{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1y/k1yapyur8k","kaltura_id":"1_yapyur8k","title":"Assessment of the Normative Gap Regarding Natural Resources and Peace: Foundations and prospects - Security Council, Arria Formula Meeting","clean_title":"Assessment of the Normative Gap Regarding Natural Resources and Peace: Foundations and prospects - Security Council, Arria Formula Meeting","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k","date":"2026-07-13T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-07-13T14:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"03:12:42","category":"Side Events","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k"},"metadata":{"summary":"Natural resources play a critical role in economic development, inclusive growth, and national prosperity. They constitute strategic assets for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals and for addressing some of today's most pressing global challenges—particularly those related to the energy transition, digital transformation, and the resilience of global supply chains.","description":"The meeting will be chaired by H.E. Ms. Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.\nOverall objective:\nTo examine prospects for the development of a more coherent and universal normative framework capable of reconciling peace, security, transparency, sustainable development, and the equitable distribution of revenues derived from natural resources.","categories":["Meetings & Events","Side Events"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["NATURAL RESOURCES","PEACE"],"corporate_name":["SECURITY COUNCIL"],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"Organizer’s Concept Note","url":"https://files.teamup.com/4777013/attachment/01KXDS6HYP4QPM79PNH7DPBGYH/CONCEPT%20NOTE%20ARRIA%20FORMULA%2013%20JULY%20SBN%20FEV%20XYY.pdf?hash=f82a5c5f7a3ac117082e1a5acbaea315d12803993ed8095b5e9955277b908b03"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"scheduled-ba0fb2e8-0d67-4730-8d7b-8ac8fcb9f20f","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":2.313,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=3","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Bonjour, mesdames et messieurs.","start":2.313,"end":3.806,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Bonjour,","start":2.313,"end":2.65},{"text":"mesdames","start":2.795,"end":3.324},{"text":"et","start":3.356,"end":3.421},{"text":"messieurs.","start":3.421,"end":3.806}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, good morning.","start":4.865,"end":6.454,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":4.865,"end":5.106},{"text":"and","start":5.106,"end":5.234},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":5.282,"end":5.796},{"text":"good","start":5.924,"end":6.133},{"text":"morning.","start":6.149,"end":6.454}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Gentlemen, dear colleagues, excellencies.","start":6.727,"end":8.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Gentlemen,","start":6.727,"end":7.16},{"text":"dear","start":7.208,"end":7.337},{"text":"colleagues,","start":7.369,"end":7.738},{"text":"excellencies.","start":7.834,"end":8.46}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":2,"start":15.169,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=16","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Our ARIA Formula meeting is called to order, and I give the floor to the Permanent Representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":15.169,"end":21.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":15.169,"end":15.315},{"text":"ARIA","start":15.509,"end":15.833},{"text":"Formula","start":15.833,"end":16.303},{"text":"meeting","start":16.303,"end":16.773},{"text":"is","start":17.114,"end":17.178},{"text":"called","start":17.211,"end":17.454},{"text":"to","start":17.454,"end":17.665},{"text":"order,","start":17.681,"end":17.827},{"text":"and","start":17.843,"end":17.94},{"text":"I","start":17.94,"end":18.021},{"text":"give","start":18.021,"end":18.183},{"text":"the","start":18.183,"end":18.264},{"text":"floor","start":18.264,"end":18.507},{"text":"to","start":18.507,"end":18.588},{"text":"the","start":18.588,"end":18.67},{"text":"Permanent","start":18.734,"end":19.075},{"text":"Representative","start":19.075,"end":19.869},{"text":"of","start":19.869,"end":19.917},{"text":"the","start":19.966,"end":20.015},{"text":"Democratic","start":20.047,"end":20.76},{"text":"Republic","start":20.76,"end":21.182},{"text":"of","start":21.182,"end":21.263},{"text":"the","start":21.263,"end":21.344},{"text":"Congo.","start":21.344,"end":21.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":23.56,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=24","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":23.56,"end":24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":23.56,"end":23.657},{"text":"you","start":23.657,"end":23.69},{"text":"very","start":23.69,"end":23.772},{"text":"much.","start":23.772,"end":24}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, a very good morning and welcome to this ARIA Formula meeting entitled Assessment of the Normative Gap Regarding Natural Resources and Peace: Foundations and Prospects.","start":25.046,"end":41.454,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":25.046,"end":25.519},{"text":"ladies","start":25.552,"end":25.781},{"text":"and","start":25.797,"end":25.879},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":25.879,"end":26.336},{"text":"a","start":26.352,"end":26.369},{"text":"very","start":26.369,"end":26.614},{"text":"good","start":26.614,"end":26.793},{"text":"morning","start":26.793,"end":27.055},{"text":"and","start":27.104,"end":27.251},{"text":"welcome","start":27.251,"end":27.643},{"text":"to","start":28.312,"end":28.59},{"text":"this","start":29.292,"end":29.537},{"text":"ARIA","start":29.537,"end":29.796},{"text":"Formula","start":29.796,"end":30.249},{"text":"meeting","start":30.249,"end":30.735},{"text":"entitled","start":34.086,"end":34.895},{"text":"Assessment","start":35.073,"end":35.64},{"text":"of","start":35.64,"end":35.721},{"text":"the","start":35.721,"end":35.85},{"text":"Normative","start":35.85,"end":36.336},{"text":"Gap","start":36.336,"end":36.838},{"text":"Regarding","start":36.838,"end":37.291},{"text":"Natural","start":37.307,"end":37.615},{"text":"Resources","start":37.647,"end":38.02},{"text":"and","start":38.052,"end":38.215},{"text":"Peace:","start":38.215,"end":38.492},{"text":"Foundations","start":40.071,"end":40.754},{"text":"and","start":40.754,"end":40.901},{"text":"Prospects.","start":40.901,"end":41.454}]},{"text":"We are going to begin with our list of speakers.","start":44.69,"end":47.418,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":44.69,"end":44.771},{"text":"are","start":45.242,"end":45.502},{"text":"going","start":45.502,"end":45.713},{"text":"to","start":45.746,"end":45.908},{"text":"begin","start":45.908,"end":46.2},{"text":"with","start":46.314,"end":46.411},{"text":"our","start":46.411,"end":46.557},{"text":"list","start":46.557,"end":46.866},{"text":"of","start":46.866,"end":46.915},{"text":"speakers.","start":46.947,"end":47.418}]},{"text":"We have speakers who have signed up.","start":49.301,"end":51.428,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":49.301,"end":49.496},{"text":"have","start":50.113,"end":50.292},{"text":"speakers","start":50.292,"end":50.617},{"text":"who","start":50.617,"end":50.698},{"text":"have","start":50.698,"end":50.795},{"text":"signed","start":50.795,"end":51.25},{"text":"up.","start":51.25,"end":51.428}]},{"text":"First, we will have the— Her Excellency, the Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, Francophonie, and Congolese Diaspora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":53.76,"end":67.553,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":53.76,"end":53.856},{"text":"we","start":53.872,"end":54.033},{"text":"will","start":54.033,"end":54.146},{"text":"have","start":54.194,"end":54.581},{"text":"the—","start":55.16,"end":55.241},{"text":"Her","start":56.512,"end":56.609},{"text":"Excellency,","start":56.609,"end":57.221},{"text":"the","start":57.253,"end":57.575},{"text":"Minister","start":57.639,"end":58.122},{"text":"of","start":58.122,"end":58.219},{"text":"State,","start":58.219,"end":58.718},{"text":"Minister","start":58.766,"end":59.201},{"text":"of","start":59.201,"end":59.265},{"text":"Foreign","start":59.265,"end":59.555},{"text":"Affairs,","start":59.603,"end":60.038},{"text":"International","start":61.4,"end":61.741},{"text":"Cooperation,","start":61.758,"end":62.49},{"text":"Francophonie,","start":62.555,"end":63.272},{"text":"and","start":63.874,"end":64.037},{"text":"Congolese","start":64.037,"end":64.574},{"text":"Diaspora","start":64.623,"end":65.404},{"text":"of","start":65.664,"end":65.713},{"text":"the","start":65.762,"end":65.892},{"text":"Democratic","start":65.892,"end":66.397},{"text":"Republic","start":66.397,"end":66.869},{"text":"of","start":66.885,"end":66.95},{"text":"the","start":66.95,"end":67.048},{"text":"Congo.","start":67.048,"end":67.553}]},{"text":"Her Excellency Ms. Therese Kayikwamba Wagner, who will be opening up this morning's discussion with her opening remarks, which we will be listening to, followed by the briefers, of which we have 4.","start":68.124,"end":93.224,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Her","start":68.124,"end":68.27},{"text":"Excellency","start":68.27,"end":68.901},{"text":"Ms.","start":68.917,"end":69.159},{"text":"Therese","start":69.418,"end":69.871},{"text":"Kayikwamba","start":70.388,"end":71.601},{"text":"Wagner,","start":71.763,"end":72.297},{"text":"who","start":73.849,"end":73.994},{"text":"will","start":74.091,"end":74.156},{"text":"be","start":74.269,"end":74.528},{"text":"opening","start":75.709,"end":75.935},{"text":"up","start":76.048,"end":76.194},{"text":"this","start":76.194,"end":76.372},{"text":"morning's","start":76.372,"end":76.792},{"text":"discussion","start":76.792,"end":77.31},{"text":"with","start":77.343,"end":77.56},{"text":"her","start":77.66,"end":78.011},{"text":"opening","start":78.83,"end":79.114},{"text":"remarks,","start":79.164,"end":79.749},{"text":"which","start":82.703,"end":83.656},{"text":"we","start":83.689,"end":84.012},{"text":"will","start":86,"end":86.13},{"text":"be","start":86.809,"end":87.003},{"text":"listening","start":87.455,"end":87.843},{"text":"to,","start":87.94,"end":88.264},{"text":"followed","start":88.344,"end":88.732},{"text":"by","start":88.765,"end":89.039},{"text":"the","start":89.815,"end":89.896},{"text":"briefers,","start":89.961,"end":90.43},{"text":"of","start":92.321,"end":92.37},{"text":"which","start":92.37,"end":92.455},{"text":"we","start":92.575,"end":92.728},{"text":"have","start":92.728,"end":92.848},{"text":"4.","start":92.848,"end":93.224}]},{"text":"Our first briefer is Mr. Loua Beloua Moubita, who is the Executive Secretary of the International Conference in the Great Lakes Region.","start":94.087,"end":103.488,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":94.087,"end":94.425},{"text":"first","start":94.425,"end":94.908},{"text":"briefer","start":94.908,"end":95.375},{"text":"is","start":95.552,"end":95.632},{"text":"Mr.","start":95.697,"end":96.196},{"text":"Loua","start":96.437,"end":96.679},{"text":"Beloua","start":96.759,"end":97.194},{"text":"Moubita,","start":97.387,"end":98.047},{"text":"who","start":98.514,"end":98.594},{"text":"is","start":98.61,"end":98.659},{"text":"the","start":98.707,"end":98.836},{"text":"Executive","start":98.836,"end":99.254},{"text":"Secretary","start":99.254,"end":99.85},{"text":"of","start":100.526,"end":100.671},{"text":"the","start":100.687,"end":100.945},{"text":"International","start":101.025,"end":101.589},{"text":"Conference","start":101.589,"end":102.232},{"text":"in","start":102.232,"end":102.281},{"text":"the","start":102.313,"end":102.393},{"text":"Great","start":102.458,"end":102.796},{"text":"Lakes","start":102.796,"end":103.021},{"text":"Region.","start":103.118,"end":103.488}]},{"text":"The second briefer will be Mrs. Confort Ero, who's up there on the screen, and she is President and CEO of the International Crisis Group.","start":107.091,"end":120.32,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":107.091,"end":107.172},{"text":"second","start":107.172,"end":107.574},{"text":"briefer","start":107.574,"end":108.057},{"text":"will","start":109.41,"end":109.539},{"text":"be","start":109.587,"end":109.845},{"text":"Mrs.","start":109.974,"end":110.36},{"text":"Confort","start":111.117,"end":111.777},{"text":"Ero,","start":111.906,"end":112.244},{"text":"who's","start":114.079,"end":114.611},{"text":"up","start":114.659,"end":114.74},{"text":"there","start":114.74,"end":114.901},{"text":"on","start":114.901,"end":115.03},{"text":"the","start":115.03,"end":115.062},{"text":"screen,","start":115.062,"end":115.596},{"text":"and","start":116.583,"end":116.647},{"text":"she","start":116.664,"end":116.906},{"text":"is","start":116.906,"end":116.971},{"text":"President","start":117.068,"end":117.667},{"text":"and","start":117.667,"end":117.748},{"text":"CEO","start":117.748,"end":118.395},{"text":"of","start":118.621,"end":118.751},{"text":"the","start":118.783,"end":118.929},{"text":"International","start":118.929,"end":119.463},{"text":"Crisis","start":119.511,"end":120.077},{"text":"Group.","start":120.077,"end":120.32}]},{"text":"Third, we have Ms. Gracelen Cristina Bascaran, who is Director of the Critical Mineral Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.","start":122.224,"end":136.35,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":122.224,"end":122.661},{"text":"we","start":122.677,"end":122.839},{"text":"have","start":122.839,"end":123.163},{"text":"Ms.","start":126.014,"end":126.241},{"text":"Gracelen","start":126.322,"end":126.953},{"text":"Cristina","start":127.212,"end":127.796},{"text":"Bascaran,","start":127.796,"end":128.492},{"text":"who","start":129.399,"end":129.545},{"text":"is","start":129.561,"end":129.626},{"text":"Director","start":129.723,"end":130.468},{"text":"of","start":130.695,"end":130.76},{"text":"the","start":130.76,"end":130.954},{"text":"Critical","start":130.954,"end":131.456},{"text":"Mineral","start":131.456,"end":131.813},{"text":"Security","start":131.91,"end":132.477},{"text":"Program","start":132.477,"end":132.931},{"text":"at","start":133.79,"end":133.936},{"text":"the","start":133.936,"end":134.001},{"text":"Center","start":134.017,"end":134.438},{"text":"for","start":134.438,"end":134.633},{"text":"Strategic","start":134.633,"end":135.265},{"text":"and","start":135.265,"end":135.394},{"text":"International","start":135.394,"end":135.913},{"text":"Studies.","start":135.913,"end":136.35}]},{"text":"And lastly, fourthly, we have Mr. Cop Alexander Beatt, who is Senior and Advocacy Advisor of Global Advisor.","start":139.88,"end":147.986,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":139.88,"end":140.17},{"text":"lastly,","start":140.701,"end":141.024},{"text":"fourthly,","start":141.04,"end":141.507},{"text":"we","start":141.523,"end":141.62},{"text":"have","start":141.668,"end":141.91},{"text":"Mr.","start":141.91,"end":142.152},{"text":"Cop","start":142.232,"end":142.474},{"text":"Alexander","start":142.555,"end":143.054},{"text":"Beatt,","start":143.135,"end":143.554},{"text":"who","start":144.263,"end":144.472},{"text":"is","start":144.489,"end":144.553},{"text":"Senior","start":144.601,"end":145.149},{"text":"and","start":145.536,"end":145.762},{"text":"Advocacy","start":145.858,"end":146.406},{"text":"Advisor","start":146.438,"end":147.083},{"text":"of","start":147.18,"end":147.244},{"text":"Global","start":147.244,"end":147.583},{"text":"Advisor.","start":147.583,"end":147.986}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":148.034,"end":148.195,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":148.034,"end":148.131},{"text":"you.","start":148.131,"end":148.195}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"After those briefers, we will give the floor to Mr. Huang Xia, the Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region.","start":150.061,"end":156.608,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"After","start":150.061,"end":150.401},{"text":"those","start":150.417,"end":150.612},{"text":"briefers,","start":150.644,"end":151.066},{"text":"we","start":151.131,"end":151.195},{"text":"will","start":151.195,"end":151.325},{"text":"give","start":151.357,"end":151.503},{"text":"the","start":151.52,"end":151.584},{"text":"floor","start":151.617,"end":151.876},{"text":"to","start":151.941,"end":152.103},{"text":"Mr.","start":152.168,"end":152.508},{"text":"Huang","start":152.67,"end":152.881},{"text":"Xia,","start":152.994,"end":153.481},{"text":"the","start":153.643,"end":153.724},{"text":"Special","start":153.724,"end":154.323},{"text":"Envoy","start":154.372,"end":154.566},{"text":"of","start":154.631,"end":154.712},{"text":"the","start":154.761,"end":154.793},{"text":"UN","start":154.793,"end":155.02},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":155.02,"end":155.555},{"text":"for","start":155.587,"end":155.668},{"text":"the","start":155.668,"end":155.749},{"text":"Great","start":155.749,"end":155.944},{"text":"Lakes","start":155.976,"end":156.236},{"text":"Region.","start":156.301,"end":156.608}]},{"text":"And then we have the list of speakers of the members of the Security Council members in the order that they signed up.","start":157.92,"end":166.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":157.92,"end":157.968},{"text":"then","start":157.968,"end":158.161},{"text":"we","start":158.177,"end":158.338},{"text":"have","start":158.338,"end":158.805},{"text":"the","start":159.015,"end":159.256},{"text":"list","start":159.401,"end":159.659},{"text":"of","start":159.659,"end":159.724},{"text":"speakers","start":159.724,"end":160.255},{"text":"of","start":160.513,"end":160.738},{"text":"the","start":160.771,"end":160.851},{"text":"members","start":161.415,"end":161.737},{"text":"of","start":161.737,"end":161.818},{"text":"the","start":161.818,"end":161.898},{"text":"Security","start":161.898,"end":162.365},{"text":"Council","start":162.365,"end":162.8},{"text":"members","start":162.8,"end":163.235},{"text":"in","start":164.298,"end":164.443},{"text":"the","start":164.862,"end":165.023},{"text":"order","start":165.023,"end":165.2},{"text":"that","start":165.2,"end":165.361},{"text":"they","start":165.361,"end":165.458},{"text":"signed","start":165.458,"end":165.78},{"text":"up.","start":165.909,"end":166.07}]},{"text":"And after that, we will have non-Council members who will each have 3 minutes.","start":168.212,"end":173.698,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":168.212,"end":168.423},{"text":"after","start":168.602,"end":168.796},{"text":"that,","start":168.796,"end":168.959},{"text":"we","start":169.024,"end":169.17},{"text":"will","start":169.17,"end":169.316},{"text":"have","start":169.332,"end":169.722},{"text":"non-Council","start":170.419,"end":171.117},{"text":"members","start":171.117,"end":171.507},{"text":"who","start":171.621,"end":171.718},{"text":"will","start":171.718,"end":171.929},{"text":"each","start":172.01,"end":172.189},{"text":"have","start":172.189,"end":172.562},{"text":"3","start":172.659,"end":173.098},{"text":"minutes.","start":173.325,"end":173.698}]},{"text":"to take the floor, and after that we will hear some final remarks from Her Excellency the State Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the DRC.","start":174.565,"end":184.937,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"to","start":174.565,"end":174.661},{"text":"take","start":174.661,"end":174.886},{"text":"the","start":174.886,"end":174.966},{"text":"floor,","start":174.966,"end":175.32},{"text":"and","start":177.039,"end":177.135},{"text":"after","start":177.135,"end":177.424},{"text":"that","start":177.457,"end":177.762},{"text":"we","start":177.762,"end":177.922},{"text":"will","start":177.922,"end":178.083},{"text":"hear","start":178.083,"end":178.34},{"text":"some","start":178.34,"end":178.565},{"text":"final","start":178.726,"end":179.015},{"text":"remarks","start":179.015,"end":179.658},{"text":"from","start":180.027,"end":180.381},{"text":"Her","start":180.75,"end":180.895},{"text":"Excellency","start":180.911,"end":181.521},{"text":"the","start":181.618,"end":181.81},{"text":"State","start":182.437,"end":182.742},{"text":"Minister,","start":182.742,"end":183.064},{"text":"Minister","start":183.08,"end":183.417},{"text":"of","start":183.417,"end":183.53},{"text":"Foreign","start":183.53,"end":183.659},{"text":"Affairs","start":183.659,"end":184.015},{"text":"of","start":184.128,"end":184.257},{"text":"the","start":184.274,"end":184.371},{"text":"DRC.","start":184.371,"end":184.937}]},{"text":"Having said that, Excellencies, I would like to open the floor for your opening remarks.","start":185.729,"end":191.682,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Having","start":185.729,"end":185.907},{"text":"said","start":185.907,"end":186.117},{"text":"that,","start":186.134,"end":186.263},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":186.376,"end":186.926},{"text":"I","start":188.172,"end":188.253},{"text":"would","start":188.253,"end":188.398},{"text":"like","start":188.398,"end":188.511},{"text":"to","start":188.576,"end":188.916},{"text":"open","start":188.98,"end":189.223},{"text":"the","start":189.223,"end":189.304},{"text":"floor","start":189.304,"end":189.498},{"text":"for","start":189.708,"end":190.129},{"text":"your","start":190.663,"end":190.905},{"text":"opening","start":190.905,"end":191.18},{"text":"remarks.","start":191.229,"end":191.682}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Permanent Representative"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":192.99,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=193","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, distinguished guests, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":192.99,"end":196.678,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":192.99,"end":193.103},{"text":"you","start":193.103,"end":193.184},{"text":"very","start":193.184,"end":193.345},{"text":"much,","start":193.345,"end":193.556},{"text":"distinguished","start":194.316,"end":194.834},{"text":"guests,","start":194.882,"end":195.206},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":195.271,"end":195.821},{"text":"ladies","start":195.853,"end":196.096},{"text":"and","start":196.096,"end":196.161},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":196.177,"end":196.678}]},{"text":"First of all, I wish to welcome you and Thank you very much for answering the invitation of the DRC to attend this ARIA Formula meeting on an assessment of the normative gap regarding natural resources and peace, foundations and prospects.","start":196.743,"end":215.713,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":196.743,"end":197.002},{"text":"of","start":197.002,"end":197.131},{"text":"all,","start":197.131,"end":197.18},{"text":"I","start":197.293,"end":197.374},{"text":"wish","start":197.374,"end":197.504},{"text":"to","start":197.617,"end":197.876},{"text":"welcome","start":198.183,"end":198.539},{"text":"you","start":198.588,"end":198.766},{"text":"and","start":199.073,"end":199.202},{"text":"Thank","start":200.157,"end":200.397},{"text":"you","start":200.397,"end":200.574},{"text":"very","start":200.574,"end":200.751},{"text":"much","start":200.751,"end":201.024},{"text":"for","start":201.136,"end":201.473},{"text":"answering","start":202.404,"end":202.79},{"text":"the","start":203.046,"end":203.303},{"text":"invitation","start":203.528,"end":203.962},{"text":"of","start":203.962,"end":204.026},{"text":"the","start":204.026,"end":204.122},{"text":"DRC","start":204.122,"end":204.748},{"text":"to","start":204.829,"end":204.957},{"text":"attend","start":204.973,"end":205.31},{"text":"this","start":205.31,"end":205.535},{"text":"ARIA","start":205.535,"end":205.792},{"text":"Formula","start":205.792,"end":206.193},{"text":"meeting","start":206.193,"end":206.562},{"text":"on","start":207.542,"end":207.766},{"text":"an","start":209.163,"end":209.211},{"text":"assessment","start":209.26,"end":209.87},{"text":"of","start":209.87,"end":209.95},{"text":"the","start":209.95,"end":210.03},{"text":"normative","start":210.03,"end":210.496},{"text":"gap","start":210.512,"end":210.833},{"text":"regarding","start":210.833,"end":211.218},{"text":"natural","start":211.25,"end":211.491},{"text":"resources","start":211.491,"end":211.989},{"text":"and","start":211.989,"end":212.181},{"text":"peace,","start":212.198,"end":212.406},{"text":"foundations","start":213.081,"end":213.787},{"text":"and","start":213.98,"end":214.269},{"text":"prospects.","start":214.365,"end":215.713}]},{"text":"The mobilization of your delegations is testament to the interest that the international community vests in an issue that is important for peace, security, and sustainable development, and the commitment to this continues to increase.","start":216.291,"end":230.429,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":216.291,"end":216.372},{"text":"mobilization","start":216.388,"end":217.142},{"text":"of","start":217.207,"end":217.335},{"text":"your","start":217.335,"end":217.447},{"text":"delegations","start":217.447,"end":218.057},{"text":"is","start":218.057,"end":218.122},{"text":"testament","start":218.154,"end":218.796},{"text":"to","start":218.796,"end":218.957},{"text":"the","start":218.957,"end":219.133},{"text":"interest","start":219.438,"end":219.84},{"text":"that","start":219.904,"end":219.984},{"text":"the","start":219.984,"end":220.08},{"text":"international","start":220.08,"end":220.642},{"text":"community","start":220.642,"end":221.172},{"text":"vests","start":221.204,"end":221.557},{"text":"in","start":221.83,"end":221.895},{"text":"an","start":222.328,"end":222.408},{"text":"issue","start":222.408,"end":222.649},{"text":"that","start":222.649,"end":222.874},{"text":"is","start":222.874,"end":222.938},{"text":"important","start":222.986,"end":223.596},{"text":"for","start":223.596,"end":223.949},{"text":"peace,","start":223.998,"end":224.142},{"text":"security,","start":224.19,"end":224.784},{"text":"and","start":225.362,"end":225.796},{"text":"sustainable","start":226.406,"end":226.774},{"text":"development,","start":226.774,"end":227.303},{"text":"and","start":227.384,"end":227.624},{"text":"the","start":227.848,"end":227.945},{"text":"commitment","start":227.945,"end":229.099},{"text":"to","start":229.147,"end":229.227},{"text":"this","start":229.227,"end":229.387},{"text":"continues","start":229.387,"end":229.836},{"text":"to","start":229.852,"end":229.948},{"text":"increase.","start":229.948,"end":230.429}]},{"text":"I thank the distinguished briefers who have graced us with their presence here this morning.","start":230.734,"end":235.046,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":230.734,"end":230.782},{"text":"thank","start":230.83,"end":231.135},{"text":"the","start":231.135,"end":231.231},{"text":"distinguished","start":231.231,"end":231.696},{"text":"briefers","start":231.712,"end":232.16},{"text":"who","start":232.257,"end":232.513},{"text":"have","start":232.738,"end":233.01},{"text":"graced","start":233.058,"end":233.315},{"text":"us","start":233.315,"end":233.395},{"text":"with","start":233.395,"end":233.475},{"text":"their","start":233.475,"end":233.78},{"text":"presence","start":233.78,"end":234.389},{"text":"here","start":234.421,"end":234.517},{"text":"this","start":234.517,"end":234.629},{"text":"morning.","start":234.741,"end":235.046}]},{"text":"To brief us on this issue, we have Mr. Loua Belwa Moubita, the Executive Secretary of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region; Ms. Comfort Ero, President and CEO of the International Crisis Group; Ms. Greslin Christina Bascaran, Director of the Critical Mineral Security Program at the Center for Strategic Strategic and International Studies, Mr. Alex Kopp, Senior and Advocacy Advisor of Global Advisor.","start":235.479,"end":259.46,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":235.479,"end":235.607},{"text":"brief","start":235.639,"end":235.896},{"text":"us","start":235.896,"end":236.04},{"text":"on","start":236.04,"end":236.12},{"text":"this","start":236.12,"end":236.248},{"text":"issue,","start":236.344,"end":236.649},{"text":"we","start":236.681,"end":236.777},{"text":"have","start":236.825,"end":237.13},{"text":"Mr.","start":237.146,"end":237.402},{"text":"Loua","start":237.643,"end":237.947},{"text":"Belwa","start":237.947,"end":238.204},{"text":"Moubita,","start":238.284,"end":238.765},{"text":"the","start":238.829,"end":238.941},{"text":"Executive","start":238.941,"end":239.39},{"text":"Secretary","start":239.39,"end":239.807},{"text":"of","start":239.807,"end":239.855},{"text":"the","start":239.887,"end":239.951},{"text":"International","start":239.951,"end":240.48},{"text":"Conference","start":240.512,"end":240.929},{"text":"on","start":240.929,"end":240.993},{"text":"the","start":240.993,"end":241.089},{"text":"Great","start":241.089,"end":241.33},{"text":"Lakes","start":241.33,"end":241.634},{"text":"Region;","start":241.634,"end":242.019},{"text":"Ms.","start":242.772,"end":243.253},{"text":"Comfort","start":243.333,"end":243.75},{"text":"Ero,","start":243.798,"end":244.087},{"text":"President","start":244.215,"end":244.696},{"text":"and","start":244.696,"end":244.76},{"text":"CEO","start":244.76,"end":245.161},{"text":"of","start":245.193,"end":245.273},{"text":"the","start":245.273,"end":245.401},{"text":"International","start":245.401,"end":245.786},{"text":"Crisis","start":245.818,"end":246.219},{"text":"Group;","start":246.219,"end":246.54},{"text":"Ms.","start":246.62,"end":247.774},{"text":"Greslin","start":247.822,"end":248.415},{"text":"Christina","start":248.559,"end":249.12},{"text":"Bascaran,","start":249.12,"end":249.553},{"text":"Director","start":249.649,"end":249.986},{"text":"of","start":249.986,"end":250.114},{"text":"the","start":250.21,"end":250.307},{"text":"Critical","start":250.307,"end":250.723},{"text":"Mineral","start":250.787,"end":251.076},{"text":"Security","start":251.124,"end":251.669},{"text":"Program","start":251.669,"end":252.102},{"text":"at","start":252.166,"end":252.23},{"text":"the","start":252.23,"end":252.326},{"text":"Center","start":252.326,"end":252.631},{"text":"for","start":252.631,"end":252.711},{"text":"Strategic","start":252.711,"end":253.032},{"text":"Strategic","start":252.92,"end":253.209},{"text":"and","start":253.209,"end":253.338},{"text":"International","start":253.338,"end":253.773},{"text":"Studies,","start":253.773,"end":254.208},{"text":"Mr.","start":254.257,"end":254.788},{"text":"Alex","start":254.885,"end":255.126},{"text":"Kopp,","start":255.191,"end":255.465},{"text":"Senior","start":255.867,"end":256.302},{"text":"and","start":256.335,"end":256.399},{"text":"Advocacy","start":256.415,"end":257.027},{"text":"Advisor","start":257.301,"end":257.913},{"text":"of","start":258.09,"end":258.235},{"text":"Global","start":258.574,"end":258.912},{"text":"Advisor.","start":258.912,"end":259.46}]},{"text":"Um, I thank the delegations who supported this initiative as well as the representatives of international organizations, civil society, and the private sector present with us in the room this morning.","start":261.39,"end":269.953,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Um,","start":261.39,"end":261.454},{"text":"I","start":261.599,"end":261.648},{"text":"thank","start":262.003,"end":262.164},{"text":"the","start":262.164,"end":262.228},{"text":"delegations","start":262.244,"end":262.712},{"text":"who","start":262.728,"end":262.76},{"text":"supported","start":262.76,"end":263.148},{"text":"this","start":263.148,"end":263.26},{"text":"initiative","start":263.309,"end":263.793},{"text":"as","start":263.793,"end":263.873},{"text":"well","start":263.873,"end":264.034},{"text":"as","start":264.034,"end":264.083},{"text":"the","start":264.18,"end":264.26},{"text":"representatives","start":264.26,"end":264.889},{"text":"of","start":264.938,"end":265.018},{"text":"international","start":265.018,"end":265.47},{"text":"organizations,","start":265.47,"end":266.099},{"text":"civil","start":266.211,"end":266.469},{"text":"society,","start":266.469,"end":267.082},{"text":"and","start":267.098,"end":267.179},{"text":"the","start":267.179,"end":267.26},{"text":"private","start":267.26,"end":267.647},{"text":"sector","start":267.647,"end":268.227},{"text":"present","start":268.308,"end":268.888},{"text":"with","start":268.953,"end":269.05},{"text":"us","start":269.05,"end":269.195},{"text":"in","start":269.195,"end":269.259},{"text":"the","start":269.259,"end":269.34},{"text":"room","start":269.34,"end":269.501},{"text":"this","start":269.501,"end":269.662},{"text":"morning.","start":269.662,"end":269.953}]},{"text":"I also welcome the presence of His Excellency Mr. Huang Xia, Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region.","start":270.412,"end":276.955,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":270.412,"end":270.444},{"text":"also","start":270.493,"end":270.703},{"text":"welcome","start":270.736,"end":271.06},{"text":"the","start":271.06,"end":271.141},{"text":"presence","start":271.141,"end":271.546},{"text":"of","start":271.546,"end":271.61},{"text":"His","start":271.61,"end":271.756},{"text":"Excellency","start":271.805,"end":272.323},{"text":"Mr.","start":272.339,"end":272.614},{"text":"Huang","start":272.663,"end":272.809},{"text":"Xia,","start":272.922,"end":273.278},{"text":"Special","start":273.343,"end":273.748},{"text":"Envoy","start":273.748,"end":274.007},{"text":"of","start":274.137,"end":274.202},{"text":"the","start":274.299,"end":274.525},{"text":"UN","start":274.525,"end":274.785},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":274.785,"end":275.643},{"text":"for","start":276.08,"end":276.177},{"text":"the","start":276.177,"end":276.242},{"text":"Great","start":276.242,"end":276.436},{"text":"Lakes","start":276.485,"end":276.728},{"text":"Region.","start":276.728,"end":276.955}]},{"text":"For more than— assuming for the first time in 3 decades the presidency of the UN Security Council, the Democratic Republic of the Congo wanted to serve reflections on an issue of universal interest.","start":279.547,"end":293.727,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":279.547,"end":279.902},{"text":"more","start":280.127,"end":280.353},{"text":"than—","start":280.353,"end":280.498},{"text":"assuming","start":281.32,"end":281.723},{"text":"for","start":281.723,"end":281.803},{"text":"the","start":281.803,"end":281.884},{"text":"first","start":281.884,"end":282.303},{"text":"time","start":282.303,"end":282.609},{"text":"in","start":282.609,"end":282.754},{"text":"3","start":282.77,"end":283.028},{"text":"decades","start":283.028,"end":283.56},{"text":"the","start":284.704,"end":284.801},{"text":"presidency","start":284.801,"end":285.284},{"text":"of","start":285.284,"end":285.365},{"text":"the","start":285.365,"end":285.461},{"text":"UN","start":285.461,"end":285.671},{"text":"Security","start":285.671,"end":286.009},{"text":"Council,","start":286.009,"end":286.315},{"text":"the","start":286.331,"end":286.412},{"text":"Democratic","start":286.412,"end":286.879},{"text":"Republic","start":286.879,"end":287.234},{"text":"of","start":287.234,"end":287.298},{"text":"the","start":287.298,"end":287.443},{"text":"Congo","start":287.443,"end":287.846},{"text":"wanted","start":287.846,"end":288.248},{"text":"to","start":288.408,"end":288.682},{"text":"serve","start":288.923,"end":289.437},{"text":"reflections","start":291.076,"end":291.783},{"text":"on","start":291.879,"end":291.96},{"text":"an","start":291.96,"end":292.056},{"text":"issue","start":292.056,"end":292.442},{"text":"of","start":292.442,"end":292.586},{"text":"universal","start":292.586,"end":293.036},{"text":"interest.","start":293.085,"end":293.727}]},{"text":"This is not just yet another consultation, this meeting.","start":294.434,"end":297.892,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":294.434,"end":294.563},{"text":"is","start":294.836,"end":294.981},{"text":"not","start":295.093,"end":295.366},{"text":"just","start":295.399,"end":295.784},{"text":"yet","start":295.816,"end":296.057},{"text":"another","start":296.057,"end":296.299},{"text":"consultation,","start":296.299,"end":296.909},{"text":"this","start":297.49,"end":297.586},{"text":"meeting.","start":297.586,"end":297.892}]},{"text":"It marks the opening up of some reflections that we wish to continue in the long term on one of the major challenges of our time.","start":298.085,"end":305.209,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":298.085,"end":298.181},{"text":"marks","start":298.229,"end":298.664},{"text":"the","start":299.033,"end":299.162},{"text":"opening","start":299.275,"end":299.645},{"text":"up","start":299.918,"end":300.095},{"text":"of","start":300.175,"end":300.384},{"text":"some","start":300.4,"end":300.642},{"text":"reflections","start":300.642,"end":301.188},{"text":"that","start":301.205,"end":301.365},{"text":"we","start":301.365,"end":301.526},{"text":"wish","start":301.542,"end":301.671},{"text":"to","start":301.784,"end":301.944},{"text":"continue","start":301.944,"end":302.572},{"text":"in","start":302.588,"end":302.636},{"text":"the","start":302.668,"end":302.748},{"text":"long","start":302.748,"end":302.877},{"text":"term","start":302.99,"end":303.36},{"text":"on","start":303.633,"end":303.713},{"text":"one","start":303.713,"end":303.81},{"text":"of","start":303.81,"end":303.874},{"text":"the","start":303.874,"end":303.939},{"text":"major","start":303.939,"end":304.196},{"text":"challenges","start":304.26,"end":304.678},{"text":"of","start":304.678,"end":304.743},{"text":"our","start":304.743,"end":304.839},{"text":"time.","start":304.839,"end":305.209}]},{"text":"Making global governance of natural resources an issue to do with conflict management, but a way to prevent conflicts to serve peace, development, and prosperity.","start":305.782,"end":316.982,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Making","start":305.782,"end":306.232},{"text":"global","start":307.066,"end":307.371},{"text":"governance","start":307.403,"end":307.804},{"text":"of","start":307.804,"end":307.884},{"text":"natural","start":307.884,"end":308.253},{"text":"resources","start":308.269,"end":308.799},{"text":"an","start":309.874,"end":309.97},{"text":"issue","start":309.97,"end":310.355},{"text":"to","start":310.436,"end":310.532},{"text":"do","start":310.532,"end":310.805},{"text":"with","start":310.821,"end":311.142},{"text":"conflict","start":311.158,"end":311.479},{"text":"management,","start":311.479,"end":311.944},{"text":"but","start":312.024,"end":312.217},{"text":"a","start":312.345,"end":312.361},{"text":"way","start":312.425,"end":312.618},{"text":"to","start":312.682,"end":313.003},{"text":"prevent","start":313.95,"end":314.27},{"text":"conflicts","start":314.27,"end":314.704},{"text":"to","start":314.704,"end":314.848},{"text":"serve","start":314.848,"end":315.057},{"text":"peace,","start":315.089,"end":315.49},{"text":"development,","start":315.827,"end":316.228},{"text":"and","start":316.292,"end":316.356},{"text":"prosperity.","start":316.356,"end":316.982}]},{"text":"Excellencies, natural resources occupy a central space in the great economic and geopolitical balances.","start":317.095,"end":324.363,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":317.095,"end":317.784},{"text":"natural","start":317.817,"end":318.089},{"text":"resources","start":318.089,"end":318.667},{"text":"occupy","start":318.86,"end":319.293},{"text":"a","start":319.646,"end":319.662},{"text":"central","start":319.758,"end":320.288},{"text":"space","start":320.288,"end":320.592},{"text":"in","start":320.865,"end":320.994},{"text":"the","start":321.266,"end":321.507},{"text":"great","start":322.133,"end":322.518},{"text":"economic","start":322.55,"end":323.031},{"text":"and","start":323.031,"end":323.112},{"text":"geopolitical","start":323.112,"end":323.77},{"text":"balances.","start":323.834,"end":324.363}]},{"text":"They are essential for the energy transition, for technological innovation, for industrial development, and for the resilience of global supply chains.","start":324.7,"end":333.349,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":324.7,"end":324.829},{"text":"are","start":324.861,"end":324.941},{"text":"essential","start":324.941,"end":325.406},{"text":"for","start":325.438,"end":325.551},{"text":"the","start":325.551,"end":325.775},{"text":"energy","start":326.08,"end":326.385},{"text":"transition,","start":326.385,"end":326.979},{"text":"for","start":327.043,"end":327.187},{"text":"technological","start":327.203,"end":328.022},{"text":"innovation,","start":328.022,"end":328.631},{"text":"for","start":328.647,"end":328.888},{"text":"industrial","start":328.888,"end":329.321},{"text":"development,","start":329.369,"end":329.931},{"text":"and","start":330.477,"end":330.798},{"text":"for","start":330.798,"end":331.006},{"text":"the","start":331.054,"end":331.183},{"text":"resilience","start":331.199,"end":331.776},{"text":"of","start":331.921,"end":332.161},{"text":"global","start":332.177,"end":332.498},{"text":"supply","start":332.498,"end":332.9},{"text":"chains.","start":332.9,"end":333.349}]},{"text":"For so many countries, they represent a formidable opportunity for growth and economic transformation.","start":334.335,"end":340.087,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":334.335,"end":334.692},{"text":"so","start":335.017,"end":335.228},{"text":"many","start":335.228,"end":335.407},{"text":"countries,","start":335.472,"end":335.943},{"text":"they","start":336.366,"end":336.528},{"text":"represent","start":336.528,"end":337.097},{"text":"a","start":337.178,"end":337.195},{"text":"formidable","start":337.195,"end":337.91},{"text":"opportunity","start":337.91,"end":338.478},{"text":"for","start":338.478,"end":338.641},{"text":"growth","start":338.641,"end":338.868},{"text":"and","start":338.982,"end":339.128},{"text":"economic","start":339.128,"end":339.47},{"text":"transformation.","start":339.47,"end":340.087}]},{"text":"However, we also know that in contexts of fragility or conflict, these very resources can feed the economies of war.","start":340.83,"end":351.814,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":340.83,"end":341.091},{"text":"we","start":341.353,"end":341.516},{"text":"also","start":341.516,"end":341.843},{"text":"know","start":341.843,"end":342.17},{"text":"that","start":342.661,"end":342.988},{"text":"in","start":343.069,"end":343.2},{"text":"contexts","start":343.233,"end":343.74},{"text":"of","start":343.821,"end":343.887},{"text":"fragility","start":343.887,"end":344.475},{"text":"or","start":344.688,"end":344.77},{"text":"conflict,","start":344.786,"end":345.522},{"text":"these","start":348.11,"end":348.158},{"text":"very","start":348.207,"end":348.433},{"text":"resources","start":348.465,"end":348.999},{"text":"can","start":349.339,"end":349.485},{"text":"feed","start":349.517,"end":350.164},{"text":"the","start":350.714,"end":350.811},{"text":"economies","start":350.811,"end":351.264},{"text":"of","start":351.361,"end":351.539},{"text":"war.","start":351.539,"end":351.814}]},{"text":"And what's at stake is not only the direct financing of armed groups through the sale of minerals, it's a broader political economy where control over extraction sites, trade corridors, tax systems, and financial flows enable violence to be supported to consolidate territorial control and sometimes to replace the authority of a state with a parallel authority.","start":352.494,"end":377.505,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":352.494,"end":352.898},{"text":"what's","start":352.995,"end":353.238},{"text":"at","start":353.238,"end":353.303},{"text":"stake","start":353.303,"end":353.707},{"text":"is","start":353.707,"end":353.821},{"text":"not","start":353.869,"end":354.047},{"text":"only","start":354.112,"end":354.338},{"text":"the","start":354.371,"end":354.452},{"text":"direct","start":354.452,"end":354.791},{"text":"financing","start":354.791,"end":355.552},{"text":"of","start":355.811,"end":356.053},{"text":"armed","start":356.053,"end":356.296},{"text":"groups","start":356.296,"end":356.619},{"text":"through","start":356.619,"end":356.717},{"text":"the","start":356.797,"end":356.878},{"text":"sale","start":356.878,"end":357.121},{"text":"of","start":357.121,"end":357.17},{"text":"minerals,","start":357.17,"end":357.5},{"text":"it's","start":357.781,"end":358.03},{"text":"a","start":358.178,"end":358.195},{"text":"broader","start":358.923,"end":359.353},{"text":"political","start":359.353,"end":359.783},{"text":"economy","start":359.783,"end":360.229},{"text":"where","start":360.562,"end":360.982},{"text":"control","start":361.288,"end":361.644},{"text":"over","start":361.757,"end":361.999},{"text":"extraction","start":362.015,"end":362.564},{"text":"sites,","start":362.564,"end":363.065},{"text":"trade","start":363.21,"end":363.468},{"text":"corridors,","start":363.468,"end":364.001},{"text":"tax","start":364.437,"end":364.76},{"text":"systems,","start":364.76,"end":365.293},{"text":"and","start":365.648,"end":365.761},{"text":"financial","start":365.793,"end":366.358},{"text":"flows","start":366.358,"end":366.665},{"text":"enable","start":367.263,"end":367.65},{"text":"violence","start":367.747,"end":368.28},{"text":"to","start":368.393,"end":368.474},{"text":"be","start":368.474,"end":368.571},{"text":"supported","start":368.571,"end":369.168},{"text":"to","start":369.604,"end":369.83},{"text":"consolidate","start":369.83,"end":370.671},{"text":"territorial","start":371.398,"end":372.092},{"text":"control","start":372.092,"end":372.464},{"text":"and","start":372.819,"end":372.981},{"text":"sometimes","start":372.981,"end":373.498},{"text":"to","start":373.563,"end":373.821},{"text":"replace","start":374.435,"end":374.887},{"text":"the","start":375.905,"end":376.051},{"text":"authority","start":376.051,"end":376.406},{"text":"of","start":376.406,"end":376.471},{"text":"a","start":376.471,"end":376.487},{"text":"state","start":376.487,"end":376.713},{"text":"with","start":376.713,"end":376.81},{"text":"a","start":376.81,"end":376.875},{"text":"parallel","start":376.875,"end":377.279},{"text":"authority.","start":377.279,"end":377.505}]},{"text":"This is a recurring problem of peace and security, and it is seen in several situations on the Council's agenda.","start":380.29,"end":386.205,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":380.29,"end":380.517},{"text":"is","start":380.517,"end":380.663},{"text":"a","start":380.68,"end":380.696},{"text":"recurring","start":380.696,"end":381.151},{"text":"problem","start":381.248,"end":381.622},{"text":"of","start":381.817,"end":381.882},{"text":"peace","start":381.915,"end":382.158},{"text":"and","start":382.158,"end":382.24},{"text":"security,","start":382.24,"end":382.662},{"text":"and","start":382.711,"end":382.776},{"text":"it","start":382.792,"end":382.955},{"text":"is","start":382.955,"end":383.02},{"text":"seen","start":383.052,"end":383.296},{"text":"in","start":383.296,"end":383.41},{"text":"several","start":383.458,"end":383.832},{"text":"situations","start":384.433,"end":385.132},{"text":"on","start":385.311,"end":385.376},{"text":"the","start":385.408,"end":385.555},{"text":"Council's","start":385.555,"end":385.961},{"text":"agenda.","start":385.961,"end":386.205}]},{"text":"And cover different resources like timber, charcoal, oil, critical minerals, and others.","start":387.257,"end":396.301,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":387.257,"end":387.513},{"text":"cover","start":387.594,"end":388.075},{"text":"different","start":388.091,"end":388.716},{"text":"resources","start":388.716,"end":389.165},{"text":"like","start":389.181,"end":389.694},{"text":"timber,","start":390.624,"end":391.009},{"text":"charcoal,","start":392.228,"end":392.773},{"text":"oil,","start":393.831,"end":394.04},{"text":"critical","start":395.05,"end":395.435},{"text":"minerals,","start":395.435,"end":395.852},{"text":"and","start":395.916,"end":396.012},{"text":"others.","start":396.012,"end":396.301}]},{"text":"This is not new.","start":396.733,"end":397.471,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":396.733,"end":396.862},{"text":"is","start":396.91,"end":397.022},{"text":"not","start":397.054,"end":397.182},{"text":"new.","start":397.295,"end":397.471}]},{"text":"There was a meeting on the 16th of October 2018 on the initiative of Bolivia on natural resources as a root cause of conflict.","start":397.776,"end":405.072,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":397.776,"end":397.92},{"text":"was","start":397.92,"end":398.016},{"text":"a","start":398.096,"end":398.273},{"text":"meeting","start":399.443,"end":399.716},{"text":"on","start":399.78,"end":399.908},{"text":"the","start":399.94,"end":400.021},{"text":"16th","start":400.021,"end":400.582},{"text":"of","start":400.582,"end":400.678},{"text":"October","start":400.678,"end":400.999},{"text":"2018","start":400.999,"end":401.688},{"text":"on","start":401.688,"end":401.752},{"text":"the","start":401.784,"end":401.865},{"text":"initiative","start":401.865,"end":402.201},{"text":"of","start":402.201,"end":402.314},{"text":"Bolivia","start":402.33,"end":402.666},{"text":"on","start":402.666,"end":402.714},{"text":"natural","start":402.747,"end":403.035},{"text":"resources","start":403.051,"end":403.516},{"text":"as","start":403.612,"end":403.773},{"text":"a","start":403.773,"end":403.949},{"text":"root","start":404.029,"end":404.254},{"text":"cause","start":404.254,"end":404.446},{"text":"of","start":404.446,"end":404.574},{"text":"conflict.","start":404.574,"end":405.072}]},{"text":"The exchanges then emphasized the close link between the exploitation of natural resources, the financing of armed groups, and the weakening of state institutions, as well as the importance of responsible governance and enhanced international cooperation.","start":406.114,"end":421.567,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":406.114,"end":406.178},{"text":"exchanges","start":406.178,"end":406.803},{"text":"then","start":406.835,"end":407.124},{"text":"emphasized","start":407.701,"end":408.407},{"text":"the","start":408.439,"end":408.695},{"text":"close","start":408.824,"end":409.144},{"text":"link","start":409.144,"end":409.401},{"text":"between","start":409.401,"end":409.69},{"text":"the","start":409.722,"end":409.866},{"text":"exploitation","start":409.882,"end":410.475},{"text":"of","start":410.507,"end":410.555},{"text":"natural","start":410.604,"end":410.876},{"text":"resources,","start":410.876,"end":411.373},{"text":"the","start":411.71,"end":411.79},{"text":"financing","start":411.79,"end":412.255},{"text":"of","start":412.287,"end":412.432},{"text":"armed","start":412.432,"end":412.544},{"text":"groups,","start":412.608,"end":413.009},{"text":"and","start":413.153,"end":413.249},{"text":"the","start":413.249,"end":413.329},{"text":"weakening","start":413.329,"end":413.698},{"text":"of","start":414.035,"end":414.099},{"text":"state","start":414.26,"end":414.533},{"text":"institutions,","start":414.533,"end":415.271},{"text":"as","start":415.657,"end":415.705},{"text":"well","start":415.737,"end":415.866},{"text":"as","start":416.203,"end":416.347},{"text":"the","start":416.556,"end":416.701},{"text":"importance","start":416.701,"end":417.199},{"text":"of","start":417.199,"end":417.327},{"text":"responsible","start":417.327,"end":418.05},{"text":"governance","start":418.13,"end":418.596},{"text":"and","start":419.254,"end":419.511},{"text":"enhanced","start":419.913,"end":420.475},{"text":"international","start":420.475,"end":420.941},{"text":"cooperation.","start":421.021,"end":421.567}]},{"text":"Since then, significant progress has been made.","start":421.68,"end":424.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":421.68,"end":422.001},{"text":"then,","start":422.001,"end":422.21},{"text":"significant","start":422.579,"end":423.125},{"text":"progress","start":423.125,"end":423.607},{"text":"has","start":423.607,"end":423.816},{"text":"been","start":423.912,"end":424.073},{"text":"made.","start":424.089,"end":424.49}]},{"text":"The Security Council has developed tools, sanctions regimes, expert groups, targeted measures, while the international community has adopted complementary instruments— the Kimberley Process, the guidelines of the OECD on due diligence duties, traceability mechanisms and different national and regional regulations.","start":424.908,"end":445.174,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":424.908,"end":425.004},{"text":"Security","start":425.036,"end":425.534},{"text":"Council","start":425.534,"end":425.968},{"text":"has","start":426.321,"end":426.466},{"text":"developed","start":426.498,"end":427.156},{"text":"tools,","start":427.478,"end":427.911},{"text":"sanctions","start":428.281,"end":428.795},{"text":"regimes,","start":428.811,"end":429.309},{"text":"expert","start":429.453,"end":429.855},{"text":"groups,","start":429.871,"end":430.16},{"text":"targeted","start":430.176,"end":430.658},{"text":"measures,","start":430.658,"end":430.963},{"text":"while","start":431.14,"end":431.236},{"text":"the","start":431.236,"end":431.332},{"text":"international","start":431.332,"end":431.862},{"text":"community","start":431.862,"end":432.408},{"text":"has","start":433.067,"end":433.372},{"text":"adopted","start":433.404,"end":433.806},{"text":"complementary","start":433.806,"end":434.448},{"text":"instruments—","start":434.448,"end":435.075},{"text":"the","start":435.075,"end":435.251},{"text":"Kimberley","start":435.251,"end":435.701},{"text":"Process,","start":435.717,"end":436.167},{"text":"the","start":436.922,"end":436.986},{"text":"guidelines","start":437.018,"end":437.58},{"text":"of","start":437.58,"end":437.66},{"text":"the","start":437.66,"end":437.805},{"text":"OECD","start":437.805,"end":438.399},{"text":"on","start":438.929,"end":439.074},{"text":"due","start":439.347,"end":439.588},{"text":"diligence","start":439.588,"end":440.053},{"text":"duties,","start":440.053,"end":440.439},{"text":"traceability","start":441.087,"end":441.683},{"text":"mechanisms","start":441.683,"end":442.246},{"text":"and","start":442.294,"end":442.391},{"text":"different","start":442.391,"end":442.841},{"text":"national","start":442.938,"end":443.468},{"text":"and","start":443.501,"end":443.597},{"text":"regional","start":443.597,"end":443.983},{"text":"regulations.","start":444.482,"end":445.174}]},{"text":"This progress is real and deserves to be applauded.","start":445.351,"end":448.102,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":445.351,"end":445.415},{"text":"progress","start":445.512,"end":445.946},{"text":"is","start":445.946,"end":446.027},{"text":"real","start":446.091,"end":446.3},{"text":"and","start":446.799,"end":446.976},{"text":"deserves","start":446.976,"end":447.346},{"text":"to","start":447.378,"end":447.458},{"text":"be","start":447.458,"end":447.523},{"text":"applauded.","start":447.555,"end":448.102}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, this leads us to a more fundamental question.","start":448.408,"end":452.419,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless,","start":448.408,"end":449.067},{"text":"this","start":449.695,"end":449.823},{"text":"leads","start":450.278,"end":450.586},{"text":"us","start":450.667,"end":450.716},{"text":"to","start":450.829,"end":451.105},{"text":"a","start":451.17,"end":451.186},{"text":"more","start":451.219,"end":451.397},{"text":"fundamental","start":451.397,"end":451.933},{"text":"question.","start":451.981,"end":452.419}]},{"text":"Our collective action remains largely guided towards the management of conflicts through fragmented responses that are unique to each situation.","start":452.89,"end":461.768,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":452.89,"end":453.02},{"text":"collective","start":453.02,"end":453.458},{"text":"action","start":453.506,"end":453.815},{"text":"remains","start":453.912,"end":454.301},{"text":"largely","start":454.642,"end":455.113},{"text":"guided","start":455.129,"end":455.599},{"text":"towards","start":456.733,"end":457.124},{"text":"the","start":457.32,"end":457.385},{"text":"management","start":457.385,"end":457.76},{"text":"of","start":457.809,"end":457.857},{"text":"conflicts","start":457.89,"end":458.379},{"text":"through","start":458.379,"end":458.542},{"text":"fragmented","start":458.542,"end":459.357},{"text":"responses","start":459.357,"end":459.976},{"text":"that","start":460.399,"end":460.497},{"text":"are","start":460.562,"end":460.644},{"text":"unique","start":460.644,"end":460.904},{"text":"to","start":460.904,"end":461.035},{"text":"each","start":461.067,"end":461.181},{"text":"situation.","start":461.214,"end":461.768}]},{"text":"We must look at responsible governance of natural resources and how that can also contribute to preventing these conflicts because preventing conflicts also involves rooting out the economic conditions that feed them.","start":463.06,"end":480.551,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":463.06,"end":463.699},{"text":"must","start":463.733,"end":463.992},{"text":"look","start":466.436,"end":466.693},{"text":"at","start":466.693,"end":466.87},{"text":"responsible","start":466.934,"end":467.481},{"text":"governance","start":467.481,"end":467.979},{"text":"of","start":467.979,"end":468.06},{"text":"natural","start":468.06,"end":468.285},{"text":"resources","start":468.301,"end":468.832},{"text":"and","start":468.848,"end":468.928},{"text":"how","start":468.928,"end":469.041},{"text":"that","start":469.169,"end":469.298},{"text":"can","start":469.362,"end":469.555},{"text":"also","start":469.571,"end":469.828},{"text":"contribute","start":469.828,"end":470.391},{"text":"to","start":470.391,"end":470.471},{"text":"preventing","start":470.471,"end":471.082},{"text":"these","start":471.115,"end":471.243},{"text":"conflicts","start":471.34,"end":471.726},{"text":"because","start":471.758,"end":472.047},{"text":"preventing","start":472.079,"end":472.61},{"text":"conflicts","start":472.642,"end":473.173},{"text":"also","start":474.153,"end":474.587},{"text":"involves","start":475.218,"end":475.832},{"text":"rooting","start":478.45,"end":478.741},{"text":"out","start":478.838,"end":478.886},{"text":"the","start":478.999,"end":479.161},{"text":"economic","start":479.161,"end":479.484},{"text":"conditions","start":479.484,"end":479.953},{"text":"that","start":479.969,"end":480.066},{"text":"feed","start":480.066,"end":480.276},{"text":"them.","start":480.325,"end":480.551}]},{"text":"Excellencies, this is guided by a cardinal principle, the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources.","start":481.359,"end":486.525,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":481.359,"end":481.812},{"text":"this","start":481.828,"end":481.892},{"text":"is","start":481.989,"end":482.054},{"text":"guided","start":482.07,"end":482.377},{"text":"by","start":482.41,"end":482.523},{"text":"a","start":482.668,"end":482.733},{"text":"cardinal","start":482.733,"end":483.121},{"text":"principle,","start":483.121,"end":483.557},{"text":"the","start":484.02,"end":484.197},{"text":"permanent","start":484.197,"end":484.521},{"text":"sovereignty","start":484.537,"end":485.103},{"text":"of","start":485.103,"end":485.183},{"text":"states","start":485.183,"end":485.507},{"text":"over","start":485.507,"end":485.604},{"text":"their","start":485.604,"end":485.701},{"text":"natural","start":485.701,"end":485.992},{"text":"resources.","start":485.992,"end":486.525}]},{"text":"The idea here is therefore not to create new international obligations.","start":486.897,"end":490.082,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":486.897,"end":487.01},{"text":"idea","start":487.026,"end":487.35},{"text":"here","start":487.35,"end":487.528},{"text":"is","start":487.528,"end":487.657},{"text":"therefore","start":487.689,"end":487.964},{"text":"not","start":488.013,"end":488.126},{"text":"to","start":488.174,"end":488.304},{"text":"create","start":488.32,"end":488.659},{"text":"new","start":488.659,"end":488.886},{"text":"international","start":488.902,"end":489.403},{"text":"obligations.","start":489.403,"end":490.082}]},{"text":"It is not a a global mining code or a uniform economic model or a supranational authority.","start":490.357,"end":497.306,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":490.357,"end":490.502},{"text":"is","start":490.502,"end":490.567},{"text":"not","start":490.858,"end":491.294},{"text":"a","start":491.391,"end":491.569},{"text":"a","start":492.202,"end":492.25},{"text":"global","start":492.427,"end":492.716},{"text":"mining","start":492.748,"end":493.053},{"text":"code","start":493.085,"end":493.534},{"text":"or","start":493.631,"end":493.663},{"text":"a","start":493.663,"end":493.807},{"text":"uniform","start":493.872,"end":494.337},{"text":"economic","start":494.449,"end":494.835},{"text":"model","start":494.835,"end":495.123},{"text":"or","start":495.557,"end":495.605},{"text":"a","start":495.637,"end":495.653},{"text":"supranational","start":496.07,"end":496.744},{"text":"authority.","start":496.777,"end":497.306}]},{"text":"The idea here is not to question existing mechanisms.","start":498.061,"end":502.651,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":498.061,"end":498.125},{"text":"idea","start":498.141,"end":498.414},{"text":"here","start":498.462,"end":498.638},{"text":"is","start":498.638,"end":498.751},{"text":"not","start":498.847,"end":499.28},{"text":"to","start":499.569,"end":499.842},{"text":"question","start":501.174,"end":501.608},{"text":"existing","start":501.608,"end":502.041},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":502.073,"end":502.651}]},{"text":"The idea is to determine how international cooperation can help states to more effectively exercise their sovereignty where armed actors or illicit networks are capturing resources, income, and even the very functions of the state.","start":502.699,"end":517.433,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":502.699,"end":502.763},{"text":"idea","start":502.779,"end":503.261},{"text":"is","start":503.293,"end":503.405},{"text":"to","start":503.421,"end":503.518},{"text":"determine","start":503.518,"end":503.935},{"text":"how","start":503.999,"end":504.176},{"text":"international","start":504.4,"end":504.946},{"text":"cooperation","start":504.946,"end":505.588},{"text":"can","start":505.588,"end":505.668},{"text":"help","start":505.749,"end":506.005},{"text":"states","start":506.005,"end":506.487},{"text":"to","start":506.487,"end":506.808},{"text":"more","start":507.129,"end":507.305},{"text":"effectively","start":507.37,"end":507.979},{"text":"exercise","start":508.076,"end":508.621},{"text":"their","start":508.654,"end":508.83},{"text":"sovereignty","start":508.83,"end":509.584},{"text":"where","start":510.082,"end":510.323},{"text":"armed","start":510.403,"end":510.868},{"text":"actors","start":511.222,"end":511.591},{"text":"or","start":511.767,"end":511.96},{"text":"illicit","start":512.185,"end":512.682},{"text":"networks","start":513.003,"end":513.42},{"text":"are","start":513.469,"end":513.517},{"text":"capturing","start":513.549,"end":513.918},{"text":"resources,","start":513.95,"end":514.48},{"text":"income,","start":514.977,"end":515.427},{"text":"and","start":515.7,"end":515.844},{"text":"even","start":515.94,"end":516.085},{"text":"the","start":516.261,"end":516.374},{"text":"very","start":516.374,"end":516.663},{"text":"functions","start":516.663,"end":517.048},{"text":"of","start":517.08,"end":517.144},{"text":"the","start":517.144,"end":517.224},{"text":"state.","start":517.224,"end":517.433}]},{"text":"Because when we see this capture, it is the sovereignty of states itself that is jeopardized.","start":517.61,"end":523.375,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":517.61,"end":517.804},{"text":"when","start":517.869,"end":517.982},{"text":"we","start":518.047,"end":518.128},{"text":"see","start":518.144,"end":518.452},{"text":"this","start":518.452,"end":518.581},{"text":"capture,","start":518.678,"end":519.164},{"text":"it","start":519.488,"end":519.65},{"text":"is","start":519.65,"end":519.715},{"text":"the","start":519.925,"end":520.022},{"text":"sovereignty","start":520.055,"end":520.541},{"text":"of","start":520.541,"end":520.605},{"text":"states","start":520.622,"end":520.994},{"text":"itself","start":521.771,"end":522.16},{"text":"that","start":522.16,"end":522.338},{"text":"is","start":522.338,"end":522.387},{"text":"jeopardized.","start":522.743,"end":523.375}]},{"text":"This doesn't only concern the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":523.75,"end":526.667,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":523.75,"end":523.83},{"text":"doesn't","start":523.83,"end":524.088},{"text":"only","start":524.104,"end":524.314},{"text":"concern","start":524.346,"end":524.878},{"text":"the","start":524.975,"end":525.152},{"text":"Democratic","start":525.152,"end":525.7},{"text":"Republic","start":525.7,"end":526.039},{"text":"of","start":526.039,"end":526.119},{"text":"the","start":526.119,"end":526.2},{"text":"Congo.","start":526.2,"end":526.667}]},{"text":"Our country is seeing a particularly well-documented manifestation of it, but this is just one illustration.","start":526.99,"end":531.729,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":526.99,"end":527.07},{"text":"country","start":527.07,"end":527.457},{"text":"is","start":527.812,"end":527.86},{"text":"seeing","start":527.892,"end":528.183},{"text":"a","start":528.295,"end":528.328},{"text":"particularly","start":528.376,"end":528.827},{"text":"well-documented","start":528.86,"end":529.714},{"text":"manifestation","start":529.73,"end":530.359},{"text":"of","start":530.455,"end":530.552},{"text":"it,","start":530.552,"end":530.633},{"text":"but","start":530.697,"end":530.762},{"text":"this","start":530.778,"end":530.939},{"text":"is","start":530.939,"end":531.004},{"text":"just","start":531.036,"end":531.213},{"text":"one","start":531.278,"end":531.407},{"text":"illustration.","start":531.439,"end":531.729}]},{"text":"It is not targeted against any state, region, or particular situation.","start":534.028,"end":537.728,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":534.028,"end":534.19},{"text":"is","start":534.19,"end":534.239},{"text":"not","start":534.352,"end":534.661},{"text":"targeted","start":534.661,"end":535.099},{"text":"against","start":535.099,"end":535.391},{"text":"any","start":535.472,"end":535.586},{"text":"state,","start":535.586,"end":536.04},{"text":"region,","start":536.121,"end":536.511},{"text":"or","start":536.69,"end":536.771},{"text":"particular","start":536.771,"end":537.128},{"text":"situation.","start":537.128,"end":537.728}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"It—","start":540.308,"end":540.389,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It—","start":540.308,"end":540.389}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"the fact is that this challenge concerns the whole of the international community and requires a response based on dialogue, respect for sovereignty, and the search for consensus.","start":540.798,"end":549.634,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":540.798,"end":540.88},{"text":"fact","start":540.88,"end":541.207},{"text":"is","start":541.207,"end":541.256},{"text":"that","start":541.436,"end":541.632},{"text":"this","start":541.845,"end":541.91},{"text":"challenge","start":542.025,"end":542.434},{"text":"concerns","start":542.434,"end":542.892},{"text":"the","start":542.924,"end":543.006},{"text":"whole","start":543.006,"end":543.186},{"text":"of","start":543.186,"end":543.252},{"text":"the","start":543.252,"end":543.333},{"text":"international","start":543.333,"end":545.639},{"text":"community","start":544.07,"end":544.559},{"text":"and","start":544.673,"end":544.755},{"text":"requires","start":544.82,"end":545.212},{"text":"a","start":545.342,"end":545.375},{"text":"response","start":545.408,"end":545.767},{"text":"based","start":545.816,"end":546.126},{"text":"on","start":546.126,"end":546.191},{"text":"dialogue,","start":546.37,"end":546.811},{"text":"respect","start":546.876,"end":547.203},{"text":"for","start":547.203,"end":547.35},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":547.35,"end":547.904},{"text":"and","start":548.492,"end":548.671},{"text":"the","start":548.818,"end":548.9},{"text":"search","start":548.9,"end":549.128},{"text":"for","start":549.161,"end":549.308},{"text":"consensus.","start":549.308,"end":549.634}]},{"text":"The Council has further adopted similar approaches for issues that are outside of its traditional remit but that link to conflicts.","start":550.45,"end":561.621,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":550.45,"end":550.482},{"text":"Council","start":550.482,"end":550.916},{"text":"has","start":551.351,"end":551.577},{"text":"further","start":551.705,"end":552.253},{"text":"adopted","start":552.816,"end":553.992},{"text":"similar","start":554.426,"end":554.99},{"text":"approaches","start":555.392,"end":556.004},{"text":"for","start":556.745,"end":557.18},{"text":"issues","start":557.244,"end":557.534},{"text":"that","start":557.63,"end":557.808},{"text":"are","start":557.872,"end":558.146},{"text":"outside","start":558.194,"end":558.468},{"text":"of","start":558.468,"end":558.516},{"text":"its","start":558.532,"end":558.613},{"text":"traditional","start":558.613,"end":558.983},{"text":"remit","start":559.176,"end":559.707},{"text":"but","start":560.126,"end":560.255},{"text":"that","start":560.383,"end":560.657},{"text":"link","start":560.689,"end":560.817},{"text":"to","start":560.866,"end":561.026},{"text":"conflicts.","start":561.026,"end":561.621}]},{"text":"It has looked at common commitments and followed up on these issues without replacing the national policies.","start":562.152,"end":569.964,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":562.152,"end":562.313},{"text":"has","start":562.313,"end":562.522},{"text":"looked","start":564.065,"end":564.242},{"text":"at","start":564.258,"end":564.322},{"text":"common","start":564.322,"end":564.612},{"text":"commitments","start":564.644,"end":565.287},{"text":"and","start":565.287,"end":565.576},{"text":"followed","start":565.834,"end":566.171},{"text":"up","start":566.171,"end":566.332},{"text":"on","start":566.332,"end":566.428},{"text":"these","start":566.477,"end":566.621},{"text":"issues","start":566.653,"end":567.023},{"text":"without","start":567.377,"end":567.682},{"text":"replacing","start":567.682,"end":568.229},{"text":"the","start":568.674,"end":568.938},{"text":"national","start":569.004,"end":569.402},{"text":"policies.","start":569.402,"end":569.964}]},{"text":"The Women Peace and Security Agenda and the Youth Peace and Security Agenda such as Resolution 2417 on conflict and hunger, these are all an example of this.","start":570.945,"end":579.79,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":570.945,"end":571.026},{"text":"Women","start":571.187,"end":571.413},{"text":"Peace","start":571.51,"end":571.639},{"text":"and","start":571.688,"end":571.752},{"text":"Security","start":571.752,"end":572.156},{"text":"Agenda","start":572.156,"end":572.64},{"text":"and","start":572.64,"end":572.705},{"text":"the","start":572.721,"end":572.801},{"text":"Youth","start":572.866,"end":573.011},{"text":"Peace","start":573.124,"end":573.366},{"text":"and","start":573.366,"end":573.463},{"text":"Security","start":573.463,"end":573.931},{"text":"Agenda","start":573.931,"end":574.27},{"text":"such","start":574.27,"end":574.464},{"text":"as","start":574.512,"end":574.625},{"text":"Resolution","start":574.641,"end":575.061},{"text":"2417","start":575.061,"end":576.417},{"text":"on","start":576.417,"end":576.514},{"text":"conflict","start":576.514,"end":577.143},{"text":"and","start":577.224,"end":577.321},{"text":"hunger,","start":577.385,"end":577.87},{"text":"these","start":578.37,"end":578.499},{"text":"are","start":578.596,"end":578.693},{"text":"all","start":578.693,"end":578.806},{"text":"an","start":579.015,"end":579.112},{"text":"example","start":579.161,"end":579.548},{"text":"of","start":579.58,"end":579.71},{"text":"this.","start":579.71,"end":579.79}]},{"text":"The idea is not to assimilate natural resources to these issues but to use the same method, a consensus-based one.","start":581.015,"end":588.639,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":581.015,"end":581.112},{"text":"idea","start":581.112,"end":581.499},{"text":"is","start":581.499,"end":581.564},{"text":"not","start":581.612,"end":581.789},{"text":"to","start":581.838,"end":582.16},{"text":"assimilate","start":582.16,"end":582.886},{"text":"natural","start":583.289,"end":583.498},{"text":"resources","start":583.53,"end":583.982},{"text":"to","start":584.014,"end":584.127},{"text":"these","start":584.175,"end":584.353},{"text":"issues","start":584.353,"end":584.627},{"text":"but","start":584.74,"end":584.853},{"text":"to","start":584.901,"end":585.223},{"text":"use","start":586.336,"end":586.739},{"text":"the","start":586.739,"end":586.819},{"text":"same","start":586.819,"end":587.029},{"text":"method,","start":587.077,"end":587.48},{"text":"a","start":587.497,"end":587.61},{"text":"consensus-based","start":587.61,"end":588.494},{"text":"one.","start":588.51,"end":588.639}]},{"text":"The legitimate— I understand all of the fears and of more documentation and the gap between rhetoric and implementation.","start":590.198,"end":603.975,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":590.198,"end":590.455},{"text":"legitimate—","start":590.536,"end":591.902},{"text":"I","start":592.851,"end":592.915},{"text":"understand","start":592.948,"end":593.51},{"text":"all","start":593.51,"end":593.623},{"text":"of","start":593.671,"end":593.8},{"text":"the","start":593.832,"end":594.089},{"text":"fears","start":594.62,"end":595.006},{"text":"and","start":595.424,"end":595.761},{"text":"of","start":596.707,"end":597.014},{"text":"more","start":598.577,"end":598.77},{"text":"documentation","start":598.818,"end":599.753},{"text":"and","start":600.092,"end":600.43},{"text":"the","start":601.059,"end":601.252},{"text":"gap","start":601.316,"end":601.51},{"text":"between","start":601.623,"end":602.718},{"text":"rhetoric","start":602.751,"end":603.17},{"text":"and","start":603.17,"end":603.234},{"text":"implementation.","start":603.234,"end":603.975}]},{"text":"I'm talking about rigor, and none of these reservations should justify leaving these issues without a response because the cost for inaction for the populations affected as well as for the credibility of our collective action is already very real.","start":604.04,"end":618.456,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":604.04,"end":604.104},{"text":"talking","start":604.137,"end":604.459},{"text":"about","start":604.459,"end":604.813},{"text":"rigor,","start":605.57,"end":605.86},{"text":"and","start":606.311,"end":606.552},{"text":"none","start":606.713,"end":606.923},{"text":"of","start":607.18,"end":607.245},{"text":"these","start":607.293,"end":607.486},{"text":"reservations","start":607.583,"end":608.162},{"text":"should","start":608.162,"end":608.388},{"text":"justify","start":608.404,"end":608.903},{"text":"leaving","start":609.434,"end":609.66},{"text":"these","start":609.772,"end":609.982},{"text":"issues","start":610.014,"end":610.304},{"text":"without","start":610.4,"end":610.738},{"text":"a","start":610.883,"end":610.899},{"text":"response","start":610.964,"end":611.543},{"text":"because","start":611.543,"end":611.753},{"text":"the","start":611.785,"end":611.865},{"text":"cost","start":611.865,"end":612.107},{"text":"for","start":612.107,"end":612.252},{"text":"inaction","start":612.252,"end":612.702},{"text":"for","start":612.815,"end":612.992},{"text":"the","start":612.992,"end":613.153},{"text":"populations","start":613.153,"end":613.636},{"text":"affected","start":613.636,"end":614.055},{"text":"as","start":614.055,"end":614.135},{"text":"well","start":614.2,"end":614.312},{"text":"as","start":614.668,"end":614.732},{"text":"for","start":614.83,"end":614.878},{"text":"the","start":614.878,"end":614.991},{"text":"credibility","start":614.991,"end":615.493},{"text":"of","start":615.493,"end":615.558},{"text":"our","start":615.558,"end":615.655},{"text":"collective","start":615.655,"end":616.19},{"text":"action","start":616.772,"end":617.242},{"text":"is","start":617.501,"end":617.566},{"text":"already","start":617.744,"end":618.003},{"text":"very","start":618.003,"end":618.294},{"text":"real.","start":618.311,"end":618.456}]},{"text":"Excellencies, today's meeting does not seek to negotiate a text nor to promote a predetermined approach.","start":618.894,"end":626.406,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":618.894,"end":619.428},{"text":"today's","start":619.444,"end":619.687},{"text":"meeting","start":619.768,"end":620.059},{"text":"does","start":620.108,"end":620.237},{"text":"not","start":620.254,"end":620.383},{"text":"seek","start":620.416,"end":620.772},{"text":"to","start":620.772,"end":620.982},{"text":"negotiate","start":620.982,"end":621.484},{"text":"a","start":621.484,"end":621.5},{"text":"text","start":621.549,"end":621.873},{"text":"nor","start":621.873,"end":622.051},{"text":"to","start":622.051,"end":622.213},{"text":"promote","start":622.213,"end":622.601},{"text":"a","start":623.006,"end":623.168},{"text":"predetermined","start":623.168,"end":623.961},{"text":"approach.","start":625.957,"end":626.406}]},{"text":"The idea is to hear from the experts, to approve the diagnostic, and to identify legitimate concerns and measure possible areas of convergence.","start":627.065,"end":637.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":627.065,"end":627.161},{"text":"idea","start":627.161,"end":627.498},{"text":"is","start":627.546,"end":627.61},{"text":"to","start":627.723,"end":627.932},{"text":"hear","start":628.028,"end":628.461},{"text":"from","start":628.622,"end":628.766},{"text":"the","start":628.782,"end":628.911},{"text":"experts,","start":628.927,"end":629.489},{"text":"to","start":629.553,"end":629.81},{"text":"approve","start":630.067,"end":630.468},{"text":"the","start":630.532,"end":630.612},{"text":"diagnostic,","start":630.612,"end":631.608},{"text":"and","start":632.041,"end":632.298},{"text":"to","start":632.298,"end":632.587},{"text":"identify","start":632.619,"end":633.085},{"text":"legitimate","start":633.085,"end":633.582},{"text":"concerns","start":633.582,"end":634.112},{"text":"and","start":634.16,"end":634.273},{"text":"measure","start":634.369,"end":634.835},{"text":"possible","start":635.107,"end":635.573},{"text":"areas","start":635.974,"end":636.199},{"text":"of","start":636.247,"end":636.36},{"text":"convergence.","start":636.392,"end":637.05}]},{"text":"This is the first step in a coherent sequence of diplomacy.","start":637.114,"end":641.577,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":637.114,"end":637.243},{"text":"is","start":637.291,"end":637.403},{"text":"the","start":637.435,"end":637.516},{"text":"first","start":637.516,"end":637.901},{"text":"step","start":637.901,"end":638.254},{"text":"in","start":638.623,"end":638.768},{"text":"a","start":638.88,"end":639.041},{"text":"coherent","start":639.041,"end":640.1},{"text":"sequence","start":640.405,"end":640.823},{"text":"of","start":640.823,"end":640.903},{"text":"diplomacy.","start":640.903,"end":641.577}]},{"text":"Our exchanges will feed high-level public debates that we will see presided over on the 20th by His Excellency the President of the DRC, who seeks to bring this to the highest political level and engage in a consultation process that will continue beyond the Congolese presidency.","start":641.946,"end":663.178,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":641.946,"end":642.027},{"text":"exchanges","start":642.027,"end":642.54},{"text":"will","start":642.572,"end":642.701},{"text":"feed","start":642.733,"end":643.102},{"text":"high-level","start":643.134,"end":643.6},{"text":"public","start":643.6,"end":643.921},{"text":"debates","start":643.921,"end":644.419},{"text":"that","start":644.98,"end":645.237},{"text":"we","start":645.863,"end":646.008},{"text":"will","start":646.008,"end":646.072},{"text":"see","start":646.104,"end":646.441},{"text":"presided","start":647.453,"end":647.95},{"text":"over","start":647.95,"end":648.159},{"text":"on","start":648.175,"end":648.239},{"text":"the","start":648.271,"end":648.352},{"text":"20th","start":648.352,"end":649.556},{"text":"by","start":649.716,"end":649.957},{"text":"His","start":650.118,"end":650.278},{"text":"Excellency","start":650.278,"end":650.663},{"text":"the","start":650.679,"end":650.76},{"text":"President","start":650.76,"end":651.354},{"text":"of","start":651.946,"end":652.059},{"text":"the","start":652.059,"end":652.299},{"text":"DRC,","start":652.363,"end":652.924},{"text":"who","start":653.549,"end":653.741},{"text":"seeks","start":653.741,"end":654.125},{"text":"to","start":654.125,"end":654.398},{"text":"bring","start":654.446,"end":654.574},{"text":"this","start":654.686,"end":654.878},{"text":"to","start":655.007,"end":655.167},{"text":"the","start":655.167,"end":655.375},{"text":"highest","start":655.391,"end":655.712},{"text":"political","start":655.712,"end":656.128},{"text":"level","start":656.128,"end":656.417},{"text":"and","start":656.913,"end":657.089},{"text":"engage","start":657.154,"end":657.458},{"text":"in","start":657.506,"end":657.586},{"text":"a","start":657.586,"end":657.65},{"text":"consultation","start":657.65,"end":658.387},{"text":"process","start":658.435,"end":658.884},{"text":"that","start":660.198,"end":660.39},{"text":"will","start":660.598,"end":660.726},{"text":"continue","start":660.855,"end":661.496},{"text":"beyond","start":661.736,"end":662.104},{"text":"the","start":662.12,"end":662.2},{"text":"Congolese","start":662.2,"end":662.585},{"text":"presidency.","start":662.601,"end":663.178}]},{"text":"It is in light of these consultations that the Council will be able to appreciate the usefulness, the scope, and the form that a subsequent step will take.","start":663.242,"end":673.272,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":663.242,"end":663.418},{"text":"is","start":663.418,"end":663.562},{"text":"in","start":663.562,"end":663.642},{"text":"light","start":663.658,"end":663.899},{"text":"of","start":663.899,"end":663.979},{"text":"these","start":663.979,"end":664.748},{"text":"consultations","start":664.78,"end":665.421},{"text":"that","start":665.421,"end":665.501},{"text":"the","start":665.501,"end":665.597},{"text":"Council","start":665.597,"end":666.014},{"text":"will","start":666.863,"end":666.975},{"text":"be","start":667.023,"end":667.087},{"text":"able","start":667.087,"end":667.247},{"text":"to","start":667.263,"end":667.344},{"text":"appreciate","start":667.344,"end":667.824},{"text":"the","start":667.824,"end":667.888},{"text":"usefulness,","start":667.904,"end":668.497},{"text":"the","start":668.866,"end":668.962},{"text":"scope,","start":668.962,"end":669.362},{"text":"and","start":669.426,"end":669.603},{"text":"the","start":669.603,"end":669.843},{"text":"form","start":670.244,"end":670.596},{"text":"that","start":670.628,"end":670.804},{"text":"a","start":670.932,"end":671.109},{"text":"subsequent","start":671.846,"end":672.326},{"text":"step","start":672.326,"end":672.631},{"text":"will","start":672.631,"end":672.775},{"text":"take.","start":672.791,"end":673.272}]},{"text":"Multilateral fora have always been built in this way.","start":674.137,"end":676.764,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Multilateral","start":674.137,"end":674.714},{"text":"fora","start":674.714,"end":675.018},{"text":"have","start":675.018,"end":675.178},{"text":"always","start":675.178,"end":675.403},{"text":"been","start":675.515,"end":675.643},{"text":"built","start":675.675,"end":675.915},{"text":"in","start":675.915,"end":675.963},{"text":"this","start":675.995,"end":676.108},{"text":"way.","start":676.636,"end":676.764}]},{"text":"They begin with an idea.","start":676.957,"end":678.078,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":676.957,"end":677.197},{"text":"begin","start":677.277,"end":677.517},{"text":"with","start":677.517,"end":677.614},{"text":"an","start":677.614,"end":677.742},{"text":"idea.","start":677.742,"end":678.078}]},{"text":"They are fed by the experience of states.","start":678.158,"end":680.257,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":678.158,"end":678.238},{"text":"are","start":678.543,"end":678.639},{"text":"fed","start":678.639,"end":679.024},{"text":"by","start":679.024,"end":679.2},{"text":"the","start":679.2,"end":679.264},{"text":"experience","start":679.264,"end":679.761},{"text":"of","start":679.761,"end":679.825},{"text":"states.","start":679.825,"end":680.257}]},{"text":"And then progressively work towards more structured frameworks.","start":680.562,"end":685.899,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":680.562,"end":680.706},{"text":"then","start":680.706,"end":680.978},{"text":"progressively","start":682.165,"end":682.742},{"text":"work","start":682.79,"end":683.11},{"text":"towards","start":683.11,"end":683.495},{"text":"more","start":684.633,"end":684.745},{"text":"structured","start":684.745,"end":685.37},{"text":"frameworks.","start":685.37,"end":685.899}]},{"text":"And this is precisely how the DRC wishes to contribute today.","start":685.995,"end":690.115,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":685.995,"end":686.092},{"text":"this","start":686.092,"end":686.204},{"text":"is","start":686.268,"end":686.38},{"text":"precisely","start":686.412,"end":686.941},{"text":"how","start":686.957,"end":687.165},{"text":"the","start":687.214,"end":687.294},{"text":"DRC","start":687.294,"end":687.775},{"text":"wishes","start":687.775,"end":688.464},{"text":"to","start":688.56,"end":688.816},{"text":"contribute","start":689.281,"end":689.778},{"text":"today.","start":689.778,"end":690.115}]},{"text":"Excellencies, our discussions will be guided by 3 questions.","start":690.419,"end":693.561,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":690.419,"end":690.948},{"text":"our","start":690.996,"end":691.06},{"text":"discussions","start":691.076,"end":691.589},{"text":"will","start":691.605,"end":691.67},{"text":"be","start":691.766,"end":691.862},{"text":"guided","start":691.862,"end":692.182},{"text":"by","start":692.182,"end":692.423},{"text":"3","start":692.423,"end":692.775},{"text":"questions.","start":693.048,"end":693.561}]},{"text":"First of all, what lessons can we learn from the experience we have at the Security Council and with existing international mechanisms, and what are the main loopholes in an approach that is still largely fragmented?","start":693.625,"end":706.704,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":693.625,"end":693.865},{"text":"of","start":693.865,"end":694.01},{"text":"all,","start":694.01,"end":694.042},{"text":"what","start":694.17,"end":694.298},{"text":"lessons","start":694.426,"end":694.955},{"text":"can","start":695.228,"end":695.388},{"text":"we","start":695.388,"end":695.532},{"text":"learn","start":695.613,"end":695.837},{"text":"from","start":696.174,"end":696.318},{"text":"the","start":696.43,"end":696.622},{"text":"experience","start":697.953,"end":698.418},{"text":"we","start":698.418,"end":698.514},{"text":"have","start":698.514,"end":698.658},{"text":"at","start":698.658,"end":698.706},{"text":"the","start":698.706,"end":698.77},{"text":"Security","start":698.77,"end":699.155},{"text":"Council","start":699.155,"end":699.62},{"text":"and","start":699.636,"end":699.748},{"text":"with","start":699.78,"end":700.02},{"text":"existing","start":700.036,"end":700.934},{"text":"international","start":700.934,"end":701.367},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":701.367,"end":701.928},{"text":"and","start":701.976,"end":702.04},{"text":"what","start":702.04,"end":702.361},{"text":"are","start":702.425,"end":702.585},{"text":"the","start":702.585,"end":702.681},{"text":"main","start":702.681,"end":702.873},{"text":"loopholes","start":703.002,"end":703.611},{"text":"in","start":704.204,"end":704.268},{"text":"an","start":704.685,"end":704.765},{"text":"approach","start":704.765,"end":705.134},{"text":"that","start":705.23,"end":705.342},{"text":"is","start":705.406,"end":705.438},{"text":"still","start":705.438,"end":705.711},{"text":"largely","start":705.711,"end":706.015},{"text":"fragmented?","start":706.047,"end":706.704}]},{"text":"Second, what added value can a more coherent framework bring without compromising the sovereignty of states or creating new stumbling blocks for legitimate producers?","start":706.768,"end":717.815,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":706.768,"end":707.249},{"text":"what","start":707.313,"end":707.442},{"text":"added","start":707.554,"end":707.778},{"text":"value","start":707.81,"end":708.211},{"text":"can","start":708.692,"end":708.901},{"text":"a","start":709.158,"end":709.254},{"text":"more","start":709.254,"end":709.56},{"text":"coherent","start":709.56,"end":710.041},{"text":"framework","start":710.041,"end":710.941},{"text":"bring","start":711.005,"end":711.23},{"text":"without","start":711.888,"end":712.499},{"text":"compromising","start":712.852,"end":713.446},{"text":"the","start":713.446,"end":713.527},{"text":"sovereignty","start":713.527,"end":713.912},{"text":"of","start":713.912,"end":713.992},{"text":"states","start":713.992,"end":714.362},{"text":"or","start":714.458,"end":714.554},{"text":"creating","start":714.554,"end":715.004},{"text":"new","start":715.036,"end":715.197},{"text":"stumbling","start":715.197,"end":715.647},{"text":"blocks","start":715.823,"end":716.321},{"text":"for","start":716.321,"end":716.498},{"text":"legitimate","start":716.498,"end":717.092},{"text":"producers?","start":717.269,"end":717.815}]},{"text":"And thirdly, how to articulate financing to prevent conflicts, traceability, access to markets, and the economic transformation of producing countries and harness this to build a sustainable and inclusive economy?","start":718.168,"end":732.671,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":718.168,"end":718.297},{"text":"thirdly,","start":718.329,"end":718.827},{"text":"how","start":719.116,"end":719.244},{"text":"to","start":719.292,"end":719.501},{"text":"articulate","start":719.598,"end":720.272},{"text":"financing","start":721.364,"end":721.91},{"text":"to","start":722.489,"end":722.553},{"text":"prevent","start":722.649,"end":722.97},{"text":"conflicts,","start":722.97,"end":723.388},{"text":"traceability,","start":723.404,"end":724.159},{"text":"access","start":724.657,"end":724.978},{"text":"to","start":724.978,"end":725.074},{"text":"markets,","start":725.074,"end":725.556},{"text":"and","start":725.621,"end":725.717},{"text":"the","start":725.717,"end":725.861},{"text":"economic","start":725.877,"end":726.199},{"text":"transformation","start":726.199,"end":726.777},{"text":"of","start":726.777,"end":726.905},{"text":"producing","start":726.905,"end":727.291},{"text":"countries","start":727.323,"end":727.853},{"text":"and","start":728.271,"end":728.335},{"text":"harness","start":728.351,"end":728.64},{"text":"this","start":728.768,"end":729.041},{"text":"to","start":729.074,"end":729.331},{"text":"build","start":730.375,"end":730.664},{"text":"a","start":730.84,"end":731.017},{"text":"sustainable","start":731.162,"end":731.74},{"text":"and","start":731.74,"end":731.82},{"text":"inclusive","start":731.82,"end":732.238},{"text":"economy?","start":732.238,"end":732.671}]},{"text":"The DRC is convinced that answers can only come out of open dialogue, mutual listening, and a common willingness to build solutions that are tailored to the realities and aspirations of all member states.","start":733.266,"end":746.088,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":733.266,"end":733.346},{"text":"DRC","start":733.346,"end":733.908},{"text":"is","start":734.149,"end":734.229},{"text":"convinced","start":734.229,"end":734.888},{"text":"that","start":734.952,"end":735.545},{"text":"answers","start":736.218,"end":736.554},{"text":"can","start":736.554,"end":736.762},{"text":"only","start":736.859,"end":737.019},{"text":"come","start":737.019,"end":737.163},{"text":"out","start":737.259,"end":737.435},{"text":"of","start":737.435,"end":737.564},{"text":"open","start":738.221,"end":738.541},{"text":"dialogue,","start":738.541,"end":738.942},{"text":"mutual","start":738.974,"end":739.326},{"text":"listening,","start":739.358,"end":739.727},{"text":"and","start":739.839,"end":739.983},{"text":"a","start":739.983,"end":739.999},{"text":"common","start":740.224,"end":740.432},{"text":"willingness","start":740.48,"end":740.913},{"text":"to","start":741.025,"end":741.249},{"text":"build","start":741.265,"end":741.522},{"text":"solutions","start":741.522,"end":742.05},{"text":"that","start":742.082,"end":742.259},{"text":"are","start":742.259,"end":742.403},{"text":"tailored","start":742.403,"end":742.787},{"text":"to","start":743.124,"end":743.38},{"text":"the","start":743.444,"end":743.685},{"text":"realities","start":743.685,"end":744.246},{"text":"and","start":744.246,"end":744.39},{"text":"aspirations","start":744.39,"end":745.015},{"text":"of","start":745.047,"end":745.127},{"text":"all","start":745.127,"end":745.175},{"text":"member","start":745.287,"end":745.608},{"text":"states.","start":745.608,"end":746.088}]},{"text":"We are not simply inviting you just to participate in a discussion.","start":747.37,"end":751.104,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":747.37,"end":747.451},{"text":"are","start":747.515,"end":747.547},{"text":"not","start":747.547,"end":747.787},{"text":"simply","start":747.787,"end":748.188},{"text":"inviting","start":748.188,"end":748.7},{"text":"you","start":748.716,"end":748.893},{"text":"just","start":748.893,"end":749.213},{"text":"to","start":749.213,"end":749.47},{"text":"participate","start":749.774,"end":750.415},{"text":"in","start":750.415,"end":750.511},{"text":"a","start":750.511,"end":750.575},{"text":"discussion.","start":750.575,"end":751.104}]},{"text":"We are inviting you to contribute to some reflections that will eventually hopefully enable us to enrich the actions of the Security Council to serve peace, security, and prosperity.","start":751.521,"end":761.071,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":751.521,"end":751.601},{"text":"are","start":751.601,"end":751.633},{"text":"inviting","start":751.633,"end":752.065},{"text":"you","start":752.082,"end":752.178},{"text":"to","start":752.178,"end":752.322},{"text":"contribute","start":752.322,"end":752.931},{"text":"to","start":752.979,"end":753.235},{"text":"some","start":753.796,"end":754.02},{"text":"reflections","start":754.02,"end":754.629},{"text":"that","start":754.725,"end":754.902},{"text":"will","start":754.902,"end":755.046},{"text":"eventually","start":755.062,"end":755.447},{"text":"hopefully","start":755.703,"end":756.184},{"text":"enable","start":756.184,"end":756.568},{"text":"us","start":756.568,"end":756.616},{"text":"to","start":756.745,"end":756.953},{"text":"enrich","start":756.969,"end":757.353},{"text":"the","start":757.466,"end":757.61},{"text":"actions","start":757.61,"end":757.834},{"text":"of","start":757.834,"end":757.866},{"text":"the","start":757.866,"end":757.962},{"text":"Security","start":757.962,"end":758.315},{"text":"Council","start":758.347,"end":758.732},{"text":"to","start":758.732,"end":758.812},{"text":"serve","start":758.812,"end":759.116},{"text":"peace,","start":759.308,"end":759.517},{"text":"security,","start":759.693,"end":760.158},{"text":"and","start":760.334,"end":760.43},{"text":"prosperity.","start":760.43,"end":761.071}]},{"text":"Above and beyond this day, the DRC, through its permanent mission in New York, stands ready to continue this dialogue with each and every one of your delegations in the same spirit of openness and searching for convergence.","start":761.472,"end":775.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Above","start":761.472,"end":761.682},{"text":"and","start":761.682,"end":761.73},{"text":"beyond","start":761.73,"end":762.165},{"text":"this","start":762.519,"end":762.632},{"text":"day,","start":762.76,"end":763.002},{"text":"the","start":763.066,"end":763.179},{"text":"DRC,","start":763.179,"end":763.807},{"text":"through","start":764.194,"end":764.516},{"text":"its","start":764.677,"end":764.838},{"text":"permanent","start":764.838,"end":765.16},{"text":"mission","start":765.16,"end":765.401},{"text":"in","start":765.401,"end":765.498},{"text":"New","start":765.498,"end":765.659},{"text":"York,","start":765.659,"end":766.045},{"text":"stands","start":766.303,"end":766.673},{"text":"ready","start":766.689,"end":766.915},{"text":"to","start":767.012,"end":767.124},{"text":"continue","start":767.124,"end":767.527},{"text":"this","start":767.575,"end":767.64},{"text":"dialogue","start":767.736,"end":768.251},{"text":"with","start":768.638,"end":768.928},{"text":"each","start":769.99,"end":770.055},{"text":"and","start":770.168,"end":770.248},{"text":"every","start":770.248,"end":770.457},{"text":"one","start":770.474,"end":770.586},{"text":"of","start":770.586,"end":770.667},{"text":"your","start":770.667,"end":770.78},{"text":"delegations","start":770.78,"end":771.295},{"text":"in","start":771.295,"end":771.376},{"text":"the","start":771.376,"end":771.457},{"text":"same","start":771.457,"end":771.634},{"text":"spirit","start":771.634,"end":772.037},{"text":"of","start":772.102,"end":772.231},{"text":"openness","start":772.892,"end":773.343},{"text":"and","start":773.859,"end":774.068},{"text":"searching","start":774.439,"end":774.891},{"text":"for","start":774.923,"end":775.068},{"text":"convergence.","start":775.068,"end":775.81}]},{"text":"I hope that this will be the first step in an ambitious, inclusive endeavor that will bring us all together to serve the whole of the international community.","start":776.213,"end":784.325,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":776.213,"end":776.261},{"text":"hope","start":776.358,"end":776.6},{"text":"that","start":776.6,"end":776.696},{"text":"this","start":776.696,"end":776.842},{"text":"will","start":776.842,"end":776.938},{"text":"be","start":776.938,"end":777.019},{"text":"the","start":777.019,"end":777.099},{"text":"first","start":777.099,"end":777.406},{"text":"step","start":777.406,"end":777.761},{"text":"in","start":777.97,"end":778.035},{"text":"an","start":778.083,"end":778.293},{"text":"ambitious,","start":778.293,"end":778.647},{"text":"inclusive","start":779.733,"end":780.68},{"text":"endeavor","start":780.877,"end":781.302},{"text":"that","start":781.302,"end":781.449},{"text":"will","start":781.449,"end":781.596},{"text":"bring","start":781.612,"end":781.775},{"text":"us","start":781.775,"end":781.825},{"text":"all","start":781.939,"end":782.021},{"text":"together","start":782.021,"end":782.593},{"text":"to","start":782.593,"end":782.74},{"text":"serve","start":782.74,"end":783.018},{"text":"the","start":783.018,"end":783.148},{"text":"whole","start":783.148,"end":783.263},{"text":"of","start":783.263,"end":783.344},{"text":"the","start":783.344,"end":783.492},{"text":"international","start":783.492,"end":783.966},{"text":"community.","start":783.966,"end":784.325}]},{"text":"And it is on that note that I open this Area Formula meeting of the Security Council.","start":784.997,"end":790.306,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":784.997,"end":785.257},{"text":"it","start":785.419,"end":785.581},{"text":"is","start":785.581,"end":785.711},{"text":"on","start":786.133,"end":786.198},{"text":"that","start":786.231,"end":786.344},{"text":"note","start":786.458,"end":786.702},{"text":"that","start":786.702,"end":786.945},{"text":"I","start":786.945,"end":787.107},{"text":"open","start":787.351,"end":787.627},{"text":"this","start":787.871,"end":788.163},{"text":"Area","start":788.179,"end":788.439},{"text":"Formula","start":788.439,"end":788.828},{"text":"meeting","start":788.828,"end":789.202},{"text":"of","start":789.315,"end":789.397},{"text":"the","start":789.397,"end":789.494},{"text":"Security","start":789.494,"end":789.965},{"text":"Council.","start":789.965,"end":790.306}]},{"text":"entitled Assessment of the Normative Gap Regarding Natural Resources and Peace: Foundations and Prospects.","start":791.323,"end":798.064,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"entitled","start":791.323,"end":792.511},{"text":"Assessment","start":792.672,"end":793.667},{"text":"of","start":793.667,"end":793.747},{"text":"the","start":793.747,"end":793.875},{"text":"Normative","start":793.875,"end":794.26},{"text":"Gap","start":794.293,"end":794.485},{"text":"Regarding","start":794.935,"end":795.304},{"text":"Natural","start":795.336,"end":795.721},{"text":"Resources","start":795.721,"end":796.154},{"text":"and","start":796.154,"end":796.299},{"text":"Peace:","start":796.299,"end":796.491},{"text":"Foundations","start":796.764,"end":797.422},{"text":"and","start":797.422,"end":797.503},{"text":"Prospects.","start":797.503,"end":798.064}]},{"text":"Thank you very much for your kind attention.","start":798.385,"end":799.958,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":798.385,"end":798.61},{"text":"you","start":798.61,"end":798.674},{"text":"very","start":798.69,"end":798.819},{"text":"much","start":798.851,"end":798.995},{"text":"for","start":799.092,"end":799.172},{"text":"your","start":799.172,"end":799.268},{"text":"kind","start":799.268,"end":799.525},{"text":"attention.","start":799.525,"end":799.958}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Therese Kayikwamba Wagner","affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs"}},{"statement_number":5,"start":801.018,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=802","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Your Excellency, State Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs.","start":801.018,"end":806.988,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":801.018,"end":802.318},{"text":"you","start":802.863,"end":802.944},{"text":"very","start":802.944,"end":803.056},{"text":"much,","start":803.056,"end":803.329},{"text":"Your","start":803.345,"end":803.473},{"text":"Excellency,","start":803.505,"end":804.131},{"text":"State","start":804.645,"end":804.95},{"text":"Minister,","start":804.95,"end":805.367},{"text":"Minister","start":805.913,"end":806.17},{"text":"of","start":806.17,"end":806.282},{"text":"Foreign","start":806.314,"end":806.555},{"text":"Affairs.","start":806.635,"end":806.988}]},{"text":"Thank you for your opening remarks.","start":807.052,"end":809.283,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":807.052,"end":807.357},{"text":"you","start":807.357,"end":807.55},{"text":"for","start":807.598,"end":807.807},{"text":"your","start":807.935,"end":808.288},{"text":"opening","start":808.401,"end":808.657},{"text":"remarks.","start":808.722,"end":809.283}]},{"text":"We will now give the floor to the first briefer.","start":810.503,"end":814.435,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":810.503,"end":810.631},{"text":"will","start":810.648,"end":810.744},{"text":"now","start":810.744,"end":810.84},{"text":"give","start":810.969,"end":811.097},{"text":"the","start":811.129,"end":811.193},{"text":"floor","start":811.225,"end":811.643},{"text":"to","start":812.108,"end":812.429},{"text":"the","start":812.493,"end":812.75},{"text":"first","start":813.569,"end":814.034},{"text":"briefer.","start":814.034,"end":814.435}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Executive Secretary of International Conference in the Great Lakes Region, ICGLR.","start":817.923,"end":822.465,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Executive","start":817.923,"end":818.524},{"text":"Secretary","start":818.524,"end":819.043},{"text":"of","start":819.156,"end":819.253},{"text":"International","start":819.302,"end":819.886},{"text":"Conference","start":819.886,"end":820.324},{"text":"in","start":820.437,"end":820.486},{"text":"the","start":820.535,"end":820.859},{"text":"Great","start":820.859,"end":821.167},{"text":"Lakes","start":821.167,"end":821.346},{"text":"Region,","start":821.346,"end":821.621},{"text":"ICGLR.","start":821.751,"end":822.465}]},{"text":"You have the floor, sir.","start":823.114,"end":825.237,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":823.114,"end":823.195},{"text":"have","start":823.195,"end":823.292},{"text":"the","start":823.292,"end":823.373},{"text":"floor,","start":823.373,"end":823.616},{"text":"sir.","start":825.189,"end":825.237}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":826.654,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=827","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chairperson. Your Excellency, Madame Theresa Kayikwamba Wagner, Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, Francophone and Congolese Diaspora, and Chairperson of the meeting, Council members, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":826.654,"end":841.833,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":826.654,"end":826.895},{"text":"you,","start":826.895,"end":827.024},{"text":"Chairperson.","start":827.04,"end":827.668},{"text":"Your","start":828.264,"end":828.344},{"text":"Excellency,","start":828.344,"end":828.892},{"text":"Madame","start":828.908,"end":829.278},{"text":"Theresa","start":829.311,"end":829.633},{"text":"Kayikwamba","start":829.633,"end":830.293},{"text":"Wagner,","start":831.146,"end":831.532},{"text":"Minister","start":831.629,"end":831.967},{"text":"of","start":831.967,"end":832.096},{"text":"State,","start":832.16,"end":832.418},{"text":"Minister","start":833.29,"end":833.419},{"text":"of","start":833.419,"end":833.451},{"text":"Foreign","start":833.483,"end":833.677},{"text":"Affairs,","start":833.726,"end":834.178},{"text":"International","start":834.291,"end":834.856},{"text":"Cooperation,","start":834.856,"end":835.389},{"text":"Francophone","start":835.486,"end":836.035},{"text":"and","start":836.552,"end":836.616},{"text":"Congolese","start":836.697,"end":837.085},{"text":"Diaspora,","start":837.133,"end":837.569},{"text":"and","start":837.585,"end":837.747},{"text":"Chairperson","start":837.747,"end":838.215},{"text":"of","start":838.215,"end":838.247},{"text":"the","start":838.247,"end":838.312},{"text":"meeting,","start":838.312,"end":838.7},{"text":"Council","start":839.459,"end":839.814},{"text":"members,","start":839.814,"end":840.347},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":840.363,"end":841.009},{"text":"ladies","start":841.074,"end":841.316},{"text":"and","start":841.316,"end":841.445},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":841.461,"end":841.833}]},{"text":"Let me just begin by thanking Madam Chairperson for your leadership and stewardship, particularly in chairing this pivotal meeting.","start":843.039,"end":850.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":843.039,"end":843.087},{"text":"me","start":843.087,"end":843.216},{"text":"just","start":843.216,"end":843.376},{"text":"begin","start":843.376,"end":843.665},{"text":"by","start":843.697,"end":843.81},{"text":"thanking","start":843.858,"end":844.307},{"text":"Madam","start":844.982,"end":845.303},{"text":"Chairperson","start":845.303,"end":845.913},{"text":"for","start":846.09,"end":846.218},{"text":"your","start":846.427,"end":846.539},{"text":"leadership","start":846.539,"end":847.005},{"text":"and","start":847.005,"end":847.117},{"text":"stewardship,","start":847.166,"end":847.792},{"text":"particularly","start":848.354,"end":848.964},{"text":"in","start":848.996,"end":849.044},{"text":"chairing","start":849.157,"end":849.526},{"text":"this","start":849.558,"end":849.815},{"text":"pivotal","start":849.863,"end":850.216},{"text":"meeting.","start":850.216,"end":850.57}]},{"text":"I appreciate your kind invitation to me as Executive Secretary of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region.","start":851.421,"end":857.956,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":851.421,"end":851.453},{"text":"appreciate","start":851.469,"end":852.207},{"text":"your","start":852.272,"end":852.448},{"text":"kind","start":852.448,"end":852.705},{"text":"invitation","start":852.705,"end":853.299},{"text":"to","start":853.315,"end":853.412},{"text":"me","start":853.412,"end":853.652},{"text":"as","start":854.118,"end":854.214},{"text":"Executive","start":854.214,"end":854.616},{"text":"Secretary","start":854.616,"end":855.146},{"text":"of","start":855.178,"end":855.258},{"text":"the","start":855.258,"end":855.322},{"text":"International","start":855.322,"end":855.884},{"text":"Conference","start":855.9,"end":856.414},{"text":"on","start":856.96,"end":857.04},{"text":"the","start":857.105,"end":857.185},{"text":"Great","start":857.185,"end":857.41},{"text":"Lakes","start":857.41,"end":857.667},{"text":"Region.","start":857.667,"end":857.956}]},{"text":"I also wish in the same breath to congratulate the Democratic Republic of Congo, the current chair of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region, for assuming the chairmanship of the principal United Nations body responsible for international peace and security, a subject which is at the core of our institution.","start":858.55,"end":877.916,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":858.55,"end":858.566},{"text":"also","start":858.71,"end":858.951},{"text":"wish","start":858.951,"end":859.063},{"text":"in","start":859.192,"end":859.272},{"text":"the","start":859.272,"end":859.352},{"text":"same","start":859.352,"end":859.481},{"text":"breath","start":859.593,"end":859.802},{"text":"to","start":859.914,"end":860.075},{"text":"congratulate","start":860.075,"end":860.846},{"text":"the","start":861.279,"end":861.44},{"text":"Democratic","start":861.44,"end":861.986},{"text":"Republic","start":861.986,"end":862.419},{"text":"of","start":862.419,"end":862.532},{"text":"Congo,","start":862.628,"end":862.965},{"text":"the","start":863.607,"end":863.688},{"text":"current","start":863.688,"end":864.009},{"text":"chair","start":864.009,"end":864.426},{"text":"of","start":864.571,"end":864.699},{"text":"the","start":864.828,"end":864.876},{"text":"International","start":864.892,"end":865.454},{"text":"Conference","start":865.454,"end":865.904},{"text":"on","start":866.337,"end":866.385},{"text":"the","start":866.417,"end":866.562},{"text":"Great","start":866.562,"end":866.739},{"text":"Lakes","start":866.739,"end":866.979},{"text":"Region,","start":866.979,"end":867.349},{"text":"for","start":867.767,"end":867.848},{"text":"assuming","start":867.848,"end":868.316},{"text":"the","start":868.654,"end":868.735},{"text":"chairmanship","start":868.735,"end":869.413},{"text":"of","start":869.477,"end":869.622},{"text":"the","start":869.622,"end":869.719},{"text":"principal","start":869.719,"end":870.252},{"text":"United","start":870.51,"end":870.929},{"text":"Nations","start":870.929,"end":871.3},{"text":"body","start":871.413,"end":871.72},{"text":"responsible","start":871.801,"end":872.43},{"text":"for","start":872.946,"end":873.107},{"text":"international","start":873.107,"end":873.624},{"text":"peace","start":873.672,"end":873.882},{"text":"and","start":873.979,"end":874.043},{"text":"security,","start":874.076,"end":874.64},{"text":"a","start":875.108,"end":875.14},{"text":"subject","start":875.14,"end":875.818},{"text":"which","start":875.931,"end":876.06},{"text":"is","start":876.173,"end":876.27},{"text":"at","start":876.27,"end":876.415},{"text":"the","start":876.415,"end":876.56},{"text":"core","start":876.56,"end":876.786},{"text":"of","start":876.786,"end":876.867},{"text":"our","start":877.19,"end":877.302},{"text":"institution.","start":877.302,"end":877.916}]},{"text":"Chairperson, Excellencies, we are here to diagnose a normative gap, as you have rightly pointed out, but we need to be honest as we are diagnosing this normative gap.","start":878.675,"end":892.88,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Chairperson,","start":878.675,"end":879.223},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":879.982,"end":880.628},{"text":"we","start":882.145,"end":882.29},{"text":"are","start":882.371,"end":882.468},{"text":"here","start":882.468,"end":882.661},{"text":"to","start":883.13,"end":883.243},{"text":"diagnose","start":883.275,"end":883.888},{"text":"a","start":884.485,"end":884.502},{"text":"normative","start":884.502,"end":884.986},{"text":"gap,","start":885.05,"end":885.212},{"text":"as","start":885.938,"end":885.987},{"text":"you","start":886.245,"end":886.31},{"text":"have","start":886.31,"end":886.503},{"text":"rightly","start":886.503,"end":886.875},{"text":"pointed","start":886.891,"end":887.31},{"text":"out,","start":887.31,"end":887.569},{"text":"but","start":888.683,"end":888.844},{"text":"we","start":888.844,"end":888.941},{"text":"need","start":888.941,"end":889.086},{"text":"to","start":889.086,"end":889.167},{"text":"be","start":889.167,"end":889.312},{"text":"honest","start":889.409,"end":889.796},{"text":"as","start":889.796,"end":889.877},{"text":"we","start":889.893,"end":889.958},{"text":"are","start":889.958,"end":890.055},{"text":"diagnosing","start":890.055,"end":890.507},{"text":"this","start":890.604,"end":890.813},{"text":"normative","start":892.299,"end":892.686},{"text":"gap.","start":892.702,"end":892.88}]},{"text":"This is certainly, in our view, not a legal abstraction.","start":893.857,"end":897.546,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":893.857,"end":894.05},{"text":"is","start":894.274,"end":894.402},{"text":"certainly,","start":894.435,"end":894.884},{"text":"in","start":894.916,"end":894.964},{"text":"our","start":895.06,"end":895.204},{"text":"view,","start":895.236,"end":895.461},{"text":"not","start":895.798,"end":896.199},{"text":"a","start":896.423,"end":896.6},{"text":"legal","start":896.664,"end":896.888},{"text":"abstraction.","start":896.92,"end":897.546}]},{"text":"It is a moral fissure.","start":898.508,"end":899.743,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":898.508,"end":898.765},{"text":"is","start":898.765,"end":898.893},{"text":"a","start":899.085,"end":899.101},{"text":"moral","start":899.101,"end":899.406},{"text":"fissure.","start":899.406,"end":899.743}]},{"text":"It is a distance between the minerals we extract and the peace that we promise.","start":900.705,"end":906.495,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":900.705,"end":900.85},{"text":"is","start":900.85,"end":900.946},{"text":"a","start":900.946,"end":901.074},{"text":"distance","start":901.09,"end":901.812},{"text":"between","start":902.373,"end":902.822},{"text":"the","start":903.095,"end":903.207},{"text":"minerals","start":903.207,"end":903.544},{"text":"we","start":903.576,"end":903.72},{"text":"extract","start":903.72,"end":904.346},{"text":"and","start":905.019,"end":905.083},{"text":"the","start":905.18,"end":905.34},{"text":"peace","start":905.34,"end":905.677},{"text":"that","start":905.821,"end":905.965},{"text":"we","start":905.965,"end":906.062},{"text":"promise.","start":906.142,"end":906.495}]},{"text":"It is a difference between the wealth beneath our feet and the poverty in the eyes of the communities standing upon that ground.","start":907.441,"end":916.294,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":907.441,"end":907.585},{"text":"is","start":907.585,"end":907.681},{"text":"a","start":907.681,"end":907.81},{"text":"difference","start":907.826,"end":909.029},{"text":"between","start":909.029,"end":909.478},{"text":"the","start":909.654,"end":909.718},{"text":"wealth","start":909.814,"end":910.039},{"text":"beneath","start":910.135,"end":910.408},{"text":"our","start":910.536,"end":910.568},{"text":"feet","start":910.568,"end":911.065},{"text":"and","start":911.755,"end":911.819},{"text":"the","start":911.915,"end":912.076},{"text":"poverty","start":912.076,"end":912.557},{"text":"in","start":912.733,"end":912.845},{"text":"the","start":912.878,"end":913.022},{"text":"eyes","start":913.102,"end":913.487},{"text":"of","start":913.936,"end":914.016},{"text":"the","start":914.064,"end":914.161},{"text":"communities","start":914.161,"end":914.738},{"text":"standing","start":914.834,"end":915.171},{"text":"upon","start":915.508,"end":915.78},{"text":"that","start":915.78,"end":915.989},{"text":"ground.","start":915.989,"end":916.294}]},{"text":"And we can certainly not bridge this fissure without remembering how we got here.","start":917.448,"end":923.467,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":917.448,"end":917.753},{"text":"we","start":917.993,"end":918.09},{"text":"can","start":918.09,"end":918.266},{"text":"certainly","start":918.266,"end":918.699},{"text":"not","start":919.132,"end":919.373},{"text":"bridge","start":919.373,"end":919.582},{"text":"this","start":919.694,"end":919.839},{"text":"fissure","start":919.919,"end":920.32},{"text":"without","start":920.979,"end":921.476},{"text":"remembering","start":921.765,"end":922.295},{"text":"how","start":922.648,"end":922.777},{"text":"we","start":922.809,"end":922.905},{"text":"got","start":922.905,"end":923.21},{"text":"here.","start":923.21,"end":923.467}]},{"text":"And it is my humble duty this morning, in a few minutes, 10 minutes, to start by reminding us how we got here.","start":924.35,"end":931.767,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":924.35,"end":924.414},{"text":"it","start":924.43,"end":924.527},{"text":"is","start":924.527,"end":924.607},{"text":"my","start":924.655,"end":924.816},{"text":"humble","start":924.816,"end":925.153},{"text":"duty","start":925.153,"end":925.41},{"text":"this","start":925.458,"end":925.634},{"text":"morning,","start":925.634,"end":925.923},{"text":"in","start":926.276,"end":926.325},{"text":"a","start":926.373,"end":926.389},{"text":"few","start":926.437,"end":926.614},{"text":"minutes,","start":926.614,"end":926.983},{"text":"10","start":928.042,"end":928.171},{"text":"minutes,","start":928.267,"end":928.636},{"text":"to","start":929.263,"end":929.487},{"text":"start","start":929.487,"end":929.873},{"text":"by","start":929.873,"end":930.001},{"text":"reminding","start":930.354,"end":930.788},{"text":"us","start":930.788,"end":931.045},{"text":"how","start":931.157,"end":931.205},{"text":"we","start":931.317,"end":931.414},{"text":"got","start":931.414,"end":931.574},{"text":"here.","start":931.574,"end":931.767}]},{"text":"First and foremost, you recall that in the shadow of the Rwandan genocide and the wars that tore through the Democratic Republic of Congo, the international community and the African leaders asked a fundamental question: How can we stop this cycle?","start":932.762,"end":947.468,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":932.762,"end":932.955},{"text":"and","start":932.955,"end":933.099},{"text":"foremost,","start":933.099,"end":933.485},{"text":"you","start":933.501,"end":933.661},{"text":"recall","start":933.661,"end":934.111},{"text":"that","start":934.849,"end":935.042},{"text":"in","start":935.122,"end":935.203},{"text":"the","start":935.267,"end":935.363},{"text":"shadow","start":935.363,"end":935.7},{"text":"of","start":935.732,"end":935.845},{"text":"the","start":935.893,"end":935.925},{"text":"Rwandan","start":935.925,"end":936.278},{"text":"genocide","start":936.31,"end":936.952},{"text":"and","start":937.033,"end":937.097},{"text":"the","start":937.113,"end":937.241},{"text":"wars","start":937.257,"end":937.482},{"text":"that","start":937.514,"end":937.835},{"text":"tore","start":937.835,"end":938.012},{"text":"through","start":938.012,"end":938.301},{"text":"the","start":938.301,"end":938.397},{"text":"Democratic","start":938.397,"end":938.863},{"text":"Republic","start":938.863,"end":939.264},{"text":"of","start":939.264,"end":939.409},{"text":"Congo,","start":939.425,"end":939.698},{"text":"the","start":940.805,"end":940.886},{"text":"international","start":940.886,"end":941.448},{"text":"community","start":941.448,"end":941.977},{"text":"and","start":942.716,"end":942.892},{"text":"the","start":942.892,"end":942.941},{"text":"African","start":942.957,"end":943.31},{"text":"leaders","start":943.374,"end":943.663},{"text":"asked","start":944,"end":944.337},{"text":"a","start":944.337,"end":944.353},{"text":"fundamental","start":944.402,"end":944.979},{"text":"question:","start":944.979,"end":945.349},{"text":"How","start":946.007,"end":946.2},{"text":"can","start":946.328,"end":946.489},{"text":"we","start":946.489,"end":946.569},{"text":"stop","start":946.569,"end":946.842},{"text":"this","start":946.89,"end":947.066},{"text":"cycle?","start":947.066,"end":947.468}]},{"text":"And that cycle is still here.","start":948.351,"end":950.839,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":948.351,"end":948.415},{"text":"that","start":948.511,"end":948.672},{"text":"cycle","start":948.672,"end":949.137},{"text":"is","start":950.181,"end":950.213},{"text":"still","start":950.213,"end":950.566},{"text":"here.","start":950.582,"end":950.839}]},{"text":"That question is still here.","start":951.465,"end":952.878,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":951.465,"end":951.642},{"text":"question","start":951.642,"end":952.091},{"text":"is","start":952.268,"end":952.332},{"text":"still","start":952.396,"end":952.653},{"text":"here.","start":952.685,"end":952.878}]},{"text":"The question led to the signing of the Pact on Security, Stability and Development in the Great Lakes Region in Nairobi on December 15th, 2006.","start":954.034,"end":965.031,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":954.034,"end":954.114},{"text":"question","start":954.114,"end":954.66},{"text":"led","start":955.334,"end":955.543},{"text":"to","start":955.655,"end":955.8},{"text":"the","start":955.8,"end":955.88},{"text":"signing","start":955.88,"end":956.265},{"text":"of","start":956.314,"end":956.394},{"text":"the","start":956.394,"end":956.603},{"text":"Pact","start":956.603,"end":957.02},{"text":"on","start":957.02,"end":957.068},{"text":"Security,","start":957.164,"end":957.71},{"text":"Stability","start":958.369,"end":958.995},{"text":"and","start":959.107,"end":959.187},{"text":"Development","start":959.187,"end":959.765},{"text":"in","start":959.829,"end":959.894},{"text":"the","start":959.894,"end":959.99},{"text":"Great","start":959.99,"end":960.215},{"text":"Lakes","start":960.215,"end":960.343},{"text":"Region","start":960.456,"end":960.761},{"text":"in","start":961.515,"end":961.595},{"text":"Nairobi","start":961.595,"end":962.141},{"text":"on","start":962.88,"end":962.992},{"text":"December","start":963.104,"end":963.522},{"text":"15th,","start":963.522,"end":964.132},{"text":"2006.","start":964.325,"end":965.031}]},{"text":"The Pact alongside its 10 protocols, Madam Chair, Excellencies, gave birth to the International Conference on the Great Lakes region, the first legally binding framework to treat security, stability, and development as inseparable in that context.","start":966.01,"end":981.546,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":966.01,"end":966.091},{"text":"Pact","start":966.155,"end":966.492},{"text":"alongside","start":966.508,"end":967.102},{"text":"its","start":967.134,"end":967.359},{"text":"10","start":967.359,"end":967.503},{"text":"protocols,","start":967.535,"end":968.065},{"text":"Madam","start":968.178,"end":968.434},{"text":"Chair,","start":968.499,"end":968.836},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":968.9,"end":969.51},{"text":"gave","start":970.168,"end":970.473},{"text":"birth","start":970.489,"end":970.714},{"text":"to","start":970.971,"end":971.067},{"text":"the","start":971.067,"end":971.132},{"text":"International","start":971.132,"end":971.758},{"text":"Conference","start":971.774,"end":972.544},{"text":"on","start":972.594,"end":972.642},{"text":"the","start":972.674,"end":972.755},{"text":"Great","start":972.819,"end":972.997},{"text":"Lakes","start":972.997,"end":973.303},{"text":"region,","start":973.303,"end":973.561},{"text":"the","start":973.577,"end":973.674},{"text":"first","start":973.722,"end":974.206},{"text":"legally","start":974.673,"end":975.012},{"text":"binding","start":975.076,"end":975.383},{"text":"framework","start":975.479,"end":975.915},{"text":"to","start":975.915,"end":976.044},{"text":"treat","start":976.447,"end":976.64},{"text":"security,","start":976.689,"end":977.317},{"text":"stability,","start":977.849,"end":978.527},{"text":"and","start":978.559,"end":978.72},{"text":"development","start":978.72,"end":979.349},{"text":"as","start":979.365,"end":979.462},{"text":"inseparable","start":979.607,"end":980.219},{"text":"in","start":980.737,"end":980.818},{"text":"that","start":980.818,"end":980.98},{"text":"context.","start":980.98,"end":981.546}]},{"text":"But our leaders didn't stop there.","start":983.244,"end":984.716,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":983.244,"end":983.341},{"text":"our","start":983.406,"end":983.568},{"text":"leaders","start":983.568,"end":983.859},{"text":"didn't","start":983.891,"end":984.053},{"text":"stop","start":984.053,"end":984.377},{"text":"there.","start":984.441,"end":984.716}]},{"text":"That's how we got here.","start":985.816,"end":986.738,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":985.816,"end":985.978},{"text":"how","start":985.978,"end":986.075},{"text":"we","start":986.091,"end":986.237},{"text":"got","start":986.237,"end":986.415},{"text":"here.","start":986.479,"end":986.738}]},{"text":"They realized early that the words on paper are not enough, so in December 2010, we had the Lusaka Declaration.","start":986.787,"end":994.501,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":986.787,"end":986.868},{"text":"realized","start":986.868,"end":987.337},{"text":"early","start":987.434,"end":987.66},{"text":"that","start":987.757,"end":987.854},{"text":"the","start":987.854,"end":988},{"text":"words","start":988,"end":988.243},{"text":"on","start":988.243,"end":988.404},{"text":"paper","start":988.404,"end":988.728},{"text":"are","start":989.294,"end":989.326},{"text":"not","start":989.326,"end":989.472},{"text":"enough,","start":989.472,"end":989.909},{"text":"so","start":990.604,"end":990.701},{"text":"in","start":990.701,"end":990.814},{"text":"December","start":990.847,"end":991.218},{"text":"2010,","start":991.251,"end":991.768},{"text":"we","start":993.03,"end":993.175},{"text":"had","start":993.175,"end":993.418},{"text":"the","start":993.418,"end":993.499},{"text":"Lusaka","start":993.499,"end":993.838},{"text":"Declaration.","start":993.838,"end":994.501}]},{"text":"Our heads of state adopted the Regional Initiative Against the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources, That was the moment we declared that conflict minerals would no longer be just a regional problem, but that conflict minerals would be a regional red line.","start":994.728,"end":1013.194,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":994.728,"end":994.89},{"text":"heads","start":994.89,"end":995.1},{"text":"of","start":995.132,"end":995.213},{"text":"state","start":995.213,"end":995.634},{"text":"adopted","start":995.876,"end":996.588},{"text":"the","start":997.542,"end":997.801},{"text":"Regional","start":997.946,"end":998.286},{"text":"Initiative","start":998.286,"end":998.933},{"text":"Against","start":998.933,"end":999.421},{"text":"the","start":999.421,"end":999.47},{"text":"Illegal","start":999.502,"end":999.827},{"text":"Exploitation","start":999.827,"end":1000.445},{"text":"of","start":1000.493,"end":1000.607},{"text":"Natural","start":1000.64,"end":1000.965},{"text":"Resources,","start":1000.965,"end":1001.338},{"text":"That","start":1002.624,"end":1002.802},{"text":"was","start":1002.802,"end":1002.9},{"text":"the","start":1002.948,"end":1003.029},{"text":"moment","start":1003.029,"end":1003.435},{"text":"we","start":1003.435,"end":1003.532},{"text":"declared","start":1003.532,"end":1004.068},{"text":"that","start":1004.182,"end":1004.344},{"text":"conflict","start":1004.344,"end":1004.96},{"text":"minerals","start":1005.642,"end":1006.096},{"text":"would","start":1006.275,"end":1006.453},{"text":"no","start":1006.453,"end":1006.534},{"text":"longer","start":1006.616,"end":1006.859},{"text":"be","start":1006.94,"end":1007.086},{"text":"just","start":1007.086,"end":1007.573},{"text":"a","start":1007.979,"end":1008.011},{"text":"regional","start":1008.011,"end":1008.53},{"text":"problem,","start":1008.644,"end":1009.017},{"text":"but","start":1009.56,"end":1009.608},{"text":"that","start":1009.608,"end":1009.834},{"text":"conflict","start":1009.834,"end":1010.238},{"text":"minerals","start":1010.238,"end":1010.69},{"text":"would","start":1011.272,"end":1011.417},{"text":"be","start":1011.514,"end":1011.627},{"text":"a","start":1011.918,"end":1012.015},{"text":"regional","start":1012.015,"end":1012.402},{"text":"red","start":1012.806,"end":1013.048},{"text":"line.","start":1013.048,"end":1013.194}]},{"text":"The progress and lessons learned is something that we need to remind ourselves of.","start":1014.341,"end":1018.2,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1014.341,"end":1014.437},{"text":"progress","start":1014.437,"end":1014.922},{"text":"and","start":1014.922,"end":1015.084},{"text":"lessons","start":1015.148,"end":1015.455},{"text":"learned","start":1015.552,"end":1015.859},{"text":"is","start":1016.214,"end":1016.343},{"text":"something","start":1016.521,"end":1016.828},{"text":"that","start":1016.86,"end":1016.99},{"text":"we","start":1017.006,"end":1017.054},{"text":"need","start":1017.054,"end":1017.264},{"text":"to","start":1017.264,"end":1017.345},{"text":"remind","start":1017.345,"end":1017.684},{"text":"ourselves","start":1017.684,"end":1018.12},{"text":"of.","start":1018.151,"end":1018.2}]},{"text":"Chairperson, Excellencies, allow me to reflect on the progress briefly we have made and more importantly the lessons that we have learned.","start":1019.023,"end":1028.394,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1019.023,"end":1019.572},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1019.766,"end":1020.298},{"text":"allow","start":1021.929,"end":1022.042},{"text":"me","start":1022.09,"end":1022.268},{"text":"to","start":1022.268,"end":1022.429},{"text":"reflect","start":1022.429,"end":1022.913},{"text":"on","start":1022.913,"end":1023.01},{"text":"the","start":1023.059,"end":1023.155},{"text":"progress","start":1023.155,"end":1023.527},{"text":"briefly","start":1023.704,"end":1024.043},{"text":"we","start":1024.527,"end":1024.608},{"text":"have","start":1024.608,"end":1024.818},{"text":"made","start":1024.834,"end":1024.979},{"text":"and","start":1025.561,"end":1025.706},{"text":"more","start":1025.722,"end":1026.077},{"text":"importantly","start":1026.142,"end":1026.771},{"text":"the","start":1026.868,"end":1027.013},{"text":"lessons","start":1027.286,"end":1027.671},{"text":"that","start":1027.703,"end":1027.832},{"text":"we","start":1027.848,"end":1027.928},{"text":"have","start":1027.928,"end":1028.025},{"text":"learned.","start":1028.089,"end":1028.394}]},{"text":"Over the past 15 years, the ICGR has demonstrated that the region— the regional cooperation is achievable and effective.","start":1029.47,"end":1037.404,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":1029.47,"end":1029.567},{"text":"the","start":1029.567,"end":1029.711},{"text":"past","start":1029.711,"end":1029.936},{"text":"15","start":1029.936,"end":1030.257},{"text":"years,","start":1030.337,"end":1030.562},{"text":"the","start":1030.996,"end":1031.076},{"text":"ICGR","start":1031.157,"end":1031.654},{"text":"has","start":1032.345,"end":1032.409},{"text":"demonstrated","start":1032.506,"end":1033.132},{"text":"that","start":1033.405,"end":1033.566},{"text":"the","start":1033.566,"end":1033.71},{"text":"region—","start":1033.71,"end":1034.096},{"text":"the","start":1034.513,"end":1034.594},{"text":"regional","start":1034.594,"end":1034.931},{"text":"cooperation","start":1034.931,"end":1035.461},{"text":"is","start":1035.573,"end":1035.67},{"text":"achievable","start":1035.67,"end":1036.36},{"text":"and","start":1036.778,"end":1036.922},{"text":"effective.","start":1036.922,"end":1037.404}]},{"text":"We have built a framework, quietly albeit, that has tangibly improved natural resource governance across the Great Lakes region, and a few things have worked, but more are yet to work.","start":1038.223,"end":1052.036,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1038.223,"end":1038.368},{"text":"have","start":1038.368,"end":1038.512},{"text":"built","start":1038.625,"end":1039.01},{"text":"a","start":1039.01,"end":1039.026},{"text":"framework,","start":1039.043,"end":1039.749},{"text":"quietly","start":1040.07,"end":1040.552},{"text":"albeit,","start":1040.552,"end":1041.291},{"text":"that","start":1041.901,"end":1042.062},{"text":"has","start":1042.062,"end":1042.207},{"text":"tangibly","start":1042.239,"end":1042.737},{"text":"improved","start":1042.737,"end":1043.299},{"text":"natural","start":1043.668,"end":1043.957},{"text":"resource","start":1043.989,"end":1044.391},{"text":"governance","start":1044.391,"end":1044.873},{"text":"across","start":1045.692,"end":1046.158},{"text":"the","start":1046.158,"end":1046.254},{"text":"Great","start":1046.254,"end":1046.479},{"text":"Lakes","start":1046.479,"end":1046.72},{"text":"region,","start":1046.72,"end":1047.025},{"text":"and","start":1048.101,"end":1048.229},{"text":"a","start":1048.278,"end":1048.326},{"text":"few","start":1048.326,"end":1048.47},{"text":"things","start":1048.486,"end":1048.759},{"text":"have","start":1048.792,"end":1048.92},{"text":"worked,","start":1048.968,"end":1049.386},{"text":"but","start":1049.868,"end":1050.044},{"text":"more","start":1050.43,"end":1050.767},{"text":"are","start":1051.458,"end":1051.506},{"text":"yet","start":1051.538,"end":1051.779},{"text":"to","start":1051.779,"end":1051.859},{"text":"work.","start":1051.859,"end":1052.036}]},{"text":"Firstly, what has worked?","start":1052.582,"end":1053.417,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Firstly,","start":1052.582,"end":1052.999},{"text":"what","start":1053.016,"end":1053.144},{"text":"has","start":1053.144,"end":1053.256},{"text":"worked?","start":1053.321,"end":1053.417}]},{"text":"Political will at the highest level.","start":1054.203,"end":1055.807,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Political","start":1054.203,"end":1054.684},{"text":"will","start":1054.684,"end":1054.861},{"text":"at","start":1054.989,"end":1055.085},{"text":"the","start":1055.085,"end":1055.165},{"text":"highest","start":1055.165,"end":1055.486},{"text":"level.","start":1055.486,"end":1055.807}]},{"text":"The Lusaka Declaration was a political commitment by 11 heads of state to break the link between resources and conflict.","start":1056.544,"end":1063.264,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1056.544,"end":1056.673},{"text":"Lusaka","start":1056.673,"end":1057.009},{"text":"Declaration","start":1057.009,"end":1057.619},{"text":"was","start":1057.956,"end":1058.18},{"text":"a","start":1058.389,"end":1058.405},{"text":"political","start":1058.453,"end":1058.854},{"text":"commitment","start":1058.854,"end":1059.479},{"text":"by","start":1059.479,"end":1059.591},{"text":"11","start":1059.591,"end":1059.864},{"text":"heads","start":1059.96,"end":1060.137},{"text":"of","start":1060.137,"end":1060.201},{"text":"state","start":1060.201,"end":1060.746},{"text":"to","start":1061.115,"end":1061.227},{"text":"break","start":1061.259,"end":1061.436},{"text":"the","start":1061.5,"end":1061.644},{"text":"link","start":1061.644,"end":1061.901},{"text":"between","start":1061.901,"end":1062.109},{"text":"resources","start":1062.141,"end":1062.622},{"text":"and","start":1062.622,"end":1062.783},{"text":"conflict.","start":1062.783,"end":1063.264}]},{"text":"Number 2, the standard setting with practical applications.","start":1063.985,"end":1067.882,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1063.985,"end":1064.226},{"text":"2,","start":1064.306,"end":1064.402},{"text":"the","start":1065.493,"end":1065.525},{"text":"standard","start":1065.525,"end":1065.99},{"text":"setting","start":1065.99,"end":1066.359},{"text":"with","start":1066.471,"end":1066.648},{"text":"practical","start":1066.712,"end":1067.177},{"text":"applications.","start":1067.177,"end":1067.882}]},{"text":"The regional certification mechanism was developed in lockstep with the OECD due diligence guidance and grounded in the UN guiding principles on business and human rights.","start":1068.716,"end":1081.948,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1068.716,"end":1068.861},{"text":"regional","start":1068.861,"end":1069.197},{"text":"certification","start":1069.197,"end":1069.967},{"text":"mechanism","start":1070.945,"end":1071.635},{"text":"was","start":1071.827,"end":1072.052},{"text":"developed","start":1072.164,"end":1072.709},{"text":"in","start":1072.725,"end":1072.774},{"text":"lockstep","start":1072.87,"end":1073.335},{"text":"with","start":1073.607,"end":1073.864},{"text":"the","start":1074.169,"end":1074.297},{"text":"OECD","start":1074.329,"end":1075.035},{"text":"due","start":1075.436,"end":1075.612},{"text":"diligence","start":1075.612,"end":1076.334},{"text":"guidance","start":1076.654,"end":1077.103},{"text":"and","start":1077.697,"end":1077.761},{"text":"grounded","start":1077.921,"end":1078.322},{"text":"in","start":1078.434,"end":1078.515},{"text":"the","start":1078.563,"end":1078.643},{"text":"UN","start":1078.659,"end":1078.948},{"text":"guiding","start":1079.22,"end":1079.589},{"text":"principles","start":1079.942,"end":1080.552},{"text":"on","start":1080.584,"end":1080.648},{"text":"business","start":1080.809,"end":1081.226},{"text":"and","start":1081.226,"end":1081.29},{"text":"human","start":1081.306,"end":1081.627},{"text":"rights.","start":1081.627,"end":1081.948}]},{"text":"Number 3, multi-stakeholder partnership.","start":1083.056,"end":1086.539,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1083.056,"end":1083.313},{"text":"3,","start":1083.313,"end":1083.698},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":1084.902,"end":1086.009},{"text":"partnership.","start":1086.025,"end":1086.539}]},{"text":"Since 2011, the ICJR, the OECD, and the UN Group of Experts— many of you, I've seen you in these meetings— on DRC have convened annual forums that have driven the global uptake of responsible sourcing standards, and we have consistently met for the since 2011.","start":1087.149,"end":1106.238,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":1087.149,"end":1087.325},{"text":"2011,","start":1087.325,"end":1087.935},{"text":"the","start":1088.754,"end":1088.85},{"text":"ICJR,","start":1088.914,"end":1089.396},{"text":"the","start":1090.214,"end":1090.359},{"text":"OECD,","start":1090.439,"end":1091.097},{"text":"and","start":1091.578,"end":1091.643},{"text":"the","start":1091.675,"end":1091.819},{"text":"UN","start":1091.819,"end":1092.268},{"text":"Group","start":1092.301,"end":1092.541},{"text":"of","start":1092.541,"end":1092.702},{"text":"Experts—","start":1092.702,"end":1093.264},{"text":"many","start":1093.328,"end":1093.504},{"text":"of","start":1093.504,"end":1093.601},{"text":"you,","start":1093.665,"end":1093.809},{"text":"I've","start":1093.825,"end":1093.986},{"text":"seen","start":1093.986,"end":1094.114},{"text":"you","start":1094.146,"end":1094.243},{"text":"in","start":1094.243,"end":1094.307},{"text":"these","start":1094.307,"end":1094.467},{"text":"meetings—","start":1094.548,"end":1094.965},{"text":"on","start":1095.687,"end":1095.767},{"text":"DRC","start":1095.832,"end":1096.393},{"text":"have","start":1096.458,"end":1096.682},{"text":"convened","start":1096.698,"end":1097.164},{"text":"annual","start":1097.26,"end":1097.453},{"text":"forums","start":1097.453,"end":1097.966},{"text":"that","start":1098.624,"end":1098.737},{"text":"have","start":1098.737,"end":1098.929},{"text":"driven","start":1098.961,"end":1099.331},{"text":"the","start":1099.523,"end":1099.684},{"text":"global","start":1099.684,"end":1099.989},{"text":"uptake","start":1100.005,"end":1100.342},{"text":"of","start":1100.342,"end":1100.454},{"text":"responsible","start":1100.486,"end":1101.256},{"text":"sourcing","start":1101.834,"end":1102.139},{"text":"standards,","start":1102.171,"end":1102.749},{"text":"and","start":1103.054,"end":1103.134},{"text":"we","start":1103.134,"end":1103.231},{"text":"have","start":1103.231,"end":1103.343},{"text":"consistently","start":1103.375,"end":1104.162},{"text":"met","start":1104.499,"end":1104.868},{"text":"for","start":1104.964,"end":1105.06},{"text":"the","start":1105.06,"end":1105.253},{"text":"since","start":1105.43,"end":1105.624},{"text":"2011.","start":1105.624,"end":1106.238}]},{"text":"What have we learned?","start":1107.16,"end":1107.856,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":1107.16,"end":1107.306},{"text":"have","start":1107.306,"end":1107.419},{"text":"we","start":1107.419,"end":1107.516},{"text":"learned?","start":1107.549,"end":1107.856}]},{"text":"Madam Chairperson, we have learned that traceability works, but it only works when it is simple, when it is credible, and when it is harmonized.","start":1108.713,"end":1119.474,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1108.713,"end":1109.021},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1109.021,"end":1109.636},{"text":"we","start":1111.609,"end":1111.69},{"text":"have","start":1111.69,"end":1111.803},{"text":"learned","start":1111.916,"end":1112.094},{"text":"that","start":1112.094,"end":1112.483},{"text":"traceability","start":1112.483,"end":1113.162},{"text":"works,","start":1113.227,"end":1113.647},{"text":"but","start":1114.117,"end":1114.214},{"text":"it","start":1114.262,"end":1114.375},{"text":"only","start":1114.44,"end":1114.586},{"text":"works","start":1114.586,"end":1115.026},{"text":"when","start":1115.417,"end":1115.547},{"text":"it","start":1115.596,"end":1115.743},{"text":"is","start":1115.743,"end":1115.808},{"text":"simple,","start":1115.906,"end":1116.329},{"text":"when","start":1117.193,"end":1117.291},{"text":"it","start":1117.307,"end":1117.454},{"text":"is","start":1117.454,"end":1117.535},{"text":"credible,","start":1117.617,"end":1118.106},{"text":"and","start":1118.757,"end":1118.823},{"text":"when","start":1118.904,"end":1119.002},{"text":"it","start":1119.002,"end":1119.1},{"text":"is","start":1119.1,"end":1119.181},{"text":"harmonized.","start":1119.23,"end":1119.474}]},{"text":"We have learned that artisanal miners are not actually the problem.","start":1120.59,"end":1124.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1120.59,"end":1120.67},{"text":"have","start":1120.687,"end":1120.864},{"text":"learned","start":1120.864,"end":1121.042},{"text":"that","start":1121.042,"end":1121.252},{"text":"artisanal","start":1121.269,"end":1121.738},{"text":"miners","start":1121.738,"end":1122.126},{"text":"are","start":1122.886,"end":1122.983},{"text":"not","start":1122.983,"end":1123.225},{"text":"actually","start":1123.225,"end":1123.549},{"text":"the","start":1123.549,"end":1123.629},{"text":"problem.","start":1123.694,"end":1124.05}]},{"text":"We have learned that they are the solution, in fact, and we have learned that regional mechanisms are only as strong as international support behind them.","start":1124.988,"end":1133.543,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1124.988,"end":1125.085},{"text":"have","start":1125.085,"end":1125.182},{"text":"learned","start":1125.295,"end":1125.602},{"text":"that","start":1125.634,"end":1125.958},{"text":"they","start":1125.958,"end":1126.039},{"text":"are","start":1126.265,"end":1126.297},{"text":"the","start":1126.297,"end":1126.378},{"text":"solution,","start":1126.427,"end":1126.831},{"text":"in","start":1126.847,"end":1126.976},{"text":"fact,","start":1126.993,"end":1127.494},{"text":"and","start":1128.302,"end":1128.367},{"text":"we","start":1128.383,"end":1128.48},{"text":"have","start":1128.48,"end":1128.69},{"text":"learned","start":1128.69,"end":1128.933},{"text":"that","start":1128.933,"end":1129.046},{"text":"regional","start":1129.095,"end":1129.386},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1129.386,"end":1130.081},{"text":"are","start":1130.081,"end":1130.182},{"text":"only","start":1130.182,"end":1130.394},{"text":"as","start":1130.429,"end":1130.57},{"text":"strong","start":1130.605,"end":1130.922},{"text":"as","start":1131.487,"end":1131.551},{"text":"international","start":1131.583,"end":1132.097},{"text":"support","start":1132.097,"end":1132.563},{"text":"behind","start":1133.029,"end":1133.43},{"text":"them.","start":1133.43,"end":1133.543}]},{"text":"Madam Chairperson, Excellencies, let me be a bit more precise about the regional certification mechanism, actually what it actually does.","start":1134.795,"end":1142.971,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1134.795,"end":1135.036},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1135.036,"end":1135.599},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1135.839,"end":1136.418},{"text":"let","start":1137.767,"end":1137.944},{"text":"me","start":1137.944,"end":1138.088},{"text":"be","start":1138.153,"end":1138.233},{"text":"a","start":1138.265,"end":1138.329},{"text":"bit","start":1138.329,"end":1138.554},{"text":"more","start":1138.554,"end":1138.715},{"text":"precise","start":1138.715,"end":1139.309},{"text":"about","start":1139.373,"end":1139.678},{"text":"the","start":1139.678,"end":1139.759},{"text":"regional","start":1139.775,"end":1140.064},{"text":"certification","start":1140.08,"end":1140.594},{"text":"mechanism,","start":1140.594,"end":1141.188},{"text":"actually","start":1141.461,"end":1141.911},{"text":"what","start":1141.943,"end":1142.04},{"text":"it","start":1142.104,"end":1142.329},{"text":"actually","start":1142.361,"end":1142.73},{"text":"does.","start":1142.746,"end":1142.971}]},{"text":"In brief, the regional certification mechanism is a 4-pillar framework of accountability.","start":1143.871,"end":1149.38,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1143.871,"end":1143.999},{"text":"brief,","start":1144.031,"end":1144.24},{"text":"the","start":1145.14,"end":1145.22},{"text":"regional","start":1145.22,"end":1145.541},{"text":"certification","start":1145.541,"end":1146.055},{"text":"mechanism","start":1146.104,"end":1146.65},{"text":"is","start":1147.324,"end":1147.405},{"text":"a","start":1147.405,"end":1147.469},{"text":"4-pillar","start":1147.469,"end":1147.887},{"text":"framework","start":1147.887,"end":1148.529},{"text":"of","start":1148.529,"end":1148.609},{"text":"accountability.","start":1148.609,"end":1149.38}]},{"text":"First and foremost, mine site inspections tracing minerals right from the pit where these minerals are dug from.","start":1150.135,"end":1156.737,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":1150.135,"end":1150.392},{"text":"and","start":1150.392,"end":1150.505},{"text":"foremost,","start":1150.521,"end":1151.019},{"text":"mine","start":1151.726,"end":1151.95},{"text":"site","start":1151.983,"end":1152.352},{"text":"inspections","start":1152.384,"end":1153.075},{"text":"tracing","start":1153.332,"end":1153.701},{"text":"minerals","start":1153.749,"end":1154.119},{"text":"right","start":1154.633,"end":1154.938},{"text":"from","start":1154.938,"end":1155.067},{"text":"the","start":1155.115,"end":1155.195},{"text":"pit","start":1155.34,"end":1155.741},{"text":"where","start":1155.741,"end":1155.918},{"text":"these","start":1155.918,"end":1156.046},{"text":"minerals","start":1156.143,"end":1156.448},{"text":"are","start":1156.48,"end":1156.56},{"text":"dug","start":1156.56,"end":1156.673},{"text":"from.","start":1156.673,"end":1156.737}]},{"text":"Then number 2, there is a chain of custody across borders.","start":1158.762,"end":1162.697,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Then","start":1158.762,"end":1158.875},{"text":"number","start":1158.875,"end":1159.134},{"text":"2,","start":1159.166,"end":1159.312},{"text":"there","start":1160.365,"end":1160.446},{"text":"is","start":1160.446,"end":1160.51},{"text":"a","start":1160.559,"end":1160.689},{"text":"chain","start":1160.689,"end":1161.012},{"text":"of","start":1161.012,"end":1161.077},{"text":"custody","start":1161.174,"end":1161.66},{"text":"across","start":1161.984,"end":1162.292},{"text":"borders.","start":1162.405,"end":1162.697}]},{"text":"And then number 3, a third-party audit system which is quite rigorous.","start":1163.99,"end":1169.007,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1163.99,"end":1164.087},{"text":"then","start":1164.087,"end":1164.2},{"text":"number","start":1164.2,"end":1164.426},{"text":"3,","start":1164.426,"end":1164.783},{"text":"a","start":1165.559,"end":1165.576},{"text":"third-party","start":1165.64,"end":1166.45},{"text":"audit","start":1166.773,"end":1167},{"text":"system","start":1167.016,"end":1167.469},{"text":"which","start":1167.987,"end":1168.117},{"text":"is","start":1168.23,"end":1168.359},{"text":"quite","start":1168.376,"end":1168.618},{"text":"rigorous.","start":1168.618,"end":1169.007}]},{"text":"And number 4, a regional mineral tracking database which perhaps I'll put in the recommendations.","start":1169.832,"end":1176.142,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1169.832,"end":1169.929},{"text":"number","start":1169.929,"end":1170.172},{"text":"4,","start":1170.172,"end":1170.593},{"text":"a","start":1171.046,"end":1171.062},{"text":"regional","start":1171.062,"end":1171.467},{"text":"mineral","start":1171.467,"end":1171.839},{"text":"tracking","start":1171.855,"end":1172.163},{"text":"database","start":1172.276,"end":1172.729},{"text":"which","start":1173.168,"end":1173.298},{"text":"perhaps","start":1173.477,"end":1173.835},{"text":"I'll","start":1173.835,"end":1174.208},{"text":"put","start":1174.225,"end":1174.452},{"text":"in","start":1174.452,"end":1174.517},{"text":"the","start":1174.55,"end":1174.777},{"text":"recommendations.","start":1175.346,"end":1176.142}]},{"text":"It is this regional certification mechanism— where does it operate?","start":1177.91,"end":1181.84,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1177.91,"end":1178.023},{"text":"is","start":1178.023,"end":1178.072},{"text":"this","start":1178.429,"end":1178.705},{"text":"regional","start":1178.998,"end":1179.322},{"text":"certification","start":1179.322,"end":1179.956},{"text":"mechanism—","start":1179.956,"end":1180.524},{"text":"where","start":1181.028,"end":1181.19},{"text":"does","start":1181.19,"end":1181.32},{"text":"it","start":1181.352,"end":1181.45},{"text":"operate?","start":1181.45,"end":1181.84}]},{"text":"Who has subscribed to it?","start":1182.476,"end":1183.847,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":1182.476,"end":1182.589},{"text":"has","start":1182.799,"end":1182.944},{"text":"subscribed","start":1182.976,"end":1183.525},{"text":"to","start":1183.525,"end":1183.638},{"text":"it?","start":1183.638,"end":1183.847}]},{"text":"I'm glad to report, Madam Chairperson, that it is operational amongst five member states of the right at the heart of the Great Lakes region.","start":1184.525,"end":1193.12,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":1184.525,"end":1184.67},{"text":"glad","start":1184.67,"end":1184.993},{"text":"to","start":1184.993,"end":1185.09},{"text":"report,","start":1185.09,"end":1185.412},{"text":"Madam","start":1185.541,"end":1185.799},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1185.799,"end":1186.364},{"text":"that","start":1187.235,"end":1187.348},{"text":"it","start":1187.348,"end":1187.493},{"text":"is","start":1187.493,"end":1187.574},{"text":"operational","start":1187.574,"end":1188.219},{"text":"amongst","start":1188.219,"end":1188.687},{"text":"five","start":1188.703,"end":1189.155},{"text":"member","start":1189.251,"end":1189.509},{"text":"states","start":1189.509,"end":1189.897},{"text":"of","start":1190.881,"end":1191.026},{"text":"the","start":1191.026,"end":1191.219},{"text":"right","start":1191.671,"end":1191.865},{"text":"at","start":1191.865,"end":1191.978},{"text":"the","start":1191.994,"end":1192.09},{"text":"heart","start":1192.09,"end":1192.236},{"text":"of","start":1192.236,"end":1192.316},{"text":"the","start":1192.316,"end":1192.412},{"text":"Great","start":1192.412,"end":1192.589},{"text":"Lakes","start":1192.589,"end":1192.879},{"text":"region.","start":1192.879,"end":1193.12}]},{"text":"Number one, Burundi.","start":1193.201,"end":1194.069,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1193.201,"end":1193.442},{"text":"one,","start":1193.442,"end":1193.586},{"text":"Burundi.","start":1193.699,"end":1194.069}]},{"text":"Number two, the Democratic Republic of Congo.","start":1194.809,"end":1197.253,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1194.809,"end":1195.066},{"text":"two,","start":1195.066,"end":1195.243},{"text":"the","start":1195.709,"end":1195.854},{"text":"Democratic","start":1195.854,"end":1196.336},{"text":"Republic","start":1196.336,"end":1196.755},{"text":"of","start":1196.755,"end":1196.851},{"text":"Congo.","start":1196.915,"end":1197.253}]},{"text":"Number three, the United Republic of Tanzania and Uganda.","start":1197.317,"end":1201.949,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1197.317,"end":1197.559},{"text":"three,","start":1197.559,"end":1197.88},{"text":"the","start":1198.443,"end":1198.508},{"text":"United","start":1198.508,"end":1198.829},{"text":"Republic","start":1198.829,"end":1199.247},{"text":"of","start":1199.247,"end":1199.376},{"text":"Tanzania","start":1199.408,"end":1200.051},{"text":"and","start":1200.679,"end":1201.065},{"text":"Uganda.","start":1201.724,"end":1201.949}]},{"text":"And number five, Rwanda.","start":1204.006,"end":1205.