{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1s/k1sa86m4dn","kaltura_id":"1_sa86m4dn","title":"Natural resources governance: the foundation of peace, security and prosperity - Security Council, Open Debate","clean_title":"Natural resources governance: the foundation of peace, security and prosperity - Security Council, Open Debate","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn","date":"2026-07-22T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-07-22T14:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"03:02:55","category":"Security Council","body":"Security Council","event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn"},"metadata":{"summary":"Open debate of the Security Council under the agenda item \"Maintenance of international peace and security\".","description":"Natural resource governance lies today at the heart of the challenges of peace, security and prosperity. The central question is whether minerals intensify conflicts or, conversely, can become instruments for ending them when they are effectively governed.\nObjectives of the debate\nTo recognize the link between natural resource governance, conflict prevention and sustainable peace, and to affirm the relevance of a more coherent and universal approach.\nMapping the volume and types of conflict-affected natural resources.\nFormulating conclusions and recommendations on the prevention and management of natural resource-related conflicts.\nTo move beyond the fragmented and largely national responses currently in place by laying the foundations for a common framework of resource governance and traceability as instruments for conflict prevention and resolution.\nTo mobilize the United Nations system, regional organizations and relevant partners around a shared vision in which natural resources and ecological capital become drivers of peace and shared prosperity.\nThe meeting will be presided over by the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","categories":["Meetings & Events","Security Council","Thematic Debate"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["PEACE AND SECURITY","NATURAL RESOURCES","GOVERNANCE"],"corporate_name":["SECURITY COUNCIL"],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"Concept note (S/2026/552)","url":"https://docs.un.org/en/S/2026/552?direct=true"},{"title":"UN News Live Coverage","url":"https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/07/1167995"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"scheduled-4eb3084c-b037-464b-b3ac-2d42a490c0cd","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":4.866,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=5","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The 10,200th meeting of the Security Council is called to order.","start":4.866,"end":10.562,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4.866,"end":5.029},{"text":"10,200th","start":5.029,"end":7.112},{"text":"meeting","start":7.291,"end":7.682},{"text":"of","start":8.023,"end":8.17},{"text":"the","start":8.202,"end":8.3},{"text":"Security","start":8.3,"end":8.902},{"text":"Council","start":8.935,"end":9.439},{"text":"is","start":9.57,"end":9.635},{"text":"called","start":9.732,"end":9.993},{"text":"to","start":9.993,"end":10.09},{"text":"order.","start":10.155,"end":10.562}]},{"text":"The provisional agenda for this meeting is Maintenance of International Peace and 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Prosperity.","start":22.575,"end":27.968,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":22.575,"end":23.059},{"text":"Resources","start":23.059,"end":23.592},{"text":"Governance:","start":23.689,"end":24.222},{"text":"The","start":24.416,"end":24.497},{"text":"Foundation","start":24.497,"end":25.127},{"text":"of","start":25.32,"end":25.45},{"text":"Peace,","start":25.547,"end":25.967},{"text":"Security,","start":26.5,"end":26.826},{"text":"and","start":27.005,"end":27.152},{"text":"Prosperity.","start":27.185,"end":27.968}]},{"text":"The agenda is adopted.","start":30.775,"end":31.966,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":30.775,"end":30.922},{"text":"agenda","start":30.922,"end":31.314},{"text":"is","start":31.33,"end":31.428},{"text":"adopted.","start":31.428,"end":31.966}]},{"text":"I would like to warmly welcome the Secretary-General, the distinguished ministers, and other high-level representatives present in the Security Council chamber.","start":35.241,"end":44.602,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":35.241,"end":35.29},{"text":"would","start":35.499,"end":35.725},{"text":"like","start":35.725,"end":35.918},{"text":"to","start":35.982,"end":36.127},{"text":"warmly","start":36.369,"end":36.755},{"text":"welcome","start":36.852,"end":37.238},{"text":"the","start":37.351,"end":37.432},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":37.432,"end":38.527},{"text":"the","start":39.042,"end":39.3},{"text":"distinguished","start":39.525,"end":40.073},{"text":"ministers,","start":40.073,"end":40.621},{"text":"and","start":40.717,"end":40.83},{"text":"other","start":40.959,"end":41.136},{"text":"high-level","start":41.136,"end":41.667},{"text":"representatives","start":41.7,"end":42.585},{"text":"present","start":42.65,"end":43.069},{"text":"in","start":43.069,"end":43.133},{"text":"the","start":43.133,"end":43.165},{"text":"Security","start":43.165,"end":43.634},{"text":"Council","start":43.634,"end":44.11},{"text":"chamber.","start":44.127,"end":44.602}]},{"text":"Your presence today underscores the importance of the subject matter under discussion.","start":45.095,"end":49.851,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":45.095,"end":45.275},{"text":"presence","start":45.275,"end":45.685},{"text":"today","start":45.685,"end":46.096},{"text":"underscores","start":46.096,"end":46.719},{"text":"the","start":46.752,"end":46.9},{"text":"importance","start":46.9,"end":47.868},{"text":"of","start":47.709,"end":47.859},{"text":"the","start":48.141,"end":48.324},{"text":"subject","start":48.324,"end":48.872},{"text":"matter","start":48.872,"end":49.187},{"text":"under","start":49.204,"end":49.386},{"text":"discussion.","start":49.386,"end":49.851}]},{"text":"Before each of you is a list of speakers who have requested to participate in accordance with Rules 37 and 39 of the Council's Provisional Rules of Procedure, as well as previous practice of the Council in this regard.","start":52.51,"end":66.294,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Before","start":52.51,"end":52.799},{"text":"each","start":52.863,"end":52.992},{"text":"of","start":53.104,"end":53.233},{"text":"you","start":53.265,"end":53.458},{"text":"is","start":53.49,"end":53.554},{"text":"a","start":53.651,"end":53.812},{"text":"list","start":53.812,"end":54.085},{"text":"of","start":54.085,"end":54.165},{"text":"speakers","start":54.213,"end":54.84},{"text":"who","start":54.937,"end":55.146},{"text":"have","start":55.178,"end":55.419},{"text":"requested","start":55.419,"end":55.966},{"text":"to","start":55.998,"end":56.239},{"text":"participate","start":56.239,"end":57.123},{"text":"in","start":57.123,"end":57.219},{"text":"accordance","start":57.219,"end":57.846},{"text":"with","start":57.846,"end":57.991},{"text":"Rules","start":58.087,"end":58.296},{"text":"37","start":58.393,"end":59.1},{"text":"and","start":59.534,"end":59.598},{"text":"39","start":59.695,"end":60.467},{"text":"of","start":60.724,"end":60.868},{"text":"the","start":60.917,"end":61.093},{"text":"Council's","start":61.11,"end":61.466},{"text":"Provisional","start":61.466,"end":62.017},{"text":"Rules","start":62.017,"end":62.244},{"text":"of","start":62.292,"end":62.373},{"text":"Procedure,","start":62.422,"end":63.086},{"text":"as","start":63.637,"end":63.702},{"text":"well","start":63.815,"end":63.929},{"text":"as","start":64.123,"end":64.188},{"text":"previous","start":64.22,"end":64.625},{"text":"practice","start":64.625,"end":64.966},{"text":"of","start":64.966,"end":65.03},{"text":"the","start":65.03,"end":65.111},{"text":"Council","start":65.111,"end":65.435},{"text":"in","start":65.435,"end":65.565},{"text":"this","start":65.581,"end":65.646},{"text":"regard.","start":65.759,"end":66.294}]},{"text":"We propose that they be invited to participate in this meeting.","start":66.408,"end":69.016,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":66.408,"end":66.553},{"text":"propose","start":66.553,"end":66.942},{"text":"that","start":66.975,"end":67.056},{"text":"they","start":67.056,"end":67.218},{"text":"be","start":67.218,"end":67.38},{"text":"invited","start":67.38,"end":67.785},{"text":"to","start":67.785,"end":67.866},{"text":"participate","start":67.866,"end":68.433},{"text":"in","start":68.433,"end":68.53},{"text":"this","start":68.53,"end":68.676},{"text":"meeting.","start":68.676,"end":69.016}]},{"text":"There being no objection, It is so decided.","start":72.339,"end":75.133,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":72.339,"end":72.52},{"text":"being","start":72.52,"end":72.734},{"text":"no","start":72.767,"end":72.915},{"text":"objection,","start":72.932,"end":73.557},{"text":"It","start":74.316,"end":74.416},{"text":"is","start":74.416,"end":74.45},{"text":"so","start":74.45,"end":74.666},{"text":"decided.","start":74.666,"end":75.133}]},{"text":"The Security Council will now begin its consideration of item 2 of the agenda.","start":78.54,"end":83.444,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":78.54,"end":78.604},{"text":"Security","start":78.604,"end":78.978},{"text":"Council","start":78.978,"end":79.611},{"text":"will","start":79.628,"end":79.757},{"text":"now","start":79.806,"end":79.969},{"text":"begin","start":80.05,"end":80.391},{"text":"its","start":80.456,"end":80.618},{"text":"consideration","start":80.618,"end":81.462},{"text":"of","start":81.641,"end":81.787},{"text":"item","start":81.885,"end":82.177},{"text":"2","start":82.372,"end":82.648},{"text":"of","start":82.713,"end":82.859},{"text":"the","start":82.859,"end":82.956},{"text":"agenda.","start":82.956,"end":83.444}]},{"text":"I wish to draw the attention of Council members to document S/2026/552, a letter dated 1 July 2026 from the Permanent Representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the United Nations, addressed to the Secretary-General, transmitted submitting a concept paper on the item under consideration.","start":85.116,"end":108.437,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":85.116,"end":85.132},{"text":"wish","start":85.197,"end":85.326},{"text":"to","start":85.456,"end":85.585},{"text":"draw","start":85.601,"end":85.828},{"text":"the","start":85.844,"end":85.941},{"text":"attention","start":85.941,"end":86.346},{"text":"of","start":86.346,"end":86.427},{"text":"Council","start":86.427,"end":86.848},{"text":"members","start":86.848,"end":87.285},{"text":"to","start":87.463,"end":87.689},{"text":"document","start":88.709,"end":89.357},{"text":"S/2026/552,","start":89.357,"end":91.105},{"text":"a","start":96.44,"end":96.456},{"text":"letter","start":96.472,"end":96.794},{"text":"dated","start":96.794,"end":97.246},{"text":"1","start":97.343,"end":97.569},{"text":"July","start":97.601,"end":97.988},{"text":"2026","start":97.988,"end":99.117},{"text":"from","start":99.117,"end":99.263},{"text":"the","start":99.295,"end":99.376},{"text":"Permanent","start":99.376,"end":99.682},{"text":"Representative","start":99.682,"end":100.101},{"text":"of","start":100.101,"end":100.134},{"text":"the","start":100.134,"end":100.198},{"text":"Democratic","start":100.198,"end":100.666},{"text":"Republic","start":100.666,"end":101.134},{"text":"of","start":101.134,"end":101.231},{"text":"the","start":101.231,"end":101.376},{"text":"Congo","start":101.376,"end":101.876},{"text":"to","start":101.876,"end":101.973},{"text":"the","start":101.973,"end":102.102},{"text":"United","start":102.102,"end":102.263},{"text":"Nations,","start":102.263,"end":102.408},{"text":"addressed","start":102.441,"end":102.634},{"text":"to","start":102.634,"end":102.683},{"text":"the","start":102.683,"end":102.715},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":102.715,"end":103.166},{"text":"transmitted","start":103.521,"end":105.635},{"text":"submitting","start":105.7,"end":105.865},{"text":"a","start":106.048,"end":106.147},{"text":"concept","start":106.147,"end":106.711},{"text":"paper","start":106.728,"end":107.126},{"text":"on","start":107.143,"end":107.242},{"text":"the","start":107.292,"end":107.358},{"text":"item","start":107.375,"end":107.69},{"text":"under","start":107.723,"end":107.889},{"text":"consideration.","start":107.889,"end":108.437}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the Secretary-General, His Excellency Mr. Antonio Guterres.","start":110.6,"end":115.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":110.6,"end":110.616},{"text":"now","start":110.616,"end":110.746},{"text":"give","start":110.795,"end":110.974},{"text":"the","start":110.974,"end":111.088},{"text":"floor","start":111.104,"end":111.462},{"text":"to","start":111.674,"end":111.902},{"text":"the","start":111.918,"end":111.967},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":112,"end":112.863},{"text":"His","start":112.977,"end":113.042},{"text":"Excellency","start":113.156,"end":113.774},{"text":"Mr.","start":114.035,"end":114.312},{"text":"Antonio","start":114.377,"end":114.784},{"text":"Guterres.","start":114.784,"end":115.24}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":117.196,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=118","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellency, Madam Teres Kayekwamba Wagner, and I apologize for the difficulties with the pronunciation.","start":117.196,"end":131.824,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellency,","start":117.196,"end":117.826},{"text":"Madam","start":118.73,"end":119.02},{"text":"Teres","start":119.489,"end":119.924},{"text":"Kayekwamba","start":120.118,"end":124.654},{"text":"Wagner,","start":124.654,"end":125.235},{"text":"and","start":125.687,"end":125.978},{"text":"I","start":126.075,"end":126.156},{"text":"apologize","start":126.156,"end":126.868},{"text":"for","start":127.046,"end":129.945},{"text":"the","start":129.961,"end":130.091},{"text":"difficulties","start":130.528,"end":130.933},{"text":"with","start":130.933,"end":130.998},{"text":"the","start":131.03,"end":131.111},{"text":"pronunciation.","start":131.111,"end":131.824}]},{"text":"Your Excellency, Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Democratic Republic of the 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the world, the control and exploitation of natural resources are dramatically altering the causes, dynamics, and outcomes of conflicts.","start":149.88,"end":160.471,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":161.617,"end":162.2},{"text":"minerals","start":162.2,"end":162.734},{"text":"such","start":162.767,"end":163.091},{"text":"as","start":163.091,"end":163.22},{"text":"lithium,","start":163.333,"end":163.916},{"text":"cobalt,","start":163.981,"end":164.564},{"text":"nickel,","start":164.71,"end":165.066},{"text":"and","start":165.665,"end":165.973},{"text":"rare","start":166.232,"end":166.588},{"text":"earth","start":166.717,"end":166.944},{"text":"elements","start":167.219,"end":167.786},{"text":"are","start":168.903,"end":169.114},{"text":"gaining","start":169.308,"end":169.68},{"text":"in","start":169.81,"end":169.94},{"text":"strategic","start":169.94,"end":170.55},{"text":"importance.","start":170.72,"end":171.483}]},{"text":"Surging demand from global markets is creating vital opportunities to advance development in producing countries, but it is also driving intense geopolitical competition, putting pressure on concentrated supply chains and fueling conflict, with dire humanitarian consequences.","start":174.931,"end":193.847,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Instead,","start":718.447,"end":719.057},{"text":"they","start":719.571,"end":719.715},{"text":"must","start":719.715,"end":719.924},{"text":"be","start":719.956,"end":720.069},{"text":"managed","start":720.069,"end":720.454},{"text":"in","start":720.454,"end":720.502},{"text":"ways","start":720.599,"end":720.791},{"text":"that","start":720.791,"end":721},{"text":"help","start":721,"end":721.161},{"text":"finance","start":721.161,"end":721.643},{"text":"inclusive","start":721.643,"end":722.205},{"text":"and","start":722.205,"end":722.301},{"text":"sustainable","start":722.301,"end":722.751},{"text":"development,","start":722.783,"end":723.506},{"text":"strengthen","start":723.843,"end":724.389},{"text":"institutions","start":724.389,"end":725.08},{"text":"and","start":725.658,"end":725.738},{"text":"advance","start":725.77,"end":726.107},{"text":"peace","start":726.236,"end":726.493},{"text":"and","start":726.718,"end":726.782},{"text":"prosperity","start":726.878,"end":727.489},{"text":"for","start":727.746,"end":728.019},{"text":"all.","start":728.067,"end":728.115}]},{"text":"Ultimately, this is a political choice.","start":729.191,"end":731.504,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ultimately,","start":729.191,"end":729.737},{"text":"this","start":730.315,"end":730.412},{"text":"is","start":730.412,"end":730.46},{"text":"a","start":730.588,"end":730.604},{"text":"political","start":730.653,"end":731.183},{"text":"choice.","start":731.199,"end":731.504}]},{"text":"And I urge you, as members of this Council, to choose peace and prosperity.","start":732.419,"end":735.294,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":732.419,"end":732.483},{"text":"I","start":732.564,"end":732.612},{"text":"urge","start":732.66,"end":732.869},{"text":"you,","start":732.917,"end":733.03},{"text":"as","start":733.062,"end":733.19},{"text":"members","start":733.222,"end":733.543},{"text":"of","start":733.543,"end":733.608},{"text":"this","start":733.608,"end":733.784},{"text":"Council,","start":733.784,"end":734.073},{"text":"to","start":734.138,"end":734.202},{"text":"choose","start":734.459,"end":734.555},{"text":"peace","start":734.587,"end":734.668},{"text":"and","start":734.668,"end":734.748},{"text":"prosperity.","start":734.748,"end":735.294}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":735.39,"end":735.487,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":735.39,"end":735.455},{"text":"you.","start":735.455,"end":735.487}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Antonio Guterres","affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"SG"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":735.713,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=736","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"And I thank you.","start":735.713,"end":736.374,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":735.713,"end":735.779},{"text":"I","start":735.861,"end":735.878},{"text":"thank","start":735.878,"end":736.209},{"text":"you.","start":736.209,"end":736.374}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the Secretary General for his briefing.","start":739.745,"end":742,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":739.745,"end":739.842},{"text":"thank","start":739.842,"end":740.102},{"text":"the","start":740.15,"end":740.231},{"text":"Secretary","start":740.231,"end":740.718},{"text":"General","start":740.718,"end":741.156},{"text":"for","start":741.156,"end":741.416},{"text":"his","start":741.464,"end":741.594},{"text":"briefing.","start":741.707,"end":742}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to Ms. Ngozi Nkondwo-Iweala.","start":744.2,"end":747.964,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":744.2,"end":744.216},{"text":"now","start":744.216,"end":744.314},{"text":"give","start":744.395,"end":744.623},{"text":"the","start":744.623,"end":744.688},{"text":"floor","start":744.705,"end":745.063},{"text":"to","start":745.389,"end":745.666},{"text":"Ms.","start":745.846,"end":746.09},{"text":"Ngozi","start":746.188,"end":746.726},{"text":"Nkondwo-Iweala.","start":747.084,"end":747.964}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":753.016,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=754","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam President. Your Excellency, Madam Thérèse Kayikonda, President of the Security Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Thank you, General.","start":753.016,"end":763.292,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":753.016,"end":753.259},{"text":"you,","start":753.259,"end":753.323},{"text":"Madam","start":753.34,"end":753.631},{"text":"President.","start":753.647,"end":754.148},{"text":"Your","start":755.184,"end":755.297},{"text":"Excellency,","start":755.346,"end":755.912},{"text":"Madam","start":755.928,"end":756.219},{"text":"Thérèse","start":756.316,"end":756.705},{"text":"Kayikonda,","start":757.87,"end":758.436},{"text":"President","start":758.501,"end":758.921},{"text":"of","start":758.921,"end":759.002},{"text":"the","start":759.002,"end":759.083},{"text":"Security","start":759.083,"end":759.552},{"text":"Council","start":759.552,"end":760.005},{"text":"and","start":760.04,"end":760.269},{"text":"Minister","start":760.4,"end":760.874},{"text":"of","start":760.94,"end":761.038},{"text":"Foreign","start":761.038,"end":761.3},{"text":"Affairs","start":761.3,"end":761.545},{"text":"of","start":761.545,"end":761.578},{"text":"the","start":761.61,"end":761.692},{"text":"Thank","start":761.69,"end":761.978},{"text":"you,","start":761.978,"end":762.811},{"text":"General.","start":762.827,"end":763.292}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, my sincere thanks to DRC and President Tshisekedi for his invitation to come and brief the Security Council and for convening this important high-level debate, and to other Security Council members who have brought this topic to the UN's attention in the past.","start":764.029,"end":783.772,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":764.029,"end":764.654},{"text":"ladies","start":764.83,"end":765.167},{"text":"and","start":765.167,"end":765.279},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":765.327,"end":765.856},{"text":"my","start":767.09,"end":767.266},{"text":"sincere","start":767.33,"end":767.811},{"text":"thanks","start":767.811,"end":768.164},{"text":"to","start":768.212,"end":768.42},{"text":"DRC","start":768.692,"end":769.333},{"text":"and","start":769.333,"end":769.494},{"text":"President","start":769.494,"end":769.926},{"text":"Tshisekedi","start":769.958,"end":770.535},{"text":"for","start":770.535,"end":770.615},{"text":"his","start":770.615,"end":770.824},{"text":"invitation","start":770.92,"end":771.529},{"text":"to","start":772.298,"end":772.426},{"text":"come","start":772.699,"end":772.827},{"text":"and","start":772.923,"end":773.099},{"text":"brief","start":773.099,"end":773.291},{"text":"the","start":773.436,"end":773.516},{"text":"Security","start":773.516,"end":774.189},{"text":"Council","start":774.365,"end":774.766},{"text":"and","start":775.503,"end":775.567},{"text":"for","start":775.663,"end":775.823},{"text":"convening","start":775.823,"end":776.352},{"text":"this","start":776.448,"end":776.689},{"text":"important","start":776.689,"end":777.25},{"text":"high-level","start":777.25,"end":777.73},{"text":"debate,","start":777.81,"end":778.227},{"text":"and","start":778.291,"end":778.355},{"text":"to","start":778.387,"end":778.532},{"text":"other","start":778.612,"end":778.788},{"text":"Security","start":778.788,"end":779.477},{"text":"Council","start":779.509,"end":779.878},{"text":"members","start":779.878,"end":780.278},{"text":"who","start":780.775,"end":780.919},{"text":"have","start":780.935,"end":781.031},{"text":"brought","start":781.031,"end":781.336},{"text":"this","start":781.336,"end":781.448},{"text":"topic","start":781.512,"end":781.913},{"text":"to","start":781.913,"end":782.041},{"text":"the","start":782.057,"end":782.217},{"text":"UN's","start":782.217,"end":782.554},{"text":"attention","start":782.554,"end":783.083},{"text":"in","start":783.115,"end":783.195},{"text":"the","start":783.195,"end":783.339},{"text":"past.","start":783.339,"end":783.772}]},{"text":"I also want to thank the Secretary-General for his leadership, on the critical minerals issue and for his insightful briefing.","start":783.932,"end":791.31,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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geographies to harness new wealth, to accelerate industrial development, and to lift the living standards of millions.","start":868.135,"end":884.304,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Surging","start":868.135,"end":868.569},{"text":"global","start":868.665,"end":868.986},{"text":"demand","start":869.066,"end":869.404},{"text":"for","start":869.404,"end":869.564},{"text":"critical","start":869.644,"end":870.046},{"text":"minerals","start":870.046,"end":870.576},{"text":"should","start":871.089,"end":871.25},{"text":"represent","start":871.314,"end":871.973},{"text":"a","start":871.973,"end":872.117},{"text":"once-in-a-generation","start":872.117,"end":873.386},{"text":"chance","start":873.482,"end":873.915},{"text":"for","start":873.964,"end":874.14},{"text":"Africa","start":874.14,"end":874.718},{"text":"and","start":875.104,"end":875.168},{"text":"other","start":875.248,"end":875.425},{"text":"resource-rich","start":875.425,"end":876.228},{"text":"developing","start":876.228,"end":876.757},{"text":"geographies","start":876.87,"end":877.48},{"text":"to","start":877.978,"end":878.074},{"text":"harness","start":878.138,"end":878.572},{"text":"new","start":878.636,"end":878.732},{"text":"wealth,","start":878.861,"end":879.166},{"text":"to","start":879.599,"end":879.648},{"text":"accelerate","start":879.664,"end":880.402},{"text":"industrial","start":880.402,"end":880.964},{"text":"development,","start":880.964,"end":881.767},{"text":"and","start":882.152,"end":882.313},{"text":"to","start":882.313,"end":882.458},{"text":"lift","start":882.474,"end":882.714},{"text":"the","start":882.714,"end":882.795},{"text":"living","start":882.795,"end":883.1},{"text":"standards","start":883.116,"end":883.662},{"text":"of","start":883.758,"end":883.822},{"text":"millions.","start":883.919,"end":884.304}]},{"text":"These opportunities should become the foundation for peace and prosperity, not conflict and poverty.","start":885.203,"end":891.08,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":885.203,"end":885.428},{"text":"opportunities","start":885.524,"end":886.247},{"text":"should","start":886.247,"end":886.456},{"text":"become","start":886.584,"end":886.985},{"text":"the","start":886.985,"end":887.066},{"text":"foundation","start":887.066,"end":887.788},{"text":"for","start":887.788,"end":888.013},{"text":"peace","start":888.029,"end":888.334},{"text":"and","start":888.334,"end":888.495},{"text":"prosperity,","start":888.495,"end":889.233},{"text":"not","start":889.651,"end":889.94},{"text":"conflict","start":889.94,"end":890.502},{"text":"and","start":890.502,"end":890.662},{"text":"poverty.","start":890.662,"end":891.08}]},{"text":"But history also demonstrates how a resource blessing can all too easily become a resource curse, weakening government accountability, encouraging corruption, triggering violence, sustaining conflict, and deepening insecurity and poverty.","start":892.043,"end":906.9,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":907.687,"end":907.703},{"text":"variety","start":907.703,"end":908.265},{"text":"of","start":908.265,"end":908.394},{"text":"initiatives","start":908.426,"end":909.036},{"text":"put","start":909.213,"end":909.39},{"text":"in","start":909.39,"end":909.518},{"text":"place","start":909.55,"end":909.904},{"text":"by","start":909.936,"end":909.984},{"text":"the","start":910.096,"end":910.257},{"text":"UN,","start":910.257,"end":910.546},{"text":"by","start":910.675,"end":910.787},{"text":"civil","start":910.835,"end":911.156},{"text":"society,","start":911.156,"end":911.927},{"text":"by","start":912.281,"end":912.425},{"text":"affected","start":912.425,"end":912.987},{"text":"countries","start":912.987,"end":913.373},{"text":"and","start":913.469,"end":913.566},{"text":"the","start":913.566,"end":913.646},{"text":"international","start":913.646,"end":914.288},{"text":"community","start":914.288,"end":914.867},{"text":"have","start":914.931,"end":915.107},{"text":"helped,","start":915.156,"end":915.573},{"text":"including","start":915.959,"end":916.424},{"text":"the","start":916.457,"end":916.617},{"text":"Kimberley","start":916.617,"end":917.067},{"text":"Process","start":917.083,"end":917.645},{"text":"and","start":917.645,"end":917.742},{"text":"the","start":917.742,"end":917.79},{"text":"Extractive","start":917.806,"end":918.464},{"text":"Industries","start":918.464,"end":918.994},{"text":"Transparency","start":919.026,"end":919.733},{"text":"Initiative.","start":919.733,"end":920.279}]},{"text":"But they've not been sufficient to make natural resources a force for peace.","start":920.793,"end":925.395,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":920.793,"end":920.953},{"text":"they've","start":920.953,"end":921.161},{"text":"not","start":921.177,"end":921.306},{"text":"been","start":921.434,"end":921.514},{"text":"sufficient","start":921.578,"end":922.236},{"text":"to","start":922.236,"end":922.332},{"text":"make","start":922.332,"end":922.845},{"text":"natural","start":923.198,"end":923.599},{"text":"resources","start":923.599,"end":924.208},{"text":"a","start":924.465,"end":924.545},{"text":"force","start":924.545,"end":924.898},{"text":"for","start":925.042,"end":925.283},{"text":"peace.","start":925.283,"end":925.395}]},{"text":"And now geopolitics threatens to globalize what used to be mainly domestic problems with security implications for the wider international community.","start":926.726,"end":935.066,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":926.726,"end":926.79},{"text":"now","start":926.887,"end":926.999},{"text":"geopolitics","start":927.127,"end":927.929},{"text":"threatens","start":927.929,"end":928.346},{"text":"to","start":928.41,"end":928.506},{"text":"globalize","start":928.571,"end":929.18},{"text":"what","start":929.212,"end":929.453},{"text":"used","start":929.453,"end":929.677},{"text":"to","start":929.677,"end":929.757},{"text":"be","start":929.757,"end":929.854},{"text":"mainly","start":929.854,"end":930.222},{"text":"domestic","start":930.238,"end":930.752},{"text":"problems","start":930.8,"end":931.185},{"text":"with","start":931.698,"end":931.858},{"text":"security","start":931.858,"end":932.387},{"text":"implications","start":932.403,"end":933.189},{"text":"for","start":933.221,"end":933.318},{"text":"the","start":933.318,"end":933.526},{"text":"wider","start":933.526,"end":933.767},{"text":"international","start":933.783,"end":934.488},{"text":"community.","start":934.488,"end":935.066}]},{"text":"Critical minerals are increasingly viewed as strategic assets, not just commodities, and a major source of interstate competition.","start":935.627,"end":943.453,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":935.627,"end":936.124},{"text":"minerals","start":936.124,"end":936.669},{"text":"are","start":936.669,"end":936.814},{"text":"increasingly","start":936.814,"end":937.471},{"text":"viewed","start":937.471,"end":937.856},{"text":"as","start":937.856,"end":937.92},{"text":"strategic","start":937.952,"end":938.594},{"text":"assets,","start":938.594,"end":939.155},{"text":"not","start":939.412,"end":939.572},{"text":"just","start":939.636,"end":939.877},{"text":"commodities,","start":939.877,"end":940.566},{"text":"and","start":941.144,"end":941.304},{"text":"a","start":941.304,"end":941.336},{"text":"major","start":941.336,"end":941.657},{"text":"source","start":941.657,"end":942.106},{"text":"of","start":942.106,"end":942.17},{"text":"interstate","start":942.218,"end":942.828},{"text":"competition.","start":942.844,"end":943.453}]},{"text":"As major economies race to secure exclusive resource supply arrangements and deploy market access as leverage, There is a real risk that conflicts will rise, that resource capture will take priority over broader economic, developmental, and environmental goals, and that developing economies will find themselves locked even more into the lowest-value segments of production whilst the highest-value jobs, technologies, and profits go elsewhere.","start":944.351,"end":969.416,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":944.351,"end":944.415},{"text":"major","start":944.528,"end":944.784},{"text":"economies","start":944.864,"end":945.378},{"text":"race","start":945.474,"end":945.714},{"text":"to","start":945.714,"end":945.762},{"text":"secure","start":945.811,"end":946.195},{"text":"exclusive","start":946.195,"end":946.917},{"text":"resource","start":946.917,"end":947.254},{"text":"supply","start":947.254,"end":947.655},{"text":"arrangements","start":947.671,"end":948.361},{"text":"and","start":948.361,"end":948.457},{"text":"deploy","start":948.457,"end":948.777},{"text":"market","start":948.794,"end":949.323},{"text":"access","start":949.323,"end":949.627},{"text":"as","start":949.804,"end":949.868},{"text":"leverage,","start":949.98,"end":950.445},{"text":"There","start":950.783,"end":950.927},{"text":"is","start":950.927,"end":950.991},{"text":"a","start":951.088,"end":951.168},{"text":"real","start":951.184,"end":951.313},{"text":"risk","start":951.489,"end":951.746},{"text":"that","start":951.746,"end":951.971},{"text":"conflicts","start":951.971,"end":952.421},{"text":"will","start":952.469,"end":952.614},{"text":"rise,","start":952.614,"end":952.919},{"text":"that","start":953.433,"end":953.594},{"text":"resource","start":953.594,"end":954.06},{"text":"capture","start":954.06,"end":954.397},{"text":"will","start":954.461,"end":954.606},{"text":"take","start":954.638,"end":954.798},{"text":"priority","start":954.863,"end":955.361},{"text":"over","start":955.361,"end":955.65},{"text":"broader","start":955.666,"end":955.923},{"text":"economic,","start":956.1,"end":956.646},{"text":"developmental,","start":956.726,"end":957.529},{"text":"and","start":957.593,"end":957.69},{"text":"environmental","start":957.69,"end":958.541},{"text":"goals,","start":958.573,"end":958.862},{"text":"and","start":959.521,"end":959.617},{"text":"that","start":959.617,"end":959.778},{"text":"developing","start":959.778,"end":960.308},{"text":"economies","start":960.324,"end":960.87},{"text":"will","start":960.951,"end":961.047},{"text":"find","start":961.047,"end":961.304},{"text":"themselves","start":961.304,"end":961.754},{"text":"locked","start":961.931,"end":962.316},{"text":"even","start":962.589,"end":962.878},{"text":"more","start":962.91,"end":962.991},{"text":"into","start":962.991,"end":963.232},{"text":"the","start":963.296,"end":963.392},{"text":"lowest-value","start":963.457,"end":964.051},{"text":"segments","start":964.051,"end":964.549},{"text":"of","start":964.661,"end":964.71},{"text":"production","start":964.742,"end":965.288},{"text":"whilst","start":965.866,"end":966.043},{"text":"the","start":966.043,"end":966.203},{"text":"highest-value","start":966.203,"end":966.991},{"text":"jobs,","start":966.991,"end":967.296},{"text":"technologies,","start":967.328,"end":968.019},{"text":"and","start":968.131,"end":968.26},{"text":"profits","start":968.292,"end":968.709},{"text":"go","start":968.774,"end":968.918},{"text":"elsewhere.","start":969.079,"end":969.416}]},{"text":"My message today is simple: mineral wealth is not inherently a blessing or a curse.","start":970.3,"end":975.408,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1511.564,"end":1511.708},{"text":"DRC-Zambia-Angola","start":1511.708,"end":1513.587},{"text":"Lobito","start":1513.715,"end":1514.197},{"text":"Corridor","start":1514.197,"end":1514.679},{"text":"Project,","start":1514.679,"end":1515.176},{"text":"in","start":1515.578,"end":1515.722},{"text":"partnership","start":1515.738,"end":1516.381},{"text":"with","start":1516.381,"end":1516.541},{"text":"the","start":1516.541,"end":1516.766},{"text":"EU,","start":1516.846,"end":1517.151},{"text":"the","start":1517.183,"end":1517.408},{"text":"USA,","start":1517.408,"end":1519.03},{"text":"Italy,","start":1519.174,"end":1519.48},{"text":"African","start":1519.993,"end":1520.443},{"text":"Development","start":1520.475,"end":1521.085},{"text":"Bank,","start":1521.117,"end":1521.358},{"text":"the","start":1521.454,"end":1521.551},{"text":"World","start":1521.599,"end":1521.84},{"text":"Bank","start":1521.84,"end":1522.081},{"text":"Group,","start":1522.081,"end":1522.402},{"text":"and","start":1522.867,"end":1522.964},{"text":"the","start":1522.964,"end":1523.044},{"text":"European","start":1523.044,"end":1523.494},{"text":"Investment","start":1523.59,"end":1524.12},{"text":"Bank,","start":1524.168,"end":1524.457},{"text":"as","start":1524.473,"end":1524.586},{"text":"well","start":1524.634,"end":1524.746},{"text":"as","start":1524.794,"end":1524.939},{"text":"the","start":1524.955,"end":1525.035},{"text":"African","start":1525.115,"end":1525.517},{"text":"Finance","start":1525.517,"end":1526.015},{"text":"Corporation,","start":1526.015,"end":1526.657},{"text":"shows","start":1527.042,"end":1527.347},{"text":"progress.","start":1527.46,"end":1527.909}]},{"text":"The corridor must become the prime example for sub-regional value-added minerals processing and manufacturing, not extraction.","start":1528.744,"end":1536.323,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1528.744,"end":1528.969},{"text":"corridor","start":1528.969,"end":1529.402},{"text":"must","start":1529.402,"end":1529.708},{"text":"become","start":1529.708,"end":1529.981},{"text":"the","start":1530.045,"end":1530.125},{"text":"prime","start":1530.189,"end":1530.398},{"text":"example","start":1530.494,"end":1531.056},{"text":"for","start":1531.153,"end":1531.394},{"text":"sub-regional","start":1531.394,"end":1532.18},{"text":"value-added","start":1532.18,"end":1532.887},{"text":"minerals","start":1532.983,"end":1533.368},{"text":"processing","start":1533.481,"end":1534.011},{"text":"and","start":1534.508,"end":1534.557},{"text":"manufacturing,","start":1534.557,"end":1535.376},{"text":"not","start":1535.408,"end":1535.649},{"text":"extraction.","start":1535.649,"end":1536.323}]},{"text":"and shipping of minerals.","start":1536.676,"end":1537.782,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":1536.676,"end":1536.756},{"text":"shipping","start":1536.756,"end":1537.141},{"text":"of","start":1537.173,"end":1537.301},{"text":"minerals.","start":1537.333,"end":1537.782}]},{"text":"Morocco's EV batteries value chain and other efforts underway in Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria to create critical minerals from renewable energy value chains shows promise.","start":1538.439,"end":1549.436,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Morocco's","start":1538.439,"end":1539.08},{"text":"EV","start":1539.08,"end":1539.225},{"text":"batteries","start":1539.417,"end":1539.786},{"text":"value","start":1539.882,"end":1540.267},{"text":"chain","start":1540.283,"end":1540.507},{"text":"and","start":1540.619,"end":1540.78},{"text":"other","start":1540.78,"end":1541.068},{"text":"efforts","start":1541.084,"end":1541.485},{"text":"underway","start":1541.485,"end":1541.838},{"text":"in","start":1541.838,"end":1541.902},{"text":"Mauritania,","start":1541.902,"end":1542.623},{"text":"Namibia,","start":1542.639,"end":1543.2},{"text":"Nigeria","start":1543.345,"end":1544.002},{"text":"to","start":1544.323,"end":1544.435},{"text":"create","start":1544.467,"end":1544.836},{"text":"critical","start":1544.868,"end":1545.236},{"text":"minerals","start":1545.268,"end":1546.118},{"text":"from","start":1546.15,"end":1546.375},{"text":"renewable","start":1546.375,"end":1546.92},{"text":"energy","start":1547.096,"end":1547.433},{"text":"value","start":1547.433,"end":1547.881},{"text":"chains","start":1547.898,"end":1548.202},{"text":"shows","start":1548.539,"end":1548.843},{"text":"promise.","start":1548.94,"end":1549.436}]},{"text":"Building out value chains takes time, but to build peace, we have no time to lose, so present efforts must be accelerated.","start":1549.982,"end":1558.462,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1668.734,"end":1668.814},{"text":"biggest","start":1668.879,"end":1669.28},{"text":"choices","start":1669.28,"end":1669.665},{"text":"are","start":1669.762,"end":1669.858},{"text":"for","start":1669.858,"end":1670.019},{"text":"resource-rich","start":1670.019,"end":1670.725},{"text":"countries","start":1670.741,"end":1671.159},{"text":"themselves.","start":1671.223,"end":1671.753}]},{"text":"Agency, like charity, begins at home.","start":1672.267,"end":1674.531,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Agency,","start":1672.267,"end":1672.796},{"text":"like","start":1672.812,"end":1673.069},{"text":"charity,","start":1673.069,"end":1673.535},{"text":"begins","start":1673.712,"end":1674.113},{"text":"at","start":1674.113,"end":1674.338},{"text":"home.","start":1674.338,"end":1674.531}]},{"text":"Today's geopolitical competition presents a challenge, but also an enormous opportunity.","start":1675.141,"end":1680.552,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Today's","start":1675.141,"end":1675.542},{"text":"geopolitical","start":1675.542,"end":1676.249},{"text":"competition","start":1676.265,"end":1676.923},{"text":"presents","start":1676.923,"end":1677.469},{"text":"a","start":1677.469,"end":1677.629},{"text":"challenge,","start":1677.629,"end":1678.095},{"text":"but","start":1678.448,"end":1678.561},{"text":"also","start":1678.673,"end":1678.93},{"text":"an","start":1679.155,"end":1679.203},{"text":"enormous","start":1679.267,"end":1679.749},{"text":"opportunity.","start":1679.877,"end":1680.552}]},{"text":"As the DRC presidency has rightly framed it, this is our chance to replace the vicious circle of the resource curse with the virtuous circle of the resource blessing.","start":1681.242,"end":1691.903,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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hope we can seize it.","start":1692.321,"end":1693.461,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1692.321,"end":1692.337},{"text":"hope","start":1692.417,"end":1692.658},{"text":"we","start":1692.658,"end":1692.738},{"text":"can","start":1692.802,"end":1692.931},{"text":"seize","start":1692.979,"end":1693.268},{"text":"it.","start":1693.3,"end":1693.461}]},{"text":"Thank you for your attention.","start":1693.862,"end":1697.715,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1693.862,"end":1694.167},{"text":"you","start":1694.167,"end":1694.231},{"text":"for","start":1694.247,"end":1694.424},{"text":"your","start":1694.424,"end":1696.671},{"text":"attention.","start":1696.671,"end":1697.715}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala","affiliation":"WTO","affiliation_full":"WTO","group":null,"function":"Director-General"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":1698.196,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=1699","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Ms. Okonjo-Iweala for her 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of the United Nations, Director-General of the World Trade Organization, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, members of the Security Council, it is with great pride and a profound sense of responsibility that the Democratic Republic of the Congo assumes during this month of July the presidency of the United Nations Security 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preside over this Council means to take on, for a time, a share of our world's collective responsibility.","start":1753.26,"end":1760.527,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1753.26,"end":1753.516},{"text":"preside","start":1753.901,"end":1754.302},{"text":"over","start":1754.302,"end":1754.479},{"text":"this","start":1754.479,"end":1754.591},{"text":"Council","start":1754.687,"end":1755.281},{"text":"means","start":1755.281,"end":1755.634},{"text":"to","start":1755.666,"end":1756.083},{"text":"take","start":1756.372,"end":1756.613},{"text":"on,","start":1756.693,"end":1756.998},{"text":"for","start":1757.03,"end":1757.302},{"text":"a","start":1757.591,"end":1757.623},{"text":"time,","start":1757.735,"end":1758.088},{"text":"a","start":1758.217,"end":1758.233},{"text":"share","start":1758.233,"end":1758.489},{"text":"of","start":1758.538,"end":1758.586},{"text":"our","start":1758.634,"end":1758.826},{"text":"world's","start":1758.858,"end":1759.179},{"text":"collective","start":1759.179,"end":1759.596},{"text":"responsibility.","start":1759.596,"end":1760.527}]},{"text":"It means recalling that this body is called on not only to respond to crises when they erupt, but also to identify the factors that foreshadow them in order to better prevent them.","start":1761.104,"end":1771.163,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1761.104,"end":1761.136},{"text":"means","start":1761.184,"end":1761.329},{"text":"recalling","start":1761.361,"end":1761.714},{"text":"that","start":1761.762,"end":1761.858},{"text":"this","start":1761.906,"end":1762.067},{"text":"body","start":1762.083,"end":1762.339},{"text":"is","start":1762.339,"end":1762.452},{"text":"called","start":1762.548,"end":1763.013},{"text":"on","start":1763.591,"end":1763.655},{"text":"not","start":1763.928,"end":1764.104},{"text":"only","start":1764.104,"end":1764.297},{"text":"to","start":1764.409,"end":1764.553},{"text":"respond","start":1764.553,"end":1764.874},{"text":"to","start":1764.874,"end":1764.906},{"text":"crises","start":1764.954,"end":1765.339},{"text":"when","start":1765.436,"end":1765.5},{"text":"they","start":1765.532,"end":1765.692},{"text":"erupt,","start":1765.692,"end":1766.045},{"text":"but","start":1766.157,"end":1766.318},{"text":"also","start":1766.398,"end":1766.687},{"text":"to","start":1766.815,"end":1766.944},{"text":"identify","start":1767.04,"end":1767.617},{"text":"the","start":1767.617,"end":1767.73},{"text":"factors","start":1767.762,"end":1768.227},{"text":"that","start":1768.5,"end":1768.692},{"text":"foreshadow","start":1768.74,"end":1769.382},{"text":"them","start":1769.446,"end":1769.767},{"text":"in","start":1769.783,"end":1769.831},{"text":"order","start":1769.927,"end":1770.168},{"text":"to","start":1770.168,"end":1770.28},{"text":"better","start":1770.28,"end":1770.505},{"text":"prevent","start":1770.505,"end":1770.89},{"text":"them.","start":1770.89,"end":1771.163}]},{"text":"Over the decades, the Security Council has demonstrated its ability to adapt its action to the threats of each era.","start":1772.109,"end":1778.681,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":1772.109,"end":1772.237},{"text":"the","start":1772.269,"end":1772.35},{"text":"decades,","start":1772.35,"end":1772.831},{"text":"the","start":1772.911,"end":1773.072},{"text":"Security","start":1773.072,"end":1773.521},{"text":"Council","start":1773.537,"end":1774.13},{"text":"has","start":1774.275,"end":1774.483},{"text":"demonstrated","start":1774.579,"end":1775.157},{"text":"its","start":1775.157,"end":1775.301},{"text":"ability","start":1775.301,"end":1775.718},{"text":"to","start":1775.718,"end":1775.847},{"text":"adapt","start":1775.879,"end":1776.44},{"text":"its","start":1776.986,"end":1777.099},{"text":"action","start":1777.148,"end":1777.454},{"text":"to","start":1777.487,"end":1777.583},{"text":"the","start":1777.583,"end":1777.68},{"text":"threats","start":1777.713,"end":1777.987},{"text":"of","start":1777.987,"end":1778.116},{"text":"each","start":1778.116,"end":1778.229},{"text":"era.","start":1778.229,"end":1778.681}]},{"text":"Today, one reality is asserting itself with growing clarity: the governance of natural resources has become a major issue for international peace and security.","start":1779.407,"end":1788.085,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":1806.448,"end":1806.85},{"text":"minerals,","start":1806.85,"end":1807.299},{"text":"water,","start":1807.395,"end":1807.781},{"text":"forests,","start":1807.893,"end":1808.648},{"text":"energy","start":1809.643,"end":1809.964},{"text":"resources,","start":1809.964,"end":1810.67},{"text":"arable","start":1811.265,"end":1811.65},{"text":"lands,","start":1811.65,"end":1812.035},{"text":"and","start":1812.613,"end":1812.709},{"text":"biodiversity","start":1812.709,"end":1813.641},{"text":"now","start":1814.219,"end":1814.347},{"text":"lie","start":1814.395,"end":1814.572},{"text":"at","start":1814.572,"end":1814.7},{"text":"the","start":1814.7,"end":1814.797},{"text":"heart","start":1814.797,"end":1815.053},{"text":"of","start":1815.053,"end":1815.134},{"text":"the","start":1815.182,"end":1815.262},{"text":"energy","start":1815.278,"end":1815.567},{"text":"transition,","start":1815.583,"end":1816.29},{"text":"the","start":1816.868,"end":1816.916},{"text":"digital","start":1816.964,"end":1817.365},{"text":"revolution,","start":1817.365,"end":1817.975},{"text":"food","start":1818.634,"end":1818.874},{"text":"security,","start":1818.874,"end":1819.372},{"text":"and","start":1820.48,"end":1820.544},{"text":"economic","start":1820.576,"end":1820.994},{"text":"development.","start":1820.994,"end":1821.588}]},{"text":"Never have natural resources mattered so much for the future of humanity.","start":1822.808,"end":1826.677,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Never","start":1822.808,"end":1823.225},{"text":"have","start":1823.225,"end":1823.402},{"text":"natural","start":1823.402,"end":1824.012},{"text":"resources","start":1824.012,"end":1824.526},{"text":"mattered","start":1824.574,"end":1824.959},{"text":"so","start":1824.975,"end":1825.248},{"text":"much","start":1825.248,"end":1825.489},{"text":"for","start":1825.553,"end":1825.698},{"text":"the","start":1825.698,"end":1825.794},{"text":"future","start":1825.794,"end":1826.099},{"text":"of","start":1826.115,"end":1826.211},{"text":"humanity.","start":1826.259,"end":1826.677}]},{"text":"Yet in many regions of the world, They continue to fuel conflict, finance armed groups, sustain criminal economies, weaken states, and deprive populations of the legitimate benefits of their own wealth.","start":1827.881,"end":1843.093,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":1827.881,"end":1828.138},{"text":"in","start":1829.406,"end":1829.551},{"text":"many","start":1829.551,"end":1829.856},{"text":"regions","start":1829.872,"end":1830.257},{"text":"of","start":1830.273,"end":1830.321},{"text":"the","start":1830.369,"end":1830.498},{"text":"world,","start":1830.53,"end":1830.931},{"text":"They","start":1831.108,"end":1831.204},{"text":"continue","start":1831.413,"end":1831.958},{"text":"to","start":1831.958,"end":1832.07},{"text":"fuel","start":1832.119,"end":1832.327},{"text":"conflict,","start":1832.375,"end":1833.097},{"text":"finance","start":1833.883,"end":1834.285},{"text":"armed","start":1834.285,"end":1834.429},{"text":"groups,","start":1834.461,"end":1834.974},{"text":"sustain","start":1836.242,"end":1837.156},{"text":"criminal","start":1837.333,"end":1837.766},{"text":"economies,","start":1837.766,"end":1838.36},{"text":"weaken","start":1838.392,"end":1838.632},{"text":"states,","start":1838.632,"end":1839.034},{"text":"and","start":1839.114,"end":1839.178},{"text":"deprive","start":1839.194,"end":1839.563},{"text":"populations","start":1839.595,"end":1840.365},{"text":"of","start":1840.622,"end":1840.67},{"text":"the","start":1840.718,"end":1840.991},{"text":"legitimate","start":1841.055,"end":1841.665},{"text":"benefits","start":1841.681,"end":1842.242},{"text":"of","start":1842.306,"end":1842.371},{"text":"their","start":1842.403,"end":1842.515},{"text":"own","start":1842.627,"end":1842.772},{"text":"wealth.","start":1842.804,"end":1843.093}]},{"text":"Such is the paradox of our time.","start":1844.344,"end":1846.