General Assembly: 100th plenary meeting, 80th session

Thank you. The 100— The plenary meeting of the General Assembly is called to order. The Assembly will continue its consideration of Agenda Item 38, entitled "Necessity of Ending the Economic, Commercial, and Financial Embargo Imposed by the United States of America Against Cuba." I will now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia.

Thank you, Mr. President. At the outset, I would like to extend a warm welcome to His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. My delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Group of 77 and China. Mr. President, the peaceful settlement of disputes and respect for international law are fundamental principles of the Charter of the United Nations. In this regard, unilateral coercive measures that are not consistent with international law and the Charter of the United Nations need to be given the necessary attention by the international community, particularly in view of their potential implications for sustainable development and international cooperation. My delegation notes the continued application of unilateral measures affecting Cuba, which continue to present economic and humanitarian challenges for the country and its people. Constraints affecting critical supplies have implications for the delivery of essential public services. Such restrictions can limit the capacity to achieve their synergies, to address pressing socio-economic priorities, and weaken resilience to the adverse effects of climate change. For many years, the General Assembly has consistently expressed its position on this matter through the adoption of resolutions calling for an end to the unilateral coercive measures imposed on Cuba. These enduring positions reflect the importance attached by the international community to respect for the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and to the promotion of constructive international cooperation. In this regard, Ethiopia reiterates its call for the removal of undue restrictions on critical supplies while calling for dialogue consistent with international law and the Charter of the United Nations, with a view to supporting the well-being and sustainable development of the Cuban people. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Ethiopia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Namibia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, allow me to thank you for convening this meeting on the United Nations General Assembly debate on the reopening of Agenda Item 38 on the necessity of ending the economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America, and recognize the presence of His Excellency Bruno Eduardo Rodrigues Barrila. The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. Namibia aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of the African Group, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the G77 and China, and we offer the following remarks in our national capacity. Namibia fully supports the reopening of Agenda Item 38. Enrique Tarreiro states that the Charter of the United Nations has laid the foundation for conditions of stability and well-being, which are necessary for peaceful coexistence and harmony among nations. Mr. President, the Cuban people have faced decades of economic hardships and humanitarian crises due to the U.S. embargo, which has been repeatedly condemned by the United Nations General Assembly. This blockade is contrary to international law and the Charter of the United Nations, which was created to, amongst others, develop friendly relations amongst nations based on respect for the principle and equal rights and self-determination of peoples. And to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace. Peace is what the government and the brave people of Cuba brought to Namibia when they fought side by side with the people of Namibia for our independence. During our struggle, Namibian refugees were also welcomed in Cuba.— many of whom returned to build our country and helped to chart the way for our development. Namibia, a nation born out of the bitter struggle against apartheid and colonialism— sovereignty is sacred. It is the hard-won right of the people to determine their own destiny manage their own wealth, and govern their own land without external interference. Therefore, Mr. President, unilateral coercive measures should not be used as a tool to undermine sovereign states and violate the Charter and its principles and purposes. Namibia calls for an end to the continued illegal economic, financial, and commercial embargo imposed on the friendly peoples of Cuba. Further, Namibia reiterates its call for the removal of Cuba from the list of states sponsors of terrorism. We stand in solidarity with the Cuban people and condemn the recent Executive Order 14380 issued on January 29th, 2026, by US President Donald Trump, declaring a national emergency and authorizing tariffs on goods from countries that sell or provide oil to Cuba, with additional sanctions announced on the 1st and 8th of May, 2026. These executive orders have exacerbated the suffering of the Cuban people, restricting access to essential goods like food, medicine, and fuel. These executive orders themselves are a serious violation of international law and a grave threat to the democratic and equitable international order. Similarly, Namibia condemns The US government's indictment of His Excellency Raúl Modestos Castro Ruz, the former President of Cuba, another violation of Cuba's sovereignty. The United States has no jurisdiction over the State of Cuba. This action deserves international condemnation. The principle of respect for the territorial integrity and political independence of States must be upheld by all states and non-state actors. All peoples, small and great, are endowed with inherent rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. But the six-decade-old embargo has been undermining and subverting such inherent rights. We must, therefore, prioritize constructive dialogue over isolation and unilateral coercive measures. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Namibia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe.

Thank you, Mr. President. Zimbabwe welcomes this meeting which speaks to our shared responsibility under the Charter and to the credibility of the multilateral system the system we have built. We recognize the presence of the Foreign Minister of Cuba. Zimbabwe aligns itself with the statements of the African Group, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77 in China, as well as the Group of Friends in defense of the Charter of the United Nations. We share the following reflections in our national capacity. Mr. President, for more than 6 decades, the people of Cuba have borne the heavy burden of an economic, commercial, and financial embargo with profound economic, social, and humanitarian consequences. Its impact is felt in hospitals, in schools, homes, and in the daily struggle of people seeking essential goods and services. This hardship constrains Cuba's capacity to pursue sustainable development and advance the Sustainable Development Goals. When we speak of leaving no one behind, we must ask whether any people should carry such a burden for generations. Mr. President, this is a matter of law, justice, and principles. The Charter of the United Nations affirms sovereign equality, non-intervention in domestic jurisdiction, and the duty of member states to act in conformity with its purposes and principles, and to settle disputes through dialogue and not through the threat of or use of force. The General Assembly has reaffirmed these principles from Resolution 47/19 of 24 November 1992 to Resolution 80/4 of 29 October 2025, calling for an end of laws and measures with extraterritorial effects and urging states to refrain from applying and to repeal or invalidate such measures under international law. Zimbabwe reiterates its opposition to unilateral coercive measures, which undermine development, weaken trust, and fall most heavily on the vulnerable. Cuba has long shown solidarity with others, including in decolonization, healthcare, education, and human capital development across the Global South. For that reason, it is just that solidarity be extended to Cuba in return. Zimbabwe therefore joins the international community's call for the immediate and unconditional lifting of the embargo against Cuba and its removal from the State Sponsors of Terrorism Blacklisting. In doing so, we reaffirm our solidarity with Cuba and our duty to defend the Charter, uphold international law, and preserve a multilateral system founded on justice, sovereign equality, cooperation, and mutual respect. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Chile on the point of order.

Señor Presidente.

Mr. President, I have the honor to take the floor on behalf of Costa Rica, Paraguay, and my own country, Chile, on a matter of procedure in accordance with Rule Rule 71 of the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly, we would like to raise a point of order relating to the possibility of making explanations of vote in respect of the decision that was taken this morning under this agenda item. Our delegations were hoping to be able to exercise that prerogative following the vote in accordance with Rule 88 of the Rules of Procedure. And the established practice of the General Assembly. However, we were not given the opportunity to do so. The explanation of vote is a prerogative of the member states that allows them to put on record the reasons underpinning their vote on an agenda item. This mechanism strengthens the transparency of the process and contributes to the proper recording of delegations' positions. In that regard, we are concerned that this situation could limit member states' opportunity to reflect their national positions on the decisions taken by this assembly. We recall that Rule 88 does not draw any distinction between different types of votes except for those that are carried out through a secret ballot. In that regard, we would be grateful to know the reasons why a different criteria was applied on this occasion. Consequently, we respectfully request that you decide whether the delegations will be able to deliver an explanation of vote and that consequently time and space be allowed for those delegations that want to do so, be able to do so in accordance with the rules of procedure and the established practice of the General Assembly. Thank you very much.

