{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/asset/k1s/k1ss2epgzx.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1s/k1ss2epgzx","kaltura_id":"1_ss2epgzx","title":"The Friends of Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT) Ministerial Meeting","clean_title":"The Friends of Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT) Ministerial Meeting","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1s/k1ss2epgzx","date":"2025-09-24T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2025-09-24T20:45:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"00:43:26","category":"Meetings & Events","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1s/k1ss2epgzx"},"metadata":{"summary":"The Friends of Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT) Ministerial Meeting","description":"The Friends of Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT), a cross-regional group with the participation of both nuclear-weapon States and non-nuclear-weapon States, namely Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Nigeria, Philippines, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, aims to maintain and enhance political attention on an FMCT and to contribute to expanding the support for the immediate commencement of negotiations to this end.","categories":["Meetings & Events"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"assemblyai-universal-3-pro-9372b6f4-6bbf-454c-932b-31cbd79e89c7","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2.451,"end":3.386,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2.451,"end":2.757},{"text":"you","start":2.757,"end":2.934},{"text":"very","start":2.934,"end":3.16},{"text":"much.","start":3.16,"end":3.386}]},{"text":"Now we would like to start the first FMCT Friends Ministerial Meeting.","start":3.676,"end":7.981,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":3.676,"end":3.853},{"text":"we","start":4.063,"end":4.208},{"text":"would","start":4.208,"end":4.369},{"text":"like","start":4.369,"end":4.563},{"text":"to","start":4.563,"end":4.773},{"text":"start","start":4.773,"end":5.24},{"text":"the","start":5.337,"end":5.418},{"text":"first","start":5.418,"end":5.917},{"text":"FMCT","start":5.982,"end":6.643},{"text":"Friends","start":6.643,"end":7.046},{"text":"Ministerial","start":7.111,"end":7.74},{"text":"Meeting.","start":7.74,"end":7.981}]},{"text":"I warmly welcome ministers and representatives who are present today.","start":9.688,"end":13.922,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9.688,"end":9.768},{"text":"warmly","start":10.187,"end":10.573},{"text":"welcome","start":10.589,"end":10.911},{"text":"ministers","start":10.911,"end":11.443},{"text":"and","start":11.62,"end":11.733},{"text":"representatives","start":11.797,"end":12.65},{"text":"who","start":12.763,"end":12.892},{"text":"are","start":12.908,"end":12.956},{"text":"present","start":13.23,"end":13.568},{"text":"today.","start":13.568,"end":13.922}]},{"text":"Your presence underscores the importance of our dialogues on the Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty and the Friends of FMCT.","start":14.759,"end":22.614,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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yours.","start":42.89,"end":45.129,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Minister","start":42.89,"end":43.155},{"text":"Iwaya,","start":43.155,"end":43.769},{"text":"the","start":43.918,"end":44.001},{"text":"floor","start":44.001,"end":44.499},{"text":"is","start":44.499,"end":44.714},{"text":"yours.","start":44.814,"end":45.129}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi Nakamura","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Director-General for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":2,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":47.7,"end":48.151,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":47.7,"end":48.006},{"text":"you.","start":48.006,"end":48.151}]},{"text":"I will— please allow me to speak in Japanese, so— Could you please use 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the divisions and confrontations in the international community is deepening, and we are facing a severe and complex security environment.","start":77.783,"end":86.466,"topics":[{"key":"geopolitical-security","label":"Geopolitical and Security Tensions","description":"Speakers highlighted the worsening international security environment, including nuclear modernization, regional conflicts, provocative rhetoric, and concerns about specific states' nuclear activities. These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"Currently,","start":77.783,"end":78.185},{"text":"the","start":78.265,"end":78.426},{"text":"divisions","start":78.426,"end":78.956},{"text":"and","start":78.988,"end":79.133},{"text":"confrontations","start":79.133,"end":80.081},{"text":"in","start":80.178,"end":80.258},{"text":"the","start":80.258,"end":80.338},{"text":"international","start":80.338,"end":80.965},{"text":"community","start":80.981,"end":81.527},{"text":"is","start":81.785,"end":81.849},{"text":"deepening,","start":82.02,"end":82.508},{"text":"and","start":82.948,"end":83.046},{"text":"we","start":83.046,"end":83.176},{"text":"are","start":83.176,"end":83.208},{"text":"facing","start":83.208,"end":83.697},{"text":"a","start":83.697,"end":83.713},{"text":"severe","start":83.762,"end":84.202},{"text":"and","start":84.332,"end":84.397},{"text":"complex","start":84.495,"end":84.984},{"text":"security","start":84.984,"end":85.684},{"text":"environment.","start":85.863,"end":86.466}]},{"text":"Furthermore, the trust in the framework of international cooperation based on multilateralism is also being undermined.","start":87.8,"end":96.458,"topics":[{"key":"geopolitical-security","label":"Geopolitical and Security Tensions","description":"Speakers highlighted the worsening international security environment, including nuclear modernization, regional conflicts, provocative rhetoric, and concerns about specific states' nuclear activities. 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References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":158.154,"end":158.235},{"text":"the","start":158.235,"end":158.331},{"text":"1990s,","start":158.331,"end":159.488},{"text":"a","start":160.389,"end":160.405},{"text":"resolution","start":160.469,"end":161.096},{"text":"on","start":161.916,"end":161.98},{"text":"the","start":162.093,"end":162.173},{"text":"FMCT","start":162.318,"end":163.314},{"text":"was","start":163.443,"end":163.555},{"text":"adopted","start":163.62,"end":164.15},{"text":"at","start":164.488,"end":164.745},{"text":"the","start":164.745,"end":164.89},{"text":"UN","start":164.89,"end":165.115},{"text":"General","start":165.227,"end":165.549},{"text":"Assembly","start":165.549,"end":166.16},{"text":"and","start":166.842,"end":166.906},{"text":"discussions","start":166.922,"end":167.583},{"text":"gained","start":167.728,"end":168.018},{"text":"momentum.","start":168.051,"end":168.695}]},{"text":"However, as you all know, for 30 years to this day, it has not been realized.","start":169.324,"end":176.238,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":178.11,"end":178.223},{"text":"year","start":178.223,"end":178.498},{"text":"marks","start":179.759,"end":180.277},{"text":"80","start":180.552,"end":180.827},{"text":"years","start":181.118,"end":181.425},{"text":"since","start":181.781,"end":182.185},{"text":"humanity's","start":182.185,"end":183.01},{"text":"first","start":183.075,"end":183.625},{"text":"nuclear","start":183.625,"end":183.916},{"text":"test","start":184.126,"end":184.579},{"text":"and","start":185.161,"end":185.323},{"text":"the","start":185.323,"end":185.485},{"text":"atomic","start":185.566,"end":186.051},{"text":"bombings","start":186.051,"end":186.52},{"text":"of","start":186.779,"end":186.843},{"text":"Hiroshima","start":186.876,"end":187.588},{"text":"and","start":187.588,"end":187.879},{"text":"Nagasaki.","start":187.927,"end":188.461}]},{"text":"Since assuming the office of a Foreign Minister of Japan, I had the privilege to directly listen to the voices of many hibakushas who earnestly call for nuclear disarmament, including those from Nihon Hidankyo, which won the Nobel Peace Prize last year.","start":189.805,"end":209.761,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."},{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. 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Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Japan","start":393.29,"end":393.694},{"text":"is","start":393.727,"end":393.84},{"text":"determined","start":393.872,"end":394.729},{"text":"to","start":394.827,"end":394.891},{"text":"steadily","start":394.924,"end":395.457},{"text":"move","start":395.506,"end":395.781},{"text":"forward","start":395.813,"end":396.347},{"text":"toward","start":396.703,"end":397.187},{"text":"the","start":397.187,"end":397.414},{"text":"immediate","start":397.43,"end":397.979},{"text":"commencement","start":397.979,"end":398.626},{"text":"of","start":398.626,"end":398.69},{"text":"negotiations","start":398.723,"end":399.547},{"text":"in","start":399.935,"end":400.064},{"text":"cooperation","start":400.08,"end":400.775},{"text":"with","start":401.292,"end":401.405},{"text":"all","start":401.615,"end":401.664},{"text":"the","start":401.858,"end":402.1},{"text":"FMCT","start":402.1,"end":402.779},{"text":"friends","start":402.779,"end":403.183},{"text":"gathered","start":403.328,"end":403.781},{"text":"here","start":403.797,"end":404.169},{"text":"today.","start":404.298,"end":404.54}]},{"text":"In these challenging times, I look forward to carrying on the aspirations of our predecessors and writing a new chapter together.","start":408.532,"end":419.759,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":408.532,"end":408.629},{"text":"these","start":408.629,"end":408.985},{"text":"challenging","start":409.082,"end":409.632},{"text":"times,","start":409.81,"end":410.198},{"text":"I","start":411.266,"end":411.347},{"text":"look","start":411.347,"end":411.541},{"text":"forward","start":411.59,"end":412.059},{"text":"to","start":412.156,"end":412.399},{"text":"carrying","start":412.399,"end":412.787},{"text":"on","start":412.965,"end":413.159},{"text":"the","start":413.548,"end":413.628},{"text":"aspirations","start":413.774,"end":414.567},{"text":"of","start":414.68,"end":414.907},{"text":"our","start":414.907,"end":415.068},{"text":"predecessors","start":415.068,"end":415.619},{"text":"and","start":416.537,"end":416.602},{"text":"writing","start":416.763,"end":417.15},{"text":"a","start":417.891,"end":417.907},{"text":"new","start":417.923,"end":418.1},{"text":"chapter","start":418.293,"end":418.809},{"text":"together.","start":419.131,"end":419.759}]},{"text":"Thank you for your attention.","start":421.355,"end":422.853,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":421.355,"end":421.693},{"text":"you","start":421.693,"end":421.886},{"text":"for","start":421.918,"end":422.16},{"text":"your","start":422.16,"end":422.289},{"text":"attention.","start":422.418,"end":422.853}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Takeshi Iwaya","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Minister for Foreign Affairs"}},{"statement_number":3,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Minister Iwaya. Now, I would like to invite distinguished participants of the meeting.","start":429.63,"end":438.687,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":429.63,"end":429.943},{"text":"you,","start":429.943,"end":430.025},{"text":"Minister","start":430.041,"end":430.452},{"text":"Iwaya.","start":430.633,"end":431.028},{"text":"Now,","start":432.324,"end":432.516},{"text":"I","start":433.429,"end":433.445},{"text":"would","start":433.445,"end":433.59},{"text":"like","start":433.59,"end":433.782},{"text":"to","start":433.83,"end":434.087},{"text":"invite","start":434.247,"end":434.856},{"text":"distinguished","start":435.93,"end":437.164},{"text":"participants","start":437.292,"end":438.094},{"text":"of","start":438.238,"end":438.27},{"text":"the","start":438.27,"end":438.414},{"text":"meeting.","start":438.414,"end":438.687}]},{"text":"First, I would like to invite Honourable Penny Wong, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Commonwealth of Australia, please.","start":440.097,"end":448.319,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":440.097,"end":440.578},{"text":"I","start":440.802,"end":440.818},{"text":"would","start":440.818,"end":440.898},{"text":"like","start":440.898,"end":441.075},{"text":"to","start":441.123,"end":441.235},{"text":"invite","start":441.235,"end":441.716},{"text":"Honourable","start":442.325,"end":443.094},{"text":"Penny","start":443.767,"end":444.521},{"text":"Wong,","start":444.569,"end":444.873},{"text":"Minister","start":445.05,"end":445.37},{"text":"for","start":445.37,"end":445.53},{"text":"Foreign","start":445.53,"end":445.867},{"text":"Affairs","start":445.867,"end":446.236},{"text":"of","start":446.348,"end":446.492},{"text":"the","start":446.492,"end":446.588},{"text":"Commonwealth","start":446.588,"end":447.197},{"text":"of","start":447.31,"end":447.438},{"text":"Australia,","start":447.55,"end":448.031},{"text":"please.","start":448.175,"end":448.319}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi Nakamura","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Director-General for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":4,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Ministers, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, colleagues.","start":449.794,"end":454.