1st, 2nd, 3rd Meetings - 58th Session of Human Rights Council

Secretary General of the United Nations. and gentlemen, I hereby declare open the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. We gather here at a time of profound global challenges: conflict, inequality, the erosion of fundamental freedoms, and an alarming backlash against human rights in many parts of the world. The very principles upon which the United Nations was founded 80 years ago are being tested. This milestone anniversary should serve as a moment of reflection. Are we living up to the promise of the UN Charter and the core international human rights treaties? Are we doing enough to protect the most vulnerable, and most importantly, are our efforts making a real difference on the ground where it matters most? History has shown that when human rights are weakened, crises deepen, conflicts escalate, and societies fracture. Today, we see this playing out in real time. Mounting attacks on civic space, attempts to silence independent voices, and the shrinking of hard-won human rights protections. These trends demand our urgent response. Amid these difficulties, we must remember why we are here. Our responsibility is not just to debate or adopt resolutions. It is to make tangible, positive impact on people's lives. Over the next six weeks, The victims and survivors of human rights violations and abuses must remain at the center of our discussions and actions. Their voices must guide our work, and their dignity must be our priority. This Council was created to be a forum for dialogue, cooperation, accountability, and action. Let us rise to this challenge with renewed determination. Let us reaffirm that human rights are not optional. They are universal, indivisible, interdependent, and essential for peace, security, and development. As we begin this session, I urge all of us to engage in meaningful and respectful discussions, to listen to those most affected, and to ensure that our words translate into action. Before handing the floor to our distinguished guests for their opening statements, I now call on the Council to observe a moment of silence in memory of all victims of human rights violations around the world. Thank you very much.

Excellences, ladies and gentlemen, it's now our honor to listen to the statements from our esteemed guests, which will launch this 58th session of the Human Rights Council. First of all, we will listen to His Excellency Mr. Philemon Yeng, President of the United Nations General Assembly, followed by the statement by His Excellency Mr. Antonio Guterres, United Nations Secretary-General. We will then have the pleasure of listening to Mr. Volker Turk, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, as well as His Excellency Mr. Ignazio Cassis, head of the Swiss Federal Department for Foreign Affairs, in his capacity as representative of the host country. Following those statements, we will officially launch the high-level segment of this session. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is now my honor to give the floor to the President of the United Nations General Assembly, His Excellency Mr. Philemon Yank. Excellency, you have the floor.

Excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, I thank His Excellency Ambassador, Duke Lauber, for his kind invitation. I congratulate him and his Bureau on their election. The three pillars of the United Nations are deeply interwoven. Upholding human rights is fundamental to achieving lasting peace and security, and constitutes a sound basis for the realization of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. we face serious global challenges. From armed conflicts and climate change to widening inequalities and deepening poverty, we are witnessing a sharp decline in human rights. There are grave violations and often brazen disregard for international humanitarian law. Those violations have devastating consequences More than 300 million people now require humanitarian assistance. The urgency of this moment cannot be overstated. In every conflict, victims are often women, children, and minorities who bear the heaviest burden. The human suffering and destruction of infrastructure in Gaza, Ukraine, Sudan, Myanmar, Haiti, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are intolerable. These injustices must end. Even war has rules. Civilians must never be targets. The recent special session and the establishment of an independent fact-finding mission to investigate and document human rights violations in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo are good signals. This Council has once again demonstrated its ability to act swiftly to address violations and uphold accountability. The long overdue ceasefire in Gaza and the recent hostage release deal offer a glimmer of hope. The success of the ceasefire is of decisive significance. Only full implementation can secure a lasting ceasefire and ensure the uninterrupted flow of humanitarian aid. A just and lasting peace in the Middle East depends on a two-state solution. That solution will enable Israel and Palestine to coexist in peace and security, in accordance with international law and United Nations resolutions. More broadly, dialogue must remain at the heart of conflict resolution. Dialogue is a powerful weapon which human beings must use for peace to prevail everywhere. We approach the 80th anniversary of the United Nations On occasion, the General Assembly will commemorate this year. Our calls for global peace must be more resolute, harnessing the powerful symbolism of this milestone year. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, last September, world leaders unanimously adopted the Pact for the Future, along with its annexes, the Global Digital Compact, and the Declaration on Future Generations. The Pact charts a decisive course toward a more just, equitable, and sustainable world, one where human rights are upheld for all, everywhere. Our Pact for the Future reaffirms international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and international humanitarian law. Our challenge now is implementation. Implementation is a task that will require full global mobilization with robust engagement from governments, United Nations agencies, international and regional organizations, as well as civil society. Implementation of the pact is a process whose time has come. Organizations in Geneva will play a critical role in that process. Excellencies, protecting human rights and dignity is a cornerstone of my presidency of the General Assembly. Human dignity makes it possible for us to attain excellence and happiness. Last month, I convened one of my first signature events, Preserving Human Dignity in Armed Conflict. I was heartened by the strong political will of Member States to uphold and reinforce their commitment to international humanitarian law. We will continue mobilizing advocacy to eliminate child labour in all its forms, including its use in armed conflict. To advance this goal, I will convene a discussion on child labour, focused on protecting children and upholding their dignity. I will also focus on advancing the rights of older persons. In the coming months, I will convene a high-level meeting to consider the recommendations of the Working Group on Ageing. older persons must have full enjoyment of their human rights. Moreover, I will continue to address the enduring injustices of racism and colonialism. We will uphold the spirit that guided Member States' decision last December to declare a second International Decade for People of African Descent. This declaration reaffirms our collective commitment to achieve recognition, justice, and development for people of African descent. To advance this commitment, I will convene the annual commemorative meetings for the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and the International Day of the Remembrance of Victims of Slavery and the transatlantic slave trade. Excellencies, earlier this session, I joined the Gender Champions Network. In doing so, I pledged to promote gender equality and women's empowerment. We will integrate a gender perspective throughout the General Assembly's work and my activities. I have reestablished the Advisory Board on Gender Equality to focus on women's economic empowerment. That is necessary for the implementation of gender-related commitments in the Pact for the Future. We are happy that the Human Rights Council has followed this good practice. Additionally, I have appointed core facilitators to lead consultations in preparation for a high-level meeting. This meeting will commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women and the landmark Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, Beijing+30. Excellencies, this year marks the 30th anniversary of the World Programme of Action for Youth. This underscores the critical role of young people in driving inclusive and sustainable development. We will convene Member States in May for a discussion on how digitalization can enhance the Sustainable Development Goals. We are convinced that digitalization will empower young people in Africa. Throughout each of these engagements, I will emphasize the indispensable contribution of civil society to advancing human rights. The work of civil society is vital both to this Council and to the broader human rights agenda. That is a message I delivered at my town hall with civil society organizations held in New York just two weeks ago. We will also host the annual high-level debate on crime prevention. That will mark the 10th anniversary of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, the Nelson Mandela Rules. The high-level debate on crime prevention will address the global prison challenge. That would mark the 10th anniversary of the Nelson Mandela Rules to ensure humane treatment of prisoners. This year, we will also be awarding the Nelson Mandela Prize. This award is given every five years to two individuals who have dedicated their lives to serving humanity. I invite Member States and all the relevant stakeholders to submit nominations before the end of this month so that we can identify individuals who would honor the legacy of Nelson Mandela. The prize will coincide with the celebration of the Nelson Mandela International Day on 18th July. Excellencies, all these topics are closely related to my vision. These topics aim to promote human rights and preserve human dignity for all, everywhere. As President of the General Assembly, I aim to advance the global human rights agenda. We are mindful that strengthening cooperation between the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council, two vital pillars of the United Nations, has never been more urgent. I urge all Member States to ensure that the Human Rights Council remains a platform for genuine dialogue and meaningful cooperation to promote and protect human rights for everyone, everywhere. Greater resources and support are essential to enabling the Council to fulfill its mandate effectively, particularly as global challenges continue to increase. I look forward to working with all of you to further promote cooperation and complementarity between the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly. Our shared goal is upholding human rights and dignity for everyone, everywhere. I thank you.

I thank you, President.

Of the General Assembly, for your statement. It is now my honor to invite His Excellency Mr. Antonio Guterres, United Nations Secretary-General, to take the floor. Excellency, you have the floor.

Mr. President of the General Assembly, Mr. President of the Human Rights Council, High Commissioner, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, We begin this session under the weight of a grim milestone, the third anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine in violation of the UN Charter. More than 12,600 civilians killed, with many more injured. Entire communities reduced to rubble, hospitals and schools destroyed. We must spare no effort to bring an end to this conflict and to achieve a just and lasting peace in line with UN Charter, international law, and General Assembly resolutions. Conflicts like the war in Ukraine exact a heavy toll. a toll on people, a toll on fundamental principles like territorial integrity, sovereignty, and the rule of law, and a toll on the vital business of this Council. Without respect for human rights, civil, cultural, economic, political, and social, sustainable peace is a pipe dream. And like this Council, human rights shine a light in the darkest places. Through your work, and the work of the High Commissioner's Office around the world, you are supporting brave human rights defenders risking persecution, detention, and even death. You are working with governments, civil society, and others to strengthen action on human rights, and you are supporting investigations and accountability. Five years ago, we launched our call to action for human rights embedding human rights across the work of the United Nations around the world in close cooperation with our partners. I will continue supporting this important work and the High Commissioner's Office as we fight for human rights everywhere. Excellencies, we have our work cut out for us. Human rights are the oxygen of humanity, but one by one, human rights are being suffocated. By autocrats, crushing opposition because they fear what a truly empowered people would do. By a patriarchy that keeps girls out of school and women at arm's length from basic rights. By wars and violence that strip populations of their right to food, water, and education. by warmongers who thumb their nose at international law, international humanitarian law, and UN Charter. Human rights are being suffocated by the climate crisis and by a morally bankrupt global financial system that too often obstructs the path to greater equality and sustainable development. By runaway technologies like artificial intelligence that hold great promise but also the ability to violate human rights at the touch of a button. By growing intolerance against entire groups, from indigenous peoples to migrants and refugees, to the LGBTQI+ community, to persons with disabilities. And by voices of division and anger who view human rights not as a boon to humanity, but as a barrier to the power, profit, and control they seek. In short, human rights are on the ropes and being pummeled hard. And this represents a direct threat to all of the hard work, mechanisms, and systems established over the last 80 years to protect and advance human rights. But as the recently adopted Pact for the Future reminds us, human rights are in fact a source of solutions. And the pact provides a playbook on how we can win the fight for human rights on several fronts. First, human rights through peace and peace through human rights. Conflicts inflict human rights violations on a massive scale. In the occupied Palestinian territory, Violations of human rights have skyrocketed since the horrific Hamas attacks of October 7 and the intolerable levels of deaths and destruction in Gaza. And I am gravely concerned by the rising violence in the occupied West Bank by Israel settlers and other violations, as well as calls for annexation. We are witnessing a precarious ceasefire. We must avoid at all costs a resumption of hostilities. The people in Gaza have already suffered too much. It's time for a permanent ceasefire, the dignified release of all remaining hostages, irreversible progress towards a two-state solution, an end to the occupation, and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state with Gaza as an integral part. In Sudan, bloodshed, displacement, and famine are engulfing the country. The warring parties must take immediate action to protect civilians, uphold human rights, cease hostilities, and forge peace. And domestic and international human rights monitoring and investigation mechanisms should be permitted to document what's happening on the ground. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, we see a deadly whirlwind of violence and horrifying human rights abuses. amplified by the recent M23 offensive supported by the Rwandan Defense Forces. As more cities fall, the risk of a regional war rises. It's time to silence the guns. It's time for diplomacy and dialogue. The recent joint summit in Tanzania offered a way forward with a renewed call for an immediate ceasefire. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC must be respected. The Congolese people deserve peace. In the Sahel, I call for a renewed regional dialogue to protect citizens from terrorism and systemic violations of human rights, and to create the conditions for sustainable development. In Myanmar, the situation has grown far worse in the four years since the military seized power and arbitrarily detained members of the democratically elected government. We need greater cooperation to bring an end to the hostilities and forge a path towards an inclusive democratic transition and the return to civilian rule, allowing for the safe return of the Rohingya refugees. And in Haiti, we are seeing massive human rights violations, including more than a million people displaced and children facing a horrific increase in sexual violence and recruitment into gangs. In the coming days, I will put forward proposals to the United Nations Security Council for greater stability and security for the people of Haiti, namely through an effective UN assistance mechanism to support the Multilateral Security Support Mission, the national police, and Haitian authorities. A durable solution requires a political process led and owned by the Haitian people that restores democratic institutions through elections. The Pact for the Future calls for peace processes and approaches rooted in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, international law, and UN Charter. It proposes specific actions to prioritize conflict prevention, mediation, resolution, and peacebuilding, and includes a commitment to tackle the root causes of conflict, which so often in denials of basic human needs and rights. Second, the Pact for the Future advances human rights through development. Sustainable development goals and human rights are fundamentally intertwined. They represent real human needs, health, food, water, education, decent work, and social protection. With less than one fifth of the goals on track, The pact calls for a massive acceleration through an SDG stimulus, reforming the global financial architecture, and taking meaningful actions for countries drowning in debt. This must include focused action to conquer the most widespread human rights abuse in history, inequality for women and girls. The pact calls for investing in battling all forms of discrimination and violence against women and girls and ensuring their meaningful participation and leadership across all walks of life. And along with the declaration on future generations, the pact calls for supporting the rights and futures of young people through decent work, removing barriers for youth participation, and enhancing training. And the Global Digital Compact calls on nations to champion young innovators, nurture entrepreneurial spirit, and to equip the next generation with digital literacy and skills. Third, the Pact for the Future recognizes that the rule of law and human rights go hand in hand. The rule of law, when founded on human rights, is an essential pillar of protection. It shields the most vulnerable. It's the first line of defense against crime and corruption. It supports fair, just, and inclusive economies and societies. It holds perpetrators of human rights atrocities to account. It enables civic space for people to make their voices heard and for journalists to carry on their essential work free from interference or threats. and reaffirms the world's commitment to equal access to justice, good governance, and transparent and accountable institutions.

Fourthly, we must achieve human rights through climate action. Last year was the hottest on record and comes on the back of the hottest decade on record. Rising heat, melting glaciers, and warmer oceans are a recipe for disaster. Floods, droughts, deadly storms, mass displacement. Hunger, our war on nature, is also a war on human rights. We must choose a different path. I pay tribute to the many Member States who legally recognise the right to a healthy environment, and I call on all countries to follow suit. Governments must keep their promise to produce new economy-wide national climate action plans this year, and this has to be done well ahead of COP30 to be held in Brazil. These plans must limit the rising global temperature to 1.5 degrees, including by speeding up the global energy transition. We also need a massive surge in financing for climate action in developing countries so that we can adapt to global warming slash emissions and speed up the renewables revolution, which offers massive economic opportunities. And we must stand up to the misleading campaign undertaken by many in the fossil fuel industries and its enablers who are aiding and abetting this madness. And at the same time, we must protect and defend those on the front lines of climate justice. And fifth, human rights through stronger, better governance of technology. Fast moving technologies are now encroaching on every aspect of our lives. This deeply troubles me about human rights being undermined as well. At its best, social media is a meeting place for people to exchange ideas and to trigger respectful debate. But it can also be the stage for fiery combat and blatant ignorance. It's a place where the poisons of misinformation, disinformation, racism, misogyny and hate speech are not just tolerated, but often encouraged. Online verbal violence can easily turn into physical violence in the real world. Recent rollbacks on fact-checking and content moderation online are opening the floodgates once more to more hate, threats and violence. Make no mistake, these rollbacks will actually lead to less free speech and not more. because people are becoming more and more afraid of expressing their opinions on these platforms. Meanwhile, the huge promise of artificial intelligence goes hand in hand with the unfathomable peril to undermine human autonomy, identity and control, and yes, human rights as well. In the face of these threats, the Global Digital Compact brings the world together to ensure that human rights will not be sacrificed on the altar of technology. This includes working with digital companies and policymakers to extend human rights to every corner of cyberspace, including through a new focus on information integrity across all digital platforms. The Global Principles for Information Integrity that I launched last year will support and underpin these efforts as we push for a more humane information ecosystem. The Global Digital Compact also includes the first universal agreement on the governance of artificial intelligence that brings every country to the table and sets commitments on capacity building so that all countries and people can benefit from the potential of artificial intelligence. We need to invest, though, in affordable internet, digital literacy and infrastructure. By helping developing countries to use artificial intelligence to grow small businesses, improve public services and connect communities to new markets, and by placing human rights at the center of AI-driven systems. The pact's decisions to create an independent international scientific panel on AI and ongoing global dialogue that ensures that all countries have a voice in shaping its future are important steps forward. We must implement them. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, We can help end the suffocation of human rights by breathing life into the Pact for the Future and the work of this Council. Let's do it together. We have no time to lose. I thank you.

Secretary General, I thank you for your statement. I now have the honor to give the floor to the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Mr. Volker Turk. High Commissioner, you have the floor, sir.

President, Secretary General, distinguished delegates, the international system is going through a tectonic shift. and the human rights edifice we have built up so painstakingly over decades has never been under so much strain. Today, we mark the third anniversary of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine at a time of escalating civilian casualties, continued wanton destruction of urban areas, and speculation about the war's trajectory. Any sustainable peace must be anchored in the rights, needs, and aspirations of the Ukrainian people, in accountability, and in the principles of the United Nations Charter and international law. The decisions that are made today, whether they foster justice or impunity, will shape what follows. In Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory, where the suffering has been unbearable, I repeat my call for an independent investigation into grave violations of international law committed by Israel in the course of its attacks across Gaza and by Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups. Any sustainable solution must be based on accountability, on justice, the right to self-determination, and the human rights and dignity of both Israelis and Palestinians. Any suggestion of forcing people from their land is completely unacceptable. Mr. President, Excellencies, beyond Ukraine and Gaza, conflicts and crises are tearing communities and societies apart, from Sudan to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Myanmar, and Afghanistan. Social tensions are rising, as inequalities and injustices breed resentment, often directed at refugees, at migrants, and the most vulnerable. Perversely, the richest 1% control more wealth than the majority of humanity. The climate crisis is a human rights catastrophe, crushing lives and livelihoods. Its cascading impacts on food security, on migration, on health, on energy, and water threaten human rights now and for generations to come, particularly for women and girls. Meanwhile, digital technologies are widely misused to suppress, limit, and violate our rights through surveillance, online hatred, harmful disinformation, harassment, and built-in discrimination. Artificial intelligence brings new speed and scale to these threats. The splintering of social media platforms into self-selecting channels that cater to their audience contributes to the isolation of individuals, the atomization of societies, and the loss of a shared public space. And in some quarters, human rights are being shunned, vilified, and distorted. This is the backdrop against which my office and the broader human rights ecosystem, including this Council, are working to promote and safeguard the rights of everyone, everywhere. Last year, for example, my office contributed to the release of over 3,000 arbitrarily detained people. We took part in some 11,000 human rights monitoring missions, observed nearly 1,000 trials, and documented some 15,000 situations of human rights violations around the world. In addition to the daily interventions with governments, we issued about 245 statements shining a light on human rights concerns in some 130 countries. Our teams on the ground are supporting countries to improve their laws and institutions and to adopt social and economic policies that reinforce cohesion and address injustice. We contributed to human rights-based approaches to sustainable development, taxation, and public spending from Cambodia to Jordan and Serbia. Support to my office is a low-cost, high-impact investment. I call on you to go the extra mile to make sure that my office, your own national human rights institutions, and human rights non-governmental organizations can continue to do this essential work. Excellencies, since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, despite setbacks, we have made steady progress. Freedom expanded, particularly for oppressed communities. There was widespread understanding that human rights are the foundation of effective governance, sound economic policies, and social cohesion. Today, we can no longer take that basic understanding and progress for granted. The global consensus on human rights is crumbling under the weight of authoritarians, of strongmen, and oligarchs. By some estimates, autocrats now control around one third of the world's economy, more than double the proportion 30 years ago. Leaders cite national security and the fight against terrorism to justify gross violations. Hypocrisy, double standards, and impunity have also played a part. Regional powers that are neutral or hostile to human rights are growing in influence. Everywhere, we see attempts to ignore, to undermine, and to redefine human rights, and to create a false binary that pits one right against another in a zero-sum game. There are concerted efforts to chip away at gender equality and the rights of migrants, refugees, people with disabilities, and minorities of all kinds. But human rights, from the right to food and adequate housing to the rights to health and education and freedom of speech, are for everyone, and we need an all-out effort by everyone to make sure that human rights and the rule of law remain foundational to communities, societies, and international relations. Otherwise, the picture is very dangerous. In previous centuries, the unrestrained use of force by the powerful, indiscriminate attacks on civilians, population transfers, and child labor were commonplace. Dictators could order atrocity crimes consigning vast numbers of people to their deaths. Be aware, this can happen again, but we are far from powerless to prevent it. Our tools are the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the body of international law, and the institutions that work to implement them, including this Council, my office, courts and judiciary, civil society, independent journalists, and human rights defenders around the world. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, today we need an alternative vision. We need the politics of wisdom, rooted in facts, the law, and compassion. First, human rights are about facts. That is why my office is monitoring, documenting, and reporting on violations and abuses in war zones and crises around the world. And I will provide details in my global update next week. In addition to Ukraine and the occupied Palestinian territory, examples include the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Myanmar, Sudan, and Syria, where my office has been documenting abuses and raising the alarm for some for a couple of years, or Afghanistan, where we are reporting on the impact of gender apartheid on women and girls, or Haiti, where my team has reported on the devastating impact of illicit flows of weapons. Never underestimate the power of factual, legal, and moral clarity. Facts on their own can and must prompt action. When the red flags go up, they must trigger an immediate response. That is why the work of this Council and the other human rights mechanisms is so important. While we cannot say exactly how much death and suffering has been prevented by these efforts, we know they make a difference. Second, human rights are about the law, which is a break on power, privilege, and unrestrained profit. Some things are not for sale. Our international legal frameworks and institutions, including the International Criminal Court, are fundamental to ensuring justice and achieving accountability for the most serious of crimes, preventing future violations, and making the world safer for everyone. Equally important are strong institutions at the national level to protect vulnerable people and enable everyone to participate more fully in cultural, religious, social, economic, and public life. It is imperative that we stand up for these institutions when they come under attack. Finally, human rights are nothing without compassion, the glue that unites us in our common humanity. We rarely hear about compassion from today's leaders, but some of the most successful visionaries throughout history, including Nelson Mandela and Eleanor Roosevelt, have led through their remarkable compassion. Human rights go beyond thought leadership to heart leadership. They tap into some of our most cherished ideals of how people should treat each other and the meaning of human dignity. Because of that, they are wildly popular. Human rights have been central to movements for equality and justice throughout history, from the anti-slavery, anti-racism, anti-apartheid struggles to the labor movement, from decolonization to the civil rights movement, the women's movement, marriage equality, and the LGBTIQ+ movement, Black Lives Matter, the indigenous rights movement, the disability rights movement, the climate justice movement, and beyond. Human rights have universal power to move people to action. In countries where human rights are not widely respected, people will risk their lives to defend them. And I want to pay tribute to brave human rights activists and defenders everywhere. This is why even the most repressive governments often use the language of human rights to try to justify themselves. They know that human rights abuses trigger revulsion and reduce their power and influence. Upholding human rights makes eminent sense for stability, for prosperity, for our better for a better common future. Human rights are a winning proposition for humanity, and we will continue to promote, protect, and defend them around the world with humility, determination, and an indomitable hope. Thank you.

Mr. Commissioner.

High Commissioner, I thank you for your statement. Finally, I have the pleasure of inviting the head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland, His Excellency Ignazio Cassis, to deliver a statement on behalf of the host country. You have the floor, sir.

President of the Human Rights Council, President of the General Assembly, Secretary-General, High Commissioner for Human Rights, Ministers, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Like every year, it is my great pleasure to welcome you here in Geneva today. But today, I have mixed feelings. On the one hand, I am very proud, and on the other, I am deeply worried. On the one hand, a sense of pride. On 9 October 2024, the UN General Assembly elected Switzerland to the Human Rights Council for the next three years, with 175 votes out of 190. The trust you have placed in my country honours us, and I am very grateful for it. Geneva has also witnessed a historic moment when, by acclamation, our ambassador, Jorg Lauber, was elected 19th President of the Human Rights Council for this year. It is the first time that a senior Swiss diplomat has taken up that office. So that is why I am proud. Let me move on to why I am worried now. Our planet is in a bad state, and as a physician, I cannot ignore that diagnosis. We are living through a time of geopolitical uncertainty, where diplomatic spaces are shrinking, humanitarian crises are multiplying, and the vast majority of the global population is living under authoritarian regimes. We face immense challenges to which we must rise. Here in Geneva, it is our duty to act, and we have the means with which to do so. Ladies and gentlemen, what are the challenges that I speak of? Let's take a look at 2024, last year, a year marked by major elections. More than 4 billion citizens, that's more than half of the global population, went to the ballot box in 76 different countries. That was a genuine test for democracy at the global scale. The result of which is deep unease. Voters expressed genuine distrust vis-a-vis their elected representatives. Young people are becoming more radical, populist parties are gaining ground, and social networks are imposing unfiltered communication upon us. It seems as though the world is losing its bearings. And what are the reasons for this? There are five main reasons I'd like to mention. First of all, Globalization has reduced poverty, but it has left behind it areas of deindustrialization, in particular in the West. Secondly, the digital revolution is shaking up the job market. Thirdly, Identity claims, be they ethnic or sexual identity or other claims, have taken on a scale that is destabilising many societies and many individuals. Fourthly, social networks exacerbate divisions. Fifthly, the climate crisis is fuelling a sense of chaos that is worsening defiance towards people in governance. What can we do? We see that there is a deep crisis of trust, but also we have lost our points of reference. And in this context, human rights are a fundamental bedrock upon which we can stabilize our societies. I'm thinking in particular of individual rights and respect for privacy. the right to free and transparent elections, the right to labour and economic stability, the right to freedom of expression, with the responsibility of the media being recalled, and also the right to a sustainable environment. Nineteen years on from the creation of the Human Rights Council in 2006, one is forced to note that the challenges are growing. The war in Ukraine, and today we mark the third anniversary with a great sense of sorrow, is a tragic example of that. You must also take into account the ongoing tensions in the Balkans, the Caucasus, conflict in the Middle East, instability in Northern Africa, and war in sub-Saharan Africa. The international context is increasingly alarming. While I was preparing this statement for the seventh consecutive year, my optimism gave way to increased realism. I am now convinced that it is more necessary than ever before to focus our efforts on the protection of fundamental rights, especially as regards the right to freedom of expression, of religion and of association, our right to life and to equality before the law, to education, our right to ownership and the total prohibition of torture and slavery. As we face threats against democracies, the Human Rights Council of the United Nations must act united and with determination. The hour is not one for division, but for concerted action in order to uphold the principles that guarantee peace and stability. and that is something that the Swiss presidency can achieve. The primary responsibility of the Swiss presidency is to ensure the smooth running of the Human Rights Council work, thereby enabling it to fully deliver on its mandate. Human rights are not a luxury but a necessity. As our ambassador, Joerg Laubens, said just after he was elected in December 2024, Switzerland is concerned by the decisions of some member states to withdraw somewhat from the council. Human rights are a matter of concern for all of us. Every member of the United Nations should shoulder its responsibilities in this respect. The Swiss presidency is not merely an honour, it is a matter of responsibility. And so I would like to take this opportunity to express my full support for Joaclovan, whose long experience within the United Nations, both in New York and here in Geneva, will serve him well as he seeks to achieve this mission.

Switzerland will continue to carry out with determination the responsibilities it has assumed over the past two years on the United Nations Security Council.

Throughout.

This mandate, we have consistently underscored the importance of international humanitarian law and fundamental rights as pillars of peace and security. It is with the same commitment that we are preparing for our OSCE presidency in 2026, determined to strengthen dialogue and cooperation in Europe. Switzerland stands for effective, targeted multilateralism rooted in the principle of subsidiarity. 80 years after the founding of the United Nations, the state of the world serves as a pressing reminder that our mission is far from complete. Thank you for your attention, and I wish you all productive discussions.

Federal Councillor, I would like to thank you for your statement. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, this year we will have the honour of listening to the statements by 128 dignitaries. Their presence here reflects the importance that we attach to the Human Rights Council and its central role in the human rights system.

The resources The efficiency of the Council is of paramount importance. The Vice-Presidents and I will ensure that meetings start on time and that speaking times are respected so that our meetings and the session as a whole can be completed within the allotted time. I wish to take this opportunity to reiterate the importance I place on ensuring inclusivity in our work. it is essential that this Council provides a safe and inclusive space for all stakeholders to actively participate. In this regard, I wish to emphasize that personal attacks against the Council's mandate holders, any form of harassment against any participant in this Council, and all acts of reprisals and intimidation against civil society representatives will not be tolerated. As President, I can assure you that I will follow up on all allegations that I may receive concerning acts of reprisal and intimidation committed against persons because of their participation in the work of the Human Rights Council, its mechanisms and procedures.

Madame and Messieurs, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is now my honor to open the high-level segment which will continue until Wednesday afternoon and it will then be followed up by the general segment. Before I give the floor to the first on the speakers list, please allow me to remind you that the speakers list of the high-level segment is available and regularly updated on the Council's extranet through Out of respect for the dignitaries, I would like to call on delegations to be present in the room at least 10 minutes before the start of each session and to remain silent so that they do not disturb the statements. As there is a high number of dignitaries which will address the Council, I would like to ask delegations to inform the Secretariat as soon as possible of any possible late arrival. I would like to remind you that we have allotted seven minutes speaking time for heads of state or government and five minutes for all other participants in the high-level segment. I would also like to remind you that, in order to facilitate the work of the interpreters, delegations are requested to provide a copy of their speeches to the conference services. I would also like to remind you that the online Inscriptions service can be used to upload a copy of speeches. They will be posted on the council's extranet. It's vital that they be provided in Word format in order to ensure the council's accessibility to persons with disabilities. If they are not in an accessible format, they will not be posted on the extranet. I would now like to give the floor to the first speaker of the high-level segment, His Excellency Mr. Luis Alberto Arce Catacora, the constitutional president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Brother president of the Human Rights Council, brother high commissioner for human rights, distinguished heads of delegation, representatives of the member states and observers of the Human Rights Council. I'm honored to address you. The plurinational state of Bolivia is now a member of the Human Rights Council for the fourth time since the Council was established in March 2006. This unequivocally reflects our steadfast commitment to promoting and protecting human rights. Since we held our first mandate in 2008, our tangible action has shown that defense of human rights, particularly those of the historically marginalized peoples, is a priority for our state. Bolivia is an active member of the Council and cooperates constructively with various mechanisms. We've undertaken various roles. We've been the vice president of the Council, we've facilitated discussions on efficiency and streamlining, we've been the focal point for gender issues and recently we underwent our fourth Universal Periodic Review. President, today's world is complex. We're affected by the consequences of a multidimensional crisis of the capitalist system, food insecurity, poverty, general inequality, forced displacements and the harmful effects of the climate crisis, which are compounded by irrational production systems and imperialist, colonial, neo-colonialist wars to take control of natural resources. There's a failure to respect people's self-determination and the decent life of people by imposing economic blockades and unilateral coercive measures against the sovereign peoples in our region. It is against this backdrop that we as states must strengthen dialogue, cooperation and solidarity so that we can tackle shared problems. Our path must be a commitment to strengthening effective multilateralism. Bolivia recognizes the fundamental role played by the Human Rights Council as a platform which, sheltered from all politicization and double standards, should promote the universality, interdependence and indivisibility of individual and collective human rights. Our human rights policy makes Fair treatment and balanced treatment of civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights are priority. In particular, individual rights cannot be separated from collective rights and vice versa. Bolivia has worked on promoting the right to development and by ensuring a life free of violence for women and children and the full inclusion of older persons and persons with disabilities. We also make the rights of indigenous peoples and peasant communities and persons of African descent a priority, as well as those of Mother Earth. She is considered to be a rights holder in our national legal framework and also with an international perspective. President, Bolivia is a state which promotes a culture of peace and firmly rejects any forms of aggression and domination. In 2022, in the General Assembly, we raised the idea of declaring A decade of eradicating patriarchy. The aim of this is to pursue policies to eradicate violence against women, ensure their fair participation in decision-making. and by challenging the patriarchal structures which still restrict their full enjoyment of rights. From our position as members of the UNICEF Executive Board and at the current time as Vice President for the GRULAC region, we've stepped up our commitment for childhood and adolescence free from violence, exploitation and discrimination. In the Human Rights Council, we've been promoting the rights of peasants and other rural workers. This is another cornerstone of our international action. In 2023. we joined Cuba, Gambia, Luxembourg, South Africa, Kyrgyzstan and Indonesia in promoting the adoption of a resolution for establishing a working group on the rights of peasants and other rural workers. This is a further step towards the effective implementation of the declaration which was adopted in 2018. This effort is an attempt to honour historic debt to those who, despite producing the food to feed our societies, have been systematically excluded from power structures and international protection. The Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and other Persons who Work in Rural Areas is a very modern, sophisticated document in recognising rights and reflecting priorities such as access to basic services, the right to food, housing, a healthy environment, combating discrimination, amongst other relevant issues for the whole world, in order to close the gaps between cities and rural areas and making progress towards implementing the Sustainable Development Goals. President, we reject and denounce the harm caused to human beings caused by armed violence different parts of the world. The genocide against the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, which is ongoing, is a brutal reminder of how urgent it is to defend international humanitarian law and to curb impunity for those who commit war crimes and crimes against humanity. Similarly, it would be remiss of us not to mention our rejection of all actions and discourse that violates the rights of migrants. We reject any attempt to criminalize migration and we reiterate that there is a valuable contribution made by migrants to the economic, social and cultural developments of societies throughout the world. Bolivia believes in inclusive, supportive and transformative multilateralism. We invest in dialogue on equal footing and the effective closure of equality gaps and building fairer societies. This year we're commemorating Bolivia's bicentenary, 200 years of resistance, combating and self-determination against the structures of colonialism, neocolonialism and exclusion, which still exist in many forms. We're commemorating this milestone by reiterating to the international community that we're fully committed to a world in which human dignity prevails over inequality and oppression. We will continue to raise our voice to defend oppressed peoples, Mother Earth, and a truly fair world order in which human rights are a reality and can be enjoyed by one and all. Thank you very much.