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":1844.344,"end":1844.537},{"text":"is","start":1844.585,"end":1844.697},{"text":"the","start":1844.713,"end":1844.874},{"text":"paradox","start":1844.874,"end":1845.563},{"text":"of","start":1845.676,"end":1845.724},{"text":"our","start":1845.756,"end":1845.916},{"text":"time.","start":1845.916,"end":1846.35}]},{"text":"Natural resources can be the foundation of shared prosperity or the engine of predation.","start":1846.895,"end":1853.04,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":1846.895,"end":1847.296},{"text":"resources","start":1847.296,"end":1847.826},{"text":"can","start":1847.858,"end":1848.002},{"text":"be","start":1848.018,"end":1848.163},{"text":"the","start":1848.163,"end":1848.259},{"text":"foundation","start":1848.259,"end":1848.868},{"text":"of","start":1849.382,"end":1849.43},{"text":"shared","start":1849.446,"end":1849.831},{"text":"prosperity","start":1849.863,"end":1850.553},{"text":"or","start":1851.532,"end":1851.58},{"text":"the","start":1851.949,"end":1852.173},{"text":"engine","start":1852.19,"end":1852.446},{"text":"of","start":1852.446,"end":1852.559},{"text":"predation.","start":1852.575,"end":1853.04}]},{"text":"Everything depends on how they are governed.","start":1853.714,"end":1856.168,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Everything","start":1853.714,"end":1854.163},{"text":"depends","start":1854.596,"end":1855.045},{"text":"on","start":1855.222,"end":1855.318},{"text":"how","start":1855.318,"end":1855.559},{"text":"they","start":1855.559,"end":1855.703},{"text":"are","start":1855.703,"end":1855.799},{"text":"governed.","start":1855.799,"end":1856.168}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, this question is neither theoretical nor a remote one.","start":1856.936,"end":1864.642,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1856.936,"end":1857.484},{"text":"ladies","start":1857.5,"end":1857.726},{"text":"and","start":1857.758,"end":1857.903},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":1857.903,"end":1858.274},{"text":"for","start":1859.193,"end":1859.322},{"text":"the","start":1859.322,"end":1859.37},{"text":"Democratic","start":1859.37,"end":1859.918},{"text":"Republic","start":1859.918,"end":1860.257},{"text":"of","start":1860.257,"end":1860.338},{"text":"the","start":1860.338,"end":1860.418},{"text":"Congo,","start":1860.418,"end":1860.982},{"text":"this","start":1861.063,"end":1861.289},{"text":"question","start":1861.305,"end":1861.692},{"text":"is","start":1861.692,"end":1861.756},{"text":"neither","start":1861.805,"end":1862.192},{"text":"theoretical","start":1862.192,"end":1863.095},{"text":"nor","start":1863.224,"end":1863.433},{"text":"a","start":1864.11,"end":1864.143},{"text":"remote","start":1864.207,"end":1864.513},{"text":"one.","start":1864.513,"end":1864.642}]},{"text":"It touches on our history, our people, and our future.","start":1864.836,"end":1867.526,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1864.836,"end":1865.094},{"text":"touches","start":1865.094,"end":1865.384},{"text":"on","start":1865.4,"end":1865.448},{"text":"our","start":1865.481,"end":1865.577},{"text":"history,","start":1865.577,"end":1866.029},{"text":"our","start":1866.53,"end":1866.646},{"text":"people,","start":1866.646,"end":1866.912},{"text":"and","start":1866.962,"end":1867.028},{"text":"our","start":1867.045,"end":1867.144},{"text":"future.","start":1867.144,"end":1867.526}]},{"text":"Our country is among the richest of the world in natural resources— its strategic minerals, its hydroelectric potential, its vast arable lands, its exceptional biodiversity, and the Congo Basin, The dismantling of armed groups, the drying up of their financing networks, and putting an end to networks that allow minerals from conflict zones to enter global supply chains.","start":1869.168,"end":1922.603,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":1869.168,"end":1869.265},{"text":"country","start":1869.33,"end":1869.716},{"text":"is","start":1869.749,"end":1869.797},{"text":"among","start":1869.845,"end":1870.119},{"text":"the","start":1870.151,"end":1870.377},{"text":"richest","start":1870.377,"end":1870.86},{"text":"of","start":1870.86,"end":1870.957},{"text":"the","start":1870.957,"end":1871.086},{"text":"world","start":1871.102,"end":1871.36},{"text":"in","start":1871.36,"end":1871.408},{"text":"natural","start":1871.473,"end":1871.843},{"text":"resources—","start":1871.843,"end":1872.536},{"text":"its","start":1872.826,"end":1872.939},{"text":"strategic","start":1872.971,"end":1873.471},{"text":"minerals,","start":1873.471,"end":1873.987},{"text":"its","start":1875.39,"end":1875.486},{"text":"hydroelectric","start":1875.486,"end":1876.068},{"text":"potential,","start":1876.068,"end":1876.859},{"text":"its","start":1877.279,"end":1877.505},{"text":"vast","start":1877.505,"end":1877.779},{"text":"arable","start":1877.779,"end":1878.151},{"text":"lands,","start":1878.151,"end":1878.586},{"text":"its","start":1879.297,"end":1879.394},{"text":"exceptional","start":1879.394,"end":1879.959},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":1879.959,"end":1880.879},{"text":"and","start":1880.992,"end":1881.057},{"text":"the","start":1881.073,"end":1881.218},{"text":"Congo","start":1881.218,"end":1881.525},{"text":"Basin,","start":1881.557,"end":1881.977},{"text":"The","start":1911.314,"end":1911.394},{"text":"dismantling","start":1911.394,"end":1911.926},{"text":"of","start":1911.942,"end":1912.038},{"text":"armed","start":1912.038,"end":1912.167},{"text":"groups,","start":1912.199,"end":1912.683},{"text":"the","start":1913.407,"end":1913.552},{"text":"drying","start":1913.552,"end":1913.858},{"text":"up","start":1913.89,"end":1914.035},{"text":"of","start":1914.035,"end":1914.18},{"text":"their","start":1914.229,"end":1914.454},{"text":"financing","start":1914.454,"end":1915.211},{"text":"networks,","start":1915.259,"end":1915.935},{"text":"and","start":1916.692,"end":1916.789},{"text":"putting","start":1916.789,"end":1917.063},{"text":"an","start":1917.111,"end":1917.192},{"text":"end","start":1917.192,"end":1917.353},{"text":"to","start":1917.353,"end":1917.498},{"text":"networks","start":1917.514,"end":1918.077},{"text":"that","start":1918.077,"end":1918.303},{"text":"allow","start":1918.383,"end":1918.512},{"text":"minerals","start":1918.56,"end":1919.011},{"text":"from","start":1919.043,"end":1919.269},{"text":"conflict","start":1919.269,"end":1919.704},{"text":"zones","start":1919.704,"end":1920.138},{"text":"to","start":1920.744,"end":1920.892},{"text":"enter","start":1920.908,"end":1921.27},{"text":"global","start":1921.303,"end":1921.6},{"text":"supply","start":1921.6,"end":1922.143},{"text":"chains.","start":1922.143,"end":1922.603}]},{"text":"When strategic resources finance war rather than development, it is no longer merely a national challenge.","start":1925.152,"end":1932.204,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":1925.152,"end":1925.264},{"text":"strategic","start":1925.297,"end":1925.876},{"text":"resources","start":1925.876,"end":1926.456},{"text":"finance","start":1926.52,"end":1926.939},{"text":"war","start":1926.987,"end":1927.261},{"text":"rather","start":1927.325,"end":1927.551},{"text":"than","start":1927.567,"end":1927.679},{"text":"development,","start":1927.728,"end":1928.501},{"text":"it","start":1929.676,"end":1929.805},{"text":"is","start":1929.805,"end":1929.869},{"text":"no","start":1929.901,"end":1930.078},{"text":"longer","start":1930.127,"end":1930.513},{"text":"merely","start":1930.722,"end":1931.044},{"text":"a","start":1931.044,"end":1931.093},{"text":"national","start":1931.093,"end":1931.672},{"text":"challenge.","start":1931.672,"end":1932.204}]},{"text":"It is a threat to international peace and security.","start":1932.413,"end":1935.408,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1932.413,"end":1932.542},{"text":"is","start":1932.542,"end":1932.606},{"text":"a","start":1932.719,"end":1932.88},{"text":"threat","start":1932.88,"end":1933.379},{"text":"to","start":1933.524,"end":1933.781},{"text":"international","start":1933.926,"end":1934.554},{"text":"peace","start":1934.57,"end":1934.814},{"text":"and","start":1934.814,"end":1934.884},{"text":"security.","start":1934.884,"end":1935.408}]},{"text":"There can be no truly just energy transition if it is built on injustice toward producing peoples.","start":1937.709,"end":1944.67,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":1937.709,"end":1937.773},{"text":"can","start":1937.869,"end":1938.045},{"text":"be","start":1938.045,"end":1938.302},{"text":"no","start":1938.302,"end":1938.607},{"text":"truly","start":1939.248,"end":1939.698},{"text":"just","start":1939.794,"end":1940.275},{"text":"energy","start":1940.291,"end":1940.612},{"text":"transition","start":1940.612,"end":1941.302},{"text":"if","start":1941.831,"end":1941.959},{"text":"it","start":1941.959,"end":1942.056},{"text":"is","start":1942.056,"end":1942.104},{"text":"built","start":1942.216,"end":1942.521},{"text":"on","start":1942.521,"end":1942.617},{"text":"injustice","start":1942.617,"end":1943.146},{"text":"toward","start":1943.259,"end":1943.595},{"text":"producing","start":1943.804,"end":1944.189},{"text":"peoples.","start":1944.221,"end":1944.67}]},{"text":"There can be no genuinely secure supply chains without security for the states and communities that produce these resources.","start":1944.782,"end":1953.813,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate 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Republic of the Congo does not come before the Security Council to complain.","start":1954.808,"end":1960.069,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":1954.808,"end":1954.968},{"text":"is","start":1954.968,"end":1955.064},{"text":"why","start":1955.112,"end":1955.273},{"text":"the","start":1955.273,"end":1955.337},{"text":"Democratic","start":1955.369,"end":1955.786},{"text":"Republic","start":1955.786,"end":1956.107},{"text":"of","start":1956.107,"end":1956.235},{"text":"the","start":1956.235,"end":1956.283},{"text":"Congo","start":1956.332,"end":1956.797},{"text":"does","start":1957.438,"end":1957.583},{"text":"not","start":1957.615,"end":1957.92},{"text":"come","start":1957.92,"end":1958.112},{"text":"before","start":1958.16,"end":1958.449},{"text":"the","start":1958.561,"end":1958.657},{"text":"Security","start":1958.657,"end":1959.058},{"text":"Council","start":1959.058,"end":1959.363},{"text":"to","start":1959.363,"end":1959.508},{"text":"complain.","start":1959.524,"end":1960.069}]},{"text":"It comes to share an experience, to convey a conviction, and to propose a path forward.","start":1960.245,"end":1965.253,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1960.245,"end":1960.342},{"text":"comes","start":1960.342,"end":1960.711},{"text":"to","start":1960.823,"end":1960.919},{"text":"share","start":1960.967,"end":1961.144},{"text":"an","start":1961.144,"end":1961.192},{"text":"experience,","start":1961.224,"end":1961.817},{"text":"to","start":1961.866,"end":1962.186},{"text":"convey","start":1962.186,"end":1962.507},{"text":"a","start":1962.523,"end":1962.587},{"text":"conviction,","start":1962.587,"end":1963.117},{"text":"and","start":1963.373,"end":1963.534},{"text":"to","start":1963.534,"end":1963.646},{"text":"propose","start":1963.694,"end":1964.079},{"text":"a","start":1964.422,"end":1964.439},{"text":"path","start":1964.439,"end":1964.738},{"text":"forward.","start":1964.771,"end":1965.253}]},{"text":"For the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is not an exception.","start":1966.88,"end":1970.438,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":1966.88,"end":1966.977},{"text":"the","start":1966.977,"end":1967.057},{"text":"situation","start":1967.057,"end":1967.51},{"text":"in","start":1967.64,"end":1967.721},{"text":"the","start":1967.721,"end":1967.882},{"text":"Democratic","start":1967.882,"end":1968.529},{"text":"Republic","start":1968.529,"end":1969.031},{"text":"of","start":1969.031,"end":1969.079},{"text":"the","start":1969.096,"end":1969.176},{"text":"Congo","start":1969.176,"end":1969.435},{"text":"is","start":1969.435,"end":1969.532},{"text":"not","start":1969.581,"end":1969.807},{"text":"an","start":1969.807,"end":1969.856},{"text":"exception.","start":1969.904,"end":1970.438}]},{"text":"It reveals a global imbalance to which only collective action grounded in equity and responsibility can bring a lasting response.","start":1970.697,"end":1980.335,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1970.697,"end":1970.859},{"text":"reveals","start":1971.344,"end":1971.894},{"text":"a","start":1972.088,"end":1972.104},{"text":"global","start":1972.412,"end":1972.881},{"text":"imbalance","start":1972.881,"end":1973.576},{"text":"to","start":1974.741,"end":1974.886},{"text":"which","start":1974.903,"end":1975.064},{"text":"only","start":1975.145,"end":1975.307},{"text":"collective","start":1975.307,"end":1975.792},{"text":"action","start":1975.792,"end":1976.1},{"text":"grounded","start":1976.1,"end":1976.454},{"text":"in","start":1976.454,"end":1976.502},{"text":"equity","start":1976.679,"end":1976.985},{"text":"and","start":1977.001,"end":1977.082},{"text":"responsibility","start":1977.082,"end":1977.951},{"text":"can","start":1978.773,"end":1978.934},{"text":"bring","start":1978.95,"end":1979.159},{"text":"a","start":1979.192,"end":1979.256},{"text":"lasting","start":1979.256,"end":1979.578},{"text":"response.","start":1979.659,"end":1980.335}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the Charter of the United Nations entrusts us with an essential responsibility: preserving international peace and security.","start":1981.446,"end":1990.055,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1981.446,"end":1982.3},{"text":"ladies","start":1983.282,"end":1983.54},{"text":"and","start":1983.54,"end":1983.62},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":1983.62,"end":1984.023},{"text":"the","start":1984.039,"end":1984.136},{"text":"Charter","start":1984.168,"end":1984.506},{"text":"of","start":1984.506,"end":1984.586},{"text":"the","start":1984.586,"end":1984.651},{"text":"United","start":1984.667,"end":1985.005},{"text":"Nations","start":1985.005,"end":1985.392},{"text":"entrusts","start":1985.392,"end":1985.827},{"text":"us","start":1985.94,"end":1986.102},{"text":"with","start":1986.102,"end":1986.215},{"text":"an","start":1986.215,"end":1986.295},{"text":"essential","start":1986.295,"end":1986.731},{"text":"responsibility:","start":1986.763,"end":1987.618},{"text":"preserving","start":1987.651,"end":1988.264},{"text":"international","start":1988.361,"end":1988.861},{"text":"peace","start":1988.861,"end":1989.28},{"text":"and","start":1989.506,"end":1989.571},{"text":"security.","start":1989.652,"end":1990.055}]},{"text":"This responsibility does not consist solely in responding to crises once they break out.","start":1991.86,"end":1996.475,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1991.86,"end":1991.925},{"text":"responsibility","start":1992.023,"end":1992.789},{"text":"does","start":1992.838,"end":1992.936},{"text":"not","start":1993.001,"end":1993.246},{"text":"consist","start":1993.246,"end":1993.768},{"text":"solely","start":1993.768,"end":1994.127},{"text":"in","start":1994.143,"end":1994.225},{"text":"responding","start":1994.241,"end":1994.698},{"text":"to","start":1994.796,"end":1994.893},{"text":"crises","start":1994.893,"end":1995.432},{"text":"once","start":1995.611,"end":1995.872},{"text":"they","start":1995.872,"end":1995.954},{"text":"break","start":1995.954,"end":1996.263},{"text":"out.","start":1996.263,"end":1996.475}]},{"text":"It also requires that our Council be able to identify their root causes and act before tensions degenerate into conflict.","start":1997.88,"end":2007.099,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1997.88,"end":1997.912},{"text":"also","start":1997.976,"end":1998.154},{"text":"requires","start":1998.17,"end":1998.687},{"text":"that","start":1999.107,"end":1999.188},{"text":"our","start":1999.188,"end":1999.365},{"text":"Council","start":1999.365,"end":1999.898},{"text":"be","start":2000.496,"end":2000.722},{"text":"able","start":2000.803,"end":2001.077},{"text":"to","start":2001.077,"end":2001.287},{"text":"identify","start":2001.287,"end":2001.868},{"text":"their","start":2001.868,"end":2002.111},{"text":"root","start":2002.111,"end":2002.353},{"text":"causes","start":2002.353,"end":2002.886},{"text":"and","start":2003.806,"end":2003.871},{"text":"act","start":2004.032,"end":2004.307},{"text":"before","start":2004.775,"end":2005.114},{"text":"tensions","start":2005.179,"end":2005.599},{"text":"degenerate","start":2005.825,"end":2006.374},{"text":"into","start":2006.374,"end":2006.503},{"text":"conflict.","start":2006.52,"end":2007.099}]},{"text":"Over the years, the Security Council has been able to adapt its approach to emerging threats.","start":2007.775,"end":2013.362,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":2007.775,"end":2007.92},{"text":"the","start":2007.92,"end":2008.049},{"text":"years,","start":2008.065,"end":2008.371},{"text":"the","start":2008.403,"end":2008.484},{"text":"Security","start":2008.484,"end":2008.935},{"text":"Council","start":2008.951,"end":2009.401},{"text":"has","start":2009.53,"end":2009.901},{"text":"been","start":2010.738,"end":2010.866},{"text":"able","start":2010.899,"end":2011.108},{"text":"to","start":2011.14,"end":2011.253},{"text":"adapt","start":2011.285,"end":2011.639},{"text":"its","start":2011.639,"end":2011.8},{"text":"approach","start":2011.8,"end":2012.235},{"text":"to","start":2012.348,"end":2012.573},{"text":"emerging","start":2012.589,"end":2012.927},{"text":"threats.","start":2012.992,"end":2013.362}]},{"text":"It now falls to the Council to recognize with the same clear-sightedness that the poor governance of natural resources constitutes a major factor of instability, conflict, and the weakening of states.","start":2013.636,"end":2025.063,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Everywhere","start":2153.021,"end":2153.41},{"text":"else,","start":2153.41,"end":2153.685},{"text":"mechanisms","start":2154.721,"end":2155.255},{"text":"for","start":2155.368,"end":2155.562},{"text":"certification,","start":2155.627,"end":2156.468},{"text":"traceability,","start":2156.566,"end":2157.278},{"text":"and","start":2157.31,"end":2157.44},{"text":"regional","start":2157.44,"end":2157.86},{"text":"cooperation","start":2157.86,"end":2158.491},{"text":"show","start":2159.009,"end":2159.381},{"text":"that","start":2159.559,"end":2159.866},{"text":"no","start":2160.449,"end":2160.627},{"text":"solution","start":2160.627,"end":2161.08},{"text":"is","start":2161.112,"end":2161.161},{"text":"perfect,","start":2161.274,"end":2161.84},{"text":"but","start":2161.921,"end":2162.342},{"text":"that","start":2162.39,"end":2162.52},{"text":"all","start":2162.714,"end":2162.762},{"text":"of","start":2162.827,"end":2162.908},{"text":"them","start":2162.956,"end":2163.231},{"text":"converge","start":2163.377,"end":2163.959},{"text":"towards","start":2164.267,"end":2164.477},{"text":"the","start":2164.51,"end":2164.59},{"text":"same","start":2164.59,"end":2164.849},{"text":"conviction:","start":2164.898,"end":2165.286},{"text":"well-governed","start":2165.399,"end":2165.966},{"text":"resources","start":2166.03,"end":2166.419},{"text":"can","start":2166.597,"end":2166.888},{"text":"become","start":2167.245,"end":2167.569},{"text":"factors","start":2167.569,"end":2168.072},{"text":"of","start":2168.072,"end":2168.12},{"text":"trust,","start":2168.217,"end":2168.639},{"text":"stability,","start":2168.655,"end":2169.336},{"text":"and","start":2169.935,"end":2170},{"text":"prosperity.","start":2170.016,"end":2170.762}]},{"text":"That lesson is more relevant today than ever.","start":2172.366,"end":2174.295,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2172.366,"end":2172.544},{"text":"lesson","start":2172.593,"end":2172.933},{"text":"is","start":2172.933,"end":2172.982},{"text":"more","start":2173.079,"end":2173.257},{"text":"relevant","start":2173.257,"end":2173.663},{"text":"today","start":2173.663,"end":2173.971},{"text":"than","start":2173.971,"end":2174.052},{"text":"ever.","start":2174.133,"end":2174.295}]},{"text":"The 21st century is the century of critical minerals, water, forests, energy, and biodiversity.","start":2174.823,"end":2182.068,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2174.823,"end":2174.904},{"text":"21st","start":2174.904,"end":2175.469},{"text":"century","start":2175.469,"end":2175.92},{"text":"is","start":2177.227,"end":2177.453},{"text":"the","start":2178.212,"end":2178.276},{"text":"century","start":2178.276,"end":2178.696},{"text":"of","start":2178.696,"end":2178.841},{"text":"critical","start":2178.841,"end":2179.147},{"text":"minerals,","start":2179.147,"end":2179.551},{"text":"water,","start":2179.664,"end":2179.97},{"text":"forests,","start":2179.987,"end":2180.616},{"text":"energy,","start":2180.713,"end":2181.035},{"text":"and","start":2181.116,"end":2181.197},{"text":"biodiversity.","start":2181.197,"end":2182.068}]},{"text":"The question before us is simple: will we have the wisdom to make these resources the foundations of shared prosperity, or will we accept that they continue to fuel the rivalries and conflicts of our time?","start":2183.52,"end":2197.027,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2183.52,"end":2183.569},{"text":"question","start":2183.617,"end":2183.907},{"text":"before","start":2183.94,"end":2184.182},{"text":"us","start":2184.182,"end":2184.294},{"text":"is","start":2184.359,"end":2184.471},{"text":"simple:","start":2184.504,"end":2185.051},{"text":"will","start":2185.775,"end":2185.904},{"text":"we","start":2186.033,"end":2186.178},{"text":"have","start":2186.178,"end":2186.339},{"text":"the","start":2186.339,"end":2186.387},{"text":"wisdom","start":2186.435,"end":2186.774},{"text":"to","start":2186.822,"end":2186.902},{"text":"make","start":2186.902,"end":2187.096},{"text":"these","start":2187.096,"end":2187.289},{"text":"resources","start":2187.305,"end":2187.933},{"text":"the","start":2188.11,"end":2188.158},{"text":"foundations","start":2188.19,"end":2188.786},{"text":"of","start":2188.85,"end":2188.947},{"text":"shared","start":2189.092,"end":2189.381},{"text":"prosperity,","start":2189.414,"end":2189.993},{"text":"or","start":2191.41,"end":2191.458},{"text":"will","start":2192.311,"end":2192.505},{"text":"we","start":2193.116,"end":2193.358},{"text":"accept","start":2193.519,"end":2193.97},{"text":"that","start":2193.97,"end":2194.147},{"text":"they","start":2194.147,"end":2194.212},{"text":"continue","start":2194.245,"end":2194.649},{"text":"to","start":2194.649,"end":2194.795},{"text":"fuel","start":2194.795,"end":2195.021},{"text":"the","start":2195.037,"end":2195.118},{"text":"rivalries","start":2195.134,"end":2195.911},{"text":"and","start":2195.943,"end":2196.024},{"text":"conflicts","start":2196.024,"end":2196.509},{"text":"of","start":2196.509,"end":2196.59},{"text":"our","start":2196.59,"end":2196.736},{"text":"time?","start":2196.736,"end":2197.027}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, In light of this responsibility, the Democratic Republic of the Congo calls for the emergence of a new international doctrine that places the governance of natural resources at the heart of the peace and security agenda.","start":2198.73,"end":2212.073,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2198.73,"end":2199.155},{"text":"ladies","start":2199.342,"end":2199.563},{"text":"and","start":2199.614,"end":2199.767},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":2199.767,"end":2200.056},{"text":"In","start":2200.753,"end":2200.801},{"text":"light","start":2200.833,"end":2200.994},{"text":"of","start":2200.994,"end":2201.074},{"text":"this","start":2201.074,"end":2201.234},{"text":"responsibility,","start":2201.234,"end":2201.877},{"text":"the","start":2201.941,"end":2201.989},{"text":"Democratic","start":2202.037,"end":2202.519},{"text":"Republic","start":2202.519,"end":2202.856},{"text":"of","start":2202.856,"end":2202.969},{"text":"the","start":2202.985,"end":2203.065},{"text":"Congo","start":2203.081,"end":2203.498},{"text":"calls","start":2203.547,"end":2203.932},{"text":"for","start":2204.671,"end":2204.96},{"text":"the","start":2205.473,"end":2205.506},{"text":"emergence","start":2205.506,"end":2205.827},{"text":"of","start":2205.875,"end":2205.923},{"text":"a","start":2205.971,"end":2205.987},{"text":"new","start":2205.987,"end":2206.196},{"text":"international","start":2206.212,"end":2206.774},{"text":"doctrine","start":2206.774,"end":2207.224},{"text":"that","start":2207.497,"end":2207.914},{"text":"places","start":2208.042,"end":2208.428},{"text":"the","start":2208.46,"end":2208.54},{"text":"governance","start":2208.54,"end":2209.006},{"text":"of","start":2209.006,"end":2209.086},{"text":"natural","start":2209.086,"end":2209.375},{"text":"resources","start":2209.423,"end":2209.905},{"text":"at","start":2209.905,"end":2209.985},{"text":"the","start":2209.985,"end":2210.066},{"text":"heart","start":2210.066,"end":2210.242},{"text":"of","start":2210.242,"end":2210.322},{"text":"the","start":2210.322,"end":2210.451},{"text":"peace","start":2210.451,"end":2210.644},{"text":"and","start":2210.708,"end":2210.917},{"text":"security","start":2210.965,"end":2211.398},{"text":"agenda.","start":2211.43,"end":2212.073}]},{"text":"This doctrine rests on a simple conviction: natural resources are not mere commodities.","start":2212.956,"end":2218.142,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2212.956,"end":2213.084},{"text":"doctrine","start":2213.116,"end":2213.566},{"text":"rests","start":2213.662,"end":2214.08},{"text":"on","start":2214.08,"end":2214.16},{"text":"a","start":2214.16,"end":2214.176},{"text":"simple","start":2214.176,"end":2214.481},{"text":"conviction:","start":2214.481,"end":2215.011},{"text":"natural","start":2215.043,"end":2215.509},{"text":"resources","start":2215.509,"end":2216.135},{"text":"are","start":2216.729,"end":2216.777},{"text":"not","start":2216.825,"end":2217.291},{"text":"mere","start":2217.291,"end":2217.403},{"text":"commodities.","start":2217.516,"end":2218.142}]},{"text":"They represent matters of sovereignty, levers of development, and assets of responsibility on which the stability of our states and the future of our societies depend.","start":2219.362,"end":2228.294,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2232.239,"end":2232.352},{"text":"first","start":2232.384,"end":2232.933},{"text":"is","start":2233.11,"end":2233.256},{"text":"effective","start":2233.514,"end":2233.998},{"text":"respect","start":2233.998,"end":2234.498},{"text":"for","start":2234.498,"end":2234.691},{"text":"the","start":2234.74,"end":2234.82},{"text":"permanent","start":2234.901,"end":2235.369},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2235.369,"end":2235.934},{"text":"of","start":2235.934,"end":2236.014},{"text":"states","start":2236.014,"end":2236.401},{"text":"over","start":2236.918,"end":2237.047},{"text":"their","start":2237.079,"end":2237.208},{"text":"natural","start":2237.208,"end":2237.644},{"text":"resources.","start":2237.644,"end":2238.257}]},{"text":"No people should see its wealth exploited for the benefit of armed groups, criminal networks, or interests beyond its control.","start":2238.97,"end":2246.748,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2238.97,"end":2239.147},{"text":"people","start":2239.147,"end":2239.501},{"text":"should","start":2239.501,"end":2239.726},{"text":"see","start":2239.726,"end":2239.984},{"text":"its","start":2239.984,"end":2240.194},{"text":"wealth","start":2240.194,"end":2240.387},{"text":"exploited","start":2240.387,"end":2240.983},{"text":"for","start":2241.015,"end":2241.192},{"text":"the","start":2241.192,"end":2241.289},{"text":"benefit","start":2241.337,"end":2241.885},{"text":"of","start":2241.885,"end":2241.981},{"text":"armed","start":2241.981,"end":2242.207},{"text":"groups,","start":2242.207,"end":2242.658},{"text":"criminal","start":2243.028,"end":2243.334},{"text":"networks,","start":2243.35,"end":2244.027},{"text":"or","start":2244.381,"end":2244.429},{"text":"interests","start":2244.542,"end":2245.073},{"text":"beyond","start":2245.669,"end":2246.008},{"text":"its","start":2246.008,"end":2246.12},{"text":"control.","start":2246.169,"end":2246.748}]},{"text":"The second is transparency in supply chains.","start":2247.215,"end":2249.773,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Producing","start":2250.357,"end":2250.746},{"text":"states,","start":2250.779,"end":2251.298},{"text":"transit","start":2251.428,"end":2251.753},{"text":"countries,","start":2251.753,"end":2252.207},{"text":"Businesses,","start":2253.688,"end":2254.153},{"text":"investors,","start":2254.249,"end":2254.874},{"text":"and","start":2255.291,"end":2255.515},{"text":"consumers","start":2255.547,"end":2256.156},{"text":"all","start":2256.333,"end":2256.477},{"text":"share","start":2256.525,"end":2256.862},{"text":"responsibility","start":2257.054,"end":2257.84},{"text":"for","start":2257.872,"end":2258.096},{"text":"guaranteeing","start":2258.096,"end":2258.721},{"text":"the","start":2258.817,"end":2258.93},{"text":"lawful","start":2258.93,"end":2259.378},{"text":"origin","start":2259.459,"end":2259.763},{"text":"of","start":2259.811,"end":2259.939},{"text":"the","start":2259.939,"end":2260.02},{"text":"resources","start":2260.036,"end":2260.645},{"text":"that","start":2260.821,"end":2260.917},{"text":"power","start":2260.917,"end":2261.27},{"text":"the","start":2261.462,"end":2261.526},{"text":"technologies","start":2261.558,"end":2262.039},{"text":"of","start":2262.055,"end":2262.135},{"text":"the","start":2262.135,"end":2262.264},{"text":"future.","start":2262.264,"end":2262.697}]},{"text":"The third is strengthening the mechanisms for traceability, certification, due diligence, and accountability in order to protect communities, support producing states, and hold all actors in the value chain accountable.","start":2264.107,"end":2279.303,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2377.946,"end":2378.138},{"text":"is","start":2378.923,"end":2379.067},{"text":"a","start":2379.067,"end":2379.131},{"text":"country","start":2379.131,"end":2379.356},{"text":"of","start":2379.356,"end":2379.388},{"text":"solutions","start":2379.388,"end":2379.804},{"text":"for","start":2379.852,"end":2379.948},{"text":"the","start":2379.948,"end":2380.029},{"text":"global","start":2380.029,"end":2380.333},{"text":"energy","start":2380.413,"end":2380.67},{"text":"transition,","start":2380.67,"end":2381.375},{"text":"thanks","start":2381.391,"end":2381.583},{"text":"to","start":2381.631,"end":2381.727},{"text":"its","start":2381.727,"end":2381.871},{"text":"critical","start":2381.871,"end":2382.256},{"text":"minerals,","start":2382.256,"end":2382.721},{"text":"for","start":2382.817,"end":2382.897},{"text":"the","start":2382.929,"end":2383.009},{"text":"fight","start":2383.057,"end":2383.233},{"text":"against","start":2383.233,"end":2383.506},{"text":"climate","start":2383.538,"end":2383.794},{"text":"change,","start":2383.794,"end":2384.195},{"text":"thanks","start":2384.259,"end":2384.435},{"text":"to","start":2384.435,"end":2384.579},{"text":"the","start":2384.579,"end":2384.66},{"text":"Congo","start":2384.66,"end":2384.964},{"text":"Basin,","start":2384.996,"end":2385.365},{"text":"for","start":2386.022,"end":2386.102},{"text":"Africa's","start":2386.182,"end":2386.582},{"text":"water,","start":2386.598,"end":2386.887},{"text":"energy,","start":2386.983,"end":2387.32},{"text":"and","start":2387.384,"end":2387.48},{"text":"food","start":2387.48,"end":2387.768},{"text":"security.","start":2387.784,"end":2388.329}]},{"text":"Thanks to its water resources, hydroelectric potential, and vast arable lands; for the preservation of global biodiversity, thanks to its exceptional natural heritage; and for Africa's industrialization, provided that its resources are processed to a greater extent locally to the benefit of value creation, employment, and skills development.","start":2389.21,"end":2410.804,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Thanks","start":2389.21,"end":2389.469},{"text":"to","start":2389.469,"end":2389.631},{"text":"its","start":2389.631,"end":2389.793},{"text":"water","start":2389.857,"end":2390.116},{"text":"resources,","start":2390.116,"end":2390.731},{"text":"hydroelectric","start":2390.828,"end":2391.718},{"text":"potential,","start":2391.718,"end":2392.398},{"text":"and","start":2393.191,"end":2393.255},{"text":"vast","start":2393.271,"end":2393.546},{"text":"arable","start":2393.579,"end":2393.87},{"text":"lands;","start":2393.902,"end":2394.21},{"text":"for","start":2395.035,"end":2395.132},{"text":"the","start":2395.132,"end":2395.278},{"text":"preservation","start":2395.278,"end":2395.925},{"text":"of","start":2395.925,"end":2395.99},{"text":"global","start":2396.022,"end":2396.346},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":2396.346,"end":2397.203},{"text":"thanks","start":2397.3,"end":2397.64},{"text":"to","start":2397.64,"end":2397.786},{"text":"its","start":2397.786,"end":2398.236},{"text":"exceptional","start":2398.3,"end":2399.007},{"text":"natural","start":2399.007,"end":2399.377},{"text":"heritage;","start":2399.473,"end":2399.939},{"text":"and","start":2400.614,"end":2400.679},{"text":"for","start":2400.695,"end":2400.823},{"text":"Africa's","start":2400.92,"end":2401.354},{"text":"industrialization,","start":2401.402,"end":2402.431},{"text":"provided","start":2402.543,"end":2403.057},{"text":"that","start":2403.17,"end":2403.282},{"text":"its","start":2403.282,"end":2403.491},{"text":"resources","start":2403.491,"end":2404.118},{"text":"are","start":2404.391,"end":2404.536},{"text":"processed","start":2404.536,"end":2405.243},{"text":"to","start":2405.597,"end":2405.758},{"text":"a","start":2405.758,"end":2405.822},{"text":"greater","start":2405.822,"end":2406.143},{"text":"extent","start":2406.143,"end":2406.593},{"text":"locally","start":2406.61,"end":2407.019},{"text":"to","start":2407.281,"end":2407.396},{"text":"the","start":2407.396,"end":2407.461},{"text":"benefit","start":2407.527,"end":2408.199},{"text":"of","start":2408.428,"end":2408.494},{"text":"value","start":2408.772,"end":2409.182},{"text":"creation,","start":2409.182,"end":2409.575},{"text":"employment,","start":2409.608,"end":2410.05},{"text":"and","start":2410.083,"end":2410.149},{"text":"skills","start":2410.165,"end":2410.476},{"text":"development.","start":2410.476,"end":2410.804}]},{"text":"But in order for the Democratic Republic of the Congo to fully play its role, it must be at peace.","start":2413.309,"end":2417.948,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2413.309,"end":2413.73},{"text":"in","start":2413.958,"end":2414.087},{"text":"order","start":2414.103,"end":2414.428},{"text":"for","start":2414.428,"end":2414.639},{"text":"the","start":2414.752,"end":2414.963},{"text":"Democratic","start":2414.996,"end":2415.434},{"text":"Republic","start":2415.434,"end":2415.758},{"text":"of","start":2415.758,"end":2415.807},{"text":"the","start":2415.823,"end":2415.904},{"text":"Congo","start":2415.904,"end":2416.147},{"text":"to","start":2416.147,"end":2416.277},{"text":"fully","start":2416.31,"end":2416.602},{"text":"play","start":2416.699,"end":2416.894},{"text":"its","start":2416.894,"end":2417.105},{"text":"role,","start":2417.105,"end":2417.234},{"text":"it","start":2417.672,"end":2417.721},{"text":"must","start":2417.753,"end":2417.818},{"text":"be","start":2417.818,"end":2417.851},{"text":"at","start":2417.867,"end":2417.899},{"text":"peace.","start":2417.899,"end":2417.948}]},{"text":"And for that peace to be lasting, the economic sources of the war must be dried up.","start":2417.997,"end":2423.313,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2417.997,"end":2418.062},{"text":"for","start":2418.062,"end":2418.159},{"text":"that","start":2418.159,"end":2418.256},{"text":"peace","start":2418.256,"end":2418.305},{"text":"to","start":2418.305,"end":2418.338},{"text":"be","start":2418.338,"end":2418.37},{"text":"lasting,","start":2418.37,"end":2418.548},{"text":"the","start":2418.565,"end":2418.597},{"text":"economic","start":2420.55,"end":2420.774},{"text":"sources","start":2420.807,"end":2421.272},{"text":"of","start":2421.369,"end":2421.465},{"text":"the","start":2421.465,"end":2421.546},{"text":"war","start":2421.546,"end":2421.706},{"text":"must","start":2421.706,"end":2422.204},{"text":"be","start":2422.67,"end":2422.815},{"text":"dried","start":2422.815,"end":2423.072},{"text":"up.","start":2423.136,"end":2423.313}]},{"text":"That is why the debate that brings us today together today goes beyond our national context alone.","start":2423.554,"end":2431.297,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2423.554,"end":2423.923},{"text":"is","start":2424.02,"end":2424.084},{"text":"why","start":2424.18,"end":2424.309},{"text":"the","start":2424.582,"end":2424.678},{"text":"debate","start":2424.678,"end":2425.257},{"text":"that","start":2425.401,"end":2425.755},{"text":"brings","start":2426.108,"end":2426.333},{"text":"us","start":2426.43,"end":2426.638},{"text":"today","start":2426.928,"end":2427.281},{"text":"together","start":2427.988,"end":2428.357},{"text":"today","start":2428.357,"end":2428.679},{"text":"goes","start":2428.679,"end":2428.807},{"text":"beyond","start":2428.855,"end":2429.37},{"text":"our","start":2429.755,"end":2429.98},{"text":"national","start":2430.06,"end":2430.35},{"text":"context","start":2430.446,"end":2431.008},{"text":"alone.","start":2431.008,"end":2431.297}]},{"text":"It is African, it is global.","start":2431.426,"end":2433.386,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2431.426,"end":2431.506},{"text":"is","start":2431.571,"end":2431.635},{"text":"African,","start":2432.374,"end":2432.775},{"text":"it","start":2432.792,"end":2432.888},{"text":"is","start":2432.888,"end":2433},{"text":"global.","start":2433.033,"end":2433.386}]},{"text":"It concerns producing and consuming countries, international institutions as well as regional organizations, economic actors as well as and as much as future generations, because we are bound together by the same supply chains, the same climate challenges, and the same demand for security and dignity.","start":2433.434,"end":2450.183,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2433.434,"end":2433.514},{"text":"concerns","start":2433.514,"end":2433.98},{"text":"producing","start":2433.98,"end":2434.527},{"text":"and","start":2434.639,"end":2434.8},{"text":"consuming","start":2434.8,"end":2435.25},{"text":"countries,","start":2435.282,"end":2435.732},{"text":"international","start":2435.924,"end":2436.406},{"text":"institutions","start":2436.406,"end":2436.936},{"text":"as","start":2436.969,"end":2437.017},{"text":"well","start":2437.113,"end":2437.194},{"text":"as","start":2437.194,"end":2437.338},{"text":"regional","start":2437.435,"end":2437.981},{"text":"organizations,","start":2438.35,"end":2439.105},{"text":"economic","start":2439.218,"end":2439.619},{"text":"actors","start":2439.684,"end":2440.069},{"text":"as","start":2440.246,"end":2440.31},{"text":"well","start":2440.423,"end":2440.664},{"text":"as","start":2440.664,"end":2440.792},{"text":"and","start":2440.905,"end":2440.969},{"text":"as","start":2441.049,"end":2441.146},{"text":"much","start":2441.146,"end":2441.322},{"text":"as","start":2441.387,"end":2441.515},{"text":"future","start":2441.628,"end":2441.949},{"text":"generations,","start":2441.949,"end":2442.64},{"text":"because","start":2443.395,"end":2443.684},{"text":"we","start":2443.716,"end":2443.797},{"text":"are","start":2443.797,"end":2443.957},{"text":"bound","start":2443.957,"end":2444.246},{"text":"together","start":2444.278,"end":2444.68},{"text":"by","start":2444.68,"end":2444.841},{"text":"the","start":2444.841,"end":2444.873},{"text":"same","start":2444.905,"end":2445.194},{"text":"supply","start":2445.226,"end":2445.596},{"text":"chains,","start":2445.644,"end":2446.014},{"text":"the","start":2446.11,"end":2446.19},{"text":"same","start":2446.19,"end":2446.399},{"text":"climate","start":2446.447,"end":2446.769},{"text":"challenges,","start":2446.769,"end":2447.299},{"text":"and","start":2448.132,"end":2448.197},{"text":"the","start":2448.213,"end":2448.293},{"text":"same","start":2448.293,"end":2448.533},{"text":"demand","start":2448.533,"end":2448.87},{"text":"for","start":2448.918,"end":2449.014},{"text":"security","start":2449.014,"end":2449.543},{"text":"and","start":2449.639,"end":2449.719},{"text":"dignity.","start":2449.719,"end":2450.183}]},{"text":"Our approach seeks neither to pit producers against consumers nor to create new fault lines.","start":2451.081,"end":2457.875,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":2451.081,"end":2451.177},{"text":"approach","start":2451.177,"end":2451.626},{"text":"seeks","start":2453.036,"end":2453.404},{"text":"neither","start":2453.404,"end":2453.741},{"text":"to","start":2453.741,"end":2453.837},{"text":"pit","start":2453.901,"end":2454.205},{"text":"producers","start":2454.221,"end":2454.83},{"text":"against","start":2454.862,"end":2455.247},{"text":"consumers","start":2455.247,"end":2455.792},{"text":"nor","start":2455.904,"end":2456.096},{"text":"to","start":2456.465,"end":2456.593},{"text":"create","start":2456.609,"end":2457.025},{"text":"new","start":2457.025,"end":2457.186},{"text":"fault","start":2457.186,"end":2457.49},{"text":"lines.","start":2457.49,"end":2457.875}]},{"text":"It rests on a simple conviction: in an interdependent world, the security of supply chains, the stability of producing states, and the development of local populations are inseparable.","start":2458.003,"end":2469.508,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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ladies and gentlemen, history rarely remembers the length of our debates, but it remembers the courage of our 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generation is called upon to meet the challenges of its time.","start":2571.954,"end":2575.192,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":2571.954,"end":2572.131},{"text":"generation","start":2572.131,"end":2572.66},{"text":"is","start":2572.708,"end":2572.82},{"text":"called","start":2572.852,"end":2573.092},{"text":"upon","start":2573.092,"end":2573.445},{"text":"to","start":2573.557,"end":2573.717},{"text":"meet","start":2573.717,"end":2573.877},{"text":"the","start":2573.877,"end":2573.958},{"text":"challenges","start":2573.958,"end":2574.422},{"text":"of","start":2574.47,"end":2574.551},{"text":"its","start":2574.599,"end":2574.711},{"text":"time.","start":2574.775,"end":2575.192}]},{"text":"Ours must recognize that natural resources are no longer merely an economic issue.","start":2576.121,"end":2580.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ours","start":2576.121,"end":2576.345},{"text":"must","start":2576.361,"end":2576.538},{"text":"recognize","start":2576.538,"end":2576.906},{"text":"that","start":2577.002,"end":2577.082},{"text":"natural","start":2577.082,"end":2577.403},{"text":"resources","start":2577.403,"end":2577.836},{"text":"are","start":2577.836,"end":2577.916},{"text":"no","start":2577.916,"end":2578.06},{"text":"longer","start":2578.124,"end":2578.445},{"text":"merely","start":2578.941,"end":2579.23},{"text":"an","start":2579.326,"end":2579.374},{"text":"economic","start":2579.486,"end":2579.999},{"text":"issue.","start":2580.063,"end":2580.4}]},{"text":"They have become a major issue of peace, security, justice, and prosperity.","start":2580.544,"end":2585.031,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2580.544,"end":2580.672},{"text":"have","start":2580.688,"end":2580.784},{"text":"become","start":2580.784,"end":2581.041},{"text":"a","start":2581.041,"end":2581.105},{"text":"major","start":2581.105,"end":2581.537},{"text":"issue","start":2581.666,"end":2581.89},{"text":"of","start":2581.89,"end":2581.954},{"text":"peace,","start":2581.986,"end":2582.291},{"text":"security,","start":2582.307,"end":2582.916},{"text":"justice,","start":2583.653,"end":2584.101},{"text":"and","start":2584.31,"end":2584.47},{"text":"prosperity.","start":2584.47,"end":2585.031}]},{"text":"We can continue to intervene only once crises have already erupted, or we can act upstream, tackling the predatory economies that fuel them.","start":2587.502,"end":2596.36,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance 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is the choice before us.","start":2607.031,"end":2608.652,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":2607.031,"end":2607.304},{"text":"is","start":2607.352,"end":2607.465},{"text":"the","start":2607.497,"end":2607.577},{"text":"choice","start":2607.577,"end":2607.978},{"text":"before","start":2607.978,"end":2608.363},{"text":"us.","start":2608.363,"end":2608.652}]},{"text":"Such is the responsibility that falls to our generation.","start":2609.438,"end":2612.134,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":2609.438,"end":2609.824},{"text":"is","start":2609.904,"end":2609.952},{"text":"the","start":2610.048,"end":2610.128},{"text":"responsibility","start":2610.128,"end":2610.867},{"text":"that","start":2610.867,"end":2611.027},{"text":"falls","start":2611.027,"end":2611.396},{"text":"to","start":2611.492,"end":2611.589},{"text":"our","start":2611.589,"end":2611.701},{"text":"generation.","start":2611.733,"end":2612.134}]},{"text":"Thank 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Council.","start":2612.568,"end":2617.922,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":2612.568,"end":2612.92},{"text":"is","start":2612.968,"end":2613.081},{"text":"the","start":2613.113,"end":2613.241},{"text":"ambition","start":2613.257,"end":2613.802},{"text":"that","start":2613.994,"end":2614.411},{"text":"the","start":2614.475,"end":2614.555},{"text":"Democratic","start":2614.619,"end":2615.1},{"text":"Republic","start":2615.1,"end":2615.517},{"text":"of","start":2615.517,"end":2615.597},{"text":"the","start":2615.597,"end":2615.677},{"text":"Congo","start":2615.677,"end":2615.998},{"text":"brings","start":2615.998,"end":2616.206},{"text":"today","start":2616.303,"end":2616.639},{"text":"before","start":2616.639,"end":2616.88},{"text":"the","start":2616.88,"end":2616.96},{"text":"Security","start":2616.96,"end":2617.361},{"text":"Council.","start":2617.361,"end":2617.922}]},{"text":"Natural resources must no longer be the frontiers of our 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into 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history will remember that here at the United Nations, the international community chose to ensure that natural resources are no longer the legacy of our divisions, but rather the foundations of our shared 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Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie"}},{"statement_number":8,"start":2673.084,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=2674","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, Minister Kayed Kwamba, allow me to thank you for convening this extremely relevant debate for the Global 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wish to extend a particular greeting to Secretary-General Guterres, who joins us today, colleagues, representatives of the Security Council.","start":2685.207,"end":2694.682,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2685.207,"end":2685.255},{"text":"wish","start":2685.624,"end":2685.849},{"text":"to","start":2685.865,"end":2686.09},{"text":"extend","start":2686.09,"end":2686.572},{"text":"a","start":2686.572,"end":2686.588},{"text":"particular","start":2686.668,"end":2687.15},{"text":"greeting","start":2687.15,"end":2687.599},{"text":"to","start":2687.776,"end":2688.033},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":2688.033,"end":2688.691},{"text":"Guterres,","start":2688.82,"end":2689.366},{"text":"who","start":2689.542,"end":2689.735},{"text":"joins","start":2689.783,"end":2690.04},{"text":"us","start":2690.104,"end":2690.49},{"text":"today,","start":2690.49,"end":2690.875},{"text":"colleagues,","start":2691.164,"end":2691.694},{"text":"representatives","start":2692.867,"end":2693.397},{"text":"of","start":2693.397,"end":2693.445},{"text":"the","start":2693.445,"end":2693.509},{"text":"Security","start":2693.509,"end":2694.039},{"text":"Council.","start":2694.039,"end":2694.682}]},{"text":"We know that strategic minerals are essential to the energy transition.","start":2694.858,"end":2700.047,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":2810.05,"end":2810.34},{"text":"where","start":2810.809,"end":2811.116},{"text":"governance","start":2811.132,"end":2811.876},{"text":"is","start":2812.005,"end":2812.15},{"text":"lacking,","start":2812.328,"end":2812.781},{"text":"criminal","start":2813.055,"end":2813.653},{"text":"economies","start":2813.799,"end":2814.413},{"text":"capture","start":2814.768,"end":2815.496},{"text":"parts","start":2815.576,"end":2816.126},{"text":"of","start":2816.126,"end":2816.191},{"text":"the","start":2816.288,"end":2816.449},{"text":"production","start":2816.449,"end":2817.079},{"text":"and","start":2817.176,"end":2817.29},{"text":"supply","start":2817.29,"end":2817.71},{"text":"chains.","start":2817.823,"end":2818.291}]},{"text":"Gold is the best example of this.","start":2819.9,"end":2821.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Gold","start":2819.9,"end":2819.996},{"text":"is","start":2819.996,"end":2820.061},{"text":"the","start":2820.093,"end":2820.174},{"text":"best","start":2820.174,"end":2820.367},{"text":"example","start":2820.416,"end":2820.851},{"text":"of","start":2820.884,"end":2820.948},{"text":"this.","start":2820.981,"end":2821.19}]},{"text":"Nearly 85% of the gold produced in Colombia comes from non-formalized mining, and around 70% of that gold is associated with activities carried out by by organized armed groups, criminal groups operating outside the law.","start":2821.884,"end":2840.801,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Illicit","start":2874.706,"end":2875.076},{"text":"mining","start":2875.286,"end":2875.656},{"text":"economies","start":2875.85,"end":2876.623},{"text":"both","start":2876.961,"end":2877.235},{"text":"finance","start":2877.445,"end":2878.347},{"text":"armed","start":2878.428,"end":2878.798},{"text":"organizations","start":2878.911,"end":2879.926},{"text":"and","start":2880.184,"end":2880.249},{"text":"they","start":2880.442,"end":2880.684},{"text":"coordinate","start":2881.086,"end":2881.989},{"text":"with","start":2882.279,"end":2882.698},{"text":"other","start":2882.778,"end":2883.165},{"text":"criminal","start":2883.23,"end":2883.925},{"text":"environmental","start":2884.96,"end":2885.833},{"text":"crimes","start":2885.833,"end":2886.383},{"text":"in","start":2886.641,"end":2886.706},{"text":"deforestation","start":2889.194,"end":2890.284},{"text":"in","start":2890.54,"end":2890.845},{"text":"the","start":2891.053,"end":2891.39},{"text":"Amazon,","start":2891.582,"end":2892.047},{"text":"with","start":2892.319,"end":2892.48},{"text":"drugs","start":2892.496,"end":2892.816},{"text":"trafficking.","start":2892.816,"end":2893.393}]},{"text":"And thirdly, they are sustained through transnational networks— I repeat, transnational networks— that are involved in trafficking mining inputs, money laundering, and the illicit trade of minerals, particularly money laundering coming from outside the country.","start":2893.506,"end":2911.908,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2911.956,"end":2912.117},{"text":"phenomenon","start":2912.117,"end":2912.646},{"text":"affects","start":2912.758,"end":2913.143},{"text":"not","start":2913.143,"end":2913.383},{"text":"only","start":2913.399,"end":2913.688},{"text":"gold,","start":2913.784,"end":2914.201},{"text":"but","start":2914.521,"end":2914.697},{"text":"increasingly","start":2914.826,"end":2915.451},{"text":"other","start":2915.627,"end":2915.804},{"text":"strategic","start":2915.804,"end":2916.461},{"text":"minerals","start":2916.589,"end":2916.974},{"text":"whose","start":2917.326,"end":2917.535},{"text":"demand","start":2917.807,"end":2918.497},{"text":"is","start":2918.673,"end":2918.897},{"text":"rising","start":2919.154,"end":2919.539},{"text":"rapidly.","start":2919.651,"end":2919.907}]},{"text":"Addressing this challenge means looking beyond the place where the minerals are extracted.","start":2921.576,"end":2928.121,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":2921.576,"end":2921.945},{"text":"this","start":2922.057,"end":2922.185},{"text":"challenge","start":2922.378,"end":2923.067},{"text":"means","start":2923.244,"end":2923.549},{"text":"looking","start":2923.645,"end":2923.95},{"text":"beyond","start":2924.367,"end":2925.153},{"text":"the","start":2925.345,"end":2925.506},{"text":"place","start":2925.506,"end":2925.987},{"text":"where","start":2925.987,"end":2926.099},{"text":"the","start":2926.148,"end":2926.308},{"text":"minerals","start":2926.308,"end":2926.837},{"text":"are","start":2927.014,"end":2927.206},{"text":"extracted.","start":2927.27,"end":2928.121}]},{"text":"It means delocalizing the problem.","start":2928.409,"end":2932.532,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2928.409,"end":2928.65},{"text":"means","start":2928.73,"end":2929.292},{"text":"delocalizing","start":2930.719,"end":2931.81},{"text":"the","start":2932.003,"end":2932.147},{"text":"problem.","start":2932.147,"end":2932.532}]},{"text":"It's essential to ensure the traceability of the entire supply chain, from the inputs used in extraction and to the minerals, their trade routes, and the financial flows that ultimately legalize proceeds derived from illicit activities.","start":2933.623,"end":2955.062,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":10,"start":3146.574,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3147","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam President.","start":3146.574,"end":3147.651,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3146.574,"end":3146.655},{"text":"you,","start":3146.655,"end":3146.848},{"text":"Madam","start":3146.912,"end":3147.153},{"text":"President.","start":3147.153,"end":3147.651}]},{"text":"And at the outset, I would like to warmly welcome you, Your Excellency, and thank you and the Presidency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this timely 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3282.592,"end":3282.673},{"text":"is","start":3282.673,"end":3282.737},{"text":"time","start":3282.769,"end":3283.041},{"text":"to","start":3283.089,"end":3283.218},{"text":"make","start":3283.218,"end":3283.426},{"text":"the","start":3283.474,"end":3283.554},{"text":"exploitation","start":3283.554,"end":3284.179},{"text":"and","start":3284.757,"end":3284.837},{"text":"weaponization","start":3284.917,"end":3285.702},{"text":"of","start":3286.135,"end":3286.215},{"text":"natural","start":3286.231,"end":3286.568},{"text":"resources","start":3286.616,"end":3287.145},{"text":"more","start":3287.321,"end":3287.45},{"text":"costly","start":3287.498,"end":3287.947},{"text":"than","start":3288.46,"end":3288.604},{"text":"their","start":3288.604,"end":3288.684},{"text":"responsible","start":3288.684,"end":3289.47},{"text":"and","start":3289.742,"end":3289.806},{"text":"peaceful","start":3289.886,"end":3290.271},{"text":"management.","start":3290.704,"end":3291.329}]},{"text":"Second, Madam President, we recognize that existing frameworks have grown increasingly complex.","start":3292.291,"end":3298.078,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":3292.291,"end":3292.595},{"text":"Madam","start":3292.627,"end":3292.868},{"text":"President,","start":3292.868,"end":3293.269},{"text":"we","start":3293.91,"end":3294.054},{"text":"recognize","start":3294.054,"end":3294.599},{"text":"that","start":3294.872,"end":3295.032},{"text":"existing","start":3295.032,"end":3295.401},{"text":"frameworks","start":3295.497,"end":3296.106},{"text":"have","start":3296.314,"end":3296.459},{"text":"grown","start":3296.539,"end":3296.843},{"text":"increasingly","start":3296.956,"end":3297.517},{"text":"complex.","start":3297.517,"end":3298.078}]},{"text":"What is needed, however, is stronger compliance and more diligent implementation.","start":3298.543,"end":3303.095,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3303.913,"end":3304.009},{"text":"can","start":3304.009,"end":3304.153},{"text":"strengthen","start":3304.153,"end":3304.554},{"text":"responsible","start":3304.57,"end":3305.211},{"text":"and","start":3305.211,"end":3305.275},{"text":"transparent","start":3305.291,"end":3305.948},{"text":"supply","start":3306.237,"end":3306.574},{"text":"chains—","start":3306.574,"end":3306.942},{"text":"excuse","start":3307.231,"end":3307.616},{"text":"me—","start":3307.616,"end":3307.744},{"text":"by","start":3308.161,"end":3308.257},{"text":"supporting","start":3308.257,"end":3308.706},{"text":"producer","start":3308.738,"end":3309.138},{"text":"countries","start":3309.138,"end":3309.507},{"text":"with","start":3309.603,"end":3309.748},{"text":"technical","start":3309.764,"end":3310.196},{"text":"assistance,","start":3310.196,"end":3310.822},{"text":"traceability,","start":3311.126,"end":3311.751},{"text":"and","start":3312.104,"end":3312.168},{"text":"due","start":3312.184,"end":3312.409},{"text":"diligence,","start":3312.409,"end":3312.986},{"text":"rather","start":3313.37,"end":3313.691},{"text":"than","start":3313.691,"end":3313.755},{"text":"adding","start":3314.172,"end":3314.396},{"text":"new","start":3314.509,"end":3314.605},{"text":"layers","start":3314.733,"end":3315.038},{"text":"of","start":3315.31,"end":3315.39},{"text":"bureaucracy.","start":3315.39,"end":3315.999}]},{"text":"Denmark stands ready to work with all stakeholders to promote transparency, responsible natural resource governance, and sustainable development.","start":3316.673,"end":3324.549,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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stands ready to work with all parties toward that goal.","start":3401.091,"end":3404.124,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Denmark","start":3401.091,"end":3401.397},{"text":"stands","start":3401.397,"end":3401.655},{"text":"ready","start":3401.72,"end":3401.946},{"text":"to","start":3402.22,"end":3402.365},{"text":"work","start":3402.365,"end":3402.526},{"text":"with","start":3402.526,"end":3402.607},{"text":"all","start":3402.704,"end":3402.801},{"text":"parties","start":3402.849,"end":3403.236},{"text":"toward","start":3403.575,"end":3403.898},{"text":"that","start":3403.898,"end":3404.059},{"text":"goal.","start":3404.059,"end":3404.124}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank 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Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":3415.9,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3416","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":3415.9,"end":3416.157,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3415.9,"end":3416.088},{"text":"you.","start":3416.088,"end":3416.157}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Your Excellency.","start":3416.534,"end":3417.444,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3416.534,"end":3416.775},{"text":"you,","start":3416.775,"end":3416.86},{"text":"Your","start":3416.878,"end":3417.049},{"text":"Excellency.","start":3417.049,"end":3417.444}]},{"text":"Liberia joins in welcoming The distinguished presence of Her Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the host of Excellencies and distinguished ministers honoring the Council with their 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for many nations, including my own, natural resources stand at the sharp Yes.","start":3463.98,"end":3475.343,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":3463.98,"end":3464.465},{"text":"for","start":3466.538,"end":3466.7},{"text":"many","start":3466.7,"end":3466.943},{"text":"nations,","start":3466.943,"end":3467.623},{"text":"including","start":3468.546,"end":3469},{"text":"my","start":3469.113,"end":3469.194},{"text":"own,","start":3469.502,"end":3469.566},{"text":"natural","start":3471.04,"end":3471.591},{"text":"resources","start":3471.607,"end":3472.32},{"text":"stand","start":3472.778,"end":3473.563},{"text":"at","start":3474.316,"end":3474.414},{"text":"the","start":3474.48,"end":3474.561},{"text":"sharp","start":3474.561,"end":3475.052},{"text":"Yes.","start":3475.229,"end":3475.343}]},{"text":"The diamond is at the sharp intersection