First Committee, 15th plenary meeting - General Assembly, 80th session

Good morning.

Good morning. Distinguished representatives.

The.

15Th Meeting of the Disarmament and International Security Committee, First Committee of the 80th Session of the General assembly is called to order. Before proceeding further, allow me to wish you, delegates and Secretariat, Happy United Nations Day as we celebrate the entry into force 80 years ago today of the United Nations Charter. Distinguished delegates, the Committee will now continue its thematic discussion under the cluster of conventional weapons. There are 70 speakers remaining on the list for this cluster. As delegations are aware, based on the current program of work, the Committee should conclude its consideration of the cluster today.

I would like to remind you that the Committee will meet all day today to consider the clusters on conventional weapons and outer space. Delegations wishing to exercise the right of reply will be able to do so once the Committee exhausts the list of speakers for the current cluster, which is likely to happen during the afternoon meeting. The first speaker on the list is His Excellency, the Permanent Representative of Guinea Bissau on behalf of Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries.

Senor. Mr. Chair, I have the honor to take the floor in this First Committee on behalf of the nine Member States of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries. CPLP expresses its deep concern about the ongoing conflicts and renews its call for peace, dialogue and strict compliance with the principles of international law, including United Nations Charter, with emphasis on respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity and self determinations of peoples. We are living in an international context marked by growing tensions, polarizing rhetoric and increased militarization, exacerbated by the proliferation and illicit trade in small arms and light weapons.

These weapons pose a direct threat to peace, security and sustainable development, with disproportionate impacts on civilians, especially women, children and persons with disabilities. In 2024, it is estimated that more than 270,000 people lost their lives in intentional murders involving small arms, representing about 46% of global violent deaths, a number higher than deaths in armed conflict, which amounted approximately to 200,000. Despite the commitments made under the 2030 Agenda, military expanding continues to grow. In 2024, it reached 2.7 trillion, an increase of 9.4% over 2023, the largest since the end of Cold War. Mr.

Chair, the United Nations Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons, together with international tracing instrument, remains an essential tool for preventing and eradicating the illicit trade in these weapons. We highlight two priority issues. First, the challenges posed by 3D printing of firearms, which allows for decentralized and untraceable production, requiring a coordinated response through harmonized international legislation and interinstitutional cooperation. Secondly, the importance of regional cooperation. The CPLP has promoted concrete initiatives such as the creation of the Network of National Focal Points for Firearms and Explosives and the Commission on Arms and Explosives within the Council of Police Chiefs, which strengthen tracking, information sharing and joint training.

We would also like to highlight the translation into Portuguese of the FRONTEX Guide on Firearms, a valuable tool for our border and Customs Services. Mr. Chair, the Secretary General New Agenda for Peace calls on States to reduce the human costs of weapons and to increase investment in prevention and social infrastructure. The CPLP reaffirms its commitment to sustainable peace, human security and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. Thank you very much.

I thank His Excellency the Permanent Representative of Guinea Pissau, speaking on behalf of the Community of Portuguese speaking Countries. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation.

Distinguished Chair of the Russian Federation affirms its continued dedication to obligations under the CCW and continues to call for its further strengthening through its universalization and its good faith implementation. We welcome the meaningful work with regard to the use of laws by the GGE that is Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems. We view this group as the optimal platform for discussing this topic and key issues linked to military uses of AI. In the context of implementing the Convention and reactions from the international community, the key of regime's crimes must be addressed. The Ukrainian armed forces are mining the territory of the Russian Federation to to significantly damage civilian infrastructure and the civilian population.

To this end, Kyiv's deliberately using inhumane types of weapons, mines, booby traps and IEDs.

These are a direct violation of basic principles of international humanitarian law, including amended protocol 2 to the convention and amended protocol 1 of 1977. The the Geneva Convention 1949. They used anti personnel mines and that's a violation of the Anti Personnel Mine Ban Convention.

We take part in the ATT and take part in its official measures with regard to and our standards are actually higher than the standards of the treaty. The situation in which certain parties to that Treaty directly or indirectly are providing military use goods into conflict zones. We believe it's important to further implement the UN POA on the prevention of illicit trade in salw, which in essence is the only specialized global document in the area of combating illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons. We continue to focus on the UNROKA as one of the key mechanisms for transparency and international security through tracing identification of destabilizing accumulation of weapons in different regions of the world. At the same time, we are skeptical about the attempts of certain countries to expand the scope of the Register remembering certain cases in which this was used for cases that were not under its scope, including identifying parameters of arms embargoes.

Thank you. I think the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malaysia.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Malaysia Associates itself with the statements made by NAM and asean. We reaffirm our commitment to the UNPOA on small arms and light weapons and its international Tracing Instrument iti. Building on the adoption by consensus of the outcome document of the fourth review conference, we should continue working towards a successful ninth biennial meeting of states in 2026.

We look forward to inter alia, discussions of the open ended Technical Expert Group on both the challenges and opportunities arising from recent developments in the manufacturing technology and design of Salwater. Malaysia underscores that enhanced international cooperation and assistance, including capacity building support remain vital in combating the illicit trade and misuse of salw. With regard to the global Framework for through life Ammunition management, my delegation welcomes the adoption by consensus of the recommendations of the preparatory meeting of States earlier this year which lays a solid foundation for for the Framework's effective and practical implementation. As a signatory to the Arms Trade Treaty ATT Malaysia recognizes the critical role of this instrument in preventing and combating the diversion and illicit transfer of conventional weapons. This is without prejudice to inherent rights of States to acquire, possess and use arms responsibly for security, self defense, research and trade purposes.

We continue to identify and review elements of relevant national legislative provisions that could be further aligned with the ATT's provisions and will continue to participate actively in regional initiatives to prevent, disrupt and combat arms smuggling through a strengthened ASEAN cooperation. Malaysia also appreciates ongoing multilateral discussions on emerging technologies in the context of lethal autonomous weapons systems laws. We welcome the informal consultation on laws convened in May 2025 pursuant to GA Resolution 79 62. Although Malaysia has not acceded to the Convention on Certain Certain Conventional Weapons CCW we support its humanitarian objectives and continue to follow developments under this framework practically with regard to laws. Malaysia reaffirms its readiness to work constructively with all States and relevant stakeholders to advance multilateral disarmament and arms control.

Objectives. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Malaysia. Distinguish I now give the floor to the delegate of Salvador El Salvador.

Thank you very much, Chairman. Conventional weapons continue to be the those most used in conflict situations and by criminals. This is why their control is more relevant than ever.

These weapons continue to causing innocent victims and the international community cannot wait to act. El Salvador welcomes the results of the fourth review Conference of the Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons that offers concrete actions for the implementation of the POA and the International Tracing Instrument. We look forward to the upcoming biennial meeting and the convening of the open ended Technical Experts Group which will examine technological advances in design of small arms and light weapons, including polymers, modular manufacturing and 3D printing. In a context of budgetary limits. El Salvador reiterates its support for a dedicated fund for international Cooperation, cooperation and assistance.

It's essential that developing countries could make progress in implementing the POA and the iti. Also, we welcome progress towards the first meeting of States Parties in the Global Framework of Global munitions scheduled for 2027 and urge other states to support both resolutions. We also reiterate our commitment to the Arms Trade Treaty and like to make an appeal to avoid transfers that violate international law, international humanitarian law or of human rights. Chairman. As we have stated consistently, mines, cluster munitions and other explosives used in densely populated areas cause deaths, wounds and suffering.

El Salvador reaffirms its commitment to the Convention on the Prohibition of Anti Personnel Mines and advocates for its universalization. These weapons could continuing to affect civilians, humanitarian and service personnel, including years after the end of conflict. El Salvador actively participates in negotiations on autonomous weapons systems and together with other countries has presented a proposal Protocol 6 in the framework of Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. We believe it's essential to preserve meaningful human control and the use of force force and advance towards a legally binding instrument that addresses the humanitarian, legal and ethical and security implications of these weapons. Lastly, we reaffirm the importance of promoting the participation and leadership of women in processes of arms control and formulating policies based on disaggregated data that reflect the differentiated impact of the use of conventional weapons.

Thank you very much. Gracias.

Thank you, El Salvador.

Now give the floor to Argentina.

Chairman. As a country that producer and exporter country, Argentina reaffirms its commitment to development of a dynamic private sector that is responsible responsible in the area of transfer. This commitment is reflected in the effective implementation of comprehensive controls and transfers and in combating illicit trafficking and strict adherence to international instruments. Argentina considers it essential to strengthen coordination among mechanisms aimed at combating illicit trafficking and those who regulate that regulate legitimate arms commerce. This has been one of the priorities of our country in 2019 and in 2025 we had the honor of chairing the Arms Trade Treaty and the Group of Government experts on functioning and the relevance of ANROCA as well as the Working Group on Firearms and munitions of America sort.

Mr. Chairman. For Argentina it's essential that in cases of demining, it's essential that international cooperation be prioritized in order to guarantee a more rapid success. Secure, safe process Upcoming November, Argentina will have the honor of exercising the Chairmanship of the Meaning of States parties of Protocol 2 of the Convention on Certain Conventional Arms regarding to the prohibition and restriction on the use of mines, mine traps and other devices. This forum is particularly relevant in the current context of the intensification of armed conflicts and the increase in the use of these types of weapons whose use our country rejects emphatically. To achieve this, we must urge that there should be a consensual convergence in spite of different paths, because peace can not only be built through treaties or controls, but each norm and each decision must bring us closer to a world where reason prevails over force and human dignity prevails over permanent mistrust.

Thank you very much much I thank Excellency for your statement floor to the. Distinguished representative of Singapore.

Thank you Mr. Chair. Singapore aligns itself with the statements delivered by Cambodia on behalf of ASEAN and Indonesia on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement. Please allow me to make three points in our national capacity. First, Singapore remains committed to the UN's work in curbing the illicit arms trade and indiscriminate use of conventional arms.

Beyond participating annually in the Conference of States Parties to the Arms Trade Treaty, we fully support the implementation of the Program of Action to Prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects. We also welcome the adoption of the recommendations of the 2025 Preparatory Meeting of State States on the Global Framework for Through Life Conventional Ammunition Management, which we hope will facilitate a meaningful meeting of states in 2027. Second, Singapore is concerned by the humanitarian impact from the indiscriminate use of conventional weapons on civilians, and we reaffirm our full commitment to their responsible use. In 2024, we became a High Contracting Party to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and welcome the substantive progress made at the GGE on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems, which is the appropriate forum for practical multidisciplinary discussions on laws. We also remain supportive of initiatives that mitigate the humanitarian concerns regarding the use of anti personnel landmines and cluster munitions and have maintained an indefinite moratorium on their export since 1998 and 2008 respectively.

Singapore has consistently voted in favour of resolutions on the implementation of the Convention on Cluster Munitions and the Anti Personnel Man Buying Convention. Third, Singapore is committed to supporting efforts to uphold transparency in the conventional arms trade and promote the establishment of international standards. We have regularly submitted national reports to the UN Register of Conventional Arms since 1993. As one of the world's busiest transshipment and transit hubs, Singapore is cognizant of the important role we play in upholding international regulatory efforts. We regularly review our export control regime to ensure that we uphold our obligations under the relevant UNSC resolutions.

All states need to fulfil their international obligations to eradicate the illicit trade and indiscriminate use of conventional arms. We reiterate our commitment and stand ready to work with all delegations to prevent dangerous, unauthorized diversion, illicit trade and indiscriminate use of conventional weapons. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Singapore and now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Dominican Republic.

Gracias, Senor Presidente. Thank you, Chairman. Our delegation considers that the topic of conventional weapons must to occupy a central role in the international disarmament security agenda because their humanitarian, social and economic impact continues to be determining and devastating, especially in developing regions. Conventional arms, including small arms and light weapons, anti personnel mines, cluster munitions and autonomous arms continue to fuel conflict, preventing sustainable development, exacerbating insecurity in vulnerable communities.

Each year, thousands of lives are lost, not on the battlefield, but in the streets, in homes and on borders as a result of the illicit commerce and the irresponsible use of these types of weapons. With regard to small arms and light weapons, we were extremely concerned by the fact that these weapons continue to be those that have the greatest impact in contemporary conflict. Their use and illicit trafficking fuel armed violence, favor the expansion of transnational organized crime and prevent efforts at sustainable development. The impact of their proliferation is felt especially in vulnerable regions where communities are affected by insecurity, violence and lack of opportunities. Mr. Chairman, the Dominican Republic recognized the important progress achieved by the international community in developing a normative framework on conventional weapons.

Among these are the Arms Trade Treaty, the Convention on Certain Conventional Arms, the United Nations Program of Action to Prevent Combat and Eradicate Illicit Trafficking of Small Arms and Light Weapons and the International Tracing Instrument as well as at the regional level with initiatives of the two Roadmaps of Central America and caricom. However, the effective implementation of these instruments continues to be a permanent challenge for our States. There are still practices of irresponsible transfer of weapons, diversion towards non state actors and absence of transparency in weapons markets. These normative and operative gaps complicate the achievement of goals that inspired those agreements. With this in mind, the promotion of international cooperation, exchange of information, development of capacities and technical assistance are Essential to support states in strengthening their institutional capacities for the marking and tracing of weapons, safe management of arsenals and effective control of borders.

Lastly, Mr. Chairman, the topic that continues to concern us is a tremendous challenge for international security.

The microphone was switched off. Thank you very much to the Dominican Republic. I now give the floor to Ecuador.