It's now my honour to call on her excellency. Ms. Judith Suminwama Touloukou, Prime Minister and Head of Government of the Democratic Republic of Congo, to deliver her statement.

Excellency, you have the floor.

Mr. President. Please allow me to begin my statement by addressing my sincere congratulations to you on your election to the presidency of the Human Rights Council, which is a cornerstone of the United Nations system. I do wish you every success in discharging your mandate, which is of the utmost importance. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, distinguished delegates, I must reflect the very grave situation to you today on behalf of Mr. Felix Tshisekedi, President of the Republic, and the Congolese people. I would like to express, though, the DRC's gratitude to the Human Rights Council for having swiftly accepted our call for a special session and having unanimously adopted on the 7th of February a resolution which will allow for the establishment of a fact-finding mechanism and a commission of inquiry. This raises hope for millions of Congolese people who are still victims of the repeated aggression of Rwanda. The The DRC Government is committed to implementing the resolution that was adopted on 7 February this year. In particular, we will facilitate the work of the independent commission of inquiry, which will be set up to document human rights violations and violations of international humanitarian law in the provinces of North and South Kivu. It's in the same spirit that we would like to pay tribute to the unanimous adoption of the Security Council resolution on the 21st of February of this year, which clearly calls upon Rwanda to leave Congolese territory and to withdraw all support to the M23 movement. The same can be said of the 13th of February resolution adopted by the European Parliament, which highlighted the illegal exploitation of mineral resources by Rwanda. We would also like to pay homage to the resolution taken by the Commission of Peace and Security of the African Union, which will lead to a number of recommendations being implemented to promote peace. There continue to be many atrocities being committed on our territory, so we call for dissuasive sanctions to be imposed in order to promote the protection of millions of people living in Goma and Bukavu, which are currently under occupation. We shall continue to bury our dead. We haven't been able to count or identify them. Many of them were homeless, but their camps were destroyed by the occupying forces. The humanitarian situation in the east of our country has reached an alarming scale. According to the Ministry of Health, since January of this year, over 7,000 people have died in the conflict, 2,500 bodies were buried without being identified, and 1,500 bodies are still being held in morgues. We've had several 100 cases of cholera and mpox, but they haven't been cared for, so this could lead to their spreading. We have a number of camps which have been attacked. They were housing internally displaced peoples, and also hospitals have been attacked. According to the United Nations, many do not have shelter and food. Humanitarian needs are high and there are 2.8 million people who have been internally displaced in the country, particularly in the east of the country. Ladies and gentlemen, the RDC, as a member of this Council, reiterates its commitment to pursue its efforts to promote human rights. And following. Our recent fourth universal periodic review and. our appearance before the CEDAW committee, we have made a commitment to draw up a plan to implement the recommendations coming from the universal periodic review and treaty bodies, and we count on support from the Office of the High Commissioner for that purpose and for exchanging good practices. During the 52nd session, we reiterates our commitment to transitional justice and improving the situation of women and children through our president and also for improving prison conditions. These are the priorities for my government and continue to be so. With regard to the right to a healthy environment, the Democratic Republic of Congo has made commitments in this area. We have strategic minerals, forests and biodiversity. So we are playing our role to preserve an environmental balance. Let's do this together. Ladies and gentlemen, I cannot describe the distress of millions of victims of this conflict, forced conscription of children, women being raped. Furthermore, journalists, human rights defenders and artists have witnessed the drama in the east of the country, but they've got a right to speak about it. We need enhanced and coordinated international support. So we call upon the international community to strengthen its humanitarian support in order to provide more resources so that... proper care can be provided to the millions of injured and internally displaced, and that international humanitarian law be respected, because this is absolutely vital in order to save lives and to alleviate the suffering of the Congolese people. President, ladies and gentlemen, the situation of armed conflict across the world leads to human rights violations This prevents millions of people from accessing basic rights such as access to food, water and electricity. It's not just the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo, but also in Sudan, Haiti and Ukraine. In order to address this, my country is supporting the call for combating the causes of conflict and to impose peace around the world through transitional justice mechanisms and combating impunity. History will not be merciful to us if we fail to put an end to conflicts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other parts of the world. Otherwise, what we see is we're just seeing the flagrant violation, abuse of the principles of this organization, human rights. We can change the course of history and it's our moral duty to do so for future generations. Thank you very much.

Excellencies, thank you.

I now have the honour of inviting His Excellency Mr. Musalia Mudavadi, Prime Cabinet Secretary and Cabinet Secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs of Kenya, to take the floor. Excellency, you have the floor.

Mr. President, Excellencies, colleagues, first, may I begin by congratulating you, Mr. President, on your assumption of the Council's presidency. Indeed, your presidency comes at a trying moment in international relations, where emerging security challenges and geopolitical flux are uniquely impacting on the phenomenon of protection of human rights globally. Notably, the incidences of war and conflict persist, leading to grave violations of human rights, as reflected in the rising cases of crimes against humanity, war crimes, and even genocide. The implication is that the Council's crucial role in addressing abuses, preventing conflict, and its emphasis on the need for peace has become more important. Today, we are witnessing violent conflicts characterized by indiscriminate attacks on civilian populations, including schools, hospitals, use of sexual and gender-based violence as a weapon of war, a rise in violent extremism, dissemination of economic livelihoods, and forced displacements. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, in its Global Appeal 2025, projects that over 139 million people globally will be forcibly displaced or become stateless by the end of 2025 due to conflicts. Most of these are vulnerable people from developing countries. Recent reports by UNICEF indicate nearly 47 million children are displaced due to conflict, with the numbers expected to continue increasing. The global organization Save the Children International reports that one in 11 children are being denied of their basic rights to live, learn, be protected, and prosper due to violent conflict, adverse climate change, and global economic instability. Today in Africa, over 2.8 million children are out of school. The wars in Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Libya, Gaza, Lebanon, Ukraine, Haiti, Myanmar are some of the notable examples of critics' crises, including Africa's forgotten conflicts. They have been spoken to earlier by other speakers. Kenya continues its active engagement in peace initiatives, both regional and internationally, including in DRC, Sudan, Somalia, and Haiti, among others, because we recognize that sustainable peace is linked to the protection and promotion of human rights. As such, there's a compelling need to fully incorporate human rights considerations in the peace missions and general conflict resolution mechanisms. We believe the Council's work is more vital than ever before, serving as a critical platform for addressing human rights abuses, which are often both a cause and a consequence of conflict. Mr. President, we believe that despite significant challenges, multilateralism remains our most viable option in addressing global issues and promoting human rights. Therefore, In order to maintain its credibility and effectiveness, we must avoid politicization and selective application of standards. The Council should serve as a platform for constructive dialogue, impartial assessment, and collaborative action, fostering genuine progress in the global human rights landscape. Kenya reaffirms its commitment to advocating for marginalized groups, particularly in the face of rising xenophobia, afrophobia, and racial discrimination. As the current chair of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the Durban Declaration, Kenya is dedicated to combating racism and related intolerance, welcoming the Second International Decade for People of African Descent and its focus on reparatory justice and development. It is important to mention the 2025 AU theme of the year, Justice for Africans and the People of African Descent through Reparations, a clear demonstration of Africa's commitment to justice, accountability, and the recognition of historical injustices. Kenya commends the Council's crucial work in recognizing the inextricable link between climate change and human rights. We acknowledge the urgent need to address environmental crises as a recognition of the direct connection between environmental degradation and human rights abuses. Kenya will continue to champion this cause during our tenure on the Council. In this regard, we emphasize the importance of respecting the principles enshrined in the Paris Agreement We believe that climate finance and the loss and damage fund are critical and represent the bare minimum of what is necessary for a just transition and broader climate justice. We bear witness to the profound impact of climate change in worsening existing vulnerabilities, entrenching marginalization, acting as a threat multiplier, and contributing to instability and conflict in already fragile regions. Mr. President, Kenya recognizes the evolving landscape of human rights challenges in the digital age and is committed to addressing them proactively. We are reviewing our 2014 National Policy and Action Plan on Human Rights to integrate emerging issues, particularly those related to technology and bridging the digital divide. We believe The Council has a crucial role in promoting equitable access to emerging technologies, critical infrastructure, and skills necessary for full participation in the information society. We emphasize that bridging the digital divide is essential to prevent technology from worsening existing inequalities. To this end, during our tenure, Kenya aims to advocate for the recognition of access to technology as an essential component of the right to information as enshrined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. We welcome all efforts towards ensuring that technology is accessible, affordable, and beneficial for all. Mr. President, We recognize the right to development as a crucial opportunity to foster an environment where every individual and every society can reach their full potential. Kenya will use its position in the Council to advocate for an equitable and democratic international order to serve all humanity. This includes addressing the critical issue of foreign debt and its impact on states' abilities to promote and protect human rights. We believe the Council is uniquely positioned to provide a platform for discussing and advancing reforms in the global financial architecture to ensure greater equity. Mr. President, Kenya's strong adherence to human rights is evident by its membership in most of the key international human rights instruments, The government remains dedicated to their full and effective implementation, which entails both regular reporting to treaty bodies and constructive engagement in dialogue with them. Additionally, Kenya is an active member of the regional human rights mechanisms, including the East Africa Community Court of Justice and Africa Charter on Human People's Rights. Domestically, Kenya has implemented various legal, policy, judicial, and other mechanisms to safeguard the enjoyment of these rights by all citizens. In 2010, Kenya established one of the most progressive constitutions in history. Its Chapter 4 is dedicated to the Bill of Rights, which protects fundamental freedoms and rights. This Bill of Rights applies to all people and state organs without discrimination. Kenya is cognizant of the fact that corruption is a threat to human rights. Corruption often facilitates and aggravates human rights violations, particularly against vulnerable groups, by hindering the access to rights and services such as legal representation and a fair trial, property rights, education, health, and social protection. We continue to strengthen institutions, legislation, regulations, and policies to fight corruption, including the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission. Still, Kenya has upheld its commitment by maintaining a standing invitation for special procedures since 2015 and has consistently accepted requests and responded to recommendations subject to their respective functions. And in recognition of the valuable contribution of civil society organizations, public and national human rights commissions, Kenya actively engages with them through various fora and incorporates their perspectives in its periodic reports. Kenya has extended the arc of human rights protection to vulnerable groups, including refugees. Through legislation and policies such as the Shirika Plan, which is a premier refugee integration and management program, Kenya has guaranteed the dignity and economic rights of these victims of forced displacement. Mr. President, in conclusion, as a steadfast champion of the Council, and its vital mechanisms, Kenya pledges to continue our proactive engagement on the international stage as we take up our seat in the Council. We reaffirm that human rights remain the cornerstone of our shared humanity, guided by our constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as the bedrock of international human rights standards. Kenya is committed to fostering a just society both at home and globally. We have set a high threshold in protecting and expanding freedom of expression, free press, upholding sanctity of life, countering all forms of violence, including gender-based violence and femicide, amongst others. Our cardinal goal is to contribute to a more just, equitable, and a human rights-respecting world for all. I thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Excellency, we shall now take a short break so that our eminent guests, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, the President of the General Assembly and the High Commissioner for Human Rights, may leave. I ask distinguished delegates to kindly remain seated. We will then resume our work immediately with the high-level segment.

Excellencies, can I ask you to take your seats and please-- This is a very transparent room, which is in the spirit of the Human Rights Council, but we can hear all the voices and all your conversations. So can I ask you again to take your seats and please have your conversations outside of the room. It is now my honor to invite His Excellency Mr. Ervin Ibrahimovic, Deputy Prime Minister for International Relations and Minister for Foreign Affairs of Montenegro, to take the floor.

Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, I am honored to address the Human Rights Council on behalf of Montenegro. I congratulate Ambassador Lauber on his election as President of the Council. I am confident that under his able leadership and the longstanding commitment of the Swiss Confederation to democratic values, the Council will continue to fulfill its core mission of addressing, protecting, and promoting human rights worldwide. The Council's proactive role is more crucial than ever. given another year of horrific armed conflict on an unprecedented scale, from Ukraine and Gaza to the DRC, Sudan, Myanmar, and far beyond, with a devastating impact on lives of millions of people. This is of particular importance on the global backsliding of the human rights as well compounding by the climate crisis, environmental degradation, and in regulated new emerging digital technologies. Such negative development undermine global stability and full insecurity, inequality, and division. They also clearly point to a crisis in our shared commitment to uphold and respect the fundamental principles of international law and the global norms and standards to which we have all committed ourselves. To effectively address the pressing issues and risks, we must invest more in human rights, not less, and continuously strengthen the rule of law as their vital safeguard. Otherwise, people's lives, peace, and stability are at stake. As this postulate shows, problems with the exercise of human rights and freedom are often linked to the cases of tension, instability, and political turmoil within and between states. Excellencies, today marks exactly three years since the start of the Russian Federation war of aggression against Ukraine. This constitutes a flagrant violation of international law, including the UN Charter, and continues to undermine global stability and erode respect for international law. Russia's brutal aggression has left hundreds of thousands dead and injured, including children, millions displaced, mass destruction across the country, and the list goes on. with mounting evidence of a wide range of violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. Montenegro reaffirms its support for a comprehensive, just and lasting peace based on the principles of the UN Charter and international law. In this regard, the active role of Ukraine and Europe is indispensable. Excellencies. Last year, we also witnessed a dramatic military escalation with devastating humanitarian consequences and serious violation of international law in the Middle East and the risk imposed for the entire region. But also some historic events, especially in Syria and Lebanon, where important changes are taking place. Montenegro has welcomed with great hope the ceasefire agreement reached between Israel and Hamas. and facilitated by the U.S., Egypt, and Qatar. This significant achievement should allow for release of all remaining hostages, the cessation of hostilities, and the delivery of much-needed humanitarian aid. For this to happen, it's crucial that all parties fully respect the terms of the agreement and ensure its full implementation. Montenegro remains principled in supporting and calling for a just, comprehensive, and lasting peace based on two-state solution with a viable Palestinian state and secure Israel, living side by side in peace, security, and mutual recognition. Excellencies, in this time of heightened global conflict and tension and an alarmingly growing trend of disrespect for international law, we must ensure that human rights are at the center of the response to multiple crises and reaffirm our strong commitment to effective multilateralism and rule-based international order, with the United Nations at its core, as the Pact for the Future also highlights. Montenegro regret the decision of the USA administration to withdraw from the HRC, given its vital contribution in protecting and promoting human rights and freedom worldwide. Finally, excellency, Montenegro has just completed its second mandate of Human Rights Council. We have worked closely with partners from all regional group to advance the human rights agenda with special focus on vulnerable and marginalized group. With the same enthusiasm and commitment, Montenegro will continue to be a fair and reliable actor on the Council, as well as to fully cooperate with all EU human rights mechanisms. With that in mind, I am confident in your support for the candidacy of Montenegro to the Human Rights Council for the 2030-2032. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you very much. Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite His Excellency, Mr. Eduardo Rodriguez Parilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Cuba, to take the floor.

President, the right to life is in serious danger. The United Nations Charter, international law and multilateralism are under threat. Attempts are being made to impose economic coercion and political subversion as methods for establishing international relations. This Council should call more strongly for a just and democratic international order that ensures peace and a world balance, sovereign equality and the exercise of the right to development by all States, and environmental sustainability, thereby ensuring the exercise of all human rights. This Council is an important instrument for the promotion and protection of human rights. in the face of manipulations, politicization, selectivity and double standards. We urgently need all States to truly commit to the human rights mechanisms that are of a thematic and universal and non-discriminatory nature. We note with great concern how conservative platforms and neo-fascist platforms are progressing and how, in developed countries, we are seeing fundamental rights being rolled back by decades, including women's equality, sexual and reproductive rights, the rights of people of African descent, ethnic minorities and migrants. Attempts by Western countries to turn this Human Rights Council into a body of repression against countries that do not subject to their interests are unacceptable and jeopardize both the credibility and the existence of this Council. The nefarious history of the implosion of the Human Rights Committee must not be repeated. The United States an active accomplice to the Israeli genocide in Gaza, questions the fact that a historical and priority issue, namely the flagrant violation of the inalienable human rights of the Palestinian people, to whom we reiterate our full solidarity, is being kept on the Council's agenda. The US Government is pursuing a policy of maximum pressure against Cuba, undermining consumption, income and the living standards of Cuban families. The economic blockade causes inflation, fuel shortages, shortages of food, medicines and seriously impairs our electricity supply. It hinders the full enjoyment of the rights to food, healthcare, culture and education, all of which the Cuban state strives to provide free of charge or in a highly subsidised way. We'd like to thank the 123 states who last July spoke out in this council against the inclusion of Cuba on the U.S. State Department's spurious list of countries that allegedly sponsor terrorism. Recently, ample evidence has been disclosed about the U.S. government's practice of allocating funds worth millions from the federal budget through organizations such as USAID in order to finance organizations, media outlets, communications, AI labs, and technological platforms which use human rights protection as a facade. and the protection of democracy as a facade, when in fact they follow illegitimate political interests pursued by the US government. This is a serious issue, one that is relevant to this council and its mandate, as it reveals the double standards and opportunism with which human rights have been used as an excuse to subvert sovereign governments. In November 2023, Cuba underwent its fourth universal periodic review and accepted more than 80% of the recommendations made, and we are continuing to consider and implement those recommendations. Last October, we successfully underwent our review before the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women. Last year, we submitted national reports on racial discrimination and enforced disappearances to the respective committees, and we received academic visits and four special procedures and one treaty body expert. This is a relationship that we hope to continue building together. Cuba will stand firm in its creative resilience. We will continue to defend our sovereignty and the socialist rule of law and social justice of our state. We will continue to defend the principles of universality, indivisibility, objectivity and non-selectivity in approaches to human rights. Cuba's voice will continue to sound out loud and clear in defense of the full dignity of humankind. Thank you very much.

Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite the contribution of His Excellency, Mr. Ian Borg, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Tourism of Malta by video.

Mr. President, High Commissioner for Human Rights, Excellencies, Allow me to congratulate His Excellency U. Klauber, Permanent Representative of Switzerland, on your election as President of the Human Rights Council for 2025. I'm certain that under your experienced leadership, the cycle of the Human Rights Council will serve to further strengthen human rights around the world. Mr. President, several important events have continued to shape the global scene. We have all seen major changes in Syria following the fall of the Assad government. We trust that those who hold the fate of the Syrian people in their hands make the right decisions to protect and defend the human rights of all ethnic and social groups within Syria. Malta encourages Syria to fully engage with the various UN structures while ensuring that all processes remain Syrian-led. Mr. President, Russia's continued aggression against Ukraine remains an issue of serious concern. We commend the International Independent Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine and the OHCHR for the diligently reporting on human rights violations. Malta once again condemns Russia's illegal war and occupation of territories within the internationally recognized borders of Ukraine and appeals for the complete halt of military action and full withdrawal from all occupied regions of Ukraine. In the Middle East, Malta welcomes the ceasefire agreement in Gaza and the return of Israeli hostages kidnapped by Hamas. During our UN Security Council term, we worked tirelessly to achieve such conditions. Therefore, we trust that the conflict will now end, allowing also Palestinian civilians in Gaza to rebuild their lives and homes. and also providing closure to Israeli families after months of uncertainty about the fate of their loved ones. Mr. President, Malta continues to fully support the work of this Council, as well as its mechanisms and special procedures. We also continue to support the independence of the Office of the High Commissioner, and also thank the High Commissioner for his unrelenting defense of human rights. It's my honor to announce also that Malta has decided to present its candidature as a member of the Human Rights Council for the term 2032-2034. Our role will serve to strengthen the Council's purpose and function in protecting international human rights standards. We stand ready to work with other Council members during our term in the pursuit of the noble aspirations of this Council. Mr. President, more remains to be done to ensure that everybody enjoys equal rights and opportunities. We will keep prioritizing the rights of women and girls and combating discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, race, or belief. Together, let us all strive to implement the human rights obligations we have all freely subscribed to. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. I now have the honor to invite the contribution of His Excellency, Mr. Sokhon Prak, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Cambodia, also by video.

President, High Commissioner, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, our world is at a critical juncture. where uncertainty and unpredictability seem to prevail. In addition to widening geopolitical divisions and humanitarian and climate crises, armed conflicts are prolonging unacceptable levels of suffering in many regions. These challenges, which are but some among many, underscore an undeniable truth, namely that peace is needed more than ever. A few years ago, a number of ambassadors asked me about our constant concern for peacekeeping. Since the outbreak of the war in Ukraine and the conflicts that have been ravaging the Middle East and those that continue to scar other regions, our answer has been reaffirmed. Peace as well as efforts seeking to bring peace about, are now at the very top of the world's political and diplomatic concerns. Putting an end to war, President, also involves ending the proliferation of human rights violations that we're seeing. President, if I speak to you today of peace, It is because peace, without any doubt, is the crucial foundation upon which sustainable development and human rights are built. These are the fundamental principles that justify the very existence of this Council, which today is holding its 58th session. Cambodia's experience shows that conflicts can be settled, that transitional justice can be established, and that war zones can be turned into havens of peace, cooperation, and development. However, Cambodia's transformation was not a stroke of luck. The visionary policy of Samdech Techa Hun Sen, our former prime minister, which focused on a win-win approach, sought not only to end decades of conflicts, but also to pave the way for a strategic framework for national reconciliation, stability, and socioeconomic development, which are still going strong today. The results speak for themselves. Life expectancy went from 59 years in 2000 to 76 years of age in 2021. Before the pandemic, our economy boasted an annual average growth rate of more than 7% for over two decades. In 2024, the figure stood at 6%. Last December, our country, along with Senegal, was officially removed from the list of least developed countries. Cambodia was not only successful in its own transition, but our country has also been generous in sharing its lessons learned, and we have made major commitments for global peace. Since 2006, we have deployed around 10,000 blue helmets, including 800 women, in the context of 11 United Nations peacekeeping missions. Our expertise in the area of mine clearance has benefited many regions. Last November, we hosted the fifth review conference of the Ottawa Convention, and we have recently been elected to the steering committee of the Peacebuilding Commission. These two events only strengthen our commitment to achieving a safer and more peaceful world. President, over and beyond our commitment to peace, Cambodia has also taken active steps within the United Nations human rights mechanisms. During the fourth Universal Periodic Review cycle last May, We reported on the tangible progress we've achieved. We accepted 85% of the recommendations that were made to us. And we renewed our memorandum of understanding with the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. In doing so, we further demonstrated our commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights and our openness for engaging in constructive and continued dialogue with the Office and the Special Rapporteurs. There is a clear link between peace, development and human rights. Similarly, The interactions between the representatives of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and those of the Royal Government of Cambodia are a bilateral process. Our country cooperates actively and UN mandate holders, for their part, have to shoulder their responsibilities by pursuing a genuine approach that is dialogue-based, free from confrontation, politicisation and selectivity, and they should avoid any double standards. Their assessments should be accurate, balanced and objective, and they should fully abide by the code of conduct, while at the same time taking into account input from the country itself. Straying from these principles could undermine the system's credibility and chip away at mutual trust. President, our civic space remains open. Initiatives such as the regular partnership forums between our government and civil society, the latest of which was held in December, illustrate Cambodia's commitment to inclusive governance. All human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development, deserve fair and equitable attention and should be exercised in respect of responsibility, and the rule of law. I thank you.

I'm honored to invite His Excellency Mr. Edil Baisarov, Deputy Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan, to take the floor.

Mr. President Lauber, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, For Kyrgyzstan, the protection and promotion of human rights are not mere aspirations. They are fundamental commitments that define our nation and form our DNA. We strongly believe that the primary responsibility for upholding human rights rests with the state. A just, strong, and effective government is the foundation for protecting and advancing the rights of every citizen. This is why Kyrgyzstan has undertaken decisive measures to strengthen the rule of law and fight corruption, eliminating criminal networks that have long undermined governance, economic development, and public trust. Our efforts are yielding results, making our institutions more resilient and our democracy more vibrant. Over the past four years, under the leadership of President Sadyr Japarov, Kyrgyzstan has experienced an economic transformation. We have tripled state revenue, doubled GDP, and achieved an impressive 9% economic growth over the past three years. This remarkable progress demonstrates a simple yet crucial truth. A strong economy empowers the state to better serve its citizens, improve governance, and ultimately enhance the protection of human rights. Economic stability provides the foundation for social programs, healthcare, education, and the rule of law, ensuring that rights are not just ideals, but tangible realities for our people. It is in this spirit of national progress that we here today in Geneva announce another historic achievement of President Sadyr Japarov, the finalization of the Kyrgyz-Tajik border agreement. This landmark resolution, concluded this past Friday, brings to a close a longstanding issue that has shaped relations between our two nations. Reaching this agreement required courage, determination, and unwavering commitment to peace. This historic agreement is a testament to the power of diplomacy and regional cooperation, and we are proud to take this momentum forward. I am also pleased to announce that this Ramadan Bayram, on March 31st, the presidents of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan will convene in the city of Khujand for a historic trilateral summit. This meeting will mark a new chapter of cooperation, dialogue, and shared prosperity in Central Asia. Ladies and gentlemen, Kyrgyzstan remains fully committed to democratic principles, including the fundamental freedoms of speech and association. We take pride in being a nation where diverse voices are heard, where civil society is active, and where citizens can freely engage in political and social discourse. At the same time, we recognize the growing global challenge posed by the spread of disinformation and the incitement of online hatred. We are working.

with international partners to ensure that while free speech is protected, it is not manipulated to sow division or undermine social cohesion. We are also taking concrete steps to advance gender equality, protect workers' rights, and promote social justice. Women's representation in governance continues to grow, and we remain committed to creating an inclusive society where every individual regardless of background, can fully realize their potential. Excellencies, in these challenging times, we cannot ignore the suffering of people in crisis. Kyrgyzstan is deeply concerned about the ongoing situation in Gaza and reaffirms its unwavering support for the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and statehood. as recognized by international law. We are particularly alarmed by any proposals that involve the forced displacement of the Palestinian population. Let us be clear, such actions would be nothing short of ethnic cleansing. Kyrgyzstan stands firmly against any attempt to forcibly remove civilians from their land, as this would constitute a grave violation of international law. We urge this Council to uphold justice, prevent collective punishment, and work towards a peaceful resolution that ensures the rights and dignity of all peoples in the region. Distinguished heads of delegations. The latest efforts to lay the ground for international negotiations to bring long-lasting peace to Ukraine embolden us in our hope that we will soon see the end of this conflict. And we call on all involved parties to put peace above all other concerns. Ladies and gentlemen, Kyrgyzstan looks forward to welcoming High Commissioner Turk to our country next month. and we will showcase our ongoing reforms and engage in meaningful dialogue on human rights and governance. I also take this opportunity to reaffirm our unwavering commitment to the UN Charter and the founding principles of this United Nations, principles of sovereignty, equality, and the peaceful resolution of disputes. It is in this spirit that the Kyrgyz Republic is presenting its candidacy for a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for the 2027-2028 term. We believe that as a nation committed to diplomacy, dialogue, and regional stability, Kyrgyzstan can make a meaningful contribution to global peace and security. We ask for the support of the international community in this endeavor. In these times of uncertainty, it is more important than ever to strengthen multilateral cooperation and ensure that human rights remain at the heart of the global agenda. Let us work together to build a world that is more just, more inclusive, and more peaceful. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite Her Excellency, Ms. Laura Camila Sarabia Torres, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Colombia, to take the floor.

President of the Human Rights Council, dignitaries, ministers, members and observers of the Human Rights Council, civil society representatives, and esteemed guests. Colombia is honored to have become a member of the Human Rights Council for the first time in its history. We took an active role in designing the Council at the start of this century. And so it was high time to take an active role in this multilateral forum, which addresses a vital issue for President Gustavo Petro's administration. Being part of the Human Rights Council provides us with an opportunity to reiterate our deeply held conviction that multilateralism is the appropriate vehicle for dialogue today to tackle the global challenges we're facing, and which I want to talk to you about. It's absolutely vital that we avoid a repetition of history. Ladies and gentlemen, the geopolitical situation today is risky and frenetic, and it jeopardizes the human rights of millions around the world. If we're here in the Council today, it's because it's our duty to design specific policies and measures to protect the human rights of millions of people which are currently at risk. If we're sat here in this room today, it's not just Because it's our privilege, it is also our responsibility. The world is awaiting for specific measures from us which can be applied in each one of our countries, particularly for the benefit of the most vulnerable. I want to cut to the chase. This Council has the duty to protect migrants, women, indigenous people, black people, those living in poverty, and above all, the most vulnerable communities. Generally, we must protect the people and groups which are suffering the swift changes in the international system. But amidst all this urgency, we mustn't neglect a differentiated approach in order to understand that serious human rights violations affect some groups more than others, notably women. And we also must have a gendered approach to migration. I want to focus on the human rights situation of migrants. Migration is a complex phenomenon and probably the most challenging issue today. When migrants reach a new country, they face legal and cultural barriers, there's a lack of opportunities, and they're often discriminated. All too often, these situations undermine their human rights. When I was on the plane coming here to Geneva yesterday, I read an absolutely devastating piece of news which told us about the situation of those people who are forced to leave their country to seek new opportunities. It was the tale of a young girl who decided to take her own life after having been bullied at school because of her parents' migratory situation. Her classmates mocked her, telling her that they'd call the authorities to come and arrest her parents. In the end, these jokes by her classmates reveal a very painful reality. It's this kind of discourse which is gathering strength, and it's based on the idea that migrants are people who don't have any rights. second-class citizens, so to speak. It was that kind of bullying which led to the end of that young life. No migrant is illegal. Let's be clear about that. Throughout the world, migrants must be treated in line with international standards, respecting their human rights. Being a migrant isn't being a criminal. Decent treatment of migrants is one of the state's responsibilities. There's no choice to this. It's a challenge that we as states face, and that's why we're here. How do we make sure that when we host migrants, we properly respect their human rights? Colombia could be held up as a model. My country has faced a number of migratory challenges in recent years, and we chose to design a policy which integrates, regulates, and includes migrants. In fact, we've been recognized as being one of the most supportive countries to migrants in the world. Over the past five years, Colombia has regularized the situation of over 2.5 million foreign residents. It's thanks to these efforts that we've ensured that migrants have access to basic services such as health, education, jobs, and social security. The reason why our policy has been a success is because of the spirit which underpins it. We recognize that migrants have dignity and their human rights must be respected without any limits, regardless of their legal status. So I propose that this Council immediately establish binding measures which will prevent that discourse of considering migrants as criminals from becoming the basis of migration policies. We need to do the opposite. We need to ensure that human rights discourse becomes a reality, a reality which upholds the dignity of people who migrate, who are forced to march for days on end to cross the dense jungle of the Darien Gap, or who cross the Mediterranean in rubber dinghies or are fleeing armed conflicts. It would be remiss of me not to mention the climate crisis as being one of the major challenges facing human rights today. Climate change is what leads to people facing more difficult living conditions, and it's forcing numerous people from the places where they live because they just can't live there anymore. and delays in effectively implementing the Paris Agreement have brought us to the point of no return. So we must work together urgently to tackle the climate challenge, which is a threat to human survival. That's why we will strive to ensure that the Council recognises that protecting human rights, particularly of the most vulnerable and marginalised, is linked to effective measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change and ensure that we can achieve climate justice and human dignity at the same time. We face a number of varied challenges today. In this 58th session, Colombia is sitting as a member for the first time in the Human Rights Council. The Council holds special value for our country and for our government. We were elected thanks to the call from civil society organizations who've been fighting for a fairer country for decades. and one which fully respects the rights of the Colombian people. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights set up a country office in 2006, and we have been following up on the special procedures reports and those of the treaty bodies. We need this kind of report as a means to improve. We must show the whole world that human rights discourse is not just hot air. We must make sure that people in villages, towns, run down neighborhoods and the vulnerable do benefit from the policies that we design here, that those policies are not just hot air. Colombia is a fierce defender of life and will do so as a member of the Council. This unprecedented situation requires unprecedented measures defending the most vulnerable. Colombia will tirelessly defend, respect, and make human rights discourse a reality throughout the world. Thank you very much.

Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite Her Excellency, Ms. Mako Borchorishvili, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Georgia, to take the floor.

Mr. President, Excellencies, on this day three years ago, Russia's war against Ukraine started and still continues to entail enormous human suffering and grave violation of international law. This war manifests the devastating effect of violent conflict on the protection of human rights. Before addressing current affairs, allow me to recall another date, 25th of February, marking the day of the Soviet occupation of Georgia in 1921, which halted our democratic development for seven decades. More than 30 years have passed since Georgia regained its independence, albeit its path is still paved with the fight for sovereignty and territorial integrity. Our recent history time and again illustrates the crucial importance of peace and stability for further development. Excellencies, this Council is well aware of the security and humanitarian challenges that Georgia faces in the wake of the continued occupation of two Georgian regions, Abkhazia and Tskhinvali, by the Russian Federation. Ethnic cleansing, the brutal violations of fundamental human rights, torture and murder, hundreds of thousands of internally displaced persons are undivided attributes of illegal occupation, which in turn causes division and separation of society, leaving people in the most severe humanitarian conditions. Russia still refuses to fulfill its international obligations, notwithstanding ruling of the European Court of Human Rights and International Criminal Court confirming its responsibility for occupation and ongoing violation of human rights in both Georgian regions. Against the background of occupation and depriving of internally displaced persons and refugees of their right to return home, any so-called elections held in the occupied territories are unlawful and have no legal effect as they contradict the fundamental principles and norms of international law. Georgia's annual HRC resolution on cooperation with Georgia continues to address the dire human rights situation on the ground and repeatedly demands unimpeded and immediate access of international human rights monitoring mechanisms to both occupied regions. Stemming from the above said, Georgia will retable the resolution again in September, and we count on your continuous support. Excellencies, the right to participate in public affairs is an essential element of democratic governance. 2024 marked a record-breaking electoral year globally, with voters from more than 60 countries casting their ballots. On October 26 last year, numerous international and local observers had an opportunity to witness 2 million Georgian citizens making their free political choice. Yet speculations around the parliamentary elections in Georgia still continues, while there is no ground for that. The utilization of manipulations aimed at creating an artificial crisis and destabilization of the country must be halted, and the results of the democratic choice of people must be respected. Dear colleagues, I believe that our efforts for achieving lasting peace, ensuring rule of law, and economic development can guarantee the greater protection of human rights. Let me bring to your attention just one example. Overall reform efforts in justice sector in Georgia since 2012 translated into the declining trend in applications against Georgia in the European Court of Human Rights. 3,045 cases filed against Georgia 2011 compared to 175 applications under consideration by the court as of July 2024 marks a remarkable decrease as one of the lowest figures in the Georgian history as the member of the Council of Europe. Furthermore, for the past 10 years, Georgia has developed a positive track record of implementation of the court judgments. 86 cases out of 104 have been closed since 2013. In the last few years, Georgia has achieved remarkable economic growth and progress in establishing inclusive access to the economy. We strongly believe that the development of urgent social programs, services is crucial in protecting the vulnerable groups as regards creating workplaces, employment, and decreasing social exclusions. Ladies and gentlemen, Georgia's Tain Committee took notion of effective implementation of the Council's mandate and placed its part in promoting, among others, the rights of women and girls, children and persons with disabilities, internally displaced persons, and conflict-affected people in the line with our HRC pledges. Here, let me underscore the new initiative, which explores the possibility of establishing an optional protocol to convention of the rights of the child to strengthen the right to free education. In this regard, Georgia was proud to co-sponsor resolution to establish a relevant intergovernmental working group. In conclusion, let me reiterate my government's full readiness to continue close cooperation with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and active engagement with the UN human rights mechanisms. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite Her Excellency, Mrs. Macheo Averisto, Minister of Human Rights and Citizenship of Brazil, to take the floor.

Jorg Lauber, President of the Human Rights Council, Excellencies. It is with a sense of honor and responsibility that I declare Brazil's commitment to the values of democracy, the defense of the rule of law, and human rights. Unless we guarantee social justice, gender equity, combat racism and ableism, and respect human diversity, we won't achieve democracy. In keeping with our democratic principles, Brazil has been building its public policies with broad participation from citizens. By next year, we will have held 28 thematic national conferences, including one on indigenous women and education, health and human rights. We're concerned that in today's geopolitical climate, democracies are under attack. There's growing recourse to social, racial, and environmental segregation in order to legitimize oppression, displacement, and the annihilation of millions of people. Hate speech and fake news, particularly online, are being used as strategies to dehumanise vulnerable groups and have caused serious human rights violations. We need to make a commitment to safety online and we must hold platforms accountable for content moderation. Last year, during Brazil's presidency of the G20, under the leadership of President Lula, we launched the Global Alliance Against Hunger and Poverty, and we urge you all to join this effort. Fewer weapons, more food, and more education. We remain committed to implementing the Sustainable Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda. The launch of SDG 18 on ethnic and racial equality is a vital contribution to combating racism in this, the second International Decade for Persons of African Descent. As we commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform of Action, Brazil adopted the Act on Equal Pay for Women and Men in 2023, and last year we adopted the law which establishes the national care policy, which apportions responsibilities for providing care among the state, families, the private sector and civil society. When it comes to the rights of migrants, refugees and stateless persons, We've been promoting effective governance of migration, which is underpinned by human rights. The Brazilian government has raised its concern about the growing criminalization of migrants in some countries. In this regard, we would like to emphasize that whenever people are returned to their home countries, their human rights must be fully respected. Brazil closely monitors migration procedures which involve its nationals as well as the children of its citizens that are born abroad. We need to find peaceful solutions to conflicts. Wars are afflicting women, children, older persons and persons with disabilities above all. And this is what compels us to promote the initiative for international humanitarian law. We must ensure that humanitarian aid is provided and that humanitarian workers and doctors remain safe. In addition, Brazil has signed up to the initiative for a new global partnership to speed up efforts to eradicate violence against children. On this subject, the Brazilian State has undertaken a number of different activities. Notably, we have set up a system for guaranteeing the rights of children and adolescents and adopted the Safe Space Act, guaranteeing the rights of children and adolescent victims. We're also a member of the core group on the resolution on the World program for education in human rights, and we've created a national network for continuing education in human rights with the aim of training public officials, journalists, and civil society. In addition, Brazil is progressing in the implementation of the National Plan for Protecting Human Rights Defenders, which is a framework for protecting these activists. Brazil will host COP30, and under President Lula's leadership, we are defending the convergence between the right to development, the sustainability agenda, climate justice, and human rights. We've been working for tangible progress to be made in the negotiations on a legally binding treaty on business and human rights. And This is a subject that we'll be taking up in the Regional Business and Human Rights Forum, which will bring together Latin American and Caribbean countries in April of this year. When it comes to memory and truth, we've re-established the Special Commission on Political Killings and Disappearances, and we have adopted the Act to enable death certificates to be corrected for those persons who were killed or disappeared during the military dictatorship in order to reflect that their death was caused by the Brazilian State in a context of systematic persecution. Brazil supports the mandate of the Independent Expert on violence and discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity, and we urge you all to support the renewal of that mandate. Ladies and gentlemen, we'd like to reiterate our commitment to multilateralism and the special procedures and mechanisms of the Council and the treaty bodies, and we would like to remind you that Brazil stands for to the Council for the 2027-2029 mandate, and we kindly request the support of the countries represented here today so that we can continue our work to defend a society which is democratic, plural, free, and truly driven by citizens. Thank you very much.

Thank you, Excellency. And I have the honor to invite Her Excellency, Ms. Hala bin Masied Al-Duwairi, President of the Human Rights Commission of Saudi Arabia, to take the floor.

Excellencies, Ambassador Lauber, President of the Human Rights Council, Excellency Mr. Volker Turk, High Commissioner for Human Rights, ladies and gentlemen, May the peace of God be upon you all. I have the pleasure at the outset to congratulate His Excellency Ambassador Jorg Lauber on assuming the presidency of the Human Rights Council for this session in 2025, wishing him continued success and prosperity. My country's delegation appreciates the vital role of the Human Rights Council in enhancing human rights conditions worldwide through constructive dialogue. We also value the Council's tireless efforts to ensure the success of its mission. While my country's delegation acknowledges the importance of all the 10 items on the Council's agenda, yet we underscore the urgent need for heightened attention to agenda item 7, the human rights situation in Palestine and other occupied Arab territories, particularly in light of the ongoing tragic events in Palestine. We also strongly reaffirm the importance of this item, and we stress the necessity of its continued inclusion and implementation until an independent Palestinian state is established along the 1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital. Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen, numerous reforms and advancements have been achieved in my country in the realm of human rights across various levels under Saudi Vision 2030. which is based on human rights principles, including equality and non-discrimination. This vision emphasizes the empowerment of women, youth, persons with disability, the elderly, and workers, ultimately aiming to achieve equality of life for everyone. My country also worked to develop its legislative system by amending and issuing different laws such as the labour law, the protection from abuse law, the child protection law, the rights of persons with disabilities laws, the protection of whistleblowers, witnesses, experts and victims law. Moreover, the Kingdom is hosting more than 15 million foreigners coming from more than 60 countries, constituting over 44% of our population. These individuals enjoy equal rights without discrimination and with the highest levels of protection. In addition to the efforts exerted to ensure equal access to education for all, we have integrated children of those residing in the Kingdom without legal status into our education system. The number of those accepted reached more than 132,000 students in 2024. As for the right to work, We have adopted numerous legislative, institutional, and procedural measures, including an update made to the labor law, the latest of which in August 2024. All this contributed to promoting workers' rights and providing a safe environment free from all forms of discrimination. The Kingdom has acceded also to the ILO Convention number 187, the Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention 2006. It had adopted also the national policy for the elimination of forced labor and established the National Council for Occupational Safety and Health. All these efforts have resulted in an increase in compliance rates among establishments with occupational safety and health standards from 15% to 73%. The injury rate has also fallen, reflecting a reduction of over 30% in the past six years. As a result of those intensive efforts to empower women, by the third quarter of 2024, women's participation in the labor market reached 35.4%, reflecting a 108% growth since 2017, which is well beyond the target set by Saudi Vision 2030. It's worth noting in this matter that the Kingdom currently chairs the UN Commission on the Status of Women. Through this presidency, the Kingdom aims to globally share its successful experiences in empowering women and advancing women's issue globally through the optimal use of this commission's mandate and tools. Ladies and gentlemen, My country has also made substantial efforts to strengthen international peace and security, grounded in our deep-rooted values and commitments to the UN Charter. We have always supported just causes, and we have worked to resolve crises, including the Russian-Ukrainian crisis. His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, played a pivotal role in mediating the release of several prisoners between Russia and Ukraine. Ladies and gentlemen, for human rights to thrive anywhere in the world, we must foster strong and cohesive societies. And this is done by addressing practices that harm the public, society as a whole, such as disrespect for religions and for religious symbols, hate speeches, and the erosion of family values. It's important not to impose one set of values over societies. We have to believe in the differences of societies at the cultural and civilizational level. And this is very important to strengthen and protect human rights. My country has given priorities to hosting major global events in different fields, including Expo 2030, the Asian Cup in 2027, and the FIFA World Cup in 2034. These events represent valuable opportunities to enhance communication between societies and establish principles of equality, tolerance, and fraternity among peoples. At the end, my delegation would like to reaffirm its continued cooperation with UN bodies and mechanism in the field of human rights, including your esteemed council. We stress the importance of adhering to the principles of respecting sovereignty, equality among states, impartiality, and objectivity in an atmosphere of fruitful cooperation and constructive dialogue. Thank you very much for your kind attention.

Thank you, Excellency. It

is now my honor to invite His Excellency Mr. Abdelatif Ouaabi, Minister of Justice of Morocco, to deliver his statement.

Mr. President of the Human Rights Council, Mr. High Commissioner for Human Rights, Excellencies, Ladies and gentlemen, it is my pleasure on behalf of the Kingdom of Morocco to express my happiness in participating in the high-level segment of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. I take this opportunity to extend my sincere congratulations to you, Mr. Joerg, and to your country, Switzerland, for assuming the presidency of this esteemed Council. And I wish you every success in your task. And we hope that we will continue the important work to improve the effectiveness of the work of this as done by your predecessor, Ambassador Omer's neighbor in 2024. through also the implementation of the outcome of the retreat that was in November 2024. The retreat was a moment for reflection and exchange on the Council's status and its future and ways to reform and improve its performance. I'd also like to take this occasion to reaffirm Morocco's unwavering commitment as a member of this Council to engaging with the utmost dedication and responsibility with its reform dynamics. We remain resolute in our commitment to positive and constructive interaction with the UN human rights mechanisms. Morocco is determined to further promote meaningful dialogue and cooperation among nations to defend universal human rights values. In a world increasingly shaped by challenges, crises, and risk, it is imperative that we join efforts and collectively mobilize in order to find peaceful and sustainable solutions to mitigate the impacts of crises in order to uphold a more just and peaceful world. Under the wise leadership of His Majesty King Mohammed VI, the Kingdom of Morocco has implemented a range of landmark reforms. It has implemented the social protection project, which has expanded the social security system to cover 24 million individuals and to achieve universal health coverage, ensuring protection for all citizens. Additionally, Morocco has strengthened its medical infrastructure and improved the quality of services by increasing the 2024 budget by 9%. It has also enhanced health solidarity by supporting populations in areas affected by cold waves. These achievements contributed to Morocco being selected to chair the Social Links Committee of the WHO in January 2024. The Kingdom of Morocco has dedicated full attention to supporting women victims of violence and promoting active aging while enhancing the social empowerment of families, improving child protection in its local dimension, ensuring the right to education and supporting the right to housing. As a result, it has advanced three positions in the 2023 and 2024 Human Development Index by the UNDP. Morocco continues to implement the National Climate Plan 2020-2024. 2030, which aims to reduce greenhouse gas emission by 42% by 2030. It also continues to develop the Noor Ouarizate solar energy project, providing electricity to 2 million Moroccans and reduce gas emissions by 1 million tons annually. These accomplishments have allowed Morocco to rise to the eighth place globally in the 2025 Climate Change Performance Index. Morocco is committed to protecting the right to water by accelerating investments in the water sector and addressing the challenges through the establishment of sea water desalination planets, connecting water basins via highways, accelerating dam rehabilitation, increasing capacity for the reuse and treated wastewater, and supporting the rational use of water resources. In 2024, we launched the process of revising the family code, which has become one of the most prominent reform milestones under the leadership of His Majesty the King. This reform follows a balanced approach that aims to maintain the national identity while carrying essential revisions related to social transformation and international human rights commitments. The extensive consultative approach involving relevant stakeholders led to the submission of over 100 proposed amendments. by the committee in charge of the family code review. These amendments aim to promote equality, non-discrimination between men and women, ensure the best interests of children, and embody the values of justice, equity, equal opportunity, and protection from abuse and exploitation. The government is currently working on transforming these proposals into legislative action. In order to enhance justice and modernize the criminal justice system, the draft law on the criminal procedure code is currently under discussion in the parliament. The law aims to strengthen the guarantees of a fair trial and ensure a balance between the prosecution's authority and the rights of other parties, reconcile the use of police custody with the protection of the rights of accused individuals. It also aims to ensure the proper functioning of justice and protect and assist vulnerable groups, rationalize pre-trial detention, adopt alternatives to detention. The law on alternative penalties represents a significant step toward enhancing criminal justice with a more humane approach aligned with the transformations in crime and current trends. It seeks also to adapt penalties and correct offenders' behavior and prepare them for reintegration into society. In a significant development reflecting a shift in our stance on the death penalty, Morocco voted in favor of the tense UN resolution calling for a moratorium on the use of the death penalty, which demonstrates Morocco's commitment to enhancing the protection of the right to life. In recognition of its efforts to combat transnational organized crime, Morocco was elected as vice president of Interpol for Africa with an overwhelming majority. It also elected as the co-chair of the UN Working Group on Human Trafficking session. In line with the constitutional right to strike, Morocco adopted an organic law outlining the conditions and procedures for exercising this right. The law ensures the right to strike, guarantees the protection of workers' rights, and safeguards trade union freedoms while maintaining societal rights, freedom of initiative, competition, and entrepreneurship. Last year, we celebrated the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Equity and Reconciliation Commission, which played a fundamental role in comprehensive human rights reforms in the country, helped us become a pioneer in the field of transitional justice. Mr. President, we're committed to fulfilling the international human rights obligations. We held an interactive dialogue with the Committee on Enforced Disappearance as part of the review of its initial report on the implementation The ICCP PED, we also submitted the report, uh, on the comprehensive national review on the implementation of the Beijing Declaration after 30 years, additionally, we're preparing a progress report on the implementation of, uh, the recommendations of the fourth UPR cycle. We are consistently and positively engaging with the request for visits from the special procedures of the HRC, hoping to reach an agreement for conducting balanced and independent visits that allow for a clear understanding of the human rights situation in Morocco. We continue to support the OHCHR and the thematic priorities in order to strengthen its ability to face challenges amid the persistent crisis. We're also working to help the office face challenges amid the persistent liquidity crisis. We have been staunch advocate of the universal ratification of international human rights treaties. Along with Argentina, France, and Samoa, we're leading an initiative for the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, in addition to an initiative to support the global ratification of the Convention Against Torture. In an earlier conference, we committed to including enforced disappearance in the criminal code, and we also committed to organizing a regional conference to engage best practices in implementation of resolution 51/33. With Paraguay and Portugal, we have taken the initiative to establish the International Network of National Mechanisms for Implementation, Reporting, and Follow-up, which was created in Asuncion in May 2024. And we are now the coordinator of this network in order to support the establishment of national mechanisms in member states and to strengthen their capacities. Also in October 2024, we hosted the 10th edition of the Gilan Human Rights Dialogue, which concluded with the adoption of the Marrakesh Guidance Framework for the establishment and development of effective national mechanisms. We reiterate our firm commitment to promoting human rights at the national level, as well as genuine and active engagement in relative international initiatives, particularly with our regional context, in line with a comprehensive and a balanced approach that aims to achieve sustainable development and promote peace and stability worldwide. In conclusion, I extend my best wishes for the success of this esteemed Council. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. I have the honour to invite the contribution of Her Excellency Mrs. Maria Salme Stenberg, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden by video.

President, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honour to address you today. I regret that I cannot be with you in person. The protection of human rights is a priority for Sweden and the Human Rights Council is vital in putting the light on the worst violations and abuses of human rights. In recent years, the Council has demonstrated its determination and its capacity to act to make sure that those responsible can be held to account. I am confident that by continuing to work together, we can achieve even more. To do this, We must cooperate with civil society. We must provide a safe space for human rights defenders. And we must continue to support the crucial and independent work of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and his office. Mr. President, for three brutal years now, the Ukrainians have fought for their freedom in the face of Russia's full-scale invasion. In report after report, the Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine has documented countless violations and war crimes, as well as crimes against humanity committed by the Russian authorities. Executions of prisoners of war, systematic torture and rape, the forcible transfer and deportation of Ukrainian children. Russia has shown no willingness to take responsibility for these crimes, nor to end its aggression. It is essential that the Council renews the mandate of the Commission and holds Russia accountable. There is a clear connection between Russia's external aggression and its internal repression. The human rights situation in Russia and its accomplice, Belarus, is alarming and deteriorating. Mr. President, the ceasefire in Gaza is an enormous relief. It must now be fully implemented. All hostages need to be released. A negotiated two-state solution remains the only path to sustainable peace and security. Mr. President, Sweden will work to ensure that gender equality remains a priority for the Council. The current pushback against the human rights of women and girls and LGBTIQ persons is extremely worrying. In countries such as Afghanistan and Iran, the oppression of women and girls is so widespread and so systematic that it intends to suppress women and girls into total submission, according to the Special Rapporteurs. We cannot let that happen. 30 years after the adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, we simply must do better. Mr. President, as UN Member States, we are the guardians of international human rights law. This is not a responsibility we should take lightly. It is vital for global peace, security and sustainable development that we honour our obligations. That we do our utmost to respect, protect and fulfill human rights for everyone, everywhere. This job is never finished. This is true also in my own country, Sweden. We look forward to the upcoming UPR review this spring to inspire our ongoing willingness to find efforts of improvement. We all need to show willingness. The willingness to investigate and offer reparations for violations, to take responsibility, to listen, to include, to improve. I am convinced that the Human Rights Council works best if it can help foster such willingness and translate it into concrete action and results. Thank you.

Thank you. I now have the honor to invite His Excellency, Mr. Timcho Momuzhinski, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of North Macedonia to take the floor.

Your Excellency, Jorg Lobber, President of the Human Rights Council, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. It is an honour to address you today, not only as a minister, but as a representative of a nation that, as of January 2025, is a proud member of the Human Rights Council. Moreover, the Human Rights Council remains the most crucial forum for addressing the challenges that hinder the protection and exercise of fundamental human rights and freedoms worldwide. Despite our collective efforts to uphold peace and security as essential prerequisites for the full enjoyment of human rights, the world continues to witness immense civilian suffering and gross, systematic, and widespread human rights violations. On behalf of my country, I take this opportunity, on the third anniversary of Russia's aggression against Ukraine, to reaffirm our unwavering support for Ukraine and its people. Respect for democratic principles, human rights, human dignity, and the rule of law are universal values that must be upheld by all. Violations of human rights and international humanitarian law must be thoroughly investigated, and perpetrators must be held accountable under international law. As a council member, we are committed to ensuring that human rights are upheld and that violations are addressed wherever they occur. including in Belarus, Afghanistan, Iran, Myanmar, Sudan, Syria, and Ukraine. Additionally, there is an urgent need to combat rising intolerance and discrimination, which manifest in various forms across the world, often leading to serious violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms. With climate change accelerating, the need for urgent environmental action has also become undeniable. A humane approach must be at the heart of these efforts. Last but not least, we must address the challenges posed by technological advancements, particularly the risks and opportunities associated with artificial intelligence. In other words, we must find ways to harness its benefits while simultaneously mitigating potential harm. Strong safeguards are essential to ensure that human rights are protected. Ladies and gentlemen, in line with our commitment to the protection and promotion of human rights and freedoms, my country continues to strive for the highest standards in this area, applying them at the national level. We remain dedicated to protecting human rights and freedoms with a particular focus on women's rights and children's rights, safeguarding the rights of persons with disabilities, and combating all forms of discrimination. Another key priority is also strengthening judicial independence and upholding the rule of law. I am pleased to highlight that in May of 2024, we successfully completed two interactive dialogues. The first one, a review of the fourth periodic report under the Convention against Torture by the relevant UN committee. And the second one, the dialogue with the Human Rights Council on the fourth national report under the Universal Periodic Review. We received 205 recommendations, accepted 191 of them, and have already begun their implementation. Our cooperation with UN mechanisms and treaty bodies remains strong. unwavering, and constructive. In support of this, I would like to highlight the upcoming visit by the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Dr. Alice Jill Edwards. Excellencies, last year during the UN Summit of the Future at the 79th General Assembly, we collectively adopted the Pact for the Future and its annexes, reaffirming the centrality of human rights. This is an opportunity we must not squander if we are to create a more effective and accountable framework for advancing the human rights agenda. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. I now have the honor to invite His Excellency, Mr. Ronald Ozi Lamola, Minister for International Relations and Cooperation of South Africa, to take the floor.

Thank you very much, Your Excellency Volker Türk, the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Excellencies, Heads of State and Government, distinguished delegates, Mr. President. It is a great pleasure to address this high-level segment of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council on behalf of the government and the people of the Republic of South Africa. I extend our warmest greetings. Last week, South Africa hosted the first meeting of foreign ministers of the G20 to concretize our work program during our presidency. The significance of South Africa's G20 presidency is that, for the first time, the G20 summit is being hosted on the African continent. South Africa has chosen the theme of solidarity, equality, and sustainable development to deepen international cooperation and bolster global partnerships. We view our presidency of the G20 as an opportunity to rebuild trust, reaffirm our commitment to multilateralism, and addressing the multiple crises facing the world today. South Africa intends to use its G20 presidency to action the Pact of the Future, which world leaders adopted at UNGA 79 last September 2024. to forge a global consensus and make progress in realizing our global priorities, including the SDGs framework to ensure the full and equal meaningful enjoyment of human rights by all. Mr. President, the theme and the focus of our G20 presidency finds expression in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which inspired South Africa's 1955 Freedom Charter. a visionary document that informed the struggle for a united, non-racial, non-sexist, and a democratic society. The provisions of the Freedom Charter, whose 70th anniversary we celebrate this year, are embedded in our country's progressive democratic constitution, which is renowned the world over. The letter and the spirit of the Freedom Charter continues to inspire South Africa's participation and engagement with the Human Rights Council. We remain committed to the democratic socio-economic transformation agenda of our country to reverse the legacy of colonial and apartheid disposition, discrimination and marginalization. As the High Commissioner recently stated, and I quote, "Redressing South Africa's racial imbalances and land ownership is vital to addressing the historical injustice of the apartheid era and fostering a more equitable future. The recently adopted expropriation law marks a critical step in this journey. Indeed, our Constitution enjoins us to build a just, equitable South Africa in which all share in its prosperity. It is for this reason that we champion equality and non-discrimination in this Council, including efforts to combat racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. In this context, we urge this Council to leverage the 60th anniversary of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination to conduct an honest assessment of the extent to which we have managed to contribute to attain our aspirations of a world free from these scourges. In order to intensify our efforts, equality in preparing to mark the 25th anniversary next year of the adoption of the Durban Declaration and the Programme of Action, The international community must double efforts to ensure the full implementation thereof through practical steps and actions. Similarly, the 80th anniversary of the United Nations, its charter, and the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action should serve as an inspiration to combat other forms of discrimination so that we can assure the realization of the inherent dignity and the equality and inalienable rights of all members of the human family. Accordingly, South Africa reaffirms the importance of gender equality and women's rights and the important role that women play in ensuring peace, security, development, and prosperity for humanity. Mr. President, as a beneficiary of international solidarity, today South Africa is able to assume its rightful place in this Council as a responsible member of the human family. We remain steadfast in advancing international peace and security through inclusive dialogue and peaceful political settlements of disputes in the African continent and beyond. Similarly, South Africa will never tire in standing side by side in support of the people of Palestine and Western Sahara in their struggles for freedom and self-determination against occupation. Mr. President, in today's world, When might appears to trump right, it remains incumbent on the Council to promote an equitable multilateral system. South Africa will therefore continue to advocate for the reform of the global governance institutions to protect human rights for all everywhere. As part of this process, the Council cannot afford to cherry-pick when and where we exercise our mandate. We must respond to all violations and abuses, regardless of who and where they are committed. In doing so, we will be making our contributions towards attaining the requisite balance between human rights, peace and security, and sustainable development. I thank you.

Thank you very much, Excellency.

Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, ladies and gentlemen, that was the end of the speakers list for this first meeting. We'll now have a very brief technical pause of two minutes before resuming with the high-level segment. And Mr. Kalit, with a statement by the Deputy Minister from Iraq. We already have some delay in getting through our list of speakers. I remind you that we have a speaking time of five minutes for the high-level segment speakers. With that, I declare the first meeting of the 58th session of the Human Rights Commission closed. Excellencies, distinguished participants, let us now resume. Good afternoon. I hereby declare open the second meeting of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. We shall now continue the high-level segment. And I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Shuja Khalid Saeed, Deputy Foreign Minister of Iraq. You have the floor, sir.

Madam Vice President of the Human Rights Council, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests, it's an honor for me to relay to you the pledge of the Government of Iraq, headed by the Prime Minister, Mohammed Shia Soodani. that will focus in our work on the protection and reinforcement of human rights through our program, which has so far been implemented up to 73 percent, two years on since the formation of the government. The government has conducted the population census for 2024, which was delayed since 1997. The census aims to find data to achieve our vision for the implementation of sustainable development goals 2030 agenda. The economic sector saw an increase in the production and diversification of resources, and so the completion of the first phase of the construction of Great Fao Port and the start of the development road in cooperation with the neighbors. We have launched also the 2024-2030 agricultural strategy to reinforce food security and rural development. The energy sector was developed through the development of gas, which is a byproduct of oil extraction, in order to meet local demand and limit the negative impact on the environment. With regards to women empowerment, we see that women participation in the political life has increased up to 29% seats in the parliament, with 92 women in the parliament. Women also hold the chairmanship of six parliament committees. Women represent 26% of government of governance councils. Representation of women in Kurdistan rights represent 31 percent of MPs of the parliament. We have also three women ministers in the government. We see also an increase of women in the executive, where we have 708 women as general directors, three presidents of universities, and 77 deans of universities, and 191 judges. Women working in security are over 15,000. President, Iraq is a country. It stands out for its cultural and religious diversity. The government policy aim is to ensure the present and the future of the diversity. The number of schools using the languages of our national components are 892. A number of parties representing them are 30. Number of civil society organizations representing these components, and which is a real partner of the government, are 79. The government also built churches and places of worship, which were destroyed by Daesh gangs, We have constructed six churches, 40 shrines for Yazidis, and 22 for Shabak and Turkmen. President, our world is facing an escalation of challenges, including climate change and hate speech and impunity, together with gross violations of international law. The world has seen for the first time in history, saw in Gaza a televised genocide, which saw the killing of 50,000 persons, most of them are children and women. This raises a question about our trust in the universality of human rights, which should protect human rights and human dignity for all without discrimination. This disregard encouraged some sides to call for enforced displacement of the people in Gaza, which we are expecting from the world to stand by its side in order to reconstruct the Strip at the end of hostilities. In this light, I wish to stress our steadfast position which supports the rights of Palestinians and their right to self-determination on their historical lands and to have their own country with Jerusalem as its capital. I express our government's support for UNRWA as the only competent UN agency to support the Palestinians and enable them to adapt to the difficult circumstances facing them, Palestinians who need UNRWA now more than ever before. President, We continue to cooperate with various human rights mechanisms, the last of which was our discussion of our 4 UPR report, to which 93 countries participated. We welcome the positive engagement from countries, and we are studying recommendations tabled to us by these countries with greater spirit of cooperation. On the legislative level, we are cooperating with the parliament in order to review laws and amend them. In line with our international commitments, we have passed various amendments and laws which aim to reinforce the protection of the rights of all segments of society, ensure equality and justice, the last of which were the amnesty law. which will lead to address overcrowding in the prisons and ensure social cohesion. In closing, I wish to call upon all Member States of the UN to support our candidacy to the membership of the Human Rights Council from 2026 to 2028. during the elections, the upcoming elections in New York of this year. Iraq is looking forward to work with all parties in order to protect and reinforce human rights, and we will be focusing on dealing on the negative impacts of climate change, water scarcity, desertification, and drought, and helping developing countries and least developed countries to have adaptation programs to limit the impacts of climate change on them. The Human Rights Council should speak with one voice when dealing with these issues in order to ensure good implementation and in a timely manner before it is late. Thank you very much and wish you success. in your works and your meetings. Thank you.

