Outer Space: Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 68th session, 840th meeting

Item 4, general exchange of views. We will continue our consideration of agenda item 13, future role and methods of work of the committee. We will also have the co-chair of the action team on lunar activities consultation to present the work plan of the action team to the committee. We will continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda items 14, Space Exploration and Innovation, and 15, Space 2030 Agenda. Time permitting, we will begin and hopefully conclude our consideration of Agenda Item 16, Other Matters. Distinguished delegates, in view of the limited time available, I would like to appeal to you all that we proceed in a constructive And cooperative manner and continue our consideration firstly of agenda item 4, general exchange of views, and prioritising statements by states as we have a dense schedule ahead of us this morning. Once all scheduled statements by states are delivered under agenda item 4, general exchange of views, we will move on to the other planned agenda items. If we still have time with interpretation, at the end of the morning we resume agenda item 4, general exchange of views, to have the statements delivered by the observers. Is this proposal agreeable? We will so proceed. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue our consideration of Agenda Item 4, General Exchange of Views, prioritizing the statements by states. I now turn to the list of speakers. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Greece. You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Chairman, distinguished colleagues, Since this is the first time we are taking the floor on this agenda item, we would like to join previous speakers in congratulating you, as well as Mr. Facetti Fernández and Mrs. Al-Khalifa, on your election and wishing you success in your important task. We would also like to express our appreciation to the Director of the UNRWA, Mrs. Arti Holamaimi, for the skillful guidance of the Office. Greece aligns itself with the EU statement and would like to add the following on its in its national capacity. Mr. Chairman, over the past decade, humanity's access and operations in outer space have fundamentally changed, and the driving factors behind these changes are likely to accelerate in the coming decades. This change presents us opportunities and risks, and we need to develop further the existing governance so that we can sustainably accelerate innovation and discovery with a view to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Greece strongly believes that the UN Treaties on Outer Space and the relevant UN General Assembly sets of principles constitute the cornerstone of international space law. In this context, COPUSS and its subcommittees are the main fora for the development of international space law guidelines, confidence-building measures, and international cooperation. As to international cooperation, we believe that it should by all means prevail over any use of force in space. And we welcome in this regard the adoption by the UN General Assembly of Resolution 79/87 of 2024 on International Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which, among others, expresses its serious concern about the possibility of an arms race in outer space and reaffirms the significance of international cooperation for a space free from an arms race and conflict, for the benefit of all. Mr. Chairman, COPOS, through its 2 subcommittees, has proven its ability to deliver on its mandate. We welcome in this regard the progress made so far within the Working Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities, as well as within the Legal Subcommittee's Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activities. And encourage them to advance their discussions. In this context, we would like to stress that Greece believes that the legal aspects of space resource exploration and exploitation must be regulated by international law. Past legal experience in this respect includes the administration of the international seabed by the International Seabed Authority established by the UNCLOS, the frequent frequency spectrum management regime of the ITU, and the legal regime governing Antarctica. This long-established, solid international legal practice adopted within the UN system, part of which is also COPUS, can serve as an inspirational tool and guide in developing a legal framework for space resource activities. Mr. Chairman, allow me at this stage to give you a brief insight into my country's recent endeavors in the space sector. The Greek Space Law, which establishes the legal framework for the authorization of space activities, has been revised in 2024 in order to provide for a third-party liability amount requested by the satellite operators as a mandatory condition. Through this legislative approach, a more flexible regime based on a proportionate TPL amount depending on the characteristics of the mission, has been initiated, thus encouraging the growth of the small satellite sector. My country is also steadily proceeding with implementation, in collaboration with ESA, of its national microsatellite programme that includes the construction and launch of 13 satellites of various types, covering identified national needs such as national disaster monitoring, security and environmental protection. The upcoming fleet of Greek satellites consists of 7 microsatellites with optical payload and capabilities of very high-resolution imaging, 4 dedicated thermal microsatellites with sensors that monitor thermal emissions and can detect fire fronts under thick smoke or during the night, and 2 high-resolution synthetic aperture radar microsatellites that can observe the ground and sea surface under thick clouds and dark. Mr. Chairman, in concluding, let me assure you that Greece will continue to intensively work for the promotion and deepening of international cooperation in the space domain and the conduct of space activities in accordance with international law as required by Article 3 of the Outer Space Treaty. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Greece, and I now invite the distinguished delegate of Paraguay to take the floor.

Chair, thank you very much for giving me the floor. A longer version of Paraguay's statement will be made available for distinguished delegates Chair Paraguay, has focused a fundamental part of its work on developing capabilities in the education and technology sectors and sustainable development in close collaboration with academic institutions, the private sector, and governmental departments. We welcome the agenda of the Commission for this period of sessions, in particular the debates around education and youth participation, capacity building, equal access, and the benefits of space and the sustainability of space activities, including space traffic. We would like to reiterate our strong commitment to the use of outer space for exclusively peaceful purposes, and we would like to highlight the importance of international cooperation as a central axis for national capacity building. Chair, with the goal of bringing space science to new generations, The Laboratory of Space Engineering has promoted initiatives such as launching global probes which have allowed students to actively participate in all stages of a mission from its design to its implementation. In the same spirit, the Geographical Information System, GEO Lab, has created training programmes in telly detection and geospatial analysis aimed at secondary school students. These initiatives aim to strengthen from a very early age students' interest in science and space technology, supporting the development of national capabilities. Regarding capacity building, we would like to share some of Paraguay's recent advances made in terms of space development. Firstly, building on the legacy of GuaraníSat-1 in the framework of the project Paraguay to Space Phase 2, The second Paraguayan satellite, Guaraní-Sat-2, designed and built by our own national engineers, is currently in its testing phase. Its key mission will be to provide services to the radio community as well as transmissions that will help to continue to build capabilities in space technology. Also, the Paraguay Space Agency, through its Earth Observation Laboratory GNSS and GEO-Lab, has created a strategy focused on innovation in the use of space geospatial data for developing sustainable agriculture and managing disaster risk. In this context, and then along with the Japan International Cooperation Agency and ArchEdge Space, we are now looking at an app which will use space technology for more efficient decision-making based on evidence that will help small farmers. We are also carrying out capacity building programmes with Japan on the use of space data for agriculture, managing disasters, and environmental monitoring, as well as developing satellites, including the engineering model for GRANISAT-2. We also use satellite technology for environmental policy and for security. Geospatial activity has been used, on the one hand, to detect and eradicate illegal plantations of marijuana, protected areas, allowing us to eliminate hundreds of hectares in border areas, and on the other hand, to strengthen monitoring of forest coverage, such as was reflected in the report of our President Santiago Peña in COP28. So, and in Paraguay, we have a sustained reduction in deforestation, 44% forest coverage. Regarding monitoring water resources, we have made significant advances using remote sensors and using national data platform, as well as the active participation of satellite academies such as the SWOT mission. A key landmark was in March, the launching of the Water Information System, the first national digital platform which will help us look at access to water and sanitation. This also included information from institutes, various institutes, promoting interoperability of data in easy-to-read language, ensuring our national participation in regional fora as well, such as South American Water Space. Which help us to mitigate risk, share methodology, and mitigate the risks of climate change. Chair, to conclude, Paraguay would like to reiterate its firm support to continue working in a coordinated way with the international community to ensure that the benefits of space effectively reach all sectors of society and contribute to improving quality of life. Paraguay would also like to note the Guidelines on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities and say that we value their use as a point of reference for better transparency, security, and international cooperation in this field. At the same time, we recognise that given the exponential growth of objects in orbit and actors involved in space activities, it is a real priority that we strengthen multilateral mechanisms for technical coordination and transparency, in particular regarding space traffic and long-term sustainability, through the creation of a group of experts on knowledge of the space situation. My delegation would also like to reiterate the relevance that we attribute to the work and proposals aiming to mitigate the consequences of the proliferation of satellite— satellites in preserving dark and quiet skies for astronomic investigation. Thank you very much, Chair.

I thank distinguished representative of Paraguay for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Costa Rica.

Chair, I would like to express my country's delight at seeing you presiding over the work of this period of sessions. At the same time, we would like to thank the UNUSA Secretariat Staff and Director Holomaini for preparatory work done for this meeting. Defending institutionality and global governance is a longstanding principle for Costa Rica. UNUSA is no exception to this principle. We were one of the first countries to warn that this office was not receiving the required financial support or political profile within the system in spite of the fact that it carried out its role in an excellent manner, complying with its mandate. For Costa Rica, it is contradictory to demand a more efficient committee if its Secretariat is being massively reduced. It's also a contradiction to demand more cooperation programmes if the Office does not have capability to implement the associated activities. Also, through GRULAC and the G77, we have sent the same message. Allow me to be completely clear: strengthening this office is in the interest of all, but in particular interest for countries in development, because we depend a lot on multilateralism, and through this we can speed up capacity building and strengthening Through a more robust office. Costa Rica would like to reiterate that we will continue to advocate for these efforts, and we would call on other members of the Committee to do so as well in Vienna during sessions of the Committee and subcommittees. And we would like to invite those member states that share these concerns to take these to debates in New York where we will discuss the budget. Chair, we would urge UNHCR to continue managing and strengthening the new Fund for Space Cooperation for Development through coordinated action across the whole UN system and with external partners, including governments, non-governmental organizations, and private sector actors, private sector actors guaranteeing space solutions that are inclusive, impactful, and forward-looking. Costa Rica will continue seeking to carry out a second expert mission in the country in the field of space law, which will strengthen our regulatory and institutional framework in the field of space. The space calendar in 2026 for Costa Rica will begin with the International Symposium on Equatorial Aeronomy, which will be held in Liberia in Guanacaste Province between the 9th to the 13th of February, bringing together researchers in atmospheric sciences, the ionosphere, and the magnetosphere. A week later, we will begin our workshop on machine learning as applied to space weather and global satellite navigation systems. From the 16th to the 20th of February in San José, organized jointly with the Center for Space Research in the University of Costa Rica and the ICESat We would invite member states to participate, and we will be sharing the results in the next cycle of sessions of the Scientific Subcommittee in 2026. Chair, we would like to call upon the whole space community to maintain a high level of ambition, looking forward to UNISPACE 4, where we will promote discussions under the principle of goodwill, without politicising which can disrupt our debate and decision-making.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Costa Rica for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Mexico.

Thank you very much, Chair. Chair, distinguished delegates, Mexico would like to express our recognition for Director-General of OSA, Arti Holomaini, and all of the Secretariat team for the successful organization of this period of session in spite of the financial challenges that the Office is facing. Mexico aligns itself with a statement made by the distinguished delegation of Peru on behalf of GRULAC, as well as the statement made by the Republic of Korea On behalf of states that make up MICTA. In addition, Mexico would like to express the following in our national capacity. Mexico would like to underscore the crucial importance of preserving the use, exploration, and use of outer space, the Moon, and other celestial bodies for exclusively peaceful purposes to benefit the whole of humanity, guaranteeing compliance with these 2 goals means that member states in— of this committee commit to continue working in a constructive manner to develop space governance and to ensure the unrestricted observance of international law that is applicable in the field, highlighting the principles that stem from the 5 treaties that regulate space activities. Mexico is a state party to the 5— these 5 treaties. And we believe that the growing participation of states in these instruments is vital to strengthen the governance of outer space and to ensure that activities that are carried out in outer space are done in a responsible, sustainable, and secure way. Along the same lines, Mexico believes that it is in the best interests of all states to strengthen this committee and UNOOSA as its secretariat. Last April, the Agency for Digital Transformation and Telecommunications presented Mexico's space program, which seeks to place a new satellite in orbit to cover the needs of the Mexican population. In order to increase by 20 times our satellite capabilities to ensure connectivity in the furthest-flung areas that are hardest to access in our country through public infrastructure. All of this will be done with an aim of bringing the benefits of space technology to the whole population, closing the digital divide, and ensuring that more people throughout the country have their right to connectivity. Among the essential roles of this committee, it includes guaranteeing the benefits of outer space, both in areas outside of national jurisdiction, to ensure that this can be reached by all, regardless of their level of development or technology development in each state. This is why my country has joined the initiative launched under the framework of this committee relating to the fair distribution of the benefits of the activities of outer space— of the outer space activities, aiming to strengthen international cooperation and ensuring that the distribution of space exploration and technology benefit all of humanity. Finally, Chair, Mexico would be in favour of holding UNISPACE IV because we believe that this space offers a strategic framework for shedding a light on the crucial importance of the work of this committee's and its subcommittees, as well as to make progress in pending tasks, ensuring that outer space is safe, sustainable, and benefits all. Thank you very much, Chair.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Mexico for her statement, and now I invite the distinguished delegate of Indonesia to take the floor.

