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200 houses, as well as the care facility, were either destroyed or outright, outright destroyed or just damaged on the front lines in the Kherson 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people were killed, 60 others injured, and civilian casualties were also reported in Donetsk, Dnipro, Kharkiv, Odessa, Sumy, and the Zaporizhzhia 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join our humanitarian coordinator in Ukraine, Matthias Schmale, in reminding all parties that measures must be taken to protect 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humanitarian colleagues are responding following the attacks in the Kyiv region, WHO delivered medical supplies to hospitals treating the injured, while the Ukrainian Red Cross Society and several local NGOs with support from UN agencies provided mental health and psychosocial support, drinking water and cash 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and our humanitarian partners continue to reach people affected by hostilities despite the ongoing access 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area.","start":2563.59,"end":2570.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2563.59,"end":2563.75},{"text":"delivered","start":2563.75,"end":2564.23},{"text":"medical","start":2564.39,"end":2564.79},{"text":"supplies,","start":2564.79,"end":2565.35},{"text":"hygiene","start":2565.35,"end":2565.83},{"text":"kits","start":2565.83,"end":2566.23},{"text":"and","start":2566.23,"end":2566.35},{"text":"other","start":2566.35,"end":2566.55},{"text":"relief","start":2566.55,"end":2566.95},{"text":"items","start":2566.95,"end":2567.27},{"text":"to","start":2567.27,"end":2567.39},{"text":"about","start":2567.39,"end":2567.59},{"text":"700","start":2567.59,"end":2568.27},{"text":"residents","start":2568.27,"end":2568.87},{"text":"who","start":2569.11,"end":2569.27},{"text":"remain","start":2569.27,"end":2569.75},{"text":"in","start":2569.75,"end":2569.91},{"text":"the","start":2569.91,"end":2569.99},{"text":"area.","start":2570.07,"end":2570.55}]},{"text":"Turning to Sudan, our humanitarian colleagues warn that violence continues to endanger civilians, force thousands more people from their homes across the country.","start":2571.39,"end":2580.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":2571.39,"end":2571.63},{"text":"to","start":2571.63,"end":2571.79},{"text":"Sudan,","start":2571.79,"end":2572.51},{"text":"our","start":2572.51,"end":2573.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2573.27,"end":2573.91},{"text":"colleagues","start":2573.91,"end":2574.27},{"text":"warn","start":2574.27,"end":2574.51},{"text":"that","start":2574.51,"end":2574.67},{"text":"violence","start":2574.67,"end":2575.23},{"text":"continues","start":2575.23,"end":2575.83},{"text":"to","start":2575.83,"end":2575.99},{"text":"endanger","start":2575.99,"end":2576.51},{"text":"civilians,","start":2576.51,"end":2577.39},{"text":"force","start":2577.71,"end":2578.11},{"text":"thousands","start":2578.11,"end":2578.67},{"text":"more","start":2578.67,"end":2578.99},{"text":"people","start":2578.99,"end":2579.39},{"text":"from","start":2579.39,"end":2579.55},{"text":"their","start":2579.55,"end":2579.71},{"text":"homes","start":2579.71,"end":2580.03},{"text":"across","start":2580.03,"end":2580.39},{"text":"the","start":2580.39,"end":2580.47},{"text":"country.","start":2580.47,"end":2580.99}]},{"text":"In Blue Nile, local authorities report that nearly 22,000 people may have been displaced in the past seven days due to escalating fighting in the local locality of Gisan.","start":2581.31,"end":2592.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2581.31,"end":2581.47},{"text":"Blue","start":2581.47,"end":2581.79},{"text":"Nile,","start":2581.79,"end":2582.15},{"text":"local","start":2582.15,"end":2582.51},{"text":"authorities","start":2582.51,"end":2582.99},{"text":"report","start":2582.99,"end":2583.39},{"text":"that","start":2583.39,"end":2583.55},{"text":"nearly","start":2583.55,"end":2583.87},{"text":"22,000","start":2583.87,"end":2585.15},{"text":"people","start":2585.15,"end":2585.55},{"text":"may","start":2585.95,"end":2586.11},{"text":"have","start":2586.11,"end":2586.23},{"text":"been","start":2586.23,"end":2586.39},{"text":"displaced","start":2586.39,"end":2586.91},{"text":"in","start":2586.91,"end":2586.99},{"text":"the","start":2586.99,"end":2587.07},{"text":"past","start":2587.07,"end":2587.31},{"text":"seven","start":2587.31,"end":2587.87},{"text":"days","start":2588.27,"end":2588.67},{"text":"due","start":2588.67,"end":2588.87},{"text":"to","start":2588.87,"end":2588.95},{"text":"escalating","start":2588.95,"end":2589.55},{"text":"fighting","start":2589.55,"end":2589.95},{"text":"in","start":2589.95,"end":2590.03},{"text":"the","start":2590.03,"end":2590.11},{"text":"local","start":2590.11,"end":2590.79},{"text":"locality","start":2590.79,"end":2591.27},{"text":"of","start":2591.27,"end":2591.47},{"text":"Gisan.","start":2591.51,"end":2592.11}]},{"text":"Many are sheltering in schools or fled to other areas, including towards the state capital.","start":2592.43,"end":2597.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":2592.43,"end":2592.83},{"text":"are","start":2592.83,"end":2592.91},{"text":"sheltering","start":2592.91,"end":2593.47},{"text":"in","start":2593.47,"end":2593.59},{"text":"schools","start":2593.59,"end":2594.19},{"text":"or","start":2594.43,"end":2594.59},{"text":"fled","start":2594.59,"end":2594.91},{"text":"to","start":2594.91,"end":2595.15},{"text":"other","start":2595.15,"end":2595.39},{"text":"areas,","start":2595.39,"end":2595.79},{"text":"including","start":2595.79,"end":2596.35},{"text":"towards","start":2596.35,"end":2596.67},{"text":"the","start":2596.67,"end":2596.75},{"text":"state","start":2596.75,"end":2597.07},{"text":"capital.","start":2597.07,"end":2597.63}]},{"text":"In North Kordofan, attacks on Saturday on villages in northeast and northwest of the capital, El Obeid, reportedly caused casualties and 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day earlier, drone strike in the eastern part of the city also reportedly caused casualties.","start":2612.35,"end":2617.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2612.35,"end":2612.39},{"text":"day","start":2612.39,"end":2612.59},{"text":"earlier,","start":2612.59,"end":2613.07},{"text":"drone","start":2613.07,"end":2613.31},{"text":"strike","start":2613.31,"end":2613.63},{"text":"in","start":2613.63,"end":2613.75},{"text":"the","start":2613.75,"end":2613.83},{"text":"eastern","start":2613.83,"end":2614.27},{"text":"part","start":2614.27,"end":2614.47},{"text":"of","start":2614.47,"end":2614.55},{"text":"the","start":2614.55,"end":2614.63},{"text":"city","start":2614.63,"end":2614.91},{"text":"also","start":2614.91,"end":2615.23},{"text":"reportedly","start":2615.23,"end":2615.99},{"text":"caused","start":2616.51,"end":2616.75},{"text":"casualties.","start":2616.83,"end":2617.87}]},{"text":"The International Organization for Migration reports that increased insecurity in North Kordofan yesterday displaced some 450 people.","start":2618.19,"end":2626.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2618.19,"end":2618.31},{"text":"International","start":2618.31,"end":2618.87},{"text":"Organization","start":2618.87,"end":2619.55},{"text":"for","start":2619.55,"end":2619.71},{"text":"Migration","start":2619.71,"end":2620.39},{"text":"reports","start":2620.39,"end":2620.79},{"text":"that","start":2620.79,"end":2620.91},{"text":"increased","start":2620.91,"end":2621.35},{"text":"insecurity","start":2621.35,"end":2621.99},{"text":"in","start":2621.99,"end":2622.07},{"text":"North","start":2622.07,"end":2622.27},{"text":"Kordofan","start":2622.27,"end":2622.87},{"text":"yesterday","start":2622.87,"end":2623.39},{"text":"displaced","start":2623.75,"end":2624.31},{"text":"some","start":2624.31,"end":2624.43},{"text":"450","start":2624.43,"end":2625.87},{"text":"people.","start":2625.87,"end":2626.27}]},{"text":"And in West Darfur state, civilians were reportedly killed and injured last Thursday, when a drone strike hit a fuel market in a town near the border with Chad.","start":2626.79,"end":2635.