Thank you, Chair. Proliferation and diversion of weapons and munitions towards non state actors is a persistent threat to international peace and security. The illicit trafficking of weapons fuels armed conflicts, undermines governability and puts at risk global efforts to achieve the SDGs. In this specific case of Ecuador, we are facing an alarming expansion of drug terrorist groups that have made the trafficking of illicit trafficking of small arms and weapons and their munitions one of their main sources of power and violence. The convergence between transnational organized crime and terrorism requires a comprehensive and synchronized response response.

Criminal networks and terrorist groups share routes, markets and mechanisms to obtain, mobilize and hide weapons and munitions. Illicit traffic of weapons acts as a multiplying factor. Where arms circulate without any control, violence impunity grows and the operational capacity of non state actors grows that challenge the state and threaten national and regional security. The national experience of Ecuador, Mr. Chairman, demonstrates that unilateral action is not enough. The transnational nature of these networks requires close coordination among states to deactivate illicit supply chains.

What is required is broader cooperation that allows for the strengthening of marking systems, register and traceability of weapons, adopting standards for the management of munitions and establishing secure procedures for the storing and destruction of obsolete arsenals. With this in mind, Ecuador reiterates its firm support to the global framework through life ammunition management. We believe that this instrument is a decisive step towards safe and effective responsible management of conventional munitions. Also, we reiterate our support for the United Nations Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons and to the technical International Guidelines on Munitions and the Safeguard Program as well as all complementary initiatives that must be linked up to strengthen our collective response. Lastly, Mr. Chairman, Ecuador expresses his full support and commitment to multilateral efforts in the area of conventional weapons.

Thank you very much.

I thank the delegate of Ecuador.

I now give the floor to the Permanent Representative of Algeria.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. My delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement, the Arab Group and the African Group. As a member state in the Convention, it is very important instrument to address conventional weapons.

These weapons affect civilians. Hence the international community has decided to protect civilians with regards to autonomous lethal weapons systems. We commend the work being done and the progress made in the GGE Controlling these weapons is necessary to respect international humanitarian law, especially proportionality. The experts group is essential to negotiate a legally binding instrument. We need this instrument.

We cannot delay it anymore. Mr. Chairman, we renew our commitment to the implementation of the Convention and we call upon all member States to provide financial, technical and humanitarian assistance for demining and to provide compensation to victims. Fighting these weapons is essential to overcome challenges. Mr. Chairman, we remain fully committed to the UN Program of Action for Small Arms and Light weapons and the international tracing instrument. Fighting the illicit trade requires a comprehensive approach that is at the national and international level.

We also welcome the successful ending of the fourth Review Conference and the adoption of the outcome document by consensus. We stress the need to give priority to the training program to promote knowledge and technical expertise, especially in developing countries. We stress that governments bear the primary responsibility and they have to ensure ownership of their of this program. Algeria also stresses the sovereign right of states to acquire conventional weapons to meet their legitimate defense needs. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I thank the distinguished representative of Algeria. Floor to His Excellency, the Permanent Representative of Italy to the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva.

Thank you, Vice Chair. Italy aligns itself with the statement of the European Union. I would like to add some remarks in my national capacity.

Italy firmly upholds and supports all international instruments restricting or prohibiting the use of conventional weapons which are not or cannot be used in compliance with international humanitarian law. Nearly a year ago in Siem Reap, we renewed our support for the principles and objectives of the Ottawa Convention on Anti Personnel Mines through the Political Declaration and Action Plan. We now look forward to advancing the goals of the Oslo Convention on Cluster Munitions at its Review Conference next year in Ventiane. Italy has been glad to sit in the Coordinating committee of the CCM in 20232025 being co coordinator for clearance. As these two conventions face unprecedented challenges, we renew our call for their universalization.

We are concerned by the growing use of improvised explosive devices, including by non state actors, and for the evolving trends in the acquisition of technologies and know how used to assemble and deploy deploy improvised conventional weapons. Addressing the use of explosive weapons in populated areas remains a pressing challenge and we look forward to renewing our commitment to the goals and principles of the Political Declaration next month in San Jose. Italy supports efforts towards an effective implementation of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. We have actively engaged with the GGE on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems. As the end of the Group's mandate draws near, we consider its work to be a good basis for future negotiations.

In our view, the future instrument should be a protocol to the CCW clearly setting out prohibitions and regulations on the development and use of these weapons Systems. At the 11th Conference of States Parties to the Arms Trade Treaty held In Geneva in August 2025, we supported the proposal to develop a long term ATT. Strategy to be adopted next year. Building on the 2024 Political Declaration, we should now define priorities and concrete actions. In this spirit, Italy is pleased to have joined the new Friends of the ATT Initiative as an informal platform for dialogue and cooperation.

Thank you, Chair.

I thank His Excellency for his statement. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Indonesia aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement and asean. Indonesia remains gravely concerned about the humanitarian consequences of the widespread and indiscriminate use of conventional weapons in Gaza. More than 67,000 Palestinians have reportedly been killed and over 150,000 wounded.

A significant proportion of the victims are children, women and the elderly. The staggering numbers remind us of the devastating impact of the indiscriminate use of conventional weapons in populated areas. Mr. Chair, the civilian suffering caused by conventional weapons is further compounded by the illicit street and misuse of small arm and light weapons. This flows full instability, sustain armed groups and obstruct post conflict recovery.

Indonesia reaffirm its strong support for the UN program of actions on small arm and light weapons and call for genuine political will for the concrete implementations of the poa. Looking ahead, the upcoming biennial meeting of States must sustain momentum and ensure that commitments are translated into tangible progress. Indonesia emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach that respects the sovereign right of States to acquire, manufacture, import, export and retain conventional weapons for legitimate security and self defense. At the same time, Indonesia it must also strengthen international cooperations, technical assistance and capacity building to prevent illicit transfers and diversions. Regional cooperation is also indispensable in asean.

The ASEAN Regional Mine Action center continues to play an instrumental role in addressing the legacies of explosive remnants of war. It works over a practical model that could inspire similar initiatives in other regions. Mr. Chair, Indonesia is deeply alarmed by the increasing use of explosive weapons in populated areas in flagrant disregard of international humanitarian law. The convening of the Second International Conference on Explosive Weapons in Populated Area later this year will provide a timely opportunity to reform our commitments and advance practical measures to reduce civilian harms.

New and emerging technologies in the realm are of conventional weapons also demand urgent attention. The growing reliance on drones and the development of little autonomous weapon system praise profound legal, ethical and security concern Indonesia underscored the urgent need for a legally binding international instruments to regulate laws. We believe that meaningful human control in the use of force is indispensable and that international law must remain the guiding framework. Ultimately, this unchecked proliferates. Proliferation and responsible transfer of conventional weapons only prolong conflict and deepen human suffering.

The increase of conflict in different parts of the world and atrocities in Gaza are stark reminders that disarmament is not an abstract aspiration, but a moral and humanitarian imperative. Indonesia therefore calls on all member States to strengthen multilateralism, uphold international law and work collectively towards global disarmament, peace and security.

I thank the distinguished representative Indonesia and I will give the floor to His Excellency, the Permanent Representative of Myanmar.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Myanmar alliance is set with the statement of ASEAN and nem. The role of conventional weapons in inflicting immense suffering on civilians cannot be overstated. Conventional weapons and their accusations often drive end conflict, prolong more violence against against civilians and destroying the fabric peaceful societies.

Myanmar acknowledges the sovereign rights of states to manufacture, acquire, export and import conventional weapons for their self defense. However, we are of the view that international humanitarian law, international human rights law should always be taken sincerely into account in their accusations. In the same vein, a comprehensive assessment by the member states is warranted to determine whether their aims exposed serves the purpose of legitimate self defense of the purpose of perpetuating more atrocities against civilians. Unfortunately, in my country Myanmar, conventional weapons from both domestic and international sources only serve the purpose of terrorizing and repressing their civilian population into submission, especially after the illegal coup. In this regard, I wish to focus on the following two aspects of this weapon so terror.

First, domestic production. The entire AMS manufacturing sector in Myanmar has been administered by the military junta since its inception. Even under the tenure of the elected civilian government, the military continue to monopolize the enterprise and refuse any civilians oversight. It and the Directorate of Defense Industry. The military produce small aims light weapons, artillery ammunitions, anti personnel linemen, drones, cluster munitions, among others.

Their use has been exclusively reserved for targeted attacks against fellow citizens, including ethnic minorities. Second, international supply. Their domestic production of weapons of tara is supplemented by extended impulse of raw materials M munitions and associated associated technologies from some member states to the military. From February 2021 to May 2023 alone, this import was worth at least US$1 billion. Since the illegal coup, the domestic and international weapons of terror have contributed to the killing of nearly 7,400 people in Myanmar.

People of Myanmar precise this act of AM transport as a clear and willful endorsement of their killing by the military. Therefore, on behalf of the people of Myanmar, I appeal to the international community to enforce a global AMS embargo against the military junta Prevent the further flow of jet fuel, other jewel use items and related technology to the junta to save their lives. I wish to conclude by echoing the report of the OACHR that AMS transfer are not a human rights free zone. I thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank His Excellency for his statement.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Mr. Chairman. We align ourselves with the statement delivered on behalf of the Arab Group and the Non Aligned Movement. We deliver this statement in our national capacity. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia attaches great importance to to the respect of international relevant conventions to which we are a party. We stress the need to take effective measures to fight illicit trade in small arms and light weapons and ensure they do not reach terrorist and illicit groups that threaten national, regional and international security.

We welcome the international efforts to develop effective measures to stop trade in small arms and light weapons. These should include stopping the illicit trade in these arms. They should prevent states from acquiring these weapons illicitly. In this vein, we stress the need not to confuse between the UNPOA on small arms and light weapons on the one hand and the conventional ammunitions profile on the other hand. These are separate.

It is also important not to mix between the program of action and other international interests. Instruments that are not agreed upon internationally. The definitions that were not agreed upon internationally should not be taken into account here. We reaffirm that the management of conventional ammunition is a national matter. It is a national sovereignty matter.

We welcome initiatives to address ammunitions in line with the priorities of every state. We also note that the illicit use of technologies, especially the 3D printing for production of weapons is a growing challenge for the international community. It facilitates the production of weapons outside regulatory systems. We stress the need to promote international cooperation to transfer defense technology and share experiences to ensure the responsible use of relevant conventional arms technologies. In conclusion, we continue to make every effort to reduce the humanitarian suffering in Yemen.

Last May, we decided to extend the Saudi program for demining in Yemen. Massam Since June 2018 and until October 17, the team was able to demine more than 5,000 mine and IEDs as part of our humanitarian commitment to protect civilians and support stability in the region. Thank you, Mr. Chairperson.

I thank the representative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. And now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka

alliance itself with the statement delivered by Indonesia on behalf of the name.

Allow me to share some some remarks in our national capacity. We gather at a time when the human toll of conventional weapons remains staggering. The illicit flow of arms continues to fuel conflicts, deepen instability and levy an unbearable cost on civilians. It is the sovereign right of States to acquire and maintain conventional arms for their self defense and security in line with the principles of the UN Charter, but with that that States are also obliged to use conventional arms responsibly. States must also prevent the diversion of weapons into illicit markets.

Their accessibility, portability and excessive spread have horrific humanitarian security and socio economic consequences. We stress the importance of building the technical capacity of developing countries to implement the program of action and the international tracing instrument. In this context, Sri Lanka appreciated the assistance received from the UNRCPD in 2024 to a series of activities aimed at enhancing the capacity of the Sri Lanka Police. Mr. Chair, Sri Lanka has taken meaningful steps to fulfill its obligations under the Anti Personal Mine Ban Convention.

We are continuing with mine clearance with the aim of becoming a mine free nation by 2028. However, this deadline is a challenge in view of the halt in international funding. I take this opportunity to thank our key implementing partners dash, Sharp, HALO Trust and MEG for their unwavering assistance over the years to make Sri Lanka a nation free of landmines. We also call for the provision of sustained international assistance to mine action and victim rehabilitation. Mr.

Chair, Sri Lanka is deeply concerned by the potential development and use of lethal autonomous weapon systems due to fundamental ethical, legal and humanitarian concerns. Sri Lanka strongly supports the early complements of the negotiations in legally binding instruments to prohibit laws and became one of the main sponsors of of the UNGA first committee resolution on laws. Mr. Chair, the challenges before us are immense. But so too is our responsibility.

We must act with urgency so that the future generations may live in a world where weapons no longer pose a constant threat to their lives. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan.

Thank you, Chair. The limitation and reduction of armed forces and conventional armament was recognized as central pillar of general and complete disarmament in the final document of SSOD 1. States possessing the largest military arsenals were assigned a special responsibility to take the lead. Yet what we witness today is the opposite. Global military spending has reached record levels.

There is under investment in peace, diplomacy and development the very foundations of collective security. The regulation of conventional weapons has yielded limited success. Advanced weaponry continues to flow unchecked into regions of tension, aggravated conflicts and in some cases enabling atrocities and violations of Human rights and international humanitarian law by occupying forces. The Human Rights Council has documented weapons transfer in areas where genocide has been taking place. One must ask, what meaning do export criteria hold when their application remains subject to political or commercial interests?