Thank you, the distinguished representative of Chile, on the point of order. In the case of this issue, Rule 88 of the Rules of Procedure provides that the President may permit members to explain their votes either before or after the voting. In light of the procedural nature of this vote, the President this morning decided not to permit any explanation of votes. I now give the floor to the distinguished Representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful, Mr. President, let me begin by expressing our gratitude for convening this meeting under this agenda item once again. And we would like to welcome Excellency Rodriguez, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Cuba. The meeting is both timely and necessary in light of the continued deterioration of situation in Cuba resulting from the further tightening of the unilateral embargo imposed by the United States. It is deeply regrettable that Despite more than 6 decades of repeated calls by the United Nations General Assembly and overwhelming majority of the international community, the United States has not only failed to end this embargo and sanctions against an independent and sovereign state, but has instead further tightening the economic, commercial, and financial blockade with devastating consequences for the Cuban people. The blockade has worsened living conditions, exacerbated shortage of fuel, disrupted power generation and electricity supply, undermined the functioning of the essential public services, impeded the procurement of food, medicine, and medical supplies, restricted access to other essential goods, and severely constrained the country's sustainable development. The United States has compounded these unlawful unilateral coercive measures by coupling them with repeated and reckless threats of the use of force and acts of direct military aggression in contravention of the Charter of the United Nations and fundamental principles of international law. All these unrestrained unilateral and coercive policies together with the continued imposition of unilateral coercive measures are aimed at denying an independent country's right to self-determination and compelling it to submit to external interference in internal affairs, amounting to an attempt to force Cuba's capitulation and constitute a breach of generally recognized principles of international law and the Charter of the United Nations including the well-established principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in internal affairs. Our unwavering determination to oppose such unilateral and coercive policies which undermine the very spirit of the Charter of the United Nations and destabilize the international order by placing one member state above international law remains steadfast. As we commemorate the 80th anniversary of the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, we all share a collective responsibility not to remain silent in the face of such clear violation of its purposes and principles. Notwithstanding our differing political views, the credibility of the Charter depends on its consistent and impartial application. As a country that has faced military aggression by the United States and the Israeli regime on two occasions over the past year, we underscored upholding the Charter of the United Nations cannot be selective, nor can it be subject to double standards. Any claim regarding member states' commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter must be measured by their willingness to condemn policies that endanger international peace and security and to stand united in rejecting such action wherever and by whomever they occur. Mr. President, the Islamic Republic of Iran once again reiterates its firm opposition to any economic, commercial, and financial sanctions imposed on independent and sovereign states, including Cuba, And we will continue to advocate for the complete elimination of all forms of unilateral coercive measures which undermine individual nations and the very foundation of international cooperation and peaceful coexistence. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Brazil.

Mr. President, my delegation associates itself with the intervention delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the G77 and China. At a time when cooperation, dialogue, and respect for agreed rules are more necessary than ever, Attacks on multilateralism, the Charter of the United Nations, international law, and international humanitarian law are causing instability and setbacks in several regions. They are aggravating ongoing conflicts and bringing unbearable suffering to peoples around the world, especially children and the elderly. We strongly oppose any attempts to erode the multilateral system in favor of geopolitical and economic agendas based on the notion that might makes right and the imposition of the logic of spheres of influence, especially in our region, a self-proclaimed zone of peace. It has been a longstanding policy of Brazil to firmly reject unilateral coercive measures. Such measures are illegal and illegitimate. Because they are inconsistent with the Charter of the United Nations and often have horrendous impact on the very peoples they allegedly intend to help. With this in mind, Brasil expresses particular concern over the growing humanitarian tragedy faced by Cuba as a consequence of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed by the United States, now painfully intensified with new unprecedented measures against the Cuban people. These measures are not only affecting people's daily lives, but also bringing inadmissible and unbearable suffering, especially to the elderly, children, and the sick. What we are witnessing is a grave humanitarian crisis provoked not by a natural disaster or even a protracted military conflict,, but by unilateral action that violates the UN Charter and is affecting common citizens in a manner that shocks human consciousness. The worsening humanitarian crisis in Cuba is not all. Brazil is also concerned about the increased US military presence in the Caribbean, as well as verbal threats against the Cuban government— threats that the international community has many reasons to fear and reject.— as they may provoke another conflict of grave proportions in a region that is historically and legally committed to peace. We will continue to defend multilateralism, international law, and the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. We will also continue to stand against unilateral coercive measures and against any attempt to undermine the sovereignty and self-determination of peoples around the world. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Brazil. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan.

Thank you, President.

My delegation aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, OIC, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Pakistan's commitment to multilateralism and our fidelity to the foundational tenets of the UN Charter is consistent and longstanding. We believe that international cooperation and multilateral engagement underpinned by sovereign equality and mutual respect remain the cornerstone of global order. Unilateral economic measures, particularly their selective application on developing countries, run counter to those principles. That's why we share the concerns regarding the humanitarian impact of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo on Cuba and its people. Ending the embargo will be an important step to alleviate the humanitarian situation and also to enable the Cuban people to realize their right to development and prosperity. President, Pakistan reiterates its commitment to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, especially the respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of all states. We underscore the imperative of pursuing peaceful means for settlement of disputes as enshrined in Chapter 6 of the UN Charter, and in that regard encourage continued dialogue and diplomacy. In that regard, thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished representative of Pakistan. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malaysia.

Mr. President, Malaysia aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of ASEAN, G77 and China, NAM, and the OIC. We recognize the presence of His Excellency the Foreign Minister of Cuba. Mr. President, Malaysia has consistently and strongly opposed the imposition of unilateral coercive measures against any country. Such measures are inconsistent with the principles of sovereign equality, and peaceful relations among states, and contravene international law, international humanitarian law, and the UN Charter. Against this backdrop, Malaysia is deeply concerned by the recent escalation of unilateral coercive measures against Cuba, including unprecedented restrictions affecting fuel supplies, financial transactions, and secondary sanctions directed at legitimate foreign companies and economic entities. These measures have restricted Cuba's access to international financing, isolated its people from the global economy, and discouraged sovereign states from maintaining normal economic relations with Cuba. This is evident in the refusal by foreign banks to engage with Cuba and the blocking of bank transfers, which have impeded legitimate commercial and financial transactions. Fuel shortages have also prevented the distribution of essential goods, further underscoring the severe and far-reaching consequences of these measures. Beyond the economic impact, the humanitarian consequences are equally, if not more, alarming. Disruption of fuel supplies has affected electricity generation, hospitals, schools, water distribution, food preservation, public transportation, agricultural production, and sanitation. More than 100,000 patients, including approximately 12,000 children, are reportedly awaiting postponed surgical procedures. The survival rate among children diagnosed with cancer has reportedly declined from 85% to 65% due to difficulties in accessing medicines, technologies, and specialized treatments. Mr. President, in light of these developments, Malaysia reiterates its support for General Assembly Resolution 80/4, adopted on October 29, 2025, and calls for the immediate and unconditional lifting of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo against Cuba including measures with extraterritorial effects. Unilateral coercive measures must never be used as instruments to pursue political objectives, for it is not governments alone that bear the burden of these measures. It is ordinary people, including families struggling to secure food and medicine, patients waiting for treatment, and children deprived of education and healthcare. Malaysia calls upon the parties concerned to resolve their differences through constructive dialogue, mutual respect, and diplomacy, in full accordance with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. Thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Malaysia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of South Africa.

Thank you very much, Mr. President. Your Excellencies, my delegation aligns itself with the statements delivered by Mali on behalf of the African Group, Uruguay on behalf of the G77, plus China, Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. And I would like to deliver the following remarks in my national capacity. South Africa reaffirms its profound concern regarding the enduring economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed by the United States against Cuba, which remains the foremost impediment to the country's attainment of its development aspirations and continues to exacerbate socioeconomic hardship for the Cuban people, particularly the most vulnerable. South Africa is concerned about the successive executive orders by the U.S. administration increasing the scope of U.S. sanctions targeting Cuba, key sectors of the Cuban economy, imposing secondary sanctions on foreign financial institutions and adding more than 20 Cuban government entities, companies, and officials to the list of sanctioned entities. The embargo continues to restrict Cuba's access to vital imports, including food, medicine, and raw materials. And to limit the country's ability to fully benefit from tourism, cultural exchanges, and professional cooperation. South Africa is particularly concerned about the extraterritorial application of unilateral sanctions, which deter third-country trade and investments and undermine the expansion of mutually beneficial relations including with South Africa. South Africa is further concerned about the US oil blockade against Cuba, which effectively stopped oil supplies to the country, exacerbating the energy crisis. The oil blockade causes persistent electricity outages. Shortages of fuel and food supplies disrupt public transport the provision of public services in hospitals and schools, and the provision of basic goods, which affects the humanitarian conditions of households, especially of children and women. South Africa calls for the lifting of the blockade and recent restrictions, the removal of Cuba from the list of states sponsoring terrorism, and the resumption of the stalled talks between Cuba and the U.S. Mr. President, South Africa welcomes the latest package of 176 economic reforms designed to combat severe shortages of food, fuel, and power. The new measures seek to expand private sector investment, open new avenues for foreign investment, ensure financial and labor flexibility, ease price control and taxation, and allow local autonomy through decentralized and administrative operations. South Africa joins the overwhelming majority of member states in calling for the necessity of of ending the economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba. We are calling for the cessation of unilateral coercive measures that run counter to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. We appeal to the international community to redouble its efforts to promote constructive and multilateral dialogue between Cuba and the United States, including through appropriate UN mechanisms, to realize the objectives of previous General Assembly resolutions and to support the sustainable development, peace, and prosperity of the Cuban people. South Africa reaffirms its enduring friendship and solidarity with Cuba and its steadfast commitment to multilateralism, international law, as well as the sovereign right of all nations to pursue their chosen development path. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of South Africa. I now give the floor to the distinguished Representative of Peru.