of promise and peril.","start":3475.408,"end":3479.335,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3612.735,"end":3612.865},{"text":"must","start":3612.962,"end":3613.531},{"text":"not","start":3613.531,"end":3613.855},{"text":"power","start":3613.872,"end":3614.278},{"text":"a","start":3615.171,"end":3615.187},{"text":"clean","start":3615.415,"end":3615.707},{"text":"energy","start":3615.966,"end":3616.354},{"text":"future","start":3616.37,"end":3617.097},{"text":"with","start":3617.906,"end":3618.035},{"text":"dirty","start":3618.246,"end":3618.731},{"text":"supply","start":3618.731,"end":3619.248},{"text":"chains.","start":3619.361,"end":3619.83}]},{"text":"To turn principles into protection, we offer 5 concrete actions.","start":3622.951,"end":3631.241,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":3622.951,"end":3623.097},{"text":"turn","start":3623.097,"end":3623.388},{"text":"principles","start":3623.729,"end":3624.444},{"text":"into","start":3625.191,"end":3625.402},{"text":"protection,","start":3625.451,"end":3626.149},{"text":"we","start":3627.237,"end":3627.383},{"text":"offer","start":3627.545,"end":3627.951},{"text":"5","start":3628.682,"end":3629.234},{"text":"concrete","start":3629.754,"end":3630.338},{"text":"actions.","start":3630.716,"end":3631.241}]},{"text":"First, Treat resource governance as conflict prevention.","start":3632.93,"end":3640.868,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3632.93,"end":3633.537},{"text":"Treat","start":3635.838,"end":3636.4},{"text":"resource","start":3636.561,"end":3637.252},{"text":"governance","start":3637.509,"end":3638.104},{"text":"as","start":3638.956,"end":3639.1},{"text":"conflict","start":3639.438,"end":3640.209},{"text":"prevention.","start":3640.338,"end":3640.868}]},{"text":"Transparency is not an economic preference.","start":3642.507,"end":3646.495,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Transparency","start":3642.507,"end":3643.52},{"text":"is","start":3643.696,"end":3643.761},{"text":"not","start":3643.954,"end":3644.452},{"text":"an","start":3644.661,"end":3644.726},{"text":"economic","start":3644.903,"end":3645.578},{"text":"preference.","start":3645.948,"end":3646.495}]},{"text":"It is, in truth, a security imperative.","start":3647.556,"end":3652.368,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3647.556,"end":3647.749},{"text":"is,","start":3647.958,"end":3648.344},{"text":"in","start":3648.602,"end":3648.65},{"text":"truth,","start":3648.779,"end":3649.149},{"text":"a","start":3649.808,"end":3649.824},{"text":"security","start":3649.905,"end":3650.87},{"text":"imperative.","start":3651.578,"end":3652.368}]},{"text":"Standards like EITI, beneficial ownership registries, and digital traceability are not administrative burdens.","start":3653.544,"end":3665.531,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Standards","start":3653.544,"end":3654.382},{"text":"like","start":3654.721,"end":3655.059},{"text":"EITI,","start":3655.366,"end":3655.752},{"text":"beneficial","start":3657.074,"end":3657.848},{"text":"ownership","start":3657.944,"end":3658.46},{"text":"registries,","start":3658.589,"end":3659.298},{"text":"and","start":3660.069,"end":3660.214},{"text":"digital","start":3660.327,"end":3660.827},{"text":"traceability","start":3660.956,"end":3661.874},{"text":"are","start":3662.728,"end":3662.84},{"text":"not","start":3662.84,"end":3663.404},{"text":"administrative","start":3664.097,"end":3664.886},{"text":"burdens.","start":3665.064,"end":3665.531}]},{"text":"They are tools to starve armed groups of capital they need to ply their trade.","start":3666.433,"end":3674.536,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3666.433,"end":3666.513},{"text":"are","start":3666.594,"end":3666.868},{"text":"tools","start":3666.916,"end":3667.786},{"text":"to","start":3668.205,"end":3668.302},{"text":"starve","start":3668.302,"end":3669.004},{"text":"armed","start":3669.591,"end":3670.228},{"text":"groups","start":3670.423,"end":3670.946},{"text":"of","start":3671.468,"end":3671.533},{"text":"capital","start":3671.81,"end":3672.414},{"text":"they","start":3672.545,"end":3672.626},{"text":"need","start":3672.724,"end":3673.328},{"text":"to","start":3673.586,"end":3673.731},{"text":"ply","start":3673.763,"end":3673.94},{"text":"their","start":3674.085,"end":3674.327},{"text":"trade.","start":3674.327,"end":3674.536}]},{"text":"Second, put communities at the center of extraction.","start":3676.273,"end":3682.772,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":3676.273,"end":3677.11},{"text":"put","start":3678.493,"end":3678.767},{"text":"communities","start":3678.895,"end":3679.684},{"text":"at","start":3680.199,"end":3680.424},{"text":"the","start":3680.424,"end":3680.633},{"text":"center","start":3680.73,"end":3681.236},{"text":"of","start":3681.808,"end":3681.955},{"text":"extraction.","start":3682.053,"end":3682.772}]},{"text":"Governance without human rights gender equity, and local consent is not development.","start":3684.26,"end":3692.625,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Governance","start":3684.26,"end":3685.028},{"text":"without","start":3685.158,"end":3685.747},{"text":"human","start":3685.747,"end":3686.139},{"text":"rights","start":3686.139,"end":3686.449},{"text":"gender","start":3687.093,"end":3687.558},{"text":"equity,","start":3687.718,"end":3688.183},{"text":"and","start":3688.921,"end":3689.065},{"text":"local","start":3689.097,"end":3689.562},{"text":"consent","start":3689.578,"end":3690.348},{"text":"is","start":3691.086,"end":3691.31},{"text":"not","start":3691.583,"end":3691.839},{"text":"development.","start":3691.984,"end":3692.625}]},{"text":"It is institutionalized grievance.","start":3693.667,"end":3697.805,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3693.667,"end":3693.764},{"text":"is","start":3693.892,"end":3694.197},{"text":"institutionalized","start":3695.014,"end":3697.003},{"text":"grievance.","start":3697.436,"end":3697.805}]},{"text":"Where communities are dispossessed, extraction will always breed violence.","start":3699.12,"end":3707.025,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":3699.12,"end":3699.296},{"text":"communities","start":3699.505,"end":3700.29},{"text":"are","start":3700.547,"end":3700.691},{"text":"dispossessed,","start":3700.803,"end":3702.102},{"text":"extraction","start":3702.728,"end":3703.578},{"text":"will","start":3703.754,"end":3703.818},{"text":"always","start":3704.235,"end":3704.78},{"text":"breed","start":3705.374,"end":3705.983},{"text":"violence.","start":3706.416,"end":3707.025}]},{"text":"Third, build a universal borderless Traceability framework.","start":3708.501,"end":3715.634,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":3708.501,"end":3709.11},{"text":"build","start":3710.345,"end":3710.794},{"text":"a","start":3711.05,"end":3711.099},{"text":"universal","start":3711.211,"end":3712.141},{"text":"borderless","start":3712.43,"end":3713.183},{"text":"Traceability","start":3713.618,"end":3714.634},{"text":"framework.","start":3714.989,"end":3715.634}]},{"text":"Illicit financial flows and smuggled minerals cross borders with ease.","start":3716.859,"end":3722.707,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Illicit","start":3716.859,"end":3717.746},{"text":"financial","start":3717.746,"end":3718.423},{"text":"flows","start":3718.536,"end":3719.003},{"text":"and","start":3719.261,"end":3719.342},{"text":"smuggled","start":3719.342,"end":3720.164},{"text":"minerals","start":3720.164,"end":3720.616},{"text":"cross","start":3720.809,"end":3721.212},{"text":"borders","start":3721.212,"end":3721.582},{"text":"with","start":3722.096,"end":3722.273},{"text":"ease.","start":3722.417,"end":3722.707}]},{"text":"Our legal enforcement must learn to do the same.","start":3724.41,"end":3728.524,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3724.41,"end":3724.587},{"text":"legal","start":3724.587,"end":3725.037},{"text":"enforcement","start":3725.085,"end":3726.13},{"text":"must","start":3726.676,"end":3727.078},{"text":"learn","start":3727.078,"end":3727.528},{"text":"to","start":3727.801,"end":3727.93},{"text":"do","start":3727.946,"end":3728.058},{"text":"the","start":3728.107,"end":3728.155},{"text":"same.","start":3728.187,"end":3728.524}]},{"text":"We need an interoperable global architecture to close safe harbors for stolen wealth.","start":3729.553,"end":3736.802,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3729.553,"end":3729.666},{"text":"need","start":3729.666,"end":3730.1},{"text":"an","start":3730.132,"end":3730.18},{"text":"interoperable","start":3730.437,"end":3731.466},{"text":"global","start":3731.643,"end":3732.109},{"text":"architecture","start":3732.141,"end":3732.912},{"text":"to","start":3733.363,"end":3733.475},{"text":"close","start":3733.652,"end":3734.102},{"text":"safe","start":3734.134,"end":3734.52},{"text":"harbors","start":3734.552,"end":3735.082},{"text":"for","start":3735.822,"end":3735.918},{"text":"stolen","start":3735.918,"end":3736.368},{"text":"wealth.","start":3736.545,"end":3736.802}]},{"text":"Fourth, Empower regional frontline partners.","start":3738.185,"end":3742.342,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":3738.185,"end":3738.538},{"text":"Empower","start":3739.644,"end":3740.174},{"text":"regional","start":3740.447,"end":3740.929},{"text":"frontline","start":3740.929,"end":3741.619},{"text":"partners.","start":3741.732,"end":3742.342}]},{"text":"The African Union, ECOWAS, and Great Lakes mechanisms possess the proximity and contextual legitimacy needed to choke off cross-border illicit trade.","start":3743.418,"end":3758.158,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3759.153,"end":3759.314},{"text":"must","start":3759.314,"end":3759.844},{"text":"be,","start":3759.876,"end":3760.133},{"text":"therefore,","start":3760.679,"end":3761.321},{"text":"fully","start":3761.867,"end":3762.252},{"text":"resourced.","start":3762.686,"end":3763.135}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LBR","affiliation_full":"Liberia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":3763.264,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3764","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":3763.264,"end":3763.537,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3763.264,"end":3763.489},{"text":"you.","start":3763.489,"end":3763.537}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":14,"start":3793.337,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3794","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Your Excellency, in closing, the so-called resource curse is not a decree of nature.","start":3793.337,"end":3803.117,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3804.732,"end":3804.813},{"text":"is","start":3804.877,"end":3805.023},{"text":"a","start":3805.798,"end":3805.814},{"text":"failure","start":3805.846,"end":3806.444},{"text":"of","start":3807.09,"end":3807.203},{"text":"leadership.","start":3807.299,"end":3807.8}]},{"text":"Similarly, equitable revenue, transparent supply chains, and sovereign accountability are not secondary development goals.","start":3809.51,"end":3821.374,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Similarly,","start":3809.51,"end":3809.992},{"text":"equitable","start":3811.294,"end":3812.082},{"text":"revenue,","start":3812.114,"end":3812.484},{"text":"transparent","start":3813.545,"end":3814.365},{"text":"supply","start":3814.365,"end":3814.943},{"text":"chains,","start":3814.991,"end":3815.458},{"text":"and","start":3816.278,"end":3816.374},{"text":"sovereign","start":3816.374,"end":3816.985},{"text":"accountability","start":3817.114,"end":3818.11},{"text":"are","start":3818.907,"end":3819.003},{"text":"not","start":3819.003,"end":3819.564},{"text":"secondary","start":3819.564,"end":3820.333},{"text":"development","start":3820.349,"end":3820.894},{"text":"goals.","start":3820.99,"end":3821.374}]},{"text":"They are primary defense strategies.","start":3822.288,"end":3825.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3822.288,"end":3822.432},{"text":"are","start":3822.512,"end":3822.704},{"text":"primary","start":3822.768,"end":3823.377},{"text":"defense","start":3823.49,"end":3824.098},{"text":"strategies.","start":3824.211,"end":3825.06}]},{"text":"Liberia stands ready to partner with this Council to ensure our shared natural wealth becomes an enduring engine of human dignity and never again a trigger for war.","start":3826.198,"end":3844.209,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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thank you for your kind attention.","start":3845.028,"end":3846.361,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3845.028,"end":3845.045},{"text":"thank","start":3845.096,"end":3845.353},{"text":"you","start":3845.353,"end":3845.438},{"text":"for","start":3845.438,"end":3845.609},{"text":"your","start":3845.609,"end":3845.78},{"text":"kind","start":3845.78,"end":3846.036},{"text":"attention.","start":3846.036,"end":3846.361}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LBR","affiliation_full":"Liberia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":3847.93,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3848","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie.","start":3847.93,"end":3848.579,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":3847.93,"end":3847.978},{"text":"remercie.","start":3847.978,"end":3848.579}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Liberia for the statement.","start":3849.098,"end":3852.635,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3849.098,"end":3849.147},{"text":"thank","start":3849.244,"end":3849.65},{"text":"the","start":3849.65,"end":3849.747},{"text":"representative","start":3849.747,"end":3850.542},{"text":"of","start":3850.542,"end":3850.688},{"text":"Liberia","start":3850.802,"end":3851.597},{"text":"for","start":3851.597,"end":3851.792},{"text":"the","start":3851.921,"end":3852.019},{"text":"statement.","start":3852.019,"end":3852.635}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Somalia.","start":3853.138,"end":3855.425,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3853.138,"end":3853.171},{"text":"now","start":3853.171,"end":3853.333},{"text":"give","start":3853.398,"end":3853.577},{"text":"the","start":3853.625,"end":3853.69},{"text":"floor","start":3853.723,"end":3854.128},{"text":"to","start":3854.128,"end":3854.307},{"text":"the","start":3854.307,"end":3854.437},{"text":"representative","start":3854.437,"end":3854.94},{"text":"of","start":3854.94,"end":3855.037},{"text":"Somalia.","start":3855.07,"end":3855.425}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":16,"start":3859.864,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=3860","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madame President, let me begin by expressing our sincere appreciation to the presidency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo for 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leading this important open debate.","start":3870.568,"end":3873.338,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":3870.568,"end":3870.665},{"text":"leading","start":3870.665,"end":3871.038},{"text":"this","start":3871.702,"end":3871.864},{"text":"important","start":3871.864,"end":3872.528},{"text":"open","start":3872.609,"end":3872.82},{"text":"debate.","start":3872.917,"end":3873.338}]},{"text":"We also thank the Secretary-General for his insightful briefing and Director-General Okonjo-Iweala for her remarks.","start":3874.391,"end":3882.925,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3874.391,"end":3874.489},{"text":"also","start":3874.553,"end":3874.861},{"text":"thank","start":3874.877,"end":3875.12},{"text":"the","start":3875.12,"end":3875.185},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":3875.185,"end":3876.028},{"text":"for","start":3876.805,"end":3876.919},{"text":"his","start":3876.919,"end":3877.065},{"text":"insightful","start":3877.065,"end":3878.085},{"text":"briefing","start":3878.102,"end":3878.458},{"text":"and","start":3879.094,"end":3879.159},{"text":"Director-General","start":3879.257,"end":3880.333},{"text":"Okonjo-Iweala","start":3880.806,"end":3881.849},{"text":"for","start":3881.947,"end":3882.077},{"text":"her","start":3882.175,"end":3882.273},{"text":"remarks.","start":3882.436,"end":3882.925}]},{"text":"Today, natural resources occupy a unique place in the global 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They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":3950.64,"end":3950.769},{"text":"many","start":3950.802,"end":3951.012},{"text":"African","start":3951.109,"end":3951.496},{"text":"countries,","start":3951.513,"end":3951.9},{"text":"critical","start":3952.821,"end":3953.225},{"text":"minerals","start":3953.225,"end":3953.597},{"text":"offer","start":3953.936,"end":3954.178},{"text":"opportunities","start":3954.195,"end":3954.97},{"text":"for","start":3955.746,"end":3955.923},{"text":"structural","start":3955.988,"end":3956.598},{"text":"transformation,","start":3956.614,"end":3957.305},{"text":"job","start":3958.205,"end":3958.446},{"text":"creation,","start":3958.446,"end":3958.976},{"text":"and","start":3959.731,"end":3959.828},{"text":"progress","start":3959.828,"end":3960.39},{"text":"toward","start":3960.39,"end":3960.792},{"text":"the","start":3960.792,"end":3960.872},{"text":"full","start":3960.872,"end":3961.129},{"text":"implementation","start":3961.129,"end":3961.965},{"text":"of","start":3962.72,"end":3962.816},{"text":"Agenda","start":3962.816,"end":3963.282},{"text":"2063","start":3963.362,"end":3964.391},{"text":"as","start":3965.033,"end":3965.098},{"text":"well","start":3965.194,"end":3965.322},{"text":"as","start":3965.371,"end":3965.499},{"text":"the","start":3965.58,"end":3965.628},{"text":"Sustainable","start":3965.628,"end":3966.307},{"text":"Development","start":3966.323,"end":3966.953},{"text":"Goals.","start":3967.05,"end":3967.357}]},{"text":"The African Mining Vision provides a continental framework for transparent, equitable, and optimal utilization with emphasis on local value addition, industrial development, and regional integration.","start":3970.138,"end":3985.664,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4001.397,"end":4001.834},{"text":"strengthening","start":4002.933,"end":4003.45},{"text":"governance","start":4003.482,"end":4004.08},{"text":"is","start":4004.533,"end":4004.662},{"text":"crucial.","start":4004.695,"end":4005.099}]},{"text":"Existing due diligence, transparency, and traceability initiatives have made progress but must be matched by sustained investment in national capacity, institutional strengthening, and technical assistance.","start":4006.457,"end":4021.538,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":4077.682,"end":4077.762},{"text":"conclude,","start":4077.762,"end":4078.34},{"text":"Madam","start":4078.726,"end":4078.919},{"text":"President,","start":4078.967,"end":4079.85},{"text":"natural","start":4080.493,"end":4080.878},{"text":"resources","start":4080.894,"end":4081.505},{"text":"should","start":4081.938,"end":4082.099},{"text":"serve","start":4082.099,"end":4082.484},{"text":"as","start":4082.5,"end":4082.661},{"text":"a","start":4082.661,"end":4082.677},{"text":"foundation","start":4082.741,"end":4083.287},{"text":"for","start":4083.287,"end":4083.368},{"text":"peace,","start":4083.464,"end":4083.721},{"text":"prosperity,","start":4084.572,"end":4085.279},{"text":"and","start":4086.018,"end":4086.082},{"text":"sustainable","start":4086.114,"end":4086.821},{"text":"development,","start":4086.821,"end":4087.319},{"text":"not","start":4087.881,"end":4088.042},{"text":"as","start":4088.106,"end":4088.17},{"text":"drivers","start":4088.283,"end":4088.732},{"text":"of","start":4089.086,"end":4089.214},{"text":"conflict.","start":4089.23,"end":4089.808}]},{"text":"This requires genuine partnership, transparent governance, and equitable benefit sharing in order to deliver greater value to all, specifically producing Countries.","start":4090.933,"end":4105.754,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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And I would like to thank the Secretary-General for his comprehensive statement and also thank DG WTO, Madam Okonjo-Iweala, for her briefing.","start":4128.298,"end":4173.697,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4128.298,"end":4128.539},{"text":"President.","start":4128.539,"end":4128.829},{"text":"And","start":4156.556,"end":4156.62},{"text":"I","start":4156.7,"end":4156.748},{"text":"would","start":4156.796,"end":4156.941},{"text":"like","start":4156.941,"end":4157.133},{"text":"to","start":4157.198,"end":4157.374},{"text":"thank","start":4157.84,"end":4158.401},{"text":"the","start":4158.401,"end":4158.626},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":4158.722,"end":4159.653},{"text":"for","start":4159.669,"end":4159.91},{"text":"his","start":4159.91,"end":4160.054},{"text":"comprehensive","start":4160.568,"end":4161.419},{"text":"statement","start":4161.627,"end":4162.382},{"text":"and","start":4163.521,"end":4163.826},{"text":"also","start":4164.324,"end":4164.709},{"text":"thank","start":4165.608,"end":4166.121},{"text":"DG","start":4166.667,"end":4167.165},{"text":"WTO,","start":4167.213,"end":4168.047},{"text":"Madam","start":4168.738,"end":4169.042},{"text":"Okonjo-Iweala,","start":4169.396,"end":4171.739},{"text":"for","start":4172.75,"end":4173.023},{"text":"her","start":4173.071,"end":4173.199},{"text":"briefing.","start":4173.392,"end":4173.697}]},{"text":"Madam President, natural resources have all along shaped human destiny dictating where civilization settled and how they grew and prospered.","start":4174.516,"end":4188.235,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Competition—","start":4226.73,"end":4227.212},{"text":"rather,","start":4228.275,"end":4228.774},{"text":"the","start":4229.24,"end":4229.337},{"text":"scramble","start":4229.337,"end":4230.029},{"text":"for","start":4230.544,"end":4230.802},{"text":"natural","start":4230.882,"end":4231.558},{"text":"and","start":4231.993,"end":4232.057},{"text":"critical","start":4232.154,"end":4232.685},{"text":"minerals","start":4232.942,"end":4233.489},{"text":"is","start":4234.006,"end":4234.054},{"text":"consequently","start":4234.503,"end":4235.384},{"text":"becoming","start":4235.464,"end":4235.833},{"text":"a","start":4235.945,"end":4236.025},{"text":"defining","start":4236.089,"end":4236.586},{"text":"geopolitical","start":4236.73,"end":4237.467},{"text":"reality","start":4237.467,"end":4237.948},{"text":"of","start":4237.948,"end":4238.173},{"text":"our","start":4238.173,"end":4238.349},{"text":"times.","start":4238.349,"end":4238.717}]},{"text":"Ideally, natural resources should serve as instruments of sustainable development and prosperity.","start":4240.095,"end":4246.104,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ideally,","start":4240.095,"end":4240.56},{"text":"natural","start":4241.409,"end":4241.778},{"text":"resources","start":4241.778,"end":4242.323},{"text":"should","start":4242.419,"end":4242.531},{"text":"serve","start":4242.531,"end":4242.98},{"text":"as","start":4242.98,"end":4243.044},{"text":"instruments","start":4243.22,"end":4243.861},{"text":"of","start":4243.861,"end":4243.925},{"text":"sustainable","start":4243.941,"end":4244.598},{"text":"development","start":4244.598,"end":4245.383},{"text":"and","start":4245.464,"end":4245.608},{"text":"prosperity.","start":4245.64,"end":4246.104}]},{"text":"They must not become sources of conflict, coercion, or exploitation.","start":4247.066,"end":4252.338,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsible","start":4359.965,"end":4360.67},{"text":"investment,","start":4360.67,"end":4361.391},{"text":"local","start":4361.407,"end":4361.744},{"text":"processing,","start":4361.808,"end":4362.337},{"text":"technology","start":4362.673,"end":4363.298},{"text":"transfer,","start":4363.394,"end":4363.987},{"text":"skills","start":4364.228,"end":4364.742},{"text":"development,","start":4364.774,"end":4365.384},{"text":"and","start":4365.4,"end":4365.577},{"text":"equitable","start":4365.641,"end":4366.364},{"text":"revenue","start":4366.364,"end":4366.717},{"text":"sharing","start":4366.782,"end":4367.215},{"text":"must","start":4368.147,"end":4368.532},{"text":"remain","start":4368.532,"end":4368.837},{"text":"central","start":4368.934,"end":4369.608},{"text":"to","start":4369.608,"end":4369.721},{"text":"international","start":4369.978,"end":4370.62},{"text":"cooperation.","start":4370.62,"end":4371.166}]},{"text":"Sustainable peace cannot be achieved where immense natural wealth coexists with persistent poverty and underdevelopment.","start":4372.018,"end":4381.076,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Sustainable","start":4372.018,"end":4372.692},{"text":"peace","start":4372.724,"end":4373.045},{"text":"cannot","start":4373.045,"end":4373.511},{"text":"be","start":4373.527,"end":4373.624},{"text":"achieved","start":4373.624,"end":4374.411},{"text":"where","start":4374.411,"end":4374.748},{"text":"immense","start":4374.892,"end":4375.374},{"text":"natural","start":4375.374,"end":4375.824},{"text":"wealth","start":4375.92,"end":4376.242},{"text":"coexists","start":4376.258,"end":4377.077},{"text":"with","start":4377.703,"end":4377.912},{"text":"persistent","start":4377.944,"end":4378.876},{"text":"poverty","start":4378.988,"end":4379.438},{"text":"and","start":4380.016,"end":4380.08},{"text":"underdevelopment.","start":4380.273,"end":4381.076}]},{"text":"It's a recipe for conflict.","start":4382.521,"end":4383.887,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4382.521,"end":4382.682},{"text":"a","start":4382.682,"end":4382.698},{"text":"recipe","start":4382.762,"end":4383.164},{"text":"for","start":4383.228,"end":4383.405},{"text":"conflict.","start":4383.405,"end":4383.887}]},{"text":"Natural resource governance must remain firmly anchored in the UN Charter and international law.","start":4385.011,"end":4390.343,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":4385.011,"end":4385.412},{"text":"resource","start":4385.412,"end":4385.878},{"text":"governance","start":4385.878,"end":4386.392},{"text":"must","start":4386.392,"end":4386.697},{"text":"remain","start":4386.697,"end":4386.986},{"text":"firmly","start":4387.083,"end":4387.549},{"text":"anchored","start":4387.581,"end":4388.191},{"text":"in","start":4388.384,"end":4388.432},{"text":"the","start":4388.528,"end":4388.609},{"text":"UN","start":4388.609,"end":4388.833},{"text":"Charter","start":4388.93,"end":4389.412},{"text":"and","start":4389.412,"end":4389.556},{"text":"international","start":4389.588,"end":4390.295},{"text":"law.","start":4390.295,"end":4390.343}]},{"text":"The right of peoples to permanent sovereignty over their natural wealth and resources, as enshrined in General Assembly Resolution 1803, remains fundamental.","start":4391.098,"end":4402.699,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4391.098,"end":4391.179},{"text":"right","start":4391.179,"end":4391.452},{"text":"of","start":4391.452,"end":4391.564},{"text":"peoples","start":4391.596,"end":4392.046},{"text":"to","start":4392.078,"end":4392.191},{"text":"permanent","start":4392.319,"end":4392.866},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4392.866,"end":4393.653},{"text":"over","start":4393.83,"end":4393.974},{"text":"their","start":4394.087,"end":4394.183},{"text":"natural","start":4394.183,"end":4394.746},{"text":"wealth","start":4394.81,"end":4395.18},{"text":"and","start":4395.292,"end":4395.356},{"text":"resources,","start":4395.372,"end":4396.144},{"text":"as","start":4396.883,"end":4397.027},{"text":"enshrined","start":4397.076,"end":4397.767},{"text":"in","start":4397.847,"end":4397.911},{"text":"General","start":4397.943,"end":4398.281},{"text":"Assembly","start":4398.281,"end":4398.666},{"text":"Resolution","start":4398.666,"end":4399.197},{"text":"1803,","start":4399.197,"end":4400.37},{"text":"remains","start":4401.462,"end":4401.928},{"text":"fundamental.","start":4402.041,"end":4402.699}]},{"text":"International cooperation must strengthen national capacities while respecting national ownership priorities and policy space.","start":4403.406,"end":4411.007,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":4403.406,"end":4403.969},{"text":"cooperation","start":4403.969,"end":4404.419},{"text":"must","start":4404.531,"end":4404.708},{"text":"strengthen","start":4404.708,"end":4405.27},{"text":"national","start":4405.576,"end":4405.961},{"text":"capacities","start":4405.977,"end":4406.668},{"text":"while","start":4406.765,"end":4407.022},{"text":"respecting","start":4407.022,"end":4407.632},{"text":"national","start":4407.745,"end":4408.307},{"text":"ownership","start":4408.307,"end":4408.757},{"text":"priorities","start":4408.789,"end":4409.4},{"text":"and","start":4410.075,"end":4410.139},{"text":"policy","start":4410.235,"end":4410.637},{"text":"space.","start":4410.637,"end":4411.007}]},{"text":"Madam President, these principles apply not only to minerals but also to water, forests, and shared ecosystems.","start":4411.441,"end":4421.126,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4411.441,"end":4411.682},{"text":"President,","start":4411.682,"end":4412.164},{"text":"these","start":4412.244,"end":4412.453},{"text":"principles","start":4412.549,"end":4413.176},{"text":"apply","start":4414.333,"end":4414.734},{"text":"not","start":4414.976,"end":4415.233},{"text":"only","start":4415.297,"end":4415.586},{"text":"to","start":4415.683,"end":4415.747},{"text":"minerals","start":4415.779,"end":4416.39},{"text":"but","start":4416.984,"end":4417.096},{"text":"also","start":4417.289,"end":4417.674},{"text":"to","start":4417.77,"end":4417.802},{"text":"water,","start":4417.947,"end":4418.428},{"text":"forests,","start":4418.525,"end":4419.311},{"text":"and","start":4419.616,"end":4419.873},{"text":"shared","start":4419.873,"end":4420.323},{"text":"ecosystems.","start":4420.419,"end":4421.126}]},{"text":"The lawful and cooperative management of shared transboundary resources is indispensable to preventing conflict, peaceful settlement of disputes, and promoting friendly relations among neighboring states.","start":4422.201,"end":4436.329,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4422.201,"end":4422.298},{"text":"lawful","start":4422.426,"end":4422.859},{"text":"and","start":4422.924,"end":4423.036},{"text":"cooperative","start":4423.084,"end":4423.646},{"text":"management","start":4423.646,"end":4424.272},{"text":"of","start":4424.272,"end":4424.336},{"text":"shared","start":4424.385,"end":4424.77},{"text":"transboundary","start":4424.77,"end":4425.541},{"text":"resources","start":4425.653,"end":4426.424},{"text":"is","start":4427.323,"end":4427.467},{"text":"indispensable","start":4427.644,"end":4428.591},{"text":"to","start":4428.623,"end":4428.719},{"text":"preventing","start":4428.784,"end":4429.233},{"text":"conflict,","start":4429.346,"end":4429.988},{"text":"peaceful","start":4430.855,"end":4431.272},{"text":"settlement","start":4431.368,"end":4431.914},{"text":"of","start":4431.914,"end":4432.043},{"text":"disputes,","start":4432.075,"end":4432.701},{"text":"and","start":4433.343,"end":4433.439},{"text":"promoting","start":4433.439,"end":4433.889},{"text":"friendly","start":4433.985,"end":4434.403},{"text":"relations","start":4434.403,"end":4435.013},{"text":"among","start":4435.125,"end":4435.334},{"text":"neighboring","start":4435.446,"end":4435.799},{"text":"states.","start":4435.864,"end":4436.329}]},{"text":"Contrary to this spirit, our eastern neighbor has sought to weaponize water against Pakistan.","start":4437.453,"end":4442.767,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Contrary","start":4437.453,"end":4437.903},{"text":"to","start":4437.999,"end":4438.176},{"text":"this","start":4438.24,"end":4438.368},{"text":"spirit,","start":4438.416,"end":4438.978},{"text":"our","start":4439.364,"end":4439.46},{"text":"eastern","start":4439.54,"end":4439.829},{"text":"neighbor","start":4439.925,"end":4440.247},{"text":"has","start":4440.247,"end":4440.391},{"text":"sought","start":4440.439,"end":4440.808},{"text":"to","start":4440.808,"end":4440.841},{"text":"weaponize","start":4440.905,"end":4441.435},{"text":"water","start":4441.547,"end":4441.948},{"text":"against","start":4441.948,"end":4442.302},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":4442.35,"end":4442.767}]},{"text":"By abusing its status as the Upper Riparian, unilaterally and illegally placing the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance, a course of action for which neither the treaty nor the general principles of international law provide any basis whatsoever.","start":4444.116,"end":4463.849,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":4444.116,"end":4444.357},{"text":"abusing","start":4444.357,"end":4444.79},{"text":"its","start":4444.935,"end":4445.079},{"text":"status","start":4445.079,"end":4445.545},{"text":"as","start":4445.705,"end":4445.77},{"text":"the","start":4445.818,"end":4445.946},{"text":"Upper","start":4446.027,"end":4446.284},{"text":"Riparian,","start":4446.284,"end":4446.974},{"text":"unilaterally","start":4447.713,"end":4448.499},{"text":"and","start":4449.398,"end":4449.527},{"text":"illegally","start":4449.72,"end":4450.266},{"text":"placing","start":4450.378,"end":4450.747},{"text":"the","start":4450.844,"end":4450.908},{"text":"Indus","start":4450.924,"end":4451.341},{"text":"Waters","start":4451.341,"end":4451.711},{"text":"Treaty","start":4451.743,"end":4452.192},{"text":"in","start":4452.385,"end":4452.481},{"text":"abeyance,","start":4452.61,"end":4453.268},{"text":"a","start":4454.456,"end":4454.472},{"text":"course","start":4454.553,"end":4454.858},{"text":"of","start":4454.858,"end":4455.018},{"text":"action","start":4455.018,"end":4455.291},{"text":"for","start":4455.355,"end":4455.596},{"text":"which","start":4455.596,"end":4455.709},{"text":"neither","start":4455.853,"end":4456.239},{"text":"the","start":4456.335,"end":4456.479},{"text":"treaty","start":4456.479,"end":4456.929},{"text":"nor","start":4457.539,"end":4457.941},{"text":"the","start":4458.005,"end":4458.246},{"text":"general","start":4458.31,"end":4458.711},{"text":"principles","start":4458.727,"end":4459.338},{"text":"of","start":4459.45,"end":4459.691},{"text":"international","start":4459.691,"end":4460.365},{"text":"law","start":4460.478,"end":4460.574},{"text":"provide","start":4461.778,"end":4462.308},{"text":"any","start":4462.485,"end":4462.661},{"text":"basis","start":4462.742,"end":4463.191},{"text":"whatsoever.","start":4463.368,"end":4463.849}]},{"text":"Pakistan categorically rejects this unlawful action which directly threatens the livelihoods and well-being of over 240 million people of Pakistan.","start":4464.813,"end":4476.07,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan","start":4464.813,"end":4465.262},{"text":"categorically","start":4465.375,"end":4466.162},{"text":"rejects","start":4466.178,"end":4466.659},{"text":"this","start":4466.675,"end":4466.788},{"text":"unlawful","start":4467.061,"end":4467.575},{"text":"action","start":4467.623,"end":4467.992},{"text":"which","start":4468.763,"end":4468.891},{"text":"directly","start":4469.004,"end":4469.534},{"text":"threatens","start":4469.566,"end":4470.015},{"text":"the","start":4470.048,"end":4470.144},{"text":"livelihoods","start":4470.192,"end":4470.899},{"text":"and","start":4471.252,"end":4471.316},{"text":"well-being","start":4471.477,"end":4471.942},{"text":"of","start":4472.842,"end":4472.986},{"text":"over","start":4473.163,"end":4473.34},{"text":"240","start":4473.484,"end":4474.48},{"text":"million","start":4474.48,"end":4474.913},{"text":"people","start":4475.026,"end":4475.363},{"text":"of","start":4475.411,"end":4475.475},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":4475.572,"end":4476.07}]},{"text":"The Indus Waters Treaty remains valid, binding, and fully in force, as reaffirmed by the August 2025 award of the Court of Arbitration.","start":4477.258,"end":4488.403,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4477.258,"end":4477.338},{"text":"Indus","start":4477.435,"end":4477.692},{"text":"Waters","start":4477.74,"end":4478.045},{"text":"Treaty","start":4478.141,"end":4478.543},{"text":"remains","start":4478.543,"end":4479.008},{"text":"valid,","start":4479.105,"end":4479.394},{"text":"binding,","start":4480.325,"end":4480.775},{"text":"and","start":4481.192,"end":4481.337},{"text":"fully","start":4481.369,"end":4481.738},{"text":"in","start":4481.931,"end":4482.06},{"text":"force,","start":4482.092,"end":4482.525},{"text":"as","start":4483.441,"end":4483.585},{"text":"reaffirmed","start":4483.633,"end":4484.26},{"text":"by","start":4484.26,"end":4484.42},{"text":"the","start":4484.42,"end":4484.565},{"text":"August","start":4484.645,"end":4485.046},{"text":"2025","start":4485.046,"end":4486.155},{"text":"award","start":4486.251,"end":4486.717},{"text":"of","start":4486.829,"end":4486.925},{"text":"the","start":4486.974,"end":4487.134},{"text":"Court","start":4487.134,"end":4487.407},{"text":"of","start":4487.455,"end":4487.52},{"text":"Arbitration.","start":4487.696,"end":4488.403}]},{"text":"No state should be permitted to abuse shared water resources as an instrument of coercion, or political pressure, much less when it breaches solemn treaty obligations.","start":4489.8,"end":4503.213,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":4489.8,"end":4490.041},{"text":"state","start":4490.041,"end":4490.49},{"text":"should","start":4490.587,"end":4490.812},{"text":"be","start":4490.844,"end":4491.004},{"text":"permitted","start":4491.004,"end":4491.534},{"text":"to","start":4491.663,"end":4491.775},{"text":"abuse","start":4491.807,"end":4492.337},{"text":"shared","start":4492.53,"end":4492.899},{"text":"water","start":4492.931,"end":4493.236},{"text":"resources","start":4493.236,"end":4493.863},{"text":"as","start":4493.975,"end":4494.104},{"text":"an","start":4494.136,"end":4494.264},{"text":"instrument","start":4494.296,"end":4494.939},{"text":"of","start":4494.939,"end":4495.067},{"text":"coercion,","start":4495.163,"end":4495.613},{"text":"or","start":4496.226,"end":4496.387},{"text":"political","start":4496.387,"end":4496.855},{"text":"pressure,","start":4496.952,"end":4497.436},{"text":"much","start":4497.84,"end":4498.114},{"text":"less","start":4498.227,"end":4498.372},{"text":"when","start":4499.599,"end":4499.825},{"text":"it","start":4500.244,"end":4500.389},{"text":"breaches","start":4500.486,"end":4500.954},{"text":"solemn","start":4501.212,"end":4501.6},{"text":"treaty","start":4502.019,"end":4502.406},{"text":"obligations.","start":4502.439,"end":4503.213}]},{"text":"Madam President, that this is happening in the backdrop of Jammu and Kashmir dispute, a longstanding flashpoint in South Asia, carries grave risks for international peace and security.","start":4505.15,"end":4518.529,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4554.87,"end":4554.951},{"text":"Council","start":4554.951,"end":4555.368},{"text":"should","start":4555.368,"end":4555.592},{"text":"make","start":4555.592,"end":4555.865},{"text":"full","start":4555.913,"end":4556.17},{"text":"use","start":4556.17,"end":4556.555},{"text":"of","start":4556.555,"end":4556.603},{"text":"the","start":4556.651,"end":4556.731},{"text":"tools","start":4556.812,"end":4557.18},{"text":"at","start":4557.213,"end":4557.389},{"text":"its","start":4557.389,"end":4557.614},{"text":"disposal,","start":4557.614,"end":4558.223},{"text":"including","start":4559.138,"end":4559.747},{"text":"preventive","start":4560.004,"end":4560.501},{"text":"diplomacy,","start":4560.565,"end":4561.271},{"text":"peaceful","start":4561.865,"end":4562.266},{"text":"resolution","start":4562.266,"end":4562.875},{"text":"of","start":4562.891,"end":4563.036},{"text":"disputes,","start":4563.068,"end":4563.677},{"text":"sanctions","start":4564.207,"end":4564.913},{"text":"regimes,","start":4564.913,"end":4565.522},{"text":"and","start":4566.34,"end":4566.452},{"text":"monitoring","start":4566.517,"end":4566.966},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4567.078,"end":4567.816},{"text":"to","start":4567.88,"end":4568.009},{"text":"address","start":4568.041,"end":4568.394},{"text":"these","start":4568.602,"end":4568.795},{"text":"threats.","start":4568.907,"end":4569.324}]},{"text":"Madam President, natural resources should unite nations in cooperation rather than divide them.","start":4570.03,"end":4576.029,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4570.03,"end":4570.848},{"text":"President,","start":4570.848,"end":4571.297},{"text":"natural","start":4571.329,"end":4571.714},{"text":"resources","start":4571.714,"end":4572.179},{"text":"should","start":4572.211,"end":4572.5},{"text":"unite","start":4572.516,"end":4573.094},{"text":"nations","start":4573.094,"end":4573.623},{"text":"in","start":4573.816,"end":4573.864},{"text":"cooperation","start":4573.976,"end":4574.666},{"text":"rather","start":4574.698,"end":4575.019},{"text":"than","start":4575.099,"end":4575.227},{"text":"divide","start":4575.42,"end":4575.901},{"text":"them.","start":4575.901,"end":4576.029}]},{"text":"In conflict.","start":4576.446,"end":4577.071,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4576.446,"end":4576.51},{"text":"conflict.","start":4576.622,"end":4577.071}]},{"text":"They must be harnessed to promote sustainable development, shared prosperity, and lasting peace.","start":4578.048,"end":4584.923,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":4578.048,"end":4578.145},{"text":"must","start":4578.145,"end":4578.465},{"text":"be","start":4578.465,"end":4578.561},{"text":"harnessed","start":4578.609,"end":4579.266},{"text":"to","start":4579.266,"end":4579.395},{"text":"promote","start":4579.411,"end":4580.404},{"text":"sustainable","start":4580.404,"end":4581.045},{"text":"development,","start":4581.109,"end":4581.798},{"text":"shared","start":4582.615,"end":4582.904},{"text":"prosperity,","start":4583.016,"end":4583.801},{"text":"and","start":4584.138,"end":4584.218},{"text":"lasting","start":4584.298,"end":4584.603},{"text":"peace.","start":4584.715,"end":4584.923}]},{"text":"Pakistan remains committed to working with all member states to ensure that the world's natural wealth serves the interests of humanity, strengthens international cooperation, and contributes to a more peaceful, stable, and equitable world.","start":4585.596,"end":4601.989,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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statement.","start":4606.429,"end":4610.147,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4606.429,"end":4606.477},{"text":"thank","start":4606.525,"end":4606.912},{"text":"the","start":4606.912,"end":4606.992},{"text":"representative","start":4606.992,"end":4607.781},{"text":"of","start":4608.28,"end":4608.425},{"text":"Pakistan","start":4608.457,"end":4609.068},{"text":"for","start":4609.181,"end":4609.423},{"text":"the","start":4609.423,"end":4609.503},{"text":"statement.","start":4609.503,"end":4610.147}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of the Russian Federation.","start":4611.67,"end":4615.471,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4611.67,"end":4611.686},{"text":"now","start":4611.686,"end":4611.816},{"text":"give","start":4611.864,"end":4612.076},{"text":"the","start":4612.092,"end":4612.173},{"text":"floor","start":4612.173,"end":4612.595},{"text":"to","start":4612.595,"end":4612.839},{"text":"the","start":4612.839,"end":4612.92},{"text":"representative","start":4612.92,"end":4613.7},{"text":"of","start":4613.879,"end":4614.106},{"text":"the","start":4614.301,"end":4614.529},{"text":"Russian","start":4614.529,"end":4614.918},{"text":"Federation.","start":4614.935,"end":4615.471}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":20,"start":4618.502,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=4619","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Minister, Madam President, we welcome your personal participation in this open debate organized by the Democratic Republic of the 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discussion, with the contribution of the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the WTO, whom we also extend our greetings to today, just like the meeting— the ARIA Formula Council meeting held on July 13th under your presidency— testifies not only to the importance of today's topic, But also shows some difference in the approaches to regulating the sphere of natural resources.","start":4632.449,"end":4666.288,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Blood","start":4759.556,"end":4759.879},{"text":"minerals","start":4759.879,"end":4760.316},{"text":"are","start":4760.606,"end":4760.687},{"text":"used","start":4760.817,"end":4761.285},{"text":"to","start":4761.382,"end":4761.657},{"text":"finance","start":4761.705,"end":4762.142},{"text":"hostilities","start":4762.142,"end":4762.901},{"text":"and","start":4763.321,"end":4763.386},{"text":"the","start":4763.418,"end":4763.563},{"text":"activities","start":4763.563,"end":4764.113},{"text":"of","start":4764.145,"end":4764.274},{"text":"numerous","start":4764.291,"end":4764.743},{"text":"illegal","start":4764.792,"end":4765.179},{"text":"armed","start":4765.26,"end":4765.486},{"text":"groups.","start":4765.502,"end":4765.745}]},{"text":"Conflict zones are expanding, the intensity of those conflicts is growing, and illegal armed groups are fighting states for control over mineral deposits.","start":4768.371,"end":4777.811,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4804.576,"end":4804.64},{"text":"we","start":4804.673,"end":4804.818},{"text":"can","start":4804.818,"end":4804.931},{"text":"see","start":4804.931,"end":4805.399},{"text":"in","start":4806.675,"end":4806.723},{"text":"the","start":4806.772,"end":4806.852},{"text":"fight","start":4806.852,"end":4807.401},{"text":"for","start":4807.401,"end":4807.644},{"text":"Africa's","start":4807.644,"end":4808.144},{"text":"natural","start":4808.144,"end":4808.612},{"text":"resources,","start":4808.612,"end":4809.323},{"text":"every","start":4809.436,"end":4809.678},{"text":"method","start":4809.678,"end":4810.049},{"text":"possible","start":4810.066,"end":4810.728},{"text":"is","start":4810.728,"end":4810.776},{"text":"being","start":4811.293,"end":4811.503},{"text":"used,","start":4811.68,"end":4812.116},{"text":"from","start":4812.165,"end":4812.52},{"text":"unequal","start":4813.053,"end":4813.36},{"text":"cooperation","start":4813.36,"end":4814.398},{"text":"to","start":4814.547,"end":4814.695},{"text":"corruption,","start":4814.794,"end":4815.338},{"text":"blackmail,","start":4815.371,"end":4815.948},{"text":"threats.","start":4815.965,"end":4816.459}]},{"text":"Interference in internal affairs, and fomenting armed conflicts.","start":4817.476,"end":4821.933,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Interference","start":4817.476,"end":4818.053},{"text":"in","start":4818.053,"end":4818.101},{"text":"internal","start":4818.149,"end":4818.614},{"text":"affairs,","start":4818.614,"end":4819.143},{"text":"and","start":4819.961,"end":4820.266},{"text":"fomenting","start":4820.602,"end":4820.987},{"text":"armed","start":4821.019,"end":4821.244},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4821.244,"end":4821.933}]},{"text":"Madam President, it is states themselves that bear primary responsibility for the sovereign management of their natural resources and determine the ways in which they are to be developed and used in accordance with national interests and development priorities.","start":4823.344,"end":4839.345,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4823.344,"end":4823.568},{"text":"President,","start":4823.568,"end":4824.082},{"text":"it","start":4825.188,"end":4825.284},{"text":"is","start":4825.284,"end":4825.396},{"text":"states","start":4825.428,"end":4825.829},{"text":"themselves","start":4825.829,"end":4826.599},{"text":"that","start":4826.791,"end":4827.016},{"text":"bear","start":4827.016,"end":4827.144},{"text":"primary","start":4827.256,"end":4827.721},{"text":"responsibility","start":4827.753,"end":4828.555},{"text":"for","start":4828.555,"end":4828.715},{"text":"the","start":4828.715,"end":4828.795},{"text":"sovereign","start":4828.795,"end":4829.164},{"text":"management","start":4829.26,"end":4829.757},{"text":"of","start":4829.757,"end":4829.821},{"text":"their","start":4829.821,"end":4829.901},{"text":"natural","start":4829.917,"end":4830.302},{"text":"resources","start":4830.398,"end":4831.088},{"text":"and","start":4832.162,"end":4832.226},{"text":"determine","start":4832.242,"end":4832.707},{"text":"the","start":4832.723,"end":4832.771},{"text":"ways","start":4832.803,"end":4833.172},{"text":"in","start":4833.284,"end":4833.332},{"text":"which","start":4833.445,"end":4833.573},{"text":"they","start":4833.749,"end":4833.91},{"text":"are","start":4833.926,"end":4834.118},{"text":"to","start":4834.391,"end":4834.471},{"text":"be","start":4834.471,"end":4834.567},{"text":"developed","start":4834.567,"end":4835.032},{"text":"and","start":4835.032,"end":4835.192},{"text":"used","start":4835.192,"end":4835.577},{"text":"in","start":4835.673,"end":4835.721},{"text":"accordance","start":4835.769,"end":4836.234},{"text":"with","start":4836.234,"end":4836.347},{"text":"national","start":4836.347,"end":4836.876},{"text":"interests","start":4836.892,"end":4837.469},{"text":"and","start":4838.078,"end":4838.158},{"text":"development","start":4838.174,"end":4838.655},{"text":"priorities.","start":4838.655,"end":4839.345}]},{"text":"We are convinced that there is not and cannot be a universal model of natural resource governance that is equally suitable for everyone.","start":4840.259,"end":4848.347,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4840.259,"end":4840.403},{"text":"are","start":4840.403,"end":4840.499},{"text":"convinced","start":4840.499,"end":4841.156},{"text":"that","start":4841.156,"end":4841.333},{"text":"there","start":4841.445,"end":4841.573},{"text":"is","start":4841.686,"end":4841.862},{"text":"not","start":4841.862,"end":4842.054},{"text":"and","start":4842.102,"end":4842.215},{"text":"cannot","start":4842.263,"end":4842.776},{"text":"be","start":4842.824,"end":4843.08},{"text":"a","start":4843.225,"end":4843.273},{"text":"universal","start":4843.385,"end":4844.123},{"text":"model","start":4844.123,"end":4844.587},{"text":"of","start":4844.587,"end":4844.732},{"text":"natural","start":4844.732,"end":4845.117},{"text":"resource","start":4845.229,"end":4845.71},{"text":"governance","start":4845.71,"end":4846.335},{"text":"that","start":4846.335,"end":4846.447},{"text":"is","start":4846.447,"end":4846.56},{"text":"equally","start":4846.673,"end":4847.096},{"text":"suitable","start":4847.096,"end":4847.665},{"text":"for","start":4847.665,"end":4847.957},{"text":"everyone.","start":4847.957,"end":4848.347}]},{"text":"We have noted that certain experts, as well as representatives of member states, are effectively arguing that the sovereignty of states over natural resources is not an imperative and can only be realized only on condition of some form of good governance ensuring transparency and traceability.","start":4850.005,"end":4872.875,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4850.005,"end":4850.086},{"text":"have","start":4850.086,"end":4850.216},{"text":"noted","start":4850.232,"end":4850.541},{"text":"that","start":4850.573,"end":4850.736},{"text":"certain","start":4850.736,"end":4851.093},{"text":"experts,","start":4851.223,"end":4851.727},{"text":"as","start":4852.88,"end":4852.912},{"text":"well","start":4852.928,"end":4852.992},{"text":"as","start":4852.992,"end":4853.04},{"text":"representatives","start":4853.072,"end":4853.812},{"text":"of","start":4853.812,"end":4853.94},{"text":"member","start":4853.957,"end":4854.198},{"text":"states,","start":4854.198,"end":4854.648},{"text":"are","start":4855.484,"end":4855.564},{"text":"effectively","start":4855.564,"end":4856.095},{"text":"arguing","start":4856.127,"end":4856.577},{"text":"that","start":4856.689,"end":4858.377},{"text":"the","start":4859.101,"end":4859.165},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4859.165,"end":4859.647},{"text":"of","start":4859.647,"end":4859.712},{"text":"states","start":4859.728,"end":4860.162},{"text":"over","start":4860.162,"end":4860.322},{"text":"natural","start":4860.322,"end":4860.74},{"text":"resources","start":4860.789,"end":4861.4},{"text":"is","start":4862.728,"end":4862.89},{"text":"not","start":4862.906,"end":4863.149},{"text":"an","start":4863.149,"end":4863.197},{"text":"imperative","start":4863.23,"end":4863.91},{"text":"and","start":4864.088,"end":4864.25},{"text":"can","start":4864.25,"end":4864.412},{"text":"only","start":4864.493,"end":4864.639},{"text":"be","start":4864.671,"end":4864.833},{"text":"realized","start":4864.833,"end":4865.53},{"text":"only","start":4865.627,"end":4865.853},{"text":"on","start":4865.886,"end":4865.934},{"text":"condition","start":4866.032,"end":4866.42},{"text":"of","start":4866.469,"end":4866.582},{"text":"some","start":4866.679,"end":4867.084},{"text":"form","start":4867.246,"end":4867.927},{"text":"of","start":4868.137,"end":4868.364},{"text":"good","start":4868.558,"end":4868.769},{"text":"governance","start":4868.801,"end":4869.4},{"text":"ensuring","start":4870.434,"end":4870.83},{"text":"transparency","start":4870.83,"end":4871.885},{"text":"and","start":4872.001,"end":4872.083},{"text":"traceability.","start":4872.083,"end":4872.875}]},{"text":"We cannot agree with such an approach.","start":4875.426,"end":4877.708,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4875.426,"end":4875.523},{"text":"cannot","start":4875.976,"end":4876.478},{"text":"agree","start":4876.543,"end":4876.802},{"text":"with","start":4876.802,"end":4876.915},{"text":"such","start":4876.915,"end":4877.206},{"text":"an","start":4877.206,"end":4877.287},{"text":"approach.","start":4877.287,"end":4877.708}]},{"text":"We believe that what lies behind the imposition of these conditions is the same notorious and predatory attitude towards the countries of the Global South that we have seen for more than 500 years.","start":4878.484,"end":4892.079,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4878.484,"end":4878.662},{"text":"believe","start":4878.662,"end":4879.196},{"text":"that","start":4879.455,"end":4879.682},{"text":"what","start":4879.714,"end":4879.844},{"text":"lies","start":4879.941,"end":4880.248},{"text":"behind","start":4880.264,"end":4880.604},{"text":"the","start":4880.604,"end":4880.733},{"text":"imposition","start":4880.75,"end":4881.203},{"text":"of","start":4881.235,"end":4881.316},{"text":"these","start":4881.316,"end":4881.461},{"text":"conditions","start":4881.494,"end":4882.19},{"text":"is","start":4882.368,"end":4882.513},{"text":"the","start":4883.899,"end":4884.108},{"text":"same","start":4884.654,"end":4885.458},{"text":"notorious","start":4885.779,"end":4886.487},{"text":"and","start":4886.487,"end":4886.551},{"text":"predatory","start":4886.551,"end":4887.097},{"text":"attitude","start":4887.194,"end":4887.772},{"text":"towards","start":4888.64,"end":4888.977},{"text":"the","start":4888.977,"end":4889.058},{"text":"countries","start":4889.058,"end":4889.46},{"text":"of","start":4889.476,"end":4889.556},{"text":"the","start":4889.604,"end":4889.652},{"text":"Global","start":4889.701,"end":4890.038},{"text":"South","start":4890.038,"end":4890.392},{"text":"that","start":4890.504,"end":4890.665},{"text":"we","start":4890.665,"end":4890.81},{"text":"have","start":4890.81,"end":4890.89},{"text":"seen","start":4890.906,"end":4891.131},{"text":"for","start":4891.131,"end":4891.211},{"text":"more","start":4891.211,"end":4891.388},{"text":"than","start":4891.388,"end":4891.468},{"text":"500","start":4891.468,"end":4891.935},{"text":"years.","start":4891.935,"end":4892.079}]},{"text":"A vivid example is the distribution of revenues from the sale of an ordinary package of