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2626.79,"end":2626.91},{"text":"in","start":2626.91,"end":2626.99},{"text":"West","start":2626.99,"end":2627.43},{"text":"Darfur","start":2627.43,"end":2627.87},{"text":"state,","start":2627.87,"end":2628.35},{"text":"civilians","start":2628.35,"end":2628.83},{"text":"were","start":2628.83,"end":2628.99},{"text":"reportedly","start":2628.99,"end":2629.43},{"text":"killed","start":2629.43,"end":2629.79},{"text":"and","start":2629.79,"end":2629.91},{"text":"injured","start":2629.91,"end":2630.31},{"text":"last","start":2630.31,"end":2630.63},{"text":"Thursday,","start":2630.63,"end":2631.15},{"text":"when","start":2631.47,"end":2631.71},{"text":"a","start":2631.71,"end":2631.75},{"text":"drone","start":2631.75,"end":2632.11},{"text":"strike","start":2632.11,"end":2632.55},{"text":"hit","start":2632.55,"end":2632.71},{"text":"a","start":2632.71,"end":2632.75},{"text":"fuel","start":2632.75,"end":2633.15},{"text":"market","start":2633.15,"end":2633.63},{"text":"in","start":2633.63,"end":2633.79},{"text":"a","start":2633.79,"end":2633.83},{"text":"town","start":2633.83,"end":2634.15},{"text":"near","start":2634.15,"end":2634.35},{"text":"the","start":2634.35,"end":2634.47},{"text":"border","start":2634.47,"end":2634.83},{"text":"with","start":2634.83,"end":2634.99},{"text":"Chad.","start":2634.99,"end":2635.47}]},{"text":"The attack also damaged civilian property.","start":2635.87,"end":2639.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2635.87,"end":2635.99},{"text":"attack","start":2635.99,"end":2636.35},{"text":"also","start":2636.35,"end":2636.67},{"text":"damaged","start":2636.67,"end":2637.27},{"text":"civilian","start":2638.11,"end":2638.67},{"text":"property.","start":2638.67,"end":2639.31}]},{"text":"And in South Kordofan, renewed fighting around two towns in recent days.","start":2639.67,"end":2643.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2639.67,"end":2639.79},{"text":"in","start":2639.79,"end":2639.95},{"text":"South","start":2639.95,"end":2640.27},{"text":"Kordofan,","start":2640.27,"end":2641.07},{"text":"renewed","start":2641.07,"end":2641.47},{"text":"fighting","start":2641.47,"end":2641.87},{"text":"around","start":2641.87,"end":2642.11},{"text":"two","start":2642.11,"end":2642.35},{"text":"towns","start":2642.35,"end":2642.75},{"text":"in","start":2642.75,"end":2642.83},{"text":"recent","start":2642.83,"end":2643.19},{"text":"days.","start":2643.19,"end":2643.55}]},{"text":"has also forced families to be displaced.","start":2644.03,"end":2647.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"has","start":2644.03,"end":2644.31},{"text":"also","start":2644.31,"end":2644.79},{"text":"forced","start":2644.79,"end":2645.27},{"text":"families","start":2645.51,"end":2645.99},{"text":"to","start":2645.99,"end":2646.15},{"text":"be","start":2646.15,"end":2646.31},{"text":"displaced.","start":2646.31,"end":2647.03}]},{"text":"Meanwhile, a humanitarian coordinator for Sudan, Denise Brown, said today the detention of humanitarian personnel by non-state armed groups is unacceptable.","start":2647.51,"end":2657.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Meanwhile,","start":2647.51,"end":2647.95},{"text":"a","start":2647.95,"end":2647.99},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2647.99,"end":2648.67},{"text":"coordinator","start":2648.67,"end":2649.31},{"text":"for","start":2649.31,"end":2649.43},{"text":"Sudan,","start":2649.43,"end":2649.91},{"text":"Denise","start":2649.91,"end":2650.31},{"text":"Brown,","start":2650.31,"end":2650.79},{"text":"said","start":2651.11,"end":2651.39},{"text":"today","start":2651.39,"end":2651.67},{"text":"the","start":2651.67,"end":2651.83},{"text":"detention","start":2651.83,"end":2652.47},{"text":"of","start":2652.47,"end":2652.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2652.55,"end":2653.59},{"text":"personnel","start":2653.75,"end":2654.23},{"text":"by","start":2654.23,"end":2654.47},{"text":"non-state","start":2654.47,"end":2655.43},{"text":"armed","start":2655.59,"end":2655.91},{"text":"groups","start":2655.91,"end":2656.31},{"text":"is","start":2656.31,"end":2656.55},{"text":"unacceptable.","start":2656.63,"end":2657.59}]},{"text":"In a statement, she warned that an increasing number of aid workers are being detained, endangering humanitarian personnel, disrupting critical humanitarian 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called for their immediate and unconditional release.","start":2666.79,"end":2670.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"She","start":2666.79,"end":2666.99},{"text":"called","start":2666.99,"end":2667.19},{"text":"for","start":2667.19,"end":2667.35},{"text":"their","start":2667.35,"end":2667.55},{"text":"immediate","start":2667.55,"end":2668.15},{"text":"and","start":2668.23,"end":2668.47},{"text":"unconditional","start":2668.55,"end":2669.59},{"text":"release.","start":2669.83,"end":2670.47}]},{"text":"We once again call on all parties to protect civilians civilian infrastructure, respect international humanitarian law, and allow humanitarian organizations to operate safely and 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to the occupied Palestinian territory, we continue to remain very concerned about the impact on civilians and because of the continued Israeli airstrikes and other military attacks over the weekend in Gaza.","start":2683.35,"end":2698.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":2683.35,"end":2683.83},{"text":"to","start":2683.83,"end":2684.07},{"text":"the","start":2684.07,"end":2684.19},{"text":"occupied","start":2684.19,"end":2684.71},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2684.71,"end":2685.19},{"text":"territory,","start":2685.19,"end":2685.99},{"text":"we","start":2687.35,"end":2687.59},{"text":"continue","start":2687.75,"end":2688.39},{"text":"to","start":2688.39,"end":2688.51},{"text":"remain","start":2688.51,"end":2688.95},{"text":"very","start":2688.95,"end":2689.19},{"text":"concerned","start":2689.19,"end":2689.67},{"text":"about","start":2689.67,"end":2689.83},{"text":"the","start":2689.83,"end":2689.95},{"text":"impact","start":2689.95,"end":2690.55},{"text":"on","start":2691.23,"end":2691.35},{"text":"civilians","start":2691.35,"end":2692.07},{"text":"and","start":2692.07,"end":2692.27},{"text":"because","start":2693.63,"end":2693.91},{"text":"of","start":2693.91,"end":2693.99},{"text":"the","start":2693.99,"end":2694.07},{"text":"continued","start":2694.07,"end":2694.71},{"text":"Israeli","start":2694.71,"end":2695.27},{"text":"airstrikes","start":2695.27,"end":2695.91},{"text":"and","start":2695.91,"end":2696.07},{"text":"other","start":2696.07,"end":2696.23},{"text":"military","start":2696.23,"end":2696.71},{"text":"attacks","start":2696.71,"end":2697.19},{"text":"over","start":2697.51,"end":2697.71},{"text":"the","start":2697.71,"end":2697.83},{"text":"weekend","start":2697.83,"end":2698.23},{"text":"in","start":2698.23,"end":2698.31},{"text":"Gaza.","start":2698.31,"end":2698.87}]},{"text":"We're particularly concerned about reports that a young boy was among the fatalities and also one of the strikes damaged items at the Al-Aqsa Hospital compound in Dar 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and civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, of course, must always be protected.","start":2710.95,"end":2717.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Civilians","start":2710.95,"end":2711.83},{"text":"and","start":2711.83,"end":2712.15},{"text":"civilian","start":2712.15,"end":2712.87},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":2713.27,"end":2714.07},{"text":"including","start":2714.07,"end":2714.55},{"text":"hospitals,","start":2714.55,"end":2715.19},{"text":"of","start":2715.19,"end":2715.35},{"text":"course,","start":2715.35,"end":2715.67},{"text":"must","start":2715.67,"end":2715.95},{"text":"always","start":2716.23,"end":2716.79},{"text":"be","start":2716.79,"end":2717.11},{"text":"protected.","start":2717.19,"end":2717.91}]},{"text":"They should not be attacked or used for military purposes.","start":2718.15,"end":2721.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2718.15,"end":2718.27},{"text":"should","start":2718.27,"end":2718.47},{"text":"not","start":2718.47,"end":2718.67},{"text":"be","start":2718.67,"end":2718.87},{"text":"attacked","start":2718.87,"end":2719.35},{"text":"or","start":2719.35,"end":2719.59},{"text":"used","start":2719.59,"end":2719.95},{"text":"for","start":2719.95,"end":2720.07},{"text":"military","start":2720.07,"end":2720.71},{"text":"purposes.","start":2720.71,"end":2721.51}]},{"text":"Meanwhile, we in our humanitarian partners in Gaza continue preparing for the rainy season.","start":2721.91,"end":2726.