I thank you, Vice Minister. I would now like to give the floor to Her Excellency Mariam **** Ali bin Nasser Al Misnad, Minister of State for International Cooperation of Qatar. You have the floor.

Madam President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, may the peace of God be upon you. I have the honor to speak at this session of the Human Rights Council. I congratulate the President on his election to the presidency and wish every success to him and the Bureau members. This session takes place at a time of great challenges because of armed conflicts. This impacts on human rights everywhere in the world. The violation of human rights is seen everywhere. We see international standards being violated and acceptance of this by member states. The people of Palestine have been living in crisis for 70 years. There are 10,000 victims of the Gaza conflict. Over 90% of infrastructure, basic infrastructure, has been destroyed. Hospitals, schools. And we see that humanitarian aid has been obstructed. 3 million people, including older people and children, have been displaced. Qatar. has shown leadership in promoting international peace and security and seeking to resolve conflicts peacefully. We have worked with Egypt and the USA to reach a ceasefire and ensure the exchange of hostages, as well as the delivery of humanitarian assistance, which has been distributed in a number of points in Gaza. We have sought to restore hospitals and schools, bakeries, and other infrastructure. The ceasefire has brought some mitigation of the suffering of the people of Gaza. We call for regional and international efforts to provide humanitarian assistance to Gaza. We must support the UN in this effort. Qatar seeks to offer assistance to families of victims. We have opened a sea bridge to provide fuels to Gaza. Other measures will be needed. All parties must respect the ceasefire and allow delivery of humanitarian assistance without obstacle. Efforts must be made to reconstruct Gaza so that the people of Gaza may occupy their land peacefully. We are against the displacements which are an obstacle to peace and security in the region. lasting peace is not possible without allowing the people of Palestine to enjoy sovereignty and a state with the 1967 borders and Jerusalem as capital for Syria we have brought to an end a dictatorship and Qatar has always been opposed to human rights violations. We have supported peace efforts for the people of Syria. We welcome the efforts made to bring understanding among Syrians and build peace and security, the rule of law, and rebuilding of institutions. We are committed to the territorial integrity of Syria. Sanctions must be lifted. The people of Syria must be able to live in dignity. On Sudan, our position is clear. We are committed to the independence and sovereignty of Sudan, opposed to external interference. We continue the role that we have played since the start of the conflict. We take a fraternal approach to Sudan, providing assistance to its people to limit the impact of the disaster, which is one of the worst in recent history, with women and children the main victims. There is political will, which is crucial for human rights. Qatar holds these dear, and we work with all members of the Council to meet these objectives. We will support efforts made to uphold the values and principles of human rights. in order that we may build a better world for all. Thank you.

I thank you, Excellency, and I will now give the floor to His Excellency Wang Yi, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, director of the Office of the Central Commission for Foreign Affairs, and Minister for Foreign Affairs of China.

President, colleagues, 80 years ago, the United Nations was born amongst the hopes of people around the world to beat swords into plowshares, carrying a lofty dream for all people to enjoy full human rights are marking an important milestone in the course of human progress. 80 years on, global transformation unseen in a century is accelerating, and maintaining peace, promoting development, and protecting human rights are more deeply ingrained convictions. In the meantime, deficits in global peace, development, security, and governance are exacerbating. And we are confronted with the critical question of where humanity is headed in this new era. To answer this question, President Xi Jinping has made a call for the building of a community with a shared future for mankind and put forward the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, and Global Civilization Initiative, proposing China's solution to the world. President Xi also points out that promoting and protecting human rights is a common cause for all humanity and necessitates wide consultations and joint efforts. China stands ready to work with all countries to keep to the right approach to human rights and push for the reforms and improvement of global human rights governance. Firstly, we shall stay committed to our original aspiration and founding mission and clarify the true essence of human rights cause. Democracy and freedom are not a decoration for display. The most important yardstick for a country's human rights situation is whether the interests of its people are effectively protected and their sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security improved. Therefore, we need to uphold a people-centered approach, make people's interests the fundamental starting point and ultimate goal, and keep addressing the pressing and practical issues that people care about most. We need to ensure that development is for the people and by the people, its fruits are shared among the people, and its purpose is to deliver happiness to the people. We must say no to any wars and deeds that use human rights as an excuse to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries in disregard of national sovereignty and security and safety of people's lives. Secondly, We should uphold fairness and justice and clarify the goal of human rights cause. As the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states, all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. The two international covenants on human rights clearly stipulate that in no case may a people be deprived of its means of subsistence. Human rights should be an entitlement of all, not the prerogative of a few. The situation of the strong staying strong and the weak staying weak must not be allowed to continue, and the practice of pitting individual human rights against collective human rights must be readdressed. To this end, the rights to subsistence and development should be taken as a fundamental human rights of primary importance, On the premise of safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and dignity, we need to take a balanced approach to individual and collective rights to advance political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, educational, and otherwise in tandem, and to further ensure equality and special protection for specific groups, including women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. This is a way to ensure that all types of rights complement and reinforce each other. We must say no to any words or deeds that apply double or even multiple standards on human rights issues. Third, we must stay committed to engagement and mutual learning and clarify the path to promoting human rights. There is no one-size-fits-all model for human rights. Countries choose their own path. to human rights progress according to their national conditions. No path is superior to others, and each has its own distinctive features. Human rights governance should be built by all. The benefits of human rights development should be shared by all. And this path and philosophy should be explored through engagement and mutual learning among all countries. In this regard, it is important for us to uphold true multilateralism, to adhere to the principle of impartiality, objectivity, non-selectivity, and non-politicization, to conduct constructive dialogue and cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual respect, to effectively increase the representation and voice of countries of the Global South, and to build a just, equitable, inclusive global human rights governance system. We must say no to any word and deeds that impose one's own model or will on others and politicize, instrumentalize, or weaponize human rights. President, colleagues, China is further deepening reforms comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. The modernization we are pursuing is not exclusive. but one of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity for all countries. China, caring deeply for the future of humanity and the well-being of all countries, will be a practitioner of international cooperation, a promoter of mutual learning among civilizations, and a builder of community with a shared future for mankind. We'll be more proactive in international human rights cooperation and work with all sides together to usher in a better future for the global cause of human rights. I thank you.

May I thank the Minister of Foreign Affairs of China. And it's an honor for me now to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Sugiono, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Indonesia.

Madam Vice-President, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, It is a great honor to stand before you today for the first time as Indonesian foreign minister, and my presence here reaffirms Indonesia's unwavering commitment to human rights under the presidency of Mr. Prabowo Subianto. As we continue to advocate for just and principled approach amid global challenges. We remain dedicated to our constitutional mandate, which says to establish a world order based on independence, lasting peace, and social justice. As the world's fourth most populous country and the largest Muslim-majority democracy, we embrace our role in promoting a just and equitable world. Amid escalating global uncertainty, this role is more crucial than ever, as global peace and prosperity are increasingly threatened by unprecedented challenges. We are witnessing increasing fragility in the international order, in which inequality continues to widen, burdening developing nations the most, deepening global disparities. Racism, discrimination, hate speech, and Islamophobia are escalating, threatening social cohesion. For millions, freedom remains an unfulfilled promise, ranging from the people in Palestine to countless girls and women in Afghanistan. Conflicts persist while unilateralism is alarmingly becoming the norm, undermining trust in multilateral cooperation. These challenges demand a renewed and unwavering commitment to human rights, justice, and equality. Madam Vice President, Excellencies, Distinguished delegates, we firmly believe that human rights must be at the core of national policies. And for decades, Indonesia has thrived in harmony and peace, upholding the principle of human rights while embracing the rich diversity of ethnic, religious, racial, and linguistic identities that define our nation. Under President Prabowo Subianto, we are strengthening social and economic rights to tackle poverty, inequality, and disparities. And as part of implementing human rights to our people, the government has launched initiatives and programs, which includes Free nutritious meals, aiming to feed more than 82 million students every day. Adequate housing, with the target of building 3 million homes for those who need it. And also free medical checkups. which available for chil- children under six and adults, which enhancing access to essential healthcare. These are part of our human capital investment, and also a part to increase our human dignity for generations to come. And these align with High Commissioner Turk's statement this morning on the importance of right to food, adequate housing, and rights to health. Indonesia is also advancing self-sufficiency in food, energy, water, and the development of a resilient green and blue economy. We believe that the right to development must be upheld, ensuring every nation utilizes its resources for the well-being of its people. However, Human rights must be safeguarded with justice and equality. No country holds absolute moral authority over others. Human rights should never be weaponized as political tool to hinder a nation's growth and development. As rightly mentioned by Secretary General Guterres, that human rights are the oxygen of humanity, but one by one, human rights are being suffocated. For Indonesia, standing firm for justice also means taking a stand against global injustice. We will not stay silent in the face of the ongoing occupation of Palestine, nor will we ignore the harmful consequences of unilateral coercive measures. We call out those who profess to champion human rights to stop the genocide and war and stop the double and multiple standard in human rights implementation. And in our region, Indonesia remains steadfast in pursuing a peaceful resolution in Myanmar advocating for the rights of the Rohingya people and the restoration of democracy through inclusive dialogue. Madam Vice President, Excellencies, and distinguished delegates, as I conclude, I think there's a crucial question on what is the way forward and how do we turn our principles into action. The Human Rights Council must stand as a true beacon of hope for victims, defenders, and all those seeking justice. The Council must remain focused on its core mandate, protecting human rights for all, and not becoming a stage for political agenda. Genuine human rights cooperation must be built on true commitment. equal partnership and shared benefits, not selectively approach or double standards. Resources for the UN's human rights pillar must be realigned to prioritize tangible impact over politicization and ensuring national priorities, which guide the distribution of these resources. Let us transform human rights from mere rhetoric into reality for all. And Indonesia will always stand for justice, equality, and concrete solutions that drive real and lasting impact. Thank you.

Thank you very much indeed, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Indonesia. Without further ado, it's an honor for me to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Osman Saleh Mohammed, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Eritrea.

Mr. President, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to address this esteemed Assembly at such a crucial moment in our shared history. While my message is delivered through a pre-recorded statement, the gravity of the matters at hand compels me to speak directly to the Council. We meet today at a time of immense global challenge, conflict that ravage nations, humanitarian crisis that tear apart communities, and an international order that, with alarming frequency, falters in the face of resolute action. At this critical juncture, It is essential to reflect on the role of this Council and its capacity to address the profound issues facing humanity. At its best, this Council should be a champion for peace, justice, and human dignity, a forum for genuine dialogue, and a meaningful resolution. Yet the annals of its history bear testimony to an unfortunate proclivity for apportioning blame rather than cultivating the spirit of concord. Mr. President, having borne the mantle of Council membership for six years, Eritrea did not undertake its candidature lightly. Rather, it was an endeavor rooted in sincere commitment to engage with integrity and forthrightness. To serve within this body, is a duty which Eritrea embraces with the utmost gravity, underpinned by the sacrosanct tenets of dignity and truth. However, for no less than 13 successive years, Eritrea has been the subject of deliberate and unwarranted vilification within this Council, assailed at the behest of certain powers. This relentless and the indiscreet mandates are not born of a genuine aspiration to safeguard human dignity, but rather wielded as an instrument of coercion to besmirch Eritrea's image, to encroach upon its sovereignty, and to exert undue geopolitical duress. The authors of these resolutions remain unchanged. their roots unaltered, revealing an entrenched pattern of partiality and duplicity that runs counter to the lofty ideals that this institution purports to uphold. Furthermore, Eritrea, along with many other sovereign nations, continues to suffer the effects of unilateral coercive measures. These punitive measures, lacking the legitimacy and antithetical to the fundamental precepts of international law, are designed to weaken independent nations, erode their economic sovereignty, and hinder their developmental aspirations. Distinguished delegates, contrary to the fallacious narratives that seek to portray Eritrea as an isolated country, our nation plays its modest yet principled role in global affairs. Through sports, arts, and heritage, Eritrea continues to enrich the global cultural landscape, celebrating unity in diversity and mutual respect among nations. Even amidst challenges, Eritrean talent flourishes. This spirit of excellence and perseverance was resoundingly affirmed on the grandest of stages when Binyam Girmay cemented his legacy by clinching the coveted green jersey at the Tour de France, becoming the first Black African to achieve this milestone in the race's 111-year history. Binyam did not merely win a title. He shared barriers. He shattered barriers, dispelled prejudices, and showcased to the world the tenacious vigor, unflagging aspiration, and peerless excellence that define Eritrean youth. Mr. President, Eritrea's vision is clear. We are deeply committed to building a prosperous, self-reliant nation where every citizen enjoys the benefits of education, healthcare, and housing throughout the country. We are steadfast in the reinforcement of our institutions and the cultivation of long-term alliances with nations that share our values for respect, justice, and mutual development," conclude Eritrea reaffirms with resolute conviction, its dedication to constructive engagement with this Council. We remain ever prepared to contribute with earnestness in the spirit of common endeavor and to work continuously towards the exalted ideals of peace, justice, and the sanctity of human dignity. I thank you.

We are grateful to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Eritrea. It is now for me to give the floor to His Excellency Alberto Banquelerin, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Chile.

Senora Vice President, Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights, delegates, excellencies, civil society representatives, it's an honor for me to address you. as I represent the Government of Chile here and the President Gabriel Boric. The Human Rights Council is the main arena for cooperation and dialogue which the United Nations has. Chile became a member and did so with responsibility and rigour, and it now holds the deputy presidency. Under this premise, I'm delighted to announce the candidacy of my country to its re-election for the period covering 2026-2028. I will explain to you why we are making this application. It goes back to 2021, under a previous Government cycle, during which people at power who were different from our political affiliation However, we are consistent as far as our human rights policies are concerned, and therefore the government of President Boric not only kept this commitment, but also converted it into a priority of its foreign policy. This is extremely relevant because today's context is one in which what we thought was acquired is now meeting resistance and setbacks. This commitment has deep roots since the participation of the Chilean Hernan Santa Cruz in the commission that drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Chile has worked to ensure that the approach to human rights was thus broad, comprehensive vision, including economic, social, and cultural rights. Following this legacy, we reaffirm our commitment to the defense of fundamental rights worldwide without double standards. As we get closer to the 20th anniversary of the creation of this Council, we reaffirm our commitment to this arena and we appeal to the world to promote constructive dialogue with all the actors of the universal system without exclusions and to support the independent technical work carried out by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. With this new membership, Chile hopes to continue the work it does to promote and protect human rights as a standing policy. We wish to consolidate the consensus established in the 1993 Declaration and Programme of Action of Vienna, which is on the universality, indivisibility, interrelation and interdependence of these rights. Madam Vice-President. In 2025, Chile will keep its focus on the protection of the environment, gender equality, the human rights situation in Latin America, especially the cases of Nicaragua and Venezuela, and the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, the occupied territories of Palestine, and the sequelae of the Russian invasion of Ukraine into Aelia. We have also identified new challenges that call for urgent attention, one of which is transnational organised crime. We are aware of the need to guarantee security for all persons on our territory. That being said, that endeavour must be achieved while respecting at the same time the human rights of all persons involved, and that is accused persons, victims and witnesses. Chile has worked in this Council to promote practical alternatives that would make it possible for states to tackle these challenges by reaffirming that security and human rights are not opposing concepts, but rather complementary concepts. Madam Vice-President, Chile's commitment to human rights is reflected in our openness to multilateralism. That is why we have extended an open and standing invitation to the Human Rights Council's special procedures. Since we became a member in 2023, we received five visits of these mechanisms. Furthermore, in 2024, Chile underwent its universal periodic review, and when we did so, we met our commitment Two, establish a national mechanism to follow up on recommendations. We accepted 98.5% of the 329 recommendations we received, and we therefore reaffirmed our conviction that international transparency and scrutiny strengthen human rights protection and democracy. In a world wherein global challenges call for collective responses, Chile supports the work of multilateral bodies. The promise of peace and security, which gave rise to the United Nations after the Second World War, cannot be left aside just because today we have short-term considerations and interests linked to the prevailing situation. To summarize, Chile puts multilateralism at the heart of what we do to protect human rights. We want this forum to continue to be an arena in which there is an effective dialogue, which is committed to the promotion of the protection of the rights of all persons, be these rights civil, political, economic, social, or cultural in nature. Thank you very much for your attention.

I thank the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile. And I now give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Ararat Mirzoyan, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.

Honourable Chair, ladies and gentlemen, At the outset, I would like to extend my heartfelt congratulations to His Excellency Mr. Jurg Lauber of Switzerland and the whole Bureau of the Human Rights Council on their election. We wish you every success and stand ready to support your important mission. Today, as the world continues to face the consequences of violent conflicts, forced displacement, and gross violations of fundamental rights, the urgency to strengthen the human rights pillar of the United Nations is as relevant as ever. The scale and severity of atrocity crimes and grave violations, as well as our collective inability neither effectively prevent nor ensure accountability, put at risk the whole set of fundamental values upon which the United Nations and its human rights system were created. basic norms on which all and each of us agreed without reservation. Against this background, the role and visibility of the human rights system has increased dramatically. More and more people, civil society organizations and other stakeholders engage with the Human Rights Council, refer to special procedures and treaty body mechanisms. This comes to testify that the human rights pillar remains the inspiration of hope and justice for millions of people, for our citizens. Honourable Chair, I am proud to state that even in most trying times, Armenia continues to make progress in consolidating and strengthening its democratic institutions, enhancing judicial independence, and combating corruption to build a more equal and just society. We have recently established the national mechanism for implementation, reporting, and follow-up of human rights commitments and obligations, and view it as an important domestic mechanism to mainstream rights-based approach in all policy areas. Later this year, Armenia will be presenting its fourth Universal Periodic Review, which has been concluded based on numerous rounds of consultations between governmental and non-governmental organizations, actors. Armenia remains steadfast in its commitment to the protection and promotion of human rights domestically and globally. We strive to provide platforms for diverse voices and find solutions to the most acute issues of human rights and humanitarian domains. In this regard, last year, In December, Armenia hosted the fifth Global Forum Against Crime of Genocide. The forum gathered officials, eminent experts, representatives of international organizations, United Nations Special Procedure mandate holders, civil society, and academia, who looked at the role that small states can play in shaping and moving forward the prevention agenda, examined the evolution of the UN early warning and early response mechanisms, focusing on the necessity to improve operational and policy coherence. Participants also deliberated on functions and roles of various regional and global organizations, as well as global judicial bodies. Armenia also hosted the eighth ministerial meeting of the Ancient Civilizations Forum, placing the protection of cultural heritage at the core of its discussions. Next year, we will have pivotal importance for my country and our commitments to advance global environmental goals as the 17th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the COP17, will be taking place in Armenia. We attach utmost importance to organizing an inclusive Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. The Armenian presidency will strive to organize a successful conference with full and meaningful participation, including civil society, academia, indigenous people, local communities, women and youth organizations, and other relevant stakeholders. Armenia looks forward to cooperating with the United Nations member states, civil society, and non-governmental organizations in the effective organization of this crucial international environmental conference to bring the global environmental processes back on track for sustainable development and true inclusivity when it comes to multi-stakeholder participation. Ladies and gentlemen, One year ago, in my statement, I made extensive references to the challenges that Armenia was facing. Unfortunately, most of those challenges still remain unresolved, despite the tremendous efforts of my country. Statements coming from our eastern neighbor continue to question the territorial integrity of Armenia. despite the recognition of each other's territorial integrity based on the 1991 Alma-Ata Declaration, which, among others, had reconfirmed that the administrative boundaries of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic had become international borders between the two independent republics. Moreover, as we speak, The mock trials against 23 Armenian individuals who are arbitrarily detained are taking place in Azerbaijan with disregard of human rights standards for due process. One year ago, The High Commissioner for Human Rights informed this Council that the OHCHR deployed two teams to Armenia to collect information about the situation of more than 115,000 ethnic Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh. We believe that the results of the mission will be an important contribution towards advancing the reconciliation efforts. The Republic of Armenia. remaining faithful to its agenda on establishment of peace and stability in our region, has made several constructive proposals to the Azerbaijani side, including within the context of the peace agreement, opening of transport infrastructure, mutual arms control and verification mechanism, et cetera, having in mind the necessity to establish a strategic deal that will resolve all major issues. We remain convinced that constructive response and further engagement and demonstration of political will of both parties will largely contribute to opening a new era of peace in our region. In this very context, I would like to once again reconfirm the willingness of the Armenian side to turn the page of enmity and establish institutionalized peace. We are not only ready for this, but will not divert from this path. And I thank you.

I thank the Foreign Minister of Armenia. And I now have the honour to give the floor to Her Excellency Thorgerdur Katrin Gunnarsdottir. You have the floor, Iceland.

Madam Vice-President, I am tempted to begin my very first address to the Human Rights Council by quoting the preamble of the United Nations Charter, signed eight decades ago this June. To recall the pledge that was made in 1945 in San Francisco, USA, too, and I quote, "Save succeeding generations from the scourge of war and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights and the dignity and worth of the human person in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small." It seems to me appropriate, as we celebrate the 80th anniversary of the United Nations, to bring these exactly fundamental principles back to our minds, since we regrettably appear to be moving through rather rough seas. The international system is being challenged exactly when we need it the most, with worrying signs of willingness by major states to put aside all of that which has served us so well. Once again, there are those who seek to govern through the rule of the strongest, where might makes right, fundamental human rights be damned, equal rights of nations large and small no longer the guiding principle. The examples of this dangerous trend of disregard for international law are, unfortunately, many. But the clearest sign is something we are very much focused on today, and as we send our best wishes to the people of Ukraine. Today marks the day that the neighbor, Russia, three years ago began its illegal and wholly unjustified full-scale invasion and war of aggression. Slava Ukraini. Distinguished audience, it is my privilege to address this Council as a foreign minister of a country now serving as an elected member. This is the second time Iceland serves on the Council, and we return determined to actively contribute to the Council's core mandate of advancing the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms of all people, and to address human rights violations and abuses anywhere. During our membership, we will focus specifically on children and youth, on the rights of women and girls, and also on the rights of LGBTQIA+ people. there is also ample reason to put exactly these issues front and center. We realize that not every United Nations member state has yet arrived at the same conclusion we have, that advancement of gender equality and human rights of all people, regardless of gender or sexual orientation, is key to releasing the true potential of society. that equality and prosperity are in fact strongly linked. To them I say that we are all God's children, equal and entitled to the same rights and respect. We hope through our work on this Council to bring others further along with persuasion and perseverance. It is a matter of some pride for us that Iceland is seen as a trailblazer in terms of gender equality. While we still have work to do at home, I want to share with you recent development related to political participation and representation, namely that the new three-party coalition government, of which I'm part of, is now led by three women, the first in our history. Iceland has also seen progress with regard to LGBTQIA+ rights. We are now number two on the ILGA Europe rainbow map. We take pride in the policies that underpin this success, and there is broad consensus around them at home. Nevertheless, we are not immune in Iceland to the negative trends that have emerged internationally

backlash against what I consider progress. Ideologies that undermine the existence and rights of individuals, particularly transgender individuals, unfortunately flow now across borders through social media. This is especially concerning as these ideologies now seem to originate in some of the most powerful countries in the world. For me, the starting point is a simple truth: no person should have to live in fear of persecution and violence. This continues to apply if the persecution is based on a person's sexual orientation or gender identity. And we will not hesitate to stand up on their behalf here in this venue, amplifying the voices of those who fight for their rights. Because we are all, we are all born free and equal. Your Excellency, Excellencies, the founders of the United Nations 80 years ago determined to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbors, to unite their strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure by acceptance of principles and the institution of methods that armed force shall not be used save in the common interest. Theirs were worthy goals. It would be wrong to say they have all been achieved without difficulties so far. Far from it. The Israeli warfare in Gaza for 15 months following the Hamas terrorist attack on 7 October 2023 is only the latest testament of the failure of our system to address urgent crises. And yet, that complex problem now seems more divisive than ever, the talk of the removal of people from Gaza being only the latest example of the crossroads we now find ourselves at. We also see conflicts elsewhere, where people live in fear and their human rights are being eroded. An example are the rights of women and girls in Afghanistan, which now seem barely to exist. That should not be tolerated in our world. Our international system, the rules-based order we have increasingly lived by, is under attack by forces that mean to reshape our world. who ultimately want to do away with multilateralism altogether. There is only one way to meet these challenges. We must redouble our efforts, recommit ourselves to principles laid out in the UN Charter. It may prove difficult. It may require sacrifices. For sure, it will require sacrifices, since, after all, the world is a different place than it was in 1945, and the United Nations must reflect those changes through reform and renewal. But by addressing, in unison, the challenges faced by humanity, we are more likely to succeed, and only with common rules can we act united. We need to reaffirm our faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of all people, in the equal rights of all people and of nations, large and small. Thank you.

I thank the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland. I have the honor to give the floor to Her Excellency Hana Arayaselassie, Minister of Justice of Ethiopia.

Madam Vice President, Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, I am delighted to address this high-level segment of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. The government of Ethiopia expresses sincere appreciation to member states for electing Ethiopia as a member of the United Nations Human Rights Council. This tenure will allow us to contribute to fostering cooperation and addressing emerging human rights challenges across the globe. Ethiopia looks forward to working collaboratively and constructively with member states of the Human Rights Council to advance the global human rights agenda. The government of Ethiopia has made significant progress in fulfilling its UDHR 75 pledge by taking key measures to promote and protect human rights. These efforts include expediting the ratification of human rights treaties, strengthening international cooperation, and implementing key legislative policy and institutional reforms. We have undertaken a comprehensive legal reform that introduced progressive laws aimed at enhancing human rights protections and strengthening independent institutions. As part of our international obligations under human rights treaties, Ethiopia remains fully engaged in the universal periodic review process. We submitted the fourth cycle national report in August 2024 and received 316 recommendations. We reaffirm our dedication to implementing the accepted recommendations in the upcoming period. Madam Vice President, Excellencies, I am pleased to share the significant strides Ethiopia has made in advancing human rights, strengthening the rule of law, and fostering national reconciliation. Ethiopia remains steadfast in its commitment to preventing human rights violations and addressing past atrocities to build a strong foundation for lasting peace. Ethiopia is implementing a comprehensive transitional justice policy designed to promote accountability, truth-seeking, and reconciliation in the country. As we work to establish the legal framework and institutions necessary for its implementation, we continue to ensure that the process is participatory, inclusive, and credible. Ethiopia is also advancing in the national dialogue process that involves broad-based discourse aimed at fostering national consensus. Madam Vice President, Ethiopia values strong multilateralism and actively engages with regional and international human rights mechanisms. At the regional level, Ethiopia continues to make substantial contributions to peace, human rights, and regional stability, particularly through our active role in the African Commission on Human and People's Rights. The successful implementation of the Pretoria Peace Agreement underscores the Ethiopian government's unwavering commitment to peace, human rights, and prosperity for its people. It also serves as a testament to the government's unwavering commitment to peacefully resolving challenges in the Horn of Africa and beyond. Ethiopia further stands firm in its commitment to ensuring sustainable and inclusive development. It is making substantial progress in poverty alleviation, climate action, and economic transformation. Excellencies, During its membership of the Human Rights Council, Ethiopia will focus on three priority areas. First, we will endeavor to enhance synergy between national contexts, regional mechanisms, and mechanisms of the United Nations centered in the Human Rights Council. Second, we will continue advocating for the indivisibility and universality of human rights. We believe poverty eradication and ensuring economic, social, and cultural rights prepares the ground for the full realization of other rights. Finally, in collaboration with like-minded countries and members of the Africa Group, we will advocate for different group rights, including the equal rights of women, the rights of the child, the rights of persons with disabilities, and people subjected to racism and racial discrimination. We look forward to working with you and wish to express our sincere gratitude to the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights for its longstanding partnership. Thank you.

I thank the Minister of Justice of Ethiopia. And I now give the floor to Her Excellency Baiba Braze, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Latvia.

Mr. President, Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, In the 30 years since the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, we have taken remarkable strides towards gender equality and the empowerment of women. Yet today, We must also confront the stark realities that women and girls face globally. In Afghanistan, Iran, Sudan, the DRC, as progress remains fragile and uneven, women and girls continue to face gender-based discrimination and sexual violence. They are denied access to education and health care and continue to be deprived of fundamental freedoms. We must spare no effort in urgently addressing these challenges. Latvia is an international leader in gender equality and women's representation at the highest positions. Yet, our commitment to women's empowerment is global. Latvia has increased its contributions to the UN Women, other UN bodies to address immediate needs, but also long-term measures to fight inequality and oppression. Together with NGOs, we have implemented projects to rehabilitate survivors of violence in Ukraine and to empower women and girls in Egypt, Ethiopia, Fiji, Namibia, Rwanda, Uzbekistan in the areas of entrepreneurship, digital literacy and STEM. This is our long-term commitment. Mr. President, three years ago, in an act of unprovoked and unjustified aggression, Russia launched a brutal, full-scale invasion of its sovereign, peaceful neighbor, Ukraine. Thousands of innocent civilians have been killed, millions displaced, and entire cities reduced to rubble. There are hundreds of documented and many more unreported cases of Russia's systemic use of sexual violence as a weapon of war. The acts of rape, torture, and humiliation committed by Russian soldiers are cruel and pure evil. Russia's authorities have committed crimes against humanity by using torture as a coordinated state policy towards Ukrainian civilians and prisoners of war. Tens of thousands of Ukrainian children have been forcibly kidnapped, illegally deported, and subjected to the so-called re-education efforts, in fact, aimed at erasing their identity. Behind each of those stories lies a broken family, unspeakable pain, and deep scars that persist for generations. Through this campaign, Russia is seeking to deprive Ukraine of its future, and Russia must be held internationally accountable for its crimes. The situation in Gaza and the West Bank, with immense loss of civilian lives, especially those of children and women, is unacceptable. We remain deeply concerned about the health of hostages still in captivity. Further measures to strengthen the protection of civilians and ensure the safe delivery of humanitarian aid at scale is of utmost priority. A negotiated end to all hostilities must be adhered to by all sides. Returning to talks on a sustainable long-term solution is critical to breaking the cycle of violence. Mr. President, Human rights violations are not confined to conflict zones alone. In Russia, the human rights situation continues to deteriorate at an alarming rate. Opposition, human rights defenders, independent media face censorship, imprisonment, and even death. Domestic repression continues to enable external aggression. In Belarus, the recent sham elections were a total farce. The regime continues its relentless crackdown on civil liberties and direct support for Russia's aggression against Ukraine. Over 1,000 political prisoners face cruel and inhuman treatment, long sentences, and mock trials. We will continue to support the Belarusian people and the democratic opposition in their quest for a free, sovereign, and independent Belarus. Mr. President, We all have a stake in the resilience of multilateral system. Latvia stands ready to shoulder greater responsibility in safeguarding the UN Charter and demonstrating global solidarity as a candidate for the UN Security Council for the term 2026-27. We will stand up for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, sustainable peace and stability in the Middle East, engage on the women, peace and security agenda, and address emerging threats in the digital and information sphere. If elected, we will work together for peace and resilience, advocate for the rule of law, human rights, fundamental freedoms, and accountability. I thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. I now give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Mohamed Hassan, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Malaysia.