In South Asia, one state emboldened by destabilizing asymmetries, has adopted aggressive security concepts, initiating conflicts and destabilization. Pakistan, for its part, neither wants nor is engaged in an arms race in the region. We have put proposals on the table, including on conventional force balance and arms control at the regional and sub regional levels. Chair. Instead of focusing narrowly on managing the effects of the arms trade, the international community must also address the drivers of militarization, including long standing disputes, doctrines of dominance, the commercial incentives of the arms industry and the absence of accountability for states that export instability through the transfer of weapons.

As a CCW party and all of its five protocols, Pakistan remains fully compliant with their provisions. The ongoing work within the ambit of the CCW enlarged should continue with an aim to develop international rules through a new protocol containing prohibitions and regulations. We believe that the issue of illicit arms, small arms and light members should be addressed holistically and in a balanced manner. The UNPUA strikes a careful balance between the legitimate security needs of States with the imperatives to address the issue of illicit arms both on supply and demand sides. Pakistan remains concerned at the acquisition and use of modern and sophisticated illicit arms by terrorists groups, including those abandoned in our neighborhood, which are being used in violence against my country.

These terrorist entries receive external support and financing from our principal adversary. Thank you, Chair.

I think the distinguished representative of Pakistan, I now have the honor to give the floor to her. To Her Excellency, the Permanent Representative of Japan to the Conference on disarmament.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Japan is deeply concerned about the deteriorating international security situation resulting in civilian casualties caused by the use of conventional arms. Japan calls upon all State parties to the relevant international instruments to renew their commitments and encourages States that have not yet done so to accede to them. As the President of the 22nd Meeting of State Parties of the Anti Personnel Mine Ban Convention apmbc, I am making the utmost efforts to promote the implementation of the Siem Reap Uncor Action Plan and work toward a successful 22nd MSP in December.

Japan, together with Cambodia and Zambia has submitted a draft resolution entitled Implementation of the APMBC and calls for your strong support to demonstrate our collective commitment. Japan will also contribute to the success of the third Review Conference of the Convention on Cluster Munitions in Lao PDR next year. Japan's support to mine and cluster munitions actions surpassed US$73 million across 28 countries and regions in the fiscal year 2024. Mr. Chair, urgent action is required to address illicit trade in small arms and light weapons.

Together with Colombia and South Africa, Japan has submitted a draft resolution entitled the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in all its aspects. We strongly hope to adopt this resolution by consensus to reaffirm our collective commitment. Japan will also promote implementation and universalization of the Arms Trade Treaty, particularly in the Asia Pacific. Mr. Chair, Japan believes that the Group of Governmental Experts on laws under the CCW remain the most appropriate venue to clarify its normative and operational framework.

Japan will continue to contribute constructively in fulfilling the GG's mandate. There is also an urgent need to advance the discussion on the military use of artificial intelligence. Japan welcomes concrete efforts to ensure the responsible and transparent transparent use of AI in the military domain based on international law. To conclude, Japan attaches great importance to ensuring human security and reducing the humanitarian suffering caused by the use of conventional weapons and stands ready to work with all stakeholders under the relevant frameworks. Thank you, Mr.

Chair. I thank your Excellency for your statement and I'll give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kazakhstan.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Kazakhstan attached the highest importance to addressing the challenges posed by conventional weapons, which continue to cause untold human suffering and fuel insecurity across regions. Our approach is rooted in the conviction that sustainable peace must rest on cooperation, transparency and respect for international law. First, the illicit circulation of small arms and light weapons remains a driver of conflict, terrorism and organized crime.

Kazakhstan strongly supports the Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons and the International Tracing Instrument and is strengthening national and regional measures to prevent illicit flows, including enhanced border security and customs control in Central Asia. We are grateful to our international partners who help strengthening our domestic capacity in this regard. Second, we welcome the development of a global framework for the through life ammunition management, which can reduce diversion risks and prevent catastrophic accidents. Practical cooperation and technical capacity building in this field are urgently needed and Kazakhstan is ready to contribute in its regional perspective. Third, the humanitarian consequences of the use of explosive weapons in populated areas are devastating.

Kazakhstan underscored the need for strict compliance with international humanitarian law and for concrete steps to reduce civilian harm. Protecting human life must remain at the center of disarmament efforts. Fourth, we follow closely discussions on lethal autonomous weapon systems. Emerging technologies must remain subject to meaningful human control and to international humanitarian law. Inclusive dialogue is essential to ensure that innovation serves humanity rather than undermines Stability.

Kazakhstan supported the proposal to develop a new CCW protocol on the issues of the lethal autonomous weapon systems. Fifth, transparency and accountability in the armed strait are indispensable. As a state party to the Arms Trade Treaty, Kazakhstan recognizes the importance of its transparency and reporting mechanisms. Mr. Chair, Kazakhstan will continue to act as a responsible bridge builder in global disarmament process.

We stand ready to work with all partners to reduce the risks posed by conventional weapons, threaten humanitarian norms and advance our shared goal of more peaceful and secure world. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Kazakhstan. I now give the floor to the delegate of Guatemala.

Thank you, Chair. We live at a time when human security and the dignity of life are constantly threatened by decisions that are taken on the battlefield in clandestine workshops and illegal markets. There's no doubt that multilateral expert control regimes of weapons and munitions have been affected by major conflicts and they have fueled organized crime, generating over 600 deaths per day, which clearly demonstrates the scale of the problem that we must address through convincing policies, policies and international cooperation. Efforts to control the traceability and the management of inventories, control of points of sale and effective sanctions against diversion are essential to reduce armed violence. With this in mind, we welcome the holding of the preparatory meeting in the run up to the first review conference of the Global Framework for through Life Ammunition Management.

And we look forward to this process having a positive impact for reducing risks and bolstering this management of conventional weapons. For Guatemala, this is an extremely important topic and we're working hard through the National Commission for the Prevention of Armed Violence to develop a national plan of action that is adapted to the needs of our country and makes a positive contribution to the objectives of the Central American roadmap for the prevention of the trafficking and illicit proliferation of weapons and munitions. Furthermore, there's no need to recall the horror and the permanent scars caused by anti personal mines and unexploded ordnance that have caused an alarming number of devastating deaths, with children being the most frequent victims. My country reiterates its extreme concern in the face of the serious security risks represented by autonomous weapons systems. These threaten the very pillars of international peace, humanitarian international law and the fundamental principles of human dignity and accountability.

In this context, it's necessary to lay a firm groundwork of legally binding instruments that regulate, limit and certain cases ban certain types of weapons. Lastly, it's important to highlight that protecting civilians, preserving human life and supporting international law is not only a moral obligation, but rather an investment in peace and security and development. Thank you.

I thank the delegation of Guatemala floor. To the distinguished representative of Zambia.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Zambia aligns itself with the statement delivered by the the Africa Group and non alignment movement. Mr. Chair, conventional weapons remain a significant source of insecurity particularly in regions vulnerable to armed conflicts, organized crime and underdevelopment.

The unregulated and illicit inflows of small arms and light weapons continue to fuel violence, undermine peace processes, erode state authority, impede socio economic development. The destabilizing impact of the conventional weapons, especially Anton mines and explosive limerence of war threatens human security hinders recovery efforts in conflict affected regions. Zambia underscores the importance of the robust and well resourced disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs as essential to peace continuum. DDR is not only a post conflict requirement but also a preventive tool against relapse into violence. Effective disarmament of ex combatant, their sustainable mobilization and meaningful integration into the civilian.

Life are vital to reconciliation and National Building. Mr. Chairman, Zambia calls on the international community to reaffirm its commitment to militarism in addressing the threats posed by conventional weapons. We support the full implementation of the UN Program of Action on SO and. The international tracing instruments. DDR must be integrated into the UN peacekeeping buildings, peace building and development mandates and with adequate resource allocation through the Peace Building Fund and other mechanisms.

We welcome the African Union silencing the. GANS initiatives and emphasizing the importance of. UN enhanced regional cooperation in arms control and DDR. We further call on regional economic communities including the SADC to advance DDR through security sector reforms, early warnings and cross border arms control. Chairman Zambia remains party to the AMSTRAD Treaty, Mine Ban Treaty and Convention on Cluster Ammunition, complementing our domestic framework for arms control.

In conclusion, conventional arms control is not only a disarmament matter but essential to human security, sustainable development and protection of human rights. We call for all renewed global commitments to prevent the uncontrolled spread of conventional weapons. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Zambia and now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Greece.

Mr. Chair, Greece fully aligns with the statement delivered by the EU and would like to contribute a few remarks in our national capacity. My country remains fully committed to the CCW Convention that together with its protocols sets the framework on compliance of military practice with international humanitarian law. We believe that the Convention offers the appropriate form to address the issues raised by emerging technologies, particularly lethal autonomous weapons systems. Following the Secretary General's first reports or laws, we call all parties to the CCW to fulfill the mandate of the Group of Governmental Experts on laws in a timely manner and to work towards further codification of international law under the ccw.

In particular, Greece stresses the importance of ensuring that the potential transfer and use of laws do not lead to violations and abuses of international humanitarian law and international human rights law. Recent developments on manufacturing of armed UAVs with commercial parts and components have significantly altered the nature of armed conflict and pose additional challenges regarding increased production, acquisition, transfer and use of UAVs for the international peace and security. We support calls for further multilateral exchanges on this important matter. Mr. Chair, Greece considers the threat posed by the diversion, illicit trafficking and misuse of small arsenal light weapons and their ammunition as one of the most important challenges to peace and security on national, regional and global levels.

Greece is committed to the full implementation of the UN Program of Action and has undertaken the appropriate actions through annual reporting and provision of additional data on arms transactions. We also welcome the establishment of the Global Framework on through life conventional ammunition management aimed at preventing diversion and unintended explosions. The Arms Trade Treaty constitutes an indispensable tool for curtailing the illicit trade of conventional weapons. We call on all States to ratify or accede to the Treaty without further delay and on the parties to to comply with their obligations. Moreover, Greece reiterates its support toward the Personal Mine Bank Convention as an effective humanitarian disarmament instrument that has contributed the last decades to diminishing the active use of a dreadful conventional weapon and also to eliminating huge national stockpiles of millions of such mines.

Nevertheless, we are deeply alarmed by the reemergence of the use of this weapon, in particular in the context of Russia's aggression against Ukraine. To conclude, Greece stands ready to continue working for the strengthening of all key conventional arms control instruments. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Greece and now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ukraine,

The EU and we would like to make some additional remarks on our national capacity. Ukraine reiterates its support for the international instruments in the field of conventional arms control, in particular the conventional certain conventional weapons, the UN Program of Action on SOLVE and the Global Framework for through life conventional ammunition management.

We welcome the outcomes of the preparatory meeting of of the Global framework held in June 2025 and look forward to the first meeting of States of the global framework in 2027. In 2024, the Ukrainian government established the National Coordination center for Combating Illicit Trafficking in Firearms and Ammunition for them. The inaugural meeting of the Coordination center was held in February 2025. Chair since the beginning of its aggression, the Russian Federation has deployed A range of weapons that are explicitly restricted or prohibited under CCW and international humanitarian law. This includes indiscriminately used landmines, improvised explosive devices, booby traps and incendiary weapons, all of which have inflicted immense suffering on Ukrainian civilians and contaminated vast areas of our land.

In recent months, Russia's aerial attacks on Ukrainian cities with missiles, drones and bombs have intensified. Furthermore, Russia has been deliberately and systematically using cluster munitions. We stress that these actions constitute a flagrant violation of fundamental norms of IHL, particularly the 1949 Geneva Convention and Additional Protocol 1 to the Geneva Conventions. Chair. Russia's war of aggression is being supported by Iran and the dprk.

In direct violation of UN Security Security Council resolutions. Iran and DPRK have unlawfully transferred drones, missiles and ammunition to Russia. Furthermore, the DPRK has also sent its troops to Russia to support the latter's war against Ukraine. We recall that Russia vetoed the UN Security Council resolution on the extension of the mandate of the Panel of Experts of the 1718 Committee. As of today, arms and ammunition of DPRK origin are actively used by Russia.

In particular, Moscow is using KM23 ballistic missiles in its attacks on Ukrainian peaceful cities. We call on UN Member States to unequivocally condemn the military cooperation between Russia and the dprk. Including arms transfers and training of DPRK soldiers in violation of multiple UN Security Council resolutions and hold these countries accountable. We urge all countries to cease any direct or indirect assessment assistance to Russia in its war of aggression against Ukraine, including the provision of direct military aid and the supply of dual use goods to sustain Russia's war effort. I thank you.

Thanks. The distinguished representative of Ukraine. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Bulgaria.

It's bulgaria. Andrew, Microphone for Bulgaria, please.

Working now. Okay. Thank you. Mr. Chair.

Bulgaria aligns itself with the statement delivered by the EU Allow me to add several remarks in my national capacity. Chair. Russia's continuous military aggression against Ukraine has demonstrated that progress in conventional arms control is of paramount importance for the international security and the protection of civilians. We particularly condemn Russia's use of anti personnel landmines and cluster munitions on Ukrainian territory, which cause indiscriminate killings of civilians and leave a terrible legacy of suffering for the years to come. These irresponsible actions must halt immediately.

We continue to strongly advocate for adherence to the humanitarian principles and objectives of the Anti Personnel Land Mine Ban Convention and the Convention on Cluster Munitions and to fully support mine actions across the world. Furthermore, we remain committed to upholding the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and its five protocols as an effective platform for responding to challenges emanating from the developments of weapons technologies, including lethal autonomous weapon systems. We have been consistently engaged in the deliberations of the group of governmental experts on Laws to clarify, consider and develop aspects of a normative and operational framework on laws, including through the so called two tiered approach. We stand ready to support the adoption of a substantive outcome report based on the Chair's rolling text and to move ahead towards negotiations on an instrumental laws within the CCW framework. As chair of the 2024 meeting of the High Contracting Parties to the Convention, Bulgaria is also proud to present this year's resolution on the implementation of the CCW and calls upon all Member States to support it.

