanding that this is not a marginal welfare concern, but a core component of social justice and eradication of poverty.","start":7252.83,"end":7276.71,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7252.83,"end":7253.07},{"text":"must","start":7253.07,"end":7253.39},{"text":"therefore","start":7253.39,"end":7253.75},{"text":"examine","start":7253.75,"end":7254.19},{"text":"how","start":7254.19,"end":7254.43},{"text":"food,","start":7254.43,"end":7254.91},{"text":"resources,","start":7255.15,"end":7255.79},{"text":"and","start":7255.79,"end":7255.95},{"text":"the","start":7255.95,"end":7256.03},{"text":"benefits","start":7256.03,"end":7256.55},{"text":"of","start":7256.55,"end":7256.67},{"text":"development","start":7256.67,"end":7257.23},{"text":"are","start":7257.23,"end":7257.35},{"text":"distributed,","start":7257.35,"end":7258.19},{"text":"within","start":7258.79,"end":7259.07},{"text":"and","start":7259.07,"end":7259.27},{"text":"between","start":7259.27,"end":7259.59},{"text":"countries,","start":7259.59,"end":7260.23},{"text":"paying","start":7260.23,"end":7260.55},{"text":"attention","start":7260.55,"end":7261.03},{"text":"to","start":7261.03,"end":7261.11},{"text":"the","start":7261.11,"end":7261.27},{"text":"structural","start":7261.27,"end":7261.75},{"text":"barriers","start":7261.75,"end":7262.23},{"text":"to","start":7262.23,"end":7262.31},{"text":"effective","start":7262.31,"end":7262.95},{"text":"action,","start":7263.03,"end":7263.75},{"text":"to","start":7264.07,"end":7264.23},{"text":"food","start":7264.23,"end":7264.47},{"text":"security,","start":7264.47,"end":7265.19},{"text":"including","start":7265.51,"end":7265.91},{"text":"permanent","start":7265.91,"end":7266.35},{"text":"and","start":7266.35,"end":7266.47},{"text":"regular","start":7266.47,"end":7266.87},{"text":"access","start":7266.87,"end":7267.27},{"text":"to","start":7267.27,"end":7267.43},{"text":"food,","start":7267.43,"end":7267.91},{"text":"and","start":7268.47,"end":7268.95},{"text":"understanding","start":7269.27,"end":7269.83},{"text":"that","start":7269.83,"end":7269.95},{"text":"this","start":7269.95,"end":7270.11},{"text":"is","start":7270.11,"end":7270.23},{"text":"not","start":7270.23,"end":7270.67},{"text":"a","start":7270.67,"end":7270.71},{"text":"marginal","start":7270.71,"end":7271.35},{"text":"welfare","start":7271.35,"end":7271.83},{"text":"concern,","start":7271.83,"end":7272.39},{"text":"but","start":7272.39,"end":7272.63},{"text":"a","start":7272.63,"end":7272.71},{"text":"core","start":7272.71,"end":7273.11},{"text":"component","start":7273.11,"end":7273.79},{"text":"of","start":7273.79,"end":7273.91},{"text":"social","start":7273.91,"end":7274.31},{"text":"justice","start":7274.31,"end":7274.71},{"text":"and","start":7274.71,"end":7274.95},{"text":"eradication","start":7275.19,"end":7275.95},{"text":"of","start":7275.95,"end":7276.07},{"text":"poverty.","start":7276.07,"end":7276.71}]},{"text":"More so, ensuring equitable and sustainable access to adequate food is indispensable to people's ability to participate in, contribute to, and benefit from development and processes of development, making it essential to the realization of the right to development.","start":7277.51,"end":7292.63,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":7277.51,"end":7277.75},{"text":"so,","start":7277.75,"end":7278.15},{"text":"ensuring","start":7278.47,"end":7278.87},{"text":"equitable","start":7278.87,"end":7279.39},{"text":"and","start":7279.39,"end":7279.51},{"text":"sustainable","start":7279.51,"end":7279.99},{"text":"access","start":7279.99,"end":7280.39},{"text":"to","start":7280.39,"end":7280.55},{"text":"adequate","start":7280.55,"end":7281.03},{"text":"food","start":7281.03,"end":7281.35},{"text":"is","start":7281.35,"end":7281.59},{"text":"indispensable","start":7281.59,"end":7282.35},{"text":"to","start":7282.35,"end":7282.47},{"text":"people's","start":7282.47,"end":7282.87},{"text":"ability","start":7282.87,"end":7283.23},{"text":"to","start":7283.23,"end":7283.31},{"text":"participate","start":7283.35,"end":7284.15},{"text":"in,","start":7284.15,"end":7284.55},{"text":"contribute","start":7284.79,"end":7285.51},{"text":"to,","start":7285.51,"end":7285.59},{"text":"and","start":7285.59,"end":7285.75},{"text":"benefit","start":7285.75,"end":7286.39},{"text":"from","start":7286.63,"end":7286.95},{"text":"development","start":7286.95,"end":7287.51},{"text":"and","start":7287.51,"end":7287.67},{"text":"processes","start":7287.67,"end":7288.19},{"text":"of","start":7288.19,"end":7288.31},{"text":"development,","start":7288.31,"end":7289.03},{"text":"making","start":7289.35,"end":7289.67},{"text":"it","start":7289.67,"end":7289.79},{"text":"essential","start":7289.79,"end":7290.27},{"text":"to","start":7290.27,"end":7290.39},{"text":"the","start":7290.39,"end":7290.47},{"text":"realization","start":7290.47,"end":7291.07},{"text":"of","start":7291.07,"end":7291.15},{"text":"the","start":7291.15,"end":7291.23},{"text":"right","start":7291.23,"end":7291.79},{"text":"to","start":7291.79,"end":7291.91},{"text":"development.","start":7291.91,"end":7292.63}]},{"text":"As the Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights explains, realizing the right to food requires that state parties respect, protect, and fulfill This right eliminates discrimination in access and ensures the minimum essential food necessary for freedom from hunger.","start":7293.27,"end":7308.91,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7293.27,"end":7293.39},{"text":"the","start":7293.39,"end":7293.51},{"text":"Committee","start":7293.51,"end":7293.87},{"text":"on","start":7293.87,"end":7293.99},{"text":"Economic,","start":7293.99,"end":7294.35},{"text":"Social,","start":7294.35,"end":7294.59},{"text":"and","start":7294.59,"end":7294.71},{"text":"Cultural","start":7294.71,"end":7295.07},{"text":"Rights","start":7295.07,"end":7295.27},{"text":"explains,","start":7295.27,"end":7296.07},{"text":"realizing","start":7296.31,"end":7296.91},{"text":"the","start":7296.91,"end":7297.03},{"text":"right","start":7297.03,"end":7297.39},{"text":"to","start":7297.39,"end":7297.47},{"text":"food","start":7297.47,"end":7297.75},{"text":"requires","start":7297.75,"end":7298.15},{"text":"that","start":7298.15,"end":7298.31},{"text":"state","start":7298.31,"end":7298.55},{"text":"parties","start":7298.55,"end":7299.07},{"text":"respect,","start":7299.07,"end":7299.59},{"text":"protect,","start":7299.59,"end":7300.07},{"text":"and","start":7300.07,"end":7300.23},{"text":"fulfill","start":7300.23,"end":7301.03},{"text":"This","start":7301.71,"end":7301.95},{"text":"right","start":7301.95,"end":7302.43},{"text":"eliminates","start":7302.51,"end":7303.07},{"text":"discrimination","start":7303.07,"end":7303.83},{"text":"in","start":7303.83,"end":7304.03},{"text":"access","start":7304.03,"end":7304.75},{"text":"and","start":7305.03,"end":7305.15},{"text":"ensures","start":7305.15,"end":7305.55},{"text":"the","start":7305.55,"end":7305.63},{"text":"minimum","start":7305.63,"end":7306.03},{"text":"essential","start":7306.03,"end":7306.59},{"text":"food","start":7306.59,"end":7306.99},{"text":"necessary","start":7306.99,"end":7307.55},{"text":"for","start":7307.55,"end":7307.75},{"text":"freedom","start":7307.75,"end":7308.11},{"text":"from","start":7308.11,"end":7308.31},{"text":"hunger.","start":7308.31,"end":7308.91}]},{"text":"The right to development deepens this framework through participation, equality of opportunity, the fair distribution of development benefits, and international cooperation.","start":7309.55,"end":7318.91,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7309.55,"end":7309.67},{"text":"right","start":7309.67,"end":7309.87},{"text":"to","start":7309.87,"end":7309.95},{"text":"development","start":7309.95,"end":7310.39},{"text":"deepens","start":7310.39,"end":7310.79},{"text":"this","start":7310.79,"end":7310.99},{"text":"framework","start":7310.99,"end":7311.63},{"text":"through","start":7311.95,"end":7312.11},{"text":"participation,","start":7312.11,"end":7312.99},{"text":"equality","start":7312.99,"end":7313.47},{"text":"of","start":7313.47,"end":7313.59},{"text":"opportunity,","start":7313.59,"end":7314.43},{"text":"the","start":7314.67,"end":7314.79},{"text":"fair","start":7314.79,"end":7315.07},{"text":"distribution","start":7315.07,"end":7315.95},{"text":"of","start":7316.15,"end":7316.27},{"text":"development","start":7316.27,"end":7316.75},{"text":"benefits,","start":7316.75,"end":7317.27},{"text":"and","start":7317.27,"end":7317.39},{"text":"international","start":7317.39,"end":7317.95},{"text":"cooperation.","start":7317.95,"end":7318.91}]},{"text":"It directs attention to whose needs are met, whose voices are heard and influence decisions, who remains excluded, critical questions when we deal with development.","start":7319.63,"end":7329.87,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7319.63,"end":7319.75},{"text":"directs","start":7319.75,"end":7320.19},{"text":"attention","start":7320.19,"end":7320.67},{"text":"to","start":7320.67,"end":7320.99},{"text":"whose","start":7321.23,"end":7321.63},{"text":"needs","start":7321.63,"end":7321.87},{"text":"are","start":7321.87,"end":7322.03},{"text":"met,","start":7322.03,"end":7322.59},{"text":"whose","start":7322.91,"end":7323.15},{"text":"voices","start":7323.15,"end":7323.55},{"text":"are","start":7323.55,"end":7323.71},{"text":"heard","start":7323.71,"end":7323.99},{"text":"and","start":7323.99,"end":7324.11},{"text":"influence","start":7324.11,"end":7324.55},{"text":"decisions,","start":7324.55,"end":7325.31},{"text":"who","start":7325.55,"end":7325.71},{"text":"remains","start":7325.71,"end":7326.27},{"text":"excluded,","start":7326.27,"end":7327.07},{"text":"critical","start":7327.07,"end":7327.55},{"text":"questions","start":7327.55,"end":7328.23},{"text":"when","start":7328.23,"end":7328.51},{"text":"we","start":7328.51,"end":7328.63},{"text":"deal","start":7328.63,"end":7328.83},{"text":"with","start":7328.83,"end":7328.99},{"text":"development.","start":7328.99,"end":7329.87}]},{"text":"Today's discussion will situate the right to adequate food within this broader framework.","start":7330.47,"end":7335.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today's","start":7330.47,"end":7330.75},{"text":"discussion","start":7330.75,"end":7331.19},{"text":"will","start":7331.19,"end":7331.31},{"text":"situate","start":7331.31,"end":7331.71},{"text":"the","start":7331.71,"end":7331.79},{"text":"right","start":7331.79,"end":7332.11},{"text":"to","start":7332.11,"end":7332.23},{"text":"adequate","start":7332.23,"end":7332.71},{"text":"food","start":7332.71,"end":7333.11},{"text":"within","start":7333.43,"end":7333.79},{"text":"this","start":7333.79,"end":7333.99},{"text":"broader","start":7333.99,"end":7334.35},{"text":"framework.","start":7334.35,"end":7335.11}]},{"text":"As we mark the 40th anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development, we seek to clarify the ways in which its principles of participation, equity, and international cooperation can guide efforts to realize the right to food for all.","start":7335.75,"end":7348.95,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7335.75,"end":7335.91},{"text":"we","start":7335.91,"end":7336.03},{"text":"mark","start":7336.03,"end":7336.27},{"text":"the","start":7336.27,"end":7336.39},{"text":"40th","start":7336.39,"end":7336.83},{"text":"anniversary","start":7336.83,"end":7337.47},{"text":"of","start":7337.47,"end":7337.55},{"text":"the","start":7337.55,"end":7337.63},{"text":"Declaration","start":7337.63,"end":7338.11},{"text":"on","start":7338.11,"end":7338.23},{"text":"the","start":7338.23,"end":7338.31},{"text":"Right","start":7338.31,"end":7338.51},{"text":"to","start":7338.51,"end":7338.59},{"text":"Development,","start":7338.59,"end":7339.35},{"text":"we","start":7339.67,"end":7339.83},{"text":"seek","start":7339.83,"end":7340.07},{"text":"to","start":7340.07,"end":7340.15},{"text":"clarify","start":7340.15,"end":7340.71},{"text":"the","start":7340.71,"end":7340.79},{"text":"ways","start":7340.79,"end":7341.11},{"text":"in","start":7341.11,"end":7341.27},{"text":"which","start":7341.27,"end":7341.51},{"text":"its","start":7341.51,"end":7341.67},{"text":"principles","start":7341.67,"end":7342.27},{"text":"of","start":7342.27,"end":7342.39},{"text":"participation,","start":7342.39,"end":7343.43},{"text":"equity,","start":7343.75,"end":7344.19},{"text":"and","start":7344.19,"end":7344.31},{"text":"international","start":7344.31,"end":7344.83},{"text":"cooperation","start":7344.83,"end":7345.67},{"text":"can","start":7345.91,"end":7346.15},{"text":"guide","start":7346.15,"end":7346.47},{"text":"efforts","start":7346.47,"end":7346.87},{"text":"to","start":7346.87,"end":7346.95},{"text":"realize","start":7346.95,"end":7347.43},{"text":"the","start":7347.43,"end":7347.51},{"text":"right","start":7347.51,"end":7347.87},{"text":"to","start":7347.87,"end":7347.95},{"text":"food","start":7347.95,"end":7348.23},{"text":"for","start":7348.23,"end":7348.67},{"text":"all.","start":7348.67,"end":7348.95}]},{"text":"We will examine the relationship between the right to development and the right to adequate food, and how can the right to development deepen our understanding of food security and inequalities, and vice versa.","start":7350.19,"end":7360.51,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7350.19,"end":7350.23},{"text":"will","start":7350.23,"end":7350.35},{"text":"examine","start":7350.35,"end":7350.79},{"text":"the","start":7350.79,"end":7350.87},{"text":"relationship","start":7350.87,"end":7351.43},{"text":"between","start":7351.43,"end":7351.71},{"text":"the","start":7351.71,"end":7351.79},{"text":"right","start":7351.79,"end":7352.15},{"text":"to","start":7352.15,"end":7352.23},{"text":"development","start":7352.23,"end":7352.71},{"text":"and","start":7352.71,"end":7352.87},{"text":"the","start":7352.87,"end":7352.95},{"text":"right","start":7352.95,"end":7353.11},{"text":"to","start":7353.11,"end":7353.19},{"text":"adequate","start":7353.19,"end":7353.55},{"text":"food,","start":7353.55,"end":7353.95},{"text":"and","start":7354.19,"end":7354.35},{"text":"how","start":7354.35,"end":7354.83},{"text":"can","start":7355.07,"end":7355.27},{"text":"the","start":7355.27,"end":7355.35},{"text":"right","start":7355.35,"end":7355.75},{"text":"to","start":7355.75,"end":7355.83},{"text":"development","start":7355.83,"end":7356.39},{"text":"deepen","start":7356.39,"end":7356.67},{"text":"our","start":7356.67,"end":7356.91},{"text":"understanding","start":7356.91,"end":7357.55},{"text":"of","start":7357.55,"end":7357.63},{"text":"food","start":7357.63,"end":7357.83},{"text":"security","start":7357.83,"end":7358.39},{"text":"and","start":7358.39,"end":7358.55},{"text":"inequalities,","start":7358.55,"end":7359.39},{"text":"and","start":7359.47,"end":7359.63},{"text":"vice","start":7359.63,"end":7359.95},{"text":"versa.","start":7359.95,"end":7360.51}]},{"text":"Importantly, what are the practices, measures, and strategies that are needed and effective at national, regional, and international levels to address food insecurity and ensure sustainable and equitable access to food for all while advancing the right to development?","start":7360.91,"end":7376.35,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Importantly,","start":7360.91,"end":7361.79},{"text":"what","start":7361.95,"end":7362.27},{"text":"are","start":7362.27,"end":7362.35},{"text":"the","start":7362.35,"end":7362.47},{"text":"practices,","start":7362.47,"end":7363.23},{"text":"measures,","start":7363.23,"end":7363.63},{"text":"and","start":7363.63,"end":7363.79},{"text":"strategies","start":7363.79,"end":7364.39},{"text":"that","start":7364.39,"end":7364.59},{"text":"are","start":7364.59,"end":7364.67},{"text":"needed","start":7364.67,"end":7365.15},{"text":"and","start":7365.15,"end":7365.27},{"text":"effective","start":7365.27,"end":7366.03},{"text":"at","start":7366.27,"end":7366.51},{"text":"national,","start":7366.51,"end":7366.91},{"text":"regional,","start":7366.91,"end":7367.35},{"text":"and","start":7367.35,"end":7367.47},{"text":"international","start":7367.47,"end":7368.15},{"text":"levels","start":7368.15,"end":7368.83},{"text":"to","start":7369.15,"end":7369.31},{"text":"address","start":7369.31,"end":7369.71},{"text":"food","start":7369.71,"end":7369.87},{"text":"insecurity","start":7369.87,"end":7370.63},{"text":"and","start":7370.63,"end":7370.75},{"text":"ensure","start":7370.75,"end":7371.23},{"text":"sustainable","start":7371.23,"end":7371.87},{"text":"and","start":7371.87,"end":7372.03},{"text":"equitable","start":7372.03,"end":7372.51},{"text":"access","start":7372.51,"end":7372.91},{"text":"to","start":7372.91,"end":7373.03},{"text":"food","start":7373.03,"end":7373.31},{"text":"for","start":7373.31,"end":7373.67},{"text":"all","start":7373.67,"end":7373.95},{"text":"while","start":7374.11,"end":7374.39},{"text":"advancing","start":7374.39,"end":7374.99},{"text":"the","start":7374.99,"end":7375.07},{"text":"right","start":7375.07,"end":7375.35},{"text":"to","start":7375.35,"end":7375.47},{"text":"development?","start":7375.47,"end":7376.35}]},{"text":"So we expect this session to clarify the normative relationship between the right to food and right to development, reflect on how contemporary crisis and structural obstacles deepen food insecurity and inequality, and identify concrete measures to be taken by different stakeholders to strengthen food security, enhance accountability mechanism, and cooperation.","start":7377.07,"end":7395.87,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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exchange may also inform a possible future thematic study on an adequate standard of living and the right to 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format of the discussion today is as follows.","start":7405.03,"end":7407.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7405.03,"end":7405.11},{"text":"format","start":7405.11,"end":7405.55},{"text":"of","start":7405.55,"end":7405.67},{"text":"the","start":7405.67,"end":7405.83},{"text":"discussion","start":7405.83,"end":7406.47},{"text":"today","start":7406.47,"end":7406.87},{"text":"is","start":7406.87,"end":7407.03},{"text":"as","start":7407.03,"end":7407.11},{"text":"follows.","start":7407.19,"end":7407.91}]},{"text":"We will first hear from our panelists, whom I kindly invite to offer their remarks within the allotted seven 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will then open the floor for interventions and questions from delegates and participants, with a kind request to limit your intervention to three minutes before returning to the panelists for their 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with that, I am pleased to give the floor to our first panelist.","start":7428.87,"end":7432.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":7428.87,"end":7429.07},{"text":"with","start":7429.07,"end":7429.31},{"text":"that,","start":7429.31,"end":7429.67},{"text":"I","start":7430.07,"end":7430.19},{"text":"am","start":7430.19,"end":7430.31},{"text":"pleased","start":7430.31,"end":7430.63},{"text":"to","start":7430.63,"end":7430.71},{"text":"give","start":7430.71,"end":7430.91},{"text":"the","start":7430.91,"end":7431.03},{"text":"floor","start":7431.03,"end":7431.35},{"text":"to","start":7431.35,"end":7431.47},{"text":"our","start":7431.47,"end":7431.83},{"text":"first","start":7431.83,"end":7432.23},{"text":"panelist.","start":7432.23,"end":7432.95}]},{"text":"So I turn now to His Excellency, Mr. João António Mira Gomes.","start":7433.67,"end":7439.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":7433.67,"end":7433.83},{"text":"I","start":7433.83,"end":7433.91},{"text":"turn","start":7433.91,"end":7434.27},{"text":"now","start":7434.27,"end":7434.47},{"text":"to","start":7434.47,"end":7434.87},{"text":"His","start":7435.19,"end":7435.51},{"text":"Excellency,","start":7435.83,"end":7436.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":7436.47,"end":7437.11},{"text":"João","start":7437.67,"end":7437.95},{"text":"António","start":7437.95,"end":7438.47},{"text":"Mira","start":7438.47,"end":7438.79},{"text":"Gomes.","start":7438.79,"end":7439.43}]},{"text":"Your Excellency, Portugal has been the lead of the Omnibus Human Rights Council resolution on the question on the realization in all countries of economic, social, and cultural rights.","start":7440.23,"end":7450.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":7440.23,"end":7440.47},{"text":"Excellency,","start":7440.47,"end":7441.27},{"text":"Portugal","start":7441.83,"end":7442.47},{"text":"has","start":7442.47,"end":7442.79},{"text":"been","start":7442.79,"end":7443.03},{"text":"the","start":7443.03,"end":7443.15},{"text":"lead","start":7443.15,"end":7443.59},{"text":"of","start":7443.59,"end":7443.75},{"text":"the","start":7443.75,"end":7443.87},{"text":"Omnibus","start":7443.91,"end":7444.47},{"text":"Human","start":7444.47,"end":7444.79},{"text":"Rights","start":7444.79,"end":7445.03},{"text":"Council","start":7445.03,"end":7445.43},{"text":"resolution","start":7445.43,"end":7446.07},{"text":"on","start":7446.07,"end":7446.23},{"text":"the","start":7446.23,"end":7446.31},{"text":"question","start":7446.31,"end":7446.83},{"text":"on","start":7446.83,"end":7446.91},{"text":"the","start":7446.91,"end":7446.99},{"text":"realization","start":7446.99,"end":7447.67},{"text":"in","start":7447.67,"end":7447.83},{"text":"all","start":7447.83,"end":7448.07},{"text":"countries","start":7448.07,"end":7448.55},{"text":"of","start":7448.55,"end":7448.79},{"text":"economic,","start":7448.83,"end":7449.27},{"text":"social,","start":7449.27,"end":7449.55},{"text":"and","start":7449.55,"end":7449.67},{"text":"cultural","start":7449.67,"end":7450.15},{"text":"rights.","start":7450.15,"end":7450.63}]},{"text":"Please share with us from Portugal's experience in guaranteeing the right to food and its impact on the realization of the right to 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of course, my first thanks is to the Expert Mechanism for convening this important discussion.","start":7475.03,"end":7482.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7475.03,"end":7475.19},{"text":"of","start":7475.19,"end":7475.27},{"text":"course,","start":7475.27,"end":7475.67},{"text":"my","start":7475.83,"end":7476.23},{"text":"first","start":7476.23,"end":7476.79},{"text":"thanks","start":7476.87,"end":7477.27},{"text":"is","start":7477.27,"end":7477.43},{"text":"to","start":7477.43,"end":7477.55},{"text":"the","start":7477.55,"end":7477.83},{"text":"Expert","start":7477.91,"end":7478.39},{"text":"Mechanism","start":7478.39,"end":7479.03},{"text":"for","start":7479.03,"end":7479.19},{"text":"convening","start":7479.19,"end":7479.71},{"text":"this","start":7479.71,"end":7479.91},{"text":"important","start":7479.91,"end":7480.63},{"text":"discussion.","start":7481.35,"end":7482.07}]},{"text":"As we commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development, it's a time to reflect on how its promise translates into people's daily lives.","start":7483.43,"end":7496.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7483.43,"end":7483.75},{"text":"we","start":7483.75,"end":7483.99},{"text":"commemorate","start":7483.99,"end":7484.71},{"text":"the","start":7484.71,"end":7484.79},{"text":"40th","start":7484.79,"end":7485.27},{"text":"anniversary","start":7485.27,"end":7486.23},{"text":"of","start":7486.23,"end":7486.39},{"text":"the","start":7486.39,"end":7486.51},{"text":"Declaration","start":7486.51,"end":7487.07},{"text":"on","start":7487.07,"end":7487.15},{"text":"the","start":7487.15,"end":7487.23},{"text":"Right","start":7487.23,"end":7487.47},{"text":"to","start":7487.47,"end":7487.55},{"text":"Development,","start":7487.55,"end":7488.39},{"text":"it's","start":7489.51,"end":7489.79},{"text":"a","start":7489.79,"end":7489.83},{"text":"time","start":7489.83,"end":7490.23},{"text":"to","start":7490.23,"end":7490.35},{"text":"reflect","start":7490.35,"end":7491.11},{"text":"on","start":7491.87,"end":7491.95},{"text":"how","start":7491.95,"end":7492.51},{"text":"its","start":7492.83,"end":7493.15},{"text":"promise","start":7493.15,"end":7493.71},{"text":"translates","start":7493.79,"end":7494.91},{"text":"into","start":7494.91,"end":7495.23},{"text":"people's","start":7495.23,"end":7495.95},{"text":"daily","start":7496.11,"end":7496.35},{"text":"lives.","start":7496.35,"end":7496.91}]},{"text":"The realization of the right to an adequate standard of living, including the right to food, is a fundamental part of that promise.","start":7498.27,"end":7505.79,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7498.27,"end":7498.43},{"text":"realization","start":7498.43,"end":7499.11},{"text":"of","start":7499.11,"end":7499.19},{"text":"the","start":7499.19,"end":7499.27},{"text":"right","start":7499.27,"end":7499.55},{"text":"to","start":7499.63,"end":7499.91},{"text":"an","start":7499.91,"end":7499.99},{"text":"adequate","start":7499.99,"end":7500.75},{"text":"standard","start":7500.75,"end":7501.15},{"text":"of","start":7501.15,"end":7501.23},{"text":"living,","start":7501.23,"end":7501.63},{"text":"including","start":7501.63,"end":7502.07},{"text":"the","start":7502.07,"end":7502.15},{"text":"right","start":7502.15,"end":7502.47},{"text":"to","start":7502.47,"end":7502.55},{"text":"food,","start":7502.55,"end":7502.91},{"text":"is","start":7502.91,"end":7503.03},{"text":"a","start":7503.03,"end":7503.07},{"text":"fundamental","start":7503.07,"end":7503.95},{"text":"part","start":7504.35,"end":7504.83},{"text":"of","start":7504.91,"end":7505.07},{"text":"that","start":7505.07,"end":7505.23},{"text":"promise.","start":7505.23,"end":7505.79}]},{"text":"While global hunger may have declined for a third consecutive year, almost 650 million people still live with chronic hunger.","start":7506.87,"end":7517.31,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":7506.87,"end":7507.23},{"text":"global","start":7507.23,"end":7507.71},{"text":"hunger","start":7507.71,"end":7508.27},{"text":"may","start":7508.43,"end":7509.03},{"text":"have","start":7509.03,"end":7509.31},{"text":"declined","start":7509.31,"end":7509.95},{"text":"for","start":7509.95,"end":7510.19},{"text":"a","start":7510.19,"end":7510.27},{"text":"third","start":7510.27,"end":7510.75},{"text":"consecutive","start":7510.75,"end":7511.47},{"text":"year,","start":7511.47,"end":7511.95},{"text":"almost","start":7512.67,"end":7513.79},{"text":"650","start":7513.79,"end":7514.35},{"text":"million","start":7514.35,"end":7514.75},{"text":"people","start":7514.75,"end":7515.31},{"text":"still","start":7515.31,"end":7515.67},{"text":"live","start":7515.67,"end":7515.95},{"text":"with","start":7516.11,"end":7516.31},{"text":"chronic","start":7516.31,"end":7516.83},{"text":"hunger.","start":7516.83,"end":7517.31}]},{"text":"Climate change, armed conflicts, and inequalities worsen this reality.","start":7518.03,"end":7522.87,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Climate","start":7518.03,"end":7518.47},{"text":"change,","start":7518.47,"end":7518.91},{"text":"armed","start":7518.91,"end":7519.07},{"text":"conflicts,","start":7519.07,"end":7519.63},{"text":"and","start":7519.63,"end":7519.83},{"text":"inequalities","start":7519.95,"end":7520.91},{"text":"worsen","start":7521.35,"end":7521.83},{"text":"this","start":7521.91,"end":7522.15},{"text":"reality.","start":7522.15,"end":7522.87}]},{"text":"Like our moderator just said, the right to adequate food cannot be addressed in isolation.","start":7523.91,"end":7530.71,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7531.43,"end":7531.67},{"text":"must","start":7531.67,"end":7531.91},{"text":"be","start":7531.91,"end":7531.99},{"text":"part","start":7531.99,"end":7532.31},{"text":"of","start":7532.31,"end":7532.51},{"text":"a","start":7532.51,"end":7532.55},{"text":"broader","start":7532.55,"end":7533.03},{"text":"effort","start":7533.03,"end":7533.71},{"text":"to","start":7533.71,"end":7533.83},{"text":"eradicate","start":7533.83,"end":7534.47},{"text":"poverty,","start":7534.47,"end":7535.03},{"text":"reduce","start":7535.03,"end":7535.43},{"text":"inequalities,","start":7535.43,"end":7536.31},{"text":"prevent","start":7536.71,"end":7537.31},{"text":"and","start":7537.31,"end":7537.43},{"text":"resolve","start":7537.43,"end":7537.83},{"text":"conflicts,","start":7537.83,"end":7538.63},{"text":"build","start":7539.11,"end":7539.59},{"text":"climate","start":7539.91,"end":7540.39},{"text":"resilience,","start":7540.39,"end":7541.15},{"text":"and","start":7541.15,"end":7541.35},{"text":"strengthen","start":7541.35,"end":7541.99},{"text":"social","start":7542.07,"end":7542.51},{"text":"protection.","start":7542.51,"end":7543.27}]},{"text":"Portugal is convinced that food security is an essential condition for peace, human dignity, and sustainable development.","start":7544.55,"end":7552.35,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":7544.55,"end":7544.95},{"text":"is","start":7544.95,"end":7545.07},{"text":"convinced","start":7545.07,"end":7545.83},{"text":"that","start":7545.91,"end":7546.23},{"text":"food","start":7546.23,"end":7546.47},{"text":"security","start":7546.47,"end":7546.99},{"text":"is","start":7546.99,"end":7547.15},{"text":"an","start":7547.15,"end":7547.23},{"text":"essential","start":7547.23,"end":7547.67},{"text":"condition","start":7547.67,"end":7548.15},{"text":"for","start":7548.15,"end":7548.31},{"text":"peace,","start":7548.31,"end":7548.79},{"text":"human","start":7549.27,"end":7549.59},{"text":"dignity,","start":7549.59,"end":7550.31},{"text":"and","start":7550.83,"end":7550.91},{"text":"sustainable","start":7550.91,"end":7551.55},{"text":"development.","start":7551.55,"end":7552.35}]},{"text":"As such, we reaffirm the centrality of the human right to adequate food for the realization of the right to development.","start":7553.47,"end":7562.75,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7553.47,"end":7553.55},{"text":"such,","start":7553.55,"end":7554.03},{"text":"we","start":7554.11,"end":7554.35},{"text":"reaffirm","start":7554.35,"end":7554.87},{"text":"the","start":7554.87,"end":7554.99},{"text":"centrality","start":7554.99,"end":7555.71},{"text":"of","start":7555.71,"end":7555.79},{"text":"the","start":7555.79,"end":7555.87},{"text":"human","start":7555.87,"end":7556.19},{"text":"right","start":7556.19,"end":7557.07},{"text":"to","start":7557.31,"end":7557.43},{"text":"adequate","start":7557.87,"end":7558.35},{"text":"food","start":7558.35,"end":7558.75},{"text":"for","start":7559.07,"end":7559.31},{"text":"the","start":7559.31,"end":7559.39},{"text":"realization","start":7559.39,"end":7560.27},{"text":"of","start":7560.59,"end":7560.75},{"text":"the","start":7560.75,"end":7560.91},{"text":"right","start":7560.91,"end":7561.47},{"text":"to","start":7561.87,"end":7561.99},{"text":"development.","start":7562.03,"end":7562.75}]},{"text":"And allow me to share some reflections with you on this topic.","start":7563.47,"end":7566.