Mr. President, Excellencies, In this ever-changing landscape, we are facing significant geopolitical challenges, challenges that undermine international peace, security, and the principles of human rights. This is particularly evident in Gaza, where there have been blatant violations of international laws and appalling brutalities. Israel's genocide has led to the unnecessary tragic loss of civilian lives, resulting in profound suffering and devastation. While Malaysia welcomes the January 15 ceasefire agreement, we consider it merely a starting point. As with many others, we believe in addressing the root cause of the conflict. The illegal occupation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, or OPT, must end, and all states should implement the ICJ advisory opinion of 19 July 2024 without further delay. Accountability for human rights violations in Palestine must prevail. As a matter of urgency, Israel must render its cooperation and grant full access to the Commission of Inquiry and Special Rapporteur on the Occupied Palestinian Territories. Malaysia also calls for the timely convening of the conference of the high contracting parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention to uphold the General Assembly's resolutions and ICJ rulings. On the humanitarian front, Malaysia reaffirms its support for the reconstruction and disaster relief efforts for Palestinians. We will host the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of East Asian Countries for Palestinian Development, or CEPAD, this year to promote sustainable reconstruction of Gaza and empower the Palestinian community. Excellencies, as the current chair of ASEAN, Malaysia is committed to centering ASEAN's voice on human rights issues through the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights. On the ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis in Myanmar, Malaysia aims to create a conducive environment for engagement among stakeholders to rebuild trust, foster inclusive dialogue and facilitate the delivery of humanitarian assistance. The five point consensus remains the bedrock of ASEAN's approach. Malaysia is committed to working closely with the United Nations and its agencies to promote concrete progress and achieve a durable and peaceful resolution to the crisis in Myanmar. To facilitate progress, Malaysia has appointed its ASEAN Special Envoy to Myanmar. We also look forward to strengthening ASEAN engagement in cooperation with the United Nations and human rights mechanisms on human rights issues related to climate change, women and children, health, development and digitalization. We continue to explore capacity building programs to protect vulnerable groups. Excellencies, Malaysia remains committed to promoting and protecting human rights. On the national front, we will continue to prioritize human rights as a fundamental aspect of development and well-being of our people. We demonstrate this commitment by advancing reforms that promote dignity, justice, and equality for all. Malaysia's commitment in advancing human rights is evident through the development of Freedom of Information Act, National Aging Blueprint, National Indigenous People Development Policy, and National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights. We continue to collaborate with the OSCHR through various human rights mechanism. Just last year, we welcome visit by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the independent expert on the rights of older persons, and the special rapporteur on arbitrary execution. Excellencies, the Human Rights Council should be made more effective by avoiding politicization, application of double standards, and proliferation of agendas. The Council must decisively uphold its mandate to ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability on all human rights violations. To restore trust of the international community and remain relevant, the Council must be responsive to the current global needs and challenges. Malaysia stands ready to contribute to this crucial endeavor. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Malaysia and now call on Her Excellency Imator Faus, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Andorra.

Madame Vice-President, ladies and gentlemen, at this same rostrum just one year ago, we were describing a dark situation in terms of human rights worldwide. The fact is that we have to conclude that, during the last year, which has gone by, worldwide human rights have experienced a setback. The hallmark of last year was the exacerbation of some conflicts, seriously challenging international law. The hallmark of last year was also the new upsurge of a crisis of democratic institutions. Andorra can only express its deep concern about these situations in Ukraine, three-year-old mass invasion, but also in Gaza, Sudan, but also the DRC, which was the subject of a special session of the Human Rights Council in February, without forgetting also the many other conflicts and crises which often, too often, stay in the shadows. And I remember particularly this non-rule of law state, Haiti, in the face of these ongoing and persistent challenges such as the misuse of technology to manipulate information, it is crucial that we strengthen and make more effective the international human rights protection mechanisms, at the front of which we have this Human Rights Council. The unprecedented humanitarian crises which are now gripping the world remind us of the emergency to better use the instruments designed to protect civilians and bring to account all those who commit all forms of violations. In this respect, the Principality of Andorra firmly supports the International Criminal Court, the ICC, as a crucial component to combat impunity, a crucial mechanism to do so. Children are the main victims of conflicts, which is why the head of the Government of Andorra, Mr. Xavier Espiot, here in Geneva next month, will be involved in the launching of a vast campaign of the Office of the High Representative of the Secretary General for children and armed conflicts. Women are also particularly vulnerable to conflicts. 2025 is the 30th anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women and of the adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Programme of Action, as well as the 25th anniversary of the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security. It's a crucial time to assess progress made but also the scale of what remains to be done. In Andorra, gender equality is not only an objective. Gender equality is a concept we have mainstreamed in our public policies, and it is in that spirit that we submitted our report to the Beijing+25 platform. Worldwide, significant challenges remain, be it us needing to combat gender violence, or to address wage gaps or ensure equal opportunities and equal access to resources. In some parts of the world, there have even been significant setbacks for human rights in this respect. I would like to reiterate our deep concern about the ongoing and systemic violations of the rights of women in Afghanistan and to particularly condemn the exclusion of girls from schools. We are also very attentive to the rights of women in Syria and to the important role they should be playing in the political transition of this country. Thirty years after Beijing took place, our collective efforts will be crucial if we want to ensure that women are fully involved in the building of more inclusive societies. Social inclusion lies also at the heart of Andorra's commitment. Andorra's aspiration is to build a society where diversity is a source of wealth, is a richness, which is why, internationally, we defend multilingualism in the multilateral system. We defend it as a right. Ladies and gentlemen, Extreme poverty, hunger, inequalities continue to undermine social cohesion and sustainable development. At the same time, climate change is making progress and is doing so with devastating consequences. It is jeopardising not only our present, but also the future of the next generations. Before these challenges, we cannot remain indifferent. Today, more than ever, is the time for us to unite our efforts and to act with determination, vision and braveness. We reiterate our unshakeable commitment to continue to work for a more effective and inclusive form of multilateralism, to strengthen values that we continue to consider as being universal values and to guarantee the protection of fundamental rights. ensure that our future is more sustainable, safer and more full of hope than ever. Thank you for your attention. Thank you for your attention.

I thank the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Andorra. And now I give the honour to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Abdulatif bin Rashid Al Zayani. Minister for Foreign Affairs of Bahrain.

In the name of God, most compassionate, most merciful. Excellent, Madam Vice President, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, may God's peace and blessings be upon you all. It is my pleasure at the outset to salute each and every one of you and to wish your esteemed body success in achieving the lofty ideals and objectives of this council in order to protect and promote human rights as well as the freedoms all over the world. I would like to start by addressing this esteemed council about its commitment to protect human rights in our region, namely the right to life, education -- health, sorry. education, knowledge, and a dignified life. We in the Kingdom of Bahrain, under the guidance and leadership of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, may God protect him, and under the continued follow-up of His Royal Highness Emir Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, we have taken many measures and important initiatives in order to protect and promote human rights and human freedoms. Our achievements in this field are a testimony to our commitment to protecting these rights, namely lofty royal initiatives namely also the royal pardon and amnesty to release more than 3,670 prisoners last year, as well as the successful implementation of the alternative sanctions and open prisons initiative. We are also committed to protecting women and children's rights among a series of initiatives. We are deeply commit, uh, we are, we deeply believe that actions speak much louder than words. In fact, I do not want to delve into the deep and persistent commitment of Bahrain vis-a-vis international obligations. We went under 7 reviews of international conventions and two protocols pertaining to the CRC, CRPD. And I shall not also delve about our success in implementing 128 recommendations out of 172 recommendations of the UPR in the two previous years, as well as our achievement that went beyond expectations when it came to implementing the National Human Rights Plan. Our Preparations are underway for the second part of this journey. All of these initiatives aim at providing the best possible environment for a thriving culture of human rights to all those who live in our beloved Kingdom of Bahrain. Despite all of the above, it is necessary for this esteemed Council to recognize the rights of the peoples of our region to live in peace. In the Kingdom of Bahrain, we are steadfast in our commitment to human rights, the culture of tolerance, peaceful coexistence, and brotherly coexistence. Our dedication to peace is wider than political statements. We are adopting a comprehensive approach. that believes that true development cannot prosper unless we have a stable, peaceful, and sustainable environment, where we respect human rights, where we find the solutions to disagreements through constructive dialogue and compromise rather than through destructive wars. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, Our world is facing today global and unprecedented challenges that are compelling us to reiterate our commitment to justice, equality, peace for all the peoples of the world. During the 33rd Arab Summit that was held in the Kingdom of Bahrain under the presidency of His Majesty the King, our Arab leaders reiterated the importance of human rights, of development, of peace. Peace and solidarity, these are the main components for a prosperous future for our peoples. The declaration of the Bahrain summit is a clear vision to promote regional stability and security. It's a call for peace, for equality, and also the need for a greater Arab solidarity for human rights. We are deeply convinced that human rights, development, and peace are closely linked. Our summit called for an international conference to find a solution to the Arab-Israeli conflict that has been lingering for more than 70 years. We have also a series of proposals in the field of human rights, providing health care and education to the victims of regional conflicts. Such initiatives reflect our humanitarian and human commitment to defend human rights, namely those who are victims of these conflicts. We need to work also on promoting the vital sectors that promote resilience and sustainability. Based on our commitment for a real implementation of such initiatives, we have established a national committee that is in charge of coordinating and following up the implementation of the resolutions of the Arab summit. Such a mechanism reflects our respect to fulfill our humanitarian commitments. This reflects our continuous approach to promote human rights, to promote development in the region. We will continue our efforts towards a vision of regional integration, political stability, economic development, and social development for all. It is important to realize that discussions in the field of human rights cannot take place in isolation of some important principles, such as solidarity, peace, and stability. The absence of security, the continuation of armed conflicts are putting the lives of civilians at threat and threatens also the dignity of the human beings. Defending the right to life is the essence of the task of this Council. Bahrain shall remain a strong supporter of regional and international initiatives aiming at protecting and promoting international peace and stability. We are strongly opposed to violence, extremism, terrorism, and intolerance. We call for peaceful solutions to conflicts through diplomatic dialogues. In this context, we reiterate that achieving Lasting and sustainable peace in the Middle East requires the protection of the rights of the human people, to stop its displacement, to establish a fully sovereign Palestinian state that will live in peace with Israel. And we urge the Human Rights Council to orient its efforts towards the achievement of a lasting peace in the Middle East for all the peoples of the Middle East. That's why we call upon your esteemed Council to support the efforts aiming at achieving peace and harmonious coexistence between the peoples of the Middle East. Such a challenge is the main challenge that your Council faces. I am confident that the Council will be up to face, to facing and countering such a challenge. Thank you and may God's peace and blessings be upon you all.

I thank the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Bahrain. And I give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Roberto Alvarez Gil, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Dominican Republic.

Distinguished members of the Human Rights Council, colleagues, representatives of Member States, ladies and gentlemen, it's a profound honor for me to address this assembly during the high level session of the Human Rights Council. On behalf of the government of the Dominican Republic, I'm pleased to reaffirm my to reaffirm our firm commitment to the defence and promotion of human rights worldwide and our determination to continue to contribute actively in this extremely relevant forum, extremely important forum for all of the international community. This Council is an indispensable arena wherein we can consolidate the fundamental principles that promote human dignity, equality and justice. for all peoples worldwide. May I underscore not only the progress made in our nation, but also our ongoing commitment to those values that guide us, which are embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and so many other essential instruments, all of which adopted in the last 80 years of our organization's existence. The Agenda of this high level segment calls us to think about the commitments we undertook in the Beijing Platform, which 30 years on continues to be the cornerstone upon which is built our national policy designed to achieve gender equality and to guarantee the rights of women and girls. In this context, the Dominican Republic has mainstreamed the principles of the plan of action in our public policies and in our foreign affairs policies, driving forward actively the fostering of the participation of women in multilateral bodies by recognising that they are key agents who can consolidate development processes. An example of our firm commitment There, too, is our gender equality law, which has been a crucial tool to make progress in eradicating gender-based violence and eradicating discrimination by ensuring the full participation of women and girls in all aspects of public and private life. Furthermore, our Ministry of Foreign Affairs last year carried out a gender participation diagnosis. which has become a crucial initiative to assess and strengthen inclusion and equality in our society, in what we do diplomatically and institutionally. And it has reaffirmed our commitment to inclusive public policies which promote equity as a crucial pillar for sustainable development and for social justice. Furthermore, we support the hybrid format of Human Rights Council sessions, which promote greater participation and accessibility for all significant actors. We also led the creation of what was done to create the working group on the optional protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, designed to strengthen what we do to protect children, especially those children who are vulnerable. Furthermore, we promoted a resolution on the culture of peace, which is an effort to eradicate violence and foster peaceful coexistence as a foundation for more just societies wherein solidarity reigns. These actions attest to our determination to make progress in an agenda which gives priority to the well-being of people, to peace and the promotion of human rights as essential principles. Our efforts, both nationally and internationally, are proof, a reliable proof rather, of the commitment of the Dominican Republic to progress towards a more equitable and sustainable future. We know that significant challenges remain, but we are convinced that through international cooperation, through dialogue, through collective action, we will be able to achieve substantive progress in the protection of human rights. Finally, may I state once again that the Dominican Republic will continue to work hand in hand with all Member States, with all international organizations and with civil society to continue promoting the fundamental pillars upon which are based human dignity. These principles are the cornerstone of our existence. We would like to thank the Human Rights Council for its tireless labour, and we reiterate our readiness to cooperate in the creation of a world which is more just, more peaceful, and more respectful of the fundamental rights of all persons. Thank you very much indeed.

I thank the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Dominican Republic. It's now an honor for me to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Abdullah Khalil, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Maldives. Please go ahead.

Mr. President, High Commissioner for Human Rights, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. Let me begin, Mr. President, by congratulating you on your election as the President of the Council. I assure you of my delegation's support and cooperation in discharging your duties. We gather here at a moment of profound consequences, a moment that demand not just reflection, but immediate action. Across the world, We are witnessing a rise in inequalities, marginalization of vulnerable communities, conflicts, crisis, and calamities. Challenges that continue to shake the very foundation of our shared humanity. These challenges bring us to the great test of our time. whether we just stand by and recognize these challenges, or whether we summon enough courage and conviction to meet them head on. Mr. President, our commitment to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and to embrace a culture of respect for human rights is reflected in our actions. The Maldives is party to eight of the nine core human rights treaties, demonstrating our deep-seated dedication to upholding fundamental freedoms. We have been championing inclusivity in this Council, ensuring that least developed countries and small island developing states have a seat at the table through the Voluntary Trust Fund. In the past year, we successfully participated in the second periodic review of the ICCPR and submitted our second periodic report under the Convention against Torture. This year, we will undergo reviews under the CRC, CERD, and CRPD, along with the fourth cycle of the universal periodic review. This is by no means a small feat, but we are determined to fulfill our obligations. Our international commitments mirror our national agenda. Gender equality is at the heart of that agenda because we believe when women rise, society rise. Through our Gender Equality Action Plan, we have empowered women to lead, build, and innovate. We have sought to enhance women's participation in politics and strengthen their economic independence to ensure their full and equal contributions to the nation's development and prosperity. We are also committed to building a fully inclusive society where persons with disabilities are empowered to lead dignified lives. Our national action plan on disability inclusion is a five-year roadmap focused on ensuring access to healthcare, education, employment, and accessibility. We are proud that more displayed a pioneering role in the historic recognition of the right to a clean, healthy, sustainable environment as a universal human right. But as we speak, the climate crisis is unfolding around us at a fast pace, threatening not just our livelihoods, but our fundamental rights. Rising sea levels, extreme weather and environmental degradation have constantly plunged our right to food, clean energy and health in jeopardy. So we reiterate, recognition alone is not enough. We must operationalize this right. As part of this effort, in the Maldives, we are installing renewable energy systems to meet 33% of our national electricity demand, and developing Ras Malé as a net-zero carbon eco-city. Recognising and acknowledging is also not enough in the case of the unimaginable devastation that unfolded in Gaza for over 15 months. The Council cannot and should not look away. but speak with moral clarity and unequivocally condemn Israel's crime against humanity. For how we act today will be one of the greatest tests of our shared commitment to justice, to human dignity, and to the principles of the UN Charter that binds us all. The Modi's welcomes last month ceasefire agreement. But let us be clear, ceasefires are not lasting solutions. The international community must do more than rebuild what was destroyed. We must restore the dignity, the rights, and the lives of the Palestinian people. Mr. President, this is our final year in this council for this term. When we were first elected to this Council in 2010, we were the smallest country to take a seat. Yet, time and again, we have proved that size does not determine the power of its voice, the sincerity of its convictions, and the ability to inspire change. We are proud of our contribution to the mission of this Council. From assuming the vice presidency in 2023 to establishing a voluntary trust fund for the seats and LDCs to lead the international recognition of human rights to a safe, healthy, and sustainable environment, we have strived to be a source of hope and a voice of strength, especially for those underrepresented. We see continuing this role because we believe that every voice, no matter how small, deserves to be heard. Let the choices we make today serve as a testament to our collective resolve, our unity, and our shared choices. Choices that speak to the world we hope to build, not just for ourselves, but for the future generations. A world that stands up for human rights, a world that upholds justice, a world that affirms humanity. I thank you all.

I thank the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Maldives and I give the floor. to her Excellency Ms. Dominic Hassler.

Dear Madam vice president Excellencies we are Gathering here at the human rights Council whose mandate is very clear I therefore quote the GA resolution 60/251 The Council shall be responsible for promoting universal respect for the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind, and in a fair and equal manner. However, our time is marked with an increasing number of deliberate, serious human rights violations, as well as blatant disrespect for international law. With that said, today marks the third anniversary of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The continued aggression against the people and territory of Ukraine and related suffering is entering in its 11th year. We fully condemn this unprovoked attack and blatant breach of the UN Charter. Thousands of civilians have lost their lives Millions have lost their livelihoods, and the aggressor continues to indiscriminately attack civilians, target hospitals, schools, energy infrastructure, and other civilian objects, in complete disregard for international humanitarian law. Ukrainian civilians and prisoners of war are systematically tortured in Russian prisons. This war must end. It must be stopped by the Russian leadership, who deliberately initiated it and who is responsible for the crime of aggression. And it must end in full respect for Ukraine's territorial integrity and sovereignty. Lasting and sustainable peace can only be achieved under conditions that are acceptable for Ukraine and in line with the UN Charter and its principles, underlining a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine, as elaborated by the General Assembly. In addition, Russia must compensate Ukraine for the damage caused by its aggression. Madam Vice-President. The world is facing multiple crises, all of which also pose a challenge and risk for human rights. Respect for human rights is not a luxury that comes at the end of a long way of development. Respect and compliance with human rights is an indispensable foundation for any progress or sustainable development. It is not only a goal to achieve, but also a means to achieve the goals. This is true in all contexts, but particularly in those that are in critical transformation. After years of suffering and sacrifice, the people of Syria deserve transitional justice and the perspective of a better future. The assistance and support by the international community, including by exploring the lifting of sanctions, is a key component of this transition. In particular, the roles of the international, impartial and independent mechanism and other mandates created by the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council, as well as the Office of the High Commissioner, will be crucial. In this respect, we would also like to emphasize the important role the International Criminal Court could play. We are deeply concerned about the human rights situation in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We supported the call for a special session of the Council earlier this month, and urge all parties to cease hostilities and work towards a lasting and sustainable solution. All acts of human rights violations and breaches of international humanitarian law must be thoroughly investigated and perpetrators brought to justice. Madam Vice-President, It is of utmost importance that this Council sheds light on these situations and give victims and survivors a voice that they often lack in their own countries. We have to engage in addressing the serious human rights situations in a number of countries, including in Myanmar, Iran and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. There will be no peace without justice, and Liechtenstein will therefore continue to advocate for accountability. Madam Vice-President, in the view of challenges that we are facing collectively, such as the increase in armed conflicts, deteriorating human rights situations, disinformation and climate change, the United Nations must provide for a robust framework that enables discussing and finding common approaches for these challenges. The ongoing liquidity crisis of the UN and the underfunding of the human rights pillar unfortunately have a negative impact on the organization's ability to provide for that framework. UN member states must meet their financial obligations fully and on time. Because human rights are not something abstract. They bring concrete benefits to the people which are representing here. Every contribution in human rights leads to a return on invest. And we fully agree with what the High Commissioner said this morning. Human rights are a winning proposition for humanity. Let's remember that in order to fulfill the mandate of the Council. And therefore, action is needed by all of us. Thank you very much. I thank the.

Foreign Minister of Liechtenstein. And I now call on His Excellency Mr. Seyed Abbas Arakchi, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim. Mr. President, distinguished colleagues, I am pleased to represent the Islamic Republic of Iran as I address the Human Rights Council. For decades, the Iranian people have faced grave challenges, including unjust economic sanctions and terrorism, which have had many devastating impacts on their social and economic rights. While adhering to Islamic principles and human dignity against the headwind of these challenges, Iran has made notable achievements, including improvements in education, healthcare, women's rights, and industrial and economic development. One of the greatest obstacles to the realization of human rights at the global level is recourse to unilateral coercive measures. Such measures have destructive ramifications on ordinary people while oppressively affecting the more vulnerable groups. Iran has long fallen victim to such misguided policies. The recourse to such measures by certain states restricts access to basic necessities such as medicine and a healthy environment. We call for the immediate removal of all unilateral sanctions, which not only violate the fundamental human rights of the Iranian people, but also inflict suffering on millions of innocent individuals. Distinguished colleagues, one cannot speak of human rights, but not to mention the suffering of the Palestinian people and forego condemning the crimes of the Israeli regime. Iran unequivocally condemns the genocide perpetrated by the occupying regime in Gaza, the Palestinian people continue to suffer from genocide, systemic violence, occupation, dehumanization, and violations of the rights to life, in clear violation of international law, including the Geneva Conventions. We call upon the international community to hold the occupying regime accountable for these crimes and to demand an immediate cessation of all acts of aggression against the Palestinian people. It is incumbent upon the Human Rights Council and the United Nations to seek up for the principles of injustice and listen to the voices of the oppressed. Iran remains steadfast in its support for the Palestinian people, whose right to self-determination has been denied for decades. The repressive plots for the forced displacement of the inhabitants of Gaza and the sequel are a sequel to the occupation policy that goes back to eight decades ago. In this context, we strongly condemn any statements or actions on the side of these plots and register our opposition thereto. Mr. President, the Islamic Republic of Iran has consistently emphasized respect for human rights and the strengthening of social justice within various frameworks, given its rich culture, Given its rich culture and long history in the field of human rights, Iran has always strived to promote the individual and social rights of its citizens. In this regard, we have taken extensive measures to improve the level of human rights, including the rights of women, children, and minorities in our country. At the same time, we believe that human rights may not be used as a leverage of political and economic pressure or interference in the internal affairs of countries.

Experience has shown that certain states used to use the present institution as a tool to advance their own agendas, while human rights must be pursued in an ambient of mutual respect and non-interference in the internal affairs of countries. We call upon all states to support and promoting human rights based on the principles of fairness and impartiality, and to avoid selective and politicized approaches to this issue to the issue which shall lead to the reinforcement of discrimination and inequality in this sphere. In conclusion, I would like to underscore that the Islamic Republic of Iran believes in continuing its constructive cooperation with international human rights mechanisms in promoting human rights at the global level and hopes that all countries will take joint steps in this direction. And thank you very much.

Thank you, His Excellency. Now I have the honor to invite His Excellency M. Lejeune Mbella Mbella, Minister of External Relations of Cameroon. You have the floor, Excellency.

The President of the Human Rights Council, the President of the United Nations General Assembly, distinguished ministers, Your Excellencies, Ambassadors, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, it is a renewed honor for Cameroon to take the floor at this session of the Human Rights Council, which is a privileged forum for dialogue and action in favor of human dignity. First of all, I would like to warmly congratulate His Excellency Joerg Lauber on his election as President of this Council and assure him of Cameroon's support in the accomplishment of his noble mission. Excellence, Mesdames et Messieurs, nous nous reunissons aujourd'hui dans un contexte international.

The international context brings increased challenges. to peace and to human dignity. The security crisis, inequalities, and emerging threats to human rights call for coordinated action by the international community. Cameroon, under the leadership of our President, reaffirms its unflagging commitment to promoting and protecting human rights. This commitment is part of our inclusive vision based on respect for fundamental freedoms and the rule of law. This is the spirit in which we have received the visit of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in July 2024. That mission made it possible objectively to assess the progress made and the challenges still to be addressed. Cameroon welcomes the constructive cooperation with the United Nations. We continue to seek fruitful dialogue with United Nations mechanisms, and we welcome the technical commission of December 2024 to the northwestern region and southwestern region to examine the sociopolitical situation. The United Nations and the international community, through their support for our government, contribute to restoration of normality in the region. Excellencies, this visit was an opportunity to have constructive discussions and more objectively to view the efforts by my government to address the security challenges and the humanitarian issues in the northwest and southwest of Cameroon. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, Cameroon continues its efforts to strengthen promotion and protection of human rights. In that context, we reaffirm our readiness to receive visits from United Nations special rapporteurs, in particular the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, the Special Rapporteur for the promotion and protection of human rights in combating terrorism, and the Special Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children. These visits will contribute to a greater understanding of the realities on the ground and allow for constructive dialogue. with international partners in order to enhance our governance. Within our international commitments, we reaffirm our intention to accelerate the ratification process for the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture. This demonstrates our willingness to strengthen the torture prevention mechanisms and ensure our respect for basic human rights throughout our national territory. Furthermore, under the 2030 Agenda and implementation of the SDGs, my country commit to strengthening initiatives for social inclusion, peace, justice and strengthening of democratic institutions. Ladies and gentlemen, the implementation of the relevant commissions is a priority for our government. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, Cameroon, in line with its tradition of multilateral cooperation, also looks to the support of the international community for its candidacy to the United Nations process for human rights, and in particular for the Committee for the elimination of racial discrimination and another for the standing body. We are convinced that their expertise and commitment will be a valuable contribution to those bodies. Cameroon is currently an observer in the Human Rights Council. after its second mandate ended in December 2024. But we remain fully committed and will continue to participate actively in the work of the Council, in the thematic discussions, in the interactive dialogues, and in negotiations. so which seek to contribute to peace and equality. President, ladies and gentlemen, Cameroon reaffirms its unflagging commitment to multilateralism, international cooperation and solidarity for the promotion and protection of human rights. We remain convinced that Within constructive, respectful dialogue, we can best build a fairer, more inclusive, more peaceful future for all. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. I have the honour to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Subramanian Jaishankar, Minister for External Affairs of India.

Mr. President, At the outset, let me congratulate you on your election as the President of the Council. I assure you of my delegation's full support and cooperation. As an observer in the Council this year, India remains firmly committed to working alongside all Council members and observers toward our shared objective of protecting and promoting human rights for all. We will continue to extend our cooperation, as we have done in the past, to the Office of the High Commissioner and various mechanisms of the Council, including special procedures and the Universal Periodic Review. Mr. President, India's unwavering commitment to human rights is deeply rooted in its enduring philosophy of global unity, openness, and mutual respect. These values form the foundation of our constitutional framework, which guarantees fundamental rights while upholding the ideals of justice, liberty, and equality. Last year, our general elections stood as yet another testament to these ideals, and to the strength and vibrancy of our democracy. As the world's largest democracy, representing a sixth of humanity, India's general elections was an opportunity for one-eighth of the global population to cast its vote. We are a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and faith, bound together by a millennia-old tradition coexistence, diversity, and respect for human dignity. This pluralistic and progressive ethos is what India brings to engagements within the Council, fostering dialogue, mutual understanding, and collective progress. Rooted in this inclusive vision, India has made remarkable strides in economic growth, lifting millions out of poverty, while ensuring that inclusion remains the cornerstone of progress. Through ambitious initiatives in housing and clean drinking water, we have significantly improved the lives of marginalized and vulnerable communities. Unprecedented infrastructure development, coupled with advancements in technology and digital public infrastructure, has veritably transformed India. Legal reforms and good governance have laid the foundation for sustainable development, while a strong emphasis on education continues to empower future generations. Mr. President, India has always played an active role in the global promotion and protection of human rights. Our approach has been centered on building capacity and strengthening human resources and infrastructure in alignment with the priorities of our partners. always upholding the principles of fiscal responsibility, transparency, and sustainability. Our development partnerships with countries across the world reflect this commitment. At the same time, we have been firm and uncompromising in combating terrorism. India will always advocate zero tolerance for terrorism and call out any effort to normalize it. Mr. President, We do not merely speak of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, the world as one family. We live by it. And today, more than ever, this perspective is urgently needed. The world continues to grapple with conflicts and crises, growing more fractured, uncertain, and unstable in the face of emerging challenges, even as it struggles to recover from the recent ones. Mr. President, we firmly believe that in these times, the world needs all of us together. Multilateralism is more essential than ever, but not in its current form. There is a clear and urgent need for a multilateral system that reflects contemporary global realities, one that is better equipped to respond to modern challenges, and in essence, one that is fit for purpose. The past few years have exposed The stark inadequacies of existing multilateral structures, when the world needed them the most, they were found wanting. If we truly seek to protect and promote human rights for all, we cannot afford to ignore the need for urgent reform. India remains ready to support and lead efforts towards such reforms. Let me conclude by reaffirming India's steadfast commitment to the global promotion and protection of human rights and to ensuring their full realization for all people. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Carlos Ramiro Martinez Alvarado, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Guatemala. You have the floor, Excellency.

Good afternoon. Vice President, Excellencies, it is my honor to speak on behalf of the government of President Bernardo Arreola de Leon, who since he became president has focused on strengthening enforcement and full respect of human rights. I congratulate Ambassador Georg Lauber on his election as President of the Human Rights Council. His experience and leadership will be crucial to implement the priorities of this 19th cycle. I reaffirm my country's full support to the work that he leads and the timeliness of strengthening multilateralism and renewing our commitment to the principles and values that underlie it. Guatemala comes to this Council in the conviction that defending human rights is only possible through unity and diversity. Our nation, woven out of the wisdom of four peoples, is moving towards a future where justice, inclusion, and combating of corruption are pillars. These principles drive us to reaffirm multilateralism as an ethical imperative. In this spirit, my first act as foreign minister was to renew for three years the mandate of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in my country, since we believe that its support is a pillar in our efforts to strengthen institutions and build a culture of respect for human dignity. I thank the High Commissioner for the constant support and recognise that his visit in July last year made it possible to implement the shared commitments for all Guatemalans. Mr. Tuuk emphasized challenges to which we paid particular attention, and we reiterate our commitment to address these fully and move towards sustainable solutions. Vice-President, my government has renewed country visits by the various international mechanisms, regional and multilateral. This year, we were happy to receive the visit of the Special Rapporteur on the independence of the judiciary and lawyers and the Rapporteur on adequate housing, who brought us valuable points of view to strengthen our institutions and policies. Our government reaffirms its readiness to continue working with the special procedures, convinced that constructive discussion strengthens our capacity to meet the needs of our people. We reiterate the importance of ensuring the rights of groups whose rights were historically violated, with a special emphasis on the indigenous peoples through tangible actions to promote their access to justice, education, health and sustainable development. We are now preparing to hold the next dialogue with the CERD This process includes civil society and the three branches of state power in order to ensure adequate attention to the requirements of the indigenous peoples and take convincing steps to eradicate racism and racial discrimination in our country. On gender, we are giving priority to empowering women, girls and adolescents, particularly those of indigenous origin, ensuring their participation and promoting programs to increase their access to education, decent work, economic empowerment, and eradicate gender-based violence. On the international scene, Guatemala has always advocated for peaceful solutions in line with the principles of international humanitarian law and human rights. In that connection, we recognize the current challenges and believe it is crucial to continue supporting global dialogue. in order to promote international cooperation on migration. Guatemala reiterates that we must join forces to generate actions that are comprehensive and have due respect to human rights of all migrants, maintaining a global vision and unity with the inclusion of regional strategies and cooperation to address economic and social aspects. I reaffirm Guatemala's commitment to the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms. The existence of this forum is fundamental to promote promotion and protection of human rights for all. States must ensure that dialogue, cooperation and seeking of solutions to global challenges continue to be central to the work of this body. Guatemala is determined to build a decent future which is fair and respectful of the human rights of all. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honour to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Abdullah Ali Al-Yahya, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Kuwait. You have the floor, Excellency.

