{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1n/k1nttffsux","kaltura_id":"1_nttffsux","title":"5th meeting, 12th Session of Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations","clean_title":"5th meeting, 12th Session of Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux","date":"2026-10-14T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-10-14T08:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"03:21:11","category":"Human Rights Council","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1n/k1nttffsux"},"metadata":{"summary":null,"description":null,"categories":[],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"scheduled-1bc0a65b-f13b-4fae-a37c-89e073cc29a1","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":1707.19,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=28:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good morning, colleagues, Excellencies, distinguished delegates.","start":1707.19,"end":1712.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":1707.19,"end":1707.43},{"text":"morning,","start":1707.43,"end":1707.91},{"text":"colleagues,","start":1707.91,"end":1708.63},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1709.91,"end":1710.87},{"text":"distinguished","start":1710.87,"end":1711.59},{"text":"delegates.","start":1711.59,"end":1712.55}]},{"text":"I'd like to declare open the fifth meeting of the 12th session of the Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises with Respect to Human Rights.","start":1713.67,"end":1730.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":1713.67,"end":1713.87},{"text":"like","start":1713.87,"end":1714.23},{"text":"to","start":1714.23,"end":1714.47},{"text":"declare","start":1714.47,"end":1714.79},{"text":"open","start":1714.79,"end":1714.99},{"text":"the","start":1714.99,"end":1715.11},{"text":"fifth","start":1715.11,"end":1715.51},{"text":"meeting","start":1717.35,"end":1717.99},{"text":"of","start":1717.99,"end":1718.31},{"text":"the","start":1718.31,"end":1718.51},{"text":"12th","start":1718.55,"end":1718.95},{"text":"session","start":1718.95,"end":1720.95},{"text":"of","start":1721.03,"end":1721.11},{"text":"the","start":1721.11,"end":1721.19},{"text":"Open-ended","start":1721.75,"end":1722.31},{"text":"Intergovernmental","start":1722.31,"end":1723.35},{"text":"Working","start":1723.35,"end":1723.83},{"text":"Group","start":1723.83,"end":1724.39},{"text":"on","start":1724.79,"end":1725.07},{"text":"Transnational","start":1725.07,"end":1725.83},{"text":"Corporations","start":1725.83,"end":1726.87},{"text":"and","start":1726.95,"end":1727.23},{"text":"Other","start":1727.23,"end":1727.75},{"text":"Business","start":1727.99,"end":1728.47},{"text":"Enterprises","start":1728.47,"end":1729.23},{"text":"with","start":1729.23,"end":1729.43},{"text":"Respect","start":1729.43,"end":1729.87},{"text":"to","start":1729.87,"end":1729.95},{"text":"Human","start":1729.99,"end":1730.39},{"text":"Rights.","start":1730.43,"end":1730.59}]},{"text":"Now, before resuming our work this morning, I would like to refer to a situation that was presented to the Chair, Rapporteur and the Secretariat, and we have found out that photos or photographs were taken of persons present in the room without their consent, including cases when those persons were asked not to take the photos, but they still did.","start":1733.91,"end":1765.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":1733.91,"end":1734.15},{"text":"before","start":1734.15,"end":1734.59},{"text":"resuming","start":1734.59,"end":1735.27},{"text":"our","start":1735.35,"end":1735.59},{"text":"work","start":1735.59,"end":1735.91},{"text":"this","start":1736.15,"end":1736.39},{"text":"morning,","start":1736.39,"end":1737.03},{"text":"I","start":1737.99,"end":1738.03},{"text":"would","start":1738.03,"end":1738.23},{"text":"like","start":1738.23,"end":1738.55},{"text":"to","start":1738.55,"end":1738.79},{"text":"refer","start":1739.03,"end":1740.15},{"text":"to","start":1740.79,"end":1741.91},{"text":"a","start":1742.63,"end":1742.67},{"text":"situation","start":1742.67,"end":1743.19},{"text":"that","start":1743.19,"end":1743.35},{"text":"was","start":1743.35,"end":1743.51},{"text":"presented","start":1743.51,"end":1744.07},{"text":"to","start":1744.07,"end":1744.39},{"text":"the","start":1744.39,"end":1744.55},{"text":"Chair,","start":1744.55,"end":1744.75},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":1744.75,"end":1745.23},{"text":"and","start":1745.23,"end":1745.35},{"text":"the","start":1745.35,"end":1745.43},{"text":"Secretariat,","start":1745.43,"end":1746.07},{"text":"and","start":1746.07,"end":1746.23},{"text":"we","start":1746.23,"end":1746.39},{"text":"have","start":1746.39,"end":1746.63},{"text":"found","start":1746.63,"end":1747.03},{"text":"out","start":1747.03,"end":1747.67},{"text":"that","start":1747.75,"end":1748.39},{"text":"photos","start":1749.19,"end":1750.39},{"text":"or","start":1750.87,"end":1751.03},{"text":"photographs","start":1751.03,"end":1751.83},{"text":"were","start":1751.91,"end":1752.39},{"text":"taken","start":1752.39,"end":1753.03},{"text":"of","start":1753.03,"end":1753.35},{"text":"persons","start":1753.35,"end":1753.75},{"text":"present","start":1753.75,"end":1754.35},{"text":"in","start":1754.63,"end":1754.83},{"text":"the","start":1754.83,"end":1754.95},{"text":"room","start":1754.95,"end":1755.35},{"text":"without","start":1755.43,"end":1755.87},{"text":"their","start":1755.87,"end":1756.31},{"text":"consent,","start":1756.87,"end":1757.67},{"text":"including","start":1758.23,"end":1759.19},{"text":"cases","start":1761.27,"end":1761.67},{"text":"when","start":1761.67,"end":1762.07},{"text":"those","start":1762.47,"end":1762.71},{"text":"persons","start":1762.71,"end":1762.99},{"text":"were","start":1762.99,"end":1763.11},{"text":"asked","start":1763.11,"end":1763.35},{"text":"not","start":1763.35,"end":1763.63},{"text":"to","start":1763.63,"end":1763.71},{"text":"take","start":1763.71,"end":1764.23},{"text":"the","start":1764.39,"end":1764.55},{"text":"photos,","start":1764.55,"end":1764.95},{"text":"but","start":1764.95,"end":1765.15},{"text":"they","start":1765.15,"end":1765.23},{"text":"still","start":1765.23,"end":1765.51},{"text":"did.","start":1765.51,"end":1765.83}]},{"text":"So I'd like to remind all participants that in line with the applicable norms related to UN conferences, under no circumstances can photographs nor videos can be taken of persons present in room 12 without asking permission.","start":1766.15,"end":1789.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1766.15,"end":1766.47},{"text":"I'd","start":1766.47,"end":1766.67},{"text":"like","start":1766.71,"end":1766.95},{"text":"to","start":1766.95,"end":1767.19},{"text":"remind","start":1767.27,"end":1767.83},{"text":"all","start":1767.83,"end":1768.15},{"text":"participants","start":1768.15,"end":1769.03},{"text":"that","start":1769.03,"end":1769.23},{"text":"in","start":1769.23,"end":1769.35},{"text":"line","start":1769.35,"end":1769.75},{"text":"with","start":1769.75,"end":1770.27},{"text":"the","start":1770.27,"end":1770.35},{"text":"applicable","start":1770.35,"end":1771.27},{"text":"norms","start":1771.27,"end":1771.99},{"text":"related","start":1772.71,"end":1773.19},{"text":"to","start":1773.19,"end":1773.51},{"text":"UN","start":1773.51,"end":1774.15},{"text":"conferences,","start":1774.15,"end":1775.27},{"text":"under","start":1776.15,"end":1776.47},{"text":"no","start":1776.47,"end":1776.79},{"text":"circumstances","start":1776.95,"end":1778.15},{"text":"can","start":1778.15,"end":1778.71},{"text":"photographs","start":1778.79,"end":1779.83},{"text":"nor","start":1781.11,"end":1781.43},{"text":"videos","start":1781.43,"end":1781.91},{"text":"can","start":1781.91,"end":1782.23},{"text":"be","start":1782.23,"end":1782.55},{"text":"taken","start":1782.79,"end":1783.51},{"text":"of","start":1783.79,"end":1784.07},{"text":"persons","start":1784.55,"end":1785.19},{"text":"present","start":1785.19,"end":1785.75},{"text":"in","start":1785.75,"end":1785.91},{"text":"room","start":1785.91,"end":1786.23},{"text":"12","start":1786.23,"end":1786.79},{"text":"without","start":1786.79,"end":1787.51},{"text":"asking","start":1788.51,"end":1789.07},{"text":"permission.","start":1789.07,"end":1789.79}]},{"text":"The limited flexibility that was given here in the working group that makes it possible for participants to record their own statements, and that is the only purpose, and under no circumstances can other participants be recorded or filmed without their consent.","start":1790.43,"end":1812.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1790.43,"end":1790.63},{"text":"limited","start":1791.23,"end":1791.63},{"text":"flexibility","start":1791.63,"end":1792.51},{"text":"that","start":1792.51,"end":1792.99},{"text":"was","start":1792.99,"end":1793.47},{"text":"given","start":1793.63,"end":1794.11},{"text":"here","start":1794.91,"end":1795.47},{"text":"in","start":1796.51,"end":1796.83},{"text":"the","start":1796.83,"end":1796.91},{"text":"working","start":1797.07,"end":1797.51},{"text":"group","start":1797.51,"end":1797.71},{"text":"that","start":1797.71,"end":1797.95},{"text":"makes","start":1797.95,"end":1798.19},{"text":"it","start":1798.19,"end":1798.27},{"text":"possible","start":1798.27,"end":1798.75},{"text":"for","start":1798.75,"end":1798.91},{"text":"participants","start":1798.91,"end":1799.87},{"text":"to","start":1800.51,"end":1800.67},{"text":"record","start":1800.67,"end":1801.15},{"text":"their","start":1801.15,"end":1801.39},{"text":"own","start":1801.39,"end":1801.63},{"text":"statements,","start":1801.63,"end":1802.51},{"text":"and","start":1802.51,"end":1802.71},{"text":"that","start":1802.71,"end":1802.91},{"text":"is","start":1802.91,"end":1803.15},{"text":"the","start":1803.15,"end":1803.27},{"text":"only","start":1803.27,"end":1803.95},{"text":"purpose,","start":1803.95,"end":1804.59},{"text":"and","start":1804.99,"end":1805.55},{"text":"under","start":1805.63,"end":1805.95},{"text":"no","start":1805.95,"end":1806.27},{"text":"circumstances","start":1806.27,"end":1807.23},{"text":"can","start":1807.23,"end":1807.63},{"text":"other","start":1807.63,"end":1808.19},{"text":"participants","start":1808.99,"end":1809.59},{"text":"be","start":1809.59,"end":1809.71},{"text":"recorded","start":1809.71,"end":1810.35},{"text":"or","start":1810.35,"end":1810.59},{"text":"filmed","start":1810.59,"end":1811.15},{"text":"without","start":1811.15,"end":1811.51},{"text":"their","start":1811.51,"end":1811.71},{"text":"consent.","start":1811.71,"end":1812.51}]},{"text":"So if that If that will happen again, then we will be using the powers that we have to put an end to that situation.","start":1813.47,"end":1829.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1813.47,"end":1813.79},{"text":"if","start":1813.79,"end":1813.95},{"text":"that","start":1813.95,"end":1814.59},{"text":"If","start":1819.51,"end":1819.75},{"text":"that","start":1819.75,"end":1820.07},{"text":"will","start":1820.95,"end":1821.11},{"text":"happen","start":1821.11,"end":1821.47},{"text":"again,","start":1821.47,"end":1822.15},{"text":"then","start":1822.15,"end":1822.55},{"text":"we","start":1822.55,"end":1823.03},{"text":"will","start":1823.19,"end":1823.51},{"text":"be","start":1823.51,"end":1823.91},{"text":"using","start":1825.19,"end":1825.63},{"text":"the","start":1825.63,"end":1825.71},{"text":"powers","start":1825.71,"end":1826.07},{"text":"that","start":1826.07,"end":1826.23},{"text":"we","start":1826.23,"end":1826.39},{"text":"have","start":1826.39,"end":1826.71},{"text":"to","start":1826.71,"end":1827.19},{"text":"put","start":1827.67,"end":1827.83},{"text":"an","start":1827.83,"end":1827.99},{"text":"end","start":1827.99,"end":1828.11},{"text":"to","start":1828.11,"end":1828.23},{"text":"that","start":1828.23,"end":1828.47},{"text":"situation.","start":1828.47,"end":1829.03}]},{"text":"So I would like to invite participants to heed to this appeal and conform with the rules.","start":1829.03,"end":1843.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1829.03,"end":1829.43},{"text":"I","start":1829.43,"end":1829.47},{"text":"would","start":1829.47,"end":1829.59},{"text":"like","start":1829.59,"end":1829.83},{"text":"to","start":1829.83,"end":1830.07},{"text":"invite","start":1830.39,"end":1831.19},{"text":"participants","start":1831.59,"end":1832.79},{"text":"to","start":1832.79,"end":1833.43},{"text":"heed","start":1835.51,"end":1835.91},{"text":"to","start":1835.91,"end":1836.03},{"text":"this","start":1836.03,"end":1836.39},{"text":"appeal","start":1836.71,"end":1837.19},{"text":"and","start":1837.19,"end":1837.75},{"text":"conform","start":1841.99,"end":1842.59},{"text":"with","start":1843.11,"end":1843.31},{"text":"the","start":1843.31,"end":1843.43},{"text":"rules.","start":1843.43,"end":1843.75}]},{"text":"So we'll come back to our work And we will now resume our interactive dialogue related to proposal 10, article 1.2.","start":1843.75,"end":1855.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1843.75,"end":1843.99},{"text":"we'll","start":1843.99,"end":1844.23},{"text":"come","start":1844.23,"end":1844.35},{"text":"back","start":1844.35,"end":1844.55},{"text":"to","start":1844.55,"end":1844.79},{"text":"our","start":1844.79,"end":1845.03},{"text":"work","start":1845.03,"end":1845.51},{"text":"And","start":1849.71,"end":1850.11},{"text":"we","start":1850.19,"end":1850.43},{"text":"will","start":1850.43,"end":1850.63},{"text":"now","start":1850.63,"end":1850.83},{"text":"resume","start":1850.83,"end":1851.31},{"text":"our","start":1851.31,"end":1851.71},{"text":"interactive","start":1851.71,"end":1852.35},{"text":"dialogue","start":1852.35,"end":1852.99},{"text":"related","start":1852.99,"end":1853.35},{"text":"to","start":1853.35,"end":1853.43},{"text":"proposal","start":1853.43,"end":1853.95},{"text":"10,","start":1853.95,"end":1854.23},{"text":"article","start":1854.23,"end":1854.67},{"text":"1.2.","start":1854.67,"end":1855.71}]},{"text":"Adverse human rights impact.","start":1860.67,"end":1862.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Adverse","start":1860.67,"end":1861.15},{"text":"human","start":1861.15,"end":1861.63},{"text":"rights","start":1861.63,"end":1862.19},{"text":"impact.","start":1862.27,"end":1862.99}]},{"text":"And I made my presentation of the proposal yesterday at the end of the afternoon.","start":1863.55,"end":1873.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1863.55,"end":1863.87},{"text":"I","start":1863.87,"end":1864.11},{"text":"made","start":1864.91,"end":1865.55},{"text":"my","start":1868.51,"end":1868.75},{"text":"presentation","start":1868.75,"end":1869.47},{"text":"of","start":1869.47,"end":1869.79},{"text":"the","start":1870.51,"end":1870.75},{"text":"proposal","start":1870.75,"end":1871.47},{"text":"yesterday","start":1871.47,"end":1872.27},{"text":"at","start":1872.27,"end":1872.43},{"text":"the","start":1872.43,"end":1872.51},{"text":"end","start":1872.51,"end":1872.63},{"text":"of","start":1872.63,"end":1872.75},{"text":"the","start":1872.75,"end":1872.87},{"text":"afternoon.","start":1872.87,"end":1873.55}]},{"text":"So now I'd like to open the floor to state I would like to take the floor with any proposals or comments in connection with this proposal of language and the alternative proposals related to article 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once again, I'd like to ask whether any state would like to take the floor.","start":1921.19,"end":1927.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1921.19,"end":1921.51},{"text":"once","start":1922.55,"end":1922.79},{"text":"again,","start":1922.79,"end":1923.19},{"text":"I'd","start":1923.19,"end":1923.39},{"text":"like","start":1923.39,"end":1923.59},{"text":"to","start":1923.59,"end":1923.71},{"text":"ask","start":1923.75,"end":1924.11},{"text":"whether","start":1924.11,"end":1924.43},{"text":"any","start":1924.43,"end":1924.87},{"text":"state","start":1924.95,"end":1925.59},{"text":"would","start":1925.91,"end":1926.07},{"text":"like","start":1926.07,"end":1926.23},{"text":"to","start":1926.23,"end":1926.35},{"text":"take","start":1926.35,"end":1926.55},{"text":"the","start":1926.55,"end":1926.63},{"text":"floor.","start":1926.63,"end":1927.03}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Yes, I see 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This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"related","start":2171.35,"end":2171.91},{"text":"to","start":2171.91,"end":2172.07},{"text":"the","start":2172.07,"end":2172.23},{"text":"deletion","start":2172.23,"end":2172.79},{"text":"of","start":2172.79,"end":2173.11},{"text":"the","start":2173.11,"end":2173.23},{"text":"words","start":2173.23,"end":2173.51},{"text":"\"internationally","start":2173.51,"end":2174.63},{"text":"recognized\"","start":2174.63,"end":2175.51},{"text":"and","start":2175.99,"end":2176.31},{"text":"also","start":2176.31,"end":2176.87},{"text":"add","start":2176.87,"end":2177.19},{"text":"the","start":2177.19,"end":2177.39},{"text":"collective","start":2178.23,"end":2179.03},{"text":"dimension","start":2179.11,"end":2180.07},{"text":"of","start":2180.43,"end":2180.87},{"text":"the","start":2181.43,"end":2181.71},{"text":"adverse","start":2181.75,"end":2182.55},{"text":"human","start":2182.55,"end":2182.95},{"text":"rights","start":2182.95,"end":2183.35},{"text":"impact.","start":2183.35,"end":2184.23}]},{"text":"Simply, we would like to reiterate our position that we'd like to be consistent throughout the text, and we would suggest that after \"context of business activities\" to add \"of transnational character\" or \"of transnational corporations\".","start":2185.03,"end":2201.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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also flexible in connection with the proposal made by the State of Palestine to merge this article with article 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join Japan in welcoming the removal of the phrase \"internationally recognised\", which we consider to be a legally imprecise 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suggest that the term \"human rights\" should be tethered to international human rights law.","start":2270.15,"end":2275.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2270.15,"end":2270.31},{"text":"suggest","start":2270.39,"end":2270.83},{"text":"that","start":2270.83,"end":2270.95},{"text":"the","start":2270.95,"end":2271.03},{"text":"term","start":2271.03,"end":2271.35},{"text":"\"human","start":2271.35,"end":2271.67},{"text":"rights\"","start":2271.67,"end":2271.99},{"text":"should","start":2272.31,"end":2272.59},{"text":"be","start":2272.59,"end":2272.79},{"text":"tethered","start":2272.79,"end":2273.19},{"text":"to","start":2273.75,"end":2273.87},{"text":"international","start":2273.91,"end":2274.55},{"text":"human","start":2274.55,"end":2274.79},{"text":"rights","start":2274.79,"end":2275.11},{"text":"law.","start":2275.19,"end":2275.35}]},{"text":"We also think that the phrase \"corresponds to\" lacks clarity.","start":2276.39,"end":2280.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2276.39,"end":2276.63},{"text":"also","start":2276.63,"end":2276.91},{"text":"think","start":2276.95,"end":2277.19},{"text":"that","start":2277.19,"end":2277.31},{"text":"the","start":2277.31,"end":2277.39},{"text":"phrase","start":2277.39,"end":2277.91},{"text":"\"corresponds","start":2278.23,"end":2279.19},{"text":"to\"","start":2279.19,"end":2279.59},{"text":"lacks","start":2279.59,"end":2279.91},{"text":"clarity.","start":2279.91,"end":2280.55}]},{"text":"We would be grateful for clarification on what that means and what constitutes a reduction or removal of the ability to enjoy human rights when talking about harms from businesses.","start":2280.55,"end":2289.83,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2280.55,"end":2280.67},{"text":"would","start":2280.67,"end":2280.79},{"text":"be","start":2280.79,"end":2280.95},{"text":"grateful","start":2280.95,"end":2281.35},{"text":"for","start":2281.35,"end":2281.51},{"text":"clarification","start":2281.51,"end":2282.31},{"text":"on","start":2282.31,"end":2282.39},{"text":"what","start":2282.39,"end":2282.55},{"text":"that","start":2282.55,"end":2282.71},{"text":"means","start":2282.71,"end":2283.03},{"text":"and","start":2283.03,"end":2283.15},{"text":"what","start":2283.15,"end":2283.31},{"text":"constitutes","start":2283.31,"end":2283.95},{"text":"a","start":2283.95,"end":2283.99},{"text":"reduction","start":2283.99,"end":2284.55},{"text":"or","start":2284.55,"end":2284.63},{"text":"removal","start":2284.63,"end":2285.11},{"text":"of","start":2285.11,"end":2285.19},{"text":"the","start":2285.19,"end":2285.31},{"text":"ability","start":2285.31,"end":2285.91},{"text":"to","start":2285.91,"end":2286.15},{"text":"enjoy","start":2286.63,"end":2287.03},{"text":"human","start":2287.03,"end":2287.39},{"text":"rights","start":2287.39,"end":2287.75},{"text":"when","start":2287.75,"end":2287.91},{"text":"talking","start":2287.91,"end":2288.23},{"text":"about","start":2288.23,"end":2288.47},{"text":"harms","start":2288.47,"end":2288.87},{"text":"from","start":2288.87,"end":2289.07},{"text":"businesses.","start":2289.07,"end":2289.83}]},{"text":"That raises key questions about the conduct that we would want to regulate.","start":2290.31,"end":2295.79,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2290.31,"end":2290.63},{"text":"raises","start":2290.63,"end":2290.95},{"text":"key","start":2290.95,"end":2291.19},{"text":"questions","start":2291.19,"end":2291.67},{"text":"about","start":2291.67,"end":2291.83},{"text":"the","start":2291.83,"end":2291.95},{"text":"conduct","start":2291.95,"end":2292.63},{"text":"that","start":2292.71,"end":2292.95},{"text":"we","start":2292.95,"end":2293.51},{"text":"would","start":2293.63,"end":2293.83},{"text":"want","start":2294.07,"end":2294.55},{"text":"to","start":2294.63,"end":2295.07},{"text":"regulate.","start":2295.07,"end":2295.79}]},{"text":"Is it essentially conduct that would be a violation if the state was the duty holder, or is it a lower threshold?","start":2296.07,"end":2301.83,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Is","start":2296.07,"end":2296.23},{"text":"it","start":2296.23,"end":2296.43},{"text":"essentially","start":2296.43,"end":2297.03},{"text":"conduct","start":2297.03,"end":2297.47},{"text":"that","start":2297.47,"end":2297.59},{"text":"would","start":2297.59,"end":2297.71},{"text":"be","start":2297.71,"end":2297.99},{"text":"a","start":2297.99,"end":2298.07},{"text":"violation","start":2298.07,"end":2298.67},{"text":"if","start":2298.67,"end":2298.75},{"text":"the","start":2298.75,"end":2298.83},{"text":"state","start":2298.87,"end":2299.11},{"text":"was","start":2299.11,"end":2299.27},{"text":"the","start":2299.27,"end":2299.35},{"text":"duty","start":2299.35,"end":2299.67},{"text":"holder,","start":2299.67,"end":2300.07},{"text":"or","start":2300.47,"end":2300.67},{"text":"is","start":2300.67,"end":2300.79},{"text":"it","start":2300.79,"end":2300.91},{"text":"a","start":2300.91,"end":2300.95},{"text":"lower","start":2300.95,"end":2301.19},{"text":"threshold?","start":2301.19,"end":2301.83}]},{"text":"For example, when considering qualified rights, are there qualifications and would proportionality come into play?","start":2302.43,"end":2308.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":2302.43,"end":2302.55},{"text":"example,","start":2302.55,"end":2303.03},{"text":"when","start":2303.03,"end":2303.19},{"text":"considering","start":2303.19,"end":2303.67},{"text":"qualified","start":2303.67,"end":2304.23},{"text":"rights,","start":2304.23,"end":2304.55},{"text":"are","start":2304.63,"end":2304.79},{"text":"there","start":2305.03,"end":2305.43},{"text":"qualifications","start":2306.07,"end":2306.99},{"text":"and","start":2306.99,"end":2307.15},{"text":"would","start":2307.15,"end":2307.27},{"text":"proportionality","start":2307.27,"end":2308.11},{"text":"come","start":2308.11,"end":2308.31},{"text":"into","start":2308.31,"end":2308.55},{"text":"play?","start":2308.55,"end":2308.95}]},{"text":"Also, we query if we need the phrase \"the ability\" before \"to enjoy\".","start":2310.31,"end":2314.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Also,","start":2310.31,"end":2310.63},{"text":"we","start":2310.63,"end":2310.79},{"text":"query","start":2310.79,"end":2311.23},{"text":"if","start":2311.23,"end":2311.31},{"text":"we","start":2311.31,"end":2311.43},{"text":"need","start":2311.43,"end":2311.59},{"text":"the","start":2311.59,"end":2311.71},{"text":"phrase","start":2311.71,"end":2312.07},{"text":"\"the","start":2312.07,"end":2312.23},{"text":"ability\"","start":2312.63,"end":2313.35},{"text":"before","start":2313.35,"end":2313.95},{"text":"\"to","start":2313.99,"end":2314.35},{"text":"enjoy\".","start":2314.35,"end":2314.87}]},{"text":"Could we simply say \"to enjoy\"?","start":2314.87,"end":2316.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Could","start":2314.87,"end":2315.07},{"text":"we","start":2315.07,"end":2315.19},{"text":"simply","start":2315.19,"end":2315.51},{"text":"say","start":2315.51,"end":2315.75},{"text":"\"to","start":2315.75,"end":2316.39},{"text":"enjoy\"?","start":2316.47,"end":2316.95}]},{"text":"Furthermore, the addition of groups of persons and affected communities in that paragraph also suggests that human rights can be held collectively, which is not an accurate reflection of current international human rights law in the UK's view and in line with comments that we made yesterday.","start":2318.51,"end":2331.91,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and 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Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}},{"statement_number":11,"start":2331.91,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=38:52","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the United Kingdom.","start":2331.91,"end":2340.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2331.91,"end":2331.95},{"text":"thank","start":2331.95,"end":2332.35},{"text":"the","start":2337.55,"end":2337.71},{"text":"United","start":2339.47,"end":2340.27},{"text":"Kingdom.","start":2340.27,"end":2340.75}]},{"text":"Any other state wishing to take the floor?","start":2345.31,"end":2347.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":2345.31,"end":2345.51},{"text":"other","start":2345.51,"end":2345.95},{"text":"state","start":2345.95,"end":2346.51},{"text":"wishing","start":2346.51,"end":2346.83},{"text":"to","start":2346.83,"end":2347.03},{"text":"take","start":2347.03,"end":2347.15},{"text":"the","start":2347.15,"end":2347.23},{"text":"floor?","start":2347.23,"end":2347.63}]},{"text":"That does not seem to be the case.","start":2350.35,"end":2352.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2350.35,"end":2350.59},{"text":"does","start":2350.59,"end":2350.83},{"text":"not","start":2350.83,"end":2350.99},{"text":"seem","start":2350.99,"end":2351.23},{"text":"to","start":2351.23,"end":2351.35},{"text":"be","start":2351.35,"end":2351.47},{"text":"the","start":2351.47,"end":2351.63},{"text":"case.","start":2351.63,"end":2352.11}]},{"text":"We will now continue with the statements of representatives of civil society and other relevant stakeholders.","start":2355.63,"end":2364.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2355.63,"end":2355.87},{"text":"will","start":2355.87,"end":2356.07},{"text":"now","start":2356.07,"end":2356.43},{"text":"continue","start":2356.51,"end":2357.31},{"text":"with","start":2357.31,"end":2357.59},{"text":"the","start":2357.59,"end":2357.67},{"text":"statements","start":2357.67,"end":2358.67},{"text":"of","start":2360.55,"end":2360.83},{"text":"representatives","start":2360.83,"end":2361.47},{"text":"of","start":2361.75,"end":2361.95},{"text":"civil","start":2361.95,"end":2362.19},{"text":"society","start":2362.19,"end":2362.63},{"text":"and","start":2362.63,"end":2362.79},{"text":"other","start":2362.79,"end":2362.95},{"text":"relevant","start":2362.95,"end":2363.31},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":2363.31,"end":2364.35}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Alliance Defending Freedom.","start":2364.83,"end":2367.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2364.83,"end":2365.07},{"text":"give","start":2365.07,"end":2365.19},{"text":"the","start":2365.19,"end":2365.31},{"text":"floor","start":2365.31,"end":2365.63},{"text":"to","start":2365.63,"end":2365.87},{"text":"Alliance","start":2365.87,"end":2366.43},{"text":"Defending","start":2366.43,"end":2366.99},{"text":"Freedom.","start":2366.99,"end":2367.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":12,"start":2368.71,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=39:29","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chair Rapporteur, definitions determine the scope of States Parties' obligations and so must meet the requirements of legal certainty and determinacy.","start":2368.71,"end":2376.47,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":2368.71,"end":2369.03},{"text":"Chair","start":2369.03,"end":2369.23},{"text":"Rapporteur,","start":2369.23,"end":2369.83},{"text":"definitions","start":2370.15,"end":2370.67},{"text":"determine","start":2370.67,"end":2371.11},{"text":"the","start":2371.11,"end":2371.23},{"text":"scope","start":2371.23,"end":2371.55},{"text":"of","start":2371.55,"end":2371.67},{"text":"States","start":2371.67,"end":2371.99},{"text":"Parties'","start":2371.99,"end":2372.39},{"text":"obligations","start":2372.39,"end":2373.11},{"text":"and","start":2373.11,"end":2373.23},{"text":"so","start":2373.23,"end":2373.43},{"text":"must","start":2373.43,"end":2373.75},{"text":"meet","start":2373.75,"end":2373.91},{"text":"the","start":2373.91,"end":2373.99},{"text":"requirements","start":2373.99,"end":2374.67},{"text":"of","start":2374.67,"end":2374.75},{"text":"legal","start":2374.75,"end":2375.03},{"text":"certainty","start":2375.03,"end":2375.67},{"text":"and","start":2375.67,"end":2375.79},{"text":"determinacy.","start":2375.79,"end":2376.47}]},{"text":"In our assessment, the definition of adverse human rights impact does not.","start":2376.87,"end":2380.39,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2376.87,"end":2377.07},{"text":"our","start":2377.07,"end":2377.19},{"text":"assessment,","start":2377.19,"end":2377.75},{"text":"the","start":2377.75,"end":2377.87},{"text":"definition","start":2377.87,"end":2378.35},{"text":"of","start":2378.35,"end":2378.47},{"text":"adverse","start":2378.47,"end":2378.83},{"text":"human","start":2378.83,"end":2379.11},{"text":"rights","start":2379.11,"end":2379.35},{"text":"impact","start":2379.35,"end":2379.75},{"text":"does","start":2379.75,"end":2379.99},{"text":"not.","start":2379.99,"end":2380.39}]},{"text":"First, it does not clarify how severe a reduction in a person's ability to enjoy human rights must be, or whether the conduct must be wrongful to qualify as an adverse impact.","start":2380.83,"end":2390.43,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. 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This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":2420.11,"end":2420.59},{"text":"the","start":2420.75,"end":2420.91},{"text":"proposed","start":2420.91,"end":2421.39},{"text":"extension","start":2421.39,"end":2422.03},{"text":"to","start":2422.03,"end":2422.15},{"text":"group","start":2422.15,"end":2422.47},{"text":"of","start":2422.47,"end":2422.59},{"text":"persons","start":2422.59,"end":2423.23},{"text":"and","start":2423.23,"end":2423.47},{"text":"affected","start":2423.47,"end":2423.91},{"text":"communities","start":2423.91,"end":2424.67},{"text":"risks","start":2424.83,"end":2425.23},{"text":"detaching","start":2425.23,"end":2425.87},{"text":"the","start":2425.87,"end":2425.99},{"text":"definition","start":2425.99,"end":2426.59},{"text":"from","start":2426.59,"end":2426.91},{"text":"concrete","start":2426.91,"end":2427.47},{"text":"individualized","start":2427.47,"end":2428.27},{"text":"harm.","start":2428.27,"end":2428.67}]},{"text":"If left unresolved, such imprecision can create a perverse incentive for business enterprises to adopt overly restrictive compliance measures that may curtail the very human rights and fundamental freedoms the instrument seeks to protect.","start":2429.27,"end":2442.63,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international 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account the proposals for a comprehensive reformulation of Article 1.3, we therefore recommend deleting Article 1.2, as several delegations have previously 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University.","start":2471.07,"end":2474.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2471.07,"end":2471.15},{"text":"give","start":2471.15,"end":2471.35},{"text":"the","start":2471.35,"end":2471.47},{"text":"floor","start":2471.47,"end":2472.03},{"text":"to","start":2472.03,"end":2472.35},{"text":"Georgetown","start":2472.75,"end":2473.63},{"text":"University.","start":2473.63,"end":2474.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":14,"start":2477.75,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=41:18","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair and distinguished delegates.","start":2477.75,"end":2479.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2477.75,"end":2477.91},{"text":"you,","start":2477.95,"end":2478.03},{"text":"Chair","start":2478.03,"end":2478.51},{"text":"and","start":2478.51,"end":2478.71},{"text":"distinguished","start":2478.71,"end":2479.23},{"text":"delegates.","start":2479.23,"end":2479.87}]},{"text":"This is a statement by Helena Stefanou-Steka of Georgetown University on behalf of Change the Law Limited.","start":2479.87,"end":2484.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2479.87,"end":2480.15},{"text":"is","start":2480.15,"end":2480.27},{"text":"a","start":2480.27,"end":2480.35},{"text":"statement","start":2480.35,"end":2480.79},{"text":"by","start":2480.79,"end":2480.91},{"text":"Helena","start":2480.91,"end":2481.27},{"text":"Stefanou-Steka","start":2481.27,"end":2481.99},{"text":"of","start":2481.99,"end":2482.11},{"text":"Georgetown","start":2482.11,"end":2482.55},{"text":"University","start":2482.55,"end":2483.15},{"text":"on","start":2483.15,"end":2483.31},{"text":"behalf","start":2483.31,"end":2483.63},{"text":"of","start":2483.63,"end":2483.79},{"text":"Change","start":2483.79,"end":2484.03},{"text":"the","start":2484.03,"end":2484.15},{"text":"Law","start":2484.19,"end":2484.27},{"text":"Limited.","start":2484.27,"end":2484.91}]},{"text":"Change the Law agrees with the Chair's proposals and also agrees with the legal expert's previous non-paper that this definition should include the right to a healthy environment.","start":2485.31,"end":2494.51,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. 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This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and 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you, Chair.","start":2512.63,"end":2513.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2512.63,"end":2512.91},{"text":"you,","start":2512.91,"end":2513.03},{"text":"Chair.","start":2513.03,"end":2513.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Georgetown University","group":"Change the Law Limited","function":null,"affiliation_full":"Georgetown University"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":2518.79,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=41:59","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2518.79,"end":2519.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2518.79,"end":2518.99},{"text":"you","start":2518.99,"end":2519.07},{"text":"very","start":2519.07,"end":2519.27},{"text":"much.","start":2519.27,"end":2519.59}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the International Organization of Employers.","start":2521.19,"end":2526.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2521.19,"end":2521.35},{"text":"give","start":2521.35,"end":2521.59},{"text":"the","start":2521.59,"end":2521.71},{"text":"floor","start":2521.71,"end":2522.39},{"text":"to","start":2522.39,"end":2522.79},{"text":"the","start":2522.79,"end":2523.07},{"text":"International","start":2523.79,"end":2524.59},{"text":"Organization","start":2524.59,"end":2525.39},{"text":"of","start":2525.39,"end":2525.71},{"text":"Employers.","start":2525.71,"end":2526.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":16,"start":2528.55,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=42:09","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":2528.55,"end":2529.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2528.55,"end":2528.79},{"text":"you,","start":2528.79,"end":2528.91},{"text":"Chair.","start":2528.91,"end":2529.31}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of IOE and USCIB.","start":2529.31,"end":2531.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2529.31,"end":2529.47},{"text":"speak","start":2529.47,"end":2529.79},{"text":"on","start":2529.83,"end":2529.91},{"text":"behalf","start":2529.91,"end":2530.35},{"text":"of","start":2530.39,"end":2530.51},{"text":"IOE","start":2530.51,"end":2530.95},{"text":"and","start":2530.95,"end":2531.07},{"text":"USCIB.","start":2531.07,"end":2531.79}]},{"text":"We have supported this definition in its current form, which is known and understood by states, business, and other stakeholders.","start":2532.35,"end":2539.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2532.35,"end":2532.55},{"text":"have","start":2532.55,"end":2532.67},{"text":"supported","start":2532.67,"end":2533.27},{"text":"this","start":2533.27,"end":2533.47},{"text":"definition","start":2533.47,"end":2534.11},{"text":"in","start":2534.11,"end":2534.27},{"text":"its","start":2534.27,"end":2534.43},{"text":"current","start":2534.43,"end":2534.75},{"text":"form,","start":2534.75,"end":2535.15},{"text":"which","start":2535.19,"end":2535.47},{"text":"is","start":2535.47,"end":2535.63},{"text":"known","start":2535.63,"end":2535.95},{"text":"and","start":2535.95,"end":2536.11},{"text":"understood","start":2536.11,"end":2536.75},{"text":"by","start":2536.75,"end":2536.91},{"text":"states,","start":2536.91,"end":2537.55},{"text":"business,","start":2537.55,"end":2538.07},{"text":"and","start":2538.07,"end":2538.27},{"text":"other","start":2538.27,"end":2538.43},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":2538.43,"end":2539.15}]},{"text":"The Chair's background notes that the current set of definitions appears to function adequately.","start":2539.79,"end":2545.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2539.79,"end":2539.91},{"text":"Chair's","start":2539.95,"end":2540.27},{"text":"background","start":2540.27,"end":2540.99},{"text":"notes","start":2541.55,"end":2541.87},{"text":"that","start":2541.87,"end":2542.07},{"text":"the","start":2542.07,"end":2542.19},{"text":"current","start":2542.19,"end":2542.55},{"text":"set","start":2542.55,"end":2542.75},{"text":"of","start":2542.75,"end":2542.83},{"text":"definitions","start":2542.83,"end":2543.47},{"text":"appears","start":2543.47,"end":2543.87},{"text":"to","start":2543.87,"end":2543.99},{"text":"function","start":2544.03,"end":2544.43},{"text":"adequately.","start":2544.43,"end":2545.07}]},{"text":"We are therefore not supportive of the redrafting as it stands for three reasons.","start":2545.55,"end":2549.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2545.55,"end":2545.71},{"text":"are","start":2545.71,"end":2545.79},{"text":"therefore","start":2545.79,"end":2546.11},{"text":"not","start":2546.11,"end":2546.39},{"text":"supportive","start":2546.39,"end":2546.83},{"text":"of","start":2546.83,"end":2546.91},{"text":"the","start":2546.91,"end":2547.07},{"text":"redrafting","start":2547.07,"end":2547.71},{"text":"as","start":2547.71,"end":2547.79},{"text":"it","start":2547.79,"end":2547.95},{"text":"stands","start":2547.95,"end":2548.43},{"text":"for","start":2548.43,"end":2548.59},{"text":"three","start":2548.59,"end":2548.75},{"text":"reasons.","start":2548.75,"end":2549.31}]},{"text":"First, we are concerned by the deletion of \"internationally recognized.\"","start":2550.03,"end":2553.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":2550.03,"end":2550.51},{"text":"we","start":2550.51,"end":2550.67},{"text":"are","start":2550.67,"end":2550.75},{"text":"concerned","start":2550.75,"end":2551.19},{"text":"by","start":2551.19,"end":2551.31},{"text":"the","start":2551.31,"end":2551.43},{"text":"deletion","start":2551.43,"end":2551.87},{"text":"of","start":2551.87,"end":2552.03},{"text":"\"internationally","start":2552.03,"end":2552.63},{"text":"recognized.