General Assembly: 57th plenary meeting, 79th session

The 57th Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly is called to order. I would like, in keeping with established practice, to invite the attention of the Assembly to document A/79/720, Addendum 1, in which the Secretary-General informs the President of the Assembly that since the issuance of his communication contained in Document A/79/720, Antigua and Barbuda has made the payments necessary to reduce their arrears before— below the amount specified May I take it that the Assembly takes note of the information contained in this document? It is so decided. The Assembly will resume its consideration of Agenda Item 13 entitled integrated and coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conference and summits in the economic, social, and related fields; to hold the meeting to consider the program of action for landlocked developing countries for the decade 2024-2034 contained in Resolution 79/233 of 24th December 2024, pursuant to Decisions 79/537A and C of 6th and 24th December 2024 respectively. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, at the outset, allow me to welcome the New Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries, for the decade 2024-2034, which was adopted by the General Assembly in December 2024. By adopting this program, we support the 32 landlocked developing countries in charting a new path of transformation over the next decade. and we forge a new global partnership to address the unique challenges to their development. In this context, I commend the efforts of Ms. Rabab Fatima, High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries, and the Small Island Developing States with regard to the United Nations Conference on landlocked developing countries. I would like to also applaud Austria and Mongolia, co-chairs of the Preparatory Committee, for their work in steering the consensus agreement on the new Programme of Action. As we look forward to the 3rd UN Conference in 2025, Today, we honor the spirit of its theme, Driving Progress Through Partnership. The 570 million people living in the landlocked developing countries deserve nothing less. For too long, they have faced unique challenges to trade, connectivity, and development. Recent shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, rising prices worldwide, geopolitical tensions, and the deepening impact of climate change have only intensified their vulnerabilities. While progress has been made over the last decade, Results across these economies have been mixed. Consider that the combined gross domestic product of landlocked developing countries in 2023 came in at 8% below pre-pandemic projections, still unable to recover the output loss since 2020. Landlocked developing countries have demonstrated remarkable resilience. Their real GDP surpassed that of developing— developed countries in 2023, showcasing the ability to quickly reverse negative trends. With the support of the international community, landlocked developing countries have a key opportunity to consolidate and achieve greater progress, one that should not be missed. The 5 priority areas within the New Programme of Action are designed to augment and accelerate these gains. They contain several initiatives which, if implemented, would significantly support a transformative agenda for landlocked developing countries. Therefore, I welcome the targets to establish regional agricultural research hubs, regional digital platforms, a dedicated infrastructure investment finance facility, and a high-level panel of experts to identify ways and means to ensure seamless sea access. These initiatives aim to address both inherited challenges and urgent needs, offering powerful tools to accelerate sustainable development. We know that partnerships are key to unleashing the potential of landlocked developing countries. Thus, strengthening cooperation, particularly with transit countries, will be critical to making cross-border trade faster, easier, and less costly. Coupled with support from developing— developed partners, Sorry, coupled with support from development partners, landlocked developing countries will be better positioned to improve transport connectivity, foster diversity in their economic base, and enable their integration into the global economy. I urge the international community to mainstream the Programme of Action and to forge the diverse partnerships needed to help these countries advance human investment, develop local infrastructure, and rapidly expand trade access to global markets. In turn, the General Assembly, the great drum that gives voice to all peoples and nations, will serve as the global platform for monitoring the implementation of the Programme of Action on an annual basis. I congratulate Member States again on the adoption of the new Programme of Action and look forward to the convening of the 3rd UN Conference at the date and venue to be decided. Only with solidarity and concerted efforts can we advance together towards a brighter future for all, where no country is left behind. I thank you. I give the floor to Ms. Rabab Fatima, the Secretary-General of the 3rd United Nations Conference on Landlocked Mr.

President, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, it is an honor to address this important event marking the adoption of the New Programme of Action for the Landlocked Developing Countries for the decade 2024 to 2034. I begin by extending my sincere gratitude to you, Mr. President, for convening this important meeting and for your steadfast support for the Group of LLDCs. And I thank you, Mr. President, for your strong endorsement of the new Programme of Action. I commend the co-chairs of the Preparatory Committee, Ambassador Alexander Marschik, Permanent Representative of Austria, and Ambassador Enkhbold Borshilov, former Permanent Representative of Mongolia, for their outstanding leadership in steering the negotiations to a successful outcome, a bold, ambitious, and transformative new Programme of Action. My deep appreciation also goes to Ambassador Gladys Mokhawa, Permanent Representative of Botswana and the then Chair of the LLDC Group, whose tireless efforts have been instrumental in shaping this outcome. I also thank all delegations, especially the LLDCs and development partners, for their constructive engagement in reaching consensus on this forward-looking document. Excellencies, we have crossed the midpoint of the 2030 Agenda, yet the LLDCs continue to face profound challenges, including higher trade costs, inadequate infrastructure, digital divides, and growing climate vulnerabilities. These challenges have been exacerbated by economic shocks, adverse impacts of climate change, geopolitical tensions, and public health emergencies. Between 2020 and 2023, LLDCs experienced average annual output losses exceeding 6% compared to pre-pandemic levels, significantly higher than the 4.7% decline experienced by other developing countries. Against this backdrop, the Programme of Action is a blueprint for transformative change. It sets a bold and ambitious course for the LLDCs to address their unique challenges and unlock their full potentials. Allow me, Excellencies, to highlight its key elements. First, the Programme of Action addresses the critical importance of agriculture. This sector contributes 19% to LLDC's GDP and employs 43% of their workforce. But low productivity and high vulnerability to climate change and other shocks have kept crop yields at 30% below global averages, with post-harvest losses as high as 25%. These impediments coupled with rising food insecurity underscored the urgent need for transformation. To address these issues, the new Programme of Action proposes regional agricultural research hubs to improve practices, build resilience, and enhance productivity. By transforming agriculture, LLDCs can achieve food security, strengthen household income, and advance their economic transformation agenda. Second, digital connectivity remains a significant barrier. Internet usage in LLDCs is at only 32.3%, is far below the global average of 66%. And the situation is worse for women, with a 9% gender gap in internet access. And usage. To bridge this divide, the Programme of Action envisions regional digital platforms and centres for science, technology, and innovation. These initiatives will enhance internet penetration, facilitate peer-to-peer learning, and reduce gender digital gap. Third is international trade. LLDCs account for only 1.1% of global merchandise exports. And 0.7% of global services exports. Annual exports per capita are a mere $410, which is 13% of the global average. LLDCs face 40% higher trade costs compared to coastal developing countries. The Programme of Action sets an ambitious target to double these figures by 2034 through enhanced infrastructure, digital connectivity, and trade facilitation. It also calls for a dedicated work program for LDCs in the WTO to help address their unique trade challenges and ensure greater integration into the global economy. Fourth, transit procedures remain a major barrier for LLDCs, import and export processes taking twice as long and costing 2.5 times more than those in developing coastal developing countries. The new program of action calls on the UN Secretary-General to establish a high-level panel on freedom of transit to explore practical ways of enhancing the implementation of international transit conventions. This will support LLDCs' efforts to improve access to global markets and reduce trade impediments. Fifth is the issue of connectivity and the considerable infrastructure gap facing the LLDCs. An additional 200,000 kilometers of paved roads and 46,000 kilometers of railways would be required for them to reach global average of road and rail network densities. This would cost around $509 billion for over a period of 20 years. This investment gap highlights the scale of the challenge and underscores the importance of mobilizing both public and private financing. As well as strengthening institutional capacities to meet LLDC's infrastructure needs. The Programme of Action envisages establishment of an infrastructure investment finance facility, which is expected to address this financing gap. This deliverable will leverage the existing infrastructure finance facilities and enhance access to innovative sources. Sixth, despite contributing less than 2% of global carbon emissions in 2023, LLDCs bear a disproportionate burden of climate change impacts. They accounted for 4.14% of global economic losses from climate-related events in the period 2015 to 2022. However, climate finance for LLDCs remains grossly insufficient, with a drop in funding from $10.7 billion in 2019 to $8 billion in 2021, a reduction by 25% in a period of 2 years. The Programme of Action calls for enhanced climate finance for LLDCs, urging development partners to honor their commitments, including a balance between adaptation and mitigation funding. Finally, Excellencies, LLDCs face a widening financing gap more broadly. While ODA remains critical, it fell by nearly 10% from 2020 to $32 billion in 2022. Foreign direct investment, FDI, to LLDCs also remains slow, despite a modest 2.8% growth to $24 billion in 2023. The Programme of Action emphasizes the importance of fulfilling ODA commitments, increasing FDI, and leveraging innovative funding sources. Multinational development banks, the MDBs, can play a key role in bridging these financing gaps, as demonstrated by their record $100 billion IDA21 Replenishment, which includes a $2.5 billion private sector window to boost private investment. The upcoming 4th International Conference on Financing for Development, the FFD4, this year presents a crucial opportunity to mobilize resources and critical partnerships for the timely and effective implementation of the Programme of Action. Excellencies, the real impact of this Programme of Action will depend on its full and timely implementation. My office is fully committed to supporting the LLDCs throughout this process. We have already initiated key preparatory measures, including the development of a roadmap and results framework to monitor progress, as well as national implementation guidelines tailored to the unique context of LLDCs. The entire United Nations development system has remained deeply engaged and committed to the LLDC agenda and will be critical partners for the implementation of the Programme of Action. Before concluding, I would like to express my deep appreciation to the Government of Turkmenistan for its generous offer to host the conference this year. We are confident that Turkmenistan will deliver a successful conference, and I would call upon all member states to attend at the highest political level. Excellencies, as the Secretary-General said, there is no reason for landlocked developing countries not to be able to provide to their own citizens the same kinds of well-being that we want everywhere across the world. And the new Programme of Action provides precisely that roadmap for a transformative future for the 590 million people of the 32 landlocked developing countries, with clear targets, commitments, and deliverables. It is a roadmap to drive progress through partnership. Let us not miss that opportunity. Let us move forward with renewed determination and solidarity to implement this transformative agenda and create a future where every LLDC thrives and contributes fully to the global community. As the Secretary-General of the LLDC III Conference, I remain committed to ensuring a successful and impactful conference and to keeping the LLDCs high on the global agenda. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the Secretary-General of the 3rd United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries. I give the floor to His Excellency Diego Pari Rodríguez, Permanent Representative of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to the United Nations and Chair of the Group of landlocked developing countries.

