{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k1y/k1y459ocew","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1y459ocew.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1y/k1y459ocew","kaltura_id":"1_y459ocew","title":"THE HAGUE – The International Court of Justice (ICJ) holds a solemn sitting to celebrate the 80th anniversary of its inaugural session","clean_title":"THE HAGUE – The International Court of Justice (ICJ) holds a solemn sitting to celebrate the 80th anniversary of its inaugural session","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1y/k1y459ocew","date":"2026-04-17T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-04-17T12:45:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"01:11:46","category":"International Court of Justice","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1y/k1y459ocew"},"metadata":{"summary":"The International Court of Justice (ICJ) holds a solemn sitting on 17 April 2026 to celebrate the eightieth anniversary of its inaugural session.","description":"The International Court of Justice (ICJ) holds a\nsolemn sitting on Friday 17 April 2026 at 3 p.m. in the Great Hall of Justice\nof the Peace Palace to celebrate the eightieth anniversary of its inaugural\nsession. Session held under the presidency of HE Judge Iwasawa Yuji, in the\npresence of HM King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, HE Mr António\nGuterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations, HE Ms Annalena Baerbock,\nPresident of the United Nations General Assembly, HE Mr Tom Berendsen, Minister\nfor Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, and HE Mr Jamal Alrowaiei, President of\nthe United Nations Security Council.","categories":["Meetings & Events","International Court of Justice","Non-Judicial Events"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"See Press Release 2026/9","url":"https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default/files/press-releases/0/000-20260410-pre-02-00-en.pdf"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-9fa2c36c-cbfc-40be-92f6-b7d27c849475","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":21.9,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1y459ocew?t=22","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"His Majesty the King. Please be seated.","start":21.9,"end":57.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"His","start":21.9,"end":22.22},{"text":"Majesty","start":22.22,"end":22.86},{"text":"the","start":22.86,"end":22.98},{"text":"King.","start":22.98,"end":23.42},{"text":"Please","start":56.76,"end":57.04},{"text":"be","start":57.04,"end":57.2},{"text":"seated.","start":57.2,"end":57.56}]},{"text":"The solemn sitting is open.","start":73.4,"end":74.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":73.4,"end":73.56},{"text":"solemn","start":73.56,"end":73.96},{"text":"sitting","start":73.96,"end":74.36},{"text":"is","start":74.36,"end":74.52},{"text":"open.","start":74.52,"end":74.92}]},{"text":"The Court meets this afternoon on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of its inaugural session.","start":75.88,"end":82.6,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":75.88,"end":76.04},{"text":"Court","start":76.04,"end":76.44},{"text":"meets","start":76.44,"end":76.76},{"text":"this","start":76.76,"end":77.08},{"text":"afternoon","start":77.08,"end":77.8},{"text":"on","start":78.52,"end":78.6},{"text":"the","start":78.6,"end":78.72},{"text":"occasion","start":78.72,"end":79.24},{"text":"of","start":79.24,"end":79.4},{"text":"the","start":79.4,"end":79.52},{"text":"80th","start":79.52,"end":80.12},{"text":"anniversary","start":80.16,"end":80.92},{"text":"of","start":81,"end":81.16},{"text":"its","start":81.16,"end":81.48},{"text":"inaugural","start":81.56,"end":82.12},{"text":"session.","start":82.12,"end":82.6}]},{"text":"I welcome His Majesty King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands, His Excellency Antonio Guterres, Secretary-General of the United Nations; Her Excellency Ms. Annalena Baerbock, President of the United Nations General Assembly; His Excellency Mr. Tom Berntsen, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands; and His Excellency Mr. Jamal Al-Louayy, President of the United Nations Security 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also welcome members of the diplomatic corps and the international judicial corps, representatives of the Dutch government and other Dutch institutions, the mayor of The Hague, Mr. Jan van Zanen, senior officials of international relations, and registry staff attending in the room and following online to this commemorative city.","start":118.23,"end":145.