In the name of God, most compassionate, most merciful. I greet excellency Mr. Uur Glover, President of the Human Rights Council, excellency Mr. Volker Turk, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, may God's peace and blessings be upon you all. At the outset, I extend my sincere congratulations to the Swiss Federation and its permanent representative for their election as president of the Human Rights Council. I wish you success in this important role. I would like also to commend the UN High Commissioner's efforts and the role of the OHCHR in strengthening and protecting human rights. Mr. President, Excellencies. I would like to seize the opportunity of my presence today, one year after Kuwait became a member of this Council, to reaffirm the State of Kuwait's deep-rooted commitment and respect to human rights principles based on our religious values, constitutional principles, and in line with the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as relevant international instruments. We reiterate our dedication to close collaboration with the Based on the above, the State of Kuwait is committed to submitting and discussing periodic national reports on time. That's why we have established national mechanisms for efficient monitoring and evaluation of our international obligations. In line with these obligations, the government of the State of Kuwait is currently conducting a comprehensive review of most legislations aimed at enhancing and protecting human rights. They include, to name but a few, empowering women and youth, strengthening the rights of persons with disabilities, safeguarding workers' rights, and combating human trafficking. In this context, I would like to highlight Kuwait's readiness to present its comprehensive periodic report before your esteemed Council next May. And I hope that our collective efforts will achieve their intended objectives via a comprehensive and constructive dialogue. Mr. President, Excellencies, we convene today in this Council amidst an moral against amidst a moral and humanitarian crisis affecting the brotherly Palestinian people Israel as the occupying power continues to blatantly violate International human right law uh the UN Charter and relevant resolution taking advantage of the absence of accountability and deterrence a year after the war on Gaza instead of ending the Bloodshed Israel continues its military operations and threatening the Palestinian people of forced displacement from their land. We call upon the international community to fulfill its responsibility in ensuring international protection for the Palestinian people and its inalienable rights. Through this platform, the State of Kuwait reaffirms its firm and principled position in support of the establishment of a sovereign Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital, based on the borders of June 4, 1967, in accordance with the resolutions of international legitimacy and the Arab Peace Initiative. In the light of rapid developments in the region, the State of Kuwait stresses the need to preserve the territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic and respect its sovereignty in order to achieve stability and ensure the protection of its national institutions. This requires international solidarity, provision of humanitarian aid, lifting sanctions in support of the brotherly Syrian people. We call upon the international community to continue its effort to end the conflict in Sudan and to restore peace and security, ensuring the protection and safety of civilians. Regarding the situation in the Lebanese Republic, we look forward to enhanced international efforts aimed at restoring security and stability while preserving Lebanon's territorial integrity during this sensitive period. We also express our condemnation of the Israeli occupation violations of the Lebanese sovereignty, and we stress the urgent need for the complete withdrawal of the occupying force from the Lebanese territories. Mr. President, Excellencies, peace, development, and human rights are independent interdependent pillars that require strong political will and concrete actions. 75 years after the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, some continue to deviate from its principles, exploiting human rights as a tool to interfere in the internal affairs of states in violation of their sovereignty. That's why we firmly reject the politicization of human rights, double standards, and selectivity in Instead, we must remain committed to the genuine promotion and implementation of human rights in a manner that guarantees the dignity, freedoms, and rights of individuals. In conclusion, as a member of the Human Rights Council, we reaffirm our commitment to constructive cooperation with all member states. We know how important the role of the Council is, and especially when it comes to protecting and promoting human rights. Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Yusuf Maithema Tugade, the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nigeria. You have the floor, Excellency.

Mr. President, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of the government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, I extend heartfelt congratulations to His Excellency Ambassador Jorg Lauber on his election as President of the 19th cycle of the Human Rights Council. I also extend congratulations to other members of the Bureau on their elections as they heed this noble call to duty. As you embark on the task of leading this august body, let me assure you of Nigeria's steadfast support and cooperation. Your Excellencies, respect for human rights is a critical indicator of the health of the global community. The status of human rights is our early warning system when it comes to the right to life, liberty, and freedom from fear. We must be frank with one another. The situation today is very, very difficult. Our collective impotence in the face of the destruction of civilian life. And the despair that has become Gaza is isolated only by dreadful degree. Wars in Ukraine, in Myanmar, in Sudan, and Democratic Republic of Congo have been marked by allegations of terrible atrocities. We struggle even to manage an effective humanitarian response. Nigeria urges greater international cooperation to help end existing conflicts and prevent similar devastation elsewhere. In the Middle East, we continue to believe a two-state framework remains the only viable route to a sustainable peace for Israelis and Palestinians. We fully support the key stakeholders now working to end the violence and create some accountability for the abuses we have witnessed. We know that upholding human rights is a critical part of efforts to deliver sustainable development, and by extension, international peace and security. And as we also know, this engagement must be anchored on the principles of respect for the sovereign equality of states, transparency, non-discrimination, and non-politicization of human rights issues. Nigeria has demonstrated its commitment to upholding human rights and advancing social development through initiatives such as the National Social Investment Program. Millions of vulnerable citizens have benefited from poverty alleviation, improved healthcare, and enhanced educational opportunities. In addition, we continue to empower our women and youth through economic inclusion programs that foster equity and sustainable development. Mr. President, Security is the foundation stone of progress. Just as we look to deal with the underlying causes of poverty, inequality, and division, so also must we develop the means effectively and within the rule of law to allow our people to live in peace. To this end, the Nigerian Armed Forces and other security agencies not only receive regular sensitization on the importance of adhering to the rule of law, but also undergo continuous training on the principles of necessity and proportionality in the discharge of their duties. We can confront our own challenges more easily when there is a level international playing field. Nigeria and many other countries face challenges in terms of access to the markets and financing that would facilitate economic growth and easier human rights environment. In an age of unprecedented irregular migration, this is surely in all our common interests. Nigeria supports efforts to reform the international economic architecture, not only to promote growth, but also to protect human rights. We have made great progress on a more modern international tax system. But there's more work to be done to manage the burden of debt and help finance critical initiatives to tackle climate change. In the Sahel and other regions, competition for scarce resources destabilizes fragile communities and creates new human rights challenges. In furtherance of Nigeria's commitment to upholding the human rights of all peoples, Nigeria seeks to return to this Council in 2027. As we commemorate the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, we urge the international community to intensify efforts to foster inclusive societies built on the principles of equality, justice, and respect for human dignity. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a remarkable document, precisely because the values it represents are exactly that, universal and enduring. We should celebrate our collective diversity of culture, tradition, and history, and pay close attention when countries can quickly and dramatically change and change again their particular interpretation of gender issues, identities, and rights. It is a timely reminder of our responsibility to protect and preserve the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. I thank you for your kind attention.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Badr Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Immigration, and Egyptian Expatriates of Egypt.

Thank you, Mr. Vice President. Heads of delegations, ladies and gentlemen, may I first commend Switzerland and its Permanent Representative for having been re-elected to chair this Council. May I also congratulate the members of the new Bureau, and I wish everyone every success in your endeavours. Mr. Vice-President, this session of the Council is taking place in exceptional circumstances because of the humanitarian crises and disasters which have gripped the world which have exacerbated the sufferings of the peoples of the world, which means that the whole world's eyes are turned towards us, the Council, to see what we will do, which is why we all must shoulder our responsibilities and ensure that dialogue and cooperation prevail far away from any polarization, selectivity and double standards. Egypt considers that this Council must play its role and put an end to the sufferings of the Palestinian people, which have been exacerbated by the war in Gaza and the unprecedented humanitarian disaster unfolding in the Gaza Strip. We must counter the intents to displace and deport the Palestinian people and cause it to flee from its territory or encouraging it to leave the territory by making it impossible to live in the strip and to liquidate thus the Palestinian cause. Egypt will continue to do everything it can to support the resistance of the Palestinian people, which is attached to its land. We will work with our international partners to ensure that the ceasefire holds and ensure that it is fully respected. We would also like to guarantee the access for humanitarian aid and create conditions for an immediate resumption thereof. We need a comprehensive plan for the reconstruction of Gaza. and for the respect of this plan without any Palestinians having to leave. We reiterate the importance of the humanitarian agencies working on the ground at the head of with the indispensable role they play We continue to support the Palestinian people for it to recover its inalienable rights, including its right to self-determination and the creation of its independent state with East Jerusalem as its capital on the June 1967 lines. This Council has always been a forum used to promote national attempts to defend human rights. We, Egypt, have made huge progress in this area following the guidelines given by the President of the Republic, Mr. Fatah al-Sisi, who has attached great importance to the development of the people of Egypt and to the safeguard of its dignity. It is a national duty to do so. And pursuant to our constitutional and international commitments, we have scaled up our efforts to implement the national strategy on human rights and to guarantee or to create an enabling environment to ensure that all these rights can be enjoyed, which is why we have adopted initiatives and initiatives. The operationalization of the Commission on the Presidential Pardon is one of them, as well as the launch of the National Dialogue, as well as the closure of the ending of foreign financing and the adoptment of new acts, the beginning of which, the Code of Criminal Procedure, which, once it's adopted, will give rise to a legislative revolution. In parallel to all of this, we have implemented several projects to promote economic, social, and cultural rights in the country. We have also launched several different initiatives designed to promote the rights of women, of the youth, of children and of the elderly, on a par with the rights of persons with special needs. Mr. Vice-President, we endeavour to cooperate with the Human Rights Council, its mechanisms, through dialogue based on respect and comprehension for the challenges and the special circumstances of a rural country on the basis of equal basis, dealing with all human rights on an equal basis. We underwent our fourth universal periodic review, submitting our report there for, which was discussed at the meeting held on the 28th of January. We know that the Human Rights Council is playing a crucial role which is why we will be submitting our application to be a member of this Council for the period 2026-2028. We are convinced that you will support our candidacy so that we can work together to strengthen the efforts made to promote human rights with the permission of states, to help states to meet their international obligations. Thank you very much for your kind attention.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Sid Ahmed Ali Benani, Commissioner for Human Rights, Humanitarian Action, and Relations with Civil Society of Mauritania. You have the floor, Excellency.

In the name of Allah, the most gracious, the most merciful. President, President of the Human Rights Council, High Commissioner of the Human Rights, distinguished delegates, excellencies, representatives of international and regional organizations and civil society, ladies and gentlemen. It gives me a great pleasure to participate on behalf of the Government of Mauritania, to participate in this 58th session of the Human Rights Council, shining a light on the remarkable work conducted by the presidency of the Council and the UN OHCHR in order to protect and improve human rights globally. In spite of the important efforts deployed with regards to human rights, we see that our world today still faces staggering challenges that impede the enjoyment of some people of the basic human rights. These include -- the challenges include armed conflicts, terrorism, wars, human trafficking, clandestine immigration, and climate change impacts. In this light, the government of Mauritania continue its relentless efforts on both the regional and international levels in order to efficiently contribute to finding solutions to all conflicts around the world, particularly those conflicts in our region. We do this by receiving asylum seekers and migrants, and through a comprehensive security plan that was successful in countering terrorism, intolerance, and trans-border organized crime. Mauritania's presidency of the African Union, which came to an end on the 7th of this month, and the achievements that it made in various strategic questions, is a clear example of our commitment. President, we cannot talk about the human rights situation in the world without talking about the plight and suffering of the brotherly people of Palestine in the Gaza Strip. It is a suffering that surpasses all expectations, the sight of devastation due to aggression, and also the thousands of displaced persons. of women, children, and elderly. All of these are clear examples that the international community failed to shoulder its responsibility. Therefore, the international community is called upon now more than ever before to double its efforts in order to make the ceasefire hold and to ensure entry of human delivery with on scale and to support efforts of reconstruction in order to put an end to the suffering of the brotherly people of Palestine and find ways to a just solution that ensure the establishment of a Palestinian state with Eastern Jerusalem as its capital. The international community should stop using policy of double standards in order not to lose its credibility with regards to its slogans and values, and so that the human rights of people and their dignities do not enjoy the same sanctity because they don't have the same origins. President, the situation of human rights in Mauritania over the past year, so important challenges, which consolidated our national gains in the field of building the rule of law, the institutions, and consolidating democracy, rights, and freedoms. In these slides, we have implemented our national strategy for the protection of human rights 2024-2028, which is a first of a kind nationally. Our legal framework also was developed through passing the law of 2024 on the establishment of an ad hoc tribunal against slavery and human trafficking and smuggling of migrants. This law allowed expanding the mandate of the court, making it accessible to citizens at large and to victims in particular. There is also another law, a criminal law, On immigration system, this law filled a legislative void which -- from which we suffered with regards to combating migration. President, with regards to improving civil and political rights, the environment of openness and calm and dialogue and consultation adopted by His Excellency President Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum It led to limiting differing opinions between political parties. This allows the holding of a transparent elections last July. which witnessed a consensus on its rules and how it was conducted. We are implementing the national document on the reform and development of justice, which stipulates the need to modernize the judiciary and to develop its infrastructure, improving the workers in the judiciary. The aim is to preserve gains with regards to political governance and to ensure the principle of division of labor We have also launched a complaint digital form that deals with human rights violations. We have also a fund to support victims of human trafficking, which gave financial grants to finance income-generating activities in favor of human trafficking victims. We have also a second national working plan against human trafficking. And in order to improve social and economic rights, our government has continued its social and service-based programs in order to improve health sector and education. With regards to education, our government, and for the second year in a row, implements the Republican School, which aims to ensure equality and equity And thanks to these efforts, we see that the number of people joining the primary school is at 81 percent, and the retention rate is 83 percent. With regards to medical services, we have ensured access to health services to over 80 percent in 2024. President. In the past year, we have made sure to engage positively with international human rights mechanism and consolidated the presence of our experts in the various international treaty bodies. We have been chosen as a member of the UN Commission on the Rights of the Child. We have followed periodic reports and the follow-up reports for the International Commission for the Social and Economic Rights and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Prosperity of Children. We expect that at the end of this year, we receive a visit by the Special Rapporteur on human rights of migrants. And in order to ensure a follow-up of the implementation of recommendations stemming from various international mechanisms and regional mechanisms of human rights, we have worked on the basis of electronic database in order to ensure a meticulous follow-up of recommendations addressed to us are relevant to human rights. Ladies and gentlemen, in closing, I wish to let you know about our commitment to keep up to speed with all efforts in order to protect human rights in line with the international standards and in line with our resources. And wish you a successful in this session. And thank you very much for listening.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Nikola Stojanovic, State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia. You have the floor, Excellency.

Mr. President, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to address the Human Rights Council today as we mark the 80th anniversary of the United Nations. We must reaffirm our commitment to its founding principles, including the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These instruments oblige us to uphold human rights as the cornerstone of the international order. The promotion and implementation of international human rights mechanisms are essential for dignity, for progress, and realization of humanity's goals and shared values. While challenges to multilateralism exist, We firmly believe that there is no alternative to it. Serbia will continue supporting multilateralism and constructive dialogue within the UN system, particularly the Human Rights Council, stressing the need of avoiding any form of politicization and the use of human rights as a means of pressure on individual states. We also emphasize the importance of upholding the UN Charter principles, particularly respecting territorial integrity and sovereignty of states, without the existence of double standards in upholding these principles, without violations of international law and non-compliance with the valid UN Security Council resolutions. Ladies and gentlemen, the Republic of Serbia places great importance on the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, celebrating its 30th anniversary this year. Gender equality is not just a legal principle in Serbia. It is a constitutional guarantee and foundation of our social order. Serbia is signatory to key international conventions in this field, reinforcing our commitment to the global gender equality standards. Women now hold 38% of parliamentary seats and 36% of leadership positions in Serbia. The country ranks 24th globally for women in ministerial positions, and women play a leading role in our workforce, particularly in professional and technical fields. Women also outnumber men in all educational levels and leading key academic disciplines. Legislative advancements, gender-responsive budgeting, and dedicated institutions, such as the Ministry of Human and Minority Rights and Social Dialogue, and a separate minister without portfolio responsible for gender equality, demonstrate Serbia's commitment to progress in this area. Mr. President, I also must draw your attention to the dire human rights situation in the autonomous province of Kosovo and Metohija, currently under the UN interim administration. The provincial institutions of self-government in Pristina continue to commit flagrant violations of human rights against the Serbs and other non-Albanians. Ethnically motivated attacks, discrimination, physical violence, and intimidation are widespread in the province. Serbs are deprived of basic human rights, such as food, education, healthcare, employment, and housing. Repressive actions, including forcible detention and eviction campaigns, persist even today. Ethnic displacement continues, with 20% of Serbs forced to leave since 2021, adding to over 200,000 internally displaced since 1999. According to the UNHCR, less than 1.9% of displaced Serbs have managed to return, making Kosovo and Metohija as the region with the lowest return rate of displaced persons globally. This is an unacceptable reality in the 21st century Europe. Despite the UN Security Council Resolution 1244, despite the international presence, the situation continues to deteriorate. as evidenced by the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo of November last year. We call on the UN and key international actors to act decisively and to overcome the current situation, ensuring sustainable return and a dignified life for Serbs and other affected communities in Kosovo and Metohija. Mr. President, Serbia remains committed to strengthening human rights at home, upholding the highest standards with an objective and non-selective approach. We reject any form of politicization while ensuring that human rights remain a national priority. To achieve this, we will enhance national legislation, improve existing human rights mechanisms, and work continuously towards attaining the highest human rights standards. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Mehmet Kemal Bozay, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Director for EU Affairs of Turkey.

Mr. President, Excellencies, The world is going through unprecedented changes. The international system's credibility is waning fast. Atrocities and grave breaches of international law continue with impunity. Effective multilateralism in action is needed more than ever. Making UN more relevant would be the most meaningful gift to celebrate its 80th anniversary. Mr. President, Following months of systemic violations of international law, we welcome the ceasefire in Gaza. The ceasefire must become permanent to allow de-escalation. The catastrophic humanitarian situation in Gaza necessitates urgent humanitarian aid for Palestinians. Our humanitarian aid and efforts towards reconstruction continue unabated. We reiterate our support to UNRWA. Inalienable rights of Palestinian people must be respected. Perpetrators of crimes against them must be held to account. Turkey submitted its declaration of intervention in the South Africa versus Israel genocide case before the ICJ. We closely follow the just before the ICG and hope that the court will render a judgment to put an end to suffering of the Palestinian people. Statements urging displacement of Palestinian from Gaza are unacceptable and against international law. Lasting peace and security in the region is possible only through establishing an independent, sovereign, and contiguous state of Palestine based on 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as capital and upholding of international law by Israel. Failure to keep the calm in Lebanon would exacerbate the tensions in the region. Excellencies, Syrian people now have a historic opportunity to rebuild Syria. Turkey is firmly committed to ensuring a stable, unified, and secure Syria where transitional justice is served. We are in close dialogue with the new administration and emphasize the importance of inclusive governance. We encourage the international community to constructively engage with the new administration. We support the voluntary returns of Syrians to their country on the basis of UN parameters. Syria's stability and unity requires eradicating terrorism. There is no place for Daesh or PKK, YPG, SDF in Syria's future. SDF is not a legitimate representative of Syrian Kurds and must be dissolved. The illegal and seditious presence of this terrorist organization in Syria's northeast and its exploitation of Syria's hydrocarbon resources must end. Daesh cannot be allowed to research. So-called detention camps cannot remain under the control of a terrorist organization. The new administration declares its readiness to manage these camps. Mr. President, the Turkish Cypriot people were deprived of their inherent rights, namely sovereign and equality and equal international status by force of arms in 1963. This systemic violation, including inhumane embargoes and unjust isolation, must end. We call on the international community to reaffirm the Turkish Cypriot people's inherent rights. The Turkish minority of Western Thrace and Greek citizens of Turkish origin living in the Dodecanese continue to face serious violations of their most fundamental the rights and freedoms. Human rights councils should engage to ensure that their ethnic identity and rights are duly respected by Greece. We reiterate the importance of diplomacy and negotiations to end the tragic war in Ukraine. In the South Caucasus, within the frameworks of our understanding of regional peace and stability, we support the ongoing peace process between Azerbaijan and Armenia and aspire for the earliest conclusions of the negotiations. There are also positive steps in Turkey-Armenia track, a track which we see as a critical step towards establishing.

lasting peace and regional cooperation in the South Caucasus. The conflict in Sudan is of great concern. We support all initiatives aimed at ending it and preserving Sudan's unity and security. And Afghanistan at peace is our common objective. Inclusive governance and respect for fundamental rights, including women's rights, are important for sustainable stability. We attach the utmost importance to the protection of the rights and freedoms of the Uyghur Turks. We reiterate our call lasting solution to the Rohingya crisis through their voluntary and sustainable return to their homeland. Excellencies, hatred against Islam, racism, xenophobia, discrimination and far-right hate speech are rising. Hardly a day goes by without hostility against and violations of fundamental rights of Muslims, including attacks on their lives, mosques and holy Quran. UN resolutions defining burning of holy books as religious hatred are important, but more steps are needed. A UN special envoy to combat Islamophobia should soon be appointed. Concerning migration, international solidarity and fair burden sharing are crucial. Durable solutions must be at the core of our response. Frontier technologies, especially AI, pose both opportunities and risks. We need to keep working collectively to minimize these risks. Mr. President, Turkey will continue to defend peace and justice with a strong commitment to international law, human rights, and dignity for all. Thank you.

Thank you. Excellencies, distinguished participants, this was the last speaker on the list for this meeting. We will now take a short technical break and we will reconvene in a couple of minutes to continue with the high-level segment to be followed by the annual high-level panel discussion on human rights mainstreaming. I hereby close the second meeting of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. Please, distinguished participants, I hereby declare open the third meeting of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. We will now continue with the high-level segment. Now I have the honor to give the floor to Ms. Jan Beagle, Director General of the International Development Law Organization. You have the floor, ma'am.

Microphone for the distinguished speaker.

Mr. President, Excellencies, colleagues, it is a privilege to speak to you today on behalf of the International Development Law Organization. We are meeting at a time when the broad consensus on human rights, which has underpinned the international system since the end of the Second World War, is under tremendous strain. Many speakers have highlighted the alarming and widespread rights violations and conflicts raging around the world. Of great concern also is the growing indifference and mistrust, which is undermining support for human rights in many places. Addressing these challenges will be critical to preserving decades of hard-won progress on human rights. The concept of human rights was revolutionary in large part because of their universality. Eleanor Roosevelt said, Human rights begin in small places, close to home, and unless these rights have meaning there, they have little meaning anywhere. We are seeing the opposite right now. Global surveys have found that while large majorities value human rights as an abstract concept, few feel they're relevant to their own lives. In some quarters, skepticism has taken root, fueled by misperceptions that human rights are impractical, externally imposed, or protect only a select few. And even as memories fade and the world loses the moral clarity of the drafters of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, it is worth remembering their insight that the task of realizing human rights is an enduring one. The declaration begins with the proposition that the recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice, and peace in the world. We need to make that argument anew, demonstrating the tangible ways in which rights protect everyone and serve as a bedrock for peace and development. This is recognized in the 2030 Agenda, where human rights and the rule of law are both outcomes and enablers of all the SDGs. Drawing on IDLO's four decades of experience, allow me to share briefly three ways in which strengthening the rule of law is critical in turning rights into reality. First, the rule of law is a powerful force for peace and stability. The most severe human rights violations take place where the rule of law is weak or absent. Effective justice systems help to prevent conflicts by addressing their root causes and resolving disputes before they can spiral into violence. They also play a critical role in laying the foundations for reconciliation, peace and recovery. Second, The rule of law is key to restoring public trust. It helps ensure fairness, accountability and transparency, giving people confidence that institutions are working in the interest of everyone. Tackling corruption and making institutions more accessible and responsive to the rights people care about most are essential. and mechanisms for community involvement that facilitate direct dialogue between people and government, foster an environment of mutual understanding and cooperation. Third, the rule of law can help to accelerate progress on the social and economic rights that are high on people's minds. The rule of law encourages economic growth by providing stability and certainty and enabling fair dispute resolution. It also helps to ensure that development gains are enjoyed in all parts of society by promoting equal economic opportunity. On the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration, we must redouble our efforts to guarantee that women and girls have equal access to the full spectrum of their rights. By ensuring that justice systems protect women's rights, countries can foster economic growth, improve health and education outcomes, and enjoy greater food security. As an international gender champion, this is a personal priority for me. In conclusion, if we are to succeed in addressing today's challenges, we must do more to improve the lives of people. We must be steadfast in the defense of the ideal of human rights, but also in our commitment and effort to make these rights tangible for all people everywhere. And as the High Commissioner said this morning, we must move from thought leadership to heart leadership. Strengthening the rule of law is one of the best investments we can make in our collective future. IDLO looks forward to working with you to build a peaceful, just and sustainable future grounded in the rule of law. Thank you.

Thank you, Madam. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Reginaldo Biogo Bandong Nguissomo, Minister for Justice, Worship, and Human Rights of Equatorial Guinea. You have the floor, Excellency.

President of the Human Rights Council, other dignitaries, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen. It is an honor for me to address this august Council as Minister for Justice, Culture and Human Rights of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. On behalf of my President, His Excellency Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, Head of State and Government, we would like to extend a cordial greeting of peace, and at the same time, we'd like to take this opportunity to congratulate the new President of the Council. We'd like to inform the Council and our brother countries that the government of Equatorial Guinea is committed to ensuring human rights, not just because that is the vision of this international organization, but also because it is our government's political will to do things well and to protect the lives goods and other legitimate interests of our people. The Republic of Equatorial Guinea has gone to great lengths to improve and promote human rights. We have created a legal framework that promotes equality and dignity of all persons through our constitution, through legislation, decrees, laws, bills, We have also ratified multiple international human rights treaties and conventions, and we are continuing to work in order to transpose these principles into our public policies, our sole goal being to ensure respect for human rights. My country is working tirelessly to ensure respect for its citizens and the achievement of our Agenda 2035, so as to continue improving the living conditions of our people. We have built new penitentiary system centres and... juvenile justice systems, and we are also implementing the Mandela Rules. We have developed a roadmap in the context of our national action plan related to resolution 1325 of the Security Council on women, peace and security. We have abolished the death penalty and prohibited torture, and we apply habeas corpus, which is recognised by our constitution. The Republic of Equatorial Guinea has a high rate of literacy, which ensures that future generations will be prepared to take up the lead. And primary education is free, as is university education, which is diversified. And we've been building new campuses in Marabou, Bata and other places. Our government subsidizes studies in major private centers around our country as well. Public health is free for children and older persons and pregnant women. There is free treatment for HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria, and vaccines are freely provided. Our government has built modern hospitals in all of our provincial capitals, and we are continuing to roll out the same project at district and municipal level. Our country is a country of the rule of law. It is democratic, and all our citizens choose their political and religious orientations. They have freedom of thought, and women are empowered. Our Government has devised a framework to ensure decent housing for all citizens, and we have a better road network to ensure proper municipal intermunicipal transport, and we have also decentralised administration in order to facilitate the provision of basic administrative services. We have modernised our police services to ensure public safety and security, and the police officers are trained on human rights. The fight against corruption and the protection of public and private property, as well as the rights of our citizens, are guaranteed through the National Agency for Financial Investigation, the National Anti-Corruption Commission, the... Auditors Court and the National Council for Economic and Social Development, the Public Ombudsperson, our Parliament and the three branches of powers are separate and we have the Public Prosecutor and other institutions. Our judicial system is one that is both restorative and provides retribution as necessary. It is It has achieved major progress through the training of our legal professionals in order to provide a modern-day judicial service to all. We are improving our civil registry services for the protection of childhood, and we are also combating human trafficking, statelessness and child trafficking. We would like to seek the international community's support in order to make progress together to ensure that everyone can enjoy their rights without any restrictions. To conclude, I would like to reiterate our government's commitment to respecting and promoting human rights as a fundamental part of our governance. We are firmly determined to build a country in which all citizens, without exception, can live in peace, unity and justice for a better Guinea. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to Mr. Ivan Gil Pinto, Minister of the People's Power for Foreign Affairs of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. You have the floor, Excellency.

Thank you, President. A cordial greeting from the constitutional president of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Nicolas Maduro Moros. Here we have come today to call things by their name, without euphemisms or false courtesy. The world is going through a global crisis of credibility. The United Nations is no exception. The multilateral system has been hijacked by bureaucrats who have made human rights a business, a tool for political blackmail which serves obscure interests. Venezuela has been a victim of this perverse machinery, which creates reports based on false data and promotes narratives designed by intelligence agencies and gives legitimacy to destabilisation operations. All of this has been funded through public funds from governments that call themselves advocates of democracy, but who have been fuelling Venezuelan fascist groups and their scams, who from a have benefited from the looting of assets and have peddled lies as a trade. The Biden administration of the United States not only promoted economic and financial aggression against Venezuela, supported by the EU as its satellite, but also redoubled media and legal manipulation, laundering frauds committed by mafia. Where are the billions of dollars stolen by their supposed allies in Venezuela? Who can answer for the blatant plundering of Citgo? How many of these funds of US aid have ended up in the private accounts of corrupt individuals, whereas we are being accused of all sorts of things through false reports? The United Nations, instead of being a platform for peace and justice, has been turned into a market where human rights are bartered or put up for auction. This Council mounts disinformation campaigns against Venezuela, yet remains absolutely silent about the genocide of the Palestinian people in Gaza, which has been carried out with the complicity of the very same actors who he opposed as moral judges. This is the summit of hypocrisy. And it is not just silence, but also institutionalized corruption. USIS has financed phantom projects in order to attack sovereign governments. How many of these funds have been used under the aegis of this council's resolutions? Venezuela has no doubt that the fact finding commission is simply a mechanism for capturing money from USAID and other agencies, money which then lands on the accounts of those very political operators who here present themselves as human rights defenders. It is no coincidence that reports from these mechanisms are used as justification for economic aggression, financial blockades and attempts at meddling in the domestic affairs of states. The purpose has never been achieving truth; the purpose is achieving political control and subjugating peoples. Despite that brutal offensive, Venezuela has resisted and prevailed. One thousand and 27 unilateral coercive measures have been imposed against us. Our accounts were blocked, our resources plundered, there were attempts to impose puppet governments, coups d'etat were mounted, there were attacks and mercenary invasions that were funded or attempted. None of this worked. Our economy is growing, including under siege. Other countries are facing crises and instability, but Venezuela has maintained sustained growth, 15% in 2022, 5.5% in 2023, and more than 8% in the first three quarters of 2024. All the forecasts suggest that in 2025, we will be the fastest growing country of Latin America. But it is not just figures that matter, but also political victory and social victory for our people. Venezuela today is the most stable country in our region. Governments fall and fascism poses as democracy in order to impose chaos in other nations. Yet in Venezuela, it is the power of the people that stands firm. Our institutions are robust and our revolutionary leadership is continuing to walk with a steady step. We have not just resisted; we are improving our democracy. In 2025, Venezuela will hold 10 electoral processes. We will not just elect the representatives to our public bodies, but our people will also be invited to vote at the community level on local development projects. Our national budget is not designed by a handful of technocrats locked up in offices; it is built from our local neighborhoods, our communes. Venezuela is moving towards a constitutional reform to modernise our state and take democracy further. We do not fear debate or participation. Other governments flee popular votes and referendums, but in Venezuela we strengthen the mechanisms of direct participation. We can ask ourselves how many governments that attack us would undergo the same sort of process as we are doing. How many would accept that their people decide about fundamental policies? We know the response, not one, because most countries that are here today claiming to be defenders of democracy fear the verdict from their own people. That is why we need no external approvals. Democracy in Venezuela is not an empty concept. It is a day-to-day practice. It is real power in the hands of our people. Fascism is rearing its head again, and it is the greatest danger facing humanity. In Ukraine, the conflict has been turned into an excuse to prolong a war and sustain the wheels of the machine of death. And in Palestine, attempts are made to justify barbarity through speeches of utmost cynicism. In Latin America, we are seeing legal persecution and repression being used to slow down any genuine attempt of change. That is why Venezuela has decided that Caracas will be the global capital for combating fascism. We will not remain silent while the world falls back into the darkest times of history. We will not accept your rules-based order, because these rules are designed to maintain the privileges of a few and condemn other peoples to subjugation. President, the United Nations needs to decide what it wants to be: a forum for justice or a mere instrument for power. We have not come here to ask for favours. We have come to ask for respect and for international law to be respected. Venezuela will continue to make progress on its own model, with its people leading the way and with its democracy being strengthened. The time of lies is over. The Global South is the force for the future. There are opportunities to put us back on the right track. Let's not miss them. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to Her Excellency Arju Rana Dube, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal. You have the floor, ma'am.