Muchas gracias.

Thank you very much, President. As chair of the Group of Landlocked Developing Countries, I would like to express my deep thanks to the member states of the group to you and to the General Assembly for the adoption of the Programme of Action 2024-2034 on the 24th of December last year. We'd also like to thank the Chair of Botswana, of the LLDCs, Austria, and also the USG for LLDCs for their invaluable contribution to the design and adoption of this Programme of Action, which is a fundamental instrument of the United Nations and the international community to provide support to sustainable development and to achieve the 2030 Agenda in LLDCs. President, Your Excellencies, the world is facing many crises exacerbated by wars and geopolitical tensions. Which are hampering our people's development and our nation's development on a daily basis. In addition to their global impact, these crises have a disproportionate impact on landlocked developing countries. They exacerbate inequalities and structural obstacles that limit our development possibilities. The adoption of the new program of action doesn't just underscore the international community's commitment to the needs of LLDCs. It also stresses the urgent need for there to be transformative policies implemented to strengthen international cooperation and to develop innovative support mechanisms. This instrument must be a catalyst to eliminate structural barriers and to ensure that LLDCs can fully join the global economic system and can thus make significant headway towards achieving the SDGs. Many of the LLDCs have already undertaken major measures to diversify their economies, to modernize their infrastructure, and to promote inclusive social policies. But the new program of action, if it is effectively implemented, has the potential to be a decisive engine to move forward this progress. It will also allow us to build new alliances that will provide our countries with financial, technological, and political tools to overcome the challenges related to our geographic condition and to make the most of the emerging opportunities in the global economy, bearing in mind the specific needs of each LLDC. President, distinguished colleagues, I'd like to share with you some of the priorities that LLDCs have. First of all, transit, transport, and multimodal connectivity. The lack of direct access to maritime ports, which is made worse by the lack of development of regional transport corridors, continues to undermine the LLDC's ability to participate effectively in global trade. We think it is of extreme strategic importance that transit corridors be seen not just as means of carrying out trade but also as corridors for comprehensive economic development that will connect the infrastructure with industrial activity and regional value chains. We need to see substantive investment in resilient and multimodal transport networks including the development of road, railway, air, and digital infrastructure. This investment will not just enhance physical connectivity, it will also boost regional economic integration. We also need to address the regulatory and logistical stumbling blocks that exist by harmonizing transit standards, simplifying border protocols, and adopting interoperable digital systems. These efforts are critical to reduce the costs of trade, Making transit easier and fostering the competitiveness of LLDCs on the global market. Second, facilitating trade and regional economic integration. Trade remains a critical means for LLDCs to achieve economic growth. But the barriers that we're facing such as non-tariff measures and barriers and the major delays at border crossings and the limited structural capacity to diversify our exports make it difficult for us to make the most of the benefits of trade. The approach laid out in the New Programme of Action in strengthening regional integration is both timely and critical. LLDC's call on partner countries to provide technical and financial assistance to allow us effectively to implement the WTO's Trade Facilitation Agreement. We also ask for your support in capacity-building initiatives that will allow LLDCs to comply with international trade standards. We need to promote LLDCs' integration into regional and global value chains. Focusing on capacity building to allow us to participate in key sectors such as digital trade and e-commerce, which are transforming the global economy. In addition to regulatory reforms and investing in infrastructure, we also need to beef up LLDC's technical and institutional capacities to allow our countries to diversify our exports of goods and services. This means fostering the growth of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises by allowing them better access to credit and access to international markets. We should also actively promote the entrepreneurship of women, recognizing their critical role in our country's economic and social transformation. Thirdly, structural transformation and technological innovation. The report on the LLDCs underscores how urgent it is for us to prioritize investing in science, technology, and innovation. We recognize them to be key engines to generate added value, industrialization, and sustainable development. But the persistent digital gap remains a major obstacle, particularly in rural areas and far-flung areas in many LLDCs. Overcoming this barrier requires that we work together to expand the digital infrastructure in an affordable, trustworthy, and equitable way. We also need to roll out strategies to promote digital literacy and to strengthen technological capacities in our countries so that we can make the most of the emerging opportunities in domains such as artificial intelligence, e-trade, and clean technology. Technological innovation shouldn't just focus on closing the digital gap. It should also promote Solutions that are tailored to local realities and solutions that can transform our economies to make them more resilient, sustainable, and inclusive. This also means fostering cooperation between the public and private sector, exchanging knowledge and best practices also at the international level. Climate resilience and disaster risk reduction. Currently, the disproportionate impact of climate change on landlocked developing countries is something that cannot be denied. Our countries continue to face the devastating effects of climate disasters, from the melting of glaciers to droughts and floods. These exacerbate the existing socioeconomic vulnerabilities and hamper our sustainable development. We need to have an approach that is based on disaster risk reduction within the new Programme of Action, and we are glad that such an approach is included. However, we would urge the international community to step up efforts to mobilize appropriate accessible climate financing for our countries. These resources are critical for us to implement adaptation and mitigation measures that can strengthen our resilience in the face of climate impacts. We need to step up the integration of climate adaptation strategies in our own national development plans, ensuring that they include the protection of critical infrastructure and vulnerable communities. We also need to Foster international cooperation in the transfer of clean technologies, the exchange of knowledge and capacity building to strengthen our responses to climate change and to reduce the risks associated with natural disasters.