coffee.","start":4893.9,"end":4898.378,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":4893.9,"end":4893.932},{"text":"vivid","start":4893.932,"end":4894.258},{"text":"example","start":4894.258,"end":4894.746},{"text":"is","start":4894.746,"end":4894.795},{"text":"the","start":4894.844,"end":4894.974},{"text":"distribution","start":4894.974,"end":4895.577},{"text":"of","start":4895.577,"end":4895.642},{"text":"revenues","start":4895.642,"end":4896.098},{"text":"from","start":4896.131,"end":4896.294},{"text":"the","start":4896.31,"end":4896.391},{"text":"sale","start":4896.391,"end":4896.733},{"text":"of","start":4896.798,"end":4896.88},{"text":"an","start":4896.88,"end":4896.994},{"text":"ordinary","start":4897.173,"end":4897.564},{"text":"package","start":4897.596,"end":4897.987},{"text":"of","start":4897.987,"end":4898.085},{"text":"coffee.","start":4898.085,"end":4898.378}]},{"text":"According to the International Coffee Organization, the global market for this product has in recent years been valued at approximately $200 billion.","start":4899.941,"end":4908.435,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"According","start":4899.941,"end":4900.266},{"text":"to","start":4900.266,"end":4900.363},{"text":"the","start":4900.363,"end":4900.509},{"text":"International","start":4900.509,"end":4901.061},{"text":"Coffee","start":4901.077,"end":4901.45},{"text":"Organization,","start":4901.499,"end":4902.181},{"text":"the","start":4902.944,"end":4903.025},{"text":"global","start":4903.09,"end":4903.414},{"text":"market","start":4903.414,"end":4903.804},{"text":"for","start":4903.82,"end":4903.966},{"text":"this","start":4903.982,"end":4904.258},{"text":"product","start":4904.55,"end":4905.037},{"text":"has","start":4905.037,"end":4905.264},{"text":"in","start":4905.297,"end":4905.362},{"text":"recent","start":4905.443,"end":4905.8},{"text":"years","start":4905.849,"end":4906.157},{"text":"been","start":4906.189,"end":4906.319},{"text":"valued","start":4906.368,"end":4906.968},{"text":"at","start":4907.001,"end":4907.05},{"text":"approximately","start":4907.05,"end":4907.5},{"text":"$200","start":4907.565,"end":4907.984},{"text":"billion.","start":4908.048,"end":4908.435}]},{"text":"Yet producer countries retain only about $20 billion of this in export earnings, just one-tenth of the total.","start":4910.126,"end":4918.175,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":4910.126,"end":4910.416},{"text":"producer","start":4910.464,"end":4910.947},{"text":"countries","start":4910.947,"end":4911.479},{"text":"retain","start":4911.897,"end":4912.365},{"text":"only","start":4912.542,"end":4912.767},{"text":"about","start":4912.783,"end":4913.299},{"text":"$20","start":4913.444,"end":4913.895},{"text":"billion","start":4914.088,"end":4914.378},{"text":"of","start":4915.038,"end":4915.199},{"text":"this","start":4915.199,"end":4915.344},{"text":"in","start":4915.602,"end":4915.666},{"text":"export","start":4915.763,"end":4916.247},{"text":"earnings,","start":4916.247,"end":4916.555},{"text":"just","start":4916.733,"end":4917.073},{"text":"one-tenth","start":4917.073,"end":4917.559},{"text":"of","start":4917.559,"end":4917.64},{"text":"the","start":4917.64,"end":4917.721},{"text":"total.","start":4917.721,"end":4918.175}]},{"text":"The former colonial powers are well aware of this since the problem is not new.","start":4919.584,"end":4923.084,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4919.584,"end":4919.633},{"text":"former","start":4919.665,"end":4919.973},{"text":"colonial","start":4919.973,"end":4920.427},{"text":"powers","start":4920.476,"end":4920.881},{"text":"are","start":4920.881,"end":4921.026},{"text":"well","start":4921.026,"end":4921.14},{"text":"aware","start":4921.188,"end":4921.399},{"text":"of","start":4921.464,"end":4921.545},{"text":"this","start":4921.593,"end":4921.853},{"text":"since","start":4921.853,"end":4922.096},{"text":"the","start":4922.096,"end":4922.177},{"text":"problem","start":4922.242,"end":4922.549},{"text":"is","start":4922.582,"end":4922.711},{"text":"not","start":4922.728,"end":4922.938},{"text":"new.","start":4922.987,"end":4923.084}]},{"text":"Back in 2007, it was already being written about by experts at the Food and Agriculture Organization.","start":4925.414,"end":4930.764,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Back","start":4925.414,"end":4925.674},{"text":"in","start":4925.674,"end":4925.755},{"text":"2007,","start":4925.755,"end":4926.695},{"text":"it","start":4926.711,"end":4926.743},{"text":"was","start":4926.743,"end":4926.954},{"text":"already","start":4926.954,"end":4927.262},{"text":"being","start":4927.295,"end":4927.424},{"text":"written","start":4927.522,"end":4927.716},{"text":"about","start":4927.716,"end":4927.975},{"text":"by","start":4928.105,"end":4928.429},{"text":"experts","start":4928.591,"end":4929.143},{"text":"at","start":4929.256,"end":4929.37},{"text":"the","start":4929.402,"end":4929.467},{"text":"Food","start":4929.467,"end":4929.645},{"text":"and","start":4929.645,"end":4929.791},{"text":"Agriculture","start":4929.791,"end":4930.212},{"text":"Organization.","start":4930.212,"end":4930.764}]},{"text":"Whether anything has been done over these 20 years to correct this injustice is a rhetorical question.","start":4932,"end":4938.909,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Whether","start":4932,"end":4932.225},{"text":"anything","start":4932.354,"end":4932.805},{"text":"has","start":4932.837,"end":4932.966},{"text":"been","start":4932.998,"end":4933.127},{"text":"done","start":4933.224,"end":4933.449},{"text":"over","start":4933.481,"end":4933.723},{"text":"these","start":4933.723,"end":4933.932},{"text":"20","start":4935.237,"end":4935.64},{"text":"years","start":4935.656,"end":4936.026},{"text":"to","start":4936.058,"end":4936.155},{"text":"correct","start":4936.203,"end":4936.638},{"text":"this","start":4936.638,"end":4936.864},{"text":"injustice","start":4936.864,"end":4937.443},{"text":"is","start":4937.749,"end":4937.798},{"text":"a","start":4937.911,"end":4937.975},{"text":"rhetorical","start":4937.975,"end":4938.458},{"text":"question.","start":4938.474,"end":4938.909}]},{"text":"According to the latest data from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the economies of 46 African states, virtually the entire continent, are dependent on commodity exports.","start":4940.96,"end":4951.212,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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you very much for your attention.","start":5210.055,"end":5211.169,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5210.055,"end":5210.185},{"text":"you","start":5210.217,"end":5210.297},{"text":"very","start":5210.297,"end":5210.41},{"text":"much","start":5210.41,"end":5210.652},{"text":"for","start":5210.652,"end":5210.733},{"text":"your","start":5210.733,"end":5210.878},{"text":"attention.","start":5210.878,"end":5211.169}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"RUS","affiliation_full":"Russian Federation","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":21,"start":5213.737,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=5214","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of the Russian Federation.","start":5213.737,"end":5216.584,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5213.737,"end":5213.835},{"text":"thank","start":5213.835,"end":5214.095},{"text":"the","start":5214.095,"end":5214.225},{"text":"representative","start":5214.225,"end":5215.023},{"text":"of","start":5215.12,"end":5215.348},{"text":"the","start":5215.381,"end":5215.625},{"text":"Russian","start":5215.625,"end":5216.015},{"text":"Federation.","start":5216.015,"end":5216.584}]},{"text":"And I now give the floor to the representative of the United 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Foreign Minister, for convening this open debate and for your remarks.","start":5225.98,"end":5231.193,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5225.98,"end":5226.076},{"text":"you,","start":5226.076,"end":5226.189},{"text":"Madame","start":5226.48,"end":5226.69},{"text":"Foreign","start":5226.803,"end":5227.029},{"text":"Minister,","start":5227.077,"end":5227.481},{"text":"for","start":5228.514,"end":5228.659},{"text":"convening","start":5228.756,"end":5229.127},{"text":"this","start":5229.224,"end":5229.289},{"text":"open","start":5229.466,"end":5229.627},{"text":"debate","start":5229.644,"end":5230.112},{"text":"and","start":5230.128,"end":5230.289},{"text":"for","start":5230.289,"end":5230.483},{"text":"your","start":5230.515,"end":5230.661},{"text":"remarks.","start":5230.677,"end":5231.193}]},{"text":"And congratulations again on the Democratic Republic of the Congo's presidency.","start":5231.322,"end":5236.231,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5231.322,"end":5231.484},{"text":"congratulations","start":5231.484,"end":5232.355},{"text":"again","start":5232.404,"end":5232.662},{"text":"on","start":5233.501,"end":5233.566},{"text":"the","start":5233.598,"end":5233.679},{"text":"Democratic","start":5233.679,"end":5234.325},{"text":"Republic","start":5234.325,"end":5234.761},{"text":"of","start":5234.809,"end":5234.906},{"text":"the","start":5234.906,"end":5235.1},{"text":"Congo's","start":5235.1,"end":5235.504},{"text":"presidency.","start":5235.617,"end":5236.231}]},{"text":"And thanks to the Secretary-General and to the Director-General of the World Trade Organization.","start":5237.136,"end":5242.132,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5237.136,"end":5237.233},{"text":"thanks","start":5237.298,"end":5237.557},{"text":"to","start":5237.557,"end":5237.686},{"text":"the","start":5237.702,"end":5237.751},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5237.799,"end":5238.802},{"text":"and","start":5239.093,"end":5239.222},{"text":"to","start":5239.335,"end":5239.545},{"text":"the","start":5239.578,"end":5239.82},{"text":"Director-General","start":5239.82,"end":5240.596},{"text":"of","start":5240.79,"end":5240.871},{"text":"the","start":5240.871,"end":5241.016},{"text":"World","start":5241.016,"end":5241.194},{"text":"Trade","start":5241.194,"end":5241.501},{"text":"Organization.","start":5241.501,"end":5242.132}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madame.","start":5242.31,"end":5242.779,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5242.31,"end":5242.504},{"text":"you,","start":5242.552,"end":5242.585},{"text":"Madame.","start":5242.601,"end":5242.779}]},{"text":"Colleagues, when managed responsibly and strategically, natural resources have the potential to support peace, investment, and shared prosperity.","start":5244.044,"end":5254.11,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Colleagues,","start":5244.044,"end":5244.573},{"text":"when","start":5245.15,"end":5245.214},{"text":"managed","start":5245.31,"end":5245.711},{"text":"responsibly","start":5245.711,"end":5246.416},{"text":"and","start":5247.394,"end":5247.522},{"text":"strategically,","start":5247.57,"end":5248.339},{"text":"natural","start":5249.157,"end":5249.557},{"text":"resources","start":5249.557,"end":5250.151},{"text":"have","start":5250.215,"end":5250.375},{"text":"the","start":5250.375,"end":5250.455},{"text":"potential","start":5250.455,"end":5250.984},{"text":"to","start":5251.08,"end":5251.176},{"text":"support","start":5251.176,"end":5251.657},{"text":"peace,","start":5251.657,"end":5252.09},{"text":"investment,","start":5252.443,"end":5252.972},{"text":"and","start":5253.084,"end":5253.148},{"text":"shared","start":5253.164,"end":5253.485},{"text":"prosperity.","start":5253.485,"end":5254.11}]},{"text":"As part of these efforts, stakeholders must take into account the nexus between natural resource governance and conflict prevention.","start":5254.863,"end":5262.589,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":5289.417,"end":5289.562},{"text":"reinforce","start":5289.578,"end":5290.156},{"text":"this","start":5290.156,"end":5290.316},{"text":"progress,","start":5290.316,"end":5290.846},{"text":"the","start":5291.103,"end":5291.183},{"text":"U.S.-DRC","start":5291.199,"end":5292.869},{"text":"Strategic","start":5292.869,"end":5293.527},{"text":"Partnership","start":5293.527,"end":5294.105},{"text":"Agreement","start":5294.105,"end":5294.587},{"text":"harnesses","start":5295.197,"end":5295.582},{"text":"the","start":5295.694,"end":5295.855},{"text":"economic","start":5295.855,"end":5296.417},{"text":"potential","start":5296.417,"end":5297.043},{"text":"of","start":5297.123,"end":5297.219},{"text":"the","start":5297.219,"end":5297.364},{"text":"DRC","start":5297.364,"end":5297.958},{"text":"by","start":5298.343,"end":5298.455},{"text":"creating","start":5298.504,"end":5298.937},{"text":"the","start":5298.985,"end":5299.066},{"text":"conditions","start":5299.066,"end":5299.628},{"text":"for","start":5299.692,"end":5299.788},{"text":"the","start":5299.788,"end":5299.852},{"text":"United","start":5299.852,"end":5300.318},{"text":"States","start":5300.334,"end":5300.767},{"text":"and","start":5301.378,"end":5301.811},{"text":"the","start":5302.116,"end":5302.357},{"text":"U.S.-aligned","start":5302.598,"end":5303.481},{"text":"investment.","start":5303.481,"end":5304.059}]},{"text":"This includes encouraging and supporting U.S. engagement in Congolese export infrastructure and helping build a skilled workforce with quality job opportunities across the country.","start":5304.83,"end":5316.053,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5304.83,"end":5304.958},{"text":"includes","start":5305.087,"end":5305.536},{"text":"encouraging","start":5305.552,"end":5306.178},{"text":"and","start":5306.21,"end":5306.323},{"text":"supporting","start":5306.355,"end":5306.74},{"text":"U.S.","start":5306.837,"end":5307.045},{"text":"engagement","start":5307.174,"end":5307.912},{"text":"in","start":5308.057,"end":5308.105},{"text":"Congolese","start":5308.201,"end":5308.828},{"text":"export","start":5309.004,"end":5309.438},{"text":"infrastructure","start":5309.486,"end":5310.241},{"text":"and","start":5310.706,"end":5310.77},{"text":"helping","start":5310.851,"end":5311.156},{"text":"build","start":5311.268,"end":5311.573},{"text":"a","start":5311.573,"end":5311.589},{"text":"skilled","start":5311.605,"end":5312.039},{"text":"workforce","start":5312.071,"end":5312.521},{"text":"with","start":5313.099,"end":5313.227},{"text":"quality","start":5313.259,"end":5313.741},{"text":"job","start":5313.757,"end":5314.078},{"text":"opportunities","start":5314.078,"end":5314.849},{"text":"across","start":5315.138,"end":5315.523},{"text":"the","start":5315.523,"end":5315.603},{"text":"country.","start":5315.603,"end":5316.053}]},{"text":"The Strategic Partnership Agreement offers the potential for tangible growth, stability, and prosperity for both the Congolese and American people.","start":5317.032,"end":5326.376,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5317.032,"end":5317.064},{"text":"Strategic","start":5317.064,"end":5317.675},{"text":"Partnership","start":5317.675,"end":5318.188},{"text":"Agreement","start":5318.188,"end":5318.622},{"text":"offers","start":5318.798,"end":5319.104},{"text":"the","start":5319.152,"end":5319.296},{"text":"potential","start":5319.296,"end":5319.906},{"text":"for","start":5319.938,"end":5320.195},{"text":"tangible","start":5320.725,"end":5321.271},{"text":"growth,","start":5321.303,"end":5321.672},{"text":"stability,","start":5321.929,"end":5322.556},{"text":"and","start":5322.812,"end":5322.909},{"text":"prosperity","start":5322.909,"end":5323.599},{"text":"for","start":5324.033,"end":5324.193},{"text":"both","start":5324.193,"end":5324.402},{"text":"the","start":5324.434,"end":5324.514},{"text":"Congolese","start":5324.514,"end":5325.124},{"text":"and","start":5325.381,"end":5325.542},{"text":"American","start":5325.542,"end":5326.023},{"text":"people.","start":5326.023,"end":5326.376}]},{"text":"And we are already seeing progress.","start":5327.067,"end":5329.138,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5327.067,"end":5327.227},{"text":"we","start":5327.227,"end":5327.324},{"text":"are","start":5327.324,"end":5327.581},{"text":"already","start":5327.869,"end":5328.303},{"text":"seeing","start":5328.303,"end":5328.56},{"text":"progress.","start":5328.688,"end":5329.138}]},{"text":"This is evident in our effort and commitment to the Lobito Corridor, a transformative infrastructure project that will enhance regional connectivity, secure critical mineral supply chains, and drive sustainable economic growth by linking the DRC to the Atlantic Ocean port of Lobito in Angola.","start":5329.892,"end":5352.685,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5329.892,"end":5330.069},{"text":"is","start":5330.069,"end":5330.181},{"text":"evident","start":5330.294,"end":5330.855},{"text":"in","start":5330.92,"end":5330.968},{"text":"our","start":5331,"end":5331.193},{"text":"effort","start":5331.257,"end":5331.674},{"text":"and","start":5331.883,"end":5332.043},{"text":"commitment","start":5332.059,"end":5332.798},{"text":"to","start":5333.247,"end":5333.36},{"text":"the","start":5333.504,"end":5333.745},{"text":"Lobito","start":5333.89,"end":5334.435},{"text":"Corridor,","start":5334.628,"end":5335.222},{"text":"a","start":5335.672,"end":5335.688},{"text":"transformative","start":5335.752,"end":5336.603},{"text":"infrastructure","start":5336.715,"end":5337.437},{"text":"project","start":5337.437,"end":5338.047},{"text":"that","start":5338.385,"end":5338.481},{"text":"will","start":5338.481,"end":5338.641},{"text":"enhance","start":5338.641,"end":5339.155},{"text":"regional","start":5339.444,"end":5339.878},{"text":"connectivity,","start":5339.926,"end":5340.696},{"text":"secure","start":5341.948,"end":5342.35},{"text":"critical","start":5342.478,"end":5342.88},{"text":"mineral","start":5342.96,"end":5343.281},{"text":"supply","start":5343.281,"end":5343.57},{"text":"chains,","start":5343.698,"end":5344.148},{"text":"and","start":5344.806,"end":5344.983},{"text":"drive","start":5344.983,"end":5345.384},{"text":"sustainable","start":5345.384,"end":5346.09},{"text":"economic","start":5346.267,"end":5346.748},{"text":"growth","start":5346.748,"end":5347.118},{"text":"by","start":5347.615,"end":5347.824},{"text":"linking","start":5347.856,"end":5348.145},{"text":"the","start":5348.193,"end":5348.274},{"text":"DRC","start":5348.274,"end":5348.996},{"text":"to","start":5348.996,"end":5349.108},{"text":"the","start":5349.157,"end":5349.317},{"text":"Atlantic","start":5349.317,"end":5349.879},{"text":"Ocean","start":5349.879,"end":5350.168},{"text":"port","start":5350.264,"end":5350.65},{"text":"of","start":5350.986,"end":5351.066},{"text":"Lobito","start":5351.082,"end":5351.643},{"text":"in","start":5352.028,"end":5352.124},{"text":"Angola.","start":5352.124,"end":5352.685}]},{"text":"The Lobito Corridor will open new avenues for two-way trade between Central Africa and the United States and Europe.","start":5353.792,"end":5361.422,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5353.792,"end":5353.872},{"text":"Lobito","start":5353.872,"end":5354.289},{"text":"Corridor","start":5354.289,"end":5354.802},{"text":"will","start":5354.93,"end":5355.026},{"text":"open","start":5355.17,"end":5355.411},{"text":"new","start":5355.411,"end":5355.635},{"text":"avenues","start":5355.715,"end":5356.1},{"text":"for","start":5356.693,"end":5356.837},{"text":"two-way","start":5356.918,"end":5357.399},{"text":"trade","start":5357.399,"end":5357.895},{"text":"between","start":5357.895,"end":5358.264},{"text":"Central","start":5358.312,"end":5358.665},{"text":"Africa","start":5358.761,"end":5359.242},{"text":"and","start":5359.723,"end":5359.819},{"text":"the","start":5359.819,"end":5359.899},{"text":"United","start":5359.899,"end":5360.3},{"text":"States","start":5360.3,"end":5360.717},{"text":"and","start":5360.925,"end":5361.086},{"text":"Europe.","start":5361.086,"end":5361.422}]},{"text":"Just as in the DRC, we believe Sudan's durable path out of conflict runs through its people's ability to rebuild safely with resources that finance recovery rather than fuel further war.","start":5362.448,"end":5376.411,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Just","start":5362.448,"end":5362.865},{"text":"as","start":5362.929,"end":5363.073},{"text":"in","start":5363.41,"end":5363.538},{"text":"the","start":5363.586,"end":5363.731},{"text":"DRC,","start":5363.747,"end":5364.404},{"text":"we","start":5364.709,"end":5364.869},{"text":"believe","start":5364.869,"end":5365.141},{"text":"Sudan's","start":5365.174,"end":5365.911},{"text":"durable","start":5365.911,"end":5366.296},{"text":"path","start":5366.312,"end":5366.68},{"text":"out","start":5366.857,"end":5366.953},{"text":"of","start":5366.953,"end":5367.049},{"text":"conflict","start":5367.097,"end":5367.722},{"text":"runs","start":5368.219,"end":5368.444},{"text":"through","start":5368.556,"end":5368.764},{"text":"its","start":5368.797,"end":5369.037},{"text":"people's","start":5369.037,"end":5369.518},{"text":"ability","start":5369.518,"end":5369.967},{"text":"to","start":5370.079,"end":5370.191},{"text":"rebuild","start":5370.319,"end":5370.881},{"text":"safely","start":5370.881,"end":5371.41},{"text":"with","start":5371.987,"end":5372.131},{"text":"resources","start":5372.147,"end":5372.772},{"text":"that","start":5372.804,"end":5372.965},{"text":"finance","start":5372.965,"end":5373.59},{"text":"recovery","start":5373.59,"end":5374.055},{"text":"rather","start":5374.632,"end":5374.936},{"text":"than","start":5374.968,"end":5375.097},{"text":"fuel","start":5375.193,"end":5375.497},{"text":"further","start":5375.834,"end":5376.219},{"text":"war.","start":5376.235,"end":5376.411}]},{"text":"As Senior Advisor Boulos noted last month in this council, it is time to consider the role gold plays in fueling this conflict.","start":5377.357,"end":5387.068,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5377.357,"end":5377.421},{"text":"Senior","start":5377.453,"end":5377.773},{"text":"Advisor","start":5377.773,"end":5378.334},{"text":"Boulos","start":5378.334,"end":5378.783},{"text":"noted","start":5379.071,"end":5379.44},{"text":"last","start":5379.456,"end":5379.792},{"text":"month","start":5379.841,"end":5380.145},{"text":"in","start":5380.241,"end":5380.305},{"text":"this","start":5380.337,"end":5380.466},{"text":"council,","start":5380.578,"end":5381.026},{"text":"it","start":5381.78,"end":5381.86},{"text":"is","start":5381.86,"end":5381.908},{"text":"time","start":5382.02,"end":5382.405},{"text":"to","start":5382.405,"end":5382.501},{"text":"consider","start":5382.501,"end":5382.949},{"text":"the","start":5383.045,"end":5383.19},{"text":"role","start":5383.206,"end":5383.35},{"text":"gold","start":5383.783,"end":5384.231},{"text":"plays","start":5384.44,"end":5384.792},{"text":"in","start":5385.049,"end":5385.097},{"text":"fueling","start":5385.369,"end":5385.754},{"text":"this","start":5386.266,"end":5386.379},{"text":"conflict.","start":5386.491,"end":5387.068}]},{"text":"Gold offers a major source of revenue that finances much of the acquisition and flow of drones and other weapons.","start":5387.709,"end":5395.689,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Gold","start":5387.709,"end":5388.029},{"text":"offers","start":5388.173,"end":5388.478},{"text":"a","start":5388.51,"end":5388.59},{"text":"major","start":5388.59,"end":5389.007},{"text":"source","start":5389.055,"end":5389.471},{"text":"of","start":5389.471,"end":5389.535},{"text":"revenue","start":5389.551,"end":5390.048},{"text":"that","start":5390.417,"end":5390.513},{"text":"finances","start":5390.513,"end":5391.202},{"text":"much","start":5391.298,"end":5391.555},{"text":"of","start":5391.555,"end":5391.619},{"text":"the","start":5391.619,"end":5391.747},{"text":"acquisition","start":5391.779,"end":5392.388},{"text":"and","start":5392.981,"end":5393.077},{"text":"flow","start":5393.077,"end":5393.365},{"text":"of","start":5393.622,"end":5393.782},{"text":"drones","start":5393.782,"end":5394.327},{"text":"and","start":5394.824,"end":5394.968},{"text":"other","start":5395.064,"end":5395.24},{"text":"weapons.","start":5395.24,"end":5395.689}]},{"text":"Traceability and transparency are not obstacles to investment, but rather the foundation of it.","start":5396.506,"end":5402.515,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Traceability","start":5396.506,"end":5397.211},{"text":"and","start":5397.323,"end":5397.404},{"text":"transparency","start":5397.404,"end":5398.333},{"text":"are","start":5398.445,"end":5398.541},{"text":"not","start":5398.541,"end":5398.91},{"text":"obstacles","start":5398.99,"end":5399.455},{"text":"to","start":5399.567,"end":5399.727},{"text":"investment,","start":5399.727,"end":5400.448},{"text":"but","start":5400.769,"end":5400.945},{"text":"rather","start":5400.993,"end":5401.378},{"text":"the","start":5401.474,"end":5401.522},{"text":"foundation","start":5401.554,"end":5402.243},{"text":"of","start":5402.291,"end":5402.419},{"text":"it.","start":5402.451,"end":5402.515}]},{"text":"Legitimate companies invest where supply chains are clean and peace is durable.","start":5403.237,"end":5408.29,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5409.349,"end":5409.397},{"text":"that","start":5409.493,"end":5409.654},{"text":"regard,","start":5409.67,"end":5410.199},{"text":"we","start":5410.391,"end":5410.632},{"text":"commend","start":5410.632,"end":5411.161},{"text":"the","start":5411.258,"end":5411.338},{"text":"United","start":5411.338,"end":5411.675},{"text":"Kingdom","start":5411.739,"end":5412.156},{"text":"for","start":5412.862,"end":5412.99},{"text":"sanctioning","start":5413.038,"end":5413.567},{"text":"individuals","start":5413.68,"end":5414.289},{"text":"suspected","start":5414.337,"end":5414.899},{"text":"of","start":5414.899,"end":5414.963},{"text":"participating","start":5414.963,"end":5415.813},{"text":"in","start":5416.246,"end":5416.294},{"text":"the","start":5416.326,"end":5416.487},{"text":"illicit","start":5416.487,"end":5417.129},{"text":"trade","start":5417.129,"end":5417.449},{"text":"of","start":5417.449,"end":5417.578},{"text":"gold","start":5417.594,"end":5417.931},{"text":"and","start":5417.931,"end":5418.059},{"text":"finance","start":5418.075,"end":5418.636},{"text":"networks","start":5418.636,"end":5419.23},{"text":"sustaining","start":5419.39,"end":5419.984},{"text":"the","start":5420.016,"end":5420.16},{"text":"conflict.","start":5420.16,"end":5420.738}]},{"text":"The United States has targeted our sanctions on individuals and networks profiting from this war, including those recruiting foreign fighters and supplying the weapons that have prolonged the conflict and enabled atrocities against civilians.","start":5421.46,"end":5436.82,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather,","start":5456.563,"end":5456.996},{"text":"they","start":5457.445,"end":5457.605},{"text":"reflect","start":5457.605,"end":5458.151},{"text":"one","start":5458.167,"end":5458.375},{"text":"conviction:","start":5458.488,"end":5459.017},{"text":"that","start":5459.931,"end":5460.108},{"text":"diplomacy","start":5460.172,"end":5460.862},{"text":"succeeds","start":5460.99,"end":5461.664},{"text":"when","start":5461.76,"end":5461.824},{"text":"it","start":5461.92,"end":5461.968},{"text":"turns","start":5462.081,"end":5462.466},{"text":"resource","start":5463.444,"end":5463.957},{"text":"wealth","start":5464.006,"end":5464.31},{"text":"from","start":5464.487,"end":5464.663},{"text":"a","start":5464.679,"end":5464.808},{"text":"driver","start":5464.808,"end":5465.289},{"text":"of","start":5465.289,"end":5465.353},{"text":"conflict","start":5465.385,"end":5466.123},{"text":"into","start":5466.492,"end":5466.7},{"text":"a","start":5466.749,"end":5466.813},{"text":"foundation","start":5466.813,"end":5467.518},{"text":"for","start":5467.551,"end":5467.695},{"text":"regional","start":5467.775,"end":5468.144},{"text":"integration","start":5468.272,"end":5468.962},{"text":"and","start":5469.395,"end":5469.459},{"text":"shared","start":5469.54,"end":5469.876},{"text":"growth.","start":5469.876,"end":5470.165}]},{"text":"The United States remains prepared to use every tool at our disposal to help the DRC, Rwanda, and Sudan deliver the peace and prosperity their people deserve.","start":5471.064,"end":5483.559,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5471.064,"end":5471.144},{"text":"United","start":5471.144,"end":5471.545},{"text":"States","start":5471.545,"end":5471.882},{"text":"remains","start":5471.882,"end":5472.331},{"text":"prepared","start":5472.363,"end":5473.101},{"text":"to","start":5473.47,"end":5473.614},{"text":"use","start":5473.63,"end":5473.999},{"text":"every","start":5474.111,"end":5474.336},{"text":"tool","start":5474.448,"end":5474.721},{"text":"at","start":5474.849,"end":5474.913},{"text":"our","start":5474.913,"end":5475.09},{"text":"disposal","start":5475.09,"end":5475.699},{"text":"to","start":5476.197,"end":5476.341},{"text":"help","start":5476.357,"end":5476.694},{"text":"the","start":5476.694,"end":5476.774},{"text":"DRC,","start":5476.838,"end":5477.512},{"text":"Rwanda,","start":5478.057,"end":5478.699},{"text":"and","start":5478.924,"end":5479.036},{"text":"Sudan","start":5479.084,"end":5479.533},{"text":"deliver","start":5480.127,"end":5480.544},{"text":"the","start":5480.544,"end":5480.704},{"text":"peace","start":5480.704,"end":5480.977},{"text":"and","start":5481.185,"end":5481.249},{"text":"prosperity","start":5481.33,"end":5482.035},{"text":"their","start":5482.292,"end":5482.42},{"text":"people","start":5482.613,"end":5483.014},{"text":"deserve.","start":5483.014,"end":5483.559}]},{"text":"From this, from his first day in office, President Trump has made clear that economic security is indeed national security.","start":5484.397,"end":5493.08,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"From","start":5484.397,"end":5484.689},{"text":"this,","start":5484.802,"end":5484.997},{"text":"from","start":5485.273,"end":5485.451},{"text":"his","start":5485.451,"end":5485.581},{"text":"first","start":5485.678,"end":5485.922},{"text":"day","start":5485.922,"end":5486.019},{"text":"in","start":5486.1,"end":5486.182},{"text":"office,","start":5486.246,"end":5486.474},{"text":"President","start":5486.977,"end":5487.382},{"text":"Trump","start":5487.382,"end":5487.658},{"text":"has","start":5487.658,"end":5487.772},{"text":"made","start":5487.869,"end":5488.113},{"text":"clear","start":5488.113,"end":5488.324},{"text":"that","start":5488.94,"end":5489.054},{"text":"economic","start":5489.184,"end":5489.768},{"text":"security","start":5489.768,"end":5490.368},{"text":"is","start":5491.033,"end":5491.098},{"text":"indeed","start":5491.196,"end":5491.743},{"text":"national","start":5492.001,"end":5492.5},{"text":"security.","start":5492.5,"end":5493.08}]},{"text":"Together, we can ensure the resource wealth finances peace and not war.","start":5494.11,"end":5500.003,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Together,","start":5494.11,"end":5494.625},{"text":"we","start":5494.674,"end":5494.754},{"text":"can","start":5494.818,"end":5494.98},{"text":"ensure","start":5494.98,"end":5495.35},{"text":"the","start":5495.479,"end":5495.559},{"text":"resource","start":5495.624,"end":5496.091},{"text":"wealth","start":5496.364,"end":5496.654},{"text":"finances","start":5497.33,"end":5497.942},{"text":"peace","start":5498.055,"end":5498.474},{"text":"and","start":5499.246,"end":5499.311},{"text":"not","start":5499.343,"end":5499.536},{"text":"war.","start":5499.729,"end":5500.003}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5500.68,"end":5500.985,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5500.68,"end":5500.792},{"text":"you.","start":5500.792,"end":5500.985}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"USA","affiliation_full":"United States of America","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":5503.107,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=5504","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie la représentante.","start":5503.107,"end":5504.714,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":5503.107,"end":5503.203},{"text":"remercie","start":5503.267,"end":5503.814},{"text":"la","start":5503.91,"end":5504.007},{"text":"représentante.","start":5504.087,"end":5504.714}]},{"text":"I thank the representative of the United States, and I now give the floor to the representative of Greece.","start":5505.036,"end":5509.295,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5505.036,"end":5505.132},{"text":"thank","start":5505.132,"end":5505.437},{"text":"the","start":5505.437,"end":5505.518},{"text":"representative","start":5505.518,"end":5506.177},{"text":"of","start":5506.177,"end":5506.322},{"text":"the","start":5506.322,"end":5506.402},{"text":"United","start":5506.402,"end":5506.723},{"text":"States,","start":5506.723,"end":5507.109},{"text":"and","start":5507.141,"end":5507.286},{"text":"I","start":5507.286,"end":5507.302},{"text":"now","start":5507.302,"end":5507.415},{"text":"give","start":5507.479,"end":5507.688},{"text":"the","start":5507.688,"end":5507.736},{"text":"floor","start":5507.768,"end":5508.106},{"text":"to","start":5508.106,"end":5508.25},{"text":"the","start":5508.266,"end":5508.347},{"text":"representative","start":5508.347,"end":5509.07},{"text":"of","start":5509.07,"end":5509.199},{"text":"Greece.","start":5509.215,"end":5509.295}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":24,"start":5511.257,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=5512","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam President.","start":5511.257,"end":5512.285,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5511.257,"end":5511.498},{"text":"you,","start":5511.498,"end":5511.562},{"text":"Madam","start":5511.578,"end":5511.803},{"text":"President.","start":5511.803,"end":5512.285}]},{"text":"I welcome the presence of the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and thank her for presiding over this meeting.","start":5513.264,"end":5522.364,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5513.264,"end":5513.312},{"text":"welcome","start":5513.344,"end":5513.793},{"text":"the","start":5513.89,"end":5514.098},{"text":"presence","start":5514.291,"end":5514.82},{"text":"of","start":5515.093,"end":5515.238},{"text":"the","start":5515.334,"end":5515.43},{"text":"Minister","start":5515.43,"end":5516.024},{"text":"for","start":5516.056,"end":5516.441},{"text":"Foreign","start":5516.554,"end":5516.971},{"text":"Affairs","start":5516.971,"end":5517.517},{"text":"of","start":5517.597,"end":5517.645},{"text":"the","start":5517.693,"end":5517.806},{"text":"Democratic","start":5517.822,"end":5518.384},{"text":"Republic","start":5518.384,"end":5518.817},{"text":"of","start":5518.865,"end":5518.913},{"text":"the","start":5518.977,"end":5519.122},{"text":"Congo","start":5519.122,"end":5519.523},{"text":"and","start":5519.523,"end":5519.651},{"text":"thank","start":5519.668,"end":5520.069},{"text":"her","start":5520.085,"end":5520.342},{"text":"for","start":5520.952,"end":5521.128},{"text":"presiding","start":5521.128,"end":5521.61},{"text":"over","start":5521.61,"end":5521.786},{"text":"this","start":5521.786,"end":5521.898},{"text":"meeting.","start":5521.995,"end":5522.364}]},{"text":"I would also like to thank the Secretary-General as well as the Director-General of the World Trade Organization for their enlightening briefings.","start":5523.038,"end":5533.214,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5523.038,"end":5523.086},{"text":"would","start":5523.375,"end":5523.552},{"text":"also","start":5523.68,"end":5523.937},{"text":"like","start":5523.937,"end":5524.322},{"text":"to","start":5524.322,"end":5524.563},{"text":"thank","start":5524.563,"end":5524.964},{"text":"the","start":5525.044,"end":5525.157},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5525.157,"end":5526.569},{"text":"as","start":5526.649,"end":5526.714},{"text":"well","start":5526.826,"end":5526.938},{"text":"as","start":5527.002,"end":5527.115},{"text":"the","start":5527.147,"end":5527.372},{"text":"Director-General","start":5527.372,"end":5528.222},{"text":"of","start":5528.351,"end":5528.479},{"text":"the","start":5528.511,"end":5528.656},{"text":"World","start":5528.672,"end":5528.912},{"text":"Trade","start":5528.912,"end":5529.362},{"text":"Organization","start":5529.458,"end":5530.325},{"text":"for","start":5531.464,"end":5531.753},{"text":"their","start":5532.106,"end":5532.235},{"text":"enlightening","start":5532.283,"end":5532.652},{"text":"briefings.","start":5532.684,"end":5533.214}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Natural resources when managed responsibly, are a powerful catalyst for state growth, underpinning national revenues, infrastructure development, and long-term economic development.","start":5533.567,"end":5547.209,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":5533.567,"end":5534.145},{"text":"resources","start":5534.289,"end":5534.979},{"text":"when","start":5535.252,"end":5535.38},{"text":"managed","start":5535.557,"end":5536.199},{"text":"responsibly,","start":5536.199,"end":5537.066},{"text":"are","start":5537.724,"end":5537.772},{"text":"a","start":5537.836,"end":5537.981},{"text":"powerful","start":5537.981,"end":5538.43},{"text":"catalyst","start":5538.542,"end":5539.168},{"text":"for","start":5539.168,"end":5539.345},{"text":"state","start":5539.345,"end":5539.874},{"text":"growth,","start":5539.891,"end":5540.195},{"text":"underpinning","start":5540.693,"end":5541.303},{"text":"national","start":5541.367,"end":5541.929},{"text":"revenues,","start":5541.977,"end":5542.523},{"text":"infrastructure","start":5542.715,"end":5543.727},{"text":"development,","start":5543.999,"end":5544.754},{"text":"and","start":5544.946,"end":5545.043},{"text":"long-term","start":5545.107,"end":5545.685},{"text":"economic","start":5545.765,"end":5546.407},{"text":"development.","start":5546.487,"end":5547.209}]},{"text":"Allow me to emphasize the following points.","start":5548.237,"end":5550.821,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":5548.237,"end":5548.429},{"text":"me","start":5548.574,"end":5548.798},{"text":"to","start":5548.798,"end":5548.879},{"text":"emphasize","start":5548.879,"end":5549.585},{"text":"the","start":5549.697,"end":5549.777},{"text":"following","start":5549.777,"end":5550.227},{"text":"points.","start":5550.259,"end":5550.821}]},{"text":"First, resources are both opportunity and risk.","start":5551.543,"end":5556.294,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5551.543,"end":5552.265},{"text":"resources","start":5552.731,"end":5553.356},{"text":"are","start":5553.453,"end":5553.549},{"text":"both","start":5553.549,"end":5553.838},{"text":"opportunity","start":5554.111,"end":5554.961},{"text":"and","start":5554.994,"end":5555.218},{"text":"risk.","start":5555.218,"end":5556.294}]},{"text":"Critical minerals are the backbone of technological growth, but the race to secure them is colliding with geopolitical tension and climate pressure, raising the stakes for global security.","start":5556.663,"end":5570.454,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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And I welcome your leadership of today's important discussion, and I also want to thank the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the World Trade Organization for their valuable briefings.","start":5693.087,"end":5706.192,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5693.087,"end":5693.313},{"text":"you,","start":5693.313,"end":5693.508},{"text":"Madam","start":5693.654,"end":5693.945},{"text":"President.","start":5693.978,"end":5694.205},{"text":"And","start":5694.736,"end":5694.993},{"text":"I","start":5695.057,"end":5695.089},{"text":"welcome","start":5695.153,"end":5695.522},{"text":"your","start":5695.635,"end":5695.795},{"text":"leadership","start":5695.795,"end":5696.373},{"text":"of","start":5696.421,"end":5696.565},{"text":"today's","start":5696.597,"end":5697.079},{"text":"important","start":5697.143,"end":5697.624},{"text":"discussion,","start":5697.624,"end":5698.154},{"text":"and","start":5698.908,"end":5699.02},{"text":"I","start":5699.02,"end":5699.068},{"text":"also","start":5699.068,"end":5699.293},{"text":"want","start":5699.325,"end":5699.565},{"text":"to","start":5699.565,"end":5699.614},{"text":"thank","start":5699.646,"end":5699.967},{"text":"the","start":5699.967,"end":5700.063},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5700.063,"end":5700.977},{"text":"and","start":5701.394,"end":5701.731},{"text":"the","start":5701.731,"end":5701.876},{"text":"Director-General","start":5701.876,"end":5702.742},{"text":"of","start":5703.256,"end":5703.352},{"text":"the","start":5703.4,"end":5703.48},{"text":"World","start":5703.48,"end":5703.721},{"text":"Trade","start":5703.721,"end":5703.977},{"text":"Organization","start":5703.977,"end":5704.748},{"text":"for","start":5704.86,"end":5705.004},{"text":"their","start":5705.004,"end":5705.117},{"text":"valuable","start":5705.117,"end":5705.566},{"text":"briefings.","start":5705.582,"end":5706.192}]},{"text":"I'll make 3 points.","start":5706.4,"end":5708.069,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'll","start":5706.4,"end":5707.106},{"text":"make","start":5707.106,"end":5707.347},{"text":"3","start":5707.347,"end":5707.587},{"text":"points.","start":5707.587,"end":5708.069}]},{"text":"First, natural resources can be a force for peace, prosperity, and stability, but that only happens when they're underpinned by strong national institutions transparency, and good governance.","start":5708.935,"end":5722.559,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5770.05,"end":5770.336},{"text":"without","start":5770.672,"end":5770.958},{"text":"the","start":5771.026,"end":5771.161},{"text":"right","start":5771.161,"end":5771.379},{"text":"safeguards,","start":5771.43,"end":5771.985},{"text":"natural","start":5772.202,"end":5772.49},{"text":"resources","start":5772.506,"end":5772.891},{"text":"can","start":5772.987,"end":5773.163},{"text":"help","start":5773.163,"end":5773.403},{"text":"sustain","start":5773.403,"end":5773.852},{"text":"armed","start":5773.948,"end":5774.173},{"text":"groups,","start":5774.189,"end":5774.589},{"text":"entrench","start":5775.166,"end":5775.647},{"text":"war","start":5775.647,"end":5775.759},{"text":"economies,","start":5775.807,"end":5776.416},{"text":"and","start":5776.672,"end":5776.929},{"text":"prolong","start":5776.929,"end":5777.297},{"text":"conflict.","start":5777.409,"end":5778.066}]},{"text":"The Kimberley Process demonstrates well that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, that different commodities, supply chains, and operating environments demand different responses, and that's why the United Kingdom, through the British Geological Survey, is partnering with countries around the world to support digitalization and analysis of geological data.","start":5778.996,"end":5799.441,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5811.135,"end":5811.215},{"text":"United","start":5811.215,"end":5811.52},{"text":"Kingdom","start":5811.536,"end":5811.857},{"text":"also","start":5811.937,"end":5812.274},{"text":"uses","start":5812.338,"end":5812.579},{"text":"targeted","start":5812.675,"end":5813.156},{"text":"tools","start":5813.156,"end":5813.445},{"text":"to","start":5813.541,"end":5813.573},{"text":"address","start":5813.573,"end":5814.135},{"text":"security","start":5814.295,"end":5814.808},{"text":"challenges","start":5814.84,"end":5815.29},{"text":"related","start":5815.466,"end":5815.995},{"text":"to","start":5816.108,"end":5816.268},{"text":"natural","start":5816.268,"end":5816.733},{"text":"resource","start":5816.765,"end":5817.086},{"text":"supply","start":5817.086,"end":5817.487},{"text":"chains.","start":5817.487,"end":5817.856}]},{"text":"Last week, for example, the UK delivered new sanctions targeting illicit gold and finance networks playing a key role in sustaining the Sudan conflict.","start":5818.61,"end":5826.999,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Last","start":5818.61,"end":5818.851},{"text":"week,","start":5818.851,"end":5819.091},{"text":"for","start":5819.155,"end":5819.22},{"text":"example,","start":5819.236,"end":5819.717},{"text":"the","start":5819.733,"end":5819.877},{"text":"UK","start":5819.877,"end":5820.134},{"text":"delivered","start":5820.134,"end":5820.519},{"text":"new","start":5820.519,"end":5820.631},{"text":"sanctions","start":5820.631,"end":5821.225},{"text":"targeting","start":5821.257,"end":5821.786},{"text":"illicit","start":5821.818,"end":5822.203},{"text":"gold","start":5822.203,"end":5822.588},{"text":"and","start":5822.941,"end":5823.005},{"text":"finance","start":5823.037,"end":5823.583},{"text":"networks","start":5823.583,"end":5824.144},{"text":"playing","start":5824.144,"end":5824.401},{"text":"a","start":5824.465,"end":5824.545},{"text":"key","start":5824.545,"end":5824.722},{"text":"role","start":5824.85,"end":5825.042},{"text":"in","start":5825.187,"end":5825.235},{"text":"sustaining","start":5825.347,"end":5825.957},{"text":"the","start":5826.069,"end":5826.165},{"text":"Sudan","start":5826.165,"end":5826.502},{"text":"conflict.","start":5826.63,"end":5826.999}]},{"text":"We encourage member states, businesses, and civil society to take pragmatic, evidence-based, and conflict-sensitive approaches so that natural resource extraction best advances development and security.","start":5828.814,"end":5841.25,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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I also thank the Secretary-General as well as the Director-General of the World Trade Organization.","start":5960.582,"end":5967.269,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5960.582,"end":5960.935},{"text":"I","start":5961.191,"end":5961.32},{"text":"also","start":5961.352,"end":5961.544},{"text":"thank","start":5961.592,"end":5961.865},{"text":"the","start":5961.865,"end":5961.945},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5961.945,"end":5963.116},{"text":"as","start":5963.693,"end":5963.853},{"text":"well","start":5963.853,"end":5964.03},{"text":"as","start":5964.03,"end":5964.142},{"text":"the","start":5964.174,"end":5964.415},{"text":"Director-General","start":5964.415,"end":5965.441},{"text":"of","start":5965.473,"end":5965.569},{"text":"the","start":5965.617,"end":5965.746},{"text":"World","start":5965.778,"end":5966.082},{"text":"Trade","start":5966.082,"end":5966.467},{"text":"Organization.","start":5966.499,"end":5967.269}]},{"text":"For their very relevant briefings.","start":5967.686,"end":5969.115,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":5967.686,"end":5967.847},{"text":"their","start":5967.847,"end":5967.943},{"text":"very","start":5968.007,"end":5968.248},{"text":"relevant","start":5968.248,"end":5968.649},{"text":"briefings.","start":5968.649,"end":5969.115}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, in too many parts of the world, the illicit exploitation of natural resources continues to fuel instability.","start":5969.709,"end":5978.616,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6007.73,"end":6007.762},{"text":"Ukraine,","start":6007.762,"end":6008.214},{"text":"Russia","start":6009.118,"end":6009.296},{"text":"continues","start":6009.296,"end":6009.829},{"text":"to","start":6009.861,"end":6009.99},{"text":"plunder","start":6010.023,"end":6010.346},{"text":"and","start":6010.507,"end":6010.588},{"text":"seize","start":6010.588,"end":6010.878},{"text":"natural","start":6010.895,"end":6011.234},{"text":"resources","start":6011.234,"end":6011.767},{"text":"in","start":6011.944,"end":6011.993},{"text":"the","start":6012.041,"end":6012.186},{"text":"occupied","start":6012.186,"end":6012.574},{"text":"territories","start":6012.606,"end":6013.139},{"text":"and","start":6013.559,"end":6013.64},{"text":"destroy","start":6013.64,"end":6013.93},{"text":"Ukraine's","start":6014.043,"end":6014.463},{"text":"natural","start":6014.463,"end":6014.819},{"text":"capital","start":6014.867,"end":6015.319},{"text":"through","start":6015.771,"end":6015.997},{"text":"scorched","start":6015.997,"end":6016.482},{"text":"earth","start":6016.551,"end":6016.789},{"text":"warfare","start":6017.077,"end":6017.416},{"text":"tactics.","start":6017.416,"end":6018.094}]},{"text":"Natural resource governance is a universal and multifaceted challenge.","start":6019.903,"end":6024.67,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Whether","start":6025.962,"end":6026.205},{"text":"endowed","start":6026.221,"end":6026.689},{"text":"with","start":6026.689,"end":6026.786},{"text":"abundance","start":6026.786,"end":6027.643},{"text":"or","start":6027.676,"end":6027.757},{"text":"constrained","start":6027.757,"end":6028.308},{"text":"by","start":6028.308,"end":6028.34},{"text":"scarcity,","start":6028.34,"end":6029.02},{"text":"states","start":6030.527,"end":6030.996},{"text":"face","start":6030.996,"end":6031.191},{"text":"significant","start":6031.466,"end":6032.033},{"text":"challenges","start":6032.033,"end":6032.503},{"text":"in","start":6032.616,"end":6032.665},{"text":"governing","start":6032.762,"end":6033.151},{"text":"natural","start":6033.41,"end":6033.734},{"text":"resources","start":6033.734,"end":6034.285},{"text":"effectively.","start":6034.333,"end":6034.932}]},{"text":"As the demand for critical minerals increases, so do the questions about their true cost to the communities and the environment where they are mined.","start":6036.333,"end":6045.179,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6036.333,"end":6036.462},{"text":"the","start":6036.494,"end":6036.542},{"text":"demand","start":6036.575,"end":6036.93},{"text":"for","start":6036.962,"end":6037.043},{"text":"critical","start":6037.059,"end":6037.446},{"text":"minerals","start":6037.446,"end":6037.834},{"text":"increases,","start":6038.189,"end":6038.802},{"text":"so","start":6039.335,"end":6039.561},{"text":"do","start":6039.561,"end":6039.723},{"text":"the","start":6039.723,"end":6039.884},{"text":"questions","start":6039.884,"end":6040.497},{"text":"about","start":6041.014,"end":6041.321},{"text":"their","start":6041.321,"end":6041.385},{"text":"true","start":6041.498,"end":6041.789},{"text":"cost","start":6041.805,"end":6042.322},{"text":"to","start":6042.386,"end":6042.531},{"text":"the","start":6042.531,"end":6042.628},{"text":"communities","start":6042.628,"end":6043.242},{"text":"and","start":6043.678,"end":6043.742},{"text":"the","start":6043.758,"end":6043.807},{"text":"environment","start":6043.839,"end":6044.533},{"text":"where","start":6044.646,"end":6044.727},{"text":"they","start":6044.727,"end":6044.791},{"text":"are","start":6044.791,"end":6044.888},{"text":"mined.","start":6044.888,"end":6045.179}]},{"text":"And we are all part of the supply chains.","start":6046.516,"end":6048.732,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6046.516,"end":6046.58},{"text":"we","start":6046.661,"end":6046.757},{"text":"are","start":6046.821,"end":6046.982},{"text":"all","start":6046.982,"end":6047.03},{"text":"part","start":6047.159,"end":6047.576},{"text":"of","start":6047.801,"end":6047.897},{"text":"the","start":6047.897,"end":6047.978},{"text":"supply","start":6047.978,"end":6048.363},{"text":"chains.","start":6048.363,"end":6048.732}]},{"text":"We want them to be secure, sustainable, and diversified.","start":6049.953,"end":6053.229,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6049.953,"end":6050.114},{"text":"want","start":6050.114,"end":6050.29},{"text":"them","start":6050.29,"end":6050.419},{"text":"to","start":6050.531,"end":6050.66},{"text":"be","start":6050.676,"end":6050.772},{"text":"secure,","start":6050.772,"end":6051.125},{"text":"sustainable,","start":6051.431,"end":6052.137},{"text":"and","start":6052.459,"end":6052.539},{"text":"diversified.","start":6052.539,"end":6053.229}]},{"text":"Therefore, we also need to contribute to help ensure that natural resources serve peace and sustainable development and do not come at the cost of human dignity.","start":6054.209,"end":6063.187,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":6054.209,"end":6054.466},{"text":"we","start":6054.482,"end":6054.611},{"text":"also","start":6054.771,"end":6055.028},{"text":"need","start":6055.028,"end":6055.269},{"text":"to","start":6055.269,"end":6055.398},{"text":"contribute","start":6055.43,"end":6056.152},{"text":"to","start":6056.152,"end":6056.281},{"text":"help","start":6056.297,"end":6056.618},{"text":"ensure","start":6056.795,"end":6057.261},{"text":"that","start":6057.261,"end":6057.437},{"text":"natural","start":6057.437,"end":6057.758},{"text":"resources","start":6057.758,"end":6058.288},{"text":"serve","start":6058.321,"end":6058.61},{"text":"peace","start":6058.722,"end":6058.931},{"text":"and","start":6059.204,"end":6059.268},{"text":"sustainable","start":6059.284,"end":6059.814},{"text":"development","start":6059.846,"end":6060.601},{"text":"and","start":6060.89,"end":6060.954},{"text":"do","start":6060.971,"end":6061.067},{"text":"not","start":6061.067,"end":6061.356},{"text":"come","start":6061.356,"end":6061.629},{"text":"at","start":6061.854,"end":6061.918},{"text":"the","start":6061.918,"end":6062.014},{"text":"cost","start":6062.014,"end":6062.287},{"text":"of","start":6062.352,"end":6062.464},{"text":"human","start":6062.48,"end":6062.625},{"text":"dignity.","start":6062.737,"end":6063.187}]},{"text":"So, Madam President, I will make 3 points.","start":6064.52,"end":6067.073,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":6064.52,"end":6064.664},{"text":"Madam","start":6064.68,"end":6064.905},{"text":"President,","start":6064.905,"end":6065.291},{"text":"I","start":6065.307,"end":6065.323},{"text":"will","start":6065.387,"end":6065.644},{"text":"make","start":6066.19,"end":6066.367},{"text":"3","start":6066.367,"end":6066.592},{"text":"points.","start":6066.592,"end":6067.073}]},{"text":"First, when natural resources are governed well, communities prosper.","start":6068.342,"end":6073.07,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6068.342,"end":6068.76},{"text":"when","start":6069.788,"end":6069.852},{"text":"natural","start":6069.964,"end":6070.302},{"text":"resources","start":6070.302,"end":6070.816},{"text":"are","start":6070.912,"end":6070.992},{"text":"governed","start":6071.008,"end":6071.49},{"text":"well,","start":6071.554,"end":6071.667},{"text":"communities","start":6072.134,"end":6072.586},{"text":"prosper.","start":6072.699,"end":6073.07}]},{"text":"When governance is corrupt, natural resource exploitation can become a driver of instability and result in human rights abuses and environmental degradation.","start":6074.151,"end":6083.135,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":6074.151,"end":6074.28},{"text":"governance","start":6074.312,"end":6074.812},{"text":"is","start":6074.812,"end":6074.877},{"text":"corrupt,","start":6074.958,"end":6075.28},{"text":"natural","start":6075.829,"end":6076.168},{"text":"resource","start":6076.168,"end":6076.539},{"text":"exploitation","start":6076.813,"end":6077.41},{"text":"can","start":6077.539,"end":6077.652},{"text":"become","start":6077.765,"end":6077.991},{"text":"a","start":6078.023,"end":6078.039},{"text":"driver","start":6078.088,"end":6078.556},{"text":"of","start":6078.588,"end":6078.749},{"text":"instability","start":6078.749,"end":6079.443},{"text":"and","start":6079.54,"end":6079.621},{"text":"result","start":6079.701,"end":6080.137},{"text":"in","start":6080.266,"end":6080.363},{"text":"human","start":6080.363,"end":6080.734},{"text":"rights","start":6080.75,"end":6080.992},{"text":"abuses","start":6080.992,"end":6081.38},{"text":"and","start":6081.58,"end":6081.747},{"text":"environmental","start":6081.747,"end":6082.466},{"text":"degradation.","start":6082.483,"end":6083.135}]},{"text":"Tapestry of international standards, due diligence guidance, certification, and transparency initiatives already exist.","start":6084.82,"end":6092.435,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Tapestry","start":6084.82,"end":6085.142},{"text":"of","start":6085.513,"end":6085.642},{"text":"international","start":6085.642,"end":6086.159},{"text":"standards,","start":6086.159,"end":6086.723},{"text":"due","start":6087.579,"end":6087.756},{"text":"diligence","start":6087.756,"end":6088.224},{"text":"guidance,","start":6088.24,"end":6088.805},{"text":"certification,","start":6088.966,"end":6089.821},{"text":"and","start":6090.096,"end":6090.16},{"text":"transparency","start":6090.176,"end":6090.789},{"text":"initiatives","start":6090.822,"end":6091.435},{"text":"already","start":6091.564,"end":6091.854},{"text":"exist.","start":6091.854,"end":6092.435}]},{"text":"Fragmentation