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":118.23,"end":118.24},{"text":"also","start":118.23,"end":118.55},{"text":"welcome","start":118.55,"end":118.99},{"text":"members","start":118.99,"end":119.43},{"text":"of","start":119.43,"end":119.59},{"text":"the","start":119.59,"end":119.71},{"text":"diplomatic","start":119.71,"end":120.43},{"text":"corps","start":120.43,"end":120.87},{"text":"and","start":121.75,"end":121.95},{"text":"the","start":121.95,"end":122.03},{"text":"international","start":122.03,"end":122.63},{"text":"judicial","start":122.63,"end":123.11},{"text":"corps,","start":123.11,"end":123.67},{"text":"representatives","start":124.55,"end":125.67},{"text":"of","start":125.67,"end":125.83},{"text":"the","start":125.83,"end":125.99},{"text":"Dutch","start":125.99,"end":126.23},{"text":"government","start":126.23,"end":126.83},{"text":"and","start":126.83,"end":127.07},{"text":"other","start":127.07,"end":127.39},{"text":"Dutch","start":127.39,"end":127.75},{"text":"institutions,","start":127.83,"end":128.95},{"text":"the","start":129.95,"end":130.03},{"text":"mayor","start":130.07,"end":130.43},{"text":"of","start":130.43,"end":130.55},{"text":"The","start":130.55,"end":130.63},{"text":"Hague,","start":130.63,"end":131.03},{"text":"Mr.","start":131.03,"end":131.35},{"text":"Jan","start":131.39,"end":131.83},{"text":"van","start":131.87,"end":133.03},{"text":"Zanen,","start":133.59,"end":134.07},{"text":"senior","start":134.55,"end":134.99},{"text":"officials","start":134.99,"end":135.43},{"text":"of","start":135.43,"end":135.51},{"text":"international","start":135.51,"end":136.11},{"text":"relations,","start":136.11,"end":136.87},{"text":"and","start":137.51,"end":137.75},{"text":"registry","start":137.75,"end":138.47},{"text":"staff","start":139.35,"end":140.15},{"text":"attending","start":140.63,"end":141.27},{"text":"in","start":141.27,"end":141.43},{"text":"the","start":141.43,"end":141.51},{"text":"room","start":141.51,"end":141.91},{"text":"and","start":141.91,"end":142.07},{"text":"following","start":142.07,"end":142.55},{"text":"online","start":142.55,"end":143.11},{"text":"to","start":143.59,"end":143.71},{"text":"this","start":143.71,"end":144.15},{"text":"commemorative","start":144.55,"end":145.35},{"text":"city.","start":145.63,"end":145.99}]},{"text":"Excellencies, it is a great honor to address you on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the inaugural sitting of the International Court of 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court was established in 1945 as the principal judicial organ of the United Nations.","start":162.87,"end":169.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":162.87,"end":163.03},{"text":"court","start":163.03,"end":163.35},{"text":"was","start":163.35,"end":163.63},{"text":"established","start":163.63,"end":164.23},{"text":"in","start":164.23,"end":164.35},{"text":"1945","start":164.35,"end":165.27},{"text":"as","start":166.19,"end":166.27},{"text":"the","start":166.31,"end":166.47},{"text":"principal","start":166.47,"end":167.03},{"text":"judicial","start":167.03,"end":167.55},{"text":"organ","start":167.55,"end":167.99},{"text":"of","start":168.11,"end":168.23},{"text":"the","start":168.23,"end":168.31},{"text":"United","start":168.31,"end":168.63},{"text":"Nations.","start":168.63,"end":169.27}]},{"text":"It was created at the defining moment in history with the unshakable conviction that relations between states should be governed by law, not by 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the last 80 years, the international community has grown in size and diversity.","start":183.75,"end":189.