\"","start":2552.63,"end":2553.39}]},{"text":"This removes the anchor to UN Guiding Principles 12, under which the responsibility to respect refers to internationally recognized human rights.","start":2553.71,"end":2562.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2553.71,"end":2554.03},{"text":"removes","start":2554.03,"end":2554.43},{"text":"the","start":2554.43,"end":2554.55},{"text":"anchor","start":2554.59,"end":2554.99},{"text":"to","start":2554.99,"end":2555.19},{"text":"UN","start":2555.19,"end":2555.55},{"text":"Guiding","start":2555.55,"end":2555.79},{"text":"Principles","start":2555.79,"end":2556.43},{"text":"12,","start":2556.43,"end":2556.83},{"text":"under","start":2556.99,"end":2557.23},{"text":"which","start":2557.23,"end":2557.55},{"text":"the","start":2557.55,"end":2557.63},{"text":"responsibility","start":2557.63,"end":2558.43},{"text":"to","start":2558.43,"end":2558.55},{"text":"respect","start":2558.55,"end":2559.07},{"text":"refers","start":2559.07,"end":2559.55},{"text":"to","start":2559.55,"end":2559.67},{"text":"internationally","start":2559.67,"end":2561.55},{"text":"recognized","start":2561.71,"end":2562.31},{"text":"human","start":2562.31,"end":2562.59},{"text":"rights.","start":2562.59,"end":2562.99}]},{"text":"Without it, the definition would refer to any human right, opening the door to diverging interpretations across jurisdictions and to rights that lack an agreed definition in a legally binding treaty.","start":2563.39,"end":2574.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":2563.39,"end":2564.19},{"text":"it,","start":2564.19,"end":2564.51},{"text":"the","start":2564.51,"end":2564.63},{"text":"definition","start":2564.63,"end":2565.31},{"text":"would","start":2565.31,"end":2565.51},{"text":"refer","start":2565.51,"end":2565.87},{"text":"to","start":2565.87,"end":2566.03},{"text":"any","start":2566.03,"end":2566.23},{"text":"human","start":2566.23,"end":2566.59},{"text":"right,","start":2566.59,"end":2566.83},{"text":"opening","start":2567.15,"end":2567.55},{"text":"the","start":2567.55,"end":2567.67},{"text":"door","start":2567.67,"end":2567.95},{"text":"to","start":2567.95,"end":2568.07},{"text":"diverging","start":2568.07,"end":2568.63},{"text":"interpretations","start":2568.63,"end":2569.55},{"text":"across","start":2569.55,"end":2569.83},{"text":"jurisdictions","start":2569.83,"end":2570.67},{"text":"and","start":2570.91,"end":2571.11},{"text":"to","start":2571.11,"end":2571.19},{"text":"rights","start":2571.19,"end":2571.63},{"text":"that","start":2571.63,"end":2571.87},{"text":"lack","start":2571.87,"end":2572.15},{"text":"an","start":2572.15,"end":2572.23},{"text":"agreed","start":2572.23,"end":2572.55},{"text":"definition","start":2572.55,"end":2573.23},{"text":"in","start":2573.23,"end":2573.43},{"text":"a","start":2573.43,"end":2573.47},{"text":"legally","start":2573.47,"end":2573.83},{"text":"binding","start":2573.83,"end":2574.19},{"text":"treaty.","start":2574.19,"end":2574.59}]},{"text":"Second, we note that the reference to harm arising in the context of business activities brings some precision by linking the definition to business activities.","start":2575.27,"end":2583.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":2575.27,"end":2575.59},{"text":"we","start":2575.75,"end":2575.95},{"text":"note","start":2575.95,"end":2576.11},{"text":"that","start":2576.11,"end":2576.23},{"text":"the","start":2576.23,"end":2576.31},{"text":"reference","start":2576.31,"end":2576.95},{"text":"to","start":2576.95,"end":2577.07},{"text":"harm","start":2577.07,"end":2577.51},{"text":"arising","start":2577.51,"end":2578.07},{"text":"in","start":2578.07,"end":2578.23},{"text":"the","start":2578.23,"end":2578.35},{"text":"context","start":2578.35,"end":2578.79},{"text":"of","start":2578.79,"end":2578.91},{"text":"business","start":2578.91,"end":2579.23},{"text":"activities","start":2579.23,"end":2579.91},{"text":"brings","start":2580.15,"end":2580.59},{"text":"some","start":2580.59,"end":2580.87},{"text":"precision","start":2580.87,"end":2581.51},{"text":"by","start":2581.67,"end":2581.83},{"text":"linking","start":2581.87,"end":2582.15},{"text":"the","start":2582.15,"end":2582.27},{"text":"definition","start":2582.27,"end":2582.87},{"text":"to","start":2582.87,"end":2583.03},{"text":"business","start":2583.03,"end":2583.35},{"text":"activities.","start":2583.35,"end":2583.99}]},{"text":"However, it does not establish a causal link.","start":2584.23,"end":2587.03,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":2584.23,"end":2584.87},{"text":"it","start":2585.11,"end":2585.23},{"text":"does","start":2585.23,"end":2585.43},{"text":"not","start":2585.43,"end":2585.67},{"text":"establish","start":2585.67,"end":2586.23},{"text":"a","start":2586.23,"end":2586.31},{"text":"causal","start":2586.31,"end":2586.67},{"text":"link.","start":2586.67,"end":2587.03}]},{"text":"Any harm occurring around the business activity could still fall within scope.","start":2587.35,"end":2591.19,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":2587.35,"end":2587.67},{"text":"harm","start":2587.67,"end":2587.99},{"text":"occurring","start":2587.99,"end":2588.47},{"text":"around","start":2588.47,"end":2588.75},{"text":"the","start":2588.75,"end":2588.83},{"text":"business","start":2588.83,"end":2589.15},{"text":"activity","start":2589.15,"end":2589.67},{"text":"could","start":2589.67,"end":2589.91},{"text":"still","start":2589.91,"end":2590.23},{"text":"fall","start":2590.23,"end":2590.47},{"text":"within","start":2590.47,"end":2590.79},{"text":"scope.","start":2590.79,"end":2591.19}]},{"text":"In line with the UNGPs, the definition should refer to impacts that a business causes or contributes to.","start":2591.67,"end":2597.91,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2591.67,"end":2591.83},{"text":"line","start":2591.83,"end":2592.15},{"text":"with","start":2592.15,"end":2592.35},{"text":"the","start":2592.35,"end":2592.63},{"text":"UNGPs,","start":2592.71,"end":2593.23},{"text":"the","start":2593.23,"end":2593.31},{"text":"definition","start":2593.31,"end":2593.91},{"text":"should","start":2593.91,"end":2594.07},{"text":"refer","start":2594.07,"end":2594.39},{"text":"to","start":2594.39,"end":2594.55},{"text":"impacts","start":2594.55,"end":2595.11},{"text":"that","start":2595.11,"end":2595.51},{"text":"a","start":2595.83,"end":2595.87},{"text":"business","start":2595.87,"end":2596.39},{"text":"causes","start":2596.39,"end":2596.95},{"text":"or","start":2596.95,"end":2597.11},{"text":"contributes","start":2597.11,"end":2597.75},{"text":"to.","start":2597.75,"end":2597.91}]},{"text":"Third, the extension to groups of persons and affected communities further widens the circle of potential claims and adds to the uncertainty as to who may bring a claim and on what basis.","start":2598.71,"end":2609.19,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":2598.71,"end":2599.03},{"text":"the","start":2599.11,"end":2599.23},{"text":"extension","start":2599.27,"end":2599.83},{"text":"to","start":2599.83,"end":2599.99},{"text":"groups","start":2599.99,"end":2600.35},{"text":"of","start":2600.35,"end":2600.47},{"text":"persons","start":2600.47,"end":2600.91},{"text":"and","start":2601.07,"end":2601.23},{"text":"affected","start":2601.23,"end":2601.59},{"text":"communities","start":2601.59,"end":2602.31},{"text":"further","start":2602.31,"end":2602.63},{"text":"widens","start":2602.63,"end":2603.15},{"text":"the","start":2603.15,"end":2603.27},{"text":"circle","start":2603.27,"end":2603.63},{"text":"of","start":2603.63,"end":2603.75},{"text":"potential","start":2603.75,"end":2604.19},{"text":"claims","start":2604.23,"end":2604.71},{"text":"and","start":2605.03,"end":2605.23},{"text":"adds","start":2605.23,"end":2605.51},{"text":"to","start":2605.51,"end":2605.67},{"text":"the","start":2605.67,"end":2605.75},{"text":"uncertainty","start":2605.91,"end":2606.71},{"text":"as","start":2606.71,"end":2606.87},{"text":"to","start":2606.87,"end":2607.03},{"text":"who","start":2607.03,"end":2607.19},{"text":"may","start":2607.19,"end":2607.39},{"text":"bring","start":2607.39,"end":2607.67},{"text":"a","start":2607.67,"end":2607.71},{"text":"claim","start":2607.71,"end":2608.07},{"text":"and","start":2608.07,"end":2608.27},{"text":"on","start":2608.27,"end":2608.39},{"text":"what","start":2608.39,"end":2608.63},{"text":"basis.","start":2608.63,"end":2609.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"IOE","group":"IOE and USCIB","function":null,"affiliation_full":"IOE"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":2609.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=43:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":2609.35,"end":2614.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2609.35,"end":2609.59},{"text":"you.","start":2614.15,"end":2614.31}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2614.87,"end":2615.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2614.87,"end":2615.07},{"text":"you","start":2615.07,"end":2615.15},{"text":"very","start":2615.15,"end":2615.35},{"text":"much.","start":2615.35,"end":2615.75}]},{"text":"I give the floor to International Trade Union Federation, Confederation.","start":2616.31,"end":2622.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2616.31,"end":2616.39},{"text":"give","start":2616.39,"end":2616.59},{"text":"the","start":2616.59,"end":2616.71},{"text":"floor","start":2616.71,"end":2617.27},{"text":"to","start":2617.35,"end":2617.91},{"text":"International","start":2618.55,"end":2619.51},{"text":"Trade","start":2619.51,"end":2620.15},{"text":"Union","start":2620.15,"end":2620.71},{"text":"Federation,","start":2620.71,"end":2621.51},{"text":"Confederation.","start":2621.91,"end":2622.79}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":18,"start":2624.51,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=43:45","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":2624.51,"end":2625.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2624.51,"end":2624.71},{"text":"you,","start":2624.71,"end":2624.79},{"text":"Chair.","start":2624.79,"end":2625.27}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of the Global Labour Movement.","start":2626.43,"end":2628.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2626.43,"end":2626.59},{"text":"speak","start":2626.59,"end":2626.91},{"text":"on","start":2626.91,"end":2626.99},{"text":"behalf","start":2626.99,"end":2627.39},{"text":"of","start":2627.39,"end":2627.47},{"text":"the","start":2627.47,"end":2627.63},{"text":"Global","start":2627.63,"end":2627.99},{"text":"Labour","start":2627.99,"end":2628.31},{"text":"Movement.","start":2628.31,"end":2628.91}]},{"text":"Chair, we can broadly support the suggested drafting changes to Article 1.2.","start":2629.71,"end":2634.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":2629.71,"end":2630.03},{"text":"we","start":2630.27,"end":2630.43},{"text":"can","start":2630.43,"end":2630.59},{"text":"broadly","start":2630.59,"end":2630.99},{"text":"support","start":2630.99,"end":2631.43},{"text":"the","start":2631.43,"end":2631.55},{"text":"suggested","start":2631.55,"end":2632.07},{"text":"drafting","start":2632.07,"end":2632.51},{"text":"changes","start":2632.51,"end":2632.91},{"text":"to","start":2632.91,"end":2633.15},{"text":"Article","start":2633.15,"end":2633.63},{"text":"1.2.","start":2633.63,"end":2634.43}]},{"text":"However, we will have further comments on the concept of human rights abuse as it is linked with business activities at the appropriate time.","start":2635.15,"end":2643.47,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":2635.15,"end":2635.79},{"text":"we","start":2635.95,"end":2636.15},{"text":"will","start":2636.15,"end":2636.35},{"text":"have","start":2636.35,"end":2636.59},{"text":"further","start":2636.59,"end":2637.07},{"text":"comments","start":2637.07,"end":2637.71},{"text":"on","start":2637.71,"end":2637.87},{"text":"the","start":2637.87,"end":2637.95},{"text":"concept","start":2637.95,"end":2638.39},{"text":"of","start":2638.39,"end":2638.51},{"text":"human","start":2638.51,"end":2638.83},{"text":"rights","start":2638.83,"end":2639.15},{"text":"abuse","start":2639.15,"end":2639.63},{"text":"as","start":2640.03,"end":2640.15},{"text":"it","start":2640.19,"end":2640.35},{"text":"is","start":2640.35,"end":2640.51},{"text":"linked","start":2640.51,"end":2641.07},{"text":"with","start":2641.15,"end":2641.39},{"text":"business","start":2641.39,"end":2641.79},{"text":"activities","start":2641.79,"end":2642.31},{"text":"at","start":2642.43,"end":2642.51},{"text":"the","start":2642.51,"end":2642.59},{"text":"appropriate","start":2642.59,"end":2643.15},{"text":"time.","start":2643.15,"end":2643.47}]},{"text":"Chair, we particularly appreciate the consequential amendment to the Chair proposal on the definition of victim to include groups of persons or affected communities.","start":2644.27,"end":2654.35,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":2644.27,"end":2644.67},{"text":"we","start":2645.15,"end":2645.35},{"text":"particularly","start":2645.35,"end":2645.95},{"text":"appreciate","start":2645.95,"end":2646.67},{"text":"the","start":2646.67,"end":2646.87},{"text":"consequential","start":2646.87,"end":2647.55},{"text":"amendment","start":2647.55,"end":2648.15},{"text":"to","start":2648.15,"end":2648.23},{"text":"the","start":2648.23,"end":2648.35},{"text":"Chair","start":2648.35,"end":2648.67},{"text":"proposal","start":2648.67,"end":2649.27},{"text":"on","start":2649.27,"end":2649.39},{"text":"the","start":2649.39,"end":2649.47},{"text":"definition","start":2649.47,"end":2649.99},{"text":"of","start":2649.99,"end":2650.15},{"text":"victim","start":2650.15,"end":2650.67},{"text":"to","start":2651.07,"end":2651.23},{"text":"include","start":2651.23,"end":2651.87},{"text":"groups","start":2651.87,"end":2652.31},{"text":"of","start":2652.31,"end":2652.43},{"text":"persons","start":2652.43,"end":2652.91},{"text":"or","start":2652.91,"end":2653.15},{"text":"affected","start":2653.15,"end":2653.63},{"text":"communities.","start":2653.63,"end":2654.35}]},{"text":"Similarly, we will comment on the questions of internationally recognized human rights under Article 3.3.","start":2654.95,"end":2661.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Similarly,","start":2654.95,"end":2655.67},{"text":"we","start":2655.67,"end":2655.75},{"text":"will","start":2655.75,"end":2656.07},{"text":"comment","start":2656.07,"end":2656.55},{"text":"on","start":2656.55,"end":2656.71},{"text":"the","start":2656.71,"end":2656.79},{"text":"questions","start":2656.79,"end":2657.27},{"text":"of","start":2657.27,"end":2657.35},{"text":"internationally","start":2657.35,"end":2658.07},{"text":"recognized","start":2658.07,"end":2658.71},{"text":"human","start":2658.71,"end":2659.03},{"text":"rights","start":2659.03,"end":2659.43},{"text":"under","start":2659.51,"end":2659.79},{"text":"Article","start":2659.79,"end":2660.19},{"text":"3.3.","start":2660.23,"end":2661.27}]},{"text":"Thank you, 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Setim.","start":2669.83,"end":2671.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2669.83,"end":2669.99},{"text":"give","start":2669.99,"end":2670.11},{"text":"the","start":2670.11,"end":2670.19},{"text":"floor","start":2670.19,"end":2670.39},{"text":"to","start":2670.39,"end":2670.51},{"text":"Setim.","start":2670.51,"end":2671.11}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":20,"start":2674.87,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=44:35","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Chairman.","start":2674.87,"end":2677.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2674.87,"end":2675.19},{"text":"you","start":2675.27,"end":2675.51},{"text":"very","start":2676.39,"end":2676.59},{"text":"much,","start":2676.59,"end":2677.15},{"text":"Chairman.","start":2677.15,"end":2677.51}]},{"text":"My name is Bernardo Cal.","start":2677.51,"end":2679.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":2677.51,"end":2677.59},{"text":"name","start":2677.59,"end":2677.79},{"text":"is","start":2677.79,"end":2677.91},{"text":"Bernardo","start":2677.91,"end":2678.55},{"text":"Cal.","start":2678.55,"end":2679.19}]},{"text":"I am from the Maya Q'eqchi' people in Guatemala, Central America, and representative of the Maya Q'eqchi' people at the regional assembly, and I speak on behalf of CETIM, member of the Global Campaign of Indigenous 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2763.35,"end":2763.59},{"text":"Guatemala,","start":2763.59,"end":2764.51},{"text":"and","start":2764.51,"end":2764.63},{"text":"in","start":2764.63,"end":2764.71},{"text":"particular","start":2764.71,"end":2765.31},{"text":"in","start":2765.31,"end":2765.75},{"text":"the","start":2765.75,"end":2765.95},{"text":"Maya","start":2765.95,"end":2766.31},{"text":"Q'eqchi'","start":2766.31,"end":2767.03},{"text":"territory,","start":2767.03,"end":2768.07},{"text":"transnational","start":2768.55,"end":2769.59},{"text":"companies","start":2769.59,"end":2770.79},{"text":"dealing","start":2773.19,"end":2773.47},{"text":"with","start":2773.47,"end":2773.67},{"text":"mining,","start":2773.67,"end":2774.47},{"text":"monoculture,","start":2774.47,"end":2775.51},{"text":"setting","start":2775.51,"end":2776.15},{"text":"up","start":2776.15,"end":2776.39},{"text":"hydroelectric","start":2776.39,"end":2776.99},{"text":"power","start":2776.99,"end":2777.35},{"text":"plants","start":2777.35,"end":2778.07},{"text":"are","start":2779.27,"end":2779.79},{"text":"moving","start":2782.55,"end":2783.35},{"text":"the","start":2783.35,"end":2783.47},{"text":"rivers,","start":2783.47,"end":2783.83},{"text":"they're","start":2783.83,"end":2783.99},{"text":"diverting","start":2783.99,"end":2784.43},{"text":"the","start":2784.43,"end":2784.51},{"text":"rivers","start":2784.51,"end":2784.95},{"text":"for","start":2784.95,"end":2785.07},{"text":"several","start":2785.35,"end":2786.03},{"text":"kilometres","start":2786.03,"end":2787.19},{"text":"They","start":2787.95,"end":2788.11},{"text":"are","start":2788.11,"end":2788.31},{"text":"worsening","start":2788.31,"end":2788.91},{"text":"our","start":2788.91,"end":2789.03},{"text":"territory.","start":2789.03,"end":2789.67}]},{"text":"They're drying up the riverbeds.","start":2789.67,"end":2791.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":2789.67,"end":2789.83},{"text":"drying","start":2789.83,"end":2790.27},{"text":"up","start":2790.27,"end":2790.35},{"text":"the","start":2790.35,"end":2790.51},{"text":"riverbeds.","start":2790.51,"end":2791.23}]},{"text":"This is a brutal violation of our human rights, the right to life and the right to water, a violation of our culture and our way of life as indigenous peoples.","start":2791.39,"end":2800.91,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2791.39,"end":2791.63},{"text":"is","start":2791.63,"end":2791.95},{"text":"a","start":2791.95,"end":2791.99},{"text":"brutal","start":2791.99,"end":2792.59},{"text":"violation","start":2792.59,"end":2793.15},{"text":"of","start":2793.15,"end":2793.23},{"text":"our","start":2793.23,"end":2793.39},{"text":"human","start":2793.39,"end":2793.71},{"text":"rights,","start":2793.71,"end":2794.15},{"text":"the","start":2794.15,"end":2794.27},{"text":"right","start":2794.27,"end":2794.51},{"text":"to","start":2794.51,"end":2794.59},{"text":"life","start":2794.59,"end":2794.95},{"text":"and","start":2794.95,"end":2795.19},{"text":"the","start":2795.19,"end":2795.31},{"text":"right","start":2795.31,"end":2795.59},{"text":"to","start":2795.59,"end":2795.67},{"text":"water,","start":2795.67,"end":2796.31},{"text":"a","start":2797.15,"end":2797.23},{"text":"violation","start":2797.23,"end":2797.75},{"text":"of","start":2797.75,"end":2797.87},{"text":"our","start":2797.87,"end":2797.95},{"text":"culture","start":2797.95,"end":2798.59},{"text":"and","start":2798.83,"end":2799.11},{"text":"our","start":2799.11,"end":2799.23},{"text":"way","start":2799.23,"end":2799.43},{"text":"of","start":2799.43,"end":2799.55},{"text":"life","start":2799.55,"end":2799.83},{"text":"as","start":2799.83,"end":2799.95},{"text":"indigenous","start":2799.95,"end":2800.43},{"text":"peoples.","start":2800.43,"end":2800.91}]},{"text":"All the more so when the communities are collectively claiming the right, the defense of their rights before the state, the response is to criminalize us, to launch criminal proceedings against us and to imprison us.","start":2800.91,"end":2815.63,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":2800.91,"end":2801.07},{"text":"the","start":2801.07,"end":2801.15},{"text":"more","start":2801.15,"end":2801.35},{"text":"so","start":2801.35,"end":2801.51},{"text":"when","start":2801.51,"end":2801.79},{"text":"the","start":2801.79,"end":2801.87},{"text":"communities","start":2801.87,"end":2802.59},{"text":"are","start":2802.59,"end":2802.67},{"text":"collectively","start":2802.67,"end":2803.47},{"text":"claiming","start":2803.47,"end":2803.95},{"text":"the","start":2803.95,"end":2804.07},{"text":"right,","start":2804.11,"end":2804.59},{"text":"the","start":2804.59,"end":2804.79},{"text":"defense","start":2804.79,"end":2805.07},{"text":"of","start":2805.07,"end":2805.15},{"text":"their","start":2805.15,"end":2805.31},{"text":"rights","start":2805.31,"end":2805.55},{"text":"before","start":2805.55,"end":2805.87},{"text":"the","start":2805.87,"end":2805.95},{"text":"state,","start":2805.95,"end":2806.35},{"text":"the","start":2806.75,"end":2806.87},{"text":"response","start":2806.87,"end":2807.39},{"text":"is","start":2807.39,"end":2807.55},{"text":"to","start":2807.55,"end":2807.63},{"text":"criminalize","start":2807.63,"end":2808.35},{"text":"us,","start":2808.35,"end":2808.75},{"text":"to","start":2810.83,"end":2811.11},{"text":"launch","start":2811.87,"end":2812.27},{"text":"criminal","start":2812.27,"end":2812.63},{"text":"proceedings","start":2812.63,"end":2813.31},{"text":"against","start":2813.31,"end":2813.83},{"text":"us","start":2813.83,"end":2813.95},{"text":"and","start":2813.95,"end":2814.19},{"text":"to","start":2814.19,"end":2814.39},{"text":"imprison","start":2814.51,"end":2815.31},{"text":"us.","start":2815.31,"end":2815.63}]},{"text":"on the basis of false, fabricated evidence.","start":2817.67,"end":2820.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"on","start":2817.67,"end":2817.79},{"text":"the","start":2817.79,"end":2817.87},{"text":"basis","start":2817.87,"end":2818.23},{"text":"of","start":2818.23,"end":2818.31},{"text":"false,","start":2818.31,"end":2818.79},{"text":"fabricated","start":2818.79,"end":2819.43},{"text":"evidence.","start":2819.43,"end":2820.07}]},{"text":"This was my case because I was imprisoned for over four years following a transnational company coming to deviate a sacred river that belonged to my people, the Maya K'iche' people.","start":2820.07,"end":2837.99,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. 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you very much, sir.","start":2930.27,"end":2931.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2930.27,"end":2930.51},{"text":"you","start":2930.51,"end":2930.59},{"text":"very","start":2930.59,"end":2930.75},{"text":"much,","start":2930.75,"end":2930.91},{"text":"sir.","start":2930.91,"end":2931.23}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CETIM","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"CETIM"}},{"statement_number":21,"start":2932.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=48:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":2932.35,"end":2933.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":2932.35,"end":2932.59},{"text":"gracias.","start":2932.59,"end":2933.31}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2934.75,"end":2935.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2934.75,"end":2934.91},{"text":"you","start":2934.91,"end":2934.99},{"text":"very","start":2934.99,"end":2935.23},{"text":"much.","start":2935.23,"end":2935.79}]},{"text":"It was the last speaker on my list.","start":2944.39,"end":2951.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2944.39,"end":2944.91},{"text":"was","start":2945.39,"end":2945.55},{"text":"the","start":2947.39,"end":2947.47},{"text":"last","start":2947.55,"end":2948.11},{"text":"speaker","start":2948.11,"end":2948.83},{"text":"on","start":2950.03,"end":2950.43},{"text":"my","start":2950.43,"end":2950.59},{"text":"list.","start":2950.59,"end":2951.15}]},{"text":"I would like to thank all states and representatives of civil society and other relevant stakeholders for their contributions, and I take due note of all of your 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we will turn to proposal 11, related to the definition of human rights abuse, article 1.3.","start":2964.87,"end":2977.83,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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differentiation contributes to clarifying the conceptual notions of the instrument that reaffirm, clarifies, or establishes different state obligations to regulate the conduct of private entities, keeping in mind that states already have the obligation to guarantee human rights in the face of non-state actors.","start":3100.19,"end":3125.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3100.19,"end":3100.59},{"text":"differentiation","start":3100.75,"end":3102.03},{"text":"contributes","start":3102.83,"end":3103.75},{"text":"to","start":3103.75,"end":3103.87},{"text":"clarifying","start":3103.87,"end":3104.75},{"text":"the","start":3104.75,"end":3104.95},{"text":"conceptual","start":3104.95,"end":3105.63},{"text":"notions","start":3105.63,"end":3106.19},{"text":"of","start":3106.19,"end":3106.35},{"text":"the","start":3106.35,"end":3106.47},{"text":"instrument","start":3106.47,"end":3107.15},{"text":"that","start":3107.39,"end":3107.71},{"text":"reaffirm,","start":3107.71,"end":3108.35},{"text":"clarifies,","start":3108.35,"end":3109.07},{"text":"or","start":3109.07,"end":3109.51},{"text":"establishes","start":3109.51,"end":3110.27},{"text":"different","start":3110.59,"end":3111.23},{"text":"state","start":3111.39,"end":3111.95},{"text":"obligations","start":3112.03,"end":3112.83},{"text":"to","start":3112.83,"end":3113.03},{"text":"regulate","start":3113.03,"end":3113.63},{"text":"the","start":3113.63,"end":3113.87},{"text":"conduct","start":3114.27,"end":3115.07},{"text":"of","start":3115.19,"end":3115.55},{"text":"private","start":3115.95,"end":3116.43},{"text":"entities,","start":3116.43,"end":3117.07},{"text":"keeping","start":3117.07,"end":3117.39},{"text":"in","start":3117.39,"end":3117.55},{"text":"mind","start":3117.55,"end":3117.87},{"text":"that","start":3117.87,"end":3118.43},{"text":"states","start":3118.43,"end":3118.83},{"text":"already","start":3118.83,"end":3119.47},{"text":"have","start":3119.87,"end":3120.03},{"text":"the","start":3120.03,"end":3120.19},{"text":"obligation","start":3120.19,"end":3120.75},{"text":"to","start":3120.75,"end":3120.83},{"text":"guarantee","start":3120.83,"end":3121.63},{"text":"human","start":3121.63,"end":3122.03},{"text":"rights","start":3122.03,"end":3122.43},{"text":"in","start":3122.43,"end":3122.71},{"text":"the","start":3122.71,"end":3122.83},{"text":"face","start":3122.83,"end":3123.19},{"text":"of","start":3123.19,"end":3123.31},{"text":"non-state","start":3123.31,"end":3124.03},{"text":"actors.","start":3124.51,"end":3125.23}]},{"text":"in line with other instruments of customary international law and principles of international law.","start":3126.03,"end":3134.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"in","start":3126.03,"end":3126.19},{"text":"line","start":3126.19,"end":3126.59},{"text":"with","start":3126.59,"end":3126.83},{"text":"other","start":3126.83,"end":3128.15},{"text":"instruments","start":3128.83,"end":3129.63},{"text":"of","start":3129.95,"end":3130.35},{"text":"customary","start":3130.35,"end":3130.91},{"text":"international","start":3130.91,"end":3131.67},{"text":"law","start":3131.67,"end":3131.79},{"text":"and","start":3131.79,"end":3132.27},{"text":"principles","start":3132.27,"end":3132.99},{"text":"of","start":3133.11,"end":3133.31},{"text":"international","start":3133.31,"end":3134.19},{"text":"law.","start":3134.19,"end":3134.27}]},{"text":"For this reason, we took into account articles 2, 5, 8, and 11 of the articles related to the responsibility of states for international wrongful acts and also the 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this basis, the chairperson rapporteur suggested the definition of a human rights abuse as an adverse human rights impact that results from acts or omissions from transnational corporations and other business enterprises, including state and non-state entities that take place in the context of business activities.","start":3155.35,"end":3178.15,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international 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language is refers to the impact defined in article 1.2 and also is in line with the terminology 26/9 of the Human Rights Council and harmonizes the language with the expressions in the context of business activities and of code that is used throughout this text.","start":3179.03,"end":3205.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3179.03,"end":3179.43},{"text":"language","start":3179.43,"end":3180.07},{"text":"is","start":3180.07,"end":3180.23},{"text":"refers","start":3182.23,"end":3182.79},{"text":"to","start":3182.79,"end":3183.19},{"text":"the","start":3183.59,"end":3183.87},{"text":"impact","start":3184.63,"end":3185.35},{"text":"defined","start":3185.35,"end":3185.91},{"text":"in","start":3185.91,"end":3185.99},{"text":"article","start":3185.99,"end":3186.79},{"text":"1.2","start":3187.11,"end":3187.75},{"text":"and","start":3187.83,"end":3188.07},{"text":"also","start":3188.07,"end":3188.35},{"text":"is","start":3188.35,"end":3188.47},{"text":"in","start":3188.47,"end":3188.55},{"text":"line","start":3188.55,"end":3188.95},{"text":"with","start":3188.95,"end":3189.23},{"text":"the","start":3189.23,"end":3189.35},{"text":"terminology","start":3189.35,"end":3190.39},{"text":"26/9","start":3190.87,"end":3192.47},{"text":"of","start":3192.47,"end":3192.67},{"text":"the","start":3192.67,"end":3192.75},{"text":"Human","start":3192.75,"end":3193.03},{"text":"Rights","start":3193.03,"end":3193.19},{"text":"Council","start":3193.19,"end":3193.83},{"text":"and","start":3194.95,"end":3195.27},{"text":"harmonizes","start":3195.27,"end":3196.23},{"text":"the","start":3196.23,"end":3196.43},{"text":"language","start":3196.43,"end":3196.95},{"text":"with","start":3196.95,"end":3197.15},{"text":"the","start":3197.15,"end":3197.23},{"text":"expressions","start":3197.23,"end":3198.31},{"text":"in","start":3199.27,"end":3199.67},{"text":"the","start":3199.83,"end":3200.07},{"text":"context","start":3200.07,"end":3200.79},{"text":"of","start":3200.79,"end":3201.03},{"text":"business","start":3201.03,"end":3201.51},{"text":"activities","start":3201.51,"end":3202.23},{"text":"and","start":3202.23,"end":3202.43},{"text":"of","start":3202.43,"end":3202.55},{"text":"code","start":3202.55,"end":3203.11},{"text":"that","start":3203.43,"end":3203.91},{"text":"is","start":3203.91,"end":3204.15},{"text":"used","start":3204.15,"end":3204.43},{"text":"throughout","start":3204.43,"end":3204.79},{"text":"this","start":3204.79,"end":3205.03},{"text":"text.","start":3205.03,"end":3205.51}]},{"text":"Now with this introduction, I would like to open the floor.","start":3206.71,"end":3209.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":3206.71,"end":3206.87},{"text":"with","start":3206.87,"end":3206.99},{"text":"this","start":3206.99,"end":3207.11},{"text":"introduction,","start":3207.11,"end":3207.83},{"text":"I","start":3207.83,"end":3207.95},{"text":"would","start":3207.95,"end":3208.07},{"text":"like","start":3208.07,"end":3208.31},{"text":"to","start":3208.31,"end":3208.43},{"text":"open","start":3208.43,"end":3208.63},{"text":"the","start":3208.63,"end":3208.71},{"text":"floor.","start":3208.71,"end":3209.19}]},{"text":"And first, I would like to give the floor to states that would like to make comments to the proposal number 11 related to amendments proposed to Article 1.3.","start":3210.35,"end":3237.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3210.35,"end":3210.59},{"text":"first,","start":3210.59,"end":3211.23},{"text":"I","start":3211.23,"end":3211.31},{"text":"would","start":3211.31,"end":3211.43},{"text":"like","start":3211.43,"end":3211.63},{"text":"to","start":3211.63,"end":3211.75},{"text":"give","start":3211.75,"end":3211.91},{"text":"the","start":3211.91,"end":3212.03},{"text":"floor","start":3212.03,"end":3212.35},{"text":"to","start":3212.35,"end":3212.47},{"text":"states","start":3212.47,"end":3213.15},{"text":"that","start":3213.23,"end":3213.71},{"text":"would","start":3213.71,"end":3213.95},{"text":"like","start":3213.95,"end":3214.35},{"text":"to","start":3214.35,"end":3214.63},{"text":"make","start":3214.63,"end":3214.95},{"text":"comments","start":3214.95,"end":3215.47},{"text":"to","start":3216.35,"end":3216.51},{"text":"the","start":3216.51,"end":3216.67},{"text":"proposal","start":3216.67,"end":3217.63},{"text":"number","start":3218.51,"end":3218.87},{"text":"11","start":3218.87,"end":3219.39},{"text":"related","start":3219.71,"end":3220.43},{"text":"to","start":3220.43,"end":3221.07},{"text":"amendments","start":3221.07,"end":3221.95},{"text":"proposed","start":3222.67,"end":3223.39},{"text":"to","start":3223.71,"end":3223.87},{"text":"Article","start":3223.87,"end":3224.83},{"text":"1.3.","start":3235.75,"end":3237.75}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":22,"start":3242.39,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=54:03","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much and good morning.","start":3242.39,"end":3245.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3242.39,"end":3242.71},{"text":"you","start":3242.71,"end":3242.79},{"text":"very","start":3242.79,"end":3243.03},{"text":"much","start":3243.03,"end":3243.51},{"text":"and","start":3244.31,"end":3244.59},{"text":"good","start":3244.59,"end":3244.79},{"text":"morning.","start":3244.79,"end":3245.19}]},{"text":"Concerning article 1.3 on the definition of human rights abuse, we understand the intention to distinguish business-related abuses from violations attributable to states.","start":3246.47,"end":3261.03,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Concerning","start":3246.47,"end":3247.03},{"text":"article","start":3247.03,"end":3247.83},{"text":"1.3","start":3247.99,"end":3248.79},{"text":"on","start":3249.03,"end":3249.19},{"text":"the","start":3249.19,"end":3249.31},{"text":"definition","start":3249.31,"end":3249.99},{"text":"of","start":3249.99,"end":3250.31},{"text":"human","start":3250.47,"end":3250.87},{"text":"rights","start":3250.87,"end":3251.19},{"text":"abuse,","start":3251.19,"end":3251.91},{"text":"we","start":3252.39,"end":3252.63},{"text":"understand","start":3252.63,"end":3253.35},{"text":"the","start":3253.51,"end":3253.71},{"text":"intention","start":3253.71,"end":3254.47},{"text":"to","start":3254.47,"end":3254.59},{"text":"distinguish","start":3254.59,"end":3255.43},{"text":"business-related","start":3255.51,"end":3256.47},{"text":"abuses","start":3256.47,"end":3257.19},{"text":"from","start":3257.27,"end":3257.59},{"text":"violations","start":3257.59,"end":3258.47},{"text":"attributable","start":3258.47,"end":3260.23},{"text":"to","start":3260.23,"end":3260.31},{"text":"states.","start":3260.31,"end":3261.03}]},{"text":"In that context, we seek clarification about what is meant by state and non-state entities.","start":3261.75,"end":3268.47,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3261.75,"end":3261.91},{"text":"that","start":3261.91,"end":3262.07},{"text":"context,","start":3262.07,"end":3262.95},{"text":"we","start":3262.95,"end":3263.15},{"text":"seek","start":3263.15,"end":3263.39},{"text":"clarification","start":3263.39,"end":3264.39},{"text":"about","start":3264.39,"end":3264.83},{"text":"what","start":3264.83,"end":3265.03},{"text":"is","start":3265.03,"end":3265.19},{"text":"meant","start":3265.19,"end":3265.59},{"text":"by","start":3265.59,"end":3265.91},{"text":"state","start":3266.07,"end":3266.79},{"text":"and","start":3266.79,"end":3266.95},{"text":"non-state","start":3266.95,"end":3267.67},{"text":"entities.","start":3267.67,"end":3268.47}]},{"text":"In particular, Are state entities intended to refer to state-owned enterprises conducting business activities?","start":3269.27,"end":3277.59,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3269.27,"end":3269.47},{"text":"particular,","start":3269.47,"end":3270.23},{"text":"Are","start":3271.19,"end":3271.43},{"text":"state","start":3271.43,"end":3271.75},{"text":"entities","start":3271.75,"end":3272.39},{"text":"intended","start":3272.39,"end":3272.95},{"text":"to","start":3272.95,"end":3273.07},{"text":"refer","start":3273.07,"end":3273.59},{"text":"to","start":3273.59,"end":3273.71},{"text":"state-owned","start":3273.71,"end":3274.55},{"text":"enterprises","start":3274.55,"end":3275.35},{"text":"conducting","start":3275.35,"end":3276.23},{"text":"business","start":3276.23,"end":3276.71},{"text":"activities?","start":3276.71,"end":3277.59}]},{"text":"And how would this be distinguished from state responsibility under international law in this context?","start":3278.15,"end":3284.47,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3278.15,"end":3278.35},{"text":"how","start":3278.35,"end":3278.63},{"text":"would","start":3278.63,"end":3278.79},{"text":"this","start":3278.79,"end":3279.03},{"text":"be","start":3279.03,"end":3279.19},{"text":"distinguished","start":3279.19,"end":3279.99},{"text":"from","start":3279.99,"end":3280.31},{"text":"state","start":3280.31,"end":3280.63},{"text":"responsibility","start":3280.63,"end":3281.75},{"text":"under","start":3281.91,"end":3282.23},{"text":"international","start":3282.23,"end":3283.27},{"text":"law","start":3283.27,"end":3283.35},{"text":"in","start":3283.35,"end":3283.51},{"text":"this","start":3283.51,"end":3283.67},{"text":"context?","start":3283.67,"end":3284.47}]},{"text":"It would be helpful to ensure consistency with articles 1.4 and 1.6. including following the proposed removal of the expressed reference to state-owned enterprises from article 1.4.","start":3285.67,"end":3300.75,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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Chairman.","start":3466.11,"end":3469.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3466.11,"end":3466.35},{"text":"you","start":3466.75,"end":3466.91},{"text":"very","start":3466.91,"end":3467.39},{"text":"much","start":3468.43,"end":3468.67},{"text":"indeed,","start":3468.67,"end":3468.91},{"text":"Chairman.","start":3468.91,"end":3469.39}]},{"text":"On article 1.3, we believe it's important to distinguish between the abuses perpetrated by enterprises and state-perpetrated abuses.","start":3475.39,"end":3487.63,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"either","start":3521.83,"end":3522.27},{"text":"abuse","start":3522.51,"end":3522.91},{"text":"and","start":3522.91,"end":3523.07},{"text":"violations","start":3523.07,"end":3523.71},{"text":"or","start":3523.71,"end":3523.87},{"text":"simply","start":3523.87,"end":3524.19},{"text":"violations.","start":3524.19,"end":3524.83}]},{"text":"We do believe that applying this term to corporate acts is doctrinally sound, is consistent with the nature of international human rights obligation, and is supported by UN treaty bodies.","start":3524.83,"end":3536.75,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Cuba","start":3617.51,"end":3617.83},{"text":"supports","start":3617.83,"end":3618.31},{"text":"the","start":3618.31,"end":3618.43},{"text":"definition","start":3618.47,"end":3619.67},{"text":"proposed","start":3619.91,"end":3620.75},{"text":"of","start":3620.75,"end":3620.87},{"text":"human","start":3620.87,"end":3621.15},{"text":"rights","start":3621.15,"end":3621.43},{"text":"abuse","start":3621.43,"end":3622.07},{"text":"and","start":3622.27,"end":3622.39},{"text":"welcomes","start":3622.39,"end":3622.87},{"text":"the","start":3622.87,"end":3622.99},{"text":"fact","start":3622.99,"end":3623.27},{"text":"that","start":3623.27,"end":3623.51},{"text":"in","start":3623.51,"end":3623.83},{"text":"this","start":3623.83,"end":3624.15},{"text":"paragraph","start":3624.15,"end":3624.79},{"text":"it's","start":3624.79,"end":3625.03},{"text":"aligned","start":3625.03,"end":3625.35},{"text":"with","start":3625.35,"end":3625.47},{"text":"the","start":3625.47,"end":3625.59},{"text":"scope","start":3625.59,"end":3625.95},{"text":"of","start":3625.95,"end":3626.07},{"text":"the","start":3626.07,"end":3626.19},{"text":"instrument.","start":3626.19,"end":3626.75}]},{"text":"We believe it's very important to reflect this scope in the articles of the definition, therefore we welcome this proposal.","start":3626.75,"end":3633.99,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3626.75,"end":3626.91},{"text":"believe","start":3626.91,"end":3627.15},{"text":"it's","start":3627.15,"end":3627.39},{"text":"very","start":3627.39,"end":3627.55},{"text":"important","start":3627.55,"end":3628.03},{"text":"to","start":3628.03,"end":3628.11},{"text":"reflect","start":3628.11,"end":3628.63},{"text":"this","start":3628.67,"end":3628.99},{"text":"scope","start":3628.99,"end":3629.51},{"text":"in","start":3629.51,"end":3629.71},{"text":"the","start":3629.71,"end":3629.79},{"text":"articles","start":3629.79,"end":3630.19},{"text":"of","start":3630.19,"end":3630.27},{"text":"the","start":3630.27,"end":3630.47},{"text":"definition,","start":3630.47,"end":3631.19},{"text":"therefore","start":3631.67,"end":3632.07},{"text":"we","start":3632.07,"end":3632.23},{"text":"welcome","start":3632.23,"end":3632.87},{"text":"this","start":3633.03,"end":3633.27},{"text":"proposal.","start":3633.27,"end":3633.99}]},{"text":"Moreover, we would propose adding in a full stop after the reference to other business enterprises.","start":3634.75,"end":3641.