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7563.47,"end":7563.67},{"text":"allow","start":7563.67,"end":7563.83},{"text":"me","start":7563.83,"end":7564.19},{"text":"to","start":7564.19,"end":7564.35},{"text":"share","start":7564.35,"end":7564.67},{"text":"some","start":7564.67,"end":7564.91},{"text":"reflections","start":7564.91,"end":7565.55},{"text":"with","start":7565.55,"end":7565.75},{"text":"you","start":7565.75,"end":7566.03},{"text":"on","start":7566.19,"end":7566.35},{"text":"this","start":7566.35,"end":7566.59},{"text":"topic.","start":7566.59,"end":7566.99}]},{"text":"First, hunger and poverty reinforce one another.","start":7568.03,"end":7573.39,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7568.03,"end":7568.67},{"text":"hunger","start":7568.83,"end":7569.55},{"text":"and","start":7570.03,"end":7570.23},{"text":"poverty","start":7570.23,"end":7570.99},{"text":"reinforce","start":7571.63,"end":7572.59},{"text":"one","start":7572.75,"end":7572.95},{"text":"another.","start":7572.95,"end":7573.39}]},{"text":"Deepening inequalities and limiting individuals' ability to participate in, contribute to, and enjoy the right to development.","start":7574.75,"end":7582.47,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Deepening","start":7574.75,"end":7575.11},{"text":"inequalities","start":7575.11,"end":7576.31},{"text":"and","start":7576.31,"end":7576.47},{"text":"limiting","start":7576.47,"end":7576.95},{"text":"individuals'","start":7576.95,"end":7577.51},{"text":"ability","start":7577.51,"end":7577.99},{"text":"to","start":7577.99,"end":7578.11},{"text":"participate","start":7578.11,"end":7578.95},{"text":"in,","start":7578.95,"end":7579.27},{"text":"contribute","start":7579.51,"end":7580.35},{"text":"to,","start":7580.35,"end":7580.47},{"text":"and","start":7580.63,"end":7580.75},{"text":"enjoy","start":7580.75,"end":7581.27},{"text":"the","start":7581.27,"end":7581.39},{"text":"right","start":7581.39,"end":7581.63},{"text":"to","start":7581.63,"end":7581.71},{"text":"development.","start":7581.75,"end":7582.47}]},{"text":"And therefore, the international community must go beyond increasing food production.","start":7582.87,"end":7587.75,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7582.87,"end":7583.07},{"text":"therefore,","start":7583.07,"end":7583.67},{"text":"the","start":7584.15,"end":7584.35},{"text":"international","start":7584.35,"end":7584.91},{"text":"community","start":7584.91,"end":7585.35},{"text":"must","start":7585.35,"end":7585.67},{"text":"go","start":7585.67,"end":7585.83},{"text":"beyond","start":7585.83,"end":7586.15},{"text":"increasing","start":7586.15,"end":7586.79},{"text":"food","start":7586.79,"end":7587.03},{"text":"production.","start":7587.03,"end":7587.75}]},{"text":"It's not the only option.","start":7588.23,"end":7590.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":7588.23,"end":7588.55},{"text":"not","start":7588.55,"end":7588.95},{"text":"the","start":7589.43,"end":7589.63},{"text":"only","start":7589.67,"end":7589.99},{"text":"option.","start":7590.07,"end":7590.63}]},{"text":"It should also address the structural drivers of food insecurity, namely inequalities, social tensions, conflict, climate change, and fragile supply chains.","start":7591.43,"end":7602.79,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Starvation","start":7654.47,"end":7655.11},{"text":"of","start":7655.11,"end":7655.19},{"text":"civilians","start":7655.19,"end":7655.83},{"text":"must","start":7655.83,"end":7656.15},{"text":"never,","start":7656.23,"end":7656.87},{"text":"never","start":7657.19,"end":7657.67},{"text":"be","start":7657.67,"end":7657.83},{"text":"used","start":7657.83,"end":7658.31},{"text":"as","start":7658.55,"end":7658.75},{"text":"a","start":7658.75,"end":7658.79},{"text":"method","start":7658.79,"end":7659.35},{"text":"of","start":7659.35,"end":7659.59},{"text":"warfare.","start":7659.59,"end":7660.31}]},{"text":"Food systems must be protected and rapid, safe and unimpeded humanitarian access must be ensured.","start":7661.39,"end":7668.43,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. 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They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7669.63,"end":7670.03},{"text":"international","start":7670.35,"end":7670.87},{"text":"cooperation","start":7670.87,"end":7671.39},{"text":"is","start":7671.39,"end":7671.47},{"text":"essential","start":7671.47,"end":7672.19},{"text":"to","start":7672.27,"end":7672.39},{"text":"strengthen","start":7672.39,"end":7673.07},{"text":"resilience.","start":7673.55,"end":7674.43}]},{"text":"And I think that's what we are here for.","start":7675.27,"end":7677.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7675.27,"end":7675.51},{"text":"I","start":7675.55,"end":7675.87},{"text":"think","start":7675.87,"end":7676.07},{"text":"that's","start":7676.07,"end":7676.35},{"text":"what","start":7676.35,"end":7676.59},{"text":"we","start":7676.59,"end":7676.75},{"text":"are","start":7676.75,"end":7676.83},{"text":"here","start":7676.83,"end":7677.11},{"text":"for.","start":7677.11,"end":7677.55}]},{"text":"In this regard, Portugal reaffirms its support to the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Food Programme, as well as to the Global Alliance against Hunger and Poverty.","start":7678.59,"end":7688.27,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7678.59,"end":7678.67},{"text":"this","start":7678.67,"end":7678.91},{"text":"regard,","start":7678.91,"end":7679.35},{"text":"Portugal","start":7679.47,"end":7679.91},{"text":"reaffirms","start":7679.91,"end":7680.47},{"text":"its","start":7680.47,"end":7680.63},{"text":"support","start":7680.63,"end":7680.99},{"text":"to","start":7680.99,"end":7681.07},{"text":"the","start":7681.07,"end":7681.23},{"text":"Food","start":7681.23,"end":7681.47},{"text":"and","start":7681.47,"end":7681.63},{"text":"Agriculture","start":7681.99,"end":7682.47},{"text":"Organization","start":7682.47,"end":7683.23},{"text":"and","start":7683.23,"end":7683.35},{"text":"the","start":7683.35,"end":7683.47},{"text":"World","start":7683.47,"end":7683.75},{"text":"Food","start":7683.75,"end":7684.03},{"text":"Programme,","start":7684.03,"end":7684.51},{"text":"as","start":7685.15,"end":7685.31},{"text":"well","start":7685.31,"end":7685.55},{"text":"as","start":7685.55,"end":7685.71},{"text":"to","start":7685.71,"end":7685.79},{"text":"the","start":7685.79,"end":7685.91},{"text":"Global","start":7685.91,"end":7686.27},{"text":"Alliance","start":7686.27,"end":7686.67},{"text":"against","start":7686.67,"end":7687.11},{"text":"Hunger","start":7687.11,"end":7687.51},{"text":"and","start":7687.51,"end":7687.63},{"text":"Poverty.","start":7687.63,"end":7688.27}]},{"text":"Additionally, in recent years, Portugal's official development assistance has followed an overall upward trend.","start":7688.83,"end":7696.59,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Additionally,","start":7688.83,"end":7689.55},{"text":"in","start":7689.55,"end":7689.71},{"text":"recent","start":7689.71,"end":7690.15},{"text":"years,","start":7690.15,"end":7690.59},{"text":"Portugal's","start":7691.27,"end":7691.71},{"text":"official","start":7691.71,"end":7691.99},{"text":"development","start":7691.99,"end":7692.47},{"text":"assistance","start":7692.47,"end":7693.15},{"text":"has","start":7693.55,"end":7693.79},{"text":"followed","start":7693.79,"end":7694.35},{"text":"an","start":7694.55,"end":7694.67},{"text":"overall","start":7694.67,"end":7695.31},{"text":"upward","start":7695.59,"end":7695.99},{"text":"trend.","start":7695.99,"end":7696.59}]},{"text":"At national level, Portugal has pursued an integrated approach to food security and nutrition through its National Strategy for Food and Nutrition Security, focusing on policy coordination, vulnerable groups, healthy diets, and sustainable food systems.","start":7697.55,"end":7713.95,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":7697.55,"end":7697.71},{"text":"national","start":7697.71,"end":7698.15},{"text":"level,","start":7698.15,"end":7698.59},{"text":"Portugal","start":7699.39,"end":7699.83},{"text":"has","start":7699.83,"end":7699.95},{"text":"pursued","start":7699.95,"end":7700.39},{"text":"an","start":7700.39,"end":7700.51},{"text":"integrated","start":7700.51,"end":7701.07},{"text":"approach","start":7701.07,"end":7701.47},{"text":"to","start":7701.47,"end":7701.55},{"text":"food","start":7701.55,"end":7701.79},{"text":"security","start":7701.79,"end":7702.23},{"text":"and","start":7702.23,"end":7702.63},{"text":"nutrition","start":7702.63,"end":7703.15},{"text":"through","start":7703.55,"end":7703.79},{"text":"its","start":7703.79,"end":7703.95},{"text":"National","start":7703.95,"end":7704.35},{"text":"Strategy","start":7704.35,"end":7704.83},{"text":"for","start":7704.83,"end":7704.99},{"text":"Food","start":7704.99,"end":7705.39},{"text":"and","start":7705.39,"end":7705.79},{"text":"Nutrition","start":7705.95,"end":7706.51},{"text":"Security,","start":7706.51,"end":7707.23},{"text":"focusing","start":7707.55,"end":7708.15},{"text":"on","start":7708.15,"end":7708.35},{"text":"policy","start":7708.43,"end":7708.99},{"text":"coordination,","start":7708.99,"end":7709.79},{"text":"vulnerable","start":7709.79,"end":7710.47},{"text":"groups,","start":7710.47,"end":7710.99},{"text":"healthy","start":7711.47,"end":7711.79},{"text":"diets,","start":7711.79,"end":7712.23},{"text":"and","start":7712.23,"end":7712.35},{"text":"sustainable","start":7712.35,"end":7713.07},{"text":"food","start":7713.07,"end":7713.31},{"text":"systems.","start":7713.31,"end":7713.95}]},{"text":"Recent initiatives include the preparation of a new plan for food and nutrition security.","start":7714.59,"end":7719.31,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Recent","start":7714.59,"end":7714.91},{"text":"initiatives","start":7714.91,"end":7715.63},{"text":"include","start":7715.63,"end":7715.95},{"text":"the","start":7715.95,"end":7716.03},{"text":"preparation","start":7716.03,"end":7716.63},{"text":"of","start":7716.63,"end":7716.75},{"text":"a","start":7716.83,"end":7716.87},{"text":"new","start":7716.87,"end":7717.15},{"text":"plan","start":7717.15,"end":7717.55},{"text":"for","start":7717.55,"end":7717.71},{"text":"food","start":7717.71,"end":7718.03},{"text":"and","start":7718.03,"end":7718.15},{"text":"nutrition","start":7718.15,"end":7718.67},{"text":"security.","start":7718.67,"end":7719.31}]},{"text":"a new strategy to strengthen domestic cereal production and food systems resilience, and measures to reduce food waste.","start":7720.07,"end":7729.39,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction 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and foreign policy priority for Portugal over the 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realization of economic, social and cultural rights and the right to development are mutually reinforcing.","start":7757.03,"end":7763.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7757.03,"end":7757.27},{"text":"realization","start":7757.27,"end":7757.99},{"text":"of","start":7757.99,"end":7758.11},{"text":"economic,","start":7758.11,"end":7758.63},{"text":"social","start":7758.63,"end":7758.91},{"text":"and","start":7758.91,"end":7759.03},{"text":"cultural","start":7759.03,"end":7759.39},{"text":"rights","start":7759.39,"end":7759.71},{"text":"and","start":7759.71,"end":7759.83},{"text":"the","start":7759.83,"end":7759.91},{"text":"right","start":7759.91,"end":7760.19},{"text":"to","start":7760.19,"end":7760.27},{"text":"development","start":7760.27,"end":7760.95},{"text":"are","start":7761.59,"end":7761.83},{"text":"mutually","start":7761.83,"end":7762.55},{"text":"reinforcing.","start":7762.63,"end":7763.51}]},{"text":"Portugal has consistently defended these rights, including through its long-standing leadership on the Human Rights Council’s omnibus resolution on this 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recently, just as last year, we chose financing for development as the focus of our resolution, adopted by consensus at the Human Rights Council 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upon the commitments of the Pact for the Future, this initiative affirms the importance of realizing economic, social, and cultural rights to eradicate poverty, combat discrimination, promote social justice, achieve the SDGs, and eliminate 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mobilization of development finance and the allocation of public resources in a way that aligns with States' human rights obligations is a priority, of course, in this regard.","start":7805.19,"end":7816.47,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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will mainly focus on the structural barriers which prevent the right to food, but I'll also mention a number of solutions, because I think it's important to look at the path ahead.","start":7948.55,"end":7961.99,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8229.55,"end":8229.71},{"text":"third","start":8229.71,"end":8229.95},{"text":"barrier","start":8229.95,"end":8230.35},{"text":"are","start":8230.35,"end":8230.43},{"text":"wars,","start":8230.43,"end":8231.07},{"text":"violence,","start":8231.07,"end":8231.63},{"text":"and","start":8231.63,"end":8231.95},{"text":"hunger","start":8231.95,"end":8232.35},{"text":"being","start":8232.35,"end":8232.59},{"text":"used","start":8232.59,"end":8232.87},{"text":"as","start":8232.87,"end":8232.99},{"text":"a","start":8232.99,"end":8233.07},{"text":"weapon.","start":8233.07,"end":8233.63}]},{"text":"This has already been mentioned here on the podium.","start":8233.63,"end":8235.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8233.63,"end":8233.95},{"text":"has","start":8233.95,"end":8234.15},{"text":"already","start":8234.15,"end":8234.51},{"text":"been","start":8234.51,"end":8234.67},{"text":"mentioned","start":8234.67,"end":8235.11},{"text":"here","start":8235.11,"end":8235.27},{"text":"on","start":8235.27,"end":8235.35},{"text":"the","start":8235.35,"end":8235.43},{"text":"podium.","start":8235.43,"end":8235.95}]},{"text":"I'd like in particular to highlight the fact that wars and violence, which are low intensity, affect the realization of the right to food.","start":8237.71,"end":8246.11,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. 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They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":8247.71,"end":8248.27},{"text":"we","start":8248.83,"end":8249.15},{"text":"view","start":8249.15,"end":8249.63},{"text":"food","start":8249.79,"end":8250.35},{"text":"as","start":8250.35,"end":8250.91},{"text":"being","start":8252.11,"end":8252.43},{"text":"used","start":8252.43,"end":8252.71},{"text":"as","start":8252.71,"end":8252.83},{"text":"a","start":8252.83,"end":8252.87},{"text":"weapon","start":8252.87,"end":8253.39},{"text":"through","start":8254.99,"end":8255.55},{"text":"the","start":8255.71,"end":8255.83},{"text":"blockade","start":8255.87,"end":8256.67},{"text":"of","start":8256.67,"end":8256.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8256.83,"end":8257.47},{"text":"aid","start":8257.47,"end":8257.95},{"text":"and","start":8257.95,"end":8258.23},{"text":"deliberate","start":8258.23,"end":8258.71},{"text":"tampering","start":8258.71,"end":8259.31},{"text":"of","start":8259.31,"end":8259.79},{"text":"agricultural","start":8260.43,"end":8261.19},{"text":"land,","start":8261.19,"end":8261.71},{"text":"wells,","start":8261.71,"end":8262.59},{"text":"bakeries","start":8263.55,"end":8264.03},{"text":"as","start":8264.03,"end":8264.19},{"text":"well.","start":8264.19,"end":8264.43}]},{"text":"In Gaza and Sudan, we have had famine which has been confirmed, this has been said by the rapporteur.","start":8264.43,"end":8272.19,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8264.43,"end":8264.59},{"text":"Gaza","start":8264.59,"end":8264.87},{"text":"and","start":8264.87,"end":8265.15},{"text":"Sudan,","start":8265.15,"end":8265.71},{"text":"we","start":8266.11,"end":8266.43},{"text":"have","start":8266.43,"end":8266.99},{"text":"had","start":8267.23,"end":8267.79},{"text":"famine","start":8267.87,"end":8268.27},{"text":"which","start":8268.27,"end":8268.51},{"text":"has","start":8268.51,"end":8268.75},{"text":"been","start":8268.75,"end":8269.15},{"text":"confirmed,","start":8270.19,"end":8270.83},{"text":"this","start":8270.83,"end":8270.95},{"text":"has","start":8270.95,"end":8271.07},{"text":"been","start":8271.07,"end":8271.23},{"text":"said","start":8271.23,"end":8271.39},{"text":"by","start":8271.39,"end":8271.51},{"text":"the","start":8271.51,"end":8271.63},{"text":"rapporteur.","start":8271.63,"end":8272.19}]},{"text":"Just to be very brief, the Special Rapporteur on the right to food has reminded us how the World Report on Food Crises explains that over 200,000 people in a number of countries face food insecurity, which is acute in nature, in 2025.","start":8274.71,"end":8295.59,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Just","start":8274.71,"end":8274.99},{"text":"to","start":8274.99,"end":8275.07},{"text":"be","start":8275.07,"end":8275.15},{"text":"very","start":8275.15,"end":8275.39},{"text":"brief,","start":8275.39,"end":8275.83},{"text":"the","start":8275.91,"end":8276.03},{"text":"Special","start":8276.07,"end":8276.39},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":8276.39,"end":8276.79},{"text":"on","start":8276.79,"end":8276.95},{"text":"the","start":8276.95,"end":8277.03},{"text":"right","start":8277.03,"end":8277.31},{"text":"to","start":8277.31,"end":8277.43},{"text":"food","start":8277.43,"end":8278.07},{"text":"has","start":8279.51,"end":8280.07},{"text":"reminded","start":8280.07,"end":8280.71},{"text":"us","start":8280.71,"end":8281.03},{"text":"how","start":8281.35,"end":8281.67},{"text":"the","start":8281.75,"end":8281.99},{"text":"World","start":8282.31,"end":8282.71},{"text":"Report","start":8282.71,"end":8283.11},{"text":"on","start":8283.11,"end":8283.43},{"text":"Food","start":8283.43,"end":8283.67},{"text":"Crises","start":8283.67,"end":8284.55},{"text":"explains","start":8285.67,"end":8286.31},{"text":"that","start":8286.31,"end":8286.71},{"text":"over","start":8286.79,"end":8287.11},{"text":"200,000","start":8287.11,"end":8289.55},{"text":"people","start":8289.55,"end":8290.07},{"text":"in","start":8290.23,"end":8290.67},{"text":"a","start":8290.67,"end":8290.71},{"text":"number","start":8290.75,"end":8290.99},{"text":"of","start":8290.99,"end":8291.07},{"text":"countries","start":8291.07,"end":8291.59},{"text":"face","start":8291.59,"end":8291.99},{"text":"food","start":8291.99,"end":8292.39},{"text":"insecurity,","start":8292.39,"end":8293.07},{"text":"which","start":8293.07,"end":8293.27},{"text":"is","start":8293.27,"end":8293.43},{"text":"acute","start":8293.43,"end":8293.91},{"text":"in","start":8293.91,"end":8294.11},{"text":"nature,","start":8294.11,"end":8294.47},{"text":"in","start":8294.47,"end":8294.63},{"text":"2025.","start":8294.63,"end":8295.59}]},{"text":"80% of those who suffer extreme crises of hunger live in areas that are directly affected by armed conflict.","start":8296.87,"end":8303.83,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"80%","start":8296.87,"end":8296.91},{"text":"of","start":8296.95,"end":8297.11},{"text":"those","start":8297.11,"end":8297.59},{"text":"who","start":8297.99,"end":8298.15},{"text":"suffer","start":8298.15,"end":8298.55},{"text":"extreme","start":8298.55,"end":8298.95},{"text":"crises","start":8298.95,"end":8299.55},{"text":"of","start":8299.55,"end":8299.67},{"text":"hunger","start":8299.67,"end":8300.07},{"text":"live","start":8300.47,"end":8300.87},{"text":"in","start":8300.87,"end":8301.19},{"text":"areas","start":8301.19,"end":8301.55},{"text":"that","start":8301.55,"end":8301.67},{"text":"are","start":8301.67,"end":8301.75},{"text":"directly","start":8301.75,"end":8302.15},{"text":"affected","start":8302.15,"end":8302.71},{"text":"by","start":8302.71,"end":8302.87},{"text":"armed","start":8302.87,"end":8303.19},{"text":"conflict.","start":8303.19,"end":8303.83}]},{"text":"Persons living within catastrophe situations and hunger has multiplied by nine since 2026, and about Over 30% of women and children suffer from acute malnutrition, almost 10 million with acute serious malnutrition.","start":8305.43,"end":8325.39,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Persons","start":8305.43,"end":8305.99},{"text":"living","start":8306.31,"end":8306.63},{"text":"within","start":8306.63,"end":8307.27},{"text":"catastrophe","start":8307.27,"end":8307.83},{"text":"situations","start":8307.83,"end":8308.71},{"text":"and","start":8308.71,"end":8309.11},{"text":"hunger","start":8309.11,"end":8309.59},{"text":"has","start":8309.75,"end":8309.99},{"text":"multiplied","start":8309.99,"end":8310.47},{"text":"by","start":8310.47,"end":8310.71},{"text":"nine","start":8310.71,"end":8311.27},{"text":"since","start":8311.43,"end":8311.95},{"text":"2026,","start":8312.35,"end":8313.11},{"text":"and","start":8313.11,"end":8313.35},{"text":"about","start":8313.35,"end":8313.83},{"text":"Over","start":8315.47,"end":8316.47},{"text":"30%","start":8316.63,"end":8316.67},{"text":"of","start":8316.67,"end":8316.99},{"text":"women","start":8316.99,"end":8317.47},{"text":"and","start":8317.75,"end":8318.03},{"text":"children","start":8318.03,"end":8318.67},{"text":"suffer","start":8318.67,"end":8319.11},{"text":"from","start":8319.11,"end":8319.39},{"text":"acute","start":8319.39,"end":8320.03},{"text":"malnutrition,","start":8320.35,"end":8321.15},{"text":"almost","start":8321.15,"end":8321.91},{"text":"10","start":8321.91,"end":8322.27},{"text":"million","start":8322.27,"end":8322.75},{"text":"with","start":8322.99,"end":8323.31},{"text":"acute","start":8323.31,"end":8323.95},{"text":"serious","start":8324.11,"end":8324.67},{"text":"malnutrition.","start":8324.67,"end":8325.39}]},{"text":"Over 85 million people who've been displaced are refugees and live in the worst levels of food deprivation.","start":8325.63,"end":8333.47,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":8325.63,"end":8326.03},{"text":"85","start":8326.03,"end":8327.47},{"text":"million","start":8327.47,"end":8327.79},{"text":"people","start":8327.79,"end":8328.19},{"text":"who've","start":8328.19,"end":8328.39},{"text":"been","start":8328.39,"end":8328.59},{"text":"displaced","start":8328.59,"end":8329.23},{"text":"are","start":8329.23,"end":8329.43},{"text":"refugees","start":8329.43,"end":8330.19},{"text":"and","start":8330.35,"end":8330.67},{"text":"live","start":8330.67,"end":8330.91},{"text":"in","start":8330.91,"end":8331.23},{"text":"the","start":8331.39,"end":8331.55},{"text":"worst","start":8331.55,"end":8331.91},{"text":"levels","start":8331.91,"end":8332.27},{"text":"of","start":8332.27,"end":8332.39},{"text":"food","start":8332.39,"end":8332.71},{"text":"deprivation.","start":8332.71,"end":8333.47}]},{"text":"Very briefly, I'd like to mention a number of other 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practices.","start":8338.83,"end":8344.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8338.83,"end":8338.91},{"text":"won't","start":8338.91,"end":8339.19},{"text":"be","start":8339.19,"end":8339.27},{"text":"able","start":8339.27,"end":8339.43},{"text":"to","start":8339.43,"end":8339.51},{"text":"go","start":8339.51,"end":8339.71},{"text":"into","start":8339.71,"end":8340.11},{"text":"depth,","start":8340.11,"end":8340.59},{"text":"but","start":8340.99,"end":8341.31},{"text":"some","start":8341.31,"end":8341.63},{"text":"of","start":8341.63,"end":8341.79},{"text":"these","start":8341.79,"end":8342.19},{"text":"are","start":8342.19,"end":8342.35},{"text":"barriers","start":8342.35,"end":8342.83},{"text":"because","start":8342.83,"end":8343.23},{"text":"of","start":8343.23,"end":8343.31},{"text":"patriarchal","start":8343.31,"end":8343.95},{"text":"practices.","start":8343.95,"end":8344.83}]},{"text":"Women suffer structural violence, intersectional discrimination, and we need to recognize care for food that women carry out, if you will.","start":8345.87,"end":8358.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Women","start":8345.87,"end":8346.43},{"text":"suffer","start":8346.91,"end":8347.39},{"text":"structural","start":8347.39,"end":8347.87},{"text":"violence,","start":8347.87,"end":8348.67},{"text":"intersectional","start":8348.83,"end":8349.59},{"text":"discrimination,","start":8349.59,"end":8350.51},{"text":"and","start":8351.87,"end":8352.35},{"text":"we","start":8352.43,"end":8352.59},{"text":"need","start":8352.59,"end":8352.79},{"text":"to","start":8352.79,"end":8353.03},{"text":"recognize","start":8353.03,"end":8354.03},{"text":"care","start":8355.87,"end":8356.35},{"text":"for","start":8356.35,"end":8356.51},{"text":"food","start":8356.51,"end":8356.83},{"text":"that","start":8356.83,"end":8356.99},{"text":"women","start":8356.99,"end":8357.27},{"text":"carry","start":8357.27,"end":8357.55},{"text":"out,","start":8357.55,"end":8357.75},{"text":"if","start":8357.75,"end":8357.87},{"text":"you","start":8357.87,"end":8357.95},{"text":"will.","start":8357.95,"end":8358.19}]},{"text":"That is why we are suggesting that care for food be considered, redistributed, and when women so wish, be 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8367.31,"end":8367.47},{"text":"this","start":8367.47,"end":8367.71},{"text":"must","start":8367.71,"end":8367.99},{"text":"be","start":8367.99,"end":8368.19},{"text":"done","start":8368.19,"end":8368.51},{"text":"through","start":8368.51,"end":8368.83},{"text":"social","start":8368.83,"end":8369.11},{"text":"protection","start":8369.11,"end":8369.71},{"text":"systems.","start":8369.87,"end":8370.59}]},{"text":"Other, we have the destruction of the environment.","start":8371.11,"end":8373.51,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Other,","start":8371.11,"end":8371.51},{"text":"we","start":8371.51,"end":8371.67},{"text":"have","start":8371.67,"end":8371.91},{"text":"the","start":8371.91,"end":8372.07},{"text":"destruction","start":8372.15,"end":8372.71},{"text":"of","start":8372.71,"end":8372.79},{"text":"the","start":8372.79,"end":8372.91},{"text":"environment.","start":8372.91,"end":8373.51}]},{"text":"The Human Rights Council has dedicated a great deal of time to this topic, but it's quite clear that if we want to ensure the right to food in the present and for future generations, there is a need to take effective measures to combat climate change, pollution, and the loss of biodiversity.","start":8373.51,"end":8391.67,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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countries.","start":8483.95,"end":8487.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8483.95,"end":8484.27},{"text":"include","start":8484.27,"end":8484.75},{"text":"injustices","start":8484.75,"end":8485.55},{"text":"within","start":8485.55,"end":8485.95},{"text":"countries","start":8485.95,"end":8486.51},{"text":"and","start":8486.67,"end":8486.87},{"text":"amongst","start":8486.87,"end":8487.23},{"text":"countries.","start":8487.23,"end":8487.71}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":8487.71,"end":8488.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8487.71,"end":8487.95},{"text":"you","start":8487.95,"end":8488.03},{"text":"very","start":8488.03,"end":8488.19},{"text":"much.","start":8488.19,"end":8488.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"FIAN","group":null,"function":"Secretary-General","affiliation_full":"FIAN"}},{"statement_number":48,"start":8495.23,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:21:36","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much indeed, Dr. Suárez-Franco.","start":8495.23,"end":8499.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8495.23,"end":8495.39},{"text":"you","start":8495.43,"end":8495.51},{"text":"very","start":8495.51,"end":8495.87},{"text":"much","start":8497.47,"end":8497.63},{"text":"indeed,","start":8497.63,"end":8498.03},{"text":"Dr.","start":8498.11,"end":8498.43},{"text":"Suárez-Franco.","start":8498.43,"end":8499.15}]},{"text":"They're very important issues that you've raised.","start":8500.07,"end":8501.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":8500.07,"end":8500.23},{"text":"very","start":8500.23,"end":8500.43},{"text":"important","start":8500.43,"end":8500.95},{"text":"issues","start":8500.95,"end":8501.23},{"text":"that","start":8501.23,"end":8501.35},{"text":"you've","start":8501.35,"end":8501.63},{"text":"raised.","start":8501.63,"end":8501.99}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Pradeep Goel, the officer in charge of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Development, Economic, 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Goel, drawing on the thematic work of your branch that you lead, what are the obstacles that impede States' capacity to fulfill their obligations to respect, protect, and fulfill the right to food?","start":8512.31,"end":8524.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8512.31,"end":8512.71},{"text":"Goel,","start":8512.71,"end":8512.95},{"text":"drawing","start":8512.95,"end":8513.35},{"text":"on","start":8513.35,"end":8513.47},{"text":"the","start":8513.47,"end":8513.59},{"text":"thematic","start":8513.59,"end":8514.07},{"text":"work","start":8514.07,"end":8514.39},{"text":"of","start":8514.39,"end":8514.55},{"text":"your","start":8514.55,"end":8514.79},{"text":"branch","start":8514.79,"end":8515.43},{"text":"that","start":8516.47,"end":8516.71},{"text":"you","start":8516.71,"end":8516.87},{"text":"lead,","start":8516.87,"end":8517.35},{"text":"what","start":8517.59,"end":8517.91},{"text":"are","start":8517.91,"end":8517.99},{"text":"the","start":8517.99,"end":8518.11},{"text":"obstacles","start":8518.15,"end":8518.75},{"text":"that","start":8518.75,"end":8519.03},{"text":"impede","start":8519.03,"end":8519.35},{"text":"States'","start":8519.35,"end":8519.83},{"text":"capacity","start":8519.83,"end":8520.71},{"text":"to","start":8520.79,"end":8520.95},{"text":"fulfill","start":8520.95,"end":8521.35},{"text":"their","start":8521.35,"end":8521.51},{"text":"obligations","start":8521.51,"end":8522.23},{"text":"to","start":8522.23,"end":8522.31},{"text":"respect,","start":8522.31,"end":8522.79},{"text":"protect,","start":8522.79,"end":8523.19},{"text":"and","start":8523.19,"end":8523.35},{"text":"fulfill","start":8523.35,"end":8523.83},{"text":"the","start":8523.83,"end":8523.91},{"text":"right","start":8523.91,"end":8524.19},{"text":"to","start":8524.19,"end":8524.27},{"text":"food?","start":8524.31,"end":8524.79}]},{"text":"And what are the key lessons on realizing the right to food?","start":8525.35,"end":8528.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8525.35,"end":8525.55},{"text":"what","start":8525.55,"end":8525.75},{"text":"are","start":8525.75,"end":8525.87},{"text":"the","start":8525.87,"end":8525.99},{"text":"key","start":8525.99,"end":8526.31},{"text":"lessons","start":8526.31,"end":8527.11},{"text":"on","start":8527.11,"end":8527.19},{"text":"realizing","start":8527.19,"end":8527.79},{"text":"the","start":8527.79,"end":8527.87},{"text":"right","start":8527.87,"end":8528.27},{"text":"to","start":8528.27,"end":8528.35},{"text":"food?","start":8528.35,"end":8528.87}]},{"text":"Could you indicate where do accountability and international cooperation fall short?","start":8529.31,"end":8534.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Could","start":8529.31,"end":8529.39},{"text":"you","start":8529.39,"end":8529.47},{"text":"indicate","start":8529.47,"end":8529.91},{"text":"where","start":8529.91,"end":8530.43},{"text":"do","start":8530.75,"end":8530.87},{"text":"accountability","start":8530.87,"end":8531.59},{"text":"and","start":8531.59,"end":8531.71},{"text":"international","start":8531.71,"end":8532.27},{"text":"cooperation","start":8532.27,"end":8533.15},{"text":"fall","start":8533.47,"end":8533.71},{"text":"short?","start":8533.71,"end":8534.27}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":8534.51,"end":8534.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8534.51,"end":8534.75},{"text":"you.","start":8534.75,"end":8534.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":49,"start":8537.55,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:22:18","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, madam moderator, excellencies, distinguished panelists, colleagues, and friends.","start":8537.55,"end":8543.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8537.55,"end":8537.79},{"text":"you,","start":8537.79,"end":8538.03},{"text":"madam","start":8538.03,"end":8538.39},{"text":"moderator,","start":8538.39,"end":8539.07},{"text":"excellencies,","start":8539.35,"end":8540.27},{"text":"distinguished","start":8540.51,"end":8541.23},{"text":"panelists,","start":8541.47,"end":8542.31},{"text":"colleagues,","start":8542.67,"end":8543.15},{"text":"and","start":8543.15,"end":8543.31},{"text":"friends.","start":8543.31,"end":8543.71}]},{"text":"It's a pleasure to join this important discussion on access to food, food security, inequalities, and the right to development.","start":8544.59,"end":8552.