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":183.75,"end":183.99},{"text":"the","start":183.99,"end":184.11},{"text":"last","start":184.11,"end":184.55},{"text":"80","start":184.55,"end":184.95},{"text":"years,","start":184.95,"end":185.43},{"text":"the","start":186.19,"end":186.27},{"text":"international","start":186.27,"end":186.95},{"text":"community","start":186.95,"end":187.67},{"text":"has","start":187.67,"end":187.83},{"text":"grown","start":187.83,"end":188.23},{"text":"in","start":188.23,"end":188.31},{"text":"size","start":188.31,"end":188.67},{"text":"and","start":188.71,"end":188.91},{"text":"diversity.","start":188.91,"end":189.67}]},{"text":"International law has developed and expanded, and the questions that come before the Court are often more complex and different from those imagined in 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past 80 years have exhibited a meaningful record of achievement.","start":240.63,"end":245.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":240.63,"end":240.75},{"text":"past","start":240.79,"end":241.19},{"text":"80","start":241.19,"end":241.43},{"text":"years","start":241.43,"end":241.99},{"text":"have","start":242.39,"end":242.63},{"text":"exhibited","start":242.63,"end":243.43},{"text":"a","start":243.75,"end":243.79},{"text":"meaningful","start":243.79,"end":244.51},{"text":"record","start":244.51,"end":244.95},{"text":"of","start":244.95,"end":245.03},{"text":"achievement.","start":245.03,"end":245.75}]},{"text":"It is a record not of headlines, but of steady and principled work, reflecting the care of the judges, the dedication of the registry, and the trust placed in the Court by states and international 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this is, however, not a moment for complacency.","start":267.91,"end":273.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":267.91,"end":268.87},{"text":"this","start":269.99,"end":270.15},{"text":"is,","start":270.15,"end":270.31},{"text":"however,","start":270.31,"end":271.03},{"text":"not","start":271.51,"end":271.71},{"text":"a","start":271.71,"end":271.75},{"text":"moment","start":271.75,"end":272.23},{"text":"for","start":272.23,"end":272.39},{"text":"complacency.","start":272.39,"end":273.43}]},{"text":"It is a moment for vigilance.","start":273.91,"end":275.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":273.91,"end":274.07},{"text":"is","start":274.07,"end":274.23},{"text":"a","start":274.23,"end":274.31},{"text":"moment","start":274.31,"end":274.83},{"text":"for","start":275.19,"end":275.35},{"text":"vigilance.","start":275.35,"end":275.87}]},{"text":"There are troubling signs of disengagement from international obligations, growing resistance to compliance, and increasing skepticism about the value of 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some cases, The rule of law itself has been openly questioned.","start":292.47,"end":297.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":292.47,"end":292.59},{"text":"some","start":292.59,"end":292.79},{"text":"cases,","start":292.79,"end":293.43},{"text":"The","start":294.19,"end":294.23},{"text":"rule","start":294.23,"end":294.51},{"text":"of","start":294.51,"end":294.59},{"text":"law","start":294.59,"end":294.83},{"text":"itself","start":294.83,"end":295.39},{"text":"has","start":295.87,"end":296.11},{"text":"been","start":296.11,"end":296.35},{"text":"openly","start":296.35,"end":296.99},{"text":"questioned.","start":297.15,"end":297.67}]},{"text":"These trends place great pressure on the system we serve and remind us that the international rule of law cannot be taken for 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the heart of its mission lies the principle of equality.","start":340.79,"end":344.