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Moreover,","start":3634.75,"end":3635.47},{"text":"we","start":3635.63,"end":3635.95},{"text":"would","start":3635.95,"end":3636.19},{"text":"propose","start":3636.19,"end":3637.07},{"text":"adding","start":3637.07,"end":3637.39},{"text":"in","start":3637.39,"end":3637.79},{"text":"a","start":3638.43,"end":3638.47},{"text":"full","start":3638.47,"end":3638.59},{"text":"stop","start":3638.59,"end":3638.91},{"text":"after","start":3638.91,"end":3639.27},{"text":"the","start":3639.27,"end":3639.39},{"text":"reference","start":3639.39,"end":3640.11},{"text":"to","start":3640.11,"end":3640.35},{"text":"other","start":3640.35,"end":3640.55},{"text":"business","start":3640.55,"end":3640.91},{"text":"enterprises.","start":3640.91,"end":3641.87}]},{"text":"We believe that the additional mention of state and non-state entities somewhat removes clarity from the definition and could give rise to confusion with the term human rights violations that Cuba considers to be a separate concept.","start":3642.19,"end":3655.79,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3642.19,"end":3642.35},{"text":"believe","start":3642.35,"end":3642.59},{"text":"that","start":3642.59,"end":3642.71},{"text":"the","start":3642.71,"end":3642.79},{"text":"additional","start":3642.79,"end":3643.23},{"text":"mention","start":3643.23,"end":3644.03},{"text":"of","start":3644.55,"end":3644.67},{"text":"state","start":3644.67,"end":3645.03},{"text":"and","start":3645.03,"end":3645.15},{"text":"non-state","start":3645.15,"end":3645.63},{"text":"entities","start":3645.63,"end":3646.43},{"text":"somewhat","start":3646.59,"end":3647.07},{"text":"removes","start":3647.07,"end":3647.43},{"text":"clarity","start":3647.43,"end":3647.95},{"text":"from","start":3647.95,"end":3648.11},{"text":"the","start":3648.11,"end":3648.19},{"text":"definition","start":3648.19,"end":3648.75},{"text":"and","start":3648.75,"end":3648.87},{"text":"could","start":3648.87,"end":3649.15},{"text":"give","start":3649.15,"end":3649.31},{"text":"rise","start":3649.31,"end":3649.63},{"text":"to","start":3649.63,"end":3649.75},{"text":"confusion","start":3649.75,"end":3650.51},{"text":"with","start":3650.51,"end":3650.79},{"text":"the","start":3650.79,"end":3650.87},{"text":"term","start":3650.87,"end":3651.31},{"text":"human","start":3651.31,"end":3651.55},{"text":"rights","start":3651.55,"end":3651.79},{"text":"violations","start":3651.79,"end":3652.43},{"text":"that","start":3652.43,"end":3652.75},{"text":"Cuba","start":3652.75,"end":3653.23},{"text":"considers","start":3653.63,"end":3654.19},{"text":"to","start":3654.19,"end":3654.31},{"text":"be","start":3654.31,"end":3654.43},{"text":"a","start":3654.43,"end":3654.47},{"text":"separate","start":3654.47,"end":3655.11},{"text":"concept.","start":3655.11,"end":3655.79}]},{"text":"Thank","start":3655.79,"end":3656.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3655.79,"end":3656.11}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CUB","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Cuba"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":3660.75,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:01:01","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"you.","start":3660.75,"end":3660.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"you.","start":3660.75,"end":3660.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Cuba. The State of Palestine, you have the floor.","start":3661.47,"end":3665.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3661.47,"end":3661.79},{"text":"you,","start":3661.79,"end":3662.03},{"text":"Cuba.","start":3662.19,"end":3662.67},{"text":"The","start":3664.11,"end":3664.23},{"text":"State","start":3664.23,"end":3664.43},{"text":"of","start":3664.43,"end":3664.51},{"text":"Palestine,","start":3664.51,"end":3664.95},{"text":"you","start":3664.95,"end":3665.03},{"text":"have","start":3665.03,"end":3665.15},{"text":"the","start":3665.15,"end":3665.27},{"text":"floor.","start":3665.27,"end":3665.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":32,"start":3668.91,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:01:09","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair. On Article 1.3, the Chair's proposal argues that violation should be reserved for States.","start":3668.91,"end":3675.63,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3668.91,"end":3669.15},{"text":"you,","start":3669.15,"end":3669.23},{"text":"Mr.","start":3669.23,"end":3669.47},{"text":"Chair.","start":3669.47,"end":3669.95},{"text":"On","start":3669.95,"end":3670.11},{"text":"Article","start":3670.11,"end":3670.59},{"text":"1.3,","start":3670.59,"end":3671.55},{"text":"the","start":3671.55,"end":3671.71},{"text":"Chair's","start":3671.71,"end":3672.11},{"text":"proposal","start":3672.11,"end":3672.67},{"text":"argues","start":3672.67,"end":3673.07},{"text":"that","start":3673.07,"end":3673.27},{"text":"violation","start":3673.27,"end":3674.03},{"text":"should","start":3674.03,"end":3674.27},{"text":"be","start":3674.27,"end":3674.39},{"text":"reserved","start":3674.39,"end":3674.83},{"text":"for","start":3674.83,"end":3674.99},{"text":"States.","start":3674.99,"end":3675.63}]},{"text":"We respectfully disagree for three reasons.","start":3676.03,"end":3678.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3676.03,"end":3676.27},{"text":"respectfully","start":3676.27,"end":3676.99},{"text":"disagree","start":3676.99,"end":3677.47},{"text":"for","start":3677.47,"end":3677.63},{"text":"three","start":3677.63,"end":3678.03},{"text":"reasons.","start":3678.03,"end":3678.67}]},{"text":"First, the Chair's text defines abuse as conduct that results in an impact.","start":3678.99,"end":3683.79,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3678.99,"end":3679.55},{"text":"the","start":3679.55,"end":3679.71},{"text":"Chair's","start":3679.71,"end":3680.11},{"text":"text","start":3680.11,"end":3680.47},{"text":"defines","start":3680.51,"end":3681.07},{"text":"abuse","start":3681.07,"end":3681.63},{"text":"as","start":3681.63,"end":3681.87},{"text":"conduct","start":3681.87,"end":3682.31},{"text":"that","start":3682.31,"end":3682.43},{"text":"results","start":3682.43,"end":3682.91},{"text":"in","start":3682.91,"end":3683.03},{"text":"an","start":3683.03,"end":3683.15},{"text":"impact.","start":3683.15,"end":3683.79}]},{"text":"That is the active dimension of the definition, and it should be characterized as a violation.","start":3684.35,"end":3689.39,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":3684.35,"end":3684.55},{"text":"is","start":3684.55,"end":3684.67},{"text":"the","start":3684.67,"end":3684.75},{"text":"active","start":3684.75,"end":3685.19},{"text":"dimension","start":3685.19,"end":3685.87},{"text":"of","start":3685.87,"end":3686.03},{"text":"the","start":3686.03,"end":3686.11},{"text":"definition,","start":3686.11,"end":3686.91},{"text":"and","start":3686.91,"end":3687.03},{"text":"it","start":3687.03,"end":3687.11},{"text":"should","start":3687.11,"end":3687.31},{"text":"be","start":3687.31,"end":3687.43},{"text":"characterized","start":3687.43,"end":3688.27},{"text":"as","start":3688.35,"end":3688.51},{"text":"a","start":3688.51,"end":3688.59},{"text":"violation.","start":3688.59,"end":3689.39}]},{"text":"The term abuse creates a false hierarchy between states that violate human rights and corporations that merely abuse them.","start":3689.91,"end":3697.43,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3689.91,"end":3690.15},{"text":"term","start":3690.15,"end":3690.47},{"text":"abuse","start":3690.47,"end":3691.03},{"text":"creates","start":3691.03,"end":3691.43},{"text":"a","start":3691.43,"end":3691.51},{"text":"false","start":3691.51,"end":3691.91},{"text":"hierarchy","start":3691.91,"end":3692.55},{"text":"between","start":3692.55,"end":3692.95},{"text":"states","start":3692.95,"end":3693.51},{"text":"that","start":3693.51,"end":3693.67},{"text":"violate","start":3693.67,"end":3694.11},{"text":"human","start":3694.11,"end":3694.39},{"text":"rights","start":3694.39,"end":3694.71},{"text":"and","start":3694.71,"end":3694.87},{"text":"corporations","start":3694.87,"end":3695.63},{"text":"that","start":3695.63,"end":3695.79},{"text":"merely","start":3695.79,"end":3696.31},{"text":"abuse","start":3696.55,"end":3697.03},{"text":"them.","start":3697.03,"end":3697.43}]},{"text":"It implies that transnational corporations cannot commit violations and therefore have no obligation to respect human rights.","start":3697.75,"end":3704.15,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3697.75,"end":3697.91},{"text":"implies","start":3697.91,"end":3698.31},{"text":"that","start":3698.31,"end":3698.47},{"text":"transnational","start":3698.47,"end":3699.19},{"text":"corporations","start":3699.19,"end":3699.83},{"text":"cannot","start":3699.83,"end":3700.23},{"text":"commit","start":3700.23,"end":3700.47},{"text":"violations","start":3700.47,"end":3701.19},{"text":"and","start":3701.19,"end":3701.39},{"text":"therefore","start":3701.39,"end":3701.75},{"text":"have","start":3701.75,"end":3701.91},{"text":"no","start":3701.91,"end":3702.11},{"text":"obligation","start":3702.11,"end":3702.71},{"text":"to","start":3702.71,"end":3702.87},{"text":"respect","start":3702.87,"end":3703.43},{"text":"human","start":3703.43,"end":3703.67},{"text":"rights.","start":3703.67,"end":3704.15}]},{"text":"Under the prevailing theories of human rights in international law, conduct is a violation because of the offense to human dignity, not because of who caused it, whether a state, a person, or a corporation.","start":3704.75,"end":3717.99,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":3704.75,"end":3705.03},{"text":"the","start":3705.03,"end":3705.15},{"text":"prevailing","start":3705.15,"end":3705.75},{"text":"theories","start":3705.75,"end":3706.35},{"text":"of","start":3706.35,"end":3706.47},{"text":"human","start":3706.47,"end":3706.79},{"text":"rights","start":3706.79,"end":3707.19},{"text":"in","start":3707.19,"end":3707.31},{"text":"international","start":3707.31,"end":3708.03},{"text":"law,","start":3708.03,"end":3708.23},{"text":"conduct","start":3708.23,"end":3708.95},{"text":"is","start":3709.03,"end":3709.27},{"text":"a","start":3709.27,"end":3709.31},{"text":"violation","start":3709.31,"end":3710.31},{"text":"because","start":3710.63,"end":3711.07},{"text":"of","start":3711.07,"end":3711.19},{"text":"the","start":3711.19,"end":3711.31},{"text":"offense","start":3711.31,"end":3711.75},{"text":"to","start":3711.75,"end":3711.91},{"text":"human","start":3711.91,"end":3712.23},{"text":"dignity,","start":3712.23,"end":3712.95},{"text":"not","start":3713.19,"end":3713.59},{"text":"because","start":3713.59,"end":3713.91},{"text":"of","start":3713.91,"end":3714.07},{"text":"who","start":3714.07,"end":3714.31},{"text":"caused","start":3714.31,"end":3714.71},{"text":"it,","start":3714.71,"end":3714.95},{"text":"whether","start":3715.15,"end":3715.55},{"text":"a","start":3715.55,"end":3715.59},{"text":"state,","start":3715.59,"end":3716.15},{"text":"a","start":3716.23,"end":3716.31},{"text":"person,","start":3716.31,"end":3716.87},{"text":"or","start":3716.87,"end":3717.15},{"text":"a","start":3717.15,"end":3717.19},{"text":"corporation.","start":3717.19,"end":3717.99}]},{"text":"Second, the text covers state and non-state entities.","start":3719.11,"end":3722.87,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":3719.11,"end":3719.75},{"text":"the","start":3719.75,"end":3719.99},{"text":"text","start":3719.99,"end":3720.31},{"text":"covers","start":3720.31,"end":3720.87},{"text":"state","start":3720.87,"end":3721.35},{"text":"and","start":3721.35,"end":3721.51},{"text":"non-state","start":3721.51,"end":3722.07},{"text":"entities.","start":3722.07,"end":3722.87}]},{"text":"Conduct of state-owned enterprises can be attributable to the state under the articles on state responsibility, so it is definitely a violation.","start":3723.59,"end":3733.75,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":3734.63,"end":3735.19},{"text":"where","start":3735.47,"end":3735.75},{"text":"corporations","start":3735.75,"end":3736.79},{"text":"are","start":3736.79,"end":3736.95},{"text":"involved","start":3736.95,"end":3737.39},{"text":"in","start":3737.39,"end":3737.59},{"text":"war","start":3737.59,"end":3737.83},{"text":"crimes,","start":3737.83,"end":3738.39},{"text":"crimes","start":3738.39,"end":3738.71},{"text":"against","start":3738.71,"end":3738.99},{"text":"humanity,","start":3738.99,"end":3739.67},{"text":"or","start":3739.67,"end":3739.91},{"text":"genocide,","start":3739.91,"end":3740.79},{"text":"their","start":3741.27,"end":3741.51},{"text":"conduct","start":3741.51,"end":3741.99},{"text":"breaches","start":3741.99,"end":3742.39},{"text":"peremptory","start":3742.39,"end":3743.11},{"text":"norms","start":3743.11,"end":3743.71},{"text":"of","start":3743.71,"end":3743.83},{"text":"international","start":3743.83,"end":3744.83},{"text":"law","start":3744.83,"end":3744.91},{"text":"and","start":3745.19,"end":3745.47},{"text":"cannot","start":3745.47,"end":3746.07},{"text":"be","start":3746.07,"end":3746.31},{"text":"adequately","start":3746.31,"end":3746.83},{"text":"described","start":3746.83,"end":3747.31},{"text":"as","start":3747.31,"end":3747.51},{"text":"mere","start":3747.51,"end":3747.75},{"text":"abuse.","start":3747.75,"end":3748.47}]},{"text":"Referring to violations ensures that the instrument reflects the legal gravity of the conduct and the evolving understanding of corporate involvement in internationally wrongful acts.","start":3749.67,"end":3760.63,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Referring","start":3749.67,"end":3750.23},{"text":"to","start":3750.23,"end":3750.35},{"text":"violations","start":3750.35,"end":3751.11},{"text":"ensures","start":3751.11,"end":3751.67},{"text":"that","start":3751.67,"end":3751.79},{"text":"the","start":3751.79,"end":3751.87},{"text":"instrument","start":3751.87,"end":3752.35},{"text":"reflects","start":3752.35,"end":3752.79},{"text":"the","start":3752.79,"end":3752.91},{"text":"legal","start":3752.91,"end":3753.27},{"text":"gravity","start":3753.27,"end":3754.07},{"text":"of","start":3754.15,"end":3754.31},{"text":"the","start":3754.31,"end":3754.39},{"text":"conduct","start":3754.39,"end":3755.11},{"text":"and","start":3755.11,"end":3755.39},{"text":"the","start":3755.39,"end":3755.47},{"text":"evolving","start":3755.47,"end":3756.03},{"text":"understanding","start":3756.03,"end":3757.03},{"text":"of","start":3757.47,"end":3757.59},{"text":"corporate","start":3757.59,"end":3758.15},{"text":"involvement","start":3758.15,"end":3758.79},{"text":"in","start":3758.79,"end":3758.91},{"text":"internationally","start":3758.91,"end":3759.67},{"text":"wrongful","start":3759.67,"end":3760.15},{"text":"acts.","start":3760.15,"end":3760.63}]},{"text":"We therefore propose replacing abuse with violation or as a compromise and at the very least to add violation after abuse.","start":3761.03,"end":3770.63,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3761.03,"end":3761.23},{"text":"therefore","start":3761.23,"end":3761.67},{"text":"propose","start":3761.67,"end":3762.15},{"text":"replacing","start":3762.15,"end":3762.87},{"text":"abuse","start":3762.87,"end":3763.59},{"text":"with","start":3763.59,"end":3763.83},{"text":"violation","start":3763.83,"end":3764.71},{"text":"or","start":3765.03,"end":3765.35},{"text":"as","start":3765.35,"end":3765.59},{"text":"a","start":3765.59,"end":3765.67},{"text":"compromise","start":3765.67,"end":3766.55},{"text":"and","start":3766.55,"end":3766.75},{"text":"at","start":3766.75,"end":3766.87},{"text":"the","start":3766.87,"end":3766.99},{"text":"very","start":3766.99,"end":3767.35},{"text":"least","start":3767.35,"end":3767.91},{"text":"to","start":3768.23,"end":3768.39},{"text":"add","start":3768.39,"end":3768.71},{"text":"violation","start":3768.71,"end":3769.43},{"text":"after","start":3769.43,"end":3769.99},{"text":"abuse.","start":3769.99,"end":3770.63}]},{"text":"This terminology should be standardized throughout the treaty for coherence and consistency.","start":3771.67,"end":3776.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3771.67,"end":3771.99},{"text":"terminology","start":3771.99,"end":3772.71},{"text":"should","start":3772.71,"end":3772.91},{"text":"be","start":3772.91,"end":3773.03},{"text":"standardized","start":3773.03,"end":3773.71},{"text":"throughout","start":3773.71,"end":3773.99},{"text":"the","start":3773.99,"end":3774.07},{"text":"treaty","start":3774.07,"end":3774.47},{"text":"for","start":3774.47,"end":3774.71},{"text":"coherence","start":3774.71,"end":3775.27},{"text":"and","start":3775.27,"end":3775.43},{"text":"consistency.","start":3775.43,"end":3776.23}]},{"text":"In addition, the chair's proposal omits indirect impacts and the right to a healthy and sustainable environment.","start":3778.43,"end":3785.07,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3778.43,"end":3778.67},{"text":"addition,","start":3778.67,"end":3779.15},{"text":"the","start":3779.15,"end":3779.31},{"text":"chair's","start":3779.31,"end":3779.63},{"text":"proposal","start":3779.63,"end":3780.35},{"text":"omits","start":3780.35,"end":3780.91},{"text":"indirect","start":3780.91,"end":3781.79},{"text":"impacts","start":3781.79,"end":3782.43},{"text":"and","start":3782.43,"end":3782.63},{"text":"the","start":3782.63,"end":3782.71},{"text":"right","start":3782.71,"end":3783.03},{"text":"to","start":3783.03,"end":3783.11},{"text":"a","start":3783.11,"end":3783.15},{"text":"healthy","start":3783.15,"end":3783.51},{"text":"and","start":3783.51,"end":3783.63},{"text":"sustainable","start":3783.63,"end":3784.27},{"text":"environment.","start":3784.27,"end":3785.07}]},{"text":"We maintain our proposal from the May intersessional, which covers direct and indirect harm and the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.","start":3785.39,"end":3795.55,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3785.39,"end":3785.63},{"text":"maintain","start":3785.63,"end":3786.19},{"text":"our","start":3786.19,"end":3786.35},{"text":"proposal","start":3786.35,"end":3786.91},{"text":"from","start":3786.91,"end":3787.15},{"text":"the","start":3787.15,"end":3787.23},{"text":"May","start":3787.23,"end":3787.63},{"text":"intersessional,","start":3787.63,"end":3789.07},{"text":"which","start":3789.35,"end":3789.71},{"text":"covers","start":3789.71,"end":3790.07},{"text":"direct","start":3790.07,"end":3790.67},{"text":"and","start":3790.67,"end":3790.91},{"text":"indirect","start":3790.91,"end":3791.67},{"text":"harm","start":3791.67,"end":3792.11},{"text":"and","start":3792.11,"end":3792.39},{"text":"the","start":3792.39,"end":3792.47},{"text":"right","start":3792.47,"end":3792.79},{"text":"to","start":3792.79,"end":3792.91},{"text":"a","start":3792.91,"end":3792.95},{"text":"clean,","start":3792.95,"end":3793.47},{"text":"healthy","start":3793.71,"end":3794.15},{"text":"and","start":3794.15,"end":3794.31},{"text":"sustainable","start":3794.31,"end":3794.87},{"text":"environment.","start":3794.87,"end":3795.55}]},{"text":"We add to it conduct that causes or contributes to harm, harm that is threatened, as well as harm already suffered.","start":3796.19,"end":3804.43,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3796.19,"end":3796.51},{"text":"add","start":3796.51,"end":3796.75},{"text":"to","start":3796.75,"end":3796.95},{"text":"it","start":3796.95,"end":3797.15},{"text":"conduct","start":3797.15,"end":3797.79},{"text":"that","start":3797.79,"end":3797.99},{"text":"causes","start":3797.99,"end":3798.59},{"text":"or","start":3798.59,"end":3798.75},{"text":"contributes","start":3798.75,"end":3799.55},{"text":"to","start":3799.55,"end":3799.71},{"text":"harm,","start":3799.71,"end":3800.27},{"text":"harm","start":3800.75,"end":3801.23},{"text":"that","start":3801.23,"end":3801.39},{"text":"is","start":3801.39,"end":3801.55},{"text":"threatened,","start":3801.63,"end":3802.27},{"text":"as","start":3802.35,"end":3802.51},{"text":"well","start":3802.51,"end":3802.71},{"text":"as","start":3802.71,"end":3802.83},{"text":"harm","start":3802.83,"end":3803.23},{"text":"already","start":3803.23,"end":3803.71},{"text":"suffered.","start":3803.71,"end":3804.43}]},{"text":"and a failure to exercise human rights due diligence, so that the definition anchors both liability and prevention.","start":3804.79,"end":3812.63,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."},{"key":"due-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"The meeting also addressed how human rights due diligence should be defined and whether its detailed elements should remain in the definitions article or be moved to the prevention article. Speakers emphasized that due diligence should be risk-based, cover value chains, and not operate as a shield against liability where harm still occurs."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":3804.79,"end":3804.99},{"text":"a","start":3804.99,"end":3805.03},{"text":"failure","start":3805.03,"end":3805.59},{"text":"to","start":3805.59,"end":3805.71},{"text":"exercise","start":3805.71,"end":3806.31},{"text":"human","start":3806.31,"end":3806.71},{"text":"rights","start":3806.71,"end":3807.19},{"text":"due","start":3807.27,"end":3807.51},{"text":"diligence,","start":3807.51,"end":3808.23},{"text":"so","start":3808.55,"end":3808.79},{"text":"that","start":3808.79,"end":3808.95},{"text":"the","start":3808.95,"end":3809.07},{"text":"definition","start":3809.07,"end":3809.75},{"text":"anchors","start":3809.75,"end":3810.31},{"text":"both","start":3810.31,"end":3810.63},{"text":"liability","start":3810.71,"end":3811.59},{"text":"and","start":3811.59,"end":3811.99},{"text":"prevention.","start":3811.99,"end":3812.63}]},{"text":"Finally, we also see no need for 1.3 to refer to specific legal forms, such as transnational corporations and other business enterprises.","start":3813.43,"end":3822.95,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":3813.43,"end":3814.15},{"text":"we","start":3814.47,"end":3814.71},{"text":"also","start":3814.71,"end":3815.11},{"text":"see","start":3815.11,"end":3815.35},{"text":"no","start":3815.35,"end":3815.59},{"text":"need","start":3815.59,"end":3815.91},{"text":"for","start":3815.91,"end":3816.15},{"text":"1.3","start":3816.15,"end":3816.95},{"text":"to","start":3816.95,"end":3817.11},{"text":"refer","start":3817.11,"end":3817.51},{"text":"to","start":3817.51,"end":3817.63},{"text":"specific","start":3817.63,"end":3818.23},{"text":"legal","start":3818.23,"end":3818.63},{"text":"forms,","start":3818.63,"end":3819.27},{"text":"such","start":3819.27,"end":3819.59},{"text":"as","start":3819.59,"end":3819.71},{"text":"transnational","start":3819.71,"end":3820.47},{"text":"corporations","start":3820.47,"end":3821.27},{"text":"and","start":3821.27,"end":3821.47},{"text":"other","start":3821.47,"end":3821.71},{"text":"business","start":3821.71,"end":3822.11},{"text":"enterprises.","start":3822.11,"end":3822.95}]},{"text":"Legal forms are already referred to by way of an indicative list in the definition of business relationships in 1.6.","start":3823.67,"end":3831.11,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"Legal","start":3823.67,"end":3824.07},{"text":"forms","start":3824.07,"end":3824.47},{"text":"are","start":3824.47,"end":3824.71},{"text":"already","start":3824.71,"end":3825.07},{"text":"referred","start":3825.07,"end":3825.51},{"text":"to","start":3825.51,"end":3825.75},{"text":"by","start":3825.75,"end":3825.99},{"text":"way","start":3825.99,"end":3826.39},{"text":"of","start":3826.55,"end":3826.75},{"text":"an","start":3826.75,"end":3826.87},{"text":"indicative","start":3826.87,"end":3827.51},{"text":"list","start":3827.51,"end":3827.91},{"text":"in","start":3827.91,"end":3827.99},{"text":"the","start":3827.99,"end":3828.11},{"text":"definition","start":3828.11,"end":3828.67},{"text":"of","start":3828.67,"end":3828.83},{"text":"business","start":3828.83,"end":3829.27},{"text":"relationships","start":3829.27,"end":3829.99},{"text":"in","start":3829.99,"end":3830.39},{"text":"1.6.","start":3830.39,"end":3831.11}]},{"text":"It is helpful to keep them there and keep the list indicative because any particular form or structure may become outdated with time.","start":3831.75,"end":3839.91,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3831.75,"end":3831.91},{"text":"is","start":3831.91,"end":3831.99},{"text":"helpful","start":3831.99,"end":3832.47},{"text":"to","start":3832.47,"end":3832.55},{"text":"keep","start":3832.55,"end":3832.87},{"text":"them","start":3832.87,"end":3833.07},{"text":"there","start":3833.07,"end":3833.43},{"text":"and","start":3833.43,"end":3833.67},{"text":"keep","start":3833.67,"end":3833.83},{"text":"the","start":3833.83,"end":3833.99},{"text":"list","start":3833.99,"end":3834.31},{"text":"indicative","start":3834.31,"end":3835.11},{"text":"because","start":3835.59,"end":3835.91},{"text":"any","start":3835.91,"end":3836.15},{"text":"particular","start":3836.15,"end":3836.71},{"text":"form","start":3836.71,"end":3837.15},{"text":"or","start":3837.15,"end":3837.27},{"text":"structure","start":3837.27,"end":3837.87},{"text":"may","start":3837.87,"end":3838.07},{"text":"become","start":3838.07,"end":3838.55},{"text":"outdated","start":3838.55,"end":3839.27},{"text":"with","start":3839.27,"end":3839.43},{"text":"time.","start":3839.43,"end":3839.91}]},{"text":"Paragraph 1.3 should instead refer to conduct, quote, in the context of business activities of a transnational character, unquote, in line with the scope wording we propose for 1.4 and 3.1. I thank you.","start":3841.11,"end":3853.75,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Paragraph","start":3841.11,"end":3841.67},{"text":"1.3","start":3841.83,"end":3842.23},{"text":"should","start":3842.23,"end":3842.51},{"text":"instead","start":3842.51,"end":3842.87},{"text":"refer","start":3842.87,"end":3843.19},{"text":"to","start":3843.19,"end":3843.35},{"text":"conduct,","start":3843.35,"end":3843.99},{"text":"quote,","start":3843.99,"end":3844.47},{"text":"in","start":3844.55,"end":3844.71},{"text":"the","start":3844.71,"end":3844.87},{"text":"context","start":3844.87,"end":3845.43},{"text":"of","start":3845.43,"end":3845.59},{"text":"business","start":3845.59,"end":3845.95},{"text":"activities","start":3845.95,"end":3846.67},{"text":"of","start":3846.67,"end":3846.79},{"text":"a","start":3846.79,"end":3846.87},{"text":"transnational","start":3846.87,"end":3847.59},{"text":"character,","start":3847.59,"end":3848.23},{"text":"unquote,","start":3848.23,"end":3848.87},{"text":"in","start":3849.27,"end":3849.51},{"text":"line","start":3849.51,"end":3849.75},{"text":"with","start":3849.75,"end":3849.87},{"text":"the","start":3849.87,"end":3849.99},{"text":"scope","start":3849.99,"end":3850.31},{"text":"wording","start":3850.31,"end":3850.63},{"text":"we","start":3850.63,"end":3850.79},{"text":"propose","start":3850.79,"end":3851.27},{"text":"for","start":3851.27,"end":3851.51},{"text":"1.4","start":3851.51,"end":3852.23},{"text":"and","start":3852.23,"end":3852.43},{"text":"3.1.","start":3852.43,"end":3853.11},{"text":"I","start":3853.19,"end":3853.35},{"text":"thank","start":3853.35,"end":3853.59},{"text":"you.","start":3853.59,"end":3853.75}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"PSE","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"State of Palestine"}},{"statement_number":33,"start":3857.19,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:04:18","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Justice Palestine.","start":3857.19,"end":3859.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3857.19,"end":3857.35},{"text":"you,","start":3857.35,"end":3857.47},{"text":"Justice","start":3857.47,"end":3857.83},{"text":"Palestine.","start":3859.19,"end":3859.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":34,"start":3860.87,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:04:21","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":3860.87,"end":3867.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3860.87,"end":3861.19},{"text":"you,","start":3866.35,"end":3866.43},{"text":"Mr.","start":3866.43,"end":3866.75},{"text":"Chair.","start":3866.75,"end":3867.15}]},{"text":"We support the intent of the suggested language in the two rapporteurs' proposal from the perspective of limiting the LBI's scope to acts or omissions by business activities.","start":3867.87,"end":3877.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Saudi Arabia, you have the floor.","start":3969.2,"end":3972.16,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"much,","start":3969.2,"end":3969.44},{"text":"Japan.","start":3969.44,"end":3970},{"text":"Saudi","start":3971.2,"end":3971.48},{"text":"Arabia,","start":3971.48,"end":3971.72},{"text":"you","start":3971.72,"end":3971.8},{"text":"have","start":3971.8,"end":3971.92},{"text":"the","start":3971.92,"end":3972},{"text":"floor.","start":3972,"end":3972.16}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":36,"start":3976.19,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:06:17","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Chairman.","start":3976.19,"end":3981.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3976.19,"end":3976.51},{"text":"you","start":3977.07,"end":3977.19},{"text":"very","start":3977.19,"end":3977.55},{"text":"much,","start":3979.31,"end":3980.11},{"text":"Chairman.","start":3980.83,"end":3981.71}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":3982.67,"end":3984.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3982.67,"end":3982.99},{"text":"you.","start":3984.35,"end":3984.51}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"On 1.3, Saudi Arabia welcomes the link made between the definition of human rights abuse and acts or omissions from transnational corporations.","start":3985.39,"end":4003.11,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose 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time?","start":4204.19,"end":4206.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":4204.19,"end":4204.31},{"text":"any","start":4204.31,"end":4204.47},{"text":"other","start":4204.47,"end":4204.67},{"text":"states","start":4204.67,"end":4205.07},{"text":"wish","start":4205.07,"end":4205.23},{"text":"to","start":4205.23,"end":4205.31},{"text":"take","start":4205.31,"end":4205.47},{"text":"the","start":4205.47,"end":4205.55},{"text":"floor","start":4205.55,"end":4205.75},{"text":"at","start":4205.75,"end":4205.83},{"text":"this","start":4205.83,"end":4205.95},{"text":"time?","start":4205.95,"end":4206.35}]},{"text":"That doesn't seem to be the case.","start":4210.07,"end":4213.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":4210.07,"end":4210.23},{"text":"doesn't","start":4211.07,"end":4211.59},{"text":"seem","start":4212.43,"end":4212.67},{"text":"to","start":4212.67,"end":4212.75},{"text":"be","start":4212.75,"end":4212.91},{"text":"the","start":4212.91,"end":4213.03},{"text":"case.","start":4213.03,"end":4213.95}]},{"text":"Let us now continue with statements from representatives of civil society and other relevant stakeholders.","start":4214.35,"end":4223.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":4214.35,"end":4214.67},{"text":"us","start":4214.75,"end":4214.99},{"text":"now","start":4215.07,"end":4215.39},{"text":"continue","start":4215.39,"end":4216.51},{"text":"with","start":4216.59,"end":4216.83},{"text":"statements","start":4216.83,"end":4217.87},{"text":"from","start":4217.87,"end":4218.51},{"text":"representatives","start":4218.75,"end":4219.67},{"text":"of","start":4219.67,"end":4219.79},{"text":"civil","start":4219.79,"end":4220.19},{"text":"society","start":4220.19,"end":4221.03},{"text":"and","start":4221.03,"end":4221.27},{"text":"other","start":4221.27,"end":4221.59},{"text":"relevant","start":4221.59,"end":4222.11},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":4222.11,"end":4223.07}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Alliance Defending Freedom.","start":4224.27,"end":4228.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4224.27,"end":4224.43},{"text":"give","start":4224.43,"end":4224.75},{"text":"the","start":4224.75,"end":4224.91},{"text":"floor","start":4224.91,"end":4225.47},{"text":"to","start":4226.75,"end":4226.79},{"text":"Alliance","start":4226.91,"end":4227.59},{"text":"Defending","start":4227.59,"end":4227.95},{"text":"Freedom.","start":4227.95,"end":4228.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":40,"start":4233.07,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:10:34","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":4233.07,"end":4233.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4233.07,"end":4233.27},{"text":"you.","start":4233.31,"end":4233.43}]},{"text":"As currently drafted, the definition of human rights abuse is framed by reference to adverse human rights impact, and so carries over its imprecision.","start":4233.47,"end":4244.35,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4233.47,"end":4233.79},{"text":"currently","start":4235.63,"end":4236.03},{"text":"drafted,","start":4236.03,"end":4236.67},{"text":"the","start":4236.67,"end":4236.83},{"text":"definition","start":4236.83,"end":4237.55},{"text":"of","start":4237.55,"end":4237.87},{"text":"human","start":4237.87,"end":4238.27},{"text":"rights","start":4238.27,"end":4238.59},{"text":"abuse","start":4238.59,"end":4239.15},{"text":"is","start":4239.15,"end":4239.39},{"text":"framed","start":4239.39,"end":4239.67},{"text":"by","start":4239.67,"end":4239.79},{"text":"reference","start":4239.79,"end":4240.35},{"text":"to","start":4240.35,"end":4240.51},{"text":"adverse","start":4240.59,"end":4241.07},{"text":"human","start":4241.07,"end":4241.31},{"text":"rights","start":4241.31,"end":4241.55},{"text":"impact,","start":4241.55,"end":4242.11},{"text":"and","start":4242.35,"end":4242.51},{"text":"so","start":4242.51,"end":4242.67},{"text":"carries","start":4242.67,"end":4243.07},{"text":"over","start":4243.07,"end":4243.47},{"text":"its","start":4243.47,"end":4243.63},{"text":"imprecision.","start":4243.63,"end":4244.35}]},{"text":"This definition covers any act or omissions in connection with business activities that results in an adverse impact.","start":4244.99,"end":4251.55,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4244.99,"end":4245.23},{"text":"definition","start":4245.23,"end":4245.79},{"text":"covers","start":4245.79,"end":4246.27},{"text":"any","start":4246.27,"end":4246.47},{"text":"act","start":4246.47,"end":4246.71},{"text":"or","start":4246.71,"end":4246.87},{"text":"omissions","start":4246.87,"end":4247.55},{"text":"in","start":4247.87,"end":4247.99},{"text":"connection","start":4247.99,"end":4248.39},{"text":"with","start":4248.39,"end":4248.51},{"text":"business","start":4248.51,"end":4248.79},{"text":"activities","start":4248.79,"end":4249.39},{"text":"that","start":4249.39,"end":4249.55},{"text":"results","start":4249.55,"end":4250.19},{"text":"in","start":4250.19,"end":4250.39},{"text":"an","start":4250.39,"end":4250.51},{"text":"adverse","start":4250.59,"end":4251.07},{"text":"impact.","start":4251.07,"end":4251.55}]},{"text":"It does not specify the standard of fault, or the required nexus between the conduct, the business activity, and the impact.","start":4252.27,"end":4259.59,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4252.27,"end":4252.43},{"text":"does","start":4252.43,"end":4252.63},{"text":"not","start":4252.63,"end":4252.83},{"text":"specify","start":4252.83,"end":4253.31},{"text":"the","start":4253.31,"end":4253.43},{"text":"standard","start":4253.43,"end":4253.83},{"text":"of","start":4253.83,"end":4253.91},{"text":"fault,","start":4253.91,"end":4254.51},{"text":"or","start":4254.95,"end":4255.19},{"text":"the","start":4255.19,"end":4255.27},{"text":"required","start":4255.27,"end":4255.75},{"text":"nexus","start":4255.75,"end":4256.23},{"text":"between","start":4256.23,"end":4256.55},{"text":"the","start":4256.55,"end":4256.63},{"text":"conduct,","start":4256.63,"end":4257.27},{"text":"the","start":4257.43,"end":4257.59},{"text":"business","start":4257.59,"end":4257.99},{"text":"activity,","start":4257.99,"end":4258.55},{"text":"and","start":4258.71,"end":4258.91},{"text":"the","start":4258.91,"end":4258.99},{"text":"impact.","start":4258.99,"end":4259.59}]},{"text":"Moreover, because adverse human rights impact is so broadly defined, virtually any reduction in a person's ability to enjoy a right could qualify as abuse.","start":4260.15,"end":4270.39,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Moreover,","start":4260.15,"end":4260.63},{"text":"because","start":4260.79,"end":4261.43},{"text":"adverse","start":4261.91,"end":4262.31},{"text":"human","start":4262.31,"end":4262.55},{"text":"rights","start":4262.55,"end":4262.87},{"text":"impact","start":4262.87,"end":4263.35},{"text":"is","start":4263.35,"end":4263.43},{"text":"so","start":4263.43,"end":4263.67},{"text":"broadly","start":4263.67,"end":4264.15},{"text":"defined,","start":4264.15,"end":4264.87},{"text":"virtually","start":4265.35,"end":4265.83},{"text":"any","start":4265.83,"end":4266.07},{"text":"reduction","start":4266.07,"end":4266.79},{"text":"in","start":4266.79,"end":4266.95},{"text":"a","start":4266.95,"end":4266.99},{"text":"person's","start":4266.99,"end":4267.59},{"text":"ability","start":4267.59,"end":4268.15},{"text":"to","start":4268.15,"end":4268.27},{"text":"enjoy","start":4268.27,"end":4268.63},{"text":"a","start":4268.63,"end":4268.67},{"text":"right","start":4268.67,"end":4269.11},{"text":"could","start":4269.11,"end":4269.31},{"text":"qualify","start":4269.31,"end":4269.83},{"text":"as","start":4269.83,"end":4269.99},{"text":"abuse.","start":4269.99,"end":4270.39}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair-Rapporteur, we see merit in defining this term by reference to human rights violations.","start":4271.19,"end":4276.71,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":4271.19,"end":4271.51},{"text":"Chair-Rapporteur,","start":4271.51,"end":4272.31},{"text":"we","start":4272.47,"end":4272.67},{"text":"see","start":4272.67,"end":4272.87},{"text":"merit","start":4272.87,"end":4273.27},{"text":"in","start":4273.27,"end":4273.39},{"text":"defining","start":4273.39,"end":4273.91},{"text":"this","start":4273.91,"end":4274.15},{"text":"term","start":4274.15,"end":4274.55},{"text":"by","start":4274.71,"end":4274.87},{"text":"reference","start":4274.87,"end":4275.35},{"text":"to","start":4275.35,"end":4275.47},{"text":"human","start":4275.47,"end":4275.79},{"text":"rights","start":4275.79,"end":4275.99},{"text":"violations.","start":4275.99,"end":4276.71}]},{"text":"While violation has generally been understood to be reserved for state conduct, abuse could be its counterpart for business enterprises in a manner that ensures that comparable conduct is judged by comparable standards.","start":4277.31,"end":4289.59,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":4277.31,"end":4277.59},{"text":"violation","start":4277.59,"end":4278.31},{"text":"has","start":4278.31,"end":4278.47},{"text":"generally","start":4278.47,"end":4278.91},{"text":"been","start":4278.91,"end":4279.11},{"text":"understood","start":4279.11,"end":4279.63},{"text":"to","start":4279.63,"end":4279.75},{"text":"be","start":4279.75,"end":4279.91},{"text":"reserved","start":4279.91,"end":4280.27},{"text":"for","start":4280.27,"end":4280.39},{"text":"state","start":4280.39,"end":4280.63},{"text":"conduct,","start":4280.63,"end":4281.27},{"text":"abuse","start":4281.59,"end":4282.15},{"text":"could","start":4282.15,"end":4282.39},{"text":"be","start":4282.39,"end":4282.55},{"text":"its","start":4282.55,"end":4282.71},{"text":"counterpart","start":4282.71,"end":4283.35},{"text":"for","start":4283.35,"end":4283.51},{"text":"business","start":4283.51,"end":4283.83},{"text":"enterprises","start":4283.83,"end":4284.71},{"text":"in","start":4284.87,"end":4285.03},{"text":"a","start":4285.03,"end":4285.07},{"text":"manner","start":4285.07,"end":4285.43},{"text":"that","start":4285.43,"end":4285.63},{"text":"ensures","start":4285.63,"end":4286.23},{"text":"that","start":4286.23,"end":4286.39},{"text":"comparable","start":4286.39,"end":4286.95},{"text":"conduct","start":4286.95,"end":4287.51},{"text":"is","start":4287.67,"end":4287.83},{"text":"judged","start":4287.83,"end":4288.31},{"text":"by","start":4288.31,"end":4288.47},{"text":"comparable","start":4288.47,"end":4288.95},{"text":"standards.","start":4288.95,"end":4289.59}]},{"text":"Based on previous textual proposals, we therefore offer the following reformulation.","start":4290.15,"end":4294.