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":8544.59,"end":8544.83},{"text":"a","start":8544.83,"end":8544.91},{"text":"pleasure","start":8544.91,"end":8545.23},{"text":"to","start":8545.23,"end":8545.39},{"text":"join","start":8545.39,"end":8545.63},{"text":"this","start":8545.63,"end":8545.79},{"text":"important","start":8545.79,"end":8546.39},{"text":"discussion","start":8546.39,"end":8547.07},{"text":"on","start":8547.83,"end":8548.03},{"text":"access","start":8548.03,"end":8548.35},{"text":"to","start":8548.35,"end":8548.47},{"text":"food,","start":8548.51,"end":8548.99},{"text":"food","start":8548.99,"end":8549.23},{"text":"security,","start":8549.23,"end":8550.11},{"text":"inequalities,","start":8550.19,"end":8551.23},{"text":"and","start":8551.43,"end":8551.63},{"text":"the","start":8551.63,"end":8551.71},{"text":"right","start":8551.71,"end":8551.91},{"text":"to","start":8551.91,"end":8551.99},{"text":"development.","start":8551.99,"end":8552.75}]},{"text":"Most what I wanted to say has been covered.","start":8554.35,"end":8557.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Most","start":8554.35,"end":8554.67},{"text":"what","start":8554.67,"end":8554.99},{"text":"I","start":8554.99,"end":8555.31},{"text":"wanted","start":8555.31,"end":8555.71},{"text":"to","start":8555.71,"end":8555.83},{"text":"say","start":8555.83,"end":8556.35},{"text":"has","start":8556.59,"end":8556.75},{"text":"been","start":8556.75,"end":8556.99},{"text":"covered.","start":8556.99,"end":8557.51}]},{"text":"I think there's a very, very important and fundamental questions that needs to be brainstormed.","start":8557.63,"end":8562.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8557.63,"end":8557.67},{"text":"think","start":8557.67,"end":8557.87},{"text":"there's","start":8557.87,"end":8558.15},{"text":"a","start":8558.15,"end":8558.19},{"text":"very,","start":8558.19,"end":8558.67},{"text":"very","start":8558.67,"end":8558.95},{"text":"important","start":8558.95,"end":8559.51},{"text":"and","start":8559.51,"end":8559.63},{"text":"fundamental","start":8559.63,"end":8560.27},{"text":"questions","start":8560.27,"end":8560.83},{"text":"that","start":8560.91,"end":8561.15},{"text":"needs","start":8561.15,"end":8561.63},{"text":"to","start":8561.63,"end":8561.79},{"text":"be","start":8561.79,"end":8561.95},{"text":"brainstormed.","start":8561.95,"end":8562.87}]},{"text":"Why is the crisis continues?","start":8563.39,"end":8566.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":8563.39,"end":8563.63},{"text":"is","start":8563.71,"end":8564.19},{"text":"the","start":8564.83,"end":8564.91},{"text":"crisis","start":8564.91,"end":8565.71},{"text":"continues?","start":8565.71,"end":8566.51}]},{"text":"We talked about certain examples and so on, but let me pose a question back to the colleagues here, both the panelists and the audience.","start":8566.51,"end":8576.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8566.51,"end":8566.67},{"text":"talked","start":8566.67,"end":8566.95},{"text":"about","start":8566.95,"end":8567.39},{"text":"certain","start":8567.39,"end":8567.87},{"text":"examples","start":8567.87,"end":8568.67},{"text":"and","start":8568.71,"end":8568.95},{"text":"so","start":8568.95,"end":8569.15},{"text":"on,","start":8569.15,"end":8569.31},{"text":"but","start":8569.31,"end":8569.55},{"text":"let","start":8569.55,"end":8569.71},{"text":"me","start":8569.71,"end":8570.03},{"text":"pose","start":8570.35,"end":8570.67},{"text":"a","start":8570.67,"end":8570.75},{"text":"question","start":8570.75,"end":8571.15},{"text":"back","start":8571.15,"end":8571.47},{"text":"to","start":8571.47,"end":8571.63},{"text":"the","start":8572.19,"end":8572.31},{"text":"colleagues","start":8572.35,"end":8573.03},{"text":"here,","start":8573.03,"end":8573.39},{"text":"both","start":8573.79,"end":8574.07},{"text":"the","start":8574.07,"end":8574.19},{"text":"panelists","start":8574.19,"end":8574.91},{"text":"and","start":8574.91,"end":8575.15},{"text":"the","start":8575.55,"end":8575.71},{"text":"audience.","start":8575.71,"end":8576.35}]},{"text":"Why do the problem exist?","start":8576.99,"end":8580.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":8576.99,"end":8577.23},{"text":"do","start":8577.23,"end":8577.79},{"text":"the","start":8578.91,"end":8579.07},{"text":"problem","start":8579.07,"end":8579.63},{"text":"exist?","start":8579.63,"end":8580.35}]},{"text":"The answer is not about resources, not about lack of food.","start":8581.23,"end":8588.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8581.23,"end":8581.35},{"text":"answer","start":8581.51,"end":8581.95},{"text":"is","start":8581.95,"end":8582.35},{"text":"not","start":8583.55,"end":8583.71},{"text":"about","start":8583.71,"end":8584.27},{"text":"resources,","start":8585.07,"end":8586.11},{"text":"not","start":8586.91,"end":8587.15},{"text":"about","start":8587.15,"end":8587.55},{"text":"lack","start":8587.55,"end":8587.95},{"text":"of","start":8587.95,"end":8588.03},{"text":"food.","start":8588.03,"end":8588.67}]},{"text":"There's plenty of food available in this world, plenty of resources available.","start":8589.07,"end":8594.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There's","start":8589.07,"end":8589.35},{"text":"plenty","start":8589.35,"end":8589.75},{"text":"of","start":8589.75,"end":8589.83},{"text":"food","start":8589.83,"end":8590.27},{"text":"available","start":8590.27,"end":8590.83},{"text":"in","start":8590.99,"end":8591.15},{"text":"this","start":8591.15,"end":8591.39},{"text":"world,","start":8591.39,"end":8591.79},{"text":"plenty","start":8592.79,"end":8593.11},{"text":"of","start":8593.11,"end":8593.27},{"text":"resources","start":8593.27,"end":8593.99},{"text":"available.","start":8593.99,"end":8594.55}]},{"text":"The question that we keep asking is about the numbers, like why do these numbers exist?","start":8595.71,"end":8601.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8595.71,"end":8595.79},{"text":"question","start":8595.79,"end":8596.27},{"text":"that","start":8596.27,"end":8596.59},{"text":"we","start":8596.67,"end":8596.83},{"text":"keep","start":8596.83,"end":8597.23},{"text":"asking","start":8597.23,"end":8597.87},{"text":"is","start":8598.11,"end":8598.35},{"text":"about","start":8598.35,"end":8598.67},{"text":"the","start":8598.67,"end":8598.79},{"text":"numbers,","start":8598.79,"end":8599.31},{"text":"like","start":8599.31,"end":8599.55},{"text":"why","start":8599.55,"end":8599.71},{"text":"do","start":8599.71,"end":8600.03},{"text":"these","start":8600.11,"end":8600.43},{"text":"numbers","start":8600.43,"end":8600.83},{"text":"exist?","start":8600.83,"end":8601.39}]},{"text":"Why millions of people have no access to food?","start":8601.39,"end":8604.35,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":8601.39,"end":8601.71},{"text":"millions","start":8601.79,"end":8602.47},{"text":"of","start":8602.47,"end":8602.55},{"text":"people","start":8602.55,"end":8602.95},{"text":"have","start":8602.95,"end":8603.15},{"text":"no","start":8603.15,"end":8603.39},{"text":"access","start":8603.43,"end":8603.71},{"text":"to","start":8603.71,"end":8603.87},{"text":"food?","start":8603.87,"end":8604.35}]},{"text":"And why their plates are empty every morning and every afternoon?","start":8604.79,"end":8608.67,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8604.79,"end":8605.07},{"text":"why","start":8605.55,"end":8605.71},{"text":"their","start":8605.71,"end":8605.91},{"text":"plates","start":8605.91,"end":8606.35},{"text":"are","start":8606.35,"end":8606.51},{"text":"empty","start":8606.55,"end":8606.99},{"text":"every","start":8607.07,"end":8607.31},{"text":"morning","start":8607.31,"end":8607.79},{"text":"and","start":8607.79,"end":8607.91},{"text":"every","start":8607.91,"end":8608.19},{"text":"afternoon?","start":8608.19,"end":8608.67}]},{"text":"I think this is a very, very important place to be.","start":8608.67,"end":8611.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8608.67,"end":8608.75},{"text":"think","start":8608.75,"end":8608.99},{"text":"this","start":8608.99,"end":8609.23},{"text":"is","start":8609.23,"end":8609.55},{"text":"a","start":8609.79,"end":8609.83},{"text":"very,","start":8609.83,"end":8610.19},{"text":"very","start":8610.19,"end":8610.47},{"text":"important","start":8610.47,"end":8610.99},{"text":"place","start":8610.99,"end":8611.31},{"text":"to","start":8611.31,"end":8611.43},{"text":"be.","start":8611.51,"end":8611.63}]},{"text":"From our side, the High Commissioner and the Secretary-General have said very, very clearly that it is injustice where we have plenty of resources, but millions cannot get food.","start":8612.67,"end":8626.19,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":8612.67,"end":8612.83},{"text":"our","start":8612.83,"end":8612.99},{"text":"side,","start":8612.99,"end":8613.47},{"text":"the","start":8613.71,"end":8613.91},{"text":"High","start":8613.91,"end":8614.03},{"text":"Commissioner","start":8614.03,"end":8614.91},{"text":"and","start":8615.31,"end":8615.47},{"text":"the","start":8615.47,"end":8615.55},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":8615.55,"end":8616.31},{"text":"have","start":8616.31,"end":8616.47},{"text":"said","start":8616.47,"end":8616.91},{"text":"very,","start":8616.91,"end":8617.27},{"text":"very","start":8617.27,"end":8617.55},{"text":"clearly","start":8617.55,"end":8618.11},{"text":"that","start":8618.59,"end":8618.83},{"text":"it","start":8618.83,"end":8618.99},{"text":"is","start":8618.99,"end":8619.23},{"text":"injustice","start":8619.39,"end":8620.35},{"text":"where","start":8620.35,"end":8620.59},{"text":"we","start":8620.59,"end":8620.71},{"text":"have","start":8620.71,"end":8620.91},{"text":"plenty","start":8620.91,"end":8621.35},{"text":"of","start":8621.35,"end":8621.47},{"text":"resources,","start":8621.47,"end":8622.35},{"text":"but","start":8622.83,"end":8623.07},{"text":"millions","start":8623.71,"end":8624.43},{"text":"cannot","start":8624.51,"end":8624.91},{"text":"get","start":8624.91,"end":8625.47},{"text":"food.","start":8625.63,"end":8626.19}]},{"text":"First, it's not about resources.","start":8626.75,"end":8628.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":8626.75,"end":8626.95},{"text":"it's","start":8626.95,"end":8627.55},{"text":"not","start":8627.55,"end":8627.79},{"text":"about","start":8627.79,"end":8628.11},{"text":"resources.","start":8628.11,"end":8628.91}]},{"text":"I think Annamaria touched on the important questions: Is there a will?","start":8629.31,"end":8634.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8629.31,"end":8629.35},{"text":"think","start":8629.35,"end":8629.55},{"text":"Annamaria","start":8629.55,"end":8630.03},{"text":"touched","start":8630.03,"end":8630.91},{"text":"on","start":8631.27,"end":8631.35},{"text":"the","start":8631.87,"end":8631.99},{"text":"important","start":8631.99,"end":8632.59},{"text":"questions:","start":8632.59,"end":8633.15},{"text":"Is","start":8633.31,"end":8633.47},{"text":"there","start":8633.47,"end":8633.71},{"text":"a","start":8633.71,"end":8633.75},{"text":"will?","start":8633.75,"end":8634.27}]},{"text":"Is there a political will to to make sure that people are able to eat in the morning and in the afternoon.","start":8634.99,"end":8641.47,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Is","start":8634.99,"end":8635.15},{"text":"there","start":8635.15,"end":8635.27},{"text":"a","start":8635.27,"end":8635.31},{"text":"political","start":8635.31,"end":8635.87},{"text":"will","start":8635.87,"end":8636.27},{"text":"to","start":8636.27,"end":8636.35},{"text":"to","start":8636.95,"end":8636.99},{"text":"make","start":8636.99,"end":8637.23},{"text":"sure","start":8637.23,"end":8637.47},{"text":"that","start":8637.47,"end":8637.71},{"text":"people","start":8637.79,"end":8638.35},{"text":"are","start":8638.51,"end":8638.67},{"text":"able","start":8638.67,"end":8638.91},{"text":"to","start":8638.91,"end":8639.03},{"text":"eat","start":8639.15,"end":8639.55},{"text":"in","start":8639.71,"end":8639.83},{"text":"the","start":8639.83,"end":8639.95},{"text":"morning","start":8639.95,"end":8640.43},{"text":"and","start":8640.55,"end":8640.67},{"text":"in","start":8640.67,"end":8640.83},{"text":"the","start":8640.87,"end":8640.95},{"text":"afternoon.","start":8640.99,"end":8641.47}]},{"text":"So that's the first question that I wanted to put.","start":8641.59,"end":8644.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":8641.59,"end":8641.67},{"text":"that's","start":8641.67,"end":8641.95},{"text":"the","start":8641.95,"end":8642.03},{"text":"first","start":8642.03,"end":8642.35},{"text":"question","start":8642.35,"end":8642.87},{"text":"that","start":8643.31,"end":8643.47},{"text":"I","start":8643.47,"end":8643.63},{"text":"wanted","start":8643.63,"end":8643.91},{"text":"to","start":8643.91,"end":8644.03},{"text":"put.","start":8644.03,"end":8644.35}]},{"text":"Second, inequality and exclusion from our experience are not inevitable.","start":8645.15,"end":8651.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8645.15,"end":8645.51},{"text":"inequality","start":8646.35,"end":8647.39},{"text":"and","start":8647.43,"end":8647.59},{"text":"exclusion","start":8647.59,"end":8648.27},{"text":"from","start":8648.27,"end":8648.59},{"text":"our","start":8648.59,"end":8648.71},{"text":"experience","start":8648.71,"end":8649.47},{"text":"are","start":8649.55,"end":8649.71},{"text":"not","start":8649.71,"end":8650.19},{"text":"inevitable.","start":8650.43,"end":8651.31}]},{"text":"And these are not development or human development silence.","start":8654.83,"end":8658.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8654.83,"end":8655.03},{"text":"these","start":8655.03,"end":8655.23},{"text":"are","start":8655.23,"end":8655.31},{"text":"not","start":8655.31,"end":8655.87},{"text":"development","start":8655.87,"end":8656.83},{"text":"or","start":8657.07,"end":8657.23},{"text":"human","start":8657.23,"end":8657.55},{"text":"development","start":8657.79,"end":8658.43},{"text":"silence.","start":8658.43,"end":8658.99}]},{"text":"These are real human rights silence.","start":8659.31,"end":8661.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8659.31,"end":8659.55},{"text":"are","start":8659.55,"end":8659.79},{"text":"real","start":8659.87,"end":8660.35},{"text":"human","start":8660.51,"end":8660.91},{"text":"rights","start":8660.91,"end":8661.19},{"text":"silence.","start":8661.19,"end":8661.71}]},{"text":"First thing I would say is that we must change the system and policies that leave people behind.","start":8664.07,"end":8669.83,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":8664.07,"end":8664.23},{"text":"thing","start":8664.23,"end":8664.47},{"text":"I","start":8664.47,"end":8664.55},{"text":"would","start":8664.55,"end":8664.67},{"text":"say","start":8664.67,"end":8664.87},{"text":"is","start":8664.87,"end":8665.35},{"text":"that","start":8665.35,"end":8665.59},{"text":"we","start":8665.59,"end":8665.75},{"text":"must","start":8665.75,"end":8666.19},{"text":"change","start":8666.19,"end":8666.43},{"text":"the","start":8666.43,"end":8666.55},{"text":"system","start":8666.55,"end":8667.19},{"text":"and","start":8667.19,"end":8667.35},{"text":"policies","start":8667.35,"end":8667.91},{"text":"that","start":8667.91,"end":8668.23},{"text":"leave","start":8668.23,"end":8668.79},{"text":"people","start":8668.79,"end":8669.27},{"text":"behind.","start":8669.27,"end":8669.83}]},{"text":"And the numbers that are presented are people that are left behind, and the number is not going down, it's constant or sometimes increasing.","start":8670.23,"end":8678.39,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8670.23,"end":8670.35},{"text":"the","start":8670.35,"end":8670.43},{"text":"numbers","start":8670.47,"end":8670.87},{"text":"that","start":8670.87,"end":8671.07},{"text":"are","start":8671.07,"end":8671.19},{"text":"presented","start":8671.19,"end":8671.79},{"text":"are","start":8671.91,"end":8672.03},{"text":"people","start":8672.03,"end":8672.63},{"text":"that","start":8672.71,"end":8672.87},{"text":"are","start":8672.87,"end":8673.03},{"text":"left","start":8673.03,"end":8673.43},{"text":"behind,","start":8673.43,"end":8674.03},{"text":"and","start":8674.03,"end":8674.19},{"text":"the","start":8674.19,"end":8674.31},{"text":"number","start":8674.31,"end":8674.71},{"text":"is","start":8674.71,"end":8675.03},{"text":"not","start":8675.03,"end":8675.51},{"text":"going","start":8675.51,"end":8675.75},{"text":"down,","start":8675.75,"end":8675.99},{"text":"it's","start":8675.99,"end":8676.23},{"text":"constant","start":8676.23,"end":8676.95},{"text":"or","start":8677.11,"end":8677.27},{"text":"sometimes","start":8677.27,"end":8677.83},{"text":"increasing.","start":8677.83,"end":8678.39}]},{"text":"Second, hunger is not simply about whether the food exists.","start":8680.47,"end":8685.55,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8680.47,"end":8680.87},{"text":"hunger","start":8681.75,"end":8682.23},{"text":"is","start":8682.23,"end":8682.47},{"text":"not","start":8682.47,"end":8683.11},{"text":"simply","start":8683.11,"end":8683.63},{"text":"about","start":8683.63,"end":8683.95},{"text":"whether","start":8683.95,"end":8684.23},{"text":"the","start":8684.23,"end":8684.31},{"text":"food","start":8684.51,"end":8684.79},{"text":"exists.","start":8684.79,"end":8685.55}]},{"text":"I said food exists, there are plenty of resources.","start":8685.83,"end":8688.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8685.83,"end":8685.99},{"text":"said","start":8685.99,"end":8686.31},{"text":"food","start":8686.31,"end":8686.63},{"text":"exists,","start":8686.63,"end":8687.11},{"text":"there","start":8687.11,"end":8687.23},{"text":"are","start":8687.23,"end":8687.31},{"text":"plenty","start":8687.31,"end":8687.63},{"text":"of","start":8687.63,"end":8687.75},{"text":"resources.","start":8687.75,"end":8688.47}]},{"text":"It is about who can afford.","start":8688.87,"end":8690.95,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8688.87,"end":8689.07},{"text":"is","start":8689.07,"end":8689.19},{"text":"about","start":8689.19,"end":8689.75},{"text":"who","start":8689.83,"end":8689.99},{"text":"can","start":8689.99,"end":8690.23},{"text":"afford.","start":8690.23,"end":8690.95}]},{"text":"who can buy, who have access to land, who have access to water, and who benefits from public policies, and who has the voice in decision making.","start":8691.79,"end":8702.35,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"who","start":8691.79,"end":8691.87},{"text":"can","start":8691.87,"end":8692.11},{"text":"buy,","start":8692.11,"end":8692.43},{"text":"who","start":8692.59,"end":8692.79},{"text":"have","start":8692.79,"end":8693.07},{"text":"access","start":8693.07,"end":8693.47},{"text":"to","start":8693.47,"end":8693.63},{"text":"land,","start":8693.63,"end":8694.27},{"text":"who","start":8694.43,"end":8694.51},{"text":"have","start":8694.51,"end":8694.71},{"text":"access","start":8694.71,"end":8695.07},{"text":"to","start":8695.07,"end":8695.47},{"text":"water,","start":8695.87,"end":8696.51},{"text":"and","start":8696.79,"end":8696.91},{"text":"who","start":8696.91,"end":8697.07},{"text":"benefits","start":8697.07,"end":8697.71},{"text":"from","start":8697.71,"end":8698.11},{"text":"public","start":8698.27,"end":8698.67},{"text":"policies,","start":8698.67,"end":8699.39},{"text":"and","start":8700.27,"end":8700.43},{"text":"who","start":8700.43,"end":8700.63},{"text":"has","start":8700.63,"end":8700.83},{"text":"the","start":8700.83,"end":8700.99},{"text":"voice","start":8701.03,"end":8701.39},{"text":"in","start":8701.39,"end":8701.55},{"text":"decision","start":8701.55,"end":8702.03},{"text":"making.","start":8702.03,"end":8702.35}]},{"text":"Continuous inequality of income that we see, resources and lack of social protection leave many, many people behind, and that triggers the question of access and lack of food.","start":8704.75,"end":8718.99,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Continuous","start":8704.75,"end":8705.31},{"text":"inequality","start":8705.31,"end":8706.03},{"text":"of","start":8706.03,"end":8706.19},{"text":"income","start":8706.19,"end":8706.83},{"text":"that","start":8707.31,"end":8707.47},{"text":"we","start":8707.47,"end":8707.63},{"text":"see,","start":8707.63,"end":8708.19},{"text":"resources","start":8708.51,"end":8709.47},{"text":"and","start":8709.51,"end":8709.63},{"text":"lack","start":8709.63,"end":8709.87},{"text":"of","start":8709.87,"end":8709.95},{"text":"social","start":8709.95,"end":8710.31},{"text":"protection","start":8710.31,"end":8710.91},{"text":"leave","start":8710.99,"end":8711.55},{"text":"many,","start":8711.79,"end":8712.15},{"text":"many","start":8712.15,"end":8712.43},{"text":"people","start":8712.43,"end":8712.75},{"text":"behind,","start":8712.75,"end":8713.31},{"text":"and","start":8713.59,"end":8713.75},{"text":"that","start":8713.75,"end":8714.19},{"text":"triggers","start":8714.83,"end":8715.55},{"text":"the","start":8715.71,"end":8715.83},{"text":"question","start":8715.87,"end":8716.35},{"text":"of","start":8716.35,"end":8716.51},{"text":"access","start":8717.55,"end":8718.03},{"text":"and","start":8718.07,"end":8718.23},{"text":"lack","start":8718.23,"end":8718.47},{"text":"of","start":8718.47,"end":8718.55},{"text":"food.","start":8718.55,"end":8718.99}]},{"text":"Tackling hunger, therefore, remains a tackling importance to tackle discrimination and structural inequalities that has been said.","start":8720.15,"end":8727.79,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Tackling","start":8720.15,"end":8720.51},{"text":"hunger,","start":8720.51,"end":8720.83},{"text":"therefore,","start":8720.83,"end":8721.15},{"text":"remains","start":8721.15,"end":8721.79},{"text":"a","start":8721.95,"end":8721.99},{"text":"tackling","start":8721.99,"end":8722.59},{"text":"importance","start":8722.91,"end":8723.55},{"text":"to","start":8723.55,"end":8723.71},{"text":"tackle","start":8723.71,"end":8724.11},{"text":"discrimination","start":8724.11,"end":8725.07},{"text":"and","start":8725.23,"end":8725.59},{"text":"structural","start":8725.71,"end":8726.27},{"text":"inequalities","start":8726.27,"end":8726.99},{"text":"that","start":8726.99,"end":8727.23},{"text":"has","start":8727.23,"end":8727.35},{"text":"been","start":8727.35,"end":8727.51},{"text":"said.","start":8727.51,"end":8727.79}]},{"text":"Second, food insecurity cannot be addressed in isolation.","start":8729.39,"end":8733.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8729.39,"end":8729.75},{"text":"food","start":8730.11,"end":8730.43},{"text":"insecurity","start":8730.43,"end":8731.31},{"text":"cannot","start":8731.31,"end":8731.71},{"text":"be","start":8731.71,"end":8731.87},{"text":"addressed","start":8731.87,"end":8732.31},{"text":"in","start":8732.31,"end":8732.43},{"text":"isolation.","start":8732.43,"end":8733.15}]},{"text":"Conflict, displacement, climate change, biodiversity I can name the list of things that reinforce each other.","start":8734.27,"end":8742.29,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."},{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Conflict,","start":8734.27,"end":8734.99},{"text":"displacement,","start":8734.99,"end":8736.07},{"text":"climate","start":8736.07,"end":8736.55},{"text":"change,","start":8736.55,"end":8736.87},{"text":"biodiversity","start":8736.99,"end":8737.48},{"text":"I","start":8738.17,"end":8738.25},{"text":"can","start":8738.25,"end":8738.57},{"text":"name","start":8738.81,"end":8739.21},{"text":"the","start":8739.21,"end":8739.33},{"text":"list","start":8739.33,"end":8739.61},{"text":"of","start":8739.61,"end":8739.77},{"text":"things","start":8739.77,"end":8740.17},{"text":"that","start":8740.41,"end":8740.73},{"text":"reinforce","start":8740.73,"end":8741.61},{"text":"each","start":8741.77,"end":8741.89},{"text":"other.","start":8742.01,"end":8742.29}]},{"text":"Conflict can destroy crops and markets, it cuts supplies, and it displaces communities.","start":8743.37,"end":8750.73,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Conflict","start":8743.37,"end":8743.85},{"text":"can","start":8743.85,"end":8744.01},{"text":"destroy","start":8744.01,"end":8744.49},{"text":"crops","start":8744.49,"end":8745.21},{"text":"and","start":8745.93,"end":8746.09},{"text":"markets,","start":8746.09,"end":8746.89},{"text":"it","start":8747.05,"end":8747.21},{"text":"cuts","start":8747.21,"end":8747.65},{"text":"supplies,","start":8747.65,"end":8748.41},{"text":"and","start":8749.09,"end":8749.21},{"text":"it","start":8749.21,"end":8749.37},{"text":"displaces","start":8749.37,"end":8749.93},{"text":"communities.","start":8749.93,"end":8750.73}]},{"text":"The natural disasters, drought, floods, and so on, undermine the access to food.","start":8752.01,"end":8758.17,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8752.01,"end":8752.17},{"text":"natural","start":8752.17,"end":8752.65},{"text":"disasters,","start":8752.65,"end":8753.45},{"text":"drought,","start":8753.57,"end":8754.09},{"text":"floods,","start":8754.53,"end":8755.21},{"text":"and","start":8755.53,"end":8755.69},{"text":"so","start":8755.69,"end":8755.93},{"text":"on,","start":8755.93,"end":8756.17},{"text":"undermine","start":8756.21,"end":8756.81},{"text":"the","start":8756.81,"end":8756.93},{"text":"access","start":8756.93,"end":8757.21},{"text":"to","start":8757.21,"end":8757.77},{"text":"food.","start":8757.77,"end":8758.17}]},{"text":"Emergency assistance save lives, but sustainable progress also requires conflict prevention, climate action, social protection, and long-term development policies that are rooted in human rights.","start":8759.13,"end":8772.09,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8779.85,"end":8780.17},{"text":"are","start":8780.17,"end":8780.33},{"text":"important","start":8780.41,"end":8780.93},{"text":"considerations","start":8780.93,"end":8781.73},{"text":"that","start":8781.73,"end":8782.01},{"text":"shape","start":8782.01,"end":8782.41},{"text":"who","start":8782.81,"end":8782.93},{"text":"has","start":8782.93,"end":8783.09},{"text":"access","start":8783.13,"end":8783.45},{"text":"to","start":8783.45,"end":8783.61},{"text":"food","start":8783.61,"end":8784.09},{"text":"and","start":8784.21,"end":8784.33},{"text":"who","start":8784.33,"end":8784.45},{"text":"doesn't.","start":8784.45,"end":8785.05}]},{"text":"Our work on human rights economy calls for placing people first, placing people at the center, protecting planet, and making choices that promotes the rights of the people.","start":8785.85,"end":8799.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":8785.85,"end":8786.01},{"text":"work","start":8786.01,"end":8786.29},{"text":"on","start":8786.29,"end":8786.41},{"text":"human","start":8786.41,"end":8786.65},{"text":"rights","start":8786.65,"end":8786.89},{"text":"economy","start":8786.93,"end":8787.69},{"text":"calls","start":8788.09,"end":8788.73},{"text":"for","start":8788.97,"end":8789.21},{"text":"placing","start":8789.21,"end":8789.69},{"text":"people","start":8789.85,"end":8790.49},{"text":"first,","start":8790.73,"end":8791.37},{"text":"placing","start":8791.37,"end":8791.77},{"text":"people","start":8791.77,"end":8792.17},{"text":"at","start":8792.17,"end":8792.25},{"text":"the","start":8792.25,"end":8792.37},{"text":"center,","start":8792.37,"end":8793.13},{"text":"protecting","start":8794.41,"end":8794.89},{"text":"planet,","start":8794.89,"end":8795.61},{"text":"and","start":8796.09,"end":8796.25},{"text":"making","start":8796.25,"end":8796.65},{"text":"choices","start":8796.73,"end":8797.45},{"text":"that","start":8797.45,"end":8797.77},{"text":"promotes","start":8797.77,"end":8798.33},{"text":"the","start":8798.33,"end":8798.41},{"text":"rights","start":8798.41,"end":8798.81},{"text":"of","start":8798.85,"end":8798.93},{"text":"the","start":8798.93,"end":8799.01},{"text":"people.","start":8799.01,"end":8799.45}]},{"text":"The fourth is participation and accountability.","start":8803.21,"end":8806.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8803.21,"end":8803.41},{"text":"fourth","start":8803.41,"end":8803.93},{"text":"is","start":8804.17,"end":8804.49},{"text":"participation","start":8804.57,"end":8805.41},{"text":"and","start":8805.41,"end":8805.53},{"text":"accountability.","start":8805.53,"end":8806.25}]},{"text":"I think there's been a lot of discussion around that.","start":8806.33,"end":8809.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8806.33,"end":8806.37},{"text":"think","start":8806.37,"end":8806.69},{"text":"there's","start":8806.69,"end":8806.97},{"text":"been","start":8806.97,"end":8807.17},{"text":"a","start":8807.17,"end":8807.21},{"text":"lot","start":8807.21,"end":8807.69},{"text":"of","start":8807.69,"end":8807.93},{"text":"discussion","start":8807.93,"end":8808.41},{"text":"around","start":8808.41,"end":8808.69},{"text":"that.","start":8808.69,"end":8809.13}]},{"text":"One thing that has been overlooked since the history is the role of local governments, because they influence policies through market, procurement, use of land, water management, and local services.","start":8809.61,"end":8824.81,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"One","start":8809.61,"end":8809.93},{"text":"thing","start":8809.93,"end":8810.17},{"text":"that","start":8811.21,"end":8811.45},{"text":"has","start":8811.45,"end":8811.69},{"text":"been","start":8811.69,"end":8811.93},{"text":"overlooked","start":8811.93,"end":8812.65},{"text":"since","start":8812.65,"end":8812.89},{"text":"the","start":8812.89,"end":8813.01},{"text":"history","start":8813.01,"end":8813.45},{"text":"is","start":8813.45,"end":8813.61},{"text":"the","start":8813.61,"end":8813.77},{"text":"role","start":8813.77,"end":8814.05},{"text":"of","start":8814.05,"end":8814.17},{"text":"local","start":8814.25,"end":8814.69},{"text":"governments,","start":8814.69,"end":8815.37},{"text":"because","start":8816.49,"end":8816.97},{"text":"they","start":8816.97,"end":8817.21},{"text":"influence","start":8817.21,"end":8817.77},{"text":"policies","start":8817.77,"end":8818.57},{"text":"through","start":8819.33,"end":8819.45},{"text":"market,","start":8819.45,"end":8820.17},{"text":"procurement,","start":8820.41,"end":8821.21},{"text":"use","start":8821.37,"end":8821.65},{"text":"of","start":8821.65,"end":8821.77},{"text":"land,","start":8821.77,"end":8822.33},{"text":"water","start":8822.33,"end":8822.73},{"text":"management,","start":8822.73,"end":8823.45},{"text":"and","start":8823.65,"end":8823.81},{"text":"local","start":8823.81,"end":8824.09},{"text":"services.","start":8824.09,"end":8824.81}]},{"text":"They need sufficient authorities and resource to fulfill these responsibilities.","start":8825.29,"end":8830.49,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":8825.29,"end":8825.41},{"text":"need","start":8825.45,"end":8825.85},{"text":"sufficient","start":8825.85,"end":8826.65},{"text":"authorities","start":8826.65,"end":8827.45},{"text":"and","start":8828.01,"end":8828.17},{"text":"resource","start":8828.17,"end":8828.57},{"text":"to","start":8828.57,"end":8828.73},{"text":"fulfill","start":8828.73,"end":8829.21},{"text":"these","start":8829.21,"end":8829.45},{"text":"responsibilities.","start":8829.45,"end":8830.49}]},{"text":"Madam moderator, you also asked me to respond some of the accountability questions, and I'll briefly touch upon that.","start":8832.09,"end":8839.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":8832.09,"end":8832.85},{"text":"moderator,","start":8832.85,"end":8833.33},{"text":"you","start":8833.33,"end":8833.45},{"text":"also","start":8833.45,"end":8833.73},{"text":"asked","start":8833.73,"end":8834.01},{"text":"me","start":8834.01,"end":8834.17},{"text":"to","start":8834.17,"end":8834.33},{"text":"respond","start":8834.33,"end":8835.21},{"text":"some","start":8835.21,"end":8835.45},{"text":"of","start":8835.45,"end":8835.53},{"text":"the","start":8835.53,"end":8835.65},{"text":"accountability","start":8835.69,"end":8836.41},{"text":"questions,","start":8836.41,"end":8837.05},{"text":"and","start":8837.65,"end":8837.77},{"text":"I'll","start":8837.77,"end":8837.97},{"text":"briefly","start":8837.97,"end":8838.41},{"text":"touch","start":8838.41,"end":8838.65},{"text":"upon","start":8838.69,"end":8838.97},{"text":"that.","start":8838.97,"end":8839.29}]},{"text":"Too often, commitments to promote the right to food remain in paper.","start":8840.65,"end":8845.69,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":8840.65,"end":8840.81},{"text":"often,","start":8840.81,"end":8841.45},{"text":"commitments","start":8842.01,"end":8842.73},{"text":"to","start":8842.73,"end":8842.89},{"text":"promote","start":8842.89,"end":8843.37},{"text":"the","start":8843.37,"end":8843.45},{"text":"right","start":8843.45,"end":8843.73},{"text":"to","start":8843.73,"end":8843.81},{"text":"food","start":8843.85,"end":8844.41},{"text":"remain","start":8844.57,"end":8844.97},{"text":"in","start":8844.97,"end":8845.13},{"text":"paper.","start":8845.13,"end":8845.69}]},{"text":"Many constitutions have guaranteed these rights, but they have not been translated into actionable policies, and even in the national legislation.","start":8846.73,"end":8854.73,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."