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":449.794,"end":450.018},{"text":"you","start":450.018,"end":450.05},{"text":"very","start":450.05,"end":450.323},{"text":"much,","start":450.339,"end":450.563},{"text":"Ministers,","start":451.397,"end":451.813},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":451.942,"end":452.727},{"text":"distinguished","start":452.759,"end":453.432},{"text":"delegates,","start":453.432,"end":453.881},{"text":"colleagues.","start":453.945,"end":454.57}]},{"text":"80 years ago, the world witnessed the complete and utter devastation wrought by nuclear weapons., and we understood as a globe that nuclear weapons could lead to the end of humanity as we know it.","start":454.987,"end":466.56,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"80","start":454.987,"end":455.099},{"text":"years","start":455.227,"end":455.452},{"text":"ago,","start":455.548,"end":455.788},{"text":"the","start":455.884,"end":456.013},{"text":"world","start":456.029,"end":456.205},{"text":"witnessed","start":456.269,"end":456.686},{"text":"the","start":456.686,"end":456.83},{"text":"complete","start":456.83,"end":457.247},{"text":"and","start":457.247,"end":457.391},{"text":"utter","start":457.391,"end":457.648},{"text":"devastation","start":457.648,"end":458.401},{"text":"wrought","start":458.513,"end":458.93},{"text":"by","start":458.93,"end":459.026},{"text":"nuclear","start":459.026,"end":459.491},{"text":"weapons.,","start":459.491,"end":460.74},{"text":"and","start":460.74,"end":460.8},{"text":"we","start":460.8,"end":460.94},{"text":"understood","start":460.94,"end":461.58},{"text":"as","start":461.58,"end":461.82},{"text":"a","start":461.82,"end":462.06},{"text":"globe","start":462.06,"end":462.4},{"text":"that","start":462.4,"end":462.64},{"text":"nuclear","start":462.64,"end":462.9},{"text":"weapons","start":462.9,"end":463.34},{"text":"could","start":463.34,"end":463.58},{"text":"lead","start":463.58,"end":463.86},{"text":"to","start":463.86,"end":464.08},{"text":"the","start":464.08,"end":464.12},{"text":"end","start":464.12,"end":464.34},{"text":"of","start":464.34,"end":464.56},{"text":"humanity","start":464.56,"end":465.1},{"text":"as","start":465.1,"end":465.46},{"text":"we","start":465.46,"end":465.64},{"text":"know","start":465.64,"end":465.96},{"text":"it.","start":465.96,"end":466.56}]},{"text":"So as we mark 80 years since the horrific bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, can I thank my friend and colleague, Minister Hayao, and his country, Japan, for gathering us here today.","start":466.94,"end":479.91,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":466.94,"end":467.04},{"text":"as","start":467.04,"end":467.26},{"text":"we","start":467.26,"end":467.42},{"text":"mark","start":467.42,"end":467.78},{"text":"80","start":467.78,"end":468.1},{"text":"years","start":468.1,"end":468.48},{"text":"since","start":468.48,"end":468.82},{"text":"the","start":468.82,"end":468.96},{"text":"horrific","start":468.96,"end":469.4},{"text":"bombings","start":469.4,"end":469.96},{"text":"of","start":469.96,"end":470.16},{"text":"Hiroshima","start":470.16,"end":470.62},{"text":"and","start":470.62,"end":470.84},{"text":"Nagasaki,","start":470.84,"end":471.99},{"text":"can","start":472.02,"end":472.26},{"text":"I","start":472.26,"end":472.44},{"text":"thank","start":472.44,"end":473.2},{"text":"my","start":473.2,"end":473.62},{"text":"friend","start":473.62,"end":474},{"text":"and","start":474,"end":474.1},{"text":"colleague,","start":474.1,"end":474.68},{"text":"Minister","start":474.68,"end":475.08},{"text":"Hayao,","start":475.08,"end":475.64},{"text":"and","start":475.64,"end":476.38},{"text":"his","start":476.38,"end":477.08},{"text":"country,","start":477.08,"end":477.82},{"text":"Japan,","start":477.82,"end":478.42},{"text":"for","start":478.42,"end":478.5},{"text":"gathering","start":478.5,"end":478.76},{"text":"us","start":478.76,"end":479.1},{"text":"here","start":479.1,"end":479.26},{"text":"today.","start":479.26,"end":479.91}]},{"text":"Australia remains committed to a world without nuclear weapons.","start":480.5,"end":483.84,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"Australia","start":480.5,"end":481.02},{"text":"remains","start":481.02,"end":481.5},{"text":"committed","start":481.5,"end":481.86},{"text":"to","start":481.86,"end":482.08},{"text":"a","start":482.08,"end":482.32},{"text":"world","start":482.32,"end":482.48},{"text":"without","start":482.48,"end":482.88},{"text":"nuclear","start":482.88,"end":483.26},{"text":"weapons.","start":483.26,"end":483.84}]},{"text":"We want urgent progress towards that goal so that future generations will never again experience that horrific use.","start":483.84,"end":490.752,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."},{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."},{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":491.569,"end":491.665},{"text":"need,","start":491.665,"end":492.146},{"text":"as","start":492.386,"end":492.434},{"text":"a","start":492.547,"end":492.611},{"text":"collective","start":493.172,"end":493.637},{"text":"humanity,","start":493.669,"end":494.294},{"text":"practical","start":494.31,"end":496.538},{"text":"pathways","start":496.634,"end":497.163},{"text":"to","start":497.195,"end":497.355},{"text":"disarmament,","start":497.355,"end":498.076},{"text":"including","start":498.156,"end":498.605},{"text":"the","start":498.637,"end":498.781},{"text":"Fissile","start":498.781,"end":499.374},{"text":"Material","start":499.439,"end":499.983},{"text":"Cut-Off","start":499.983,"end":500.32},{"text":"Treaty,","start":500.32,"end":500.609},{"text":"or","start":501.105,"end":501.154},{"text":"FMCT.","start":501.186,"end":502.163}]},{"text":"Last September, Australia and Japan actively participated in the launch of the Friends of the FMCT hosted by Japan, and we recently reaffirmed our commitment to creating the conditions to immediately commence negotiations on the FMCT in Tokyo in our ministerial consultations.","start":503.445,"end":521.124,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":555.08,"end":555.16},{"text":"would","start":555.16,"end":555.289},{"text":"contribute","start":555.321,"end":556.156},{"text":"to","start":556.204,"end":556.301},{"text":"non-proliferation","start":556.301,"end":557.376},{"text":"by","start":557.408,"end":557.569},{"text":"further","start":557.714,"end":558.051},{"text":"tightening","start":558.115,"end":558.484},{"text":"controls","start":558.533,"end":559.062},{"text":"on","start":559.111,"end":559.223},{"text":"fissile","start":559.4,"end":559.673},{"text":"material,","start":559.673,"end":560.219},{"text":"reducing","start":560.299,"end":560.749},{"text":"the","start":560.781,"end":560.925},{"text":"risk","start":560.925,"end":561.198},{"text":"of","start":561.198,"end":561.327},{"text":"this","start":561.327,"end":561.503},{"text":"material","start":561.503,"end":562.017},{"text":"leaking","start":562.146,"end":562.515},{"text":"to","start":562.627,"end":562.852},{"text":"unwanted","start":562.932,"end":563.559},{"text":"actors.","start":563.671,"end":564.04}]},{"text":"Australia has consistently advocated and engaged in the technical work needed to bring this treaty into existence over the past 3 decades, and the groundwork for formal negotiations has been laid.","start":565.18,"end":577.577,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Australia","start":565.18,"end":565.598},{"text":"has","start":565.598,"end":565.726},{"text":"consistently","start":565.839,"end":566.529},{"text":"advocated","start":566.561,"end":567.172},{"text":"and","start":567.348,"end":567.541},{"text":"engaged","start":567.541,"end":568.215},{"text":"in","start":568.328,"end":568.376},{"text":"the","start":568.408,"end":568.553},{"text":"technical","start":568.553,"end":569.018},{"text":"work","start":569.05,"end":569.291},{"text":"needed","start":569.356,"end":569.709},{"text":"to","start":569.757,"end":569.821},{"text":"bring","start":569.934,"end":570.207},{"text":"this","start":570.576,"end":570.736},{"text":"treaty","start":570.736,"end":571.106},{"text":"into","start":571.218,"end":571.411},{"text":"existence","start":571.459,"end":572.101},{"text":"over","start":572.246,"end":572.487},{"text":"the","start":572.487,"end":572.583},{"text":"past","start":572.583,"end":572.904},{"text":"3","start":572.904,"end":573.145},{"text":"decades,","start":573.145,"end":573.675},{"text":"and","start":574.494,"end":574.574},{"text":"the","start":574.574,"end":574.655},{"text":"groundwork","start":574.655,"end":575.313},{"text":"for","start":575.313,"end":575.474},{"text":"formal","start":575.474,"end":575.795},{"text":"negotiations","start":575.795,"end":576.646},{"text":"has","start":576.678,"end":576.806},{"text":"been","start":576.919,"end":577.16},{"text":"laid.","start":577.16,"end":577.577}]},{"text":"Thanks to the dedication of the friends of the FMCT here in the room today.","start":577.882,"end":581.731,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thanks","start":577.882,"end":578.203},{"text":"to","start":578.203,"end":578.363},{"text":"the","start":578.363,"end":578.507},{"text":"dedication","start":578.507,"end":579.133},{"text":"of","start":579.181,"end":579.293},{"text":"the","start":579.309,"end":579.373},{"text":"friends","start":579.406,"end":579.774},{"text":"of","start":579.806,"end":579.887},{"text":"the","start":579.887,"end":580.047},{"text":"FMCT","start":580.047,"end":580.705},{"text":"here","start":580.833,"end":581.009},{"text":"in","start":581.009,"end":581.09},{"text":"the","start":581.09,"end":581.234},{"text":"room","start":581.234,"end":581.458},{"text":"today.","start":581.49,"end":581.731}]},{"text":"And of course, there are officials in Geneva who I know have been working tirelessly on the sidelines of the Conference on Disarmament to build momentum towards an FMCT, and I particularly acknowledge the work of the expert preparatory group and the group of government experts.","start":582.613,"end":598.17,"topics":[{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. 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Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":616.207,"end":616.351},{"text":"only","start":616.367,"end":616.64},{"text":"obstacle","start":616.704,"end":617.218},{"text":"is","start":617.572,"end":617.636},{"text":"a","start":617.812,"end":617.893},{"text":"lack","start":617.909,"end":618.166},{"text":"of","start":618.166,"end":618.278},{"text":"political","start":618.31,"end":618.904},{"text":"will.","start":618.952,"end":619.161}]},{"text":"So today, together, let us renew our call for action and lead others on a pathway towards an FMCT, because we never want to see the use of nuclear weapons again.","start":619.835,"end":631.669,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":657.932,"end":658.012},{"text":"Philippines","start":658.012,"end":658.446},{"text":"is","start":658.51,"end":658.574},{"text":"unambiguous","start":658.896,"end":659.972},{"text":"in","start":660.197,"end":660.342},{"text":"its","start":660.342,"end":660.518},{"text":"rejection","start":660.518,"end":661.145},{"text":"of","start":661.145,"end":661.29},{"text":"nuclear","start":661.29,"end":661.675},{"text":"weapons.","start":661.675,"end":662.166}]},{"text":"We work with Japan and other like-minded states in sustaining international discourse toward the Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty because this treaty is a much-needed pillar in a nuclear-free world.","start":662.757,"end":674.949,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"Lessons","start":675.527,"end":675.881},{"text":"from","start":675.929,"end":676.041},{"text":"80","start":676.106,"end":676.363},{"text":"years","start":676.427,"end":676.716},{"text":"ago","start":676.748,"end":677.037},{"text":"have","start":677.053,"end":677.198},{"text":"taught","start":677.31,"end":677.616},{"text":"us","start":677.616,"end":677.873},{"text":"that","start":677.873,"end":678.13},{"text":"nothing","start":678.499,"end":678.885},{"text":"could","start":678.917,"end":679.142},{"text":"ever","start":679.142,"end":679.399},{"text":"justify","start":679.399,"end":679.993},{"text":"the","start":680.443,"end":680.491},{"text":"use","start":680.523,"end":680.7},{"text":"of","start":680.78,"end":680.893},{"text":"nuclear","start":680.925,"end":681.278},{"text":"weapons.","start":681.391,"end":681.776}]},{"text":"This grouping of FMCT friends is determined to retain focus on the pursuit of nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament especially in the context of escalating conflicts.","start":682.451,"end":693.049,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. 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These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":682.451,"end":682.692},{"text":"grouping","start":682.692,"end":683.029},{"text":"of","start":683.029,"end":683.174},{"text":"FMCT","start":683.174,"end":683.752},{"text":"friends","start":683.816,"end":684.234},{"text":"is","start":684.475,"end":684.587},{"text":"determined","start":684.652,"end":685.31},{"text":"to","start":685.583,"end":685.664},{"text":"retain","start":685.664,"end":686.001},{"text":"focus","start":686.049,"end":686.435},{"text":"on","start":686.547,"end":686.595},{"text":"the","start":686.628,"end":686.788},{"text":"pursuit","start":686.788,"end":687.334},{"text":"of","start":687.607,"end":687.72},{"text":"nuclear","start":687.832,"end":688.25},{"text":"nonproliferation","start":688.395,"end":689.358},{"text":"and","start":689.358,"end":689.423},{"text":"disarmament","start":689.423,"end":690.049},{"text":"especially","start":690.178,"end":690.851},{"text":"in","start":690.867,"end":690.948},{"text":"the","start":690.948,"end":690.996},{"text":"context","start":691.044,"end":691.589},{"text":"of","start":691.589,"end":691.702},{"text":"escalating","start":691.702,"end":692.375},{"text":"conflicts.","start":692.472,"end":693.049}]},{"text":"Incinerated bodies of children, a human shadow etched in stone, and the dreadful experiences of the Hibakusha highlight the fragility of human life in the face of the atom's awesome power.","start":693.996,"end":707.263,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. 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These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":717.258,"end":717.322},{"text":"yet","start":717.354,"end":717.643},{"text":"outdated","start":718.382,"end":718.976},{"text":"security","start":719.04,"end":719.731},{"text":"strategy","start":720.164,"end":720.774},{"text":"concepts","start":720.887,"end":721.513},{"text":"based","start":721.915,"end":722.3},{"text":"on","start":722.396,"end":722.541},{"text":"nuclear","start":722.573,"end":722.91},{"text":"deterrence","start":722.959,"end":723.617},{"text":"continue","start":723.617,"end":724.099},{"text":"to","start":724.099,"end":724.227},{"text":"drive","start":724.243,"end":724.709},{"text":"policy","start":725.143,"end":725.56},{"text":"in","start":725.705,"end":725.849},{"text":"many","start":725.849,"end":726.074},{"text":"countries.","start":726.106,"end":726.556}]},{"text":"In the Asia-Pacific region, we are seeing the rapid expansion of nuclear arsenals against the spirit of the Non-Proliferation Treaty and the incomplete gains achieved in nuclear disarmament in the past decades.","start":727.214,"end":740.366,"topics":[{"key":"geopolitical-security","label":"Geopolitical and Security Tensions","description":"Speakers highlighted the worsening international security environment, including nuclear modernization, regional conflicts, provocative rhetoric, and concerns about specific states' nuclear activities. 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These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":751.62,"end":751.781},{"text":"geopolitical","start":751.958,"end":752.781},{"text":"conflict","start":752.781,"end":753.443},{"text":"complexities","start":753.491,"end":754.282},{"text":"more","start":754.701,"end":754.83},{"text":"so","start":754.879,"end":755.121},{"text":"demand","start":755.185,"end":755.573},{"text":"immense","start":755.686,"end":756.121},{"text":"collective","start":756.154,"end":756.622},{"text":"effort","start":756.718,"end":757.025},{"text":"to","start":757.444,"end":757.493},{"text":"achieve","start":757.525,"end":757.961},{"text":"a","start":757.961,"end":758.025},{"text":"nuclear","start":758.025,"end":758.429},{"text":"weapons-free","start":758.429,"end":759.252},{"text":"world.","start":759.3,"end":759.574}]},{"text":"Existing commitments to nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation must be upheld.","start":760.107,"end":764.976,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. 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Abubakar, the floor is yours, please.","start":897.02,"end":899.856,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Minister","start":897.02,"end":897.425},{"text":"Abubakar,","start":897.522,"end":898.04},{"text":"the","start":898.591,"end":898.672},{"text":"floor","start":898.672,"end":899.142},{"text":"is","start":899.142,"end":899.207},{"text":"yours,","start":899.305,"end":899.531},{"text":"please.","start":899.645,"end":899.856}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":901.168,"end":902.043,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":901.168,"end":901.427},{"text":"you","start":901.427,"end":901.509},{"text":"very","start":901.573,"end":901.752},{"text":"much.","start":901.752,"end":902.043}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi Nakamura","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Director-General for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":8,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chair, Ministers, Your Excellencies.","start":903.457,"end":906.942,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":903.457,"end":904.083},{"text":"Chair,","start":904.131,"end":904.485},{"text":"Ministers,","start":905.593,"end":906.043},{"text":"Your","start":906.139,"end":906.316},{"text":"Excellencies.","start":906.316,"end":906.942}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, on behalf of Nigeria, allow me to thank you for convening this timely meeting.","start":907.681,"end":912.