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Based","start":4290.15,"end":4290.51},{"text":"on","start":4290.51,"end":4290.63},{"text":"previous","start":4290.63,"end":4291.03},{"text":"textual","start":4291.03,"end":4291.43},{"text":"proposals,","start":4291.43,"end":4292.15},{"text":"we","start":4292.31,"end":4292.55},{"text":"therefore","start":4292.55,"end":4292.95},{"text":"offer","start":4292.95,"end":4293.39},{"text":"the","start":4293.39,"end":4293.51},{"text":"following","start":4293.51,"end":4293.91},{"text":"reformulation.","start":4293.95,"end":4294.87}]},{"text":"Human rights abuse shall mean any act or omission by a transnational corporation or other business enterprise in the context of business activities that directly causes harm to the enjoyment of a person's universally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms to a degree that would constitute a violation of those human rights and fundamental freedoms if carried out by or on behalf of a state within the territory of that state.","start":4295.67,"end":4322.31,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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So I deliver the statement on behalf of FIDH.","start":4667.79,"end":4671.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4667.79,"end":4668.03},{"text":"you,","start":4668.03,"end":4668.11},{"text":"Mr.","start":4668.11,"end":4668.39},{"text":"Chair.","start":4668.39,"end":4668.75},{"text":"So","start":4668.75,"end":4669.03},{"text":"I","start":4669.03,"end":4669.07},{"text":"deliver","start":4669.07,"end":4669.47},{"text":"the","start":4669.47,"end":4669.55},{"text":"statement","start":4669.55,"end":4670.03},{"text":"on","start":4670.03,"end":4670.19},{"text":"behalf","start":4670.19,"end":4670.67},{"text":"of","start":4670.79,"end":4671.07},{"text":"FIDH.","start":4671.11,"end":4671.95}]},{"text":"The proposed new definition has the effect of clearly demarcating and restricting the scope of the LBI to abuses or harms caused or contributed to by businesses.","start":4672.75,"end":4684.03,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4672.75,"end":4672.95},{"text":"proposed","start":4673.07,"end":4673.59},{"text":"new","start":4673.59,"end":4673.71},{"text":"definition","start":4673.71,"end":4674.35},{"text":"has","start":4674.35,"end":4674.59},{"text":"the","start":4674.59,"end":4674.79},{"text":"effect","start":4674.83,"end":4675.39},{"text":"of","start":4675.39,"end":4675.63},{"text":"clearly","start":4675.63,"end":4676.27},{"text":"demarcating","start":4676.27,"end":4677.31},{"text":"and","start":4677.31,"end":4677.51},{"text":"restricting","start":4677.51,"end":4678.35},{"text":"the","start":4678.43,"end":4678.55},{"text":"scope","start":4678.55,"end":4678.87},{"text":"of","start":4678.87,"end":4678.99},{"text":"the","start":4678.99,"end":4679.07},{"text":"LBI","start":4679.07,"end":4679.51},{"text":"to","start":4679.51,"end":4679.67},{"text":"abuses","start":4679.67,"end":4680.35},{"text":"or","start":4680.35,"end":4680.51},{"text":"harms","start":4680.51,"end":4680.99},{"text":"caused","start":4681.39,"end":4681.79},{"text":"or","start":4681.79,"end":4682.07},{"text":"contributed","start":4682.07,"end":4682.83},{"text":"to","start":4682.83,"end":4683.15},{"text":"by","start":4683.15,"end":4683.39},{"text":"businesses.","start":4683.39,"end":4684.03}]},{"text":"This clearly leaves out violations by the state, even in the context of business activities.","start":4684.67,"end":4689.87,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4714.15,"end":4714.27},{"text":"addition,","start":4714.27,"end":4714.63},{"text":"we","start":4714.63,"end":4714.75},{"text":"would","start":4714.75,"end":4714.87},{"text":"like","start":4714.87,"end":4714.99},{"text":"to","start":4714.99,"end":4715.15},{"text":"raise","start":4715.15,"end":4715.59},{"text":"a","start":4715.59,"end":4715.67},{"text":"concern","start":4715.67,"end":4716.31},{"text":"regarding","start":4716.39,"end":4717.03},{"text":"the","start":4717.03,"end":4717.15},{"text":"understanding","start":4717.15,"end":4717.67},{"text":"of","start":4717.67,"end":4717.75},{"text":"the","start":4717.75,"end":4717.87},{"text":"phrase","start":4717.87,"end":4718.47},{"text":"\"other","start":4718.63,"end":4718.95},{"text":"business","start":4718.95,"end":4719.27},{"text":"enterprises\",","start":4719.27,"end":4719.99},{"text":"if","start":4720.55,"end":4720.75},{"text":"the","start":4720.75,"end":4720.87},{"text":"meaning","start":4720.87,"end":4721.27},{"text":"of","start":4721.27,"end":4721.43},{"text":"this","start":4721.43,"end":4721.83},{"text":"is","start":4721.91,"end":4722.39},{"text":"other","start":4722.47,"end":4722.83},{"text":"business","start":4722.83,"end":4723.19},{"text":"enterprises","start":4723.19,"end":4723.75},{"text":"that","start":4723.75,"end":4723.99},{"text":"undertake","start":4723.99,"end":4724.55},{"text":"activities","start":4724.63,"end":4725.19},{"text":"of","start":4725.31,"end":4725.47},{"text":"a","start":4725.47,"end":4725.51},{"text":"transnational","start":4725.51,"end":4726.03},{"text":"character.","start":4726.03,"end":4726.55}]},{"text":"While we agree that the LBI should pay particular attention to TNC and OBE that undertake activities of a transnational character and to prioritize them for purposes of regulation and accountability, we do not believe that the concept of human rights abuse itself should be restricted to abuses or harms involving only such enterprises.","start":4728.11,"end":4751.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":4728.11,"end":4728.43},{"text":"we","start":4728.43,"end":4728.55},{"text":"agree","start":4728.55,"end":4728.83},{"text":"that","start":4728.83,"end":4728.95},{"text":"the","start":4728.95,"end":4729.03},{"text":"LBI","start":4729.03,"end":4729.55},{"text":"should","start":4729.55,"end":4729.79},{"text":"pay","start":4729.79,"end":4730.19},{"text":"particular","start":4730.19,"end":4730.71},{"text":"attention","start":4730.71,"end":4731.31},{"text":"to","start":4731.31,"end":4731.55},{"text":"TNC","start":4731.79,"end":4733.07},{"text":"and","start":4733.63,"end":4733.87},{"text":"OBE","start":4733.87,"end":4733.95},{"text":"that","start":4733.95,"end":4734.11},{"text":"undertake","start":4734.11,"end":4734.51},{"text":"activities","start":4734.51,"end":4734.91},{"text":"of","start":4734.95,"end":4735.03},{"text":"a","start":4735.03,"end":4735.07},{"text":"transnational","start":4735.07,"end":4735.63},{"text":"character","start":4735.63,"end":4736.35},{"text":"and","start":4736.91,"end":4737.27},{"text":"to","start":4737.27,"end":4737.39},{"text":"prioritize","start":4737.39,"end":4738.51},{"text":"them","start":4738.51,"end":4738.91},{"text":"for","start":4738.91,"end":4739.11},{"text":"purposes","start":4739.11,"end":4739.71},{"text":"of","start":4739.71,"end":4739.79},{"text":"regulation","start":4739.79,"end":4740.67},{"text":"and","start":4740.67,"end":4740.79},{"text":"accountability,","start":4740.79,"end":4741.63},{"text":"we","start":4742.67,"end":4742.87},{"text":"do","start":4742.87,"end":4742.99},{"text":"not","start":4742.99,"end":4743.19},{"text":"believe","start":4743.19,"end":4743.43},{"text":"that","start":4743.43,"end":4743.55},{"text":"the","start":4743.55,"end":4743.67},{"text":"concept","start":4743.67,"end":4744.15},{"text":"of","start":4744.15,"end":4744.27},{"text":"human","start":4744.27,"end":4744.55},{"text":"rights","start":4744.55,"end":4744.75},{"text":"abuse","start":4744.75,"end":4745.31},{"text":"itself","start":4745.31,"end":4745.95},{"text":"should","start":4746.03,"end":4746.35},{"text":"be","start":4746.35,"end":4746.83},{"text":"restricted","start":4747.15,"end":4747.79},{"text":"to","start":4747.79,"end":4748.03},{"text":"abuses","start":4748.27,"end":4748.91},{"text":"or","start":4748.91,"end":4749.03},{"text":"harms","start":4749.03,"end":4749.47},{"text":"involving","start":4749.47,"end":4750.11},{"text":"only","start":4750.43,"end":4750.83},{"text":"such","start":4750.83,"end":4751.19},{"text":"enterprises.","start":4751.19,"end":4751.87}]},{"text":"All business enterprises of all sizes, natures, organizational structures and other characteristics are capable of causing or participating in human rights abuses.","start":4753.19,"end":4761.67,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":4753.19,"end":4753.39},{"text":"business","start":4753.39,"end":4753.75},{"text":"enterprises","start":4753.75,"end":4754.39},{"text":"of","start":4754.39,"end":4754.47},{"text":"all","start":4754.47,"end":4754.71},{"text":"sizes,","start":4754.71,"end":4755.27},{"text":"natures,","start":4755.27,"end":4756.07},{"text":"organizational","start":4756.07,"end":4756.75},{"text":"structures","start":4756.75,"end":4757.23},{"text":"and","start":4757.23,"end":4757.35},{"text":"other","start":4757.35,"end":4757.59},{"text":"characteristics","start":4757.59,"end":4758.39},{"text":"are","start":4758.39,"end":4758.55},{"text":"capable","start":4758.55,"end":4759.07},{"text":"of","start":4759.07,"end":4759.19},{"text":"causing","start":4759.19,"end":4759.75},{"text":"or","start":4759.83,"end":4759.95},{"text":"participating","start":4759.95,"end":4760.67},{"text":"in","start":4760.67,"end":4760.75},{"text":"human","start":4760.75,"end":4760.99},{"text":"rights","start":4760.99,"end":4761.15},{"text":"abuses.","start":4761.15,"end":4761.67}]},{"text":"A domestic company with no activities of a transnational character may commit a human rights abuse, even though it may fall outside of the scope of the LBI.","start":4762.79,"end":4771.19,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."},{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":4762.79,"end":4762.87},{"text":"domestic","start":4762.87,"end":4763.31},{"text":"company","start":4763.31,"end":4763.75},{"text":"with","start":4763.75,"end":4763.99},{"text":"no","start":4763.99,"end":4764.15},{"text":"activities","start":4764.15,"end":4764.67},{"text":"of","start":4764.67,"end":4764.79},{"text":"a","start":4764.79,"end":4764.83},{"text":"transnational","start":4764.83,"end":4765.39},{"text":"character","start":4765.39,"end":4766.07},{"text":"may","start":4766.07,"end":4766.39},{"text":"commit","start":4766.39,"end":4766.95},{"text":"a","start":4766.95,"end":4766.99},{"text":"human","start":4766.99,"end":4767.23},{"text":"rights","start":4767.23,"end":4767.43},{"text":"abuse,","start":4767.43,"end":4767.83},{"text":"even","start":4768.15,"end":4768.47},{"text":"though","start":4768.47,"end":4768.71},{"text":"it","start":4768.79,"end":4768.95},{"text":"may","start":4768.95,"end":4769.27},{"text":"fall","start":4769.27,"end":4769.51},{"text":"outside","start":4769.51,"end":4769.87},{"text":"of","start":4769.87,"end":4769.95},{"text":"the","start":4769.95,"end":4770.07},{"text":"scope","start":4770.07,"end":4770.39},{"text":"of","start":4770.39,"end":4770.55},{"text":"the","start":4770.55,"end":4770.63},{"text":"LBI.","start":4770.63,"end":4771.19}]},{"text":"The fact that the LBI focuses on TNCs and OBEs should not be understood as implying that other business activities are incapable of committing or contributing to human rights abuses.","start":4773.67,"end":4784.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."},{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4773.67,"end":4773.83},{"text":"fact","start":4773.83,"end":4774.03},{"text":"that","start":4774.03,"end":4774.15},{"text":"the","start":4774.15,"end":4774.23},{"text":"LBI","start":4774.23,"end":4774.71},{"text":"focuses","start":4774.71,"end":4775.19},{"text":"on","start":4775.19,"end":4775.31},{"text":"TNCs","start":4775.31,"end":4776.55},{"text":"and","start":4776.55,"end":4776.67},{"text":"OBEs","start":4777.23,"end":4777.39},{"text":"should","start":4777.39,"end":4777.59},{"text":"not","start":4777.59,"end":4777.91},{"text":"be","start":4777.91,"end":4778.03},{"text":"understood","start":4778.03,"end":4778.47},{"text":"as","start":4778.47,"end":4778.59},{"text":"implying","start":4778.59,"end":4779.11},{"text":"that","start":4779.11,"end":4779.43},{"text":"other","start":4779.43,"end":4779.75},{"text":"business","start":4779.75,"end":4780.11},{"text":"activities","start":4780.11,"end":4780.87},{"text":"are","start":4781.27,"end":4781.43},{"text":"incapable","start":4781.43,"end":4782.03},{"text":"of","start":4782.03,"end":4782.15},{"text":"committing","start":4782.15,"end":4782.79},{"text":"or","start":4782.79,"end":4783.11},{"text":"contributing","start":4783.19,"end":4783.83},{"text":"to","start":4783.83,"end":4783.91},{"text":"human","start":4783.91,"end":4784.15},{"text":"rights","start":4784.15,"end":4784.35},{"text":"abuses.","start":4784.35,"end":4784.87}]},{"text":"There are two ways, possible ways of addressing this.","start":4785.99,"end":4790.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":4785.99,"end":4786.19},{"text":"are","start":4786.19,"end":4786.31},{"text":"two","start":4786.31,"end":4786.47},{"text":"ways,","start":4786.47,"end":4787.11},{"text":"possible","start":4788.71,"end":4789.15},{"text":"ways","start":4789.15,"end":4789.35},{"text":"of","start":4789.35,"end":4789.43},{"text":"addressing","start":4789.43,"end":4789.91},{"text":"this.","start":4789.91,"end":4790.23}]},{"text":"First, the definition could clarify that it's intended to operate within the context and for the purposes of the LBI and is without prejudice to broader definitions or understandings of human rights abuse under other legal regimes or normative standards.","start":4791.15,"end":4805.11,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":4791.15,"end":4791.35},{"text":"the","start":4791.35,"end":4791.47},{"text":"definition","start":4791.67,"end":4792.15},{"text":"could","start":4792.15,"end":4792.27},{"text":"clarify","start":4792.27,"end":4792.79},{"text":"that","start":4792.79,"end":4793.11},{"text":"it's","start":4793.35,"end":4793.75},{"text":"intended","start":4793.75,"end":4794.47},{"text":"to","start":4794.47,"end":4794.59},{"text":"operate","start":4794.59,"end":4795.11},{"text":"within","start":4795.11,"end":4795.35},{"text":"the","start":4795.35,"end":4795.47},{"text":"context","start":4795.47,"end":4796.15},{"text":"and","start":4796.15,"end":4796.31},{"text":"for","start":4796.31,"end":4796.43},{"text":"the","start":4796.43,"end":4796.55},{"text":"purposes","start":4796.55,"end":4797.03},{"text":"of","start":4797.03,"end":4797.11},{"text":"the","start":4797.11,"end":4797.19},{"text":"LBI","start":4797.19,"end":4797.67},{"text":"and","start":4798.23,"end":4798.43},{"text":"is","start":4798.43,"end":4798.55},{"text":"without","start":4798.55,"end":4798.83},{"text":"prejudice","start":4798.83,"end":4799.51},{"text":"to","start":4799.51,"end":4799.67},{"text":"broader","start":4799.67,"end":4799.99},{"text":"definitions","start":4799.99,"end":4800.79},{"text":"or","start":4800.79,"end":4800.91},{"text":"understandings","start":4800.91,"end":4801.51},{"text":"of","start":4801.51,"end":4801.59},{"text":"human","start":4801.59,"end":4801.83},{"text":"rights","start":4801.83,"end":4801.99},{"text":"abuse","start":4801.99,"end":4802.47},{"text":"under","start":4802.47,"end":4802.87},{"text":"other","start":4802.87,"end":4803.07},{"text":"legal","start":4803.07,"end":4803.35},{"text":"regimes","start":4803.35,"end":4803.91},{"text":"or","start":4803.91,"end":4804.11},{"text":"normative","start":4804.11,"end":4804.51},{"text":"standards.","start":4804.51,"end":4805.11}]},{"text":"Another way is for the definition itself to be reformulated so as to make clear that all business enterprises are capable of causing or being involved in human rights abuses.","start":4805.91,"end":4816.95,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Another","start":4805.91,"end":4806.31},{"text":"way","start":4806.31,"end":4806.71},{"text":"is","start":4807.11,"end":4807.51},{"text":"for","start":4807.51,"end":4807.75},{"text":"the","start":4807.75,"end":4807.91},{"text":"definition","start":4807.91,"end":4808.63},{"text":"itself","start":4808.63,"end":4809.27},{"text":"to","start":4809.27,"end":4809.39},{"text":"be","start":4809.39,"end":4809.59},{"text":"reformulated","start":4809.59,"end":4810.47},{"text":"so","start":4811.27,"end":4811.43},{"text":"as","start":4811.43,"end":4811.55},{"text":"to","start":4811.55,"end":4811.67},{"text":"make","start":4811.67,"end":4811.87},{"text":"clear","start":4811.87,"end":4812.23},{"text":"that","start":4812.23,"end":4812.51},{"text":"all","start":4812.51,"end":4812.71},{"text":"business","start":4812.71,"end":4813.03},{"text":"enterprises","start":4813.03,"end":4813.67},{"text":"are","start":4813.67,"end":4813.75},{"text":"capable","start":4813.75,"end":4814.19},{"text":"of","start":4814.19,"end":4814.31},{"text":"causing","start":4814.31,"end":4814.87},{"text":"or","start":4815.03,"end":4815.15},{"text":"being","start":4815.15,"end":4815.31},{"text":"involved","start":4815.31,"end":4815.67},{"text":"in","start":4815.67,"end":4815.79},{"text":"human","start":4815.79,"end":4816.07},{"text":"rights","start":4816.07,"end":4816.31},{"text":"abuses.","start":4816.35,"end":4816.95}]},{"text":"Such a definition could read as follows: \"Human rights abuse shall mean an adverse human rights impact that results from acts or omissions of business enterprises, including state and non-state activities that take place in the context of business activities, without prejudice to the responsibility of states for human rights violations under international law.\"","start":4818.03,"end":4841.15,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4863.15,"end":4863.31},{"text":"for","start":4863.31,"end":4863.51},{"text":"example,","start":4863.51,"end":4864.27},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4864.75,"end":4865.63},{"text":"under","start":4865.63,"end":4865.95},{"text":"Article","start":4865.95,"end":4866.67},{"text":"9.1a","start":4866.75,"end":4868.19},{"text":"is","start":4868.59,"end":4868.79},{"text":"established","start":4868.79,"end":4869.51},{"text":"where","start":4869.51,"end":4869.71},{"text":"the","start":4869.71,"end":4869.83},{"text":"human","start":4869.83,"end":4870.15},{"text":"rights","start":4870.15,"end":4870.35},{"text":"abuse","start":4870.35,"end":4870.75},{"text":"took","start":4870.75,"end":4870.99},{"text":"place.","start":4870.99,"end":4871.47}]},{"text":"So the shift from acts and omissions to adverse impact under the proposed new definition of human rights abuse would redirect the focus of this article from the place where the acts or omission occurred to the place of the harm, which is already addressed by Article 9.1.","start":4872.07,"end":4890.63,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. 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Article 10.2b presents similar challenges.","start":4902.19,"end":4905.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":4902.19,"end":4902.75},{"text":"Article","start":4902.75,"end":4903.23},{"text":"10.2b","start":4903.23,"end":4904.19},{"text":"presents","start":4904.19,"end":4904.75},{"text":"similar","start":4904.75,"end":4905.15},{"text":"challenges.","start":4905.15,"end":4905.79}]},{"text":"So, these are just two examples to illustrate that the repercussions of the changes in the definition on all the parts of the text and the need to undertake a holistic analysis to determine whether the new definition works well across the entire text and if there might be a need for changes in other articles to make it 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you very much.","start":4927.07,"end":4927.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4927.07,"end":4927.23},{"text":"you","start":4927.23,"end":4927.31},{"text":"very","start":4927.31,"end":4927.47},{"text":"much.","start":4927.47,"end":4927.79}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"FIDH","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"FIDH"}},{"statement_number":51,"start":4935.83,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:22:16","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":4935.83,"end":4936.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4935.83,"end":4936.07},{"text":"you.","start":4936.07,"end":4936.19}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Franciscans 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the Center for International Environmental Law, and International Service for Human 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know that the Chair's proposal for article 1.3 does not reference the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment, as was explicitly mentioned in the third draft, and even though several states propose its re-inclusion during past negotiations, as by Palestine in the current session, also as mentioned in the Chair's proposal and summary.","start":4952.59,"end":4970.91,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. 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Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4995.63,"end":4995.79},{"text":"is","start":4995.79,"end":4995.91},{"text":"important","start":4995.91,"end":4996.31},{"text":"to","start":4996.31,"end":4996.39},{"text":"explicitly","start":4996.39,"end":4996.99},{"text":"mention","start":4996.99,"end":4997.47},{"text":"the","start":4997.47,"end":4997.55},{"text":"right","start":4997.55,"end":4997.99},{"text":"to","start":4997.99,"end":4998.11},{"text":"a","start":4998.11,"end":4998.19},{"text":"clean,","start":4998.19,"end":4998.51},{"text":"healthy,","start":4998.51,"end":4998.79},{"text":"and","start":4998.79,"end":4998.91},{"text":"sustainable","start":4998.91,"end":4999.35},{"text":"environment","start":4999.35,"end":4999.95},{"text":"in","start":4999.95,"end":5000.11},{"text":"Article","start":5000.11,"end":5000.51},{"text":"1.","start":5000.51,"end":5000.83}]},{"text":"We note the incorporation of environment in the 2025 Chair proposal for Article 6 and think that its incorporation in the definition of human rights abuse would ensure greater coherence for the implementation and interpretation of the Treaty.","start":5001.51,"end":5014.87,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5001.51,"end":5001.67},{"text":"note","start":5001.67,"end":5001.91},{"text":"the","start":5001.91,"end":5002.03},{"text":"incorporation","start":5002.03,"end":5002.71},{"text":"of","start":5002.71,"end":5002.87},{"text":"environment","start":5002.87,"end":5003.59},{"text":"in","start":5003.59,"end":5003.67},{"text":"the","start":5003.67,"end":5003.75},{"text":"2025","start":5003.75,"end":5005.03},{"text":"Chair","start":5005.03,"end":5005.23},{"text":"proposal","start":5005.23,"end":5005.67},{"text":"for","start":5005.67,"end":5005.87},{"text":"Article","start":5005.87,"end":5006.23},{"text":"6","start":5006.23,"end":5006.71},{"text":"and","start":5006.95,"end":5007.19},{"text":"think","start":5007.19,"end":5007.35},{"text":"that","start":5007.35,"end":5007.59},{"text":"its","start":5007.59,"end":5007.71},{"text":"incorporation","start":5007.71,"end":5008.31},{"text":"in","start":5008.31,"end":5008.39},{"text":"the","start":5008.39,"end":5008.51},{"text":"definition","start":5008.51,"end":5009.07},{"text":"of","start":5009.07,"end":5009.19},{"text":"human","start":5009.19,"end":5009.47},{"text":"rights","start":5009.47,"end":5009.71},{"text":"abuse","start":5009.71,"end":5010.15},{"text":"would","start":5010.31,"end":5010.63},{"text":"ensure","start":5010.63,"end":5011.03},{"text":"greater","start":5011.03,"end":5011.51},{"text":"coherence","start":5011.51,"end":5012.15},{"text":"for","start":5012.15,"end":5012.39},{"text":"the","start":5012.39,"end":5012.47},{"text":"implementation","start":5012.47,"end":5013.35},{"text":"and","start":5013.35,"end":5013.47},{"text":"interpretation","start":5013.47,"end":5014.19},{"text":"of","start":5014.19,"end":5014.27},{"text":"the","start":5014.27,"end":5014.35},{"text":"Treaty.","start":5014.35,"end":5014.87}]},{"text":"Similarly, and as suggested by various delegations, we would also encourage the inclusion of the right to a healthy environment in the Preamble.","start":5015.35,"end":5023.19,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"Similarly,","start":5015.35,"end":5016.07},{"text":"and","start":5016.31,"end":5016.63},{"text":"as","start":5016.63,"end":5016.95},{"text":"suggested","start":5016.95,"end":5017.59},{"text":"by","start":5017.59,"end":5017.71},{"text":"various","start":5017.71,"end":5018.15},{"text":"delegations,","start":5018.15,"end":5018.91},{"text":"we","start":5019.19,"end":5019.35},{"text":"would","start":5019.35,"end":5019.51},{"text":"also","start":5019.51,"end":5019.75},{"text":"encourage","start":5019.75,"end":5020.23},{"text":"the","start":5020.23,"end":5020.31},{"text":"inclusion","start":5020.31,"end":5020.87},{"text":"of","start":5020.87,"end":5020.99},{"text":"the","start":5020.99,"end":5021.07},{"text":"right","start":5021.07,"end":5021.31},{"text":"to","start":5021.31,"end":5021.39},{"text":"a","start":5021.39,"end":5021.43},{"text":"healthy","start":5021.43,"end":5021.79},{"text":"environment","start":5021.79,"end":5022.35},{"text":"in","start":5022.35,"end":5022.47},{"text":"the","start":5022.47,"end":5022.59},{"text":"Preamble.","start":5022.59,"end":5023.19}]},{"text":"Lastly, on the discussion on the language on abuses and violations, we also support Brazil and Palestine's statements.","start":5023.75,"end":5029.51,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Lastly,","start":5023.75,"end":5024.27},{"text":"on","start":5024.27,"end":5024.39},{"text":"the","start":5024.39,"end":5024.47},{"text":"discussion","start":5024.47,"end":5025.03},{"text":"on","start":5025.03,"end":5025.11},{"text":"the","start":5025.11,"end":5025.19},{"text":"language","start":5025.19,"end":5025.63},{"text":"on","start":5025.63,"end":5025.75},{"text":"abuses","start":5025.75,"end":5026.23},{"text":"and","start":5026.23,"end":5026.35},{"text":"violations,","start":5026.35,"end":5027.07},{"text":"we","start":5027.19,"end":5027.35},{"text":"also","start":5027.35,"end":5027.59},{"text":"support","start":5027.59,"end":5027.91},{"text":"Brazil","start":5027.91,"end":5028.23},{"text":"and","start":5028.23,"end":5028.35},{"text":"Palestine's","start":5028.35,"end":5028.99},{"text":"statements.","start":5028.99,"end":5029.51}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5029.67,"end":5030.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5029.67,"end":5029.91},{"text":"you.","start":5029.91,"end":5030.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Franciscans International","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Franciscans International"}},{"statement_number":53,"start":5035.39,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:23:56","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":5035.39,"end":5035.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5035.39,"end":5035.67},{"text":"you.","start":5035.67,"end":5035.75}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the International Trade Union Confederation.","start":5037.43,"end":5040.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5037.43,"end":5037.59},{"text":"give","start":5037.59,"end":5037.83},{"text":"the","start":5037.83,"end":5037.99},{"text":"floor","start":5037.99,"end":5038.47},{"text":"to","start":5038.47,"end":5038.71},{"text":"the","start":5038.71,"end":5038.91},{"text":"International","start":5038.91,"end":5039.75},{"text":"Trade","start":5039.75,"end":5040.03},{"text":"Union","start":5040.03,"end":5040.31},{"text":"Confederation.","start":5040.31,"end":5040.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":54,"start":5044.55,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:24:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I speak on behalf of the global labour movement.","start":5044.55,"end":5047.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5044.55,"end":5044.71},{"text":"speak","start":5044.71,"end":5045.15},{"text":"on","start":5045.15,"end":5045.27},{"text":"behalf","start":5045.27,"end":5045.67},{"text":"of","start":5045.67,"end":5045.75},{"text":"the","start":5045.75,"end":5045.87},{"text":"global","start":5045.87,"end":5046.27},{"text":"labour","start":5046.27,"end":5046.55},{"text":"movement.","start":5046.55,"end":5047.11}]},{"text":"Chair, we can broadly support the new suggested language and agree with the rationale of maintaining a distinction between the concept of human rights abuse and violations for the recent seat.","start":5047.99,"end":5060.79,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":5047.99,"end":5048.31},{"text":"we","start":5048.55,"end":5048.79},{"text":"can","start":5048.79,"end":5048.95},{"text":"broadly","start":5048.95,"end":5049.35},{"text":"support","start":5049.35,"end":5049.91},{"text":"the","start":5049.91,"end":5050.03},{"text":"new","start":5050.03,"end":5050.23},{"text":"suggested","start":5050.23,"end":5050.79},{"text":"language","start":5050.79,"end":5051.19},{"text":"and","start":5051.27,"end":5051.51},{"text":"agree","start":5051.51,"end":5051.99},{"text":"with","start":5052.63,"end":5052.83},{"text":"the","start":5052.83,"end":5052.91},{"text":"rationale","start":5052.91,"end":5053.39},{"text":"of","start":5053.51,"end":5053.67},{"text":"maintaining","start":5053.67,"end":5054.39},{"text":"a","start":5054.39,"end":5054.55},{"text":"distinction","start":5054.55,"end":5055.35},{"text":"between","start":5055.35,"end":5055.83},{"text":"the","start":5055.83,"end":5055.91},{"text":"concept","start":5055.91,"end":5056.43},{"text":"of","start":5056.43,"end":5056.55},{"text":"human","start":5056.55,"end":5056.95},{"text":"rights","start":5056.95,"end":5057.27},{"text":"abuse","start":5057.27,"end":5057.67},{"text":"and","start":5057.99,"end":5058.23},{"text":"violations","start":5058.23,"end":5059.03},{"text":"for","start":5059.43,"end":5059.67},{"text":"the","start":5059.67,"end":5059.79},{"text":"recent","start":5059.79,"end":5060.39},{"text":"seat.","start":5060.39,"end":5060.79}]},{"text":"As we mentioned in relation to Article 13, it would be important to take account of any consequential amendment that may need to be made in light of this change.","start":5061.27,"end":5070.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5061.27,"end":5061.43},{"text":"we","start":5061.43,"end":5061.55},{"text":"mentioned","start":5061.55,"end":5061.99},{"text":"in","start":5061.99,"end":5062.07},{"text":"relation","start":5062.07,"end":5062.47},{"text":"to","start":5062.47,"end":5062.55},{"text":"Article","start":5062.55,"end":5063.15},{"text":"13,","start":5063.15,"end":5063.51},{"text":"it","start":5063.59,"end":5063.75},{"text":"would","start":5063.75,"end":5063.91},{"text":"be","start":5063.91,"end":5064.03},{"text":"important","start":5064.03,"end":5064.59},{"text":"to","start":5064.59,"end":5064.67},{"text":"take","start":5064.67,"end":5065.03},{"text":"account","start":5065.03,"end":5065.75},{"text":"of","start":5065.75,"end":5065.91},{"text":"any","start":5066.07,"end":5066.35},{"text":"consequential","start":5066.35,"end":5067.03},{"text":"amendment","start":5067.03,"end":5067.59},{"text":"that","start":5067.59,"end":5067.83},{"text":"may","start":5067.83,"end":5067.99},{"text":"need","start":5067.99,"end":5068.23},{"text":"to","start":5068.23,"end":5068.39},{"text":"be","start":5068.39,"end":5068.51},{"text":"made","start":5068.51,"end":5068.83},{"text":"in","start":5069.27,"end":5069.43},{"text":"light","start":5069.43,"end":5069.83},{"text":"of","start":5069.83,"end":5070.03},{"text":"this","start":5070.03,"end":5070.23},{"text":"change.","start":5070.23,"end":5070.67}]},{"text":"Chair, we acknowledge that the LBI intends to create a specific state's duty regarding prevention and remedy of harm suffered in the context of transnational business activities and relationship.","start":5071.39,"end":5083.79,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":5071.39,"end":5071.63},{"text":"we","start":5071.87,"end":5072.07},{"text":"acknowledge","start":5072.07,"end":5072.83},{"text":"that","start":5072.83,"end":5073.07},{"text":"the","start":5073.07,"end":5073.19},{"text":"LBI","start":5073.19,"end":5073.79},{"text":"intends","start":5073.79,"end":5074.35},{"text":"to","start":5074.35,"end":5074.47},{"text":"create","start":5074.47,"end":5074.91},{"text":"a","start":5074.91,"end":5074.95},{"text":"specific","start":5074.95,"end":5075.63},{"text":"state's","start":5075.63,"end":5076.11},{"text":"duty","start":5076.11,"end":5076.51},{"text":"regarding","start":5076.83,"end":5077.35},{"text":"prevention","start":5077.35,"end":5078.03},{"text":"and","start":5078.03,"end":5078.27},{"text":"remedy","start":5078.27,"end":5078.75},{"text":"of","start":5078.75,"end":5078.99},{"text":"harm","start":5078.99,"end":5079.39},{"text":"suffered","start":5079.63,"end":5080.15},{"text":"in","start":5080.15,"end":5080.23},{"text":"the","start":5080.23,"end":5080.31},{"text":"context","start":5080.31,"end":5080.87},{"text":"of","start":5080.87,"end":5080.99},{"text":"transnational","start":5080.99,"end":5081.71},{"text":"business","start":5081.71,"end":5082.23},{"text":"activities","start":5082.23,"end":5082.91},{"text":"and","start":5082.91,"end":5083.07},{"text":"relationship.","start":5083.07,"end":5083.79}]},{"text":"Thus, it has designated a specific term to refer to the harmful conduct of private sectors as human rights abuse that should be prevented or remedied.","start":5084.19,"end":5093.87,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"That,","start":5158.51,"end":5158.99},{"text":"that","start":5159.15,"end":5159.47},{"text":"chair,","start":5159.47,"end":5159.79},{"text":"is","start":5159.87,"end":5160.07},{"text":"a","start":5160.07,"end":5160.11},{"text":"violation.","start":5160.11,"end":5160.91}]},{"text":"It is true that such conduct by state is also regulated under different sources of international human rights law.","start":5161.39,"end":5167.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5161.39,"end":5161.59},{"text":"is","start":5161.59,"end":5161.71},{"text":"true","start":5161.71,"end":5162.11},{"text":"that","start":5162.27,"end":5162.47},{"text":"such","start":5162.47,"end":5162.75},{"text":"conduct","start":5162.75,"end":5163.23},{"text":"by","start":5163.23,"end":5163.39},{"text":"state","start":5163.39,"end":5163.87},{"text":"is","start":5163.87,"end":5164.11},{"text":"also","start":5164.11,"end":5164.47},{"text":"regulated","start":5164.47,"end":5165.07},{"text":"under","start":5165.07,"end":5165.39},{"text":"different","start":5165.39,"end":5165.83},{"text":"sources","start":5165.83,"end":5166.15},{"text":"of","start":5166.15,"end":5166.27},{"text":"international","start":5166.27,"end":5166.91},{"text":"human","start":5166.91,"end":5167.31},{"text":"rights","start":5167.31,"end":5167.63},{"text":"law.","start":5167.63,"end":5167.99}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, either here in the definition or as noted in the non-paper, a general provision on the duty of states to respect and ensure human rights in the context of business activity is needed.","start":5168.75,"end":5182.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless,","start":5168.75,"end":5169.39},{"text":"either","start":5169.99,"end":5170.19},{"text":"here","start":5170.19,"end":5170.59},{"text":"in","start":5170.59,"end":5170.67},{"text":"the","start":5170.67,"end":5170.75},{"text":"definition","start":5170.75,"end":5171.51},{"text":"or","start":5171.63,"end":5172.03},{"text":"as","start":5172.03,"end":5172.27},{"text":"noted","start":5172.27,"end":5172.63},{"text":"in","start":5172.63,"end":5172.71},{"text":"the","start":5172.71,"end":5172.79},{"text":"non-paper,","start":5172.79,"end":5173.71},{"text":"a","start":5173.95,"end":5174.03},{"text":"general","start":5174.03,"end":5174.51},{"text":"provision","start":5174.51,"end":5175.23},{"text":"on","start":5175.47,"end":5175.67},{"text":"the","start":5175.67,"end":5175.75},{"text":"duty","start":5175.75,"end":5176.19},{"text":"of","start":5176.19,"end":5176.35},{"text":"states","start":5176.35,"end":5176.83},{"text":"to","start":5176.83,"end":5176.95},{"text":"respect","start":5176.95,"end":5177.51},{"text":"and","start":5177.51,"end":5177.67},{"text":"ensure","start":5177.67,"end":5178.19},{"text":"human","start":5178.19,"end":5178.67},{"text":"rights","start":5178.67,"end":5179.03},{"text":"in","start":5179.03,"end":5179.15},{"text":"the","start":5179.15,"end":5179.23},{"text":"context","start":5179.23,"end":5179.83},{"text":"of","start":5179.87,"end":5180.03},{"text":"business","start":5180.03,"end":5180.51},{"text":"activity","start":5180.51,"end":5181.07},{"text":"is","start":5181.47,"end":5181.71},{"text":"needed.","start":5181.71,"end":5182.19}]},{"text":"Whether a standalone provision or as part of the duty of prevention or implementation, such a clause would serve to ground in this instrument the existing state obligation under international human rights law, from which other specific obligation regarding prevention, access to remedy, and international cooperation with regard to transnational business activities will follow.","start":5182.83,"end":5205.99,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5247.19,"end":5247.35},{"text":"international","start":5247.35,"end":5248.23},{"text":"human","start":5248.23,"end":5248.55},{"text":"rights","start":5248.55,"end":5248.79},{"text":"law,","start":5248.79,"end":5249.03},{"text":"there's","start":5249.11,"end":5249.43},{"text":"no","start":5249.43,"end":5249.59},{"text":"particular","start":5249.59,"end":5250.07},{"text":"difference","start":5250.07,"end":5250.39},{"text":"between","start":5250.39,"end":5250.75},{"text":"the","start":5250.75,"end":5250.87},{"text":"two","start":5250.87,"end":5251.27},{"text":"terms.","start":5251.51,"end":5252.31}]},{"text":"The main UN treaties on human rights, for example, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, the Convention Against Torture, and CEDAW talk about violations and not about abuse, as mentioned by Brazil.","start":5252.55,"end":5271.27,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5285.19,"end":5285.27},{"text":"definition","start":5285.27,"end":5286.03},{"text":"of","start":5286.03,"end":5286.11},{"text":"abuse","start":5286.11,"end":5286.91},{"text":"moves","start":5287.23,"end":5287.55},{"text":"away","start":5287.55,"end":5287.95},{"text":"from","start":5287.95,"end":5288.27},{"text":"the","start":5288.27,"end":5288.39},{"text":"logic","start":5288.39,"end":5288.99},{"text":"of","start":5288.99,"end":5289.11},{"text":"international","start":5289.11,"end":5289.59},{"text":"human","start":5289.59,"end":5289.83},{"text":"rights","start":5289.83,"end":5290.03},{"text":"law","start":5290.03,"end":5290.39},{"text":"and","start":5290.63,"end":5290.87},{"text":"any","start":5290.87,"end":5291.07},{"text":"impact","start":5291.07,"end":5291.63},{"text":"on","start":5291.63,"end":5291.71},{"text":"a","start":5291.71,"end":5291.75},{"text":"recognized","start":5291.75,"end":5292.43},{"text":"right,","start":5292.43,"end":5292.75},{"text":"only","start":5292.75,"end":5293.15},{"text":"restrictions","start":5293.15,"end":5293.87},{"text":"on","start":5293.87,"end":5294.07},{"text":"its","start":5294.07,"end":5294.31},{"text":"exercise,","start":5294.35,"end":5295.23},{"text":"represents","start":5295.71,"end":5296.27},{"text":"a","start":5296.27,"end":5296.35},{"text":"violation.","start":5296.35,"end":5296.99}]},{"text":"This violation places enterprises at the heart of the instrument instead of victims and affected communities are therefore represented as passive subjects.","start":5297.55,"end":5308.31,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5297.55,"end":5297.95},{"text":"violation","start":5297.95,"end":5298.67},{"text":"places","start":5298.67,"end":5299.15},{"text":"enterprises","start":5299.15,"end":5299.95},{"text":"at","start":5299.95,"end":5300.15},{"text":"the","start":5300.15,"end":5300.27},{"text":"heart","start":5300.27,"end":5300.75},{"text":"of","start":5300.95,"end":5301.07},{"text":"the","start":5301.07,"end":5301.19},{"text":"instrument","start":5301.19,"end":5301.87},{"text":"instead","start":5302.03,"end":5302.47},{"text":"of","start":5302.47,"end":5302.63},{"text":"victims","start":5302.63,"end":5303.07},{"text":"and","start":5303.07,"end":5303.23},{"text":"affected","start":5303.23,"end":5303.63},{"text":"communities","start":5303.63,"end":5304.51},{"text":"are","start":5304.83,"end":5305.15},{"text":"therefore","start":5305.71,"end":5306.11},{"text":"represented","start":5306.15,"end":5307.07},{"text":"as","start":5307.07,"end":5307.15},{"text":"passive","start":5307.15,"end":5307.71},{"text":"subjects.","start":5307.71,"end":5308.31}]},{"text":"International human rights law violations is not limited but it is a lack of being committed to an obligation that undermines a recognized right.","start":5309.07,"end":5321.11,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. 