5.

Means of implementation. The effective implementation of this ambitious program of action hinges on our ability to mobilize the appropriate financial, technical, and institutional resources. Landlocked developing countries call on the international community to revitalize the ODA system, broadening South-South and triangular cooperation, and tap into innovative financing mechanisms such as blended financing and public-private alliances. It's also critical that the reforms of the international financial system consider strengthening support for LLDCs, particularly in helping our countries to prepare and finance projects that are truly viable and sustainable. These projects should focus on addressing infrastructure deficits, moving forward inclusive economic development, and promoting sustainable growth. Mobilizing these resources is not just a matter of justice and equity. But also of strategic investment for global development. That's why we would urge all stakeholders including governments, international financial institutions, and the private sector to work together to ensure that LLDCs do have the necessary tools to overcome the structural challenges that we have and to tap into these Concrete results. Let us work together to ensure that no country is left behind as a result of its geographic situation, and let us take the most— make the most of this opportunity to move forward sustainable, inclusive, and resilient development for LLDCs. I'd like to stress that the scope of the challenge we have before us requires collective, sustained, and decisive commitment. Only by working together and close cooperation between governments, international institutions, civil society, and the private sector, we will be able to convert these ambitious objectives in this Programme of Action into tangible benefits and lasting benefits for our peoples. Let us remain steadfast in our determination to build a future in which geography is no longer an obstacle for development and in which all LLDCs can prosper and occupy their legitimate place in the global economy. Sphere. And in this context, I would like to underscore the forthcoming conference on the LLDCs that will be a major contribution to achieve this goal. That is why we'd like to thank Turkmenistan for agreeing to host this important event. Finally, President, Your Excellencies, distinguished delegates, I I'm taking the floor for the last time at this General Assembly after 4 years representing my country Bolivia and I would therefore like to express my deep thanks to each and every one of you, to your countries for the support and friendship that you have always provided to me over this time. I am taking with me very And dear memories. And I would like to conclude with a wise quote of the indigenous peoples of my country who say, we have— we only borrow the land from our forefathers and we need to bequeath it properly to those who come after us.

Thank you.

I thank the chair of the Group of Landlocked Developing Countries.

We have heard the last speaker for the meeting. to consider the Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the decade 2024-2034. Members will recall that in its decision 79/537C, the Assembly decided to hear in January 2025 Any statement in the explanation of vote on Resolution 79/233? Before giving the floor for explanation of vote after the vote, may I remind delegations that explanations of vote are limited to 10 minutes and should be made by delegations from their seats. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sweden on behalf of the European Union.