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1204.006,"end":1204.315},{"text":"number","start":1204.412,"end":1204.656},{"text":"five,","start":1204.656,"end":1205.046},{"text":"Rwanda.","start":1205.339,"end":1205.81}]},{"text":"And I'm happy also to report that as of.","start":1207.598,"end":1209.532,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1207.598,"end":1207.695},{"text":"I'm","start":1207.695,"end":1207.809},{"text":"happy","start":1207.842,"end":1208.102},{"text":"also","start":1208.102,"end":1208.264},{"text":"to","start":1208.329,"end":1208.41},{"text":"report","start":1208.41,"end":1209.044},{"text":"that","start":1209.044,"end":1209.207},{"text":"as","start":1209.288,"end":1209.353},{"text":"of.","start":1209.467,"end":1209.532}]},{"text":"Last week, and we are actively preparing onboarding of 3 more member states: Congo, Central African Republic, and Zambia.","start":1210.363,"end":1219.404,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Last","start":1210.363,"end":1210.603},{"text":"week,","start":1210.603,"end":1210.844},{"text":"and","start":1211.709,"end":1211.789},{"text":"we","start":1212.046,"end":1212.174},{"text":"are","start":1212.206,"end":1212.431},{"text":"actively","start":1212.431,"end":1212.895},{"text":"preparing","start":1213.168,"end":1213.697},{"text":"onboarding","start":1213.809,"end":1214.338},{"text":"of","start":1214.37,"end":1214.434},{"text":"3","start":1214.531,"end":1214.691},{"text":"more","start":1214.691,"end":1214.803},{"text":"member","start":1214.803,"end":1215.076},{"text":"states:","start":1215.076,"end":1215.573},{"text":"Congo,","start":1215.893,"end":1216.278},{"text":"Central","start":1217.079,"end":1217.384},{"text":"African","start":1217.4,"end":1217.705},{"text":"Republic,","start":1217.737,"end":1218.218},{"text":"and","start":1218.779,"end":1218.843},{"text":"Zambia.","start":1218.939,"end":1219.404}]},{"text":"And they have— many of them have incorporated the system into their laws and are working on regulations, so there will soon be 8.","start":1219.58,"end":1227.564,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1219.58,"end":1219.805},{"text":"they","start":1219.805,"end":1219.901},{"text":"have—","start":1219.981,"end":1220.189},{"text":"many","start":1220.767,"end":1220.943},{"text":"of","start":1220.943,"end":1221.071},{"text":"them","start":1221.103,"end":1221.231},{"text":"have","start":1221.263,"end":1221.392},{"text":"incorporated","start":1221.424,"end":1222.963},{"text":"the","start":1223.027,"end":1223.107},{"text":"system","start":1223.107,"end":1223.54},{"text":"into","start":1223.572,"end":1223.764},{"text":"their","start":1223.764,"end":1223.989},{"text":"laws","start":1223.989,"end":1224.197},{"text":"and","start":1224.373,"end":1224.47},{"text":"are","start":1224.47,"end":1224.598},{"text":"working","start":1224.614,"end":1224.806},{"text":"on","start":1224.806,"end":1224.951},{"text":"regulations,","start":1224.951,"end":1225.64},{"text":"so","start":1226.233,"end":1226.393},{"text":"there","start":1226.393,"end":1226.554},{"text":"will","start":1226.554,"end":1226.634},{"text":"soon","start":1226.634,"end":1226.922},{"text":"be","start":1226.954,"end":1227.195},{"text":"8.","start":1227.259,"end":1227.564}]},{"text":"To date, a workforce of over 70 independent third-party auditors have been accredited across 13 audit firms and tens of thousands of certificates have moved through the system.","start":1228.397,"end":1241.714,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":1228.397,"end":1228.493},{"text":"date,","start":1228.493,"end":1228.926},{"text":"a","start":1229.519,"end":1229.535},{"text":"workforce","start":1229.583,"end":1230.064},{"text":"of","start":1230.064,"end":1230.161},{"text":"over","start":1230.305,"end":1230.417},{"text":"70","start":1230.417,"end":1230.85},{"text":"independent","start":1230.882,"end":1231.699},{"text":"third-party","start":1232.068,"end":1232.533},{"text":"auditors","start":1232.549,"end":1232.934},{"text":"have","start":1232.966,"end":1233.078},{"text":"been","start":1233.126,"end":1233.206},{"text":"accredited","start":1233.928,"end":1234.617},{"text":"across","start":1235.05,"end":1235.739},{"text":"13","start":1236.159,"end":1236.468},{"text":"audit","start":1236.842,"end":1237.134},{"text":"firms","start":1237.134,"end":1237.442},{"text":"and","start":1238.108,"end":1238.336},{"text":"tens","start":1238.612,"end":1238.985},{"text":"of","start":1239.002,"end":1239.099},{"text":"thousands","start":1239.099,"end":1239.521},{"text":"of","start":1239.521,"end":1239.651},{"text":"certificates","start":1239.651,"end":1240.171},{"text":"have","start":1240.561,"end":1240.691},{"text":"moved","start":1240.805,"end":1241.048},{"text":"through","start":1241.048,"end":1241.211},{"text":"the","start":1241.211,"end":1241.292},{"text":"system.","start":1241.292,"end":1241.714}]},{"text":"In the case of DRC, more than 30,000 certificates have been issued through this system to date.","start":1242.266,"end":1248.209,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1242.266,"end":1242.315},{"text":"the","start":1242.347,"end":1242.51},{"text":"case","start":1242.51,"end":1242.737},{"text":"of","start":1242.737,"end":1242.786},{"text":"DRC,","start":1242.835,"end":1243.257},{"text":"more","start":1243.96,"end":1244.073},{"text":"than","start":1244.073,"end":1244.186},{"text":"30,000","start":1244.299,"end":1245.204},{"text":"certificates","start":1245.204,"end":1245.689},{"text":"have","start":1246.012,"end":1246.141},{"text":"been","start":1246.189,"end":1246.383},{"text":"issued","start":1246.416,"end":1246.674},{"text":"through","start":1246.739,"end":1246.9},{"text":"this","start":1246.9,"end":1247.046},{"text":"system","start":1247.046,"end":1247.401},{"text":"to","start":1247.854,"end":1247.951},{"text":"date.","start":1247.951,"end":1248.209}]},{"text":"Let me be even more specific.","start":1249.405,"end":1250.94,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1249.405,"end":1249.648},{"text":"me","start":1249.648,"end":1249.874},{"text":"be","start":1249.874,"end":1250.051},{"text":"even","start":1250.051,"end":1250.262},{"text":"more","start":1250.294,"end":1250.391},{"text":"specific.","start":1250.391,"end":1250.94}]},{"text":"The regional certification mechanism, Madam Chairperson, has enabled the certification of over a million tonnes of tin, tantalum, and tungsten and gold.","start":1252.62,"end":1260.798,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1252.62,"end":1252.652},{"text":"regional","start":1252.652,"end":1252.958},{"text":"certification","start":1252.958,"end":1253.394},{"text":"mechanism,","start":1253.394,"end":1253.845},{"text":"Madam","start":1253.862,"end":1254.071},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1254.168,"end":1254.684},{"text":"has","start":1254.733,"end":1254.797},{"text":"enabled","start":1254.991,"end":1255.555},{"text":"the","start":1255.555,"end":1255.636},{"text":"certification","start":1255.636,"end":1256.362},{"text":"of","start":1256.362,"end":1256.491},{"text":"over","start":1256.684,"end":1256.975},{"text":"a","start":1257.314,"end":1257.346},{"text":"million","start":1257.346,"end":1257.701},{"text":"tonnes","start":1257.814,"end":1258.185},{"text":"of","start":1258.217,"end":1258.346},{"text":"tin,","start":1258.443,"end":1258.572},{"text":"tantalum,","start":1259.201,"end":1259.685},{"text":"and","start":1259.749,"end":1259.814},{"text":"tungsten","start":1259.911,"end":1260.314},{"text":"and","start":1260.314,"end":1260.443},{"text":"gold.","start":1260.475,"end":1260.798}]},{"text":"In order for these minerals to flow through legitimate, transparent supply chains that provide livelihoods for hundreds of thousands of artisanal miners and their families.","start":1261.462,"end":1272.21,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1261.462,"end":1261.51},{"text":"order","start":1261.703,"end":1261.88},{"text":"for","start":1261.928,"end":1262.024},{"text":"these","start":1262.024,"end":1262.153},{"text":"minerals","start":1262.249,"end":1262.555},{"text":"to","start":1262.667,"end":1262.812},{"text":"flow","start":1262.812,"end":1263.085},{"text":"through","start":1263.23,"end":1263.455},{"text":"legitimate,","start":1263.455,"end":1264.29},{"text":"transparent","start":1264.982,"end":1265.85},{"text":"supply","start":1266.605,"end":1266.959},{"text":"chains","start":1267.071,"end":1267.296},{"text":"that","start":1267.328,"end":1267.457},{"text":"provide","start":1267.489,"end":1267.987},{"text":"livelihoods","start":1268.035,"end":1268.614},{"text":"for","start":1268.919,"end":1269.08},{"text":"hundreds","start":1269.08,"end":1269.498},{"text":"of","start":1269.498,"end":1269.562},{"text":"thousands","start":1269.562,"end":1270.044},{"text":"of","start":1270.044,"end":1270.157},{"text":"artisanal","start":1270.27,"end":1270.609},{"text":"miners","start":1270.609,"end":1270.997},{"text":"and","start":1271.499,"end":1271.596},{"text":"their","start":1271.596,"end":1271.758},{"text":"families.","start":1271.758,"end":1272.21}]},{"text":"Chairperson, Excellencies, I think I would be less candid if I did not acknowledge that there are challenges, as the Chairperson has rightly pointed out.","start":1273.213,"end":1283.008,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1273.213,"end":1273.779},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1274.507,"end":1275.122},{"text":"I","start":1276.61,"end":1276.691},{"text":"think","start":1276.691,"end":1276.933},{"text":"I","start":1276.933,"end":1276.966},{"text":"would","start":1276.982,"end":1277.16},{"text":"be","start":1277.16,"end":1277.37},{"text":"less","start":1277.483,"end":1277.693},{"text":"candid","start":1277.726,"end":1278.082},{"text":"if","start":1278.373,"end":1278.421},{"text":"I","start":1278.551,"end":1278.583},{"text":"did","start":1278.631,"end":1278.809},{"text":"not","start":1278.809,"end":1279.036},{"text":"acknowledge","start":1279.117,"end":1279.553},{"text":"that","start":1279.829,"end":1280.072},{"text":"there","start":1280.072,"end":1280.153},{"text":"are","start":1280.153,"end":1280.251},{"text":"challenges,","start":1280.251,"end":1280.705},{"text":"as","start":1281.305,"end":1281.402},{"text":"the","start":1281.402,"end":1281.532},{"text":"Chairperson","start":1281.532,"end":1281.954},{"text":"has","start":1281.954,"end":1282.084},{"text":"rightly","start":1282.116,"end":1282.44},{"text":"pointed","start":1282.44,"end":1282.862},{"text":"out.","start":1282.862,"end":1283.008}]},{"text":"There are challenges that remain, and I want to frame this not only as challenges but as opportunities for strengthened partnership.","start":1283.9,"end":1292.807,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":1283.9,"end":1283.965},{"text":"are","start":1283.965,"end":1284.046},{"text":"challenges","start":1284.046,"end":1284.517},{"text":"that","start":1284.533,"end":1284.711},{"text":"remain,","start":1284.711,"end":1285.003},{"text":"and","start":1285.83,"end":1285.944},{"text":"I","start":1285.993,"end":1286.057},{"text":"want","start":1286.074,"end":1286.317},{"text":"to","start":1286.317,"end":1286.398},{"text":"frame","start":1286.398,"end":1286.641},{"text":"this","start":1286.804,"end":1287.112},{"text":"not","start":1287.352,"end":1287.577},{"text":"only","start":1287.657,"end":1287.801},{"text":"as","start":1287.818,"end":1287.882},{"text":"challenges","start":1287.994,"end":1288.507},{"text":"but","start":1289.197,"end":1289.454},{"text":"as","start":1289.743,"end":1289.807},{"text":"opportunities","start":1289.839,"end":1290.689},{"text":"for","start":1291.026,"end":1291.123},{"text":"strengthened","start":1291.123,"end":1291.812},{"text":"partnership.","start":1292.326,"end":1292.807}]},{"text":"Number one, fragmentation, which the Chairperson very, very candidly put across, and as such I shall not be in detail.","start":1293.529,"end":1300.316,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1293.529,"end":1293.77},{"text":"one,","start":1293.834,"end":1293.978},{"text":"fragmentation,","start":1294.315,"end":1295.021},{"text":"which","start":1295.454,"end":1295.583},{"text":"the","start":1295.615,"end":1295.695},{"text":"Chairperson","start":1295.695,"end":1296.305},{"text":"very,","start":1296.802,"end":1296.963},{"text":"very","start":1296.979,"end":1297.267},{"text":"candidly","start":1297.299,"end":1297.781},{"text":"put","start":1297.781,"end":1298.086},{"text":"across,","start":1298.086,"end":1298.519},{"text":"and","start":1298.824,"end":1298.888},{"text":"as","start":1298.968,"end":1299.032},{"text":"such","start":1299.064,"end":1299.225},{"text":"I","start":1299.289,"end":1299.305},{"text":"shall","start":1299.305,"end":1299.562},{"text":"not","start":1299.562,"end":1299.834},{"text":"be","start":1299.85,"end":1299.947},{"text":"in","start":1299.947,"end":1300.027},{"text":"detail.","start":1300.027,"end":1300.316}]},{"text":"There are now multiple competing traceability schemes, all well-intentioned but admittedly fragmented.","start":1301.695,"end":1307.808,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":1301.695,"end":1301.776},{"text":"are","start":1301.776,"end":1301.888},{"text":"now","start":1301.888,"end":1302.048},{"text":"multiple","start":1302.129,"end":1302.546},{"text":"competing","start":1302.578,"end":1302.995},{"text":"traceability","start":1302.995,"end":1303.621},{"text":"schemes,","start":1303.621,"end":1304.006},{"text":"all","start":1304.503,"end":1304.664},{"text":"well-intentioned","start":1304.664,"end":1305.771},{"text":"but","start":1306.124,"end":1306.3},{"text":"admittedly","start":1306.3,"end":1306.91},{"text":"fragmented.","start":1307.231,"end":1307.808}]},{"text":"They impose a crushing burden on artisanal small-scale miners who are asked to comply with half a dozen different standards while living in remote villages without electricity.","start":1308.835,"end":1319.97,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":1308.835,"end":1308.963},{"text":"impose","start":1308.995,"end":1309.381},{"text":"a","start":1309.573,"end":1309.589},{"text":"crushing","start":1309.717,"end":1310.022},{"text":"burden","start":1310.119,"end":1310.423},{"text":"on","start":1310.536,"end":1310.584},{"text":"artisanal","start":1310.696,"end":1311.177},{"text":"small-scale","start":1311.177,"end":1311.691},{"text":"miners","start":1312.124,"end":1312.509},{"text":"who","start":1312.863,"end":1312.912},{"text":"are","start":1312.928,"end":1313.122},{"text":"asked","start":1313.186,"end":1313.412},{"text":"to","start":1313.412,"end":1313.509},{"text":"comply","start":1313.509,"end":1314.059},{"text":"with","start":1314.462,"end":1314.592},{"text":"half","start":1314.624,"end":1314.898},{"text":"a","start":1314.898,"end":1315.028},{"text":"dozen","start":1315.028,"end":1315.432},{"text":"different","start":1315.432,"end":1315.69},{"text":"standards","start":1315.69,"end":1316.271},{"text":"while","start":1316.804,"end":1316.934},{"text":"living","start":1317.063,"end":1317.354},{"text":"in","start":1317.402,"end":1317.531},{"text":"remote","start":1317.531,"end":1317.806},{"text":"villages","start":1317.935,"end":1318.404},{"text":"without","start":1318.904,"end":1319.26},{"text":"electricity.","start":1319.26,"end":1319.97}]},{"text":"I must add, Excellencies, that this is not just inefficient, it is unjust.","start":1321.37,"end":1328.578,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1321.37,"end":1321.402},{"text":"must","start":1321.402,"end":1321.789},{"text":"add,","start":1321.869,"end":1321.982},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":1323.079,"end":1323.708},{"text":"that","start":1325.256,"end":1325.498},{"text":"this","start":1325.498,"end":1325.675},{"text":"is","start":1325.675,"end":1325.804},{"text":"not","start":1325.82,"end":1325.933},{"text":"just","start":1325.982,"end":1326.191},{"text":"inefficient,","start":1326.32,"end":1327.046},{"text":"it","start":1327.788,"end":1327.997},{"text":"is","start":1327.997,"end":1328.062},{"text":"unjust.","start":1328.255,"end":1328.578}]},{"text":"Number 2, persistent illicit flows, which we have so much talked about.","start":1330.31,"end":1335.063,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1330.31,"end":1330.423},{"text":"2,","start":1330.423,"end":1330.601},{"text":"persistent","start":1330.827,"end":1331.36},{"text":"illicit","start":1331.457,"end":1331.732},{"text":"flows,","start":1331.781,"end":1332.007},{"text":"which","start":1332.929,"end":1333.058},{"text":"we","start":1333.656,"end":1333.802},{"text":"have","start":1333.802,"end":1333.947},{"text":"so","start":1333.98,"end":1334.158},{"text":"much","start":1334.158,"end":1334.352},{"text":"talked","start":1334.449,"end":1334.707},{"text":"about.","start":1334.707,"end":1335.063}]},{"text":"In the Democratic Republic of Congo, Official exports from conflict-affected zones remain stubbornly low, yet artisanal gold production is booming, and across the region for that matter.","start":1336.47,"end":1349.901,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1336.47,"end":1336.551},{"text":"the","start":1336.551,"end":1336.631},{"text":"Democratic","start":1336.648,"end":1337.133},{"text":"Republic","start":1337.133,"end":1337.537},{"text":"of","start":1337.537,"end":1337.666},{"text":"Congo,","start":1337.698,"end":1337.957},{"text":"Official","start":1338.312,"end":1338.698},{"text":"exports","start":1338.698,"end":1339.18},{"text":"from","start":1339.18,"end":1339.277},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":1339.357,"end":1340.45},{"text":"zones","start":1340.547,"end":1341.013},{"text":"remain","start":1341.125,"end":1341.479},{"text":"stubbornly","start":1342.556,"end":1343.263},{"text":"low,","start":1343.858,"end":1344.019},{"text":"yet","start":1344.807,"end":1344.999},{"text":"artisanal","start":1345.08,"end":1345.594},{"text":"gold","start":1345.626,"end":1345.916},{"text":"production","start":1346.012,"end":1346.527},{"text":"is","start":1346.607,"end":1346.72},{"text":"booming,","start":1346.752,"end":1347.042},{"text":"and","start":1347.802,"end":1347.947},{"text":"across","start":1347.947,"end":1348.448},{"text":"the","start":1348.593,"end":1348.674},{"text":"region","start":1348.674,"end":1349.061},{"text":"for","start":1349.255,"end":1349.368},{"text":"that","start":1349.368,"end":1349.578},{"text":"matter.","start":1349.578,"end":1349.901}]},{"text":"An estimated 80 to 90%, depending on which report you are reading— some go as far as 98%— of that artisanal gold is undeclared, smuggled out, and lost to shadow networks.","start":1350.385,"end":1362.344,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"An","start":1350.385,"end":1350.531},{"text":"estimated","start":1350.531,"end":1351.048},{"text":"80","start":1351.193,"end":1351.451},{"text":"to","start":1351.5,"end":1351.564},{"text":"90%,","start":1351.597,"end":1351.855},{"text":"depending","start":1351.92,"end":1352.986},{"text":"on","start":1352.986,"end":1353.115},{"text":"which","start":1353.115,"end":1353.179},{"text":"report","start":1353.292,"end":1353.615},{"text":"you","start":1353.615,"end":1353.696},{"text":"are","start":1353.696,"end":1353.777},{"text":"reading—","start":1353.777,"end":1354.068},{"text":"some","start":1354.423,"end":1354.665},{"text":"go","start":1354.665,"end":1354.778},{"text":"as","start":1354.81,"end":1354.875},{"text":"far","start":1354.988,"end":1355.133},{"text":"as","start":1355.133,"end":1355.198},{"text":"98%—","start":1355.392,"end":1356.249},{"text":"of","start":1356.669,"end":1356.717},{"text":"that","start":1356.766,"end":1356.992},{"text":"artisanal","start":1356.992,"end":1357.413},{"text":"gold","start":1357.413,"end":1357.833},{"text":"is","start":1358.124,"end":1358.189},{"text":"undeclared,","start":1358.383,"end":1358.916},{"text":"smuggled","start":1359.579,"end":1360.145},{"text":"out,","start":1360.145,"end":1360.452},{"text":"and","start":1360.872,"end":1361.034},{"text":"lost","start":1361.05,"end":1361.39},{"text":"to","start":1361.39,"end":1361.503},{"text":"shadow","start":1361.519,"end":1361.778},{"text":"networks.","start":1361.842,"end":1362.344}]},{"text":"The case is not different in many countries.","start":1363.071,"end":1364.736,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1363.071,"end":1363.152},{"text":"case","start":1363.233,"end":1363.556},{"text":"is","start":1363.556,"end":1363.685},{"text":"not","start":1363.702,"end":1363.847},{"text":"different","start":1363.879,"end":1364.364},{"text":"in","start":1364.364,"end":1364.429},{"text":"many","start":1364.445,"end":1364.558},{"text":"countries.","start":1364.558,"end":1364.736}]},{"text":"We are not just losing revenue, we are losing peace because every ounce of gold that slips through the cracks can buy a bullet, it can sustain militias, and it can undermine state security.","start":1365.754,"end":1378.683,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1365.754,"end":1365.85},{"text":"are","start":1365.85,"end":1365.915},{"text":"not","start":1365.915,"end":1366.075},{"text":"just","start":1366.075,"end":1366.397},{"text":"losing","start":1366.397,"end":1366.605},{"text":"revenue,","start":1366.702,"end":1367.103},{"text":"we","start":1368.083,"end":1368.163},{"text":"are","start":1368.244,"end":1368.404},{"text":"losing","start":1368.484,"end":1368.774},{"text":"peace","start":1368.886,"end":1369.143},{"text":"because","start":1369.432,"end":1369.673},{"text":"every","start":1369.834,"end":1370.058},{"text":"ounce","start":1370.155,"end":1370.331},{"text":"of","start":1370.331,"end":1370.46},{"text":"gold","start":1370.492,"end":1370.813},{"text":"that","start":1370.813,"end":1370.974},{"text":"slips","start":1370.974,"end":1371.359},{"text":"through","start":1371.359,"end":1371.52},{"text":"the","start":1371.777,"end":1371.938},{"text":"cracks","start":1371.938,"end":1372.243},{"text":"can","start":1372.821,"end":1372.949},{"text":"buy","start":1373.062,"end":1373.158},{"text":"a","start":1373.881,"end":1374.009},{"text":"bullet,","start":1374.009,"end":1374.347},{"text":"it","start":1374.909,"end":1374.989},{"text":"can","start":1375.005,"end":1375.118},{"text":"sustain","start":1375.15,"end":1375.599},{"text":"militias,","start":1375.872,"end":1376.322},{"text":"and","start":1376.981,"end":1377.173},{"text":"it","start":1377.173,"end":1377.254},{"text":"can","start":1377.254,"end":1377.446},{"text":"undermine","start":1377.479,"end":1377.96},{"text":"state","start":1377.96,"end":1378.266},{"text":"security.","start":1378.266,"end":1378.683}]},{"text":"Number 3, enforcement gaps.","start":1379.647,"end":1381.574,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1379.647,"end":1379.904},{"text":"3,","start":1379.904,"end":1380.241},{"text":"enforcement","start":1380.675,"end":1381.173},{"text":"gaps.","start":1381.173,"end":1381.574}]},{"text":"Coordination between global, regional, and national mechanisms remain inadequate.","start":1382.618,"end":1386.473,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Coordination","start":1382.618,"end":1383.1},{"text":"between","start":1383.1,"end":1383.357},{"text":"global,","start":1383.485,"end":1383.871},{"text":"regional,","start":1384.048,"end":1384.272},{"text":"and","start":1384.288,"end":1384.385},{"text":"national","start":1384.385,"end":1384.674},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1384.674,"end":1385.413},{"text":"remain","start":1385.413,"end":1385.718},{"text":"inadequate.","start":1385.911,"end":1386.473}]},{"text":"Some initiatives have become ineffective even as illegal exploitation persists.","start":1387.099,"end":1392.56,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":1387.099,"end":1387.292},{"text":"initiatives","start":1387.292,"end":1387.806},{"text":"have","start":1388.223,"end":1388.352},{"text":"become","start":1388.4,"end":1388.657},{"text":"ineffective","start":1388.721,"end":1389.332},{"text":"even","start":1390.343,"end":1390.552},{"text":"as","start":1390.713,"end":1390.777},{"text":"illegal","start":1390.889,"end":1391.339},{"text":"exploitation","start":1391.42,"end":1392.062},{"text":"persists.","start":1392.078,"end":1392.56}]},{"text":"But these challenges are solvable.","start":1393.283,"end":1395.178,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":1393.283,"end":1393.379},{"text":"these","start":1393.379,"end":1393.508},{"text":"challenges","start":1393.604,"end":1394.118},{"text":"are","start":1394.568,"end":1394.664},{"text":"solvable.","start":1394.664,"end":1395.178}]},{"text":"That's the good news.","start":1395.226,"end":1395.917,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":1395.226,"end":1395.451},{"text":"the","start":1395.451,"end":1395.548},{"text":"good","start":1395.548,"end":1395.708},{"text":"news.","start":1395.708,"end":1395.917}]},{"text":"With strengthened international support, technical assistance, capacity building, and harmonized standards, we can close these gaps.","start":1397.395,"end":1405.137,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":1397.395,"end":1397.555},{"text":"strengthened","start":1397.555,"end":1398.053},{"text":"international","start":1398.053,"end":1398.535},{"text":"support,","start":1398.535,"end":1399.033},{"text":"technical","start":1399.644,"end":1400.045},{"text":"assistance,","start":1400.045,"end":1400.591},{"text":"capacity","start":1400.768,"end":1401.17},{"text":"building,","start":1401.234,"end":1401.539},{"text":"and","start":1401.651,"end":1401.716},{"text":"harmonized","start":1401.732,"end":1402.182},{"text":"standards,","start":1402.198,"end":1402.631},{"text":"we","start":1403.74,"end":1403.884},{"text":"can","start":1403.884,"end":1404.013},{"text":"close","start":1404.221,"end":1404.43},{"text":"these","start":1404.462,"end":1404.591},{"text":"gaps.","start":1404.703,"end":1405.137}]},{"text":"The solutions exist, and we have proven that in some cases.","start":1405.571,"end":1408.848,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1405.571,"end":1405.651},{"text":"solutions","start":1405.651,"end":1406.165},{"text":"exist,","start":1406.165,"end":1406.711},{"text":"and","start":1407.193,"end":1407.257},{"text":"we","start":1407.338,"end":1407.402},{"text":"have","start":1407.418,"end":1407.563},{"text":"proven","start":1407.579,"end":1407.916},{"text":"that","start":1407.916,"end":1408.109},{"text":"in","start":1408.141,"end":1408.189},{"text":"some","start":1408.237,"end":1408.398},{"text":"cases.","start":1408.462,"end":1408.848}]},{"text":"As I head towards my conclusion, Madam Chairperson, let me briefly talk about how better can we coordinate these efforts.","start":1409.763,"end":1416.927,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":1409.763,"end":1409.908},{"text":"I","start":1409.908,"end":1410.004},{"text":"head","start":1410.004,"end":1410.165},{"text":"towards","start":1410.165,"end":1410.454},{"text":"my","start":1410.47,"end":1410.566},{"text":"conclusion,","start":1410.566,"end":1411.096},{"text":"Madam","start":1411.209,"end":1411.53},{"text":"Chairperson,","start":1411.53,"end":1412.108},{"text":"let","start":1412.799,"end":1412.976},{"text":"me","start":1412.976,"end":1413.056},{"text":"briefly","start":1413.136,"end":1413.506},{"text":"talk","start":1413.779,"end":1413.955},{"text":"about","start":1413.955,"end":1414.261},{"text":"how","start":1414.261,"end":1414.453},{"text":"better","start":1414.646,"end":1414.823},{"text":"can","start":1414.887,"end":1415.032},{"text":"we","start":1415.064,"end":1415.289},{"text":"coordinate","start":1416.188,"end":1416.654},{"text":"these","start":1416.654,"end":1416.766},{"text":"efforts.","start":1416.766,"end":1416.927}]},{"text":"Firstly, we believe that the solutions to the remaining challenges lie in harmonization, not in duplication and not in competition.","start":1417.088,"end":1426.91,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Firstly,","start":1417.088,"end":1418.482},{"text":"we","start":1419.235,"end":1419.395},{"text":"believe","start":1419.395,"end":1419.764},{"text":"that","start":1419.796,"end":1420.18},{"text":"the","start":1420.18,"end":1420.26},{"text":"solutions","start":1420.26,"end":1420.805},{"text":"to","start":1420.837,"end":1420.981},{"text":"the","start":1420.981,"end":1421.062},{"text":"remaining","start":1421.062,"end":1421.366},{"text":"challenges","start":1421.462,"end":1421.911},{"text":"lie","start":1422.359,"end":1422.472},{"text":"in","start":1422.6,"end":1422.728},{"text":"harmonization,","start":1422.744,"end":1423.449},{"text":"not","start":1424.106,"end":1424.362},{"text":"in","start":1424.507,"end":1424.555},{"text":"duplication","start":1424.603,"end":1425.372},{"text":"and","start":1425.805,"end":1425.869},{"text":"not","start":1425.901,"end":1426.141},{"text":"in","start":1426.189,"end":1426.253},{"text":"competition.","start":1426.285,"end":1426.91}]},{"text":"We just have to align existing frameworks— the Kimberley Process, the OECD guidelines, the UN sanctions regimes, and our own regional certification mechanism in the region— in a more coherent system.","start":1427.487,"end":1440.066,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1427.487,"end":1427.647},{"text":"just","start":1427.647,"end":1428.224},{"text":"have","start":1428.288,"end":1428.497},{"text":"to","start":1428.593,"end":1428.673},{"text":"align","start":1428.753,"end":1429.154},{"text":"existing","start":1429.154,"end":1429.538},{"text":"frameworks—","start":1429.57,"end":1430.227},{"text":"the","start":1431.012,"end":1431.157},{"text":"Kimberley","start":1431.157,"end":1431.493},{"text":"Process,","start":1431.557,"end":1431.926},{"text":"the","start":1432.054,"end":1432.198},{"text":"OECD","start":1432.278,"end":1432.775},{"text":"guidelines,","start":1432.839,"end":1433.336},{"text":"the","start":1433.368,"end":1433.48},{"text":"UN","start":1433.48,"end":1433.704},{"text":"sanctions","start":1433.817,"end":1434.393},{"text":"regimes,","start":1434.618,"end":1435.034},{"text":"and","start":1435.499,"end":1435.563},{"text":"our","start":1435.595,"end":1435.804},{"text":"own","start":1435.964,"end":1436.028},{"text":"regional","start":1436.124,"end":1436.38},{"text":"certification","start":1436.38,"end":1436.957},{"text":"mechanism","start":1436.957,"end":1437.438},{"text":"in","start":1437.438,"end":1437.486},{"text":"the","start":1437.502,"end":1437.662},{"text":"region—","start":1437.662,"end":1437.935},{"text":"in","start":1438.367,"end":1438.431},{"text":"a","start":1438.464,"end":1438.48},{"text":"more","start":1438.48,"end":1438.784},{"text":"coherent","start":1438.784,"end":1439.473},{"text":"system.","start":1439.729,"end":1440.066}]},{"text":"We must ensure that value addition happens where the minerals are mined as much as possible.","start":1440.787,"end":1446.316,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1440.787,"end":1440.915},{"text":"must","start":1440.931,"end":1441.188},{"text":"ensure","start":1441.268,"end":1441.764},{"text":"that","start":1442.069,"end":1442.245},{"text":"value","start":1442.389,"end":1442.646},{"text":"addition","start":1442.71,"end":1443.159},{"text":"happens","start":1443.255,"end":1443.639},{"text":"where","start":1443.977,"end":1444.154},{"text":"the","start":1444.154,"end":1444.251},{"text":"minerals","start":1444.251,"end":1444.655},{"text":"are","start":1444.8,"end":1444.945},{"text":"mined","start":1444.961,"end":1445.332},{"text":"as","start":1445.365,"end":1445.494},{"text":"much","start":1445.526,"end":1445.703},{"text":"as","start":1445.752,"end":1445.897},{"text":"possible.","start":1445.913,"end":1446.316}]},{"text":"Because why should a conflict-free mineral from any of the countries in the Great Lakes region all be processed from beginning to end in a factory far from source while the people who dug them out still lack clean water, water and basic sanitation?","start":1447.059,"end":1462.768,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":1447.059,"end":1447.349},{"text":"why","start":1447.446,"end":1447.543},{"text":"should","start":1447.623,"end":1447.801},{"text":"a","start":1447.801,"end":1447.817},{"text":"conflict-free","start":1447.865,"end":1448.43},{"text":"mineral","start":1448.43,"end":1448.882},{"text":"from","start":1449.237,"end":1449.398},{"text":"any","start":1449.543,"end":1449.721},{"text":"of","start":1449.721,"end":1449.802},{"text":"the","start":1449.802,"end":1449.882},{"text":"countries","start":1449.882,"end":1450.334},{"text":"in","start":1450.608,"end":1450.657},{"text":"the","start":1450.689,"end":1450.85},{"text":"Great","start":1450.85,"end":1451.076},{"text":"Lakes","start":1451.076,"end":1451.318},{"text":"region","start":1451.318,"end":1451.625},{"text":"all","start":1452.367,"end":1452.415},{"text":"be","start":1452.69,"end":1452.867},{"text":"processed","start":1452.867,"end":1453.448},{"text":"from","start":1453.577,"end":1453.69},{"text":"beginning","start":1453.755,"end":1454.045},{"text":"to","start":1454.078,"end":1454.207},{"text":"end","start":1454.304,"end":1454.611},{"text":"in","start":1455.046,"end":1455.095},{"text":"a","start":1455.143,"end":1455.16},{"text":"factory","start":1455.208,"end":1455.741},{"text":"far","start":1456.015,"end":1456.257},{"text":"from","start":1456.257,"end":1456.467},{"text":"source","start":1456.516,"end":1456.806},{"text":"while","start":1457.856,"end":1458.034},{"text":"the","start":1458.034,"end":1458.195},{"text":"people","start":1458.195,"end":1458.486},{"text":"who","start":1458.502,"end":1458.534},{"text":"dug","start":1458.599,"end":1458.76},{"text":"them","start":1458.825,"end":1458.938},{"text":"out","start":1459.067,"end":1459.358},{"text":"still","start":1459.39,"end":1459.681},{"text":"lack","start":1459.955,"end":1460.213},{"text":"clean","start":1460.213,"end":1460.407},{"text":"water,","start":1460.52,"end":1460.795},{"text":"water","start":1461.328,"end":1461.715},{"text":"and","start":1461.747,"end":1461.909},{"text":"basic","start":1461.973,"end":1462.2},{"text":"sanitation?","start":1462.2,"end":1462.768}]},{"text":"Are we not concerned about SDG number 1?","start":1463.516,"end":1465.612,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":1463.516,"end":1463.597},{"text":"we","start":1463.597,"end":1463.63},{"text":"not","start":1463.63,"end":1463.873},{"text":"concerned","start":1463.873,"end":1464.426},{"text":"about","start":1464.426,"end":1464.767},{"text":"SDG","start":1464.767,"end":1465.238},{"text":"number","start":1465.238,"end":1465.482},{"text":"1?","start":1465.547,"end":1465.612}]},{"text":"This is a gap we must close.","start":1467.335,"end":1468.602,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1467.335,"end":1467.513},{"text":"is","start":1467.513,"end":1467.611},{"text":"a","start":1467.611,"end":1467.757},{"text":"gap","start":1467.757,"end":1468.001},{"text":"we","start":1468.001,"end":1468.147},{"text":"must","start":1468.147,"end":1468.391},{"text":"close.","start":1468.391,"end":1468.602}]},{"text":"This is a normative pride— bridge we must build, and based on our experience, I lastly, in my conclusion, offer 5 recommendations very quickly.","start":1469.442,"end":1477.888,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1469.442,"end":1469.586},{"text":"is","start":1469.602,"end":1469.683},{"text":"a","start":1469.683,"end":1469.699},{"text":"normative","start":1469.747,"end":1470.181},{"text":"pride—","start":1470.245,"end":1470.534},{"text":"bridge","start":1470.951,"end":1471.256},{"text":"we","start":1471.272,"end":1471.369},{"text":"must","start":1471.369,"end":1471.674},{"text":"build,","start":1471.674,"end":1471.899},{"text":"and","start":1472.493,"end":1472.557},{"text":"based","start":1472.717,"end":1472.894},{"text":"on","start":1472.894,"end":1472.974},{"text":"our","start":1472.974,"end":1473.119},{"text":"experience,","start":1473.119,"end":1473.777},{"text":"I","start":1474.243,"end":1474.291},{"text":"lastly,","start":1474.725,"end":1475.078},{"text":"in","start":1475.11,"end":1475.142},{"text":"my","start":1475.142,"end":1475.303},{"text":"conclusion,","start":1475.303,"end":1475.913},{"text":"offer","start":1476.33,"end":1476.491},{"text":"5","start":1476.491,"end":1476.732},{"text":"recommendations","start":1476.732,"end":1477.358},{"text":"very","start":1477.39,"end":1477.55},{"text":"quickly.","start":1477.615,"end":1477.888}]},{"text":"One, we must build on existing precedents, and I need not emphasize because you are experts in this area.","start":1478.353,"end":1488.373,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"One,","start":1478.353,"end":1478.562},{"text":"we","start":1479.477,"end":1479.606},{"text":"must","start":1479.622,"end":1479.895},{"text":"build","start":1480.023,"end":1480.457},{"text":"on","start":1481.565,"end":1481.725},{"text":"existing","start":1481.725,"end":1482.255},{"text":"precedents,","start":1482.833,"end":1483.379},{"text":"and","start":1484.358,"end":1484.471},{"text":"I","start":1484.519,"end":1484.567},{"text":"need","start":1484.68,"end":1484.808},{"text":"not","start":1484.872,"end":1485.177},{"text":"emphasize","start":1485.177,"end":1485.788},{"text":"because","start":1486.783,"end":1487.072},{"text":"you","start":1487.088,"end":1487.168},{"text":"are","start":1487.168,"end":1487.265},{"text":"experts","start":1487.265,"end":1487.618},{"text":"in","start":1487.666,"end":1487.762},{"text":"this","start":1487.762,"end":1487.987},{"text":"area.","start":1488.052,"end":1488.373}]},{"text":"This Council already gave us Resolution 2417 in 2018, and Resolution 2457 in 2019, and these created the normative vocabulary that we so much need.","start":1488.533,"end":1502.358,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1488.533,"end":1488.71},{"text":"Council","start":1488.71,"end":1489.288},{"text":"already","start":1489.737,"end":1490.01},{"text":"gave","start":1490.059,"end":1490.299},{"text":"us","start":1490.299,"end":1490.412},{"text":"Resolution","start":1490.717,"end":1491.166},{"text":"2417","start":1491.199,"end":1492.114},{"text":"in","start":1493.366,"end":1493.414},{"text":"2018,","start":1493.527,"end":1494.217},{"text":"and","start":1494.956,"end":1495.116},{"text":"Resolution","start":1495.116,"end":1495.502},{"text":"2457","start":1495.614,"end":1497.059},{"text":"in","start":1497.14,"end":1497.188},{"text":"2019,","start":1497.3,"end":1498.071},{"text":"and","start":1498.89,"end":1498.97},{"text":"these","start":1499.066,"end":1499.195},{"text":"created","start":1499.371,"end":1499.885},{"text":"the","start":1500.19,"end":1500.271},{"text":"normative","start":1500.287,"end":1500.672},{"text":"vocabulary","start":1500.672,"end":1501.298},{"text":"that","start":1501.314,"end":1501.475},{"text":"we","start":1501.475,"end":1501.555},{"text":"so","start":1501.555,"end":1501.78},{"text":"much","start":1501.78,"end":1502.053},{"text":"need.","start":1502.053,"end":1502.358}]},{"text":"Secondly, we strengthen coordination mechanisms.","start":1502.984,"end":1506.163,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":1502.984,"end":1503.402},{"text":"we","start":1503.883,"end":1503.964},{"text":"strengthen","start":1503.98,"end":1504.413},{"text":"coordination","start":1504.59,"end":1505.601},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":1505.633,"end":1506.163}]},{"text":"We need regular briefings, joint assessments, and shared databases between the UN, regional organizations, and member states.","start":1506.838,"end":1513.903,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1506.838,"end":1506.934},{"text":"need","start":1506.934,"end":1507.239},{"text":"regular","start":1507.239,"end":1507.576},{"text":"briefings,","start":1507.576,"end":1508.058},{"text":"joint","start":1508.684,"end":1508.877},{"text":"assessments,","start":1508.877,"end":1509.487},{"text":"and","start":1509.567,"end":1509.632},{"text":"shared","start":1509.664,"end":1509.953},{"text":"databases","start":1509.985,"end":1510.595},{"text":"between","start":1511.029,"end":1511.237},{"text":"the","start":1511.285,"end":1511.398},{"text":"UN,","start":1511.414,"end":1511.719},{"text":"regional","start":1512.217,"end":1512.49},{"text":"organizations,","start":1512.49,"end":1513.164},{"text":"and","start":1513.26,"end":1513.357},{"text":"member","start":1513.357,"end":1513.598},{"text":"states.","start":1513.598,"end":1513.903}]},{"text":"Databases must not be a secret or must not be done in isolation.","start":1514.481,"end":1518.864,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Databases","start":1514.481,"end":1515.091},{"text":"must","start":1515.428,"end":1515.621},{"text":"not","start":1515.669,"end":1515.781},{"text":"be","start":1515.845,"end":1515.926},{"text":"a","start":1515.926,"end":1515.942},{"text":"secret","start":1515.942,"end":1516.504},{"text":"or","start":1517.194,"end":1517.226},{"text":"must","start":1517.226,"end":1517.467},{"text":"not","start":1517.515,"end":1517.66},{"text":"be","start":1517.692,"end":1517.917},{"text":"done","start":1518.093,"end":1518.318},{"text":"in","start":1518.318,"end":1518.382},{"text":"isolation.","start":1518.415,"end":1518.864}]},{"text":"Thirdly, Support regional ownership.","start":1519.683,"end":1522.033,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":1519.683,"end":1520.068},{"text":"Support","start":1520.808,"end":1521.276},{"text":"regional","start":1521.292,"end":1521.598},{"text":"ownership.","start":1521.694,"end":1522.033}]},{"text":"The ICGR is ready to share its 15 years of experience, but we need the international community to meet us with the same intensity.","start":1522.435,"end":1531.275,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1522.435,"end":1522.58},{"text":"ICGR","start":1522.661,"end":1523.338},{"text":"is","start":1523.885,"end":1524.046},{"text":"ready","start":1524.046,"end":1524.272},{"text":"to","start":1524.272,"end":1524.369},{"text":"share","start":1524.369,"end":1524.691},{"text":"its","start":1524.691,"end":1524.771},{"text":"15","start":1524.771,"end":1525.174},{"text":"years","start":1525.174,"end":1525.432},{"text":"of","start":1525.432,"end":1525.561},{"text":"experience,","start":1525.577,"end":1526.205},{"text":"but","start":1526.864,"end":1527.01},{"text":"we","start":1527.01,"end":1527.042},{"text":"need","start":1527.042,"end":1527.268},{"text":"the","start":1527.268,"end":1527.349},{"text":"international","start":1527.349,"end":1527.866},{"text":"community","start":1527.898,"end":1528.367},{"text":"to","start":1528.965,"end":1529.062},{"text":"meet","start":1529.062,"end":1529.433},{"text":"us","start":1529.433,"end":1529.643},{"text":"with","start":1530.015,"end":1530.161},{"text":"the","start":1530.161,"end":1530.193},{"text":"same","start":1530.193,"end":1530.468},{"text":"intensity.","start":1530.581,"end":1531.275}]},{"text":"Number 4, we must invest in artisanal mining communities.","start":1531.938,"end":1536.54,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":1531.938,"end":1532.196},{"text":"4,","start":1532.196,"end":1532.439},{"text":"we","start":1533.489,"end":1533.683},{"text":"must","start":1533.715,"end":1534.039},{"text":"invest","start":1534.039,"end":1534.539},{"text":"in","start":1534.539,"end":1534.588},{"text":"artisanal","start":1534.75,"end":1535.238},{"text":"mining","start":1535.596,"end":1535.889},{"text":"communities.","start":1535.921,"end":1536.54}]},{"text":"I speak this passionately because I myself am a son of a miner, in fact, and lived on the border of Zambia, and DRC, and I say with passion that the solution to illicit flows is not more enforcement alone; it is more opportunity.","start":1537.289,"end":1555.285,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1537.289,"end":1537.337},{"text":"speak","start":1537.386,"end":1537.647},{"text":"this","start":1537.874,"end":1538.119},{"text":"passionately","start":1538.119,"end":1538.737},{"text":"because","start":1539.258,"end":1539.551},{"text":"I","start":1539.73,"end":1539.893},{"text":"myself","start":1539.893,"end":1540.413},{"text":"am","start":1541.113,"end":1541.227},{"text":"a","start":1541.227,"end":1541.244},{"text":"son","start":1541.292,"end":1541.488},{"text":"of","start":1541.536,"end":1541.699},{"text":"a","start":1541.699,"end":1541.716},{"text":"miner,","start":1541.83,"end":1541.961},{"text":"in","start":1542.681,"end":1542.731},{"text":"fact,","start":1542.763,"end":1543.091},{"text":"and","start":1544.631,"end":1544.795},{"text":"lived","start":1544.795,"end":1545.156},{"text":"on","start":1545.205,"end":1545.254},{"text":"the","start":1545.303,"end":1545.385},{"text":"border","start":1545.45,"end":1545.762},{"text":"of","start":1545.958,"end":1546.09},{"text":"Zambia,","start":1546.306,"end":1546.644},{"text":"and","start":1546.724,"end":1546.788},{"text":"DRC,","start":1546.804,"end":1547.35},{"text":"and","start":1547.688,"end":1547.752},{"text":"I","start":1547.848,"end":1547.929},{"text":"say","start":1547.929,"end":1548.089},{"text":"with","start":1548.089,"end":1548.25},{"text":"passion","start":1548.25,"end":1548.619},{"text":"that","start":1549.374,"end":1549.535},{"text":"the","start":1549.535,"end":1549.615},{"text":"solution","start":1549.615,"end":1550.097},{"text":"to","start":1550.097,"end":1550.242},{"text":"illicit","start":1550.242,"end":1550.547},{"text":"flows","start":1550.563,"end":1550.868},{"text":"is","start":1551.302,"end":1551.43},{"text":"not","start":1552.025,"end":1552.137},{"text":"more","start":1552.249,"end":1552.426},{"text":"enforcement","start":1552.426,"end":1553.053},{"text":"alone;","start":1553.053,"end":1553.358},{"text":"it","start":1554.113,"end":1554.209},{"text":"is","start":1554.257,"end":1554.321},{"text":"more","start":1554.498,"end":1554.675},{"text":"opportunity.","start":1554.675,"end":1555.285}]},{"text":"We must invest in formalization, access to finance, and technology.","start":1555.96,"end":1560.827,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1555.96,"end":1556.088},{"text":"must","start":1556.12,"end":1556.586},{"text":"invest","start":1556.586,"end":1557.213},{"text":"in","start":1557.245,"end":1557.293},{"text":"formalization,","start":1557.406,"end":1558.177},{"text":"access","start":1558.771,"end":1559.156},{"text":"to","start":1559.156,"end":1559.253},{"text":"finance,","start":1559.253,"end":1559.702},{"text":"and","start":1560.2,"end":1560.361},{"text":"technology.","start":1560.361,"end":1560.827}]},{"text":"And fourthly, we must move forward.","start":1561.502,"end":1564.762,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1561.502,"end":1561.63},{"text":"fourthly,","start":1561.662,"end":1562.08},{"text":"we","start":1563.574,"end":1563.67},{"text":"must","start":1563.67,"end":1563.943},{"text":"move","start":1564.152,"end":1564.361},{"text":"forward.","start":1564.393,"end":1564.762}]},{"text":"Fifthly, rather, move forward to a globally coherent framework.","start":1564.939,"end":1568.473,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Fifthly,","start":1564.939,"end":1565.26},{"text":"rather,","start":1565.34,"end":1565.646},{"text":"move","start":1566.224,"end":1566.401},{"text":"forward","start":1566.401,"end":1566.818},{"text":"to","start":1566.963,"end":1567.059},{"text":"a","start":1567.059,"end":1567.188},{"text":"globally","start":1567.204,"end":1567.605},{"text":"coherent","start":1567.605,"end":1568.087},{"text":"framework.","start":1568.087,"end":1568.473}]},{"text":"The ICJ views the most realistic pathway.","start":1569.356,"end":1571.557,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1569.356,"end":1569.453},{"text":"ICJ","start":1569.517,"end":1569.95},{"text":"views","start":1570.015,"end":1570.304},{"text":"the","start":1570.4,"end":1570.481},{"text":"most","start":1570.497,"end":1570.689},{"text":"realistic","start":1570.721,"end":1571.203},{"text":"pathway.","start":1571.203,"end":1571.557}]},{"text":"As gradual, incremental in every sense, and building on the UN and regional precedents and strengthening enforcement capabilities.","start":1572.022,"end":1581.302,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":1572.022,"end":1572.151},{"text":"gradual,","start":1572.183,"end":1572.552},{"text":"incremental","start":1573.628,"end":1574.302},{"text":"in","start":1574.511,"end":1574.559},{"text":"every","start":1574.752,"end":1574.977},{"text":"sense,","start":1574.977,"end":1575.474},{"text":"and","start":1575.779,"end":1575.844},{"text":"building","start":1575.956,"end":1576.325},{"text":"on","start":1576.438,"end":1576.486},{"text":"the","start":1576.518,"end":1576.662},{"text":"UN","start":1576.662,"end":1577.048},{"text":"and","start":1577.321,"end":1577.401},{"text":"regional","start":1577.465,"end":1577.802},{"text":"precedents","start":1577.802,"end":1578.428},{"text":"and","start":1578.926,"end":1578.99},{"text":"strengthening","start":1579.071,"end":1579.616},{"text":"enforcement","start":1579.713,"end":1580.275},{"text":"capabilities.","start":1580.275,"end":1581.302}]},{"text":"Let me conclude with one conviction.","start":1582.201,"end":1584.497,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1582.201,"end":1582.378},{"text":"me","start":1582.378,"end":1582.474},{"text":"conclude","start":1582.538,"end":1583.181},{"text":"with","start":1583.422,"end":1583.662},{"text":"one","start":1583.727,"end":1583.791},{"text":"conviction.","start":1583.903,"end":1584.497}]},{"text":"The ICGR stands ready.","start":1585.733,"end":1587.403,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1585.733,"end":1585.814},{"text":"ICGR","start":1585.894,"end":1586.488},{"text":"stands","start":1586.488,"end":1587.002},{"text":"ready.","start":1587.194,"end":1587.403}]},{"text":"We offer our years of hard-won experience.","start":1587.676,"end":1590.887,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1587.676,"end":1587.821},{"text":"offer","start":1587.917,"end":1588.158},{"text":"our","start":1588.704,"end":1588.8},{"text":"years","start":1588.8,"end":1589.089},{"text":"of","start":1589.121,"end":1589.25},{"text":"hard-won","start":1589.282,"end":1590.116},{"text":"experience.","start":1590.165,"end":1590.887}]},{"text":"We offer our potential consolidated databases, our audits, our regional mechanisms, and our unwavering political will.","start":1591.048,"end":1597.823,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1591.048,"end":1591.192},{"text":"offer","start":1591.272,"end":1591.385},{"text":"our","start":1591.385,"end":1591.529},{"text":"potential","start":1591.529,"end":1592.011},{"text":"consolidated","start":1592.011,"end":1592.477},{"text":"databases,","start":1592.477,"end":1593.103},{"text":"our","start":1593.52,"end":1593.681},{"text":"audits,","start":1593.761,"end":1594.114},{"text":"our","start":1594.564,"end":1594.74},{"text":"regional","start":1594.74,"end":1595.094},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":1595.094,"end":1595.8},{"text":"and","start":1596.105,"end":1596.25},{"text":"our","start":1596.25,"end":1596.555},{"text":"unwavering","start":1596.651,"end":1597.197},{"text":"political","start":1597.229,"end":1597.63},{"text":"will.","start":1597.63,"end":1597.823}]},{"text":"But we need the international community to meet us with the same intensity.","start":1598.417,"end":1601.886,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":1598.417,"end":1598.529},{"text":"we","start":1598.578,"end":1598.61},{"text":"need","start":1598.61,"end":1598.835},{"text":"the","start":1598.835,"end":1598.915},{"text":"international","start":1598.915,"end":1599.397},{"text":"community","start":1599.397,"end":1599.927},{"text":"to","start":1600.344,"end":1600.441},{"text":"meet","start":1600.441,"end":1600.746},{"text":"us","start":1600.746,"end":1600.906},{"text":"with","start":1600.906,"end":1600.987},{"text":"the","start":1600.987,"end":1601.067},{"text":"same","start":1601.067,"end":1601.26},{"text":"intensity.","start":1601.26,"end":1601.886}]},{"text":"We need you to support a vision where the 3 Ts and gold are not just commodities to be certified, but lifelines to be invested in, where our natural resources become a pathway to industrialization and not a payment for insurgency.","start":1602.368,"end":1618.074,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1602.368,"end":1602.512},{"text":"need","start":1602.512,"end":1602.689},{"text":"you","start":1602.689,"end":1602.833},{"text":"to","start":1602.833,"end":1602.914},{"text":"support","start":1602.914,"end":1603.347},{"text":"a","start":1603.347,"end":1603.363},{"text":"vision","start":1603.411,"end":1603.813},{"text":"where","start":1603.893,"end":1604.038},{"text":"the","start":1604.038,"end":1604.134},{"text":"3","start":1604.134,"end":1604.439},{"text":"Ts","start":1604.439,"end":1605.258},{"text":"and","start":1605.724,"end":1605.901},{"text":"gold","start":1605.901,"end":1606.19},{"text":"are","start":1606.366,"end":1606.399},{"text":"not","start":1606.399,"end":1606.607},{"text":"just","start":1606.607,"end":1606.864},{"text":"commodities","start":1606.864,"end":1607.475},{"text":"to","start":1607.491,"end":1607.587},{"text":"be","start":1607.587,"end":1607.667},{"text":"certified,","start":1607.667,"end":1608.358},{"text":"but","start":1609.177,"end":1609.353},{"text":"lifelines","start":1609.353,"end":1610.012},{"text":"to","start":1610.317,"end":1610.397},{"text":"be","start":1610.397,"end":1610.478},{"text":"invested","start":1610.478,"end":1610.975},{"text":"in,","start":1611.104,"end":1611.152},{"text":"where","start":1611.602,"end":1611.762},{"text":"our","start":1611.762,"end":1611.939},{"text":"natural","start":1611.939,"end":1612.26},{"text":"resources","start":1612.26,"end":1612.774},{"text":"become","start":1612.806,"end":1613.16},{"text":"a","start":1613.368,"end":1613.449},{"text":"pathway","start":1613.449,"end":1613.995},{"text":"to","start":1614.332,"end":1614.412},{"text":"industrialization","start":1614.412,"end":1615.344},{"text":"and","start":1616.018,"end":1616.082},{"text":"not","start":1616.179,"end":1616.404},{"text":"a","start":1616.436,"end":1616.452},{"text":"payment","start":1616.564,"end":1617.19},{"text":"for","start":1617.383,"end":1617.479},{"text":"insurgency.","start":1617.479,"end":1618.074}]},{"text":"Let us choose coherence.","start":1619.294,"end":1620.515,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1619.294,"end":1619.391},{"text":"us","start":1619.391,"end":1619.551},{"text":"choose","start":1619.551,"end":1619.76},{"text":"coherence.","start":1619.792,"end":1620.515}]},{"text":"Let us choose peace.","start":1621.559,"end":1622.329,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1621.559,"end":1621.703},{"text":"us","start":1621.703,"end":1621.864},{"text":"choose","start":1621.864,"end":1622.089},{"text":"peace.","start":1622.121,"end":1622.329}]},{"text":"Let us ensure that the wealth of the Great Lakes region region becomes the foundation of a great and lasting prosperity, not just for our region but as a model for the entire world.","start":1623.164,"end":1633.036,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1623.164,"end":1623.309},{"text":"us","start":1623.309,"end":1623.421},{"text":"ensure","start":1623.421,"end":1623.903},{"text":"that","start":1623.903,"end":1624.112},{"text":"the","start":1624.112,"end":1624.176},{"text":"wealth","start":1624.192,"end":1624.417},{"text":"of","start":1624.465,"end":1624.53},{"text":"the","start":1624.53,"end":1624.61},{"text":"Great","start":1624.674,"end":1624.835},{"text":"Lakes","start":1624.835,"end":1624.899},{"text":"region","start":1624.899,"end":1626.906},{"text":"region","start":1625.06,"end":1625.302},{"text":"becomes","start":1625.335,"end":1625.788},{"text":"the","start":1625.804,"end":1625.885},{"text":"foundation","start":1625.885,"end":1626.419},{"text":"of","start":1626.467,"end":1626.564},{"text":"a","start":1626.564,"end":1626.694},{"text":"great","start":1626.694,"end":1627.131},{"text":"and","start":1627.519,"end":1627.584},{"text":"lasting","start":1627.664,"end":1627.972},{"text":"prosperity,","start":1628.004,"end":1628.749},{"text":"not","start":1629.363,"end":1629.525},{"text":"just","start":1629.606,"end":1629.784},{"text":"for","start":1629.784,"end":1630.011},{"text":"our","start":1630.011,"end":1630.108},{"text":"region","start":1630.108,"end":1630.464},{"text":"but","start":1631.224,"end":1631.402},{"text":"as","start":1631.402,"end":1631.548},{"text":"a","start":1631.548,"end":1631.58},{"text":"model","start":1631.58,"end":1632.049},{"text":"for","start":1632.049,"end":1632.243},{"text":"the","start":1632.243,"end":1632.357},{"text":"entire","start":1632.357,"end":1632.696},{"text":"world.","start":1632.696,"end":1633.036}]},{"text":"I thank you for your attention.","start":1633.596,"end":1636.005,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1633.596,"end":1633.628},{"text":"thank","start":1633.693,"end":1634.081},{"text":"you","start":1634.081,"end":1634.194},{"text":"for","start":1635.374,"end":1635.471},{"text":"your","start":1635.471,"end":1635.536},{"text":"attention.","start":1635.536,"end":1636.005}]},{"text":"Merci.","start":1636.587,"end":1636.862,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Merci.","start":1636.587,"end":1636.862}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Loua Beloua Moubita","affiliation":"ICGLR","affiliation_full":"ICGLR","group":null,"function":"Executive Secretary"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":1639.498,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1640","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Luwabeluwa, for shedding light on the experience of ICJLR on this issue.","start":1639.498,"end":1647.459,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1639.498,"end":1639.692},{"text":"you","start":1639.692,"end":1639.821},{"text":"very","start":1639.821,"end":1639.983},{"text":"much,","start":1639.983,"end":1640.419},{"text":"Mr.","start":1640.888,"end":1641.26},{"text":"Luwabeluwa,","start":1641.777,"end":1642.667},{"text":"for","start":1642.812,"end":1643.006},{"text":"shedding","start":1643.12,"end":1643.426},{"text":"light","start":1643.539,"end":1643.878},{"text":"on","start":1643.942,"end":1644.023},{"text":"the","start":1644.12,"end":1644.2},{"text":"experience","start":1644.362,"end":1644.942},{"text":"of","start":1645.007,"end":1645.249},{"text":"ICJLR","start":1645.313,"end":1646.055},{"text":"on","start":1646.781,"end":1646.829},{"text":"this","start":1646.942,"end":1647.2},{"text":"issue.","start":1647.2,"end":1647.459}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to Ms. Comfort Iroh.","start":1647.668,"end":1650.314,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1647.668,"end":1647.717},{"text":"now","start":1647.83,"end":1648.023},{"text":"give","start":1648.072,"end":1648.281},{"text":"the","start":1648.313,"end":1648.459},{"text":"floor","start":1648.459,"end":1648.733},{"text":"to","start":1648.813,"end":1648.91},{"text":"Ms.","start":1648.959,"end":1649.33},{"text":"Comfort","start":1649.443,"end":1649.943},{"text":"Iroh.","start":1649.943,"end":1650.314}]},{"text":"Ms. Comfort, you have the floor.","start":1651.48,"end":1652.691,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ms.","start":1651.48,"end":1651.695},{"text":"Comfort,","start":1651.762,"end":1652.11},{"text":"you","start":1652.16,"end":1652.193},{"text":"have","start":1652.193,"end":1652.343},{"text":"the","start":1652.343,"end":1652.376},{"text":"floor.","start":1652.426,"end":1652.691}]},{"text":"So sorry, Ms. Comfort, we cannot hear you.","start":1664.543,"end":1666.884,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1664.543,"end":1664.704},{"text":"sorry,","start":1664.882,"end":1665.189},{"text":"Ms.","start":1665.269,"end":1665.463},{"text":"Comfort,","start":1665.512,"end":1665.964},{"text":"we","start":1665.98,"end":1666.077},{"text":"cannot","start":1666.077,"end":1666.464},{"text":"hear","start":1666.464,"end":1666.707},{"text":"you.","start":1666.707,"end":1666.884}]},{"text":"Can you check your microphone?","start":1667.934,"end":1669.969,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Can","start":1667.934,"end":1668.096},{"text":"you","start":1668.096,"end":1668.354},{"text":"check","start":1668.903,"end":1669.145},{"text":"your","start":1669.226,"end":1669.339},{"text":"microphone?","start":1669.388,"end":1669.969}]},{"text":"Is it on?","start":1670.098,"end":1670.567,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Is","start":1670.098,"end":1670.163},{"text":"it","start":1670.276,"end":1670.421},{"text":"on?","start":1670.421,"end":1670.567}]},{"text":"Still not.","start":1675.033,"end":1675.694,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Still","start":1675.033,"end":1675.44},{"text":"not.","start":1675.44,"end":1675.694}]},{"text":"Please see with your IT expert.","start":1680.464,"end":1682.131,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":1680.464,"end":1680.64},{"text":"see","start":1680.64,"end":1680.88},{"text":"with","start":1680.88,"end":1681.105},{"text":"your","start":1681.105,"end":1681.377},{"text":"IT","start":1681.425,"end":1681.762},{"text":"expert.","start":1681.762,"end":1682.131}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":8,"start":1682.259,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1683","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"A little issue in the booth.","start":1682.259,"end":1683.413,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":1682.259,"end":1682.307},{"text":"little","start":1682.307,"end":1682.724},{"text":"issue","start":1682.724,"end":1682.932},{"text":"in","start":1683.045,"end":1683.125},{"text":"the","start":1683.125,"end":1683.269},{"text":"booth.","start":1683.349,"end":1683.413}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Interpreter"}},{"statement_number":9,"start":1683.509,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1684","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Oh, yes, yes, go ahead.","start":1683.509,"end":1684.808,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Oh,","start":1683.509,"end":1683.525},{"text":"yes,","start":1683.59,"end":1683.846},{"text":"yes,","start":1684.231,"end":1684.471},{"text":"go","start":1684.487,"end":1684.567},{"text":"ahead.","start":1684.567,"end":1684.808}]},{"text":"Sorry, now it's—","start":1684.984,"end":1686.828,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Sorry,","start":1684.984,"end":1685.177},{"text":"now","start":1686.555,"end":1686.683},{"text":"it's—","start":1686.715,"end":1686.828}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":10,"start":1686.828,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1687","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"sorry, can you hear me?","start":1686.828,"end":1687.613,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"sorry,","start":1686.828,"end":1686.988},{"text":"can","start":1687.052,"end":1687.196},{"text":"you","start":1687.196,"end":1687.276},{"text":"hear","start":1687.276,"end":1687.453},{"text":"me?","start":1687.453,"end":1687.613}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Comfort Ero","affiliation":"ICG","affiliation_full":"ICG","group":null,"function":"President and CEO"}},{"statement_number":11,"start":1687.773,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1688","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Yes, yes, go ahead.","start":1687.773,"end":1688.783,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yes,","start":1687.773,"end":1687.902},{"text":"yes,","start":1688.158,"end":1688.286},{"text":"go","start":1688.575,"end":1688.623},{"text":"ahead.","start":1688.639,"end":1688.783}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1689.296,"end":1689.601,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1689.296,"end":1689.521},{"text":"you.","start":1689.521,"end":1689.601}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":1690.579,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=1691","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":1690.579,"end":1691.348,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1690.579,"end":1690.755},{"text":"you","start":1690.755,"end":1690.867},{"text":"very","start":1690.883,"end":1691.06},{"text":"much.","start":1691.06,"end":1691.348}]},{"text":"I thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for the invitation to brief today's ARIA Formula meeting.","start":1692.086,"end":1698.161,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1692.086,"end":1692.102},{"text":"thank","start":1692.102,"end":1692.502},{"text":"the","start":1692.502,"end":1692.582},{"text":"Democratic","start":1692.647,"end":1693.208},{"text":"Republic","start":1693.208,"end":1694.105},{"text":"of","start":1694.105,"end":1694.234},{"text":"the","start":1694.25,"end":1694.346},{"text":"Congo","start":1694.346,"end":1694.795},{"text":"for","start":1694.923,"end":1695.243},{"text":"the","start":1695.243,"end":1695.388},{"text":"invitation","start":1695.388,"end":1695.997},{"text":"to","start":1696.013,"end":1696.157},{"text":"brief","start":1696.173,"end":1696.494},{"text":"today's","start":1696.494,"end":1697.007},{"text":"ARIA","start":1697.055,"end":1697.392},{"text":"Formula","start":1697.392,"end":1697.792},{"text":"meeting.","start":1697.872,"end":1698.161}]},{"text":"The International Crisis Group is a global conflict prevention organization mandated to support peaceful efforts towards preventing, mitigating, and resolving conflicts.","start":1699.219,"end":1709.238,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1699.219,"end":1699.283},{"text":"International","start":1699.299,"end":1699.876},{"text":"Crisis","start":1699.876,"end":1700.357},{"text":"Group","start":1700.357,"end":1700.614},{"text":"is","start":1700.694,"end":1700.822},{"text":"a","start":1700.822,"end":1700.982},{"text":"global","start":1700.982,"end":1701.287},{"text":"conflict","start":1701.319,"end":1701.639},{"text":"prevention","start":1701.639,"end":1702.12},{"text":"organization","start":1702.12,"end":1702.81},{"text":"mandated","start":1703.483,"end":1704.044},{"text":"to","start":1704.044,"end":1704.124},{"text":"support","start":1704.124,"end":1704.605},{"text":"peaceful","start":1704.605,"end":1705.166},{"text":"efforts","start":1705.166,"end":1705.647},{"text":"towards","start":1705.647,"end":1706.096},{"text":"preventing,","start":1706.128,"end":1706.737},{"text":"mitigating,","start":1706.913,"end":1707.523},{"text":"and","start":1708.116,"end":1708.212},{"text":"resolving","start":1708.212,"end":1708.661},{"text":"conflicts.","start":1708.757,"end":1709.238}]},{"text":"In addition to our on-the-ground research, we are developing a new database tool for monitoring mining and critical infrastructure in conflict-affected regions.","start":1710.135,"end":1720.603,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1710.135,"end":1710.28},{"text":"addition","start":1710.28,"end":1710.745},{"text":"to","start":1710.857,"end":1711.081},{"text":"our","start":1711.081,"end":1711.274},{"text":"on-the-ground","start":1711.338,"end":1711.867},{"text":"research,","start":1711.899,"end":1712.428},{"text":"we","start":1713.101,"end":1713.245},{"text":"are","start":1713.261,"end":1713.422},{"text":"developing","start":1713.422,"end":1713.951},{"text":"a","start":1714.127,"end":1714.143},{"text":"new","start":1714.143,"end":1714.432},{"text":"database","start":1714.464,"end":1715.185},{"text":"tool","start":1715.185,"end":1715.377},{"text":"for","start":1715.586,"end":1715.73},{"text":"monitoring","start":1715.73,"end":1716.355},{"text":"mining","start":1716.371,"end":1716.676},{"text":"and","start":1716.708,"end":1716.948},{"text":"critical","start":1717.333,"end":1717.814},{"text":"infrastructure","start":1717.83,"end":1718.68},{"text":"in","start":1719.016,"end":1719.08},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":1719.112,"end":1720.154},{"text":"regions.","start":1720.154,"end":1720.603}]},{"text":"In many of the cases we follow closely, we see linkages between natural resource and deadly violence.","start":1721.902,"end":1729.099,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1721.902,"end":1721.998},{"text":"many","start":1721.998,"end":1722.366},{"text":"of","start":1722.639,"end":1722.783},{"text":"the","start":1722.783,"end":1722.879},{"text":"cases","start":1722.879,"end":1723.296},{"text":"we","start":1723.424,"end":1723.585},{"text":"follow","start":1723.585,"end":1723.857},{"text":"closely,","start":1723.986,"end":1724.531},{"text":"we","start":1725.124,"end":1725.22},{"text":"see","start":1725.22,"end":1725.508},{"text":"linkages","start":1725.508,"end":1726.053},{"text":"between","start":1726.326,"end":1726.727},{"text":"natural","start":1726.727,"end":1727.208},{"text":"resource","start":1727.208,"end":1727.656},{"text":"and","start":1728.089,"end":1728.217},{"text":"deadly","start":1728.25,"end":1728.57},{"text":"violence.","start":1728.65,"end":1729.099}]},{"text":"In Myanmar, control of northern Kachin State's jade economy has become one of the major stakes in the conflict between the military and the Tachin Independence Organization.","start":1730.189,"end":1741.944,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1730.189,"end":1730.398},{"text":"Myanmar,","start":1730.398,"end":1730.975},{"text":"control","start":1731.68,"end":1732.129},{"text":"of","start":1732.562,"end":1732.738},{"text":"northern","start":1732.738,"end":1733.107},{"text":"Kachin","start":1733.139,"end":1733.572},{"text":"State's","start":1733.636,"end":1734.213},{"text":"jade","start":1734.325,"end":1734.597},{"text":"economy","start":1734.597,"end":1735.11},{"text":"has","start":1735.527,"end":1735.623},{"text":"become","start":1735.688,"end":1736.088},{"text":"one","start":1736.088,"end":1736.217},{"text":"of","start":1736.425,"end":1736.521},{"text":"the","start":1736.569,"end":1736.601},{"text":"major","start":1736.601,"end":1736.938},{"text":"stakes","start":1736.986,"end":1737.467},{"text":"in","start":1737.467,"end":1737.563},{"text":"the","start":1737.563,"end":1737.691},{"text":"conflict","start":1737.691,"end":1738.156},{"text":"between","start":1738.268,"end":1738.733},{"text":"the","start":1738.733,"end":1738.813},{"text":"military","start":1738.813,"end":1739.278},{"text":"and","start":1739.711,"end":1739.807},{"text":"the","start":1739.807,"end":1740},{"text":"Tachin","start":1739.92,"end":1740.373},{"text":"Independence","start":1740.503,"end":1741.134},{"text":"Organization.","start":1741.329,"end":1741.944}]},{"text":"In the Great Lakes region, the M23 insurgency captured the Coltan Beach Mabaya mining site in April 2024, obtaining a predictable and significant source of revenue and allowing the rebels to enrich themselves in northern Kivu Province.","start":1743.515,"end":1760.307,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1743.515,"end":1743.596},{"text":"the","start":1743.596,"end":1743.677},{"text":"Great","start":1743.677,"end":1744.001},{"text":"Lakes","start":1744.001,"end":1744.325},{"text":"region,","start":1744.325,"end":1744.778},{"text":"the","start":1745.459,"end":1745.54},{"text":"M23","start":1745.621,"end":1746.511},{"text":"insurgency","start":1746.511,"end":1747.208},{"text":"captured","start":1747.386,"end":1747.953},{"text":"the","start":1747.953,"end":1748.147},{"text":"Coltan","start":1748.277,"end":1748.535},{"text":"Beach","start":1748.535,"end":1748.745},{"text":"Mabaya","start":1749.182,"end":1749.764},{"text":"mining","start":1749.893,"end":1750.233},{"text":"site","start":1750.233,"end":1750.653},{"text":"in","start":1750.653,"end":1750.766},{"text":"April","start":1750.863,"end":1751.122},{"text":"2024,","start":1751.122,"end":1752.189},{"text":"obtaining","start":1752.642,"end":1753.24},{"text":"a","start":1753.305,"end":1753.321},{"text":"predictable","start":1753.386,"end":1754.065},{"text":"and","start":1754.356,"end":1754.42},{"text":"significant","start":1754.501,"end":1755.083},{"text":"source","start":1755.083,"end":1755.374},{"text":"of","start":1755.423,"end":1755.552},{"text":"revenue","start":1755.552,"end":1756.102},{"text":"and","start":1756.441,"end":1756.522},{"text":"allowing","start":1756.522,"end":1756.991},{"text":"the","start":1757.023,"end":1757.104},{"text":"rebels","start":1757.104,"end":1757.557},{"text":"to","start":1757.654,"end":1757.832},{"text":"enrich","start":1757.832,"end":1757.961},{"text":"themselves","start":1757.994,"end":1758.527},{"text":"in","start":1758.883,"end":1759.045},{"text":"northern","start":1759.045,"end":1759.336},{"text":"Kivu","start":1759.449,"end":1759.886},{"text":"Province.","start":1759.918,"end":1760.307}]},{"text":"In the Amazon Basin, Brazilian organized crime Colombian armed groups like the ELN and Secunda Marquetela have fanned out across borders in search of gold mines and trafficking routes.","start":1761.31,"end":1774.146,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1761.31,"end":1761.39},{"text":"the","start":1761.39,"end":1761.536},{"text":"Amazon","start":1761.617,"end":1762.037},{"text":"Basin,","start":1762.037,"end":1762.49},{"text":"Brazilian","start":1762.992,"end":1763.526},{"text":"organized","start":1763.817,"end":1764.27},{"text":"crime","start":1764.367,"end":1764.674},{"text":"Colombian","start":1764.771,"end":1765.321},{"text":"armed","start":1765.434,"end":1765.661},{"text":"groups","start":1765.661,"end":1766.114},{"text":"like","start":1766.243,"end":1766.421},{"text":"the","start":1766.421,"end":1766.55},{"text":"ELN","start":1766.631,"end":1767.1},{"text":"and","start":1767.586,"end":1767.683},{"text":"Secunda","start":1767.683,"end":1768.484},{"text":"Marquetela","start":1768.805,"end":1769.543},{"text":"have","start":1769.832,"end":1769.976},{"text":"fanned","start":1770.008,"end":1770.393},{"text":"out","start":1770.393,"end":1770.521},{"text":"across","start":1770.73,"end":1771.018},{"text":"borders","start":1771.131,"end":1771.58},{"text":"in","start":1771.772,"end":1771.917},{"text":"search","start":1771.917,"end":1772.269},{"text":"of","start":1772.269,"end":1772.382},{"text":"gold","start":1772.414,"end":1772.67},{"text":"mines","start":1772.734,"end":1773.103},{"text":"and","start":1773.296,"end":1773.36},{"text":"trafficking","start":1773.376,"end":1773.825},{"text":"routes.","start":1773.921,"end":1774.146}]},{"text":"Demonstrative of the scale of illicit economies at stake, just one group in Ecuador, Los Choneros, reportedly earned some $1 million monthly from illegal gold.","start":1775.204,"end":1787.778,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Demonstrative","start":1775.204,"end":1776.102},{"text":"of","start":1776.102,"end":1776.183},{"text":"the","start":1776.183,"end":1776.215},{"text":"scale","start":1776.263,"end":1776.696},{"text":"of","start":1776.904,"end":1777.001},{"text":"illicit","start":1777.001,"end":1777.514},{"text":"economies","start":1777.626,"end":1778.155},{"text":"at","start":1778.267,"end":1778.348},{"text":"stake,","start":1778.348,"end":1778.781},{"text":"just","start":1779.454,"end":1779.663},{"text":"one","start":1779.855,"end":1780.08},{"text":"group","start":1780.112,"end":1780.417},{"text":"in","start":1780.417,"end":1780.481},{"text":"Ecuador,","start":1780.593,"end":1781.17},{"text":"Los","start":1781.7,"end":1781.988},{"text":"Choneros,","start":1782.261,"end":1783.127},{"text":"reportedly","start":1783.72,"end":1784.41},{"text":"earned","start":1784.667,"end":1784.875},{"text":"some","start":1784.907,"end":1785.148},{"text":"$1","start":1785.244,"end":1785.388},{"text":"million","start":1785.485,"end":1785.853},{"text":"monthly","start":1785.95,"end":1786.335},{"text":"from","start":1786.703,"end":1786.944},{"text":"illegal","start":1787.008,"end":1787.361},{"text":"gold.","start":1787.409,"end":1787.778}]},{"text":"These linkages should not come as a surprise.","start":1788.917,"end":1791.435,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1788.917,"end":1789.141},{"text":"linkages","start":1789.237,"end":1789.702},{"text":"should","start":1789.895,"end":1790.071},{"text":"not","start":1790.135,"end":1790.36},{"text":"come","start":1790.36,"end":1790.569},{"text":"as","start":1790.697,"end":1790.825},{"text":"a","start":1790.857,"end":1790.873},{"text":"surprise.","start":1790.921,"end":1791.435}]},{"text":"States and non-state armed groups are now locked in intense competition to control natural resources and their supply chains, not only for material wealth but also as part of their broader geopolitical calculations.","start":1792.076,"end":1807.418,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"States","start":1792.076,"end":1792.814},{"text":"and","start":1793.006,"end":1793.102},{"text":"non-state","start":1793.102,"end":1793.76},{"text":"armed","start":1793.888,"end":1794.065},{"text":"groups","start":1794.065,"end":1794.45},{"text":"are","start":1794.642,"end":1794.706},{"text":"now","start":1794.706,"end":1794.883},{"text":"locked","start":1795.091,"end":1795.38},{"text":"in","start":1795.492,"end":1795.572},{"text":"intense","start":1795.572,"end":1796.069},{"text":"competition","start":1796.069,"end":1796.679},{"text":"to","start":1797.096,"end":1797.192},{"text":"control","start":1797.192,"end":1797.753},{"text":"natural","start":1797.753,"end":1798.154},{"text":"resources","start":1798.218,"end":1798.843},{"text":"and","start":1799.276,"end":1799.34},{"text":"their","start":1799.356,"end":1799.452},{"text":"supply","start":1799.452,"end":1799.997},{"text":"chains,","start":1799.997,"end":1800.366},{"text":"not","start":1800.831,"end":1801.167},{"text":"only","start":1801.263,"end":1801.536},{"text":"for","start":1801.76,"end":1801.953},{"text":"material","start":1801.953,"end":1802.546},{"text":"wealth","start":1802.562,"end":1802.738},{"text":"but","start":1803.267,"end":1803.427},{"text":"also","start":1803.507,"end":1803.972},{"text":"as","start":1804.068,"end":1804.132},{"text":"part","start":1804.229,"end":1804.581},{"text":"of","start":1804.79,"end":1804.902},{"text":"their","start":1804.902,"end":1805.19},{"text":"broader","start":1805.19,"end":1805.607},{"text":"geopolitical","start":1805.607,"end":1806.393},{"text":"calculations.","start":1806.649,"end":1807.418}]},{"text":"Competition over critical minerals is especially intense.","start":1808.637,"end":1812.628,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Competition","start":1808.637,"end":1809.502},{"text":"over","start":1809.855,"end":1810.095},{"text":"critical","start":1810.095,"end":1810.528},{"text":"minerals","start":1810.56,"end":1811.025},{"text":"is","start":1811.057,"end":1811.153},{"text":"especially","start":1811.153,"end":1811.826},{"text":"intense.","start":1812.099,"end":1812.628}]},{"text":"These minerals are embedded in supply chains across the world and are essential to our global economy.","start":1813.622,"end":1820.322,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1813.622,"end":1813.91},{"text":"minerals","start":1813.958,"end":1814.551},{"text":"are","start":1814.808,"end":1814.904},{"text":"embedded","start":1814.904,"end":1815.545},{"text":"in","start":1815.609,"end":1815.657},{"text":"supply","start":1815.689,"end":1816.17},{"text":"chains","start":1816.17,"end":1816.635},{"text":"across","start":1816.747,"end":1817.068},{"text":"the","start":1817.068,"end":1817.228},{"text":"world","start":1817.228,"end":1817.677},{"text":"and","start":1818.029,"end":1818.174},{"text":"are","start":1818.174,"end":1818.27},{"text":"essential","start":1818.27,"end":1818.991},{"text":"to","start":1818.991,"end":1819.119},{"text":"our","start":1819.168,"end":1819.36},{"text":"global","start":1819.376,"end":1819.873},{"text":"economy.","start":1819.873,"end":1820.322}]},{"text":"Some resources are commonplace in the household goods while others are integral to clean energy technology, rapid expansion of AI infrastructure, or increasingly advanced defense systems.","start":1821.315,"end":1833.868,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":1821.315,"end":1821.62},{"text":"resources","start":1821.62,"end":1822.245},{"text":"are","start":1822.501,"end":1822.582},{"text":"commonplace","start":1822.582,"end":1823.335},{"text":"in","start":1823.399,"end":1823.479},{"text":"the","start":1823.479,"end":1823.559},{"text":"household","start":1823.559,"end":1824.088},{"text":"goods","start":1824.12,"end":1824.329},{"text":"while","start":1824.842,"end":1825.05},{"text":"others","start":1825.162,"end":1825.451},{"text":"are","start":1825.627,"end":1825.707},{"text":"integral","start":1825.707,"end":1826.221},{"text":"to","start":1826.269,"end":1826.365},{"text":"clean","start":1826.429,"end":1826.734},{"text":"energy","start":1826.83,"end":1827.086},{"text":"technology,","start":1827.15,"end":1827.776},{"text":"rapid","start":1828.369,"end":1828.706},{"text":"expansion","start":1828.706,"end":1829.363},{"text":"of","start":1829.571,"end":1829.7},{"text":"AI","start":1829.876,"end":1830.068},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":1830.213,"end":1830.998},{"text":"or","start":1831.319,"end":1831.351},{"text":"increasingly","start":1831.351,"end":1832.104},{"text":"advanced","start":1832.281,"end":1832.858},{"text":"defense","start":1832.858,"end":1833.259},{"text":"systems.","start":1833.259,"end":1833.868}]},{"text":"This competition has profound consequences for countries affected by armed conflict, many of which are themselves major reserves of the natural resources that drive this global trade.","start":1835.006,"end":1847.736,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1835.006,"end":1835.183},{"text":"competition","start":1835.183,"end":1835.904},{"text":"has","start":1835.904,"end":1836.032},{"text":"profound","start":1836.144,"end":1836.834},{"text":"consequences","start":1836.866,"end":1837.635},{"text":"for","start":1838.052,"end":1838.149},{"text":"countries","start":1838.213,"end":1838.678},{"text":"affected","start":1838.79,"end":1839.319},{"text":"by","start":1839.415,"end":1839.656},{"text":"armed","start":1839.736,"end":1839.896},{"text":"conflict,","start":1839.896,"end":1840.473},{"text":"many","start":1841.034,"end":1841.323},{"text":"of","start":1841.355,"end":1841.451},{"text":"which","start":1841.579,"end":1841.724},{"text":"are","start":1841.916,"end":1841.996},{"text":"themselves","start":1841.996,"end":1842.686},{"text":"major","start":1843.102,"end":1843.503},{"text":"reserves","start":1843.503,"end":1844.048},{"text":"of","start":1844.385,"end":1844.497},{"text":"the","start":1844.497,"end":1844.706},{"text":"natural","start":1844.706,"end":1845.123},{"text":"resources","start":1845.123,"end":1845.732},{"text":"that","start":1845.844,"end":1846.068},{"text":"drive","start":1846.068,"end":1846.533},{"text":"this","start":1846.79,"end":1846.966},{"text":"global","start":1846.966,"end":1847.319},{"text":"trade.","start":1847.367,"end":1847.736}]},{"text":"Compounding this challenge is the growing gap between international norms and practice.","start":1849.195,"end":1854.229,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Compounding","start":1849.195,"end":1849.74},{"text":"this","start":1849.772,"end":1849.996},{"text":"challenge","start":1849.996,"end":1850.541},{"text":"is","start":1850.814,"end":1850.862},{"text":"the","start":1850.91,"end":1851.054},{"text":"growing","start":1851.054,"end":1851.423},{"text":"gap","start":1851.455,"end":1851.792},{"text":"between","start":1851.84,"end":1852.225},{"text":"international","start":1852.321,"end":1852.994},{"text":"norms","start":1852.994,"end":1853.427},{"text":"and","start":1853.684,"end":1853.748},{"text":"practice.","start":1853.78,"end":1854.229}]},{"text":"Existing policies on environmental standards, natural resource management, and supply chain responsibility treat the intersection of conflict and natural resources as an issue that can be managed through localized technical fixes, but they often fail to consider the regional and international dynamics that shape the competition over natural resources in conflict-affected settings.","start":1855.157,"end":1882.348,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Existing","start":1855.157,"end":1855.69},{"text":"policies","start":1855.787,"end":1856.337},{"text":"on","start":1856.433,"end":1856.547},{"text":"environmental","start":1856.547,"end":1857.225},{"text":"standards,","start":1857.274,"end":1857.871},{"text":"natural","start":1858.485,"end":1858.857},{"text":"resource","start":1858.873,"end":1859.358},{"text":"management,","start":1859.358,"end":1859.939},{"text":"and","start":1860.327,"end":1860.391},{"text":"supply","start":1860.472,"end":1860.844},{"text":"chain","start":1861.038,"end":1861.345},{"text":"responsibility","start":1861.377,"end":1862.395},{"text":"treat","start":1862.815,"end":1863.17},{"text":"the","start":1863.235,"end":1863.316},{"text":"intersection","start":1863.316,"end":1863.929},{"text":"of","start":1864.204,"end":1864.333},{"text":"conflict","start":1864.365,"end":1864.914},{"text":"and","start":1864.995,"end":1865.091},{"text":"natural","start":1865.091,"end":1865.479},{"text":"resources","start":1865.495,"end":1866.27},{"text":"as","start":1866.641,"end":1866.786},{"text":"an","start":1866.786,"end":1866.996},{"text":"issue","start":1867.028,"end":1867.399},{"text":"that","start":1867.835,"end":1867.98},{"text":"can","start":1867.98,"end":1868.158},{"text":"be","start":1868.158,"end":1868.384},{"text":"managed","start":1868.384,"end":1868.771},{"text":"through","start":1868.803,"end":1869.045},{"text":"localized","start":1869.287,"end":1870.143},{"text":"technical","start":1870.401,"end":1870.917},{"text":"fixes,","start":1870.917,"end":1871.434},{"text":"but","start":1872.66,"end":1872.757},{"text":"they","start":1872.822,"end":1872.918},{"text":"often","start":1873.064,"end":1873.322},{"text":"fail","start":1873.322,"end":1873.742},{"text":"to","start":1873.807,"end":1873.953},{"text":"consider","start":1873.953,"end":1874.567},{"text":"the","start":1874.778,"end":1874.859},{"text":"regional","start":1875.004,"end":1875.441},{"text":"and","start":1875.586,"end":1875.683},{"text":"international","start":1875.683,"end":1876.314},{"text":"dynamics","start":1876.314,"end":1877.058},{"text":"that","start":1877.366,"end":1877.463},{"text":"shape","start":1877.463,"end":1877.851},{"text":"the","start":1877.916,"end":1877.997},{"text":"competition","start":1877.997,"end":1878.627},{"text":"over","start":1879.145,"end":1879.323},{"text":"natural","start":1879.323,"end":1879.857},{"text":"resources","start":1879.873,"end":1880.568},{"text":"in","start":1880.746,"end":1880.892},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":1880.908,"end":1881.976},{"text":"settings.","start":1881.976,"end":1882.348}]},{"text":"These weaknesses of current approaches are also evident in the Security Council's portfolio on the subject.","start":1883.758,"end":1891.134,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1883.758,"end":1883.902},{"text":"weaknesses","start":1884.094,"end":1884.784},{"text":"of","start":1885.121,"end":1885.185},{"text":"current","start":1885.281,"end":1885.698},{"text":"approaches","start":1885.698,"end":1886.227},{"text":"are","start":1886.323,"end":1886.5},{"text":"also","start":1886.564,"end":1886.82},{"text":"evident","start":1886.981,"end":1887.574},{"text":"in","start":1887.783,"end":1887.831},{"text":"the","start":1887.863,"end":1887.943},{"text":"Security","start":1887.943,"end":1888.52},{"text":"Council's","start":1888.584,"end":1889.082},{"text":"portfolio","start":1889.146,"end":1889.996},{"text":"on","start":1890.332,"end":1890.396},{"text":"the","start":1890.429,"end":1890.509},{"text":"subject.","start":1890.509,"end":1891.134}]},{"text":"Previous resolutions and statements by this body have touched on parts of the broader nexus between conflict minerals and natural resource exploitation.","start":1892.176,"end":1901.541,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Previous","start":1892.176,"end":1892.513},{"text":"resolutions","start":1892.513,"end":1893.251},{"text":"and","start":1893.251,"end":1893.363},{"text":"statements","start":1893.395,"end":1893.956},{"text":"by","start":1893.956,"end":1894.213},{"text":"this","start":1894.261,"end":1894.389},{"text":"body","start":1894.518,"end":1894.806},{"text":"have","start":1895.319,"end":1895.544},{"text":"touched","start":1895.544,"end":1895.897},{"text":"on","start":1895.897,"end":1896.009},{"text":"parts","start":1896.041,"end":1896.538},{"text":"of","start":1896.602,"end":1896.682},{"text":"the","start":1896.682,"end":1896.843},{"text":"broader","start":1896.843,"end":1897.244},{"text":"nexus","start":1897.244,"end":1897.693},{"text":"between","start":1897.885,"end":1898.174},{"text":"conflict","start":1898.27,"end":1898.751},{"text":"minerals","start":1898.751,"end":1899.216},{"text":"and","start":1899.713,"end":1899.809},{"text":"natural","start":1899.809,"end":1900.21},{"text":"resource","start":1900.21,"end":1900.643},{"text":"exploitation.","start":1900.836,"end":1901.541}]},{"text":"These have included most notably the 2003 Council resolution endorsing the Kimberley Process certification scheme and the 2019 Council resolution on silencing the guns in Africa.","start":1902.696,"end":1916.011,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1902.696,"end":1902.904},{"text":"have","start":1902.92,"end":1903.065},{"text":"included","start":1903.401,"end":1904.107},{"text":"most","start":1904.219,"end":1904.524},{"text":"notably","start":1904.54,"end":1905.037},{"text":"the","start":1905.181,"end":1905.278},{"text":"2003","start":1905.342,"end":1906.384},{"text":"Council","start":1906.384,"end":1906.865},{"text":"resolution","start":1906.865,"end":1907.475},{"text":"endorsing","start":1907.972,"end":1908.517},{"text":"the","start":1908.533,"end":1908.581},{"text":"Kimberley","start":1908.629,"end":1909.158},{"text":"Process","start":1909.19,"end":1909.607},{"text":"certification","start":1909.72,"end":1910.281},{"text":"scheme","start":1910.313,"end":1910.811},{"text":"and","start":1911.276,"end":1911.357},{"text":"the","start":1911.357,"end":1911.437},{"text":"2019","start":1911.437,"end":1912.368},{"text":"Council","start":1912.464,"end":1912.881},{"text":"resolution","start":1912.881,"end":1913.491},{"text":"on","start":1913.924,"end":1914.005},{"text":"silencing","start":1914.005,"end":1914.679},{"text":"the","start":1914.711,"end":1914.807},{"text":"guns","start":1914.871,"end":1915.176},{"text":"in","start":1915.513,"end":1915.61},{"text":"Africa.","start":1915.61,"end":1916.011}]},{"text":"But political follow-up from governments remains thin on the ground, and the Council has yet to consider a more holistic approach to this issue.","start":1917.214,"end":1926.924,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":1917.214,"end":1917.327},{"text":"political","start":1917.375,"end":1917.937},{"text":"follow-up","start":1917.937,"end":1918.579},{"text":"from","start":1918.579,"end":1919.044},{"text":"governments","start":1919.06,"end":1919.622},{"text":"remains","start":1919.622,"end":1920.119},{"text":"thin","start":1920.408,"end":1920.633},{"text":"on","start":1920.825,"end":1920.89},{"text":"the","start":1920.97,"end":1921.066},{"text":"ground,","start":1921.066,"end":1921.548},{"text":"and","start":1922.109,"end":1922.254},{"text":"the","start":1922.254,"end":1922.414},{"text":"Council","start":1922.414,"end":1923.008},{"text":"has","start":1923.153,"end":1923.361},{"text":"yet","start":1923.377,"end":1923.618},{"text":"to","start":1923.618,"end":1923.714},{"text":"consider","start":1923.714,"end":1924.34},{"text":"a","start":1924.597,"end":1924.629},{"text":"more","start":1924.661,"end":1924.902},{"text":"holistic","start":1924.902,"end":1925.496},{"text":"approach","start":1925.496,"end":1925.929},{"text":"to","start":1926.186,"end":1926.25},{"text":"this","start":1926.346,"end":1926.475},{"text":"issue.","start":1926.683,"end":1926.924}]},{"text":"Indeed, most of the Council's current reporting on this issue is channeled through its subsidiary bodies and panels of experts.","start":1927.967,"end":1935.815,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":1927.967,"end":1928.593},{"text":"most","start":1928.69,"end":1928.994},{"text":"of","start":1928.994,"end":1929.043},{"text":"the","start":1929.075,"end":1929.171},{"text":"Council's","start":1929.171,"end":1929.797},{"text":"current","start":1929.797,"end":1930.214},{"text":"reporting","start":1930.214,"end":1930.712},{"text":"on","start":1930.76,"end":1930.824},{"text":"this","start":1930.856,"end":1931.097},{"text":"issue","start":1931.097,"end":1931.289},{"text":"is","start":1931.883,"end":1931.947},{"text":"channeled","start":1932.044,"end":1932.525},{"text":"through","start":1932.525,"end":1932.862},{"text":"its","start":1932.862,"end":1932.943},{"text":"subsidiary","start":1932.943,"end":1933.472},{"text":"bodies","start":1933.649,"end":1934.034},{"text":"and","start":1934.467,"end":1934.531},{"text":"panels","start":1934.628,"end":1935.077},{"text":"of","start":1935.254,"end":1935.35},{"text":"experts.","start":1935.35,"end":1935.815}]},{"text":"In the hope of stimulating your discussions, I would like to offer 4 observations on the links between conflict and natural resources.","start":1936.954,"end":1944.856,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1936.954,"end":1937.002},{"text":"the","start":1937.034,"end":1937.114},{"text":"hope","start":1937.178,"end":1937.515},{"text":"of","start":1937.515,"end":1937.579},{"text":"stimulating","start":1937.579,"end":1938.364},{"text":"your","start":1938.46,"end":1938.637},{"text":"discussions,","start":1938.637,"end":1939.326},{"text":"I","start":1939.502,"end":1939.518},{"text":"would","start":1939.518,"end":1939.743},{"text":"like","start":1939.743,"end":1939.983},{"text":"to","start":1939.983,"end":1940.127},{"text":"offer","start":1940.16,"end":1940.4},{"text":"4","start":1940.48,"end":1940.881},{"text":"observations","start":1940.881,"end":1941.65},{"text":"on","start":1941.763,"end":1941.811},{"text":"the","start":1941.843,"end":1941.987},{"text":"links","start":1941.987,"end":1942.276},{"text":"between","start":1942.484,"end":1942.853},{"text":"conflict","start":1942.885,"end":1943.398},{"text":"and","start":1943.766,"end":1943.83},{"text":"natural","start":1943.846,"end":1944.247},{"text":"resources.","start":1944.247,"end":1944.856}]},{"text":"First, natural resources are rarely the root causes of conflict, but they, but they do shape its trajectory.","start":1945.85,"end":1953.352,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":1945.85,"end":1946.411},{"text":"natural","start":1946.972,"end":1947.373},{"text":"resources","start":1947.373,"end":1947.982},{"text":"are","start":1948.078,"end":1948.127},{"text":"rarely","start":1948.319,"end":1948.623},{"text":"the","start":1948.639,"end":1948.816},{"text":"root","start":1948.816,"end":1949.04},{"text":"causes","start":1949.04,"end":1949.425},{"text":"of","start":1949.922,"end":1950.066},{"text":"conflict,","start":1950.082,"end":1950.627},{"text":"but","start":1950.82,"end":1950.964},{"text":"they,","start":1950.964,"end":1951.204},{"text":"but","start":1951.445,"end":1951.605},{"text":"they","start":1951.605,"end":1951.846},{"text":"do","start":1951.846,"end":1952.102},{"text":"shape","start":1952.102,"end":1952.583},{"text":"its","start":1952.663,"end":1952.759},{"text":"trajectory.","start":1952.807,"end":1953.352}]},{"text":"In many of the areas of concern, wars are the products of political struggles over power, identity, and autonomy.","start":1954.571,"end":1962.313,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1954.571,"end":1954.747},{"text":"many","start":1954.747,"end":1954.971},{"text":"of","start":1955.068,"end":1955.212},{"text":"the","start":1955.212,"end":1955.308},{"text":"areas","start":1955.372,"end":1955.597},{"text":"of","start":1955.645,"end":1955.757},{"text":"concern,","start":1955.773,"end":1956.318},{"text":"wars","start":1956.59,"end":1957.039},{"text":"are","start":1957.296,"end":1957.376},{"text":"the","start":1957.376,"end":1957.472},{"text":"products","start":1957.616,"end":1958.049},{"text":"of","start":1958.049,"end":1958.129},{"text":"political","start":1958.193,"end":1958.578},{"text":"struggles","start":1958.578,"end":1959.123},{"text":"over","start":1959.476,"end":1959.716},{"text":"power,","start":1959.716,"end":1960.213},{"text":"identity,","start":1960.678,"end":1961.367},{"text":"and","start":1961.72,"end":1961.784},{"text":"autonomy.","start":1961.8,"end":1962.313}]},{"text":"Elsewhere, criminal groups that now exploit these resources often rose to prominence through other illicit activities, particularly drug trafficking.","start":1963.549,"end":1974.644,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Elsewhere,","start":1963.549,"end":1964.224},{"text":"criminal","start":1964.834,"end":1965.203},{"text":"groups","start":1965.332,"end":1965.669},{"text":"that","start":1966.038,"end":1966.15},{"text":"now","start":1966.279,"end":1966.391},{"text":"exploit","start":1966.52,"end":1967.098},{"text":"these","start":1967.098,"end":1967.306},{"text":"resources","start":1967.323,"end":1967.949},{"text":"often","start":1968.447,"end":1969.394},{"text":"rose","start":1969.41,"end":1969.715},{"text":"to","start":1969.763,"end":1969.956},{"text":"prominence","start":1969.972,"end":1970.566},{"text":"through","start":1970.694,"end":1971.016},{"text":"other","start":1971.176,"end":1971.481},{"text":"illicit","start":1971.578,"end":1971.979},{"text":"activities,","start":1972.059,"end":1972.685},{"text":"particularly","start":1973.119,"end":1973.729},{"text":"drug","start":1973.906,"end":1974.163},{"text":"trafficking.","start":1974.163,"end":1974.644}]},{"text":"Control of natural resources and critical minerals has become an important source of finance, leverage, and military advantage for conflict parties and organized crimes.","start":1975.913,"end":1987.458,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Control","start":1975.913,"end":1976.362},{"text":"of","start":1976.716,"end":1976.796},{"text":"natural","start":1976.812,"end":1977.278},{"text":"resources","start":1977.278,"end":1978.032},{"text":"and","start":1978.241,"end":1978.305},{"text":"critical","start":1978.337,"end":1978.803},{"text":"minerals","start":1978.803,"end":1979.349},{"text":"has","start":1979.445,"end":1979.59},{"text":"become","start":1979.622,"end":1979.991},{"text":"an","start":1980.264,"end":1980.312},{"text":"important","start":1980.361,"end":1980.971},{"text":"source","start":1980.971,"end":1981.276},{"text":"of","start":1981.388,"end":1981.452},{"text":"finance,","start":1981.452,"end":1982.207},{"text":"leverage,","start":1982.657,"end":1983.122},{"text":"and","start":1983.299,"end":1983.363},{"text":"military","start":1983.395,"end":1983.861},{"text":"advantage","start":1983.861,"end":1984.487},{"text":"for","start":1984.921,"end":1985.081},{"text":"conflict","start":1985.081,"end":1985.643},{"text":"parties","start":1985.643,"end":1986.093},{"text":"and","start":1986.366,"end":1986.43},{"text":"organized","start":1986.51,"end":1986.976},{"text":"crimes.","start":1987.008,"end":1987.458}]},{"text":"For example, gold trafficking provides criminal networks in the Amazon Basin with the money they need to corrupt state officials, with criminal spending often exceeding the budgets of law enforcement agencies tasked with combating them.","start":1988.597,"end":2005.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":1988.597,"end":1988.693},{"text":"example,","start":1988.693,"end":1989.512},{"text":"gold","start":1990.057,"end":1990.378},{"text":"trafficking","start":1990.378,"end":1990.955},{"text":"provides","start":1991.02,"end":1991.549},{"text":"criminal","start":1991.581,"end":1992.014},{"text":"networks","start":1992.014,"end":1992.736},{"text":"in","start":1993.49,"end":1993.587},{"text":"the","start":1993.587,"end":1993.747},{"text":"Amazon","start":1993.747,"end":1994.196},{"text":"Basin","start":1994.309,"end":1994.822},{"text":"with","start":1994.95,"end":1995.079},{"text":"the","start":1995.079,"end":1995.111},{"text":"money","start":1995.127,"end":1995.56},{"text":"they","start":1995.993,"end":1996.073},{"text":"need","start":1996.073,"end":1996.523},{"text":"to","start":1996.635,"end":1996.763},{"text":"corrupt","start":1996.779,"end":1997.309},{"text":"state","start":1997.614,"end":1997.934},{"text":"officials,","start":1997.934,"end":1998.448},{"text":"with","start":1999.442,"end":1999.587},{"text":"criminal","start":1999.603,"end":2000.02},{"text":"spending","start":2000.02,"end":2000.614},{"text":"often","start":2001.047,"end":2001.352},{"text":"exceeding","start":2001.352,"end":2001.897},{"text":"the","start":2001.913,"end":2002.074},{"text":"budgets","start":2002.074,"end":2002.571},{"text":"of","start":2002.651,"end":2002.796},{"text":"law","start":2002.812,"end":2002.892},{"text":"enforcement","start":2002.972,"end":2003.598},{"text":"agencies","start":2003.678,"end":2004.272},{"text":"tasked","start":2004.4,"end":2004.961},{"text":"with","start":2004.961,"end":2005.074},{"text":"combating","start":2005.122,"end":2005.667},{"text":"them.","start":2005.699,"end":2005.86}]},{"text":"Secondly, the changing political— the changing geopolitical environment exacerbates how global dependence on critical minerals adds more pressure onto fragile conflict zones.","start":2007.079,"end":2019.547,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":2007.079,"end":2007.673},{"text":"the","start":2008.507,"end":2008.587},{"text":"changing","start":2008.651,"end":2009.197},{"text":"political—","start":2009.293,"end":2009.935},{"text":"the","start":2010.256,"end":2010.352},{"text":"changing","start":2010.352,"end":2010.801},{"text":"geopolitical","start":2010.833,"end":2011.411},{"text":"environment","start":2011.411,"end":2012.053},{"text":"exacerbates","start":2012.133,"end":2012.967},{"text":"how","start":2013.464,"end":2013.673},{"text":"global","start":2013.705,"end":2014.122},{"text":"dependence","start":2014.122,"end":2014.812},{"text":"on","start":2015.085,"end":2015.133},{"text":"critical","start":2015.229,"end":2015.711},{"text":"minerals","start":2015.711,"end":2016.176},{"text":"adds","start":2016.433,"end":2016.593},{"text":"more","start":2016.673,"end":2016.834},{"text":"pressure","start":2016.834,"end":2017.283},{"text":"onto","start":2017.796,"end":2018.053},{"text":"fragile","start":2018.053,"end":2018.68},{"text":"conflict","start":2018.68,"end":2019.161},{"text":"zones.","start":2019.161,"end":2019.547}]},{"text":"In the eastern DRC, there is abundant evidence that foreign powers and the armed groups they support are smuggling out as much of the region's mineral resources and wealth.","start":2020.944,"end":2032.713,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2020.944,"end":2021.024},{"text":"the","start":2021.024,"end":2021.168},{"text":"eastern","start":2021.249,"end":2021.65},{"text":"DRC,","start":2021.65,"end":2022.164},{"text":"there","start":2022.629,"end":2022.774},{"text":"is","start":2022.774,"end":2022.838},{"text":"abundant","start":2022.951,"end":2023.593},{"text":"evidence","start":2023.673,"end":2024.155},{"text":"that","start":2024.155,"end":2024.315},{"text":"foreign","start":2024.315,"end":2024.765},{"text":"powers","start":2024.797,"end":2025.407},{"text":"and","start":2025.68,"end":2025.76},{"text":"the","start":2025.76,"end":2025.841},{"text":"armed","start":2026.066,"end":2026.29},{"text":"groups","start":2026.322,"end":2026.788},{"text":"they","start":2026.788,"end":2026.901},{"text":"support","start":2026.901,"end":2027.527},{"text":"are","start":2027.752,"end":2027.832},{"text":"smuggling","start":2027.832,"end":2028.458},{"text":"out","start":2028.795,"end":2028.988},{"text":"as","start":2029.068,"end":2029.181},{"text":"much","start":2029.293,"end":2029.502},{"text":"of","start":2030.112,"end":2030.24},{"text":"the","start":2030.24,"end":2030.337},{"text":"region's","start":2030.401,"end":2030.883},{"text":"mineral","start":2030.883,"end":2031.236},{"text":"resources","start":2031.364,"end":2031.99},{"text":"and","start":2032.103,"end":2032.344},{"text":"wealth.","start":2032.344,"end":2032.713}]},{"text":"Their connections to global markets only reinforces the region's persistent cycles of conflict despite frequent peace agreements.","start":2034.014,"end":2042.829,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":2034.014,"end":2034.174},{"text":"connections","start":2034.174,"end":2034.8},{"text":"to","start":2034.832,"end":2034.993},{"text":"global","start":2034.993,"end":2035.394},{"text":"markets","start":2035.394,"end":2036.037},{"text":"only","start":2036.117,"end":2036.326},{"text":"reinforces","start":2036.358,"end":2037.289},{"text":"the","start":2037.402,"end":2037.594},{"text":"region's","start":2037.626,"end":2038.124},{"text":"persistent","start":2038.124,"end":2038.863},{"text":"cycles","start":2039.087,"end":2039.617},{"text":"of","start":2039.73,"end":2039.826},{"text":"conflict","start":2039.89,"end":2040.533},{"text":"despite","start":2040.838,"end":2041.512},{"text":"frequent","start":2041.576,"end":2042.058},{"text":"peace","start":2042.058,"end":2042.379},{"text":"agreements.","start":2042.379,"end":2042.829}]},{"text":"This dynamic also works in the opposite direction.","start":2043.647,"end":2046.437,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2043.647,"end":2043.775},{"text":"dynamic","start":2043.807,"end":2044.368},{"text":"also","start":2044.465,"end":2044.769},{"text":"works","start":2044.849,"end":2045.074},{"text":"in","start":2045.25,"end":2045.298},{"text":"the","start":2045.33,"end":2045.475},{"text":"opposite","start":2045.491,"end":2045.988},{"text":"direction.","start":2045.988,"end":2046.437}]},{"text":"Actions taken in one remote area of the world can have global ramifications.","start":2047.511,"end":2052.049,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Actions","start":2047.511,"end":2047.96},{"text":"taken","start":2047.992,"end":2048.393},{"text":"in","start":2048.393,"end":2048.489},{"text":"one","start":2048.553,"end":2048.682},{"text":"remote","start":2048.794,"end":2049.067},{"text":"area","start":2049.275,"end":2049.451},{"text":"of","start":2049.451,"end":2049.644},{"text":"the","start":2049.676,"end":2049.756},{"text":"world","start":2049.836,"end":2050.221},{"text":"can","start":2050.221,"end":2050.365},{"text":"have","start":2050.381,"end":2050.606},{"text":"global","start":2050.702,"end":2051.119},{"text":"ramifications.","start":2051.119,"end":2052.049}]},{"text":"For example, a 2023 decision by the United Wa State Army in Myanmar to suspend its mining of tin ore, a critical component of semiconductors used in servers and AI data centers, raised global prices by nearly 12% overnight.","start":2052.626,"end":2073.084,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":2052.626,"end":2052.69},{"text":"example,","start":2052.706,"end":2053.316},{"text":"a","start":2053.588,"end":2053.604},{"text":"2023","start":2053.668,"end":2054.727},{"text":"decision","start":2054.727,"end":2055.176},{"text":"by","start":2055.689,"end":2055.849},{"text":"the","start":2055.849,"end":2055.994},{"text":"United","start":2055.994,"end":2056.763},{"text":"Wa","start":2056.795,"end":2056.891},{"text":"State","start":2056.988,"end":2057.453},{"text":"Army","start":2057.517,"end":2057.741},{"text":"in","start":2057.757,"end":2057.822},{"text":"Myanmar","start":2057.854,"end":2058.335},{"text":"to","start":2058.335,"end":2058.463},{"text":"suspend","start":2058.479,"end":2059.104},{"text":"its","start":2059.457,"end":2059.569},{"text":"mining","start":2059.633,"end":2060.467},{"text":"of","start":2060.596,"end":2060.708},{"text":"tin","start":2060.804,"end":2061.028},{"text":"ore,","start":2061.205,"end":2061.317},{"text":"a","start":2061.846,"end":2061.862},{"text":"critical","start":2061.926,"end":2062.472},{"text":"component","start":2062.488,"end":2063.065},{"text":"of","start":2063.065,"end":2063.145},{"text":"semiconductors","start":2063.145,"end":2064.155},{"text":"used","start":2064.652,"end":2064.989},{"text":"in","start":2064.989,"end":2065.117},{"text":"servers","start":2065.214,"end":2065.679},{"text":"and","start":2065.935,"end":2065.999},{"text":"AI","start":2066.256,"end":2066.512},{"text":"data","start":2066.512,"end":2066.897},{"text":"centers,","start":2066.897,"end":2067.442},{"text":"raised","start":2067.875,"end":2068.18},{"text":"global","start":2068.18,"end":2068.581},{"text":"prices","start":2068.597,"end":2069.046},{"text":"by","start":2069.158,"end":2069.318},{"text":"nearly","start":2069.318,"end":2069.767},{"text":"12%","start":2069.783,"end":2070.088},{"text":"overnight.","start":2072.47,"end":2073.084}]},{"text":"Thirdly, efforts to bring peace need to address the way revenues from natural resources are distributed alongside political and security questions.","start":2073.181,"end":2082.683,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":2073.181,"end":2073.391},{"text":"efforts","start":2074.458,"end":2074.797},{"text":"to","start":2074.797,"end":2074.943},{"text":"bring","start":2074.943,"end":2075.136},{"text":"peace","start":2075.201,"end":2075.492},{"text":"need","start":2075.912,"end":2076.074},{"text":"to","start":2076.074,"end":2076.251},{"text":"address","start":2076.251,"end":2076.526},{"text":"the","start":2076.655,"end":2076.785},{"text":"way","start":2076.817,"end":2077.059},{"text":"revenues","start":2077.059,"end":2077.592},{"text":"from","start":2077.706,"end":2077.867},{"text":"natural","start":2077.867,"end":2078.271},{"text":"resources","start":2078.271,"end":2078.885},{"text":"are","start":2078.998,"end":2079.095},{"text":"distributed","start":2079.144,"end":2079.935},{"text":"alongside","start":2080.275,"end":2080.905},{"text":"political","start":2080.937,"end":2081.454},{"text":"and","start":2081.567,"end":2081.632},{"text":"security","start":2081.664,"end":2082.166},{"text":"questions.","start":2082.23,"end":2082.683}]},{"text":"Time and again, extraction of mineral wealth has led to very few social or economic benefits for citizens and communities, including the many who depend on artisanal and small-scale mining.","start":2083.508,"end":2097.108,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Time","start":2083.508,"end":2083.783},{"text":"and","start":2083.831,"end":2083.977},{"text":"again,","start":2084.074,"end":2084.624},{"text":"extraction","start":2084.721,"end":2085.513},{"text":"of","start":2085.626,"end":2085.772},{"text":"mineral","start":2086.095,"end":2086.402},{"text":"wealth","start":2086.516,"end":2086.888},{"text":"has","start":2087.227,"end":2087.373},{"text":"led","start":2087.47,"end":2087.712},{"text":"to","start":2087.712,"end":2087.826},{"text":"very","start":2087.89,"end":2088.1},{"text":"few","start":2088.133,"end":2088.618},{"text":"social","start":2088.618,"end":2089.216},{"text":"or","start":2089.572,"end":2089.734},{"text":"economic","start":2089.734,"end":2090.235},{"text":"benefits","start":2090.235,"end":2090.752},{"text":"for","start":2090.963,"end":2091.045},{"text":"citizens","start":2091.045,"end":2091.662},{"text":"and","start":2091.695,"end":2091.841},{"text":"communities,","start":2091.841,"end":2092.231},{"text":"including","start":2092.914,"end":2093.353},{"text":"the","start":2093.386,"end":2093.483},{"text":"many","start":2093.483,"end":2093.857},{"text":"who","start":2093.873,"end":2094.036},{"text":"depend","start":2094.036,"end":2094.41},{"text":"on","start":2094.849,"end":2094.897},{"text":"artisanal","start":2094.93,"end":2095.726},{"text":"and","start":2095.922,"end":2096.019},{"text":"small-scale","start":2096.019,"end":2096.783},{"text":"mining.","start":2096.799,"end":2097.108}]},{"text":"The pattern holds even in areas unaffected by armed group violence.","start":2098.078,"end":2102.654,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2098.078,"end":2098.174},{"text":"pattern","start":2098.174,"end":2098.624},{"text":"holds","start":2098.656,"end":2099.025},{"text":"even","start":2099.282,"end":2099.62},{"text":"in","start":2099.684,"end":2099.796},{"text":"areas","start":2099.925,"end":2100.31},{"text":"unaffected","start":2100.422,"end":2101.193},{"text":"by","start":2101.37,"end":2101.53},{"text":"armed","start":2101.691,"end":2101.932},{"text":"group","start":2101.932,"end":2102.189},{"text":"violence.","start":2102.189,"end":2102.654}]},{"text":"External predation is the primary driver of why mineral wealth does not reach ordinary citizens, so sustainable paths to peace need to consider the ways these resource supply chains are governed and who benefits.","start":2103.473,"end":2119.658,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"External","start":2103.473,"end":2104.083},{"text":"predation","start":2104.18,"end":2104.726},{"text":"is","start":2105.641,"end":2105.769},{"text":"the","start":2105.785,"end":2105.882},{"text":"primary","start":2105.946,"end":2106.411},{"text":"driver","start":2106.428,"end":2106.893},{"text":"of","start":2106.99,"end":2107.134},{"text":"why","start":2107.166,"end":2107.246},{"text":"mineral","start":2107.343,"end":2107.921},{"text":"wealth","start":2108.033,"end":2108.338},{"text":"does","start":2108.692,"end":2108.82},{"text":"not","start":2108.932,"end":2109.237},{"text":"reach","start":2109.237,"end":2109.382},{"text":"ordinary","start":2109.639,"end":2109.912},{"text":"citizens,","start":2109.912,"end":2110.506},{"text":"so","start":2111.116,"end":2111.341},{"text":"sustainable","start":2111.341,"end":2112.015},{"text":"paths","start":2112.063,"end":2112.417},{"text":"to","start":2112.866,"end":2113.011},{"text":"peace","start":2113.011,"end":2113.316},{"text":"need","start":2113.509,"end":2113.669},{"text":"to","start":2113.669,"end":2113.749},{"text":"consider","start":2113.749,"end":2114.36},{"text":"the","start":2114.777,"end":2114.938},{"text":"ways","start":2114.938,"end":2115.243},{"text":"these","start":2115.5,"end":2115.628},{"text":"resource","start":2115.74,"end":2116.832},{"text":"supply","start":2116.945,"end":2117.442},{"text":"chains","start":2117.442,"end":2117.812},{"text":"are","start":2117.924,"end":2118.053},{"text":"governed","start":2118.069,"end":2118.454},{"text":"and","start":2118.791,"end":2118.936},{"text":"who","start":2118.968,"end":2119.128},{"text":"benefits.","start":2119.128,"end":2119.658}]},{"text":"And fourthly, the political cost of weak resource governance are both domestic and cross-border, particularly in environment— in environmental terms.","start":2120.252,"end":2130.337,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2120.252,"end":2120.317},{"text":"fourthly,","start":2120.397,"end":2120.943},{"text":"the","start":2121.521,"end":2121.617},{"text":"political","start":2121.617,"end":2122.147},{"text":"cost","start":2122.163,"end":2122.998},{"text":"of","start":2122.966,"end":2123.03},{"text":"weak","start":2123.143,"end":2123.383},{"text":"resource","start":2123.464,"end":2123.945},{"text":"governance","start":2123.945,"end":2124.491},{"text":"are","start":2124.572,"end":2124.668},{"text":"both","start":2124.668,"end":2124.877},{"text":"domestic","start":2124.925,"end":2125.696},{"text":"and","start":2125.937,"end":2126.001},{"text":"cross-border,","start":2126.033,"end":2126.74},{"text":"particularly","start":2127.077,"end":2127.687},{"text":"in","start":2127.719,"end":2127.767},{"text":"environment—","start":2127.864,"end":2128.619},{"text":"in","start":2128.924,"end":2129.116},{"text":"environmental","start":2129.165,"end":2129.903},{"text":"terms.","start":2129.968,"end":2130.337}]},{"text":"This is nowhere more evident than in the 9 countries where territory in the Amazon Basin, the world's largest tropical rainforest.","start":2131.333,"end":2139.378,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2131.333,"end":2131.573},{"text":"is","start":2131.573,"end":2131.718},{"text":"nowhere","start":2131.718,"end":2132.055},{"text":"more","start":2132.055,"end":2132.36},{"text":"evident","start":2132.36,"end":2133.019},{"text":"than","start":2133.083,"end":2133.26},{"text":"in","start":2133.26,"end":2133.356},{"text":"the","start":2133.356,"end":2133.565},{"text":"9","start":2133.565,"end":2133.87},{"text":"countries","start":2133.902,"end":2134.432},{"text":"where","start":2134.528,"end":2134.689},{"text":"territory","start":2134.689,"end":2135.235},{"text":"in","start":2135.347,"end":2135.428},{"text":"the","start":2135.428,"end":2135.636},{"text":"Amazon","start":2135.652,"end":2136.038},{"text":"Basin,","start":2136.07,"end":2136.52},{"text":"the","start":2136.953,"end":2136.985},{"text":"world's","start":2137.114,"end":2137.644},{"text":"largest","start":2137.66,"end":2138.077},{"text":"tropical","start":2138.077,"end":2138.591},{"text":"rainforest.","start":2138.623,"end":2139.378}]},{"text":"Illegal mining and gold trafficking contaminate waterways that cross frontiers, harming soil and plant life, while timber extraction and deforestation risk transforming the Amazon from a global carbon sink to a carbon resource.","start":2140.101,"end":2155.014,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Illegal","start":2140.101,"end":2140.502},{"text":"mining","start":2140.502,"end":2140.936},{"text":"and","start":2141.209,"end":2141.273},{"text":"gold","start":2141.353,"end":2141.594},{"text":"trafficking","start":2141.594,"end":2142.06},{"text":"contaminate","start":2142.092,"end":2142.879},{"text":"waterways","start":2142.879,"end":2143.425},{"text":"that","start":2143.923,"end":2144.019},{"text":"cross","start":2144.019,"end":2144.34},{"text":"frontiers,","start":2144.34,"end":2145.031},{"text":"harming","start":2145.609,"end":2145.962},{"text":"soil","start":2145.962,"end":2146.364},{"text":"and","start":2146.364,"end":2146.476},{"text":"plant","start":2146.508,"end":2146.894},{"text":"life,","start":2146.894,"end":2147.134},{"text":"while","start":2147.696,"end":2147.873},{"text":"timber","start":2147.873,"end":2148.21},{"text":"extraction","start":2148.291,"end":2148.724},{"text":"and","start":2148.901,"end":2148.997},{"text":"deforestation","start":2148.997,"end":2150.009},{"text":"risk","start":2150.428,"end":2150.67},{"text":"transforming","start":2150.67,"end":2151.219},{"text":"the","start":2151.252,"end":2151.478},{"text":"Amazon","start":2151.478,"end":2151.865},{"text":"from","start":2151.897,"end":2152.124},{"text":"a","start":2152.124,"end":2152.204},{"text":"global","start":2152.204,"end":2152.576},{"text":"carbon","start":2152.608,"end":2153.028},{"text":"sink","start":2153.028,"end":2153.464},{"text":"to","start":2153.819,"end":2153.965},{"text":"a","start":2153.981,"end":2154.061},{"text":"carbon","start":2154.061,"end":2154.53},{"text":"resource.","start":2154.643,"end":2155.014}]},{"text":"So what to do?","start":2156.602,"end":2157.328,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2156.602,"end":2156.828},{"text":"what","start":2156.828,"end":2156.989},{"text":"to","start":2156.989,"end":2157.102},{"text":"do?","start":2157.102,"end":2157.328}]},{"text":"We believe that the goal for all states should be to build comprehensive approaches to natural resource management that reduce incentives for violence, improve accountability, and ensure that natural resource wealth benefits communities contributing to and living alongside all parts of these supply chains.","start":2158.28,"end":2178.238,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2158.28,"end":2158.458},{"text":"believe","start":2158.458,"end":2158.781},{"text":"that","start":2158.781,"end":2158.926},{"text":"the","start":2158.926,"end":2159.023},{"text":"goal","start":2159.087,"end":2159.313},{"text":"for","start":2159.426,"end":2159.652},{"text":"all","start":2159.652,"end":2159.765},{"text":"states","start":2159.765,"end":2160.281},{"text":"should","start":2160.394,"end":2160.604},{"text":"be","start":2160.637,"end":2160.717},{"text":"to","start":2160.717,"end":2160.895},{"text":"build","start":2161.04,"end":2161.411},{"text":"comprehensive","start":2161.508,"end":2162.218},{"text":"approaches","start":2162.331,"end":2162.864},{"text":"to","start":2163.203,"end":2163.267},{"text":"natural","start":2163.3,"end":2163.703},{"text":"resource","start":2163.703,"end":2164.187},{"text":"management","start":2164.187,"end":2164.913},{"text":"that","start":2165.22,"end":2165.381},{"text":"reduce","start":2165.381,"end":2165.833},{"text":"incentives","start":2165.946,"end":2166.495},{"text":"for","start":2166.592,"end":2166.688},{"text":"violence,","start":2166.688,"end":2167.188},{"text":"improve","start":2167.721,"end":2168.14},{"text":"accountability,","start":2168.14,"end":2168.963},{"text":"and","start":2169.35,"end":2169.495},{"text":"ensure","start":2169.495,"end":2169.979},{"text":"that","start":2169.979,"end":2170.157},{"text":"natural","start":2170.157,"end":2170.56},{"text":"resource","start":2170.56,"end":2171.076},{"text":"wealth","start":2171.109,"end":2171.334},{"text":"benefits","start":2171.915,"end":2172.399},{"text":"communities","start":2172.399,"end":2172.948},{"text":"contributing","start":2173.061,"end":2173.754},{"text":"to","start":2173.77,"end":2174.045},{"text":"and","start":2174.512,"end":2174.658},{"text":"living","start":2174.658,"end":2174.932},{"text":"alongside","start":2175.077,"end":2175.609},{"text":"all","start":2176.086,"end":2176.134},{"text":"parts","start":2176.263,"end":2176.664},{"text":"of","start":2176.745,"end":2176.825},{"text":"these","start":2176.825,"end":2177.034},{"text":"supply","start":2177.403,"end":2177.869},{"text":"chains.","start":2177.869,"end":2178.238}]},{"text":"Internationally, we see a role for more active engagement from the United Nations.","start":2179.218,"end":2183.779,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Internationally,","start":2179.218,"end":2179.924},{"text":"we","start":2180.037,"end":2180.117},{"text":"see","start":2180.117,"end":2180.358},{"text":"a","start":2180.358,"end":2180.502},{"text":"role","start":2180.519,"end":2180.647},{"text":"for","start":2181.081,"end":2181.225},{"text":"more","start":2181.225,"end":2181.418},{"text":"active","start":2181.562,"end":2181.948},{"text":"engagement","start":2181.948,"end":2182.606},{"text":"from","start":2182.67,"end":2182.783},{"text":"the","start":2182.783,"end":2182.911},{"text":"United","start":2182.911,"end":2183.329},{"text":"Nations.","start":2183.329,"end":2183.779}]},{"text":"Formal and informal council sessions like today's can gradually help build consensus around the link between natural resource exploitation and conflict, even if that link is complex and context-specific.","start":2184.549,"end":2198.746,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Formal","start":2184.549,"end":2185.256},{"text":"and","start":2185.256,"end":2185.401},{"text":"informal","start":2185.401,"end":2185.898},{"text":"council","start":2185.898,"end":2186.316},{"text":"sessions","start":2186.316,"end":2186.83},{"text":"like","start":2186.862,"end":2186.974},{"text":"today's","start":2187.023,"end":2187.553},{"text":"can","start":2188.066,"end":2188.227},{"text":"gradually","start":2188.227,"end":2188.709},{"text":"help","start":2188.709,"end":2189.014},{"text":"build","start":2189.03,"end":2189.255},{"text":"consensus","start":2189.255,"end":2189.994},{"text":"around","start":2190.058,"end":2190.315},{"text":"the","start":2190.315,"end":2190.411},{"text":"link","start":2190.475,"end":2190.893},{"text":"between","start":2191.198,"end":2191.583},{"text":"natural","start":2191.583,"end":2192.001},{"text":"resource","start":2192.001,"end":2192.419},{"text":"exploitation","start":2192.419,"end":2193.173},{"text":"and","start":2193.607,"end":2193.784},{"text":"conflict,","start":2193.832,"end":2194.33},{"text":"even","start":2194.715,"end":2194.94},{"text":"if","start":2195.052,"end":2195.133},{"text":"that","start":2195.133,"end":2195.598},{"text":"link","start":2195.598,"end":2195.952},{"text":"is","start":2196.112,"end":2196.225},{"text":"complex","start":2196.321,"end":2196.979},{"text":"and","start":2197.124,"end":2197.284},{"text":"context-specific.","start":2197.284,"end":2198.746}]},{"text":"Member states and private corporations alike should draw upon an array of technical expertise such as those outlined in the UN guidance on critical energy transition minerals to make sure their due diligence, risk management, and human rights practices are sharp and up to date.","start":2199.87,"end":2217.978,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Member","start":2199.87,"end":2200.111},{"text":"states","start":2200.111,"end":2200.657},{"text":"and","start":2200.673,"end":2200.737},{"text":"private","start":2200.818,"end":2201.299},{"text":"corporations","start":2201.299,"end":2202.167},{"text":"alike","start":2202.44,"end":2202.921},{"text":"should","start":2203.306,"end":2203.467},{"text":"draw","start":2203.467,"end":2203.787},{"text":"upon","start":2203.867,"end":2204.092},{"text":"an","start":2204.124,"end":2204.252},{"text":"array","start":2204.268,"end":2204.605},{"text":"of","start":2204.605,"end":2204.733},{"text":"technical","start":2204.765,"end":2205.246},{"text":"expertise","start":2205.246,"end":2205.936},{"text":"such","start":2206.385,"end":2206.69},{"text":"as","start":2206.69,"end":2206.738},{"text":"those","start":2206.85,"end":2207.058},{"text":"outlined","start":2207.315,"end":2207.748},{"text":"in","start":2207.748,"end":2207.876},{"text":"the","start":2207.876,"end":2208.037},{"text":"UN","start":2208.037,"end":2208.261},{"text":"guidance","start":2208.373,"end":2208.935},{"text":"on","start":2209.015,"end":2209.159},{"text":"critical","start":2209.159,"end":2209.528},{"text":"energy","start":2209.656,"end":2209.977},{"text":"transition","start":2210.057,"end":2210.618},{"text":"minerals","start":2210.618,"end":2210.987},{"text":"to","start":2211.564,"end":2211.661},{"text":"make","start":2211.661,"end":2211.821},{"text":"sure","start":2211.821,"end":2212.222},{"text":"their","start":2212.222,"end":2212.462},{"text":"due","start":2212.462,"end":2212.623},{"text":"diligence,","start":2212.623,"end":2213.136},{"text":"risk","start":2213.745,"end":2214.05},{"text":"management,","start":2214.05,"end":2214.643},{"text":"and","start":2214.948,"end":2215.012},{"text":"human","start":2215.092,"end":2215.461},{"text":"rights","start":2215.461,"end":2215.717},{"text":"practices","start":2215.733,"end":2216.198},{"text":"are","start":2216.375,"end":2216.407},{"text":"sharp","start":2216.407,"end":2216.968},{"text":"and","start":2217.273,"end":2217.369},{"text":"up","start":2217.369,"end":2217.513},{"text":"to","start":2217.513,"end":2217.658},{"text":"date.","start":2217.658,"end":2217.978}]},{"text":"But these practices cannot be seen as box-checking measures.","start":2219.197,"end":2223.174,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2219.197,"end":2219.309},{"text":"these","start":2219.422,"end":2219.646},{"text":"practices","start":2219.742,"end":2220.368},{"text":"cannot","start":2220.48,"end":2220.945},{"text":"be","start":2220.945,"end":2221.041},{"text":"seen","start":2221.041,"end":2221.49},{"text":"as","start":2221.682,"end":2221.811},{"text":"box-checking","start":2221.923,"end":2222.693},{"text":"measures.","start":2222.789,"end":2223.174}]},{"text":"They will need to be accompanied by detailed ground-level information and political analysis to understand both the short and long-term conflict risks, particularly considering the gold rush from critical supply chains.","start":2224.392,"end":2238.179,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2224.392,"end":2224.457},{"text":"will","start":2224.553,"end":2224.649},{"text":"need","start":2224.649,"end":2224.97},{"text":"to","start":2224.97,"end":2225.05},{"text":"be","start":2225.05,"end":2225.194},{"text":"accompanied","start":2225.194,"end":2225.771},{"text":"by","start":2225.771,"end":2225.996},{"text":"detailed","start":2226.092,"end":2226.862},{"text":"ground-level","start":2227.439,"end":2228.177},{"text":"information","start":2228.177,"end":2228.786},{"text":"and","start":2229.059,"end":2229.123},{"text":"political","start":2229.219,"end":2229.684},{"text":"analysis","start":2229.684,"end":2230.165},{"text":"to","start":2230.582,"end":2230.711},{"text":"understand","start":2230.807,"end":2231.45},{"text":"both","start":2231.45,"end":2231.69},{"text":"the","start":2231.69,"end":2231.771},{"text":"short","start":2231.771,"end":2232.188},{"text":"and","start":2232.333,"end":2232.429},{"text":"long-term","start":2232.429,"end":2232.991},{"text":"conflict","start":2232.991,"end":2233.473},{"text":"risks,","start":2233.473,"end":2233.955},{"text":"particularly","start":2234.421,"end":2234.887},{"text":"considering","start":2234.919,"end":2235.529},{"text":"the","start":2235.561,"end":2235.706},{"text":"gold","start":2235.706,"end":2236.027},{"text":"rush","start":2236.027,"end":2236.3},{"text":"from","start":2236.734,"end":2236.814},{"text":"critical","start":2236.91,"end":2237.344},{"text":"supply","start":2237.344,"end":2237.89},{"text":"chains.","start":2237.89,"end":2238.179}]},{"text":"In some instances, UN peacekeeping missions and political offices operating in these areas can be useful ports of call.","start":2239.416,"end":2247.237,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2239.416,"end":2239.496},{"text":"some","start":2239.496,"end":2239.737},{"text":"instances,","start":2239.737,"end":2240.428},{"text":"UN","start":2241.247,"end":2241.568},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":2241.568,"end":2242.194},{"text":"missions","start":2242.226,"end":2242.789},{"text":"and","start":2242.789,"end":2242.853},{"text":"political","start":2242.853,"end":2243.335},{"text":"offices","start":2243.351,"end":2243.768},{"text":"operating","start":2243.897,"end":2244.395},{"text":"in","start":2244.395,"end":2244.491},{"text":"these","start":2244.539,"end":2244.764},{"text":"areas","start":2244.86,"end":2245.15},{"text":"can","start":2245.15,"end":2245.985},{"text":"be","start":2245.985,"end":2246.081},{"text":"useful","start":2246.145,"end":2246.515},{"text":"ports","start":2246.563,"end":2246.852},{"text":"of","start":2246.948,"end":2246.997},{"text":"call.","start":2247.045,"end":2247.237}]},{"text":"In others, experts in UN country teams may be better positioned to bridge those gaps.","start":2248.314,"end":2254.642,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2248.314,"end":2248.458},{"text":"others,","start":2248.554,"end":2248.94},{"text":"experts","start":2249.374,"end":2250.048},{"text":"in","start":2250.257,"end":2250.305},{"text":"UN","start":2250.498,"end":2250.787},{"text":"country","start":2250.819,"end":2251.221},{"text":"teams","start":2251.285,"end":2251.718},{"text":"may","start":2252.329,"end":2252.425},{"text":"be","start":2252.425,"end":2252.586},{"text":"better","start":2252.586,"end":2252.843},{"text":"positioned","start":2252.907,"end":2253.517},{"text":"to","start":2253.533,"end":2253.678},{"text":"bridge","start":2253.71,"end":2253.919},{"text":"those","start":2254.096,"end":2254.24},{"text":"gaps.","start":2254.352,"end":2254.642}]},{"text":"In the long run, Member states should take steps to improve how they cooperate on natural resources to reduce the frictions that are becoming more common in this era of strategic competition.","start":2255.798,"end":2268.088,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2255.798,"end":2255.878},{"text":"the","start":2255.878,"end":2255.959},{"text":"long","start":2256.023,"end":2256.248},{"text":"run,","start":2256.28,"end":2256.489},{"text":"Member","start":2257.082,"end":2257.323},{"text":"states","start":2257.323,"end":2257.804},{"text":"should","start":2257.804,"end":2257.949},{"text":"take","start":2257.949,"end":2258.141},{"text":"steps","start":2258.141,"end":2258.558},{"text":"to","start":2258.671,"end":2258.847},{"text":"improve","start":2258.847,"end":2259.377},{"text":"how","start":2259.633,"end":2259.665},{"text":"they","start":2259.73,"end":2259.89},{"text":"cooperate","start":2259.89,"end":2260.419},{"text":"on","start":2260.516,"end":2260.564},{"text":"natural","start":2260.612,"end":2260.981},{"text":"resources","start":2261.013,"end":2261.783},{"text":"to","start":2261.815,"end":2261.911},{"text":"reduce","start":2261.911,"end":2262.264},{"text":"the","start":2262.296,"end":2262.457},{"text":"frictions","start":2262.457,"end":2262.986},{"text":"that","start":2263.644,"end":2263.708},{"text":"are","start":2263.708,"end":2263.74},{"text":"becoming","start":2263.74,"end":2264.19},{"text":"more","start":2264.222,"end":2264.43},{"text":"common","start":2264.446,"end":2264.831},{"text":"in","start":2265.248,"end":2265.297},{"text":"this","start":2265.345,"end":2265.473},{"text":"era","start":2265.73,"end":2266.5},{"text":"of","start":2266.869,"end":2266.933},{"text":"strategic","start":2266.933,"end":2267.494},{"text":"competition.","start":2267.494,"end":2268.088}]},{"text":"That is especially true regarding critical minerals.","start":2268.778,"end":2271.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":2268.778,"end":2269.179},{"text":"is","start":2269.179,"end":2269.243},{"text":"especially","start":2269.291,"end":2269.837},{"text":"true","start":2269.837,"end":2270.238},{"text":"regarding","start":2270.398,"end":2270.928},{"text":"critical","start":2271.024,"end":2271.425},{"text":"minerals.","start":2271.425,"end":2271.89}]},{"text":"According to a UN 2025 study conducted by UN Working Group on Extractive Industries and Sustainable Development, there are 150 and/or regional initiatives, partnerships, or alliances on critical energy transition minerals.","start":2272.805,"end":2288.825,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"According","start":2272.805,"end":2273.254},{"text":"to","start":2273.286,"end":2273.478},{"text":"a","start":2273.511,"end":2273.623},{"text":"UN","start":2273.671,"end":2273.976},{"text":"2025","start":2274.008,"end":2274.97},{"text":"study","start":2274.97,"end":2275.436},{"text":"conducted","start":2275.436,"end":2276.045},{"text":"by","start":2276.414,"end":2276.687},{"text":"UN","start":2276.735,"end":2276.96},{"text":"Working","start":2277.12,"end":2277.473},{"text":"Group","start":2277.521,"end":2277.954},{"text":"on","start":2278.019,"end":2278.067},{"text":"Extractive","start":2278.099,"end":2278.676},{"text":"Industries","start":2278.676,"end":2279.302},{"text":"and","start":2279.302,"end":2279.382},{"text":"Sustainable","start":2279.382,"end":2279.912},{"text":"Development,","start":2279.96,"end":2280.666},{"text":"there","start":2281.147,"end":2281.259},{"text":"are","start":2281.259,"end":2281.291},{"text":"150","start":2281.291,"end":2282.479},{"text":"and/or","start":2282.976,"end":2283.394},{"text":"regional","start":2283.394,"end":2283.876},{"text":"initiatives,","start":2283.876,"end":2284.487},{"text":"partnerships,","start":2284.599,"end":2285.258},{"text":"or","start":2285.547,"end":2285.579},{"text":"alliances","start":2285.579,"end":2286.254},{"text":"on","start":2286.688,"end":2286.784},{"text":"critical","start":2286.849,"end":2287.379},{"text":"energy","start":2287.475,"end":2287.748},{"text":"transition","start":2287.797,"end":2288.375},{"text":"minerals.","start":2288.375,"end":2288.825}]},{"text":"There is no established global forum to promote dialogue and cooperation among all the stakeholders involved in the sector, even as critical mineral chains risk fragmenting along geopolitical lines.","start":2289.741,"end":2303.608,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":2289.741,"end":2289.902},{"text":"is","start":2289.902,"end":2289.95},{"text":"no","start":2290.143,"end":2290.448},{"text":"established","start":2290.48,"end":2291.107},{"text":"global","start":2291.107,"end":2291.492},{"text":"forum","start":2291.492,"end":2292.023},{"text":"to","start":2292.392,"end":2292.537},{"text":"promote","start":2292.537,"end":2292.938},{"text":"dialogue","start":2292.938,"end":2293.372},{"text":"and","start":2293.372,"end":2293.565},{"text":"cooperation","start":2293.581,"end":2294.208},{"text":"among","start":2294.722,"end":2294.995},{"text":"all","start":2295.268,"end":2295.3},{"text":"the","start":2295.3,"end":2295.381},{"text":"stakeholders","start":2295.381,"end":2296.216},{"text":"involved","start":2296.891,"end":2297.309},{"text":"in","start":2297.309,"end":2297.373},{"text":"the","start":2297.373,"end":2297.47},{"text":"sector,","start":2297.47,"end":2298.016},{"text":"even","start":2298.562,"end":2298.868},{"text":"as","start":2298.964,"end":2299.028},{"text":"critical","start":2299.141,"end":2299.526},{"text":"mineral","start":2299.526,"end":2299.928},{"text":"chains","start":2300.105,"end":2300.555},{"text":"risk","start":2301.005,"end":2301.31},{"text":"fragmenting","start":2301.31,"end":2302.001},{"text":"along","start":2302.258,"end":2302.563},{"text":"geopolitical","start":2302.66,"end":2303.222},{"text":"lines.","start":2303.222,"end":2303.608}]},{"text":"The surge in geopolitical interest across critical minerals provides an opening to create a platform for deconfliction.","start":2304.668,"end":2312.635,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2304.668,"end":2304.716},{"text":"surge","start":2304.749,"end":2305.215},{"text":"in","start":2305.488,"end":2305.632},{"text":"geopolitical","start":2305.632,"end":2306.243},{"text":"interest","start":2306.452,"end":2307.191},{"text":"across","start":2307.255,"end":2307.641},{"text":"critical","start":2307.641,"end":2308.059},{"text":"minerals","start":2308.059,"end":2308.589},{"text":"provides","start":2308.944,"end":2309.429},{"text":"an","start":2309.429,"end":2309.559},{"text":"opening","start":2309.656,"end":2310.045},{"text":"to","start":2310.223,"end":2310.304},{"text":"create","start":2310.304,"end":2310.741},{"text":"a","start":2310.741,"end":2310.757},{"text":"platform","start":2310.87,"end":2311.405},{"text":"for","start":2311.842,"end":2311.939},{"text":"deconfliction.","start":2311.939,"end":2312.635}]},{"text":"We hope that tomorrow's high-level meeting on critical energy transitions minerals and the 22nd June Security Council open debate on natural resource governance are chances to start that process, and this area certainly lays the groundwork.","start":2313.704,"end":2330.285,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2313.704,"end":2313.801},{"text":"hope","start":2313.801,"end":2314.125},{"text":"that","start":2314.125,"end":2314.4},{"text":"tomorrow's","start":2314.449,"end":2314.999},{"text":"high-level","start":2314.999,"end":2315.582},{"text":"meeting","start":2315.582,"end":2315.954},{"text":"on","start":2316.229,"end":2316.359},{"text":"critical","start":2316.375,"end":2316.877},{"text":"energy","start":2316.877,"end":2317.217},{"text":"transitions","start":2317.25,"end":2317.896},{"text":"minerals","start":2318.091,"end":2318.463},{"text":"and","start":2319.126,"end":2319.207},{"text":"the","start":2319.207,"end":2319.304},{"text":"22nd","start":2319.304,"end":2320.112},{"text":"June","start":2320.112,"end":2320.403},{"text":"Security","start":2320.436,"end":2320.969},{"text":"Council","start":2320.986,"end":2321.519},{"text":"open","start":2321.891,"end":2322.134},{"text":"debate","start":2322.134,"end":2322.587},{"text":"on","start":2322.797,"end":2322.894},{"text":"natural","start":2322.943,"end":2323.396},{"text":"resource","start":2323.428,"end":2323.8},{"text":"governance","start":2323.913,"end":2324.35},{"text":"are","start":2325.029,"end":2325.126},{"text":"chances","start":2325.126,"end":2325.741},{"text":"to","start":2326.161,"end":2326.258},{"text":"start","start":2326.258,"end":2326.55},{"text":"that","start":2326.55,"end":2326.744},{"text":"process,","start":2326.744,"end":2327.342},{"text":"and","start":2327.876,"end":2327.973},{"text":"this","start":2327.973,"end":2328.231},{"text":"area","start":2328.345,"end":2328.684},{"text":"certainly","start":2328.684,"end":2329.169},{"text":"lays","start":2329.234,"end":2329.461},{"text":"the","start":2329.655,"end":2329.752},{"text":"groundwork.","start":2329.752,"end":2330.285}]},{"text":"I thank you for your attention.","start":2330.851,"end":2332,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2330.851,"end":2330.868},{"text":"thank","start":2330.932,"end":2331.175},{"text":"you","start":2331.175,"end":2331.207},{"text":"for","start":2331.256,"end":2331.434},{"text":"your","start":2331.434,"end":2331.579},{"text":"attention.","start":2331.579,"end":2332}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Comfort Ero","affiliation":"ICG","affiliation_full":"ICG","group":null,"function":"President and CEO"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":2333.762,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=2334","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Comfort.","start":2333.762,"end":2335.865,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2333.762,"end":2333.94},{"text":"you","start":2333.94,"end":2334.021},{"text":"very","start":2334.021,"end":2334.199},{"text":"much,","start":2334.199,"end":2334.587},{"text":"Mr.","start":2335.008,"end":2335.347},{"text":"Comfort.","start":2335.396,"end":2335.865}]},{"text":"You really made a point between— on the link between conflicts and natural resources.","start":2337.015,"end":2342.304,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":2337.015,"end":2337.241},{"text":"really","start":2337.338,"end":2337.564},{"text":"made","start":2337.564,"end":2337.741},{"text":"a","start":2337.741,"end":2337.822},{"text":"point","start":2337.902,"end":2338.321},{"text":"between—","start":2338.531,"end":2339.241},{"text":"on","start":2339.257,"end":2339.321},{"text":"the","start":2339.353,"end":2339.499},{"text":"link","start":2339.499,"end":2339.676},{"text":"between","start":2339.676,"end":2340.208},{"text":"conflicts","start":2340.788,"end":2341.272},{"text":"and","start":2341.272,"end":2341.417},{"text":"natural","start":2341.433,"end":2341.837},{"text":"resources.","start":2341.837,"end":2342.304}]},{"text":"We now give the floor to Dr. Gracelyn Christina Braxkaran.","start":2343.53,"end":2349.462,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2343.53,"end":2343.626},{"text":"now","start":2343.626,"end":2343.723},{"text":"give","start":2343.852,"end":2344.029},{"text":"the","start":2344.029,"end":2344.174},{"text":"floor","start":2344.174,"end":2344.432},{"text":"to","start":2344.432,"end":2344.61},{"text":"Dr.","start":2345.708,"end":2346.052},{"text":"Gracelyn","start":2346.216,"end":2346.757},{"text":"Christina","start":2346.954,"end":2347.855},{"text":"Braxkaran.","start":2348.74,"end":2349.462}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":14,"start":2351.226,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=2352","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellencies, Ministers, distinguished delegates, thank you for the opportunity to speak today.","start":2351.226,"end":2355.692,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2351.226,"end":2351.74},{"text":"Ministers,","start":2351.804,"end":2352.334},{"text":"distinguished","start":2352.447,"end":2353.057},{"text":"delegates,","start":2353.073,"end":2353.491},{"text":"thank","start":2353.571,"end":2353.732},{"text":"you","start":2353.732,"end":2353.828},{"text":"for","start":2353.877,"end":2353.989},{"text":"the","start":2353.989,"end":2354.198},{"text":"opportunity","start":2354.198,"end":2354.824},{"text":"to","start":2354.937,"end":2355.033},{"text":"speak","start":2355.082,"end":2355.339},{"text":"today.","start":2355.339,"end":2355.692}]},{"text":"It is particularly meaningful to discuss this issue in a forum convened by the Democratic Republic of Congo, a country that sits at the heart of the global conversation on critical minerals.","start":2356.303,"end":2367.173,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2356.303,"end":2356.383},{"text":"is","start":2356.383,"end":2356.431},{"text":"particularly","start":2356.528,"end":2357.074},{"text":"meaningful","start":2357.17,"end":2357.556},{"text":"to","start":2357.668,"end":2357.813},{"text":"discuss","start":2357.813,"end":2358.199},{"text":"this","start":2358.231,"end":2358.552},{"text":"issue","start":2358.632,"end":2358.97},{"text":"in","start":2359.275,"end":2359.355},{"text":"a","start":2359.355,"end":2359.371},{"text":"forum","start":2359.371,"end":2359.757},{"text":"convened","start":2359.821,"end":2360.368},{"text":"by","start":2360.705,"end":2360.85},{"text":"the","start":2360.85,"end":2360.898},{"text":"Democratic","start":2360.946,"end":2361.431},{"text":"Republic","start":2361.431,"end":2361.834},{"text":"of","start":2361.834,"end":2361.882},{"text":"Congo,","start":2361.915,"end":2362.254},{"text":"a","start":2362.577,"end":2362.593},{"text":"country","start":2362.657,"end":2363.061},{"text":"that","start":2363.061,"end":2363.367},{"text":"sits","start":2363.367,"end":2363.626},{"text":"at","start":2363.626,"end":2363.706},{"text":"the","start":2363.706,"end":2363.852},{"text":"heart","start":2363.852,"end":2364.239},{"text":"of","start":2364.271,"end":2364.32},{"text":"the","start":2364.352,"end":2364.497},{"text":"global","start":2364.497,"end":2364.723},{"text":"conversation","start":2364.82,"end":2365.45},{"text":"on","start":2366.146,"end":2366.371},{"text":"critical","start":2366.387,"end":2366.724},{"text":"minerals.","start":2366.724,"end":2367.173}]},{"text":"I'm the director of the Critical Minerals Security Program at CSIS.","start":2368.008,"end":2371.073,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":2368.008,"end":2368.136},{"text":"the","start":2368.168,"end":2368.249},{"text":"director","start":2368.249,"end":2368.586},{"text":"of","start":2368.586,"end":2368.65},{"text":"the","start":2368.65,"end":2368.794},{"text":"Critical","start":2368.794,"end":2369.035},{"text":"Minerals","start":2369.035,"end":2369.324},{"text":"Security","start":2369.324,"end":2369.853},{"text":"Program","start":2369.853,"end":2370.206},{"text":"at","start":2370.254,"end":2370.303},{"text":"CSIS.","start":2370.351,"end":2371.073}]},{"text":"We are an independent Washington think tank, and I'm American, but I began my career in South Africa's Platinum Belt 13 years ago, shortly after the Marikana massacre, which was the deadliest use of force by South African security forces against civilians in nearly 4 decades.","start":2371.137,"end":2389.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2371.137,"end":2371.298},{"text":"are","start":2371.298,"end":2371.458},{"text":"an","start":2371.458,"end":2371.522},{"text":"independent","start":2371.554,"end":2372.052},{"text":"Washington","start":2372.164,"end":2372.71},{"text":"think","start":2372.742,"end":2372.918},{"text":"tank,","start":2372.982,"end":2373.319},{"text":"and","start":2373.785,"end":2373.849},{"text":"I'm","start":2373.929,"end":2374.026},{"text":"American,","start":2374.026,"end":2374.555},{"text":"but","start":2374.667,"end":2374.812},{"text":"I","start":2374.812,"end":2374.86},{"text":"began","start":2374.908,"end":2375.277},{"text":"my","start":2375.293,"end":2375.341},{"text":"career","start":2375.454,"end":2375.887},{"text":"in","start":2375.935,"end":2375.999},{"text":"South","start":2376.031,"end":2376.272},{"text":"Africa's","start":2376.336,"end":2376.737},{"text":"Platinum","start":2376.754,"end":2377.123},{"text":"Belt","start":2377.155,"end":2377.411},{"text":"13","start":2377.46,"end":2377.845},{"text":"years","start":2377.877,"end":2378.134},{"text":"ago,","start":2378.182,"end":2378.454},{"text":"shortly","start":2378.519,"end":2379.048},{"text":"after","start":2379.08,"end":2379.385},{"text":"the","start":2379.385,"end":2379.449},{"text":"Marikana","start":2379.449,"end":2380.027},{"text":"massacre,","start":2380.027,"end":2380.637},{"text":"which","start":2381.247,"end":2381.455},{"text":"was","start":2381.487,"end":2381.616},{"text":"the","start":2381.648,"end":2381.808},{"text":"deadliest","start":2381.808,"end":2382.579},{"text":"use","start":2382.595,"end":2382.964},{"text":"of","start":2383.798,"end":2383.878},{"text":"force","start":2383.894,"end":2384.36},{"text":"by","start":2384.36,"end":2384.456},{"text":"South","start":2384.456,"end":2384.761},{"text":"African","start":2384.761,"end":2385.226},{"text":"security","start":2385.242,"end":2385.708},{"text":"forces","start":2385.74,"end":2386.189},{"text":"against","start":2386.687,"end":2386.943},{"text":"civilians","start":2386.943,"end":2387.681},{"text":"in","start":2387.73,"end":2387.794},{"text":"nearly","start":2387.826,"end":2388.195},{"text":"4","start":2388.227,"end":2388.42},{"text":"decades.","start":2388.612,"end":2389.19}]},{"text":"Since then, I've spent my career working on critical minerals across Africa.","start":2389.735,"end":2393.041,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":2389.735,"end":2389.944},{"text":"then,","start":2389.992,"end":2390.201},{"text":"I've","start":2390.217,"end":2390.313},{"text":"spent","start":2390.313,"end":2390.554},{"text":"my","start":2390.554,"end":2390.65},{"text":"career","start":2390.779,"end":2391.019},{"text":"working","start":2391.019,"end":2391.276},{"text":"on","start":2391.276,"end":2391.404},{"text":"critical","start":2391.42,"end":2391.709},{"text":"minerals","start":2391.709,"end":2392.094},{"text":"across","start":2392.094,"end":2392.576},{"text":"Africa.","start":2392.624,"end":2393.041}]},{"text":"I've met government leaders, miners, investors, and local communities who see mining as both— with both hope and apprehension.","start":2393.666,"end":2401.182,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I've","start":2393.666,"end":2393.746},{"text":"met","start":2393.762,"end":2393.923},{"text":"government","start":2393.923,"end":2394.355},{"text":"leaders,","start":2394.387,"end":2394.772},{"text":"miners,","start":2394.98,"end":2395.573},{"text":"investors,","start":2395.765,"end":2396.326},{"text":"and","start":2396.342,"end":2396.471},{"text":"local","start":2396.471,"end":2396.711},{"text":"communities","start":2396.791,"end":2397.416},{"text":"who","start":2397.592,"end":2397.704},{"text":"see","start":2397.704,"end":2397.945},{"text":"mining","start":2397.945,"end":2398.377},{"text":"as","start":2398.554,"end":2398.618},{"text":"both—","start":2398.65,"end":2398.858},{"text":"with","start":2399.211,"end":2399.355},{"text":"both","start":2399.371,"end":2399.579},{"text":"hope","start":2399.611,"end":2399.948},{"text":"and","start":2400.316,"end":2400.445},{"text":"apprehension.","start":2400.573,"end":2401.182}]},{"text":"And it's taught me something I've carried through my career, which is that the same mineral wealth can be a source of conflict, or it can be an incredible catalyst for development.","start":2401.855,"end":2410.46,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2401.855,"end":2401.919},{"text":"it's","start":2401.951,"end":2402.095},{"text":"taught","start":2402.095,"end":2402.287},{"text":"me","start":2402.335,"end":2402.416},{"text":"something","start":2402.416,"end":2402.784},{"text":"I've","start":2402.88,"end":2403.025},{"text":"carried","start":2403.057,"end":2403.457},{"text":"through","start":2403.457,"end":2403.569},{"text":"my","start":2403.617,"end":2403.714},{"text":"career,","start":2403.842,"end":2404.29},{"text":"which","start":2404.483,"end":2404.659},{"text":"is","start":2404.659,"end":2404.787},{"text":"that","start":2404.803,"end":2404.915},{"text":"the","start":2404.963,"end":2404.996},{"text":"same","start":2404.996,"end":2405.332},{"text":"mineral","start":2405.556,"end":2405.893},{"text":"wealth","start":2406.005,"end":2406.39},{"text":"can","start":2406.422,"end":2406.566},{"text":"be","start":2406.582,"end":2406.726},{"text":"a","start":2406.726,"end":2406.742},{"text":"source","start":2406.742,"end":2407.079},{"text":"of","start":2407.079,"end":2407.143},{"text":"conflict,","start":2407.143,"end":2407.624},{"text":"or","start":2408.184,"end":2408.264},{"text":"it","start":2408.264,"end":2408.409},{"text":"can","start":2408.409,"end":2408.489},{"text":"be","start":2408.585,"end":2408.665},{"text":"an","start":2408.665,"end":2408.729},{"text":"incredible","start":2408.729,"end":2409.21},{"text":"catalyst","start":2409.21,"end":2409.787},{"text":"for","start":2409.787,"end":2409.931},{"text":"development.","start":2409.931,"end":2410.46}]},{"text":"And the difference isn't geology, it's governance.","start":2411.069,"end":2413.617,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2411.069,"end":2411.133},{"text":"the","start":2411.213,"end":2411.309},{"text":"difference","start":2411.309,"end":2411.646},{"text":"isn't","start":2411.71,"end":2411.95},{"text":"geology,","start":2411.95,"end":2412.559},{"text":"it's","start":2412.671,"end":2412.992},{"text":"governance.","start":2413.056,"end":2413.617}]},{"text":"So our challenge is not simply to produce more minerals, which can sometimes be the rhetoric coming out of the Global North, but it's how to govern them in a way that strengthens stability rather than fuels instability, generates prosperity rather than deepens inequality, and reinforces international cooperation rather than geopolitical fragmentation.","start":2414.129,"end":2436.543,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2414.129,"end":2414.21},{"text":"our","start":2414.21,"end":2414.354},{"text":"challenge","start":2414.354,"end":2414.834},{"text":"is","start":2414.834,"end":2414.963},{"text":"not","start":2414.979,"end":2415.171},{"text":"simply","start":2415.171,"end":2415.604},{"text":"to","start":2415.636,"end":2415.764},{"text":"produce","start":2415.78,"end":2416.277},{"text":"more","start":2416.277,"end":2416.501},{"text":"minerals,","start":2416.501,"end":2417.046},{"text":"which","start":2417.078,"end":2417.238},{"text":"can","start":2417.238,"end":2417.414},{"text":"sometimes","start":2417.414,"end":2417.895},{"text":"be","start":2417.959,"end":2418.039},{"text":"the","start":2418.039,"end":2418.184},{"text":"rhetoric","start":2418.184,"end":2418.664},{"text":"coming","start":2418.664,"end":2418.889},{"text":"out","start":2418.985,"end":2419.161},{"text":"of","start":2419.161,"end":2419.289},{"text":"the","start":2419.562,"end":2419.642},{"text":"Global","start":2419.642,"end":2419.979},{"text":"North,","start":2419.979,"end":2420.332},{"text":"but","start":2420.83,"end":2420.99},{"text":"it's","start":2420.99,"end":2421.135},{"text":"how","start":2421.231,"end":2421.327},{"text":"to","start":2421.408,"end":2421.536},{"text":"govern","start":2421.552,"end":2421.841},{"text":"them","start":2421.889,"end":2422.114},{"text":"in","start":2422.114,"end":2422.21},{"text":"a","start":2422.21,"end":2422.29},{"text":"way","start":2422.29,"end":2422.515},{"text":"that","start":2422.515,"end":2422.692},{"text":"strengthens","start":2422.692,"end":2423.189},{"text":"stability","start":2423.189,"end":2423.783},{"text":"rather","start":2424.12,"end":2424.521},{"text":"than","start":2424.521,"end":2424.602},{"text":"fuels","start":2424.682,"end":2425.067},{"text":"instability,","start":2425.179,"end":2425.95},{"text":"generates","start":2426.624,"end":2427.25},{"text":"prosperity","start":2427.25,"end":2427.956},{"text":"rather","start":2428.293,"end":2428.71},{"text":"than","start":2428.71,"end":2428.823},{"text":"deepens","start":2428.935,"end":2429.32},{"text":"inequality,","start":2429.433,"end":2430.123},{"text":"and","start":2430.861,"end":2430.941},{"text":"reinforces","start":2431.102,"end":2431.968},{"text":"international","start":2432.161,"end":2432.867},{"text":"cooperation","start":2432.867,"end":2433.814},{"text":"rather","start":2434.312,"end":2434.713},{"text":"than","start":2434.729,"end":2434.841},{"text":"geopolitical","start":2434.97,"end":2435.772},{"text":"fragmentation.","start":2435.772,"end":2436.543}]},{"text":"Now, I think, you know, there's a, there's an old British comedian, he said there's no such thing as new news, it's old news happening to new people.","start":2437.538,"end":2444.889,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":2437.538,"end":2437.634},{"text":"I","start":2437.939,"end":2438.019},{"text":"think,","start":2438.084,"end":2438.324},{"text":"you","start":2438.405,"end":2438.485},{"text":"know,","start":2438.485,"end":2438.565},{"text":"there's","start":2438.581,"end":2438.886},{"text":"a,","start":2438.886,"end":2439.014},{"text":"there's","start":2439.303,"end":2439.608},{"text":"an","start":2439.608,"end":2439.673},{"text":"old","start":2439.865,"end":2439.961},{"text":"British","start":2440.01,"end":2440.218},{"text":"comedian,","start":2440.266,"end":2440.78},{"text":"he","start":2440.828,"end":2440.924},{"text":"said","start":2440.924,"end":2441.117},{"text":"there's","start":2441.149,"end":2441.358},{"text":"no","start":2441.39,"end":2441.55},{"text":"such","start":2441.55,"end":2441.839},{"text":"thing","start":2441.871,"end":2441.984},{"text":"as","start":2442.096,"end":2442.24},{"text":"new","start":2442.337,"end":2442.449},{"text":"news,","start":2442.513,"end":2442.882},{"text":"it's","start":2442.979,"end":2443.107},{"text":"old","start":2443.3,"end":2443.396},{"text":"news","start":2443.396,"end":2443.685},{"text":"happening","start":2443.701,"end":2444.086},{"text":"to","start":2444.118,"end":2444.215},{"text":"new","start":2444.215,"end":2444.423},{"text":"people.","start":2444.52,"end":2444.889}]},{"text":"So I think there's something to take to that, is when you look at the history of the DRC, it offers a really powerful lesson.","start":2445.403,"end":2451.314,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2445.403,"end":2445.483},{"text":"I","start":2445.483,"end":2445.563},{"text":"think","start":2445.563,"end":2445.724},{"text":"there's","start":2445.724,"end":2445.917},{"text":"something","start":2446.013,"end":2446.286},{"text":"to","start":2446.286,"end":2446.447},{"text":"take","start":2446.447,"end":2446.688},{"text":"to","start":2446.688,"end":2446.832},{"text":"that,","start":2446.832,"end":2446.993},{"text":"is","start":2447.25,"end":2447.298},{"text":"when","start":2447.394,"end":2447.491},{"text":"you","start":2447.555,"end":2447.603},{"text":"look","start":2447.716,"end":2447.828},{"text":"at","start":2447.828,"end":2447.892},{"text":"the","start":2447.892,"end":2448.053},{"text":"history","start":2448.053,"end":2448.519},{"text":"of","start":2448.519,"end":2448.615},{"text":"the","start":2448.615,"end":2448.76},{"text":"DRC,","start":2448.76,"end":2449.418},{"text":"it","start":2449.499,"end":2449.579},{"text":"offers","start":2449.723,"end":2450.045},{"text":"a","start":2450.045,"end":2450.125},{"text":"really","start":2450.125,"end":2450.35},{"text":"powerful","start":2450.462,"end":2450.944},{"text":"lesson.","start":2450.944,"end":2451.314}]},{"text":"Following independence, the secession of Katanga demonstrated how strategic mineral wealth could become deeply intertwined with political contestation, with foreign interests and conflict.","start":2452.133,"end":2464.035,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Following","start":2452.133,"end":2452.599},{"text":"independence,","start":2452.695,"end":2453.482},{"text":"the","start":2453.595,"end":2453.691},{"text":"secession","start":2453.691,"end":2454.125},{"text":"of","start":2454.221,"end":2454.285},{"text":"Katanga","start":2454.301,"end":2454.799},{"text":"demonstrated","start":2455.04,"end":2455.811},{"text":"how","start":2455.827,"end":2456.036},{"text":"strategic","start":2456.646,"end":2457.209},{"text":"mineral","start":2457.209,"end":2457.61},{"text":"wealth","start":2457.61,"end":2457.899},{"text":"could","start":2457.931,"end":2458.108},{"text":"become","start":2458.172,"end":2458.622},{"text":"deeply","start":2458.735,"end":2459.104},{"text":"intertwined","start":2459.136,"end":2459.859},{"text":"with","start":2459.859,"end":2460.196},{"text":"political","start":2460.261,"end":2460.646},{"text":"contestation,","start":2460.646,"end":2461.417},{"text":"with","start":2462.172,"end":2462.429},{"text":"foreign","start":2462.429,"end":2462.798},{"text":"interests","start":2462.831,"end":2463.312},{"text":"and","start":2463.312,"end":2463.377},{"text":"conflict.","start":2463.457,"end":2464.035}]},{"text":"20 years ago, I was reading a report that said Katanga was widely viewed as a symbol of instability.","start":2464.357,"end":2470.669,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"20","start":2464.357,"end":2464.646},{"text":"years","start":2464.678,"end":2464.887},{"text":"ago,","start":2464.935,"end":2465.079},{"text":"I","start":2465.24,"end":2465.352},{"text":"was","start":2465.385,"end":2465.529},{"text":"reading","start":2465.545,"end":2465.85},{"text":"a","start":2465.866,"end":2465.963},{"text":"report","start":2465.963,"end":2467.135},{"text":"that","start":2467.232,"end":2467.344},{"text":"said","start":2467.344,"end":2467.489},{"text":"Katanga","start":2467.489,"end":2467.987},{"text":"was","start":2467.987,"end":2468.179},{"text":"widely","start":2468.212,"end":2468.661},{"text":"viewed","start":2468.693,"end":2469.079},{"text":"as","start":2469.095,"end":2469.191},{"text":"a","start":2469.191,"end":2469.207},{"text":"symbol","start":2469.272,"end":2469.689},{"text":"of","start":2469.818,"end":2469.946},{"text":"instability.","start":2470.043,"end":2470.669}]},{"text":"But today we know that the copper-cobalt belt of southeastern DRC is comparatively stable and one of Africa's most important destinations for large-scale mining investment and a critical source of minerals for the global economy.","start":2471.344,"end":2486.167,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2471.344,"end":2471.504},{"text":"today","start":2471.504,"end":2471.761},{"text":"we","start":2471.906,"end":2472.066},{"text":"know","start":2472.066,"end":2472.388},{"text":"that","start":2472.388,"end":2472.548},{"text":"the","start":2472.548,"end":2472.629},{"text":"copper-cobalt","start":2472.629,"end":2473.432},{"text":"belt","start":2473.432,"end":2473.721},{"text":"of","start":2473.833,"end":2473.913},{"text":"southeastern","start":2473.913,"end":2474.604},{"text":"DRC","start":2474.7,"end":2475.359},{"text":"is","start":2476.483,"end":2476.531},{"text":"comparatively","start":2476.627,"end":2477.141},{"text":"stable","start":2477.141,"end":2477.575},{"text":"and","start":2478.153,"end":2478.217},{"text":"one","start":2478.249,"end":2478.474},{"text":"of","start":2478.474,"end":2478.539},{"text":"Africa's","start":2478.715,"end":2479.117},{"text":"most","start":2479.117,"end":2479.309},{"text":"important","start":2479.309,"end":2479.936},{"text":"destinations","start":2479.936,"end":2480.787},{"text":"for","start":2480.883,"end":2480.948},{"text":"large-scale","start":2481.06,"end":2481.654},{"text":"mining","start":2481.702,"end":2482.04},{"text":"investment","start":2482.088,"end":2482.618},{"text":"and","start":2483.132,"end":2483.228},{"text":"a","start":2483.228,"end":2483.308},{"text":"critical","start":2483.308,"end":2483.854},{"text":"source","start":2483.854,"end":2484.208},{"text":"of","start":2484.208,"end":2484.32},{"text":"minerals","start":2484.336,"end":2484.802},{"text":"for","start":2484.979,"end":2485.236},{"text":"the","start":2485.236,"end":2485.316},{"text":"global","start":2485.316,"end":2485.701},{"text":"economy.","start":2485.701,"end":2486.167}]},{"text":"The DRC today produces roughly 70% of the world's cobalt and the world's second largest producer of copper in the same region that was once identified as a symbol of instability.","start":2486.922,"end":2497.489,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2486.922,"end":2487.002},{"text":"DRC","start":2487.002,"end":2487.404},{"text":"today","start":2487.404,"end":2487.805},{"text":"produces","start":2487.805,"end":2488.239},{"text":"roughly","start":2488.287,"end":2488.608},{"text":"70%","start":2488.608,"end":2489.01},{"text":"of","start":2489.331,"end":2489.411},{"text":"the","start":2489.411,"end":2489.54},{"text":"world's","start":2489.556,"end":2489.877},{"text":"cobalt","start":2489.877,"end":2490.375},{"text":"and","start":2490.76,"end":2490.84},{"text":"the","start":2490.856,"end":2490.905},{"text":"world's","start":2490.937,"end":2491.306},{"text":"second","start":2491.338,"end":2491.643},{"text":"largest","start":2491.82,"end":2492.302},{"text":"producer","start":2492.302,"end":2492.784},{"text":"of","start":2492.784,"end":2492.864},{"text":"copper","start":2492.864,"end":2493.298},{"text":"in","start":2493.747,"end":2493.795},{"text":"the","start":2493.844,"end":2493.924},{"text":"same","start":2493.924,"end":2494.39},{"text":"region","start":2494.39,"end":2494.759},{"text":"that","start":2494.791,"end":2494.952},{"text":"was","start":2494.952,"end":2495.08},{"text":"once","start":2495.177,"end":2495.434},{"text":"identified","start":2495.434,"end":2496.124},{"text":"as","start":2496.22,"end":2496.285},{"text":"a","start":2496.381,"end":2496.413},{"text":"symbol","start":2496.413,"end":2496.75},{"text":"of","start":2496.799,"end":2496.895},{"text":"instability.","start":2496.895,"end":2497.489}]},{"text":"The transformation illustrates a very central point.","start":2498.467,"end":2501.225,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2498.467,"end":2498.548},{"text":"transformation","start":2498.548,"end":2499.413},{"text":"illustrates","start":2499.51,"end":2500.071},{"text":"a","start":2500.087,"end":2500.103},{"text":"very","start":2500.103,"end":2500.295},{"text":"central","start":2500.327,"end":2500.76},{"text":"point.","start":2500.808,"end":2501.225}]},{"text":"Stability is not static, and it can be built through stronger institutions, improved governance, sustained investment, and partnerships that create benefits for local communities.","start":2501.433,"end":2511.759,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Stability","start":2501.433,"end":2501.979},{"text":"is","start":2502.075,"end":2502.139},{"text":"not","start":2502.171,"end":2502.476},{"text":"static,","start":2502.476,"end":2503.053},{"text":"and","start":2503.534,"end":2503.598},{"text":"it","start":2503.614,"end":2503.694},{"text":"can","start":2503.694,"end":2503.999},{"text":"be","start":2503.999,"end":2504.031},{"text":"built","start":2504.159,"end":2504.48},{"text":"through","start":2504.48,"end":2504.608},{"text":"stronger","start":2504.72,"end":2505.153},{"text":"institutions,","start":2505.201,"end":2506.067},{"text":"improved","start":2506.179,"end":2506.596},{"text":"governance,","start":2506.644,"end":2507.286},{"text":"sustained","start":2507.686,"end":2508.167},{"text":"investment,","start":2508.167,"end":2508.696},{"text":"and","start":2508.825,"end":2508.905},{"text":"partnerships","start":2508.905,"end":2509.61},{"text":"that","start":2509.61,"end":2509.851},{"text":"create","start":2509.851,"end":2510.171},{"text":"benefits","start":2510.188,"end":2510.572},{"text":"for","start":2510.669,"end":2510.813},{"text":"local","start":2510.813,"end":2511.133},{"text":"communities.","start":2511.15,"end":2511.759}]},{"text":"Katanga shows us that instability is not permanent and that with governance, mining can be a force for good.","start":2512.496,"end":2518.092,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Katanga","start":2512.496,"end":2512.849},{"text":"shows","start":2512.849,"end":2513.106},{"text":"us","start":2513.17,"end":2513.298},{"text":"that","start":2513.298,"end":2513.474},{"text":"instability","start":2513.474,"end":2514.003},{"text":"is","start":2514.051,"end":2514.164},{"text":"not","start":2514.196,"end":2514.372},{"text":"permanent","start":2514.372,"end":2515.046},{"text":"and","start":2515.142,"end":2515.206},{"text":"that","start":2515.222,"end":2515.35},{"text":"with","start":2515.398,"end":2515.607},{"text":"governance,","start":2515.623,"end":2516.216},{"text":"mining","start":2516.537,"end":2516.857},{"text":"can","start":2516.921,"end":2517.018},{"text":"be","start":2517.082,"end":2517.226},{"text":"a","start":2517.226,"end":2517.242},{"text":"force","start":2517.258,"end":2517.643},{"text":"for","start":2517.643,"end":2517.851},{"text":"good.","start":2517.867,"end":2518.092}]},{"text":"Now, when we look at— when we step back and we look at the nexus between natural resources governance and international security, The surge in the demand for critical minerals has fundamentally changed the relationship between natural resources and international peace.","start":2519.39,"end":2534.441,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":2519.39,"end":2519.519},{"text":"when","start":2520.112,"end":2520.224},{"text":"we","start":2520.224,"end":2520.433},{"text":"look","start":2520.433,"end":2520.561},{"text":"at—","start":2520.673,"end":2520.849},{"text":"when","start":2520.849,"end":2520.962},{"text":"we","start":2521.01,"end":2521.09},{"text":"step","start":2521.09,"end":2521.411},{"text":"back","start":2521.411,"end":2521.731},{"text":"and","start":2521.731,"end":2521.811},{"text":"we","start":2521.811,"end":2521.956},{"text":"look","start":2521.956,"end":2522.084},{"text":"at","start":2522.148,"end":2522.228},{"text":"the","start":2522.276,"end":2522.309},{"text":"nexus","start":2522.309,"end":2522.854},{"text":"between","start":2522.854,"end":2523.222},{"text":"natural","start":2523.254,"end":2523.607},{"text":"resources","start":2523.719,"end":2524.345},{"text":"governance","start":2524.441,"end":2525.034},{"text":"and","start":2525.178,"end":2525.243},{"text":"international","start":2525.339,"end":2525.884},{"text":"security,","start":2525.884,"end":2526.429},{"text":"The","start":2527.086,"end":2527.118},{"text":"surge","start":2527.118,"end":2527.471},{"text":"in","start":2527.503,"end":2527.583},{"text":"the","start":2527.583,"end":2527.663},{"text":"demand","start":2527.743,"end":2528.176},{"text":"for","start":2528.224,"end":2528.448},{"text":"critical","start":2528.448,"end":2528.721},{"text":"minerals","start":2528.721,"end":2529.153},{"text":"has","start":2529.185,"end":2529.314},{"text":"fundamentally","start":2529.346,"end":2530.115},{"text":"changed","start":2530.147,"end":2530.547},{"text":"the","start":2530.547,"end":2530.692},{"text":"relationship","start":2530.692,"end":2531.381},{"text":"between","start":2531.909,"end":2532.246},{"text":"natural","start":2532.246,"end":2532.663},{"text":"resources","start":2532.711,"end":2533.32},{"text":"and","start":2533.352,"end":2533.48},{"text":"international","start":2533.512,"end":2534.217},{"text":"peace.","start":2534.217,"end":2534.441}]},{"text":"For decades, natural resource governance was largely viewed as a development issue.","start":2535.034,"end":2539.136,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":2535.034,"end":2535.243},{"text":"decades,","start":2535.259,"end":2535.819},{"text":"natural","start":2535.835,"end":2536.3},{"text":"resource","start":2536.3,"end":2536.701},{"text":"governance","start":2536.701,"end":2537.198},{"text":"was","start":2537.198,"end":2537.326},{"text":"largely","start":2537.422,"end":2537.806},{"text":"viewed","start":2537.839,"end":2538.063},{"text":"as","start":2538.063,"end":2538.175},{"text":"a","start":2538.175,"end":2538.191},{"text":"development","start":2538.239,"end":2538.8},{"text":"issue.","start":2538.8,"end":2539.136}]},{"text":"Today, it's increasingly being viewed as a strategic imperative.","start":2539.681,"end":2542.614,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":2539.681,"end":2539.954},{"text":"it's","start":2540.178,"end":2540.322},{"text":"increasingly","start":2540.322,"end":2540.931},{"text":"being","start":2540.963,"end":2541.172},{"text":"viewed","start":2541.204,"end":2541.428},{"text":"as","start":2541.428,"end":2541.524},{"text":"a","start":2541.524,"end":2541.54},{"text":"strategic","start":2541.54,"end":2542.101},{"text":"imperative.","start":2542.101,"end":2542.614}]},{"text":"Critical minerals underpin the technologies that will shape the 21st century, from clean energy and artificial intelligence to defense systems and advanced manufacturing.","start":2543.287,"end":2552.869,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":2543.287,"end":2543.623},{"text":"minerals","start":2543.623,"end":2544.056},{"text":"underpin","start":2544.232,"end":2544.713},{"text":"the","start":2544.713,"end":2544.793},{"text":"technologies","start":2544.793,"end":2545.498},{"text":"that","start":2545.594,"end":2545.69},{"text":"will","start":2545.755,"end":2545.883},{"text":"shape","start":2545.931,"end":2546.267},{"text":"the","start":2546.315,"end":2546.396},{"text":"21st","start":2546.396,"end":2547.004},{"text":"century,","start":2547.004,"end":2547.341},{"text":"from","start":2547.838,"end":2547.966},{"text":"clean","start":2548.014,"end":2548.206},{"text":"energy","start":2548.254,"end":2548.623},{"text":"and","start":2548.735,"end":2548.863},{"text":"artificial","start":2548.959,"end":2549.36},{"text":"intelligence","start":2549.36,"end":2550.033},{"text":"to","start":2550.257,"end":2550.482},{"text":"defense","start":2550.482,"end":2550.786},{"text":"systems","start":2550.802,"end":2551.347},{"text":"and","start":2551.523,"end":2551.668},{"text":"advanced","start":2551.7,"end":2552.084},{"text":"manufacturing.","start":2552.084,"end":2552.869}]},{"text":"As a result, the quality of governance no longer affects only domestic prosperity, but global economic resilience and international security.","start":2553.608,"end":2561.536,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":2553.608,"end":2553.752},{"text":"a","start":2553.784,"end":2553.848},{"text":"result,","start":2553.848,"end":2554.266},{"text":"the","start":2554.282,"end":2554.41},{"text":"quality","start":2554.41,"end":2554.827},{"text":"of","start":2554.827,"end":2554.972},{"text":"governance","start":2554.972,"end":2555.565},{"text":"no","start":2555.565,"end":2555.774},{"text":"longer","start":2555.79,"end":2556.111},{"text":"affects","start":2556.111,"end":2556.512},{"text":"only","start":2556.512,"end":2556.641},{"text":"domestic","start":2556.753,"end":2557.299},{"text":"prosperity,","start":2557.299,"end":2557.925},{"text":"but","start":2558.422,"end":2558.583},{"text":"global","start":2558.583,"end":2558.936},{"text":"economic","start":2559,"end":2559.481},{"text":"resilience","start":2559.481,"end":2560.204},{"text":"and","start":2560.284,"end":2560.348},{"text":"international","start":2560.444,"end":2560.958},{"text":"security.","start":2561.006,"end":2561.536}]},{"text":"Resource wealth is not destiny.","start":2562.932,"end":2564.986,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Resource","start":2562.932,"end":2563.413},{"text":"wealth","start":2563.413,"end":2563.815},{"text":"is","start":2563.879,"end":2563.943},{"text":"not","start":2564.039,"end":2564.473},{"text":"destiny.","start":2564.521,"end":2564.986}]},{"text":"Countries with similar geological endowments have experienced remarkably different outcomes.","start":2565.404,"end":2570.363,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Countries","start":2565.404,"end":2565.869},{"text":"with","start":2565.901,"end":2566.078},{"text":"similar","start":2566.078,"end":2566.527},{"text":"geological","start":2566.527,"end":2567.185},{"text":"endowments","start":2567.185,"end":2567.827},{"text":"have","start":2567.827,"end":2568.084},{"text":"experienced","start":2568.148,"end":2568.774},{"text":"remarkably","start":2568.774,"end":2569.432},{"text":"different","start":2569.496,"end":2569.769},{"text":"outcomes.","start":2569.833,"end":2570.363}]},{"text":"Transparent institutions, predictable regulatory frameworks, and accountable management of mineral revenues are not simply good policy, They are the foundations for lasting peace and stability.","start":2571.342,"end":2582.326,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Transparent","start":2571.342,"end":2571.984},{"text":"institutions,","start":2571.984,"end":2572.818},{"text":"predictable","start":2572.882,"end":2573.524},{"text":"regulatory","start":2573.524,"end":2574.134},{"text":"frameworks,","start":2574.166,"end":2574.744},{"text":"and","start":2574.808,"end":2574.937},{"text":"accountable","start":2574.953,"end":2575.482},{"text":"management","start":2575.531,"end":2576.253},{"text":"of","start":2576.718,"end":2576.814},{"text":"mineral","start":2576.879,"end":2577.103},{"text":"revenues","start":2577.216,"end":2577.745},{"text":"are","start":2577.777,"end":2577.858},{"text":"not","start":2577.858,"end":2578.05},{"text":"simply","start":2578.114,"end":2578.468},{"text":"good","start":2578.5,"end":2578.66},{"text":"policy,","start":2578.66,"end":2579.029},{"text":"They","start":2579.62,"end":2579.653},{"text":"are","start":2579.653,"end":2579.736},{"text":"the","start":2579.802,"end":2579.884},{"text":"foundations","start":2579.884,"end":2580.594},{"text":"for","start":2580.693,"end":2580.792},{"text":"lasting","start":2580.792,"end":2581.254},{"text":"peace","start":2581.353,"end":2581.617},{"text":"and","start":2581.617,"end":2581.765},{"text":"stability.","start":2581.765,"end":2582.326}]},{"text":"The shift also requires us to rethink how we think about supply chain resilience.","start":2583.769,"end":2588.563,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2583.769,"end":2583.817},{"text":"shift","start":2583.817,"end":2584.188},{"text":"also","start":2584.269,"end":2584.689},{"text":"requires","start":2584.834,"end":2585.383},{"text":"us","start":2585.48,"end":2585.625},{"text":"to","start":2585.738,"end":2585.835},{"text":"rethink","start":2585.899,"end":2586.367},{"text":"how","start":2586.367,"end":2586.464},{"text":"we","start":2586.464,"end":2586.69},{"text":"think","start":2586.69,"end":2586.884},{"text":"about","start":2586.884,"end":2587.158},{"text":"supply","start":2587.191,"end":2587.594},{"text":"chain","start":2587.594,"end":2587.739},{"text":"resilience.","start":2587.901,"end":2588.563}]},{"text":"Too often, resilience is viewed solely through the lens of importing countries seeking to secure access to minerals.","start":2589.031,"end":2594.907,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":2589.031,"end":2589.192},{"text":"often,","start":2589.353,"end":2589.579},{"text":"resilience","start":2589.676,"end":2590.193},{"text":"is","start":2590.193,"end":2590.306},{"text":"viewed","start":2590.483,"end":2590.726},{"text":"solely","start":2590.742,"end":2591.194},{"text":"through","start":2591.21,"end":2591.355},{"text":"the","start":2591.387,"end":2591.533},{"text":"lens","start":2591.533,"end":2591.855},{"text":"of","start":2591.855,"end":2591.904},{"text":"importing","start":2592.033,"end":2592.404},{"text":"countries","start":2592.501,"end":2592.889},{"text":"seeking","start":2592.889,"end":2593.292},{"text":"to","start":2593.325,"end":2593.421},{"text":"secure","start":2593.421,"end":2593.761},{"text":"access","start":2593.874,"end":2594.294},{"text":"to","start":2594.294,"end":2594.39},{"text":"minerals.","start":2594.39,"end":2594.907}]},{"text":"But resilient supply chains begin in producing countries.","start":2595.65,"end":2598.622,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2595.65,"end":2595.795},{"text":"resilient","start":2595.812,"end":2596.328},{"text":"supply","start":2596.328,"end":2596.716},{"text":"chains","start":2596.716,"end":2596.99},{"text":"begin","start":2597.039,"end":2597.313},{"text":"in","start":2597.362,"end":2597.41},{"text":"producing","start":2597.523,"end":2597.976},{"text":"countries.","start":2598.008,"end":2598.622}]},{"text":"They depend on the governments that provide that policy certainty, communities that share the benefits of that resource development, and investors who have confidence that projects will be supported over decades and not election cycles.","start":2599.203,"end":2611.8,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2599.203,"end":2599.3},{"text":"depend","start":2599.364,"end":2599.671},{"text":"on","start":2599.768,"end":2599.833},{"text":"the","start":2599.865,"end":2599.946},{"text":"governments","start":2599.946,"end":2600.43},{"text":"that","start":2600.43,"end":2600.543},{"text":"provide","start":2600.576,"end":2600.931},{"text":"that","start":2600.979,"end":2601.109},{"text":"policy","start":2601.157,"end":2601.529},{"text":"certainty,","start":2601.561,"end":2602.018},{"text":"communities","start":2602.54,"end":2603.242},{"text":"that","start":2603.258,"end":2603.422},{"text":"share","start":2603.422,"end":2603.699},{"text":"the","start":2603.764,"end":2603.911},{"text":"benefits","start":2603.911,"end":2604.352},{"text":"of","start":2604.417,"end":2604.482},{"text":"that","start":2604.482,"end":2604.613},{"text":"resource","start":2604.646,"end":2605.086},{"text":"development,","start":2605.086,"end":2605.478},{"text":"and","start":2606.196,"end":2606.26},{"text":"investors","start":2606.308,"end":2606.822},{"text":"who","start":2606.919,"end":2606.983},{"text":"have","start":2606.999,"end":2607.063},{"text":"confidence","start":2607.095,"end":2607.689},{"text":"that","start":2607.721,"end":2607.882},{"text":"projects","start":2607.882,"end":2608.299},{"text":"will","start":2608.299,"end":2608.364},{"text":"be","start":2608.396,"end":2608.54},{"text":"supported","start":2608.54,"end":2609.07},{"text":"over","start":2609.183,"end":2609.488},{"text":"decades","start":2609.488,"end":2610.034},{"text":"and","start":2610.13,"end":2610.274},{"text":"not","start":2610.323,"end":2610.612},{"text":"election","start":2610.708,"end":2611.077},{"text":"cycles.","start":2611.19,"end":2611.8}]},{"text":"When communities see mining as a source of development rather than extraction, trust grows.","start":2612.795,"end":2618.078,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":2612.795,"end":2612.956},{"text":"communities","start":2612.956,"end":2613.566},{"text":"see","start":2613.598,"end":2613.823},{"text":"mining","start":2613.823,"end":2614.192},{"text":"as","start":2614.256,"end":2614.369},{"text":"a","start":2614.401,"end":2614.465},{"text":"source","start":2614.465,"end":2614.867},{"text":"of","start":2614.883,"end":2615.011},{"text":"development","start":2615.107,"end":2615.846},{"text":"rather","start":2615.846,"end":2616.135},{"text":"than","start":2616.247,"end":2616.408},{"text":"extraction,","start":2616.408,"end":2617.082},{"text":"trust","start":2617.211,"end":2617.564},{"text":"grows.","start":2617.676,"end":2618.078}]},{"text":"When governments manage resource wealth transparently and responsibly, public confidence grows.","start":2618.8,"end":2624.324,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":2618.8,"end":2618.865},{"text":"governments","start":2618.977,"end":2619.459},{"text":"manage","start":2619.459,"end":2619.748},{"text":"resource","start":2619.844,"end":2620.342},{"text":"wealth","start":2620.342,"end":2620.711},{"text":"transparently","start":2620.727,"end":2621.755},{"text":"and","start":2621.787,"end":2621.851},{"text":"responsibly,","start":2621.867,"end":2622.558},{"text":"public","start":2622.991,"end":2623.312},{"text":"confidence","start":2623.312,"end":2623.955},{"text":"grows.","start":2623.955,"end":2624.324}]},{"text":"And when, and when investors operate under clear and predictable rules, long-term capital flows.","start":2624.822,"end":2630.907,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2624.822,"end":2624.886},{"text":"when,","start":2624.918,"end":2625.046},{"text":"and","start":2625.464,"end":2625.544},{"text":"when","start":2625.56,"end":2625.673},{"text":"investors","start":2625.721,"end":2626.331},{"text":"operate","start":2626.508,"end":2626.989},{"text":"under","start":2626.989,"end":2627.31},{"text":"clear","start":2627.31,"end":2627.599},{"text":"and","start":2627.808,"end":2627.888},{"text":"predictable","start":2627.888,"end":2628.402},{"text":"rules,","start":2628.515,"end":2628.98},{"text":"long-term","start":2629.414,"end":2629.863},{"text":"capital","start":2629.96,"end":2630.441},{"text":"flows.","start":2630.441,"end":2630.907}]},{"text":"Those outcomes reinforce one another, creating a virtuous cycle in which economic development and peace become mutually reinforcing rather than competing objectives.","start":2631.422,"end":2641.586,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Those","start":2631.422,"end":2631.631},{"text":"outcomes","start":2631.727,"end":2632.273},{"text":"reinforce","start":2632.385,"end":2632.915},{"text":"one","start":2633.028,"end":2633.188},{"text":"another,","start":2633.188,"end":2633.686},{"text":"creating","start":2634.135,"end":2634.424},{"text":"a","start":2634.473,"end":2634.489},{"text":"virtuous","start":2634.489,"end":2634.954},{"text":"cycle","start":2634.954,"end":2635.308},{"text":"in","start":2635.356,"end":2635.5},{"text":"which","start":2635.5,"end":2635.661},{"text":"economic","start":2635.741,"end":2636.159},{"text":"development","start":2636.159,"end":2636.801},{"text":"and","start":2636.801,"end":2636.881},{"text":"peace","start":2636.881,"end":2637.283},{"text":"become","start":2637.283,"end":2637.572},{"text":"mutually","start":2638.005,"end":2638.535},{"text":"reinforcing","start":2638.567,"end":2639.338},{"text":"rather","start":2639.45,"end":2639.884},{"text":"than","start":2639.932,"end":2640.06},{"text":"competing","start":2640.333,"end":2640.783},{"text":"objectives.","start":2640.879,"end":2641.586}]},{"text":"It's important to remember that peace is not just a humanitarian objective, it's an economic prerequisite.","start":2642.276,"end":2647.944,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":2642.276,"end":2642.421},{"text":"important","start":2642.421,"end":2642.742},{"text":"to","start":2642.742,"end":2642.838},{"text":"remember","start":2642.838,"end":2643.224},{"text":"that","start":2643.224,"end":2643.384},{"text":"peace","start":2643.384,"end":2643.689},{"text":"is","start":2643.689,"end":2643.753},{"text":"not","start":2643.785,"end":2643.978},{"text":"just","start":2644.026,"end":2644.267},{"text":"a","start":2644.267,"end":2644.283},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2644.331,"end":2645.102},{"text":"objective,","start":2645.15,"end":2645.76},{"text":"it's","start":2645.953,"end":2646.066},{"text":"an","start":2646.114,"end":2646.242},{"text":"economic","start":2646.274,"end":2646.933},{"text":"prerequisite.","start":2647.238,"end":2647.944}]},{"text":"Long-term investment follows stability, and stability is strengthened when citizens see tangible benefits from their natural resources.","start":2648.442,"end":2655.876,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Long-term","start":2648.442,"end":2648.972},{"text":"investment","start":2649.004,"end":2649.534},{"text":"follows","start":2649.55,"end":2649.999},{"text":"stability,","start":2649.999,"end":2650.577},{"text":"and","start":2651.155,"end":2651.22},{"text":"stability","start":2651.252,"end":2651.782},{"text":"is","start":2651.83,"end":2651.942},{"text":"strengthened","start":2651.958,"end":2652.44},{"text":"when","start":2652.44,"end":2652.552},{"text":"citizens","start":2652.617,"end":2653.114},{"text":"see","start":2653.114,"end":2653.339},{"text":"tangible","start":2653.339,"end":2653.789},{"text":"benefits","start":2653.885,"end":2654.415},{"text":"from","start":2654.447,"end":2654.608},{"text":"their","start":2654.608,"end":2654.768},{"text":"natural","start":2654.768,"end":2655.138},{"text":"resources.","start":2655.186,"end":2655.876}]},{"text":"So ultimately, the question before us is not simply how the world secures the minerals it needs.","start":2656.888,"end":2661.58,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2656.888,"end":2657},{"text":"ultimately,","start":2657.016,"end":2657.434},{"text":"the","start":2657.498,"end":2657.595},{"text":"question","start":2657.595,"end":2658.013},{"text":"before","start":2658.061,"end":2658.35},{"text":"us","start":2658.463,"end":2658.607},{"text":"is","start":2658.72,"end":2658.864},{"text":"not","start":2658.864,"end":2658.993},{"text":"simply","start":2659.041,"end":2659.411},{"text":"how","start":2659.427,"end":2659.523},{"text":"the","start":2659.539,"end":2659.668},{"text":"world","start":2659.668,"end":2659.845},{"text":"secures","start":2659.845,"end":2660.294},{"text":"the","start":2660.311,"end":2660.391},{"text":"minerals","start":2660.391,"end":2660.857},{"text":"it","start":2660.889,"end":2660.937},{"text":"needs.","start":2661.034,"end":2661.58}]},{"text":"It is whether the growing demand for critical minerals becomes an opportunity to build those stronger institutions, more resilient economies, and deeper international partnerships.","start":2662.319,"end":2671.353,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2662.319,"end":2662.351},{"text":"is","start":2662.351,"end":2662.464},{"text":"whether","start":2662.56,"end":2662.817},{"text":"the","start":2662.817,"end":2662.898},{"text":"growing","start":2662.962,"end":2663.187},{"text":"demand","start":2663.283,"end":2663.621},{"text":"for","start":2663.621,"end":2663.782},{"text":"critical","start":2663.782,"end":2664.119},{"text":"minerals","start":2664.119,"end":2664.633},{"text":"becomes","start":2664.73,"end":2665.051},{"text":"an","start":2665.051,"end":2665.115},{"text":"opportunity","start":2665.212,"end":2665.758},{"text":"to","start":2665.79,"end":2665.871},{"text":"build","start":2665.871,"end":2666.112},{"text":"those","start":2666.112,"end":2666.241},{"text":"stronger","start":2666.338,"end":2666.66},{"text":"institutions,","start":2666.676,"end":2667.531},{"text":"more","start":2668.031,"end":2668.208},{"text":"resilient","start":2668.208,"end":2668.595},{"text":"economies,","start":2668.595,"end":2669.224},{"text":"and","start":2669.337,"end":2669.402},{"text":"deeper","start":2669.418,"end":2669.724},{"text":"international","start":2669.821,"end":2670.547},{"text":"partnerships.","start":2670.547,"end":2671.353}]},{"text":"Now, the international community has developed norms around conflict minerals, but what we do also need is norms around responsible partnerships, because partnerships have become the central discussion of the last 2 years.","start":2672.957,"end":2686.223,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":2672.957,"end":2673.086},{"text":"the","start":2673.377,"end":2673.441},{"text":"international","start":2673.522,"end":2673.99},{"text":"community","start":2674.022,"end":2674.635},{"text":"has","start":2674.732,"end":2674.958},{"text":"developed","start":2675.006,"end":2675.41},{"text":"norms","start":2675.41,"end":2675.878},{"text":"around","start":2675.878,"end":2676.491},{"text":"conflict","start":2676.588,"end":2677.072},{"text":"minerals,","start":2677.072,"end":2677.621},{"text":"but","start":2677.653,"end":2677.814},{"text":"what","start":2677.814,"end":2677.976},{"text":"we","start":2677.976,"end":2678.137},{"text":"do","start":2678.137,"end":2678.347},{"text":"also","start":2678.363,"end":2678.702},{"text":"need","start":2678.702,"end":2679.105},{"text":"is","start":2679.105,"end":2679.154},{"text":"norms","start":2679.266,"end":2679.605},{"text":"around","start":2679.605,"end":2680.009},{"text":"responsible","start":2680.073,"end":2680.574},{"text":"partnerships,","start":2680.622,"end":2681.332},{"text":"because","start":2681.526,"end":2681.768},{"text":"partnerships","start":2681.768,"end":2684.124},{"text":"have","start":2682.37,"end":2682.61},{"text":"become","start":2682.642,"end":2683.124},{"text":"the","start":2683.51,"end":2683.606},{"text":"central","start":2683.606,"end":2684.072},{"text":"discussion","start":2684.152,"end":2684.682},{"text":"of","start":2684.874,"end":2684.939},{"text":"the","start":2684.971,"end":2685.131},{"text":"last","start":2685.131,"end":2685.581},{"text":"2","start":2685.597,"end":2685.87},{"text":"years.","start":2685.918,"end":2686.223}]},{"text":"I know that sitting in Washington.","start":2686.657,"end":2688.037,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2686.657,"end":2686.705},{"text":"know","start":2686.753,"end":2686.978},{"text":"that","start":2686.978,"end":2687.138},{"text":"sitting","start":2687.138,"end":2687.379},{"text":"in","start":2687.379,"end":2687.427},{"text":"Washington.","start":2687.524,"end":2688.037}]},{"text":"Countries have followed different paths, but the most successful examples share common characteristics when it comes to partnerships.","start":2689.049,"end":2696.226,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Countries","start":2689.049,"end":2689.483},{"text":"have","start":2689.531,"end":2689.627},{"text":"followed","start":2689.627,"end":2690.093},{"text":"different","start":2690.093,"end":2690.382},{"text":"paths,","start":2690.494,"end":2690.799},{"text":"but","start":2690.976,"end":2691.072},{"text":"the","start":2691.072,"end":2691.152},{"text":"most","start":2691.152,"end":2691.474},{"text":"successful","start":2691.474,"end":2692.196},{"text":"examples","start":2692.196,"end":2692.887},{"text":"share","start":2693.304,"end":2693.513},{"text":"common","start":2693.561,"end":2694.011},{"text":"characteristics","start":2694.027,"end":2694.878},{"text":"when","start":2694.926,"end":2695.038},{"text":"it","start":2695.07,"end":2695.167},{"text":"comes","start":2695.167,"end":2695.424},{"text":"to","start":2695.424,"end":2695.504},{"text":"partnerships.","start":2695.568,"end":2696.226}]},{"text":"Governance is transparent.","start":2697.013,"end":2698.378,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Governance","start":2697.013,"end":2697.575},{"text":"is","start":2697.575,"end":2697.623},{"text":"transparent.","start":2697.655,"end":2698.378}]},{"text":"There is long-term investment in both people and infrastructure.","start":2699.02,"end":2703.05,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":2699.02,"end":2699.133},{"text":"is","start":2699.197,"end":2699.309},{"text":"long-term","start":2699.373,"end":2699.951},{"text":"investment","start":2700,"end":2700.69},{"text":"in","start":2700.706,"end":2700.835},{"text":"both","start":2700.867,"end":2701.075},{"text":"people","start":2701.188,"end":2701.541},{"text":"and","start":2701.975,"end":2702.087},{"text":"infrastructure.","start":2702.232,"end":2703.05}]},{"text":"If you go to Katanga, you see how much energy infrastructure has been built through strategic partnerships, and a commitment to capturing value through skills processing and technology transfer.","start":2703.5,"end":2715.562,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":2703.5,"end":2703.58},{"text":"you","start":2703.58,"end":2703.757},{"text":"go","start":2703.757,"end":2703.901},{"text":"to","start":2703.917,"end":2703.998},{"text":"Katanga,","start":2703.998,"end":2704.592},{"text":"you","start":2704.64,"end":2704.801},{"text":"see","start":2704.801,"end":2705.154},{"text":"how","start":2705.186,"end":2705.298},{"text":"much","start":2705.298,"end":2705.523},{"text":"energy","start":2705.603,"end":2705.973},{"text":"infrastructure","start":2706.085,"end":2706.727},{"text":"has","start":2706.727,"end":2706.936},{"text":"been","start":2707.032,"end":2707.177},{"text":"built","start":2707.289,"end":2707.659},{"text":"through","start":2707.9,"end":2708.108},{"text":"strategic","start":2708.108,"end":2708.717},{"text":"partnerships,","start":2708.733,"end":2709.518},{"text":"and","start":2710.096,"end":2710.16},{"text":"a","start":2710.192,"end":2710.256},{"text":"commitment","start":2710.256,"end":2710.897},{"text":"to","start":2710.897,"end":2711.041},{"text":"capturing","start":2711.041,"end":2711.506},{"text":"value","start":2711.618,"end":2712.099},{"text":"through","start":2712.324,"end":2712.516},{"text":"skills","start":2712.516,"end":2713.109},{"text":"processing","start":2713.365,"end":2713.91},{"text":"and","start":2714.103,"end":2714.167},{"text":"technology","start":2714.183,"end":2714.872},{"text":"transfer.","start":2714.968,"end":2715.562}]},{"text":"Now, these ambitions shouldn't be viewed as being at tension— in tension with investment.","start":2716.587,"end":2721.829,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":2716.587,"end":2716.7},{"text":"these","start":2717.132,"end":2717.357},{"text":"ambitions","start":2717.693,"end":2718.238},{"text":"shouldn't","start":2718.254,"end":2718.671},{"text":"be","start":2718.671,"end":2718.831},{"text":"viewed","start":2718.831,"end":2719.216},{"text":"as","start":2719.216,"end":2719.36},{"text":"being","start":2719.393,"end":2719.665},{"text":"at","start":2719.793,"end":2719.857},{"text":"tension—","start":2719.954,"end":2720.402},{"text":"in","start":2720.595,"end":2720.675},{"text":"tension","start":2720.675,"end":2721.044},{"text":"with","start":2721.14,"end":2721.316},{"text":"investment.","start":2721.316,"end":2721.829}]},{"text":"In fact, they can reinforce it.","start":2722.262,"end":2724.009,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2722.262,"end":2722.31},{"text":"fact,","start":2722.342,"end":2722.566},{"text":"they","start":2722.582,"end":2722.679},{"text":"can","start":2722.743,"end":2722.903},{"text":"reinforce","start":2723.224,"end":2723.865},{"text":"it.","start":2723.865,"end":2724.009}]},{"text":"Mining is amongst the most capital-intensive industries in the world, and developing a large-scale mine requires billions of dollars, often more than a decade before production begins.","start":2724.586,"end":2735.069,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mining","start":2724.586,"end":2724.875},{"text":"is","start":2724.923,"end":2725.067},{"text":"amongst","start":2725.067,"end":2725.371},{"text":"the","start":2725.387,"end":2725.42},{"text":"most","start":2725.42,"end":2725.66},{"text":"capital-intensive","start":2725.708,"end":2726.654},{"text":"industries","start":2726.67,"end":2727.167},{"text":"in","start":2727.167,"end":2727.215},{"text":"the","start":2727.247,"end":2727.295},{"text":"world,","start":2727.391,"end":2727.808},{"text":"and","start":2728.273,"end":2728.353},{"text":"developing","start":2728.369,"end":2728.866},{"text":"a","start":2728.866,"end":2728.93},{"text":"large-scale","start":2728.93,"end":2729.427},{"text":"mine","start":2729.427,"end":2729.86},{"text":"requires","start":2729.892,"end":2730.373},{"text":"billions","start":2730.533,"end":2730.95},{"text":"of","start":2730.95,"end":2731.03},{"text":"dollars,","start":2731.078,"end":2731.543},{"text":"often","start":2732.36,"end":2732.665},{"text":"more","start":2732.777,"end":2733.017},{"text":"than","start":2733.017,"end":2733.162},{"text":"a","start":2733.162,"end":2733.178},{"text":"decade","start":2733.258,"end":2733.659},{"text":"before","start":2733.659,"end":2734.059},{"text":"production","start":2734.059,"end":2734.588},{"text":"begins.","start":2734.62,"end":2735.069}]},{"text":"Investors therefore require that stability, and producer countries meanwhile have a very legitimate expectation that the development of these resources will generate lasting economic benefits.","start":2735.824,"end":2746.725,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Investors","start":2735.824,"end":2736.369},{"text":"therefore","start":2736.369,"end":2736.675},{"text":"require","start":2736.771,"end":2737.269},{"text":"that","start":2737.269,"end":2737.493},{"text":"stability,","start":2737.493,"end":2737.959},{"text":"and","start":2738.232,"end":2738.392},{"text":"producer","start":2738.392,"end":2738.954},{"text":"countries","start":2738.954,"end":2739.388},{"text":"meanwhile","start":2739.5,"end":2739.87},{"text":"have","start":2739.998,"end":2740.159},{"text":"a","start":2740.159,"end":2740.303},{"text":"very","start":2740.303,"end":2740.528},{"text":"legitimate","start":2740.576,"end":2741.186},{"text":"expectation","start":2741.186,"end":2741.973},{"text":"that","start":2742.406,"end":2742.567},{"text":"the","start":2742.567,"end":2742.647},{"text":"development","start":2742.711,"end":2743.193},{"text":"of","start":2743.193,"end":2743.257},{"text":"these","start":2743.289,"end":2743.498},{"text":"resources","start":2743.53,"end":2744.06},{"text":"will","start":2744.172,"end":2744.285},{"text":"generate","start":2744.397,"end":2744.927},{"text":"lasting","start":2745.039,"end":2745.425},{"text":"economic","start":2745.537,"end":2746.099},{"text":"benefits.","start":2746.099,"end":2746.725}]},{"text":"So achieving this balance requires genuine partnership, and governments can create that stability.","start":2748.202,"end":2753.131,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2748.202,"end":2748.411},{"text":"achieving","start":2748.572,"end":2748.877},{"text":"this","start":2748.909,"end":2749.069},{"text":"balance","start":2749.069,"end":2749.535},{"text":"requires","start":2749.535,"end":2750.001},{"text":"genuine","start":2750.097,"end":2750.402},{"text":"partnership,","start":2750.498,"end":2751.157},{"text":"and","start":2751.237,"end":2751.301},{"text":"governments","start":2751.381,"end":2751.863},{"text":"can","start":2751.863,"end":2752.104},{"text":"create","start":2752.104,"end":2752.377},{"text":"that","start":2752.441,"end":2752.553},{"text":"stability.","start":2752.618,"end":2753.131}]},{"text":"Development finance institutions reduce investment risk.","start":2753.324,"end":2756.953,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":2753.324,"end":2753.774},{"text":"finance","start":2753.806,"end":2754.368},{"text":"institutions","start":2754.368,"end":2755.138},{"text":"reduce","start":2755.556,"end":2756.005},{"text":"investment","start":2756.054,"end":2756.567},{"text":"risk.","start":2756.68,"end":2756.953}]},{"text":"Multilateral institutions strengthen governance and transparency.","start":2757.322,"end":2761.159,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Multilateral","start":2757.322,"end":2758.093},{"text":"institutions","start":2758.221,"end":2758.944},{"text":"strengthen","start":2758.944,"end":2759.393},{"text":"governance","start":2759.586,"end":2760.148},{"text":"and","start":2760.148,"end":2760.292},{"text":"transparency.","start":2760.292,"end":2761.159}]},{"text":"And each has a distinct role, but none can succeed alone.","start":2761.656,"end":2764.767,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2761.656,"end":2761.769},{"text":"each","start":2761.897,"end":2761.961},{"text":"has","start":2761.993,"end":2762.202},{"text":"a","start":2762.234,"end":2762.298},{"text":"distinct","start":2762.298,"end":2762.795},{"text":"role,","start":2762.795,"end":2762.987},{"text":"but","start":2763.116,"end":2763.244},{"text":"none","start":2763.356,"end":2763.565},{"text":"can","start":2763.677,"end":2763.917},{"text":"succeed","start":2763.917,"end":2764.398},{"text":"alone.","start":2764.398,"end":2764.767}]},{"text":"These partnerships can only support responsible mining— not only support responsible mining, but the infrastructure, the workforce, the geological knowledge and data, the environmental stewardship, and commercially viable opportunities.","start":2765.441,"end":2778.958,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2765.441,"end":2765.569},{"text":"partnerships","start":2765.665,"end":2766.242},{"text":"can","start":2766.242,"end":2766.387},{"text":"only","start":2766.467,"end":2766.659},{"text":"support","start":2766.659,"end":2767.108},{"text":"responsible","start":2767.108,"end":2767.669},{"text":"mining—","start":2767.669,"end":2768.038},{"text":"not","start":2768.631,"end":2768.792},{"text":"only","start":2768.792,"end":2769.016},{"text":"support","start":2769.048,"end":2769.481},{"text":"responsible","start":2769.513,"end":2769.978},{"text":"mining,","start":2770.01,"end":2770.299},{"text":"but","start":2770.732,"end":2770.892},{"text":"the","start":2770.892,"end":2771.053},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":2771.053,"end":2771.758},{"text":"the","start":2771.935,"end":2771.983},{"text":"workforce,","start":2772.095,"end":2772.736},{"text":"the","start":2772.881,"end":2772.977},{"text":"geological","start":2772.977,"end":2773.73},{"text":"knowledge","start":2773.778,"end":2774.179},{"text":"and","start":2774.324,"end":2774.404},{"text":"data,","start":2774.5,"end":2774.917},{"text":"the","start":2775.542,"end":2775.671},{"text":"environmental","start":2775.687,"end":2776.312},{"text":"stewardship,","start":2776.344,"end":2776.985},{"text":"and","start":2777.146,"end":2777.21},{"text":"commercially","start":2777.29,"end":2777.787},{"text":"viable","start":2777.787,"end":2778.124},{"text":"opportunities.","start":2778.172,"end":2778.958}]},{"text":"So this is not a challenge that any one country, company, or institution can solve alone.","start":2779.567,"end":2784.57,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2779.567,"end":2779.663},{"text":"this","start":2779.711,"end":2779.872},{"text":"is","start":2779.872,"end":2779.92},{"text":"not","start":2779.968,"end":2780.128},{"text":"a","start":2780.128,"end":2780.192},{"text":"challenge","start":2780.192,"end":2780.641},{"text":"that","start":2780.673,"end":2780.834},{"text":"any","start":2780.898,"end":2781.042},{"text":"one","start":2781.154,"end":2781.443},{"text":"country,","start":2781.475,"end":2781.924},{"text":"company,","start":2782.116,"end":2782.533},{"text":"or","start":2782.597,"end":2782.79},{"text":"institution","start":2782.838,"end":2783.527},{"text":"can","start":2783.624,"end":2783.8},{"text":"solve","start":2783.8,"end":2784.137},{"text":"alone.","start":2784.137,"end":2784.57}]},{"text":"It requires a shared commitment to partnership, transparency, and mutual benefit.","start":2785.243,"end":2789.043,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2785.243,"end":2785.323},{"text":"requires","start":2785.323,"end":2785.933},{"text":"a","start":2785.965,"end":2786.029},{"text":"shared","start":2786.029,"end":2786.285},{"text":"commitment","start":2786.285,"end":2786.734},{"text":"to","start":2786.831,"end":2786.895},{"text":"partnership,","start":2786.927,"end":2787.44},{"text":"transparency,","start":2787.488,"end":2788.145},{"text":"and","start":2788.21,"end":2788.29},{"text":"mutual","start":2788.29,"end":2788.61},{"text":"benefit.","start":2788.61,"end":2789.043}]},{"text":"So as the international community considers future action, I believe our, our approach should rest on 4 principles.","start":2789.749,"end":2795.954,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2789.749,"end":2789.861},{"text":"as","start":2789.877,"end":2789.909},{"text":"the","start":2789.909,"end":2790.053},{"text":"international","start":2790.053,"end":2790.583},{"text":"community","start":2790.615,"end":2791.144},{"text":"considers","start":2791.176,"end":2791.625},{"text":"future","start":2791.657,"end":2791.961},{"text":"action,","start":2792.042,"end":2792.33},{"text":"I","start":2792.362,"end":2792.426},{"text":"believe","start":2792.539,"end":2792.988},{"text":"our,","start":2793.004,"end":2793.212},{"text":"our","start":2793.485,"end":2793.597},{"text":"approach","start":2793.661,"end":2794.03},{"text":"should","start":2794.062,"end":2794.431},{"text":"rest","start":2794.864,"end":2795.072},{"text":"on","start":2795.168,"end":2795.312},{"text":"4","start":2795.328,"end":2795.457},{"text":"principles.","start":2795.569,"end":2795.954}]},{"text":"First, sovereignty over natural resource and international partnership should be viewed as complementary rather than as competing principles.","start":2796.691,"end":2805.173,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":2796.691,"end":2797.044},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2797.349,"end":2797.99},{"text":"over","start":2798.134,"end":2798.247},{"text":"natural","start":2798.247,"end":2798.792},{"text":"resource","start":2798.792,"end":2799.353},{"text":"and","start":2799.417,"end":2799.593},{"text":"international","start":2799.593,"end":2800.155},{"text":"partnership","start":2800.155,"end":2800.892},{"text":"should","start":2800.956,"end":2801.213},{"text":"be","start":2801.261,"end":2801.437},{"text":"viewed","start":2801.437,"end":2801.758},{"text":"as","start":2801.758,"end":2801.806},{"text":"complementary","start":2801.902,"end":2802.608},{"text":"rather","start":2803.201,"end":2803.602},{"text":"than","start":2803.602,"end":2803.81},{"text":"as","start":2803.906,"end":2803.971},{"text":"competing","start":2804.083,"end":2804.532},{"text":"principles.","start":2804.628,"end":2805.173}]},{"text":"Every nation has the sovereign right to determine how its resources are developed, consistent with international law, exercised through transparent governance, accountable institutions, and predictable policy frameworks, that sovereignty becomes a foundation for investment, development, and international cooperation.","start":2805.75,"end":2825.694,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":2805.75,"end":2806.055},{"text":"nation","start":2806.103,"end":2806.536},{"text":"has","start":2806.632,"end":2806.937},{"text":"the","start":2807.033,"end":2807.081},{"text":"sovereign","start":2807.113,"end":2807.562},{"text":"right","start":2807.61,"end":2807.835},{"text":"to","start":2807.835,"end":2807.947},{"text":"determine","start":2807.947,"end":2808.46},{"text":"how","start":2808.476,"end":2808.668},{"text":"its","start":2808.749,"end":2808.989},{"text":"resources","start":2808.989,"end":2809.582},{"text":"are","start":2809.839,"end":2809.887},{"text":"developed,","start":2810.079,"end":2810.721},{"text":"consistent","start":2811.202,"end":2811.859},{"text":"with","start":2811.859,"end":2812.036},{"text":"international","start":2812.1,"end":2812.741},{"text":"law,","start":2812.741,"end":2812.837},{"text":"exercised","start":2813.703,"end":2814.312},{"text":"through","start":2814.408,"end":2814.601},{"text":"transparent","start":2814.665,"end":2815.29},{"text":"governance,","start":2815.306,"end":2815.868},{"text":"accountable","start":2816.012,"end":2816.493},{"text":"institutions,","start":2816.589,"end":2817.295},{"text":"and","start":2817.311,"end":2817.455},{"text":"predictable","start":2817.455,"end":2819.651},{"text":"policy","start":2817.872,"end":2818.272},{"text":"frameworks,","start":2818.272,"end":2818.898},{"text":"that","start":2819.314,"end":2819.491},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2819.491,"end":2820.244},{"text":"becomes","start":2820.276,"end":2820.725},{"text":"a","start":2820.821,"end":2820.837},{"text":"foundation","start":2820.837,"end":2821.59},{"text":"for","start":2821.718,"end":2821.959},{"text":"investment,","start":2821.959,"end":2822.552},{"text":"development,","start":2823.065,"end":2823.722},{"text":"and","start":2824.187,"end":2824.331},{"text":"international","start":2824.363,"end":2824.988},{"text":"cooperation.","start":2824.988,"end":2825.694}]},{"text":"Strong institutions are the most effective safeguards against corruption, public distrust, and investor uncertainty.","start":2826.431,"end":2833.788,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Strong","start":2826.431,"end":2826.816},{"text":"institutions","start":2826.928,"end":2827.857},{"text":"are","start":2827.97,"end":2828.066},{"text":"the","start":2828.13,"end":2828.242},{"text":"most","start":2828.242,"end":2828.547},{"text":"effective","start":2828.611,"end":2829.156},{"text":"safeguards","start":2829.172,"end":2829.909},{"text":"against","start":2829.957,"end":2830.438},{"text":"corruption,","start":2830.438,"end":2830.887},{"text":"public","start":2831.335,"end":2831.736},{"text":"distrust,","start":2831.736,"end":2832.377},{"text":"and","start":2832.522,"end":2832.586},{"text":"investor","start":2832.618,"end":2833.034},{"text":"uncertainty.","start":2833.163,"end":2833.788}]},{"text":"Second, investment frameworks must balance commercial competitiveness with long-term public benefit.","start":2834.717,"end":2841.642,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":2834.717,"end":2835.166},{"text":"investment","start":2835.743,"end":2836.192},{"text":"frameworks","start":2836.224,"end":2836.977},{"text":"must","start":2837.09,"end":2837.378},{"text":"balance","start":2837.426,"end":2837.907},{"text":"commercial","start":2837.907,"end":2838.356},{"text":"competitiveness","start":2838.388,"end":2839.334},{"text":"with","start":2839.67,"end":2839.847},{"text":"long-term","start":2839.975,"end":2840.664},{"text":"public","start":2840.712,"end":2841.177},{"text":"benefit.","start":2841.193,"end":2841.642}]},{"text":"Durable partnerships require both financial viability and broad societal legitimacy.","start":2842.219,"end":2848.377,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Durable","start":2842.219,"end":2842.571},{"text":"partnerships","start":2842.635,"end":2843.373},{"text":"require","start":2843.501,"end":2843.95},{"text":"both","start":2844.078,"end":2844.367},{"text":"financial","start":2844.399,"end":2844.928},{"text":"viability","start":2845.024,"end":2845.729},{"text":"and","start":2846.306,"end":2846.483},{"text":"broad","start":2846.483,"end":2846.852},{"text":"societal","start":2846.884,"end":2847.494},{"text":"legitimacy.","start":2847.607,"end":2848.377}]},{"text":"Third, sustainability must be understood more broadly than maybe we think about it.","start":2849.694,"end":2854.944,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":2849.694,"end":2850.095},{"text":"sustainability","start":2850.561,"end":2851.428},{"text":"must","start":2851.476,"end":2851.733},{"text":"be","start":2851.765,"end":2851.813},{"text":"understood","start":2851.942,"end":2852.455},{"text":"more","start":2852.504,"end":2852.744},{"text":"broadly","start":2852.744,"end":2853.194},{"text":"than","start":2853.306,"end":2853.435},{"text":"maybe","start":2853.467,"end":2853.74},{"text":"we","start":2853.852,"end":2854.045},{"text":"think","start":2854.35,"end":2854.527},{"text":"about","start":2854.527,"end":2854.832},{"text":"it.","start":2854.832,"end":2854.944}]},{"text":"Long-term success requires balancing environmental responsibility to ensure that communities are not bearing the benefits of these operations, the interests of those local communities, and economic competitiveness.","start":2855.779,"end":2867.82,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Long-term","start":2855.779,"end":2856.212},{"text":"success","start":2856.261,"end":2856.662},{"text":"requires","start":2856.662,"end":2857.047},{"text":"balancing","start":2857.079,"end":2857.609},{"text":"environmental","start":2857.722,"end":2858.556},{"text":"responsibility","start":2858.669,"end":2859.536},{"text":"to","start":2859.712,"end":2859.857},{"text":"ensure","start":2859.889,"end":2860.226},{"text":"that","start":2860.226,"end":2860.338},{"text":"communities","start":2860.371,"end":2861.029},{"text":"are","start":2861.029,"end":2861.093},{"text":"not","start":2861.109,"end":2861.318},{"text":"bearing","start":2861.334,"end":2861.623},{"text":"the","start":2861.655,"end":2861.735},{"text":"benefits","start":2861.735,"end":2862.281},{"text":"of","start":2862.281,"end":2862.377},{"text":"these","start":2862.377,"end":2862.602},{"text":"operations,","start":2862.602,"end":2863.309},{"text":"the","start":2863.887,"end":2864.047},{"text":"interests","start":2864.063,"end":2864.561},{"text":"of","start":2864.561,"end":2864.641},{"text":"those","start":2864.689,"end":2864.834},{"text":"local","start":2864.93,"end":2865.187},{"text":"communities,","start":2865.187,"end":2865.877},{"text":"and","start":2866.375,"end":2866.439},{"text":"economic","start":2866.552,"end":2867.114},{"text":"competitiveness.","start":2867.114,"end":2867.82}]},{"text":"They are not competing objectives.","start":2868.398,"end":2869.891,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2868.398,"end":2868.478},{"text":"are","start":2868.478,"end":2868.543},{"text":"not","start":2868.575,"end":2868.864},{"text":"competing","start":2868.88,"end":2869.297},{"text":"objectives.","start":2869.345,"end":2869.891}]},{"text":"They are mutually reinforcing foundation for equitable benefit sharing and lasting development.","start":2870.148,"end":2875.986,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2870.148,"end":2870.244},{"text":"are","start":2870.244,"end":2870.341},{"text":"mutually","start":2870.341,"end":2870.855},{"text":"reinforcing","start":2870.887,"end":2871.497},{"text":"foundation","start":2871.609,"end":2872.219},{"text":"for","start":2872.476,"end":2872.748},{"text":"equitable","start":2872.796,"end":2873.245},{"text":"benefit","start":2873.293,"end":2873.726},{"text":"sharing","start":2873.774,"end":2874.223},{"text":"and","start":2874.8,"end":2874.96},{"text":"lasting","start":2874.96,"end":2875.345},{"text":"development.","start":2875.377,"end":2875.986}]},{"text":"And fourth, international cooperation should promote diversification rather than fragmentation.","start":2876.499,"end":2882.799,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2876.499,"end":2876.563},{"text":"fourth,","start":2876.66,"end":2877.108},{"text":"international","start":2878.022,"end":2878.551},{"text":"cooperation","start":2878.647,"end":2879.465},{"text":"should","start":2879.465,"end":2879.673},{"text":"promote","start":2879.705,"end":2880.154},{"text":"diversification","start":2880.266,"end":2881.356},{"text":"rather","start":2881.533,"end":2881.773},{"text":"than","start":2881.853,"end":2881.949},{"text":"fragmentation.","start":2882.013,"end":2882.799}]},{"text":"Resilient supply chains will be built by expanding the number of capable and trusted partners.","start":2883.616,"end":2888.89,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Resilient","start":2883.616,"end":2884.177},{"text":"supply","start":2884.177,"end":2884.546},{"text":"chains","start":2884.594,"end":2884.883},{"text":"will","start":2884.899,"end":2884.963},{"text":"be","start":2884.995,"end":2885.219},{"text":"built","start":2885.219,"end":2885.492},{"text":"by","start":2885.636,"end":2885.828},{"text":"expanding","start":2885.861,"end":2886.566},{"text":"the","start":2886.662,"end":2886.694},{"text":"number","start":2886.694,"end":2887.143},{"text":"of","start":2887.159,"end":2887.207},{"text":"capable","start":2887.303,"end":2887.768},{"text":"and","start":2887.88,"end":2887.944},{"text":"trusted","start":2888.025,"end":2888.441},{"text":"partners.","start":2888.441,"end":2888.89}]},{"text":"I cannot tell you how many conversations we have had in Washington with colleagues from around the world, from Saudi Arabia to Japan to the United States to Australia, who are invested in developing resources in the DRC, and more partners is always a good thing.","start":2889.387,"end":2905.732,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2889.387,"end":2889.435},{"text":"cannot","start":2889.483,"end":2889.788},{"text":"tell","start":2889.884,"end":2889.996},{"text":"you","start":2890.108,"end":2890.333},{"text":"how","start":2890.349,"end":2890.381},{"text":"many","start":2890.445,"end":2890.653},{"text":"conversations","start":2890.685,"end":2891.423},{"text":"we","start":2891.423,"end":2891.551},{"text":"have","start":2891.551,"end":2891.695},{"text":"had","start":2891.711,"end":2891.904},{"text":"in","start":2891.904,"end":2892.016},{"text":"Washington","start":2892.048,"end":2892.641},{"text":"with","start":2893.17,"end":2893.507},{"text":"colleagues","start":2894.036,"end":2894.42},{"text":"from","start":2894.452,"end":2894.581},{"text":"around","start":2894.613,"end":2895.029},{"text":"the","start":2895.029,"end":2895.142},{"text":"world,","start":2895.174,"end":2895.494},{"text":"from","start":2895.558,"end":2895.639},{"text":"Saudi","start":2895.719,"end":2896.103},{"text":"Arabia","start":2896.135,"end":2896.697},{"text":"to","start":2896.697,"end":2896.793},{"text":"Japan","start":2896.857,"end":2897.29},{"text":"to","start":2897.498,"end":2897.594},{"text":"the","start":2897.594,"end":2897.722},{"text":"United","start":2897.722,"end":2898.155},{"text":"States","start":2898.155,"end":2898.54},{"text":"to","start":2898.54,"end":2898.668},{"text":"Australia,","start":2898.7,"end":2899.261},{"text":"who","start":2899.502,"end":2899.662},{"text":"are","start":2899.662,"end":2899.759},{"text":"invested","start":2899.759,"end":2900.449},{"text":"in","start":2900.449,"end":2900.546},{"text":"developing","start":2900.546,"end":2901.075},{"text":"resources","start":2901.108,"end":2901.718},{"text":"in","start":2901.75,"end":2901.814},{"text":"the","start":2901.894,"end":2901.991},{"text":"DRC,","start":2901.991,"end":2902.665},{"text":"and","start":2903.339,"end":2903.484},{"text":"more","start":2903.516,"end":2903.709},{"text":"partners","start":2903.837,"end":2904.367},{"text":"is","start":2904.496,"end":2904.608},{"text":"always","start":2904.785,"end":2905.09},{"text":"a","start":2905.186,"end":2905.282},{"text":"good","start":2905.282,"end":2905.507},{"text":"thing.","start":2905.507,"end":2905.732}]},{"text":"So, allow me to conclude with one final observation.","start":2907.209,"end":2909.