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The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."},{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."},{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. 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The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5469.79,"end":5469.99},{"text":"definition","start":5469.99,"end":5470.55},{"text":"should","start":5470.55,"end":5470.75},{"text":"capture","start":5470.75,"end":5471.11},{"text":"the","start":5471.11,"end":5471.23},{"text":"full","start":5471.23,"end":5471.47},{"text":"situation","start":5471.47,"end":5471.99},{"text":"of","start":5471.99,"end":5472.11},{"text":"harm","start":5472.11,"end":5472.59},{"text":"without","start":5472.71,"end":5473.15},{"text":"predetermining","start":5473.15,"end":5474.03},{"text":"who","start":5474.19,"end":5474.43},{"text":"may","start":5474.43,"end":5474.59},{"text":"be","start":5474.59,"end":5474.83},{"text":"legally","start":5474.83,"end":5475.39},{"text":"responsible.","start":5475.43,"end":5476.19}]},{"text":"The key is that limiting the treaty to transnational business activities should not mean limiting responsibility to the conduct of corporations alone.","start":5476.87,"end":5484.03,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5476.87,"end":5476.91},{"text":"key","start":5476.91,"end":5477.19},{"text":"is","start":5477.19,"end":5477.31},{"text":"that","start":5477.31,"end":5477.55},{"text":"limiting","start":5477.55,"end":5477.95},{"text":"the","start":5477.95,"end":5478.03},{"text":"treaty","start":5478.03,"end":5478.43},{"text":"to","start":5478.43,"end":5478.51},{"text":"transnational","start":5478.51,"end":5479.15},{"text":"business","start":5479.15,"end":5479.47},{"text":"activities","start":5479.47,"end":5480.03},{"text":"should","start":5480.03,"end":5480.23},{"text":"not","start":5480.23,"end":5480.43},{"text":"mean","start":5480.43,"end":5480.75},{"text":"limiting","start":5480.83,"end":5481.31},{"text":"responsibility","start":5481.31,"end":5482.11},{"text":"to","start":5482.11,"end":5482.27},{"text":"the","start":5482.27,"end":5482.35},{"text":"conduct","start":5482.35,"end":5482.75},{"text":"of","start":5482.75,"end":5482.83},{"text":"corporations","start":5482.83,"end":5483.55},{"text":"alone.","start":5483.55,"end":5484.03}]},{"text":"States as well as state-owned enterprises may facilitate, enable, participate in, or fail to prevent violations connected with those activities, and the treaty must address these situations as well.","start":5484.43,"end":5496.43,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"States","start":5484.43,"end":5484.99},{"text":"as","start":5484.99,"end":5485.15},{"text":"well","start":5485.15,"end":5485.31},{"text":"as","start":5485.31,"end":5485.39},{"text":"state-owned","start":5485.39,"end":5485.99},{"text":"enterprises","start":5485.99,"end":5486.83},{"text":"may","start":5487.07,"end":5487.31},{"text":"facilitate,","start":5487.31,"end":5488.11},{"text":"enable,","start":5488.43,"end":5489.07},{"text":"participate","start":5489.15,"end":5489.79},{"text":"in,","start":5489.79,"end":5490.11},{"text":"or","start":5490.11,"end":5490.27},{"text":"fail","start":5490.27,"end":5490.63},{"text":"to","start":5490.63,"end":5490.71},{"text":"prevent","start":5490.71,"end":5491.07},{"text":"violations","start":5491.07,"end":5491.79},{"text":"connected","start":5492.03,"end":5492.55},{"text":"with","start":5492.55,"end":5492.71},{"text":"those","start":5492.71,"end":5492.91},{"text":"activities,","start":5492.91,"end":5493.79},{"text":"and","start":5493.87,"end":5494.03},{"text":"the","start":5494.03,"end":5494.11},{"text":"treaty","start":5494.11,"end":5494.43},{"text":"must","start":5494.43,"end":5494.83},{"text":"address","start":5494.83,"end":5495.23},{"text":"these","start":5495.23,"end":5495.43},{"text":"situations","start":5495.43,"end":5495.95},{"text":"as","start":5495.95,"end":5496.03},{"text":"well.","start":5496.03,"end":5496.43}]},{"text":"Therefore, should a definition of Article 1.3 be retained, it should preserve the broad scope of business-related adverse human rights impacts, recognize that state and non-state actors can both contribute to the same harm, avoid treating corporate abuses and state violations as mutually exclusive, and preserve existing international law on state responsibility.","start":5497.07,"end":5518.39,"topics":[{"key":"abuse-vs-violation","label":"Human Rights Abuse vs. Violation","description":"Delegations debated whether corporate conduct should be defined as \"human rights abuse,\" \"human rights violation,\" or both. The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."},{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":5497.07,"end":5497.59},{"text":"should","start":5497.59,"end":5497.79},{"text":"a","start":5497.79,"end":5497.83},{"text":"definition","start":5497.83,"end":5498.43},{"text":"of","start":5498.43,"end":5498.51},{"text":"Article","start":5498.51,"end":5498.83},{"text":"1.3","start":5498.83,"end":5499.47},{"text":"be","start":5499.47,"end":5499.67},{"text":"retained,","start":5499.67,"end":5500.19},{"text":"it","start":5500.83,"end":5500.99},{"text":"should","start":5500.99,"end":5501.31},{"text":"preserve","start":5501.47,"end":5501.91},{"text":"the","start":5501.91,"end":5502.03},{"text":"broad","start":5502.03,"end":5502.27},{"text":"scope","start":5502.27,"end":5502.59},{"text":"of","start":5502.59,"end":5502.75},{"text":"business-related","start":5502.75,"end":5503.55},{"text":"adverse","start":5503.55,"end":5503.95},{"text":"human","start":5503.95,"end":5504.23},{"text":"rights","start":5504.23,"end":5504.47},{"text":"impacts,","start":5504.47,"end":5505.07},{"text":"recognize","start":5505.71,"end":5506.31},{"text":"that","start":5506.31,"end":5506.47},{"text":"state","start":5506.47,"end":5506.79},{"text":"and","start":5506.79,"end":5507.11},{"text":"non-state","start":5507.43,"end":5507.99},{"text":"actors","start":5507.99,"end":5508.39},{"text":"can","start":5508.39,"end":5508.55},{"text":"both","start":5508.55,"end":5508.79},{"text":"contribute","start":5508.79,"end":5509.31},{"text":"to","start":5509.31,"end":5509.39},{"text":"the","start":5509.39,"end":5509.51},{"text":"same","start":5509.51,"end":5509.83},{"text":"harm,","start":5509.83,"end":5510.23},{"text":"avoid","start":5510.95,"end":5511.31},{"text":"treating","start":5511.31,"end":5511.75},{"text":"corporate","start":5511.75,"end":5512.15},{"text":"abuses","start":5512.15,"end":5512.55},{"text":"and","start":5512.55,"end":5512.67},{"text":"state","start":5512.67,"end":5512.95},{"text":"violations","start":5512.95,"end":5513.43},{"text":"as","start":5513.43,"end":5513.59},{"text":"mutually","start":5513.59,"end":5514.03},{"text":"exclusive,","start":5514.03,"end":5514.71},{"text":"and","start":5515.35,"end":5515.51},{"text":"preserve","start":5515.51,"end":5515.99},{"text":"existing","start":5515.99,"end":5516.43},{"text":"international","start":5516.43,"end":5516.99},{"text":"law","start":5516.99,"end":5517.15},{"text":"on","start":5517.15,"end":5517.31},{"text":"state","start":5517.31,"end":5517.59},{"text":"responsibility.","start":5517.59,"end":5518.39}]},{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":5518.55,"end":5522.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5518.55,"end":5518.83},{"text":"you,","start":5518.83,"end":5518.91},{"text":"Mr.","start":5518.91,"end":5519.43},{"text":"Chair.","start":5522.15,"end":5522.31}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"FIAN","group":"FIAN International and FIDH","function":null,"affiliation_full":"FIAN"}},{"statement_number":60,"start":5523.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:32:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":5523.35,"end":5524.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5523.35,"end":5523.51},{"text":"you","start":5523.51,"end":5523.59},{"text":"very","start":5523.59,"end":5523.75},{"text":"much.","start":5523.75,"end":5524.15}]},{"text":"That was the last speaker on my list.","start":5525.11,"end":5528.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":5525.11,"end":5525.35},{"text":"was","start":5525.35,"end":5525.47},{"text":"the","start":5525.47,"end":5525.55},{"text":"last","start":5525.55,"end":5526.23},{"text":"speaker","start":5526.39,"end":5527.03},{"text":"on","start":5527.67,"end":5527.91},{"text":"my","start":5527.91,"end":5528.07},{"text":"list.","start":5528.07,"end":5528.55}]},{"text":"I would like to thank all of you for your contributions, those who participated in the exchange of views on the amendments proposed to article 1.3.","start":5529.83,"end":5542.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5529.83,"end":5529.87},{"text":"would","start":5529.87,"end":5529.99},{"text":"like","start":5529.99,"end":5530.23},{"text":"to","start":5530.23,"end":5530.47},{"text":"thank","start":5530.47,"end":5531.03},{"text":"all","start":5531.79,"end":5531.99},{"text":"of","start":5531.99,"end":5532.15},{"text":"you","start":5532.15,"end":5532.47},{"text":"for","start":5533.55,"end":5533.79},{"text":"your","start":5533.79,"end":5534.11},{"text":"contributions,","start":5534.11,"end":5535.07},{"text":"those","start":5535.07,"end":5535.35},{"text":"who","start":5535.35,"end":5535.47},{"text":"participated","start":5535.47,"end":5536.27},{"text":"in","start":5536.27,"end":5536.43},{"text":"the","start":5536.43,"end":5536.55},{"text":"exchange","start":5536.55,"end":5536.99},{"text":"of","start":5536.99,"end":5537.15},{"text":"views","start":5537.15,"end":5537.71},{"text":"on","start":5538.11,"end":5538.43},{"text":"the","start":5538.43,"end":5538.63},{"text":"amendments","start":5538.75,"end":5539.39},{"text":"proposed","start":5539.39,"end":5540.07},{"text":"to","start":5540.07,"end":5540.35},{"text":"article","start":5540.43,"end":5541.47},{"text":"1.3.","start":5541.79,"end":5542.51}]},{"text":"Now, let us turn to proposal 12 related to the definition of business activities of article 1.4.","start":5545.79,"end":5555.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":5545.79,"end":5546.35},{"text":"let","start":5547.07,"end":5547.31},{"text":"us","start":5547.31,"end":5547.55},{"text":"turn","start":5547.55,"end":5547.95},{"text":"to","start":5547.95,"end":5548.19},{"text":"proposal","start":5548.19,"end":5548.83},{"text":"12","start":5548.83,"end":5549.55},{"text":"related","start":5549.55,"end":5550.11},{"text":"to","start":5550.11,"end":5550.75},{"text":"the","start":5550.75,"end":5550.99},{"text":"definition","start":5550.99,"end":5551.87},{"text":"of","start":5551.87,"end":5552.19},{"text":"business","start":5552.19,"end":5552.59},{"text":"activities","start":5552.59,"end":5553.55},{"text":"of","start":5553.95,"end":5554.03},{"text":"article","start":5554.03,"end":5554.59},{"text":"1.4.","start":5554.67,"end":5555.47}]},{"text":"The objective of This amendment is to improve the technical presentation of the text and align the definition with business relationship, avoiding any possible conceptual overlap.","start":5556.19,"end":5572.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5556.19,"end":5556.47},{"text":"objective","start":5556.47,"end":5557.39},{"text":"of","start":5557.75,"end":5558.03},{"text":"This","start":5558.95,"end":5559.19},{"text":"amendment","start":5559.19,"end":5559.99},{"text":"is","start":5559.99,"end":5560.63},{"text":"to","start":5560.63,"end":5560.83},{"text":"improve","start":5560.83,"end":5561.27},{"text":"the","start":5561.27,"end":5561.43},{"text":"technical","start":5561.43,"end":5561.87},{"text":"presentation","start":5561.87,"end":5562.63},{"text":"of","start":5562.63,"end":5562.71},{"text":"the","start":5562.71,"end":5562.87},{"text":"text","start":5562.87,"end":5563.23},{"text":"and","start":5563.23,"end":5563.35},{"text":"align","start":5563.35,"end":5563.79},{"text":"the","start":5563.79,"end":5563.87},{"text":"definition","start":5563.87,"end":5564.63},{"text":"with","start":5564.71,"end":5565.27},{"text":"business","start":5565.83,"end":5566.39},{"text":"relationship,","start":5566.39,"end":5567.27},{"text":"avoiding","start":5567.99,"end":5568.95},{"text":"any","start":5569.55,"end":5569.83},{"text":"possible","start":5569.83,"end":5570.63},{"text":"conceptual","start":5570.63,"end":5571.51},{"text":"overlap.","start":5571.51,"end":5572.31}]},{"text":"And this is why I invite you to look at this proposal in connection to proposal 14 on article 1.6.","start":5573.03,"end":5580.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5573.03,"end":5573.27},{"text":"this","start":5573.27,"end":5573.43},{"text":"is","start":5573.43,"end":5573.59},{"text":"why","start":5573.59,"end":5574.03},{"text":"I","start":5574.03,"end":5574.07},{"text":"invite","start":5574.07,"end":5574.55},{"text":"you","start":5574.55,"end":5574.71},{"text":"to","start":5574.71,"end":5575.03},{"text":"look","start":5575.03,"end":5575.27},{"text":"at","start":5575.27,"end":5575.35},{"text":"this","start":5575.35,"end":5575.59},{"text":"proposal","start":5575.59,"end":5576.39},{"text":"in","start":5576.63,"end":5576.83},{"text":"connection","start":5576.83,"end":5577.31},{"text":"to","start":5577.31,"end":5577.39},{"text":"proposal","start":5577.39,"end":5578.07},{"text":"14","start":5578.07,"end":5578.71},{"text":"on","start":5578.71,"end":5578.79},{"text":"article","start":5578.79,"end":5579.47},{"text":"1.6.","start":5579.47,"end":5580.31}]},{"text":"During the inter-session of thematic consultations, many delegations supported an indicative definition and not an exhaustive definition that is in a position to cover sectors that run the potential risk for human rights.","start":5581.03,"end":5603.59,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"During","start":5581.03,"end":5581.43},{"text":"the","start":5581.43,"end":5581.55},{"text":"inter-session","start":5581.55,"end":5582.79},{"text":"of","start":5582.79,"end":5582.91},{"text":"thematic","start":5582.91,"end":5583.39},{"text":"consultations,","start":5583.39,"end":5584.55},{"text":"many","start":5584.87,"end":5585.19},{"text":"delegations","start":5585.19,"end":5586.03},{"text":"supported","start":5586.03,"end":5587.11},{"text":"an","start":5587.95,"end":5588.03},{"text":"indicative","start":5588.03,"end":5588.71},{"text":"definition","start":5588.71,"end":5589.51},{"text":"and","start":5589.51,"end":5589.71},{"text":"not","start":5589.71,"end":5589.87},{"text":"an","start":5589.87,"end":5589.99},{"text":"exhaustive","start":5589.99,"end":5590.63},{"text":"definition","start":5590.63,"end":5591.91},{"text":"that","start":5592.63,"end":5592.95},{"text":"is","start":5592.95,"end":5593.27},{"text":"in","start":5593.27,"end":5593.43},{"text":"a","start":5593.43,"end":5593.51},{"text":"position","start":5593.67,"end":5594.39},{"text":"to","start":5594.39,"end":5594.63},{"text":"cover","start":5594.63,"end":5595.11},{"text":"sectors","start":5595.59,"end":5596.47},{"text":"that","start":5596.47,"end":5597.11},{"text":"run","start":5598.95,"end":5599.19},{"text":"the","start":5599.19,"end":5599.27},{"text":"potential","start":5599.27,"end":5600.07},{"text":"risk","start":5600.63,"end":5601.27},{"text":"for","start":5602.55,"end":5602.79},{"text":"human","start":5602.79,"end":5603.11},{"text":"rights.","start":5603.11,"end":5603.59}]},{"text":"Different delegations support that expressly the word extraction for the impact produced by extractive industries and also referred to financing and investment, while others warned on possible gaps that may be generated through the elimination of the term state-owned enterprises.","start":5603.59,"end":5629.59,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. 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The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"Other","start":5665.31,"end":5665.47},{"text":"delegations","start":5665.47,"end":5666.31},{"text":"also","start":5666.31,"end":5666.99},{"text":"highlight","start":5667.23,"end":5667.63},{"text":"the","start":5667.63,"end":5667.75},{"text":"fact","start":5667.75,"end":5668.03},{"text":"that","start":5668.03,"end":5668.15},{"text":"there","start":5668.15,"end":5668.39},{"text":"is","start":5668.39,"end":5668.51},{"text":"an","start":5668.51,"end":5668.67},{"text":"overlap","start":5668.67,"end":5669.23},{"text":"between","start":5669.23,"end":5669.91},{"text":"business","start":5669.91,"end":5670.35},{"text":"activities","start":5670.35,"end":5671.39},{"text":"and","start":5671.39,"end":5671.87},{"text":"business","start":5672.27,"end":5672.83},{"text":"relationship.","start":5672.83,"end":5673.63}]},{"text":"And this is why it will be appropriate to decide on what should be included when we refer to business structures or form of business enterprises.","start":5675.63,"end":5688.43,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":5707.55,"end":5708.27},{"text":"the","start":5710.11,"end":5710.31},{"text":"indicative","start":5710.31,"end":5710.83},{"text":"list","start":5710.83,"end":5711.31},{"text":"is","start":5711.31,"end":5711.63},{"text":"broadened","start":5711.63,"end":5712.19},{"text":"while","start":5712.43,"end":5712.91},{"text":"remaining","start":5712.91,"end":5713.47},{"text":"open","start":5713.47,"end":5713.95},{"text":"with","start":5713.95,"end":5714.39},{"text":"the","start":5714.39,"end":5714.47},{"text":"exploration,","start":5715.15,"end":5715.95},{"text":"extraction,","start":5715.95,"end":5716.83},{"text":"processing,","start":5716.83,"end":5717.55},{"text":"as","start":5717.95,"end":5718.19},{"text":"well","start":5718.19,"end":5718.47},{"text":"as","start":5718.47,"end":5718.67},{"text":"financing,","start":5719.27,"end":5720.07},{"text":"investment,","start":5720.15,"end":5721.19},{"text":"and","start":5721.27,"end":5721.75},{"text":"insurance.","start":5721.75,"end":5722.27}]},{"text":"Third, move to article 1.6, the list of business enterprises, state companies, financial institutions, investment funds, transnational corporations, and joint enterprises.","start":5724.55,"end":5742.79,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5724.55,"end":5724.95},{"text":"move","start":5727.99,"end":5728.47},{"text":"to","start":5728.47,"end":5728.63},{"text":"article","start":5728.63,"end":5729.31},{"text":"1.6,","start":5729.31,"end":5730.23},{"text":"the","start":5730.31,"end":5730.59},{"text":"list","start":5730.63,"end":5731.35},{"text":"of","start":5731.59,"end":5731.83},{"text":"business","start":5732.71,"end":5733.11},{"text":"enterprises,","start":5733.11,"end":5733.91},{"text":"state","start":5733.91,"end":5734.19},{"text":"companies,","start":5734.19,"end":5734.95},{"text":"financial","start":5734.95,"end":5735.51},{"text":"institutions,","start":5735.51,"end":5736.47},{"text":"investment","start":5736.47,"end":5737.11},{"text":"funds,","start":5737.11,"end":5737.59},{"text":"transnational","start":5737.59,"end":5738.63},{"text":"corporations,","start":5739.35,"end":5740.47},{"text":"and","start":5740.47,"end":5740.95},{"text":"joint","start":5740.95,"end":5741.51},{"text":"enterprises.","start":5741.75,"end":5742.79}]},{"text":"while the definition of business relationship covers both state and non-state entities and explicitly includes financial institutions, investment funds and transnational business groups.","start":5745.27,"end":5760.83,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. 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as a reference to the work of the Group on Business and Human Rights and also reference to the Office of the High Commissioner, something we already did in the beginning of this 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with this introduction, I'd like to open the floor to States that wish to make comments or statements related to proposal 12 in connection with the new proposals related to article 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provided.","start":5819.71,"end":5824.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5819.71,"end":5819.99},{"text":"you,","start":5819.99,"end":5820.11},{"text":"Chair,","start":5820.11,"end":5820.51},{"text":"and","start":5820.79,"end":5820.91},{"text":"thank","start":5820.91,"end":5821.19},{"text":"you","start":5821.19,"end":5821.31},{"text":"for","start":5821.31,"end":5821.63},{"text":"the","start":5821.63,"end":5821.71},{"text":"introduction","start":5821.71,"end":5822.35},{"text":"and","start":5822.35,"end":5822.55},{"text":"the","start":5822.55,"end":5822.63},{"text":"additional","start":5822.63,"end":5823.47},{"text":"clarifications","start":5823.47,"end":5824.35},{"text":"provided.","start":5824.35,"end":5824.83}]},{"text":"We would nevertheless seek additional clarification on the meaning of \"other activity\", which remains unclear to us.","start":5825.15,"end":5833.55,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5825.15,"end":5825.87},{"text":"would","start":5825.87,"end":5826.19},{"text":"nevertheless","start":5826.27,"end":5827.07},{"text":"seek","start":5827.07,"end":5827.31},{"text":"additional","start":5827.31,"end":5827.79},{"text":"clarification","start":5827.79,"end":5828.91},{"text":"on","start":5828.91,"end":5828.99},{"text":"the","start":5828.99,"end":5829.15},{"text":"meaning","start":5829.15,"end":5829.63},{"text":"of","start":5829.71,"end":5830.11},{"text":"\"other","start":5830.27,"end":5830.75},{"text":"activity\",","start":5830.75,"end":5831.47},{"text":"which","start":5831.47,"end":5831.71},{"text":"remains","start":5831.71,"end":5832.27},{"text":"unclear","start":5832.27,"end":5832.99},{"text":"to","start":5832.99,"end":5833.23},{"text":"us.","start":5833.31,"end":5833.55}]},{"text":"Is it intended to encompass non-economic or not-for-profit activities?","start":5833.87,"end":5838.83,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Is","start":5833.87,"end":5834.03},{"text":"it","start":5834.03,"end":5834.11},{"text":"intended","start":5834.11,"end":5834.83},{"text":"to","start":5834.83,"end":5835.03},{"text":"encompass","start":5835.03,"end":5835.63},{"text":"non-economic","start":5835.63,"end":5836.75},{"text":"or","start":5836.83,"end":5837.15},{"text":"not-for-profit","start":5837.23,"end":5838.07},{"text":"activities?","start":5838.07,"end":5838.83}]},{"text":"Secondly, also by whom, corporations or any natural or legal person, given the already broad opening wording that is followed by a non-exhaustive list, we wonder whether additional examples are necessary.","start":5839.63,"end":5854.59,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":5839.63,"end":5840.27},{"text":"also","start":5840.27,"end":5840.75},{"text":"by","start":5840.75,"end":5841.07},{"text":"whom,","start":5841.07,"end":5841.47},{"text":"corporations","start":5841.55,"end":5842.35},{"text":"or","start":5842.35,"end":5842.59},{"text":"any","start":5842.67,"end":5843.15},{"text":"natural","start":5843.15,"end":5843.79},{"text":"or","start":5843.79,"end":5844.27},{"text":"legal","start":5844.27,"end":5844.67},{"text":"person,","start":5844.67,"end":5845.23},{"text":"given","start":5845.55,"end":5846.03},{"text":"the","start":5846.19,"end":5846.43},{"text":"already","start":5846.59,"end":5847.07},{"text":"broad","start":5847.07,"end":5847.55},{"text":"opening","start":5847.55,"end":5848.03},{"text":"wording","start":5848.03,"end":5848.59},{"text":"that","start":5849.15,"end":5849.31},{"text":"is","start":5849.31,"end":5849.47},{"text":"followed","start":5849.47,"end":5849.95},{"text":"by","start":5849.95,"end":5850.07},{"text":"a","start":5850.07,"end":5850.11},{"text":"non-exhaustive","start":5850.11,"end":5851.07},{"text":"list,","start":5851.07,"end":5851.47},{"text":"we","start":5851.47,"end":5851.63},{"text":"wonder","start":5851.63,"end":5851.91},{"text":"whether","start":5851.91,"end":5852.27},{"text":"additional","start":5852.27,"end":5852.75},{"text":"examples","start":5852.75,"end":5853.47},{"text":"are","start":5853.47,"end":5853.63},{"text":"necessary.","start":5853.63,"end":5854.59}]},{"text":"For example, artificial intelligence would already appear to be covered as its development or use constitutes a business activity, singling it out expressly may not add clarity.","start":5855.15,"end":5866.83,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":5855.15,"end":5855.31},{"text":"example,","start":5855.31,"end":5855.95},{"text":"artificial","start":5856.11,"end":5856.99},{"text":"intelligence","start":5857.07,"end":5857.95},{"text":"would","start":5857.95,"end":5858.51},{"text":"already","start":5858.51,"end":5858.95},{"text":"appear","start":5858.95,"end":5859.31},{"text":"to","start":5859.31,"end":5859.47},{"text":"be","start":5859.47,"end":5859.63},{"text":"covered","start":5859.63,"end":5860.27},{"text":"as","start":5860.35,"end":5860.83},{"text":"its","start":5860.83,"end":5861.11},{"text":"development","start":5861.11,"end":5861.71},{"text":"or","start":5861.71,"end":5861.95},{"text":"use","start":5861.95,"end":5862.27},{"text":"constitutes","start":5862.27,"end":5862.91},{"text":"a","start":5862.91,"end":5862.99},{"text":"business","start":5862.99,"end":5863.39},{"text":"activity,","start":5863.39,"end":5863.95},{"text":"singling","start":5863.95,"end":5864.39},{"text":"it","start":5864.39,"end":5864.59},{"text":"out","start":5864.59,"end":5864.75},{"text":"expressly","start":5864.75,"end":5865.47},{"text":"may","start":5865.47,"end":5865.63},{"text":"not","start":5865.63,"end":5866.03},{"text":"add","start":5866.03,"end":5866.19},{"text":"clarity.","start":5866.19,"end":5866.83}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5866.91,"end":5867.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5866.91,"end":5867.11},{"text":"you.","start":5867.19,"end":5867.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EU","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"EU"}},{"statement_number":62,"start":5872.03,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:37:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":5872.03,"end":5873.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":5872.03,"end":5872.43},{"text":"gracias.","start":5872.43,"end":5873.15}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":5873.55,"end":5874.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5873.55,"end":5873.75},{"text":"you","start":5873.75,"end":5873.83},{"text":"very","start":5873.83,"end":5874.03},{"text":"much.","start":5874.03,"end":5874.43}]},{"text":"Brazil, you have the floor.","start":5875.47,"end":5876.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil,","start":5875.47,"end":5875.95},{"text":"you","start":5875.95,"end":5876.03},{"text":"have","start":5876.03,"end":5876.19},{"text":"the","start":5876.19,"end":5876.27},{"text":"floor.","start":5876.27,"end":5876.67}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":63,"start":5881.27,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:38:02","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":5881.27,"end":5882.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5881.27,"end":5881.51},{"text":"you,","start":5881.51,"end":5881.63},{"text":"Chair.","start":5881.63,"end":5882.19}]},{"text":"On proposal 12, we support the streamlined definition of business activity, particularly the references to exploration and extraction, financial services, and digital technologies.","start":5882.59,"end":5896.67,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":6072.95,"end":6073.59},{"text":"business","start":6073.75,"end":6074.23},{"text":"activities","start":6074.23,"end":6074.79},{"text":"must","start":6074.79,"end":6075.11},{"text":"be","start":6075.11,"end":6075.27},{"text":"narrowly","start":6075.27,"end":6075.91},{"text":"and","start":6075.91,"end":6076.15},{"text":"clearly","start":6076.15,"end":6076.71},{"text":"defined,","start":6076.71,"end":6077.43},{"text":"consistent","start":6077.59,"end":6078.47},{"text":"with","start":6078.47,"end":6078.67},{"text":"the","start":6078.67,"end":6078.75},{"text":"definition","start":6078.75,"end":6079.43},{"text":"of","start":6079.43,"end":6079.67},{"text":"human","start":6079.67,"end":6080.07},{"text":"rights","start":6080.07,"end":6080.31},{"text":"abuse","start":6080.31,"end":6080.71},{"text":"in","start":6080.71,"end":6080.95},{"text":"Article","start":6080.95,"end":6081.35},{"text":"1.3.","start":6081.35,"end":6081.99}]},{"text":"Besides, Article 1.4 and the chair reporter's proposal 12 states that Business activities means any economic, commercial or other activity, but it is unclear what kind of activities is included in other activity.","start":6082.87,"end":6099.15,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Besides,","start":6082.87,"end":6083.43},{"text":"Article","start":6083.75,"end":6084.27},{"text":"1.4","start":6084.27,"end":6085.27},{"text":"and","start":6085.27,"end":6085.47},{"text":"the","start":6085.47,"end":6085.59},{"text":"chair","start":6085.59,"end":6085.79},{"text":"reporter's","start":6085.79,"end":6086.35},{"text":"proposal","start":6086.35,"end":6086.79},{"text":"12","start":6086.79,"end":6087.19},{"text":"states","start":6087.43,"end":6087.83},{"text":"that","start":6087.83,"end":6088.15},{"text":"Business","start":6089.23,"end":6089.71},{"text":"activities","start":6089.71,"end":6090.35},{"text":"means","start":6090.35,"end":6090.83},{"text":"any","start":6090.83,"end":6091.23},{"text":"economic,","start":6091.23,"end":6091.95},{"text":"commercial","start":6092.11,"end":6092.63},{"text":"or","start":6092.63,"end":6092.91},{"text":"other","start":6092.91,"end":6093.15},{"text":"activity,","start":6093.15,"end":6093.71},{"text":"but","start":6094.03,"end":6094.27},{"text":"it","start":6094.27,"end":6094.43},{"text":"is","start":6094.43,"end":6094.59},{"text":"unclear","start":6094.59,"end":6095.23},{"text":"what","start":6095.23,"end":6095.51},{"text":"kind","start":6095.51,"end":6096.03},{"text":"of","start":6096.03,"end":6096.27},{"text":"activities","start":6096.27,"end":6096.99},{"text":"is","start":6096.99,"end":6097.15},{"text":"included","start":6097.15,"end":6097.83},{"text":"in","start":6097.83,"end":6098.03},{"text":"other","start":6098.11,"end":6098.51},{"text":"activity.","start":6098.51,"end":6099.15}]},{"text":"Some examples are provided in the text, but there is a reservation of but not limited to.","start":6099.95,"end":6106.67,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":6099.95,"end":6100.27},{"text":"examples","start":6100.27,"end":6100.91},{"text":"are","start":6100.91,"end":6101.07},{"text":"provided","start":6101.07,"end":6101.47},{"text":"in","start":6101.47,"end":6101.59},{"text":"the","start":6101.59,"end":6101.67},{"text":"text,","start":6101.67,"end":6102.19},{"text":"but","start":6102.43,"end":6102.63},{"text":"there","start":6102.63,"end":6102.87},{"text":"is","start":6102.87,"end":6102.99},{"text":"a","start":6102.99,"end":6103.07},{"text":"reservation","start":6103.07,"end":6103.95},{"text":"of","start":6104.87,"end":6105.15},{"text":"but","start":6105.63,"end":6105.91},{"text":"not","start":6105.91,"end":6106.03},{"text":"limited","start":6106.03,"end":6106.39},{"text":"to.","start":6106.39,"end":6106.67}]},{"text":"Thus, it is unclear what kind of business are expected to be included.","start":6107.47,"end":6112.43,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Thus,","start":6107.47,"end":6107.79},{"text":"it","start":6107.79,"end":6107.99},{"text":"is","start":6107.99,"end":6108.11},{"text":"unclear","start":6108.11,"end":6108.55},{"text":"what","start":6108.55,"end":6108.71},{"text":"kind","start":6108.71,"end":6109.31},{"text":"of","start":6109.39,"end":6109.55},{"text":"business","start":6110.03,"end":6110.67},{"text":"are","start":6110.75,"end":6111.15},{"text":"expected","start":6111.15,"end":6111.67},{"text":"to","start":6111.67,"end":6111.79},{"text":"be","start":6111.79,"end":6111.91},{"text":"included.","start":6111.91,"end":6112.43}]},{"text":"Therefore, business activities should be defined more narrowly and clearly.","start":6113.07,"end":6117.55,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":6113.07,"end":6113.63},{"text":"business","start":6113.63,"end":6114.03},{"text":"activities","start":6114.03,"end":6114.51},{"text":"should","start":6114.51,"end":6114.67},{"text":"be","start":6114.67,"end":6114.83},{"text":"defined","start":6114.83,"end":6115.55},{"text":"more","start":6115.79,"end":6116.19},{"text":"narrowly","start":6116.19,"end":6116.67},{"text":"and","start":6116.67,"end":6116.91},{"text":"clearly.","start":6116.99,"end":6117.55}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6118.11,"end":6118.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6118.11,"end":6118.35},{"text":"you.","start":6118.35,"end":6118.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"JPN","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Japan"}},{"statement_number":68,"start":6124.83,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:42:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":6124.83,"end":6125.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6124.83,"end":6125.07},{"text":"you.","start":6125.07,"end":6125.23}]},{"text":"Would any other state wish to take the floor?","start":6126.35,"end":6128.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Would","start":6126.35,"end":6126.51},{"text":"any","start":6126.51,"end":6126.71},{"text":"other","start":6126.71,"end":6126.91},{"text":"state","start":6126.91,"end":6127.39},{"text":"wish","start":6127.39,"end":6127.63},{"text":"to","start":6127.63,"end":6127.79},{"text":"take","start":6127.83,"end":6128.03},{"text":"the","start":6128.03,"end":6128.11},{"text":"floor?","start":6128.11,"end":6128.43}]},{"text":"That is not the case.","start":6135.79,"end":6136.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":6135.79,"end":6135.95},{"text":"is","start":6135.95,"end":6136.11},{"text":"not","start":6136.11,"end":6136.31},{"text":"the","start":6136.31,"end":6136.39},{"text":"case.","start":6136.39,"end":6136.91}]},{"text":"The State of Palestine, you have the floor.","start":6141.07,"end":6142.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6141.07,"end":6141.19},{"text":"State","start":6141.19,"end":6141.43},{"text":"of","start":6141.43,"end":6141.55},{"text":"Palestine,","start":6141.55,"end":6141.99},{"text":"you","start":6141.99,"end":6142.07},{"text":"have","start":6142.07,"end":6142.19},{"text":"the","start":6142.19,"end":6142.27},{"text":"floor.","start":6142.27,"end":6142.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":69,"start":6148.1,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:42:29","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":6148.1,"end":6148.66,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6148.1,"end":6148.34},{"text":"you,","start":6148.34,"end":6148.42},{"text":"Chair.","start":6148.42,"end":6148.66}]},{"text":"If you allow me, I will comment on 1.4 and 1.5 jointly, as my comments on them are related.","start":6149.83,"end":6155.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"If","start":6149.83,"end":6149.99},{"text":"you","start":6149.99,"end":6150.15},{"text":"allow","start":6150.15,"end":6150.27},{"text":"me,","start":6150.27,"end":6150.47},{"text":"I","start":6150.47,"end":6150.55},{"text":"will","start":6150.55,"end":6150.71},{"text":"comment","start":6150.71,"end":6151.19},{"text":"on","start":6151.19,"end":6151.51},{"text":"1.4","start":6151.51,"end":6152.39},{"text":"and","start":6152.39,"end":6152.79},{"text":"1.5","start":6152.79,"end":6153.27},{"text":"jointly,","start":6153.27,"end":6153.91},{"text":"as","start":6153.91,"end":6154.07},{"text":"my","start":6154.07,"end":6154.23},{"text":"comments","start":6154.23,"end":6154.63},{"text":"on","start":6154.63,"end":6154.79},{"text":"them","start":6154.79,"end":6154.95},{"text":"are","start":6154.95,"end":6155.07},{"text":"related.","start":6155.07,"end":6155.67}]},{"text":"On 1.4, we welcome the restructuring of this definition, which moves from listing types of business actors to listing business activities themselves.","start":6156.47,"end":6165.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":6156.47,"end":6156.87},{"text":"1.4,","start":6156.87,"end":6157.67},{"text":"we","start":6157.67,"end":6157.91},{"text":"welcome","start":6157.91,"end":6158.31},{"text":"the","start":6158.31,"end":6158.39},{"text":"restructuring","start":6158.39,"end":6159.35},{"text":"of","start":6159.43,"end":6159.59},{"text":"this","start":6159.59,"end":6159.83},{"text":"definition,","start":6159.83,"end":6160.43},{"text":"which","start":6160.43,"end":6160.71},{"text":"moves","start":6160.71,"end":6161.03},{"text":"from","start":6161.03,"end":6161.27},{"text":"listing","start":6161.27,"end":6161.91},{"text":"types","start":6162.07,"end":6162.55},{"text":"of","start":6162.55,"end":6162.67},{"text":"business","start":6162.67,"end":6163.11},{"text":"actors","start":6163.11,"end":6163.55},{"text":"to","start":6163.55,"end":6163.71},{"text":"listing","start":6163.71,"end":6164.23},{"text":"business","start":6164.23,"end":6164.67},{"text":"activities","start":6164.67,"end":6165.35},{"text":"themselves.","start":6165.35,"end":6165.99}]},{"text":"We welcome the addition of exploration, extraction, financing, investing, insuring, and artificial intelligence.","start":6166.63,"end":6174.67,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6166.63,"end":6166.87},{"text":"welcome","start":6166.87,"end":6167.27},{"text":"the","start":6167.27,"end":6167.39},{"text":"addition","start":6167.39,"end":6167.83},{"text":"of","start":6167.83,"end":6168.07},{"text":"exploration,","start":6168.07,"end":6169.03},{"text":"extraction,","start":6169.03,"end":6169.99},{"text":"financing,","start":6170.23,"end":6171.19},{"text":"investing,","start":6171.19,"end":6172.07},{"text":"insuring,","start":6172.07,"end":6172.95},{"text":"and","start":6173.11,"end":6173.39},{"text":"artificial","start":6173.39,"end":6173.99},{"text":"intelligence.","start":6173.99,"end":6174.67}]},{"text":"We propose that trade also be included.","start":6175.43,"end":6178.