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":340.79,"end":340.87},{"text":"the","start":340.91,"end":340.99},{"text":"heart","start":340.99,"end":341.39},{"text":"of","start":341.39,"end":341.55},{"text":"its","start":341.55,"end":341.71},{"text":"mission","start":341.71,"end":342.27},{"text":"lies","start":342.35,"end":342.67},{"text":"the","start":342.67,"end":342.83},{"text":"principle","start":342.83,"end":343.39},{"text":"of","start":343.39,"end":343.63},{"text":"equality.","start":343.79,"end":344.39}]},{"text":"All States, large and small, stand before the Court on an equal 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the Court assist States in managing their differences, maintaining dialogue and seeking solutions through peaceful 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as a court of law, the Court can do no more than decide the questions before it in accordance with its judicial 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disputes brought before the Court extend beyond legal questions.","start":426.47,"end":431.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":426.47,"end":426.79},{"text":"disputes","start":426.79,"end":427.51},{"text":"brought","start":427.59,"end":427.83},{"text":"before","start":427.83,"end":428.15},{"text":"the","start":428.15,"end":428.31},{"text":"Court","start":428.31,"end":428.71},{"text":"extend","start":429.27,"end":430.03},{"text":"beyond","start":430.15,"end":430.63},{"text":"legal","start":430.79,"end":431.15},{"text":"questions.","start":431.15,"end":431.83}]},{"text":"While international law provides an essential framework for clarifying rights and obligations, It cannot on its own resolve every problem.","start":433.23,"end":444.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":433.23,"end":433.59},{"text":"international","start":433.59,"end":434.91},{"text":"law","start":434.91,"end":434.99},{"text":"provides","start":435.03,"end":435.67},{"text":"an","start":435.75,"end":435.91},{"text":"essential","start":435.91,"end":436.47},{"text":"framework","start":436.47,"end":437.19},{"text":"for","start":437.67,"end":437.87},{"text":"clarifying","start":437.87,"end":438.71},{"text":"rights","start":438.71,"end":439.03},{"text":"and","start":439.03,"end":439.15},{"text":"obligations,","start":439.15,"end":440.07},{"text":"It","start":441.31,"end":441.43},{"text":"cannot","start":441.43,"end":441.79},{"text":"on","start":441.79,"end":442.07},{"text":"its","start":442.07,"end":442.19},{"text":"own","start":442.19,"end":442.59},{"text":"resolve","start":443.07,"end":443.55},{"text":"every","start":443.63,"end":444.03},{"text":"problem.","start":444.03,"end":444.43}]},{"text":"Lasting solutions require more than legal answers.","start":446.27,"end":450.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Lasting","start":446.27,"end":446.83},{"text":"solutions","start":446.83,"end":447.63},{"text":"require","start":447.99,"end":448.51},{"text":"more","start":448.51,"end":448.83},{"text":"than","start":449.15,"end":449.55},{"text":"legal","start":449.71,"end":450.03},{"text":"answers.","start":450.07,"end":450.59}]},{"text":"They require cooperation and the will to act.","start":451.63,"end":455.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":451.63,"end":451.79},{"text":"require","start":451.79,"end":452.43},{"text":"cooperation","start":452.43,"end":453.39},{"text":"and","start":454.27,"end":454.47},{"text":"the","start":454.47,"end":454.59},{"text":"will","start":454.59,"end":454.83},{"text":"to","start":454.83,"end":454.99},{"text":"act.","start":454.99,"end":455.47}]},{"text":"The law can show the path, but states must choose to follow it.","start":456.91,"end":462.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":456.91,"end":457.03},{"text":"law","start":457.03,"end":457.31},{"text":"can","start":457.31,"end":457.55},{"text":"show","start":457.55,"end":457.87},{"text":"the","start":457.87,"end":458.03},{"text":"path,","start":458.03,"end":458.59},{"text":"but","start":459.79,"end":460.03},{"text":"states","start":460.03,"end":460.59},{"text":"must","start":460.75,"end":461.19},{"text":"choose","start":461.19,"end":461.47},{"text":"to","start":461.47,"end":461.71},{"text":"follow","start":461.71,"end":462.03},{"text":"it.","start":462.03,"end":462.35}]},{"text":"The strength of the international legal system does not rest primarily on the Court, States retain the central role.","start":464.67,"end":473.