Mr.

Chair, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, allow me to join others in congratulating you as the chair of the 68th 8th session of COPUS, rest assured of our delegation's full support for successful outcome of this deliberation under your able leadership. We thank the Director Arti Hulamaini and her secretariat team for the excellent preparation of this meeting despite some situational constraints that we are facing.

The Indonesian delegation associates itself with the statement of G77 and China and the general statement of MIKTA.

In addition, I would like to add a few remarks in our national capacity. Chair, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia would like to once again to emphasize our view that based on international law, outer space shall be used and explored entirely for peaceful purposes and for the benefit of humankind. Indonesia welcomes Latvia and Djibouti as the new members of COPUS. We urge more countries to join our forum. For strengthening our multilateral works to guarantee peaceful uses of outer space, the future of humankind. My delegation hopes the Director of UNOOSA could establish more programs to accelerate the universality membership of COPOS. At the same time, my delegation acknowledges the challenges of our budgetary deficit. We hope the UN-COPOS will be able to find creative ways to maintain capacity-building programs without sacrificing the quality of capacity-building services.

Mr. Chair, allow me to extend our appreciation to the Director for the summary report of COPU's work and the Chair's opening remarks.

My delegation is pleased to see the progress of the work of STS and LSS subcommittee. The long list of terms agenda, the agenda in STS, LSS, and other committee sessions shows that our commitment to multilateralism in outer space issues keeps growing. The complexity of the issues also demonstrates there are many issues that we need to negotiate.

We hope our deliberation will come up with solutions for open issues and strengthen our cooperation on normative setting process.

Considering the issue as space traffic management or STM, STM, Space Debris and Space Resources, we are of the view that this committee should make a specific but concise report to the General Assembly of how the committee has implemented the mandate given by the Pact of the Future to negotiate possible legal frameworks on STM, Space Debris and Space Resources. My delegation reserves its right to provide further comments on individual related agenda items in this session. However, Mr. Chair, allow me also to share some information regarding recent development in Indonesian space activities.

Indonesia is continuing the process of formulating, implementing regulation of Law No. 21, Year 2013, on Outer Space, and establishing a comprehensive national space governance framework.

A comprehensive review of the national roadmap on space, space program is currently also being conducted. Indonesia continues to actively participate in international and regional capacity-building programs, including the Sentinel-Asia Initiative for Disaster Management, which provides funding assistance for activities co-organized by Sentinel-Asia and BRIN, and a training workshop co-organized with UNSCARP on the issue of space application for sustainable development, focusing on disaster management.

Management tools.

At regional level, Indonesia is active in the ASEAN Subcommittee on Space Technology and Application, or SCOSA, and its subsidiary bodies.

Indonesia will host the 15th annual meeting of the Southeast Asia Astronomy Network in Bandung, Indonesia, from 13th until 15th October 2025.

Furthermore, we would like to inform that Indonesia is hosting the United Nations Indonesia workshop on the application of Global Navigation Satellite System, or GNSS, held in Jakarta, Indonesia, from 17 until 21 November 2025. Further information has been announced on the website of COPOS. I thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

Thank the distinguished representative of Indonesia for his statement. Distinguished Ladies and gentlemen, delegates, I've received a request for a right of reply from the distinguished delegation of Iran. I would therefore ask the distinguished delegate of Iran to take the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Chairman, in the afternoon meeting of the last Friday, 27th of June, 2025, one delegation took the floor and repeated some misleading statements against my country. As I am attaching great importance to the work of this committee and for— in order for the committee to be able to focus on its main tasks, I would suffice myself only to underline that the same explanations that we provided during the previous statements in exercise of our right of reply also applies in the case of these recent unfounded accusations. Thank you very much, Mr.

Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran for his statement. Distinguished delegates, as agreed at the opening of this session, if we still have time with interpretation at the end of the morning, after we consider all scheduled agenda items, we will resume agenda item 4, general exchange of views, to have the statements delivered by the observers. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue and hopefully suspend our consideration of agenda item 13, future role and method of work of the committee, pending the outcome of consultations on matters concerning Unispace IV and ATLAS. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Germany— of Argentina, sorry. Argentina, I give the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Chair, delegates, representatives, this year we have a reduced plenary session with fewer official working days. We hope that this is an exceptional event and will not set a precedent for the future because it affects the role and work of a forum that has been created particularly to tackle matters relating to the peaceful uses of outer space from a legal and technical, technical scientific point of view. We should also not limit the opportunity for all states to present progress made and interact regarding space governance in a collaborative way in the framework of international cooperation as well as strengthening links with non-governmental actors. As we've already said at other times, COPUOS, both its plenary and subcommittee, play a fundamental role given the ever-increasing amount of activity in outer space through an increased number of actors, both in the public sector and private sector, to ensure that these benefits reach the populations of all of our countries. Greater dependency on space technology prompted new countries to request joining, which we've seen in this session, and this is something obviously that we celebrate. However, this goes hand in hand with the need to continue thinking about ways of increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of our work. Reducing statement time to 3 minutes could be applied also to the subcommittees, with the option of including a longer version on the website. It's also essential that we maintain the Secretariat's commitment and that of all member states to ensure the availability of sufficient resources given the ever-increasing workload of Copyright subcommittees and working groups. Regarding items on the agendas, my delegation is always open to reviewing and regrouping these. However, we believe that we mustn't only include new topics if we finish dealing with another one because Because this could be a very restrictive measure that might be applied to topics that do require urgent attention. Chair, we see an increase in informal sessions where we discuss the centrality of topics outside of official sessions. While this informal hybrid session is an alternative option and a dynamic way of working that facilitates support from capitals, their increase during the period of sessions in Vienna in any way has undermined the role of this multilateral forum, affecting full participation of all delegations and the principle of multilingualism. This is why we believe we need to look at alternatives for ensuring that we have more inclusive participation. On the other hand, there are increasing number of activities. The unofficial working groups overlap with side events. And this— but it's important that we have the contribution of knowledge and capacity generation. We need planning for all of the available hours of work along with parallel activities, but this needs to be rational, ensuring that we don't have so many meetings that we can't have adequate participation from all countries, in particular those with small delegations. To close, Chair, We are pleased that we have made progress in the work of ATLAC, and we hope that we will continue to make advances and provide contributions in my delegations, as well as on other matters under this agenda item.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Argentina for the statement. The next speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Germany.

Thank you very much, Chair.

Distinguished delegates, the impact of the liquidity crisis on the work of UNOSA and COPUS is evident in the shortened meeting time for the current session. We very much regret this situation and thank the Secretariat and all member states for their constructive spirit enabling important deliberation and decisions to be made at the present session despite these circumstances. COPUS should nonetheless continue to be the unique forum for the exchange of experts on cooperation in space for peaceful purposes. Under this agenda item, we would like to highlight the following. First, we welcome the adoption of a full report at LSC. This provides an opportunity to reflect different perspectives as expressed during the formal sessions prior to the adoption of the report. As we have seen at the SGIC, the adoption of an action-oriented report shall only take place under exceptional circumstances. Secondly, we encourage to continue inviting contributions from experts and observer organizations on the latest developments closely related to specific agenda items for further duration by member states in various working formats such as working groups, action teams, study groups, technical presentations, and side events. Finally, we thank the ATLAS co-chairs, Mrs. Botezatu and Mr. Abbas, for organizing cross-committee meetings and coordination with the working group chairs of both subcommittees, as well as the co-facilitators of the UNISPE 4 deliberations, Italy and Morocco, for convening cross-committee meetings to collect views on all thematic pillars discussed at COPUS and its subcommittees. We consider this cross-committee coordination as an important means to support our work. On Unispace 4, we consider that the revised text facilitates the conference linkage to tangible outcomes while avoiding duplication of existing efforts, instead highlighting the important work of the committee. We recognize the valuable contributions of existing work streams to the conference and look forward to reaching a consensus at this COPU session on the establishment of the study group on legal and policy aspects of space traffic and an expert group on space situational awareness with a view to contributing its work to Unispace 4. Honorable Chair, distinguished delegates, we are committed to strengthening international cooperation, taking into account the interests of developing countries and emerging spacefaring nations. At the UN level, we continue to support UNOSA core programs including UN-SPIDER, which are vital in making the benefits of space accessible to all. Additional measures are provided at national and regional levels, and we are ready to engage in dialogue with other members on this matter to analyze how international cooperation can be further expanded to bring the benefits of space to everyone with a view to discussing this topic further for the 2026 COPUS session and as another tangible outcome of Unibus Space 4. Finally, we look forward to working with member states and UNOSA to make sure that COPUS and its subcommittees continue their strong track record of delivering impactful results. Merci beaucoup, Monsieur le Président.

Thank you very much, Chair. I thank the distinguished representative of Germany for the statement. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to give the floor to the co-chair of the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultation, Ms. Ulpia Elena Botezatu of Romania, who has led the Action Team, to present the work plan of the Action Team to the committee. Madam, you have the floor.

Thank you for giving me the floor, Chair. Chair, distinguished delegates, we as the co-chairs of the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultation of the Committee appreciate the opportunity to report back to the plenary of this Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space regarding the discussions of the Action Team held since the 67th session of the Committee. As agreed at its 67th session, the Secretariat had invited contributions from States members of the Committee on the Bureau and work plan of the Action Team. During the intersessional period, by means of a sizeless procedure, the Committee established the Action Team's Bureau consisting of 2 co-chairs, Hassan Abbas of Pakistan and myself, Ulpi Elena Botezat of Romania. The Action Team had commenced its work by holding meetings during the 62nd session of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee to develop a work plan in accordance with its mandate and methods of work as reflected in the committee's report in document A/79/20, Annex IV, paragraphs 1 and 11. The action team worked hard by meeting during the 64th session of the Legal Subcommittee and the 68th session of the committee, as well as during the intersessional periods. We had intense, in-depth deliberation aimed at finalizing the draft work plan, including the priority topics, which is to be updated until 2026. At its formal meeting on June 27th, the Action Team reached an agreement on the final draft of the work plan, including the priority topics, as reflected in document A/AC.105/2025/CRP31, entitled Draft Work Plan of the Action Team on Non-Activist Consultation for submission to the Committee for its endorsement. We extend our sincere gratitude to all Action Team members and delegations for their proactive and constructive engagement. We deeply appreciate their valuable insights and contributions to finalizing the draft work plan. Further discussions are needed to elaborate upon subsequent steps to advance the work of Action Team during the intersessional period in accordance with its work plan. To that end, the Action Team has scheduled the last informal meeting during this session to be held on July 1st and will further hold intersessional meetings after the present session of the committee. The Action Team will continue reporting on the progress made in its work to the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, the Legal Subcommittee, and the committee at their sessions in 2026. We are encouraged to see the growing number of representatives appointed by member states to participate in the Action Team, with more than 100 representatives from 34 states. We would like to invite other states members who have not yet appointed their representatives to do so to ensure diverse and expert-level exchanges in the work of Action Team. We reiterate our gratitude to all delegations for their invaluable contributions to and support for work of the action team and look forward to continuing productive exchanges. Thank you for your attention, Chair.

I thank Ms. Ulpia Elena Potizzati for reporting on the work plan of the action team. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to endorse the work plan for the action team on lunar activities consultation. As contained in document A/AC.105/2025/CRP.31. Do I take it that the committee endorses the work plan for the action team on lunar activities consultation? The work plan for the action team on lunar Activities consultation is endorsed. We have suspended our consideration of agenda item 13, future role and method of work of the committee, pending the outcome of consultations on matters concerning Unispace IV. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item 14, Space exploration and innovation. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia. You have the floor.

Mr.