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":2907.209,"end":2907.305},{"text":"allow","start":2907.37,"end":2907.53},{"text":"me","start":2907.53,"end":2907.691},{"text":"to","start":2907.691,"end":2907.771},{"text":"conclude","start":2907.771,"end":2908.253},{"text":"with","start":2908.253,"end":2908.429},{"text":"one","start":2908.478,"end":2908.622},{"text":"final","start":2908.654,"end":2909.04},{"text":"observation.","start":2909.04,"end":2909.73}]},{"text":"Too often, discussions on critical minerals present national interests, sovereign rights, and international cooperation as competing objectives, and I would suggest the opposite.","start":2910.42,"end":2920.809,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":2910.42,"end":2910.629},{"text":"often,","start":2910.725,"end":2911.047},{"text":"discussions","start":2911.063,"end":2911.673},{"text":"on","start":2911.689,"end":2911.753},{"text":"critical","start":2911.849,"end":2912.138},{"text":"minerals","start":2912.138,"end":2912.636},{"text":"present","start":2912.668,"end":2913.038},{"text":"national","start":2913.054,"end":2913.423},{"text":"interests,","start":2913.471,"end":2914.017},{"text":"sovereign","start":2914.033,"end":2914.483},{"text":"rights,","start":2914.515,"end":2914.852},{"text":"and","start":2914.997,"end":2915.061},{"text":"international","start":2915.157,"end":2915.767},{"text":"cooperation","start":2915.88,"end":2916.65},{"text":"as","start":2917.164,"end":2917.293},{"text":"competing","start":2917.325,"end":2917.774},{"text":"objectives,","start":2917.951,"end":2919.219},{"text":"and","start":2919.332,"end":2919.396},{"text":"I","start":2919.476,"end":2919.524},{"text":"would","start":2919.573,"end":2919.733},{"text":"suggest","start":2919.733,"end":2920.215},{"text":"the","start":2920.215,"end":2920.359},{"text":"opposite.","start":2920.44,"end":2920.809}]},{"text":"When countries exercise sovereign stewardship over their resources, Through those transparent institutions and good governance, they strengthen both their own national development and international peace and security.","start":2921.419,"end":2932.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":2921.419,"end":2921.628},{"text":"countries","start":2921.644,"end":2922.11},{"text":"exercise","start":2922.222,"end":2922.832},{"text":"sovereign","start":2922.864,"end":2923.153},{"text":"stewardship","start":2923.25,"end":2923.812},{"text":"over","start":2923.812,"end":2923.956},{"text":"their","start":2923.972,"end":2924.085},{"text":"resources,","start":2924.133,"end":2924.759},{"text":"Through","start":2925.257,"end":2925.514},{"text":"those","start":2925.514,"end":2925.723},{"text":"transparent","start":2925.755,"end":2926.349},{"text":"institutions","start":2926.397,"end":2927.104},{"text":"and","start":2927.104,"end":2927.184},{"text":"good","start":2927.2,"end":2927.345},{"text":"governance,","start":2927.361,"end":2927.907},{"text":"they","start":2928.308,"end":2928.405},{"text":"strengthen","start":2928.405,"end":2928.887},{"text":"both","start":2928.887,"end":2929.095},{"text":"their","start":2929.127,"end":2929.24},{"text":"own","start":2929.433,"end":2929.497},{"text":"national","start":2929.529,"end":2930.043},{"text":"development","start":2930.155,"end":2930.75},{"text":"and","start":2931.119,"end":2931.183},{"text":"international","start":2931.296,"end":2931.89},{"text":"peace","start":2931.938,"end":2932.195},{"text":"and","start":2932.259,"end":2932.34},{"text":"security.","start":2932.34,"end":2932.95}]},{"text":"The future of minerals should therefore not be understood as a choice between sovereignty and cooperation, but as a way to align them.","start":2933.625,"end":2940.868,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2933.625,"end":2933.705},{"text":"future","start":2933.705,"end":2934.01},{"text":"of","start":2934.01,"end":2934.058},{"text":"minerals","start":2934.09,"end":2934.395},{"text":"should","start":2934.492,"end":2934.685},{"text":"therefore","start":2934.733,"end":2935.15},{"text":"not","start":2935.15,"end":2935.423},{"text":"be","start":2935.472,"end":2935.632},{"text":"understood","start":2935.632,"end":2936.242},{"text":"as","start":2936.419,"end":2936.483},{"text":"a","start":2936.532,"end":2936.596},{"text":"choice","start":2936.596,"end":2936.997},{"text":"between","start":2936.997,"end":2937.367},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2937.463,"end":2938.025},{"text":"and","start":2938.025,"end":2938.106},{"text":"cooperation,","start":2938.122,"end":2938.812},{"text":"but","start":2939.326,"end":2939.487},{"text":"as","start":2939.487,"end":2939.615},{"text":"a","start":2939.647,"end":2939.696},{"text":"way","start":2939.728,"end":2939.92},{"text":"to","start":2940.033,"end":2940.177},{"text":"align","start":2940.21,"end":2940.659},{"text":"them.","start":2940.691,"end":2940.868}]},{"text":"The DRC should not be viewed merely as a source of minerals.","start":2941.639,"end":2944.353,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2941.639,"end":2941.735},{"text":"DRC","start":2941.735,"end":2942.153},{"text":"should","start":2942.217,"end":2942.41},{"text":"not","start":2942.41,"end":2942.619},{"text":"be","start":2942.619,"end":2942.779},{"text":"viewed","start":2942.779,"end":2943.004},{"text":"merely","start":2943.004,"end":2943.358},{"text":"as","start":2943.358,"end":2943.438},{"text":"a","start":2943.438,"end":2943.502},{"text":"source","start":2943.502,"end":2943.711},{"text":"of","start":2943.807,"end":2943.888},{"text":"minerals.","start":2943.888,"end":2944.353}]},{"text":"It must be recognized as a partner in building the global economy of the 21st century.","start":2944.787,"end":2949.734,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2944.787,"end":2944.964},{"text":"must","start":2944.964,"end":2945.333},{"text":"be","start":2945.333,"end":2945.429},{"text":"recognized","start":2945.494,"end":2946.072},{"text":"as","start":2946.072,"end":2946.168},{"text":"a","start":2946.168,"end":2946.232},{"text":"partner","start":2946.232,"end":2946.698},{"text":"in","start":2946.714,"end":2946.859},{"text":"building","start":2946.859,"end":2947.164},{"text":"the","start":2947.18,"end":2947.276},{"text":"global","start":2947.276,"end":2947.598},{"text":"economy","start":2947.598,"end":2948.047},{"text":"of","start":2948.561,"end":2948.658},{"text":"the","start":2948.658,"end":2948.786},{"text":"21st","start":2948.786,"end":2949.396},{"text":"century.","start":2949.396,"end":2949.734}]},{"text":"Mineral wealth is may be a gift of geology, but whether it becomes a source of conflict or prosperity is a matter of governance and international cooperation.","start":2950.312,"end":2958.758,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Mineral","start":2950.312,"end":2950.601},{"text":"wealth","start":2950.713,"end":2951.035},{"text":"is","start":2951.115,"end":2951.26},{"text":"may","start":2951.372,"end":2951.614},{"text":"be","start":2951.614,"end":2951.695},{"text":"a","start":2951.711,"end":2951.727},{"text":"gift","start":2951.776,"end":2952.082},{"text":"of","start":2952.082,"end":2952.163},{"text":"geology,","start":2952.163,"end":2952.711},{"text":"but","start":2953.146,"end":2953.259},{"text":"whether","start":2953.308,"end":2953.614},{"text":"it","start":2953.63,"end":2953.775},{"text":"becomes","start":2953.775,"end":2954.13},{"text":"a","start":2954.13,"end":2954.194},{"text":"source","start":2954.194,"end":2954.404},{"text":"of","start":2954.501,"end":2954.565},{"text":"conflict","start":2954.582,"end":2955.162},{"text":"or","start":2955.178,"end":2955.243},{"text":"prosperity","start":2955.243,"end":2955.936},{"text":"is","start":2956.049,"end":2956.097},{"text":"a","start":2956.146,"end":2956.21},{"text":"matter","start":2956.21,"end":2956.646},{"text":"of","start":2956.694,"end":2956.823},{"text":"governance","start":2956.855,"end":2957.404},{"text":"and","start":2957.484,"end":2957.581},{"text":"international","start":2957.581,"end":2958.21},{"text":"cooperation.","start":2958.21,"end":2958.758}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":2960.145,"end":2962.157,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2960.145,"end":2961.524},{"text":"you.","start":2962.109,"end":2962.157}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Gracelin Baskaran","affiliation":"CSIS","affiliation_full":"CSIS","group":null,"function":"Director"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":2962.336,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=2963","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Dr. Grasslin-Christina, for the insightful information and also the important recommendations.","start":2962.336,"end":2971.611,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2962.336,"end":2962.498},{"text":"you","start":2962.498,"end":2962.579},{"text":"very","start":2962.579,"end":2962.758},{"text":"much,","start":2962.758,"end":2962.888},{"text":"Dr.","start":2963.001,"end":2963.294},{"text":"Grasslin-Christina,","start":2963.391,"end":2964.608},{"text":"for","start":2964.624,"end":2964.868},{"text":"the","start":2964.868,"end":2964.949},{"text":"insightful","start":2965.257,"end":2966.004},{"text":"information","start":2966.004,"end":2966.652},{"text":"and","start":2966.652,"end":2966.958},{"text":"also","start":2967.296,"end":2967.699},{"text":"the","start":2967.699,"end":2969.309},{"text":"important","start":2970.436,"end":2970.903},{"text":"recommendations.","start":2970.903,"end":2971.611}]},{"text":"We now give the floor to Mr. Cobb, Alexander B. You have the floor, sir.","start":2972.674,"end":2977.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2972.674,"end":2972.787},{"text":"now","start":2972.835,"end":2972.932},{"text":"give","start":2972.932,"end":2973.189},{"text":"the","start":2973.189,"end":2973.318},{"text":"floor","start":2973.318,"end":2973.527},{"text":"to","start":2973.656,"end":2973.833},{"text":"Mr.","start":2974.284,"end":2974.638},{"text":"Cobb,","start":2974.703,"end":2975.025},{"text":"Alexander","start":2975.186,"end":2975.814},{"text":"B.","start":2975.814,"end":2975.894},{"text":"You","start":2977.046,"end":2977.11},{"text":"have","start":2977.11,"end":2977.175},{"text":"the","start":2977.207,"end":2977.303},{"text":"floor,","start":2977.303,"end":2977.463},{"text":"sir.","start":2977.479,"end":2977.64}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":16,"start":2978.506,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=2979","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chairperson. Excellencies, Ministers, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen.","start":2978.506,"end":2984.891,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2978.506,"end":2979.372},{"text":"you,","start":2979.372,"end":2979.405},{"text":"Chairperson.","start":2979.453,"end":2980.159},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":2981.153,"end":2981.763},{"text":"Ministers,","start":2981.875,"end":2982.356},{"text":"distinguished","start":2982.517,"end":2983.03},{"text":"delegates,","start":2983.078,"end":2983.656},{"text":"ladies","start":2983.961,"end":2984.201},{"text":"and","start":2984.201,"end":2984.346},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":2984.346,"end":2984.891}]},{"text":"I thank the DRC for inviting Global Witness to this meeting.","start":2985.87,"end":2988.822,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2985.87,"end":2985.886},{"text":"thank","start":2985.886,"end":2986.143},{"text":"the","start":2986.447,"end":2986.528},{"text":"DRC","start":2986.592,"end":2987.073},{"text":"for","start":2987.073,"end":2987.169},{"text":"inviting","start":2987.169,"end":2987.635},{"text":"Global","start":2987.635,"end":2987.875},{"text":"Witness","start":2987.875,"end":2988.196},{"text":"to","start":2988.196,"end":2988.292},{"text":"this","start":2988.292,"end":2988.453},{"text":"meeting.","start":2988.453,"end":2988.822}]},{"text":"It's a pleasure to join you today in this important discussion.","start":2989.271,"end":2992.351,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":2989.271,"end":2989.496},{"text":"a","start":2989.512,"end":2989.528},{"text":"pleasure","start":2989.576,"end":2989.897},{"text":"to","start":2989.897,"end":2990.057},{"text":"join","start":2990.057,"end":2990.362},{"text":"you","start":2990.362,"end":2990.426},{"text":"today","start":2990.442,"end":2990.859},{"text":"in","start":2991.1,"end":2991.18},{"text":"this","start":2991.18,"end":2991.325},{"text":"important","start":2991.325,"end":2991.886},{"text":"discussion.","start":2991.886,"end":2992.351}]},{"text":"Global Witness is a civil society organization that investigates human rights abuses and crimes related to natural resources.","start":2993.827,"end":3000.421,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Global","start":2993.827,"end":2993.988},{"text":"Witness","start":2993.988,"end":2994.325},{"text":"is","start":2994.325,"end":2994.469},{"text":"a","start":2994.469,"end":2994.485},{"text":"civil","start":2994.533,"end":2994.694},{"text":"society","start":2994.71,"end":2995.255},{"text":"organization","start":2995.255,"end":2995.881},{"text":"that","start":2995.913,"end":2996.25},{"text":"investigates","start":2996.314,"end":2996.988},{"text":"human","start":2997.26,"end":2997.485},{"text":"rights","start":2997.501,"end":2997.79},{"text":"abuses","start":2997.838,"end":2998.207},{"text":"and","start":2998.239,"end":2998.383},{"text":"crimes","start":2998.383,"end":2998.769},{"text":"related","start":2999.041,"end":2999.426},{"text":"to","start":2999.426,"end":2999.506},{"text":"natural","start":2999.506,"end":2999.859},{"text":"resources.","start":2999.908,"end":3000.421}]},{"text":"Over 30 years ago, Global Witness published its first report documenting how the timber trade financed the civil war in Cambodia.","start":3001.528,"end":3009.651,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":3001.528,"end":3001.624},{"text":"30","start":3001.624,"end":3001.977},{"text":"years","start":3002.009,"end":3002.25},{"text":"ago,","start":3002.25,"end":3002.539},{"text":"Global","start":3002.892,"end":3003.116},{"text":"Witness","start":3003.116,"end":3003.405},{"text":"published","start":3003.598,"end":3003.935},{"text":"its","start":3003.935,"end":3004.08},{"text":"first","start":3004.08,"end":3004.417},{"text":"report","start":3004.417,"end":3005.091},{"text":"documenting","start":3005.123,"end":3005.83},{"text":"how","start":3006.488,"end":3006.585},{"text":"the","start":3006.585,"end":3006.729},{"text":"timber","start":3006.729,"end":3007.147},{"text":"trade","start":3007.147,"end":3007.628},{"text":"financed","start":3007.773,"end":3008.271},{"text":"the","start":3008.271,"end":3008.351},{"text":"civil","start":3008.415,"end":3008.672},{"text":"war","start":3008.672,"end":3008.865},{"text":"in","start":3008.913,"end":3008.961},{"text":"Cambodia.","start":3009.057,"end":3009.651}]},{"text":"At that time, conflict finance through natural resources was a new topic, but one on which we continued working until today.","start":3010.679,"end":3017.327,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":3010.679,"end":3010.775},{"text":"that","start":3010.824,"end":3010.984},{"text":"time,","start":3010.984,"end":3011.257},{"text":"conflict","start":3011.321,"end":3011.707},{"text":"finance","start":3011.707,"end":3012.156},{"text":"through","start":3012.285,"end":3012.445},{"text":"natural","start":3012.445,"end":3012.75},{"text":"resources","start":3012.75,"end":3013.216},{"text":"was","start":3013.232,"end":3013.328},{"text":"a","start":3013.328,"end":3013.344},{"text":"new","start":3013.344,"end":3013.633},{"text":"topic,","start":3013.633,"end":3014.131},{"text":"but","start":3014.774,"end":3014.918},{"text":"one","start":3014.998,"end":3015.127},{"text":"on","start":3015.239,"end":3015.303},{"text":"which","start":3015.4,"end":3015.544},{"text":"we","start":3015.737,"end":3015.881},{"text":"continued","start":3015.881,"end":3016.299},{"text":"working","start":3016.299,"end":3016.7},{"text":"until","start":3016.7,"end":3016.957},{"text":"today.","start":3017.005,"end":3017.327}]},{"text":"It quickly became evident that natural resources are a significant source of funding for conflict in many regions.","start":3018.483,"end":3025.258,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3018.483,"end":3018.611},{"text":"quickly","start":3018.611,"end":3018.932},{"text":"became","start":3018.932,"end":3019.221},{"text":"evident","start":3019.285,"end":3019.815},{"text":"that","start":3019.815,"end":3019.976},{"text":"natural","start":3019.976,"end":3020.281},{"text":"resources","start":3020.377,"end":3020.923},{"text":"are","start":3021.341,"end":3021.373},{"text":"a","start":3021.373,"end":3021.437},{"text":"significant","start":3021.437,"end":3022.24},{"text":"source","start":3022.24,"end":3022.529},{"text":"of","start":3022.657,"end":3022.722},{"text":"funding","start":3022.722,"end":3023.251},{"text":"for","start":3023.428,"end":3023.653},{"text":"conflict","start":3023.685,"end":3024.407},{"text":"in","start":3024.488,"end":3024.536},{"text":"many","start":3024.632,"end":3024.857},{"text":"regions.","start":3024.873,"end":3025.258}]},{"text":"According to UNEP, over the past 60 years, at least 40% of all interstate conflicts have been linked to natural resources.","start":3026.109,"end":3034.817,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"According","start":3026.109,"end":3026.415},{"text":"to","start":3026.479,"end":3026.623},{"text":"UNEP,","start":3026.655,"end":3026.977},{"text":"over","start":3027.603,"end":3027.715},{"text":"the","start":3027.715,"end":3027.94},{"text":"past","start":3027.94,"end":3028.357},{"text":"60","start":3028.52,"end":3028.91},{"text":"years,","start":3028.975,"end":3029.203},{"text":"at","start":3029.48,"end":3029.626},{"text":"least","start":3029.626,"end":3029.87},{"text":"40%","start":3029.87,"end":3030.196},{"text":"of","start":3031.335,"end":3031.497},{"text":"all","start":3031.497,"end":3031.546},{"text":"interstate","start":3031.693,"end":3032.327},{"text":"conflicts","start":3032.327,"end":3032.978},{"text":"have","start":3033.059,"end":3033.271},{"text":"been","start":3033.304,"end":3033.45},{"text":"linked","start":3033.466,"end":3033.775},{"text":"to","start":3033.775,"end":3033.808},{"text":"natural","start":3033.808,"end":3034.198},{"text":"resources.","start":3034.198,"end":3034.817}]},{"text":"In today's context of increasing global demand for minerals and other resources, this issue remains highly relevant.","start":3036.226,"end":3042.338,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3036.226,"end":3036.323},{"text":"today's","start":3036.323,"end":3036.792},{"text":"context","start":3036.792,"end":3037.455},{"text":"of","start":3037.455,"end":3037.6},{"text":"increasing","start":3037.6,"end":3038.053},{"text":"global","start":3038.247,"end":3038.49},{"text":"demand","start":3038.49,"end":3038.894},{"text":"for","start":3038.894,"end":3039.007},{"text":"minerals","start":3039.007,"end":3039.427},{"text":"and","start":3039.541,"end":3039.686},{"text":"other","start":3039.686,"end":3039.783},{"text":"resources,","start":3039.783,"end":3040.398},{"text":"this","start":3040.769,"end":3040.883},{"text":"issue","start":3040.98,"end":3041.157},{"text":"remains","start":3041.157,"end":3041.497},{"text":"highly","start":3041.546,"end":3041.804},{"text":"relevant.","start":3041.804,"end":3042.338}]},{"text":"It underscores the urgent need for comprehensive and cohesive approach to prevent conflict financing through resource exploitation.","start":3043.266,"end":3050.577,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3043.266,"end":3043.346},{"text":"underscores","start":3043.346,"end":3043.894},{"text":"the","start":3043.99,"end":3044.119},{"text":"urgent","start":3044.151,"end":3044.409},{"text":"need","start":3044.409,"end":3044.731},{"text":"for","start":3044.795,"end":3045.005},{"text":"comprehensive","start":3045.134,"end":3045.826},{"text":"and","start":3045.858,"end":3045.939},{"text":"cohesive","start":3045.939,"end":3046.422},{"text":"approach","start":3046.422,"end":3046.873},{"text":"to","start":3046.905,"end":3047.034},{"text":"prevent","start":3047.05,"end":3047.533},{"text":"conflict","start":3047.533,"end":3047.952},{"text":"financing","start":3047.952,"end":3048.564},{"text":"through","start":3049.224,"end":3049.401},{"text":"resource","start":3049.401,"end":3049.884},{"text":"exploitation.","start":3049.884,"end":3050.577}]},{"text":"Over the past three decades.","start":3052.391,"end":3053.805,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":3052.391,"end":3052.492},{"text":"the","start":3052.492,"end":3052.577},{"text":"past","start":3052.577,"end":3052.947},{"text":"three","start":3052.981,"end":3053.25},{"text":"decades.","start":3053.25,"end":3053.805}]},{"text":"More progress— much progress has been made.","start":3054.097,"end":3057.114,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"More","start":3054.097,"end":3054.226},{"text":"progress—","start":3054.274,"end":3054.855},{"text":"much","start":3055.824,"end":3055.969},{"text":"progress","start":3056.033,"end":3056.437},{"text":"has","start":3056.437,"end":3056.582},{"text":"been","start":3056.614,"end":3056.776},{"text":"made.","start":3056.776,"end":3057.114}]},{"text":"Awareness of the importance of addressing conflict finance through natural resources issues has grown significantly, and widespread agreement to break the link between conflict and natural resources has been established.","start":3057.97,"end":3070.543,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Awareness","start":3057.97,"end":3058.421},{"text":"of","start":3058.631,"end":3058.76},{"text":"the","start":3058.792,"end":3058.841},{"text":"importance","start":3058.841,"end":3059.454},{"text":"of","start":3059.454,"end":3059.535},{"text":"addressing","start":3059.535,"end":3059.97},{"text":"conflict","start":3060.003,"end":3060.487},{"text":"finance","start":3060.487,"end":3061.051},{"text":"through","start":3061.051,"end":3061.213},{"text":"natural","start":3061.213,"end":3061.519},{"text":"resources","start":3061.536,"end":3062.149},{"text":"issues","start":3062.568,"end":3062.955},{"text":"has","start":3063.375,"end":3063.44},{"text":"grown","start":3063.472,"end":3063.683},{"text":"significantly,","start":3063.731,"end":3064.575},{"text":"and","start":3065.321,"end":3065.499},{"text":"widespread","start":3065.499,"end":3066.05},{"text":"agreement","start":3066.05,"end":3066.634},{"text":"to","start":3066.634,"end":3066.764},{"text":"break","start":3066.796,"end":3067.056},{"text":"the","start":3067.105,"end":3067.202},{"text":"link","start":3067.202,"end":3067.51},{"text":"between","start":3067.51,"end":3067.737},{"text":"conflict","start":3067.77,"end":3068.353},{"text":"and","start":3068.353,"end":3068.402},{"text":"natural","start":3068.402,"end":3068.759},{"text":"resources","start":3068.759,"end":3069.359},{"text":"has","start":3069.537,"end":3069.683},{"text":"been","start":3069.797,"end":3069.943},{"text":"established.","start":3069.943,"end":3070.543}]},{"text":"The UN Security Council has, of course, played a crucial role, with dedicated experts monitoring and documenting conflict finance linked to natural resources, within the framework of sanction regimes.","start":3072.012,"end":3083.273,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3072.012,"end":3072.158},{"text":"UN","start":3072.158,"end":3072.304},{"text":"Security","start":3072.336,"end":3072.823},{"text":"Council","start":3072.823,"end":3073.342},{"text":"has,","start":3073.374,"end":3073.52},{"text":"of","start":3073.569,"end":3073.682},{"text":"course,","start":3073.699,"end":3073.942},{"text":"played","start":3073.958,"end":3074.282},{"text":"a","start":3074.282,"end":3074.299},{"text":"crucial","start":3074.299,"end":3074.753},{"text":"role,","start":3074.753,"end":3075.142},{"text":"with","start":3075.32,"end":3075.466},{"text":"dedicated","start":3075.483,"end":3076.002},{"text":"experts","start":3076.002,"end":3076.537},{"text":"monitoring","start":3076.537,"end":3077.072},{"text":"and","start":3077.283,"end":3077.348},{"text":"documenting","start":3077.461,"end":3078.142},{"text":"conflict","start":3078.824,"end":3079.229},{"text":"finance","start":3079.229,"end":3079.797},{"text":"linked","start":3079.797,"end":3080.024},{"text":"to","start":3080.024,"end":3080.105},{"text":"natural","start":3080.105,"end":3080.445},{"text":"resources,","start":3080.445,"end":3080.818},{"text":"within","start":3081.252,"end":3081.565},{"text":"the","start":3081.565,"end":3081.647},{"text":"framework","start":3081.647,"end":3082.238},{"text":"of","start":3082.238,"end":3082.337},{"text":"sanction","start":3082.337,"end":3082.764},{"text":"regimes.","start":3082.797,"end":3083.273}]},{"text":"Companies are now more aware of the risks associated with sourcing from conflict— sourcing conflict minerals.","start":3084.7,"end":3090.818,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Companies","start":3084.7,"end":3085.022},{"text":"are","start":3085.038,"end":3085.134},{"text":"now","start":3085.134,"end":3085.199},{"text":"more","start":3085.199,"end":3085.328},{"text":"aware","start":3085.376,"end":3085.714},{"text":"of","start":3085.778,"end":3085.875},{"text":"the","start":3085.875,"end":3086.02},{"text":"risks","start":3086.02,"end":3086.503},{"text":"associated","start":3086.503,"end":3087.356},{"text":"with","start":3087.63,"end":3087.791},{"text":"sourcing","start":3087.791,"end":3088.323},{"text":"from","start":3088.419,"end":3088.596},{"text":"conflict—","start":3088.596,"end":3089.16},{"text":"sourcing","start":3089.788,"end":3090.078},{"text":"conflict","start":3090.11,"end":3090.48},{"text":"minerals.","start":3090.513,"end":3090.818}]},{"text":"Due diligence requirements are increasingly expected along the entire supply chain, and the OECD due diligence guidance provides a broadly accepted blueprint for companies for responsible mineral sourcing from conflict-affected and high-risk areas.","start":3092.139,"end":3106.398,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Due","start":3092.139,"end":3092.3},{"text":"diligence","start":3092.3,"end":3092.702},{"text":"requirements","start":3092.702,"end":3093.363},{"text":"are","start":3093.572,"end":3093.604},{"text":"increasingly","start":3093.604,"end":3094.152},{"text":"expected","start":3094.152,"end":3094.717},{"text":"along","start":3094.717,"end":3094.846},{"text":"the","start":3094.943,"end":3095.104},{"text":"entire","start":3095.104,"end":3095.443},{"text":"supply","start":3095.443,"end":3095.847},{"text":"chain,","start":3095.847,"end":3096.218},{"text":"and","start":3097.057,"end":3097.122},{"text":"the","start":3097.461,"end":3097.542},{"text":"OECD","start":3097.606,"end":3098.187},{"text":"due","start":3098.187,"end":3098.332},{"text":"diligence","start":3098.332,"end":3098.752},{"text":"guidance","start":3098.752,"end":3099.204},{"text":"provides","start":3099.317,"end":3099.737},{"text":"a","start":3099.737,"end":3099.753},{"text":"broadly","start":3099.801,"end":3100.205},{"text":"accepted","start":3100.205,"end":3100.657},{"text":"blueprint","start":3100.689,"end":3101.319},{"text":"for","start":3101.319,"end":3101.496},{"text":"companies","start":3101.496,"end":3102.029},{"text":"for","start":3102.61,"end":3102.739},{"text":"responsible","start":3102.739,"end":3103.272},{"text":"mineral","start":3103.272,"end":3103.515},{"text":"sourcing","start":3103.515,"end":3104.049},{"text":"from","start":3104.26,"end":3104.487},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":3104.487,"end":3105.474},{"text":"and","start":3105.474,"end":3105.572},{"text":"high-risk","start":3105.604,"end":3106.106},{"text":"areas.","start":3106.106,"end":3106.398}]},{"text":"Some states have incorporated these principles into legislation, and various certification, traceability, and auditing systems have been established.","start":3107.567,"end":3116.719,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":3107.567,"end":3107.743},{"text":"states","start":3107.743,"end":3108.224},{"text":"have","start":3108.224,"end":3108.336},{"text":"incorporated","start":3108.384,"end":3109.09},{"text":"these","start":3109.09,"end":3109.234},{"text":"principles","start":3109.49,"end":3110.035},{"text":"into","start":3110.132,"end":3110.34},{"text":"legislation,","start":3110.452,"end":3111.189},{"text":"and","start":3112.231,"end":3112.295},{"text":"various","start":3112.376,"end":3112.712},{"text":"certification,","start":3112.712,"end":3113.498},{"text":"traceability,","start":3113.818,"end":3114.523},{"text":"and","start":3114.716,"end":3114.78},{"text":"auditing","start":3114.876,"end":3115.277},{"text":"systems","start":3115.277,"end":3115.774},{"text":"have","start":3115.822,"end":3115.966},{"text":"been","start":3115.998,"end":3116.094},{"text":"established.","start":3116.094,"end":3116.719}]},{"text":"Yet despite these advancements, the core challenge remains: natural resources continue to be a major driver of conflict.","start":3118.066,"end":3126.657,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":3118.066,"end":3118.354},{"text":"despite","start":3118.883,"end":3119.284},{"text":"these","start":3119.284,"end":3119.412},{"text":"advancements,","start":3119.444,"end":3120.101},{"text":"the","start":3120.406,"end":3120.55},{"text":"core","start":3120.55,"end":3120.726},{"text":"challenge","start":3120.726,"end":3121.143},{"text":"remains:","start":3121.191,"end":3121.656},{"text":"natural","start":3122.153,"end":3122.474},{"text":"resources","start":3122.474,"end":3123.099},{"text":"continue","start":3123.371,"end":3123.916},{"text":"to","start":3123.916,"end":3124.028},{"text":"be","start":3124.092,"end":3124.189},{"text":"a","start":3124.253,"end":3124.269},{"text":"major","start":3124.269,"end":3124.589},{"text":"driver","start":3124.589,"end":3125.118},{"text":"of","start":3125.791,"end":3125.904},{"text":"conflict.","start":3125.936,"end":3126.657}]},{"text":"Our most recent research reveals that many individuals and companies currently involved in trading conflict minerals in the African Great Lakes region have a long history of involvement.","start":3127.955,"end":3139.252,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3127.955,"end":3128.035},{"text":"most","start":3128.035,"end":3128.324},{"text":"recent","start":3128.324,"end":3128.741},{"text":"research","start":3128.741,"end":3129.398},{"text":"reveals","start":3129.478,"end":3129.879},{"text":"that","start":3129.943,"end":3130.119},{"text":"many","start":3130.119,"end":3130.344},{"text":"individuals","start":3130.344,"end":3130.953},{"text":"and","start":3131.049,"end":3131.145},{"text":"companies","start":3131.145,"end":3131.674},{"text":"currently","start":3132.267,"end":3132.716},{"text":"involved","start":3132.908,"end":3133.389},{"text":"in","start":3133.389,"end":3133.469},{"text":"trading","start":3133.469,"end":3133.918},{"text":"conflict","start":3133.934,"end":3134.351},{"text":"minerals","start":3134.351,"end":3134.687},{"text":"in","start":3135.316,"end":3135.364},{"text":"the","start":3135.461,"end":3135.542},{"text":"African","start":3135.542,"end":3135.88},{"text":"Great","start":3135.945,"end":3136.268},{"text":"Lakes","start":3136.268,"end":3136.477},{"text":"region","start":3136.59,"end":3136.897},{"text":"have","start":3137.478,"end":3137.655},{"text":"a","start":3137.655,"end":3137.72},{"text":"long","start":3137.72,"end":3137.865},{"text":"history","start":3137.881,"end":3138.268},{"text":"of","start":3138.381,"end":3138.478},{"text":"involvement.","start":3138.478,"end":3139.252}]},{"text":"Some have previously been investigated by the UN Group of Experts and been linked to conflict finance, sometimes more than a decade ago.","start":3140.253,"end":3148.44,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":3140.253,"end":3140.478},{"text":"have","start":3140.478,"end":3140.624},{"text":"previously","start":3140.64,"end":3141.092},{"text":"been","start":3141.124,"end":3141.237},{"text":"investigated","start":3141.269,"end":3142.011},{"text":"by","start":3142.011,"end":3142.172},{"text":"the","start":3142.172,"end":3142.318},{"text":"UN","start":3142.318,"end":3142.511},{"text":"Group","start":3142.576,"end":3142.818},{"text":"of","start":3142.818,"end":3142.915},{"text":"Experts","start":3142.915,"end":3143.576},{"text":"and","start":3143.947,"end":3144.028},{"text":"been","start":3144.028,"end":3144.173},{"text":"linked","start":3144.254,"end":3144.512},{"text":"to","start":3144.512,"end":3144.64},{"text":"conflict","start":3144.657,"end":3145.027},{"text":"finance,","start":3145.075,"end":3145.59},{"text":"sometimes","start":3146.138,"end":3146.733},{"text":"more","start":3147.409,"end":3147.522},{"text":"than","start":3147.554,"end":3147.635},{"text":"a","start":3147.667,"end":3147.731},{"text":"decade","start":3147.731,"end":3148.15},{"text":"ago.","start":3148.15,"end":3148.44}]},{"text":"Effective sanctions based on previous findings could have prevented some of the current harm.","start":3149.583,"end":3153.945,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Effective","start":3149.583,"end":3149.969},{"text":"sanctions","start":3149.969,"end":3150.516},{"text":"based","start":3150.629,"end":3150.951},{"text":"on","start":3150.951,"end":3150.999},{"text":"previous","start":3151.032,"end":3151.45},{"text":"findings","start":3151.579,"end":3152.046},{"text":"could","start":3152.142,"end":3152.239},{"text":"have","start":3152.239,"end":3152.368},{"text":"prevented","start":3152.4,"end":3152.899},{"text":"some","start":3152.899,"end":3153.06},{"text":"of","start":3153.06,"end":3153.173},{"text":"the","start":3153.205,"end":3153.285},{"text":"current","start":3153.285,"end":3153.672},{"text":"harm.","start":3153.672,"end":3153.945}]},{"text":"A more steady renewal of the mandates of UN Group of Experts would ensure continuity and more effective sanctions monitoring.","start":3156.032,"end":3163.021,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":3156.032,"end":3156.048},{"text":"more","start":3156.048,"end":3156.209},{"text":"steady","start":3156.209,"end":3156.644},{"text":"renewal","start":3156.676,"end":3157.369},{"text":"of","start":3157.417,"end":3157.53},{"text":"the","start":3157.562,"end":3157.626},{"text":"mandates","start":3157.626,"end":3158.158},{"text":"of","start":3158.367,"end":3158.512},{"text":"UN","start":3158.512,"end":3158.738},{"text":"Group","start":3158.754,"end":3159.092},{"text":"of","start":3159.092,"end":3159.189},{"text":"Experts","start":3159.189,"end":3159.688},{"text":"would","start":3159.962,"end":3160.059},{"text":"ensure","start":3160.059,"end":3160.333},{"text":"continuity","start":3160.445,"end":3161.186},{"text":"and","start":3161.186,"end":3161.396},{"text":"more","start":3161.428,"end":3161.541},{"text":"effective","start":3161.589,"end":3163.812},{"text":"sanctions","start":3162.028,"end":3162.54},{"text":"monitoring.","start":3162.572,"end":3163.021}]},{"text":"UN sanctions regimes treat natural resources in different ways.","start":3164.479,"end":3168.356,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"UN","start":3164.479,"end":3164.639},{"text":"sanctions","start":3164.639,"end":3165.184},{"text":"regimes","start":3165.52,"end":3165.985},{"text":"treat","start":3166.482,"end":3166.754},{"text":"natural","start":3166.754,"end":3167.058},{"text":"resources","start":3167.058,"end":3167.603},{"text":"in","start":3167.603,"end":3167.651},{"text":"different","start":3167.699,"end":3168.084},{"text":"ways.","start":3168.084,"end":3168.356}]},{"text":"Some call for supply chain traceability, others don't.","start":3169.077,"end":3172.33,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":3169.077,"end":3169.366},{"text":"call","start":3169.446,"end":3169.574},{"text":"for","start":3169.766,"end":3169.974},{"text":"supply","start":3170.022,"end":3170.375},{"text":"chain","start":3170.407,"end":3170.647},{"text":"traceability,","start":3170.647,"end":3171.352},{"text":"others","start":3171.625,"end":3171.801},{"text":"don't.","start":3171.865,"end":3172.33}]},{"text":"Some use the OECD guidance as a reference, others don't.","start":3172.922,"end":3176.271,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":3172.922,"end":3173.115},{"text":"use","start":3173.211,"end":3173.435},{"text":"the","start":3173.467,"end":3173.611},{"text":"OECD","start":3173.611,"end":3174.028},{"text":"guidance","start":3174.028,"end":3174.509},{"text":"as","start":3174.509,"end":3174.605},{"text":"a","start":3174.605,"end":3174.653},{"text":"reference,","start":3174.653,"end":3175.31},{"text":"others","start":3175.63,"end":3175.758},{"text":"don't.","start":3175.87,"end":3176.271}]},{"text":"I think the UN Security Council may want to work towards a more coherent approach to natural resources.","start":3177.569,"end":3184.49,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3177.569,"end":3177.585},{"text":"think","start":3177.937,"end":3178.162},{"text":"the","start":3178.194,"end":3178.338},{"text":"UN","start":3178.338,"end":3178.482},{"text":"Security","start":3178.578,"end":3179.075},{"text":"Council","start":3179.075,"end":3179.62},{"text":"may","start":3180.821,"end":3180.901},{"text":"want","start":3180.901,"end":3181.061},{"text":"to","start":3181.061,"end":3181.158},{"text":"work","start":3181.222,"end":3181.558},{"text":"towards","start":3181.558,"end":3181.927},{"text":"a","start":3181.959,"end":3181.975},{"text":"more","start":3181.975,"end":3182.151},{"text":"coherent","start":3182.199,"end":3182.84},{"text":"approach","start":3182.84,"end":3183.369},{"text":"to","start":3183.545,"end":3183.641},{"text":"natural","start":3183.641,"end":3183.945},{"text":"resources.","start":3183.945,"end":3184.49}]},{"text":"Furthermore, peacekeeping missions' mandates on natural resources could be strengthened and the coordination, cooperation with the expert groups could be improved.","start":3185.948,"end":3195.649,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":3185.948,"end":3186.397},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":3187.406,"end":3187.919},{"text":"missions'","start":3187.967,"end":3188.415},{"text":"mandates","start":3188.544,"end":3189.249},{"text":"on","start":3189.249,"end":3189.329},{"text":"natural","start":3189.329,"end":3189.601},{"text":"resources","start":3189.601,"end":3190.146},{"text":"could","start":3190.274,"end":3190.434},{"text":"be","start":3190.434,"end":3190.514},{"text":"strengthened","start":3190.514,"end":3191.187},{"text":"and","start":3191.477,"end":3191.542},{"text":"the","start":3191.558,"end":3191.655},{"text":"coordination,","start":3191.655,"end":3192.402},{"text":"cooperation","start":3192.451,"end":3193.149},{"text":"with","start":3193.425,"end":3193.603},{"text":"the","start":3193.603,"end":3193.668},{"text":"expert","start":3193.668,"end":3194.237},{"text":"groups","start":3194.237,"end":3194.61},{"text":"could","start":3194.821,"end":3194.935},{"text":"be","start":3194.983,"end":3195.129},{"text":"improved.","start":3195.129,"end":3195.649}]},{"text":"Our research also indicates that conflict-affected minerals from the same region often enter due diligence systems designed to ensure traceability and then enter the global market.","start":3197.848,"end":3209.833,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3197.848,"end":3197.912},{"text":"research","start":3197.912,"end":3198.523},{"text":"also","start":3198.941,"end":3199.15},{"text":"indicates","start":3199.182,"end":3199.761},{"text":"that","start":3199.761,"end":3199.921},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":3199.921,"end":3200.805},{"text":"minerals","start":3200.805,"end":3201.175},{"text":"from","start":3201.432,"end":3201.593},{"text":"the","start":3201.593,"end":3201.625},{"text":"same","start":3201.625,"end":3201.931},{"text":"region","start":3201.947,"end":3202.461},{"text":"often","start":3203.522,"end":3203.731},{"text":"enter","start":3203.763,"end":3204.197},{"text":"due","start":3204.245,"end":3204.342},{"text":"diligence","start":3204.342,"end":3204.744},{"text":"systems","start":3204.744,"end":3205.226},{"text":"designed","start":3205.869,"end":3206.271},{"text":"to","start":3206.271,"end":3206.4},{"text":"ensure","start":3206.4,"end":3206.594},{"text":"traceability","start":3206.594,"end":3207.452},{"text":"and","start":3208.295,"end":3208.359},{"text":"then","start":3208.44,"end":3208.505},{"text":"enter","start":3208.602,"end":3208.861},{"text":"the","start":3208.861,"end":3208.942},{"text":"global","start":3208.942,"end":3209.25},{"text":"market.","start":3209.25,"end":3209.833}]},{"text":"In key situations, audits of processors' due diligence have failed to detect smuggled minerals in the supply chains.","start":3210.886,"end":3218.532,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3210.886,"end":3210.967},{"text":"key","start":3210.967,"end":3211.21},{"text":"situations,","start":3211.21,"end":3212.069},{"text":"audits","start":3212.94,"end":3213.314},{"text":"of","start":3214.275,"end":3214.406},{"text":"processors'","start":3214.438,"end":3215.057},{"text":"due","start":3215.09,"end":3215.253},{"text":"diligence","start":3215.253,"end":3215.725},{"text":"have","start":3215.725,"end":3215.823},{"text":"failed","start":3215.823,"end":3216.214},{"text":"to","start":3216.214,"end":3216.312},{"text":"detect","start":3216.312,"end":3216.719},{"text":"smuggled","start":3216.719,"end":3217.061},{"text":"minerals","start":3217.061,"end":3217.42},{"text":"in","start":3217.556,"end":3217.606},{"text":"the","start":3217.639,"end":3217.721},{"text":"supply","start":3217.721,"end":3218.135},{"text":"chains.","start":3218.135,"end":3218.532}]},{"text":"Many of these systems are industry-led schemes, initiatives set up by industry associations representing traders and processors of minerals.","start":3220.36,"end":3228.829,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":3220.36,"end":3220.456},{"text":"of","start":3220.456,"end":3220.537},{"text":"these","start":3220.537,"end":3220.634},{"text":"systems","start":3220.634,"end":3221.166},{"text":"are","start":3221.279,"end":3221.376},{"text":"industry-led","start":3221.908,"end":3222.538},{"text":"schemes,","start":3222.65,"end":3223.102},{"text":"initiatives","start":3223.457,"end":3224.022},{"text":"set","start":3224.022,"end":3224.248},{"text":"up","start":3224.248,"end":3224.361},{"text":"by","start":3224.425,"end":3224.619},{"text":"industry","start":3224.748,"end":3225.087},{"text":"associations","start":3225.087,"end":3225.845},{"text":"representing","start":3226.361,"end":3226.974},{"text":"traders","start":3227.006,"end":3227.458},{"text":"and","start":3227.49,"end":3227.636},{"text":"processors","start":3227.636,"end":3228.265},{"text":"of","start":3228.378,"end":3228.458},{"text":"minerals.","start":3228.523,"end":3228.829}]},{"text":"At the same time, they trade with minerals and are supposed to scrutinize them, creating a clear conflict of interest.","start":3229.12,"end":3235.795,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":3229.12,"end":3229.91},{"text":"the","start":3229.91,"end":3229.975},{"text":"same","start":3230.04,"end":3230.136},{"text":"time,","start":3230.152,"end":3230.65},{"text":"they","start":3230.779,"end":3230.843},{"text":"trade","start":3230.875,"end":3231.197},{"text":"with","start":3231.197,"end":3231.358},{"text":"minerals","start":3231.358,"end":3231.727},{"text":"and","start":3231.84,"end":3231.904},{"text":"are","start":3232.001,"end":3232.033},{"text":"supposed","start":3232.033,"end":3232.451},{"text":"to","start":3232.483,"end":3232.579},{"text":"scrutinize","start":3232.579,"end":3233.174},{"text":"them,","start":3233.271,"end":3233.496},{"text":"creating","start":3233.833,"end":3234.251},{"text":"a","start":3234.251,"end":3234.267},{"text":"clear","start":3234.316,"end":3234.525},{"text":"conflict","start":3234.573,"end":3235.055},{"text":"of","start":3235.055,"end":3235.2},{"text":"interest.","start":3235.2,"end":3235.795}]},{"text":"To address this conflict of interest, such systems should be managed or overseen by an independent organization.","start":3236.807,"end":3243.414,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":3236.807,"end":3236.839},{"text":"address","start":3236.839,"end":3237.209},{"text":"this","start":3237.209,"end":3237.322},{"text":"conflict","start":3237.37,"end":3237.884},{"text":"of","start":3237.884,"end":3238.013},{"text":"interest,","start":3238.013,"end":3238.527},{"text":"such","start":3239.352,"end":3239.45},{"text":"systems","start":3239.499,"end":3239.89},{"text":"should","start":3240.233,"end":3240.413},{"text":"be","start":3240.413,"end":3240.51},{"text":"managed","start":3240.51,"end":3241.13},{"text":"or","start":3241.147,"end":3241.293},{"text":"overseen","start":3241.293,"end":3241.832},{"text":"by","start":3241.881,"end":3242.044},{"text":"an","start":3242.044,"end":3242.093},{"text":"independent","start":3242.125,"end":3242.86},{"text":"organization.","start":3242.86,"end":3243.414}]},{"text":"This could be a UN entity, could also be a multi-stakeholder governance body comprising governments, civil society, and the private sector.","start":3244.448,"end":3252.589,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3244.448,"end":3244.544},{"text":"could","start":3244.544,"end":3244.705},{"text":"be","start":3244.769,"end":3244.93},{"text":"a","start":3244.93,"end":3244.946},{"text":"UN","start":3245.01,"end":3245.219},{"text":"entity,","start":3245.331,"end":3245.764},{"text":"could","start":3246.937,"end":3247.033},{"text":"also","start":3247.097,"end":3247.29},{"text":"be","start":3247.354,"end":3247.579},{"text":"a","start":3247.579,"end":3247.595},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":3247.772,"end":3248.639},{"text":"governance","start":3248.703,"end":3249.056},{"text":"body","start":3249.12,"end":3249.409},{"text":"comprising","start":3249.586,"end":3250.052},{"text":"governments,","start":3250.084,"end":3250.581},{"text":"civil","start":3250.742,"end":3250.951},{"text":"society,","start":3250.967,"end":3251.577},{"text":"and","start":3251.673,"end":3251.754},{"text":"the","start":3251.754,"end":3251.802},{"text":"private","start":3251.85,"end":3252.155},{"text":"sector.","start":3252.155,"end":3252.589}]},{"text":"The Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance, IRMA, which provides a standard for environmentally and socially responsible mining, exemplifies such an inclusive governance model that gives affected communities an equal voice.","start":3252.813,"end":3266.975,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3252.813,"end":3254.018},{"text":"Initiative","start":3254.018,"end":3254.515},{"text":"for","start":3254.515,"end":3254.853},{"text":"Responsible","start":3254.869,"end":3255.398},{"text":"Mining","start":3255.398,"end":3256.233},{"text":"Assurance,","start":3256.346,"end":3256.811},{"text":"IRMA,","start":3256.892,"end":3257.309},{"text":"which","start":3257.389,"end":3257.614},{"text":"provides","start":3257.614,"end":3258},{"text":"a","start":3258.032,"end":3258.048},{"text":"standard","start":3258.096,"end":3258.594},{"text":"for","start":3258.594,"end":3258.867},{"text":"environmentally","start":3258.899,"end":3259.621},{"text":"and","start":3259.862,"end":3259.926},{"text":"socially","start":3259.959,"end":3260.408},{"text":"responsible","start":3260.504,"end":3261.05},{"text":"mining,","start":3261.082,"end":3261.436},{"text":"exemplifies","start":3261.982,"end":3262.817},{"text":"such","start":3262.849,"end":3263.057},{"text":"an","start":3263.09,"end":3263.138},{"text":"inclusive","start":3263.234,"end":3263.78},{"text":"governance","start":3263.812,"end":3264.197},{"text":"model","start":3264.197,"end":3264.438},{"text":"that","start":3264.519,"end":3264.631},{"text":"gives","start":3264.695,"end":3264.984},{"text":"affected","start":3265.032,"end":3265.418},{"text":"communities","start":3265.418,"end":3266.108},{"text":"an","start":3266.301,"end":3266.333},{"text":"equal","start":3266.445,"end":3266.702},{"text":"voice.","start":3266.702,"end":3266.975}]},{"text":"It is also deeply unfair that the financial burden of some traceability schemes falls on artisanal miners, the poorest and most vulnerable in the supply chain.","start":3269.448,"end":3278.418,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3269.448,"end":3269.642},{"text":"is","start":3269.69,"end":3269.835},{"text":"also","start":3269.835,"end":3270.076},{"text":"deeply","start":3270.076,"end":3270.318},{"text":"unfair","start":3270.318,"end":3270.672},{"text":"that","start":3270.785,"end":3270.946},{"text":"the","start":3270.946,"end":3271.026},{"text":"financial","start":3271.026,"end":3271.445},{"text":"burden","start":3271.445,"end":3271.783},{"text":"of","start":3271.783,"end":3271.864},{"text":"some","start":3271.864,"end":3272.041},{"text":"traceability","start":3273.442,"end":3273.957},{"text":"schemes","start":3273.957,"end":3274.312},{"text":"falls","start":3274.408,"end":3274.714},{"text":"on","start":3274.811,"end":3274.875},{"text":"artisanal","start":3275.052,"end":3275.455},{"text":"miners,","start":3275.455,"end":3275.922},{"text":"the","start":3276.196,"end":3276.276},{"text":"poorest","start":3276.276,"end":3276.63},{"text":"and","start":3276.679,"end":3276.759},{"text":"most","start":3276.759,"end":3277.017},{"text":"vulnerable","start":3277.065,"end":3277.5},{"text":"in","start":3277.548,"end":3277.645},{"text":"the","start":3277.645,"end":3277.726},{"text":"supply","start":3277.726,"end":3278.128},{"text":"chain.","start":3278.193,"end":3278.418}]},{"text":"Going forward, more equitable financial mechanisms should be developed to support these communities and ensure fairness.","start":3279,"end":3285.971,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Going","start":3279,"end":3279.081},{"text":"forward,","start":3279.113,"end":3279.68},{"text":"more","start":3279.762,"end":3280.037},{"text":"equitable","start":3280.07,"end":3280.572},{"text":"financial","start":3280.572,"end":3281.286},{"text":"mechanisms","start":3281.286,"end":3281.837},{"text":"should","start":3282.031,"end":3282.258},{"text":"be","start":3282.258,"end":3282.356},{"text":"developed","start":3282.356,"end":3282.923},{"text":"to","start":3283.409,"end":3283.539},{"text":"support","start":3283.555,"end":3284.155},{"text":"these","start":3284.236,"end":3284.431},{"text":"communities","start":3284.447,"end":3284.885},{"text":"and","start":3284.95,"end":3285.128},{"text":"ensure","start":3285.274,"end":3285.598},{"text":"fairness.","start":3285.598,"end":3285.971}]},{"text":"The OECD due diligence guidance clearly states that companies should cease sourcing from suppliers if there are credible risks of conflict involvement.","start":3288.38,"end":3297.067,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3288.38,"end":3288.412},{"text":"OECD","start":3288.477,"end":3288.962},{"text":"due","start":3288.962,"end":3289.059},{"text":"diligence","start":3289.059,"end":3289.464},{"text":"guidance","start":3289.464,"end":3289.884},{"text":"clearly","start":3290.58,"end":3290.904},{"text":"states","start":3290.904,"end":3291.389},{"text":"that","start":3291.389,"end":3291.632},{"text":"companies","start":3291.632,"end":3292.101},{"text":"should","start":3292.198,"end":3292.506},{"text":"cease","start":3292.635,"end":3292.943},{"text":"sourcing","start":3292.943,"end":3293.477},{"text":"from","start":3293.574,"end":3293.72},{"text":"suppliers","start":3293.752,"end":3294.286},{"text":"if","start":3294.399,"end":3294.561},{"text":"there","start":3294.561,"end":3294.707},{"text":"are","start":3294.707,"end":3294.788},{"text":"credible","start":3294.788,"end":3295.16},{"text":"risks","start":3295.208,"end":3297.36},{"text":"of","start":3295.606,"end":3295.654},{"text":"conflict","start":3295.766,"end":3296.296},{"text":"involvement.","start":3296.425,"end":3297.067}]},{"text":"Unfortunately, enforcement of these principles remains inconsistent.","start":3298.512,"end":3302.526,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":3298.512,"end":3299.122},{"text":"enforcement","start":3299.235,"end":3299.877},{"text":"of","start":3299.877,"end":3300.021},{"text":"these","start":3300.021,"end":3300.166},{"text":"principles","start":3300.182,"end":3300.808},{"text":"remains","start":3301.161,"end":3301.531},{"text":"inconsistent.","start":3301.643,"end":3302.526}]},{"text":"Only few countries have enacted legislation that implements these standards, resulting in unequal competitive conditions.","start":3303.811,"end":3310.121,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Only","start":3303.811,"end":3303.955},{"text":"few","start":3303.971,"end":3304.212},{"text":"countries","start":3304.212,"end":3304.758},{"text":"have","start":3304.758,"end":3304.935},{"text":"enacted","start":3304.935,"end":3305.336},{"text":"legislation","start":3305.336,"end":3306.027},{"text":"that","start":3306.059,"end":3306.219},{"text":"implements","start":3306.219,"end":3306.653},{"text":"these","start":3306.765,"end":3306.845},{"text":"standards,","start":3306.845,"end":3307.391},{"text":"resulting","start":3307.664,"end":3308.098},{"text":"in","start":3308.146,"end":3308.194},{"text":"unequal","start":3308.387,"end":3308.869},{"text":"competitive","start":3308.869,"end":3309.559},{"text":"conditions.","start":3309.575,"end":3310.121}]},{"text":"Where regulatory frameworks are in place, their scope often covers only specific countries of mineral origin, focuses on certain minerals, or focuses on particular segments of the supply chain.","start":3311.422,"end":3324.911,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":3311.422,"end":3311.55},{"text":"regulatory","start":3311.614,"end":3312.16},{"text":"frameworks","start":3312.16,"end":3312.802},{"text":"are","start":3312.802,"end":3312.883},{"text":"in","start":3312.883,"end":3312.963},{"text":"place,","start":3312.963,"end":3313.461},{"text":"their","start":3313.686,"end":3313.83},{"text":"scope","start":3313.846,"end":3314.312},{"text":"often","start":3314.729,"end":3314.97},{"text":"covers","start":3315.034,"end":3315.291},{"text":"only","start":3315.355,"end":3315.468},{"text":"specific","start":3315.468,"end":3315.998},{"text":"countries","start":3315.998,"end":3316.463},{"text":"of","start":3316.801,"end":3316.897},{"text":"mineral","start":3316.897,"end":3317.395},{"text":"origin,","start":3317.539,"end":3317.989},{"text":"focuses","start":3318.567,"end":3319.032},{"text":"on","start":3319.065,"end":3319.113},{"text":"certain","start":3319.161,"end":3319.61},{"text":"minerals,","start":3319.61,"end":3319.916},{"text":"or","start":3321.234,"end":3321.299},{"text":"focuses","start":3321.299,"end":3321.769},{"text":"on","start":3321.947,"end":3322.044},{"text":"particular","start":3322.044,"end":3322.53},{"text":"segments","start":3322.53,"end":3323.68},{"text":"of","start":3324.134,"end":3324.199},{"text":"the","start":3324.231,"end":3324.312},{"text":"supply","start":3324.312,"end":3324.717},{"text":"chain.","start":3324.717,"end":3324.911}]},{"text":"This limited coverage creates opportunities for circumvention, and punitive measures are frequently lacking.","start":3326.272,"end":3333.238,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3326.272,"end":3326.418},{"text":"limited","start":3326.483,"end":3327.244},{"text":"coverage","start":3327.455,"end":3327.843},{"text":"creates","start":3328.022,"end":3328.427},{"text":"opportunities","start":3328.427,"end":3329.14},{"text":"for","start":3329.402,"end":3329.533},{"text":"circumvention,","start":3329.566,"end":3330.353},{"text":"and","start":3331.303,"end":3331.369},{"text":"punitive","start":3331.385,"end":3331.844},{"text":"measures","start":3331.861,"end":3332.172},{"text":"are","start":3332.287,"end":3332.353},{"text":"frequently","start":3332.353,"end":3332.91},{"text":"lacking.","start":3332.926,"end":3333.238}]},{"text":"In the current system dealing with conflict resources, different minerals are treated in different ways.","start":3335.893,"end":3342.127,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3335.893,"end":3335.959},{"text":"the","start":3335.959,"end":3336.056},{"text":"current","start":3336.056,"end":3336.382},{"text":"system","start":3336.382,"end":3336.789},{"text":"dealing","start":3337.277,"end":3337.57},{"text":"with","start":3337.667,"end":3337.814},{"text":"conflict","start":3337.83,"end":3338.253},{"text":"resources,","start":3338.253,"end":3338.79},{"text":"different","start":3339.897,"end":3340.434},{"text":"minerals","start":3340.434,"end":3340.743},{"text":"are","start":3340.792,"end":3340.857},{"text":"treated","start":3340.857,"end":3341.28},{"text":"in","start":3341.28,"end":3341.329},{"text":"different","start":3341.427,"end":3341.736},{"text":"ways.","start":3341.752,"end":3342.127}]},{"text":"Part of the fragmentation can be traced back to the historical development of these efforts, For example, the Kimberley Process was an early solution established specifically to regulate the diamond trade.","start":3343.66,"end":3355.307,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Part","start":3343.66,"end":3343.889},{"text":"of","start":3343.938,"end":3344.036},{"text":"the","start":3344.036,"end":3344.101},{"text":"fragmentation","start":3344.101,"end":3344.838},{"text":"can","start":3344.838,"end":3344.985},{"text":"be","start":3345.002,"end":3345.149},{"text":"traced","start":3345.149,"end":3345.493},{"text":"back","start":3345.493,"end":3345.82},{"text":"to","start":3345.886,"end":3345.984},{"text":"the","start":3345.984,"end":3346.082},{"text":"historical","start":3346.082,"end":3346.672},{"text":"development","start":3346.704,"end":3347.376},{"text":"of","start":3347.376,"end":3347.507},{"text":"these","start":3347.539,"end":3347.768},{"text":"efforts,","start":3347.768,"end":3348.047},{"text":"For","start":3349.029,"end":3349.125},{"text":"example,","start":3349.125,"end":3349.575},{"text":"the","start":3349.591,"end":3349.687},{"text":"Kimberley","start":3349.687,"end":3350.072},{"text":"Process","start":3350.072,"end":3350.666},{"text":"was","start":3351.052,"end":3351.212},{"text":"an","start":3351.212,"end":3351.261},{"text":"early","start":3351.357,"end":3351.55},{"text":"solution","start":3351.55,"end":3352.112},{"text":"established","start":3352.112,"end":3352.609},{"text":"specifically","start":3352.609,"end":3353.348},{"text":"to","start":3353.765,"end":3353.846},{"text":"regulate","start":3353.846,"end":3354.424},{"text":"the","start":3354.424,"end":3354.536},{"text":"diamond","start":3354.584,"end":3354.905},{"text":"trade.","start":3354.905,"end":3355.307}]},{"text":"Stakeholders have learned from this experience that the consensus-based decision-making the Kimberley Process applies can lead to deadlock and that a binary yes or no approach to conflict diamonds may be too simplistic to effectively address the complex challenges involved.","start":3356.11,"end":3373.515,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Stakeholders","start":3356.11,"end":3356.72},{"text":"have","start":3356.736,"end":3356.912},{"text":"learned","start":3356.912,"end":3357.153},{"text":"from","start":3357.153,"end":3357.298},{"text":"this","start":3357.314,"end":3357.474},{"text":"experience","start":3357.474,"end":3358.069},{"text":"that","start":3358.984,"end":3359.16},{"text":"the","start":3359.16,"end":3359.241},{"text":"consensus-based","start":3359.241,"end":3360.284},{"text":"decision-making","start":3360.284,"end":3361.216},{"text":"the","start":3361.794,"end":3361.89},{"text":"Kimberley","start":3361.89,"end":3362.179},{"text":"Process","start":3362.211,"end":3362.58},{"text":"applies","start":3362.693,"end":3363.142},{"text":"can","start":3363.801,"end":3363.881},{"text":"lead","start":3363.897,"end":3364.026},{"text":"to","start":3364.058,"end":3364.218},{"text":"deadlock","start":3364.218,"end":3364.764},{"text":"and","start":3365.182,"end":3365.246},{"text":"that","start":3365.262,"end":3365.406},{"text":"a","start":3365.406,"end":3365.422},{"text":"binary","start":3365.487,"end":3365.888},{"text":"yes","start":3365.904,"end":3366.033},{"text":"or","start":3366.209,"end":3366.241},{"text":"no","start":3366.241,"end":3366.434},{"text":"approach","start":3366.482,"end":3367.028},{"text":"to","start":3367.028,"end":3367.157},{"text":"conflict","start":3367.173,"end":3367.703},{"text":"diamonds","start":3367.703,"end":3368.04},{"text":"may","start":3368.859,"end":3369.019},{"text":"be","start":3369.356,"end":3369.517},{"text":"too","start":3369.517,"end":3369.677},{"text":"simplistic","start":3369.677,"end":3370.336},{"text":"to","start":3370.336,"end":3370.416},{"text":"effectively","start":3370.416,"end":3371.171},{"text":"address","start":3371.187,"end":3371.62},{"text":"the","start":3371.668,"end":3371.749},{"text":"complex","start":3371.749,"end":3372.439},{"text":"challenges","start":3372.568,"end":3373.098},{"text":"involved.","start":3373.21,"end":3373.515}]},{"text":"The OECD due diligence guidance was developed with the shortcomings in mind, with these shortcomings in mind.","start":3375.15,"end":3381.527,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3375.15,"end":3375.231},{"text":"OECD","start":3375.231,"end":3375.798},{"text":"due","start":3375.798,"end":3375.943},{"text":"diligence","start":3375.943,"end":3376.445},{"text":"guidance","start":3376.445,"end":3376.979},{"text":"was","start":3377.254,"end":3377.384},{"text":"developed","start":3377.416,"end":3377.983},{"text":"with","start":3378.144,"end":3378.306},{"text":"the","start":3378.306,"end":3378.452},{"text":"shortcomings","start":3378.452,"end":3379.083},{"text":"in","start":3379.115,"end":3379.213},{"text":"mind,","start":3379.261,"end":3379.617},{"text":"with","start":3380.248,"end":3380.41},{"text":"these","start":3380.41,"end":3380.54},{"text":"shortcomings","start":3380.637,"end":3381.155},{"text":"in","start":3381.203,"end":3381.268},{"text":"mind.","start":3381.3,"end":3381.527}]},{"text":"Although it has been developed in the context of the Congo Wars and with a focus on gold and 3T minerals, it can be a strong reference for a broad and harmonized framework as it applies to all minerals from any origin.","start":3382.352,"end":3395.492,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Although","start":3382.352,"end":3382.628},{"text":"it","start":3382.66,"end":3382.741},{"text":"has","start":3382.741,"end":3382.854},{"text":"been","start":3382.919,"end":3383.081},{"text":"developed","start":3383.081,"end":3383.728},{"text":"in","start":3383.89,"end":3383.939},{"text":"the","start":3383.955,"end":3384.02},{"text":"context","start":3384.02,"end":3384.39},{"text":"of","start":3384.39,"end":3384.503},{"text":"the","start":3384.535,"end":3384.615},{"text":"Congo","start":3384.615,"end":3384.953},{"text":"Wars","start":3385.018,"end":3385.308},{"text":"and","start":3385.501,"end":3385.565},{"text":"with","start":3385.903,"end":3386.064},{"text":"a","start":3386.064,"end":3386.129},{"text":"focus","start":3386.129,"end":3386.644},{"text":"on","start":3386.87,"end":3386.918},{"text":"gold","start":3387.031,"end":3387.369},{"text":"and","start":3387.369,"end":3387.497},{"text":"3T","start":3387.497,"end":3387.932},{"text":"minerals,","start":3387.932,"end":3388.286},{"text":"it","start":3389.043,"end":3389.14},{"text":"can","start":3389.14,"end":3389.269},{"text":"be","start":3389.285,"end":3389.365},{"text":"a","start":3389.365,"end":3389.381},{"text":"strong","start":3389.381,"end":3389.752},{"text":"reference","start":3389.768,"end":3390.219},{"text":"for","start":3390.331,"end":3390.428},{"text":"a","start":3390.428,"end":3390.492},{"text":"broad","start":3390.492,"end":3390.863},{"text":"and","start":3390.895,"end":3390.959},{"text":"harmonized","start":3390.975,"end":3391.587},{"text":"framework","start":3391.603,"end":3392.183},{"text":"as","start":3392.36,"end":3392.489},{"text":"it","start":3392.489,"end":3392.682},{"text":"applies","start":3393.149,"end":3393.455},{"text":"to","start":3393.635,"end":3393.848},{"text":"all","start":3393.947,"end":3394.046},{"text":"minerals","start":3394.046,"end":3394.424},{"text":"from","start":3394.687,"end":3394.835},{"text":"any","start":3394.867,"end":3395.081},{"text":"origin.","start":3395.114,"end":3395.492}]},{"text":"Addressing conflict finance through natural resources is a complex, multi-stakeholder challenge.","start":3398.56,"end":3403.784,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":3398.56,"end":3398.865},{"text":"conflict","start":3398.933,"end":3399.426},{"text":"finance","start":3399.426,"end":3400.259},{"text":"through","start":3400.06,"end":3400.188},{"text":"natural","start":3400.397,"end":3400.702},{"text":"resources","start":3400.798,"end":3401.344},{"text":"is","start":3401.376,"end":3401.456},{"text":"a","start":3401.456,"end":3401.537},{"text":"complex,","start":3401.537,"end":3402.211},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":3402.323,"end":3403.383},{"text":"challenge.","start":3403.383,"end":3403.784}]},{"text":"It involves producer countries, trading hubs, processing centers, consumer markets, and companies along the entire supply chain, from miners to processors and global brands.","start":3404.25,"end":3414.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3404.25,"end":3404.33},{"text":"involves","start":3404.667,"end":3405.036},{"text":"producer","start":3405.069,"end":3405.486},{"text":"countries,","start":3405.55,"end":3406.08},{"text":"trading","start":3406.497,"end":3406.883},{"text":"hubs,","start":3406.899,"end":3407.123},{"text":"processing","start":3407.22,"end":3407.718},{"text":"centers,","start":3407.718,"end":3408.247},{"text":"consumer","start":3409.082,"end":3409.484},{"text":"markets,","start":3409.484,"end":3409.965},{"text":"and","start":3410.045,"end":3410.19},{"text":"companies","start":3410.19,"end":3410.655},{"text":"along","start":3410.688,"end":3410.816},{"text":"the","start":3410.912,"end":3411.121},{"text":"entire","start":3411.169,"end":3411.442},{"text":"supply","start":3411.506,"end":3411.908},{"text":"chain,","start":3411.972,"end":3412.261},{"text":"from","start":3412.759,"end":3412.903},{"text":"miners","start":3412.935,"end":3413.224},{"text":"to","start":3413.256,"end":3413.385},{"text":"processors","start":3413.417,"end":3414.107},{"text":"and","start":3414.139,"end":3414.252},{"text":"global","start":3414.3,"end":3414.605},{"text":"brands.","start":3414.621,"end":3414.91}]},{"text":"Regional organizations such as the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region have played important roles in this context as well.","start":3415.825,"end":3422.616,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Regional","start":3415.825,"end":3416.323},{"text":"organizations","start":3416.371,"end":3417.045},{"text":"such","start":3417.045,"end":3417.238},{"text":"as","start":3417.35,"end":3417.447},{"text":"the","start":3417.511,"end":3417.671},{"text":"International","start":3417.671,"end":3418.265},{"text":"Conference","start":3418.297,"end":3418.731},{"text":"on","start":3418.779,"end":3418.859},{"text":"the","start":3418.859,"end":3418.94},{"text":"Great","start":3418.94,"end":3419.197},{"text":"Lakes","start":3419.197,"end":3419.518},{"text":"Region","start":3419.518,"end":3419.887},{"text":"have","start":3419.983,"end":3420.128},{"text":"played","start":3420.641,"end":3420.866},{"text":"important","start":3420.866,"end":3421.364},{"text":"roles","start":3421.364,"end":3421.653},{"text":"in","start":3421.685,"end":3421.765},{"text":"this","start":3421.765,"end":3421.926},{"text":"context","start":3421.926,"end":3422.391},{"text":"as","start":3422.391,"end":3422.472},{"text":"well.","start":3422.488,"end":3422.616}]},{"text":"But the UN, representing the collective will of nations, uniquely positioned to foster coherence and coordination across the system.","start":3423.756,"end":3430.483,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":3423.756,"end":3423.852},{"text":"the","start":3423.852,"end":3423.933},{"text":"UN,","start":3423.933,"end":3424.206},{"text":"representing","start":3424.334,"end":3424.944},{"text":"the","start":3425.137,"end":3425.217},{"text":"collective","start":3425.217,"end":3425.634},{"text":"will","start":3425.699,"end":3425.795},{"text":"of","start":3425.795,"end":3425.955},{"text":"nations,","start":3425.955,"end":3426.389},{"text":"uniquely","start":3426.647,"end":3427.072},{"text":"positioned","start":3427.072,"end":3427.562},{"text":"to","start":3427.562,"end":3427.692},{"text":"foster","start":3427.708,"end":3428.051},{"text":"coherence","start":3428.051,"end":3428.639},{"text":"and","start":3428.786,"end":3428.933},{"text":"coordination","start":3428.933,"end":3429.618},{"text":"across","start":3429.618,"end":3429.896},{"text":"the","start":3429.994,"end":3430.075},{"text":"system.","start":3430.075,"end":3430.483}]},{"text":"In this context, it is worth highlighting the UN Secretary-General's initiative on critical energy transition minerals, which aims to enhance accountability, transparency, equity, and respect for human rights and the environment.","start":3431.169,"end":3447.31,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3431.169,"end":3431.201},{"text":"this","start":3431.218,"end":3431.381},{"text":"context,","start":3431.381,"end":3431.577},{"text":"it","start":3432.666,"end":3432.698},{"text":"is","start":3432.698,"end":3432.731},{"text":"worth","start":3432.764,"end":3432.976},{"text":"highlighting","start":3433.09,"end":3433.548},{"text":"the","start":3433.58,"end":3433.727},{"text":"UN","start":3433.727,"end":3433.891},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":3433.973,"end":3435.099},{"text":"initiative","start":3436.946,"end":3437.3},{"text":"on","start":3437.526,"end":3437.623},{"text":"critical","start":3437.688,"end":3438.204},{"text":"energy","start":3438.397,"end":3438.671},{"text":"transition","start":3438.736,"end":3439.22},{"text":"minerals,","start":3439.22,"end":3439.51},{"text":"which","start":3440.107,"end":3440.236},{"text":"aims","start":3440.413,"end":3440.559},{"text":"to","start":3440.607,"end":3440.688},{"text":"enhance","start":3440.688,"end":3441.236},{"text":"accountability,","start":3441.236,"end":3441.849},{"text":"transparency,","start":3442.51,"end":3443.077},{"text":"equity,","start":3443.418,"end":3443.888},{"text":"and","start":3444.326,"end":3444.391},{"text":"respect","start":3444.488,"end":3445.056},{"text":"for","start":3445.056,"end":3445.153},{"text":"human","start":3445.153,"end":3445.348},{"text":"rights","start":3445.396,"end":3445.802},{"text":"and","start":3446.272,"end":3446.483},{"text":"the","start":3446.58,"end":3446.662},{"text":"environment.","start":3446.662,"end":3447.31}]},{"text":"Many will know that tomorrow a high-level meeting We'll discuss actionable recommendations, including the development of a global framework for traceability, transparency, and accountability across the entire mineral value chain.","start":3449.829,"end":3465.439,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":3449.829,"end":3450.011},{"text":"will","start":3450.011,"end":3450.193},{"text":"know","start":3450.193,"end":3450.507},{"text":"that","start":3450.507,"end":3450.673},{"text":"tomorrow","start":3450.673,"end":3451.136},{"text":"a","start":3451.17,"end":3451.236},{"text":"high-level","start":3451.236,"end":3451.683},{"text":"meeting","start":3451.732,"end":3452.13},{"text":"We'll","start":3452.553,"end":3453.102},{"text":"discuss","start":3453.102,"end":3453.603},{"text":"actionable","start":3453.684,"end":3454.961},{"text":"recommendations,","start":3455.122,"end":3455.995},{"text":"including","start":3456.351,"end":3456.787},{"text":"the","start":3457.078,"end":3457.159},{"text":"development","start":3457.159,"end":3457.886},{"text":"of","start":3457.983,"end":3458.064},{"text":"a","start":3458.064,"end":3458.128},{"text":"global","start":3458.128,"end":3458.452},{"text":"framework","start":3458.452,"end":3459.179},{"text":"for","start":3459.179,"end":3459.341},{"text":"traceability,","start":3459.341,"end":3460.116},{"text":"transparency,","start":3460.653,"end":3461.142},{"text":"and","start":3461.874,"end":3461.939},{"text":"accountability","start":3462.021,"end":3462.786},{"text":"across","start":3463.339,"end":3463.763},{"text":"the","start":3463.828,"end":3463.974},{"text":"entire","start":3463.974,"end":3464.414},{"text":"mineral","start":3464.707,"end":3464.967},{"text":"value","start":3464.967,"end":3465.211},{"text":"chain.","start":3465.211,"end":3465.439}]},{"text":"The various approaches to improving mineral governance can be mutually reinforcing and contribute to more effective and responsible resource management.","start":3467.372,"end":3475.389,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3467.372,"end":3467.42},{"text":"various","start":3467.42,"end":3467.71},{"text":"approaches","start":3467.71,"end":3468.225},{"text":"to","start":3468.257,"end":3468.386},{"text":"improving","start":3468.386,"end":3468.837},{"text":"mineral","start":3468.885,"end":3469.143},{"text":"governance","start":3469.143,"end":3469.625},{"text":"can","start":3469.786,"end":3469.851},{"text":"be","start":3469.867,"end":3470.028},{"text":"mutually","start":3470.028,"end":3470.511},{"text":"reinforcing","start":3470.511,"end":3471.187},{"text":"and","start":3471.557,"end":3471.622},{"text":"contribute","start":3471.718,"end":3472.427},{"text":"to","start":3472.427,"end":3472.523},{"text":"more","start":3472.523,"end":3472.684},{"text":"effective","start":3472.684,"end":3473.215},{"text":"and","start":3473.57,"end":3473.634},{"text":"responsible","start":3473.65,"end":3474.278},{"text":"resource","start":3474.439,"end":3474.841},{"text":"management.","start":3474.841,"end":3475.389}]},{"text":"It is essential that we learn from past experiences and continuously work towards a comprehensive, coherent, effective, and efficient system dealing with conflict resources.","start":3476.403,"end":3486.714,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3476.403,"end":3476.483},{"text":"is","start":3476.483,"end":3476.612},{"text":"essential","start":3476.612,"end":3477.095},{"text":"that","start":3477.095,"end":3477.194},{"text":"we","start":3477.194,"end":3477.28},{"text":"learn","start":3477.28,"end":3477.503},{"text":"from","start":3477.538,"end":3477.675},{"text":"past","start":3477.71,"end":3478.002},{"text":"experiences","start":3478.037,"end":3478.725},{"text":"and","start":3478.952,"end":3479.017},{"text":"continuously","start":3479.098,"end":3479.727},{"text":"work","start":3479.759,"end":3480.082},{"text":"towards","start":3480.082,"end":3480.534},{"text":"a","start":3481.534,"end":3481.583},{"text":"comprehensive,","start":3481.615,"end":3482.357},{"text":"coherent,","start":3482.567,"end":3483.229},{"text":"effective,","start":3483.374,"end":3483.842},{"text":"and","start":3484.116,"end":3484.278},{"text":"efficient","start":3484.278,"end":3484.681},{"text":"system","start":3484.681,"end":3485.085},{"text":"dealing","start":3485.165,"end":3485.52},{"text":"with","start":3485.569,"end":3485.779},{"text":"conflict","start":3485.795,"end":3486.166},{"text":"resources.","start":3486.198,"end":3486.714}]},{"text":"The goal must be to ensure that natural resources benefit the people and support sustainable development and do not serve as tools for armed actors or illicit economies.","start":3487.712,"end":3497.028,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3487.712,"end":3487.792},{"text":"goal","start":3487.792,"end":3487.969},{"text":"must","start":3487.969,"end":3488.195},{"text":"be","start":3488.195,"end":3488.276},{"text":"to","start":3488.34,"end":3488.437},{"text":"ensure","start":3488.437,"end":3488.775},{"text":"that","start":3489.097,"end":3489.242},{"text":"natural","start":3489.242,"end":3489.564},{"text":"resources","start":3489.564,"end":3490.128},{"text":"benefit","start":3490.209,"end":3490.595},{"text":"the","start":3490.595,"end":3490.692},{"text":"people","start":3490.692,"end":3491.288},{"text":"and","start":3491.578,"end":3491.643},{"text":"support","start":3491.659,"end":3492.061},{"text":"sustainable","start":3492.061,"end":3492.529},{"text":"development","start":3492.545,"end":3493.27},{"text":"and","start":3493.27,"end":3493.334},{"text":"do","start":3493.35,"end":3493.447},{"text":"not","start":3493.447,"end":3493.656},{"text":"serve","start":3493.656,"end":3493.962},{"text":"as","start":3494.397,"end":3494.446},{"text":"tools","start":3494.478,"end":3494.768},{"text":"for","start":3494.8,"end":3494.945},{"text":"armed","start":3494.945,"end":3495.171},{"text":"actors","start":3495.348,"end":3495.734},{"text":"or","start":3495.928,"end":3495.976},{"text":"illicit","start":3496.008,"end":3496.492},{"text":"economies.","start":3496.655,"end":3497.028}]},{"text":"Thank you for your attention.","start":3498.036,"end":3498.978,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3498.036,"end":3498.215},{"text":"you","start":3498.263,"end":3498.361},{"text":"for","start":3498.361,"end":3498.426},{"text":"your","start":3498.426,"end":3498.54},{"text":"attention.","start":3498.54,"end":3498.978}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"Global Witness","affiliation_full":"Global Witness","group":null,"function":"Senior and Advocacy Advisor"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":3501.077,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=3502","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Korp Alexander, for this bunch of I now give the floor to Ambassador Wang Xia, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the Great Lakes region.","start":3501.077,"end":3518.622,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3501.077,"end":3501.239},{"text":"you","start":3501.239,"end":3501.386},{"text":"very","start":3501.386,"end":3501.532},{"text":"much,","start":3501.564,"end":3501.873},{"text":"Mr.","start":3502.133,"end":3502.604},{"text":"Korp","start":3502.767,"end":3502.962},{"text":"Alexander,","start":3502.962,"end":3503.661},{"text":"for","start":3503.677,"end":3503.937},{"text":"this","start":3504.002,"end":3504.246},{"text":"bunch","start":3504.246,"end":3504.489},{"text":"of","start":3504.489,"end":3504.619},{"text":"I","start":3505.867,"end":3505.948},{"text":"now","start":3505.948,"end":3506.481},{"text":"give","start":3506.836,"end":3507.062},{"text":"the","start":3507.078,"end":3507.175},{"text":"floor","start":3507.175,"end":3507.676},{"text":"to","start":3507.725,"end":3507.854},{"text":"Ambassador","start":3508.774,"end":3510.067},{"text":"Wang","start":3510.793,"end":3511.133},{"text":"Xia,","start":3512.916,"end":3513.221},{"text":"the","start":3513.366,"end":3513.398},{"text":"Special","start":3513.398,"end":3515.568},{"text":"Representative","start":3515.938,"end":3516.805},{"text":"of","start":3516.854,"end":3516.966},{"text":"the","start":3516.982,"end":3517.063},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":3517.063,"end":3517.657},{"text":"in","start":3517.657,"end":3517.77},{"text":"the","start":3517.786,"end":3517.866},{"text":"Great","start":3517.866,"end":3518.043},{"text":"Lakes","start":3518.043,"end":3518.284},{"text":"region.","start":3518.284,"end":3518.622}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"You have the floor, sir.","start":3518.67,"end":3519.409,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":3518.67,"end":3518.766},{"text":"have","start":3518.766,"end":3518.927},{"text":"the","start":3518.927,"end":3518.975},{"text":"floor,","start":3519.007,"end":3519.232},{"text":"sir.","start":3519.248,"end":3519.409}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":3524.672,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=3525","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, President. Mr. President, Your Excellency, Madam Minister of State, Members of the Security Council, ladies and gentlemen, first of all, I wish to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who is assuming the presidency of the Security Council for the month of July.","start":3524.672,"end":3546.178,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3524.672,"end":3524.929},{"text":"you,","start":3524.929,"end":3525.107},{"text":"President.","start":3525.171,"end":3525.751},{"text":"Mr.","start":3526.685,"end":3526.862},{"text":"President,","start":3526.927,"end":3527.507},{"text":"Your","start":3527.587,"end":3527.748},{"text":"Excellency,","start":3527.748,"end":3528.28},{"text":"Madam","start":3529.745,"end":3529.955},{"text":"Minister","start":3530.003,"end":3530.406},{"text":"of","start":3530.406,"end":3530.502},{"text":"State,","start":3530.502,"end":3531.05},{"text":"Members","start":3531.465,"end":3531.735},{"text":"of","start":3531.752,"end":3531.836},{"text":"the","start":3531.836,"end":3531.921},{"text":"Security","start":3531.921,"end":3532.494},{"text":"Council,","start":3532.494,"end":3533.034},{"text":"ladies","start":3537.8,"end":3537.897},{"text":"and","start":3537.897,"end":3537.994},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":3537.994,"end":3538.529},{"text":"first","start":3538.626,"end":3538.869},{"text":"of","start":3538.869,"end":3538.966},{"text":"all,","start":3538.966,"end":3539.015},{"text":"I","start":3539.047,"end":3539.128},{"text":"wish","start":3539.128,"end":3539.258},{"text":"to","start":3539.274,"end":3539.355},{"text":"thank","start":3539.436,"end":3539.631},{"text":"the","start":3539.631,"end":3539.712},{"text":"Democratic","start":3539.76,"end":3540.263},{"text":"Republic","start":3540.263,"end":3540.684},{"text":"of","start":3540.684,"end":3540.765},{"text":"the","start":3540.765,"end":3540.895},{"text":"Congo,","start":3540.895,"end":3541.349},{"text":"who","start":3542.029,"end":3542.24},{"text":"is","start":3542.856,"end":3542.953},{"text":"assuming","start":3543.018,"end":3543.471},{"text":"the","start":3543.569,"end":3543.617},{"text":"presidency","start":3543.731,"end":3544.249},{"text":"of","start":3544.249,"end":3544.314},{"text":"the","start":3544.33,"end":3544.411},{"text":"Security","start":3544.411,"end":3544.93},{"text":"Council","start":3544.962,"end":3545.432},{"text":"for","start":3545.432,"end":3545.53},{"text":"the","start":3545.53,"end":3545.611},{"text":"month","start":3545.611,"end":3545.854},{"text":"of","start":3545.854,"end":3545.935},{"text":"July.","start":3545.935,"end":3546.178}]},{"text":"Thank you for taking the initiative for convening this Area Formula meeting on the assessment of the normative gap regarding natural resources and peace.","start":3549.023,"end":3558.796,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3549.023,"end":3549.281},{"text":"you","start":3549.281,"end":3549.443},{"text":"for","start":3549.443,"end":3549.848},{"text":"taking","start":3549.848,"end":3550.139},{"text":"the","start":3550.155,"end":3550.236},{"text":"initiative","start":3550.236,"end":3550.64},{"text":"for","start":3550.64,"end":3550.802},{"text":"convening","start":3550.802,"end":3551.206},{"text":"this","start":3551.206,"end":3551.449},{"text":"Area","start":3551.449,"end":3551.708},{"text":"Formula","start":3551.708,"end":3552.128},{"text":"meeting","start":3552.128,"end":3552.484},{"text":"on","start":3554.846,"end":3555.072},{"text":"the","start":3555.266,"end":3555.363},{"text":"assessment","start":3555.363,"end":3555.994},{"text":"of","start":3555.994,"end":3556.205},{"text":"the","start":3556.318,"end":3556.56},{"text":"normative","start":3556.56,"end":3557.013},{"text":"gap","start":3557.11,"end":3557.385},{"text":"regarding","start":3557.434,"end":3557.58},{"text":"natural","start":3557.58,"end":3557.793},{"text":"resources","start":3557.793,"end":3558.402},{"text":"and","start":3558.435,"end":3558.599},{"text":"peace.","start":3558.599,"end":3558.796}]},{"text":"In the Great Lakes region, this triptych is at the very heart of conflicts, but also at the heart of the possible solutions.","start":3559.909,"end":3569.3,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3559.909,"end":3559.957},{"text":"the","start":3560.055,"end":3560.314},{"text":"Great","start":3560.314,"end":3560.508},{"text":"Lakes","start":3560.541,"end":3560.784},{"text":"region,","start":3560.784,"end":3561.091},{"text":"this","start":3561.124,"end":3561.253},{"text":"triptych","start":3561.367,"end":3561.82},{"text":"is","start":3561.934,"end":3562.063},{"text":"at","start":3562.241,"end":3562.42},{"text":"the","start":3562.42,"end":3562.663},{"text":"very","start":3563.229,"end":3563.44},{"text":"heart","start":3563.472,"end":3563.942},{"text":"of","start":3564.671,"end":3564.946},{"text":"conflicts,","start":3566.048,"end":3566.712},{"text":"but","start":3566.793,"end":3566.971},{"text":"also","start":3567.036,"end":3567.409},{"text":"at","start":3567.522,"end":3567.668},{"text":"the","start":3567.668,"end":3567.814},{"text":"heart","start":3567.83,"end":3568.17},{"text":"of","start":3568.17,"end":3568.3},{"text":"the","start":3568.3,"end":3568.4},{"text":"possible","start":3568.4,"end":3568.733},{"text":"solutions.","start":3568.733,"end":3569.3}]},{"text":"In this context, the first message that I'd like to share is that lasting peace in the Great Lakes region will not be able to be achieved without credible and transparent governance.","start":3570.083,"end":3584.121,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3570.083,"end":3570.133},{"text":"this","start":3570.233,"end":3570.483},{"text":"context,","start":3570.483,"end":3571.016},{"text":"the","start":3573,"end":3573.032},{"text":"first","start":3573.032,"end":3573.273},{"text":"message","start":3573.273,"end":3573.69},{"text":"that","start":3573.739,"end":3573.915},{"text":"I'd","start":3573.98,"end":3574.14},{"text":"like","start":3574.156,"end":3574.317},{"text":"to","start":3574.317,"end":3574.462},{"text":"share","start":3574.462,"end":3574.895},{"text":"is","start":3575.667,"end":3575.731},{"text":"that","start":3575.763,"end":3575.908},{"text":"lasting","start":3575.908,"end":3576.293},{"text":"peace","start":3576.39,"end":3576.647},{"text":"in","start":3576.647,"end":3576.695},{"text":"the","start":3576.727,"end":3576.807},{"text":"Great","start":3576.807,"end":3577.129},{"text":"Lakes","start":3577.129,"end":3577.434},{"text":"region","start":3577.434,"end":3577.868},{"text":"will","start":3578.719,"end":3578.784},{"text":"not","start":3579.041,"end":3579.218},{"text":"be","start":3579.218,"end":3579.362},{"text":"able","start":3579.362,"end":3579.507},{"text":"to","start":3579.539,"end":3579.716},{"text":"be","start":3579.78,"end":3580.021},{"text":"achieved","start":3580.182,"end":3580.664},{"text":"without","start":3580.664,"end":3581.194},{"text":"credible","start":3582.19,"end":3582.543},{"text":"and","start":3582.577,"end":3582.68},{"text":"transparent","start":3582.68,"end":3583.692},{"text":"governance.","start":3583.898,"end":3584.121}]},{"text":"Of natural resources, and this on a domestic, regional, and also global level.","start":3585.044,"end":3592.719,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Of","start":3585.044,"end":3585.14},{"text":"natural","start":3585.14,"end":3585.527},{"text":"resources,","start":3585.527,"end":3586.059},{"text":"and","start":3587.22,"end":3587.365},{"text":"this","start":3587.365,"end":3587.494},{"text":"on","start":3587.688,"end":3587.833},{"text":"a","start":3588.091,"end":3588.252},{"text":"domestic,","start":3588.252,"end":3588.913},{"text":"regional,","start":3589.381,"end":3589.832},{"text":"and","start":3590.913,"end":3591.187},{"text":"also","start":3591.477,"end":3591.912},{"text":"global","start":3591.961,"end":3592.348},{"text":"level.","start":3592.461,"end":3592.719}]},{"text":"The successive reports of the UN Group of Experts have shown how conflict economies are structured around illicit exploitation control of trade routes and cross-border smuggling, accessing international markets due to how easy it is to transport this and its high value and how difficult it is to trace the origin of gold after it's refined.","start":3595.63,"end":3635.739,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3595.63,"end":3595.823},{"text":"successive","start":3595.823,"end":3596.37},{"text":"reports","start":3596.37,"end":3596.87},{"text":"of","start":3596.87,"end":3596.999},{"text":"the","start":3597.031,"end":3597.289},{"text":"UN","start":3597.337,"end":3597.643},{"text":"Group","start":3598.319,"end":3598.561},{"text":"of","start":3598.561,"end":3598.706},{"text":"Experts","start":3598.706,"end":3599.221},{"text":"have","start":3599.27,"end":3599.382},{"text":"shown","start":3599.382,"end":3599.817},{"text":"how","start":3600.558,"end":3600.735},{"text":"conflict","start":3602.105,"end":3602.668},{"text":"economies","start":3602.668,"end":3603.522},{"text":"are","start":3603.635,"end":3603.715},{"text":"structured","start":3603.715,"end":3604.65},{"text":"around","start":3604.764,"end":3605.026},{"text":"illicit","start":3605.73,"end":3606.254},{"text":"exploitation","start":3606.484,"end":3607.22},{"text":"control","start":3610.936,"end":3611.291},{"text":"of","start":3611.485,"end":3611.63},{"text":"trade","start":3612.13,"end":3612.404},{"text":"routes","start":3612.452,"end":3612.872},{"text":"and","start":3612.872,"end":3613.194},{"text":"cross-border","start":3613.985,"end":3614.807},{"text":"smuggling,","start":3614.985,"end":3615.501},{"text":"accessing","start":3617.291,"end":3617.84},{"text":"international","start":3617.888,"end":3618.739},{"text":"markets","start":3618.739,"end":3619.334},{"text":"due","start":3624.524,"end":3624.781},{"text":"to","start":3624.781,"end":3626.275},{"text":"how","start":3626.452,"end":3626.58},{"text":"easy","start":3626.773,"end":3626.998},{"text":"it","start":3627.03,"end":3627.127},{"text":"is","start":3627.191,"end":3627.239},{"text":"to","start":3627.32,"end":3627.368},{"text":"transport","start":3627.417,"end":3628.08},{"text":"this","start":3628.08,"end":3628.275},{"text":"and","start":3629.538,"end":3629.602},{"text":"its","start":3629.619,"end":3629.764},{"text":"high","start":3629.764,"end":3630.007},{"text":"value","start":3630.007,"end":3630.525},{"text":"and","start":3631.157,"end":3631.221},{"text":"how","start":3631.238,"end":3631.335},{"text":"difficult","start":3631.4,"end":3631.885},{"text":"it","start":3631.885,"end":3632.047},{"text":"is","start":3632.047,"end":3632.177},{"text":"to","start":3632.29,"end":3632.549},{"text":"trace","start":3633.488,"end":3633.828},{"text":"the","start":3633.828,"end":3633.974},{"text":"origin","start":3634.055,"end":3634.411},{"text":"of","start":3634.411,"end":3634.524},{"text":"gold","start":3634.557,"end":3634.945},{"text":"after","start":3634.945,"end":3635.204},{"text":"it's","start":3635.204,"end":3635.366},{"text":"refined.","start":3635.366,"end":3635.739}]},{"text":"There's also major risks in the area of traceability, and it's possible to get around the rules, and there are verification issues.","start":3639.173,"end":3652.197,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"There's","start":3639.173,"end":3639.286},{"text":"also","start":3639.399,"end":3639.706},{"text":"major","start":3639.706,"end":3640.11},{"text":"risks","start":3640.11,"end":3640.563},{"text":"in","start":3643.438,"end":3643.486},{"text":"the","start":3643.583,"end":3643.664},{"text":"area","start":3643.745,"end":3643.987},{"text":"of","start":3643.987,"end":3644.068},{"text":"traceability,","start":3644.084,"end":3644.779},{"text":"and","start":3644.811,"end":3644.859},{"text":"it's","start":3644.859,"end":3645.037},{"text":"possible","start":3645.053,"end":3645.425},{"text":"to","start":3645.538,"end":3645.861},{"text":"get","start":3647.88,"end":3648.042},{"text":"around","start":3648.042,"end":3648.42},{"text":"the","start":3649.586,"end":3649.652},{"text":"rules,","start":3649.685,"end":3649.98},{"text":"and","start":3650.654,"end":3650.949},{"text":"there","start":3650.998,"end":3651.163},{"text":"are","start":3651.163,"end":3651.228},{"text":"verification","start":3651.228,"end":3651.967},{"text":"issues.","start":3651.967,"end":3652.197}]},{"text":"However, the issues do not stop at the borders of producer countries.","start":3653.41,"end":3657.037,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":3653.41,"end":3653.838},{"text":"the","start":3653.855,"end":3654.003},{"text":"issues","start":3654.003,"end":3654.234},{"text":"do","start":3654.267,"end":3654.366},{"text":"not","start":3654.366,"end":3654.531},{"text":"stop","start":3654.58,"end":3654.926},{"text":"at","start":3654.926,"end":3655.058},{"text":"the","start":3655.157,"end":3655.421},{"text":"borders","start":3655.504,"end":3655.883},{"text":"of","start":3656.015,"end":3656.097},{"text":"producer","start":3656.163,"end":3656.575},{"text":"countries.","start":3656.575,"end":3657.037}]},{"text":"Minerals extracted in a conflict zone can be mixed, falsely documented, refined, processed, and integrated into the global supply chain.","start":3658.37,"end":3671.544,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Minerals","start":3658.37,"end":3659.434},{"text":"extracted","start":3659.549,"end":3660.286},{"text":"in","start":3660.449,"end":3660.58},{"text":"a","start":3661.006,"end":3661.137},{"text":"conflict","start":3661.35,"end":3661.694},{"text":"zone","start":3661.694,"end":3661.973},{"text":"can","start":3662.071,"end":3662.3},{"text":"be","start":3662.333,"end":3662.578},{"text":"mixed,","start":3662.917,"end":3663.321},{"text":"falsely","start":3663.337,"end":3663.951},{"text":"documented,","start":3663.983,"end":3664.678},{"text":"refined,","start":3664.775,"end":3665.534},{"text":"processed,","start":3666.39,"end":3667.069},{"text":"and","start":3667.133,"end":3667.456},{"text":"integrated","start":3669.072,"end":3669.799},{"text":"into","start":3669.799,"end":3670.057},{"text":"the","start":3670.186,"end":3670.283},{"text":"global","start":3670.348,"end":3670.703},{"text":"supply","start":3670.703,"end":3671.123},{"text":"chain.","start":3671.172,"end":3671.544}]},{"text":"So this means that the responsibility must be shared throughout the value chain— producer states, transit countries, and the destination countries.","start":3672.077,"end":3684.25,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3672.077,"end":3672.223},{"text":"this","start":3672.223,"end":3672.352},{"text":"means","start":3672.465,"end":3672.837},{"text":"that","start":3672.95,"end":3673.29},{"text":"the","start":3673.823,"end":3673.904},{"text":"responsibility","start":3673.904,"end":3674.664},{"text":"must","start":3674.664,"end":3674.971},{"text":"be","start":3674.971,"end":3675.052},{"text":"shared","start":3675.052,"end":3675.505},{"text":"throughout","start":3675.553,"end":3676.184},{"text":"the","start":3676.184,"end":3676.281},{"text":"value","start":3676.281,"end":3676.734},{"text":"chain—","start":3676.734,"end":3677.041},{"text":"producer","start":3678.512,"end":3678.867},{"text":"states,","start":3678.867,"end":3679.354},{"text":"transit","start":3680.78,"end":3681.267},{"text":"countries,","start":3681.267,"end":3681.737},{"text":"and","start":3682.564,"end":3682.823},{"text":"the","start":3682.823,"end":3683.066},{"text":"destination","start":3683.131,"end":3683.78},{"text":"countries.","start":3683.78,"end":3684.25}]},{"text":"The foundries, refineries, producers, financial institutions, and the final users, as well as traders.","start":3685.417,"end":3697.429,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3685.417,"end":3685.66},{"text":"foundries,","start":3687.199,"end":3688.007},{"text":"refineries,","start":3688.04,"end":3688.832},{"text":"producers,","start":3690.43,"end":3690.832},{"text":"financial","start":3690.928,"end":3691.443},{"text":"institutions,","start":3691.443,"end":3692.36},{"text":"and","start":3693.503,"end":3693.905},{"text":"the","start":3693.905,"end":3694.114},{"text":"final","start":3694.146,"end":3694.517},{"text":"users,","start":3694.629,"end":3695.015},{"text":"as","start":3696.592,"end":3696.689},{"text":"well","start":3696.737,"end":3696.85},{"text":"as","start":3696.898,"end":3696.946},{"text":"traders.","start":3697.043,"end":3697.429}]},{"text":"This is one of the major challenges, and regional certification mechanisms and the OECD due diligence regimes, the sanction regimes, the Kimberley Process, and all sectoral initiatives have made significant contributions.","start":3698.48,"end":3716.637,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3698.48,"end":3698.689},{"text":"is","start":3699.541,"end":3699.605},{"text":"one","start":3699.782,"end":3699.927},{"text":"of","start":3699.943,"end":3700.104},{"text":"the","start":3700.104,"end":3700.313},{"text":"major","start":3700.538,"end":3700.843},{"text":"challenges,","start":3700.843,"end":3701.374},{"text":"and","start":3701.487,"end":3701.744},{"text":"regional","start":3702.194,"end":3702.532},{"text":"certification","start":3702.532,"end":3703.175},{"text":"mechanisms","start":3703.175,"end":3703.867},{"text":"and","start":3705.009,"end":3705.234},{"text":"the","start":3705.266,"end":3705.491},{"text":"OECD","start":3705.507,"end":3706.07},{"text":"due","start":3706.07,"end":3706.231},{"text":"diligence","start":3706.231,"end":3706.713},{"text":"regimes,","start":3706.713,"end":3707.163},{"text":"the","start":3707.196,"end":3707.276},{"text":"sanction","start":3707.276,"end":3707.694},{"text":"regimes,","start":3707.742,"end":3708.289},{"text":"the","start":3709.44,"end":3709.472},{"text":"Kimberley","start":3709.472,"end":3709.802},{"text":"Process,","start":3709.802,"end":3710.329},{"text":"and","start":3711.448,"end":3711.514},{"text":"all","start":3711.679,"end":3711.728},{"text":"sectoral","start":3711.959,"end":3712.436},{"text":"initiatives","start":3712.436,"end":3712.98},{"text":"have","start":3714.796,"end":3715.103},{"text":"made","start":3715.119,"end":3715.378},{"text":"significant","start":3715.378,"end":3715.862},{"text":"contributions.","start":3715.862,"end":3716.637}]},{"text":"However, these tools unfortunately remain fragmented.","start":3717.46,"end":3722.207,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":3717.46,"end":3717.735},{"text":"these","start":3717.783,"end":3717.928},{"text":"tools","start":3718.025,"end":3718.413},{"text":"unfortunately","start":3718.526,"end":3719.381},{"text":"remain","start":3721.173,"end":3721.399},{"text":"fragmented.","start":3721.512,"end":3722.207}]},{"text":"They are not always a sufficient, coherent, predictable, and universal framework for systematically controlling and monitoring throughout the value chain the link that these minerals have to conflicts.","start":3724.1,"end":3742.473,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3724.1,"end":3724.132},{"text":"are","start":3724.277,"end":3724.309},{"text":"not","start":3724.309,"end":3724.616},{"text":"always","start":3724.841,"end":3725.148},{"text":"a","start":3725.261,"end":3725.277},{"text":"sufficient,","start":3725.357,"end":3726.051},{"text":"coherent,","start":3726.067,"end":3726.712},{"text":"predictable,","start":3727.277,"end":3727.809},{"text":"and","start":3728.083,"end":3728.244},{"text":"universal","start":3728.47,"end":3729.034},{"text":"framework","start":3730.001,"end":3730.645},{"text":"for","start":3730.645,"end":3730.726},{"text":"systematically","start":3730.742,"end":3731.676},{"text":"controlling","start":3734.43,"end":3735.299},{"text":"and","start":3735.396,"end":3735.653},{"text":"monitoring","start":3735.814,"end":3736.749},{"text":"throughout","start":3736.845,"end":3737.361},{"text":"the","start":3737.489,"end":3737.699},{"text":"value","start":3738.621,"end":3738.966},{"text":"chain","start":3738.966,"end":3739.477},{"text":"the","start":3740.184,"end":3740.283},{"text":"link","start":3740.283,"end":3740.612},{"text":"that","start":3740.915,"end":3741.015},{"text":"these","start":3741.015,"end":3741.131},{"text":"minerals","start":3741.23,"end":3741.462},{"text":"have","start":3741.562,"end":3741.727},{"text":"to","start":3741.727,"end":3741.827},{"text":"conflicts.","start":3741.827,"end":3742.473}]},{"text":"We require a regional and international framework, a strengthened one, for peace, security, transparency, sustainable development, and the equitable sharing of the value.","start":3744.152,"end":3757.662,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3744.152,"end":3744.184},{"text":"require","start":3744.217,"end":3744.899},{"text":"a","start":3745.207,"end":3745.239},{"text":"regional","start":3745.353,"end":3745.726},{"text":"and","start":3745.775,"end":3745.905},{"text":"international","start":3745.937,"end":3746.619},{"text":"framework,","start":3746.668,"end":3747.284},{"text":"a","start":3747.333,"end":3747.349},{"text":"strengthened","start":3747.398,"end":3748.015},{"text":"one,","start":3748.047,"end":3748.258},{"text":"for","start":3751.18,"end":3751.405},{"text":"peace,","start":3751.76,"end":3751.889},{"text":"security,","start":3751.937,"end":3752.47},{"text":"transparency,","start":3752.566,"end":3753.308},{"text":"sustainable","start":3753.324,"end":3753.84},{"text":"development,","start":3753.873,"end":3754.437},{"text":"and","start":3754.453,"end":3754.598},{"text":"the","start":3754.598,"end":3754.792},{"text":"equitable","start":3754.985,"end":3755.517},{"text":"sharing","start":3756.195,"end":3756.662},{"text":"of","start":3757.001,"end":3757.114},{"text":"the","start":3757.114,"end":3757.195},{"text":"value.","start":3757.195,"end":3757.662}]},{"text":"In the Great Lakes region, these instruments already exist.","start":3757.824,"end":3761.031,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3757.824,"end":3757.872},{"text":"the","start":3757.904,"end":3758.049},{"text":"Great","start":3758.049,"end":3758.291},{"text":"Lakes","start":3758.291,"end":3758.549},{"text":"region,","start":3758.549,"end":3758.807},{"text":"these","start":3759.54,"end":3759.621},{"text":"instruments","start":3759.621,"end":3760.075},{"text":"already","start":3760.204,"end":3760.464},{"text":"exist.","start":3760.464,"end":3761.031}]},{"text":"They include the Addis Ababa Framework Agreement that emphasizes a complete and holistic approach to boosting peace and lasting stability.","start":3761.988,"end":3776.129,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3761.988,"end":3762.069},{"text":"include","start":3762.069,"end":3762.653},{"text":"the","start":3762.799,"end":3763.026},{"text":"Addis","start":3763.042,"end":3763.367},{"text":"Ababa","start":3763.367,"end":3763.626},{"text":"Framework","start":3763.626,"end":3764.129},{"text":"Agreement","start":3764.177,"end":3764.583},{"text":"that","start":3764.583,"end":3764.81},{"text":"emphasizes","start":3767.327,"end":3768.282},{"text":"a","start":3768.622,"end":3768.751},{"text":"complete","start":3769.431,"end":3770.676},{"text":"and","start":3770.757,"end":3770.871},{"text":"holistic","start":3770.887,"end":3771.485},{"text":"approach","start":3772.1,"end":3772.488},{"text":"to","start":3773.556,"end":3773.783},{"text":"boosting","start":3773.815,"end":3774.268},{"text":"peace","start":3774.624,"end":3774.899},{"text":"and","start":3774.948,"end":3775.093},{"text":"lasting","start":3775.109,"end":3775.482},{"text":"stability.","start":3775.514,"end":3776.129}]},{"text":"This does not only cover the persistent actions of the armed groups in the east of the DRC threatening the state, but they also cover the role of economic cooperation.","start":3779.17,"end":3792.568,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3779.17,"end":3779.25},{"text":"does","start":3779.315,"end":3779.412},{"text":"not","start":3779.525,"end":3779.865},{"text":"only","start":3780.885,"end":3781.111},{"text":"cover","start":3781.143,"end":3781.516},{"text":"the","start":3781.775,"end":3781.969},{"text":"persistent","start":3783.085,"end":3783.91},{"text":"actions","start":3784.04,"end":3784.509},{"text":"of","start":3784.606,"end":3784.752},{"text":"the","start":3784.849,"end":3785.059},{"text":"armed","start":3785.334,"end":3785.528},{"text":"groups","start":3785.528,"end":3785.787},{"text":"in","start":3785.836,"end":3785.884},{"text":"the","start":3785.917,"end":3786.143},{"text":"east","start":3786.224,"end":3786.483},{"text":"of","start":3786.483,"end":3786.612},{"text":"the","start":3786.645,"end":3786.904},{"text":"DRC","start":3787.033,"end":3787.616},{"text":"threatening","start":3788.493,"end":3788.951},{"text":"the","start":3789.311,"end":3789.393},{"text":"state,","start":3789.393,"end":3789.688},{"text":"but","start":3789.819,"end":3789.9},{"text":"they","start":3789.9,"end":3790.064},{"text":"also","start":3790.064,"end":3790.457},{"text":"cover","start":3790.457,"end":3790.8},{"text":"the","start":3791.21,"end":3791.357},{"text":"role","start":3791.357,"end":3791.488},{"text":"of","start":3791.553,"end":3791.684},{"text":"economic","start":3791.684,"end":3792.11},{"text":"cooperation.","start":3792.11,"end":3792.568}]},{"text":"That's why the revitalization process of the framework agreement that is currently ongoing and being supported by my office is so important.","start":3793.709,"end":3803.205,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":3793.709,"end":3793.951},{"text":"why","start":3794.016,"end":3794.145},{"text":"the","start":3795.002,"end":3795.244},{"text":"revitalization","start":3796.117,"end":3797.07},{"text":"process","start":3797.41,"end":3797.782},{"text":"of","start":3797.927,"end":3798.04},{"text":"the","start":3798.072,"end":3798.315},{"text":"framework","start":3798.476,"end":3799.042},{"text":"agreement","start":3799.042,"end":3799.802},{"text":"that","start":3799.996,"end":3800.109},{"text":"is","start":3800.109,"end":3800.206},{"text":"currently","start":3800.254,"end":3800.626},{"text":"ongoing","start":3800.642,"end":3801.095},{"text":"and","start":3801.127,"end":3801.208},{"text":"being","start":3801.208,"end":3801.353},{"text":"supported","start":3801.385,"end":3801.676},{"text":"by","start":3801.709,"end":3801.789},{"text":"my","start":3801.789,"end":3802.032},{"text":"office","start":3802.032,"end":3802.369},{"text":"is","start":3802.369,"end":3802.433},{"text":"so","start":3802.433,"end":3802.53},{"text":"important.","start":3802.61,"end":3803.205}]},{"text":"It seeks to better implement the commitments signed up to on a national, regional, and international level.","start":3803.301,"end":3811.641,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3803.301,"end":3803.334},{"text":"seeks","start":3803.334,"end":3803.752},{"text":"to","start":3803.864,"end":3804.105},{"text":"better","start":3804.443,"end":3804.909},{"text":"implement","start":3805.005,"end":3805.375},{"text":"the","start":3805.471,"end":3805.552},{"text":"commitments","start":3805.568,"end":3806.13},{"text":"signed","start":3806.13,"end":3806.388},{"text":"up","start":3806.452,"end":3806.629},{"text":"to","start":3806.629,"end":3806.822},{"text":"on","start":3808.847,"end":3808.895},{"text":"a","start":3808.943,"end":3808.959},{"text":"national,","start":3808.959,"end":3809.458},{"text":"regional,","start":3809.65,"end":3810.02},{"text":"and","start":3810.615,"end":3810.727},{"text":"international","start":3810.776,"end":3811.315},{"text":"level.","start":3811.364,"end":3811.641}]},{"text":"Constant respect of these Framework agreements, I'm sure, will open the way for a lasting political settlement with enhanced regional cooperation and a transparent management of natural resources.","start":3814.98,"end":3833.33,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Constant","start":3814.98,"end":3816.163},{"text":"respect","start":3816.163,"end":3816.696},{"text":"of","start":3816.696,"end":3816.78},{"text":"these","start":3816.846,"end":3817.063},{"text":"Framework","start":3818.5,"end":3818.853},{"text":"agreements,","start":3818.853,"end":3819.336},{"text":"I'm","start":3819.352,"end":3819.561},{"text":"sure,","start":3819.561,"end":3819.883},{"text":"will","start":3819.899,"end":3820.14},{"text":"open","start":3820.14,"end":3820.382},{"text":"the","start":3820.382,"end":3820.51},{"text":"way","start":3820.526,"end":3820.703},{"text":"for","start":3820.703,"end":3821.122},{"text":"a","start":3821.266,"end":3821.379},{"text":"lasting","start":3821.894,"end":3822.28},{"text":"political","start":3822.376,"end":3822.795},{"text":"settlement","start":3822.795,"end":3824.001},{"text":"with","start":3824.484,"end":3824.564},{"text":"enhanced","start":3824.564,"end":3826.516},{"text":"regional","start":3826.516,"end":3826.805},{"text":"cooperation","start":3826.853,"end":3827.544},{"text":"and","start":3828.043,"end":3828.139},{"text":"a","start":3828.155,"end":3828.219},{"text":"transparent","start":3828.219,"end":3828.878},{"text":"management","start":3828.927,"end":3829.778},{"text":"of","start":3832.301,"end":3832.366},{"text":"natural","start":3832.398,"end":3832.784},{"text":"resources.","start":3832.784,"end":3833.33}]},{"text":"Furthermore, regional initiatives against the illicit exploitation of natural resources of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region and its regional certification mechanism constitutes another important basis.","start":3834.391,"end":3851.966,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":3834.391,"end":3835.435},{"text":"regional","start":3835.5,"end":3835.855},{"text":"initiatives","start":3835.855,"end":3836.582},{"text":"against","start":3836.582,"end":3836.938},{"text":"the","start":3836.97,"end":3837.164},{"text":"illicit","start":3837.633,"end":3838.021},{"text":"exploitation","start":3838.344,"end":3838.861},{"text":"of","start":3838.861,"end":3838.893},{"text":"natural","start":3838.926,"end":3839.152},{"text":"resources","start":3839.168,"end":3839.621},{"text":"of","start":3839.734,"end":3839.815},{"text":"the","start":3839.815,"end":3839.879},{"text":"International","start":3839.879,"end":3840.526},{"text":"Conference","start":3840.526,"end":3841.205},{"text":"of","start":3842.061,"end":3842.142},{"text":"the","start":3842.142,"end":3842.239},{"text":"Great","start":3842.239,"end":3842.611},{"text":"Lakes","start":3842.788,"end":3843.128},{"text":"Region","start":3843.128,"end":3843.483},{"text":"and","start":3844.849,"end":3845.09},{"text":"its","start":3845.09,"end":3845.218},{"text":"regional","start":3845.813,"end":3846.166},{"text":"certification","start":3846.166,"end":3846.841},{"text":"mechanism","start":3846.873,"end":3847.436},{"text":"constitutes","start":3849.267,"end":3849.91},{"text":"another","start":3849.91,"end":3850.311},{"text":"important","start":3850.311,"end":3851.163},{"text":"basis.","start":3851.275,"end":3851.966}]},{"text":"However, these instruments must be strengthened and better supported politically and financially.","start":3852.4,"end":3859.04,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":3852.4,"end":3852.673},{"text":"these","start":3852.721,"end":3852.866},{"text":"instruments","start":3852.898,"end":3853.541},{"text":"must","start":3853.541,"end":3853.782},{"text":"be","start":3853.782,"end":3853.961},{"text":"strengthened","start":3853.961,"end":3854.726},{"text":"and","start":3855.394,"end":3855.654},{"text":"better","start":3856.777,"end":3857.038},{"text":"supported","start":3857.038,"end":3857.575},{"text":"politically","start":3857.607,"end":3858.145},{"text":"and","start":3858.242,"end":3858.34},{"text":"financially.","start":3858.405,"end":3859.04}]},{"text":"In this regard, my office is supporting ongoing efforts seeking to strengthen the regional certification mechanism of the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region.","start":3860.35,"end":3870.904,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3860.35,"end":3860.382},{"text":"this","start":3860.382,"end":3860.544},{"text":"regard,","start":3860.544,"end":3860.851},{"text":"my","start":3860.867,"end":3861.062},{"text":"office","start":3861.742,"end":3862.017},{"text":"is","start":3862.017,"end":3862.082},{"text":"supporting","start":3862.082,"end":3862.502},{"text":"ongoing","start":3862.551,"end":3862.858},{"text":"efforts","start":3862.956,"end":3863.182},{"text":"seeking","start":3863.198,"end":3863.506},{"text":"to","start":3863.684,"end":3863.959},{"text":"strengthen","start":3864.526,"end":3865.125},{"text":"the","start":3865.157,"end":3865.416},{"text":"regional","start":3865.465,"end":3865.837},{"text":"certification","start":3866.468,"end":3867.326},{"text":"mechanism","start":3867.342,"end":3867.974},{"text":"of","start":3868.459,"end":3868.605},{"text":"the","start":3868.637,"end":3868.896},{"text":"International","start":3869.205,"end":3869.598},{"text":"Conference","start":3869.598,"end":3869.875},{"text":"of","start":3869.875,"end":3869.924},{"text":"the","start":3869.924,"end":3870.022},{"text":"Great","start":3870.022,"end":3870.251},{"text":"Lakes","start":3870.349,"end":3870.659},{"text":"Region.","start":3870.659,"end":3870.904}]},{"text":"By drawing on the good practices of the Kimberley Process.","start":3872.129,"end":3876.357,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":3872.129,"end":3872.322},{"text":"drawing","start":3873.032,"end":3873.388},{"text":"on","start":3873.646,"end":3873.791},{"text":"the","start":3873.888,"end":3874.065},{"text":"good","start":3874.065,"end":3874.291},{"text":"practices","start":3874.291,"end":3874.921},{"text":"of","start":3875.018,"end":3875.163},{"text":"the","start":3875.195,"end":3875.437},{"text":"Kimberley","start":3875.518,"end":3875.889},{"text":"Process.","start":3875.921,"end":3876.357}]},{"text":"The United Nations are supporting strengthening traceability, the certification of the origin of minerals, as well as the compilation of producing— production data and export data to bring transparency, to detect statistical anomalies, and to guarantee the credibility and independence of these tools.","start":3881.128,"end":3912.581,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3881.128,"end":3881.193},{"text":"United","start":3881.193,"end":3881.535},{"text":"Nations","start":3881.535,"end":3881.91},{"text":"are","start":3882.007,"end":3882.268},{"text":"supporting","start":3882.268,"end":3882.887},{"text":"strengthening","start":3883.017,"end":3883.538},{"text":"traceability,","start":3883.636,"end":3884.352},{"text":"the","start":3887.489,"end":3887.521},{"text":"certification","start":3887.553,"end":3888.392},{"text":"of","start":3888.392,"end":3888.537},{"text":"the","start":3888.553,"end":3888.714},{"text":"origin","start":3888.714,"end":3889.085},{"text":"of","start":3889.134,"end":3889.263},{"text":"minerals,","start":3889.295,"end":3889.827},{"text":"as","start":3890.908,"end":3891.005},{"text":"well","start":3891.069,"end":3891.182},{"text":"as","start":3891.456,"end":3891.601},{"text":"the","start":3895.166,"end":3895.263},{"text":"compilation","start":3895.263,"end":3895.908},{"text":"of","start":3895.908,"end":3895.972},{"text":"producing—","start":3895.989,"end":3896.601},{"text":"production","start":3897.118,"end":3897.553},{"text":"data","start":3898.146,"end":3898.644},{"text":"and","start":3899.11,"end":3899.174},{"text":"export","start":3899.286,"end":3899.768},{"text":"data","start":3899.768,"end":3900.25},{"text":"to","start":3901.293,"end":3901.39},{"text":"bring","start":3901.454,"end":3901.663},{"text":"transparency,","start":3902.497,"end":3903.348},{"text":"to","start":3903.445,"end":3903.702},{"text":"detect","start":3904.521,"end":3905.227},{"text":"statistical","start":3906.046,"end":3906.785},{"text":"anomalies,","start":3907.732,"end":3908.326},{"text":"and","start":3908.422,"end":3908.583},{"text":"to","start":3908.583,"end":3908.84},{"text":"guarantee","start":3909.081,"end":3909.578},{"text":"the","start":3909.627,"end":3909.787},{"text":"credibility","start":3910.285,"end":3910.975},{"text":"and","start":3911.007,"end":3911.248},{"text":"independence","start":3911.329,"end":3911.971},{"text":"of","start":3911.971,"end":3912.051},{"text":"these","start":3912.051,"end":3912.18},{"text":"tools.","start":3912.276,"end":3912.581}]},{"text":"Finally, it's important to better articulate regional and international efforts in order to further strengthen their coherence.","start":3913.882,"end":3921.075,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":3913.882,"end":3914.347},{"text":"it's","start":3914.941,"end":3915.102},{"text":"important","start":3915.102,"end":3915.6},{"text":"to","start":3915.6,"end":3915.889},{"text":"better","start":3915.905,"end":3916.21},{"text":"articulate","start":3916.21,"end":3916.756},{"text":"regional","start":3916.852,"end":3917.157},{"text":"and","start":3917.189,"end":3917.334},{"text":"international","start":3917.334,"end":3917.864},{"text":"efforts","start":3917.896,"end":3918.313},{"text":"in","start":3918.313,"end":3918.442},{"text":"order","start":3918.458,"end":3918.634},{"text":"to","start":3918.715,"end":3918.972},{"text":"further","start":3919.1,"end":3919.517},{"text":"strengthen","start":3919.517,"end":3920.128},{"text":"their","start":3920.16,"end":3920.256},{"text":"coherence.","start":3920.256,"end":3921.075}]},{"text":"The coherence between the different mechanisms.","start":3923.532,"end":3925.461,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3923.532,"end":3923.582},{"text":"coherence","start":3923.615,"end":3924.027},{"text":"between","start":3924.027,"end":3924.324},{"text":"the","start":3924.356,"end":3924.439},{"text":"different","start":3924.439,"end":3924.768},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":3924.834,"end":3925.461}]},{"text":"In this context, in the subregion, the International Conference of the Great Lakes Region that's currently headed up by the DRC is playing an absolutely central role.","start":3927.273,"end":3938.988,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3927.273,"end":3927.323},{"text":"this","start":3927.356,"end":3927.522},{"text":"context,","start":3927.522,"end":3928.236},{"text":"in","start":3928.435,"end":3928.485},{"text":"the","start":3928.518,"end":3928.601},{"text":"subregion,","start":3928.601,"end":3929.083},{"text":"the","start":3930.9,"end":3930.932},{"text":"International","start":3930.932,"end":3931.352},{"text":"Conference","start":3931.352,"end":3931.674},{"text":"of","start":3931.674,"end":3931.739},{"text":"the","start":3931.739,"end":3931.82},{"text":"Great","start":3931.82,"end":3932.046},{"text":"Lakes","start":3932.223,"end":3932.466},{"text":"Region","start":3932.466,"end":3932.789},{"text":"that's","start":3932.789,"end":3932.95},{"text":"currently","start":3932.95,"end":3933.321},{"text":"headed","start":3933.354,"end":3933.66},{"text":"up","start":3933.66,"end":3933.757},{"text":"by","start":3933.757,"end":3933.919},{"text":"the","start":3933.919,"end":3934.064},{"text":"DRC","start":3934.064,"end":3934.548},{"text":"is","start":3936.244,"end":3936.308},{"text":"playing","start":3936.421,"end":3936.873},{"text":"an","start":3937.794,"end":3937.858},{"text":"absolutely","start":3937.858,"end":3938.294},{"text":"central","start":3938.294,"end":3938.778},{"text":"role.","start":3938.827,"end":3938.988}]},{"text":"There's the mediator of the African Union, the chair of the council, Minister of Togo, and the panel of facilitators.","start":3941.52,"end":3949.909,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There's","start":3941.52,"end":3941.64},{"text":"the","start":3941.64,"end":3941.725},{"text":"mediator","start":3941.725,"end":3942.172},{"text":"of","start":3942.172,"end":3942.257},{"text":"the","start":3942.309,"end":3942.395},{"text":"African","start":3942.395,"end":3942.755},{"text":"Union,","start":3942.755,"end":3943.115},{"text":"the","start":3945.54,"end":3945.653},{"text":"chair","start":3945.653,"end":3945.847},{"text":"of","start":3946.057,"end":3946.187},{"text":"the","start":3946.203,"end":3946.332},{"text":"council,","start":3946.365,"end":3946.737},{"text":"Minister","start":3947.271,"end":3947.74},{"text":"of","start":3947.74,"end":3947.805},{"text":"Togo,","start":3947.934,"end":3948.307},{"text":"and","start":3948.323,"end":3948.404},{"text":"the","start":3948.404,"end":3948.549},{"text":"panel","start":3948.549,"end":3948.841},{"text":"of","start":3948.873,"end":3949.019},{"text":"facilitators.","start":3949.213,"end":3949.909}]},{"text":"Tasked with the regional economic integration.","start":3952.766,"end":3959.019,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Tasked","start":3952.766,"end":3953.106},{"text":"with","start":3953.17,"end":3953.51},{"text":"the","start":3953.639,"end":3953.849},{"text":"regional","start":3956.563,"end":3957.613},{"text":"economic","start":3957.613,"end":3958.179},{"text":"integration.","start":3958.582,"end":3959.019}]},{"text":"All of these provide the frameworks required to reach solid commitments from states.","start":3959.132,"end":3965.408,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":3959.132,"end":3959.18},{"text":"of","start":3959.229,"end":3959.293},{"text":"these","start":3959.309,"end":3959.519},{"text":"provide","start":3959.552,"end":3960.085},{"text":"the","start":3960.505,"end":3960.602},{"text":"frameworks","start":3960.602,"end":3960.958},{"text":"required","start":3961.006,"end":3961.46},{"text":"to","start":3961.573,"end":3961.848},{"text":"reach","start":3962.69,"end":3962.916},{"text":"solid","start":3963.758,"end":3964.049},{"text":"commitments","start":3964.081,"end":3964.713},{"text":"from","start":3964.713,"end":3964.988},{"text":"states.","start":3964.988,"end":3965.408}]},{"text":"Now, as for the Security Council, the Security Council can contribute to providing stronger coherence to international efforts.","start":3966.59,"end":3975.924,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":3966.59,"end":3966.703},{"text":"as","start":3967.059,"end":3967.221},{"text":"for","start":3967.221,"end":3967.302},{"text":"the","start":3967.302,"end":3967.383},{"text":"Security","start":3967.383,"end":3967.885},{"text":"Council,","start":3967.885,"end":3968.354},{"text":"the","start":3969.11,"end":3969.142},{"text":"Security","start":3969.142,"end":3969.547},{"text":"Council","start":3969.547,"end":3970},{"text":"can","start":3970.032,"end":3970.243},{"text":"contribute","start":3971.813,"end":3972.298},{"text":"to","start":3972.298,"end":3972.428},{"text":"providing","start":3972.46,"end":3972.913},{"text":"stronger","start":3973.609,"end":3974.062},{"text":"coherence","start":3974.062,"end":3974.791},{"text":"to","start":3974.791,"end":3974.888},{"text":"international","start":3974.888,"end":3975.487},{"text":"efforts.","start":3975.519,"end":3975.924}]},{"text":"By strengthening political attention to this matter as well as follow-up and assessment of the decisions made and promoting a higher level of accountability from the relevant actors.","start":3976.607,"end":3990.614,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":3976.607,"end":3976.72},{"text":"strengthening","start":3976.849,"end":3977.464},{"text":"political","start":3978.547,"end":3978.967},{"text":"attention","start":3978.967,"end":3979.403},{"text":"to","start":3979.5,"end":3979.613},{"text":"this","start":3979.613,"end":3979.824},{"text":"matter","start":3979.824,"end":3980.163},{"text":"as","start":3980.163,"end":3980.212},{"text":"well","start":3980.309,"end":3980.438},{"text":"as","start":3980.648,"end":3980.697},{"text":"follow-up","start":3980.81,"end":3981.375},{"text":"and","start":3981.375,"end":3981.634},{"text":"assessment","start":3981.634,"end":3982.345},{"text":"of","start":3982.345,"end":3982.442},{"text":"the","start":3982.442,"end":3982.572},{"text":"decisions","start":3982.572,"end":3983.04},{"text":"made","start":3983.073,"end":3983.364},{"text":"and","start":3984.912,"end":3985.009},{"text":"promoting","start":3985.089,"end":3985.701},{"text":"a","start":3986.845,"end":3986.926},{"text":"higher","start":3986.926,"end":3987.167},{"text":"level","start":3987.167,"end":3987.441},{"text":"of","start":3987.489,"end":3987.666},{"text":"accountability","start":3987.666,"end":3988.44},{"text":"from","start":3989.019,"end":3989.229},{"text":"the","start":3989.438,"end":3989.519},{"text":"relevant","start":3989.825,"end":3990.244},{"text":"actors.","start":3990.244,"end":3990.614}]},{"text":"My fourth message is that transparent governance of natural resources must become an essential instrument for conflict prevention.","start":3992.41,"end":4000.137,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":3992.41,"end":3992.442},{"text":"fourth","start":3992.442,"end":3992.764},{"text":"message","start":3992.828,"end":3993.327},{"text":"is","start":3993.327,"end":3993.375},{"text":"that","start":3993.488,"end":3993.826},{"text":"transparent","start":3994.116,"end":3994.631},{"text":"governance","start":3994.695,"end":3995.13},{"text":"of","start":3995.194,"end":3995.307},{"text":"natural","start":3995.339,"end":3995.661},{"text":"resources","start":3995.661,"end":3996.193},{"text":"must","start":3996.869,"end":3997.175},{"text":"become","start":3997.175,"end":3997.609},{"text":"an","start":3997.754,"end":3997.835},{"text":"essential","start":3997.835,"end":3998.462},{"text":"instrument","start":3998.478,"end":3999.106},{"text":"for","start":3999.106,"end":3999.203},{"text":"conflict","start":3999.203,"end":3999.605},{"text":"prevention.","start":3999.67,"end":4000.137}]},{"text":"and not only a response that we see after crises.","start":4003.191,"end":4006.156,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":4003.191,"end":4003.353},{"text":"not","start":4003.353,"end":4003.499},{"text":"only","start":4003.823,"end":4004.05},{"text":"a","start":4004.163,"end":4004.179},{"text":"response","start":4004.244,"end":4004.795},{"text":"that","start":4004.795,"end":4004.892},{"text":"we","start":4004.892,"end":4004.973},{"text":"see","start":4004.973,"end":4005.281},{"text":"after","start":4005.362,"end":4005.686},{"text":"crises.","start":4005.686,"end":4006.156}]},{"text":"It's not enough to just document illicit flows once they've already funded armed groups.","start":4006.691,"end":4015.328,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4006.691,"end":4007.339},{"text":"not","start":4007.404,"end":4007.63},{"text":"enough","start":4007.63,"end":4007.873},{"text":"to","start":4007.873,"end":4007.938},{"text":"just","start":4007.954,"end":4008.149},{"text":"document","start":4008.214,"end":4008.765},{"text":"illicit","start":4009.429,"end":4009.818},{"text":"flows","start":4009.818,"end":4010.206},{"text":"once","start":4013.311,"end":4013.537},{"text":"they've","start":4013.537,"end":4013.682},{"text":"already","start":4013.698,"end":4014.004},{"text":"funded","start":4014.117,"end":4014.489},{"text":"armed","start":4014.585,"end":4014.811},{"text":"groups.","start":4014.844,"end":4015.328}]},{"text":"It's necessary to detect and interrupt the financing chains.","start":4016.78,"end":4022.914,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4016.78,"end":4016.941},{"text":"necessary","start":4016.941,"end":4017.393},{"text":"to","start":4017.587,"end":4017.845},{"text":"detect","start":4019.136,"end":4019.684},{"text":"and","start":4019.684,"end":4019.813},{"text":"interrupt","start":4019.91,"end":4020.572},{"text":"the","start":4020.638,"end":4020.834},{"text":"financing","start":4021.948,"end":4022.505},{"text":"chains.","start":4022.538,"end":4022.914}]},{"text":"Finally, it's essential to recall that natural resources—","start":4046.8,"end":4053.