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":907.681,"end":907.794},{"text":"Chair,","start":907.842,"end":908.147},{"text":"on","start":908.163,"end":908.292},{"text":"behalf","start":908.324,"end":908.645},{"text":"of","start":908.645,"end":908.773},{"text":"Nigeria,","start":908.789,"end":909.368},{"text":"allow","start":909.93,"end":910.091},{"text":"me","start":910.235,"end":910.412},{"text":"to","start":910.412,"end":910.556},{"text":"thank","start":910.556,"end":910.894},{"text":"you","start":910.894,"end":910.974},{"text":"for","start":911.295,"end":911.424},{"text":"convening","start":911.456,"end":911.906},{"text":"this","start":911.938,"end":912.179},{"text":"timely","start":912.179,"end":912.58},{"text":"meeting.","start":912.58,"end":912.95}]},{"text":"We also commend JAFAN for its leadership and all partners for their steadfast support of a Peaceful Materials Control Treaty.","start":913.704,"end":922.185,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":913.704,"end":913.929},{"text":"also","start":913.945,"end":914.347},{"text":"commend","start":914.347,"end":914.668},{"text":"JAFAN","start":914.668,"end":915.038},{"text":"for","start":915.391,"end":915.552},{"text":"its","start":915.552,"end":915.696},{"text":"leadership","start":915.696,"end":916.29},{"text":"and","start":916.676,"end":916.772},{"text":"all","start":916.981,"end":917.029},{"text":"partners","start":917.158,"end":917.608},{"text":"for","start":917.784,"end":917.865},{"text":"their","start":917.881,"end":918.025},{"text":"steadfast","start":918.041,"end":918.684},{"text":"support","start":918.684,"end":919.342},{"text":"of","start":919.647,"end":919.744},{"text":"a","start":919.824,"end":920.001},{"text":"Peaceful","start":920.033,"end":920.483},{"text":"Materials","start":920.852,"end":921.302},{"text":"Control","start":921.398,"end":921.784},{"text":"Treaty.","start":921.8,"end":922.185}]},{"text":"This year we mark the 80th anniversary of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki., a sobering reminder of the catastrophic consequences of nuclear weapons.","start":923.245,"end":934.65,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":923.245,"end":923.486},{"text":"year","start":923.486,"end":923.615},{"text":"we","start":923.824,"end":923.984},{"text":"mark","start":923.984,"end":924.289},{"text":"the","start":924.289,"end":924.338},{"text":"80th","start":924.45,"end":924.659},{"text":"anniversary","start":924.723,"end":925.398},{"text":"of","start":925.43,"end":925.51},{"text":"the","start":925.51,"end":925.558},{"text":"atomic","start":925.574,"end":926.072},{"text":"bombings","start":926.233,"end":926.57},{"text":"of","start":927.036,"end":927.132},{"text":"Hiroshima","start":927.132,"end":927.759},{"text":"and","start":927.759,"end":927.839},{"text":"Nagasaki.,","start":927.903,"end":929.15},{"text":"a","start":929.15,"end":929.35},{"text":"sobering","start":929.35,"end":929.81},{"text":"reminder","start":929.81,"end":930.39},{"text":"of","start":930.39,"end":930.93},{"text":"the","start":930.93,"end":931.07},{"text":"catastrophic","start":931.07,"end":931.81},{"text":"consequences","start":931.81,"end":932.509},{"text":"of","start":932.509,"end":932.99},{"text":"nuclear","start":932.99,"end":933.37},{"text":"weapons.","start":933.37,"end":934.65}]},{"text":"It is therefore apt that we meet today with renewed resolve to advance concrete measures towards a world free of those weapons.","start":934.65,"end":946.24,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":934.65,"end":934.81},{"text":"is","start":934.81,"end":935.07},{"text":"therefore","start":935.07,"end":935.49},{"text":"apt","start":935.49,"end":935.87},{"text":"that","start":935.87,"end":936.41},{"text":"we","start":936.41,"end":936.61},{"text":"meet","start":936.61,"end":936.85},{"text":"today","start":936.85,"end":937.45},{"text":"with","start":937.45,"end":937.77},{"text":"renewed","start":937.77,"end":938.19},{"text":"resolve","start":938.19,"end":938.97},{"text":"to","start":938.97,"end":939.37},{"text":"advance","start":939.37,"end":939.95},{"text":"concrete","start":939.95,"end":940.43},{"text":"measures","start":940.43,"end":941.01},{"text":"towards","start":941.01,"end":941.51},{"text":"a","start":941.51,"end":943.41},{"text":"world","start":943.41,"end":943.81},{"text":"free","start":943.81,"end":944.35},{"text":"of","start":944.35,"end":944.509},{"text":"those","start":944.509,"end":944.89},{"text":"weapons.","start":944.89,"end":946.24}]},{"text":"For too long, the absence of legally binding measures prohibiting the production of fissile materials for nuclear weapons has left a dangerous gap in the global disarmament architecture.","start":946.49,"end":960.678,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. 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Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":946.49,"end":946.79},{"text":"too","start":946.79,"end":947.05},{"text":"long,","start":947.05,"end":947.8},{"text":"the","start":948.45,"end":948.57},{"text":"absence","start":948.57,"end":949.27},{"text":"of","start":949.27,"end":949.97},{"text":"legally","start":949.97,"end":950.31},{"text":"binding","start":950.31,"end":950.79},{"text":"measures","start":950.79,"end":951.35},{"text":"prohibiting","start":951.35,"end":952.47},{"text":"the","start":952.47,"end":952.63},{"text":"production","start":952.63,"end":953.09},{"text":"of","start":953.09,"end":953.39},{"text":"fissile","start":953.39,"end":953.59},{"text":"materials","start":953.59,"end":954.19},{"text":"for","start":954.512,"end":954.721},{"text":"nuclear","start":954.721,"end":955.218},{"text":"weapons","start":955.218,"end":955.604},{"text":"has","start":955.957,"end":956.069},{"text":"left","start":956.358,"end":956.76},{"text":"a","start":956.76,"end":956.84},{"text":"dangerous","start":956.84,"end":957.322},{"text":"gap","start":957.386,"end":957.659},{"text":"in","start":958.365,"end":958.414},{"text":"the","start":958.526,"end":958.606},{"text":"global","start":958.687,"end":959.216},{"text":"disarmament","start":959.473,"end":960.132},{"text":"architecture.","start":960.132,"end":960.678}]},{"text":"Nigeria believes that closing this gap through the immediate commencement of negotiations on the FCMT— FMCT is both pragmatic and realistic.","start":961.577,"end":972.816,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":961.577,"end":962.059},{"text":"believes","start":962.059,"end":962.428},{"text":"that","start":962.444,"end":962.765},{"text":"closing","start":962.765,"end":963.15},{"text":"this","start":963.182,"end":963.407},{"text":"gap","start":963.407,"end":963.825},{"text":"through","start":964.13,"end":964.387},{"text":"the","start":964.387,"end":964.531},{"text":"immediate","start":964.563,"end":964.997},{"text":"commencement","start":965.029,"end":965.655},{"text":"of","start":965.655,"end":965.703},{"text":"negotiations","start":965.735,"end":966.522},{"text":"on","start":967.197,"end":967.245},{"text":"the","start":967.341,"end":967.502},{"text":"FCMT—","start":967.598,"end":968.353},{"text":"FMCT","start":969.428,"end":970.263},{"text":"is","start":970.729,"end":970.777},{"text":"both","start":971.114,"end":971.42},{"text":"pragmatic","start":971.452,"end":972.11},{"text":"and","start":972.238,"end":972.319},{"text":"realistic.","start":972.319,"end":972.816}]},{"text":"Such a treaty will verifiably halt the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons.","start":973.523,"end":979.368,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."},{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":973.523,"end":973.732},{"text":"a","start":973.844,"end":973.94},{"text":"treaty","start":973.94,"end":974.39},{"text":"will","start":974.824,"end":974.952},{"text":"verifiably","start":974.984,"end":975.723},{"text":"halt","start":975.771,"end":976.188},{"text":"the","start":976.188,"end":976.269},{"text":"production","start":976.269,"end":976.782},{"text":"of","start":976.831,"end":976.911},{"text":"fissile","start":976.911,"end":977.28},{"text":"material","start":977.296,"end":977.906},{"text":"for","start":978.276,"end":978.388},{"text":"nuclear","start":978.388,"end":978.998},{"text":"weapons.","start":978.998,"end":979.368}]},{"text":"Reinforce the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and rebuild the lost confidence given the growing geopolitical tensions around us.","start":979.962,"end":993.138,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."},{"key":"geopolitical-security","label":"Geopolitical and Security Tensions","description":"Speakers highlighted the worsening international security environment, including nuclear modernization, regional conflicts, provocative rhetoric, and concerns about specific states' nuclear activities. These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"Reinforce","start":979.962,"end":980.574},{"text":"the","start":980.606,"end":980.767},{"text":"Treaty","start":980.767,"end":981.218},{"text":"on","start":981.653,"end":981.718},{"text":"the","start":981.814,"end":981.911},{"text":"Non-Proliferation","start":981.911,"end":984.472},{"text":"of","start":984.472,"end":984.649},{"text":"Nuclear","start":984.955,"end":985.519},{"text":"Weapons","start":985.519,"end":985.89},{"text":"and","start":986.324,"end":986.486},{"text":"rebuild","start":986.486,"end":986.969},{"text":"the","start":986.969,"end":987.13},{"text":"lost","start":987.13,"end":987.549},{"text":"confidence","start":988.161,"end":988.708},{"text":"given","start":989.288,"end":989.514},{"text":"the","start":989.546,"end":989.691},{"text":"growing","start":989.691,"end":990.078},{"text":"geopolitical","start":990.754,"end":992.188},{"text":"tensions","start":992.22,"end":992.655},{"text":"around","start":992.751,"end":993.057},{"text":"us.","start":993.073,"end":993.138}]},{"text":"Nigeria draws inspiration from Africa's own experience under the Treaty of Lend-Lease, which established our continent as a non— a nuclear-free zone.","start":993.959,"end":1007.738,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":993.959,"end":994.942},{"text":"draws","start":994.942,"end":995.151},{"text":"inspiration","start":995.651,"end":996.198},{"text":"from","start":996.698,"end":996.955},{"text":"Africa's","start":996.955,"end":997.519},{"text":"own","start":997.664,"end":997.809},{"text":"experience","start":997.906,"end":998.664},{"text":"under","start":998.89,"end":999.132},{"text":"the","start":999.132,"end":999.358},{"text":"Treaty","start":999.358,"end":999.745},{"text":"of","start":1000.117,"end":1000.326},{"text":"Lend-Lease,","start":1000.326,"end":1000.794},{"text":"which","start":1001.553,"end":1001.682},{"text":"established","start":1001.859,"end":1002.521},{"text":"our","start":1002.521,"end":1002.682},{"text":"continent","start":1002.682,"end":1003.409},{"text":"as","start":1004.199,"end":1004.345},{"text":"a","start":1004.442,"end":1004.458},{"text":"non—","start":1004.458,"end":1004.748},{"text":"a","start":1005.522,"end":1005.538},{"text":"nuclear-free","start":1005.538,"end":1006.598},{"text":"zone.","start":1007.465,"end":1007.738}]},{"text":"This stands as proof that bold collective steps are possible.","start":1008.558,"end":1014.196,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1008.558,"end":1008.734},{"text":"stands","start":1008.734,"end":1009.184},{"text":"as","start":1009.216,"end":1009.345},{"text":"proof","start":1009.457,"end":1009.714},{"text":"that","start":1010.164,"end":1010.469},{"text":"bold","start":1010.501,"end":1010.871},{"text":"collective","start":1011.545,"end":1012.027},{"text":"steps","start":1012.027,"end":1012.573},{"text":"are","start":1012.573,"end":1012.621},{"text":"possible.","start":1012.67,"end":1014.196}]},{"text":"We reiterate the immediate— the inalienable right of all states to the peaceful uses of nuclear energy under the highest safety and safeguard standards.","start":1014.437,"end":1025.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1014.437,"end":1014.517},{"text":"reiterate","start":1014.581,"end":1015.159},{"text":"the","start":1015.159,"end":1015.32},{"text":"immediate—","start":1015.4,"end":1016.252},{"text":"the","start":1016.685,"end":1016.766},{"text":"inalienable","start":1016.846,"end":1017.954},{"text":"right","start":1018.035,"end":1018.5},{"text":"of","start":1018.613,"end":1018.693},{"text":"all","start":1018.838,"end":1018.934},{"text":"states","start":1018.934,"end":1020.059},{"text":"to","start":1020.059,"end":1020.187},{"text":"the","start":1020.203,"end":1020.299},{"text":"peaceful","start":1020.299,"end":1020.733},{"text":"uses","start":1020.765,"end":1021.07},{"text":"of","start":1021.263,"end":1021.392},{"text":"nuclear","start":1021.424,"end":1022.018},{"text":"energy","start":1022.211,"end":1022.596},{"text":"under","start":1023.175,"end":1023.351},{"text":"the","start":1023.432,"end":1023.576},{"text":"highest","start":1023.576,"end":1023.93},{"text":"safety","start":1023.93,"end":1024.331},{"text":"and","start":1024.861,"end":1024.942},{"text":"safeguard","start":1024.958,"end":1025.44},{"text":"standards.","start":1025.44,"end":1025.97}]},{"text":"Nigeria strongly supports a global moratorium on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons.","start":1027.367,"end":1033.439,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":1027.367,"end":1027.865},{"text":"strongly","start":1027.865,"end":1028.347},{"text":"supports","start":1028.347,"end":1028.877},{"text":"a","start":1028.877,"end":1028.973},{"text":"global","start":1028.973,"end":1029.359},{"text":"moratorium","start":1029.391,"end":1029.985},{"text":"on","start":1030.66,"end":1030.708},{"text":"the","start":1030.74,"end":1030.885},{"text":"production","start":1030.885,"end":1031.399},{"text":"of","start":1031.399,"end":1031.527},{"text":"fissile","start":1031.527,"end":1031.897},{"text":"material","start":1031.897,"end":1032.411},{"text":"for","start":1032.427,"end":1032.588},{"text":"nuclear","start":1032.604,"end":1033.069},{"text":"weapons.","start":1033.069,"end":1033.439}]},{"text":"Alongside the dismantling or conversion of existing production facilities to peaceful uses.","start":1033.871,"end":1041.053,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"Alongside","start":1033.871,"end":1034.657},{"text":"the","start":1035.153,"end":1035.25},{"text":"dismantling","start":1035.314,"end":1035.923},{"text":"or","start":1036.596,"end":1036.724},{"text":"conversion","start":1036.74,"end":1037.269},{"text":"of","start":1037.302,"end":1037.414},{"text":"existing","start":1037.414,"end":1037.927},{"text":"production","start":1037.959,"end":1038.488},{"text":"facilities","start":1038.52,"end":1039.129},{"text":"to","start":1039.642,"end":1039.786},{"text":"peaceful","start":1039.786,"end":1040.155},{"text":"uses.","start":1040.748,"end":1041.053}]},{"text":"Those interim steps will help create the political momentum necessary for the negotiation of a universal, verifiable, and non-discriminatory FMCT.","start":1041.95,"end":1055.608,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. 