Gracias, Presidente.

Thank you, President. Originally, my delegation would have preferred to make this statement as an EOV. My delegation has felt surprised by the fact that there was no space to provide an explanation of what We have heard the distinguished Ambassador of Chile, and therefore we know that we are not the only delegation that was surprised by this situation. We believe that this omission contravenes the ideals that sustain the creation of the General Assembly as a principal organ of the UN, and we do not find any justification for this in the current rules of procedure. It is as ironic as it is regrettable that This room voted to allow a new debate, but yet somehow some delegations are not allowed to express themselves in the modality that they feel most comfortable with and a modality that is enshrined in our rules of procedure. Peru's decision to vote in favor this morning responds to the conviction that the General Assembly constitutes the multilateral forum that is in charge of reviewing and debating issues that are within the remit of the UN Charter, and specifically when one member state considers that recent events justify a new debate within its agenda. And in that sense, our vote today is procedural and does not prejudge Peru's position on the issue. This is based on respect for international law and the purposes and principles enshrined in the UN Charter. These basics include the sovereign equality among states, non-intervention in internal affairs, the peaceful settlement of disputes, and international cooperation. These are the essential pillars of our international order, and they are foundational elements of the Peruvian foreign policy. This is a state policy. President Peru would like to reiterate that Respect for the sovereignty of countries and non-interference should be complemented with the full protection and promotion of human rights as well as fundamental freedoms in all countries without distinction. Promoting and upholding human rights constitutes an erga omnes obligation. All member states of the United Nations have the duty to promote and uphold human rights and fundamental freedoms and to cooperate with the universal system to ensure that they continue to be fully relevant. In that framework, Peru considers that the economic, commercial, and financial blockade cannot be a pretext to justify violations of fundamental freedoms or restrictions. And therefore, once again, we urge the Cuban government to address the recommendations drafted by U.N. mechanisms and— as well as to adopt the necessary measures to ensure the full respect and protection of human dignity of all people living in its territory. True solidarity with the Cuban people demands from the international community to provide protection to those who require it and respect for international law and the provisions of the UN Charter. This preferentially includes promoting and respecting fundamental freedoms, one of the three pillars of our organization. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Peru. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria.

Thank you, President. Algeria aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77 and China, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. And we wish to add the following remarks. First, we welcome the participation of His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodrigues Parrilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba, and we commend his country's enduring commitment to the principle of solidarity, of dignity, of independence. President, Algeria expresses expressed its deep concern over the significant socio-economic and humanitarian consequences of the unilateral coercive measures imposed on the people of Cuba, especially women and children. Unilateral coercive measures which hinder the country's capacity to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. And we therefore call for the lifting of these measures and for finding— for ending the embargo in conformity with international law. In conformity with the purpose and principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. In light of the recent developments in the region, Algeria urges all parties to exercise maximum restraint and to demonstrate a heightened sense of responsibility in order to spare the entire Latin American region from any further instability or tension. Finally, President, and while recalling the importance of maintaining Latin America and the Caribbean as a zone of peace. My country, Algeria, reiterates its strong conviction that constructive dialogue, that diplomacy, that negotiations in good faith, and the peaceful settlement of disputes remain the only sustainable and credible path to resolving differences, to preventing escalation, to preserving peace, security, and stability in the whole region and beyond. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Algeria. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Vietnam.

Mr. President, Vietnam associates itself with the statements of ASEAN, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Group of 77 and China. For almost 7 decades, the economic, commercial, and financial embargo against Cuba has severely constrained its development and the daily lives of its people. And for 33 years, this Assembly has repeatedly, every year, called for an end to this embargo. It is therefore regrettable and deeply concerning that measures have been taken to further tighten the embargo, especially restrictions on oil and energy supplies and measures with extraterritorial effects on third states and their entities engaged in legitimate economic and commercial relations with Cuba. These restrictions have placed additional pressure on essential public services and humanitarian operations in Cuba, including by UN agencies. They have disrupted healthcare and education. They have disrupted supplies of food and medicine. And their consequences are particularly serious for ordinary Cuban people, especially women and children. Many figures have been cited today, but one that is particularly striking is that over 100,000 patients, including some 12,000 children, cannot receive life-saving surgeries, not because of the lack of doctors or of medicine, but because of the lack of energy. Due to these new restrictions being imposed. Vietnam, therefore, reiterates our consistent call for the immediate and complete lifting of the embargo against Cuba, including all measures with extraterritorial effects, and we call for Cuba's removal from the United States' list of state sponsors of terrorism. We call for respect for Cuba's sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, right to self-determination, and chosen development path. We reject the threat or use of force, coercion, or interference in Cuba's internal affairs. We call for constructive dialogue, peaceful settlement of disputes, and the exercise of restraint to prevent further escalation. We call on the international community to support Cuba's efforts in addressing its urgent humanitarian and development needs. Vietnam highly values Cuba's longstanding contributions to international solidarity and to the promotion of peace, progress, and development. Our two countries share a special friendship forged through decades of solidarity and mutual support. Vietnam will continue to stand with Cuba and provide practical assistance, particularly in securing food security and agricultural development. In Vietnam, for the last 4 decades, under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, we have engaged in a process of doi moi reforms and international integration, and we have seen a transformation of the country and the livelihoods of our people. It is in this spirit that we welcome Cuba's recently announced reform efforts, and we have full confidence that Cuba will overcome all challenges and advance forward on their chosen development path. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Vietnam. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Egypt.

Sayyed Rais.

Mr. President, Mr. Bruno Eduardo Rodrigues Faria, Foreign Minister of Cuba. Cuba members, my delegation aligns itself with the statements by Uruguay on behalf of the G7 and China, the delegation of Mali on behalf of the African Group, and Uganda on behalf of NAM, and Turkey on behalf of the OIC. Mr. President, Egypt reiterates its firm position in support of the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, foremost among them respect for the sovereignty of states, non-interference in their internal affairs, sovereign equality of states, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. We also stress the importance of refraining from taking unilateral economic or trade measures that are contrary to international law and the Charter of the United Nations. They negatively affect the economic and social development of states and peoples. Egypt believes that constructive dialogue and international cooperation are the best path to addressing differences among states in a way that contributes to promoting stability and development and achieving common interests away from policies and actions that aggravate economic and humanitarian conditions. Mr. President, the continuing negative effects of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo against the Republic of Cuba and its repercussions affect the ability of the Cuban people to obtain basic needs as well as sustainable development efforts. These could be achieved through stable economic and trade relations. In this context, Egypt reiterates the importance of respecting the decisions of the international community and the resolution the successive resolutions of the General Assembly that called for an end to the embargo imposed on Cuba in order to enable its people to achieve their legitimate aspirations for development and prosperity. Egypt stresses that the continuation of unilateral actions does not serve the objectives of international cooperation or the spirit of solidarity that our multilateral system needs now more than ever. Mr. President, Egypt voted by abstaining on the decision to reopen the item on the embargo imposed against Cuba, the item on the agenda of the 80th session of the General Assembly. This is based on a principled Egyptian position to reject any politicization of procedural matters that pertain to the work of the principal organs of the United Nations. Putting the decision to a vote reflects a politicization of the procedural rules that Egypt has long refused to address, I think.

I thank the distinguished representative of Egypt. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Indonesia aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of ASEAN, the Non-Aligned Movement, the OIC, and the Group of 77 and China. Mr. President, when this Assembly gathered last October, the overwhelming majority of member states sent a clear and unified message calling for an end of the unilateral coercive measures, or UCM. During that meeting, Indonesia reaffirmed its rejection of all efforts to further entrench the unilateral embargo against Cuba. Regrettably, instead of progress, we are confronted with alarming setbacks. Recent measures targeting fuel shipments have triggered severe energy shortages, disrupting electricity generation and the functioning of essential public services. These actions directly impair the enjoyment of basic human rights, particularly the rights to food and health, while placing a significant strain on key economic actors. The heaviest burden of this economic chokehold continues to be borne by ordinary citizens, especially children, women, and the elderly. I must reiterate that UCM have no place in the multilateral system and have no basis in international law. It undermines the principles of sovereign equality, non-interference, and non-intervention. At a time when the international community is striving to attain sustainable development, actions that deliberately impede such progress are unacceptable. Mr. President, the dangerous escalation in rhetoric further aggravates the already severe economic pressures caused by these measures. Indonesia is deeply concerned by statements suggesting aggression and the use of force against Cuba. Such rhetoric poses a severe risk to regional peace and security. At a time when the international community looks to the United Nations for leadership, it is important that this organization ensure the equal rights of all states and advance peaceful settlement of disputes. Grounded also in the spirit of Bandung Principles, we urge the international community to strive for constructive dialogue that can bring these measures to an end. Indonesia will continue to stand in solidarity with the government and people of Cuba and call for the immediate, complete, unconditional lifting of this embargo. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Indonesia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Equatorial Guinea.