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":4046.8,"end":4047.224},{"text":"it's","start":4047.241,"end":4048.203},{"text":"essential","start":4048.203,"end":4048.692},{"text":"to","start":4048.692,"end":4048.855},{"text":"recall","start":4048.855,"end":4049.132},{"text":"that","start":4049.263,"end":4049.426},{"text":"natural","start":4049.426,"end":4051.644},{"text":"resources—","start":4053.624,"end":4053.92}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Huang Xia","affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Special Envoy of the SG for the Great Lakes Region"}},{"statement_number":19,"start":4054.035,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4055","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"apologies from the interpreters, we have an echo.","start":4054.035,"end":4056.598,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"apologies","start":4054.035,"end":4054.495},{"text":"from","start":4054.577,"end":4054.676},{"text":"the","start":4054.692,"end":4054.775},{"text":"interpreters,","start":4054.775,"end":4055.399},{"text":"we","start":4055.925,"end":4056.072},{"text":"have","start":4056.072,"end":4056.187},{"text":"an","start":4056.187,"end":4056.286},{"text":"echo.","start":4056.335,"end":4056.598}]},{"text":"And we cannot continue to interpret.","start":4057.067,"end":4059.242,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4057.067,"end":4057.456},{"text":"we","start":4057.489,"end":4057.684},{"text":"cannot","start":4057.813,"end":4058.089},{"text":"continue","start":4058.138,"end":4058.544},{"text":"to","start":4058.544,"end":4058.69},{"text":"interpret.","start":4058.69,"end":4059.242}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Interpreter"}},{"statement_number":20,"start":4063.45,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4064","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"C'est bon maintenant?","start":4063.45,"end":4063.964,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"C'est","start":4063.45,"end":4063.638},{"text":"bon","start":4063.655,"end":4063.724},{"text":"maintenant?","start":4063.724,"end":4063.964}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":21,"start":4065.15,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4066","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Oui, ça va.","start":4065.15,"end":4065.504,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Oui,","start":4065.15,"end":4065.198},{"text":"ça","start":4065.214,"end":4065.375},{"text":"va.","start":4065.423,"end":4065.504}]},{"text":"On vous écoute très bien.","start":4065.826,"end":4066.615,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":4065.826,"end":4065.907},{"text":"vous","start":4065.907,"end":4065.987},{"text":"écoute","start":4066.003,"end":4066.229},{"text":"très","start":4066.229,"end":4066.438},{"text":"bien.","start":4066.454,"end":4066.615}]},{"text":"Allez-y.","start":4066.712,"end":4066.986,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allez-y.","start":4066.712,"end":4066.986}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":22,"start":4067.259,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4068","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Yes, it's fine, says the chair.","start":4067.259,"end":4068.628,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yes,","start":4067.259,"end":4067.388},{"text":"it's","start":4067.517,"end":4067.662},{"text":"fine,","start":4067.678,"end":4067.968},{"text":"says","start":4068.016,"end":4068.21},{"text":"the","start":4068.306,"end":4068.403},{"text":"chair.","start":4068.403,"end":4068.628}]},{"text":"Unfortunately, the interpreters can't hear the speaker.","start":4068.709,"end":4071.061,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":4068.709,"end":4069.144},{"text":"the","start":4069.208,"end":4069.353},{"text":"interpreters","start":4069.353,"end":4069.949},{"text":"can't","start":4069.998,"end":4070.304},{"text":"hear","start":4070.32,"end":4070.432},{"text":"the","start":4070.432,"end":4070.561},{"text":"speaker.","start":4070.561,"end":4071.061}]},{"text":"Apologies from the interpreters.","start":4071.302,"end":4072.639,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Apologies","start":4071.302,"end":4071.753},{"text":"from","start":4071.834,"end":4071.946},{"text":"the","start":4071.946,"end":4072.091},{"text":"interpreters.","start":4072.091,"end":4072.639}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Interpreter"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":4073.51,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4074","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Commerce et les chaînes de valeur peuvent créer des interdépendances positives entre États voisins.","start":4073.51,"end":4080.056,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Commerce","start":4073.51,"end":4073.914},{"text":"et","start":4074.091,"end":4074.415},{"text":"les","start":4074.415,"end":4074.528},{"text":"chaînes","start":4074.528,"end":4074.803},{"text":"de","start":4074.835,"end":4074.867},{"text":"valeur","start":4074.916,"end":4075.465},{"text":"peuvent","start":4075.482,"end":4075.837},{"text":"créer","start":4075.869,"end":4076.209},{"text":"des","start":4076.225,"end":4077.001},{"text":"interdépendances","start":4077.001,"end":4077.874},{"text":"positives","start":4078.068,"end":4079.005},{"text":"entre","start":4079.183,"end":4079.458},{"text":"États","start":4079.684,"end":4079.91},{"text":"voisins.","start":4079.91,"end":4080.056}]},{"text":"Dans les Grands Lacs, la stratégie régionale des Nations Unies Promeut une paix durable qui passera aussi par des projets économiques concrets, visibles et bénéfiques aux populations.","start":4080.88,"end":4091.875,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Dans","start":4080.88,"end":4080.945},{"text":"les","start":4080.977,"end":4081.107},{"text":"Grands","start":4081.123,"end":4081.349},{"text":"Lacs,","start":4081.349,"end":4081.543},{"text":"la","start":4081.624,"end":4081.705},{"text":"stratégie","start":4081.705,"end":4082.27},{"text":"régionale","start":4082.335,"end":4082.755},{"text":"des","start":4082.755,"end":4082.82},{"text":"Nations","start":4082.82,"end":4083.208},{"text":"Unies","start":4083.224,"end":4083.37},{"text":"Promeut","start":4083.866,"end":4084.332},{"text":"une","start":4084.428,"end":4084.54},{"text":"paix","start":4084.685,"end":4084.845},{"text":"durable","start":4084.845,"end":4085.311},{"text":"qui","start":4085.311,"end":4085.888},{"text":"passera","start":4086.049,"end":4086.482},{"text":"aussi","start":4086.53,"end":4086.787},{"text":"par","start":4086.932,"end":4087.092},{"text":"des","start":4087.092,"end":4087.333},{"text":"projets","start":4087.333,"end":4087.718},{"text":"économiques","start":4087.75,"end":4088.424},{"text":"concrets,","start":4088.456,"end":4088.922},{"text":"visibles","start":4089.58,"end":4090.35},{"text":"et","start":4090.527,"end":4090.559},{"text":"bénéfiques","start":4090.559,"end":4091.313},{"text":"aux","start":4091.345,"end":4091.393},{"text":"populations.","start":4091.425,"end":4091.875}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Excellences, cette réunion, Aria Formule intervient à un moment important.","start":4092.533,"end":4097.444,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellences,","start":4092.533,"end":4092.998},{"text":"cette","start":4093.608,"end":4093.897},{"text":"réunion,","start":4093.897,"end":4094.443},{"text":"Aria","start":4094.86,"end":4095.101},{"text":"Formule","start":4095.101,"end":4095.518},{"text":"intervient","start":4095.518,"end":4096.385},{"text":"à","start":4096.385,"end":4096.465},{"text":"un","start":4096.561,"end":4096.641},{"text":"moment","start":4096.641,"end":4097.027},{"text":"important.","start":4097.027,"end":4097.444}]},{"text":"Elles offrent l'occasion de passer d'une approche fragmentée.","start":4097.845,"end":4101.617,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Elles","start":4097.845,"end":4098.022},{"text":"offrent","start":4098.07,"end":4098.31},{"text":"l'occasion","start":4098.31,"end":4098.84},{"text":"de","start":4099.37,"end":4099.53},{"text":"passer","start":4099.53,"end":4099.803},{"text":"d'une","start":4099.803,"end":4100.22},{"text":"approche","start":4100.252,"end":4100.622},{"text":"fragmentée.","start":4100.878,"end":4101.617}]},{"text":"This is an opportunity to move from a fragmented approach to a coherent reflection on the link between natural resources.","start":4102.002,"end":4109.529,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4102.002,"end":4102.098},{"text":"is","start":4102.114,"end":4102.259},{"text":"an","start":4102.259,"end":4102.307},{"text":"opportunity","start":4102.339,"end":4102.981},{"text":"to","start":4102.981,"end":4103.125},{"text":"move","start":4103.125,"end":4103.238},{"text":"from","start":4103.238,"end":4103.414},{"text":"a","start":4103.446,"end":4103.526},{"text":"fragmented","start":4103.526,"end":4104.184},{"text":"approach","start":4104.184,"end":4104.537},{"text":"to","start":4104.666,"end":4104.81},{"text":"a","start":4104.81,"end":4104.907},{"text":"coherent","start":4104.907,"end":4105.741},{"text":"reflection","start":4105.773,"end":4106.399},{"text":"on","start":4107.218,"end":4107.282},{"text":"the","start":4107.314,"end":4107.458},{"text":"link","start":4107.474,"end":4107.812},{"text":"between","start":4108.277,"end":4108.598},{"text":"natural","start":4108.598,"end":4108.999},{"text":"resources.","start":4108.999,"end":4109.529}]},{"text":"And lasting peace.","start":4109.804,"end":4110.546,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4109.804,"end":4109.873},{"text":"lasting","start":4109.959,"end":4110.287},{"text":"peace.","start":4110.39,"end":4110.546}]},{"text":"First of all, explicitly recognizing the illicit exploitation of natural resources.","start":4112.77,"end":4118.675,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":4112.77,"end":4112.867},{"text":"of","start":4112.867,"end":4112.899},{"text":"all,","start":4112.899,"end":4113.093},{"text":"explicitly","start":4113.611,"end":4114.226},{"text":"recognizing","start":4114.323,"end":4115.035},{"text":"the","start":4115.229,"end":4115.472},{"text":"illicit","start":4116.507,"end":4116.912},{"text":"exploitation","start":4116.912,"end":4117.607},{"text":"of","start":4117.672,"end":4117.769},{"text":"natural","start":4117.818,"end":4118.141},{"text":"resources.","start":4118.141,"end":4118.675}]},{"text":"This is a structural factor of conflicts and this must be recognized and more systematically be included in analyses, reports, and mandates.","start":4118.789,"end":4130.92,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4118.789,"end":4118.983},{"text":"is","start":4120.795,"end":4120.892},{"text":"a","start":4120.892,"end":4120.924},{"text":"structural","start":4120.957,"end":4121.572},{"text":"factor","start":4122.252,"end":4122.739},{"text":"of","start":4122.739,"end":4122.836},{"text":"conflicts","start":4122.836,"end":4123.469},{"text":"and","start":4123.469,"end":4123.533},{"text":"this","start":4123.566,"end":4123.679},{"text":"must","start":4123.793,"end":4123.971},{"text":"be","start":4123.971,"end":4124.052},{"text":"recognized","start":4124.117,"end":4124.863},{"text":"and","start":4124.863,"end":4124.993},{"text":"more","start":4126.161,"end":4126.323},{"text":"systematically","start":4126.323,"end":4127.101},{"text":"be","start":4127.117,"end":4127.166},{"text":"included","start":4127.199,"end":4127.831},{"text":"in","start":4127.928,"end":4127.993},{"text":"analyses,","start":4128.739,"end":4129.177},{"text":"reports,","start":4129.226,"end":4129.726},{"text":"and","start":4129.807,"end":4129.936},{"text":"mandates.","start":4130.372,"end":4130.92}]},{"text":"Secondly, strengthening existing regional mechanisms Rather than trying to get around them, lasting solutions must be brought by the region and supported also by international partners.","start":4131.598,"end":4149.931,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":4131.598,"end":4132.115},{"text":"strengthening","start":4133.664,"end":4134.374},{"text":"existing","start":4134.794,"end":4135.181},{"text":"regional","start":4135.294,"end":4135.617},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4135.617,"end":4136.23},{"text":"Rather","start":4139.371,"end":4139.628},{"text":"than","start":4139.644,"end":4139.918},{"text":"trying","start":4141.077,"end":4141.286},{"text":"to","start":4141.383,"end":4141.447},{"text":"get","start":4141.479,"end":4141.721},{"text":"around","start":4141.721,"end":4142.043},{"text":"them,","start":4142.043,"end":4142.284},{"text":"lasting","start":4143.395,"end":4143.701},{"text":"solutions","start":4143.733,"end":4144.264},{"text":"must","start":4144.296,"end":4144.49},{"text":"be","start":4144.538,"end":4144.683},{"text":"brought","start":4144.699,"end":4144.94},{"text":"by","start":4144.94,"end":4145.101},{"text":"the","start":4145.101,"end":4145.182},{"text":"region","start":4145.182,"end":4145.555},{"text":"and","start":4147.03,"end":4147.419},{"text":"supported","start":4147.597,"end":4148.326},{"text":"also","start":4148.326,"end":4148.602},{"text":"by","start":4148.731,"end":4148.91},{"text":"international","start":4148.91,"end":4149.461},{"text":"partners.","start":4149.477,"end":4149.931}]},{"text":"Thirdly, shared responsibility throughout the supply chain must become a central principle.","start":4154.41,"end":4159.756,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":4154.41,"end":4154.733},{"text":"shared","start":4155.072,"end":4155.395},{"text":"responsibility","start":4155.395,"end":4156.106},{"text":"throughout","start":4156.138,"end":4156.396},{"text":"the","start":4156.396,"end":4156.526},{"text":"supply","start":4156.526,"end":4157.026},{"text":"chain","start":4157.026,"end":4157.236},{"text":"must","start":4157.349,"end":4157.818},{"text":"become","start":4157.818,"end":4158.109},{"text":"a","start":4158.723,"end":4158.787},{"text":"central","start":4158.787,"end":4159.272},{"text":"principle.","start":4159.288,"end":4159.756}]},{"text":"Producer countries cannot.","start":4159.853,"end":4161.323,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Producer","start":4159.853,"end":4160.338},{"text":"countries","start":4160.338,"end":4160.79},{"text":"cannot.","start":4160.823,"end":4161.323}]},{"text":"Bear the burden of transparency alone if purchasers, refiners, and other actors upstream do not fully play their role.","start":4163.388,"end":4177.536,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Bear","start":4163.388,"end":4163.858},{"text":"the","start":4163.858,"end":4164.118},{"text":"burden","start":4164.118,"end":4164.507},{"text":"of","start":4164.507,"end":4164.604},{"text":"transparency","start":4164.604,"end":4165.333},{"text":"alone","start":4165.333,"end":4165.787},{"text":"if","start":4166.614,"end":4166.841},{"text":"purchasers,","start":4166.954,"end":4167.813},{"text":"refiners,","start":4168.316,"end":4169.029},{"text":"and","start":4173.048,"end":4173.436},{"text":"other","start":4173.613,"end":4173.855},{"text":"actors","start":4174.985,"end":4175.454},{"text":"upstream","start":4175.647,"end":4176.18},{"text":"do","start":4176.213,"end":4176.374},{"text":"not","start":4176.374,"end":4176.648},{"text":"fully","start":4176.681,"end":4176.907},{"text":"play","start":4176.939,"end":4177.181},{"text":"their","start":4177.181,"end":4177.423},{"text":"role.","start":4177.423,"end":4177.536}]},{"text":"By way of conclusion, I wish to reaffirm a simple message.","start":4178.473,"end":4180.911,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"By","start":4178.473,"end":4178.618},{"text":"way","start":4178.618,"end":4178.683},{"text":"of","start":4178.699,"end":4178.764},{"text":"conclusion,","start":4178.78,"end":4179.199},{"text":"I","start":4179.264,"end":4179.28},{"text":"wish","start":4179.28,"end":4179.425},{"text":"to","start":4179.425,"end":4179.587},{"text":"reaffirm","start":4179.587,"end":4180.104},{"text":"a","start":4180.184,"end":4180.2},{"text":"simple","start":4180.249,"end":4180.54},{"text":"message.","start":4180.54,"end":4180.911}]},{"text":"Natural resources must not feed conflicts.","start":4181.54,"end":4187.074,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":4181.54,"end":4181.862},{"text":"resources","start":4181.862,"end":4182.476},{"text":"must","start":4185.025,"end":4185.25},{"text":"not","start":4185.25,"end":4185.38},{"text":"feed","start":4185.428,"end":4185.912},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4186.541,"end":4187.074}]},{"text":"If they are properly governed, they can become a fundamental catalyst of peace, regional trust, and shared prosperity.","start":4187.186,"end":4198.798,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":4187.186,"end":4187.283},{"text":"they","start":4187.283,"end":4187.428},{"text":"are","start":4187.428,"end":4187.622},{"text":"properly","start":4187.654,"end":4188.042},{"text":"governed,","start":4188.074,"end":4188.638},{"text":"they","start":4189.122,"end":4189.235},{"text":"can","start":4189.348,"end":4189.655},{"text":"become","start":4189.671,"end":4190.042},{"text":"a","start":4194.239,"end":4194.272},{"text":"fundamental","start":4194.272,"end":4195.105},{"text":"catalyst","start":4195.22,"end":4195.792},{"text":"of","start":4195.792,"end":4195.841},{"text":"peace,","start":4195.955,"end":4196.298},{"text":"regional","start":4196.527,"end":4197.017},{"text":"trust,","start":4197.099,"end":4197.654},{"text":"and","start":4197.752,"end":4197.834},{"text":"shared","start":4197.85,"end":4198.144},{"text":"prosperity.","start":4198.242,"end":4198.798}]},{"text":"It is this transparency that we must support collectively.","start":4200.284,"end":4203.874,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4200.284,"end":4200.432},{"text":"is","start":4200.432,"end":4200.497},{"text":"this","start":4200.53,"end":4200.661},{"text":"transparency","start":4200.76,"end":4201.645},{"text":"that","start":4202.169,"end":4202.317},{"text":"we","start":4202.317,"end":4202.432},{"text":"must","start":4202.432,"end":4202.743},{"text":"support","start":4202.743,"end":4203.333},{"text":"collectively.","start":4203.399,"end":4203.874}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":4205.063,"end":4205.547,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4205.063,"end":4205.289},{"text":"you.","start":4205.289,"end":4205.547}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Huang Xia","affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Special Envoy of the SG for the Great Lakes Region"}},{"statement_number":24,"start":4208.437,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4209","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. Huang Jia, for your contribution to this debate, the UN Secretary-General's Envoy for the Great Lakes Region.","start":4208.437,"end":4217.648,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4208.437,"end":4208.598},{"text":"you","start":4208.598,"end":4208.695},{"text":"very","start":4208.695,"end":4208.873},{"text":"much,","start":4208.873,"end":4209.228},{"text":"Mr.","start":4210.535,"end":4211.117},{"text":"Huang","start":4211.343,"end":4211.488},{"text":"Jia,","start":4211.585,"end":4211.908},{"text":"for","start":4211.924,"end":4212.198},{"text":"your","start":4212.876,"end":4212.989},{"text":"contribution","start":4212.989,"end":4213.587},{"text":"to","start":4213.683,"end":4213.78},{"text":"this","start":4213.78,"end":4213.91},{"text":"debate,","start":4213.91,"end":4214.365},{"text":"the","start":4214.982,"end":4215.063},{"text":"UN","start":4215.063,"end":4215.291},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":4215.827,"end":4216.461},{"text":"Envoy","start":4216.461,"end":4216.656},{"text":"for","start":4216.689,"end":4216.77},{"text":"the","start":4216.77,"end":4216.851},{"text":"Great","start":4216.851,"end":4217.063},{"text":"Lakes","start":4217.176,"end":4217.42},{"text":"Region.","start":4217.42,"end":4217.648}]},{"text":"I'll now give the floor to members of the Council, starting with Panama, please.","start":4217.696,"end":4220.248,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'll","start":4217.696,"end":4217.859},{"text":"now","start":4217.859,"end":4217.956},{"text":"give","start":4218.005,"end":4218.168},{"text":"the","start":4218.168,"end":4218.249},{"text":"floor","start":4218.249,"end":4218.412},{"text":"to","start":4218.412,"end":4218.493},{"text":"members","start":4218.493,"end":4218.704},{"text":"of","start":4218.737,"end":4218.802},{"text":"the","start":4218.802,"end":4218.899},{"text":"Council,","start":4218.899,"end":4219.419},{"text":"starting","start":4219.484,"end":4219.842},{"text":"with","start":4219.956,"end":4220.004},{"text":"Panama,","start":4220.004,"end":4220.102},{"text":"please.","start":4220.118,"end":4220.248}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":25,"start":4233.125,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4234","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, sir.","start":4233.125,"end":4233.917,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4233.125,"end":4233.432},{"text":"you,","start":4233.432,"end":4233.513},{"text":"sir.","start":4233.529,"end":4233.917}]},{"text":"We thank the Permanent Mission of the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this meeting and their Minister of State, Her Excellency Ms. Thérèse Kayikwama Wagner, State Minister.","start":4235.032,"end":4246.866,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4235.032,"end":4235.129},{"text":"thank","start":4235.291,"end":4235.695},{"text":"the","start":4235.695,"end":4236.019},{"text":"Permanent","start":4236.099,"end":4236.39},{"text":"Mission","start":4236.407,"end":4236.681},{"text":"of","start":4236.681,"end":4236.762},{"text":"the","start":4236.827,"end":4236.924},{"text":"Democratic","start":4236.924,"end":4237.377},{"text":"Republic","start":4237.377,"end":4237.732},{"text":"of","start":4237.732,"end":4237.797},{"text":"the","start":4237.797,"end":4237.878},{"text":"Congo","start":4237.878,"end":4238.201},{"text":"for","start":4238.201,"end":4238.363},{"text":"convening","start":4238.363,"end":4238.573},{"text":"this","start":4238.605,"end":4238.734},{"text":"meeting","start":4238.832,"end":4239.139},{"text":"and","start":4239.397,"end":4239.704},{"text":"their","start":4239.737,"end":4240.238},{"text":"Minister","start":4241.111,"end":4241.37},{"text":"of","start":4241.37,"end":4241.45},{"text":"State,","start":4241.45,"end":4241.677},{"text":"Her","start":4241.693,"end":4241.838},{"text":"Excellency","start":4241.838,"end":4242.372},{"text":"Ms.","start":4242.388,"end":4242.598},{"text":"Thérèse","start":4243.132,"end":4243.504},{"text":"Kayikwama","start":4244.102,"end":4244.942},{"text":"Wagner,","start":4245.476,"end":4246.026},{"text":"State","start":4246.139,"end":4246.511},{"text":"Minister.","start":4246.511,"end":4246.866}]},{"text":"Thank you for gracing us with your presence.","start":4246.915,"end":4248.806,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4246.915,"end":4247.238},{"text":"you","start":4247.238,"end":4247.416},{"text":"for","start":4247.416,"end":4247.61},{"text":"gracing","start":4247.804,"end":4248.079},{"text":"us","start":4248.079,"end":4248.208},{"text":"with","start":4248.208,"end":4248.305},{"text":"your","start":4248.305,"end":4248.451},{"text":"presence.","start":4248.451,"end":4248.806}]},{"text":"We also thank all of the briefers for their interesting briefings.","start":4249.429,"end":4252.813,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4249.429,"end":4249.591},{"text":"also","start":4249.591,"end":4249.867},{"text":"thank","start":4249.867,"end":4250.19},{"text":"all","start":4250.19,"end":4250.271},{"text":"of","start":4250.271,"end":4250.336},{"text":"the","start":4250.336,"end":4250.417},{"text":"briefers","start":4250.417,"end":4250.87},{"text":"for","start":4250.984,"end":4251.308},{"text":"their","start":4251.308,"end":4251.648},{"text":"interesting","start":4251.874,"end":4252.328},{"text":"briefings.","start":4252.36,"end":4252.813}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":4252.91,"end":4253.429,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4252.91,"end":4253.17},{"text":"you.","start":4253.17,"end":4253.429}]},{"text":"Today, we are not meeting to discuss minerals or forests alone.","start":4254.61,"end":4260.653,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":4254.61,"end":4254.789},{"text":"we","start":4255.436,"end":4255.679},{"text":"are","start":4255.825,"end":4255.857},{"text":"not","start":4255.857,"end":4256.051},{"text":"meeting","start":4256.084,"end":4256.537},{"text":"to","start":4257.46,"end":4257.622},{"text":"discuss","start":4257.687,"end":4258.303},{"text":"minerals","start":4258.74,"end":4259.291},{"text":"or","start":4259.47,"end":4259.551},{"text":"forests","start":4259.551,"end":4260.167},{"text":"alone.","start":4260.361,"end":4260.653}]},{"text":"We are gathered here to talk about something more profound, the gap that still exists between the wealth of the land and the dignity of the people that live on it.","start":4261.674,"end":4271.728,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4261.674,"end":4261.771},{"text":"are","start":4262.306,"end":4262.404},{"text":"gathered","start":4262.404,"end":4262.695},{"text":"here","start":4262.728,"end":4262.89},{"text":"to","start":4262.89,"end":4263.036},{"text":"talk","start":4263.036,"end":4263.23},{"text":"about","start":4263.23,"end":4263.409},{"text":"something","start":4263.457,"end":4263.684},{"text":"more","start":4263.781,"end":4263.943},{"text":"profound,","start":4263.943,"end":4264.381},{"text":"the","start":4266.368,"end":4266.465},{"text":"gap","start":4266.787,"end":4267.125},{"text":"that","start":4267.189,"end":4267.302},{"text":"still","start":4267.302,"end":4267.543},{"text":"exists","start":4267.575,"end":4267.962},{"text":"between","start":4267.994,"end":4268.364},{"text":"the","start":4268.396,"end":4268.445},{"text":"wealth","start":4268.541,"end":4268.766},{"text":"of","start":4268.863,"end":4268.944},{"text":"the","start":4268.944,"end":4269.04},{"text":"land","start":4269.04,"end":4269.394},{"text":"and","start":4269.587,"end":4269.684},{"text":"the","start":4269.684,"end":4269.764},{"text":"dignity","start":4269.829,"end":4270.376},{"text":"of","start":4270.489,"end":4270.537},{"text":"the","start":4270.585,"end":4270.714},{"text":"people","start":4270.714,"end":4271.117},{"text":"that","start":4271.133,"end":4271.245},{"text":"live","start":4271.294,"end":4271.455},{"text":"on","start":4271.455,"end":4271.599},{"text":"it.","start":4271.599,"end":4271.728}]},{"text":"The Security Council has recognized time and again that the illicit exploitation of natural resources can feed conflicts, prolong violence, and weaken the authority of the state.","start":4273.29,"end":4286.13,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4273.29,"end":4273.386},{"text":"Security","start":4273.386,"end":4273.853},{"text":"Council","start":4273.853,"end":4274.32},{"text":"has","start":4274.352,"end":4274.481},{"text":"recognized","start":4274.593,"end":4275.157},{"text":"time","start":4275.157,"end":4275.366},{"text":"and","start":4275.414,"end":4275.495},{"text":"again","start":4275.495,"end":4275.849},{"text":"that","start":4276.437,"end":4276.711},{"text":"the","start":4276.759,"end":4276.952},{"text":"illicit","start":4277.097,"end":4277.516},{"text":"exploitation","start":4277.581,"end":4278.241},{"text":"of","start":4278.241,"end":4278.353},{"text":"natural","start":4278.37,"end":4278.627},{"text":"resources","start":4278.627,"end":4279.159},{"text":"can","start":4279.754,"end":4279.915},{"text":"feed","start":4279.915,"end":4280.286},{"text":"conflicts,","start":4280.302,"end":4280.994},{"text":"prolong","start":4281.832,"end":4282.057},{"text":"violence,","start":4282.17,"end":4282.766},{"text":"and","start":4284.167,"end":4284.553},{"text":"weaken","start":4284.666,"end":4284.988},{"text":"the","start":4284.988,"end":4285.149},{"text":"authority","start":4285.149,"end":4285.536},{"text":"of","start":4285.552,"end":4285.648},{"text":"the","start":4285.648,"end":4285.777},{"text":"state.","start":4285.777,"end":4286.13}]},{"text":"However, this is precisely the paradox.","start":4288.042,"end":4289.987,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4288.042,"end":4288.332},{"text":"this","start":4288.348,"end":4288.525},{"text":"is","start":4288.525,"end":4288.573},{"text":"precisely","start":4288.605,"end":4289.215},{"text":"the","start":4289.392,"end":4289.489},{"text":"paradox.","start":4289.489,"end":4289.987}]},{"text":"The council has seen the problem.","start":4290.051,"end":4292.269,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4290.051,"end":4290.131},{"text":"council","start":4290.131,"end":4290.581},{"text":"has","start":4290.614,"end":4290.822},{"text":"seen","start":4291.433,"end":4291.706},{"text":"the","start":4291.819,"end":4291.899},{"text":"problem.","start":4291.899,"end":4292.269}]},{"text":"It's identified it.","start":4292.317,"end":4293.426,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4292.317,"end":4292.542},{"text":"identified","start":4292.542,"end":4293.265},{"text":"it.","start":4293.265,"end":4293.426}]},{"text":"It's considered it on a case-by-case basis.","start":4294.213,"end":4297.411,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4294.213,"end":4294.406},{"text":"considered","start":4295.097,"end":4295.579},{"text":"it","start":4295.579,"end":4295.756},{"text":"on","start":4295.756,"end":4295.884},{"text":"a","start":4295.981,"end":4295.997},{"text":"case-by-case","start":4296.222,"end":4297.041},{"text":"basis.","start":4297.041,"end":4297.411}]},{"text":"And however, the council has not yet built a sufficiently coherent, preventive, and universal framework The idea here is to affirm a basic principle: sovereignty over natural resources must be coupled with the real ability to protect them, to administer them with transparency, and to turn them into human development.","start":4297.668,"end":4346.547,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4297.668,"end":4297.813},{"text":"however,","start":4298.07,"end":4298.552},{"text":"the","start":4299.436,"end":4299.5},{"text":"council","start":4299.516,"end":4299.773},{"text":"has","start":4299.773,"end":4299.982},{"text":"not","start":4299.998,"end":4300.127},{"text":"yet","start":4300.175,"end":4300.48},{"text":"built","start":4300.48,"end":4300.754},{"text":"a","start":4300.754,"end":4300.77},{"text":"sufficiently","start":4300.818,"end":4301.38},{"text":"coherent,","start":4301.38,"end":4301.766},{"text":"preventive,","start":4301.782,"end":4302.28},{"text":"and","start":4302.329,"end":4302.489},{"text":"universal","start":4302.489,"end":4303.196},{"text":"framework","start":4303.373,"end":4303.968},{"text":"The","start":4331.296,"end":4331.36},{"text":"idea","start":4331.376,"end":4331.649},{"text":"here","start":4331.713,"end":4331.906},{"text":"is","start":4331.938,"end":4332.002},{"text":"to","start":4332.115,"end":4332.371},{"text":"affirm","start":4333.656,"end":4334.025},{"text":"a","start":4334.105,"end":4334.121},{"text":"basic","start":4334.121,"end":4334.507},{"text":"principle:","start":4334.523,"end":4335.02},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4335.887,"end":4336.497},{"text":"over","start":4336.754,"end":4336.867},{"text":"natural","start":4336.867,"end":4337.332},{"text":"resources","start":4337.332,"end":4337.782},{"text":"must","start":4337.91,"end":4338.215},{"text":"be","start":4338.215,"end":4338.36},{"text":"coupled","start":4338.36,"end":4338.825},{"text":"with","start":4338.857,"end":4339.082},{"text":"the","start":4339.082,"end":4339.275},{"text":"real","start":4339.483,"end":4339.692},{"text":"ability","start":4340.623,"end":4341.105},{"text":"to","start":4341.169,"end":4341.265},{"text":"protect","start":4341.265,"end":4341.731},{"text":"them,","start":4341.731,"end":4341.795},{"text":"to","start":4341.908,"end":4342.164},{"text":"administer","start":4342.871,"end":4343.368},{"text":"them","start":4343.433,"end":4343.545},{"text":"with","start":4343.657,"end":4343.866},{"text":"transparency,","start":4343.898,"end":4344.492},{"text":"and","start":4344.54,"end":4344.637},{"text":"to","start":4344.637,"end":4344.797},{"text":"turn","start":4344.797,"end":4345.006},{"text":"them","start":4345.038,"end":4345.215},{"text":"into","start":4345.295,"end":4345.536},{"text":"human","start":4345.536,"end":4345.841},{"text":"development.","start":4345.841,"end":4346.547}]},{"text":"Because a natural resource is not truly a strategic one if it does not improve the quality of life of the population.","start":4347.783,"end":4354.237,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":4347.783,"end":4348.024},{"text":"a","start":4348.024,"end":4348.088},{"text":"natural","start":4348.088,"end":4348.554},{"text":"resource","start":4348.554,"end":4348.923},{"text":"is","start":4349.036,"end":4349.1},{"text":"not","start":4350.32,"end":4350.4},{"text":"truly","start":4350.48,"end":4350.818},{"text":"a","start":4350.818,"end":4350.834},{"text":"strategic","start":4350.834,"end":4351.363},{"text":"one","start":4351.379,"end":4351.492},{"text":"if","start":4351.54,"end":4351.701},{"text":"it","start":4351.701,"end":4351.765},{"text":"does","start":4351.781,"end":4351.909},{"text":"not","start":4352.006,"end":4352.134},{"text":"improve","start":4352.198,"end":4352.567},{"text":"the","start":4352.567,"end":4352.648},{"text":"quality","start":4352.648,"end":4352.985},{"text":"of","start":4352.985,"end":4353.081},{"text":"life","start":4353.129,"end":4353.258},{"text":"of","start":4353.37,"end":4353.515},{"text":"the","start":4353.547,"end":4353.627},{"text":"population.","start":4353.627,"end":4354.237}]},{"text":"It's not an energy transition if it reproduces injustices, and it is not fair trade if traceability starts too late when the harm is already done.","start":4354.606,"end":4366.09,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4354.606,"end":4356.019},{"text":"not","start":4356.035,"end":4356.356},{"text":"an","start":4356.356,"end":4356.404},{"text":"energy","start":4356.501,"end":4356.806},{"text":"transition","start":4356.838,"end":4357.528},{"text":"if","start":4357.705,"end":4357.753},{"text":"it","start":4357.801,"end":4357.897},{"text":"reproduces","start":4357.962,"end":4358.604},{"text":"injustices,","start":4358.604,"end":4359.294},{"text":"and","start":4359.326,"end":4359.406},{"text":"it","start":4359.406,"end":4359.583},{"text":"is","start":4359.583,"end":4359.695},{"text":"not","start":4359.728,"end":4360},{"text":"fair","start":4360.049,"end":4360.37},{"text":"trade","start":4360.37,"end":4360.851},{"text":"if","start":4361.24,"end":4361.289},{"text":"traceability","start":4361.483,"end":4362.278},{"text":"starts","start":4363.138,"end":4363.608},{"text":"too","start":4363.608,"end":4363.851},{"text":"late","start":4363.851,"end":4364.078},{"text":"when","start":4364.5,"end":4364.614},{"text":"the","start":4364.662,"end":4364.808},{"text":"harm","start":4364.808,"end":4365.116},{"text":"is","start":4365.376,"end":4365.441},{"text":"already","start":4365.473,"end":4365.733},{"text":"done.","start":4365.798,"end":4366.09}]},{"text":"Global demand for critical minerals is growing at a staggering pace.","start":4367.5,"end":4372.548,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Global","start":4367.5,"end":4367.679},{"text":"demand","start":4367.679,"end":4368.086},{"text":"for","start":4368.086,"end":4368.249},{"text":"critical","start":4368.265,"end":4368.688},{"text":"minerals","start":4368.688,"end":4369.21},{"text":"is","start":4370.203,"end":4370.431},{"text":"growing","start":4370.691,"end":4371.082},{"text":"at","start":4371.506,"end":4371.685},{"text":"a","start":4371.685,"end":4371.701},{"text":"staggering","start":4371.75,"end":4372.141},{"text":"pace.","start":4372.255,"end":4372.548}]},{"text":"It's being boosted by the energy transition, digitalization, and new technologies.","start":4374.622,"end":4380.678,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4374.622,"end":4374.801},{"text":"being","start":4376.083,"end":4376.376},{"text":"boosted","start":4376.652,"end":4377.074},{"text":"by","start":4377.122,"end":4377.35},{"text":"the","start":4377.366,"end":4377.561},{"text":"energy","start":4378.097,"end":4378.405},{"text":"transition,","start":4378.421,"end":4379.006},{"text":"digitalization,","start":4379.071,"end":4379.883},{"text":"and","start":4379.964,"end":4380.126},{"text":"new","start":4380.126,"end":4380.224},{"text":"technologies.","start":4380.305,"end":4380.678}]},{"text":"This could be a historic opportunity for many producer countries.","start":4381.692,"end":4387.13,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4381.692,"end":4381.965},{"text":"could","start":4381.997,"end":4382.303},{"text":"be","start":4382.4,"end":4382.609},{"text":"a","start":4382.882,"end":4383.059},{"text":"historic","start":4384.331,"end":4384.829},{"text":"opportunity","start":4384.829,"end":4385.393},{"text":"for","start":4385.393,"end":4385.521},{"text":"many","start":4385.521,"end":4385.843},{"text":"producer","start":4386.261,"end":4386.68},{"text":"countries.","start":4386.68,"end":4387.13}]},{"text":"However, it could also become a new form of insecurity if we don't act with a sense of vision.","start":4387.227,"end":4393.309,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4387.227,"end":4387.629},{"text":"it","start":4387.645,"end":4387.726},{"text":"could","start":4387.726,"end":4387.903},{"text":"also","start":4388.032,"end":4388.369},{"text":"become","start":4388.369,"end":4388.788},{"text":"a","start":4389.159,"end":4389.192},{"text":"new","start":4389.192,"end":4389.502},{"text":"form","start":4389.845,"end":4390.172},{"text":"of","start":4390.385,"end":4390.532},{"text":"insecurity","start":4390.646,"end":4391.43},{"text":"if","start":4391.692,"end":4391.79},{"text":"we","start":4391.79,"end":4391.872},{"text":"don't","start":4391.872,"end":4392.149},{"text":"act","start":4392.264,"end":4392.443},{"text":"with","start":4392.443,"end":4392.607},{"text":"a","start":4392.607,"end":4392.639},{"text":"sense","start":4392.672,"end":4392.95},{"text":"of","start":4392.95,"end":4393.015},{"text":"vision.","start":4393.015,"end":4393.309}]},{"text":"That's why we believe that a normative— future normative framework must be based on 4 simple but powerful ideas.","start":4395.7,"end":4403.542,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":4395.7,"end":4395.813},{"text":"why","start":4395.813,"end":4395.926},{"text":"we","start":4396.201,"end":4396.298},{"text":"believe","start":4396.298,"end":4396.751},{"text":"that","start":4396.783,"end":4396.928},{"text":"a","start":4397.413,"end":4397.543},{"text":"normative—","start":4398.238,"end":4398.642},{"text":"future","start":4398.642,"end":4398.966},{"text":"normative","start":4399.192,"end":4399.613},{"text":"framework","start":4399.613,"end":4400.114},{"text":"must","start":4400.259,"end":4400.825},{"text":"be","start":4401.052,"end":4401.149},{"text":"based","start":4401.149,"end":4401.537},{"text":"on","start":4401.553,"end":4401.601},{"text":"4","start":4401.698,"end":4401.892},{"text":"simple","start":4401.892,"end":4402.264},{"text":"but","start":4402.28,"end":4402.41},{"text":"powerful","start":4402.426,"end":4403.04},{"text":"ideas.","start":4403.089,"end":4403.542}]},{"text":"One, prevention.","start":4404.043,"end":4404.819,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"One,","start":4404.043,"end":4404.188},{"text":"prevention.","start":4404.285,"end":4404.819}]},{"text":"The Security Council cannot wait for a resource to start to fund a war to act on it.","start":4405.191,"end":4411.484,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4405.191,"end":4405.24},{"text":"Security","start":4405.24,"end":4405.675},{"text":"Council","start":4405.675,"end":4406.111},{"text":"cannot","start":4406.627,"end":4406.837},{"text":"wait","start":4406.966,"end":4407.16},{"text":"for","start":4408.031,"end":4408.435},{"text":"a","start":4408.967,"end":4409.064},{"text":"resource","start":4409.145,"end":4409.532},{"text":"to","start":4409.532,"end":4409.58},{"text":"start","start":4409.629,"end":4409.935},{"text":"to","start":4409.935,"end":4409.984},{"text":"fund","start":4410.016,"end":4410.29},{"text":"a","start":4410.29,"end":4410.419},{"text":"war","start":4410.419,"end":4410.532},{"text":"to","start":4410.597,"end":4410.742},{"text":"act","start":4410.823,"end":4411.081},{"text":"on","start":4411.081,"end":4411.194},{"text":"it.","start":4411.226,"end":4411.484}]},{"text":"Information from experts, groups, peacekeeping operations, regional operations, and local communities can identify risks before they become— before they turn into a crisis.","start":4412.533,"end":4425.674,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Information","start":4412.533,"end":4413.147},{"text":"from","start":4413.179,"end":4413.534},{"text":"experts,","start":4413.582,"end":4414.034},{"text":"groups,","start":4414.131,"end":4414.518},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":4414.882,"end":4415.491},{"text":"operations,","start":4415.588,"end":4416.213},{"text":"regional","start":4416.309,"end":4416.646},{"text":"operations,","start":4416.646,"end":4417.255},{"text":"and","start":4417.303,"end":4417.432},{"text":"local","start":4417.432,"end":4417.768},{"text":"communities","start":4417.768,"end":4418.378},{"text":"can","start":4419.677,"end":4419.805},{"text":"identify","start":4420.094,"end":4420.687},{"text":"risks","start":4421.36,"end":4421.777},{"text":"before","start":4421.777,"end":4422.178},{"text":"they","start":4422.178,"end":4422.483},{"text":"become—","start":4423.06,"end":4423.349},{"text":"before","start":4424.247,"end":4424.504},{"text":"they","start":4424.504,"end":4424.728},{"text":"turn","start":4424.728,"end":4424.969},{"text":"into","start":4424.969,"end":4425.145},{"text":"a","start":4425.145,"end":4425.225},{"text":"crisis.","start":4425.225,"end":4425.674}]},{"text":"Second, traceability.","start":4426.508,"end":4427.55,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4426.508,"end":4426.925},{"text":"traceability.","start":4427.069,"end":4427.55}]},{"text":"It's not enough to just know where a resource comes from, what its origin is.","start":4427.695,"end":4432.169,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4427.695,"end":4427.951},{"text":"not","start":4427.951,"end":4428.192},{"text":"enough","start":4428.192,"end":4428.497},{"text":"to","start":4428.497,"end":4428.753},{"text":"just","start":4428.833,"end":4429.186},{"text":"know","start":4429.795,"end":4429.876},{"text":"where","start":4429.956,"end":4430.132},{"text":"a","start":4430.196,"end":4430.26},{"text":"resource","start":4430.26,"end":4430.549},{"text":"comes","start":4430.661,"end":4431.046},{"text":"from,","start":4431.062,"end":4431.271},{"text":"what","start":4431.319,"end":4431.431},{"text":"its","start":4431.495,"end":4431.591},{"text":"origin","start":4431.704,"end":4431.992},{"text":"is.","start":4432.04,"end":4432.169}]},{"text":"We must be able to determine if its extraction funded violence, if it weakened institutions, or if it contributed to sustainable development.","start":4432.281,"end":4441.261,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4432.281,"end":4432.377},{"text":"must","start":4432.377,"end":4432.842},{"text":"be","start":4432.842,"end":4432.906},{"text":"able","start":4432.922,"end":4433.147},{"text":"to","start":4433.147,"end":4433.243},{"text":"determine","start":4433.243,"end":4433.756},{"text":"if","start":4434.35,"end":4434.398},{"text":"its","start":4434.767,"end":4434.911},{"text":"extraction","start":4434.911,"end":4435.376},{"text":"funded","start":4435.488,"end":4435.825},{"text":"violence,","start":4435.873,"end":4436.354},{"text":"if","start":4436.37,"end":4436.466},{"text":"it","start":4436.466,"end":4436.547},{"text":"weakened","start":4436.691,"end":4437.092},{"text":"institutions,","start":4437.092,"end":4437.749},{"text":"or","start":4437.797,"end":4437.83},{"text":"if","start":4437.83,"end":4437.99},{"text":"it","start":4437.99,"end":4438.182},{"text":"contributed","start":4438.359,"end":4439.08},{"text":"to","start":4439.722,"end":4439.978},{"text":"sustainable","start":4440.155,"end":4440.636},{"text":"development.","start":4440.636,"end":4441.261}]},{"text":"3, shared responsibility.","start":4443.1,"end":4445.353,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"3,","start":4443.1,"end":4443.309},{"text":"shared","start":4444.242,"end":4444.468},{"text":"responsibility.","start":4444.484,"end":4445.353}]},{"text":"Companies, refiners, middlemen, purchasers, financial institutions, and consumers must also respond for the integrity of value chains.","start":4445.691,"end":4458.624,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Companies,","start":4445.691,"end":4446.078},{"text":"refiners,","start":4446.11,"end":4446.641},{"text":"middlemen,","start":4449.426,"end":4450.022},{"text":"purchasers,","start":4450.199,"end":4450.827},{"text":"financial","start":4450.923,"end":4451.342},{"text":"institutions,","start":4451.342,"end":4452.194},{"text":"and","start":4452.226,"end":4452.467},{"text":"consumers","start":4452.467,"end":4452.997},{"text":"must","start":4454.058,"end":4454.299},{"text":"also","start":4454.299,"end":4454.557},{"text":"respond","start":4454.637,"end":4455.36},{"text":"for","start":4456.389,"end":4456.711},{"text":"the","start":4456.711,"end":4456.92},{"text":"integrity","start":4457.048,"end":4457.739},{"text":"of","start":4457.755,"end":4457.852},{"text":"value","start":4457.852,"end":4458.173},{"text":"chains.","start":4458.173,"end":4458.624}]},{"text":"4th, legitimate governance and equity.","start":4460.27,"end":4462.333,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"4th,","start":4460.27,"end":4460.431},{"text":"legitimate","start":4460.608,"end":4461.188},{"text":"governance","start":4461.188,"end":4461.672},{"text":"and","start":4461.672,"end":4461.753},{"text":"equity.","start":4461.817,"end":4462.333}]},{"text":"International standards must not become barriers that exclude small producers Or states with limited capacities.","start":4463.188,"end":4470.716,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":4463.188,"end":4463.704},{"text":"standards","start":4463.704,"end":4464.348},{"text":"must","start":4464.574,"end":4464.816},{"text":"not","start":4464.881,"end":4465.445},{"text":"become","start":4465.703,"end":4465.912},{"text":"barriers","start":4466.025,"end":4466.477},{"text":"that","start":4466.589,"end":4466.767},{"text":"exclude","start":4466.767,"end":4467.299},{"text":"small","start":4467.299,"end":4467.605},{"text":"producers","start":4467.637,"end":4468.169},{"text":"Or","start":4468.97,"end":4469.003},{"text":"states","start":4469.003,"end":4469.406},{"text":"with","start":4469.406,"end":4469.641},{"text":"limited","start":4469.641,"end":4470.044},{"text":"capacities.","start":4470.078,"end":4470.716}]},{"text":"If we demand compliance, we must couple it with technical assistance, financing, and fair access to markets.","start":4472.546,"end":4481.846,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":4472.546,"end":4472.626},{"text":"we","start":4472.626,"end":4472.836},{"text":"demand","start":4473.271,"end":4473.706},{"text":"compliance,","start":4473.835,"end":4474.496},{"text":"we","start":4474.657,"end":4474.754},{"text":"must","start":4474.754,"end":4475.382},{"text":"couple","start":4475.544,"end":4475.866},{"text":"it","start":4475.866,"end":4475.979},{"text":"with","start":4476.334,"end":4476.462},{"text":"technical","start":4476.495,"end":4476.898},{"text":"assistance,","start":4476.914,"end":4477.526},{"text":"financing,","start":4479.557,"end":4480.186},{"text":"and","start":4480.524,"end":4480.605},{"text":"fair","start":4480.686,"end":4480.96},{"text":"access","start":4481.008,"end":4481.379},{"text":"to","start":4481.491,"end":4481.572},{"text":"markets.","start":4481.572,"end":4481.846}]},{"text":"Excellencies, the experience of the Council offers up useful precedents.","start":4483.61,"end":4487.948,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":4483.61,"end":4484.172},{"text":"the","start":4484.429,"end":4484.493},{"text":"experience","start":4484.509,"end":4485.184},{"text":"of","start":4485.184,"end":4485.248},{"text":"the","start":4485.248,"end":4485.329},{"text":"Council","start":4485.329,"end":4485.795},{"text":"offers","start":4486.357,"end":4486.582},{"text":"up","start":4486.678,"end":4486.855},{"text":"useful","start":4487,"end":4487.337},{"text":"precedents.","start":4487.337,"end":4487.948}]},{"text":"Resolution 2417 of 2018 on conflict and hunger.","start":4489.008,"end":4492.961,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Resolution","start":4489.008,"end":4489.506},{"text":"2417","start":4489.506,"end":4490.567},{"text":"of","start":4490.567,"end":4490.647},{"text":"2018","start":4490.695,"end":4491.482},{"text":"on","start":4491.74,"end":4491.884},{"text":"conflict","start":4491.916,"end":4492.398},{"text":"and","start":4492.398,"end":4492.463},{"text":"hunger.","start":4492.479,"end":4492.961}]},{"text":"was an inflection point, recognizing that a concern that was traditionally considered to be a humanitarian one had profound implications for international peace and security, also including independent follow-up mechanisms and periodic information.","start":4496.253,"end":4515.852,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"was","start":4496.253,"end":4496.479},{"text":"an","start":4496.817,"end":4496.882},{"text":"inflection","start":4497.156,"end":4497.688},{"text":"point,","start":4497.801,"end":4498.205},{"text":"recognizing","start":4498.366,"end":4499.06},{"text":"that","start":4499.721,"end":4499.882},{"text":"a","start":4500.205,"end":4500.221},{"text":"concern","start":4500.689,"end":4501.157},{"text":"that","start":4501.334,"end":4501.511},{"text":"was","start":4501.673,"end":4501.802},{"text":"traditionally","start":4501.818,"end":4502.399},{"text":"considered","start":4502.399,"end":4502.802},{"text":"to","start":4502.802,"end":4502.883},{"text":"be","start":4502.883,"end":4502.963},{"text":"a","start":4502.963,"end":4503.044},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4503.044,"end":4503.738},{"text":"one","start":4503.77,"end":4503.899},{"text":"had","start":4503.98,"end":4504.174},{"text":"profound","start":4504.335,"end":4504.886},{"text":"implications","start":4504.886,"end":4505.759},{"text":"for","start":4505.856,"end":4506.051},{"text":"international","start":4506.115,"end":4506.601},{"text":"peace","start":4506.601,"end":4506.843},{"text":"and","start":4506.843,"end":4506.908},{"text":"security,","start":4506.924,"end":4507.539},{"text":"also","start":4510.71,"end":4510.937},{"text":"including","start":4510.953,"end":4511.422},{"text":"independent","start":4512.167,"end":4512.992},{"text":"follow-up","start":4513.474,"end":4513.876},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4513.876,"end":4514.567},{"text":"and","start":4514.743,"end":4514.824},{"text":"periodic","start":4514.824,"end":4515.338},{"text":"information.","start":4515.338,"end":4515.852}]},{"text":"Today we face a similar challenge: the illicit exploitation and lacking of governance over natural resources can no longer only be addressed through country-by-country specific responses.","start":4516.672,"end":4530.998,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Today","start":4516.672,"end":4516.849},{"text":"we","start":4516.929,"end":4517.01},{"text":"face","start":4517.026,"end":4517.283},{"text":"a","start":4517.588,"end":4517.604},{"text":"similar","start":4517.652,"end":4517.974},{"text":"challenge:","start":4517.974,"end":4518.536},{"text":"the","start":4519.083,"end":4519.163},{"text":"illicit","start":4519.163,"end":4519.517},{"text":"exploitation","start":4519.581,"end":4520.384},{"text":"and","start":4520.384,"end":4520.69},{"text":"lacking","start":4521.188,"end":4521.558},{"text":"of","start":4521.734,"end":4521.879},{"text":"governance","start":4521.97,"end":4522.486},{"text":"over","start":4522.486,"end":4522.808},{"text":"natural","start":4522.808,"end":4523.163},{"text":"resources","start":4523.163,"end":4523.663},{"text":"can","start":4523.695,"end":4523.905},{"text":"no","start":4524.485,"end":4524.646},{"text":"longer","start":4524.662,"end":4525.146},{"text":"only","start":4525.453,"end":4525.63},{"text":"be","start":4525.63,"end":4525.775},{"text":"addressed","start":4525.775,"end":4526.452},{"text":"through","start":4526.517,"end":4526.855},{"text":"country-by-country","start":4528.532,"end":4529.71},{"text":"specific","start":4529.71,"end":4530.321},{"text":"responses.","start":4530.386,"end":4530.998}]},{"text":"What they require is a preventive vision, a cross-cutting and sustained vision that enables the Council to act before illicit economies feed new cycles of violence.","start":4532.157,"end":4542.076,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"What","start":4532.157,"end":4532.254},{"text":"they","start":4532.254,"end":4532.463},{"text":"require","start":4532.544,"end":4533.075},{"text":"is","start":4533.43,"end":4533.494},{"text":"a","start":4533.671,"end":4533.768},{"text":"preventive","start":4533.768,"end":4534.315},{"text":"vision,","start":4534.315,"end":4534.605},{"text":"a","start":4534.911,"end":4534.927},{"text":"cross-cutting","start":4534.976,"end":4535.733},{"text":"and","start":4535.926,"end":4535.99},{"text":"sustained","start":4536.022,"end":4536.586},{"text":"vision","start":4536.586,"end":4537.037},{"text":"that","start":4537.456,"end":4537.617},{"text":"enables","start":4537.617,"end":4537.923},{"text":"the","start":4537.939,"end":4538.035},{"text":"Council","start":4538.035,"end":4538.502},{"text":"to","start":4538.502,"end":4538.728},{"text":"act","start":4538.825,"end":4538.953},{"text":"before","start":4539.002,"end":4539.503},{"text":"illicit","start":4539.649,"end":4539.973},{"text":"economies","start":4539.973,"end":4540.426},{"text":"feed","start":4540.539,"end":4540.863},{"text":"new","start":4540.863,"end":4540.96},{"text":"cycles","start":4541.041,"end":4541.477},{"text":"of","start":4541.526,"end":4541.575},{"text":"violence.","start":4541.575,"end":4542.076}]},{"text":"We don't need to be duplicating what already exists.","start":4543.209,"end":4545.7,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4543.209,"end":4543.468},{"text":"don't","start":4543.597,"end":4543.807},{"text":"need","start":4543.807,"end":4543.937},{"text":"to","start":4543.937,"end":4544.034},{"text":"be","start":4544.034,"end":4544.244},{"text":"duplicating","start":4544.244,"end":4544.827},{"text":"what","start":4544.827,"end":4545.005},{"text":"already","start":4545.005,"end":4545.28},{"text":"exists.","start":4545.296,"end":4545.7}]},{"text":"We just need to link it all up.","start":4545.781,"end":4547.885,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4545.781,"end":4545.862},{"text":"just","start":4545.862,"end":4546.04},{"text":"need","start":4546.04,"end":4546.218},{"text":"to","start":4546.218,"end":4546.493},{"text":"link","start":4547.076,"end":4547.351},{"text":"it","start":4547.351,"end":4547.496},{"text":"all","start":4547.561,"end":4547.61},{"text":"up.","start":4547.739,"end":4547.885}]},{"text":"Linking the work of sanctions committees to development agendas, connecting the security of supply chains to security for communities, and connecting sovereignty with responsibility and peace with the real economy.","start":4549.136,"end":4564.919,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Linking","start":4549.136,"end":4549.505},{"text":"the","start":4549.537,"end":4549.633},{"text":"work","start":4549.681,"end":4549.954},{"text":"of","start":4549.954,"end":4550.067},{"text":"sanctions","start":4550.099,"end":4550.789},{"text":"committees","start":4550.821,"end":4551.271},{"text":"to","start":4551.383,"end":4551.48},{"text":"development","start":4551.56,"end":4552.202},{"text":"agendas,","start":4552.202,"end":4552.716},{"text":"connecting","start":4553.246,"end":4553.679},{"text":"the","start":4554.033,"end":4554.097},{"text":"security","start":4554.097,"end":4554.643},{"text":"of","start":4554.755,"end":4554.803},{"text":"supply","start":4554.835,"end":4555.237},{"text":"chains","start":4555.237,"end":4555.558},{"text":"to","start":4555.638,"end":4555.735},{"text":"security","start":4556.666,"end":4557.148},{"text":"for","start":4557.164,"end":4557.244},{"text":"communities,","start":4557.244,"end":4557.854},{"text":"and","start":4557.902,"end":4558.239},{"text":"connecting","start":4558.239,"end":4558.544},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4558.544,"end":4559.251},{"text":"with","start":4560.439,"end":4560.776},{"text":"responsibility","start":4562.205,"end":4563.152},{"text":"and","start":4563.506,"end":4563.57},{"text":"peace","start":4563.666,"end":4563.987},{"text":"with","start":4564.052,"end":4564.148},{"text":"the","start":4564.148,"end":4564.228},{"text":"real","start":4564.228,"end":4564.405},{"text":"economy.","start":4564.405,"end":4564.919}]},{"text":"And we are talking from the point of view of our national identity.","start":4565.593,"end":4568.258,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4565.593,"end":4565.882},{"text":"we","start":4565.898,"end":4565.994},{"text":"are","start":4565.994,"end":4566.075},{"text":"talking","start":4566.075,"end":4566.444},{"text":"from","start":4566.556,"end":4566.701},{"text":"the","start":4566.701,"end":4566.797},{"text":"point","start":4566.797,"end":4566.974},{"text":"of","start":4566.974,"end":4567.038},{"text":"view","start":4567.038,"end":4567.183},{"text":"of","start":4567.183,"end":4567.231},{"text":"our","start":4567.279,"end":4567.359},{"text":"national","start":4567.359,"end":4567.696},{"text":"identity.","start":4567.745,"end":4568.258}]},{"text":"We're a small country, but we're profoundly connected to world trade.","start":4568.323,"end":4573.589,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":4568.323,"end":4568.483},{"text":"a","start":4568.483,"end":4568.499},{"text":"small","start":4568.499,"end":4568.756},{"text":"country,","start":4568.804,"end":4569.174},{"text":"but","start":4569.206,"end":4569.366},{"text":"we're","start":4569.366,"end":4570.474},{"text":"profoundly","start":4570.57,"end":4571.261},{"text":"connected","start":4571.614,"end":4572.144},{"text":"to","start":4572.176,"end":4572.337},{"text":"world","start":4572.882,"end":4573.188},{"text":"trade.","start":4573.204,"end":4573.589}]},{"text":"Given that a huge amount of global logistics pass through our national territory, we know that supply chains are not abstract concepts.","start":4574.023,"end":4583.318,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":4574.023,"end":4574.232},{"text":"that","start":4574.971,"end":4575.26},{"text":"a","start":4577.093,"end":4577.109},{"text":"huge","start":4577.157,"end":4577.366},{"text":"amount","start":4577.414,"end":4577.784},{"text":"of","start":4577.784,"end":4577.864},{"text":"global","start":4577.864,"end":4578.105},{"text":"logistics","start":4578.105,"end":4578.845},{"text":"pass","start":4578.845,"end":4579.038},{"text":"through","start":4579.166,"end":4579.343},{"text":"our","start":4579.343,"end":4579.407},{"text":"national","start":4579.423,"end":4579.777},{"text":"territory,","start":4579.89,"end":4580.356},{"text":"we","start":4580.436,"end":4580.532},{"text":"know","start":4580.532,"end":4580.774},{"text":"that","start":4580.774,"end":4580.886},{"text":"supply","start":4580.918,"end":4581.32},{"text":"chains","start":4581.32,"end":4581.625},{"text":"are","start":4581.722,"end":4581.754},{"text":"not","start":4581.754,"end":4581.995},{"text":"abstract","start":4582.124,"end":4582.542},{"text":"concepts.","start":4582.542,"end":4583.318}]},{"text":"They are roads, ports, banks, companies, and we know that when a global supply chain does not have transparency, geographic distance can become moral distance.","start":4583.366,"end":4595.035,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":4583.366,"end":4583.512},{"text":"are","start":4583.512,"end":4583.689},{"text":"roads,","start":4583.899,"end":4584.158},{"text":"ports,","start":4584.239,"end":4584.546},{"text":"banks,","start":4584.562,"end":4584.885},{"text":"companies,","start":4584.95,"end":4585.338},{"text":"and","start":4585.451,"end":4585.532},{"text":"we","start":4585.532,"end":4585.613},{"text":"know","start":4585.613,"end":4585.839},{"text":"that","start":4585.855,"end":4586.017},{"text":"when","start":4586.017,"end":4586.146},{"text":"a","start":4588.279,"end":4588.328},{"text":"global","start":4588.36,"end":4588.748},{"text":"supply","start":4588.861,"end":4589.249},{"text":"chain","start":4589.249,"end":4589.459},{"text":"does","start":4589.556,"end":4589.653},{"text":"not","start":4589.718,"end":4589.847},{"text":"have","start":4589.879,"end":4590.008},{"text":"transparency,","start":4590.041,"end":4590.477},{"text":"geographic","start":4591.364,"end":4592.089},{"text":"distance","start":4592.089,"end":4592.749},{"text":"can","start":4592.894,"end":4593.103},{"text":"become","start":4593.216,"end":4593.666},{"text":"moral","start":4594.165,"end":4594.455},{"text":"distance.","start":4594.568,"end":4595.035}]},{"text":"What is extracted from a remote mine can end up in a mobile phone, an electric vehicle, a turbine, or a battery, useful products that make our lives easier.","start":4595.872,"end":4612.782,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"What","start":4595.872,"end":4596.113},{"text":"is","start":4596.113,"end":4596.162},{"text":"extracted","start":4596.258,"end":4596.757},{"text":"from","start":4596.757,"end":4596.934},{"text":"a","start":4596.934,"end":4597.079},{"text":"remote","start":4597.079,"end":4597.546},{"text":"mine","start":4597.546,"end":4597.933},{"text":"can","start":4598.754,"end":4599.06},{"text":"end","start":4599.557,"end":4599.639},{"text":"up","start":4599.883,"end":4600.062},{"text":"in","start":4600.127,"end":4600.176},{"text":"a","start":4600.224,"end":4600.404},{"text":"mobile","start":4600.859,"end":4601.282},{"text":"phone,","start":4601.282,"end":4601.738},{"text":"an","start":4602.324,"end":4602.471},{"text":"electric","start":4602.747,"end":4603.154},{"text":"vehicle,","start":4603.154,"end":4603.61},{"text":"a","start":4605.97,"end":4606.018},{"text":"turbine,","start":4606.195,"end":4606.725},{"text":"or","start":4606.982,"end":4607.078},{"text":"a","start":4607.078,"end":4607.159},{"text":"battery,","start":4607.159,"end":4607.609},{"text":"useful","start":4607.962,"end":4608.251},{"text":"products","start":4608.284,"end":4608.766},{"text":"that","start":4608.766,"end":4608.91},{"text":"make","start":4611.818,"end":4612.059},{"text":"our","start":4612.059,"end":4612.14},{"text":"lives","start":4612.14,"end":4612.397},{"text":"easier.","start":4612.445,"end":4612.782}]},{"text":"But the question is whether this wealth can also contribute to development, a school, a hospital, a more safe community, and a more legitimate state.","start":4612.943,"end":4622.41,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":4612.943,"end":4613.04},{"text":"the","start":4613.04,"end":4613.168},{"text":"question","start":4613.168,"end":4613.634},{"text":"is","start":4614.052,"end":4614.277},{"text":"whether","start":4614.55,"end":4614.775},{"text":"this","start":4614.775,"end":4614.952},{"text":"wealth","start":4614.952,"end":4615.241},{"text":"can","start":4615.514,"end":4615.675},{"text":"also","start":4615.675,"end":4616.061},{"text":"contribute","start":4616.72,"end":4617.186},{"text":"to","start":4617.186,"end":4617.282},{"text":"development,","start":4617.282,"end":4617.925},{"text":"a","start":4618.745,"end":4618.761},{"text":"school,","start":4618.794,"end":4619.002},{"text":"a","start":4619.131,"end":4619.195},{"text":"hospital,","start":4619.195,"end":4619.678},{"text":"a","start":4620.096,"end":4620.176},{"text":"more","start":4620.176,"end":4620.353},{"text":"safe","start":4620.353,"end":4620.674},{"text":"community,","start":4620.674,"end":4621.269},{"text":"and","start":4621.462,"end":4621.526},{"text":"a","start":4621.526,"end":4621.542},{"text":"more","start":4621.542,"end":4621.655},{"text":"legitimate","start":4621.655,"end":4622.057},{"text":"state.","start":4622.057,"end":4622.41}]},{"text":"This is the question and we must think about it because peace cannot only be built by silencing arms.","start":4622.587,"end":4629.567,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4622.587,"end":4622.764},{"text":"is","start":4622.764,"end":4622.828},{"text":"the","start":4622.828,"end":4622.909},{"text":"question","start":4622.909,"end":4623.359},{"text":"and","start":4624.113,"end":4624.344},{"text":"we","start":4624.459,"end":4624.723},{"text":"must","start":4624.772,"end":4625.036},{"text":"think","start":4625.036,"end":4625.217},{"text":"about","start":4625.217,"end":4625.465},{"text":"it","start":4625.547,"end":4625.679},{"text":"because","start":4625.679,"end":4625.91},{"text":"peace","start":4625.943,"end":4626.141},{"text":"cannot","start":4626.363,"end":4626.638},{"text":"only","start":4626.913,"end":4627.14},{"text":"be","start":4627.819,"end":4627.981},{"text":"built","start":4627.981,"end":4628.256},{"text":"by","start":4628.369,"end":4628.499},{"text":"silencing","start":4628.564,"end":4629.162},{"text":"arms.","start":4629.162,"end":4629.567}]},{"text":"It must also be built closing the economies that feed it.","start":4632.288,"end":4636.551,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4632.288,"end":4632.45},{"text":"must","start":4632.45,"end":4632.678},{"text":"also","start":4632.678,"end":4632.857},{"text":"be","start":4632.922,"end":4633.02},{"text":"built","start":4633.02,"end":4633.443},{"text":"closing","start":4634.484,"end":4634.94},{"text":"the","start":4635.217,"end":4635.461},{"text":"economies","start":4635.461,"end":4635.998},{"text":"that","start":4636.014,"end":4636.128},{"text":"feed","start":4636.177,"end":4636.437},{"text":"it.","start":4636.437,"end":4636.551}]},{"text":"President, our country recognizes the leadership of the DRC opening up this debate from an honest, brave, and necessary perspective.","start":4640.514,"end":4648.979,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":4640.514,"end":4641.014},{"text":"our","start":4641.062,"end":4641.159},{"text":"country","start":4641.159,"end":4641.45},{"text":"recognizes","start":4641.482,"end":4642.176},{"text":"the","start":4642.273,"end":4642.354},{"text":"leadership","start":4642.354,"end":4642.79},{"text":"of","start":4642.854,"end":4642.999},{"text":"the","start":4642.999,"end":4643.08},{"text":"DRC","start":4643.08,"end":4643.564},{"text":"opening","start":4644.065,"end":4644.323},{"text":"up","start":4644.371,"end":4644.468},{"text":"this","start":4644.484,"end":4644.597},{"text":"debate","start":4644.63,"end":4645.049},{"text":"from","start":4645.049,"end":4645.307},{"text":"an","start":4645.598,"end":4645.646},{"text":"honest,","start":4645.84,"end":4646.324},{"text":"brave,","start":4646.808,"end":4647.18},{"text":"and","start":4647.212,"end":4647.454},{"text":"necessary","start":4647.777,"end":4648.342},{"text":"perspective.","start":4648.342,"end":4648.979}]},{"text":"And this is not an issue that is comfortable to deal with.","start":4649.077,"end":4653.064,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4649.077,"end":4649.208},{"text":"this","start":4649.584,"end":4649.698},{"text":"is","start":4649.796,"end":4649.862},{"text":"not","start":4649.894,"end":4650.238},{"text":"an","start":4650.532,"end":4651.005},{"text":"issue","start":4651.43,"end":4651.659},{"text":"that","start":4651.692,"end":4651.937},{"text":"is","start":4651.937,"end":4652.002},{"text":"comfortable","start":4652.018,"end":4652.59},{"text":"to","start":4652.59,"end":4652.737},{"text":"deal","start":4652.737,"end":4652.868},{"text":"with.","start":4652.982,"end":4653.064}]},{"text":"However, that is precisely why it's important.","start":4653.25,"end":4656.099,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4653.25,"end":4653.716},{"text":"that","start":4653.781,"end":4653.974},{"text":"is","start":4654.022,"end":4654.376},{"text":"precisely","start":4654.715,"end":4655.198},{"text":"why","start":4655.198,"end":4655.31},{"text":"it's","start":4655.31,"end":4655.455},{"text":"important.","start":4655.455,"end":4656.099}]},{"text":"The Security Council must have the ability to look where others prefer not to look, not only at armed actors but also the economies that support them, not only visible crises but also the structures that make these crises profitable.","start":4656.26,"end":4671.939,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4656.26,"end":4656.357},{"text":"Security","start":4656.357,"end":4656.711},{"text":"Council","start":4656.743,"end":4657.194},{"text":"must","start":4657.789,"end":4658.24},{"text":"have","start":4658.498,"end":4658.594},{"text":"the","start":4658.594,"end":4658.675},{"text":"ability","start":4658.675,"end":4659.126},{"text":"to","start":4659.158,"end":4659.254},{"text":"look","start":4659.399,"end":4659.705},{"text":"where","start":4660.043,"end":4660.349},{"text":"others","start":4660.349,"end":4660.575},{"text":"prefer","start":4660.607,"end":4660.864},{"text":"not","start":4660.929,"end":4661.122},{"text":"to","start":4661.17,"end":4661.299},{"text":"look,","start":4661.315,"end":4661.637},{"text":"not","start":4662.458,"end":4662.7},{"text":"only","start":4662.764,"end":4662.941},{"text":"at","start":4663.022,"end":4663.182},{"text":"armed","start":4663.327,"end":4663.745},{"text":"actors","start":4664.211,"end":4664.516},{"text":"but","start":4664.548,"end":4664.725},{"text":"also","start":4664.773,"end":4664.966},{"text":"the","start":4664.966,"end":4665.094},{"text":"economies","start":4665.094,"end":4665.56},{"text":"that","start":4665.592,"end":4665.673},{"text":"support","start":4665.673,"end":4666.026},{"text":"them,","start":4666.058,"end":4666.203},{"text":"not","start":4666.621,"end":4666.797},{"text":"only","start":4666.797,"end":4667.006},{"text":"visible","start":4667.183,"end":4667.44},{"text":"crises","start":4667.44,"end":4667.89},{"text":"but","start":4667.986,"end":4668.147},{"text":"also","start":4668.147,"end":4668.468},{"text":"the","start":4668.468,"end":4668.565},{"text":"structures","start":4668.565,"end":4669.175},{"text":"that","start":4669.449,"end":4669.706},{"text":"make","start":4669.706,"end":4670.107},{"text":"these","start":4670.316,"end":4670.461},{"text":"crises","start":4670.573,"end":4671.264},{"text":"profitable.","start":4671.377,"end":4671.939}]},{"text":"Let us let this be the beginning of a new form of understanding security where Natural wealth is not a synonym of fragility, but of shared dignity.","start":4674.01,"end":4685.279,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":4674.01,"end":4674.122},{"text":"us","start":4674.187,"end":4674.235},{"text":"let","start":4675.154,"end":4675.347},{"text":"this","start":4675.347,"end":4675.46},{"text":"be","start":4675.573,"end":4675.798},{"text":"the","start":4675.798,"end":4675.879},{"text":"beginning","start":4675.879,"end":4676.185},{"text":"of","start":4676.233,"end":4676.378},{"text":"a","start":4676.378,"end":4676.394},{"text":"new","start":4676.394,"end":4676.862},{"text":"form","start":4676.862,"end":4677.2},{"text":"of","start":4677.2,"end":4677.394},{"text":"understanding","start":4678.312,"end":4678.812},{"text":"security","start":4678.812,"end":4679.408},{"text":"where","start":4679.44,"end":4681.551},{"text":"Natural","start":4679.892,"end":4680.28},{"text":"wealth","start":4680.28,"end":4680.507},{"text":"is","start":4680.555,"end":4680.668},{"text":"not","start":4680.701,"end":4681.057},{"text":"a","start":4681.332,"end":4681.51},{"text":"synonym","start":4681.51,"end":4683.176},{"text":"of","start":4683.208,"end":4683.289},{"text":"fragility,","start":4683.289,"end":4683.904},{"text":"but","start":4684.001,"end":4684.244},{"text":"of","start":4684.325,"end":4684.39},{"text":"shared","start":4684.487,"end":4684.794},{"text":"dignity.","start":4684.843,"end":4685.279}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":4685.538,"end":4686.218,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4685.538,"end":4685.716},{"text":"you","start":4685.716,"end":4685.797},{"text":"very","start":4685.797,"end":4685.959},{"text":"much.","start":4685.975,"end":4686.218}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PAN","affiliation_full":"Panama","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":26,"start":4686.687,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4687","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The President thanks Panama and now gives the floor to China, who will be followed by the United Kingdom.","start":4686.687,"end":4691.336,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4686.687,"end":4686.832},{"text":"President","start":4686.832,"end":4687.334},{"text":"thanks","start":4687.334,"end":4687.577},{"text":"Panama","start":4687.577,"end":4687.916},{"text":"and","start":4688.143,"end":4688.208},{"text":"now","start":4688.224,"end":4688.305},{"text":"gives","start":4688.45,"end":4688.596},{"text":"the","start":4688.612,"end":4688.661},{"text":"floor","start":4688.709,"end":4688.92},{"text":"to","start":4688.92,"end":4689.036},{"text":"China,","start":4689.203,"end":4689.686},{"text":"who","start":4689.703,"end":4689.853},{"text":"will","start":4689.853,"end":4689.986},{"text":"be","start":4690.036,"end":4690.12},{"text":"followed","start":4690.12,"end":4690.453},{"text":"by","start":4690.453,"end":4690.536},{"text":"the","start":4690.536,"end":4690.636},{"text":"United","start":4690.636,"end":4691.036},{"text":"Kingdom.","start":4691.036,"end":4691.336}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":27,"start":4701.155,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4702","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"President, I welcome the presence of Her Excellency Foreign Minister Cai Yuanba Thank you, Madam Chair, and thank her for convening today's meeting.","start":4701.155,"end":4710.738,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":4701.155,"end":4701.704},{"text":"I","start":4702.915,"end":4702.963},{"text":"welcome","start":4703.011,"end":4703.512},{"text":"the","start":4704.303,"end":4704.383},{"text":"presence","start":4704.448,"end":4704.819},{"text":"of","start":4705.174,"end":4705.32},{"text":"Her","start":4705.32,"end":4705.598},{"text":"Excellency","start":4705.843,"end":4706.383},{"text":"Foreign","start":4706.481,"end":4706.71},{"text":"Minister","start":4706.825,"end":4707.218},{"text":"Cai","start":4707.316,"end":4707.48},{"text":"Yuanba","start":4707.545,"end":4708.167},{"text":"Thank","start":4708.366,"end":4708.447},{"text":"you,","start":4708.463,"end":4708.512},{"text":"Madam","start":4708.576,"end":4708.786},{"text":"Chair,","start":4708.786,"end":4708.834},{"text":"and","start":4708.85,"end":4708.899},{"text":"thank","start":4708.899,"end":4708.979},{"text":"her","start":4709.012,"end":4709.205},{"text":"for","start":4709.286,"end":4709.528},{"text":"convening","start":4709.593,"end":4709.883},{"text":"today's","start":4709.996,"end":4710.399},{"text":"meeting.","start":4710.399,"end":4710.738}]},{"text":"I have also listened carefully to the statements made by the briefers.","start":4710.883,"end":4713.917,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4710.883,"end":4710.996},{"text":"have","start":4711.271,"end":4711.448},{"text":"also","start":4711.448,"end":4711.609},{"text":"listened","start":4711.609,"end":4711.932},{"text":"carefully","start":4711.932,"end":4712.303},{"text":"to","start":4712.4,"end":4712.513},{"text":"the","start":4712.513,"end":4712.594},{"text":"statements","start":4712.594,"end":4713.062},{"text":"made","start":4713.062,"end":4713.223},{"text":"by","start":4713.223,"end":4713.465},{"text":"the","start":4713.465,"end":4713.546},{"text":"briefers.","start":4713.546,"end":4713.917}]},{"text":"Natural resources are valuable assets for all countries and a crucial material input for economic growth and sustainable development.","start":4714.59,"end":4721.652,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":4714.59,"end":4714.848},{"text":"resources","start":4714.848,"end":4715.396},{"text":"are","start":4715.654,"end":4715.734},{"text":"valuable","start":4715.734,"end":4716.138},{"text":"assets","start":4716.138,"end":4716.46},{"text":"for","start":4716.46,"end":4716.637},{"text":"all","start":4716.637,"end":4716.718},{"text":"countries","start":4716.718,"end":4717.17},{"text":"and","start":4717.605,"end":4717.669},{"text":"a","start":4717.702,"end":4717.766},{"text":"crucial","start":4717.766,"end":4718.169},{"text":"material","start":4718.169,"end":4718.621},{"text":"input","start":4718.653,"end":4719.04},{"text":"for","start":4719.04,"end":4719.217},{"text":"economic","start":4719.217,"end":4719.604},{"text":"growth","start":4719.604,"end":4719.911},{"text":"and","start":4720.411,"end":4720.669},{"text":"sustainable","start":4720.669,"end":4721.217},{"text":"development.","start":4721.217,"end":4721.652}]},{"text":"Currently, in certain conflict-affected areas, however, the fierce competition for and rampant illegal extraction and smuggling of natural resources constitute the major drivers of protracted conflicts.","start":4723.51,"end":4735.116,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Currently,","start":4723.51,"end":4723.912},{"text":"in","start":4723.944,"end":4723.992},{"text":"certain","start":4724.089,"end":4724.475},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":4724.508,"end":4725.763},{"text":"areas,","start":4725.86,"end":4726.166},{"text":"however,","start":4726.262,"end":4726.649},{"text":"the","start":4726.987,"end":4727.067},{"text":"fierce","start":4727.067,"end":4727.405},{"text":"competition","start":4727.405,"end":4727.936},{"text":"for","start":4728.033,"end":4728.451},{"text":"and","start":4728.451,"end":4728.516},{"text":"rampant","start":4728.677,"end":4729.015},{"text":"illegal","start":4729.079,"end":4729.353},{"text":"extraction","start":4729.401,"end":4729.852},{"text":"and","start":4729.9,"end":4729.997},{"text":"smuggling","start":4729.997,"end":4730.431},{"text":"of","start":4730.464,"end":4730.528},{"text":"natural","start":4730.528,"end":4730.786},{"text":"resources","start":4730.786,"end":4731.317},{"text":"constitute","start":4731.735,"end":4732.315},{"text":"the","start":4732.315,"end":4732.395},{"text":"major","start":4732.476,"end":4732.959},{"text":"drivers","start":4732.959,"end":4733.41},{"text":"of","start":4733.832,"end":4733.96},{"text":"protracted","start":4734.056,"end":4734.634},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4734.634,"end":4735.116}]},{"text":"I would like to make 3 points.","start":4735.293,"end":4736.545,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4735.293,"end":4735.309},{"text":"would","start":4735.517,"end":4735.582},{"text":"like","start":4735.582,"end":4735.758},{"text":"to","start":4735.758,"end":4735.839},{"text":"make","start":4735.839,"end":4736.063},{"text":"3","start":4736.063,"end":4736.224},{"text":"points.","start":4736.224,"end":4736.545}]},{"text":"First, it is imperative to improve nationally owned governance of resources.","start":4736.786,"end":4741.025,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":4736.786,"end":4737.075},{"text":"it","start":4737.444,"end":4737.54},{"text":"is","start":4737.54,"end":4737.621},{"text":"imperative","start":4737.685,"end":4738.183},{"text":"to","start":4738.183,"end":4738.343},{"text":"improve","start":4738.391,"end":4738.729},{"text":"nationally","start":4738.729,"end":4739.258},{"text":"owned","start":4739.355,"end":4739.58},{"text":"governance","start":4739.692,"end":4740.174},{"text":"of","start":4740.398,"end":4740.463},{"text":"resources.","start":4740.527,"end":4741.025}]},{"text":"The international community should support conflict-affected countries as they strive to improve their capacity to govern, manage, and utilize natural resources, combat crimes such as illegal exploitation and smuggling, and cut off financial flows that fuel conflicts.","start":4741.683,"end":4757.706,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4741.683,"end":4741.715},{"text":"international","start":4741.715,"end":4742.245},{"text":"community","start":4742.245,"end":4742.662},{"text":"should","start":4742.662,"end":4742.951},{"text":"support","start":4742.967,"end":4743.385},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":4743.385,"end":4744.396},{"text":"countries","start":4744.412,"end":4744.798},{"text":"as","start":4745.231,"end":4745.36},{"text":"they","start":4745.376,"end":4745.456},{"text":"strive","start":4745.456,"end":4745.793},{"text":"to","start":4745.793,"end":4745.922},{"text":"improve","start":4745.97,"end":4746.355},{"text":"their","start":4746.355,"end":4746.5},{"text":"capacity","start":4746.5,"end":4746.885},{"text":"to","start":4746.981,"end":4747.045},{"text":"govern,","start":4747.078,"end":4747.367},{"text":"manage,","start":4747.463,"end":4747.8},{"text":"and","start":4747.88,"end":4747.945},{"text":"utilize","start":4747.961,"end":4748.33},{"text":"natural","start":4748.442,"end":4749.004},{"text":"resources,","start":4749.004,"end":4749.614},{"text":"combat","start":4750.208,"end":4750.53},{"text":"crimes","start":4750.53,"end":4750.899},{"text":"such","start":4750.995,"end":4751.188},{"text":"as","start":4751.188,"end":4751.3},{"text":"illegal","start":4751.429,"end":4751.862},{"text":"exploitation","start":4752.135,"end":4752.826},{"text":"and","start":4753.018,"end":4753.163},{"text":"smuggling,","start":4753.163,"end":4753.548},{"text":"and","start":4754.768,"end":4754.913},{"text":"cut","start":4754.945,"end":4755.17},{"text":"off","start":4755.17,"end":4755.443},{"text":"financial","start":4755.571,"end":4755.972},{"text":"flows","start":4755.972,"end":4756.358},{"text":"that","start":4756.695,"end":4756.855},{"text":"fuel","start":4756.855,"end":4757.193},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4757.193,"end":4757.706}]},{"text":"It is essential to respect the sovereignty and right to development of all states, fully address the needs and concerns of resource rich countries, particularly developing ones, and avoid securitizing, politicizing, or instrumentalizing natural resource issues.","start":4759.039,"end":4773.823,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4759.039,"end":4759.135},{"text":"is","start":4759.135,"end":4759.248},{"text":"essential","start":4759.36,"end":4759.762},{"text":"to","start":4759.762,"end":4759.89},{"text":"respect","start":4759.906,"end":4760.243},{"text":"the","start":4760.243,"end":4760.324},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4760.324,"end":4760.853},{"text":"and","start":4760.966,"end":4761.094},{"text":"right","start":4761.191,"end":4761.528},{"text":"to","start":4761.528,"end":4761.672},{"text":"development","start":4761.672,"end":4762.17},{"text":"of","start":4762.17,"end":4762.266},{"text":"all","start":4762.395,"end":4762.427},{"text":"states,","start":4762.427,"end":4762.828},{"text":"fully","start":4763.197,"end":4763.438},{"text":"address","start":4763.438,"end":4763.743},{"text":"the","start":4763.856,"end":4763.952},{"text":"needs","start":4763.952,"end":4764.257},{"text":"and","start":4764.257,"end":4764.337},{"text":"concerns","start":4764.337,"end":4764.787},{"text":"of","start":4764.899,"end":4764.996},{"text":"resource","start":4765.124,"end":4765.429},{"text":"rich","start":4765.542,"end":4765.75},{"text":"countries,","start":4765.782,"end":4766.232},{"text":"particularly","start":4766.585,"end":4767.275},{"text":"developing","start":4767.371,"end":4767.837},{"text":"ones,","start":4767.933,"end":4768.077},{"text":"and","start":4768.511,"end":4768.575},{"text":"avoid","start":4768.607,"end":4768.96},{"text":"securitizing,","start":4769.217,"end":4769.923},{"text":"politicizing,","start":4770.34,"end":4770.966},{"text":"or","start":4771.223,"end":4771.415},{"text":"instrumentalizing","start":4771.801,"end":4772.555},{"text":"natural","start":4772.603,"end":4773.052},{"text":"resource","start":4773.084,"end":4773.47},{"text":"issues.","start":4773.502,"end":4773.823}]},{"text":"Above all, natural resources must not be used as bargaining chips in geopolitical rivalries or as a pretext for interfering in internal affairs.","start":4774.288,"end":4782.842,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Above","start":4774.288,"end":4774.529},{"text":"all,","start":4774.529,"end":4774.657},{"text":"natural","start":4775.01,"end":4775.251},{"text":"resources","start":4775.251,"end":4775.732},{"text":"must","start":4775.797,"end":4776.037},{"text":"not","start":4776.037,"end":4776.342},{"text":"be","start":4776.455,"end":4776.599},{"text":"used","start":4776.615,"end":4777},{"text":"as","start":4777.081,"end":4777.145},{"text":"bargaining","start":4777.257,"end":4777.562},{"text":"chips","start":4777.723,"end":4777.995},{"text":"in","start":4778.076,"end":4778.22},{"text":"geopolitical","start":4778.22,"end":4778.846},{"text":"rivalries","start":4778.846,"end":4779.231},{"text":"or","start":4779.584,"end":4779.664},{"text":"as","start":4779.664,"end":4779.825},{"text":"a","start":4779.825,"end":4779.905},{"text":"pretext","start":4779.905,"end":4780.371},{"text":"for","start":4780.371,"end":4780.804},{"text":"interfering","start":4781.029,"end":4781.558},{"text":"in","start":4781.975,"end":4782.168},{"text":"internal","start":4782.232,"end":4782.553},{"text":"affairs.","start":4782.553,"end":4782.842}]},{"text":"Second, it is vital to sustain international coordination with high quality and effectiveness.","start":4783.693,"end":4788.571,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4783.693,"end":4784.094},{"text":"it","start":4784.158,"end":4784.254},{"text":"is","start":4784.254,"end":4784.367},{"text":"vital","start":4784.399,"end":4784.784},{"text":"to","start":4784.784,"end":4784.896},{"text":"sustain","start":4784.896,"end":4785.33},{"text":"international","start":4785.362,"end":4786.052},{"text":"coordination","start":4786.068,"end":4786.613},{"text":"with","start":4786.646,"end":4786.822},{"text":"high","start":4786.87,"end":4787.111},{"text":"quality","start":4787.111,"end":4787.528},{"text":"and","start":4787.769,"end":4787.978},{"text":"effectiveness.","start":4788.01,"end":4788.571}]},{"text":"China supports regional countries in strengthening cooperation on information sharing, law enforcement, and border management in order to curb the illegal trade of natural resources and jointly safeguard the stability of global resource supply chains.","start":4788.973,"end":4801.368,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"China","start":4788.973,"end":4789.197},{"text":"supports","start":4789.197,"end":4789.598},{"text":"regional","start":4789.598,"end":4789.855},{"text":"countries","start":4789.855,"end":4790.224},{"text":"in","start":4790.321,"end":4790.369},{"text":"strengthening","start":4790.401,"end":4790.947},{"text":"cooperation","start":4790.979,"end":4791.54},{"text":"on","start":4791.54,"end":4791.589},{"text":"information","start":4791.605,"end":4793.755},{"text":"sharing,","start":4791.942,"end":4792.471},{"text":"law","start":4792.919,"end":4792.984},{"text":"enforcement,","start":4792.984,"end":4793.561},{"text":"and","start":4793.689,"end":4793.849},{"text":"border","start":4793.849,"end":4794.17},{"text":"management","start":4794.17,"end":4794.635},{"text":"in","start":4794.907,"end":4794.955},{"text":"order","start":4795.052,"end":4795.212},{"text":"to","start":4795.212,"end":4795.356},{"text":"curb","start":4795.372,"end":4795.629},{"text":"the","start":4795.629,"end":4795.869},{"text":"illegal","start":4795.949,"end":4796.254},{"text":"trade","start":4796.254,"end":4796.606},{"text":"of","start":4796.606,"end":4796.687},{"text":"natural","start":4796.751,"end":4797.007},{"text":"resources","start":4797.055,"end":4797.52},{"text":"and","start":4797.937,"end":4798.001},{"text":"jointly","start":4798.338,"end":4798.771},{"text":"safeguard","start":4798.771,"end":4799.236},{"text":"the","start":4799.236,"end":4799.316},{"text":"stability","start":4799.316,"end":4799.845},{"text":"of","start":4799.877,"end":4800.005},{"text":"global","start":4800.037,"end":4800.358},{"text":"resource","start":4800.358,"end":4800.726},{"text":"supply","start":4800.823,"end":4801.079},{"text":"chains.","start":4801.079,"end":4801.368}]},{"text":"China appreciates the positive role played by relevant international and regional mechanisms in enhancing the transparency of resource supply chains and supports strengthened coordination between the UN and regional bodies regarding standards and compliance in this regard.","start":4801.865,"end":4816.036,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"China","start":4801.865,"end":4802.041},{"text":"appreciates","start":4802.041,"end":4802.634},{"text":"the","start":4802.682,"end":4802.826},{"text":"positive","start":4802.826,"end":4803.115},{"text":"role","start":4803.227,"end":4803.371},{"text":"played","start":4803.884,"end":4804.125},{"text":"by","start":4804.125,"end":4804.285},{"text":"relevant","start":4804.285,"end":4804.686},{"text":"international","start":4804.686,"end":4805.199},{"text":"and","start":4805.327,"end":4805.391},{"text":"regional","start":4805.471,"end":4805.808},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4805.808,"end":4806.369},{"text":"in","start":4806.69,"end":4806.77},{"text":"enhancing","start":4806.77,"end":4807.299},{"text":"the","start":4807.331,"end":4807.411},{"text":"transparency","start":4807.411,"end":4808.181},{"text":"of","start":4808.213,"end":4808.309},{"text":"resource","start":4808.437,"end":4808.742},{"text":"supply","start":4808.774,"end":4809.046},{"text":"chains","start":4809.094,"end":4809.383},{"text":"and","start":4809.8,"end":4809.848},{"text":"supports","start":4809.848,"end":4810.425},{"text":"strengthened","start":4810.441,"end":4811.002},{"text":"coordination","start":4811.002,"end":4811.579},{"text":"between","start":4811.579,"end":4811.836},{"text":"the","start":4811.836,"end":4811.964},{"text":"UN","start":4811.964,"end":4812.172},{"text":"and","start":4812.541,"end":4812.701},{"text":"regional","start":4812.701,"end":4813.102},{"text":"bodies","start":4813.102,"end":4813.391},{"text":"regarding","start":4813.567,"end":4813.952},{"text":"standards","start":4813.984,"end":4814.433},{"text":"and","start":4814.545,"end":4814.609},{"text":"compliance","start":4814.705,"end":4815.346},{"text":"in","start":4815.427,"end":4815.507},{"text":"this","start":4815.507,"end":4815.667},{"text":"regard.","start":4815.667,"end":4816.036}]},{"text":"States should foster a fair fair, open, and inclusive environment rather than inciting bloc confrontation or forming exclusive cliques.","start":4816.613,"end":4825.169,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"States","start":4816.613,"end":4816.981},{"text":"should","start":4817.094,"end":4817.318},{"text":"foster","start":4817.334,"end":4817.799},{"text":"a","start":4817.847,"end":4817.911},{"text":"fair","start":4817.911,"end":4819.851},{"text":"fair,","start":4818.04,"end":4818.329},{"text":"open,","start":4818.634,"end":4818.923},{"text":"and","start":4819.099,"end":4819.228},{"text":"inclusive","start":4819.34,"end":4819.934},{"text":"environment","start":4819.998,"end":4820.416},{"text":"rather","start":4820.721,"end":4820.962},{"text":"than","start":4820.962,"end":4821.138},{"text":"inciting","start":4821.283,"end":4821.7},{"text":"bloc","start":4821.829,"end":4822.15},{"text":"confrontation","start":4822.166,"end":4822.776},{"text":"or","start":4823.049,"end":4823.162},{"text":"forming","start":4823.21,"end":4823.579},{"text":"exclusive","start":4823.997,"end":4824.623},{"text":"cliques.","start":4824.719,"end":4825.169}]},{"text":"Third, we must address the root causes of conflict with a development-oriented approach.","start":4826.517,"end":4831.447,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":4826.517,"end":4826.871},{"text":"we","start":4826.983,"end":4827.224},{"text":"must","start":4827.224,"end":4827.609},{"text":"address","start":4827.625,"end":4828.043},{"text":"the","start":4828.107,"end":4828.235},{"text":"root","start":4828.332,"end":4828.492},{"text":"causes","start":4828.492,"end":4828.797},{"text":"of","start":4828.91,"end":4829.038},{"text":"conflict","start":4829.054,"end":4829.472},{"text":"with","start":4829.713,"end":4829.889},{"text":"a","start":4829.889,"end":4829.954},{"text":"development-oriented","start":4829.954,"end":4831.077},{"text":"approach.","start":4831.077,"end":4831.447}]},{"text":"The violent competition for natural resources in conflict settings stems fundamentally from unbalanced and inadequate development as a legacy of Western colonial exploitation.","start":4832.282,"end":4843.409,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4832.282,"end":4832.362},{"text":"violent","start":4832.362,"end":4832.828},{"text":"competition","start":4832.828,"end":4833.293},{"text":"for","start":4833.39,"end":4833.566},{"text":"natural","start":4833.566,"end":4833.919},{"text":"resources","start":4833.968,"end":4834.417},{"text":"in","start":4834.514,"end":4834.578},{"text":"conflict","start":4834.674,"end":4835.076},{"text":"settings","start":4835.076,"end":4835.541},{"text":"stems","start":4836.071,"end":4836.505},{"text":"fundamentally","start":4836.601,"end":4837.227},{"text":"from","start":4837.484,"end":4837.661},{"text":"unbalanced","start":4837.821,"end":4838.464},{"text":"and","start":4838.608,"end":4838.833},{"text":"inadequate","start":4839.009,"end":4839.459},{"text":"development","start":4839.459,"end":4839.973},{"text":"as","start":4840.776,"end":4840.84},{"text":"a","start":4840.888,"end":4840.952},{"text":"legacy","start":4841.017,"end":4841.402},{"text":"of","start":4841.595,"end":4841.723},{"text":"Western","start":4841.9,"end":4842.189},{"text":"colonial","start":4842.301,"end":4842.702},{"text":"exploitation.","start":4842.799,"end":4843.409}]},{"text":"African nations have long been held down at the lower end of resource industries and value chains.","start":4843.829,"end":4849.77,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"African","start":4843.829,"end":4844.136},{"text":"nations","start":4844.169,"end":4844.541},{"text":"have","start":4844.573,"end":4844.735},{"text":"long","start":4844.8,"end":4844.946},{"text":"been","start":4845.124,"end":4845.205},{"text":"held","start":4845.286,"end":4845.593},{"text":"down","start":4845.771,"end":4845.998},{"text":"at","start":4846.516,"end":4846.597},{"text":"the","start":4846.597,"end":4846.662},{"text":"lower","start":4846.743,"end":4846.986},{"text":"end","start":4847.067,"end":4847.148},{"text":"of","start":4847.326,"end":4847.439},{"text":"resource","start":4847.439,"end":4847.957},{"text":"industries","start":4847.973,"end":4848.427},{"text":"and","start":4848.929,"end":4849.171},{"text":"value","start":4849.171,"end":4849.43},{"text":"chains.","start":4849.43,"end":4849.77}]},{"text":"The international community, particularly developed ones— developed countries, should earnestly fulfill their development assistance pledges and invest more capital and technologies in developing countries so as to help the latter better exploit their resources, increase added value of their products, and improve employment and economic conditions.","start":4851.31,"end":4870.386,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4851.31,"end":4851.342},{"text":"international","start":4851.342,"end":4851.811},{"text":"community,","start":4851.811,"end":4852.28},{"text":"particularly","start":4852.474,"end":4853.089},{"text":"developed","start":4853.202,"end":4853.671},{"text":"ones—","start":4853.671,"end":4853.93},{"text":"developed","start":4854.335,"end":4854.61},{"text":"countries,","start":4854.658,"end":4855.03},{"text":"should","start":4855.127,"end":4855.273},{"text":"earnestly","start":4855.386,"end":4855.791},{"text":"fulfill","start":4855.791,"end":4856.324},{"text":"their","start":4856.341,"end":4856.47},{"text":"development","start":4856.583,"end":4856.971},{"text":"assistance","start":4857.02,"end":4857.57},{"text":"pledges","start":4857.57,"end":4857.942},{"text":"and","start":4858.46,"end":4858.589},{"text":"invest","start":4858.622,"end":4859.091},{"text":"more","start":4859.091,"end":4859.301},{"text":"capital","start":4859.349,"end":4859.819},{"text":"and","start":4859.835,"end":4859.899},{"text":"technologies","start":4859.916,"end":4860.692},{"text":"in","start":4860.884,"end":4860.965},{"text":"developing","start":4860.965,"end":4861.384},{"text":"countries","start":4861.432,"end":4861.786},{"text":"so","start":4861.786,"end":4862.076},{"text":"as","start":4862.076,"end":4862.141},{"text":"to","start":4862.173,"end":4862.302},{"text":"help","start":4862.318,"end":4862.495},{"text":"the","start":4862.495,"end":4862.575},{"text":"latter","start":4862.575,"end":4862.946},{"text":"better","start":4863.928,"end":4864.266},{"text":"exploit","start":4864.266,"end":4864.895},{"text":"their","start":4864.895,"end":4865.168},{"text":"resources,","start":4865.394,"end":4865.925},{"text":"increase","start":4866.36,"end":4866.731},{"text":"added","start":4866.988,"end":4867.214},{"text":"value","start":4867.246,"end":4867.536},{"text":"of","start":4867.649,"end":4867.713},{"text":"their","start":4867.729,"end":4867.842},{"text":"products,","start":4867.89,"end":4868.309},{"text":"and","start":4868.438,"end":4868.534},{"text":"improve","start":4868.534,"end":4868.873},{"text":"employment","start":4868.873,"end":4869.485},{"text":"and","start":4869.565,"end":4869.663},{"text":"economic","start":4869.663,"end":4869.999},{"text":"conditions.","start":4869.999,"end":4870.386}]},{"text":"Doing so will ensure that local communities will benefit more from resources, thus breaking the cycle of poverty and conflict.","start":4870.892,"end":4877.384,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Doing","start":4870.892,"end":4871.101},{"text":"so","start":4871.133,"end":4871.341},{"text":"will","start":4871.373,"end":4871.437},{"text":"ensure","start":4871.437,"end":4871.806},{"text":"that","start":4871.838,"end":4871.998},{"text":"local","start":4871.998,"end":4872.255},{"text":"communities","start":4872.255,"end":4872.704},{"text":"will","start":4872.816,"end":4872.96},{"text":"benefit","start":4872.976,"end":4873.297},{"text":"more","start":4873.297,"end":4873.537},{"text":"from","start":4873.537,"end":4873.778},{"text":"resources,","start":4873.778,"end":4874.307},{"text":"thus","start":4874.659,"end":4874.787},{"text":"breaking","start":4874.9,"end":4875.268},{"text":"the","start":4875.3,"end":4875.381},{"text":"cycle","start":4875.381,"end":4875.781},{"text":"of","start":4875.781,"end":4875.829},{"text":"poverty","start":4875.942,"end":4876.39},{"text":"and","start":4876.727,"end":4876.871},{"text":"conflict.","start":4876.903,"end":4877.384}]},{"text":"President, guided by the Global Development Initiative and Global Governance Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping, China is committed to working more closely with all parties for the sustainable exploitation and international governance of natural resources, translating resource endowment into development momentum, and promoting economic growth, and people's well-being with a view to eliminating the root causes of conflicts and achieving lasting peace.","start":4878.026,"end":4903.505,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":4878.026,"end":4878.506},{"text":"guided","start":4878.907,"end":4879.228},{"text":"by","start":4879.228,"end":4879.388},{"text":"the","start":4879.388,"end":4879.532},{"text":"Global","start":4879.532,"end":4879.965},{"text":"Development","start":4879.965,"end":4880.318},{"text":"Initiative","start":4880.43,"end":4880.959},{"text":"and","start":4881.071,"end":4881.135},{"text":"Global","start":4881.232,"end":4881.552},{"text":"Governance","start":4881.552,"end":4882.049},{"text":"Initiative","start":4882.177,"end":4882.642},{"text":"proposed","start":4882.915,"end":4883.316},{"text":"by","start":4883.316,"end":4883.556},{"text":"President","start":4883.556,"end":4883.909},{"text":"Xi","start":4883.941,"end":4884.053},{"text":"Jinping,","start":4884.101,"end":4884.454},{"text":"China","start":4884.902,"end":4885.079},{"text":"is","start":4885.079,"end":4885.207},{"text":"committed","start":4885.239,"end":4885.56},{"text":"to","start":4885.56,"end":4885.656},{"text":"working","start":4885.704,"end":4885.928},{"text":"more","start":4886.105,"end":4886.281},{"text":"closely","start":4886.281,"end":4886.682},{"text":"with","start":4886.746,"end":4886.874},{"text":"all","start":4886.906,"end":4886.954},{"text":"parties","start":4887.002,"end":4887.371},{"text":"for","start":4887.724,"end":4887.948},{"text":"the","start":4887.948,"end":4887.98},{"text":"sustainable","start":4887.98,"end":4888.686},{"text":"exploitation","start":4888.686,"end":4889.455},{"text":"and","start":4889.567,"end":4889.679},{"text":"international","start":4889.744,"end":4890.224},{"text":"governance","start":4890.224,"end":4890.657},{"text":"of","start":4890.834,"end":4890.914},{"text":"natural","start":4890.914,"end":4891.17},{"text":"resources,","start":4891.17,"end":4891.699},{"text":"translating","start":4892.132,"end":4892.693},{"text":"resource","start":4892.773,"end":4893.174},{"text":"endowment","start":4893.174,"end":4893.751},{"text":"into","start":4893.815,"end":4894.088},{"text":"development","start":4894.28,"end":4894.649},{"text":"momentum,","start":4894.649,"end":4895.194},{"text":"and","start":4895.723,"end":4895.787},{"text":"promoting","start":4895.819,"end":4896.268},{"text":"economic","start":4896.38,"end":4896.781},{"text":"growth,","start":4896.781,"end":4897.069},{"text":"and","start":4897.409,"end":4897.474},{"text":"people's","start":4897.506,"end":4897.993},{"text":"well-being","start":4897.993,"end":4898.528},{"text":"with","start":4899.614,"end":4899.776},{"text":"a","start":4899.776,"end":4899.841},{"text":"view","start":4899.841,"end":4899.97},{"text":"to","start":4900.084,"end":4900.311},{"text":"eliminating","start":4900.343,"end":4900.878},{"text":"the","start":4900.894,"end":4900.992},{"text":"root","start":4900.992,"end":4901.154},{"text":"causes","start":4901.154,"end":4901.527},{"text":"of","start":4901.64,"end":4901.77},{"text":"conflicts","start":4901.802,"end":4902.37},{"text":"and","start":4902.451,"end":4902.548},{"text":"achieving","start":4902.548,"end":4902.921},{"text":"lasting","start":4902.921,"end":4903.229},{"text":"peace.","start":4903.261,"end":4903.505}]},{"text":"Thank you, President.","start":4904.79,"end":4905.305,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4904.79,"end":4904.886},{"text":"you,","start":4904.886,"end":4904.918},{"text":"President.","start":4904.934,"end":4905.305}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CHN","affiliation_full":"China","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":28,"start":4907.945,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4908","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Merci beaucoup, la Chine.","start":4907.945,"end":4909.217,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Merci","start":4907.945,"end":4908.363},{"text":"beaucoup,","start":4908.428,"end":4908.621},{"text":"la","start":4908.701,"end":4908.798},{"text":"Chine.","start":4908.846,"end":4909.217}]},{"text":"Je donne maintenant—","start":4909.474,"end":4910.682,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":4909.474,"end":4909.571},{"text":"donne","start":4909.571,"end":4909.86},{"text":"maintenant—","start":4909.893,"end":4910.682}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, China.","start":4910.682,"end":4911.824,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4910.682,"end":4910.859},{"text":"you","start":4910.859,"end":4910.939},{"text":"very","start":4910.939,"end":4911.1},{"text":"much,","start":4911.1,"end":4911.309},{"text":"China.","start":4911.342,"end":4911.824}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the United Kingdom, followed by Liberia.","start":4912.066,"end":4916.978,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4912.066,"end":4912.082},{"text":"now","start":4912.082,"end":4912.259},{"text":"give","start":4912.307,"end":4912.517},{"text":"the","start":4912.533,"end":4912.565},{"text":"floor","start":4912.629,"end":4912.903},{"text":"to","start":4914.481,"end":4914.61},{"text":"the","start":4914.61,"end":4914.708},{"text":"United","start":4914.708,"end":4915.1},{"text":"Kingdom,","start":4915.132,"end":4915.671},{"text":"followed","start":4915.769,"end":4916.031},{"text":"by","start":4916.031,"end":4916.227},{"text":"Liberia.","start":4916.341,"end":4916.978}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":29,"start":4918.21,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=4919","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you. Thank you, Your Excellency, for convening this meeting, and I'm also grateful to the briefers for their insights.","start":4918.21,"end":4928.729,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4918.21,"end":4918.504},{"text":"you.","start":4918.504,"end":4918.695},{"text":"Thank","start":4922.173,"end":4922.405},{"text":"you,","start":4922.405,"end":4922.504},{"text":"Your","start":4922.835,"end":4923.001},{"text":"Excellency,","start":4923.001,"end":4923.547},{"text":"for","start":4923.91,"end":4924.167},{"text":"convening","start":4924.167,"end":4924.6},{"text":"this","start":4924.665,"end":4924.89},{"text":"meeting,","start":4924.89,"end":4925.275},{"text":"and","start":4925.532,"end":4925.837},{"text":"I'm","start":4925.853,"end":4926.03},{"text":"also","start":4926.046,"end":4926.271},{"text":"grateful","start":4926.335,"end":4926.866},{"text":"to","start":4926.978,"end":4927.139},{"text":"the","start":4927.139,"end":4927.235},{"text":"briefers","start":4927.235,"end":4927.685},{"text":"for","start":4927.862,"end":4927.942},{"text":"their","start":4927.958,"end":4928.199},{"text":"insights.","start":4928.199,"end":4928.729}]},{"text":"I'll make 3 reflections.","start":4929.34,"end":4931.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'll","start":4929.34,"end":4929.822},{"text":"make","start":4929.822,"end":4930.063},{"text":"3","start":4930.063,"end":4930.448},{"text":"reflections.","start":4930.593,"end":4931.3}]},{"text":"First, as we have seen in Eastern DRC, the wider Great Lakes region, Sudan, and West Africa, the exploitation of natural resources can undermine peace and stability.","start":4932.44,"end":4943.67,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":4932.44,"end":4932.987},{"text":"as","start":4933.099,"end":4933.163},{"text":"we","start":4933.244,"end":4933.324},{"text":"have","start":4933.324,"end":4933.436},{"text":"seen","start":4933.436,"end":4933.774},{"text":"in","start":4933.902,"end":4934.031},{"text":"Eastern","start":4934.063,"end":4934.449},{"text":"DRC,","start":4934.449,"end":4934.963},{"text":"the","start":4935.332,"end":4935.396},{"text":"wider","start":4935.429,"end":4935.67},{"text":"Great","start":4935.734,"end":4935.991},{"text":"Lakes","start":4935.991,"end":4936.296},{"text":"region,","start":4936.296,"end":4936.746},{"text":"Sudan,","start":4937.196,"end":4937.726},{"text":"and","start":4937.919,"end":4937.983},{"text":"West","start":4938.079,"end":4938.385},{"text":"Africa,","start":4938.385,"end":4938.899},{"text":"the","start":4939.509,"end":4939.59},{"text":"exploitation","start":4939.59,"end":4940.28},{"text":"of","start":4940.329,"end":4940.425},{"text":"natural","start":4940.425,"end":4940.746},{"text":"resources","start":4940.746,"end":4941.341},{"text":"can","start":4941.437,"end":4941.662},{"text":"undermine","start":4941.935,"end":4942.369},{"text":"peace","start":4942.562,"end":4942.851},{"text":"and","start":4942.899,"end":4942.963},{"text":"stability.","start":4943.06,"end":4943.67}]},{"text":"It can sustain armed groups, undermine state authority, and deprive local communities of the development benefits natural resources can bring.","start":4944.731,"end":4953.837,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4944.731,"end":4944.811},{"text":"can","start":4944.827,"end":4945.116},{"text":"sustain","start":4945.148,"end":4945.759},{"text":"armed","start":4945.936,"end":4946.128},{"text":"groups,","start":4946.128,"end":4946.626},{"text":"undermine","start":4947.398,"end":4947.799},{"text":"state","start":4947.799,"end":4948.12},{"text":"authority,","start":4948.12,"end":4948.731},{"text":"and","start":4949.084,"end":4949.149},{"text":"deprive","start":4949.165,"end":4949.791},{"text":"local","start":4949.791,"end":4950.113},{"text":"communities","start":4950.129,"end":4950.739},{"text":"of","start":4950.852,"end":4950.934},{"text":"the","start":4950.934,"end":4951.015},{"text":"development","start":4951.015,"end":4951.553},{"text":"benefits","start":4951.586,"end":4952.043},{"text":"natural","start":4952.336,"end":4952.728},{"text":"resources","start":4952.728,"end":4953.266},{"text":"can","start":4953.38,"end":4953.511},{"text":"bring.","start":4953.608,"end":4953.837}]},{"text":"And as briefers have said, the response must start with good governance and conflict-sensitive practice.","start":4955.321,"end":4960.981,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4955.321,"end":4955.403},{"text":"as","start":4955.403,"end":4955.468},{"text":"briefers","start":4955.5,"end":4955.892},{"text":"have","start":4955.973,"end":4956.088},{"text":"said,","start":4956.088,"end":4956.528},{"text":"the","start":4956.94,"end":4956.988},{"text":"response","start":4956.988,"end":4957.439},{"text":"must","start":4957.439,"end":4957.616},{"text":"start","start":4957.616,"end":4958.002},{"text":"with","start":4958.002,"end":4958.228},{"text":"good","start":4958.26,"end":4958.389},{"text":"governance","start":4958.421,"end":4958.984},{"text":"and","start":4959.145,"end":4959.21},{"text":"conflict-sensitive","start":4959.306,"end":4960.401},{"text":"practice.","start":4960.417,"end":4960.981}]},{"text":"Member states, businesses, and civil society should consider further steps to embed these practices, especially when operating in conflict settings.","start":4962.043,"end":4971.339,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Member","start":4962.043,"end":4962.285},{"text":"states,","start":4962.285,"end":4962.8},{"text":"businesses,","start":4963.154,"end":4963.782},{"text":"and","start":4963.895,"end":4963.959},{"text":"civil","start":4964.04,"end":4964.298},{"text":"society","start":4964.298,"end":4964.909},{"text":"should","start":4965.489,"end":4965.892},{"text":"consider","start":4965.892,"end":4966.294},{"text":"further","start":4966.294,"end":4966.52},{"text":"steps","start":4966.52,"end":4966.937},{"text":"to","start":4966.937,"end":4967.034},{"text":"embed","start":4967.034,"end":4967.419},{"text":"these","start":4967.419,"end":4967.564},{"text":"practices,","start":4967.596,"end":4968.126},{"text":"especially","start":4968.255,"end":4968.929},{"text":"when","start":4969.106,"end":4969.331},{"text":"operating","start":4969.427,"end":4969.974},{"text":"in","start":4970.167,"end":4970.295},{"text":"conflict","start":4970.311,"end":4970.793},{"text":"settings.","start":4970.793,"end":4971.339}]},{"text":"Through the British Geological Survey, the United Kingdom is partnering with countries around the world to support digitalization and analysis of geological data.","start":4973.203,"end":4982.46,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":4973.203,"end":4973.396},{"text":"the","start":4973.54,"end":4973.685},{"text":"British","start":4973.685,"end":4974.006},{"text":"Geological","start":4974.087,"end":4974.601},{"text":"Survey,","start":4974.601,"end":4975.018},{"text":"the","start":4975.227,"end":4975.372},{"text":"United","start":4975.372,"end":4975.709},{"text":"Kingdom","start":4975.725,"end":4976.175},{"text":"is","start":4976.175,"end":4976.24},{"text":"partnering","start":4976.35,"end":4976.755},{"text":"with","start":4976.852,"end":4976.998},{"text":"countries","start":4977.014,"end":4977.403},{"text":"around","start":4977.5,"end":4977.825},{"text":"the","start":4977.825,"end":4977.889},{"text":"world","start":4977.906,"end":4978.311},{"text":"to","start":4978.311,"end":4978.408},{"text":"support","start":4978.408,"end":4978.894},{"text":"digitalization","start":4978.894,"end":4979.835},{"text":"and","start":4980.515,"end":4980.58},{"text":"analysis","start":4980.661,"end":4981.31},{"text":"of","start":4981.31,"end":4981.391},{"text":"geological","start":4981.391,"end":4981.974},{"text":"data.","start":4981.974,"end":4982.46}]},{"text":"This improves transparency, it attracts responsible investment, and supports informed decisions about resource development.","start":4983.19,"end":4990.721,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4983.19,"end":4983.352},{"text":"improves","start":4983.352,"end":4983.725},{"text":"transparency,","start":4983.838,"end":4984.697},{"text":"it","start":4985.322,"end":4985.419},{"text":"attracts","start":4985.419,"end":4985.871},{"text":"responsible","start":4985.871,"end":4986.437},{"text":"investment,","start":4986.437,"end":4987.181},{"text":"and","start":4987.666,"end":4987.746},{"text":"supports","start":4987.763,"end":4988.312},{"text":"informed","start":4988.312,"end":4988.781},{"text":"decisions","start":4988.781,"end":4989.331},{"text":"about","start":4989.444,"end":4989.767},{"text":"resource","start":4989.767,"end":4990.058},{"text":"development.","start":4990.155,"end":4990.721}]},{"text":"Second, international collaboration and standards can play a critical role in ensuring natural resource extraction supports growth, jobs, and sustainable development.","start":4993.09,"end":5003.297,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4993.09,"end":4993.525},{"text":"international","start":4993.831,"end":4994.395},{"text":"collaboration","start":4994.395,"end":4994.975},{"text":"and","start":4994.975,"end":4995.055},{"text":"standards","start":4995.055,"end":4995.587},{"text":"can","start":4995.619,"end":4995.909},{"text":"play","start":4995.941,"end":4996.167},{"text":"a","start":4996.167,"end":4996.247},{"text":"critical","start":4996.247,"end":4996.65},{"text":"role","start":4996.65,"end":4996.924},{"text":"in","start":4997.069,"end":4997.166},{"text":"ensuring","start":4997.166,"end":4997.601},{"text":"natural","start":4997.633,"end":4997.988},{"text":"resource","start":4997.988,"end":4998.374},{"text":"extraction","start":4998.374,"end":4998.97},{"text":"supports","start":4999.003,"end":4999.486},{"text":"growth,","start":4999.889,"end":5000.259},{"text":"jobs,","start":5001.017,"end":5001.387},{"text":"and","start":5001.976,"end":5002.137},{"text":"sustainable","start":5002.137,"end":5002.701},{"text":"development.","start":5002.717,"end":5003.297}]},{"text":"The United Kingdom's working with partners across international forums to promote responsible, secure, and resilient supply chains, including through the G7, the G20, OECD, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, and the World Bank.","start":5004.231,"end":5020.044,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5004.231,"end":5004.311},{"text":"United","start":5004.311,"end":5004.617},{"text":"Kingdom's","start":5004.649,"end":5005.149},{"text":"working","start":5005.197,"end":5005.503},{"text":"with","start":5005.535,"end":5005.632},{"text":"partners","start":5005.696,"end":5006.067},{"text":"across","start":5006.115,"end":5006.453},{"text":"international","start":5006.824,"end":5007.452},{"text":"forums","start":5007.452,"end":5007.919},{"text":"to","start":5007.967,"end":5008.08},{"text":"promote","start":5008.112,"end":5008.595},{"text":"responsible,","start":5008.595,"end":5009.271},{"text":"secure,","start":5009.948,"end":5010.463},{"text":"and","start":5010.608,"end":5010.672},{"text":"resilient","start":5010.689,"end":5011.172},{"text":"supply","start":5011.172,"end":5011.56},{"text":"chains,","start":5011.56,"end":5011.948},{"text":"including","start":5012.61,"end":5013.079},{"text":"through","start":5013.111,"end":5013.321},{"text":"the","start":5013.337,"end":5013.434},{"text":"G7,","start":5013.434,"end":5014.129},{"text":"the","start":5014.145,"end":5014.242},{"text":"G20,","start":5014.242,"end":5014.937},{"text":"OECD,","start":5015.697,"end":5016.343},{"text":"the","start":5016.424,"end":5016.57},{"text":"Extractive","start":5016.57,"end":5017.07},{"text":"Industries","start":5017.07,"end":5017.685},{"text":"Transparency","start":5017.943,"end":5018.573},{"text":"Initiative,","start":5018.59,"end":5019.171},{"text":"and","start":5019.252,"end":5019.317},{"text":"the","start":5019.398,"end":5019.478},{"text":"World","start":5019.478,"end":5019.656},{"text":"Bank.","start":5019.656,"end":5020.044}]},{"text":"And the UN has also played an important role, for instance, through support to the Kimberley Process and through the Security Council's imposition of targeted sanctions.","start":5020.812,"end":5029.195,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5020.812,"end":5020.876},{"text":"the","start":5020.957,"end":5021.037},{"text":"UN","start":5021.037,"end":5021.279},{"text":"has","start":5021.279,"end":5021.391},{"text":"also","start":5021.536,"end":5021.713},{"text":"played","start":5021.778,"end":5022.083},{"text":"an","start":5022.083,"end":5022.18},{"text":"important","start":5022.18,"end":5022.663},{"text":"role,","start":5022.663,"end":5022.969},{"text":"for","start":5023.371,"end":5023.468},{"text":"instance,","start":5023.468,"end":5023.854},{"text":"through","start":5023.935,"end":5024.128},{"text":"support","start":5024.128,"end":5024.45},{"text":"to","start":5024.45,"end":5024.562},{"text":"the","start":5024.595,"end":5024.675},{"text":"Kimberley","start":5024.675,"end":5024.997},{"text":"Process","start":5024.997,"end":5025.625},{"text":"and","start":5025.625,"end":5025.786},{"text":"through","start":5025.786,"end":5026.06},{"text":"the","start":5026.349,"end":5026.462},{"text":"Security","start":5026.462,"end":5026.897},{"text":"Council's","start":5026.929,"end":5027.331},{"text":"imposition","start":5027.426,"end":5027.897},{"text":"of","start":5027.994,"end":5028.043},{"text":"targeted","start":5028.091,"end":5028.546},{"text":"sanctions.","start":5028.578,"end":5029.195}]},{"text":"We welcome efforts underway to ensure that existing frameworks are implemented effectively, that they work coherently together, and respond appropriately to different risk profiles.","start":5030.526,"end":5040.156,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5030.526,"end":5030.673},{"text":"welcome","start":5030.673,"end":5031.013},{"text":"efforts","start":5031.013,"end":5031.403},{"text":"underway","start":5031.403,"end":5031.712},{"text":"to","start":5031.825,"end":5031.923},{"text":"ensure","start":5031.923,"end":5032.231},{"text":"that","start":5032.231,"end":5032.361},{"text":"existing","start":5032.361,"end":5032.767},{"text":"frameworks","start":5032.799,"end":5033.432},{"text":"are","start":5033.432,"end":5033.53},{"text":"implemented","start":5033.53,"end":5034.163},{"text":"effectively,","start":5034.163,"end":5034.877},{"text":"that","start":5035.37,"end":5035.516},{"text":"they","start":5035.516,"end":5035.548},{"text":"work","start":5035.548,"end":5035.808},{"text":"coherently","start":5035.808,"end":5036.457},{"text":"together,","start":5036.457,"end":5036.96},{"text":"and","start":5037.495,"end":5037.56},{"text":"respond","start":5037.592,"end":5037.998},{"text":"appropriately","start":5037.998,"end":5038.696},{"text":"to","start":5038.809,"end":5038.939},{"text":"different","start":5038.955,"end":5039.361},{"text":"risk","start":5039.361,"end":5039.556},{"text":"profiles.","start":5039.604,"end":5040.156}]},{"text":"This includes a consolidated mining standards initiative which provides guidance on conflict-affected and high-risk areas and builds on the OECD's well-established expertise.","start":5040.946,"end":5051.482,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5040.946,"end":5041.01},{"text":"includes","start":5041.107,"end":5041.54},{"text":"a","start":5041.54,"end":5041.557},{"text":"consolidated","start":5041.605,"end":5042.376},{"text":"mining","start":5042.473,"end":5042.778},{"text":"standards","start":5042.81,"end":5043.292},{"text":"initiative","start":5043.292,"end":5043.838},{"text":"which","start":5044.079,"end":5044.224},{"text":"provides","start":5044.256,"end":5044.706},{"text":"guidance","start":5044.738,"end":5045.253},{"text":"on","start":5045.365,"end":5045.51},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":5045.622,"end":5046.635},{"text":"and","start":5047.213,"end":5047.309},{"text":"high-risk","start":5047.309,"end":5047.856},{"text":"areas","start":5047.856,"end":5048.161},{"text":"and","start":5048.434,"end":5048.595},{"text":"builds","start":5048.595,"end":5048.9},{"text":"on","start":5048.916,"end":5048.997},{"text":"the","start":5048.997,"end":5049.141},{"text":"OECD's","start":5049.222,"end":5049.961},{"text":"well-established","start":5050.09,"end":5050.925},{"text":"expertise.","start":5050.925,"end":5051.482}]},{"text":"Third, tailored approaches are needed to address the risks in different contexts.","start":5053.758,"end":5058.109,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5053.758,"end":5054.208},{"text":"tailored","start":5054.336,"end":5054.754},{"text":"approaches","start":5054.754,"end":5055.267},{"text":"are","start":5055.444,"end":5055.54},{"text":"needed","start":5055.54,"end":5055.829},{"text":"to","start":5055.861,"end":5055.958},{"text":"address","start":5055.958,"end":5056.215},{"text":"the","start":5056.343,"end":5056.423},{"text":"risks","start":5056.423,"end":5056.889},{"text":"in","start":5056.905,"end":5056.985},{"text":"different","start":5056.985,"end":5057.387},{"text":"contexts.","start":5057.387,"end":5058.109}]},{"text":"The conflict risks associated with high-value, easily trafficked commodities such as gold can differ from those associated with critical minerals such as lithium or nickel.","start":5058.735,"end":5068.4,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5058.735,"end":5058.832},{"text":"conflict","start":5058.832,"end":5059.297},{"text":"risks","start":5059.297,"end":5059.602},{"text":"associated","start":5059.602,"end":5060.276},{"text":"with","start":5060.276,"end":5060.389},{"text":"high-value,","start":5060.437,"end":5061.175},{"text":"easily","start":5061.464,"end":5061.689},{"text":"trafficked","start":5061.721,"end":5062.123},{"text":"commodities","start":5062.123,"end":5062.636},{"text":"such","start":5062.636,"end":5062.893},{"text":"as","start":5062.941,"end":5063.054},{"text":"gold","start":5063.086,"end":5063.535},{"text":"can","start":5063.953,"end":5064.178},{"text":"differ","start":5064.194,"end":5064.531},{"text":"from","start":5064.531,"end":5064.756},{"text":"those","start":5064.756,"end":5064.9},{"text":"associated","start":5064.996,"end":5065.703},{"text":"with","start":5065.735,"end":5065.879},{"text":"critical","start":5065.896,"end":5066.297},{"text":"minerals","start":5066.297,"end":5066.666},{"text":"such","start":5066.698,"end":5066.987},{"text":"as","start":5067.035,"end":5067.18},{"text":"lithium","start":5067.244,"end":5067.613},{"text":"or","start":5067.838,"end":5067.918},{"text":"nickel.","start":5067.918,"end":5068.4}]},{"text":"Likewise, the governance tools needed to address armed group financing differ from those required to support responsible investment, environmental stewardship, or local economic development.","start":5069.331,"end":5081.072,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Likewise,","start":5069.331,"end":5069.797},{"text":"the","start":5069.829,"end":5069.909},{"text":"governance","start":5069.973,"end":5070.407},{"text":"tools","start":5070.471,"end":5070.84},{"text":"needed","start":5071.017,"end":5071.306},{"text":"to","start":5071.354,"end":5071.483},{"text":"address","start":5071.499,"end":5071.707},{"text":"armed","start":5071.98,"end":5072.077},{"text":"group","start":5072.077,"end":5072.333},{"text":"financing","start":5072.382,"end":5073.088},{"text":"differ","start":5073.602,"end":5073.923},{"text":"from","start":5073.923,"end":5074.083},{"text":"those","start":5074.148,"end":5074.292},{"text":"required","start":5074.388,"end":5074.806},{"text":"to","start":5074.806,"end":5074.966},{"text":"support","start":5074.966,"end":5075.352},{"text":"responsible","start":5075.352,"end":5075.93},{"text":"investment,","start":5075.93,"end":5076.572},{"text":"environmental","start":5076.973,"end":5077.615},{"text":"stewardship,","start":5077.615,"end":5078.258},{"text":"or","start":5078.514,"end":5078.643},{"text":"local","start":5078.643,"end":5079.06},{"text":"economic","start":5079.06,"end":5079.478},{"text":"development.","start":5080.684,"end":5081.072}]},{"text":"If natural resources are to become the foundations for peace rather than the drivers of conflict, our approach should be pragmatic and evidence-based.","start":5081.395,"end":5088.779,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":5081.395,"end":5081.476},{"text":"natural","start":5081.557,"end":5081.831},{"text":"resources","start":5081.831,"end":5082.316},{"text":"are","start":5082.494,"end":5082.591},{"text":"to","start":5082.591,"end":5082.671},{"text":"become","start":5082.671,"end":5082.995},{"text":"the","start":5082.995,"end":5083.075},{"text":"foundations","start":5083.075,"end":5083.689},{"text":"for","start":5083.705,"end":5083.867},{"text":"peace","start":5083.867,"end":5084.239},{"text":"rather","start":5084.352,"end":5084.61},{"text":"than","start":5084.675,"end":5084.756},{"text":"the","start":5084.836,"end":5084.933},{"text":"drivers","start":5084.933,"end":5085.321},{"text":"of","start":5085.321,"end":5085.418},{"text":"conflict,","start":5085.483,"end":5086.064},{"text":"our","start":5086.63,"end":5086.727},{"text":"approach","start":5086.727,"end":5087.001},{"text":"should","start":5087.018,"end":5087.163},{"text":"be","start":5087.195,"end":5087.276},{"text":"pragmatic","start":5087.276,"end":5088.036},{"text":"and","start":5088.084,"end":5088.149},{"text":"evidence-based.","start":5088.246,"end":5088.779}]},{"text":"It should recognize the different risks associated with different commodities and contexts and builds on existing expertise and institutions.","start":5089.682,"end":5097.593,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5089.682,"end":5089.763},{"text":"should","start":5089.763,"end":5089.925},{"text":"recognize","start":5089.925,"end":5090.379},{"text":"the","start":5090.428,"end":5090.557},{"text":"different","start":5090.557,"end":5090.833},{"text":"risks","start":5090.882,"end":5091.254},{"text":"associated","start":5091.319,"end":5091.919},{"text":"with","start":5091.952,"end":5092.114},{"text":"different","start":5092.114,"end":5092.503},{"text":"commodities","start":5092.503,"end":5093.216},{"text":"and","start":5093.33,"end":5093.394},{"text":"contexts","start":5093.492,"end":5094.124},{"text":"and","start":5094.529,"end":5094.61},{"text":"builds","start":5094.691,"end":5094.999},{"text":"on","start":5095.032,"end":5095.178},{"text":"existing","start":5095.178,"end":5095.729},{"text":"expertise","start":5095.907,"end":5096.458},{"text":"and","start":5096.653,"end":5096.718},{"text":"institutions.","start":5096.815,"end":5097.593}]},{"text":"Chair, natural resource extraction can bring substantial development benefits to host communities when it's grounded in conflict-sensitive and good governance practices and supported by international and civil society collaboration.","start":5099.234,"end":5112.185,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":5099.234,"end":5099.38},{"text":"natural","start":5099.543,"end":5099.9},{"text":"resource","start":5099.9,"end":5100.322},{"text":"extraction","start":5100.322,"end":5100.792},{"text":"can","start":5100.906,"end":5101.198},{"text":"bring","start":5101.23,"end":5101.49},{"text":"substantial","start":5101.49,"end":5102.123},{"text":"development","start":5102.123,"end":5102.577},{"text":"benefits","start":5102.609,"end":5103.177},{"text":"to","start":5103.177,"end":5103.258},{"text":"host","start":5103.258,"end":5103.502},{"text":"communities","start":5103.502,"end":5104.199},{"text":"when","start":5104.637,"end":5104.816},{"text":"it's","start":5104.816,"end":5105.076},{"text":"grounded","start":5104.96,"end":5105.377},{"text":"in","start":5105.377,"end":5105.441},{"text":"conflict-sensitive","start":5105.538,"end":5106.645},{"text":"and","start":5106.758,"end":5106.822},{"text":"good","start":5106.999,"end":5107.207},{"text":"governance","start":5107.24,"end":5107.721},{"text":"practices","start":5107.721,"end":5108.412},{"text":"and","start":5108.99,"end":5109.086},{"text":"supported","start":5109.086,"end":5109.616},{"text":"by","start":5109.648,"end":5109.873},{"text":"international","start":5109.889,"end":5110.547},{"text":"and","start":5110.692,"end":5110.772},{"text":"civil","start":5110.772,"end":5111.045},{"text":"society","start":5111.045,"end":5111.495},{"text":"collaboration.","start":5111.495,"end":5112.185}]},{"text":"The United Kingdom remains committed to working with partners to help realize that potential.","start":5113.084,"end":5117.066,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5113.084,"end":5113.164},{"text":"United","start":5113.164,"end":5113.486},{"text":"Kingdom","start":5113.486,"end":5113.791},{"text":"remains","start":5113.823,"end":5114.112},{"text":"committed","start":5114.208,"end":5114.834},{"text":"to","start":5114.866,"end":5114.963},{"text":"working","start":5114.963,"end":5115.236},{"text":"with","start":5115.252,"end":5115.396},{"text":"partners","start":5115.428,"end":5115.701},{"text":"to","start":5115.701,"end":5115.798},{"text":"help","start":5115.83,"end":5116.006},{"text":"realize","start":5116.006,"end":5116.44},{"text":"that","start":5116.456,"end":5116.552},{"text":"potential.","start":5116.552,"end":5117.066}]},{"text":"Many thanks.","start":5117.596,"end":5118.174,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":5117.596,"end":5117.757},{"text":"thanks.","start":5117.821,"end":5118.174}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"GBR","affiliation_full":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":30,"start":5118.576,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5119","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the United Kingdom, and I now give the floor to Liberia, to be followed by France and Greece.","start":5118.576,"end":5127.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5118.576,"end":5118.592},{"text":"thank","start":5118.704,"end":5121.177},{"text":"the","start":5121.209,"end":5121.562},{"text":"United","start":5121.674,"end":5122.879},{"text":"Kingdom,","start":5122.879,"end":5123.794},{"text":"and","start":5123.858,"end":5123.938},{"text":"I","start":5123.938,"end":5124.019},{"text":"now","start":5124.019,"end":5124.131},{"text":"give","start":5124.26,"end":5124.468},{"text":"the","start":5124.484,"end":5124.581},{"text":"floor","start":5124.581,"end":5124.854},{"text":"to","start":5124.982,"end":5125.223},{"text":"Liberia,","start":5125.223,"end":5125.689},{"text":"to","start":5125.705,"end":5125.833},{"text":"be","start":5125.849,"end":5125.945},{"text":"followed","start":5125.945,"end":5126.315},{"text":"by","start":5126.347,"end":5126.524},{"text":"France","start":5126.524,"end":5127.262},{"text":"and","start":5127.471,"end":5127.535},{"text":"Greece.","start":5127.696,"end":5127.92}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":5133.802,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5134","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you. Thank you, Mr. President.","start":5133.802,"end":5135.533,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5133.802,"end":5134.052},{"text":"you.","start":5134.052,"end":5134.201},{"text":"Thank","start":5134.651,"end":5134.884},{"text":"you,","start":5134.884,"end":5134.917},{"text":"Mr.","start":5134.934,"end":5135.084},{"text":"President.","start":5135.134,"end":5135.533}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Excellencies, Liberia is honored to participate in this discussion.","start":5138.01,"end":5143.937,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5138.01,"end":5139.341},{"text":"Chair,","start":5139.406,"end":5139.682},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":5140.234,"end":5140.852},{"text":"Liberia","start":5141.046,"end":5141.452},{"text":"is","start":5141.452,"end":5141.582},{"text":"honored","start":5141.842,"end":5142.134},{"text":"to","start":5142.183,"end":5142.264},{"text":"participate","start":5142.264,"end":5143.06},{"text":"in","start":5143.06,"end":5143.125},{"text":"this","start":5143.158,"end":5143.401},{"text":"discussion.","start":5143.401,"end":5143.937}]},{"text":"We commend the Democratic Republic of the Congo for its leadership in placing natural resource governance at the center of the Council's peace and security agenda and thank the briefers for their insights.","start":5145.05,"end":5157.417,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5145.05,"end":5145.163},{"text":"commend","start":5145.227,"end":5145.567},{"text":"the","start":5145.567,"end":5145.632},{"text":"Democratic","start":5145.632,"end":5146.198},{"text":"Republic","start":5146.198,"end":5146.635},{"text":"of","start":5146.635,"end":5146.764},{"text":"the","start":5146.764,"end":5146.861},{"text":"Congo","start":5146.861,"end":5147.33},{"text":"for","start":5147.33,"end":5147.508},{"text":"its","start":5147.508,"end":5147.735},{"text":"leadership","start":5147.751,"end":5148.398},{"text":"in","start":5148.641,"end":5148.77},{"text":"placing","start":5148.803,"end":5149.175},{"text":"natural","start":5149.272,"end":5149.644},{"text":"resource","start":5149.692,"end":5150.242},{"text":"governance","start":5150.258,"end":5150.809},{"text":"at","start":5151.31,"end":5151.456},{"text":"the","start":5151.456,"end":5151.536},{"text":"center","start":5151.536,"end":5151.941},{"text":"of","start":5152.022,"end":5152.184},{"text":"the","start":5152.184,"end":5152.264},{"text":"Council's","start":5152.264,"end":5152.847},{"text":"peace","start":5152.847,"end":5153.089},{"text":"and","start":5153.089,"end":5153.154},{"text":"security","start":5153.154,"end":5153.704},{"text":"agenda","start":5153.72,"end":5154.19},{"text":"and","start":5154.895,"end":5154.962},{"text":"thank","start":5155.046,"end":5155.298},{"text":"the","start":5155.298,"end":5155.399},{"text":"briefers","start":5155.399,"end":5155.87},{"text":"for","start":5156.116,"end":5156.389},{"text":"their","start":5156.389,"end":5156.71},{"text":"insights.","start":5156.758,"end":5157.417}]},{"text":"This conversation is long overdue.","start":5158.22,"end":5160.227,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5158.22,"end":5158.445},{"text":"conversation","start":5158.445,"end":5159.151},{"text":"is","start":5159.264,"end":5159.312},{"text":"long","start":5159.489,"end":5159.714},{"text":"overdue.","start":5159.89,"end":5160.227}]},{"text":"Around the world, and acutely across Africa, natural resources sit at the nexus of geopolitical competition and armed conflict.","start":5161.673,"end":5171.229,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Around","start":5161.673,"end":5162.058},{"text":"the","start":5162.058,"end":5162.155},{"text":"world,","start":5162.155,"end":5162.621},{"text":"and","start":5162.637,"end":5162.797},{"text":"acutely","start":5162.797,"end":5163.408},{"text":"across","start":5163.44,"end":5163.873},{"text":"Africa,","start":5163.922,"end":5164.484},{"text":"natural","start":5164.725,"end":5165.174},{"text":"resources","start":5165.206,"end":5165.897},{"text":"sit","start":5165.929,"end":5166.459},{"text":"at","start":5166.636,"end":5166.732},{"text":"the","start":5166.732,"end":5166.812},{"text":"nexus","start":5166.812,"end":5167.455},{"text":"of","start":5167.455,"end":5167.583},{"text":"geopolitical","start":5167.599,"end":5168.354},{"text":"competition","start":5168.403,"end":5169.093},{"text":"and","start":5169.768,"end":5169.912},{"text":"armed","start":5170.089,"end":5170.474},{"text":"conflict.","start":5170.507,"end":5171.229}]},{"text":"Their trajectory, whether driving sustainable development or catalyzing instability, depends entirely on the strength of global governance, and global governance norms.","start":5172.337,"end":5186.727,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":5172.337,"end":5172.594},{"text":"trajectory,","start":5172.594,"end":5173.365},{"text":"whether","start":5174.024,"end":5174.361},{"text":"driving","start":5174.361,"end":5174.779},{"text":"sustainable","start":5174.779,"end":5175.453},{"text":"development","start":5175.485,"end":5176.176},{"text":"or","start":5176.272,"end":5176.369},{"text":"catalyzing","start":5176.369,"end":5177.14},{"text":"instability,","start":5177.397,"end":5178.103},{"text":"depends","start":5179.035,"end":5179.469},{"text":"entirely","start":5179.581,"end":5180.272},{"text":"on","start":5180.368,"end":5180.416},{"text":"the","start":5180.464,"end":5180.609},{"text":"strength","start":5180.609,"end":5181.107},{"text":"of","start":5181.187,"end":5181.316},{"text":"global","start":5181.348,"end":5181.717},{"text":"governance,","start":5181.813,"end":5182.295},{"text":"and","start":5184.72,"end":5184.833},{"text":"global","start":5184.963,"end":5185.432},{"text":"governance","start":5185.448,"end":5185.966},{"text":"norms.","start":5186.193,"end":5186.727}]},{"text":"The global governance of natural resources is no longer a development issue.","start":5189.819,"end":5196.26,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5189.819,"end":5189.884},{"text":"global","start":5189.916,"end":5190.369},{"text":"governance","start":5190.402,"end":5190.92},{"text":"of","start":5191.211,"end":5191.341},{"text":"natural","start":5191.454,"end":5192.053},{"text":"resources","start":5192.409,"end":5192.879},{"text":"is","start":5193.298,"end":5193.362},{"text":"no","start":5193.475,"end":5193.571},{"text":"longer","start":5193.716,"end":5194.28},{"text":"a","start":5195.068,"end":5195.229},{"text":"development","start":5195.229,"end":5195.97},{"text":"issue.","start":5195.97,"end":5196.26}]},{"text":"It has become a core matter of international peace and security.","start":5197.564,"end":5202.023,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5197.564,"end":5197.644},{"text":"has","start":5197.644,"end":5197.789},{"text":"become","start":5197.902,"end":5198.321},{"text":"a","start":5198.53,"end":5198.691},{"text":"core","start":5198.787,"end":5199.045},{"text":"matter","start":5199.125,"end":5199.673},{"text":"of","start":5199.818,"end":5199.882},{"text":"international","start":5199.995,"end":5200.687},{"text":"peace","start":5200.703,"end":5201.057},{"text":"and","start":5201.283,"end":5201.347},{"text":"security.","start":5201.428,"end":5202.023}]},{"text":"Liberia speaks from hard-earned experience.","start":5203.9,"end":5206.258,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Liberia","start":5203.9,"end":5204.111},{"text":"speaks","start":5204.111,"end":5204.648},{"text":"from","start":5204.648,"end":5204.729},{"text":"hard-earned","start":5204.81,"end":5205.509},{"text":"experience.","start":5205.656,"end":5206.258}]},{"text":"During our civil conflicts, timber and diamonds finance violence, hollowing out state institutions.","start":5207.331,"end":5215.219,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"During","start":5207.331,"end":5207.64},{"text":"our","start":5207.656,"end":5207.835},{"text":"civil","start":5207.835,"end":5208.29},{"text":"conflicts,","start":5208.307,"end":5208.827},{"text":"timber","start":5209.297,"end":5209.762},{"text":"and","start":5209.859,"end":5210.019},{"text":"diamonds","start":5210.019,"end":5210.484},{"text":"finance","start":5210.741,"end":5211.415},{"text":"violence,","start":5211.624,"end":5212.089},{"text":"hollowing","start":5212.908,"end":5213.293},{"text":"out","start":5213.55,"end":5213.855},{"text":"state","start":5213.887,"end":5214.369},{"text":"institutions.","start":5214.369,"end":5215.219}]},{"text":"In peacetime, through robust domestic reforms and international frameworks like the Kimberley Process, we learned that transparency and community inclusion can dismantle conflict economies.","start":5216.214,"end":5229.905,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5216.214,"end":5216.279},{"text":"peacetime,","start":5216.455,"end":5217.097},{"text":"through","start":5217.482,"end":5217.787},{"text":"robust","start":5217.819,"end":5218.333},{"text":"domestic","start":5218.381,"end":5218.879},{"text":"reforms","start":5219.007,"end":5219.569},{"text":"and","start":5219.569,"end":5219.649},{"text":"international","start":5219.649,"end":5220.275},{"text":"frameworks","start":5220.291,"end":5221.029},{"text":"like","start":5221.35,"end":5221.575},{"text":"the","start":5221.575,"end":5221.671},{"text":"Kimberley","start":5221.671,"end":5222.121},{"text":"Process,","start":5222.153,"end":5222.618},{"text":"we","start":5223.357,"end":5223.549},{"text":"learned","start":5223.581,"end":5223.902},{"text":"that","start":5223.902,"end":5223.999},{"text":"transparency","start":5223.999,"end":5224.849},{"text":"and","start":5224.962,"end":5225.026},{"text":"community","start":5225.122,"end":5225.812},{"text":"inclusion","start":5225.925,"end":5226.534},{"text":"can","start":5227.289,"end":5227.706},{"text":"dismantle","start":5227.931,"end":5228.637},{"text":"conflict","start":5228.798,"end":5229.375},{"text":"economies.","start":5229.375,"end":5229.905}]},{"text":"Our history proves that resource governance is not a technical afterthought.","start":5231.205,"end":5237.351,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":5231.205,"end":5231.35},{"text":"history","start":5231.366,"end":5231.751},{"text":"proves","start":5231.863,"end":5232.393},{"text":"that","start":5233.131,"end":5233.372},{"text":"resource","start":5233.372,"end":5233.837},{"text":"governance","start":5233.95,"end":5234.784},{"text":"is","start":5234.768,"end":5234.88},{"text":"not","start":5234.993,"end":5235.49},{"text":"a","start":5235.618,"end":5235.795},{"text":"technical","start":5235.795,"end":5236.485},{"text":"afterthought.","start":5236.661,"end":5237.351}]},{"text":"It is a frontline peacebuilding strategy.","start":5238.185,"end":5240.977,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5238.185,"end":5238.266},{"text":"is","start":5238.266,"end":5238.41},{"text":"a","start":5238.522,"end":5238.538},{"text":"frontline","start":5238.603,"end":5239.453},{"text":"peacebuilding","start":5239.645,"end":5240.303},{"text":"strategy.","start":5240.367,"end":5240.977}]},{"text":"In view of the above, Liberia wishes to emphasize 4 key points.","start":5242.437,"end":5247.234,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5242.437,"end":5242.581},{"text":"view","start":5242.694,"end":5242.822},{"text":"of","start":5242.934,"end":5243.063},{"text":"the","start":5243.095,"end":5243.223},{"text":"above,","start":5243.239,"end":5243.624},{"text":"Liberia","start":5244.362,"end":5244.779},{"text":"wishes","start":5244.779,"end":5245.068},{"text":"to","start":5245.1,"end":5245.309},{"text":"emphasize","start":5245.341,"end":5246.031},{"text":"4","start":5246.448,"end":5246.576},{"text":"key","start":5246.689,"end":5246.865},{"text":"points.","start":5246.865,"end":5247.234}]},{"text":"First, closing the normative gap is vital for conflict prevention.","start":5248.534,"end":5254.727,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5248.534,"end":5249.192},{"text":"closing","start":5250.539,"end":5250.988},{"text":"the","start":5251.117,"end":5251.197},{"text":"normative","start":5251.197,"end":5251.807},{"text":"gap","start":5251.839,"end":5252.24},{"text":"is","start":5252.625,"end":5252.689},{"text":"vital","start":5252.785,"end":5253.427},{"text":"for","start":5253.427,"end":5253.588},{"text":"conflict","start":5253.668,"end":5254.213},{"text":"prevention.","start":5254.229,"end":5254.727}]},{"text":"As global demand for critical minerals such as cobalt and lithium surges, weak governance risks fueling corruption, environmental degradation, and violence.","start":5256.155,"end":5269.545,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5256.155,"end":5256.219},{"text":"global","start":5256.331,"end":5256.7},{"text":"demand","start":5256.732,"end":5257.133},{"text":"for","start":5257.133,"end":5257.422},{"text":"critical","start":5257.438,"end":5257.791},{"text":"minerals","start":5257.791,"end":5258.224},{"text":"such","start":5258.272,"end":5258.625},{"text":"as","start":5258.722,"end":5258.834},{"text":"cobalt","start":5258.978,"end":5259.54},{"text":"and","start":5259.54,"end":5259.604},{"text":"lithium","start":5259.764,"end":5260.101},{"text":"surges,","start":5261.142,"end":5261.833},{"text":"weak","start":5262.893,"end":5263.246},{"text":"governance","start":5263.375,"end":5264.05},{"text":"risks","start":5264.355,"end":5264.917},{"text":"fueling","start":5264.982,"end":5265.448},{"text":"corruption,","start":5265.64,"end":5266.171},{"text":"environmental","start":5266.685,"end":5267.456},{"text":"degradation,","start":5267.488,"end":5268.339},{"text":"and","start":5268.854,"end":5268.918},{"text":"violence.","start":5269.014,"end":5269.545}]},{"text":"A human rights-based approach must anchor the entire value chain.","start":5270.846,"end":5276.467,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":5270.846,"end":5270.862},{"text":"human","start":5270.862,"end":5271.2},{"text":"rights-based","start":5271.2,"end":5272.312},{"text":"approach","start":5272.312,"end":5272.682},{"text":"must","start":5273.117,"end":5273.407},{"text":"anchor","start":5273.584,"end":5274.083},{"text":"the","start":5274.55,"end":5274.647},{"text":"entire","start":5274.647,"end":5275.388},{"text":"value","start":5275.855,"end":5276.258},{"text":"chain.","start":5276.258,"end":5276.467}]},{"text":"Second, the meaningful participation of affected communities is indispensable.","start":5277.401,"end":5284.412,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5277.401,"end":5277.836},{"text":"the","start":5279.382,"end":5279.462},{"text":"meaningful","start":5279.462,"end":5279.849},{"text":"participation","start":5279.962,"end":5280.774},{"text":"of","start":5280.774,"end":5280.92},{"text":"affected","start":5280.92,"end":5281.391},{"text":"communities","start":5281.489,"end":5282.203},{"text":"is","start":5282.788,"end":5283.015},{"text":"indispensable.","start":5283.519,"end":5284.412}]},{"text":"Excluding local populations from decisions over land and resources deepens grievances and erodes state legitimacy.","start":5285.727,"end":5295.972,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Excluding","start":5285.727,"end":5286.344},{"text":"local","start":5286.604,"end":5286.913},{"text":"populations","start":5287.026,"end":5287.806},{"text":"from","start":5287.838,"end":5288.001},{"text":"decisions","start":5288.29,"end":5288.691},{"text":"over","start":5289.109,"end":5289.431},{"text":"land","start":5289.447,"end":5290.058},{"text":"and","start":5290.395,"end":5290.636},{"text":"resources","start":5290.636,"end":5291.343},{"text":"deepens","start":5292.163,"end":5292.629},{"text":"grievances","start":5292.742,"end":5293.352},{"text":"and","start":5293.61,"end":5293.754},{"text":"erodes","start":5293.867,"end":5294.397},{"text":"state","start":5294.526,"end":5295.12},{"text":"legitimacy.","start":5295.233,"end":5295.972}]},{"text":"Protecting the rights of workers, women, and indigenous communities is a stabilizing force that fosters social cohesion and secures responsible investment.","start":5297.69,"end":5312.327,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Protecting","start":5297.69,"end":5298.012},{"text":"the","start":5298.125,"end":5298.271},{"text":"rights","start":5298.271,"end":5298.561},{"text":"of","start":5298.706,"end":5298.819},{"text":"workers,","start":5298.997,"end":5299.384},{"text":"women,","start":5300.304,"end":5300.675},{"text":"and","start":5301.111,"end":5301.321},{"text":"indigenous","start":5301.353,"end":5302.144},{"text":"communities","start":5302.144,"end":5302.773},{"text":"is","start":5303.516,"end":5303.742},{"text":"a","start":5303.935,"end":5303.951},{"text":"stabilizing","start":5303.951,"end":5304.871},{"text":"force","start":5304.968,"end":5305.436},{"text":"that","start":5306.195,"end":5306.356},{"text":"fosters","start":5306.356,"end":5306.97},{"text":"social","start":5307.066,"end":5307.55},{"text":"cohesion","start":5307.55,"end":5308.18},{"text":"and","start":5308.841,"end":5308.89},{"text":"secures","start":5308.89,"end":5309.632},{"text":"responsible","start":5310.132,"end":5311.004},{"text":"investment.","start":5311.585,"end":5312.327}]},{"text":"Third, Equitable benefit sharing must underwrite any global framework.","start":5313.602,"end":5321.255,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5313.602,"end":5314.021},{"text":"Equitable","start":5315.324,"end":5316.077},{"text":"benefit","start":5316.286,"end":5316.767},{"text":"sharing","start":5316.767,"end":5317.296},{"text":"must","start":5317.969,"end":5318.514},{"text":"underwrite","start":5318.61,"end":5319.38},{"text":"any","start":5319.732,"end":5319.989},{"text":"global","start":5320.197,"end":5320.582},{"text":"framework.","start":5320.758,"end":5321.255}]},{"text":"Mineral wealth must translate into tangible human development— schools, healthcare, and sustainable livelihoods.","start":5322.682,"end":5331.804,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Mineral","start":5322.682,"end":5323.147},{"text":"wealth","start":5323.243,"end":5323.548},{"text":"must","start":5323.836,"end":5324.301},{"text":"translate","start":5324.301,"end":5325.023},{"text":"into","start":5325.023,"end":5325.215},{"text":"tangible","start":5325.359,"end":5325.984},{"text":"human","start":5325.984,"end":5326.433},{"text":"development—","start":5326.465,"end":5327.075},{"text":"schools,","start":5327.491,"end":5328.117},{"text":"healthcare,","start":5328.934,"end":5329.527},{"text":"and","start":5330.217,"end":5330.281},{"text":"sustainable","start":5330.313,"end":5331.082},{"text":"livelihoods.","start":5331.114,"end":5331.804}]},{"text":"Without equity, extraction reproduces exploitation.","start":5332.782,"end":5337.815,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":5332.782,"end":5333.134},{"text":"equity,","start":5333.359,"end":5333.84},{"text":"extraction","start":5334.561,"end":5335.379},{"text":"reproduces","start":5335.523,"end":5336.453},{"text":"exploitation.","start":5336.805,"end":5337.815}]},{"text":"With equity, Resources pave a pathway to resilient societies.","start":5338.889,"end":5345.439,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":5338.889,"end":5339.162},{"text":"equity,","start":5339.274,"end":5339.739},{"text":"Resources","start":5340.477,"end":5341.184},{"text":"pave","start":5341.537,"end":5341.826},{"text":"a","start":5342.099,"end":5342.163},{"text":"pathway","start":5342.26,"end":5342.677},{"text":"to","start":5343.367,"end":5343.432},{"text":"resilient","start":5343.528,"end":5344.347},{"text":"societies.","start":5344.652,"end":5345.439}]},{"text":"Fourth, securing transparent supply chains directly weakens spoilers.","start":5346.916,"end":5353.628,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":5346.916,"end":5347.205},{"text":"securing","start":5348.345,"end":5348.971},{"text":"transparent","start":5349.068,"end":5349.774},{"text":"supply","start":5349.79,"end":5350.24},{"text":"chains","start":5350.368,"end":5350.818},{"text":"directly","start":5351.412,"end":5352.263},{"text":"weakens","start":5352.359,"end":5352.745},{"text":"spoilers.","start":5353.001,"end":5353.628}]},{"text":"Armed groups in the Sahel and the Great Lakes region continue to exploit illicit mining and logging to finance instability.","start":5354.928,"end":5365.317,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Armed","start":5354.928,"end":5355.426},{"text":"groups","start":5355.506,"end":5356.02},{"text":"in","start":5356.534,"end":5356.598},{"text":"the","start":5356.63,"end":5356.727},{"text":"Sahel","start":5356.727,"end":5357.369},{"text":"and","start":5357.738,"end":5357.931},{"text":"the","start":5357.931,"end":5357.995},{"text":"Great","start":5358.059,"end":5358.316},{"text":"Lakes","start":5358.316,"end":5358.637},{"text":"region","start":5358.637,"end":5359.135},{"text":"continue","start":5359.585,"end":5360.243},{"text":"to","start":5360.243,"end":5360.371},{"text":"exploit","start":5360.404,"end":5361.046},{"text":"illicit","start":5361.126,"end":5361.704},{"text":"mining","start":5361.704,"end":5362.138},{"text":"and","start":5362.395,"end":5362.539},{"text":"logging","start":5362.571,"end":5362.94},{"text":"to","start":5363.47,"end":5363.551},{"text":"finance","start":5363.615,"end":5364.353},{"text":"instability.","start":5364.562,"end":5365.317}]},{"text":"Robust traceability and mandatory due diligence are essential to disrupt these networks.","start":5366.506,"end":5375.588,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Robust","start":5366.506,"end":5367.414},{"text":"traceability","start":5367.479,"end":5368.355},{"text":"and","start":5368.857,"end":5369.198},{"text":"mandatory","start":5369.198,"end":5370.057},{"text":"due","start":5370.252,"end":5370.511},{"text":"diligence","start":5370.56,"end":5371.257},{"text":"are","start":5371.533,"end":5371.727},{"text":"essential","start":5371.776,"end":5372.619},{"text":"to","start":5373.073,"end":5373.17},{"text":"disrupt","start":5373.316,"end":5374.303},{"text":"these","start":5374.303,"end":5374.512},{"text":"networks.","start":5374.865,"end":5375.588}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Madam Chair, closing the normative gap is an investment in prevention.","start":5377.276,"end":5384.852,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5377.276,"end":5377.404},{"text":"conclusion,","start":5377.42,"end":5377.967},{"text":"Madam","start":5377.999,"end":5378.369},{"text":"Chair,","start":5378.626,"end":5378.963},{"text":"closing","start":5380.554,"end":5381.02},{"text":"the","start":5381.133,"end":5381.213},{"text":"normative","start":5381.213,"end":5381.824},{"text":"gap","start":5381.92,"end":5382.161},{"text":"is","start":5382.804,"end":5382.981},{"text":"an","start":5382.981,"end":5383.11},{"text":"investment","start":5383.11,"end":5383.924},{"text":"in","start":5384.103,"end":5384.168},{"text":"prevention.","start":5384.282,"end":5384.852}]},{"text":"Natural resources must finance peace, not violence.","start":5386.47,"end":5390.864,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":5386.47,"end":5387.037},{"text":"resources","start":5387.053,"end":5387.848},{"text":"must","start":5387.961,"end":5388.61},{"text":"finance","start":5388.61,"end":5389.275},{"text":"peace,","start":5389.339,"end":5389.55},{"text":"not","start":5390.296,"end":5390.556},{"text":"violence.","start":5390.556,"end":5390.864}]},{"text":"Strengthen states, not armed groups, and deliver prosperity, not instability.","start":5392.418,"end":5400.943,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Strengthen","start":5392.418,"end":5393.203},{"text":"states,","start":5393.491,"end":5394.196},{"text":"not","start":5394.661,"end":5394.95},{"text":"armed","start":5395.222,"end":5395.446},{"text":"groups,","start":5395.478,"end":5395.959},{"text":"and","start":5396.905,"end":5397.081},{"text":"deliver","start":5397.081,"end":5397.61},{"text":"prosperity,","start":5397.642,"end":5398.459},{"text":"not","start":5399.389,"end":5399.741},{"text":"instability.","start":5399.741,"end":5400.943}]},{"text":"Liberia stands ready to work with the DRC and member states to ensure human dignity and environmental integrity remain at the heart of global resource governance.","start":5401.872,"end":5415.077,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Liberia","start":5401.872,"end":5402.225},{"text":"stands","start":5402.225,"end":5402.626},{"text":"ready","start":5402.754,"end":5403.01},{"text":"to","start":5403.074,"end":5403.219},{"text":"work","start":5403.235,"end":5403.491},{"text":"with","start":5403.491,"end":5403.635},{"text":"the","start":5403.635,"end":5403.731},{"text":"DRC","start":5403.795,"end":5404.372},{"text":"and","start":5404.372,"end":5404.469},{"text":"member","start":5404.533,"end":5404.757},{"text":"states","start":5404.757,"end":5405.174},{"text":"to","start":5405.59,"end":5405.734},{"text":"ensure","start":5405.734,"end":5406.392},{"text":"human","start":5406.68,"end":5406.984},{"text":"dignity","start":5407.081,"end":5407.609},{"text":"and","start":5408.282,"end":5408.539},{"text":"environmental","start":5408.539,"end":5409.484},{"text":"integrity","start":5409.484,"end":5410.238},{"text":"remain","start":5410.302,"end":5410.75},{"text":"at","start":5411.327,"end":5411.439},{"text":"the","start":5411.439,"end":5411.648},{"text":"heart","start":5411.728,"end":5412.112},{"text":"of","start":5412.561,"end":5412.641},{"text":"global","start":5412.77,"end":5413.298},{"text":"resource","start":5413.731,"end":5414.276},{"text":"governance.","start":5414.693,"end":5415.077}]},{"text":"I thank you for your kind attention.","start":5415.574,"end":5416.327,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5415.574,"end":5415.59},{"text":"thank","start":5415.59,"end":5415.83},{"text":"you","start":5415.83,"end":5415.91},{"text":"for","start":5415.91,"end":5415.991},{"text":"your","start":5415.991,"end":5416.039},{"text":"kind","start":5416.039,"end":5416.119},{"text":"attention.","start":5416.119,"end":5416.327}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5416.375,"end":5416.535,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5416.375,"end":5416.455},{"text":"you.","start":5416.455,"end":5416.535}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LBR","affiliation_full":"Liberia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":5418.836,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5419","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Liberia and I now give the floor to France to be followed by Greece and the Russian Federation.","start":5418.836,"end":5424.449,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5418.836,"end":5418.884},{"text":"thank","start":5418.949,"end":5419.335},{"text":"Liberia","start":5419.335,"end":5419.737},{"text":"and","start":5419.737,"end":5419.898},{"text":"I","start":5419.898,"end":5419.914},{"text":"now","start":5419.914,"end":5420.139},{"text":"give","start":5420.139,"end":5420.3},{"text":"the","start":5420.3,"end":5420.38},{"text":"floor","start":5420.38,"end":5420.686},{"text":"to","start":5420.686,"end":5420.879},{"text":"France","start":5421.039,"end":5421.506},{"text":"to","start":5421.506,"end":5421.667},{"text":"be","start":5421.667,"end":5421.827},{"text":"followed","start":5421.827,"end":5422.358},{"text":"by","start":5422.39,"end":5422.712},{"text":"Greece","start":5422.712,"end":5423.066},{"text":"and","start":5423.355,"end":5423.436},{"text":"the","start":5423.452,"end":5423.58},{"text":"Russian","start":5423.58,"end":5423.805},{"text":"Federation.","start":5423.902,"end":5424.449}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":33,"start":5429.822,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5430","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, I would like to welcome the Minister for State Minister for Foreign Affairs of the DRC, and I also wish to thank you for.","start":5429.822,"end":5442.305,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5429.822,"end":5430.227},{"text":"you,","start":5430.227,"end":5430.34},{"text":"Mr.","start":5431.035,"end":5431.245},{"text":"President.","start":5431.294,"end":5431.989},{"text":"Mr.","start":5432.183,"end":5432.442},{"text":"President,","start":5432.49,"end":5433.234},{"text":"I","start":5434.107,"end":5434.156},{"text":"would","start":5434.366,"end":5434.673},{"text":"like","start":5434.673,"end":5434.916},{"text":"to","start":5434.916,"end":5435.094},{"text":"welcome","start":5435.175,"end":5435.708},{"text":"the","start":5436.856,"end":5437.115},{"text":"Minister","start":5437.115,"end":5437.503},{"text":"for","start":5437.503,"end":5437.778},{"text":"State","start":5437.778,"end":5438.231},{"text":"Minister","start":5438.231,"end":5438.441},{"text":"for","start":5438.441,"end":5438.57},{"text":"Foreign","start":5438.57,"end":5438.7},{"text":"Affairs","start":5438.7,"end":5438.942},{"text":"of","start":5438.974,"end":5439.104},{"text":"the","start":5439.12,"end":5439.314},{"text":"DRC,","start":5439.362,"end":5440.106},{"text":"and","start":5440.899,"end":5441.222},{"text":"I","start":5441.222,"end":5441.271},{"text":"also","start":5441.303,"end":5441.497},{"text":"wish","start":5441.497,"end":5441.642},{"text":"to","start":5441.642,"end":5441.772},{"text":"thank","start":5441.788,"end":5442.192},{"text":"you","start":5442.192,"end":5442.241},{"text":"for.","start":5442.241,"end":5442.305}]},{"text":"Thank you for presiding over this meeting.","start":5442.52,"end":5444.429,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5442.52,"end":5442.776},{"text":"you","start":5442.872,"end":5443.001},{"text":"for","start":5443.386,"end":5443.514},{"text":"presiding","start":5443.514,"end":5443.915},{"text":"over","start":5443.915,"end":5444.044},{"text":"this","start":5444.06,"end":5444.236},{"text":"meeting.","start":5444.236,"end":5444.429}]},{"text":"I also wish to thank those who have shed light to us— shed light on this important issue.","start":5444.493,"end":5451.311,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5444.493,"end":5444.541},{"text":"also","start":5444.541,"end":5444.734},{"text":"wish","start":5444.798,"end":5444.91},{"text":"to","start":5445.038,"end":5445.247},{"text":"thank","start":5445.664,"end":5446.161},{"text":"those","start":5446.386,"end":5446.691},{"text":"who","start":5446.964,"end":5447.06},{"text":"have","start":5447.525,"end":5447.814},{"text":"shed","start":5447.91,"end":5448.135},{"text":"light","start":5448.231,"end":5448.664},{"text":"to","start":5448.889,"end":5449.017},{"text":"us—","start":5449.129,"end":5449.242},{"text":"shed","start":5449.627,"end":5449.867},{"text":"light","start":5449.916,"end":5450.156},{"text":"on","start":5450.156,"end":5450.22},{"text":"this","start":5450.252,"end":5450.365},{"text":"important","start":5450.413,"end":5450.846},{"text":"issue.","start":5450.958,"end":5451.311}]},{"text":"It is a key fundamental issue that the Congolese Presidency of the Security Council has placed at the heart of our discussion, that of the link between natural resources and peace, which has been fueling a number of issues on our agenda and undergirding multiple crises.","start":5452.017,"end":5466.745,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5452.017,"end":5452.114},{"text":"is","start":5452.114,"end":5452.258},{"text":"a","start":5452.258,"end":5452.402},{"text":"key","start":5452.579,"end":5452.916},{"text":"fundamental","start":5453.204,"end":5453.702},{"text":"issue","start":5453.702,"end":5453.991},{"text":"that","start":5454.087,"end":5454.263},{"text":"the","start":5454.263,"end":5454.52},{"text":"Congolese","start":5454.584,"end":5454.953},{"text":"Presidency","start":5455.066,"end":5455.402},{"text":"of","start":5455.402,"end":5455.467},{"text":"the","start":5455.467,"end":5455.499},{"text":"Security","start":5455.499,"end":5455.707},{"text":"Council","start":5455.707,"end":5456.285},{"text":"has","start":5456.493,"end":5456.558},{"text":"placed","start":5456.654,"end":5456.894},{"text":"at","start":5456.894,"end":5456.975},{"text":"the","start":5456.975,"end":5457.055},{"text":"heart","start":5457.055,"end":5457.472},{"text":"of","start":5457.472,"end":5457.681},{"text":"our","start":5457.713,"end":5457.777},{"text":"discussion,","start":5457.889,"end":5458.403},{"text":"that","start":5458.515,"end":5458.756},{"text":"of","start":5458.756,"end":5458.884},{"text":"the","start":5458.9,"end":5458.996},{"text":"link","start":5458.996,"end":5459.221},{"text":"between","start":5459.237,"end":5459.51},{"text":"natural","start":5459.558,"end":5459.83},{"text":"resources","start":5459.879,"end":5460.167},{"text":"and","start":5460.199,"end":5460.264},{"text":"peace,","start":5460.264,"end":5460.584},{"text":"which","start":5460.601,"end":5460.841},{"text":"has","start":5460.841,"end":5461.05},{"text":"been","start":5461.804,"end":5461.98},{"text":"fueling","start":5462.044,"end":5462.413},{"text":"a","start":5462.51,"end":5462.526},{"text":"number","start":5462.526,"end":5462.927},{"text":"of","start":5462.927,"end":5463.135},{"text":"issues","start":5463.167,"end":5463.456},{"text":"on","start":5463.553,"end":5463.665},{"text":"our","start":5463.665,"end":5463.745},{"text":"agenda","start":5463.745,"end":5464.274},{"text":"and","start":5464.355,"end":5464.499},{"text":"undergirding","start":5464.595,"end":5465.462},{"text":"multiple","start":5465.975,"end":5466.36},{"text":"crises.","start":5466.36,"end":5466.745}]},{"text":"For this reason, the Security Council recently enhanced its monitoring of this issue during— inter alia, the meeting under— during the U.S. presidency in March, as well as the ARIA Formula meeting, which was organized by Sierra Leone one year ago.","start":5466.841,"end":5480.662,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":5466.841,"end":5466.922},{"text":"this","start":5466.922,"end":5467.034},{"text":"reason,","start":5467.098,"end":5467.226},{"text":"the","start":5467.243,"end":5467.275},{"text":"Security","start":5467.323,"end":5467.579},{"text":"Council","start":5467.579,"end":5467.9},{"text":"recently","start":5467.9,"end":5468.301},{"text":"enhanced","start":5468.622,"end":5469.184},{"text":"its","start":5469.184,"end":5469.329},{"text":"monitoring","start":5469.329,"end":5469.714},{"text":"of","start":5469.762,"end":5469.826},{"text":"this","start":5469.826,"end":5469.939},{"text":"issue","start":5470.051,"end":5470.356},{"text":"during—","start":5470.934,"end":5471.143},{"text":"inter","start":5471.351,"end":5471.672},{"text":"alia,","start":5471.672,"end":5471.817},{"text":"the","start":5471.849,"end":5471.929},{"text":"meeting","start":5471.929,"end":5472.218},{"text":"under—","start":5472.459,"end":5472.796},{"text":"during","start":5472.876,"end":5473.133},{"text":"the","start":5473.133,"end":5473.374},{"text":"U.S.","start":5473.679,"end":5473.856},{"text":"presidency","start":5473.904,"end":5474.482},{"text":"in","start":5474.482,"end":5474.562},{"text":"March,","start":5474.562,"end":5474.963},{"text":"as","start":5475.284,"end":5475.413},{"text":"well","start":5475.509,"end":5475.75},{"text":"as","start":5475.83,"end":5476.055},{"text":"the","start":5476.231,"end":5476.36},{"text":"ARIA","start":5476.472,"end":5476.793},{"text":"Formula","start":5476.793,"end":5477.211},{"text":"meeting,","start":5477.211,"end":5477.499},{"text":"which","start":5477.532,"end":5477.676},{"text":"was","start":5477.676,"end":5477.821},{"text":"organized","start":5478.254,"end":5478.591},{"text":"by","start":5478.591,"end":5478.736},{"text":"Sierra","start":5478.736,"end":5479.057},{"text":"Leone","start":5479.057,"end":5479.249},{"text":"one","start":5479.362,"end":5479.506},{"text":"year","start":5479.923,"end":5480.212},{"text":"ago.","start":5480.261,"end":5480.662}]},{"text":"How can we deny the fact that competition over control of natural resources is both a factor of conflict and instability and a source of revenue for far too many local or international actors who engage in illegal and illicit exploitation thereof.","start":5481.529,"end":5496.683,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"How","start":5481.529,"end":5481.705},{"text":"can","start":5481.705,"end":5481.85},{"text":"we","start":5481.85,"end":5481.946},{"text":"deny","start":5481.946,"end":5482.267},{"text":"the","start":5482.267,"end":5482.347},{"text":"fact","start":5482.347,"end":5482.668},{"text":"that","start":5482.668,"end":5483.535},{"text":"competition","start":5483.535,"end":5483.904},{"text":"over","start":5483.937,"end":5484.097},{"text":"control","start":5484.274,"end":5484.579},{"text":"of","start":5484.579,"end":5484.611},{"text":"natural","start":5484.611,"end":5484.996},{"text":"resources","start":5484.996,"end":5485.446},{"text":"is","start":5485.478,"end":5485.526},{"text":"both","start":5485.638,"end":5485.815},{"text":"a","start":5485.815,"end":5485.879},{"text":"factor","start":5485.879,"end":5486.28},{"text":"of","start":5486.28,"end":5486.425},{"text":"conflict","start":5486.425,"end":5486.778},{"text":"and","start":5486.778,"end":5486.826},{"text":"instability","start":5486.826,"end":5487.372},{"text":"and","start":5487.548,"end":5487.966},{"text":"a","start":5488.367,"end":5488.383},{"text":"source","start":5488.431,"end":5488.656},{"text":"of","start":5488.752,"end":5488.849},{"text":"revenue","start":5488.849,"end":5489.202},{"text":"for","start":5489.314,"end":5489.507},{"text":"far","start":5489.555,"end":5489.812},{"text":"too","start":5489.812,"end":5490.085},{"text":"many","start":5490.598,"end":5490.823},{"text":"local","start":5491,"end":5491.289},{"text":"or","start":5491.417,"end":5491.497},{"text":"international","start":5491.497,"end":5492.493},{"text":"actors","start":5492.926,"end":5493.311},{"text":"who","start":5493.408,"end":5493.472},{"text":"engage","start":5493.504,"end":5493.953},{"text":"in","start":5494.13,"end":5494.194},{"text":"illegal","start":5494.403,"end":5494.997},{"text":"and","start":5495.093,"end":5495.206},{"text":"illicit","start":5495.206,"end":5495.671},{"text":"exploitation","start":5495.8,"end":5496.201},{"text":"thereof.","start":5496.233,"end":5496.683}]},{"text":"This is an observation that applies to Africa, whose wealth is subject of plunder by such actors who use and exploit the wealth in order to finance their activities and who seize these sources of wealth for the benefit of external powers.","start":5497.18,"end":5516.593,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5497.18,"end":5497.373},{"text":"is","start":5497.373,"end":5497.485},{"text":"an","start":5497.518,"end":5497.598},{"text":"observation","start":5497.598,"end":5498.128},{"text":"that","start":5498.16,"end":5498.32},{"text":"applies","start":5498.32,"end":5498.69},{"text":"to","start":5498.802,"end":5499.011},{"text":"Africa,","start":5499.268,"end":5499.862},{"text":"whose","start":5500.311,"end":5500.616},{"text":"wealth","start":5500.809,"end":5501.259},{"text":"is","start":5501.451,"end":5501.548},{"text":"subject","start":5501.548,"end":5502.094},{"text":"of","start":5502.094,"end":5502.222},{"text":"plunder","start":5502.254,"end":5502.929},{"text":"by","start":5503.442,"end":5503.571},{"text":"such","start":5503.78,"end":5504.101},{"text":"actors","start":5504.245,"end":5504.711},{"text":"who","start":5505.209,"end":5505.433},{"text":"use","start":5505.546,"end":5505.995},{"text":"and","start":5506.108,"end":5506.204},{"text":"exploit","start":5506.204,"end":5506.83},{"text":"the","start":5506.83,"end":5506.895},{"text":"wealth","start":5506.911,"end":5507.152},{"text":"in","start":5507.152,"end":5507.2},{"text":"order","start":5507.296,"end":5507.457},{"text":"to","start":5507.457,"end":5507.505},{"text":"finance","start":5507.553,"end":5508.003},{"text":"their","start":5508.211,"end":5508.388},{"text":"activities","start":5508.998,"end":5509.528},{"text":"and","start":5509.624,"end":5509.721},{"text":"who","start":5509.721,"end":5509.897},{"text":"seize","start":5511.101,"end":5511.696},{"text":"these","start":5511.952,"end":5512.338},{"text":"sources","start":5512.948,"end":5513.349},{"text":"of","start":5513.398,"end":5513.462},{"text":"wealth","start":5513.494,"end":5513.783},{"text":"for","start":5513.879,"end":5514.072},{"text":"the","start":5515.003,"end":5515.1},{"text":"benefit","start":5515.1,"end":5515.501},{"text":"of","start":5515.501,"end":5515.565},{"text":"external","start":5515.565,"end":5516.127},{"text":"powers.","start":5516.143,"end":5516.593}]},{"text":"This illegal seizure of resources fuels conflict, fans the flames of violence and exacerbates the suffering of civilian populations.","start":5516.785,"end":5525.392,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5516.785,"end":5516.978},{"text":"illegal","start":5517.267,"end":5517.685},{"text":"seizure","start":5517.685,"end":5518.247},{"text":"of","start":5518.616,"end":5518.777},{"text":"resources","start":5518.777,"end":5519.242},{"text":"fuels","start":5519.355,"end":5519.611},{"text":"conflict,","start":5519.74,"end":5520.543},{"text":"fans","start":5521.33,"end":5521.811},{"text":"the","start":5521.843,"end":5521.875},{"text":"flames","start":5521.924,"end":5522.389},{"text":"of","start":5522.389,"end":5522.502},{"text":"violence","start":5522.582,"end":5523.047},{"text":"and","start":5523.047,"end":5523.112},{"text":"exacerbates","start":5523.128,"end":5523.754},{"text":"the","start":5523.754,"end":5523.802},{"text":"suffering","start":5523.834,"end":5524.22},{"text":"of","start":5524.236,"end":5524.3},{"text":"civilian","start":5524.316,"end":5524.669},{"text":"populations.","start":5524.669,"end":5525.392}]},{"text":"This is the case in Sudan, where the protracted conflict emanates from the plunder of gold and other resources, as is reflected in the report from the Panel of Experts.","start":5525.44,"end":5536.871,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5525.44,"end":5525.616},{"text":"is","start":5525.616,"end":5525.697},{"text":"the","start":5525.761,"end":5525.857},{"text":"case","start":5525.857,"end":5526.21},{"text":"in","start":5526.243,"end":5526.323},{"text":"Sudan,","start":5526.323,"end":5526.788},{"text":"where","start":5527.286,"end":5527.382},{"text":"the","start":5527.382,"end":5527.607},{"text":"protracted","start":5527.784,"end":5528.41},{"text":"conflict","start":5528.41,"end":5528.908},{"text":"emanates","start":5529.149,"end":5529.518},{"text":"from","start":5529.694,"end":5531.348},{"text":"the","start":5531.621,"end":5531.814},{"text":"plunder","start":5531.862,"end":5532.199},{"text":"of","start":5532.199,"end":5532.408},{"text":"gold","start":5532.44,"end":5533.066},{"text":"and","start":5533.146,"end":5533.387},{"text":"other","start":5533.403,"end":5533.564},{"text":"resources,","start":5533.564,"end":5533.981},{"text":"as","start":5534.029,"end":5534.094},{"text":"is","start":5534.142,"end":5534.254},{"text":"reflected","start":5534.286,"end":5534.736},{"text":"in","start":5534.784,"end":5534.832},{"text":"the","start":5534.848,"end":5534.929},{"text":"report","start":5534.929,"end":5535.635},{"text":"from","start":5535.715,"end":5536.117},{"text":"the","start":5536.117,"end":5536.197},{"text":"Panel","start":5536.197,"end":5536.438},{"text":"of","start":5536.438,"end":5536.518},{"text":"Experts.","start":5536.518,"end":5536.871}]},{"text":"This is the case in the east of the DRC, where the M23 controls 15 to 23% of global coltan.","start":5536.919,"end":5547.099,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5536.919,"end":5537.032},{"text":"is","start":5537.096,"end":5537.144},{"text":"the","start":5537.176,"end":5537.337},{"text":"case","start":5537.337,"end":5537.674},{"text":"in","start":5538.364,"end":5538.413},{"text":"the","start":5538.525,"end":5538.718},{"text":"east","start":5538.766,"end":5539.199},{"text":"of","start":5539.248,"end":5539.472},{"text":"the","start":5539.504,"end":5539.745},{"text":"DRC,","start":5539.745,"end":5540.885},{"text":"where","start":5541.736,"end":5541.993},{"text":"the","start":5541.993,"end":5542.186},{"text":"M23","start":5542.298,"end":5543.149},{"text":"controls","start":5543.438,"end":5543.888},{"text":"15","start":5544.016,"end":5544.305},{"text":"to","start":5544.305,"end":5544.401},{"text":"23%","start":5544.401,"end":5545.06},{"text":"of","start":5545.108,"end":5545.606},{"text":"global","start":5545.686,"end":5546.039},{"text":"coltan.","start":5546.633,"end":5547.099}]},{"text":"Production through the Rubaya site, thereby financing its illegal administration in a complete and utter breach of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the DRC.","start":5547.676,"end":5558.982,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Production","start":5547.676,"end":5548.382},{"text":"through","start":5548.414,"end":5548.671},{"text":"the","start":5548.671,"end":5548.815},{"text":"Rubaya","start":5548.815,"end":5549.537},{"text":"site,","start":5549.713,"end":5550.194},{"text":"thereby","start":5550.803,"end":5551.14},{"text":"financing","start":5551.14,"end":5551.814},{"text":"its","start":5551.958,"end":5552.118},{"text":"illegal","start":5552.167,"end":5552.503},{"text":"administration","start":5552.503,"end":5553.514},{"text":"in","start":5554.091,"end":5554.187},{"text":"a","start":5554.187,"end":5554.267},{"text":"complete","start":5554.267,"end":5555.133},{"text":"and","start":5555.31,"end":5555.374},{"text":"utter","start":5555.55,"end":5555.759},{"text":"breach","start":5555.775,"end":5556.112},{"text":"of","start":5556.112,"end":5556.208},{"text":"the","start":5556.208,"end":5556.448},{"text":"sovereignty","start":5556.448,"end":5556.785},{"text":"and","start":5556.817,"end":5556.897},{"text":"territorial","start":5556.897,"end":5557.298},{"text":"integrity","start":5557.298,"end":5557.683},{"text":"of","start":5557.715,"end":5557.811},{"text":"the","start":5557.876,"end":5557.956},{"text":"DRC.","start":5558.357,"end":5558.982}]},{"text":"The Congolese population has for far too long been suffering the consequences of external predation and the acts of external groups, and France once again calls upon the parties to act in accordance with Resolution 2773 of the Security Council, which calls for the immediate cessation of hostilities, the meaningful withdrawal from Congolese territory of the Rwandan Defense Forces, an end to Rwandan support for the M23, and the meaningful neutralization of the FDLR by the DRC.","start":5560.281,"end":5593.947,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5560.281,"end":5560.361},{"text":"Congolese","start":5560.361,"end":5560.81},{"text":"population","start":5560.907,"end":5561.532},{"text":"has","start":5561.548,"end":5561.692},{"text":"for","start":5561.789,"end":5561.869},{"text":"far","start":5561.885,"end":5562.125},{"text":"too","start":5562.125,"end":5562.254},{"text":"long","start":5562.671,"end":5562.815},{"text":"been","start":5562.991,"end":5563.136},{"text":"suffering","start":5563.184,"end":5563.537},{"text":"the","start":5563.569,"end":5563.649},{"text":"consequences","start":5563.649,"end":5564.194},{"text":"of","start":5564.194,"end":5564.226},{"text":"external","start":5564.226,"end":5564.643},{"text":"predation","start":5564.996,"end":5565.541},{"text":"and","start":5565.637,"end":5565.702},{"text":"the","start":5565.958,"end":5566.199},{"text":"acts","start":5566.279,"end":5566.696},{"text":"of","start":5566.696,"end":5566.824},{"text":"external","start":5566.872,"end":5567.241},{"text":"groups,","start":5567.241,"end":5567.514},{"text":"and","start":5568.283,"end":5568.684},{"text":"France","start":5568.781,"end":5569.085},{"text":"once","start":5569.085,"end":5569.198},{"text":"again","start":5569.198,"end":5569.47},{"text":"calls","start":5569.486,"end":5569.711},{"text":"upon","start":5569.759,"end":5570.031},{"text":"the","start":5570.047,"end":5570.144},{"text":"parties","start":5570.144,"end":5570.513},{"text":"to","start":5570.785,"end":5570.929},{"text":"act","start":5571.09,"end":5571.266},{"text":"in","start":5571.266,"end":5571.33},{"text":"accordance","start":5571.33,"end":5571.635},{"text":"with","start":5571.667,"end":5571.763},{"text":"Resolution","start":5571.763,"end":5572.325},{"text":"2773","start":5572.373,"end":5573.431},{"text":"of","start":5573.816,"end":5573.896},{"text":"the","start":5573.896,"end":5573.928},{"text":"Security","start":5573.928,"end":5574.281},{"text":"Council,","start":5574.297,"end":5574.922},{"text":"which","start":5575.194,"end":5575.323},{"text":"calls","start":5575.435,"end":5575.643},{"text":"for","start":5575.675,"end":5575.819},{"text":"the","start":5575.819,"end":5575.916},{"text":"immediate","start":5575.996,"end":5576.701},{"text":"cessation","start":5576.701,"end":5577.166},{"text":"of","start":5577.214,"end":5577.294},{"text":"hostilities,","start":5577.342,"end":5578.208},{"text":"the","start":5578.961,"end":5579.201},{"text":"meaningful","start":5579.922,"end":5580.548},{"text":"withdrawal","start":5580.628,"end":5581.044},{"text":"from","start":5581.044,"end":5581.461},{"text":"Congolese","start":5581.669,"end":5582.375},{"text":"territory","start":5582.407,"end":5582.775},{"text":"of","start":5582.952,"end":5583.096},{"text":"the","start":5583.112,"end":5583.192},{"text":"Rwandan","start":5583.192,"end":5583.609},{"text":"Defense","start":5583.609,"end":5584.122},{"text":"Forces,","start":5584.25,"end":5584.699},{"text":"an","start":5585.276,"end":5585.324},{"text":"end","start":5585.757,"end":5586.189},{"text":"to","start":5586.253,"end":5586.414},{"text":"Rwandan","start":5586.414,"end":5586.878},{"text":"support","start":5586.878,"end":5587.279},{"text":"for","start":5587.279,"end":5587.375},{"text":"the","start":5587.375,"end":5587.52},{"text":"M23,","start":5587.616,"end":5588.497},{"text":"and","start":5588.962,"end":5589.347},{"text":"the","start":5589.523,"end":5589.731},{"text":"meaningful","start":5590.18,"end":5590.821},{"text":"neutralization","start":5590.821,"end":5591.623},{"text":"of","start":5591.623,"end":5591.703},{"text":"the","start":5591.703,"end":5591.927},{"text":"FDLR","start":5592.007,"end":5592.761},{"text":"by","start":5592.825,"end":5593.065},{"text":"the","start":5593.065,"end":5593.145},{"text":"DRC.","start":5593.145,"end":5593.947}]},{"text":"The resolution also calls for— and I wish to recall this— renewed efforts to combat the illicit exploitation of natural resources.","start":5594.331,"end":5602.489,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5594.331,"end":5594.411},{"text":"resolution","start":5594.427,"end":5594.86},{"text":"also","start":5594.908,"end":5595.229},{"text":"calls","start":5595.229,"end":5595.517},{"text":"for—","start":5596.287,"end":5596.607},{"text":"and","start":5596.832,"end":5596.896},{"text":"I","start":5596.928,"end":5597.056},{"text":"wish","start":5597.152,"end":5597.312},{"text":"to","start":5597.312,"end":5597.377},{"text":"recall","start":5597.377,"end":5597.617},{"text":"this—","start":5597.617,"end":5597.729},{"text":"renewed","start":5597.938,"end":5598.242},{"text":"efforts","start":5598.338,"end":5598.835},{"text":"to","start":5598.835,"end":5598.963},{"text":"combat","start":5598.979,"end":5599.54},{"text":"the","start":5599.54,"end":5599.717},{"text":"illicit","start":5599.717,"end":5600.454},{"text":"exploitation","start":5600.518,"end":5601.207},{"text":"of","start":5601.255,"end":5601.335},{"text":"natural","start":5601.335,"end":5601.784},{"text":"resources.","start":5601.784,"end":5602.489}]},{"text":"By mobilizing transparency and traceability mechanisms, as well as those for mineral export.","start":5603.099,"end":5610.703,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":5603.099,"end":5603.275},{"text":"mobilizing","start":5603.628,"end":5604.318},{"text":"transparency","start":5604.366,"end":5605.297},{"text":"and","start":5605.489,"end":5605.554},{"text":"traceability","start":5605.57,"end":5606.227},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":5606.227,"end":5607.142},{"text":"as","start":5607.8,"end":5608.024},{"text":"well","start":5608.136,"end":5608.441},{"text":"as","start":5608.521,"end":5608.586},{"text":"those","start":5608.682,"end":5608.826},{"text":"for","start":5609.003,"end":5609.131},{"text":"mineral","start":5609.436,"end":5609.933},{"text":"export.","start":5609.997,"end":5610.703}]},{"text":"The Council needs to leverage the tools at its disposal in situations of conflict which are exacerbated by the illicit trafficking in natural resources.","start":5611.088,"end":5618.853,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5611.088,"end":5611.153},{"text":"Council","start":5611.185,"end":5611.602},{"text":"needs","start":5611.602,"end":5611.907},{"text":"to","start":5611.907,"end":5612.051},{"text":"leverage","start":5612.051,"end":5612.372},{"text":"the","start":5612.372,"end":5612.452},{"text":"tools","start":5612.452,"end":5612.757},{"text":"at","start":5612.853,"end":5612.949},{"text":"its","start":5612.949,"end":5613.27},{"text":"disposal","start":5613.431,"end":5614.249},{"text":"in","start":5614.698,"end":5614.746},{"text":"situations","start":5615.115,"end":5615.661},{"text":"of","start":5615.677,"end":5615.757},{"text":"conflict","start":5615.757,"end":5616.302},{"text":"which","start":5616.302,"end":5616.399},{"text":"are","start":5616.399,"end":5616.479},{"text":"exacerbated","start":5616.479,"end":5616.976},{"text":"by","start":5616.976,"end":5617.056},{"text":"the","start":5617.056,"end":5617.121},{"text":"illicit","start":5617.121,"end":5617.393},{"text":"trafficking","start":5617.425,"end":5617.81},{"text":"in","start":5617.843,"end":5617.923},{"text":"natural","start":5617.923,"end":5618.195},{"text":"resources.","start":5618.244,"end":5618.853}]},{"text":"A number of groups— of expert groups play an important role in shedding light on these dynamics and their contribution to the financing of destabilizing activities inter alia, as I mentioned, in Sudan, the DRC, and the Central African Republic.","start":5619.527,"end":5634.635,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":5619.527,"end":5619.543},{"text":"number","start":5619.543,"end":5619.928},{"text":"of","start":5619.928,"end":5620.024},{"text":"groups—","start":5620.169,"end":5620.57},{"text":"of","start":5620.57,"end":5620.698},{"text":"expert","start":5621.131,"end":5621.516},{"text":"groups","start":5621.532,"end":5622.014},{"text":"play","start":5622.014,"end":5622.575},{"text":"an","start":5622.736,"end":5622.88},{"text":"important","start":5622.88,"end":5623.377},{"text":"role","start":5623.377,"end":5623.618},{"text":"in","start":5623.618,"end":5623.698},{"text":"shedding","start":5623.698,"end":5623.923},{"text":"light","start":5624.019,"end":5624.404},{"text":"on","start":5624.404,"end":5624.516},{"text":"these","start":5624.516,"end":5624.629},{"text":"dynamics","start":5624.677,"end":5625.286},{"text":"and","start":5625.286,"end":5625.431},{"text":"their","start":5625.607,"end":5625.736},{"text":"contribution","start":5626.345,"end":5626.955},{"text":"to","start":5627.067,"end":5627.228},{"text":"the","start":5627.228,"end":5627.372},{"text":"financing","start":5627.372,"end":5627.869},{"text":"of","start":5627.869,"end":5627.966},{"text":"destabilizing","start":5627.966,"end":5628.607},{"text":"activities","start":5628.672,"end":5628.965},{"text":"inter","start":5629.259,"end":5629.601},{"text":"alia,","start":5629.633,"end":5629.862},{"text":"as","start":5629.878,"end":5629.976},{"text":"I","start":5629.976,"end":5629.992},{"text":"mentioned,","start":5629.992,"end":5630.432},{"text":"in","start":5630.692,"end":5630.741},{"text":"Sudan,","start":5630.79,"end":5631.328},{"text":"the","start":5631.703,"end":5631.817},{"text":"DRC,","start":5631.914,"end":5632.664},{"text":"and","start":5633.136,"end":5633.234},{"text":"the","start":5633.234,"end":5633.316},{"text":"Central","start":5633.316,"end":5633.723},{"text":"African","start":5633.723,"end":5634.098},{"text":"Republic.","start":5634.114,"end":5634.635}]},{"text":"Relevant sanctions regimes need to be mobilized where necessary in order to eliminate the link between the plunder of natural resources and the financing provided for the actors in conflict.","start":5637.332,"end":5650.409,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Relevant","start":5637.332,"end":5637.928},{"text":"sanctions","start":5637.928,"end":5638.524},{"text":"regimes","start":5638.96,"end":5639.492},{"text":"need","start":5639.524,"end":5639.766},{"text":"to","start":5639.782,"end":5639.975},{"text":"be","start":5640.007,"end":5640.104},{"text":"mobilized","start":5640.104,"end":5640.862},{"text":"where","start":5640.878,"end":5640.991},{"text":"necessary","start":5640.991,"end":5641.619},{"text":"in","start":5641.619,"end":5641.668},{"text":"order","start":5641.845,"end":5642.184},{"text":"to","start":5642.184,"end":5642.458},{"text":"eliminate","start":5643.618,"end":5644.44},{"text":"the","start":5644.44,"end":5644.682},{"text":"link","start":5644.682,"end":5644.924},{"text":"between","start":5644.924,"end":5645.166},{"text":"the","start":5645.166,"end":5645.246},{"text":"plunder","start":5645.246,"end":5645.569},{"text":"of","start":5645.569,"end":5645.649},{"text":"natural","start":5645.649,"end":5645.956},{"text":"resources","start":5645.956,"end":5646.422},{"text":"and","start":5646.438,"end":5646.502},{"text":"the","start":5646.502,"end":5646.534},{"text":"financing","start":5646.534,"end":5647.29},{"text":"provided","start":5647.901,"end":5648.319},{"text":"for","start":5648.319,"end":5648.56},{"text":"the","start":5648.689,"end":5648.882},{"text":"actors","start":5649.332,"end":5649.718},{"text":"in","start":5649.75,"end":5649.798},{"text":"conflict.","start":5649.975,"end":5650.409}]},{"text":"The Council has also recognized a number of multilateral mechanisms which are geared towards providing for the traceability of supply chains, and these need to be strictly implemented.","start":5650.489,"end":5660.421,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5650.489,"end":5650.618},{"text":"Council","start":5650.618,"end":5650.875},{"text":"has","start":5650.875,"end":5651.004},{"text":"also","start":5651.036,"end":5651.261},{"text":"recognized","start":5651.261,"end":5651.92},{"text":"a","start":5652.242,"end":5652.258},{"text":"number","start":5652.258,"end":5652.563},{"text":"of","start":5652.563,"end":5652.66},{"text":"multilateral","start":5652.708,"end":5653.222},{"text":"mechanisms","start":5653.222,"end":5653.817},{"text":"which","start":5653.849,"end":5653.978},{"text":"are","start":5654.091,"end":5654.171},{"text":"geared","start":5654.35,"end":5654.623},{"text":"towards","start":5654.623,"end":5654.992},{"text":"providing","start":5655.008,"end":5655.313},{"text":"for","start":5655.345,"end":5655.522},{"text":"the","start":5655.522,"end":5655.651},{"text":"traceability","start":5655.651,"end":5656.245},{"text":"of","start":5656.245,"end":5656.357},{"text":"supply","start":5656.807,"end":5657.192},{"text":"chains,","start":5657.192,"end":5657.642},{"text":"and","start":5657.674,"end":5657.739},{"text":"these","start":5657.755,"end":5657.883},{"text":"need","start":5657.98,"end":5658.156},{"text":"to","start":5658.156,"end":5658.317},{"text":"be","start":5658.317,"end":5658.51},{"text":"strictly","start":5658.783,"end":5659.409},{"text":"implemented.","start":5659.907,"end":5660.421}]},{"text":"France is committed to this, and this is reflected in our efforts through the Kimberley Process as well as the OECD process for the traceability of minerals and the duty for due diligence.","start":5660.469,"end":5672.805,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"France","start":5660.469,"end":5660.79},{"text":"is","start":5660.79,"end":5660.855},{"text":"committed","start":5660.887,"end":5661.256},{"text":"to","start":5661.288,"end":5661.497},{"text":"this,","start":5661.513,"end":5661.786},{"text":"and","start":5662.332,"end":5662.397},{"text":"this","start":5662.557,"end":5662.686},{"text":"is","start":5662.75,"end":5662.862},{"text":"reflected","start":5662.895,"end":5663.601},{"text":"in","start":5663.842,"end":5663.906},{"text":"our","start":5664.083,"end":5664.26},{"text":"efforts","start":5664.26,"end":5664.645},{"text":"through","start":5664.645,"end":5664.694},{"text":"the","start":5664.742,"end":5664.967},{"text":"Kimberley","start":5664.967,"end":5665.352},{"text":"Process","start":5665.368,"end":5665.786},{"text":"as","start":5665.786,"end":5665.834},{"text":"well","start":5665.93,"end":5666.043},{"text":"as","start":5666.043,"end":5666.155},{"text":"the","start":5666.171,"end":5666.252},{"text":"OECD","start":5666.332,"end":5667.456},{"text":"process","start":5667.456,"end":5667.938},{"text":"for","start":5667.938,"end":5668.018},{"text":"the","start":5668.018,"end":5668.115},{"text":"traceability","start":5668.115,"end":5668.838},{"text":"of","start":5668.838,"end":5669.159},{"text":"minerals","start":5669.705,"end":5670.09},{"text":"and","start":5670.203,"end":5670.524},{"text":"the","start":5670.524,"end":5670.765},{"text":"duty","start":5670.926,"end":5671.231},{"text":"for","start":5671.231,"end":5671.44},{"text":"due","start":5671.793,"end":5672.002},{"text":"diligence.","start":5672.195,"end":5672.805}]},{"text":"We applaud the engagement of regional and sub-regional organizations, for example, the ICGLR.","start":5673.335,"end":5679.92,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5673.335,"end":5673.463},{"text":"applaud","start":5673.479,"end":5674.106},{"text":"the","start":5674.283,"end":5674.379},{"text":"engagement","start":5674.379,"end":5675.038},{"text":"of","start":5675.038,"end":5675.246},{"text":"regional","start":5675.246,"end":5675.664},{"text":"and","start":5675.664,"end":5675.744},{"text":"sub-regional","start":5675.744,"end":5676.29},{"text":"organizations,","start":5676.29,"end":5676.965},{"text":"for","start":5677.029,"end":5677.126},{"text":"example,","start":5677.126,"end":5677.447},{"text":"the","start":5677.511,"end":5677.752},{"text":"ICGLR.","start":5678.298,"end":5679.92}]},{"text":"France has also been working to ensure the greatest possible accession by the greatest possible number of countries to the— for the Initiative for Transparency of Extractive Industries, ITIE.","start":5681.187,"end":5692.709,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"France","start":5681.187,"end":5681.748},{"text":"has","start":5681.748,"end":5681.892},{"text":"also","start":5681.908,"end":5682.1},{"text":"been","start":5682.149,"end":5682.293},{"text":"working","start":5682.325,"end":5682.693},{"text":"to","start":5683.11,"end":5683.27},{"text":"ensure","start":5683.286,"end":5683.463},{"text":"the","start":5683.463,"end":5683.591},{"text":"greatest","start":5683.591,"end":5683.927},{"text":"possible","start":5683.927,"end":5684.456},{"text":"accession","start":5685.113,"end":5685.77},{"text":"by","start":5685.77,"end":5685.85},{"text":"the","start":5685.85,"end":5685.995},{"text":"greatest","start":5685.995,"end":5686.235},{"text":"possible","start":5686.235,"end":5686.475},{"text":"number","start":5686.475,"end":5686.716},{"text":"of","start":5686.716,"end":5686.78},{"text":"countries","start":5686.812,"end":5687.18},{"text":"to","start":5687.212,"end":5687.373},{"text":"the—","start":5687.373,"end":5687.597},{"text":"for","start":5687.789,"end":5687.966},{"text":"the","start":5688.014,"end":5688.078},{"text":"Initiative","start":5688.078,"end":5688.703},{"text":"for","start":5689.696,"end":5689.841},{"text":"Transparency","start":5689.841,"end":5690.562},{"text":"of","start":5690.562,"end":5690.658},{"text":"Extractive","start":5690.658,"end":5691.187},{"text":"Industries,","start":5691.299,"end":5692.148},{"text":"ITIE.","start":5692.405,"end":5692.709}]},{"text":"And third, there's a need for accountability on the part of the private sector.","start":5694.007,"end":5697.356,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5694.007,"end":5694.151},{"text":"third,","start":5694.263,"end":5694.616},{"text":"there's","start":5694.664,"end":5694.888},{"text":"a","start":5694.888,"end":5694.904},{"text":"need","start":5694.904,"end":5695.129},{"text":"for","start":5695.129,"end":5695.225},{"text":"accountability","start":5695.225,"end":5695.866},{"text":"on","start":5695.866,"end":5695.946},{"text":"the","start":5695.946,"end":5696.026},{"text":"part","start":5696.026,"end":5696.267},{"text":"of","start":5696.267,"end":5696.331},{"text":"the","start":5696.331,"end":5696.427},{"text":"private","start":5696.427,"end":5696.844},{"text":"sector.","start":5696.844,"end":5697.356}]},{"text":"Businesses must ensure that conflict minerals are not part of the manufacturing of their products.","start":5697.853,"end":5705.112,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Businesses","start":5697.853,"end":5698.478},{"text":"must","start":5698.51,"end":5698.702},{"text":"ensure","start":5698.751,"end":5699.071},{"text":"that","start":5699.071,"end":5699.295},{"text":"conflict","start":5699.295,"end":5699.872},{"text":"minerals","start":5699.872,"end":5700.401},{"text":"are","start":5701.138,"end":5701.186},{"text":"not","start":5701.234,"end":5701.875},{"text":"part","start":5702.036,"end":5702.532},{"text":"of","start":5702.581,"end":5702.805},{"text":"the","start":5702.821,"end":5702.997},{"text":"manufacturing","start":5702.997,"end":5703.606},{"text":"of","start":5703.654,"end":5703.734},{"text":"their","start":5703.782,"end":5703.879},{"text":"products.","start":5703.879,"end":5705.112}]},{"text":"European procedures have established a duty of due diligence for European importers of tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold from conflict zones.","start":5707.068,"end":5717.873,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"European","start":5707.068,"end":5708.094},{"text":"procedures","start":5708.11,"end":5708.815},{"text":"have","start":5708.912,"end":5709.104},{"text":"established","start":5709.473,"end":5710.066},{"text":"a","start":5710.066,"end":5710.082},{"text":"duty","start":5710.194,"end":5710.435},{"text":"of","start":5710.435,"end":5710.579},{"text":"due","start":5710.611,"end":5710.819},{"text":"diligence","start":5710.851,"end":5711.525},{"text":"for","start":5711.893,"end":5712.198},{"text":"European","start":5712.198,"end":5712.743},{"text":"importers","start":5713.096,"end":5713.545},{"text":"of","start":5713.593,"end":5713.705},{"text":"tin,","start":5713.801,"end":5714.106},{"text":"tantalum,","start":5714.218,"end":5714.715},{"text":"tungsten,","start":5715.019,"end":5715.629},{"text":"and","start":5715.805,"end":5715.949},{"text":"gold","start":5716.126,"end":5716.831},{"text":"from","start":5716.847,"end":5717.007},{"text":"conflict","start":5717.103,"end":5717.504},{"text":"zones.","start":5717.504,"end":5717.873}]},{"text":"We are currently adopting at the European Union— this was done at the Foreign Ministry on 13 July— prohibition on the import of Sudanese gold and sanctions targeting trafficking in gold.","start":5718.546,"end":5732.526,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5718.546,"end":5718.739},{"text":"are","start":5718.787,"end":5718.947},{"text":"currently","start":5718.947,"end":5719.348},{"text":"adopting","start":5719.348,"end":5719.797},{"text":"at","start":5719.829,"end":5719.925},{"text":"the","start":5719.973,"end":5720.069},{"text":"European","start":5720.069,"end":5720.438},{"text":"Union—","start":5720.534,"end":5721.64},{"text":"this","start":5721.672,"end":5721.977},{"text":"was","start":5721.977,"end":5722.041},{"text":"done","start":5722.297,"end":5722.442},{"text":"at","start":5722.618,"end":5722.875},{"text":"the","start":5722.875,"end":5722.955},{"text":"Foreign","start":5722.955,"end":5723.323},{"text":"Ministry","start":5723.452,"end":5723.884},{"text":"on","start":5723.901,"end":5723.997},{"text":"13","start":5723.997,"end":5724.365},{"text":"July—","start":5724.798,"end":5725.039},{"text":"prohibition","start":5725.504,"end":5726.209},{"text":"on","start":5726.305,"end":5726.77},{"text":"the","start":5726.866,"end":5727.075},{"text":"import","start":5727.203,"end":5727.684},{"text":"of","start":5727.684,"end":5727.78},{"text":"Sudanese","start":5727.78,"end":5728.533},{"text":"gold","start":5729.271,"end":5729.688},{"text":"and","start":5729.688,"end":5729.816},{"text":"sanctions","start":5729.832,"end":5730.377},{"text":"targeting","start":5730.569,"end":5731.259},{"text":"trafficking","start":5731.692,"end":5732.141},{"text":"in","start":5732.253,"end":5732.301},{"text":"gold.","start":5732.398,"end":5732.526}]},{"text":"We