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Meanwhile,","start":2721.91,"end":2722.39},{"text":"we","start":2722.39,"end":2722.63},{"text":"in","start":2722.63,"end":2722.71},{"text":"our","start":2722.71,"end":2722.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2722.83,"end":2723.55},{"text":"partners","start":2723.63,"end":2723.91},{"text":"in","start":2723.91,"end":2724.07},{"text":"Gaza","start":2724.07,"end":2724.39},{"text":"continue","start":2724.39,"end":2725.11},{"text":"preparing","start":2725.19,"end":2725.67},{"text":"for","start":2725.67,"end":2725.83},{"text":"the","start":2725.83,"end":2725.91},{"text":"rainy","start":2725.91,"end":2726.23},{"text":"season.","start":2726.23,"end":2726.79}]},{"text":"Over the weekend, municipalities in Gaza informed our colleagues that they had mapped the needs related to flood risks in hundreds of localities across 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humanitarian partners warned that efforts to support people ahead of the winter are hampered by insufficient funding, limits on the approval on volumes of items entering Gaza, and shortages of engine oil, spare parts, and heavy machinery, as we've been telling you 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are also constrained because of most of Gaza's land remains inaccessible, including areas that are less vulnerable to flooding and that could be used to set up 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to the West Bank, our colleagues on the ground say that is settler related violence continues over the weekend with incidents involving theft, arson, vandalism and attacks and confrontation in multiple areas resulting in in property damage and 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Saturday, Israeli settlers stoned a house in Kusrah village, less than half a kilometer from where three families have been isolated following the establishment of a new settlement outpost a few weeks 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north to Lebanon, our colleagues at the peacekeeping mission there continue to observe extensive IDF activity inside the 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recent days, peacekeepers have recorded significant IDF artillery activity across the missions of our area of operations, across the Blue Line, and at sea, as well as troop deployments, engineering works, and position 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our UNIFIL colleagues reported unguarded ammunition stockpiles in Sector East, possibly originating from an IDF firing 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nine humanitarian missions, eight in sector west and one in sector 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Jean Arnault, the special coordinator at interim for Lebanon, just completed his visit to New York.","start":2861.55,"end":2868.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Separately,","start":2861.55,"end":2862.11},{"text":"Jean","start":2862.11,"end":2862.27},{"text":"Arnault,","start":2862.27,"end":2862.67},{"text":"the","start":2862.67,"end":2862.87},{"text":"special","start":2862.91,"end":2863.39},{"text":"coordinator","start":2863.39,"end":2864.07},{"text":"at","start":2864.07,"end":2864.27},{"text":"interim","start":2864.27,"end":2864.75},{"text":"for","start":2865.47,"end":2865.87},{"text":"Lebanon,","start":2865.87,"end":2866.67},{"text":"just","start":2866.67,"end":2866.91},{"text":"completed","start":2866.91,"end":2867.47},{"text":"his","start":2867.47,"end":2867.63},{"text":"visit","start":2867.63,"end":2867.99},{"text":"to","start":2867.99,"end":2868.11},{"text":"New","start":2868.11,"end":2868.27},{"text":"York.","start":2868.27,"end":2868.75}]},{"text":"As you know, he briefed the 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ensure substantial international presence in the southern Lebanon following the end of UNIFIL's mandate to help avoid a security 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now back in Beirut where he'll continue to engage with Lebanese parties.","start":2901.91,"end":2905.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"He's","start":2901.91,"end":2902.11},{"text":"now","start":2902.11,"end":2902.35},{"text":"back","start":2902.35,"end":2902.67},{"text":"in","start":2902.67,"end":2902.75},{"text":"Beirut","start":2902.75,"end":2903.31},{"text":"where","start":2903.31,"end":2903.47},{"text":"he'll","start":2903.47,"end":2903.71},{"text":"continue","start":2903.71,"end":2904.19},{"text":"to","start":2904.19,"end":2904.31},{"text":"engage","start":2904.31,"end":2904.63},{"text":"with","start":2904.63,"end":2904.75},{"text":"Lebanese","start":2904.75,"end":2905.15},{"text":"parties.","start":2905.15,"end":2905.71}]},{"text":"He'll also continue to outreach to regional and international stakeholders in a position to contribute in particularly the strengthening of the Lebanese Armed Forces as a key actor in safeguarding Lebanon's internal stability, Lebanon's independence, and Lebanon's territorial 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quick update on Ebola and from Rwanda, our humanitarian colleagues tell us that we and our partners continue to support the government led efforts to strengthen preparedness for 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you know anything about this?","start":3401.99,"end":3404.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":3401.99,"end":3402.23},{"text":"you","start":3402.63,"end":3402.75},{"text":"know","start":3402.75,"end":3403.11},{"text":"anything","start":3403.11,"end":3403.59},{"text":"about","start":3403.59,"end":3403.83},{"text":"this?","start":3403.83,"end":3404.19}]},{"text":"And does the Secretary General have any comment on that?","start":3404.19,"end":3407.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3404.19,"end":3404.59},{"text":"does","start":3404.59,"end":3404.75},{"text":"the","start":3404.75,"end":3404.83},{"text":"Secretary","start":3404.83,"end":3405.35},{"text":"General","start":3405.35,"end":3405.99},{"text":"have","start":3406.47,"end":3406.59},{"text":"any","start":3406.59,"end":3406.71},{"text":"comment","start":3406.71,"end":3406.95},{"text":"on","start":3406.99,"end":3407.07},{"text":"that?","start":3407.07,"end":3407.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Muna 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Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Global","start":3593.99,"end":3594.39},{"text":"sea","start":3594.39,"end":3594.75},{"text":"level","start":3594.75,"end":3595.19},{"text":"rose","start":3595.43,"end":3595.83},{"text":"by","start":3595.83,"end":3595.99},{"text":"4.7","start":3595.99,"end":3596.91},{"text":"millimeters","start":3596.91,"end":3597.75},{"text":"a","start":3599.19,"end":3599.27},{"text":"year","start":3599.27,"end":3599.43},{"text":"between","start":3599.43,"end":3599.67},{"text":"2014","start":3599.67,"end":3600.71},{"text":"and","start":3600.71,"end":3600.83},{"text":"2023,","start":3600.83,"end":3601.59},{"text":"but","start":3601.59,"end":3601.83},{"text":"in","start":3602.15,"end":3602.31},{"text":"2024,","start":3602.31,"end":3603.35},{"text":"it","start":3604.07,"end":3604.19},{"text":"reached","start":3604.19,"end":3604.67},{"text":"a","start":3604.67,"end":3604.71},{"text":"record","start":3604.71,"end":3605.15},{"text":"of","start":3605.15,"end":3605.27},{"text":"5.9","start":3605.27,"end":3606.31},{"text":"millimeters.","start":3606.31,"end":3607.19}]},{"text":"And it's not a future risk anymore.","start":3609.35,"end":3612.63,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3609.35,"end":3609.67},{"text":"it's","start":3610.99,"end":3611.27},{"text":"not","start":3611.27,"end":3611.43},{"text":"a","start":3611.43,"end":3611.51},{"text":"future","start":3611.51,"end":3611.87},{"text":"risk","start":3611.87,"end":3612.15},{"text":"anymore.","start":3612.15,"end":3612.63}]},{"text":"It's present and accelerating.","start":3613.71,"end":3615.43,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":3613.71,"end":3613.99},{"text":"present","start":3613.99,"end":3614.55},{"text":"and","start":3614.55,"end":3614.67},{"text":"accelerating.","start":3614.67,"end":3615.43}]},{"text":"Second, This is not just an environmental challenge, it's a development emergency.","start":3616.07,"end":3621.