},{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":8949.17,"end":8949.41},{"text":"special","start":8949.41,"end":8949.85},{"text":"procedure,","start":8949.85,"end":8950.61},{"text":"assisted","start":8950.85,"end":8951.37},{"text":"agencies","start":8951.37,"end":8951.81},{"text":"like","start":8951.81,"end":8952.13},{"text":"FAO","start":8952.13,"end":8952.61},{"text":"and","start":8953.13,"end":8953.41},{"text":"UN","start":8953.65,"end":8953.97},{"text":"partners,","start":8953.97,"end":8954.53},{"text":"we","start":8954.93,"end":8955.17},{"text":"advance","start":8955.97,"end":8956.61},{"text":"rights-based","start":8956.93,"end":8958.13},{"text":"food","start":8958.41,"end":8958.61},{"text":"governance,","start":8958.61,"end":8959.33},{"text":"land","start":8959.65,"end":8960.01},{"text":"and","start":8960.01,"end":8960.13},{"text":"resource","start":8960.13,"end":8960.49},{"text":"tenure,","start":8960.49,"end":8961.01},{"text":"and","start":8961.37,"end":8961.53},{"text":"crisis","start":8961.53,"end":8961.97},{"text":"response,","start":8961.97,"end":8962.61},{"text":"linking","start":8962.85,"end":8963.25},{"text":"practical","start":8963.25,"end":8963.73},{"text":"actions","start":8963.73,"end":8964.13},{"text":"to","start":8964.13,"end":8964.29},{"text":"legal","start":8964.45,"end":8964.77},{"text":"obligation.","start":8964.77,"end":8965.49}]},{"text":"To conclude, people should not depend on charity or good fortune to eat every day.","start":8966.21,"end":8974.29,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":8966.21,"end":8966.37},{"text":"conclude,","start":8966.37,"end":8967.17},{"text":"people","start":8968.37,"end":8968.77},{"text":"should","start":8968.77,"end":8969.01},{"text":"not","start":8969.01,"end":8969.25},{"text":"depend","start":8969.25,"end":8969.97},{"text":"on","start":8970.05,"end":8970.29},{"text":"charity","start":8970.29,"end":8971.09},{"text":"or","start":8972.29,"end":8972.45},{"text":"good","start":8972.45,"end":8972.77},{"text":"fortune","start":8972.77,"end":8973.33},{"text":"to","start":8973.33,"end":8973.45},{"text":"eat","start":8973.49,"end":8973.73},{"text":"every","start":8973.73,"end":8974.01},{"text":"day.","start":8974.01,"end":8974.29}]},{"text":"The right to food and development demand action, not promises.","start":8975.29,"end":8979.69,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8975.29,"end":8975.49},{"text":"right","start":8975.49,"end":8975.65},{"text":"to","start":8975.65,"end":8975.77},{"text":"food","start":8975.77,"end":8976.33},{"text":"and","start":8976.41,"end":8976.57},{"text":"development","start":8976.57,"end":8977.21},{"text":"demand","start":8977.29,"end":8977.85},{"text":"action,","start":8977.85,"end":8978.33},{"text":"not","start":8978.57,"end":8978.81},{"text":"promises.","start":8978.81,"end":8979.69}]},{"text":"Confronting inequalities, ensuring participation, strengthen accountability, and making international cooperation deliver.","start":8980.25,"end":8988.97,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Confronting","start":8980.25,"end":8980.77},{"text":"inequalities,","start":8980.77,"end":8981.77},{"text":"ensuring","start":8982.13,"end":8982.65},{"text":"participation,","start":8982.65,"end":8983.61},{"text":"strengthen","start":8983.77,"end":8984.25},{"text":"accountability,","start":8984.25,"end":8985.21},{"text":"and","start":8985.81,"end":8986.01},{"text":"making","start":8986.01,"end":8986.49},{"text":"international","start":8986.49,"end":8987.21},{"text":"cooperation","start":8987.21,"end":8988.17},{"text":"deliver.","start":8988.41,"end":8988.97}]},{"text":"This is how we build just, resilient, and peaceful societies.","start":8989.69,"end":8993.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8989.69,"end":8989.85},{"text":"is","start":8989.85,"end":8990.01},{"text":"how","start":8990.01,"end":8990.17},{"text":"we","start":8990.17,"end":8990.33},{"text":"build","start":8990.33,"end":8990.69},{"text":"just,","start":8990.69,"end":8991.29},{"text":"resilient,","start":8991.69,"end":8992.33},{"text":"and","start":8992.37,"end":8992.49},{"text":"peaceful","start":8992.49,"end":8992.89},{"text":"societies.","start":8992.89,"end":8993.69}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":8994.01,"end":8994.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8994.01,"end":8994.25},{"text":"you.","start":8994.25,"end":8994.37}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"OHCHR","group":null,"function":"Officer-in-Charge, Development, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Branch","affiliation_full":"OHCHR"}},{"statement_number":50,"start":9000.49,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:30:01","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Wagle, for sharing from from your work with Office of the High Commission for Human Rights, very important points.","start":9000.49,"end":9009.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9000.49,"end":9000.73},{"text":"you","start":9000.73,"end":9000.81},{"text":"very","start":9000.81,"end":9001.05},{"text":"much,","start":9001.05,"end":9001.37},{"text":"Mr.","start":9001.37,"end":9001.81},{"text":"Wagle,","start":9001.81,"end":9002.17},{"text":"for","start":9002.17,"end":9002.53},{"text":"sharing","start":9002.53,"end":9003.13},{"text":"from","start":9003.13,"end":9003.69},{"text":"from","start":9004.45,"end":9004.69},{"text":"your","start":9004.69,"end":9005.17},{"text":"work","start":9005.73,"end":9006.29},{"text":"with","start":9006.29,"end":9006.49},{"text":"Office","start":9006.49,"end":9006.77},{"text":"of","start":9006.77,"end":9006.85},{"text":"the","start":9006.85,"end":9006.93},{"text":"High","start":9006.93,"end":9007.09},{"text":"Commission","start":9007.09,"end":9007.49},{"text":"for","start":9007.49,"end":9007.65},{"text":"Human","start":9007.65,"end":9007.89},{"text":"Rights,","start":9007.89,"end":9008.17},{"text":"very","start":9008.17,"end":9008.33},{"text":"important","start":9008.33,"end":9008.81},{"text":"points.","start":9008.81,"end":9009.17}]},{"text":"And now we're going to play a video message from Dr. Usha Natarajan, senior lecturer at the University of the West Indies.","start":9009.17,"end":9017.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9009.17,"end":9009.33},{"text":"now","start":9009.33,"end":9009.65},{"text":"we're","start":9010.05,"end":9010.21},{"text":"going","start":9010.21,"end":9010.37},{"text":"to","start":9010.37,"end":9010.45},{"text":"play","start":9010.45,"end":9010.65},{"text":"a","start":9010.65,"end":9010.69},{"text":"video","start":9010.69,"end":9011.25},{"text":"message","start":9011.89,"end":9012.61},{"text":"from","start":9012.61,"end":9013.33},{"text":"Dr.","start":9013.49,"end":9013.93},{"text":"Usha","start":9013.93,"end":9014.13},{"text":"Natarajan,","start":9014.13,"end":9014.85},{"text":"senior","start":9014.85,"end":9015.09},{"text":"lecturer","start":9015.09,"end":9015.45},{"text":"at","start":9015.45,"end":9015.53},{"text":"the","start":9015.53,"end":9015.61},{"text":"University","start":9015.61,"end":9016.05},{"text":"of","start":9016.05,"end":9016.13},{"text":"the","start":9016.13,"end":9016.21},{"text":"West","start":9016.21,"end":9016.53},{"text":"Indies.","start":9016.53,"end":9017.09}]},{"text":"Dr. Natarajan will address the ways in which climate crisis affect food access and security globally and the population and regions that bear a disproportionate share of this burden.","start":9018.09,"end":9028.61,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":9035.01,"end":9035.65},{"text":"colleagues,","start":9035.65,"end":9036.33},{"text":"I","start":9036.45,"end":9036.77},{"text":"speak","start":9036.77,"end":9037.21},{"text":"to","start":9037.21,"end":9037.33},{"text":"the","start":9037.33,"end":9037.45},{"text":"issue","start":9037.45,"end":9037.77},{"text":"of","start":9037.77,"end":9037.85},{"text":"food","start":9037.85,"end":9038.13},{"text":"security","start":9038.13,"end":9038.69},{"text":"as","start":9038.69,"end":9038.89},{"text":"it","start":9038.89,"end":9039.01},{"text":"relates","start":9039.01,"end":9039.41},{"text":"to","start":9039.41,"end":9039.57},{"text":"climate.","start":9039.65,"end":9040.09}]},{"text":"Food security is the reliable availability, access, and use of nutritious food, and the world produces enough food for everyone.","start":9043.57,"end":9050.97,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":9051.89,"end":9052.13},{"text":"hunger","start":9052.13,"end":9052.45},{"text":"and","start":9052.45,"end":9052.57},{"text":"malnutrition","start":9052.57,"end":9053.21},{"text":"persist","start":9053.21,"end":9053.73},{"text":"because","start":9053.73,"end":9054.13},{"text":"food","start":9054.13,"end":9054.41},{"text":"systems","start":9054.41,"end":9054.81},{"text":"are","start":9054.81,"end":9054.89},{"text":"shaped","start":9054.89,"end":9055.25},{"text":"by","start":9055.25,"end":9055.49},{"text":"the","start":9055.49,"end":9055.69},{"text":"insatiable","start":9055.69,"end":9056.29},{"text":"greed","start":9056.29,"end":9056.65},{"text":"and","start":9056.65,"end":9056.85},{"text":"selfishness","start":9056.85,"end":9057.45},{"text":"of","start":9057.45,"end":9057.57},{"text":"the","start":9057.57,"end":9057.65},{"text":"world's","start":9057.65,"end":9058.09},{"text":"richest.","start":9058.09,"end":9058.77}]},{"text":"The same forces have produced a world of increasing inequalities of power and wealth within states and between states, weakening infrastructure and growing conflict, all of which exacerbate hunger and malnutrition.","start":9059.37,"end":9071.37,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Climate","start":9071.97,"end":9072.33},{"text":"change,","start":9072.33,"end":9072.81},{"text":"which","start":9072.81,"end":9073.13},{"text":"intensifies","start":9073.13,"end":9074.01},{"text":"each","start":9074.17,"end":9074.45},{"text":"of","start":9074.45,"end":9074.57},{"text":"these","start":9074.57,"end":9074.81},{"text":"pressures,","start":9074.81,"end":9075.37},{"text":"is","start":9075.37,"end":9075.61},{"text":"yet","start":9075.61,"end":9075.81},{"text":"another","start":9075.81,"end":9076.13},{"text":"product","start":9076.13,"end":9076.73},{"text":"of","start":9076.73,"end":9076.89},{"text":"the","start":9076.89,"end":9077.01},{"text":"world's","start":9077.01,"end":9077.41},{"text":"wealth","start":9077.41,"end":9077.69},{"text":"of","start":9077.73,"end":9077.81},{"text":"few.","start":9077.89,"end":9078.33}]},{"text":"Climate change reduces harvests, destabilizes food prices, damages livelihoods, and makes crises more frequent.","start":9079.21,"end":9086.49,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Climate","start":9079.21,"end":9079.57},{"text":"change","start":9079.57,"end":9079.89},{"text":"reduces","start":9079.89,"end":9080.41},{"text":"harvests,","start":9080.41,"end":9081.05},{"text":"destabilizes","start":9081.05,"end":9081.93},{"text":"food","start":9081.93,"end":9082.17},{"text":"prices,","start":9082.17,"end":9082.81},{"text":"damages","start":9082.81,"end":9083.37},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":9083.37,"end":9084.17},{"text":"and","start":9084.49,"end":9084.69},{"text":"makes","start":9084.69,"end":9084.97},{"text":"crises","start":9084.97,"end":9085.53},{"text":"more","start":9085.53,"end":9085.77},{"text":"frequent.","start":9085.77,"end":9086.49}]},{"text":"Because greenhouse gas emissions Ecosystems, markets, and supply chains all cross national borders.","start":9086.97,"end":9093.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":9086.97,"end":9087.45},{"text":"greenhouse","start":9087.45,"end":9087.93},{"text":"gas","start":9087.93,"end":9088.25},{"text":"emissions","start":9088.25,"end":9089.05},{"text":"Ecosystems,","start":9089.45,"end":9090.37},{"text":"markets,","start":9090.37,"end":9090.85},{"text":"and","start":9090.85,"end":9091.01},{"text":"supply","start":9091.01,"end":9091.41},{"text":"chains","start":9091.41,"end":9091.77},{"text":"all","start":9091.77,"end":9091.89},{"text":"cross","start":9091.89,"end":9092.37},{"text":"national","start":9092.65,"end":9093.01},{"text":"borders.","start":9093.01,"end":9093.65}]},{"text":"No country can protect its food security alone, and international solidarity is indispensable for stable food systems and for human survival.","start":9093.97,"end":9102.29,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":9093.97,"end":9094.17},{"text":"country","start":9094.21,"end":9094.53},{"text":"can","start":9094.53,"end":9094.69},{"text":"protect","start":9094.69,"end":9095.17},{"text":"its","start":9095.17,"end":9095.33},{"text":"food","start":9095.33,"end":9095.57},{"text":"security","start":9095.57,"end":9096.05},{"text":"alone,","start":9096.05,"end":9096.69},{"text":"and","start":9097.01,"end":9097.17},{"text":"international","start":9097.17,"end":9097.73},{"text":"solidarity","start":9097.73,"end":9098.45},{"text":"is","start":9098.45,"end":9098.69},{"text":"indispensable","start":9098.69,"end":9099.41},{"text":"for","start":9099.41,"end":9099.57},{"text":"stable","start":9099.57,"end":9100.05},{"text":"food","start":9100.05,"end":9100.29},{"text":"systems","start":9100.29,"end":9100.93},{"text":"and","start":9100.93,"end":9101.13},{"text":"for","start":9101.13,"end":9101.25},{"text":"human","start":9101.25,"end":9101.57},{"text":"survival.","start":9101.57,"end":9102.29}]},{"text":"When I say that inequality and injustice is the root of the problem, I do not exaggerate.","start":9103.53,"end":9108.85,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":9103.53,"end":9103.81},{"text":"I","start":9103.81,"end":9103.89},{"text":"say","start":9103.89,"end":9104.21},{"text":"that","start":9104.21,"end":9104.45},{"text":"inequality","start":9104.61,"end":9105.33},{"text":"and","start":9105.33,"end":9105.49},{"text":"injustice","start":9105.49,"end":9106.13},{"text":"is","start":9106.13,"end":9106.29},{"text":"the","start":9106.29,"end":9106.37},{"text":"root","start":9106.37,"end":9106.57},{"text":"of","start":9106.57,"end":9106.69},{"text":"the","start":9106.69,"end":9106.81},{"text":"problem,","start":9106.81,"end":9107.41},{"text":"I","start":9107.49,"end":9107.65},{"text":"do","start":9107.65,"end":9107.81},{"text":"not","start":9107.81,"end":9108.05},{"text":"exaggerate.","start":9108.05,"end":9108.85}]},{"text":"The richest 20% of people are responsible for 80% of all consumption of natural resources and 90% of all waste.","start":9109.17,"end":9117.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9109.17,"end":9109.29},{"text":"richest","start":9109.29,"end":9110.49},{"text":"20%","start":9110.49,"end":9110.53},{"text":"of","start":9110.53,"end":9110.61},{"text":"people","start":9110.61,"end":9111.01},{"text":"are","start":9111.01,"end":9111.13},{"text":"responsible","start":9111.13,"end":9111.81},{"text":"for","start":9111.81,"end":9111.97},{"text":"80%","start":9112.77,"end":9112.81},{"text":"of","start":9112.81,"end":9112.93},{"text":"all","start":9112.93,"end":9113.17},{"text":"consumption","start":9113.17,"end":9113.81},{"text":"of","start":9113.93,"end":9114.01},{"text":"natural","start":9114.05,"end":9114.41},{"text":"resources","start":9114.41,"end":9115.01},{"text":"and","start":9115.25,"end":9115.73},{"text":"90%","start":9116.05,"end":9116.09},{"text":"of","start":9116.13,"end":9116.29},{"text":"all","start":9116.29,"end":9116.53},{"text":"waste.","start":9116.53,"end":9117.25}]},{"text":"So tackling climate change requires that the rich change their behavior.","start":9118.73,"end":9122.29,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9118.73,"end":9118.85},{"text":"tackling","start":9118.85,"end":9119.33},{"text":"climate","start":9119.33,"end":9119.73},{"text":"change","start":9119.73,"end":9120.05},{"text":"requires","start":9120.05,"end":9120.61},{"text":"that","start":9120.61,"end":9120.77},{"text":"the","start":9120.77,"end":9120.89},{"text":"rich","start":9120.89,"end":9121.21},{"text":"change","start":9121.21,"end":9121.53},{"text":"their","start":9121.57,"end":9121.73},{"text":"behavior.","start":9121.73,"end":9122.29}]},{"text":"When it comes to global food systems, a handful of private companies dictate what farmers grow, what seeds and chemicals they use, and how food is processed and priced.","start":9123.37,"end":9133.01,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":9123.37,"end":9123.57},{"text":"it","start":9123.57,"end":9123.65},{"text":"comes","start":9123.65,"end":9123.97},{"text":"to","start":9123.97,"end":9124.13},{"text":"global","start":9124.13,"end":9124.53},{"text":"food","start":9124.53,"end":9124.81},{"text":"systems,","start":9124.81,"end":9125.49},{"text":"a","start":9125.49,"end":9125.53},{"text":"handful","start":9125.53,"end":9126.29},{"text":"of","start":9126.29,"end":9126.37},{"text":"private","start":9126.37,"end":9126.81},{"text":"companies","start":9126.81,"end":9127.33},{"text":"dictate","start":9127.33,"end":9127.85},{"text":"what","start":9127.85,"end":9128.05},{"text":"farmers","start":9128.05,"end":9128.53},{"text":"grow,","start":9128.53,"end":9129.05},{"text":"what","start":9129.05,"end":9129.33},{"text":"seeds","start":9129.33,"end":9129.57},{"text":"and","start":9129.57,"end":9129.69},{"text":"chemicals","start":9129.69,"end":9130.13},{"text":"they","start":9130.13,"end":9130.29},{"text":"use,","start":9130.29,"end":9130.77},{"text":"and","start":9131.01,"end":9131.17},{"text":"how","start":9131.17,"end":9131.33},{"text":"food","start":9131.33,"end":9131.65},{"text":"is","start":9131.65,"end":9131.73},{"text":"processed","start":9131.73,"end":9132.25},{"text":"and","start":9132.25,"end":9132.41},{"text":"priced.","start":9132.41,"end":9133.01}]},{"text":"From seeds to pesticides to fertilizers to machinery to animal pharmaceuticals, mega corporations have disproportionate decision-making power.","start":9133.73,"end":9142.29,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":9133.73,"end":9134.05},{"text":"seeds","start":9134.05,"end":9134.45},{"text":"to","start":9134.45,"end":9134.61},{"text":"pesticides","start":9134.61,"end":9135.33},{"text":"to","start":9135.33,"end":9135.49},{"text":"fertilizers","start":9135.49,"end":9136.37},{"text":"to","start":9136.37,"end":9136.49},{"text":"machinery","start":9136.49,"end":9137.17},{"text":"to","start":9137.17,"end":9137.41},{"text":"animal","start":9137.41,"end":9137.77},{"text":"pharmaceuticals,","start":9137.77,"end":9138.77},{"text":"mega","start":9139.01,"end":9139.33},{"text":"corporations","start":9139.33,"end":9140.05},{"text":"have","start":9140.05,"end":9140.29},{"text":"disproportionate","start":9140.29,"end":9141.13},{"text":"decision-making","start":9141.13,"end":9141.89},{"text":"power.","start":9141.89,"end":9142.29}]},{"text":"Climate change threatens food production through rising temperatures, shifting rainfall, droughts, floods, wildfires, and stronger storms.","start":9144.17,"end":9152.13,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Climate","start":9144.17,"end":9144.49},{"text":"change","start":9144.49,"end":9144.93},{"text":"threatens","start":9144.93,"end":9145.41},{"text":"food","start":9145.41,"end":9145.65},{"text":"production","start":9145.65,"end":9146.29},{"text":"through","start":9146.29,"end":9146.69},{"text":"rising","start":9146.69,"end":9147.09},{"text":"temperatures,","start":9147.09,"end":9147.97},{"text":"shifting","start":9147.97,"end":9148.45},{"text":"rainfall,","start":9148.45,"end":9149.01},{"text":"droughts,","start":9149.01,"end":9149.57},{"text":"floods,","start":9149.57,"end":9150.05},{"text":"wildfires,","start":9150.05,"end":9150.89},{"text":"and","start":9150.89,"end":9151.05},{"text":"stronger","start":9151.05,"end":9151.41},{"text":"storms.","start":9151.41,"end":9152.13}]},{"text":"Farmers must contend with seasons arriving late, ending early, or behaving unpredictably.","start":9152.61,"end":9157.57,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Farmers","start":9152.61,"end":9153.17},{"text":"must","start":9153.17,"end":9153.33},{"text":"contend","start":9153.33,"end":9153.77},{"text":"with","start":9153.77,"end":9153.93},{"text":"seasons","start":9153.93,"end":9154.45},{"text":"arriving","start":9154.45,"end":9154.85},{"text":"late,","start":9154.85,"end":9155.33},{"text":"ending","start":9155.33,"end":9155.73},{"text":"early,","start":9155.73,"end":9156.05},{"text":"or","start":9156.05,"end":9156.17},{"text":"behaving","start":9156.17,"end":9156.69},{"text":"unpredictably.","start":9156.69,"end":9157.57}]},{"text":"And amid this year's supercharged El Nino, we have these daily reminders of how heat reduces the yields of major crops, while water scarcity constrains irrigation and livestock.","start":9157.97,"end":9168.77,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. 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Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"Climate","start":9303.89,"end":9304.37},{"text":"resilient","start":9304.37,"end":9304.85},{"text":"agriculture","start":9304.85,"end":9305.57},{"text":"combines","start":9305.57,"end":9306.29},{"text":"locally","start":9306.29,"end":9306.77},{"text":"appropriate","start":9306.77,"end":9307.33},{"text":"seeds,","start":9307.33,"end":9307.97},{"text":"crop","start":9308.21,"end":9308.53},{"text":"diversification,","start":9308.53,"end":9309.65},{"text":"soil","start":9309.65,"end":9309.97},{"text":"restoration,","start":9309.97,"end":9310.85},{"text":"efficient","start":9311.17,"end":9311.65},{"text":"irrigation,","start":9311.65,"end":9312.53},{"text":"agroforestry,","start":9312.65,"end":9313.65},{"text":"and","start":9313.65,"end":9313.81},{"text":"improved","start":9313.81,"end":9314.45},{"text":"weather","start":9314.53,"end":9314.85},{"text":"information.","start":9314.85,"end":9315.73}]},{"text":"And better roads, better storage, better refrigeration, and local processing can reduce post-harvest losses and can strengthen rural economies.","start":9317.33,"end":9326.97,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9317.33,"end":9317.53},{"text":"better","start":9317.61,"end":9317.93},{"text":"roads,","start":9318.17,"end":9318.73},{"text":"better","start":9318.73,"end":9318.97},{"text":"storage,","start":9318.97,"end":9319.61},{"text":"better","start":9319.61,"end":9319.85},{"text":"refrigeration,","start":9319.85,"end":9320.65},{"text":"and","start":9320.65,"end":9320.81},{"text":"local","start":9320.81,"end":9321.13},{"text":"processing","start":9321.13,"end":9321.85},{"text":"can","start":9321.85,"end":9322.01},{"text":"reduce","start":9322.01,"end":9322.65},{"text":"post-harvest","start":9323.29,"end":9324.33},{"text":"losses","start":9324.33,"end":9324.89},{"text":"and","start":9324.89,"end":9325.05},{"text":"can","start":9325.05,"end":9325.29},{"text":"strengthen","start":9325.29,"end":9325.85},{"text":"rural","start":9325.85,"end":9326.25},{"text":"economies.","start":9326.25,"end":9326.97}]},{"text":"Governments can support healthy diets through school meals and targeted cash assistance and nutrition programs while discouraging waste in the supply chains.","start":9327.61,"end":9336.57,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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I would like to start with The representative from Venezuela, you have the floor.","start":9572.29,"end":9584.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9572.29,"end":9572.53},{"text":"I","start":9572.53,"end":9572.61},{"text":"would","start":9572.61,"end":9572.77},{"text":"like","start":9572.77,"end":9573.01},{"text":"to","start":9573.01,"end":9573.49},{"text":"start","start":9576.81,"end":9578.13},{"text":"with","start":9578.77,"end":9579.25},{"text":"The","start":9580.45,"end":9580.57},{"text":"representative","start":9580.57,"end":9581.25},{"text":"from","start":9581.25,"end":9581.73},{"text":"Venezuela,","start":9582.29,"end":9583.09},{"text":"you","start":9583.65,"end":9583.73},{"text":"have","start":9583.73,"end":9583.93},{"text":"the","start":9583.93,"end":9584.05},{"text":"floor.","start":9584.05,"end":9584.53}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":53,"start":9590.01,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:39:51","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Moderator.","start":9590.01,"end":9591.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9590.01,"end":9590.29},{"text":"you,","start":9590.29,"end":9590.37},{"text":"Madam","start":9590.37,"end":9590.61},{"text":"Moderator.","start":9590.61,"end":9591.09}]},{"text":"Venezuela is very grateful for the valuable contributions made by the distinguished panelists and highlights the importance of this roundtable as to the relationship between access to food, food security, inequalities, and the right to development.","start":9592.21,"end":9608.93,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Venezuela","start":9592.21,"end":9592.93},{"text":"is","start":9593.49,"end":9593.69},{"text":"very","start":9593.69,"end":9593.85},{"text":"grateful","start":9593.85,"end":9594.17},{"text":"for","start":9594.17,"end":9594.29},{"text":"the","start":9594.29,"end":9594.37},{"text":"valuable","start":9594.37,"end":9594.69},{"text":"contributions","start":9594.69,"end":9595.41},{"text":"made","start":9595.41,"end":9595.65},{"text":"by","start":9595.65,"end":9595.77},{"text":"the","start":9595.77,"end":9595.85},{"text":"distinguished","start":9595.85,"end":9596.33},{"text":"panelists","start":9596.33,"end":9596.93},{"text":"and","start":9596.93,"end":9597.09},{"text":"highlights","start":9597.09,"end":9597.65},{"text":"the","start":9597.65,"end":9597.73},{"text":"importance","start":9597.73,"end":9598.53},{"text":"of","start":9598.69,"end":9598.85},{"text":"this","start":9598.85,"end":9599.09},{"text":"roundtable","start":9599.09,"end":9599.77},{"text":"as","start":9600.61,"end":9600.77},{"text":"to","start":9600.77,"end":9600.93},{"text":"the","start":9600.93,"end":9601.01},{"text":"relationship","start":9601.01,"end":9601.53},{"text":"between","start":9601.53,"end":9601.89},{"text":"access","start":9601.89,"end":9602.45},{"text":"to","start":9602.45,"end":9602.69},{"text":"food,","start":9602.77,"end":9603.41},{"text":"food","start":9604.13,"end":9604.45},{"text":"security,","start":9604.45,"end":9605.25},{"text":"inequalities,","start":9605.97,"end":9607.09},{"text":"and","start":9607.65,"end":9607.85},{"text":"the","start":9607.85,"end":9607.93},{"text":"right","start":9607.93,"end":9608.09},{"text":"to","start":9608.09,"end":9608.17},{"text":"development.","start":9608.17,"end":9608.93}]},{"text":"Guaranteeing appropriate, adequate food is a vital condition for human dignity, the well-being of peoples, and the effective exercise of human rights.","start":9609.93,"end":9620.09,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Guaranteeing","start":9609.93,"end":9610.73},{"text":"appropriate,","start":9610.89,"end":9611.53},{"text":"adequate","start":9611.53,"end":9612.01},{"text":"food","start":9612.01,"end":9612.49},{"text":"is","start":9612.49,"end":9613.21},{"text":"a","start":9613.53,"end":9613.57},{"text":"vital","start":9613.57,"end":9614.09},{"text":"condition","start":9614.09,"end":9614.73},{"text":"for","start":9614.73,"end":9614.85},{"text":"human","start":9614.85,"end":9615.13},{"text":"dignity,","start":9615.13,"end":9615.77},{"text":"the","start":9616.33,"end":9616.45},{"text":"well-being","start":9616.45,"end":9616.89},{"text":"of","start":9616.89,"end":9616.97},{"text":"peoples,","start":9616.97,"end":9617.61},{"text":"and","start":9617.61,"end":9617.93},{"text":"the","start":9617.93,"end":9618.05},{"text":"effective","start":9618.05,"end":9618.49},{"text":"exercise","start":9618.49,"end":9619.21},{"text":"of","start":9619.21,"end":9619.37},{"text":"human","start":9619.37,"end":9619.65},{"text":"rights.","start":9619.65,"end":9620.09}]},{"text":"We believe that hunger cannot be tackled exclusively as a problem of food availability.","start":9621.05,"end":9627.53,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9621.05,"end":9621.29},{"text":"believe","start":9621.29,"end":9621.85},{"text":"that","start":9621.85,"end":9622.17},{"text":"hunger","start":9622.17,"end":9622.57},{"text":"cannot","start":9622.65,"end":9623.05},{"text":"be","start":9623.05,"end":9623.21},{"text":"tackled","start":9623.21,"end":9623.77},{"text":"exclusively","start":9623.77,"end":9624.57},{"text":"as","start":9624.97,"end":9625.13},{"text":"a","start":9625.13,"end":9625.21},{"text":"problem","start":9625.21,"end":9625.61},{"text":"of","start":9625.61,"end":9626.17},{"text":"food","start":9626.49,"end":9626.81},{"text":"availability.","start":9626.81,"end":9627.53}]},{"text":"Its persistence also addresses structural inequalities.","start":9627.85,"end":9631.93,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":9627.85,"end":9628.09},{"text":"persistence","start":9628.09,"end":9628.89},{"text":"also","start":9629.13,"end":9629.61},{"text":"addresses","start":9629.69,"end":9630.33},{"text":"structural","start":9630.33,"end":9630.89},{"text":"inequalities.","start":9630.89,"end":9631.93}]},{"text":"and limitations when it comes to access to productive resources and profound economic asymmetries, which restrict the ability of developing countries to guarantee sustainable food systems.","start":9632.33,"end":9644.33,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":9632.33,"end":9632.61},{"text":"limitations","start":9632.61,"end":9633.25},{"text":"when","start":9633.25,"end":9633.41},{"text":"it","start":9633.41,"end":9633.49},{"text":"comes","start":9633.49,"end":9633.77},{"text":"to","start":9633.77,"end":9634.01},{"text":"access","start":9634.09,"end":9634.49},{"text":"to","start":9634.49,"end":9634.61},{"text":"productive","start":9634.61,"end":9635.05},{"text":"resources","start":9635.05,"end":9635.61},{"text":"and","start":9635.85,"end":9635.97},{"text":"profound","start":9635.97,"end":9636.53},{"text":"economic","start":9636.53,"end":9636.97},{"text":"asymmetries,","start":9636.97,"end":9637.61},{"text":"which","start":9637.93,"end":9638.17},{"text":"restrict","start":9638.17,"end":9638.81},{"text":"the","start":9639.05,"end":9639.25},{"text":"ability","start":9639.25,"end":9639.77},{"text":"of","start":9639.77,"end":9639.93},{"text":"developing","start":9639.93,"end":9640.45},{"text":"countries","start":9640.45,"end":9641.05},{"text":"to","start":9641.37,"end":9641.53},{"text":"guarantee","start":9641.53,"end":9642.33},{"text":"sustainable","start":9642.81,"end":9643.45},{"text":"food","start":9643.45,"end":9643.65},{"text":"systems.","start":9643.65,"end":9644.33}]},{"text":"Despite the various challenges faced, Venezuela has embarked upon a process of strengthening its productive capacities and its social protection systems, which are aimed at gradually ensuring food security for the entire population.","start":9645.85,"end":9660.29,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":9645.85,"end":9646.29},{"text":"the","start":9646.29,"end":9646.37},{"text":"various","start":9646.37,"end":9646.73},{"text":"challenges","start":9646.73,"end":9647.13},{"text":"faced,","start":9647.13,"end":9647.57},{"text":"Venezuela","start":9647.57,"end":9648.09},{"text":"has","start":9648.09,"end":9648.49},{"text":"embarked","start":9648.49,"end":9648.89},{"text":"upon","start":9648.89,"end":9649.21},{"text":"a","start":9649.21,"end":9649.29},{"text":"process","start":9649.29,"end":9649.69},{"text":"of","start":9649.69,"end":9649.77},{"text":"strengthening","start":9649.77,"end":9650.41},{"text":"its","start":9650.49,"end":9650.73},{"text":"productive","start":9650.73,"end":9651.37},{"text":"capacities","start":9651.37,"end":9652.25},{"text":"and","start":9652.57,"end":9652.97},{"text":"its","start":9652.97,"end":9653.29},{"text":"social","start":9653.29,"end":9653.49},{"text":"protection","start":9653.49,"end":9653.93},{"text":"systems,","start":9653.93,"end":9654.57},{"text":"which","start":9654.93,"end":9655.29},{"text":"are","start":9655.29,"end":9655.45},{"text":"aimed","start":9655.45,"end":9655.85},{"text":"at","start":9655.85,"end":9656.17},{"text":"gradually","start":9656.17,"end":9656.81},{"text":"ensuring","start":9657.53,"end":9658.13},{"text":"food","start":9658.21,"end":9658.49},{"text":"security","start":9658.49,"end":9659.01},{"text":"for","start":9659.01,"end":9659.13},{"text":"the","start":9659.13,"end":9659.21},{"text":"entire","start":9659.21,"end":9659.53},{"text":"population.","start":9659.53,"end":9660.29}]},{"text":"Against