Chair, space exploration is one of humanity's most ambitious and inspiring pursuits. Essential for deepening our understanding of what lies beyond our planet. For the Kingdom, the move towards space is part of Vision 2030, which aims to build a knowledge-based economy that promotes innovation, creativity, entrepreneurship. Space exploration contributes to realizing this vision through the Kingdom's national space programs, which focus on developing technologies and scientific research, enhancing international cooperation, and inspiring a new generation of Saudi youth to engage in science and engineering, shaping a future driven by innovation and economic prosperity. In 2023, the Kingdom strengthened its presence in space exploration by carrying out a historic crewed Saudi mission to space. This mission included Rayyanah Barnawi, the first Arab Muslim female astronaut, alongside astronaut Ali Al-Qarni on a journey to the ISS.

ISS.

During this mission, the crew conducted 14 scientific experiments resulting in peer-reviewed publications and a registered patent. As part of its educational empowerment efforts, the Kingdom launched the MADC Space Competition aimed at increasing youth participation in space research and fostering early scientific creativity.

The initiative attracted wide engagement across the Arab world with over 80,000 submissions from 22 Arab countries.

Mr.

Chair, today we are pleased to highlight a leading national initiative, the Biogravity Program, launched by the Saudi Space Agency to position the Kingdom as a leader in space-based biomedical research. The program supports microgravity research, drives innovation, and enables the commercialization of medical solutions through the space sector. The program is structured around 4 key tracks: the Community of Practice, COP, to promote collaboration and knowledge exchange among researchers; the Astronaut Researchers Program, designed to integrate Saudi academic institutions into space-based research and train the next generation of space bioscientists; the Biotech from Bench to Space track, which supports biotech companies in advancing the space readiness level; and of their technologies. The biodiverse— the biogravity research hub, which aims to establish a national advanced laboratory for research and development in this vital field. At its core, the biological gravity program is committed to localizing scientific innovation and developing space-based healthcare solutions while strengthening partnerships between research and industry sectors. It reinforces the peaceful use of outer space in support of the SDGs. In line with the principles of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and UN General Assembly Resolution 77/120, the Biogravity Initiative expresses its warm welcome to international cooperation in future space exploration programs. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia for the statement. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Luxembourg to take the floor.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates and observers, Luxembourg strives to ensure the following: that its space resource activities serve a peaceful purpose, that they promote sustainable utilization of resources, that they are compatible with international law, and that they are Our space strategy provides support for advanced research activities and for technological capacity building to enhance the sustainable utilization and exploration of outer space. With this in mind, Luxembourg continues to support the European Space Resources Innovation Centre, known as ESRIC. This centre is dedicated to advancing research and innovation in the utilization of space resources.

Thank you.

At present, ESRIC is carrying out various research programmes in cooperation with public and private entities so as to develop sustainable and responsible solutions for space exploration. As part of its close cooperation with the ESA, ESRIC will host a dusty thermal vacuum chamber by 2026. This chamber will be capable of testing subsystem components under high vacuum conditions, under extreme temperatures, and in the presence of lunar dust. ESRIC is also a member of the International Campaign for Lunar Resource Prospection. This campaign seeks to bring together various actors to initiate discussions on the conduct of lunar resource-related activities. Moreover, ESRIC offers the world's only support programme for start— startups in the area of space resources. And it is open to startups from across the whole globe. Chair, Luxembourg was involved in the M2 mission launched on 15 January 2025 by the Japanese iSpace company. The authorisation issued to the Luxembourgish branch of the Japanese company to operate the micro-rover named Tenacious was the first of its kind issued under the 2017 National Law on Space Research. Resources. Moreover, this is the first authorisation issued in Europe permitting the utilisation of space resources. Consequently, though the mission was not brought to completion, this authorisation marks in itself a historic step. This mission also demonstrated the considerable work carried out by the iSpace teams, as well as Luxembourg's ability to provide sophisticated space components such as Tenacious which were— have been completely designed and constructed in the Grand Duchy. The multilateral process of the Artemis Accords, which we joined in October 2020, aligns perfectly with Luxembourg's efforts to support the peaceful exploration and sustainable utilization of outer space, in particular where it concerns space resources for the benefit of humankind in its entirety, in full observance of the Outer Space Treaty. Beyond the exploration— exploitation of space resources, generally speaking, all space activities must be conducted for the benefit of humankind. In this regard, Luxembourg continues to leverage space technologies and applications which are innovative as part of its development cooperation activities and humanitarian action, in particular in the management of humanitarian crises and natural disasters. There are several flagship initiatives such as the emergency.lu platform, which was designed to re-establish communications by making satellite services available to humanitarian organizations and for the benefit of communities affected by humanitarian emergencies or environmental disasters. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Luxembourg for the statement. Distinguished delegates, we have finished consideration of agenda item 14, Space Exploration and Innovation. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item 15, Space 2030 Agenda. I would also like to remind delegations that on Friday, the Secretariat made available a conference Room Paper 17, entitled Midterm Review of the Space 2030 Agenda: Space as a Driver of Sustainable Development.

Submission by Member States and Permanent Observer Organizations, note by the Secretariat.

The submissions were based on a questionnaire and templates that were circulated in December last year by UNOOSA to facilitate the submission of reports for the Space 2030 Midterm Review. As indicated in the conference room paper, there have been 23 submissions by member states and 5 submissions by the permanent observer organizations received to date. I would also like to inform delegations that the submissions received by the Office have also been made available on the dedicated Space 2030 webpage at unusa.org. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to open the floor for statements under this agenda item 15, um, under this agenda item that have so far contained further comprehensive information on the midterm review. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of South Africa. You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

I invite the distinguished delegate from South Africa to take the floor.

Chairperson and distinguished delegates, the UNISPACE+50 process laid the groundwork for the Space 2030 Agenda, which serves as a roadmap for leveraging space activities to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. South Africa was amongst member states in celebrating UNISPACE+50 in 2018, and since then been taking action to strengthen global cooperation in the exploration and uses of outer space, maximizing its contribution to sustainable development. The resulting Space 2030 Agenda builds upon this foundation, providing a comprehensive strategy for integrating space-based solutions into various aspects of sustainable development. As part of the objectives outlined under Unispace+50, South Africa is actively advancing the use of space-derived data for sustainable development. Despite setbacks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the country has made significant strides in applying space-based tools, including at the height of the pandemic when geospatial data was used to identify densely populated communities near retail outlets to support support food distribution and reduce hunger. Chairperson, in line with the spirit of international cooperation promoted by UNISPACE+50, South Africa is also deepening partnerships with other African nations and rest of the world in Europe, Americas, and Asia, and strengthen multilateral cooperation within the BRICS framework to promote data sharing joint missions and peaceful use of outer space. As the current chair of G20, South Africa is also advancing discussions on the role of space in sustainable development and infrastructure, with an emphasis on bridging the Global North and South and enabling Africa's voice in global space governance. As mentioned in previous interventions, South Africa is making inroads and implementing its SIH investment through a number of projects such as the upgrading assembly integration and testing facility, and taking broad strides in space operation for telemetry tracking and command functions for global missions to reindustrialize, innovate, and building infrastructure for our economy. Furthermore, through the Decadal Plan for Science, Technology, and Innovation, South Africa has identified space science and Earth observation as key priorities to unlock socioeconomic value, attract investment, and foster technology-intensive job creation. Chairperson, South Africa entities— South African entities form partnerships to enhance easy access of space-based data. In this regard, amongst many other operational partnerships with a host of agencies, the South African National Space Agency with its strategic partner, South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, recently launched a data version of Digital Earth South Africa Data Cube platform, which contains high-resolution imagery for South Africa in analysis-ready data format conforming to the highest industry standards. For geometric and radiometric accuracy as well as atmospheric correction. Space 2030 agenda provides a vital global framework, but its success depends on implementation at national and regional levels. South Africa is truly committed to advancing this agenda, ensuring that the benefits of space are shared equitably, responsibly, and sustainably, leaving no one behind. Thank you, Chairperson.

I thank the distinguished representative of South Africa for her statement, and I now invite the distinguished delegate of the Philippines to take the floor.

Thank you, Chair. The Philippines firmly believes in the crucial role of space tools in attaining the Global Development Agenda. And is committed to achieve the Space 2030 Agenda as a driver for sustainable development. The Philippines continues to contribute to the Space 2030 Agenda through national initiatives, including capacity building in space data utilization, educational opportunities in space science and technology applications, use of remote sensing for agriculture and climate resilience, and international cooperation to advance space activities. The Philippines would also like to report its contribution to the existing international and regional mechanisms, programs, projects, and platforms to implement the said agenda. To date, we have continued to work with members of the Space for Climate Observatory in utilizing SSTA for climate action and disaster risk reduction and management, particularly through our accredited projects under SCO. We were able to contribute to SDG 3, Zero Hunger, SDG 11, Sustainable Cities and Communities, and SDG 13, Climate Action. These accredited projects include the Drought Early Warning in the Philippines, the Project NOAH, or the Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards, and the National Copernicus Capacity Support Action Program between the Philippines and the EU. In April 2024, the Philippines, in collaboration with UNOSA, jointly organized a workshop on the applications of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems, or the GNSS, to strengthen national capacities and promote knowledge exchange in GNSS technologies. In February of this year, a workshop titled Land Cover and Land Use Changes in Southeast Asia: Regional Environmental Impacts and Synthesis was held in Iloilo City, the Philippines, in collaboration with NASA. Chair, the Philippines highlights the value gained from the space law for new space actors project, particularly the successful technical advisory mission held in Manila in November last year. We express our sincere appreciation to UNOSA and the Government of Japan and underscore the importance of such initiatives in advancing the Space 2030 agenda. Overall, the Philippines reiterates its commitment in pursuing this agenda by further contributing to the 4 overarching objectives and implementation plan. we underscore the importance of international cooperation in this pursuit. We would like to advocate and call for continued inclusivity of these INOSA initiatives to all countries, regardless of their economic status and space capabilities. We also call for other member states, particularly those with major space capabilities, to conscientiously implement the Space 2030 Agenda. Thank you, Chair.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the Philippines for her statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished delegate from Austria.

Mr. President, Chair, distinguished delegates, Austria welcomes the progress made on the Space 2030 agenda, which we see as an important bridge between space policy and sustainable development. It seems essential to ensure that outer space remains a global common that is accessible and beneficial to all of humanity. Austria actively participated in the midterm review of Space 2030 agenda. In our report, we have highlighted the following key activities. The World Space Forum, initiated by USA in Austria in 2019, was conceived as a a platform to strengthen global partnership and dialogue around the use of space as a driver for sustainable development. Together, we have organized 4 forums, which the thematic— with the thematic focus of— on access to space for all, space for climate action, and sustainability in space on Earth. The last forum focused on space for Our Common Future and served as a preparatory event for the 2024 Summit of the Future. The Forum took place not only in Vienna but also in the UAE in 2020 and Germany in 2024. We welcome the strategic review UNUSA is undertaking regarding the Forum's format and future direction. Also welcomes the continuation and evolution of this important event. We believe that a rotating host model, especially one that includes developing countries as co-hosts, would strengthen its global relevance. Austria's commitment to inclusive and evidence-based development through space is also reflected in our longstanding cooperation between UNOOSA and UN-Austria Symposium Series. Over the past 3 decades, we have co-organized 30 symposia exploring space-based solutions to global challenges such as climate change. The 2024 symposium focused on how to make the transition from research to sustainable services based on local realities. Innovative projects must face the challenge of moving from technical feasibility to long-term impact. Our goal was to bridge this gap by bringing together different stakeholders to share experiences and explore feasible solutions. In conclusion, Austria remains strongly committed to promoting a comprehensive, action-oriented, and forward-looking dialogue on the peaceful and sustainable use of outer space. We believe that bringing together different actors, sharing knowledge, and learning from each other is essential for a common success. Thank you very much. Je remercie le distingué délégué.

I thank the distinguished representative of Austria for his statement, and I now give the floor to distinguished representative for the Republic of Korea.