Mr. President, Mr. High Commissioner, Excellencies, We have traveled many miles to be here today to reaffirm our commitment to human rights at this very challenging juncture of human history. This morning, and even now in this very room, there was a strong resonance about the human rights challenges the world is currently facing. Excellencies, Nepal, Nepalese people's right desire for democracy and human rights was realized in 1990 through the change in regime and establishment of a multi-party democratic system in the country. The constitution of Nepal further institutionalized our unflinching commitment to protecting human rights for all, irrespective of gender, ethnicity, religion, or any other grounds in 2015. Nepal's current constitution provides the total range of economic, social, cultural, civil, and political rights as fundamental human rights. Further, the constitution provides extraordinary jurisdiction to the courts in enforcing these fundamental rights. Thus, Nepal is one of the trailblazers in the protection and promotion of human rights. Mr. President. Despite all these guarantees, the people of Nepal now increasingly face additional human rights challenges posed by anthropogenic climate change and the invasion of the private sphere by digital technology. The current government of Nepal is comprised of two experienced political parties with a long history of struggle for the establishment of democracy and human rights of the Nepali people. Nepal continues to uphold the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and remains constructively engaged with human rights instruments and mechanisms. Nepal is also committed to ensuring the independence of the National Human Rights Commission, which enjoys A-category accreditation since its establishment. Nepal upholds press freedom and has a vibrant civil society with community groups, human rights defenders, and the media as key partners in advancing human rights and inclusive development. A significant leap forward for human rights in Nepal has been the constitutional guarantee of one-third representation of women in the federal and provincial parliament and 40% representation in the local government. Additionally, access to justice has increased at the local level by the agency of judicial committees, which are led by elected deputy mayors, mostly women. Similarly, the mandatory inclusion of minority groups in political bodies at all levels has ensured human rights for all. Mr. President, in our attempt to scale up commitments, we have initiated the ratification process for the ILO Convention on Freedom of Association. Early this month, Nepal presented its seventh periodic report to the CEDAW Committee. Nepal is also implementing the recommendations received in the third cycle of the universal periodic review. Nepal has been travelling that extra mile in fulfilling its human rights obligations by adopting periodic human rights action plans since the last two decades. Currently, we are preparing our sixth human rights action plan. Excellencies, Nepal's reputation in the global arena is also defined by nationally led peace process, which brought an end to the decade long conflict, which was between 1996 and 2006. And the end of this conflict and the peace process also taught Nepalese leaders and people the value of human rights and peace. The government of Nepal is committed to concluding the last mile works of transitional justice Nepal passed laws to this end in August 2024 with a victim-centric approach in line with international standards. Lastly, Mr. President, Nepal's experience in upholding human rights, democracy, and peacebuilding can serve as a good reference point to countries in similar situations. We are also seriously taking a lead in ensuring climate justice. and are going to organize a dialogue entitled Sagarmatha Sambad, means the Everest dialogue, on the topic climate change, mountains, and the future of humanity. We would like to invite all of you to participate in this event in Kathmandu in May. At the very end, excellencies, I would like to announce our candidacy for the membership of this esteemed council for the term 2027 to 29 and would like to humbly request all eminent members to kindly support our candidacy. Thank you and namaste.

Thank you, excellency. Now, I have the honor to give the floor to his excellency, Mr. Ermar Shaila Salcedo, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Peru.

United Nations Secretary General, President of the Human Rights Council, President of the United Nations General Assembly, High Commissioner for Human Rights, distinguished delegates, we are being faced with a global context which entails very many challenges. We see conflicts in different parts of our world and serious effects of climate change, growing inequality, and increase in violence in different sectors directly affect the enjoyment of human rights of all persons throughout the world. One of the consequences of these multiple crises has been the increase in migration and forced displacement, and Peru has not been able to escape this phenomenon. We are a country where we host migrants and refugees. For this reason, and guided by our traditional vocation of solidarity and abiding by principles, the state of Peru has implemented different policies for the integration and the protection of the rights of migrants and refugees, complying with our international obligations in this respect and, of course, complying with relevant domestic law. However, the sheer extent and size of the situation requires the support of the international community as we undertake these efforts. President, Peru recognizes and values highly the work done by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, and we welcome the fact that the regional office in Venezuela has recently opened again. We very much hope that they are given the necessary resources to ensure that they can fulfil their mandate, including monitoring the situations of persons that are arbitrarily detained in this country, amongst them three Peruvian citizens. As regards my country, Peru has a memorandum of understanding with the Office of the High Commissioner. Different public bodies, as part of this memorandum, receive special technical assistance. and we were delighted to be able to extend the length of this memorandum until 2026. Peru also has a standing open invitation to different universal and regional human rights protection mechanisms. And on our own continent, Peru maintains a constructive dialogue with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. through high-level meetings, the most recent of which was held on 10 February in Washington, DC. President, the State of Peru continues to put in place public policies for the protection and promotion of human rights. In December 2024, we adopted a national multisectoral human rights policy for 2040, which is comprehensive in nature and restates the commitment of Peru to building a society that is fairer, more inclusive and where there is equality. This very month, on the occasion of the week of human rights, the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights has presented a human rights defenders at risk portal, which means that you can now report, monitor and follow up situations that can threaten the life and integrity of those who do such a fundamental job in defending human rights. President, to conclude, I simply wish to restate Peru's commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and our support for the work done by the United Nations system as a whole, and more specifically, for the work done by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, as well as the different special procedures and mechanisms for the promotion and protection of human rights that have been approved by this very Council. Thank you.

Thank you. I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Maxim Ryzhenkov, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Belarus. You have the floor, Excellency.

President, colleagues. Let me begin my statement in a way that is highly unusual for a representative of a country which has been branded a million things in the realm of human rights. Today, I will try and explain what life is like in a country where the rule of law has prevailed and thousands of citizens in our country, or thousands of citizens are trying to come to Belarus in order to benefit from our public health services or quality goods. So I will try to explain in full just how absurd any accusations against Belarus are. A country ought to grow more prosperous and more safe. and stronger every year. Tell me, if in a country citizens live under peaceful skies and feel fully safe and not afraid that they're going to be shot or mowed down by a lorry driven by a fanatic, if they do not fear for the lives of their children when they go to school or play in the yard, if they have work and decent wages, enough so that they don't have to save on food, if they have drinking water, heating, electricity, if they use quality organic produce, and if they are politically literate and active, and if there are free kindergartens and free secondary and higher education and free healthcare, can there in such a country be fundamental problems with human rights? That's something we all understand. All of that I've just mentioned are fundamental rights and they include the right to life. And that basically is the picture of Belarus, which we Belarusians know and anybody who's visited Belarus knows as well. And for everyone else, I invite you to visit our country and see it with your own eyes. Of course, everything is not plain sailing in Belarus, but what I have just said is all true. By way of confirmation, you can see that according to the international report on the implementation of the SDGs, Belarus has achieved four goals early: eradicating poverty, ensuring free, clean drinking water and sanitation, reducing inequalities and protecting our ecosystems. So why are people taking to the streets around the world today? We see, watching the BBC and CNN, why they taking to the streets because they're facing problems with their everyday lives. The so-called collective West is gripped with civil disobedience. The participants are not interested in the freedom of the media or nebulous political rights. Peace and security, jobs and wages, pensions and social guarantees, those are the reasons why millions of people are taking to the streets in the old world. Millions of people who have long grown disillusioned with the possibility of resolving their problems through the ballot box or through their governments. In principle, can you possibly hold up as a model the situation regarding political freedoms and the freedom of the media in the old world? There have been major crises recently and Europe is home to crisis where the most fundamental human rights are being violated. And this is something that even in the White House they've come to understand. Most of us, and I'm saying this because of the statements that have preceded mine, understand that the human rights topic is developing not in the right direction. It is acquiring an increasingly contradictory and divisive nature, and we will soon forget what the civilised path for development of these rights is. If you look at the free world, you see how quickly priorities change for the sake of political opportunism. In women's sport, not long ago, people were lavishly handing out Olympic medals to transgender athletes, and today that is considered to be a violation of women's rights. We are once again protecting women from gender extremism. And again, in free Europe, Belarusian and Russian media have been closed down. Our as they say, propaganda from a few channels, could that possibly completely disrupt the media sphere in the West? Just stop it. Even this right of citizens is being violated. People don't even have right to an alternative view. And there is another example of cynicism. The EU prohibits the right to move across borders, not just for its own citizens, but also for the citizens of Belarus and Russia. I'm thinking about Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia, and Finland. We know what they're afraid of. They're afraid of the truth. They're afraid of the truth that their citizens who visit our country might bring with them. What a paradox. 40 years ago, The West introduced sanctions against the USSR for restricting the rights of Soviet citizens to travel abroad so as to prevent them from bringing in the truth of capitalism. Refugees has always been held up as a sacrosanct right in terms of human rights. And today, the Times is writing, the EU is developing a plan to revise the UN Convention on the Status of Refugees. And of course, I'm not even mentioning the climate agenda or human rights related thereto. How can we possibly keep up with such seesawing in human rights? We're tired of so-called developed democracies doing whatever they please while at the same time violating human rights. Belarus has repeatedly warned about the unacceptability of such flip-flop policies. and the invention of dubious human rights notions. When in the West will they finally understand that the UN is to be a platform for dialogue and not one for confrontation? We are prepared to support the UN's leaders in initiatives aimed at ensuring sustainability and justice in international relations, but unless certain countries stop manipulating human rights, nothing can be achieved. Belarus is calling for there to be a global reset in the field of human rights in order to minimise the potential for conflict in human rights, where a diversity of political systems and paths of development and cultural traditions is reflected and where there will be a clear prohibition on any hierarchy in human rights and a clear ban on double standards. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Lord Collins of Highbury, the Parliamentary Under Secretary of State of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. You have the floor, Excellency.

Mr. Vice-President, I stand here not just as a lifelong trade unionist, but also as a minister of an internationalist Labour government, committed to human rights and the rule of law. We have gathered today against the backdrop of an increasingly volatile and uncertain world. Conflicts and geopolitical tensions are robbing people across the world of their most basic rights. That is why the United Kingdom backs Ukraine's right to choose its own future. That is why the ceasefire in Gaza must be fully implemented. We want to see an end to the conflict, with every hostage released and vital aid reaching Gaza. leading to a credible process towards a two-state solution. That's why we welcome the Syrian Interim Authority's efforts to build a more inclusive future for all Syrians. It's why we welcome the Bangladesh engaging with the High Commissioner as it addresses past crimes and future aspirations. It's why we are heartbroken by the suffering in Sudan and commend the DRC for bringing the appalling situation in the east of their country to this Council just two weeks ago. That's why we are urging China to implement the recommendations of the United Nations High Commissioner's Xinjiang assessment and respect the Joint Declaration on Hong Kong. Against this worsening global climate, the United Kingdom is determined to champion equal and inalienable rights for all. So I'm proud that the United Kingdom is standing for election to the Council for the 2026-28 term. Throughout its many terms on the Council, the United Kingdom has always put respect and partnership at the heart of our approach. and we promise to collaborate in the same spirit once again. If elected, we pledge to defend civic space and fundamental freedoms, supporting civil society organisations and human rights defenders. We pledge to champion equal rights for all by standing up for the rights of women and girls and LGBT+ people, whose hard-won rights and freedoms are being so cruelly undermined, and by promoting women's economic empowerment. We will do all we can to uphold the rule of law. Human rights and the rule of law are the basic building blocks of sustainable economic growth, stable societies and humane migration policies. We will prioritise human rights and governance principles, including the use of new technologies and responding to modern slavery. But the United Kingdom is under no illusion that we can do this alone. We cannot. That's why we need your support. And if we have the honour of serving on the Council, we will prioritise practical action to achieve our shared human rights goals and change people's lives for the better. Ultimately, it is only by building genuine, respectful partnerships that we can work together to defend the freedoms we all so hold dear. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Ziyambi Ziyambi, Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs of Zimbabwe. You have the floor.

Mr. President, distinguished guests, It is my distinct honor and privilege to address the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. Allow me at the outset to congratulate you on your election as the President of the Human Rights Council. My delegation expresses utmost confidence in your leadership. Mr. President, I am delighted to report that Zimbabwe continues to make significant progress towards the protection and promotion of fundamental human rights. And in that regard, I am pleased to inform the Human Rights Council that on the 31st of December 2024, Zimbabwe enacted the Death Penalty Abolition Act reaffirming our unwavering commitment to the fundamental principles enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. As a nation, we recognize that the right to life constitutes the cornerstone of all human rights, as articulated in Article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 6 of the ICCPR. The abolition of the death penalty represents a historic milestone in Zimbabwe's efforts towards consolidating a justice system founded on human dignity, equity, and respect for the sanctity of human life. The Death Penalty Abolition Act clearly attests to Zimbabwe's dedication and commitment to aligning its national legislation with international human rights standards and obligations. The Act amends several existing statutes to eliminate any provisions concerning the death penalty, substituting them with the principles of rehabilitation, proportionality and justice. The Act also introduces transitional provisions to guarantee that individuals previously sentenced to death are re-sentenced in accordance with ideals of fairness and human dignity. Mr. President, Zimbabwe has taken significant strides towards enhancing access to justice through decentralising courts and legal aid directorates, to districts and the introduction of a performance management system for the judiciary to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Equally important and mutually reinforcing is the integrated electronic case management system that was rolled out in superior courts and is now being cascaded to lower courts. Mr. President, Zimbabwe has been grappling with unprecedented climate changes due to recurrent El Nino-induced droughts, which have placed considerable strain on our economy. To mitigate climate change, Zimbabwe is implementing the Presidential Climate Proof Agricultural Production Scheme, prioritizing mechanization and irrigation using existing water bodies. As a result, we have achieved self-sufficiency in wheat production. Other schemes on food security include programs such as the Food Deficit Mitigation Program and the School Feeding Program. In this regard, we acknowledge support rendered by development partners. In recognition of these people-centered, transformative agricultural policies, Zimbabwe won the prestigious 2024 Africa Food Prize as an acknowledgment of Zimbabwe's commitment to sustainable development, food security, and nutrition. Mr. President, Zimbabwe's chairmanship of SADC exemplifies the collaborative spirit of our people and the strong partnerships that we have continued to foster regionally and globally. As we continue to address our human rights obligations, We are determined to ensure that our legal framework and processes respect both domestic, regional and international standards. As part of our commitment to, and in compliance with, human rights obligations and mechanisms, my Government continues to cooperate with special mandate holders and endeavours to be up to date with its reporting obligations, with various reports due for review this calendar year, such as the periodic report to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, due for consideration on 6 and 7 March 2025. Further, my government is ready to host the working group on violence against women and girls, its causes and consequences in August 2025. Mr. President, Zimbabwe's economy has continued to be negatively impacted by the illegal and unilateral coercive measures imposed by some powerful Western nations. The UCMs have negatively impacted the realization of fundamental human rights by ordinary Zimbabweans and vulnerable groups. These UCMs are in violation of the UN Charter. We are therefore strongly denouncing them and call for their immediate and unconditional lifting. In conclusion, Mr. President, Zimbabwe remains steadfast in its pursuit of human rights justice and sustainable development of all its people. In unity, we can overcome adversity and emerge stronger. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Damas Nabarro, Minister for Constitutional and Legal Affairs of the United Republic of Tanzania. You have the floor, Excellency.

Mr. Vice President, distinguished members of the Council, Excellencies, dignitaries, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor for me to address this high-level segment of 58th session of the Human Rights Council, especially when our Excellency, Dr. Samia Suluhu Hassan, President of United Republic of Tanzania prioritizes the promotion and protection of human rights, which has been placed at the forefront of the government business. This is in recognition of the government's role as the main duty bearer in promoting and protecting human rights. I begin by extending my congratulations to you, Ambassador, Jorg Berger, for being elected President of the Council in 2025. I assure you of my delegation's full support as you steer this august Assembly in the important work of promoting and protecting human rights across the globe. Mr. President, the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Constitution of Zanzibar uphold human dignity and the spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The government implements a human rights-based approach to development, hinged on fundamental principles of equality and non-discrimination. This resonates with the governance strategy adopted by Her Excellency, the President of the Republic of Tanzania, which is based on the four RRR principles, being reconciliation, resilience, reforms, and rebuilding. To achieve these principles, candid discussions, participations, engagements, and meetings are held in appreciation of diverse views. This has been the government approach in addressing and mitigating potential challenges which can inadvertently affect civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of Tanzanians. Mr. Vice President, this is the approach that the government is using to address challenges in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area where there's a need to balance human rights and livelihood on one side and conservation on the other. Her Excellency, the President, personally met with the local and traditional leaders of the area, listened to their concerns, and established two advisory committees launched on 20th of February of this year. The objective of the first committee is to advise on the land matters in the area, and the second committee is to advise on the ongoing voluntary relocation programme of residents from Ngorongoro to Msomera. The objective is to ensure that voluntary exercise operates smoothly and that the concerns of the people are addressed. The principle of participation through continuous engagement and consultations has been instrumental in maintaining stability in this area. Mr. Vice President, on civil and political rights, the country is preparing to hold the general election October this year. We have traditionally are the free and fair election every five years where people have exercised their democratic rights through votes as provided by the constitutions and in total compliance with international and the regional human rights treaties we have ratified. Local government elections held on 27 November 2024 where all 19 registered political parties participated. Mr. Vice President, media pluralism continues to flourish in the United Republic of Tanzania to ensure that people enjoy their rights to freedom of expression and access to information. In mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar, there are currently 351 newspapers, 427 magazines, 245 radio stations, 82 television stations, eight online radio, 400 online televisions, 123 online blogs, and 10 online forums. Mr. Vice President, when it comes to promoting and protecting the right of vulnerable groups, the government is determined to ensure that people with disability are not left out of the development agenda. On the 4th December 2024, the government launched a national action plan on the rights and welfare of people with albinism, as well as the national assistive technology strategy for people with disabilities. These two strategies represent government commitment to the breaking down barriers, creating opportunities, and ensuring that every Tanzanian, regardless of disability, can live a life of dignity and contribute meaningfully to the society. Mr. Vice President, with respect to the socioeconomic rights, headway is being made in bringing closer services to the people. Access to water is currently at 80%, and the rural electrification project has resulted in 96% availability of electricity in rural areas. There has been great progress in the health sector, where maternal health and infant mortality rate has been well addressed. Maternal death per 100,000 births have reduced by 80% in the past seven years, the period which has witnessed a one-third reduction in under-five mortality rates. These transformative gains on the right to life are a testament of Tanzania's comprehensive approach to maternal, newborn, and child health. Mr. Vice President, In Tanzania and many other parts of Africa, where the impact of climate change related challenges have significantly affected the lives of women, it is crucial that government recognize the right in a clean and safe environment. It is for this reason that our excellence, Dr. Samia Suluhu Hassan, the President of United Republic of Tanzania, has been championing the use of clean cooking energy and encouraging women to stop using charcoal, as it is women and girls who are the most affected by this charcoal and firewood as a source of energy for cooking. Mr. Vice-President, the United Republic of Tanzania is a staunch believer that the promotion and protection

Human rights cannot be achieved in isolation. Therefore, the government works with development partners, civil society, and other actors who share a common vision to ensure that men, women, and the children of the United Republic of Tanzania enjoy the benefits from their human rights and fundamental freedom. Mr. Vice President, thank you very much.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, M. Mohamed Ali Nafti, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Migration and Tunisians Living Abroad of Tunisia.

In the name of God, the merciful, President of the Human Rights Council, Tunisia has ratified most of the United Nations conventions and we are home to the office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. We also welcome special procedure mandate holders. We are committed to ensuring human rights at the political, national, socio-economic and cultural levels. We would like to reaffirm our commitment to the various initiatives aimed at protecting human rights and to doing so through the UN and at the regional level. We have submitted a report to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination after having submitted national reports over the past few years to the Universal Periodic Review, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. President, my country is firmly set on the path of reform, which began in 2021. The purpose is to promote democracy, enshrine the rule of law, ensure good governance, and also to guarantee the rights and freedoms of all Tunisians without any exception, be it at the legislative or practical levels. We ensure that all elections reflect the will of the Tunisian people and that elections are held in respect for integrity and transparency. We are firmly committed to the fact that rights are indivisible. There are no differences in hierarchy between rights and freedoms, and we seek to promote economic, social, cultural rights in order to ensure decent standards of living for all of our society and in all of its aspects. Human rights are intrinsically linked to social justice, and our state is trying to combat subcontracting in our society, for this is a way of hiding human trafficking and slavery. We seek to ensure that all development processes are human-centred. Illegal migrants are the victims of the global system, and Tunisia is a victim as well, in a sense. We are trying to address this issue by upholding our laws and international law and by ensuring that the dignity of trafficked persons is ensured. We need to dismantle criminal networks that thrive on regional crises and socioeconomic precarity. We are adopting an approach of joint and proportionate responsibility in order to try and find solutions. My country rejects all desperate attempts to impose projects for settling illegal migrants and attempts to exploit this issue in the media or for political purposes. We object to the suffering of migrants being exploited in this way. Despite the efforts that we have made through our justice system and our diplomacy, more than 10 years have elapsed since corrupt regimes fell in our country. We would like to reiterate our call to the members of this Council to support us as regards to recovering looted funds. It is important to support the project of the African network that was adopted by the African Union on the negative impact of the non-recovery of unlawful gains. These gains need to be sent back to the country of origin. Recovering such funds is a fundamental right that is enshrined in international law, including the UN Convention on Combating Corruption. many developing countries have had to resort to foreign debt and cannot recover their funds that have been plundered abroad. Regarding the international financial system, we need to try and reduce levels of foreign debt and the cost of servicing that debt for developing countries. President, we commend the idea of achieving a cease, we commend a ceasefire in Gaza and it is important to prosecute the perpetrators of crimes and war crimes including genocide against the Palestinian people, our brotherly people. We are firmly opposed to the displacement of the Palestinian people which should be able to enjoy its right to live in Palestine and create its own state with Jerusalem as capital. Thank you.

Now, I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Elnoor Mammadov, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan. You have the floor, Excellency.

Mr. Vice President, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. It is my honor to address the high-level segment of the 58th session of the Human Rights Council. We send our congratulations to His Excellency Ambassador Uur Glauber on his election as a president of the Human Rights Council and wish the newly elected Bureau continued success in all endeavors. Today, the world confronts multiple crises, including ravaging conflicts, climate change, deepening inequalities, erosion of multilateralism, growing disregard for the fundamental norms and principles of international law, which endanger enjoyment of human rights and fulfillment of basic human needs in every part of the world. It is precisely the time when we have to demonstrate international solidarity and cooperation, step up our efforts to build more effective multilateralism, strengthening the United Nations as a central multilateral system. Azerbaijan is actively engaged in cooperation within the human rights framework, including treaty bodies and special procedure mandate holders. Most recently, our periodic reports under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhumane, and Degrading Treatment or Punishment have been reviewed. Excellencies, climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time with adverse impacts that are increasingly felt by all, particularly by the vulnerable communities. We need to strengthen our collective actions to address the climate change and accelerate meeting our obligations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement. In this regard, the 29th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, successfully organized in Baku, was significant in demonstrating Azerbaijan's leadership at the international level. Under the presidency of Azerbaijan, the COP29 successfully realized two key priorities. First, the new collective quantified goal on climate finance, NCQG, and second, the implementation of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement for carbon markets. Along with many other tangible outcomes, the NCQG decision adopted at COP29 for the first time in the history of climate negotiations included a call for all actors to increase climate funding to developing countries from all public and private sources to 1.3 trillion United States dollars annually by year 2035. 14 global and seven regional initiatives announced as part of the COP29 Presidency Action Agenda receive support at the global level and aim to strengthen climate action. Excellencies, the end of the long-lasting armed conflict with Armenia and restoration of Azerbaijan's sovereignty and territorial integrity have opened enormous prospects for bringing peace and stability to our region, turning the page of enmity and embarking on good neighborly relations. Despite the wounds of the armed aggression imposed on my country, the wisdom of our nation has enabled us to offer peace to Armenia. Over the past year, Azerbaijan and Armenia have registered a significant progress in the normalization process through direct bilateral negotiations, in particular with respect to drafting a bilateral peace agreement and the delimitation and demarcation of the state border. At this point, we expect Armenia to eliminate the key barrier in the normalization process, which is to legally abandon territorial claims against Azerbaijan through the constitutional amendments. The post-conflict rehabilitation requires eradication of all consequences of the conflict, which includes, in particular, bringing suspected perpetrators of atrocious crimes to justice. This is not only the right, but the obligation of Azerbaijan under international law to hold to account those suspected of having committed war crimes. This is the context within which the trials currently undertaken in Azerbaijan, which the Foreign Minister of Armenia mentioned today, should be viewed. We have ensured and will continue to ensure all the procedural rights of those accused in accordance with the international standards of due process, but justice will be served. Speaking of the crimes committed during the war, it is of vital importance to shed light on the fate of about 4,000 citizens of Azerbaijan who went missing as a result of the conflict and to end the continuing suffering of their families. We call on the relevant UN bodies and mechanisms to keep this issue high on the agenda and demand full cooperation from Armenia in order to bring clarity to the fate and whereabouts of our compatriots. Another pressing issue is to ensure safe and dignified return of more than 250,000 Azerbaijanis expelled from Ar- Armenia during the early years of the conflict, who remain deprived of the an- ancestral homeland in blatant violation of international human rights law. The calls of Western Azerbaijan community, once constituting the largest national minority in Armenia, to start a dialogue on facilitation of the peaceful return remain disregarded and often deliberately misinterpreted by the Armenian government as a territorial claim by Azerbaijan. This is an issue of concern for us that require due consideration by the relevant UN mechanisms. It is noteworthy that Azerbaijan has engaged in large scale post conflict reconstruction efforts for ensuring the right of 100,000 of internal displaced Azerbaijanis to safe and dignified return to the formerly occupied territories. Azerbaijan has developed and implemented the program of great return as a result of which several hundred families. have already returned to their homeland. Regrettably, the massive contamination of territories of Azerbaijan with landmines and other explosive devices remains a significant obstacle to the smooth progress of our reconstruction efforts. Since the end of the conflict in 2020, up to 400 individuals, mostly the civilians, have fallen victim to landmines. With this in mind, Azerbaijan has introduced a national goal, SDG 18, focusing on the mine action. We are thankful to all stakeholders who have contributed to humanitarian demining in Azerbaijan. And given the scale of the problem, we reiterate our call for increased international support to strengthen Azerbaijan's humanitarian mine action capacity. We also call on the Council and the relevant special procedure mandate holders to address the negative impact of mines on enjoyment of human rights and the rehabilitation of mine victims. In conclusion, I wish to reaffirm our commitment to contributing to international peace and security, promoting respect for international law and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms for better future for all. And I thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Now I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Remy N'Goye Lumbu. Chairperson of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights of the African Union. You have the floor, Excellency.

Thank you. President of the Human Rights Council, High Commissioner for Human Rights, distinguished participants, all other protocol observed. Allow me at the outset to congratulate you on how you have been leading our debates today, and allow me to congratulate you on your election and to assure you that the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights will stand by you and support you throughout your mandate in the framework of cooperation that we hope is mutually beneficial. My name is Remy Nguimbou, I'm the President of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and Special Rapporteur on Human Rights Defenders in Africa and a focal point on reprisals and focal point on judicial independence in Africa. Yesterday, the preparatory work for the International Charter on Human Rights through its three major pillars, first, and then the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic and Social Rights, and then through all subsequent extensions to those and additional conventions, brought promise of great hope for humanity. The question now is, Does that hope still hold true with those that work today? The efforts to implement the very same charter, in the name of which this 58th session of the Human Rights Council has been opened, do not bear the same promise as in the past. What can be done? In the meantime, an African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights was born in 1981. It entered into force in 1986. Its ambition was to pinpoint hallmarks of Africa which ought now to be taken into account. The particularity of this charter is that the individual focused approach to human rights is possible in Africa only in a community context or a more comprehensive global context without it being necessary to point the finger in the event of violation and in order to foster dialogue. That is what we call in Africa Ubuntu Sophia or Ubuntu philosophy of human rights. The African Commission on Human and People's Rights is the oldest body of the African Union and it is the first regional institutions have been tasked with the protection and promotion of human rights and the rights of peoples in Africa. It is the body of the African Union that is the closest to our citizens because it is accessible to everyone through its quasi-judicial framework that is flexible and people-centered. The vision of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights in accordance with our with our charter, the African Charter, is to foster human rights and to interpret the provisions of the Charter. In accordance with our mandate for promotion of human rights, the ACHPR has carried out more than 90 promotion exercises and we have devised seven additional draft protocols to the African Charter, six of which have already been adopted by the African Union, and we have also developed over 35 non-legally binding instruments in order to clarify the provisions of the African Charter so as to facilitate its implementation. Regarding the mandate for protecting human rights, To date, the African Commission on Human People's Rights has been seized with more than 862 communications, four of which are interstate ones. We have also been working on We also submit periodic reports that are submitted to us by the States regarding the implementation of our Charter and its protocols, following which we provide concluding observations which take note of progress and areas of concern, and we make recommendations. The exercise to which African States submit themselves in this way is very, very similar to the treaty body reporting system, but unfortunately we do have problems with delays. Many states are behind in submitting their reports in Africa to the African Commission, even though they are usually here before the Human Rights Council for the Universal Periodic Review. So our recommendation would be that such regular presence within the UPR ought to be reflected at the level of the reviews before the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights. Our commission has created special mechanisms that are akin to the special procedures in order to fully deliver on its mandate, but we work very closely with many UN special procedures. Regarding how my body cooperates with other institutions that are tasked with achieving the same mandate, I can tell you that it is with pleasure that our Commission very recently hosted the joint framework for the African Union and the United Nations on human rights, which was signed by the UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, and the President of the Commission of the African Union, His Excellency Moussa Faki Mahamat. That said, we have also built bridges for cooperation with all national human rights institutions in Africa and with civil society organisations. In fact, we are the institution that collaborates the most with civil society organisations and which gives them pride of place during our sessions. To date, the Commission has granted the status of affiliate to 37 national human rights institutions including two specialized institutions, and we have granted observer status to 579 NGOs. And yet we do face several challenges within the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, and one challenge relates to funding. And here I would like to appeal to you all because if, unless things change, there will be no more Human Rights Commission in Africa because the amount of funding available is ever dwindling. Allow me, before concluding, to highlight a few steps forward that have been achieved in Africa, and then I will also pinpoint a number of areas of concern. Regarding the positive aspects, the Agenda 2063 defined the great aspirations we harbor for the Africa we want, with an implementation monitoring plan as well. We've created the continental free trade area, and recently, protocols to the African Charter on the Protection of the Rights of Older Persons and a protocol on the rights of persons with disabilities have entered into force. We have also adopted regional human rights protection instruments, the most recent of which was the adoption during the 38th session of the African Union General Assembly of a new convention of the African Union on the elimination of violence against women and girls. This is in the context of our African positive masculinity. I'd also like to inform you that there is a trend of moving towards abolishing the death penalty in Africa, and their states are complying with the moratorium on executions for the most part. I would also like to talk about the charity-based regime that governs human rights in Africa. Africa always has to have its hand outstretched in order to get attention, be that here or in other fora or before the 54 states of our African continent. The fact that Africa has to abide by this charity-based regime is something that you all ought to pay attention to. I'd also like to say that the sound of marching boots and weapons continues to deteriorate our security situation with multiple repercussions on human rights. In particular, we have persistent armed conflicts For instance, in the east of the DRC, conflicts which have been condemned by resolution 2773 of the United Nations Security Council. And the African Commission would like to draw member states' attention to this resolution so that it might be implemented and serve to alleviate the suffering of citizens in that region. I'd like to draw your attention to Sudan, where an unprecedented humanitarian disaster is underway. My institution is currently carrying out a fact-finding mission. I must also mention what is happening in Somalia, what is happening in Ethiopia in the Amhara region. Allow me also to draw your attention to the persistence of terrorism in North Cameroon, which is having a major impact on citizens. This also warrants your attention and your support. All these countries are suffering either from war or from terrorism. Allow me also to mention the Sahel region and instability in the Mozambique Channel. Allow me also to share with you another cause for concern, for Africa, and that is political instability that stems from anti-constitutional coups, which are prohibited, categorically so, by the African Charter on Elections, Democracy and Good Governance. I'll mention the three countries that you'll be familiar with already, Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso. Even though these countries have been suspended from the African Union as regards their right to participate in certain bodies, our commission, the African Commission on Human Rights and People's Rights, continues to interact with these three countries, because you cannot suspend human rights. In fact, Burkina Faso even submitted a periodic report during one of our sessions, and we made recommendations for the benefit of the citizens of Burkina Faso. Before concluding, I'd also like to speak to you of another source of concern in the domain of economic, social and cultural rights, and that is youth unemployment. Young people aged under 25 represent 60% of our population, and there are no jobs for young people in Africa, so this is an appeal that I'm making to African states to tackle that problem. Also, basic infrastructure is in short supply or inadequate. Schools, hospitals, there are not enough of them in Africa. I'd also like to mention exploitation and the inequitable distribution of resources, corruption and its impact on the development of many of our countries. By way of conclusion, President, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights remains committed to cooperating with all stakeholders in order to strengthen protection and promotion of human rights in Africa. We call for concerted action, inclusive action and sustained action in order to advance the rights of African people. Thank you.