Gracias, señor Presidente.

Thank you, Mr. President.

I would like to begin by welcoming the presence of His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodríguez Parilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. We wish him the warmest of welcomes and we wish him a happy stay in the beautiful city of New York. At the same time, I would like to express our delegation's support for the statements delivered on behalf of the African Group, the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Group of 77 and China. And we would like to add the following in our national capacity. Mr. President, For more than half a century, we have been paying close attention to the harm and damages which, at various points, the economic, commercial, and financial blockade imposed by the United States of America against Cuba has been causing in the society of the Caribbean state. This is a subject which for many years has been dealt with in this body of the greatest universal participation and which thus far has not yet been resolved. Cuba and the United States have an important place in the history and in the hearts of millions of people around the world. Each of these nations possesses strengths that deserve to be recognized and respected. Their histories are different. The paths they have taken have been different, and their perspectives do not always coincide. However, those differences should not be an obstacle to recognizing the values that both nations share, such as love for the family, the wish to prosper, pride in one's roots, and the hope of building a better future for subsequent generations. Based on this, we believe in the empathy of the authorities and people of the United States for the suffering and brotherly Cuban people, which is going through enormous difficulties such as in access to certain goods, opportunities, and trade opportunities, preventing them from achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations. Mr. President, today's world needs more dialogue rather than more confrontation, more cooperation rather than division, and more respect rather than prejudices. When we are able to understand the best that every country has to offer, we can open the door to understanding and strengthen the links that bind peoples. May Cuba and the United States open the door to a future in which mutual respect, cooperation, and cultural exchange can allow them to overcome their differences and to build relationships that are based on trust, peace, and shared benefits, because genuine progress Peace is born when nations recognize their shared humanity and are able to work together for the well-being of all. Before concluding, Mr. President, Equatorial Guinea invites the parties to promote a culture of peace, reconciliation, and cooperation. Differences should never prevent us from recognizing our shared humanity. And commitment to the well-being of peoples should always be the main goal. It is only thus that we will be able to move towards a future in which dialogue can replace confrontation and in which solidarity can prevail over divisions. Having said that, we very much hope that in a near future, the United States of America will surprise the world and declare the end of the economic, commercial, and financial blockade imposed against the neighboring and sisterly Republic of Cuba. Thank you very much.

Muchas gracias, the distinguished representative of Equatorial Guinea. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya.

Mr. President, distinguished delegates, Kenya associates itself with the statement delivered On behalf of the African Group and wishes to make additional remarks in our national capacity. For over 3 decades, the General Assembly has spoken with clarity and the consistency on this matter. The overwhelming majority of member states have called for an end to the economic, commercial, and financial embargo against Cuba. Kenya has supported this call as a matter of principle, fairness, and respect for international law. Kenya's position is anchored in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, including sovereign equality, non-interference in the internal affairs of states, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. As a country whose diplomacy is rooted in dialogue bridge-building, and respect for international law, Kenya remains concerned by unilateral coercive measures, particularly those with extraterritorial implications, which undermine international cooperation and the pursuit of sustainable development. Kenya believes that the international community is best served when nations choose dialogue over isolation, cooperation over confrontation, diplomacy over measures that deepen hardship. This approach is consistent with Kenya's conviction that peace, security, and development are mutually reinforcing and that no people should be denied the opportunity to advance their national development through peaceful means. Accordingly, Kenya reiterates its call for the lifting of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo against Cuba, including measures with extraterritorial effect, in line with the repeated resolutions of this Assembly. We further encourage sustained dialogue and constructive engagement among the parties concerned with a view to solving outstanding issues peacefully and in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations. And international law. Kenya will continue to stand for a multilateral order that gives voice to all nations, protects the vulnerable, advances development, and upholds the principles of justice, equality, and solidarity among the peoples. I thank you all.

I thank the distinguished representative of Kenya. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mexico.

Mr. President, the historic relationship between Mexico and Cuba has very deep roots, roots which overlap as part of a shared history of the struggle for dignity which transcends time. José Martí, the hero of Cuban independence, found refuge from persecution in Mexico together with an intellectual homeland where he was able to draw on diverse Latin American intellectual traditions. This left its mark on his destiny and ultimately that of its that of his people. But Mexico's fraternal links with Cuba go far beyond Martí's memory. For example, our country opposed the expulsion of Cuba from the Organization of American States in the '60s, as well as the breaking off of diplomatic relations with the country. Mexico saw that demand as undue interference in the internal affairs of the island. We maintained at the time what we maintain today, that it is for the Cuban people and only for the Cuban people to decide their destiny free of pressure and free of external impositions. For that reason, we reiterate our historic and consistent position in opposition to the economic, commercial, and financial blockade imposed on Cuba for more than 6 decades, considering it to be contrary to international law incompatible with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, alien to peaceful coexistence of countries, and an obstacle to the development of the Cuban people. Mexico advocates for the peaceful settlement of disputes and therefore rejects unilateral coercive measures and trade embargoes. They only harm the well-being of peoples. They do not build regions of peace nor of prosperity. The multilateral order is based on legal— the legal and sovereign equality of states. And the self-determination of peoples. These are pillars which must prevail in the item before us. Self-determination is a right that is enshrined in Article 1 of the Charter, and its full exercise by the Cuban people requires the lifting of the sanctions which today are hampering it. The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights warned in June that the recent restrictions and the harshening of extraterritorial sanctions taken together are directly harming Cubans. Especially the most vulnerable. When unilateral measures prevent timely access to medicines, delay thousands of surgeries, or limit the arrival of humanitarian assistance, the impact stops being measured in mere figures and starts instead to be measured in lives. Children are dying because doctors do not have access to medical supplies, all while the infant mortality rate doubles and why the child cancer survival rate drops. The worsening humanitarian situation makes it essential to put an end to these measures in order to reverse the complex economic and social situation that Cuba is facing and to move towards a more prosperous hemisphere with more solidarity and, above all, one that is more just and peaceful. Moreover, my country reiterates its call to to remove Cuba from the list of state sponsors of terrorism. Its continued presence on that list continues to generate additional obstacles for financial transactions and international trade on the island. Mexico has worked to strengthen regional integration, to expand political dialogue, and to deepen cooperation with the countries of our region. And faithful to that tradition of solidarity, Mexico has also provided assistance to the brotherly peoples that require it because humanism is the essence of what Mexicans are. The President of Mexico, Claudia Sheinbaum, has reiterated that our country will continue to dispatch humanitarian assistance to Cuba via the provision of foodstuffs, supplies, and fundamental inputs to alleviate the suffering and the most pressing needs of the Cuban people, and will also continue to provide assistance in the movement of assistance provided to the island by other countries in the region. These actions reflect our conviction that international cooperation and solidarity among peoples constitute the best response to the difficulties that our nations face. We reiterate our great readiness to continue building bridges and promoting dialogue. Mr. President, on the 29th of October, this General Assembly spoke out by a great majority for the 33rd time to put an end to the blockade against Cuba. It is time to prioritize dialogue, cooperation, and understanding. Allowing Cuba to fully integrate into the international community without restrictions will help to strengthen multilateralism and respect for the principles and purposes enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. Mexico once again makes an urgent call upon the international community to address the humanitarian crisis in Cuba. We must support the appeals of millions of Cubans and all of those who believe in a possible world of free nations. Thank you very much.