that backdrop, we would highlight the school food program and the recent program called Venezuela Plan Feeds.","start":9660.69,"end":9669.73,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":9660.69,"end":9661.09},{"text":"that","start":9661.09,"end":9661.25},{"text":"backdrop,","start":9661.33,"end":9661.85},{"text":"we","start":9661.85,"end":9661.97},{"text":"would","start":9661.97,"end":9662.13},{"text":"highlight","start":9662.13,"end":9662.77},{"text":"the","start":9662.77,"end":9662.93},{"text":"school","start":9662.93,"end":9663.41},{"text":"food","start":9663.41,"end":9663.73},{"text":"program","start":9663.73,"end":9664.29},{"text":"and","start":9664.61,"end":9665.09},{"text":"the","start":9665.09,"end":9665.29},{"text":"recent","start":9665.29,"end":9666.05},{"text":"program","start":9666.05,"end":9666.61},{"text":"called","start":9666.93,"end":9667.41},{"text":"Venezuela","start":9667.49,"end":9668.01},{"text":"Plan","start":9668.01,"end":9668.53},{"text":"Feeds.","start":9669.17,"end":9669.73}]},{"text":"And this aims to coordinate the various processes and stakeholders in the national agro process with a view to moving forward with complying the Sustainable Development Goal 2, zero hunger.","start":9670.13,"end":9682.97,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9670.13,"end":9670.45},{"text":"this","start":9670.45,"end":9670.77},{"text":"aims","start":9670.77,"end":9671.17},{"text":"to","start":9671.17,"end":9671.37},{"text":"coordinate","start":9671.37,"end":9671.85},{"text":"the","start":9671.85,"end":9671.93},{"text":"various","start":9671.93,"end":9672.29},{"text":"processes","start":9672.29,"end":9672.93},{"text":"and","start":9672.93,"end":9673.09},{"text":"stakeholders","start":9673.09,"end":9673.73},{"text":"in","start":9673.73,"end":9673.81},{"text":"the","start":9673.81,"end":9673.93},{"text":"national","start":9673.93,"end":9674.69},{"text":"agro","start":9674.69,"end":9674.93},{"text":"process","start":9674.93,"end":9675.57},{"text":"with","start":9675.97,"end":9676.21},{"text":"a","start":9676.21,"end":9676.25},{"text":"view","start":9676.25,"end":9676.61},{"text":"to","start":9676.61,"end":9676.77},{"text":"moving","start":9676.77,"end":9677.09},{"text":"forward","start":9677.09,"end":9677.73},{"text":"with","start":9678.13,"end":9678.37},{"text":"complying","start":9678.37,"end":9679.01},{"text":"the","start":9679.01,"end":9679.21},{"text":"Sustainable","start":9679.21,"end":9679.69},{"text":"Development","start":9679.69,"end":9680.13},{"text":"Goal","start":9680.13,"end":9680.45},{"text":"2,","start":9680.61,"end":9681.09},{"text":"zero","start":9682.21,"end":9682.61},{"text":"hunger.","start":9682.61,"end":9682.97}]},{"text":"Venezuela has also believed it vital to bolster international cooperation, facilitating access to funding, science, technology, and innovation, enabling developing countries to transform their agro-alimentarian systems, enhance their resilience in the face of climate change, and build productive capacities which are sustainable in line with their national priorities.","start":9684.01,"end":9709.69,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10091.41,"end":10091.49},{"text":"right","start":10091.49,"end":10091.73},{"text":"to","start":10091.73,"end":10091.81},{"text":"adequate","start":10091.81,"end":10092.25},{"text":"food","start":10092.25,"end":10092.57},{"text":"cannot","start":10092.57,"end":10092.93},{"text":"remain","start":10092.93,"end":10093.29},{"text":"an","start":10093.29,"end":10093.37},{"text":"aspiration","start":10093.37,"end":10094.05},{"text":"contingent","start":10094.05,"end":10094.81},{"text":"on","start":10094.81,"end":10094.93},{"text":"a","start":10094.93,"end":10094.97},{"text":"country's","start":10094.97,"end":10095.45},{"text":"wealth","start":10095.45,"end":10095.77},{"text":"or","start":10096.09,"end":10096.33},{"text":"position","start":10096.33,"end":10096.97},{"text":"in","start":10096.97,"end":10097.13},{"text":"the","start":10097.13,"end":10097.25},{"text":"international","start":10097.25,"end":10097.85},{"text":"system.","start":10097.85,"end":10098.33}]},{"text":"It is an integral part of the right to development and a responsibility that demands action at every level.","start":10098.73,"end":10104.41,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10098.73,"end":10098.85},{"text":"is","start":10098.85,"end":10099.01},{"text":"an","start":10099.01,"end":10099.09},{"text":"integral","start":10099.09,"end":10099.57},{"text":"part","start":10099.57,"end":10099.93},{"text":"of","start":10099.93,"end":10100.01},{"text":"the","start":10100.01,"end":10100.09},{"text":"right","start":10100.09,"end":10100.29},{"text":"to","start":10100.29,"end":10100.37},{"text":"development","start":10100.37,"end":10101.05},{"text":"and","start":10101.29,"end":10101.49},{"text":"a","start":10101.49,"end":10101.53},{"text":"responsibility","start":10101.53,"end":10102.49},{"text":"that","start":10102.49,"end":10102.69},{"text":"demands","start":10102.69,"end":10103.13},{"text":"action","start":10103.13,"end":10103.61},{"text":"at","start":10103.61,"end":10103.73},{"text":"every","start":10103.73,"end":10104.01},{"text":"level.","start":10104.01,"end":10104.41}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10104.57,"end":10105.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10104.57,"end":10104.73},{"text":"thank","start":10104.73,"end":10104.97},{"text":"you.","start":10104.97,"end":10105.13}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ERI","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Eritrea"}},{"statement_number":58,"start":10106.25,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:48:27","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10106.25,"end":10107.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10106.25,"end":10106.49},{"text":"you","start":10106.49,"end":10106.57},{"text":"very","start":10106.57,"end":10106.81},{"text":"much.","start":10106.81,"end":10107.29}]},{"text":"And I would like to give the floor now to the representative from Egypt.","start":10107.85,"end":10111.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10107.85,"end":10108.09},{"text":"I","start":10108.09,"end":10108.17},{"text":"would","start":10108.17,"end":10108.29},{"text":"like","start":10108.29,"end":10108.45},{"text":"to","start":10108.45,"end":10108.53},{"text":"give","start":10108.53,"end":10108.73},{"text":"the","start":10108.73,"end":10108.81},{"text":"floor","start":10108.81,"end":10109.09},{"text":"now","start":10109.09,"end":10109.29},{"text":"to","start":10109.29,"end":10109.49},{"text":"the","start":10109.49,"end":10109.61},{"text":"representative","start":10109.61,"end":10110.21},{"text":"from","start":10110.21,"end":10110.49},{"text":"Egypt.","start":10110.57,"end":10111.13}]},{"text":"You have the floor.","start":10112.09,"end":10112.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":10112.09,"end":10112.25},{"text":"have","start":10112.25,"end":10112.41},{"text":"the","start":10112.41,"end":10112.49},{"text":"floor.","start":10112.49,"end":10112.89}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":59,"start":10121.09,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:48:42","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, moderator.","start":10121.09,"end":10122.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10121.09,"end":10121.37},{"text":"you,","start":10121.37,"end":10121.45},{"text":"moderator.","start":10121.45,"end":10122.13}]},{"text":"We'd like to thank all of the speakers for these very important discussions on an important topic.","start":10122.13,"end":10128.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'd","start":10122.13,"end":10122.37},{"text":"like","start":10122.37,"end":10122.49},{"text":"to","start":10122.49,"end":10122.61},{"text":"thank","start":10122.61,"end":10122.97},{"text":"all","start":10122.97,"end":10123.21},{"text":"of","start":10123.21,"end":10123.29},{"text":"the","start":10123.29,"end":10123.37},{"text":"speakers","start":10123.37,"end":10124.01},{"text":"for","start":10124.01,"end":10124.41},{"text":"these","start":10124.41,"end":10124.85},{"text":"very","start":10124.85,"end":10125.13},{"text":"important","start":10125.13,"end":10125.93},{"text":"discussions","start":10126.41,"end":10127.05},{"text":"on","start":10127.05,"end":10127.21},{"text":"an","start":10127.21,"end":10127.29},{"text":"important","start":10127.29,"end":10128.05},{"text":"topic.","start":10128.05,"end":10128.73}]},{"text":"Food is a very important right, and the right to development too, it's linked to other rights to life, health, and education to ensure a dignified life.","start":10129.69,"end":10144.61,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Protection","start":10354.37,"end":10354.97},{"text":"and","start":10354.97,"end":10355.13},{"text":"accessible","start":10355.13,"end":10355.89},{"text":"climate","start":10355.97,"end":10356.37},{"text":"finance,","start":10356.37,"end":10356.97},{"text":"alongside","start":10357.49,"end":10358.21},{"text":"international","start":10358.21,"end":10358.85},{"text":"cooperation","start":10358.85,"end":10359.41},{"text":"and","start":10359.41,"end":10359.65},{"text":"capacity","start":10359.65,"end":10360.13},{"text":"building","start":10360.13,"end":10360.69},{"text":"to","start":10360.85,"end":10360.97},{"text":"strengthen","start":10360.97,"end":10361.53},{"text":"national","start":10361.53,"end":10361.89},{"text":"food","start":10361.89,"end":10362.13},{"text":"systems.","start":10362.13,"end":10362.73}]},{"text":"We would welcome the expert mechanisms guidance on how countries with limited resources can apply a right to development.","start":10364.53,"end":10373.33,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Approach","start":10373.33,"end":10373.89},{"text":"to","start":10373.89,"end":10374.01},{"text":"food","start":10374.01,"end":10374.21},{"text":"security.","start":10374.21,"end":10374.93}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you.","start":10376.89,"end":10377.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10376.89,"end":10376.93},{"text":"thank","start":10376.93,"end":10377.21},{"text":"you.","start":10377.21,"end":10377.37}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"LSO","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Lesotho"}},{"statement_number":62,"start":10379.53,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:53:00","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10379.53,"end":10380.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10379.53,"end":10379.69},{"text":"you","start":10379.69,"end":10379.77},{"text":"very","start":10379.77,"end":10380.01},{"text":"much.","start":10380.01,"end":10380.57}]},{"text":"And now we can hear from the representative from Mexico.","start":10380.57,"end":10383.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10380.57,"end":10380.69},{"text":"now","start":10380.81,"end":10381.29},{"text":"we","start":10381.29,"end":10381.45},{"text":"can","start":10381.45,"end":10381.77},{"text":"hear","start":10381.77,"end":10382.01},{"text":"from","start":10382.01,"end":10382.25},{"text":"the","start":10382.25,"end":10382.37},{"text":"representative","start":10382.37,"end":10383.09},{"text":"from","start":10383.09,"end":10383.25},{"text":"Mexico.","start":10383.25,"end":10383.85}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":63,"start":10386.41,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=2:53:07","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":10386.41,"end":10386.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10386.41,"end":10386.65},{"text":"you.","start":10386.65,"end":10386.81}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We would like to thank the panelists for their valuable contributions.","start":10388.17,"end":10392.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10388.17,"end":10388.25},{"text":"would","start":10389.21,"end":10389.41},{"text":"like","start":10389.41,"end":10389.57},{"text":"to","start":10389.57,"end":10389.69},{"text":"thank","start":10389.93,"end":10390.09},{"text":"the","start":10390.09,"end":10390.17},{"text":"panelists","start":10390.17,"end":10390.57},{"text":"for","start":10390.57,"end":10390.69},{"text":"their","start":10390.69,"end":10390.81},{"text":"valuable","start":10390.81,"end":10391.13},{"text":"contributions.","start":10391.13,"end":10392.01}]},{"text":"Mexico reaffirms that the right to food is closely linked to the right to development.","start":10392.33,"end":10397.05,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Mexico","start":10392.33,"end":10392.69},{"text":"reaffirms","start":10392.69,"end":10393.17},{"text":"that","start":10393.17,"end":10393.29},{"text":"the","start":10393.29,"end":10393.41},{"text":"right","start":10393.41,"end":10393.65},{"text":"to","start":10393.65,"end":10393.77},{"text":"food","start":10393.77,"end":10394.33},{"text":"is","start":10394.49,"end":10394.81},{"text":"closely","start":10394.81,"end":10395.21},{"text":"linked","start":10395.21,"end":10395.61},{"text":"to","start":10395.69,"end":10395.85},{"text":"the","start":10395.93,"end":10396.05},{"text":"right","start":10396.05,"end":10396.29},{"text":"to","start":10396.29,"end":10396.37},{"text":"development.","start":10396.37,"end":10397.05}]},{"text":"Poverty and rising inequalities are underlying causes of food insecurity and compromise the enjoyment of other rights such as health, housing, water, and education.","start":10397.57,"end":10407.09,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Poverty","start":10397.57,"end":10398.13},{"text":"and","start":10398.13,"end":10398.45},{"text":"rising","start":10398.45,"end":10398.73},{"text":"inequalities","start":10398.73,"end":10399.33},{"text":"are","start":10399.33,"end":10399.49},{"text":"underlying","start":10399.49,"end":10400.05},{"text":"causes","start":10400.05,"end":10400.61},{"text":"of","start":10400.61,"end":10400.93},{"text":"food","start":10400.93,"end":10401.17},{"text":"insecurity","start":10401.17,"end":10401.97},{"text":"and","start":10401.97,"end":10402.29},{"text":"compromise","start":10402.61,"end":10403.21},{"text":"the","start":10403.21,"end":10403.29},{"text":"enjoyment","start":10403.29,"end":10403.69},{"text":"of","start":10403.69,"end":10403.77},{"text":"other","start":10403.77,"end":10403.93},{"text":"rights","start":10403.93,"end":10404.13},{"text":"such","start":10404.13,"end":10404.29},{"text":"as","start":10404.29,"end":10404.45},{"text":"health,","start":10404.45,"end":10404.85},{"text":"housing,","start":10404.85,"end":10405.57},{"text":"water,","start":10405.81,"end":10406.21},{"text":"and","start":10406.21,"end":10406.41},{"text":"education.","start":10406.41,"end":10407.09}]},{"text":"In Mexico, the right to food is enshrined in Article 4 and 27 of the Constitution, which sets the obligation of the state to guarantee a sufficient and timely supply of foodstuffs.","start":10407.73,"end":10419.65,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10407.73,"end":10407.89},{"text":"Mexico,","start":10407.89,"end":10408.37},{"text":"the","start":10408.37,"end":10408.53},{"text":"right","start":10408.53,"end":10408.81},{"text":"to","start":10408.81,"end":10408.89},{"text":"food","start":10408.93,"end":10409.41},{"text":"is","start":10409.41,"end":10409.65},{"text":"enshrined","start":10409.65,"end":10410.13},{"text":"in","start":10410.13,"end":10410.29},{"text":"Article","start":10410.29,"end":10410.69},{"text":"4","start":10410.69,"end":10411.09},{"text":"and","start":10411.09,"end":10411.29},{"text":"27","start":10411.29,"end":10411.93},{"text":"of","start":10411.93,"end":10412.05},{"text":"the","start":10412.05,"end":10412.13},{"text":"Constitution,","start":10412.13,"end":10412.93},{"text":"which","start":10413.21,"end":10413.57},{"text":"sets","start":10413.57,"end":10413.97},{"text":"the","start":10413.97,"end":10414.09},{"text":"obligation","start":10414.09,"end":10414.57},{"text":"of","start":10414.57,"end":10414.65},{"text":"the","start":10414.65,"end":10414.73},{"text":"state","start":10414.73,"end":10415.17},{"text":"to","start":10415.41,"end":10415.53},{"text":"guarantee","start":10415.53,"end":10416.61},{"text":"a","start":10416.61,"end":10416.65},{"text":"sufficient","start":10416.65,"end":10417.65},{"text":"and","start":10417.65,"end":10417.89},{"text":"timely","start":10417.89,"end":10418.29},{"text":"supply","start":10418.29,"end":10418.77},{"text":"of","start":10418.77,"end":10418.93},{"text":"foodstuffs.","start":10418.93,"end":10419.65}]},{"text":"The General Food Law, which is sustainable and adequate, recognizes that the right to food should be guaranteed within the cultural context and the specific necessities of each person.","start":10420.05,"end":10432.93,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Firstly,","start":10436.93,"end":10437.57},{"text":"more","start":10437.97,"end":10438.17},{"text":"inclusive","start":10438.17,"end":10438.69},{"text":"national","start":10438.69,"end":10439.09},{"text":"production.","start":10439.09,"end":10439.65}]},{"text":"The National Development Plan 2025-2030 places sovereignty and self-sufficiency of food as a key issue, with an emphasis on persons who are large-scale and small-scale producers.","start":10439.89,"end":10452.37,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10608.89,"end":10609.09},{"text":"fundamental","start":10609.13,"end":10609.69},{"text":"cause","start":10609.69,"end":10610.17},{"text":"of","start":10610.17,"end":10610.33},{"text":"hunger","start":10610.33,"end":10610.89},{"text":"and","start":10610.89,"end":10611.29},{"text":"malnutrition","start":10611.29,"end":10612.17},{"text":"does","start":10612.49,"end":10612.65},{"text":"not","start":10612.65,"end":10613.29},{"text":"lie","start":10613.29,"end":10613.61},{"text":"in","start":10613.61,"end":10613.69},{"text":"the","start":10613.69,"end":10613.81},{"text":"scarcity","start":10613.81,"end":10614.29},{"text":"of","start":10614.29,"end":10614.37},{"text":"food,","start":10614.37,"end":10614.81},{"text":"but","start":10615.05,"end":10615.21},{"text":"rather","start":10615.21,"end":10615.61},{"text":"in","start":10615.61,"end":10616.01},{"text":"the","start":10616.01,"end":10616.13},{"text":"deep","start":10616.13,"end":10616.57},{"text":"inequalities","start":10616.57,"end":10617.37},{"text":"which","start":10617.37,"end":10617.61},{"text":"limit","start":10617.61,"end":10617.93},{"text":"their","start":10617.93,"end":10618.17},{"text":"access","start":10618.17,"end":10618.81},{"text":"and","start":10619.29,"end":10619.53},{"text":"the","start":10619.53,"end":10619.65},{"text":"imposition","start":10619.65,"end":10620.25},{"text":"of","start":10620.25,"end":10620.41},{"text":"artificial","start":10620.41,"end":10621.05},{"text":"barriers.","start":10621.05,"end":10621.77}]},{"text":"In that context, It is the responsibility of all to advocate a new international order which is fairer, more democratic and equitable, which prioritizes the human right to food over luxury and political interests.","start":10622.65,"end":10637.01,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10622.65,"end":10622.81},{"text":"that","start":10622.81,"end":10623.01},{"text":"context,","start":10623.01,"end":10623.85},{"text":"It","start":10624.53,"end":10624.61},{"text":"is","start":10624.61,"end":10624.69},{"text":"the","start":10624.69,"end":10624.77},{"text":"responsibility","start":10624.77,"end":10625.57},{"text":"of","start":10625.57,"end":10625.81},{"text":"all","start":10625.81,"end":10626.13},{"text":"to","start":10626.13,"end":10626.29},{"text":"advocate","start":10626.29,"end":10627.13},{"text":"a","start":10627.13,"end":10627.17},{"text":"new","start":10627.17,"end":10627.65},{"text":"international","start":10627.65,"end":10628.33},{"text":"order","start":10628.33,"end":10628.53},{"text":"which","start":10628.53,"end":10628.77},{"text":"is","start":10628.77,"end":10628.85},{"text":"fairer,","start":10628.85,"end":10629.25},{"text":"more","start":10629.25,"end":10629.49},{"text":"democratic","start":10629.49,"end":10630.09},{"text":"and","start":10630.09,"end":10630.25},{"text":"equitable,","start":10630.25,"end":10630.77},{"text":"which","start":10631.37,"end":10631.57},{"text":"prioritizes","start":10631.57,"end":10632.45},{"text":"the","start":10632.45,"end":10632.53},{"text":"human","start":10632.53,"end":10632.77},{"text":"right","start":10632.77,"end":10633.21},{"text":"to","start":10633.21,"end":10633.29},{"text":"food","start":10633.65,"end":10634.21},{"text":"over","start":10634.45,"end":10634.85},{"text":"luxury","start":10634.85,"end":10635.49},{"text":"and","start":10635.49,"end":10635.81},{"text":"political","start":10635.81,"end":10636.29},{"text":"interests.","start":10636.29,"end":10637.01}]},{"text":"Hunger cannot be used ever as a weapon of war.","start":10637.65,"end":10641.49,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Hunger","start":10637.65,"end":10638.13},{"text":"cannot","start":10638.37,"end":10638.77},{"text":"be","start":10638.77,"end":10638.93},{"text":"used","start":10638.93,"end":10639.49},{"text":"ever","start":10639.65,"end":10640.05},{"text":"as","start":10640.37,"end":10640.69},{"text":"a","start":10640.77,"end":10640.81},{"text":"weapon","start":10640.81,"end":10641.09},{"text":"of","start":10641.09,"end":10641.17},{"text":"war.","start":10641.17,"end":10641.49}]},{"text":"No population in the world deserves to be subject to such a collective punishment.","start":10642.45,"end":10647.25,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":10642.45,"end":10642.65},{"text":"population","start":10642.65,"end":10643.25},{"text":"in","start":10643.25,"end":10643.33},{"text":"the","start":10643.33,"end":10643.41},{"text":"world","start":10643.41,"end":10643.69},{"text":"deserves","start":10643.69,"end":10644.05},{"text":"to","start":10644.05,"end":10644.17},{"text":"be","start":10644.17,"end":10644.29},{"text":"subject","start":10644.29,"end":10644.89},{"text":"to","start":10644.89,"end":10645.01},{"text":"such","start":10645.33,"end":10645.81},{"text":"a","start":10645.89,"end":10645.93},{"text":"collective","start":10645.93,"end":10646.45},{"text":"punishment.","start":10646.45,"end":10647.25}]},{"text":"We denounce the brutal impact that the blockade and energy lockdown has in Cuba, imposed by the US government, and this on the right to the food of the Cuban people.","start":10648.09,"end":10659.13,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10648.09,"end":10648.17},{"text":"denounce","start":10648.17,"end":10648.65},{"text":"the","start":10648.65,"end":10648.77},{"text":"brutal","start":10648.77,"end":10649.13},{"text":"impact","start":10649.13,"end":10649.85},{"text":"that","start":10649.85,"end":10650.25},{"text":"the","start":10650.25,"end":10650.45},{"text":"blockade","start":10650.57,"end":10651.29},{"text":"and","start":10651.29,"end":10651.69},{"text":"energy","start":10651.69,"end":10652.17},{"text":"lockdown","start":10652.17,"end":10652.65},{"text":"has","start":10652.65,"end":10653.05},{"text":"in","start":10653.93,"end":10654.17},{"text":"Cuba,","start":10654.17,"end":10654.53},{"text":"imposed","start":10654.53,"end":10654.89},{"text":"by","start":10654.89,"end":10655.01},{"text":"the","start":10655.01,"end":10655.17},{"text":"US","start":10655.21,"end":10655.45},{"text":"government,","start":10655.45,"end":10655.93},{"text":"and","start":10656.17,"end":10656.45},{"text":"this","start":10656.45,"end":10656.65},{"text":"on","start":10656.65,"end":10656.73},{"text":"the","start":10656.73,"end":10656.89},{"text":"right","start":10656.89,"end":10657.25},{"text":"to","start":10657.25,"end":10657.37},{"text":"the","start":10657.77,"end":10657.85},{"text":"food","start":10657.85,"end":10658.25},{"text":"of","start":10658.25,"end":10658.37},{"text":"the","start":10658.37,"end":10658.45},{"text":"Cuban","start":10658.45,"end":10658.73},{"text":"people.","start":10658.73,"end":10659.13}]},{"text":"The effects caused by this UCM run into the millions.","start":10659.37,"end":10664.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10659.37,"end":10659.49},{"text":"effects","start":10659.49,"end":10659.85},{"text":"caused","start":10659.85,"end":10660.13},{"text":"by","start":10660.13,"end":10660.41},{"text":"this","start":10660.41,"end":10660.73},{"text":"UCM","start":10660.73,"end":10661.93},{"text":"run","start":10663.77,"end":10664.05},{"text":"into","start":10664.05,"end":10664.29},{"text":"the","start":10664.29,"end":10664.37},{"text":"millions.","start":10664.37,"end":10664.97}]},{"text":"Between 2025 and 2026 alone, the food production sector recorded effects valued in billions of dollars.","start":10665.93,"end":10676.57,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Between","start":10665.93,"end":10666.33},{"text":"2025","start":10666.33,"end":10667.21},{"text":"and","start":10667.21,"end":10667.33},{"text":"2026","start":10667.33,"end":10668.17},{"text":"alone,","start":10668.17,"end":10668.57},{"text":"the","start":10668.89,"end":10669.13},{"text":"food","start":10669.37,"end":10669.69},{"text":"production","start":10669.69,"end":10670.25},{"text":"sector","start":10670.25,"end":10670.77},{"text":"recorded","start":10670.81,"end":10671.69},{"text":"effects","start":10673.49,"end":10674.01},{"text":"valued","start":10674.17,"end":10674.65},{"text":"in","start":10674.65,"end":10675.05},{"text":"billions","start":10675.61,"end":10675.97},{"text":"of","start":10675.97,"end":10676.05},{"text":"dollars.","start":10676.05,"end":10676.57}]},{"text":"About 34 banking institutions suspended or refused to have operations with Cuba, canceling accounts or transfers for the purchasing of food.","start":10677.05,"end":10687.41,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"About","start":10677.05,"end":10677.57},{"text":"34","start":10677.57,"end":10678.29},{"text":"banking","start":10678.29,"end":10678.73},{"text":"institutions","start":10678.73,"end":10679.49},{"text":"suspended","start":10679.49,"end":10680.21},{"text":"or","start":10680.21,"end":10680.61},{"text":"refused","start":10680.93,"end":10681.61},{"text":"to","start":10681.61,"end":10681.81},{"text":"have","start":10682.05,"end":10682.37},{"text":"operations","start":10682.53,"end":10683.05},{"text":"with","start":10683.05,"end":10683.17},{"text":"Cuba,","start":10683.17,"end":10683.49},{"text":"canceling","start":10683.49,"end":10683.97},{"text":"accounts","start":10683.97,"end":10684.53},{"text":"or","start":10684.77,"end":10685.09},{"text":"transfers","start":10685.09,"end":10685.89},{"text":"for","start":10685.89,"end":10686.21},{"text":"the","start":10686.21,"end":10686.41},{"text":"purchasing","start":10686.41,"end":10686.93},{"text":"of","start":10686.93,"end":10687.01},{"text":"food.","start":10687.01,"end":10687.41}]},{"text":"The lack of fuel and the difficulties created by prolonged energy cuts.","start":10687.89,"end":10692.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10687.89,"end":10688.01},{"text":"lack","start":10688.01,"end":10688.37},{"text":"of","start":10688.37,"end":10688.77},{"text":"fuel","start":10688.77,"end":10689.33},{"text":"and","start":10689.33,"end":10689.73},{"text":"the","start":10689.73,"end":10689.85},{"text":"difficulties","start":10689.85,"end":10690.53},{"text":"created","start":10690.53,"end":10691.09},{"text":"by","start":10691.09,"end":10691.25},{"text":"prolonged","start":10691.25,"end":10691.81},{"text":"energy","start":10691.81,"end":10692.29},{"text":"cuts.","start":10692.29,"end":10692.93}]},{"text":"have had a very negative impact on agricultural production.","start":10693.37,"end":10697.93,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"have","start":10693.37,"end":10693.61},{"text":"had","start":10693.61,"end":10694.09},{"text":"a","start":10694.17,"end":10694.21},{"text":"very","start":10694.21,"end":10694.41},{"text":"negative","start":10694.41,"end":10694.89},{"text":"impact","start":10694.89,"end":10695.61},{"text":"on","start":10695.61,"end":10696.01},{"text":"agricultural","start":10696.57,"end":10697.29},{"text":"production.","start":10697.29,"end":10697.93}]},{"text":"Millions of tons of food, which were produced despite the limitations imposed by the blockade, face difficulties in being refrigerated and transported for final consumption.","start":10698.33,"end":10709.45,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Millions","start":10698.33,"end":10698.73},{"text":"of","start":10698.73,"end":10698.81},{"text":"tons","start":10698.81,"end":10699.17},{"text":"of","start":10699.17,"end":10699.25},{"text":"food,","start":10699.25,"end":10699.77},{"text":"which","start":10699.77,"end":10700.25},{"text":"were","start":10700.49,"end":10700.73},{"text":"produced","start":10700.73,"end":10701.45},{"text":"despite","start":10701.61,"end":10702.33},{"text":"the","start":10702.41,"end":10702.61},{"text":"limitations","start":10702.65,"end":10703.33},{"text":"imposed","start":10703.33,"end":10703.69},{"text":"by","start":10703.69,"end":10703.85},{"text":"the","start":10703.85,"end":10703.93},{"text":"blockade,","start":10703.93,"end":10704.49},{"text":"face","start":10704.89,"end":10705.29},{"text":"difficulties","start":10705.29,"end":10706.09},{"text":"in","start":10706.09,"end":10706.25},{"text":"being","start":10706.25,"end":10706.49},{"text":"refrigerated","start":10706.49,"end":10707.13},{"text":"and","start":10707.13,"end":10707.37},{"text":"transported","start":10707.37,"end":10708.09},{"text":"for","start":10708.09,"end":10708.41},{"text":"final","start":10708.41,"end":10708.73},{"text":"consumption.","start":10708.73,"end":10709.45}]},{"text":"The perverse purpose of the US is to cause extreme shortages and distress amongst Cuban families.","start":10710.25,"end":10718.01,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10710.25,"end":10710.53},{"text":"perverse","start":10711.45,"end":10712.49},{"text":"purpose","start":10712.49,"end":10713.05},{"text":"of","start":10713.05,"end":10713.13},{"text":"the","start":10713.13,"end":10713.29},{"text":"US","start":10713.37,"end":10713.69},{"text":"is","start":10713.69,"end":10714.01},{"text":"to","start":10714.01,"end":10714.21},{"text":"cause","start":10714.57,"end":10714.89},{"text":"extreme","start":10714.89,"end":10715.45},{"text":"shortages","start":10715.45,"end":10716.01},{"text":"and","start":10716.01,"end":10716.37},{"text":"distress","start":10716.37,"end":10716.93},{"text":"amongst","start":10716.93,"end":10717.21},{"text":"Cuban","start":10717.21,"end":10717.45},{"text":"families.","start":10717.45,"end":10718.01}]},{"text":"They try to stabilize the country and attain their political objectives.","start":10718.49,"end":10725.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":10718.49,"end":10718.65},{"text":"try","start":10718.65,"end":10719.05},{"text":"to","start":10719.05,"end":10719.29},{"text":"stabilize","start":10721.85,"end":10722.49},{"text":"the","start":10722.49,"end":10722.61},{"text":"country","start":10722.61,"end":10723.13},{"text":"and","start":10723.13,"end":10723.37},{"text":"attain","start":10723.37,"end":10723.77},{"text":"their","start":10723.77,"end":10723.97},{"text":"political","start":10723.97,"end":10724.33},{"text":"objectives.","start":10724.33,"end":10725.05}]},{"text":"Despite these efforts, Cuba will continue to work tirelessly in finding solutions to such a challenge with the commitment of continue to promote and protect the right to food.","start":10725.25,"end":10736.49,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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The Dominican Republic is grateful for the opportunity to take part in this thematic dialogue on access to food, food security, inequalities, and the right to development.","start":10747.93,"end":10759.