encourage the international community to follow suit.","start":5732.574,"end":5734.484,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5732.574,"end":5732.638},{"text":"encourage","start":5732.638,"end":5732.927},{"text":"the","start":5732.975,"end":5733.04},{"text":"international","start":5733.04,"end":5733.441},{"text":"community","start":5733.441,"end":5733.826},{"text":"to","start":5733.842,"end":5733.954},{"text":"follow","start":5733.954,"end":5734.195},{"text":"suit.","start":5734.195,"end":5734.484}]},{"text":"France, through our chairmanship of the G7, has spearheaded an initiative to establish 4 critical minerals supply chains which are secure, sustainable, resilient, and diversified.","start":5734.885,"end":5748.959,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"France,","start":5734.885,"end":5735.286},{"text":"through","start":5735.302,"end":5735.543},{"text":"our","start":5735.543,"end":5735.944},{"text":"chairmanship","start":5736.009,"end":5736.442},{"text":"of","start":5736.442,"end":5736.57},{"text":"the","start":5736.57,"end":5736.634},{"text":"G7,","start":5736.667,"end":5737.437},{"text":"has","start":5738.047,"end":5738.4},{"text":"spearheaded","start":5739.571,"end":5740.326},{"text":"an","start":5740.663,"end":5740.807},{"text":"initiative","start":5740.984,"end":5741.561},{"text":"to","start":5741.561,"end":5741.706},{"text":"establish","start":5741.706,"end":5742.059},{"text":"4","start":5742.107,"end":5742.235},{"text":"critical","start":5742.283,"end":5743.84},{"text":"minerals","start":5743.84,"end":5744.257},{"text":"supply","start":5744.851,"end":5745.413},{"text":"chains","start":5745.413,"end":5746.023},{"text":"which","start":5746.055,"end":5746.183},{"text":"are","start":5746.279,"end":5746.472},{"text":"secure,","start":5746.632,"end":5747.13},{"text":"sustainable,","start":5747.258,"end":5747.756},{"text":"resilient,","start":5747.804,"end":5748.205},{"text":"and","start":5748.221,"end":5748.301},{"text":"diversified.","start":5748.301,"end":5748.959}]},{"text":"This is the goal of the Alliance for Resilience and Production for Critical Minerals, which was launched in Evian alongside our partners The G7 will build upon the progress that has already been achieved thanks to the 195 projects that were announced since the start of 2026, which reached the amount of €64 billion in investments.","start":5749.008,"end":5773.299,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5749.008,"end":5749.184},{"text":"is","start":5749.184,"end":5749.264},{"text":"the","start":5749.264,"end":5749.489},{"text":"goal","start":5749.81,"end":5750.035},{"text":"of","start":5750.163,"end":5750.259},{"text":"the","start":5750.308,"end":5750.452},{"text":"Alliance","start":5750.468,"end":5751.03},{"text":"for","start":5751.03,"end":5751.19},{"text":"Resilience","start":5751.19,"end":5751.752},{"text":"and","start":5751.752,"end":5751.832},{"text":"Production","start":5751.832,"end":5752.442},{"text":"for","start":5752.859,"end":5753.18},{"text":"Critical","start":5753.18,"end":5753.565},{"text":"Minerals,","start":5753.742,"end":5754.015},{"text":"which","start":5754.063,"end":5754.223},{"text":"was","start":5754.223,"end":5754.304},{"text":"launched","start":5754.32,"end":5754.785},{"text":"in","start":5754.865,"end":5754.913},{"text":"Evian","start":5755.507,"end":5755.892},{"text":"alongside","start":5755.989,"end":5757.256},{"text":"our","start":5757.513,"end":5757.69},{"text":"partners","start":5757.69,"end":5758.219},{"text":"The","start":5758.796,"end":5758.973},{"text":"G7","start":5758.973,"end":5759.549},{"text":"will","start":5759.758,"end":5759.966},{"text":"build","start":5760.238,"end":5760.415},{"text":"upon","start":5760.415,"end":5760.607},{"text":"the","start":5760.607,"end":5760.655},{"text":"progress","start":5760.655,"end":5760.944},{"text":"that","start":5760.976,"end":5761.072},{"text":"has","start":5761.072,"end":5761.232},{"text":"already","start":5761.232,"end":5761.472},{"text":"been","start":5761.472,"end":5761.617},{"text":"achieved","start":5761.617,"end":5762.322},{"text":"thanks","start":5762.418,"end":5762.674},{"text":"to","start":5762.722,"end":5762.786},{"text":"the","start":5762.802,"end":5762.963},{"text":"195","start":5762.963,"end":5764.02},{"text":"projects","start":5764.02,"end":5764.565},{"text":"that","start":5764.565,"end":5764.741},{"text":"were","start":5764.741,"end":5764.886},{"text":"announced","start":5764.886,"end":5765.559},{"text":"since","start":5766.007,"end":5766.216},{"text":"the","start":5766.248,"end":5766.328},{"text":"start","start":5766.328,"end":5766.584},{"text":"of","start":5766.584,"end":5766.68},{"text":"2026,","start":5766.68,"end":5767.722},{"text":"which","start":5767.786,"end":5767.914},{"text":"reached","start":5768.107,"end":5768.683},{"text":"the","start":5769.709,"end":5769.869},{"text":"amount","start":5769.869,"end":5770.206},{"text":"of","start":5770.206,"end":5770.318},{"text":"€64","start":5770.43,"end":5771.263},{"text":"billion","start":5771.536,"end":5772.081},{"text":"in","start":5772.513,"end":5772.642},{"text":"investments.","start":5772.674,"end":5773.299}]},{"text":"To conclude, natural resources need to be a means for sustainable development, equitable development, benefiting peoples and populations that host them.","start":5773.491,"end":5783.25,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":5773.491,"end":5773.603},{"text":"conclude,","start":5773.635,"end":5774.212},{"text":"natural","start":5774.34,"end":5774.741},{"text":"resources","start":5774.741,"end":5775.205},{"text":"need","start":5775.318,"end":5775.606},{"text":"to","start":5775.622,"end":5775.879},{"text":"be","start":5775.879,"end":5775.975},{"text":"a","start":5775.975,"end":5776.023},{"text":"means","start":5776.023,"end":5776.407},{"text":"for","start":5776.439,"end":5776.552},{"text":"sustainable","start":5776.552,"end":5777.209},{"text":"development,","start":5777.241,"end":5777.866},{"text":"equitable","start":5777.946,"end":5778.507},{"text":"development,","start":5778.507,"end":5779.228},{"text":"benefiting","start":5779.789,"end":5780.253},{"text":"peoples","start":5780.429,"end":5780.814},{"text":"and","start":5780.846,"end":5780.926},{"text":"populations","start":5780.926,"end":5781.695},{"text":"that","start":5781.792,"end":5781.936},{"text":"host","start":5781.952,"end":5782.737},{"text":"them.","start":5782.833,"end":5783.25}]},{"text":"They need to be therefore protected from predators and misappropriation for malicious purposes.","start":5783.715,"end":5791.376,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":5783.715,"end":5783.811},{"text":"need","start":5783.811,"end":5784.035},{"text":"to","start":5784.035,"end":5784.131},{"text":"be","start":5784.131,"end":5784.275},{"text":"therefore","start":5784.388,"end":5784.776},{"text":"protected","start":5784.776,"end":5785.391},{"text":"from","start":5785.423,"end":5785.763},{"text":"predators","start":5786.232,"end":5786.847},{"text":"and","start":5788.4,"end":5788.658},{"text":"misappropriation","start":5788.658,"end":5789.597},{"text":"for","start":5789.71,"end":5789.969},{"text":"malicious","start":5790.341,"end":5790.907},{"text":"purposes.","start":5790.907,"end":5791.376}]},{"text":"France supports the goal expressed by the DRC, the goal of working to fine-tune and to ensure coherence of the international initiatives to ensure proper use of these resources.","start":5791.813,"end":5804.783,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"France","start":5791.813,"end":5792.055},{"text":"supports","start":5792.055,"end":5792.783},{"text":"the","start":5792.783,"end":5792.929},{"text":"goal","start":5792.929,"end":5793.058},{"text":"expressed","start":5793.752,"end":5794.234},{"text":"by","start":5794.234,"end":5794.395},{"text":"the","start":5794.395,"end":5794.475},{"text":"DRC,","start":5794.556,"end":5795.295},{"text":"the","start":5795.745,"end":5795.793},{"text":"goal","start":5795.922,"end":5796.066},{"text":"of","start":5796.243,"end":5796.371},{"text":"working","start":5796.388,"end":5796.693},{"text":"to","start":5796.805,"end":5796.966},{"text":"fine-tune","start":5796.966,"end":5797.802},{"text":"and","start":5797.85,"end":5797.994},{"text":"to","start":5797.994,"end":5798.203},{"text":"ensure","start":5798.412,"end":5798.734},{"text":"coherence","start":5798.734,"end":5799.473},{"text":"of","start":5799.617,"end":5799.746},{"text":"the","start":5799.778,"end":5799.923},{"text":"international","start":5800.244,"end":5801.031},{"text":"initiatives","start":5801.063,"end":5802.044},{"text":"to","start":5802.445,"end":5802.59},{"text":"ensure","start":5802.59,"end":5802.943},{"text":"proper","start":5802.992,"end":5803.314},{"text":"use","start":5803.314,"end":5803.605},{"text":"of","start":5803.96,"end":5804.041},{"text":"these","start":5804.041,"end":5804.17},{"text":"resources.","start":5804.283,"end":5804.783}]},{"text":"We stand fully ready to contribute to the work of the Council and in support of the high-level debate that the DRC will organize in the presence of President Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi next week.","start":5804.912,"end":5819.454,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5804.912,"end":5804.993},{"text":"stand","start":5804.993,"end":5805.461},{"text":"fully","start":5805.557,"end":5805.945},{"text":"ready","start":5806.041,"end":5806.219},{"text":"to","start":5806.219,"end":5806.38},{"text":"contribute","start":5806.38,"end":5806.848},{"text":"to","start":5806.848,"end":5806.929},{"text":"the","start":5806.929,"end":5806.993},{"text":"work","start":5807.026,"end":5807.268},{"text":"of","start":5807.268,"end":5807.348},{"text":"the","start":5807.348,"end":5807.429},{"text":"Council","start":5807.429,"end":5808.026},{"text":"and","start":5808.784,"end":5809.204},{"text":"in","start":5809.591,"end":5809.656},{"text":"support","start":5809.753,"end":5810.156},{"text":"of","start":5810.156,"end":5810.221},{"text":"the","start":5810.559,"end":5810.769},{"text":"high-level","start":5810.979,"end":5811.302},{"text":"debate","start":5811.302,"end":5811.866},{"text":"that","start":5811.947,"end":5812.092},{"text":"the","start":5812.092,"end":5812.125},{"text":"DRC","start":5812.125,"end":5812.625},{"text":"will","start":5812.866,"end":5813.077},{"text":"organize","start":5813.126,"end":5813.564},{"text":"in","start":5813.597,"end":5813.661},{"text":"the","start":5813.661,"end":5813.759},{"text":"presence","start":5813.759,"end":5815.608},{"text":"of","start":5815.608,"end":5815.673},{"text":"President","start":5816.193,"end":5816.842},{"text":"Félix-Antoine","start":5816.923,"end":5817.604},{"text":"Tshisekedi","start":5817.718,"end":5818.383},{"text":"next","start":5818.788,"end":5819.194},{"text":"week.","start":5819.194,"end":5819.454}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":5819.6,"end":5820.582,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5819.6,"end":5819.73},{"text":"you.","start":5819.73,"end":5820.582}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"FRA","affiliation_full":"France","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":34,"start":5821.112,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5822","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank France, says the chair.","start":5821.112,"end":5823.154,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5821.112,"end":5821.16},{"text":"thank","start":5821.209,"end":5821.45},{"text":"France,","start":5821.45,"end":5821.819},{"text":"says","start":5822.189,"end":5822.623},{"text":"the","start":5822.816,"end":5822.977},{"text":"chair.","start":5822.977,"end":5823.154}]},{"text":"And now Greece has the floor, to be followed by the Russian Federation and the United States.","start":5823.218,"end":5827.944,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5823.218,"end":5823.298},{"text":"now","start":5823.298,"end":5823.411},{"text":"Greece","start":5824.006,"end":5824.263},{"text":"has","start":5824.263,"end":5824.424},{"text":"the","start":5824.424,"end":5824.504},{"text":"floor,","start":5824.504,"end":5824.681},{"text":"to","start":5824.745,"end":5824.874},{"text":"be","start":5824.89,"end":5824.986},{"text":"followed","start":5824.986,"end":5825.372},{"text":"by","start":5825.372,"end":5825.581},{"text":"the","start":5825.935,"end":5825.999},{"text":"Russian","start":5826.015,"end":5826.353},{"text":"Federation","start":5826.353,"end":5826.803},{"text":"and","start":5826.98,"end":5827.076},{"text":"the","start":5827.076,"end":5827.125},{"text":"United","start":5827.141,"end":5827.43},{"text":"States.","start":5827.494,"end":5827.944}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":35,"start":5833.218,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5834","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I wish to commend and thank Her Excellency Thérèse Kayekwamba Wagner Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of Congo, for convening this timely discussion on natural resources and peace.","start":5833.218,"end":5851.086,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5833.218,"end":5833.283},{"text":"wish","start":5833.38,"end":5833.509},{"text":"to","start":5833.638,"end":5833.944},{"text":"commend","start":5834.283,"end":5834.75},{"text":"and","start":5834.75,"end":5834.815},{"text":"thank","start":5834.912,"end":5835.412},{"text":"Her","start":5835.799,"end":5835.96},{"text":"Excellency","start":5835.976,"end":5836.75},{"text":"Thérèse","start":5837.089,"end":5837.476},{"text":"Kayekwamba","start":5837.815,"end":5838.508},{"text":"Wagner","start":5838.799,"end":5839.266},{"text":"Minister","start":5839.608,"end":5840.249},{"text":"for","start":5840.473,"end":5840.602},{"text":"Foreign","start":5840.634,"end":5840.922},{"text":"Affairs","start":5840.954,"end":5841.323},{"text":"of","start":5841.419,"end":5841.467},{"text":"the","start":5841.499,"end":5841.596},{"text":"Democratic","start":5841.66,"end":5842.221},{"text":"Republic","start":5842.221,"end":5842.638},{"text":"of","start":5842.638,"end":5842.766},{"text":"Congo,","start":5842.798,"end":5843.183},{"text":"for","start":5843.199,"end":5843.471},{"text":"convening","start":5844.08,"end":5844.69},{"text":"this","start":5845.026,"end":5845.299},{"text":"timely","start":5846.149,"end":5846.613},{"text":"discussion","start":5846.886,"end":5847.575},{"text":"on","start":5848.313,"end":5848.537},{"text":"natural","start":5849.034,"end":5849.403},{"text":"resources","start":5849.515,"end":5850.06},{"text":"and","start":5850.317,"end":5850.621},{"text":"peace.","start":5850.717,"end":5851.086}]},{"text":"I also wish to thank today's briefers for their insightful presentations.","start":5851.856,"end":5858.957,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5851.856,"end":5851.904},{"text":"also","start":5852.16,"end":5852.497},{"text":"wish","start":5852.561,"end":5852.769},{"text":"to","start":5852.898,"end":5853.154},{"text":"thank","start":5853.363,"end":5853.86},{"text":"today's","start":5854.02,"end":5854.549},{"text":"briefers","start":5854.741,"end":5855.27},{"text":"for","start":5855.847,"end":5856.2},{"text":"their","start":5856.505,"end":5856.697},{"text":"insightful","start":5857.13,"end":5857.931},{"text":"presentations.","start":5857.948,"end":5858.957}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"GRC","affiliation_full":"Greece","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":36,"start":5859.31,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5860","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"English.","start":5859.31,"end":5859.583,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"English.","start":5859.31,"end":5859.583}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Interpreter"}},{"statement_number":37,"start":5860.256,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=5861","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"First, the race for critical minerals is not a distant abstract trend.","start":5860.256,"end":5866.093,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5860.256,"end":5860.625},{"text":"the","start":5861.539,"end":5861.699},{"text":"race","start":5861.699,"end":5862.068},{"text":"for","start":5862.42,"end":5862.548},{"text":"critical","start":5862.661,"end":5863.142},{"text":"minerals","start":5863.158,"end":5863.767},{"text":"is","start":5863.943,"end":5863.991},{"text":"not","start":5864.055,"end":5864.296},{"text":"a","start":5864.296,"end":5864.36},{"text":"distant","start":5864.36,"end":5865.13},{"text":"abstract","start":5865.226,"end":5865.884},{"text":"trend.","start":5865.884,"end":5866.093}]},{"text":"It is reshaping global peace and security in real time.","start":5866.607,"end":5871.552,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5866.607,"end":5866.767},{"text":"is","start":5866.767,"end":5866.896},{"text":"reshaping","start":5866.944,"end":5867.698},{"text":"global","start":5868.132,"end":5868.742},{"text":"peace","start":5869.095,"end":5869.4},{"text":"and","start":5869.4,"end":5869.497},{"text":"security","start":5869.497,"end":5870.267},{"text":"in","start":5870.46,"end":5870.605},{"text":"real","start":5870.621,"end":5870.958},{"text":"time.","start":5871.086,"end":5871.552}]},{"text":"It presents a complex mix of opportunities and risks for the, for the global security landscape.","start":5872.162,"end":5879.05,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5872.162,"end":5872.371},{"text":"presents","start":5872.371,"end":5872.949},{"text":"a","start":5872.949,"end":5872.965},{"text":"complex","start":5873.109,"end":5873.671},{"text":"mix","start":5873.671,"end":5873.992},{"text":"of","start":5873.992,"end":5874.121},{"text":"opportunities","start":5874.169,"end":5875.084},{"text":"and","start":5875.181,"end":5875.245},{"text":"risks","start":5875.357,"end":5875.839},{"text":"for","start":5876.16,"end":5876.369},{"text":"the,","start":5876.401,"end":5876.642},{"text":"for","start":5876.706,"end":5876.915},{"text":"the","start":5876.963,"end":5877.107},{"text":"global","start":5877.107,"end":5877.541},{"text":"security","start":5877.685,"end":5878.392},{"text":"landscape.","start":5878.392,"end":5879.05}]},{"text":"Undisrupted supplies of critical minerals are not simply desirable.","start":5879.917,"end":5884.83,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Undisrupted","start":5879.917,"end":5880.913},{"text":"supplies","start":5880.913,"end":5881.587},{"text":"of","start":5881.699,"end":5881.828},{"text":"critical","start":5881.86,"end":5882.358},{"text":"minerals","start":5882.422,"end":5883.112},{"text":"are","start":5883.209,"end":5883.241},{"text":"not","start":5883.241,"end":5883.546},{"text":"simply","start":5883.546,"end":5884.011},{"text":"desirable.","start":5884.028,"end":5884.83}]},{"text":"They are the precondition for the clean energy transition the world has committed to.","start":5885.392,"end":5890.707,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":5885.392,"end":5885.601},{"text":"are","start":5885.633,"end":5885.794},{"text":"the","start":5885.794,"end":5885.954},{"text":"precondition","start":5885.954,"end":5886.869},{"text":"for","start":5886.982,"end":5887.142},{"text":"the","start":5887.223,"end":5887.319},{"text":"clean","start":5887.383,"end":5887.656},{"text":"energy","start":5887.704,"end":5888.25},{"text":"transition","start":5888.282,"end":5889.053},{"text":"the","start":5889.085,"end":5889.31},{"text":"world","start":5889.31,"end":5889.695},{"text":"has","start":5889.711,"end":5889.856},{"text":"committed","start":5889.968,"end":5890.546},{"text":"to.","start":5890.61,"end":5890.707}]},{"text":"And for the technological advancements such as renewable energy sources, artificial intelligence, defense systems that depend on it.","start":5891.317,"end":5902.797,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5891.317,"end":5891.413},{"text":"for","start":5891.413,"end":5891.606},{"text":"the","start":5891.654,"end":5891.734},{"text":"technological","start":5891.831,"end":5892.858},{"text":"advancements","start":5892.858,"end":5893.982},{"text":"such","start":5894.159,"end":5894.512},{"text":"as","start":5894.609,"end":5894.673},{"text":"renewable","start":5894.785,"end":5895.476},{"text":"energy","start":5895.973,"end":5896.391},{"text":"sources,","start":5896.391,"end":5897.049},{"text":"artificial","start":5897.579,"end":5898.334},{"text":"intelligence,","start":5898.334,"end":5899.361},{"text":"defense","start":5899.988,"end":5900.421},{"text":"systems","start":5900.421,"end":5901.144},{"text":"that","start":5901.433,"end":5901.577},{"text":"depend","start":5901.609,"end":5902.252},{"text":"on","start":5902.252,"end":5902.412},{"text":"it.","start":5902.412,"end":5902.797}]},{"text":"And when their extraction and trade are opaque and unregulated, they do not merely risk fueling existing conflicts or triggering new ones, they actively finance them.","start":5903.536,"end":5916.365,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5903.536,"end":5903.6},{"text":"when","start":5903.697,"end":5903.905},{"text":"their","start":5903.921,"end":5904.162},{"text":"extraction","start":5904.162,"end":5905.029},{"text":"and","start":5905.142,"end":5905.206},{"text":"trade","start":5905.367,"end":5905.832},{"text":"are","start":5906.009,"end":5906.057},{"text":"opaque","start":5906.121,"end":5906.683},{"text":"and","start":5906.683,"end":5906.892},{"text":"unregulated,","start":5906.892,"end":5908},{"text":"they","start":5908.433,"end":5908.674},{"text":"do","start":5908.738,"end":5908.851},{"text":"not","start":5908.851,"end":5909.236},{"text":"merely","start":5909.236,"end":5909.686},{"text":"risk","start":5909.718,"end":5910.103},{"text":"fueling","start":5910.119,"end":5910.649},{"text":"existing","start":5910.745,"end":5911.452},{"text":"conflicts","start":5911.564,"end":5912.287},{"text":"or","start":5912.367,"end":5912.415},{"text":"triggering","start":5912.592,"end":5913.042},{"text":"new","start":5913.17,"end":5913.347},{"text":"ones,","start":5913.475,"end":5913.828},{"text":"they","start":5914.455,"end":5914.567},{"text":"actively","start":5914.76,"end":5915.225},{"text":"finance","start":5915.498,"end":5916.301},{"text":"them.","start":5916.301,"end":5916.365}]},{"text":"Second, the illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources is not a peripheral concern.","start":5917.264,"end":5926.042,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5917.264,"end":5917.874},{"text":"the","start":5918.532,"end":5918.628},{"text":"illicit","start":5918.628,"end":5919.19},{"text":"exploitation","start":5919.19,"end":5920.201},{"text":"and","start":5920.554,"end":5920.618},{"text":"trafficking","start":5920.698,"end":5921.26},{"text":"of","start":5921.42,"end":5921.453},{"text":"natural","start":5921.453,"end":5922.159},{"text":"resources","start":5922.159,"end":5922.849},{"text":"is","start":5923.041,"end":5923.09},{"text":"not","start":5923.218,"end":5923.523},{"text":"a","start":5923.523,"end":5923.539},{"text":"peripheral","start":5923.587,"end":5925.144},{"text":"concern.","start":5925.513,"end":5926.042}]},{"text":"Wherever these occur, they exacerbate inequalities, insecurity, and instability, and threaten the sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of states.","start":5926.732,"end":5940.357,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Wherever","start":5926.732,"end":5927.294},{"text":"these","start":5927.294,"end":5927.423},{"text":"occur,","start":5927.599,"end":5927.968},{"text":"they","start":5928.241,"end":5928.305},{"text":"exacerbate","start":5928.321,"end":5929.364},{"text":"inequalities,","start":5929.942,"end":5930.793},{"text":"insecurity,","start":5930.985,"end":5931.756},{"text":"and","start":5932.189,"end":5932.349},{"text":"instability,","start":5932.349,"end":5933.328},{"text":"and","start":5933.537,"end":5933.633},{"text":"threaten","start":5933.633,"end":5934.147},{"text":"the","start":5934.821,"end":5934.917},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":5934.917,"end":5935.575},{"text":"independence,","start":5935.864,"end":5936.843},{"text":"unity,","start":5937.067,"end":5937.613},{"text":"and","start":5937.806,"end":5937.87},{"text":"territorial","start":5937.966,"end":5938.913},{"text":"integrity","start":5938.913,"end":5939.571},{"text":"of","start":5939.571,"end":5939.683},{"text":"states.","start":5939.715,"end":5940.357}]},{"text":"Eastern DRC is the darkest evidence of this.","start":5941.336,"end":5944.692,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Eastern","start":5941.336,"end":5941.786},{"text":"DRC","start":5941.978,"end":5942.684},{"text":"is","start":5942.684,"end":5942.749},{"text":"the","start":5942.861,"end":5942.941},{"text":"darkest","start":5943.07,"end":5943.648},{"text":"evidence","start":5943.648,"end":5944.146},{"text":"of","start":5944.146,"end":5944.37},{"text":"this.","start":5944.37,"end":5944.692}]},{"text":"Critical minerals have become both the fuel and the currency of conflict, with consequences measured in displaced populations and human rights violations.","start":5945.254,"end":5956.849,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":5945.254,"end":5945.719},{"text":"minerals","start":5945.752,"end":5946.362},{"text":"have","start":5946.539,"end":5946.683},{"text":"become","start":5946.715,"end":5947.293},{"text":"both","start":5947.342,"end":5947.647},{"text":"the","start":5947.839,"end":5947.984},{"text":"fuel","start":5947.984,"end":5948.289},{"text":"and","start":5948.466,"end":5948.562},{"text":"the","start":5948.562,"end":5948.659},{"text":"currency","start":5948.723,"end":5949.285},{"text":"of","start":5949.285,"end":5949.413},{"text":"conflict,","start":5949.51,"end":5950.056},{"text":"with","start":5950.489,"end":5950.698},{"text":"consequences","start":5950.73,"end":5951.662},{"text":"measured","start":5951.919,"end":5952.401},{"text":"in","start":5952.497,"end":5952.625},{"text":"displaced","start":5952.722,"end":5953.428},{"text":"populations","start":5953.525,"end":5954.36},{"text":"and","start":5954.745,"end":5954.81},{"text":"human","start":5954.906,"end":5955.275},{"text":"rights","start":5955.372,"end":5955.725},{"text":"violations.","start":5955.87,"end":5956.849}]},{"text":"Third, Greece speaks to this not only as a Council member but as a European Union member state implementing the EU's own Critical Raw Material Act.","start":5957.941,"end":5969.585,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5957.941,"end":5958.231},{"text":"Greece","start":5959.001,"end":5959.274},{"text":"speaks","start":5959.483,"end":5960.045},{"text":"to","start":5960.045,"end":5960.254},{"text":"this","start":5960.27,"end":5960.591},{"text":"not","start":5960.591,"end":5960.848},{"text":"only","start":5960.913,"end":5961.17},{"text":"as","start":5961.17,"end":5961.298},{"text":"a","start":5961.346,"end":5961.362},{"text":"Council","start":5961.491,"end":5961.908},{"text":"member","start":5961.908,"end":5962.519},{"text":"but","start":5962.615,"end":5962.792},{"text":"as","start":5962.92,"end":5962.984},{"text":"a","start":5963.081,"end":5963.177},{"text":"European","start":5963.177,"end":5963.707},{"text":"Union","start":5963.9,"end":5964.269},{"text":"member","start":5964.366,"end":5964.703},{"text":"state","start":5964.703,"end":5965.265},{"text":"implementing","start":5965.65,"end":5966.518},{"text":"the","start":5966.935,"end":5967.032},{"text":"EU's","start":5967.032,"end":5967.546},{"text":"own","start":5967.578,"end":5967.642},{"text":"Critical","start":5967.754,"end":5968.397},{"text":"Raw","start":5968.397,"end":5968.493},{"text":"Material","start":5968.622,"end":5969.376},{"text":"Act.","start":5969.425,"end":5969.585}]},{"text":"This— the Act is built on a simple premise: supply security and sustainability are not competing objectives.","start":5970.307,"end":5978.393,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"This—","start":5970.307,"end":5970.596},{"text":"the","start":5970.949,"end":5971.109},{"text":"Act","start":5971.19,"end":5971.462},{"text":"is","start":5971.462,"end":5971.575},{"text":"built","start":5971.687,"end":5972.008},{"text":"on","start":5972.008,"end":5972.184},{"text":"a","start":5972.184,"end":5972.2},{"text":"simple","start":5972.249,"end":5972.714},{"text":"premise:","start":5972.874,"end":5973.388},{"text":"supply","start":5973.949,"end":5974.591},{"text":"security","start":5974.591,"end":5975.345},{"text":"and","start":5975.361,"end":5975.425},{"text":"sustainability","start":5975.457,"end":5976.629},{"text":"are","start":5976.645,"end":5976.677},{"text":"not","start":5976.677,"end":5976.982},{"text":"competing","start":5976.982,"end":5977.575},{"text":"objectives.","start":5977.687,"end":5978.393}]},{"text":"They are the same objective.","start":5978.907,"end":5980.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":5978.907,"end":5979.051},{"text":"are","start":5979.131,"end":5979.228},{"text":"the","start":5979.228,"end":5979.324},{"text":"same","start":5979.324,"end":5979.789},{"text":"objective.","start":5979.789,"end":5980.64}]},{"text":"It sets binding 2030 benchmarks, embeds due diligence and human rights safeguards as a precondition rather than an afterthought, and critically extends strategic project status to partner countries that align with these standards.","start":5981.073,"end":5999.415,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5981.073,"end":5981.233},{"text":"sets","start":5981.233,"end":5981.65},{"text":"binding","start":5981.795,"end":5982.244},{"text":"2030","start":5982.453,"end":5983.303},{"text":"benchmarks,","start":5983.383,"end":5984.121},{"text":"embeds","start":5984.282,"end":5984.731},{"text":"due","start":5984.987,"end":5985.228},{"text":"diligence","start":5985.308,"end":5985.854},{"text":"and","start":5986.207,"end":5986.271},{"text":"human","start":5986.351,"end":5986.64},{"text":"rights","start":5986.752,"end":5987.121},{"text":"safeguards","start":5987.169,"end":5987.94},{"text":"as","start":5988.276,"end":5988.341},{"text":"a","start":5988.453,"end":5988.469},{"text":"precondition","start":5988.597,"end":5989.785},{"text":"rather","start":5989.913,"end":5990.378},{"text":"than","start":5990.683,"end":5990.86},{"text":"an","start":5990.86,"end":5990.988},{"text":"afterthought,","start":5991.084,"end":5991.983},{"text":"and","start":5992.384,"end":5992.448},{"text":"critically","start":5992.608,"end":5993.234},{"text":"extends","start":5993.651,"end":5994.245},{"text":"strategic","start":5994.485,"end":5995.207},{"text":"project","start":5995.24,"end":5995.689},{"text":"status","start":5995.689,"end":5996.315},{"text":"to","start":5996.315,"end":5996.444},{"text":"partner","start":5996.54,"end":5996.878},{"text":"countries","start":5997.022,"end":5997.488},{"text":"that","start":5997.52,"end":5997.761},{"text":"align","start":5997.761,"end":5998.13},{"text":"with","start":5998.243,"end":5998.419},{"text":"these","start":5998.467,"end":5998.58},{"text":"standards.","start":5998.58,"end":5999.415}]},{"text":"This is not a regulation for its own sake.","start":6000.073,"end":6002.996,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6000.073,"end":6000.33},{"text":"is","start":6000.33,"end":6000.459},{"text":"not","start":6000.555,"end":6000.764},{"text":"a","start":6000.812,"end":6000.892},{"text":"regulation","start":6000.892,"end":6001.647},{"text":"for","start":6001.695,"end":6001.936},{"text":"its","start":6001.936,"end":6002.241},{"text":"own","start":6002.241,"end":6002.386},{"text":"sake.","start":6002.418,"end":6002.996}]},{"text":"It is a proof that resource governance can be a driver of investment and shared prosperity, not an obstacle to it.","start":6003.381,"end":6012.374,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6003.381,"end":6003.542},{"text":"is","start":6003.542,"end":6003.67},{"text":"a","start":6003.783,"end":6003.799},{"text":"proof","start":6003.927,"end":6004.249},{"text":"that","start":6004.65,"end":6004.907},{"text":"resource","start":6004.907,"end":6005.581},{"text":"governance","start":6005.79,"end":6006.545},{"text":"can","start":6006.593,"end":6006.802},{"text":"be","start":6006.914,"end":6007.107},{"text":"a","start":6007.235,"end":6007.252},{"text":"driver","start":6007.38,"end":6007.958},{"text":"of","start":6007.958,"end":6008.135},{"text":"investment","start":6008.135,"end":6008.857},{"text":"and","start":6008.922,"end":6009.034},{"text":"shared","start":6009.066,"end":6009.371},{"text":"prosperity,","start":6009.484,"end":6010.303},{"text":"not","start":6010.768,"end":6010.945},{"text":"an","start":6011.025,"end":6011.122},{"text":"obstacle","start":6011.234,"end":6011.764},{"text":"to","start":6011.893,"end":6012.037},{"text":"it.","start":6012.053,"end":6012.374}]},{"text":"As highlighted also by our briefers, harnessing these benefits requires strong governance, transparent and equitable benefit sharing mechanism and a commitment to sustainable development practices.","start":6013.322,"end":6027.922,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6013.322,"end":6013.386},{"text":"highlighted","start":6013.498,"end":6014.189},{"text":"also","start":6014.285,"end":6014.606},{"text":"by","start":6014.623,"end":6014.815},{"text":"our","start":6014.944,"end":6015.04},{"text":"briefers,","start":6015.169,"end":6015.634},{"text":"harnessing","start":6015.891,"end":6016.437},{"text":"these","start":6016.614,"end":6016.758},{"text":"benefits","start":6016.871,"end":6017.577},{"text":"requires","start":6017.577,"end":6018.204},{"text":"strong","start":6018.621,"end":6019.007},{"text":"governance,","start":6019.119,"end":6019.954},{"text":"transparent","start":6020.307,"end":6021.11},{"text":"and","start":6021.11,"end":6021.271},{"text":"equitable","start":6021.271,"end":6021.913},{"text":"benefit","start":6022.074,"end":6022.668},{"text":"sharing","start":6022.54,"end":6022.909},{"text":"mechanism","start":6023.134,"end":6023.986},{"text":"and","start":6024.082,"end":6024.146},{"text":"a","start":6024.194,"end":6024.211},{"text":"commitment","start":6024.323,"end":6024.917},{"text":"to","start":6024.966,"end":6025.078},{"text":"sustainable","start":6025.142,"end":6026.026},{"text":"development","start":6026.09,"end":6027.295},{"text":"practices.","start":6027.295,"end":6027.922}]},{"text":"Fourth, the Council has already spoken on this clearly and recently.","start":6028.822,"end":6033.915,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":6028.822,"end":6029.288},{"text":"the","start":6029.802,"end":6029.963},{"text":"Council","start":6029.963,"end":6030.477},{"text":"has","start":6030.525,"end":6030.734},{"text":"already","start":6030.83,"end":6031.216},{"text":"spoken","start":6031.248,"end":6031.891},{"text":"on","start":6031.955,"end":6032.019},{"text":"this","start":6032.116,"end":6032.453},{"text":"clearly","start":6032.453,"end":6032.983},{"text":"and","start":6033.096,"end":6033.16},{"text":"recently.","start":6033.257,"end":6033.915}]},{"text":"Resolutions 2773, 2808, and 2825 all confront the continued systematic illegal exploitation and trafficking of natural resources especially of the so-called conflict minerals by armed groups and criminal networks, emphasizing the importance to enhance transparency and traceability in natural resources exports.","start":6034.446,"end":6064.626,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Resolutions","start":6034.446,"end":6035.313},{"text":"2773,","start":6035.57,"end":6037.273},{"text":"2808,","start":6037.739,"end":6039.266},{"text":"and","start":6039.346,"end":6039.491},{"text":"2825","start":6039.539,"end":6041.579},{"text":"all","start":6042.238,"end":6042.286},{"text":"confront","start":6042.415,"end":6042.977},{"text":"the","start":6042.977,"end":6043.058},{"text":"continued","start":6043.122,"end":6043.636},{"text":"systematic","start":6043.636,"end":6044.6},{"text":"illegal","start":6044.664,"end":6045.163},{"text":"exploitation","start":6045.291,"end":6046.335},{"text":"and","start":6046.335,"end":6046.496},{"text":"trafficking","start":6046.496,"end":6047.123},{"text":"of","start":6047.299,"end":6047.444},{"text":"natural","start":6047.492,"end":6048.119},{"text":"resources","start":6048.119,"end":6048.697},{"text":"especially","start":6049.387,"end":6050.252},{"text":"of","start":6051.229,"end":6051.39},{"text":"the","start":6051.39,"end":6051.486},{"text":"so-called","start":6051.486,"end":6052.223},{"text":"conflict","start":6052.351,"end":6053.008},{"text":"minerals","start":6053.008,"end":6053.665},{"text":"by","start":6054.05,"end":6054.242},{"text":"armed","start":6054.434,"end":6054.659},{"text":"groups","start":6054.691,"end":6055.091},{"text":"and","start":6055.091,"end":6055.316},{"text":"criminal","start":6055.316,"end":6055.829},{"text":"networks,","start":6055.973,"end":6056.918},{"text":"emphasizing","start":6057.399,"end":6058.184},{"text":"the","start":6058.296,"end":6058.376},{"text":"importance","start":6058.376,"end":6059.098},{"text":"to","start":6059.098,"end":6059.242},{"text":"enhance","start":6059.258,"end":6059.819},{"text":"transparency","start":6059.819,"end":6060.828},{"text":"and","start":6061.165,"end":6061.261},{"text":"traceability","start":6061.261,"end":6062.206},{"text":"in","start":6062.287,"end":6062.447},{"text":"natural","start":6062.447,"end":6063.104},{"text":"resources","start":6063.104,"end":6063.761},{"text":"exports.","start":6063.969,"end":6064.626}]},{"text":"What is missing is not more diagnosis but the political will to act on it, and we say plainly, it is It's time to move from ad hoc responses to a coherent framework.","start":6065.508,"end":6078.524,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"What","start":6065.508,"end":6065.748},{"text":"is","start":6065.748,"end":6065.876},{"text":"missing","start":6065.924,"end":6066.918},{"text":"is","start":6067.094,"end":6067.158},{"text":"not","start":6067.254,"end":6067.591},{"text":"more","start":6067.591,"end":6067.863},{"text":"diagnosis","start":6067.895,"end":6068.937},{"text":"but","start":6069.273,"end":6069.482},{"text":"the","start":6069.498,"end":6069.594},{"text":"political","start":6069.674,"end":6070.395},{"text":"will","start":6070.395,"end":6070.587},{"text":"to","start":6070.732,"end":6070.876},{"text":"act","start":6070.94,"end":6071.196},{"text":"on","start":6071.196,"end":6071.357},{"text":"it,","start":6071.357,"end":6071.661},{"text":"and","start":6072.382,"end":6072.526},{"text":"we","start":6072.542,"end":6072.59},{"text":"say","start":6072.655,"end":6072.911},{"text":"plainly,","start":6073.119,"end":6073.728},{"text":"it","start":6074.225,"end":6074.337},{"text":"is","start":6074.337,"end":6074.449},{"text":"It's","start":6074.53,"end":6074.611},{"text":"time","start":6074.611,"end":6074.887},{"text":"to","start":6074.887,"end":6075.033},{"text":"move","start":6075.033,"end":6075.212},{"text":"from","start":6075.212,"end":6075.455},{"text":"ad","start":6075.764,"end":6075.91},{"text":"hoc","start":6075.926,"end":6076.251},{"text":"responses","start":6076.251,"end":6076.884},{"text":"to","start":6076.998,"end":6077.128},{"text":"a","start":6077.144,"end":6077.242},{"text":"coherent","start":6077.242,"end":6077.94},{"text":"framework.","start":6077.956,"end":6078.524}]},{"text":"Madame la Ministre.","start":6080.69,"end":6081.613,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madame","start":6080.69,"end":6080.868},{"text":"la","start":6080.868,"end":6080.965},{"text":"Ministre.","start":6080.965,"end":6081.613}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Minister, in conclusion, a number of components are essential: integrating sustainable supply chains, facilitating investments for development and infrastructure, ensuring traceability and certification, As well as implementation of sustainable and responsible production and utilization of natural resources.","start":6082.73,"end":6110.455,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6082.73,"end":6082.957},{"text":"Minister,","start":6082.99,"end":6083.508},{"text":"in","start":6083.702,"end":6083.799},{"text":"conclusion,","start":6083.799,"end":6084.577},{"text":"a","start":6085.986,"end":6086.002},{"text":"number","start":6086.002,"end":6086.31},{"text":"of","start":6086.31,"end":6086.375},{"text":"components","start":6086.537,"end":6087.039},{"text":"are","start":6087.039,"end":6087.12},{"text":"essential:","start":6087.12,"end":6087.638},{"text":"integrating","start":6088.806,"end":6089.032},{"text":"sustainable","start":6089.065,"end":6089.485},{"text":"supply","start":6089.485,"end":6089.906},{"text":"chains,","start":6090.035,"end":6090.65},{"text":"facilitating","start":6091.168,"end":6092.349},{"text":"investments","start":6092.608,"end":6093.773},{"text":"for","start":6094.226,"end":6094.404},{"text":"development","start":6094.404,"end":6095.229},{"text":"and","start":6095.844,"end":6095.925},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":6096.087,"end":6097.177},{"text":"ensuring","start":6098.365,"end":6099.488},{"text":"traceability","start":6099.601,"end":6100.464},{"text":"and","start":6100.561,"end":6100.675},{"text":"certification,","start":6100.675,"end":6101.847},{"text":"As","start":6102.559,"end":6102.704},{"text":"well","start":6102.817,"end":6103.075},{"text":"as","start":6103.366,"end":6103.511},{"text":"implementation","start":6104.109,"end":6105.207},{"text":"of","start":6105.465,"end":6105.691},{"text":"sustainable","start":6106.144,"end":6106.935},{"text":"and","start":6106.935,"end":6107.016},{"text":"responsible","start":6107.016,"end":6107.629},{"text":"production","start":6107.661,"end":6108.178},{"text":"and","start":6108.227,"end":6108.388},{"text":"utilization","start":6108.388,"end":6109.196},{"text":"of","start":6109.196,"end":6109.26},{"text":"natural","start":6109.276,"end":6109.68},{"text":"resources.","start":6109.745,"end":6110.455}]},{"text":"These elements together can enhance economic diversification, minimize environmental damage and negative health impacts, and ensure national, regional, and international prosperity, peace, and security.","start":6111.356,"end":6130.996,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6111.356,"end":6111.583},{"text":"elements","start":6111.599,"end":6111.971},{"text":"together","start":6112.247,"end":6112.765},{"text":"can","start":6112.83,"end":6113.121},{"text":"enhance","start":6113.705,"end":6114.385},{"text":"economic","start":6114.466,"end":6115.098},{"text":"diversification,","start":6115.098,"end":6116.102},{"text":"minimize","start":6116.88,"end":6117.577},{"text":"environmental","start":6117.998,"end":6118.808},{"text":"damage","start":6118.808,"end":6119.44},{"text":"and","start":6120.022,"end":6120.686},{"text":"negative","start":6121.334,"end":6121.868},{"text":"health","start":6121.965,"end":6122.273},{"text":"impacts,","start":6122.451,"end":6122.937},{"text":"and","start":6123.179,"end":6123.568},{"text":"ensure","start":6124.005,"end":6124.669},{"text":"national,","start":6127.081,"end":6127.68},{"text":"regional,","start":6127.956,"end":6128.541},{"text":"and","start":6128.769,"end":6129.029},{"text":"international","start":6129.029,"end":6129.533},{"text":"prosperity,","start":6129.533,"end":6130.069},{"text":"peace,","start":6130.085,"end":6130.215},{"text":"and","start":6130.248,"end":6130.345},{"text":"security.","start":6130.345,"end":6130.996}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6131.126,"end":6131.613,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6131.126,"end":6131.386},{"text":"you.","start":6131.386,"end":6131.613}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"GRC","affiliation_full":"Greece","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":38,"start":6134.26,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6135","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Greece, and I now give the floor to the Russian Federation, to be followed by the United States and Somalia.","start":6134.26,"end":6140.835,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6134.26,"end":6134.308},{"text":"thank","start":6134.536,"end":6134.925},{"text":"Greece,","start":6135.071,"end":6135.396},{"text":"and","start":6135.412,"end":6135.559},{"text":"I","start":6135.559,"end":6135.575},{"text":"now","start":6135.575,"end":6135.802},{"text":"give","start":6135.802,"end":6135.916},{"text":"the","start":6135.964,"end":6135.997},{"text":"floor","start":6136.062,"end":6136.24},{"text":"to","start":6136.37,"end":6136.581},{"text":"the","start":6136.857,"end":6136.955},{"text":"Russian","start":6136.955,"end":6137.247},{"text":"Federation,","start":6137.344,"end":6137.977},{"text":"to","start":6138.416,"end":6138.562},{"text":"be","start":6138.562,"end":6138.659},{"text":"followed","start":6138.659,"end":6139.049},{"text":"by","start":6139.049,"end":6139.146},{"text":"the","start":6139.146,"end":6139.195},{"text":"United","start":6139.195,"end":6139.487},{"text":"States","start":6139.487,"end":6139.925},{"text":"and","start":6140.283,"end":6140.348},{"text":"Somalia.","start":6140.364,"end":6140.835}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":39,"start":6148.482,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6149","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Chair, we wish to thank the Congolese presidency for having organized today's meeting.","start":6148.482,"end":6155.719,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6148.482,"end":6148.95},{"text":"Chair,","start":6149.128,"end":6149.322},{"text":"we","start":6150.113,"end":6150.258},{"text":"wish","start":6150.258,"end":6150.517},{"text":"to","start":6150.517,"end":6150.791},{"text":"thank","start":6150.92,"end":6151.356},{"text":"the","start":6151.469,"end":6151.728},{"text":"Congolese","start":6151.808,"end":6152.341},{"text":"presidency","start":6152.374,"end":6153.068},{"text":"for","start":6153.504,"end":6153.698},{"text":"having","start":6153.972,"end":6154.247},{"text":"organized","start":6154.392,"end":6154.941},{"text":"today's","start":6154.941,"end":6155.345},{"text":"meeting.","start":6155.41,"end":6155.719}]},{"text":"It will be no exaggeration to state I would like to say that the topic that has been selected is exceedingly sensitive for virtually all states insofar as it touches upon matters of sovereignty and, on the whole, matter of the future that each country can count on.","start":6156.762,"end":6177.513,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6156.762,"end":6156.828},{"text":"will","start":6156.828,"end":6156.991},{"text":"be","start":6156.991,"end":6157.154},{"text":"no","start":6157.154,"end":6157.284},{"text":"exaggeration","start":6157.317,"end":6157.936},{"text":"to","start":6157.969,"end":6158.099},{"text":"state","start":6158.115,"end":6158.816},{"text":"I","start":6159.178,"end":6159.195},{"text":"would","start":6159.789,"end":6159.869},{"text":"like","start":6159.869,"end":6160.27},{"text":"to","start":6160.27,"end":6160.318},{"text":"say","start":6160.318,"end":6160.351},{"text":"that","start":6160.367,"end":6160.447},{"text":"the","start":6160.447,"end":6160.672},{"text":"topic","start":6160.672,"end":6161.009},{"text":"that","start":6161.009,"end":6161.137},{"text":"has","start":6161.153,"end":6161.346},{"text":"been","start":6161.346,"end":6161.49},{"text":"selected","start":6161.49,"end":6161.94},{"text":"is","start":6162.052,"end":6162.181},{"text":"exceedingly","start":6162.229,"end":6162.903},{"text":"sensitive","start":6162.935,"end":6163.433},{"text":"for","start":6163.433,"end":6163.658},{"text":"virtually","start":6163.658,"end":6164.059},{"text":"all","start":6164.204,"end":6164.348},{"text":"states","start":6165.183,"end":6165.697},{"text":"insofar","start":6166.227,"end":6166.885},{"text":"as","start":6166.933,"end":6167.158},{"text":"it","start":6167.254,"end":6167.334},{"text":"touches","start":6167.334,"end":6167.64},{"text":"upon","start":6167.672,"end":6168.073},{"text":"matters","start":6168.073,"end":6168.442},{"text":"of","start":6168.539,"end":6168.683},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6168.731,"end":6169.373},{"text":"and,","start":6170.305,"end":6170.69},{"text":"on","start":6171.027,"end":6171.091},{"text":"the","start":6171.107,"end":6171.172},{"text":"whole,","start":6171.188,"end":6171.493},{"text":"matter","start":6172.087,"end":6172.44},{"text":"of","start":6172.552,"end":6172.857},{"text":"the","start":6173.676,"end":6173.885},{"text":"future","start":6173.917,"end":6174.591},{"text":"that","start":6175.073,"end":6175.426},{"text":"each","start":6175.523,"end":6175.747},{"text":"country","start":6175.844,"end":6176.229},{"text":"can","start":6176.261,"end":6176.454},{"text":"count","start":6176.727,"end":6177.208},{"text":"on.","start":6177.289,"end":6177.513}]},{"text":"The Russian Federation shares the view that effective natural resource management is designed to facilitate sustainable development, to strengthen statehood, and to reduce the risks of conflicts reemerging.","start":6178.332,"end":6193.569,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6178.332,"end":6178.412},{"text":"Russian","start":6178.412,"end":6178.717},{"text":"Federation","start":6178.75,"end":6179.199},{"text":"shares","start":6179.295,"end":6179.601},{"text":"the","start":6179.633,"end":6179.713},{"text":"view","start":6179.713,"end":6179.89},{"text":"that","start":6180.034,"end":6180.5},{"text":"effective","start":6180.933,"end":6181.688},{"text":"natural","start":6181.88,"end":6182.298},{"text":"resource","start":6182.298,"end":6182.571},{"text":"management","start":6182.667,"end":6183.181},{"text":"is","start":6183.181,"end":6183.293},{"text":"designed","start":6183.325,"end":6183.935},{"text":"to","start":6183.967,"end":6184.176},{"text":"facilitate","start":6184.449,"end":6185.268},{"text":"sustainable","start":6185.14,"end":6185.477},{"text":"development,","start":6185.477,"end":6186.199},{"text":"to","start":6187.082,"end":6187.275},{"text":"strengthen","start":6187.403,"end":6188.11},{"text":"statehood,","start":6188.543,"end":6189.394},{"text":"and","start":6189.491,"end":6189.844},{"text":"to","start":6189.908,"end":6190.117},{"text":"reduce","start":6190.229,"end":6190.583},{"text":"the","start":6190.711,"end":6190.791},{"text":"risks","start":6190.872,"end":6191.337},{"text":"of","start":6191.337,"end":6191.401},{"text":"conflicts","start":6191.498,"end":6192.268},{"text":"reemerging.","start":6192.879,"end":6193.569}]},{"text":"And this is precisely the approach that we are guided by in considering this issue during— at specialized platforms.","start":6193.665,"end":6200.634,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6193.665,"end":6193.746},{"text":"this","start":6193.746,"end":6193.81},{"text":"is","start":6193.858,"end":6193.922},{"text":"precisely","start":6194.002,"end":6194.548},{"text":"the","start":6194.564,"end":6194.645},{"text":"approach","start":6194.645,"end":6195.014},{"text":"that","start":6195.046,"end":6195.207},{"text":"we","start":6195.207,"end":6195.287},{"text":"are","start":6195.303,"end":6195.367},{"text":"guided","start":6195.448,"end":6195.833},{"text":"by","start":6195.833,"end":6195.961},{"text":"in","start":6196.716,"end":6196.78},{"text":"considering","start":6196.876,"end":6197.583},{"text":"this","start":6197.711,"end":6198.129},{"text":"issue","start":6198.177,"end":6198.578},{"text":"during—","start":6198.643,"end":6198.867},{"text":"at","start":6199.14,"end":6199.237},{"text":"specialized","start":6199.237,"end":6199.927},{"text":"platforms.","start":6199.927,"end":6200.634}]},{"text":"And at the same time, we firmly believe that the Security Council should not discuss general approaches in this sphere.","start":6201.067,"end":6209.047,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6201.067,"end":6201.131},{"text":"at","start":6201.452,"end":6201.517},{"text":"the","start":6201.533,"end":6201.629},{"text":"same","start":6201.629,"end":6201.934},{"text":"time,","start":6201.934,"end":6202.143},{"text":"we","start":6202.191,"end":6202.271},{"text":"firmly","start":6202.336,"end":6202.673},{"text":"believe","start":6202.673,"end":6202.978},{"text":"that","start":6202.978,"end":6203.074},{"text":"the","start":6203.074,"end":6203.154},{"text":"Security","start":6203.154,"end":6203.636},{"text":"Council","start":6203.636,"end":6204.15},{"text":"should","start":6204.583,"end":6204.856},{"text":"not","start":6204.921,"end":6205.45},{"text":"discuss","start":6206.109,"end":6206.639},{"text":"general","start":6206.751,"end":6207.136},{"text":"approaches","start":6207.57,"end":6208.019},{"text":"in","start":6208.196,"end":6208.26},{"text":"this","start":6208.357,"end":6208.549},{"text":"sphere.","start":6208.71,"end":6209.047}]},{"text":"On the contrary, the Security Council should focus its attention on country-specific and region-specific situations.","start":6209.095,"end":6215.806,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":6209.095,"end":6209.159},{"text":"the","start":6209.175,"end":6209.256},{"text":"contrary,","start":6209.256,"end":6209.721},{"text":"the","start":6209.737,"end":6209.77},{"text":"Security","start":6209.818,"end":6210.267},{"text":"Council","start":6210.283,"end":6210.861},{"text":"should","start":6211.086,"end":6211.311},{"text":"focus","start":6211.327,"end":6211.712},{"text":"its","start":6211.809,"end":6211.921},{"text":"attention","start":6211.921,"end":6212.435},{"text":"on","start":6212.547,"end":6212.595},{"text":"country-specific","start":6212.708,"end":6213.687},{"text":"and","start":6213.687,"end":6213.8},{"text":"region-specific","start":6214.072,"end":6215.02},{"text":"situations.","start":6215.02,"end":6215.806}]},{"text":"Today, we believe it is necessary to note the following.","start":6216.304,"end":6219.804,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":6216.304,"end":6216.561},{"text":"we","start":6216.706,"end":6216.802},{"text":"believe","start":6216.802,"end":6217.139},{"text":"it","start":6217.139,"end":6217.219},{"text":"is","start":6217.219,"end":6217.332},{"text":"necessary","start":6217.428,"end":6218.135},{"text":"to","start":6218.552,"end":6218.648},{"text":"note","start":6218.648,"end":6218.953},{"text":"the","start":6219.13,"end":6219.21},{"text":"following.","start":6219.274,"end":6219.804}]},{"text":"First and foremost, it would be erroneous to regard natural resources as the root cause of conflicts that break out.","start":6220.318,"end":6229.133,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First","start":6220.318,"end":6220.655},{"text":"and","start":6220.655,"end":6220.784},{"text":"foremost,","start":6220.8,"end":6221.249},{"text":"it","start":6221.314,"end":6221.378},{"text":"would","start":6221.378,"end":6221.49},{"text":"be","start":6221.538,"end":6221.683},{"text":"erroneous","start":6221.763,"end":6222.47},{"text":"to","start":6222.823,"end":6223.08},{"text":"regard","start":6223.609,"end":6224.059},{"text":"natural","start":6224.107,"end":6224.476},{"text":"resources","start":6224.573,"end":6225.038},{"text":"as","start":6225.151,"end":6225.279},{"text":"the","start":6225.311,"end":6225.504},{"text":"root","start":6225.536,"end":6225.809},{"text":"cause","start":6225.857,"end":6226.323},{"text":"of","start":6226.419,"end":6226.564},{"text":"conflicts","start":6226.596,"end":6227.302},{"text":"that","start":6227.302,"end":6227.527},{"text":"break","start":6228.442,"end":6228.779},{"text":"out.","start":6228.908,"end":6229.133}]},{"text":"Conflicts break out not owing to the presence or the absence of natural resources, but as a consequence of political instability, weak state institutions, terrorist activity, as well as other factors which include the increasingly blatant— with echoes of the Middle Ages— manifestation of the factor of external intervention in domestic affairs of sovereign states.","start":6229.229,"end":6255.193,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Conflicts","start":6229.229,"end":6229.967},{"text":"break","start":6229.967,"end":6230.273},{"text":"out","start":6230.273,"end":6230.433},{"text":"not","start":6230.433,"end":6230.722},{"text":"owing","start":6230.915,"end":6231.059},{"text":"to","start":6231.156,"end":6231.38},{"text":"the","start":6231.734,"end":6231.894},{"text":"presence","start":6231.894,"end":6232.488},{"text":"or","start":6232.697,"end":6232.745},{"text":"the","start":6232.777,"end":6232.922},{"text":"absence","start":6233.002,"end":6233.419},{"text":"of","start":6233.419,"end":6233.5},{"text":"natural","start":6233.516,"end":6233.901},{"text":"resources,","start":6233.901,"end":6234.319},{"text":"but","start":6234.383,"end":6234.527},{"text":"as","start":6234.527,"end":6234.591},{"text":"a","start":6234.64,"end":6234.656},{"text":"consequence","start":6234.768,"end":6235.282},{"text":"of","start":6235.282,"end":6235.346},{"text":"political","start":6235.41,"end":6235.812},{"text":"instability,","start":6235.812,"end":6236.647},{"text":"weak","start":6237.272,"end":6237.577},{"text":"state","start":6237.77,"end":6238.363},{"text":"institutions,","start":6238.396,"end":6239.294},{"text":"terrorist","start":6239.743,"end":6240.337},{"text":"activity,","start":6240.337,"end":6240.962},{"text":"as","start":6241.107,"end":6241.171},{"text":"well","start":6241.267,"end":6241.508},{"text":"as","start":6241.508,"end":6241.572},{"text":"other","start":6241.749,"end":6241.925},{"text":"factors","start":6241.925,"end":6242.406},{"text":"which","start":6242.406,"end":6242.535},{"text":"include","start":6242.647,"end":6243.385},{"text":"the","start":6243.866,"end":6243.995},{"text":"increasingly","start":6243.995,"end":6244.701},{"text":"blatant—","start":6244.893,"end":6245.695},{"text":"with","start":6246.738,"end":6247.027},{"text":"echoes","start":6247.123,"end":6247.428},{"text":"of","start":6247.524,"end":6247.572},{"text":"the","start":6247.604,"end":6247.701},{"text":"Middle","start":6247.701,"end":6248.086},{"text":"Ages—","start":6248.166,"end":6248.711},{"text":"manifestation","start":6249.562,"end":6250.669},{"text":"of","start":6250.669,"end":6250.749},{"text":"the","start":6250.749,"end":6250.893},{"text":"factor","start":6250.893,"end":6251.23},{"text":"of","start":6251.23,"end":6251.311},{"text":"external","start":6251.311,"end":6252.065},{"text":"intervention","start":6252.113,"end":6252.883},{"text":"in","start":6252.979,"end":6253.123},{"text":"domestic","start":6253.156,"end":6253.653},{"text":"affairs","start":6253.653,"end":6254.182},{"text":"of","start":6254.182,"end":6254.23},{"text":"sovereign","start":6254.279,"end":6254.744},{"text":"states.","start":6254.744,"end":6255.193}]},{"text":"It is indeed the desire of certain elites to establish control over the natural wealth of others States, which lies at the heart of and is the reason behind many and most conflicts.","start":6256.284,"end":6270.649,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6256.284,"end":6256.364},{"text":"is","start":6256.364,"end":6256.493},{"text":"indeed","start":6256.525,"end":6257.423},{"text":"the","start":6257.487,"end":6257.728},{"text":"desire","start":6258.129,"end":6258.707},{"text":"of","start":6258.915,"end":6259.06},{"text":"certain","start":6259.172,"end":6259.621},{"text":"elites","start":6259.733,"end":6260.215},{"text":"to","start":6260.215,"end":6260.311},{"text":"establish","start":6260.311,"end":6260.712},{"text":"control","start":6260.76,"end":6261.129},{"text":"over","start":6261.241,"end":6261.386},{"text":"the","start":6261.402,"end":6261.45},{"text":"natural","start":6261.45,"end":6261.963},{"text":"wealth","start":6261.963,"end":6262.22},{"text":"of","start":6262.22,"end":6262.364},{"text":"others","start":6262.364,"end":6262.669},{"text":"States,","start":6262.75,"end":6263.199},{"text":"which","start":6263.905,"end":6264.194},{"text":"lies","start":6264.548,"end":6264.917},{"text":"at","start":6264.933,"end":6265.029},{"text":"the","start":6265.029,"end":6265.11},{"text":"heart","start":6265.11,"end":6265.591},{"text":"of","start":6265.736,"end":6266.169},{"text":"and","start":6266.314,"end":6266.651},{"text":"is","start":6266.651,"end":6266.763},{"text":"the","start":6266.795,"end":6266.94},{"text":"reason","start":6266.94,"end":6267.165},{"text":"behind","start":6267.197,"end":6267.919},{"text":"many","start":6268.096,"end":6268.866},{"text":"and","start":6269.444,"end":6269.509},{"text":"most","start":6269.91,"end":6270.167},{"text":"conflicts.","start":6270.167,"end":6270.649}]},{"text":"This is frequently becoming the engine for the aggressive policies which for decades have been embraced by former colonialist powers using various pretexts, either be it exporting democracy or protecting human rights.","start":6270.713,"end":6288.919,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6270.713,"end":6270.905},{"text":"is","start":6271.034,"end":6271.098},{"text":"frequently","start":6271.194,"end":6271.612},{"text":"becoming","start":6271.612,"end":6271.981},{"text":"the","start":6272.094,"end":6272.27},{"text":"engine","start":6272.8,"end":6273.185},{"text":"for","start":6273.217,"end":6273.394},{"text":"the","start":6273.394,"end":6273.458},{"text":"aggressive","start":6273.458,"end":6273.876},{"text":"policies","start":6273.924,"end":6274.55},{"text":"which","start":6274.823,"end":6275.032},{"text":"for","start":6275.208,"end":6275.337},{"text":"decades","start":6275.481,"end":6276.155},{"text":"have","start":6276.188,"end":6276.396},{"text":"been","start":6276.428,"end":6276.75},{"text":"embraced","start":6277.055,"end":6278.194},{"text":"by","start":6278.194,"end":6278.387},{"text":"former","start":6278.58,"end":6278.917},{"text":"colonialist","start":6278.917,"end":6279.784},{"text":"powers","start":6279.8,"end":6280.49},{"text":"using","start":6281.325,"end":6281.614},{"text":"various","start":6281.711,"end":6282.08},{"text":"pretexts,","start":6282.272,"end":6283.204},{"text":"either","start":6283.717,"end":6284.135},{"text":"be","start":6284.376,"end":6284.649},{"text":"it","start":6285.002,"end":6285.066},{"text":"exporting","start":6285.162,"end":6285.708},{"text":"democracy","start":6285.821,"end":6286.752},{"text":"or","start":6287.089,"end":6287.346},{"text":"protecting","start":6287.346,"end":6287.94},{"text":"human","start":6287.972,"end":6288.357},{"text":"rights.","start":6288.454,"end":6288.919}]},{"text":"Or other lofty political slogans, these parties seek to achieve parochial agendas and goals of ensuring unfettered access to natural wealth.","start":6289.258,"end":6303.375,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Or","start":6289.258,"end":6289.612},{"text":"other","start":6290.225,"end":6290.515},{"text":"lofty","start":6290.725,"end":6291.418},{"text":"political","start":6291.451,"end":6291.95},{"text":"slogans,","start":6291.95,"end":6292.87},{"text":"these","start":6293.692,"end":6294.079},{"text":"parties","start":6294.272,"end":6294.966},{"text":"seek","start":6295.417,"end":6295.804},{"text":"to","start":6295.82,"end":6295.949},{"text":"achieve","start":6296.03,"end":6296.82},{"text":"parochial","start":6296.837,"end":6297.727},{"text":"agendas","start":6298.455,"end":6299.248},{"text":"and","start":6299.426,"end":6299.604},{"text":"goals","start":6299.604,"end":6300.138},{"text":"of","start":6300.235,"end":6300.607},{"text":"ensuring","start":6300.656,"end":6301.109},{"text":"unfettered","start":6301.303,"end":6301.837},{"text":"access","start":6301.951,"end":6302.29},{"text":"to","start":6302.29,"end":6302.404},{"text":"natural","start":6302.404,"end":6302.792},{"text":"wealth.","start":6303.083,"end":6303.375}]},{"text":"And in fact, this is an egregious manifestation of neocolonialism.","start":6304.119,"end":6309.167,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6304.119,"end":6304.232},{"text":"in","start":6304.232,"end":6304.346},{"text":"fact,","start":6304.378,"end":6304.702},{"text":"this","start":6304.767,"end":6304.977},{"text":"is","start":6305.252,"end":6305.398},{"text":"an","start":6306.139,"end":6306.188},{"text":"egregious","start":6306.236,"end":6307.089},{"text":"manifestation","start":6307.202,"end":6308.023},{"text":"of","start":6308.023,"end":6308.104},{"text":"neocolonialism.","start":6308.168,"end":6309.167}]},{"text":"Recent history probably indeed abounds with a number of such examples.","start":6311.067,"end":6315.438,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Recent","start":6311.067,"end":6311.614},{"text":"history","start":6311.614,"end":6311.92},{"text":"probably","start":6311.953,"end":6312.565},{"text":"indeed","start":6312.919,"end":6313.225},{"text":"abounds","start":6313.225,"end":6313.772},{"text":"with","start":6313.869,"end":6314.03},{"text":"a","start":6314.03,"end":6314.046},{"text":"number","start":6314.046,"end":6314.577},{"text":"of","start":6314.594,"end":6314.642},{"text":"such","start":6314.69,"end":6314.916},{"text":"examples.","start":6314.916,"end":6315.438}]},{"text":"Let us touch upon the neocolonialist approaches of which have been fueling numerous conflicts on the African continent, including in Mali, Niger, and South Sudan.","start":6315.503,"end":6326.144,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":6315.503,"end":6315.666},{"text":"us","start":6315.666,"end":6315.732},{"text":"touch","start":6315.83,"end":6316.042},{"text":"upon","start":6316.091,"end":6316.45},{"text":"the","start":6316.547,"end":6316.58},{"text":"neocolonialist","start":6316.58,"end":6317.559},{"text":"approaches","start":6317.559,"end":6317.918},{"text":"of","start":6318.312,"end":6318.36},{"text":"which","start":6318.472,"end":6318.697},{"text":"have","start":6318.697,"end":6318.793},{"text":"been","start":6318.793,"end":6318.921},{"text":"fueling","start":6319.018,"end":6319.307},{"text":"numerous","start":6319.355,"end":6319.82},{"text":"conflicts","start":6319.82,"end":6320.51},{"text":"on","start":6320.542,"end":6320.607},{"text":"the","start":6320.623,"end":6320.767},{"text":"African","start":6320.783,"end":6321.249},{"text":"continent,","start":6321.265,"end":6321.923},{"text":"including","start":6322.468,"end":6322.918},{"text":"in","start":6323.046,"end":6323.174},{"text":"Mali,","start":6323.191,"end":6323.576},{"text":"Niger,","start":6324.009,"end":6324.571},{"text":"and","start":6325.036,"end":6325.116},{"text":"South","start":6325.132,"end":6325.502},{"text":"Sudan.","start":6325.534,"end":6326.144}]},{"text":"And this is also borne out by the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":6327.123,"end":6332.242,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6327.123,"end":6327.556},{"text":"this","start":6327.556,"end":6327.668},{"text":"is","start":6327.781,"end":6327.829},{"text":"also","start":6327.925,"end":6328.406},{"text":"borne","start":6328.423,"end":6328.631},{"text":"out","start":6328.727,"end":6328.824},{"text":"by","start":6328.824,"end":6329.064},{"text":"the","start":6329.064,"end":6329.145},{"text":"situation","start":6329.145,"end":6329.979},{"text":"in","start":6330.188,"end":6330.236},{"text":"the","start":6330.348,"end":6330.429},{"text":"Democratic","start":6330.493,"end":6330.99},{"text":"Republic","start":6330.99,"end":6331.408},{"text":"of","start":6331.408,"end":6331.488},{"text":"the","start":6331.536,"end":6331.697},{"text":"Congo.","start":6331.697,"end":6332.242}]},{"text":"Struggles over access to strategically important Congolese minerals is one of the causes for the protracted crisis in that country.","start":6332.29,"end":6340.588,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Struggles","start":6332.29,"end":6332.804},{"text":"over","start":6332.9,"end":6333.141},{"text":"access","start":6333.221,"end":6333.526},{"text":"to","start":6333.638,"end":6333.863},{"text":"strategically","start":6334.184,"end":6334.922},{"text":"important","start":6334.922,"end":6335.468},{"text":"Congolese","start":6335.468,"end":6336.014},{"text":"minerals","start":6336.046,"end":6336.495},{"text":"is","start":6336.591,"end":6336.656},{"text":"one","start":6336.752,"end":6336.896},{"text":"of","start":6336.993,"end":6337.057},{"text":"the","start":6337.105,"end":6337.314},{"text":"causes","start":6337.314,"end":6337.779},{"text":"for","start":6337.811,"end":6337.94},{"text":"the","start":6337.972,"end":6338.196},{"text":"protracted","start":6338.373,"end":6339.159},{"text":"crisis","start":6339.159,"end":6339.673},{"text":"in","start":6339.737,"end":6339.785},{"text":"that","start":6339.817,"end":6340.026},{"text":"country.","start":6340.058,"end":6340.588}]},{"text":"Control over extraction and illicit trade—","start":6341.567,"end":6344.07,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Control","start":6341.567,"end":6341.936},{"text":"over","start":6342.128,"end":6342.289},{"text":"extraction","start":6342.289,"end":6342.899},{"text":"and","start":6343.027,"end":6343.188},{"text":"illicit","start":6343.188,"end":6343.605},{"text":"trade—","start":6343.733,"end":6344.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"RUS","affiliation_full":"Russian Federation","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":40,"start":6344.07,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6345","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":6344.07,"end":6344.359,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6344.07,"end":6344.215},{"text":"you.","start":6344.215,"end":6344.359}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":41,"start":6345.017,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6346","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"of coltan, cobalt, copper, gold, diamonds is something which not only armed groups are competing over, but also state actors are competing over this.","start":6345.017,"end":6355.985,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"of","start":6345.017,"end":6345.081},{"text":"coltan,","start":6345.177,"end":6345.722},{"text":"cobalt,","start":6346.059,"end":6346.717},{"text":"copper,","start":6346.941,"end":6347.55},{"text":"gold,","start":6347.743,"end":6348.288},{"text":"diamonds","start":6348.32,"end":6349.01},{"text":"is","start":6350.148,"end":6350.212},{"text":"something","start":6350.245,"end":6350.678},{"text":"which","start":6350.79,"end":6350.982},{"text":"not","start":6350.982,"end":6351.191},{"text":"only","start":6351.191,"end":6351.383},{"text":"armed","start":6351.592,"end":6351.912},{"text":"groups","start":6351.912,"end":6352.185},{"text":"are","start":6352.185,"end":6352.233},{"text":"competing","start":6352.249,"end":6352.682},{"text":"over,","start":6352.794,"end":6352.971},{"text":"but","start":6353.035,"end":6353.211},{"text":"also","start":6353.211,"end":6353.548},{"text":"state","start":6353.548,"end":6354.318},{"text":"actors","start":6354.398,"end":6354.895},{"text":"are","start":6354.895,"end":6354.975},{"text":"competing","start":6354.975,"end":6355.408},{"text":"over","start":6355.52,"end":6355.681},{"text":"this.","start":6355.777,"end":6355.985}]},{"text":"And a particular role in these processes is played by extra-regional economic interests.","start":6356.563,"end":6362.4,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6356.563,"end":6356.627},{"text":"a","start":6356.964,"end":6356.98},{"text":"particular","start":6356.98,"end":6357.621},{"text":"role","start":6357.621,"end":6357.749},{"text":"in","start":6357.862,"end":6357.942},{"text":"these","start":6357.942,"end":6358.07},{"text":"processes","start":6358.182,"end":6358.712},{"text":"is","start":6358.76,"end":6358.84},{"text":"played","start":6358.904,"end":6359.193},{"text":"by","start":6359.225,"end":6359.337},{"text":"extra-regional","start":6359.61,"end":6360.636},{"text":"economic","start":6360.668,"end":6361.486},{"text":"interests.","start":6361.63,"end":6362.4}]},{"text":"Attempts to resolve the conflict in the east of the DRC will be futile if countries of the Great Lakes region failed to adopt resolute coordinated measures to combat illicit exploitation and the trafficking in natural resources.","start":6362.993,"end":6380.604,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Attempts","start":6362.993,"end":6363.522},{"text":"to","start":6363.715,"end":6363.875},{"text":"resolve","start":6363.875,"end":6364.244},{"text":"the","start":6364.292,"end":6364.436},{"text":"conflict","start":6364.436,"end":6364.918},{"text":"in","start":6364.918,"end":6364.998},{"text":"the","start":6364.998,"end":6365.19},{"text":"east","start":6365.222,"end":6365.495},{"text":"of","start":6365.495,"end":6365.575},{"text":"the","start":6365.575,"end":6365.719},{"text":"DRC","start":6365.719,"end":6366.553},{"text":"will","start":6366.986,"end":6367.195},{"text":"be","start":6367.227,"end":6367.403},{"text":"futile","start":6367.403,"end":6368.317},{"text":"if","start":6369.231,"end":6369.424},{"text":"countries","start":6369.809,"end":6370.225},{"text":"of","start":6370.29,"end":6370.37},{"text":"the","start":6370.37,"end":6370.45},{"text":"Great","start":6370.53,"end":6370.851},{"text":"Lakes","start":6370.851,"end":6371.107},{"text":"region","start":6371.172,"end":6371.541},{"text":"failed","start":6371.557,"end":6371.974},{"text":"to","start":6371.974,"end":6372.198},{"text":"adopt","start":6372.214,"end":6372.68},{"text":"resolute","start":6372.76,"end":6373.353},{"text":"coordinated","start":6373.738,"end":6374.957},{"text":"measures","start":6375.086,"end":6375.567},{"text":"to","start":6375.567,"end":6375.711},{"text":"combat","start":6375.727,"end":6376.145},{"text":"illicit","start":6376.145,"end":6376.642},{"text":"exploitation","start":6376.642,"end":6377.476},{"text":"and","start":6377.893,"end":6377.989},{"text":"the","start":6377.989,"end":6378.15},{"text":"trafficking","start":6378.15,"end":6378.84},{"text":"in","start":6378.968,"end":6379.016},{"text":"natural","start":6379.096,"end":6379.465},{"text":"resources.","start":6379.658,"end":6380.604}]},{"text":"More than ever before, it is necessary for there to be regional efforts to unify mineral certification mechanisms and for supply chain governance.","start":6381.422,"end":6389.973,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":6381.422,"end":6381.551},{"text":"than","start":6381.599,"end":6381.775},{"text":"ever","start":6381.775,"end":6381.984},{"text":"before,","start":6382,"end":6382.337},{"text":"it","start":6382.385,"end":6382.481},{"text":"is","start":6382.481,"end":6382.529},{"text":"necessary","start":6382.625,"end":6383.139},{"text":"for","start":6383.187,"end":6383.347},{"text":"there","start":6383.347,"end":6383.508},{"text":"to","start":6383.508,"end":6383.604},{"text":"be","start":6383.604,"end":6383.748},{"text":"regional","start":6383.829,"end":6384.406},{"text":"efforts","start":6384.406,"end":6384.679},{"text":"to","start":6384.727,"end":6384.935},{"text":"unify","start":6384.951,"end":6385.401},{"text":"mineral","start":6385.85,"end":6386.139},{"text":"certification","start":6386.171,"end":6386.941},{"text":"mechanisms","start":6387.037,"end":6387.663},{"text":"and","start":6387.759,"end":6387.903},{"text":"for","start":6387.935,"end":6388.128},{"text":"supply","start":6388.192,"end":6388.737},{"text":"chain","start":6388.737,"end":6389.026},{"text":"governance.","start":6389.219,"end":6389.973}]},{"text":"Any international standards in this area need to be crafted purely on the basis of broad international consensus.","start":6390.887,"end":6399.341,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":6390.887,"end":6391.047},{"text":"international","start":6391.047,"end":6391.817},{"text":"standards","start":6391.865,"end":6392.571},{"text":"in","start":6392.571,"end":6392.635},{"text":"this","start":6392.668,"end":6392.78},{"text":"area","start":6392.972,"end":6393.245},{"text":"need","start":6393.245,"end":6393.598},{"text":"to","start":6393.63,"end":6393.807},{"text":"be","start":6393.951,"end":6394.175},{"text":"crafted","start":6394.175,"end":6394.978},{"text":"purely","start":6395.555,"end":6396.004},{"text":"on","start":6396.117,"end":6396.197},{"text":"the","start":6396.197,"end":6396.357},{"text":"basis","start":6396.357,"end":6396.79},{"text":"of","start":6396.903,"end":6397.063},{"text":"broad","start":6397.464,"end":6398.106},{"text":"international","start":6398.106,"end":6398.763},{"text":"consensus.","start":6398.763,"end":6399.341}]},{"text":"They need to be non-discriminatory in nature They need to take into account the national specificities of states, and they must not generate new obstacles for their socioeconomic development.","start":6399.405,"end":6410.632,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6399.405,"end":6399.549},{"text":"need","start":6399.549,"end":6399.726},{"text":"to","start":6399.726,"end":6399.854},{"text":"be","start":6399.87,"end":6399.967},{"text":"non-discriminatory","start":6399.967,"end":6401.218},{"text":"in","start":6401.25,"end":6401.298},{"text":"nature","start":6401.394,"end":6401.779},{"text":"They","start":6402.052,"end":6402.148},{"text":"need","start":6402.212,"end":6402.437},{"text":"to","start":6402.437,"end":6402.597},{"text":"take","start":6402.597,"end":6402.79},{"text":"into","start":6402.838,"end":6403.046},{"text":"account","start":6403.094,"end":6403.576},{"text":"the","start":6403.576,"end":6403.672},{"text":"national","start":6403.672,"end":6404.041},{"text":"specificities","start":6404.057,"end":6404.875},{"text":"of","start":6404.875,"end":6404.955},{"text":"states,","start":6404.955,"end":6405.324},{"text":"and","start":6405.34,"end":6405.484},{"text":"they","start":6405.484,"end":6405.548},{"text":"must","start":6405.58,"end":6405.997},{"text":"not","start":6406.045,"end":6406.302},{"text":"generate","start":6406.302,"end":6406.767},{"text":"new","start":6406.767,"end":6406.879},{"text":"obstacles","start":6407.088,"end":6407.794},{"text":"for","start":6408.13,"end":6408.419},{"text":"their","start":6408.467,"end":6408.66},{"text":"socioeconomic","start":6408.804,"end":6409.83},{"text":"development.","start":6409.83,"end":6410.632}]},{"text":"The priority here needs to be on duly taking into account the interests of developing producing states, and this is inextricably linked to the provision of technical support, advanced technology transfer, including at preferential and on preferential and concessionary conditions.","start":6411.338,"end":6431.449,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6411.338,"end":6411.434},{"text":"priority","start":6411.434,"end":6412.076},{"text":"here","start":6412.076,"end":6412.268},{"text":"needs","start":6412.332,"end":6412.605},{"text":"to","start":6412.637,"end":6412.765},{"text":"be","start":6412.797,"end":6413.054},{"text":"on","start":6413.262,"end":6413.407},{"text":"duly","start":6413.519,"end":6413.76},{"text":"taking","start":6413.76,"end":6414.048},{"text":"into","start":6414.048,"end":6414.209},{"text":"account","start":6414.209,"end":6414.481},{"text":"the","start":6414.481,"end":6414.561},{"text":"interests","start":6414.706,"end":6415.139},{"text":"of","start":6415.139,"end":6415.267},{"text":"developing","start":6415.267,"end":6415.893},{"text":"producing","start":6416.245,"end":6416.855},{"text":"states,","start":6416.903,"end":6417.384},{"text":"and","start":6417.448,"end":6417.528},{"text":"this","start":6417.609,"end":6417.865},{"text":"is","start":6417.913,"end":6417.978},{"text":"inextricably","start":6418.074,"end":6418.86},{"text":"linked","start":6418.892,"end":6419.373},{"text":"to","start":6419.838,"end":6420.03},{"text":"the","start":6420.319,"end":6420.495},{"text":"provision","start":6420.495,"end":6421.041},{"text":"of","start":6421.041,"end":6421.121},{"text":"technical","start":6421.778,"end":6422.356},{"text":"support,","start":6422.516,"end":6423.382},{"text":"advanced","start":6424.104,"end":6424.89},{"text":"technology","start":6424.89,"end":6425.515},{"text":"transfer,","start":6425.531,"end":6426.349},{"text":"including","start":6426.429,"end":6427.119},{"text":"at","start":6427.231,"end":6427.552},{"text":"preferential","start":6427.712,"end":6428.386},{"text":"and","start":6428.579,"end":6428.979},{"text":"on","start":6428.979,"end":6429.076},{"text":"preferential","start":6429.076,"end":6429.653},{"text":"and","start":6429.653,"end":6429.813},{"text":"concessionary","start":6429.862,"end":6430.647},{"text":"conditions.","start":6430.776,"end":6431.449}]},{"text":"As well as enhancing financial support volumes to enhance the processing capabilities and technological sovereignty of extractive countries.","start":6432.347,"end":6444.194,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6432.347,"end":6432.572},{"text":"well","start":6432.684,"end":6432.796},{"text":"as","start":6433.149,"end":6433.453},{"text":"enhancing","start":6433.71,"end":6434.736},{"text":"financial","start":6434.848,"end":6435.537},{"text":"support","start":6435.569,"end":6436.275},{"text":"volumes","start":6436.275,"end":6436.948},{"text":"to","start":6437.317,"end":6437.509},{"text":"enhance","start":6438.439,"end":6439.016},{"text":"the","start":6439.016,"end":6439.176},{"text":"processing","start":6439.176,"end":6439.785},{"text":"capabilities","start":6439.882,"end":6440.747},{"text":"and","start":6440.843,"end":6441.02},{"text":"technological","start":6441.02,"end":6441.853},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6441.902,"end":6442.607},{"text":"of","start":6442.607,"end":6442.703},{"text":"extractive","start":6442.703,"end":6443.392},{"text":"countries.","start":6443.489,"end":6444.194}]},{"text":"These kinds of approaches are completely incompatible with the imposition of unilateral coercive measures, which undermine the investment appeal of states.","start":6444.851,"end":6456.442,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6444.851,"end":6445.076},{"text":"kinds","start":6445.172,"end":6445.428},{"text":"of","start":6445.428,"end":6445.525},{"text":"approaches","start":6445.525,"end":6446.198},{"text":"are","start":6446.775,"end":6446.823},{"text":"completely","start":6446.935,"end":6447.833},{"text":"incompatible","start":6447.913,"end":6449.019},{"text":"with","start":6449.115,"end":6449.356},{"text":"the","start":6449.356,"end":6449.516},{"text":"imposition","start":6449.516,"end":6450.045},{"text":"of","start":6450.093,"end":6450.222},{"text":"unilateral","start":6450.222,"end":6450.799},{"text":"coercive","start":6450.799,"end":6451.328},{"text":"measures,","start":6451.376,"end":6451.969},{"text":"which","start":6452.947,"end":6453.091},{"text":"undermine","start":6453.267,"end":6454.037},{"text":"the","start":6454.085,"end":6454.229},{"text":"investment","start":6454.245,"end":6454.887},{"text":"appeal","start":6454.887,"end":6455.48},{"text":"of","start":6455.752,"end":6455.848},{"text":"states.","start":6455.864,"end":6456.442}]},{"text":"They destroy.","start":6456.89,"end":6457.291,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6456.89,"end":6457.131},{"text":"destroy.","start":6457.131,"end":6457.291}]},{"text":"Disrupt supply chains and they obstruct the development of a processing industry.","start":6457.42,"end":6463.435,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Disrupt","start":6457.42,"end":6458.173},{"text":"supply","start":6458.173,"end":6458.687},{"text":"chains","start":6458.831,"end":6459.425},{"text":"and","start":6459.681,"end":6459.874},{"text":"they","start":6459.938,"end":6460.098},{"text":"obstruct","start":6460.098,"end":6460.74},{"text":"the","start":6460.74,"end":6460.82},{"text":"development","start":6460.82,"end":6461.622},{"text":"of","start":6461.622,"end":6461.847},{"text":"a","start":6461.847,"end":6462.023},{"text":"processing","start":6462.023,"end":6462.617},{"text":"industry.","start":6462.809,"end":6463.435}]},{"text":"They hamper access to technologies and significantly complicate post-conflict recovery.","start":6463.868,"end":6471.535,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6463.868,"end":6464.109},{"text":"hamper","start":6464.413,"end":6464.895},{"text":"access","start":6464.975,"end":6465.28},{"text":"to","start":6465.376,"end":6465.552},{"text":"technologies","start":6465.552,"end":6466.322},{"text":"and","start":6466.579,"end":6467.14},{"text":"significantly","start":6467.381,"end":6468.808},{"text":"complicate","start":6469.242,"end":6470.044},{"text":"post-conflict","start":6470.044,"end":6470.91},{"text":"recovery.","start":6470.91,"end":6471.535}]},{"text":"In connection with the above, we are not in a position to agree with the premise about the existence of some kind of a normative gap in international governance of matters of natural resources in the context of armed conflicts.","start":6472.434,"end":6486.182,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6472.434,"end":6472.498},{"text":"connection","start":6472.53,"end":6472.979},{"text":"with","start":6473.091,"end":6473.236},{"text":"the","start":6473.236,"end":6473.348},{"text":"above,","start":6473.348,"end":6473.861},{"text":"we","start":6474.118,"end":6474.198},{"text":"are","start":6474.198,"end":6474.246},{"text":"not","start":6474.294,"end":6474.872},{"text":"in","start":6475.08,"end":6475.129},{"text":"a","start":6475.177,"end":6475.257},{"text":"position","start":6475.257,"end":6475.786},{"text":"to","start":6475.818,"end":6475.947},{"text":"agree","start":6476.059,"end":6476.235},{"text":"with","start":6476.3,"end":6476.364},{"text":"the","start":6476.364,"end":6476.524},{"text":"premise","start":6476.524,"end":6476.941},{"text":"about","start":6476.941,"end":6477.134},{"text":"the","start":6477.182,"end":6477.262},{"text":"existence","start":6477.326,"end":6477.839},{"text":"of","start":6477.888,"end":6477.968},{"text":"some","start":6477.968,"end":6478.144},{"text":"kind","start":6478.208,"end":6478.465},{"text":"of","start":6478.465,"end":6478.561},{"text":"a","start":6478.609,"end":6478.642},{"text":"normative","start":6478.642,"end":6479.363},{"text":"gap","start":6479.428,"end":6479.764},{"text":"in","start":6480.31,"end":6480.358},{"text":"international","start":6480.454,"end":6481.24},{"text":"governance","start":6481.256,"end":6481.802},{"text":"of","start":6482.299,"end":6482.443},{"text":"matters","start":6482.475,"end":6482.844},{"text":"of","start":6482.892,"end":6483.005},{"text":"natural","start":6483.021,"end":6483.486},{"text":"resources","start":6483.502,"end":6484.127},{"text":"in","start":6484.24,"end":6484.32},{"text":"the","start":6484.32,"end":6484.464},{"text":"context","start":6484.464,"end":6484.978},{"text":"of","start":6484.962,"end":6485.122},{"text":"armed","start":6485.122,"end":6485.331},{"text":"conflicts.","start":6485.363,"end":6486.182}]},{"text":"This is not where the problem lies.","start":6487.209,"end":6488.703,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6487.209,"end":6487.322},{"text":"is","start":6487.434,"end":6487.498},{"text":"not","start":6487.531,"end":6487.755},{"text":"where","start":6487.755,"end":6487.82},{"text":"the","start":6487.852,"end":6487.996},{"text":"problem","start":6487.996,"end":6488.414},{"text":"lies.","start":6488.414,"end":6488.703}]},{"text":"The problem lies in the deliberate maintenance of hotspots of instability by those who gain political and economic advantages from this.","start":6489.056,"end":6499.765,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6489.056,"end":6489.168},{"text":"problem","start":6489.216,"end":6489.634},{"text":"lies","start":6489.698,"end":6489.987},{"text":"in","start":6490.019,"end":6490.084},{"text":"the","start":6490.084,"end":6490.148},{"text":"deliberate","start":6490.244,"end":6490.999},{"text":"maintenance","start":6490.999,"end":6491.496},{"text":"of","start":6491.545,"end":6491.641},{"text":"hotspots","start":6491.689,"end":6492.652},{"text":"of","start":6492.652,"end":6492.749},{"text":"instability","start":6492.749,"end":6493.439},{"text":"by","start":6493.455,"end":6493.584},{"text":"those","start":6493.776,"end":6494.322},{"text":"who","start":6495.141,"end":6495.334},{"text":"gain","start":6495.478,"end":6495.928},{"text":"political","start":6496.522,"end":6497.228},{"text":"and","start":6497.245,"end":6497.309},{"text":"economic","start":6497.405,"end":6497.983},{"text":"advantages","start":6498.047,"end":6499.139},{"text":"from","start":6499.252,"end":6499.444},{"text":"this.","start":6499.573,"end":6499.765}]},{"text":"It is equally important to bear in mind that the principle of the sovereignty of states over their natural resources constitutes one of the fundamental principles of of international law.","start":6500.632,"end":6511.727,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6500.632,"end":6500.713},{"text":"is","start":6500.713,"end":6500.825},{"text":"equally","start":6500.857,"end":6501.146},{"text":"important","start":6501.178,"end":6501.724},{"text":"to","start":6501.724,"end":6501.869},{"text":"bear","start":6501.901,"end":6502.013},{"text":"in","start":6502.061,"end":6502.11},{"text":"mind","start":6502.206,"end":6502.688},{"text":"that","start":6502.688,"end":6502.768},{"text":"the","start":6502.768,"end":6502.848},{"text":"principle","start":6503.009,"end":6503.426},{"text":"of","start":6503.426,"end":6503.506},{"text":"the","start":6503.506,"end":6503.587},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6503.587,"end":6504.197},{"text":"of","start":6504.229,"end":6504.293},{"text":"states","start":6504.293,"end":6504.871},{"text":"over","start":6504.871,"end":6505.08},{"text":"their","start":6505.112,"end":6505.273},{"text":"natural","start":6505.273,"end":6505.722},{"text":"resources","start":6505.754,"end":6506.525},{"text":"constitutes","start":6507.023,"end":6507.922},{"text":"one","start":6508.002,"end":6508.291},{"text":"of","start":6508.387,"end":6508.612},{"text":"the","start":6508.789,"end":6508.965},{"text":"fundamental","start":6508.965,"end":6509.993},{"text":"principles","start":6510.073,"end":6510.619},{"text":"of","start":6510.651,"end":6510.78},{"text":"of","start":6510.7,"end":6510.748},{"text":"international","start":6510.748,"end":6511.454},{"text":"law.","start":6511.534,"end":6511.727}]},{"text":"Today, unfortunately, we have heard a great deal of concessions and qualifications being made when it comes to the principle of sovereignty.","start":6512.562,"end":6523.866,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":6512.562,"end":6513.012},{"text":"unfortunately,","start":6513.124,"end":6513.863},{"text":"we","start":6513.927,"end":6514.087},{"text":"have","start":6514.087,"end":6514.312},{"text":"heard","start":6514.409,"end":6515.035},{"text":"a","start":6515.693,"end":6515.709},{"text":"great","start":6515.854,"end":6516.287},{"text":"deal","start":6516.432,"end":6516.689},{"text":"of","start":6516.897,"end":6517.251},{"text":"concessions","start":6517.861,"end":6518.808},{"text":"and","start":6518.985,"end":6519.226},{"text":"qualifications","start":6519.226,"end":6520.333},{"text":"being","start":6520.43,"end":6520.558},{"text":"made","start":6520.687,"end":6521.008},{"text":"when","start":6521.008,"end":6521.168},{"text":"it","start":6521.168,"end":6521.249},{"text":"comes","start":6521.249,"end":6521.538},{"text":"to","start":6521.57,"end":6521.843},{"text":"the","start":6521.955,"end":6522.132},{"text":"principle","start":6522.132,"end":6522.758},{"text":"of","start":6522.838,"end":6522.903},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":6522.935,"end":6523.866}]},{"text":"Any international initiatives, including the ideas that have been heard about traceability, need to be conducted in accordance with the principle of sovereignty.","start":6524.605,"end":6536.069,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":6524.605,"end":6524.91},{"text":"international","start":6525.102,"end":6525.969},{"text":"initiatives,","start":6525.985,"end":6526.836},{"text":"including","start":6527.414,"end":6527.864},{"text":"the","start":6527.976,"end":6528.073},{"text":"ideas","start":6528.073,"end":6528.683},{"text":"that","start":6528.715,"end":6528.86},{"text":"have","start":6528.86,"end":6529.02},{"text":"been","start":6529.02,"end":6529.1},{"text":"heard","start":6529.181,"end":6529.438},{"text":"about","start":6529.438,"end":6529.678},{"text":"traceability,","start":6529.678,"end":6530.69},{"text":"need","start":6531.525,"end":6532.055},{"text":"to","start":6532.087,"end":6532.408},{"text":"be","start":6533.05,"end":6533.291},{"text":"conducted","start":6533.436,"end":6533.917},{"text":"in","start":6533.917,"end":6533.998},{"text":"accordance","start":6533.998,"end":6534.656},{"text":"with","start":6534.656,"end":6534.768},{"text":"the","start":6534.8,"end":6534.897},{"text":"principle","start":6534.897,"end":6535.298},{"text":"of","start":6535.298,"end":6535.33},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":6535.33,"end":6536.069}]},{"text":"And they mustn't establish mechanisms which limit the legitimate right of states to do independently determined procedures for the extraction, use, and processing of their own resources.","start":6536.423,"end":6547.879,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6536.423,"end":6536.487},{"text":"they","start":6536.648,"end":6536.761},{"text":"mustn't","start":6536.761,"end":6537.518},{"text":"establish","start":6537.534,"end":6538.033},{"text":"mechanisms","start":6538.258,"end":6538.967},{"text":"which","start":6539.063,"end":6539.128},{"text":"limit","start":6539.305,"end":6539.74},{"text":"the","start":6539.788,"end":6539.885},{"text":"legitimate","start":6539.885,"end":6540.432},{"text":"right","start":6540.432,"end":6540.593},{"text":"of","start":6540.593,"end":6540.641},{"text":"states","start":6540.674,"end":6541.012},{"text":"to","start":6541.012,"end":6541.237},{"text":"do","start":6541.237,"end":6541.398},{"text":"independently","start":6541.736,"end":6542.67},{"text":"determined","start":6542.702,"end":6543.234},{"text":"procedures","start":6543.25,"end":6543.717},{"text":"for","start":6543.749,"end":6543.894},{"text":"the","start":6543.894,"end":6543.974},{"text":"extraction,","start":6543.974,"end":6544.683},{"text":"use,","start":6544.86,"end":6545.053},{"text":"and","start":6545.118,"end":6545.279},{"text":"processing","start":6545.279,"end":6545.81},{"text":"of","start":6545.994,"end":6546.044},{"text":"their","start":6546.159,"end":6546.292},{"text":"own","start":6546.656,"end":6546.871},{"text":"resources.","start":6547.086,"end":6547.879}]},{"text":"Thank you for your attention.","start":6548.326,"end":6549.053,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6548.326,"end":6548.64},{"text":"you","start":6548.64,"end":6548.706},{"text":"for","start":6548.723,"end":6548.822},{"text":"your","start":6548.822,"end":6548.888},{"text":"attention.","start":6548.888,"end":6549.053}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"RUS","affiliation_full":"Russian Federation","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":42,"start":6553.685,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6554","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of the Russian Federation, and I now give the floor to the representative of the United States, to be followed by Somalia and Pakistan.","start":6553.685,"end":6561.869,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6553.685,"end":6553.766},{"text":"thank","start":6553.766,"end":6554.007},{"text":"the","start":6554.007,"end":6554.104},{"text":"representative","start":6554.104,"end":6554.668},{"text":"of","start":6554.668,"end":6554.748},{"text":"the","start":6554.748,"end":6554.829},{"text":"Russian","start":6554.829,"end":6555.119},{"text":"Federation,","start":6555.119,"end":6555.699},{"text":"and","start":6555.763,"end":6555.86},{"text":"I","start":6555.86,"end":6555.876},{"text":"now","start":6555.876,"end":6556.053},{"text":"give","start":6556.102,"end":6556.247},{"text":"the","start":6556.247,"end":6556.279},{"text":"floor","start":6556.343,"end":6556.472},{"text":"to","start":6556.569,"end":6556.826},{"text":"the","start":6556.826,"end":6556.907},{"text":"representative","start":6556.907,"end":6557.616},{"text":"of","start":6557.713,"end":6557.825},{"text":"the","start":6557.858,"end":6557.922},{"text":"United","start":6557.922,"end":6558.196},{"text":"States,","start":6558.196,"end":6558.502},{"text":"to","start":6558.518,"end":6558.615},{"text":"be","start":6558.615,"end":6558.744},{"text":"followed","start":6558.744,"end":6559.13},{"text":"by","start":6559.485,"end":6559.678},{"text":"Somalia","start":6560.145,"end":6560.87},{"text":"and","start":6560.999,"end":6561.225},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":6561.257,"end":6561.869}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":43,"start":6564.852,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6565","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Ambassador. And I'd also like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this important meeting as part of its July Security Council presidency.","start":6564.852,"end":6572.851,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6564.852,"end":6565.077},{"text":"you,","start":6565.077,"end":6565.141},{"text":"Ambassador.","start":6565.157,"end":6565.575},{"text":"And","start":6565.655,"end":6565.864},{"text":"I'd","start":6565.896,"end":6566.057},{"text":"also","start":6566.057,"end":6566.298},{"text":"like","start":6566.298,"end":6566.458},{"text":"to","start":6566.458,"end":6566.539},{"text":"thank","start":6566.539,"end":6566.731},{"text":"the","start":6566.78,"end":6566.86},{"text":"Democratic","start":6566.86,"end":6567.342},{"text":"Republic","start":6567.342,"end":6567.679},{"text":"of","start":6567.679,"end":6567.743},{"text":"the","start":6567.743,"end":6567.824},{"text":"Congo","start":6567.824,"end":6568.209},{"text":"for","start":6568.209,"end":6568.37},{"text":"convening","start":6568.37,"end":6568.755},{"text":"this","start":6568.787,"end":6568.948},{"text":"important","start":6568.948,"end":6569.414},{"text":"meeting","start":6569.414,"end":6569.639},{"text":"as","start":6570.137,"end":6570.201},{"text":"part","start":6570.297,"end":6570.49},{"text":"of","start":6570.49,"end":6570.57},{"text":"its","start":6570.57,"end":6570.731},{"text":"July","start":6570.795,"end":6571.132},{"text":"Security","start":6571.582,"end":6571.887},{"text":"Council","start":6571.92,"end":6572.225},{"text":"presidency.","start":6572.241,"end":6572.851}]},{"text":"And Foreign Minister, your presence here today is a testament to the vital and timely nature of this topic.","start":6573.51,"end":6578.409,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6573.51,"end":6573.59},{"text":"Foreign","start":6573.606,"end":6573.799},{"text":"Minister,","start":6573.799,"end":6574.232},{"text":"your","start":6574.249,"end":6574.425},{"text":"presence","start":6574.489,"end":6574.875},{"text":"here","start":6574.875,"end":6575.036},{"text":"today","start":6575.036,"end":6575.293},{"text":"is","start":6575.293,"end":6575.341},{"text":"a","start":6575.453,"end":6575.517},{"text":"testament","start":6575.517,"end":6576.064},{"text":"to","start":6576.16,"end":6576.433},{"text":"the","start":6576.481,"end":6576.578},{"text":"vital","start":6576.578,"end":6576.851},{"text":"and","start":6576.899,"end":6577.043},{"text":"timely","start":6577.043,"end":6577.316},{"text":"nature","start":6577.316,"end":6577.622},{"text":"of","start":6577.622,"end":6577.83},{"text":"this","start":6577.862,"end":6577.975},{"text":"topic.","start":6578.023,"end":6578.409}]},{"text":"As President Trump has said, America's foreign policy has 2 main goals: to ensure prosperity at home and to ensure peace abroad.","start":6579.308,"end":6586.905,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6579.308,"end":6579.404},{"text":"President","start":6579.469,"end":6579.87},{"text":"Trump","start":6579.87,"end":6580.175},{"text":"has","start":6580.175,"end":6580.24},{"text":"said,","start":6580.352,"end":6580.641},{"text":"America's","start":6580.77,"end":6581.557},{"text":"foreign","start":6581.557,"end":6581.782},{"text":"policy","start":6581.782,"end":6582.167},{"text":"has","start":6582.183,"end":6582.376},{"text":"2","start":6582.424,"end":6582.569},{"text":"main","start":6582.585,"end":6582.729},{"text":"goals:","start":6582.842,"end":6583.051},{"text":"to","start":6583.886,"end":6583.966},{"text":"ensure","start":6583.966,"end":6584.207},{"text":"prosperity","start":6584.207,"end":6584.785},{"text":"at","start":6584.785,"end":6584.866},{"text":"home","start":6584.914,"end":6585.235},{"text":"and","start":6585.492,"end":6585.556},{"text":"to","start":6585.572,"end":6585.62},{"text":"ensure","start":6585.653,"end":6586.054},{"text":"peace","start":6586.054,"end":6586.408},{"text":"abroad.","start":6586.536,"end":6586.905}]},{"text":"A diverse and reliable supply of critical minerals, supported by a secure and resilient global supply chain, is essential to both of these goals.","start":6587.5,"end":6595.576,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":6587.5,"end":6587.532},{"text":"diverse","start":6587.532,"end":6588.19},{"text":"and","start":6587.95,"end":6588.126},{"text":"reliable","start":6588.126,"end":6588.704},{"text":"supply","start":6588.704,"end":6589.17},{"text":"of","start":6589.17,"end":6589.218},{"text":"critical","start":6589.33,"end":6589.668},{"text":"minerals,","start":6589.668,"end":6590.037},{"text":"supported","start":6590.246,"end":6590.695},{"text":"by","start":6590.695,"end":6590.792},{"text":"a","start":6590.792,"end":6590.824},{"text":"secure","start":6590.872,"end":6591.386},{"text":"and","start":6591.594,"end":6591.659},{"text":"resilient","start":6591.675,"end":6592.188},{"text":"global","start":6592.237,"end":6592.494},{"text":"supply","start":6592.494,"end":6592.879},{"text":"chain,","start":6592.879,"end":6593.072},{"text":"is","start":6593.682,"end":6593.778},{"text":"essential","start":6593.778,"end":6594.26},{"text":"to","start":6594.308,"end":6594.485},{"text":"both","start":6594.485,"end":6594.774},{"text":"of","start":6594.966,"end":6595.047},{"text":"these","start":6595.047,"end":6595.255},{"text":"goals.","start":6595.287,"end":6595.576}]},{"text":"The United States and our partners have a shared interest in diversifying supply chains and avoiding overreliance on any single country for critical minerals and other essential materials.","start":6596.492,"end":6605.772,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6596.492,"end":6596.54},{"text":"United","start":6596.556,"end":6596.829},{"text":"States","start":6596.829,"end":6597.214},{"text":"and","start":6597.214,"end":6597.262},{"text":"our","start":6597.262,"end":6597.375},{"text":"partners","start":6597.375,"end":6597.824},{"text":"have","start":6597.84,"end":6597.953},{"text":"a","start":6597.953,"end":6598.017},{"text":"shared","start":6598.017,"end":6598.483},{"text":"interest","start":6598.499,"end":6598.948},{"text":"in","start":6599.061,"end":6599.109},{"text":"diversifying","start":6599.141,"end":6599.751},{"text":"supply","start":6599.767,"end":6600.104},{"text":"chains","start":6600.104,"end":6600.522},{"text":"and","start":6600.666,"end":6600.731},{"text":"avoiding","start":6600.747,"end":6601.116},{"text":"overreliance","start":6601.212,"end":6601.838},{"text":"on","start":6602.433,"end":6602.481},{"text":"any","start":6602.577,"end":6602.754},{"text":"single","start":6602.754,"end":6603.075},{"text":"country","start":6603.075,"end":6603.476},{"text":"for","start":6603.476,"end":6603.637},{"text":"critical","start":6603.637,"end":6603.942},{"text":"minerals","start":6603.942,"end":6604.327},{"text":"and","start":6604.52,"end":6604.584},{"text":"other","start":6604.6,"end":6604.841},{"text":"essential","start":6604.841,"end":6605.226},{"text":"materials.","start":6605.242,"end":6605.772}]},{"text":"Open markets strengthen the global economy and reduce the risk of conflict.","start":6606.527,"end":6610.461,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Open","start":6606.527,"end":6606.704},{"text":"markets","start":6606.752,"end":6607.282},{"text":"strengthen","start":6607.33,"end":6607.795},{"text":"the","start":6607.795,"end":6607.876},{"text":"global","start":6607.876,"end":6608.197},{"text":"economy","start":6608.197,"end":6608.663},{"text":"and","start":6608.935,"end":6609},{"text":"reduce","start":6609.08,"end":6609.417},{"text":"the","start":6609.417,"end":6609.562},{"text":"risk","start":6609.562,"end":6609.835},{"text":"of","start":6609.835,"end":6609.947},{"text":"conflict.","start":6609.979,"end":6610.461}]},{"text":"It is with this goal in mind the United States brought together like-minded countries for a ministerial meeting in Washington in February to take decisive action.","start":6611.199,"end":6618.441,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6611.199,"end":6611.264},{"text":"is","start":6611.264,"end":6611.36},{"text":"with","start":6611.408,"end":6611.569},{"text":"this","start":6611.569,"end":6611.81},{"text":"goal","start":6611.81,"end":6611.97},{"text":"in","start":6611.97,"end":6612.034},{"text":"mind","start":6612.067,"end":6612.436},{"text":"the","start":6612.468,"end":6612.516},{"text":"United","start":6612.532,"end":6612.885},{"text":"States","start":6612.885,"end":6613.19},{"text":"brought","start":6613.19,"end":6613.785},{"text":"together","start":6613.48,"end":6613.736},{"text":"like-minded","start":6613.736,"end":6614.234},{"text":"countries","start":6614.234,"end":6614.603},{"text":"for","start":6614.78,"end":6614.909},{"text":"a","start":6614.941,"end":6614.957},{"text":"ministerial","start":6614.957,"end":6615.599},{"text":"meeting","start":6615.599,"end":6615.888},{"text":"in","start":6615.92,"end":6616.065},{"text":"Washington","start":6616.065,"end":6616.611},{"text":"in","start":6616.643,"end":6616.691},{"text":"February","start":6616.803,"end":6617.333},{"text":"to","start":6617.349,"end":6617.381},{"text":"take","start":6617.445,"end":6617.686},{"text":"decisive","start":6617.686,"end":6618.152},{"text":"action.","start":6618.152,"end":6618.441}]},{"text":"Together, we launched the new Forum on Resource Geostrategic Engagement, or FORGE.","start":6619.292,"end":6623.852,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Together,","start":6619.292,"end":6619.774},{"text":"we","start":6619.854,"end":6619.95},{"text":"launched","start":6619.998,"end":6620.336},{"text":"the","start":6620.336,"end":6620.432},{"text":"new","start":6620.432,"end":6620.641},{"text":"Forum","start":6620.641,"end":6621.01},{"text":"on","start":6621.042,"end":6621.09},{"text":"Resource","start":6621.203,"end":6621.588},{"text":"Geostrategic","start":6621.7,"end":6622.455},{"text":"Engagement,","start":6622.503,"end":6623.13},{"text":"or","start":6623.226,"end":6623.306},{"text":"FORGE.","start":6623.306,"end":6623.852}]},{"text":"FORGE partners will collaborate at the policy and project levels to advance initiatives that strengthen diversified, resilient critical mineral value chains.","start":6624.494,"end":6632.507,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"FORGE","start":6624.494,"end":6624.719},{"text":"partners","start":6624.751,"end":6625.121},{"text":"will","start":6625.217,"end":6625.313},{"text":"collaborate","start":6625.313,"end":6625.811},{"text":"at","start":6625.811,"end":6625.875},{"text":"the","start":6625.875,"end":6626.02},{"text":"policy","start":6626.02,"end":6626.437},{"text":"and","start":6626.437,"end":6626.517},{"text":"project","start":6626.517,"end":6626.919},{"text":"levels","start":6626.919,"end":6627.288},{"text":"to","start":6627.722,"end":6627.866},{"text":"advance","start":6627.866,"end":6628.284},{"text":"initiatives","start":6628.284,"end":6628.814},{"text":"that","start":6628.846,"end":6628.942},{"text":"strengthen","start":6628.942,"end":6629.536},{"text":"diversified,","start":6629.568,"end":6630.259},{"text":"resilient","start":6630.612,"end":6631.142},{"text":"critical","start":6631.174,"end":6631.527},{"text":"mineral","start":6631.527,"end":6631.832},{"text":"value","start":6631.832,"end":6632.137},{"text":"chains.","start":6632.137,"end":6632.507}]},{"text":"The United States is also mobilizing unprecedented resources to secure critical mineral supply chains supporting projects with more than $30 billion in letters of interest, investments, loans, and other support over the past months in partnership with the private sector.","start":6633.502,"end":6648.167,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6633.502,"end":6633.582},{"text":"United","start":6633.582,"end":6633.839},{"text":"States","start":6633.839,"end":6634.16},{"text":"is","start":6634.16,"end":6634.241},{"text":"also","start":6634.369,"end":6634.626},{"text":"mobilizing","start":6634.626,"end":6635.236},{"text":"unprecedented","start":6635.654,"end":6636.376},{"text":"resources","start":6636.376,"end":6636.922},{"text":"to","start":6636.954,"end":6637.051},{"text":"secure","start":6637.051,"end":6637.516},{"text":"critical","start":6637.516,"end":6637.886},{"text":"mineral","start":6637.886,"end":6638.175},{"text":"supply","start":6638.175,"end":6638.624},{"text":"chains","start":6638.624,"end":6638.929},{"text":"supporting","start":6639.202,"end":6639.571},{"text":"projects","start":6639.603,"end":6640.084},{"text":"with","start":6640.084,"end":6640.26},{"text":"more","start":6640.26,"end":6640.437},{"text":"than","start":6640.549,"end":6640.693},{"text":"$30","start":6640.806,"end":6641.094},{"text":"billion","start":6641.126,"end":6641.559},{"text":"in","start":6641.688,"end":6642.057},{"text":"letters","start":6642.153,"end":6642.377},{"text":"of","start":6642.409,"end":6642.49},{"text":"interest,","start":6642.49,"end":6642.939},{"text":"investments,","start":6643.211,"end":6643.853},{"text":"loans,","start":6644.174,"end":6644.542},{"text":"and","start":6644.895,"end":6644.959},{"text":"other","start":6644.975,"end":6645.2},{"text":"support","start":6645.2,"end":6645.665},{"text":"over","start":6645.793,"end":6645.938},{"text":"the","start":6645.938,"end":6646.018},{"text":"past","start":6646.082,"end":6646.339},{"text":"months","start":6646.339,"end":6646.74},{"text":"in","start":6646.74,"end":6646.788},{"text":"partnership","start":6646.884,"end":6647.381},{"text":"with","start":6647.381,"end":6647.445},{"text":"the","start":6647.445,"end":6647.541},{"text":"private","start":6647.541,"end":6647.798},{"text":"sector.","start":6647.798,"end":6648.167}]},{"text":"Reliable and sustainable access is vital not only to our collective prosperity but also to regional and global security.","start":6649.049,"end":6655.303,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Reliable","start":6649.049,"end":6649.546},{"text":"and","start":6649.546,"end":6649.642},{"text":"sustainable","start":6649.642,"end":6650.252},{"text":"access","start":6650.252,"end":6650.781},{"text":"is","start":6650.909,"end":6650.989},{"text":"vital","start":6651.005,"end":6651.326},{"text":"not","start":6651.326,"end":6651.551},{"text":"only","start":6651.551,"end":6651.791},{"text":"to","start":6651.791,"end":6651.855},{"text":"our","start":6651.855,"end":6652.016},{"text":"collective","start":6652.016,"end":6652.417},{"text":"prosperity","start":6652.433,"end":6653.042},{"text":"but","start":6653.395,"end":6653.539},{"text":"also","start":6653.539,"end":6653.796},{"text":"to","start":6653.86,"end":6653.972},{"text":"regional","start":6654.037,"end":6654.502},{"text":"and","start":6654.518,"end":6654.582},{"text":"global","start":6654.598,"end":6654.919},{"text":"security.","start":6654.919,"end":6655.303}]},{"text":"It will reduce strategic vulnerabilities, ensure no nation is left unduly dependent, and deny adversaries opportune— opportunities to exploit critical We see the challenges firsthand in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where illicit exploitation of natural resources enables violence against and exploitation of the Congolese people.","start":6656.137,"end":6675.338,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6656.137,"end":6656.186},{"text":"will","start":6656.186,"end":6656.346},{"text":"reduce","start":6656.346,"end":6656.603},{"text":"strategic","start":6656.603,"end":6657.164},{"text":"vulnerabilities,","start":6657.164,"end":6657.934},{"text":"ensure","start":6658.447,"end":6658.832},{"text":"no","start":6658.832,"end":6659.008},{"text":"nation","start":6659.008,"end":6659.345},{"text":"is","start":6659.345,"end":6659.457},{"text":"left","start":6659.553,"end":6659.874},{"text":"unduly","start":6659.89,"end":6660.291},{"text":"dependent,","start":6660.291,"end":6660.868},{"text":"and","start":6661.334,"end":6661.398},{"text":"deny","start":6661.398,"end":6661.606},{"text":"adversaries","start":6661.718,"end":6662.264},{"text":"opportune—","start":6662.36,"end":6662.745},{"text":"opportunities","start":6663.098,"end":6663.707},{"text":"to","start":6663.819,"end":6663.883},{"text":"exploit","start":6663.883,"end":6664.349},{"text":"critical","start":6664.445,"end":6665.952},{"text":"We","start":6665.584,"end":6666.45},{"text":"see","start":6666.45,"end":6666.627},{"text":"the","start":6666.627,"end":6666.707},{"text":"challenges","start":6666.707,"end":6667.204},{"text":"firsthand","start":6667.252,"end":6667.75},{"text":"in","start":6667.75,"end":6667.83},{"text":"the","start":6667.83,"end":6667.91},{"text":"Democratic","start":6667.91,"end":6668.391},{"text":"Republic","start":6668.391,"end":6668.792},{"text":"of","start":6668.792,"end":6668.857},{"text":"the","start":6668.857,"end":6668.937},{"text":"Congo,","start":6668.937,"end":6669.338},{"text":"where","start":6669.739,"end":6669.819},{"text":"illicit","start":6669.819,"end":6670.22},{"text":"exploitation","start":6670.22,"end":6670.862},{"text":"of","start":6670.878,"end":6670.958},{"text":"natural","start":6670.958,"end":6671.279},{"text":"resources","start":6671.279,"end":6671.808},{"text":"enables","start":6671.841,"end":6672.21},{"text":"violence","start":6672.242,"end":6672.643},{"text":"against","start":6672.643,"end":6673.108},{"text":"and","start":6673.365,"end":6673.429},{"text":"exploitation","start":6673.445,"end":6674.199},{"text":"of","start":6674.231,"end":6674.456},{"text":"the","start":6674.632,"end":6674.728},{"text":"Congolese","start":6674.728,"end":6675.129},{"text":"people.","start":6675.21,"end":6675.338}]},{"text":"That is why the United States took decisive action last month against Rwandan individuals and mining companies for their connections to illegal mineral trafficking.","start":6676.252,"end":6683.841,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":6676.252,"end":6676.413},{"text":"is","start":6676.413,"end":6676.509},{"text":"why","start":6676.557,"end":6676.734},{"text":"the","start":6676.734,"end":6676.798},{"text":"United","start":6676.798,"end":6677.103},{"text":"States","start":6677.119,"end":6677.343},{"text":"took","start":6677.456,"end":6677.696},{"text":"decisive","start":6677.696,"end":6678.178},{"text":"action","start":6678.178,"end":6678.498},{"text":"last","start":6678.498,"end":6678.691},{"text":"month","start":6678.739,"end":6678.98},{"text":"against","start":6678.98,"end":6679.285},{"text":"Rwandan","start":6679.285,"end":6679.718},{"text":"individuals","start":6679.718,"end":6680.311},{"text":"and","start":6680.343,"end":6680.424},{"text":"mining","start":6680.488,"end":6680.712},{"text":"companies","start":6680.744,"end":6681.194},{"text":"for","start":6681.691,"end":6681.771},{"text":"their","start":6681.787,"end":6681.948},{"text":"connections","start":6681.948,"end":6682.477},{"text":"to","start":6682.509,"end":6682.573},{"text":"illegal","start":6682.573,"end":6683.007},{"text":"mineral","start":6683.007,"end":6683.376},{"text":"trafficking.","start":6683.376,"end":6683.841}]},{"text":"Our sanctions aim to compel compliance with the historic U.S.-brokered Washington Accords and reinforce our commitment to implement the Regional Economic Integration Framework.","start":6685.012,"end":6693.662,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":6685.012,"end":6685.156},{"text":"sanctions","start":6685.156,"end":6685.67},{"text":"aim","start":6685.798,"end":6685.846},{"text":"to","start":6685.942,"end":6686.039},{"text":"compel","start":6686.039,"end":6686.424},{"text":"compliance","start":6686.424,"end":6686.985},{"text":"with","start":6687.001,"end":6687.065},{"text":"the","start":6687.065,"end":6687.146},{"text":"historic","start":6687.146,"end":6687.627},{"text":"U.S.-brokered","start":6687.627,"end":6688.253},{"text":"Washington","start":6688.285,"end":6688.75},{"text":"Accords","start":6688.75,"end":6689.119},{"text":"and","start":6689.729,"end":6689.793},{"text":"reinforce","start":6689.809,"end":6690.37},{"text":"our","start":6690.37,"end":6690.515},{"text":"commitment","start":6690.515,"end":6692.68},{"text":"to","start":6690.852,"end":6690.996},{"text":"implement","start":6690.996,"end":6691.414},{"text":"the","start":6691.414,"end":6691.478},{"text":"Regional","start":6691.494,"end":6691.911},{"text":"Economic","start":6691.911,"end":6692.329},{"text":"Integration","start":6692.441,"end":6693.067},{"text":"Framework.","start":6693.164,"end":6693.662}]},{"text":"The Regional Economic Integration Framework is designed to expand trade and investment, strengthen transparency across critical mineral supply chains, and lay the foundation for greater long-term economic opportunity throughout the region.","start":6694.448,"end":6706.635,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6694.448,"end":6694.513},{"text":"Regional","start":6694.529,"end":6695.235},{"text":"Economic","start":6695.669,"end":6696.134},{"text":"Integration","start":6696.15,"end":6696.6},{"text":"Framework","start":6696.696,"end":6697.13},{"text":"is","start":6697.21,"end":6697.322},{"text":"designed","start":6697.355,"end":6697.74},{"text":"to","start":6697.74,"end":6697.82},{"text":"expand","start":6697.82,"end":6698.318},{"text":"trade","start":6698.318,"end":6698.623},{"text":"and","start":6698.623,"end":6698.703},{"text":"investment,","start":6698.703,"end":6699.249},{"text":"strengthen","start":6699.458,"end":6699.924},{"text":"transparency","start":6699.924,"end":6700.726},{"text":"across","start":6700.726,"end":6701.16},{"text":"critical","start":6701.353,"end":6701.69},{"text":"mineral","start":6701.69,"end":6701.931},{"text":"supply","start":6701.931,"end":6702.316},{"text":"chains,","start":6702.316,"end":6702.621},{"text":"and","start":6703.055,"end":6703.119},{"text":"lay","start":6703.135,"end":6703.295},{"text":"the","start":6703.295,"end":6703.36},{"text":"foundation","start":6703.36,"end":6703.825},{"text":"for","start":6703.938,"end":6704.098},{"text":"greater","start":6704.098,"end":6704.403},{"text":"long-term","start":6704.419,"end":6704.837},{"text":"economic","start":6704.885,"end":6705.303},{"text":"opportunity","start":6705.303,"end":6705.913},{"text":"throughout","start":6705.929,"end":6706.25},{"text":"the","start":6706.25,"end":6706.33},{"text":"region.","start":6706.33,"end":6706.635}]},{"text":"The United States remains prepared to use all tools at its disposal to promote peace in eastern DRC.","start":6706.748,"end":6712.753,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6706.748,"end":6707.454},{"text":"United","start":6707.454,"end":6707.759},{"text":"States","start":6707.791,"end":6708.032},{"text":"remains","start":6708.032,"end":6708.369},{"text":"prepared","start":6708.418,"end":6708.819},{"text":"to","start":6708.819,"end":6708.883},{"text":"use","start":6708.899,"end":6709.14},{"text":"all","start":6709.22,"end":6709.269},{"text":"tools","start":6709.317,"end":6709.606},{"text":"at","start":6709.638,"end":6709.718},{"text":"its","start":6709.718,"end":6709.879},{"text":"disposal","start":6709.879,"end":6710.553},{"text":"to","start":6710.842,"end":6710.971},{"text":"promote","start":6710.987,"end":6711.388},{"text":"peace","start":6711.388,"end":6711.613},{"text":"in","start":6711.886,"end":6711.966},{"text":"eastern","start":6711.966,"end":6712.239},{"text":"DRC.","start":6712.287,"end":6712.753}]},{"text":"From his first day in office, President Trump has made it clear that economic security is national security.","start":6713.572,"end":6718.333,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"From","start":6713.572,"end":6713.7},{"text":"his","start":6713.716,"end":6713.877},{"text":"first","start":6713.893,"end":6714.166},{"text":"day","start":6714.166,"end":6714.214},{"text":"in","start":6714.214,"end":6714.358},{"text":"office,","start":6714.358,"end":6714.631},{"text":"President","start":6714.856,"end":6715.242},{"text":"Trump","start":6715.242,"end":6715.499},{"text":"has","start":6715.499,"end":6715.627},{"text":"made","start":6715.643,"end":6715.82},{"text":"it","start":6715.82,"end":6715.9},{"text":"clear","start":6715.9,"end":6716.221},{"text":"that","start":6716.221,"end":6716.382},{"text":"economic","start":6716.446,"end":6716.882},{"text":"security","start":6716.882,"end":6717.35},{"text":"is","start":6717.35,"end":6717.446},{"text":"national","start":6717.495,"end":6717.833},{"text":"security.","start":6717.833,"end":6718.333}]},{"text":"Together, we can strengthen trusted partnerships, diversify critical mineral value chains, and ensure our economies prosper free from coercion, disruption, or violence.","start":6718.898,"end":6728.185,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Together,","start":6718.898,"end":6719.35},{"text":"we","start":6719.446,"end":6719.527},{"text":"can","start":6719.527,"end":6719.688},{"text":"strengthen","start":6719.688,"end":6720.091},{"text":"trusted","start":6720.091,"end":6720.543},{"text":"partnerships,","start":6720.575,"end":6721.22},{"text":"diversify","start":6721.73,"end":6722.068},{"text":"critical","start":6722.068,"end":6722.359},{"text":"mineral","start":6722.359,"end":6722.649},{"text":"value","start":6722.649,"end":6722.843},{"text":"chains,","start":6722.891,"end":6723.263},{"text":"and","start":6723.618,"end":6723.682},{"text":"ensure","start":6723.698,"end":6723.973},{"text":"our","start":6724.005,"end":6724.102},{"text":"economies","start":6724.102,"end":6724.554},{"text":"prosper","start":6724.667,"end":6725.199},{"text":"free","start":6725.619,"end":6725.796},{"text":"from","start":6725.796,"end":6725.941},{"text":"coercion,","start":6726.022,"end":6726.522},{"text":"disruption,","start":6726.861,"end":6727.378},{"text":"or","start":6727.717,"end":6727.765},{"text":"violence.","start":6727.813,"end":6728.185}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6728.604,"end":6728.927,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6728.604,"end":6728.782},{"text":"you.","start":6728.782,"end":6728.927}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"USA","affiliation_full":"United States of America","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":44,"start":6731.833,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6732","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the United States, and I now give the floor to Somalia, to be followed by Pakistan and Latvia.","start":6731.833,"end":6747.325,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6731.833,"end":6731.898},{"text":"thank","start":6732.091,"end":6732.398},{"text":"the","start":6732.398,"end":6732.463},{"text":"United","start":6732.463,"end":6732.737},{"text":"States,","start":6732.737,"end":6733.189},{"text":"and","start":6733.286,"end":6733.351},{"text":"I","start":6733.383,"end":6733.399},{"text":"now","start":6733.399,"end":6733.577},{"text":"give","start":6733.625,"end":6733.835},{"text":"the","start":6733.851,"end":6733.948},{"text":"floor","start":6733.948,"end":6734.142},{"text":"to","start":6734.255,"end":6734.448},{"text":"Somalia,","start":6734.448,"end":6735.159},{"text":"to","start":6735.239,"end":6735.401},{"text":"be","start":6735.401,"end":6735.562},{"text":"followed","start":6735.562,"end":6735.934},{"text":"by","start":6735.966,"end":6736.208},{"text":"Pakistan","start":6736.208,"end":6736.902},{"text":"and","start":6736.918,"end":6737.031},{"text":"Latvia.","start":6747.164,"end":6747.325}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":45,"start":6748.134,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=6749","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, at the outset, allow me to thank the Democratic Republic of Congo for convening this timely Africa Area Formula meeting on the nexus between natural resources, conflict, and peacebuilding.","start":6748.134,"end":6762.229,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6748.134,"end":6748.377},{"text":"President,","start":6748.377,"end":6748.911},{"text":"at","start":6749.914,"end":6749.979},{"text":"the","start":6749.979,"end":6750.06},{"text":"outset,","start":6750.06,"end":6750.529},{"text":"allow","start":6751.289,"end":6751.451},{"text":"me","start":6751.467,"end":6751.613},{"text":"to","start":6751.677,"end":6751.823},{"text":"thank","start":6751.839,"end":6752.276},{"text":"the","start":6752.406,"end":6752.503},{"text":"Democratic","start":6752.503,"end":6753.053},{"text":"Republic","start":6753.053,"end":6753.489},{"text":"of","start":6753.489,"end":6753.603},{"text":"Congo","start":6753.619,"end":6754.023},{"text":"for","start":6754.59,"end":6754.768},{"text":"convening","start":6754.768,"end":6755.301},{"text":"this","start":6755.9,"end":6756.03},{"text":"timely","start":6756.03,"end":6756.352},{"text":"Africa","start":6756.449,"end":6756.804},{"text":"Area","start":6757.111,"end":6757.353},{"text":"Formula","start":6757.353,"end":6757.822},{"text":"meeting","start":6757.822,"end":6758.128},{"text":"on","start":6758.726,"end":6758.79},{"text":"the","start":6758.79,"end":6758.871},{"text":"nexus","start":6758.871,"end":6759.291},{"text":"between","start":6759.291,"end":6759.614},{"text":"natural","start":6759.614,"end":6759.936},{"text":"resources,","start":6759.936,"end":6760.469},{"text":"conflict,","start":6761.05,"end":6761.567},{"text":"and","start":6761.632,"end":6761.712},{"text":"peacebuilding.","start":6761.712,"end":6762.229}]},{"text":"We are also pleased to welcome Her Excellence, Ms. Theresa Wagner, the Foreign Minister of the Democratic Republic of Congo, whose presence underscores the importance attached to this important discussion.","start":6763.327,"end":6776.735,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6763.327,"end":6763.359},{"text":"are","start":6763.391,"end":6763.488},{"text":"also","start":6763.488,"end":6763.811},{"text":"pleased","start":6763.811,"end":6764.053},{"text":"to","start":6764.053,"end":6764.198},{"text":"welcome","start":6764.198,"end":6764.521},{"text":"Her","start":6765.423,"end":6765.507},{"text":"Excellence,","start":6765.59,"end":6766.191},{"text":"Ms.","start":6766.375,"end":6766.942},{"text":"Theresa","start":6767.026,"end":6767.41},{"text":"Wagner,","start":6767.762,"end":6768.196},{"text":"the","start":6768.646,"end":6768.71},{"text":"Foreign","start":6768.71,"end":6768.935},{"text":"Minister","start":6769.032,"end":6769.498},{"text":"of","start":6769.932,"end":6769.98},{"text":"the","start":6770.012,"end":6770.157},{"text":"Democratic","start":6770.157,"end":6770.655},{"text":"Republic","start":6770.655,"end":6771.057},{"text":"of","start":6771.057,"end":6771.202},{"text":"Congo,","start":6771.202,"end":6771.539},{"text":"whose","start":6772.327,"end":6772.472},{"text":"presence","start":6772.504,"end":6773.05},{"text":"underscores","start":6773.066,"end":6773.597},{"text":"the","start":6774.192,"end":6774.272},{"text":"importance","start":6774.272,"end":6774.867},{"text":"attached","start":6775.076,"end":6775.558},{"text":"to","start":6775.558,"end":6775.687},{"text":"this","start":6775.719,"end":6775.879},{"text":"important","start":6775.879,"end":6776.33},{"text":"discussion.","start":6776.33,"end":6776.735}]},{"text":"We also thank the briefers for their valuable insights.","start":6777.418,"end":6781.477,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6777.418,"end":6777.499},{"text":"also","start":6777.499,"end":6777.759},{"text":"thank","start":6777.823,"end":6778.213},{"text":"the","start":6778.213,"end":6778.262},{"text":"briefers","start":6778.311,"end":6778.765},{"text":"for","start":6779.999,"end":6780.129},{"text":"their","start":6780.129,"end":6780.308},{"text":"valuable","start":6780.324,"end":6780.779},{"text":"insights.","start":6780.974,"end":6781.477}]},{"text":"Natural resources occupy a unique place in today's global landscape.","start":6783.41,"end":6787.643,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":6783.41,"end":6783.683},{"text":"resources","start":6783.683,"end":6784.214},{"text":"occupy","start":6784.311,"end":6784.681},{"text":"a","start":6784.874,"end":6784.89},{"text":"unique","start":6784.955,"end":6785.277},{"text":"place","start":6785.293,"end":6785.727},{"text":"in","start":6786.259,"end":6786.307},{"text":"today's","start":6786.404,"end":6786.822},{"text":"global","start":6786.822,"end":6787.128},{"text":"landscape.","start":6787.128,"end":6787.643}]},{"text":"They are indispensable to the energy transition, technological innovation, and economic growth.","start":6788.416,"end":6794.813,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6788.416,"end":6788.48},{"text":"are","start":6788.496,"end":6788.657},{"text":"indispensable","start":6788.673,"end":6789.43},{"text":"to","start":6789.945,"end":6790.057},{"text":"the","start":6790.057,"end":6790.122},{"text":"energy","start":6790.202,"end":6790.524},{"text":"transition,","start":6790.589,"end":6791.12},{"text":"technological","start":6792.15,"end":6792.874},{"text":"innovation,","start":6792.923,"end":6793.309},{"text":"and","start":6794.036,"end":6794.101},{"text":"economic","start":6794.117,"end":6794.522},{"text":"growth.","start":6794.522,"end":6794.813}]},{"text":"At the same time, where governance gaps exist, illicit exploitation and trafficking can fuel armed groups, undermine state authority, and prolong the conflict.","start":6796.463,"end":6807.501,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":6796.463,"end":6796.495},{"text":"the","start":6796.495,"end":6796.544},{"text":"same","start":6796.544,"end":6796.754},{"text":"time,","start":6796.868,"end":6797.321},{"text":"where","start":6797.757,"end":6797.984},{"text":"governance","start":6797.984,"end":6798.583},{"text":"gaps","start":6798.712,"end":6798.987},{"text":"exist,","start":6799.052,"end":6800.168},{"text":"illicit","start":6800.184,"end":6800.605},{"text":"exploitation","start":6800.605,"end":6801.446},{"text":"and","start":6801.478,"end":6801.543},{"text":"trafficking","start":6801.624,"end":6802.093},{"text":"can","start":6802.53,"end":6802.66},{"text":"fuel","start":6802.66,"end":6802.968},{"text":"armed","start":6803.732,"end":6803.91},{"text":"groups,","start":6803.91,"end":6804.398},{"text":"undermine","start":6804.544,"end":6805.015},{"text":"state","start":6805.145,"end":6805.454},{"text":"authority,","start":6805.454,"end":6805.99},{"text":"and","start":6806.412,"end":6806.51},{"text":"prolong","start":6806.51,"end":6806.884},{"text":"the","start":6807.062,"end":6807.143},{"text":"conflict.","start":6807.143,"end":6807.501}]},{"text":"The challenge before us is therefore not the existence of natural resources themselves, but ensuring that they are governed in a manner that promotes peace, security, and sustainable development.","start":6808.76,"end":6820.926,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6808.76,"end":6808.792},{"text":"challenge","start":6808.792,"end":6809.177},{"text":"before","start":6809.177,"end":6809.499},{"text":"us","start":6809.499,"end":6809.852},{"text":"is","start":6809.917,"end":6810.045},{"text":"therefore","start":6810.061,"end":6810.575},{"text":"not","start":6810.784,"end":6811.122},{"text":"the","start":6811.668,"end":6811.732},{"text":"existence","start":6811.748,"end":6812.327},{"text":"of","start":6812.327,"end":6812.455},{"text":"natural","start":6812.472,"end":6812.809},{"text":"resources","start":6812.809,"end":6813.211},{"text":"themselves,","start":6813.211,"end":6813.741},{"text":"but","start":6814.239,"end":6814.336},{"text":"ensuring","start":6814.416,"end":6815.027},{"text":"that","start":6815.461,"end":6815.621},{"text":"they","start":6815.621,"end":6815.782},{"text":"are","start":6815.782,"end":6816.007},{"text":"governed","start":6816.023,"end":6816.393},{"text":"in","start":6816.746,"end":6816.794},{"text":"a","start":6816.891,"end":6816.923},{"text":"manner","start":6816.923,"end":6817.357},{"text":"that","start":6817.469,"end":6817.63},{"text":"promotes","start":6817.63,"end":6818.032},{"text":"peace,","start":6818.116,"end":6818.482},{"text":"security,","start":6818.798,"end":6819.446},{"text":"and","start":6819.802,"end":6819.882},{"text":"sustainable","start":6819.882,"end":6820.412},{"text":"development.","start":6820.444,"end":6820.926}]},{"text":"Allow me to make 3 points.","start":6822.034,"end":6823.655,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":6822.034,"end":6822.146},{"text":"me","start":6822.21,"end":6822.371},{"text":"to","start":6822.371,"end":6822.515},{"text":"make","start":6822.515,"end":6822.756},{"text":"3","start":6823.013,"end":6823.173},{"text":"points.","start":6823.173,"end":6823.655}]},{"text":"First, while the conflict dimension is critical, African perspective equally underscores the importance of natural minerals, our strategic assets for development, industrialization, and shared prosperity.","start":6824.618,"end":6840.206,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6824.618,"end":6825.052},{"text":"while","start":6825.501,"end":6825.646},{"text":"the","start":6825.646,"end":6825.742},{"text":"conflict","start":6825.742,"end":6826.352},{"text":"dimension","start":6827.09,"end":6827.556},{"text":"is","start":6827.652,"end":6827.717},{"text":"critical,","start":6827.829,"end":6828.423},{"text":"African","start":6828.792,"end":6829.113},{"text":"perspective","start":6829.113,"end":6829.804},{"text":"equally","start":6830.542,"end":6831.008},{"text":"underscores","start":6831.104,"end":6831.73},{"text":"the","start":6831.762,"end":6831.826},{"text":"importance","start":6831.842,"end":6832.484},{"text":"of","start":6832.549,"end":6832.693},{"text":"natural","start":6832.709,"end":6833.03},{"text":"minerals,","start":6833.046,"end":6833.496},{"text":"our","start":6834.636,"end":6834.973},{"text":"strategic","start":6834.973,"end":6835.551},{"text":"assets","start":6835.599,"end":6836.113},{"text":"for","start":6836.498,"end":6836.642},{"text":"development,","start":6836.739,"end":6837.317},{"text":"industrialization,","start":6838.007,"end":6838.954},{"text":"and","start":6839.147,"end":6839.227},{"text":"shared","start":6839.227,"end":6839.548},{"text":"prosperity.","start":6839.548,"end":6840.206}]},{"text":"For many African countries, critical minerals and other natural resources represent an opportunity to accelerate structural transformation, create employment, and advance implementation of the Agenda 2063 and the Sustainable Development Goals.","start":6840.736,"end":6856.607,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6840.736,"end":6840.864},{"text":"many","start":6840.913,"end":6841.121},{"text":"African","start":6841.153,"end":6841.523},{"text":"countries,","start":6841.555,"end":6842.004},{"text":"critical","start":6842.518,"end":6842.984},{"text":"minerals","start":6842.984,"end":6843.449},{"text":"and","start":6844.043,"end":6844.107},{"text":"other","start":6844.188,"end":6844.364},{"text":"natural","start":6844.364,"end":6844.765},{"text":"resources","start":6844.765,"end":6845.135},{"text":"represent","start":6845.167,"end":6845.729},{"text":"an","start":6845.729,"end":6845.825},{"text":"opportunity","start":6845.825,"end":6846.499},{"text":"to","start":6846.788,"end":6846.916},{"text":"accelerate","start":6846.916,"end":6847.703},{"text":"structural","start":6848.072,"end":6848.569},{"text":"transformation,","start":6848.681,"end":6849.387},{"text":"create","start":6849.82,"end":6850.157},{"text":"employment,","start":6850.157,"end":6850.863},{"text":"and","start":6850.943,"end":6851.104},{"text":"advance","start":6851.104,"end":6851.537},{"text":"implementation","start":6851.986,"end":6852.724},{"text":"of","start":6852.772,"end":6852.82},{"text":"the","start":6852.869,"end":6852.933},{"text":"Agenda","start":6852.933,"end":6853.35},{"text":"2063","start":6853.767,"end":6854.794},{"text":"and","start":6855.195,"end":6855.259},{"text":"the","start":6855.259,"end":6855.291},{"text":"Sustainable","start":6855.291,"end":6855.869},{"text":"Development","start":6855.901,"end":6856.382},{"text":"Goals.","start":6856.382,"end":6856.607}]},{"text":"In this regard, the African Mining Vision provides an important continental framework by promoting the transparent, equitable, and optimal exploitation of African mineral resources while emphasizing local value addition.","start":6857.762,"end":6872.329,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6857.762,"end":6857.826},{"text":"this","start":6857.842,"end":6858.002},{"text":"regard,","start":6858.002,"end":6858.371},{"text":"the","start":6859.446,"end":6859.527},{"text":"African","start":6859.591,"end":6859.976},{"text":"Mining","start":6860.008,"end":6860.377},{"text":"Vision","start":6860.409,"end":6860.778},{"text":"provides","start":6860.874,"end":6861.34},{"text":"an","start":6861.372,"end":6861.468},{"text":"important","start":6861.468,"end":6862.013},{"text":"continental","start":6862.013,"end":6862.639},{"text":"framework","start":6862.639,"end":6863.217},{"text":"by","start":6863.217,"end":6863.377},{"text":"promoting","start":6863.377,"end":6863.826},{"text":"the","start":6864.243,"end":6864.324},{"text":"transparent,","start":6864.324,"end":6865.142},{"text":"equitable,","start":6865.286,"end":6865.751},{"text":"and","start":6866.265,"end":6866.361},{"text":"optimal","start":6866.409,"end":6866.875},{"text":"exploitation","start":6866.923,"end":6867.629},{"text":"of","start":6867.629,"end":6867.757},{"text":"African","start":6868.511,"end":6868.848},{"text":"mineral","start":6868.848,"end":6869.313},{"text":"resources","start":6869.474,"end":6870.003},{"text":"while","start":6870.035,"end":6870.276},{"text":"emphasizing","start":6870.276,"end":6870.966},{"text":"local","start":6870.982,"end":6871.303},{"text":"value","start":6871.303,"end":6871.72},{"text":"addition.","start":6872.121,"end":6872.329}]},{"text":"Beneficiation, industrial development, and regional integration.","start":6873.21,"end":6876.788,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Beneficiation,","start":6873.21,"end":6873.776},{"text":"industrial","start":6874.278,"end":6874.667},{"text":"development,","start":6874.699,"end":6875.428},{"text":"and","start":6875.752,"end":6875.833},{"text":"regional","start":6875.833,"end":6876.141},{"text":"integration.","start":6876.141,"end":6876.788}]},{"text":"Any future discussion on natural resources and peace should therefore strike an appropriate balance between addressing security risks and enabling producing countries to derive sustainable and equitable benefits from their natural wealth.","start":6877.355,"end":6892.54,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":6877.355,"end":6877.517},{"text":"future","start":6877.533,"end":6877.954},{"text":"discussion","start":6878.003,"end":6878.554},{"text":"on","start":6878.732,"end":6878.829},{"text":"natural","start":6878.91,"end":6879.234},{"text":"resources","start":6879.234,"end":6879.606},{"text":"and","start":6879.639,"end":6879.801},{"text":"peace","start":6879.801,"end":6880.06},{"text":"should","start":6880.594,"end":6880.772},{"text":"therefore","start":6880.772,"end":6881.193},{"text":"strike","start":6881.193,"end":6881.582},{"text":"an","start":6881.582,"end":6881.663},{"text":"appropriate","start":6881.663,"end":6882.116},{"text":"balance","start":6882.148,"end":6882.666},{"text":"between","start":6883.604,"end":6883.96},{"text":"addressing","start":6884.155,"end":6884.624},{"text":"security","start":6884.721,"end":6885.271},{"text":"risks","start":6885.287,"end":6885.756},{"text":"and","start":6886.031,"end":6886.096},{"text":"enabling","start":6886.177,"end":6886.646},{"text":"producing","start":6887.148,"end":6887.617},{"text":"countries","start":6887.714,"end":6888.102},{"text":"to","start":6888.135,"end":6888.232},{"text":"derive","start":6888.297,"end":6888.669},{"text":"sustainable","start":6889.203,"end":6889.931},{"text":"and","start":6889.996,"end":6890.157},{"text":"equitable","start":6890.157,"end":6890.562},{"text":"benefits","start":6890.562,"end":6891.157},{"text":"from","start":6891.446,"end":6891.623},{"text":"their","start":6891.687,"end":6891.832},{"text":"natural","start":6891.848,"end":6892.25},{"text":"wealth.","start":6892.25,"end":6892.54}]},{"text":"Second, strengthening governance should remain the cornerstone of our collective efforts.","start":6893.312,"end":6899.867,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":6893.312,"end":6895.065},{"text":"strengthening","start":6895.45,"end":6895.997},{"text":"governance","start":6896.029,"end":6896.673},{"text":"should","start":6896.898,"end":6897.139},{"text":"remain","start":6897.139,"end":6897.429},{"text":"the","start":6897.622,"end":6897.718},{"text":"cornerstone","start":6897.718,"end":6898.41},{"text":"of","start":6898.728,"end":6898.872},{"text":"our","start":6898.872,"end":6899.081},{"text":"collective","start":6899.097,"end":6899.498},{"text":"efforts.","start":6899.498,"end":6899.867}]},{"text":"Existing due diligence, transparency, and traceability initiatives have made important contributions toward responsible resource management.","start":6900.461,"end":6912.237,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Existing","start":6900.461,"end":6901.006},{"text":"due","start":6902.097,"end":6902.338},{"text":"diligence,","start":6902.386,"end":6902.851},{"text":"transparency,","start":6903.124,"end":6903.894},{"text":"and","start":6904.712,"end":6904.808},{"text":"traceability","start":6905.53,"end":6906.301},{"text":"initiatives","start":6906.654,"end":6907.263},{"text":"have","start":6907.359,"end":6907.536},{"text":"made","start":6907.6,"end":6907.985},{"text":"important","start":6908.017,"end":6908.643},{"text":"contributions","start":6908.643,"end":6909.349},{"text":"toward","start":6909.782,"end":6910.055},{"text":"responsible","start":6910.424,"end":6911.05},{"text":"resource","start":6911.05,"end":6911.419},{"text":"management.","start":6911.723,"end":6912.237}]},{"text":"However, these efforts should be accompanied by a sustained investment in the national capacities, institutional strengthening, and technical assistance.","start":6912.814,"end":6924.109,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6912.814,"end":6913.344},{"text":"these","start":6914.114,"end":6914.323},{"text":"efforts","start":6915.622,"end":6915.975},{"text":"should","start":6916.264,"end":6916.504},{"text":"be","start":6916.504,"end":6916.585},{"text":"accompanied","start":6916.665,"end":6917.21},{"text":"by","start":6917.242,"end":6917.403},{"text":"a","start":6917.403,"end":6917.483},{"text":"sustained","start":6917.483,"end":6918.045},{"text":"investment","start":6918.125,"end":6918.895},{"text":"in","start":6919.665,"end":6919.729},{"text":"the","start":6919.729,"end":6919.874},{"text":"national","start":6919.874,"end":6920.227},{"text":"capacities,","start":6920.227,"end":6920.901},{"text":"institutional","start":6921.414,"end":6921.959},{"text":"strengthening,","start":6921.975,"end":6922.505},{"text":"and","start":6923.099,"end":6923.163},{"text":"technical","start":6923.259,"end":6923.676},{"text":"assistance.","start":6923.676,"end":6924.109}]},{"text":"Responsible governance cannot be achieved through standards alone.","start":6925.007,"end":6928.997,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsible","start":6925.007,"end":6925.584},{"text":"governance","start":6925.584,"end":6926.177},{"text":"cannot","start":6926.689,"end":6927.106},{"text":"be","start":6927.106,"end":6927.218},{"text":"achieved","start":6927.33,"end":6927.875},{"text":"through","start":6927.907,"end":6928.148},{"text":"standards","start":6928.148,"end":6928.596},{"text":"alone.","start":6928.709,"end":6928.997}]},{"text":"It also requires capable national institutions, effective border management, transparent regulatory frameworks, and international partnerships that empower producing countries rather than impose disproportionate compliance burdens upon them.","start":6929.574,"end":6945.455,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6929.574,"end":6929.654},{"text":"also","start":6929.734,"end":6929.991},{"text":"requires","start":6929.991,"end":6930.423},{"text":"capable","start":6930.551,"end":6930.968},{"text":"national","start":6931.657,"end":6932.01},{"text":"institutions,","start":6932.058,"end":6932.763},{"text":"effective","start":6932.795,"end":6933.292},{"text":"border","start":6933.42,"end":6933.676},{"text":"management,","start":6933.821,"end":6934.478},{"text":"transparent","start":6934.942,"end":6935.599},{"text":"regulatory","start":6935.599,"end":6936.16},{"text":"frameworks,","start":6936.16,"end":6936.881},{"text":"and","start":6937.282,"end":6937.346},{"text":"international","start":6937.362,"end":6937.907},{"text":"partnerships","start":6937.923,"end":6938.628},{"text":"that","start":6938.949,"end":6939.141},{"text":"empower","start":6939.141,"end":6939.67},{"text":"producing","start":6940.006,"end":6940.455},{"text":"countries","start":6940.487,"end":6940.936},{"text":"rather","start":6941.368,"end":6941.673},{"text":"than","start":6941.673,"end":6941.817},{"text":"impose","start":6941.849,"end":6942.298},{"text":"disproportionate","start":6942.731,"end":6943.74},{"text":"compliance","start":6943.932,"end":6944.557},{"text":"burdens","start":6944.573,"end":6944.926},{"text":"upon","start":6944.974,"end":6945.262},{"text":"them.","start":6945.295,"end":6945.455}]},{"text":"Third, Somalia supports the continued discussion towards a more coherent and comprehensive international framework addressing the relationship between natural resources and peace.","start":6946.577,"end":6957.521,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":6946.577,"end":6946.977},{"text":"Somalia","start":6947.314,"end":6947.73},{"text":"supports","start":6947.778,"end":6948.419},{"text":"the","start":6948.419,"end":6948.564},{"text":"continued","start":6948.564,"end":6949.044},{"text":"discussion","start":6949.044,"end":6949.509},{"text":"towards","start":6950.022,"end":6950.326},{"text":"a","start":6950.326,"end":6950.342},{"text":"more","start":6950.358,"end":6950.615},{"text":"coherent","start":6950.727,"end":6951.32},{"text":"and","start":6951.785,"end":6951.849},{"text":"comprehensive","start":6951.865,"end":6952.506},{"text":"international","start":6952.506,"end":6953.035},{"text":"framework","start":6953.051,"end":6953.611},{"text":"addressing","start":6954.092,"end":6954.557},{"text":"the","start":6954.573,"end":6954.637},{"text":"relationship","start":6954.653,"end":6955.39},{"text":"between","start":6955.775,"end":6955.999},{"text":"natural","start":6956.031,"end":6956.416},{"text":"resources","start":6956.416,"end":6957.041},{"text":"and","start":6957.153,"end":6957.297},{"text":"peace.","start":6957.313,"end":6957.521}]},{"text":"Such efforts should build upon existing mechanisms, avoid duplication, and fully respect national sovereignty and ownership.","start":6958.21,"end":6966.671,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":6958.21,"end":6958.403},{"text":"efforts","start":6958.579,"end":6958.916},{"text":"should","start":6958.916,"end":6959.236},{"text":"build","start":6959.236,"end":6959.525},{"text":"upon","start":6959.701,"end":6959.925},{"text":"existing","start":6959.973,"end":6960.486},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":6960.662,"end":6961.207},{"text":"avoid","start":6961.72,"end":6962.056},{"text":"duplication,","start":6962.104,"end":6962.729},{"text":"and","start":6963.242,"end":6963.306},{"text":"fully","start":6963.322,"end":6963.563},{"text":"respect","start":6963.563,"end":6964.043},{"text":"national","start":6964.14,"end":6964.524},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6964.524,"end":6965.053},{"text":"and","start":6966.031,"end":6966.127},{"text":"ownership.","start":6966.191,"end":6966.671}]},{"text":"The Security Council has an important role where the illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources contribute to the threats to international peace and security.","start":6967.168,"end":6976.271,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6967.168,"end":6967.264},{"text":"Security","start":6967.264,"end":6967.697},{"text":"Council","start":6967.713,"end":6968.13},{"text":"has","start":6968.13,"end":6968.258},{"text":"an","start":6968.29,"end":6968.386},{"text":"important","start":6968.386,"end":6968.931},{"text":"role","start":6968.931,"end":6969.075},{"text":"where","start":6969.636,"end":6969.732},{"text":"the","start":6969.732,"end":6969.876},{"text":"illicit","start":6969.892,"end":6970.373},{"text":"exploitation","start":6970.373,"end":6971.094},{"text":"and","start":6971.094,"end":6971.239},{"text":"trafficking","start":6971.239,"end":6971.671},{"text":"of","start":6971.671,"end":6971.783},{"text":"natural","start":6971.879,"end":6972.136},{"text":"resources","start":6972.2,"end":6972.665},{"text":"contribute","start":6973.161,"end":6973.738},{"text":"to","start":6973.738,"end":6973.834},{"text":"the","start":6973.899,"end":6974.059},{"text":"threats","start":6974.059,"end":6974.62},{"text":"to","start":6974.876,"end":6974.956},{"text":"international","start":6974.956,"end":6975.501},{"text":"peace","start":6975.501,"end":6975.677},{"text":"and","start":6975.677,"end":6977.68},{"text":"security.","start":6975.79,"end":6976.271}]},{"text":"Its efforts should complement the work of the relevant regional organizations and international institutions, while taking into account the different circumstances and priorities of producing countries.","start":6977.186,"end":6989.438,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":6977.186,"end":6977.411},{"text":"efforts","start":6977.427,"end":6977.893},{"text":"should","start":6977.893,"end":6978.037},{"text":"complement","start":6978.07,"end":6978.84},{"text":"the","start":6979.113,"end":6979.258},{"text":"work","start":6979.274,"end":6979.675},{"text":"of","start":6979.675,"end":6979.772},{"text":"the","start":6979.772,"end":6979.852},{"text":"relevant","start":6979.852,"end":6980.334},{"text":"regional","start":6980.334,"end":6980.655},{"text":"organizations","start":6980.655,"end":6981.409},{"text":"and","start":6981.843,"end":6981.907},{"text":"international","start":6981.923,"end":6982.485},{"text":"institutions,","start":6982.485,"end":6983.095},{"text":"while","start":6983.529,"end":6983.738},{"text":"taking","start":6983.754,"end":6984.075},{"text":"into","start":6984.091,"end":6984.283},{"text":"account","start":6984.332,"end":6984.926},{"text":"the","start":6984.958,"end":6985.054},{"text":"different","start":6985.054,"end":6985.761},{"text":"circumstances","start":6986.034,"end":6986.869},{"text":"and","start":6986.901,"end":6987.029},{"text":"priorities","start":6987.061,"end":6987.671},{"text":"of","start":6988.362,"end":6988.474},{"text":"producing","start":6988.506,"end":6988.956},{"text":"countries.","start":6989.052,"end":6989.438}]},{"text":"In this regard, regional frameworks, including African Mining Vision, provide valuable guidance on promoting responsible resource governance that advances peace, sustainable development and shared prosperity.","start":6990.032,"end":7004.129,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6990.032,"end":6990.08},{"text":"this","start":6990.112,"end":6990.337},{"text":"regard,","start":6990.337,"end":6990.722},{"text":"regional","start":6991.316,"end":6991.637},{"text":"frameworks,","start":6991.637,"end":6992.36},{"text":"including","start":6993.066,"end":6993.484},{"text":"African","start":6993.628,"end":6994.014},{"text":"Mining","start":6994.046,"end":6994.335},{"text":"Vision,","start":6994.367,"end":6994.736},{"text":"provide","start":6994.929,"end":6995.411},{"text":"valuable","start":6995.427,"end":6995.957},{"text":"guidance","start":6995.973,"end":6996.342},{"text":"on","start":6997.016,"end":6997.065},{"text":"promoting","start":6997.161,"end":6997.626},{"text":"responsible","start":6997.659,"end":6998.574},{"text":"resource","start":6998.686,"end":6999.088},{"text":"governance","start":6999.088,"end":6999.618},{"text":"that","start":6999.987,"end":7000.212},{"text":"advances","start":7000.212,"end":7000.758},{"text":"peace,","start":7000.79,"end":7001.191},{"text":"sustainable","start":7001.448,"end":7001.978},{"text":"development","start":7002.058,"end":7002.732},{"text":"and","start":7003.038,"end":7003.102},{"text":"shared","start":7003.102,"end":7003.503},{"text":"prosperity.","start":7003.503,"end":7004.129}]},{"text":"Madam President, natural resources, wherever they are found, should serve as a foundation for peace, shared prosperity and sustainable development, rather than a driver of conflict and instability.","start":7004.643,"end":7017.617,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7004.643,"end":7004.852},{"text":"President,","start":7004.948,"end":7005.607},{"text":"natural","start":7006.474,"end":7006.795},{"text":"resources,","start":7006.795,"end":7007.421},{"text":"wherever","start":7007.774,"end":7008.176},{"text":"they","start":7008.176,"end":7008.336},{"text":"are","start":7008.336,"end":7008.481},{"text":"found,","start":7008.481,"end":7008.898},{"text":"should","start":7009.284,"end":7009.46},{"text":"serve","start":7009.46,"end":7009.862},{"text":"as","start":7009.862,"end":7010.022},{"text":"a","start":7010.022,"end":7010.038},{"text":"foundation","start":7010.086,"end":7010.713},{"text":"for","start":7010.809,"end":7010.921},{"text":"peace,","start":7010.986,"end":7011.387},{"text":"shared","start":7011.949,"end":7012.479},{"text":"prosperity","start":7012.511,"end":7013.121},{"text":"and","start":7013.25,"end":7013.571},{"text":"sustainable","start":7013.683,"end":7014.261},{"text":"development,","start":7014.261,"end":7014.903},{"text":"rather","start":7015.225,"end":7015.546},{"text":"than","start":7015.546,"end":7015.61},{"text":"a","start":7015.626,"end":7015.706},{"text":"driver","start":7015.706,"end":7016.172},{"text":"of","start":7016.204,"end":7016.332},{"text":"conflict","start":7016.365,"end":7016.862},{"text":"and","start":7016.862,"end":7016.991},{"text":"instability.","start":7016.991,"end":7017.617}]},{"text":"Achieving these objectives requires genuine partnership, shared responsibility, transparent governance, equitable benefit sharing and greater value addition to producing countries, including across Africa, so that the benefits of natural resources contribute to the long-term peace and inclusive development.","start":7018.291,"end":7039.92,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Achieving","start":7018.291,"end":7018.629},{"text":"these","start":7018.629,"end":7018.741},{"text":"objectives","start":7018.853,"end":7019.48},{"text":"requires","start":7019.48,"end":7019.945},{"text":"genuine","start":7020.042,"end":7020.363},{"text":"partnership,","start":7020.379,"end":7021.021},{"text":"shared","start":7021.487,"end":7021.872},{"text":"responsibility,","start":7021.968,"end":7022.771},{"text":"transparent","start":7023.221,"end":7023.831},{"text":"governance,","start":7023.831,"end":7024.425},{"text":"equitable","start":7024.971,"end":7025.485},{"text":"benefit","start":7025.517,"end":7025.918},{"text":"sharing","start":7025.918,"end":7026.368},{"text":"and","start":7027.026,"end":7027.187},{"text":"greater","start":7027.187,"end":7027.749},{"text":"value","start":7028.166,"end":7028.616},{"text":"addition","start":7028.728,"end":7029.097},{"text":"to","start":7029.21,"end":7029.306},{"text":"producing","start":7029.354,"end":7029.82},{"text":"countries,","start":7029.852,"end":7030.302},{"text":"including","start":7030.494,"end":7030.992},{"text":"across","start":7032.02,"end":7032.534},{"text":"Africa,","start":7032.582,"end":7033.047},{"text":"so","start":7033.32,"end":7033.545},{"text":"that","start":7033.545,"end":7033.947},{"text":"the","start":7034.091,"end":7034.139},{"text":"benefits","start":7034.187,"end":7034.621},{"text":"of","start":7034.685,"end":7034.798},{"text":"natural","start":7034.846,"end":7035.151},{"text":"resources","start":7035.151,"end":7035.697},{"text":"contribute","start":7035.697,"end":7036.403},{"text":"to","start":7036.74,"end":7036.805},{"text":"the","start":7036.837,"end":7036.997},{"text":"long-term","start":7036.997,"end":7037.607},{"text":"peace","start":7037.704,"end":7037.977},{"text":"and","start":7038.458,"end":7038.587},{"text":"inclusive","start":7038.587,"end":7039.181},{"text":"development.","start":7039.309,"end":7039.92}]},{"text":"Somalia remains committed to engaging constructively in these discussions and to supporting nationally owned and internationally coordinated approach to a responsible natural resource governance.","start":7040.915,"end":7053.598,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Somalia","start":7040.915,"end":7041.349},{"text":"remains","start":7041.349,"end":7041.862},{"text":"committed","start":7041.959,"end":7042.344},{"text":"to","start":7042.457,"end":7042.585},{"text":"engaging","start":7042.601,"end":7043.067},{"text":"constructively","start":7043.259,"end":7044.03},{"text":"in","start":7044.464,"end":7044.528},{"text":"these","start":7044.544,"end":7044.64},{"text":"discussions","start":7044.704,"end":7045.315},{"text":"and","start":7045.828,"end":7045.893},{"text":"to","start":7045.909,"end":7046.005},{"text":"supporting","start":7046.005,"end":7046.599},{"text":"nationally","start":7047.595,"end":7048.157},{"text":"owned","start":7048.301,"end":7048.526},{"text":"and","start":7048.959,"end":7049.024},{"text":"internationally","start":7049.056,"end":7049.682},{"text":"coordinated","start":7049.682,"end":7050.308},{"text":"approach","start":7050.324,"end":7050.678},{"text":"to","start":7051.207,"end":7051.352},{"text":"a","start":7051.368,"end":7051.512},{"text":"responsible","start":7051.512,"end":7052.139},{"text":"natural","start":7052.477,"end":7052.802},{"text":"resource","start":7052.802,"end":7053.208},{"text":"governance.","start":7053.208,"end":7053.598}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":7054.264,"end":7054.832,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7054.264,"end":7054.361},{"text":"thank","start":7054.361,"end":7054.605},{"text":"you.","start":7054.605,"end":7054.832}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"SOM","affiliation_full":"Somalia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":46,"start":7060.122,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7061","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Somalia, and I now give the floor to Pakistan, who will be followed by Latvia and Colombia.","start":7060.122,"end":7065.431,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7060.122,"end":7060.171},{"text":"thank","start":7060.203,"end":7060.46},{"text":"Somalia,","start":7060.46,"end":7061.152},{"text":"and","start":7061.248,"end":7061.393},{"text":"I","start":7061.393,"end":7061.425},{"text":"now","start":7061.425,"end":7061.57},{"text":"give","start":7061.651,"end":7061.876},{"text":"the","start":7061.876,"end":7061.94},{"text":"floor","start":7061.956,"end":7062.278},{"text":"to","start":7062.278,"end":7062.391},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":7062.519,"end":7063.147},{"text":"who","start":7063.243,"end":7063.34},{"text":"will","start":7063.34,"end":7063.452},{"text":"be","start":7063.5,"end":7063.645},{"text":"followed","start":7063.645,"end":7063.967},{"text":"by","start":7063.967,"end":7064.208},{"text":"Latvia","start":7064.208,"end":7064.691},{"text":"and","start":7064.771,"end":7064.836},{"text":"Colombia.","start":7064.868,"end":7065.431}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":47,"start":7071.502,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7072","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"We thank you, Madam Foreign Minister, for convening and chairing this very important Aria Formula meeting, and we also thank the briefers for their invaluable insights.","start":7071.502,"end":7086.72,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7071.502,"end":7071.68},{"text":"thank","start":7071.68,"end":7071.988},{"text":"you,","start":7071.988,"end":7072.133},{"text":"Madam","start":7072.749,"end":7073.056},{"text":"Foreign","start":7073.056,"end":7073.331},{"text":"Minister,","start":7073.331,"end":7073.768},{"text":"for","start":7073.784,"end":7074.286},{"text":"convening","start":7074.351,"end":7074.885},{"text":"and","start":7075.387,"end":7075.613},{"text":"chairing","start":7075.711,"end":7076.099},{"text":"this","start":7076.196,"end":7076.488},{"text":"very","start":7076.617,"end":7077.475},{"text":"important","start":7077.491,"end":7077.96},{"text":"Aria","start":7078.248,"end":7078.65},{"text":"Formula","start":7078.65,"end":7079.246},{"text":"meeting,","start":7079.246,"end":7079.681},{"text":"and","start":7080.744,"end":7080.825},{"text":"we","start":7080.905,"end":7081.066},{"text":"also","start":7081.066,"end":7081.566},{"text":"thank","start":7081.566,"end":7082.065},{"text":"the","start":7082.596,"end":7082.806},{"text":"briefers","start":7082.919,"end":7083.305},{"text":"for","start":7083.418,"end":7083.611},{"text":"their","start":7083.74,"end":7084.239},{"text":"invaluable","start":7084.787,"end":7085.512},{"text":"insights.","start":7086.059,"end":7086.72}]},{"text":"Natural resources should serve as instruments of sustainable development, shared prosperity, and peace, and not coercion, conflict, or geopolitical competition.","start":7088.282,"end":7102.276,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":7088.282,"end":7088.749},{"text":"resources","start":7088.749,"end":7089.296},{"text":"should","start":7089.633,"end":7089.907},{"text":"serve","start":7089.907,"end":7090.422},{"text":"as","start":7091.564,"end":7091.708},{"text":"instruments","start":7091.885,"end":7092.529},{"text":"of","start":7092.529,"end":7092.722},{"text":"sustainable","start":7092.722,"end":7093.301},{"text":"development,","start":7093.349,"end":7093.96},{"text":"shared","start":7094.057,"end":7094.395},{"text":"prosperity,","start":7094.395,"end":7095.167},{"text":"and","start":7095.505,"end":7095.585},{"text":"peace,","start":7095.682,"end":7096.084},{"text":"and","start":7096.405,"end":7096.47},{"text":"not","start":7096.631,"end":7096.904},{"text":"coercion,","start":7098.239,"end":7098.786},{"text":"conflict,","start":7099.365,"end":7100.089},{"text":"or","start":7100.33,"end":7100.684},{"text":"geopolitical","start":7100.732,"end":7101.601},{"text":"competition.","start":7101.617,"end":7102.276}]},{"text":"As we have heard in this meeting, Pakistan has long stood in solidarity with African countries in their pursuit of sovereign control over their natural wealth and development.","start":7102.582,"end":7115.825,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7102.582,"end":7102.646},{"text":"we","start":7102.759,"end":7103.016},{"text":"have","start":7103.44,"end":7103.76},{"text":"heard","start":7103.857,"end":7104.242},{"text":"in","start":7104.916,"end":7104.948},{"text":"this","start":7105.076,"end":7105.301},{"text":"meeting,","start":7105.301,"end":7105.605},{"text":"Pakistan","start":7105.878,"end":7106.488},{"text":"has","start":7106.568,"end":7106.889},{"text":"long","start":7107.001,"end":7107.21},{"text":"stood","start":7107.258,"end":7107.723},{"text":"in","start":7108.75,"end":7108.814},{"text":"solidarity","start":7108.91,"end":7109.632},{"text":"with","start":7109.632,"end":7109.793},{"text":"African","start":7109.793,"end":7110.258},{"text":"countries","start":7110.274,"end":7110.739},{"text":"in","start":7110.932,"end":7110.98},{"text":"their","start":7111.092,"end":7111.253},{"text":"pursuit","start":7111.253,"end":7111.798},{"text":"of","start":7111.798,"end":7111.943},{"text":"sovereign","start":7112.071,"end":7112.424},{"text":"control","start":7112.536,"end":7113.226},{"text":"over","start":7113.499,"end":7113.611},{"text":"their","start":7113.74,"end":7113.964},{"text":"natural","start":7113.98,"end":7114.542},{"text":"wealth","start":7114.542,"end":7114.943},{"text":"and","start":7115.087,"end":7115.168},{"text":"development.","start":7115.264,"end":7115.825}]},{"text":"Africa's experience shows that where mineral wealth intersects with weak governance, illicit exploitation, and external interference, the risks of instability increase.","start":7117.045,"end":7131.24,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Africa's","start":7117.045,"end":7117.831},{"text":"experience","start":7117.831,"end":7118.585},{"text":"shows","start":7118.697,"end":7119.082},{"text":"that","start":7119.259,"end":7119.756},{"text":"where","start":7119.981,"end":7120.302},{"text":"mineral","start":7120.302,"end":7120.719},{"text":"wealth","start":7120.719,"end":7121.12},{"text":"intersects","start":7121.2,"end":7121.922},{"text":"with","start":7121.922,"end":7122.099},{"text":"weak","start":7122.163,"end":7122.403},{"text":"governance,","start":7122.403,"end":7122.981},{"text":"illicit","start":7124.232,"end":7124.81},{"text":"exploitation,","start":7124.81,"end":7125.596},{"text":"and","start":7126.238,"end":7126.414},{"text":"external","start":7126.495,"end":7127.056},{"text":"interference,","start":7127.056,"end":7127.81},{"text":"the","start":7128.324,"end":7128.42},{"text":"risks","start":7128.42,"end":7128.821},{"text":"of","start":7128.885,"end":7129.11},{"text":"instability","start":7129.062,"end":7129.836},{"text":"increase.","start":7130.594,"end":7131.24}]},{"text":"And historically, there has always been a contest for resources, and we know that when resources are scarce, there is a scramble for those resources.","start":7132.353,"end":7146.527,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7132.353,"end":7132.433},{"text":"historically,","start":7132.433,"end":7133.143},{"text":"there","start":7133.579,"end":7133.692},{"text":"has","start":7133.805,"end":7134.014},{"text":"always","start":7134.369,"end":7134.756},{"text":"been","start":7134.789,"end":7134.998},{"text":"a","start":7135.111,"end":7135.127},{"text":"contest","start":7135.192,"end":7135.87},{"text":"for","start":7135.902,"end":7136.112},{"text":"resources,","start":7136.241,"end":7137.338},{"text":"and","start":7138.725,"end":7138.79},{"text":"we","start":7138.79,"end":7138.902},{"text":"know","start":7138.902,"end":7139.144},{"text":"that","start":7139.144,"end":7139.757},{"text":"when","start":7140.756,"end":7140.966},{"text":"resources","start":7140.998,"end":7141.611},{"text":"are","start":7141.868,"end":7142.126},{"text":"scarce,","start":7142.126,"end":7142.626},{"text":"there","start":7143.094,"end":7143.335},{"text":"is","start":7143.335,"end":7143.464},{"text":"a","start":7143.561,"end":7143.577},{"text":"scramble","start":7143.658,"end":7144.238},{"text":"for","start":7145.092,"end":7145.334},{"text":"those","start":7145.334,"end":7145.721},{"text":"resources.","start":7145.915,"end":7146.527}]},{"text":"And in recent times, the growing demand for critical minerals driven by the energy transition Digital transformation and advanced manufacturing has created new geopolitical and geo-economic pressures, and if not managed responsibly, competition over strategic natural resources can create new risks and vulnerabilities for international peace and security.","start":7148.366,"end":7176.176,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7148.366,"end":7148.528},{"text":"in","start":7148.609,"end":7148.673},{"text":"recent","start":7148.851,"end":7149.207},{"text":"times,","start":7149.255,"end":7149.659},{"text":"the","start":7149.74,"end":7149.837},{"text":"growing","start":7149.901,"end":7150.128},{"text":"demand","start":7150.241,"end":7150.693},{"text":"for","start":7150.709,"end":7151.065},{"text":"critical","start":7151.194,"end":7151.695},{"text":"minerals","start":7151.695,"end":7152.18},{"text":"driven","start":7152.325,"end":7152.632},{"text":"by","start":7152.745,"end":7152.939},{"text":"the","start":7153.068,"end":7153.262},{"text":"energy","start":7153.472,"end":7153.925},{"text":"transition","start":7153.941,"end":7154.41},{"text":"Digital","start":7154.945,"end":7155.524},{"text":"transformation","start":7155.54,"end":7156.409},{"text":"and","start":7157.309,"end":7157.535},{"text":"advanced","start":7157.567,"end":7158.081},{"text":"manufacturing","start":7158.114,"end":7158.902},{"text":"has","start":7159.561,"end":7159.866},{"text":"created","start":7160.285,"end":7160.751},{"text":"new","start":7160.864,"end":7161.04},{"text":"geopolitical","start":7161.33,"end":7162.166},{"text":"and","start":7162.214,"end":7162.44},{"text":"geo-economic","start":7162.44,"end":7163.138},{"text":"pressures,","start":7163.138,"end":7163.577},{"text":"and","start":7164.813,"end":7165.284},{"text":"if","start":7165.544,"end":7165.723},{"text":"not","start":7165.723,"end":7166.064},{"text":"managed","start":7166.113,"end":7166.552},{"text":"responsibly,","start":7166.552,"end":7167.397},{"text":"competition","start":7167.88,"end":7168.591},{"text":"over","start":7169.124,"end":7169.367},{"text":"strategic","start":7169.755,"end":7170.418},{"text":"natural","start":7170.418,"end":7170.903},{"text":"resources","start":7170.903,"end":7171.437},{"text":"can","start":7171.55,"end":7171.76},{"text":"create","start":7171.857,"end":7172.423},{"text":"new","start":7172.423,"end":7172.617},{"text":"risks","start":7172.617,"end":7173.118},{"text":"and","start":7173.393,"end":7173.635},{"text":"vulnerabilities","start":7173.635,"end":7174.509},{"text":"for","start":7174.541,"end":7174.767},{"text":"international","start":7174.767,"end":7175.349},{"text":"peace","start":7175.349,"end":7175.576},{"text":"and","start":7175.576,"end":7175.673},{"text":"security.","start":7175.673,"end":7176.176}]},{"text":"And this, Madam President, also applies.","start":7177.782,"end":7179.794,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7177.782,"end":7177.896},{"text":"this,","start":7177.944,"end":7178.106},{"text":"Madam","start":7178.171,"end":7178.431},{"text":"President,","start":7178.431,"end":7178.917},{"text":"also","start":7178.982,"end":7179.323},{"text":"applies.","start":7179.323,"end":7179.794}]},{"text":"Equally to water, the most vital natural resource for humankind, shared water resources are essential for life, sustainable development, and regional stability.","start":7181.161,"end":7197.224,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Equally","start":7181.161,"end":7181.549},{"text":"to","start":7182,"end":7182.178},{"text":"water,","start":7182.371,"end":7182.758},{"text":"the","start":7183.678,"end":7184},{"text":"most","start":7184,"end":7184.484},{"text":"vital","start":7184.484,"end":7184.968},{"text":"natural","start":7185.21,"end":7185.775},{"text":"resource","start":7185.775,"end":7186.371},{"text":"for","start":7187.21,"end":7187.484},{"text":"humankind,","start":7187.533,"end":7188.275},{"text":"shared","start":7189.81,"end":7190.18},{"text":"water","start":7190.47,"end":7190.728},{"text":"resources","start":7190.728,"end":7191.341},{"text":"are","start":7191.518,"end":7191.615},{"text":"essential","start":7191.615,"end":7192.324},{"text":"for","start":7192.324,"end":7192.663},{"text":"life,","start":7192.663,"end":7192.969},{"text":"sustainable","start":7193.468,"end":7194.129},{"text":"development,","start":7194.194,"end":7194.935},{"text":"and","start":7195.467,"end":7195.854},{"text":"regional","start":7195.967,"end":7196.547},{"text":"stability.","start":7196.547,"end":7197.224}]},{"text":"Unfortunately, today we are faced with a very grave situation in our own region where our neighbors India has sought to weaponize water against Pakistan.","start":7198.91,"end":7210.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":7198.91,"end":7199.636},{"text":"today","start":7199.846,"end":7200.314},{"text":"we","start":7200.314,"end":7200.459},{"text":"are","start":7200.475,"end":7200.637},{"text":"faced","start":7200.637,"end":7201.089},{"text":"with","start":7201.121,"end":7201.315},{"text":"a","start":7201.347,"end":7201.525},{"text":"very","start":7201.912,"end":7202.17},{"text":"grave","start":7202.17,"end":7202.493},{"text":"situation","start":7202.493,"end":7203.187},{"text":"in","start":7203.462,"end":7203.559},{"text":"our","start":7203.607,"end":7203.865},{"text":"own","start":7203.882,"end":7203.995},{"text":"region","start":7204.027,"end":7204.882},{"text":"where","start":7204.995,"end":7205.173},{"text":"our","start":7205.464,"end":7205.56},{"text":"neighbors","start":7205.56,"end":7205.851},{"text":"India","start":7206.132,"end":7206.458},{"text":"has","start":7206.458,"end":7206.685},{"text":"sought","start":7206.718,"end":7207.108},{"text":"to","start":7207.108,"end":7207.238},{"text":"weaponize","start":7207.352,"end":7207.986},{"text":"water","start":7208.328,"end":7208.588},{"text":"against","start":7209.564,"end":7209.97},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":7209.97,"end":7210.67}]},{"text":"We are deeply concerned by these developments and reject India's unilateral and unlawful action to put the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance, which is a violation of international law and treaty's own provisions.","start":7212.39,"end":7231.287,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7212.39,"end":7212.486},{"text":"are","start":7212.502,"end":7212.583},{"text":"deeply","start":7212.583,"end":7212.954},{"text":"concerned","start":7212.986,"end":7213.679},{"text":"by","start":7214.114,"end":7214.356},{"text":"these","start":7215.806,"end":7216.016},{"text":"developments","start":7216.113,"end":7216.725},{"text":"and","start":7217.241,"end":7217.789},{"text":"reject","start":7217.886,"end":7218.385},{"text":"India's","start":7218.385,"end":7218.885},{"text":"unilateral","start":7218.933,"end":7219.675},{"text":"and","start":7219.675,"end":7219.804},{"text":"unlawful","start":7219.981,"end":7220.61},{"text":"action","start":7220.706,"end":7221.093},{"text":"to","start":7221.367,"end":7221.528},{"text":"put","start":7221.608,"end":7221.947},{"text":"the","start":7223.042,"end":7223.235},{"text":"Indus","start":7223.364,"end":7223.703},{"text":"Waters","start":7223.767,"end":7224.073},{"text":"Treaty","start":7224.25,"end":7224.556},{"text":"in","start":7225.459,"end":7225.523},{"text":"abeyance,","start":7225.7,"end":7226.232},{"text":"which","start":7227.311,"end":7227.489},{"text":"is","start":7227.489,"end":7227.633},{"text":"a","start":7227.633,"end":7227.65},{"text":"violation","start":7227.714,"end":7228.358},{"text":"of","start":7228.358,"end":7228.423},{"text":"international","start":7228.471,"end":7229.164},{"text":"law","start":7229.164,"end":7229.373},{"text":"and","start":7229.39,"end":7229.571},{"text":"treaty's","start":7229.571,"end":7230.182},{"text":"own","start":7230.743,"end":7230.957},{"text":"provisions.","start":7231.056,"end":7231.287}]},{"text":"The international community must urge India to return to full compliance with the treaty, which remains valid and in force as affirmed by the August 2025 award of the Court of Arbitration.","start":7232.319,"end":7247.