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6175.43,"end":6175.67},{"text":"propose","start":6175.67,"end":6176.23},{"text":"that","start":6176.23,"end":6176.59},{"text":"trade","start":6176.59,"end":6177.11},{"text":"also","start":6177.27,"end":6177.75},{"text":"be","start":6177.75,"end":6177.91},{"text":"included.","start":6177.91,"end":6178.63}]},{"text":"Replacing financial institutions and investment funds with financing, investing, ensuring is acceptable to us as long as article 1.6 brings joint ventures, financial institutions, investment funds and transnational corporate groups into the definition of business relationship, giving the growing negative impact of transnational financial actors on human rights worldwide.","start":6179.83,"end":6207.67,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"Replacing","start":6179.83,"end":6180.63},{"text":"financial","start":6180.63,"end":6181.35},{"text":"institutions","start":6181.35,"end":6182.23},{"text":"and","start":6182.23,"end":6182.35},{"text":"investment","start":6182.35,"end":6183.03},{"text":"funds","start":6183.03,"end":6183.59},{"text":"with","start":6183.83,"end":6184.23},{"text":"financing,","start":6184.39,"end":6185.35},{"text":"investing,","start":6185.35,"end":6186.15},{"text":"ensuring","start":6186.31,"end":6187.59},{"text":"is","start":6187.99,"end":6188.15},{"text":"acceptable","start":6188.15,"end":6188.87},{"text":"to","start":6188.87,"end":6189.07},{"text":"us","start":6189.07,"end":6189.35},{"text":"as","start":6189.35,"end":6189.59},{"text":"long","start":6189.59,"end":6189.83},{"text":"as","start":6189.83,"end":6190.07},{"text":"article","start":6190.07,"end":6190.55},{"text":"1.6","start":6190.55,"end":6191.67},{"text":"brings","start":6192.15,"end":6192.63},{"text":"joint","start":6192.75,"end":6193.03},{"text":"ventures,","start":6193.03,"end":6193.75},{"text":"financial","start":6193.75,"end":6194.39},{"text":"institutions,","start":6194.39,"end":6195.35},{"text":"investment","start":6195.67,"end":6196.39},{"text":"funds","start":6196.39,"end":6196.87},{"text":"and","start":6197.03,"end":6197.31},{"text":"transnational","start":6197.31,"end":6198.11},{"text":"corporate","start":6198.11,"end":6198.63},{"text":"groups","start":6198.63,"end":6199.03},{"text":"into","start":6199.03,"end":6199.35},{"text":"the","start":6199.35,"end":6199.43},{"text":"definition","start":6199.43,"end":6200.15},{"text":"of","start":6200.15,"end":6200.35},{"text":"business","start":6200.35,"end":6200.79},{"text":"relationship,","start":6200.79,"end":6201.67},{"text":"giving","start":6202.07,"end":6202.47},{"text":"the","start":6202.47,"end":6202.55},{"text":"growing","start":6202.55,"end":6203.03},{"text":"negative","start":6203.03,"end":6203.51},{"text":"impact","start":6203.51,"end":6204.15},{"text":"of","start":6204.15,"end":6204.31},{"text":"transnational","start":6204.31,"end":6205.27},{"text":"financial","start":6205.27,"end":6205.83},{"text":"actors","start":6205.83,"end":6206.39},{"text":"on","start":6206.39,"end":6206.55},{"text":"human","start":6206.55,"end":6206.87},{"text":"rights","start":6206.87,"end":6207.15},{"text":"worldwide.","start":6207.15,"end":6207.67}]},{"text":"Article 1.4 defines only the objective scope, the activity itself, and on its own it does not say that the activities concerned are those of a transnational character.","start":6209.27,"end":6220.87,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":6209.27,"end":6209.83},{"text":"1.4","start":6209.83,"end":6211.03},{"text":"defines","start":6211.19,"end":6211.83},{"text":"only","start":6211.83,"end":6212.15},{"text":"the","start":6212.15,"end":6212.27},{"text":"objective","start":6212.27,"end":6212.95},{"text":"scope,","start":6212.95,"end":6213.51},{"text":"the","start":6214.23,"end":6214.35},{"text":"activity","start":6214.35,"end":6214.91},{"text":"itself,","start":6214.91,"end":6215.59},{"text":"and","start":6215.59,"end":6215.79},{"text":"on","start":6215.79,"end":6215.91},{"text":"its","start":6215.91,"end":6216.15},{"text":"own","start":6216.15,"end":6216.47},{"text":"it","start":6216.47,"end":6216.55},{"text":"does","start":6216.55,"end":6216.79},{"text":"not","start":6216.79,"end":6217.03},{"text":"say","start":6217.03,"end":6217.27},{"text":"that","start":6217.27,"end":6217.43},{"text":"the","start":6217.43,"end":6217.55},{"text":"activities","start":6217.55,"end":6218.07},{"text":"concerned","start":6218.07,"end":6218.79},{"text":"are","start":6218.79,"end":6219.03},{"text":"those","start":6219.03,"end":6219.31},{"text":"of","start":6219.31,"end":6219.39},{"text":"a","start":6219.39,"end":6219.43},{"text":"transnational","start":6219.43,"end":6220.23},{"text":"character.","start":6220.23,"end":6220.87}]},{"text":"Two separate definitions in 1.4 and 1.5, one of business activities and the other of business activities of a transnational character, distinguish between activities that are transnational and activities that may not be.","start":6221.67,"end":6236.31,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Two","start":6221.67,"end":6221.91},{"text":"separate","start":6221.91,"end":6222.39},{"text":"definitions","start":6222.39,"end":6223.19},{"text":"in","start":6223.19,"end":6223.59},{"text":"1.4","start":6223.67,"end":6224.23},{"text":"and","start":6224.23,"end":6224.67},{"text":"1.5,","start":6224.71,"end":6225.67},{"text":"one","start":6225.99,"end":6226.39},{"text":"of","start":6226.43,"end":6226.59},{"text":"business","start":6226.59,"end":6226.95},{"text":"activities","start":6226.95,"end":6227.67},{"text":"and","start":6227.67,"end":6227.95},{"text":"the","start":6227.95,"end":6228.03},{"text":"other","start":6228.03,"end":6228.31},{"text":"of","start":6228.31,"end":6228.39},{"text":"business","start":6228.39,"end":6228.79},{"text":"activities","start":6228.79,"end":6229.31},{"text":"of","start":6229.31,"end":6229.39},{"text":"a","start":6229.39,"end":6229.43},{"text":"transnational","start":6229.43,"end":6230.11},{"text":"character,","start":6230.11,"end":6230.79},{"text":"distinguish","start":6231.83,"end":6232.71},{"text":"between","start":6232.71,"end":6233.15},{"text":"activities","start":6233.15,"end":6233.67},{"text":"that","start":6233.67,"end":6233.79},{"text":"are","start":6233.79,"end":6233.91},{"text":"transnational","start":6233.91,"end":6234.63},{"text":"and","start":6234.63,"end":6234.83},{"text":"activities","start":6234.83,"end":6235.35},{"text":"that","start":6235.35,"end":6235.51},{"text":"may","start":6235.51,"end":6235.67},{"text":"not","start":6235.67,"end":6235.99},{"text":"be.","start":6235.99,"end":6236.31}]},{"text":"and that risks broadening the scope beyond transnational corporations and other enterprises of a transnational character.","start":6237.19,"end":6248.03,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":6237.19,"end":6237.27},{"text":"that","start":6237.27,"end":6237.55},{"text":"risks","start":6237.55,"end":6238.03},{"text":"broadening","start":6238.03,"end":6238.67},{"text":"the","start":6238.67,"end":6238.83},{"text":"scope","start":6238.83,"end":6239.31},{"text":"beyond","start":6239.95,"end":6240.67},{"text":"transnational","start":6243.23,"end":6244.31},{"text":"corporations","start":6244.31,"end":6245.07},{"text":"and","start":6245.07,"end":6245.23},{"text":"other","start":6245.23,"end":6245.71},{"text":"enterprises","start":6245.79,"end":6246.63},{"text":"of","start":6246.63,"end":6246.71},{"text":"a","start":6246.71,"end":6246.75},{"text":"transnational","start":6246.75,"end":6247.47},{"text":"character.","start":6247.47,"end":6248.03}]},{"text":"For that reason, we propose to merge 1.4 with 1.5 into a single definition of business activities of a transnational character, meaning activities undertaken by transnational corporations and other enterprises of a transnational character, including through subsidiaries, affiliates and value chains.","start":6248.51,"end":6270.23,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6248.51,"end":6248.83},{"text":"that","start":6248.83,"end":6249.15},{"text":"reason,","start":6249.15,"end":6249.63},{"text":"we","start":6249.63,"end":6249.79},{"text":"propose","start":6249.79,"end":6250.35},{"text":"to","start":6250.35,"end":6250.51},{"text":"merge","start":6250.51,"end":6251.07},{"text":"1.4","start":6251.07,"end":6251.87},{"text":"with","start":6251.87,"end":6252.11},{"text":"1.5","start":6252.11,"end":6253.15},{"text":"into","start":6253.47,"end":6253.83},{"text":"a","start":6253.83,"end":6253.87},{"text":"single","start":6253.87,"end":6254.39},{"text":"definition","start":6254.39,"end":6255.23},{"text":"of","start":6255.67,"end":6255.87},{"text":"business","start":6255.87,"end":6256.39},{"text":"activities","start":6256.39,"end":6257.03},{"text":"of","start":6257.03,"end":6257.15},{"text":"a","start":6257.15,"end":6257.19},{"text":"transnational","start":6257.19,"end":6257.95},{"text":"character,","start":6257.95,"end":6258.67},{"text":"meaning","start":6259.43,"end":6259.75},{"text":"activities","start":6259.75,"end":6260.47},{"text":"undertaken","start":6260.47,"end":6261.51},{"text":"by","start":6261.51,"end":6261.63},{"text":"transnational","start":6261.63,"end":6262.39},{"text":"corporations","start":6262.39,"end":6263.43},{"text":"and","start":6263.43,"end":6263.75},{"text":"other","start":6263.75,"end":6264.07},{"text":"enterprises","start":6264.07,"end":6264.95},{"text":"of","start":6264.95,"end":6265.03},{"text":"a","start":6265.03,"end":6265.11},{"text":"transnational","start":6265.11,"end":6265.83},{"text":"character,","start":6265.83,"end":6266.47},{"text":"including","start":6266.79,"end":6267.35},{"text":"through","start":6267.35,"end":6267.59},{"text":"subsidiaries,","start":6267.59,"end":6268.47},{"text":"affiliates","start":6268.47,"end":6269.27},{"text":"and","start":6269.27,"end":6269.43},{"text":"value","start":6269.43,"end":6269.75},{"text":"chains.","start":6269.75,"end":6270.23}]},{"text":"This would also prevent the fragmentation of liability.","start":6270.95,"end":6274.55,"topics":[{"key":"causation-and-liability","label":"Causation and Liability Standards","description":"Many statements called for clearer rules on when business conduct causes, contributes to, or is merely linked to human rights harm. The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6270.95,"end":6271.27},{"text":"would","start":6271.27,"end":6271.43},{"text":"also","start":6271.43,"end":6271.75},{"text":"prevent","start":6271.75,"end":6272.23},{"text":"the","start":6272.23,"end":6272.39},{"text":"fragmentation","start":6272.39,"end":6273.43},{"text":"of","start":6273.43,"end":6273.59},{"text":"liability.","start":6273.59,"end":6274.55}]},{"text":"It would make corporate structuring irrelevant to who is covered and would keep value chains inside the definition itself.","start":6275.19,"end":6282.95,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6275.19,"end":6275.35},{"text":"would","start":6275.35,"end":6275.51},{"text":"make","start":6275.51,"end":6275.79},{"text":"corporate","start":6275.79,"end":6276.31},{"text":"structuring","start":6276.31,"end":6277.03},{"text":"irrelevant","start":6277.03,"end":6278.11},{"text":"to","start":6278.11,"end":6278.23},{"text":"who","start":6278.23,"end":6278.47},{"text":"is","start":6278.47,"end":6278.71},{"text":"covered","start":6278.71,"end":6279.35},{"text":"and","start":6279.67,"end":6279.91},{"text":"would","start":6279.91,"end":6280.11},{"text":"keep","start":6280.11,"end":6280.35},{"text":"value","start":6280.35,"end":6280.79},{"text":"chains","start":6280.79,"end":6281.27},{"text":"inside","start":6281.27,"end":6281.75},{"text":"the","start":6281.75,"end":6281.87},{"text":"definition","start":6281.87,"end":6282.39},{"text":"itself.","start":6282.39,"end":6282.95}]},{"text":"If you will kindly indulge me, I will read out the merged definition that we propose, which I am also happy to share with the chairmanship and any interested delegation.","start":6283.95,"end":6296.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"If","start":6283.95,"end":6284.03},{"text":"you","start":6284.03,"end":6284.11},{"text":"will","start":6284.11,"end":6284.27},{"text":"kindly","start":6284.27,"end":6284.75},{"text":"indulge","start":6284.75,"end":6285.39},{"text":"me,","start":6285.39,"end":6285.71},{"text":"I","start":6285.87,"end":6286.03},{"text":"will","start":6286.03,"end":6286.19},{"text":"read","start":6286.19,"end":6286.51},{"text":"out","start":6286.51,"end":6286.75},{"text":"the","start":6286.75,"end":6286.91},{"text":"merged","start":6286.91,"end":6287.43},{"text":"definition","start":6287.43,"end":6288.03},{"text":"that","start":6288.03,"end":6288.19},{"text":"we","start":6288.19,"end":6288.35},{"text":"propose,","start":6288.35,"end":6289.07},{"text":"which","start":6289.35,"end":6289.71},{"text":"I","start":6289.71,"end":6289.87},{"text":"am","start":6289.87,"end":6290.03},{"text":"also","start":6290.03,"end":6290.35},{"text":"happy","start":6290.35,"end":6290.59},{"text":"to","start":6290.59,"end":6290.75},{"text":"share","start":6290.75,"end":6290.99},{"text":"with","start":6290.99,"end":6291.11},{"text":"the","start":6291.11,"end":6291.19},{"text":"chairmanship","start":6291.19,"end":6291.87},{"text":"and","start":6291.87,"end":6292.11},{"text":"any","start":6292.11,"end":6292.35},{"text":"interested","start":6292.35,"end":6293.55},{"text":"delegation.","start":6295.31,"end":6296.51}]},{"text":"Business activities of transnational character shall mean any economic, commercial, or other activity, including but not limited to the exploration, development, extraction, manufacturing, production, processing, transportation, distribution, trade, commercialization, marketing, and retailing of goods and services, and financing, investing, and ensuring undertaken by transnational corporations and other enterprises of a transnational character, which can be private, public, or mixed, including through subsidiaries, affiliates, supply and value chains, and other business relationships.","start":6297.27,"end":6339.07,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."},{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."},{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. 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transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6471.71,"end":6471.91},{"text":"would","start":6471.91,"end":6472.03},{"text":"like","start":6472.03,"end":6472.27},{"text":"to","start":6472.27,"end":6472.39},{"text":"thank","start":6472.59,"end":6472.99},{"text":"you","start":6472.99,"end":6473.15},{"text":"for","start":6473.23,"end":6474.03},{"text":"your","start":6474.03,"end":6474.27},{"text":"proposal,","start":6474.27,"end":6474.91},{"text":"proposal","start":6475.15,"end":6475.71},{"text":"12","start":6475.71,"end":6476.19},{"text":"on","start":6476.19,"end":6476.35},{"text":"article","start":6476.35,"end":6476.83},{"text":"1.4.","start":6476.83,"end":6477.71}]},{"text":"We believe that it is important that the list of business activities is not closed, so it doesn't become outdated with time.","start":6477.71,"end":6490.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6477.71,"end":6477.87},{"text":"believe","start":6477.87,"end":6478.19},{"text":"that","start":6478.19,"end":6478.43},{"text":"it","start":6478.43,"end":6478.51},{"text":"is","start":6478.51,"end":6478.67},{"text":"important","start":6478.67,"end":6479.27},{"text":"that","start":6479.27,"end":6479.63},{"text":"the","start":6480.11,"end":6480.27},{"text":"list","start":6480.27,"end":6480.55},{"text":"of","start":6480.55,"end":6480.67},{"text":"business","start":6480.67,"end":6481.31},{"text":"activities","start":6481.39,"end":6482.99},{"text":"is","start":6484.43,"end":6484.67},{"text":"not","start":6485.55,"end":6485.79},{"text":"closed,","start":6485.79,"end":6486.35},{"text":"so","start":6486.35,"end":6486.67},{"text":"it","start":6486.67,"end":6486.79},{"text":"doesn't","start":6486.79,"end":6487.43},{"text":"become","start":6487.43,"end":6487.71},{"text":"outdated","start":6487.71,"end":6488.43},{"text":"with","start":6490.19,"end":6490.39},{"text":"time.","start":6490.39,"end":6490.91}]},{"text":"And also, we welcome the inclusion of artificial intelligence.","start":6490.91,"end":6494.27,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6490.91,"end":6491.19},{"text":"also,","start":6491.19,"end":6491.51},{"text":"we","start":6491.51,"end":6491.79},{"text":"welcome","start":6491.79,"end":6492.19},{"text":"the","start":6492.19,"end":6492.35},{"text":"inclusion","start":6492.35,"end":6492.83},{"text":"of","start":6492.83,"end":6492.99},{"text":"artificial","start":6492.99,"end":6493.55},{"text":"intelligence.","start":6493.55,"end":6494.27}]},{"text":"So we can also support the proposal made by a colleague by Brazil on this issue.","start":6494.67,"end":6498.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":6494.67,"end":6494.83},{"text":"we","start":6494.83,"end":6494.99},{"text":"can","start":6494.99,"end":6495.15},{"text":"also","start":6495.15,"end":6495.43},{"text":"support","start":6495.43,"end":6495.67},{"text":"the","start":6495.67,"end":6495.75},{"text":"proposal","start":6495.75,"end":6496.15},{"text":"made","start":6496.15,"end":6496.43},{"text":"by","start":6496.43,"end":6496.63},{"text":"a","start":6496.63,"end":6496.67},{"text":"colleague","start":6496.67,"end":6497.03},{"text":"by","start":6497.03,"end":6497.23},{"text":"Brazil","start":6497.23,"end":6497.79},{"text":"on","start":6497.79,"end":6498.11},{"text":"this","start":6498.11,"end":6498.35},{"text":"issue.","start":6498.35,"end":6498.91}]},{"text":"We also believe that have two definitions related to business activities and business activities of a translational character does not contribute to the consistency of the text.","start":6499.91,"end":6515.23,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6499.91,"end":6499.99},{"text":"also","start":6499.99,"end":6500.31},{"text":"believe","start":6500.31,"end":6500.87},{"text":"that","start":6500.87,"end":6501.43},{"text":"have","start":6502.63,"end":6503.03},{"text":"two","start":6503.11,"end":6503.67},{"text":"definitions","start":6503.67,"end":6504.87},{"text":"related","start":6505.11,"end":6505.55},{"text":"to","start":6505.55,"end":6505.67},{"text":"business","start":6505.67,"end":6506.15},{"text":"activities","start":6506.15,"end":6507.03},{"text":"and","start":6507.35,"end":6507.59},{"text":"business","start":6507.59,"end":6507.91},{"text":"activities","start":6507.91,"end":6508.79},{"text":"of","start":6508.79,"end":6509.03},{"text":"a","start":6509.03,"end":6509.11},{"text":"translational","start":6509.11,"end":6510.31},{"text":"character","start":6510.55,"end":6511.03},{"text":"does","start":6511.03,"end":6511.27},{"text":"not","start":6511.27,"end":6511.67},{"text":"contribute","start":6511.67,"end":6512.19},{"text":"to","start":6512.19,"end":6512.31},{"text":"the","start":6512.31,"end":6512.47},{"text":"consistency","start":6512.47,"end":6513.51},{"text":"of","start":6514.03,"end":6514.31},{"text":"the","start":6514.55,"end":6514.79},{"text":"text.","start":6514.95,"end":6515.23}]},{"text":"So we propose we merge articles 1.4 and 1.5. and have one single definition that will be clear and ensure consistency throughout the text.","start":6515.23,"end":6527.47,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":6545.91,"end":6546.11},{"text":"we","start":6546.11,"end":6546.43},{"text":"should","start":6546.43,"end":6546.91},{"text":"keep","start":6546.91,"end":6547.19},{"text":"in","start":6547.19,"end":6547.31},{"text":"mind","start":6547.31,"end":6547.75},{"text":"the","start":6547.75,"end":6547.99},{"text":"scope","start":6548.03,"end":6548.51},{"text":"and","start":6549.23,"end":6549.87},{"text":"focus","start":6549.95,"end":6550.35},{"text":"on","start":6550.35,"end":6550.51},{"text":"business","start":6550.51,"end":6550.91},{"text":"activities","start":6550.91,"end":6551.71},{"text":"of","start":6551.75,"end":6552.03},{"text":"a","start":6552.03,"end":6552.11},{"text":"transnational","start":6552.11,"end":6552.83},{"text":"character.","start":6552.83,"end":6553.31}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6553.31,"end":6553.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6553.31,"end":6553.63},{"text":"you.","start":6553.63,"end":6553.79}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CUB","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Cuba"}},{"statement_number":72,"start":6554.83,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:49:15","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Cuba. I give the floor to Saudi Arabia.","start":6554.83,"end":6565.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6554.83,"end":6555.07},{"text":"you,","start":6555.07,"end":6555.15},{"text":"Cuba.","start":6555.15,"end":6555.55},{"text":"I","start":6558.11,"end":6558.19},{"text":"give","start":6558.19,"end":6558.35},{"text":"the","start":6558.35,"end":6558.43},{"text":"floor","start":6558.43,"end":6558.59},{"text":"to","start":6558.59,"end":6558.67},{"text":"Saudi","start":6558.67,"end":6559.47},{"text":"Arabia.","start":6564.59,"end":6565.79}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":73,"start":6566.67,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=1:49:27","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The renew our support to the streamlining of the definition as per the formulation of the President as to 1.4.","start":6566.67,"end":6576.27,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6619.11,"end":6619.15},{"text":"proposed","start":6620.07,"end":6620.79},{"text":"formulation","start":6620.95,"end":6621.83},{"text":"added","start":6622.15,"end":6622.55},{"text":"to","start":6622.55,"end":6622.79},{"text":"the","start":6622.79,"end":6623.07},{"text":"indicative","start":6623.07,"end":6623.75},{"text":"list","start":6623.75,"end":6624.15},{"text":"specific","start":6624.15,"end":6624.91},{"text":"activities","start":6624.91,"end":6625.55},{"text":"like","start":6625.55,"end":6625.75},{"text":"exploration,","start":6625.75,"end":6626.79},{"text":"processing,","start":6627.35,"end":6628.07},{"text":"financing,","start":6628.07,"end":6628.87},{"text":"investment","start":6629.99,"end":6630.71},{"text":"and","start":6630.71,"end":6630.83},{"text":"insuring,","start":6630.83,"end":6631.43},{"text":"which","start":6631.47,"end":6632.15},{"text":"makes","start":6632.63,"end":6632.91},{"text":"it","start":6632.91,"end":6633.03},{"text":"selective","start":6633.03,"end":6633.63},{"text":"for","start":6633.63,"end":6633.75},{"text":"specific","start":6633.75,"end":6634.63},{"text":"sectors","start":6634.63,"end":6635.35},{"text":"without","start":6635.35,"end":6635.75},{"text":"adding","start":6635.75,"end":6636.15},{"text":"any","start":6636.15,"end":6636.55},{"text":"legal","start":6636.55,"end":6637.19},{"text":"impact.","start":6637.43,"end":6638.15}]},{"text":"We propose, therefore, that the definition should be confined to the economic or business activities undertaken for profit while deleting the phrase through other business relationships and to be confined to the indicative list in the negotiation draft while deleting any reference to production because it interferes with manufacturing.","start":6638.71,"end":6674.83,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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The State of Qatar, like a number of States, agrees with the deletion of the phrase and any other business relationship undertaken by a natural or legal person due to its ambiguous nature.","start":6770.67,"end":6783.95,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":6872.83,"end":6873.15},{"text":"small","start":6873.15,"end":6873.47},{"text":"enterprises,","start":6873.47,"end":6874.35},{"text":"for","start":6874.35,"end":6874.51},{"text":"instance,","start":6874.51,"end":6875.07},{"text":"rely","start":6875.07,"end":6875.47},{"text":"on","start":6875.55,"end":6875.71},{"text":"mobile","start":6875.71,"end":6875.95},{"text":"phones","start":6875.95,"end":6876.43},{"text":"for","start":6876.43,"end":6876.59},{"text":"their","start":6876.59,"end":6876.71},{"text":"financial","start":6876.71,"end":6877.15},{"text":"transactions","start":6877.15,"end":6878.03},{"text":"through","start":6878.31,"end":6878.51},{"text":"intermediaries","start":6878.51,"end":6879.39},{"text":"beyond","start":6879.39,"end":6879.67},{"text":"their","start":6879.67,"end":6879.79},{"text":"control.","start":6879.79,"end":6880.27}]},{"text":"How would state parties transpose such terms into their law and enforce them?","start":6880.67,"end":6884.83,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"Adding","start":6885.63,"end":6885.87},{"text":"financing,","start":6885.87,"end":6886.59},{"text":"investing,","start":6886.75,"end":6887.39},{"text":"insuring","start":6887.39,"end":6888.11},{"text":"could","start":6888.43,"end":6888.67},{"text":"bring","start":6888.67,"end":6888.91},{"text":"within","start":6888.91,"end":6889.23},{"text":"scope","start":6889.23,"end":6889.55},{"text":"those","start":6889.55,"end":6889.87},{"text":"who","start":6889.87,"end":6889.95},{"text":"simply","start":6889.95,"end":6890.39},{"text":"hold","start":6890.39,"end":6890.67},{"text":"passive","start":6890.67,"end":6891.15},{"text":"investment","start":6891.15,"end":6891.79},{"text":"in","start":6891.79,"end":6891.95},{"text":"a","start":6891.95,"end":6892.03},{"text":"company,","start":6892.03,"end":6892.59},{"text":"which","start":6892.63,"end":6892.99},{"text":"would","start":6892.99,"end":6893.11},{"text":"be","start":6893.11,"end":6893.23},{"text":"both","start":6893.23,"end":6893.55},{"text":"impractical","start":6893.55,"end":6894.39},{"text":"and","start":6894.39,"end":6894.55},{"text":"unfair.","start":6894.55,"end":6894.99}]},{"text":"The redrafting also falls business relationships into the definitions, further blurring both concepts and deletes the explicit reference to state-owned enterprises, which must remain covered.","start":6895.55,"end":6906.83,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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the wording is illustrative of the areas of greatest risk and vulnerability.","start":7114.59,"end":7119.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":7114.59,"end":7115.31},{"text":"the","start":7115.31,"end":7115.51},{"text":"wording","start":7115.51,"end":7115.95},{"text":"is","start":7115.95,"end":7116.15},{"text":"illustrative","start":7116.15,"end":7116.91},{"text":"of","start":7116.91,"end":7117.07},{"text":"the","start":7117.07,"end":7117.19},{"text":"areas","start":7117.19,"end":7117.59},{"text":"of","start":7117.59,"end":7117.75},{"text":"greatest","start":7117.75,"end":7118.31},{"text":"risk","start":7118.31,"end":7118.67},{"text":"and","start":7118.67,"end":7118.87},{"text":"vulnerability.","start":7118.87,"end":7119.79}]},{"text":"Therefore, if the wording remains, then extraction should remain and domestic and gig workers should be 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processing.","start":7165.95,"end":7170.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7165.95,"end":7166.11},{"text":"particular,","start":7166.11,"end":7166.83},{"text":"we","start":7166.83,"end":7166.99},{"text":"support","start":7166.99,"end":7167.43},{"text":"the","start":7167.43,"end":7167.51},{"text":"addition","start":7167.51,"end":7167.87},{"text":"of","start":7167.87,"end":7168.11},{"text":"exploration,","start":7168.11,"end":7169.15},{"text":"extraction,","start":7169.15,"end":7170.11},{"text":"processing.","start":7170.11,"end":7170.91}]},{"text":"The communities we work with have faced a variety of human right abuses and environmental degradation as a result of mining activities.","start":7172.03,"end":7179.87,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7172.03,"end":7172.15},{"text":"communities","start":7172.15,"end":7172.67},{"text":"we","start":7172.67,"end":7172.91},{"text":"work","start":7172.91,"end":7173.15},{"text":"with","start":7173.15,"end":7173.35},{"text":"have","start":7173.35,"end":7173.51},{"text":"faced","start":7173.51,"end":7173.87},{"text":"a","start":7173.95,"end":7174.03},{"text":"variety","start":7174.03,"end":7174.83},{"text":"of","start":7174.83,"end":7175.03},{"text":"human","start":7175.03,"end":7175.31},{"text":"right","start":7175.31,"end":7175.63},{"text":"abuses","start":7175.63,"end":7176.19},{"text":"and","start":7176.19,"end":7176.35},{"text":"environmental","start":7176.35,"end":7176.99},{"text":"degradation","start":7176.99,"end":7177.79},{"text":"as","start":7177.79,"end":7177.91},{"text":"a","start":7177.91,"end":7178.03},{"text":"result","start":7178.03,"end":7178.43},{"text":"of","start":7178.43,"end":7178.59},{"text":"mining","start":7178.59,"end":7179.07},{"text":"activities.","start":7179.11,"end":7179.87}]},{"text":"As the world began discussing the possibility of a just transition, Indigenous peoples underscored that mining for critical minerals linked to the transition was green colonialism.","start":7180.51,"end":7192.03,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7180.51,"end":7180.71},{"text":"the","start":7180.71,"end":7180.83},{"text":"world","start":7180.83,"end":7181.15},{"text":"began","start":7181.15,"end":7181.39},{"text":"discussing","start":7181.39,"end":7181.99},{"text":"the","start":7181.99,"end":7182.11},{"text":"possibility","start":7182.11,"end":7182.79},{"text":"of","start":7182.79,"end":7182.91},{"text":"a","start":7182.91,"end":7182.99},{"text":"just","start":7182.99,"end":7183.59},{"text":"transition,","start":7183.59,"end":7184.35},{"text":"Indigenous","start":7184.91,"end":7185.39},{"text":"peoples","start":7185.39,"end":7185.87},{"text":"underscored","start":7185.87,"end":7186.83},{"text":"that","start":7186.83,"end":7187.07},{"text":"mining","start":7187.07,"end":7187.55},{"text":"for","start":7187.55,"end":7187.71},{"text":"critical","start":7187.71,"end":7188.19},{"text":"minerals","start":7188.19,"end":7188.75},{"text":"linked","start":7188.99,"end":7189.43},{"text":"to","start":7189.43,"end":7189.51},{"text":"the","start":7189.51,"end":7189.59},{"text":"transition","start":7189.59,"end":7190.27},{"text":"was","start":7190.27,"end":7190.51},{"text":"green","start":7190.51,"end":7191.07},{"text":"colonialism.","start":7191.07,"end":7192.03}]},{"text":"We now see these critical minerals being targeted for use towards weapons and AI.","start":7192.59,"end":7197.87,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7192.59,"end":7192.71},{"text":"now","start":7192.75,"end":7192.91},{"text":"see","start":7192.91,"end":7193.23},{"text":"these","start":7193.23,"end":7193.55},{"text":"critical","start":7193.55,"end":7194.03},{"text":"minerals","start":7194.11,"end":7194.59},{"text":"being","start":7194.59,"end":7194.91},{"text":"targeted","start":7194.91,"end":7195.39},{"text":"for","start":7195.39,"end":7195.63},{"text":"use","start":7195.63,"end":7196.03},{"text":"towards","start":7196.03,"end":7196.43},{"text":"weapons","start":7196.43,"end":7197.07},{"text":"and","start":7197.15,"end":7197.43},{"text":"AI.","start":7197.43,"end":7197.87}]},{"text":"Given this past, presence, and likely future context of predation based on the presence of minerals, we suggest that the chair consider adding the reference to common article one of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the preamble of the present LBI.","start":7199.23,"end":7220.23,"topics":[{"key":"collective-rights","label":"Collective Rights and Affected Communities","description":"Participants discussed whether definitions should explicitly include groups of persons and affected communities, rather than only individual right holders. This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and remedies."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":7199.23,"end":7199.55},{"text":"this","start":7199.55,"end":7199.79},{"text":"past,","start":7199.79,"end":7200.27},{"text":"presence,","start":7200.67,"end":7201.15},{"text":"and","start":7201.15,"end":7201.35},{"text":"likely","start":7201.35,"end":7201.87},{"text":"future","start":7201.87,"end":7202.35},{"text":"context","start":7202.35,"end":7202.95},{"text":"of","start":7203.15,"end":7203.31},{"text":"predation","start":7203.31,"end":7204.11},{"text":"based","start":7204.11,"end":7204.59},{"text":"on","start":7204.59,"end":7204.71},{"text":"the","start":7204.71,"end":7204.79},{"text":"presence","start":7204.79,"end":7205.19},{"text":"of","start":7205.19,"end":7205.39},{"text":"minerals,","start":7205.39,"end":7205.87},{"text":"we","start":7206.19,"end":7206.43},{"text":"suggest","start":7206.43,"end":7206.87},{"text":"that","start":7206.87,"end":7206.99},{"text":"the","start":7206.99,"end":7207.11},{"text":"chair","start":7207.11,"end":7207.47},{"text":"consider","start":7207.47,"end":7207.95},{"text":"adding","start":7207.95,"end":7208.27},{"text":"the","start":7208.27,"end":7208.35},{"text":"reference","start":7208.35,"end":7208.83},{"text":"to","start":7208.83,"end":7208.95},{"text":"common","start":7208.95,"end":7209.31},{"text":"article","start":7209.31,"end":7209.83},{"text":"one","start":7209.83,"end":7210.19},{"text":"of","start":7210.19,"end":7210.35},{"text":"the","start":7210.35,"end":7210.47},{"text":"International","start":7210.47,"end":7211.15},{"text":"Covenant","start":7211.15,"end":7211.71},{"text":"on","start":7211.71,"end":7211.87},{"text":"Civil","start":7211.87,"end":7212.27},{"text":"and","start":7212.27,"end":7212.43},{"text":"Political","start":7212.43,"end":7212.91},{"text":"Rights","start":7212.91,"end":7213.47},{"text":"and","start":7213.91,"end":7214.07},{"text":"the","start":7214.07,"end":7214.15},{"text":"International","start":7214.15,"end":7214.87},{"text":"Covenant","start":7214.87,"end":7215.39},{"text":"on","start":7215.39,"end":7215.51},{"text":"Economic,","start":7215.51,"end":7216.23},{"text":"Social","start":7216.23,"end":7216.79},{"text":"and","start":7216.79,"end":7217.03},{"text":"Cultural","start":7217.03,"end":7217.43},{"text":"Rights","start":7217.43,"end":7217.83},{"text":"in","start":7217.83,"end":7218.03},{"text":"the","start":7218.03,"end":7218.15},{"text":"preamble","start":7218.15,"end":7218.79},{"text":"of","start":7218.79,"end":7219.03},{"text":"the","start":7219.03,"end":7219.15},{"text":"present","start":7219.15,"end":7219.59},{"text":"LBI.","start":7219.59,"end":7220.23}]},{"text":"On the restructuring of Article 1.4, which shifts from listing types of business structures to an indicative list, we can welcome the replacement of financial institutions and investment funds with financing, investing, insuring, and we propose that trade also be included, echoing Palestine's suggestion.","start":7222.39,"end":7241.99,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":7222.39,"end":7222.51},{"text":"the","start":7222.51,"end":7222.63},{"text":"restructuring","start":7222.63,"end":7223.39},{"text":"of","start":7223.39,"end":7223.59},{"text":"Article","start":7223.59,"end":7223.99},{"text":"1.4,","start":7223.99,"end":7225.19},{"text":"which","start":7225.19,"end":7225.59},{"text":"shifts","start":7225.59,"end":7225.99},{"text":"from","start":7225.99,"end":7226.23},{"text":"listing","start":7226.27,"end":7226.71},{"text":"types","start":7226.71,"end":7227.03},{"text":"of","start":7227.03,"end":7227.19},{"text":"business","start":7227.19,"end":7227.63},{"text":"structures","start":7227.63,"end":7228.31},{"text":"to","start":7228.31,"end":7228.47},{"text":"an","start":7228.47,"end":7228.63},{"text":"indicative","start":7228.63,"end":7229.19},{"text":"list,","start":7229.19,"end":7229.75},{"text":"we","start":7230.07,"end":7230.27},{"text":"can","start":7230.27,"end":7230.39},{"text":"welcome","start":7230.39,"end":7230.83},{"text":"the","start":7230.83,"end":7230.95},{"text":"replacement","start":7230.95,"end":7231.75},{"text":"of","start":7231.75,"end":7231.87},{"text":"financial","start":7231.87,"end":7232.39},{"text":"institutions","start":7232.39,"end":7233.11},{"text":"and","start":7233.11,"end":7233.23},{"text":"investment","start":7233.23,"end":7233.83},{"text":"funds","start":7233.83,"end":7234.15},{"text":"with","start":7234.15,"end":7234.39},{"text":"financing,","start":7234.71,"end":7235.51},{"text":"investing,","start":7235.51,"end":7236.31},{"text":"insuring,","start":7236.31,"end":7237.03},{"text":"and","start":7237.47,"end":7237.59},{"text":"we","start":7237.59,"end":7237.75},{"text":"propose","start":7237.75,"end":7238.15},{"text":"that","start":7238.15,"end":7238.39},{"text":"trade","start":7238.39,"end":7238.71},{"text":"also","start":7238.71,"end":7239.03},{"text":"be","start":7239.03,"end":7239.19},{"text":"included,","start":7239.19,"end":7239.91},{"text":"echoing","start":7239.99,"end":7240.47},{"text":"Palestine's","start":7240.47,"end":7241.15},{"text":"suggestion.","start":7241.15,"end":7241.99}]},{"text":"However, our support for this change is conditional on Article 1.6, as suggested by the Chair, to including joint ventures, financial institutions, investment funds, and transnational corporate groups with the definition of business relationship.","start":7242.79,"end":7258.71,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":7242.79,"end":7243.27},{"text":"our","start":7243.27,"end":7243.59},{"text":"support","start":7243.59,"end":7243.99},{"text":"for","start":7243.99,"end":7244.23},{"text":"this","start":7244.23,"end":7244.47},{"text":"change","start":7244.47,"end":7245.03},{"text":"is","start":7245.03,"end":7245.27},{"text":"conditional","start":7245.27,"end":7246.07},{"text":"on","start":7246.07,"end":7246.23},{"text":"Article","start":7246.23,"end":7246.71},{"text":"1.6,","start":7246.71,"end":7247.59},{"text":"as","start":7247.59,"end":7247.79},{"text":"suggested","start":7247.79,"end":7248.31},{"text":"by","start":7248.31,"end":7248.47},{"text":"the","start":7248.47,"end":7248.63},{"text":"Chair,","start":7248.63,"end":7249.03},{"text":"to","start":7249.43,"end":7249.55},{"text":"including","start":7249.55,"end":7250.07},{"text":"joint","start":7250.23,"end":7250.55},{"text":"ventures,","start":7250.55,"end":7251.19},{"text":"financial","start":7251.19,"end":7251.75},{"text":"institutions,","start":7251.75,"end":7252.55},{"text":"investment","start":7252.55,"end":7253.27},{"text":"funds,","start":7253.27,"end":7253.75},{"text":"and","start":7253.75,"end":7253.95},{"text":"transnational","start":7253.95,"end":7254.63},{"text":"corporate","start":7254.63,"end":7255.27},{"text":"groups","start":7255.27,"end":7255.83},{"text":"with","start":7256.15,"end":7256.39},{"text":"the","start":7256.39,"end":7256.47},{"text":"definition","start":7256.47,"end":7257.11},{"text":"of","start":7257.11,"end":7257.35},{"text":"business","start":7257.35,"end":7257.83},{"text":"relationship.","start":7257.83,"end":7258.71}]},{"text":"Given the growing negative impact of transnational financial actors on human rights worldwide, it is essential that they fall within the scope of this LBI.","start":7259.51,"end":7269.59,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":7259.51,"end":7259.83},{"text":"the","start":7259.83,"end":7259.95},{"text":"growing","start":7259.95,"end":7260.55},{"text":"negative","start":7260.55,"end":7261.19},{"text":"impact","start":7261.19,"end":7261.79},{"text":"of","start":7261.79,"end":7261.99},{"text":"transnational","start":7261.99,"end":7262.79},{"text":"financial","start":7262.79,"end":7263.51},{"text":"actors","start":7263.51,"end":7263.95},{"text":"on","start":7263.95,"end":7264.07},{"text":"human","start":7264.07,"end":7264.47},{"text":"rights","start":7264.47,"end":7264.79},{"text":"worldwide,","start":7264.79,"end":7265.59},{"text":"it","start":7265.83,"end":7265.99},{"text":"is","start":7265.99,"end":7266.15},{"text":"essential","start":7266.15,"end":7266.87},{"text":"that","start":7266.87,"end":7267.03},{"text":"they","start":7267.03,"end":7267.27},{"text":"fall","start":7267.27,"end":7267.51},{"text":"within","start":7267.51,"end":7267.91},{"text":"the","start":7267.91,"end":7267.99},{"text":"scope","start":7267.99,"end":7268.55},{"text":"of","start":7268.55,"end":7268.75},{"text":"this","start":7268.75,"end":7268.95},{"text":"LBI.","start":7268.95,"end":7269.59}]},{"text":"And lastly, we also support the inclusion of artificial intelligence and support an LBI that takes forward-looking approach.","start":7271.03,"end":7278.55,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7271.03,"end":7271.15},{"text":"lastly,","start":7271.15,"end":7271.59},{"text":"we","start":7271.59,"end":7271.79},{"text":"also","start":7271.79,"end":7272.07},{"text":"support","start":7272.07,"end":7272.51},{"text":"the","start":7272.51,"end":7272.59},{"text":"inclusion","start":7272.59,"end":7273.11},{"text":"of","start":7273.11,"end":7273.19},{"text":"artificial","start":7273.19,"end":7273.83},{"text":"intelligence","start":7273.83,"end":7274.71},{"text":"and","start":7275.03,"end":7275.27},{"text":"support","start":7275.27,"end":7275.63},{"text":"an","start":7275.63,"end":7275.75},{"text":"LBI","start":7275.75,"end":7276.39},{"text":"that","start":7276.39,"end":7276.59},{"text":"takes","start":7276.59,"end":7276.95},{"text":"forward-looking","start":7276.95,"end":7277.91},{"text":"approach.","start":7277.91,"end":7278.55}]},{"text":"Therefore, we could support Iceland's suggestion to include language on the development, deployment and sale of AI.","start":7279.19,"end":7286.15,"topics":[{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":7279.19,"end":7279.59},{"text":"we","start":7279.59,"end":7279.75},{"text":"could","start":7279.75,"end":7279.95},{"text":"support","start":7279.95,"end":7280.47},{"text":"Iceland's","start":7280.47,"end":7281.07},{"text":"suggestion","start":7281.07,"end":7281.75},{"text":"to","start":7281.75,"end":7281.87},{"text":"include","start":7281.87,"end":7282.23},{"text":"language","start":7282.23,"end":7282.71},{"text":"on","start":7282.71,"end":7282.95},{"text":"the","start":7282.95,"end":7283.03},{"text":"development,","start":7283.03,"end":7283.83},{"text":"deployment","start":7283.83,"end":7284.63},{"text":"and","start":7284.63,"end":7284.87},{"text":"sale","start":7284.87,"end":7285.27},{"text":"of","start":7285.27,"end":7285.59},{"text":"AI.","start":7285.59,"end":7286.15}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":7286.47,"end":7286.