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Speakers also mentioned related issues such as which materials fall under the treaty and how broad the negotiating mandate should be."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":1158.504,"end":1158.584},{"text":"we","start":1158.584,"end":1158.729},{"text":"want","start":1158.729,"end":1158.857},{"text":"a","start":1158.905,"end":1158.921},{"text":"treaty","start":1158.985,"end":1159.434},{"text":"that","start":1159.466,"end":1159.611},{"text":"applies","start":1159.611,"end":1159.996},{"text":"to","start":1160.092,"end":1160.188},{"text":"everyone,","start":1160.268,"end":1160.637},{"text":"we","start":1161.15,"end":1161.246},{"text":"may","start":1161.246,"end":1161.407},{"text":"need","start":1161.407,"end":1161.679},{"text":"to","start":1161.711,"end":1161.84},{"text":"be","start":1161.872,"end":1161.952},{"text":"honest","start":1162.096,"end":1162.529},{"text":"about","start":1162.529,"end":1162.802},{"text":"who's","start":1162.818,"end":1162.978},{"text":"holding","start":1162.978,"end":1163.379},{"text":"us","start":1163.379,"end":1163.539},{"text":"back.","start":1163.539,"end":1163.732}]},{"text":"Despite these challenges, this group shows what's possible when we come together with purpose and resolve.","start":1164.534,"end":1170.579,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":1164.534,"end":1165.095},{"text":"these","start":1165.48,"end":1165.608},{"text":"challenges,","start":1165.704,"end":1166.33},{"text":"this","start":1166.682,"end":1166.923},{"text":"group","start":1166.923,"end":1167.099},{"text":"shows","start":1167.147,"end":1167.532},{"text":"what's","start":1167.628,"end":1167.805},{"text":"possible","start":1167.805,"end":1168.302},{"text":"when","start":1168.366,"end":1168.494},{"text":"we","start":1168.51,"end":1168.607},{"text":"come","start":1168.607,"end":1168.735},{"text":"together","start":1168.831,"end":1169.232},{"text":"with","start":1169.248,"end":1169.424},{"text":"purpose","start":1169.473,"end":1169.922},{"text":"and","start":1170.194,"end":1170.29},{"text":"resolve.","start":1170.29,"end":1170.579}]},{"text":"The UK looks forward to continuing this important work with all of you, not just as partners but as friends, and as we look ahead to the 2026 review conference of the UN Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.","start":1171.455,"end":1183.107,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. 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Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."},{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"France","start":1391.014,"end":1391.335},{"text":"remains","start":1391.335,"end":1391.672},{"text":"determined","start":1391.736,"end":1392.282},{"text":"to","start":1392.474,"end":1392.619},{"text":"support","start":1392.619,"end":1393.004},{"text":"efforts","start":1393.116,"end":1393.549},{"text":"to","start":1393.597,"end":1393.758},{"text":"promote","start":1393.758,"end":1394.159},{"text":"negotiations","start":1394.159,"end":1395.089},{"text":"of","start":1395.539,"end":1395.683},{"text":"an","start":1395.683,"end":1395.811},{"text":"FMCT","start":1395.988,"end":1396.71},{"text":"as","start":1396.71,"end":1396.806},{"text":"a","start":1396.806,"end":1396.886},{"text":"priority","start":1396.886,"end":1397.576},{"text":"for","start":1397.592,"end":1397.753},{"text":"nuclear","start":1397.753,"end":1398.202},{"text":"disarmament.","start":1398.25,"end":1398.908}]},{"text":"In closing, I would like once again to thank Japan for its commitment to maintain a high-level visibility on this critical issue for nuclear disarmament.","start":1399.774,"end":1409.657,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1399.774,"end":1399.822},{"text":"closing,","start":1399.935,"end":1400.304},{"text":"I","start":1400.801,"end":1400.817},{"text":"would","start":1400.881,"end":1401.058},{"text":"like","start":1401.058,"end":1401.363},{"text":"once","start":1401.619,"end":1401.812},{"text":"again","start":1401.956,"end":1402.133},{"text":"to","start":1402.261,"end":1402.421},{"text":"thank","start":1402.421,"end":1402.742},{"text":"Japan","start":1402.742,"end":1403.192},{"text":"for","start":1403.448,"end":1403.528},{"text":"its","start":1403.528,"end":1403.785},{"text":"commitment","start":1403.785,"end":1404.507},{"text":"to","start":1404.507,"end":1404.635},{"text":"maintain","start":1404.635,"end":1405.037},{"text":"a","start":1405.069,"end":1405.085},{"text":"high-level","start":1405.149,"end":1405.742},{"text":"visibility","start":1405.855,"end":1406.593},{"text":"on","start":1407.299,"end":1407.331},{"text":"this","start":1407.331,"end":1407.539},{"text":"critical","start":1407.539,"end":1408.085},{"text":"issue","start":1408.181,"end":1408.518},{"text":"for","start":1408.518,"end":1408.695},{"text":"nuclear","start":1408.695,"end":1409.08},{"text":"disarmament.","start":1409.144,"end":1409.657}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1410.348,"end":1410.943,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1410.348,"end":1410.75},{"text":"you.","start":1410.75,"end":1410.943}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Aïssatou Ndano","affiliation":"FRA","affiliation_full":"France","group":null,"function":"Minister Councillor"}},{"statement_number":13,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ms. Nanno.","start":1414.382,"end":1415.652,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1414.382,"end":1414.623},{"text":"you,","start":1414.623,"end":1414.784},{"text":"Ms.","start":1414.881,"end":1415.106},{"text":"Nanno.","start":1415.266,"end":1415.652}]},{"text":"Then let me invite Mr. Marcel de Wink, Director General for Political Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, please.","start":1417.115,"end":1426.171,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Then","start":1417.115,"end":1417.324},{"text":"let","start":1417.983,"end":1418.143},{"text":"me","start":1418.143,"end":1418.32},{"text":"invite","start":1418.32,"end":1418.642},{"text":"Mr.","start":1418.642,"end":1419.032},{"text":"Marcel","start":1419.276,"end":1419.828},{"text":"de","start":1419.86,"end":1420.023},{"text":"Wink,","start":1420.023,"end":1420.332},{"text":"Director","start":1420.592,"end":1420.998},{"text":"General","start":1420.998,"end":1421.469},{"text":"for","start":1421.469,"end":1421.713},{"text":"Political","start":1421.729,"end":1422.102},{"text":"Affairs","start":1422.119,"end":1422.509},{"text":"of","start":1422.947,"end":1423.045},{"text":"the","start":1423.045,"end":1423.126},{"text":"Ministry","start":1423.126,"end":1423.597},{"text":"of","start":1423.597,"end":1423.678},{"text":"Foreign","start":1423.678,"end":1423.89},{"text":"Affairs","start":1423.906,"end":1424.211},{"text":"of","start":1424.388,"end":1424.484},{"text":"the","start":1424.484,"end":1424.564},{"text":"Kingdom","start":1424.564,"end":1424.998},{"text":"of","start":1425.191,"end":1425.271},{"text":"the","start":1425.271,"end":1425.303},{"text":"Netherlands,","start":1425.303,"end":1425.866},{"text":"please.","start":1425.93,"end":1426.171}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi Nakamura","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Director-General for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":14,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Ministers, Excellencies, the Netherlands expresses its gratitude to Japan and His Excellency Minister Iwaya in particular for convening us in the format of the Friends of the FMCT, and we commend Japan's leadership for— on this very important issue.","start":1429.063,"end":1449.128,"topics":[{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"Ministers,","start":1429.063,"end":1429.561},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1429.705,"end":1430.316},{"text":"the","start":1431.874,"end":1431.955},{"text":"Netherlands","start":1431.955,"end":1432.405},{"text":"expresses","start":1432.453,"end":1433.015},{"text":"its","start":1433.063,"end":1433.224},{"text":"gratitude","start":1433.224,"end":1433.707},{"text":"to","start":1433.707,"end":1433.903},{"text":"Japan","start":1434.359,"end":1434.831},{"text":"and","start":1435.271,"end":1435.336},{"text":"His","start":1435.353,"end":1435.483},{"text":"Excellency","start":1435.597,"end":1436.297},{"text":"Minister","start":1436.574,"end":1436.982},{"text":"Iwaya","start":1436.982,"end":1437.486},{"text":"in","start":1437.715,"end":1437.845},{"text":"particular","start":1438.04,"end":1438.61},{"text":"for","start":1438.61,"end":1438.773},{"text":"convening","start":1438.773,"end":1439.23},{"text":"us","start":1439.742,"end":1439.919},{"text":"in","start":1440.063,"end":1440.111},{"text":"the","start":1440.208,"end":1440.304},{"text":"format","start":1440.304,"end":1440.801},{"text":"of","start":1440.962,"end":1441.09},{"text":"the","start":1441.09,"end":1441.186},{"text":"Friends","start":1441.186,"end":1441.395},{"text":"of","start":1441.443,"end":1441.507},{"text":"the","start":1441.571,"end":1441.748},{"text":"FMCT,","start":1441.828,"end":1442.47},{"text":"and","start":1443.593,"end":1443.657},{"text":"we","start":1443.673,"end":1443.834},{"text":"commend","start":1443.834,"end":1444.427},{"text":"Japan's","start":1444.62,"end":1445.374},{"text":"leadership","start":1445.502,"end":1445.903},{"text":"for—","start":1446.706,"end":1447.059},{"text":"on","start":1447.684,"end":1447.781},{"text":"this","start":1447.829,"end":1447.893},{"text":"very","start":1448.166,"end":1448.39},{"text":"important","start":1448.39,"end":1448.823},{"text":"issue.","start":1448.823,"end":1449.128}]},{"text":"Our shared goal is to advance the long-overdue objective of launching negotiations of an FMCT.","start":1449.915,"end":1455.883,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1457.135,"end":1457.231},{"text":"first","start":1457.231,"end":1457.873},{"text":"UN","start":1457.937,"end":1458.322},{"text":"General","start":1458.579,"end":1458.835},{"text":"Assembly","start":1458.835,"end":1459.285},{"text":"resolution","start":1459.301,"end":1459.846},{"text":"on","start":1459.958,"end":1460.055},{"text":"this","start":1460.119,"end":1460.343},{"text":"topic","start":1460.343,"end":1460.777},{"text":"was","start":1461.065,"end":1461.178},{"text":"tabled","start":1461.242,"end":1461.691},{"text":"in","start":1461.787,"end":1461.948},{"text":"1993,","start":1461.948,"end":1463.264},{"text":"and","start":1464.05,"end":1464.114},{"text":"shortly","start":1464.114,"end":1464.499},{"text":"thereafter","start":1464.531,"end":1465.093},{"text":"concrete","start":1465.093,"end":1465.494},{"text":"steps","start":1465.494,"end":1465.879},{"text":"were","start":1465.879,"end":1465.959},{"text":"made","start":1465.959,"end":1466.216},{"text":"to","start":1466.216,"end":1466.296},{"text":"advance","start":1466.296,"end":1466.697},{"text":"towards","start":1466.697,"end":1467.146},{"text":"negotiations.","start":1467.323,"end":1468.029}]},{"text":"In 1995 with the adoption of the Shannon Mandate, which gives us a clear negotiation framework.","start":1468.703,"end":1474.483,"topics":[{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. 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This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."}],"words":[{"text":"How","start":1489.641,"end":1489.834},{"text":"could","start":1490.042,"end":1490.267},{"text":"a","start":1490.765,"end":1490.845},{"text":"treaty","start":1490.845,"end":1491.15},{"text":"be","start":1491.182,"end":1491.423},{"text":"verified?","start":1491.423,"end":1491.953}]},{"text":"Do we only ban production, which types of fissile material should be considered.","start":1492.692,"end":1498.268,"topics":[{"key":"treaty-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty","description":"Some interventions addressed unresolved questions about what an FMCT should cover, including whether it should apply only to future production or also deal with existing fissile material stocks. Speakers also mentioned related issues such as which materials fall under the treaty and how broad the negotiating mandate should be."}],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":1492.692,"end":1492.788},{"text":"we","start":1492.788,"end":1492.9},{"text":"only","start":1493.029,"end":1493.238},{"text":"ban","start":1493.27,"end":1493.462},{"text":"production,","start":1493.8,"end":1494.291},{"text":"which","start":1494.323,"end":1494.536},{"text":"types","start":1494.651,"end":1494.929},{"text":"of","start":1495.142,"end":1495.207},{"text":"fissile","start":1495.223,"end":1495.747},{"text":"material","start":1496.516,"end":1496.909},{"text":"should","start":1497.335,"end":1497.515},{"text":"be","start":1497.515,"end":1497.777},{"text":"considered.","start":1497.826,"end":1498.268}]},{"text":"And although these questions are very important, the Netherlands is convinced that many of these matters can be resolved at the negotiating table.","start":1499.912,"end":1508.04,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1499.912,"end":1499.976},{"text":"although","start":1499.976,"end":1500.25},{"text":"these","start":1500.25,"end":1500.523},{"text":"questions","start":1501.119,"end":1501.57},{"text":"are","start":1501.602,"end":1501.682},{"text":"very","start":1501.682,"end":1501.924},{"text":"important,","start":1501.924,"end":1502.31},{"text":"the","start":1502.326,"end":1502.423},{"text":"Netherlands","start":1502.423,"end":1502.825},{"text":"is","start":1502.873,"end":1502.938},{"text":"convinced","start":1502.97,"end":1503.662},{"text":"that","start":1503.92,"end":1504.032},{"text":"many","start":1504.161,"end":1504.386},{"text":"of","start":1504.885,"end":1504.998},{"text":"these","start":1504.998,"end":1505.095},{"text":"matters","start":1505.207,"end":1505.481},{"text":"can","start":1505.545,"end":1505.771},{"text":"be","start":1505.771,"end":1505.948},{"text":"resolved","start":1506.109,"end":1506.559},{"text":"at","start":1506.672,"end":1506.753},{"text":"the","start":1506.753,"end":1506.833},{"text":"negotiating","start":1506.833,"end":1507.445},{"text":"table.","start":1507.718,"end":1508.04}]},{"text":"And instead of trying to pre-negotiate before we start even negotiating, let us just start the work.","start":1508.912,"end":1514.41,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1508.912,"end":1508.977},{"text":"instead","start":1509.009,"end":1509.415},{"text":"of","start":1509.415,"end":1509.528},{"text":"trying","start":1509.626,"end":1509.934},{"text":"to","start":1509.966,"end":1510.112},{"text":"pre-negotiate","start":1510.209,"end":1511.085},{"text":"before","start":1511.085,"end":1511.345},{"text":"we","start":1511.345,"end":1511.426},{"text":"start","start":1511.426,"end":1511.912},{"text":"even","start":1511.912,"end":1512.091},{"text":"negotiating,","start":1512.107,"end":1512.772},{"text":"let","start":1512.967,"end":1513.145},{"text":"us","start":1513.145,"end":1513.291},{"text":"just","start":1513.291,"end":1513.47},{"text":"start","start":1513.47,"end":1513.907},{"text":"the","start":1513.956,"end":1514.086},{"text":"work.","start":1514.102,"end":1514.41}]},{"text":"A considerable amount of time will pass before a treaty comes into