Thank you, Excellency. Excellencies, distinguished participants, this was the last dignitary we could accommodate at this meeting at this point. We will now suspend the meeting for one minute before the annual high-level panel discussion on human rights mainstreaming. So please bear with us and please remain in your seats. Thank you. Thank you very much, Excellency.

Your Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, we will now begin our annual high-level panel discussion. As I was saying, we will now begin the annual high-level panel discussion on human rights mainstreaming, held pursuant to Council resolution 16/21, in order to promote the mainstreaming of human rights within the United Nations system. The theme of this year's panel is 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. This meeting is accessible to persons with disabilities through the provision of international sign interpretation and real-time captioning, together with other measures. Now, because of the delay in our working program, we will be concluding this meeting precisely at 6:30, so our thanks to conference services and especially to the interpretation service for allowing us this extra half hour. It is my honor to welcome back to the podium His Excellency Mr. Philemon Yang, President of the 79th session of the General Assembly, and Mr. Volker Turk, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, who will both deliver opening statements. Ms. Seema Bahous, Executive Director of the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women, will also deliver opening remarks by means of a video message. I wish to welcome our distinguished past panelists, Doreen Bogdan Martin, Secretary General of the International Telecommunications Union, Rebecca Grinspan, Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development; Nala Haidar, Chair of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women; and Ms. Liu Yang, the first Chinese female astronaut in space and a crew member of the space missions Shenzhou 9 and Shenzhou 14, who will intervene by video message as a panellist. Excellencies, distinguished participants, the list of speakers will close in 15 minutes. I would encourage all speakers to intervene in an interactive manner to present comments and ask questions that reflect the panellists' own interventions and the discussion. Speaking time is limited to one minute and 30 seconds for all, and only 40 speakers will be accommodated. Delegates on the list of speakers who do not have the ability to take the floor because of time constraints can upload their statements to the online system so they can be posted on the extranet. It is now an honour for me to give the floor to Mr. Philemon Yang, President of the 79th Session of the General Assembly. Your Excellency.

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for the opportunity to join you today. My sincere thanks go to His Excellency, Duke Labr, President of the Human Rights Council, for the kind invitation to address this annual high-level panel. This year, we commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action adopted at the Fourth World Conference on Women. This should ideally be a moment to celebrate 30 years of progress, yet we are forced to confront hard truths. The truth is so stubborn that it is irreversible and eternal. While there has been some progress in areas such as closing the gap on girls' education, improving health outcomes for women, and the adoption of more gender-related laws, we are still a long way off from achieving gender equality and women empowerment. We have a moral obligation to promote the empowerment of women all the time and everywhere. Globally, women's rights are under threat or being curtailed outright, reversing years of hard-won progress. Concurrently, fewer resources are being devoted to support initiatives aimed at advancing gender equality. This affects women's education, health, and the ability to participate in politics. It also hurts their decision-making as concerns matters of economic opportunities. Sometimes we forget that women's rights are fundamental human rights. In many societies, the fundamental freedoms of movement, association, and speech of women continue to be restrained in various forms. Such restrictions are socially unnecessary and discriminatory. Today's commemoration is therefore both timely and urgent. It is a commemoration which celebrates the past, the present, and the future. We must act with greater resolve to uphold the Beijing Platform for Action in both word and deed, and strive with renewed determination to protect the rights of women and girls. Excellencies, we would be remiss if we did not recognize successes and areas to build upon. Today, more countries than ever before have adopted laws to advance gender equality, including to protect women and girls from violence and ensure non-discrimination. Governments have adopted numerous policies and programs to address education and training, social protection and economic empowerment targeted at women and girls. Women and girls occupy a place of choice in my presidency of the United Nations General Assembly. In legislatures globally, the share of women parliamentarians has grown from 11 to 27 percent. While this is far from parity, it nevertheless constitutes a good step in our onward march towards gender equality and the empowerment of women. We have the opportunity now to seize that momentum. In September last year, Member States reaffirmed their commitment to accelerate efforts to promote women's rights and achieve gender equality in the Pact for the Future. The Pact affirms that this is essential to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Through implementation of the Pact for the Future, we can address the obstacles that are holding back our progress. There are some examples. First, such as the sad reality that women and girls continue to be more harmfully impacted by conflict and wars. Secondly, that 736 million women have experienced physical, and/or sexual violence at least once in their lives. Third, that an additional 158 million women and girls will be pushed into poverty by 2050 if the current climate change statistics are not reversed. And fourth, that the digital divide is more pronounced along gender lines with a 19% gap. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, a few days ago, I was designated as an international gender champion. This was not meant as an award, but rather as a call to duty. All of us, particularly those of us in positions of authority, have a responsibility to champion gender equality in all our activities. We have a responsibility to empower women and girls at every step. It is a responsibility that I take very seriously, and I have reestablished the Advisory Board on Gender Equality to guide me in these efforts. The Board will help to ensure that gender equality is integrated in the high-level events and work of the General Assembly from non-communicable diseases to social development, from youth to artificial intelligence. The Board will also guide my efforts in planning the commemoration of the anniversary of two important milestones in the global agenda for gender equality. First, the 30th anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women, which will be commemorated with a high-level meeting in September 2025. And secondly, the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the UN Security Council Resolution 1325, which will offer an opportunity to reaffirm our commitment to increase the participation of women in the prevention and resolution of conflicts and incorporate gender perspectives in all United Nations peace and security efforts. Excellencies, gender equality is a moral imperative that is essential to humanity's collective progress. The Pact for the Future and the Declaration on Future Generations demand the full implementation of international commitments on women's rights. The 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and platform for action must be more than a commemoration. It must be a call to action for the advancement of the rights of every woman, everywhere. We must reaffirm our commitment urgently and unequivocally to its full realization. Let this anniversary be a moment of resolve, a turning point where we choose action over rhetoric, commitment over complacency. Thank.

You.

Thank you very much. It is now an honor for me to give the floor to Mr. Volker Tur, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Your Excellency, you have the floor.

President of the General Assembly, distinguished panelists, very happy to be here on this very important occasion to discuss the mainstreaming of gender equality. The Beijing Declaration and Platform of Action was a milestone in the history of women's rights and gender equality, and I know that many of you have actually actively participated in it. It encapsulated the incredible mobilization, the wisdom and expertise of feminist movements and women's rights organization, and it led to major progress. The declaration sparked a global stand against gender-based violence. More than 160 countries passed laws to address domestic violence. The number of women in parliaments around the world has more than doubled since the declaration, and 50 million more girls have been enrolled in schools globally since 2015. We urgently need that same mobilization and solidarity today. to counter a growing backlash against women's rights and gender equality, especially targeting sexual and reproductive health and rights. We need to rally around the declaration and the platform for action to send a clear message that resurgent gender-based violence, discrimination, and misogyny have no place in our world. Excellencies, distinguished Delegates, violence against women is a persistent scourge, and it's rampant online, on our streets, and in our homes. Six women or girls are killed every single hour by their intimate partner or family member, and the real numbers are most certainly higher. In 2023, the proportion of women killed in armed conflict doubled compared to the previous years. and the number of United Nations verified cases of conflict-related sexual violence grew by 50%. The outdated notion that men should control women's choices and bodies is gaining traction once again. Even the very concept of gender equality is being questioned. It is shocking and bewildering to me that misogynist influencers have millions of followers on social media and are hailed as heroes in some quarters. Women's rights are being dismissed and denied in one form or another all over the world. Not one country has achieved gender equality. This is a massive human rights failure and a problem not only for women and girls, but for everyone. No country can make sustainable progress politically, economically, or socially while subordinating or excluding half of its population. Women's full leadership and participation make peace agreements more durable, development more sustainable, climate action more effective, and economies more resilient. Take the climate catastrophe. Women and children are 14 times more likely than men to die in extreme weather events And four out of five people displaced by climate change are women and girls. No region can truly address the climate crisis without listening to women, who are uniquely positioned to be agents of change. Take diplomacy, where a growing number of countries have adopted a feminist foreign policy over the past decade. They are prioritizing equality and justice as preconditions for peace, prosperity, development, and security. This recognizes, for example, that women's participation increases the probability of a peace agreement lasting 15 years by at least 35%. Or take economic growth. Estimates suggest that closing the gender pay gap could give the global economy a 7 trillion US dollar boost. Women's rights and gender equality are non-negotiable. They will have an outsized, catalytic, and multiplier effect across all the sustainable development goals. We know that progress is possible. Our history and the leaders of the women's rights movements can show us the way. So too can the women and girls all over the world who are demanding an equal share. My office is working with them to advance their struggle. In Mexico, we are backing the fight against impunity in cases of femicide. In Colombia, we supported key peacebuilding activities with women at their core. We are working to increase the participation of women in decision-making in South Sudan. And in Ukraine, we are supporting women survivors of conflict-related sexual violence. We will continue to support efforts like these all over the world, celebrating diversity, insisting on bodily autonomy, pushing for equality in family spaces, in culture, and in religion, and pressing for more women at decision-making tables. We will promote and protect women's rights and gender equality every day at every opportunity, in my office's advocacy and in my engagement with states. This is my firm commitment. to women and girls in all their diversity everywhere. But this also needs to be a national priority and a global commitment, a promise by states and societies to women and girls to stand up for their rights, to protect and develop the legacy of the Beijing Declaration, and to dismantle the patriarchy brick by brick. Thank you.

Thank you very much. Thank you. I would now like to invite Sima Bahous, Executive Director of UN Women, to deliver a video message.

Excellencies, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to join you in commemorating the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. 30 years ago, the world made a promise to advance the rights, opportunities, and dignity of all women and girls. That promise was not just words on paper. It was a blueprint, a rallying cry. And for three decades, it has fueled progress. More girls in school, more women in parliaments, more laws protecting women from violence, more nations recognizing gender equality as a necessity. But let us be honest, we are not where we should be. Women and girls' rights are under attack. The spaces for women's voices are shrinking. And if we continue at this pace, a girl born today will be 39 years old before women hold as many seats in parliament as men. She will be 68 before child marriage ends, and she will be 137 years before extreme poverty for women and girls is eradicated. We cannot accept this. This year's Commission on the Status of Women is a moment to act decisively, invest ambitiously, and demand accountability. A moment to push for a bold, forward-looking political declaration that does not just reaffirm commitments, but accelerates them. We cannot do this alone. Change has always been contested, and our response must be just as strong. We must build alliances, amplify voices, and stand firm, including here in the Human Rights Council. Excellencies, the Beijing Platform laid the foundation for a world where all women and girls have equal rights and opportunities. Now, at Beijing+30, we need an all-hands-on-deck approach to turn that vision into reality. Our review of progress from 159 member states points to six urgent priorities. close the digital gender gap. Ensure every woman and girl can access technology and shape the future. End women's poverty, not in a century or a generation, but in our lifetime. Stop violence against women and girls. Pass and enforce laws and dismantle the norms that allow violence to persist. Ensure women's full and equal power at peace tables, in parliaments, in boardrooms, in every room where decisions are made. Put women at the heart of peace and humanitarian action, because when crisis strikes, they lead the way. Make women and girls the driving force of climate action, especially rural and indigenous leaders who hold the key to a sustainable future. and across all these areas, ensure that we engage young women and girls. Excellencies, as we mark this anniversary, let it be a call to shape the future and ensure that the promises made in Beijing are not only remembered, but fully realized. Let us act with urgency. Let us act with courage. And let us deliver for all women and girls everywhere, leaving no one behind. I thank you.

Thank you, your excellencies, distinguished participants. Before I give the floor to our panellists, I would like to reiterate my warmest greetings to them and to emphasise the importance of their contributions feeding into our collective reflection. We need to have an interactive, enriching discussion with all participants, and it's therefore an honour for me to give the floor to Doreen Bogdan-Martin, Secretary General of the ITU. Madame, you have the floor. Thank you, President.

Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. As we look back to 1995, the year the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action was adopted, think about what the digital world looked like. Less than 2% of the world's population had a mobile phone. Less than 1%, or actually to be precise, 0.8%, about 40 million people at the time, were online, had access to the internet. Delegates to the Fourth World Conference on Women may not have referenced the internet or the mobile phone, but they did understand and recognize this well, the immense potential of technology and its ability to empower women and girls. The outcome document mentions technology 31 times. Ten years later, we held the World Summit on the Information Society in Tunis, and there member states acknowledged the full participation of women in the information society as necessary, necessary to ensure inclusiveness and respect for human rights. By 2005, 34% of the world's population had a mobile phone, and about 15%, 1 billion, were connected to the internet. But not Rebecca, an inspiring fashion designer from Ethiopia. She never made a mobile phone call. She didn't have access to the internet. But a few years ago, after receiving digital skills training from the ITU and the Enhanced Integrated Framework, Rebecca was able to launch Helmi, her e-commerce business that now reaches customers all over the world. And Rebecca's story is one of progress, progress in leveraging digital technologies to advance opportunities for women and girls everywhere. This progress was re-energized when Beijing plus 15 review took place and member states decided to encourage the implementation of women's economic empowerment policies that leverage digital technologies for lifelong education. 30 years after Beijing, parity in the Internet, parity in Internet use has been achieved in some places, in some regions, but the digital gender divide is far from closed. And I think, referring to the words of the President of the General Assembly, that is one of the hard truths. We have not closed the digital gender gap. And in least developed countries, the gap is actually getting bigger, with less than 30% of women having access to the internet. Closing this digital divide is a matter of empowerment. But, ladies and gentlemen, it also makes economic sense. While estimates vary, exact estimates vary, Connecting more women could boost global GDP by billions and billions of dollars. But connecting women to the internet is not enough. We have what we call a usage gap, compounded by other barriers that are facing women and girls from a digital skills deficit, affordability challenges, that smartphone is too expensive or the cost of service is too expensive. to unsafe online environments, to an underrepresentation in STEM education, just to name a few. The impact of these barriers is clear. If we look at computer science studies alone, the proportion of female graduates back when computer science came on the scene in the 80s was about 30 something percent. Today, it's about the same. we have not been able to attract more women and girls into STEM fields. Beyond education, women are underrepresented in the tech force, around 30%. And to note that just 2% of all startup funding goes to women-led tech ventures. Of course, in the AI sphere, the numbers are not much better, with women representing some 30% of the workforce when it comes to AI. And when it comes to women in leadership in government positions, when it comes to tech, it's about 20%. Ladies and gentlemen, I think you will all agree that women's unique perspective is absolutely vital if digital policy and tech innovation is to truly benefit all. When this happens, I think the results are inspiring. Look no further than Not a Woman's Job, which is a photo exhibition that was on display first here at UNOG and now is being hosted by the ITU, celebrating 100 incredible scientists, engineers, and technologists who just happen to be women. One of them is 22-year-old Mary from Uganda, who wants to become a great engineer to help other girls turn their dreams into reality. Another is Aniri. She's a single mother learning digital skills at a STEM center in South Sudan. Our ITU-led AI Skills Coalition is designed to help women like Mary and like Aniri access training opportunities at a time when 40% of global employment is exposed to artificial intelligence. Excellencies, as the UNSG mentioned this morning, let's continue leveraging the Global Digital Compact and the Pact of the Future, where member states reaffirm their commitment to the Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action. ITU is

...firmly committed to continuing its role as a founding partner of the Equals Global Partnership, as an international gender champion, as a co-lead of the Generation Equality Action Coalition on Technology and Innovation, as a promoter of our Girls in ICT Day and World Telecommunications and Information Society Day on the 17th of May this year, when the ITU turns 160 years years old. Our anniversary theme, as agreed by our member states, is how digital transformation can empower women and girls like Rebecca, Mary, and Anieri. So much is possible when we work together. In fact, the only way to fully realize the promise of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and to eliminate all divides, the digital divide, once and for all, is by working together in partnership on behalf of women and girls everywhere. Thank you.

Thank you. I now have the honor. of giving the floor to another Rebecca, Ms. Rebecca Greenspan, Secretary General of UNCTAD. Madam, you have the floor. Thank you, President.

So let me first honor the memory of all those women that were in Beijing. 30,000 women or more were in Beijing, and they were able to put together the most comprehensive policy agenda ever created for achieving gender equality. Whatever we have achieved was not made by the invisible hand. It was made by the voice, by the work, by the leadership of all those women that paved the way for us to be here today, and we have to honor them. My second point is how this really affected all of us. I was vice president of Costa Rica in 1995. So I know firsthand how Beijing affected us in our policies, in what we did. I can tell you that because of Beijing and Costa Rica already had in 1995, a law for the equality of men and women. But Beijing really pushed our agenda much further. First of all, it inspired us to put together the first plan to mainstream women perspective across all sectors of government. And that really took away the women work and program from a corner, because it was a corner of the government. And suddenly it became really a mainstream challenge for all the sectors of government. So after Beijing, we established and implemented our first across-the-board, across all sector of government, strategy to be implemented by everybody. And because of Beijing, we clearly widened the perspective of policies across the board to look at women equality in political, in social, in economy and cultural rights. And it was the first time, and Beijing was the first time, where it was really established that the economy and the global economy were not gender neutral. It was, you know, the economy and the global economy were gender blind, but not gender neutral. And we started to really look at the different impacts of policies on women and men, because policies have different impact. But we didn't study it before. We didn't have the data to establish the facts. And so this revolution, this data revolution, was initiated to really make women visible, to count women, to desegregate data. And so through it, we were able to establish research and programs in the universities, women programs, research programs, to really establish the facts, not precluding what we will find, but at least having the possibility to understand reality, what really was happening in the ground. And that was essential to be able to establish the differentiated impact of shocks on women and girls and on all of us, because also there are differentiated effects and impacts on men. Because Beijing clearly established the need to include women's studies. in research programs to understand better the discrimination mechanisms and the different realities on the ground. Because one of the things that also happened in Beijing is that we understood also that the word women doesn't say all about all the women, that there were different realities, that agendas had to be built from the bottom up. not from the top down. And this possibility of research, of data, of disaggregation, really made the challenges much more closer to the possibility of policy, to have the right policies to really confront the challenges that we were seeing on the ground. And by put on the center of the challenges that we face, gender violence, and it was said by everybody today, in all the different realms, in conflict, in society, in our homes. And so that was like the third revolution, yes, not only the data revolution and the fact that we established that the economy and the global economy was not neutral towards gender, but also the revolution in the laws. Because, you know, in many parts of the world, Till then, domestic violence was a private issue, not a public issue. And so we were able to make a legal revolution also. And they are asking me to speed. And so let me go to my final point. When we think about how it affected us, as I said, in my own country then, we were aware of the mechanisms for the training and follow up of the legal system, of the judicial system, to really comply with the gender violence laws against violence against women. And then the training and the institutional development also took off. So the gender mechanisms and the legal mechanisms and CEDAW as a very important part of the international institutionality to follow on Beijing. So let me just say to finish that the Beijing agenda was an agenda against discrimination. against discrimination against women. It was not an agenda for discrimination. It was an agenda against discrimination. So let me finish by reminding everyone that eliminating the discrimination against women is key, and we are not there yet. Today, 30 years later, in developed and developing countries, Even at the law level, we continue to have unacceptable discriminatory laws. 2.4 billion women don't have the same economic rights than men across 178 countries. So, Beijing gave us a foundation of rights. We must continue building here in the Human Rights Council. We must move from the declaration to implementation, from promises to practice, to building a world where women's rights, all rights, are truly universal, indivisible, and inalienable. Thank you.

Thank you very much. Thank you to the Secretary General, Vang Tai, and I now have the honor of giving the floor to Ms. Nala Haidar. Madam, you have the floor. Thank you, Your Excellency.

It is very difficult to take the floor after those wonderful speeches and referring also to CDAO, and I'm here humbly going to share with you also how CDAO celebrating this 30th anniversary. of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, which, as was stated by all the speakers, is indeed a landmark agreement that has been instrumental in advancing women's and girls' rights since 1995. The Beijing Platform for Action comprehensive approach addressing 12 critical areas of concern has indeed, as was illustrated, guided policies and programs worldwide. We have witnessed significant progress in areas that were alluded to, including institutional mechanism, gender parity in primary schools, et cetera. However, the challenges persist, and even worse, the backlash against the rights are worrying. Underrepresentation of women in decision-making and new forms of violence and misinformation. As we reflect on the past three decades, we must renew our commitments to gender equality, combat these challenges, and explore emerging issues like online violence to ensure that the Beijing Platform for Action remains relevant and effective tool for future generations. While we acknowledge the progress since the Beijing Platform for Action, we must also confront the evolving challenges. and these new forms of online and technology-facilitated violence, but at the same time, as was stated by the Secretary General of ITU, the opportunity that technology can afford women. We have to really turn our urgent attention to all these issues, as emerging technology, including AI algorithm, could set back or could lead to some discrimination, but there are also opportunities for positive change. The Beijing Platform for Action and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, CEDAW, have worked in tandem for the past 30 years. As you know, CEDAW predated the Beijing Platform for Action, but has really used the Beijing Platform for Action to provide a comprehensive framework. Because CEDAW, being a legally binding instrument, is the strongest mechanism for the protection, promotion, and fulfillment of women's And CEDAW can hold States Parties accountable, and some of you in the room have seen that recently in some of the dialogue, but also accompany the State Party to measure the progress and reinforce commitment. Through constructive dialogues and recommendations, CEDAW is the voice for millions of women. Its general recommendations, which are soft law tools, cover all the 12 critical areas of the Beijing Platform for Action. addressing women in poverty, education, healthcare, violence, armed conflict, political participation, and more. Crucially, CEDAW addresses emerging issues like the amplified stereotype in the area of technology so that the Beijing Platform for Action remains relevant. I was stated technology was cited, but we were not aware of where we are going to be 30 years after that. So I will not take you too much into the respective area, but I want to highlight because it's an opportunity for me talking to this August audience of state parties to say how much. It is important when we look at women and poverty, when we look at the link, the role of women in economic development, to look also at those general recommendations that have been provided by CDAO over the years. And we have now about, we have 40 C general recommendations that has been adopted. But I want to quote here on women and poverty, in particular general recommendation number 34. on rural women and general recommendation number 29 on economic consequences of marriage, which further solidify the connection that the Beijing Platform for Action has. alluded to. On education, again, I cannot quote enough the general recommendation number 36, where the whole issue of minimal number of girls in STEMs, where the whole issue of not being able to reverse this trend is still with us and is still a big challenge. Yet we have some guidance to state party who would like to address that in that soft law tool. Women and health, the same. Even if we are not very happy anymore with our general recommendation 24, because we have evolved much beyond that in jurisprudence on the bodily autonomy and because of the threat on sexual and reproductive health and rights, we are very concerned and we are already considering to update the general recommendation to take into account all these development. The same applies to violence, which is the fourth area of the Beijing Platform for Action. And there again, two general recommendation that are landmarks 19, but in particular 35, that has also alluded to feminicide and all the development around this issue. Women and armed conflict, same again here, this very important first general recommendation number 30 on this issue. When we remember that the preamble of CEDAW is about role of women in peace, and we seem to have departed from that for many, many years. So Bringing back the centrality of all of this, the same applies to women in leadership and decision-making, and many of you have been witness of the launch of GR40 last year on parity and the importance for all of us to continue addressing the challenge on women political representation. On institutional mechanism and for the advancement of women, I think the dialogue with state party show how important it is to accompany the state in what they are to move from legal framework to application, from de jure to de facto equality. And when it comes to the ninth area of the Beijing Platform for Action on human rights of women, we believe that CEDAW is at the core of this area of concern. CEDAW has sensitized and echoed crucial instruments and milestones, notably the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action of 1993, which reaffirmed that the human rights of women and of the girl child are an inalienable, integral, and indivisible part of universal human rights, emphasizing that women's rights are human rights as a core belief and a driver for achieving progress. So I think, again, in this area, we have one pillar in human rights and one pillar in development as a treaty, and this reconciliation of the two pillars is crucial. Women and media also, I just want to announce, many of you have been also part of the half day of general discussion. On the new general recommendation that we are embarking on, on stereotypes, which will be general recommendation 41, and we'll be able also to address the role of media. And women and the environment, obviously, general recommendation 37 on climate change. And last, the girl's child. So I just want to conclude by saying that we need to ensure that the promise of the Beijing Plan for Action is not just upheld, but fully realized, as was said by previous speaker. And let us push forward with renewed determination, knowing that the legacy we build today will determine the future for generation of women and girls to come. Thank you.

Thank you. I have the honor to give the floor to Ms. Liu Yang. This is a video message.

President, dear delegates, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. I'm a Chinese astronaut, Liu Yang. Today, with this video, it's my great honor to join the annual high-level panel discussion as a panelist. 30 years ago, the Fourth World Conference on Women was held in Beijing, sending a strong message calling for action for the advancement of women. The Beijing Declaration proclaimed in strong voice that women's rights are human rights. Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action as the outcome of this conference has not only laid a solid foundation for the advancement of women globally, but also provided clear guidance for all countries in promoting gender equality and empowerment through science and technology. In 2012, I had the honor of representing hundreds of millions of Chinese women in space for the first time. When the engine of the Shenzhou spacecraft was ignited, I felt not only the shock of 600 tons of thrust, but also the power of hundreds of millions of Chinese women backing up. In 2022, when I was looking at the blue planet from the Chinese space station, which is 400 kilometers away from the Earth, I was full of pride and I firmly believed that gender has never been a barrier for human exploration, and civilization and science and technology could always break down prejudices. The penholders of the Beijing Declaration 30 years back would be pleased to know that today, Chinese women are able to conduct the cell experiments on space station, use quantum computers to analyze the genetic code and send aircraft into sky. At this very moment, China's first ever female space flight engineer is looking down the earth from the space station. I was born in 1978, a time that not all Chinese women and girls could have access to education. Today, in China, the net enrollment rate of girls in junior high schools reaches almost 100%, and the proportion of female students in higher education institutions is close to 50%. It is this kind of progress in education that makes me, the girl who loved the story of Altair and Vega on both sides of the Milky Way, a looked up in sky searching for northern and southern deepers can eventually fly up to the sky. In the selection and training of Chinese astronauts, the same set of qualification standards applied to both men and women, be it the centrifuge exercise with eight times the gravity to earth or 72-hour confined environment adaptation training. In the manual of space station, there's only one title of astronaut instead of male or female. This concept of no gender before standards reflects the core logic women's cause in China, that is to institutionalize a fair and equitable competition environment for both women and men. This is also concrete realization of the spirit of Beijing Declaration, that is when women enjoy equal education resources and fair access, we would be able to make history. When I perform extra vehicular activity in space, the robotic arm I operated was as 0.1 millimeters. Behind this was the round the clock efforts of the team of female engineers. The truth tells us when scientific and technological developments are empowered with gender perspective, it unleashes the profound potential that could change the world. China has always been a champion in the global cause of women, with sharing with many countries the Chinese solution on maternal and child healthcare, helping reduce maternal mortality. The Lu Ban workshops are organized in Africa to train tens of thousands of women with science and technology. The driving power behind is the global expression of Beijing Declaration spirit. In the space, our space station orbits the Earth every 90 minutes. where I witnessed the morning mist over the Amazon rainforest, the sunsets over the Sahara Desert, and snow lines of the Himalayas. This transcendent perspective has instilled in me a profound realization: all humanity is one family, and the advancement of women requires global collective efforts of us all. We always remember the invaluable support provided by the UN agencies in areas such as poverty eradication, educational equity, and healthcare. The spirit of moving forward hand in hand is the best footnote for building a community with shared future for mankind. Ladies and gentlemen, today I'm honored to speak here, not only as an astronaut, not only as a woman representative, but also a beneficiary and practitioner of the spirit of Beijing Declaration, and as a witness of women empowerment through technology. 30 years ago, Beijing bore witness to the world's women's determination to pursue equality. At the conference table, our predecessors laid out the blueprint for gender equality with pen and paper. In the upcoming 30 years, I believe that through our unremitting efforts and sincere cooperation, we'll further promote gender equality and women's empowerment. More and more women will break boundaries of life, achieve comprehensive development, and make greater contribution to the advancement of women's status worldwide and to the progress of human society. Thank you for your attention, and I wish this panel discussion a complete success.

Thank you very much. Excellencies, dear colleagues, we will now proceed to the first segment of our speakers list. I see many high-level dignitaries inscribed on the list. That's excellent, of course. Nevertheless, I have to insist on the speaking time of one minute 30 seconds if we want to allow all the 40 speakers inscribed on the list to take the floor. So I apologize in advance to the high-level dignitaries if, when necessary, I interrupt you speak human rights council style. Please respect the one minute 30 minutes, and I have the honor to give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Alberto von Clauver, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Chile.

Thank you very much, President. Allow me first and foremost to thank the speakers for the excellent presentations that we've heard. 30 years on from the adoption of the Beijing Declaration Platform of Action, Chile wishes to restate its adamantine commitment to gender equality and human rights for all women and girls. Multilateralism must be a driver for change towards gender equality in this context. And as a country that has actively included a gendered approach in its foreign policy, Chile has put in place a specific initiative such as strengthening the role of women in our diplomacy, the promotion of an economy of caring as a pillar of sustainable development, and the strengthening of political participation for women on an equal footing. The real realization of human rights of women and girls in all their diversity, without any discrimination, requires bold measures and commitments over time. Despite progress, there are structural barriers that prevent the full realisation of the rights of women and girls. We have gender violence, the pay gap, the lack of fair access to education and health, including to sexual and reproductive health rights. These continue to be structural barriers that we must tackle with determination and urgency. This is why we launch an appeal to the international community to consolidate a multilateral system which guarantees the real equality and gender justice at all levels. This requires specific commitments and accountability mechanisms which ensure real and lasting progress. The Beijing+30 process is a historic opportunity to strengthen this accountability and to ensure that these commitments are translated into effective actions and policy. Gender equality is not an optional goal; it is an imperative, and we must bring about this lasting change. Thank you.

The adoption of the Beijing Platform for Action has been a major achievement in the global fight for women's rights and gender equality. Thanks to the efforts of the Chinese Government, in 1995 the rights of women were brought to another level. China played a key role, not just in strengthening international cooperation in the area of gender equality, but also in giving fresh impetus to practical measures for improving the situation of women in all countries. The key goals of the Beijing Declaration gave clear guidance for governments in order to set them on a path for eradicating gender inequality. In 30 years since that historic document has been adopted, the global community has achieved significant success in promoting women in political, economic and social spheres. It is very important to build on the progress achieved, and Belarus continues its efforts in implementing the Beijing Declaration Platform for Action because gender equality is not just women's rights, it's also a key part of sustainable and fair development. I will not today go into the details and give you key examples or figures. You will know that our achievements are that women play a key role in the political and economic life of our countries, and this is confirmed in global ratings. We will be happy to share our best practices and positive experience in the area of gender equality and women's empowerment. Please come and visit. Thank you.

The floor to the Foreign Minister of Iceland, speaking on behalf of a group of countries. Madam, you have the floor.

Mr. President, I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic countries. We welcome this opportunity to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and reaffirm our commitment to its full implementation. Gender equality must remain a priority not just for long-term peace and economic well-being, but in order to secure human rights of all. The Beijing Declaration and the outcome documents of the following review conferences put forth a bold vision of women's and girls' full enjoyment of all human rights. Many important achievements have been made, but we have still a long way to reach its goals. It is imperative to tackle sexual and gender-based violence, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and rights, to bridge the digital gender gap, and to recognize the structural inequalities and the multiple and intersecting form of discrimination women and girls face globally. Mr. President, we firmly believe that gender transformative policies are the foundation for inclusive and rights-based based societies where everyone can prosper. True progress requires strong global partnerships and the involvement of all, including men and boys. Now is the time for decisive action to create lasting change. Thank you.