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to speak on behalf of the EU and its member states. The candidate countries, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova, and Georgia aligned themselves with this statement. First, let me thank the co-chairs, the Permanent Representatives of Austria and Mongolia, as well as their teams, for their tireless efforts earlier this year to deliver a document that we can all get behind. I would also like to thank all negotiators for their constructive engagement and the Secretariat for their invaluable support. The EU welcomes the new Programme of Action for LLDCs for the decade 2024 to 2034. Mr. President, we're living through an unprecedented moment of multiple intersecting crises which disproportionately affect poorer countries and the most vulnerable. The EU recognizes the urgent need to ensure that unique challenges faced by landlocked developing countries are properly addressed in order to achieve the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. This Programme of Action, which we adopt— which we've adopted earlier, will help translate into action the ambitions of the Pact for the Future. We feel confident that the new deliverables for the LLDCs found in the new Programme of Action will help lay the foundation for improving connectivity, reducing trade costs, diversifying and strengthening economies, enhancing agricultural productivity, attracting investments in infrastructure, creating jobs, supporting human capital development, and enhancing resilience to climate change, change over the next 10 years. Moreover, we're pleased to see that the programme integrates language on both climate adaptation and mitigation. Combining mitigation efforts with adaptation strategies will enhance LLDCs' resilience to the economic, security, health, and climate crises the world may face in the future and build sustainability. This holistic approach will ensure LLDCs can achieve long-term sustainable development while contributing to climate goals. In that regard, the EU will continue to call for more efficient and increased financial resources to LLDCs on the path towards achieving the SDGs. Our own efforts have already begun under the Global Gateway with projects and investments that will enhance connectivity, build infrastructure, and promote sustainability with our partner countries. We committed investments to transform the Transcaspian Transport Corridor in Central Asia and are working with the African Union on 12 priority corridors under the Global Gateway Africa-Europe investment package, matching the ambitions of the Programme for Infrastructure Development in Africa, PIDA. As EU, we support key development— key projects to develop transformative economic corridors for quality infrastructure and investment that benefit LLDCs, as reflected by our commitment to finance the Lobito Corridor's infrastructure and to create an enabling environment around it that attracts sustainable and quality investments. This is how we support the LLDCs' transition from landlocked to land-linked. Today, Team Europe is the lead donor to LLDCs. We provided nearly €8 billion in 2022. It is in this spirit of continued engagement with LLDCs that the EU and its member states look forward to the swift convening of the 3rd Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries following the earlier postponement. The conference will provide a once-in-a-decade opportunity to articulate new and ambitious commitments for LLDCs and to collectively embark on a path of implementing the New Programme of Action in order to tackle ongoing challenges, build resilience against future shocks, accelerates implementation of the SDGs ahead of the term of the 2030 Agenda. Mr. President, the EU recognizes that developmental successes of the LLDCs is vital for global prosperity and the sustainable development worldwide. We're committed to a successful LLDC3 Conference, and we stand ready to constructively working with the LLDCs in on the priorities of the new Programme of Action in the spirit of renewed and strengthened partnership. The LLDCs can count on the continued support of the European Union as we move forward together. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sweden. I give the floor to distinguished representative of Australia on behalf of Canada. Australia, and New Zealand.

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of CANZ, Canada, New Zealand, and my own country, Australia. I wish to begin by thanking the co-chairs, Austria and Mongolia, for their excellent facilitation of a process which has culminated in an ambitious new program of action. We would also like to applaud the efforts of landlocked developing countries, working in close collaboration with the international community to prioritize and identify clear areas of focus to guide international assistance and partnerships over the next 10 years. As strong partners to many LLDCs, you have our collective commitment to supporting the implementation of the new program and to accelerating the pace of progress on 2030 Agenda objectives. We acknowledge that LLDCs continue to face real and significant challenges in the areas of transit connectivity, productivity, infrastructure, and economic growth— challenges which are exacerbated by climate change, conflicts, and an uncertain economic climate. In this light, CANZ will also continue to advocate for meaningful outcomes in other fora, such as the climate COPs, the upcoming Conference on Financing for Development, and the High-Level Political Forum to support LLDCs. We also wish to underscore that truly sustainable development development must include all sectors of society, drawing on the immense potential of the populations in LLDCs. This means, inter alia, the full participation of women, youth, civil society, the private sector, as well as Indigenous people. As we look forward to 2025 and the conference in May, LLDC III will be a critical moment for us to reaffirm our collective resolve to accelerate the rate of progress on sustainable development in LLDCs and solidify international commitments to implement the Programme of Action. We are confident that the Conference will be an important platform for LLDCs to harness the expertise and resources of the international community and chart their own path to sustainable development over the next 10 years. We thank you for convening us today and look forward to engaging further on the strong partnerships and enduring coalitions that will required in 2025 and beyond to deliver on this ambitious agenda. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Australia. I give the floor to distinguished representative of Iraq on behalf of Group of 77 plus China.