Mr. Chair, Bulgaria continues to champion the control of conventional arms and ammunition, taking into account the the action plan until 2030 adopted by the Review Conference of the UN Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons and the successful endorsement of the Global Framework for through Life Conventional Ammunition Management determined in particular to combat, delicit trade in conventional weapons that fuel armed conflicts and sponsor organized crime and terrorism. We call for the universalization and the full and effective implementation implementation of the Arms Trade Treaty as the key international instrument establishing the highest possible standards for the international trade in conventional weapons. I thank you Mr. Chair, I thank the distinguished Representative of Bulgaria.

And I now give the floor to Distinguished Delegate of Togo.

Thank you, Chair. Togo reaffirms its support for for the flagship initiative of the African Union called Silencing Guns in Africa, which aims to end all armed conflicts and violence on the continent by 2030. This initiative, which is part of the 2063 Agenda of the African Union, remains the cornerstone of a peaceful, prosperous and integrated Africa. It is also in line with the SDGs, especially SDG 16 on Peace, justice and effective Institutions, as Well as talk target 16.4 which calls for significant reduction of illicit flows of weapons. Unfortunately, Africa, which is not one of the main weapons producers in the world, continues to disproportionately suffer devastating consequences of armed conflict fueled by the illicit circulation of conventional weapons, especially small arms and light weapons.

This situation is especially keenly felt in the West African sub region, especially especially in the Sahel and coastal countries which are especially affected by the expansion of the terrorist threat and transnational crime. In light of this troubling reality, Togo reaffirms its commitment to the UNPOA to prevent, combat and eliminate illicit trade in SALW in all of its aspects, as well as its international tracing instrument. These two instruments remain key tools in the global fight against the unchecked or articulation of conventional weapons. We must further strengthen their effective implementation at all levels and ensure rigorous application of transparency and control measures. This is crucial for preventing diversion of SALW toward non authorized users or illegal armed groups.

In this regard, my delegation calls for heightened cooperation between states, especially through monetary mechanisms, information exchange and and integrated border management to limit illicit flows moving through these often porous areas. In addition, we must recognize the growing link between climate change, resource depletion and the persistence of violent conflict. These interlinked factors exacerbate local tensions and foster the proliferation of light weapons. A comprehensive and integrated approach is needed to strengthen resilience in affected communities. Lastly, Togo advocates advocates for significant increase in technical assistance and international cooperation.

This requires the transfer of appropriate technologies, heightened mobilization of financial resources and the building of institutional and human capacity in developing countries. My delegation thus supports the proposal to create a UN Fellowship program on SALW to train officials from countries of the Global South. Togo remains convinced that only coordinated action based on solidarity, transparency and shared responsibility toward all instruments in effect on conventional weapons will allow us to make progress toward a world free of the threat posed by illicit flows of this type of weapons.

Thank you, I think. The distinguished delegate of Togo.

I now give the floor to the delegate of Cameron.

Mr. Chair, my delegation is deeply concerned by a contradiction that should strike all of us. How do we justify the fact that we are constantly discussing sophisticated weapons at a time when conventional weapons every day continue to kill? To general apathy?

This indifference is something that spares no state. We are not at war, but we are flooded with illicit weapons. Our villages seem peaceful, but our communities suffer the devastating consequences of international trafficking, which fuels conflict and organized crime. This trafficking forms a lethal chain in which arms and ammunition circulate unchecked. For every weapon that is seized, hundreds more penetrate our borders.

A gun without bullets can be harmless, but bullets without guns are still lethal. In light of this reality, there are three glaring failures that we must note. First of all, prevention. With the ATT being too rarely applied, arms and ammunition continues to circulate like mundane goods. And the most affected countries are those with the least means.

How can we accept the fact that the most vulnerable nations that are suffering trafficking and unable to control it are now abandoned to their fate. We proposed a new approach based on integrated accountability of exporting countries as well as total transparency with traceability that is unfalsifiable as well as active solidarity through international fund. Implementation is not an option. It is a condition for our collective survival. We propose that the Security Council evaluate regularly progress made in this regard.

Because the global framework has remained on paper only for now. The key question, Chair, remains How do we justify sophisticated arms control regimes for certain arms compared to our failure for the arms that kill the most? The response to this question will determine our collective credibility.

We decide if we protect all lives or only a few. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Cameroon.

I now give the floor to the representative of Uruguay.

Thank you, Chairman. The illicit trade and proliferation of small arms and light weapons is a very serious threat that increases the levels of armed violence and lead to both humanitarian and socioeconomic consequences. This is an issue that erodes the rule of law and puts at risk peace and stability. The connection of these weapons with crime is one of the major concerns in terms of public security In Uruguay in 2024, 70% of homicides were committed with firearms and also they are the most frequently used weapon in case of feminicide. In the face of this reality, it's important to strengthen traceability and control of arms and munitions through coordinated efforts at the national, regional and international levels.

To achieve this, it's important essential that developing countries receive the proper technical and financial support. On this, Uruguay promotes a strengthening of dialogue, cooperation in all its forms, transfer of technology and capacity building.

We also want to reiterate the importance of making progress in comprehensive implementation of the Arms Trade Treaty and its program of Action. Also, we underscored the need to promote the transparency in the armed forces and to mainstream gender and youth perspectives and strategies aimed at preventing armed violence at the regional level. Together with selac, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, Uruguay shares the priority of strengthening national capacities of control and traceability and combat in a joint way, elicit traffic and promote coordinated responses that strengthen security and stability of our region. Mr. Chairman, Uruguay strongly supports the global framework for through life conventional ammunition management that seek to reduce risks and diversion and improve control of transfer and storage. We highlight progress in the preparatory meeting held in June and reiterate our commitment to work in the run up to the meeting of states parties of 2027.

We also acknowledge that emerging technologies such as 3D printing modular weapons create new challenges that we can only confront through greater international cooperation. Uruguay advocates once again for strengthening multilateralism and joint actions as an essential way of ensuring international peace and security. Thank you very much.

I thank the delegate of Uruguay or. To the distinguished representative of Nigeria.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Nigeria aligns with the statements delivered by the Non Aligned Movement and the African group and wishes to make the following remarks in its national capacity, the illicit proliferation of small arms and light weapons continues to fuel terrorism, organized crime on armed violence posing great threat to peace, security and sustainable development, particularly in Africa.

The urgency to curb excessive accumulation and uncontrolled spread underscores the importance of collective and multilateral action. Niger calls on all states, especially major producing states, to ensure that the transfer of small arms and light weapons is strictly limited to governments or duly authorized entities in accordance with international law. My delegation welcomes the consensual outcome of the Fourth Rev Code on the UN Program of Action held in June 2024 and emphasizes the need for its full implementation, particularly in strengthening international cooperation, capacity building, technical and financial assistance. As the first African country to sign and ratify the Arms Trade Treaty, Nigeria remains steadfast in its commitment to the treaty's objectives and those of the UN Program of Action. We further welcome the successful outcome of the 11th Conference of State Parties held in Geneva in August 2025 and urge all state parties to ensure its balanced and effective implementation, particularly in strengthening national controls and preventing diversion of conventional arms.

Domestically, Nigeria continues to strengthen border control, enhance inter agency coordination and deepen regional corporations combat illicit arms flows. The establishment of a national center for the control of small arms and light Weapons underscores our dissemination. To address this maintenance comprehensively, we have undertaken several initiatives, including national weapons marking, a baseline survey of small arms and light weapons, the creation of a national database, review of firearms legislation, and continuous training for security agencies. We also value our collaboration with civil society in advancing transparency and accountability. Regionally, Nigeria remains committed to the Bamako Declaration, the ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light weapons of twin 2006, the AU Agenda 2063 and silencing the Guns in Africa Initiative, which provide vital frameworks for action against illicit arms flow.

In conclusion, Mr. Chair, Niger reiterates its support for the establishment of a United Nations Fellowship Program on small arms and light weapons to build national capacity, particularly in developing countries. We therefore call on all member States to support and expedite its implementation. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Nigeria.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ireland.

Chair Ireland aligns with the Statement of the European Union. Global conflicts are straining the norms and principles underpinning the international disarmament architecture. Meanwhile, conflicts in the Middle East, Sudan, Ukraine and elsewhere highlight the unacceptable threat to civilians and civilian infrastructure. Chair Key treaties such as the Anti Personnel Mine Ban Convention, the Convention on Cluster Munitions and the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons save lives protect communities and make the world safer for us all. For this reason, Ireland proudly supports the UN Secretary General's campaign on Humanitarian Disarmament and mine action.

Ireland remains deeply concerned by the widespread use of explosive weapons in populated areas. We reaffirm the importance of universalizing and implementing the political declaration on a wepa. We look forward to the upcoming international conference in Costa Rica. Chair the modern battlefield is changing rapidly and we must be responsive to emerging challenges. Ireland calls for urgent progress on a legally binding instrument on autonomous weapon systems.

We share the view of many other states that the rolling text of the Chair of the Group of Governmental Experts of the CCW provides a sufficient basis to fulfill its mandate and proceed to negotiations and on an instrument on autonomous weapon systems. We are pleased to co sponsor this year's laws resolution sponsored by Austria. Chair the Arms Trade Treaty is a vital instrument in the pursuit of a safer and more secure world. We call on all States parties to fully apply Article 6 and 7. Ireland condemns any and all uses of cluster munitions.

We're deeply concerned by the documented use of such indiscriminate weapons in Myanmar, Syria and Ukraine ahead of the third Review Conference of the CCM in Lao PD or next year. We stress the need for accelerated action to mitigate the impact that explosive ordinance contamination has on sustainable development. Chair Russia's continuing war of aggression on Ukraine and its reprehensible actions including the use of anti personnel mines and cluster munitions threaten both European security and the lives of civilians. It is within this context that we've seen withdrawals from humanitarian disarmament treaties in the past year. Ireland is concerned by the potential knock on effects of withdrawals on these instruments and international norms.

We call on Russia to desist from its war of aggression on an all state. So behold and strengthen IHL and the global norm against landmines and cluster munitions. Ireland recalls the deadly harvest sown through mine use and proudly supports humanitarian mine action and the central work of organizations and local communities involved in de mining programs. We call upon all states to uphold and reinforce the Convention and and to implement the SIEM REAP Anchor Action Plan. Finally, Chair Ireland strongly supports multi stakeholder approaches to further humanitarian objectives and the critical role of civil society as well as victims and survivors.

We reiterate that conventional weapons impact communities and individuals with a heavy toll of death and injury during and long after conflict has ended and we must be addressed in a gender responsive and inclusive manner.

I thank the Deputy Permanent Representative of Ireland to the Conference on Disarmament, Geneva.

I give the floor to Iraq.

Mr. Chair, the Republic of Iraq would like to align itself with the statements made by Oman on behalf of the the Arab Group and Indonesia on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement. Iraq is deeply concerned by the disastrous effects of illicit trade in small arms and light weapons and insists on the need to intensify efforts to create a holistic regime to combat these flows and its devastating consequences. As long as the measures taken in this regard do not conflict with security measures taken by States as part of their right to self defense as outlined in the UN Charter. We are pleased with the approach of the Fourth Review Conference of the Arms Trade Treaty as well as the adoption of an outcome document that is a reference for international cooperation and the implementation of the program, a Plan of Action Program of Action and the International Tracing Instrument including the call for building capacity among States when it comes to marking, tracing and technology transfer.

We must bridge gaps in this area. We recall that cluster munitions weapons have caused a heavy death toll and we are pleased with the implementation of the Lausanne Program of Action as well as efforts to universalize the system.

With regard to lethal autonomous weapon systems, we call for human control of these systems to ensure that the technologies that operate them do not fall into the hands of non state actors. Iraq is one of the states that has suffered the most from the effects of anti personnel mines.

We continue to implement our 2023, 2028 Plan of Action to address the problems caused by mines and to assist victims. We thank the states and organizations that have supported Iraq in this field. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Iraq.

Mr. Chair of the Public of Belarus remains dedicated to its obligations under multilateral measures and mechanisms in the field of control of conventional weapons. Predictability and transparency in the behavior of states, including open provision of information on weapons transfers we believe is a key factor in maintaining this trust. Our country is a conscientious participant in transparency measures and regularly provides reporting for the UN Register of Conventional Arms. Belarus has a responsible approach toward implementing the UNPOA on SALW and the OSC document on salw.

We have established a functional multi tier national system for export control. Chair Last year our country suspended the participation in the CFE, the Treaty on Conventional Forces in Europe. For 30 years we conscientiously and fully implemented our obligations under the cfe. As we noted by before, the suspension of Belarus of this treaty was a necessary reciprocal measure to protect our national security. We are prepared to resume implementing the CFE if other states parties do the same, especially NATO countries that are parties to this treaty developed in the first Years after the end of the Cold War, the Open Skies Treaty was an important component of the European security system.

It contributed greatly to ensuring transparency in the military sphere in the Euro Atlantic region. Belarus and Russia contributed to the implementation of the Open Skies Treaty in a good faith manner. Currently continue to take part in meetings of the Consultative Commission on the Open Skies and its working groups.