The Republic of Korea recognizes the Space 2030 Agenda as a foundational framework that strategically outlines the role of space technologies in supporting internationally shared objectives, including the UN SDGs, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, and the Paris Climate Agreement. The agenda underscores the indispensable role of space utilization in enhancing human welfare, safety, and climate resilience. Since the adoption of the 2030 Agenda by the UN General Assembly in 2021, the Republic Republic of Korea has conducted a systematic review of its 36 specific goals in relation to our national space development policies and programs. Based on this alignment analysis, we have developed and implemented a range of policy and technological initiatives that reflect our firm commitment to the agenda's objectives. The Republic of Korea fully supports the 2025 midterm review of the Space 2030 Agenda and has submitted a comprehensive national report which outlines the key contributions. First, in a response to the agenda's 4 overarching objectives, the Republic of Korea has provided concrete examples of our contributions, including the provision of satellite data for disaster response, the development of a GNSS-based navigation system, efforts to promote women's participation in the space sector, and technological advancement to enhance the sustainability of outer space environment. These efforts demonstrate how space technologies are integral to achieving the SDGs. Second, with respect to the capacity building needs assessment, the Republic of Korea has emphasized the urgency of addressing the rapid expansion of space activities, particularly in the areas of space debris mitigation, collision avoidance, and the establishment of shared situational awareness systems. We have underscored the importance of strengthening international cooperation through technology transfer, professional exchange program, and joint monitoring mechanisms. Third, in terms of implementation of the agenda, the Republic of Korea has highlighted participation in several institutional initiatives, including the expansion of GNSS cooperation through the UNICG and the development of the Korea Positioning System, contributions to global disaster response via participation in the International Charter, and promotion of gender equality in the space sector through the Space for Women Initiative in collaboration with UNOOSA. These examples reflect the Republic of Korea's active and responsible engagement in realizing the vision and objectives of the Space 2030 Agenda. They also reaffirm our deep commitments to international solidarity and continued cooperation with the global community. The Republic of Korea remains fully committed to contributing to the agenda's implementation and the final review process. And to sharing our experiences and expanding our practical contributions in pursuit of a shared and sustainable future for all. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea for her statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Italy.

Honorable Chair, distinguished delegates, Italy stands firmly committed to the Space 2030 Agenda's vision of space as a driver for sustainable development and global cooperation. Our comprehensive approach demonstrates how space technologies can address humanity's most pressing challenges while fostering inclusive growth. Italy has built a thriving space ecosystem that spans from early space— early-stage entrepreneurship to advanced manufacturing. Our national aerospace incubator network supports promising startups while we launch new programs to revolutionize satellite production through automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence. We are initiating in-orbit servicing capabilities that will transform satellite operations, enabling maintenance, refueling, and life extension in space. This paradigm shift towards sustainable space infrastructure reflects our commitment to responsible space utilization. Moreover, the recent adopted National Space Law is grounded on measures that sustained space economy and is committed to the growth of startups and small and medium enterprises. In terms of unlocking the potential of space for society at large, Italy's Earth observation capabilities serve as a critical role for environmental monitoring and climate action. Our Irida constellation will provide unprecedented insights into environmental changes, supporting disaster management and infrastructure oversight across Europe and beyond. Through hyperspectral imaging and advanced multi-sensor technologies, we are enhancing scientific understanding of atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine systems. These missions provide actionable data for climate modeling, biodiversity monitoring, and sustainable resource management. Italy champions space— champions space diplomacy as a bridge between nations and regions. Through the Mattei Plan for Africa, we're fostering equal partnerships that leverage space technology for development priorities, including education, agriculture, and infrastructure. Our engagement with Latin American partners and our cooperation with ASEAN nations demonstrate Italy's commitment to inclusive space development. Italy's participation in the Artemis program, including groundbreaking research and manufacturing for lunar habitat modules, exemplifies how international collaboration can achieve ambitious exploration goals. while advancing peaceful cooperation. We are progressing space situational awareness through our FlyEye telescope network and debris tracking capabilities through a dedicated space debris laser ranging station at Italian Space Agency Space Geodesy Center in Matera. Moreover, Italy is contributing to planetary defense missions to advance our common understanding of asteroid composition and behavior. As we look towards the Moon, Mars, and beyond, Italy remains committed to ensuring that space benefits reach all corners of our planet. We believe that space must serve as a catalyst for global cooperation, scientific advancement, and sustainable development. Italy thanks UNOSA for the coordination of this significant endeavor for the benefit of all nations and looks forward to the conclusion of the midterm review process, which will bring invaluable insights into the implementation of the agenda across the globe. I thank you for your attention. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Italy for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Norway.

Thank you, Chair. Chair, this year, a midterm review of the implementation of the Space 2030 Agenda is undertaken. Norway has submitted its report. Of the midterm review and can announce that our activities cover all 4 overarching objectives, as well as 7 of the SDGs. As a coastal state with jurisdiction over large ocean areas, Norway is particularly pleased that the Space 2030 agenda also aims to promote and strengthen the use of outer space for sustainable ocean economy. We are constantly looking into how space-based solutions can contribute to this initiative. Objective.

I'm sorry.

We are also pleased to announce that Norway signed the Declaration of Interest for Space for Ocean Alliance at the UN Ocean Conference in Nice this month. Countering the effects of climate change and promoting the sustainability of outer space activities are among our priorities. Satellites play a crucial role by providing data that can be used to measure the effects of climate change over time. Norway is a participating state in Copernicus, the European Union's Earth observation program. Copernicus is enabling us to monitor the environment and effects of climate change in remote, vast ocean areas and the Arctic. Polar regions are particularly vulnerable to climate change, and it is of global importance to document, understand, and prevent negative effects in these regions. The Space 23rd Agenda contributes to aligning space policies with the Sustainable Development Goals, and implementation of the agenda is of high priority for Norway. We will continue to consider ways of contributing to the agenda, fulfilling its objectives, and report to the committee accordingly.

Thank you, Chair.

Norway for that statement. And I now give the floor to the distinguished delegate of Ecuador to take the floor.

Chair, distinguished delegates, the Space 2030 agenda is a real milestone in aligning space efforts with the SDGs. Ecuador has understood the importance of integrating the principles of this agenda in our national planning. In this framework and under international institutional coordination, we are promoting actions and public policies aimed at promoting equitable access to space, developing national capacities and international cooperation. This cross-cutting work has meant that various sectors such as academia, science, technical sectors, public, private, etc., are actively participating in appropriating the principles of the Space 2030 Agenda. Under this, we've received valuable feedback which has allowed us to refine our strategies for implementation and ensure that our space activities are geared towards social well-being, sustainable development, and environmental protection. all in alignment with the UN's multilateral vision. Ecuador would like to reiterate its commitment to the peaceful use of outer space and is currently taking the first steps in establishing a national space policy, which includes the creation of a modern legal framework to strengthen the sustainability of space activities. This initiative aims to guarantee equitable and sustainable access to outer space, promoting international cooperation and the development of clear policies for space exploration. We would like to reiterate our commitment to strengthening national space governance and regional space governance, recognizing that building capacities among developing countries is essential for effective and equitable participation. participation in the international space community. Finally, Chair, Ecuador would like to reiterate our will to continue actively participating in this forum, working in a spirit of cooperation, sustainability, and peace, seeking joint solutions that benefit the whole of humanity. Thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Ecuador for his statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished delegation of the Russian Federation.

Distinguished Chair, the Russian Federation is one of the leaders in the export exploration and utilization of outer space for peaceful purposes. Russia possesses the experience and best practices enabling our effective contribution to the efforts of the international community to implement the Space 2030 Agenda. Notably, we have prepared and presented to COPUOS the draft resolution entitled Space Science and Technology for Promoting Peace. As well as the working paper entitled UN Information Platform as a Larger Configuration of Competencies in the Domain of Sharing Information on Objects and Events in Outer Space. What sets these proposals apart is that they are geared towards the comprehensive attainment of all 4 of the overarching objectives of the Space 2030 agenda. The international initiatives proposed by the Russian Federation Overarching objectives are implemented to maximum effect, and we stand ready to engage in broad international cooperation with all constructively oriented parties. At the same time, we are concerned about the low performance in implementation of the Space 2030 agenda, as indicated in the midterm review. We are sure that this state of affairs does not serve the interests of the majority of states, primarily developing states. We think it necessary to undertake further efforts to secure the success of this process. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the Russian Federation for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Peru.

Thank you, Chair. Since 2016, Peru has been operating a sub-metric resolution Earth observation satellite called Perusat-1, providing satellite images that are free for national users. This initiative aims to provide data and tools that help with decision-making in various sectors in the country. Currently, with a growing number of Earth observation platforms being launched every year, we are seeing a trend towards greater accessibility to free data or very low-cost data. In this new context, users now have the challenge of discriminating among and processing ever greater volumes of information to transform these into useful and applicable knowledge for their needs. And so, and in line with Goal 3.2, 5 of the Space 2030 Agenda, our space agency will soon launch a geo-information platform that will centralize Earth observation data from various sources. This platform will offer cloud processing tools, eliminating the technological barriers that currently limit access for many potential users in the country. With this, we hope to encourage broader use of geotechnology for comprehensive territory management. Moreover, in line with General Goal 3 of the Agenda, Peru would like to highlight significant progress made in studies looking at developing a spaceport in our country using our special geographical conditions. We also believe it is essential that states with greater capacity and experience in the sphere of space actively contribute to development and capacity-building programmes promoted by UNOSA, as well as international activities that promote training and capacity-building opportunities for developing countries. Recently, Peru responded to a UNOOSA request for information in the framework of the midterm review of the Space 2030 Agenda. In this document, we outlined our national effort as it aligns with this agenda, highlighting projects, solutions, events, and initiatives that contribute to the achievement of the SDGs. We hope that we will continue and strengthen this Finally, Peru would like to highlight the value of mechanisms and tools implemented by UNHCR, which have supported both our countries and many other nations as well. We therefore believe it is essential that this UN office has the resources it needs to maintain and broaden these services for the benefit of a growing number of young people.

Thank you.

users.

Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Peru for that statement, and I now give the floor to Bahrain.

Thank you, Chair.

The Kingdom of Bahrain welcomes the midterm review of the Space 2030 Agenda and commends the efforts of the Office for Outer Space Affairs in advancing this important process. Bahrain has already submitted its national input to the review and remains fully committed to the shared vision outlined in the Space 2030 Agenda. We believe this framework is essential to strengthening the role of space as a driver for sustainable development, international cooperation, and the peaceful uses of outer space. We take this opportunity to invite and to encourage member states and observer organizations with the committee to submit reports on the implementation of Space 2030 Agenda and to extend the midterm review so that the the Committee can have more information for consideration at its next session and could identify actions, tools, and partnerships that promote the use of space solutions as a driver of sustainable development, as well as existing gaps and needs for further capacity building, in particular for developing countries. Broad participation ensures that the review reflects the diverse realities, priorities, and challenges of the global space community. It also strengthens the collective ownership of this agenda and supports evidence-based progress monitoring. Chair, transparency and inclusivity are key to the success of the Space 2030 agenda. In a rapidly evolving space environment, it is more important than ever that we maintain open dialogue, share information on national efforts, and align our actions with the principles of equity and accountability. This helps strength among space actors and ensures that the benefits of space activities are shared broadly and sustainably. Bahrain remains committed to supporting the full implementation of the Space 2030 Agenda in the years ahead and to working with all member states to ensure that space continues to serve as a platform for global cooperation and development. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Bahrain. for this statement. I now invite the distinguished representative of Nigeria to take the floor.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair.

I am delighted to inform you that the National Space Research and Development Agency is actively involved in the Space 2030 Agenda program through space diplomacy in various partnership and collaborations. The agency is currently hosting the UN-SPIDER Regional Support Office in Nigeria. The office has supported flood mitigation efforts in Nigeria, particularly the recent flood incidents in Mokwa, Niger State, Nigeria. Within the framework of crop mapping for precision agriculture, the agency is involved in the staple crop mapping field data campaign program called NASA Harvest. This is a multi-institutional collaboration between NASDA, the Space Agency, the Institute for Tropical Agriculture, University of Ibadan, University of Delaware, University of Maryland, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA. The Space Agency has developed the Nigerian CropWatch innovative platform for effective crop monitoring program. This is in partnership with the Aerospace Information Research Institute and Chinese Academy of Science. This project explores the potential of Earth observation crop monitoring to promote better decision support system that enhance food security and foster sustainable development. Mr. Chairman, Distinguished delegates, NASA is actively monitoring the Lake Chad Basin for trends in total land productivity. Lake Chad is very important to us because it presents a classical intersect between environmental degradation and regional conflict. Furthermore, in a bid to provide solutions to herders' farmers' crisis, NASA conducted a land suitability data analysis for header settlement development under the Nomads Resettlement Scheme in Jigawa and Niger States of Nigeria. Mr. Chairman, distinguished delegates, over the years, the impact of earthquake has caused severe devastation globally, culminating in the loss of lives and properties. As a result, an integrated earthquake monitoring has been set up in Nigeria. This is made up of 22 monitoring stations comprising of 15 seismic monitoring stations and 7 GNSS monitoring stations. I thank you.