and complexity may be an obstacle to efficiency, but it should not be treated as an excuse.","start":6093.72,"end":6099.478,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fragmentation","start":6093.72,"end":6094.336},{"text":"and","start":6094.336,"end":6094.466},{"text":"complexity","start":6094.482,"end":6095.098},{"text":"may","start":6095.374,"end":6095.601},{"text":"be","start":6095.601,"end":6095.699},{"text":"an","start":6095.699,"end":6095.828},{"text":"obstacle","start":6095.845,"end":6096.331},{"text":"to","start":6096.331,"end":6096.396},{"text":"efficiency,","start":6096.412,"end":6097.045},{"text":"but","start":6097.483,"end":6097.661},{"text":"it","start":6097.661,"end":6097.808},{"text":"should","start":6097.808,"end":6097.97},{"text":"not","start":6097.97,"end":6098.246},{"text":"be","start":6098.278,"end":6098.375},{"text":"treated","start":6098.375,"end":6098.862},{"text":"as","start":6098.943,"end":6098.992},{"text":"an","start":6099.024,"end":6099.105},{"text":"excuse.","start":6099.105,"end":6099.478}]},{"text":"Political will and capacity to implement already existing obligations and commitments should be strengthened.","start":6100.906,"end":6106.765,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Political","start":6100.906,"end":6101.435},{"text":"will","start":6101.467,"end":6101.66},{"text":"and","start":6102.029,"end":6102.093},{"text":"capacity","start":6102.19,"end":6102.719},{"text":"to","start":6102.752,"end":6102.8},{"text":"implement","start":6102.832,"end":6103.522},{"text":"already","start":6103.779,"end":6104.004},{"text":"existing","start":6104.02,"end":6104.405},{"text":"obligations","start":6104.517,"end":6105.127},{"text":"and","start":6105.159,"end":6105.32},{"text":"commitments","start":6105.32,"end":6105.946},{"text":"should","start":6105.946,"end":6106.122},{"text":"be","start":6106.122,"end":6106.219},{"text":"strengthened.","start":6106.219,"end":6106.765}]},{"text":"Coherence, harmonization, and interoperability between the different instruments should be promoted.","start":6107.888,"end":6114.116,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Coherence,","start":6107.888,"end":6108.466},{"text":"harmonization,","start":6108.996,"end":6109.782},{"text":"and","start":6110.457,"end":6110.521},{"text":"interoperability","start":6110.681,"end":6111.709},{"text":"between","start":6111.741,"end":6112.03},{"text":"the","start":6112.062,"end":6112.142},{"text":"different","start":6112.222,"end":6112.608},{"text":"instruments","start":6112.608,"end":6113.169},{"text":"should","start":6113.169,"end":6113.346},{"text":"be","start":6113.346,"end":6113.506},{"text":"promoted.","start":6113.506,"end":6114.116}]},{"text":"That is also true for the tools at the disposal of the Security Council for curbing conflict financing.","start":6114.951,"end":6121.099,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":6114.951,"end":6115.128},{"text":"is","start":6115.128,"end":6115.24},{"text":"also","start":6115.336,"end":6115.513},{"text":"true","start":6115.657,"end":6115.914},{"text":"for","start":6115.914,"end":6116.075},{"text":"the","start":6116.075,"end":6116.235},{"text":"tools","start":6116.235,"end":6116.524},{"text":"at","start":6116.813,"end":6116.893},{"text":"the","start":6116.893,"end":6116.974},{"text":"disposal","start":6116.974,"end":6117.503},{"text":"of","start":6117.52,"end":6117.648},{"text":"the","start":6117.68,"end":6117.76},{"text":"Security","start":6117.76,"end":6118.13},{"text":"Council","start":6118.162,"end":6118.611},{"text":"for","start":6119.687,"end":6119.847},{"text":"curbing","start":6119.847,"end":6120.136},{"text":"conflict","start":6120.168,"end":6120.569},{"text":"financing.","start":6120.569,"end":6121.099}]},{"text":"One such example is targeted sanctions, and it is important to ensure that this tool can be fully utilized when appropriate and necessary, and that these measures are effectively enforced.","start":6121.934,"end":6133.465,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"One","start":6121.934,"end":6122.046},{"text":"such","start":6122.094,"end":6122.303},{"text":"example","start":6122.351,"end":6122.817},{"text":"is","start":6122.817,"end":6122.865},{"text":"targeted","start":6122.897,"end":6123.346},{"text":"sanctions,","start":6123.363,"end":6123.828},{"text":"and","start":6124.904,"end":6124.968},{"text":"it","start":6125.048,"end":6125.209},{"text":"is","start":6125.209,"end":6125.305},{"text":"important","start":6125.305,"end":6125.786},{"text":"to","start":6125.786,"end":6125.835},{"text":"ensure","start":6125.867,"end":6126.268},{"text":"that","start":6126.268,"end":6126.396},{"text":"this","start":6126.428,"end":6126.541},{"text":"tool","start":6126.669,"end":6126.862},{"text":"can","start":6126.99,"end":6127.151},{"text":"be","start":6127.151,"end":6127.263},{"text":"fully","start":6127.456,"end":6127.68},{"text":"utilized","start":6127.776,"end":6128.481},{"text":"when","start":6128.754,"end":6128.866},{"text":"appropriate","start":6128.914,"end":6129.459},{"text":"and","start":6129.459,"end":6129.555},{"text":"necessary,","start":6129.555,"end":6130.164},{"text":"and","start":6130.917,"end":6130.981},{"text":"that","start":6131.061,"end":6131.238},{"text":"these","start":6131.238,"end":6131.446},{"text":"measures","start":6131.494,"end":6131.927},{"text":"are","start":6132.263,"end":6132.311},{"text":"effectively","start":6132.343,"end":6132.824},{"text":"enforced.","start":6132.824,"end":6133.465}]},{"text":"All of this requires multi-stakeholder and international cooperation, as well as readiness to adapt to changing realities.","start":6134.747,"end":6142.343,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":6134.747,"end":6134.795},{"text":"of","start":6134.859,"end":6134.939},{"text":"this","start":6134.987,"end":6135.26},{"text":"requires","start":6135.484,"end":6135.933},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":6136.029,"end":6136.974},{"text":"and","start":6137.327,"end":6137.455},{"text":"international","start":6137.487,"end":6138},{"text":"cooperation,","start":6138.048,"end":6138.657},{"text":"as","start":6139.41,"end":6139.538},{"text":"well","start":6139.57,"end":6139.731},{"text":"as","start":6139.731,"end":6139.859},{"text":"readiness","start":6139.875,"end":6140.372},{"text":"to","start":6140.372,"end":6140.452},{"text":"adapt","start":6140.468,"end":6141.045},{"text":"to","start":6141.173,"end":6141.317},{"text":"changing","start":6141.317,"end":6141.622},{"text":"realities.","start":6141.718,"end":6142.343}]},{"text":"That brings me to my second point.","start":6143.4,"end":6145.82,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":6143.4,"end":6143.497},{"text":"brings","start":6143.497,"end":6143.785},{"text":"me","start":6143.897,"end":6144.859},{"text":"to","start":6144.859,"end":6144.955},{"text":"my","start":6144.955,"end":6145.115},{"text":"second","start":6145.115,"end":6145.468},{"text":"point.","start":6145.5,"end":6145.82}]},{"text":"It is important that governance frameworks remain fit for purpose.","start":6147.198,"end":6150.259,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6147.198,"end":6147.278},{"text":"is","start":6147.326,"end":6147.391},{"text":"important","start":6147.439,"end":6147.839},{"text":"that","start":6147.839,"end":6148.048},{"text":"governance","start":6148.048,"end":6148.528},{"text":"frameworks","start":6148.528,"end":6149.105},{"text":"remain","start":6149.105,"end":6149.394},{"text":"fit","start":6149.426,"end":6149.73},{"text":"for","start":6149.73,"end":6149.81},{"text":"purpose.","start":6149.826,"end":6150.259}]},{"text":"Case in point is the Kimberley Process.","start":6150.948,"end":6153.095,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Case","start":6150.948,"end":6151.14},{"text":"in","start":6151.188,"end":6151.237},{"text":"point","start":6151.349,"end":6151.845},{"text":"is","start":6152.07,"end":6152.118},{"text":"the","start":6152.15,"end":6152.23},{"text":"Kimberley","start":6152.294,"end":6152.631},{"text":"Process.","start":6152.711,"end":6153.095}]},{"text":"Since its launch in 2003, it has been— it has played an important role in curbing the trade of conflict diamonds.","start":6154.009,"end":6161.788,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":6154.009,"end":6154.33},{"text":"its","start":6154.33,"end":6154.539},{"text":"launch","start":6154.539,"end":6155.036},{"text":"in","start":6155.116,"end":6155.164},{"text":"2003,","start":6155.26,"end":6156.094},{"text":"it","start":6157.041,"end":6157.105},{"text":"has","start":6157.105,"end":6157.249},{"text":"been—","start":6157.345,"end":6157.49},{"text":"it","start":6157.746,"end":6157.826},{"text":"has","start":6157.907,"end":6158.051},{"text":"played","start":6158.147,"end":6158.58},{"text":"an","start":6158.644,"end":6158.724},{"text":"important","start":6158.724,"end":6159.27},{"text":"role","start":6159.27,"end":6159.494},{"text":"in","start":6159.607,"end":6159.655},{"text":"curbing","start":6159.767,"end":6160.056},{"text":"the","start":6160.168,"end":6160.312},{"text":"trade","start":6160.312,"end":6160.745},{"text":"of","start":6160.825,"end":6160.938},{"text":"conflict","start":6160.97,"end":6161.403},{"text":"diamonds.","start":6161.403,"end":6161.788}]},{"text":"However, its narrow conflict diamond definition limits ability to address the full spectrum of challenges, including diamonds associated with human rights abuses or different kinds of armed conflict.","start":6162.814,"end":6174.297,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6162.814,"end":6163.263},{"text":"its","start":6163.552,"end":6163.76},{"text":"narrow","start":6163.776,"end":6164.081},{"text":"conflict","start":6164.081,"end":6164.418},{"text":"diamond","start":6164.418,"end":6164.803},{"text":"definition","start":6164.803,"end":6165.332},{"text":"limits","start":6165.765,"end":6166.262},{"text":"ability","start":6166.262,"end":6166.791},{"text":"to","start":6166.807,"end":6166.855},{"text":"address","start":6166.904,"end":6167.192},{"text":"the","start":6167.224,"end":6167.321},{"text":"full","start":6167.369,"end":6167.497},{"text":"spectrum","start":6167.529,"end":6167.994},{"text":"of","start":6168.042,"end":6168.154},{"text":"challenges,","start":6168.17,"end":6168.716},{"text":"including","start":6169.149,"end":6169.566},{"text":"diamonds","start":6169.63,"end":6170.079},{"text":"associated","start":6170.271,"end":6170.881},{"text":"with","start":6170.913,"end":6171.073},{"text":"human","start":6171.073,"end":6171.33},{"text":"rights","start":6171.394,"end":6171.635},{"text":"abuses","start":6171.635,"end":6172.084},{"text":"or","start":6172.741,"end":6172.773},{"text":"different","start":6172.773,"end":6173.126},{"text":"kinds","start":6173.158,"end":6173.415},{"text":"of","start":6173.415,"end":6173.543},{"text":"armed","start":6173.543,"end":6173.735},{"text":"conflict.","start":6173.784,"end":6174.297}]},{"text":"It has not been able, for instance, to address how Russia's diamonds are funding its war of aggression against Ukraine.","start":6175.58,"end":6181.845,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6175.58,"end":6175.66},{"text":"has","start":6175.66,"end":6175.852},{"text":"not","start":6175.949,"end":6176.317},{"text":"been","start":6176.366,"end":6176.59},{"text":"able,","start":6176.59,"end":6176.831},{"text":"for","start":6176.847,"end":6176.991},{"text":"instance,","start":6177.007,"end":6177.408},{"text":"to","start":6177.488,"end":6177.536},{"text":"address","start":6177.552,"end":6177.953},{"text":"how","start":6177.953,"end":6178.082},{"text":"Russia's","start":6178.13,"end":6178.45},{"text":"diamonds","start":6178.45,"end":6178.867},{"text":"are","start":6179.158,"end":6179.256},{"text":"funding","start":6179.256,"end":6179.628},{"text":"its","start":6179.984,"end":6180.081},{"text":"war","start":6180.146,"end":6180.486},{"text":"of","start":6180.567,"end":6180.712},{"text":"aggression","start":6180.712,"end":6181.117},{"text":"against","start":6181.117,"end":6181.425},{"text":"Ukraine.","start":6181.425,"end":6181.845}]},{"text":"The modern gold rush also deserves a closer examination.","start":6183.46,"end":6186.688,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6183.46,"end":6183.492},{"text":"modern","start":6183.492,"end":6183.782},{"text":"gold","start":6183.815,"end":6184.121},{"text":"rush","start":6184.121,"end":6184.25},{"text":"also","start":6184.686,"end":6185.009},{"text":"deserves","start":6185.009,"end":6185.348},{"text":"a","start":6185.348,"end":6185.413},{"text":"closer","start":6185.413,"end":6185.881},{"text":"examination.","start":6185.994,"end":6186.688}]},{"text":"Not uniquely, but discrepancies in production and trade statistics in certain countries raise concerns that gold is being sourced through illicit supply chains, including from conflict-affected areas.","start":6187.269,"end":6199.301,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Not","start":6187.269,"end":6187.398},{"text":"uniquely,","start":6187.447,"end":6187.899},{"text":"but","start":6188.335,"end":6188.496},{"text":"discrepancies","start":6188.496,"end":6189.271},{"text":"in","start":6189.707,"end":6189.852},{"text":"production","start":6189.852,"end":6190.32},{"text":"and","start":6190.369,"end":6190.498},{"text":"trade","start":6190.498,"end":6190.724},{"text":"statistics","start":6190.74,"end":6191.499},{"text":"in","start":6191.563,"end":6191.595},{"text":"certain","start":6191.644,"end":6191.983},{"text":"countries","start":6192.047,"end":6192.499},{"text":"raise","start":6192.856,"end":6193.066},{"text":"concerns","start":6193.099,"end":6193.633},{"text":"that","start":6193.908,"end":6194.07},{"text":"gold","start":6194.07,"end":6194.329},{"text":"is","start":6194.329,"end":6194.443},{"text":"being","start":6194.475,"end":6194.605},{"text":"sourced","start":6194.702,"end":6195.333},{"text":"through","start":6195.366,"end":6195.674},{"text":"illicit","start":6195.835,"end":6196.192},{"text":"supply","start":6196.192,"end":6196.58},{"text":"chains,","start":6196.58,"end":6197.034},{"text":"including","start":6197.374,"end":6197.763},{"text":"from","start":6197.86,"end":6198.038},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":6198.038,"end":6198.929},{"text":"areas.","start":6198.929,"end":6199.301}]},{"text":"I already mentioned Sudan, where an insatiable external demand for gold generates revenue for both parties to the conflict that have caused unspeakable suffering.","start":6200.289,"end":6210.673,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6200.289,"end":6200.305},{"text":"already","start":6200.321,"end":6200.548},{"text":"mentioned","start":6200.548,"end":6200.84},{"text":"Sudan,","start":6200.84,"end":6201.163},{"text":"where","start":6202.231,"end":6202.49},{"text":"an","start":6202.49,"end":6202.539},{"text":"insatiable","start":6202.798,"end":6203.413},{"text":"external","start":6203.639,"end":6204.109},{"text":"demand","start":6204.109,"end":6204.481},{"text":"for","start":6204.497,"end":6204.594},{"text":"gold","start":6204.594,"end":6204.967},{"text":"generates","start":6205.226,"end":6205.663},{"text":"revenue","start":6205.711,"end":6206.1},{"text":"for","start":6206.356,"end":6206.516},{"text":"both","start":6206.532,"end":6206.661},{"text":"parties","start":6206.773,"end":6207.142},{"text":"to","start":6207.174,"end":6207.271},{"text":"the","start":6207.271,"end":6207.415},{"text":"conflict","start":6207.415,"end":6208.089},{"text":"that","start":6208.218,"end":6208.458},{"text":"have","start":6208.458,"end":6208.667},{"text":"caused","start":6209.084,"end":6209.405},{"text":"unspeakable","start":6209.421,"end":6210.031},{"text":"suffering.","start":6210.304,"end":6210.673}]},{"text":"Being notoriously hard to trace, gold trade is also increasingly associated with organized crime networks, which are seeking to gain control over extraction sites, trade routes, and refining infrastructure.","start":6211.733,"end":6223.85,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Being","start":6211.733,"end":6211.877},{"text":"notoriously","start":6211.909,"end":6212.487},{"text":"hard","start":6212.535,"end":6212.776},{"text":"to","start":6212.776,"end":6212.872},{"text":"trace,","start":6212.872,"end":6213.161},{"text":"gold","start":6213.996,"end":6214.236},{"text":"trade","start":6214.236,"end":6214.638},{"text":"is","start":6214.718,"end":6214.766},{"text":"also","start":6214.862,"end":6215.103},{"text":"increasingly","start":6215.103,"end":6215.681},{"text":"associated","start":6215.681,"end":6216.419},{"text":"with","start":6216.467,"end":6216.564},{"text":"organized","start":6216.564,"end":6217.013},{"text":"crime","start":6217.045,"end":6217.27},{"text":"networks,","start":6217.286,"end":6217.928},{"text":"which","start":6218.49,"end":6218.618},{"text":"are","start":6218.714,"end":6218.746},{"text":"seeking","start":6218.746,"end":6219.099},{"text":"to","start":6219.212,"end":6219.292},{"text":"gain","start":6219.292,"end":6219.501},{"text":"control","start":6219.533,"end":6219.886},{"text":"over","start":6220.175,"end":6220.48},{"text":"extraction","start":6220.48,"end":6220.865},{"text":"sites,","start":6220.961,"end":6221.379},{"text":"trade","start":6221.619,"end":6221.94},{"text":"routes,","start":6221.94,"end":6222.197},{"text":"and","start":6222.582,"end":6222.647},{"text":"refining","start":6222.663,"end":6223.08},{"text":"infrastructure.","start":6223.144,"end":6223.85}]},{"text":"It exposes vulnerable communities to violence and exploitation.","start":6224.605,"end":6228.007,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6224.605,"end":6224.685},{"text":"exposes","start":6224.733,"end":6225.279},{"text":"vulnerable","start":6225.455,"end":6225.857},{"text":"communities","start":6225.873,"end":6226.45},{"text":"to","start":6226.515,"end":6226.595},{"text":"violence","start":6226.595,"end":6227.157},{"text":"and","start":6227.237,"end":6227.301},{"text":"exploitation.","start":6227.381,"end":6228.007}]},{"text":"Unchecked, these trends can be detrimental to stability.","start":6228.601,"end":6231.859,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unchecked,","start":6228.601,"end":6229.163},{"text":"these","start":6229.548,"end":6229.692},{"text":"trends","start":6229.789,"end":6230.126},{"text":"can","start":6230.206,"end":6230.334},{"text":"be","start":6230.367,"end":6230.511},{"text":"detrimental","start":6230.511,"end":6231.057},{"text":"to","start":6231.089,"end":6231.233},{"text":"stability.","start":6231.233,"end":6231.859}]},{"text":"Third, we appreciate that the presidency has also highlighted the impact of climate change for this discussion.","start":6233.174,"end":6239.396,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":6233.174,"end":6233.463},{"text":"we","start":6234.537,"end":6234.618},{"text":"appreciate","start":6234.618,"end":6235.099},{"text":"that","start":6235.099,"end":6235.259},{"text":"the","start":6235.259,"end":6235.339},{"text":"presidency","start":6235.339,"end":6235.949},{"text":"has","start":6235.965,"end":6236.109},{"text":"also","start":6236.141,"end":6236.381},{"text":"highlighted","start":6236.526,"end":6237.023},{"text":"the","start":6237.023,"end":6237.167},{"text":"impact","start":6237.183,"end":6237.6},{"text":"of","start":6237.6,"end":6237.68},{"text":"climate","start":6237.729,"end":6238.065},{"text":"change","start":6238.065,"end":6238.466},{"text":"for","start":6238.61,"end":6238.707},{"text":"this","start":6238.707,"end":6238.867},{"text":"discussion.","start":6238.867,"end":6239.396}]},{"text":"Indeed, climate change is increasing pressure on natural resources, exacerbating already existing vulnerabilities in conflict-affected settings.","start":6240.535,"end":6248.858,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6249.836,"end":6249.932},{"text":"instance,","start":6249.932,"end":6250.333},{"text":"competition","start":6250.477,"end":6250.942},{"text":"over","start":6251.038,"end":6251.231},{"text":"scarce","start":6251.231,"end":6251.68},{"text":"water","start":6251.76,"end":6252.017},{"text":"resources","start":6252.017,"end":6252.626},{"text":"or","start":6252.818,"end":6252.899},{"text":"pasture","start":6252.899,"end":6253.316},{"text":"during","start":6253.316,"end":6253.588},{"text":"transhumance","start":6253.7,"end":6254.31},{"text":"creates","start":6254.887,"end":6255.176},{"text":"intercommunal","start":6255.288,"end":6255.929},{"text":"tensions","start":6256.01,"end":6257.276},{"text":"that","start":6257.469,"end":6257.629},{"text":"can","start":6257.629,"end":6257.758},{"text":"erupt","start":6257.854,"end":6258.11},{"text":"in","start":6258.11,"end":6258.158},{"text":"violence.","start":6258.255,"end":6258.559}]},{"text":"And it is important to build resilience of affected communities, including through climate-sensitive mediation that accounts for competition for natural resources.","start":6259.876,"end":6268.359,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6259.876,"end":6259.941},{"text":"it","start":6259.973,"end":6260.117},{"text":"is","start":6260.117,"end":6260.166},{"text":"important","start":6260.262,"end":6260.744},{"text":"to","start":6260.744,"end":6260.792},{"text":"build","start":6260.84,"end":6261.065},{"text":"resilience","start":6261.065,"end":6261.644},{"text":"of","start":6261.644,"end":6261.74},{"text":"affected","start":6261.74,"end":6262.174},{"text":"communities,","start":6262.206,"end":6262.897},{"text":"including","start":6263.17,"end":6263.62},{"text":"through","start":6263.652,"end":6263.86},{"text":"climate-sensitive","start":6263.877,"end":6265.017},{"text":"mediation","start":6265.033,"end":6265.692},{"text":"that","start":6265.82,"end":6265.981},{"text":"accounts","start":6265.981,"end":6266.367},{"text":"for","start":6266.367,"end":6266.463},{"text":"competition","start":6266.463,"end":6267.073},{"text":"for","start":6267.33,"end":6267.395},{"text":"natural","start":6267.395,"end":6267.812},{"text":"resources.","start":6267.812,"end":6268.359}]},{"text":"The UN system has the insight and experience to accompany these communities on this journey.","start":6269.274,"end":6274.913,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6269.274,"end":6269.419},{"text":"UN","start":6269.419,"end":6269.563},{"text":"system","start":6269.66,"end":6270.126},{"text":"has","start":6270.463,"end":6270.608},{"text":"the","start":6270.704,"end":6270.784},{"text":"insight","start":6270.865,"end":6271.347},{"text":"and","start":6271.347,"end":6271.443},{"text":"experience","start":6271.443,"end":6272.102},{"text":"to","start":6272.391,"end":6272.535},{"text":"accompany","start":6272.567,"end":6273.098},{"text":"these","start":6273.435,"end":6273.58},{"text":"communities","start":6273.676,"end":6274.222},{"text":"on","start":6274.335,"end":6274.383},{"text":"this","start":6274.415,"end":6274.576},{"text":"journey.","start":6274.576,"end":6274.913}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Madam President, the overarching principle is clear: natural resources should contribute to peace and development, not perpetuate violence and conflict.","start":6276.086,"end":6285.917,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Your Excellencies, we convey our greetings to the ministers, the high authorities, and the representatives of delegations who honor us with their participation in this important high-level 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value the interesting briefings that they— that the Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, provided, as well as Ms. Ngozi Nkong'o-Iweala, the Director-General of the World Trade 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like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo, particularly Her Excellency Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner, for convening us to a discussion which doesn't only belong to the present but rather to the very future of the international 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today we are not only gathered to discuss natural resources.","start":6368.669,"end":6373.398,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":6368.669,"end":6368.959},{"text":"today","start":6369.218,"end":6369.589},{"text":"we","start":6370.105,"end":6370.283},{"text":"are","start":6370.283,"end":6370.315},{"text":"not","start":6370.315,"end":6370.477},{"text":"only","start":6370.67,"end":6370.896},{"text":"gathered","start":6371.009,"end":6371.477},{"text":"to","start":6371.574,"end":6371.784},{"text":"discuss","start":6371.897,"end":6372.446},{"text":"natural","start":6372.446,"end":6372.785},{"text":"resources.","start":6372.785,"end":6373.398}]},{"text":"We are meeting to ponder a more far-reaching question: will the world be capable of governing what it needs for its own survival?","start":6374.382,"end":6388,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6374.382,"end":6374.544},{"text":"are","start":6374.56,"end":6374.705},{"text":"meeting","start":6374.705,"end":6375.012},{"text":"to","start":6375.351,"end":6375.577},{"text":"ponder","start":6377.062,"end":6377.562},{"text":"a","start":6378.756,"end":6378.837},{"text":"more","start":6378.837,"end":6378.998},{"text":"far-reaching","start":6378.998,"end":6379.772},{"text":"question:","start":6379.869,"end":6380.337},{"text":"will","start":6381.805,"end":6381.934},{"text":"the","start":6382.209,"end":6382.273},{"text":"world","start":6382.37,"end":6382.838},{"text":"be","start":6382.87,"end":6383.112},{"text":"capable","start":6383.112,"end":6383.709},{"text":"of","start":6383.983,"end":6384.129},{"text":"governing","start":6384.548,"end":6385.016},{"text":"what","start":6385.758,"end":6385.936},{"text":"it","start":6385.952,"end":6386.178},{"text":"needs","start":6386.178,"end":6386.63},{"text":"for","start":6386.823,"end":6386.984},{"text":"its","start":6386.984,"end":6387.21},{"text":"own","start":6387.21,"end":6387.258},{"text":"survival?","start":6387.323,"end":6388}]},{"text":"For a long time, we regarded natural resources as an economic matter.","start":6389.951,"end":6394.289,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6389.951,"end":6390.048},{"text":"a","start":6390.048,"end":6390.113},{"text":"long","start":6390.113,"end":6390.258},{"text":"time,","start":6390.371,"end":6390.919},{"text":"we","start":6391.08,"end":6391.241},{"text":"regarded","start":6391.241,"end":6391.709},{"text":"natural","start":6391.741,"end":6392.144},{"text":"resources","start":6392.144,"end":6392.757},{"text":"as","start":6392.934,"end":6393.16},{"text":"an","start":6393.418,"end":6393.483},{"text":"economic","start":6393.515,"end":6394.224},{"text":"matter.","start":6394.224,"end":6394.289}]},{"text":"But the 21st century is forcing us to understand them 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6740.774,"end":6741.014},{"text":"President,","start":6741.014,"end":6741.655},{"text":"history","start":6742.136,"end":6742.665},{"text":"has","start":6742.761,"end":6742.906},{"text":"shown","start":6742.938,"end":6743.451},{"text":"that","start":6743.659,"end":6743.931},{"text":"natural","start":6743.963,"end":6744.412},{"text":"resources","start":6744.46,"end":6745.15},{"text":"Minerals","start":6745.15,"end":6745.558},{"text":"can","start":6745.558,"end":6745.639},{"text":"finance","start":6745.737,"end":6746.325},{"text":"wars,","start":6746.488,"end":6746.945},{"text":"but","start":6747.631,"end":6747.908},{"text":"they","start":6748.202,"end":6748.349},{"text":"can","start":6748.349,"end":6748.479},{"text":"also","start":6748.528,"end":6748.92},{"text":"finance","start":6748.92,"end":6749.361},{"text":"peace.","start":6749.426,"end":6749.72}]},{"text":"They can sustain criminal economies, or they can strengthen the rule of law.","start":6750.85,"end":6754.818,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6750.85,"end":6750.898},{"text":"can","start":6750.898,"end":6750.98},{"text":"sustain","start":6750.98,"end":6751.435},{"text":"criminal","start":6751.679,"end":6752.037},{"text":"economies,","start":6752.037,"end":6752.557},{"text":"or","start":6753.143,"end":6753.322},{"text":"they","start":6753.322,"end":6753.484},{"text":"can","start":6753.484,"end":6753.647},{"text":"strengthen","start":6753.647,"end":6754.184},{"text":"the","start":6754.216,"end":6754.297},{"text":"rule","start":6754.297,"end":6754.411},{"text":"of","start":6754.541,"end":6754.672},{"text":"law.","start":6754.688,"end":6754.818}]},{"text":"They can become a driver of conflict if they are governed with greed, but they can also become a driver of stability and development if they are governed responsibly.","start":6756.27,"end":6767.867,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6756.27,"end":6756.334},{"text":"can","start":6756.382,"end":6756.527},{"text":"become","start":6756.607,"end":6757.105},{"text":"a","start":6757.105,"end":6757.282},{"text":"driver","start":6757.411,"end":6757.957},{"text":"of","start":6758.134,"end":6758.359},{"text":"conflict","start":6758.391,"end":6759.114},{"text":"if","start":6759.179,"end":6759.339},{"text":"they","start":6759.436,"end":6759.629},{"text":"are","start":6759.902,"end":6759.998},{"text":"governed","start":6759.998,"end":6760.464},{"text":"with","start":6760.464,"end":6760.625},{"text":"greed,","start":6760.641,"end":6761.204},{"text":"but","start":6761.686,"end":6761.847},{"text":"they","start":6761.847,"end":6761.991},{"text":"can","start":6761.991,"end":6762.168},{"text":"also","start":6762.168,"end":6762.49},{"text":"become","start":6762.49,"end":6762.859},{"text":"a","start":6762.908,"end":6763.036},{"text":"driver","start":6763.036,"end":6763.502},{"text":"of","start":6763.518,"end":6763.631},{"text":"stability","start":6763.631,"end":6764.322},{"text":"and","start":6764.322,"end":6764.418},{"text":"development","start":6764.418,"end":6765.029},{"text":"if","start":6765.612,"end":6765.758},{"text":"they","start":6766.034,"end":6766.278},{"text":"are","start":6766.423,"end":6766.586},{"text":"governed","start":6766.586,"end":6767.056},{"text":"responsibly.","start":6767.17,"end":6767.867}]},{"text":"And this is Panama's appeal today.","start":6769.744,"end":6771.876,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6769.744,"end":6770.056},{"text":"this","start":6770.056,"end":6770.187},{"text":"is","start":6770.466,"end":6770.532},{"text":"Panama's","start":6770.646,"end":6771.155},{"text":"appeal","start":6771.155,"end":6771.499},{"text":"today.","start":6771.614,"end":6771.876}]},{"text":"That the Security Council view natural resources not as a peripheral issue, but rather as one of the major governance challenges of the 21st century.","start":6773.35,"end":6783.027,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":6773.35,"end":6773.69},{"text":"the","start":6773.9,"end":6773.997},{"text":"Security","start":6773.997,"end":6774.629},{"text":"Council","start":6774.629,"end":6775.196},{"text":"view","start":6775.196,"end":6775.617},{"text":"natural","start":6775.86,"end":6776.346},{"text":"resources","start":6776.346,"end":6777.042},{"text":"not","start":6777.074,"end":6777.253},{"text":"as","start":6777.253,"end":6777.366},{"text":"a","start":6777.463,"end":6777.625},{"text":"peripheral","start":6777.625,"end":6778.176},{"text":"issue,","start":6778.289,"end":6778.791},{"text":"but","start":6778.921,"end":6779.099},{"text":"rather","start":6779.099,"end":6779.471},{"text":"as","start":6779.52,"end":6779.633},{"text":"one","start":6779.666,"end":6779.795},{"text":"of","start":6779.828,"end":6779.925},{"text":"the","start":6779.973,"end":6780.184},{"text":"major","start":6780.313,"end":6780.799},{"text":"governance","start":6780.961,"end":6781.398},{"text":"challenges","start":6781.512,"end":6781.852},{"text":"of","start":6781.852,"end":6781.916},{"text":"the","start":6781.916,"end":6782.013},{"text":"21st","start":6782.013,"end":6782.528},{"text":"century.","start":6782.576,"end":6783.027}]},{"text":"It's not about holding up development.","start":6784.589,"end":6786.667,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":6784.589,"end":6784.734},{"text":"not","start":6784.734,"end":6784.847},{"text":"about","start":6784.847,"end":6785.024},{"text":"holding","start":6785.137,"end":6785.491},{"text":"up","start":6785.556,"end":6785.717},{"text":"development.","start":6785.733,"end":6786.667}]},{"text":"It's about asking ourselves what type of development deserves to be called progress.","start":6786.828,"end":6791.807,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":6786.828,"end":6787.005},{"text":"about","start":6787.005,"end":6787.504},{"text":"asking","start":6787.955,"end":6788.342},{"text":"ourselves","start":6788.374,"end":6788.793},{"text":"what","start":6788.922,"end":6789.179},{"text":"type","start":6789.179,"end":6789.582},{"text":"of","start":6789.582,"end":6789.678},{"text":"development","start":6789.727,"end":6790.274},{"text":"deserves","start":6790.387,"end":6790.806},{"text":"to","start":6790.806,"end":6790.935},{"text":"be","start":6790.935,"end":6791.031},{"text":"called","start":6791.08,"end":6791.322},{"text":"progress.","start":6791.354,"end":6791.807}]},{"text":"It's not about choosing between the economy or peace.","start":6792.503,"end":6795.608,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":6792.503,"end":6792.632},{"text":"not","start":6792.632,"end":6792.745},{"text":"about","start":6792.745,"end":6793.004},{"text":"choosing","start":6793.117,"end":6793.586},{"text":"between","start":6793.7,"end":6794.153},{"text":"the","start":6794.428,"end":6794.573},{"text":"economy","start":6794.573,"end":6795.042},{"text":"or","start":6795.155,"end":6795.317},{"text":"peace.","start":6795.317,"end":6795.608}]},{"text":"It's about understanding that without peace, no economy is viable, and without an economy, no peace is sustainable.","start":6796.126,"end":6803.285,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":6796.126,"end":6796.223},{"text":"about","start":6796.223,"end":6796.514},{"text":"understanding","start":6796.595,"end":6797.226},{"text":"that","start":6797.258,"end":6797.355},{"text":"without","start":6797.42,"end":6797.695},{"text":"peace,","start":6797.824,"end":6798.115},{"text":"no","start":6798.309,"end":6798.439},{"text":"economy","start":6798.487,"end":6799.005},{"text":"is","start":6799.037,"end":6799.118},{"text":"viable,","start":6799.183,"end":6799.684},{"text":"and","start":6800.008,"end":6800.072},{"text":"without","start":6800.153,"end":6800.415},{"text":"an","start":6800.415,"end":6800.52},{"text":"economy,","start":6800.573,"end":6801.084},{"text":"no","start":6801.472,"end":6801.649},{"text":"peace","start":6801.873,"end":6802.162},{"text":"is","start":6802.499,"end":6802.563},{"text":"sustainable.","start":6802.611,"end":6803.285}]},{"text":"Panama stands ready to work with all members of the Council, with producing states, with regional organizations, the private sector, and with civil society to advance towards this aim.","start":6804.601,"end":6816.81,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Panama","start":6804.601,"end":6804.938},{"text":"stands","start":6805.098,"end":6805.451},{"text":"ready","start":6805.483,"end":6805.772},{"text":"to","start":6805.804,"end":6805.932},{"text":"work","start":6805.964,"end":6806.285},{"text":"with","start":6806.349,"end":6806.574},{"text":"all","start":6806.75,"end":6806.895},{"text":"members","start":6806.943,"end":6807.344},{"text":"of","start":6807.344,"end":6807.456},{"text":"the","start":6807.488,"end":6807.633},{"text":"Council,","start":6807.633,"end":6808.227},{"text":"with","start":6808.756,"end":6809.029},{"text":"producing","start":6809.077,"end":6809.622},{"text":"states,","start":6809.654,"end":6810.216},{"text":"with","start":6810.36,"end":6810.489},{"text":"regional","start":6810.601,"end":6811.082},{"text":"organizations,","start":6811.082,"end":6811.949},{"text":"the","start":6812.382,"end":6812.462},{"text":"private","start":6812.462,"end":6812.879},{"text":"sector,","start":6812.879,"end":6813.441},{"text":"and","start":6813.649,"end":6813.746},{"text":"with","start":6813.746,"end":6813.906},{"text":"civil","start":6813.906,"end":6814.163},{"text":"society","start":6814.163,"end":6814.837},{"text":"to","start":6815.286,"end":6815.398},{"text":"advance","start":6815.446,"end":6815.992},{"text":"towards","start":6815.992,"end":6816.361},{"text":"this","start":6816.457,"end":6816.521},{"text":"aim.","start":6816.698,"end":6816.81}]},{"text":"Because in the end, the question is not whether the world needs natural resources.","start":6817.676,"end":6823.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":6817.676,"end":6817.965},{"text":"in","start":6818.318,"end":6818.398},{"text":"the","start":6818.398,"end":6818.559},{"text":"end,","start":6818.559,"end":6818.815},{"text":"the","start":6819.361,"end":6819.505},{"text":"question","start":6819.505,"end":6820.051},{"text":"is","start":6820.163,"end":6820.292},{"text":"not","start":6820.34,"end":6820.677},{"text":"whether","start":6820.725,"end":6821.174},{"text":"the","start":6821.206,"end":6821.286},{"text":"world","start":6821.35,"end":6821.768},{"text":"needs","start":6821.768,"end":6822.313},{"text":"natural","start":6822.425,"end":6822.778},{"text":"resources.","start":6822.891,"end":6823.5}]},{"text":"The question is whether we will have the vision, determination, and leadership to govern responsibly that which our common future depends on.","start":6824.399,"end":6835.337,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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you very much.","start":6835.755,"end":6836.254,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6835.755,"end":6835.9},{"text":"you","start":6835.9,"end":6835.981},{"text":"very","start":6835.981,"end":6836.077},{"text":"much.","start":6836.077,"end":6836.254}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PAN","affiliation_full":"Panama","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":6839.019,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=6840","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Panama, and I now give the floor to the representative of China.","start":6839.019,"end":6845.507,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6839.019,"end":6839.149},{"text":"thank","start":6839.197,"end":6839.505},{"text":"the","start":6839.505,"end":6839.747},{"text":"representative","start":6839.747,"end":6840.799},{"text":"of","start":6840.88,"end":6841.042},{"text":"Panama,","start":6841.139,"end":6841.495},{"text":"and","start":6842.498,"end":6842.741},{"text":"I","start":6842.757,"end":6842.805},{"text":"now","start":6842.838,"end":6843.032},{"text":"give","start":6843.161,"end":6843.372},{"text":"the","start":6843.42,"end":6843.501},{"text":"floor","start":6843.55,"end":6843.76},{"text":"to","start":6843.889,"end":6844.229},{"text":"the","start":6844.375,"end":6844.456},{"text":"representative","start":6844.456,"end":6845.038},{"text":"of","start":6845.038,"end":6845.151},{"text":"China.","start":6845.168,"end":6845.507}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":6849.328,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=6850","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, I welcome Her Excellency Minister of Foreign Affairs Cao Yuanbao to chair today's meeting and thank Secretary-General Guterres, Thank you, Mr. President, and Director-General Evila for their briefings.","start":6849.328,"end":6862.302,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6849.328,"end":6849.571},{"text":"President,","start":6849.571,"end":6850.155},{"text":"I","start":6851.273,"end":6851.322},{"text":"welcome","start":6851.451,"end":6851.905},{"text":"Her","start":6852.019,"end":6852.278},{"text":"Excellency","start":6852.327,"end":6852.927},{"text":"Minister","start":6852.927,"end":6853.461},{"text":"of","start":6853.461,"end":6853.494},{"text":"Foreign","start":6853.494,"end":6853.737},{"text":"Affairs","start":6853.737,"end":6854.175},{"text":"Cao","start":6854.272,"end":6854.369},{"text":"Yuanbao","start":6854.385,"end":6854.775},{"text":"to","start":6854.856,"end":6855.001},{"text":"chair","start":6855.001,"end":6855.261},{"text":"today's","start":6855.261,"end":6855.601},{"text":"meeting","start":6855.601,"end":6855.877},{"text":"and","start":6855.909,"end":6855.958},{"text":"thank","start":6855.958,"end":6856.023},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":6856.023,"end":6856.671},{"text":"Guterres,","start":6856.671,"end":6856.801},{"text":"Thank","start":6858.77,"end":6859.187},{"text":"you,","start":6859.203,"end":6859.251},{"text":"Mr.","start":6859.315,"end":6859.572},{"text":"President,","start":6859.717,"end":6859.974},{"text":"and","start":6859.99,"end":6860.134},{"text":"Director-General","start":6860.231,"end":6861.114},{"text":"Evila","start":6861.114,"end":6861.531},{"text":"for","start":6861.531,"end":6861.692},{"text":"their","start":6861.692,"end":6861.836},{"text":"briefings.","start":6861.836,"end":6862.302}]},{"text":"Natural resources are precious gifts from the Earth to mankind, the material foundation for human survival and continuous economic and social development.","start":6863.137,"end":6871.711,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":6863.137,"end":6863.442},{"text":"resources","start":6863.442,"end":6864.068},{"text":"are","start":6864.197,"end":6864.325},{"text":"precious","start":6864.325,"end":6864.71},{"text":"gifts","start":6864.807,"end":6865.208},{"text":"from","start":6865.208,"end":6865.305},{"text":"the","start":6865.321,"end":6865.449},{"text":"Earth","start":6865.465,"end":6865.658},{"text":"to","start":6865.706,"end":6865.834},{"text":"mankind,","start":6865.834,"end":6866.477},{"text":"the","start":6866.99,"end":6867.071},{"text":"material","start":6867.071,"end":6867.536},{"text":"foundation","start":6867.536,"end":6868.002},{"text":"for","start":6868.179,"end":6868.387},{"text":"human","start":6868.452,"end":6868.709},{"text":"survival","start":6868.709,"end":6869.399},{"text":"and","start":6869.399,"end":6869.479},{"text":"continuous","start":6869.543,"end":6870.154},{"text":"economic","start":6870.282,"end":6870.603},{"text":"and","start":6870.667,"end":6870.748},{"text":"social","start":6870.764,"end":6871.149},{"text":"development.","start":6871.149,"end":6871.711}]},{"text":"However, conflicts in some regions demonstrate that resources abundance does not automatically lead to development and prosperity, and poor governance can induce and fuel violence and disputes.","start":6872.193,"end":6884.219,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6872.193,"end":6872.707},{"text":"conflicts","start":6872.771,"end":6873.333},{"text":"in","start":6873.413,"end":6873.461},{"text":"some","start":6874.055,"end":6874.216},{"text":"regions","start":6874.296,"end":6874.714},{"text":"demonstrate","start":6874.858,"end":6875.404},{"text":"that","start":6875.404,"end":6875.757},{"text":"resources","start":6876.287,"end":6876.833},{"text":"abundance","start":6876.881,"end":6877.411},{"text":"does","start":6877.411,"end":6877.524},{"text":"not","start":6877.588,"end":6877.829},{"text":"automatically","start":6877.829,"end":6878.439},{"text":"lead","start":6878.471,"end":6878.599},{"text":"to","start":6878.696,"end":6878.937},{"text":"development","start":6878.937,"end":6879.434},{"text":"and","start":6879.434,"end":6879.515},{"text":"prosperity,","start":6879.515,"end":6880.205},{"text":"and","start":6880.783,"end":6880.879},{"text":"poor","start":6880.879,"end":6881.136},{"text":"governance","start":6881.265,"end":6881.859},{"text":"can","start":6881.907,"end":6882.036},{"text":"induce","start":6882.148,"end":6882.614},{"text":"and","start":6882.71,"end":6882.774},{"text":"fuel","start":6882.806,"end":6883.272},{"text":"violence","start":6883.288,"end":6883.85},{"text":"and","start":6883.85,"end":6883.93},{"text":"disputes.","start":6883.93,"end":6884.219}]},{"text":"The international community should join hands to strengthen the governance of natural resources, maintain the stability of global resource supply chain, and contribute to international peace and development.","start":6884.908,"end":6895.644,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6884.908,"end":6885.117},{"text":"international","start":6885.117,"end":6885.597},{"text":"community","start":6885.597,"end":6886.062},{"text":"should","start":6886.094,"end":6886.286},{"text":"join","start":6886.334,"end":6886.543},{"text":"hands","start":6886.639,"end":6886.991},{"text":"to","start":6887.12,"end":6887.232},{"text":"strengthen","start":6887.28,"end":6887.825},{"text":"the","start":6887.937,"end":6888.017},{"text":"governance","start":6888.017,"end":6888.498},{"text":"of","start":6888.498,"end":6888.642},{"text":"natural","start":6888.658,"end":6888.898},{"text":"resources,","start":6888.898,"end":6889.507},{"text":"maintain","start":6890.02,"end":6890.565},{"text":"the","start":6890.565,"end":6890.613},{"text":"stability","start":6890.645,"end":6891.19},{"text":"of","start":6891.366,"end":6891.51},{"text":"global","start":6891.766,"end":6892.055},{"text":"resource","start":6892.167,"end":6892.664},{"text":"supply","start":6892.808,"end":6893.096},{"text":"chain,","start":6893.144,"end":6893.433},{"text":"and","start":6893.625,"end":6893.689},{"text":"contribute","start":6893.705,"end":6894.266},{"text":"to","start":6894.266,"end":6894.442},{"text":"international","start":6894.442,"end":6894.923},{"text":"peace","start":6894.923,"end":6895.163},{"text":"and","start":6895.163,"end":6895.292},{"text":"development.","start":6895.292,"end":6895.644}]},{"text":"I would like to make 3 points.","start":6895.772,"end":6896.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6895.772,"end":6895.788},{"text":"would","start":6895.788,"end":6895.868},{"text":"like","start":6895.868,"end":6895.948},{"text":"to","start":6895.948,"end":6896.093},{"text":"make","start":6896.093,"end":6896.269},{"text":"3","start":6896.269,"end":6896.509},{"text":"points.","start":6896.509,"end":6896.83}]},{"text":"First, peace and stability are the solid guarantee for the governance of natural resources.","start":6897.375,"end":6902.005,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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the same time, the causes of armed conflicts are complex and diverse, involving a range of political, social, and economic 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resources should not be simply regarded as the root cause of conflicts.","start":6949.93,"end":6953.798,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":6949.93,"end":6950.235},{"text":"resources","start":6950.235,"end":6950.7},{"text":"should","start":6950.893,"end":6951.021},{"text":"not","start":6951.053,"end":6951.214},{"text":"be","start":6951.214,"end":6951.294},{"text":"simply","start":6951.294,"end":6951.744},{"text":"regarded","start":6951.84,"end":6952.305},{"text":"as","start":6952.402,"end":6952.466},{"text":"the","start":6952.498,"end":6952.626},{"text":"root","start":6952.723,"end":6952.899},{"text":"cause","start":6952.899,"end":6953.188},{"text":"of","start":6953.22,"end":6953.316},{"text":"conflicts.","start":6953.316,"end":6953.798}]},{"text":"Still less should normal economic trade and industrial cooperation be subjected to sweeping securitization, politicization, or instrumentalization.","start":6954.36,"end":6963.701,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Still","start":6954.36,"end":6954.649},{"text":"less","start":6954.649,"end":6954.873},{"text":"should","start":6955.146,"end":6955.387},{"text":"normal","start":6955.403,"end":6956.045},{"text":"economic","start":6956.045,"end":6956.43},{"text":"trade","start":6956.43,"end":6957.04},{"text":"and","start":6957.153,"end":6957.281},{"text":"industrial","start":6957.393,"end":6958.003},{"text":"cooperation","start":6958.019,"end":6958.645},{"text":"be","start":6958.758,"end":6958.822},{"text":"subjected","start":6958.822,"end":6959.608},{"text":"to","start":6959.785,"end":6959.977},{"text":"sweeping","start":6959.977,"end":6960.491},{"text":"securitization,","start":6960.523,"end":6961.454},{"text":"politicization,","start":6961.566,"end":6962.337},{"text":"or","start":6962.529,"end":6962.706},{"text":"instrumentalization.","start":6962.754,"end":6963.701}]},{"text":"Second, fairness and justice are essential prerequisites for cooperation on natural International law grants all countries absolute sovereignty over their resources, a principle that cannot be challenged.","start":6964.472,"end":6977.062,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":6964.472,"end":6964.905},{"text":"fairness","start":6965.402,"end":6965.772},{"text":"and","start":6965.884,"end":6965.964},{"text":"justice","start":6965.964,"end":6966.542},{"text":"are","start":6966.606,"end":6966.654},{"text":"essential","start":6966.863,"end":6967.328},{"text":"prerequisites","start":6967.345,"end":6968.051},{"text":"for","start":6968.051,"end":6968.179},{"text":"cooperation","start":6968.211,"end":6968.757},{"text":"on","start":6968.95,"end":6968.998},{"text":"natural","start":6969.03,"end":6969.768},{"text":"International","start":6970.403,"end":6970.969},{"text":"law","start":6970.969,"end":6971.082},{"text":"grants","start":6971.292,"end":6971.696},{"text":"all","start":6971.777,"end":6971.825},{"text":"countries","start":6971.955,"end":6972.407},{"text":"absolute","start":6972.585,"end":6973.183},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6973.183,"end":6973.7},{"text":"over","start":6973.813,"end":6974.04},{"text":"their","start":6974.04,"end":6974.201},{"text":"resources,","start":6974.201,"end":6974.751},{"text":"a","start":6975.187,"end":6975.204},{"text":"principle","start":6975.204,"end":6975.688},{"text":"that","start":6975.688,"end":6975.834},{"text":"cannot","start":6975.834,"end":6976.4},{"text":"be","start":6976.464,"end":6976.561},{"text":"challenged.","start":6976.561,"end":6977.062}]},{"text":"Certain countries should cease using pressure, sanctions, and military coercion to seize resources from other countries and must not revert to colonial domination and plunder.","start":6977.92,"end":6988.588,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Developing","start":6989.506,"end":6989.909},{"text":"countries","start":6989.957,"end":6990.344},{"text":"have","start":6990.393,"end":6990.602},{"text":"the","start":6990.602,"end":6990.763},{"text":"right","start":6990.763,"end":6991.15},{"text":"to","start":6991.182,"end":6991.311},{"text":"fully","start":6991.343,"end":6991.633},{"text":"utilize","start":6991.665,"end":6992.117},{"text":"their","start":6992.149,"end":6992.278},{"text":"natural","start":6992.326,"end":6992.68},{"text":"resources","start":6992.697,"end":6993.244},{"text":"endowments","start":6993.277,"end":6993.712},{"text":"to","start":6993.712,"end":6993.808},{"text":"achieve","start":6993.857,"end":6994.372},{"text":"economic","start":6994.469,"end":6994.711},{"text":"and","start":6994.807,"end":6994.872},{"text":"social","start":6994.888,"end":6995.146},{"text":"development.","start":6995.146,"end":6995.355}]},{"text":"China supports building an open, inclusive, fair, reasonable, cooperative, win-win, green, and clean critical mineral governance system.","start":6996.354,"end":7003.936,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"China","start":6996.354,"end":6996.629},{"text":"supports","start":6996.629,"end":6997.049},{"text":"building","start":6997.179,"end":6997.47},{"text":"an","start":6997.502,"end":6997.534},{"text":"open,","start":6997.809,"end":6998.036},{"text":"inclusive,","start":6998.23,"end":6998.699},{"text":"fair,","start":6998.715,"end":6998.99},{"text":"reasonable,","start":6999.281,"end":6999.814},{"text":"cooperative,","start":6999.911,"end":7000.461},{"text":"win-win,","start":7000.558,"end":7000.865},{"text":"green,","start":7001.14,"end":7001.512},{"text":"and","start":7001.69,"end":7001.851},{"text":"clean","start":7001.851,"end":7002.159},{"text":"critical","start":7002.336,"end":7002.741},{"text":"mineral","start":7002.741,"end":7003.21},{"text":"governance","start":7003.21,"end":7003.565},{"text":"system.","start":7003.565,"end":7003.936}]},{"text":"Using the pretext of so-called de-risking or safeguarding national security to pursue blocked confrontation and form exclusive small circles will only disrupt market order and undermine the common interest of all countries.","start":7005.485,"end":7019.065,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Using","start":7005.485,"end":7005.792},{"text":"the","start":7005.889,"end":7005.985},{"text":"pretext","start":7005.985,"end":7006.599},{"text":"of","start":7006.712,"end":7006.809},{"text":"so-called","start":7006.809,"end":7007.486},{"text":"de-risking","start":7007.583,"end":7008.132},{"text":"or","start":7008.471,"end":7008.519},{"text":"safeguarding","start":7008.584,"end":7009.165},{"text":"national","start":7009.213,"end":7009.633},{"text":"security","start":7009.633,"end":7010.23},{"text":"to","start":7010.262,"end":7010.391},{"text":"pursue","start":7010.408,"end":7010.746},{"text":"blocked","start":7010.746,"end":7011.215},{"text":"confrontation","start":7011.231,"end":7011.908},{"text":"and","start":7012.28,"end":7012.344},{"text":"form","start":7012.49,"end":7012.652},{"text":"exclusive","start":7012.782,"end":7013.496},{"text":"small","start":7013.496,"end":7013.756},{"text":"circles","start":7013.756,"end":7014.194},{"text":"will","start":7014.714,"end":7014.86},{"text":"only","start":7014.86,"end":7015.087},{"text":"disrupt","start":7015.103,"end":7015.688},{"text":"market","start":7015.688,"end":7016.029},{"text":"order","start":7016.159,"end":7016.451},{"text":"and","start":7016.646,"end":7016.808},{"text":"undermine","start":7016.824,"end":7017.311},{"text":"the","start":7017.311,"end":7017.457},{"text":"common","start":7017.457,"end":7017.766},{"text":"interest","start":7017.798,"end":7018.285},{"text":"of","start":7018.285,"end":7018.415},{"text":"all","start":7018.513,"end":7018.561},{"text":"countries.","start":7018.675,"end":7019.065}]},{"text":"Third, sustainable development is the ultimate goal of natural resource development.","start":7020.61,"end":7024.925,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7020.61,"end":7020.691},{"text":"sustainable","start":7021.031,"end":7021.55},{"text":"development","start":7021.55,"end":7022.118},{"text":"is","start":7022.183,"end":7022.232},{"text":"the","start":7022.345,"end":7022.605},{"text":"ultimate","start":7022.654,"end":7023.14},{"text":"goal","start":7023.14,"end":7023.286},{"text":"of","start":7023.627,"end":7023.854},{"text":"natural","start":7023.886,"end":7024.146},{"text":"resource","start":7024.146,"end":7024.535},{"text":"development.","start":7024.535,"end":7024.925}]},{"text":"Past experience has repeatedly shown that the persistence of illegal exploitation of natural resources is rooted in deeper problems such as poverty, unemployment, and underdevelopment.","start":7025.112,"end":7035.547,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Past","start":7025.112,"end":7025.321},{"text":"experience","start":7025.433,"end":7026.075},{"text":"has","start":7026.075,"end":7026.284},{"text":"repeatedly","start":7026.46,"end":7027.087},{"text":"shown","start":7027.119,"end":7027.488},{"text":"that","start":7027.584,"end":7027.921},{"text":"the","start":7028.098,"end":7028.307},{"text":"persistence","start":7028.307,"end":7029.045},{"text":"of","start":7029.045,"end":7029.174},{"text":"illegal","start":7029.27,"end":7029.591},{"text":"exploitation","start":7029.591,"end":7030.137},{"text":"of","start":7030.185,"end":7030.314},{"text":"natural","start":7030.33,"end":7030.57},{"text":"resources","start":7030.57,"end":7031.02},{"text":"is","start":7031.132,"end":7031.229},{"text":"rooted","start":7031.357,"end":7031.775},{"text":"in","start":7032.112,"end":7032.224},{"text":"deeper","start":7032.32,"end":7032.577},{"text":"problems","start":7032.577,"end":7032.93},{"text":"such","start":7032.93,"end":7033.203},{"text":"as","start":7033.203,"end":7033.268},{"text":"poverty,","start":7033.38,"end":7033.781},{"text":"unemployment,","start":7033.926,"end":7034.456},{"text":"and","start":7034.648,"end":7034.713},{"text":"underdevelopment.","start":7034.889,"end":7035.547}]},{"text":"To