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":464.67,"end":464.79},{"text":"strength","start":464.79,"end":465.35},{"text":"of","start":465.47,"end":465.63},{"text":"the","start":465.63,"end":465.75},{"text":"international","start":465.75,"end":466.39},{"text":"legal","start":466.39,"end":466.67},{"text":"system","start":466.67,"end":467.15},{"text":"does","start":467.95,"end":468.19},{"text":"not","start":468.19,"end":468.51},{"text":"rest","start":468.51,"end":469.07},{"text":"primarily","start":469.39,"end":470.19},{"text":"on","start":470.19,"end":470.31},{"text":"the","start":470.31,"end":470.43},{"text":"Court,","start":470.43,"end":470.75},{"text":"States","start":471.39,"end":472.11},{"text":"retain","start":472.43,"end":472.83},{"text":"the","start":472.83,"end":472.99},{"text":"central","start":472.99,"end":473.43},{"text":"role.","start":473.43,"end":473.79}]},{"text":"The rule of law depends on a shared commitment by states to respect agreements and to turn to the law when differences arise.","start":475.63,"end":486.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":475.63,"end":475.75},{"text":"rule","start":475.75,"end":476.27},{"text":"of","start":476.27,"end":476.35},{"text":"law","start":476.35,"end":476.71},{"text":"depends","start":477.15,"end":477.71},{"text":"on","start":477.87,"end":478.11},{"text":"a","start":478.11,"end":478.19},{"text":"shared","start":478.19,"end":478.59},{"text":"commitment","start":478.59,"end":479.23},{"text":"by","start":479.23,"end":479.39},{"text":"states","start":479.39,"end":479.87},{"text":"to","start":480.67,"end":480.79},{"text":"respect","start":480.79,"end":481.31},{"text":"agreements","start":481.39,"end":482.11},{"text":"and","start":482.91,"end":483.11},{"text":"to","start":483.11,"end":483.31},{"text":"turn","start":483.31,"end":483.63},{"text":"to","start":483.63,"end":483.79},{"text":"the","start":483.79,"end":483.87},{"text":"law","start":483.87,"end":484.31},{"text":"when","start":484.91,"end":485.23},{"text":"differences","start":485.23,"end":486.03},{"text":"arise.","start":486.19,"end":486.75}]},{"text":"Excellencies, today's 80th anniversary should be an occasion to renew our commitment to international law.","start":489.71,"end":499.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":489.71,"end":490.59},{"text":"today's","start":492.03,"end":492.75},{"text":"80th","start":492.75,"end":493.23},{"text":"anniversary","start":493.23,"end":494.03},{"text":"should","start":494.67,"end":494.87},{"text":"be","start":494.87,"end":495.07},{"text":"an","start":495.07,"end":495.23},{"text":"occasion","start":495.23,"end":495.95},{"text":"to","start":496.51,"end":496.67},{"text":"renew","start":496.67,"end":497.39},{"text":"our","start":497.71,"end":497.79},{"text":"commitment","start":497.79,"end":498.51},{"text":"to","start":498.67,"end":498.83},{"text":"international","start":498.83,"end":499.59},{"text":"law.","start":499.59,"end":499.67}]},{"text":"The rule of law is not a condition that can be achieved once and for 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80 years would be a big birthday party to celebrate.","start":1926.55,"end":1931.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Normally,","start":1926.55,"end":1927.27},{"text":"80","start":1927.27,"end":1927.67},{"text":"years","start":1927.67,"end":1927.99},{"text":"would","start":1927.99,"end":1928.15},{"text":"be","start":1928.15,"end":1928.35},{"text":"a","start":1928.35,"end":1928.39},{"text":"big","start":1928.39,"end":1928.79},{"text":"birthday","start":1929.03,"end":1929.51},{"text":"party","start":1929.51,"end":1930.15},{"text":"to","start":1930.15,"end":1930.27},{"text":"celebrate.","start":1930.27,"end":1931.03}]},{"text":"Yet, as I said at the opening of the 80th session of the General Assembly in September, these are unfortunately not ordinary 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Excellency, Mr. Tom Pennington, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.","start":3508.27,"end":3514.