Je vous remercie.

I thank the distinguished representative of Nigeria for the statement. Distinguished delegates, Now we will move on to statements by observers of the committee. I thus invite the distinguished representative of Space Renaissance International to take the floor.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, for inviting me. Space Renaissance International aims to enhance the activities of UNOOSA and corpus, bringing them to the public awareness and the general audience. For such scope, we formulate several initiatives. Number one, SRI is firmly opposed to the budget cuts imposed to UNUSA. At this important juncture, UNUSA needs more funding, not less. Second, Space Renaissance International has prepared a critical review of the UN Space 2030 Agenda, presenting 39 proposals for amendments to the initial text approved by UN General Assembly 76 on 25th October 2021, Resolution 76/3. Our document was delivered to UNUSA and should be available online. As a general consideration, space is only conceived of by the UN as a tool to support sustainability on Earth's surface, without mention of outer space as a fully sustainable area. Of possible expansion and development for human civilization, the fundamental contribution provided by space settlement to solving the social and economic issues facing mankind is thereby dismissed. This is a relevant limitation, as in 2021, reusable rockets were developed and space had since begun to lead our significant prospects for the global economy. Our proposed key amendment identifying social, economic, and environmental concerns as primary criteria in reshaping the space Agenda is to add an overarching objective number 5 for civilian space development, space settlement, and space industrialization as factors of sustainable development. Several other amendments to the text were also submitted. We also note that the agenda is much delayed with respect to the activities of the COPUOS subcommittees who have been working for several years on the theme of space resource utilization given the— given the incoming Cislunar Economy. Number 3, Additionally, Space Renaissance International proposes a powerful and symbolic act that will affirm the mutual commitment of all mankind to the principle of human betterment: the planting of a United Nations flag on the Moon by any state parties alongside any national flag. This gesture fully represents our global commitment to harmonious interchange as we explore the unknown reaches. The tradition of collaboration and friendship in space dates from Apollo-Soyuz rendezvous to the Mir and the notable ISS communities. Number 4, since the year 2023, SRI Coalition, now 114 partners worldwide, proposes the addition of an 18th SDG focused on the features of civilian space development. I thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished observer for Space Renaissance International for the statement. The next speaker on my list is the distinguished observer for the Outer Space

Thank you, Chair.

The Outer Space Institute's work supports the Space 2030 Agenda that aims to utilize space activities and tools in achieving the 2050 UN Sustainable Development Goals. Space 2030 Agenda's overarching Objective 4 is space diplomacy, and OSI fully supports promoting its implementation, including by developing responses to emerging issues.

One emerging challenge is ensuring human safety as the number and diversity of space activities and actors increase.

At some point, human beings who could well be non-state astronauts or tourists will find themselves in distress in Earth orbit, on around the Moon, or further into deep space. The OSI recommends a broad interpretation of the relevant treaty provisions on the duty to assist persons in distress.

This duty is set out in the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. The opening sentence of Article 5 reads, States Parties to the Treaty shall regard astronauts as envoys of humankind in outer space and shall render to them all possible assistance in the event of accident, distress, or emergency landing on the territory of another State Party or on the high seas. It goes on to state that astronauts carrying out activities in space and on celestial bodies shall render all possible assistance to the astronauts of other state parties.

The importance attached to assisting persons in distress is demonstrated by the swift negotiation of the 1968 Rescue Agreement.

Its preamble shows that the negotiators were prompted by sentiments of humanity, while Article 3 of the Rescue Agreement elaborates on Article 5 of the Convention.

Thank you.

of the Outer Space Treaty, including by changing the reference to astronauts to personnel of a spacecraft and clarifying that the duty to assist applies in any place not under the jurisdiction of any state.

Many experts have interpreted these provisions as applying everywhere in space and with regard to all human beings in distress, including non-state astronauts as well as space tourists.

Support for a broad interpretation that covers all human beings in distress is found in numerous treaties concerning the sea and airspace. For example, the 1914 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea and the 1944 Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. The OSI therefore encourages member states of COPUAS to discuss this matter and declare that the duty to assist persons in distress applies everywhere in space and with regards to all human beings. Finally, we note with sadness the recent passing of Marc Garneau, who was Canada's first astronaut and later its Foreign Minister. He believed passionately in the importance of constructive global dialogue and of COPU's role in leading humanity's exploration of the final frontier. Thank you for your attention.

I thank the distinguished observer Thank you, Mr. President, for the Outer Space Institute for the statement. Distinguished delegates, we have now completed the list of speakers under this agenda item. Before concluding item 15 on Space 2030 agenda and in view of the limited number of submissions received thus far from member states and observer organizations, as well as in view of hearing from the room on the importance of the midterm review of the Space 2030 agenda, in particular for developing countries. I would like to put for consideration of this committee that the timeline for submitting reports on midterm review of the Space 2030 Agenda be extended until the end of 2025. Such further submissions from member states and permanent observer organizations could identify further actions, tools, and partnerships that promote the use of space solutions as a driver of sustainable development. As well as existing gaps and needs for further capacity building, in particular for developing countries, and could be submitted for consideration by the Committee at its next session. Distinguished delegates, do I take it that the Committee recommends that the timeline for submitting reports on the midterm review of the Space 2030 agenda be extended until the end of 2025, and to request the Secretariat to continue to invite member states and observer organizations with the committee to submit reports on the implementation of Space 2030 agenda For consideration by the committee at its 69th session in 2026. I see no objection. It is so decided. We have now concluded our consideration of agenda item 15, Space 2030 Agenda. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to begin our consideration of agenda item 16, other matters. Before doing so, it is now my intention to bring up the following points for consideration. 1, composition of the bureaus of the committee and its subsidiary bodies for the period 2026 to 2027. Membership of the Committee. Permanent observer status with the Committee. Programme plan and performance of UNOOSA. Agenda of the Committee for its 69th session in 2026. Any other matters. Distinguished delegates, delegations may recall that in accordance with the measures relating to the future composition of the bureaus of the committee and its subsidiary bodies, the established rotation scheme stipulates that the nominations by the regional groups for 2026 to 2027 should be made as follows. The chair of the Committee, from Western European and other states. The first vice president of the committee, Eastern European states. The second vice chair or rapporteur of the committee, African states.

Thank you.

The chair of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, Asia-Pacific states. The chair of the Legal Subcommittee, Latin American and Caribbean states. Distinguished delegates, in 2024, the committee that noted that the Western European and other states endorsed the candidature of Mr. Teodoro Valente of Italy for the office of Chair of the Committee for the period 2026 to 2027, as reflected in CRP 13, which the COPUOS was presented with at its 67th session. Moreover, I would like to note that the European states in 2020— Eastern European states in 2024 endorsed the candidature of Ms. Melita Župevč of Slovenia for the office of First Chair of the Committee for the period 2026 to 2027. The Asia-Pacific states endorsed the candidatures of Mr. Pakorn Apaphant of Thailand and Mr. Jakub Al-Qassab of Bahrain for the office of chair of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee for 2026 and 2027 respectively. These nominations have been taken note of. For the post of the chair of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee for 2026 and 2027 in paragraph 46 in Resolution 87 of the UN General Assembly, and also in the documents provided by COPUOS In 2024. Now, on membership of the committee. Distinguished delegates, I would like to note that the. States of Latin America and the Caribbean endorse the candidature of Mr. Pablo Adrián Arocha Olabuenaga of Mexico and Mr. Nathanael Pineda Rodriguez of Panama for the office of Chair of the Legal Subcommittee for 2026 and 2027 respectively, as presented in the conference room paper CRP2, that is A/AC105/2025/CRP2, which was presented to COPUS at its 68th session. With regard to the nomination for the 2nd vice chair or reporter of the committee, I would like to encourage the group of African states to present their candidatures as soon as possible. Distinguished delegates, I would now like to open the floor to see if there is any update with regards to the nominations. I see no Distinguished delegates, with regards to the bureaus for the following biennium, namely 2028 to 2029, I would like to remind delegations that agreement on the composition of that bureau should be reached at the 69th session of the committee next year. Thank you, Mr. President. The established rotation scheme stipulated that the nominations by the regional groups for 2028 and 2029 should be made as follows: Chair of the Committee, Latin America and Caribbean States. First Vice Chair of the Committee, Asia-Pacific States. Second Vice Chair, Reporter of the Committee, Western European and other states. Chair of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, African states. And Chair of the Legal Subcommittee, Eastern European states. Now, on membership of the committee, distinguished delegates, we have before us the applications for membership in the committee from Côte d'Ivoire, contained in CRP 8, Gambia— The Gambia as contained in CRP 4, Honduras as contained in CRP 6, Maldives as contained in CRP 32, Malta in CRP 7, Myanmar in CRP 3 and CRP 19, and Zimbabwe in CRP 5. I would now like to give the floor to the Secretariat to provide further information on the 2 communications received from Myanmar.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Distinguished delegates, with regard to the request from Myanmar, the Secretariat would like to inform the Committee that 2 communications representing Myanmar have been received in relation to the membership of the Committee. The first communication was dated August 6th, 2024, from the Permanent Mission of Myanmar to the United Nations in Vienna. Requesting to become a state member of the committee. This communication is contained in CRP 3. The second communication, dated June 16th, 2025, is from the Permanent Mission of Myanmar to the United Nations in New York, stating that they are not ready for membership Of the committee, this communication is contained in CLP 19. Please allow me to inform the committee that the two communications contain contradicting information. Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

Je remercie le secrétaire.

I thank the Secretariat for the information provided. Distinguished delegates, I would like to open the floor to see if there are any comments on this matter. The distinguished representative of the Russian Federation, you have the floor.

Thank you very much, Chair, for giving the floor to my delegation. We're very grateful to you for the information provided regarding membership applications, including from Myanmar. We'd like to inform you, distinguished Chair and colleagues in the committee, that at present consultations are underway on this matter. And we hope that we will manage to develop a suitable decision. We will need a little bit more time. Thank you very much, Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation for this statement. Distinguished delegates, Let us now come back to the applications for membership in the committee this afternoon. Distinguished delegates.

Distinguished delegates.

Now we have the issue of the permanent observer status with the committee. We have the application before us for permanent observer status with the committee from Aero AI Global Solutions in CRP 12, Alliance for Collaboration in the Exploration of Space, CRP 10, the African Space Agency in CRP 24, The International Council on Monuments and Sites, ICOMOS, in CRP 9, Lunar Policy Platform Foundation, the LPP Foundation, in CRP 11, and Women in Aerospace Europe, as contained in CRP 13. In accordance with the agreement reached by the committee, At its 53rd session in 2010, observer status is granted to non-governmental organizations on a provisional basis for a period of 3 years pending information on the status of their application for consultative status with the Economic and Social Council. Unless I hear any objections, do I take it that the committee decides to grant observer Observer status with the committee to those organizations. I see no objections. It is so decided. Program plan and performance of UNUSA. Distinguished delegates, due to the limited time available, we will consider this matter, namely the program plan and performance of UNUSA, this afternoon. Agenda of the committee for its 69th session in 2026. Distinguished delegates, With regard to the next year's agenda, do I take it that the agenda for 2026 is agreed upon with no changes to this year's agenda, with the exception of inserting an item on election of officers? I see no objection. It is so decided. Distinguished delegates, I wish to inform delegations that our sessions in 2026 are scheduled as follows. The Scientific and Technical Subcommittee from 2 to 13 February 2026. The Legal Subcommittee from 13 to 24 April 2026. Thank you. From 8 to 19 June 2026. Now turning to any other matters.

I give the floor to the distinguished delegate of the Russian Federation.