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":3616.07,"end":3616.63},{"text":"This","start":3617.15,"end":3617.47},{"text":"is","start":3617.47,"end":3617.63},{"text":"not","start":3617.63,"end":3617.91},{"text":"just","start":3617.91,"end":3618.15},{"text":"an","start":3618.15,"end":3618.27},{"text":"environmental","start":3618.27,"end":3618.91},{"text":"challenge,","start":3618.91,"end":3619.43},{"text":"it's","start":3619.87,"end":3620.11},{"text":"a","start":3620.11,"end":3620.19},{"text":"development","start":3620.19,"end":3620.83},{"text":"emergency.","start":3620.83,"end":3621.55}]},{"text":"Nearly one in ten people worldwide already live in several coastal areas less than five meters above the high tide line.","start":3622.75,"end":3631.79,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Nearly","start":3622.75,"end":3623.15},{"text":"one","start":3623.15,"end":3623.47},{"text":"in","start":3623.47,"end":3623.55},{"text":"ten","start":3623.55,"end":3623.87},{"text":"people","start":3623.87,"end":3624.43},{"text":"worldwide","start":3624.83,"end":3625.47},{"text":"already","start":3625.47,"end":3625.79},{"text":"live","start":3625.79,"end":3626.03},{"text":"in","start":3626.03,"end":3626.19},{"text":"several","start":3626.19,"end":3626.67},{"text":"coastal","start":3626.75,"end":3627.23},{"text":"areas","start":3627.27,"end":3627.71},{"text":"less","start":3628.27,"end":3628.59},{"text":"than","start":3628.59,"end":3628.83},{"text":"five","start":3628.83,"end":3629.23},{"text":"meters","start":3629.23,"end":3629.87},{"text":"above","start":3630.35,"end":3630.75},{"text":"the","start":3630.75,"end":3630.83},{"text":"high","start":3630.83,"end":3631.07},{"text":"tide","start":3631.07,"end":3631.39},{"text":"line.","start":3631.39,"end":3631.79}]},{"text":"Rising sea threatens homes, livelihoods, ports, transport, energy, water systems, and public finances.","start":3633.71,"end":3644.59,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Rising","start":3633.71,"end":3634.19},{"text":"sea","start":3634.19,"end":3634.43},{"text":"threatens","start":3634.43,"end":3634.99},{"text":"homes,","start":3634.99,"end":3635.63},{"text":"livelihoods,","start":3636.51,"end":3637.55},{"text":"ports,","start":3638.75,"end":3639.39},{"text":"transport,","start":3639.55,"end":3640.35},{"text":"energy,","start":3640.67,"end":3641.39},{"text":"water","start":3641.71,"end":3642.19},{"text":"systems,","start":3642.19,"end":3642.83},{"text":"and","start":3643.23,"end":3643.43},{"text":"public","start":3643.43,"end":3643.79},{"text":"finances.","start":3643.79,"end":3644.59}]},{"text":"The economic costs are already enormous.","start":3646.07,"end":3648.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3646.07,"end":3646.11},{"text":"economic","start":3646.15,"end":3646.67},{"text":"costs","start":3646.83,"end":3647.15},{"text":"are","start":3647.15,"end":3647.23},{"text":"already","start":3647.23,"end":3647.87},{"text":"enormous.","start":3647.87,"end":3648.51}]},{"text":"Coastal infrastructure damage has exceeded $1.8 trillion.","start":3649.39,"end":3652.59,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Coastal","start":3649.39,"end":3649.83},{"text":"infrastructure","start":3649.83,"end":3650.67},{"text":"damage","start":3650.67,"end":3651.11},{"text":"has","start":3651.11,"end":3651.23},{"text":"exceeded","start":3651.23,"end":3651.83},{"text":"$1.8","start":3651.83,"end":3651.87},{"text":"trillion.","start":3651.87,"end":3652.59}]},{"text":"Small island developing states suffered an estimated $153 billion in climate-related losses between 1970 and 2020.","start":3654.67,"end":3663.95,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. 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Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":3667.71,"end":3668.03},{"text":"message","start":3668.03,"end":3668.51},{"text":"is","start":3668.51,"end":3668.75},{"text":"we","start":3670.03,"end":3670.19},{"text":"cannot","start":3670.19,"end":3670.59},{"text":"stop","start":3670.59,"end":3670.99},{"text":"sea","start":3670.99,"end":3671.15},{"text":"level","start":3671.15,"end":3671.39},{"text":"rise","start":3671.39,"end":3671.87},{"text":"this","start":3672.11,"end":3672.39},{"text":"century.","start":3672.39,"end":3672.91}]},{"text":"But we can determine how much worse it becomes.","start":3674.15,"end":3676.35,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. 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They referred to the Paris Agreement, the importance of staying as close as possible to 1.5°C, and the need for a fast transition away from fossil fuels toward renewables and greater energy efficiency."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":3689.23,"end":3689.39},{"text":"beyond","start":3689.39,"end":3689.83},{"text":"that,","start":3689.83,"end":3690.03},{"text":"our","start":3690.03,"end":3690.27},{"text":"choices","start":3690.27,"end":3691.07},{"text":"enormously","start":3691.55,"end":3692.31},{"text":"matter.","start":3692.31,"end":3692.71}]},{"text":"Keeping global warming as close as possible to 1.5 degrees remains critical.","start":3695.15,"end":3700.59,"topics":[{"key":"emissions-reductions","label":"Emissions Reductions","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked sea-level rise to the need for rapid cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. They referred to the Paris Agreement, the importance of staying as close as possible to 1.5°C, and the need for a fast transition away from fossil fuels toward renewables and greater energy efficiency."}],"words":[{"text":"Keeping","start":3695.15,"end":3695.79},{"text":"global","start":3695.83,"end":3696.19},{"text":"warming","start":3696.19,"end":3696.59},{"text":"as","start":3696.59,"end":3696.79},{"text":"close","start":3696.79,"end":3697.19},{"text":"as","start":3697.19,"end":3697.31},{"text":"possible","start":3697.31,"end":3697.95},{"text":"to","start":3697.95,"end":3698.07},{"text":"1.5","start":3698.11,"end":3698.59},{"text":"degrees","start":3698.59,"end":3699.15},{"text":"remains","start":3699.55,"end":3700.03},{"text":"critical.","start":3700.03,"end":3700.59}]},{"text":"So what should we do about it?","start":3702.27,"end":3703.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3702.27,"end":3702.31},{"text":"what","start":3702.31,"end":3702.51},{"text":"should","start":3702.51,"end":3702.67},{"text":"we","start":3702.67,"end":3702.83},{"text":"do","start":3702.83,"end":3702.99},{"text":"about","start":3702.99,"end":3703.39},{"text":"it?","start":3703.39,"end":3703.55}]},{"text":"First, adaptation is urgent, but unfortunately it is seriously underfunded.","start":3703.71,"end":3710.99,"topics":[{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. The discussion emphasized that the problem is not a lack of knowledge, but insufficient investment in resilience, early warning systems, and protective infrastructure."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3703.71,"end":3704.27},{"text":"adaptation","start":3704.75,"end":3705.55},{"text":"is","start":3705.55,"end":3705.71},{"text":"urgent,","start":3705.71,"end":3706.43},{"text":"but","start":3707.63,"end":3707.91},{"text":"unfortunately","start":3707.91,"end":3708.79},{"text":"it","start":3708.79,"end":3708.91},{"text":"is","start":3708.91,"end":3709.31},{"text":"seriously","start":3709.55,"end":3710.23},{"text":"underfunded.","start":3710.23,"end":3710.99}]},{"text":"Countries need better sea level monitoring, stronger data, science, early warning systems.","start":3712.51,"end":3719.31,"topics":[{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. The discussion emphasized that the problem is not a lack of knowledge, but insufficient investment in resilience, early warning systems, and protective infrastructure."},{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"Countries","start":3712.51,"end":3712.91},{"text":"need","start":3712.91,"end":3713.31},{"text":"better","start":3713.55,"end":3713.91},{"text":"sea","start":3713.91,"end":3714.11},{"text":"level","start":3714.11,"end":3714.35},{"text":"monitoring,","start":3714.35,"end":3715.15},{"text":"stronger","start":3715.55,"end":3716.11},{"text":"data,","start":3716.11,"end":3716.83},{"text":"science,","start":3717.31,"end":3718.03},{"text":"early","start":3718.03,"end":3718.35},{"text":"warning","start":3718.35,"end":3718.67},{"text":"systems.","start":3718.67,"end":3719.31}]},{"text":"Developing countries alone need $310 to $365 billion a year for adaptation.","start":3720.31,"end":3729.31,"topics":[{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. The discussion emphasized that the problem is not a lack of knowledge, but insufficient investment in resilience, early warning systems, and protective infrastructure."