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7232.319,"end":7232.415},{"text":"international","start":7232.415,"end":7233.025},{"text":"community","start":7233.057,"end":7233.507},{"text":"must","start":7233.539,"end":7233.94},{"text":"urge","start":7234.005,"end":7234.326},{"text":"India","start":7234.326,"end":7234.663},{"text":"to","start":7234.663,"end":7234.824},{"text":"return","start":7234.824,"end":7235.193},{"text":"to","start":7235.305,"end":7235.45},{"text":"full","start":7235.45,"end":7235.707},{"text":"compliance","start":7235.707,"end":7236.285},{"text":"with","start":7236.333,"end":7236.461},{"text":"the","start":7236.493,"end":7236.654},{"text":"treaty,","start":7236.654,"end":7236.991},{"text":"which","start":7238.356,"end":7238.565},{"text":"remains","start":7239.56,"end":7240.01},{"text":"valid","start":7240.427,"end":7240.813},{"text":"and","start":7241.15,"end":7241.391},{"text":"in","start":7241.391,"end":7241.535},{"text":"force","start":7241.551,"end":7242.033},{"text":"as","start":7242.113,"end":7242.338},{"text":"affirmed","start":7242.37,"end":7242.82},{"text":"by","start":7242.852,"end":7243.093},{"text":"the","start":7243.334,"end":7243.574},{"text":"August","start":7243.719,"end":7244.168},{"text":"2025","start":7244.201,"end":7245.437},{"text":"award","start":7245.501,"end":7246.063},{"text":"of","start":7246.127,"end":7246.288},{"text":"the","start":7246.288,"end":7246.384},{"text":"Court","start":7246.384,"end":7246.882},{"text":"of","start":7246.93,"end":7247.01},{"text":"Arbitration.","start":7247.251,"end":7247.91}]},{"text":"Madam President, Pakistan believes that the governance of natural resources must remain firmly anchored in the UN Charter and international law.","start":7249.355,"end":7256.644,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7249.355,"end":7249.58},{"text":"President,","start":7249.58,"end":7249.981},{"text":"Pakistan","start":7249.997,"end":7250.366},{"text":"believes","start":7250.479,"end":7250.768},{"text":"that","start":7250.864,"end":7251.009},{"text":"the","start":7251.025,"end":7251.121},{"text":"governance","start":7251.121,"end":7251.763},{"text":"of","start":7251.763,"end":7251.892},{"text":"natural","start":7251.988,"end":7252.373},{"text":"resources","start":7252.405,"end":7252.935},{"text":"must","start":7253.112,"end":7253.433},{"text":"remain","start":7253.433,"end":7253.738},{"text":"firmly","start":7253.77,"end":7254.22},{"text":"anchored","start":7254.316,"end":7254.669},{"text":"in","start":7254.718,"end":7254.782},{"text":"the","start":7254.814,"end":7254.958},{"text":"UN","start":7254.958,"end":7255.167},{"text":"Charter","start":7255.215,"end":7255.617},{"text":"and","start":7255.777,"end":7255.842},{"text":"international","start":7255.922,"end":7256.564},{"text":"law.","start":7256.564,"end":7256.644}]},{"text":"We reaffirm the right of peoples to permanent sovereignty over their natural wealth and resources, as enshrined in General Assembly Resolution 1803.","start":7256.95,"end":7267.017,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7256.95,"end":7257.078},{"text":"reaffirm","start":7257.078,"end":7257.592},{"text":"the","start":7257.945,"end":7258.025},{"text":"right","start":7258.09,"end":7258.411},{"text":"of","start":7258.411,"end":7258.555},{"text":"peoples","start":7258.668,"end":7259.021},{"text":"to","start":7259.069,"end":7259.278},{"text":"permanent","start":7259.31,"end":7259.727},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7259.727,"end":7260.562},{"text":"over","start":7261.461,"end":7261.606},{"text":"their","start":7261.622,"end":7261.783},{"text":"natural","start":7261.799,"end":7262.248},{"text":"wealth","start":7262.28,"end":7262.569},{"text":"and","start":7262.617,"end":7262.746},{"text":"resources,","start":7262.746,"end":7263.292},{"text":"as","start":7263.629,"end":7263.774},{"text":"enshrined","start":7263.822,"end":7264.496},{"text":"in","start":7264.609,"end":7264.657},{"text":"General","start":7264.93,"end":7265.299},{"text":"Assembly","start":7265.299,"end":7265.652},{"text":"Resolution","start":7265.652,"end":7266.021},{"text":"1803.","start":7266.021,"end":7267.017}]},{"text":"International cooperation should strengthen national capacities while fully respecting national ownership and development priorities.","start":7267.98,"end":7275.495,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":7267.98,"end":7268.607},{"text":"cooperation","start":7268.607,"end":7269.12},{"text":"should","start":7269.185,"end":7269.361},{"text":"strengthen","start":7269.361,"end":7269.875},{"text":"national","start":7269.987,"end":7270.437},{"text":"capacities","start":7270.469,"end":7271.16},{"text":"while","start":7271.513,"end":7271.834},{"text":"fully","start":7271.834,"end":7272.155},{"text":"respecting","start":7272.155,"end":7272.846},{"text":"national","start":7272.878,"end":7273.504},{"text":"ownership","start":7273.504,"end":7274.146},{"text":"and","start":7274.146,"end":7274.21},{"text":"development","start":7274.323,"end":7274.853},{"text":"priorities.","start":7274.885,"end":7275.495}]},{"text":"Any further normative approaches should complement existing international and regional mechanisms and emerge through an inclusive and member-state-driven process.","start":7276.49,"end":7287.377,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":7276.49,"end":7276.651},{"text":"further","start":7276.651,"end":7277.117},{"text":"normative","start":7277.293,"end":7277.919},{"text":"approaches","start":7278.096,"end":7278.706},{"text":"should","start":7278.963,"end":7279.268},{"text":"complement","start":7279.3,"end":7280.103},{"text":"existing","start":7280.103,"end":7280.617},{"text":"international","start":7280.729,"end":7281.404},{"text":"and","start":7281.612,"end":7281.693},{"text":"regional","start":7281.789,"end":7282.19},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7282.19,"end":7282.48},{"text":"and","start":7283.636,"end":7283.796},{"text":"emerge","start":7283.796,"end":7284.246},{"text":"through","start":7284.278,"end":7284.519},{"text":"an","start":7284.519,"end":7284.647},{"text":"inclusive","start":7284.743,"end":7285.466},{"text":"and","start":7285.466,"end":7285.53},{"text":"member-state-driven","start":7285.626,"end":7286.895},{"text":"process.","start":7287.007,"end":7287.377}]},{"text":"At the same time, the Security Council has an important role in situations where the illicit exploitation of natural resources fuels armed conflict and threatens international peace and security.","start":7288.533,"end":7300.382,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":7288.533,"end":7288.613},{"text":"the","start":7288.613,"end":7288.709},{"text":"same","start":7288.709,"end":7288.966},{"text":"time,","start":7289.014,"end":7289.4},{"text":"the","start":7289.416,"end":7289.496},{"text":"Security","start":7289.496,"end":7289.881},{"text":"Council","start":7289.897,"end":7290.299},{"text":"has","start":7290.299,"end":7290.427},{"text":"an","start":7290.475,"end":7290.604},{"text":"important","start":7290.604,"end":7291.102},{"text":"role","start":7291.102,"end":7291.551},{"text":"in","start":7291.744,"end":7291.84},{"text":"situations","start":7291.84,"end":7292.723},{"text":"where","start":7293.012,"end":7293.269},{"text":"the","start":7293.269,"end":7293.494},{"text":"illicit","start":7293.574,"end":7294.056},{"text":"exploitation","start":7294.056,"end":7294.762},{"text":"of","start":7294.875,"end":7294.971},{"text":"natural","start":7295.019,"end":7295.421},{"text":"resources","start":7295.421,"end":7295.967},{"text":"fuels","start":7296.143,"end":7296.561},{"text":"armed","start":7296.705,"end":7296.85},{"text":"conflict","start":7296.946,"end":7297.572},{"text":"and","start":7298.231,"end":7298.311},{"text":"threatens","start":7298.407,"end":7298.889},{"text":"international","start":7298.889,"end":7299.499},{"text":"peace","start":7299.531,"end":7299.756},{"text":"and","start":7299.756,"end":7299.852},{"text":"security.","start":7299.852,"end":7300.382}]},{"text":"Existing Council tools, including sanctions, sanctions regimes, and monitoring mechanisms, should be used effectively effectively and in accordance with their mandates to disrupt the financing of armed groups.","start":7300.816,"end":7314.029,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Existing","start":7300.816,"end":7301.265},{"text":"Council","start":7301.378,"end":7301.827},{"text":"tools,","start":7301.859,"end":7302.245},{"text":"including","start":7302.261,"end":7302.79},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7302.839,"end":7303.513},{"text":"sanctions","start":7304.91,"end":7305.359},{"text":"regimes,","start":7305.392,"end":7305.825},{"text":"and","start":7305.937,"end":7306.162},{"text":"monitoring","start":7306.178,"end":7306.644},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":7306.676,"end":7307.366},{"text":"should","start":7307.382,"end":7307.688},{"text":"be","start":7307.72,"end":7307.864},{"text":"used","start":7307.864,"end":7308.009},{"text":"effectively","start":7308.041,"end":7308.266},{"text":"effectively","start":7308.25,"end":7308.734},{"text":"and","start":7308.847,"end":7308.96},{"text":"in","start":7309.008,"end":7309.154},{"text":"accordance","start":7309.154,"end":7309.751},{"text":"with","start":7309.799,"end":7309.977},{"text":"their","start":7309.977,"end":7310.074},{"text":"mandates","start":7310.074,"end":7310.784},{"text":"to","start":7310.784,"end":7310.945},{"text":"disrupt","start":7310.945,"end":7311.64},{"text":"the","start":7311.833,"end":7312.092},{"text":"financing","start":7312.301,"end":7312.85},{"text":"of","start":7313.125,"end":7313.254},{"text":"armed","start":7313.431,"end":7313.657},{"text":"groups.","start":7313.69,"end":7314.029}]},{"text":"And President, the objective should not only be to secure supply chains, but ensuring that natural resources generate shared prosperity for the countries and communities that possess them.","start":7315.853,"end":7327.637,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7315.853,"end":7315.95},{"text":"President,","start":7315.95,"end":7316.418},{"text":"the","start":7316.434,"end":7316.579},{"text":"objective","start":7316.579,"end":7317.08},{"text":"should","start":7317.08,"end":7317.29},{"text":"not","start":7317.306,"end":7317.564},{"text":"only","start":7317.564,"end":7317.854},{"text":"be","start":7317.967,"end":7318.161},{"text":"to","start":7318.193,"end":7318.306},{"text":"secure","start":7318.306,"end":7319.016},{"text":"supply","start":7319.016,"end":7319.452},{"text":"chains,","start":7319.581,"end":7320.033},{"text":"but","start":7320.227,"end":7320.711},{"text":"ensuring","start":7320.711,"end":7321.244},{"text":"that","start":7321.357,"end":7321.599},{"text":"natural","start":7321.599,"end":7322.083},{"text":"resources","start":7322.083,"end":7322.696},{"text":"generate","start":7322.728,"end":7323.422},{"text":"shared","start":7323.519,"end":7323.907},{"text":"prosperity","start":7323.939,"end":7324.665},{"text":"for","start":7324.665,"end":7324.859},{"text":"the","start":7324.907,"end":7324.988},{"text":"countries","start":7324.988,"end":7325.44},{"text":"and","start":7325.617,"end":7325.698},{"text":"communities","start":7325.795,"end":7326.489},{"text":"that","start":7326.764,"end":7326.974},{"text":"possess","start":7327.071,"end":7327.443},{"text":"them.","start":7327.475,"end":7327.637}]},{"text":"Pakistan remains committed to advancing balanced, inclusive, and consensus-based based approaches that promote sustainable development, peace, and shared prosperity.","start":7328.946,"end":7339.605,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan","start":7328.946,"end":7329.318},{"text":"remains","start":7329.35,"end":7329.69},{"text":"committed","start":7329.754,"end":7330.207},{"text":"to","start":7331.193,"end":7331.306},{"text":"advancing","start":7331.306,"end":7331.969},{"text":"balanced,","start":7332.244,"end":7332.729},{"text":"inclusive,","start":7332.761,"end":7333.473},{"text":"and","start":7333.489,"end":7333.699},{"text":"consensus-based","start":7333.699,"end":7336.189},{"text":"based","start":7334.382,"end":7334.72},{"text":"approaches","start":7334.72,"end":7335.397},{"text":"that","start":7335.575,"end":7335.833},{"text":"promote","start":7335.833,"end":7336.252},{"text":"sustainable","start":7336.252,"end":7336.977},{"text":"development,","start":7337.284,"end":7338.009},{"text":"peace,","start":7338.09,"end":7338.412},{"text":"and","start":7338.557,"end":7338.734},{"text":"shared","start":7338.734,"end":7339.105},{"text":"prosperity.","start":7339.121,"end":7339.605}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":7340.15,"end":7343.431,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7340.15,"end":7340.166},{"text":"thank","start":7340.166,"end":7340.588},{"text":"you.","start":7342.603,"end":7343.431}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PAK","affiliation_full":"Pakistan","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":48,"start":7344.471,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7345","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Pakistan, and I give the floor to Latvia, now followed by Colombia and Bahrain.","start":7344.471,"end":7350.047,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7344.471,"end":7344.488},{"text":"thank","start":7344.488,"end":7344.796},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":7344.796,"end":7345.43},{"text":"and","start":7345.69,"end":7345.836},{"text":"I","start":7346.031,"end":7346.193},{"text":"give","start":7346.193,"end":7346.323},{"text":"the","start":7346.34,"end":7346.405},{"text":"floor","start":7346.421,"end":7346.681},{"text":"to","start":7346.681,"end":7346.778},{"text":"Latvia,","start":7346.908,"end":7347.347},{"text":"now","start":7347.782,"end":7347.963},{"text":"followed","start":7348.127,"end":7348.488},{"text":"by","start":7348.521,"end":7348.767},{"text":"Colombia","start":7348.767,"end":7349.391},{"text":"and","start":7349.407,"end":7349.473},{"text":"Bahrain.","start":7349.506,"end":7350.047}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":49,"start":7354.834,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7355","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Excellency.","start":7354.834,"end":7358.117,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7354.834,"end":7355.192},{"text":"you","start":7356.232,"end":7356.329},{"text":"very","start":7356.476,"end":7357.304},{"text":"much,","start":7357.304,"end":7357.499},{"text":"Excellency.","start":7357.613,"end":7358.117}]},{"text":"First of all, I wish to Welcome the choice of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to shed light on the relevant issue of natural resources and peace today at this meeting.","start":7358.182,"end":7368.842,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First","start":7358.182,"end":7358.507},{"text":"of","start":7358.507,"end":7358.653},{"text":"all,","start":7358.653,"end":7358.816},{"text":"I","start":7358.913,"end":7358.946},{"text":"wish","start":7358.978,"end":7359.173},{"text":"to","start":7359.222,"end":7359.498},{"text":"Welcome","start":7360.154,"end":7360.574},{"text":"the","start":7360.639,"end":7360.881},{"text":"choice","start":7360.881,"end":7361.155},{"text":"of","start":7361.285,"end":7361.414},{"text":"the","start":7361.43,"end":7361.527},{"text":"Democratic","start":7361.527,"end":7362.399},{"text":"Republic","start":7362.899,"end":7363.319},{"text":"of","start":7363.319,"end":7363.432},{"text":"the","start":7363.465,"end":7363.61},{"text":"Congo","start":7363.61,"end":7364.111},{"text":"to","start":7364.418,"end":7364.514},{"text":"shed","start":7364.514,"end":7364.837},{"text":"light","start":7364.837,"end":7365.16},{"text":"on","start":7365.16,"end":7365.29},{"text":"the","start":7365.322,"end":7365.483},{"text":"relevant","start":7365.548,"end":7365.887},{"text":"issue","start":7365.887,"end":7366.065},{"text":"of","start":7366.226,"end":7366.339},{"text":"natural","start":7366.372,"end":7366.662},{"text":"resources","start":7366.662,"end":7367.147},{"text":"and","start":7367.26,"end":7367.405},{"text":"peace","start":7367.405,"end":7367.664},{"text":"today","start":7367.664,"end":7367.987},{"text":"at","start":7368.293,"end":7368.342},{"text":"this","start":7368.374,"end":7368.536},{"text":"meeting.","start":7368.536,"end":7368.842}]},{"text":"I also wish to thank Her Excellency Thérèse Kayekwambe Wagner, State Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the DRC.","start":7370.408,"end":7379.872,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7370.408,"end":7370.456},{"text":"also","start":7370.488,"end":7370.666},{"text":"wish","start":7370.731,"end":7370.86},{"text":"to","start":7370.876,"end":7371.021},{"text":"thank","start":7371.037,"end":7371.473},{"text":"Her","start":7371.844,"end":7373.071},{"text":"Excellency","start":7373.071,"end":7373.732},{"text":"Thérèse","start":7374.362,"end":7374.733},{"text":"Kayekwambe","start":7375.169,"end":7375.895},{"text":"Wagner,","start":7375.895,"end":7376.347},{"text":"State","start":7376.379,"end":7376.734},{"text":"Minister,","start":7376.767,"end":7377.17},{"text":"Minister","start":7377.186,"end":7377.509},{"text":"of","start":7377.509,"end":7377.59},{"text":"Foreign","start":7377.59,"end":7377.8},{"text":"Affairs","start":7377.8,"end":7378.204},{"text":"of","start":7378.642,"end":7378.739},{"text":"the","start":7378.804,"end":7378.885},{"text":"DRC.","start":7379.289,"end":7379.872}]},{"text":"Thank you for honoring us this morning with your presence.","start":7380.326,"end":7383.597,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7380.326,"end":7380.731},{"text":"you","start":7380.731,"end":7380.828},{"text":"for","start":7380.828,"end":7381.184},{"text":"honoring","start":7381.864,"end":7382.091},{"text":"us","start":7382.204,"end":7382.366},{"text":"this","start":7382.366,"end":7382.496},{"text":"morning","start":7382.593,"end":7382.739},{"text":"with","start":7382.771,"end":7382.917},{"text":"your","start":7382.917,"end":7383.014},{"text":"presence.","start":7383.014,"end":7383.597}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you for your presentations.","start":7384.067,"end":7385.978,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7384.067,"end":7384.633},{"text":"you","start":7384.633,"end":7384.714},{"text":"for","start":7384.714,"end":7384.763},{"text":"your","start":7384.763,"end":7384.974},{"text":"presentations.","start":7385.119,"end":7385.978}]},{"text":"Indeed, instead of lifting communities up, in many parts of the world, abundance of natural resources is linked to conflict, human rights abuses, and environmental degradation.","start":7388.018,"end":7398.979,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":7388.018,"end":7388.451},{"text":"instead","start":7388.916,"end":7389.3},{"text":"of","start":7389.3,"end":7389.364},{"text":"lifting","start":7389.461,"end":7389.765},{"text":"communities","start":7389.781,"end":7390.326},{"text":"up,","start":7390.422,"end":7390.582},{"text":"in","start":7390.919,"end":7390.967},{"text":"many","start":7391.063,"end":7391.239},{"text":"parts","start":7391.303,"end":7391.624},{"text":"of","start":7391.624,"end":7391.72},{"text":"the","start":7391.72,"end":7391.752},{"text":"world,","start":7391.8,"end":7392.201},{"text":"abundance","start":7392.441,"end":7393.082},{"text":"of","start":7393.098,"end":7393.178},{"text":"natural","start":7393.226,"end":7393.611},{"text":"resources","start":7393.627,"end":7394.172},{"text":"is","start":7394.428,"end":7394.492},{"text":"linked","start":7394.589,"end":7395.005},{"text":"to","start":7395.165,"end":7395.294},{"text":"conflict,","start":7395.31,"end":7395.887},{"text":"human","start":7396.111,"end":7396.431},{"text":"rights","start":7396.431,"end":7396.672},{"text":"abuses,","start":7396.672,"end":7397.137},{"text":"and","start":7397.233,"end":7397.345},{"text":"environmental","start":7397.393,"end":7398.226},{"text":"degradation.","start":7398.354,"end":7398.979}]},{"text":"Over the years, various standards, due diligence guidance, certification mechanisms, and transparency initiatives have proliferated to reconcile the growing resource demand and commitments to to peace, sustainable development, and responsible business conduct.","start":7400.037,"end":7415.818,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":7400.037,"end":7400.213},{"text":"the","start":7400.213,"end":7400.358},{"text":"years,","start":7400.358,"end":7400.662},{"text":"various","start":7401.255,"end":7401.543},{"text":"standards,","start":7401.591,"end":7402.184},{"text":"due","start":7402.537,"end":7402.761},{"text":"diligence","start":7402.761,"end":7403.322},{"text":"guidance,","start":7403.322,"end":7403.707},{"text":"certification","start":7403.963,"end":7404.716},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":7404.716,"end":7405.357},{"text":"and","start":7405.485,"end":7405.566},{"text":"transparency","start":7405.582,"end":7406.255},{"text":"initiatives","start":7406.287,"end":7406.832},{"text":"have","start":7406.944,"end":7407.104},{"text":"proliferated","start":7407.104,"end":7407.953},{"text":"to","start":7408.706,"end":7408.755},{"text":"reconcile","start":7408.787,"end":7409.347},{"text":"the","start":7409.347,"end":7409.428},{"text":"growing","start":7409.428,"end":7409.716},{"text":"resource","start":7409.828,"end":7410.213},{"text":"demand","start":7410.213,"end":7410.742},{"text":"and","start":7411.335,"end":7411.399},{"text":"commitments","start":7411.431,"end":7411.911},{"text":"to","start":7411.911,"end":7412.104},{"text":"to","start":7411.976,"end":7412.008},{"text":"peace,","start":7412.072,"end":7412.426},{"text":"sustainable","start":7412.57,"end":7413.262},{"text":"development,","start":7413.262,"end":7414.001},{"text":"and","start":7414.146,"end":7414.226},{"text":"responsible","start":7414.226,"end":7414.789},{"text":"business","start":7414.805,"end":7415.207},{"text":"conduct.","start":7415.207,"end":7415.818}]},{"text":"This fragmentation is reflective of the wide spectrum of challenges, the actors involved— state authorities, private sector, civil society— and the properties of the natural resources themselves.","start":7416.895,"end":7429.318,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7416.895,"end":7417.12},{"text":"fragmentation","start":7417.12,"end":7417.827},{"text":"is","start":7418.261,"end":7418.309},{"text":"reflective","start":7418.406,"end":7419.033},{"text":"of","start":7419.129,"end":7419.242},{"text":"the","start":7419.242,"end":7419.37},{"text":"wide","start":7419.386,"end":7419.788},{"text":"spectrum","start":7419.869,"end":7420.319},{"text":"of","start":7420.367,"end":7420.48},{"text":"challenges,","start":7420.48,"end":7421.047},{"text":"the","start":7421.55,"end":7421.631},{"text":"actors","start":7421.712,"end":7422.02},{"text":"involved—","start":7422.118,"end":7422.555},{"text":"state","start":7422.766,"end":7423.123},{"text":"authorities,","start":7423.123,"end":7423.723},{"text":"private","start":7424.323,"end":7424.583},{"text":"sector,","start":7424.583,"end":7425.118},{"text":"civil","start":7425.312,"end":7425.702},{"text":"society—","start":7425.702,"end":7426.399},{"text":"and","start":7427.064,"end":7427.161},{"text":"the","start":7427.161,"end":7427.242},{"text":"properties","start":7427.242,"end":7427.745},{"text":"of","start":7427.745,"end":7427.859},{"text":"the","start":7427.875,"end":7427.907},{"text":"natural","start":7427.907,"end":7428.264},{"text":"resources","start":7428.297,"end":7428.832},{"text":"themselves.","start":7428.848,"end":7429.318}]},{"text":"And to address this, we should promote coherence, harmonization, and interoperability.","start":7430.212,"end":7435.357,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7430.212,"end":7430.277},{"text":"to","start":7430.374,"end":7430.454},{"text":"address","start":7430.454,"end":7430.858},{"text":"this,","start":7430.858,"end":7431.067},{"text":"we","start":7431.503,"end":7431.599},{"text":"should","start":7431.599,"end":7431.825},{"text":"promote","start":7431.825,"end":7432.309},{"text":"coherence,","start":7432.39,"end":7432.97},{"text":"harmonization,","start":7433.18,"end":7433.873},{"text":"and","start":7434.067,"end":7434.148},{"text":"interoperability.","start":7434.244,"end":7435.357}]},{"text":"So, Madam President, allow me to make 3 points on the question of the normative gaps.","start":7436.841,"end":7441.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":7436.841,"end":7436.922},{"text":"Madam","start":7436.97,"end":7437.18},{"text":"President,","start":7437.228,"end":7437.647},{"text":"allow","start":7437.732,"end":7437.927},{"text":"me","start":7437.992,"end":7438.251},{"text":"to","start":7438.706,"end":7438.916},{"text":"make","start":7439.111,"end":7439.371},{"text":"3","start":7439.371,"end":7439.598},{"text":"points","start":7439.679,"end":7440.004},{"text":"on","start":7440.069,"end":7440.101},{"text":"the","start":7440.101,"end":7440.247},{"text":"question","start":7440.247,"end":7440.62},{"text":"of","start":7440.734,"end":7440.815},{"text":"the","start":7440.815,"end":7440.896},{"text":"normative","start":7440.896,"end":7441.35},{"text":"gaps.","start":7441.383,"end":7441.87}]},{"text":"First, the Security Council on many occasions has recognized the link between natural resources and conflict and has taken steps to address it.","start":7443.957,"end":7452.367,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7443.957,"end":7444.053},{"text":"the","start":7444.117,"end":7444.15},{"text":"Security","start":7444.15,"end":7444.616},{"text":"Council","start":7444.616,"end":7445.082},{"text":"on","start":7445.339,"end":7445.404},{"text":"many","start":7445.42,"end":7445.661},{"text":"occasions","start":7445.661,"end":7446.352},{"text":"has","start":7446.609,"end":7446.754},{"text":"recognized","start":7446.867,"end":7447.477},{"text":"the","start":7447.574,"end":7447.67},{"text":"link","start":7447.67,"end":7448.008},{"text":"between","start":7448.153,"end":7448.426},{"text":"natural","start":7448.474,"end":7448.876},{"text":"resources","start":7448.876,"end":7449.374},{"text":"and","start":7449.423,"end":7449.487},{"text":"conflict","start":7449.583,"end":7450.13},{"text":"and","start":7450.644,"end":7450.709},{"text":"has","start":7450.725,"end":7450.934},{"text":"taken","start":7451.046,"end":7451.304},{"text":"steps","start":7451.352,"end":7451.689},{"text":"to","start":7451.689,"end":7451.77},{"text":"address","start":7451.77,"end":7452.043},{"text":"it.","start":7452.237,"end":7452.367}]},{"text":"For instance, by imposing targeted sanctions, including embargoes, and by mandating the development of recommendations for due diligence.","start":7453.389,"end":7461.102,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":7453.389,"end":7453.552},{"text":"instance,","start":7453.552,"end":7453.958},{"text":"by","start":7454.039,"end":7454.201},{"text":"imposing","start":7454.201,"end":7454.656},{"text":"targeted","start":7454.915,"end":7455.305},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7455.337,"end":7455.841},{"text":"including","start":7456.068,"end":7456.49},{"text":"embargoes,","start":7456.49,"end":7457.091},{"text":"and","start":7457.691,"end":7457.772},{"text":"by","start":7457.853,"end":7457.935},{"text":"mandating","start":7457.935,"end":7458.551},{"text":"the","start":7458.665,"end":7458.746},{"text":"development","start":7458.746,"end":7459.331},{"text":"of","start":7459.331,"end":7459.477},{"text":"recommendations","start":7459.477,"end":7460.175},{"text":"for","start":7460.207,"end":7460.37},{"text":"due","start":7460.37,"end":7460.5},{"text":"diligence.","start":7460.5,"end":7461.102}]},{"text":"Diamond and timber embargo in Liberia in the early 2000s is often cited as a positive example.","start":7462.648,"end":7468.366,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Diamond","start":7462.648,"end":7463.055},{"text":"and","start":7463.055,"end":7463.202},{"text":"timber","start":7463.202,"end":7463.511},{"text":"embargo","start":7463.544,"end":7464},{"text":"in","start":7464.222,"end":7464.271},{"text":"Liberia","start":7464.304,"end":7464.924},{"text":"in","start":7464.956,"end":7465.038},{"text":"the","start":7465.038,"end":7465.103},{"text":"early","start":7465.185,"end":7465.413},{"text":"2000s","start":7465.446,"end":7466.147},{"text":"is","start":7466.424,"end":7466.571},{"text":"often","start":7466.571,"end":7466.783},{"text":"cited","start":7466.832,"end":7467.289},{"text":"as","start":7467.566,"end":7467.615},{"text":"a","start":7467.664,"end":7467.729},{"text":"positive","start":7467.729,"end":7468.202},{"text":"example.","start":7468.202,"end":7468.366}]},{"text":"It facilitated return to stability and shored up governance of natural resources in Liberia, including through the Kimberley Process.","start":7470.77,"end":7477.408,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7470.77,"end":7470.802},{"text":"facilitated","start":7470.802,"end":7471.595},{"text":"return","start":7471.595,"end":7471.935},{"text":"to","start":7471.935,"end":7472},{"text":"stability","start":7472,"end":7472.631},{"text":"and","start":7472.664,"end":7472.777},{"text":"shored","start":7472.809,"end":7473.133},{"text":"up","start":7473.133,"end":7473.214},{"text":"governance","start":7473.295,"end":7473.732},{"text":"of","start":7473.732,"end":7473.846},{"text":"natural","start":7473.878,"end":7474.186},{"text":"resources","start":7474.186,"end":7474.655},{"text":"in","start":7474.688,"end":7474.752},{"text":"Liberia,","start":7474.769,"end":7475.4},{"text":"including","start":7475.821,"end":7476.274},{"text":"through","start":7476.307,"end":7476.452},{"text":"the","start":7476.452,"end":7476.549},{"text":"Kimberley","start":7476.549,"end":7476.922},{"text":"Process.","start":7476.954,"end":7477.408}]},{"text":"In the past, the Council has also requested a group of experts on DRC to develop recommendations on guidelines for due diligence for importers, processing industries, and consumers.","start":7478.962,"end":7489.575,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7478.962,"end":7479.011},{"text":"the","start":7479.043,"end":7479.123},{"text":"past,","start":7479.123,"end":7479.687},{"text":"the","start":7479.848,"end":7479.993},{"text":"Council","start":7479.993,"end":7480.315},{"text":"has","start":7480.315,"end":7480.46},{"text":"also","start":7480.557,"end":7480.798},{"text":"requested","start":7480.798,"end":7481.394},{"text":"a","start":7481.394,"end":7481.571},{"text":"group","start":7481.861,"end":7482.103},{"text":"of","start":7482.103,"end":7482.248},{"text":"experts","start":7482.248,"end":7482.699},{"text":"on","start":7483.214,"end":7483.279},{"text":"DRC","start":7483.311,"end":7483.907},{"text":"to","start":7483.939,"end":7484.1},{"text":"develop","start":7484.1,"end":7484.454},{"text":"recommendations","start":7484.503,"end":7485.211},{"text":"on","start":7485.405,"end":7485.453},{"text":"guidelines","start":7485.55,"end":7486.017},{"text":"for","start":7486.033,"end":7486.194},{"text":"due","start":7486.194,"end":7486.339},{"text":"diligence","start":7486.355,"end":7486.854},{"text":"for","start":7486.854,"end":7486.999},{"text":"importers,","start":7487.015,"end":7487.547},{"text":"processing","start":7488.13,"end":7488.556},{"text":"industries,","start":7488.639,"end":7489.197},{"text":"and","start":7489.312,"end":7489.378},{"text":"consumers.","start":7489.394,"end":7489.575}]},{"text":"Consumers of Congolese mineral products.","start":7489.72,"end":7491.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Consumers","start":7489.72,"end":7489.962},{"text":"of","start":7490.139,"end":7490.22},{"text":"Congolese","start":7490.236,"end":7490.688},{"text":"mineral","start":7490.785,"end":7491.124},{"text":"products.","start":7491.124,"end":7491.64}]},{"text":"This exemplifies that the Council can help establish and promote not mere restrictions but also soft norms.","start":7492.722,"end":7499.486,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7492.722,"end":7492.964},{"text":"exemplifies","start":7492.964,"end":7493.755},{"text":"that","start":7494.029,"end":7494.175},{"text":"the","start":7494.175,"end":7494.271},{"text":"Council","start":7494.271,"end":7494.659},{"text":"can","start":7494.659,"end":7494.982},{"text":"help","start":7494.998,"end":7495.337},{"text":"establish","start":7495.337,"end":7495.982},{"text":"and","start":7496.354,"end":7496.451},{"text":"promote","start":7496.451,"end":7496.854},{"text":"not","start":7496.854,"end":7497.032},{"text":"mere","start":7497.096,"end":7497.258},{"text":"restrictions","start":7497.258,"end":7498},{"text":"but","start":7498.468,"end":7498.63},{"text":"also","start":7498.63,"end":7498.823},{"text":"soft","start":7498.84,"end":7499.179},{"text":"norms.","start":7499.179,"end":7499.486}]},{"text":"The Council should continue to deploy these tools and practices when necessary and appropriate, remaining mindful that success is highly dependent on their design, adaptability, and enforcement.","start":7500.796,"end":7512.537,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7500.796,"end":7500.893},{"text":"Council","start":7500.893,"end":7501.265},{"text":"should","start":7501.298,"end":7501.524},{"text":"continue","start":7501.524,"end":7502.025},{"text":"to","start":7502.349,"end":7502.494},{"text":"deploy","start":7502.494,"end":7502.786},{"text":"these","start":7502.834,"end":7503.044},{"text":"tools","start":7503.077,"end":7503.335},{"text":"and","start":7503.384,"end":7503.449},{"text":"practices","start":7503.481,"end":7504.096},{"text":"when","start":7504.451,"end":7504.581},{"text":"necessary","start":7504.694,"end":7505.163},{"text":"and","start":7505.163,"end":7505.341},{"text":"appropriate,","start":7505.341,"end":7505.988},{"text":"remaining","start":7506.004,"end":7507.087},{"text":"mindful","start":7507.12,"end":7507.556},{"text":"that","start":7507.605,"end":7507.783},{"text":"success","start":7507.783,"end":7508.43},{"text":"is","start":7508.43,"end":7508.543},{"text":"highly","start":7508.559,"end":7508.882},{"text":"dependent","start":7508.882,"end":7509.545},{"text":"on","start":7509.61,"end":7509.659},{"text":"their","start":7509.707,"end":7509.869},{"text":"design,","start":7509.869,"end":7510.305},{"text":"adaptability,","start":7510.677,"end":7511.486},{"text":"and","start":7511.567,"end":7511.631},{"text":"enforcement.","start":7511.728,"end":7512.537}]},{"text":"This brings me to my second point, Effective measures by the Security Council require mechanisms to monitor their implementation, analyze developments, and recommend adjustments.","start":7514.316,"end":7524.367,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7514.316,"end":7514.542},{"text":"brings","start":7514.542,"end":7514.768},{"text":"me","start":7514.785,"end":7514.882},{"text":"to","start":7514.882,"end":7514.962},{"text":"my","start":7514.962,"end":7515.06},{"text":"second","start":7515.06,"end":7515.464},{"text":"point,","start":7515.512,"end":7515.787},{"text":"Effective","start":7516.219,"end":7516.669},{"text":"measures","start":7516.669,"end":7517.055},{"text":"by","start":7517.472,"end":7517.569},{"text":"the","start":7517.569,"end":7517.665},{"text":"Security","start":7517.665,"end":7518.099},{"text":"Council","start":7518.115,"end":7518.533},{"text":"require","start":7518.533,"end":7518.871},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7518.871,"end":7519.546},{"text":"to","start":7519.642,"end":7519.722},{"text":"monitor","start":7519.722,"end":7520.221},{"text":"their","start":7520.221,"end":7520.285},{"text":"implementation,","start":7520.285,"end":7521.072},{"text":"analyze","start":7521.812,"end":7522.197},{"text":"developments,","start":7522.229,"end":7522.84},{"text":"and","start":7522.856,"end":7522.921},{"text":"recommend","start":7522.937,"end":7523.515},{"text":"adjustments.","start":7523.756,"end":7524.367}]},{"text":"In the case of targeted sanctions, the role of expert groups is indispensable.","start":7526.37,"end":7529.974,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7526.37,"end":7526.402},{"text":"the","start":7526.402,"end":7526.484},{"text":"case","start":7526.484,"end":7526.745},{"text":"of","start":7526.745,"end":7526.875},{"text":"targeted","start":7526.875,"end":7527.185},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7527.299,"end":7527.838},{"text":"the","start":7527.952,"end":7528.033},{"text":"role","start":7528.033,"end":7528.229},{"text":"of","start":7528.278,"end":7528.441},{"text":"expert","start":7528.441,"end":7528.849},{"text":"groups","start":7528.849,"end":7529.191},{"text":"is","start":7529.191,"end":7529.306},{"text":"indispensable.","start":7529.338,"end":7529.974}]},{"text":"Experts are the Council's eyes and ears on the ground and should receive the necessary support, most importantly from the respective sanctions committees.","start":7531.29,"end":7539.457,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Experts","start":7531.29,"end":7531.79},{"text":"are","start":7531.886,"end":7531.967},{"text":"the","start":7531.967,"end":7532.048},{"text":"Council's","start":7532.048,"end":7532.596},{"text":"eyes","start":7532.596,"end":7532.822},{"text":"and","start":7533.016,"end":7533.08},{"text":"ears","start":7533.242,"end":7533.468},{"text":"on","start":7533.581,"end":7533.629},{"text":"the","start":7533.661,"end":7533.807},{"text":"ground","start":7533.807,"end":7534.178},{"text":"and","start":7534.371,"end":7534.452},{"text":"should","start":7534.452,"end":7534.694},{"text":"receive","start":7534.694,"end":7535},{"text":"the","start":7535.033,"end":7535.113},{"text":"necessary","start":7535.113,"end":7535.565},{"text":"support,","start":7535.614,"end":7536.243},{"text":"most","start":7536.63,"end":7536.888},{"text":"importantly","start":7536.888,"end":7537.582},{"text":"from","start":7537.76,"end":7537.84},{"text":"the","start":7537.937,"end":7538.002},{"text":"respective","start":7538.002,"end":7538.453},{"text":"sanctions","start":7538.47,"end":7538.881},{"text":"committees.","start":7538.914,"end":7539.457}]},{"text":"Currently, that support is curtailed by prolonged stalemate on the allocation of subsidiary bodies chairs due to objections by one Council member.","start":7540.89,"end":7550.043,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Currently,","start":7540.89,"end":7541.302},{"text":"that","start":7541.384,"end":7541.614},{"text":"support","start":7541.614,"end":7542.207},{"text":"is","start":7542.182,"end":7542.311},{"text":"curtailed","start":7542.327,"end":7543.002},{"text":"by","start":7543.532,"end":7543.629},{"text":"prolonged","start":7543.629,"end":7544.047},{"text":"stalemate","start":7544.047,"end":7544.754},{"text":"on","start":7544.754,"end":7544.899},{"text":"the","start":7544.899,"end":7545.14},{"text":"allocation","start":7545.236,"end":7545.686},{"text":"of","start":7545.735,"end":7545.815},{"text":"subsidiary","start":7545.815,"end":7546.329},{"text":"bodies","start":7546.361,"end":7546.731},{"text":"chairs","start":7547.487,"end":7547.776},{"text":"due","start":7548.065,"end":7548.274},{"text":"to","start":7548.274,"end":7548.339},{"text":"objections","start":7548.355,"end":7548.869},{"text":"by","start":7548.917,"end":7549.014},{"text":"one","start":7549.014,"end":7549.142},{"text":"Council","start":7549.239,"end":7549.657},{"text":"member.","start":7549.657,"end":7550.043}]},{"text":"So action on expert recommendations is delayed and field missions don't take place.","start":7551.95,"end":7555.566,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":7551.95,"end":7552.03},{"text":"action","start":7552.062,"end":7552.383},{"text":"on","start":7552.383,"end":7552.432},{"text":"expert","start":7552.48,"end":7552.866},{"text":"recommendations","start":7552.866,"end":7553.476},{"text":"is","start":7553.525,"end":7553.637},{"text":"delayed","start":7553.669,"end":7554.152},{"text":"and","start":7554.152,"end":7554.296},{"text":"field","start":7554.296,"end":7554.537},{"text":"missions","start":7554.537,"end":7554.843},{"text":"don't","start":7554.875,"end":7555.1},{"text":"take","start":7555.1,"end":7555.341},{"text":"place.","start":7555.341,"end":7555.566}]},{"text":"Engagement with neighboring and interested countries is limited and new initiatives cannot gain ground.","start":7556.161,"end":7561.274,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Engagement","start":7556.161,"end":7556.723},{"text":"with","start":7556.723,"end":7556.9},{"text":"neighboring","start":7556.9,"end":7557.334},{"text":"and","start":7557.382,"end":7557.527},{"text":"interested","start":7557.527,"end":7558.009},{"text":"countries","start":7558.009,"end":7558.379},{"text":"is","start":7558.475,"end":7558.54},{"text":"limited","start":7558.636,"end":7559.086},{"text":"and","start":7559.617,"end":7559.681},{"text":"new","start":7559.761,"end":7559.809},{"text":"initiatives","start":7559.858,"end":7560.468},{"text":"cannot","start":7560.501,"end":7560.742},{"text":"gain","start":7560.742,"end":7560.952},{"text":"ground.","start":7560.984,"end":7561.274}]},{"text":"This means that in sanctions regimes where illicit exploitation and trade of natural resources is a serious matter, of concern, work is paralyzed.","start":7562.259,"end":7570.076,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7562.259,"end":7562.324},{"text":"means","start":7562.42,"end":7562.646},{"text":"that","start":7562.743,"end":7562.905},{"text":"in","start":7562.905,"end":7562.953},{"text":"sanctions","start":7563.002,"end":7563.421},{"text":"regimes","start":7563.47,"end":7563.857},{"text":"where","start":7563.889,"end":7564.131},{"text":"illicit","start":7564.131,"end":7564.696},{"text":"exploitation","start":7564.696,"end":7565.358},{"text":"and","start":7565.358,"end":7565.471},{"text":"trade","start":7565.503,"end":7565.762},{"text":"of","start":7565.762,"end":7565.842},{"text":"natural","start":7565.891,"end":7566.246},{"text":"resources","start":7566.246,"end":7566.795},{"text":"is","start":7566.795,"end":7566.94},{"text":"a","start":7566.94,"end":7566.972},{"text":"serious","start":7566.972,"end":7567.424},{"text":"matter,","start":7567.424,"end":7567.537},{"text":"of","start":7567.632,"end":7567.761},{"text":"concern,","start":7567.794,"end":7568.36},{"text":"work","start":7569.008,"end":7569.251},{"text":"is","start":7569.251,"end":7569.299},{"text":"paralyzed.","start":7569.413,"end":7570.076}]},{"text":"So on our part, we're not averse to the idea of new instruments.","start":7570.886,"end":7573.525,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":7570.886,"end":7570.983},{"text":"on","start":7571.015,"end":7571.161},{"text":"our","start":7571.177,"end":7571.355},{"text":"part,","start":7571.355,"end":7571.614},{"text":"we're","start":7571.663,"end":7571.776},{"text":"not","start":7571.776,"end":7571.938},{"text":"averse","start":7572.003,"end":7572.327},{"text":"to","start":7572.327,"end":7572.408},{"text":"the","start":7572.408,"end":7572.57},{"text":"idea","start":7572.57,"end":7572.893},{"text":"of","start":7572.893,"end":7573.023},{"text":"new","start":7573.039,"end":7573.217},{"text":"instruments.","start":7573.217,"end":7573.525}]},{"text":"We believe that priority should be given to making sure that the existing tools are in working order and can be fully utilized.","start":7574.22,"end":7580.925,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7574.22,"end":7574.252},{"text":"believe","start":7574.252,"end":7574.542},{"text":"that","start":7574.558,"end":7574.719},{"text":"priority","start":7574.719,"end":7575.299},{"text":"should","start":7575.299,"end":7575.477},{"text":"be","start":7575.541,"end":7575.686},{"text":"given","start":7575.686,"end":7575.96},{"text":"to","start":7576.025,"end":7576.17},{"text":"making","start":7576.17,"end":7576.476},{"text":"sure","start":7576.508,"end":7576.702},{"text":"that","start":7576.895,"end":7577.056},{"text":"the","start":7577.056,"end":7577.137},{"text":"existing","start":7577.137,"end":7577.605},{"text":"tools","start":7577.701,"end":7577.927},{"text":"are","start":7578.185,"end":7578.282},{"text":"in","start":7578.282,"end":7578.41},{"text":"working","start":7578.427,"end":7578.749},{"text":"order","start":7578.846,"end":7579.265},{"text":"and","start":7579.41,"end":7579.474},{"text":"can","start":7579.49,"end":7579.619},{"text":"be","start":7579.732,"end":7579.893},{"text":"fully","start":7579.893,"end":7580.264},{"text":"utilized.","start":7580.28,"end":7580.925}]},{"text":"Madam President, in my third and final point, I want to come back to responsible management of natural resources and supply chains.","start":7582.76,"end":7589.192,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7582.76,"end":7582.872},{"text":"President,","start":7582.872,"end":7583.499},{"text":"in","start":7583.515,"end":7583.612},{"text":"my","start":7583.676,"end":7583.757},{"text":"third","start":7583.757,"end":7584.062},{"text":"and","start":7584.062,"end":7584.159},{"text":"final","start":7584.159,"end":7584.496},{"text":"point,","start":7584.561,"end":7584.898},{"text":"I","start":7585.349,"end":7585.397},{"text":"want","start":7585.429,"end":7585.525},{"text":"to","start":7585.525,"end":7585.654},{"text":"come","start":7585.67,"end":7585.831},{"text":"back","start":7585.847,"end":7586.088},{"text":"to","start":7586.088,"end":7586.185},{"text":"responsible","start":7586.185,"end":7586.78},{"text":"management","start":7586.78,"end":7587.311},{"text":"of","start":7587.311,"end":7587.423},{"text":"natural","start":7587.455,"end":7587.745},{"text":"resources","start":7587.777,"end":7588.308},{"text":"and","start":7588.34,"end":7588.42},{"text":"supply","start":7588.42,"end":7588.822},{"text":"chains.","start":7588.822,"end":7589.192}]},{"text":"In the context of a growing global competition, The Secretary-General's Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals identified 7 voluntary guiding principles, building on existing norms, commitments, and legal obligations.","start":7590.511,"end":7603.429,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7590.511,"end":7590.559},{"text":"the","start":7590.655,"end":7590.704},{"text":"context","start":7590.752,"end":7591.17},{"text":"of","start":7591.218,"end":7591.315},{"text":"a","start":7591.315,"end":7591.331},{"text":"growing","start":7591.395,"end":7591.685},{"text":"global","start":7591.717,"end":7592.006},{"text":"competition,","start":7592.038,"end":7592.505},{"text":"The","start":7593.13,"end":7593.162},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":7593.162,"end":7594.126},{"text":"Panel","start":7594.126,"end":7594.399},{"text":"on","start":7594.527,"end":7594.576},{"text":"Critical","start":7594.672,"end":7595.074},{"text":"Energy","start":7595.074,"end":7595.331},{"text":"Transition","start":7595.395,"end":7596.166},{"text":"Minerals","start":7596.279,"end":7596.664},{"text":"identified","start":7597.002,"end":7597.58},{"text":"7","start":7597.58,"end":7597.87},{"text":"voluntary","start":7597.982,"end":7598.544},{"text":"guiding","start":7598.544,"end":7598.914},{"text":"principles,","start":7599.01,"end":7599.557},{"text":"building","start":7600.376,"end":7600.601},{"text":"on","start":7600.649,"end":7600.778},{"text":"existing","start":7600.778,"end":7601.179},{"text":"norms,","start":7601.276,"end":7601.645},{"text":"commitments,","start":7601.822,"end":7602.401},{"text":"and","start":7602.481,"end":7602.561},{"text":"legal","start":7602.628,"end":7602.864},{"text":"obligations.","start":7602.919,"end":7603.429}]},{"text":"These include placing human rights at the core, safeguarding environment, benefit sharing, transparency, accountability, and anti-corruption measures to ensure good governance.","start":7604.643,"end":7615.544,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7604.643,"end":7604.788},{"text":"include","start":7604.869,"end":7605.192},{"text":"placing","start":7605.289,"end":7605.613},{"text":"human","start":7605.613,"end":7605.936},{"text":"rights","start":7605.936,"end":7606.211},{"text":"at","start":7606.259,"end":7606.324},{"text":"the","start":7606.324,"end":7606.486},{"text":"core,","start":7606.486,"end":7606.761},{"text":"safeguarding","start":7607.165,"end":7607.763},{"text":"environment,","start":7607.812,"end":7608.491},{"text":"benefit","start":7609.008,"end":7609.412},{"text":"sharing,","start":7609.412,"end":7609.784},{"text":"transparency,","start":7610.382,"end":7611.239},{"text":"accountability,","start":7611.579,"end":7612.452},{"text":"and","start":7612.953,"end":7613.018},{"text":"anti-corruption","start":7613.115,"end":7613.745},{"text":"measures","start":7613.842,"end":7614.15},{"text":"to","start":7614.269,"end":7614.354},{"text":"ensure","start":7614.354,"end":7614.762},{"text":"good","start":7614.762,"end":7614.915},{"text":"governance.","start":7614.949,"end":7615.544}]},{"text":"Indeed, whether standards, guidance, and principles that already exist, focus should be on implementation and enforcement, requiring reinvigorated political commitment and will, as well as multi-stakeholder and international cooperation.","start":7617.123,"end":7631.418,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":7617.123,"end":7617.258},{"text":"whether","start":7617.275,"end":7617.477},{"text":"standards,","start":7617.477,"end":7618.102},{"text":"guidance,","start":7618.625,"end":7618.979},{"text":"and","start":7619.162,"end":7619.226},{"text":"principles","start":7619.307,"end":7619.772},{"text":"that","start":7619.869,"end":7619.981},{"text":"already","start":7620.029,"end":7620.335},{"text":"exist,","start":7620.431,"end":7621.025},{"text":"focus","start":7621.234,"end":7621.571},{"text":"should","start":7621.571,"end":7621.877},{"text":"be","start":7621.877,"end":7622.037},{"text":"on","start":7622.198,"end":7622.278},{"text":"implementation","start":7622.278,"end":7623.065},{"text":"and","start":7623.322,"end":7623.499},{"text":"enforcement,","start":7623.499,"end":7624.302},{"text":"requiring","start":7624.623,"end":7625.153},{"text":"reinvigorated","start":7625.41,"end":7626.278},{"text":"political","start":7626.31,"end":7626.776},{"text":"commitment","start":7626.776,"end":7627.338},{"text":"and","start":7627.338,"end":7627.482},{"text":"will,","start":7627.498,"end":7627.627},{"text":"as","start":7628.543,"end":7628.607},{"text":"well","start":7628.703,"end":7628.816},{"text":"as","start":7628.816,"end":7628.928},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":7628.96,"end":7629.988},{"text":"and","start":7630.004,"end":7630.069},{"text":"international","start":7630.165,"end":7630.743},{"text":"cooperation.","start":7630.807,"end":7631.418}]},{"text":"In discharging its responsibilities towards maintenance of international peace and security, this Council must also play its part to ensure that natural resources don't fuel conflict but support peace and sustainable development.","start":7632.815,"end":7646.486,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7632.815,"end":7632.847},{"text":"discharging","start":7632.847,"end":7633.426},{"text":"its","start":7633.683,"end":7633.811},{"text":"responsibilities","start":7633.924,"end":7634.791},{"text":"towards","start":7634.887,"end":7635.193},{"text":"maintenance","start":7635.209,"end":7635.819},{"text":"of","start":7635.883,"end":7635.964},{"text":"international","start":7636.028,"end":7636.478},{"text":"peace","start":7636.51,"end":7636.702},{"text":"and","start":7636.751,"end":7636.831},{"text":"security,","start":7636.831,"end":7637.441},{"text":"this","start":7638.116,"end":7638.277},{"text":"Council","start":7638.277,"end":7638.758},{"text":"must","start":7638.758,"end":7639.015},{"text":"also","start":7639.08,"end":7639.401},{"text":"play","start":7639.481,"end":7639.738},{"text":"its","start":7640.14,"end":7640.3},{"text":"part","start":7640.365,"end":7640.702},{"text":"to","start":7640.927,"end":7641.007},{"text":"ensure","start":7641.007,"end":7641.409},{"text":"that","start":7641.409,"end":7641.585},{"text":"natural","start":7641.585,"end":7641.955},{"text":"resources","start":7641.955,"end":7642.501},{"text":"don't","start":7642.613,"end":7643.095},{"text":"fuel","start":7643.095,"end":7643.336},{"text":"conflict","start":7643.336,"end":7644.059},{"text":"but","start":7644.059,"end":7644.155},{"text":"support","start":7644.155,"end":7644.798},{"text":"peace","start":7644.862,"end":7645.103},{"text":"and","start":7645.103,"end":7645.2},{"text":"sustainable","start":7645.2,"end":7645.827},{"text":"development.","start":7645.827,"end":7646.486}]},{"text":"And we look forward to continuing this important discussion next week at the open debate.","start":7647.354,"end":7652.031,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7647.354,"end":7647.418},{"text":"we","start":7647.498,"end":7647.595},{"text":"look","start":7647.595,"end":7647.772},{"text":"forward","start":7647.82,"end":7648.206},{"text":"to","start":7648.222,"end":7648.318},{"text":"continuing","start":7648.318,"end":7648.768},{"text":"this","start":7649.138,"end":7649.25},{"text":"important","start":7649.283,"end":7649.749},{"text":"discussion","start":7649.749,"end":7650.215},{"text":"next","start":7650.247,"end":7650.568},{"text":"week","start":7650.568,"end":7650.874},{"text":"at","start":7651.115,"end":7651.211},{"text":"the","start":7651.211,"end":7651.34},{"text":"open","start":7651.356,"end":7651.549},{"text":"debate.","start":7651.597,"end":7652.031}]},{"text":"And thank you.","start":7652.24,"end":7652.754,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7652.24,"end":7652.304},{"text":"thank","start":7652.417,"end":7652.642},{"text":"you.","start":7652.642,"end":7652.754}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LVA","affiliation_full":"Latvia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":50,"start":7656.999,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7657","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Latvia, and I give the floor now to Colombia, followed by Bahrain and Denmark.","start":7656.999,"end":7661.695,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7656.999,"end":7657.032},{"text":"thank","start":7657.032,"end":7657.258},{"text":"Latvia,","start":7657.258,"end":7657.76},{"text":"and","start":7658.068,"end":7658.133},{"text":"I","start":7658.149,"end":7658.23},{"text":"give","start":7658.23,"end":7658.343},{"text":"the","start":7658.375,"end":7658.456},{"text":"floor","start":7658.456,"end":7658.634},{"text":"now","start":7658.634,"end":7658.748},{"text":"to","start":7658.861,"end":7659.088},{"text":"Colombia,","start":7659.201,"end":7659.622},{"text":"followed","start":7659.671,"end":7659.978},{"text":"by","start":7660.011,"end":7660.237},{"text":"Bahrain","start":7660.254,"end":7660.707},{"text":"and","start":7660.901,"end":7660.998},{"text":"Denmark.","start":7661.063,"end":7661.695}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":51,"start":7670.379,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=7671","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Your Excellency, Ms. Teresa Calleja Guambel Wagner, State Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs.","start":7670.379,"end":7677.683,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":7670.379,"end":7670.51},{"text":"Excellency,","start":7670.543,"end":7671.262},{"text":"Ms.","start":7671.392,"end":7672.128},{"text":"Teresa","start":7672.193,"end":7672.667},{"text":"Calleja","start":7672.667,"end":7672.928},{"text":"Guambel","start":7672.928,"end":7673.484},{"text":"Wagner,","start":7673.484,"end":7673.958},{"text":"State","start":7676.1,"end":7676.216},{"text":"Minister","start":7676.216,"end":7676.616},{"text":"and","start":7676.616,"end":7676.683},{"text":"Minister","start":7676.7,"end":7677.05},{"text":"of","start":7677.05,"end":7677.2},{"text":"Foreign","start":7677.2,"end":7677.4},{"text":"Affairs.","start":7677.4,"end":7677.683}]},{"text":"Madam Minister, Colombia thanks you for convening this meeting and recognizes the relevance of opening up discussions on the relationship between governance of national natural resources, conflict prevention, climate action, and peacebuilding.","start":7679.44,"end":7697.552,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7679.44,"end":7679.536},{"text":"Minister,","start":7679.536,"end":7679.954},{"text":"Colombia","start":7680.918,"end":7681.32},{"text":"thanks","start":7681.32,"end":7681.705},{"text":"you","start":7681.705,"end":7681.769},{"text":"for","start":7681.802,"end":7681.946},{"text":"convening","start":7681.946,"end":7682.284},{"text":"this","start":7682.284,"end":7682.444},{"text":"meeting","start":7682.444,"end":7682.814},{"text":"and","start":7683.569,"end":7683.714},{"text":"recognizes","start":7683.714,"end":7684.501},{"text":"the","start":7684.533,"end":7684.662},{"text":"relevance","start":7684.678,"end":7685.144},{"text":"of","start":7685.642,"end":7685.995},{"text":"opening","start":7686.767,"end":7687.072},{"text":"up","start":7687.168,"end":7687.345},{"text":"discussions","start":7687.345,"end":7688.052},{"text":"on","start":7688.052,"end":7688.149},{"text":"the","start":7688.149,"end":7688.293},{"text":"relationship","start":7688.293,"end":7688.904},{"text":"between","start":7688.953,"end":7689.326},{"text":"governance","start":7689.926,"end":7690.429},{"text":"of","start":7690.429,"end":7690.494},{"text":"national","start":7690.51,"end":7691.11},{"text":"natural","start":7691.208,"end":7691.613},{"text":"resources,","start":7691.613,"end":7692.165},{"text":"conflict","start":7692.765,"end":7693.17},{"text":"prevention,","start":7693.17,"end":7693.624},{"text":"climate","start":7695.36,"end":7695.83},{"text":"action,","start":7695.83,"end":7696.171},{"text":"and","start":7696.778,"end":7696.875},{"text":"peacebuilding.","start":7696.875,"end":7697.552}]},{"text":"For my country, this discussion must be part of a broader context to advance towards peace with nature.","start":7701.145,"end":7711.72,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":7701.145,"end":7701.29},{"text":"my","start":7701.29,"end":7701.419},{"text":"country,","start":7701.532,"end":7701.999},{"text":"this","start":7702.54,"end":7702.604},{"text":"discussion","start":7702.604,"end":7703.183},{"text":"must","start":7704.002,"end":7704.34},{"text":"be","start":7704.34,"end":7704.565},{"text":"part","start":7704.565,"end":7704.983},{"text":"of","start":7705.128,"end":7705.224},{"text":"a","start":7705.224,"end":7705.401},{"text":"broader","start":7705.449,"end":7705.787},{"text":"context","start":7705.787,"end":7706.591},{"text":"to","start":7708.262,"end":7708.536},{"text":"advance","start":7709.806,"end":7710.368},{"text":"towards","start":7710.368,"end":7710.738},{"text":"peace","start":7710.77,"end":7710.979},{"text":"with","start":7711.06,"end":7711.237},{"text":"nature.","start":7711.237,"end":7711.72}]},{"text":"This involves placing the development needs and expectations of communities at the center.","start":7712.782,"end":7721.186,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7712.782,"end":7712.975},{"text":"involves","start":7713.41,"end":7714.199},{"text":"placing","start":7714.875,"end":7715.326},{"text":"the","start":7715.6,"end":7715.841},{"text":"development","start":7717.226,"end":7718.127},{"text":"needs","start":7718.256,"end":7718.659},{"text":"and","start":7718.659,"end":7718.739},{"text":"expectations","start":7718.739,"end":7719.673},{"text":"of","start":7719.77,"end":7719.915},{"text":"communities","start":7719.931,"end":7720.559},{"text":"at","start":7720.655,"end":7720.72},{"text":"the","start":7720.72,"end":7720.757},{"text":"center.","start":7720.757,"end":7721.186}]},{"text":"Whilst making progress with the strengthening of the regulation and monitoring of supply chains with environmental and human rights safeguards.","start":7722.924,"end":7734.473,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Whilst","start":7722.924,"end":7723.524},{"text":"making","start":7725.533,"end":7725.825},{"text":"progress","start":7725.922,"end":7726.376},{"text":"with","start":7726.587,"end":7726.765},{"text":"the","start":7726.765,"end":7726.846},{"text":"strengthening","start":7726.846,"end":7727.446},{"text":"of","start":7727.543,"end":7727.689},{"text":"the","start":7727.721,"end":7727.948},{"text":"regulation","start":7727.948,"end":7728.532},{"text":"and","start":7728.532,"end":7728.613},{"text":"monitoring","start":7728.613,"end":7729.067},{"text":"of","start":7729.245,"end":7729.456},{"text":"supply","start":7731.027,"end":7731.397},{"text":"chains","start":7731.51,"end":7731.977},{"text":"with","start":7732.073,"end":7732.363},{"text":"environmental","start":7732.411,"end":7733.152},{"text":"and","start":7733.152,"end":7733.297},{"text":"human","start":7733.297,"end":7733.539},{"text":"rights","start":7733.603,"end":7733.861},{"text":"safeguards.","start":7733.861,"end":7734.473}]},{"text":"In this context, the regulatory framework is essential in order to prevent the financing of transnational organized crime and the financing of armed actors that benefit from illicit economies whilst ensuring that the legal and sustainable exploitation of natural resources leads to an improvement in the quality of life of communities and also the conservation of ecosystems, reducing the factors of vulnerability that can entrench conflicts.","start":7736.92,"end":7776.942,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7736.92,"end":7736.968},{"text":"this","start":7737.001,"end":7737.13},{"text":"context,","start":7737.226,"end":7738.031},{"text":"the","start":7739.577,"end":7739.722},{"text":"regulatory","start":7739.722,"end":7740.35},{"text":"framework","start":7740.367,"end":7740.949},{"text":"is","start":7740.949,"end":7741.24},{"text":"essential","start":7741.45,"end":7742.065},{"text":"in","start":7742.242,"end":7742.339},{"text":"order","start":7742.388,"end":7742.647},{"text":"to","start":7742.647,"end":7742.857},{"text":"prevent","start":7742.873,"end":7743.374},{"text":"the","start":7743.374,"end":7743.536},{"text":"financing","start":7743.536,"end":7744.215},{"text":"of","start":7744.329,"end":7744.474},{"text":"transnational","start":7744.49,"end":7745.137},{"text":"organized","start":7745.137,"end":7745.525},{"text":"crime","start":7745.558,"end":7745.93},{"text":"and","start":7748.8,"end":7748.945},{"text":"the","start":7749.298,"end":7749.378},{"text":"financing","start":7749.378,"end":7750.069},{"text":"of","start":7750.406,"end":7750.711},{"text":"armed","start":7750.968,"end":7751.321},{"text":"actors","start":7751.45,"end":7751.835},{"text":"that","start":7752.67,"end":7752.879},{"text":"benefit","start":7752.911,"end":7753.408},{"text":"from","start":7753.537,"end":7753.746},{"text":"illicit","start":7754.179,"end":7754.532},{"text":"economies","start":7754.532,"end":7755.126},{"text":"whilst","start":7755.865,"end":7756.539},{"text":"ensuring","start":7757.487,"end":7757.936},{"text":"that","start":7758.049,"end":7758.161},{"text":"the","start":7758.273,"end":7758.53},{"text":"legal","start":7759.092,"end":7759.397},{"text":"and","start":7759.51,"end":7759.702},{"text":"sustainable","start":7759.735,"end":7760.457},{"text":"exploitation","start":7760.457,"end":7761.388},{"text":"of","start":7761.886,"end":7762.031},{"text":"natural","start":7762.047,"end":7762.368},{"text":"resources","start":7762.368,"end":7762.994},{"text":"leads","start":7764.455,"end":7764.68},{"text":"to","start":7764.696,"end":7764.808},{"text":"an","start":7764.808,"end":7764.889},{"text":"improvement","start":7764.889,"end":7765.772},{"text":"in","start":7766.141,"end":7766.189},{"text":"the","start":7766.639,"end":7766.879},{"text":"quality","start":7767.04,"end":7767.441},{"text":"of","start":7767.441,"end":7767.57},{"text":"life","start":7767.586,"end":7767.891},{"text":"of","start":7767.939,"end":7768.068},{"text":"communities","start":7768.228,"end":7768.854},{"text":"and","start":7768.951,"end":7769.224},{"text":"also","start":7769.432,"end":7769.85},{"text":"the","start":7770.171,"end":7770.315},{"text":"conservation","start":7770.315,"end":7770.861},{"text":"of","start":7770.958,"end":7771.166},{"text":"ecosystems,","start":7771.359,"end":7772.226},{"text":"reducing","start":7772.483,"end":7772.949},{"text":"the","start":7773.463,"end":7773.512},{"text":"factors","start":7773.544,"end":7773.995},{"text":"of","start":7774.188,"end":7774.252},{"text":"vulnerability","start":7774.269,"end":7775.042},{"text":"that","start":7775.299,"end":7775.541},{"text":"can","start":7775.541,"end":7775.702},{"text":"entrench","start":7775.702,"end":7776.25},{"text":"conflicts.","start":7776.346,"end":7776.942}]},{"text":"This is all the more relevant in a context of climate crisis, where the degradation and overexploitation of natural resources entrench vulnerabilities— the vulnerabilities of communities, the civilian populations, and of the regions they come from and can exacerbate conflict dynamics.","start":7778.134,"end":7806.527,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7778.134,"end":7778.247},{"text":"is","start":7778.375,"end":7778.504},{"text":"all","start":7780.05,"end":7780.099},{"text":"the","start":7780.211,"end":7780.292},{"text":"more","start":7780.292,"end":7780.421},{"text":"relevant","start":7780.55,"end":7781.21},{"text":"in","start":7781.435,"end":7781.516},{"text":"a","start":7781.516,"end":7781.596},{"text":"context","start":7781.596,"end":7782.16},{"text":"of","start":7782.16,"end":7782.225},{"text":"climate","start":7782.37,"end":7782.563},{"text":"crisis,","start":7782.563,"end":7783.08},{"text":"where","start":7784.405,"end":7784.842},{"text":"the","start":7785.86,"end":7785.973},{"text":"degradation","start":7785.973,"end":7786.894},{"text":"and","start":7786.991,"end":7787.136},{"text":"overexploitation","start":7787.314,"end":7788.396},{"text":"of","start":7788.396,"end":7788.477},{"text":"natural","start":7788.51,"end":7788.848},{"text":"resources","start":7788.848,"end":7789.395},{"text":"entrench","start":7791.923,"end":7792.454},{"text":"vulnerabilities—","start":7792.551,"end":7793.42},{"text":"the","start":7795.787,"end":7795.851},{"text":"vulnerabilities","start":7795.868,"end":7796.721},{"text":"of","start":7796.753,"end":7796.962},{"text":"communities,","start":7797.317,"end":7797.928},{"text":"the","start":7797.961,"end":7798.09},{"text":"civilian","start":7798.09,"end":7798.483},{"text":"populations,","start":7798.619,"end":7799.337},{"text":"and","start":7799.474,"end":7799.73},{"text":"of","start":7799.73,"end":7799.969},{"text":"the","start":7799.98,"end":7800.189},{"text":"regions","start":7800.899,"end":7801.35},{"text":"they","start":7801.463,"end":7801.624},{"text":"come","start":7801.624,"end":7801.802},{"text":"from","start":7801.866,"end":7802.124},{"text":"and","start":7802.818,"end":7803.156},{"text":"can","start":7804.188,"end":7804.414},{"text":"exacerbate","start":7804.608,"end":7805.43},{"text":"conflict","start":7805.479,"end":7805.898},{"text":"dynamics.","start":7805.898,"end":7806.527}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, having said that, we see before us a fragmented, heterogeneous, and barely coordinated international architecture.","start":7807.98,"end":7820.338,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless,","start":7807.98,"end":7808.592},{"text":"having","start":7809.205,"end":7809.43},{"text":"said","start":7809.479,"end":7809.753},{"text":"that,","start":7809.785,"end":7810.107},{"text":"we","start":7810.252,"end":7810.462},{"text":"see","start":7811.493,"end":7811.88},{"text":"before","start":7811.88,"end":7812.299},{"text":"us","start":7812.348,"end":7812.557},{"text":"a","start":7814.282,"end":7814.298},{"text":"fragmented,","start":7814.379,"end":7815.394},{"text":"heterogeneous,","start":7816.12,"end":7816.699},{"text":"and","start":7816.796,"end":7817.279},{"text":"barely","start":7817.842,"end":7818.132},{"text":"coordinated","start":7818.164,"end":7818.937},{"text":"international","start":7819.034,"end":7819.565},{"text":"architecture.","start":7819.597,"end":7820.338}]},{"text":"Colombia believes that it is necessary to move towards a more coherent international regulatory framework to complement existing instruments and that strengthens international cooperation to prevent and combat the crimes that affect the environment.","start":7821.851,"end":7839.98,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":7821.851,"end":7822.27},{"text":"believes","start":7822.27,"end":7822.64},{"text":"that","start":7822.672,"end":7822.914},{"text":"it","start":7822.914,"end":7823.01},{"text":"is","start":7823.01,"end":7823.139},{"text":"necessary","start":7823.155,"end":7823.687},{"text":"to","start":7823.703,"end":7823.815},{"text":"move","start":7823.864,"end":7824.089},{"text":"towards","start":7824.121,"end":7824.572},{"text":"a","start":7824.83,"end":7824.926},{"text":"more","start":7824.926,"end":7825.168},{"text":"coherent","start":7825.168,"end":7825.844},{"text":"international","start":7826.653,"end":7827.376},{"text":"regulatory","start":7827.376,"end":7828.018},{"text":"framework","start":7828.018,"end":7828.66},{"text":"to","start":7829.142,"end":7829.303},{"text":"complement","start":7829.303,"end":7830.202},{"text":"existing","start":7830.282,"end":7830.716},{"text":"instruments","start":7830.764,"end":7831.422},{"text":"and","start":7832.514,"end":7832.819},{"text":"that","start":7832.819,"end":7832.883},{"text":"strengthens","start":7832.931,"end":7833.638},{"text":"international","start":7833.638,"end":7834.152},{"text":"cooperation","start":7834.184,"end":7834.971},{"text":"to","start":7835.067,"end":7835.179},{"text":"prevent","start":7835.244,"end":7835.725},{"text":"and","start":7835.725,"end":7836.095},{"text":"combat","start":7836.111,"end":7836.705},{"text":"the","start":7837.411,"end":7837.604},{"text":"crimes","start":7837.652,"end":7838.262},{"text":"that","start":7838.615,"end":7838.728},{"text":"affect","start":7838.856,"end":7839.129},{"text":"the","start":7839.177,"end":7839.322},{"text":"environment.","start":7839.322,"end":7839.98}]},{"text":"In this regard, Colombia supports the development of an additional protocol to the Palermo Convention geared towards strengthening the operational efficacy and legal coherence in response to these forms of transnational organized crime.","start":7841.265,"end":7860.627,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7841.265,"end":7841.297},{"text":"this","start":7841.409,"end":7841.474},{"text":"regard,","start":7841.586,"end":7842.036},{"text":"Colombia","start":7842.469,"end":7842.806},{"text":"supports","start":7842.806,"end":7843.336},{"text":"the","start":7843.336,"end":7843.416},{"text":"development","start":7843.416,"end":7843.994},{"text":"of","start":7843.994,"end":7844.139},{"text":"an","start":7844.139,"end":7844.251},{"text":"additional","start":7844.251,"end":7844.797},{"text":"protocol","start":7844.797,"end":7845.391},{"text":"to","start":7845.6,"end":7845.761},{"text":"the","start":7845.937,"end":7846.226},{"text":"Palermo","start":7846.226,"end":7846.724},{"text":"Convention","start":7846.724,"end":7847.318},{"text":"geared","start":7848.249,"end":7848.474},{"text":"towards","start":7848.49,"end":7848.827},{"text":"strengthening","start":7848.827,"end":7849.502},{"text":"the","start":7849.678,"end":7849.951},{"text":"operational","start":7850.337,"end":7851.043},{"text":"efficacy","start":7852.007,"end":7852.554},{"text":"and","start":7852.891,"end":7852.956},{"text":"legal","start":7853.229,"end":7853.502},{"text":"coherence","start":7853.551,"end":7854.387},{"text":"in","start":7857.249,"end":7857.377},{"text":"response","start":7857.393,"end":7857.972},{"text":"to","start":7857.972,"end":7858.294},{"text":"these","start":7858.471,"end":7858.664},{"text":"forms","start":7858.76,"end":7859.146},{"text":"of","start":7859.194,"end":7859.275},{"text":"transnational","start":7859.323,"end":7859.87},{"text":"organized","start":7859.87,"end":7860.272},{"text":"crime.","start":7860.289,"end":7860.627}]},{"text":"This framework must reconcile peace, security, transparency, and sustainable development, but at the same time, it should comprehensively include social and environmental justice climate resilience, the protection of biodiversity, and human rights safeguards.","start":7862.142,"end":7886.656,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7862.142,"end":7862.319},{"text":"framework","start":7862.319,"end":7862.884},{"text":"must","start":7862.9,"end":7863.141},{"text":"reconcile","start":7863.27,"end":7863.963},{"text":"peace,","start":7864.818,"end":7865.172},{"text":"security,","start":7865.87,"end":7866.512},{"text":"transparency,","start":7866.545,"end":7867.477},{"text":"and","start":7868.136,"end":7868.216},{"text":"sustainable","start":7868.216,"end":7868.731},{"text":"development,","start":7868.731,"end":7869.438},{"text":"but","start":7870.322,"end":7870.418},{"text":"at","start":7870.483,"end":7870.563},{"text":"the","start":7870.563,"end":7870.644},{"text":"same","start":7870.644,"end":7870.852},{"text":"time,","start":7870.965,"end":7871.463},{"text":"it","start":7871.913,"end":7872.074},{"text":"should","start":7872.074,"end":7872.54},{"text":"comprehensively","start":7873.521,"end":7874.389},{"text":"include","start":7874.55,"end":7875.119},{"text":"social","start":7875.656,"end":7876.177},{"text":"and","start":7876.681,"end":7876.844},{"text":"environmental","start":7876.844,"end":7877.479},{"text":"justice","start":7877.592,"end":7878.374},{"text":"climate","start":7879.563,"end":7880.016},{"text":"resilience,","start":7880.048,"end":7880.793},{"text":"the","start":7881.992,"end":7882.089},{"text":"protection","start":7882.089,"end":7882.656},{"text":"of","start":7882.656,"end":7882.769},{"text":"biodiversity,","start":7882.785,"end":7883.741},{"text":"and","start":7884.971,"end":7885.166},{"text":"human","start":7885.295,"end":7885.7},{"text":"rights","start":7885.7,"end":7885.975},{"text":"safeguards.","start":7885.975,"end":7886.656}]},{"text":"Furthermore, it's necessary to ensure a more equitable distribution of the value and income from natural resources in order to benefit the countries that produce them, indigenous peoples, persons of African descent, and local communities.","start":7888.62,"end":7907.208,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":7888.62,"end":7889.073},{"text":"it's","start":7889.396,"end":7889.672},{"text":"necessary","start":7889.785,"end":7890.27},{"text":"to","start":7890.27,"end":7890.497},{"text":"ensure","start":7890.497,"end":7891.015},{"text":"a","start":7891.306,"end":7891.355},{"text":"more","start":7891.5,"end":7891.986},{"text":"equitable","start":7892.035,"end":7892.536},{"text":"distribution","start":7892.536,"end":7893.313},{"text":"of","start":7894.381,"end":7894.527},{"text":"the","start":7894.559,"end":7894.802},{"text":"value","start":7894.802,"end":7895.288},{"text":"and","start":7895.288,"end":7895.417},{"text":"income","start":7895.531,"end":7896.032},{"text":"from","start":7897.052,"end":7897.57},{"text":"natural","start":7897.57,"end":7897.944},{"text":"resources","start":7897.944,"end":7898.577},{"text":"in","start":7898.934,"end":7898.982},{"text":"order","start":7899.08,"end":7899.275},{"text":"to","start":7899.275,"end":7899.567},{"text":"benefit","start":7899.583,"end":7900.054},{"text":"the","start":7900.313,"end":7900.394},{"text":"countries","start":7900.881,"end":7901.336},{"text":"that","start":7901.368,"end":7901.531},{"text":"produce","start":7901.531,"end":7901.888},{"text":"them,","start":7902.001,"end":7902.131},{"text":"indigenous","start":7903.154,"end":7903.608},{"text":"peoples,","start":7903.722,"end":7904.257},{"text":"persons","start":7904.553,"end":7905.01},{"text":"of","start":7905.042,"end":7905.189},{"text":"African","start":7905.189,"end":7905.531},{"text":"descent,","start":7905.531,"end":7906.101},{"text":"and","start":7906.263,"end":7906.345},{"text":"local","start":7906.345,"end":7906.654},{"text":"communities.","start":7906.671,"end":7907.208}]},{"text":"Both the standards that already exist as well as the ones that we can build collectively must be tools to drive and boost the prosperity and dignity of these communities and regions.","start":7910.236,"end":7924.692,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Both","start":7910.236,"end":7910.446},{"text":"the","start":7910.478,"end":7910.576},{"text":"standards","start":7910.576,"end":7911.174},{"text":"that","start":7911.191,"end":7911.369},{"text":"already","start":7911.433,"end":7911.741},{"text":"exist","start":7911.757,"end":7912.421},{"text":"as","start":7912.421,"end":7912.469},{"text":"well","start":7912.583,"end":7912.761},{"text":"as","start":7912.761,"end":7912.874},{"text":"the","start":7912.971,"end":7913.052},{"text":"ones","start":7913.052,"end":7913.36},{"text":"that","start":7913.457,"end":7913.602},{"text":"we","start":7914.201,"end":7914.46},{"text":"can","start":7914.606,"end":7914.817},{"text":"build","start":7914.914,"end":7915.221},{"text":"collectively","start":7915.254,"end":7915.95},{"text":"must","start":7916.306,"end":7916.629},{"text":"be","start":7916.629,"end":7916.856},{"text":"tools","start":7916.856,"end":7917.406},{"text":"to","start":7918.086,"end":7918.41},{"text":"drive","start":7919.139,"end":7919.673},{"text":"and","start":7920.337,"end":7920.482},{"text":"boost","start":7920.515,"end":7921.065},{"text":"the","start":7921.065,"end":7921.162},{"text":"prosperity","start":7921.227,"end":7921.956},{"text":"and","start":7921.956,"end":7922.053},{"text":"dignity","start":7922.053,"end":7922.668},{"text":"of","start":7923.008,"end":7923.17},{"text":"these","start":7923.17,"end":7923.316},{"text":"communities","start":7923.348,"end":7924.044},{"text":"and","start":7924.077,"end":7924.239},{"text":"regions.","start":7924.239,"end":7924.692}]},{"text":"When we see an increase in the rules of the game without them being properly coordinated, We can see an increase in costs, processes becoming more complex, and producers that have less agency being excluded.","start":7928.18,"end":7944.397,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":7928.18,"end":7928.326},{"text":"we","start":7928.439,"end":7928.601},{"text":"see","start":7928.601,"end":7929.006},{"text":"an","start":7929.314,"end":7929.378},{"text":"increase","start":7929.637,"end":7930.01},{"text":"in","start":7930.139,"end":7930.22},{"text":"the","start":7930.22,"end":7930.285},{"text":"rules","start":7930.366,"end":7930.592},{"text":"of","start":7930.625,"end":7930.706},{"text":"the","start":7930.706,"end":7930.787},{"text":"game","start":7930.851,"end":7931.029},{"text":"without","start":7931.029,"end":7931.434},{"text":"them","start":7931.434,"end":7931.58},{"text":"being","start":7931.596,"end":7931.725},{"text":"properly","start":7931.904,"end":7932.243},{"text":"coordinated,","start":7932.308,"end":7932.907},{"text":"We","start":7933.664,"end":7933.808},{"text":"can","start":7933.808,"end":7933.905},{"text":"see","start":7933.921,"end":7934.242},{"text":"an","start":7934.692,"end":7934.74},{"text":"increase","start":7935.415,"end":7935.913},{"text":"in","start":7935.913,"end":7936.058},{"text":"costs,","start":7936.058,"end":7936.636},{"text":"processes","start":7937.199,"end":7937.729},{"text":"becoming","start":7937.841,"end":7938.147},{"text":"more","start":7938.243,"end":7938.581},{"text":"complex,","start":7938.629,"end":7939.207},{"text":"and","start":7939.85,"end":7940.011},{"text":"producers","start":7940.011,"end":7940.621},{"text":"that","start":7941.36,"end":7941.521},{"text":"have","start":7941.521,"end":7941.826},{"text":"less","start":7942.581,"end":7942.839},{"text":"agency","start":7942.967,"end":7943.465},{"text":"being","start":7943.465,"end":7943.674},{"text":"excluded.","start":7943.787,"end":7944.397}]},{"text":"That's why harmonizing these must be grounded in shared responsibility alongside technical assistance, the strengthening of institutions with financial backing and technology transfer.","start":7945.474,"end":7960.96,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":7945.474,"end":7945.715},{"text":"why","start":7945.779,"end":7945.908},{"text":"harmonizing","start":7946.277,"end":7946.888},{"text":"these","start":7947,"end":7947.209},{"text":"must","start":7947.739,"end":7947.98},{"text":"be","start":7948.045,"end":7948.205},{"text":"grounded","start":7948.205,"end":7948.768},{"text":"in","start":7948.768,"end":7948.912},{"text":"shared","start":7948.912,"end":7949.314},{"text":"responsibility","start":7949.314,"end":7950.262},{"text":"alongside","start":7951.098,"end":7951.901},{"text":"technical","start":7952.222,"end":7952.64},{"text":"assistance,","start":7952.64,"end":7953.379},{"text":"the","start":7954.07,"end":7954.151},{"text":"strengthening","start":7954.151,"end":7954.681},{"text":"of","start":7955.018,"end":7955.115},{"text":"institutions","start":7955.115,"end":7955.934},{"text":"with","start":7957.284,"end":7957.621},{"text":"financial","start":7957.91,"end":7958.457},{"text":"backing","start":7958.489,"end":7958.858},{"text":"and","start":7959.363,"end":7959.676},{"text":"technology","start":7959.939,"end":7960.499},{"text":"transfer.","start":7960.515,"end":7960.96}]},{"text":"In this way, traceability and transparency will be means of promoting more sustainable and inclusive development without leading to disproportionate burdens for those that participate legitimately in supply chains.","start":7963.492,"end":7979.704,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7963.492,"end":7963.572},{"text":"this","start":7963.572,"end":7963.717},{"text":"way,","start":7963.717,"end":7963.845},{"text":"traceability","start":7963.958,"end":7964.745},{"text":"and","start":7964.777,"end":7964.89},{"text":"transparency","start":7964.922,"end":7965.709},{"text":"will","start":7966.465,"end":7966.625},{"text":"be","start":7966.625,"end":7966.722},{"text":"means","start":7966.722,"end":7967.156},{"text":"of","start":7967.188,"end":7967.316},{"text":"promoting","start":7967.349,"end":7967.959},{"text":"more","start":7968.458,"end":7968.618},{"text":"sustainable","start":7968.618,"end":7969.261},{"text":"and","start":7969.261,"end":7969.374},{"text":"inclusive","start":7969.374,"end":7969.84},{"text":"development","start":7969.84,"end":7970.515},{"text":"without","start":7970.884,"end":7971.784},{"text":"leading","start":7972.154,"end":7972.459},{"text":"to","start":7972.636,"end":7972.894},{"text":"disproportionate","start":7972.894,"end":7973.828},{"text":"burdens","start":7973.844,"end":7974.391},{"text":"for","start":7974.504,"end":7974.778},{"text":"those","start":7974.81,"end":7975.035},{"text":"that","start":7975.148,"end":7975.293},{"text":"participate","start":7975.953,"end":7976.774},{"text":"legitimately","start":7977.305,"end":7978.094},{"text":"in","start":7978.674,"end":7978.738},{"text":"supply","start":7978.932,"end":7979.334},{"text":"chains.","start":7979.334,"end":7979.704}]},{"text":"It's also essential to underscore the responsibility of purchasers, merchants, and other actors in the supply chain who must vouch for the lawful, traceable, and verifiable origin of the raw materials that they acquire.","start":7979.833,"end":8002.014,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":7979.833,"end":7981.492},{"text":"also","start":7981.492,"end":7981.669},{"text":"essential","start":7981.733,"end":7982.2},{"text":"to","start":7982.643,"end":7982.823},{"text":"underscore","start":7983.199,"end":7983.804},{"text":"the","start":7983.951,"end":7984.115},{"text":"responsibility","start":7984.115,"end":7984.949},{"text":"of","start":7985.7,"end":7986.104},{"text":"purchasers,","start":7986.685,"end":7987.299},{"text":"merchants,","start":7987.396,"end":7988.252},{"text":"and","start":7988.768,"end":7988.914},{"text":"other","start":7988.946,"end":7989.172},{"text":"actors","start":7989.172,"end":7989.479},{"text":"in","start":7989.576,"end":7989.64},{"text":"the","start":7989.673,"end":7989.753},{"text":"supply","start":7989.753,"end":7990.157},{"text":"chain","start":7990.157,"end":7990.432},{"text":"who","start":7991.61,"end":7991.82},{"text":"must","start":7993.144,"end":7993.516},{"text":"vouch","start":7993.548,"end":7993.92},{"text":"for","start":7994.016,"end":7994.339},{"text":"the","start":7994.339,"end":7994.597},{"text":"lawful,","start":7996.274,"end":7996.661},{"text":"traceable,","start":7996.919,"end":7997.451},{"text":"and","start":7997.806,"end":7998.128},{"text":"verifiable","start":7998.241,"end":7998.918},{"text":"origin","start":7999.176,"end":7999.644},{"text":"of","start":7999.902,"end":8000.128},{"text":"the","start":8000.241,"end":8000.499},{"text":"raw","start":8000.628,"end":8000.724},{"text":"materials","start":8000.789,"end":8001.337},{"text":"that","start":8001.434,"end":8001.531},{"text":"they","start":8001.531,"end":8001.66},{"text":"acquire.","start":8001.66,"end":8002.014}]},{"text":"Governance over natural resources must not only be the responsibility of producer countries, This must be based on true share of responsibility.","start":8003.689,"end":8014.327,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Governance","start":8003.689,"end":8004.253},{"text":"over","start":8004.253,"end":8004.607},{"text":"natural","start":8004.655,"end":8004.993},{"text":"resources","start":8004.993,"end":8005.606},{"text":"must","start":8007.554,"end":8007.796},{"text":"not","start":8007.796,"end":8007.941},{"text":"only","start":8008.118,"end":8008.344},{"text":"be","start":8008.376,"end":8008.537},{"text":"the","start":8008.537,"end":8008.682},{"text":"responsibility","start":8008.682,"end":8009.552},{"text":"of","start":8009.745,"end":8009.809},{"text":"producer","start":8009.825,"end":8010.244},{"text":"countries,","start":8010.309,"end":8010.727},{"text":"This","start":8011.666,"end":8011.828},{"text":"must","start":8011.844,"end":8012.007},{"text":"be","start":8012.007,"end":8012.169},{"text":"based","start":8012.169,"end":8012.558},{"text":"on","start":8012.639,"end":8012.704},{"text":"true","start":8012.802,"end":8013.143},{"text":"share","start":8013.143,"end":8013.451},{"text":"of","start":8013.451,"end":8013.548},{"text":"responsibility.","start":8013.548,"end":8014.327}]},{"text":"Those who continue to mainly benefit from the trade of these resources must fully assume their due diligence duties, as well as transparency and accountability.","start":8016.61,"end":8032.572,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Those","start":8016.61,"end":8016.658},{"text":"who","start":8016.803,"end":8016.9},{"text":"continue","start":8020.273,"end":8020.838},{"text":"to","start":8020.838,"end":8021.241},{"text":"mainly","start":8021.58,"end":8021.935},{"text":"benefit","start":8022.048,"end":8022.678},{"text":"from","start":8022.678,"end":8022.823},{"text":"the","start":8022.92,"end":8023.017},{"text":"trade","start":8023.017,"end":8023.436},{"text":"of","start":8023.436,"end":8023.517},{"text":"these","start":8023.565,"end":8023.695},{"text":"resources","start":8023.743,"end":8024.276},{"text":"must","start":8024.372,"end":8024.76},{"text":"fully","start":8024.792,"end":8025.163},{"text":"assume","start":8025.196,"end":8025.68},{"text":"their","start":8026.072,"end":8026.354},{"text":"due","start":8026.653,"end":8026.919},{"text":"diligence","start":8026.919,"end":8027.417},{"text":"duties,","start":8027.417,"end":8027.882},{"text":"as","start":8030.418,"end":8030.451},{"text":"well","start":8030.451,"end":8030.5},{"text":"as","start":8030.5,"end":8030.614},{"text":"transparency","start":8030.647,"end":8031.511},{"text":"and","start":8031.691,"end":8031.805},{"text":"accountability.","start":8031.805,"end":8032.572}]},{"text":"This is the only way that it will be possible to ensure that international markets continue to absorb resources.","start":8034.418,"end":8041.696,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8034.418,"end":8034.549},{"text":"is","start":8034.663,"end":8034.794},{"text":"the","start":8034.81,"end":8034.973},{"text":"only","start":8034.973,"end":8035.169},{"text":"way","start":8035.218,"end":8035.397},{"text":"that","start":8035.397,"end":8035.56},{"text":"it","start":8035.56,"end":8035.658},{"text":"will","start":8035.724,"end":8035.854},{"text":"be","start":8035.887,"end":8036.05},{"text":"possible","start":8036.05,"end":8036.588},{"text":"to","start":8036.621,"end":8036.768},{"text":"ensure","start":8036.8,"end":8037.29},{"text":"that","start":8037.355,"end":8037.486},{"text":"international","start":8037.6,"end":8038.105},{"text":"markets","start":8038.105,"end":8038.725},{"text":"continue","start":8038.725,"end":8039.329},{"text":"to","start":8039.378,"end":8039.655},{"text":"absorb","start":8040.678,"end":8041.082},{"text":"resources.","start":8041.082,"end":8041.696}]},{"text":"This is rather the only way that it will be possible to prevent the international markets continuing to absorb resources linked to illegality, violence, and environmental damage, and ensuring that traceability is not only a formal requirement but also an effective tool that brings peace, sustainable development, and promotes a fairer distribution of value.","start":8043.425,"end":8065.828,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8043.425,"end":8043.554},{"text":"is","start":8043.668,"end":8043.716},{"text":"rather","start":8043.829,"end":8044.12},{"text":"the","start":8044.136,"end":8044.298},{"text":"only","start":8044.298,"end":8044.443},{"text":"way","start":8044.476,"end":8044.556},{"text":"that","start":8044.621,"end":8044.783},{"text":"it","start":8044.783,"end":8044.864},{"text":"will","start":8044.864,"end":8044.928},{"text":"be","start":8044.96,"end":8045.041},{"text":"possible","start":8045.041,"end":8045.462},{"text":"to","start":8045.51,"end":8045.688},{"text":"prevent","start":8045.688,"end":8046.334},{"text":"the","start":8046.561,"end":8046.658},{"text":"international","start":8046.658,"end":8047.142},{"text":"markets","start":8047.142,"end":8047.74},{"text":"continuing","start":8047.87,"end":8048.371},{"text":"to","start":8048.419,"end":8048.516},{"text":"absorb","start":8048.516,"end":8049.066},{"text":"resources","start":8049.242,"end":8049.692},{"text":"linked","start":8049.789,"end":8050.126},{"text":"to","start":8050.126,"end":8050.464},{"text":"illegality,","start":8051.717,"end":8052.295},{"text":"violence,","start":8052.36,"end":8052.922},{"text":"and","start":8052.938,"end":8053.195},{"text":"environmental","start":8054.304,"end":8054.85},{"text":"damage,","start":8054.866,"end":8055.268},{"text":"and","start":8055.991,"end":8056.056},{"text":"ensuring","start":8056.136,"end":8056.522},{"text":"that","start":8056.554,"end":8056.698},{"text":"traceability","start":8056.714,"end":8057.357},{"text":"is","start":8057.357,"end":8057.405},{"text":"not","start":8057.502,"end":8057.679},{"text":"only","start":8057.679,"end":8057.887},{"text":"a","start":8057.904,"end":8057.92},{"text":"formal","start":8057.984,"end":8058.467},{"text":"requirement","start":8058.467,"end":8058.969},{"text":"but","start":8058.969,"end":8059.115},{"text":"also","start":8059.115,"end":8059.423},{"text":"an","start":8059.683,"end":8060.04},{"text":"effective","start":8060.04,"end":8060.559},{"text":"tool","start":8060.575,"end":8060.802},{"text":"that","start":8060.899,"end":8061.077},{"text":"brings","start":8061.077,"end":8061.369},{"text":"peace,","start":8061.467,"end":8061.629},{"text":"sustainable","start":8061.645,"end":8062.196},{"text":"development,","start":8062.212,"end":8062.764},{"text":"and","start":8062.78,"end":8062.861},{"text":"promotes","start":8062.861,"end":8063.461},{"text":"a","start":8063.899,"end":8064.029},{"text":"fairer","start":8064.304,"end":8064.726},{"text":"distribution","start":8064.726,"end":8065.455},{"text":"of","start":8065.455,"end":8065.537},{"text":"value.","start":8065.537,"end":8065.828}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":8066.214,"end":8066.983,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8066.214,"end":8066.406},{"text":"you","start":8066.406,"end":8066.494},{"text":"very","start":8066.494,"end":8066.686},{"text":"much.","start":8066.686,"end":8066.983}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COL","affiliation_full":"Colombia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":52,"start":8070.072,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8071","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Colombia, and I now give the floor to Bahrain, who will be followed by Denmark.","start":8070.072,"end":8074.028,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8070.072,"end":8070.121},{"text":"thank","start":8070.153,"end":8070.479},{"text":"Colombia,","start":8070.479,"end":8071.049},{"text":"and","start":8071.277,"end":8071.358},{"text":"I","start":8071.358,"end":8071.407},{"text":"now","start":8071.456,"end":8071.57},{"text":"give","start":8071.619,"end":8071.798},{"text":"the","start":8071.798,"end":8071.928},{"text":"floor","start":8071.928,"end":8072.107},{"text":"to","start":8072.107,"end":8072.27},{"text":"Bahrain,","start":8072.27,"end":8072.807},{"text":"who","start":8072.905,"end":8072.97},{"text":"will","start":8072.986,"end":8073.051},{"text":"be","start":8073.084,"end":8073.247},{"text":"followed","start":8073.247,"end":8073.491},{"text":"by","start":8073.491,"end":8073.67},{"text":"Denmark.","start":8073.67,"end":8074.028}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":53,"start":8078.15,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8079","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":8078.15,"end":8079.548,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8078.15,"end":8078.342},{"text":"you,","start":8078.342,"end":8078.439},{"text":"Mr.","start":8078.487,"end":8078.825},{"text":"President.","start":8078.905,"end":8079.548}]},{"text":"At the outset, please allow me to welcome Her Excellency Minister Wagner, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the DRC.","start":8080.111,"end":8087.767,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8080.111,"end":8080.191},{"text":"the","start":8080.191,"end":8080.336},{"text":"outset,","start":8080.416,"end":8080.802},{"text":"please","start":8080.914,"end":8081.172},{"text":"allow","start":8081.236,"end":8081.477},{"text":"me","start":8081.573,"end":8081.782},{"text":"to","start":8081.782,"end":8081.847},{"text":"welcome","start":8081.943,"end":8082.425},{"text":"Her","start":8082.522,"end":8082.763},{"text":"Excellency","start":8082.763,"end":8083.454},{"text":"Minister","start":8083.502,"end":8084.113},{"text":"Wagner,","start":8084.21,"end":8084.756},{"text":"the","start":8085.255,"end":8085.351},{"text":"Minister","start":8085.351,"end":8085.737},{"text":"of","start":8085.898,"end":8085.962},{"text":"Foreign","start":8085.962,"end":8086.267},{"text":"Affairs","start":8086.364,"end":8086.75},{"text":"of","start":8086.798,"end":8086.927},{"text":"the","start":8086.927,"end":8087.089},{"text":"DRC.","start":8087.089,"end":8087.767}]},{"text":"Please allow me to extend my thanks to the DRC for convening this important meeting to discuss normative gap regarding natural resources and peace and international peace and security.","start":8088.299,"end":8100.201,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":8088.299,"end":8088.525},{"text":"allow","start":8088.622,"end":8088.8},{"text":"me","start":8088.881,"end":8088.977},{"text":"to","start":8089.042,"end":8089.203},{"text":"extend","start":8089.203,"end":8089.575},{"text":"my","start":8089.607,"end":8089.865},{"text":"thanks","start":8089.914,"end":8090.188},{"text":"to","start":8090.317,"end":8090.382},{"text":"the","start":8090.414,"end":8090.56},{"text":"DRC","start":8090.56,"end":8091.222},{"text":"for","start":8091.222,"end":8091.415},{"text":"convening","start":8091.528,"end":8092.077},{"text":"this","start":8092.19,"end":8092.303},{"text":"important","start":8092.432,"end":8093.078},{"text":"meeting","start":8093.078,"end":8093.385},{"text":"to","start":8093.748,"end":8093.86},{"text":"discuss","start":8093.892,"end":8094.47},{"text":"normative","start":8094.535,"end":8095.048},{"text":"gap","start":8095.337,"end":8095.739},{"text":"regarding","start":8095.739,"end":8096.188},{"text":"natural","start":8096.3,"end":8096.702},{"text":"resources","start":8096.702,"end":8097.392},{"text":"and","start":8097.665,"end":8097.745},{"text":"peace","start":8097.89,"end":8098.259},{"text":"and","start":8098.307,"end":8098.371},{"text":"international","start":8098.468,"end":8099.174},{"text":"peace","start":8099.174,"end":8099.495},{"text":"and","start":8099.511,"end":8099.575},{"text":"security.","start":8099.656,"end":8100.201}]},{"text":"I would like to thank the briefers for their briefings.","start":8100.699,"end":8103.332,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8100.699,"end":8100.747},{"text":"would","start":8100.795,"end":8100.94},{"text":"like","start":8101.02,"end":8101.261},{"text":"to","start":8101.277,"end":8101.437},{"text":"thank","start":8101.437,"end":8101.758},{"text":"the","start":8101.758,"end":8101.839},{"text":"briefers","start":8101.839,"end":8102.288},{"text":"for","start":8102.385,"end":8102.513},{"text":"their","start":8102.561,"end":8102.802},{"text":"briefings.","start":8102.802,"end":8103.332}]},{"text":"This discussion is of paramount importance because natural resources impact international peace and security.","start":8104.488,"end":8111.487,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8104.488,"end":8104.76},{"text":"discussion","start":8104.889,"end":8105.499},{"text":"is","start":8105.772,"end":8105.9},{"text":"of","start":8106.093,"end":8106.302},{"text":"paramount","start":8106.398,"end":8106.912},{"text":"importance","start":8106.912,"end":8107.634},{"text":"because","start":8107.634,"end":8107.987},{"text":"natural","start":8108.019,"end":8108.388},{"text":"resources","start":8108.404,"end":8109.031},{"text":"impact","start":8109.063,"end":8109.528},{"text":"international","start":8109.544,"end":8110.315},{"text":"peace","start":8110.347,"end":8110.7},{"text":"and","start":8110.748,"end":8110.812},{"text":"security.","start":8110.909,"end":8111.487}]},{"text":"International experiences show that they— that 40% of internal conflicts in the past 6 decades were linked to natural resources.","start":8111.615,"end":8120.669,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":8111.615,"end":8112.37},{"text":"experiences","start":8112.37,"end":8113.172},{"text":"show","start":8113.172,"end":8113.542},{"text":"that","start":8113.622,"end":8114.119},{"text":"they—","start":8114.665,"end":8114.922},{"text":"that","start":8115.163,"end":8115.275},{"text":"40%","start":8115.404,"end":8115.661},{"text":"of","start":8116.431,"end":8116.576},{"text":"internal","start":8116.848,"end":8117.314},{"text":"conflicts","start":8117.33,"end":8117.812},{"text":"in","start":8117.812,"end":8117.892},{"text":"the","start":8117.892,"end":8117.972},{"text":"past","start":8118.036,"end":8118.293},{"text":"6","start":8118.293,"end":8118.486},{"text":"decades","start":8118.598,"end":8118.903},{"text":"were","start":8119.016,"end":8119.24},{"text":"linked","start":8119.24,"end":8119.513},{"text":"to","start":8119.513,"end":8119.594},{"text":"natural","start":8119.594,"end":8119.979},{"text":"resources.","start":8119.979,"end":8120.669}]},{"text":"With the growing demand for critical minerals, We need accountability and international cooperation to promote security and stability.","start":8121.022,"end":8129.23,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":8121.022,"end":8121.183},{"text":"the","start":8121.183,"end":8121.343},{"text":"growing","start":8121.343,"end":8121.632},{"text":"demand","start":8121.745,"end":8122.226},{"text":"for","start":8122.307,"end":8122.579},{"text":"critical","start":8122.852,"end":8123.366},{"text":"minerals,","start":8123.414,"end":8123.767},{"text":"We","start":8123.832,"end":8123.929},{"text":"need","start":8123.929,"end":8124.365},{"text":"accountability","start":8124.559,"end":8125.416},{"text":"and","start":8125.513,"end":8125.594},{"text":"international","start":8125.691,"end":8126.337},{"text":"cooperation","start":8126.337,"end":8127.032},{"text":"to","start":8127.064,"end":8127.161},{"text":"promote","start":8127.21,"end":8127.808},{"text":"security","start":8127.873,"end":8128.438},{"text":"and","start":8128.519,"end":8128.584},{"text":"stability.","start":8128.665,"end":8129.23}]},{"text":"In this context, I would like to make the following 3 points.","start":8129.651,"end":8132.284,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8129.651,"end":8129.699},{"text":"this","start":8129.731,"end":8129.974},{"text":"context,","start":8129.974,"end":8130.475},{"text":"I","start":8130.54,"end":8130.588},{"text":"would","start":8130.62,"end":8130.847},{"text":"like","start":8130.847,"end":8130.96},{"text":"to","start":8131.024,"end":8131.105},{"text":"make","start":8131.105,"end":8131.348},{"text":"the","start":8131.348,"end":8131.429},{"text":"following","start":8131.429,"end":8131.72},{"text":"3","start":8131.752,"end":8132.058},{"text":"points.","start":8132.058,"end":8132.284}]},{"text":"One, our discussion today comes at a time when the management of natural resources is of paramount importance.","start":8132.704,"end":8142.161,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"One,","start":8132.704,"end":8132.833},{"text":"our","start":8135.205,"end":8135.383},{"text":"discussion","start":8135.464,"end":8135.996},{"text":"today","start":8136.093,"end":8136.448},{"text":"comes","start":8136.658,"end":8137.045},{"text":"at","start":8137.239,"end":8137.384},{"text":"a","start":8137.384,"end":8137.4},{"text":"time","start":8137.545,"end":8137.9},{"text":"when","start":8138.029,"end":8138.159},{"text":"the","start":8138.514,"end":8138.723},{"text":"management","start":8138.788,"end":8139.498},{"text":"of","start":8139.563,"end":8139.659},{"text":"natural","start":8139.724,"end":8140.111},{"text":"resources","start":8140.111,"end":8140.757},{"text":"is","start":8140.773,"end":8140.886},{"text":"of","start":8140.886,"end":8140.999},{"text":"paramount","start":8141.08,"end":8141.515},{"text":"importance.","start":8141.515,"end":8142.161}]},{"text":"Despite international efforts, including a series of sanctions regimes imposed by the Security Council, But these efforts remain fragmented and are not— and do not lead to a comprehensive and coherent framework.","start":8142.404,"end":8158.143,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":8142.404,"end":8142.953},{"text":"international","start":8142.953,"end":8143.776},{"text":"efforts,","start":8143.776,"end":8144.18},{"text":"including","start":8144.906,"end":8145.601},{"text":"a","start":8145.778,"end":8145.794},{"text":"series","start":8145.811,"end":8146.408},{"text":"of","start":8146.666,"end":8146.812},{"text":"sanctions","start":8146.86,"end":8147.425},{"text":"regimes","start":8147.49,"end":8148.023},{"text":"imposed","start":8148.055,"end":8148.507},{"text":"by","start":8148.539,"end":8148.685},{"text":"the","start":8148.685,"end":8148.782},{"text":"Security","start":8148.782,"end":8149.347},{"text":"Council,","start":8149.347,"end":8149.847},{"text":"But","start":8150.186,"end":8150.331},{"text":"these","start":8150.347,"end":8150.619},{"text":"efforts","start":8150.683,"end":8151.245},{"text":"remain","start":8151.261,"end":8151.598},{"text":"fragmented","start":8151.71,"end":8152.496},{"text":"and","start":8153.074,"end":8153.218},{"text":"are","start":8153.314,"end":8153.571},{"text":"not—","start":8153.571,"end":8154.036},{"text":"and","start":8154.999,"end":8155.095},{"text":"do","start":8155.095,"end":8155.175},{"text":"not","start":8155.175,"end":8155.48},{"text":"lead","start":8155.48,"end":8155.705},{"text":"to","start":8155.737,"end":8155.865},{"text":"a","start":8155.881,"end":8155.897},{"text":"comprehensive","start":8155.977,"end":8156.731},{"text":"and","start":8156.924,"end":8157.164},{"text":"coherent","start":8157.164,"end":8157.726},{"text":"framework.","start":8157.726,"end":8158.143}]},{"text":"This fragmentation leads to a duplication of frameworks that address specific resources or specific issues.","start":8158.528,"end":8166.132,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8158.528,"end":8158.769},{"text":"fragmentation","start":8158.769,"end":8159.635},{"text":"leads","start":8159.844,"end":8160.196},{"text":"to","start":8160.453,"end":8160.598},{"text":"a","start":8160.694,"end":8160.71},{"text":"duplication","start":8160.79,"end":8161.56},{"text":"of","start":8161.736,"end":8161.913},{"text":"frameworks","start":8161.913,"end":8162.571},{"text":"that","start":8162.875,"end":8163.116},{"text":"address","start":8163.18,"end":8163.694},{"text":"specific","start":8163.758,"end":8164.255},{"text":"resources","start":8164.319,"end":8164.929},{"text":"or","start":8165.041,"end":8165.121},{"text":"specific","start":8165.121,"end":8165.699},{"text":"issues.","start":8165.843,"end":8166.132}]},{"text":"As a result, the existing gaps are being exploited and natural resources are subject to illicit exploitation, which threatens the sustainability of natural resources and fuels instability within countries and across borders.","start":8166.469,"end":8180.329,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8166.469,"end":8166.629},{"text":"a","start":8166.629,"end":8166.645},{"text":"result,","start":8166.661,"end":8167.191},{"text":"the","start":8167.287,"end":8167.431},{"text":"existing","start":8167.431,"end":8167.897},{"text":"gaps","start":8168.073,"end":8168.362},{"text":"are","start":8168.554,"end":8168.651},{"text":"being","start":8168.651,"end":8168.939},{"text":"exploited","start":8169.052,"end":8169.742},{"text":"and","start":8169.854,"end":8169.918},{"text":"natural","start":8169.998,"end":8170.319},{"text":"resources","start":8170.319,"end":8170.945},{"text":"are","start":8171.041,"end":8171.089},{"text":"subject","start":8171.137,"end":8171.699},{"text":"to","start":8171.699,"end":8171.843},{"text":"illicit","start":8171.843,"end":8172.276},{"text":"exploitation,","start":8172.324,"end":8173.11},{"text":"which","start":8173.527,"end":8173.672},{"text":"threatens","start":8173.784,"end":8174.314},{"text":"the","start":8174.747,"end":8174.843},{"text":"sustainability","start":8174.843,"end":8175.757},{"text":"of","start":8175.854,"end":8175.902},{"text":"natural","start":8175.966,"end":8176.351},{"text":"resources","start":8176.351,"end":8176.96},{"text":"and","start":8177.057,"end":8177.137},{"text":"fuels","start":8177.217,"end":8177.602},{"text":"instability","start":8177.634,"end":8178.372},{"text":"within","start":8178.5,"end":8178.725},{"text":"countries","start":8178.821,"end":8179.303},{"text":"and","start":8179.383,"end":8179.543},{"text":"across","start":8179.543,"end":8179.96},{"text":"borders.","start":8179.96,"end":8180.329}]},{"text":"The Kingdom of Bahrain reiterates that natural resources are a pillar to support economies and to strengthen strategic sectors, including agricultural inputs and food, which are a basis for global food security.","start":8180.7,"end":8194.973,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8180.7,"end":8180.845},{"text":"Kingdom","start":8180.845,"end":8181.2},{"text":"of","start":8181.313,"end":8181.378},{"text":"Bahrain","start":8181.41,"end":8181.797},{"text":"reiterates","start":8181.959,"end":8182.685},{"text":"that","start":8182.701,"end":8182.814},{"text":"natural","start":8182.927,"end":8183.266},{"text":"resources","start":8183.266,"end":8183.96},{"text":"are","start":8184.057,"end":8184.105},{"text":"a","start":8184.234,"end":8184.25},{"text":"pillar","start":8184.315,"end":8184.686},{"text":"to","start":8184.718,"end":8184.815},{"text":"support","start":8184.815,"end":8185.364},{"text":"economies","start":8185.364,"end":8185.977},{"text":"and","start":8186.09,"end":8186.154},{"text":"to","start":8186.251,"end":8186.332},{"text":"strengthen","start":8186.348,"end":8186.945},{"text":"strategic","start":8186.977,"end":8187.639},{"text":"sectors,","start":8187.639,"end":8188.139},{"text":"including","start":8189.19,"end":8189.513},{"text":"agricultural","start":8189.61,"end":8190.434},{"text":"inputs","start":8190.498,"end":8191.064},{"text":"and","start":8191.144,"end":8191.322},{"text":"food,","start":8191.467,"end":8191.855},{"text":"which","start":8192.194,"end":8192.34},{"text":"are","start":8192.518,"end":8192.76},{"text":"a","start":8192.841,"end":8192.938},{"text":"basis","start":8192.938,"end":8193.422},{"text":"for","start":8193.487,"end":8193.616},{"text":"global","start":8193.81,"end":8194.214},{"text":"food","start":8194.214,"end":8194.456},{"text":"security.","start":8194.456,"end":8194.973}]},{"text":"Ensuring the security will not only ensure that they are not illegally exploited, but will also secure the transit waterways.","start":8197.16,"end":8206.787,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Ensuring","start":8197.16,"end":8197.694},{"text":"the","start":8197.889,"end":8197.97},{"text":"security","start":8197.97,"end":8198.634},{"text":"will","start":8199.103,"end":8199.249},{"text":"not","start":8199.249,"end":8199.524},{"text":"only","start":8199.573,"end":8199.881},{"text":"ensure","start":8199.994,"end":8200.35},{"text":"that","start":8200.464,"end":8200.561},{"text":"they","start":8200.561,"end":8200.642},{"text":"are","start":8200.788,"end":8200.934},{"text":"not","start":8200.95,"end":8201.29},{"text":"illegally","start":8201.29,"end":8201.841},{"text":"exploited,","start":8201.922,"end":8202.537},{"text":"but","start":8202.65,"end":8202.829},{"text":"will","start":8202.829,"end":8203.007},{"text":"also","start":8203.136,"end":8203.46},{"text":"secure","start":8203.46,"end":8204.221},{"text":"the","start":8204.27,"end":8204.529},{"text":"transit","start":8205.583,"end":8206.243},{"text":"waterways.","start":8206.243,"end":8206.787}]},{"text":"These transit, such as the Hormuz, is essential to ensure that these goods reach international market.","start":8208.12,"end":8219.024,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8208.12,"end":8208.265},{"text":"transit,","start":8208.522,"end":8209.197},{"text":"such","start":8209.519,"end":8209.969},{"text":"as","start":8210.049,"end":8210.274},{"text":"the","start":8211.351,"end":8211.593},{"text":"Hormuz,","start":8212.702,"end":8213.248},{"text":"is","start":8214.181,"end":8214.293},{"text":"essential","start":8214.39,"end":8215.017},{"text":"to","start":8215.033,"end":8215.081},{"text":"ensure","start":8215.129,"end":8215.483},{"text":"that","start":8215.58,"end":8215.741},{"text":"these","start":8215.774,"end":8216.194},{"text":"goods","start":8217.132,"end":8217.439},{"text":"reach","start":8217.568,"end":8217.811},{"text":"international","start":8217.876,"end":8218.668},{"text":"market.","start":8218.668,"end":8219.024}]},{"text":"This is why we should strengthen international cooperation to protect natural resources and vital waterways and to ensure that they are secured from threats that threaten international trade.","start":8219.088,"end":8230.201,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8219.088,"end":8219.315},{"text":"is","start":8219.315,"end":8219.379},{"text":"why","start":8219.412,"end":8219.654},{"text":"we","start":8219.654,"end":8219.735},{"text":"should","start":8219.751,"end":8219.994},{"text":"strengthen","start":8219.994,"end":8220.592},{"text":"international","start":8220.608,"end":8221.255},{"text":"cooperation","start":8221.255,"end":8221.886},{"text":"to","start":8221.918,"end":8222.047},{"text":"protect","start":8222.08,"end":8222.549},{"text":"natural","start":8222.549,"end":8222.888},{"text":"resources","start":8222.888,"end":8223.503},{"text":"and","start":8223.6,"end":8223.68},{"text":"vital","start":8223.761,"end":8224.182},{"text":"waterways","start":8224.182,"end":8224.715},{"text":"and","start":8224.909,"end":8224.974},{"text":"to","start":8225.071,"end":8225.152},{"text":"ensure","start":8225.152,"end":8225.491},{"text":"that","start":8225.555,"end":8225.733},{"text":"they","start":8225.733,"end":8225.797},{"text":"are","start":8225.942,"end":8226.104},{"text":"secured","start":8226.104,"end":8226.571},{"text":"from","start":8227.33,"end":8227.669},{"text":"threats","start":8227.798,"end":8228.169},{"text":"that","start":8228.378,"end":8228.604},{"text":"threaten","start":8228.604,"end":8228.975},{"text":"international","start":8229.104,"end":8229.814},{"text":"trade.","start":8229.83,"end":8230.201}]},{"text":"Second, Supply chains of mineral resources are being increasingly penetrated by criminal organized networks and by terrorist groups.","start":8231.524,"end":8242.892,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8231.524,"end":8231.895},{"text":"Supply","start":8234.082,"end":8234.58},{"text":"chains","start":8234.612,"end":8234.917},{"text":"of","start":8235.109,"end":8235.238},{"text":"mineral","start":8235.334,"end":8235.767},{"text":"resources","start":8235.912,"end":8236.602},{"text":"are","start":8236.794,"end":8237.019},{"text":"being","start":8237.019,"end":8237.163},{"text":"increasingly","start":8237.34,"end":8238.062},{"text":"penetrated","start":8238.062,"end":8238.961},{"text":"by","start":8239.201,"end":8239.394},{"text":"criminal","start":8239.667,"end":8240.18},{"text":"organized","start":8240.309,"end":8240.95},{"text":"networks","start":8240.966,"end":8241.673},{"text":"and","start":8241.689,"end":8241.769},{"text":"by","start":8241.849,"end":8242.01},{"text":"terrorist","start":8242.01,"end":8242.555},{"text":"groups.","start":8242.571,"end":8242.892}]},{"text":"These groups benefit from weak monitoring and regulatory gaps.","start":8243.935,"end":8249.873,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8243.935,"end":8244.144},{"text":"groups","start":8244.401,"end":8244.898},{"text":"benefit","start":8244.978,"end":8245.524},{"text":"from","start":8245.524,"end":8245.829},{"text":"weak","start":8245.861,"end":8246.182},{"text":"monitoring","start":8247.385,"end":8247.995},{"text":"and","start":8248.492,"end":8248.573},{"text":"regulatory","start":8248.685,"end":8249.359},{"text":"gaps.","start":8249.455,"end":8249.873}]},{"text":"This penetration and infiltration weaken governance and lead to international market disruption.","start":8250.354,"end":8257.222,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8250.354,"end":8250.627},{"text":"penetration","start":8250.739,"end":8251.573},{"text":"and","start":8251.702,"end":8251.766},{"text":"infiltration","start":8251.943,"end":8252.729},{"text":"weaken","start":8253.002,"end":8253.692},{"text":"governance","start":8253.724,"end":8254.366},{"text":"and","start":8254.446,"end":8254.687},{"text":"lead","start":8254.687,"end":8254.975},{"text":"to","start":8255.008,"end":8255.152},{"text":"international","start":8255.152,"end":8256.035},{"text":"market","start":8256.211,"end":8256.612},{"text":"disruption.","start":8256.676,"end":8257.222}]},{"text":"This is why we underscore the importance of strengthening monitoring and cooperation frameworks for effective monitoring mechanisms.","start":8257.655,"end":8266.049,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8257.655,"end":8257.784},{"text":"is","start":8257.896,"end":8257.944},{"text":"why","start":8258.056,"end":8258.153},{"text":"we","start":8258.442,"end":8258.602},{"text":"underscore","start":8258.682,"end":8259.276},{"text":"the","start":8259.276,"end":8259.404},{"text":"importance","start":8259.404,"end":8261.699},{"text":"of","start":8259.982,"end":8260.11},{"text":"strengthening","start":8260.223,"end":8260.752},{"text":"monitoring","start":8260.849,"end":8261.394},{"text":"and","start":8261.571,"end":8261.699},{"text":"cooperation","start":8261.748,"end":8262.357},{"text":"frameworks","start":8262.534,"end":8263.16},{"text":"for","start":8263.16,"end":8263.208},{"text":"effective","start":8263.208,"end":8264.011},{"text":"monitoring","start":8264.572,"end":8265.15},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":8265.359,"end":8266.049}]},{"text":"We must also strengthen financial accountability and monitoring.","start":8266.402,"end":8270.703,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8266.402,"end":8266.498},{"text":"must","start":8266.498,"end":8266.819},{"text":"also","start":8266.883,"end":8267.333},{"text":"strengthen","start":8267.381,"end":8267.959},{"text":"financial","start":8268.553,"end":8269.082},{"text":"accountability","start":8269.13,"end":8269.949},{"text":"and","start":8270.077,"end":8270.222},{"text":"monitoring.","start":8270.318,"end":8270.703}]},{"text":"We must also leverage existing international frameworks to ensure that natural resources are not exploited by these groups and networks.","start":8270.96,"end":8279.258,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8270.96,"end":8270.992},{"text":"must","start":8270.992,"end":8271.281},{"text":"also","start":8271.361,"end":8271.698},{"text":"leverage","start":8271.698,"end":8272.164},{"text":"existing","start":8272.244,"end":8272.79},{"text":"international","start":8272.902,"end":8273.672},{"text":"frameworks","start":8273.688,"end":8274.266},{"text":"to","start":8274.523,"end":8274.635},{"text":"ensure","start":8274.732,"end":8275.101},{"text":"that","start":8275.39,"end":8275.598},{"text":"natural","start":8275.711,"end":8276.096},{"text":"resources","start":8276.096,"end":8276.706},{"text":"are","start":8276.818,"end":8276.85},{"text":"not","start":8276.85,"end":8277.139},{"text":"exploited","start":8277.139,"end":8277.765},{"text":"by","start":8277.797,"end":8277.958},{"text":"these","start":8277.958,"end":8278.182},{"text":"groups","start":8278.214,"end":8278.584},{"text":"and","start":8278.584,"end":8278.728},{"text":"networks.","start":8278.76,"end":8279.258}]},{"text":"In conclusion, it's important for any international framework to strengthen transparency and the official management and responsible governance of natural resources.","start":8279.627,"end":8288.839,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8279.627,"end":8279.675},{"text":"conclusion,","start":8279.723,"end":8280.317},{"text":"it's","start":8280.461,"end":8280.686},{"text":"important","start":8280.686,"end":8281.392},{"text":"for","start":8281.392,"end":8281.681},{"text":"any","start":8281.713,"end":8281.874},{"text":"international","start":8281.954,"end":8282.773},{"text":"framework","start":8282.773,"end":8283.318},{"text":"to","start":8283.318,"end":8283.382},{"text":"strengthen","start":8283.414,"end":8283.864},{"text":"transparency","start":8283.96,"end":8284.859},{"text":"and","start":8285.244,"end":8285.324},{"text":"the","start":8285.405,"end":8285.549},{"text":"official","start":8285.581,"end":8286.031},{"text":"management","start":8286.047,"end":8286.689},{"text":"and","start":8286.945,"end":8287.01},{"text":"responsible","start":8287.09,"end":8287.796},{"text":"governance","start":8287.828,"end":8288.374},{"text":"of","start":8288.374,"end":8288.518},{"text":"natural","start":8288.534,"end":8288.679},{"text":"resources.","start":8288.679,"end":8288.839}]},{"text":"Resources in full respect of state sovereignty over natural resources.","start":8288.92,"end":8292.77,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Resources","start":8288.92,"end":8289.401},{"text":"in","start":8289.513,"end":8289.561},{"text":"full","start":8289.674,"end":8289.802},{"text":"respect","start":8289.802,"end":8290.46},{"text":"of","start":8290.476,"end":8290.604},{"text":"state","start":8290.62,"end":8290.893},{"text":"sovereignty","start":8290.893,"end":8291.454},{"text":"over","start":8291.519,"end":8291.759},{"text":"natural","start":8291.759,"end":8292.224},{"text":"resources.","start":8292.224,"end":8292.77}]},{"text":"In addition, this framework must be inclusive and flexible in order to take into account the different national priorities and circumstances.","start":8293.203,"end":8302.316,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8293.203,"end":8293.251},{"text":"addition,","start":8293.364,"end":8293.733},{"text":"this","start":8294.326,"end":8294.503},{"text":"framework","start":8294.647,"end":8295.209},{"text":"must","start":8295.225,"end":8295.401},{"text":"be","start":8295.465,"end":8295.594},{"text":"inclusive","start":8295.61,"end":8296.219},{"text":"and","start":8296.251,"end":8296.364},{"text":"flexible","start":8296.412,"end":8297.005},{"text":"in","start":8297.519,"end":8297.567},{"text":"order","start":8297.759,"end":8298.096},{"text":"to","start":8298.096,"end":8298.257},{"text":"take","start":8298.257,"end":8298.481},{"text":"into","start":8298.497,"end":8298.77},{"text":"account","start":8298.818,"end":8299.252},{"text":"the","start":8299.444,"end":8299.54},{"text":"different","start":8299.54,"end":8300.038},{"text":"national","start":8300.038,"end":8300.583},{"text":"priorities","start":8300.583,"end":8301.273},{"text":"and","start":8301.369,"end":8301.449},{"text":"circumstances.","start":8301.53,"end":8302.316}]},{"text":"It must be grounded into a multi-stakeholder international cooperation.","start":8302.428,"end":8307.835,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8302.428,"end":8302.589},{"text":"must","start":8302.589,"end":8302.781},{"text":"be","start":8302.829,"end":8302.909},{"text":"grounded","start":8302.909,"end":8303.359},{"text":"into","start":8304.113,"end":8304.53},{"text":"a","start":8305.236,"end":8305.252},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":8305.252,"end":8306.359},{"text":"international","start":8306.503,"end":8307.161},{"text":"cooperation.","start":8307.161,"end":8307.835}]},{"text":"In conclusion, the responsible management of natural resources grounded in cooperation, transparency, and respect of state sovereignty is essential to support international peace and security.","start":8308.204,"end":8319.346,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8308.204,"end":8308.252},{"text":"conclusion,","start":8308.364,"end":8308.974},{"text":"the","start":8309.311,"end":8309.407},{"text":"responsible","start":8309.407,"end":8310.049},{"text":"management","start":8310.049,"end":8310.594},{"text":"of","start":8310.594,"end":8310.739},{"text":"natural","start":8310.771,"end":8311.172},{"text":"resources","start":8311.172,"end":8311.781},{"text":"grounded","start":8311.814,"end":8312.359},{"text":"in","start":8312.359,"end":8312.407},{"text":"cooperation,","start":8312.519,"end":8313.145},{"text":"transparency,","start":8313.257,"end":8314.028},{"text":"and","start":8314.124,"end":8314.204},{"text":"respect","start":8314.316,"end":8314.798},{"text":"of","start":8314.782,"end":8314.878},{"text":"state","start":8314.878,"end":8315.183},{"text":"sovereignty","start":8315.183,"end":8315.826},{"text":"is","start":8316.148,"end":8316.196},{"text":"essential","start":8316.324,"end":8316.919},{"text":"to","start":8316.935,"end":8317.032},{"text":"support","start":8317.032,"end":8317.578},{"text":"international","start":8317.578,"end":8318.237},{"text":"peace","start":8318.317,"end":8318.607},{"text":"and","start":8318.623,"end":8318.719},{"text":"security.","start":8318.783,"end":8319.346}]},{"text":"Natural resources must remain a driver of sustainable development and stability and must not be a driver of instability and conflict.","start":8320.021,"end":8329.187,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":8320.021,"end":8320.535},{"text":"resources","start":8320.535,"end":8321.178},{"text":"must","start":8321.307,"end":8321.612},{"text":"remain","start":8321.628,"end":8321.982},{"text":"a","start":8322.094,"end":8322.174},{"text":"driver","start":8322.174,"end":8322.753},{"text":"of","start":8322.882,"end":8323.107},{"text":"sustainable","start":8323.75,"end":8324.345},{"text":"development","start":8324.345,"end":8324.924},{"text":"and","start":8325.052,"end":8325.149},{"text":"stability","start":8325.149,"end":8325.792},{"text":"and","start":8325.873,"end":8325.937},{"text":"must","start":8326.034,"end":8326.355},{"text":"not","start":8326.355,"end":8326.645},{"text":"be","start":8326.661,"end":8326.79},{"text":"a","start":8326.902,"end":8326.918},{"text":"driver","start":8326.983,"end":8327.401},{"text":"of","start":8327.626,"end":8327.691},{"text":"instability","start":8327.803,"end":8328.495},{"text":"and","start":8328.591,"end":8328.672},{"text":"conflict.","start":8328.768,"end":8329.187}]},{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":8329.251,"end":8330.039,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8329.251,"end":8329.476},{"text":"you,","start":8329.476,"end":8329.54},{"text":"Mr.","start":8329.573,"end":8329.83},{"text":"President.","start":8329.878,"end":8330.039}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BHR","affiliation_full":"Bahrain","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":54,"start":8333.129,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8334","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Bahrain and I now give the floor to Denmark.","start":8333.129,"end":8335.72,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8333.129,"end":8333.194},{"text":"thank","start":8333.194,"end":8333.436},{"text":"Bahrain","start":8333.436,"end":8334.052},{"text":"and","start":8334.262,"end":8334.408},{"text":"I","start":8334.408,"end":8334.441},{"text":"now","start":8334.441,"end":8334.667},{"text":"give","start":8334.667,"end":8334.813},{"text":"the","start":8334.813,"end":8334.894},{"text":"floor","start":8334.894,"end":8335.072},{"text":"to","start":8335.072,"end":8335.25},{"text":"Denmark.","start":8335.25,"end":8335.72}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":55,"start":8337.45,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8338","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"To the presidency of DRC for convening this important meeting.","start":8337.45,"end":8340.327,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":8337.45,"end":8337.565},{"text":"the","start":8337.565,"end":8337.63},{"text":"presidency","start":8337.63,"end":8338.239},{"text":"of","start":8338.239,"end":8338.354},{"text":"DRC","start":8338.37,"end":8338.798},{"text":"for","start":8338.798,"end":8339.16},{"text":"convening","start":8339.193,"end":8339.587},{"text":"this","start":8339.62,"end":8339.702},{"text":"important","start":8339.702,"end":8340.114},{"text":"meeting.","start":8340.114,"end":8340.327}]},{"text":"Also, a special thank you and welcome to Her Excellency Foreign Minister Wagner for being here with us today, and to our briefers for their enlightening presentations.","start":8341.008,"end":8349.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Also,","start":8341.008,"end":8341.072},{"text":"a","start":8341.12,"end":8341.136},{"text":"special","start":8341.184,"end":8341.57},{"text":"thank","start":8341.57,"end":8341.81},{"text":"you","start":8341.81,"end":8341.842},{"text":"and","start":8341.842,"end":8341.955},{"text":"welcome","start":8341.971,"end":8342.292},{"text":"to","start":8342.388,"end":8342.533},{"text":"Her","start":8342.533,"end":8342.565},{"text":"Excellency","start":8342.693,"end":8343.239},{"text":"Foreign","start":8343.272,"end":8343.48},{"text":"Minister","start":8343.512,"end":8343.85},{"text":"Wagner","start":8343.85,"end":8344.155},{"text":"for","start":8344.155,"end":8344.379},{"text":"being","start":8344.379,"end":8344.524},{"text":"here","start":8344.556,"end":8344.749},{"text":"with","start":8344.797,"end":8344.909},{"text":"us","start":8344.957,"end":8345.102},{"text":"today,","start":8345.102,"end":8345.311},{"text":"and","start":8346.065,"end":8346.13},{"text":"to","start":8346.627,"end":8346.788},{"text":"our","start":8346.788,"end":8346.884},{"text":"briefers","start":8346.884,"end":8347.334},{"text":"for","start":8347.446,"end":8347.575},{"text":"their","start":8347.607,"end":8347.864},{"text":"enlightening","start":8347.944,"end":8348.458},{"text":"presentations.","start":8348.811,"end":8349.55}]},{"text":"As we've heard today, as demand for critical minerals rises in the context of, in particular, the energy transition, it is essential that natural resources become drivers of peace and development rather than sources of violence, instability, and exclusion.","start":8350.32,"end":8365.847,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8350.32,"end":8350.385},{"text":"we've","start":8350.481,"end":8350.625},{"text":"heard","start":8350.642,"end":8350.818},{"text":"today,","start":8350.818,"end":8351.22},{"text":"as","start":8351.862,"end":8351.99},{"text":"demand","start":8352.022,"end":8352.311},{"text":"for","start":8352.408,"end":8352.568},{"text":"critical","start":8352.568,"end":8352.889},{"text":"minerals","start":8352.889,"end":8353.275},{"text":"rises","start":8353.387,"end":8353.756},{"text":"in","start":8353.789,"end":8353.837},{"text":"the","start":8353.933,"end":8354.029},{"text":"context","start":8354.029,"end":8354.672},{"text":"of,","start":8354.736,"end":8354.816},{"text":"in","start":8355.314,"end":8355.362},{"text":"particular,","start":8355.394,"end":8355.94},{"text":"the","start":8355.956,"end":8356.181},{"text":"energy","start":8356.181,"end":8356.422},{"text":"transition,","start":8356.663,"end":8357.289},{"text":"it","start":8357.883,"end":8357.931},{"text":"is","start":8358.028,"end":8358.092},{"text":"essential","start":8358.204,"end":8358.75},{"text":"that","start":8358.766,"end":8358.862},{"text":"natural","start":8358.862,"end":8359.392},{"text":"resources","start":8359.392,"end":8360.019},{"text":"become","start":8360.372,"end":8360.693},{"text":"drivers","start":8360.693,"end":8361.143},{"text":"of","start":8361.191,"end":8361.303},{"text":"peace","start":8361.335,"end":8361.656},{"text":"and","start":8361.656,"end":8361.737},{"text":"development","start":8361.737,"end":8362.443},{"text":"rather","start":8362.941,"end":8363.182},{"text":"than","start":8363.182,"end":8363.342},{"text":"sources","start":8363.342,"end":8363.76},{"text":"of","start":8363.808,"end":8363.904},{"text":"violence,","start":8363.904,"end":8364.466},{"text":"instability,","start":8364.547,"end":8365.157},{"text":"and","start":8365.173,"end":8365.237},{"text":"exclusion.","start":8365.253,"end":8365.847}]},{"text":"And on that, I would like to make 3 points.","start":8367.276,"end":8368.882,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8367.276,"end":8367.34},{"text":"on","start":8367.421,"end":8367.501},{"text":"that,","start":8367.501,"end":8367.726},{"text":"I","start":8367.742,"end":8367.758},{"text":"would","start":8367.758,"end":8367.806},{"text":"like","start":8367.838,"end":8367.999},{"text":"to","start":8367.999,"end":8368.095},{"text":"make","start":8368.095,"end":8368.256},{"text":"3","start":8368.32,"end":8368.48},{"text":"points.","start":8368.545,"end":8368.882}]},{"text":"First, competition over natural resources has direct and devastating consequences for civilians.","start":8369.749,"end":8375.754,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":8369.749,"end":8370.166},{"text":"competition","start":8370.471,"end":8371.098},{"text":"over","start":8371.114,"end":8371.226},{"text":"natural","start":8371.226,"end":8371.708},{"text":"resources","start":8371.756,"end":8372.302},{"text":"has","start":8372.575,"end":8372.703},{"text":"direct","start":8372.816,"end":8373.426},{"text":"and","start":8373.458,"end":8373.522},{"text":"devastating","start":8373.602,"end":8374.068},{"text":"consequences","start":8374.164,"end":8374.871},{"text":"for","start":8375.144,"end":8375.256},{"text":"civilians.","start":8375.256,"end":8375.754}]},{"text":"In many conflict-affected settings, the illicit exploitation and trafficking of minerals, gold, timber, and other resources finance armed groups, fuel corruption, and prolong cycles of violence by removing incentives for conflict parties to pursue political solutions.","start":8376.733,"end":8393.256,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8376.733,"end":8376.83},{"text":"many","start":8376.83,"end":8377.039},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":8377.071,"end":8377.954},{"text":"settings,","start":8377.954,"end":8378.484},{"text":"the","start":8378.901,"end":8378.997},{"text":"illicit","start":8378.997,"end":8379.335},{"text":"exploitation","start":8379.335,"end":8379.993},{"text":"and","start":8380.025,"end":8380.121},{"text":"trafficking","start":8380.121,"end":8380.651},{"text":"of","start":8380.844,"end":8380.892},{"text":"minerals,","start":8381.085,"end":8381.534},{"text":"gold,","start":8381.872,"end":8382.257},{"text":"timber,","start":8382.61,"end":8383.092},{"text":"and","start":8383.333,"end":8383.397},{"text":"other","start":8383.477,"end":8383.638},{"text":"resources","start":8383.638,"end":8384.264},{"text":"finance","start":8384.698,"end":8385.243},{"text":"armed","start":8385.324,"end":8385.549},{"text":"groups,","start":8385.565,"end":8385.854},{"text":"fuel","start":8386.287,"end":8386.512},{"text":"corruption,","start":8386.608,"end":8387.074},{"text":"and","start":8387.427,"end":8387.491},{"text":"prolong","start":8387.507,"end":8387.796},{"text":"cycles","start":8387.893,"end":8388.246},{"text":"of","start":8388.246,"end":8388.391},{"text":"violence","start":8388.391,"end":8388.872},{"text":"by","start":8388.872,"end":8388.985},{"text":"removing","start":8389.033,"end":8389.595},{"text":"incentives","start":8389.595,"end":8390.205},{"text":"for","start":8390.622,"end":8390.719},{"text":"conflict","start":8390.719,"end":8391.184},{"text":"parties","start":8391.184,"end":8391.49},{"text":"to","start":8391.827,"end":8391.923},{"text":"pursue","start":8391.923,"end":8392.308},{"text":"political","start":8392.308,"end":8392.726},{"text":"solutions.","start":8392.726,"end":8393.256}]},{"text":"We see this, as we've heard today, in the Great Lakes region, the Sudan, in West Africa, but also in Latin America and beyond.","start":8393.994,"end":8400.674,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8393.994,"end":8394.091},{"text":"see","start":8394.091,"end":8394.251},{"text":"this,","start":8394.251,"end":8394.444},{"text":"as","start":8394.653,"end":8394.701},{"text":"we've","start":8394.733,"end":8394.877},{"text":"heard","start":8394.877,"end":8395.022},{"text":"today,","start":8395.038,"end":8395.295},{"text":"in","start":8395.359,"end":8395.439},{"text":"the","start":8395.439,"end":8395.52},{"text":"Great","start":8395.52,"end":8395.777},{"text":"Lakes","start":8395.777,"end":8396.082},{"text":"region,","start":8396.082,"end":8396.451},{"text":"the","start":8396.804,"end":8396.885},{"text":"Sudan,","start":8396.885,"end":8397.27},{"text":"in","start":8397.382,"end":8397.43},{"text":"West","start":8397.527,"end":8397.768},{"text":"Africa,","start":8397.768,"end":8398.121},{"text":"but","start":8398.185,"end":8398.346},{"text":"also","start":8398.41,"end":8398.731},{"text":"in","start":8398.747,"end":8398.795},{"text":"Latin","start":8398.892,"end":8399.116},{"text":"America","start":8399.149,"end":8399.694},{"text":"and","start":8400.032,"end":8400.096},{"text":"beyond.","start":8400.192,"end":8400.674}]},{"text":"Control over mines, transport routes, and trading hubs often translates into control over populations.","start":8401.862,"end":8407.546,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Control","start":8401.862,"end":8402.424},{"text":"over","start":8402.456,"end":8402.617},{"text":"mines,","start":8402.617,"end":8403.05},{"text":"transport","start":8403.307,"end":8403.869},{"text":"routes,","start":8403.869,"end":8404.078},{"text":"and","start":8404.126,"end":8404.19},{"text":"trading","start":8404.271,"end":8404.56},{"text":"hubs","start":8404.672,"end":8404.897},{"text":"often","start":8405.154,"end":8405.411},{"text":"translates","start":8405.411,"end":8406.005},{"text":"into","start":8406.053,"end":8406.213},{"text":"control","start":8406.278,"end":8406.567},{"text":"over","start":8406.695,"end":8406.856},{"text":"populations.","start":8406.92,"end":8407.546}]},{"text":"Where revenues from natural resource exploitation fuel cycles of armed conflicts, civilians are displaced, livelihoods are destroyed, and access to land and basic services is undermined.","start":8408.365,"end":8418.919,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":8408.365,"end":8408.526},{"text":"revenues","start":8408.526,"end":8408.991},{"text":"from","start":8409.088,"end":8409.168},{"text":"natural","start":8409.184,"end":8409.585},{"text":"resource","start":8409.585,"end":8409.987},{"text":"exploitation","start":8409.987,"end":8410.549},{"text":"fuel","start":8410.549,"end":8410.79},{"text":"cycles","start":8410.806,"end":8411.239},{"text":"of","start":8411.271,"end":8411.416},{"text":"armed","start":8411.416,"end":8411.608},{"text":"conflicts,","start":8411.657,"end":8412.09},{"text":"civilians","start":8412.572,"end":8412.925},{"text":"are","start":8413.037,"end":8413.182},{"text":"displaced,","start":8413.182,"end":8413.84},{"text":"livelihoods","start":8414.306,"end":8414.82},{"text":"are","start":8414.82,"end":8414.884},{"text":"destroyed,","start":8414.884,"end":8415.446},{"text":"and","start":8415.912,"end":8415.992},{"text":"access","start":8416.088,"end":8416.409},{"text":"to","start":8416.409,"end":8416.538},{"text":"land","start":8416.57,"end":8416.891},{"text":"and","start":8416.891,"end":8418.914},{"text":"basic","start":8417.052,"end":8417.454},{"text":"services","start":8417.454,"end":8417.985},{"text":"is","start":8418.275,"end":8418.404},{"text":"undermined.","start":8418.42,"end":8418.919}]},{"text":"I want to particularly highlight here that women and girls are particularly exposed to rape, sexual exploitation, and abuse at mining sites and along trafficking routes.","start":8420.448,"end":8429.372,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8420.448,"end":8420.465},{"text":"want","start":8420.513,"end":8420.642},{"text":"to","start":8420.642,"end":8420.69},{"text":"particularly","start":8420.754,"end":8421.865},{"text":"highlight","start":8421.865,"end":8422.203},{"text":"here","start":8422.203,"end":8422.364},{"text":"that","start":8422.364,"end":8422.638},{"text":"women","start":8422.67,"end":8422.879},{"text":"and","start":8422.928,"end":8423.008},{"text":"girls","start":8423.008,"end":8423.266},{"text":"are","start":8423.266,"end":8423.314},{"text":"particularly","start":8423.33,"end":8423.942},{"text":"exposed","start":8424.038,"end":8424.393},{"text":"to","start":8424.393,"end":8424.586},{"text":"rape,","start":8424.602,"end":8424.956},{"text":"sexual","start":8425.036,"end":8425.503},{"text":"exploitation,","start":8425.503,"end":8426.179},{"text":"and","start":8426.453,"end":8426.55},{"text":"abuse","start":8426.55,"end":8426.872},{"text":"at","start":8426.872,"end":8426.969},{"text":"mining","start":8427.017,"end":8427.307},{"text":"sites","start":8427.356,"end":8427.695},{"text":"and","start":8428.082,"end":8428.146},{"text":"along","start":8428.227,"end":8428.453},{"text":"trafficking","start":8428.55,"end":8429.018},{"text":"routes.","start":8429.114,"end":8429.372}]},{"text":"Illicit trafficking, armed group financing, and sexual violence are therefore part of the same political economy of conflict, making civilian protection central to any effective response.","start":8430.163,"end":8441.572,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Illicit","start":8430.163,"end":8430.679},{"text":"trafficking,","start":8431.05,"end":8431.518},{"text":"armed","start":8432.341,"end":8432.502},{"text":"group","start":8432.502,"end":8432.68},{"text":"financing,","start":8432.68,"end":8433.293},{"text":"and","start":8433.47,"end":8433.583},{"text":"sexual","start":8433.583,"end":8433.938},{"text":"violence","start":8434.035,"end":8434.454},{"text":"are","start":8434.454,"end":8434.535},{"text":"therefore","start":8434.535,"end":8434.858},{"text":"part","start":8434.858,"end":8435.035},{"text":"of","start":8435.035,"end":8435.116},{"text":"the","start":8435.164,"end":8435.197},{"text":"same","start":8435.197,"end":8435.632},{"text":"political","start":8435.745,"end":8436.229},{"text":"economy","start":8436.229,"end":8436.536},{"text":"of","start":8436.536,"end":8436.568},{"text":"conflict,","start":8436.633,"end":8437.137},{"text":"making","start":8437.673,"end":8438.014},{"text":"civilian","start":8438.014,"end":8438.485},{"text":"protection","start":8438.567,"end":8439.07},{"text":"central","start":8439.07,"end":8439.623},{"text":"to","start":8439.882,"end":8440.012},{"text":"any","start":8440.191,"end":8440.419},{"text":"effective","start":8440.516,"end":8440.987},{"text":"response.","start":8441.02,"end":8441.572}]},{"text":"Second, there is a clear need, as we also heard several times this morning, for better implementation and coordination of the increasingly complex set of existing frameworks.","start":8442.598,"end":8453.412,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8442.598,"end":8443.112},{"text":"there","start":8443.69,"end":8443.803},{"text":"is","start":8443.851,"end":8443.915},{"text":"a","start":8443.964,"end":8444.092},{"text":"clear","start":8444.092,"end":8444.269},{"text":"need,","start":8444.269,"end":8444.446},{"text":"as","start":8444.51,"end":8444.558},{"text":"we","start":8444.655,"end":8444.751},{"text":"also","start":8444.751,"end":8444.976},{"text":"heard","start":8444.976,"end":8445.12},{"text":"several","start":8445.153,"end":8445.426},{"text":"times","start":8445.474,"end":8445.715},{"text":"this","start":8445.715,"end":8445.86},{"text":"morning,","start":8445.86,"end":8446.727},{"text":"for","start":8447.242,"end":8447.45},{"text":"better","start":8447.467,"end":8447.708},{"text":"implementation","start":8447.708,"end":8448.415},{"text":"and","start":8448.993,"end":8449.122},{"text":"coordination","start":8449.17,"end":8449.78},{"text":"of","start":8450.359,"end":8450.423},{"text":"the","start":8450.455,"end":8450.52},{"text":"increasingly","start":8450.52,"end":8451.066},{"text":"complex","start":8451.162,"end":8451.66},{"text":"set","start":8451.66,"end":8451.95},{"text":"of","start":8452.207,"end":8452.255},{"text":"existing","start":8452.303,"end":8452.753},{"text":"frameworks.","start":8452.85,"end":8453.412}]},{"text":"The international community already has important tools at its disposal, such as the Kimberley Process, the Great Lakes Regional Certification Mechanism, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, and OECD's Due Diligence guidance.","start":8454.231,"end":8468.998,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8454.231,"end":8454.312},{"text":"international","start":8454.312,"end":8454.81},{"text":"community","start":8454.81,"end":8455.324},{"text":"already","start":8455.822,"end":8456.095},{"text":"has","start":8456.144,"end":8456.369},{"text":"important","start":8456.401,"end":8457.027},{"text":"tools","start":8457.027,"end":8457.349},{"text":"at","start":8457.349,"end":8457.574},{"text":"its","start":8457.702,"end":8457.927},{"text":"disposal,","start":8457.927,"end":8458.875},{"text":"such","start":8459.47,"end":8459.663},{"text":"as","start":8459.711,"end":8459.823},{"text":"the","start":8459.856,"end":8459.936},{"text":"Kimberley","start":8459.936,"end":8460.338},{"text":"Process,","start":8460.338,"end":8460.836},{"text":"the","start":8461.382,"end":8461.527},{"text":"Great","start":8461.527,"end":8461.784},{"text":"Lakes","start":8461.784,"end":8461.977},{"text":"Regional","start":8462.025,"end":8462.362},{"text":"Certification","start":8462.362,"end":8463.134},{"text":"Mechanism,","start":8463.134,"end":8463.68},{"text":"the","start":8464.274,"end":8464.339},{"text":"Extractive","start":8464.339,"end":8464.821},{"text":"Industries","start":8464.837,"end":8465.206},{"text":"Transparency","start":8465.239,"end":8465.978},{"text":"Initiative,","start":8465.978,"end":8466.492},{"text":"and","start":8467.07,"end":8467.247},{"text":"OECD's","start":8467.247,"end":8467.81},{"text":"Due","start":8467.81,"end":8467.97},{"text":"Diligence","start":8467.97,"end":8470.172},{"text":"guidance.","start":8468.533,"end":8468.998}]},{"text":"And the Security Council also has many tools at its disposal, from sanctions regimes, panels of experts, and reporting mandates, to peace operations.","start":8469.978,"end":8478.748,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8469.978,"end":8470.042},{"text":"the","start":8470.058,"end":8470.123},{"text":"Security","start":8470.123,"end":8470.508},{"text":"Council","start":8470.524,"end":8470.846},{"text":"also","start":8470.846,"end":8471.07},{"text":"has","start":8471.086,"end":8471.151},{"text":"many","start":8471.247,"end":8471.424},{"text":"tools","start":8471.424,"end":8471.713},{"text":"at","start":8471.906,"end":8472.066},{"text":"its","start":8472.243,"end":8472.355},{"text":"disposal,","start":8472.548,"end":8473.11},{"text":"from","start":8473.656,"end":8473.769},{"text":"sanctions","start":8473.817,"end":8474.235},{"text":"regimes,","start":8474.251,"end":8474.765},{"text":"panels","start":8475.022,"end":8475.375},{"text":"of","start":8475.375,"end":8475.487},{"text":"experts,","start":8475.584,"end":8476.162},{"text":"and","start":8476.403,"end":8476.467},{"text":"reporting","start":8476.548,"end":8476.933},{"text":"mandates,","start":8476.949,"end":8477.447},{"text":"to","start":8477.752,"end":8477.849},{"text":"peace","start":8477.849,"end":8478.154},{"text":"operations.","start":8478.154,"end":8478.748}]},{"text":"The Council can strengthen monitoring of trafficking networks and expose links between illicit resource flows and armed groups.","start":8479.278,"end":8485.88,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8479.278,"end":8479.374},{"text":"Council","start":8479.374,"end":8479.824},{"text":"can","start":8479.84,"end":8480.081},{"text":"strengthen","start":8480.081,"end":8480.451},{"text":"monitoring","start":8480.451,"end":8480.9},{"text":"of","start":8480.981,"end":8481.061},{"text":"trafficking","start":8481.061,"end":8481.479},{"text":"networks","start":8481.527,"end":8481.977},{"text":"and","start":8482.346,"end":8482.41},{"text":"expose","start":8482.426,"end":8482.796},{"text":"links","start":8482.828,"end":8483.069},{"text":"between","start":8483.069,"end":8483.39},{"text":"illicit","start":8483.39,"end":8483.856},{"text":"resource","start":8483.856,"end":8484.273},{"text":"flows","start":8484.273,"end":8484.723},{"text":"and","start":8485.141,"end":8485.301},{"text":"armed","start":8485.382,"end":8485.542},{"text":"groups.","start":8485.542,"end":8485.88}]},{"text":"The challenge is, of course, that these instruments remain fragmented, unevenly implemented, and often burdensome for producing countries.","start":8487.004,"end":8494.039,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8487.004,"end":8487.084},{"text":"challenge","start":8487.084,"end":8487.454},{"text":"is,","start":8487.486,"end":8487.534},{"text":"of","start":8487.63,"end":8487.695},{"text":"course,","start":8487.727,"end":8487.968},{"text":"that","start":8488.048,"end":8488.193},{"text":"these","start":8488.193,"end":8488.337},{"text":"instruments","start":8488.45,"end":8488.915},{"text":"remain","start":8488.915,"end":8489.14},{"text":"fragmented,","start":8489.172,"end":8489.895},{"text":"unevenly","start":8490.522,"end":8490.987},{"text":"implemented,","start":8491.036,"end":8491.662},{"text":"and","start":8491.742,"end":8491.807},{"text":"often","start":8491.887,"end":8492.192},{"text":"burdensome","start":8492.224,"end":8492.674},{"text":"for","start":8493.108,"end":8493.252},{"text":"producing","start":8493.252,"end":8493.638},{"text":"countries.","start":8493.734,"end":8494.039}]},{"text":"So the priority should be to make more systematic use of these existing tools while improving coordination with regional organizations and relevant due diligence and traceability mechanisms.","start":8494.89,"end":8505.728,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":8494.89,"end":8495.035},{"text":"the","start":8495.035,"end":8495.308},{"text":"priority","start":8495.356,"end":8495.757},{"text":"should","start":8495.757,"end":8495.934},{"text":"be","start":8495.982,"end":8496.078},{"text":"to","start":8496.078,"end":8496.207},{"text":"make","start":8496.223,"end":8496.48},{"text":"more","start":8496.48,"end":8496.592},{"text":"systematic","start":8496.64,"end":8497.202},{"text":"use","start":8497.202,"end":8497.395},{"text":"of","start":8497.524,"end":8497.652},{"text":"these","start":8497.668,"end":8497.813},{"text":"existing","start":8497.845,"end":8498.278},{"text":"tools","start":8498.326,"end":8498.776},{"text":"while","start":8499.274,"end":8499.482},{"text":"improving","start":8499.531,"end":8499.9},{"text":"coordination","start":8499.932,"end":8500.43},{"text":"with","start":8500.478,"end":8500.558},{"text":"regional","start":8500.638,"end":8500.895},{"text":"organizations","start":8500.895,"end":8501.634},{"text":"and","start":8502.485,"end":8502.597},{"text":"relevant","start":8502.662,"end":8503.079},{"text":"due","start":8503.079,"end":8503.288},{"text":"diligence","start":8503.288,"end":8503.77},{"text":"and","start":8504.107,"end":8504.171},{"text":"traceability","start":8504.251,"end":8504.958},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":8505.215,"end":8505.728}]},{"text":"Technical assistance, capacity building, and support for local producers are also necessary to facilitate responsible market access.","start":8506.579,"end":8514.704,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Technical","start":8506.579,"end":8506.997},{"text":"assistance,","start":8506.997,"end":8507.719},{"text":"capacity","start":8507.864,"end":8508.362},{"text":"building,","start":8508.362,"end":8508.651},{"text":"and","start":8509.148,"end":8509.309},{"text":"support","start":8509.309,"end":8509.646},{"text":"for","start":8509.646,"end":8509.791},{"text":"local","start":8509.791,"end":8510.032},{"text":"producers","start":8510.032,"end":8510.578},{"text":"are","start":8510.915,"end":8510.995},{"text":"also","start":8510.995,"end":8511.188},{"text":"necessary","start":8511.188,"end":8511.798},{"text":"to","start":8511.798,"end":8511.894},{"text":"facilitate","start":8511.894,"end":8512.713},{"text":"responsible","start":8512.761,"end":8513.532},{"text":"market","start":8513.644,"end":8514.126},{"text":"access.","start":8514.206,"end":8514.704}]},{"text":"Denmark is a firm supporter of the call of the Secretary-General for strengthened international Corporation to address this issue and has offered our support to the establishment of the Task Force on Critical Energy Transition Minerals.","start":8515.667,"end":8527.422,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Denmark","start":8515.667,"end":8515.973},{"text":"is","start":8515.973,"end":8516.085},{"text":"a","start":8516.085,"end":8516.101},{"text":"firm","start":8516.149,"end":8516.342},{"text":"supporter","start":8516.39,"end":8516.759},{"text":"of","start":8516.775,"end":8516.888},{"text":"the","start":8516.888,"end":8517.016},{"text":"call","start":8517.016,"end":8517.369},{"text":"of","start":8517.434,"end":8517.514},{"text":"the","start":8517.514,"end":8517.61},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":8517.61,"end":8518.349},{"text":"for","start":8518.702,"end":8518.799},{"text":"strengthened","start":8518.799,"end":8519.216},{"text":"international","start":8519.216,"end":8519.698},{"text":"Corporation","start":8519.65,"end":8520.194},{"text":"to","start":8520.242,"end":8520.323},{"text":"address","start":8520.323,"end":8520.643},{"text":"this","start":8520.643,"end":8520.771},{"text":"issue","start":8520.867,"end":8521.14},{"text":"and","start":8521.669,"end":8521.749},{"text":"has","start":8521.749,"end":8521.861},{"text":"offered","start":8521.989,"end":8522.197},{"text":"our","start":8522.197,"end":8522.326},{"text":"support","start":8522.326,"end":8522.822},{"text":"to","start":8523.207,"end":8523.303},{"text":"the","start":8523.303,"end":8523.351},{"text":"establishment","start":8523.367,"end":8524.008},{"text":"of","start":8524.008,"end":8524.088},{"text":"the","start":8524.088,"end":8524.233},{"text":"Task","start":8524.233,"end":8524.569},{"text":"Force","start":8524.569,"end":8524.922},{"text":"on","start":8525.05,"end":8525.098},{"text":"Critical","start":8525.194,"end":8525.595},{"text":"Energy","start":8525.595,"end":8525.899},{"text":"Transition","start":8526.252,"end":8526.701},{"text":"Minerals.","start":8527.037,"end":8527.422}]},{"text":"Third and finally, countries rich in natural resources must be the first to benefit from them.","start":8528.479,"end":8534.232,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":8528.479,"end":8528.672},{"text":"and","start":8528.672,"end":8528.816},{"text":"finally,","start":8528.816,"end":8529.184},{"text":"countries","start":8530.563,"end":8530.947},{"text":"rich","start":8530.979,"end":8531.188},{"text":"in","start":8531.22,"end":8531.268},{"text":"natural","start":8531.364,"end":8531.748},{"text":"resources","start":8531.764,"end":8532.229},{"text":"must","start":8532.341,"end":8532.582},{"text":"be","start":8532.582,"end":8532.726},{"text":"the","start":8532.726,"end":8532.806},{"text":"first","start":8532.806,"end":8533.351},{"text":"to","start":8533.447,"end":8533.543},{"text":"benefit","start":8533.543,"end":8533.944},{"text":"from","start":8533.944,"end":8534.072},{"text":"them.","start":8534.168,"end":8534.232}]},{"text":"Natural health cannot continue to generate insecurity locally while most value is captured elsewhere.","start":8535.05,"end":8541.876,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":8535.05,"end":8535.338},{"text":"health","start":8535.386,"end":8535.643},{"text":"cannot","start":8536.588,"end":8536.925},{"text":"continue","start":8536.989,"end":8537.373},{"text":"to","start":8537.373,"end":8537.469},{"text":"generate","start":8537.469,"end":8538.014},{"text":"insecurity","start":8538.014,"end":8538.559},{"text":"locally","start":8538.575,"end":8538.96},{"text":"while","start":8539.633,"end":8539.793},{"text":"most","start":8539.793,"end":8540.146},{"text":"value","start":8540.194,"end":8540.498},{"text":"is","start":8540.53,"end":8540.642},{"text":"captured","start":8540.674,"end":8541.283},{"text":"elsewhere.","start":8541.46,"end":8541.876}]},{"text":"A more coherent approach must promote fair revenue sharing, transparency, good governance, local value addition, job creation, and tangible benefits for affected communities.","start":8542.678,"end":8553.8,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":8542.678,"end":8542.694},{"text":"more","start":8542.694,"end":8542.918},{"text":"coherent","start":8542.918,"end":8543.367},{"text":"approach","start":8543.383,"end":8543.687},{"text":"must","start":8544.04,"end":8544.2},{"text":"promote","start":8544.2,"end":8544.568},{"text":"fair","start":8544.665,"end":8544.873},{"text":"revenue","start":8544.937,"end":8545.258},{"text":"sharing,","start":8545.242,"end":8545.611},{"text":"transparency,","start":8546.044,"end":8546.815},{"text":"good","start":8547.249,"end":8547.409},{"text":"governance,","start":8547.409,"end":8547.907},{"text":"local","start":8548.357,"end":8548.646},{"text":"value","start":8548.694,"end":8548.999},{"text":"addition,","start":8548.999,"end":8549.304},{"text":"job","start":8549.818,"end":8550.043},{"text":"creation,","start":8550.059,"end":8550.492},{"text":"and","start":8551.006,"end":8551.167},{"text":"tangible","start":8551.167,"end":8551.616},{"text":"benefits","start":8551.728,"end":8552.323},{"text":"for","start":8552.451,"end":8552.547},{"text":"affected","start":8552.547,"end":8553.077},{"text":"communities.","start":8553.27,"end":8553.8}]},{"text":"If natural resources are to support lasting peace, they must contribute not only to global supply chains but also to the prosperity, sovereignty, and development of producing states and local populations themselves.","start":8554.972,"end":8568.09,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":8554.972,"end":8555.052},{"text":"natural","start":8555.116,"end":8555.47},{"text":"resources","start":8555.502,"end":8556.016},{"text":"are","start":8556.064,"end":8556.176},{"text":"to","start":8556.224,"end":8556.321},{"text":"support","start":8556.321,"end":8556.706},{"text":"lasting","start":8556.706,"end":8557.011},{"text":"peace,","start":8557.107,"end":8557.477},{"text":"they","start":8557.83,"end":8557.91},{"text":"must","start":8557.91,"end":8558.247},{"text":"contribute","start":8558.247,"end":8558.938},{"text":"not","start":8559.355,"end":8559.612},{"text":"only","start":8559.612,"end":8559.789},{"text":"to","start":8559.789,"end":8559.933},{"text":"global","start":8559.933,"end":8560.206},{"text":"supply","start":8560.238,"end":8560.528},{"text":"chains","start":8560.576,"end":8560.945},{"text":"but","start":8561.298,"end":8561.523},{"text":"also","start":8561.603,"end":8561.796},{"text":"to","start":8561.844,"end":8562.005},{"text":"the","start":8562.005,"end":8562.246},{"text":"prosperity,","start":8562.246,"end":8562.952},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":8563.321,"end":8563.883},{"text":"and","start":8564.413,"end":8564.51},{"text":"development","start":8564.51,"end":8565.007},{"text":"of","start":8565.007,"end":8565.072},{"text":"producing","start":8565.072,"end":8565.521},{"text":"states","start":8565.553,"end":8566.163},{"text":"and","start":8566.276,"end":8566.34},{"text":"local","start":8566.42,"end":8566.741},{"text":"populations","start":8566.741,"end":8567.368},{"text":"themselves.","start":8567.721,"end":8568.09}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you.","start":8568.829,"end":8569.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8568.829,"end":8568.909},{"text":"thank","start":8568.909,"end":8569.15},{"text":"you.","start":8569.15,"end":8569.23}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"DNK","affiliation_full":"Denmark","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":56,"start":8569.792,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8570","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":8569.792,"end":8570.145,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8569.792,"end":8570.113},{"text":"you.","start":8570.113,"end":8570.145}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Denmark.","start":8573.863,"end":8574.925,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8573.863,"end":8573.911},{"text":"thank","start":8573.943,"end":8574.265},{"text":"Denmark.","start":8574.265,"end":8574.925}]},{"text":"Excellencies, dear colleagues, we have less than an hour left, so— and I have quite a long list of speakers.","start":8575.777,"end":8588.039,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":8575.777,"end":8576.404},{"text":"dear","start":8576.501,"end":8576.678},{"text":"colleagues,","start":8576.678,"end":8577.209},{"text":"we","start":8579.3,"end":8579.494},{"text":"have","start":8580.044,"end":8580.659},{"text":"less","start":8583.054,"end":8583.297},{"text":"than","start":8583.297,"end":8583.442},{"text":"an","start":8583.442,"end":8583.604},{"text":"hour","start":8583.604,"end":8584.592},{"text":"left,","start":8584.915,"end":8585.239},{"text":"so—","start":8585.255,"end":8585.805},{"text":"and","start":8586.113,"end":8586.582},{"text":"I","start":8586.598,"end":8586.679},{"text":"have","start":8586.679,"end":8586.825},{"text":"quite","start":8586.857,"end":8587.116},{"text":"a","start":8587.116,"end":8587.148},{"text":"long","start":8587.165,"end":8587.278},{"text":"list","start":8587.327,"end":8587.521},{"text":"of","start":8587.521,"end":8587.569},{"text":"speakers.","start":8587.569,"end":8588.039}]},{"text":"I remind you that you only have 3 minutes speaking time for non-Council members, so I'll give the floor first of all to His Excellency Mr. Mr. Juraj Blanar, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.","start":8588.576,"end":8602.809,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8588.576,"end":8588.608},{"text":"remind","start":8590.273,"end":8590.612},{"text":"you","start":8590.612,"end":8590.774},{"text":"that","start":8590.774,"end":8591.016},{"text":"you","start":8591.081,"end":8591.258},{"text":"only","start":8591.258,"end":8591.404},{"text":"have","start":8591.404,"end":8591.566},{"text":"3","start":8591.582,"end":8591.824},{"text":"minutes","start":8591.824,"end":8592.05},{"text":"speaking","start":8592.05,"end":8592.519},{"text":"time","start":8592.551,"end":8592.875},{"text":"for","start":8592.875,"end":8593.02},{"text":"non-Council","start":8593.02,"end":8593.586},{"text":"members,","start":8593.586,"end":8593.974},{"text":"so","start":8594.006,"end":8594.103},{"text":"I'll","start":8594.103,"end":8594.232},{"text":"give","start":8594.248,"end":8594.378},{"text":"the","start":8594.394,"end":8594.491},{"text":"floor","start":8594.491,"end":8594.879},{"text":"first","start":8594.879,"end":8595.105},{"text":"of","start":8595.202,"end":8595.234},{"text":"all","start":8595.299,"end":8595.444},{"text":"to","start":8595.444,"end":8595.557},{"text":"His","start":8595.622,"end":8595.848},{"text":"Excellency","start":8595.848,"end":8596.398},{"text":"Mr.","start":8596.414,"end":8596.495},{"text":"Mr.","start":8596.57,"end":8596.747},{"text":"Juraj","start":8596.827,"end":8597.295},{"text":"Blanar,","start":8597.634,"end":8598.053},{"text":"Minister","start":8598.682,"end":8599.101},{"text":"of","start":8599.101,"end":8599.181},{"text":"Foreign","start":8599.181,"end":8599.552},{"text":"and","start":8599.826,"end":8599.939},{"text":"European","start":8599.987,"end":8600.358},{"text":"Affairs","start":8600.407,"end":8600.842},{"text":"of","start":8601.987,"end":8602.116},{"text":"Slovakia.","start":8602.164,"end":8602.809}]},{"text":"Sir, you have the floor.","start":8603.534,"end":8604.324,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Sir,","start":8603.534,"end":8603.696},{"text":"you","start":8603.76,"end":8603.808},{"text":"have","start":8603.857,"end":8604.018},{"text":"the","start":8604.018,"end":8604.099},{"text":"floor.","start":8604.099,"end":8604.324}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":57,"start":8606.691,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8607","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair. Madam Minister Wagner, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":8606.691,"end":8612.