Thank you very much, esteemed Chair, for giving me the floor. Chair, you just informed us that the next session of the committee is planned to be held from 8th to 19th June. Could you please provide more clarification on these dates? Because as part of the SRA Working Group, we're discussing the opportunity Of holding jointly with the IAEA a conference, which would be organized a day before the work of the committee begins. And as far as we understand, the eighth of June is a Monday, and therefore organizing a conference on Sunday would be quite problematic. Therefore, could you provide more clarification regarding the dates for the holding of the committee next year?

Thank you.

Je remercie le distingué.

I thank the distinguished delegate of the Russian Federation for that statement, and I will give the floor to the Secretariat for further information.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair, and I appreciate the question that the distinguished delegation of the Russian Federation posed. In fact, I have to admit that there was a typo and there was a mistake with the Beginning date of the session for the 2026 for the Main Committee, Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. I apologize for that. It should have been from 10th to the 19th, June 2026, and I apologize for the mistake in your briefing notes. Thank you.

Distinguished delegates, we've received a request to make a statement from Paraguay under the item Other Matters.

You have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Chair, we would like to share some concrete activities and initiatives that reflect our country's commitment to scientific outreach and promoting talent in the space sector. In the framework of our National Space Policy, which has been in force since 2019, the Paraguay Space Agency has used institutional resources and has been supported by the Ministry of ICT to implement a weekly TV program called Space TV, produced by professionals from the Paraguay Space Agency and broadcast through a public TV channel in Paraguay. This space is the fruit of work of a multidisciplinary team of public servants that do all stages of production— research, creating guides, editing, etc.— which reflects the capacity that we have within our scientific and audiovisual community. Space TV has become an innovative outreach tool which tells citizens about advances in the space sector, promoting equitable access to information generated and interest among society in space science. Along with this initiative, we have ongoing campaigns for awareness-raising and training through workshops, seminars, and joint activities with academic and scientific institutions in the country. The Paraguay Space Agency actively participates in the— in World Space Week and in international fora, strengthening Paraguay's presence in decision-making platforms on a global level. These activities go alongside internship programmes at universities and professional volunteering, which allow talented young people to get involved in real projects in geospatial data analysis, space engineering, space law and policies, thereby contributing to developing technical and scientific national capacity. Similarly, we are contributing as an associate agency with the NASA Space Apps Challenge in the 5th— for the 5th consecutive year with another 13 space agencies. This hackathon is the biggest in the world with over 90,000 participants from 400 cities across the world. We're part of the GEO Executive Committee, co-chairs of the Americas region, and we lead the Committee of Emerging Countries in the International Astronautics Federation. Paraguay would like to reiterate its commitment to training and national capacity building, educational inclusion, and promoting science as pillars for sustainable and inclusive space development in harmony with our principles for international cooperation and equitable access to outer space. Thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished delegate of Paraguay for that statement. Distinguished delegates, we will continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item 16 this afternoon. Distinguished delegates. As agreed at the opening of the session, taking maximum advantage of the interpretation time available, I would now like to consider our consideration of agenda item 4, general exchange of views, to hear statements by observers. I thank the observers for their kind understanding and their will to proceed in this constructive and cooperative manner. I now turn to the list of speakers of Agenda Item 4, General Exchange of Views. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished observer from the Moon Village Association. You have the floor.

Mr.

Chair, distinguished delegate, It is an honor for the Moon Village Association as an observer member to address this session of the COPOS. As the MVA delegation takes the floor for the first time, we would like to congratulate you for the appointment as chair of COPOS. Under your wise leadership, important results will be achieved in 2025, and this session will reach fruitful results. My delegation would also like to extend the gratitude to the director of UNOSA, Dr. Harti Holamaini and her team for the excellent operation of this meeting. Mr. Chair, MVA has carried out many activities since last Corpus, and I will summarize just a few of them, while more can be found in the AAC 105/2025 CRP 18 and on the MVA website. The 3rd International Moon Day took place in July 2024 with the involvement of more than 40 countries for global event. The main event took place on the 20th of July in Harbin, China. This was hosted by the Harbin Institute of Technology and the Chinese Society of Astronautics. Detail of the event can be found on the annual report available on the IMD website. The International Moon Day 2025 is themed One Moon, One Vision, and One Future. This reflects the united ambition of humanity to explore, innovate, and create a sustainable future together. We cordially invite all members and observers of COPOS to participate in this important event by submitting proposals for global events. Event registration, sponsorship opportunities, and other relevant information can be found on the IMD website. The main event is set to take place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in July 2025, in cooperation with the University of Dubai. This event will bring together world experts to foster cooperation in the lunar exploration and utilization and will be live broadcasted on the IMD website. Mr. Chair, in 2024, the 8th Moon Village Workshop and Symposium was successfully held in Luxembourg, hosted by the Luxembourg Space Agency. This event attracted participants from 150 individuals and from all over the countries. In 2025, the 9th Global Moon Village Workshop and Symposium is scheduled to be held in Turin, Italy on December 3rd and 4th. This event will be hosted by the Italian Association of Aeronautics and Astronautics. The Moon Village Association has recently issued a sponsorship opportunity brochure available on the MVA website where distinguished delegations, you can find how to be part of this unique platform that is the MVA. Thank you for your attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Moon Village Association for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished, distinguished observer from the Square Kilometer Array Observatory. You have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Distinguished delegates, I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Square Kilometer Array Observatory, SKAO, the international intergovernmental organization charged with with building and operating 2 of the world's largest radio telescopes. We congratulate you, Mr. Chair, on presiding over the 68th session of COPUS, and we warmly thank Ms. Holmeini and the entire UNOSA team for their steadfast support to our work. Astronomers view the universe as humanity's laboratory for fundamental discovery. Our work depends on access to quiet portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, yet we recognize that the rapid expansion of space activities brings unprecedented challenges to our instruments. The SKO welcomes the committee's decision to maintain a single agenda item on dark and quiet skies for science and society in the scientific and technical subcommittee until 2029, where constructive discussions already started this year. The SKO is also pleased to be a co-sponsor of the CRP28 on dark and quiet skies to this COPU session. Chair, at the STSC 62nd session, the SKAO submitted document CRP 13, which described the impact of unintentional electromagnetic radiation, so-called spacecraft leakage, on highly sensitive radio telescopes. The issue sits at the intersection of space operations, frequency management, and scientific research, and no international forum has yet produced guidelines that covers all 3 aspects. Therefore, we encourage the subcommittee and subsequently this committee to consider developing voluntary guidelines or best practice principles on dark and quiet skies which consider spacecraft radio leakage in consultation with ITU-R and other relevant stakeholders. Looking ahead, SKEO together with UNOSA will convene the UN SKEO workshop on Dark and Quiet Skies here in Vienna from 9th to 12th December 2025. The program is organized around 3 themes: science and society, industry engagement, and policy and regulation. It will provide a unique platform for member states, industry, scientists, and regulators to exchange the latest mitigation techniques and explore pathways towards long-term coexistence. We warmly invite all delegations to participate. Chair, SKAO remains committed to working with COPUOS and its subcommittees to ensure that exploration, utilization, and discovery advance in hand for the benefit of all humankind. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Square Kilometer Array Observatory for that statement. And I now invite the distinguished observer from the 3-country trusted broker to take the floor.

Thank you, Chair, esteemed delegates, and Secretariat. For 3 years, TCTB, an international NGO dedicated to overcoming the global challenge of orbital debris, has been honored to stand among you and share our vision for cooperative remediation of the most dangerous objects in space, massive derelicts. Collisions among these large, uncontrolled upper stages and defunct satellites are imminent, and the risk is increasing every day. Today, I rise alongside my brothers, Valentin Uvarov in Russia and Guiyu Wang in China, to invite delegations to establish a working group of concerned member states to meet this challenge. to plan for and then conduct a pilot mission to remediate one or more of these dangerous objects. To explain our proposal in detail, we invite you to attend a side meeting on Monday, June 30th, where we will outline the framework of a working group designed to meet and overcome the challenge. We will also outline several alternatives to a working group structure for your consideration. We're available throughout this session of UN COPUUS and afterwards at any time and place to discuss any aspect of our proposal or to answer questions about it. A one-page handout summarizing the proposal, including our contact information, is available from me upon request. Whatever your views may be about TCTB and our potential role in helping to meet this challenge, and whatever you think about the particular path we will lay before you, as sovereign governments, you have an obligation to meet the challenge of massive derelicts for the sake of humanity's future in space and on Earth. A working group at UN-COPUUS is the best way to explore that, but it is up to you to design a remedy and then implement it. The path you are on now, to passively continue to study the problem while developing a few individual countries' solutions limited to your own debris, is not sustainable. The clock is ticking. The truth is, for massive derelicts, as with any shared problem, timely action is necessary to meet the threat, but cooperation is more important than leadership. We urge you to embrace the idea of a working group and allow us to facilitate your efforts to find a cooperative solution, including taking concerted action. TCTB, along with experts Experts in industry from across the world stand ready to assist you. TCTB's unique multi-jurisdictional structure ensures neutrality, trust, and transparency to best help the Working Group achieve its purpose. Let us show the world that UN COPUUS is not only a forum for discussion but also a platform for action. Let's work together to meet the challenge of massive dereliction Before the next collision, the future is in your hands. Thank you. Je remercie le distinguished.

I thank the distinguished representative of the three country trusted broker for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished observer from the Open Lunar Foundation. You have the floor.

Thank you, honorable chair. Distinguished delegates, I'm pleased to provide this update on behalf of the Open Lunar Foundation, an international NGO committed to enabling a peaceful, cooperative, and sustainable presence on the Moon for the benefit of all humanity. As lunar activity grows, with over 100 missions projected by 2030, potential conjunction events in lunar orbit have doubled due to the influx of lunar missions. The need for coordination and transparency becomes urgent. Since 2022, Open Luna has been developing a global database for lunar information sharing. This project aims to support and complement the important work by member states, both nationally and within UN COPUS, towards a consistent global framework for information sharing. The Lunar Ledger is envisioned as a neutral, public, globally facing, multi-stakeholder platform for voluntary information sharing on past, present, and future lunar missions, activities, and objects, both in orbit and on the surface. Its purpose is to increase transparency, reduce operational risk, and improve coordination across state and non-state actors. The database will be dynamically updatable, allow direct submissions from government, commercial, scientific, and other relevant actors and will focus on technical data to support deconfliction and coordination. It will also aggregate other lunar data sources to showcase and complement existing efforts. With an emphasis on supporting operators, we hope the ledger becomes a useful tool that strengthens global cooperation. To ensure it meets real-world needs, we convened over 150 stakeholders across 6 continents last year, including space agencies, governments, companies, scientists, and civil society. There was strong consensus on the value of a global lunar database alongside clear concerns about commercial confidentiality and geopolitical sensitivities as some of its barriers. This year, we are taking careful, inclusive, and iterative approach, testing the prototype with commercial actors forming an expert advisory board, and engaging with space agencies and member states for their perspectives. Feedback is welcome at all stages, and we have engagements planned throughout the year, including an event at the 2025 IAC in Sydney to refine its governance, data design, and policy approach. We welcome collaboration with all who share an interest in building trusted infrastructure for lunar coordination. We're especially keen to invite early users of the platform as beta users to provide dedicated feedback or share relevant national practices and perspectives to help shape this tool as a global platform. Thank you for your kind attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Open Luna Foundation for his statement, and I I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the International Astronautical Federation. You have the floor.