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moderator.","start":10747.93,"end":10748.49},{"text":"The","start":10749.29,"end":10749.37},{"text":"Dominican","start":10749.37,"end":10749.77},{"text":"Republic","start":10749.77,"end":10750.21},{"text":"is","start":10750.29,"end":10750.49},{"text":"grateful","start":10750.49,"end":10750.77},{"text":"for","start":10750.77,"end":10750.89},{"text":"the","start":10750.89,"end":10750.97},{"text":"opportunity","start":10750.97,"end":10751.49},{"text":"to","start":10751.49,"end":10751.61},{"text":"take","start":10751.61,"end":10751.81},{"text":"part","start":10751.81,"end":10752.13},{"text":"in","start":10752.13,"end":10752.45},{"text":"this","start":10752.45,"end":10752.61},{"text":"thematic","start":10752.61,"end":10753.01},{"text":"dialogue","start":10753.01,"end":10753.49},{"text":"on","start":10753.49,"end":10753.73},{"text":"access","start":10753.73,"end":10754.13},{"text":"to","start":10754.13,"end":10754.29},{"text":"food,","start":10754.29,"end":10755.01},{"text":"food","start":10755.01,"end":10755.37},{"text":"security,","start":10755.37,"end":10756.21},{"text":"inequalities,","start":10757.01,"end":10758.05},{"text":"and","start":10758.29,"end":10758.57},{"text":"the","start":10758.57,"end":10758.69},{"text":"right","start":10758.69,"end":10758.89},{"text":"to","start":10758.89,"end":10758.97},{"text":"development.","start":10758.97,"end":10759.73}]},{"text":"These are fundamental issues and are closely linked to human dignity and social inclusion.","start":10760.05,"end":10766.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10760.05,"end":10760.45},{"text":"are","start":10760.45,"end":10760.53},{"text":"fundamental","start":10760.53,"end":10761.17},{"text":"issues","start":10761.17,"end":10761.89},{"text":"and","start":10763.01,"end":10763.25},{"text":"are","start":10763.25,"end":10763.33},{"text":"closely","start":10763.33,"end":10763.81},{"text":"linked","start":10763.81,"end":10764.37},{"text":"to","start":10764.37,"end":10764.45},{"text":"human","start":10764.61,"end":10764.97},{"text":"dignity","start":10764.97,"end":10765.65},{"text":"and","start":10765.73,"end":10765.89},{"text":"social","start":10765.89,"end":10766.21},{"text":"inclusion.","start":10766.21,"end":10766.85}]},{"text":"For our country, the right to development requires that the economic growth becomes real opportunities, the reduction of inequalities and effective access to fundamental rights, including the right to adequate food.","start":10767.33,"end":10782.33,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":10890.73,"end":10890.85},{"text":"is","start":10890.85,"end":10891.01},{"text":"why","start":10891.01,"end":10891.17},{"text":"it","start":10891.17,"end":10891.41},{"text":"is","start":10891.41,"end":10891.73},{"text":"key","start":10892.05,"end":10892.45},{"text":"to","start":10892.45,"end":10892.65},{"text":"promote","start":10892.65,"end":10893.25},{"text":"sustainable","start":10893.25,"end":10893.77},{"text":"agricultural","start":10893.77,"end":10894.33},{"text":"practices,","start":10894.33,"end":10894.93},{"text":"improve","start":10895.17,"end":10895.89},{"text":"water","start":10895.89,"end":10896.29},{"text":"management,","start":10896.29,"end":10896.93},{"text":"enhance","start":10897.29,"end":10897.77},{"text":"productive","start":10897.77,"end":10898.29},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":10898.29,"end":10898.93},{"text":"and","start":10899.17,"end":10899.49},{"text":"broaden","start":10899.49,"end":10899.97},{"text":"appropriate","start":10900.21,"end":10900.73},{"text":"technological","start":10900.73,"end":10901.25},{"text":"access","start":10901.25,"end":10901.81},{"text":"to","start":10902.93,"end":10903.17},{"text":"enhance","start":10903.25,"end":10903.81},{"text":"the","start":10903.81,"end":10903.93},{"text":"resilience","start":10903.93,"end":10904.33},{"text":"of","start":10904.33,"end":10904.45},{"text":"communities.","start":10904.45,"end":10905.17}]},{"text":"Moderator.","start":10905.81,"end":10906.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moderator.","start":10905.81,"end":10906.49}]},{"text":"Based on these considerations, the Dominican Republic reaffirms its commitment to a sustainable economic model which promotes social inclusion, environmental sustainability, and equal opportunities.","start":10908.77,"end":10921.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Based","start":10908.77,"end":10909.09},{"text":"on","start":10909.09,"end":10909.33},{"text":"these","start":10909.33,"end":10909.57},{"text":"considerations,","start":10909.57,"end":10910.53},{"text":"the","start":10910.53,"end":10910.61},{"text":"Dominican","start":10910.61,"end":10911.09},{"text":"Republic","start":10911.09,"end":10911.57},{"text":"reaffirms","start":10911.57,"end":10912.21},{"text":"its","start":10912.21,"end":10912.45},{"text":"commitment","start":10912.45,"end":10913.17},{"text":"to","start":10913.57,"end":10913.69},{"text":"a","start":10913.69,"end":10913.73},{"text":"sustainable","start":10914.77,"end":10915.57},{"text":"economic","start":10915.77,"end":10916.13},{"text":"model","start":10916.13,"end":10916.49},{"text":"which","start":10916.49,"end":10916.69},{"text":"promotes","start":10916.69,"end":10917.21},{"text":"social","start":10917.21,"end":10917.49},{"text":"inclusion,","start":10917.49,"end":10918.29},{"text":"environmental","start":10919.01,"end":10919.61},{"text":"sustainability,","start":10919.61,"end":10920.37},{"text":"and","start":10920.37,"end":10920.61},{"text":"equal","start":10920.61,"end":10920.85},{"text":"opportunities.","start":10920.85,"end":10921.73}]},{"text":"The realization of the right to development requires shared response and knowledge that poverty, hunger, and inequalities limit the effective exercise of human rights.","start":10922.05,"end":10932.49,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10922.05,"end":10922.17},{"text":"realization","start":10922.17,"end":10922.73},{"text":"of","start":10922.73,"end":10922.85},{"text":"the","start":10922.85,"end":10922.93},{"text":"right","start":10922.93,"end":10923.29},{"text":"to","start":10923.29,"end":10923.37},{"text":"development","start":10923.41,"end":10924.05},{"text":"requires","start":10924.05,"end":10924.77},{"text":"shared","start":10924.85,"end":10925.49},{"text":"response","start":10925.73,"end":10926.37},{"text":"and","start":10926.45,"end":10926.77},{"text":"knowledge","start":10926.85,"end":10927.25},{"text":"that","start":10927.25,"end":10927.49},{"text":"poverty,","start":10927.49,"end":10928.13},{"text":"hunger,","start":10928.37,"end":10928.85},{"text":"and","start":10928.85,"end":10929.17},{"text":"inequalities","start":10929.17,"end":10930.05},{"text":"limit","start":10930.05,"end":10930.41},{"text":"the","start":10930.41,"end":10930.49},{"text":"effective","start":10930.49,"end":10931.09},{"text":"exercise","start":10931.25,"end":10931.81},{"text":"of","start":10931.81,"end":10931.93},{"text":"human","start":10931.93,"end":10932.21},{"text":"rights.","start":10932.21,"end":10932.49}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10932.49,"end":10933.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10932.49,"end":10932.65},{"text":"you","start":10932.65,"end":10932.73},{"text":"very","start":10932.73,"end":10932.89},{"text":"much.","start":10932.89,"end":10933.25}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"DOM","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Dominican Republic"}},{"statement_number":68,"start":10934.13,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:02:15","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":10934.13,"end":10934.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10934.13,"end":10934.53},{"text":"you.","start":10934.53,"end":10934.69}]},{"text":"We will hear next from the representative from Nepal.","start":10934.69,"end":10937.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10934.69,"end":10934.85},{"text":"will","start":10934.85,"end":10935.01},{"text":"hear","start":10935.01,"end":10935.33},{"text":"next","start":10935.33,"end":10935.77},{"text":"from","start":10935.77,"end":10936.13},{"text":"the","start":10936.13,"end":10936.21},{"text":"representative","start":10936.21,"end":10936.77},{"text":"from","start":10936.77,"end":10937.01},{"text":"Nepal.","start":10937.01,"end":10937.57}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":69,"start":10944.13,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:02:25","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":10944.13,"end":10945.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10944.13,"end":10944.37},{"text":"you,","start":10944.37,"end":10944.61},{"text":"Chair.","start":10945.17,"end":10945.49}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Nepal thanks the expert mechanism for convening this important discussion on access to food, food security inequalities, and the right to development.","start":10947.01,"end":10955.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nepal","start":10947.01,"end":10947.41},{"text":"thanks","start":10947.41,"end":10947.89},{"text":"the","start":10947.89,"end":10948.01},{"text":"expert","start":10948.01,"end":10948.37},{"text":"mechanism","start":10948.37,"end":10948.93},{"text":"for","start":10948.93,"end":10949.17},{"text":"convening","start":10949.17,"end":10949.65},{"text":"this","start":10949.65,"end":10949.81},{"text":"important","start":10949.81,"end":10950.25},{"text":"discussion","start":10950.25,"end":10950.77},{"text":"on","start":10950.77,"end":10950.93},{"text":"access","start":10950.93,"end":10951.33},{"text":"to","start":10951.33,"end":10951.41},{"text":"food,","start":10951.41,"end":10951.81},{"text":"food","start":10952.21,"end":10952.49},{"text":"security","start":10952.49,"end":10953.09},{"text":"inequalities,","start":10953.09,"end":10953.89},{"text":"and","start":10953.89,"end":10954.01},{"text":"the","start":10954.01,"end":10954.09},{"text":"right","start":10954.09,"end":10954.33},{"text":"to","start":10954.33,"end":10954.41},{"text":"development.","start":10954.41,"end":10955.01}]},{"text":"We believe that the access to adequate food is essential to human dignity, social justice, and the full realization of the right to development.","start":10955.73,"end":10963.65,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10955.73,"end":10955.89},{"text":"believe","start":10955.89,"end":10956.21},{"text":"that","start":10956.21,"end":10956.53},{"text":"the","start":10956.53,"end":10956.65},{"text":"access","start":10956.65,"end":10957.17},{"text":"to","start":10957.17,"end":10957.33},{"text":"adequate","start":10957.33,"end":10957.73},{"text":"food","start":10957.73,"end":10958.09},{"text":"is","start":10958.09,"end":10958.37},{"text":"essential","start":10958.37,"end":10958.93},{"text":"to","start":10958.93,"end":10959.05},{"text":"human","start":10959.05,"end":10959.41},{"text":"dignity,","start":10959.41,"end":10959.89},{"text":"social","start":10960.13,"end":10960.57},{"text":"justice,","start":10960.57,"end":10961.09},{"text":"and","start":10961.09,"end":10961.29},{"text":"the","start":10961.29,"end":10961.37},{"text":"full","start":10961.37,"end":10961.65},{"text":"realization","start":10961.65,"end":10962.37},{"text":"of","start":10962.37,"end":10962.53},{"text":"the","start":10962.53,"end":10962.61},{"text":"right","start":10962.61,"end":10962.89},{"text":"to","start":10962.89,"end":10962.97},{"text":"development.","start":10962.97,"end":10963.65}]},{"text":"However, persistent inequalities, climate change, and environmental and economical shocks continue to undermine food security, particularly in developing countries and vulnerable communities.","start":10964.73,"end":10976.09,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":10964.73,"end":10965.21},{"text":"persistent","start":10965.53,"end":10966.17},{"text":"inequalities,","start":10966.17,"end":10966.97},{"text":"climate","start":10966.97,"end":10967.37},{"text":"change,","start":10967.37,"end":10967.73},{"text":"and","start":10967.77,"end":10968.17},{"text":"environmental","start":10968.17,"end":10969.05},{"text":"and","start":10969.05,"end":10969.21},{"text":"economical","start":10969.21,"end":10969.77},{"text":"shocks","start":10969.77,"end":10970.25},{"text":"continue","start":10970.25,"end":10970.89},{"text":"to","start":10970.89,"end":10970.97},{"text":"undermine","start":10970.97,"end":10971.53},{"text":"food","start":10971.69,"end":10972.01},{"text":"security,","start":10972.01,"end":10972.65},{"text":"particularly","start":10972.65,"end":10973.29},{"text":"in","start":10973.29,"end":10973.45},{"text":"developing","start":10973.45,"end":10973.93},{"text":"countries","start":10973.93,"end":10974.41},{"text":"and","start":10974.41,"end":10974.65},{"text":"vulnerable","start":10974.65,"end":10975.21},{"text":"communities.","start":10975.21,"end":10976.09}]},{"text":"Nepal's constitution guarantees the right to food, food security, and food sovereignty in accordance with law.","start":10977.05,"end":10986.01,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. 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They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":11035.81,"end":11036.09},{"text":"efforts","start":11036.09,"end":11036.61},{"text":"must","start":11036.61,"end":11036.93},{"text":"be","start":11036.93,"end":11037.05},{"text":"supported","start":11037.05,"end":11037.65},{"text":"by","start":11037.65,"end":11037.97},{"text":"enhanced","start":11038.21,"end":11038.77},{"text":"international","start":11038.77,"end":11039.41},{"text":"cooperation,","start":11039.41,"end":11040.13},{"text":"including","start":11040.45,"end":11041.17},{"text":"adequate","start":11041.17,"end":11041.65},{"text":"financial","start":11041.65,"end":11042.37},{"text":"and","start":11042.37,"end":11042.65},{"text":"technical","start":11042.65,"end":11043.09},{"text":"assistance.","start":11043.09,"end":11043.89}]},{"text":"Addressing food insecurity requires a human rights-based approach that addresses root causes, reduces inequalities, and prioritizes the most vulnerable.","start":11044.77,"end":11055.33,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":11044.77,"end":11045.33},{"text":"food","start":11045.57,"end":11045.97},{"text":"insecurity","start":11045.97,"end":11046.77},{"text":"requires","start":11046.77,"end":11047.41},{"text":"a","start":11047.41,"end":11047.49},{"text":"human","start":11047.49,"end":11047.89},{"text":"rights-based","start":11047.89,"end":11048.53},{"text":"approach","start":11048.53,"end":11049.01},{"text":"that","start":11049.33,"end":11049.65},{"text":"addresses","start":11049.65,"end":11050.37},{"text":"root","start":11050.77,"end":11051.01},{"text":"causes,","start":11051.01,"end":11051.65},{"text":"reduces","start":11052.05,"end":11052.61},{"text":"inequalities,","start":11052.61,"end":11053.33},{"text":"and","start":11053.33,"end":11053.53},{"text":"prioritizes","start":11053.53,"end":11054.21},{"text":"the","start":11054.21,"end":11054.37},{"text":"most","start":11054.37,"end":11054.69},{"text":"vulnerable.","start":11054.69,"end":11055.33}]},{"text":"The right to adequate food must be recognized as a fundamental human right, not merely a development aspiration.","start":11055.81,"end":11062.85,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Hunger","start":11114.57,"end":11115.05},{"text":"amid","start":11115.73,"end":11116.09},{"text":"abundance","start":11116.17,"end":11116.81},{"text":"is","start":11116.97,"end":11117.13},{"text":"a","start":11117.13,"end":11117.17},{"text":"failure","start":11117.17,"end":11117.69},{"text":"of","start":11117.77,"end":11117.89},{"text":"distribution,","start":11117.89,"end":11118.57},{"text":"rooted","start":11118.73,"end":11119.05},{"text":"in","start":11119.05,"end":11119.21},{"text":"inequalities,","start":11119.21,"end":11119.93},{"text":"debt,","start":11120.33,"end":11120.73},{"text":"and","start":11120.97,"end":11121.17},{"text":"trade","start":11121.17,"end":11121.37},{"text":"distortions,","start":11121.37,"end":11122.01},{"text":"and","start":11122.01,"end":11122.21},{"text":"deepened","start":11122.21,"end":11122.65},{"text":"by","start":11123.05,"end":11123.21},{"text":"climate","start":11123.21,"end":11123.57},{"text":"change,","start":11123.57,"end":11123.93},{"text":"which","start":11124.01,"end":11124.21},{"text":"destroys","start":11124.21,"end":11124.97},{"text":"harvests.","start":11125.05,"end":11125.77}]},{"text":"Eradicating hunger, therefore, is a core obligation under the Declaration and a prerequisite for all rights.","start":11126.25,"end":11133.57,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Eradicating","start":11126.25,"end":11126.89},{"text":"hunger,","start":11126.89,"end":11127.37},{"text":"therefore,","start":11127.93,"end":11128.33},{"text":"is","start":11128.41,"end":11128.57},{"text":"a","start":11128.57,"end":11128.65},{"text":"core","start":11128.65,"end":11129.01},{"text":"obligation","start":11129.01,"end":11129.69},{"text":"under","start":11130.21,"end":11130.37},{"text":"the","start":11130.37,"end":11130.45},{"text":"Declaration","start":11130.45,"end":11131.17},{"text":"and","start":11131.33,"end":11131.53},{"text":"a","start":11131.53,"end":11131.57},{"text":"prerequisite","start":11131.57,"end":11132.53},{"text":"for","start":11132.77,"end":11133.01},{"text":"all","start":11133.01,"end":11133.09},{"text":"rights.","start":11133.09,"end":11133.57}]},{"text":"Those who contributed least to climate change suffer most from its assault on food.","start":11133.97,"end":11140.13,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Those","start":11133.97,"end":11134.25},{"text":"who","start":11134.25,"end":11134.37},{"text":"contributed","start":11134.37,"end":11135.09},{"text":"least","start":11135.17,"end":11135.81},{"text":"to","start":11136.29,"end":11136.37},{"text":"climate","start":11136.37,"end":11136.73},{"text":"change","start":11136.73,"end":11137.09},{"text":"suffer","start":11137.17,"end":11137.69},{"text":"most","start":11137.69,"end":11138.13},{"text":"from","start":11138.53,"end":11138.77},{"text":"its","start":11138.77,"end":11138.93},{"text":"assault","start":11138.93,"end":11139.49},{"text":"on","start":11139.57,"end":11139.73},{"text":"food.","start":11139.73,"end":11140.13}]},{"text":"Nepal's recent floods claimed hundreds of lives.","start":11140.45,"end":11143.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nepal's","start":11140.45,"end":11141.09},{"text":"recent","start":11141.09,"end":11141.61},{"text":"floods","start":11141.61,"end":11141.97},{"text":"claimed","start":11141.97,"end":11142.45},{"text":"hundreds","start":11142.85,"end":11143.29},{"text":"of","start":11143.29,"end":11143.37},{"text":"lives.","start":11143.37,"end":11143.81}]},{"text":"Pakistan's own 2022 floods affected over 33 million people, destroyed crops across millions of acres, and caused losses exceeding 30 billion US dollars.","start":11144.13,"end":11155.01,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan's","start":11144.13,"end":11144.93},{"text":"own","start":11144.93,"end":11145.25},{"text":"2022","start":11145.41,"end":11145.97},{"text":"floods","start":11145.97,"end":11146.37},{"text":"affected","start":11146.37,"end":11146.85},{"text":"over","start":11146.85,"end":11147.09},{"text":"33","start":11147.09,"end":11147.65},{"text":"million","start":11147.65,"end":11147.97},{"text":"people,","start":11147.97,"end":11148.37},{"text":"destroyed","start":11148.69,"end":11149.17},{"text":"crops","start":11149.17,"end":11149.57},{"text":"across","start":11149.57,"end":11150.05},{"text":"millions","start":11150.05,"end":11150.41},{"text":"of","start":11150.41,"end":11150.53},{"text":"acres,","start":11150.53,"end":11151.01},{"text":"and","start":11151.33,"end":11151.57},{"text":"caused","start":11151.57,"end":11152.05},{"text":"losses","start":11152.13,"end":11152.61},{"text":"exceeding","start":11152.61,"end":11153.25},{"text":"30","start":11153.81,"end":11154.13},{"text":"billion","start":11154.13,"end":11154.45},{"text":"US","start":11154.49,"end":11154.61},{"text":"dollars.","start":11154.61,"end":11155.01}]},{"text":"Water Madam Chair, is the lifeline of food production, yet it is being weaponized.","start":11155.33,"end":11162.49,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Water","start":11155.33,"end":11155.89},{"text":"Madam","start":11157.13,"end":11157.33},{"text":"Chair,","start":11157.33,"end":11157.69},{"text":"is","start":11158.01,"end":11158.17},{"text":"the","start":11158.17,"end":11158.25},{"text":"lifeline","start":11158.25,"end":11158.97},{"text":"of","start":11159.21,"end":11159.29},{"text":"food","start":11159.29,"end":11159.53},{"text":"production,","start":11159.53,"end":11160.09},{"text":"yet","start":11160.41,"end":11160.89},{"text":"it","start":11161.29,"end":11161.45},{"text":"is","start":11161.45,"end":11161.53},{"text":"being","start":11161.53,"end":11161.81},{"text":"weaponized.","start":11161.81,"end":11162.49}]},{"text":"In Palestine, Israel is using water as a weapon of war to starve Palestinians, as the Special Rapporteur on Water and Sanitation has rightly identified in the context of Israel's illegal genocidal war.","start":11162.65,"end":11176.25,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":11162.65,"end":11162.81},{"text":"Palestine,","start":11162.81,"end":11163.45},{"text":"Israel","start":11163.85,"end":11164.33},{"text":"is","start":11164.33,"end":11164.49},{"text":"using","start":11164.49,"end":11164.89},{"text":"water","start":11164.89,"end":11165.37},{"text":"as","start":11165.37,"end":11165.53},{"text":"a","start":11165.53,"end":11165.61},{"text":"weapon","start":11165.61,"end":11165.93},{"text":"of","start":11165.93,"end":11166.13},{"text":"war","start":11166.13,"end":11166.49},{"text":"to","start":11166.81,"end":11166.93},{"text":"starve","start":11166.93,"end":11167.29},{"text":"Palestinians,","start":11167.29,"end":11168.17},{"text":"as","start":11168.41,"end":11168.65},{"text":"the","start":11168.65,"end":11168.73},{"text":"Special","start":11168.73,"end":11169.09},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":11169.09,"end":11169.61},{"text":"on","start":11169.61,"end":11169.77},{"text":"Water","start":11169.77,"end":11170.09},{"text":"and","start":11170.09,"end":11170.21},{"text":"Sanitation","start":11170.21,"end":11170.81},{"text":"has","start":11171.05,"end":11171.29},{"text":"rightly","start":11171.29,"end":11171.65},{"text":"identified","start":11171.65,"end":11172.25},{"text":"in","start":11172.41,"end":11172.57},{"text":"the","start":11172.57,"end":11172.69},{"text":"context","start":11172.69,"end":11173.17},{"text":"of","start":11173.17,"end":11173.29},{"text":"Israel's","start":11173.29,"end":11174.01},{"text":"illegal","start":11174.01,"end":11174.73},{"text":"genocidal","start":11174.81,"end":11175.61},{"text":"war.","start":11175.77,"end":11176.25}]},{"text":"We expect the international community to unequivocally reject such approaches.","start":11176.81,"end":11182.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11176.81,"end":11176.93},{"text":"expect","start":11176.93,"end":11177.53},{"text":"the","start":11177.81,"end":11177.89},{"text":"international","start":11177.89,"end":11178.37},{"text":"community","start":11178.37,"end":11178.89},{"text":"to","start":11179.21,"end":11179.37},{"text":"unequivocally","start":11179.37,"end":11180.49},{"text":"reject","start":11181.21,"end":11181.61},{"text":"such","start":11181.61,"end":11181.77},{"text":"approaches.","start":11181.77,"end":11182.41}]},{"text":"For Pakistan, a country of over 240 million people, Where agriculture sustains the livelihoods of over 100 million people, water is existential.","start":11182.65,"end":11193.09,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":11182.65,"end":11182.77},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":11182.77,"end":11183.37},{"text":"a","start":11183.93,"end":11183.97},{"text":"country","start":11183.97,"end":11184.33},{"text":"of","start":11184.33,"end":11184.49},{"text":"over","start":11184.57,"end":11184.77},{"text":"240","start":11184.77,"end":11185.61},{"text":"million","start":11185.69,"end":11186.17},{"text":"people,","start":11186.17,"end":11186.57},{"text":"Where","start":11187.05,"end":11187.25},{"text":"agriculture","start":11187.25,"end":11188.05},{"text":"sustains","start":11188.29,"end":11189.01},{"text":"the","start":11189.01,"end":11189.17},{"text":"livelihoods","start":11189.17,"end":11189.85},{"text":"of","start":11189.85,"end":11189.97},{"text":"over","start":11189.97,"end":11190.13},{"text":"100","start":11190.13,"end":11190.65},{"text":"million","start":11190.65,"end":11190.93},{"text":"people,","start":11190.93,"end":11191.33},{"text":"water","start":11191.57,"end":11192.13},{"text":"is","start":11192.21,"end":11192.45},{"text":"existential.","start":11192.45,"end":11193.09}]},{"text":"Our rivers are transboundary, yet a neighbor openly declares it will restrict their water flows in violation of its treaty obligations, threatening millions downstream.","start":11193.57,"end":11207.41,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":11193.57,"end":11193.77},{"text":"rivers","start":11193.77,"end":11194.21},{"text":"are","start":11194.21,"end":11194.29},{"text":"transboundary,","start":11194.29,"end":11195.09},{"text":"yet","start":11195.25,"end":11195.89},{"text":"a","start":11197.57,"end":11197.61},{"text":"neighbor","start":11197.61,"end":11198.05},{"text":"openly","start":11198.69,"end":11199.09},{"text":"declares","start":11199.09,"end":11199.81},{"text":"it","start":11200.05,"end":11200.25},{"text":"will","start":11200.25,"end":11200.41},{"text":"restrict","start":11200.41,"end":11201.09},{"text":"their","start":11201.33,"end":11201.57},{"text":"water","start":11201.57,"end":11201.85},{"text":"flows","start":11201.85,"end":11202.29},{"text":"in","start":11202.69,"end":11202.85},{"text":"violation","start":11202.85,"end":11203.57},{"text":"of","start":11204.05,"end":11204.17},{"text":"its","start":11204.17,"end":11204.33},{"text":"treaty","start":11204.33,"end":11204.61},{"text":"obligations,","start":11204.61,"end":11205.25},{"text":"threatening","start":11205.29,"end":11205.89},{"text":"millions","start":11206.29,"end":11206.85},{"text":"downstream.","start":11206.85,"end":11207.41}]},{"text":"If shared waters can be withheld at will, what remains of international agreements and the cooperation meant to safeguard food security and access to food.","start":11207.81,"end":11217.57,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":11207.81,"end":11207.97},{"text":"shared","start":11207.97,"end":11208.29},{"text":"waters","start":11208.29,"end":11208.93},{"text":"can","start":11209.25,"end":11209.41},{"text":"be","start":11209.41,"end":11209.57},{"text":"withheld","start":11209.57,"end":11210.01},{"text":"at","start":11210.01,"end":11210.21},{"text":"will,","start":11210.21,"end":11210.53},{"text":"what","start":11210.89,"end":11211.17},{"text":"remains","start":11211.17,"end":11211.81},{"text":"of","start":11212.13,"end":11212.21},{"text":"international","start":11212.21,"end":11212.69},{"text":"agreements","start":11212.69,"end":11213.25},{"text":"and","start":11213.25,"end":11213.37},{"text":"the","start":11213.37,"end":11213.49},{"text":"cooperation","start":11213.49,"end":11214.21},{"text":"meant","start":11214.45,"end":11214.77},{"text":"to","start":11214.77,"end":11214.85},{"text":"safeguard","start":11214.85,"end":11215.49},{"text":"food","start":11215.49,"end":11215.69},{"text":"security","start":11215.69,"end":11216.37},{"text":"and","start":11216.81,"end":11216.89},{"text":"access","start":11216.89,"end":11217.17},{"text":"to","start":11217.17,"end":11217.29},{"text":"food.","start":11217.29,"end":11217.57}]},{"text":"Development demands, Madam Chair, genuine international cooperation, technology transfer, climate finance, and fair terms of trade.","start":11218.69,"end":11226.45,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":11218.69,"end":11219.25},{"text":"demands,","start":11219.25,"end":11219.89},{"text":"Madam","start":11220.21,"end":11220.45},{"text":"Chair,","start":11220.45,"end":11220.85},{"text":"genuine","start":11220.93,"end":11221.29},{"text":"international","start":11221.29,"end":11221.77},{"text":"cooperation,","start":11221.77,"end":11222.45},{"text":"technology","start":11222.69,"end":11223.17},{"text":"transfer,","start":11223.17,"end":11223.81},{"text":"climate","start":11224.01,"end":11224.37},{"text":"finance,","start":11224.37,"end":11224.85},{"text":"and","start":11225.09,"end":11225.33},{"text":"fair","start":11225.33,"end":11225.57},{"text":"terms","start":11225.57,"end":11225.97},{"text":"of","start":11225.97,"end":11226.05},{"text":"trade.","start":11226.05,"end":11226.45}]},{"text":"Yet some countries preach universal values while withholding the means to realize them.","start":11226.69,"end":11232.13,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":11226.69,"end":11226.93},{"text":"some","start":11226.93,"end":11227.17},{"text":"countries","start":11227.17,"end":11227.81},{"text":"preach","start":11228.21,"end":11228.53},{"text":"universal","start":11228.53,"end":11229.09},{"text":"values","start":11229.09,"end":11229.57},{"text":"while","start":11229.73,"end":11230.17},{"text":"withholding","start":11230.29,"end":11230.93},{"text":"the","start":11230.93,"end":11231.01},{"text":"means","start":11231.01,"end":11231.41},{"text":"to","start":11231.41,"end":11231.53},{"text":"realize","start":11231.53,"end":11231.93},{"text":"them.","start":11231.93,"end":11232.13}]},{"text":"At this Council, the Human Rights Council's previous session, the 63rd session, some countries questioned the need for a resolution on children's nutrition, as if eradicating hunger are secondary to civil and political rights.","start":11232.37,"end":11247.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":11232.37,"end":11232.53},{"text":"this","start":11232.53,"end":11232.77},{"text":"Council,","start":11232.77,"end":11233.33},{"text":"the","start":11233.89,"end":11233.97},{"text":"Human","start":11233.97,"end":11234.21},{"text":"Rights","start":11234.21,"end":11234.41},{"text":"Council's","start":11234.41,"end":11234.85},{"text":"previous","start":11234.85,"end":11235.13},{"text":"session,","start":11235.13,"end":11235.57},{"text":"the","start":11235.73,"end":11235.85},{"text":"63rd","start":11235.85,"end":11236.37},{"text":"session,","start":11236.37,"end":11236.85},{"text":"some","start":11237.33,"end":11237.49},{"text":"countries","start":11237.49,"end":11237.97},{"text":"questioned","start":11237.97,"end":11238.57},{"text":"the","start":11239.17,"end":11239.33},{"text":"need","start":11239.33,"end":11239.61},{"text":"for","start":11239.61,"end":11239.81},{"text":"a","start":11239.81,"end":11239.85},{"text":"resolution","start":11239.85,"end":11240.53},{"text":"on","start":11241.09,"end":11241.25},{"text":"children's","start":11241.25,"end":11241.85},{"text":"nutrition,","start":11241.89,"end":11242.69},{"text":"as","start":11243.25,"end":11243.49},{"text":"if","start":11243.49,"end":11243.65},{"text":"eradicating","start":11243.73,"end":11244.45},{"text":"hunger","start":11244.45,"end":11245.01},{"text":"are","start":11245.53,"end":11245.61},{"text":"secondary","start":11245.61,"end":11246.17},{"text":"to","start":11246.17,"end":11246.29},{"text":"civil","start":11246.33,"end":11246.81},{"text":"and","start":11246.81,"end":11246.93},{"text":"political","start":11246.93,"end":11247.37},{"text":"rights.","start":11247.37,"end":11247.61}]},{"text":"We have said this time and again: there can be no hierarchy of rights.","start":11247.61,"end":11250.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11247.61,"end":11247.73},{"text":"have","start":11247.73,"end":11247.85},{"text":"said","start":11247.85,"end":11248.01},{"text":"this","start":11248.01,"end":11248.17},{"text":"time","start":11248.17,"end":11248.37},{"text":"and","start":11248.37,"end":11248.49},{"text":"again:","start":11248.49,"end":11248.73},{"text":"there","start":11248.97,"end":11249.13},{"text":"can","start":11249.13,"end":11249.29},{"text":"be","start":11249.29,"end":11249.37},{"text":"no","start":11249.37,"end":11249.57},{"text":"hierarchy","start":11249.57,"end":11250.01},{"text":"of","start":11250.01,"end":11250.09},{"text":"rights.","start":11250.09,"end":11250.65}]},{"text":"All human rights are indivisible, interdependent, and interrelated.","start":11251.21,"end":11255.61,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":11251.21,"end":11251.41},{"text":"human","start":11251.41,"end":11251.69},{"text":"rights","start":11251.69,"end":11252.17},{"text":"are","start":11252.57,"end":11252.69},{"text":"indivisible,","start":11252.73,"end":11253.45},{"text":"interdependent,","start":11253.53,"end":11254.41},{"text":"and","start":11254.65,"end":11254.81},{"text":"interrelated.","start":11254.81,"end":11255.61}]},{"text":"Pakistan calls for meaningful action, not rhetoric.","start":11256.01,"end":11258.