The withdrawal from the Open Skies Treaty of two key parties not only decreased the zone of application of the treaty by 80%, but also significantly decreased its viability. We are opposed to the destruction of the Open Skies Treaty architecture. We believe it's a very important confidence building instrument. It is crucial to maintain a system of interlinked treaties, arms control treaties and agreements in the OSCE region. That is why Belarus, to the very last minute tried to preserve the cfe.

We remain devoted to control over conventional weapons as an integral component of security in Europe and we are interested in restoring its viability and effect effectiveness. Thank you for your attention.

Thanks, distinguished representative.

I give the floor to the delegate of Colombia.

Thank you, Chairman.

Columbia Reader it's its commitment to multilateral efforts to confront to deal with control of conventional weapons which are in line with the defense of human rights, sustainable development, highlighting the gender and youth dimensions allow me to make three points. First of all, according to the 2025 report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, the possession of conventional weapons among civilians now exceeds levels in the hands of states. This causes violence and violation of human rights. For this reason, our implementation of Arms Trade Treaty corresponds to the commitment of Colombia to the defense of life, freedom, international law and the need to promote a transparent commerce of weapons in line with international law, international humanitarian law. Furthermore, we believe that it's important to strengthen regional initiatives, such as those of the Organization of American States and unirec, which contribute to strengthening national capacities to confront this scourge.

Secondly, for Colombia, Action against mines is an instrument for reconciliation and peace. This is part of the peace process underway. It's something that strengthens trust, reparations and social harmony. Thirdly, Colombia is extremely concerned by the growing risks represented by lethal autonomous weapons. My delegation supports the adoption of a legally binding international instrument to guarantee meaningful human control on critical functions of selection and targeting of goals.

We believe that no machine should have power over human life. And we we urge the international community to act decisively so that technological progress is based on ethics and humanity. To conclude, Colombia will continue to be advocating for strengthening controls over the manufactured transfer and commerce of conventional weapons and munitions, highlighting state responsibility and due diligence. By producing and exporting states. Thank you very much.

I thank Colombia. Give the floor to the distinguished representative of Brazil.

Thank you, Chair. Brazil aligns itself with a statement delivered by the Community of Portuguese speaking countries and would like to add a few points in our national capacity. The discussions under this cluster remain crucial to international peace and security.

Conventional weapons are responsible for the vast majority of civilian casualties in contemporary conflicts. Their impact extends far beyond the battlefield, undermining development, displacing communities and fueling instability. Brazil welcomes the progress achieved on the treatment of conventional ammunition management under the un. The preparatory meeting of States on the Global Framework for Through Life Conventional Ammunition Management held last June marked an important step towards the Institute institutionalization of this topic. We perceive a growing recognition that safe and secure ammunition stockpiles, as well as a set of standards for marking and tracing are essential to preventing diversion and reducing armed conflict.

Brazil sees this process as a practical and forward looking contribution to both disarmament and sustainable development. We encourage all member States to engage constructively in the lead up to the 2027 Meeting of States. Mr. Chair, Brazil attaches great importance to the work of the Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems held under the ccw. The rapid advances in artificial intelligence applied to the military domain make this issue ever more urgent for Brazil.

The guiding principle must remain clear. The use of force must always be subject to meaningful human control and oversight. Accountability for decisions involving life and death cannot be delegated to algorithms. As we contemplate the contributions of the Chair and the friends of the Chair of the LOS gge, we are convinced that the existing rolling tax provides a sufficient basis to fulfill the Group's mandate and initiate negotiations for an instrument on the issue. This understanding was supported by nearly 40 high contracting parties to the CCW in a joint statement delivered at the last session of the GGE last month.

In this regard, we invite delegations to support this year's draft resolution on laws and to continue to engage constructively in the ongoing work of the CCWGGE. Mr. Chair, we are concerned with the signs of erosion of the legal norms enshrined in the Anti Personnel Landmine Convention. Brazil recalls the need to uphold the existing legal framework on conventional weapons and remain committed to advancing effective multilateral actions in this area with a view to enhancing transparency, strengthening international peace and security and upholding international humanitarian law. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Brazil and now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Austria.

Thank you, Chair. Austria aligns with the statement by the European Union the principles of The UN Charter, the rules of IHL and the legal norms of the humanitarian disarmament treaties protect civilians during and after armed conflict and preserve their dignity. Today, these legal norms, built over 80 years, are at risk of erosion. The result is civilians being exposed to unacceptable risk. We must reverse this trend.

The apmbc, the DC and the CCM have outlawed weapons that cause unacceptable suffering. State parties have achieved a lot on the journey to a world free of these weapons and we look forward to the review conference of the CCM in Lao PDR to celebrate its achievements. However, we are alarmed about the number of victims of anti personnel mines and cluster munitions being on the rise. Again, we find it unacceptable that these weapons are being produced, stock, bulk, transferred and used. We call on all states to refrain from any such activity and abide by their legal obligations.

And to all states not yet party to join these instruments. We are deeply concerned about the withdrawals of states from these treaties. Austria supports the UN Secretary General's campaign on humanitarian disarmament and continues to support mine action, most recently in Uganda as well as Ukraine. Ukraine, the country most contaminated by Mines and EOW due to Russia's war of aggression. Mr.

Chair, the CCW is an important instrument that requires more constant review to effectively address the humanitarian concerns adequately. This includes Protocol three on incendiary weapons. Austria welcomes the progress made in the GTE on laws, including the rolling text. Establishing a legal frame framework to regulate autonomous weapon systems with clear red lines is an urgent priority for us. Mr.

Chair, I now have the honor in the name of Belgium, Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala, Ireland, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Liechtenstein, Malta, Mexico, New Zealand, the Philippines, Republic of Moldova, San Marino, Sierra Leone, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Tonga, Vanuatu, Venezuela and my own country, Austria, to introduce draft resolution L41, lethal autonomous weapon systems. Last year's resolution 7962 was supported by 166 member states demonstrating the importance of the issue. This year's draft resolution again stresses the need to address the challenges and concerns posed by autonomous weapon systems and encourages the ongoing work of the GTE on laws to make progress on this issue. We hope again for broad support for this draft resolution. Mr.

Chair, a full version of the statement will be put up on the system. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Austria. Now I'd give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kiribati.

Thank you, Mr.

Chair. Kilipas wishes to align itself with the joint statement delivered by the Solomon Islands on behalf of BIF members that are state parties to the Anti Personnel Mine Pen Convention. Kiripus, as a small island developing state, does not believe in using weapons to address conflict. This is why we highlighted the importance of the Kaioki, our traditional way of reconciling conflicts at last year's First Committee. Through this customary process, disputing parties come together before the community to discuss their differences, forgive past wrongs and restore peace and harmony.

Mr. Chair, even though Kiribati is not a member to the Cluster Munin's Convention, we recognize the importance the impact that this Convention has had on advancing the principles of humanitarian disarmament, in particular its provisions on victim assistance. We acknowledge that its provisions help promote humanitarian provisions in other treaties, including the TPNW. Mr. Chair, I would like to briefly turn our attention to lethal autonomous weapons systems.

Last summer here in New York, we actively participated in the informal consultations on laws. In particular, we contributed to discussions on both the humanitarian and security considerations where we expressed concerns about the possibility of introducing artificial thinking machines into command and control systems of nuclear weapons. This is an issue that concerns us as a small state that has been impacted by 33 nuclear tests. In addition, we highlighted the urgent need for the States for states to consider environmental impact of loss and the significance of the Indo Pacific Conference that was held in the Philippines in 2023. Mr.

Chair, in September 2025 we endorsed a joint statement that was delivered at the meeting of the CCW Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons which was held in Geneva. We appreciate the joint statement recognition that the rolling text contains a set of elements that could serve as the basis for negotiations of an instrument on addressing laws. Due to our active participation in the informal consultations last summer and decision to endorse the joint statements, Kiribati is proud to be co sponsoring Austria's resolution on lethal autonomous weapon systems. We attach great importance to Op. 3 of the resolution which goes for the for the EYE contracting parties to work towards completing the set of elements for an instrument being developed within the mandate of the Group of Governmental Experts with a view to future negotiations.

I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Kiribati.

And now give the floor to the distinguished delegation of the DRC.

Mr. Chair, conventional weapons, especially small arms and light weapons, remain the preferred weapons used to destabilize communities while fueling conflict and crime. This often has disastrous consequences on civilian populations, especially women and children.

The illicit trade and trafficking of these weapons therefore is a major concern in the sub region of Central Africa, especially in my country, the drc. At the regional level, the DRC remains committed together with its other African neighbors, with the support of the international community to make significant progress toward implementing the African Union roadmap called Silencing the Guns in Africa as part of the 2063 Agenda of the African Union. In addition, I would like to commend initiatives launched by partners and the international community which spare no effort to support support the DRC in its battle against the proliferation of small arms and light weapons through various bodies that have been created to this end. In order to consolidate efforts to combat the illicit trafficking and trade in these types of weapons, my government has taken a number of measures and commitments, including the UN Program of Action on SALW, the Contrasta Convention of 2010 on Control of SALW, their ammunition and their parts and components that could serve for remanufacture, repair and assembly, to which end it has deposited its instruments of ratification in September of last year.

In the same vein, the drc, with the support of its partners, has implemented several programs that aim to draw up a National Plan of Action for Control and management of SALW 2024, 2028, the interconnection of our national service with all arms management services, the tracing of weapons circulating in the DRC in order to identify networks involved in the illicit trafficking of weapons. Mr. Chair, these efforts have allowed the DRC to have positive outcomes when it comes to the destruction of weapons, ammunition and bombs in cooperation with Niger and other countries, as well as the project supported by the US Department of State.

Microphone was cut off for the speaker. I'd like to thank, says the Chair, the distinguished delegate of the DRC and now give the floor to Burkina fawcett.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, the delegation of Burkina Fasa reaffirms its support for the success of our work. We align ourselves with the declarations made by the African Group and the Non Aligned Movement and would like to make the following comments in our national capacity. Mr. Chair, the Sahel is currently undergoing heightened security crises that are fueled by mass unchecked circulation of small arms and light weapons which fuel terrorism and illicit trafficking.

Beyond the security aspect, this proliferation is hampering sustainable development by undermining the main economic sectors that our countries depend on. The economic costs of proliferation of these weapons are heavy. Treatment for a gunshot wound can be 11 times the annual health expenditures on average of an inhabitant. These resources ought to go toward education, health or infrastructure, but they are being diverted toward treating gunshot wounds. Mr.

Chair, in light of these challenges, Burkina Faso has established a National Commission for Arms Control which coordinates control, confiscation and destruction of illicitly introduced weapons and recognizes that efforts to combat the proliferation of these weapons requires greater international cooperation. Within the alliance of Sahel States. We have stepped up regional cooperation through joint operations for border security and are basing ourselves upon international norms such as MOSAIC and technical directives on munitions. Burkina Faso also commends the adoption of the Global Framework on Ammunition Management through life ammunition management, which fills in a critical gap in the international architecture. We underscored the role played by new technologies blockchain for traceability, AI for detection at the border and geolocalization for securing stockpiles of these weapons.

In the case of Sahel, in particular, Burkina Faso proposes the establishment of a special fund to combat the proliferation of light weapons in Sahel, jointly administered by the un, the Confederation of Sahel States and relevant regional African organizations. Mr. Chair, in closing, we remain convinced that only a coordinated, equitable approach based on solidarity, based upon as well mutual respect and international cooperation will allow us to forge a world that is truly safer and more prosperous. Burkina Faso reaffirms its commitment to actively contribute to collective efforts to combat the proliferation of conventional weapons. Thank you.

I thank you for that intervention and I now give thank you the floor to the delegation of Mali.

Mr. Chair, at the outset I would like to congratulate you on behalf of the Malian delegation on your election as Chair of this Committee as well as all members of the Bureau. I can assure you of our full support. My delegation lends itself with the statements delivered by the Non Aligned Movement and the Afro African Group and also commends the documents on conventional weapons, especially the UN Convention of 1980 on certain conventional weapons and its protocols, the Arms Trade Treaty of 2013 and the outcome document of the Fourth Conference on the Proliferation of SCLW. Mr.

Chair, I would now like to speak to a growing and concerning the production and proliferation of conventional weapons and the use of technology by terrorist armed groups in the Central Sahel for criminal purposes. This trend constitutes a significant challenge for peace and security in the Sahel and especially in Mali, where criminal groups are conducting terrorist attacks, especially against civilians and infrastructure. It is important to recognize that the lack of of strict regulations at the international level and the support that these groups receive facilitate their attention of these weapons and their use. Therefore, we must work together to establish clear norms and robust control and tracing mechanisms for conventional ammunition. As indicated in the Obama co Declaration of 2000 on the proliferation of Salwater, Mali has been on the front lines of the battle against this existential threat against our states.

Data shows that the significant increase in violence in the Sahel is directly linked to the proliferation of conventional weapons, hampering the efforts made by the countries of the region to resolve these conflicts. In light of these challenges for Kina Faso, Mali and Niger, on July 6, 2024, formed the Confederation of Sahel States to coordinate their efforts not only to strengthen the collective defense mechanism and mutual assistance system for member states, but also to implement coherent diplomacy and harmonious development for their common space. We ought to strengthen international regulations and international cooperation, but also support its economic development. We remain convinced that in order to effectively fight the root causes of insecurity, it is essential to promote socioeconomic development as well. In closing, I would like to express our gratitude to all of our partners who have stood by our side during this difficult and complex fight for peace and stability to benefit our populations.