Chair, Excellencies, colleagues, ladies and gentlemen, on behalf of the International Astronautical Federation, I wish to warmly welcome and acknowledge the hard work of the Chair of the 68th Session, Mr. Rafik Akram, and thank him for his leadership in steering a productive session that tackles many important issues. I would like to also express our sincere appreciation to Director Aarti Holomaini for her outstanding leadership of the UN OSA. We pledge our full support throughout this significant gathering. As the IAF Executive Director, I'm honored to provide an overview of the IAF's recent activities and share our vision for 2025 and beyond. At the 62nd session of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee in February, the IAF proudly organized its biannual IAF Symposium. The theme, Space Indispensable on the Agenda of Policymakers, Public, and Nations, sparked discussions on bridging gaps and engaging diverse stakeholders in shaping the future of space through 3 insightful panels: how to engage political decision-makers in the space debate, how to secure general public support for space, and how to embrace emerging countries in the global space endeavor. In May, the Federation organized the IAF Global Space Exploration Conference, GEX 2025, in New Delhi, India, in collaboration with its esteemed member, the Indian Space Research Organization, ISRO. This event attracted over 1,500 participants. participants from 60— uh, 36 countries, making it the largest IAF Global Conference to date. Looking ahead, the IAF, together with its member, the Space Industry Association of Australia, warmly invites all COPOS delegates to the 76th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2025, in Sydney, Australia, from 29th September to 3rd October. Held under the theme Sustainable Space, Resilient Earth, IC 2025 will delve into sustainability, Earth-focused applications, and our collective future in space. IC 2025 will also feature the 32nd edition of the IAF Workshop supported by the United Nations from 26th to 28th September 2025. Thank you, The workshop, for which 274 applications from 75 countries were received, will further cement the IEF's mission to engage emerging space players and foster development through space-based solutions. Looking ahead, preparations are underway for the 77th IEC in Antalya, Türkiye in 2026, and for the 78th IEC. IEC in Poznań, Poland in 2027, marking the IEC's return to Poland after more than 60 years. The Federation is also pleased to announce that the next IAF Global Space Conference on Climate Change, GLOBE 2026, will take place in Kigali, Rwanda in June 2026, in cooperation with the IAF member, the Rwanda Space Agency, reinforcing IAF's commitment to sustainability and inclusive dialogue, particularly with countries most vulnerable to climate change. Chair, distinguished delegates, today more than ever the IAF's mission is resolutely centered on uniting the global space community through action, dialogue, and innovation. Thank you for the opportunity to share the IAF's initiatives and vision at the 68th session of the UN COPOS. We look forward to a and fruitful collaboration. Thank you all for your attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of the IAF for that statement, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of APSCO to take the floor.

Chair, distinguished delegates, it's my privilege to make this statement on behalf of the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization. As an intergovernmental international organization, Apsco devoted on typing regional resources, promoting multilateral cooperation in space science, technology, and applications, and capacity building in space-related fields, and has been actively participating at the UN Corpus and. Subcommittee's meeting since its inception in 2008. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, some of recent activities of ABSKO that contribute to the agenda and objective of the COPERS include: ABSKO has established the Data Sharing Service Platform, DSSP, which provides member states with data from 4 Chinese satellites and is actively utilized through 25 certified users in all APSCO member states. APSCO has been actively involved in lunar exploration and the ILIS program. Under the promotion and support of APSCO, its member states Pakistan, successfully launched the IQBO CubeSat with the Chang'e-6 mission. Scientific instrument developed by its member states, Thailand, will be carried by Chang'e-7. Moreover, 5 Apsco member states were participants in Chang'e-8 mission. Apsco has established a working group for joint study on International Lunar Research Station initiative. More than 50 experts and scholars from EBSCO member states have joined the team. For disaster monitoring and management, EBSCO has established a charter-like emergency response mechanism among our members. In the domain of space science and space observatory, a network of 11 telescope is being established, consisting of 60-centimeter telescope in all member states of APSCO. Member states— China has provided APSCO member states with a payload balance of 19 recoverable satellites. APSCO member states actively carried their respective scientific payloads, seeds, and scientific instruments to advance space agriculture and technology validation capability, and the embarking of the flags of member states on the satellite was symbolic, reflecting our common commitment to peaceful space exploration. Axiom Space Law Alliance, established in 2024, is a network of 27 space organizations, institutions, and universities from member states of EBSCO to promote research and capacity building in space law and policy. Under the EBSCO degree education program, so far 253 master's and 102 doctor's degree scholarships have been provided. Based on the experience on education and training, the EBSCO Space University initiative was approved by the EBSCO Council in 2024. Furthermore, I would like to share that the 3rd EBSCO Leadership Development Forum 2025 shall be held back to back with the 19th Council Meeting of EBSCO in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1st to 3rd December 2025. The forum will share— provide a high-level platform to curate dialogue and discussion on contemporary issues and the potential role of developing countries in space domain. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, EXCO and its members are strongly committed and strong support international space cooperation, especially through UNWU mechanism. EXCO is open to all countries countries and the space community to cooperate for peaceful use of outer space. I thank you all for your attention.

I thank the distinguished representative of APSCO for that statement, and I now invite the distinguished observer from For All Mankind to take the floor. Thank you, Chair.

I'm honored to deliver this statement on behalf of For All Mankind. We remain grateful for your leadership and for the exceptional work of the UNOOSA team. For All Mankind is an entirely volunteer-led, international, non-governmental, not-for-profit organization dedicated solely to safeguarding humanity's cultural heritage in outer space as a foundational pillar of sustainable space governance. Distinguished delegates, we are at an inflection point. A new era of lunar exploration is unfolding. not in the abstract, but right now. We are witnessing tremendous advancements in science and resource development. However, the Moon is not merely a destination for scientific inquiry or resource extraction. It is also a shared archive of human achievement, bearing the footprints, artifacts, and instruments that mark our species' first steps beyond Earth. Sites like Luna 2, which heralded the dawn of lunar exploration, and Apollo 11, where humanity first touched another celestial body, are unique and inspiring. The site— these sites and the objects that lay there are evidence of human achievement, the culmination of centuries of human evolution and ingenuity. They are irreplaceable. Distinguished delegates, the COPUAS and its subcommittees serve as vital platforms for international cooperation. Fostering peaceful exploration, global governance, and inclusive participation in outer space activities. No body is better positioned to balance the protection of lunar heritage with the freedom of exploration. We strongly support Poland's proposal, echoed in submissions by the United Kingdom and Armenia, that the Action Team on Lunar Activity Consultation is a most appropriate forum to undertake take the first steps towards developing a guidance document on international rules and practices applicable to the recognition and safeguarding of lunar heritage. The rapid pace of lunar missions underscores the urgency of this dialogue. Without proactive measures, the technological advancements driving lunar exploration could inadvertently damage these irreplaceable sites. We urge this committee to adopt Poland's recommendation to include the preservation of sites and objects of significant scientific and historical value on the Moon among the priority topics of the ATLAS. Safeguarding these sites does not hinder exploration; it enhances it. Recognizing and safeguarding our history reflects our highest values and affirms our commitment to a future in space that remembers where we, we began. I thank you for your attention. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished observer for, for All Moonkind for the statement. The next speaker on my list is the distinguished observer of SWF.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates and observers, On behalf of the Secure World Foundation, I appreciate this opportunity to present an update on the foundation's work since the last session of this committee in June of 2024. Secure World Foundation focuses its activities on 3 primary themes. The first is ensuring the long-term sustainability of outer space activities. The second is fostering the development of sound space policy and law. And the third is enhancing the use of space technology and international cooperation to support human and environmental security on Earth. In July of 2024, Secure World Foundation organized the 6th Summit for Space Sustainability in Tokyo, Japan. We thank our co-host, the Cabinet Office Space Policy Secretariat of the Government of Japan, for the successful collaboration and co-organization of this event. The summit was attended in person and online by more than 550 participants from 37 states. Key themes discussed included active debris removal progress and challenges, regional space situational awareness initiatives, and sustainability challenges presented by space exploration activities. The 7th Summit for Space Sustainability will be held in Paris, France on October 22nd and 23rd, co-hosted with CNES and the Government of France. We invite the distinguished delegates of COPUIS to attend the event. Further details can be found on our website, swfsummit.org. In October of 2024, Secure World Foundation released the 2nd edition of the Handbook for New Actors in Space. This guide provides up-to-date information on the existing legal frameworks, national regulation, and policy and operational best practices for safe and sustainable space activities. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, we are pleased to present to this committee the latest version of our COPUSS briefing book. The updated COPUSS briefing book is a comprehensive guide to the history and current work of COPUSS, its 2 subcommittees, and its working groups. In partnership In partnership with Inner Sputnik, a fellow observer delegation at this committee, we are pleased to offer French, Spanish, and Russian translations of the COPUIS briefing book. All versions of the COPUIS briefing book are also available now online in electronic format on our website. We also have a number of— we will have a number of printed copies available for free distribution here at this session. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, the Secure World Foundation looks forward to continuing to— the continuing support of the committee's efforts to achieve and sustain the continued peaceful uses of outer space.

Thank you for your kind attention.

I thank the distinguished observer for the Secure World Foundation for the statement. I now would like to give the floor to the representative for UNICEF Global.

Mr. Chair, Distinguished delegates, I want to express my sincere appreciation for the tireless efforts and leadership demonstrated by the chair, Professor Rafiq Akram, and the director of UNOSIM, R.G. Oramaini. Thank you for the opportunity to share recent developments from the University Space Engineering Consortium, UNSEC Global. Our mission is to help build a world where every everyone, regardless of their birthplace, can access high-quality space education and benefit from the advancements in space development. Today I want to highlight 2 of our cost-effective capacity building initiatives. The first is the KANSAT CubeSat Leader Training Program, or CLTP, which provides practical satellite training to educators and researchers. It began in 2011 with cancer and later evolved into CubeSat training using the Heptasat model satellite. Participants run this entire process of satellite development from system design to testing. To date, 144 individuals from 59 countries have participated and taught their students in their respective countries. The upcoming 14th CLTP will be held in Japan in August. The second initiative is an international effort to address global and local challenges, including climate change, wildfires, floods, and droughts. This project involves a satellite constellation that uses storm and fog technology. This system enables the collection of environmental data from remote areas without requiring real-time communication. Participating countries contribute a small element such as a ground sensor, a nanosatellite, or a ground station, and receive data relevant to their local needs such as water levels or soil moisture. We call this initiative the NanoSatellite IoT Constellation Mission Program by international collaboration. Mr. Chair and distinguished delegates, I want to conclude by reaffirming a fundamental principle: space is the common heritage of all humankind. To ensure equitable access to space, human capacity development is essential. As an educational NGO, All UNICEF Global is committed to supporting developing countries through inclusive, sustainable, and practical training and projects. To sum up, if you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together. Let's go together and leave no one behind. Thank you.

Je remercie la distancié.

I thank the distinguished observer for. for UNISEC Global for the statement. The next speaker on my list is a distinguished observer for Eutelsat IGO. Thank you, Chair.

Distinguished delegates, I have the honor to deliver our statement on behalf of the Executive Secretary of Eutelsat IGO, Mr. Piotr Dmukowski-Lipski. Distinguished Chair, the European Telecommunications Satellite Organization, or Eutelsat IGO, is an intergovernmental organization based in Paris and comprising 49 member states parties to the Eutelsat Convention. The key mission of Eutelsat IGO is to ensure that the French satellite operator Eutelsat Communications SA fulfills its commitments regarding the observance and implementation of the 4 basic principles of the Eutelsat Convention. These are public service, universal service obligations, pan-European coverage by the satellite system, non-discrimination, and fair competition. Eutelsat Communications SA is the parent company of Eutelsat Group, which among others includes OneWeb, a LEO operator. The combined GEO and LEO fleet offers Eutelsat's client integrated satcom solutions. Together with other European satellite players, Eutelsat formed a consortium called SpaceRise, which will be responsible for building a sovereign European space-based secure communication system called Iris². In this context, Eutelsat IGO welcomes latest expressions of strength and involvement of the French state, as well as European and nor European private investors, leading to a substantial increase of Eutelsat Group's capital. In a global landscape where governments and corporations seek safe and predictable providers of satellite telecommunication, this European offer has a high chance of meeting those needs and adding to the safety and efficiency of the overall space ecosystem. Eutelsat IGO, as an intergovernmental organization will continue to monitor all commercial developments from the standpoint of guardians of public interest. Distinguished Chair, the role of Eutelsat IGO is reinforced in March 2025 when representatives of Eutelsat member states convened in Paris for the 44th ordinary meeting of the Eutelsat Assembly of Parties. At this meeting, the Assembly of Parties reappointed Piotr Dmochowski-Lipski of Poland as head of the organization for a 4-year term. The Eutelsat Advisory Committee meets on a semiannual basis and is composed since March 2005 of the parties of Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Poland, Portugal, Romania, and Switzerland. Distinguished Chair, at each meeting of the Assembly of Parties as well as that of the Advisory Committee, the Executive Secretary provides member states with a comprehensive report on the work of COPUAS and its subcommittees. We hope that we contribute in a small way to reinforcing the support which our member states extend towards COPUAS and UNOSA, along the lines of the plea voiced by the UNOSA Director in her opening remarks on last Wednesday. Thank you for your kind attention.