Your Excellency, President of the General Assembly, Excellencies, distinguished Delegates, I have the honor to deliver this explanation of position on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. At the outset, I would like to express deep appreciation to the Conference Preparatory Committee Bureau members led by the distinguished co-chairs, the Permanent Representatives of Mongolia and Australia, for their valued contributions and stewardship of this process. Additionally, we extend our gratitude to the delegation of Botswana for negotiating the Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the decade 2024-2034 just adopted by the General Assembly on behalf of the G77 and China. Excellencies, with the adoption of this tailored Programme of Action for the AWALDCs, who constitute 32 members of this august body that face unique development challenges due to their landlockedness, urgent action is needed to address their development challenges. Even though this Programme of Action Goes beyond the 2030 Agenda. We must begin action today to ensure that the ALALDCs are not left behind and that this new program of action will provide the guidance in this regard. ALALDCs' remoteness and isolation from the world market, additional border crossings, long transit procedures, insufficient logistical system, and poor infrastructure cause them to incur substantially high— higher transport and other trade transactions when compared to other countries. Thus, this represents a tremendous trade-reducing effect that has a direct negative impact on economic growth and undermines their national efforts to achieve sustainable development and national development goals. The UN General Assembly, during its 28th session, recognized these specific challenges and adopted a resolution on special measures related to the particular needs of landlocked developing countries, and today we reaffirm this with the adoption of this resolution. Excellencies, the G77 and China fully support the adoption of this bold program of action that provides the LDCs with the necessary tools to address their development challenges, in particular those of remoteness, limited productive capacities and connectivity, inadequate funding, high debt, commodity price volatility, as well as emerging challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, and disasters. We firmly believe that through renewed and strengthened partnership at bilateral and international levels, that the LLDCs would be able to adequately address their unique development constraints and also support accelerating the implementation of internationally agreed goals, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The group emphasizes that building the productive capacities of landlocked developing countries, promoting value addition and export diversification, and moving up global value chains are vital to increasing their trade potential. It's also necessary to promote an intensified industrialization and greater utilization of science, technology, and innovation. The Group G77 and China calls for the fulfillment of all previous commitments made to support the LLDCs to address their development meant challenges and we urge new and more scale-up support to them. We emphasize that developed countries have the obligation and commitment of assisting developing countries in meeting their development objectives and urge developed countries to fulfill all previous and new commitments. We also thank the countries in the South for their continued support and solidarity to the LDCs in pursuit of their national development aspirations within the framework of South-South cooperation. In this regard, we applaud the General Assembly for adopting this resolution by consensus as a critical first step to the implementation of this resolution. Excellencies, finally, The Group of 77 and China reiterates its unwavering solidarity with the LLDCs and remains committed to support the Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Iraq. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of United Kingdom.

Thank you, Chair. The United Kingdom is proud of its longstanding partnership with the LLDC Group. We welcome the adoption of the Programme of Action and all the negotiations that went into it. We look forward to the convening of the 3rd UN Conference on LLDCs in Turkmenistan under the theme Driving Progress Through Partnerships, and hope that details, including the dates, will be confirmed soon. The UK Government's priorities for sustainable development, including supporting global inclusive growth through international trade and investment, leveraging the power of science, technology, and AI, harnessing health and education opportunities, to build human capital, strengthening state and community resilience to shocks, investing in climate, nature, and development, mobilizing more private capital, reforming MDBs, and tackling debt and illicit finance all align well with the 5 priority areas outlined in the LLDC Programme of Action. We consider the Conference an important moment to come together to consider the challenges faced by LLDCs, to explore solutions, and create and deepen effective partnerships. We are committed to working with LLDCs, our partners, and other allies through multilateral fora on the priority areas identified in the Programme of Action over the next decade. Thank you.

I thank the representative of United Kingdom. I now give the floor to the representative of Japan.

Thank you, Mr. President. Japan welcomes adoption of the new Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries for the decade 2024 to 2034 by consensus. We'd like to express our deep appreciation to Bolivia as the new chair of Group of Landlocked Developing Countries and Botswana as the former chair for your able leadership. We would also like to thank Australia and Mongolia as the co-chairs of the preparatory committee, as well as USG Ms. Labab Fatima and OHR LLS for their tireless efforts in preparing for the LLDCC conference and their contributions to this new program of actions. LLDCs face multiple development challenges such as high transportation and trade costs, inadequate infrastructure connectivity, the adverse impacts of climate change, and the lingering effects of COVID-19. We believe that this new Programme of Action comprehensively addresses all the development challenges LLDCs face and that it is imperative for the international community to take swift action on the commitments it contains. Mr. President, Japan has been contributing to the steady implementation of PNA Program of Action through development cooperation that meets the needs of the area's issues based on the principle of human security, which aims to protect the lives, livelihoods, and dignity for each and every human being. Japan will continue to support LLDCs through the New Programme Action, and we look forward to participating in the upcoming LLDC III Conference. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Japan, and I give the floor to distinguished representative of Belarus.

Thank you, Mr. President. Landlocked developing countries, because of their geographical location, face particular problems that necessitate targeted support from the international community in addressing the challenges they face in accelerating the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Belarus supported the consensus on the Program of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries which calls for urgent actions to ensure progress in all spheres of the economy, from agriculture and trade to transport, energy, and digital infrastructure. At the same time, we are of the view that international support that is provided to LLDCs should correspond to their national and regional requirements. As a landlocked transit country, Belarus is convinced that regional development and establishing links between regional integration associations are among the key factors in accelerating development and increasing the resilience of LLDCs, strengthening their trade and transport potential, expanding academic and business contacts, and also promptly addressing the most acute economic, social, and ecological problems. We have consistently advocated for the development of international cooperation based on respect for the norms of international law, and we call for a rejection of the practice of economic pressure and politicized restrictions. We believe it is unacceptable to introduce restrictions on the movement of persons or bans on the transit of goods coming from landlocked countries. We also call upon member states to fulfill their obligations under international legal documents, including the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. We firmly believe that only non-politicized international efforts and a partnership of equals can form the basis for the sustainable development of LLDCs. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Belarus. I give the floor to distinguished representative of Argentina.