}],"words":[{"text":"Developing","start":3720.31,"end":3720.75},{"text":"countries","start":3720.75,"end":3721.31},{"text":"alone","start":3721.31,"end":3722.11},{"text":"need","start":3722.75,"end":3723.31},{"text":"$310","start":3723.63,"end":3723.67},{"text":"to","start":3723.71,"end":3724.83},{"text":"$365","start":3726.43,"end":3726.47},{"text":"billion","start":3726.47,"end":3726.99},{"text":"a","start":3727.15,"end":3727.23},{"text":"year","start":3728.03,"end":3728.35},{"text":"for","start":3728.35,"end":3728.55},{"text":"adaptation.","start":3728.55,"end":3729.31}]},{"text":"and they are getting last year, but in 2023, $26 billion.","start":3730.35,"end":3734.75,"topics":[{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. 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The discussion emphasized that the problem is not a lack of knowledge, but insufficient investment in resilience, early warning systems, and protective infrastructure."},{"key":"climate-displacement","label":"Climate Displacement","description":"Participants discussed how sea-level rise is already forcing people to move in some island and coastal regions. 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The topic covered not only physical relocation, but also the loss of livelihoods, identity, culture, and human rights linked to ancestral land."}],"words":[{"text":"Actually,","start":3773.07,"end":3773.39},{"text":"people","start":3773.39,"end":3773.67},{"text":"are","start":3773.67,"end":3773.75},{"text":"already","start":3773.75,"end":3773.99},{"text":"being","start":3773.99,"end":3774.15},{"text":"displaced","start":3774.15,"end":3774.71},{"text":"in","start":3774.71,"end":3774.87},{"text":"Fiji,","start":3774.87,"end":3775.27},{"text":"Vanuatu","start":3775.27,"end":3775.83},{"text":"and","start":3776.27,"end":3776.71},{"text":"Solomon","start":3776.79,"end":3777.35},{"text":"Islands.","start":3777.35,"end":3777.91}]},{"text":"We need to stop asking only what happens after the next flood.","start":3778.71,"end":3784.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3778.71,"end":3778.83},{"text":"need","start":3778.83,"end":3779.07},{"text":"to","start":3779.07,"end":3779.15},{"text":"stop","start":3779.15,"end":3779.51},{"text":"asking","start":3779.51,"end":3780.23},{"text":"only","start":3782.23,"end":3782.43},{"text":"what","start":3782.43,"end":3782.71},{"text":"happens","start":3782.71,"end":3783.11},{"text":"after","start":3783.11,"end":3783.43},{"text":"the","start":3783.43,"end":3783.51},{"text":"next","start":3783.51,"end":3783.83},{"text":"flood.","start":3783.83,"end":3784.31}]},{"text":"The objective must be to reduce the avoidable, not simply respond to the inevitable.","start":3785.35,"end":3792.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3785.35,"end":3785.47},{"text":"objective","start":3785.47,"end":3785.91},{"text":"must","start":3785.91,"end":3786.15},{"text":"be","start":3786.15,"end":3786.23},{"text":"to","start":3786.23,"end":3786.31},{"text":"reduce","start":3786.31,"end":3786.95},{"text":"the","start":3789.19,"end":3789.39},{"text":"avoidable,","start":3789.39,"end":3789.99},{"text":"not","start":3789.99,"end":3790.35},{"text":"simply","start":3790.35,"end":3790.87},{"text":"respond","start":3790.87,"end":3791.39},{"text":"to","start":3791.39,"end":3791.51},{"text":"the","start":3791.51,"end":3791.71},{"text":"inevitable.","start":3792.07,"end":3792.79}]},{"text":"And that is the core message of this report.","start":3793.43,"end":3795.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3793.43,"end":3793.63},{"text":"that","start":3793.63,"end":3793.83},{"text":"is","start":3793.83,"end":3793.95},{"text":"the","start":3793.95,"end":3794.07},{"text":"core","start":3794.07,"end":3794.31},{"text":"message","start":3794.31,"end":3794.71},{"text":"of","start":3794.71,"end":3794.79},{"text":"this","start":3794.79,"end":3795.03},{"text":"report.","start":3795.03,"end":3795.59}]},{"text":"The sea level is rising, our resilience, our financing, and our ambition must rise faster.","start":3796.07,"end":3803.99,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."},{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. The discussion emphasized that the problem is not a lack of knowledge, but insufficient investment in resilience, early warning systems, and protective infrastructure."},{"key":"emissions-reductions","label":"Emissions Reductions","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked sea-level rise to the need for rapid cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. They referred to the Paris Agreement, the importance of staying as close as possible to 1.5°C, and the need for a fast transition away from fossil fuels toward renewables and greater energy efficiency."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3796.07,"end":3796.19},{"text":"sea","start":3796.19,"end":3796.43},{"text":"level","start":3796.43,"end":3796.75},{"text":"is","start":3796.79,"end":3797.03},{"text":"rising,","start":3797.03,"end":3797.59},{"text":"our","start":3798.07,"end":3798.19},{"text":"resilience,","start":3798.19,"end":3799.11},{"text":"our","start":3799.35,"end":3799.59},{"text":"financing,","start":3799.59,"end":3800.39},{"text":"and","start":3801.03,"end":3801.35},{"text":"our","start":3801.59,"end":3801.83},{"text":"ambition","start":3801.83,"end":3802.27},{"text":"must","start":3802.27,"end":3802.51},{"text":"rise","start":3802.51,"end":3802.95},{"text":"faster.","start":3803.35,"end":3803.99}]},{"text":"I just want to flag for you, during this 81st session, there is going to be a political declaration on sea level rise.","start":3804.63,"end":3812.39,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. 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Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"that","start":3813.07,"end":3813.15},{"text":"will","start":3813.15,"end":3813.27},{"text":"be","start":3813.27,"end":3813.35},{"text":"adopted","start":3813.35,"end":3813.91},{"text":"here,","start":3813.91,"end":3814.03},{"text":"and","start":3814.03,"end":3814.31},{"text":"it","start":3814.31,"end":3814.47},{"text":"reflects","start":3814.47,"end":3814.95},{"text":"a","start":3814.95,"end":3814.99},{"text":"shared","start":3814.99,"end":3815.31},{"text":"commitment","start":3815.31,"end":3815.91},{"text":"by","start":3816.23,"end":3816.35},{"text":"member","start":3816.39,"end":3816.79},{"text":"states","start":3816.79,"end":3817.35},{"text":"to","start":3818.15,"end":3818.27},{"text":"translate","start":3818.31,"end":3818.87},{"text":"science","start":3818.87,"end":3819.23},{"text":"into","start":3819.23,"end":3819.47},{"text":"action.","start":3819.47,"end":3820.07}]},{"text":"And we are hoping this will be a big push to this question that it is whether our preparedness will rise fast enough to save these people who are at very high risk.","start":3820.83,"end":3835.99,"topics":[{"key":"adaptation-finance","label":"Adaptation Finance","description":"Several speakers highlighted the major funding gap for climate adaptation, particularly for developing countries facing coastal and flood-related risks. 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Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":3848.39,"end":3848.71},{"text":"here","start":3848.71,"end":3849.27},{"text":"from","start":3849.27,"end":3849.67},{"text":"the","start":3849.67,"end":3849.79},{"text":"UN","start":3849.79,"end":3850.31},{"text":"Office","start":3850.31,"end":3850.71},{"text":"of","start":3850.71,"end":3850.87},{"text":"Legal","start":3850.87,"end":3851.15},{"text":"Affairs","start":3851.15,"end":3851.63},{"text":"to","start":3851.63,"end":3851.87},{"text":"talk","start":3851.87,"end":3852.39},{"text":"about","start":3852.95,"end":3853.43},{"text":"the","start":3853.43,"end":3853.63},{"text":"important","start":3853.63,"end":3854.51},{"text":"international","start":3854.51,"end":3855.31},{"text":"law","start":3855.31,"end":3855.59},{"text":"section","start":3855.59,"end":3856.31},{"text":"of","start":3856.83,"end":3856.95},{"text":"this","start":3856.95,"end":3857.19},{"text":"report.","start":3857.19,"end":3857.91}]},{"text":"And I think it's a compliment to the the discussion of the serious impacts of sea level rise that we've already heard.","start":3858.67,"end":3865.83,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. 