Muchas gracias, distinguished representative of Mexico. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Mr. President, we're grateful for the organization of this particularly relevant debate, particularly relevant in the current international context marked by the growing number of conflicts, the uptick in hostilities, and the rising number of humanitarian crises which are increasingly complex. We welcome the presence of His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodrigues, Minister of Foreign Relations of the Republic of Cuba at this significant meeting. Venezuela is taking the floor to reaffirm its commitment to principles that are not subject to short-term circumstances or particular interests, but rather which constitute the basis of the international order enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. Respect for the Charter, the sovereign equality of states, non-interference in internal affairs and the prohibition of the threat or the use of force. In this context, we express our solidarity with Cuba in the face of an exacerbated humanitarian situation and also economic, commercial, and financial measures which punish an entire people. Our call is clear and it is born out of the norm, which is that sovereignty Self-determination and independence are inalienable principles which the United Nations must promote and foster proact— and work proactively to preserve. The economic blockade of Cuba is an example of the negative impacts of unilateral coercive measures on the well-being of peoples, preventing citizens from enjoying and fully exercising their human rights. It is something that affects all of the crucial sectors of the Cuban economy, including public health, nutrition, and agriculture, as well as banking, commerce, investment, and tourism. Moreover, it deprives Cuba of access to markets, of the assistance of international financial institutions and technology transfers, and is also an obstacle to the country's socioeconomic development. Equally, it hinders Cuba's efforts to achieve sustainable development, including the goals established as part of the 2030 Agenda. Mr. President, when there are restrictions which undermine the functioning of essential services, making it harder to acquire foodstuffs, medicines, medical supplies, and when access to critical care such as maternal and infant care, radiotherapy, and dialysis are affected, we are not dealing with an abstract debate. We are talking about real consequences on the life, the health, and the survival of an entire people. These practices constitute collective punishment. They do not distinguish. They do not negotiate. They do not prioritize human life. That approach is contrary to the spirit of the United Nations Charter, which is the legal armour that should be protecting our peoples. Venezuela calls upon states to refrain from adopting and applying any economic, financial, or commercial measure that is unilateral outside the bounds of international law and the Charter of the United Nations. In that regard, this General Assembly has a particular responsibility of upholding the purposes and principles of the Charter and ensuring that the international community does not normalize this— worsening humanitarian situation as a predictable outcome of coercive measures. With that in mind, Venezuela supports the holding of this plenary meeting to consider the urgent need to put an end to all measures affecting Cuba and its people, and also to reaffirm the fundamental role of the General Assembly in defending international law, multilateralism, and the protection of the life— a life of human dignity and the well-being of peoples. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

Muchas gracias, distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gabón.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation would like to thank you for convening this additional plenary meeting following the request made by the Cuban delegation and is taking the floor to reaffirm with conviction and permanence the position— the principal position of Gabon on the subject before us today. Gabon aligns itself with the statements delivered by the African Group, the G77 and China, and by the Non-Aligned Movement. And in our national capacity, we would like to add the following. Mr. President, my country notes with concern the accelerated deterioration of the humanitarian situation on the island of Cuba. Following the harshening of the blockade, in particular in the energy sector that continues to— that it continues to be affected by. My country expresses its concern over the accumulated effects of this, which is affecting a population already tested by natural disasters. We therefore commend the international solidarity shown during the passage of Hurricane Melissa in October, which affected millions of Cubans in the east of Cuba. Excellencies, Gabon nevertheless regrets that the humanitarian action plan for Cuba remains underfunded even as needs continue to grow. In that regard, we call upon the international community to intensify its support for this multifaceted United Nations plan and commends the sustained actions of the organization towards economic diversification and for the Cuban energy transition in accordance with the National Development Plan of Cuba and the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. Mr. President, in these circumstances, the delegation of Gabon reiterates its tireless support for the comprehensive lifting of the commercial, economic, and financial restrictions imposed on Cuba. All measures aimed at hardening or expanding this blockade can only exacerbate the already precarious living conditions of the Cuban population. Like other nations that has— bear a care for justice and international cooperation, Gabon hopes that without delay Cuba can fully and freely participate in international trade without extraterritorial restrictions and that it can benefit from access to international financing mechanisms that it is currently excluded from. Gabon's position stems from an established and reaffirmed doctrine that is based on three interlinked pillars. First of all, the sovereign equality of states, to the extent that the blockade directly contravenes the principle of sovereign equality and non-interference as enshrined in the United Nations Charter. Next, there is the rejection of unilateral and extraterritorial measures because these provisions, by hindering commercial and financial relations of third countries with Cuba also undermines South-South cooperation and deprive these actors from the advantages of fruitful cooperation with Cuba, particularly when it comes to shared development projects. And lastly, there is the proven humanitarian impact because it has been imposed for more than 6 decades, and this embargo continues to weigh heavily on the living conditions of the Cuban people. This was reaffirmed at the highest levels of the state by the head of state of Gabon, His Excellency Mr. Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema, at the general debate of the 80th session of the General Assembly. Mr. President, it is time to put an end to this anachronistic embargo. Gabon will continue, as it has always done, to work for the sake of international law, for justice, and for the dignity of the Cuban people. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished Representative of Gabon. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Timor-Leste.

Mr. President, Excellencies, Timor-Leste aligns itself with the statements delivered by the Republic of Singapore on behalf of ASEAN, by Uruguay on behalf of G77 and China, and Uganda on behalf of NAM. Timor-Leste warmly welcomes His Excellency Mr. Bruno Eduardo Rodrigues Parrilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. His presence reaffirms Cuba's active engagement with multilateral diplomacy and its lasting— reaffirms Cuba's active engagement in multilateral diplomacy and its lasting commitment to dialogue, cooperation, and the principles of the Charter. Mr. President, Timor-Leste's position is guided by the purposes of the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, including respecting full sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of a state, adherence to international law, and the promotion of sustainable development and human dignity. Timor-Leste values its close partnership with the United States, whose support has been instrumental to our state-building and democratic development. We equally cherish our longstanding friendship with Cuba, who has decades of medical cooperation, education, and capacity-building have made an enduring contribution to our country development. This important relationship reinforces our convictions that dialogue, mutual respect, and constructive engagement remain the most effective means of resolving differences. The continuation of the embargo imposes significant humanitarian and economic costs on the Cuban people, affecting access to essential goods, financial investment, and opportunities for sustainable development. Whatever its intended objective, it is ordinary Cubans who will continue to bear the greatest burdens. Mr. President, Excellencies, as a young nation rebuilt itself through international solidarity, Timor-Leste has learned that lasting development is achieved through partnership. We have also learned that sustainable progress is best advanced through cooperation, mutual trust, and national efforts that strengthen resilience, expand opportunities, and improve the well-being of all people. In this spirit, Team Oreste encourages renewed dialogue and constructive engagement between the United States and Cuba. We reiterate our support for the lifting of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo and encourage continued effort to create conditions for greater cooperation, mutual confidence, and sustainable development. We also reiterate our support for the removal of Cuba from the United States the UN's list of state sponsors of terrorism. Mr. President, Excellencies, by supporting the resolutions, Timor-Leste reaffirms that commitment to multilateralism, respect for international law, peaceful dialogue, and international cooperation. We remain convinced that differences between states are best resolved through dialogue and constructive engagement underpinned by mutual respect in accordance with the purposes and the principles of the United Nations Charter. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Timor-Leste. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ghana.

Mr. President, Ghana aligns itself with the statements delivered by the G77 and China, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the African Group as a testament of our solidarity with the brotherly people of the government of Republic of Cuba. Ghana has consistently advocated for an end to the economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed on Cuba by the United States. Our position is grounded in a firm conviction that all peoples possess the fundamental right to participate in, contribute to, and benefit from economic, social, cultural, and political development as enshrined in the 1986 Declaration on the Rights to Development and reaffirmed in numerous resolutions of the General Assembly. Yet, despite the unequivocal and consistent expression of international the international community's condemnation of the embargo imposed on Cuba since 1962, and in the recent adoption of Resolution 80/4 last October, this measure remains in place, constraining the country's capacity to modernize its economy, to participate fully and freely in global trade, and to advance the well-being of its people. Mister President, the call for the complete and unconditional lifting of this embargo once again resonated powerfully in this hall at the high-level general debate of the 80th session, as a multitude of world leaders, particularly from the nations of the Global South, including Ghana, reaffirmed their opposition to these unilateral coercive measures and reiterated the collective demand that such actions against a sovereign member state of the United Nations must come to an end. For Ghana, our steadfast and consistent support for this resolution is rooted not only in our longstanding bonds of friendship and solidarity that unite us and the people of Cuba, but also in our deep concern over the enduring wide-ranging adverse effects of the embargo, including the recent unilateral coercive measures on health, energy supply, banking systems, agricultural produce. Over the years, this policy has proven not to be only detrimental to the well-being and the aspirations of the Cuban people, but also destructive to the border regions and the international community at large. Its extraterritorial application continues to impose undue burdens on third states, contravening both the principles of sovereign equality and norms of fair and equitable international economic relations. The persistent situation in Cuba remains an affront to the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, the rule of law, and the fundamental human rights of citizens, which are universal principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter, which member states subscribe to. As member states come together towards nearing unanimous position on this matter, we urge the United Nations, as a founding advocate of this rules-based order, to abide by these set values. United States must resolve to alternative and peaceful means of addressing its concerns with the government of Cuba, including the removal of all economic sanctions and the delisting of Cuba from its national list of state sponsors of terrorism. In conclusion, Mr. President, Ghana reaffirms its commitment and solidarity with the brotherly people of Cuba in its quest to even continue to defend their right to development as enshrined in Agenda 2030. Ghana reiterates the call for the lifting of economic, commercial, and financial embargo on Cuba for the resolution of this impasse through peaceful means. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Ghana. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone.