break the vicious circle in which resources and conflicts coexist, it is essential to support the countries concerned in achieving sustainable development on their own.","start":7036.173,"end":7045.63,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":7036.173,"end":7036.238},{"text":"break","start":7036.27,"end":7036.655},{"text":"the","start":7036.832,"end":7036.912},{"text":"vicious","start":7036.912,"end":7037.361},{"text":"circle","start":7037.394,"end":7037.859},{"text":"in","start":7037.859,"end":7037.923},{"text":"which","start":7037.939,"end":7038.084},{"text":"resources","start":7038.261,"end":7038.726},{"text":"and","start":7038.839,"end":7038.967},{"text":"conflicts","start":7039.16,"end":7039.705},{"text":"coexist,","start":7039.705,"end":7040.299},{"text":"it","start":7040.685,"end":7040.829},{"text":"is","start":7040.829,"end":7040.893},{"text":"essential","start":7040.99,"end":7041.423},{"text":"to","start":7041.423,"end":7041.536},{"text":"support","start":7041.552,"end":7042.033},{"text":"the","start":7042.033,"end":7042.114},{"text":"countries","start":7042.114,"end":7042.419},{"text":"concerned","start":7042.451,"end":7042.9},{"text":"in","start":7043.157,"end":7043.221},{"text":"achieving","start":7043.494,"end":7044.088},{"text":"sustainable","start":7044.137,"end":7044.618},{"text":"development","start":7044.618,"end":7045.084},{"text":"on","start":7045.164,"end":7045.244},{"text":"their","start":7045.244,"end":7045.341},{"text":"own.","start":7045.485,"end":7045.63}]},{"text":"The international community, especially developed countries, has the responsibility to fulfill its aid commitments.","start":7046.32,"end":7051.409,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7046.32,"end":7046.529},{"text":"international","start":7046.529,"end":7046.962},{"text":"community,","start":7046.962,"end":7047.428},{"text":"especially","start":7047.492,"end":7047.909},{"text":"developed","start":7047.974,"end":7048.279},{"text":"countries,","start":7048.311,"end":7048.76},{"text":"has","start":7048.857,"end":7049.001},{"text":"the","start":7049.033,"end":7049.113},{"text":"responsibility","start":7049.129,"end":7049.836},{"text":"to","start":7049.852,"end":7049.98},{"text":"fulfill","start":7049.98,"end":7050.494},{"text":"its","start":7050.558,"end":7050.815},{"text":"aid","start":7050.96,"end":7051.184},{"text":"commitments.","start":7051.184,"end":7051.409}]},{"text":"Support resource-rich countries, particularly developing countries, to continuously improve their resource governance system and to increase the added value and income of resource products through technology transfer, capacity building, talent training, and industrial upgrading, thereby eliminating poverty, increasing employment, truly benefiting local communities, and building a more solid foundation for peace.","start":7051.698,"end":7077.179,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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also wish to express my sincere appreciation to His Excellency the Secretary-General and to Dr. Okonjo, Director-General of the WTO, for their valuable briefings.","start":7157.598,"end":7171.184,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":7232.01,"end":7232.302},{"text":"strengthening","start":7232.626,"end":7233.146},{"text":"governance,","start":7233.26,"end":7233.714},{"text":"transparency,","start":7233.974,"end":7234.721},{"text":"and","start":7234.867,"end":7235.013},{"text":"international","start":7235.045,"end":7235.76},{"text":"cooperation","start":7235.776,"end":7236.393},{"text":"in","start":7236.588,"end":7236.637},{"text":"the","start":7236.669,"end":7236.75},{"text":"management","start":7236.75,"end":7237.4},{"text":"of","start":7237.4,"end":7239.397},{"text":"natural","start":7237.728,"end":7238.067},{"text":"resources","start":7238.067,"end":7238.682},{"text":"constitutes","start":7239.103,"end":7239.75},{"text":"a","start":7239.783,"end":7239.799},{"text":"fundamental","start":7239.847,"end":7240.543},{"text":"pillar","start":7240.576,"end":7240.883},{"text":"to","start":7241.142,"end":7241.223},{"text":"ensure","start":7241.223,"end":7241.579},{"text":"their","start":7241.692,"end":7241.805},{"text":"role","start":7241.854,"end":7242.161},{"text":"in","start":7242.194,"end":7242.242},{"text":"promoting","start":7242.356,"end":7242.809},{"text":"peace,","start":7243.003,"end":7243.326},{"text":"development,","start":7243.488,"end":7244.2},{"text":"and","start":7244.362,"end":7244.589},{"text":"shared","start":7244.621,"end":7244.993},{"text":"prosperity.","start":7245.026,"end":7245.479}]},{"text":"In this regard, I would like to address 3 main points.","start":7246.563,"end":7249.178,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7246.563,"end":7246.629},{"text":"this","start":7246.629,"end":7246.728},{"text":"regard,","start":7246.728,"end":7247.092},{"text":"I","start":7247.374,"end":7247.39},{"text":"would","start":7247.39,"end":7247.539},{"text":"like","start":7247.556,"end":7247.738},{"text":"to","start":7247.738,"end":7247.804},{"text":"address","start":7247.804,"end":7248.251},{"text":"3","start":7248.384,"end":7248.566},{"text":"main","start":7248.566,"end":7248.765},{"text":"points.","start":7248.88,"end":7249.178}]},{"text":"First, sustainable governance of natural resources is a fundamental pillar for safeguarding international peace and security.","start":7251.226,"end":7259.407,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7251.226,"end":7251.805},{"text":"sustainable","start":7252.592,"end":7253.139},{"text":"governance","start":7253.171,"end":7253.621},{"text":"of","start":7253.733,"end":7253.83},{"text":"natural","start":7253.83,"end":7254.28},{"text":"resources","start":7254.28,"end":7254.826},{"text":"is","start":7255.421,"end":7255.501},{"text":"a","start":7255.501,"end":7255.533},{"text":"fundamental","start":7255.566,"end":7256.273},{"text":"pillar","start":7256.369,"end":7256.674},{"text":"for","start":7256.932,"end":7257.044},{"text":"safeguarding","start":7257.044,"end":7257.719},{"text":"international","start":7257.912,"end":7258.603},{"text":"peace","start":7258.635,"end":7258.764},{"text":"and","start":7258.876,"end":7258.957},{"text":"security.","start":7258.957,"end":7259.407}]},{"text":"International experience confirms that natural resources are not only a source of growth but may also become a factor of instability in the absence of sound governance and in the presence of illicit exploitation, particularly in the mining sector, where revenues may be used to sustain conflicts.","start":7260.163,"end":7279.707,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":7260.163,"end":7260.749},{"text":"experience","start":7260.798,"end":7261.466},{"text":"confirms","start":7261.466,"end":7262.003},{"text":"that","start":7262.442,"end":7262.784},{"text":"natural","start":7262.866,"end":7263.338},{"text":"resources","start":7263.338,"end":7263.956},{"text":"are","start":7264.135,"end":7264.184},{"text":"not","start":7264.233,"end":7264.412},{"text":"only","start":7264.624,"end":7264.851},{"text":"a","start":7265.047,"end":7265.063},{"text":"source","start":7265.063,"end":7265.405},{"text":"of","start":7265.535,"end":7265.665},{"text":"growth","start":7265.698,"end":7267.83},{"text":"but","start":7266.363,"end":7266.588},{"text":"may","start":7266.588,"end":7266.748},{"text":"also","start":7266.765,"end":7267.07},{"text":"become","start":7267.07,"end":7267.423},{"text":"a","start":7267.487,"end":7267.503},{"text":"factor","start":7267.551,"end":7268.049},{"text":"of","start":7268.129,"end":7268.258},{"text":"instability","start":7268.354,"end":7269.061},{"text":"in","start":7269.253,"end":7269.302},{"text":"the","start":7269.334,"end":7269.414},{"text":"absence","start":7269.478,"end":7269.96},{"text":"of","start":7269.976,"end":7270.056},{"text":"sound","start":7270.056,"end":7270.394},{"text":"governance","start":7270.458,"end":7271.052},{"text":"and","start":7271.405,"end":7271.646},{"text":"in","start":7271.662,"end":7271.726},{"text":"the","start":7271.726,"end":7271.823},{"text":"presence","start":7271.823,"end":7272.192},{"text":"of","start":7272.449,"end":7272.513},{"text":"illicit","start":7272.626,"end":7273.043},{"text":"exploitation,","start":7273.091,"end":7273.958},{"text":"particularly","start":7274.296,"end":7274.922},{"text":"in","start":7274.954,"end":7275.002},{"text":"the","start":7275.034,"end":7275.131},{"text":"mining","start":7275.131,"end":7275.484},{"text":"sector,","start":7275.516,"end":7276.03},{"text":"where","start":7276.399,"end":7276.736},{"text":"revenues","start":7276.817,"end":7277.379},{"text":"may","start":7277.507,"end":7277.764},{"text":"be","start":7277.764,"end":7277.989},{"text":"used","start":7277.989,"end":7278.455},{"text":"to","start":7278.551,"end":7278.615},{"text":"sustain","start":7278.647,"end":7279.097},{"text":"conflicts.","start":7279.193,"end":7279.707}]},{"text":"Accordingly, reducing the risks of resource-related conflicts requires strengthening governance before crises escalate.","start":7280.799,"end":7288.924,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Accordingly,","start":7280.799,"end":7281.345},{"text":"reducing","start":7281.795,"end":7282.309},{"text":"the","start":7282.421,"end":7282.501},{"text":"risks","start":7282.501,"end":7282.903},{"text":"of","start":7283.047,"end":7283.111},{"text":"resource-related","start":7283.24,"end":7284.171},{"text":"conflicts","start":7284.171,"end":7284.733},{"text":"requires","start":7285.087,"end":7285.6},{"text":"strengthening","start":7285.793,"end":7286.323},{"text":"governance","start":7286.435,"end":7286.949},{"text":"before","start":7287.238,"end":7287.592},{"text":"crises","start":7287.72,"end":7288.17},{"text":"escalate.","start":7288.346,"end":7288.924}]},{"text":"This can be achieved through the development of early warning mechanisms to monitor tensions linked to natural resources, and by supporting mediation and peacebuilding efforts, enhancing transparency and the rule of law.","start":7289.567,"end":7302.948,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7289.567,"end":7289.808},{"text":"can","start":7289.808,"end":7289.952},{"text":"be","start":7289.968,"end":7290.065},{"text":"achieved","start":7290.065,"end":7290.578},{"text":"through","start":7290.691,"end":7290.867},{"text":"the","start":7290.867,"end":7291.012},{"text":"development","start":7291.012,"end":7291.638},{"text":"of","start":7291.654,"end":7291.751},{"text":"early","start":7291.959,"end":7292.313},{"text":"warning","start":7292.457,"end":7292.826},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7292.939,"end":7293.549},{"text":"to","start":7293.661,"end":7293.758},{"text":"monitor","start":7293.758,"end":7294.304},{"text":"tensions","start":7294.304,"end":7294.834},{"text":"linked","start":7295.091,"end":7295.364},{"text":"to","start":7295.364,"end":7295.444},{"text":"natural","start":7295.444,"end":7295.894},{"text":"resources,","start":7295.894,"end":7296.359},{"text":"and","start":7297.116,"end":7297.326},{"text":"by","start":7297.358,"end":7297.471},{"text":"supporting","start":7297.519,"end":7298.131},{"text":"mediation","start":7298.244,"end":7298.775},{"text":"and","start":7298.953,"end":7299.017},{"text":"peacebuilding","start":7299.13,"end":7299.661},{"text":"efforts,","start":7299.839,"end":7300.193},{"text":"enhancing","start":7300.66,"end":7301.192},{"text":"transparency","start":7301.289,"end":7301.997},{"text":"and","start":7302.255,"end":7302.432},{"text":"the","start":7302.432,"end":7302.513},{"text":"rule","start":7302.513,"end":7302.674},{"text":"of","start":7302.674,"end":7302.835},{"text":"law.","start":7302.835,"end":7302.948}]},{"text":"Such measures help ensure that natural resources serve as a foundation for stability and sustainable development rather than a cause of conflict.","start":7304.94,"end":7313.058,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":7304.94,"end":7305.053},{"text":"measures","start":7305.069,"end":7305.506},{"text":"help","start":7305.603,"end":7305.845},{"text":"ensure","start":7305.845,"end":7306.201},{"text":"that","start":7306.25,"end":7306.427},{"text":"natural","start":7306.427,"end":7306.816},{"text":"resources","start":7306.816,"end":7307.365},{"text":"serve","start":7307.479,"end":7307.77},{"text":"as","start":7307.883,"end":7307.964},{"text":"a","start":7307.964,"end":7307.98},{"text":"foundation","start":7307.98,"end":7308.74},{"text":"for","start":7308.918,"end":7309.112},{"text":"stability","start":7309.112,"end":7309.711},{"text":"and","start":7309.808,"end":7309.856},{"text":"sustainable","start":7309.856,"end":7310.519},{"text":"development","start":7310.552,"end":7311.263},{"text":"rather","start":7311.263,"end":7311.651},{"text":"than","start":7311.668,"end":7311.797},{"text":"a","start":7311.91,"end":7311.991},{"text":"cause","start":7311.991,"end":7312.217},{"text":"of","start":7312.411,"end":7312.541},{"text":"conflict.","start":7312.573,"end":7313.058}]},{"text":"Second, conflicts related to natural resources can have severe humanitarian consequences.","start":7313.78,"end":7318.68,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7313.78,"end":7314.342},{"text":"conflicts","start":7314.358,"end":7314.711},{"text":"related","start":7314.711,"end":7315.161},{"text":"to","start":7315.161,"end":7315.274},{"text":"natural","start":7315.274,"end":7315.643},{"text":"resources","start":7315.643,"end":7316.189},{"text":"can","start":7316.302,"end":7316.511},{"text":"have","start":7316.527,"end":7316.671},{"text":"severe","start":7316.72,"end":7317.186},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7317.186,"end":7317.876},{"text":"consequences.","start":7317.908,"end":7318.68}]},{"text":"They disrupt agricultural activities, damage the environment and livelihoods, thereby threatening food security and undermining the stability of communities.","start":7319.194,"end":7329.132,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":7319.194,"end":7319.306},{"text":"disrupt","start":7319.419,"end":7319.901},{"text":"agricultural","start":7319.917,"end":7320.624},{"text":"activities,","start":7320.624,"end":7321.17},{"text":"damage","start":7321.523,"end":7321.893},{"text":"the","start":7321.925,"end":7321.989},{"text":"environment","start":7321.989,"end":7322.728},{"text":"and","start":7322.793,"end":7322.905},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":7322.953,"end":7323.467},{"text":"thereby","start":7323.887,"end":7324.325},{"text":"threatening","start":7324.374,"end":7324.91},{"text":"food","start":7325.332,"end":7325.527},{"text":"security","start":7325.527,"end":7326.209},{"text":"and","start":7326.469,"end":7326.534},{"text":"undermining","start":7326.713,"end":7327.427},{"text":"the","start":7327.606,"end":7327.638},{"text":"stability","start":7327.638,"end":7328.239},{"text":"of","start":7328.369,"end":7328.483},{"text":"communities.","start":7328.515,"end":7329.132}]},{"text":"Conflicts are among the main drivers of hunger worldwide.","start":7330.65,"end":7334.293,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Conflicts","start":7330.65,"end":7330.846},{"text":"are","start":7330.846,"end":7330.944},{"text":"among","start":7330.944,"end":7331.221},{"text":"the","start":7331.483,"end":7331.565},{"text":"main","start":7331.565,"end":7331.793},{"text":"drivers","start":7331.891,"end":7332.447},{"text":"of","start":7333.052,"end":7333.199},{"text":"hunger","start":7333.199,"end":7333.64},{"text":"worldwide.","start":7333.771,"end":7334.293}]},{"text":"According to data from the World Food Programme, 70% of those facing acute food insecurity live in conflict-affected countries.","start":7336.23,"end":7347.456,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"According","start":7336.23,"end":7336.633},{"text":"to","start":7336.665,"end":7336.713},{"text":"data","start":7336.73,"end":7336.907},{"text":"from","start":7336.907,"end":7337.181},{"text":"the","start":7337.326,"end":7337.456},{"text":"World","start":7337.472,"end":7337.681},{"text":"Food","start":7337.714,"end":7337.923},{"text":"Programme,","start":7337.956,"end":7338.569},{"text":"70%","start":7338.924,"end":7339.537},{"text":"of","start":7340.634,"end":7340.714},{"text":"those","start":7340.843,"end":7341.069},{"text":"facing","start":7341.247,"end":7341.634},{"text":"acute","start":7341.892,"end":7342.36},{"text":"food","start":7342.408,"end":7342.682},{"text":"insecurity","start":7342.86,"end":7343.57},{"text":"live","start":7344.8,"end":7344.93},{"text":"in","start":7345.286,"end":7345.351},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":7345.691,"end":7346.857},{"text":"countries.","start":7347.002,"end":7347.456}]},{"text":"While 12 of the world's 13 hunger hotspots are located in conflict-affected regions.","start":7349.423,"end":7358.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":7349.423,"end":7349.745},{"text":"12","start":7349.745,"end":7350.613},{"text":"of","start":7350.613,"end":7350.678},{"text":"the","start":7350.71,"end":7350.839},{"text":"world's","start":7350.855,"end":7351.193},{"text":"13","start":7351.273,"end":7351.788},{"text":"hunger","start":7351.836,"end":7352.238},{"text":"hotspots","start":7352.238,"end":7352.833},{"text":"are","start":7353.831,"end":7354.104},{"text":"located","start":7354.313,"end":7355.021},{"text":"in","start":7356.163,"end":7356.212},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":7356.55,"end":7357.855},{"text":"regions.","start":7357.921,"end":7358.45}]},{"text":"These facts underscore the urgent need to strengthen responsible governance of natural resources and address the root causes of conflict, as this is the foundation for peacebuilding and humanitarian response.","start":7362.611,"end":7375.904,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7362.611,"end":7362.822},{"text":"facts","start":7362.935,"end":7363.291},{"text":"underscore","start":7363.421,"end":7364.084},{"text":"the","start":7364.214,"end":7364.295},{"text":"urgent","start":7364.376,"end":7364.797},{"text":"need","start":7364.797,"end":7365.088},{"text":"to","start":7365.185,"end":7365.25},{"text":"strengthen","start":7365.282,"end":7365.849},{"text":"responsible","start":7365.849,"end":7366.497},{"text":"governance","start":7366.497,"end":7367.096},{"text":"of","start":7367.144,"end":7367.241},{"text":"natural","start":7367.241,"end":7367.711},{"text":"resources","start":7367.711,"end":7368.326},{"text":"and","start":7368.828,"end":7368.99},{"text":"address","start":7368.99,"end":7369.411},{"text":"the","start":7369.508,"end":7369.572},{"text":"root","start":7369.589,"end":7369.783},{"text":"causes","start":7369.88,"end":7370.22},{"text":"of","start":7370.285,"end":7370.35},{"text":"conflict,","start":7370.35,"end":7370.871},{"text":"as","start":7371.506,"end":7371.653},{"text":"this","start":7371.913,"end":7372.027},{"text":"is","start":7372.093,"end":7372.141},{"text":"the","start":7372.255,"end":7372.337},{"text":"foundation","start":7372.337,"end":7373.037},{"text":"for","start":7373.249,"end":7373.493},{"text":"peacebuilding","start":7373.64,"end":7374.259},{"text":"and","start":7374.617,"end":7374.683},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7374.78,"end":7375.513},{"text":"response.","start":7375.513,"end":7375.904}]},{"text":"Third, addressing resource-related conflicts require international cooperation.","start":7379.328,"end":7384.641,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7379.328,"end":7379.635},{"text":"addressing","start":7379.976,"end":7380.364},{"text":"resource-related","start":7380.656,"end":7381.741},{"text":"conflicts","start":7381.757,"end":7382.308},{"text":"require","start":7382.729,"end":7383.231},{"text":"international","start":7383.231,"end":7383.944},{"text":"cooperation.","start":7383.944,"end":7384.641}]},{"text":"Natural resources are linked to global supply chains, particularly amid increasing tensions that may affect the security of vital transit routes associated with transporting these resources, such as the Strait of Hormuz.","start":7385.758,"end":7401.458,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":7385.758,"end":7386.309},{"text":"resources","start":7386.309,"end":7386.925},{"text":"are","start":7387.103,"end":7387.265},{"text":"linked","start":7387.265,"end":7387.621},{"text":"to","start":7387.686,"end":7387.783},{"text":"global","start":7387.832,"end":7388.14},{"text":"supply","start":7388.14,"end":7388.446},{"text":"chains,","start":7388.494,"end":7388.945},{"text":"particularly","start":7390.347,"end":7390.959},{"text":"amid","start":7391.056,"end":7391.281},{"text":"increasing","start":7391.378,"end":7391.845},{"text":"tensions","start":7391.958,"end":7392.506},{"text":"that","start":7392.747,"end":7393.07},{"text":"may","start":7393.07,"end":7393.231},{"text":"affect","start":7393.311,"end":7393.827},{"text":"the","start":7393.875,"end":7393.94},{"text":"security","start":7393.956,"end":7394.584},{"text":"of","start":7394.761,"end":7394.906},{"text":"vital","start":7394.922,"end":7395.47},{"text":"transit","start":7395.486,"end":7396.002},{"text":"routes","start":7396.05,"end":7396.356},{"text":"associated","start":7397.099,"end":7397.974},{"text":"with","start":7397.99,"end":7398.217},{"text":"transporting","start":7398.25,"end":7398.946},{"text":"these","start":7399.06,"end":7399.271},{"text":"resources,","start":7399.303,"end":7399.838},{"text":"such","start":7400.048,"end":7400.356},{"text":"as","start":7400.356,"end":7400.486},{"text":"the","start":7400.664,"end":7400.729},{"text":"Strait","start":7400.745,"end":7401.069},{"text":"of","start":7401.069,"end":7401.134},{"text":"Hormuz.","start":7401.167,"end":7401.458}]},{"text":"Therefore, there is a need to strengthen traceability and transparency systems to promote responsible sourcing and implement due diligence to curb the flow of conflict-linked resources into international markets.","start":7402.496,"end":7416.819,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7429.537,"end":7429.602},{"text":"technical","start":7429.698,"end":7430.182},{"text":"assistance","start":7430.182,"end":7430.746},{"text":"to","start":7431.068,"end":7431.116},{"text":"enhance","start":7431.165,"end":7431.745},{"text":"natural","start":7431.793,"end":7432.228},{"text":"resource","start":7432.228,"end":7432.679},{"text":"management.","start":7432.679,"end":7433.243}]},{"text":"This would help ensure that producing countries and local communities benefit fairly and sustainably from the revenues generated by their natural resources.","start":7434.129,"end":7444.613,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7434.129,"end":7434.194},{"text":"would","start":7434.371,"end":7434.532},{"text":"help","start":7434.532,"end":7434.725},{"text":"ensure","start":7434.725,"end":7435.128},{"text":"that","start":7435.338,"end":7435.595},{"text":"producing","start":7435.595,"end":7436.127},{"text":"countries","start":7436.159,"end":7436.611},{"text":"and","start":7436.788,"end":7436.901},{"text":"local","start":7436.949,"end":7437.191},{"text":"communities","start":7437.207,"end":7437.819},{"text":"benefit","start":7438.32,"end":7438.838},{"text":"fairly","start":7439.048,"end":7439.517},{"text":"and","start":7439.776,"end":7439.873},{"text":"sustainably","start":7439.873,"end":7440.65},{"text":"from","start":7440.989,"end":7441.232},{"text":"the","start":7441.248,"end":7441.329},{"text":"revenues","start":7441.329,"end":7441.863},{"text":"generated","start":7442.138,"end":7442.85},{"text":"by","start":7443.028,"end":7443.27},{"text":"their","start":7443.351,"end":7443.465},{"text":"natural","start":7443.529,"end":7444.063},{"text":"resources.","start":7444.063,"end":7444.613}]},{"text":"The Kingdom further emphasizes the important role of the UN system and regional organizations in developing common governance frameworks in capacity building and exchanging expertise.","start":7446.68,"end":7458.491,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7446.68,"end":7446.712},{"text":"Kingdom","start":7446.776,"end":7447.115},{"text":"further","start":7447.372,"end":7447.824},{"text":"emphasizes","start":7448.162,"end":7448.774},{"text":"the","start":7448.871,"end":7448.968},{"text":"important","start":7448.968,"end":7449.596},{"text":"role","start":7449.596,"end":7449.87},{"text":"of","start":7449.999,"end":7450.112},{"text":"the","start":7450.112,"end":7450.24},{"text":"UN","start":7450.24,"end":7450.45},{"text":"system","start":7450.498,"end":7450.998},{"text":"and","start":7451.127,"end":7451.288},{"text":"regional","start":7451.288,"end":7451.787},{"text":"organizations","start":7451.787,"end":7452.641},{"text":"in","start":7452.996,"end":7453.044},{"text":"developing","start":7453.141,"end":7453.689},{"text":"common","start":7453.882,"end":7454.156},{"text":"governance","start":7454.269,"end":7454.833},{"text":"frameworks","start":7454.833,"end":7457.105},{"text":"in","start":7455.713,"end":7455.761},{"text":"capacity","start":7455.873,"end":7456.435},{"text":"building","start":7456.5,"end":7456.805},{"text":"and","start":7457.062,"end":7457.206},{"text":"exchanging","start":7457.303,"end":7457.849},{"text":"expertise.","start":7457.961,"end":7458.491}]},{"text":"Madam President, today's debate on natural resources cannot be dissociated from the security of international waterways that ensure these resources reach their intended beneficiaries around the world.","start":7459.327,"end":7473.75,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate 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this context, my delegation views with deep concern the continuing threats and repeated attempts by Iran to close or obstruct navigation through the Strait of Hormuz.","start":7474.907,"end":7489.715,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7474.907,"end":7474.955},{"text":"this","start":7474.971,"end":7475.148},{"text":"context,","start":7475.148,"end":7475.79},{"text":"my","start":7476.754,"end":7476.85},{"text":"delegation","start":7477.059,"end":7477.605},{"text":"views","start":7477.702,"end":7478.007},{"text":"with","start":7478.119,"end":7478.328},{"text":"deep","start":7478.36,"end":7478.585},{"text":"concern","start":7478.601,"end":7479.035},{"text":"the","start":7479.886,"end":7479.966},{"text":"continuing","start":7480.031,"end":7480.737},{"text":"threats","start":7480.85,"end":7481.187},{"text":"and","start":7482.598,"end":7482.758},{"text":"repeated","start":7482.758,"end":7483.335},{"text":"attempts","start":7483.335,"end":7483.928},{"text":"by","start":7483.961,"end":7484.089},{"text":"Iran","start":7484.281,"end":7484.586},{"text":"to","start":7485.676,"end":7485.788},{"text":"close","start":7485.804,"end":7486.317},{"text":"or","start":7486.926,"end":7486.974},{"text":"obstruct","start":7487.102,"end":7487.647},{"text":"navigation","start":7487.647,"end":7488.353},{"text":"through","start":7488.561,"end":7488.754},{"text":"the","start":7488.77,"end":7488.866},{"text":"Strait","start":7488.866,"end":7489.25},{"text":"of","start":7489.25,"end":7489.347},{"text":"Hormuz.","start":7489.347,"end":7489.715}]},{"text":"This strait is not merely a regional waterway.","start":7491.03,"end":7493.531,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7491.03,"end":7491.206},{"text":"strait","start":7491.206,"end":7491.655},{"text":"is","start":7491.671,"end":7491.719},{"text":"not","start":7491.831,"end":7492.088},{"text":"merely","start":7492.088,"end":7492.44},{"text":"a","start":7492.537,"end":7492.553},{"text":"regional","start":7492.553,"end":7493.002},{"text":"waterway.","start":7493.018,"end":7493.531}]},{"text":"It is a vital artery for the global economy through which a substantial portion of international energy resources flows.","start":7494.059,"end":7502.539,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7494.059,"end":7494.172},{"text":"is","start":7494.172,"end":7494.252},{"text":"a","start":7494.316,"end":7494.332},{"text":"vital","start":7494.38,"end":7494.861},{"text":"artery","start":7494.941,"end":7495.326},{"text":"for","start":7495.743,"end":7495.951},{"text":"the","start":7495.999,"end":7496.143},{"text":"global","start":7496.143,"end":7496.48},{"text":"economy","start":7496.48,"end":7497.009},{"text":"through","start":7497.827,"end":7497.939},{"text":"which","start":7498.003,"end":7498.131},{"text":"a","start":7498.34,"end":7498.356},{"text":"substantial","start":7498.404,"end":7499.093},{"text":"portion","start":7499.125,"end":7499.574},{"text":"of","start":7499.911,"end":7500.023},{"text":"international","start":7500.247,"end":7501.113},{"text":"energy","start":7501.193,"end":7501.53},{"text":"resources","start":7501.53,"end":7502.139},{"text":"flows.","start":7502.235,"end":7502.539}]},{"text":"Any disruption of navigation through the strait constitutes not only a violation of the freedom of international navigation, but also amounts to using natural resources as a tool of political pressure.","start":7503.597,"end":7518.181,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":7503.597,"end":7503.838},{"text":"disruption","start":7503.838,"end":7504.367},{"text":"of","start":7504.431,"end":7504.543},{"text":"navigation","start":7504.559,"end":7505.249},{"text":"through","start":7505.377,"end":7505.665},{"text":"the","start":7505.681,"end":7505.778},{"text":"strait","start":7505.778,"end":7506.242},{"text":"constitutes","start":7506.579,"end":7507.172},{"text":"not","start":7507.236,"end":7507.477},{"text":"only","start":7507.605,"end":7507.829},{"text":"a","start":7507.861,"end":7507.877},{"text":"violation","start":7507.877,"end":7508.551},{"text":"of","start":7508.567,"end":7508.711},{"text":"the","start":7508.727,"end":7508.759},{"text":"freedom","start":7508.759,"end":7509.657},{"text":"of","start":7509.705,"end":7509.833},{"text":"international","start":7509.865,"end":7510.891},{"text":"navigation,","start":7510.907,"end":7511.596},{"text":"but","start":7511.949,"end":7512.286},{"text":"also","start":7512.414,"end":7512.719},{"text":"amounts","start":7512.735,"end":7513.183},{"text":"to","start":7514.099,"end":7514.196},{"text":"using","start":7514.196,"end":7514.63},{"text":"natural","start":7514.855,"end":7515.256},{"text":"resources","start":7515.321,"end":7515.931},{"text":"as","start":7516.349,"end":7516.413},{"text":"a","start":7516.461,"end":7516.478},{"text":"tool","start":7516.606,"end":7517.056},{"text":"of","start":7517.152,"end":7517.201},{"text":"political","start":7517.249,"end":7517.779},{"text":"pressure.","start":7517.811,"end":7518.181}]},{"text":"Accordingly, and in implementation of Security Council Resolution 2817, the Kingdom of Bahrain renews its call on the international community and this esteemed Council to adopt firm positions to safeguard the freedom of international navigation and protect vital waterways from any threats.","start":7519.482,"end":7540.034,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Accordingly,","start":7519.482,"end":7520.109},{"text":"and","start":7520.527,"end":7520.704},{"text":"in","start":7520.704,"end":7520.8},{"text":"implementation","start":7520.864,"end":7521.555},{"text":"of","start":7521.668,"end":7521.796},{"text":"Security","start":7521.812,"end":7522.294},{"text":"Council","start":7522.294,"end":7522.68},{"text":"Resolution","start":7522.68,"end":7523.291},{"text":"2817,","start":7523.355,"end":7524.528},{"text":"the","start":7524.962,"end":7525.042},{"text":"Kingdom","start":7525.042,"end":7525.331},{"text":"of","start":7525.364,"end":7525.492},{"text":"Bahrain","start":7525.524,"end":7525.894},{"text":"renews","start":7526.279,"end":7527.42},{"text":"its","start":7527.533,"end":7527.774},{"text":"call","start":7527.774,"end":7528.079},{"text":"on","start":7528.401,"end":7528.465},{"text":"the","start":7528.497,"end":7528.577},{"text":"international","start":7528.642,"end":7529.284},{"text":"community","start":7529.3,"end":7529.911},{"text":"and","start":7530.088,"end":7530.248},{"text":"this","start":7530.248,"end":7530.377},{"text":"esteemed","start":7530.506,"end":7530.907},{"text":"Council","start":7530.907,"end":7531.438},{"text":"to","start":7531.871,"end":7531.92},{"text":"adopt","start":7531.936,"end":7532.418},{"text":"firm","start":7532.418,"end":7532.836},{"text":"positions","start":7532.836,"end":7533.446},{"text":"to","start":7533.864,"end":7533.96},{"text":"safeguard","start":7533.96,"end":7534.571},{"text":"the","start":7534.683,"end":7534.764},{"text":"freedom","start":7534.764,"end":7535.182},{"text":"of","start":7535.23,"end":7535.374},{"text":"international","start":7535.407,"end":7536.13},{"text":"navigation","start":7536.13,"end":7536.821},{"text":"and","start":7537.174,"end":7537.238},{"text":"protect","start":7537.335,"end":7537.881},{"text":"vital","start":7537.881,"end":7538.283},{"text":"waterways","start":7538.363,"end":7538.91},{"text":"from","start":7539.086,"end":7539.295},{"text":"any","start":7539.504,"end":7539.665},{"text":"threats.","start":7539.665,"end":7540.034}]},{"text":"This would ensure the secure and safe flow of natural resources and would serve the growth and prosperity of all peoples of the world.","start":7541.255,"end":7550.235,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7541.255,"end":7541.384},{"text":"would","start":7541.512,"end":7541.737},{"text":"ensure","start":7541.737,"end":7542.251},{"text":"the","start":7542.38,"end":7542.412},{"text":"secure","start":7542.412,"end":7542.91},{"text":"and","start":7543.102,"end":7543.199},{"text":"safe","start":7543.199,"end":7543.472},{"text":"flow","start":7543.52,"end":7543.825},{"text":"of","start":7543.938,"end":7544.018},{"text":"natural","start":7544.082,"end":7544.436},{"text":"resources","start":7544.468,"end":7545.095},{"text":"and","start":7545.914,"end":7546.139},{"text":"would","start":7546.396,"end":7546.589},{"text":"serve","start":7546.589,"end":7547.022},{"text":"the","start":7547.135,"end":7547.279},{"text":"growth","start":7547.279,"end":7547.585},{"text":"and","start":7547.761,"end":7547.842},{"text":"prosperity","start":7547.938,"end":7548.629},{"text":"of","start":7548.982,"end":7549.111},{"text":"all","start":7549.207,"end":7549.368},{"text":"peoples","start":7549.384,"end":7549.753},{"text":"of","start":7549.85,"end":7549.914},{"text":"the","start":7549.946,"end":7550.027},{"text":"world.","start":7550.091,"end":7550.235}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Madam President, the Kingdom reaffirms that natural resources should be a means of achieving peace and development, not a source of conflict and instability.","start":7550.99,"end":7562.204,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":36,"start":7586.007,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=7587","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, I'd like to begin by thanking you for your presidency of our work today 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DRC.","start":7592.576,"end":7594.067,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Minister","start":7592.576,"end":7592.816},{"text":"of","start":7592.816,"end":7592.897},{"text":"Foreign","start":7592.897,"end":7593.073},{"text":"Affairs","start":7593.073,"end":7593.361},{"text":"of","start":7593.474,"end":7593.554},{"text":"the","start":7593.554,"end":7593.634},{"text":"DRC.","start":7593.634,"end":7594.067}]},{"text":"I'd like to thank the Secretary-General of the UN and the Executive Director of the World Trade Organization for their briefings.","start":7594.131,"end":7600.015,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":7594.131,"end":7594.195},{"text":"like","start":7594.195,"end":7594.275},{"text":"to","start":7594.275,"end":7594.372},{"text":"thank","start":7594.372,"end":7594.58},{"text":"the","start":7594.58,"end":7594.612},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":7594.612,"end":7595.398},{"text":"of","start":7595.718,"end":7595.847},{"text":"the","start":7595.943,"end":7596.151},{"text":"UN","start":7596.279,"end":7596.632},{"text":"and","start":7596.744,"end":7596.889},{"text":"the","start":7597.001,"end":7597.225},{"text":"Executive","start":7597.225,"end":7597.578},{"text":"Director","start":7597.578,"end":7598.027},{"text":"of","start":7598.043,"end":7598.123},{"text":"the","start":7598.123,"end":7598.203},{"text":"World","start":7598.267,"end":7598.492},{"text":"Trade","start":7598.524,"end":7598.781},{"text":"Organization","start":7598.781,"end":7599.326},{"text":"for","start":7599.326,"end":7599.406},{"text":"their","start":7599.406,"end":7599.566},{"text":"briefings.","start":7599.566,"end":7600.015}]},{"text":"This high-level debate on the link between natural resources and peace follows on from the ARIA Formula meeting last week and other discussions organized by the U.S.","start":7600.913,"end":7610.581,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Firstly,","start":7624.808,"end":7625.274},{"text":"the","start":7625.853,"end":7626.013},{"text":"exploitation","start":7626.013,"end":7626.881},{"text":"and","start":7627.138,"end":7627.379},{"text":"illicit","start":7627.411,"end":7627.781},{"text":"trafficking","start":7627.781,"end":7628.247},{"text":"of","start":7628.263,"end":7628.343},{"text":"natural","start":7628.359,"end":7628.665},{"text":"resources","start":7628.665,"end":7629.211},{"text":"are","start":7629.468,"end":7629.821},{"text":"an","start":7630.368,"end":7630.464},{"text":"aggravating","start":7630.464,"end":7630.978},{"text":"factor","start":7631.075,"end":7631.621},{"text":"in","start":7631.717,"end":7631.782},{"text":"many","start":7631.991,"end":7632.424},{"text":"crises","start":7632.537,"end":7633.147},{"text":"on","start":7633.244,"end":7633.388},{"text":"the","start":7633.581,"end":7633.806},{"text":"Council's","start":7633.806,"end":7634.224},{"text":"agenda.","start":7634.224,"end":7634.706}]},{"text":"In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the Central African Republic, in Sudan, in Colombia, or in Myanmar, the appropriation of natural resources sparks conflicts whose toll is borne by civilians.","start":7636.056,"end":7647.849,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7636.056,"end":7636.152},{"text":"the","start":7636.152,"end":7636.232},{"text":"Democratic","start":7636.232,"end":7636.634},{"text":"Republic","start":7636.634,"end":7636.875},{"text":"of","start":7636.875,"end":7636.939},{"text":"the","start":7636.939,"end":7637.02},{"text":"Congo,","start":7637.02,"end":7637.518},{"text":"in","start":7637.662,"end":7637.695},{"text":"the","start":7637.695,"end":7637.759},{"text":"Central","start":7637.759,"end":7638.032},{"text":"African","start":7638.064,"end":7638.369},{"text":"Republic,","start":7638.401,"end":7638.948},{"text":"in","start":7638.964,"end":7639.012},{"text":"Sudan,","start":7639.06,"end":7639.494},{"text":"in","start":7639.59,"end":7639.655},{"text":"Colombia,","start":7639.751,"end":7640.33},{"text":"or","start":7640.876,"end":7641.229},{"text":"in","start":7641.278,"end":7641.342},{"text":"Myanmar,","start":7641.519,"end":7642.306},{"text":"the","start":7642.82,"end":7642.9},{"text":"appropriation","start":7642.9,"end":7643.575},{"text":"of","start":7643.623,"end":7643.8},{"text":"natural","start":7643.8,"end":7644.25},{"text":"resources","start":7644.25,"end":7644.796},{"text":"sparks","start":7644.909,"end":7645.455},{"text":"conflicts","start":7645.455,"end":7646.034},{"text":"whose","start":7646.098,"end":7646.323},{"text":"toll","start":7646.532,"end":7646.724},{"text":"is","start":7647.062,"end":7647.126},{"text":"borne","start":7647.239,"end":7647.399},{"text":"by","start":7647.399,"end":7647.56},{"text":"civilians.","start":7647.56,"end":7647.849}]},{"text":"In the east of the DRC, the M23 controls between 15 and 30% of global coltan production at the Rubaya site, thus funding its illegal administration in full violation of Congolese sovereignty and territorial integrity.","start":7648.587,"end":7663.27,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7648.587,"end":7648.635},{"text":"the","start":7648.667,"end":7648.747},{"text":"east","start":7648.827,"end":7649.148},{"text":"of","start":7649.148,"end":7649.292},{"text":"the","start":7649.324,"end":7649.597},{"text":"DRC,","start":7649.629,"end":7650.19},{"text":"the","start":7650.206,"end":7650.334},{"text":"M23","start":7650.35,"end":7651.168},{"text":"controls","start":7651.248,"end":7651.697},{"text":"between","start":7651.713,"end":7651.921},{"text":"15","start":7651.969,"end":7652.658},{"text":"and","start":7652.755,"end":7652.899},{"text":"30%","start":7652.995,"end":7653.252},{"text":"of","start":7653.348,"end":7654.101},{"text":"global","start":7654.293,"end":7654.678},{"text":"coltan","start":7654.758,"end":7655.223},{"text":"production","start":7655.319,"end":7655.8},{"text":"at","start":7655.8,"end":7655.848},{"text":"the","start":7655.896,"end":7656.041},{"text":"Rubaya","start":7656.057,"end":7656.474},{"text":"site,","start":7656.474,"end":7656.922},{"text":"thus","start":7657.259,"end":7657.451},{"text":"funding","start":7657.644,"end":7658.012},{"text":"its","start":7658.141,"end":7658.365},{"text":"illegal","start":7658.381,"end":7658.702},{"text":"administration","start":7658.702,"end":7659.375},{"text":"in","start":7659.407,"end":7659.471},{"text":"full","start":7659.583,"end":7659.904},{"text":"violation","start":7659.904,"end":7660.593},{"text":"of","start":7660.609,"end":7660.754},{"text":"Congolese","start":7661.09,"end":7661.603},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7661.603,"end":7662.116},{"text":"and","start":7662.228,"end":7662.309},{"text":"territorial","start":7662.309,"end":7662.709},{"text":"integrity.","start":7662.709,"end":7663.27}]},{"text":"In Sudan, gold trafficking fuels the war economy, which only serves to prolong a conflict that has caused one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world.","start":7663.751,"end":7674.379,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7663.751,"end":7663.831},{"text":"Sudan,","start":7663.831,"end":7664.36},{"text":"gold","start":7664.889,"end":7665.258},{"text":"trafficking","start":7665.258,"end":7665.723},{"text":"fuels","start":7665.979,"end":7666.524},{"text":"the","start":7666.637,"end":7666.877},{"text":"war","start":7666.941,"end":7667.198},{"text":"economy,","start":7667.198,"end":7667.727},{"text":"which","start":7667.839,"end":7667.967},{"text":"only","start":7668.015,"end":7668.288},{"text":"serves","start":7668.32,"end":7668.913},{"text":"to","start":7668.945,"end":7669.218},{"text":"prolong","start":7669.282,"end":7669.731},{"text":"a","start":7669.923,"end":7670.083},{"text":"conflict","start":7670.083,"end":7670.708},{"text":"that","start":7670.708,"end":7670.869},{"text":"has","start":7670.869,"end":7671.013},{"text":"caused","start":7671.045,"end":7671.446},{"text":"one","start":7671.446,"end":7671.574},{"text":"of","start":7671.686,"end":7671.782},{"text":"the","start":7671.846,"end":7671.959},{"text":"worst","start":7672.488,"end":7672.76},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7672.792,"end":7673.337},{"text":"crises","start":7673.369,"end":7673.818},{"text":"in","start":7673.914,"end":7673.962},{"text":"the","start":7673.995,"end":7674.059},{"text":"world.","start":7674.075,"end":7674.379}]},{"text":"Elsewhere on the African continent, these resources are being plundered by local or international actors who sometimes use private military companies to manage the pillaging on behalf of external powers.","start":7674.812,"end":7686.886,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Elsewhere","start":7674.812,"end":7675.213},{"text":"on","start":7675.213,"end":7675.261},{"text":"the","start":7675.293,"end":7675.437},{"text":"African","start":7675.437,"end":7675.742},{"text":"continent,","start":7675.774,"end":7676.255},{"text":"these","start":7676.319,"end":7676.463},{"text":"resources","start":7676.575,"end":7677.185},{"text":"are","start":7677.441,"end":7677.553},{"text":"being","start":7677.617,"end":7677.826},{"text":"plundered","start":7677.938,"end":7678.387},{"text":"by","start":7678.419,"end":7678.611},{"text":"local","start":7678.739,"end":7679.172},{"text":"or","start":7679.284,"end":7679.333},{"text":"international","start":7679.381,"end":7679.91},{"text":"actors","start":7680.086,"end":7680.551},{"text":"who","start":7681.048,"end":7681.225},{"text":"sometimes","start":7681.225,"end":7681.834},{"text":"use","start":7682.027,"end":7682.428},{"text":"private","start":7682.428,"end":7682.796},{"text":"military","start":7682.812,"end":7683.278},{"text":"companies","start":7683.31,"end":7683.919},{"text":"to","start":7684.031,"end":7684.24},{"text":"manage","start":7684.256,"end":7684.609},{"text":"the","start":7684.689,"end":7684.769},{"text":"pillaging","start":7684.833,"end":7685.362},{"text":"on","start":7685.555,"end":7685.635},{"text":"behalf","start":7685.635,"end":7685.972},{"text":"of","start":7685.972,"end":7686.052},{"text":"external","start":7686.052,"end":7686.437},{"text":"powers.","start":7686.437,"end":7686.886}]},{"text":"Secondly, in addressing this scourge, the Council must harness the tools available to it and ensure the strict implementation of existing multilateral mechanisms.","start":7687.8,"end":7696.348,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":7687.8,"end":7688.49},{"text":"in","start":7688.682,"end":7688.73},{"text":"addressing","start":7688.778,"end":7689.291},{"text":"this","start":7689.404,"end":7689.821},{"text":"scourge,","start":7689.885,"end":7690.318},{"text":"the","start":7690.366,"end":7690.446},{"text":"Council","start":7690.446,"end":7690.815},{"text":"must","start":7690.815,"end":7691.007},{"text":"harness","start":7691.007,"end":7691.408},{"text":"the","start":7691.408,"end":7691.489},{"text":"tools","start":7691.489,"end":7691.825},{"text":"available","start":7691.825,"end":7692.242},{"text":"to","start":7692.274,"end":7692.419},{"text":"it","start":7692.515,"end":7692.739},{"text":"and","start":7692.916,"end":7693.221},{"text":"ensure","start":7693.333,"end":7693.686},{"text":"the","start":7693.734,"end":7693.83},{"text":"strict","start":7693.83,"end":7694.135},{"text":"implementation","start":7694.135,"end":7694.744},{"text":"of","start":7694.776,"end":7694.856},{"text":"existing","start":7694.856,"end":7695.257},{"text":"multilateral","start":7695.257,"end":7695.738},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":7695.738,"end":7696.348}]},{"text":"This means making full use of Council's panels of experts and sanctions regimes who play a precious role in documenting the facts and disrupting the link between pillaging of natural resources and funding the parties to the conflict.","start":7697.021,"end":7709.033,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade 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week, This Council adopted sanctions against 8 individuals and entities related to armed groups destabilizing the east of the DRC, including the M23, the FDLR, and the ADF terrorist 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we have repeatedly stressed, we must work so that the sanctions regime relating to Sudan is brought more into line with the reality of the current 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also means providing support to existing multilateral mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process the OECD mechanisms or the International Conference for the Great Lakes Region, as well as the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative.","start":7731.547,"end":7746.919,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Just","start":7760.48,"end":7760.61},{"text":"last","start":7760.658,"end":7761},{"text":"week","start":7761,"end":7761.407},{"text":"at","start":7761.407,"end":7761.537},{"text":"the","start":7761.732,"end":7761.927},{"text":"EU,","start":7762.041,"end":7762.545},{"text":"we","start":7762.627,"end":7762.789},{"text":"adopted","start":7762.806,"end":7763.408},{"text":"a","start":7763.505,"end":7763.684},{"text":"ban","start":7763.765,"end":7764.139},{"text":"on","start":7764.4,"end":7764.53},{"text":"the","start":7764.644,"end":7764.774},{"text":"import","start":7764.888,"end":7765.311},{"text":"of","start":7765.311,"end":7767.279},{"text":"of","start":7765.582,"end":7765.678},{"text":"Sudanese","start":7765.678,"end":7766.351},{"text":"gold","start":7766.624,"end":7767.089},{"text":"and","start":7767.105,"end":7767.169},{"text":"sanctions","start":7767.249,"end":7767.794},{"text":"targeting","start":7767.81,"end":7768.355},{"text":"gold","start":7768.547,"end":7768.836},{"text":"trafficking.","start":7768.868,"end":7769.301}]},{"text":"Madam President, to conclude, the sovereignty of every state over its natural resources is a fundamental issue.","start":7770.07,"end":7774.078,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7770.07,"end":7770.295},{"text":"President,","start":7770.295,"end":7770.615},{"text":"to","start":7770.631,"end":7770.776},{"text":"conclude,","start":7770.776,"end":7771.16},{"text":"the","start":7771.273,"end":7771.369},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7771.369,"end":7771.737},{"text":"of","start":7771.737,"end":7771.802},{"text":"every","start":7771.818,"end":7771.93},{"text":"state","start":7771.93,"end":7772.315},{"text":"over","start":7772.315,"end":7772.475},{"text":"its","start":7772.475,"end":7772.539},{"text":"natural","start":7772.539,"end":7772.779},{"text":"resources","start":7772.779,"end":7773.052},{"text":"is","start":7773.052,"end":7773.132},{"text":"a","start":7773.132,"end":7773.196},{"text":"fundamental","start":7773.196,"end":7773.741},{"text":"issue.","start":7773.821,"end":7774.078}]},{"text":"These resources should be harnessed for sustainable and equitable development of people's— of countries' populations.","start":7774.158,"end":7779.063,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7774.158,"end":7774.286},{"text":"resources","start":7774.302,"end":7774.623},{"text":"should","start":7774.623,"end":7774.735},{"text":"be","start":7774.735,"end":7774.815},{"text":"harnessed","start":7774.879,"end":7775.424},{"text":"for","start":7775.424,"end":7775.537},{"text":"sustainable","start":7775.537,"end":7776.146},{"text":"and","start":7776.226,"end":7776.306},{"text":"equitable","start":7776.386,"end":7776.739},{"text":"development","start":7776.739,"end":7777.284},{"text":"of","start":7777.284,"end":7777.38},{"text":"people's—","start":7777.588,"end":7778.005},{"text":"of","start":7778.021,"end":7778.101},{"text":"countries'","start":7778.23,"end":7778.486},{"text":"populations.","start":7778.486,"end":7779.063}]},{"text":"France supports the objective expressed by the DRC to work to improve the effectiveness and coherence of international initiatives to ensure the proper use of these resources.","start":7779.111,"end":7788.954,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate 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to the future, we stand fully ready to contribute to the Council's work to that end.","start":7789.387,"end":7793.603,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Looking","start":7789.387,"end":7789.643},{"text":"to","start":7789.691,"end":7789.771},{"text":"the","start":7789.771,"end":7789.868},{"text":"future,","start":7789.868,"end":7790.381},{"text":"we","start":7790.413,"end":7790.509},{"text":"stand","start":7790.509,"end":7790.958},{"text":"fully","start":7790.974,"end":7791.198},{"text":"ready","start":7791.23,"end":7791.438},{"text":"to","start":7791.551,"end":7791.791},{"text":"contribute","start":7791.791,"end":7792.336},{"text":"to","start":7792.336,"end":7792.4},{"text":"the","start":7792.432,"end":7792.513},{"text":"Council's","start":7792.513,"end":7792.897},{"text":"work","start":7792.913,"end":7793.234},{"text":"to","start":7793.234,"end":7793.314},{"text":"that","start":7793.314,"end":7793.538},{"text":"end.","start":7793.538,"end":7793.603}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":7793.779,"end":7794.965,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7793.779,"end":7793.875},{"text":"you","start":7793.875,"end":7793.955},{"text":"very","start":7793.955,"end":7794.741},{"text":"much.","start":7794.741,"end":7794.965}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"FRA","affiliation_full":"France","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":37,"start":7795.318,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=7796","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of France for that statement.","start":7795.318,"end":7798.874,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7795.318,"end":7795.366},{"text":"thank","start":7795.462,"end":7795.959},{"text":"the","start":7796.199,"end":7796.392},{"text":"representative","start":7796.44,"end":7797.161},{"text":"of","start":7797.225,"end":7797.37},{"text":"France","start":7797.387,"end":7797.888},{"text":"for","start":7797.888,"end":7798.082},{"text":"that","start":7798.114,"end":7798.244},{"text":"statement.","start":7798.308,"end":7798.874}]},{"text":"And I now give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Roberto Curi-Pesantes, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility of Ecuador.","start":7799.505,"end":7809.569,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7799.505,"end":7799.57},{"text":"I","start":7799.651,"end":7799.683},{"text":"now","start":7799.683,"end":7799.845},{"text":"give","start":7799.909,"end":7800.12},{"text":"the","start":7800.136,"end":7800.217},{"text":"floor","start":7800.217,"end":7800.653},{"text":"to","start":7801.122,"end":7801.413},{"text":"His","start":7803.047,"end":7803.192},{"text":"Excellency","start":7803.225,"end":7803.839},{"text":"Mr.","start":7804.017,"end":7804.438},{"text":"Roberto","start":7804.502,"end":7805.085},{"text":"Curi-Pesantes,","start":7805.085,"end":7806.103},{"text":"Minister","start":7806.217,"end":7806.605},{"text":"for","start":7806.605,"end":7806.67},{"text":"Foreign","start":7806.67,"end":7806.917},{"text":"Affairs","start":7806.966,"end":7807.411},{"text":"and","start":7807.592,"end":7807.757},{"text":"Human","start":7807.757,"end":7808.152},{"text":"Mobility","start":7808.416,"end":7808.943},{"text":"of","start":7808.943,"end":7809.075},{"text":"Ecuador.","start":7809.075,"end":7809.569}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":38,"start":7815.528,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=7816","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, distinguished members of the Security Council, good afternoon.","start":7815.528,"end":7821.487,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7815.528,"end":7815.754},{"text":"President,","start":7815.786,"end":7816.351},{"text":"distinguished","start":7818.112,"end":7818.612},{"text":"members","start":7818.612,"end":7818.984},{"text":"of","start":7819.161,"end":7819.307},{"text":"the","start":7819.339,"end":7819.581},{"text":"Security","start":7819.581,"end":7820.13},{"text":"Council,","start":7820.13,"end":7820.679},{"text":"good","start":7820.873,"end":7821.034},{"text":"afternoon.","start":7821.099,"end":7821.487}]},{"text":"I'd like to begin by thanking the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this debate on a matter which goes beyond the mere management of natural resources and sits at the crux of peace, security, and geopolitics in the 21st