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":3508.27,"end":3508.47},{"text":"Excellency,","start":3508.47,"end":3509.15},{"text":"Mr.","start":3509.15,"end":3509.55},{"text":"Tom","start":3509.55,"end":3509.87},{"text":"Pennington,","start":3509.87,"end":3510.67},{"text":"Minister","start":3510.67,"end":3511.07},{"text":"of","start":3511.07,"end":3511.15},{"text":"Foreign","start":3511.15,"end":3511.47},{"text":"Affairs","start":3511.59,"end":3512.19},{"text":"of","start":3512.31,"end":3512.51},{"text":"the","start":3512.51,"end":3512.67},{"text":"Kingdom","start":3512.67,"end":3513.07},{"text":"of","start":3513.07,"end":3513.15},{"text":"the","start":3513.15,"end":3513.23},{"text":"Netherlands.","start":3513.23,"end":3514.03}]},{"text":"Your Excellency, Ms. Annalena Baerbock, President of the General 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the perspective of the Council, it is important to note that over the past eight decades, The Court jurisprudence has contributed significantly to the peaceful settlement of disputes between 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now declare the solemnity of the Court closed.","start":4226.11,"end":4229.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4226.11,"end":4226.27},{"text":"now","start":4226.27,"end":4226.51},{"text":"declare","start":4226.51,"end":4226.91},{"text":"the","start":4226.91,"end":4227.07},{"text":"solemnity","start":4227.07,"end":4227.83},{"text":"of","start":4227.83,"end":4227.91},{"text":"the","start":4227.91,"end":4228.03},{"text":"Court","start":4228.03,"end":4228.43},{"text":"closed.","start":4228.75,"end":4229.27}]},{"text":"I kindly request that all those present do not leave the courtroom until they are invited to do 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Iwasawa","affiliation":"ICJ","affiliation_full":"ICJ","group":null,"function":"President"}}],"topics":[{"key":"icj-authority","label":"Authority of the International Court of Justice","description":"Several statements emphasized the ICJ’s role as the UN’s principal judicial organ and the growing reliance on its judgments and advisory opinions. They also highlighted that the Court’s decisions, including provisional measures, must be respected and implemented."},{"key":"climate-justice","label":"Climate Justice","description":"Climate change was discussed as a major legal and moral issue increasingly reaching the Court. Speakers connected the ICJ’s work on climate change to existential risks, state responsibility, and intergenerational justice, especially for vulnerable countries."},{"key":"gender-equality","label":"Gender Equality in International Justice","description":"The proceedings also addressed the underrepresentation of women in international judicial and UN leadership roles. Speakers argued that stronger participation of women improves legitimacy, reflects humanity more fully, and is part of a broader commitment to justice."},{"key":"humanitarian-law","label":"Humanitarian Law and Responsibilities in Conflict","description":"Speakers referred to ongoing conflicts where humanitarian obligations are being ignored and highlighted the importance of legal clarity on responsibilities during war, including in Gaza. The protection of civilians, humanitarian norms, and respect for legal limits in military operations were key concerns."},{"key":"international-law","label":"International Law","description":"A central theme was the need to uphold international law and the UN Charter as the foundation of relations between states. Speakers stressed that legal obligations must prevail over coercion, power politics, and violations of agreed rules."},{"key":"multilateral-system","label":"Multilateral System Under Strain","description":"The discussion reflected concern that the broader multilateral and rules-based system is being challenged by states and ongoing crises. Defending international institutions and the international legal order was presented as essential to global stability."},{"key":"peaceful-dispute-settlement","label":"Peaceful Settlement of Disputes","description":"Speakers repeatedly described the Court as a tool for resolving disputes through law rather than force. They linked judicial settlement to conflict prevention, de-escalation, and long-term international peace and security."}]}}