Mr. President, distinguished delegates, Sierra Leone aligns itself with the statements delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, Mali on behalf of the African Group, and Türkiye on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. I make these additional remarks in my national capacity. I acknowledge the esteemed presence of His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodríguez Parilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. Guided by international law and the United Nations Charter, Sierra Leone is unequivocal in its call for the economic the economic, commercial, and financial embargo imposed against Cuba to be brought to an end. The continuation of the embargo is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, in particular the sovereign equality of states, non-intervention in the internal affairs of states, and the freedom of international trade and navigation, as reaffirmed in the 1970 Friendly Relations Declaration. The embargo's extraterritorial application to third states and their nationals compounds these concerns. The overwhelming adoption of Resolution A/80/4 in October 2025 stands as this Assembly's collective affirmation that the embargo must end. Mr. President, the embargo also carries a profound humanitarian cost. UN reporting in 2025 and 2026 indicates that sustained economic pressure is worsening shortages of food, medicines, and essential supplies and contributing to prolonged blackouts, heightening the risk of humanitarian collapse. That burden falls overwhelmingly upon ordinary Cubans—women, children, the elderly, and the infirm. Further, The restrictions on credit, technology, and normal commercial relations are difficult to reconcile with the right of development and with our shared pledge under the 2020 Agenda to leave no one behind. Elementary considerations of humanity demand that sanctions never impair the basic needs and dignity of a civilian population. Sierra Leone is further concerned by measures adopted in 2025 and 2026 that heighten the sanctions architecture, including the declaration of a national emergency and tariff processes directed at third states supplying oil to Cuba. We recall that Article 2, Paragraph 4 of the Charter prohibits the threat or use of force and that Article 2, Paragraph 3 obliges the peaceful settlement of disputes. Escalation can only be counterproductive. Sierra Leone therefore joins member states in calling for the lifting of the embargo and for constructive engagement with the government of the Republic of Cuba through the peaceful means set out in Article 33 of the Charter, geared towards the normalization of relations to the benefit of the people and the international community as a whole. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Guinea-Bissau.

Thank you, Mr. President. Allow me, first of all, to welcome His Excellency Mr. Bruno Rodríguez Padilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Cuba. Guinea-Bissau aligns itself with the statement made on behalf of the African Group, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of G77, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. For over 3 decades, the General Assembly repeatedly voted resolutions calling for the end of the economic, commercial, and financial embargo embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba. Over the years, the resolutions have consistently received overwhelming support from member states, reflecting a strong international consensus against the embargo. The recent measures imposed against Cuba have deteriorated the situation on the island, causing untold humanitarian suffering on the population, in particular children, women, elderly, and persons with disabilities. They also worsened the disruption of the functioning of essential sectors such as electricity generation, transportation, food production, health services, education, and other indispensable activities that sustain daily life. Excellencies, enduring ties of solidarity and cooperation bind Guinea-Bissau and Cuba. Guinea-Bissau reiterates its call for an end to the economic, commercial, and financial embargo and other kinds of restrictions imposed against Cuba. Guinea-Bissau reaffirms its unwavering solidarity with the government and the people of Cuba and reiterates its commitment to a multilateral order based on justice, respect, cooperation among nations, and faithful adherence to the purposes and the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. Excellencies, it is never said enough that Cuba, a founding member of the United Nations, has made multiple positive contributions over the decades to Africa and beyond, particularly in the Global South. Mr. President, unilateral coercive measures and legislation contrary to international law— contrary to the Charter of the United Nations and contrary to the norms and principles governing peaceful relations among States— are unacceptable. Lasting solutions to international differences can only be achieved through peaceful means, not through unilateral measures that place greatest burden on ordinary citizens. We call on the United States of America to lift the blockade imposed on the people and the government of Cuba. Thank you, Mr. Chair. Mr.

President.

Thank you, the distinguished representative of Guinea-Bissau. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Czechia.

Mr. President, the Czech Republic decided to vote. Against what can be only described as a naked attempt by the Cuban regime to deflect blame for its own transgressions and failures. The facts are incontrovertible. The ruling regime in Havana bears sole responsibility for the suffering of its people and for the crisis now engulfing the island. The dire economic and social conditions in Cuba are the direct result of decades of systematic mismanagement, of the failure to undertake fundamental economic and political reform, and of the relentless suppression of basic human rights and freedoms. However loudly the regime points its finger abroad, these failures remain its own. As we have witnessed today, The Cuban regime fervently invokes international solidarity, sovereignty, and the UN Charter. Yet it readily supports Russia's brutal and illegal war of aggression against Ukraine. A member state that supports the violation of another state's sovereignty and territorial integrity is in no position to lecture this Assembly on international law and solidarity. Mr. President, Let there be no misunderstanding. The Czech Republic is fully aware of and deeply concerned by the critical situation on the ground in Cuba. We do not dispute the immense daily hardship faced by the Cuban people, including severe shortages of food, medicine, and electricity. We recognize the necessity of humanitarian assistance to alleviate the suffering, and we fully support efforts to address the urgent needs of the Cuban people. Mr. President, the message this Assembly should be sending to the regime in Havana is a simple one: if you truly wish to end the suffering of the Cuban people, stop fearing your own citizens. Stop imprisoning them. Stop denying them fundamental freedoms. And open your economy to genuine reform. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Czechia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka.

Thank you, Mr. President. Sri Lanka aligns itself with the statements delivered by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Alignment Movement and Uruguay on behalf of the Group 77 and China, and wishes to make the following remarks in its national capacity. Sri Lanka remains deeply concerned by the continued imposition of unilateral coercive measures embargoes against Cuba over 6 decades, which are contrary to the principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and the norms of international law. It is evident that the unilateral actions imposed on Cuba cause difficult consequences for the well-being of the civilians and for the economic and social development of the country. Sri Lanka is concerned about the barriers created by these embargoes. Particularly their impact on human rights and well-being of the Cuban population. Of particular concern are the challenges related to the procurement of medical supplies, vaccines, and essential equipment, especially during public health emergencies. The humanitarian consequences of such restrictions are deeply troubling. Access to healthcare should not be politicized. Or hindered by extraterritorial economic measures. We also note the impacts of the embargo on the energy, food, and agriculture sectors in Cuba. Such obstructions to progress in the agricultural sector have a direct impact on its efforts to reach food security in the country. Unfortunately, the most vulnerable segment in these situations is women and children. At a time when the world is collectively taking action to end global hunger, sanctions should not cause such resulting hunger in any country. We believe the time has come to lift this embargo. There is no doubt that this embargo has hindered Cuba's path towards sustainable development and adversely affected the fundamental human rights of the Cuban people. The blockade has resulted in billions of dollars in losses to the Cuban economy, constraining economic growth and limiting access to essential goods and services. The reality remains that its greatest burden is borne by ordinary citizens, who continue to face the most severe social and economic consequences. The Cuban people should be afforded the same opportunities for development and prosperity as those enjoyed by people in other countries. Greater openness to trade and economic exchanges should be encouraged in order to support sustainable development and improve living standards. Humanitarian considerations, dialogue, and international cooperation should prevail over division. In conclusion, Sri Lanka reiterates that purposes and principles of the UN Charter should be reaffirmed and obligations set forth in the UN Charter should be addressed with urgency. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mozambique.