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan","start":11256.01,"end":11256.57},{"text":"calls","start":11256.57,"end":11256.85},{"text":"for","start":11256.85,"end":11256.97},{"text":"meaningful","start":11256.97,"end":11257.41},{"text":"action,","start":11257.41,"end":11257.85},{"text":"not","start":11258.01,"end":11258.33},{"text":"rhetoric.","start":11258.33,"end":11258.89}]},{"text":"In this context, we emphasize respect for treaties and international law, and sanctions outside the UN Charter, deliver debt relief, predictable financing, and adaptation support.","start":11259.69,"end":11270.97,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11288.57,"end":11288.77},{"text":"right","start":11288.97,"end":11289.65},{"text":"to","start":11289.65,"end":11289.85},{"text":"adequate","start":11289.85,"end":11290.33},{"text":"food","start":11290.33,"end":11290.73},{"text":"is","start":11290.73,"end":11290.89},{"text":"a","start":11290.89,"end":11290.93},{"text":"fundamental","start":11290.93,"end":11291.45},{"text":"human","start":11291.45,"end":11291.77},{"text":"right","start":11291.77,"end":11292.17},{"text":"and","start":11292.17,"end":11292.69},{"text":"an","start":11293.01,"end":11293.21},{"text":"essential","start":11293.21,"end":11293.85},{"text":"pillar","start":11293.85,"end":11294.41},{"text":"of","start":11294.69,"end":11294.97},{"text":"human","start":11295.05,"end":11295.45},{"text":"dignity","start":11295.45,"end":11296.01},{"text":"and","start":11296.01,"end":11296.21},{"text":"the","start":11296.21,"end":11296.29},{"text":"right","start":11296.29,"end":11296.53},{"text":"to","start":11296.53,"end":11296.61},{"text":"development.","start":11296.61,"end":11297.21}]},{"text":"The State of Qatar's experience in strengthening food security provides a valuable basis For sharing expertise, it encompasses the National Food Security Strategy 2030, legislation governing strategic food reserves and food safety, the expansion of farms and green houses, and the development of livestock production and aquaculture, thereby enhancing self-reliance and the sustainability of food supplies.","start":11297.61,"end":11322.65,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."}],"words":[{"text":"Qatar","start":11322.65,"end":11323.05},{"text":"has","start":11323.05,"end":11323.29},{"text":"also","start":11323.29,"end":11323.65},{"text":"strengthened","start":11323.69,"end":11324.33},{"text":"international","start":11324.81,"end":11325.29},{"text":"cooperation","start":11325.29,"end":11325.77},{"text":"by","start":11325.77,"end":11325.89},{"text":"hosting","start":11325.89,"end":11326.41},{"text":"specialized","start":11327.21,"end":11327.69},{"text":"conferences,","start":11327.69,"end":11328.49},{"text":"notably","start":11328.73,"end":11329.25},{"text":"the","start":11329.25,"end":11329.33},{"text":"Ministerial","start":11329.33,"end":11329.77},{"text":"Conference","start":11329.77,"end":11330.25},{"text":"of","start":11330.25,"end":11330.41},{"text":"the","start":11330.41,"end":11330.49},{"text":"OIC","start":11330.65,"end":11331.37},{"text":"on","start":11331.37,"end":11331.53},{"text":"Food","start":11331.53,"end":11331.81},{"text":"Security","start":11331.81,"end":11332.33},{"text":"and","start":11332.33,"end":11332.53},{"text":"Agricultural","start":11332.53,"end":11333.13},{"text":"Development,","start":11333.13,"end":11333.77},{"text":"and","start":11334.17,"end":11334.29},{"text":"the","start":11334.29,"end":11334.37},{"text":"Second","start":11334.41,"end":11334.65},{"text":"High-Level","start":11334.73,"end":11335.21},{"text":"Forum","start":11335.29,"end":11335.85},{"text":"of","start":11335.85,"end":11336.09},{"text":"the","start":11336.09,"end":11336.21},{"text":"Islamic","start":11336.65,"end":11337.13},{"text":"Organization","start":11337.53,"end":11338.13},{"text":"for","start":11338.13,"end":11338.33},{"text":"Food","start":11338.33,"end":11338.53},{"text":"Security","start":11338.53,"end":11339.05},{"text":"in","start":11339.05,"end":11339.29},{"text":"2023,","start":11339.29,"end":11340.25},{"text":"and","start":11340.25,"end":11340.37},{"text":"the","start":11340.37,"end":11340.45},{"text":"International","start":11340.45,"end":11340.93},{"text":"Conference","start":11340.93,"end":11341.45},{"text":"on","start":11341.69,"end":11341.85},{"text":"Water,","start":11341.85,"end":11342.17},{"text":"Food","start":11342.17,"end":11342.41},{"text":"Security,","start":11342.41,"end":11342.85},{"text":"and","start":11342.85,"end":11343.01},{"text":"Climate","start":11343.01,"end":11343.29},{"text":"Change","start":11343.29,"end":11343.69},{"text":"in","start":11343.69,"end":11343.93},{"text":"2025.","start":11343.93,"end":11345.05}]},{"text":"Guided by its mandate to promote and protect human rights, monitor the human rights situation, receive complaints, and make recommendations, the National Human Rights Committee emphasizes the need to ensure that everyone has access to adequate, safe, and affordable food without discrimination, with particular attention to groups in the most vulnerable situations.","start":11346.17,"end":11371.45,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Guided","start":11346.17,"end":11346.57},{"text":"by","start":11346.57,"end":11346.85},{"text":"its","start":11346.85,"end":11347.13},{"text":"mandate","start":11347.13,"end":11347.81},{"text":"to","start":11347.81,"end":11347.93},{"text":"promote","start":11347.93,"end":11348.57},{"text":"and","start":11348.57,"end":11348.73},{"text":"protect","start":11350.01,"end":11350.89},{"text":"human","start":11350.89,"end":11351.17},{"text":"rights,","start":11351.17,"end":11351.61},{"text":"monitor","start":11351.61,"end":11352.17},{"text":"the","start":11352.17,"end":11352.29},{"text":"human","start":11352.33,"end":11352.69},{"text":"rights","start":11352.69,"end":11352.85},{"text":"situation,","start":11352.85,"end":11353.45},{"text":"receive","start":11353.45,"end":11354.09},{"text":"complaints,","start":11354.09,"end":11355.05},{"text":"and","start":11355.65,"end":11355.97},{"text":"make","start":11356.05,"end":11356.37},{"text":"recommendations,","start":11356.37,"end":11357.17},{"text":"the","start":11357.17,"end":11357.25},{"text":"National","start":11357.57,"end":11358.13},{"text":"Human","start":11358.13,"end":11358.45},{"text":"Rights","start":11358.45,"end":11358.77},{"text":"Committee","start":11358.77,"end":11359.37},{"text":"emphasizes","start":11359.37,"end":11360.17},{"text":"the","start":11360.29,"end":11360.49},{"text":"need","start":11360.53,"end":11360.85},{"text":"to","start":11361.25,"end":11361.49},{"text":"ensure","start":11361.53,"end":11362.05},{"text":"that","start":11362.05,"end":11362.29},{"text":"everyone","start":11362.29,"end":11363.01},{"text":"has","start":11363.01,"end":11363.33},{"text":"access","start":11363.33,"end":11363.65},{"text":"to","start":11363.65,"end":11363.81},{"text":"adequate,","start":11363.81,"end":11364.37},{"text":"safe,","start":11364.37,"end":11364.77},{"text":"and","start":11364.77,"end":11364.97},{"text":"affordable","start":11364.97,"end":11365.45},{"text":"food","start":11365.45,"end":11365.73},{"text":"without","start":11365.73,"end":11365.97},{"text":"discrimination,","start":11365.97,"end":11366.77},{"text":"with","start":11367.33,"end":11367.49},{"text":"particular","start":11367.49,"end":11368.05},{"text":"attention","start":11368.05,"end":11368.45},{"text":"to","start":11368.45,"end":11368.77},{"text":"groups","start":11368.93,"end":11369.49},{"text":"in","start":11369.49,"end":11369.65},{"text":"the","start":11369.65,"end":11369.77},{"text":"most","start":11369.81,"end":11370.09},{"text":"vulnerable","start":11370.09,"end":11370.53},{"text":"situations.","start":11370.53,"end":11371.45}]},{"text":"monitoring the challenges that impede the enjoyment of this right.","start":11372.25,"end":11376.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"monitoring","start":11372.25,"end":11372.89},{"text":"the","start":11373.13,"end":11373.21},{"text":"challenges","start":11373.21,"end":11373.77},{"text":"that","start":11373.77,"end":11374.09},{"text":"impede","start":11374.09,"end":11374.49},{"text":"the","start":11374.49,"end":11374.69},{"text":"enjoyment","start":11374.69,"end":11375.29},{"text":"of","start":11375.33,"end":11375.49},{"text":"this","start":11375.49,"end":11375.69},{"text":"right.","start":11375.69,"end":11376.01}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"At the.","start":11376.33,"end":11376.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":11376.33,"end":11376.53},{"text":"the.","start":11376.53,"end":11376.65}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"National level, the State of Qatar's partnership with the United Nations agencies, including the WFP and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, support responses to food crises.","start":11377.05,"end":11388.65,"topics":[{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. 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must Note here the recommendations and statements, and these should be included in your report.","start":11454.97,"end":11464.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11454.97,"end":11455.21},{"text":"must","start":11455.21,"end":11456.17},{"text":"Note","start":11456.93,"end":11457.41},{"text":"here","start":11457.41,"end":11457.97},{"text":"the","start":11457.97,"end":11458.13},{"text":"recommendations","start":11458.13,"end":11459.33},{"text":"and","start":11459.33,"end":11459.49},{"text":"statements,","start":11459.49,"end":11460.21},{"text":"and","start":11461.01,"end":11461.57},{"text":"these","start":11461.65,"end":11461.93},{"text":"should","start":11461.93,"end":11462.13},{"text":"be","start":11462.13,"end":11462.29},{"text":"included","start":11462.29,"end":11462.85},{"text":"in","start":11462.85,"end":11463.09},{"text":"your","start":11463.09,"end":11463.29},{"text":"report.","start":11463.29,"end":11464.13}]},{"text":"We are celebrating the 40th anniversary of the UN 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"16","start":11489.49,"end":11490.45},{"text":"million","start":11490.61,"end":11491.25},{"text":"people","start":11491.25,"end":11492.05},{"text":"suffer","start":11493.49,"end":11494.45},{"text":"also,","start":11497.73,"end":11498.37},{"text":"and","start":11498.61,"end":11499.01},{"text":"every","start":11499.01,"end":11499.33},{"text":"minute","start":11499.33,"end":11499.73},{"text":"six","start":11499.73,"end":11500.13},{"text":"children","start":11500.13,"end":11500.77},{"text":"die","start":11500.77,"end":11501.41},{"text":"from","start":11501.89,"end":11502.21},{"text":"hunger.","start":11502.21,"end":11502.77}]},{"text":"There are many challenges limiting the right to development and the right to the life of populations, especially in vulnerable areas.","start":11503.49,"end":11515.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":11503.49,"end":11503.77},{"text":"are","start":11503.77,"end":11503.97},{"text":"many","start":11503.97,"end":11504.33},{"text":"challenges","start":11504.33,"end":11505.09},{"text":"limiting","start":11505.09,"end":11505.81},{"text":"the","start":11506.05,"end":11506.17},{"text":"right","start":11506.17,"end":11506.65},{"text":"to","start":11506.65,"end":11506.73},{"text":"development","start":11506.73,"end":11507.45},{"text":"and","start":11507.45,"end":11507.61},{"text":"the","start":11507.61,"end":11507.73},{"text":"right","start":11507.73,"end":11508.33},{"text":"to","start":11508.33,"end":11508.45},{"text":"the","start":11510.65,"end":11510.69},{"text":"life","start":11510.69,"end":11511.29},{"text":"of","start":11511.69,"end":11512.25},{"text":"populations,","start":11512.33,"end":11513.13},{"text":"especially","start":11513.13,"end":11513.61},{"text":"in","start":11513.61,"end":11513.77},{"text":"vulnerable","start":11513.77,"end":11514.41},{"text":"areas.","start":11514.57,"end":11515.13}]},{"text":"That's because there are challenges stemming from economic global circumstances, inter alia, that are affecting vulnerable communities.","start":11515.13,"end":11527.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":11515.13,"end":11515.41},{"text":"because","start":11515.41,"end":11516.01},{"text":"there","start":11516.01,"end":11516.41},{"text":"are","start":11516.41,"end":11516.77},{"text":"challenges","start":11516.77,"end":11517.77},{"text":"stemming","start":11519.53,"end":11520.41},{"text":"from","start":11521.05,"end":11521.69},{"text":"economic","start":11521.97,"end":11522.53},{"text":"global","start":11522.53,"end":11522.93},{"text":"circumstances,","start":11522.93,"end":11524.01},{"text":"inter","start":11524.01,"end":11524.53},{"text":"alia,","start":11524.53,"end":11524.81},{"text":"that","start":11524.81,"end":11525.13},{"text":"are","start":11525.13,"end":11525.29},{"text":"affecting","start":11525.29,"end":11525.85},{"text":"vulnerable","start":11525.85,"end":11526.33},{"text":"communities.","start":11526.33,"end":11527.13}]},{"text":"But we also need to speak of the challenges stemming from human practices, armed groups, for example.","start":11527.53,"end":11536.73,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":11527.53,"end":11527.69},{"text":"we","start":11527.69,"end":11527.93},{"text":"also","start":11527.93,"end":11528.33},{"text":"need","start":11528.33,"end":11528.57},{"text":"to","start":11528.57,"end":11528.69},{"text":"speak","start":11528.69,"end":11529.21},{"text":"of","start":11529.21,"end":11529.45},{"text":"the","start":11529.45,"end":11529.61},{"text":"challenges","start":11529.61,"end":11530.29},{"text":"stemming","start":11530.29,"end":11530.89},{"text":"from","start":11530.89,"end":11531.37},{"text":"human","start":11532.09,"end":11532.61},{"text":"practices,","start":11532.61,"end":11533.69},{"text":"armed","start":11534.25,"end":11534.65},{"text":"groups,","start":11534.65,"end":11535.45},{"text":"for","start":11535.69,"end":11535.93},{"text":"example.","start":11535.93,"end":11536.73}]},{"text":"and stemming from the practices of certain commercial companies.","start":11538.65,"end":11545.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":11538.65,"end":11538.93},{"text":"stemming","start":11538.93,"end":11539.37},{"text":"from","start":11539.37,"end":11539.61},{"text":"the","start":11539.61,"end":11539.69},{"text":"practices","start":11539.69,"end":11540.29},{"text":"of","start":11540.29,"end":11540.37},{"text":"certain","start":11540.37,"end":11541.13},{"text":"commercial","start":11541.45,"end":11542.33},{"text":"companies.","start":11544.33,"end":11545.21}]},{"text":"The right to food is an inalienable right, it's a fundamental human right.","start":11545.61,"end":11553.29,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11545.61,"end":11545.81},{"text":"right","start":11545.81,"end":11546.37},{"text":"to","start":11546.37,"end":11546.45},{"text":"food","start":11546.45,"end":11547.21},{"text":"is","start":11547.21,"end":11547.45},{"text":"an","start":11547.45,"end":11547.61},{"text":"inalienable","start":11547.61,"end":11548.49},{"text":"right,","start":11548.49,"end":11549.13},{"text":"it's","start":11550.17,"end":11550.57},{"text":"a","start":11550.57,"end":11550.65},{"text":"fundamental","start":11551.21,"end":11552.25},{"text":"human","start":11552.25,"end":11552.73},{"text":"right.","start":11552.73,"end":11553.29}]},{"text":"We cannot speak of sustainable development or food security separately.","start":11553.85,"end":11563.93,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11553.85,"end":11554.09},{"text":"cannot","start":11554.09,"end":11554.73},{"text":"speak","start":11554.73,"end":11555.17},{"text":"of","start":11555.17,"end":11555.29},{"text":"sustainable","start":11555.29,"end":11555.93},{"text":"development","start":11555.93,"end":11557.05},{"text":"or","start":11557.69,"end":11557.97},{"text":"food","start":11558.09,"end":11558.81},{"text":"security","start":11558.81,"end":11559.93},{"text":"separately.","start":11563.13,"end":11563.93}]},{"text":"We have to note challenges such as obstacles or establishing dams without consultation of the country concerned.","start":11563.93,"end":11579.81,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11563.93,"end":11564.17},{"text":"have","start":11564.17,"end":11564.49},{"text":"to","start":11564.49,"end":11564.69},{"text":"note","start":11564.69,"end":11565.13},{"text":"challenges","start":11565.13,"end":11565.81},{"text":"such","start":11565.81,"end":11566.41},{"text":"as","start":11566.41,"end":11566.89},{"text":"obstacles","start":11570.05,"end":11571.25},{"text":"or","start":11571.49,"end":11572.05},{"text":"establishing","start":11572.45,"end":11573.57},{"text":"dams","start":11575.65,"end":11576.45},{"text":"without","start":11577.01,"end":11577.41},{"text":"consultation","start":11577.41,"end":11578.29},{"text":"of","start":11578.29,"end":11578.45},{"text":"the","start":11578.45,"end":11578.53},{"text":"country","start":11578.53,"end":11578.97},{"text":"concerned.","start":11578.97,"end":11579.81}]},{"text":"These affect food security and they threaten peace.","start":11580.53,"end":11584.13,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":11580.53,"end":11581.09},{"text":"affect","start":11581.09,"end":11581.65},{"text":"food","start":11581.65,"end":11581.89},{"text":"security","start":11581.89,"end":11582.53},{"text":"and","start":11582.53,"end":11582.73},{"text":"they","start":11582.73,"end":11582.85},{"text":"threaten","start":11582.85,"end":11583.57},{"text":"peace.","start":11583.57,"end":11584.13}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, the use of famine as a weapon of war is a reality that the state of Palestine is facing.","start":11585.09,"end":11597.57,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":11585.09,"end":11585.89},{"text":"and","start":11585.89,"end":11586.05},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":11586.05,"end":11586.93},{"text":"the","start":11588.93,"end":11589.13},{"text":"use","start":11589.13,"end":11589.57},{"text":"of","start":11589.57,"end":11589.65},{"text":"famine","start":11589.65,"end":11590.53},{"text":"as","start":11590.85,"end":11591.17},{"text":"a","start":11591.49,"end":11591.53},{"text":"weapon","start":11591.53,"end":11592.01},{"text":"of","start":11592.01,"end":11592.21},{"text":"war","start":11592.21,"end":11592.77},{"text":"is","start":11593.41,"end":11593.49},{"text":"a","start":11593.49,"end":11593.57},{"text":"reality","start":11593.57,"end":11594.53},{"text":"that","start":11594.53,"end":11594.77},{"text":"the","start":11594.77,"end":11594.89},{"text":"state","start":11595.41,"end":11595.85},{"text":"of","start":11595.85,"end":11595.97},{"text":"Palestine","start":11595.97,"end":11596.69},{"text":"is","start":11596.69,"end":11596.85},{"text":"facing.","start":11596.85,"end":11597.57}]},{"text":"The occupying power of Israel is not providing access to food.","start":11597.81,"end":11604.77,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11597.81,"end":11597.93},{"text":"occupying","start":11597.97,"end":11598.77},{"text":"power","start":11598.77,"end":11599.49},{"text":"of","start":11600.57,"end":11600.69},{"text":"Israel","start":11600.69,"end":11601.41},{"text":"is","start":11601.41,"end":11601.65},{"text":"not","start":11601.65,"end":11602.05},{"text":"providing","start":11602.85,"end":11603.41},{"text":"access","start":11603.41,"end":11603.81},{"text":"to","start":11603.81,"end":11603.93},{"text":"food.","start":11603.93,"end":11604.77}]},{"text":"They're destroying agricultural infrastructure, and this is hindering the right to development of the people of Palestine, while unilateral control of rivers is being seen, we see this in Egypt as well, and these are hindering the right to development due to the acts of certain armed groups.","start":11605.89,"end":11638.49,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."},{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":11605.89,"end":11606.21},{"text":"destroying","start":11606.29,"end":11607.65},{"text":"agricultural","start":11607.89,"end":11608.77},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":11608.77,"end":11609.65},{"text":"and","start":11609.65,"end":11609.93},{"text":"this","start":11609.93,"end":11610.37},{"text":"is","start":11610.37,"end":11610.53},{"text":"hindering","start":11610.53,"end":11611.17},{"text":"the","start":11611.17,"end":11611.25},{"text":"right","start":11611.25,"end":11611.69},{"text":"to","start":11611.69,"end":11611.77},{"text":"development","start":11611.77,"end":11612.37},{"text":"of","start":11612.37,"end":11612.45},{"text":"the","start":11612.45,"end":11612.61},{"text":"people","start":11612.61,"end":11613.01},{"text":"of","start":11613.01,"end":11613.09},{"text":"Palestine,","start":11613.09,"end":11614.13},{"text":"while","start":11614.77,"end":11616.05},{"text":"unilateral","start":11616.29,"end":11617.65},{"text":"control","start":11619.09,"end":11620.05},{"text":"of","start":11620.13,"end":11620.69},{"text":"rivers","start":11620.85,"end":11621.41},{"text":"is","start":11622.97,"end":11623.05},{"text":"being","start":11623.05,"end":11623.37},{"text":"seen,","start":11623.37,"end":11624.09},{"text":"we","start":11625.61,"end":11626.25},{"text":"see","start":11626.25,"end":11626.65},{"text":"this","start":11626.65,"end":11626.89},{"text":"in","start":11626.89,"end":11627.05},{"text":"Egypt","start":11627.05,"end":11627.53},{"text":"as","start":11627.53,"end":11627.69},{"text":"well,","start":11627.69,"end":11628.25},{"text":"and","start":11629.69,"end":11630.01},{"text":"these","start":11630.01,"end":11630.41},{"text":"are","start":11630.41,"end":11630.81},{"text":"hindering","start":11631.45,"end":11632.17},{"text":"the","start":11632.17,"end":11632.29},{"text":"right","start":11632.29,"end":11632.73},{"text":"to","start":11632.81,"end":11632.93},{"text":"development","start":11633.05,"end":11634.17},{"text":"due","start":11634.57,"end":11634.89},{"text":"to","start":11634.89,"end":11635.09},{"text":"the","start":11635.13,"end":11635.33},{"text":"acts","start":11635.33,"end":11635.61},{"text":"of","start":11636.25,"end":11636.57},{"text":"certain","start":11636.57,"end":11637.37},{"text":"armed","start":11637.37,"end":11637.77},{"text":"groups.","start":11637.77,"end":11638.49}]},{"text":"And their action is also impacting other countries.","start":11641.77,"end":11648.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11641.77,"end":11642.17},{"text":"their","start":11643.61,"end":11643.97},{"text":"action","start":11643.97,"end":11644.33},{"text":"is","start":11644.33,"end":11644.49},{"text":"also","start":11644.49,"end":11644.89},{"text":"impacting","start":11645.45,"end":11646.57},{"text":"other","start":11646.97,"end":11647.21},{"text":"countries.","start":11647.21,"end":11648.01}]},{"text":"We're seeing this around the world, hindering the implementation of the right to food.","start":11650.77,"end":11657.13,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":11650.77,"end":11650.89},{"text":"seeing","start":11650.89,"end":11651.25},{"text":"this","start":11651.25,"end":11651.45},{"text":"around","start":11651.45,"end":11651.81},{"text":"the","start":11651.81,"end":11651.89},{"text":"world,","start":11651.89,"end":11652.33},{"text":"hindering","start":11652.33,"end":11653.21},{"text":"the","start":11654.57,"end":11654.69},{"text":"implementation","start":11654.69,"end":11655.85},{"text":"of","start":11655.85,"end":11655.93},{"text":"the","start":11655.93,"end":11656.05},{"text":"right","start":11656.05,"end":11656.29},{"text":"to","start":11656.29,"end":11656.37},{"text":"food.","start":11656.41,"end":11657.13}]},{"text":"We're seeing the use of military force, also with respect to navigation, and this is affecting the right to food security and to food.","start":11658.49,"end":11670.25,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":11658.49,"end":11658.77},{"text":"seeing","start":11658.77,"end":11659.13},{"text":"the","start":11659.13,"end":11659.29},{"text":"use","start":11659.29,"end":11659.85},{"text":"of","start":11659.85,"end":11660.09},{"text":"military","start":11660.09,"end":11660.65},{"text":"force,","start":11660.65,"end":11661.53},{"text":"also","start":11663.45,"end":11663.89},{"text":"with","start":11663.89,"end":11664.09},{"text":"respect","start":11664.09,"end":11664.81},{"text":"to","start":11664.81,"end":11664.89},{"text":"navigation,","start":11664.97,"end":11666.01},{"text":"and","start":11666.01,"end":11666.17},{"text":"this","start":11666.17,"end":11666.33},{"text":"is","start":11666.33,"end":11666.49},{"text":"affecting","start":11666.49,"end":11667.05},{"text":"the","start":11667.05,"end":11667.13},{"text":"right","start":11667.13,"end":11667.49},{"text":"to","start":11667.49,"end":11667.57},{"text":"food","start":11667.57,"end":11667.93},{"text":"security","start":11667.93,"end":11668.89},{"text":"and","start":11669.33,"end":11669.53},{"text":"to","start":11669.53,"end":11669.61},{"text":"food.","start":11669.61,"end":11670.25}]},{"text":"It's threatening relationships between countries, and we're also seeing the impact of actions of other companies.","start":11671.05,"end":11683.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":11671.05,"end":11671.45},{"text":"threatening","start":11671.45,"end":11672.57},{"text":"relationships","start":11676.45,"end":11677.29},{"text":"between","start":11677.29,"end":11677.69},{"text":"countries,","start":11677.69,"end":11678.45},{"text":"and","start":11678.45,"end":11678.57},{"text":"we're","start":11678.57,"end":11678.77},{"text":"also","start":11678.77,"end":11679.05},{"text":"seeing","start":11679.09,"end":11679.37},{"text":"the","start":11679.37,"end":11679.49},{"text":"impact","start":11679.49,"end":11679.97},{"text":"of","start":11679.97,"end":11680.09},{"text":"actions","start":11680.09,"end":11680.81},{"text":"of","start":11680.89,"end":11681.05},{"text":"other","start":11681.45,"end":11681.93},{"text":"companies.","start":11682.33,"end":11683.29}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Member, Alliance Against Crime","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":76,"start":11686.49,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:14:47","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"In 10 seconds.","start":11686.49,"end":11687.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":11686.49,"end":11686.65},{"text":"10","start":11686.65,"end":11686.81},{"text":"seconds.","start":11686.81,"end":11687.37}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":77,"start":11687.81,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:14:48","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Just.","start":11687.81,"end":11688.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Just.","start":11687.81,"end":11688.05}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":78,"start":11688.81,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:14:49","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Okay.","start":11688.81,"end":11689.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Okay.","start":11688.81,"end":11689.01}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":79,"start":11692.33,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:14:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"So, we would recommend putting an immediate end to famine-related crimes as carried out by Israel in Palestine.","start":11692.33,"end":11710.81,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. 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They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11871.25,"end":11871.37},{"text":"incessant","start":11871.37,"end":11872.21},{"text":"attacks","start":11872.21,"end":11872.85},{"text":"and","start":11873.33,"end":11873.89},{"text":"raids","start":11873.89,"end":11874.77},{"text":"meted","start":11875.09,"end":11875.65},{"text":"upon","start":11875.65,"end":11876.29},{"text":"local","start":11877.17,"end":11877.65},{"text":"farmers","start":11877.65,"end":11878.45},{"text":"in","start":11878.69,"end":11878.93},{"text":"sub-Saharan","start":11878.93,"end":11879.81},{"text":"areas","start":11879.81,"end":11880.49},{"text":"of","start":11880.49,"end":11880.69},{"text":"Africa","start":11880.69,"end":11881.33},{"text":"and","start":11881.73,"end":11882.37},{"text":"other","start":11882.53,"end":11882.85},{"text":"parts","start":11882.85,"end":11883.33},{"text":"of","start":11883.33,"end":11883.49},{"text":"the","start":11883.49,"end":11883.61},{"text":"world","start":11883.61,"end":11884.29},{"text":"is","start":11884.45,"end":11885.01},{"text":"an","start":11885.25,"end":11885.49},{"text":"obstruction","start":11885.49,"end":11886.45},{"text":"to","start":11886.69,"end":11886.85},{"text":"food","start":11886.85,"end":11887.33},{"text":"production.","start":11887.33,"end":11888.21}]},{"text":"The current database information about food insecurity and its impact around the world is alarming.","start":11889.21,"end":11897.81,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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line of action for systemic change must include policies that are constructed to promote human rights and enhance dignity and enforce 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Chair.","start":12035.69,"end":12036.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":12035.69,"end":12035.93},{"text":"you,","start":12035.93,"end":12036.09},{"text":"madam","start":12036.09,"end":12036.41},{"text":"Chair.","start":12036.41,"end":12036.73}]},{"text":"I am Arjit Sankey.","start":12037.05,"end":12038.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":12037.05,"end":12037.37},{"text":"am","start":12037.49,"end":12037.69},{"text":"Arjit","start":12037.77,"end":12038.17},{"text":"Sankey.","start":12038.17,"end":12038.57}]},{"text":"Today, I am just a 16-year-old.","start":12039.45,"end":12041.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":12039.45,"end":12039.85},{"text":"I","start":12040.17,"end":12040.41},{"text":"am","start":12040.41,"end":12040.65},{"text":"just","start":12040.65,"end":12040.85},{"text":"a","start":12040.85,"end":12040.89},{"text":"16-year-old.","start":12040.89,"end":12041.77}]},{"text":"I'm a 16-year-old with certain dreams, certain aspirations, and 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why is that?","start":12060.09,"end":12061.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":12060.09,"end":12060.49},{"text":"why","start":12060.73,"end":12061.13},{"text":"is","start":12061.13,"end":12061.29},{"text":"that?","start":12061.29,"end":12061.69}]},{"text":"Why did he have to make that compromise?","start":12062.17,"end":12064.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":12062.17,"end":12062.57},{"text":"did","start":12062.73,"end":12062.89},{"text":"he","start":12062.89,"end":12063.01},{"text":"have","start":12063.01,"end":12063.21},{"text":"to","start":12063.21,"end":12063.29},{"text":"make","start":12063.29,"end":12063.45},{"text":"that","start":12063.45,"end":12063.57},{"text":"compromise?","start":12063.57,"end":12064.33}]},{"text":"That is because he and millions of youth worldwide are stuck in a loop.","start":12065.05,"end":12070.