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Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3865.83,"end":3866.23},{"text":"how","start":3867.91,"end":3868.15},{"text":"is","start":3868.15,"end":3868.39},{"text":"international","start":3868.39,"end":3869.07},{"text":"law","start":3869.07,"end":3869.27},{"text":"relevant","start":3869.27,"end":3869.91},{"text":"here?","start":3869.91,"end":3870.31}]},{"text":"I think that it provides another way of framing the problems, but also tools potentially for addressing them.","start":3871.35,"end":3878.79,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3871.35,"end":3871.43},{"text":"think","start":3871.43,"end":3871.71},{"text":"that","start":3871.71,"end":3871.91},{"text":"it","start":3871.91,"end":3872.07},{"text":"provides","start":3872.07,"end":3872.87},{"text":"another","start":3873.19,"end":3873.67},{"text":"way","start":3873.67,"end":3873.87},{"text":"of","start":3873.87,"end":3873.99},{"text":"framing","start":3873.99,"end":3874.63},{"text":"the","start":3874.63,"end":3874.71},{"text":"problems,","start":3874.71,"end":3875.51},{"text":"but","start":3875.75,"end":3875.99},{"text":"also","start":3875.99,"end":3876.47},{"text":"tools","start":3876.47,"end":3877.11},{"text":"potentially","start":3877.31,"end":3877.79},{"text":"for","start":3877.79,"end":3878.07},{"text":"addressing","start":3878.07,"end":3878.55},{"text":"them.","start":3878.55,"end":3878.79}]},{"text":"So I mean, maybe in terms of framing, as seas rise, states are facing the possibility of substantial loss of territory.","start":3879.19,"end":3889.35,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."},{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3879.19,"end":3879.67},{"text":"I","start":3879.67,"end":3879.75},{"text":"mean,","start":3879.75,"end":3879.91},{"text":"maybe","start":3879.91,"end":3880.19},{"text":"in","start":3880.19,"end":3880.31},{"text":"terms","start":3880.31,"end":3880.59},{"text":"of","start":3880.59,"end":3880.71},{"text":"framing,","start":3880.71,"end":3881.27},{"text":"as","start":3882.47,"end":3882.63},{"text":"seas","start":3882.63,"end":3883.03},{"text":"rise,","start":3883.03,"end":3883.67},{"text":"states","start":3884.15,"end":3884.71},{"text":"are","start":3884.71,"end":3884.95},{"text":"facing","start":3884.95,"end":3885.39},{"text":"the","start":3885.39,"end":3885.51},{"text":"possibility","start":3885.51,"end":3886.39},{"text":"of","start":3886.99,"end":3887.03},{"text":"substantial","start":3887.03,"end":3887.95},{"text":"loss","start":3887.95,"end":3888.35},{"text":"of","start":3888.35,"end":3888.47},{"text":"territory.","start":3888.47,"end":3889.35}]},{"text":"We've already heard about the 0.5 meter that's already locked in and in some cases even complete submergence, right?","start":3889.35,"end":3896.47,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"We've","start":3889.35,"end":3889.51},{"text":"already","start":3889.51,"end":3889.79},{"text":"heard","start":3889.79,"end":3890.03},{"text":"about","start":3890.03,"end":3890.23},{"text":"the","start":3890.23,"end":3890.55},{"text":"0.5","start":3890.55,"end":3890.95},{"text":"meter","start":3890.95,"end":3891.27},{"text":"that's","start":3891.27,"end":3891.55},{"text":"already","start":3891.55,"end":3891.79},{"text":"locked","start":3891.79,"end":3892.15},{"text":"in","start":3892.15,"end":3892.47},{"text":"and","start":3892.87,"end":3893.11},{"text":"in","start":3893.11,"end":3893.19},{"text":"some","start":3893.19,"end":3893.43},{"text":"cases","start":3893.43,"end":3893.91},{"text":"even","start":3893.91,"end":3894.23},{"text":"complete","start":3894.23,"end":3894.79},{"text":"submergence,","start":3894.79,"end":3895.83},{"text":"right?","start":3896.15,"end":3896.47}]},{"text":"In terms of other areas of international law, states also measure their maritime zones from the coastline, yet the coastlines are moving.","start":3898.31,"end":3907.67,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3898.31,"end":3898.47},{"text":"terms","start":3898.47,"end":3898.79},{"text":"of","start":3898.79,"end":3898.95},{"text":"other","start":3898.95,"end":3899.27},{"text":"areas","start":3899.27,"end":3899.67},{"text":"of","start":3899.67,"end":3899.79},{"text":"international","start":3899.79,"end":3900.63},{"text":"law,","start":3900.63,"end":3900.71},{"text":"states","start":3900.87,"end":3901.43},{"text":"also","start":3901.43,"end":3901.75},{"text":"measure","start":3901.75,"end":3902.15},{"text":"their","start":3902.15,"end":3902.39},{"text":"maritime","start":3902.39,"end":3903.03},{"text":"zones","start":3903.03,"end":3903.83},{"text":"from","start":3904.87,"end":3905.19},{"text":"the","start":3905.19,"end":3905.27},{"text":"coastline,","start":3905.27,"end":3905.91},{"text":"yet","start":3906.23,"end":3906.47},{"text":"the","start":3906.47,"end":3906.59},{"text":"coastlines","start":3906.59,"end":3907.15},{"text":"are","start":3907.15,"end":3907.27},{"text":"moving.","start":3907.27,"end":3907.67}]},{"text":"So what does this mean for states and also for the people who are affected?","start":3908.31,"end":3912.23,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."},{"key":"climate-displacement","label":"Climate Displacement","description":"Participants discussed how sea-level rise is already forcing people to move in some island and coastal regions. The topic covered not only physical relocation, but also the loss of livelihoods, identity, culture, and human rights linked to ancestral land."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3908.31,"end":3908.43},{"text":"what","start":3908.43,"end":3908.63},{"text":"does","start":3908.63,"end":3908.79},{"text":"this","start":3908.79,"end":3908.95},{"text":"mean","start":3908.95,"end":3909.19},{"text":"for","start":3909.19,"end":3909.35},{"text":"states","start":3909.35,"end":3909.83},{"text":"and","start":3909.83,"end":3910.31},{"text":"also","start":3910.31,"end":3910.55},{"text":"for","start":3910.55,"end":3910.71},{"text":"the","start":3910.71,"end":3910.79},{"text":"people","start":3910.79,"end":3911.19},{"text":"who","start":3911.19,"end":3911.35},{"text":"are","start":3911.35,"end":3911.51},{"text":"affected?","start":3911.51,"end":3912.23}]},{"text":"I think this report from a legal perspective is quite interesting because it hits on three key areas.","start":3912.79,"end":3919.83,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3912.79,"end":3912.8},{"text":"think","start":3912.79,"end":3913.03},{"text":"this","start":3913.03,"end":3913.27},{"text":"report","start":3913.27,"end":3913.75},{"text":"from","start":3913.75,"end":3914.03},{"text":"a","start":3914.03,"end":3914.07},{"text":"legal","start":3914.07,"end":3914.47},{"text":"perspective","start":3914.47,"end":3915.35},{"text":"is","start":3915.35,"end":3915.67},{"text":"quite","start":3915.67,"end":3915.99},{"text":"interesting","start":3915.99,"end":3916.79},{"text":"because","start":3917.19,"end":3917.51},{"text":"it","start":3917.51,"end":3917.91},{"text":"hits","start":3917.91,"end":3918.15},{"text":"on","start":3918.15,"end":3918.39},{"text":"three","start":3918.39,"end":3918.87},{"text":"key","start":3918.87,"end":3919.35},{"text":"areas.","start":3919.35,"end":3919.83}]},{"text":"The first one is the report is quite clear that there is a presumption of continued statehood for countries that are facing land territory changes due to sea level rise.","start":3919.83,"end":3933.27,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."},{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3919.83,"end":3919.91},{"text":"first","start":3919.91,"end":3920.23},{"text":"one","start":3920.23,"end":3920.71},{"text":"is","start":3921.83,"end":3922.15},{"text":"the","start":3922.15,"end":3922.27},{"text":"report","start":3922.27,"end":3922.71},{"text":"is","start":3922.71,"end":3923.27},{"text":"quite","start":3923.27,"end":3923.55},{"text":"clear","start":3923.55,"end":3923.91},{"text":"that","start":3923.91,"end":3924.07},{"text":"there","start":3924.07,"end":3924.39},{"text":"is","start":3924.39,"end":3924.95},{"text":"a","start":3925.59,"end":3925.63},{"text":"presumption","start":3925.63,"end":3926.47},{"text":"of","start":3926.47,"end":3926.71},{"text":"continued","start":3926.71,"end":3927.43},{"text":"statehood","start":3927.43,"end":3928.15},{"text":"for","start":3928.87,"end":3929.11},{"text":"countries","start":3929.11,"end":3929.67},{"text":"that","start":3929.67,"end":3929.83},{"text":"are","start":3929.83,"end":3929.91},{"text":"facing","start":3929.91,"end":3930.47},{"text":"land","start":3930.47,"end":3930.83},{"text":"territory","start":3930.83,"end":3931.43},{"text":"changes","start":3931.43,"end":3932.07},{"text":"due","start":3932.07,"end":3932.27},{"text":"to","start":3932.27,"end":3932.35},{"text":"sea","start":3932.35,"end":3932.63},{"text":"level","start":3932.63,"end":3932.95},{"text":"rise.","start":3932.95,"end":3933.27}]},{"text":"So even countries that might become submerged at some point.","start":3933.27,"end":3937.19,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea-Level Rise","description":"A central focus of the proceeding was the accelerating rise in global sea levels, especially its effects on coastal areas, infrastructure, and vulnerable populations. Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3933.27,"end":3933.51},{"text":"even","start":3933.51,"end":3933.83},{"text":"countries","start":3933.83,"end":3934.47},{"text":"that","start":3934.79,"end":3935.03},{"text":"might","start":3935.03,"end":3935.35},{"text":"become","start":3935.35,"end":3935.83},{"text":"submerged","start":3935.83,"end":3936.51},{"text":"at","start":3936.51,"end":3936.63},{"text":"some","start":3936.63,"end":3936.79},{"text":"point.","start":3936.79,"end":3937.19}]},{"text":"This is essential because the loss of the physical territory could raise questions about nationality.","start":3938.55,"end":3948.39,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. 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Speakers stressed that sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat but a present and worsening consequence of climate change."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":3961.35,"end":3961.39},{"text":"second","start":3961.39,"end":3961.59},{"text":"kind","start":3961.59,"end":3962.03},{"text":"of","start":3962.03,"end":3962.15},{"text":"area","start":3962.15,"end":3962.59},{"text":"of","start":3962.59,"end":3962.79},{"text":"international","start":3962.79,"end":3963.59},{"text":"law","start":3963.91,"end":3964.39},{"text":"in","start":3964.39,"end":3964.59},{"text":"this","start":3964.59,"end":3964.71},{"text":"report","start":3964.71,"end":3965.27},{"text":"is","start":3965.67,"end":3965.99},{"text":"the","start":3965.99,"end":3966.11},{"text":"need","start":3966.11,"end":3966.47},{"text":"to","start":3966.47,"end":3966.63},{"text":"maintain","start":3966.63,"end":3967.67},{"text":"the","start":3967.99,"end":3968.11},{"text":"established","start":3968.15,"end":3968.87},{"text":"maritime","start":3968.87,"end":3969.51},{"text":"zones","start":3969.51,"end":3970.31},{"text":"in","start":3971.35,"end":3971.51},{"text":"the","start":3971.51,"end":3971.59},{"text":"face","start":3971.59,"end":3971.95},{"text":"of","start":3971.95,"end":3972.07},{"text":"the","start":3972.07,"end":3972.15},{"text":"physical","start":3972.15,"end":3972.71},{"text":"change","start":3972.71,"end":3973.19},{"text":"that","start":3973.19,"end":3973.35},{"text":"sea","start":3973.35,"end":3973.59},{"text":"level","start":3973.59,"end":3973.87},{"text":"rise","start":3973.87,"end":3974.23},{"text":"brings.","start":3974.23,"end":3974.67}]},{"text":"So those zones, as I mentioned, are measured from the coastline, the waterline.","start":3974.67,"end":3979.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":3974.67,"end":3974.83},{"text":"those","start":3974.83,"end":3975.15},{"text":"zones,","start":3975.15,"end":3975.47},{"text":"as","start":3975.47,"end":3975.59},{"text":"I","start":3975.59,"end":3975.67},{"text":"mentioned,","start":3975.67,"end":3976.07},{"text":"are","start":3976.07,"end":3976.15},{"text":"measured","start":3976.15,"end":3976.63},{"text":"from","start":3976.63,"end":3977.11},{"text":"the","start":3977.59,"end":3977.71},{"text":"coastline,","start":3977.71,"end":3978.43},{"text":"the","start":3978.43,"end":3978.55},{"text":"waterline.","start":3978.55,"end":3979.19}]},{"text":"If the waterline changes, what are the legal implications of that?","start":3979.19,"end":3982.15,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. 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The topic covered not only physical relocation, but also the loss of livelihoods, identity, culture, and human rights linked to ancestral land."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":3999.35,"end":3999.47},{"text":"the","start":3999.47,"end":3999.55},{"text":"enjoyment","start":3999.55,"end":4000.07},{"text":"of","start":4000.07,"end":4000.23},{"text":"their","start":4000.23,"end":4000.47},{"text":"fundamental","start":4000.47,"end":4001.19},{"text":"human","start":4001.19,"end":4001.51},{"text":"rights.","start":4001.51,"end":4001.95}]},{"text":"So this report calls for legal solutions, policy measures, as well as more international cooperation to address the protection of persons.","start":4001.95,"end":4011.35,"topics":[{"key":"climate-displacement","label":"Climate Displacement","description":"Participants discussed how sea-level rise is already forcing people to move in some island and coastal regions. 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The topic covered not only physical relocation, but also the loss of livelihoods, identity, culture, and human rights linked to ancestral land."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4012.07,"end":4012.27},{"text":"that's","start":4012.27,"end":4012.71},{"text":"an","start":4012.71,"end":4012.79},{"text":"important","start":4012.79,"end":4013.39},{"text":"human","start":4013.39,"end":4013.75},{"text":"rights","start":4013.75,"end":4014.07},{"text":"question","start":4014.07,"end":4014.71},{"text":"as","start":4014.87,"end":4015.03},{"text":"well.","start":4015.03,"end":4015.27}]},{"text":"So as I mentioned, the idea here is that Despite the changes that can be brought about by this phenomenon, that are changes that are very disturbing and are really some of the core challenges of our time, the values of legal stability, predictability, legal certainty should be at the core of what the international community does, not only because it's fundamentally important for the states involved, but 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I'll just end by highlighting an important area which has to do with capacity building, technical assistance to help advance legal clarity, to help strengthen governance.","start":4049.55,"end":4060.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Maybe","start":4049.55,"end":4049.75},{"text":"I'll","start":4049.75,"end":4049.95},{"text":"just","start":4049.95,"end":4050.27},{"text":"end","start":4050.27,"end":4050.55},{"text":"by","start":4050.55,"end":4050.83},{"text":"highlighting","start":4050.83,"end":4051.55},{"text":"an","start":4051.59,"end":4051.67},{"text":"important","start":4051.67,"end":4052.11},{"text":"area","start":4052.11,"end":4052.39},{"text":"which","start":4052.39,"end":4052.83},{"text":"has","start":4052.83,"end":4053.07},{"text":"to","start":4053.07,"end":4053.15},{"text":"do","start":4053.15,"end":4053.31},{"text":"with","start":4053.31,"end":4053.47},{"text":"capacity","start":4053.47,"end":4054.07},{"text":"building,","start":4054.07,"end":4054.59},{"text":"technical","start":4054.67,"end":4055.23},{"text":"assistance","start":4055.23,"end":4056.11},{"text":"to","start":4056.99,"end":4057.19},{"text":"help","start":4057.19,"end":4057.47},{"text":"advance","start":4057.47,"end":4057.99},{"text":"legal","start":4057.99,"end":4058.27},{"text":"clarity,","start":4058.27,"end":4058.91},{"text":"to","start":4058.91,"end":4059.03},{"text":"help","start":4059.03,"end":4059.47},{"text":"strengthen","start":4059.63,"end":4060.19},{"text":"governance.","start":4060.19,"end":4060.91}]},{"text":"Here in the Office of Legal Affairs, we work on helping states deposit their baselines, deposit their outer limits of their maritime zones and boundaries.","start":4061.39,"end":4072.59,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"Here","start":4061.39,"end":4061.71},{"text":"in","start":4061.71,"end":4061.79},{"text":"the","start":4061.79,"end":4061.91},{"text":"Office","start":4061.91,"end":4062.31},{"text":"of","start":4062.31,"end":4062.43},{"text":"Legal","start":4062.43,"end":4062.67},{"text":"Affairs,","start":4062.67,"end":4063.39},{"text":"we","start":4064.35,"end":4064.67},{"text":"work","start":4064.67,"end":4065.07},{"text":"on","start":4065.15,"end":4065.47},{"text":"helping","start":4065.47,"end":4065.95},{"text":"states","start":4065.95,"end":4066.59},{"text":"deposit","start":4066.91,"end":4067.47},{"text":"their","start":4067.47,"end":4067.63},{"text":"baselines,","start":4067.63,"end":4068.43},{"text":"deposit","start":4068.43,"end":4068.87},{"text":"their","start":4068.87,"end":4069.15},{"text":"outer","start":4069.15,"end":4069.39},{"text":"limits","start":4069.39,"end":4069.75},{"text":"of","start":4069.75,"end":4069.83},{"text":"their","start":4069.83,"end":4070.03},{"text":"maritime","start":4070.03,"end":4070.59},{"text":"zones","start":4070.59,"end":4071.31},{"text":"and","start":4071.55,"end":4071.79},{"text":"boundaries.","start":4071.79,"end":4072.59}]},{"text":"in