effect.","start":1515.56,"end":1519.497,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":1515.56,"end":1515.576},{"text":"considerable","start":1515.625,"end":1515.953},{"text":"amount","start":1516.003,"end":1516.347},{"text":"of","start":1516.495,"end":1516.626},{"text":"time","start":1516.659,"end":1516.954},{"text":"will","start":1516.987,"end":1517.135},{"text":"pass","start":1517.217,"end":1517.578},{"text":"before","start":1517.873,"end":1518.283},{"text":"a","start":1518.283,"end":1518.3},{"text":"treaty","start":1518.3,"end":1518.677},{"text":"comes","start":1518.71,"end":1518.972},{"text":"into","start":1518.972,"end":1519.202},{"text":"effect.","start":1519.202,"end":1519.497}]},{"text":"Even if negotiations would start today.","start":1519.936,"end":1522.676,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Even","start":1519.936,"end":1520.144},{"text":"if","start":1520.192,"end":1520.289},{"text":"negotiations","start":1520.577,"end":1521.362},{"text":"would","start":1521.394,"end":1521.603},{"text":"start","start":1521.619,"end":1522.051},{"text":"today.","start":1522.34,"end":1522.676}]},{"text":"So therefore, the Netherlands would like to call on the P5 and other states possessing nuclear weapons to continue to adhere to voluntary moratorium on the production of fissile materials for nuclear weapons.","start":1523.638,"end":1534.583,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1523.638,"end":1523.798},{"text":"therefore,","start":1523.862,"end":1524.183},{"text":"the","start":1524.199,"end":1524.295},{"text":"Netherlands","start":1524.295,"end":1524.695},{"text":"would","start":1524.759,"end":1524.92},{"text":"like","start":1524.92,"end":1525.08},{"text":"to","start":1525.08,"end":1525.208},{"text":"call","start":1525.24,"end":1525.4},{"text":"on","start":1525.4,"end":1525.481},{"text":"the","start":1525.481,"end":1525.561},{"text":"P5","start":1525.625,"end":1526.057},{"text":"and","start":1526.057,"end":1526.17},{"text":"other","start":1526.266,"end":1526.378},{"text":"states","start":1526.378,"end":1526.763},{"text":"possessing","start":1526.763,"end":1527.211},{"text":"nuclear","start":1527.307,"end":1527.628},{"text":"weapons","start":1527.628,"end":1528.012},{"text":"to","start":1528.109,"end":1528.253},{"text":"continue","start":1528.269,"end":1528.814},{"text":"to","start":1528.83,"end":1528.942},{"text":"adhere","start":1528.942,"end":1529.278},{"text":"to","start":1529.983,"end":1530.128},{"text":"voluntary","start":1530.128,"end":1530.737},{"text":"moratorium","start":1530.993,"end":1531.746},{"text":"on","start":1532.275,"end":1532.323},{"text":"the","start":1532.371,"end":1532.451},{"text":"production","start":1532.451,"end":1532.868},{"text":"of","start":1532.868,"end":1532.948},{"text":"fissile","start":1532.948,"end":1533.268},{"text":"materials","start":1533.268,"end":1533.701},{"text":"for","start":1533.813,"end":1533.926},{"text":"nuclear","start":1533.926,"end":1534.278},{"text":"weapons.","start":1534.278,"end":1534.583}]},{"text":"We commend those states that have taken voluntary steps to increase transparency, for example, by reporting on the stockpiles of civil plutonium.","start":1535.736,"end":1543.62,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1535.736,"end":1535.897},{"text":"commend","start":1535.897,"end":1536.217},{"text":"those","start":1536.217,"end":1536.393},{"text":"states","start":1536.393,"end":1536.858},{"text":"that","start":1536.858,"end":1536.986},{"text":"have","start":1537.002,"end":1537.146},{"text":"taken","start":1537.179,"end":1537.483},{"text":"voluntary","start":1537.499,"end":1537.868},{"text":"steps","start":1537.9,"end":1538.22},{"text":"to","start":1538.22,"end":1538.364},{"text":"increase","start":1538.364,"end":1538.781},{"text":"transparency,","start":1538.781,"end":1539.518},{"text":"for","start":1539.807,"end":1539.903},{"text":"example,","start":1539.903,"end":1540.367},{"text":"by","start":1540.383,"end":1540.528},{"text":"reporting","start":1540.528,"end":1540.992},{"text":"on","start":1541.105,"end":1541.185},{"text":"the","start":1541.185,"end":1541.265},{"text":"stockpiles","start":1541.265,"end":1541.794},{"text":"of","start":1542.066,"end":1542.13},{"text":"civil","start":1542.387,"end":1542.707},{"text":"plutonium.","start":1543.124,"end":1543.62}]},{"text":"To conclude, Let me reaffirm the strong commitment of the Netherlands to advance the work on a non-discriminatory, multilateral, and effectively verifiable treaty banning the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.","start":1544.87,"end":1561.281,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. 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Now let me invite His Excellency Michael Christian Gold, Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations, please.","start":1564.432,"end":1579.976,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1564.432,"end":1565.983},{"text":"you,","start":1566.032,"end":1566.226},{"text":"Mr.","start":1566.274,"end":1566.694},{"text":"de","start":1566.84,"end":1566.937},{"text":"Wink.","start":1566.937,"end":1567.179},{"text":"Now","start":1567.89,"end":1567.987},{"text":"let","start":1568.132,"end":1568.31},{"text":"me","start":1568.31,"end":1568.569},{"text":"invite","start":1568.571,"end":1569.262},{"text":"His","start":1570.513,"end":1570.661},{"text":"Excellency","start":1570.76,"end":1571.286},{"text":"Michael","start":1571.286,"end":1571.977},{"text":"Christian","start":1572.63,"end":1573.1},{"text":"Gold,","start":1573.439,"end":1573.634},{"text":"Ambassador","start":1574.103,"end":1574.589},{"text":"and","start":1574.75,"end":1574.977},{"text":"Deputy","start":1574.977,"end":1575.317},{"text":"Permanent","start":1575.317,"end":1575.883},{"text":"Representative,","start":1575.883,"end":1576.66},{"text":"Permanent","start":1577.097,"end":1577.518},{"text":"Mission","start":1577.583,"end":1577.955},{"text":"of","start":1577.971,"end":1578.084},{"text":"Canada","start":1578.149,"end":1578.554},{"text":"to","start":1578.732,"end":1578.877},{"text":"the","start":1578.877,"end":1578.958},{"text":"United","start":1579.023,"end":1579.266},{"text":"Nations,","start":1579.346,"end":1579.702},{"text":"please.","start":1579.831,"end":1579.976}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi Nakamura","affiliation":"JPN","affiliation_full":"Japan","group":null,"function":"Director-General for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":16,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you and good afternoon, esteemed ministers and colleagues.","start":1582.252,"end":1585.465,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1582.252,"end":1582.495},{"text":"you","start":1582.495,"end":1582.688},{"text":"and","start":1582.898,"end":1583.076},{"text":"good","start":1583.14,"end":1583.237},{"text":"afternoon,","start":1583.302,"end":1583.689},{"text":"esteemed","start":1583.722,"end":1584.044},{"text":"ministers","start":1584.125,"end":1584.69},{"text":"and","start":1584.69,"end":1584.819},{"text":"colleagues.","start":1584.852,"end":1585.465}]},{"text":"Thank you especially to Foreign Minister Iwaya for hosting today's meeting and for Japan's efforts in establishing this group as well as championing a treaty on fissile material for for nuclear weapons.","start":1586.402,"end":1599.203,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1586.402,"end":1586.79},{"text":"you","start":1586.79,"end":1586.984},{"text":"especially","start":1586.984,"end":1587.453},{"text":"to","start":1587.453,"end":1587.582},{"text":"Foreign","start":1587.614,"end":1587.824},{"text":"Minister","start":1587.857,"end":1588.358},{"text":"Iwaya","start":1588.439,"end":1589.005},{"text":"for","start":1589.069,"end":1589.312},{"text":"hosting","start":1589.376,"end":1589.926},{"text":"today's","start":1590.104,"end":1590.444},{"text":"meeting","start":1590.444,"end":1590.735},{"text":"and","start":1590.993,"end":1591.074},{"text":"for","start":1591.236,"end":1591.397},{"text":"Japan's","start":1591.397,"end":1591.963},{"text":"efforts","start":1592.044,"end":1592.432},{"text":"in","start":1593.111,"end":1593.192},{"text":"establishing","start":1593.192,"end":1593.806},{"text":"this","start":1594.162,"end":1594.275},{"text":"group","start":1594.388,"end":1594.809},{"text":"as","start":1595.035,"end":1595.1},{"text":"well","start":1595.197,"end":1595.326},{"text":"as","start":1595.374,"end":1595.471},{"text":"championing","start":1595.601,"end":1596.07},{"text":"a","start":1596.086,"end":1596.102},{"text":"treaty","start":1596.102,"end":1596.563},{"text":"on","start":1596.908,"end":1596.974},{"text":"fissile","start":1597.007,"end":1597.434},{"text":"material","start":1597.434,"end":1598.043},{"text":"for","start":1598.109,"end":1600.23},{"text":"for","start":1598.32,"end":1598.368},{"text":"nuclear","start":1598.368,"end":1598.705},{"text":"weapons.","start":1598.818,"end":1599.203}]},{"text":"Fissile material bears particular significance at the General Assembly, as it was the principal issue of concern at the first-ever session in London in 1946.","start":1600.344,"end":1610.001,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fissile","start":1600.344,"end":1600.617},{"text":"material","start":1600.617,"end":1601.115},{"text":"bears","start":1601.244,"end":1601.453},{"text":"particular","start":1601.565,"end":1602.128},{"text":"significance","start":1602.128,"end":1602.915},{"text":"at","start":1602.915,"end":1603.012},{"text":"the","start":1603.012,"end":1603.092},{"text":"General","start":1603.092,"end":1603.429},{"text":"Assembly,","start":1603.429,"end":1603.944},{"text":"as","start":1604.361,"end":1604.41},{"text":"it","start":1604.474,"end":1604.538},{"text":"was","start":1604.538,"end":1604.747},{"text":"the","start":1604.763,"end":1604.859},{"text":"principal","start":1604.859,"end":1605.454},{"text":"issue","start":1605.727,"end":1605.984},{"text":"of","start":1605.984,"end":1606.113},{"text":"concern","start":1606.129,"end":1606.659},{"text":"at","start":1607.27,"end":1607.366},{"text":"the","start":1607.366,"end":1607.479},{"text":"first-ever","start":1607.495,"end":1608.154},{"text":"session","start":1608.154,"end":1608.539},{"text":"in","start":1608.539,"end":1608.603},{"text":"London","start":1608.7,"end":1608.925},{"text":"in","start":1608.957,"end":1609.005},{"text":"1946.","start":1609.037,"end":1610.001}]},{"text":"Today, at the 80th session of the General Assembly, the need for a treaty on fissile material for nuclear weapons and the objective remains the same: to restrict and eliminate the production of new nuclear weapons on the path to complete disarmament.","start":1610.725,"end":1628.873,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":1610.725,"end":1610.982},{"text":"at","start":1611.126,"end":1611.207},{"text":"the","start":1611.207,"end":1611.367},{"text":"80th","start":1611.367,"end":1611.624},{"text":"session","start":1611.624,"end":1612.026},{"text":"of","start":1612.026,"end":1612.106},{"text":"the","start":1612.155,"end":1612.235},{"text":"General","start":1612.235,"end":1612.524},{"text":"Assembly,","start":1612.556,"end":1613.103},{"text":"the","start":1613.922,"end":1613.954},{"text":"need","start":1613.954,"end":1614.308},{"text":"for","start":1614.34,"end":1614.517},{"text":"a","start":1614.517,"end":1614.645},{"text":"treaty","start":1614.645,"end":1615.031},{"text":"on","start":1615.368,"end":1615.417},{"text":"fissile","start":1615.545,"end":1615.899},{"text":"material","start":1616.252,"end":1616.863},{"text":"for","start":1617.007,"end":1617.216},{"text":"nuclear","start":1617.232,"end":1617.586},{"text":"weapons","start":1617.698,"end":1618.164},{"text":"and","start":1618.598,"end":1618.663},{"text":"the","start":1618.679,"end":1618.775},{"text":"objective","start":1618.775,"end":1619.37},{"text":"remains","start":1620.028,"end":1620.494},{"text":"the","start":1620.751,"end":1620.816},{"text":"same:","start":1620.832,"end":1621.121},{"text":"to","start":1621.973,"end":1622.117},{"text":"restrict","start":1622.117,"end":1622.76},{"text":"and","start":1623.242,"end":1623.355},{"text":"eliminate","start":1623.403,"end":1623.949},{"text":"the","start":1624.062,"end":1624.144},{"text":"production","start":1624.144,"end":1624.6},{"text":"of","start":1624.878,"end":1624.975},{"text":"new","start":1625.106,"end":1625.22},{"text":"nuclear","start":1625.514,"end":1625.807},{"text":"weapons","start":1625.856,"end":1626.313},{"text":"on","start":1626.59,"end":1626.639},{"text":"the","start":1626.671,"end":1626.753},{"text":"path","start":1626.818,"end":1627.046},{"text":"to","start":1627.405,"end":1627.536},{"text":"complete","start":1627.552,"end":1628.188},{"text":"disarmament.","start":1628.221,"end":1628.873}]},{"text":"The world has grown more dangerous and nuclear rhetoric more prominent, especially on the part of Russia.","start":1630.51,"end":1637.98,"topics":[{"key":"geopolitical-security","label":"Geopolitical and Security Tensions","description":"Speakers highlighted the worsening international security environment, including nuclear modernization, regional conflicts, provocative rhetoric, and concerns about specific states' nuclear activities. These tensions were presented both as obstacles to progress and as reasons why an FMCT is more urgent than ever."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1630.51,"end":1630.542},{"text":"world","start":1630.542,"end":1630.914},{"text":"has","start":1630.93,"end":1630.995},{"text":"grown","start":1631.108,"end":1631.318},{"text":"more","start":1631.334,"end":1631.463},{"text":"dangerous","start":1631.512,"end":1631.949},{"text":"and","start":1632.628,"end":1633.016},{"text":"nuclear","start":1633.145,"end":1633.792},{"text":"rhetoric","start":1633.921,"end":1634.406},{"text":"more","start":1634.568,"end":1634.827},{"text":"prominent,","start":1634.827,"end":1635.554},{"text":"especially","start":1635.894,"end":1636.492},{"text":"on","start":1636.832,"end":1636.88},{"text":"the","start":1636.913,"end":1637.01},{"text":"part","start":1637.01,"end":1637.414},{"text":"of","start":1637.43,"end":1637.495},{"text":"Russia.","start":1637.576,"end":1637.98}]},{"text":"This is why we need a Treaty on Fissile Material for Nuclear Weapons, which can build on decades of preparatory work, including the High-Level Preparatory Group and the Group of governmental experts, both chaired by Canada.","start":1638.788,"end":1653.009,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1654.132,"end":1654.228},{"text":"know","start":1654.228,"end":1654.533},{"text":"that","start":1654.838,"end":1654.934},{"text":"the","start":1654.934,"end":1654.998},{"text":"majority","start":1654.998,"end":1655.431},{"text":"of","start":1655.431,"end":1655.511},{"text":"states","start":1655.511,"end":1655.928},{"text":"already","start":1656.217,"end":1656.666},{"text":"operate","start":1657.003,"end":1657.532},{"text":"under","start":1657.645,"end":1657.821},{"text":"a","start":1657.821,"end":1657.965},{"text":"de","start":1657.965,"end":1658.062},{"text":"facto","start":1658.062,"end":1658.623},{"text":"treaty","start":1658.623,"end":1658.992},{"text":"on","start":1659.249,"end":1659.297},{"text":"fissile","start":1659.425,"end":1659.858},{"text":"material","start":1660.067,"end":1660.58},{"text":"for","start":1661.254,"end":1661.334},{"text":"nuclear","start":1661.334,"end":1661.703},{"text":"weapons","start":1661.815,"end":1662.2},{"text":"through","start":1662.473,"end":1662.681},{"text":"their","start":1662.777,"end":1662.906},{"text":"obligations","start":1662.954,"end":1663.724},{"text":"under","start":1663.916,"end":1664.141},{"text":"the","start":1664.141,"end":1664.221},{"text":"Nuclear","start":1664.221,"end":1664.59},{"text":"Non-Proliferation","start":1664.863,"end":1665.809},{"text":"Treaty.","start":1665.985,"end":1666.37}]},{"text":"Nonetheless, it is incumbent on those that produce and possess fissile material for nuclear weapons to work towards a treaty that would address fissile material production and to consider the issue of existing stocks.","start":1667.349,"end":1680.765,"topics":[{"key":"treaty-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty","description":"Some interventions addressed unresolved questions about what an FMCT should cover, including whether it should apply only to future production or also deal with existing fissile material stocks. Speakers also mentioned related issues such as which materials fall under the treaty and how broad the negotiating mandate should be."