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8606.691,"end":8606.868},{"text":"you,","start":8606.868,"end":8606.933},{"text":"Chair.","start":8607.014,"end":8607.337},{"text":"Madam","start":8608.727,"end":8609.002},{"text":"Minister","start":8609.035,"end":8609.374},{"text":"Wagner,","start":8609.374,"end":8609.859},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":8610.344,"end":8610.958},{"text":"ladies","start":8611.217,"end":8611.443},{"text":"and","start":8611.492,"end":8611.637},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":8611.637,"end":8612.09}]},{"text":"Let me begin by thanking the Democratic Republic of the Congo for conveying this timely discussion on the relationship between the Thank you, Mr. President.","start":8613.092,"end":8622.661,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":8613.092,"end":8613.254},{"text":"me","start":8613.318,"end":8613.399},{"text":"begin","start":8613.399,"end":8613.723},{"text":"by","start":8613.723,"end":8613.9},{"text":"thanking","start":8613.9,"end":8614.353},{"text":"the","start":8614.466,"end":8614.547},{"text":"Democratic","start":8614.628,"end":8615.42},{"text":"Republic","start":8615.42,"end":8615.856},{"text":"of","start":8615.905,"end":8615.97},{"text":"the","start":8615.97,"end":8616.018},{"text":"Congo","start":8616.083,"end":8616.472},{"text":"for","start":8616.472,"end":8616.829},{"text":"conveying","start":8616.878,"end":8617.268},{"text":"this","start":8617.381,"end":8617.592},{"text":"timely","start":8617.706,"end":8618.079},{"text":"discussion","start":8618.663,"end":8619.296},{"text":"on","start":8619.409,"end":8619.539},{"text":"the","start":8619.555,"end":8619.718},{"text":"relationship","start":8619.718,"end":8620.529},{"text":"between","start":8620.951,"end":8621.275},{"text":"the","start":8621.275,"end":8621.519},{"text":"Thank","start":8622.1,"end":8622.228},{"text":"you,","start":8622.228,"end":8622.26},{"text":"Mr.","start":8622.276,"end":8622.389},{"text":"President.","start":8622.437,"end":8622.661}]},{"text":"Natural resources, peace, and security.","start":8622.71,"end":8624.363,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":8622.71,"end":8622.983},{"text":"resources,","start":8622.983,"end":8623.143},{"text":"peace,","start":8623.24,"end":8623.496},{"text":"and","start":8623.657,"end":8623.721},{"text":"security.","start":8623.802,"end":8624.363}]},{"text":"Natural resources are at the center of the global economic development, the energy transition, and the technological innovation.","start":8625.423,"end":8634.865,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":8625.423,"end":8625.809},{"text":"resources","start":8625.809,"end":8626.435},{"text":"are","start":8626.692,"end":8626.804},{"text":"at","start":8627.013,"end":8627.077},{"text":"the","start":8627.173,"end":8627.286},{"text":"center","start":8627.286,"end":8627.751},{"text":"of","start":8627.751,"end":8627.928},{"text":"the","start":8627.928,"end":8628.057},{"text":"global","start":8628.057,"end":8628.474},{"text":"economic","start":8628.474,"end":8628.94},{"text":"development,","start":8628.94,"end":8629.502},{"text":"the","start":8630.545,"end":8630.674},{"text":"energy","start":8630.722,"end":8631.123},{"text":"transition,","start":8631.123,"end":8632.039},{"text":"and","start":8632.231,"end":8632.376},{"text":"the","start":8632.408,"end":8632.568},{"text":"technological","start":8632.568,"end":8634.367},{"text":"innovation.","start":8634.415,"end":8634.865}]},{"text":"At the same time, however, their illegal exploitation continues to fuel conflict, finance armed groups, and weaken state institutions in multiple regions around the world.","start":8635.78,"end":8647.035,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8635.78,"end":8635.86},{"text":"the","start":8635.86,"end":8635.94},{"text":"same","start":8635.94,"end":8636.245},{"text":"time,","start":8636.245,"end":8636.55},{"text":"however,","start":8636.823,"end":8637.209},{"text":"their","start":8637.466,"end":8637.642},{"text":"illegal","start":8637.803,"end":8638.365},{"text":"exploitation","start":8638.365,"end":8639.2},{"text":"continues","start":8639.296,"end":8639.762},{"text":"to","start":8639.858,"end":8640.019},{"text":"fuel","start":8640.019,"end":8640.42},{"text":"conflict,","start":8640.42,"end":8640.934},{"text":"finance","start":8641.48,"end":8642.026},{"text":"armed","start":8642.106,"end":8642.363},{"text":"groups,","start":8642.363,"end":8642.764},{"text":"and","start":8643.326,"end":8643.391},{"text":"weaken","start":8643.407,"end":8643.776},{"text":"state","start":8643.808,"end":8644.209},{"text":"institutions","start":8644.209,"end":8644.82},{"text":"in","start":8644.916,"end":8645.06},{"text":"multiple","start":8645.093,"end":8645.622},{"text":"regions","start":8645.655,"end":8646.104},{"text":"around","start":8646.297,"end":8646.618},{"text":"the","start":8646.618,"end":8646.698},{"text":"world.","start":8646.762,"end":8647.035}]},{"text":"This paradox highlights the importance of improving resources governance as part of the wider effort to prevent conflict and maintain peace.","start":8647.902,"end":8658.371,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8647.902,"end":8648.127},{"text":"paradox","start":8648.127,"end":8648.689},{"text":"highlights","start":8648.689,"end":8649.219},{"text":"the","start":8649.348,"end":8649.604},{"text":"importance","start":8649.669,"end":8650.311},{"text":"of","start":8650.391,"end":8650.6},{"text":"improving","start":8651.339,"end":8651.804},{"text":"resources","start":8651.917,"end":8652.527},{"text":"governance","start":8652.559,"end":8653.121},{"text":"as","start":8653.217,"end":8653.33},{"text":"part","start":8653.362,"end":8653.667},{"text":"of","start":8653.667,"end":8653.779},{"text":"the","start":8653.779,"end":8653.908},{"text":"wider","start":8653.908,"end":8654.325},{"text":"effort","start":8654.325,"end":8654.903},{"text":"to","start":8655.289,"end":8655.465},{"text":"prevent","start":8655.754,"end":8656.236},{"text":"conflict","start":8656.236,"end":8656.814},{"text":"and","start":8656.958,"end":8657.103},{"text":"maintain","start":8657.681,"end":8658.05},{"text":"peace.","start":8658.179,"end":8658.371}]},{"text":"Slovakia considers access to and management of natural resources to be increasingly important factors in international security.","start":8658.917,"end":8668.744,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":8658.917,"end":8659.544},{"text":"considers","start":8659.544,"end":8660.154},{"text":"access","start":8660.282,"end":8660.684},{"text":"to","start":8661.406,"end":8661.599},{"text":"and","start":8661.615,"end":8661.888},{"text":"management","start":8661.888,"end":8662.53},{"text":"of","start":8662.658,"end":8662.803},{"text":"natural","start":8662.835,"end":8663.253},{"text":"resources","start":8663.253,"end":8663.847},{"text":"to","start":8664.425,"end":8664.521},{"text":"be","start":8664.521,"end":8664.778},{"text":"increasingly","start":8664.826,"end":8665.533},{"text":"important","start":8665.565,"end":8666.095},{"text":"factors","start":8666.207,"end":8666.737},{"text":"in","start":8667.315,"end":8667.459},{"text":"international","start":8667.556,"end":8668.15},{"text":"security.","start":8668.15,"end":8668.744}]},{"text":"This applies not only to critical minerals, but also to energy resources, water, and the infrastructure supporting their production and distribution.","start":8669.499,"end":8680.947,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8669.499,"end":8669.675},{"text":"applies","start":8669.739,"end":8670.269},{"text":"not","start":8670.398,"end":8670.703},{"text":"only","start":8670.767,"end":8670.992},{"text":"to","start":8671.891,"end":8672.068},{"text":"critical","start":8672.068,"end":8672.485},{"text":"minerals,","start":8672.485,"end":8672.919},{"text":"but","start":8673.16,"end":8673.336},{"text":"also","start":8673.336,"end":8673.818},{"text":"to","start":8673.818,"end":8673.962},{"text":"energy","start":8674.235,"end":8674.524},{"text":"resources,","start":8674.556,"end":8675.167},{"text":"water,","start":8675.6,"end":8676.066},{"text":"and","start":8676.467,"end":8676.644},{"text":"the","start":8676.644,"end":8676.885},{"text":"infrastructure","start":8676.885,"end":8677.687},{"text":"supporting","start":8678.105,"end":8678.699},{"text":"their","start":8678.811,"end":8678.972},{"text":"production","start":8679.373,"end":8679.903},{"text":"and","start":8680.16,"end":8680.337},{"text":"distribution.","start":8680.337,"end":8680.947}]},{"text":"Growing demand, climate change, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions are generating additional pressure on these strategic assets, and in some regions, contributing to instability and conflict.","start":8682.007,"end":8699.443,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Growing","start":8682.007,"end":8682.28},{"text":"demand,","start":8682.344,"end":8682.826},{"text":"climate","start":8682.89,"end":8683.372},{"text":"change,","start":8683.372,"end":8683.869},{"text":"environmental","start":8684.833,"end":8685.523},{"text":"degradation,","start":8686.181,"end":8686.888},{"text":"and","start":8687.065,"end":8687.209},{"text":"geopolitical","start":8687.305,"end":8688.124},{"text":"tensions","start":8688.124,"end":8688.654},{"text":"are","start":8689.232,"end":8689.28},{"text":"generating","start":8689.794,"end":8690.34},{"text":"additional","start":8690.533,"end":8691.079},{"text":"pressure","start":8691.079,"end":8691.416},{"text":"on","start":8691.576,"end":8691.737},{"text":"these","start":8691.801,"end":8691.946},{"text":"strategic","start":8692.042,"end":8692.636},{"text":"assets,","start":8692.765,"end":8693.182},{"text":"and","start":8693.808,"end":8693.905},{"text":"in","start":8693.905,"end":8694.065},{"text":"some","start":8694.081,"end":8694.418},{"text":"regions,","start":8694.531,"end":8695.237},{"text":"contributing","start":8696.377,"end":8697.164},{"text":"to","start":8697.341,"end":8697.453},{"text":"instability","start":8697.903,"end":8698.609},{"text":"and","start":8698.706,"end":8698.85},{"text":"conflict.","start":8698.882,"end":8699.443}]},{"text":"Slovakia therefore shares the view that the current international situation remains fragmented.","start":8700.02,"end":8707.023,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":8700.02,"end":8700.564},{"text":"therefore","start":8700.629,"end":8701.221},{"text":"shares","start":8701.43,"end":8701.814},{"text":"the","start":8702.487,"end":8702.568},{"text":"view","start":8702.568,"end":8702.856},{"text":"that","start":8703.209,"end":8703.449},{"text":"the","start":8703.529,"end":8703.673},{"text":"current","start":8703.673,"end":8704.026},{"text":"international","start":8704.074,"end":8704.667},{"text":"situation","start":8704.667,"end":8705.324},{"text":"remains","start":8705.436,"end":8705.821},{"text":"fragmented.","start":8706.414,"end":8707.023}]},{"text":"Over the years, a wide range of valuable mechanisms, norms, and due diligence and facilitation frameworks have been established.","start":8707.68,"end":8717.166,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":8707.68,"end":8707.84},{"text":"the","start":8707.856,"end":8708.08},{"text":"years,","start":8708.08,"end":8708.385},{"text":"a","start":8708.593,"end":8708.625},{"text":"wide","start":8708.737,"end":8709.122},{"text":"range","start":8709.122,"end":8709.474},{"text":"of","start":8709.603,"end":8709.827},{"text":"valuable","start":8710.34,"end":8710.772},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":8710.772,"end":8711.429},{"text":"norms,","start":8711.542,"end":8711.878},{"text":"and","start":8712.022,"end":8712.086},{"text":"due","start":8712.263,"end":8712.487},{"text":"diligence","start":8712.487,"end":8713.144},{"text":"and","start":8713.625,"end":8713.689},{"text":"facilitation","start":8713.785,"end":8714.715},{"text":"frameworks","start":8715.051,"end":8715.74},{"text":"have","start":8715.868,"end":8716.093},{"text":"been","start":8716.189,"end":8716.477},{"text":"established.","start":8716.573,"end":8717.166}]},{"text":"While these tools have increased transparency and accountability, there are still gaps, Particularly regarding coherence, coordination, and implementation.","start":8717.791,"end":8730.682,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":8717.791,"end":8717.984},{"text":"these","start":8718.112,"end":8718.32},{"text":"tools","start":8718.432,"end":8718.721},{"text":"have","start":8718.753,"end":8719.057},{"text":"increased","start":8719.378,"end":8719.795},{"text":"transparency","start":8719.795,"end":8720.403},{"text":"and","start":8720.66,"end":8720.804},{"text":"accountability,","start":8720.836,"end":8721.766},{"text":"there","start":8722.679,"end":8722.823},{"text":"are","start":8722.823,"end":8722.935},{"text":"still","start":8722.984,"end":8723.352},{"text":"gaps,","start":8723.48,"end":8723.801},{"text":"Particularly","start":8724.282,"end":8725.938},{"text":"regarding","start":8725.97,"end":8726.501},{"text":"coherence,","start":8726.533,"end":8727.353},{"text":"coordination,","start":8728.929,"end":8729.717},{"text":"and","start":8729.894,"end":8729.958},{"text":"implementation.","start":8730.055,"end":8730.682}]},{"text":"In our view, any future normative framework should be guided by the principles.","start":8731.18,"end":8736.688,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8731.18,"end":8731.277},{"text":"our","start":8731.277,"end":8731.454},{"text":"view,","start":8731.454,"end":8731.695},{"text":"any","start":8732.67,"end":8732.718},{"text":"future","start":8732.766,"end":8733.248},{"text":"normative","start":8733.264,"end":8733.827},{"text":"framework","start":8733.827,"end":8734.55},{"text":"should","start":8734.614,"end":8734.92},{"text":"be","start":8735.016,"end":8735.225},{"text":"guided","start":8735.273,"end":8735.675},{"text":"by","start":8735.675,"end":8735.916},{"text":"the","start":8735.916,"end":8736.077},{"text":"principles.","start":8736.077,"end":8736.688}]},{"text":"Firstly, it should be stronger conflict prevention by improving transparency, accountability, and traceability throughout the entire natural resources value chain.","start":8737.668,"end":8748.538,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Firstly,","start":8737.668,"end":8738.134},{"text":"it","start":8738.649,"end":8738.793},{"text":"should","start":8738.793,"end":8738.986},{"text":"be","start":8739.035,"end":8739.131},{"text":"stronger","start":8739.131,"end":8739.629},{"text":"conflict","start":8739.774,"end":8740.224},{"text":"prevention","start":8740.337,"end":8740.867},{"text":"by","start":8740.899,"end":8741.012},{"text":"improving","start":8741.623,"end":8742.156},{"text":"transparency,","start":8742.253,"end":8742.964},{"text":"accountability,","start":8743.142,"end":8743.934},{"text":"and","start":8744.192,"end":8744.354},{"text":"traceability","start":8744.354,"end":8745.064},{"text":"throughout","start":8745.42,"end":8745.872},{"text":"the","start":8745.888,"end":8746.131},{"text":"entire","start":8746.211,"end":8746.632},{"text":"natural","start":8746.632,"end":8747.068},{"text":"resources","start":8747.197,"end":8747.811},{"text":"value","start":8747.908,"end":8748.247},{"text":"chain.","start":8748.247,"end":8748.538}]},{"text":"Secondly, It should promote sustainable development and assure that the benefits derived from natural resources are distributed fairly among the local communities and producer countries.","start":8749.039,"end":8762.143,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":8749.039,"end":8749.588},{"text":"It","start":8750.117,"end":8750.277},{"text":"should","start":8750.277,"end":8750.422},{"text":"promote","start":8750.614,"end":8751.112},{"text":"sustainable","start":8751.112,"end":8751.851},{"text":"development","start":8751.899,"end":8752.589},{"text":"and","start":8752.686,"end":8752.75},{"text":"assure","start":8752.943,"end":8753.424},{"text":"that","start":8753.424,"end":8753.665},{"text":"the","start":8753.745,"end":8753.938},{"text":"benefits","start":8754.372,"end":8754.789},{"text":"derived","start":8754.789,"end":8755.399},{"text":"from","start":8755.431,"end":8755.801},{"text":"natural","start":8756.074,"end":8756.443},{"text":"resources","start":8756.491,"end":8757.166},{"text":"are","start":8757.824,"end":8757.872},{"text":"distributed","start":8757.92,"end":8758.643},{"text":"fairly","start":8758.643,"end":8759.173},{"text":"among","start":8759.365,"end":8759.654},{"text":"the","start":8759.767,"end":8759.911},{"text":"local","start":8759.911,"end":8760.248},{"text":"communities","start":8760.248,"end":8760.939},{"text":"and","start":8761.051,"end":8761.115},{"text":"producer","start":8761.196,"end":8761.774},{"text":"countries.","start":8761.774,"end":8762.143}]},{"text":"Thirdly, it should encourage international cooperation and capacity building to support countries in strengthening their governance, institutions, and resilience rather than creating further barriers to participation in global markets.","start":8762.737,"end":8778.567,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":8762.737,"end":8763.187},{"text":"it","start":8763.701,"end":8763.845},{"text":"should","start":8763.845,"end":8764.102},{"text":"encourage","start":8764.166,"end":8764.76},{"text":"international","start":8764.76,"end":8765.579},{"text":"cooperation","start":8765.611,"end":8766.88},{"text":"and","start":8766.976,"end":8767.04},{"text":"capacity","start":8767.875,"end":8768.437},{"text":"building","start":8768.437,"end":8768.726},{"text":"to","start":8768.839,"end":8768.983},{"text":"support","start":8768.983,"end":8769.561},{"text":"countries","start":8769.561,"end":8770.011},{"text":"in","start":8770.268,"end":8770.38},{"text":"strengthening","start":8770.38,"end":8770.974},{"text":"their","start":8771.022,"end":8771.311},{"text":"governance,","start":8771.311,"end":8771.889},{"text":"institutions,","start":8771.97,"end":8772.58},{"text":"and","start":8773.078,"end":8773.142},{"text":"resilience","start":8773.238,"end":8773.848},{"text":"rather","start":8774.202,"end":8774.539},{"text":"than","start":8774.539,"end":8774.667},{"text":"creating","start":8774.78,"end":8775.229},{"text":"further","start":8775.31,"end":8775.63},{"text":"barriers","start":8775.968,"end":8776.353},{"text":"to","start":8776.465,"end":8776.593},{"text":"participation","start":8776.866,"end":8777.669},{"text":"in","start":8777.669,"end":8777.717},{"text":"global","start":8777.813,"end":8778.134},{"text":"markets.","start":8778.15,"end":8778.567}]},{"text":"Chair, Slovakia's own expertise highlights the importance of cooperation when it comes to managing strategic resources.","start":8779.996,"end":8788.229,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":8779.996,"end":8780.413},{"text":"Slovakia's","start":8781.424,"end":8782.082},{"text":"own","start":8782.227,"end":8782.371},{"text":"expertise","start":8782.403,"end":8782.933},{"text":"highlights","start":8783.109,"end":8783.671},{"text":"the","start":8783.687,"end":8783.912},{"text":"importance","start":8783.912,"end":8784.57},{"text":"of","start":8784.634,"end":8784.811},{"text":"cooperation","start":8784.875,"end":8785.581},{"text":"when","start":8785.613,"end":8785.79},{"text":"it","start":8785.79,"end":8785.998},{"text":"comes","start":8785.998,"end":8786.223},{"text":"to","start":8786.319,"end":8786.432},{"text":"managing","start":8786.576,"end":8787.025},{"text":"strategic","start":8787.073,"end":8787.683},{"text":"resources.","start":8787.683,"end":8788.229}]},{"text":"As a country located at the crossroads of European energy and water networks, we possess extensive practical experience in cross-border water management and regional energy energy cooperation.","start":8789.064,"end":8802.272,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8789.064,"end":8789.112},{"text":"a","start":8789.208,"end":8789.288},{"text":"country","start":8789.288,"end":8789.673},{"text":"located","start":8789.689,"end":8790.235},{"text":"at","start":8790.412,"end":8790.508},{"text":"the","start":8790.508,"end":8790.765},{"text":"crossroads","start":8790.813,"end":8791.439},{"text":"of","start":8791.535,"end":8791.696},{"text":"European","start":8791.696,"end":8792.081},{"text":"energy","start":8792.177,"end":8792.53},{"text":"and","start":8793.06,"end":8793.124},{"text":"water","start":8793.156,"end":8793.541},{"text":"networks,","start":8793.718,"end":8794.36},{"text":"we","start":8794.921,"end":8795.162},{"text":"possess","start":8795.242,"end":8795.692},{"text":"extensive","start":8795.949,"end":8797.056},{"text":"practical","start":8797.088,"end":8797.537},{"text":"experience","start":8797.65,"end":8798.452},{"text":"in","start":8798.597,"end":8798.773},{"text":"cross-border","start":8798.773,"end":8799.415},{"text":"water","start":8799.415,"end":8799.672},{"text":"management","start":8799.672,"end":8800.25},{"text":"and","start":8800.619,"end":8800.683},{"text":"regional","start":8800.779,"end":8801.213},{"text":"energy","start":8801.341,"end":8801.646},{"text":"energy","start":8801.47,"end":8801.646},{"text":"cooperation.","start":8801.646,"end":8802.272}]},{"text":"We have witnessed how trust, dialogue, and shared regulation can significantly ease tensions and promote stability.","start":8803.027,"end":8812.596,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8803.027,"end":8803.187},{"text":"have","start":8803.187,"end":8803.509},{"text":"witnessed","start":8803.509,"end":8803.958},{"text":"how","start":8804.054,"end":8804.263},{"text":"trust,","start":8804.456,"end":8804.97},{"text":"dialogue,","start":8805.098,"end":8805.532},{"text":"and","start":8805.74,"end":8805.917},{"text":"shared","start":8805.917,"end":8807.201},{"text":"regulation","start":8807.201,"end":8807.811},{"text":"can","start":8807.924,"end":8808.133},{"text":"significantly","start":8808.181,"end":8809.096},{"text":"ease","start":8809.754,"end":8809.899},{"text":"tensions","start":8810.011,"end":8810.38},{"text":"and","start":8810.637,"end":8810.83},{"text":"promote","start":8811.456,"end":8811.938},{"text":"stability.","start":8811.938,"end":8812.596}]},{"text":"For these reasons, Slovakia will continue to advocate this issue, as demonstrated by its priority status during our non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for 2028 and 2029.","start":8813.126,"end":8827.399,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":8813.126,"end":8813.254},{"text":"these","start":8813.302,"end":8813.511},{"text":"reasons,","start":8813.527,"end":8813.832},{"text":"Slovakia","start":8813.864,"end":8814.539},{"text":"will","start":8814.587,"end":8814.699},{"text":"continue","start":8814.812,"end":8815.245},{"text":"to","start":8815.454,"end":8815.695},{"text":"advocate","start":8815.791,"end":8816.369},{"text":"this","start":8816.674,"end":8816.915},{"text":"issue,","start":8816.915,"end":8817.268},{"text":"as","start":8817.461,"end":8817.525},{"text":"demonstrated","start":8818.28,"end":8819.018},{"text":"by","start":8819.066,"end":8819.195},{"text":"its","start":8819.388,"end":8819.564},{"text":"priority","start":8819.564,"end":8820.174},{"text":"status","start":8820.865,"end":8821.33},{"text":"during","start":8821.394,"end":8821.619},{"text":"our","start":8821.732,"end":8821.956},{"text":"non-permanent","start":8821.956,"end":8822.583},{"text":"membership","start":8822.679,"end":8823.241},{"text":"of","start":8823.321,"end":8823.369},{"text":"the","start":8823.482,"end":8823.642},{"text":"UN","start":8823.642,"end":8823.867},{"text":"Security","start":8823.899,"end":8824.461},{"text":"Council","start":8824.461,"end":8825.007},{"text":"for","start":8825.408,"end":8825.649},{"text":"2028","start":8825.649,"end":8826.869},{"text":"and","start":8826.869,"end":8826.95},{"text":"2029.","start":8826.95,"end":8827.399}]},{"text":"In the course of the further discussion, it will be important to build on existing mechanisms and avoid the duplication of effort.","start":8828.46,"end":8837.474,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8828.46,"end":8828.508},{"text":"the","start":8828.556,"end":8828.877},{"text":"course","start":8829.102,"end":8829.424},{"text":"of","start":8829.584,"end":8829.697},{"text":"the","start":8829.697,"end":8829.825},{"text":"further","start":8829.825,"end":8830.163},{"text":"discussion,","start":8830.163,"end":8830.854},{"text":"it","start":8831.432,"end":8831.529},{"text":"will","start":8831.529,"end":8831.721},{"text":"be","start":8831.77,"end":8831.93},{"text":"important","start":8831.93,"end":8832.493},{"text":"to","start":8832.493,"end":8832.589},{"text":"build","start":8832.653,"end":8832.894},{"text":"on","start":8833.039,"end":8833.264},{"text":"existing","start":8833.376,"end":8833.907},{"text":"mechanisms","start":8833.939,"end":8834.71},{"text":"and","start":8834.726,"end":8834.887},{"text":"avoid","start":8834.887,"end":8835.224},{"text":"the","start":8835.224,"end":8835.417},{"text":"duplication","start":8835.867,"end":8836.478},{"text":"of","start":8836.735,"end":8836.879},{"text":"effort.","start":8836.928,"end":8837.474}]},{"text":"A gradual, consensus-based approach focused on practical solutions could be the most realistic way to create a comprehensive framework linking natural resources, peace, security, and sustainable","start":8837.86,"end":8853.349,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":8837.86,"end":8837.876},{"text":"gradual,","start":8837.94,"end":8840.238},{"text":"consensus-based","start":8840.511,"end":8841.909},{"text":"approach","start":8841.909,"end":8842.503},{"text":"focused","start":8843.082,"end":8843.515},{"text":"on","start":8843.58,"end":8843.724},{"text":"practical","start":8843.724,"end":8844.19},{"text":"solutions","start":8844.222,"end":8844.753},{"text":"could","start":8844.849,"end":8845.09},{"text":"be","start":8845.09,"end":8845.299},{"text":"the","start":8845.347,"end":8845.444},{"text":"most","start":8845.444,"end":8845.829},{"text":"realistic","start":8845.894,"end":8846.408},{"text":"way","start":8846.456,"end":8846.697},{"text":"to","start":8846.697,"end":8846.874},{"text":"create","start":8846.874,"end":8847.34},{"text":"a","start":8847.42,"end":8847.436},{"text":"comprehensive","start":8847.757,"end":8848.481},{"text":"framework","start":8848.481,"end":8849.123},{"text":"linking","start":8849.67,"end":8849.975},{"text":"natural","start":8850.087,"end":8850.489},{"text":"resources,","start":8850.489,"end":8851.1},{"text":"peace,","start":8851.132,"end":8851.325},{"text":"security,","start":8851.373,"end":8851.983},{"text":"and","start":8852.562,"end":8852.723},{"text":"sustainable","start":8852.723,"end":8853.349}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Juraj Blanar","affiliation":"SVK","affiliation_full":"Slovakia","group":null,"function":"Minister of Foreign and European Affairs"}},{"statement_number":58,"start":8854.268,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8855","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I now give the floor to Her Excellency Ana Isabel Xavier, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs of Portugal.","start":8854.268,"end":8867.985,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8854.268,"end":8854.381},{"text":"now","start":8858.719,"end":8860.509},{"text":"give","start":8860.557,"end":8860.719},{"text":"the","start":8860.719,"end":8860.799},{"text":"floor","start":8860.815,"end":8861.09},{"text":"to","start":8861.09,"end":8861.268},{"text":"Her","start":8861.268,"end":8861.316},{"text":"Excellency","start":8861.51,"end":8863.275},{"text":"Ana","start":8863.453,"end":8863.696},{"text":"Isabel","start":8863.696,"end":8864.133},{"text":"Xavier,","start":8864.133,"end":8864.586},{"text":"Deputy","start":8865.25,"end":8865.557},{"text":"Minister","start":8865.557,"end":8866.043},{"text":"for","start":8866.043,"end":8866.156},{"text":"Foreign","start":8866.156,"end":8866.399},{"text":"Affairs","start":8866.399,"end":8866.755},{"text":"of","start":8866.949,"end":8867.16},{"text":"Portugal.","start":8867.516,"end":8867.985}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Your Excellency, you have the floor.","start":8868.487,"end":8869.685,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":8868.487,"end":8868.568},{"text":"Excellency,","start":8868.568,"end":8869.037},{"text":"you","start":8869.053,"end":8869.183},{"text":"have","start":8869.199,"end":8869.361},{"text":"the","start":8869.361,"end":8869.442},{"text":"floor.","start":8869.442,"end":8869.685}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":59,"start":8871.35,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=8872","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, allow me to start by thanking the DRC for organizing this important Agri-Forum meeting.","start":8871.35,"end":8879.568,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":8871.35,"end":8871.495},{"text":"President,","start":8871.688,"end":8872.333},{"text":"allow","start":8873.074,"end":8873.332},{"text":"me","start":8873.396,"end":8873.622},{"text":"to","start":8873.622,"end":8873.751},{"text":"start","start":8873.799,"end":8874.202},{"text":"by","start":8874.202,"end":8874.46},{"text":"thanking","start":8874.46,"end":8874.895},{"text":"the","start":8875.008,"end":8875.121},{"text":"DRC","start":8875.169,"end":8875.894},{"text":"for","start":8876.378,"end":8876.474},{"text":"organizing","start":8876.474,"end":8877.151},{"text":"this","start":8877.183,"end":8877.506},{"text":"important","start":8877.506,"end":8878.247},{"text":"Agri-Forum","start":8878.456,"end":8879.037},{"text":"meeting.","start":8879.101,"end":8879.568}]},{"text":"For Portugal, an ocean-driven country, natural resources, whether they be electricity-generating fuels, critical minerals, precious metals, rare earths, biotic materials, or organic matter, underpin every aspect of daily life.","start":8880.413,"end":8896.803,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":8880.413,"end":8880.573},{"text":"Portugal,","start":8880.654,"end":8881.119},{"text":"an","start":8881.455,"end":8881.504},{"text":"ocean-driven","start":8881.696,"end":8882.578},{"text":"country,","start":8882.642,"end":8883.059},{"text":"natural","start":8883.717,"end":8884.053},{"text":"resources,","start":8884.102,"end":8884.791},{"text":"whether","start":8885.128,"end":8885.449},{"text":"they","start":8885.449,"end":8885.545},{"text":"be","start":8885.625,"end":8885.882},{"text":"electricity-generating","start":8886.042,"end":8887.309},{"text":"fuels,","start":8887.373,"end":8887.758},{"text":"critical","start":8888.351,"end":8888.784},{"text":"minerals,","start":8888.833,"end":8889.362},{"text":"precious","start":8889.538,"end":8889.939},{"text":"metals,","start":8889.939,"end":8890.324},{"text":"rare","start":8890.661,"end":8890.885},{"text":"earths,","start":8890.981,"end":8891.286},{"text":"biotic","start":8891.719,"end":8892.184},{"text":"materials,","start":8892.184,"end":8892.97},{"text":"or","start":8893.163,"end":8893.211},{"text":"organic","start":8893.243,"end":8893.708},{"text":"matter,","start":8893.708,"end":8894.109},{"text":"underpin","start":8894.59,"end":8895.135},{"text":"every","start":8895.392,"end":8895.536},{"text":"aspect","start":8895.648,"end":8896.21},{"text":"of","start":8896.21,"end":8896.354},{"text":"daily","start":8896.354,"end":8896.61},{"text":"life.","start":8896.61,"end":8896.803}]},{"text":"From the water we drink to the cotton we wear, from the timber and iron we build with, with, to the lithium and cobalt in our batteries, natural resources are key drivers of prosperity and well-being.","start":8897.717,"end":8909.966,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":8897.717,"end":8897.845},{"text":"the","start":8897.909,"end":8898.022},{"text":"water","start":8898.038,"end":8898.294},{"text":"we","start":8898.294,"end":8898.455},{"text":"drink","start":8898.455,"end":8898.84},{"text":"to","start":8898.84,"end":8898.936},{"text":"the","start":8898.936,"end":8899.016},{"text":"cotton","start":8899.08,"end":8899.353},{"text":"we","start":8899.401,"end":8899.465},{"text":"wear,","start":8899.561,"end":8899.898},{"text":"from","start":8900.363,"end":8900.54},{"text":"the","start":8900.604,"end":8900.7},{"text":"timber","start":8900.7,"end":8901.069},{"text":"and","start":8901.165,"end":8901.245},{"text":"iron","start":8901.406,"end":8901.662},{"text":"we","start":8901.662,"end":8901.887},{"text":"build","start":8901.887,"end":8902.095},{"text":"with,","start":8902.143,"end":8902.256},{"text":"with,","start":8902.624,"end":8902.913},{"text":"to","start":8903.009,"end":8903.073},{"text":"the","start":8903.49,"end":8903.571},{"text":"lithium","start":8903.571,"end":8903.988},{"text":"and","start":8904.148,"end":8904.212},{"text":"cobalt","start":8904.308,"end":8904.789},{"text":"in","start":8904.789,"end":8904.837},{"text":"our","start":8904.87,"end":8905.078},{"text":"batteries,","start":8905.11,"end":8905.559},{"text":"natural","start":8906.216,"end":8906.553},{"text":"resources","start":8906.553,"end":8907.178},{"text":"are","start":8907.178,"end":8907.258},{"text":"key","start":8907.258,"end":8907.498},{"text":"drivers","start":8907.498,"end":8908.043},{"text":"of","start":8908.299,"end":8908.444},{"text":"prosperity","start":8908.476,"end":8909.165},{"text":"and","start":8909.357,"end":8909.517},{"text":"well-being.","start":8909.517,"end":8909.966}]},{"text":"If well governed, if responsibly extracted and used, if the revenues from their trade are equitably shared and benefit local communities, natural resources can contribute to achieve sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda.","start":8910.895,"end":8926.359,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":8910.895,"end":8910.975},{"text":"well","start":8911.04,"end":8911.2},{"text":"governed,","start":8911.28,"end":8911.889},{"text":"if","start":8912.001,"end":8912.145},{"text":"responsibly","start":8912.161,"end":8912.69},{"text":"extracted","start":8912.722,"end":8913.283},{"text":"and","start":8913.283,"end":8913.491},{"text":"used,","start":8913.507,"end":8913.924},{"text":"if","start":8914.324,"end":8914.469},{"text":"the","start":8914.469,"end":8914.549},{"text":"revenues","start":8914.549,"end":8915.094},{"text":"from","start":8915.11,"end":8915.334},{"text":"their","start":8915.366,"end":8915.478},{"text":"trade","start":8915.59,"end":8915.975},{"text":"are","start":8916.087,"end":8916.263},{"text":"equitably","start":8916.263,"end":8916.808},{"text":"shared","start":8916.808,"end":8917.465},{"text":"and","start":8917.77,"end":8917.834},{"text":"benefit","start":8917.93,"end":8918.475},{"text":"local","start":8918.475,"end":8918.715},{"text":"communities,","start":8918.731,"end":8919.26},{"text":"natural","start":8919.853,"end":8920.237},{"text":"resources","start":8920.237,"end":8920.75},{"text":"can","start":8920.814,"end":8921.023},{"text":"contribute","start":8921.055,"end":8921.776},{"text":"to","start":8922.176,"end":8922.272},{"text":"achieve","start":8922.272,"end":8922.657},{"text":"sustainable","start":8922.657,"end":8923.202},{"text":"development","start":8923.218,"end":8923.987},{"text":"and","start":8924.083,"end":8924.42},{"text":"the","start":8924.74,"end":8924.82},{"text":"2030","start":8924.9,"end":8925.75},{"text":"Agenda.","start":8925.942,"end":8926.359}]},{"text":"But competition for resources has also historically resulted in social tensions and conflicts.","start":8927.128,"end":8932.175,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":8927.128,"end":8927.272},{"text":"competition","start":8927.288,"end":8927.897},{"text":"for","start":8927.945,"end":8928.105},{"text":"resources","start":8928.105,"end":8928.714},{"text":"has","start":8928.746,"end":8928.874},{"text":"also","start":8928.971,"end":8929.131},{"text":"historically","start":8929.131,"end":8929.756},{"text":"resulted","start":8929.772,"end":8930.477},{"text":"in","start":8930.509,"end":8930.557},{"text":"social","start":8930.653,"end":8931.038},{"text":"tensions","start":8931.15,"end":8931.615},{"text":"and","start":8931.615,"end":8931.711},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8931.775,"end":8932.175}]},{"text":"Today, the increased scarcity of certain resources as a result of climate change and desertification of the Strip, increasing demand due to population growth, or the needs of the green and digital transitions only exacerbates resources competition.","start":8932.77,"end":8950.074,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":8932.77,"end":8933.236},{"text":"the","start":8933.702,"end":8933.734},{"text":"increased","start":8933.734,"end":8934.2},{"text":"scarcity","start":8934.2,"end":8934.891},{"text":"of","start":8934.907,"end":8935.003},{"text":"certain","start":8935.003,"end":8935.453},{"text":"resources","start":8935.469,"end":8936.096},{"text":"as","start":8936.594,"end":8936.658},{"text":"a","start":8936.754,"end":8936.835},{"text":"result","start":8936.851,"end":8937.333},{"text":"of","start":8937.333,"end":8937.461},{"text":"climate","start":8937.493,"end":8937.815},{"text":"change","start":8937.815,"end":8938.361},{"text":"and","start":8938.939,"end":8939.004},{"text":"desertification","start":8939.02,"end":8940.096},{"text":"of","start":8940.385,"end":8940.514},{"text":"the","start":8940.546,"end":8940.642},{"text":"Strip,","start":8940.642,"end":8941.173},{"text":"increasing","start":8941.269,"end":8941.88},{"text":"demand","start":8941.912,"end":8942.394},{"text":"due","start":8942.394,"end":8942.619},{"text":"to","start":8942.619,"end":8942.683},{"text":"population","start":8942.779,"end":8943.326},{"text":"growth,","start":8943.358,"end":8943.759},{"text":"or","start":8944.386,"end":8944.434},{"text":"the","start":8944.482,"end":8944.563},{"text":"needs","start":8944.563,"end":8944.852},{"text":"of","start":8944.884,"end":8945.013},{"text":"the","start":8945.045,"end":8945.125},{"text":"green","start":8945.125,"end":8945.511},{"text":"and","start":8945.511,"end":8945.607},{"text":"digital","start":8945.607,"end":8945.977},{"text":"transitions","start":8946.009,"end":8946.732},{"text":"only","start":8947.198,"end":8947.423},{"text":"exacerbates","start":8947.68,"end":8948.612},{"text":"resources","start":8948.74,"end":8949.351},{"text":"competition.","start":8949.463,"end":8950.074}]},{"text":"Fragile governance and lack of state capacity further complicate the scenario, opening the door to illicit exploitation and trafficking conducted by armed groups or criminal networks.","start":8950.973,"end":8963.434,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Fragile","start":8950.973,"end":8951.536},{"text":"governance","start":8951.536,"end":8952.211},{"text":"and","start":8952.275,"end":8952.339},{"text":"lack","start":8952.419,"end":8952.677},{"text":"of","start":8952.677,"end":8952.757},{"text":"state","start":8952.757,"end":8953.159},{"text":"capacity","start":8953.159,"end":8953.769},{"text":"further","start":8953.785,"end":8954.203},{"text":"complicate","start":8954.203,"end":8954.846},{"text":"the","start":8954.846,"end":8954.878},{"text":"scenario,","start":8954.926,"end":8955.553},{"text":"opening","start":8956.115,"end":8956.5},{"text":"the","start":8956.533,"end":8956.629},{"text":"door","start":8956.758,"end":8957.111},{"text":"to","start":8957.159,"end":8957.304},{"text":"illicit","start":8957.304,"end":8957.705},{"text":"exploitation","start":8957.802,"end":8958.509},{"text":"and","start":8958.926,"end":8959.006},{"text":"trafficking","start":8959.022,"end":8959.52},{"text":"conducted","start":8959.664,"end":8960.274},{"text":"by","start":8960.37,"end":8960.53},{"text":"armed","start":8960.691,"end":8960.899},{"text":"groups","start":8960.948,"end":8961.461},{"text":"or","start":8961.734,"end":8961.99},{"text":"criminal","start":8961.99,"end":8962.52},{"text":"networks.","start":8962.777,"end":8963.434}]},{"text":"The transnational nature of such threats means that we require multilateral responses and better cooperation.","start":8963.996,"end":8970.541,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8963.996,"end":8964.14},{"text":"transnational","start":8964.14,"end":8964.878},{"text":"nature","start":8964.878,"end":8965.279},{"text":"of","start":8965.279,"end":8965.376},{"text":"such","start":8965.376,"end":8965.616},{"text":"threats","start":8965.744,"end":8966.274},{"text":"means","start":8966.306,"end":8966.531},{"text":"that","start":8966.563,"end":8966.723},{"text":"we","start":8966.723,"end":8966.868},{"text":"require","start":8966.868,"end":8967.381},{"text":"multilateral","start":8967.429,"end":8968.007},{"text":"responses","start":8968.071,"end":8968.777},{"text":"and","start":8969.194,"end":8969.274},{"text":"better","start":8969.37,"end":8969.852},{"text":"cooperation.","start":8969.916,"end":8970.541}]},{"text":"Their impact on international security and conflict resolution means that the Security Council cannot shy away from addressing this topic.","start":8971.295,"end":8979.654,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":8971.295,"end":8971.456},{"text":"impact","start":8971.6,"end":8972.258},{"text":"on","start":8972.322,"end":8972.37},{"text":"international","start":8972.434,"end":8972.916},{"text":"security","start":8972.916,"end":8973.541},{"text":"and","start":8973.541,"end":8973.766},{"text":"conflict","start":8973.766,"end":8974.183},{"text":"resolution","start":8974.183,"end":8974.905},{"text":"means","start":8975.451,"end":8975.675},{"text":"that","start":8975.771,"end":8975.932},{"text":"the","start":8975.932,"end":8976.028},{"text":"Security","start":8976.028,"end":8976.558},{"text":"Council","start":8976.654,"end":8977.039},{"text":"cannot","start":8977.135,"end":8977.616},{"text":"shy","start":8977.616,"end":8977.857},{"text":"away","start":8977.873,"end":8978.114},{"text":"from","start":8978.258,"end":8978.402},{"text":"addressing","start":8978.499,"end":8978.964},{"text":"this","start":8978.98,"end":8979.221},{"text":"topic.","start":8979.221,"end":8979.654}]},{"text":"Yet, the Security Council does not need to replace or duplicate efforts already being conducted within the United Nations, whether it be the work on environmental peacebuilding at the PBC, on conflict diamonds by the Kimberley Process, or the equity principles laid out by the Secretary-General's Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals.","start":8980.424,"end":9002.212,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":8980.424,"end":8980.761},{"text":"the","start":8981.146,"end":8981.226},{"text":"Security","start":8981.226,"end":8981.707},{"text":"Council","start":8981.739,"end":8982.173},{"text":"does","start":8982.205,"end":8982.333},{"text":"not","start":8982.445,"end":8982.75},{"text":"need","start":8982.75,"end":8983.071},{"text":"to","start":8983.071,"end":8983.135},{"text":"replace","start":8983.167,"end":8983.697},{"text":"or","start":8984.05,"end":8984.194},{"text":"duplicate","start":8984.194,"end":8984.707},{"text":"efforts","start":8984.772,"end":8985.317},{"text":"already","start":8985.637,"end":8986.022},{"text":"being","start":8986.054,"end":8986.182},{"text":"conducted","start":8986.278,"end":8986.904},{"text":"within","start":8987.016,"end":8987.144},{"text":"the","start":8987.16,"end":8987.336},{"text":"United","start":8987.336,"end":8987.817},{"text":"Nations,","start":8987.817,"end":8988.266},{"text":"whether","start":8988.779,"end":8989.003},{"text":"it","start":8989.084,"end":8989.244},{"text":"be","start":8989.244,"end":8989.356},{"text":"the","start":8989.356,"end":8989.548},{"text":"work","start":8989.564,"end":8989.997},{"text":"on","start":8990.045,"end":8990.158},{"text":"environmental","start":8990.286,"end":8991.007},{"text":"peacebuilding","start":8991.103,"end":8991.761},{"text":"at","start":8991.825,"end":8991.921},{"text":"the","start":8991.969,"end":8992.129},{"text":"PBC,","start":8992.129,"end":8992.722},{"text":"on","start":8993.412,"end":8993.476},{"text":"conflict","start":8993.588,"end":8994.053},{"text":"diamonds","start":8994.053,"end":8994.534},{"text":"by","start":8994.534,"end":8994.694},{"text":"the","start":8994.694,"end":8994.742},{"text":"Kimberley","start":8994.79,"end":8995.239},{"text":"Process,","start":8995.335,"end":8995.912},{"text":"or","start":8996.377,"end":8996.425},{"text":"the","start":8996.473,"end":8996.537},{"text":"equity","start":8996.537,"end":8996.922},{"text":"principles","start":8997.099,"end":8997.644},{"text":"laid","start":8997.74,"end":8997.916},{"text":"out","start":8997.98,"end":8998.156},{"text":"by","start":8998.156,"end":8998.301},{"text":"the","start":8998.301,"end":8998.381},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":8998.381,"end":8999.439},{"text":"Panel","start":8999.439,"end":8999.727},{"text":"on","start":9000.224,"end":9000.369},{"text":"Critical","start":9000.385,"end":9000.866},{"text":"Energy","start":9000.866,"end":9001.17},{"text":"Transition","start":9001.202,"end":9001.715},{"text":"Minerals.","start":9001.763,"end":9002.212}]},{"text":"The Council doesn't have to replace either regional or sector-specific instruments, whether binding or voluntary.","start":9002.949,"end":9011.349,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9002.949,"end":9003.11},{"text":"Council","start":9003.11,"end":9003.559},{"text":"doesn't","start":9004.408,"end":9004.745},{"text":"have","start":9004.745,"end":9005.017},{"text":"to","start":9005.049,"end":9005.129},{"text":"replace","start":9005.129,"end":9005.707},{"text":"either","start":9005.835,"end":9006.187},{"text":"regional","start":9006.636,"end":9007.181},{"text":"or","start":9007.277,"end":9007.326},{"text":"sector-specific","start":9007.358,"end":9008.287},{"text":"instruments,","start":9008.4,"end":9009.057},{"text":"whether","start":9009.377,"end":9009.618},{"text":"binding","start":9009.698,"end":9010.147},{"text":"or","start":9010.403,"end":9010.724},{"text":"voluntary.","start":9010.724,"end":9011.349}]},{"text":"On areas such as resource governance, due diligence and traceability, or conflict financing prevention.","start":9011.862,"end":9018.32,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":9011.862,"end":9011.91},{"text":"areas","start":9012.086,"end":9012.391},{"text":"such","start":9012.423,"end":9012.663},{"text":"as","start":9012.663,"end":9012.791},{"text":"resource","start":9012.823,"end":9013.304},{"text":"governance,","start":9013.304,"end":9013.945},{"text":"due","start":9014.346,"end":9014.474},{"text":"diligence","start":9014.586,"end":9015.211},{"text":"and","start":9015.291,"end":9015.435},{"text":"traceability,","start":9015.467,"end":9016.156},{"text":"or","start":9016.413,"end":9016.461},{"text":"conflict","start":9016.653,"end":9017.134},{"text":"financing","start":9017.15,"end":9017.663},{"text":"prevention.","start":9017.855,"end":9018.32}]},{"text":"While there remains work to be done on reducing compliance costs and administrative complexity, these different instruments forge an important institutional tapestry with mutual synergies.","start":9019.297,"end":9032.02,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":9019.297,"end":9019.505},{"text":"there","start":9019.618,"end":9019.778},{"text":"remains","start":9019.778,"end":9020.162},{"text":"work","start":9020.194,"end":9020.595},{"text":"to","start":9020.595,"end":9020.739},{"text":"be","start":9020.739,"end":9020.899},{"text":"done","start":9020.899,"end":9021.22},{"text":"on","start":9021.22,"end":9021.284},{"text":"reducing","start":9021.38,"end":9021.749},{"text":"compliance","start":9021.797,"end":9022.422},{"text":"costs","start":9022.502,"end":9023.095},{"text":"and","start":9023.399,"end":9023.559},{"text":"administrative","start":9023.64,"end":9024.329},{"text":"complexity,","start":9024.425,"end":9025.05},{"text":"these","start":9025.546,"end":9025.675},{"text":"different","start":9025.675,"end":9026.091},{"text":"instruments","start":9026.139,"end":9026.94},{"text":"forge","start":9027.309,"end":9027.613},{"text":"an","start":9027.726,"end":9027.822},{"text":"important","start":9027.822,"end":9029.088},{"text":"institutional","start":9029.729,"end":9030.354},{"text":"tapestry","start":9030.354,"end":9030.898},{"text":"with","start":9030.995,"end":9031.107},{"text":"mutual","start":9031.155,"end":9031.475},{"text":"synergies.","start":9031.475,"end":9032.02}]},{"text":"The Council can, however, better integrate the issue of natural resources into its work.","start":9032.917,"end":9039.265,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9032.917,"end":9033.014},{"text":"Council","start":9033.078,"end":9033.494},{"text":"can,","start":9033.574,"end":9033.767},{"text":"however,","start":9034.263,"end":9034.68},{"text":"better","start":9035.241,"end":9035.609},{"text":"integrate","start":9035.657,"end":9036.539},{"text":"the","start":9036.539,"end":9036.619},{"text":"issue","start":9036.619,"end":9036.891},{"text":"of","start":9037.003,"end":9037.148},{"text":"natural","start":9037.18,"end":9037.468},{"text":"resources","start":9037.564,"end":9038.189},{"text":"into","start":9038.382,"end":9038.671},{"text":"its","start":9038.687,"end":9038.815},{"text":"work.","start":9038.928,"end":9039.265}]},{"text":"Acknowledging their role and impact in specific situations, incorporating the issue in the reporting obligations of peacekeeping missions, or adequately updating relevant sanction regimes or embargoes would be 3 practical and tangible steps to making concrete progress in this area.","start":9039.923,"end":9059.56,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Acknowledging","start":9039.923,"end":9040.597},{"text":"their","start":9040.694,"end":9040.806},{"text":"role","start":9040.87,"end":9041.015},{"text":"and","start":9041.336,"end":9041.513},{"text":"impact","start":9041.513,"end":9041.978},{"text":"in","start":9041.978,"end":9042.01},{"text":"specific","start":9042.01,"end":9042.54},{"text":"situations,","start":9042.54,"end":9043.247},{"text":"incorporating","start":9043.745,"end":9044.531},{"text":"the","start":9044.628,"end":9044.788},{"text":"issue","start":9044.788,"end":9045.125},{"text":"in","start":9045.125,"end":9045.222},{"text":"the","start":9045.222,"end":9045.35},{"text":"reporting","start":9045.366,"end":9045.896},{"text":"obligations","start":9045.992,"end":9046.522},{"text":"of","start":9046.57,"end":9046.699},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":9046.731,"end":9047.341},{"text":"missions,","start":9047.438,"end":9047.823},{"text":"or","start":9048.401,"end":9048.658},{"text":"adequately","start":9048.658,"end":9049.188},{"text":"updating","start":9049.364,"end":9049.846},{"text":"relevant","start":9049.926,"end":9050.344},{"text":"sanction","start":9050.344,"end":9050.825},{"text":"regimes","start":9050.825,"end":9051.355},{"text":"or","start":9051.789,"end":9051.837},{"text":"embargoes","start":9051.869,"end":9052.479},{"text":"would","start":9052.833,"end":9053.057},{"text":"be","start":9053.057,"end":9053.266},{"text":"3","start":9053.378,"end":9053.571},{"text":"practical","start":9053.957,"end":9054.567},{"text":"and","start":9054.663,"end":9054.743},{"text":"tangible","start":9054.84,"end":9055.321},{"text":"steps","start":9055.321,"end":9055.867},{"text":"to","start":9056.221,"end":9056.333},{"text":"making","start":9056.349,"end":9056.686},{"text":"concrete","start":9056.831,"end":9057.457},{"text":"progress","start":9057.81,"end":9058.324},{"text":"in","start":9058.533,"end":9058.661},{"text":"this","start":9058.998,"end":9059.239},{"text":"area.","start":9059.239,"end":9059.56}]},{"text":"As an incoming member of the Security Council, Portugal is available to work with all partners on ways to implement practical steps towards preventing and putting an end to conflicts connected to the competition for natural resources.","start":9060.443,"end":9078.322,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9060.443,"end":9060.508},{"text":"an","start":9060.62,"end":9060.668},{"text":"incoming","start":9060.7,"end":9061.23},{"text":"member","start":9061.327,"end":9061.808},{"text":"of","start":9062.21,"end":9062.274},{"text":"the","start":9062.306,"end":9062.402},{"text":"Security","start":9062.45,"end":9063.029},{"text":"Council,","start":9063.093,"end":9063.478},{"text":"Portugal","start":9063.992,"end":9064.508},{"text":"is","start":9064.798,"end":9064.942},{"text":"available","start":9064.942,"end":9065.571},{"text":"to","start":9065.619,"end":9065.732},{"text":"work","start":9065.764,"end":9066.231},{"text":"with","start":9066.231,"end":9066.456},{"text":"all","start":9066.634,"end":9066.682},{"text":"partners","start":9067.036,"end":9067.584},{"text":"on","start":9068.019,"end":9068.115},{"text":"ways","start":9068.18,"end":9068.47},{"text":"to","start":9068.502,"end":9068.711},{"text":"implement","start":9068.759,"end":9069.468},{"text":"practical","start":9069.935,"end":9070.45},{"text":"steps","start":9070.45,"end":9071.046},{"text":"towards","start":9071.159,"end":9071.53},{"text":"preventing","start":9071.626,"end":9072.174},{"text":"and","start":9072.609,"end":9072.673},{"text":"putting","start":9072.77,"end":9073.06},{"text":"an","start":9073.238,"end":9073.302},{"text":"end","start":9073.481,"end":9073.561},{"text":"to","start":9074.225,"end":9074.274},{"text":"conflicts","start":9074.387,"end":9074.954},{"text":"connected","start":9074.954,"end":9075.488},{"text":"to","start":9075.521,"end":9075.65},{"text":"the","start":9075.667,"end":9075.715},{"text":"competition","start":9075.845,"end":9076.606},{"text":"for","start":9077.043,"end":9077.237},{"text":"natural","start":9077.237,"end":9077.642},{"text":"resources.","start":9077.707,"end":9078.322}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":9078.759,"end":9079.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9078.759,"end":9078.808},{"text":"thank","start":9078.905,"end":9079.229},{"text":"you.","start":9079.229,"end":9079.31}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Ana Isabel Xavier","affiliation":"PRT","affiliation_full":"Portugal","group":null,"function":"Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs"}},{"statement_number":60,"start":9081.172,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9082","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Your Excellency.","start":9081.172,"end":9082.912,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9081.172,"end":9081.413},{"text":"you","start":9081.413,"end":9081.51},{"text":"very","start":9081.51,"end":9081.703},{"text":"much,","start":9081.736,"end":9082.026},{"text":"Your","start":9082.122,"end":9082.251},{"text":"Excellency.","start":9082.283,"end":9082.912}]},{"text":"Maintenant, je donne la parole.","start":9083.411,"end":9084.426,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Maintenant,","start":9083.411,"end":9083.766},{"text":"je","start":9083.814,"end":9083.862},{"text":"donne","start":9083.911,"end":9084.12},{"text":"la","start":9084.152,"end":9084.249},{"text":"parole.","start":9084.313,"end":9084.426}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"And I now give the floor to the European Union, to be followed by Zimbabwe.","start":9084.539,"end":9088.228,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9084.539,"end":9084.62},{"text":"I","start":9084.62,"end":9084.636},{"text":"now","start":9084.636,"end":9084.829},{"text":"give","start":9085.506,"end":9085.618},{"text":"the","start":9085.618,"end":9085.731},{"text":"floor","start":9085.747,"end":9085.989},{"text":"to","start":9085.989,"end":9086.102},{"text":"the","start":9086.102,"end":9086.215},{"text":"European","start":9086.231,"end":9086.65},{"text":"Union,","start":9086.65,"end":9086.94},{"text":"to","start":9086.972,"end":9087.068},{"text":"be","start":9087.068,"end":9087.197},{"text":"followed","start":9087.197,"end":9087.536},{"text":"by","start":9087.536,"end":9087.713},{"text":"Zimbabwe.","start":9087.713,"end":9088.228}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":61,"start":9090.548,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9091","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, President, and allow me as well to express my appreciation for the presence of Her Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Madam Magnar, in this important meeting.","start":9090.548,"end":9100.557,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9090.548,"end":9090.725},{"text":"you,","start":9090.725,"end":9090.821},{"text":"President,","start":9090.869,"end":9091.35},{"text":"and","start":9091.527,"end":9091.88},{"text":"allow","start":9092.233,"end":9092.409},{"text":"me","start":9092.409,"end":9092.569},{"text":"as","start":9092.569,"end":9092.698},{"text":"well","start":9092.714,"end":9092.89},{"text":"to","start":9092.954,"end":9093.035},{"text":"express","start":9093.067,"end":9093.532},{"text":"my","start":9093.532,"end":9093.644},{"text":"appreciation","start":9094.414,"end":9094.975},{"text":"for","start":9094.975,"end":9095.088},{"text":"the","start":9095.088,"end":9095.216},{"text":"presence","start":9095.216,"end":9095.633},{"text":"of","start":9095.697,"end":9095.793},{"text":"Her","start":9095.842,"end":9095.938},{"text":"Excellency","start":9095.938,"end":9096.355},{"text":"the","start":9097.301,"end":9097.414},{"text":"Minister","start":9097.414,"end":9097.863},{"text":"of","start":9097.863,"end":9097.927},{"text":"Foreign","start":9097.943,"end":9098.183},{"text":"Affairs,","start":9098.183,"end":9098.552},{"text":"Madam","start":9098.825,"end":9099.114},{"text":"Magnar,","start":9099.146,"end":9099.499},{"text":"in","start":9099.707,"end":9099.755},{"text":"this","start":9099.868,"end":9100.028},{"text":"important","start":9100.028,"end":9100.333},{"text":"meeting.","start":9100.333,"end":9100.557}]},{"text":"I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the EU and its member states.","start":9100.926,"end":9105.081,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9100.926,"end":9100.942},{"text":"have","start":9101.536,"end":9101.696},{"text":"the","start":9101.696,"end":9101.776},{"text":"honour","start":9101.776,"end":9102.017},{"text":"to","start":9102.017,"end":9102.161},{"text":"deliver","start":9102.354,"end":9102.627},{"text":"this","start":9102.627,"end":9102.723},{"text":"statement","start":9102.755,"end":9103.3},{"text":"on","start":9103.3,"end":9103.445},{"text":"behalf","start":9103.477,"end":9103.814},{"text":"of","start":9103.862,"end":9103.926},{"text":"the","start":9103.958,"end":9104.118},{"text":"EU","start":9104.118,"end":9104.279},{"text":"and","start":9104.279,"end":9104.327},{"text":"its","start":9104.327,"end":9104.503},{"text":"member","start":9104.503,"end":9104.68},{"text":"states.","start":9104.68,"end":9105.081}]},{"text":"The candidate countries North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova, and Georgia, as well as Armenia, align themselves with this statement.","start":9105.706,"end":9113.021,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9105.706,"end":9105.802},{"text":"candidate","start":9105.802,"end":9106.139},{"text":"countries","start":9106.139,"end":9106.492},{"text":"North","start":9106.524,"end":9106.717},{"text":"Macedonia,","start":9106.717,"end":9107.23},{"text":"Montenegro,","start":9107.246,"end":9107.775},{"text":"Serbia,","start":9107.791,"end":9108.273},{"text":"Ukraine,","start":9108.289,"end":9108.738},{"text":"the","start":9108.77,"end":9108.85},{"text":"Republic","start":9108.85,"end":9109.251},{"text":"of","start":9109.251,"end":9109.283},{"text":"Moldova,","start":9109.283,"end":9109.893},{"text":"and","start":9110.294,"end":9110.358},{"text":"Georgia,","start":9110.438,"end":9110.839},{"text":"as","start":9110.919,"end":9110.983},{"text":"well","start":9111.016,"end":9111.16},{"text":"as","start":9111.16,"end":9111.224},{"text":"Armenia,","start":9111.32,"end":9111.721},{"text":"align","start":9111.737,"end":9112.026},{"text":"themselves","start":9112.042,"end":9112.443},{"text":"with","start":9112.443,"end":9112.539},{"text":"this","start":9112.539,"end":9112.62},{"text":"statement.","start":9112.62,"end":9113.021}]},{"text":"Chair, the EU welcomes the initiative to reflect upon the link between natural resources, peace and security, and human rights— an important yet often overlooked connection.","start":9114.304,"end":9124.292,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":9114.304,"end":9114.528},{"text":"the","start":9114.625,"end":9114.705},{"text":"EU","start":9114.849,"end":9115.042},{"text":"welcomes","start":9115.17,"end":9115.555},{"text":"the","start":9115.587,"end":9115.667},{"text":"initiative","start":9115.667,"end":9116.132},{"text":"to","start":9116.132,"end":9116.213},{"text":"reflect","start":9116.213,"end":9116.646},{"text":"upon","start":9116.646,"end":9116.87},{"text":"the","start":9116.87,"end":9117.015},{"text":"link","start":9117.031,"end":9117.351},{"text":"between","start":9117.432,"end":9117.8},{"text":"natural","start":9117.848,"end":9118.217},{"text":"resources,","start":9118.233,"end":9118.762},{"text":"peace","start":9118.938,"end":9119.066},{"text":"and","start":9119.115,"end":9119.211},{"text":"security,","start":9119.211,"end":9119.724},{"text":"and","start":9120.381,"end":9120.557},{"text":"human","start":9120.557,"end":9120.83},{"text":"rights—","start":9120.878,"end":9121.31},{"text":"an","start":9121.92,"end":9121.968},{"text":"important","start":9122.016,"end":9122.737},{"text":"yet","start":9122.801,"end":9123.026},{"text":"often","start":9123.106,"end":9123.25},{"text":"overlooked","start":9123.426,"end":9123.875},{"text":"connection.","start":9123.923,"end":9124.292}]},{"text":"Critical raw materials are indispensable for energy transition, digital transformation, and economic resilience.","start":9125.526,"end":9132.338,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Critical","start":9125.526,"end":9125.927},{"text":"raw","start":9125.991,"end":9126.103},{"text":"materials","start":9126.103,"end":9126.744},{"text":"are","start":9126.872,"end":9126.969},{"text":"indispensable","start":9127.049,"end":9127.834},{"text":"for","start":9128.155,"end":9128.331},{"text":"energy","start":9128.395,"end":9128.732},{"text":"transition,","start":9128.732,"end":9129.245},{"text":"digital","start":9130.078,"end":9130.399},{"text":"transformation,","start":9130.399,"end":9131.12},{"text":"and","start":9131.216,"end":9131.28},{"text":"economic","start":9131.312,"end":9131.841},{"text":"resilience.","start":9131.841,"end":9132.338}]},{"text":"Rather than sources of instability or conflict, they should become drivers of sustainable development and shared prosperity.","start":9133.444,"end":9140.24,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather","start":9133.444,"end":9133.749},{"text":"than","start":9133.765,"end":9133.941},{"text":"sources","start":9133.941,"end":9134.39},{"text":"of","start":9134.422,"end":9134.502},{"text":"instability","start":9134.502,"end":9135.239},{"text":"or","start":9135.368,"end":9135.416},{"text":"conflict,","start":9135.528,"end":9136.025},{"text":"they","start":9136.089,"end":9136.185},{"text":"should","start":9136.185,"end":9136.425},{"text":"become","start":9136.425,"end":9136.714},{"text":"drivers","start":9137.467,"end":9137.836},{"text":"of","start":9137.948,"end":9138.076},{"text":"sustainable","start":9138.092,"end":9138.669},{"text":"development","start":9138.669,"end":9139.295},{"text":"and","start":9139.311,"end":9139.375},{"text":"shared","start":9139.455,"end":9139.695},{"text":"prosperity.","start":9139.711,"end":9140.24}]},{"text":"The EU recognizes that the current landscape of international standards and initiatives has become increasingly complex.","start":9141.539,"end":9147.808,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9141.539,"end":9141.763},{"text":"EU","start":9141.859,"end":9142.164},{"text":"recognizes","start":9142.18,"end":9142.885},{"text":"that","start":9142.901,"end":9142.981},{"text":"the","start":9142.981,"end":9143.077},{"text":"current","start":9143.077,"end":9143.462},{"text":"landscape","start":9143.462,"end":9143.959},{"text":"of","start":9143.959,"end":9144.039},{"text":"international","start":9144.039,"end":9144.584},{"text":"standards","start":9144.584,"end":9145.065},{"text":"and","start":9145.065,"end":9145.161},{"text":"initiatives","start":9145.161,"end":9145.369},{"text":"has","start":9146.027,"end":9146.171},{"text":"become","start":9146.268,"end":9146.492},{"text":"increasingly","start":9146.669,"end":9147.214},{"text":"complex.","start":9147.246,"end":9147.808}]},{"text":"Greater coherence, interoperability, and support for implementation can help reduce unnecessary burdens while maintaining high standards of transparency, traceability, and responsible business conduct.","start":9148.915,"end":9160.305,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Greater","start":9148.915,"end":9149.171},{"text":"coherence,","start":9149.171,"end":9149.845},{"text":"interoperability,","start":9149.974,"end":9150.824},{"text":"and","start":9150.856,"end":9150.952},{"text":"support","start":9150.952,"end":9151.514},{"text":"for","start":9151.899,"end":9151.995},{"text":"implementation","start":9151.995,"end":9152.749},{"text":"can","start":9153.327,"end":9153.551},{"text":"help","start":9153.567,"end":9153.824},{"text":"reduce","start":9153.824,"end":9154.225},{"text":"unnecessary","start":9154.225,"end":9154.754},{"text":"burdens","start":9154.787,"end":9155.236},{"text":"while","start":9155.813,"end":9155.99},{"text":"maintaining","start":9155.99,"end":9156.439},{"text":"high","start":9156.471,"end":9156.632},{"text":"standards","start":9156.632,"end":9157.081},{"text":"of","start":9157.177,"end":9157.273},{"text":"transparency,","start":9157.273,"end":9157.963},{"text":"traceability,","start":9158.46,"end":9159.118},{"text":"and","start":9159.198,"end":9159.279},{"text":"responsible","start":9159.279,"end":9159.824},{"text":"business","start":9159.824,"end":9160.081},{"text":"conduct.","start":9160.145,"end":9160.305}]},{"text":"At the same time, any future international framework should build upon existing internationally recognized instruments and avoid creating duplicative or competing reporting and due diligence requirements.","start":9161.108,"end":9174.682,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":9161.108,"end":9161.204},{"text":"the","start":9161.204,"end":9161.3},{"text":"same","start":9161.3,"end":9161.493},{"text":"time,","start":9161.525,"end":9161.846},{"text":"any","start":9162.792,"end":9162.888},{"text":"future","start":9162.888,"end":9163.498},{"text":"international","start":9163.53,"end":9164.092},{"text":"framework","start":9164.092,"end":9164.669},{"text":"should","start":9164.685,"end":9164.942},{"text":"build","start":9164.974,"end":9165.423},{"text":"upon","start":9165.535,"end":9165.985},{"text":"existing","start":9166.097,"end":9166.546},{"text":"internationally","start":9167.06,"end":9167.589},{"text":"recognized","start":9167.605,"end":9168.166},{"text":"instruments","start":9168.183,"end":9168.744},{"text":"and","start":9169.225,"end":9169.322},{"text":"avoid","start":9169.386,"end":9169.851},{"text":"creating","start":9169.851,"end":9170.316},{"text":"duplicative","start":9170.83,"end":9171.375},{"text":"or","start":9171.616,"end":9171.728},{"text":"competing","start":9171.857,"end":9172.306},{"text":"reporting","start":9172.354,"end":9172.884},{"text":"and","start":9173.301,"end":9173.366},{"text":"due","start":9173.398,"end":9173.558},{"text":"diligence","start":9173.558,"end":9174.04},{"text":"requirements.","start":9174.04,"end":9174.682}]},{"text":"The European Union is strongly committed to preventing international trade in conflict minerals from intensifying or perpetuating conflicts and associated human rights violations and abuses.","start":9175.966,"end":9187.893,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9175.966,"end":9176.11},{"text":"European","start":9176.11,"end":9176.431},{"text":"Union","start":9176.431,"end":9176.672},{"text":"is","start":9176.672,"end":9176.704},{"text":"strongly","start":9176.704,"end":9177.17},{"text":"committed","start":9177.17,"end":9177.491},{"text":"to","start":9177.491,"end":9177.635},{"text":"preventing","start":9177.635,"end":9178.021},{"text":"international","start":9178.069,"end":9178.679},{"text":"trade","start":9178.679,"end":9179.064},{"text":"in","start":9180.204,"end":9180.348},{"text":"conflict","start":9180.38,"end":9180.862},{"text":"minerals","start":9180.862,"end":9181.392},{"text":"from","start":9181.889,"end":9182.018},{"text":"intensifying","start":9182.13,"end":9183.157},{"text":"or","start":9183.43,"end":9183.51},{"text":"perpetuating","start":9183.51,"end":9184.249},{"text":"conflicts","start":9184.313,"end":9184.955},{"text":"and","start":9185.196,"end":9185.26},{"text":"associated","start":9185.276,"end":9185.838},{"text":"human","start":9185.838,"end":9186.095},{"text":"rights","start":9186.143,"end":9186.4},{"text":"violations","start":9186.4,"end":9187.01},{"text":"and","start":9187.363,"end":9187.427},{"text":"abuses.","start":9187.443,"end":9187.893}]},{"text":"And we are doing so in line with the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.","start":9188.888,"end":9194.217,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9188.888,"end":9188.952},{"text":"we","start":9188.952,"end":9189.016},{"text":"are","start":9189.016,"end":9189.048},{"text":"doing","start":9189.048,"end":9189.177},{"text":"so","start":9189.225,"end":9189.482},{"text":"in","start":9189.53,"end":9189.578},{"text":"line","start":9189.691,"end":9189.98},{"text":"with","start":9190.172,"end":9190.284},{"text":"the","start":9190.317,"end":9190.413},{"text":"UN","start":9190.477,"end":9190.702},{"text":"Guiding","start":9191.842,"end":9192.066},{"text":"Principles","start":9192.098,"end":9192.66},{"text":"on","start":9192.66,"end":9192.821},{"text":"Business","start":9192.821,"end":9193.254},{"text":"and","start":9193.543,"end":9193.607},{"text":"Human","start":9193.623,"end":9193.848},{"text":"Rights.","start":9193.928,"end":9194.217}]},{"text":"The EU Conflict Minerals Regulation was adopted in 2017.","start":9195.453,"end":9199.129,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9195.453,"end":9195.614},{"text":"EU","start":9195.694,"end":9195.919},{"text":"Conflict","start":9195.951,"end":9196.368},{"text":"Minerals","start":9196.368,"end":9196.802},{"text":"Regulation","start":9196.834,"end":9197.476},{"text":"was","start":9197.54,"end":9197.652},{"text":"adopted","start":9197.652,"end":9198.022},{"text":"in","start":9198.022,"end":9198.086},{"text":"2017.","start":9198.182,"end":9199.129}]},{"text":"And its operational requirements applied since 2021.","start":9199.706,"end":9202.415,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9199.706,"end":9199.787},{"text":"its","start":9199.787,"end":9199.899},{"text":"operational","start":9199.899,"end":9200.428},{"text":"requirements","start":9200.428,"end":9200.989},{"text":"applied","start":9200.989,"end":9201.213},{"text":"since","start":9201.261,"end":9201.678},{"text":"2021.","start":9201.71,"end":9202.415}]},{"text":"The aims of the regulation are to stop profits from trading conflict minerals being used to fund armed conflicts and at the same time to make responsible sourcing from conflict-affected and high-risk areas possible.","start":9203.633,"end":9218.363,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9203.633,"end":9203.794},{"text":"aims","start":9203.874,"end":9204.098},{"text":"of","start":9204.114,"end":9204.194},{"text":"the","start":9204.21,"end":9204.29},{"text":"regulation","start":9204.29,"end":9204.851},{"text":"are","start":9204.916,"end":9205.012},{"text":"to","start":9205.012,"end":9205.14},{"text":"stop","start":9205.156,"end":9205.653},{"text":"profits","start":9205.797,"end":9206.39},{"text":"from","start":9206.759,"end":9206.903},{"text":"trading","start":9207.079,"end":9207.384},{"text":"conflict","start":9207.48,"end":9207.881},{"text":"minerals","start":9207.881,"end":9208.346},{"text":"being","start":9208.378,"end":9208.586},{"text":"used","start":9208.698,"end":9209.195},{"text":"to","start":9209.516,"end":9209.628},{"text":"fund","start":9209.644,"end":9210.028},{"text":"armed","start":9210.285,"end":9210.461},{"text":"conflicts","start":9210.461,"end":9210.974},{"text":"and","start":9211.808,"end":9211.968},{"text":"at","start":9211.968,"end":9212.032},{"text":"the","start":9212.048,"end":9212.144},{"text":"same","start":9212.144,"end":9212.337},{"text":"time","start":9212.385,"end":9212.689},{"text":"to","start":9213.186,"end":9213.266},{"text":"make","start":9213.266,"end":9213.458},{"text":"responsible","start":9213.507,"end":9214.228},{"text":"sourcing","start":9214.228,"end":9214.661},{"text":"from","start":9215.013,"end":9215.254},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":9215.254,"end":9216.119},{"text":"and","start":9216.456,"end":9216.536},{"text":"high-risk","start":9216.536,"end":9217.498},{"text":"areas","start":9217.578,"end":9217.882},{"text":"possible.","start":9217.978,"end":9218.363}]},{"text":"We are convinced, Mr. Chair, that partnerships should also ensure that producing countries derive greater value from their natural resources, including through local value addition, investment, capacity building and skills development.","start":9219.517,"end":9236.458,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9219.517,"end":9219.645},{"text":"are","start":9219.661,"end":9219.741},{"text":"convinced,","start":9219.741,"end":9220.463},{"text":"Mr.","start":9220.479,"end":9220.623},{"text":"Chair,","start":9220.719,"end":9220.896},{"text":"that","start":9221.761,"end":9222.05},{"text":"partnerships","start":9222.082,"end":9222.883},{"text":"should","start":9222.883,"end":9223.091},{"text":"also","start":9223.348,"end":9223.749},{"text":"ensure","start":9223.749,"end":9224.037},{"text":"that","start":9224.646,"end":9224.806},{"text":"producing","start":9224.806,"end":9225.255},{"text":"countries","start":9225.512,"end":9225.896},{"text":"derive","start":9226.089,"end":9226.618},{"text":"greater","start":9226.65,"end":9226.986},{"text":"value","start":9226.986,"end":9227.467},{"text":"from","start":9228.077,"end":9228.398},{"text":"their","start":9228.478,"end":9228.591},{"text":"natural","start":9228.591,"end":9229.12},{"text":"resources,","start":9229.12,"end":9229.586},{"text":"including","start":9230.405,"end":9230.79},{"text":"through","start":9230.822,"end":9231.111},{"text":"local","start":9231.127,"end":9231.513},{"text":"value","start":9231.85,"end":9232.187},{"text":"addition,","start":9232.187,"end":9232.605},{"text":"investment,","start":9233.231,"end":9233.889},{"text":"capacity","start":9234.275,"end":9234.917},{"text":"building","start":9234.917,"end":9235.206},{"text":"and","start":9235.479,"end":9235.543},{"text":"skills","start":9235.623,"end":9235.977},{"text":"development.","start":9235.977,"end":9236.458}]},{"text":"This is the approach underpinning the EU Raw Materials Partnership with partner countries and translated into concrete Global Gateway investments, including the Lobito Corridor.","start":9237.325,"end":9247.762,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9237.325,"end":9237.47},{"text":"is","start":9237.566,"end":9237.614},{"text":"the","start":9237.711,"end":9237.807},{"text":"approach","start":9237.807,"end":9238.192},{"text":"underpinning","start":9238.273,"end":9238.658},{"text":"the","start":9238.77,"end":9238.915},{"text":"EU","start":9238.995,"end":9239.236},{"text":"Raw","start":9239.252,"end":9239.364},{"text":"Materials","start":9239.413,"end":9239.943},{"text":"Partnership","start":9240.055,"end":9240.601},{"text":"with","start":9241.099,"end":9241.323},{"text":"partner","start":9241.339,"end":9241.725},{"text":"countries","start":9241.725,"end":9242.11},{"text":"and","start":9242.223,"end":9242.287},{"text":"translated","start":9242.303,"end":9242.993},{"text":"into","start":9243.491,"end":9243.732},{"text":"concrete","start":9243.732,"end":9244.278},{"text":"Global","start":9244.31,"end":9244.792},{"text":"Gateway","start":9244.792,"end":9245.209},{"text":"investments,","start":9245.209,"end":9245.916},{"text":"including","start":9246.317,"end":9246.767},{"text":"the","start":9246.799,"end":9246.879},{"text":"Lobito","start":9246.895,"end":9247.361},{"text":"Corridor.","start":9247.361,"end":9247.762}]},{"text":"Let me further highlight one aspect particularly relevant for peace and security.","start":9248.709,"end":9252.579,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":9248.709,"end":9248.806},{"text":"me","start":9248.806,"end":9248.95},{"text":"further","start":9248.95,"end":9249.255},{"text":"highlight","start":9249.271,"end":9249.689},{"text":"one","start":9249.689,"end":9249.801},{"text":"aspect","start":9249.849,"end":9250.251},{"text":"particularly","start":9250.251,"end":9250.7},{"text":"relevant","start":9250.717,"end":9251.118},{"text":"for","start":9251.118,"end":9251.198},{"text":"peace","start":9251.278,"end":9251.568},{"text":"and","start":9252.001,"end":9252.065},{"text":"security.","start":9252.097,"end":9252.579}]},{"text":"Conflict diamonds have played a major role in funding some of the most devastating civil wars in Africa.","start":9253.27,"end":9258.594,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Conflict","start":9253.27,"end":9253.67},{"text":"diamonds","start":9253.702,"end":9254.184},{"text":"have","start":9254.729,"end":9254.873},{"text":"played","start":9254.889,"end":9255.13},{"text":"a","start":9255.13,"end":9255.146},{"text":"major","start":9255.146,"end":9255.547},{"text":"role","start":9255.547,"end":9255.851},{"text":"in","start":9255.851,"end":9255.9},{"text":"funding","start":9256.012,"end":9256.316},{"text":"some","start":9256.365,"end":9256.589},{"text":"of","start":9256.589,"end":9256.685},{"text":"the","start":9256.685,"end":9256.765},{"text":"most","start":9256.765,"end":9257.022},{"text":"devastating","start":9257.07,"end":9257.567},{"text":"civil","start":9257.567,"end":9257.872},{"text":"wars","start":9257.872,"end":9258.113},{"text":"in","start":9258.113,"end":9258.193},{"text":"Africa.","start":9258.193,"end":9258.594}]},{"text":"We have come a long way since the Kimberley Process was established, which has had valuable impact in improving the lives of people dependent on the trade of diamonds.","start":9259.315,"end":9268.633,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9259.315,"end":9259.396},{"text":"have","start":9259.396,"end":9259.508},{"text":"come","start":9259.556,"end":9259.748},{"text":"a","start":9259.941,"end":9260.021},{"text":"long","start":9260.021,"end":9260.165},{"text":"way","start":9260.278,"end":9260.438},{"text":"since","start":9260.438,"end":9260.727},{"text":"the","start":9260.759,"end":9260.839},{"text":"Kimberley","start":9260.839,"end":9261.16},{"text":"Process","start":9261.16,"end":9261.625},{"text":"was","start":9261.625,"end":9261.689},{"text":"established,","start":9261.721,"end":9262.282},{"text":"which","start":9262.683,"end":9262.811},{"text":"has","start":9262.843,"end":9262.972},{"text":"had","start":9263.004,"end":9263.373},{"text":"valuable","start":9264.19,"end":9264.591},{"text":"impact","start":9264.607,"end":9265.089},{"text":"in","start":9265.089,"end":9265.137},{"text":"improving","start":9265.153,"end":9265.602},{"text":"the","start":9265.73,"end":9265.81},{"text":"lives","start":9265.81,"end":9266.067},{"text":"of","start":9266.115,"end":9266.211},{"text":"people","start":9266.211,"end":9266.66},{"text":"dependent","start":9266.933,"end":9267.574},{"text":"on","start":9267.654,"end":9267.719},{"text":"the","start":9267.719,"end":9267.815},{"text":"trade","start":9267.815,"end":9268.071},{"text":"of","start":9268.071,"end":9268.152},{"text":"diamonds.","start":9268.152,"end":9268.633}]},{"text":"From the very creation of the Kimberley Process, the EU has been committed to ensuring that it continues to fulfill its core mandate of breaking the link between diamonds and conflict.","start":9269.322,"end":9279.409,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":9269.322,"end":9269.418},{"text":"the","start":9269.483,"end":9269.563},{"text":"very","start":9269.563,"end":9269.739},{"text":"creation","start":9269.739,"end":9270.188},{"text":"of","start":9270.22,"end":9270.3},{"text":"the","start":9270.3,"end":9270.397},{"text":"Kimberley","start":9270.397,"end":9270.701},{"text":"Process,","start":9270.701,"end":9271.263},{"text":"the","start":9271.648,"end":9271.808},{"text":"EU","start":9271.888,"end":9272.113},{"text":"has","start":9272.129,"end":9272.273},{"text":"been","start":9272.289,"end":9272.433},{"text":"committed","start":9272.465,"end":9272.834},{"text":"to","start":9272.882,"end":9273.027},{"text":"ensuring","start":9273.027,"end":9273.476},{"text":"that","start":9273.909,"end":9274.053},{"text":"it","start":9274.053,"end":9274.133},{"text":"continues","start":9274.133,"end":9274.534},{"text":"to","start":9274.534,"end":9274.63},{"text":"fulfill","start":9274.695,"end":9275.176},{"text":"its","start":9275.176,"end":9275.352},{"text":"core","start":9275.352,"end":9275.544},{"text":"mandate","start":9275.561,"end":9276.122},{"text":"of","start":9276.459,"end":9276.603},{"text":"breaking","start":9276.699,"end":9277.068},{"text":"the","start":9277.116,"end":9277.26},{"text":"link","start":9277.26,"end":9277.613},{"text":"between","start":9277.998,"end":9278.287},{"text":"diamonds","start":9278.383,"end":9278.816},{"text":"and","start":9278.944,"end":9279.024},{"text":"conflict.","start":9279.04,"end":9279.409}]},{"text":"The EU has funded around €10 million in projects aimed to reinforce governance in the diamond sector and the development of alternative livelihoods.","start":9280.294,"end":9289.341,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9280.294,"end":9280.391},{"text":"EU","start":9280.472,"end":9280.699},{"text":"has","start":9280.699,"end":9280.844},{"text":"funded","start":9280.941,"end":9281.216},{"text":"around","start":9281.216,"end":9281.524},{"text":"€10","start":9281.605,"end":9281.815},{"text":"million","start":9281.848,"end":9282.139},{"text":"in","start":9283.126,"end":9283.207},{"text":"projects","start":9283.304,"end":9283.984},{"text":"aimed","start":9284.34,"end":9284.518},{"text":"to","start":9284.518,"end":9284.615},{"text":"reinforce","start":9284.68,"end":9285.23},{"text":"governance","start":9285.246,"end":9285.732},{"text":"in","start":9286.055,"end":9286.104},{"text":"the","start":9286.136,"end":9286.233},{"text":"diamond","start":9286.298,"end":9286.686},{"text":"sector","start":9286.686,"end":9287.091},{"text":"and","start":9287.512,"end":9287.577},{"text":"the","start":9287.577,"end":9287.674},{"text":"development","start":9287.674,"end":9288.321},{"text":"of","start":9288.321,"end":9288.37},{"text":"alternative","start":9288.37,"end":9288.774},{"text":"livelihoods.","start":9288.806,"end":9289.341}]},{"text":"So in closing, Chair, the EU supports the Council's focus on this important issue and we are looking forward to the open debate next week.","start":9290.085,"end":9297.399,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9290.085,"end":9290.247},{"text":"in","start":9290.247,"end":9290.312},{"text":"closing,","start":9290.344,"end":9290.732},{"text":"Chair,","start":9290.748,"end":9290.943},{"text":"the","start":9291.622,"end":9291.719},{"text":"EU","start":9291.8,"end":9292.043},{"text":"supports","start":9292.043,"end":9292.61},{"text":"the","start":9292.61,"end":9292.755},{"text":"Council's","start":9292.755,"end":9293.16},{"text":"focus","start":9293.16,"end":9293.581},{"text":"on","start":9293.581,"end":9293.629},{"text":"this","start":9293.662,"end":9293.823},{"text":"important","start":9293.823,"end":9294.309},{"text":"issue","start":9294.309,"end":9294.503},{"text":"and","start":9295.118,"end":9295.199},{"text":"we","start":9295.199,"end":9295.345},{"text":"are","start":9295.345,"end":9295.426},{"text":"looking","start":9295.426,"end":9295.733},{"text":"forward","start":9295.749,"end":9296.138},{"text":"to","start":9296.154,"end":9296.251},{"text":"the","start":9296.251,"end":9296.348},{"text":"open","start":9296.413,"end":9296.575},{"text":"debate","start":9296.575,"end":9297.06},{"text":"next","start":9297.06,"end":9297.222},{"text":"week.","start":9297.222,"end":9297.399}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":9297.447,"end":9297.849,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9297.447,"end":9297.688},{"text":"you.","start":9297.688,"end":9297.849}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"EU","affiliation_full":"EU","group":"EU","function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":62,"start":9301.886,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9302","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the European Union and give the floor to Zimbabwe to be followed by Ukraine.","start":9301.886,"end":9305.901,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9301.886,"end":9301.902},{"text":"thank","start":9301.966,"end":9302.368},{"text":"the","start":9302.513,"end":9302.609},{"text":"European","start":9302.609,"end":9302.979},{"text":"Union","start":9303.011,"end":9303.381},{"text":"and","start":9303.413,"end":9303.478},{"text":"give","start":9303.574,"end":9303.815},{"text":"the","start":9303.815,"end":9303.896},{"text":"floor","start":9303.896,"end":9304.218},{"text":"to","start":9304.218,"end":9304.378},{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":9304.378,"end":9304.861},{"text":"to","start":9304.861,"end":9305.086},{"text":"be","start":9305.02,"end":9305.068},{"text":"followed","start":9305.132,"end":9305.436},{"text":"by","start":9305.436,"end":9305.596},{"text":"Ukraine.","start":9305.596,"end":9305.901}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":63,"start":9307.375,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9308","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair. We thank Her Excellency Ms. Therese Kwayikwamba Wegener, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for her presence today and delivering the opening remarks.","start":9307.375,"end":9318.801,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9307.375,"end":9307.6},{"text":"you,","start":9307.6,"end":9307.68},{"text":"Chair.","start":9307.696,"end":9308.016},{"text":"We","start":9308.721,"end":9308.817},{"text":"thank","start":9308.817,"end":9309.074},{"text":"Her","start":9309.074,"end":9309.154},{"text":"Excellency","start":9309.282,"end":9309.827},{"text":"Ms.","start":9309.859,"end":9310.083},{"text":"Therese","start":9310.164,"end":9310.548},{"text":"Kwayikwamba","start":9310.66,"end":9311.333},{"text":"Wegener,","start":9311.333,"end":9311.75},{"text":"Minister","start":9311.926,"end":9312.311},{"text":"of","start":9312.327,"end":9312.391},{"text":"Foreign","start":9312.407,"end":9312.551},{"text":"Affairs","start":9312.663,"end":9312.952},{"text":"of","start":9313.048,"end":9313.144},{"text":"the","start":9313.144,"end":9313.288},{"text":"Democratic","start":9313.288,"end":9313.929},{"text":"Republic","start":9313.929,"end":9314.346},{"text":"of","start":9314.346,"end":9314.474},{"text":"the","start":9314.506,"end":9314.651},{"text":"Congo,","start":9314.651,"end":9314.971},{"text":"for","start":9315.452,"end":9315.548},{"text":"her","start":9315.548,"end":9315.708},{"text":"presence","start":9315.708,"end":9316.189},{"text":"today","start":9316.189,"end":9316.574},{"text":"and","start":9317.15,"end":9317.279},{"text":"delivering","start":9317.391,"end":9317.84},{"text":"the","start":9317.936,"end":9318.032},{"text":"opening","start":9318.032,"end":9318.352},{"text":"remarks.","start":9318.432,"end":9318.801}]},{"text":"We also thank all the briefers.","start":9319.073,"end":9320.564,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9319.073,"end":9319.218},{"text":"also","start":9319.234,"end":9319.554},{"text":"thank","start":9319.554,"end":9319.795},{"text":"all","start":9319.859,"end":9319.907},{"text":"the","start":9320.019,"end":9320.131},{"text":"briefers.","start":9320.131,"end":9320.564}]},{"text":"Zimbabwe extends its sincere appreciation to the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this important Area Formula meeting on the relationship between natural resources and peace.","start":9321.573,"end":9331.718,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":9321.573,"end":9321.958},{"text":"extends","start":9322.022,"end":9322.407},{"text":"its","start":9322.439,"end":9322.503},{"text":"sincere","start":9322.503,"end":9323.064},{"text":"appreciation","start":9323.064,"end":9323.753},{"text":"to","start":9323.881,"end":9323.961},{"text":"the","start":9323.961,"end":9324.121},{"text":"Democratic","start":9324.121,"end":9324.907},{"text":"Republic","start":9324.907,"end":9325.323},{"text":"of","start":9325.323,"end":9325.451},{"text":"the","start":9325.484,"end":9325.628},{"text":"Congo","start":9325.628,"end":9325.9},{"text":"for","start":9326.365,"end":9326.509},{"text":"convening","start":9326.525,"end":9326.99},{"text":"this","start":9327.086,"end":9327.198},{"text":"important","start":9327.31,"end":9327.791},{"text":"Area","start":9327.791,"end":9328.048},{"text":"Formula","start":9328.048,"end":9328.464},{"text":"meeting","start":9328.464,"end":9328.817},{"text":"on","start":9329.153,"end":9329.201},{"text":"the","start":9329.249,"end":9329.33},{"text":"relationship","start":9329.33,"end":9329.89},{"text":"between","start":9329.89,"end":9330.291},{"text":"natural","start":9330.291,"end":9330.644},{"text":"resources","start":9330.612,"end":9331.141},{"text":"and","start":9331.317,"end":9331.494},{"text":"peace.","start":9331.494,"end":9331.718}]},{"text":"We further commend the DRRC for bringing together the Security Council and the wider United Nations membership to reflect on whether the existing international normative framework adequately addresses peace, security governance, and development dimensions of natural resources.","start":9332.52,"end":9349.743,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9332.52,"end":9332.616},{"text":"further","start":9332.616,"end":9332.937},{"text":"commend","start":9332.937,"end":9333.466},{"text":"the","start":9333.578,"end":9333.739},{"text":"DRRC","start":9333.739,"end":9334.3},{"text":"for","start":9334.3,"end":9334.46},{"text":"bringing","start":9334.524,"end":9334.829},{"text":"together","start":9334.861,"end":9335.262},{"text":"the","start":9335.278,"end":9335.422},{"text":"Security","start":9335.422,"end":9335.984},{"text":"Council","start":9335.984,"end":9336.369},{"text":"and","start":9336.93,"end":9337.026},{"text":"the","start":9337.026,"end":9337.106},{"text":"wider","start":9337.106,"end":9337.427},{"text":"United","start":9337.491,"end":9337.908},{"text":"Nations","start":9337.908,"end":9338.325},{"text":"membership","start":9338.325,"end":9338.95},{"text":"to","start":9339.111,"end":9339.207},{"text":"reflect","start":9339.207,"end":9339.913},{"text":"on","start":9339.913,"end":9339.961},{"text":"whether","start":9339.993,"end":9340.233},{"text":"the","start":9340.314,"end":9340.458},{"text":"existing","start":9340.458,"end":9341.003},{"text":"international","start":9341.516,"end":9342.158},{"text":"normative","start":9342.158,"end":9342.607},{"text":"framework","start":9342.639,"end":9343.136},{"text":"adequately","start":9343.441,"end":9343.97},{"text":"addresses","start":9343.986,"end":9344.531},{"text":"peace,","start":9344.868,"end":9345.076},{"text":"security","start":9345.862,"end":9346.536},{"text":"governance,","start":9346.552,"end":9347.129},{"text":"and","start":9347.273,"end":9347.37},{"text":"development","start":9347.37,"end":9348.091},{"text":"dimensions","start":9348.091,"end":9348.669},{"text":"of","start":9348.733,"end":9348.893},{"text":"natural","start":9348.893,"end":9349.214},{"text":"resources.","start":9349.214,"end":9349.743}]},{"text":"Natural resources should be a blessing and not a curse.","start":9350.577,"end":9353.528,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":9350.577,"end":9350.93},{"text":"resources","start":9350.978,"end":9351.507},{"text":"should","start":9351.764,"end":9351.988},{"text":"be","start":9352.02,"end":9352.164},{"text":"a","start":9352.164,"end":9352.261},{"text":"blessing","start":9352.261,"end":9352.71},{"text":"and","start":9352.902,"end":9352.982},{"text":"not","start":9353.046,"end":9353.223},{"text":"a","start":9353.223,"end":9353.303},{"text":"curse.","start":9353.303,"end":9353.528}]},{"text":"They have the potential to drive industrialization, create employment, finance development, and accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.","start":9354.265,"end":9363.131,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9354.265,"end":9354.394},{"text":"have","start":9354.394,"end":9354.474},{"text":"the","start":9354.506,"end":9354.65},{"text":"potential","start":9354.65,"end":9355.292},{"text":"to","start":9355.308,"end":9355.436},{"text":"drive","start":9355.452,"end":9355.757},{"text":"industrialization,","start":9355.869,"end":9356.959},{"text":"create","start":9357.216,"end":9357.649},{"text":"employment,","start":9357.649,"end":9358.354},{"text":"finance","start":9358.739,"end":9359.22},{"text":"development,","start":9359.22,"end":9359.877},{"text":"and","start":9359.957,"end":9360.117},{"text":"accelerate","start":9360.117,"end":9360.759},{"text":"the","start":9360.759,"end":9360.919},{"text":"achievement","start":9360.919,"end":9361.4},{"text":"of","start":9361.4,"end":9361.496},{"text":"the","start":9361.496,"end":9361.576},{"text":"Sustainable","start":9361.576,"end":9362.266},{"text":"Development","start":9362.266,"end":9362.779},{"text":"Goals.","start":9362.827,"end":9363.131}]},{"text":"Yet, where governance is weak and criminal networks operate with impunity, the illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources can finance armed groups, fuel terrorism, prolong conflict, and undermine legitimate state security.","start":9363.869,"end":9380.124,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":9363.869,"end":9364.205},{"text":"where","start":9364.446,"end":9364.67},{"text":"governance","start":9364.67,"end":9365.183},{"text":"is","start":9365.183,"end":9365.295},{"text":"weak","start":9365.408,"end":9365.664},{"text":"and","start":9366.113,"end":9366.273},{"text":"criminal","start":9366.273,"end":9366.642},{"text":"networks","start":9366.69,"end":9367.251},{"text":"operate","start":9367.331,"end":9367.812},{"text":"with","start":9367.812,"end":9367.973},{"text":"impunity,","start":9367.973,"end":9368.582},{"text":"the","start":9369.095,"end":9369.175},{"text":"illicit","start":9369.175,"end":9369.656},{"text":"exploitation","start":9369.72,"end":9370.506},{"text":"and","start":9370.762,"end":9370.858},{"text":"trafficking","start":9370.858,"end":9371.307},{"text":"of","start":9371.339,"end":9371.467},{"text":"natural","start":9371.499,"end":9371.836},{"text":"resources","start":9371.836,"end":9372.429},{"text":"can","start":9372.541,"end":9372.75},{"text":"finance","start":9372.846,"end":9373.295},{"text":"armed","start":9373.487,"end":9373.712},{"text":"groups,","start":9373.744,"end":9374.145},{"text":"fuel","start":9374.609,"end":9374.962},{"text":"terrorism,","start":9375.042,"end":9375.635},{"text":"prolong","start":9375.908,"end":9376.357},{"text":"conflict,","start":9376.469,"end":9377.046},{"text":"and","start":9377.431,"end":9377.559},{"text":"undermine","start":9377.655,"end":9378.12},{"text":"legitimate","start":9378.152,"end":9378.81},{"text":"state","start":9379.194,"end":9379.515},{"text":"security.","start":9379.515,"end":9380.124}]},{"text":"These are the challenges that require our collective attention.","start":9381.118,"end":9384.612,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":9381.118,"end":9381.246},{"text":"are","start":9381.342,"end":9381.374},{"text":"the","start":9381.374,"end":9381.519},{"text":"challenges","start":9381.519,"end":9381.968},{"text":"that","start":9382,"end":9382.224},{"text":"require","start":9382.224,"end":9384.501},{"text":"our","start":9383.186,"end":9383.362},{"text":"collective","start":9383.362,"end":9383.891},{"text":"attention.","start":9384.083,"end":9384.612}]},{"text":"Chair, my delegation wishes to make 4 observations.","start":9385.189,"end":9388.618,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":9385.189,"end":9385.526},{"text":"my","start":9386.263,"end":9386.343},{"text":"delegation","start":9386.407,"end":9386.968},{"text":"wishes","start":9386.968,"end":9387.256},{"text":"to","start":9387.288,"end":9387.417},{"text":"make","start":9387.417,"end":9387.673},{"text":"4","start":9387.673,"end":9387.801},{"text":"observations.","start":9387.849,"end":9388.618}]},{"text":"First, natural resources are not in themselves a threat to international peace and security.","start":9388.811,"end":9394.179,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":9388.811,"end":9389.291},{"text":"natural","start":9389.852,"end":9390.237},{"text":"resources","start":9390.237,"end":9390.702},{"text":"are","start":9390.878,"end":9390.974},{"text":"not","start":9390.974,"end":9391.295},{"text":"in","start":9391.295,"end":9391.343},{"text":"themselves","start":9391.375,"end":9391.904},{"text":"a","start":9392.096,"end":9392.112},{"text":"threat","start":9392.24,"end":9392.577},{"text":"to","start":9392.577,"end":9392.657},{"text":"international","start":9392.657,"end":9393.17},{"text":"peace","start":9393.218,"end":9393.458},{"text":"and","start":9393.458,"end":9393.538},{"text":"security.","start":9393.538,"end":9394.179}]},{"text":"The real danger lies in their illegal exploitation by armed groups, terrorist organizations, transnational criminal networks, and mercenary actors, often sustained by illicit financial flows and the proliferation of small arms and light weapons.","start":9394.804,"end":9410.173,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9394.804,"end":9394.98},{"text":"real","start":9394.98,"end":9395.109},{"text":"danger","start":9395.221,"end":9395.782},{"text":"lies","start":9395.846,"end":9396.07},{"text":"in","start":9396.182,"end":9396.326},{"text":"their","start":9396.326,"end":9396.503},{"text":"illegal","start":9396.503,"end":9397},{"text":"exploitation","start":9397,"end":9397.737},{"text":"by","start":9398.025,"end":9398.265},{"text":"armed","start":9398.265,"end":9398.474},{"text":"groups,","start":9398.506,"end":9398.923},{"text":"terrorist","start":9399.227,"end":9399.788},{"text":"organizations,","start":9399.788,"end":9400.637},{"text":"transnational","start":9401.054,"end":9401.791},{"text":"criminal","start":9401.791,"end":9402.192},{"text":"networks,","start":9402.192,"end":9402.753},{"text":"and","start":9403.137,"end":9403.297},{"text":"mercenary","start":9403.297,"end":9403.778},{"text":"actors,","start":9403.858,"end":9404.243},{"text":"often","start":9404.836,"end":9405.076},{"text":"sustained","start":9405.076,"end":9405.653},{"text":"by","start":9405.653,"end":9405.797},{"text":"illicit","start":9405.813,"end":9406.246},{"text":"financial","start":9406.278,"end":9406.711},{"text":"flows","start":9406.759,"end":9407.127},{"text":"and","start":9407.224,"end":9407.32},{"text":"the","start":9407.32,"end":9407.416},{"text":"proliferation","start":9407.416,"end":9408.249},{"text":"of","start":9408.698,"end":9408.778},{"text":"small","start":9408.826,"end":9409.147},{"text":"arms","start":9409.227,"end":9409.371},{"text":"and","start":9409.403,"end":9409.564},{"text":"light","start":9409.564,"end":9409.788},{"text":"weapons.","start":9409.788,"end":9410.173}]},{"text":"Any future normative framework should therefore target these criminal ecosystems rather than constrain the legitimate development aspirations of sovereign states.","start":9410.99,"end":9420.352,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":9410.99,"end":9411.215},{"text":"future","start":9411.247,"end":9411.647},{"text":"normative","start":9411.647,"end":9412.112},{"text":"framework","start":9412.112,"end":9412.689},{"text":"should","start":9412.834,"end":9413.058},{"text":"therefore","start":9413.154,"end":9413.571},{"text":"target","start":9413.571,"end":9414.036},{"text":"these","start":9414.036,"end":9414.18},{"text":"criminal","start":9414.373,"end":9414.838},{"text":"ecosystems","start":9414.838,"end":9415.543},{"text":"rather","start":9416.056,"end":9416.296},{"text":"than","start":9416.296,"end":9416.425},{"text":"constrain","start":9416.537,"end":9417.146},{"text":"the","start":9417.178,"end":9417.322},{"text":"legitimate","start":9417.322,"end":9417.851},{"text":"development","start":9417.899,"end":9418.525},{"text":"aspirations","start":9418.525,"end":9419.23},{"text":"of","start":9419.502,"end":9419.583},{"text":"sovereign","start":9419.583,"end":9419.983},{"text":"states.","start":9419.999,"end":9420.352}]},{"text":"Second, Zimbabwe attaches the highest importance to the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources, as affirmed in General Assembly Resolution 1803/17.","start":9420.961,"end":9432.936,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":9420.961,"end":9421.522},{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":9421.923,"end":9422.356},{"text":"attaches","start":9422.372,"end":9422.917},{"text":"the","start":9423.013,"end":9423.109},{"text":"highest","start":9423.109,"end":9423.59},{"text":"importance","start":9423.59,"end":9424.231},{"text":"to","start":9424.231,"end":9424.328},{"text":"the","start":9424.392,"end":9424.552},{"text":"principle","start":9424.552,"end":9424.985},{"text":"of","start":9425.033,"end":9425.161},{"text":"permanent","start":9425.257,"end":9425.578},{"text":"sovereignty","start":9425.578,"end":9426.203},{"text":"over","start":9426.299,"end":9426.411},{"text":"natural","start":9426.411,"end":9426.828},{"text":"resources,","start":9426.876,"end":9428.287},{"text":"as","start":9428.463,"end":9428.848},{"text":"affirmed","start":9429.105,"end":9429.537},{"text":"in","start":9429.537,"end":9429.65},{"text":"General","start":9429.682,"end":9429.906},{"text":"Assembly","start":9429.906,"end":9430.403},{"text":"Resolution","start":9430.403,"end":9431.028},{"text":"1803/17.","start":9431.124,"end":9432.936}]},{"text":"Every state has a sovereign right to determine how its natural wealth is exploited, managed, processed, and utilized in pursuit of its national development priorities.","start":9434.074,"end":9445.908,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":9434.074,"end":9434.33},{"text":"state","start":9434.33,"end":9435.148},{"text":"has","start":9434.956,"end":9435.1},{"text":"a","start":9435.213,"end":9435.245},{"text":"sovereign","start":9435.293,"end":9435.711},{"text":"right","start":9435.759,"end":9436.032},{"text":"to","start":9436.176,"end":9436.321},{"text":"determine","start":9436.321,"end":9436.786},{"text":"how","start":9436.803,"end":9436.931},{"text":"its","start":9436.979,"end":9437.156},{"text":"natural","start":9437.156,"end":9437.589},{"text":"wealth","start":9437.622,"end":9437.911},{"text":"is","start":9437.959,"end":9438.103},{"text":"exploited,","start":9438.103,"end":9438.794},{"text":"managed,","start":9439.484,"end":9440.078},{"text":"processed,","start":9440.496,"end":9441.154},{"text":"and","start":9441.299,"end":9441.459},{"text":"utilized","start":9441.459,"end":9442.134},{"text":"in","start":9442.359,"end":9442.439},{"text":"pursuit","start":9442.439,"end":9442.905},{"text":"of","start":9442.905,"end":9443.37},{"text":"its","start":9443.804,"end":9444.029},{"text":"national","start":9444.029,"end":9444.735},{"text":"development","start":9444.784,"end":9445.33},{"text":"priorities.","start":9445.33,"end":9445.908}]},{"text":"Any future framework should therefore reinforce rather than diminish natural— national ownership and sovereign responsibility.","start":9446.614,"end":9454.017,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":9446.614,"end":9446.855},{"text":"future","start":9446.855,"end":9447.257},{"text":"framework","start":9447.257,"end":9447.835},{"text":"should","start":9447.963,"end":9448.204},{"text":"therefore","start":9448.204,"end":9448.541},{"text":"reinforce","start":9448.541,"end":9449.2},{"text":"rather","start":9449.28,"end":9449.585},{"text":"than","start":9449.585,"end":9449.713},{"text":"diminish","start":9449.81,"end":9450.259},{"text":"natural—","start":9450.725,"end":9451.143},{"text":"national","start":9451.432,"end":9451.913},{"text":"ownership","start":9451.913,"end":9452.411},{"text":"and","start":9452.556,"end":9452.668},{"text":"sovereign","start":9452.7,"end":9453.038},{"text":"responsibility.","start":9453.182,"end":9454.017}]},{"text":"Third, while important initiatives already exist, including the Kimberley Process, OECD due diligence guidance, and other traceability mechanisms, implementation remains fragmented.","start":9454.627,"end":9467.05,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":9454.627,"end":9454.852},{"text":"while","start":9455.51,"end":9455.703},{"text":"important","start":9455.767,"end":9456.265},{"text":"initiatives","start":9456.265,"end":9456.94},{"text":"already","start":9457.052,"end":9457.437},{"text":"exist,","start":9457.437,"end":9458},{"text":"including","start":9458.417,"end":9458.867},{"text":"the","start":9458.899,"end":9459.043},{"text":"Kimberley","start":9459.043,"end":9459.461},{"text":"Process,","start":9459.461,"end":9459.846},{"text":"OECD","start":9460.328,"end":9461.131},{"text":"due","start":9461.131,"end":9461.356},{"text":"diligence","start":9461.372,"end":9461.87},{"text":"guidance,","start":9461.87,"end":9462.319},{"text":"and","start":9462.736,"end":9462.832},{"text":"other","start":9462.897,"end":9463.153},{"text":"traceability","start":9463.153,"end":9463.939},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":9463.939,"end":9464.645},{"text":"implementation","start":9465.158,"end":9465.895},{"text":"remains","start":9465.943,"end":9466.328},{"text":"fragmented.","start":9466.424,"end":9467.05}]},{"text":"The priority should be to harmonize existing standards, strengthen technical assistance and capacity building, improve information sharing, and support producing countries in combating illicit exploitation while facilitating legitimate trade.","start":9467.788,"end":9483.454,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9467.788,"end":9467.948},{"text":"priority","start":9467.948,"end":9468.525},{"text":"should","start":9468.525,"end":9468.702},{"text":"be","start":9468.766,"end":9468.846},{"text":"to","start":9468.91,"end":9469.006},{"text":"harmonize","start":9469.006,"end":9469.535},{"text":"existing","start":9469.712,"end":9470.177},{"text":"standards,","start":9470.225,"end":9470.738},{"text":"strengthen","start":9470.947,"end":9471.54},{"text":"technical","start":9471.572,"end":9472.069},{"text":"assistance","start":9472.069,"end":9472.71},{"text":"and","start":9473.256,"end":9473.32},{"text":"capacity","start":9473.4,"end":9473.897},{"text":"building,","start":9473.897,"end":9474.266},{"text":"improve","start":9474.619,"end":9475.068},{"text":"information","start":9475.1,"end":9476.03},{"text":"sharing,","start":9476.062,"end":9476.511},{"text":"and","start":9476.944,"end":9477.088},{"text":"support","start":9477.088,"end":9477.601},{"text":"producing","start":9477.826,"end":9478.323},{"text":"countries","start":9478.387,"end":9478.836},{"text":"in","start":9478.868,"end":9478.916},{"text":"combating","start":9479.029,"end":9479.478},{"text":"illicit","start":9479.574,"end":9480.119},{"text":"exploitation","start":9480.456,"end":9481.225},{"text":"while","start":9481.578,"end":9481.707},{"text":"facilitating","start":9481.755,"end":9482.508},{"text":"legitimate","start":9482.556,"end":9483.118},{"text":"trade.","start":9483.118,"end":9483.454}]},{"text":"Finally, discussions on natural resources must also address the persistent imbalance in global value chains.","start":9483.984,"end":9491.424,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":9483.984,"end":9484.449},{"text":"discussions","start":9485.026,"end":9485.683},{"text":"on","start":9485.683,"end":9485.764},{"text":"natural","start":9485.764,"end":9486.116},{"text":"resources","start":9486.164,"end":9486.694},{"text":"must","start":9486.822,"end":9487.062},{"text":"also","start":9487.127,"end":9487.367},{"text":"address","start":9487.367,"end":9487.736},{"text":"the","start":9487.912,"end":9488.009},{"text":"persistent","start":9488.009,"end":9488.714},{"text":"imbalance","start":9488.714,"end":9489.564},{"text":"in","start":9490.253,"end":9490.382},{"text":"global","start":9490.398,"end":9490.686},{"text":"value","start":9490.734,"end":9491.055},{"text":"chains.","start":9491.055,"end":9491.424}]},{"text":"Resource-rich developing countries should not remain exporters of raw commodities while importing high-value manufactured products.","start":9491.873,"end":9499.682,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Resource-rich","start":9491.873,"end":9492.546},{"text":"developing","start":9492.578,"end":9493.075},{"text":"countries","start":9493.14,"end":9493.589},{"text":"should","start":9493.621,"end":9493.797},{"text":"not","start":9493.797,"end":9494.038},{"text":"remain","start":9494.342,"end":9494.743},{"text":"exporters","start":9494.743,"end":9495.272},{"text":"of","start":9495.368,"end":9495.513},{"text":"raw","start":9495.529,"end":9495.625},{"text":"commodities","start":9495.705,"end":9496.715},{"text":"while","start":9497.308,"end":9497.501},{"text":"importing","start":9497.533,"end":9497.998},{"text":"high-value","start":9498.03,"end":9498.559},{"text":"manufactured","start":9498.575,"end":9499.168},{"text":"products.","start":9499.217,"end":9499.682}]},{"text":"Greater investment, technology transfer, infrastructure development, and support for local beneficiation are essential if natural resources are to generate sustainable development and lasting peace.","start":9500.114,"end":9512.108,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Greater","start":9500.114,"end":9500.435},{"text":"investment,","start":9500.451,"end":9501.125},{"text":"technology","start":9501.397,"end":9501.958},{"text":"transfer,","start":9501.958,"end":9502.536},{"text":"infrastructure","start":9502.68,"end":9503.658},{"text":"development,","start":9503.658,"end":9504.444},{"text":"and","start":9504.909,"end":9504.989},{"text":"support","start":9504.989,"end":9505.406},{"text":"for","start":9505.406,"end":9505.646},{"text":"local","start":9505.646,"end":9505.919},{"text":"beneficiation","start":9506.031,"end":9506.881},{"text":"are","start":9506.993,"end":9507.105},{"text":"essential","start":9507.105,"end":9507.763},{"text":"if","start":9507.827,"end":9507.971},{"text":"natural","start":9507.987,"end":9508.356},{"text":"resources","start":9508.356,"end":9508.901},{"text":"are","start":9509.414,"end":9509.559},{"text":"to","start":9509.559,"end":9509.655},{"text":"generate","start":9509.655,"end":9510.136},{"text":"sustainable","start":9510.136,"end":9510.745},{"text":"development","start":9510.777,"end":9511.403},{"text":"and","start":9511.403,"end":9511.563},{"text":"lasting","start":9511.563,"end":9511.868},{"text":"peace.","start":9511.9,"end":9512.108}]},{"text":"Zimbabwe therefore supports continued reflection on strengthening the international normative framework Such a framework should remain practical, inclusive, and firmly anchored in the Charter of the United Nations, while respecting national sovereignty, promoting responsible investment, strengthening cooperation against illicit exploitation, and ensuring that natural resources become a foundation for shared prosperity rather than a source of conflict.","start":9512.717,"end":9538.385,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Zimbabwe","start":9512.717,"end":9513.15},{"text":"therefore","start":9513.182,"end":9513.519},{"text":"supports","start":9513.519,"end":9514.048},{"text":"continued","start":9514.048,"end":9514.465},{"text":"reflection","start":9514.465,"end":9515.074},{"text":"on","start":9515.251,"end":9515.347},{"text":"strengthening","start":9515.347,"end":9515.876},{"text":"the","start":9515.908,"end":9515.972},{"text":"international","start":9515.972,"end":9516.566},{"text":"normative","start":9516.566,"end":9517.015},{"text":"framework","start":9517.015,"end":9517.528},{"text":"Such","start":9517.917,"end":9518.225},{"text":"a","start":9518.225,"end":9518.258},{"text":"framework","start":9518.306,"end":9518.874},{"text":"should","start":9518.874,"end":9519.052},{"text":"remain","start":9519.052,"end":9519.328},{"text":"practical,","start":9519.441,"end":9520.073},{"text":"inclusive,","start":9520.187,"end":9520.803},{"text":"and","start":9521.305,"end":9521.403},{"text":"firmly","start":9521.403,"end":9521.759},{"text":"anchored","start":9521.954,"end":9522.23},{"text":"in","start":9522.521,"end":9522.619},{"text":"the","start":9522.619,"end":9522.765},{"text":"Charter","start":9522.765,"end":9523.089},{"text":"of","start":9523.089,"end":9523.154},{"text":"the","start":9523.186,"end":9523.251},{"text":"United","start":9523.251,"end":9523.672},{"text":"Nations,","start":9523.672,"end":9524.126},{"text":"while","start":9524.72,"end":9524.768},{"text":"respecting","start":9524.768,"end":9525.363},{"text":"national","start":9525.396,"end":9525.734},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":9525.734,"end":9526.41},{"text":"promoting","start":9526.668,"end":9527.134},{"text":"responsible","start":9527.167,"end":9527.762},{"text":"investment,","start":9527.811,"end":9528.455},{"text":"strengthening","start":9528.793,"end":9529.388},{"text":"cooperation","start":9529.42,"end":9530.129},{"text":"against","start":9530.129,"end":9530.483},{"text":"illicit","start":9530.483,"end":9531.03},{"text":"exploitation,","start":9531.095,"end":9531.803},{"text":"and","start":9532.318,"end":9532.463},{"text":"ensuring","start":9532.463,"end":9533.011},{"text":"that","start":9533.043,"end":9533.22},{"text":"natural","start":9533.22,"end":9533.606},{"text":"resources","start":9533.606,"end":9534.138},{"text":"become","start":9534.17,"end":9534.476},{"text":"a","start":9534.476,"end":9534.508},{"text":"foundation","start":9534.557,"end":9535.111},{"text":"for","start":9535.144,"end":9535.29},{"text":"shared","start":9535.29,"end":9535.6},{"text":"prosperity","start":9535.698,"end":9536.3},{"text":"rather","start":9536.87,"end":9537.115},{"text":"than","start":9537.115,"end":9537.278},{"text":"a","start":9537.343,"end":9537.359},{"text":"source","start":9537.359,"end":9537.636},{"text":"of","start":9537.734,"end":9537.848},{"text":"conflict.","start":9537.897,"end":9538.385}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":9538.467,"end":9538.972,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9538.467,"end":9538.516},{"text":"thank","start":9538.565,"end":9538.874},{"text":"you.","start":9538.874,"end":9538.972}]},{"text":"Je remercie.","start":9540.7,"end":9541.285,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":9540.7,"end":9540.817},{"text":"remercie.","start":9540.883,"end":9541.285}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ZWE","affiliation_full":"Zimbabwe","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":64,"start":9541.753,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9542","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Hey, thanks Zimbabwe. And I now give the The floor to Ukraine, to be followed by Montenegro.","start":9541.753,"end":9545.996,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hey,","start":9541.753,"end":9541.887},{"text":"thanks","start":9541.904,"end":9542.188},{"text":"Zimbabwe.","start":9542.188,"end":9542.757},{"text":"And","start":9542.824,"end":9542.907},{"text":"I","start":9542.907,"end":9542.924},{"text":"now","start":9542.924,"end":9543.091},{"text":"give","start":9543.225,"end":9543.393},{"text":"the","start":9543.393,"end":9543.593},{"text":"The","start":9543.49,"end":9543.523},{"text":"floor","start":9543.523,"end":9543.707},{"text":"to","start":9543.857,"end":9544.024},{"text":"Ukraine,","start":9544.024,"end":9544.576},{"text":"to","start":9544.843,"end":9544.91},{"text":"be","start":9544.943,"end":9544.993},{"text":"followed","start":9545.027,"end":9545.361},{"text":"by","start":9545.361,"end":9545.511},{"text":"Montenegro.","start":9545.511,"end":9545.996}]},{"text":"Ukraine is not in the room.","start":9555.923,"end":9558.373,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ukraine","start":9555.923,"end":9557.47},{"text":"is","start":9557.47,"end":9557.583},{"text":"not","start":9557.615,"end":9557.922},{"text":"in","start":9558.002,"end":9558.051},{"text":"the","start":9558.083,"end":9558.147},{"text":"room.","start":9558.244,"end":9558.373}]},{"text":"Montenegro has the floor now.","start":9559.469,"end":9560.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Montenegro","start":9559.469,"end":9560.033},{"text":"has","start":9560.098,"end":9560.162},{"text":"the","start":9560.259,"end":9560.34},{"text":"floor","start":9560.34,"end":9560.598},{"text":"now.","start":9560.598,"end":9560.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":65,"start":9567.136,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9568","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":9567.136,"end":9568.547,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9567.136,"end":9567.284},{"text":"you,","start":9567.284,"end":9567.481},{"text":"Madam","start":9567.874,"end":9568.366},{"text":"Chair.","start":9568.366,"end":9568.547}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":66,"start":9570.324,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9571","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Still not in the room.","start":9570.324,"end":9572.193,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Still","start":9570.324,"end":9571.404},{"text":"not","start":9571.404,"end":9571.629},{"text":"in","start":9571.629,"end":9571.677},{"text":"the","start":9571.774,"end":9571.855},{"text":"room.","start":9571.935,"end":9572.193}]},{"text":"So, Germany.","start":9572.257,"end":9573.369,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":9572.257,"end":9572.757},{"text":"Germany.","start":9572.918,"end":9573.369}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":67,"start":9577.75,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9578","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":9577.75,"end":9578.747,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9577.75,"end":9577.96},{"text":"you,","start":9577.96,"end":9578.056},{"text":"Mr.","start":9578.072,"end":9578.345},{"text":"Chair.","start":9578.393,"end":9578.747}]},{"text":"I would like to begin by welcoming the presence of Her Excellency Thérèse Karigwamba Wagner today and by thanking the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this very timely Area Formula meeting.","start":9579.438,"end":9591.952,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9579.438,"end":9579.454},{"text":"would","start":9579.454,"end":9579.679},{"text":"like","start":9579.679,"end":9579.984},{"text":"to","start":9579.984,"end":9580.129},{"text":"begin","start":9580.161,"end":9580.531},{"text":"by","start":9580.627,"end":9580.836},{"text":"welcoming","start":9581.045,"end":9581.463},{"text":"the","start":9581.527,"end":9581.607},{"text":"presence","start":9581.607,"end":9582.17},{"text":"of","start":9582.234,"end":9582.331},{"text":"Her","start":9582.331,"end":9582.491},{"text":"Excellency","start":9582.491,"end":9583.182},{"text":"Thérèse","start":9583.214,"end":9583.664},{"text":"Karigwamba","start":9583.841,"end":9584.42},{"text":"Wagner","start":9584.42,"end":9584.902},{"text":"today","start":9584.902,"end":9585.175},{"text":"and","start":9585.85,"end":9586.075},{"text":"by","start":9586.107,"end":9586.3},{"text":"thanking","start":9586.428,"end":9586.878},{"text":"the","start":9586.911,"end":9587.12},{"text":"Democratic","start":9587.12,"end":9587.556},{"text":"Republic","start":9587.556,"end":9588.025},{"text":"of","start":9588.041,"end":9588.122},{"text":"the","start":9588.122,"end":9588.267},{"text":"Congo","start":9588.267,"end":9588.671},{"text":"for","start":9588.687,"end":9588.914},{"text":"convening","start":9588.914,"end":9589.382},{"text":"this","start":9589.415,"end":9589.544},{"text":"very","start":9589.657,"end":9589.867},{"text":"timely","start":9589.9,"end":9590.352},{"text":"Area","start":9590.869,"end":9591.128},{"text":"Formula","start":9591.128,"end":9591.516},{"text":"meeting.","start":9591.516,"end":9591.952}]},{"text":"As we have heard from today's preface, In many of today's conflicts, the illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources are integral to conflict economies by financing armed groups and prolonging violence.","start":9592.809,"end":9606.381,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9592.809,"end":9592.938},{"text":"we","start":9592.971,"end":9593.051},{"text":"have","start":9593.051,"end":9593.181},{"text":"heard","start":9593.278,"end":9593.585},{"text":"from","start":9593.617,"end":9593.811},{"text":"today's","start":9593.86,"end":9594.328},{"text":"preface,","start":9594.328,"end":9594.975},{"text":"In","start":9595.076,"end":9595.172},{"text":"many","start":9595.172,"end":9595.38},{"text":"of","start":9595.396,"end":9595.46},{"text":"today's","start":9595.492,"end":9595.797},{"text":"conflicts,","start":9595.893,"end":9596.551},{"text":"the","start":9596.599,"end":9596.711},{"text":"illicit","start":9596.711,"end":9597.24},{"text":"exploitation","start":9597.24,"end":9598.026},{"text":"and","start":9598.138,"end":9598.203},{"text":"trafficking","start":9598.283,"end":9598.908},{"text":"of","start":9599.036,"end":9599.181},{"text":"natural","start":9599.181,"end":9599.469},{"text":"resources","start":9599.501,"end":9600.159},{"text":"are","start":9600.848,"end":9600.945},{"text":"integral","start":9600.945,"end":9601.682},{"text":"to","start":9601.811,"end":9601.907},{"text":"conflict","start":9601.907,"end":9602.404},{"text":"economies","start":9602.404,"end":9602.917},{"text":"by","start":9603.574,"end":9603.671},{"text":"financing","start":9603.671,"end":9604.2},{"text":"armed","start":9604.376,"end":9604.537},{"text":"groups","start":9604.537,"end":9605.066},{"text":"and","start":9605.194,"end":9605.258},{"text":"prolonging","start":9605.338,"end":9605.723},{"text":"violence.","start":9605.836,"end":9606.381}]},{"text":"In addition, illegal resource exploitation causes massive harm to the environment.","start":9607.022,"end":9611.705,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9607.022,"end":9607.07},{"text":"addition,","start":9607.118,"end":9607.583},{"text":"illegal","start":9608.064,"end":9608.369},{"text":"resource","start":9608.401,"end":9608.802},{"text":"exploitation","start":9608.802,"end":9609.492},{"text":"causes","start":9609.668,"end":9610.005},{"text":"massive","start":9610.085,"end":9610.422},{"text":"harm","start":9610.47,"end":9610.823},{"text":"to","start":9610.871,"end":9610.983},{"text":"the","start":9610.983,"end":9611.079},{"text":"environment.","start":9611.127,"end":9611.705}]},{"text":"I would like to raise 3 points.","start":9612.571,"end":9614.286,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9612.571,"end":9612.635},{"text":"would","start":9612.635,"end":9612.795},{"text":"like","start":9612.795,"end":9613.036},{"text":"to","start":9613.036,"end":9613.148},{"text":"raise","start":9613.148,"end":9613.42},{"text":"3","start":9613.693,"end":9613.934},{"text":"points.","start":9613.934,"end":9614.286}]},{"text":"First, the Security Council has developed valuable tools to address the links between natural resources and conflict.","start":9615.12,"end":9621.919,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":9615.12,"end":9615.681},{"text":"the","start":9615.762,"end":9615.81},{"text":"Security","start":9615.858,"end":9616.307},{"text":"Council","start":9616.339,"end":9616.82},{"text":"has","start":9616.82,"end":9616.948},{"text":"developed","start":9616.996,"end":9617.622},{"text":"valuable","start":9617.622,"end":9618.103},{"text":"tools","start":9618.103,"end":9618.472},{"text":"to","start":9619.001,"end":9619.129},{"text":"address","start":9619.129,"end":9619.418},{"text":"the","start":9619.546,"end":9619.69},{"text":"links","start":9619.69,"end":9620.107},{"text":"between","start":9620.107,"end":9620.428},{"text":"natural","start":9620.428,"end":9620.717},{"text":"resources","start":9620.749,"end":9621.31},{"text":"and","start":9621.31,"end":9621.39},{"text":"conflict.","start":9621.454,"end":9621.919}]},{"text":"Including sanctions regimes and panels of experts.","start":9622.593,"end":9625.544,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Including","start":9622.593,"end":9622.962},{"text":"sanctions","start":9622.994,"end":9623.443},{"text":"regimes","start":9623.475,"end":9623.972},{"text":"and","start":9624.116,"end":9624.18},{"text":"panels","start":9624.197,"end":9624.646},{"text":"of","start":9624.838,"end":9624.982},{"text":"experts.","start":9624.982,"end":9625.544}]},{"text":"We believe that the Council should strengthen these instruments, particularly by enhancing sanctions monitoring and by ensuring that measures effectively target those who profit from illicit resource exploitation.","start":9626.361,"end":9639.8,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9626.361,"end":9626.49},{"text":"believe","start":9626.522,"end":9626.907},{"text":"that","start":9626.907,"end":9627.003},{"text":"the","start":9627.003,"end":9627.035},{"text":"Council","start":9627.083,"end":9627.548},{"text":"should","start":9627.548,"end":9627.725},{"text":"strengthen","start":9627.725,"end":9628.366},{"text":"these","start":9628.366,"end":9628.494},{"text":"instruments,","start":9628.526,"end":9629.2},{"text":"particularly","start":9629.713,"end":9630.419},{"text":"by","start":9630.515,"end":9630.643},{"text":"enhancing","start":9630.852,"end":9631.541},{"text":"sanctions","start":9631.573,"end":9632.103},{"text":"monitoring","start":9632.135,"end":9632.824},{"text":"and","start":9633.498,"end":9633.562},{"text":"by","start":9633.578,"end":9633.722},{"text":"ensuring","start":9633.722,"end":9634.187},{"text":"that","start":9634.219,"end":9634.444},{"text":"measures","start":9634.444,"end":9634.909},{"text":"effectively","start":9635.037,"end":9635.711},{"text":"target","start":9635.743,"end":9636.144},{"text":"those","start":9636.144,"end":9636.433},{"text":"who","start":9637.01,"end":9637.09},{"text":"profit","start":9637.186,"end":9637.731},{"text":"from","start":9637.731,"end":9637.876},{"text":"illicit","start":9637.924,"end":9638.469},{"text":"resource","start":9638.469,"end":9638.982},{"text":"exploitation.","start":9639.111,"end":9639.8}]},{"text":"Closer cooperation with regional and sub-regional organizations and certification mechanisms can further improve implementation.","start":9640.634,"end":9648.139,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Closer","start":9640.634,"end":9641.035},{"text":"cooperation","start":9641.035,"end":9641.693},{"text":"with","start":9641.741,"end":9641.853},{"text":"regional","start":9641.917,"end":9642.382},{"text":"and","start":9642.398,"end":9642.51},{"text":"sub-regional","start":9642.543,"end":9643.12},{"text":"organizations","start":9643.12,"end":9643.97},{"text":"and","start":9644.082,"end":9644.146},{"text":"certification","start":9644.162,"end":9644.916},{"text":"mechanisms","start":9644.948,"end":9645.573},{"text":"can","start":9646.247,"end":9646.407},{"text":"further","start":9646.407,"end":9646.808},{"text":"improve","start":9646.808,"end":9647.337},{"text":"implementation.","start":9647.45,"end":9648.139}]},{"text":"Germany complements such efforts through practical support.","start":9648.974,"end":9652.828,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Germany","start":9648.974,"end":9649.424},{"text":"complements","start":9649.536,"end":9650.114},{"text":"such","start":9650.178,"end":9650.403},{"text":"efforts","start":9650.483,"end":9650.949},{"text":"through","start":9651.302,"end":9651.543},{"text":"practical","start":9651.543,"end":9652.089},{"text":"support.","start":9652.202,"end":9652.828}]},{"text":"For more than a decade, the German Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources has supported the ICGLR regional certification mechanism, helping improve mineral traceability and combat smuggling, including through innovative tools such as analytical fingerprint technology.","start":9653.47,"end":9672.015,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9653.47,"end":9653.631},{"text":"more","start":9653.631,"end":9653.791},{"text":"than","start":9653.791,"end":9653.92},{"text":"a","start":9653.952,"end":9654.032},{"text":"decade,","start":9654.032,"end":9654.449},{"text":"the","start":9654.498,"end":9654.53},{"text":"German","start":9654.578,"end":9654.883},{"text":"Federal","start":9654.915,"end":9655.284},{"text":"Institute","start":9655.397,"end":9655.959},{"text":"for","start":9655.959,"end":9656.103},{"text":"Geosciences","start":9656.119,"end":9656.89},{"text":"and","start":9657.002,"end":9657.067},{"text":"Natural","start":9657.083,"end":9657.372},{"text":"Resources","start":9657.468,"end":9658.014},{"text":"has","start":9658.672,"end":9658.737},{"text":"supported","start":9658.769,"end":9659.411},{"text":"the","start":9659.411,"end":9659.491},{"text":"ICGLR","start":9659.572,"end":9660.455},{"text":"regional","start":9660.455,"end":9661.017},{"text":"certification","start":9661.017,"end":9661.771},{"text":"mechanism,","start":9661.819,"end":9662.43},{"text":"helping","start":9663.088,"end":9663.313},{"text":"improve","start":9663.425,"end":9663.794},{"text":"mineral","start":9663.891,"end":9664.308},{"text":"traceability","start":9664.308,"end":9665.079},{"text":"and","start":9665.272,"end":9665.336},{"text":"combat","start":9665.432,"end":9665.769},{"text":"smuggling,","start":9665.769,"end":9666.203},{"text":"including","start":9666.942,"end":9667.375},{"text":"through","start":9667.423,"end":9667.632},{"text":"innovative","start":9667.825,"end":9668.29},{"text":"tools","start":9668.322,"end":9668.692},{"text":"such","start":9669.141,"end":9669.334},{"text":"as","start":9669.446,"end":9669.575},{"text":"analytical","start":9669.751,"end":9670.554},{"text":"fingerprint","start":9670.635,"end":9671.341},{"text":"technology.","start":9671.437,"end":9672.015}]},{"text":"Second, Natural resource governance should not be viewed through the lens of sanctions alone.","start":9672.818,"end":9678.162,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":9672.818,"end":9673.38},{"text":"Natural","start":9673.75,"end":9674.102},{"text":"resource","start":9674.102,"end":9674.471},{"text":"governance","start":9674.568,"end":9675.081},{"text":"should","start":9675.081,"end":9675.322},{"text":"not","start":9675.45,"end":9675.579},{"text":"be","start":9675.691,"end":9675.787},{"text":"viewed","start":9675.787,"end":9676.156},{"text":"through","start":9676.188,"end":9676.349},{"text":"the","start":9676.349,"end":9676.493},{"text":"lens","start":9676.493,"end":9676.926},{"text":"of","start":9677.151,"end":9677.247},{"text":"sanctions","start":9677.247,"end":9677.841},{"text":"alone.","start":9677.873,"end":9678.162}]},{"text":"Sanctions cannot dismantle conflict economies by themselves.","start":9678.851,"end":9682.413,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Sanctions","start":9678.851,"end":9679.445},{"text":"cannot","start":9679.557,"end":9679.975},{"text":"dismantle","start":9680.023,"end":9680.472},{"text":"conflict","start":9680.52,"end":9681.178},{"text":"economies","start":9681.178,"end":9681.691},{"text":"by","start":9681.723,"end":9681.884},{"text":"themselves.","start":9681.884,"end":9682.413}]},{"text":"Resource governance should be integrated more systematically into conflict prevention, sustaining peace, and peacebuilding.","start":9683.167,"end":9690.114,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Resource","start":9683.167,"end":9683.52},{"text":"governance","start":9683.633,"end":9684.066},{"text":"should","start":9684.114,"end":9684.29},{"text":"be","start":9684.29,"end":9684.435},{"text":"integrated","start":9684.515,"end":9685.141},{"text":"more","start":9685.173,"end":9685.349},{"text":"systematically","start":9685.349,"end":9686.264},{"text":"into","start":9686.376,"end":9686.488},{"text":"conflict","start":9686.536,"end":9687.018},{"text":"prevention,","start":9687.018,"end":9687.627},{"text":"sustaining","start":9688.077,"end":9688.59},{"text":"peace,","start":9688.686,"end":9689.104},{"text":"and","start":9689.328,"end":9689.473},{"text":"peacebuilding.","start":9689.505,"end":9690.114}]},{"text":"This requires stronger analytical capacity and early warning on resource-related conflict risks.","start":9691.029,"end":9697.527,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9691.029,"end":9691.189},{"text":"requires","start":9691.189,"end":9691.687},{"text":"stronger","start":9691.687,"end":9692.376},{"text":"analytical","start":9692.392,"end":9692.954},{"text":"capacity","start":9692.954,"end":9693.564},{"text":"and","start":9694.302,"end":9694.446},{"text":"early","start":9694.542,"end":9694.767},{"text":"warning","start":9694.799,"end":9695.168},{"text":"on","start":9695.264,"end":9695.329},{"text":"resource-related","start":9695.361,"end":9696.323},{"text":"conflict","start":9696.403,"end":9696.949},{"text":"risks.","start":9696.949,"end":9697.527}]},{"text":"Where relevant, We should also explore more systematic reporting by the Secretary-General on the role of illicit natural resource exploitation in conflicts.","start":9698.409,"end":9707.609,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":9698.409,"end":9698.634},{"text":"relevant,","start":9698.634,"end":9699.291},{"text":"We","start":9699.372,"end":9699.468},{"text":"should","start":9699.468,"end":9699.661},{"text":"also","start":9699.757,"end":9699.95},{"text":"explore","start":9699.998,"end":9700.512},{"text":"more","start":9700.512,"end":9700.769},{"text":"systematic","start":9700.817,"end":9701.539},{"text":"reporting","start":9701.539,"end":9702.133},{"text":"by","start":9702.246,"end":9702.342},{"text":"the","start":9702.342,"end":9702.422},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":9702.422,"end":9703.53},{"text":"on","start":9704.173,"end":9704.221},{"text":"the","start":9704.253,"end":9704.349},{"text":"role","start":9704.349,"end":9704.622},{"text":"of","start":9704.735,"end":9704.847},{"text":"illicit","start":9704.847,"end":9705.329},{"text":"natural","start":9705.329,"end":9705.682},{"text":"resource","start":9705.714,"end":9706.083},{"text":"exploitation","start":9706.196,"end":9706.918},{"text":"in","start":9706.918,"end":9706.966},{"text":"conflicts.","start":9707.063,"end":9707.609}]},{"text":"In addition, the Peacebuilding Commission can play an important role in bringing together security governance and development perspectives on natural resource governance.","start":9708.524,"end":9718.206,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9708.524,"end":9708.572},{"text":"addition,","start":9708.668,"end":9709.214},{"text":"the","start":9709.327,"end":9709.471},{"text":"Peacebuilding","start":9709.471,"end":9710.017},{"text":"Commission","start":9710.049,"end":9710.499},{"text":"can","start":9710.595,"end":9710.772},{"text":"play","start":9710.772,"end":9711.077},{"text":"an","start":9711.077,"end":9711.125},{"text":"important","start":9711.173,"end":9711.735},{"text":"role","start":9711.735,"end":9711.928},{"text":"in","start":9712.618,"end":9712.65},{"text":"bringing","start":9712.779,"end":9713.068},{"text":"together","start":9713.1,"end":9713.501},{"text":"security","start":9713.501,"end":9714.192},{"text":"governance","start":9714.288,"end":9714.947},{"text":"and","start":9715.011,"end":9715.091},{"text":"development","start":9715.171,"end":9715.749},{"text":"perspectives","start":9715.749,"end":9716.44},{"text":"on","start":9716.873,"end":9716.921},{"text":"natural","start":9716.954,"end":9717.275},{"text":"resource","start":9717.275,"end":9717.564},{"text":"governance.","start":9717.676,"end":9718.206}]},{"text":"Third, responsible resource governance is first and foremost about creating opportunities.","start":9719.025,"end":9726.635,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":9719.025,"end":9719.442},{"text":"responsible","start":9719.924,"end":9721.16},{"text":"resource","start":9721.53,"end":9721.931},{"text":"governance","start":9721.931,"end":9722.654},{"text":"is","start":9722.718,"end":9722.782},{"text":"first","start":9722.878,"end":9723.778},{"text":"and","start":9723.778,"end":9723.858},{"text":"foremost","start":9723.858,"end":9724.58},{"text":"about","start":9724.982,"end":9725.223},{"text":"creating","start":9725.223,"end":9725.752},{"text":"opportunities.","start":9725.929,"end":9726.635}]},{"text":"Existing due diligence and traceability frameworks have strengthened responsible sourcing and transparency.","start":9727.631,"end":9733.732,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Existing","start":9727.631,"end":9728.161},{"text":"due","start":9728.273,"end":9728.482},{"text":"diligence","start":9728.498,"end":9729.333},{"text":"and","start":9729.397,"end":9729.461},{"text":"traceability","start":9729.541,"end":9730.184},{"text":"frameworks","start":9730.184,"end":9730.745},{"text":"have","start":9730.745,"end":9730.89},{"text":"strengthened","start":9730.906,"end":9731.564},{"text":"responsible","start":9731.564,"end":9732.271},{"text":"sourcing","start":9732.271,"end":9732.736},{"text":"and","start":9732.849,"end":9732.913},{"text":"transparency.","start":9732.929,"end":9733.732}]},{"text":"Our priority should be achieving greater coherence and interoperability.","start":9734.599,"end":9739.479,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":9734.599,"end":9734.759},{"text":"priority","start":9734.759,"end":9735.433},{"text":"should","start":9735.433,"end":9735.706},{"text":"be","start":9735.738,"end":9735.995},{"text":"achieving","start":9736.06,"end":9736.493},{"text":"greater","start":9736.605,"end":9736.943},{"text":"coherence","start":9737.007,"end":9737.601},{"text":"and","start":9738.131,"end":9738.355},{"text":"interoperability.","start":9738.468,"end":9739.479}]},{"text":"Any new initiative should build on existing mechanisms and strengthen their implementation.","start":9740.394,"end":9745.339,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":9740.394,"end":9740.555},{"text":"new","start":9740.555,"end":9740.731},{"text":"initiative","start":9740.731,"end":9741.341},{"text":"should","start":9741.358,"end":9741.646},{"text":"build","start":9741.679,"end":9741.984},{"text":"on","start":9742,"end":9742.096},{"text":"existing","start":9742.096,"end":9742.61},{"text":"mechanisms","start":9742.626,"end":9743.252},{"text":"and","start":9743.766,"end":9743.83},{"text":"strengthen","start":9743.846,"end":9744.488},{"text":"their","start":9744.488,"end":9744.649},{"text":"implementation.","start":9744.649,"end":9745.339}]},{"text":"It is equally crucial that responsible supply chains generate tangible benefits for producing countries and local communities while remaining accessible to smaller producers.","start":9746.334,"end":9757.211,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9746.334,"end":9746.415},{"text":"is","start":9746.415,"end":9746.463},{"text":"equally","start":9746.639,"end":9746.945},{"text":"crucial","start":9746.977,"end":9747.49},{"text":"that","start":9747.522,"end":9747.699},{"text":"responsible","start":9747.699,"end":9748.389},{"text":"supply","start":9748.422,"end":9748.823},{"text":"chains","start":9748.823,"end":9749.272},{"text":"generate","start":9749.77,"end":9750.188},{"text":"tangible","start":9750.188,"end":9750.83},{"text":"benefits","start":9750.83,"end":9751.199},{"text":"for","start":9751.199,"end":9751.568},{"text":"producing","start":9751.456,"end":9751.921},{"text":"countries","start":9752.017,"end":9752.402},{"text":"and","start":9752.514,"end":9752.738},{"text":"local","start":9752.738,"end":9753.059},{"text":"communities","start":9753.059,"end":9753.764},{"text":"while","start":9754.502,"end":9754.662},{"text":"remaining","start":9754.678,"end":9755.127},{"text":"accessible","start":9755.239,"end":9755.912},{"text":"to","start":9755.96,"end":9756.169},{"text":"smaller","start":9756.185,"end":9756.602},{"text":"producers.","start":9756.602,"end":9757.211}]},{"text":"In this regard, inclusive governance, including the meaningful participation of women and local communities, is essential.","start":9758.125,"end":9765.259,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9758.125,"end":9758.173},{"text":"this","start":9758.221,"end":9758.445},{"text":"regard,","start":9758.445,"end":9758.926},{"text":"inclusive","start":9759.087,"end":9759.696},{"text":"governance,","start":9759.712,"end":9760.305},{"text":"including","start":9760.85,"end":9761.219},{"text":"the","start":9761.251,"end":9761.331},{"text":"meaningful","start":9761.331,"end":9761.908},{"text":"participation","start":9761.956,"end":9762.726},{"text":"of","start":9762.774,"end":9762.87},{"text":"women","start":9762.934,"end":9763.303},{"text":"and","start":9763.335,"end":9763.399},{"text":"local","start":9763.559,"end":9763.784},{"text":"communities,","start":9763.816,"end":9764.505},{"text":"is","start":9764.553,"end":9764.698},{"text":"essential.","start":9764.698,"end":9765.259}]},{"text":"Germany supports these objectives through initiatives that strengthen responsible mineral supply chains and promote local private sector and civil society engagement, including in the Lobito corridor.","start":9766.204,"end":9778.321,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Germany","start":9766.204,"end":9766.557},{"text":"supports","start":9766.557,"end":9767.102},{"text":"these","start":9767.102,"end":9767.311},{"text":"objectives","start":9767.343,"end":9767.872},{"text":"through","start":9767.904,"end":9768.096},{"text":"initiatives","start":9768.208,"end":9768.914},{"text":"that","start":9768.946,"end":9769.106},{"text":"strengthen","start":9769.106,"end":9769.507},{"text":"responsible","start":9769.507,"end":9770.196},{"text":"mineral","start":9770.228,"end":9770.565},{"text":"supply","start":9770.565,"end":9771.03},{"text":"chains","start":9771.03,"end":9771.447},{"text":"and","start":9771.976,"end":9772.072},{"text":"promote","start":9772.072,"end":9772.537},{"text":"local","start":9772.537,"end":9772.857},{"text":"private","start":9772.873,"end":9773.29},{"text":"sector","start":9773.29,"end":9773.739},{"text":"and","start":9773.755,"end":9773.819},{"text":"civil","start":9773.835,"end":9774.076},{"text":"society","start":9774.076,"end":9774.717},{"text":"engagement,","start":9774.717,"end":9775.438},{"text":"including","start":9775.823,"end":9776.336},{"text":"in","start":9776.48,"end":9776.529},{"text":"the","start":9776.561,"end":9776.641},{"text":"Lobito","start":9776.641,"end":9776.993},{"text":"corridor.","start":9777.87,"end":9778.321}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, Germany looks forward to continuing this discussion during next week's open debate.","start":9778.386,"end":9783.226,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":9778.386,"end":9778.596},{"text":"Chair,","start":9778.644,"end":9779.031},{"text":"Germany","start":9779.096,"end":9779.434},{"text":"looks","start":9779.499,"end":9779.741},{"text":"forward","start":9779.741,"end":9779.999},{"text":"to","start":9779.999,"end":9780.128},{"text":"continuing","start":9780.144,"end":9780.757},{"text":"this","start":9780.806,"end":9780.999},{"text":"discussion","start":9780.999,"end":9781.58},{"text":"during","start":9781.612,"end":9781.822},{"text":"next","start":9781.854,"end":9782.177},{"text":"week's","start":9782.177,"end":9782.564},{"text":"open","start":9782.564,"end":9782.758},{"text":"debate.","start":9782.806,"end":9783.226}]},{"text":"Our shared objective must be that natural resources become a driver of peace and sustainable development.","start":9784.016,"end":9790.283,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":9784.016,"end":9784.129},{"text":"shared","start":9784.129,"end":9784.565},{"text":"objective","start":9784.597,"end":9785.259},{"text":"must","start":9785.259,"end":9785.484},{"text":"be","start":9785.484,"end":9785.71},{"text":"that","start":9785.71,"end":9785.888},{"text":"natural","start":9785.888,"end":9786.275},{"text":"resources","start":9786.275,"end":9786.904},{"text":"become","start":9787.017,"end":9787.227},{"text":"a","start":9787.275,"end":9787.55},{"text":"driver","start":9787.55,"end":9787.746},{"text":"of","start":9787.746,"end":9787.877},{"text":"peace","start":9787.91,"end":9788.204},{"text":"and","start":9788.875,"end":9788.941},{"text":"sustainable","start":9788.973,"end":9789.628},{"text":"development.","start":9789.628,"end":9790.283}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":9790.61,"end":9791.036,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9790.61,"end":9790.659},{"text":"thank","start":9790.692,"end":9790.954},{"text":"you.","start":9790.954,"end":9791.036}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"DEU","affiliation_full":"Germany","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":68,"start":9794.027,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9795","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Germany and give the floor now to Guinea, to be followed by Poland.","start":9794.027,"end":9798.317,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9794.027,"end":9794.076},{"text":"thank","start":9794.108,"end":9794.382},{"text":"Germany","start":9794.431,"end":9794.834},{"text":"and","start":9794.898,"end":9795.059},{"text":"give","start":9795.059,"end":9795.172},{"text":"the","start":9795.172,"end":9795.301},{"text":"floor","start":9795.301,"end":9795.656},{"text":"now","start":9795.962,"end":9796.075},{"text":"to","start":9796.349,"end":9796.495},{"text":"Guinea,","start":9796.591,"end":9796.817},{"text":"to","start":9797.107,"end":9797.236},{"text":"be","start":9797.236,"end":9797.333},{"text":"followed","start":9797.333,"end":9797.656},{"text":"by","start":9797.656,"end":9797.897},{"text":"Poland.","start":9797.897,"end":9798.317}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"It appears Guinea is not in the room.","start":9806.345,"end":9809.363,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9806.345,"end":9807.276},{"text":"appears","start":9807.694,"end":9808.641},{"text":"Guinea","start":9808.673,"end":9808.882},{"text":"is","start":9808.898,"end":9808.962},{"text":"not","start":9808.994,"end":9809.058},{"text":"in","start":9809.058,"end":9809.171},{"text":"the","start":9809.171,"end":9809.235},{"text":"room.","start":9809.235,"end":9809.363}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Poland has the floor.","start":9809.46,"end":9810.616,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Poland","start":9809.46,"end":9809.925},{"text":"has","start":9809.941,"end":9810.086},{"text":"the","start":9810.118,"end":9810.15},{"text":"floor.","start":9810.198,"end":9810.616}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":69,"start":9811.242,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9812","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"We thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this very important debate.","start":9811.242,"end":9815.641,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9811.242,"end":9811.435},{"text":"thank","start":9811.547,"end":9811.708},{"text":"the","start":9811.708,"end":9811.788},{"text":"Democratic","start":9811.804,"end":9812.237},{"text":"Republic","start":9812.269,"end":9812.607},{"text":"of","start":9812.607,"end":9812.687},{"text":"the","start":9812.687,"end":9812.831},{"text":"Congo","start":9812.831,"end":9813.233},{"text":"for","start":9813.233,"end":9813.377},{"text":"convening","start":9813.49,"end":9813.939},{"text":"this","start":9814.052,"end":9814.276},{"text":"very","start":9814.276,"end":9814.405},{"text":"important","start":9814.533,"end":9815.095},{"text":"debate.","start":9815.095,"end":9815.641}]},{"text":"As many participants have already said before, critical raw materials are indispensable to the energy and digital transitions, as well as development of advanced technologies and defense capabilities.","start":9816.203,"end":9828.245,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9816.203,"end":9816.267},{"text":"many","start":9816.364,"end":9816.589},{"text":"participants","start":9816.621,"end":9817.343},{"text":"have","start":9817.343,"end":9817.52},{"text":"already","start":9817.584,"end":9817.873},{"text":"said","start":9817.889,"end":9818.194},{"text":"before,","start":9818.226,"end":9818.58},{"text":"critical","start":9818.772,"end":9819.19},{"text":"raw","start":9819.19,"end":9819.286},{"text":"materials","start":9819.286,"end":9820.041},{"text":"are","start":9820.153,"end":9820.249},{"text":"indispensable","start":9820.394,"end":9821.421},{"text":"to","start":9821.421,"end":9821.518},{"text":"the","start":9821.518,"end":9821.662},{"text":"energy","start":9821.743,"end":9822.144},{"text":"and","start":9822.144,"end":9822.305},{"text":"digital","start":9822.305,"end":9822.658},{"text":"transitions,","start":9823.348,"end":9823.974},{"text":"as","start":9824.087,"end":9824.135},{"text":"well","start":9824.231,"end":9824.36},{"text":"as","start":9824.488,"end":9824.536},{"text":"development","start":9824.601,"end":9825.468},{"text":"of","start":9825.596,"end":9825.741},{"text":"advanced","start":9825.837,"end":9826.319},{"text":"technologies","start":9826.319,"end":9827.025},{"text":"and","start":9827.218,"end":9827.346},{"text":"defense","start":9827.378,"end":9827.86},{"text":"capabilities.","start":9827.86,"end":9828.245}]},{"text":"They are critical because of their irreplaceability and high vulnerability of their supply chains to disruptions.","start":9829.368,"end":9837.527,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9829.368,"end":9829.528},{"text":"are","start":9829.608,"end":9829.736},{"text":"critical","start":9829.784,"end":9830.378},{"text":"because","start":9830.57,"end":9830.875},{"text":"of","start":9831.051,"end":9831.211},{"text":"their","start":9831.211,"end":9831.468},{"text":"irreplaceability","start":9831.612,"end":9832.638},{"text":"and","start":9833.856,"end":9833.936},{"text":"high","start":9833.953,"end":9834.273},{"text":"vulnerability","start":9834.273,"end":9835.203},{"text":"of","start":9835.492,"end":9835.62},{"text":"their","start":9835.62,"end":9835.716},{"text":"supply","start":9835.716,"end":9836.053},{"text":"chains","start":9836.341,"end":9836.646},{"text":"to","start":9836.742,"end":9836.838},{"text":"disruptions.","start":9836.838,"end":9837.527}]},{"text":"Their supply chains are increasingly used to advance political objectives.","start":9838.185,"end":9843.539,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":9838.185,"end":9838.313},{"text":"supply","start":9838.377,"end":9838.874},{"text":"chains","start":9839.066,"end":9839.531},{"text":"are","start":9839.868,"end":9840.477},{"text":"increasingly","start":9840.589,"end":9841.295},{"text":"used","start":9841.327,"end":9841.615},{"text":"to","start":9841.648,"end":9841.76},{"text":"advance","start":9841.808,"end":9842.241},{"text":"political","start":9842.449,"end":9842.914},{"text":"objectives.","start":9842.914,"end":9843.539}]},{"text":"In this context, Poland believes that in order to mitigate the risk of critical minerals being leveraged as a tool of political pressure, it is important to to work towards reducing strategic dependencies, diversifying supply routes as a tool of building resilience, but also promoting transparent and resilient markets.","start":9844.293,"end":9865.994,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9844.293,"end":9844.373},{"text":"this","start":9844.437,"end":9844.645},{"text":"context,","start":9844.677,"end":9845.271},{"text":"Poland","start":9845.335,"end":9845.655},{"text":"believes","start":9845.655,"end":9846.104},{"text":"that","start":9846.136,"end":9846.553},{"text":"in","start":9846.697,"end":9846.745},{"text":"order","start":9846.938,"end":9847.258},{"text":"to","start":9847.258,"end":9847.435},{"text":"mitigate","start":9847.435,"end":9847.98},{"text":"the","start":9847.98,"end":9848.14},{"text":"risk","start":9848.14,"end":9848.381},{"text":"of","start":9848.381,"end":9848.509},{"text":"critical","start":9848.525,"end":9848.91},{"text":"minerals","start":9849.407,"end":9849.791},{"text":"being","start":9849.888,"end":9850.032},{"text":"leveraged","start":9850.128,"end":9850.705},{"text":"as","start":9850.721,"end":9850.865},{"text":"a","start":9850.865,"end":9850.946},{"text":"tool","start":9850.946,"end":9851.314},{"text":"of","start":9851.362,"end":9851.475},{"text":"political","start":9851.491,"end":9851.891},{"text":"pressure,","start":9851.972,"end":9852.404},{"text":"it","start":9853.03,"end":9853.126},{"text":"is","start":9853.126,"end":9853.238},{"text":"important","start":9853.286,"end":9853.911},{"text":"to","start":9853.911,"end":9854.008},{"text":"to","start":9853.96,"end":9854.008},{"text":"work","start":9854.152,"end":9854.456},{"text":"towards","start":9854.456,"end":9855.001},{"text":"reducing","start":9855.274,"end":9855.786},{"text":"strategic","start":9855.899,"end":9856.475},{"text":"dependencies,","start":9856.54,"end":9857.405},{"text":"diversifying","start":9857.918,"end":9858.911},{"text":"supply","start":9858.975,"end":9859.392},{"text":"routes","start":9859.44,"end":9859.825},{"text":"as","start":9859.825,"end":9859.889},{"text":"a","start":9859.937,"end":9860.065},{"text":"tool","start":9860.065,"end":9860.353},{"text":"of","start":9860.658,"end":9860.77},{"text":"building","start":9860.882,"end":9861.171},{"text":"resilience,","start":9861.283,"end":9861.876},{"text":"but","start":9862.549,"end":9862.725},{"text":"also","start":9862.789,"end":9863.094},{"text":"promoting","start":9863.286,"end":9863.783},{"text":"transparent","start":9863.911,"end":9864.712},{"text":"and","start":9864.728,"end":9864.792},{"text":"resilient","start":9864.888,"end":9865.513},{"text":"markets.","start":9865.513,"end":9865.994}]},{"text":"We would like to underline also the need of all market participants to adhere to strict corporate and social responsibility frameworks in extraction and production of raw materials, ensuring supply chain transparency, human rights, labor standards, and environmental stewardship.","start":9866.635,"end":9883.95,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9866.635,"end":9866.731},{"text":"would","start":9866.731,"end":9866.876},{"text":"like","start":9866.892,"end":9867.132},{"text":"to","start":9867.132,"end":9867.26},{"text":"underline","start":9867.372,"end":9867.885},{"text":"also","start":9868.077,"end":9868.334},{"text":"the","start":9868.334,"end":9868.51},{"text":"need","start":9868.51,"end":9868.799},{"text":"of","start":9868.831,"end":9868.911},{"text":"all","start":9869.119,"end":9869.215},{"text":"market","start":9869.215,"end":9869.584},{"text":"participants","start":9869.616,"end":9870.401},{"text":"to","start":9870.401,"end":9870.497},{"text":"adhere","start":9870.497,"end":9870.77},{"text":"to","start":9870.882,"end":9870.978},{"text":"strict","start":9870.978,"end":9871.523},{"text":"corporate","start":9871.523,"end":9871.955},{"text":"and","start":9871.955,"end":9872.084},{"text":"social","start":9872.084,"end":9872.42},{"text":"responsibility","start":9872.42,"end":9873.269},{"text":"frameworks","start":9873.285,"end":9873.926},{"text":"in","start":9874.263,"end":9874.391},{"text":"extraction","start":9874.407,"end":9875.128},{"text":"and","start":9875.128,"end":9875.224},{"text":"production","start":9875.224,"end":9875.801},{"text":"of","start":9875.801,"end":9875.946},{"text":"raw","start":9875.946,"end":9876.106},{"text":"materials,","start":9876.106,"end":9876.715},{"text":"ensuring","start":9877.212,"end":9877.596},{"text":"supply","start":9877.692,"end":9878.061},{"text":"chain","start":9878.253,"end":9878.478},{"text":"transparency,","start":9878.59,"end":9879.519},{"text":"human","start":9879.792,"end":9880.177},{"text":"rights,","start":9880.177,"end":9880.755},{"text":"labor","start":9880.9,"end":9881.221},{"text":"standards,","start":9881.221,"end":9881.927},{"text":"and","start":9882.361,"end":9882.489},{"text":"environmental","start":9882.602,"end":9883.147},{"text":"stewardship.","start":9883.164,"end":9883.95}]},{"text":"Madam President, we are concerned by the continued illicit exploitation and trafficking of natural resources, which fuel instability and insecurity in many regions of the world.","start":9884.833,"end":9896.458,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9884.833,"end":9885.09},{"text":"President,","start":9885.09,"end":9885.733},{"text":"we","start":9886.054,"end":9886.134},{"text":"are","start":9886.134,"end":9886.182},{"text":"concerned","start":9886.359,"end":9887.113},{"text":"by","start":9887.402,"end":9887.499},{"text":"the","start":9887.515,"end":9887.643},{"text":"continued","start":9887.643,"end":9888.43},{"text":"illicit","start":9888.559,"end":9888.96},{"text":"exploitation","start":9888.96,"end":9889.715},{"text":"and","start":9889.891,"end":9890.052},{"text":"trafficking","start":9890.052,"end":9890.598},{"text":"of","start":9890.694,"end":9890.742},{"text":"natural","start":9890.806,"end":9891.176},{"text":"resources,","start":9891.176,"end":9891.802},{"text":"which","start":9892.3,"end":9892.46},{"text":"fuel","start":9892.492,"end":9892.749},{"text":"instability","start":9892.878,"end":9893.648},{"text":"and","start":9893.921,"end":9893.986},{"text":"insecurity","start":9894.227,"end":9895.013},{"text":"in","start":9895.126,"end":9895.206},{"text":"many","start":9895.206,"end":9895.447},{"text":"regions","start":9895.447,"end":9895.816},{"text":"of","start":9895.912,"end":9896.009},{"text":"the","start":9896.073,"end":9896.137},{"text":"world.","start":9896.153,"end":9896.458}]},{"text":"In that regard, we would like to underscore our support for international efforts to address the negative impacts of competition on natural resources on peace, security, and sustainable development, including through mechanisms such as Kimberley Process and relevant UN Security Council sanctions regimes.","start":9897.197,"end":9916.747,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9897.197,"end":9897.293},{"text":"that","start":9897.293,"end":9897.598},{"text":"regard,","start":9897.598,"end":9897.936},{"text":"we","start":9897.952,"end":9898},{"text":"would","start":9898,"end":9898.16},{"text":"like","start":9898.16,"end":9898.401},{"text":"to","start":9898.401,"end":9898.562},{"text":"underscore","start":9898.642,"end":9899.172},{"text":"our","start":9899.525,"end":9899.638},{"text":"support","start":9899.638,"end":9900.264},{"text":"for","start":9900.264,"end":9900.392},{"text":"international","start":9900.505,"end":9901.291},{"text":"efforts","start":9901.307,"end":9901.853},{"text":"to","start":9901.853,"end":9901.902},{"text":"address","start":9901.95,"end":9902.351},{"text":"the","start":9902.351,"end":9902.447},{"text":"negative","start":9902.447,"end":9902.849},{"text":"impacts","start":9902.913,"end":9903.443},{"text":"of","start":9903.893,"end":9904.005},{"text":"competition","start":9904.037,"end":9904.567},{"text":"on","start":9904.824,"end":9905.049},{"text":"natural","start":9905.338,"end":9905.722},{"text":"resources","start":9905.722,"end":9906.379},{"text":"on","start":9906.924,"end":9906.972},{"text":"peace,","start":9907.084,"end":9907.309},{"text":"security,","start":9907.325,"end":9907.902},{"text":"and","start":9908.03,"end":9908.11},{"text":"sustainable","start":9908.126,"end":9908.623},{"text":"development,","start":9908.623,"end":9909.408},{"text":"including","start":9909.873,"end":9910.337},{"text":"through","start":9910.369,"end":9910.594},{"text":"mechanisms","start":9910.594,"end":9911.363},{"text":"such","start":9911.363,"end":9911.7},{"text":"as","start":9911.748,"end":9911.86},{"text":"Kimberley","start":9911.972,"end":9912.421},{"text":"Process","start":9912.453,"end":9912.901},{"text":"and","start":9913.174,"end":9913.302},{"text":"relevant","start":9913.398,"end":9914.103},{"text":"UN","start":9914.215,"end":9914.456},{"text":"Security","start":9914.456,"end":9914.905},{"text":"Council","start":9914.937,"end":9915.53},{"text":"sanctions","start":9915.754,"end":9916.283},{"text":"regimes.","start":9916.283,"end":9916.747}]},{"text":"Together with the work of relevant panels of experts, we believe that Council is equipped with important tools to support member states in curbing the illicit exploitation of natural resources in conflict situations.","start":9917.42,"end":9930.785,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Together","start":9917.42,"end":9917.789},{"text":"with","start":9917.805,"end":9917.933},{"text":"the","start":9917.965,"end":9918.029},{"text":"work","start":9918.126,"end":9918.382},{"text":"of","start":9918.382,"end":9918.51},{"text":"relevant","start":9918.847,"end":9919.327},{"text":"panels","start":9919.327,"end":9919.68},{"text":"of","start":9919.728,"end":9919.824},{"text":"experts,","start":9919.824,"end":9920.353},{"text":"we","start":9920.449,"end":9920.545},{"text":"believe","start":9920.609,"end":9920.994},{"text":"that","start":9921.026,"end":9921.234},{"text":"Council","start":9921.267,"end":9921.875},{"text":"is","start":9921.972,"end":9922.116},{"text":"equipped","start":9922.372,"end":9922.949},{"text":"with","start":9923.173,"end":9923.334},{"text":"important","start":9923.35,"end":9924.007},{"text":"tools","start":9924.007,"end":9924.359},{"text":"to","start":9924.872,"end":9924.952},{"text":"support","start":9924.952,"end":9925.433},{"text":"member","start":9925.433,"end":9925.77},{"text":"states","start":9925.77,"end":9926.314},{"text":"in","start":9926.314,"end":9926.443},{"text":"curbing","start":9926.715,"end":9927.164},{"text":"the","start":9927.26,"end":9927.34},{"text":"illicit","start":9927.34,"end":9927.677},{"text":"exploitation","start":9927.677,"end":9928.334},{"text":"of","start":9928.334,"end":9928.446},{"text":"natural","start":9928.878,"end":9929.199},{"text":"resources","start":9929.199,"end":9929.808},{"text":"in","start":9929.904,"end":9930},{"text":"conflict","start":9930,"end":9930.337},{"text":"situations.","start":9930.337,"end":9930.785}]},{"text":"We also believe there is a role to play by the Peacebuilding Commission in that regard, whose task is to address the root causes of conflicts.","start":9931.604,"end":9939.183,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9931.604,"end":9931.765},{"text":"also","start":9931.909,"end":9932.102},{"text":"believe","start":9932.166,"end":9932.455},{"text":"there","start":9932.503,"end":9932.648},{"text":"is","start":9932.648,"end":9932.696},{"text":"a","start":9932.808,"end":9932.824},{"text":"role","start":9932.824,"end":9933.001},{"text":"to","start":9933.13,"end":9933.29},{"text":"play","start":9933.354,"end":9933.451},{"text":"by","start":9933.675,"end":9933.836},{"text":"the","start":9933.836,"end":9933.884},{"text":"Peacebuilding","start":9933.997,"end":9934.462},{"text":"Commission","start":9934.575,"end":9935.008},{"text":"in","start":9935.137,"end":9935.185},{"text":"that","start":9935.281,"end":9935.522},{"text":"regard,","start":9935.522,"end":9936.02},{"text":"whose","start":9936.341,"end":9936.55},{"text":"task","start":9936.582,"end":9936.967},{"text":"is","start":9936.967,"end":9937.031},{"text":"to","start":9937.063,"end":9937.224},{"text":"address","start":9937.224,"end":9937.625},{"text":"the","start":9937.625,"end":9937.77},{"text":"root","start":9937.77,"end":9938.011},{"text":"causes","start":9938.011,"end":9938.396},{"text":"of","start":9938.444,"end":9938.557},{"text":"conflicts.","start":9938.589,"end":9939.183}]},{"text":"However, the main responsibility rests with states.","start":9939.857,"end":9942.908,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":9939.857,"end":9940.275},{"text":"the","start":9940.339,"end":9940.403},{"text":"main","start":9940.435,"end":9940.724},{"text":"responsibility","start":9940.756,"end":9941.688},{"text":"rests","start":9941.704,"end":9942.202},{"text":"with","start":9942.266,"end":9942.41},{"text":"states.","start":9942.426,"end":9942.908}]},{"text":"In closing, let me also underline that in the territories of Ukraine currently under Russian occupation, the systemic plundering of minerals, coal, oil, gas, and other assets is taking place.","start":9943.47,"end":9957.265,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9943.47,"end":9943.534},{"text":"closing,","start":9943.631,"end":9944.096},{"text":"let","start":9944.289,"end":9944.466},{"text":"me","start":9944.594,"end":9944.803},{"text":"also","start":9945.076,"end":9945.381},{"text":"underline","start":9945.413,"end":9945.927},{"text":"that","start":9946.44,"end":9946.553},{"text":"in","start":9946.601,"end":9946.665},{"text":"the","start":9946.697,"end":9946.778},{"text":"territories","start":9946.842,"end":9947.308},{"text":"of","start":9947.42,"end":9947.564},{"text":"Ukraine","start":9947.564,"end":9948.03},{"text":"currently","start":9948.303,"end":9948.753},{"text":"under","start":9948.785,"end":9949.01},{"text":"Russian","start":9949.01,"end":9949.379},{"text":"occupation,","start":9949.491,"end":9950.117},{"text":"the","start":9950.631,"end":9950.712},{"text":"systemic","start":9950.712,"end":9951.434},{"text":"plundering","start":9951.434,"end":9951.964},{"text":"of","start":9952.092,"end":9952.205},{"text":"minerals,","start":9952.301,"end":9952.767},{"text":"coal,","start":9952.943,"end":9953.072},{"text":"oil,","start":9953.762,"end":9953.891},{"text":"gas,","start":9954.388,"end":9954.742},{"text":"and","start":9955.288,"end":9955.352},{"text":"other","start":9955.593,"end":9955.753},{"text":"assets","start":9955.834,"end":9956.267},{"text":"is","start":9956.476,"end":9956.541},{"text":"taking","start":9956.637,"end":9956.895},{"text":"place.","start":9956.975,"end":9957.265}]},{"text":"This is another reminder of the character of the Russian illegal war against Ukraine, which has to stop.","start":9958.103,"end":9963.563,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9958.103,"end":9958.264},{"text":"is","start":9958.264,"end":9958.312},{"text":"another","start":9958.425,"end":9958.828},{"text":"reminder","start":9958.828,"end":9959.456},{"text":"of","start":9959.472,"end":9959.601},{"text":"the","start":9959.617,"end":9959.665},{"text":"character","start":9959.714,"end":9960.245},{"text":"of","start":9960.342,"end":9960.439},{"text":"the","start":9960.439,"end":9960.519},{"text":"Russian","start":9960.519,"end":9960.89},{"text":"illegal","start":9960.922,"end":9961.389},{"text":"war","start":9961.389,"end":9961.566},{"text":"against","start":9961.566,"end":9961.888},{"text":"Ukraine,","start":9961.888,"end":9962.339},{"text":"which","start":9962.694,"end":9962.823},{"text":"has","start":9962.839,"end":9962.984},{"text":"to","start":9963.096,"end":9963.241},{"text":"stop.","start":9963.241,"end":9963.563}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":9964.36,"end":9966.629,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9964.36,"end":9965.019},{"text":"you.","start":9966.468,"end":9966.629}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"POL","affiliation_full":"Poland","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":70,"start":9967.514,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9968","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Poland and I give the floor to Morocco, to be followed by Qatar.","start":9967.514,"end":9972.681,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9967.514,"end":9967.562},{"text":"thank","start":9967.691,"end":9968.158},{"text":"Poland","start":9968.158,"end":9968.657},{"text":"and","start":9968.657,"end":9968.802},{"text":"I","start":9968.802,"end":9968.898},{"text":"give","start":9968.898,"end":9969.059},{"text":"the","start":9969.059,"end":9969.204},{"text":"floor","start":9969.204,"end":9969.574},{"text":"to","start":9969.864,"end":9969.993},{"text":"Morocco,","start":9970.025,"end":9970.685},{"text":"to","start":9971.393,"end":9971.441},{"text":"be","start":9971.474,"end":9971.618},{"text":"followed","start":9971.618,"end":9971.956},{"text":"by","start":9971.956,"end":9972.15},{"text":"Qatar.","start":9972.182,"end":9972.681}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":71,"start":9978.32,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=9979","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":9978.32,"end":9980.562,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9978.32,"end":9978.723},{"text":"you,","start":9978.723,"end":9978.82},{"text":"Mr.","start":9979.546,"end":9979.788},{"text":"President.","start":9979.852,"end":9980.562}]},{"text":"I would like first and foremost First, to apologize on behalf of my ambassador who was unable to be present today.","start":9980.804,"end":9987.535,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9980.804,"end":9980.884},{"text":"would","start":9980.884,"end":9981.062},{"text":"like","start":9981.062,"end":9981.368},{"text":"first","start":9981.368,"end":9981.643},{"text":"and","start":9981.691,"end":9981.788},{"text":"foremost","start":9981.788,"end":9982.304},{"text":"First,","start":9982.45,"end":9983.123},{"text":"to","start":9983.203,"end":9983.46},{"text":"apologize","start":9983.829,"end":9984.407},{"text":"on","start":9984.407,"end":9984.455},{"text":"behalf","start":9984.487,"end":9984.743},{"text":"of","start":9984.743,"end":9984.808},{"text":"my","start":9984.808,"end":9985.064},{"text":"ambassador","start":9985.129,"end":9985.69},{"text":"who","start":9985.69,"end":9985.834},{"text":"was","start":9985.834,"end":9985.995},{"text":"unable","start":9985.995,"end":9986.235},{"text":"to","start":9986.251,"end":9986.348},{"text":"be","start":9986.348,"end":9986.492},{"text":"present","start":9986.492,"end":9987.182},{"text":"today.","start":9987.23,"end":9987.535}]},{"text":"This is owing to his participation in the outgoing PGAs as a chair of the Peacebuilding Commission and related duties.","start":9988.241,"end":9999.053,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9988.241,"end":9988.417},{"text":"is","start":9988.417,"end":9988.465},{"text":"owing","start":9988.642,"end":9988.866},{"text":"to","start":9988.898,"end":9989.011},{"text":"his","start":9989.139,"end":9989.267},{"text":"participation","start":9989.364,"end":9990.23},{"text":"in","start":9990.968,"end":9991.032},{"text":"the","start":9991.224,"end":9991.417},{"text":"outgoing","start":9992.01,"end":9992.797},{"text":"PGAs","start":9992.909,"end":9993.727},{"text":"as","start":9994.337,"end":9994.561},{"text":"a","start":9994.657,"end":9994.673},{"text":"chair","start":9994.818,"end":9995.171},{"text":"of","start":9995.395,"end":9995.684},{"text":"the","start":9996.262,"end":9996.47},{"text":"Peacebuilding","start":9996.663,"end":9997.192},{"text":"Commission","start":9997.24,"end":9997.689},{"text":"and","start":9997.802,"end":9998.01},{"text":"related","start":9998.187,"end":9998.588},{"text":"duties.","start":9998.588,"end":9999.053}]},{"text":"Madam President—","start":10000.112,"end":10001.555,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10000.112,"end":10000.529},{"text":"President—","start":10000.753,"end":10001.555}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MAR","affiliation_full":"Morocco","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":72,"start":10002.293,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10003","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"English.","start":10002.293,"end":10002.598,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"English.","start":10002.293,"end":10002.598}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Interpreter"}},{"statement_number":73,"start":10002.759,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10003","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"This is Thierry Kawikwamba Wagner, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":10002.759,"end":10009.175,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10002.759,"end":10002.887},{"text":"is","start":10002.935,"end":10003.063},{"text":"Thierry","start":10003.095,"end":10003.705},{"text":"Kawikwamba","start":10004.218,"end":10004.78},{"text":"Wagner,","start":10004.796,"end":10005.261},{"text":"Minister","start":10005.422,"end":10005.903},{"text":"of","start":10005.903,"end":10005.983},{"text":"Foreign","start":10005.983,"end":10006.24},{"text":"Affairs","start":10006.288,"end":10006.593},{"text":"of","start":10006.929,"end":10006.994},{"text":"the","start":10007.106,"end":10007.282},{"text":"Democratic","start":10007.282,"end":10008.373},{"text":"Republic","start":10008.373,"end":10008.726},{"text":"of","start":10008.774,"end":10008.887},{"text":"the","start":10008.887,"end":10009.015},{"text":"Congo.","start":10009.015,"end":10009.175}]},{"text":"For chairing this meeting and warmly welcomes the initiative of the Brotherly Democratic Republic of the Congo for choosing a thematic of growing importance to international peace and security.","start":10009.496,"end":10020.937,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":10009.496,"end":10009.592},{"text":"chairing","start":10009.656,"end":10009.961},{"text":"this","start":10010.057,"end":10010.233},{"text":"meeting","start":10010.233,"end":10010.521},{"text":"and","start":10011.275,"end":10011.339},{"text":"warmly","start":10011.419,"end":10011.803},{"text":"welcomes","start":10011.98,"end":10012.444},{"text":"the","start":10012.476,"end":10012.621},{"text":"initiative","start":10012.621,"end":10013.245},{"text":"of","start":10013.358,"end":10013.502},{"text":"the","start":10013.582,"end":10013.678},{"text":"Brotherly","start":10013.742,"end":10014.159},{"text":"Democratic","start":10014.159,"end":10014.8},{"text":"Republic","start":10014.8,"end":10015.216},{"text":"of","start":10015.216,"end":10015.329},{"text":"the","start":10015.361,"end":10015.505},{"text":"Congo","start":10015.505,"end":10015.905},{"text":"for","start":10016.322,"end":10016.45},{"text":"choosing","start":10016.546,"end":10016.931},{"text":"a","start":10017.203,"end":10017.219},{"text":"thematic","start":10017.268,"end":10017.78},{"text":"of","start":10017.908,"end":10017.973},{"text":"growing","start":10018.069,"end":10018.293},{"text":"importance","start":10018.405,"end":10018.934},{"text":"to","start":10019.527,"end":10019.687},{"text":"international","start":10019.687,"end":10020.168},{"text":"peace","start":10020.168,"end":10020.328},{"text":"and","start":10020.328,"end":10020.488},{"text":"security.","start":10020.488,"end":10020.937}]},{"text":"Today's world does not lack natural resources, minerals, or rare earth elements.","start":10022.331,"end":10027.683,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Today's","start":10022.331,"end":10022.716},{"text":"world","start":10022.796,"end":10023.02},{"text":"does","start":10023.373,"end":10023.501},{"text":"not","start":10023.533,"end":10023.837},{"text":"lack","start":10023.837,"end":10023.949},{"text":"natural","start":10024.03,"end":10024.414},{"text":"resources,","start":10024.414,"end":10025.023},{"text":"minerals,","start":10025.68,"end":10026.145},{"text":"or","start":10026.481,"end":10026.529},{"text":"rare","start":10026.577,"end":10026.898},{"text":"earth","start":10026.898,"end":10027.186},{"text":"elements.","start":10027.282,"end":10027.683}]},{"text":"What it lacks is responsible development, trust, and true partnerships.","start":10028.42,"end":10032.987,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"What","start":10028.42,"end":10028.564},{"text":"it","start":10028.564,"end":10028.805},{"text":"lacks","start":10028.805,"end":10029.157},{"text":"is","start":10029.366,"end":10029.43},{"text":"responsible","start":10029.526,"end":10030.455},{"text":"development,","start":10030.503,"end":10031.176},{"text":"trust,","start":10031.481,"end":10031.785},{"text":"and","start":10031.945,"end":10032.01},{"text":"true","start":10032.106,"end":10032.314},{"text":"partnerships.","start":10032.33,"end":10032.987}]},{"text":"The 2030 Agenda reminds us that there is no development without peace and no peace without development, a principle that shapes the lived realities of communities whose futures depend on how resources are governed.","start":10034.093,"end":10047.566,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10034.093,"end":10034.189},{"text":"2030","start":10034.189,"end":10034.798},{"text":"Agenda","start":10034.814,"end":10035.31},{"text":"reminds","start":10035.31,"end":10035.791},{"text":"us","start":10035.791,"end":10035.903},{"text":"that","start":10036,"end":10036.291},{"text":"there","start":10036.663,"end":10036.776},{"text":"is","start":10036.825,"end":10036.889},{"text":"no","start":10036.938,"end":10037.1},{"text":"development","start":10037.148,"end":10037.731},{"text":"without","start":10037.731,"end":10038.119},{"text":"peace","start":10038.119,"end":10038.265},{"text":"and","start":10038.944,"end":10039.009},{"text":"no","start":10039.041,"end":10039.252},{"text":"peace","start":10039.252,"end":10039.494},{"text":"without","start":10039.494,"end":10039.753},{"text":"development,","start":10039.753,"end":10040.401},{"text":"a","start":10041.274,"end":10041.307},{"text":"principle","start":10041.371,"end":10041.938},{"text":"that","start":10041.938,"end":10042.116},{"text":"shapes","start":10042.116,"end":10042.52},{"text":"the","start":10042.892,"end":10042.973},{"text":"lived","start":10042.989,"end":10043.297},{"text":"realities","start":10043.297,"end":10043.847},{"text":"of","start":10044.138,"end":10044.219},{"text":"communities","start":10044.284,"end":10044.818},{"text":"whose","start":10044.915,"end":10044.98},{"text":"futures","start":10044.98,"end":10045.464},{"text":"depend","start":10045.82,"end":10046.192},{"text":"on","start":10046.224,"end":10046.273},{"text":"how","start":10046.386,"end":10046.483},{"text":"resources","start":10046.612,"end":10047.081},{"text":"are","start":10047.178,"end":10047.275},{"text":"governed.","start":10047.275,"end":10047.566}]},{"text":"The governance unfolds today against a moment shaped by climate shocks, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions, a convergence that lends today's reflection to merely timeless but necessity.","start":10049.118,"end":10063.174,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10049.118,"end":10049.215},{"text":"governance","start":10049.215,"end":10049.667},{"text":"unfolds","start":10049.78,"end":10050.314},{"text":"today","start":10050.346,"end":10050.734},{"text":"against","start":10050.734,"end":10051.041},{"text":"a","start":10051.219,"end":10051.235},{"text":"moment","start":10051.235,"end":10051.639},{"text":"shaped","start":10051.979,"end":10052.367},{"text":"by","start":10052.367,"end":10052.529},{"text":"climate","start":10052.529,"end":10052.836},{"text":"shocks,","start":10052.836,"end":10053.288},{"text":"environmental","start":10053.562,"end":10054.111},{"text":"degradation,","start":10054.159,"end":10054.757},{"text":"and","start":10055.031,"end":10055.096},{"text":"geopolitical","start":10055.177,"end":10055.822},{"text":"tensions,","start":10055.903,"end":10056.29},{"text":"a","start":10057.437,"end":10057.453},{"text":"convergence","start":10057.517,"end":10058.179},{"text":"that","start":10058.179,"end":10058.631},{"text":"lends","start":10059.455,"end":10059.681},{"text":"today's","start":10059.794,"end":10060.133},{"text":"reflection","start":10060.181,"end":10060.649},{"text":"to","start":10060.746,"end":10060.892},{"text":"merely","start":10060.924,"end":10061.327},{"text":"timeless","start":10061.327,"end":10061.828},{"text":"but","start":10062.468,"end":10062.709},{"text":"necessity.","start":10062.709,"end":10063.174}]},{"text":"Country-specific sanctions regimes and panels of experts have their place, but taken alone, they cannot close the normative gaps linking natural resources and peace that bring us together today.","start":10064.492,"end":10076.281,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Country-specific","start":10064.492,"end":10065.375},{"text":"sanctions","start":10065.375,"end":10065.905},{"text":"regimes","start":10066.178,"end":10066.628},{"text":"and","start":10067.222,"end":10067.286},{"text":"panels","start":10067.383,"end":10067.752},{"text":"of","start":10067.768,"end":10067.929},{"text":"experts","start":10067.945,"end":10068.363},{"text":"have","start":10068.443,"end":10068.668},{"text":"their","start":10068.668,"end":10068.78},{"text":"place,","start":10068.828,"end":10069.037},{"text":"but","start":10069.294,"end":10069.535},{"text":"taken","start":10069.535,"end":10069.76},{"text":"alone,","start":10069.792,"end":10070.161},{"text":"they","start":10070.659,"end":10070.756},{"text":"cannot","start":10070.756,"end":10071.061},{"text":"close","start":10071.061,"end":10071.366},{"text":"the","start":10071.463,"end":10071.495},{"text":"normative","start":10071.495,"end":10071.928},{"text":"gaps","start":10071.96,"end":10072.25},{"text":"linking","start":10072.362,"end":10072.651},{"text":"natural","start":10072.764,"end":10073.165},{"text":"resources","start":10073.165,"end":10073.695},{"text":"and","start":10074.289,"end":10074.354},{"text":"peace","start":10074.45,"end":10074.755},{"text":"that","start":10074.755,"end":10074.852},{"text":"bring","start":10074.852,"end":10075.06},{"text":"us","start":10075.109,"end":10075.269},{"text":"together","start":10075.574,"end":10075.96},{"text":"today.","start":10075.96,"end":10076.281}]},{"text":"Yet the absence of a single overarching framework linking natural resources and peace does not mean individual instruments cannot deliver real results.","start":10077.582,"end":10087.685,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":10077.582,"end":10077.919},{"text":"the","start":10078.128,"end":10078.209},{"text":"absence","start":10078.289,"end":10078.819},{"text":"of","start":10079.333,"end":10079.381},{"text":"a","start":10079.429,"end":10079.445},{"text":"single","start":10079.445,"end":10079.959},{"text":"overarching","start":10079.992,"end":10080.489},{"text":"framework","start":10081.019,"end":10081.533},{"text":"linking","start":10081.533,"end":10081.807},{"text":"natural","start":10081.919,"end":10082.321},{"text":"resources","start":10082.321,"end":10082.931},{"text":"and","start":10083.108,"end":10083.188},{"text":"peace","start":10083.284,"end":10083.557},{"text":"does","start":10084.152,"end":10084.296},{"text":"not","start":10084.328,"end":10084.505},{"text":"mean","start":10084.585,"end":10084.762},{"text":"individual","start":10084.89,"end":10085.549},{"text":"instruments","start":10085.613,"end":10086.208},{"text":"cannot","start":10086.432,"end":10086.754},{"text":"deliver","start":10086.754,"end":10087.043},{"text":"real","start":10087.38,"end":10087.541},{"text":"results.","start":10087.541,"end":10087.685}]},{"text":"The Kimberley Process speaks to this directly, showing that coordinated action, even with a single commodity such as diamonds, can achieve concrete progress.","start":10088.721,"end":10097.538,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10088.721,"end":10088.883},{"text":"Kimberley","start":10088.883,"end":10089.369},{"text":"Process","start":10089.369,"end":10089.79},{"text":"speaks","start":10089.79,"end":10090.244},{"text":"to","start":10090.244,"end":10090.39},{"text":"this","start":10090.406,"end":10090.584},{"text":"directly,","start":10090.584,"end":10091.086},{"text":"showing","start":10091.378,"end":10091.686},{"text":"that","start":10091.799,"end":10091.978},{"text":"coordinated","start":10092.042,"end":10092.674},{"text":"action,","start":10092.755,"end":10093.047},{"text":"even","start":10093.403,"end":10093.614},{"text":"with","start":10093.646,"end":10093.776},{"text":"a","start":10093.808,"end":10093.825},{"text":"single","start":10093.841,"end":10094.311},{"text":"commodity","start":10094.311,"end":10094.845},{"text":"such","start":10095.299,"end":10095.493},{"text":"as","start":10095.672,"end":10095.736},{"text":"diamonds,","start":10095.834,"end":10096.19},{"text":"can","start":10096.336,"end":10096.498},{"text":"achieve","start":10096.563,"end":10096.79},{"text":"concrete","start":10096.79,"end":10097.205},{"text":"progress.","start":10097.238,"end":10097.538}]},{"text":"It is in that spirit that Morocco welcomes this process and participates actively in the negotiation of the General Assembly's annual resolution on the role of diamonds in fueling conflict, a resolution that advances the contribution of this process processes, to international peace and security, and to the 2030 Agenda.","start":10099.386,"end":10117.757,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10099.386,"end":10099.418},{"text":"is","start":10099.418,"end":10099.531},{"text":"in","start":10099.644,"end":10099.725},{"text":"that","start":10099.725,"end":10099.902},{"text":"spirit","start":10099.902,"end":10100.29},{"text":"that","start":10100.29,"end":10100.516},{"text":"Morocco","start":10100.516,"end":10100.919},{"text":"welcomes","start":10100.919,"end":10101.388},{"text":"this","start":10101.484,"end":10101.662},{"text":"process","start":10101.662,"end":10102.227},{"text":"and","start":10102.227,"end":10102.356},{"text":"participates","start":10102.388,"end":10103.099},{"text":"actively","start":10103.131,"end":10103.599},{"text":"in","start":10103.841,"end":10103.89},{"text":"the","start":10103.922,"end":10104.019},{"text":"negotiation","start":10104.019,"end":10104.778},{"text":"of","start":10104.794,"end":10104.842},{"text":"the","start":10104.955,"end":10105.214},{"text":"General","start":10105.214,"end":10105.52},{"text":"Assembly's","start":10105.52,"end":10106.069},{"text":"annual","start":10106.651,"end":10106.909},{"text":"resolution","start":10106.909,"end":10107.442},{"text":"on","start":10107.7,"end":10107.764},{"text":"the","start":10107.797,"end":10107.958},{"text":"role","start":10107.958,"end":10108.184},{"text":"of","start":10108.265,"end":10108.33},{"text":"diamonds","start":10108.33,"end":10108.655},{"text":"in","start":10108.834,"end":10108.882},{"text":"fueling","start":10108.915,"end":10109.224},{"text":"conflict,","start":10109.322,"end":10109.679},{"text":"a","start":10110.476,"end":10110.492},{"text":"resolution","start":10110.541,"end":10111.094},{"text":"that","start":10111.127,"end":10111.354},{"text":"advances","start":10111.371,"end":10112.021},{"text":"the","start":10112.021,"end":10112.102},{"text":"contribution","start":10112.102,"end":10112.704},{"text":"of","start":10112.753,"end":10112.899},{"text":"this","start":10112.899,"end":10113.078},{"text":"process","start":10113.078,"end":10113.436},{"text":"processes,","start":10113.31,"end":10113.55},{"text":"to","start":10114.064,"end":10114.225},{"text":"international","start":10114.241,"end":10114.915},{"text":"peace","start":10114.947,"end":10115.204},{"text":"and","start":10115.429,"end":10115.493},{"text":"security,","start":10115.509,"end":10116.119},{"text":"and","start":10116.312,"end":10116.376},{"text":"to","start":10116.457,"end":10116.617},{"text":"the","start":10116.617,"end":10116.714},{"text":"2030","start":10116.714,"end":10117.324},{"text":"Agenda.","start":10117.34,"end":10117.757}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, trust between producers, processors, and users is best built through strategic respect, sovereign balance, predictable and established practices.","start":10119.122,"end":10129.495,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10119.122,"end":10119.427},{"text":"Chair,","start":10119.427,"end":10119.78},{"text":"trust","start":10120.23,"end":10120.487},{"text":"between","start":10120.503,"end":10120.856},{"text":"producers,","start":10120.872,"end":10121.498},{"text":"processors,","start":10121.771,"end":10122.381},{"text":"and","start":10122.558,"end":10122.638},{"text":"users","start":10122.719,"end":10123.024},{"text":"is","start":10123.618,"end":10123.746},{"text":"best","start":10124.1,"end":10124.308},{"text":"built","start":10124.421,"end":10124.71},{"text":"through","start":10124.742,"end":10124.934},{"text":"strategic","start":10124.999,"end":10125.641},{"text":"respect,","start":10125.705,"end":10126.107},{"text":"sovereign","start":10126.283,"end":10126.717},{"text":"balance,","start":10126.749,"end":10127.102},{"text":"predictable","start":10127.712,"end":10128.338},{"text":"and","start":10128.435,"end":10128.499},{"text":"established","start":10128.595,"end":10129.141},{"text":"practices.","start":10129.141,"end":10129.495}]},{"text":"The Security Council has already shown how this can work.","start":10130.442,"end":10134.312,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10130.442,"end":10130.522},{"text":"Security","start":10130.602,"end":10131.084},{"text":"Council","start":10131.148,"end":10131.534},{"text":"has","start":10131.646,"end":10131.855},{"text":"already","start":10131.967,"end":10132.288},{"text":"shown","start":10132.288,"end":10132.577},{"text":"how","start":10133.412,"end":10133.509},{"text":"this","start":10133.653,"end":10133.814},{"text":"can","start":10133.814,"end":10134.055},{"text":"work.","start":10134.055,"end":10134.312}]},{"text":"Resolution 2417 turned a specific concern like the link between conflict and hunger into lasting institutional practice, largely through regular reporting to the Council without adding new obligations for member states.","start":10134.536,"end":10150.143,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Resolution","start":10134.536,"end":10135.066},{"text":"2417","start":10135.098,"end":10136.351},{"text":"turned","start":10137.009,"end":10137.394},{"text":"a","start":10137.523,"end":10137.539},{"text":"specific","start":10137.571,"end":10138.133},{"text":"concern","start":10138.133,"end":10138.583},{"text":"like","start":10138.936,"end":10139.129},{"text":"the","start":10139.418,"end":10139.498},{"text":"link","start":10139.514,"end":10139.819},{"text":"between","start":10139.835,"end":10140.204},{"text":"conflict","start":10140.477,"end":10141.039},{"text":"and","start":10141.039,"end":10141.103},{"text":"hunger","start":10141.2,"end":10141.633},{"text":"into","start":10141.842,"end":10142.115},{"text":"lasting","start":10142.789,"end":10143.095},{"text":"institutional","start":10143.271,"end":10143.929},{"text":"practice,","start":10143.929,"end":10144.347},{"text":"largely","start":10144.973,"end":10145.375},{"text":"through","start":10145.439,"end":10145.631},{"text":"regular","start":10145.76,"end":10146.097},{"text":"reporting","start":10146.097,"end":10146.547},{"text":"to","start":10146.643,"end":10146.739},{"text":"the","start":10146.739,"end":10146.82},{"text":"Council","start":10146.82,"end":10147.398},{"text":"without","start":10147.462,"end":10147.847},{"text":"adding","start":10147.928,"end":10148.072},{"text":"new","start":10148.425,"end":10148.538},{"text":"obligations","start":10148.666,"end":10149.276},{"text":"for","start":10149.373,"end":10149.453},{"text":"member","start":10149.453,"end":10149.79},{"text":"states.","start":10149.79,"end":10150.143}]},{"text":"The same logic extends naturally to the economic sphere.","start":10150.978,"end":10154.768,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10150.978,"end":10151.075},{"text":"same","start":10151.075,"end":10151.348},{"text":"logic","start":10151.717,"end":10152.054},{"text":"extends","start":10152.263,"end":10152.728},{"text":"naturally","start":10152.825,"end":10153.323},{"text":"to","start":10153.387,"end":10153.531},{"text":"the","start":10153.868,"end":10153.981},{"text":"economic","start":10153.981,"end":10154.382},{"text":"sphere.","start":10154.382,"end":10154.768}]},{"text":"Predictability is what attracts investment, and investment is what ultimately turns resource wealth into jobs and growth.","start":10155.394,"end":10163.486,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Predictability","start":10155.394,"end":10156.181},{"text":"is","start":10156.454,"end":10156.55},{"text":"what","start":10156.598,"end":10156.791},{"text":"attracts","start":10156.791,"end":10157.192},{"text":"investment,","start":10157.321,"end":10157.867},{"text":"and","start":10158.14,"end":10158.204},{"text":"investment","start":10158.3,"end":10159.071},{"text":"is","start":10159.328,"end":10159.44},{"text":"what","start":10159.488,"end":10159.825},{"text":"ultimately","start":10159.89,"end":10160.371},{"text":"turns","start":10160.371,"end":10160.676},{"text":"resource","start":10161.19,"end":10161.704},{"text":"wealth","start":10161.736,"end":10161.961},{"text":"into","start":10162.154,"end":10162.346},{"text":"jobs","start":10162.459,"end":10162.844},{"text":"and","start":10163.037,"end":10163.101},{"text":"growth.","start":10163.181,"end":10163.486}]},{"text":"Africa in particular stands to gain from pairing such confidence-building measures with investments in infrastructure, skills, and good governance.","start":10164.627,"end":10174.171,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Africa","start":10164.627,"end":10164.964},{"text":"in","start":10165.028,"end":10165.093},{"text":"particular","start":10165.125,"end":10165.816},{"text":"stands","start":10166.266,"end":10166.699},{"text":"to","start":10166.716,"end":10166.748},{"text":"gain","start":10166.812,"end":10167.021},{"text":"from","start":10167.053,"end":10167.262},{"text":"pairing","start":10167.358,"end":10167.583},{"text":"such","start":10167.68,"end":10167.905},{"text":"confidence-building","start":10168.419,"end":10169.27},{"text":"measures","start":10169.367,"end":10169.753},{"text":"with","start":10170.186,"end":10170.411},{"text":"investments","start":10170.427,"end":10171.086},{"text":"in","start":10171.392,"end":10171.44},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":10171.552,"end":10172.356},{"text":"skills,","start":10172.532,"end":10173.047},{"text":"and","start":10173.4,"end":10173.464},{"text":"good","start":10173.561,"end":10173.722},{"text":"governance.","start":10173.738,"end":10174.171}]},{"text":"Morocco's own engagement bears this out.","start":10175.473,"end":10177.674,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Morocco's","start":10175.473,"end":10176.035},{"text":"own","start":10176.116,"end":10176.164},{"text":"engagement","start":10176.276,"end":10176.935},{"text":"bears","start":10176.935,"end":10177.144},{"text":"this","start":10177.176,"end":10177.417},{"text":"out.","start":10177.417,"end":10177.674}]},{"text":"On February 4th, 2026, Morocco signed a bilateral critical minerals framework with the United States that is designed to help partner nations collaborate on pricing challenges, spur development, create fair markets, close gaps in priority supply chains, and expand access to financing.","start":10178.124,"end":10197.947,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":10178.124,"end":10178.189},{"text":"February","start":10178.542,"end":10178.896},{"text":"4th,","start":10178.896,"end":10178.992},{"text":"2026,","start":10179.088,"end":10179.972},{"text":"Morocco","start":10180.149,"end":10180.647},{"text":"signed","start":10180.647,"end":10181.177},{"text":"a","start":10181.193,"end":10181.21},{"text":"bilateral","start":10181.274,"end":10181.804},{"text":"critical","start":10182.061,"end":10182.479},{"text":"minerals","start":10182.479,"end":10182.929},{"text":"framework","start":10183.025,"end":10183.588},{"text":"with","start":10183.588,"end":10183.732},{"text":"the","start":10183.764,"end":10183.845},{"text":"United","start":10183.845,"end":10184.247},{"text":"States","start":10184.247,"end":10184.761},{"text":"that","start":10185.211,"end":10185.323},{"text":"is","start":10185.355,"end":10185.403},{"text":"designed","start":10185.516,"end":10185.966},{"text":"to","start":10185.998,"end":10186.143},{"text":"help","start":10186.159,"end":10186.335},{"text":"partner","start":10186.416,"end":10186.818},{"text":"nations","start":10186.818,"end":10187.267},{"text":"collaborate","start":10187.701,"end":10188.408},{"text":"on","start":10188.424,"end":10188.473},{"text":"pricing","start":10189.067,"end":10189.485},{"text":"challenges,","start":10189.533,"end":10190.047},{"text":"spur","start":10190.529,"end":10190.77},{"text":"development,","start":10190.834,"end":10191.412},{"text":"create","start":10191.942,"end":10192.199},{"text":"fair","start":10192.199,"end":10192.424},{"text":"markets,","start":10192.424,"end":10193.114},{"text":"close","start":10193.564,"end":10193.853},{"text":"gaps","start":10193.949,"end":10194.174},{"text":"in","start":10194.286,"end":10194.334},{"text":"priority","start":10194.447,"end":10194.928},{"text":"supply","start":10194.928,"end":10195.33},{"text":"chains,","start":10195.33,"end":10195.699},{"text":"and","start":10196.293,"end":10196.357},{"text":"expand","start":10196.438,"end":10196.903},{"text":"access","start":10196.935,"end":10197.337},{"text":"to","start":10197.337,"end":10197.465},{"text":"financing.","start":10197.481,"end":10197.947}]},{"text":"To conclude, Madam Chair, our country remains confident that the consultative process, grounded in shared responsibility and open to the contribution of the private sector, can chart a hopeful path toward strengthened peace, security, and sustained Sustainable development for all.","start":10199.007,"end":10217.347,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":10199.007,"end":10199.103},{"text":"conclude,","start":10199.103,"end":10199.633},{"text":"Madam","start":10200.227,"end":10200.452},{"text":"Chair,","start":10200.452,"end":10200.66},{"text":"our","start":10201.014,"end":10201.062},{"text":"country","start":10201.11,"end":10201.495},{"text":"remains","start":10201.511,"end":10201.849},{"text":"confident","start":10201.913,"end":10202.491},{"text":"that","start":10202.716,"end":10202.876},{"text":"the","start":10202.876,"end":10203.021},{"text":"consultative","start":10203.021,"end":10203.647},{"text":"process,","start":10203.663,"end":10203.968},{"text":"grounded","start":10204.787,"end":10205.252},{"text":"in","start":10205.349,"end":10205.445},{"text":"shared","start":10205.445,"end":10205.782},{"text":"responsibility","start":10205.782,"end":10206.585},{"text":"and","start":10206.874,"end":10206.954},{"text":"open","start":10207.147,"end":10207.356},{"text":"to","start":10207.516,"end":10207.613},{"text":"the","start":10207.613,"end":10207.693},{"text":"contribution","start":10207.757,"end":10208.303},{"text":"of","start":10208.817,"end":10208.913},{"text":"the","start":10208.961,"end":10209.058},{"text":"private","start":10209.058,"end":10209.379},{"text":"sector,","start":10209.379,"end":10209.861},{"text":"can","start":10210.406,"end":10210.471},{"text":"chart","start":10210.567,"end":10211.001},{"text":"a","start":10211.322,"end":10211.37},{"text":"hopeful","start":10211.434,"end":10211.852},{"text":"path","start":10211.932,"end":10212.446},{"text":"toward","start":10212.67,"end":10213.12},{"text":"strengthened","start":10213.393,"end":10213.891},{"text":"peace,","start":10213.955,"end":10214.212},{"text":"security,","start":10214.437,"end":10215.015},{"text":"and","start":10215.304,"end":10215.4},{"text":"sustained","start":10215.4,"end":10215.85},{"text":"Sustainable","start":10215.85,"end":10216.284},{"text":"development","start":10216.284,"end":10216.976},{"text":"for","start":10217.009,"end":10217.17},{"text":"all.","start":10217.25,"end":10217.347}]},{"text":"Morocco stands ready to contribute actively to this reflection.","start":10218.055,"end":10220.921,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Morocco","start":10218.055,"end":10218.377},{"text":"stands","start":10218.377,"end":10218.635},{"text":"ready","start":10218.699,"end":10218.876},{"text":"to","start":10218.876,"end":10219.021},{"text":"contribute","start":10219.021,"end":10219.681},{"text":"actively","start":10219.729,"end":10220.148},{"text":"to","start":10220.148,"end":10220.277},{"text":"this","start":10220.293,"end":10220.47},{"text":"reflection.","start":10220.47,"end":10220.921}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10221.339,"end":10221.645,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10221.339,"end":10221.387},{"text":"thank","start":10221.5,"end":10221.613},{"text":"you.","start":10221.613,"end":10221.645}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MAR","affiliation_full":"Morocco","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":74,"start":10223.816,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10224","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Morocco and give the floor to Qatar.","start":10223.816,"end":10226.546,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10223.816,"end":10223.864},{"text":"thank","start":10224.09,"end":10224.414},{"text":"Morocco","start":10224.462,"end":10224.947},{"text":"and","start":10224.947,"end":10225.124},{"text":"give","start":10225.124,"end":10225.238},{"text":"the","start":10225.302,"end":10225.431},{"text":"floor","start":10225.431,"end":10225.641},{"text":"to","start":10225.754,"end":10225.9},{"text":"Qatar.","start":10225.932,"end":10226.546}]},{"text":"It appears that Qatar is not here.","start":10232.277,"end":10235.276,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10232.277,"end":10232.504},{"text":"appears","start":10232.682,"end":10233.039},{"text":"that","start":10233.072,"end":10233.396},{"text":"Qatar","start":10233.396,"end":10233.882},{"text":"is","start":10233.882,"end":10234.012},{"text":"not","start":10234.223,"end":10234.693},{"text":"here.","start":10234.871,"end":10235.276}]},{"text":"India has the floor.","start":10235.747,"end":10236.