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7286.47,"end":7286.79},{"text":"you.","start":7286.79,"end":7286.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Franciscans International","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Franciscans International"}},{"statement_number":86,"start":7292.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:01:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":7292.35,"end":7292.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7292.35,"end":7292.63},{"text":"you.","start":7292.63,"end":7292.71}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the International Trade Union Federation.","start":7295.99,"end":7298.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7295.99,"end":7296.15},{"text":"give","start":7296.23,"end":7296.47},{"text":"the","start":7296.47,"end":7296.63},{"text":"floor","start":7296.63,"end":7297.03},{"text":"to","start":7297.03,"end":7297.11},{"text":"the","start":7297.11,"end":7297.19},{"text":"International","start":7297.19,"end":7297.71},{"text":"Trade","start":7297.71,"end":7297.87},{"text":"Union","start":7297.87,"end":7298.11},{"text":"Federation.","start":7298.15,"end":7298.63}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":87,"start":7300.91,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:01:41","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Speak on behalf of the global labour movement.","start":7300.91,"end":7302.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Speak","start":7300.91,"end":7301.07},{"text":"on","start":7301.07,"end":7301.15},{"text":"behalf","start":7301.15,"end":7301.51},{"text":"of","start":7301.51,"end":7301.59},{"text":"the","start":7301.59,"end":7301.71},{"text":"global","start":7301.71,"end":7302.11},{"text":"labour","start":7302.11,"end":7302.39},{"text":"movement.","start":7302.39,"end":7302.95}]},{"text":"The definition of business activities, business activities of a transnational character and business relationship are interlinked and we therefore agree with the need to streamline the text and align the definitions for effectiveness and clarity.","start":7303.35,"end":7317.91,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7318.55,"end":7318.79},{"text":"also","start":7318.79,"end":7319.15},{"text":"support","start":7319.15,"end":7319.59},{"text":"the","start":7319.59,"end":7319.67},{"text":"expanded","start":7319.67,"end":7320.23},{"text":"reference","start":7320.23,"end":7320.71},{"text":"to","start":7320.71,"end":7320.95},{"text":"exploration,","start":7320.95,"end":7321.79},{"text":"extraction,","start":7321.79,"end":7322.55},{"text":"processing,","start":7322.55,"end":7323.19},{"text":"financing,","start":7323.19,"end":7323.75},{"text":"investing","start":7323.75,"end":7324.39},{"text":"and","start":7324.39,"end":7324.63},{"text":"insuring,","start":7324.63,"end":7325.07},{"text":"as","start":7325.43,"end":7325.67},{"text":"well","start":7325.67,"end":7325.99},{"text":"as","start":7325.99,"end":7326.07},{"text":"the","start":7326.07,"end":7326.19},{"text":"inclusion","start":7326.19,"end":7326.71},{"text":"of","start":7326.71,"end":7326.87},{"text":"artificial","start":7326.87,"end":7327.39},{"text":"intelligence.","start":7327.39,"end":7328.15}]},{"text":"While we appreciate the rewording of the article to bring reference to business relationships up top, we think that it will continue to make sense to refer to the specific business structures and forms in the definition of business activities.","start":7328.63,"end":7344.75,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced 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it needs to be made clear that business activities are conducted by undertakings carrying on a trade or business, which at present is only articulated as a natural or legal 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such, we believe that the reference to the specific business structure forms should remain, and that there is no duplication with the definition of business 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we also note the reference to business enterprises in other parts of the text when referring to a specific conduct required of corporate 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are pleased to note the broad definition of business activities provided by the Chair, rapporteur, in article 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you, Mr. Chair.","start":7668.55,"end":7675.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7668.55,"end":7668.79},{"text":"you,","start":7668.79,"end":7668.87},{"text":"Mr.","start":7668.87,"end":7669.51},{"text":"Chair.","start":7674.95,"end":7675.15}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"FIDH","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"FIDH"}},{"statement_number":92,"start":7676.03,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:07:57","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":7676.03,"end":7676.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7676.03,"end":7676.23},{"text":"you","start":7676.23,"end":7676.31},{"text":"very","start":7676.31,"end":7676.51},{"text":"much.","start":7676.51,"end":7676.79}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Tierra de Derechos.","start":7680.63,"end":7682.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7680.63,"end":7680.79},{"text":"give","start":7680.83,"end":7680.95},{"text":"the","start":7680.95,"end":7681.03},{"text":"floor","start":7681.03,"end":7681.27},{"text":"to","start":7681.27,"end":7681.39},{"text":"Tierra","start":7681.43,"end":7681.75},{"text":"de","start":7681.75,"end":7681.83},{"text":"Derechos.","start":7681.87,"end":7682.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":93,"start":7686.15,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:08:07","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":7686.15,"end":7687.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7686.15,"end":7686.43},{"text":"you,","start":7686.43,"end":7686.51},{"text":"Mr.","start":7686.51,"end":7686.83},{"text":"Chair.","start":7686.83,"end":7687.23}]},{"text":"My name is Zagithi Sbanzwe.","start":7687.55,"end":7688.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":7687.55,"end":7687.71},{"text":"name","start":7687.71,"end":7687.91},{"text":"is","start":7687.91,"end":7688.07},{"text":"Zagithi","start":7688.07,"end":7688.39},{"text":"Sbanzwe.","start":7688.39,"end":7688.87}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of Terra Dignitas and the Rural Women's Assembly, Eswatini, a member of the Global 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that the proposal didn't change much from the updated draft, and we believe this is a missed opportunity to bring greater legal clarity to the objective scope of the instrument.","start":7697.39,"end":7714.19,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":7770.43,"end":7770.67},{"text":"drawing","start":7770.67,"end":7771.07},{"text":"a","start":7771.07,"end":7771.11},{"text":"line","start":7771.11,"end":7771.39},{"text":"between","start":7771.39,"end":7771.87},{"text":"business","start":7771.87,"end":7772.35},{"text":"activities","start":7772.35,"end":7772.91},{"text":"that","start":7772.91,"end":7773.31},{"text":"are","start":7773.31,"end":7773.63},{"text":"transnational","start":7773.87,"end":7774.75},{"text":"and","start":7774.75,"end":7775.03},{"text":"those","start":7775.03,"end":7775.31},{"text":"that","start":7775.31,"end":7775.63},{"text":"may","start":7775.63,"end":7775.87},{"text":"not","start":7775.87,"end":7776.35},{"text":"be,","start":7776.35,"end":7776.59},{"text":"the","start":7776.99,"end":7777.11},{"text":"text","start":7777.15,"end":7777.55},{"text":"opens","start":7777.55,"end":7777.91},{"text":"the","start":7777.91,"end":7777.99},{"text":"door","start":7777.99,"end":7778.35},{"text":"to","start":7778.35,"end":7778.59},{"text":"a","start":7779.71,"end":7779.75},{"text":"interpretation","start":7779.83,"end":7780.95},{"text":"that","start":7780.95,"end":7781.19},{"text":"extends","start":7781.19,"end":7781.95},{"text":"the","start":7781.95,"end":7782.11},{"text":"obligation","start":7782.15,"end":7782.95},{"text":"of","start":7782.95,"end":7783.27},{"text":"the","start":7783.27,"end":7783.35},{"text":"instrument","start":7783.35,"end":7784.31},{"text":"to","start":7784.63,"end":7784.79},{"text":"purely","start":7784.79,"end":7785.19},{"text":"domestic","start":7785.19,"end":7785.75},{"text":"activity","start":7785.75,"end":7786.47},{"text":"and","start":7786.47,"end":7786.79},{"text":"even","start":7786.79,"end":7787.43},{"text":"for","start":7787.59,"end":7787.99},{"text":"SMEs.","start":7787.99,"end":7788.71}]},{"text":"That will stretch the scope well beyond the mandate entrusted to this working group by resolution 26/9 and it will dilute the very focus on transnational corporations that so many delegations have defended.","start":7789.67,"end":7805.95,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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This issue was especially tied to indigenous peoples, collective harm, and whether international human rights law recognizes collective dimensions of rights and 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respectfully urge the Chair and States to adopt our proposal of merged text.","start":7921.19,"end":7927.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7921.19,"end":7921.39},{"text":"respectfully","start":7921.39,"end":7922.51},{"text":"urge","start":7922.51,"end":7922.79},{"text":"the","start":7922.79,"end":7922.91},{"text":"Chair","start":7922.91,"end":7923.27},{"text":"and","start":7923.27,"end":7923.55},{"text":"States","start":7923.55,"end":7924.27},{"text":"to","start":7924.27,"end":7924.35},{"text":"adopt","start":7924.35,"end":7924.79},{"text":"our","start":7924.79,"end":7924.87},{"text":"proposal","start":7924.87,"end":7925.67},{"text":"of","start":7925.99,"end":7926.15},{"text":"merged","start":7926.15,"end":7926.63},{"text":"text.","start":7926.63,"end":7927.11}]},{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":7927.19,"end":7927.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7927.19,"end":7927.55},{"text":"you,","start":7927.55,"end":7927.63},{"text":"Chair.","start":7927.67,"end":7927.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Terra Dignitas","group":"Terra Dignitas and the Rural Women's Assembly","function":null,"affiliation_full":"Terra Dignitas"}},{"statement_number":94,"start":7935.47,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:12:16","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":7935.47,"end":7935.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7935.47,"end":7935.71},{"text":"you.","start":7935.71,"end":7935.95}]},{"text":"That was the last speaker on the 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taken due note of all of your comments and observations.","start":7950.95,"end":7956.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I've","start":7950.95,"end":7951.07},{"text":"taken","start":7951.07,"end":7951.47},{"text":"due","start":7951.47,"end":7951.63},{"text":"note","start":7951.63,"end":7952.03},{"text":"of","start":7952.03,"end":7952.35},{"text":"all","start":7953.11,"end":7953.39},{"text":"of","start":7953.43,"end":7953.55},{"text":"your","start":7953.55,"end":7954.03},{"text":"comments","start":7954.19,"end":7954.99},{"text":"and","start":7954.99,"end":7955.19},{"text":"observations.","start":7955.19,"end":7956.27}]},{"text":"Let's continue with proposal 13.","start":7958.43,"end":7963.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let's","start":7958.43,"end":7958.99},{"text":"continue","start":7958.99,"end":7959.63},{"text":"with","start":7960.91,"end":7961.23},{"text":"proposal","start":7961.23,"end":7962.19},{"text":"13.","start":7962.19,"end":7963.39}]},{"text":"On the article 1.5, on the definition of business activities of a transnational nature, the goal is to clarify those.","start":7965.79,"end":7979.63,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":7965.79,"end":7966.11},{"text":"the","start":7966.19,"end":7966.31},{"text":"article","start":7966.59,"end":7967.59},{"text":"1.5,","start":7967.63,"end":7968.67},{"text":"on","start":7969.35,"end":7969.47},{"text":"the","start":7969.47,"end":7969.55},{"text":"definition","start":7969.55,"end":7970.19},{"text":"of","start":7970.19,"end":7970.35},{"text":"business","start":7970.35,"end":7970.91},{"text":"activities","start":7970.91,"end":7972.03},{"text":"of","start":7972.07,"end":7972.19},{"text":"a","start":7973.63,"end":7973.67},{"text":"transnational","start":7973.67,"end":7974.51},{"text":"nature,","start":7974.51,"end":7974.91},{"text":"the","start":7974.91,"end":7975.03},{"text":"goal","start":7975.15,"end":7975.79},{"text":"is","start":7976.67,"end":7977.15},{"text":"to","start":7977.95,"end":7978.07},{"text":"clarify","start":7978.07,"end":7978.83},{"text":"those.","start":7978.83,"end":7979.63}]},{"text":"This definition establishes three suppositions where a business activity becomes transnational in nature.","start":7980.11,"end":7992.03,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. Particular attention was given to transboundary environmental harm and whether concepts like \"significant effect\" are clear enough for legal use."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7980.11,"end":7980.35},{"text":"definition","start":7980.35,"end":7981.55},{"text":"establishes","start":7982.43,"end":7983.39},{"text":"three","start":7983.55,"end":7983.95},{"text":"suppositions","start":7983.95,"end":7984.83},{"text":"where","start":7984.83,"end":7985.59},{"text":"a","start":7986.35,"end":7986.39},{"text":"business","start":7986.39,"end":7986.83},{"text":"activity","start":7986.83,"end":7988.19},{"text":"becomes","start":7989.71,"end":7990.19},{"text":"transnational","start":7990.19,"end":7991.11},{"text":"in","start":7991.11,"end":7991.43},{"text":"nature.","start":7991.43,"end":7992.03}]},{"text":"when it is conducted in more than one jurisdiction or state, when it is conducted in a state but a significant part of the preparation, planning, direction, control, design, processing, manufacturing, storage, or distribution takes place in another state, and when it is undertaken in one state but has significant effect in another state or jurisdiction.","start":7992.71,"end":8014.83,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. Particular attention was given to transboundary environmental harm and whether concepts like \"significant effect\" are clear enough for legal use."}],"words":[{"text":"when","start":7992.71,"end":7993.15},{"text":"it","start":7993.15,"end":7993.31},{"text":"is","start":7993.31,"end":7993.47},{"text":"conducted","start":7993.47,"end":7993.95},{"text":"in","start":7993.95,"end":7994.03},{"text":"more","start":7994.03,"end":7994.23},{"text":"than","start":7994.23,"end":7994.35},{"text":"one","start":7994.35,"end":7994.51},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":7994.51,"end":7995.07},{"text":"or","start":7995.07,"end":7995.15},{"text":"state,","start":7995.15,"end":7995.63},{"text":"when","start":7995.63,"end":7995.87},{"text":"it","start":7995.87,"end":7996.03},{"text":"is","start":7996.03,"end":7996.43},{"text":"conducted","start":7996.43,"end":7997.23},{"text":"in","start":7997.23,"end":7997.59},{"text":"a","start":7997.59,"end":7997.63},{"text":"state","start":7997.63,"end":7998.03},{"text":"but","start":7998.03,"end":7998.19},{"text":"a","start":7998.19,"end":7998.23},{"text":"significant","start":7998.23,"end":7998.83},{"text":"part","start":7998.83,"end":7998.99},{"text":"of","start":7998.99,"end":7999.07},{"text":"the","start":7999.07,"end":7999.15},{"text":"preparation,","start":7999.15,"end":7999.95},{"text":"planning,","start":7999.95,"end":8000.91},{"text":"direction,","start":8001.47,"end":8002.03},{"text":"control,","start":8002.03,"end":8002.59},{"text":"design,","start":8002.59,"end":8003.23},{"text":"processing,","start":8003.23,"end":8003.87},{"text":"manufacturing,","start":8003.87,"end":8004.79},{"text":"storage,","start":8004.79,"end":8005.23},{"text":"or","start":8005.31,"end":8005.47},{"text":"distribution","start":8005.47,"end":8006.27},{"text":"takes","start":8006.27,"end":8006.59},{"text":"place","start":8006.59,"end":8006.87},{"text":"in","start":8006.87,"end":8006.99},{"text":"another","start":8006.99,"end":8007.59},{"text":"state,","start":8007.95,"end":8008.59},{"text":"and","start":8009.71,"end":8010.11},{"text":"when","start":8010.27,"end":8010.51},{"text":"it","start":8010.51,"end":8010.67},{"text":"is","start":8010.67,"end":8010.79},{"text":"undertaken","start":8010.79,"end":8011.27},{"text":"in","start":8011.27,"end":8011.35},{"text":"one","start":8011.35,"end":8011.55},{"text":"state","start":8011.55,"end":8011.79},{"text":"but","start":8011.79,"end":8011.95},{"text":"has","start":8011.95,"end":8012.19},{"text":"significant","start":8012.19,"end":8012.63},{"text":"effect","start":8012.63,"end":8012.99},{"text":"in","start":8012.99,"end":8013.31},{"text":"another","start":8013.31,"end":8013.55},{"text":"state","start":8013.55,"end":8013.87},{"text":"or","start":8013.87,"end":8014.03},{"text":"jurisdiction.","start":8014.03,"end":8014.83}]},{"text":"In the intercessional thematic consultation, some delegations proposed deleting C because they thought that the criterion of significant effect lacked objective parameters.","start":8017.07,"end":8030.07,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":8054.65,"end":8054.81},{"text":"were","start":8054.81,"end":8054.93},{"text":"different","start":8054.93,"end":8055.45},{"text":"positions","start":8055.45,"end":8056.57},{"text":"vis-a-vis","start":8057.29,"end":8057.73},{"text":"the","start":8057.73,"end":8057.89},{"text":"implications","start":8057.89,"end":8058.97},{"text":"for","start":8058.97,"end":8059.13},{"text":"subsidiaries","start":8059.13,"end":8060.17},{"text":"and","start":8060.49,"end":8060.69},{"text":"locally","start":8060.69,"end":8061.09},{"text":"established","start":8061.09,"end":8061.85},{"text":"entities","start":8061.85,"end":8062.65},{"text":"conducting","start":8062.89,"end":8063.69},{"text":"transnational","start":8063.69,"end":8064.49},{"text":"activities.","start":8064.49,"end":8065.29}]},{"text":"In light of that exchange, the chair rapporteur would suggest focusing the amendments in B on the two following aspects.","start":8067.85,"end":8078.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8067.85,"end":8068.05},{"text":"light","start":8068.05,"end":8068.29},{"text":"of","start":8068.29,"end":8068.37},{"text":"that","start":8068.37,"end":8068.61},{"text":"exchange,","start":8068.61,"end":8069.37},{"text":"the","start":8069.37,"end":8069.49},{"text":"chair","start":8069.53,"end":8069.73},{"text":"rapporteur","start":8069.73,"end":8070.33},{"text":"would","start":8070.33,"end":8070.49},{"text":"suggest","start":8070.49,"end":8071.21},{"text":"focusing","start":8071.21,"end":8072.41},{"text":"the","start":8073.45,"end":8073.57},{"text":"amendments","start":8074.25,"end":8074.97},{"text":"in","start":8074.97,"end":8075.37},{"text":"B","start":8075.45,"end":8076.09},{"text":"on","start":8076.09,"end":8076.33},{"text":"the","start":8076.33,"end":8076.45},{"text":"two","start":8076.45,"end":8076.81},{"text":"following","start":8076.81,"end":8077.45},{"text":"aspects.","start":8077.45,"end":8078.49}]},{"text":"Firstly, that the qualifier a significant part would be deleted because that may give rise to diverging interpretations.","start":8079.37,"end":8090.65,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. 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A and C would remain as they are, just with the slight amendment to the heading, with the deletion of 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The GCC, please.","start":8245.89,"end":8251.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8245.89,"end":8246.17},{"text":"European","start":8247.29,"end":8247.93},{"text":"Union.","start":8248.57,"end":8249.13},{"text":"The","start":8250.49,"end":8250.61},{"text":"GCC,","start":8250.61,"end":8251.13},{"text":"please.","start":8251.13,"end":8251.37}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":97,"start":8258.43,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:17:39","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":8258.43,"end":8259.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8258.43,"end":8258.67},{"text":"you,","start":8258.67,"end":8258.75},{"text":"Mr.","start":8258.75,"end":8259.07},{"text":"Chair.","start":8259.07,"end":8259.47}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Regarding the definition of business activities of a transnational character in paragraph 1.5, we suggest re-entering the term \"a significant part of\".","start":8259.79,"end":8274.75,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. 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The discussion focused on whether violations should be reserved for states or can also apply to corporations, including state-owned enterprises and conduct linked to serious international crimes."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8888.09,"end":8888.29},{"text":"addition,","start":8888.29,"end":8888.73},{"text":"we","start":8888.73,"end":8888.89},{"text":"recommend","start":8888.89,"end":8889.33},{"text":"refining","start":8889.33,"end":8889.93},{"text":"the","start":8889.93,"end":8890.05},{"text":"proposed","start":8890.05,"end":8890.49},{"text":"wording","start":8890.49,"end":8890.89},{"text":"to","start":8890.89,"end":8891.01},{"text":"ensure","start":8891.01,"end":8891.29},{"text":"legal","start":8891.29,"end":8891.69},{"text":"clarity","start":8891.69,"end":8892.13},{"text":"while","start":8892.13,"end":8892.41},{"text":"allowing","start":8892.41,"end":8892.89},{"text":"the","start":8892.89,"end":8893.05},{"text":"instrument","start":8893.05,"end":8893.57},{"text":"to","start":8893.57,"end":8893.65},{"text":"address","start":8893.65,"end":8894.01},{"text":"business-related","start":8894.09,"end":8894.89},{"text":"human","start":8894.89,"end":8895.21},{"text":"rights","start":8895.21,"end":8895.49},{"text":"abuses","start":8895.49,"end":8896.01},{"text":"that","start":8896.01,"end":8896.17},{"text":"involve","start":8896.17,"end":8896.53},{"text":"more","start":8896.53,"end":8896.73},{"text":"than","start":8896.73,"end":8896.89},{"text":"one","start":8896.89,"end":8897.13},{"text":"jurisdiction.","start":8897.13,"end":8897.85}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":8897.93,"end":8898.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8897.93,"end":8898.09},{"text":"thank","start":8898.09,"end":8898.33},{"text":"you.","start":8898.33,"end":8898.49}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"Global Forum for the Defense of the Less Privileged","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Global Forum for the Defense of the Less Privileged"}},{"statement_number":112,"start":8902.01,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:28:23","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":8902.01,"end":8902.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":8902.01,"end":8902.41},{"text":"gracias.","start":8902.41,"end":8902.97}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":8903.45,"end":8903.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8903.45,"end":8903.69},{"text":"you.","start":8903.69,"end":8903.85}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the International Organization of Employers.","start":8904.65,"end":8909.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8904.65,"end":8904.73},{"text":"give","start":8904.73,"end":8904.93},{"text":"the","start":8904.93,"end":8905.05},{"text":"floor","start":8905.05,"end":8905.61},{"text":"to","start":8906.09,"end":8906.29},{"text":"the","start":8906.33,"end":8906.53},{"text":"International","start":8906.57,"end":8907.61},{"text":"Organization","start":8907.61,"end":8908.29},{"text":"of","start":8908.29,"end":8908.41},{"text":"Employers.","start":8908.41,"end":8909.05}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":113,"start":8912.25,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:28:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":8912.25,"end":8913.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8912.25,"end":8912.45},{"text":"you,","start":8912.45,"end":8912.57},{"text":"Chair.","start":8912.57,"end":8913.05}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of IOE and USCIB.","start":8913.21,"end":8915.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8913.21,"end":8913.37},{"text":"speak","start":8913.37,"end":8913.69},{"text":"on","start":8913.69,"end":8913.77},{"text":"behalf","start":8913.77,"end":8914.17},{"text":"of","start":8914.17,"end":8914.33},{"text":"IOE","start":8914.33,"end":8914.81},{"text":"and","start":8914.81,"end":8914.97},{"text":"USCIB.","start":8914.97,"end":8915.69}]},{"text":"We are not supportive of this proposal.","start":8916.25,"end":8918.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8916.25,"end":8916.53},{"text":"are","start":8916.53,"end":8916.61},{"text":"not","start":8916.61,"end":8916.81},{"text":"supportive","start":8916.81,"end":8917.37},{"text":"of","start":8917.37,"end":8917.45},{"text":"this","start":8917.45,"end":8917.65},{"text":"proposal.","start":8917.65,"end":8918.41}]},{"text":"This definition is not needed and creates confusion as the instrument should apply to all business activities as stated previously.","start":8918.41,"end":8925.85,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9200.89,"end":9201.21},{"text":"Palestine's","start":9201.61,"end":9202.21},{"text":"position","start":9202.21,"end":9202.65},{"text":"we","start":9202.65,"end":9202.81},{"text":"also","start":9202.81,"end":9203.21},{"text":"reiterate","start":9203.21,"end":9203.85},{"text":"our","start":9204.01,"end":9204.25},{"text":"call","start":9204.25,"end":9204.57},{"text":"to","start":9204.57,"end":9204.65},{"text":"merge","start":9204.65,"end":9205.05},{"text":"both","start":9205.05,"end":9205.25},{"text":"paragraphs","start":9205.29,"end":9205.93},{"text":"4","start":9205.93,"end":9206.17},{"text":"and","start":9206.17,"end":9206.33},{"text":"5","start":9206.33,"end":9206.73},{"text":"into","start":9207.05,"end":9207.49},{"text":"a","start":9207.49,"end":9207.53},{"text":"single","start":9207.53,"end":9208.01},{"text":"provision","start":9208.01,"end":9208.81},{"text":"and","start":9208.81,"end":9208.93},{"text":"refer","start":9208.97,"end":9209.25},{"text":"to","start":9209.25,"end":9209.53},{"text":"TNCs","start":9210.01,"end":9210.73},{"text":"and","start":9210.81,"end":9211.09},{"text":"OBEs","start":9211.17,"end":9211.69},{"text":"of","start":9211.85,"end":9212.17},{"text":"transnational","start":9212.41,"end":9213.09},{"text":"character","start":9213.09,"end":9213.61},{"text":"in","start":9214.09,"end":9214.25},{"text":"line","start":9214.25,"end":9214.49},{"text":"with","start":9214.49,"end":9214.61},{"text":"the","start":9214.61,"end":9214.73},{"text":"proposal","start":9214.73,"end":9215.17},{"text":"supported","start":9216.21,"end":9217.13},{"text":"by","start":9217.37,"end":9217.61},{"text":"over","start":9217.69,"end":9217.93},{"text":"60","start":9217.93,"end":9218.65},{"text":"Global","start":9218.65,"end":9219.05},{"text":"South","start":9219.05,"end":9219.25},{"text":"states.","start":9219.37,"end":9219.93}]},{"text":"Having a separate abstract definition of business activities only dilutes the treaty's purpose and threatens to capture purely domestic enterprises and SMEs, exceeding the mandate of resolution 26/9.","start":9220.53,"end":9237.41,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. 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The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":9275.97,"end":9276.13},{"text":"often,","start":9276.13,"end":9276.69},{"text":"Transnational","start":9277.37,"end":9278.05},{"text":"corporations","start":9278.05,"end":9278.81},{"text":"outsource","start":9279.05,"end":9279.93},{"text":"high-risk,","start":9280.89,"end":9281.69},{"text":"polluting","start":9282.01,"end":9282.65},{"text":"or","start":9282.65,"end":9282.85},{"text":"exploitative","start":9282.85,"end":9283.45},{"text":"operations","start":9283.45,"end":9284.09},{"text":"to","start":9284.09,"end":9284.21},{"text":"local","start":9284.21,"end":9284.81},{"text":"suppliers","start":9284.89,"end":9285.69},{"text":"and","start":9285.69,"end":9285.97},{"text":"subcontractors,","start":9285.97,"end":9286.97},{"text":"claiming","start":9287.29,"end":9287.93},{"text":"that","start":9288.17,"end":9288.41},{"text":"these","start":9288.41,"end":9288.89},{"text":"abuses","start":9288.89,"end":9289.45},{"text":"are","start":9289.45,"end":9289.53},{"text":"purely","start":9289.53,"end":9290.01},{"text":"domestic.","start":9290.01,"end":9290.57}]},{"text":"As fisherpeople and communities, we see this in our territories, where transnational aquaculture, mining and shipping companies are using complex business structures to evade direct responsibility for violating the human rights of fishing communities and polluting the environment.","start":9291.37,"end":9308.65,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."},{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9291.37,"end":9291.61},{"text":"fisherpeople","start":9291.61,"end":9292.21},{"text":"and","start":9292.21,"end":9292.37},{"text":"communities,","start":9292.37,"end":9293.13},{"text":"we","start":9293.29,"end":9293.45},{"text":"see","start":9293.45,"end":9293.93},{"text":"this","start":9293.93,"end":9294.25},{"text":"in","start":9294.33,"end":9294.49},{"text":"our","start":9294.57,"end":9294.65},{"text":"territories,","start":9294.65,"end":9295.53},{"text":"where","start":9295.93,"end":9296.09},{"text":"transnational","start":9296.09,"end":9296.77},{"text":"aquaculture,","start":9296.77,"end":9297.53},{"text":"mining","start":9297.53,"end":9298.09},{"text":"and","start":9298.09,"end":9298.37},{"text":"shipping","start":9298.37,"end":9298.65},{"text":"companies","start":9298.65,"end":9299.21},{"text":"are","start":9299.21,"end":9299.53},{"text":"using","start":9300.29,"end":9300.93},{"text":"complex","start":9301.01,"end":9301.57},{"text":"business","start":9301.57,"end":9302.17},{"text":"structures","start":9302.17,"end":9302.61},{"text":"to","start":9302.61,"end":9302.73},{"text":"evade","start":9302.73,"end":9303.25},{"text":"direct","start":9303.49,"end":9303.85},{"text":"responsibility","start":9303.85,"end":9304.53},{"text":"for","start":9304.53,"end":9304.73},{"text":"violating","start":9304.73,"end":9305.17},{"text":"the","start":9305.17,"end":9305.25},{"text":"human","start":9305.25,"end":9305.53},{"text":"rights","start":9305.53,"end":9305.89},{"text":"of","start":9306.21,"end":9306.33},{"text":"fishing","start":9306.33,"end":9306.65},{"text":"communities","start":9306.65,"end":9307.21},{"text":"and","start":9307.21,"end":9307.41},{"text":"polluting","start":9307.41,"end":9307.81},{"text":"the","start":9307.81,"end":9307.89},{"text":"environment.","start":9307.89,"end":9308.65}]},{"text":"They also escape the costs of environmental disasters, leaving affected communities unable to access remedies and reparations, as in the 2021 burning of the Excess Burr ship in Sri Lanka.","start":9309.33,"end":9324.61,"topics":[{"key":"healthy-environment","label":"Right to a Healthy Environment","description":"Several speakers urged explicit inclusion of the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment in the treaty's definitions. Environmental degradation from business activities, especially mining and other extractive industries, was presented as directly connected to human rights protection."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9309.33,"end":9309.57},{"text":"also","start":9309.57,"end":9309.97},{"text":"escape","start":9309.97,"end":9310.85},{"text":"the","start":9311.01,"end":9311.21},{"text":"costs","start":9311.21,"end":9311.65},{"text":"of","start":9311.65,"end":9311.89},{"text":"environmental","start":9311.89,"end":9312.45},{"text":"disasters,","start":9312.45,"end":9313.17},{"text":"leaving","start":9313.65,"end":9314.13},{"text":"affected","start":9314.13,"end":9314.53},{"text":"communities","start":9314.53,"end":9315.25},{"text":"unable","start":9316.13,"end":9316.61},{"text":"to","start":9316.61,"end":9316.69},{"text":"access","start":9316.69,"end":9317.17},{"text":"remedies","start":9317.17,"end":9317.65},{"text":"and","start":9317.65,"end":9318.01},{"text":"reparations,","start":9318.13,"end":9318.93},{"text":"as","start":9319.49,"end":9319.89},{"text":"in","start":9320.45,"end":9320.57},{"text":"the","start":9320.57,"end":9320.65},{"text":"2021","start":9320.65,"end":9321.57},{"text":"burning","start":9321.89,"end":9322.33},{"text":"of","start":9322.33,"end":9322.45},{"text":"the","start":9322.45,"end":9322.57},{"text":"Excess","start":9322.57,"end":9322.93},{"text":"Burr","start":9322.93,"end":9323.41},{"text":"ship","start":9323.49,"end":9323.81},{"text":"in","start":9323.81,"end":9323.97},{"text":"Sri","start":9323.97,"end":9324.17},{"text":"Lanka.","start":9324.17,"end":9324.61}]},{"text":"To close this persistent loophole, and in line also with Palestine's proposal, we suggest that the Chair explicitly incorporate a criterion capturing activities undertaken within a single state as part of a value chain, specifically where the activity contributes to, enables, or benefits from transnational business operations.","start":9325.57,"end":9350.25,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."},{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. Particular attention was given to transboundary environmental harm and whether concepts like \"significant effect\" are clear enough for legal use."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":9325.57,"end":9325.61},{"text":"close","start":9325.61,"end":9325.93},{"text":"this","start":9325.93,"end":9326.25},{"text":"persistent","start":9326.25,"end":9326.93},{"text":"loophole,","start":9326.93,"end":9327.53},{"text":"and","start":9327.61,"end":9328.01},{"text":"in","start":9328.01,"end":9328.17},{"text":"line","start":9328.17,"end":9328.65},{"text":"also","start":9328.81,"end":9329.25},{"text":"with","start":9329.25,"end":9329.41},{"text":"Palestine's","start":9329.45,"end":9330.01},{"text":"proposal,","start":9330.01,"end":9330.73},{"text":"we","start":9331.13,"end":9331.29},{"text":"suggest","start":9331.29,"end":9331.73},{"text":"that","start":9331.73,"end":9332.01},{"text":"the","start":9332.33,"end":9332.49},{"text":"Chair","start":9332.49,"end":9332.89},{"text":"explicitly","start":9333.37,"end":9334.25},{"text":"incorporate","start":9334.41,"end":9335.21},{"text":"a","start":9335.21,"end":9335.29},{"text":"criterion","start":9335.29,"end":9335.93},{"text":"capturing","start":9335.93,"end":9336.49},{"text":"activities","start":9336.49,"end":9337.13},{"text":"undertaken","start":9337.73,"end":9338.41},{"text":"within","start":9338.41,"end":9338.65},{"text":"a","start":9338.65,"end":9338.69},{"text":"single","start":9338.69,"end":9339.21},{"text":"state","start":9339.21,"end":9339.61},{"text":"as","start":9339.61,"end":9339.85},{"text":"part","start":9339.85,"end":9340.17},{"text":"of","start":9340.17,"end":9340.29},{"text":"a","start":9340.29,"end":9340.33},{"text":"value","start":9340.37,"end":9340.65},{"text":"chain,","start":9340.65,"end":9341.05},{"text":"specifically","start":9341.45,"end":9342.49},{"text":"where","start":9342.97,"end":9343.45},{"text":"the","start":9343.53,"end":9343.65},{"text":"activity","start":9343.65,"end":9344.49},{"text":"contributes","start":9344.81,"end":9345.61},{"text":"to,","start":9345.61,"end":9345.93},{"text":"enables,","start":9346.33,"end":9347.05},{"text":"or","start":9347.05,"end":9347.33},{"text":"benefits","start":9347.33,"end":9347.81},{"text":"from","start":9347.81,"end":9348.17},{"text":"transnational","start":9348.49,"end":9349.21},{"text":"business","start":9349.21,"end":9349.57},{"text":"operations.","start":9349.57,"end":9350.25}]},{"text":"This approach does not capture ordinary domestic businesses, Rather, it adheres to the economic reality of TNCs, ensuring that corporations cannot evade accountability by fragmenting their operations and outsourcing their harms.","start":9350.65,"end":9366.77,"topics":[{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."},{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9350.65,"end":9350.89},{"text":"approach","start":9350.89,"end":9351.37},{"text":"does","start":9351.37,"end":9351.61},{"text":"not","start":9351.61,"end":9351.77},{"text":"capture","start":9351.77,"end":9352.33},{"text":"ordinary","start":9352.33,"end":9352.85},{"text":"domestic","start":9352.85,"end":9353.29},{"text":"businesses,","start":9353.29,"end":9354.01},{"text":"Rather,","start":9354.45,"end":9354.85},{"text":"it","start":9354.85,"end":9355.09},{"text":"adheres","start":9355.09,"end":9355.73},{"text":"to","start":9355.73,"end":9355.81},{"text":"the","start":9355.81,"end":9355.93},{"text":"economic","start":9355.93,"end":9356.45},{"text":"reality","start":9357.01,"end":9357.45},{"text":"of","start":9357.45,"end":9357.57},{"text":"TNCs,","start":9357.57,"end":9358.37},{"text":"ensuring","start":9358.77,"end":9359.49},{"text":"that","start":9359.73,"end":9359.97},{"text":"corporations","start":9359.97,"end":9360.69},{"text":"cannot","start":9360.69,"end":9361.09},{"text":"evade","start":9361.09,"end":9361.57},{"text":"accountability","start":9361.89,"end":9362.57},{"text":"by","start":9362.57,"end":9362.77},{"text":"fragmenting","start":9362.77,"end":9363.37},{"text":"their","start":9363.37,"end":9363.49},{"text":"operations","start":9363.49,"end":9364.21},{"text":"and","start":9364.21,"end":9364.53},{"text":"outsourcing","start":9365.09,"end":9365.73},{"text":"their","start":9365.73,"end":9366.05},{"text":"harms.","start":9366.29,"end":9366.77}]},{"text":"I thank you, Chair.","start":9367.41,"end":9368.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9367.41,"end":9367.57},{"text":"thank","start":9367.61,"end":9367.85},{"text":"you,","start":9367.85,"end":9367.97},{"text":"Chair.","start":9367.97,"end":9368.29}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"World Forum of Fisher People","group":"ICSF","function":null,"affiliation_full":"World Forum of Fisher People"}},{"statement_number":120,"start":9371.81,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:36:12","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias.","start":9371.81,"end":9373.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":9371.81,"end":9372.17},{"text":"gracias.","start":9372.25,"end":9373.01}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":9373.89,"end":9374.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9373.89,"end":9374.13},{"text":"you.","start":9374.13,"end":9374.37}]},{"text":"That was the last speaker on my list.","start":9375.73,"end":9378.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":9375.73,"end":9375.89},{"text":"was","start":9375.89,"end":9376.13},{"text":"the","start":9376.13,"end":9376.21},{"text":"last","start":9376.21,"end":9376.69},{"text":"speaker","start":9376.69,"end":9377.41},{"text":"on","start":9377.41,"end":9377.65},{"text":"my","start":9377.65,"end":9377.89},{"text":"list.","start":9377.89,"end":9378.37}]},{"text":"So I would like to thank all of those who participated in this exchange of views.","start":9378.77,"end":9383.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9378.77,"end":9379.25},{"text":"I","start":9379.33,"end":9379.37},{"text":"would","start":9379.37,"end":9379.49},{"text":"like","start":9379.49,"end":9379.73},{"text":"to","start":9379.73,"end":9379.85},{"text":"thank","start":9379.85,"end":9380.29},{"text":"all","start":9380.29,"end":9380.53},{"text":"of","start":9380.53,"end":9380.61},{"text":"those","start":9380.61,"end":9380.97},{"text":"who","start":9380.97,"end":9381.09},{"text":"participated","start":9381.09,"end":9381.85},{"text":"in","start":9381.85,"end":9381.97},{"text":"this","start":9381.97,"end":9382.21},{"text":"exchange","start":9382.21,"end":9382.65},{"text":"of","start":9382.65,"end":9382.73},{"text":"views.","start":9382.73,"end":9383.25}]},{"text":"Now we will look at proposal number 14 related to the definition of business relationship, article 1.6.","start":9384.77,"end":9398.