}],"words":[{"text":"Nonetheless,","start":1667.349,"end":1667.83},{"text":"it","start":1668.087,"end":1668.231},{"text":"is","start":1668.231,"end":1668.295},{"text":"incumbent","start":1668.327,"end":1669.21},{"text":"on","start":1669.274,"end":1669.338},{"text":"those","start":1669.37,"end":1669.659},{"text":"that","start":1669.931,"end":1670.044},{"text":"produce","start":1670.076,"end":1670.461},{"text":"and","start":1670.894,"end":1670.958},{"text":"possess","start":1671.038,"end":1671.327},{"text":"fissile","start":1671.439,"end":1671.712},{"text":"material","start":1671.712,"end":1672.225},{"text":"for","start":1672.273,"end":1672.45},{"text":"nuclear","start":1672.45,"end":1672.819},{"text":"weapons","start":1672.819,"end":1673.187},{"text":"to","start":1673.925,"end":1674.022},{"text":"work","start":1674.086,"end":1674.278},{"text":"towards","start":1674.503,"end":1674.856},{"text":"a","start":1674.904,"end":1674.984},{"text":"treaty","start":1674.984,"end":1675.353},{"text":"that","start":1675.626,"end":1675.77},{"text":"would","start":1675.77,"end":1675.882},{"text":"address","start":1675.882,"end":1676.219},{"text":"fissile","start":1676.412,"end":1676.7},{"text":"material","start":1676.7,"end":1677.197},{"text":"production","start":1677.214,"end":1677.679},{"text":"and","start":1678.345,"end":1678.444},{"text":"to","start":1678.444,"end":1678.543},{"text":"consider","start":1678.592,"end":1678.987},{"text":"the","start":1679.02,"end":1679.185},{"text":"issue","start":1679.185,"end":1679.498},{"text":"of","start":1679.744,"end":1679.794},{"text":"existing","start":1679.827,"end":1680.238},{"text":"stocks.","start":1680.321,"end":1680.765}]},{"text":"Regrettably, the modalities for such a treaty today lack the necessary consensus.","start":1682.652,"end":1687.98,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Regrettably,","start":1682.652,"end":1682.942},{"text":"the","start":1683.378,"end":1683.459},{"text":"modalities","start":1683.459,"end":1684.153},{"text":"for","start":1684.412,"end":1684.573},{"text":"such","start":1684.573,"end":1684.799},{"text":"a","start":1684.831,"end":1684.912},{"text":"treaty","start":1684.912,"end":1685.284},{"text":"today","start":1685.316,"end":1685.655},{"text":"lack","start":1686.026,"end":1686.381},{"text":"the","start":1686.446,"end":1686.527},{"text":"necessary","start":1686.527,"end":1687.14},{"text":"consensus.","start":1687.237,"end":1687.98}]},{"text":"However, should the political will exist, these modalities can and must be decided at the negotiating table.","start":1688.367,"end":1695.643,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":1688.367,"end":1688.965},{"text":"should","start":1689.514,"end":1689.788},{"text":"the","start":1689.853,"end":1689.998},{"text":"political","start":1689.998,"end":1690.482},{"text":"will","start":1690.482,"end":1690.628},{"text":"exist,","start":1690.628,"end":1691.209},{"text":"these","start":1691.354,"end":1691.5},{"text":"modalities","start":1691.516,"end":1692.15},{"text":"can","start":1692.263,"end":1692.54},{"text":"and","start":1692.913,"end":1692.978},{"text":"must","start":1693.06,"end":1693.271},{"text":"be","start":1693.32,"end":1693.466},{"text":"decided","start":1693.466,"end":1694.165},{"text":"at","start":1694.36,"end":1694.457},{"text":"the","start":1694.457,"end":1694.538},{"text":"negotiating","start":1694.538,"end":1695.205},{"text":"table.","start":1695.351,"end":1695.643}]},{"text":"In the meantime, Canada calls on all friends of an FMCT, both in this group and outside it, to do 3 things.","start":1696.878,"end":1704.952,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1696.878,"end":1696.927},{"text":"the","start":1696.96,"end":1696.992},{"text":"meantime,","start":1696.992,"end":1697.268},{"text":"Canada","start":1697.757,"end":1698.048},{"text":"calls","start":1698.097,"end":1698.47},{"text":"on","start":1698.648,"end":1698.713},{"text":"all","start":1698.972,"end":1699.069},{"text":"friends","start":1699.069,"end":1699.426},{"text":"of","start":1699.474,"end":1699.604},{"text":"an","start":1699.636,"end":1699.685},{"text":"FMCT,","start":1699.96,"end":1700.706},{"text":"both","start":1701.743,"end":1701.953},{"text":"in","start":1702.212,"end":1702.277},{"text":"this","start":1702.31,"end":1702.536},{"text":"group","start":1702.536,"end":1702.861},{"text":"and","start":1703.023,"end":1703.266},{"text":"outside","start":1703.266,"end":1703.752},{"text":"it,","start":1703.752,"end":1703.865},{"text":"to","start":1704.07,"end":1704.118},{"text":"do","start":1704.166,"end":1704.326},{"text":"3","start":1704.326,"end":1704.583},{"text":"things.","start":1704.583,"end":1704.952}]},{"text":"First, to galvanize political will for the commencement of negotiations.","start":1706.187,"end":1710.887,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":1706.187,"end":1706.748},{"text":"to","start":1706.989,"end":1707.117},{"text":"galvanize","start":1707.133,"end":1707.679},{"text":"political","start":1707.791,"end":1708.272},{"text":"will","start":1708.272,"end":1708.4},{"text":"for","start":1708.898,"end":1708.994},{"text":"the","start":1708.994,"end":1709.074},{"text":"commencement","start":1709.074,"end":1709.812},{"text":"of","start":1709.892,"end":1709.972},{"text":"negotiations.","start":1710.02,"end":1710.887}]},{"text":"Second, to advocate for a global moratorium on fissile material production for nuclear weapons.","start":1712.057,"end":1718.024,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":1712.057,"end":1712.683},{"text":"to","start":1713.02,"end":1713.132},{"text":"advocate","start":1713.309,"end":1713.886},{"text":"for","start":1713.886,"end":1714.046},{"text":"a","start":1714.046,"end":1714.191},{"text":"global","start":1714.191,"end":1714.528},{"text":"moratorium","start":1714.528,"end":1715.506},{"text":"on","start":1715.506,"end":1715.618},{"text":"fissile","start":1715.715,"end":1716.035},{"text":"material","start":1716.035,"end":1716.501},{"text":"production","start":1716.533,"end":1716.966},{"text":"for","start":1717.078,"end":1717.19},{"text":"nuclear","start":1717.19,"end":1717.527},{"text":"weapons.","start":1717.575,"end":1718.024}]},{"text":"And third, to support the relevant states in transparency and confidence-building measures.","start":1719.083,"end":1724.44,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1719.083,"end":1719.179},{"text":"third,","start":1719.179,"end":1719.66},{"text":"to","start":1719.997,"end":1720.11},{"text":"support","start":1720.126,"end":1720.559},{"text":"the","start":1720.623,"end":1720.751},{"text":"relevant","start":1720.783,"end":1721.152},{"text":"states","start":1721.184,"end":1721.746},{"text":"in","start":1721.906,"end":1721.986},{"text":"transparency","start":1721.986,"end":1722.756},{"text":"and","start":1723.029,"end":1723.093},{"text":"confidence-building","start":1723.173,"end":1723.959},{"text":"measures.","start":1724.055,"end":1724.44}]},{"text":"Canada is prepared to rally behind creative efforts to establish this treaty as an integral step towards a world free from nuclear weapons.","start":1725.515,"end":1734.738,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":1725.515,"end":1726.077},{"text":"is","start":1726.157,"end":1726.285},{"text":"prepared","start":1726.317,"end":1726.638},{"text":"to","start":1726.638,"end":1726.798},{"text":"rally","start":1726.863,"end":1727.167},{"text":"behind","start":1727.504,"end":1727.969},{"text":"creative","start":1727.985,"end":1728.467},{"text":"efforts","start":1728.467,"end":1728.835},{"text":"to","start":1729.429,"end":1729.493},{"text":"establish","start":1729.541,"end":1730.022},{"text":"this","start":1730.087,"end":1730.199},{"text":"treaty","start":1730.247,"end":1730.536},{"text":"as","start":1730.873,"end":1731.033},{"text":"an","start":1731.033,"end":1731.081},{"text":"integral","start":1731.274,"end":1731.691},{"text":"step","start":1731.691,"end":1732.027},{"text":"towards","start":1732.06,"end":1732.465},{"text":"a","start":1732.481,"end":1732.563},{"text":"world","start":1732.563,"end":1732.952},{"text":"free","start":1733.05,"end":1733.407},{"text":"from","start":1733.488,"end":1733.764},{"text":"nuclear","start":1733.958,"end":1734.299},{"text":"weapons.","start":1734.364,"end":1734.738}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":1735.257,"end":1735.679,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1735.257,"end":1735.306},{"text":"thank","start":1735.338,"end":1735.646},{"text":"you.","start":1735.646,"end":1735.679}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Michael Christian Gold","affiliation":"CAN","affiliation_full":"Canada","group":null,"function":"Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative"}},{"statement_number":17,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ambassador.","start":1738.537,"end":1739.374,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1738.537,"end":1738.73},{"text":"you,","start":1738.73,"end":1738.762},{"text":"Ambassador.","start":1738.859,"end":1739.374}]},{"text":"Now, let me give the floor to Mr. Norberto Moretti, Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations.","start":1741.61,"end":1751.026,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":1741.61,"end":1741.723},{"text":"let","start":1742.237,"end":1742.398},{"text":"me","start":1742.398,"end":1742.575},{"text":"give","start":1742.575,"end":1742.994},{"text":"the","start":1742.994,"end":1743.122},{"text":"floor","start":1743.122,"end":1743.412},{"text":"to","start":1743.46,"end":1743.621},{"text":"Mr.","start":1743.621,"end":1744.072},{"text":"Norberto","start":1744.184,"end":1744.699},{"text":"Moretti,","start":1744.747,"end":1745.198},{"text":"Ambassador","start":1745.536,"end":1745.941},{"text":"and","start":1746.022,"end":1746.248},{"text":"Deputy","start":1746.281,"end":1746.653},{"text":"Permanent","start":1746.686,"end":1747.252},{"text":"Representative,","start":1747.252,"end":1748.062},{"text":"Permanent","start":1748.386,"end":1748.856},{"text":"Mission","start":1748.856,"end":1749.212},{"text":"of","start":1749.212,"end":1749.341},{"text":"Brazil","start":1749.341,"end":1749.892},{"text":"to","start":1750.005,"end":1750.103},{"text":"the","start":1750.103,"end":1750.232},{"text":"United","start":1750.232,"end":1750.637},{"text":"Nations.","start":1750.637,"end":1751.026}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi 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our collective goal of achieving what we've been 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attempts to capture the —differences of opinion on our way forward towards a fissile material treaty, as indicated by past reports of the Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty Expert Preparatory Group and of the Group of Governmental Experts on this topic.","start":1783.232,"end":1797.996,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Pressure","start":1819.113,"end":1819.562},{"text":"alone","start":1819.578,"end":1819.946},{"text":"cannot","start":1820.299,"end":1820.683},{"text":"bring","start":1820.795,"end":1820.923},{"text":"about","start":1821.036,"end":1821.42},{"text":"an","start":1821.42,"end":1821.468},{"text":"FMCT.","start":1821.901,"end":1822.638}]},{"text":"Brazil remains convinced that the only way to navigate these differences is through a comprehensive approach that takes into account both future production and existing stocks.","start":1823.92,"end":1835.296,"topics":[{"key":"treaty-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty","description":"Some interventions addressed unresolved questions about what an FMCT should cover, including whether it should apply only to future production or also deal with existing fissile material stocks. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."},{"key":"treaty-scope","label":"Scope of the Treaty","description":"Some interventions addressed unresolved questions about what an FMCT should cover, including whether it should apply only to future production or also deal with existing fissile material stocks. 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Germany.","start":1934.417,"end":1946.788,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Then","start":1934.417,"end":1934.643},{"text":"let","start":1935.143,"end":1935.305},{"text":"me","start":1935.305,"end":1935.515},{"text":"invite","start":1935.579,"end":1936.048},{"text":"Ms.","start":1936.048,"end":1936.371},{"text":"Katarina","start":1936.855,"end":1937.517},{"text":"Rentsch,","start":1938.13,"end":1938.356},{"text":"Director-General","start":1938.889,"end":1939.761},{"text":"of","start":1939.761,"end":1939.826},{"text":"International","start":1939.826,"end":1940.491},{"text":"Order,","start":1940.491,"end":1940.783},{"text":"the","start":1940.897,"end":1940.946},{"text":"United","start":1940.946,"end":1941.384},{"text":"Nations","start":1941.4,"end":1941.871},{"text":"and","start":1941.871,"end":1942.082},{"text":"Arms","start":1942.179,"end":1942.406},{"text":"Control","start":1942.423,"end":1942.796},{"text":"of","start":1943.413,"end":1943.51},{"text":"the","start":1943.51,"end":1943.64},{"text":"Federal","start":1943.64,"end":1944.11},{"text":"Foreign","start":1944.143,"end":1944.597},{"text":"Office","start":1944.614,"end":1944.906},{"text":"of","start":1945.117,"end":1945.198},{"text":"the","start":1945.198,"end":1945.279},{"text":"Federal","start":1945.279,"end":1945.766},{"text":"Republic","start":1945.766,"end":1946.318},{"text":"of","start":1946.318,"end":1946.48},{"text":"Germany.","start":1946.48,"end":1946.788}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Kimi 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2128.243,"end":2128.566},{"text":"you","start":2128.566,"end":2128.647},{"text":"very","start":2128.647,"end":2128.97},{"text":"much,","start":2128.97,"end":2129.422},{"text":"and","start":2129.761,"end":2129.826},{"text":"I","start":2130.262,"end":2130.311},{"text":"would","start":2130.343,"end":2130.456},{"text":"like","start":2130.569,"end":2130.844},{"text":"to","start":2130.924,"end":2131.037},{"text":"thank","start":2131.07,"end":2131.635},{"text":"Foreign","start":2131.7,"end":2131.958},{"text":"Minister","start":2131.958,"end":2132.443},{"text":"Iwaya","start":2132.588,"end":2133.331},{"text":"for","start":2133.79,"end":2133.934},{"text":"launching","start":2134.046,"end":2134.559},{"text":"the","start":2134.767,"end":2134.847},{"text":"first","start":2134.847,"end":2135.568},{"text":"ministerial","start":2135.568,"end":2136.209},{"text":"meeting","start":2136.209,"end":2136.674},{"text":"of","start":2136.722,"end":2136.834},{"text":"the","start":2136.866,"end":2137.01},{"text":"FMCT","start":2137.01,"end":2138.084},{"text":"Group","start":2138.389,"end":2138.629},{"text":"of","start":2138.629,"end":2138.709},{"text":"Friends","start":2138.709,"end":2139.126},{"text":"and","start":2139.254,"end":2139.318},{"text":"for","start":2139.35,"end":2139.542},{"text":"Japan's","start":2139.735,"end":2140.568},{"text":"active","start":2141.033,"end":2141.433},{"text":"engagement","start":2141.433,"end":2142.298},{"text":"and","start":2142.298,"end":2142.395},{"text":"commitment","start":2142.395,"end":2143.052},{"text":"to","start":2143.18,"end":2143.276},{"text":"give","start":2143.276,"end":2143.452},{"text":"new","start":2143.516,"end":2143.741},{"text":"impetus","start":2143.837,"end":2144.574},{"text":"to","start":2144.638,"end":2144.862},{"text":"nuclear","start":2144.975,"end":2145.311},{"text":"disarmament","start":2145.439,"end":2146.449},{"text":"discussions.","start":2146.481,"end":2147.25}]},{"text":"80 years have passed since the catastrophic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.","start":2148.147,"end":2153.291,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. References to hibakusha testimony and the suffering caused by atomic bombings were used to frame disarmament as a moral as well as strategic imperative."