Thank you.

I thank you you for that statement and I now give the floor to His Excellency, the Ambassador of France to the cd.

Thank you. Chair. Chair. France aligns itself with the statement made by this European Union wishes to add the following remarks in its national capacity. Control of conventional weapons is a major issue for the security of all regions in the world.

Respect for the principles of international humanitarian law is crucial for protecting civilians who are the first to be affected by the indiscriminate use of these conventional weapons. Faced with these challenges, the disarmament community has established a number of specific and concrete measures. Mr. Chair. Illicit trade in SALW continues to to exacerbate armed violence.

The UN Program of Action is the cornerstone of our efforts to combat this traffic and remains relevant thanks to the new groups of technical experts on new technologies. These efforts have been supported by the Global Framework on Ammunition Management meeting of which took place successfully in June. France presents, together with Germany and South Africa, the resolution of the implementation of this framework, which is crucial for combating the diversion and accidental explosion of ammunition. We call on all states to support it. Mr.

Chair. In an international situation that is growing increasingly complex, France recalls the importance of the Arms Trade Treaty, which is an essential instrument for regulating legitimate trade in these weapons. France strictly abides by its obligations and calls on all states to accede to the treaty. France also calls for the universalization of the Anti Personnel Mine Ban Treaty Convention and its protocols which are these mines are a threat to civilian life. We support many demining programs, especially in Ukraine, Mauritania, Syria and Lebanon.

These programs also contribute to combating IEDs which pose a particular danger to the civilian population. Mr. Chair, France supports continued work on lethal autonomous weapon systems within the Convention on certain conventional weapons and we commend progress made in the gge. France calls on all states to participate in this GGE and to accede to the ccw. We warn against any fragmentation of the discussion so which might undermine the progress and efforts made under the CCW which must remain our frame of reference for making progress in international regulation.

Thank you.

I thank you, Excellency for that statement. Give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Philippines.

Thank you. Mr. Chair. The Philippines aligns itself with the statements delivered by Cambodia on behalf of ASEAN. And by Indonesia on behalf of NAM.

Mr. Chair. Each generation inherits both the progress of perils of the one before it. As technology evolves and conflicts persist, the challenges before us is not only control to control weapons, but to reaffirm the values that make restraint possible for the Philippines. This work is inseparable from our duty to safeguard human life and our ironclad commitment to international humanitarian law.

You pursue actions that uphold the centrality of the victims of these weapons and the need for affected states to build independent national capacities. It's one of the few states that are party to all major humanitarian disarmament instruments. The Philippines calls on all member states to accede without delay to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, the Arms Trade Treaty, the Convention on Cluster Munitions and the Anti Personal Mine Ban Convention. As President of the 13th Meeting of States Parties to the CCM reaffirm our commitment to ending the suffering and casualties caused by cluster minutes. We welcome the accession of Vanuatu to the CCM and reiterate our call on those yet to succeed.

To do so, we also request the support of all states to the resolution and implementation of the CCM led by our delegation and co sponsored by a group of states. We deeply regret the withdrawal of some States parties from the CCM and the apmbc. These developments risk eroding the hard won humanitarian disarmament norms of our time. We condemn any transfer and use of land mines, cluster munitions, incendiary weapons or improvised explosive devices by any actor under any circumstances. The obligation to limit the effects of armed conflict for humanitarian considerations is rooted not only in treaty law but also in established customary international law, in the dictates of humanity and in the public conscience.

We also reaffirm our support for strengthening the implementation of IHL in the context of the use of explosive weapons in populated areas. We underscore the cross border and transnational threat posed by the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons and their ammunition. The Philippines welcomes progress under the global framework for through life conventional ammunition management and reaffirms the commitment to the forthcoming review conference of the United Nations Program of Action on the Emerging Domain of Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems. Support the work of the CCWG on laws and the informal discussions held in New York last May believe that this process must lead to a set of elements leading to a universally applicable, legally binding instrument that respects ihl, human judgment and human responsibility in the use of forest decisions. Mr.

Chair, our vision is clear. Disarmament must be a pillar of peace, not its afterthought. Philippines stands ready to work with all partners to advance the humanitarian agenda of these instruments, protect civilians, uphold human dignity and to build a future defined not by weapons but by hope, justice and human security. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Philippines. And now we give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. At a time when ongoing conflicts around the world are causing significant human sufferings and raising the risk of region and global instability, discussions on conventional weapons remain particularly crucial due to their widespread use in modern conflict. The Republic of Korea reaffirms its strong commitment to multilateral disarmament and arms control initiatives on conventional weapons. The Republic of Korea has been actively participating in the work of the Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons System under the framework of CCW that seeks to balance security concerns and humanitarian imperatives while maintaining a future oriented approach.

We commend the GG Chair Ambassador in Den Busch of the Netherlands for his diligent and able leadership and look forward to continuing our collective efforts to build consensus as we enter the final year of the Group's three year mandate. The IRK reaffirms its position that the GGE should continue to serve as the central and unique forum for addressing various issues related to laws and its work should not be duplicated in other settings. Chair the Republic of Korea is over the view that ensuring a responsible arms trade and curbing the illicit flow of conventional weapons constitute a key pillars of global peace and security. We reiterate our deep commitment to advancing the ATT's purpose and objectives and also underscores the CSP 11 chairs call for universalization and urge all States that have not yet signed or ratified a treaty to do so without delay. Chair Advancing the humanitarian objective of the Anti Personal Mine Bank Convention has been particularly challenging this year as States confront a deteriorating security landscape.

It is a sobering reality that many states continue to grapple with the difficult task of reconciling their humanitarian obligations with pressing security concerns. Despite the fact that the Republic of Korea has not yet ceded to the Convention due to the unique security situation on the Korean Peninsula. We fully share the humanitarian objectives of the Convention. In this connection, the Republic of Korea has been engaged in anti Persona mine clearance efforts where possible, including the removal of 167 anti Persona mines last year. We have also been undertaking precautionary measures to protect civilians and have maintained an indefinite moratorium on their exports since 1997.

In a similar vein, the ROK has not installed any mines for years. Chair the Republic of Korea remains seriously concerned about the ongoing challenges posed by the diversion, licorice tracking and misuse of small arms and light weapons as well as conventional ammunitions. My delegation reaffirms its commitment to UN Program act and international tracing. We also welcome the launch of Global Framework for through Life Conventional management and successful convening of the prepared meeting this year. At the same time, my delegation underscores the importance of strengthening synergies, ensuring complementaries among the instruments.

Thank you, Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea. And I give the floor to Paraguay.

Thank you, Chair. Conventional arms, and in particular small arms and light weapons, parts, components, accessories and munitions necessary for their use are the most used by transnational organized crime to intern to threaten international, national and regional peace. As a result of the illicit trafficking and diversion of these type of weapons to non state, non authorized actors, this is one of the greatest threats for peace and development. With this in mind, the fight against organized crime is one of the main priorities of the Government of Paraguay. And this fight, the effective control of weapons is an essential pillar to weaken criminal networks.

The need to confront this issue with concrete actions has led to the adoption of national regulations in the area of control of arms and munitions, such as various laws that have been in effect since January of 2025 which implements mandatory traceability of all transactions related to export and import weapons and munitions using both IT technology, technology and on site verification.

Now the government has suspended temporarily the import of all weapons into the country. This was done taking into account our international commitments and the need to implement measures to better ensure better security and control the commercialization of weapons. The commitment of Paraguay to the international community in the area of conventional weapons is reflected in our adherence to various international and regional instruments such as the Arms Trade Treaty, the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocol 3 against as well as inter American conventions on manufacture and also illicit trafficking of firearms, ammunitions and explosives. The transparency in the international control of weapons and munitions is a fundamental pillar in the fight against transnational Organized crime. As part of this effort, we presented five annual reports between 2020 2024.

As a landlocked developing country, Paraguay uses both fluvial and air transport for its commerce. This means that the government has to make extraordinary efforts to balance two fundamental ensure security of our territory and facilitate trade. For this goal, efficient national legislation harmonized with international instruments is very important. Important to ensure the security of our citizens. Thank you very much.

I thank you for your statement. Now I'd like to give the floor to the delegation of Spain.

Thank you very much. Chair. First of all, I'd like to align us with the statement of the European Union. And I'd like to add the following considerations in our national capacity. Spain has always decisively supported conventions that prohibit the use of weapons with an indiscriminate impact on the civilian population, such as the Ottawa Convention and the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

And we strongly advocate for the defense and universalization of both these treaties. We are committed to the support of demining and make available our facilities to the international community. Artificial intelligence will change our reality. Also in the military sphere, Spain actively participates in all processes that seek to regulate its use. In the military sphere, which will host the future RE AIM Conference dialogue to facilitate exchange of ideas and discuss opportunities, challenges and risks associated with the application of AI.

We welcome the report of the Secretary General on AI in the military sphere as a key instrument to make progress in this area. Mr. Chair, we commend progress achieved by the group of government experts on lethal autonomous weapons systems. Its goal is to develop an international instrument to regulate its use. Spain will continue contributing constructively to the work of this group.

We highlight the importance of the Arms Trade Treaty which is key to ensuring a world that is more respectful of human rights and prevent illicit commerce, destabilizing accumulation and the undue use of small arms and light weapons. The Modular Small Arms Control Implementation Compendium MOSAIC is a practical guide in this process. Spain considers it essential to implement the United nations program to prevent, combat and eliminate the illicit traffic of small arms and light weapons and all its inspects and the adoption of a international tracing instrument with the goal of making societies aware of the devastating impact that the proliferation of small arms and light weapons has and strengthen the legal framework to combat and prevent the trafficking the illicit traffic of these weapons. Both instruments are key to provide a global response to a global problem. We are very concerned about the insufficient through life conventional ammunition management and its diversion to illicit markets that fuels terrorism.

In response to these concerns, a global framework for the through life management of conventional arms that Spain supports. Mr. Chairman, unfortunately, the increase of armed conflicts in different parts of the world has potential to increase the challenges that we confront. Only through international coordination will be possible to create confront these challenges, build mutual trust and uphold international law. Thank you.

I thank you for your statement.

Now I would like to invite the delegate of Cuba. Mr. Chairman. We support the statement of Indonesia on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement. We reiterate our commitment to the Convention on Certain Conventional Arms and the protocols of which we are a party. We reiterate our commitment to the implementation of the United Nations Program of Action to prevent combat and eliminate the illicit traffic of small arms and light weapons in all its aspects as an international reference in the sphere.

We reiterate the relevance and validity of the international instrument allowing States to identify and trace reliably small arms and light weapons. We support support the global framework for through life conventional ammunition management based on our firm commitment to the prevention and combating illicit trafficking of munitions and strict compliance with our national legislation and international obligations. We advocate for the adoption as soon as possible of a legally binding international instrument in the framework of the United nations that prohibits the manufacturing, possession and the use of fully autonomous weapon systems and that establishes specific regulations for the use of semi autonomous weapons. Mr. Chairman, there are still double standards in the area of disarmament. While some producers continue transferring conventional arms to non authorized non state actors, thus diverting them to the illicit market, they are trying to prevent developing countries from from acquiring them and using them for legitimate self defense in line with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter.

At the same time, there is continued development of conventional weapons that are increasingly strategic, sophisticated and deadly. While there is a growing imbalance between the production, possession and commerce of these weapons, we maintain our position on the Arms Trade Treaty which establishes parameters that can easily be manipulated for the approval and denial of transfers of arms to Member States. It is urgent to put an end to illegal transfers and diversion of small arms and light weapons to non state non authorized actors which is the main source of illicit trafficking. We must address the socioeconomic causes of this scourging including through cooperation and assistance to States that require. Thank you.

I thank the delegation of Cuba. And I give the floor to the delegation of Niger.

Thank you. Chair Newer lends itself with these statement made by the African group and the non online movement and makes the following comments. International capacity Conventional weapons have become a major challenge for our states, especially in Africa because this causes the most human suffering and the Sahel region. Their unchecked circulation contributes to the rise of terrorism, transnational organized crime and serious violations of IHL and human rights. With regard to these challenges, the NICHER is part of all the regional international initiatives that aim to effectively control control the illicit trafficking of salw.

On a practical level, our country has been fighting the proliferation of these weapons because it is one of the first countries to establish a National Commission for the Collection and Control of Illicit Weapons, just created in November 1994. When it comes to combating the proliferation of conventional weapons, Niger has made significant progress thanks to the establishment of our National Roadmap for the Management of of Weapons and ammunition in 2018. This led to the adoption and drafting of a National Strategy for Weapons Marking to increase the security and tracing of arms used by the State. In terms of international assistance and cooperation, our National Commission for the Collection of Illicit Tracing, Trafficking and Weapons has more equipment now for tracing and provided by training for tracing specialists marking specialists, we have been able to mark 8,000 SALW. Mr.

Chair, the fourth review conference of the POA on SALW which took place in New York was an important step in our common fight against the proliferation of these weapons. We commend the outcome of this conference, especially the reaffirmation of the role of the POA and the International Tracing Instrument as an essential framework for the prevention and reduction of salwater. We also encourage the effective implementation of the recommendations of Revcon 4, especially when it comes to cooperation, technical cooperation and financial assistance. We call for strengthening international cooperation to improve traceability of weapons, preventing their diversion toward illicit markets and to promote transparency as a mutual confidence building measure. Therefore, to do this we ought to call on governments to update and or submit their complete reports on the UNPOA as well as the Arms Trade Treaty, while emphasizing the importance of transparency as a tool for strengthening confidence between countries.