Muchas gracias.

Thank you very much, President. Argentina wishes to underscore the importance of international cooperation to resolve common challenges, and we value the ideal of multilateralism because it is based on the principles of consultation and inclusion of different points of view. Guaranteeing all state actors the same rights and obligations. President, as we have said in other occasions, Argentina disassociates from paragraphs referring to the 2030 Agenda and the paragraphs on gender. And when it comes to climate change, Argentina believes that we must stick to scientific progress based on evidence without any kind of dogma. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Argentina. I give the floor to distinguished representative of Turkey.

Thank you, Mr. President. At the outset, let us express our sincere thanks and appreciation to the co-chairs of the PrepCom, permanent representatives of Austria and Mongolia, as well as their teams in successfully navigating the preparatory process of the 3rd UN Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries for delivering an ambitious outcome document. We also would like to express our sincere appreciation to Secretariat for their invaluable support. Türkiye welcomes the new Programme of Action for LLDCs for the decade 2024-2034. Türkiye recognizes the unique development challenges faced by LLDCs, particularly those linked to their lack of direct access to global markets, high trade costs, and vulnerability to external shocks. During the implementation of the Vienna Programme of Action, Türkiye has taken concrete steps to assist LLDCs in their pursuit of sustainable development and economic integration. Our technical and financial contributions to transit transport projects in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and beyond have aimed at bridging the LLDCs to world markets. The new Program of Action manifests a new generation of renewed and strengthened commitments between the LLDCs and development partners, a blueprint for a transformative change in the LLDCs in the next decade with concrete targets commitments, and key deliverables under 5 broad thematic areas. It reaffirms our commitments to ensuring that LLDCs are no longer constrained by geography but empowered by opportunity. We hope that the effective implementation of this program of action will not only address the vulnerabilities and unique challenges of LLDC arising from their landlockedness remoteness, and geographical constraints, but will also turbocharge the SDG implementation. By adopting the new Programme of Action, we have also recognized that leveraging the power of science, technology, and innovation is critical to support the LLDCs to overcome their unique challenges, build resilience against current and possible future shocks and hazards, and achieve their development ambitions. We welcome that the new Programme of Action has identified structural transformation and STI as one of its priority areas. The UN Technology Bank for LDCs, which Türkiye proudly hosts and supports, can enable the implementation of the new Programme of Action for LLDCs. The recently revitalized bank can play a catalytic role for half of the— half of LLDCs that falls under the category of LDCs in facilitating technology transfer and strengthening capacities and know-how. On a separate note, we would like to put on the record that Türkiye disassociates herself from the references made to UN Convention on Law of the Sea. Neither participation to the activities of PREPCOM nor the approval of the outcome document today can be construed as a change in the legal position of Türkiye with regard to UNCLOS. The 3rd UN Conference on the LLDCs in a unique opportunity— is a unique opportunity for the international community to show strong solidarity and commitment to the new LLDC agenda. Türkiye stands ready to strengthen its partnerships with LLDCs and the international community in pursuit of sustainable development and prosperity. Turkey will support the efforts for the full implementation— full and effective implementation of the new Programme of Action. We are eagerly looking forward to the 3rd UN Conference of LLDCs. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Turkey. We have heard the last speaker. An explanation of vote after the vote. The Assembly has thus concluded this stage of its consideration of Agenda Item 13. I invite the attention of the Assembly to the note by the Secretary-General issued as Document A/79/2011. 101/Addendum 1, circulated under subitem A of agenda item 116, entitled Appointment of Members of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions. Members will recall that the assembly concluded its consideration of subitem A of Agenda Item 116 at its 38th Plenary Meeting on 13 November 2024. In order for the Assembly to proceed further, it will be necessary to reopen consideration of Sub-item A of Agenda Item 116. May I take it That is the wish of the Assembly to reopen consideration of sub-item A of Agenda Item 116. It is so decided. Members will recall that at this 2nd Plenary Meeting on 13 September 2024, The Assembly decided to allocate sub-item A of Agenda Item 116 to the 5th Committee. To enable the Assembly to take action expeditiously on the document, may I take it that the Assembly wishes to consider sub-item A of Agenda Item 116 directly in the Plenary meeting and proceed Immediately to its consideration. It is so decided. The Assembly will now resume its consideration of sub-item A of Agenda Item 116, to consider a note by the Secretary-General issued as Document A/79/101 Addendum 1. In his note, the Secretary-General has received notification of the resignation of Mr. Olivio Fermín of the Dominican Republic from the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions, effective January 31st, 2025. Accordingly, the Assembly is required to appoint At this current session, a person to fill the vacancy for the remaining period of the term of office of Mr. Fermín, which expires on the 31st of December, 2025. The Government of the Dominican Republic has nominated Mrs. Alexandra Arias to fill the vacancy arising from the resignation of Mr. Fermín. May I take it that the Assembly wishes to appoint Ms. Alejandra Arias of the Dominican Republic as a member of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions for the term of office beginning on January 31st, 2025, and expiring on December 31st, 2025?