Mr. President, Mozambique aligns itself with the statements delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the G77 and plus China, by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and by Mali on behalf of the African Union group. Mozambique wishes to make the following remarks on its national capacity. The fact that the General Assembly meets today for an additional debate on this item is very significant. It reflects a shared recognition that developments over recent months have deepened the humanitarian consequences of coercive measures in Cuba and that this board cannot remain silent. The compounding effect of repeated natural disasters, persistent energy shortage, and the prolonged application of unilateral coercive measures have placed severe pressure on essential public services and on the daily the lives of millions of Cuban citizens. Access to healthcare, medicines, electricity, food, clean water, and other basic services has become increasingly difficult, with the heaviest burden falling on the most vulnerable. Mr. President, these realities should concern us all. Humanitarian suffering should never be normalized as an inevitable byproduct of unresolved political difference between states. Innocent civilian populations must not bear a disproportionate burden from measures whose humanitarian reach extends far beyond their stated objectives. This is not a matter of principle— this is a matter of principle, not of politics. Therefore, Mozambique reaffirms its firm and consistent opposition to unilateral coercive measures that are incompatible with the Charter of the United Nations and international law. Extraterritorial application of such measures compounds their impact, further their impact, and further undermines the rules-based international order that this very Assembly exists to uphold. We call for the full and unconditional lifting of these— of the unilateral coercive measures. We also remain firmly convinced that the dialogue is the only way forward. We encourage the continued engagement between Cuba and the United States, grounded in mutual respect, constructive cooperation, sovereign equality, and the purposes and principles of the Charter. The future of Cuba belongs to the Cuban people. They have the sovereign right to determine their own political, economic, and social course, free from external coercion. Let this debate, therefore, serve not not only to reaffirm principles, but also to encourage practical steps that reduce humanitarian hardship, foster mutual confidence, and strengthen the conditions for peaceful and constructive engagement.

I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Mozambique. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zambia.

Mr. President, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, Zambia aligns with the statement delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement, and Mali on behalf of the Africa Group. We extend our appreciation to you, President, for convening this plenary. At the outset, Zambia reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, particularly the sovereign equality of states respect for territorial integrity and political independence, non-interference in the internal affairs of states, and the peaceful settlement of disputes through dialogue and diplomacy. Mr. President, Zambia has consistently maintained that differences between states should be resolved through constructive engagement and mutual respect. We therefore encourage all concerned parties to engage in dialogue in good faith refrain from actions or rhetoric that could heighten tensions, and pursue peaceful solutions that promote stability, cooperation, and mutual understanding. We remain concerned by reports highlighting the humanitarian challenges facing the people of Cuba, including constraints affecting access to essential medicines, healthcare services, food security, and other necessities. Regardless of the underlying political differences, it is always ordinary men, women, and children who bear the greatest burden of prolonged disputes. Zambia therefore expresses its solidarity with the people of Cuba and hopes that every effort will be made to alleviate humanitarian suffering and improve their well-being. Mr. President, Zambia believes that international peace and security are best preserved through adherence to international law and the Charter of the United Nations. In this regard, we underscore the importance of respecting the principle of sovereignty, equality, non-interference, non-intervention, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. We further reiterate that the threat or use of force violence has no place in the conduct of international relations, and that diplomacy must always remain the preferred path for addressing differences between states. As a longstanding supporter of multilateralism, Zambia believes that the United Nations provides the appropriate forum for member states to engage constructively, build confidence, and seek mutually acceptable solutions to complex international challenges. Mr. President, our collective responsibility is to safeguard international peace, uphold human dignity, and ensure that no people are left to endure unnecessary hardships. Zambia therefore reiterates its call for dialogue, restraint, and renewed diplomatic engagement among all concerned parties. We remain committed to foster an environment conducive to peace, development, and prosperity for the people of Cuba and the wider international community. I thank you, Mr. President.

I thank the distinguished representative of Zambia. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of United Republic of Tanzania.

Mr. President and Excellencies, I have the honor to speak under the agenda item 38, necessity of ending the economic, commercial, financial embargo imposed against Cuba. At the outset, I wish to express our full support to the statement delivered by the African Group, Non-Aligned Movement,, and Group of 77 and China, which clearly outlines the grave humanitarian, economic, and legal consequences of the continued embargo. We echo deep concern delivered by the preceding speakers regarding the unprecedented tightening of unilateral coercive measures imposed on Cuba. The obstruction of fuel supplies, sanctions on third states engaged in legitimate trade, and secondary sanctions on foreign companies and banks have multiplied extraterritorial impact on the embargoes to the external level— to the to an extreme level. These actions violate the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, international law, and the norms governing friendly relations among states. Cuba's longstanding medical cooperation and solidarity have saved millions of lives— across the world. All contributions to global health, humanitarian response, and peace are widely recognized and deeply valued. We urge all parties to refrain from any further escalation and to engage in constructive dialogue aimed at fostering reconciliation and enabling the full removal of all embargo measures imposed against Cuba. Tanzania reaffirms its unwavering solidarity with Cuba and remains committed to supporting the full normalization of Cuba's economic and trade relations within a just and fair multilateral system. I thank you, Mr. Speaker.

I thank the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gambia.

Mr. President, The Gambia aligns itself with the statements made by the African Group, the G77 and China, Non-Aligned Movement, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Mr. President, let me begin by thanking you for convening this important meeting, which once again provides the Assembly with the opportunity to consider a matter of longstanding importance to the international community. The Gambia reaffirms its deep and enduring bond of friendship respect and solidarity with Cuba, underpinned by sovereign equality and a shared commitment to multilateralism. It is in this spirit that we reaffirm our principled position on the continued imposition of unilateral measures against Cuba. Mr. President, for more than 6 decades, The economic, commercial, and financial embargo against Cuba has continued to inflict undue hardship and economic devastation, hence occasioning substantial challenges for the government and people of Cuba. The Gambia maintains that such measures are inconsistent with the purpose and principles of the United Nations Charter international law, and the spirit of constructive international cooperation. The Gambia is gravely concerned by the recent intensification of the embargo. These developments have further compounded the longstanding challenges confronting the government and people of Cuba. We are equally concerned— that the embargo persists at a time when many developing countries, including our own, continue to face mounting and interconnected challenges. In this context, measures that further constrain the development prospects of any country run counter to the spirit of international cooperation and the collective pursuit of sustainable development. The Gambia has consistently supported the relevant General Assembly resolutions calling for an end to the embargo and continues to believe that dialogue, engagement, and cooperation remain the most constructive way forward. The Gambia once again calls for the immediate lifting of the embargo. The repeated consideration of this item by the General Assembly should serve as a reminder of the importance of translating the collective voice of the membership into meaningful action. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Gambia. I will now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Fiji.

Mr. President, I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Republic of Fiji. Let me first thank you for presiding over this meeting and thank the delegation of Cuba for bringing this question before the Assembly under Agenda Item 38. Fiji aligns itself with the statements delivered by Uruguay on behalf of the Group of 77 and China and Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. Mr. President, Fiji is a small island state. We have no great army, no vast market, none of the leverage that moves the affairs of powerful nations. What protects us, what protects every state of our size, is not our strength, but a body of rules held in common: the sovereign equality of all members, the peaceful settlement of disputes, and the principle that the affairs of a nation are settled by its own people, free of external compulsion. These are not abstractions to us. They are the terms on which small nations survive in a world of larger ones. It is from that conviction, and not from hostility towards any member, that Fiji has consistently opposed the use of unilateral coercive measures as instruments of political and economic pressure. Our position is one of longstanding. It does not change with the calendar, and it is not directed at one nation over another. And where such measures fall hardest upon ordinary people, the sick, the elderly, the child who have known nothing else, the humanitarian cost commands the attention of this This Assembly, whatever one's view of the wider dispute. Mr. President, Fiji does not come to this rostrum to condemn. We count the United States among our closest partners and our valued friends. That friendship is real, it is broad, and it is enduring. And nothing I say today diminishes it. But friendship among nations is among persons, it is not measured by the absence of disagreement. It is measured by the honesty with which disagreement is spoken and by the respect that survives it. Fiji would be a poor friend and a poorer custodian of its own principles were it to stay silent on a matter of this kind merely because the question is an uncomfortable one. Our appeal, therefore, is not to any party's pride, but to the instrument of this organization that was built to serve dialogue. Differences of this magnitude are not resolved by pressure in any direction. They are resolved across a table in good faith with regard for the dignity of those affected. Fiji encourages a return to that path and the lifting of measures that weigh under population, which is part of the decision of states. Mr. President, let me close where I began. The rules-based order is not the property of the strong; it is the shelter of the small. Fiji will uphold it consistently, without fear and without favor, towards friends and others alike, because of our own security and the security of every nation gathered in this hall rests finally upon it. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Fiji. We have heard the last speaker in the debate on this item for this meeting. We shall hear the remaining speakers on Friday, 10th of July. The program of the meeting will be announced in the Journal of the United Nations. The exercise of the right of reply has been requested. As announced in the President's letters dated 6 January and 20 May 2026, it had been proposed that the time limit for statements in the exercise of the right of reply under this item be limited to 5 minutes to 2 minutes for the first intervention and to 3 minutes for the second intervention. The delegation of Cuba has informed the President of its objection to this proposal. Accordingly, the proposed speaking time limit will not be applied to the exercise of the right of reply under this item. May I nonetheless remind delegations that statements in the exercise of the right of reply are limited to 10 minutes for the first intervention and to 5 minutes for the second intervention and should be made by delegations from their seats. I now call on the representative of Cuba for his intervention.