line with the Convention on the Law of the Sea.","start":4073.27,"end":4075.27,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"in","start":4073.27,"end":4073.43},{"text":"line","start":4073.43,"end":4073.67},{"text":"with","start":4073.67,"end":4073.83},{"text":"the","start":4073.83,"end":4073.91},{"text":"Convention","start":4073.91,"end":4074.43},{"text":"on","start":4074.43,"end":4074.55},{"text":"the","start":4074.55,"end":4074.63},{"text":"Law","start":4074.63,"end":4074.83},{"text":"of","start":4074.83,"end":4074.91},{"text":"the","start":4074.91,"end":4074.99},{"text":"Sea.","start":4074.99,"end":4075.27}]},{"text":"So that's one example of how the UN is really, practically speaking, advising states in dealing with some of the implications of these phenomenon.","start":4075.27,"end":4083.83,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4075.27,"end":4075.39},{"text":"that's","start":4075.39,"end":4075.67},{"text":"one","start":4075.67,"end":4075.91},{"text":"example","start":4075.91,"end":4076.71},{"text":"of","start":4077.15,"end":4077.35},{"text":"how","start":4077.35,"end":4077.67},{"text":"the","start":4077.67,"end":4077.79},{"text":"UN","start":4077.79,"end":4078.15},{"text":"is","start":4078.15,"end":4078.31},{"text":"really,","start":4078.31,"end":4078.79},{"text":"practically","start":4079.03,"end":4079.59},{"text":"speaking,","start":4079.59,"end":4080.07},{"text":"advising","start":4080.07,"end":4080.63},{"text":"states","start":4080.63,"end":4081.03},{"text":"in","start":4081.03,"end":4081.19},{"text":"dealing","start":4081.19,"end":4081.51},{"text":"with","start":4081.51,"end":4081.67},{"text":"some","start":4081.67,"end":4081.83},{"text":"of","start":4081.83,"end":4081.95},{"text":"the","start":4081.95,"end":4082.03},{"text":"implications","start":4082.03,"end":4082.75},{"text":"of","start":4082.75,"end":4082.87},{"text":"these","start":4082.87,"end":4083.11},{"text":"phenomenon.","start":4083.11,"end":4083.83}]},{"text":"We are, of course, happy to help all of our colleagues across the UN as they continue to work to address this serious problem.","start":4084.87,"end":4092.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4084.87,"end":4085.07},{"text":"are,","start":4085.07,"end":4085.15},{"text":"of","start":4085.15,"end":4085.27},{"text":"course,","start":4085.27,"end":4085.59},{"text":"happy","start":4085.59,"end":4085.91},{"text":"to","start":4085.91,"end":4086.03},{"text":"help","start":4086.03,"end":4086.47},{"text":"all","start":4086.79,"end":4087.07},{"text":"of","start":4087.07,"end":4087.15},{"text":"our","start":4087.15,"end":4087.27},{"text":"colleagues","start":4087.27,"end":4087.63},{"text":"across","start":4087.63,"end":4087.99},{"text":"the","start":4087.99,"end":4088.15},{"text":"UN","start":4088.15,"end":4088.63},{"text":"as","start":4089.11,"end":4089.35},{"text":"they","start":4089.35,"end":4089.43},{"text":"continue","start":4089.43,"end":4089.91},{"text":"to","start":4089.91,"end":4090.15},{"text":"work","start":4090.15,"end":4090.47},{"text":"to","start":4091.03,"end":4091.23},{"text":"address","start":4091.23,"end":4091.59},{"text":"this","start":4091.59,"end":4091.87},{"text":"serious","start":4091.87,"end":4092.23},{"text":"problem.","start":4092.23,"end":4092.63}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":4092.95,"end":4093.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4092.95,"end":4093.15},{"text":"you","start":4093.15,"end":4093.23},{"text":"very","start":4093.23,"end":4093.51},{"text":"much.","start":4093.51,"end":4093.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Stephen Hill","affiliation":"OLA","affiliation_full":"OLA","group":null,"function":"ASG"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":4094.19,"pageUrl":"/en/briefing/sg/2026-08-31?t=4095","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":4094.19,"end":4094.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4094.19,"end":4094.47},{"text":"you.","start":4094.47,"end":4094.55}]},{"text":"We'll now go to Bill Hare.","start":4095.19,"end":4096.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'll","start":4095.19,"end":4095.47},{"text":"now","start":4095.47,"end":4095.55},{"text":"go","start":4095.55,"end":4095.67},{"text":"to","start":4095.67,"end":4095.79},{"text":"Bill","start":4095.79,"end":4096.07},{"text":"Hare.","start":4096.07,"end":4096.39}]},{"text":"Thank you for your patience, Mr. Hare, if you want to say a few words and also tell us where you're joining us 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Key legal issues included the continuity of statehood, preservation of maritime zones, and protection of nationality and legal rights for affected populations."}],"words":[{"text":"You","start":4948.11,"end":4948.43},{"text":"mentioned","start":4948.43,"end":4948.79},{"text":"something","start":4948.79,"end":4949.07},{"text":"very","start":4949.07,"end":4949.31},{"text":"interesting.","start":4949.31,"end":4950.03}]},{"text":"You said, regardless of what happens to the physical territory, the statehood continues.","start":4950.27,"end":4957.39,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing examined how international law should respond when sea-level rise alters coastlines or even submerges territory. 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not an option of doing one or the other.","start":5253.03,"end":5255.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There's","start":5253.03,"end":5253.31},{"text":"not","start":5253.31,"end":5253.51},{"text":"an","start":5254.03,"end":5254.15},{"text":"option","start":5254.15,"end":5254.47},{"text":"of","start":5254.47,"end":5254.55},{"text":"doing","start":5254.55,"end":5254.79},{"text":"one","start":5254.79,"end":5255.03},{"text":"or","start":5255.03,"end":5255.11},{"text":"the","start":5255.11,"end":5255.23},{"text":"other.","start":5255.27,"end":5255.55}]},{"text":"All of these tracks need to be moved forward at the same 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Al-Arabi.","start":5266.79,"end":5267.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":5266.79,"end":5266.99},{"text":"with","start":5266.99,"end":5267.15},{"text":"Al-Quds","start":5267.15,"end":5267.47},{"text":"Al-Arabi.","start":5267.47,"end":5267.91}]},{"text":"My question is for you, Mr. Hill, building on Ms. Eddie's question and Namos.","start":5268.91,"end":5274.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":5268.91,"end":5269.19},{"text":"question","start":5269.19,"end":5269.55},{"text":"is","start":5269.55,"end":5269.63},{"text":"for","start":5269.63,"end":5269.87},{"text":"you,","start":5269.87,"end":5269.95},{"text":"Mr.","start":5269.95,"end":5270.35},{"text":"Hill,","start":5270.35,"end":5270.83},{"text":"building","start":5271.23,"end":5271.71},{"text":"on","start":5271.71,"end":5272.11},{"text":"Ms.","start":5272.11,"end":5272.51},{"text":"Eddie's","start":5272.51,"end":5272.91},{"text":"question","start":5272.91,"end":5273.39},{"text":"and","start":5273.39,"end":5273.59},{"text":"Namos.","start":5273.59,"end":5274.11}]},{"text":"I'm wondering if we can just please get more clarity on the macro level if countries eventually lose their land or become submerged.","start":5274.35,"end":5286.27,"topics":[{"key":"statehood-maritime-law","label":"Statehood and Maritime Law","description":"The briefing 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Ali","affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Journalist"}},{"statement_number":39,"start":5416.43,"pageUrl":"/en/briefing/sg/2026-08-31?t=5417","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":5416.43,"end":5416.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5416.43,"end":5416.67},{"text":"you.","start":5416.67,"end":5416.91}]},{"text":"I think this is a question which I'm not in a position to 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