Aye.

It is so decided. May I take it that it is the wish of the Assembly to conclude its consideration of sub-item a of Agenda Item 116? It is so decided. The Assembly will resume its consideration of sub-item r of Agenda Item 125, entitled Cooperation Between the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries to Take Action on a Draft Resolution issued as Document A/79/AU.43. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cabo Verde, to introduce draft resolution A/79/L.43.

Mr. President, Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to introduce resolution A/79/L/43, entitled Cooperation between the United Nations and the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries, CPLP. On behalf of the Member States of the CPLP, Angola, Brazil, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé and Príncipe, Timor-Leste, and my own country, Cabo Verde. The CPLP is a space for unity around the Portuguese language, promoting peace, democracy, human rights, and cultural ties. Made up of more than 278 million people, on 4 continents, the community is an example of integration and cooperation for sustainable development and solidarity. The resolution under discussion reflects the CPLP ongoing commitment to fostering international cooperation and multilateralism. At the outset, I would like to highlight the role of the Portuguese language as a unifying element and its growing relevance in international organizations, being official or working language in 33 global bodies. This recognition is proven by the proclamation of World Portuguese Language Day, celebrated annually on May 5th. The resolution highlights the 14th Conference of Heads of State and Government of CPLP, held in São Tomé and Príncipe on 27 August 2023, under the motto Youth and Sustainability in the CPLP, during which Member States reaffirmed their commitment to solidarity and cooperation in priority areas, including combating youth unemployment and promoting national policies that connect education to the labour market. The importance of including young people in sustainability and innovation initiatives was also highlighted as central elements for the community's progress. In addition, the text underlines the alignment of the CPLP's actions with the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, reinforcing inclusive strategies to reduce inequalities, promote food security, and tackle the challenges of climate change. Among recent improvements, I would like to highlight the adoption of the Charter of Rights and principles in digital environments, which combats disinformation and promotes an ethical use of technology; the creation of strategic partnerships with UN bodies to strengthen peace, public health, and gender equality; and the admission of new associate and consultative observers, which broadens the scope and diversity of the CPLP, including academic, scientific, and cultural organizations. The resolution also highlights the CPLP's efforts in the field of climate challenges, through the International Center for Climate Research, and in promoting a sustainable future for all. Finally, let me express our deep gratitude to the countries that supported and co-sponsored this resolution. On behalf of the CPLP, it is my honor to invite all member states to adopt this text by consensus, thus reaffirming our commitment to international cooperation and the fundamental principles of the United Nations Organization. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Cabo Verde. We shall now proceed to consider draft resolution A/79, L.43. For your information, the draft resolution has closed for e-sponsorship. I give the floor to the representative of the Secretariat.

Thank you, Mr. President. I should like to announce that since the submission of the draft resolution, And in addition to the delegations listed on the L document, the following countries have also become co-sponsors of A/79/L43: Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czechia, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Thank you. Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon. Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Namibia, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Palau, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Sweden, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Vietnam. If any other countries wish to co-sponsor A/79/L43, please signify by pressing the microphone button. I see Singapore. Spain, although Spain is already on the old document.

Malaysia.

Bolivia, pre-national state of Bolivia. Egypt. Bosnia and Herzegovina. and Honduras. That concludes the additional list of additional co-sponsors. Thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the representative of the Secretariat. The Assembly will now take a decision on draft resolution A/79 A/79/L.43, entitled Cooperation Between the United Nations and Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries. May I take it that the Assembly wishes to adopt draft resolution A/79/L.43?

Aye.

It is so decided. Before giving the floor for explanation of vote after the vote, may I remind delegations that explanation of vote are limited to 10 minutes and should be made by delegations from their seats. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Argentina.

Thank you very much, President. Argentina joined the consensus to adopt the resolution adopted cooperation between the United Nations and the community of Portuguese-speaking countries because we support multilingualism. And this highlights the importance of Portuguese in international relations, fostering political commitment and within the community of Portuguese-speaking countries in the promotion of that language. Like before, we disassociate from the paragraphs on the Pact of the Future and the 2030 Agenda. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Argentina. We have heard the last speaker in the explanation of vote after the vote. May I take it that it is the wish of the Assembly to conclude its consideration of sub-item R of agenda item 125?

Yes.

It is so decided. The meeting is adjourned.