President Calderón.

Gracias. Thank you, Mr. President. Truth be told, this morning the team from the United States of America would have deserved a red card. I would like to contribute to this photo slideshow of Mr. Waltz with this one. This is a blackout in Havana because of the energy siege imposed by the US. Or how about this one? This is a Cuban family and the boy just got home from school. He's wearing his school uniform, but he is suffering in the dark. This photo is pretty dramatic, Mr. President. This is an operating room, and they are using a phone flashlight to operate. The cause: the energy siege imposed by the United States of America. This is international humanitarian aid that has to be distributed in carts pulled by oxen due to the energy siege imposed by the United States. Mr. Waltz referred to arbitrary detentions, as well as human rights repression and other issues. I would like to show you this picture. That's not in Cuba, Mr. President. That is in the United States of America during an ICE operation. In Cuba, you won't see images such as this one where you can see violent repression against protesters. Here is ICE detaining a small boy, a 5-year-old boy. The boy is named Liam Conejo. Here he is as he is being held by one of ISIS henchmen. That did not happen in Cuba. This woman cannot be liberated from jail. She is an American citizen, a worker. She comes from a good family, and she cannot be liberated because she was murdered by ICE. She was brutally murdered in cold blood. The representative of the United States referred to corruption. It is surprising that this is being done by a representative of the current government which is known for being a true plutocracy. It is known for illegal institutional corruption and the existence of so-called special interests and million-dollar financial campaigns. A company where money and corporations rule, where the electorate is manipulated and where lawfare is used for political means and where justice is politicized and corrupted. And that was here, not in Cuba, where the scandalous corruption was denounced— corruption inside the FBI. And the lies that Mr. Walt said about Cuban medical cooperation are offensive to the to tens of thousands of Cuban doctors and Cuban medical staff that service populations in remote areas and low-income areas. And it is also offensive to the 50 states that have received doctors and that are seated in 50 seats in this room. I will not refer to the Czech Republic's statement because I think we've had enough with 2 U.S. statements to add on a third one like that. The United States has denied the existence of the blockade, and I invite Mr. Waltz to read the statement from the White House spokesperson on the 30th of March and the President of the United States the day before that confirmed the existence of the blockade and specifically the total energy— the total hydrocarbon siege. We also heard other lies and more manipulation from the representative of the United States in order to try to damage the dignity and the solid unity of our people as part of their cognitive unconventional aggression that they have unleashed against Cuba. But they will not succeed. A minor official of the United States has spoken about great figures in our history. Mr. Waltz, no one will remember who you are, but Che Guevara will be born again and again in the heart of every Cuban that fights against the imperialism which you represent. It is offensive to our people when you quote our Commander-in-Chief, Fidel Castro Ruz, who several American governments were never able to defeat. In a few weeks in Cuba and the world, we will commemorate his centennial, and you implicitly referred to the leader of the Cuban Revolution, General Raúl Castro Ruz. And on his behalf, I would like to reiterate that he has his hand on the pulse and he is ready to defend our homeland. You have also referred to our President, who is an illuminated son of the revolution. And unlike you and unlike other American politicians, will be remembered like the rest of our people in the face of an imperialist aggression. I will reaffirm that Cuba will never hand over its sovereignty or its independence because some of its best sons and daughters have died for it. And whoever tries to take over Cuba, as Antonio Maceo said, will have to pick up the dust from the soil bathed in blood if they do not die in that battle. I thank you.

I now call on the representative of Chile— oh, sorry, of Paraguay.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Republic of Paraguay is exercising its right of reply as references to restrictions on the right of expression of member states. The Paraguay delegation was surprised by the decision to prevent it from exercising its explanation of vote as provided for in Rule 88 of the Rules of Procedure. This censorship cannot be and it will not be tolerated by our country. We reiterate the right of each state to explain the motives of their position. The Republic of Paraguay is exercising this right— this explanation of vote to explain its vote on the reopening of the item And that brings us to this meeting. This General Assembly each year discusses this item on the draft resolution put forward by the Cuban delegation in the second half of the year. The reopening of the debate implies a duplication of the work of this assembly in a context in which all member states have agreed in favor of optimizing the work of the General Assembly, avoiding overlap and duplication in the treatment of its numerous subjects. Moreover, I recall that The foreign policy of Paraguay is rooted in the principles and values of democracy as enshrined in its constitution. Its relations with other states are based on mutual respect, the common valuing of liberty, the rule of law, and the protection of human rights. Paraguay understands that the difficulties faced by Cuba are not the consequence of the blockade, but rather of the economic policy of the government that has brought the Cuban people to so much suffering. Moreover, we cannot ignore nor the fact that the political situation in that country where the government has denied the fundamental rights of its citizens needs— has been going on now for decades. This is the case for hundreds of thousands of people in many countries in Latin America and around the world. Paraguay reaffirms its commitment to a consistent foreign policy rooted in principles always guided by the prevention and promotion of democratic values and human rights. Thank you very much.

I call on the representative of Chile.

Señor Presidente.

Mr. President, Chile decided to abstain on the vote for this decision and would like to briefly I would like to explain its position. Chile is of the view that the treatment of this item remains within the framework of a binary discussion that does not reflect the complexity of the situation. Rather, it puts forward a division that reduces the debate to either being in favor of or against the embargo without any room for other concerns which have a direct impact on the well-being the Cuban people. This way of addressing the subject, in our view, tends towards the polarization of the discussion and, as the years have shown, has not helped resolve the underlying problem. Chile considers, based on its own historical experience, that this problem will only be able to be solved when Cuban citizens are consulted and are able to speak freely about their own destiny. My delegation would like to recall that the Charter of the United Nations rests upon interdependent and indivisible pillars: peace, security, development, and human rights. None of those pillars can be addressed in isolation, and human rights must be understood in their entirety, including civil and political rights. Having said this, my delegation cannot fail to express its concern over the human rights and political freedoms situation in Cuba. The lack of a reference to this in the debate that was put to a vote, in our view, constitutes a meaningful and unjustifiable omission. The worsening living conditions of the Cuban population cannot solely be explained by external factors. They are also impacted by restrictions on fundamental freedoms, political participation, and the full exercise of the civil civil and political rights of Cubans. Mr. President, Chile reaffirms its conviction that the Cuban people must be able to freely and without interference decide their own political, economic, and social destiny in a context of full respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. For the aforementioned reasons, Chile abstained on the vote on this subject. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

I call on the representative of Costa Rica.

Señor Presidente, mi delegación—

Mr. President, my delegation would like to refer to the response of the presidency with regards to the right to explanation— votes and the rules of procedure, Costa Rica reaffirms that the situation of the Cuban people cannot be analyzed without recognizing the responsibility of the regime that has governed the island for decades. Cubans have been deprived of fundamental liberties, including freedom of expression, freedom of association, and political participation, as well as the right to freely choose their own governors. And these systematic violations of human rights cannot be exclusively attributed to the embargo. Costa Rica calls for the immediate release of all people detained for peacefully exercising their rights. We call for the end of persecution against journalists, activists, and human rights defenders, and for free, transparent, and competitive elections. And on the basis of these principles and given the continued deterioration of the island, Costa Rica decided to break its diplomatic relations with Cuba in March of 2026. Our country will continue to promote, along with the international community, respect for human rights, democracy, the rule of law, and the dignity of the Cuban people. I thank you.

The Assembly has thus concluded this stage of its consideration of Agenda Item 38. The meeting is adjourned.