Thank you.

Thank you. Distinguished delegates of Nigeria. I have the pleasure of giving the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand.

Chair Thailand aligns itself with the statements delivered by NAM and asean. The proliferation and irresponsible use of conventional weapons remain a primary driver of human suffering, protecting conflicts and undermining peace and security. While States retain the inherent right to self defense under the UN Charter, they bear the responsibility to uphold their obligations under international law, international humanitarian law and relevant arms control instruments and to resolutely refrain from the use of inhumane weapons. In this context, Thailand wishes to highlight three points. First, our commitment to humanitarian principles is reflected in our efforts under the Anti Personnel Mine Ban Convention.

We have cleared more than 99.5% of mine contaminated areas and continue to advance the victim assistance and mine risk education. As part of our comprehensive mine action efforts, we call on all state parties to maintain full compliance with their obligations and strengthen international cooperation in humanitarian demining. Universalization of convention is critical, which is why Thailand is a proud supporter of the UNSG's campaign on humanitarian disarmament and Mine Action. Furthermore, our support for the political Declaration and unexpected explosive weapons in populated areas is rooted in an unwavering conviction that the protection of civilians must be paramount in all our disarmament and arms control efforts. We look forward to the second international conference of the EBIPA Declaration in Costa Rica.

Second, Thailand welcomes the Global Framework for Through Life Conventional Ammunition Management as a vital voluntary guide for states in managing ammunition stockpiles safely, secure Curie and sustainability at all levels. We also reaffirm our commitment to the full and effective implementation of the POA on Small Arms and Light Weapons, an international tracing instrument which are essential to prevent diversion and illicit flows. To bridge capacity gaps, we urge international technical and financial assistance to all states in need. Chair the Third the development and use of the emerging technologies must be be consistent with international law and humanitarian principles. The potential for indiscriminate effects and unpredictable consequences posed by AI enabled systems, including lethal autonomous weapon systems, underscores the urgent need for effective regulation and constructive and inclusive discussions to meet this challenge head on.

In conclusion, Chair Tyler reaffirms our commitment to collaborate with all stakeholders and in advancing peace and security through the effective control and management of conventional weapons. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Thailand and the distinguished Vice Chair of the First Committee for her statement. And now I have the honor to give the floor to the representative of the Maldives.

Thank you, Chair. The Maldives aligns itself with the statement delivered by Indonesia on behalf of the the Non Aligned Movement. From fueling arms race and organized crime to increasing the risk of conflict, the impact of small arms and illicit trade weigh heavily on every society it touches. Beyond the devastating human toll, it derails progress towards SDGs, drains economies and deepens mistrust in institutions, leaving peace out of reach. To mitigate this, we must match our commitments with action on three fronts.

First, we must strengthen transparency through reporting. Too many states fall short of fulfilling their obligations under the Program of Action to Prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects and the International Tracing Instrument. This lack of transparency erodes trust and cooperation. Timely and accurate reporting is essential for accountability and real progress. Second, we must close national capacity Gaps.

Many countries lack the resources, technology and training to mark, trace and destroy illicit weapons effectively. These capacity gaps allow small arms to move too easily across box borders and oceans. Weak oversight and lack of data, especially in trade corridors, heighten the risk. This is why technical assistance, sustained funding and peer learning must accompany the commitments. Third, we must align arms control measures with sustainable development goals.

Small arms proliferation diverts resources away from classrooms, hospitals, infrastructure and adaptation. It deepens inequality, weakens governance and traps vulnerable states in cycles of underdevelopment and fear. Aligning arms control with the SDGs is imperative to ensure peace and development go hand in hand. We know the cost more instability and setbacks. We must strengthen the implementation of the arms control regime and ensure its future.

Ready? I thank you.

Thanks. A distinguished representative of the Maldives.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Libya.

In the name of God, the merciful, the compassionate. Mr. Chairman, my delegation aligns itself to the statement delivered on behalf of the Arab Christ Group on the UN Program of Action to counter the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons. And we stress that the proliferation of illicit arms is a serious challenge to our security and stability. It prolonged conflicts and threatened Social Security. Libya believes that fighting the scourge requires international cooperation genuinely based on mutual trust.

Mutual trust, exchange of information and expertise and support to affected states in controlling their borders and stopping smuggling.

We stress the need to distinguish between fighting illicit trade in arms on the one hand and the sovereign right, the sovereign right of state to possess conventional arms to ensure self defense in line with Article 51 of the UN Charter on the other side hand, Libya calls for linking the program for fighting arms to sustainable development goals, especially goal 16 on justice and strong institutions. In conclusion, Mr. Chairperson, we stress our commitment to working with all international partners to build a world that is safer, more stable and free from the illicit flow of weapons that threaten security and development. Thank you, Mr. Chairperson.

I thank the distinguished representative of Libya. And now I give the floor to the allegation of Cote d'.

Ivoire.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. My delegation aligns itself with these statements delivered on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement and the African Group. He'd like to make the following observations in our national capacity. Mr.

Chair. Conventional weapons, as we know, are the most serious threat to security in Africa. Especially due to their interlinkages with terrorism and trends transnational organized crime.

Three of them should be of particular interest to us during this session. First of all, salw they continue to fuel conflict and to exacerbate armed violence. The regulation of their trade and elimination of their diversion toward non authorized recipients ought to be a priority and we ought to regulate them based on the main mechanisms that are the Arms Trade Treaty and the POA on salw. In this regard, we should strengthen the modalities and procedures of cooperation and international assistance, especially at the regional level, to support efforts made toward trans border cooperation. The second challenge is that of conventional ammunition, especially the use of their explosive components for developing and manufacturing improved explosive devices.

This trend means that the implementation of the Global framework for through life ammunition management is especially urgent. It was adopted in 2023 after the successful holding of the preparatory meeting in June of this year. It is crucial for the first meeting of states which is scheduled for 2027 to allow for the establishment of the process and modalities that will make this mechanism effective. My delegation also commends the important role that could be played by the Permanent Fellowship Program for specialized training in order to expand knowledge and technical competency as well as practice with regards to the officials that are in charge of applying these global framework. Lastly, the development of techniques for developing and deploying IEDs for terrorist purposes is a troubling trend and it must be appropriately addressed.

It is also essential not only to make the enforcement of existing instruments more effective, but also to find new responses and solutions that are more adapted to the emergence of new technologies. Thank you.

Thank you Madam for that statement. Floor to the distinguished representative of Israel.

Thank you. Chair Regrettably, for decades conventional weapons have been acquired and proliferated throughout the Middle east in unprecedented quantities. These weapons find their way into the hands of oppressive regimes, terrorist organizations and terror sponsoring states. A few terror organizations specifically in the Middle east, are well funded organizations that can hold arsenals larger than those of some States. Chair As a signatory state, Israel supports the purpose of the Arms Trade Treaty, and many of the Treaty's principles and standards are already embodied in Israel's robust export control mechanisms.

Furthermore, Israel participates in its work program throughout the year. We expect the ATT's work to maintain a professional poster and avoid politicization. Recently, however, this has not been the case. Regrettably, this undermines the integrity of the forum and risks crippling its capacity to undertake the important task envisioned for it. Chair On October 7, 2023, Israel suffered unprecedented attacks which involved atrocities of unimaginable magnitude and severity.

The diversion of missiles, rockets, UAVs, small arms and light weapons and related technologies to the hands of terrorist organizations led to the loss of so many innocent lives in one devastating day. The proliferation of these Types of conventional weapons to such savage terrorists is not only a growing challenge in the Middle east, but worldwide threat. Iran, the biggest proliferator to terrorists worldwide and a UN member state that launched hundreds of direct missile attacks against Israeli cities in 2025 alone is a clear and immediate global threat. The Iranian regime has systematically supplied terrorist organizations beyond its borders with weapons, ammunition and the logistical means to employ them as part of a cohesive strategic policy aimed at the destruction of the State of Israel. The Iranian regime has materially empowered and has been substantially involved in repeated armed attacks by these groups.

The continuous pattern of arms transfer and facilitation of military activities demonstrates deliberate state directed and empowerment of terrorist actors as an instrument of Iran's aggressive strategy. The international community must find a way to combat this dangerous illicit trend of rogue states such as Iran that transfer arms to terrorists in direct violation of obligations. Chair Israel values the CCW and recognizes its uniqueness as the main IHL focused framework in the field of conventional weapons that includes the most relevant actors with regard to lethal autonomous weapon systems. The progress that has been made in the discussions within the CCW should be highlighted, especially in light of the GGE approaching its last year of discussions. We hope the deep and professional discussions taking place in the Group will lead to tangible consensual outcomes ahead of the 2026 CCW review conference.

The full version of the statement will be uploaded online. I thank you.

Chair I thank you and I'll give the floor to the distinguished representative of Norway.

Thank you. Chair Norway is committed to international humanitarian law and safeguarding humanity in warfare.

Protecting civilians from the devastating consequences of war is a lodestar. Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine continues to undermine international humanitarian law and erode long standing achievements in conventional arms control and disarmament. Humanitarian workers and UN personnel are protected by international humanitarian humanitarian law and must never be attacked. The latest example of Russia's drone strike against a UN convoy in Ukraine demonstrates utter disregard for civilian lives and core international obligations. Chair Norway is concerned by ongoing and new use of anti personnel mines and indiscriminate weapons that causes unacceptable civilian harm.

Norway condemns any use of these indiscriminate weapons by any actor under any circumstance. We are concerned by withdrawals from the conventions on cluster munitions and anti personnel landmines. These treaties are widely recognized as global successes and annual UN votes show support well beyond formal state parties. In times of growing insecurity, we must reaffirm, not retreat from our collective obligations. Chair the use of explosive weapons in populated areas causes Widespread civilization, civilian suffering From Gaza and Ukraine to Sudan and beyond.

The political Declaration on the WEPA remains a cornerstone for change. Its principles must be integrated into military policies, training and doctrines. Norway urges all states to endorse and implement the Declaration. Chair Autonomous weapon systems raise serious concerns. We must clarify and elaborate rules and norms to address the them.

We welcome the progress at the GGE on loss. The Chair's rolling text offers a sufficient basis for elements for an instrument to fulfill the mandate of the gge. When the mandate expires, the CCW Review Conference should move us towards negotiations of an instrument containing these elements. Chair the Arms Trade Treaty is an essential tool to prevent arms from fueling conflict or violating international law. As conflicts multiply, the risks of diversion and illicit trade grow.

By building capacity sharing best practices and strengthening cross border cooperation, we can keep the ATT effective. All member States should join and fully implement the Treaty. Finally, disarmament is a shared responsibility. The participation of civil society, international organizations, academia and affected communities enriches and sustains progress. We must strive to ensure gender balance and integrate diverse perspectives in disarmament processes.

Thank you, Chair. Thank you to the distinguished representative of Norway and now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lao PDR.

Mr. Chair, my delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Non Aligned Movement and asean, the LA PDI of great concerns over a wide range of security and humanitarian impacts arising from the aliasis manufacture, transfer and circulation of small arms and light weapons. Therefore, my delegation fully supports the efforts to strengthen the phones and effective control of these weapons and combat the illicit threats at the national, regional and international levels. My delegations welcome the consensus adoption of the final report of the Fourth United nations to reveal its progress made in the implementations of the program of actions to prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit threats in small arms and light weapons in on East Africa aspects. Mr.

Chair, being in one of the most heavily impacted countries by cluster munitions, the Lapidia has experienced first hand the devastating and persistent effects of these inhumane weapons. Therefore, the Lapidia share a common aspiration to make our world free from the dangers posed by the explosives remnants of war. The Lao PDS deeply value the convention of the Caster Militia and remains unwavering in its commitments to upholding its principles and achieving them. Taking these opportunities, we are on stage who have not just done so to join the CCMS to pursue the goals of a wound free of cluster munitions. For the LA pdr, the CCMB is more than disarmament treaties.

It is a path to pitch Developments and dignities. In this regard, we are honored to assume the presidencies and the hosts of the Third Review Conference of the State Parties to the CCM in Vientiane, Latvia in 2026. This boasts historic responsibilities and and an opportunity to reaffirm our global unities in the fight against class demolition. I thank you, Mr.

I think the distinguished representative of LA PDR.

I'd now like to give the floor to the delegation of Equatorial guinea.

Mr. Chairman, the delegation the Republic of Equatorial guinea would like to line us up fully with the statements made on behalf of the African Group and the Non Aligned Movement. At the national level, we would like to make a comment regarding this topic on conventional weapons. This continues to be an open wound in the body of Africa. While our people are working to advance the towards development, the continent continues to be the victim of illicit trafficking of weapons that are not produced in Africa, are not financed from Africa, but kill in Africa. In our sub region Central Africa, the uncontrolled flow of weapons fuels conflicts, insurgencies and cross border crime.

Today, towns that in the past lived off of fishing and agriculture possess huge arsenals valued at millions of dollars dollars. Where these weapons come from? Who pays for them? How can armed groups that have no economic activity have access to such sophisticated weapons? The response is clear.

There are international networks and blood lobbies that enrich themselves maintaining Africa internally at war and preventing the content from rising and achieving development. Mr. Chairman, Equatorial guinea considers that Interpol must review its global strategy. Create specialized units deployed on the ground to cooperate directly with national security forces to identify, detain and dismantle networks that traffic weapons and finance violence. States which shelter these traffickers and where the industries manufacture and sell illicit weapons must assume their responsibility. The United nations cannot continue to be a passive observer.