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"India","start":10235.747,"end":10236.136},{"text":"has","start":10236.136,"end":10236.282},{"text":"the","start":10236.298,"end":10236.379},{"text":"floor.","start":10236.379,"end":10236.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":75,"start":10241.813,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10242","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, we thank DRC for convening this timely discussion on the governance of natural resources and their contribution to peace and sustainable development.","start":10241.813,"end":10251.55,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10241.813,"end":10242.054},{"text":"President,","start":10242.054,"end":10242.552},{"text":"we","start":10243.099,"end":10243.259},{"text":"thank","start":10243.259,"end":10243.645},{"text":"DRC","start":10243.822,"end":10244.368},{"text":"for","start":10244.368,"end":10244.545},{"text":"convening","start":10244.545,"end":10244.93},{"text":"this","start":10245.011,"end":10245.123},{"text":"timely","start":10245.171,"end":10245.509},{"text":"discussion","start":10245.509,"end":10246.039},{"text":"on","start":10246.553,"end":10246.601},{"text":"the","start":10246.698,"end":10246.762},{"text":"governance","start":10246.794,"end":10247.276},{"text":"of","start":10247.276,"end":10247.373},{"text":"natural","start":10247.373,"end":10247.774},{"text":"resources","start":10247.774,"end":10248.289},{"text":"and","start":10248.626,"end":10248.706},{"text":"their","start":10248.722,"end":10248.883},{"text":"contribution","start":10248.883,"end":10249.494},{"text":"to","start":10249.59,"end":10249.751},{"text":"peace","start":10249.751,"end":10250.04},{"text":"and","start":10250.409,"end":10250.474},{"text":"sustainable","start":10250.554,"end":10251.052},{"text":"development.","start":10251.052,"end":10251.55}]},{"text":"There are indeed opportunities and challenges arising from the growing global demand for critical minerals and other natural resources.","start":10252.177,"end":10259.616,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":10252.177,"end":10252.402},{"text":"are","start":10252.402,"end":10252.595},{"text":"indeed","start":10252.643,"end":10252.948},{"text":"opportunities","start":10253.061,"end":10253.751},{"text":"and","start":10254.009,"end":10254.089},{"text":"challenges","start":10254.105,"end":10254.555},{"text":"arising","start":10254.812,"end":10255.198},{"text":"from","start":10255.374,"end":10255.551},{"text":"the","start":10255.551,"end":10255.696},{"text":"growing","start":10255.696,"end":10255.921},{"text":"global","start":10256.017,"end":10256.37},{"text":"demand","start":10256.419,"end":10256.708},{"text":"for","start":10257.077,"end":10257.238},{"text":"critical","start":10257.238,"end":10257.624},{"text":"minerals","start":10257.656,"end":10258.09},{"text":"and","start":10258.266,"end":10258.347},{"text":"other","start":10258.524,"end":10258.7},{"text":"natural","start":10258.7,"end":10259.15},{"text":"resources.","start":10259.15,"end":10259.616}]},{"text":"Natural resources are first and foremost assets for national development.","start":10260.275,"end":10264.758,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":10260.275,"end":10260.693},{"text":"resources","start":10260.693,"end":10261.143},{"text":"are","start":10261.4,"end":10261.496},{"text":"first","start":10261.496,"end":10261.946},{"text":"and","start":10262.139,"end":10262.203},{"text":"foremost","start":10262.283,"end":10262.958},{"text":"assets","start":10263.247,"end":10263.697},{"text":"for","start":10263.729,"end":10263.858},{"text":"national","start":10263.858,"end":10264.227},{"text":"development.","start":10264.227,"end":10264.758}]},{"text":"Their sustainable management in accordance with national priorities and the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources can generate employment, industrialization, economic diversification, and shared prosperity.","start":10265.272,"end":10279.371,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":10265.272,"end":10265.449},{"text":"sustainable","start":10265.513,"end":10266.091},{"text":"management","start":10266.091,"end":10266.605},{"text":"in","start":10266.879,"end":10266.959},{"text":"accordance","start":10266.959,"end":10267.618},{"text":"with","start":10267.746,"end":10267.875},{"text":"national","start":10267.907,"end":10268.244},{"text":"priorities","start":10268.244,"end":10268.774},{"text":"and","start":10269.352,"end":10269.448},{"text":"the","start":10269.448,"end":10269.528},{"text":"principle","start":10269.528,"end":10270.171},{"text":"of","start":10270.331,"end":10270.46},{"text":"permanent","start":10270.492,"end":10270.829},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10270.829,"end":10271.375},{"text":"over","start":10271.76,"end":10271.905},{"text":"natural","start":10272.001,"end":10272.354},{"text":"resources","start":10272.403,"end":10272.868},{"text":"can","start":10273.286,"end":10273.414},{"text":"generate","start":10273.462,"end":10274.04},{"text":"employment,","start":10274.185,"end":10274.795},{"text":"industrialization,","start":10275.229,"end":10276.063},{"text":"economic","start":10276.513,"end":10276.914},{"text":"diversification,","start":10276.914,"end":10277.926},{"text":"and","start":10278.343,"end":10278.424},{"text":"shared","start":10278.44,"end":10278.825},{"text":"prosperity.","start":10278.825,"end":10279.371}]},{"text":"At the same time, illicit exploitation and trafficking can in specific situations contribute to instability and finance armed groups.","start":10279.805,"end":10289.101,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":10279.805,"end":10279.869},{"text":"the","start":10279.869,"end":10279.949},{"text":"same","start":10279.949,"end":10280.11},{"text":"time,","start":10280.206,"end":10280.527},{"text":"illicit","start":10280.929,"end":10281.314},{"text":"exploitation","start":10281.314,"end":10282.02},{"text":"and","start":10282.293,"end":10282.358},{"text":"trafficking","start":10282.438,"end":10282.904},{"text":"can","start":10283.321,"end":10283.514},{"text":"in","start":10283.514,"end":10283.594},{"text":"specific","start":10283.594,"end":10284.124},{"text":"situations","start":10284.124,"end":10284.59},{"text":"contribute","start":10284.846,"end":10285.489},{"text":"to","start":10285.826,"end":10285.89},{"text":"instability","start":10285.986,"end":10286.629},{"text":"and","start":10286.87,"end":10286.934},{"text":"finance","start":10287.03,"end":10288.539},{"text":"armed","start":10288.62,"end":10288.78},{"text":"groups.","start":10288.78,"end":10289.101}]},{"text":"Addressing these challenges requires stronger national institutions, improve governance, and enhance international cooperation.","start":10289.583,"end":10296.227,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":10289.583,"end":10289.888},{"text":"these","start":10289.985,"end":10290.129},{"text":"challenges","start":10290.161,"end":10290.53},{"text":"requires","start":10290.787,"end":10291.173},{"text":"stronger","start":10291.462,"end":10291.927},{"text":"national","start":10291.943,"end":10292.281},{"text":"institutions,","start":10292.313,"end":10292.859},{"text":"improve","start":10293.292,"end":10293.661},{"text":"governance,","start":10293.693,"end":10294.174},{"text":"and","start":10294.575,"end":10294.639},{"text":"enhance","start":10294.815,"end":10295.297},{"text":"international","start":10295.377,"end":10295.778},{"text":"cooperation.","start":10295.778,"end":10296.227}]},{"text":"India believes that existing multilateral mechanisms should be fully utilized before considering the creation of new normative frameworks.","start":10296.884,"end":10305.528,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"India","start":10296.884,"end":10297.141},{"text":"believes","start":10297.141,"end":10297.429},{"text":"that","start":10297.927,"end":10298.119},{"text":"existing","start":10298.183,"end":10298.632},{"text":"multilateral","start":10298.969,"end":10299.562},{"text":"mechanisms","start":10299.562,"end":10300.156},{"text":"should","start":10300.332,"end":10300.476},{"text":"be","start":10300.508,"end":10300.637},{"text":"fully","start":10300.653,"end":10300.909},{"text":"utilized","start":10300.974,"end":10301.519},{"text":"before","start":10301.872,"end":10302.192},{"text":"considering","start":10302.192,"end":10302.641},{"text":"the","start":10303.074,"end":10303.155},{"text":"creation","start":10303.219,"end":10303.7},{"text":"of","start":10303.7,"end":10303.844},{"text":"new","start":10304.277,"end":10304.453},{"text":"normative","start":10304.453,"end":10304.999},{"text":"frameworks.","start":10304.999,"end":10305.528}]},{"text":"In this regard, the Kimberley Process remains an important example of a voluntary, consensus-based, and inclusive multi-stakeholder initiative that has contributed significantly to curbing the trade in conflict diamonds while facilitating legitimate trade.","start":10306.282,"end":10324.177,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10306.282,"end":10306.33},{"text":"this","start":10306.442,"end":10306.667},{"text":"regard,","start":10306.667,"end":10307.003},{"text":"the","start":10307.164,"end":10307.244},{"text":"Kimberley","start":10307.308,"end":10307.693},{"text":"Process","start":10307.725,"end":10308.222},{"text":"remains","start":10308.366,"end":10308.815},{"text":"an","start":10309.248,"end":10309.297},{"text":"important","start":10309.473,"end":10309.89},{"text":"example","start":10309.89,"end":10310.419},{"text":"of","start":10310.676,"end":10310.788},{"text":"a","start":10310.788,"end":10310.804},{"text":"voluntary,","start":10310.916,"end":10311.413},{"text":"consensus-based,","start":10311.878,"end":10312.777},{"text":"and","start":10312.937,"end":10313.065},{"text":"inclusive","start":10313.177,"end":10313.707},{"text":"multi-stakeholder","start":10314.124,"end":10315.166},{"text":"initiative","start":10315.182,"end":10315.791},{"text":"that","start":10316.128,"end":10316.369},{"text":"has","start":10316.369,"end":10316.513},{"text":"contributed","start":10316.625,"end":10317.315},{"text":"significantly","start":10317.604,"end":10318.357},{"text":"to","start":10318.646,"end":10318.758},{"text":"curbing","start":10318.79,"end":10319.159},{"text":"the","start":10319.512,"end":10319.592},{"text":"trade","start":10319.592,"end":10320.009},{"text":"in","start":10320.233,"end":10320.281},{"text":"conflict","start":10320.394,"end":10320.875},{"text":"diamonds","start":10320.875,"end":10321.291},{"text":"while","start":10321.756,"end":10322.205},{"text":"facilitating","start":10322.397,"end":10323.167},{"text":"legitimate","start":10323.423,"end":10323.84},{"text":"trade.","start":10323.84,"end":10324.177}]},{"text":"As chair of the Kimberley Process in 2026, India remains committed to further strengthening its effectiveness, inclusiveness, and responsiveness to emerging challenges through consensus among all participants.","start":10324.786,"end":10336.473,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":10324.786,"end":10324.85},{"text":"chair","start":10324.946,"end":10325.219},{"text":"of","start":10325.219,"end":10325.347},{"text":"the","start":10325.347,"end":10325.443},{"text":"Kimberley","start":10325.443,"end":10325.844},{"text":"Process","start":10325.844,"end":10326.245},{"text":"in","start":10326.245,"end":10326.325},{"text":"2026,","start":10326.325,"end":10327.046},{"text":"India","start":10327.511,"end":10327.768},{"text":"remains","start":10327.768,"end":10328.137},{"text":"committed","start":10328.153,"end":10328.569},{"text":"to","start":10328.794,"end":10328.858},{"text":"further","start":10328.89,"end":10329.211},{"text":"strengthening","start":10329.227,"end":10329.724},{"text":"its","start":10329.772,"end":10329.916},{"text":"effectiveness,","start":10329.948,"end":10330.525},{"text":"inclusiveness,","start":10330.974,"end":10331.647},{"text":"and","start":10331.92,"end":10332},{"text":"responsiveness","start":10332.016,"end":10332.994},{"text":"to","start":10333.379,"end":10333.523},{"text":"emerging","start":10333.539,"end":10333.908},{"text":"challenges","start":10333.94,"end":10334.389},{"text":"through","start":10334.565,"end":10334.741},{"text":"consensus","start":10334.741,"end":10335.366},{"text":"among","start":10335.447,"end":10335.591},{"text":"all","start":10335.767,"end":10335.815},{"text":"participants.","start":10335.944,"end":10336.473}]},{"text":"At the same time, the proliferation of standards governing natural resource supply chains should not result in unnecessary compliance burdens or become disguised barriers to trade, particularly for developing countries.","start":10337.13,"end":10349.946,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":10337.13,"end":10337.21},{"text":"the","start":10337.21,"end":10337.242},{"text":"same","start":10337.242,"end":10337.499},{"text":"time,","start":10337.547,"end":10337.867},{"text":"the","start":10338.268,"end":10338.348},{"text":"proliferation","start":10338.428,"end":10339.118},{"text":"of","start":10339.294,"end":10339.342},{"text":"standards","start":10339.374,"end":10339.919},{"text":"governing","start":10339.951,"end":10340.32},{"text":"natural","start":10340.352,"end":10340.737},{"text":"resource","start":10340.753,"end":10341.074},{"text":"supply","start":10341.074,"end":10341.394},{"text":"chains","start":10341.394,"end":10341.763},{"text":"should","start":10342.26,"end":10342.436},{"text":"not","start":10342.436,"end":10342.677},{"text":"result","start":10342.677,"end":10343.125},{"text":"in","start":10343.382,"end":10343.43},{"text":"unnecessary","start":10343.622,"end":10344.2},{"text":"compliance","start":10344.2,"end":10344.68},{"text":"burdens","start":10344.68,"end":10345.049},{"text":"or","start":10345.482,"end":10345.563},{"text":"become","start":10345.563,"end":10345.996},{"text":"disguised","start":10346.205,"end":10346.606},{"text":"barriers","start":10346.606,"end":10346.976},{"text":"to","start":10347.393,"end":10347.489},{"text":"trade,","start":10347.554,"end":10347.778},{"text":"particularly","start":10348.276,"end":10348.822},{"text":"for","start":10348.999,"end":10349.111},{"text":"developing","start":10349.111,"end":10349.545},{"text":"countries.","start":10349.577,"end":10349.946}]},{"text":"International standards should support market access, value addition in producing countries, technology transfer, and capacity building while respecting national ownership and differing levels of development.","start":10350.54,"end":10363.642,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":10350.54,"end":10351.022},{"text":"standards","start":10351.022,"end":10351.471},{"text":"should","start":10351.584,"end":10351.809},{"text":"support","start":10351.809,"end":10352.322},{"text":"market","start":10352.692,"end":10353.013},{"text":"access,","start":10353.093,"end":10353.51},{"text":"value","start":10353.816,"end":10354.137},{"text":"addition","start":10354.153,"end":10354.442},{"text":"in","start":10354.779,"end":10354.827},{"text":"producing","start":10354.875,"end":10355.245},{"text":"countries,","start":10355.341,"end":10355.726},{"text":"technology","start":10356.16,"end":10356.657},{"text":"transfer,","start":10356.657,"end":10357.219},{"text":"and","start":10357.428,"end":10357.525},{"text":"capacity","start":10357.525,"end":10358.006},{"text":"building","start":10358.086,"end":10358.327},{"text":"while","start":10358.889,"end":10359.082},{"text":"respecting","start":10359.13,"end":10359.58},{"text":"national","start":10359.933,"end":10360.27},{"text":"ownership","start":10360.318,"end":10360.752},{"text":"and","start":10361.282,"end":10361.506},{"text":"differing","start":10361.779,"end":10362.149},{"text":"levels","start":10362.245,"end":10362.55},{"text":"of","start":10362.823,"end":10362.951},{"text":"development.","start":10363.144,"end":10363.642}]},{"text":"Harmonization, where appropriate, should facilitate development rather than constrain it.","start":10364.091,"end":10369.358,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Harmonization,","start":10364.091,"end":10364.878},{"text":"where","start":10365.376,"end":10365.617},{"text":"appropriate,","start":10365.617,"end":10366.259},{"text":"should","start":10366.355,"end":10366.564},{"text":"facilitate","start":10366.58,"end":10367.206},{"text":"development","start":10367.56,"end":10368.346},{"text":"rather","start":10368.362,"end":10368.603},{"text":"than","start":10368.603,"end":10368.78},{"text":"constrain","start":10368.844,"end":10369.31},{"text":"it.","start":10369.31,"end":10369.358}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, As discussions evolve, it is important to preserve the distinct mandates of the principal organs of the United Nations.","start":10370.353,"end":10377.643,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10370.353,"end":10370.61},{"text":"Chair,","start":10370.674,"end":10370.931},{"text":"As","start":10371.397,"end":10371.461},{"text":"discussions","start":10371.493,"end":10371.991},{"text":"evolve,","start":10371.991,"end":10372.344},{"text":"it","start":10372.778,"end":10372.858},{"text":"is","start":10372.858,"end":10372.938},{"text":"important","start":10372.938,"end":10373.436},{"text":"to","start":10373.645,"end":10373.741},{"text":"preserve","start":10373.741,"end":10374.111},{"text":"the","start":10374.384,"end":10374.464},{"text":"distinct","start":10374.464,"end":10374.785},{"text":"mandates","start":10374.785,"end":10375.283},{"text":"of","start":10375.668,"end":10375.764},{"text":"the","start":10375.764,"end":10375.893},{"text":"principal","start":10375.893,"end":10376.358},{"text":"organs","start":10376.455,"end":10376.728},{"text":"of","start":10376.728,"end":10376.808},{"text":"the","start":10376.856,"end":10376.888},{"text":"United","start":10376.888,"end":10377.274},{"text":"Nations.","start":10377.274,"end":10377.643}]},{"text":"The Security Council has a clearly defined responsibility under the Charter for maintenance of international peace and security.","start":10378.141,"end":10385.752,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10378.141,"end":10378.173},{"text":"Security","start":10378.173,"end":10378.655},{"text":"Council","start":10378.719,"end":10379.168},{"text":"has","start":10379.265,"end":10379.377},{"text":"a","start":10379.377,"end":10379.522},{"text":"clearly","start":10379.522,"end":10379.907},{"text":"defined","start":10379.907,"end":10380.244},{"text":"responsibility","start":10380.244,"end":10380.967},{"text":"under","start":10381.448,"end":10381.673},{"text":"the","start":10381.673,"end":10381.77},{"text":"Charter","start":10381.77,"end":10382.235},{"text":"for","start":10382.396,"end":10382.46},{"text":"maintenance","start":10382.46,"end":10383.006},{"text":"of","start":10383.455,"end":10383.584},{"text":"international","start":10383.696,"end":10384.371},{"text":"peace","start":10384.563,"end":10384.917},{"text":"and","start":10385.061,"end":10385.125},{"text":"security.","start":10385.206,"end":10385.752}]},{"text":"Questions relating to sustainable development, economic governance, equitable benefit sharing, and international norm setting belong primarily within the purview of the General Assembly.","start":10386.249,"end":10396.301,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Questions","start":10386.249,"end":10386.715},{"text":"relating","start":10386.892,"end":10387.293},{"text":"to","start":10387.293,"end":10387.373},{"text":"sustainable","start":10387.373,"end":10387.855},{"text":"development,","start":10387.871,"end":10388.433},{"text":"economic","start":10388.834,"end":10389.236},{"text":"governance,","start":10389.236,"end":10389.669},{"text":"equitable","start":10389.974,"end":10390.456},{"text":"benefit","start":10390.52,"end":10390.842},{"text":"sharing,","start":10390.842,"end":10391.147},{"text":"and","start":10391.709,"end":10391.789},{"text":"international","start":10391.885,"end":10392.431},{"text":"norm","start":10392.431,"end":10392.608},{"text":"setting","start":10392.608,"end":10392.881},{"text":"belong","start":10393.17,"end":10393.378},{"text":"primarily","start":10393.475,"end":10393.94},{"text":"within","start":10394.438,"end":10394.695},{"text":"the","start":10394.695,"end":10394.856},{"text":"purview","start":10394.856,"end":10395.193},{"text":"of","start":10395.418,"end":10395.514},{"text":"the","start":10395.514,"end":10395.578},{"text":"General","start":10395.642,"end":10395.899},{"text":"Assembly.","start":10395.899,"end":10396.301}]},{"text":"The ECOSOC, the Peacebuilding Commission, and other relevant IGN processes.","start":10397.567,"end":10401.846,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10397.567,"end":10397.695},{"text":"ECOSOC,","start":10397.727,"end":10398.304},{"text":"the","start":10398.448,"end":10398.545},{"text":"Peacebuilding","start":10398.545,"end":10399.025},{"text":"Commission,","start":10399.025,"end":10399.474},{"text":"and","start":10399.65,"end":10399.762},{"text":"other","start":10399.907,"end":10400.083},{"text":"relevant","start":10400.083,"end":10400.516},{"text":"IGN","start":10401.012,"end":10401.349},{"text":"processes.","start":10401.349,"end":10401.846}]},{"text":"We should therefore avoid the unintended securitization of the broader development agenda or the expansion of mandates beyond those envisaged in the Charter.","start":10403.096,"end":10412.245,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10403.096,"end":10403.192},{"text":"should","start":10403.192,"end":10403.368},{"text":"therefore","start":10403.416,"end":10403.929},{"text":"avoid","start":10404.137,"end":10404.522},{"text":"the","start":10404.714,"end":10404.858},{"text":"unintended","start":10404.938,"end":10405.483},{"text":"securitization","start":10405.691,"end":10406.685},{"text":"of","start":10407.102,"end":10407.166},{"text":"the","start":10407.198,"end":10407.278},{"text":"broader","start":10407.342,"end":10407.679},{"text":"development","start":10407.679,"end":10408.143},{"text":"agenda","start":10408.143,"end":10408.576},{"text":"or","start":10408.72,"end":10408.8},{"text":"the","start":10408.8,"end":10408.928},{"text":"expansion","start":10408.944,"end":10409.441},{"text":"of","start":10409.441,"end":10409.537},{"text":"mandates","start":10409.537,"end":10410.162},{"text":"beyond","start":10410.403,"end":10410.723},{"text":"those","start":10410.723,"end":10410.931},{"text":"envisaged","start":10411.124,"end":10411.653},{"text":"in","start":10411.749,"end":10411.845},{"text":"the","start":10411.845,"end":10411.925},{"text":"Charter.","start":10411.925,"end":10412.245}]},{"text":"Our efforts should instead focus on strengthening cooperation across the UN system, supporting national capacities, combating illicit trafficking where it contributes to conflict, and promoting resilient, transparent, and inclusive resource governance that advances sustainable development.","start":10412.79,"end":10429.164,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10412.79,"end":10412.951},{"text":"efforts","start":10412.951,"end":10413.463},{"text":"should","start":10413.688,"end":10413.848},{"text":"instead","start":10413.848,"end":10414.184},{"text":"focus","start":10414.473,"end":10414.809},{"text":"on","start":10414.809,"end":10414.857},{"text":"strengthening","start":10414.954,"end":10415.418},{"text":"cooperation","start":10415.45,"end":10416.059},{"text":"across","start":10416.252,"end":10416.556},{"text":"the","start":10416.572,"end":10416.716},{"text":"UN","start":10416.716,"end":10416.909},{"text":"system,","start":10416.957,"end":10417.293},{"text":"supporting","start":10417.774,"end":10418.223},{"text":"national","start":10418.255,"end":10418.575},{"text":"capacities,","start":10418.575,"end":10419.184},{"text":"combating","start":10419.697,"end":10420.162},{"text":"illicit","start":10420.274,"end":10420.578},{"text":"trafficking","start":10420.578,"end":10421.027},{"text":"where","start":10421.363,"end":10421.476},{"text":"it","start":10421.476,"end":10421.588},{"text":"contributes","start":10421.62,"end":10422.116},{"text":"to","start":10422.165,"end":10422.261},{"text":"conflict,","start":10422.261,"end":10422.757},{"text":"and","start":10423.062,"end":10423.127},{"text":"promoting","start":10423.207,"end":10423.673},{"text":"resilient,","start":10423.946,"end":10424.491},{"text":"transparent,","start":10424.507,"end":10425.15},{"text":"and","start":10425.23,"end":10425.294},{"text":"inclusive","start":10425.471,"end":10426.001},{"text":"resource","start":10426.354,"end":10426.739},{"text":"governance","start":10426.755,"end":10427.301},{"text":"that","start":10427.317,"end":10427.526},{"text":"advances","start":10427.622,"end":10428.04},{"text":"sustainable","start":10428.04,"end":10428.618},{"text":"development.","start":10428.618,"end":10429.164}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, it was not India's intention to bring bilateral issues in this forum, but my delegation is compelled to respond since Pakistan has chosen to misuse today's discussion as well to peddle its false narrative.","start":10430.207,"end":10443.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10430.207,"end":10430.448},{"text":"Chair,","start":10430.448,"end":10430.769},{"text":"it","start":10431.09,"end":10431.235},{"text":"was","start":10431.235,"end":10431.347},{"text":"not","start":10431.347,"end":10431.7},{"text":"India's","start":10431.893,"end":10432.294},{"text":"intention","start":10432.294,"end":10432.664},{"text":"to","start":10432.953,"end":10433.097},{"text":"bring","start":10433.097,"end":10433.29},{"text":"bilateral","start":10433.338,"end":10433.852},{"text":"issues","start":10433.884,"end":10434.189},{"text":"in","start":10434.382,"end":10434.43},{"text":"this","start":10434.542,"end":10434.783},{"text":"forum,","start":10434.783,"end":10435.104},{"text":"but","start":10435.345,"end":10435.441},{"text":"my","start":10435.506,"end":10435.586},{"text":"delegation","start":10435.666,"end":10436.18},{"text":"is","start":10436.324,"end":10436.437},{"text":"compelled","start":10436.533,"end":10436.951},{"text":"to","start":10436.951,"end":10437.031},{"text":"respond","start":10437.031,"end":10437.48},{"text":"since","start":10437.609,"end":10437.978},{"text":"Pakistan","start":10437.978,"end":10438.604},{"text":"has","start":10438.62,"end":10438.765},{"text":"chosen","start":10438.861,"end":10439.166},{"text":"to","start":10439.68,"end":10439.808},{"text":"misuse","start":10439.808,"end":10440.419},{"text":"today's","start":10440.547,"end":10440.852},{"text":"discussion","start":10440.884,"end":10441.414},{"text":"as","start":10441.591,"end":10441.655},{"text":"well","start":10441.767,"end":10442.04},{"text":"to","start":10442.249,"end":10442.409},{"text":"peddle","start":10442.409,"end":10442.795},{"text":"its","start":10442.891,"end":10443.116},{"text":"false","start":10443.116,"end":10443.325},{"text":"narrative.","start":10443.373,"end":10443.79}]},{"text":"Our position on the Indus Water Treaty remains clear and consistent.","start":10444.497,"end":10448.735,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10444.497,"end":10444.721},{"text":"position","start":10444.721,"end":10445.171},{"text":"on","start":10445.524,"end":10445.604},{"text":"the","start":10445.604,"end":10445.765},{"text":"Indus","start":10445.845,"end":10446.166},{"text":"Water","start":10446.182,"end":10446.504},{"text":"Treaty","start":10446.504,"end":10446.841},{"text":"remains","start":10447.322,"end":10447.676},{"text":"clear","start":10447.708,"end":10448.045},{"text":"and","start":10448.27,"end":10448.334},{"text":"consistent.","start":10448.43,"end":10448.735}]},{"text":"Cooperation on the basis of mutual trust and goodwill cannot be expected when cross-border terrorism is regularly deployed as an instrument of state policy.","start":10449.554,"end":10459.605,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Cooperation","start":10449.554,"end":10450.164},{"text":"on","start":10450.341,"end":10450.389},{"text":"the","start":10450.437,"end":10450.517},{"text":"basis","start":10450.598,"end":10450.983},{"text":"of","start":10450.983,"end":10451.095},{"text":"mutual","start":10451.224,"end":10451.577},{"text":"trust","start":10451.641,"end":10452.011},{"text":"and","start":10452.187,"end":10452.284},{"text":"goodwill","start":10452.364,"end":10452.845},{"text":"cannot","start":10453.151,"end":10453.6},{"text":"be","start":10453.729,"end":10453.873},{"text":"expected","start":10453.969,"end":10454.499},{"text":"when","start":10454.692,"end":10454.788},{"text":"cross-border","start":10454.917,"end":10455.639},{"text":"terrorism","start":10455.639,"end":10456.024},{"text":"is","start":10456.538,"end":10456.699},{"text":"regularly","start":10456.699,"end":10457.148},{"text":"deployed","start":10457.18,"end":10457.614},{"text":"as","start":10457.807,"end":10457.871},{"text":"an","start":10457.967,"end":10458.112},{"text":"instrument","start":10458.144,"end":10458.674},{"text":"of","start":10458.786,"end":10458.85},{"text":"state","start":10458.85,"end":10459.187},{"text":"policy.","start":10459.187,"end":10459.605}]},{"text":"Instead of pointing fingers at India, Pakistan would serve itself and its people far better by putting its own house in order.","start":10460.231,"end":10468.259,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Instead","start":10460.231,"end":10460.536},{"text":"of","start":10460.536,"end":10460.6},{"text":"pointing","start":10460.632,"end":10461.002},{"text":"fingers","start":10461.034,"end":10461.451},{"text":"at","start":10461.451,"end":10461.58},{"text":"India,","start":10461.58,"end":10461.981},{"text":"Pakistan","start":10462.382,"end":10462.896},{"text":"would","start":10463.121,"end":10463.249},{"text":"serve","start":10463.281,"end":10463.603},{"text":"itself","start":10463.667,"end":10464.068},{"text":"and","start":10464.165,"end":10464.229},{"text":"its","start":10464.309,"end":10464.486},{"text":"people","start":10464.486,"end":10464.855},{"text":"far","start":10465.112,"end":10465.417},{"text":"better","start":10465.449,"end":10465.786},{"text":"by","start":10466.171,"end":10466.332},{"text":"putting","start":10466.332,"end":10466.621},{"text":"its","start":10466.894,"end":10467.119},{"text":"own","start":10467.199,"end":10467.327},{"text":"house","start":10467.376,"end":10467.777},{"text":"in","start":10467.857,"end":10467.986},{"text":"order.","start":10468.082,"end":10468.259}]},{"text":"In closing, India stands ready to work constructively with all partners towards practical, balanced, and consensus-based approaches That reinforce peace while enabling resource-rich developing countries to realize the full development potential of their natural resources.","start":10468.981,"end":10486.074,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10468.981,"end":10469.126},{"text":"closing,","start":10469.126,"end":10470.314},{"text":"India","start":10470.747,"end":10470.988},{"text":"stands","start":10470.988,"end":10471.438},{"text":"ready","start":10471.775,"end":10472},{"text":"to","start":10472.048,"end":10472.24},{"text":"work","start":10472.256,"end":10472.497},{"text":"constructively","start":10472.497,"end":10473.123},{"text":"with","start":10473.38,"end":10473.541},{"text":"all","start":10473.701,"end":10473.75},{"text":"partners","start":10473.878,"end":10474.328},{"text":"towards","start":10474.504,"end":10474.793},{"text":"practical,","start":10474.841,"end":10475.484},{"text":"balanced,","start":10475.564,"end":10476.11},{"text":"and","start":10476.206,"end":10476.27},{"text":"consensus-based","start":10476.383,"end":10477.25},{"text":"approaches","start":10477.25,"end":10477.699},{"text":"That","start":10478.118,"end":10478.279},{"text":"reinforce","start":10478.359,"end":10479.036},{"text":"peace","start":10479.181,"end":10479.438},{"text":"while","start":10479.744,"end":10479.97},{"text":"enabling","start":10480.05,"end":10480.437},{"text":"resource-rich","start":10480.63,"end":10481.242},{"text":"developing","start":10481.258,"end":10481.645},{"text":"countries","start":10481.742,"end":10482.128},{"text":"to","start":10482.547,"end":10482.627},{"text":"realize","start":10482.627,"end":10483.014},{"text":"the","start":10483.352,"end":10483.433},{"text":"full","start":10483.433,"end":10483.707},{"text":"development","start":10483.755,"end":10484.415},{"text":"potential","start":10484.415,"end":10484.915},{"text":"of","start":10485.043,"end":10485.108},{"text":"their","start":10485.14,"end":10485.237},{"text":"natural","start":10485.237,"end":10485.688},{"text":"resources.","start":10485.688,"end":10486.074}]},{"text":"I thank you, Madam Chair.","start":10486.573,"end":10487.415,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10486.573,"end":10486.622},{"text":"thank","start":10486.67,"end":10486.88},{"text":"you,","start":10486.88,"end":10486.977},{"text":"Madam","start":10486.993,"end":10487.237},{"text":"Chair.","start":10487.237,"end":10487.415}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"IND","affiliation_full":"India","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":76,"start":10488.455,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10489","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie l'Inde.","start":10488.455,"end":10489.413,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":10488.455,"end":10488.617},{"text":"remercie","start":10488.617,"end":10489.023},{"text":"l'Inde.","start":10489.023,"end":10489.413}]},{"text":"Je donne la parole au Niger.","start":10489.494,"end":10491.053,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":10489.494,"end":10489.527},{"text":"donne","start":10489.657,"end":10489.835},{"text":"la","start":10489.835,"end":10489.868},{"text":"parole","start":10489.916,"end":10490.436},{"text":"au","start":10490.469,"end":10490.501},{"text":"Niger.","start":10490.501,"end":10491.053}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank India.","start":10491.54,"end":10492.271,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10491.54,"end":10491.557},{"text":"thank","start":10491.605,"end":10491.865},{"text":"India.","start":10491.865,"end":10492.271}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Niger, followed by Suriname.","start":10492.369,"end":10494.74,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10492.369,"end":10492.401},{"text":"give","start":10492.434,"end":10492.596},{"text":"the","start":10492.596,"end":10492.677},{"text":"floor","start":10492.677,"end":10493.002},{"text":"to","start":10493.002,"end":10493.099},{"text":"Niger,","start":10493.164,"end":10493.554},{"text":"followed","start":10493.57,"end":10493.96},{"text":"by","start":10493.96,"end":10494.22},{"text":"Suriname.","start":10494.22,"end":10494.74}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Le Niger n'est pas dans la salle.","start":10498.172,"end":10499.547,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Le","start":10498.172,"end":10498.318},{"text":"Niger","start":10498.318,"end":10498.544},{"text":"n'est","start":10498.56,"end":10498.819},{"text":"pas","start":10498.819,"end":10498.916},{"text":"dans","start":10498.916,"end":10499.094},{"text":"la","start":10499.094,"end":10499.143},{"text":"salle.","start":10499.143,"end":10499.547}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"It seems that Niger is not in the room.","start":10499.871,"end":10501.635,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10499.871,"end":10499.936},{"text":"seems","start":10499.936,"end":10500.243},{"text":"that","start":10500.276,"end":10500.518},{"text":"Niger","start":10500.518,"end":10500.842},{"text":"is","start":10500.923,"end":10500.971},{"text":"not","start":10501.004,"end":10501.246},{"text":"in","start":10501.246,"end":10501.327},{"text":"the","start":10501.327,"end":10501.408},{"text":"room.","start":10501.408,"end":10501.635}]},{"text":"Suriname, please.","start":10502.379,"end":10503.156,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Suriname,","start":10502.379,"end":10502.816},{"text":"please.","start":10502.946,"end":10503.156}]},{"text":"Suriname isn't in the room either.","start":10506.474,"end":10510.439,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Suriname","start":10506.474,"end":10507.17},{"text":"isn't","start":10507.639,"end":10509.015},{"text":"in","start":10509.161,"end":10509.484},{"text":"the","start":10509.501,"end":10509.63},{"text":"room","start":10509.63,"end":10509.857},{"text":"either.","start":10510.116,"end":10510.439}]},{"text":"Brazil, please.","start":10510.536,"end":10511.311,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil,","start":10510.536,"end":10510.892},{"text":"please.","start":10510.99,"end":10511.311}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Brazil.","start":10516.631,"end":10517.257,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil.","start":10516.631,"end":10517.257}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Brazil isn't in the room either.","start":10519.218,"end":10521.848,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":10519.218,"end":10519.732},{"text":"isn't","start":10520.426,"end":10520.814},{"text":"in","start":10520.814,"end":10520.911},{"text":"the","start":10520.911,"end":10520.975},{"text":"room","start":10520.992,"end":10521.25},{"text":"either.","start":10521.46,"end":10521.848}]},{"text":"Belgium.","start":10522.123,"end":10522.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Belgium.","start":10522.123,"end":10522.56}]},{"text":"Belgium.","start":10528.669,"end":10528.815,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Belgium.","start":10528.669,"end":10528.815}]},{"text":"Yes, that's Belgium.","start":10529.98,"end":10531.383,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yes,","start":10529.98,"end":10530.19},{"text":"that's","start":10530.641,"end":10530.948},{"text":"Belgium.","start":10530.948,"end":10531.383}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":77,"start":10534.044,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10535","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, I thank you for the opportunity to discuss today's important topic.","start":10534.044,"end":10538.687,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":10534.044,"end":10534.351},{"text":"President,","start":10534.351,"end":10534.915},{"text":"I","start":10535.625,"end":10535.754},{"text":"thank","start":10535.899,"end":10536.125},{"text":"you","start":10536.125,"end":10536.27},{"text":"for","start":10536.27,"end":10536.431},{"text":"the","start":10536.431,"end":10536.528},{"text":"opportunity","start":10536.528,"end":10537.06},{"text":"to","start":10537.076,"end":10537.173},{"text":"discuss","start":10537.173,"end":10537.64},{"text":"today's","start":10537.64,"end":10537.915},{"text":"important","start":10537.915,"end":10538.27},{"text":"topic.","start":10538.27,"end":10538.687}]},{"text":"Natural resources are among the world's most valuable assets, and at a time of growing demand for critical resources, ensuring their responsible governance has become an international imperative.","start":10539.732,"end":10550.796,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":10539.732,"end":10540.07},{"text":"resources","start":10540.07,"end":10540.712},{"text":"are","start":10540.857,"end":10540.905},{"text":"among","start":10540.954,"end":10541.162},{"text":"the","start":10541.211,"end":10541.307},{"text":"world's","start":10541.339,"end":10541.693},{"text":"most","start":10541.693,"end":10542.207},{"text":"valuable","start":10542.4,"end":10542.866},{"text":"assets,","start":10542.946,"end":10543.332},{"text":"and","start":10543.847,"end":10543.911},{"text":"at","start":10543.927,"end":10544.023},{"text":"a","start":10544.023,"end":10544.088},{"text":"time","start":10544.088,"end":10544.297},{"text":"of","start":10544.345,"end":10544.425},{"text":"growing","start":10544.489,"end":10544.779},{"text":"demand","start":10544.811,"end":10545.18},{"text":"for","start":10545.213,"end":10545.357},{"text":"critical","start":10545.357,"end":10545.679},{"text":"resources,","start":10545.695,"end":10546.306},{"text":"ensuring","start":10546.82,"end":10547.189},{"text":"their","start":10547.222,"end":10547.336},{"text":"responsible","start":10547.336,"end":10547.937},{"text":"governance","start":10547.953,"end":10548.506},{"text":"has","start":10548.506,"end":10548.652},{"text":"become","start":10548.7,"end":10549.123},{"text":"an","start":10549.172,"end":10549.22},{"text":"international","start":10549.253,"end":10549.805},{"text":"imperative.","start":10550.228,"end":10550.796}]},{"text":"In the 21st century, we have a collective responsibility ability to steward these resources wisely, sustainably, and equitably for the benefit of both, of both present and future generations.","start":10552.259,"end":10563.038,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10552.259,"end":10552.307},{"text":"the","start":10552.356,"end":10552.486},{"text":"21st","start":10552.486,"end":10552.99},{"text":"century,","start":10553.136,"end":10553.672},{"text":"we","start":10554.03,"end":10554.111},{"text":"have","start":10554.111,"end":10554.225},{"text":"a","start":10554.225,"end":10554.29},{"text":"collective","start":10554.29,"end":10554.696},{"text":"responsibility","start":10554.696,"end":10555.232},{"text":"ability","start":10555.09,"end":10555.33},{"text":"to","start":10555.764,"end":10555.908},{"text":"steward","start":10555.908,"end":10556.326},{"text":"these","start":10556.326,"end":10556.454},{"text":"resources","start":10556.486,"end":10557.048},{"text":"wisely,","start":10557.113,"end":10557.498},{"text":"sustainably,","start":10557.867,"end":10558.542},{"text":"and","start":10558.654,"end":10558.718},{"text":"equitably","start":10558.75,"end":10559.345},{"text":"for","start":10559.762,"end":10559.923},{"text":"the","start":10559.923,"end":10559.971},{"text":"benefit","start":10560.019,"end":10560.404},{"text":"of","start":10560.404,"end":10560.485},{"text":"both,","start":10560.485,"end":10560.709},{"text":"of","start":10560.902,"end":10561.03},{"text":"both","start":10561.063,"end":10561.271},{"text":"present","start":10561.303,"end":10561.849},{"text":"and","start":10561.865,"end":10561.93},{"text":"future","start":10561.946,"end":10562.347},{"text":"generations.","start":10562.347,"end":10563.038}]},{"text":"Effective governance can transform natural wealth into shared prosperity, resilience, and stability.","start":10564.033,"end":10569.348,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Effective","start":10564.033,"end":10564.451},{"text":"governance","start":10564.451,"end":10564.98},{"text":"can","start":10564.98,"end":10565.077},{"text":"transform","start":10565.141,"end":10565.719},{"text":"natural","start":10565.719,"end":10566.12},{"text":"wealth","start":10566.12,"end":10566.409},{"text":"into","start":10566.602,"end":10566.795},{"text":"shared","start":10566.843,"end":10567.132},{"text":"prosperity,","start":10567.148,"end":10567.855},{"text":"resilience,","start":10568.031,"end":10568.609},{"text":"and","start":10568.689,"end":10568.754},{"text":"stability.","start":10568.834,"end":10569.348}]},{"text":"The Security Council has already recognized the link between natural resources and peace and security through country-specific resolutions and sanctions regimes.","start":10570.6,"end":10579.817,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10570.6,"end":10570.632},{"text":"Security","start":10570.632,"end":10571.098},{"text":"Council","start":10571.098,"end":10571.499},{"text":"has","start":10571.499,"end":10571.628},{"text":"already","start":10571.804,"end":10572.029},{"text":"recognized","start":10572.061,"end":10572.688},{"text":"the","start":10572.688,"end":10572.768},{"text":"link","start":10572.784,"end":10573.185},{"text":"between","start":10573.185,"end":10573.426},{"text":"natural","start":10573.426,"end":10573.747},{"text":"resources","start":10573.812,"end":10574.357},{"text":"and","start":10574.855,"end":10574.935},{"text":"peace","start":10575.016,"end":10575.208},{"text":"and","start":10575.208,"end":10575.289},{"text":"security","start":10575.289,"end":10575.915},{"text":"through","start":10576.381,"end":10576.605},{"text":"country-specific","start":10576.621,"end":10577.681},{"text":"resolutions","start":10577.681,"end":10578.372},{"text":"and","start":10578.805,"end":10578.934},{"text":"sanctions","start":10578.95,"end":10579.415},{"text":"regimes.","start":10579.447,"end":10579.817}]},{"text":"In this context, I would like to make 5 points.","start":10580.984,"end":10583.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10580.984,"end":10581.034},{"text":"this","start":10581.084,"end":10581.299},{"text":"context,","start":10581.299,"end":10581.896},{"text":"I","start":10582.377,"end":10582.393},{"text":"would","start":10582.393,"end":10582.493},{"text":"like","start":10582.493,"end":10582.659},{"text":"to","start":10582.708,"end":10582.791},{"text":"make","start":10582.791,"end":10583.04},{"text":"5","start":10583.04,"end":10583.355},{"text":"points.","start":10583.388,"end":10583.67}]},{"text":"First, member states should join and strengthen existing regulatory instruments and standards that have already delivered tangible results.","start":10585.02,"end":10593.364,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":10585.02,"end":10585.117},{"text":"member","start":10585.133,"end":10585.391},{"text":"states","start":10585.391,"end":10585.796},{"text":"should","start":10586.022,"end":10586.249},{"text":"join","start":10586.249,"end":10586.54},{"text":"and","start":10586.669,"end":10586.734},{"text":"strengthen","start":10586.815,"end":10587.365},{"text":"existing","start":10587.963,"end":10588.416},{"text":"regulatory","start":10588.464,"end":10589.063},{"text":"instruments","start":10589.176,"end":10589.742},{"text":"and","start":10589.742,"end":10589.823},{"text":"standards","start":10589.823,"end":10590.356},{"text":"that","start":10590.777,"end":10590.874},{"text":"have","start":10590.874,"end":10591.084},{"text":"already","start":10591.181,"end":10591.488},{"text":"delivered","start":10591.828,"end":10592.297},{"text":"tangible","start":10592.475,"end":10592.96},{"text":"results.","start":10592.96,"end":10593.364}]},{"text":"Both the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative and the Kimberley Process are examples of such international frameworks.","start":10594.189,"end":10602.287,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Both","start":10594.189,"end":10594.4},{"text":"the","start":10594.432,"end":10594.61},{"text":"Extractive","start":10594.659,"end":10595.227},{"text":"Industries","start":10595.227,"end":10595.86},{"text":"Transparency","start":10596.201,"end":10596.947},{"text":"Initiative","start":10596.947,"end":10597.483},{"text":"and","start":10598.067,"end":10598.148},{"text":"the","start":10598.148,"end":10598.246},{"text":"Kimberley","start":10598.246,"end":10598.651},{"text":"Process","start":10598.651,"end":10599.252},{"text":"are","start":10599.382,"end":10599.463},{"text":"examples","start":10599.463,"end":10600.485},{"text":"of","start":10600.664,"end":10600.712},{"text":"such","start":10600.761,"end":10601.053},{"text":"international","start":10601.232,"end":10601.686},{"text":"frameworks.","start":10601.735,"end":10602.287}]},{"text":"More than 50 countries implement ITI standard.","start":10603.76,"end":10607.279,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":10603.76,"end":10603.891},{"text":"than","start":10603.891,"end":10604.039},{"text":"50","start":10604.039,"end":10604.368},{"text":"countries","start":10604.433,"end":10604.828},{"text":"implement","start":10605.419,"end":10607.54},{"text":"ITI","start":10606.246,"end":10606.634},{"text":"standard.","start":10606.666,"end":10607.279}]},{"text":"Its impact would be even greater if more UN member states adhered to it.","start":10608.44,"end":10612.038,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":10608.44,"end":10608.602},{"text":"impact","start":10608.602,"end":10609.005},{"text":"would","start":10609.005,"end":10609.15},{"text":"be","start":10609.166,"end":10609.328},{"text":"even","start":10609.328,"end":10609.457},{"text":"greater","start":10609.554,"end":10609.828},{"text":"if","start":10610.134,"end":10610.28},{"text":"more","start":10610.28,"end":10610.409},{"text":"UN","start":10610.522,"end":10610.699},{"text":"member","start":10610.699,"end":10610.957},{"text":"states","start":10610.957,"end":10611.425},{"text":"adhered","start":10611.425,"end":10611.748},{"text":"to","start":10611.748,"end":10611.893},{"text":"it.","start":10611.909,"end":10612.038}]},{"text":"Transparent and accountable governance lies at the heart of responsible stewardship.","start":10613.119,"end":10617.307,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Transparent","start":10613.119,"end":10613.797},{"text":"and","start":10613.926,"end":10613.99},{"text":"accountable","start":10613.99,"end":10614.458},{"text":"governance","start":10614.49,"end":10614.926},{"text":"lies","start":10615.281,"end":10615.507},{"text":"at","start":10615.684,"end":10615.765},{"text":"the","start":10615.765,"end":10615.83},{"text":"heart","start":10615.83,"end":10616.106},{"text":"of","start":10616.122,"end":10616.235},{"text":"responsible","start":10616.252,"end":10616.739},{"text":"stewardship.","start":10616.755,"end":10617.307}]},{"text":"Belgium also supports efforts to broaden the definition of what constitutes a conflict diamond under the Kimberley Process certification scheme.","start":10617.973,"end":10626.206,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Belgium","start":10617.973,"end":10618.265},{"text":"also","start":10618.444,"end":10618.623},{"text":"supports","start":10618.639,"end":10619.175},{"text":"efforts","start":10619.256,"end":10619.613},{"text":"to","start":10619.743,"end":10619.889},{"text":"broaden","start":10619.906,"end":10620.214},{"text":"the","start":10620.247,"end":10620.393},{"text":"definition","start":10620.393,"end":10620.864},{"text":"of","start":10621.465,"end":10621.53},{"text":"what","start":10621.53,"end":10621.708},{"text":"constitutes","start":10621.708,"end":10622.423},{"text":"a","start":10622.455,"end":10622.472},{"text":"conflict","start":10622.585,"end":10622.926},{"text":"diamond","start":10622.926,"end":10623.462},{"text":"under","start":10623.641,"end":10623.868},{"text":"the","start":10623.901,"end":10623.95},{"text":"Kimberley","start":10623.95,"end":10624.272},{"text":"Process","start":10624.304,"end":10624.82},{"text":"certification","start":10625.191,"end":10625.997},{"text":"scheme.","start":10625.997,"end":10626.206}]},{"text":"Second, we need a more coherent government governance framework that promotes whole-of-UN approach and strengthens cooperation between the UN, regional organizations, industry, civil society, and other stakeholders.","start":10627.834,"end":10640.865,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":10627.834,"end":10628.334},{"text":"we","start":10628.576,"end":10628.656},{"text":"need","start":10628.656,"end":10628.834},{"text":"a","start":10628.834,"end":10628.85},{"text":"more","start":10628.898,"end":10629.091},{"text":"coherent","start":10629.22,"end":10629.752},{"text":"government","start":10629.849,"end":10630.429},{"text":"governance","start":10630.494,"end":10630.864},{"text":"framework","start":10630.961,"end":10631.493},{"text":"that","start":10631.622,"end":10631.783},{"text":"promotes","start":10631.783,"end":10632.138},{"text":"whole-of-UN","start":10632.286,"end":10632.864},{"text":"approach","start":10632.864,"end":10633.234},{"text":"and","start":10633.748,"end":10633.812},{"text":"strengthens","start":10633.892,"end":10634.471},{"text":"cooperation","start":10634.551,"end":10635.338},{"text":"between","start":10635.338,"end":10635.595},{"text":"the","start":10635.595,"end":10635.756},{"text":"UN,","start":10635.756,"end":10636.126},{"text":"regional","start":10636.543,"end":10636.913},{"text":"organizations,","start":10636.961,"end":10637.845},{"text":"industry,","start":10638.311,"end":10638.776},{"text":"civil","start":10638.905,"end":10639.226},{"text":"society,","start":10639.226,"end":10639.74},{"text":"and","start":10639.933,"end":10639.997},{"text":"other","start":10640.078,"end":10640.222},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":10640.254,"end":10640.865}]},{"text":"Third, natural resource governance should be systematically integrated into conflict prevention and early warning mechanisms.","start":10642.166,"end":10649.058,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":10642.166,"end":10642.504},{"text":"natural","start":10642.809,"end":10643.146},{"text":"resource","start":10643.146,"end":10643.548},{"text":"governance","start":10643.548,"end":10644.142},{"text":"should","start":10644.191,"end":10644.432},{"text":"be","start":10644.432,"end":10644.512},{"text":"systematically","start":10644.512,"end":10645.219},{"text":"integrated","start":10645.299,"end":10645.845},{"text":"into","start":10646.279,"end":10646.456},{"text":"conflict","start":10646.52,"end":10646.922},{"text":"prevention","start":10646.922,"end":10647.372},{"text":"and","start":10647.645,"end":10647.709},{"text":"early","start":10647.87,"end":10648.095},{"text":"warning","start":10648.127,"end":10648.416},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":10648.448,"end":10649.058}]},{"text":"Good stewardship means anticipating risks before they escalate into crises, monitoring trends such as increasing competition over resources, and and the expansion of criminal activity in resource-rich areas could help identify emerging threats to stability.","start":10649.797,"end":10666.919,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":10649.797,"end":10649.974},{"text":"stewardship","start":10649.974,"end":10650.777},{"text":"means","start":10651.002,"end":10651.276},{"text":"anticipating","start":10651.34,"end":10651.95},{"text":"risks","start":10651.998,"end":10652.464},{"text":"before","start":10652.464,"end":10652.754},{"text":"they","start":10652.85,"end":10652.93},{"text":"escalate","start":10653.027,"end":10653.605},{"text":"into","start":10653.991,"end":10654.167},{"text":"crises,","start":10654.232,"end":10654.681},{"text":"monitoring","start":10655.517,"end":10655.967},{"text":"trends","start":10656.063,"end":10656.4},{"text":"such","start":10656.738,"end":10656.963},{"text":"as","start":10656.963,"end":10657.091},{"text":"increasing","start":10657.107,"end":10657.493},{"text":"competition","start":10657.525,"end":10658.216},{"text":"over","start":10658.248,"end":10658.377},{"text":"resources,","start":10658.473,"end":10658.859},{"text":"and","start":10658.955,"end":10659.1},{"text":"and","start":10659.372,"end":10659.437},{"text":"the","start":10659.453,"end":10659.533},{"text":"expansion","start":10659.533,"end":10660.175},{"text":"of","start":10660.175,"end":10660.304},{"text":"criminal","start":10660.32,"end":10660.609},{"text":"activity","start":10660.641,"end":10661.187},{"text":"in","start":10662.102,"end":10662.182},{"text":"resource-rich","start":10662.182,"end":10662.825},{"text":"areas","start":10662.969,"end":10663.274},{"text":"could","start":10663.852,"end":10664.109},{"text":"help","start":10664.254,"end":10664.575},{"text":"identify","start":10664.575,"end":10665.233},{"text":"emerging","start":10665.297,"end":10665.602},{"text":"threats","start":10665.795,"end":10666.197},{"text":"to","start":10666.197,"end":10666.341},{"text":"stability.","start":10666.341,"end":10666.919}]},{"text":"Fourth, the Council should fully act upon the findings of panels and groups of experts established under sanctions regimes.","start":10668.027,"end":10674.996,"topics":[{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":10668.027,"end":10668.332},{"text":"the","start":10668.589,"end":10668.685},{"text":"Council","start":10668.685,"end":10669.103},{"text":"should","start":10669.103,"end":10669.328},{"text":"fully","start":10669.328,"end":10669.633},{"text":"act","start":10669.649,"end":10669.986},{"text":"upon","start":10669.986,"end":10670.227},{"text":"the","start":10670.227,"end":10670.323},{"text":"findings","start":10670.355,"end":10670.741},{"text":"of","start":10670.789,"end":10670.901},{"text":"panels","start":10670.933,"end":10671.383},{"text":"and","start":10671.736,"end":10671.8},{"text":"groups","start":10671.881,"end":10672.137},{"text":"of","start":10672.137,"end":10672.282},{"text":"experts","start":10672.282,"end":10672.764},{"text":"established","start":10673.181,"end":10673.759},{"text":"under","start":10673.823,"end":10674.048},{"text":"sanctions","start":10674.048,"end":10674.546},{"text":"regimes.","start":10674.546,"end":10674.996}]},{"text":"It should hold accountable those who profit from illicit natural resource exploitation and trafficking and thereby fuel conflict.","start":10675.509,"end":10683.506,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10675.509,"end":10675.59},{"text":"should","start":10675.59,"end":10675.798},{"text":"hold","start":10675.798,"end":10676.007},{"text":"accountable","start":10676.007,"end":10676.537},{"text":"those","start":10676.874,"end":10677.083},{"text":"who","start":10677.115,"end":10677.211},{"text":"profit","start":10677.276,"end":10677.854},{"text":"from","start":10678.062,"end":10678.207},{"text":"illicit","start":10678.319,"end":10678.64},{"text":"natural","start":10678.64,"end":10678.962},{"text":"resource","start":10678.962,"end":10679.363},{"text":"exploitation","start":10679.363,"end":10680.053},{"text":"and","start":10680.551,"end":10680.615},{"text":"trafficking","start":10680.647,"end":10681.258},{"text":"and","start":10681.755,"end":10681.82},{"text":"thereby","start":10681.916,"end":10682.285},{"text":"fuel","start":10682.558,"end":10682.879},{"text":"conflict.","start":10682.895,"end":10683.506}]},{"text":"Fifth, the extraction of mineral resources is accelerating not only on land but also at sea.","start":10684.63,"end":10690.683,"topics":[{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."}],"words":[{"text":"Fifth,","start":10684.63,"end":10684.79},{"text":"the","start":10685.464,"end":10685.545},{"text":"extraction","start":10685.545,"end":10686.075},{"text":"of","start":10686.348,"end":10686.428},{"text":"mineral","start":10686.428,"end":10686.765},{"text":"resources","start":10686.765,"end":10687.359},{"text":"is","start":10687.632,"end":10687.777},{"text":"accelerating","start":10687.777,"end":10688.403},{"text":"not","start":10688.515,"end":10688.74},{"text":"only","start":10688.74,"end":10688.885},{"text":"on","start":10688.917,"end":10689.045},{"text":"land","start":10689.061,"end":10689.366},{"text":"but","start":10689.784,"end":10689.944},{"text":"also","start":10689.944,"end":10690.281},{"text":"at","start":10690.281,"end":10690.362},{"text":"sea.","start":10690.362,"end":10690.683}]},{"text":"Peaceful governance must therefore extend to the world's oceans.","start":10691.165,"end":10694.585,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Peaceful","start":10691.165,"end":10691.55},{"text":"governance","start":10691.55,"end":10692.208},{"text":"must","start":10692.272,"end":10692.449},{"text":"therefore","start":10692.449,"end":10692.818},{"text":"extend","start":10692.931,"end":10693.461},{"text":"to","start":10693.573,"end":10693.653},{"text":"the","start":10693.653,"end":10693.782},{"text":"world's","start":10693.798,"end":10694.119},{"text":"oceans.","start":10694.119,"end":10694.585}]},{"text":"The oceans are among humanity's most important global assets.","start":10695.243,"end":10698.518,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10695.243,"end":10695.339},{"text":"oceans","start":10695.339,"end":10695.741},{"text":"are","start":10695.885,"end":10695.933},{"text":"among","start":10695.965,"end":10696.19},{"text":"humanity's","start":10696.367,"end":10696.929},{"text":"most","start":10696.929,"end":10697.266},{"text":"important","start":10697.266,"end":10697.748},{"text":"global","start":10697.748,"end":10698.053},{"text":"assets.","start":10698.133,"end":10698.518}]},{"text":"How we govern their resources will be a defining test of our ability to act as responsible stewards of the global commons.","start":10699.177,"end":10705.824,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"How","start":10699.177,"end":10699.305},{"text":"we","start":10699.353,"end":10699.498},{"text":"govern","start":10699.498,"end":10699.803},{"text":"their","start":10699.899,"end":10700.06},{"text":"resources","start":10700.06,"end":10700.606},{"text":"will","start":10700.863,"end":10700.975},{"text":"be","start":10701.023,"end":10701.12},{"text":"a","start":10701.12,"end":10701.184},{"text":"defining","start":10701.184,"end":10701.65},{"text":"test","start":10701.682,"end":10702.067},{"text":"of","start":10702.083,"end":10702.163},{"text":"our","start":10702.163,"end":10702.308},{"text":"ability","start":10702.308,"end":10702.725},{"text":"to","start":10702.725,"end":10702.87},{"text":"act","start":10702.95,"end":10703.303},{"text":"as","start":10703.608,"end":10703.737},{"text":"responsible","start":10703.753,"end":10704.299},{"text":"stewards","start":10704.331,"end":10704.781},{"text":"of","start":10704.957,"end":10705.005},{"text":"the","start":10705.037,"end":10705.134},{"text":"global","start":10705.134,"end":10705.439},{"text":"commons.","start":10705.439,"end":10705.824}]},{"text":"Strengthening international cooperation and upholding international law including UNCLOS, must therefore remain a priority.","start":10706.579,"end":10713.493,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Strengthening","start":10706.579,"end":10707.093},{"text":"international","start":10707.141,"end":10707.59},{"text":"cooperation","start":10707.687,"end":10708.313},{"text":"and","start":10708.586,"end":10708.65},{"text":"upholding","start":10708.73,"end":10709.18},{"text":"international","start":10709.228,"end":10709.838},{"text":"law","start":10709.854,"end":10709.951},{"text":"including","start":10710.416,"end":10710.833},{"text":"UNCLOS,","start":10710.993,"end":10711.442},{"text":"must","start":10711.89,"end":10712.099},{"text":"therefore","start":10712.099,"end":10712.499},{"text":"remain","start":10712.499,"end":10712.788},{"text":"a","start":10712.82,"end":10712.9},{"text":"priority.","start":10712.9,"end":10713.493}]},{"text":"Belgium is actively engaged in strengthening rule-based governance at sea.","start":10714.198,"end":10718.3,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Belgium","start":10714.198,"end":10714.47},{"text":"is","start":10714.502,"end":10714.598},{"text":"actively","start":10714.598,"end":10715.047},{"text":"engaged","start":10715.464,"end":10716.041},{"text":"in","start":10716.041,"end":10716.121},{"text":"strengthening","start":10716.121,"end":10716.65},{"text":"rule-based","start":10716.906,"end":10717.403},{"text":"governance","start":10717.403,"end":10717.948},{"text":"at","start":10717.964,"end":10718.06},{"text":"sea.","start":10718.108,"end":10718.3}]},{"text":"Belgium fully adheres to its commitment under UNCLOS.","start":10719.005,"end":10722.339,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Belgium","start":10719.005,"end":10719.39},{"text":"fully","start":10719.39,"end":10719.694},{"text":"adheres","start":10719.807,"end":10720.656},{"text":"to","start":10720.848,"end":10720.944},{"text":"its","start":10720.944,"end":10721.089},{"text":"commitment","start":10721.089,"end":10721.585},{"text":"under","start":10721.649,"end":10721.938},{"text":"UNCLOS.","start":10721.97,"end":10722.339}]},{"text":"We currently serve on the Council of the International Maritime Organization and are a candidate to host the Secretariat of the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdictions Treaty.","start":10722.915,"end":10732.883,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10722.915,"end":10723.012},{"text":"currently","start":10723.012,"end":10723.348},{"text":"serve","start":10723.348,"end":10723.733},{"text":"on","start":10723.733,"end":10723.781},{"text":"the","start":10723.813,"end":10723.893},{"text":"Council","start":10723.893,"end":10724.422},{"text":"of","start":10724.518,"end":10724.678},{"text":"the","start":10724.678,"end":10724.758},{"text":"International","start":10724.758,"end":10725.255},{"text":"Maritime","start":10725.255,"end":10725.672},{"text":"Organization","start":10725.736,"end":10726.345},{"text":"and","start":10727.402,"end":10727.483},{"text":"are","start":10727.499,"end":10727.595},{"text":"a","start":10727.643,"end":10727.659},{"text":"candidate","start":10727.659,"end":10728.204},{"text":"to","start":10728.54,"end":10728.62},{"text":"host","start":10728.62,"end":10728.877},{"text":"the","start":10728.877,"end":10729.005},{"text":"Secretariat","start":10729.005,"end":10729.742},{"text":"of","start":10729.758,"end":10729.838},{"text":"the","start":10729.886,"end":10729.983},{"text":"Biodiversity","start":10729.983,"end":10730.752},{"text":"Beyond","start":10730.784,"end":10731.024},{"text":"National","start":10731.024,"end":10731.345},{"text":"Jurisdictions","start":10731.345,"end":10732.034},{"text":"Treaty.","start":10732.547,"end":10732.883}]},{"text":"These efforts reflect our deep commitment to multilateralism, peace and security, international law, and the responsible stewardship of shared global resources.","start":10733.668,"end":10742.386,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":10733.668,"end":10733.796},{"text":"efforts","start":10733.973,"end":10734.341},{"text":"reflect","start":10734.389,"end":10734.774},{"text":"our","start":10734.774,"end":10734.95},{"text":"deep","start":10734.95,"end":10735.111},{"text":"commitment","start":10735.111,"end":10735.752},{"text":"to","start":10735.736,"end":10735.768},{"text":"multilateralism,","start":10735.768,"end":10736.764},{"text":"peace","start":10737.181,"end":10737.358},{"text":"and","start":10737.358,"end":10737.438},{"text":"security,","start":10737.438,"end":10737.968},{"text":"international","start":10738.161,"end":10738.787},{"text":"law,","start":10738.868,"end":10738.916},{"text":"and","start":10739.446,"end":10739.51},{"text":"the","start":10739.526,"end":10739.591},{"text":"responsible","start":10739.607,"end":10740.137},{"text":"stewardship","start":10740.169,"end":10740.972},{"text":"of","start":10741.036,"end":10741.181},{"text":"shared","start":10741.197,"end":10741.534},{"text":"global","start":10741.534,"end":10741.839},{"text":"resources.","start":10741.839,"end":10742.386}]},{"text":"Madame President, to conclude, natural resources should be a shared prosperity, not division— a source of shared prosperity, not division.","start":10743.301,"end":10752.344,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Madame","start":10743.301,"end":10743.51},{"text":"President,","start":10743.606,"end":10744.136},{"text":"to","start":10744.409,"end":10744.506},{"text":"conclude,","start":10744.506,"end":10745.084},{"text":"natural","start":10745.486,"end":10745.871},{"text":"resources","start":10745.871,"end":10746.482},{"text":"should","start":10746.739,"end":10747.044},{"text":"be","start":10747.076,"end":10747.317},{"text":"a","start":10747.397,"end":10747.413},{"text":"shared","start":10747.477,"end":10747.75},{"text":"prosperity,","start":10747.815,"end":10748.521},{"text":"not","start":10748.987,"end":10749.18},{"text":"division—","start":10749.228,"end":10749.614},{"text":"a","start":10750.385,"end":10750.401},{"text":"source","start":10750.449,"end":10750.915},{"text":"of","start":10750.931,"end":10750.995},{"text":"shared","start":10751.011,"end":10751.22},{"text":"prosperity,","start":10751.252,"end":10751.782},{"text":"not","start":10751.814,"end":10752.039},{"text":"division.","start":10752.039,"end":10752.344}]},{"text":"Their governments must be transparent, equitable, and accountable.","start":10752.858,"end":10756.456,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":10752.858,"end":10753.083},{"text":"governments","start":10753.083,"end":10753.613},{"text":"must","start":10753.999,"end":10754.304},{"text":"be","start":10754.304,"end":10754.384},{"text":"transparent,","start":10754.384,"end":10755.059},{"text":"equitable,","start":10755.268,"end":10755.685},{"text":"and","start":10755.83,"end":10755.894},{"text":"accountable.","start":10755.926,"end":10756.456}]},{"text":"Responsible stewardship is not only an environmental and economic imperative, It is a peace and security imperative.","start":10756.954,"end":10763.548,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsible","start":10756.954,"end":10757.484},{"text":"stewardship","start":10757.517,"end":10758.095},{"text":"is","start":10758.255,"end":10758.368},{"text":"not","start":10758.384,"end":10758.545},{"text":"only","start":10758.545,"end":10758.721},{"text":"an","start":10758.721,"end":10758.818},{"text":"environmental","start":10758.818,"end":10759.701},{"text":"and","start":10759.749,"end":10759.83},{"text":"economic","start":10759.83,"end":10760.344},{"text":"imperative,","start":10760.729,"end":10761.275},{"text":"It","start":10761.778,"end":10761.859},{"text":"is","start":10761.859,"end":10761.957},{"text":"a","start":10761.957,"end":10762.087},{"text":"peace","start":10762.103,"end":10762.33},{"text":"and","start":10762.33,"end":10762.411},{"text":"security","start":10762.411,"end":10762.963},{"text":"imperative.","start":10762.98,"end":10763.548}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10764.214,"end":10764.766,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10764.214,"end":10764.295},{"text":"thank","start":10764.295,"end":10764.604},{"text":"you.","start":10764.604,"end":10764.766}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BEL","affiliation_full":"Belgium","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":78,"start":10767.197,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10768","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie la Belgique.","start":10767.197,"end":10768.662,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":10767.197,"end":10767.277},{"text":"remercie","start":10767.277,"end":10767.824},{"text":"la","start":10767.841,"end":10767.937},{"text":"Belgique.","start":10768.018,"end":10768.662}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Belgium, and I give the floor now to Tanzania.","start":10768.903,"end":10772.268,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10768.903,"end":10768.984},{"text":"thank","start":10769.048,"end":10769.37},{"text":"Belgium,","start":10769.37,"end":10769.966},{"text":"and","start":10770.336,"end":10770.416},{"text":"I","start":10770.416,"end":10770.513},{"text":"give","start":10770.513,"end":10770.674},{"text":"the","start":10770.674,"end":10770.722},{"text":"floor","start":10770.754,"end":10771.012},{"text":"now","start":10771.012,"end":10771.189},{"text":"to","start":10771.318,"end":10771.527},{"text":"Tanzania.","start":10771.559,"end":10772.268}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"La Tanzanie ne semble pas être.","start":10775.492,"end":10777.086,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"La","start":10775.492,"end":10775.525},{"text":"Tanzanie","start":10775.573,"end":10776.077},{"text":"ne","start":10776.37,"end":10776.403},{"text":"semble","start":10776.452,"end":10776.874},{"text":"pas","start":10776.874,"end":10776.939},{"text":"être.","start":10776.939,"end":10777.086}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"It seems that Tanzania isn't in the room.","start":10777.525,"end":10779.574,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10777.525,"end":10777.606},{"text":"seems","start":10777.606,"end":10777.899},{"text":"that","start":10777.915,"end":10778.013},{"text":"Tanzania","start":10778.013,"end":10778.647},{"text":"isn't","start":10778.663,"end":10778.972},{"text":"in","start":10778.989,"end":10779.07},{"text":"the","start":10779.07,"end":10779.216},{"text":"room.","start":10779.216,"end":10779.574}]},{"text":"The State of Palestine?","start":10781.249,"end":10782.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10781.249,"end":10781.314},{"text":"State","start":10781.33,"end":10781.526},{"text":"of","start":10781.526,"end":10781.64},{"text":"Palestine?","start":10781.64,"end":10782.19}]},{"text":"The State of Palestine seems not to be in the room either.","start":10786.594,"end":10790.075,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10786.594,"end":10786.788},{"text":"State","start":10786.788,"end":10787.258},{"text":"of","start":10787.258,"end":10787.339},{"text":"Palestine","start":10787.339,"end":10788.213},{"text":"seems","start":10788.569,"end":10788.958},{"text":"not","start":10789.022,"end":10789.152},{"text":"to","start":10789.2,"end":10789.281},{"text":"be","start":10789.281,"end":10789.427},{"text":"in","start":10789.427,"end":10789.476},{"text":"the","start":10789.508,"end":10789.605},{"text":"room","start":10789.605,"end":10789.816},{"text":"either.","start":10790.01,"end":10790.075}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Cuba?","start":10792.9,"end":10793.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuba?","start":10792.9,"end":10793.54}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Cuba aren't in the room either.","start":10797.417,"end":10798.799,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuba","start":10797.417,"end":10797.738},{"text":"aren't","start":10797.738,"end":10798.06},{"text":"in","start":10798.076,"end":10798.156},{"text":"the","start":10798.156,"end":10798.237},{"text":"room","start":10798.237,"end":10798.446},{"text":"either.","start":10798.478,"end":10798.799}]},{"text":"Namibia?","start":10799.362,"end":10799.941,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Namibia?","start":10799.362,"end":10799.941}]},{"text":"Namibia don't seem to be in the room either.","start":10806.182,"end":10809.992,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Namibia","start":10806.182,"end":10806.844},{"text":"don't","start":10807.974,"end":10808.216},{"text":"seem","start":10808.216,"end":10808.523},{"text":"to","start":10808.523,"end":10808.652},{"text":"be","start":10808.668,"end":10808.781},{"text":"in","start":10808.781,"end":10808.862},{"text":"the","start":10808.91,"end":10808.991},{"text":"room","start":10809.071,"end":10809.281},{"text":"either.","start":10809.556,"end":10809.992}]},{"text":"The African Union?","start":10810.444,"end":10811.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10810.444,"end":10810.589},{"text":"African","start":10810.605,"end":10811.025},{"text":"Union?","start":10811.025,"end":10811.38}]},{"text":"They seem not to be in the room either.","start":10821.172,"end":10822.541,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":10821.172,"end":10821.341},{"text":"seem","start":10821.341,"end":10821.56},{"text":"not","start":10821.594,"end":10821.729},{"text":"to","start":10821.763,"end":10821.848},{"text":"be","start":10821.848,"end":10821.932},{"text":"in","start":10821.932,"end":10821.983},{"text":"the","start":10822.017,"end":10822.102},{"text":"room","start":10822.102,"end":10822.288},{"text":"either.","start":10822.338,"end":10822.541}]},{"text":"The UN Economic Commission for Africa, UNECA?","start":10823.924,"end":10826.372,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10823.924,"end":10824.071},{"text":"UN","start":10824.071,"end":10824.397},{"text":"Economic","start":10824.397,"end":10824.74},{"text":"Commission","start":10824.74,"end":10825.115},{"text":"for","start":10825.148,"end":10825.377},{"text":"Africa,","start":10825.377,"end":10825.801},{"text":"UNECA?","start":10825.883,"end":10826.372}]},{"text":"They're not in the room either.","start":10831.591,"end":10832.6,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":10831.591,"end":10831.673},{"text":"not","start":10831.673,"end":10831.905},{"text":"in","start":10831.905,"end":10831.955},{"text":"the","start":10831.988,"end":10832.07},{"text":"room","start":10832.07,"end":10832.203},{"text":"either.","start":10832.335,"end":10832.6}]},{"text":"I give the floor to Angola.","start":10832.914,"end":10834.303,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10832.914,"end":10832.964},{"text":"give","start":10832.997,"end":10833.146},{"text":"the","start":10833.146,"end":10833.212},{"text":"floor","start":10833.245,"end":10833.493},{"text":"to","start":10833.493,"end":10833.658},{"text":"Angola.","start":10833.807,"end":10834.303}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":79,"start":10839.54,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10840","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chairman.","start":10839.54,"end":10839.951,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10839.54,"end":10839.618},{"text":"you,","start":10839.618,"end":10839.657},{"text":"Mr.","start":10839.677,"end":10839.775},{"text":"Chairman.","start":10839.834,"end":10839.951}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":10841.832,"end":10842.892,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10841.832,"end":10842.138},{"text":"you,","start":10842.138,"end":10842.266},{"text":"Mr.","start":10842.378,"end":10842.651},{"text":"President.","start":10842.716,"end":10842.892}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"AGO","affiliation_full":"Angola","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":80,"start":10842.94,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10843","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"You're welcome.","start":10842.94,"end":10843.326,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You're","start":10842.94,"end":10843.021},{"text":"welcome.","start":10843.021,"end":10843.326}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":81,"start":10843.663,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=10844","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Angola congratulates the Democratic Republic of Congo for convening this important Area Formula meeting and appreciates the presence of Her Excellency Mrs. Teresa Kayikwamba Wagner, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Democratic Republic of Congo.","start":10843.663,"end":10858.998,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Angola","start":10843.663,"end":10844},{"text":"congratulates","start":10844,"end":10844.948},{"text":"the","start":10844.948,"end":10845.044},{"text":"Democratic","start":10845.044,"end":10845.445},{"text":"Republic","start":10845.445,"end":10845.831},{"text":"of","start":10845.831,"end":10845.895},{"text":"Congo","start":10846.072,"end":10846.553},{"text":"for","start":10846.553,"end":10846.714},{"text":"convening","start":10846.714,"end":10847.099},{"text":"this","start":10847.132,"end":10847.292},{"text":"important","start":10847.292,"end":10847.806},{"text":"Area","start":10848.159,"end":10848.256},{"text":"Formula","start":10848.272,"end":10848.657},{"text":"meeting","start":10848.657,"end":10849.026},{"text":"and","start":10849.845,"end":10850.006},{"text":"appreciates","start":10850.006,"end":10850.729},{"text":"the","start":10850.745,"end":10850.825},{"text":"presence","start":10850.905,"end":10851.387},{"text":"of","start":10851.451,"end":10851.531},{"text":"Her","start":10851.612,"end":10851.708},{"text":"Excellency","start":10851.853,"end":10852.559},{"text":"Mrs.","start":10853.298,"end":10853.731},{"text":"Teresa","start":10853.796,"end":10854.309},{"text":"Kayikwamba","start":10854.342,"end":10855.08},{"text":"Wagner,","start":10855.16,"end":10855.722},{"text":"Minister","start":10856.204,"end":10856.574},{"text":"of","start":10856.606,"end":10856.686},{"text":"Foreign","start":10856.686,"end":10857.055},{"text":"Affairs","start":10857.087,"end":10857.376},{"text":"of","start":10857.392,"end":10857.553},{"text":"the","start":10857.553,"end":10857.633},{"text":"Democratic","start":10857.633,"end":10858.131},{"text":"Republic","start":10858.131,"end":10858.292},{"text":"of","start":10858.292,"end":10858.42},{"text":"Congo.","start":10858.613,"end":10858.998}]},{"text":"We also thank all briefers for their insightful presentation this morning.","start":10859.737,"end":10864.362,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10859.737,"end":10859.898},{"text":"also","start":10860.042,"end":10860.604},{"text":"thank","start":10860.604,"end":10860.861},{"text":"all","start":10860.861,"end":10861.07},{"text":"briefers","start":10861.086,"end":10861.487},{"text":"for","start":10861.568,"end":10861.824},{"text":"their","start":10861.889,"end":10862.065},{"text":"insightful","start":10862.065,"end":10862.659},{"text":"presentation","start":10863.173,"end":10863.832},{"text":"this","start":10863.832,"end":10864.056},{"text":"morning.","start":10864.056,"end":10864.362}]},{"text":"By its own experience, Angola understands that natural resources can either fuel conflict through competition over valuable resources, illegal extraction, or financing armed groups, or support peace when managed transparently, equitably, and sustainably.","start":10865.277,"end":10885.585,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":10865.277,"end":10865.373},{"text":"its","start":10865.373,"end":10865.582},{"text":"own","start":10865.662,"end":10865.726},{"text":"experience,","start":10865.775,"end":10866.433},{"text":"Angola","start":10866.947,"end":10867.204},{"text":"understands","start":10867.204,"end":10867.814},{"text":"that","start":10867.846,"end":10868.119},{"text":"natural","start":10868.248,"end":10868.649},{"text":"resources","start":10868.649,"end":10869.259},{"text":"can","start":10869.372,"end":10869.583},{"text":"either","start":10869.761,"end":10870.182},{"text":"fuel","start":10870.571,"end":10870.96},{"text":"conflict","start":10871.138,"end":10871.819},{"text":"through","start":10872.289,"end":10872.418},{"text":"competition","start":10872.434,"end":10873.147},{"text":"over","start":10873.731,"end":10873.925},{"text":"valuable","start":10873.925,"end":10874.46},{"text":"resources,","start":10874.46,"end":10875.092},{"text":"illegal","start":10875.367,"end":10875.854},{"text":"extraction,","start":10875.854,"end":10876.388},{"text":"or","start":10877.134,"end":10877.182},{"text":"financing","start":10877.28,"end":10877.731},{"text":"armed","start":10877.86,"end":10878.118},{"text":"groups,","start":10878.118,"end":10878.521},{"text":"or","start":10878.909,"end":10879.102},{"text":"support","start":10879.263,"end":10879.828},{"text":"peace","start":10879.973,"end":10880.231},{"text":"when","start":10881.167,"end":10881.28},{"text":"managed","start":10881.344,"end":10881.909},{"text":"transparently,","start":10882.15,"end":10882.844},{"text":"equitably,","start":10883.199,"end":10883.892},{"text":"and","start":10884.78,"end":10884.957},{"text":"sustainably.","start":10884.957,"end":10885.585}]},{"text":"Mr. President, natural resources often play a significant role in the onset, financing, and prolongation of armed conflicts.","start":10888.178,"end":10897.637,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":10888.178,"end":10888.452},{"text":"President,","start":10888.517,"end":10889.241},{"text":"natural","start":10889.725,"end":10890.111},{"text":"resources","start":10890.111,"end":10890.82},{"text":"often","start":10891.803,"end":10892.028},{"text":"play","start":10892.221,"end":10892.366},{"text":"a","start":10892.366,"end":10892.399},{"text":"significant","start":10892.399,"end":10893.268},{"text":"role","start":10893.268,"end":10893.381},{"text":"in","start":10893.835,"end":10893.885},{"text":"the","start":10893.984,"end":10894.149},{"text":"onset,","start":10894.232,"end":10894.712},{"text":"financing,","start":10894.827,"end":10895.373},{"text":"and","start":10895.406,"end":10895.472},{"text":"prolongation","start":10895.571,"end":10896.2},{"text":"of","start":10896.316,"end":10896.461},{"text":"armed","start":10896.719,"end":10896.944},{"text":"conflicts.","start":10896.976,"end":10897.637}]},{"text":"While international humanitarian law, international criminal law, human rights law, and environmental law provide some protection, we believe that effective global normative and reinforcement gaps remain.","start":10898.426,"end":10912.998,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":10898.426,"end":10898.619},{"text":"international","start":10898.651,"end":10899.167},{"text":"humanitarian","start":10899.167,"end":10899.762},{"text":"law,","start":10899.795,"end":10899.875},{"text":"international","start":10900.6,"end":10901.292},{"text":"criminal","start":10901.325,"end":10901.727},{"text":"law,","start":10901.727,"end":10901.84},{"text":"human","start":10902.291,"end":10902.677},{"text":"rights","start":10902.677,"end":10903.016},{"text":"law,","start":10903.016,"end":10903.128},{"text":"and","start":10903.74,"end":10903.869},{"text":"environmental","start":10904.046,"end":10904.755},{"text":"law","start":10905.27,"end":10905.367},{"text":"provide","start":10905.512,"end":10905.963},{"text":"some","start":10905.98,"end":10906.286},{"text":"protection,","start":10906.302,"end":10906.915},{"text":"we","start":10907.674,"end":10907.851},{"text":"believe","start":10907.851,"end":10908.48},{"text":"that","start":10908.48,"end":10908.722},{"text":"effective","start":10908.722,"end":10909.303},{"text":"global","start":10909.303,"end":10909.61},{"text":"normative","start":10909.626,"end":10910.239},{"text":"and","start":10911.142,"end":10911.384},{"text":"reinforcement","start":10911.384,"end":10912.191},{"text":"gaps","start":10912.207,"end":10912.61},{"text":"remain.","start":10912.61,"end":10912.998}]},{"text":"They are also very fragmented.","start":10913.901,"end":10916.483,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":10913.901,"end":10914.127},{"text":"are","start":10914.208,"end":10914.982},{"text":"also","start":10915.16,"end":10915.342},{"text":"very","start":10915.342,"end":10915.689},{"text":"fragmented.","start":10915.689,"end":10916.483}]},{"text":"Strengthening international law can help ensure that natural resources governance contribute to peace rather than conflicts.","start":10918.18,"end":10925.062,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Strengthening","start":10918.18,"end":10918.506},{"text":"international","start":10918.702,"end":10919.224},{"text":"law","start":10919.289,"end":10919.436},{"text":"can","start":10919.518,"end":10919.812},{"text":"help","start":10919.828,"end":10920.106},{"text":"ensure","start":10920.106,"end":10920.448},{"text":"that","start":10920.481,"end":10920.595},{"text":"natural","start":10920.595,"end":10920.971},{"text":"resources","start":10920.971,"end":10921.607},{"text":"governance","start":10921.64,"end":10922.244},{"text":"contribute","start":10922.293,"end":10922.75},{"text":"to","start":10922.782,"end":10922.913},{"text":"peace","start":10923.011,"end":10923.288},{"text":"rather","start":10923.346,"end":10923.699},{"text":"than","start":10924.067,"end":10924.132},{"text":"conflicts.","start":10924.324,"end":10925.062}]},{"text":"When natural resources are governed transparently, equitably, and sustainably, they can reduce tensions, strengthen state legitimacy, and support long-term development.","start":10926.088,"end":10937.763,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":10926.088,"end":10926.248},{"text":"natural","start":10926.248,"end":10926.585},{"text":"resources","start":10926.585,"end":10927.259},{"text":"are","start":10928.157,"end":10928.269},{"text":"governed","start":10928.317,"end":10928.798},{"text":"transparently,","start":10928.798,"end":10929.504},{"text":"equitably,","start":10929.857,"end":10930.466},{"text":"and","start":10930.579,"end":10930.643},{"text":"sustainably,","start":10930.723,"end":10931.429},{"text":"they","start":10932.102,"end":10932.214},{"text":"can","start":10932.343,"end":10932.503},{"text":"reduce","start":10932.583,"end":10932.952},{"text":"tensions,","start":10933.064,"end":10933.642},{"text":"strengthen","start":10933.962,"end":10934.46},{"text":"state","start":10934.46,"end":10934.812},{"text":"legitimacy,","start":10934.812,"end":10935.518},{"text":"and","start":10935.791,"end":10935.855},{"text":"support","start":10935.935,"end":10936.544},{"text":"long-term","start":10936.577,"end":10936.978},{"text":"development.","start":10937.074,"end":10937.763}]},{"text":"In this regard, we wish to highlight 3 priorities.","start":10939.094,"end":10943.056,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10939.094,"end":10939.175},{"text":"this","start":10939.239,"end":10939.463},{"text":"regard,","start":10939.463,"end":10939.848},{"text":"we","start":10940.281,"end":10940.377},{"text":"wish","start":10940.442,"end":10940.634},{"text":"to","start":10941.003,"end":10941.147},{"text":"highlight","start":10941.147,"end":10941.805},{"text":"3","start":10941.965,"end":10942.238},{"text":"priorities.","start":10942.366,"end":10943.056}]},{"text":"We need to further reinforce the current architecture of global natural resource governance.","start":10944.21,"end":10948.877,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10944.21,"end":10944.291},{"text":"need","start":10944.291,"end":10944.467},{"text":"to","start":10944.515,"end":10944.563},{"text":"further","start":10944.611,"end":10944.964},{"text":"reinforce","start":10945.012,"end":10945.654},{"text":"the","start":10945.654,"end":10945.734},{"text":"current","start":10945.734,"end":10946.183},{"text":"architecture","start":10946.215,"end":10946.905},{"text":"of","start":10947.001,"end":10947.065},{"text":"global","start":10947.097,"end":10947.45},{"text":"natural","start":10947.498,"end":10947.835},{"text":"resource","start":10947.835,"end":10948.188},{"text":"governance.","start":10948.38,"end":10948.877}]},{"text":"To prevent environmental degradation, prevent conflicts, and ensure economic benefits— that economic benefit is shared equally to all.","start":10949.506,"end":10960.06,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":10949.506,"end":10949.554},{"text":"prevent","start":10949.587,"end":10950.361},{"text":"environmental","start":10951.039,"end":10951.7},{"text":"degradation,","start":10951.7,"end":10952.394},{"text":"prevent","start":10953.137,"end":10953.572},{"text":"conflicts,","start":10953.621,"end":10954.234},{"text":"and","start":10954.573,"end":10954.637},{"text":"ensure","start":10954.734,"end":10955.138},{"text":"economic","start":10955.138,"end":10955.702},{"text":"benefits—","start":10955.783,"end":10956.396},{"text":"that","start":10957.009,"end":10957.348},{"text":"economic","start":10957.655,"end":10957.994},{"text":"benefit","start":10958.042,"end":10958.462},{"text":"is","start":10958.526,"end":10958.591},{"text":"shared","start":10958.623,"end":10958.946},{"text":"equally","start":10958.946,"end":10959.479},{"text":"to","start":10959.576,"end":10959.705},{"text":"all.","start":10959.898,"end":10960.06}]},{"text":"Second, inclusive governance is essential to ensure decisions regarding natural resources reduce exclusion and enhance legitimacy of public institutions.","start":10960.964,"end":10977.329,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":10960.964,"end":10961.706},{"text":"inclusive","start":10963.934,"end":10964.483},{"text":"governance","start":10964.515,"end":10965.113},{"text":"is","start":10966.84,"end":10967.001},{"text":"essential","start":10967.001,"end":10967.502},{"text":"to","start":10967.502,"end":10967.631},{"text":"ensure","start":10967.647,"end":10968.131},{"text":"decisions","start":10968.131,"end":10968.598},{"text":"regarding","start":10968.631,"end":10969.082},{"text":"natural","start":10969.114,"end":10969.501},{"text":"resources","start":10969.501,"end":10970.13},{"text":"reduce","start":10971.469,"end":10971.904},{"text":"exclusion","start":10971.952,"end":10972.791},{"text":"and","start":10973.371,"end":10973.468},{"text":"enhance","start":10973.468,"end":10974.016},{"text":"legitimacy","start":10974.016,"end":10974.806},{"text":"of","start":10975.064,"end":10975.274},{"text":"public","start":10975.272,"end":10975.915},{"text":"institutions.","start":10976.622,"end":10977.329}]},{"text":"Governments should adopt policies that promote equitable allocation of resources, prevent discrimination, resolve land and water disputes peacefully.","start":10978.165,"end":10988.304,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"Governments","start":10978.165,"end":10978.873},{"text":"should","start":10978.873,"end":10979.21},{"text":"adopt","start":10979.275,"end":10979.66},{"text":"policies","start":10979.693,"end":10980.223},{"text":"that","start":10980.255,"end":10980.464},{"text":"promote","start":10980.496,"end":10980.979},{"text":"equitable","start":10980.979,"end":10981.59},{"text":"allocation","start":10981.847,"end":10982.442},{"text":"of","start":10982.442,"end":10982.506},{"text":"resources,","start":10982.506,"end":10983.197},{"text":"prevent","start":10983.68,"end":10983.988},{"text":"discrimination,","start":10984.02,"end":10984.864},{"text":"resolve","start":10985.172,"end":10986.032},{"text":"land","start":10986.211,"end":10986.6},{"text":"and","start":10986.714,"end":10986.779},{"text":"water","start":10986.941,"end":10987.217},{"text":"disputes","start":10987.217,"end":10987.736},{"text":"peacefully.","start":10987.753,"end":10988.304}]},{"text":"Third, transparency and traceability.","start":10989.213,"end":10992.156,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":10989.213,"end":10989.57},{"text":"transparency","start":10990.187,"end":10990.738},{"text":"and","start":10991.238,"end":10991.399},{"text":"traceability.","start":10991.399,"end":10992.156}]},{"text":"Transparent resource governance strengthens public trust and reduces opportunity for corruption, illicit In this regard, we would like to once again congratulate the DRC for bringing this topic at the table.","start":10993.75,"end":11013.173,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"Transparent","start":10993.75,"end":10994.394},{"text":"resource","start":10994.394,"end":10994.797},{"text":"governance","start":10994.877,"end":10995.36},{"text":"strengthens","start":10995.36,"end":10995.811},{"text":"public","start":10995.924,"end":10996.31},{"text":"trust","start":10996.407,"end":10996.761},{"text":"and","start":10997.051,"end":10997.116},{"text":"reduces","start":10997.277,"end":10997.744},{"text":"opportunity","start":10997.856,"end":10998.629},{"text":"for","start":10998.822,"end":10998.984},{"text":"corruption,","start":10998.984,"end":10999.515},{"text":"illicit","start":10999.853,"end":11000.368},{"text":"In","start":11002.664,"end":11002.793},{"text":"this","start":11002.825,"end":11003.018},{"text":"regard,","start":11003.067,"end":11003.598},{"text":"we","start":11004.436,"end":11004.678},{"text":"would","start":11005.129,"end":11005.258},{"text":"like","start":11005.386,"end":11005.789},{"text":"to","start":11005.789,"end":11006.127},{"text":"once","start":11006.852,"end":11007.207},{"text":"again","start":11007.239,"end":11007.594},{"text":"congratulate","start":11008.222,"end":11008.85},{"text":"the","start":11008.85,"end":11008.947},{"text":"DRC","start":11008.947,"end":11009.672},{"text":"for","start":11009.672,"end":11010.075},{"text":"bringing","start":11010.075,"end":11010.527},{"text":"this","start":11010.963,"end":11011.237},{"text":"topic","start":11011.269,"end":11011.753},{"text":"at","start":11012.56,"end":11012.673},{"text":"the","start":11012.673,"end":11012.818},{"text":"table.","start":11012.818,"end":11013.173}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":11013.625,"end":11013.964,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11013.625,"end":11013.851},{"text":"you.","start":11013.851,"end":11013.964}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"AGO","affiliation_full":"Angola","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":82,"start":11017.094,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=11018","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Angola, and I now give the floor to Venezuela.","start":11017.094,"end":11020.522,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11017.094,"end":11017.174},{"text":"thank","start":11017.82,"end":11018.126},{"text":"Angola,","start":11018.126,"end":11018.626},{"text":"and","start":11018.643,"end":11018.755},{"text":"I","start":11019.191,"end":11019.256},{"text":"now","start":11019.256,"end":11019.391},{"text":"give","start":11019.442,"end":11019.611},{"text":"the","start":11019.611,"end":11019.695},{"text":"floor","start":11019.695,"end":11019.948},{"text":"to","start":11019.948,"end":11020.066},{"text":"Venezuela.","start":11020.117,"end":11020.522}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":83,"start":11028.457,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=11029","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Mr. President.","start":11028.457,"end":11030.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11028.457,"end":11028.633},{"text":"you","start":11028.633,"end":11028.793},{"text":"very","start":11028.793,"end":11028.97},{"text":"much,","start":11028.97,"end":11029.21},{"text":"Mr.","start":11029.338,"end":11029.531},{"text":"President.","start":11029.579,"end":11030.06}]},{"text":"The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela expresses its thanks to the DRC for convening this important meeting.","start":11030.156,"end":11038.539,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11030.156,"end":11030.316},{"text":"Bolivarian","start":11030.316,"end":11030.749},{"text":"Republic","start":11030.781,"end":11031.214},{"text":"of","start":11031.214,"end":11031.278},{"text":"Venezuela","start":11031.278,"end":11031.839},{"text":"expresses","start":11031.839,"end":11032.448},{"text":"its","start":11032.544,"end":11032.688},{"text":"thanks","start":11032.8,"end":11033.201},{"text":"to","start":11033.281,"end":11033.361},{"text":"the","start":11033.602,"end":11033.858},{"text":"DRC","start":11034.179,"end":11034.804},{"text":"for","start":11035.429,"end":11035.782},{"text":"convening","start":11035.846,"end":11036.375},{"text":"this","start":11036.792,"end":11037.08},{"text":"important","start":11037.208,"end":11038.106},{"text":"meeting.","start":11038.154,"end":11038.539}]},{"text":"We also thank the panelists for their briefings.","start":11039.212,"end":11041.183,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11039.212,"end":11039.356},{"text":"also","start":11039.356,"end":11039.597},{"text":"thank","start":11039.597,"end":11039.773},{"text":"the","start":11039.773,"end":11039.917},{"text":"panelists","start":11039.917,"end":11040.414},{"text":"for","start":11040.414,"end":11040.526},{"text":"their","start":11040.526,"end":11040.654},{"text":"briefings.","start":11040.654,"end":11041.183}]},{"text":"We wish to reaffirm our staunch commitment to the defense of the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and to fair and equitable, inclusive and sustainable governance of these resources.","start":11042.321,"end":11055.689,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11042.321,"end":11042.53},{"text":"wish","start":11042.578,"end":11042.786},{"text":"to","start":11042.802,"end":11042.914},{"text":"reaffirm","start":11042.979,"end":11043.604},{"text":"our","start":11043.604,"end":11043.828},{"text":"staunch","start":11043.924,"end":11044.389},{"text":"commitment","start":11044.421,"end":11044.982},{"text":"to","start":11044.982,"end":11045.078},{"text":"the","start":11045.078,"end":11045.158},{"text":"defense","start":11045.158,"end":11045.735},{"text":"of","start":11045.768,"end":11045.992},{"text":"the","start":11046.248,"end":11046.457},{"text":"permanent","start":11046.745,"end":11047.162},{"text":"sovereignty","start":11047.162,"end":11047.611},{"text":"of","start":11047.611,"end":11047.691},{"text":"states","start":11047.691,"end":11048.14},{"text":"over","start":11048.172,"end":11048.268},{"text":"their","start":11048.268,"end":11048.364},{"text":"natural","start":11048.364,"end":11048.717},{"text":"resources","start":11048.749,"end":11049.278},{"text":"and","start":11050.336,"end":11050.56},{"text":"to","start":11050.576,"end":11050.849},{"text":"fair","start":11051.458,"end":11051.874},{"text":"and","start":11051.874,"end":11051.939},{"text":"equitable,","start":11052.099,"end":11052.612},{"text":"inclusive","start":11052.676,"end":11053.285},{"text":"and","start":11053.381,"end":11053.525},{"text":"sustainable","start":11053.541,"end":11054.247},{"text":"governance","start":11054.263,"end":11054.872},{"text":"of","start":11054.92,"end":11055},{"text":"these","start":11055,"end":11055.128},{"text":"resources.","start":11055.224,"end":11055.689}]},{"text":"In strict adherence to the principles and purposes of UN Charter and international law.","start":11056.512,"end":11062.101,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":11056.512,"end":11056.625},{"text":"strict","start":11056.625,"end":11057.32},{"text":"adherence","start":11057.4,"end":11057.804},{"text":"to","start":11057.885,"end":11057.982},{"text":"the","start":11057.982,"end":11058.063},{"text":"principles","start":11058.547,"end":11059.08},{"text":"and","start":11059.113,"end":11059.193},{"text":"purposes","start":11059.193,"end":11059.646},{"text":"of","start":11059.694,"end":11059.856},{"text":"UN","start":11059.904,"end":11060.13},{"text":"Charter","start":11060.227,"end":11060.809},{"text":"and","start":11061.196,"end":11061.31},{"text":"international","start":11061.358,"end":11062.02},{"text":"law.","start":11062.02,"end":11062.101}]},{"text":"Natural resources are the strategic— a strategic asset of our peoples and an essential pillar for driving forward sustainable development, eradicating poverty, reducing inequalities, and ensuring shared prosperity for present and future generations.","start":11063.73,"end":11080.987,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":11063.73,"end":11064.085},{"text":"resources","start":11064.085,"end":11064.698},{"text":"are","start":11065.845,"end":11066.039},{"text":"the","start":11066.346,"end":11066.588},{"text":"strategic—","start":11066.652,"end":11067.557},{"text":"a","start":11067.702,"end":11067.734},{"text":"strategic","start":11067.734,"end":11068.267},{"text":"asset","start":11068.348,"end":11068.703},{"text":"of","start":11068.703,"end":11068.832},{"text":"our","start":11068.832,"end":11068.929},{"text":"peoples","start":11068.929,"end":11069.381},{"text":"and","start":11069.478,"end":11069.575},{"text":"an","start":11069.575,"end":11069.704},{"text":"essential","start":11069.898,"end":11070.334},{"text":"pillar","start":11070.383,"end":11070.706},{"text":"for","start":11070.706,"end":11071.125},{"text":"driving","start":11071.416,"end":11071.787},{"text":"forward","start":11071.9,"end":11072.143},{"text":"sustainable","start":11072.143,"end":11072.498},{"text":"development,","start":11072.498,"end":11073.029},{"text":"eradicating","start":11073.046,"end":11073.593},{"text":"poverty,","start":11073.69,"end":11074.141},{"text":"reducing","start":11074.576,"end":11075.027},{"text":"inequalities,","start":11075.059,"end":11075.752},{"text":"and","start":11076.267,"end":11076.445},{"text":"ensuring","start":11076.445,"end":11076.96},{"text":"shared","start":11077.314,"end":11077.766},{"text":"prosperity","start":11077.878,"end":11078.571},{"text":"for","start":11079.07,"end":11079.376},{"text":"present","start":11079.393,"end":11079.811},{"text":"and","start":11079.811,"end":11079.956},{"text":"future","start":11079.956,"end":11080.279},{"text":"generations.","start":11080.279,"end":11080.987}]},{"text":"Transiting towards sustainable models must be grounded in the full observance of common but differentiated treatment, observing the respective capacities and national circumstances.","start":11083.241,"end":11097.985,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Transiting","start":11083.241,"end":11083.866},{"text":"towards","start":11084.364,"end":11084.749},{"text":"sustainable","start":11084.877,"end":11085.39},{"text":"models","start":11085.471,"end":11085.872},{"text":"must","start":11086.064,"end":11086.401},{"text":"be","start":11086.465,"end":11086.722},{"text":"grounded","start":11087.348,"end":11087.925},{"text":"in","start":11088.054,"end":11088.15},{"text":"the","start":11088.15,"end":11088.198},{"text":"full","start":11088.23,"end":11088.503},{"text":"observance","start":11089.032,"end":11089.69},{"text":"of","start":11089.69,"end":11089.802},{"text":"common","start":11089.899,"end":11090.284},{"text":"but","start":11090.316,"end":11090.476},{"text":"differentiated","start":11090.476,"end":11091.343},{"text":"treatment,","start":11091.343,"end":11091.888},{"text":"observing","start":11092.658,"end":11093.027},{"text":"the","start":11093.123,"end":11093.364},{"text":"respective","start":11093.444,"end":11094.503},{"text":"capacities","start":11095.209,"end":11095.979},{"text":"and","start":11096.236,"end":11096.492},{"text":"national","start":11096.637,"end":11096.942},{"text":"circumstances.","start":11096.99,"end":11097.985}]},{"text":"It is only this way that we'll be able to ensure a truly just and inclusive and equitable energy transition that does not reproduce new forms of asymmetries, dependencies, or exclusion.","start":11098.193,"end":11110.803,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":11098.193,"end":11098.321},{"text":"is","start":11098.321,"end":11098.418},{"text":"only","start":11098.642,"end":11098.787},{"text":"this","start":11098.883,"end":11099.011},{"text":"way","start":11099.14,"end":11099.3},{"text":"that","start":11099.3,"end":11099.461},{"text":"we'll","start":11099.461,"end":11099.589},{"text":"be","start":11099.621,"end":11099.781},{"text":"able","start":11099.781,"end":11099.91},{"text":"to","start":11099.942,"end":11100.086},{"text":"ensure","start":11100.086,"end":11100.6},{"text":"a","start":11100.969,"end":11101.097},{"text":"truly","start":11101.289,"end":11101.755},{"text":"just","start":11102.092,"end":11102.493},{"text":"and","start":11102.509,"end":11102.653},{"text":"inclusive","start":11102.653,"end":11103.455},{"text":"and","start":11103.455,"end":11103.536},{"text":"equitable","start":11103.632,"end":11104.113},{"text":"energy","start":11104.113,"end":11104.434},{"text":"transition","start":11104.434,"end":11105.044},{"text":"that","start":11106.343,"end":11106.455},{"text":"does","start":11106.504,"end":11106.648},{"text":"not","start":11106.664,"end":11106.792},{"text":"reproduce","start":11106.905,"end":11107.595},{"text":"new","start":11107.643,"end":11107.931},{"text":"forms","start":11107.948,"end":11108.252},{"text":"of","start":11108.3,"end":11108.381},{"text":"asymmetries,","start":11108.381,"end":11109.055},{"text":"dependencies,","start":11109.167,"end":11110.097},{"text":"or","start":11110.194,"end":11110.29},{"text":"exclusion.","start":11110.29,"end":11110.803}]},{"text":"Throughout the entire value chain.","start":11139.453,"end":11141.107,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Throughout","start":11139.453,"end":11139.951},{"text":"the","start":11139.999,"end":11140.095},{"text":"entire","start":11140.095,"end":11140.416},{"text":"value","start":11140.416,"end":11140.802},{"text":"chain.","start":11140.802,"end":11141.107}]},{"text":"In this context, it is the right time to underscore that the imposition of unilateral coercive measures that are counter to international law and the purposes and principles of the UN Charter bring about profound market distortions and limit countries' abilities to move to implement the 2030 Agenda.","start":11142.504,"end":11164.565,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":11142.504,"end":11142.552},{"text":"this","start":11142.584,"end":11142.744},{"text":"context,","start":11142.744,"end":11143.403},{"text":"it","start":11144.334,"end":11144.591},{"text":"is","start":11144.591,"end":11144.719},{"text":"the","start":11144.735,"end":11144.816},{"text":"right","start":11144.832,"end":11145.024},{"text":"time","start":11145.073,"end":11145.394},{"text":"to","start":11145.394,"end":11145.635},{"text":"underscore","start":11145.635,"end":11146.116},{"text":"that","start":11146.116,"end":11146.357},{"text":"the","start":11146.421,"end":11146.614},{"text":"imposition","start":11146.839,"end":11147.369},{"text":"of","start":11147.626,"end":11147.722},{"text":"unilateral","start":11147.722,"end":11148.3},{"text":"coercive","start":11148.348,"end":11148.782},{"text":"measures","start":11148.83,"end":11149.135},{"text":"that","start":11149.247,"end":11149.424},{"text":"are","start":11149.552,"end":11149.825},{"text":"counter","start":11150.355,"end":11150.692},{"text":"to","start":11150.692,"end":11150.805},{"text":"international","start":11150.853,"end":11151.415},{"text":"law","start":11151.415,"end":11151.495},{"text":"and","start":11151.656,"end":11151.784},{"text":"the","start":11151.816,"end":11152.057},{"text":"purposes","start":11152.121,"end":11152.507},{"text":"and","start":11152.539,"end":11152.619},{"text":"principles","start":11152.619,"end":11153.149},{"text":"of","start":11153.245,"end":11153.31},{"text":"the","start":11153.326,"end":11153.406},{"text":"UN","start":11153.422,"end":11153.727},{"text":"Charter","start":11153.727,"end":11154.209},{"text":"bring","start":11155.67,"end":11155.847},{"text":"about","start":11155.847,"end":11156.232},{"text":"profound","start":11156.392,"end":11156.874},{"text":"market","start":11157.42,"end":11157.789},{"text":"distortions","start":11157.854,"end":11158.608},{"text":"and","start":11158.945,"end":11159.09},{"text":"limit","start":11159.283,"end":11159.62},{"text":"countries'","start":11159.764,"end":11160.214},{"text":"abilities","start":11160.664,"end":11161.258},{"text":"to","start":11161.29,"end":11161.45},{"text":"move","start":11161.45,"end":11161.82},{"text":"to","start":11162.414,"end":11162.703},{"text":"implement","start":11162.735,"end":11163.361},{"text":"the","start":11163.361,"end":11163.457},{"text":"2030","start":11163.457,"end":11164.1},{"text":"Agenda.","start":11164.1,"end":11164.565}]},{"text":"Madam Minister, Venezuela reiterates that multilateral fora that are universal and democratic, like the General Assembly, are the right spaces for defining frameworks for global governance based on cooperation and consensus, like our country has been calling for since 2007.","start":11165.607,"end":11186.492,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":11165.607,"end":11165.816},{"text":"Minister,","start":11165.864,"end":11166.264},{"text":"Venezuela","start":11166.809,"end":11167.386},{"text":"reiterates","start":11167.386,"end":11167.979},{"text":"that","start":11168.108,"end":11168.22},{"text":"multilateral","start":11168.268,"end":11168.957},{"text":"fora","start":11169.246,"end":11169.791},{"text":"that","start":11170.592,"end":11170.897},{"text":"are","start":11170.897,"end":11171.169},{"text":"universal","start":11172.58,"end":11173.06},{"text":"and","start":11173.06,"end":11173.157},{"text":"democratic,","start":11173.157,"end":11173.702},{"text":"like","start":11173.782,"end":11173.958},{"text":"the","start":11173.958,"end":11174.038},{"text":"General","start":11174.038,"end":11174.295},{"text":"Assembly,","start":11174.295,"end":11174.727},{"text":"are","start":11174.775,"end":11174.84},{"text":"the","start":11174.84,"end":11174.968},{"text":"right","start":11174.984,"end":11175.224},{"text":"spaces","start":11175.224,"end":11175.705},{"text":"for","start":11175.705,"end":11175.785},{"text":"defining","start":11175.785,"end":11176.25},{"text":"frameworks","start":11176.362,"end":11176.843},{"text":"for","start":11176.843,"end":11176.987},{"text":"global","start":11176.987,"end":11177.292},{"text":"governance","start":11177.324,"end":11177.885},{"text":"based","start":11177.885,"end":11178.27},{"text":"on","start":11178.286,"end":11178.334},{"text":"cooperation","start":11178.51,"end":11179.087},{"text":"and","start":11179.087,"end":11179.167},{"text":"consensus,","start":11179.167,"end":11179.856},{"text":"like","start":11181.171,"end":11181.427},{"text":"our","start":11181.507,"end":11181.652},{"text":"country","start":11181.652,"end":11182.116},{"text":"has","start":11182.838,"end":11183.142},{"text":"been","start":11183.559,"end":11184.473},{"text":"calling","start":11184.537,"end":11184.825},{"text":"for","start":11184.921,"end":11185.05},{"text":"since","start":11185.114,"end":11185.434},{"text":"2007.","start":11185.659,"end":11186.492}]},{"text":"Finally, we must ensure that constructive dialogue and adherence to international law are always— we must recall that they're always the most effective tools for turning natural resources into genuine sources for global peace and prosperity.","start":11187.662,"end":11202.135,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":11187.662,"end":11188.031},{"text":"we","start":11188.127,"end":11188.239},{"text":"must","start":11188.239,"end":11188.544},{"text":"ensure","start":11188.544,"end":11189.025},{"text":"that","start":11189.025,"end":11189.249},{"text":"constructive","start":11189.249,"end":11189.746},{"text":"dialogue","start":11189.762,"end":11190.291},{"text":"and","start":11190.451,"end":11190.595},{"text":"adherence","start":11190.852,"end":11191.413},{"text":"to","start":11191.413,"end":11191.669},{"text":"international","start":11191.83,"end":11192.423},{"text":"law","start":11192.471,"end":11192.647},{"text":"are","start":11193.259,"end":11193.453},{"text":"always—","start":11193.663,"end":11194.051},{"text":"we","start":11194.407,"end":11194.52},{"text":"must","start":11194.552,"end":11194.682},{"text":"recall","start":11194.714,"end":11194.957},{"text":"that","start":11194.957,"end":11195.054},{"text":"they're","start":11195.054,"end":11195.264},{"text":"always","start":11195.361,"end":11195.587},{"text":"the","start":11195.7,"end":11195.765},{"text":"most","start":11195.765,"end":11195.943},{"text":"effective","start":11195.943,"end":11196.395},{"text":"tools","start":11196.428,"end":11196.719},{"text":"for","start":11196.832,"end":11196.945},{"text":"turning","start":11197.22,"end":11197.527},{"text":"natural","start":11198.028,"end":11198.287},{"text":"resources","start":11198.287,"end":11198.772},{"text":"into","start":11198.772,"end":11198.95},{"text":"genuine","start":11199.014,"end":11199.467},{"text":"sources","start":11199.564,"end":11200.033},{"text":"for","start":11200.292,"end":11200.582},{"text":"global","start":11200.793,"end":11201.1},{"text":"peace","start":11201.181,"end":11201.439},{"text":"and","start":11201.439,"end":11201.52},{"text":"prosperity.","start":11201.52,"end":11202.135}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":11202.312,"end":11203.088,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11202.312,"end":11202.62},{"text":"you","start":11202.62,"end":11202.67},{"text":"very","start":11202.72,"end":11202.854},{"text":"much.","start":11202.904,"end":11203.088}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"VEN","affiliation_full":"Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":84,"start":11205.072,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=11206","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The President, I thank Venezuela and give the floor now to the Natural Resource Governance Institute, Ms. Erika Westenberg.","start":11205.072,"end":11215.079,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11205.072,"end":11205.234},{"text":"President,","start":11205.234,"end":11205.686},{"text":"I","start":11205.719,"end":11205.751},{"text":"thank","start":11205.799,"end":11206.026},{"text":"Venezuela","start":11206.026,"end":11206.77},{"text":"and","start":11206.996,"end":11207.303},{"text":"give","start":11207.335,"end":11207.513},{"text":"the","start":11207.513,"end":11207.643},{"text":"floor","start":11207.643,"end":11207.917},{"text":"now","start":11207.917,"end":11208.095},{"text":"to","start":11208.386,"end":11208.71},{"text":"the","start":11208.774,"end":11209.033},{"text":"Natural","start":11211.216,"end":11211.749},{"text":"Resource","start":11211.782,"end":11212.154},{"text":"Governance","start":11212.267,"end":11212.736},{"text":"Institute,","start":11212.736,"end":11213.33},{"text":"Ms.","start":11213.347,"end":11213.594},{"text":"Erika","start":11213.825,"end":11214.287},{"text":"Westenberg.","start":11214.32,"end":11215.079}]},{"text":"Okay, I think that we've come to the end of our list of speakers.","start":11236.249,"end":11239.517,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Okay,","start":11236.249,"end":11236.569},{"text":"I","start":11236.729,"end":11236.825},{"text":"think","start":11236.825,"end":11237.13},{"text":"that","start":11237.13,"end":11237.306},{"text":"we've","start":11237.306,"end":11237.771},{"text":"come","start":11237.867,"end":11238.027},{"text":"to","start":11238.107,"end":11238.187},{"text":"the","start":11238.187,"end":11238.331},{"text":"end","start":11238.331,"end":11238.508},{"text":"of","start":11238.508,"end":11238.572},{"text":"our","start":11238.572,"end":11238.668},{"text":"list","start":11238.668,"end":11238.924},{"text":"of","start":11238.924,"end":11238.972},{"text":"speakers.","start":11238.988,"end":11239.517}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":11240.67,"end":11241.071,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11240.67,"end":11240.895},{"text":"you.","start":11240.895,"end":11241.071}]},{"text":"Before I adjourn the meeting, I'll give the floor back to Her Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs for her concluding remarks.","start":11241.151,"end":11247.735,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Before","start":11241.151,"end":11241.503},{"text":"I","start":11241.936,"end":11241.984},{"text":"adjourn","start":11242.128,"end":11242.369},{"text":"the","start":11242.369,"end":11242.449},{"text":"meeting,","start":11242.449,"end":11242.753},{"text":"I'll","start":11242.769,"end":11242.913},{"text":"give","start":11242.913,"end":11243.057},{"text":"the","start":11243.057,"end":11243.154},{"text":"floor","start":11243.154,"end":11243.426},{"text":"back","start":11243.939,"end":11244.067},{"text":"to","start":11244.259,"end":11244.483},{"text":"Her","start":11244.499,"end":11244.659},{"text":"Excellency","start":11244.659,"end":11245.284},{"text":"the","start":11245.557,"end":11245.605},{"text":"Minister","start":11245.621,"end":11245.973},{"text":"of","start":11245.973,"end":11246.037},{"text":"Foreign","start":11246.037,"end":11246.294},{"text":"Affairs","start":11246.294,"end":11246.566},{"text":"for","start":11246.662,"end":11246.774},{"text":"her","start":11246.774,"end":11246.918},{"text":"concluding","start":11246.918,"end":11247.287},{"text":"remarks.","start":11247.303,"end":11247.735}]},{"text":"Your Excellency, you have the floor.","start":11247.784,"end":11249.065,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":11247.784,"end":11247.944},{"text":"Excellency,","start":11247.944,"end":11248.408},{"text":"you","start":11248.44,"end":11248.521},{"text":"have","start":11248.521,"end":11248.681},{"text":"the","start":11248.681,"end":11248.761},{"text":"floor.","start":11248.761,"end":11249.065}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":85,"start":11249.562,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=11250","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen.","start":11249.562,"end":11253.545,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11249.562,"end":11250.028},{"text":"you","start":11250.028,"end":11250.124},{"text":"very","start":11250.124,"end":11250.446},{"text":"much,","start":11250.702,"end":11250.975},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":11251.248,"end":11252.581},{"text":"ladies","start":11252.758,"end":11252.934},{"text":"and","start":11252.934,"end":11253.015},{"text":"gentlemen.","start":11253.015,"end":11253.545}]},{"text":"As we come to the end of this Area Formula meeting, on behalf of the DRC and in my capacity as President of the Security Council for the month of July, I wish to thank all of the participants, experts, and member states for the quality of their contributions.","start":11254.123,"end":11268.557,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":11254.123,"end":11254.187},{"text":"we","start":11254.219,"end":11254.299},{"text":"come","start":11254.363,"end":11254.476},{"text":"to","start":11254.524,"end":11254.604},{"text":"the","start":11254.604,"end":11254.685},{"text":"end","start":11254.685,"end":11254.845},{"text":"of","start":11254.845,"end":11254.893},{"text":"this","start":11254.925,"end":11255.166},{"text":"Area","start":11255.166,"end":11256.065},{"text":"Formula","start":11256.065,"end":11256.467},{"text":"meeting,","start":11256.467,"end":11256.836},{"text":"on","start":11256.868,"end":11256.949},{"text":"behalf","start":11256.949,"end":11257.494},{"text":"of","start":11257.494,"end":11257.639},{"text":"the","start":11257.671,"end":11257.832},{"text":"DRC","start":11257.832,"end":11258.41},{"text":"and","start":11258.634,"end":11258.699},{"text":"in","start":11258.731,"end":11258.795},{"text":"my","start":11258.795,"end":11258.956},{"text":"capacity","start":11258.956,"end":11259.566},{"text":"as","start":11260.144,"end":11260.288},{"text":"President","start":11260.401,"end":11261.043},{"text":"of","start":11261.043,"end":11261.171},{"text":"the","start":11261.348,"end":11261.541},{"text":"Security","start":11261.541,"end":11262.151},{"text":"Council","start":11262.151,"end":11262.456},{"text":"for","start":11262.488,"end":11262.6},{"text":"the","start":11262.6,"end":11262.649},{"text":"month","start":11262.649,"end":11262.825},{"text":"of","start":11262.825,"end":11262.938},{"text":"July,","start":11262.954,"end":11263.162},{"text":"I","start":11263.612,"end":11263.676},{"text":"wish","start":11263.676,"end":11263.773},{"text":"to","start":11263.773,"end":11263.917},{"text":"thank","start":11263.917,"end":11264.174},{"text":"all","start":11264.174,"end":11264.27},{"text":"of","start":11264.27,"end":11264.351},{"text":"the","start":11264.351,"end":11264.559},{"text":"participants,","start":11264.559,"end":11265.186},{"text":"experts,","start":11265.282,"end":11265.635},{"text":"and","start":11265.699,"end":11265.78},{"text":"member","start":11265.78,"end":11266.004},{"text":"states","start":11266.004,"end":11266.422},{"text":"for","start":11266.422,"end":11266.743},{"text":"the","start":11266.743,"end":11267},{"text":"quality","start":11267.225,"end":11267.642},{"text":"of","start":11267.642,"end":11267.722},{"text":"their","start":11267.722,"end":11267.851},{"text":"contributions.","start":11267.851,"end":11268.557}]},{"text":"I welcome the fact that our goal to open up a space for inclusive reflections to establish a diagnostic and look at achievements and possibilities for international action on the link between natural resources and peace.","start":11269.376,"end":11283.297,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11269.376,"end":11269.424},{"text":"welcome","start":11269.617,"end":11269.874},{"text":"the","start":11269.874,"end":11269.954},{"text":"fact","start":11269.954,"end":11270.195},{"text":"that","start":11270.195,"end":11270.356},{"text":"our","start":11270.42,"end":11270.516},{"text":"goal","start":11270.516,"end":11270.661},{"text":"to","start":11270.773,"end":11270.934},{"text":"open","start":11271.143,"end":11271.319},{"text":"up","start":11271.319,"end":11271.416},{"text":"a","start":11271.416,"end":11271.48},{"text":"space","start":11271.48,"end":11271.753},{"text":"for","start":11271.865,"end":11271.994},{"text":"inclusive","start":11272.026,"end":11272.443},{"text":"reflections","start":11272.443,"end":11272.957},{"text":"to","start":11272.957,"end":11273.085},{"text":"establish","start":11273.085,"end":11273.439},{"text":"a","start":11273.503,"end":11273.631},{"text":"diagnostic","start":11273.631,"end":11274.45},{"text":"and","start":11274.45,"end":11274.659},{"text":"look","start":11275.558,"end":11275.671},{"text":"at","start":11275.735,"end":11275.895},{"text":"achievements","start":11275.895,"end":11276.554},{"text":"and","start":11276.554,"end":11276.859},{"text":"possibilities","start":11277.742,"end":11278.352},{"text":"for","start":11278.384,"end":11278.464},{"text":"international","start":11278.464,"end":11279.091},{"text":"action","start":11279.171,"end":11279.556},{"text":"on","start":11280.134,"end":11280.279},{"text":"the","start":11280.471,"end":11280.728},{"text":"link","start":11280.953,"end":11281.274},{"text":"between","start":11281.274,"end":11281.756},{"text":"natural","start":11281.756,"end":11282.029},{"text":"resources","start":11282.029,"end":11282.607},{"text":"and","start":11282.784,"end":11283.008},{"text":"peace.","start":11283.024,"end":11283.297}]},{"text":"I think our goal has been fully achieved.","start":11283.699,"end":11285.818,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11283.699,"end":11283.731},{"text":"think","start":11283.763,"end":11283.924},{"text":"our","start":11283.924,"end":11284.068},{"text":"goal","start":11284.068,"end":11284.229},{"text":"has","start":11284.229,"end":11284.341},{"text":"been","start":11284.389,"end":11284.486},{"text":"fully","start":11284.486,"end":11285.128},{"text":"achieved.","start":11285.128,"end":11285.818}]},{"text":"We have recognized a fundamental reality that natural resources themselves are not necessarily a source of conflict.","start":11286.894,"end":11293.895,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11286.894,"end":11287.055},{"text":"have","start":11287.055,"end":11287.151},{"text":"recognized","start":11287.199,"end":11287.633},{"text":"a","start":11287.633,"end":11287.681},{"text":"fundamental","start":11287.681,"end":11288.163},{"text":"reality","start":11288.163,"end":11288.548},{"text":"that","start":11288.58,"end":11288.708},{"text":"natural","start":11288.741,"end":11288.981},{"text":"resources","start":11288.981,"end":11289.511},{"text":"themselves","start":11289.624,"end":11290.154},{"text":"are","start":11290.41,"end":11290.507},{"text":"not","start":11290.507,"end":11290.78},{"text":"necessarily","start":11292.273,"end":11293.076},{"text":"a","start":11293.076,"end":11293.156},{"text":"source","start":11293.156,"end":11293.365},{"text":"of","start":11293.413,"end":11293.493},{"text":"conflict.","start":11293.542,"end":11293.895}]},{"text":"They can be a source of growth, employment, industrialization, and shared prosperity.","start":11293.943,"end":11298.021,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":11293.943,"end":11293.975},{"text":"can","start":11294.023,"end":11294.12},{"text":"be","start":11294.12,"end":11294.216},{"text":"a","start":11294.216,"end":11294.28},{"text":"source","start":11294.28,"end":11294.617},{"text":"of","start":11294.617,"end":11294.73},{"text":"growth,","start":11294.762,"end":11295.051},{"text":"employment,","start":11295.163,"end":11295.886},{"text":"industrialization,","start":11295.902,"end":11296.881},{"text":"and","start":11296.913,"end":11297.01},{"text":"shared","start":11297.01,"end":11297.379},{"text":"prosperity.","start":11297.395,"end":11298.021}]},{"text":"However, when they are not properly governed and their exploitation is not within the remit of the state authority, and when they finance armed groups or criminal networks, they can prolong conflicts, weaken institutions, and increase the human cost of conflicts.","start":11298.84,"end":11316.321,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":11298.84,"end":11299.418},{"text":"when","start":11299.82,"end":11300.028},{"text":"they","start":11301.104,"end":11301.232},{"text":"are","start":11301.264,"end":11301.345},{"text":"not","start":11301.345,"end":11301.569},{"text":"properly","start":11301.569,"end":11301.906},{"text":"governed","start":11301.971,"end":11302.693},{"text":"and","start":11302.693,"end":11303.48},{"text":"their","start":11303.512,"end":11303.624},{"text":"exploitation","start":11303.672,"end":11304.266},{"text":"is","start":11304.314,"end":11304.443},{"text":"not","start":11304.491,"end":11304.667},{"text":"within","start":11304.699,"end":11304.876},{"text":"the","start":11304.876,"end":11304.956},{"text":"remit","start":11304.956,"end":11305.245},{"text":"of","start":11305.374,"end":11305.438},{"text":"the","start":11305.454,"end":11305.534},{"text":"state","start":11305.534,"end":11305.855},{"text":"authority,","start":11305.855,"end":11306.385},{"text":"and","start":11306.401,"end":11306.481},{"text":"when","start":11306.481,"end":11306.69},{"text":"they","start":11306.802,"end":11307.589},{"text":"finance","start":11307.589,"end":11308.166},{"text":"armed","start":11308.231,"end":11308.536},{"text":"groups","start":11308.568,"end":11308.825},{"text":"or","start":11308.889,"end":11308.969},{"text":"criminal","start":11308.969,"end":11309.29},{"text":"networks,","start":11309.29,"end":11309.868},{"text":"they","start":11310.093,"end":11310.221},{"text":"can","start":11310.253,"end":11310.478},{"text":"prolong","start":11310.478,"end":11310.863},{"text":"conflicts,","start":11311.056,"end":11311.618},{"text":"weaken","start":11311.698,"end":11311.987},{"text":"institutions,","start":11312.035,"end":11312.789},{"text":"and","start":11313.608,"end":11313.752},{"text":"increase","start":11314.346,"end":11314.699},{"text":"the","start":11314.828,"end":11314.908},{"text":"human","start":11314.908,"end":11315.197},{"text":"cost","start":11315.374,"end":11315.646},{"text":"of","start":11315.646,"end":11315.759},{"text":"conflicts.","start":11315.791,"end":11316.321}]},{"text":"The question is therefore not only whether resources are available, looking at governance, where they are heading, and the profits from them.","start":11316.674,"end":11325.518,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11316.674,"end":11316.77},{"text":"question","start":11316.77,"end":11317.107},{"text":"is","start":11317.139,"end":11317.203},{"text":"therefore","start":11317.235,"end":11317.813},{"text":"not","start":11318.182,"end":11318.311},{"text":"only","start":11318.439,"end":11318.648},{"text":"whether","start":11318.68,"end":11319.065},{"text":"resources","start":11319.242,"end":11319.739},{"text":"are","start":11319.739,"end":11319.804},{"text":"available,","start":11319.804,"end":11320.43},{"text":"looking","start":11321.232,"end":11321.425},{"text":"at","start":11321.425,"end":11321.634},{"text":"governance,","start":11321.634,"end":11322.211},{"text":"where","start":11322.597,"end":11322.709},{"text":"they","start":11322.709,"end":11322.918},{"text":"are","start":11322.934,"end":11323.078},{"text":"heading,","start":11323.078,"end":11323.383},{"text":"and","start":11323.881,"end":11324.587},{"text":"the","start":11324.619,"end":11324.699},{"text":"profits","start":11324.699,"end":11325.181},{"text":"from","start":11325.181,"end":11325.341},{"text":"them.","start":11325.406,"end":11325.518}]},{"text":"That's important above and beyond the approaches that we've heard It's necessary to look at the need to reverse the trend where armed resources too often feed conflicts rather than serve peace, security, prosperity, sustainable development, and inclusive growth.","start":11325.582,"end":11342.626,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":11325.582,"end":11325.903},{"text":"important","start":11325.903,"end":11326.481},{"text":"above","start":11326.481,"end":11326.69},{"text":"and","start":11326.69,"end":11326.77},{"text":"beyond","start":11326.77,"end":11327.171},{"text":"the","start":11327.171,"end":11327.332},{"text":"approaches","start":11327.332,"end":11327.845},{"text":"that","start":11327.845,"end":11327.974},{"text":"we've","start":11327.974,"end":11328.134},{"text":"heard","start":11328.15,"end":11328.471},{"text":"It's","start":11329.037,"end":11329.199},{"text":"necessary","start":11329.199,"end":11329.733},{"text":"to","start":11329.765,"end":11330.105},{"text":"look","start":11330.412,"end":11330.736},{"text":"at","start":11330.736,"end":11330.881},{"text":"the","start":11330.881,"end":11330.962},{"text":"need","start":11330.978,"end":11331.14},{"text":"to","start":11331.14,"end":11331.447},{"text":"reverse","start":11331.544,"end":11332.094},{"text":"the","start":11332.094,"end":11332.191},{"text":"trend","start":11332.256,"end":11332.644},{"text":"where","start":11333.712,"end":11334.1},{"text":"armed","start":11334.925,"end":11335.119},{"text":"resources","start":11335.168,"end":11335.604},{"text":"too","start":11335.669,"end":11335.912},{"text":"often","start":11335.912,"end":11336.284},{"text":"feed","start":11336.3,"end":11336.688},{"text":"conflicts","start":11336.704,"end":11337.287},{"text":"rather","start":11337.287,"end":11337.594},{"text":"than","start":11337.594,"end":11337.74},{"text":"serve","start":11337.74,"end":11337.984},{"text":"peace,","start":11338.082,"end":11338.456},{"text":"security,","start":11338.684,"end":11339.287},{"text":"prosperity,","start":11339.483,"end":11340.102},{"text":"sustainable","start":11340.15,"end":11340.704},{"text":"development,","start":11340.704,"end":11341.437},{"text":"and","start":11341.584,"end":11341.665},{"text":"inclusive","start":11341.698,"end":11342.219},{"text":"growth.","start":11342.252,"end":11342.626}]},{"text":"Our discussions have also reaffirmed how important the permanent sovereignty of states is over their natural resources.","start":11344.08,"end":11350.896,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":11344.08,"end":11344.177},{"text":"discussions","start":11344.177,"end":11344.68},{"text":"have","start":11344.68,"end":11344.826},{"text":"also","start":11344.826,"end":11345.021},{"text":"reaffirmed","start":11345.07,"end":11345.654},{"text":"how","start":11345.719,"end":11345.897},{"text":"important","start":11345.913,"end":11346.725},{"text":"the","start":11347.342,"end":11347.423},{"text":"permanent","start":11347.52,"end":11348.023},{"text":"sovereignty","start":11348.023,"end":11348.591},{"text":"of","start":11348.591,"end":11348.673},{"text":"states","start":11348.721,"end":11349.078},{"text":"is","start":11349.143,"end":11349.354},{"text":"over","start":11349.695,"end":11349.809},{"text":"their","start":11349.809,"end":11349.955},{"text":"natural","start":11349.955,"end":11350.279},{"text":"resources.","start":11350.279,"end":11350.896}]},{"text":"We've shown that this can be exercised in an international environment based on transparency, cooperation, and shared responsibility.","start":11351.813,"end":11360.313,"topics":[{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We've","start":11351.813,"end":11351.975},{"text":"shown","start":11351.975,"end":11352.266},{"text":"that","start":11352.525,"end":11352.8},{"text":"this","start":11352.848,"end":11353.026},{"text":"can","start":11353.026,"end":11353.14},{"text":"be","start":11353.188,"end":11353.334},{"text":"exercised","start":11353.35,"end":11354.127},{"text":"in","start":11354.24,"end":11354.37},{"text":"an","start":11354.709,"end":11354.855},{"text":"international","start":11355.372,"end":11355.869},{"text":"environment","start":11355.869,"end":11356.511},{"text":"based","start":11357.04,"end":11357.361},{"text":"on","start":11357.377,"end":11357.425},{"text":"transparency,","start":11357.457,"end":11358.227},{"text":"cooperation,","start":11358.323,"end":11358.917},{"text":"and","start":11358.965,"end":11359.061},{"text":"shared","start":11359.061,"end":11359.35},{"text":"responsibility.","start":11359.382,"end":11360.313}]},{"text":"And this responsibility cannot lie only with producer countries.","start":11361.227,"end":11365.526,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11361.227,"end":11361.548},{"text":"this","start":11361.548,"end":11361.708},{"text":"responsibility","start":11361.708,"end":11362.559},{"text":"cannot","start":11363.072,"end":11363.665},{"text":"lie","start":11363.698,"end":11363.826},{"text":"only","start":11364.034,"end":11364.243},{"text":"with","start":11364.275,"end":11364.484},{"text":"producer","start":11364.5,"end":11364.997},{"text":"countries.","start":11364.997,"end":11365.526}]},{"text":"This responsibility concerns the whole of the value chain— transit countries and destination countries, those that purchase it, merchants, refiners, companies, financial institutions, and consumers.","start":11365.719,"end":11377.157,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":11365.719,"end":11365.879},{"text":"responsibility","start":11365.879,"end":11366.665},{"text":"concerns","start":11366.665,"end":11367.05},{"text":"the","start":11367.082,"end":11367.227},{"text":"whole","start":11367.227,"end":11367.355},{"text":"of","start":11367.403,"end":11367.467},{"text":"the","start":11367.467,"end":11367.564},{"text":"value","start":11367.564,"end":11367.933},{"text":"chain—","start":11367.949,"end":11368.254},{"text":"transit","start":11368.59,"end":11369.008},{"text":"countries","start":11369.008,"end":11369.457},{"text":"and","start":11369.489,"end":11369.569},{"text":"destination","start":11369.569,"end":11370.163},{"text":"countries,","start":11370.195,"end":11370.66},{"text":"those","start":11370.949,"end":11371.141},{"text":"that","start":11371.157,"end":11371.318},{"text":"purchase","start":11371.318,"end":11371.687},{"text":"it,","start":11371.815,"end":11372.04},{"text":"merchants,","start":11372.36,"end":11373.162},{"text":"refiners,","start":11373.243,"end":11373.868},{"text":"companies,","start":11374.462,"end":11375.072},{"text":"financial","start":11375.104,"end":11375.521},{"text":"institutions,","start":11375.569,"end":11376.275},{"text":"and","start":11376.451,"end":11376.596},{"text":"consumers.","start":11376.628,"end":11377.157}]},{"text":"Traceability can— it must not be a single responsibility.","start":11377.494,"end":11381.569,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}],"words":[{"text":"Traceability","start":11377.494,"end":11378.28},{"text":"can—","start":11378.954,"end":11379.162},{"text":"it","start":11379.515,"end":11379.82},{"text":"must","start":11379.82,"end":11380.029},{"text":"not","start":11380.061,"end":11380.157},{"text":"be","start":11380.157,"end":11380.301},{"text":"a","start":11380.301,"end":11380.317},{"text":"single","start":11380.317,"end":11380.702},{"text":"responsibility.","start":11380.702,"end":11381.569}]},{"text":"Our exchanges covered the Kimberley Process and the OECD guide on due diligence, sanctions regimes, experts groups, and regional certification mechanisms, in particular those developed in the Great Lakes region.","start":11382.547,"end":11395.678,"topics":[{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":11382.547,"end":11383.028},{"text":"exchanges","start":11383.124,"end":11383.814},{"text":"covered","start":11384.567,"end":11384.968},{"text":"the","start":11384.968,"end":11385.192},{"text":"Kimberley","start":11385.192,"end":11385.497},{"text":"Process","start":11385.529,"end":11386.17},{"text":"and","start":11386.17,"end":11386.395},{"text":"the","start":11386.395,"end":11386.603},{"text":"OECD","start":11386.651,"end":11387.357},{"text":"guide","start":11387.357,"end":11387.838},{"text":"on","start":11387.854,"end":11387.902},{"text":"due","start":11387.998,"end":11388.159},{"text":"diligence,","start":11388.159,"end":11388.543},{"text":"sanctions","start":11388.576,"end":11389.105},{"text":"regimes,","start":11389.137,"end":11389.666},{"text":"experts","start":11390.323,"end":11390.82},{"text":"groups,","start":11390.82,"end":11391.189},{"text":"and","start":11391.285,"end":11391.51},{"text":"regional","start":11391.606,"end":11391.911},{"text":"certification","start":11391.943,"end":11392.712},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":11392.728,"end":11393.305},{"text":"in","start":11393.37,"end":11393.434},{"text":"particular","start":11393.466,"end":11393.963},{"text":"those","start":11393.963,"end":11394.155},{"text":"developed","start":11394.203,"end":11394.54},{"text":"in","start":11394.588,"end":11394.652},{"text":"the","start":11394.652,"end":11394.748},{"text":"Great","start":11394.748,"end":11394.941},{"text":"Lakes","start":11395.053,"end":11395.374},{"text":"region.","start":11395.374,"end":11395.678}]},{"text":"These achievements are significant.","start":11396.208,"end":11398.372,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":11396.208,"end":11396.4},{"text":"achievements","start":11396.432,"end":11397.089},{"text":"are","start":11397.218,"end":11397.33},{"text":"significant.","start":11397.715,"end":11398.372}]},{"text":"However, their implementation is unequal and they are not properly linked to each other.","start":11398.42,"end":11403.407,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":11398.42,"end":11398.917},{"text":"their","start":11399.318,"end":11399.478},{"text":"implementation","start":11399.478,"end":11400.088},{"text":"is","start":11400.184,"end":11400.248},{"text":"unequal","start":11400.424,"end":11400.825},{"text":"and","start":11401.242,"end":11401.37},{"text":"they","start":11401.627,"end":11401.867},{"text":"are","start":11401.948,"end":11401.98},{"text":"not","start":11401.98,"end":11402.204},{"text":"properly","start":11402.204,"end":11402.525},{"text":"linked","start":11402.589,"end":11402.845},{"text":"to","start":11402.845,"end":11402.99},{"text":"each","start":11402.99,"end":11403.054},{"text":"other.","start":11403.166,"end":11403.407}]},{"text":"Certain participants have advocated for a more coherent regulatory framework and a more universal one.","start":11403.711,"end":11408.986,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Certain","start":11403.711,"end":11404.048},{"text":"participants","start":11404.048,"end":11404.994},{"text":"have","start":11404.994,"end":11405.09},{"text":"advocated","start":11405.09,"end":11405.699},{"text":"for","start":11405.715,"end":11405.828},{"text":"a","start":11405.828,"end":11405.876},{"text":"more","start":11405.876,"end":11406.052},{"text":"coherent","start":11406.052,"end":11406.533},{"text":"regulatory","start":11406.533,"end":11407.255},{"text":"framework","start":11407.255,"end":11407.896},{"text":"and","start":11407.896,"end":11407.992},{"text":"a","start":11407.992,"end":11408.04},{"text":"more","start":11408.04,"end":11408.233},{"text":"universal","start":11408.281,"end":11408.81},{"text":"one.","start":11408.858,"end":11408.986}]},{"text":"Others insisted on the needs to bolster as a priority existing instruments to avoid duplication and to preserve a flexible approach that is tailored to the multitude of situations we face.","start":11409.163,"end":11421.714,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"Others","start":11409.163,"end":11409.387},{"text":"insisted","start":11409.419,"end":11409.964},{"text":"on","start":11409.964,"end":11410.061},{"text":"the","start":11410.061,"end":11410.141},{"text":"needs","start":11410.141,"end":11410.51},{"text":"to","start":11410.51,"end":11410.782},{"text":"bolster","start":11411.343,"end":11411.888},{"text":"as","start":11411.968,"end":11412.048},{"text":"a","start":11412.08,"end":11412.096},{"text":"priority","start":11412.144,"end":11412.834},{"text":"existing","start":11413.026,"end":11413.459},{"text":"instruments","start":11413.507,"end":11414.068},{"text":"to","start":11414.068,"end":11414.228},{"text":"avoid","start":11414.228,"end":11414.693},{"text":"duplication","start":11414.693,"end":11415.318},{"text":"and","start":11415.911,"end":11415.975},{"text":"to","start":11416.152,"end":11416.392},{"text":"preserve","start":11416.392,"end":11416.841},{"text":"a","start":11416.953,"end":11417.017},{"text":"flexible","start":11417.017,"end":11417.642},{"text":"approach","start":11417.771,"end":11418.123},{"text":"that","start":11418.219,"end":11418.396},{"text":"is","start":11418.396,"end":11418.444},{"text":"tailored","start":11418.556,"end":11419.005},{"text":"to","start":11419.117,"end":11419.389},{"text":"the","start":11419.598,"end":11419.854},{"text":"multitude","start":11420.239,"end":11420.72},{"text":"of","start":11420.72,"end":11420.784},{"text":"situations","start":11420.784,"end":11421.329},{"text":"we","start":11421.361,"end":11421.441},{"text":"face.","start":11421.521,"end":11421.714}]},{"text":"These positions are not necessarily irreconcilable.","start":11422.082,"end":11424.887,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":11422.082,"end":11422.211},{"text":"positions","start":11422.323,"end":11422.772},{"text":"are","start":11422.82,"end":11422.884},{"text":"not","start":11422.884,"end":11422.996},{"text":"necessarily","start":11423.028,"end":11423.733},{"text":"irreconcilable.","start":11423.845,"end":11424.887}]},{"text":"They show a common concern.","start":11425.272,"end":11427.099,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":11425.272,"end":11425.432},{"text":"show","start":11425.432,"end":11425.849},{"text":"a","start":11426.314,"end":11426.394},{"text":"common","start":11426.394,"end":11426.586},{"text":"concern.","start":11426.651,"end":11427.099}]},{"text":"All future actions must bring true added value, improve coordination, and not impose any disproportionate burden on producer countries, on local communities, or on small-scale actors.","start":11427.596,"end":11444.519,"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":11427.596,"end":11427.66},{"text":"future","start":11427.676,"end":11428.157},{"text":"actions","start":11428.157,"end":11428.542},{"text":"must","start":11428.574,"end":11428.766},{"text":"bring","start":11428.798,"end":11429.023},{"text":"true","start":11429.359,"end":11429.696},{"text":"added","start":11429.84,"end":11430.161},{"text":"value,","start":11430.161,"end":11430.497},{"text":"improve","start":11430.898,"end":11431.427},{"text":"coordination,","start":11431.443,"end":11432.068},{"text":"and","start":11432.421,"end":11432.485},{"text":"not","start":11432.581,"end":11432.822},{"text":"impose","start":11432.822,"end":11433.431},{"text":"any","start":11433.623,"end":11433.751},{"text":"disproportionate","start":11433.863,"end":11434.745},{"text":"burden","start":11434.745,"end":11435.194},{"text":"on","start":11435.851,"end":11435.995},{"text":"producer","start":11436.108,"end":11436.524},{"text":"countries,","start":11436.572,"end":11436.957},{"text":"on","start":11437.069,"end":11437.197},{"text":"local","start":11437.214,"end":11437.534},{"text":"communities,","start":11437.55,"end":11438.159},{"text":"or","start":11438.577,"end":11438.77},{"text":"on","start":11439.221,"end":11439.447},{"text":"small-scale","start":11439.737,"end":11440.719},{"text":"actors.","start":11444.133,"end":11444.519}]},{"text":"It's necessary to ensure that we don't see the current fragmentation to become justification for not acting.","start":11445.131,"end":11452.893,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":11445.131,"end":11445.276},{"text":"necessary","start":11445.276,"end":11445.807},{"text":"to","start":11446.322,"end":11446.596},{"text":"ensure","start":11446.725,"end":11447.095},{"text":"that","start":11447.112,"end":11447.224},{"text":"we","start":11447.273,"end":11447.466},{"text":"don't","start":11447.514,"end":11447.74},{"text":"see","start":11447.74,"end":11448.029},{"text":"the","start":11448.335,"end":11448.416},{"text":"current","start":11448.48,"end":11448.77},{"text":"fragmentation","start":11448.819,"end":11449.672},{"text":"to","start":11449.865,"end":11450.026},{"text":"become","start":11450.026,"end":11450.526},{"text":"justification","start":11450.993,"end":11451.766},{"text":"for","start":11451.879,"end":11452.136},{"text":"not","start":11452.136,"end":11452.313},{"text":"acting.","start":11452.507,"end":11452.893}]},{"text":"Prudence nevertheless must not lead us to fail to act.","start":11453.409,"end":11457.114,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Prudence","start":11453.409,"end":11453.892},{"text":"nevertheless","start":11453.892,"end":11454.327},{"text":"must","start":11454.52,"end":11454.697},{"text":"not","start":11454.697,"end":11454.826},{"text":"lead","start":11454.922,"end":11455.116},{"text":"us","start":11455.116,"end":11455.261},{"text":"to","start":11455.261,"end":11455.985},{"text":"fail","start":11456.404,"end":11456.662},{"text":"to","start":11456.71,"end":11456.936},{"text":"act.","start":11456.936,"end":11457.114}]},{"text":"We must ensure that the resources that are financing arms, weakening institutions, and displacing communities do not continue to do so.","start":11457.6,"end":11465.259,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11457.6,"end":11457.762},{"text":"must","start":11457.762,"end":11458.037},{"text":"ensure","start":11458.085,"end":11458.668},{"text":"that","start":11458.879,"end":11459.025},{"text":"the","start":11459.041,"end":11459.122},{"text":"resources","start":11459.138,"end":11459.753},{"text":"that","start":11459.867,"end":11460.093},{"text":"are","start":11460.093,"end":11460.126},{"text":"financing","start":11460.126,"end":11460.644},{"text":"arms,","start":11460.903,"end":11461.21},{"text":"weakening","start":11461.324,"end":11461.664},{"text":"institutions,","start":11461.664,"end":11462.279},{"text":"and","start":11462.295,"end":11462.425},{"text":"displacing","start":11462.441,"end":11462.927},{"text":"communities","start":11462.927,"end":11463.477},{"text":"do","start":11464.077,"end":11464.174},{"text":"not","start":11464.174,"end":11464.319},{"text":"continue","start":11464.319,"end":11464.789},{"text":"to","start":11464.789,"end":11464.902},{"text":"do","start":11464.902,"end":11465.048},{"text":"so.","start":11465.048,"end":11465.259}]},{"text":"And we focus on governance.","start":11465.613,"end":11467.168,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11465.613,"end":11465.969},{"text":"we","start":11466.002,"end":11466.099},{"text":"focus","start":11466.099,"end":11466.487},{"text":"on","start":11466.487,"end":11466.633},{"text":"governance.","start":11466.73,"end":11467.168}]},{"text":"We must move from a logic of reaction to a true approach, a preventive approach.","start":11467.232,"end":11474.599,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11467.232,"end":11467.313},{"text":"must","start":11467.313,"end":11467.54},{"text":"move","start":11467.54,"end":11467.815},{"text":"from","start":11467.815,"end":11468.058},{"text":"a","start":11468.123,"end":11468.139},{"text":"logic","start":11468.204,"end":11468.593},{"text":"of","start":11468.593,"end":11468.739},{"text":"reaction","start":11469.338,"end":11469.953},{"text":"to","start":11470.05,"end":11470.326},{"text":"a","start":11470.39,"end":11470.407},{"text":"true","start":11470.552,"end":11470.909},{"text":"approach,","start":11471.508,"end":11471.735},{"text":"a","start":11473.56,"end":11473.576},{"text":"preventive","start":11473.642,"end":11474.236},{"text":"approach.","start":11474.236,"end":11474.599}]},{"text":"It must be gradual, inclusive, and realistic.","start":11474.714,"end":11476.924,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":11474.714,"end":11474.796},{"text":"must","start":11474.796,"end":11474.961},{"text":"be","start":11474.961,"end":11475.126},{"text":"gradual,","start":11475.192,"end":11475.72},{"text":"inclusive,","start":11475.786,"end":11476.363},{"text":"and","start":11476.379,"end":11476.577},{"text":"realistic.","start":11476.594,"end":11476.924}]},{"text":"Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, I wish to draw your attention that— to the fact that the principles and proposals and nuances expressed today are being listened to.","start":11478.432,"end":11493.521,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Excellencies,","start":11478.432,"end":11478.804},{"text":"ladies","start":11479.225,"end":11479.483},{"text":"and","start":11479.483,"end":11479.629},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":11479.629,"end":11480.098},{"text":"I","start":11480.373,"end":11480.487},{"text":"wish","start":11480.535,"end":11480.713},{"text":"to","start":11480.762,"end":11480.94},{"text":"draw","start":11480.94,"end":11481.134},{"text":"your","start":11481.247,"end":11481.457},{"text":"attention","start":11481.506,"end":11482.201},{"text":"that—","start":11483.69,"end":11484.013},{"text":"to","start":11486.343,"end":11486.44},{"text":"the","start":11486.44,"end":11486.521},{"text":"fact","start":11486.521,"end":11486.926},{"text":"that","start":11486.926,"end":11487.201},{"text":"the","start":11488.035,"end":11488.28},{"text":"principles","start":11488.753,"end":11489.307},{"text":"and","start":11489.34,"end":11489.487},{"text":"proposals","start":11489.487,"end":11490.204},{"text":"and","start":11490.318,"end":11490.53},{"text":"nuances","start":11490.873,"end":11491.346},{"text":"expressed","start":11491.46,"end":11491.851},{"text":"today","start":11491.851,"end":11492.194},{"text":"are","start":11492.617,"end":11492.795},{"text":"being","start":11492.795,"end":11492.924},{"text":"listened","start":11493.037,"end":11493.359},{"text":"to.","start":11493.359,"end":11493.521}]},{"text":"Natural resources can be a source of division, but they can also become a foundation for cooperation, trust, and lasting peace.","start":11493.602,"end":11500.751,"topics":[{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."}],"words":[{"text":"Natural","start":11493.602,"end":11493.94},{"text":"resources","start":11493.94,"end":11494.457},{"text":"can","start":11494.651,"end":11494.86},{"text":"be","start":11494.973,"end":11495.07},{"text":"a","start":11495.07,"end":11495.086},{"text":"source","start":11495.135,"end":11495.474},{"text":"of","start":11495.474,"end":11495.554},{"text":"division,","start":11495.554,"end":11495.99},{"text":"but","start":11496.426,"end":11496.523},{"text":"they","start":11496.523,"end":11496.668},{"text":"can","start":11496.668,"end":11496.878},{"text":"also","start":11496.894,"end":11497.233},{"text":"become","start":11497.233,"end":11497.588},{"text":"a","start":11497.943,"end":11497.975},{"text":"foundation","start":11497.975,"end":11498.508},{"text":"for","start":11498.508,"end":11498.669},{"text":"cooperation,","start":11498.669,"end":11499.299},{"text":"trust,","start":11499.412,"end":11499.815},{"text":"and","start":11499.896,"end":11499.96},{"text":"lasting","start":11500.122,"end":11500.509},{"text":"peace.","start":11500.541,"end":11500.751}]},{"text":"It's this collective choice that we have before us today.","start":11501.026,"end":11505.148,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":11501.026,"end":11501.51},{"text":"this","start":11501.51,"end":11501.639},{"text":"collective","start":11501.72,"end":11502.286},{"text":"choice","start":11502.383,"end":11502.884},{"text":"that","start":11503.288,"end":11503.612},{"text":"we","start":11503.919,"end":11504.016},{"text":"have","start":11504.016,"end":11504.356},{"text":"before","start":11504.421,"end":11504.76},{"text":"us","start":11504.809,"end":11504.906},{"text":"today.","start":11504.906,"end":11505.148}]},{"text":"And on that note, I adjourn this ARIA Formula meeting on the normative gap regarding natural resources and peace, foundations and prospects.","start":11505.714,"end":11516.554,"topics":[{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11505.714,"end":11505.86},{"text":"on","start":11505.86,"end":11505.957},{"text":"that","start":11505.957,"end":11506.07},{"text":"note,","start":11506.184,"end":11506.523},{"text":"I","start":11506.75,"end":11506.798},{"text":"adjourn","start":11507.089,"end":11507.461},{"text":"this","start":11507.736,"end":11507.866},{"text":"ARIA","start":11508.044,"end":11508.302},{"text":"Formula","start":11508.302,"end":11508.707},{"text":"meeting","start":11508.707,"end":11509.079},{"text":"on","start":11511.024,"end":11511.217},{"text":"the","start":11511.426,"end":11511.635},{"text":"normative","start":11511.844,"end":11512.262},{"text":"gap","start":11512.262,"end":11512.583},{"text":"regarding","start":11512.712,"end":11513.178},{"text":"natural","start":11513.21,"end":11513.5},{"text":"resources","start":11513.5,"end":11513.869},{"text":"and","start":11513.869,"end":11514.014},{"text":"peace,","start":11514.014,"end":11514.368},{"text":"foundations","start":11514.978,"end":11515.67},{"text":"and","start":11515.846,"end":11515.927},{"text":"prospects.","start":11516.087,"end":11516.554}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":11516.666,"end":11517.132,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11516.666,"end":11516.972},{"text":"you.","start":11516.972,"end":11517.132}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Minister of Foreign Affairs"}},{"statement_number":86,"start":11518.94,"pageUrl":"/en/asset/k1y/k1yapyur8k?t=11519","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":11518.94,"end":11520.877,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11518.94,"end":11520.336},{"text":"you","start":11520.336,"end":11520.418},{"text":"very","start":11520.418,"end":11520.598},{"text":"much.","start":11520.598,"end":11520.877}]},{"text":"Your Excellency, just one final note for those that made statements that haven't published them.","start":11521.237,"end":11531.532,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":11521.237,"end":11521.367},{"text":"Excellency,","start":11521.399,"end":11522.03},{"text":"just","start":11524.066,"end":11524.649},{"text":"one","start":11526.346,"end":11526.556},{"text":"final","start":11526.589,"end":11526.928},{"text":"note","start":11526.928,"end":11527.381},{"text":"for","start":11527.381,"end":11527.494},{"text":"those","start":11527.494,"end":11527.688},{"text":"that","start":11527.785,"end":11527.85},{"text":"made","start":11527.882,"end":11528.124},{"text":"statements","start":11528.124,"end":11528.965},{"text":"that","start":11530.476,"end":11530.639},{"text":"haven't","start":11530.639,"end":11530.947},{"text":"published","start":11530.947,"end":11531.37},{"text":"them.","start":11531.37,"end":11531.532}]},{"text":"If you can send them to us in writing, please, to sebanza2016@gmail.com.","start":11531.613,"end":11545.295,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"If","start":11531.613,"end":11531.727},{"text":"you","start":11531.759,"end":11531.857},{"text":"can","start":11531.857,"end":11532.084},{"text":"send","start":11532.084,"end":11532.344},{"text":"them","start":11532.344,"end":11532.458},{"text":"to","start":11532.507,"end":11532.62},{"text":"us","start":11532.653,"end":11532.831},{"text":"in","start":11532.831,"end":11532.88},{"text":"writing,","start":11532.978,"end":11533.367},{"text":"please,","start":11533.481,"end":11533.855},{"text":"to","start":11537.036,"end":11537.084},{"text":"sebanza2016@gmail.com.","start":11537.084,"end":11545.295}]},{"text":"So sebanza2016@gmail.com.","start":11546.392,"end":11547.132,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":11546.392,"end":11546.463},{"text":"sebanza2016@gmail.com.","start":11546.463,"end":11547.132}]},{"text":"2016@gmail.com, please.","start":11549.81,"end":11551.036,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"2016@gmail.com,","start":11549.81,"end":11550.611},{"text":"please.","start":11550.807,"end":11551.036}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":11551.15,"end":11551.853,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11551.15,"end":11551.379},{"text":"you","start":11551.379,"end":11551.461},{"text":"very","start":11551.461,"end":11551.64},{"text":"much.","start":11551.64,"end":11551.853}]},{"text":"The meeting is adjourned.","start":11553.994,"end":11555.041,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11553.994,"end":11554.076},{"text":"meeting","start":11554.076,"end":11554.42},{"text":"is","start":11554.42,"end":11554.518},{"text":"adjourned.","start":11554.518,"end":11555.041}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"Chair"}}],"topics":[{"key":"benefit-sharing","label":"Equitable Benefit Sharing and Value Addition","description":"A recurring issue was that producing countries and local communities must gain real development benefits from their resources, including jobs, infrastructure, services, and local processing. Speakers argued that without fair revenue sharing and value addition, extraction reproduces inequality and grievance instead of building peace."},{"key":"critical-minerals","label":"Critical Minerals and the Energy Transition","description":"The growing global demand for critical minerals for clean energy, digital technologies, defense, and advanced manufacturing was a major topic throughout the debate. Speakers noted that this demand creates both opportunities for development and new geopolitical, supply chain, and conflict risks if governance remains weak."},{"key":"state-sovereignty","label":"State Sovereignty Over Resources","description":"Many interventions insisted that any future framework must respect the permanent sovereignty of states over their natural resources and support nationally owned solutions. Several speakers warned against using resource governance as a pretext for political interference, discrimination, or excessive securitization."},{"key":"conflict-financing","label":"Conflict Financing Through Natural Resources","description":"A core theme was that illicit extraction and trafficking of minerals, timber, gold, and other resources continue to finance armed groups, criminal networks, and war economies. Speakers linked this directly to prolonged violence, weakened state authority, and harm to civilian populations, especially in the Great Lakes region and other conflict areas."},{"key":"framework-coherence","label":"Coherence of International and Regional Frameworks","description":"Numerous speakers described the current landscape of norms, initiatives, and mechanisms as fragmented and unevenly implemented. They called for better alignment among UN tools, regional organizations, national systems, and existing standards rather than duplicative or competing frameworks."},{"key":"resource-governance","label":"Natural Resource Governance","description":"Many speakers stressed that transparent, accountable, and capable governance of natural resources is the central condition for turning resource wealth into peace and stability rather than conflict. This included stronger institutions, clear regulations, anti-corruption measures, and better state control over extraction and trade."},{"key":"sanctions-monitoring","label":"Sanctions and Monitoring Mechanisms","description":"Several statements focused on the role of Security Council sanctions regimes, panels or groups of experts, and related monitoring tools in exposing and disrupting illicit resource flows. Speakers argued these mechanisms remain essential but need stronger continuity, enforcement, and follow-up to be effective."},{"key":"traceability-standards","label":"Traceability and Due Diligence Standards","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed certification, traceability, and due diligence systems such as the OECD guidance, Kimberley Process, and regional certification mechanisms. They emphasized both the value of these tools and the need to make them more credible, independent, coherent, and effective across the full supply chain."}]}}