century.","start":7823.198,"end":7839.316,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":7823.198,"end":7823.279},{"text":"like","start":7823.295,"end":7823.473},{"text":"to","start":7823.521,"end":7823.618},{"text":"begin","start":7823.618,"end":7823.99},{"text":"by","start":7824.022,"end":7824.203},{"text":"thanking","start":7824.842,"end":7825.301},{"text":"the","start":7825.498,"end":7825.662},{"text":"Democratic","start":7825.662,"end":7826.138},{"text":"Republic","start":7826.154,"end":7826.564},{"text":"of","start":7826.564,"end":7826.646},{"text":"the","start":7826.646,"end":7826.679},{"text":"Congo","start":7826.679,"end":7826.761},{"text":"for","start":7826.761,"end":7826.843},{"text":"convening","start":7826.843,"end":7826.974},{"text":"this","start":7826.974,"end":7827.024},{"text":"debate","start":7827.024,"end":7827.155},{"text":"on","start":7827.155,"end":7827.269},{"text":"a","start":7829.222,"end":7829.302},{"text":"matter","start":7829.302,"end":7829.864},{"text":"which","start":7829.864,"end":7830.073},{"text":"goes","start":7830.17,"end":7830.395},{"text":"beyond","start":7830.491,"end":7830.797},{"text":"the","start":7830.909,"end":7831.005},{"text":"mere","start":7831.005,"end":7831.246},{"text":"management","start":7831.246,"end":7832.034},{"text":"of","start":7832.034,"end":7832.114},{"text":"natural","start":7832.114,"end":7832.436},{"text":"resources","start":7832.436,"end":7833.046},{"text":"and","start":7833.786,"end":7834.091},{"text":"sits","start":7834.187,"end":7834.541},{"text":"at","start":7834.75,"end":7834.943},{"text":"the","start":7835.007,"end":7835.232},{"text":"crux","start":7835.232,"end":7835.746},{"text":"of","start":7835.746,"end":7835.859},{"text":"peace,","start":7835.955,"end":7836.18},{"text":"security,","start":7836.293,"end":7836.984},{"text":"and","start":7837.08,"end":7837.144},{"text":"geopolitics","start":7837.176,"end":7838.285},{"text":"in","start":7838.285,"end":7838.35},{"text":"the","start":7838.35,"end":7838.382},{"text":"21st","start":7838.382,"end":7838.865},{"text":"century.","start":7838.865,"end":7839.316}]},{"text":"The energy transition and the technological revolution have conferred unprecedented geostrategic value on critical minerals and rare earths.","start":7840.782,"end":7854.075,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7840.782,"end":7840.862},{"text":"energy","start":7840.878,"end":7841.281},{"text":"transition","start":7841.281,"end":7841.893},{"text":"and","start":7842.006,"end":7842.183},{"text":"the","start":7842.232,"end":7842.425},{"text":"technological","start":7842.57,"end":7843.375},{"text":"revolution","start":7843.375,"end":7844.052},{"text":"have","start":7844.569,"end":7845.039},{"text":"conferred","start":7847.099,"end":7847.796},{"text":"unprecedented","start":7848.72,"end":7849.888},{"text":"geostrategic","start":7849.92,"end":7850.991},{"text":"value","start":7851.218,"end":7851.574},{"text":"on","start":7851.947,"end":7852.093},{"text":"critical","start":7852.191,"end":7852.596},{"text":"minerals","start":7852.628,"end":7853.147},{"text":"and","start":7853.18,"end":7853.326},{"text":"rare","start":7853.326,"end":7853.684},{"text":"earths.","start":7853.733,"end":7854.075}]},{"text":"Their growing global demand has created opportunities for the countries that possess them, but it has also heightened the risks of illicit exploitation and the spread of illegal economies.","start":7854.644,"end":7866.607,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7953.028,"end":7953.188},{"text":"President,","start":7953.188,"end":7953.606},{"text":"beyond","start":7953.911,"end":7954.248},{"text":"its","start":7954.248,"end":7954.489},{"text":"devastating","start":7954.65,"end":7955.292},{"text":"environmental","start":7955.292,"end":7955.999},{"text":"impact,","start":7956.079,"end":7956.577},{"text":"illegal","start":7956.737,"end":7957.074},{"text":"mining","start":7957.074,"end":7957.492},{"text":"has","start":7957.524,"end":7957.636},{"text":"become","start":7957.685,"end":7957.974},{"text":"one","start":7958.182,"end":7958.391},{"text":"of","start":7958.648,"end":7958.793},{"text":"the","start":7958.889,"end":7959.001},{"text":"main","start":7959.001,"end":7959.258},{"text":"sources","start":7959.387,"end":7959.788},{"text":"of","start":7959.788,"end":7959.868},{"text":"funds","start":7959.868,"end":7960.366},{"text":"for","start":7960.431,"end":7960.607},{"text":"transnational","start":7960.607,"end":7961.217},{"text":"organized","start":7961.217,"end":7961.619},{"text":"crime.","start":7961.619,"end":7961.94}]},{"text":"Combating this scourge means acting at every link of the supply chain, illicit extraction is just the beginning of a criminal network which encompasses smuggling, money laundering, corruption, and the international marketing of minerals of dubious origin.","start":7963.225,"end":7980.436,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8119.771,"end":8119.868},{"text":"President","start":8119.868,"end":8120.303},{"text":"stressed","start":8120.367,"end":8121.221},{"text":"that","start":8121.221,"end":8121.463},{"text":"international","start":8121.865,"end":8122.478},{"text":"cooperation","start":8122.51,"end":8123.138},{"text":"will","start":8123.17,"end":8123.267},{"text":"strengthen","start":8123.267,"end":8124.105},{"text":"Ecuador","start":8124.523,"end":8125.12},{"text":"that","start":8125.265,"end":8125.41},{"text":"is","start":8125.41,"end":8125.474},{"text":"no","start":8125.571,"end":8125.828},{"text":"longer","start":8125.828,"end":8126.392},{"text":"battling","start":8127.176,"end":8127.721},{"text":"transnational","start":8128.074,"end":8128.667},{"text":"mafias","start":8128.667,"end":8129.163},{"text":"alone.","start":8129.339,"end":8129.724}]},{"text":"This initiative is part of a comprehensive national security plan.","start":8130.301,"end":8134.771,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8130.301,"end":8130.365},{"text":"initiative","start":8130.477,"end":8130.974},{"text":"is","start":8131.022,"end":8131.086},{"text":"part","start":8131.118,"end":8131.519},{"text":"of","start":8131.583,"end":8131.807},{"text":"a","start":8131.903,"end":8132.063},{"text":"comprehensive","start":8132.063,"end":8133.089},{"text":"national","start":8133.185,"end":8133.617},{"text":"security","start":8133.617,"end":8134.29},{"text":"plan.","start":8134.322,"end":8134.771}]},{"text":"This is a public policy to dismantle criminal structures that use illegal mining as their main mechanism for funding and money laundering.","start":8134.867,"end":8142.782,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":8150.489,"end":8150.681},{"text":"President,","start":8150.746,"end":8151.627},{"text":"technological","start":8151.771,"end":8152.268},{"text":"innovation","start":8152.268,"end":8152.78},{"text":"and","start":8152.829,"end":8152.909},{"text":"the","start":8152.909,"end":8153.005},{"text":"green","start":8153.005,"end":8153.197},{"text":"transition","start":8153.229,"end":8153.678},{"text":"cannot","start":8153.854,"end":8154.142},{"text":"be","start":8154.19,"end":8154.415},{"text":"built","start":8154.415,"end":8154.831},{"text":"on","start":8155.376,"end":8155.521},{"text":"minerals","start":8156.05,"end":8156.563},{"text":"tainted","start":8156.595,"end":8156.995},{"text":"by","start":8156.995,"end":8157.156},{"text":"violence","start":8157.156,"end":8157.797},{"text":"or","start":8157.861,"end":8157.909},{"text":"economic","start":8157.957,"end":8158.294},{"text":"exclusion","start":8158.294,"end":8158.887},{"text":"of","start":8159.224,"end":8159.368},{"text":"supplier","start":8159.576,"end":8160.041},{"text":"countries.","start":8160.041,"end":8160.57}]},{"text":"I appeal to this Security Council to incorporate geostrategic governance of natural resources and the fight against their illicit exploitation within their mandates and conflict prevention strategies.","start":8160.987,"end":8175.879,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Excellencies, Madame Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner, Minister of State and Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation for the Francophonie of Congolese in the Diaspora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":8210.768,"end":8232.689,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8210.768,"end":8212.717},{"text":"you,","start":8212.717,"end":8212.96},{"text":"Madam","start":8213.187,"end":8213.447},{"text":"President.","start":8213.447,"end":8213.658},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":8217.359,"end":8217.748},{"text":"Madame","start":8218.219,"end":8218.689},{"text":"Thérèse","start":8219.062,"end":8219.419},{"text":"Kayikwamba","start":8219.694,"end":8220.538},{"text":"Wagner,","start":8221.478,"end":8222.256},{"text":"Minister","start":8222.921,"end":8223.343},{"text":"of","start":8223.343,"end":8223.375},{"text":"State","start":8223.375,"end":8223.991},{"text":"and","start":8223.991,"end":8224.137},{"text":"Minister","start":8224.137,"end":8224.543},{"text":"of","start":8224.543,"end":8224.608},{"text":"Foreign","start":8224.64,"end":8224.916},{"text":"Affairs","start":8224.948,"end":8225.5},{"text":"and","start":8226.32,"end":8226.481},{"text":"International","start":8226.481,"end":8226.979},{"text":"Cooperation","start":8226.979,"end":8227.751},{"text":"for","start":8228.105,"end":8228.25},{"text":"the","start":8228.25,"end":8228.33},{"text":"Francophonie","start":8228.33,"end":8228.877},{"text":"of","start":8228.974,"end":8229.07},{"text":"Congolese","start":8229.07,"end":8229.681},{"text":"in","start":8229.939,"end":8229.987},{"text":"the","start":8230.1,"end":8230.196},{"text":"Diaspora","start":8230.196,"end":8231.322},{"text":"of","start":8231.322,"end":8231.402},{"text":"the","start":8231.402,"end":8231.483},{"text":"Democratic","start":8231.483,"end":8231.885},{"text":"Republic","start":8231.885,"end":8232.207},{"text":"of","start":8232.207,"end":8232.287},{"text":"the","start":8232.287,"end":8232.367},{"text":"Congo.","start":8232.367,"end":8232.689}]},{"text":"We wish to begin by extending our congratulations to the DRC in light of its— under the leadership of its President for this outstanding Security Council presidency.","start":8236.614,"end":8250.865,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8236.614,"end":8236.842},{"text":"wish","start":8236.842,"end":8237.005},{"text":"to","start":8237.102,"end":8237.363},{"text":"begin","start":8238.243,"end":8238.699},{"text":"by","start":8238.959,"end":8239.139},{"text":"extending","start":8239.139,"end":8239.562},{"text":"our","start":8239.562,"end":8239.627},{"text":"congratulations","start":8239.627,"end":8240.572},{"text":"to","start":8240.605,"end":8240.784},{"text":"the","start":8240.914,"end":8241.175},{"text":"DRC","start":8241.272,"end":8242.005},{"text":"in","start":8242.693,"end":8242.741},{"text":"light","start":8242.773,"end":8243.079},{"text":"of","start":8243.079,"end":8243.24},{"text":"its—","start":8243.24,"end":8243.433},{"text":"under","start":8243.883,"end":8244.607},{"text":"the","start":8244.607,"end":8244.687},{"text":"leadership","start":8244.687,"end":8245.121},{"text":"of","start":8245.17,"end":8245.33},{"text":"its","start":8245.33,"end":8245.427},{"text":"President","start":8245.427,"end":8247.936},{"text":"for","start":8247.936,"end":8248.386},{"text":"this","start":8248.402,"end":8248.515},{"text":"outstanding","start":8248.708,"end":8249.319},{"text":"Security","start":8249.383,"end":8249.769},{"text":"Council","start":8249.785,"end":8250.22},{"text":"presidency.","start":8250.22,"end":8250.865}]},{"text":"We'd also like to pay tribute to the President— the presence this morning of the Secretary General, and we thank him for his briefing.","start":8251.768,"end":8258.769,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'd","start":8251.768,"end":8251.865},{"text":"also","start":8251.865,"end":8252.171},{"text":"like","start":8252.171,"end":8252.575},{"text":"to","start":8252.575,"end":8252.865},{"text":"pay","start":8253.22,"end":8253.542},{"text":"tribute","start":8253.542,"end":8254.059},{"text":"to","start":8254.059,"end":8254.172},{"text":"the","start":8254.204,"end":8254.284},{"text":"President—","start":8254.349,"end":8254.946},{"text":"the","start":8255.075,"end":8255.156},{"text":"presence","start":8255.252,"end":8255.639},{"text":"this","start":8255.639,"end":8255.704},{"text":"morning","start":8255.801,"end":8256.01},{"text":"of","start":8256.059,"end":8256.14},{"text":"the","start":8256.14,"end":8256.172},{"text":"Secretary","start":8256.204,"end":8256.623},{"text":"General,","start":8256.623,"end":8256.978},{"text":"and","start":8257.591,"end":8257.656},{"text":"we","start":8257.656,"end":8257.753},{"text":"thank","start":8257.753,"end":8257.978},{"text":"him","start":8257.978,"end":8258.156},{"text":"for","start":8258.156,"end":8258.237},{"text":"his","start":8258.237,"end":8258.366},{"text":"briefing.","start":8258.478,"end":8258.769}]},{"text":"And I convey my greetings to my dear sister, Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, the Director-General of the WTO.","start":8262.862,"end":8271.886,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8262.862,"end":8263.105},{"text":"I","start":8263.105,"end":8263.153},{"text":"convey","start":8263.347,"end":8263.752},{"text":"my","start":8263.752,"end":8263.929},{"text":"greetings","start":8263.929,"end":8264.463},{"text":"to","start":8265.304,"end":8265.514},{"text":"my","start":8265.724,"end":8265.966},{"text":"dear","start":8265.966,"end":8266.193},{"text":"sister,","start":8266.193,"end":8266.92},{"text":"Ngozi","start":8268.207,"end":8268.672},{"text":"Okonjo-Iweala,","start":8268.769,"end":8269.749},{"text":"the","start":8269.813,"end":8269.91},{"text":"Director-General","start":8270.215,"end":8270.809},{"text":"of","start":8270.857,"end":8270.922},{"text":"the","start":8271.018,"end":8271.195},{"text":"WTO.","start":8271.195,"end":8271.886}]},{"text":"We thank her for a very helpful 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":8302.831,"end":8303.007},{"text":"governance","start":8303.007,"end":8303.441},{"text":"is","start":8303.554,"end":8303.618},{"text":"challenged,","start":8304.132,"end":8304.743},{"text":"they","start":8305.402,"end":8305.498},{"text":"can","start":8305.643,"end":8305.787},{"text":"fuel","start":8305.964,"end":8306.366},{"text":"conflict,","start":8306.382,"end":8306.928},{"text":"finance","start":8307.009,"end":8307.539},{"text":"armed","start":8307.651,"end":8307.876},{"text":"groups,","start":8307.908,"end":8308.39},{"text":"undermine","start":8308.953,"end":8309.403},{"text":"state","start":8309.435,"end":8309.821},{"text":"authority,","start":8309.901,"end":8310.335},{"text":"and","start":8310.961,"end":8311.042},{"text":"deprive","start":8311.042,"end":8311.411},{"text":"populations","start":8311.524,"end":8312.054},{"text":"of","start":8312.151,"end":8312.263},{"text":"the","start":8312.327,"end":8312.488},{"text":"benefits","start":8312.488,"end":8312.986},{"text":"of","start":8313.548,"end":8313.661},{"text":"their","start":8313.757,"end":8314.031},{"text":"own","start":8314.079,"end":8314.223},{"text":"wealth.","start":8314.416,"end":8314.625}]},{"text":"The challenge before us today is therefore not the availability of natural resources, but the quality of the governance also matters.","start":8315.766,"end":8324.576,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8330.137,"end":8330.217},{"text":"first","start":8330.217,"end":8330.537},{"text":"one","start":8330.537,"end":8330.746},{"text":"is","start":8330.842,"end":8330.906},{"text":"strengthen","start":8330.938,"end":8331.371},{"text":"governance","start":8331.419,"end":8331.996},{"text":"frameworks.","start":8332.541,"end":8333.134}]},{"text":"Member states should reinforce legal, regulatory, and institutional frameworks governing access to extraction and the trade in natural resources in full respect of the sovereignty of the countries of origin.","start":8333.486,"end":8348.086,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Member","start":8333.486,"end":8333.678},{"text":"states","start":8333.678,"end":8334.047},{"text":"should","start":8334.047,"end":8334.736},{"text":"reinforce","start":8334.736,"end":8335.393},{"text":"legal,","start":8335.569,"end":8335.954},{"text":"regulatory,","start":8336.467,"end":8336.996},{"text":"and","start":8337.188,"end":8337.3},{"text":"institutional","start":8337.348,"end":8338.246},{"text":"frameworks","start":8338.294,"end":8338.903},{"text":"governing","start":8339.431,"end":8339.8},{"text":"access","start":8339.912,"end":8340.377},{"text":"to","start":8340.377,"end":8340.489},{"text":"extraction","start":8341.13,"end":8341.627},{"text":"and","start":8341.819,"end":8341.915},{"text":"the","start":8341.915,"end":8341.995},{"text":"trade","start":8342.076,"end":8342.364},{"text":"in","start":8343.021,"end":8343.101},{"text":"natural","start":8343.101,"end":8343.502},{"text":"resources","start":8343.502,"end":8344.015},{"text":"in","start":8344.479,"end":8344.607},{"text":"full","start":8344.64,"end":8344.912},{"text":"respect","start":8345.024,"end":8345.521},{"text":"of","start":8345.521,"end":8345.617},{"text":"the","start":8345.697,"end":8345.938},{"text":"sovereignty","start":8346.338,"end":8347.028},{"text":"of","start":8347.028,"end":8347.124},{"text":"the","start":8347.124,"end":8347.204},{"text":"countries","start":8347.204,"end":8347.605},{"text":"of","start":8347.621,"end":8347.733},{"text":"origin.","start":8347.845,"end":8348.086}]},{"text":"Illegal exploitation must be addressed through effective enforcement, anti-corruption measures, and action against illicit financial flows.","start":8349.048,"end":8358.073,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Illegal","start":8349.048,"end":8349.464},{"text":"exploitation","start":8349.609,"end":8350.25},{"text":"must","start":8350.41,"end":8350.699},{"text":"be","start":8350.731,"end":8350.971},{"text":"addressed","start":8350.971,"end":8351.452},{"text":"through","start":8351.452,"end":8351.628},{"text":"effective","start":8352.254,"end":8352.719},{"text":"enforcement,","start":8352.719,"end":8353.44},{"text":"anti-corruption","start":8353.937,"end":8354.626},{"text":"measures,","start":8354.738,"end":8355.107},{"text":"and","start":8355.78,"end":8355.845},{"text":"action","start":8356.005,"end":8356.293},{"text":"against","start":8356.342,"end":8356.774},{"text":"illicit","start":8356.903,"end":8357.287},{"text":"financial","start":8357.287,"end":8357.72},{"text":"flows.","start":8357.768,"end":8358.073}]},{"text":"Existing international and regional mechanisms, including the Kimberley Process, to which the Republic of Angola contributed by— based on its own experience of a long conflict conflict and the so-called blood diamonds then, the OECD due diligence guidance, the regional certification mechanism of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region, and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative provide valuable foundations for that.","start":8359.067,"end":8390.781,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Existing","start":8359.067,"end":8359.596},{"text":"international","start":8359.772,"end":8360.67},{"text":"and","start":8360.734,"end":8360.878},{"text":"regional","start":8360.974,"end":8361.407},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":8361.872,"end":8362.321},{"text":"including","start":8362.353,"end":8362.77},{"text":"the","start":8362.834,"end":8362.978},{"text":"Kimberley","start":8362.978,"end":8363.363},{"text":"Process,","start":8363.395,"end":8363.812},{"text":"to","start":8364.453,"end":8364.613},{"text":"which","start":8364.677,"end":8364.886},{"text":"the","start":8364.998,"end":8365.094},{"text":"Republic","start":8365.094,"end":8365.543},{"text":"of","start":8365.543,"end":8365.639},{"text":"Angola","start":8365.655,"end":8366.216},{"text":"contributed","start":8366.745,"end":8367.451},{"text":"by—","start":8367.483,"end":8367.675},{"text":"based","start":8367.964,"end":8368.429},{"text":"on","start":8368.509,"end":8368.653},{"text":"its","start":8369.31,"end":8369.471},{"text":"own","start":8369.551,"end":8369.695},{"text":"experience","start":8370.609,"end":8371.25},{"text":"of","start":8371.25,"end":8371.41},{"text":"a","start":8371.41,"end":8371.555},{"text":"long","start":8371.555,"end":8371.699},{"text":"conflict","start":8371.795,"end":8372.132},{"text":"conflict","start":8372.116,"end":8372.903},{"text":"and","start":8372.935,"end":8372.999},{"text":"the","start":8373.08,"end":8373.128},{"text":"so-called","start":8373.16,"end":8373.802},{"text":"blood","start":8373.802,"end":8374.059},{"text":"diamonds","start":8374.059,"end":8374.59},{"text":"then,","start":8374.622,"end":8374.814},{"text":"the","start":8375.73,"end":8375.987},{"text":"OECD","start":8376.051,"end":8377.754},{"text":"due","start":8378.316,"end":8378.525},{"text":"diligence","start":8378.541,"end":8379.071},{"text":"guidance,","start":8379.103,"end":8379.521},{"text":"the","start":8379.585,"end":8379.746},{"text":"regional","start":8379.746,"end":8380.179},{"text":"certification","start":8380.34,"end":8381.015},{"text":"mechanism","start":8381.047,"end":8381.625},{"text":"of","start":8382.171,"end":8382.251},{"text":"the","start":8382.251,"end":8382.316},{"text":"International","start":8382.316,"end":8382.862},{"text":"Conference","start":8382.878,"end":8383.36},{"text":"of","start":8383.36,"end":8383.392},{"text":"the","start":8383.392,"end":8383.536},{"text":"Great","start":8383.536,"end":8383.842},{"text":"Lakes","start":8383.842,"end":8384.099},{"text":"Region,","start":8384.163,"end":8384.468},{"text":"and","start":8385.287,"end":8385.384},{"text":"the","start":8385.448,"end":8385.705},{"text":"Extractive","start":8385.801,"end":8386.347},{"text":"Industries","start":8386.347,"end":8386.829},{"text":"Transparency","start":8386.829,"end":8387.536},{"text":"Initiative","start":8387.552,"end":8388.163},{"text":"provide","start":8388.677,"end":8389.319},{"text":"valuable","start":8389.319,"end":8389.721},{"text":"foundations","start":8389.721,"end":8390.331},{"text":"for","start":8390.363,"end":8390.524},{"text":"that.","start":8390.524,"end":8390.781}]},{"text":"Our collective priority should therefore be strengthen their implementation, traceability, forward global supply chains, and harness emerging technologies to enhance transparency and accountability.","start":8391.632,"end":8406.937,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":8391.632,"end":8391.809},{"text":"collective","start":8391.809,"end":8392.258},{"text":"priority","start":8392.291,"end":8392.821},{"text":"should","start":8393.479,"end":8393.688},{"text":"therefore","start":8393.72,"end":8394.106},{"text":"be","start":8394.138,"end":8394.395},{"text":"strengthen","start":8395.005,"end":8395.632},{"text":"their","start":8395.824,"end":8396.162},{"text":"implementation,","start":8396.21,"end":8396.917},{"text":"traceability,","start":8397.912,"end":8398.681},{"text":"forward","start":8399.419,"end":8399.836},{"text":"global","start":8399.836,"end":8400.188},{"text":"supply","start":8400.236,"end":8400.717},{"text":"chains,","start":8400.781,"end":8401.166},{"text":"and","start":8401.743,"end":8401.823},{"text":"harness","start":8401.904,"end":8402.352},{"text":"emerging","start":8402.481,"end":8402.849},{"text":"technologies","start":8403.042,"end":8403.651},{"text":"to","start":8403.699,"end":8403.843},{"text":"enhance","start":8403.843,"end":8404.276},{"text":"transparency","start":8404.709,"end":8405.334},{"text":"and","start":8405.991,"end":8406.216},{"text":"accountability.","start":8406.328,"end":8406.937}]},{"text":"Second priority is to deepen international cooperation.","start":8407.947,"end":8411.987,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Second","start":8407.947,"end":8408.556},{"text":"priority","start":8408.556,"end":8409.101},{"text":"is","start":8409.694,"end":8409.742},{"text":"to","start":8409.775,"end":8409.903},{"text":"deepen","start":8409.935,"end":8410.304},{"text":"international","start":8410.72,"end":8411.426},{"text":"cooperation.","start":8411.442,"end":8411.987}]},{"text":"Illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources are transnational challenges that require coordinated responses.","start":8412.82,"end":8421.204,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Congo.","start":8633.866,"end":8639.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Constant","start":8633.866,"end":8634.287},{"text":"Serge","start":8634.287,"end":8634.659},{"text":"Bunda,","start":8634.918,"end":8635.258},{"text":"Minister","start":8635.274,"end":8635.679},{"text":"for","start":8635.727,"end":8635.841},{"text":"Foreign","start":8635.841,"end":8636.132},{"text":"Affairs","start":8636.132,"end":8636.52},{"text":"of","start":8636.569,"end":8636.634},{"text":"the","start":8636.634,"end":8636.715},{"text":"Francophonie","start":8636.715,"end":8637.411},{"text":"and","start":8637.67,"end":8637.896},{"text":"Congolese","start":8637.928,"end":8638.463},{"text":"Abroad","start":8638.641,"end":8639.11},{"text":"of","start":8639.207,"end":8639.32},{"text":"Congo.","start":8639.547,"end":8639.79}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":42,"start":8643.14,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=8644","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellencies, Ms. Thérèse Kayekwambo Wagner, President of the Security Council and Minister of the DRC, dear 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from my sister Distinguished members of the Council, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the Republic of the Congo welcomes the convening of this important meeting of the United Nations Security Council devoted to the theme Natural Resource Governance: The Foundation of Peace, Security, and 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better than the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which holds the presidency of the Security Council this month, to bring this essential debate to the heart of the institution, our institution that embodies multilateralism, peace, justice, and respect for international 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Excellency Mr. Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo, whom I have the honor of representing before this distinguished assembly, places peace, Pan-Africanism, the defense of multilateralism, and sustainable management of natural resources at the heart of his political and diplomatic action.","start":8706.07,"end":8727.751,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":8914.683,"end":8915.277},{"text":"ladies","start":8915.374,"end":8915.631},{"text":"and","start":8915.631,"end":8915.743},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":8915.775,"end":8916.16},{"text":"by","start":8916.192,"end":8916.337},{"text":"way","start":8916.337,"end":8916.433},{"text":"of","start":8916.449,"end":8916.53},{"text":"conclusion,","start":8916.578,"end":8917.124},{"text":"the","start":8917.236,"end":8917.429},{"text":"Republic","start":8917.958,"end":8918.424},{"text":"of","start":8918.424,"end":8918.488},{"text":"the","start":8918.504,"end":8918.568},{"text":"Congo","start":8918.601,"end":8918.89},{"text":"will","start":8918.922,"end":8919.114},{"text":"continue","start":8919.387,"end":8920.013},{"text":"alongside","start":8920.752,"end":8921.346},{"text":"its","start":8921.346,"end":8921.49},{"text":"African","start":8921.554,"end":8921.892},{"text":"and","start":8921.892,"end":8921.972},{"text":"international","start":8921.972,"end":8922.598},{"text":"partners","start":8922.598,"end":8922.983},{"text":"to","start":8923.176,"end":8923.353},{"text":"work","start":8923.417,"end":8923.754},{"text":"for","start":8924.524,"end":8924.701},{"text":"mediation,","start":8924.701,"end":8925.247},{"text":"conflict","start":8925.343,"end":8925.809},{"text":"prevention,","start":8925.825,"end":8926.435},{"text":"and","start":8926.692,"end":8926.997},{"text":"the","start":8927.029,"end":8927.222},{"text":"sustainable","start":8927.366,"end":8927.928},{"text":"management","start":8927.928,"end":8928.458},{"text":"of","start":8928.458,"end":8928.554},{"text":"natural","start":8928.554,"end":8928.907},{"text":"resources.","start":8928.955,"end":8929.565}]},{"text":"We thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and in particular its head of state, His Excellency Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo, for this pioneering and valuable initiative to which we fully subscribe.","start":8930.561,"end":8946.101,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8930.561,"end":8930.641},{"text":"thank","start":8930.641,"end":8930.946},{"text":"the","start":8930.946,"end":8930.994},{"text":"Democratic","start":8931.042,"end":8931.508},{"text":"Republic","start":8931.508,"end":8931.909},{"text":"of","start":8931.909,"end":8932.006},{"text":"the","start":8932.006,"end":8932.086},{"text":"Congo,","start":8932.086,"end":8932.552},{"text":"and","start":8933.515,"end":8933.659},{"text":"in","start":8933.852,"end":8933.9},{"text":"particular","start":8933.996,"end":8934.59},{"text":"its","start":8935.056,"end":8935.329},{"text":"head","start":8935.345,"end":8935.473},{"text":"of","start":8935.473,"end":8935.538},{"text":"state,","start":8935.538,"end":8935.939},{"text":"His","start":8936.003,"end":8936.18},{"text":"Excellency","start":8936.18,"end":8936.742},{"text":"Félix-Antoine","start":8937.368,"end":8937.946},{"text":"Tshisekedi","start":8937.946,"end":8938.588},{"text":"Tshilombo,","start":8938.588,"end":8939.134},{"text":"for","start":8939.15,"end":8939.358},{"text":"this","start":8939.374,"end":8939.631},{"text":"pioneering","start":8939.631,"end":8940.45},{"text":"and","start":8940.514,"end":8940.579},{"text":"valuable","start":8940.595,"end":8941.108},{"text":"initiative","start":8941.397,"end":8942.023},{"text":"to","start":8942.264,"end":8942.457},{"text":"which","start":8943.9,"end":8944.111},{"text":"we","start":8944.305,"end":8944.564},{"text":"fully","start":8945.421,"end":8945.616},{"text":"subscribe.","start":8945.616,"end":8946.101}]},{"text":"Thank you very much for your kind attention.","start":8946.15,"end":8949.047,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8946.15,"end":8946.392},{"text":"you","start":8946.392,"end":8946.457},{"text":"very","start":8946.473,"end":8946.651},{"text":"much","start":8946.651,"end":8946.991},{"text":"for","start":8947.04,"end":8947.121},{"text":"your","start":8947.121,"end":8947.202},{"text":"kind","start":8947.202,"end":8947.444},{"text":"attention.","start":8947.444,"end":8949.047}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Constant Serge Bunda","affiliation":"COG","affiliation_full":"Congo","group":null,"function":"Minister for Foreign Affairs, Francophonie and Congolese Abroad"}},{"statement_number":43,"start":8949.823,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=8950","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank His Excellency Mr. Bundafra's statement.","start":8949.823,"end":8952.655,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8949.823,"end":8949.856},{"text":"thank","start":8949.953,"end":8950.196},{"text":"His","start":8950.196,"end":8950.26},{"text":"Excellency","start":8950.519,"end":8951.07},{"text":"Mr.","start":8951.07,"end":8951.296},{"text":"Bundafra's","start":8951.345,"end":8951.911},{"text":"statement.","start":8951.911,"end":8952.655}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to His Excellency Mubitalua Belwa, Executive Secretary of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region.","start":8953.027,"end":8962.32,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8953.027,"end":8953.076},{"text":"now","start":8953.432,"end":8953.561},{"text":"give","start":8953.852,"end":8954.273},{"text":"the","start":8954.5,"end":8954.662},{"text":"floor","start":8954.662,"end":8955.098},{"text":"to","start":8955.859,"end":8956.004},{"text":"His","start":8956.102,"end":8956.215},{"text":"Excellency","start":8956.36,"end":8957.218},{"text":"Mubitalua","start":8957.558,"end":8958.529},{"text":"Belwa,","start":8958.529,"end":8958.933},{"text":"Executive","start":8958.965,"end":8959.418},{"text":"Secretary","start":8959.418,"end":8959.969},{"text":"of","start":8960.001,"end":8960.05},{"text":"the","start":8960.05,"end":8960.082},{"text":"International","start":8960.098,"end":8960.686},{"text":"Conference","start":8960.882,"end":8961.307},{"text":"on","start":8961.307,"end":8961.389},{"text":"the","start":8961.389,"end":8961.47},{"text":"Great","start":8961.47,"end":8961.715},{"text":"Lakes","start":8961.715,"end":8962.026},{"text":"Region.","start":8962.026,"end":8962.32}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":44,"start":8964.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=8965","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"President of the Security Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, Francophone and Congolese Diaspora, Her Excellency Teresa Kaikwamba Wagner, His Excellency Secretary-General of the United Nations and Director-General also of the World Trade Organization, distinguished members of Security Council, ladies and gentlemen.","start":8964.35,"end":8984.567,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"President","start":8964.35,"end":8964.624},{"text":"of","start":8964.624,"end":8964.688},{"text":"the","start":8964.688,"end":8964.721},{"text":"Security","start":8964.721,"end":8965.188},{"text":"Council","start":8965.253,"end":8965.785},{"text":"and","start":8965.995,"end":8966.06},{"text":"Minister","start":8966.156,"end":8966.528},{"text":"of","start":8966.544,"end":8966.64},{"text":"Foreign","start":8966.64,"end":8966.931},{"text":"Affairs,","start":8966.963,"end":8967.496},{"text":"International","start":8968.092,"end":8968.576},{"text":"Cooperation,","start":8968.576,"end":8969.157},{"text":"Francophone","start":8969.727,"end":8970.196},{"text":"and","start":8970.309,"end":8970.455},{"text":"Congolese","start":8970.455,"end":8970.811},{"text":"Diaspora,","start":8970.875,"end":8971.522},{"text":"Her","start":8971.975,"end":8972.007},{"text":"Excellency","start":8972.007,"end":8972.54},{"text":"Teresa","start":8972.573,"end":8972.912},{"text":"Kaikwamba","start":8972.977,"end":8974.432},{"text":"Wagner,","start":8974.432,"end":8974.852},{"text":"His","start":8975.224,"end":8975.903},{"text":"Excellency","start":8975.968,"end":8976.582},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":8976.63,"end":8977.406},{"text":"of","start":8977.406,"end":8977.439},{"text":"the","start":8977.439,"end":8977.471},{"text":"United","start":8977.471,"end":8977.892},{"text":"Nations","start":8977.892,"end":8978.199},{"text":"and","start":8978.392,"end":8978.473},{"text":"Director-General","start":8978.473,"end":8979.215},{"text":"also","start":8979.747,"end":8979.988},{"text":"of","start":8979.988,"end":8980.101},{"text":"the","start":8980.101,"end":8980.23},{"text":"World","start":8980.23,"end":8980.408},{"text":"Trade","start":8980.408,"end":8980.633},{"text":"Organization,","start":8980.633,"end":8981.262},{"text":"distinguished","start":8981.939,"end":8982.584},{"text":"members","start":8982.584,"end":8982.842},{"text":"of","start":8982.842,"end":8982.907},{"text":"Security","start":8982.907,"end":8983.277},{"text":"Council,","start":8983.293,"end":8983.777},{"text":"ladies","start":8983.793,"end":8984.051},{"text":"and","start":8984.051,"end":8984.196},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":8984.196,"end":8984.567}]},{"text":"Allow me from the outset— allow me from the outset to thank the chairperson of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region, His Excellency President Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi President of the DRC, for ably steering the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region as chairperson.","start":8985.579,"end":9004.298,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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Excellency, Madam Theresa Wagner, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":9188.071,"end":9197.273,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":9188.071,"end":9188.231},{"text":"Excellency,","start":9188.231,"end":9188.841},{"text":"Madam","start":9189.37,"end":9189.674},{"text":"Theresa","start":9189.674,"end":9189.947},{"text":"Wagner,","start":9189.995,"end":9190.476},{"text":"the","start":9190.7,"end":9190.893},{"text":"Minister","start":9191.053,"end":9191.71},{"text":"of","start":9191.903,"end":9192.255},{"text":"Foreign","start":9193.506,"end":9193.746},{"text":"Affairs,","start":9193.746,"end":9194.067},{"text":"International","start":9194.083,"end":9194.484},{"text":"Cooperation,","start":9194.484,"end":9195.093},{"text":"and","start":9195.141,"end":9195.221},{"text":"Francophonie","start":9195.221,"end":9195.814},{"text":"of","start":9195.926,"end":9195.99},{"text":"the","start":9195.99,"end":9196.039},{"text":"Democratic","start":9196.039,"end":9196.327},{"text":"Republic","start":9196.327,"end":9196.792},{"text":"of","start":9196.792,"end":9196.872},{"text":"the","start":9196.872,"end":9196.968},{"text":"Congo.","start":9196.968,"end":9197.273}]},{"text":"Excellencies, members of the Council, ladies and gentlemen, peace and God's blessings be upon you.","start":9197.465,"end":9201.313,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":9197.465,"end":9198.107},{"text":"members","start":9198.123,"end":9198.411},{"text":"of","start":9198.411,"end":9198.491},{"text":"the","start":9198.491,"end":9198.571},{"text":"Council,","start":9198.571,"end":9198.956},{"text":"ladies","start":9198.972,"end":9199.213},{"text":"and","start":9199.213,"end":9199.293},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":9199.293,"end":9199.742},{"text":"peace","start":9199.774,"end":9199.934},{"text":"and","start":9199.934,"end":9200.014},{"text":"God's","start":9200.014,"end":9200.239},{"text":"blessings","start":9200.239,"end":9200.623},{"text":"be","start":9200.671,"end":9200.752},{"text":"upon","start":9200.816,"end":9201.12},{"text":"you.","start":9201.12,"end":9201.313}]},{"text":"At the outset, I'd like to extend my sincere congratulations to the Democratic Republic of the Congo on its assumption of the Presidency of the Security Council for the current month of 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9336.674,"end":9336.77},{"text":"have","start":9336.77,"end":9336.947},{"text":"expanded","start":9336.947,"end":9337.477},{"text":"investments","start":9337.477,"end":9338.039},{"text":"in","start":9338.055,"end":9338.103},{"text":"renewable","start":9338.199,"end":9338.569},{"text":"energy","start":9338.697,"end":9339.066},{"text":"and","start":9339.323,"end":9339.628},{"text":"low-carbon","start":9339.982,"end":9340.833},{"text":"hydrogen","start":9341.009,"end":9341.539},{"text":"projects.","start":9341.812,"end":9342.358}]},{"text":"This all reflects the commitment to striking a balance between energy security and climate action.","start":9343.819,"end":9349.661,"topics":[{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9343.819,"end":9343.883},{"text":"all","start":9344.06,"end":9344.156},{"text":"reflects","start":9344.156,"end":9344.637},{"text":"the","start":9344.637,"end":9344.798},{"text":"commitment","start":9344.798,"end":9345.536},{"text":"to","start":9345.664,"end":9345.793},{"text":"striking","start":9345.937,"end":9346.451},{"text":"a","start":9346.547,"end":9346.643},{"text":"balance","start":9346.643,"end":9347.013},{"text":"between","start":9347.205,"end":9347.574},{"text":"energy","start":9347.606,"end":9347.895},{"text":"security","start":9347.927,"end":9348.537},{"text":"and","start":9348.714,"end":9348.794},{"text":"climate","start":9348.874,"end":9349.356},{"text":"action.","start":9349.356,"end":9349.661}]},{"text":"The governance of natural resources cannot be separated from the security of global supply chains, particularly the protection of critical infrastructure and international maritime routes through which global trade and energy supplies pass.","start":9350.576,"end":9366.368,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9350.576,"end":9350.8},{"text":"governance","start":9350.8,"end":9351.41},{"text":"of","start":9351.523,"end":9351.827},{"text":"natural","start":9351.94,"end":9352.582},{"text":"resources","start":9352.582,"end":9353.272},{"text":"cannot","start":9353.609,"end":9354.09},{"text":"be","start":9354.09,"end":9354.267},{"text":"separated","start":9354.267,"end":9354.893},{"text":"from","start":9354.893,"end":9354.989},{"text":"the","start":9354.989,"end":9355.069},{"text":"security","start":9355.069,"end":9355.679},{"text":"of","start":9355.776,"end":9355.84},{"text":"global","start":9355.872,"end":9356.193},{"text":"supply","start":9356.193,"end":9356.594},{"text":"chains,","start":9356.594,"end":9356.883},{"text":"particularly","start":9357.557,"end":9358.167},{"text":"the","start":9358.263,"end":9358.36},{"text":"protection","start":9358.36,"end":9358.809},{"text":"of","start":9358.921,"end":9359.05},{"text":"critical","start":9359.066,"end":9359.483},{"text":"infrastructure","start":9359.483,"end":9360.253},{"text":"and","start":9360.43,"end":9360.815},{"text":"international","start":9360.912,"end":9361.554},{"text":"maritime","start":9361.554,"end":9362.099},{"text":"routes","start":9362.998,"end":9363.335},{"text":"through","start":9363.399,"end":9363.528},{"text":"which","start":9363.576,"end":9363.784},{"text":"global","start":9364.041,"end":9364.41},{"text":"trade","start":9364.523,"end":9364.924},{"text":"and","start":9364.94,"end":9365.004},{"text":"energy","start":9365.084,"end":9365.341},{"text":"supplies","start":9365.341,"end":9365.951},{"text":"pass.","start":9366.063,"end":9366.368}]},{"text":"This constitutes— or these constitute essential pillars for the stability of the global economy.","start":9366.609,"end":9372.935,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9366.609,"end":9366.802},{"text":"constitutes—","start":9367.026,"end":9368.005},{"text":"or","start":9368.214,"end":9368.31},{"text":"these","start":9368.31,"end":9368.519},{"text":"constitute","start":9368.936,"end":9369.531},{"text":"essential","start":9369.531,"end":9369.884},{"text":"pillars","start":9369.996,"end":9370.365},{"text":"for","start":9370.558,"end":9370.719},{"text":"the","start":9371.104,"end":9371.216},{"text":"stability","start":9371.216,"end":9371.811},{"text":"of","start":9371.939,"end":9372.019},{"text":"the","start":9372.084,"end":9372.164},{"text":"global","start":9372.164,"end":9372.501},{"text":"economy.","start":9372.501,"end":9372.935}]},{"text":"Accordingly, any attack on these maritime routes or any disruption of navigation through them threatens not only the interests of exporting countries, but also directly undermines global energy security, international supply chains, and the stability of international markets.","start":9374.235,"end":9392.78,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate 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President, Since the 28th of February, Iran has continued to launch ballistic missile and drone attacks against the member states of the GCC and other countries without any lawful justification and in a flagrant violation of the principles of international law, the Charter of the United Nations, and the rules of good neighborliness.","start":9392.957,"end":9415.232,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9392.957,"end":9393.198},{"text":"President,","start":9393.198,"end":9393.615},{"text":"Since","start":9395.864,"end":9396.153},{"text":"the","start":9396.153,"end":9396.329},{"text":"28th","start":9396.329,"end":9396.892},{"text":"of","start":9396.892,"end":9397.229},{"text":"February,","start":9397.309,"end":9397.903},{"text":"Iran","start":9398.899,"end":9399.268},{"text":"has","start":9399.285,"end":9399.429},{"text":"continued","start":9399.461,"end":9400.104},{"text":"to","start":9400.104,"end":9400.232},{"text":"launch","start":9400.328,"end":9400.553},{"text":"ballistic","start":9400.746,"end":9401.405},{"text":"missile","start":9401.405,"end":9401.967},{"text":"and","start":9402.095,"end":9402.191},{"text":"drone","start":9402.191,"end":9402.561},{"text":"attacks","start":9402.673,"end":9403.332},{"text":"against","start":9403.541,"end":9403.878},{"text":"the","start":9403.878,"end":9403.958},{"text":"member","start":9403.958,"end":9404.215},{"text":"states","start":9404.215,"end":9404.6},{"text":"of","start":9404.6,"end":9404.697},{"text":"the","start":9404.745,"end":9404.841},{"text":"GCC","start":9404.841,"end":9405.468},{"text":"and","start":9405.468,"end":9405.628},{"text":"other","start":9405.628,"end":9405.869},{"text":"countries","start":9405.869,"end":9406.255},{"text":"without","start":9406.672,"end":9407.074},{"text":"any","start":9407.074,"end":9407.25},{"text":"lawful","start":9407.315,"end":9407.684},{"text":"justification","start":9407.732,"end":9408.487},{"text":"and","start":9408.68,"end":9408.84},{"text":"in","start":9408.84,"end":9408.889},{"text":"a","start":9408.953,"end":9408.969},{"text":"flagrant","start":9409.017,"end":9409.643},{"text":"violation","start":9409.643,"end":9410.238},{"text":"of","start":9410.302,"end":9410.382},{"text":"the","start":9410.382,"end":9410.462},{"text":"principles","start":9410.462,"end":9410.96},{"text":"of","start":9410.96,"end":9411.041},{"text":"international","start":9411.041,"end":9411.667},{"text":"law,","start":9411.667,"end":9411.828},{"text":"the","start":9412.47,"end":9412.566},{"text":"Charter","start":9412.566,"end":9413.032},{"text":"of","start":9413.032,"end":9413.096},{"text":"the","start":9413.096,"end":9413.161},{"text":"United","start":9413.161,"end":9413.434},{"text":"Nations,","start":9413.434,"end":9413.803},{"text":"and","start":9413.899,"end":9413.98},{"text":"the","start":9413.98,"end":9414.06},{"text":"rules","start":9414.06,"end":9414.381},{"text":"of","start":9414.381,"end":9414.429},{"text":"good","start":9414.542,"end":9414.686},{"text":"neighborliness.","start":9414.718,"end":9415.232}]},{"text":"These attacks continue and they pose a grave danger to the GCC member states and to regional and international peace and security.","start":9415.907,"end":9424.852,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":9415.907,"end":9416.051},{"text":"attacks","start":9416.068,"end":9416.469},{"text":"continue","start":9416.469,"end":9416.854},{"text":"and","start":9417.368,"end":9417.433},{"text":"they","start":9417.449,"end":9417.529},{"text":"pose","start":9417.609,"end":9417.898},{"text":"a","start":9418.155,"end":9418.332},{"text":"grave","start":9418.412,"end":9418.862},{"text":"danger","start":9419.039,"end":9419.553},{"text":"to","start":9419.617,"end":9419.777},{"text":"the","start":9419.777,"end":9419.858},{"text":"GCC","start":9419.858,"end":9420.275},{"text":"member","start":9420.275,"end":9420.516},{"text":"states","start":9420.516,"end":9420.998},{"text":"and","start":9421.448,"end":9421.753},{"text":"to","start":9421.865,"end":9421.994},{"text":"regional","start":9422.106,"end":9422.652},{"text":"and","start":9422.652,"end":9422.733},{"text":"international","start":9422.765,"end":9423.568},{"text":"peace","start":9424.114,"end":9424.274},{"text":"and","start":9424.274,"end":9424.355},{"text":"security.","start":9424.355,"end":9424.852}]},{"text":"These attacks disrupt the path of development and stability.","start":9425.157,"end":9427.871,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":9425.157,"end":9425.286},{"text":"attacks","start":9425.318,"end":9425.8},{"text":"disrupt","start":9425.8,"end":9426.201},{"text":"the","start":9426.201,"end":9426.346},{"text":"path","start":9426.346,"end":9426.587},{"text":"of","start":9426.587,"end":9426.667},{"text":"development","start":9426.667,"end":9427.309},{"text":"and","start":9427.309,"end":9427.357},{"text":"stability.","start":9427.357,"end":9427.871}]},{"text":"They place the global economy at serious risk.","start":9428.273,"end":9432.046,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9428.273,"end":9428.449},{"text":"place","start":9428.449,"end":9428.755},{"text":"the","start":9428.931,"end":9429.092},{"text":"global","start":9429.092,"end":9429.509},{"text":"economy","start":9429.59,"end":9430.103},{"text":"at","start":9430.521,"end":9430.746},{"text":"serious","start":9430.842,"end":9431.452},{"text":"risk.","start":9431.725,"end":9432.046}]},{"text":"From this podium, we renew our call upon the international community, foremost among them the Security Council, to discharge its legal responsibilities by putting an end to these attacks and deterring Iran from continuing its aggressive policies in a manner that preserves international peace and security and safeguards the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states These attacks not only target the countries targeted, but also constitute a pattern of conduct that ultimately harms the Iranian people, who continue to bear the consequences of a regime that squanders the nation's resources on escalation and conflict rather than directing these resources towards development and prosperity and improving the living standards of its citizens while securing their 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Iranian conduct is unacceptable.","start":9479.673,"end":9482.242,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9479.673,"end":9479.833},{"text":"Iranian","start":9479.833,"end":9480.203},{"text":"conduct","start":9480.219,"end":9480.716},{"text":"is","start":9481.519,"end":9481.6},{"text":"unacceptable.","start":9481.6,"end":9482.242}]},{"text":"It is inconsistent with the Charter of the United Nations.","start":9483.109,"end":9485.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9483.109,"end":9483.189},{"text":"is","start":9483.189,"end":9483.253},{"text":"inconsistent","start":9483.285,"end":9483.928},{"text":"with","start":9483.928,"end":9483.992},{"text":"the","start":9483.992,"end":9484.088},{"text":"Charter","start":9484.088,"end":9484.393},{"text":"of","start":9484.393,"end":9484.474},{"text":"the","start":9484.49,"end":9484.522},{"text":"United","start":9484.538,"end":9484.875},{"text":"Nations.","start":9484.875,"end":9485.26}]},{"text":"It undermines international efforts aimed at promoting peace, security, and prosperity.","start":9485.694,"end":9490.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9485.694,"end":9485.822},{"text":"undermines","start":9485.919,"end":9486.417},{"text":"international","start":9486.417,"end":9486.995},{"text":"efforts","start":9487.059,"end":9487.428},{"text":"aimed","start":9487.685,"end":9487.862},{"text":"at","start":9487.862,"end":9488.006},{"text":"promoting","start":9488.006,"end":9488.472},{"text":"peace,","start":9488.584,"end":9488.729},{"text":"security,","start":9488.745,"end":9489.355},{"text":"and","start":9489.532,"end":9489.692},{"text":"prosperity.","start":9489.692,"end":9490.27}]},{"text":"And it underscores the urgent need for a firm international position that ensures respect for international law, guarantees freedom of navigation, and protects critical infrastructure associated with energy and natural resources.","start":9490.896,"end":9504.528,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. 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for Iran's dangerous practices targeting the freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz, which include: 1, targeting commercial vessels; 2, laying naval mines; 3, attempting to impose mandatory shipping lanes within Iran's territorial waters; 4, making explicit threats to prevent transit; and 5, repeatedly threatening to close the Strait of Hormuz.","start":9506.016,"end":9533.867,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9506.016,"end":9506.08},{"text":"for","start":9506.177,"end":9506.387},{"text":"Iran's","start":9506.662,"end":9507.373},{"text":"dangerous","start":9507.406,"end":9507.988},{"text":"practices","start":9508.602,"end":9509.152},{"text":"targeting","start":9509.507,"end":9509.96},{"text":"the","start":9509.992,"end":9510.235},{"text":"freedom","start":9510.235,"end":9510.542},{"text":"of","start":9510.542,"end":9510.59},{"text":"navigation","start":9510.59,"end":9511.172},{"text":"in","start":9511.205,"end":9511.253},{"text":"the","start":9511.285,"end":9511.366},{"text":"Strait","start":9511.366,"end":9511.673},{"text":"of","start":9511.673,"end":9511.754},{"text":"Hormuz,","start":9511.754,"end":9512.142},{"text":"which","start":9512.805,"end":9512.902},{"text":"include:","start":9512.902,"end":9513.386},{"text":"1,","start":9514.257,"end":9514.386},{"text":"targeting","start":9515.564,"end":9516.016},{"text":"commercial","start":9516.113,"end":9516.532},{"text":"vessels;","start":9516.532,"end":9516.984},{"text":"2,","start":9517.404,"end":9517.533},{"text":"laying","start":9519.356,"end":9519.646},{"text":"naval","start":9519.679,"end":9520.066},{"text":"mines;","start":9520.066,"end":9520.534},{"text":"3,","start":9520.889,"end":9521.212},{"text":"attempting","start":9522.39,"end":9522.792},{"text":"to","start":9522.824,"end":9522.969},{"text":"impose","start":9522.985,"end":9523.485},{"text":"mandatory","start":9523.646,"end":9524.274},{"text":"shipping","start":9524.274,"end":9524.644},{"text":"lanes","start":9524.676,"end":9524.886},{"text":"within","start":9525.063,"end":9525.369},{"text":"Iran's","start":9525.401,"end":9525.707},{"text":"territorial","start":9525.707,"end":9526.19},{"text":"waters;","start":9526.19,"end":9526.577},{"text":"4,","start":9527.656,"end":9527.93},{"text":"making","start":9528.155,"end":9528.493},{"text":"explicit","start":9528.606,"end":9529.089},{"text":"threats","start":9529.25,"end":9529.589},{"text":"to","start":9529.589,"end":9529.75},{"text":"prevent","start":9529.814,"end":9530.233},{"text":"transit;","start":9530.233,"end":9530.78},{"text":"and","start":9530.861,"end":9530.941},{"text":"5,","start":9531.038,"end":9531.521},{"text":"repeatedly","start":9531.57,"end":9532.259},{"text":"threatening","start":9532.259,"end":9532.718},{"text":"to","start":9532.833,"end":9532.965},{"text":"close","start":9532.981,"end":9533.293},{"text":"the","start":9533.326,"end":9533.408},{"text":"Strait","start":9533.408,"end":9533.67},{"text":"of","start":9533.67,"end":9533.752},{"text":"Hormuz.","start":9533.752,"end":9533.867}]},{"text":"These practices constitute a clear violation of international law and undermine confidence in the security of one of the world's most important maritime waterways.","start":9535.128,"end":9543.564,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":9535.128,"end":9535.257},{"text":"practices","start":9535.29,"end":9535.741},{"text":"constitute","start":9536.419,"end":9537.064},{"text":"a","start":9537.064,"end":9537.225},{"text":"clear","start":9537.225,"end":9537.467},{"text":"violation","start":9537.467,"end":9537.951},{"text":"of","start":9537.951,"end":9538.032},{"text":"international","start":9538.032,"end":9538.58},{"text":"law","start":9538.58,"end":9538.677},{"text":"and","start":9538.983,"end":9539.129},{"text":"undermine","start":9539.306,"end":9539.693},{"text":"confidence","start":9539.725,"end":9540.242},{"text":"in","start":9540.29,"end":9540.371},{"text":"the","start":9540.371,"end":9540.451},{"text":"security","start":9540.451,"end":9540.983},{"text":"of","start":9541.016,"end":9541.08},{"text":"one","start":9541.08,"end":9541.145},{"text":"of","start":9541.193,"end":9541.274},{"text":"the","start":9541.274,"end":9541.403},{"text":"world's","start":9541.403,"end":9541.661},{"text":"most","start":9541.661,"end":9541.967},{"text":"important","start":9541.967,"end":9542.516},{"text":"maritime","start":9542.548,"end":9542.984},{"text":"waterways.","start":9543.032,"end":9543.564}]},{"text":"These actions have also resulted in the loss of human life and humanitarian suffering affecting more than 20,000 seafarers of various 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have had a direct impact on international trade and global supply chains.","start":9554.934,"end":9558.877,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9554.934,"end":9555.014},{"text":"have","start":9555.014,"end":9555.11},{"text":"had","start":9555.11,"end":9555.271},{"text":"a","start":9555.271,"end":9555.4},{"text":"direct","start":9555.4,"end":9555.675},{"text":"impact","start":9555.675,"end":9556.225},{"text":"on","start":9556.225,"end":9556.305},{"text":"international","start":9556.305,"end":9556.791},{"text":"trade","start":9556.888,"end":9557.26},{"text":"and","start":9557.438,"end":9557.664},{"text":"global","start":9557.842,"end":9558.133},{"text":"supply","start":9558.133,"end":9558.586},{"text":"chains.","start":9558.586,"end":9558.877}]},{"text":"This calls for the full support for the work done by the International Maritime Organization to address this crisis, to ensure the safety and security of navigation, and to protect civilians.","start":9559.961,"end":9571.626,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9559.961,"end":9560.269},{"text":"calls","start":9560.269,"end":9560.576},{"text":"for","start":9560.673,"end":9560.867},{"text":"the","start":9561.792,"end":9561.872},{"text":"full","start":9561.921,"end":9562.082},{"text":"support","start":9562.082,"end":9562.581},{"text":"for","start":9563.128,"end":9563.338},{"text":"the","start":9563.612,"end":9563.676},{"text":"work","start":9563.708,"end":9563.966},{"text":"done","start":9563.966,"end":9564.143},{"text":"by","start":9564.336,"end":9564.513},{"text":"the","start":9564.513,"end":9564.658},{"text":"International","start":9564.658,"end":9565.222},{"text":"Maritime","start":9565.318,"end":9565.818},{"text":"Organization","start":9565.818,"end":9566.413},{"text":"to","start":9566.51,"end":9566.574},{"text":"address","start":9566.607,"end":9566.913},{"text":"this","start":9566.913,"end":9567.09},{"text":"crisis,","start":9567.09,"end":9567.46},{"text":"to","start":9568.152,"end":9568.249},{"text":"ensure","start":9568.297,"end":9568.523},{"text":"the","start":9568.523,"end":9568.555},{"text":"safety","start":9568.555,"end":9568.909},{"text":"and","start":9568.925,"end":9569.006},{"text":"security","start":9569.022,"end":9569.489},{"text":"of","start":9569.505,"end":9569.569},{"text":"navigation,","start":9569.586,"end":9570.197},{"text":"and","start":9570.375,"end":9570.455},{"text":"to","start":9570.455,"end":9570.52},{"text":"protect","start":9570.52,"end":9571.056},{"text":"civilians.","start":9571.056,"end":9571.626}]},{"text":"Madam President, in this regard, we condemn in the strongest of terms the irresponsible and hostile statements issued by the Houthi militias, including the false allegations directed against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and threats to close the Bab al-Mandeb They therefore require a firm international response that unequivocally rejects these Houthi threats and reaffirms that no party should be permitted to use international maritime routes as instruments of coercion or as a means of undermining international peace and security.","start":9572.081,"end":9631.