There must be real sanctions against countries that through action or inaction allow their citizens or businesses to finance chaos and destabilize sovereign governments. Mr. Chairman, allow me to recall a telling example. In 2003, a British citizen, Mark Thatcher, financed a mercenary operation to overthrow the legitimate government of Equatorial guinea for the promise of obtaining oil concessions. After the overthrow, my country issued international arrest, movement warrant, but they were ignored. Why?

Because we are a small African country facing powerful northern countries. That is the sad reality that persists today. We denounce it, but nothing changes. This is why, Mr. Chairman, we must ask ourselves honestly, why do we hold these sessions every year if afterwards everything continues the same? If we want our resolutions to be meaningful, we must be move from words to actions, effective control, exemplary punishment and real cooperation.

Mr. Chairman, true security cannot be built with weapons, but with justice, with development and with mutual respect. Thank you.

I thank you for your statement. I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan. Thank you. Chair. Mr.

Chair, Azerbaijan adheres to its commitments concerning conventional weapons and has consistently maintained a principal position supporting this rigorous enforcement of these obligations. While in a new chapter of peace and stability is now opening in our region, it's important that all states comply in good faith with their obligations under the generally recognized principles and rules of international law with respect to the maintenance of international peace and security, in particular those relating to the respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of States and non interference in their internal affairs. There's a need for redoubled efforts aimed at reducing the humanitarian impact of conventional weapons to safeguard lives, notably by addressing the threat of landmines and explosive remnants of war. Marwa it's pertinent to recall that states using landmines are under obligation to record their placement and at the end of active hostilities to remove or otherwise render them harmless to civilians or facilitate their removal. Mr.

Chair. The past conflict turned Azerbaijan into one of the most heavily mined contaminated countries in the world. With an estimated presence of 1.5 million landmines and unknown number of explosive remnants of war. The human toll caused by landmine contamination in Azerbaijan is considerable. Over the past 30 years, more than 3,400 people have fallen victim to landmines and explosive remnants of war.

In the post conflict period since November 2020, 410 Azerbaijani citizens, including children and women have been killed or seriously injured and regrettably the number continues to increase. Land mine contamination significant significantly hampers development efforts, causes environmental degradation, obstructs post conflict recovery and impedes the safe return of the forcibly displaced population to their homes. To date, approximately only 20% of the contaminated areas out of the over 13% of Azerbaijan's territory have been cleared and only 5.4% of the of the estimated 1.5 million landmines have been identified. Mr. Chair.

Landmine threatened Azerbaijan States enhanced accountability, solidarity, partnership and international assistance to fortify humanitarian demining initiatives as emphasized in the Secretary General recent report on minor.

I thank the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan and I would like to give the floor to the distinguished Deputy Permanent Representative of jamaica.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Jamaica aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of NAM and caricom. While Jamaica does not manufacture arms nor import them in significant quantities, we remain concerned about the global increase in small arms and lightweight weapons destruction as reported by the UNODA and its disastrous impact on societies. We therefore support efforts at the regional and multilateral levels towards curbing the illicit flow of small arms and light weapons and reducing the high incidence of armed violence.

Jamaica reiterates the commitment to the principles of the Arms Trade Treaty, the CCW and other norm setting instruments. We urge all states to adhere to their international commitments and uphold global norms on these issues. Chair Jamaica is implementing a multi pronged strategy in this area focused on developing legal and regulatory frameworks and building capacity. However, it is obvious that no country can tackle these challenges on its own and collaboration among all stakeholders is necessary. Our partnerships have helped strengthen the framework governing weapons supply and to disrupt the illegal importation of weapons at ports of entry.

These complement our national development goals for the security sector, including initiatives to reduce violence, especially among the youth. In this connection, we welcome the conclusion of the Salient Jamaica program implemented over two phases between 2022 and 2025 with the support of the UNODCUL, UNODE and UNESCO. This initiative contributed to the disruption of weapon supply and the enhancements of conflict resolution norms with impact across the entire Caribbean region. We are also pursuing initiatives through CARICOM IMPACTS and UNLEREC to improve the control of small arms and reduce access to firearms and ammunition through the implementation of the Caribbean Firearms Roadmap. Chair the evidence is clear that the matter of conventional weapons is linked to transnational organized crime.

We therefore call for a coordinated international campaign to cut off the flow of weapons, money and influence that sustain these activities. We urge full implementation of the UN Program of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons and the international tracing instruments as key tools that address conventional weapons. Major arms exporting countries must tighten export controls, strengthen end use monitoring and ensure rigorous post delivery verification. Chair in closing, addressing the matter of conventional weapons remains a priority for Jamaica as we work towards curbing the increasing and diverse threats to regional and international peace and security. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Jamaica. Now I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Senegal.

Mr. Chair, my delegation aligns itself with the statement made by Indonesia on behalf of the Non Blind Movement and Nigeria on behalf of the African Group. We'd like to briefly share the following points in its national capacity. First of all, more so than WMD or nuclear weapons, it is conventional weapons that continue to pose a serious threat to international peace and security. From Gaza to the drc, from Ukraine to Lebanon, Haiti, Sudan, the Sahel, the Lake Chad Basin and Yemen, tens of thousands of civilians are killed, wounded or displaced due to These weapons.

Recent developments in terms of the technology and design of these weapons require additional efforts for regulation. Secondly, contained erosion of the global architecture of collective security undermines efforts toward the multilateral control of these weapons. Rising geopolitical tensions, multiplying security crises, and economic, social and humanitarian challenges are fertile ground for the proliferation of slw. At the same time, military spending is reaching astronomical levels as well as the diversion of conventional arms and ammunition. This continues to fuel armed conflict, violence and terrorism throughout the regions of the world.

It is therefore urgent and holistic approach to better control these weapons, including through mass investment and sustainable development. Thirdly, the rapid evolution of technology, especially AI and lethal autonomous weapons systems, constitute new challenges. In this regard. Senegal supports all initiatives that aim to establish legally binding norms guaranteeing that all weapons, regardless of their form or technology, remain subjected to the universal principles of responsibility and humanity. Fourthly, and in closing, to close on a positive note, my country notes that significant progress has been made when it comes to governance of conventional weapons.

The establishment of the Global Framework for Through Life Ammunition Management is part of the global response to the threats posed by illicit trafficking conventional ammunition. The first conference is scheduled for 2027 and we should work to promote a synergy of action between ammunition management and the other processes of control for conventional weapons. We also are pleased with the establishment of the expert group within the POA which will consider the evolution in manufacture, technology and design of selw. We must strengthen confidence, building measures, expand cooperation, international assistance, foster technical assistance and financial assistance, and improve coordination at the regional international levels. And all of these topics you can count on the unwavering commitment of the delegation of Senegal.

Thank you for your attention.

Thank you to the distinguished delegate of. Senegal to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe.

Thank you, Chair Zimbabwe aligns itself with. The statements delivered by the Non Aligned Movement and the Africa Group, and we. Wish to add the following remarks in a national capacity.

As we engage in this important debate. We are reminded that peace and security remain the foundation upon which sustainable development and human dignity are built. My delegation therefore reiterates the urgent need to counter the illicit production, possession and trade in conventional weapons, which continue to fuel violent conflict, undermine stability and erode prospects for development across the globe. Chair Zimbabwe welcomes the successful convening of. The Fourth Review Conference and the Program.

Of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All its aspects and its associated International Tracing instrument held in June 2024 and its consensus outcome. The establishment of a dedicated funding mechanism under The United nations is is a timely and necessary step towards enhancing international cooperation and assistance and we urge all States in a position to contribute to do so. My delegation also welcomes the successful conclusion of the preparatory meeting of States on the Global Framework for Through Life Conventional Ammunition management held in June 2025. We consider the Global Framework a constructive and forward looking instrument to address the. Safety, security and accountability of conventional ammunition throughout its life cycle.

Zimbabwe supports the voluntary nature of the. Framework and the ongoing preparations for the first meeting of states in 2027. Mr. Chair, we are concerned about new trends. Related to 3D weapons printing and call for international measures to tackle the risks emanating from such emerging technologies.

We also support calls for a legally binding instrument to regulate lethal autonomous weapon systems. Zimbabwe reaffirms the sovereign right of all. States to acquire, manufacture, import, export and retain conventional arms components and ammunition necessary for their legitimate self defense and security requirements. We note with concern the cases of. The imposition of the unilateral coercive measures that unduly violate such sovereign rights.

Chair in support of regionally coordinated action. Zimbabwe observes the Africa Amnesty Month each. September through a national campaign coordinated with the Southern African Development Community. In this context, we call for renewed international support towards Africa Unions Silencing the Guns by 2030 initiative. We will submit our full statement to the system.

Thank you Chair

I thank you very. Much the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe for your statement and now invite the distinguished Representative of Belgium.

You Mr. Chair Belgium aligns itself with the statement delivered by the EU and wishes to offer the following remarks in its national capacity. Respect for international humanitarian law is a requirement for the use of arms in conflict and thus an essential pillar for arms control, disarmament and non proliferation.

It is also a crucial component of the rules based international order. Unfortunately, it is presently under severe pressure. It is eroded by massive and brutal violations, but also by undermining political rhetoric and by direct political attacks against the institutions that underpin it. Like the International Criminal Court, Belgium will continue to defend the integrity of the international humanitarian law and underline its role in arms control, disarmament and non proliferation. Belgium also fully supports the Secretary General's campaign to strengthen global mine action.

As the first country to ban anti personnel mines and cluster munitions, Belgium remains committed to to humanitarian disarmament and defending the international norms against the use of these weapons. Controlling trade in military and dual use goods is a responsibility for each state and vital in order to prevent powerful weapons from being developed by proliferators or transferred to criminals or terrorists. The arms trade Treaty and multilateral export control regimes are indispensable tools and merit this Committee full support. In addition to the erosion of the rules based order, we are also witnessing rapid technological advances with military applications including artificial intelligence, quantum technology and biotechnology. These technologies have an enormous potential to benefit humanity and project a better future, but they also pose existential risks.

This Committee allows us to to enter into dialogue to address these risks and promote responsible development. In that context, Belgium advocates for human accountability in the development, deployment and use of military artificial intelligence and autonomous weapons systems. Decisions involving the use of force must remain under meaningful human control. We remain convinced of the need for urgent action on this issue and has been articulated by the UN Secretary General and the President President of the ICRC and reaffirmed as well in the Pact for the future. Given the maturity of the discussions in the group of governmental experts on legal autonomous weapon systems, we are convinced that any remaining differences can be resolved in the context of subsequent negotiations on an instrument to strengthen the international norms created by the Convention on Certain conventional weapons.

Protocols 1 and 4. Belgium proposed amendments to the funding treaty of the ICC. The so called Rome Statute labeling as war crimes all use of weapons with primary effect to injure bifaments undetectable by X rays in the human body. We call on all ICC's parties to ratify.

I thank the distinguished representative of Belgium.

I now invite Sudan to take the floor. Floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Distinguished delegates. The delegate of Sudan. The delegation of Sudan aligns itself with the statements made on behalf of the Non Aligned Group, the Arab Group and the African Group and has the following remarks in the national capacity.

Conventional weapons are one of the leading causes of death and destruction around the world. The illicit trade in these weapons has been a challenge for many states of the world. We attach great importance to combating the illicit trade and supply of small arms and light weapons in view of the catastrophic effects on the security, humanitarian and economic levels of the unprecedented increase in the illicit flows of these weapons. The supply of weapons by some states to terrorists, armed groups and criminal organizations to prolong armed conflicts is a clear violation of the most basic rules of the international law, the UN Charter and a number of Rangers Elephant Security Council resolutions. For many years the Sudan has suffered from the proliferation of small arms and light weapons which has encouraged a continuation of rebellions against the state, which has disrupted the economic development and the improvement of the standard of living and the well being which the Sudanese people deserve.

The war of aggression led by the rebel rapid support militia against the state and people of the Sudan is a clear evidence of the catastrophic humanitarian impact of the indiscriminate use of explosive weapons in populated areas. These rebel militias have turned our cities into killing fields. Hospitals, schools, water plants and markets have been systematically destroyed. We call on the international community to move from expressing deep concern to taking concrete actions that can curb the flow of arms and hold accountable the perpetrators and their regional financiers who support whose support has been uninterrupted over the past two years. We affirm the inherent right of States to produce, export, import and acquire light and small arms commensurate with their security needs and enable them to exercise their legitimate right to self defense in accordance with Article 51 of the UN Charter.

We also support international efforts to control and prevent the illicit trade in these weapons. I reiterate Sudan's support for the the UN Program of Action and the International Tracing Tool. And we welcome the adoption by consensus of the outcomes of the Fourth Review Conference and our support for the development of the funding mechanism for supporting States to implement the Program of Action. We welcome the convening of the preparatory meeting of States within the voluntary framework for through life conventional ammunition management. We stress the need to not take advantage of this to impose political restraints on the use of these weapons.

And we also.

In conclusion, we welcome the convening of the second session of the Group of Governmental Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems and emphasize that international humanitarian law remains applicable to all weapon systems including development and potential use of these weapons. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sudan. Distinguished delegates. We have exhausted the time available for this meeting. The committee will reconvene this afternoon in this conference room when we will continue the thematic discussion under the cluster of conventional weapons. After hearing a presentation by the chairperson of the open ended Working Group on Prevention of Arms race in Outer Space, the meeting is adjourned.