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":9384.77,"end":9385.33},{"text":"we","start":9385.33,"end":9385.73},{"text":"will","start":9385.73,"end":9386.13},{"text":"look","start":9386.21,"end":9386.93},{"text":"at","start":9387.09,"end":9387.65},{"text":"proposal","start":9388.29,"end":9388.77},{"text":"number","start":9388.77,"end":9389.09},{"text":"14","start":9389.09,"end":9390.05},{"text":"related","start":9390.13,"end":9390.65},{"text":"to","start":9390.65,"end":9390.85},{"text":"the","start":9390.85,"end":9391.05},{"text":"definition","start":9391.05,"end":9392.05},{"text":"of","start":9392.13,"end":9392.37},{"text":"business","start":9392.37,"end":9392.85},{"text":"relationship,","start":9392.85,"end":9393.73},{"text":"article","start":9396.21,"end":9396.77},{"text":"1.6.","start":9397.17,"end":9398.21}]},{"text":"As I said when I presented proposal 12, the idea is to align this definition with business activities, avoiding overlap or conceptual repetitions.","start":9400.69,"end":9414.17,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9400.69,"end":9401.41},{"text":"I","start":9401.57,"end":9401.73},{"text":"said","start":9401.73,"end":9401.97},{"text":"when","start":9401.97,"end":9402.21},{"text":"I","start":9402.21,"end":9402.29},{"text":"presented","start":9402.29,"end":9403.01},{"text":"proposal","start":9403.01,"end":9403.57},{"text":"12,","start":9403.57,"end":9404.13},{"text":"the","start":9404.53,"end":9404.65},{"text":"idea","start":9404.65,"end":9405.09},{"text":"is","start":9405.09,"end":9405.33},{"text":"to","start":9405.33,"end":9405.49},{"text":"align","start":9405.49,"end":9406.01},{"text":"this","start":9406.01,"end":9406.21},{"text":"definition","start":9406.21,"end":9406.93},{"text":"with","start":9406.93,"end":9407.17},{"text":"business","start":9407.17,"end":9407.73},{"text":"activities,","start":9407.81,"end":9409.01},{"text":"avoiding","start":9410.53,"end":9411.01},{"text":"overlap","start":9411.37,"end":9412.01},{"text":"or","start":9412.09,"end":9412.29},{"text":"conceptual","start":9412.29,"end":9412.97},{"text":"repetitions.","start":9412.97,"end":9414.17}]},{"text":"This definition covers any relationship between physical and legal persons, including state and non-state entities, to carry out business activities through subsidiaries, agents, providers, associations, or joint ventures, or any other structure or relationship throughout the entire value chain.","start":9415.05,"end":9445.93,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9415.05,"end":9415.61},{"text":"definition","start":9415.85,"end":9416.89},{"text":"covers","start":9417.13,"end":9417.77},{"text":"any","start":9417.93,"end":9418.25},{"text":"relationship","start":9418.25,"end":9418.85},{"text":"between","start":9418.85,"end":9419.69},{"text":"physical","start":9420.09,"end":9420.57},{"text":"and","start":9420.57,"end":9420.77},{"text":"legal","start":9420.77,"end":9421.13},{"text":"persons,","start":9421.13,"end":9421.77},{"text":"including","start":9421.77,"end":9422.25},{"text":"state","start":9422.25,"end":9422.57},{"text":"and","start":9422.57,"end":9422.69},{"text":"non-state","start":9422.69,"end":9423.21},{"text":"entities,","start":9423.21,"end":9424.01},{"text":"to","start":9424.41,"end":9424.57},{"text":"carry","start":9424.57,"end":9425.21},{"text":"out","start":9425.21,"end":9425.53},{"text":"business","start":9425.53,"end":9426.33},{"text":"activities","start":9427.29,"end":9428.41},{"text":"through","start":9428.41,"end":9429.21},{"text":"subsidiaries,","start":9429.85,"end":9431.53},{"text":"agents,","start":9433.53,"end":9434.33},{"text":"providers,","start":9434.73,"end":9435.45},{"text":"associations,","start":9435.45,"end":9436.65},{"text":"or","start":9436.73,"end":9437.37},{"text":"joint","start":9438.65,"end":9439.05},{"text":"ventures,","start":9439.05,"end":9439.65},{"text":"or","start":9439.65,"end":9439.85},{"text":"any","start":9439.85,"end":9440.25},{"text":"other","start":9440.25,"end":9440.57},{"text":"structure","start":9440.57,"end":9441.21},{"text":"or","start":9441.21,"end":9441.33},{"text":"relationship","start":9441.33,"end":9442.09},{"text":"throughout","start":9442.73,"end":9443.25},{"text":"the","start":9443.25,"end":9443.41},{"text":"entire","start":9443.41,"end":9444.01},{"text":"value","start":9444.01,"end":9444.81},{"text":"chain.","start":9445.13,"end":9445.93}]},{"text":"The central question that was discussed during intersessional thematic consultations was the inclusion of financial institutions and financial relationships.","start":9449.29,"end":9458.09,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9449.29,"end":9449.41},{"text":"central","start":9449.41,"end":9449.77},{"text":"question","start":9449.77,"end":9450.25},{"text":"that","start":9450.25,"end":9450.41},{"text":"was","start":9450.41,"end":9450.65},{"text":"discussed","start":9450.65,"end":9451.21},{"text":"during","start":9451.21,"end":9451.45},{"text":"intersessional","start":9451.45,"end":9452.09},{"text":"thematic","start":9452.09,"end":9452.53},{"text":"consultations","start":9452.53,"end":9453.37},{"text":"was","start":9453.37,"end":9453.61},{"text":"the","start":9453.61,"end":9453.73},{"text":"inclusion","start":9453.73,"end":9454.33},{"text":"of","start":9454.33,"end":9454.53},{"text":"financial","start":9454.53,"end":9455.05},{"text":"institutions","start":9455.05,"end":9455.77},{"text":"and","start":9455.77,"end":9456.17},{"text":"financial","start":9456.41,"end":9457.13},{"text":"relationships.","start":9457.13,"end":9458.09}]},{"text":"Some organizations and delegations supported this directly while other delegations said that the existing definition is sufficiently broad.","start":9458.81,"end":9473.37,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. 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a result, the language that is being proposed includes three elements.","start":9528.01,"end":9535.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9528.01,"end":9528.21},{"text":"a","start":9528.21,"end":9528.25},{"text":"result,","start":9528.25,"end":9528.89},{"text":"the","start":9528.89,"end":9529.13},{"text":"language","start":9530.09,"end":9530.49},{"text":"that","start":9530.49,"end":9530.65},{"text":"is","start":9530.65,"end":9530.73},{"text":"being","start":9530.73,"end":9531.13},{"text":"proposed","start":9531.13,"end":9531.85},{"text":"includes","start":9532.73,"end":9533.45},{"text":"three","start":9534.09,"end":9534.65},{"text":"elements.","start":9534.81,"end":9535.53}]},{"text":"First, it includes in the indicative list financial institutions, investment funds, transnational corporate groups, elements that will be deleted from Article 1.4.","start":9535.61,"end":9548.73,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment 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Chairperson.","start":9756.65,"end":9758.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9756.65,"end":9756.81},{"text":"you","start":9756.81,"end":9756.89},{"text":"very","start":9756.89,"end":9757.05},{"text":"much","start":9757.05,"end":9757.21},{"text":"indeed,","start":9757.21,"end":9757.69},{"text":"Chairperson.","start":9758.01,"end":9758.97}]},{"text":"Our position on this article is in line with what we said on 1.4 and 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The State of Palestine, I have the floor.","start":9926.89,"end":9931.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9926.89,"end":9927.13},{"text":"you,","start":9927.13,"end":9927.21},{"text":"Pizzey.","start":9927.21,"end":9927.49},{"text":"The","start":9929.77,"end":9929.89},{"text":"State","start":9929.93,"end":9930.13},{"text":"of","start":9930.13,"end":9930.21},{"text":"Palestine,","start":9930.21,"end":9930.65},{"text":"I","start":9930.65,"end":9930.69},{"text":"have","start":9930.69,"end":9930.81},{"text":"the","start":9930.81,"end":9930.89},{"text":"floor.","start":9930.89,"end":9931.09}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":131,"start":9934.17,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=2:45:35","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":9934.17,"end":9935.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9934.17,"end":9934.37},{"text":"you,","start":9934.37,"end":9934.45},{"text":"Mr.","start":9934.45,"end":9934.69},{"text":"Chair.","start":9934.69,"end":9935.09}]},{"text":"On 1.6, we welcome the retention of the reference to value chains.","start":9935.09,"end":9939.57,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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States wish to take the floor now?","start":10025.17,"end":10027.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":10025.17,"end":10025.29},{"text":"any","start":10025.29,"end":10025.49},{"text":"other","start":10025.49,"end":10025.65},{"text":"States","start":10025.65,"end":10026.45},{"text":"wish","start":10026.45,"end":10026.69},{"text":"to","start":10026.69,"end":10026.81},{"text":"take","start":10026.81,"end":10026.93},{"text":"the","start":10026.93,"end":10027.01},{"text":"floor","start":10027.01,"end":10027.41},{"text":"now?","start":10027.65,"end":10027.97}]},{"text":"If that's not the case, we will move to statements from civil society and other relevant 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Colombia.","start":10057.77,"end":10062.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":10057.77,"end":10057.93},{"text":"name","start":10057.93,"end":10058.05},{"text":"is","start":10058.05,"end":10058.13},{"text":"Victoria","start":10058.13,"end":10058.45},{"text":"Munoz","start":10058.45,"end":10058.97},{"text":"and","start":10058.97,"end":10059.21},{"text":"I'm","start":10059.21,"end":10059.41},{"text":"a","start":10059.41,"end":10059.45},{"text":"lawyer","start":10059.45,"end":10059.69},{"text":"and","start":10059.69,"end":10059.81},{"text":"human","start":10059.81,"end":10060.05},{"text":"rights","start":10060.05,"end":10060.25},{"text":"defender","start":10060.25,"end":10060.81},{"text":"from","start":10060.97,"end":10061.37},{"text":"Colombia.","start":10061.37,"end":10062.09}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of SUMED, the Association for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights, a member of the Global 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the ethical challenges here, it is vital to ensure universality of human rights across the 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"ai-digital-activities","label":"Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Activities","description":"A notable topic was whether artificial intelligence and activities conducted by electronic, digital, or platform-based means should be explicitly named in the treaty. Delegations generally supported addressing new technologies, though many sought more precise drafting on development, deployment, use, and governance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10342.33,"end":10342.57},{"text":"welcome","start":10342.57,"end":10342.97},{"text":"the","start":10342.97,"end":10343.09},{"text":"additional","start":10343.09,"end":10343.49},{"text":"reference","start":10343.49,"end":10344.01},{"text":"to","start":10344.01,"end":10344.17},{"text":"financial","start":10344.17,"end":10344.61},{"text":"institutions,","start":10344.61,"end":10345.33},{"text":"investment","start":10345.33,"end":10345.93},{"text":"funds","start":10345.93,"end":10346.33},{"text":"and","start":10346.41,"end":10346.61},{"text":"transnational","start":10346.61,"end":10347.21},{"text":"corporate","start":10347.21,"end":10347.73},{"text":"groups","start":10347.73,"end":10348.13},{"text":"and","start":10348.65,"end":10348.89},{"text":"artificial","start":10348.89,"end":10349.41},{"text":"intelligence","start":10349.41,"end":10350.09},{"text":"at","start":10350.33,"end":10350.53},{"text":"the","start":10350.53,"end":10350.61},{"text":"end","start":10350.65,"end":10350.89},{"text":"of","start":10350.89,"end":10350.97},{"text":"the","start":10350.97,"end":10351.13},{"text":"article,","start":10351.13,"end":10351.61},{"text":"as","start":10351.77,"end":10352.01},{"text":"well","start":10352.01,"end":10352.25},{"text":"as","start":10352.25,"end":10352.49},{"text":"the","start":10352.49,"end":10352.61},{"text":"deletion","start":10352.61,"end":10353.05},{"text":"of","start":10353.05,"end":10353.21},{"text":"the","start":10353.21,"end":10353.33},{"text":"reference","start":10353.33,"end":10353.77},{"text":"to","start":10353.77,"end":10353.93},{"text":"national","start":10353.93,"end":10354.49},{"text":"law.","start":10354.49,"end":10354.57}]},{"text":"Chair, these changes represent significant improvement to the text.","start":10355.29,"end":10358.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":10355.29,"end":10355.61},{"text":"these","start":10355.69,"end":10355.93},{"text":"changes","start":10355.93,"end":10356.41},{"text":"represent","start":10356.41,"end":10356.93},{"text":"significant","start":10356.93,"end":10357.61},{"text":"improvement","start":10357.61,"end":10358.29},{"text":"to","start":10358.29,"end":10358.37},{"text":"the","start":10358.37,"end":10358.49},{"text":"text.","start":10358.49,"end":10358.89}]},{"text":"Although not raised in the commentary to this specific provision, we know that the commentary to proposal 20 asks whether the concept of value change is adequately defined.","start":10359.61,"end":10370.49,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."},{"key":"transnational-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty: Transnational or All Business Activity","description":"A central issue was whether the instrument should apply only to transnational corporations and business activities of a transnational character, or more broadly to all business enterprises. Speakers also discussed whether this limitation should appear in the definitions chapter or instead in the treaty's scope and purpose provisions."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":10392.01,"end":10392.17},{"text":"the","start":10392.17,"end":10392.29},{"text":"definition","start":10392.29,"end":10392.89},{"text":"is","start":10392.89,"end":10393.05},{"text":"needed,","start":10393.05,"end":10393.45},{"text":"we","start":10393.45,"end":10393.69},{"text":"could","start":10393.69,"end":10393.97},{"text":"suggest","start":10393.97,"end":10394.53},{"text":"something","start":10394.53,"end":10394.97},{"text":"along","start":10394.97,"end":10395.29},{"text":"this","start":10395.29,"end":10395.45},{"text":"following","start":10395.45,"end":10395.89},{"text":"line:","start":10395.93,"end":10396.33},{"text":"Global","start":10396.97,"end":10397.37},{"text":"value","start":10397.37,"end":10397.69},{"text":"chains","start":10397.69,"end":10398.17},{"text":"means","start":10398.33,"end":10398.81},{"text":"the","start":10398.81,"end":10398.93},{"text":"full","start":10398.93,"end":10399.29},{"text":"range","start":10399.29,"end":10399.69},{"text":"of","start":10399.69,"end":10400.01},{"text":"upstream","start":10400.01,"end":10400.65},{"text":"and","start":10400.73,"end":10400.93},{"text":"downstream","start":10400.93,"end":10401.53},{"text":"business","start":10401.53,"end":10401.97},{"text":"activities","start":10401.97,"end":10402.65},{"text":"of","start":10402.97,"end":10403.17},{"text":"a","start":10403.17,"end":10403.21},{"text":"transnational","start":10403.21,"end":10404.09},{"text":"character","start":10404.09,"end":10404.65},{"text":"of","start":10404.65,"end":10404.89},{"text":"a","start":10404.89,"end":10404.97},{"text":"business","start":10404.97,"end":10405.41},{"text":"enterprise","start":10405.41,"end":10406.01},{"text":"business","start":10406.25,"end":10406.73},{"text":"relationship.","start":10406.73,"end":10407.45}]},{"text":"Chair, it might sound very circular, but this formulation incorporates existing definitions.","start":10408.01,"end":10413.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":10408.01,"end":10408.33},{"text":"it","start":10408.57,"end":10408.73},{"text":"might","start":10408.73,"end":10408.97},{"text":"sound","start":10408.97,"end":10409.29},{"text":"very","start":10409.29,"end":10409.53},{"text":"circular,","start":10409.53,"end":10410.09},{"text":"but","start":10410.25,"end":10410.53},{"text":"this","start":10410.53,"end":10410.73},{"text":"formulation","start":10410.73,"end":10411.53},{"text":"incorporates","start":10411.53,"end":10412.37},{"text":"existing","start":10412.37,"end":10412.89},{"text":"definitions.","start":10412.89,"end":10413.61}]},{"text":"However, Chair, through you, we would like to ask the legal experts whether the current drafting and definition adequately defines or explains the concept of global value chain for the purpose of the adequate implementation of the LBI.","start":10414.17,"end":10429.61,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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Chair.","start":10454.09,"end":10454.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10454.09,"end":10454.29},{"text":"you,","start":10454.29,"end":10454.41},{"text":"Chair.","start":10454.41,"end":10454.81}]},{"text":"I speak on behalf of IOE and UIC-ABI.","start":10454.81,"end":10457.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10454.81,"end":10454.97},{"text":"speak","start":10454.97,"end":10455.21},{"text":"on","start":10455.21,"end":10455.37},{"text":"behalf","start":10455.37,"end":10455.69},{"text":"of","start":10455.69,"end":10455.93},{"text":"IOE","start":10455.93,"end":10456.33},{"text":"and","start":10456.33,"end":10456.49},{"text":"UIC-ABI.","start":10456.49,"end":10457.05}]},{"text":"Chair, we cannot support this proposal.","start":10457.93,"end":10459.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":10457.93,"end":10458.29},{"text":"we","start":10458.29,"end":10458.41},{"text":"cannot","start":10458.41,"end":10458.69},{"text":"support","start":10458.69,"end":10459.01},{"text":"this","start":10459.01,"end":10459.21},{"text":"proposal.","start":10459.21,"end":10459.77}]},{"text":"Defining business relationships as any relationship remains completely unworkable as it is limitless, vague and overly broad.","start":10459.93,"end":10467.85,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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proposal.","start":10686.37,"end":10691.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"to","start":10686.37,"end":10686.53},{"text":"make","start":10686.53,"end":10686.73},{"text":"this","start":10686.73,"end":10686.93},{"text":"intervention","start":10686.93,"end":10687.57},{"text":"on","start":10687.57,"end":10687.81},{"text":"106","start":10687.81,"end":10688.85},{"text":"before","start":10688.85,"end":10689.41},{"text":"moving","start":10689.73,"end":10690.13},{"text":"to","start":10690.13,"end":10690.21},{"text":"the","start":10690.21,"end":10690.33},{"text":"next","start":10690.33,"end":10690.85},{"text":"proposal.","start":10690.85,"end":10691.49}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, we note that the definition of business relationship has become too broad, covering any relationship in the entirety of the value chain, including financial institutions and investment funds.","start":10692.53,"end":10709.89,"topics":[{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment 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Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too broad."},{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":10692.53,"end":10692.97},{"text":"Chair,","start":10692.97,"end":10693.25},{"text":"we","start":10693.25,"end":10693.73},{"text":"note","start":10693.73,"end":10694.37},{"text":"that","start":10694.37,"end":10694.73},{"text":"the","start":10694.73,"end":10694.85},{"text":"definition","start":10694.85,"end":10695.65},{"text":"of","start":10695.65,"end":10696.05},{"text":"business","start":10696.05,"end":10696.61},{"text":"relationship","start":10696.85,"end":10697.65},{"text":"has","start":10697.65,"end":10698.13},{"text":"become","start":10698.21,"end":10698.77},{"text":"too","start":10698.77,"end":10699.01},{"text":"broad,","start":10699.01,"end":10699.57},{"text":"covering","start":10700.37,"end":10700.93},{"text":"any","start":10700.93,"end":10701.25},{"text":"relationship","start":10701.25,"end":10702.05},{"text":"in","start":10702.05,"end":10702.53},{"text":"the","start":10704.37,"end":10704.57},{"text":"entirety","start":10704.57,"end":10705.25},{"text":"of","start":10705.25,"end":10705.41},{"text":"the","start":10705.41,"end":10705.53},{"text":"value","start":10705.53,"end":10706.13},{"text":"chain,","start":10706.13,"end":10706.77},{"text":"including","start":10706.77,"end":10707.33},{"text":"financial","start":10707.33,"end":10707.77},{"text":"institutions","start":10707.77,"end":10708.61},{"text":"and","start":10708.61,"end":10708.93},{"text":"investment","start":10708.93,"end":10709.37},{"text":"funds.","start":10709.37,"end":10709.89}]},{"text":"It also refers to government and non-government entities.","start":10710.33,"end":10714.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10710.33,"end":10710.45},{"text":"also","start":10710.45,"end":10710.69},{"text":"refers","start":10710.69,"end":10711.41},{"text":"to","start":10711.57,"end":10711.89},{"text":"government","start":10711.89,"end":10712.41},{"text":"and","start":10712.41,"end":10712.53},{"text":"non-government","start":10712.53,"end":10713.25},{"text":"entities.","start":10713.25,"end":10714.05}]},{"text":"while removing the reference to the domestic legislation, which might entail legal impacts on far or incidental links.","start":10714.73,"end":10728.69,"topics":[{"key":"transboundary-effects","label":"Transboundary Business Activities and Cross-Border Effects","description":"Delegations debated the criteria for determining when a business activity is transnational in character, including cross-border planning, control, procurement, and effects in another state. 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The debate addressed direct causation, fault standards, predictability for companies, and how definitions affect legal liability and enforcement."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10728.85,"end":10729.09},{"text":"believe","start":10729.09,"end":10729.65},{"text":"that","start":10729.73,"end":10730.29},{"text":"the","start":10730.29,"end":10730.41},{"text":"criterion","start":10730.41,"end":10731.09},{"text":"must","start":10731.09,"end":10731.57},{"text":"be","start":10731.65,"end":10732.13},{"text":"the","start":10732.13,"end":10732.37},{"text":"actual","start":10732.45,"end":10733.09},{"text":"control","start":10733.09,"end":10733.81},{"text":"or","start":10734.85,"end":10735.25},{"text":"the","start":10735.25,"end":10735.33},{"text":"direct","start":10735.33,"end":10735.77},{"text":"and","start":10735.77,"end":10735.89},{"text":"considerable","start":10735.89,"end":10736.53},{"text":"impact","start":10736.53,"end":10737.17},{"text":"in","start":10737.65,"end":10738.05},{"text":"the","start":10738.13,"end":10738.45},{"text":"relevant","start":10739.09,"end":10739.77},{"text":"activities","start":10739.77,"end":10740.45},{"text":"rather","start":10740.45,"end":10740.81},{"text":"than","start":10740.81,"end":10741.25},{"text":"the","start":10741.25,"end":10741.41},{"text":"legal","start":10741.41,"end":10742.05},{"text":"form","start":10742.21,"end":10742.77},{"text":"of","start":10742.77,"end":10742.93},{"text":"such","start":10742.93,"end":10743.29},{"text":"a","start":10743.29,"end":10743.33},{"text":"relationship.","start":10743.33,"end":10744.13}]},{"text":"This should cover the control exercised through ownership in affiliates or venture or joint ventures.","start":10745.09,"end":10752.85,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. 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The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10788.21,"end":10788.61},{"text":"therefore","start":10788.61,"end":10789.25},{"text":"propose","start":10789.25,"end":10789.81},{"text":"that","start":10789.89,"end":10790.37},{"text":"the","start":10790.53,"end":10790.65},{"text":"term","start":10790.65,"end":10791.25},{"text":"\"business","start":10791.65,"end":10791.97},{"text":"relationships\"","start":10791.97,"end":10792.93},{"text":"should","start":10793.25,"end":10793.65},{"text":"mean","start":10793.65,"end":10794.29},{"text":"any","start":10794.45,"end":10794.65},{"text":"contractual","start":10794.65,"end":10795.33},{"text":"or","start":10795.49,"end":10795.61},{"text":"operational","start":10795.61,"end":10796.85},{"text":"relationship","start":10797.25,"end":10798.53},{"text":"or","start":10798.53,"end":10798.69},{"text":"other","start":10798.69,"end":10798.93},{"text":"relationships","start":10798.93,"end":10799.65},{"text":"that","start":10799.65,"end":10799.89},{"text":"are","start":10799.89,"end":10799.97},{"text":"based","start":10799.97,"end":10800.45},{"text":"on","start":10800.45,"end":10800.85},{"text":"ownership","start":10801.73,"end":10802.25},{"text":"between","start":10802.25,"end":10803.01},{"text":"legal","start":10803.17,"end":10803.65},{"text":"persons","start":10803.65,"end":10804.37},{"text":"who","start":10804.77,"end":10805.17},{"text":"exercise","start":10805.17,"end":10806.05},{"text":"a","start":10806.05,"end":10806.09},{"text":"specific","start":10806.09,"end":10807.09},{"text":"business","start":10808.37,"end":10809.09},{"text":"activities.","start":10809.33,"end":10810.69}]},{"text":"Investment that does not grant any control or direct or considerable impact in the relevant activities and the exercise of the state of its rights being the owner of such e-business should not form per se a business relationship in addition to incorporating a text on not affiliating the enterprise obligations or its responsibilities to persons for being part of such business.","start":10817.87,"end":10854.85,"topics":[{"key":"value-chains","label":"Value Chains and Business Relationships","description":"Speakers examined how far the treaty should extend across subsidiaries, affiliates, suppliers, subcontractors, joint ventures, and other business relationships throughout value and supply chains. The issue was closely linked to preventing corporations from escaping responsibility through fragmented or outsourced structures."},{"key":"financial-actors","label":"Financial Institutions and Investment Actors","description":"There was repeated discussion about whether financing, investing, insuring, banks, pension funds, investment funds, and similar actors should be expressly covered. Supporters argued this would close accountability gaps in corporate financing chains, while others warned it could make the definitions too 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up our exchange on Article 1.6.","start":10869.49,"end":10873.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":10869.49,"end":10869.81},{"text":"wraps","start":10869.81,"end":10870.21},{"text":"up","start":10870.21,"end":10870.61},{"text":"our","start":10870.61,"end":10870.85},{"text":"exchange","start":10870.85,"end":10871.49},{"text":"on","start":10871.49,"end":10871.57},{"text":"Article","start":10871.57,"end":10872.01},{"text":"1.6.","start":10872.05,"end":10873.49}]},{"text":"We'll now move to proposal 15 on the definition of regional integration organization and Article 1.7. which raises an issue of location rather than 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provision defines these organizations as those made-up, those conformed by sovereign states in a particular region to which member states have transferred competencies in the matters governed by the instrument, and it stipulates that references to states parties shall apply to them within the limits of that 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move that definition.","start":10932.05,"end":10939.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":10932.05,"end":10932.53},{"text":"in","start":10933.01,"end":10933.41},{"text":"the","start":10933.49,"end":10933.77},{"text":"intersessional","start":10934.77,"end":10935.41},{"text":"thematic","start":10935.41,"end":10935.77},{"text":"consultations,","start":10935.77,"end":10936.45},{"text":"there","start":10936.45,"end":10936.57},{"text":"was","start":10936.57,"end":10936.69},{"text":"support","start":10936.69,"end":10937.29},{"text":"to","start":10937.29,"end":10937.41},{"text":"move","start":10937.41,"end":10938.01},{"text":"that","start":10938.01,"end":10938.25},{"text":"definition.","start":10938.25,"end":10939.09}]},{"text":"At the same time, looking at Article 19, some delegations had questions on this and they suggested that the point on their right to vote should be addressed in Article 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chairperson rapporteur would therefore suggest deleting Article 1.7 of this article on definitions and relocate its content, move its content with minor adjustments to article 19 on signature ratification acceptance approval and accession or to an independent article after the provision on consent to be 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substantive content would remain in the new placement and states could also consider whether or not it's relevant to refer to the right to vote of these organizations in the Conference of States Parties.","start":11001.85,"end":11017.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":11001.85,"end":11002.21},{"text":"substantive","start":11002.21,"end":11003.05},{"text":"content","start":11003.05,"end":11003.73},{"text":"would","start":11003.73,"end":11003.93},{"text":"remain","start":11003.93,"end":11004.65},{"text":"in","start":11004.65,"end":11004.89},{"text":"the","start":11004.89,"end":11005.01},{"text":"new","start":11005.01,"end":11005.21},{"text":"placement","start":11005.21,"end":11006.05},{"text":"and","start":11006.05,"end":11006.25},{"text":"states","start":11006.25,"end":11007.05},{"text":"could","start":11007.69,"end":11007.93},{"text":"also","start":11007.93,"end":11008.65},{"text":"consider","start":11008.65,"end":11009.25},{"text":"whether","start":11009.25,"end":11009.53},{"text":"or","start":11009.53,"end":11009.61},{"text":"not","start":11009.61,"end":11009.73},{"text":"it's","start":11009.73,"end":11010.01},{"text":"relevant","start":11010.01,"end":11010.77},{"text":"to","start":11010.77,"end":11010.85},{"text":"refer","start":11010.85,"end":11011.61},{"text":"to","start":11011.61,"end":11011.81},{"text":"the","start":11011.81,"end":11011.97},{"text":"right","start":11011.97,"end":11012.21},{"text":"to","start":11012.21,"end":11012.29},{"text":"vote","start":11012.29,"end":11012.57},{"text":"of","start":11012.57,"end":11012.65},{"text":"these","start":11012.65,"end":11012.89},{"text":"organizations","start":11012.89,"end":11014.01},{"text":"in","start":11014.65,"end":11015.13},{"text":"the","start":11015.13,"end":11015.29},{"text":"Conference","start":11015.29,"end":11015.97},{"text":"of","start":11015.97,"end":11016.09},{"text":"States","start":11016.09,"end":11016.49},{"text":"Parties.","start":11016.49,"end":11017.21}]},{"text":"With this brief introduction then, let me open the floor first of all to States who wish to make comments on proposal 15 on article 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Arabia, you have the floor.","start":11056.81,"end":11059.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Saudi","start":11056.81,"end":11057.53},{"text":"Arabia,","start":11058.01,"end":11058.61},{"text":"you","start":11058.61,"end":11058.69},{"text":"have","start":11058.69,"end":11058.81},{"text":"the","start":11058.81,"end":11058.89},{"text":"floor.","start":11058.89,"end":11059.21}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":143,"start":11063.21,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=3:04:24","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":11063.21,"end":11064.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11063.21,"end":11063.45},{"text":"you,","start":11063.45,"end":11063.53},{"text":"Mr.","start":11063.53,"end":11063.77},{"text":"Chair.","start":11063.77,"end":11064.09}]},{"text":"Allow me to comment on the proposals on 1.7, 1.8, 1.10 being closely related.","start":11065.61,"end":11075.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":11065.61,"end":11065.81},{"text":"me","start":11065.81,"end":11066.01},{"text":"to","start":11066.01,"end":11066.17},{"text":"comment","start":11066.25,"end":11066.89},{"text":"on","start":11067.93,"end":11068.49},{"text":"the","start":11068.49,"end":11068.69},{"text":"proposals","start":11068.81,"end":11069.77},{"text":"on","start":11070.25,"end":11070.73},{"text":"1.7,","start":11070.73,"end":11071.53},{"text":"1.8,","start":11071.61,"end":11072.05},{"text":"1.10","start":11072.05,"end":11072.97},{"text":"being","start":11073.61,"end":11074.09},{"text":"closely","start":11074.09,"end":11074.65},{"text":"related.","start":11074.65,"end":11075.29}]},{"text":"The Kingdom, Mr. President, the Kingdom welcomes the proposals by the chair rapporteur to relocate 1.7 and remove paragraph 1.10 and mainstream 1.8 in line with confining them to the clearly necessary definition.","start":11076.01,"end":11100.29,"topics":[{"key":"due-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"The meeting also addressed how human rights due diligence should be defined and whether its detailed elements should remain in the definitions article or be moved to the prevention article. Speakers emphasized that due diligence should be risk-based, cover value chains, and not operate as a shield against liability where harm still occurs."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11076.01,"end":11076.13},{"text":"Kingdom,","start":11076.17,"end":11076.81},{"text":"Mr.","start":11077.05,"end":11077.33},{"text":"President,","start":11077.33,"end":11077.77},{"text":"the","start":11077.77,"end":11077.89},{"text":"Kingdom","start":11077.89,"end":11078.33},{"text":"welcomes","start":11078.33,"end":11078.89},{"text":"the","start":11078.89,"end":11079.05},{"text":"proposals","start":11079.05,"end":11079.77},{"text":"by","start":11079.77,"end":11080.01},{"text":"the","start":11080.01,"end":11080.21},{"text":"chair","start":11080.25,"end":11080.53},{"text":"rapporteur","start":11080.53,"end":11081.05},{"text":"to","start":11081.13,"end":11081.33},{"text":"relocate","start":11081.33,"end":11081.93},{"text":"1.7","start":11081.93,"end":11083.45},{"text":"and","start":11083.77,"end":11083.97},{"text":"remove","start":11083.97,"end":11084.49},{"text":"paragraph","start":11085.21,"end":11085.73},{"text":"1.10","start":11085.73,"end":11086.65},{"text":"and","start":11087.45,"end":11087.85},{"text":"mainstream","start":11087.85,"end":11088.65},{"text":"1.8","start":11088.65,"end":11089.61},{"text":"in","start":11090.01,"end":11090.17},{"text":"line","start":11090.17,"end":11090.73},{"text":"with","start":11091.85,"end":11092.21},{"text":"confining","start":11092.21,"end":11092.97},{"text":"them","start":11094.97,"end":11095.37},{"text":"to","start":11095.45,"end":11096.01},{"text":"the","start":11096.01,"end":11096.21},{"text":"clearly","start":11097.93,"end":11098.49},{"text":"necessary","start":11098.49,"end":11099.45},{"text":"definition.","start":11099.77,"end":11100.29}]},{"text":"When it comes to due diligence, The Kingdom reaffirms that this should be based on the risks and should take into consideration the national context and needs, and should be confined to taking appropriate and reasonable measures within the confines of control or influence that can be reasonably exercised.","start":11100.29,"end":11126.33,"topics":[{"key":"due-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"The meeting also addressed how human rights due diligence should be defined and whether its detailed elements should remain in the definitions article or be moved to the prevention article. 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Cuba.","start":11191.13,"end":11192.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11191.13,"end":11191.21},{"text":"give","start":11191.21,"end":11191.37},{"text":"the","start":11191.37,"end":11191.45},{"text":"floor","start":11191.45,"end":11191.69},{"text":"to","start":11191.69,"end":11191.81},{"text":"Cuba.","start":11191.81,"end":11192.41}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":145,"start":11198.32,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=3:06:39","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Chair.","start":11198.32,"end":11200,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11198.32,"end":11198.52},{"text":"you","start":11198.52,"end":11198.6},{"text":"very","start":11198.6,"end":11198.76},{"text":"much,","start":11198.76,"end":11199.28},{"text":"Chair.","start":11199.52,"end":11200}]},{"text":"Cuba supports the proposal of the Chair to move the discussion of the definition of the term regional integration organization to Article 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like to still raise our debts about letting regional integration organizations to be part of this legally binding instrument and therefore have a right to 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not sure that these organizations can apply the provisions of this treaty and how we can define their obligations vis-a-vis member 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with this introduction, I will open the floor first to states that wish to make comments with their suggestions related to proposal 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Article 1.8.","start":11647.77,"end":11649.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"on","start":11647.77,"end":11648.09},{"text":"Article","start":11648.41,"end":11648.81},{"text":"1.8.","start":11648.81,"end":11649.69}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"The European Union, you have the floor.","start":11662.72,"end":11665.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11662.72,"end":11662.96},{"text":"European","start":11663.04,"end":11664.08},{"text":"Union,","start":11664.48,"end":11665.36},{"text":"you","start":11665.36,"end":11665.44},{"text":"have","start":11665.44,"end":11665.56},{"text":"the","start":11665.56,"end":11665.68},{"text":"floor.","start":11665.68,"end":11665.92}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":153,"start":11667.76,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=3:14:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank 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The State of Palestine, you have the floor.","start":11818.69,"end":11823.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11818.69,"end":11818.85},{"text":"thank","start":11818.85,"end":11819.17},{"text":"Iceland.","start":11819.17,"end":11819.73},{"text":"The","start":11821.09,"end":11821.21},{"text":"State","start":11821.21,"end":11821.49},{"text":"of","start":11821.49,"end":11821.57},{"text":"Palestine,","start":11821.57,"end":11822.29},{"text":"you","start":11822.37,"end":11822.49},{"text":"have","start":11822.49,"end":11822.61},{"text":"the","start":11822.61,"end":11822.69},{"text":"floor.","start":11822.69,"end":11823.01}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair-Rapporteur","affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":157,"start":11825.81,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1n/k1nttffsux?t=3:17:06","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":11825.81,"end":11826.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11825.81,"end":11826.01},{"text":"you,","start":11826.01,"end":11826.09},{"text":"Mr.","start":11826.09,"end":11826.37},{"text":"Chair.","start":11826.37,"end":11826.69}]},{"text":"We can accept moving the operative content of 1.8 to Article 6.","start":11827.09,"end":11831.89,"topics":[{"key":"due-diligence","label":"Human Rights Due Diligence","description":"The meeting also addressed how human rights due diligence should be defined and whether its detailed elements should remain in the definitions article or be moved to the prevention article. 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I'd like to thank all of you for your participation this morning.","start":11966.05,"end":11970.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":11966.05,"end":11966.13},{"text":"I'd","start":11966.17,"end":11966.37},{"text":"like","start":11966.37,"end":11966.61},{"text":"to","start":11966.61,"end":11966.69},{"text":"thank","start":11966.69,"end":11967.17},{"text":"all","start":11967.49,"end":11967.73},{"text":"of","start":11967.73,"end":11967.89},{"text":"you","start":11967.89,"end":11968.05},{"text":"for","start":11968.05,"end":11968.37},{"text":"your","start":11968.37,"end":11968.61},{"text":"participation","start":11968.69,"end":11969.41},{"text":"this","start":11969.41,"end":11969.57},{"text":"morning.","start":11969.57,"end":11970.05}]},{"text":"The meeting is adjourned and we will see each other once again at 3:00 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