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9572.081,"end":9572.26},{"text":"President,","start":9572.26,"end":9572.749},{"text":"in","start":9572.993,"end":9573.041},{"text":"this","start":9573.074,"end":9573.22},{"text":"regard,","start":9573.22,"end":9573.497},{"text":"we","start":9574.56,"end":9574.752},{"text":"condemn","start":9575.54,"end":9575.877},{"text":"in","start":9576.118,"end":9576.166},{"text":"the","start":9576.198,"end":9576.279},{"text":"strongest","start":9576.279,"end":9576.777},{"text":"of","start":9576.777,"end":9576.857},{"text":"terms","start":9576.857,"end":9577.13},{"text":"the","start":9577.467,"end":9577.628},{"text":"irresponsible","start":9577.708,"end":9578.319},{"text":"and","start":9578.431,"end":9578.512},{"text":"hostile","start":9578.592,"end":9578.946},{"text":"statements","start":9578.946,"end":9579.428},{"text":"issued","start":9579.508,"end":9579.781},{"text":"by","start":9579.813,"end":9579.974},{"text":"the","start":9579.974,"end":9580.054},{"text":"Houthi","start":9580.118,"end":9580.408},{"text":"militias,","start":9580.44,"end":9580.906},{"text":"including","start":9581.58,"end":9581.934},{"text":"the","start":9581.998,"end":9582.095},{"text":"false","start":9582.127,"end":9582.416},{"text":"allegations","start":9582.544,"end":9583.075},{"text":"directed","start":9583.107,"end":9583.508},{"text":"against","start":9583.508,"end":9583.814},{"text":"the","start":9583.814,"end":9583.91},{"text":"Kingdom","start":9583.91,"end":9584.183},{"text":"of","start":9584.215,"end":9584.28},{"text":"Saudi","start":9584.28,"end":9584.442},{"text":"Arabia","start":9584.475,"end":9584.946},{"text":"and","start":9585.515,"end":9585.824},{"text":"threats","start":9586.019,"end":9586.312},{"text":"to","start":9586.345,"end":9586.475},{"text":"close","start":9586.507,"end":9586.881},{"text":"the","start":9586.995,"end":9587.158},{"text":"Bab","start":9587.158,"end":9587.548},{"text":"al-Mandeb","start":9587.629,"end":9589.938},{"text":"They","start":9616.952,"end":9617.256},{"text":"therefore","start":9618.154,"end":9618.586},{"text":"require","start":9618.619,"end":9618.907},{"text":"a","start":9619.099,"end":9619.115},{"text":"firm","start":9619.115,"end":9619.452},{"text":"international","start":9619.452,"end":9619.917},{"text":"response","start":9619.917,"end":9620.51},{"text":"that","start":9620.558,"end":9620.942},{"text":"unequivocally","start":9620.958,"end":9621.568},{"text":"rejects","start":9621.6,"end":9622.064},{"text":"these","start":9622.064,"end":9622.209},{"text":"Houthi","start":9622.305,"end":9622.625},{"text":"threats","start":9622.625,"end":9622.914},{"text":"and","start":9623.106,"end":9623.218},{"text":"reaffirms","start":9623.266,"end":9623.747},{"text":"that","start":9623.747,"end":9623.859},{"text":"no","start":9623.924,"end":9624.084},{"text":"party","start":9624.084,"end":9624.388},{"text":"should","start":9624.388,"end":9624.533},{"text":"be","start":9624.565,"end":9624.645},{"text":"permitted","start":9624.645,"end":9625.093},{"text":"to","start":9625.126,"end":9625.286},{"text":"use","start":9625.286,"end":9625.526},{"text":"international","start":9625.526,"end":9625.991},{"text":"maritime","start":9625.991,"end":9626.36},{"text":"routes","start":9626.392,"end":9626.712},{"text":"as","start":9626.792,"end":9626.937},{"text":"instruments","start":9627.674,"end":9628.107},{"text":"of","start":9628.107,"end":9628.219},{"text":"coercion","start":9628.251,"end":9628.684},{"text":"or","start":9628.796,"end":9628.876},{"text":"as","start":9628.876,"end":9628.988},{"text":"a","start":9628.988,"end":9629.036},{"text":"means","start":9629.036,"end":9629.18},{"text":"of","start":9629.229,"end":9629.357},{"text":"undermining","start":9629.357,"end":9629.822},{"text":"international","start":9629.934,"end":9630.415},{"text":"peace","start":9630.415,"end":9630.623},{"text":"and","start":9630.735,"end":9630.799},{"text":"security.","start":9630.815,"end":9631.44}]},{"text":"Madam President, our position on the freedom of navigation is firmly grounded on well-established principles of international law.","start":9632.017,"end":9638.204,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9632.017,"end":9632.306},{"text":"President,","start":9632.322,"end":9632.915},{"text":"our","start":9633.043,"end":9633.235},{"text":"position","start":9633.299,"end":9633.812},{"text":"on","start":9634.485,"end":9634.55},{"text":"the","start":9634.582,"end":9634.662},{"text":"freedom","start":9634.662,"end":9634.886},{"text":"of","start":9634.886,"end":9635.046},{"text":"navigation","start":9635.046,"end":9635.591},{"text":"is","start":9635.623,"end":9635.671},{"text":"firmly","start":9635.703,"end":9635.944},{"text":"grounded","start":9635.944,"end":9636.393},{"text":"on","start":9636.489,"end":9636.537},{"text":"well-established","start":9636.585,"end":9637.13},{"text":"principles","start":9637.13,"end":9637.531},{"text":"of","start":9637.531,"end":9637.563},{"text":"international","start":9637.563,"end":9638.172},{"text":"law.","start":9638.172,"end":9638.204}]},{"text":"First, on the 11th of March, Your Esteemed Council adopted Resolution Number 2817, submitted by the Kingdom of Bahrain on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council member states and Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.","start":9638.412,"end":9653.882,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":9638.412,"end":9638.733},{"text":"on","start":9639.79,"end":9639.871},{"text":"the","start":9639.871,"end":9639.919},{"text":"11th","start":9639.935,"end":9640.271},{"text":"of","start":9640.271,"end":9640.399},{"text":"March,","start":9640.415,"end":9640.64},{"text":"Your","start":9641.858,"end":9641.97},{"text":"Esteemed","start":9641.97,"end":9642.355},{"text":"Council","start":9642.371,"end":9642.98},{"text":"adopted","start":9643.076,"end":9643.637},{"text":"Resolution","start":9643.877,"end":9644.486},{"text":"Number","start":9644.534,"end":9644.839},{"text":"2817,","start":9644.839,"end":9646.297},{"text":"submitted","start":9646.779,"end":9647.342},{"text":"by","start":9647.551,"end":9647.76},{"text":"the","start":9648.033,"end":9648.274},{"text":"Kingdom","start":9648.274,"end":9648.708},{"text":"of","start":9648.852,"end":9648.997},{"text":"Bahrain","start":9648.997,"end":9649.463},{"text":"on","start":9649.495,"end":9649.543},{"text":"behalf","start":9649.575,"end":9650.074},{"text":"of","start":9650.122,"end":9650.298},{"text":"the","start":9650.298,"end":9650.379},{"text":"Gulf","start":9650.379,"end":9650.54},{"text":"Cooperation","start":9650.54,"end":9651.07},{"text":"Council","start":9651.102,"end":9651.696},{"text":"member","start":9651.825,"end":9652.002},{"text":"states","start":9652.002,"end":9652.532},{"text":"and","start":9652.612,"end":9652.757},{"text":"Hashemite","start":9652.773,"end":9653.255},{"text":"Kingdom","start":9653.255,"end":9653.496},{"text":"of","start":9653.496,"end":9653.544},{"text":"Jordan.","start":9653.593,"end":9653.882}]},{"text":"This resolution received the support of 136 states, which is the broadest support ever accorded to a Security Council resolution.","start":9654.46,"end":9660.791,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9654.46,"end":9654.621},{"text":"resolution","start":9654.621,"end":9655.248},{"text":"received","start":9655.424,"end":9655.698},{"text":"the","start":9655.698,"end":9655.778},{"text":"support","start":9655.778,"end":9656.244},{"text":"of","start":9656.244,"end":9656.324},{"text":"136","start":9656.324,"end":9657.208},{"text":"states,","start":9657.208,"end":9657.529},{"text":"which","start":9657.77,"end":9657.947},{"text":"is","start":9657.947,"end":9658.028},{"text":"the","start":9658.028,"end":9658.156},{"text":"broadest","start":9658.156,"end":9658.461},{"text":"support","start":9658.477,"end":9658.799},{"text":"ever","start":9658.879,"end":9659.056},{"text":"accorded","start":9659.056,"end":9659.442},{"text":"to","start":9659.458,"end":9659.538},{"text":"a","start":9659.538,"end":9659.554},{"text":"Security","start":9659.554,"end":9660.02},{"text":"Council","start":9660.02,"end":9660.325},{"text":"resolution.","start":9660.325,"end":9660.791}]},{"text":"It unequivocally condemned Iran's attacks against 7 neighboring states, and it determined that any attempt to obstruct the freedom of navigation through the Strait of Hormuz constitutes a threat to international peace and security.","start":9661.29,"end":9671.975,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9661.29,"end":9661.402},{"text":"unequivocally","start":9661.45,"end":9662.093},{"text":"condemned","start":9662.093,"end":9662.495},{"text":"Iran's","start":9662.495,"end":9662.816},{"text":"attacks","start":9662.816,"end":9663.153},{"text":"against","start":9663.153,"end":9663.395},{"text":"7","start":9663.395,"end":9663.828},{"text":"neighboring","start":9663.877,"end":9664.23},{"text":"states,","start":9664.278,"end":9664.664},{"text":"and","start":9665.066,"end":9665.146},{"text":"it","start":9665.242,"end":9665.323},{"text":"determined","start":9665.323,"end":9665.869},{"text":"that","start":9665.869,"end":9665.949},{"text":"any","start":9666.11,"end":9666.287},{"text":"attempt","start":9666.287,"end":9666.608},{"text":"to","start":9666.608,"end":9666.769},{"text":"obstruct","start":9666.785,"end":9667.251},{"text":"the","start":9667.251,"end":9667.331},{"text":"freedom","start":9667.331,"end":9667.637},{"text":"of","start":9667.637,"end":9667.749},{"text":"navigation","start":9667.749,"end":9668.247},{"text":"through","start":9668.247,"end":9668.424},{"text":"the","start":9668.44,"end":9668.472},{"text":"Strait","start":9668.472,"end":9668.794},{"text":"of","start":9668.794,"end":9668.874},{"text":"Hormuz","start":9668.922,"end":9669.227},{"text":"constitutes","start":9669.42,"end":9670.047},{"text":"a","start":9670.047,"end":9670.143},{"text":"threat","start":9670.143,"end":9670.465},{"text":"to","start":9670.465,"end":9670.593},{"text":"international","start":9670.625,"end":9671.108},{"text":"peace","start":9671.108,"end":9671.461},{"text":"and","start":9671.574,"end":9671.718},{"text":"security.","start":9671.734,"end":9671.975}]},{"text":"Second, this right affirmed by the Council is a well-established rule of international law.","start":9675.033,"end":9679.176,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":9675.033,"end":9675.324},{"text":"this","start":9675.599,"end":9675.761},{"text":"right","start":9675.761,"end":9675.939},{"text":"affirmed","start":9675.939,"end":9676.247},{"text":"by","start":9676.247,"end":9676.328},{"text":"the","start":9676.328,"end":9676.489},{"text":"Council","start":9676.489,"end":9676.829},{"text":"is","start":9676.894,"end":9676.943},{"text":"a","start":9677.04,"end":9677.056},{"text":"well-established","start":9677.056,"end":9677.817},{"text":"rule","start":9677.93,"end":9678.237},{"text":"of","start":9678.351,"end":9678.48},{"text":"international","start":9678.513,"end":9679.079},{"text":"law.","start":9679.079,"end":9679.176}]},{"text":"The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea provides in Article 38 that all ships and aircraft enjoy the right of transit passage, which should not be impeded.","start":9679.241,"end":9690.547,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9679.241,"end":9679.338},{"text":"1982","start":9679.338,"end":9680.536},{"text":"United","start":9680.536,"end":9681.102},{"text":"Nations","start":9681.102,"end":9681.555},{"text":"Convention","start":9681.588,"end":9682.09},{"text":"on","start":9682.09,"end":9682.154},{"text":"the","start":9682.154,"end":9682.3},{"text":"Law","start":9682.3,"end":9682.348},{"text":"of","start":9682.381,"end":9682.478},{"text":"the","start":9682.494,"end":9682.559},{"text":"Sea","start":9682.559,"end":9682.866},{"text":"provides","start":9683.773,"end":9684.227},{"text":"in","start":9684.486,"end":9684.551},{"text":"Article","start":9684.664,"end":9684.988},{"text":"38","start":9684.988,"end":9685.621},{"text":"that","start":9685.621,"end":9685.864},{"text":"all","start":9685.945,"end":9686.042},{"text":"ships","start":9686.042,"end":9686.334},{"text":"and","start":9686.35,"end":9686.431},{"text":"aircraft","start":9686.512,"end":9686.917},{"text":"enjoy","start":9686.917,"end":9687.095},{"text":"the","start":9687.16,"end":9687.257},{"text":"right","start":9687.257,"end":9687.582},{"text":"of","start":9687.646,"end":9687.711},{"text":"transit","start":9687.76,"end":9688.311},{"text":"passage,","start":9688.311,"end":9688.732},{"text":"which","start":9688.862,"end":9689.089},{"text":"should","start":9689.105,"end":9689.348},{"text":"not","start":9689.348,"end":9689.705},{"text":"be","start":9689.769,"end":9689.996},{"text":"impeded.","start":9690.094,"end":9690.547}]},{"text":"Article 44 further provides that there shall be no suspension of transit passage.","start":9691.28,"end":9697.114,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":9691.28,"end":9691.473},{"text":"44","start":9691.473,"end":9692.104},{"text":"further","start":9692.104,"end":9692.427},{"text":"provides","start":9692.427,"end":9692.896},{"text":"that","start":9692.928,"end":9693.17},{"text":"there","start":9693.17,"end":9693.267},{"text":"shall","start":9693.267,"end":9693.526},{"text":"be","start":9693.639,"end":9693.849},{"text":"no","start":9694.56,"end":9694.948},{"text":"suspension","start":9695.045,"end":9695.87},{"text":"of","start":9696.015,"end":9696.128},{"text":"transit","start":9696.16,"end":9696.71},{"text":"passage.","start":9696.71,"end":9697.114}]},{"text":"No international legal framework, whether historical or contemporary, permits the closure of an international strait.","start":9698.998,"end":9705.188,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"No","start":9698.998,"end":9699.208},{"text":"international","start":9699.241,"end":9699.952},{"text":"legal","start":9699.952,"end":9700.226},{"text":"framework,","start":9700.226,"end":9700.841},{"text":"whether","start":9700.857,"end":9701.099},{"text":"historical","start":9701.099,"end":9701.616},{"text":"or","start":9701.729,"end":9701.826},{"text":"contemporary,","start":9701.826,"end":9702.861},{"text":"permits","start":9702.941,"end":9703.442},{"text":"the","start":9703.442,"end":9703.588},{"text":"closure","start":9703.588,"end":9704.105},{"text":"of","start":9704.154,"end":9704.25},{"text":"an","start":9704.25,"end":9704.331},{"text":"international","start":9704.331,"end":9704.832},{"text":"strait.","start":9704.832,"end":9705.188}]},{"text":"This right, together with its corresponding obligations, applies equally to all parties with no exception.","start":9705.705,"end":9710.345,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9705.705,"end":9705.931},{"text":"right,","start":9705.931,"end":9706.174},{"text":"together","start":9706.19,"end":9706.658},{"text":"with","start":9706.658,"end":9706.82},{"text":"its","start":9706.82,"end":9706.982},{"text":"corresponding","start":9706.982,"end":9707.37},{"text":"obligations,","start":9707.483,"end":9708.016},{"text":"applies","start":9708.049,"end":9708.421},{"text":"equally","start":9708.453,"end":9708.744},{"text":"to","start":9708.776,"end":9708.906},{"text":"all","start":9709.003,"end":9709.116},{"text":"parties","start":9709.18,"end":9709.633},{"text":"with","start":9709.649,"end":9709.746},{"text":"no","start":9709.746,"end":9709.827},{"text":"exception.","start":9709.908,"end":9710.345}]},{"text":"Freedom of navigation is indivisible regardless of the vessel's flag, destination, or 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reciprocity.","start":9716.23,"end":9719.599,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9716.23,"end":9716.473},{"text":"is","start":9716.942,"end":9716.99},{"text":"not","start":9717.248,"end":9717.441},{"text":"subject","start":9717.441,"end":9717.892},{"text":"to","start":9717.892,"end":9717.956},{"text":"conditions","start":9717.989,"end":9718.601},{"text":"or","start":9718.794,"end":9718.858},{"text":"reciprocity.","start":9718.858,"end":9719.599}]},{"text":"Natural resources should serve as bridges for cooperation, partnership, and development rather than causes for conflict and division.","start":9720.469,"end":9727.07,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"Governed","start":9838.678,"end":9839.083},{"text":"by","start":9839.083,"end":9839.326},{"text":"predation,","start":9839.326,"end":9839.861},{"text":"they","start":9840.785,"end":9840.93},{"text":"finance","start":9840.93,"end":9841.449},{"text":"war.","start":9841.498,"end":9841.627}]},{"text":"Conflict comes not from abundance nor from scarcity, but rather when resources become objects of plunder, of outside interference, and of competition that treats sovereign nations as terrain rather than partners.","start":9843.604,"end":9861.895,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Today","start":9878.802,"end":9879.075},{"text":"it","start":9879.621,"end":9879.702},{"text":"is","start":9879.702,"end":9879.782},{"text":"nickel,","start":9879.911,"end":9880.296},{"text":"cobalt,","start":9881.02,"end":9881.456},{"text":"and","start":9881.94,"end":9882.005},{"text":"other","start":9882.247,"end":9882.586},{"text":"critical","start":9882.732,"end":9883.087},{"text":"minerals.","start":9883.087,"end":9883.523}]},{"text":"The commodities have changed, but the question has not.","start":9885.494,"end":9889.064,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9885.494,"end":9885.575},{"text":"commodities","start":9885.575,"end":9886.189},{"text":"have","start":9886.366,"end":9886.496},{"text":"changed,","start":9886.609,"end":9887.077},{"text":"but","start":9887.982,"end":9888.143},{"text":"the","start":9888.143,"end":9888.24},{"text":"question","start":9888.24,"end":9888.709},{"text":"has","start":9888.709,"end":9888.773},{"text":"not.","start":9888.886,"end":9889.064}]},{"text":"Whom does this wealth actually serve?","start":9889.94,"end":9892.839,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Whom","start":9889.94,"end":9890.166},{"text":"does","start":9890.766,"end":9890.895},{"text":"this","start":9891.009,"end":9891.235},{"text":"wealth","start":9891.251,"end":9891.543},{"text":"actually","start":9892.061,"end":9892.385},{"text":"serve?","start":9892.385,"end":9892.839}]},{"text":"In this context, allow me to make 3 points.","start":9894.248,"end":9896.985,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9894.248,"end":9894.296},{"text":"this","start":9894.329,"end":9894.474},{"text":"context,","start":9894.474,"end":9894.976},{"text":"allow","start":9895.608,"end":9895.738},{"text":"me","start":9895.802,"end":9896.094},{"text":"to","start":9896.272,"end":9896.369},{"text":"make","start":9896.369,"end":9896.515},{"text":"3","start":9896.515,"end":9896.758},{"text":"points.","start":9896.758,"end":9896.985}]},{"text":"First, the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources must be respected.","start":9899.59,"end":9905.754,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10158.28,"end":10158.296},{"text":"also","start":10158.376,"end":10158.586},{"text":"thank","start":10158.635,"end":10159.136},{"text":"the","start":10159.184,"end":10159.297},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":10159.297,"end":10160.137},{"text":"as","start":10160.638,"end":10160.703},{"text":"well","start":10160.8,"end":10160.961},{"text":"as","start":10160.961,"end":10161.123},{"text":"the","start":10161.123,"end":10161.204},{"text":"Director-General","start":10161.22,"end":10161.963},{"text":"of","start":10161.963,"end":10162.044},{"text":"the","start":10162.108,"end":10162.157},{"text":"World","start":10162.254,"end":10162.431},{"text":"Trade","start":10162.431,"end":10162.69},{"text":"Organization","start":10162.69,"end":10163.288},{"text":"for","start":10164.047,"end":10164.225},{"text":"their","start":10164.273,"end":10164.451},{"text":"valuable","start":10164.451,"end":10164.984},{"text":"contributions.","start":10165,"end":10165.469}]},{"text":"Madam President, natural resources, when governed responsibly, are among a country's greatest assets.","start":10168.168,"end":10175.999,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":10177.976,"end":10178.138},{"text":"can","start":10178.138,"end":10178.332},{"text":"drive","start":10178.462,"end":10178.916},{"text":"economic","start":10178.948,"end":10179.369},{"text":"growth,","start":10179.418,"end":10179.726},{"text":"foster","start":10180.406,"end":10180.812},{"text":"shared","start":10180.974,"end":10181.314},{"text":"prosperity,","start":10181.362,"end":10181.881},{"text":"and","start":10182.79,"end":10182.871},{"text":"contribute","start":10182.871,"end":10183.395},{"text":"meaningfully","start":10183.395,"end":10183.934},{"text":"to","start":10184.049,"end":10184.18},{"text":"international","start":10184.196,"end":10184.834},{"text":"peace","start":10184.867,"end":10185.112},{"text":"and","start":10185.112,"end":10185.177},{"text":"security.","start":10185.194,"end":10185.619}]},{"text":"This potential, however, is too often undermined.","start":10188.022,"end":10192.266,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10188.022,"end":10188.216},{"text":"potential,","start":10188.668,"end":10189.362},{"text":"however,","start":10189.62,"end":10189.959},{"text":"is","start":10190.427,"end":10190.491},{"text":"too","start":10190.524,"end":10190.669},{"text":"often","start":10190.766,"end":10191.04},{"text":"undermined.","start":10191.815,"end":10192.266}]},{"text":"The illegal exploitation of natural resources has a long history of fueling instability.","start":10193.251,"end":10198.204,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10193.251,"end":10193.348},{"text":"illegal","start":10193.348,"end":10193.961},{"text":"exploitation","start":10193.993,"end":10194.671},{"text":"of","start":10194.8,"end":10194.897},{"text":"natural","start":10194.961,"end":10195.268},{"text":"resources","start":10195.268,"end":10195.736},{"text":"has","start":10196.075,"end":10196.22},{"text":"a","start":10196.252,"end":10196.268},{"text":"long","start":10196.397,"end":10196.462},{"text":"history","start":10196.639,"end":10197.027},{"text":"of","start":10197.285,"end":10197.35},{"text":"fueling","start":10197.35,"end":10197.64},{"text":"instability.","start":10197.726,"end":10198.204}]},{"text":"And empowering armed groups, terrorists, and criminals at the cost of relevant states and their people.","start":10200.425,"end":10207.147,"topics":[{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10200.425,"end":10200.538},{"text":"empowering","start":10200.603,"end":10201.072},{"text":"armed","start":10201.879,"end":10202.057},{"text":"groups,","start":10202.057,"end":10202.461},{"text":"terrorists,","start":10202.946,"end":10203.592},{"text":"and","start":10203.915,"end":10203.98},{"text":"criminals","start":10204.077,"end":10204.529},{"text":"at","start":10204.804,"end":10204.885},{"text":"the","start":10204.885,"end":10205.046},{"text":"cost","start":10205.046,"end":10205.434},{"text":"of","start":10205.434,"end":10205.596},{"text":"relevant","start":10205.596,"end":10205.935},{"text":"states","start":10205.935,"end":10206.307},{"text":"and","start":10206.582,"end":10206.646},{"text":"their","start":10206.662,"end":10206.824},{"text":"people.","start":10206.889,"end":10207.147}]},{"text":"As the strategic importance of critical minerals grows, responsible resource governance becomes more important than ever to mitigate these risks while unlocking sustainable development opportunities.","start":10209.236,"end":10221.688,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":10209.236,"end":10209.381},{"text":"the","start":10209.413,"end":10209.494},{"text":"strategic","start":10209.494,"end":10210.074},{"text":"importance","start":10210.074,"end":10210.702},{"text":"of","start":10210.702,"end":10210.798},{"text":"critical","start":10210.847,"end":10211.249},{"text":"minerals","start":10211.249,"end":10212.151},{"text":"grows,","start":10212.215,"end":10212.441},{"text":"responsible","start":10213.117,"end":10213.681},{"text":"resource","start":10213.681,"end":10214.196},{"text":"governance","start":10214.551,"end":10215.05},{"text":"becomes","start":10215.05,"end":10215.42},{"text":"more","start":10215.452,"end":10215.678},{"text":"important","start":10215.678,"end":10216.225},{"text":"than","start":10216.242,"end":10216.37},{"text":"ever","start":10216.483,"end":10216.773},{"text":"to","start":10217.546,"end":10217.626},{"text":"mitigate","start":10217.626,"end":10218.158},{"text":"these","start":10218.174,"end":10218.319},{"text":"risks","start":10218.4,"end":10218.794},{"text":"while","start":10219.008,"end":10219.32},{"text":"unlocking","start":10219.403,"end":10219.797},{"text":"sustainable","start":10219.83,"end":10220.455},{"text":"development","start":10220.488,"end":10221.08},{"text":"opportunities.","start":10221.08,"end":10221.688}]},{"text":"With this, the United Arab Emirates wishes to highlight 3 considerations.","start":10225.223,"end":10228.959,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"With","start":10225.223,"end":10225.383},{"text":"this,","start":10225.383,"end":10225.575},{"text":"the","start":10225.848,"end":10225.928},{"text":"United","start":10225.928,"end":10226.265},{"text":"Arab","start":10226.265,"end":10226.49},{"text":"Emirates","start":10226.49,"end":10226.842},{"text":"wishes","start":10227.147,"end":10227.404},{"text":"to","start":10227.468,"end":10227.596},{"text":"highlight","start":10227.612,"end":10228.109},{"text":"3","start":10228.109,"end":10228.35},{"text":"considerations.","start":10228.35,"end":10228.959}]},{"text":"First, natural resource governance requires transparent, accountable, and effective public administration governed by the rule of law.","start":10230.338,"end":10239.431,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsible","start":10240.762,"end":10241.34},{"text":"sourcing,","start":10241.34,"end":10241.789},{"text":"traceability,","start":10241.901,"end":10242.558},{"text":"and","start":10242.863,"end":10242.927},{"text":"improved","start":10243.007,"end":10243.488},{"text":"access","start":10243.488,"end":10243.793},{"text":"to","start":10243.825,"end":10243.986},{"text":"reliable","start":10243.986,"end":10244.467},{"text":"data","start":10244.467,"end":10244.9},{"text":"can","start":10245.188,"end":10245.301},{"text":"support","start":10245.333,"end":10245.814},{"text":"sustainable","start":10245.814,"end":10246.359},{"text":"benefits","start":10246.391,"end":10246.968},{"text":"for","start":10247.337,"end":10247.466},{"text":"communities,","start":10247.514,"end":10248.043},{"text":"together","start":10248.7,"end":10249.037},{"text":"with","start":10249.262,"end":10249.422},{"text":"innovation","start":10249.422,"end":10249.887},{"text":"and","start":10250.16,"end":10250.224},{"text":"digital","start":10250.24,"end":10250.609},{"text":"technology.","start":10250.641,"end":10250.849}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"strategies.","start":10251.594,"end":10252.093,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"strategies.","start":10251.594,"end":10252.093}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"International cooperation, whether involving member states or the United Nations, should prioritize institutional capacity building, technical assistance and knowledge exchange, of course in full respect of sovereignty, national ownership and the development priorities identified by the producing countries themselves.","start":10252.446,"end":10271.1,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":10252.446,"end":10253.057},{"text":"cooperation,","start":10253.073,"end":10253.699},{"text":"whether","start":10253.973,"end":10254.23},{"text":"involving","start":10254.23,"end":10254.744},{"text":"member","start":10254.776,"end":10255.081},{"text":"states","start":10255.081,"end":10255.579},{"text":"or","start":10256.061,"end":10256.222},{"text":"the","start":10256.222,"end":10256.286},{"text":"United","start":10256.286,"end":10256.656},{"text":"Nations,","start":10256.704,"end":10256.993},{"text":"should","start":10257.492,"end":10257.717},{"text":"prioritize","start":10257.749,"end":10258.359},{"text":"institutional","start":10258.391,"end":10259.018},{"text":"capacity","start":10259.034,"end":10259.5},{"text":"building,","start":10259.516,"end":10259.805},{"text":"technical","start":10260.4,"end":10260.802},{"text":"assistance","start":10260.802,"end":10261.252},{"text":"and","start":10261.589,"end":10261.685},{"text":"knowledge","start":10261.685,"end":10262.023},{"text":"exchange,","start":10262.023,"end":10262.537},{"text":"of","start":10263.131,"end":10263.212},{"text":"course","start":10263.212,"end":10263.597},{"text":"in","start":10263.614,"end":10263.742},{"text":"full","start":10263.758,"end":10263.951},{"text":"respect","start":10264.015,"end":10264.658},{"text":"of","start":10264.658,"end":10264.754},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":10264.754,"end":10265.236},{"text":"national","start":10265.783,"end":10266.249},{"text":"ownership","start":10266.329,"end":10266.795},{"text":"and","start":10267.148,"end":10267.309},{"text":"the","start":10267.309,"end":10267.389},{"text":"development","start":10267.389,"end":10267.871},{"text":"priorities","start":10267.871,"end":10268.402},{"text":"identified","start":10268.498,"end":10269.173},{"text":"by","start":10269.543,"end":10269.639},{"text":"the","start":10269.639,"end":10269.719},{"text":"producing","start":10269.784,"end":10270.25},{"text":"countries","start":10270.284,"end":10270.675},{"text":"themselves.","start":10270.692,"end":10271.1}]},{"text":"Second, responsible investment should create lasting value within producing countries.","start":10273.07,"end":10279.874,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":10273.07,"end":10273.445},{"text":"responsible","start":10274.326,"end":10274.963},{"text":"investment","start":10274.963,"end":10275.632},{"text":"should","start":10275.632,"end":10275.844},{"text":"create","start":10275.877,"end":10276.269},{"text":"lasting","start":10276.285,"end":10276.595},{"text":"value","start":10276.693,"end":10277.036},{"text":"within","start":10277.346,"end":10277.64},{"text":"producing","start":10277.754,"end":10278.13},{"text":"countries.","start":10279.534,"end":10279.874}]},{"text":"Producing countries should be supported in moving beyond the extraction and export of raw materials towards domestic processing, industrial development, and greater participation across value chains to ensure sustainable development and shared prosperity.","start":10280.149,"end":10294.682,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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also thank the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the World Trade Organization for their briefings.","start":10446.979,"end":10452.395,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":10474.046,"end":10474.175},{"text":"natural","start":10474.288,"end":10474.61},{"text":"resources","start":10474.61,"end":10475.174},{"text":"are","start":10475.174,"end":10475.496},{"text":"exploited","start":10475.496,"end":10476.399},{"text":"illegally,","start":10476.399,"end":10476.914},{"text":"revenues","start":10477.511,"end":10478.042},{"text":"can","start":10478.316,"end":10478.622},{"text":"finance","start":10478.622,"end":10479.202},{"text":"armed","start":10479.202,"end":10479.427},{"text":"groups,","start":10479.427,"end":10479.764},{"text":"sustain","start":10480.247,"end":10480.857},{"text":"war","start":10481.195,"end":10481.468},{"text":"economies,","start":10483.316,"end":10483.831},{"text":"and","start":10483.943,"end":10484.072},{"text":"deepen","start":10484.104,"end":10484.393},{"text":"instability.","start":10484.747,"end":10485.406}]},{"text":"When managed transparently and responsibly, these same resources can generate economic growth, create jobs, strengthen institutions, and contribute to lasting peace.","start":10486.193,"end":10496.783,"topics":[{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":10486.193,"end":10486.322},{"text":"managed","start":10486.434,"end":10486.756},{"text":"transparently","start":10486.756,"end":10487.447},{"text":"and","start":10487.639,"end":10487.704},{"text":"responsibly,","start":10487.8,"end":10488.009},{"text":"these","start":10488.945,"end":10489.073},{"text":"same","start":10489.121,"end":10489.378},{"text":"resources","start":10489.427,"end":10489.957},{"text":"can","start":10490.31,"end":10490.487},{"text":"generate","start":10490.631,"end":10491.209},{"text":"economic","start":10491.611,"end":10492.077},{"text":"growth,","start":10492.077,"end":10492.478},{"text":"create","start":10492.719,"end":10492.992},{"text":"jobs,","start":10493.185,"end":10493.506},{"text":"strengthen","start":10494.084,"end":10494.63},{"text":"institutions,","start":10494.63,"end":10495.257},{"text":"and","start":10495.369,"end":10495.434},{"text":"contribute","start":10495.53,"end":10496.076},{"text":"to","start":10496.076,"end":10496.156},{"text":"lasting","start":10496.156,"end":10496.462},{"text":"peace.","start":10496.574,"end":10496.783}]},{"text":"As a major producer of uranium, hydrocarbons, and critical minerals, Kazakhstan has accumulated significant experience in its governance.","start":10497.779,"end":10506.5,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"governance-capacity","label":"Governance and Institutional Capacity","description":"Many statements focused on strengthening national institutions, regulatory frameworks, anti-corruption measures, and revenue management systems. 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They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10522.249,"end":10522.281},{"text":"approach","start":10522.281,"end":10522.764},{"text":"is","start":10522.764,"end":10522.892},{"text":"based","start":10522.925,"end":10523.327},{"text":"on","start":10523.569,"end":10523.665},{"text":"the","start":10523.665,"end":10523.794},{"text":"conviction","start":10523.794,"end":10524.261},{"text":"that","start":10524.679,"end":10524.921},{"text":"resource-rich","start":10524.921,"end":10525.597},{"text":"countries","start":10525.645,"end":10526.032},{"text":"should","start":10526.209,"end":10526.386},{"text":"not","start":10526.386,"end":10526.595},{"text":"remain","start":10526.628,"end":10526.982},{"text":"merely","start":10527.432,"end":10527.771},{"text":"suppliers","start":10527.771,"end":10528.447},{"text":"of","start":10528.898,"end":10528.994},{"text":"raw","start":10529.042,"end":10529.123},{"text":"materials.","start":10529.187,"end":10529.654}]},{"text":"Greater emphasis must be given to local processing, technological cooperation, skills development, and the creation of value-added industries.","start":10530.572,"end":10540.542,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."}],"words":[{"text":"Equally","start":10629.545,"end":10629.866},{"text":"important","start":10629.866,"end":10630.604},{"text":"is","start":10630.668,"end":10630.749},{"text":"ensuring","start":10630.749,"end":10631.198},{"text":"that","start":10631.294,"end":10631.535},{"text":"local","start":10631.535,"end":10631.84},{"text":"communities","start":10631.872,"end":10632.482},{"text":"directly","start":10632.594,"end":10632.995},{"text":"benefit","start":10633.076,"end":10633.445},{"text":"from","start":10633.702,"end":10633.91},{"text":"resource","start":10634.343,"end":10634.648},{"text":"development","start":10634.68,"end":10635.29},{"text":"while","start":10635.322,"end":10635.435},{"text":"environmental","start":10635.643,"end":10636.253},{"text":"standards","start":10636.285,"end":10636.815},{"text":"are","start":10637.248,"end":10637.328},{"text":"upheld.","start":10637.328,"end":10637.649}]},{"text":"Our experience in Central Asia further demonstrates that dialogue and regional cooperation can transform home shared natural resources from potential sources of tension into instruments of confidence-building and sustainable development.","start":10638.677,"end":10653.542,"topics":[{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. 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The Republic of Korea expresses the sincere appreciation to the DRC for convening this timely and important debate.","start":10681.308,"end":10690.223,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10681.308,"end":10681.485},{"text":"you,","start":10681.485,"end":10681.726},{"text":"Mr.","start":10681.806,"end":10682.047},{"text":"President.","start":10682.111,"end":10682.77},{"text":"The","start":10683.332,"end":10683.492},{"text":"Republic","start":10683.492,"end":10683.798},{"text":"of","start":10683.798,"end":10683.862},{"text":"Korea","start":10683.894,"end":10684.376},{"text":"expresses","start":10684.456,"end":10685.067},{"text":"the","start":10685.259,"end":10685.5},{"text":"sincere","start":10685.5,"end":10686.014},{"text":"appreciation","start":10686.046,"end":10686.85},{"text":"to","start":10686.85,"end":10686.93},{"text":"the","start":10686.93,"end":10687.107},{"text":"DRC","start":10687.107,"end":10687.749},{"text":"for","start":10687.829,"end":10687.99},{"text":"convening","start":10687.99,"end":10688.359},{"text":"this","start":10688.472,"end":10688.745},{"text":"timely","start":10688.777,"end":10689.13},{"text":"and","start":10689.195,"end":10689.323},{"text":"important","start":10689.42,"end":10689.95},{"text":"debate.","start":10689.95,"end":10690.223}]},{"text":"Whether natural resources finance war or lay the foundation for peace in is determined not by geology but governance.","start":10691.443,"end":10700.385,"topics":[{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. 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Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."}],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":10751.163,"end":10751.292},{"text":"our","start":10751.389,"end":10751.648},{"text":"chairmanship,","start":10751.648,"end":10752.457},{"text":"POJI","start":10752.538,"end":10752.959},{"text":"members","start":10753.088,"end":10753.477},{"text":"adopted","start":10753.768,"end":10754.318},{"text":"the","start":10754.318,"end":10754.48},{"text":"guiding","start":10754.48,"end":10754.885},{"text":"principles","start":10754.885,"end":10755.5},{"text":"by","start":10756.098,"end":10756.212},{"text":"consensus,","start":10756.325,"end":10757.004},{"text":"setting","start":10757.166,"end":10757.571},{"text":"a","start":10757.619,"end":10757.716},{"text":"common","start":10757.716,"end":10758.105},{"text":"direction","start":10758.105,"end":10758.493},{"text":"to","start":10758.93,"end":10759.27},{"text":"enhance","start":10759.432,"end":10759.772},{"text":"investment","start":10760.143,"end":10760.867},{"text":"certainty,","start":10760.867,"end":10761.479},{"text":"support","start":10762.172,"end":10762.719},{"text":"supply","start":10762.719,"end":10763.154},{"text":"chains","start":10763.202,"end":10763.572},{"text":"that","start":10763.685,"end":10763.943},{"text":"uphold","start":10764.007,"end":10764.555},{"text":"high","start":10764.571,"end":10764.844},{"text":"environmental,","start":10764.973,"end":10765.827},{"text":"labor,","start":10765.859,"end":10766.165},{"text":"and","start":10766.261,"end":10766.777},{"text":"transparency","start":10767.211,"end":10767.952},{"text":"standards,","start":10767.952,"end":10768.483},{"text":"and","start":10769.45,"end":10769.564},{"text":"promote","start":10769.646,"end":10770.22},{"text":"responsible","start":10770.22,"end":10771.073},{"text":"business","start":10771.778,"end":10772.254},{"text":"conduct.","start":10772.254,"end":10772.664}]},{"text":"We also introduced a project review process to build a more strategic and result-oriented portfolio.","start":10774.312,"end":10781.667,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10774.312,"end":10774.538},{"text":"also","start":10774.554,"end":10774.926},{"text":"introduced","start":10775.039,"end":10775.67},{"text":"a","start":10775.67,"end":10775.686},{"text":"project","start":10775.993,"end":10776.413},{"text":"review","start":10776.413,"end":10776.817},{"text":"process","start":10776.817,"end":10777.318},{"text":"to","start":10777.852,"end":10778.078},{"text":"build","start":10778.111,"end":10778.434},{"text":"a","start":10778.434,"end":10778.612},{"text":"more","start":10778.741,"end":10778.935},{"text":"strategic","start":10778.935,"end":10779.582},{"text":"and","start":10779.711,"end":10779.937},{"text":"result-oriented","start":10780.034,"end":10780.988},{"text":"portfolio.","start":10781.02,"end":10781.667}]},{"text":"Having transferred the chairmanship to the United States this month, we remain strictly engaged.","start":10782.86,"end":10790.598,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Having","start":10782.86,"end":10783.022},{"text":"transferred","start":10783.135,"end":10783.752},{"text":"the","start":10783.866,"end":10783.947},{"text":"chairmanship","start":10784.255,"end":10785.002},{"text":"to","start":10785.002,"end":10785.212},{"text":"the","start":10785.407,"end":10785.488},{"text":"United","start":10785.553,"end":10785.845},{"text":"States","start":10785.845,"end":10786.884},{"text":"this","start":10787.111,"end":10787.371},{"text":"month,","start":10787.371,"end":10787.614},{"text":"we","start":10788.085,"end":10788.312},{"text":"remain","start":10788.328,"end":10788.782},{"text":"strictly","start":10789.237,"end":10790},{"text":"engaged.","start":10790,"end":10790.598}]},{"text":"Second, responsible supply chains must be mutually beneficial to producing and consuming countries.","start":10792.232,"end":10798.899,"topics":[{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":10792.232,"end":10792.669},{"text":"responsible","start":10792.863,"end":10793.915},{"text":"supply","start":10793.915,"end":10794.384},{"text":"chains","start":10794.384,"end":10794.611},{"text":"must","start":10794.643,"end":10794.967},{"text":"be","start":10795.048,"end":10795.29},{"text":"mutually","start":10795.533,"end":10796.083},{"text":"beneficial","start":10796.099,"end":10796.795},{"text":"to","start":10796.811,"end":10797.07},{"text":"producing","start":10797.07,"end":10797.604},{"text":"and","start":10797.782,"end":10798.187},{"text":"consuming","start":10798.187,"end":10798.656},{"text":"countries.","start":10798.753,"end":10798.899}]},{"text":"Greater local value addition enables producing countries to remain more economic value, while a stable and diversified supply base gives consuming countries more reliable access to critical minerals.","start":10800.429,"end":10814.838,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."}],"words":[{"text":"Greater","start":10800.429,"end":10800.897},{"text":"local","start":10800.913,"end":10801.316},{"text":"value","start":10801.316,"end":10801.703},{"text":"addition","start":10801.784,"end":10802.252},{"text":"enables","start":10802.445,"end":10802.977},{"text":"producing","start":10803.09,"end":10803.542},{"text":"countries","start":10803.638,"end":10804.025},{"text":"to","start":10804.203,"end":10804.493},{"text":"remain","start":10804.525,"end":10804.993},{"text":"more","start":10805.509,"end":10805.767},{"text":"economic","start":10805.912,"end":10806.477},{"text":"value,","start":10806.477,"end":10806.896},{"text":"while","start":10807.202,"end":10807.605},{"text":"a","start":10807.605,"end":10807.622},{"text":"stable","start":10807.622,"end":10808.089},{"text":"and","start":10808.089,"end":10808.38},{"text":"diversified","start":10808.38,"end":10809.219},{"text":"supply","start":10809.219,"end":10809.655},{"text":"base","start":10809.784,"end":10810.123},{"text":"gives","start":10810.753,"end":10811.044},{"text":"consuming","start":10811.06,"end":10811.528},{"text":"countries","start":10811.544,"end":10812.013},{"text":"more","start":10812.142,"end":10812.432},{"text":"reliable","start":10812.432,"end":10813.094},{"text":"access","start":10813.094,"end":10813.53},{"text":"to","start":10813.579,"end":10813.869},{"text":"critical","start":10813.982,"end":10814.467},{"text":"minerals.","start":10814.467,"end":10814.838}]},{"text":"At the 2024 Korea Africa Summit, our leaders agreed to launch the Korea Africa Critical Mineral Dialogue.","start":10816.889,"end":10825.907,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. 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Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":10816.889,"end":10817.05},{"text":"the","start":10817.05,"end":10817.18},{"text":"2024","start":10817.18,"end":10817.935},{"text":"Korea","start":10817.935,"end":10818.353},{"text":"Africa","start":10818.481,"end":10818.755},{"text":"Summit,","start":10818.755,"end":10819.221},{"text":"our","start":10819.542,"end":10819.767},{"text":"leaders","start":10819.767,"end":10820.153},{"text":"agreed","start":10820.185,"end":10820.635},{"text":"to","start":10820.651,"end":10820.908},{"text":"launch","start":10820.908,"end":10821.246},{"text":"the","start":10821.873,"end":10822.114},{"text":"Korea","start":10822.917,"end":10823.4},{"text":"Africa","start":10823.544,"end":10824.026},{"text":"Critical","start":10824.026,"end":10824.846},{"text":"Mineral","start":10824.846,"end":10825.361},{"text":"Dialogue.","start":10825.489,"end":10825.907}]},{"text":"Its first meeting in 2025 explored ways to strengthen Africa's mineral value chains from exploitation to export.","start":10827.278,"end":10836.821,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":10827.278,"end":10827.456},{"text":"first","start":10827.456,"end":10827.924},{"text":"meeting","start":10827.924,"end":10828.151},{"text":"in","start":10828.247,"end":10828.312},{"text":"2025","start":10828.425,"end":10829.524},{"text":"explored","start":10829.573,"end":10830.187},{"text":"ways","start":10830.187,"end":10830.494},{"text":"to","start":10830.833,"end":10831.043},{"text":"strengthen","start":10831.237,"end":10831.787},{"text":"Africa's","start":10832.207,"end":10832.773},{"text":"mineral","start":10832.773,"end":10833.161},{"text":"value","start":10833.193,"end":10833.516},{"text":"chains","start":10833.516,"end":10833.888},{"text":"from","start":10834.565,"end":10834.791},{"text":"exploitation","start":10834.791,"end":10835.661},{"text":"to","start":10835.838,"end":10836.064},{"text":"export.","start":10836.402,"end":10836.821}]},{"text":"At last month's Korea-Africa Foreign Ministers' Meeting, both sides reaffirmed the commitment to local value addition and technological cooperation.","start":10838.497,"end":10848.584,"topics":[{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. 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President, the Republic of Korea will remain a reliable partner in transforming the resource curse into the virtuous circle of peace and I thank you.","start":10921.718,"end":10935.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":10921.718,"end":10921.974},{"text":"President,","start":10922.038,"end":10922.567},{"text":"the","start":10923.065,"end":10923.097},{"text":"Republic","start":10923.097,"end":10923.498},{"text":"of","start":10923.498,"end":10923.562},{"text":"Korea","start":10923.562,"end":10923.979},{"text":"will","start":10924.283,"end":10924.444},{"text":"remain","start":10924.444,"end":10924.845},{"text":"a","start":10924.845,"end":10924.909},{"text":"reliable","start":10925.005,"end":10925.454},{"text":"partner","start":10925.486,"end":10926.064},{"text":"in","start":10926.192,"end":10926.352},{"text":"transforming","start":10926.352,"end":10926.978},{"text":"the","start":10927.09,"end":10927.33},{"text":"resource","start":10927.956,"end":10928.437},{"text":"curse","start":10928.437,"end":10928.662},{"text":"into","start":10928.854,"end":10929.062},{"text":"the","start":10929.175,"end":10929.351},{"text":"virtuous","start":10929.495,"end":10930.313},{"text":"circle","start":10930.313,"end":10930.859},{"text":"of","start":10931.26,"end":10931.388},{"text":"peace","start":10931.42,"end":10931.741},{"text":"and","start":10931.741,"end":10931.949},{"text":"I","start":10933.152,"end":10933.2},{"text":"thank","start":10933.314,"end":10933.719},{"text":"you.","start":10935.081,"end":10935.26}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"KOR","affiliation_full":"Republic of Korea","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":55,"start":10936.054,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1sa86m4dn?t=10937","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Korea for the statement.","start":10936.054,"end":10939.784,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10936.054,"end":10936.103},{"text":"thank","start":10936.152,"end":10936.46},{"text":"the","start":10936.46,"end":10936.557},{"text":"representative","start":10936.557,"end":10937.433},{"text":"of","start":10937.433,"end":10937.741},{"text":"Korea","start":10938.178,"end":10938.665},{"text":"for","start":10938.665,"end":10938.973},{"text":"the","start":10938.973,"end":10939.07},{"text":"statement.","start":10939.07,"end":10939.784}]},{"text":"There are still a number of speakers remaining on my list for this meeting.","start":10941.21,"end":10944.765,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":10941.21,"end":10941.29},{"text":"are","start":10941.29,"end":10941.323},{"text":"still","start":10941.323,"end":10941.646},{"text":"a","start":10941.646,"end":10941.662},{"text":"number","start":10941.662,"end":10941.953},{"text":"of","start":10941.969,"end":10942.066},{"text":"speakers","start":10942.066,"end":10942.518},{"text":"remaining","start":10942.615,"end":10943.1},{"text":"on","start":10943.1,"end":10943.23},{"text":"my","start":10943.262,"end":10943.343},{"text":"list","start":10943.504,"end":10943.876},{"text":"for","start":10943.908,"end":10944.167},{"text":"this","start":10944.167,"end":10944.345},{"text":"meeting.","start":10944.458,"end":10944.765}]},{"text":"I intend, with the concurrence of members of the Council, to suspend the meeting until 3:00 p.m.","start":10946.642,"end":10953.882,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10946.642,"end":10946.658},{"text":"intend,","start":10946.819,"end":10947.43},{"text":"with","start":10947.446,"end":10947.736},{"text":"the","start":10947.848,"end":10948.106},{"text":"concurrence","start":10948.17,"end":10948.894},{"text":"of","start":10948.894,"end":10949.023},{"text":"members","start":10949.039,"end":10949.312},{"text":"of","start":10949.377,"end":10949.457},{"text":"the","start":10949.457,"end":10949.554},{"text":"Council,","start":10949.554,"end":10950.101},{"text":"to","start":10950.181,"end":10950.422},{"text":"suspend","start":10950.422,"end":10950.873},{"text":"the","start":10950.969,"end":10951.05},{"text":"meeting","start":10951.05,"end":10951.436},{"text":"until","start":10951.549,"end":10951.838},{"text":"3:00","start":10951.87,"end":10952.434},{"text":"p.m.","start":10952.434,"end":10953.882}]},{"text":"The meeting is 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Technical assistance, formalization of mining, and stronger state capacity were presented as essential to turning resource wealth into stability and development."},{"key":"local-value-addition","label":"Local Value Addition","description":"Several delegations emphasized that resource-rich countries should not remain exporters of raw materials alone. They called for local processing, refining, manufacturing, and skills development so that mineral wealth generates jobs, industrialization, and broader economic transformation at home."},{"key":"regional-cooperation","label":"Regional and Multilateral Cooperation","description":"A recurring topic was the role of regional bodies and international frameworks in improving resource governance and curbing illicit trade. Speakers cited mechanisms such as the Kimberley Process, EITI, ICGLR certification, the WTO, the AU, and cross-border infrastructure and trade initiatives."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty","description":"Speakers repeatedly referred to the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and the need for fairer partnerships. This included concerns about unequal bargaining power, neocolonial extraction patterns, coercion, and the need for producing countries and communities to capture a just share of the benefits."},{"key":"climate-resource-stress","label":"Climate and Environmental Pressures","description":"Several interventions linked natural resource governance to environmental degradation, climate change, and ecosystem loss. Drought, flooding, pollution, biodiversity loss, and pressure on land and water were described as factors that can deepen grievances and increase conflict risks."},{"key":"supply-chain-traceability","label":"Supply Chain Traceability","description":"A major theme was the need for stronger traceability, certification, due diligence, and transparency across entire resource supply chains. Speakers argued that producer, transit, refining, and consumer countries all share responsibility for preventing conflict-linked resources from entering legitimate markets."},{"key":"illicit-resource-financing","label":"Illicit Resource Financing","description":"Many speakers stressed that the illegal exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. This dynamic was repeatedly linked to conflicts in the DRC, Sudan, the Sahel, Colombia, and elsewhere."},{"key":"critical-minerals-transition","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The debate frequently centered on the growing strategic importance of lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths, and other minerals essential for clean energy and advanced technologies. Speakers highlighted both the development opportunities and the geopolitical tensions created by surging global demand."},{"key":"resource-conflict-prevention","label":"Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding","description":"Speakers argued that natural resource governance should be integrated into early warning, mediation, peacebuilding, and other conflict-prevention tools. The emphasis was on addressing disputes over access, ownership, territorial control, and benefit sharing before they escalate into violence."}]}}