}],"words":[{"text":"80","start":2148.147,"end":2148.372},{"text":"years","start":2148.468,"end":2148.692},{"text":"have","start":2148.788,"end":2148.933},{"text":"passed","start":2149.045,"end":2149.493},{"text":"since","start":2149.509,"end":2149.766},{"text":"the","start":2149.766,"end":2149.91},{"text":"catastrophic","start":2149.91,"end":2150.743},{"text":"bombings","start":2150.888,"end":2151.496},{"text":"of","start":2151.609,"end":2151.705},{"text":"Hiroshima","start":2151.705,"end":2152.346},{"text":"and","start":2152.346,"end":2152.458},{"text":"Nagasaki.","start":2152.49,"end":2153.291}]},{"text":"The destruction and suffering that followed must serve as a warning of the devastation caused by the atomic bomb and at the same time of our moral duty never again to cross the threshold of nuclear annihilation.","start":2153.852,"end":2170.431,"topics":[{"key":"humanitarian-consequences","label":"Humanitarian Consequences of Nuclear Weapons","description":"The 80th anniversary of Hiroshima and Nagasaki featured prominently as a reminder of the catastrophic human impact of nuclear weapons. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."},{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."}],"words":[{"text":"Progress","start":2184.039,"end":2184.537},{"text":"towards","start":2184.681,"end":2185.083},{"text":"a","start":2185.227,"end":2185.308},{"text":"world","start":2185.308,"end":2185.693},{"text":"free","start":2185.709,"end":2185.999},{"text":"of","start":2186.031,"end":2186.143},{"text":"nuclear","start":2186.143,"end":2186.609},{"text":"weapons—","start":2186.609,"end":2187.22},{"text":"can","start":2187.22,"end":2187.38},{"text":"only","start":2187.38,"end":2187.96},{"text":"be","start":2187.96,"end":2188.16},{"text":"achieved","start":2188.16,"end":2188.82},{"text":"through","start":2188.82,"end":2189.38},{"text":"a","start":2189.38,"end":2189.56},{"text":"progressive,","start":2189.56,"end":2190.42},{"text":"verifiable,","start":2190.42,"end":2191.46},{"text":"and","start":2191.46,"end":2191.58},{"text":"complete","start":2191.58,"end":2192.02},{"text":"process.","start":2192.02,"end":2193.12}]},{"text":"And in this context, as we know, banning the production of fissile material would be a first concrete step towards fulfilling this commitment.","start":2193.38,"end":2205.94,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."},{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2193.38,"end":2193.52},{"text":"in","start":2193.52,"end":2193.6},{"text":"this","start":2193.6,"end":2193.96},{"text":"context,","start":2193.96,"end":2194.86},{"text":"as","start":2195.36,"end":2195.38},{"text":"we","start":2195.38,"end":2195.74},{"text":"know,","start":2195.74,"end":2196.64},{"text":"banning","start":2197.46,"end":2198},{"text":"the","start":2198,"end":2198},{"text":"production","start":2198,"end":2198.68},{"text":"of","start":2198.68,"end":2199.16},{"text":"fissile","start":2199.16,"end":2199.36},{"text":"material","start":2199.36,"end":2200},{"text":"would","start":2200,"end":2200.52},{"text":"be","start":2200.52,"end":2200.74},{"text":"a","start":2200.74,"end":2201},{"text":"first","start":2201,"end":2201.4},{"text":"concrete","start":2201.4,"end":2201.96},{"text":"step","start":2201.96,"end":2202.7},{"text":"towards","start":2202.7,"end":2203.36},{"text":"fulfilling","start":2203.36,"end":2204.04},{"text":"this","start":2204.04,"end":2204.56},{"text":"commitment.","start":2204.56,"end":2205.94}]},{"text":"We strongly support the need to revitalize discussions on a fissile material and cutoff treaty and to do it immediately within the Conference on Disarmament.","start":2205.94,"end":2217.683,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2205.94,"end":2206.08},{"text":"strongly","start":2206.08,"end":2206.58},{"text":"support","start":2206.58,"end":2207.5},{"text":"the","start":2207.5,"end":2207.74},{"text":"need","start":2207.74,"end":2208.04},{"text":"to","start":2208.04,"end":2208.28},{"text":"revitalize","start":2208.28,"end":2209.03},{"text":"discussions","start":2209.3,"end":2210.02},{"text":"on","start":2210.02,"end":2210.44},{"text":"a","start":2210.44,"end":2210.82},{"text":"fissile","start":2210.82,"end":2211.1},{"text":"material","start":2211.1,"end":2211.7},{"text":"and","start":2211.7,"end":2212.26},{"text":"cutoff","start":2212.26,"end":2212.66},{"text":"treaty","start":2212.66,"end":2213.18},{"text":"and","start":2213.733,"end":2213.877},{"text":"to","start":2213.877,"end":2214.038},{"text":"do","start":2214.038,"end":2214.15},{"text":"it","start":2214.295,"end":2214.503},{"text":"immediately","start":2214.552,"end":2215.306},{"text":"within","start":2215.338,"end":2215.627},{"text":"the","start":2215.66,"end":2215.82},{"text":"Conference","start":2215.82,"end":2216.623},{"text":"on","start":2216.687,"end":2216.735},{"text":"Disarmament.","start":2216.864,"end":2217.683}]},{"text":"And at the same time, we commend the adoption of voluntary moratoria on the production of fissile material for military purposes.","start":2218.469,"end":2226.787,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2218.469,"end":2218.534},{"text":"at","start":2219.031,"end":2219.096},{"text":"the","start":2219.096,"end":2219.144},{"text":"same","start":2219.176,"end":2219.401},{"text":"time,","start":2219.513,"end":2219.882},{"text":"we","start":2219.995,"end":2220.091},{"text":"commend","start":2220.155,"end":2220.621},{"text":"the","start":2220.621,"end":2220.669},{"text":"adoption","start":2220.701,"end":2221.279},{"text":"of","start":2221.279,"end":2221.424},{"text":"voluntary","start":2221.424,"end":2221.938},{"text":"moratoria","start":2221.938,"end":2222.885},{"text":"on","start":2222.885,"end":2222.965},{"text":"the","start":2222.965,"end":2223.11},{"text":"production","start":2223.11,"end":2223.736},{"text":"of","start":2223.864,"end":2223.945},{"text":"fissile","start":2223.993,"end":2224.523},{"text":"material","start":2224.523,"end":2225.133},{"text":"for","start":2225.133,"end":2225.358},{"text":"military","start":2225.358,"end":2225.984},{"text":"purposes.","start":2226.096,"end":2226.787}]},{"text":"To conclude, thank you again for convening this meeting.","start":2227.541,"end":2230.881,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":2227.541,"end":2227.622},{"text":"conclude,","start":2227.622,"end":2228.344},{"text":"thank","start":2228.489,"end":2228.81},{"text":"you","start":2228.81,"end":2228.906},{"text":"again","start":2228.906,"end":2229.179},{"text":"for","start":2229.372,"end":2229.613},{"text":"convening","start":2229.613,"end":2230.078},{"text":"this","start":2230.175,"end":2230.416},{"text":"meeting.","start":2230.416,"end":2230.881}]},{"text":"This is a great opportunity to demonstrate our commitment to achieving global nuclear disarmament and rests assured please of Italy's full support and commitment.","start":2230.994,"end":2242.333,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation 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you, Minister Iwaya.","start":2242.478,"end":2243.932,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2242.478,"end":2242.801},{"text":"you,","start":2242.801,"end":2242.882},{"text":"Minister","start":2242.898,"end":2243.383},{"text":"Iwaya.","start":2243.383,"end":2243.932}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Alessandra Molina","affiliation":"ITA","affiliation_full":"Italy","group":null,"function":"Deputy Director-General for the United Nations and Human Rights"}},{"statement_number":23,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ms. Molina.","start":2245.867,"end":2247.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2245.867,"end":2246.705},{"text":"you,","start":2246.754,"end":2246.882},{"text":"Ms.","start":2246.899,"end":2247.092},{"text":"Molina.","start":2247.156,"end":2247.64}]},{"text":"Then let me invite Ms. Izumi Nakamitsu, UN Under-Secretary-General and High Representative for Disarmament 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Non-Proliferation"}},{"statement_number":24,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":2259.544,"end":2260.322,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2259.544,"end":2259.722},{"text":"you","start":2259.771,"end":2259.852},{"text":"very","start":2259.852,"end":2260.063},{"text":"much.","start":2260.111,"end":2260.322}]},{"text":"Your Excellency Foreign Minister Iwaya of Japan, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":2260.824,"end":2265.605,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":2260.824,"end":2260.954},{"text":"Excellency","start":2260.986,"end":2261.537},{"text":"Foreign","start":2261.57,"end":2261.845},{"text":"Minister","start":2261.845,"end":2262.283},{"text":"Iwaya","start":2262.364,"end":2262.672},{"text":"of","start":2262.704,"end":2262.915},{"text":"Japan,","start":2262.947,"end":2263.32},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2263.919,"end":2264.697},{"text":"ladies","start":2264.811,"end":2265.102},{"text":"and","start":2265.135,"end":2265.216},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":2265.216,"end":2265.605}]},{"text":"Let me begin by congratulating Japan for its initiative in establishing the Friends of the FMCT group and for convening this first FMCT Friends Ministerial Meeting.","start":2266.373,"end":2279.572,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":2266.373,"end":2266.534},{"text":"me","start":2266.534,"end":2266.694},{"text":"begin","start":2266.694,"end":2267.144},{"text":"by","start":2267.176,"end":2267.401},{"text":"congratulating","start":2267.401,"end":2268.268},{"text":"Japan","start":2268.3,"end":2268.749},{"text":"for","start":2268.926,"end":2269.279},{"text":"its","start":2269.327,"end":2269.472},{"text":"initiative","start":2269.825,"end":2270.516},{"text":"in","start":2270.853,"end":2270.917},{"text":"establishing","start":2271.029,"end":2271.64},{"text":"the","start":2271.672,"end":2271.816},{"text":"Friends","start":2271.816,"end":2272.202},{"text":"of","start":2272.378,"end":2272.442},{"text":"the","start":2272.555,"end":2272.764},{"text":"FMCT","start":2272.796,"end":2273.518},{"text":"group","start":2273.518,"end":2273.904},{"text":"and","start":2274.401,"end":2274.466},{"text":"for","start":2274.626,"end":2274.755},{"text":"convening","start":2274.867,"end":2275.413},{"text":"this","start":2276.007,"end":2276.119},{"text":"first","start":2276.328,"end":2277.019},{"text":"FMCT","start":2277.195,"end":2277.854},{"text":"Friends","start":2277.918,"end":2278.143},{"text":"Ministerial","start":2278.255,"end":2279.01},{"text":"Meeting.","start":2279.218,"end":2279.572}]},{"text":"A treaty banning the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices is an essential element of a world free of nuclear weapons.","start":2280.92,"end":2290.747,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2280.92,"end":2280.936},{"text":"treaty","start":2281.049,"end":2281.514},{"text":"banning","start":2281.611,"end":2281.916},{"text":"the","start":2281.948,"end":2282.092},{"text":"production","start":2282.092,"end":2282.687},{"text":"of","start":2282.687,"end":2282.799},{"text":"fissile","start":2282.815,"end":2283.168},{"text":"material","start":2283.168,"end":2283.746},{"text":"for","start":2283.811,"end":2284.132},{"text":"nuclear","start":2284.132,"end":2284.517},{"text":"weapons","start":2284.517,"end":2284.967},{"text":"or","start":2285.063,"end":2285.175},{"text":"other","start":2285.304,"end":2285.545},{"text":"nuclear","start":2285.545,"end":2286.026},{"text":"explosive","start":2286.026,"end":2286.669},{"text":"devices","start":2286.669,"end":2287.295},{"text":"is","start":2287.825,"end":2287.969},{"text":"an","start":2287.969,"end":2288.017},{"text":"essential","start":2288.066,"end":2288.676},{"text":"element","start":2288.676,"end":2289.093},{"text":"of","start":2289.093,"end":2289.238},{"text":"a","start":2289.238,"end":2289.318},{"text":"world","start":2289.318,"end":2289.639},{"text":"free","start":2289.639,"end":2289.8},{"text":"of","start":2289.816,"end":2289.912},{"text":"nuclear","start":2289.96,"end":2290.297},{"text":"weapons.","start":2290.297,"end":2290.747}]},{"text":"And it is long overdue.","start":2291.89,"end":2294.025,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2291.89,"end":2292.035},{"text":"it","start":2292.456,"end":2292.618},{"text":"is","start":2292.618,"end":2292.682},{"text":"long","start":2292.941,"end":2293.248},{"text":"overdue.","start":2293.523,"end":2294.025}]},{"text":"For years now, many states have expressed the view that the issue is indeed ripe for negotiations.","start":2295.383,"end":2303.186,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":2295.383,"end":2295.528},{"text":"years","start":2295.609,"end":2295.917},{"text":"now,","start":2296.03,"end":2296.127},{"text":"many","start":2296.58,"end":2296.838},{"text":"states","start":2296.838,"end":2297.323},{"text":"have","start":2297.323,"end":2297.501},{"text":"expressed","start":2297.501,"end":2298.132},{"text":"the","start":2298.132,"end":2298.164},{"text":"view","start":2298.294,"end":2298.552},{"text":"that","start":2299.183,"end":2299.409},{"text":"the","start":2299.83,"end":2299.911},{"text":"issue","start":2300.072,"end":2300.574},{"text":"is","start":2300.703,"end":2300.849},{"text":"indeed","start":2300.946,"end":2301.332},{"text":"ripe","start":2301.51,"end":2301.912},{"text":"for","start":2302.025,"end":2302.203},{"text":"negotiations.","start":2302.235,"end":2303.186}]},{"text":"An FMCT is one of the highest nuclear disarmament priorities, yet it remains unfulfilled.","start":2304.023,"end":2310.631,"topics":[{"key":"nuclear-disarmament","label":"Nuclear Disarmament","description":"Many statements placed the FMCT within the broader objective of achieving a world free of nuclear weapons. The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"An","start":2304.023,"end":2304.104},{"text":"FMCT","start":2304.104,"end":2304.765},{"text":"is","start":2305.393,"end":2305.442},{"text":"one","start":2305.619,"end":2305.732},{"text":"of","start":2305.812,"end":2305.925},{"text":"the","start":2305.941,"end":2306.006},{"text":"highest","start":2306.022,"end":2306.586},{"text":"nuclear","start":2306.602,"end":2306.876},{"text":"disarmament","start":2306.924,"end":2307.552},{"text":"priorities,","start":2307.552,"end":2308.262},{"text":"yet","start":2308.842,"end":2309.116},{"text":"it","start":2309.277,"end":2309.39},{"text":"remains","start":2309.39,"end":2309.793},{"text":"unfulfilled.","start":2309.905,"end":2310.631}]},{"text":"I reaffirm my support for the immediate commencement of negotiations in the Conference on Disarmament , consistent with CD/1299.","start":2312.469,"end":2323.898,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."