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":12065.05,"end":12065.37},{"text":"is","start":12065.53,"end":12065.69},{"text":"because","start":12065.69,"end":12066.01},{"text":"he","start":12066.01,"end":12066.41},{"text":"and","start":12066.57,"end":12066.81},{"text":"millions","start":12066.81,"end":12067.25},{"text":"of","start":12067.25,"end":12067.37},{"text":"youth","start":12067.37,"end":12067.69},{"text":"worldwide","start":12068.01,"end":12068.61},{"text":"are","start":12068.89,"end":12068.97},{"text":"stuck","start":12068.97,"end":12069.45},{"text":"in","start":12069.45,"end":12069.61},{"text":"a","start":12069.61,"end":12069.69},{"text":"loop.","start":12069.69,"end":12070.01}]},{"text":"the loop of, will me and my family go hungry tonight?","start":12070.73,"end":12074.41,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a 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National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":12070.73,"end":12070.81},{"text":"loop","start":12070.81,"end":12071.17},{"text":"of,","start":12071.29,"end":12071.57},{"text":"will","start":12071.57,"end":12071.73},{"text":"me","start":12071.73,"end":12072.17},{"text":"and","start":12072.25,"end":12072.49},{"text":"my","start":12072.49,"end":12072.65},{"text":"family","start":12072.65,"end":12073.21},{"text":"go","start":12073.29,"end":12073.53},{"text":"hungry","start":12073.53,"end":12074.01},{"text":"tonight?","start":12074.01,"end":12074.41}]},{"text":"I would like to remind the Global Committee that the world produces more than enough for every single one, yet there are millions who are deprived of their daily bread.","start":12076.17,"end":12086.25,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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for the best of humanitarian interests, I would once again request member states to stop the classical blame game, where both the sides are equally in the 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instead work on a more efficient framework.","start":12217.57,"end":12220.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":12217.57,"end":12217.73},{"text":"instead","start":12217.73,"end":12218.17},{"text":"work","start":12218.17,"end":12218.57},{"text":"on","start":12218.65,"end":12218.81},{"text":"a","start":12218.81,"end":12218.85},{"text":"more","start":12218.85,"end":12219.21},{"text":"efficient","start":12219.21,"end":12219.73},{"text":"framework.","start":12219.73,"end":12220.25}]},{"text":"That's all.","start":12220.49,"end":12220.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":12220.49,"end":12220.85},{"text":"all.","start":12220.85,"end":12220.97}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":12221.37,"end":12221.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":12221.37,"end":12221.61},{"text":"you.","start":12221.61,"end":12221.69}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Representative, Alliance Internationale des Objectifs de Développement Durable","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":84,"start":12222.81,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:23:43","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":12222.81,"end":12223.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":12222.81,"end":12223.13},{"text":"you.","start":12223.13,"end":12223.37}]},{"text":"I'm inviting now APG 23.","start":12223.45,"end":12226.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":12223.45,"end":12223.69},{"text":"inviting","start":12223.69,"end":12224.25},{"text":"now","start":12224.25,"end":12224.49},{"text":"APG","start":12224.57,"end":12225.13},{"text":"23.","start":12225.13,"end":12226.01}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":85,"start":12229.69,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:23:50","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Chair, the right to food is the right to have regular, permanent, and unrestricted access to quantitatively 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Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Losing","start":12509.29,"end":12509.61},{"text":"our","start":12509.61,"end":12509.85},{"text":"land","start":12509.85,"end":12510.17},{"text":"means","start":12510.17,"end":12510.41},{"text":"losing","start":12510.41,"end":12510.73},{"text":"the","start":12510.73,"end":12510.81},{"text":"income","start":12510.81,"end":12511.21},{"text":"that","start":12511.21,"end":12511.77},{"text":"buys","start":12511.93,"end":12512.25},{"text":"our","start":12512.25,"end":12512.41},{"text":"food,","start":12512.41,"end":12512.81},{"text":"support","start":12512.81,"end":12513.25},{"text":"our","start":12513.25,"end":12513.45},{"text":"children,","start":12513.45,"end":12513.85},{"text":"and","start":12513.85,"end":12514.01},{"text":"sustain","start":12514.01,"end":12514.33},{"text":"our","start":12514.33,"end":12514.57},{"text":"future.","start":12514.57,"end":12515.05}]},{"text":"The policy said it should not harm poor people already living on the land.","start":12515.61,"end":12519.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":12515.61,"end":12515.77},{"text":"policy","start":12515.77,"end":12516.25},{"text":"said","start":12516.25,"end":12516.49},{"text":"it","start":12516.49,"end":12516.57},{"text":"should","start":12516.57,"end":12516.77},{"text":"not","start":12516.77,"end":12517.05},{"text":"harm","start":12517.05,"end":12517.37},{"text":"poor","start":12517.37,"end":12517.61},{"text":"people","start":12517.61,"end":12518.01},{"text":"already","start":12518.33,"end":12518.73},{"text":"living","start":12518.73,"end":12519.09},{"text":"on","start":12519.09,"end":12519.21},{"text":"the","start":12519.21,"end":12519.29},{"text":"land.","start":12519.29,"end":12519.69}]},{"text":"Our experience shows why such safeguards must be enforced, not merely written down.","start":12520.05,"end":12524.93,"topics":[{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":12520.05,"end":12520.21},{"text":"experience","start":12520.21,"end":12520.73},{"text":"shows","start":12520.73,"end":12521.25},{"text":"why","start":12521.81,"end":12522.13},{"text":"such","start":12522.13,"end":12522.45},{"text":"safeguards","start":12522.45,"end":12523.01},{"text":"must","start":12523.01,"end":12523.21},{"text":"be","start":12523.21,"end":12523.29},{"text":"enforced,","start":12523.29,"end":12523.73},{"text":"not","start":12523.73,"end":12523.97},{"text":"merely","start":12523.97,"end":12524.21},{"text":"written","start":12524.21,"end":12524.53},{"text":"down.","start":12524.53,"end":12524.93}]},{"text":"Food security cannot be built by evicting the people who grow our food.","start":12525.49,"end":12529.01,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"Food","start":12525.49,"end":12525.73},{"text":"security","start":12525.73,"end":12526.21},{"text":"cannot","start":12526.21,"end":12526.53},{"text":"be","start":12526.53,"end":12526.73},{"text":"built","start":12526.73,"end":12526.93},{"text":"by","start":12526.93,"end":12527.09},{"text":"evicting","start":12527.09,"end":12527.57},{"text":"the","start":12527.57,"end":12527.69},{"text":"people","start":12527.69,"end":12528.05},{"text":"who","start":12528.05,"end":12528.13},{"text":"grow","start":12528.13,"end":12528.37},{"text":"our","start":12528.37,"end":12528.61},{"text":"food.","start":12528.61,"end":12529.01}]},{"text":"Women carry particular burdens when land and livelihoods are lost.","start":12529.49,"end":12532.61,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"Women","start":12529.49,"end":12529.81},{"text":"carry","start":12529.81,"end":12530.13},{"text":"particular","start":12530.13,"end":12530.61},{"text":"burdens","start":12530.61,"end":12531.09},{"text":"when","start":12531.09,"end":12531.33},{"text":"land","start":12531.33,"end":12531.53},{"text":"and","start":12531.53,"end":12531.65},{"text":"livelihoods","start":12531.65,"end":12532.13},{"text":"are","start":12532.13,"end":12532.21},{"text":"lost.","start":12532.21,"end":12532.61}]},{"text":"Yet our knowledge, farming, and care for our families are too often excluded from decisions.","start":12532.93,"end":12537.49,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":12532.93,"end":12533.33},{"text":"our","start":12533.37,"end":12533.45},{"text":"knowledge,","start":12533.49,"end":12534.05},{"text":"farming,","start":12534.05,"end":12534.53},{"text":"and","start":12534.53,"end":12534.65},{"text":"care","start":12534.65,"end":12534.89},{"text":"for","start":12534.89,"end":12535.05},{"text":"our","start":12535.05,"end":12535.17},{"text":"families","start":12535.17,"end":12535.65},{"text":"are","start":12535.65,"end":12535.77},{"text":"too","start":12535.77,"end":12535.89},{"text":"often","start":12535.89,"end":12536.17},{"text":"excluded","start":12536.17,"end":12536.61},{"text":"from","start":12536.61,"end":12536.77},{"text":"decisions.","start":12536.77,"end":12537.49}]},{"text":"The right to development requires meaningful participation and fair access to food and resources.","start":12538.05,"end":12542.53,"topics":[{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."},{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":12538.05,"end":12538.21},{"text":"right","start":12538.21,"end":12538.41},{"text":"to","start":12538.41,"end":12538.49},{"text":"development","start":12538.53,"end":12539.01},{"text":"requires","start":12539.01,"end":12539.41},{"text":"meaningful","start":12539.41,"end":12539.81},{"text":"participation","start":12539.81,"end":12540.61},{"text":"and","start":12540.61,"end":12540.77},{"text":"fair","start":12540.77,"end":12540.97},{"text":"access","start":12540.97,"end":12541.25},{"text":"to","start":12541.25,"end":12541.41},{"text":"food","start":12541.41,"end":12541.73},{"text":"and","start":12541.73,"end":12541.85},{"text":"resources.","start":12541.85,"end":12542.53}]},{"text":"The UN Declaration on the Rights of Peasants also recognizes food sovereignty and right to land and seed.","start":12542.93,"end":12547.89,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":12542.93,"end":12543.05},{"text":"UN","start":12543.05,"end":12543.25},{"text":"Declaration","start":12543.25,"end":12543.73},{"text":"on","start":12543.73,"end":12543.81},{"text":"the","start":12543.81,"end":12543.89},{"text":"Rights","start":12543.89,"end":12544.29},{"text":"of","start":12544.29,"end":12544.45},{"text":"Peasants","start":12544.45,"end":12544.97},{"text":"also","start":12544.97,"end":12545.13},{"text":"recognizes","start":12545.13,"end":12545.81},{"text":"food","start":12545.81,"end":12546.01},{"text":"sovereignty","start":12546.01,"end":12546.77},{"text":"and","start":12546.77,"end":12546.93},{"text":"right","start":12546.93,"end":12547.09},{"text":"to","start":12547.09,"end":12547.17},{"text":"land","start":12547.17,"end":12547.45},{"text":"and","start":12547.45,"end":12547.57},{"text":"seed.","start":12547.57,"end":12547.89}]},{"text":"Forest dependent communities live with the forest.","start":12548.65,"end":12550.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Forest","start":12548.65,"end":12548.89},{"text":"dependent","start":12548.89,"end":12549.25},{"text":"communities","start":12549.25,"end":12549.73},{"text":"live","start":12549.73,"end":12549.97},{"text":"with","start":12550.05,"end":12550.21},{"text":"the","start":12550.21,"end":12550.29},{"text":"forest.","start":12550.29,"end":12550.77}]},{"text":"We are its guardians.","start":12550.77,"end":12552.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12550.77,"end":12551.09},{"text":"are","start":12551.09,"end":12551.25},{"text":"its","start":12551.25,"end":12551.49},{"text":"guardians.","start":12551.49,"end":12552.05}]},{"text":"We are the guardians of the forest.","start":12552.05,"end":12553.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12552.05,"end":12552.17},{"text":"are","start":12552.17,"end":12552.29},{"text":"the","start":12552.29,"end":12552.37},{"text":"guardians","start":12552.37,"end":12552.81},{"text":"of","start":12552.81,"end":12552.93},{"text":"the","start":12552.93,"end":12553.01},{"text":"forest.","start":12553.01,"end":12553.49}]},{"text":"Conservation must respect our rights and knowledge, and support us in protecting the forests that sustain our lives.","start":12553.89,"end":12559.17,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."}],"words":[{"text":"Conservation","start":12553.89,"end":12554.61},{"text":"must","start":12554.61,"end":12554.77},{"text":"respect","start":12554.77,"end":12555.13},{"text":"our","start":12555.13,"end":12555.37},{"text":"rights","start":12555.37,"end":12555.65},{"text":"and","start":12555.65,"end":12555.77},{"text":"knowledge,","start":12555.77,"end":12556.17},{"text":"and","start":12556.17,"end":12556.33},{"text":"support","start":12556.33,"end":12556.77},{"text":"us","start":12556.77,"end":12556.85},{"text":"in","start":12556.85,"end":12557.01},{"text":"protecting","start":12557.01,"end":12557.41},{"text":"the","start":12557.41,"end":12557.57},{"text":"forests","start":12557.57,"end":12557.97},{"text":"that","start":12557.97,"end":12558.13},{"text":"sustain","start":12558.13,"end":12558.53},{"text":"our","start":12558.53,"end":12558.69},{"text":"lives.","start":12558.69,"end":12559.17}]},{"text":"We ask the Expert Mechanism to examine and share community-led approaches and recommend that Member States: First, recognize customary and collective rights to land, forest, water, and seed, including women’s equal access to land rights.","start":12559.49,"end":12573.09,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. 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we care and want to wipe away the tears of the distressed, then more needs to be 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examples that many of you presented are relevant, including the Brazil school feeding program, solidarity kitchen, and also the procurement systems.","start":12833.61,"end":12846.89,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. 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just to finish, I think that it's very important to highlight what the Special Rapporteur on the right to food recently 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should base policies on social reproduction, care, dignity, and justice to really keep alive the values of the UN 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Vogel.","start":12908.49,"end":12910.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dr.","start":12908.49,"end":12908.81},{"text":"Suarez-Franco,","start":12908.81,"end":12909.61},{"text":"Mr.","start":12909.61,"end":12909.97},{"text":"Vogel.","start":12909.97,"end":12910.49}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":99,"start":12911.01,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:35:12","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, madam moderator.","start":12911.01,"end":12912.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":12911.01,"end":12911.25},{"text":"you,","start":12911.25,"end":12911.37},{"text":"madam","start":12911.37,"end":12911.77},{"text":"moderator.","start":12912.09,"end":12912.65}]},{"text":"What I wanted to emphasize, I think there's a question addressed to me is about what do we do after the legal 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think it's a very, very important question.","start":12919.77,"end":12921.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":12919.77,"end":12919.85},{"text":"think","start":12919.85,"end":12920.05},{"text":"it's","start":12920.05,"end":12920.49},{"text":"a","start":12920.49,"end":12920.57},{"text":"very,","start":12920.57,"end":12920.85},{"text":"very","start":12920.85,"end":12921.09},{"text":"important","start":12921.09,"end":12921.49},{"text":"question.","start":12921.49,"end":12921.81}]},{"text":"And I keep saying that the mere recognition of rights in domestic legislation is not good 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that's fundamental that I wanted to say.","start":12947.97,"end":12950.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":12947.97,"end":12948.09},{"text":"that's","start":12948.09,"end":12948.37},{"text":"fundamental","start":12948.37,"end":12949.09},{"text":"that","start":12949.09,"end":12949.25},{"text":"I","start":12949.25,"end":12949.33},{"text":"wanted","start":12949.33,"end":12949.65},{"text":"to","start":12949.65,"end":12949.77},{"text":"say.","start":12949.77,"end":12950.13}]},{"text":"And that also applies to the declaration that our distinguished representative from Brazil asked, and I wanted to say, i think one of the key point here that I wanted to emphasize is the question of access to land and land distribution when it comes to recognizing the rights of farmers and peasants.","start":12951.13,"end":12969.05,"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local 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discussion.","start":12973.53,"end":12980.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":12973.53,"end":12973.85},{"text":"I","start":12973.85,"end":12973.93},{"text":"thank","start":12973.93,"end":12974.33},{"text":"our","start":12974.33,"end":12974.57},{"text":"panelists","start":12974.57,"end":12975.21},{"text":"and","start":12975.21,"end":12975.45},{"text":"all","start":12975.45,"end":12975.69},{"text":"participants","start":12975.69,"end":12976.65},{"text":"for","start":12976.65,"end":12977.13},{"text":"valuable","start":12977.13,"end":12977.57},{"text":"contributions","start":12977.57,"end":12978.65},{"text":"which","start":12978.89,"end":12979.13},{"text":"have","start":12979.13,"end":12979.33},{"text":"enriched","start":12979.33,"end":12979.85},{"text":"this","start":12979.85,"end":12980.01},{"text":"discussion.","start":12980.01,"end":12980.81}]},{"text":"It is clear that access to food and food security are situated within the political economy of development, interrelating with concerns about inequality and the right to development.","start":12981.77,"end":12992.25,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":12981.77,"end":12981.93},{"text":"is","start":12981.93,"end":12982.09},{"text":"clear","start":12982.09,"end":12982.37},{"text":"that","start":12982.37,"end":12982.57},{"text":"access","start":12982.57,"end":12983.05},{"text":"to","start":12983.05,"end":12983.21},{"text":"food","start":12983.21,"end":12983.69},{"text":"and","start":12983.69,"end":12984.01},{"text":"food","start":12984.01,"end":12984.17},{"text":"security","start":12984.17,"end":12984.65},{"text":"are","start":12984.65,"end":12984.81},{"text":"situated","start":12984.81,"end":12985.37},{"text":"within","start":12985.37,"end":12985.61},{"text":"the","start":12985.61,"end":12985.69},{"text":"political","start":12985.69,"end":12986.13},{"text":"economy","start":12986.13,"end":12986.65},{"text":"of","start":12986.65,"end":12986.81},{"text":"development,","start":12986.81,"end":12987.53},{"text":"interrelating","start":12988.17,"end":12988.93},{"text":"with","start":12988.93,"end":12989.09},{"text":"concerns","start":12989.09,"end":12989.69},{"text":"about","start":12989.69,"end":12990.01},{"text":"inequality","start":12990.01,"end":12990.73},{"text":"and","start":12990.73,"end":12990.93},{"text":"the","start":12990.93,"end":12991.01},{"text":"right","start":12991.01,"end":12991.33},{"text":"to","start":12991.33,"end":12991.41},{"text":"development.","start":12991.41,"end":12992.25}]},{"text":"Food insecurity is both a consequence and a driver of inequality and limits people's ability to participate in and benefit from development.","start":12992.73,"end":13002.29,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."}],"words":[{"text":"Food","start":12992.73,"end":12992.85},{"text":"insecurity","start":12992.85,"end":12993.73},{"text":"is","start":12993.73,"end":12993.97},{"text":"both","start":12993.97,"end":12994.21},{"text":"a","start":12994.21,"end":12994.29},{"text":"consequence","start":12994.29,"end":12995.01},{"text":"and","start":12995.01,"end":12995.21},{"text":"a","start":12995.21,"end":12995.25},{"text":"driver","start":12995.25,"end":12995.69},{"text":"of","start":12995.69,"end":12995.81},{"text":"inequality","start":12995.81,"end":12996.69},{"text":"and","start":12996.93,"end":12997.09},{"text":"limits","start":12997.09,"end":12997.41},{"text":"people's","start":12997.41,"end":12997.89},{"text":"ability","start":12997.89,"end":12998.53},{"text":"to","start":12998.77,"end":12998.85},{"text":"participate","start":12998.85,"end":12999.73},{"text":"in","start":12999.73,"end":13000.21},{"text":"and","start":13000.21,"end":13000.45},{"text":"benefit","start":13000.69,"end":13001.17},{"text":"from","start":13001.17,"end":13001.41},{"text":"development.","start":13001.41,"end":13002.29}]},{"text":"This discussion has underscored a central imperative: food security is a foundation for reducing inequality, and ensuring access to adequate food must be integral to development policies and international cooperation, contributing to the overall advancement of the right to development.","start":13002.69,"end":13022.37,"topics":[{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition 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are going to continue immediately after this with a side event that is focused on a theme that is much related to the discussion of this 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I'm sure that the fruitful discussions in this panel will continue also during that side event.","start":13032.33,"end":13038.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":13032.33,"end":13032.89},{"text":"I'm","start":13032.97,"end":13033.61},{"text":"sure","start":13033.61,"end":13033.85},{"text":"that","start":13033.85,"end":13034.01},{"text":"the","start":13034.01,"end":13034.09},{"text":"fruitful","start":13034.09,"end":13034.73},{"text":"discussions","start":13034.97,"end":13035.69},{"text":"in","start":13035.69,"end":13035.77},{"text":"this","start":13035.77,"end":13036.01},{"text":"panel","start":13036.01,"end":13036.33},{"text":"will","start":13036.33,"end":13036.49},{"text":"continue","start":13036.49,"end":13036.89},{"text":"also","start":13036.89,"end":13037.17},{"text":"during","start":13037.17,"end":13037.53},{"text":"that","start":13037.53,"end":13037.85},{"text":"side","start":13038.01,"end":13038.33},{"text":"event.","start":13038.33,"end":13038.73}]},{"text":"And I thank you for your participation, and I return to Madame Chair.","start":13039.45,"end":13043.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":13039.45,"end":13039.77},{"text":"I","start":13039.77,"end":13040.01},{"text":"thank","start":13040.01,"end":13040.41},{"text":"you","start":13040.41,"end":13040.65},{"text":"for","start":13040.73,"end":13040.93},{"text":"your","start":13040.93,"end":13041.05},{"text":"participation,","start":13041.05,"end":13041.85},{"text":"and","start":13041.85,"end":13041.97},{"text":"I","start":13041.97,"end":13042.01},{"text":"return","start":13042.01,"end":13042.41},{"text":"to","start":13042.41,"end":13042.65},{"text":"Madame","start":13042.89,"end":13043.21},{"text":"Chair.","start":13043.21,"end":13043.61}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":13043.77,"end":13044.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":13043.77,"end":13044.09},{"text":"you.","start":13044.09,"end":13044.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Expert / Moderator","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}},{"statement_number":101,"start":13046.13,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k15/k15d3k5ith?t=3:37:27","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Ramona.","start":13046.13,"end":13047.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":13046.13,"end":13046.33},{"text":"you","start":13046.33,"end":13046.45},{"text":"very","start":13046.45,"end":13046.77},{"text":"much,","start":13046.77,"end":13047.25},{"text":"Ramona.","start":13047.25,"end":13047.77}]},{"text":"I would like to express our deep appreciation once again to our distinguished guests.","start":13047.77,"end":13054.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":13047.77,"end":13047.81},{"text":"would","start":13047.81,"end":13047.97},{"text":"like","start":13047.97,"end":13048.29},{"text":"to","start":13048.29,"end":13048.41},{"text":"express","start":13048.41,"end":13049.09},{"text":"our","start":13049.09,"end":13049.41},{"text":"deep","start":13049.41,"end":13049.81},{"text":"appreciation","start":13049.81,"end":13050.85},{"text":"once","start":13050.85,"end":13051.25},{"text":"again","start":13051.25,"end":13051.73},{"text":"to","start":13052.21,"end":13052.45},{"text":"our","start":13052.53,"end":13052.69},{"text":"distinguished","start":13052.69,"end":13053.65},{"text":"guests.","start":13053.73,"end":13054.37}]},{"text":"We will resume the meeting this afternoon at 3:00 PM with agenda item 5A, consideration of thematic studies.","start":13054.37,"end":13064.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":13054.37,"end":13054.69},{"text":"will","start":13054.69,"end":13055.33},{"text":"resume","start":13055.65,"end":13056.21},{"text":"the","start":13056.21,"end":13056.33},{"text":"meeting","start":13056.33,"end":13056.69},{"text":"this","start":13056.69,"end":13057.17},{"text":"afternoon","start":13057.17,"end":13057.97},{"text":"at","start":13057.97,"end":13058.29},{"text":"3:00","start":13058.29,"end":13058.33},{"text":"PM","start":13058.33,"end":13059.25},{"text":"with","start":13059.25,"end":13059.49},{"text":"agenda","start":13059.49,"end":13060.01},{"text":"item","start":13060.01,"end":13060.45},{"text":"5A,","start":13060.45,"end":13061.49},{"text":"consideration","start":13061.49,"end":13062.53},{"text":"of","start":13062.53,"end":13062.77},{"text":"thematic","start":13062.77,"end":13063.25},{"text":"studies.","start":13063.33,"end":13064.05}]},{"text":"I would also like to draw your attention, as Ramona says, we have a side event entitled Access to Food and Water: Implication for Security and the Right to Develop The event will take place from 1:30 to 2:55 PM in this room.","start":13064.45,"end":13083.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":13064.45,"end":13064.53},{"text":"would","start":13064.53,"end":13064.77},{"text":"also","start":13064.77,"end":13065.05},{"text":"like","start":13065.05,"end":13065.73},{"text":"to","start":13065.89,"end":13066.09},{"text":"draw","start":13066.29,"end":13066.69},{"text":"your","start":13066.69,"end":13066.97},{"text":"attention,","start":13066.97,"end":13067.81},{"text":"as","start":13067.81,"end":13068.05},{"text":"Ramona","start":13068.05,"end":13068.49},{"text":"says,","start":13068.49,"end":13069.17},{"text":"we","start":13069.41,"end":13069.53},{"text":"have","start":13069.53,"end":13069.77},{"text":"a","start":13069.77,"end":13069.81},{"text":"side","start":13069.81,"end":13070.25},{"text":"event","start":13070.25,"end":13070.77},{"text":"entitled","start":13070.77,"end":13071.37},{"text":"Access","start":13071.65,"end":13072.13},{"text":"to","start":13072.13,"end":13072.29},{"text":"Food","start":13072.29,"end":13072.85},{"text":"and","start":13072.85,"end":13073.09},{"text":"Water:","start":13073.09,"end":13073.61},{"text":"Implication","start":13073.61,"end":13074.21},{"text":"for","start":13074.21,"end":13074.37},{"text":"Security","start":13074.37,"end":13075.17},{"text":"and","start":13075.17,"end":13075.33},{"text":"the","start":13075.33,"end":13075.41},{"text":"Right","start":13075.41,"end":13075.61},{"text":"to","start":13075.61,"end":13075.69},{"text":"Develop","start":13075.69,"end":13076.01},{"text":"The","start":13076.69,"end":13076.89},{"text":"event","start":13076.89,"end":13077.17},{"text":"will","start":13077.17,"end":13077.49},{"text":"take","start":13077.49,"end":13077.81},{"text":"place","start":13077.81,"end":13078.45},{"text":"from","start":13078.85,"end":13079.41},{"text":"1:30","start":13081.17,"end":13081.21},{"text":"to","start":13081.25,"end":13081.65},{"text":"2:55","start":13082.45,"end":13082.49},{"text":"PM","start":13082.49,"end":13082.93},{"text":"in","start":13082.93,"end":13083.09},{"text":"this","start":13083.09,"end":13083.41},{"text":"room.","start":13083.41,"end":13083.89}]},{"text":"All are welcome to attend.","start":13084.37,"end":13086.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"All","start":13084.37,"end":13084.61},{"text":"are","start":13084.61,"end":13084.85},{"text":"welcome","start":13084.85,"end":13085.37},{"text":"to","start":13085.37,"end":13085.53},{"text":"attend.","start":13085.53,"end":13086.13}]},{"text":"The meeting is adjourned.","start":13086.13,"end":13087.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13086.13,"end":13086.29},{"text":"meeting","start":13086.29,"end":13086.65},{"text":"is","start":13086.65,"end":13086.77},{"text":"adjourned.","start":13086.85,"end":13087.33}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EMRTD","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"EMRTD"}}],"topics":[{"key":"land-seed-rights","label":"Land and Seed Rights","description":"Discussion highlighted secure and equitable access to land, water, forests, and seeds as essential to livelihoods and food sovereignty. Speakers raised concerns about land grabbing, corporate concentration, and conservation policies that displace farmers, while advocating protection of customary rights and local knowledge."},{"key":"climate-resilient-food","label":"Climate-Resilient Food Systems","description":"Speakers examined how droughts, floods, warming, and biodiversity loss undermine food production and disproportionately harm vulnerable communities. They advocated sustainable agriculture, improved water management and infrastructure, climate adaptation support, and fair emissions-reduction measures."},{"key":"human-rights-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"Participants examined how mandatory human rights due diligence and the UN Guiding Principles can advance the right to development. They emphasized assessing actual impacts on people and communities rather than treating due diligence as a compliance checklist."},{"key":"binding-business-treaty","label":"Binding Business and Human Rights Treaty","description":"Multiple speakers supported an international legally binding instrument regulating transnational corporations and other businesses. Discussion focused on harmonizing obligations across jurisdictions, closing regulatory gaps, and incorporating the right to development."},{"key":"equitable-supply-chains","label":"Equitable Supply Chains","description":"Speakers highlighted disproportionate compliance costs for smaller suppliers and the risk that companies withdraw from high-risk countries instead of addressing harms. Proposed responses included responsible purchasing, shared costs, supplier capacity building, and equitable distribution of economic benefits."},{"key":"food-security-inequality","label":"Food Security and Inequality","description":"Participants framed adequate food as a fundamental right and a prerequisite for realizing the right to development, arguing that hunger persists because of unequal access rather than insufficient global production. National responses discussed included social protection, school meals, public procurement, affordable food, and nutrition policies."},{"key":"conflict-starvation-prevention","label":"Conflict and Starvation Prevention","description":"Participants discussed how armed conflict and occupation destroy food systems, disrupt supplies, and obstruct humanitarian access, including in Palestine and Sudan. They condemned the use of food and water as weapons and called for accountability, protection of agricultural infrastructure, and unimpeded humanitarian assistance."},{"key":"development-finance-cooperation","label":"Development Finance and International Cooperation","description":"Speakers called for international cooperation, predictable financing, technology transfer, and technical assistance to support nationally owned development and food-security policies. They also examined how debt, sanctions, trade rules, and investment arrangements can restrict states’ capacity to fulfill human rights obligations."},{"key":"justice-corporate-accountability","label":"Justice and Corporate Accountability","description":"Speakers called for enforceable corporate liability, accessible grievance mechanisms, and effective remedies for business-related harms. They emphasized that prevention must be complemented by access to justice, reparation, and cross-border legal cooperation."},{"key":"participation-self-determination","label":"Participation and Self-Determination","description":"Participants stressed that affected communities and supplier countries should help shape development decisions and the standards governing business activities. Meaningful consultation, Indigenous Peoples’ consent, and respect for locally determined development pathways were recurring priorities."}]}}