Thank you. I thank the distinguished observer for EUTELSAT IGO for the statement. The next speaker on my list is the distinguished observer for ESO, the European Southern Observatory.

Chair, distinguished delegates, it is a great honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the European Organization for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, ESO. I am pleased to report that with the support of our 16 member states, our host state Chile, and our strategic partner Australia, ESO continues to build and operate some of the most advanced and scientifically productive ground-based astronomical observatories in the world and remains firmly committed in fostering international collaboration for astronomy.

astronomy.

Since this committee last met, construction of ESO's Extremely Large Telescope, the ELT, has reached 65% completion. We are on track to begin observations by the end of this decade. With a 39-meter diameter, the ELT will be the largest optical telescope ever built. It will allow astronomers to study galaxies across cosmic history in detail, examine the atmospheres of planets around distant stars in the search for outside— for life outside Earth, and even more exciting, discover the unexpected. In the past year, observations from ESO telescopes led to over 1,200 peer-reviewed publications, a new record and the 8th consecutive year surpassing 1,000 publications. These numbers underscore ESO's role in advancing humanity's understanding of the Universe. Earlier this year, the asteroid 2024 YR4 was estimated to have a 3% chance of hitting Earth, well above the 1% threshold considered safe. Observations with ESO's Very Large Telescope refined its orbit and indicated that it poses no threat. This is one example of how ESO contributes to global efforts in planetary defense. We are committed to supporting the International Asteroid Warning Network and to apply our technologies to meet global challenges. In addition to science and research, astronomy also plays a broader role. It stimulates interest in science and technology, helps build national capacities and space capabilities, and generates wider societal benefits. Technologies developed at ESO have been applied in fields such as medicine, imaging, data transmission, and sensor technology. Chair, as committed custodians of the night sky, we remain concerned about the growing number of artificial satellites in low Earth orbit and the increased light pollution from constellations and other artificial light sources. The brightening of the night sky interferes with astronomical observations, threatening not just research but the broader societal gains astronomy provides. In this context, we welcome the inclusion of a new agenda item on dark and quiet skies in the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee from February 2025. ESO is committed to working with all parties over the next 5 to develop effective measures to mitigate the impact of satellite streaks on ground-based astronomical research. We emphasize ground-based astronomy remains irreplaceable in our quest to understand the universe. Chair, distinguished delegates, we commend the efforts of many COPPIUS members and observers who have raised attention to this issue. ESO pledges its full support to protecting dark and quiet quiet skies and to safeguarding global access to knowledge of our cosmos. I thank you for your kind attention.

I thank the distinguished observer for ESO for the statement. Uh, the next speaker on my list is the distinguished observer for the Space Generation Advisory Council.

Thank you, Chair, distinguished delegates. As the executive director of SGAC, I'm privileged present an overview of our recent activities. SGAC continues to serve as a vibrant platform for students and young professionals aged 18 to 35, enabling them to engage with the United Nations space agencies, industry, and academia. We're proud to share that earlier this year we concluded 2 of our flagship global events, SGX and the Space Generation Vision Forum. These events are key to SGAC's mission of empowering the next generation of space leaders and fostering cross-section dialogue. We're also excited to report that as of 2026, we will be partnering with the American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics in the organization of SGX, which will be happening in conjunction with ASCEND in Washington, D.C. Looking ahead, preparations are well underway for our flagship annual event, the Space Generation Congress, which will convene alongside the International Astronautical Congress later this year in Sydney, Australia. Furthermore, we're actively developing a new global event centered on space entrepreneurship to be hosted in the Middle East. We extend an open invitation to member states to collaborate with us in shaping this transformative endeavor and to reaffirm their support for the United Nations Space for Youth agenda. Together, we can empower the next generation to play a pivotal role in the shaping of our future of outer space. Distinguished delegates, our SJAPP platform continues its work on sustainability and the responsible use of outer space to build a safe and sustainable sustainable space environment for a unified global space community. We're also working on the establishment of a new policy division focused on Space for Earth to ensure that sustainability considerations are not only applied in outer space but also continue to a more suitable future here on Earth. This is— this initiative aims to integrate space-based technologies and governance frameworks to address climate change, environmental monitoring, and resource management on our planet while strengthening the space-Earth nexus. We extend our sincere gratitude to all partners and sponsors who continue to make these events possible, and we encourage all member states to deepen their cooperation with SGAC in our shared mission to ensure that space remains peaceful, innovative, and inclusive for generations to come. We're grateful for the opportunity to address this honorable committee and stand ready to work together with all member states and observers to foster the peaceful, sustainable, and cooperative uses of space for the benefit of all humankind, present and future. Thank you for your kind attention.

I thank the distinguished observer for the Space Generation Advisory Council for the statement. The next speaker on my list is the distinguished observer for COSPAR.

Mr.

Chair, distinguished delegates, we are excited to share news about the forthcoming 6th COSPAR Symposium taking place in Nicosia, Cyprus from 3 to 7 November 2025. This biennial event brings together a global space science community in a focused, collaborative setting. This year's theme, Space Exploration 2025: A Symposium on Humanity's Challenges and Celestial Solutions, sets the stage for an especially dynamic and engaging program. Among the highlights of this year's symposium are the special space education sessions and weekend. These initiatives are designed to engage students, young researchers, early career professionals, and teachers in space science, promoting knowledge sharing and mentorship. Education and capacity building in space research are critical for COSPA's strategy in promoting education and providing professional development opportunities for educators. Through hands-on workshops, lectures, grants to participate to our events, and networking activities, COSPAR continues to heavily invest in the next generation of scientists and engineers, affirming our commitment to education, support to early career scientists, and capacity building across all regions. In this context, we wish to highlight the project EXPLORE, Expeditionary Program for Learning Opportunities in Analog Space Exploration. The EXPLORE-1st analog student mission took place last week, 23 to 27 June 2025, near Monsaraz, Portugal. The Austrian Space Forum is coordinating the project and leading this partnership with COSPAR, the training organization Nucleus Nucleo of Portugal, the educational institution Ellinge Marniki Agoge, Athens, Greece, and Biosky Lake Alqueva Observatory, Portugal. Explore is co-funded by the European Union Erasmus program and engages students in activities that simulate Moon and Mars environments, providing a hands-on experience of international space missions. The Explore Kit, specifically developed for this project, is designed to encourage students to embrace their inner explorer and embark on a simulated mission to Mars. The kit is being integrated into formal educational settings, empowering educators to deliver STEAM-related content through innovative methodologies. We would like to thank our partners of Austria, Portugal, Greece, and the European Union for making this endeavor possible. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, I would finally like to call the attention of delegations that COSPAR, together with IAA, IAU, and Moon Village Association, have prepared and issued for this present session of COPUS Conference Room Paper 23, on Designation and Preservation of Sites of Special Scientific Interests on the Moon, Report Update, with additional information to the conference room paper submitted to STSC earlier this year. Also, COSPAR co-sponsors the updated Conference Room Paper 28 on Dark and Quiet Skies for Science and Society to this session of COPERS. Thank you for your attention. Thank you.

Thank the distinguished observer for COSPA for the statement. The next speaker on my list is a distinguished representative for the Space Data Association.

And I'm one of the executive directors of the Space Data Association. The Space Data Association is very pleased to submit to this distinguished committee its strong support for the proposal submitted by the United Arab Emirates calling for the establishment of an expert group on Space Situational Awareness under the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee of the Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space . As an international, not-for-profit association of satellite operators, The SDA has long advocated for enhanced coordination and transparency in space operations to ensure the safety, security, and sustainability of the orbital environment. The UAE's proposal reflects a timely and thoughtful response to the evolving challenges of space traffic management and increasing orbital congestion. It aligns with the global imperative to foster responsible behavior in space. In outer space and to support the long-term sustainability of space activities. The SDA commends the proposal's focus on improving the interoperability of SSA systems, harmonizing data formats, and promoting voluntary data sharing practices among Member States and relevant stakeholders. The formation of a dedicated expert group offers a practical, inclusive, and action-oriented platform to build consensus and generate technical and policy recommendations that address current gaps in global SSA coordination. Notably, the proposal's emphasis on avoiding duplication, enhancing complementarity with ongoing efforts, and ensuring transparency through regular reporting mechanisms will contribute meaningfully to the effectiveness and credibility of COPOS initiatives. Furthermore, the SDA supports the proposed expert group's inclusive composition, including the involvement of governmental, non-governmental, and private sector experts. This approach acknowledges the critical role of the industry in advancing operational safety and encourages multi-stakeholder cooperation, which is essential for meaningful progress. The SDA stands stands ready to contribute to the work of the proposed expert group and assist in its objectives, particularly in the areas of operational coordination, data standardization, and capacity building. We believe the UAE's initiative represents a constructive step forward, a more coordinated and sustainable future in outer space. We respectfully urge member states to endorse the establishment of the Expert Group on Space Situational Awareness and to actively engage in its effort in the spirit of international collaboration and shared responsibilities. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished observer for Space Data Association for the statement. Distinguished delegates, we will continue our consideration of Agenda Item 4 this afternoon. I will shortly adjourn this meeting. Before doing so, I would like to inform delegates of our schedule of work this afternoon. We will meet promptly at 3 PM. We will continue our consideration of agenda item 4, general exchange of views. At the request of several delegations, we will reopen and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item 5, Ways and Means of Maintaining Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes. We will continue our consideration of agenda item 7, report of the Legal Subcommittee on its 64th session, with a view to taking a decision on the proposal to establish a study group as proposed in CRP 25, that being A/AC.105/CRP. We will continue and hopefully suspend our consideration of item 13, future role and methods of the work of the committee, pending the outcome of consultations on matters concerning Unispace 4. We will continue and hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item 16. On other matters, I would like to inform delegates that informal consultations on Unispace 4 will be held today during lunchtime from 1:10 to 2 PM in Conference Room M5. The consultation will also be available via the MS Teams link, which is contained in a circular dispatched on 16 June 2025. I also would like to inform delegates that the Working Group on the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space will be holding its first intersessional meeting from 1:30 to 2:50 PM in Conference Room M5. The intersessional meeting will also be available via the MS Teams link.

Thank you.

Contained in the circular dispatched on 5 June 2025 in document CU/2025/186. Informal consultations on space for development will also be held from 2 to 3 PM in Conference Room M6. This meeting will also be available online via the MS Teams link shared by the delegation of Egypt. In parallel, a joint informal meeting organized by the UAE and Germany on Space Situational Awareness Expert Group and a Space Traffic Study Group will be held from 2 to 3 PM in Conference Room M2. The schedule of informal meetings is available on the web page. page of this session of the committee. I would now like to give the floor to the Secretariat to provide information on the side events.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, there will be 3 side events during this lunchtime today. From 1:10 to 2 PM, there will be a joint side event co-organized by Austria, Canada, and Office for Outer Space Affairs entitled entitled The Imperative of Ensuring Space Sustainability and a Safer Airspace. This event will take place in the press room of the N Building here and via virtual connection. From 2 to 2:45 PM, there will be a side event also organized by the Office for Aerospace Affairs entitled UNOSA/EXO Launch: Access to Space for all exoport announcement awardees. This event will take place in Boardroom A of the embassy here. And the third one, the side event, is from 2:10 to 3:00 PM. Um, the side event is also organized by the Office for Outer Space Affairs entitled Earth Economy, Ecosystems, and Economics: Space as a Development Imperative. And a catalyst of growth. This event will take place in the press room in this M building, and all delegations are invited. Thank you very much, Mr.

Chair.

I thank the Secretariat for that information provided. Distinguished delegates, I've been informed by the Secretariat that the information circular CU 2025/58 has been dispatched by UNOSA to all permanent missions containing information that Her Excellency Ms. Amina Mohammed, United Nations Deputy Secretary-General, will travel to Vienna on the occasion of the 68th session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. She will deliver high-level remarks for the participants of the 68th session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space on the 2nd of July at 9:40 here in the M Plenary, M Building, immediately before the formal opening of the session. Are there any comments or questions on this proposed schedule?

Thank you.

I see none. Distinguished delegates, this meeting is adjourned until 3 PM this afternoon. Thank you.