},{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2312.469,"end":2312.517},{"text":"reaffirm","start":2312.872,"end":2313.517},{"text":"my","start":2313.517,"end":2313.646},{"text":"support","start":2313.694,"end":2314.403},{"text":"for","start":2314.403,"end":2314.564},{"text":"the","start":2314.564,"end":2314.726},{"text":"immediate","start":2314.742,"end":2315.387},{"text":"commencement","start":2315.387,"end":2316.338},{"text":"of","start":2316.354,"end":2316.483},{"text":"negotiations","start":2316.757,"end":2317.289},{"text":"in","start":2318.057,"end":2318.153},{"text":"the","start":2318.153,"end":2318.297},{"text":"Conference","start":2318.297,"end":2318.715},{"text":"on","start":2318.715,"end":2318.763},{"text":"Disarmament","start":2318.875,"end":2319.453},{"text":",","start":2319.501,"end":2320.063},{"text":"consistent","start":2320.64,"end":2321.346},{"text":"with","start":2321.346,"end":2321.491},{"text":"CD/1299.","start":2321.603,"end":2323.898}]},{"text":"I would also like to express my appreciation for past efforts by the members of the CD to make progress, even in the absence of negotiations.","start":2325.118,"end":2334.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2325.118,"end":2325.166},{"text":"would","start":2325.214,"end":2325.359},{"text":"also","start":2325.359,"end":2325.615},{"text":"like","start":2325.615,"end":2325.872},{"text":"to","start":2325.872,"end":2326.001},{"text":"express","start":2326.001,"end":2326.498},{"text":"my","start":2326.498,"end":2326.659},{"text":"appreciation","start":2326.659,"end":2327.333},{"text":"for","start":2327.445,"end":2327.573},{"text":"past","start":2327.702,"end":2328.119},{"text":"efforts","start":2328.167,"end":2328.584},{"text":"by","start":2328.584,"end":2328.777},{"text":"the","start":2328.97,"end":2329.05},{"text":"members","start":2329.05,"end":2329.403},{"text":"of","start":2329.483,"end":2329.612},{"text":"the","start":2329.612,"end":2329.692},{"text":"CD","start":2329.692,"end":2330.27},{"text":"to","start":2330.35,"end":2330.478},{"text":"make","start":2330.494,"end":2330.751},{"text":"progress,","start":2330.831,"end":2331.281},{"text":"even","start":2332.099,"end":2332.26},{"text":"in","start":2332.5,"end":2332.564},{"text":"the","start":2332.597,"end":2332.725},{"text":"absence","start":2332.741,"end":2333.11},{"text":"of","start":2333.303,"end":2333.383},{"text":"negotiations.","start":2333.56,"end":2334.41}]},{"text":"Excellencies, I have long maintained that there are two initiatives outside the CD that could help to bring states towards the negotiation table.","start":2335.405,"end":2346.655,"topics":[{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. References were also made to existing mandates and to linking FMCT progress with the NPT review process and UN General Assembly work."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2335.405,"end":2336.095},{"text":"I","start":2337.074,"end":2337.154},{"text":"have","start":2337.154,"end":2337.299},{"text":"long","start":2337.411,"end":2337.62},{"text":"maintained","start":2337.732,"end":2338.502},{"text":"that","start":2339,"end":2339.144},{"text":"there","start":2339.177,"end":2339.289},{"text":"are","start":2339.401,"end":2339.594},{"text":"two","start":2339.963,"end":2340.139},{"text":"initiatives","start":2340.46,"end":2341.471},{"text":"outside","start":2341.648,"end":2342.113},{"text":"the","start":2342.21,"end":2342.306},{"text":"CD","start":2342.306,"end":2342.723},{"text":"that","start":2343.269,"end":2343.574},{"text":"could","start":2343.574,"end":2343.686},{"text":"help","start":2343.815,"end":2344.039},{"text":"to","start":2344.136,"end":2344.168},{"text":"bring","start":2344.184,"end":2344.28},{"text":"states","start":2344.376,"end":2344.81},{"text":"towards","start":2344.938,"end":2345.243},{"text":"the","start":2345.339,"end":2345.371},{"text":"negotiation","start":2345.371,"end":2346.126},{"text":"table.","start":2346.383,"end":2346.655}]},{"text":"The first relates to the value of confidence-building measures.","start":2347.747,"end":2352.064,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2347.747,"end":2347.843},{"text":"first","start":2347.843,"end":2348.533},{"text":"relates","start":2348.951,"end":2349.304},{"text":"to","start":2349.448,"end":2349.657},{"text":"the","start":2349.673,"end":2349.93},{"text":"value","start":2350.251,"end":2350.62},{"text":"of","start":2350.716,"end":2350.78},{"text":"confidence-building","start":2350.877,"end":2351.663},{"text":"measures.","start":2351.759,"end":2352.064}]},{"text":"Moratorium on the production of fissile materials have already been announced by several nuclear weapons states.","start":2353.14,"end":2359.367,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"Moratorium","start":2353.14,"end":2353.846},{"text":"on","start":2354.006,"end":2354.054},{"text":"the","start":2354.103,"end":2354.247},{"text":"production","start":2354.247,"end":2354.761},{"text":"of","start":2354.761,"end":2354.873},{"text":"fissile","start":2354.905,"end":2355.162},{"text":"materials","start":2355.162,"end":2355.836},{"text":"have","start":2356.334,"end":2356.574},{"text":"already","start":2356.574,"end":2356.879},{"text":"been","start":2356.992,"end":2357.136},{"text":"announced","start":2357.232,"end":2357.585},{"text":"by","start":2357.634,"end":2357.794},{"text":"several","start":2357.794,"end":2358.276},{"text":"nuclear","start":2358.276,"end":2358.597},{"text":"weapons","start":2358.597,"end":2358.918},{"text":"states.","start":2358.918,"end":2359.367}]},{"text":"While not a substitute for legally binding treaty, these concrete expressions of commitment to the FMCT purpose are critical step towards its negotiation.","start":2360.202,"end":2371.567,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."},{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2360.202,"end":2360.394},{"text":"not","start":2360.458,"end":2360.908},{"text":"a","start":2360.908,"end":2360.924},{"text":"substitute","start":2360.924,"end":2361.791},{"text":"for","start":2361.791,"end":2362.031},{"text":"legally","start":2362.031,"end":2362.336},{"text":"binding","start":2362.449,"end":2362.898},{"text":"treaty,","start":2362.994,"end":2363.379},{"text":"these","start":2364.294,"end":2364.503},{"text":"concrete","start":2364.615,"end":2365.113},{"text":"expressions","start":2365.177,"end":2365.948},{"text":"of","start":2365.98,"end":2366.108},{"text":"commitment","start":2366.14,"end":2366.862},{"text":"to","start":2366.862,"end":2366.991},{"text":"the","start":2367.023,"end":2367.103},{"text":"FMCT","start":2367.103,"end":2367.809},{"text":"purpose","start":2367.809,"end":2368.275},{"text":"are","start":2368.933,"end":2369.045},{"text":"critical","start":2369.093,"end":2369.719},{"text":"step","start":2369.8,"end":2369.896},{"text":"towards","start":2370.008,"end":2370.362},{"text":"its","start":2370.651,"end":2370.876},{"text":"negotiation.","start":2370.876,"end":2371.567}]},{"text":"I therefore encourage those states that have yet to announce such moratoria to do the same, and those who have to maintain them.","start":2372.563,"end":2382.043,"topics":[{"key":"production-moratoria","label":"Fissile Material Production Moratoria","description":"Several speakers called for voluntary or global moratoria on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons as an interim measure. Some also linked this to dismantling, converting, or freezing relevant production facilities while treaty negotiations remain stalled."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2372.563,"end":2372.595},{"text":"therefore","start":2372.708,"end":2373.19},{"text":"encourage","start":2373.19,"end":2373.656},{"text":"those","start":2373.768,"end":2373.977},{"text":"states","start":2374.009,"end":2374.636},{"text":"that","start":2374.957,"end":2375.118},{"text":"have","start":2375.118,"end":2375.343},{"text":"yet","start":2375.439,"end":2375.68},{"text":"to","start":2375.68,"end":2375.841},{"text":"announce","start":2375.841,"end":2376.259},{"text":"such","start":2376.259,"end":2376.468},{"text":"moratoria","start":2376.564,"end":2377.319},{"text":"to","start":2377.641,"end":2377.834},{"text":"do","start":2377.85,"end":2378.026},{"text":"the","start":2378.026,"end":2378.123},{"text":"same,","start":2378.123,"end":2378.396},{"text":"and","start":2379.858,"end":2380.003},{"text":"those","start":2380.18,"end":2380.404},{"text":"who","start":2380.501,"end":2380.645},{"text":"have","start":2380.662,"end":2380.886},{"text":"to","start":2381.256,"end":2381.369},{"text":"maintain","start":2381.385,"end":2381.851},{"text":"them.","start":2381.883,"end":2382.043}]},{"text":"Second, General Assembly Resolution 78/28 requested the Secretary-General and myself to facilitate the efforts of states that possess or produce fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices to engage in transparency and confidence-building measures with a view to launching negotiations.","start":2383.249,"end":2406.806,"topics":[{"key":"verification-transparency","label":"Verification, Transparency and Confidence-Building","description":"Participants repeatedly emphasized that any FMCT should be effectively verifiable and supported by transparency and confidence-building measures. This included discussion of reporting, inspections, stockpile transparency, and technical work on how verification could function in practice."},{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. Speakers stressed that decades of preparatory work have already been done and that the main missing ingredient is political will."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":2383.249,"end":2383.859},{"text":"General","start":2384.534,"end":2384.855},{"text":"Assembly","start":2384.855,"end":2385.305},{"text":"Resolution","start":2385.482,"end":2386.189},{"text":"78/28","start":2386.237,"end":2388.117},{"text":"requested","start":2388.551,"end":2389.162},{"text":"the","start":2389.194,"end":2389.274},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":2389.274,"end":2390.142},{"text":"and","start":2390.222,"end":2390.286},{"text":"myself","start":2390.318,"end":2391.009},{"text":"to","start":2391.524,"end":2391.62},{"text":"facilitate","start":2391.62,"end":2392.407},{"text":"the","start":2392.407,"end":2392.536},{"text":"efforts","start":2392.552,"end":2392.97},{"text":"of","start":2392.97,"end":2393.05},{"text":"states","start":2393.05,"end":2393.725},{"text":"that","start":2394.078,"end":2394.255},{"text":"possess","start":2394.255,"end":2394.609},{"text":"or","start":2394.962,"end":2395.155},{"text":"produce","start":2395.155,"end":2395.733},{"text":"fissile","start":2395.75,"end":2396.038},{"text":"material","start":2396.038,"end":2396.615},{"text":"for","start":2396.663,"end":2396.823},{"text":"nuclear","start":2396.823,"end":2397.208},{"text":"weapons","start":2397.208,"end":2397.592},{"text":"or","start":2397.688,"end":2397.929},{"text":"other","start":2397.929,"end":2398.121},{"text":"nuclear","start":2398.121,"end":2398.49},{"text":"explosive","start":2398.49,"end":2399.163},{"text":"devices","start":2399.163,"end":2399.756},{"text":"to","start":2400.332,"end":2400.413},{"text":"engage","start":2400.413,"end":2400.957},{"text":"in","start":2401.134,"end":2401.246},{"text":"transparency","start":2401.31,"end":2402.191},{"text":"and","start":2402.191,"end":2402.319},{"text":"confidence-building","start":2402.351,"end":2403.121},{"text":"measures","start":2403.217,"end":2403.601},{"text":"with","start":2404.419,"end":2404.531},{"text":"a","start":2404.531,"end":2404.595},{"text":"view","start":2404.595,"end":2404.899},{"text":"to","start":2404.899,"end":2405.188},{"text":"launching","start":2405.3,"end":2405.765},{"text":"negotiations.","start":2405.973,"end":2406.806}]},{"text":"I stand ready to provide whatever support is needed without prejudice, of course, to efforts in the CD and in support of commencing negotiations in that body.","start":2408.12,"end":2419.786,"topics":[{"key":"conference-on-disarmament","label":"Conference on Disarmament","description":"A recurring theme was that negotiations should begin in the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva, which many speakers described as the appropriate multilateral forum for building consensus. 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The treaty was presented as a practical, incremental step that would strengthen the wider disarmament and non-proliferation architecture."}],"words":[{"text":"Advancing","start":2433.3,"end":2433.83},{"text":"this","start":2434.007,"end":2434.264},{"text":"discussion","start":2434.264,"end":2434.874},{"text":"could","start":2434.986,"end":2435.147},{"text":"be","start":2435.147,"end":2435.291},{"text":"a","start":2435.291,"end":2435.372},{"text":"priority","start":2435.372,"end":2436.078},{"text":"for","start":2436.094,"end":2436.287},{"text":"multinational","start":2436.287,"end":2436.977},{"text":"efforts","start":2437.058,"end":2437.475},{"text":"on","start":2437.796,"end":2437.909},{"text":"nuclear","start":2438.021,"end":2438.39},{"text":"disarmament","start":2438.503,"end":2439.29},{"text":"verification.","start":2439.386,"end":2440.092}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the diverse membership of this group, FMCT Friends, is part of its strength, allowing it to bridge divides with dialogue.","start":2441.393,"end":2454.155,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2441.393,"end":2442.019},{"text":"ladies","start":2442.308,"end":2442.581},{"text":"and","start":2442.613,"end":2442.726},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":2442.758,"end":2443.223},{"text":"the","start":2444.139,"end":2444.283},{"text":"diverse","start":2444.299,"end":2444.861},{"text":"membership","start":2444.925,"end":2445.568},{"text":"of","start":2445.568,"end":2445.712},{"text":"this","start":2445.744,"end":2446.017},{"text":"group,","start":2446.065,"end":2446.37},{"text":"FMCT","start":2446.451,"end":2447.093},{"text":"Friends,","start":2447.093,"end":2447.478},{"text":"is","start":2448.072,"end":2448.201},{"text":"part","start":2448.939,"end":2449.196},{"text":"of","start":2449.196,"end":2449.292},{"text":"its","start":2449.292,"end":2449.469},{"text":"strength,","start":2449.517,"end":2449.998},{"text":"allowing","start":2450.544,"end":2451.09},{"text":"it","start":2451.202,"end":2451.395},{"text":"to","start":2451.587,"end":2451.732},{"text":"bridge","start":2451.844,"end":2452.133},{"text":"divides","start":2452.502,"end":2453},{"text":"with","start":2453.208,"end":2453.417},{"text":"dialogue.","start":2453.69,"end":2454.155}]},{"text":"But dialogue alone is not enough.","start":2455.52,"end":2458.088,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2455.52,"end":2455.616},{"text":"dialogue","start":2455.68,"end":2456.242},{"text":"alone","start":2456.242,"end":2456.707},{"text":"is","start":2457.141,"end":2457.269},{"text":"not","start":2457.317,"end":2457.638},{"text":"enough.","start":2457.783,"end":2458.088}]},{"text":"It must contain fresh thinking, renewed impetus, and good faith engagement if states are to return to the negotiating table.","start":2459.291,"end":2470.157,"topics":[{"key":"fmct-negotiations","label":"FMCT Negotiations","description":"A central topic was the urgent need to begin formal negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty to ban the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. 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