Third Committee, 28th plenary meeting - General Assembly, 81st session

Thank you so much. The 28th meeting of the Third Committee at the 81st session of the General Assembly is called to order. I now invite the Committee to continue its consideration of agenda item 70, promotion and protection of human rights. And on this occasion, I would like to welcome the chair of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, Mr. Muralidhar, who is joining us virtually. In the usual way, I would invite those delegations who wish to pose questions or make comments, press the microphone now over the next three minutes, and we will work out how many speakers there are, and that will determine the length of time to be given to each speaker. And I now invite the Chair of the Independent International Commission to address this. You have the floor.

Good afternoon, distinguished Chair, His Excellency Mr. James Martin, Excellencies, colleagues. Today I present to you the Commission's report focusing on killings and bodily and mental harm by state actors in the occupied Palestinian territory since 7 October 2023. This is the Commission's third report to the General Assembly since the genocide in Gaza started in October 2023. Yet, little or no action is being taken by Israel or member states to stop the atrocities against the Palestinian people highlighted by this Commission. Failure to act now is particularly egregious against the backdrop of the staggering death toll, which has continued to rise since the so-called ceasefire: over 75,000 Palestinians across the occupied Palestinian territory have been killed since 7 October 2023, including at least 21,500 children and 11,000 women. It is an outrage that these actions have been allowed to continue unabated. The report presented today concludes that Israeli authorities and forces have continued to commit war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of genocide, even after the so-called ceasefire agreement. Israel continues to expand its territorial control in Gaza, resulting in the killing and harming of Palestinian civilians, including children, who approach across the yellow line. The Commission's finding on continuous harm to civilians since the ceasefire stand in contrast to the Board of Peace's report to the Security Council in May this year, which claimed that the ceasefire is largely held, bringing, and I quote, "enormous relief to the civilian populations," unquote. Meanwhile, the situation in the West Bank has deteriorated gravely since 7 October 2023, and the number of Palestinian fatalities has increased significantly. The Commission finds that the Israeli authorities intended that military operations and settler violence to form part of a coordinated attack against Palestinians since 7 October 2023, both serving common objectives: one, the entrenchment of Israeli settlements; Two, the annexation of Palestinian territory. And three, the displacement of Palestinians from the land. The Commission concludes that Israel has committed the crimes against humanity of extermination, torture, rape, and other forms of sexual violence in the West Bank. Israel has also committed the crime against humanity of persecution in the West Bank, where the permissive rules of engagement are implemented in a discriminatory manner, applying exclusively to the Palestinians. The conduct of the Israeli authorities and forces form part of a broader strategy to exterminate and displace Palestinians and impose conditions of life that are unlivable. Excellencies, in June this year, the Commission published a report detailing violations and crimes against Palestinian children across the occupied Palestinian territory. The Commission investigated many cases in Gaza where Palestinian children were deliberately targeted on account of their status as children. Today's report concludes that age-based persecution against Palestinian children has also been committed by Israel in the West Bank. Sexual, reproductive, and other forms of gendered violence, including rape and other forms of sexual violence like gang rape, genital violence, forced nudity, and cavity searches of Palestinian women, amount to torture and continue to be used by Israeli forces to displace, subjugate, and destabilize the Palestinian people. In Gaza, sexual violence continues to be part of a pattern to destroy the Palestinians as a group, while in the West Bank, it forms part of the widespread and systematic attack on the civilian population as a form of collective punishment. The victims are targeted on the basis of being Palestinian, as well as their perceived political affiliation, gender, and sexual orientation. Excellencies, As part of a broader investigation into the root causes of recurrent tensions and protraction of conflict, the report outlines the key drivers of Israeli violence and concludes that Israel has striven to expand territorially and displace Palestinians through violence since the 1947-48 war. Israel's policy of seizing maximum land while minimizing the Palestinian population is rooted in historical practices and patterns of action, resulting in an excessive and discriminatory application of lethal force, displacement, and injuring and killing Palestinians over generations. Excellencies, the report also examines Palestinian state violence and concludes that Palestinian security forces have increasingly used unnecessary or disproportionate force against Palestinians in the West Bank since 7 October 2023. The Commission concludes that the Palestinian Authority has failed to conduct effective and impartial investigations into incidents of killing and to ensure effective remedy to victims and their family members. The State of Palestine must cease the targeting of human rights defenders and other civil society actors. Palestinian authorities must conduct independent investigations into alleged violations of international humanitarian and human rights law and provide remedies for victims. Excellencies, Israel should immediately comply with the advisory opinion of July 2024 of the International Court of Justice and end the unlawful occupation of Palestinian territory, evacuate all settlements, and remove obstructions to the full exercise of the Palestinian people's right to self-determination. Most urgently, Israel must also end the commission of international crimes in the occupied Palestinian territory, including genocide in Gaza. Member States must also fulfill their obligations under international law. States must not render any form of political, military, economic, or financial aid or assistance or cooperation in maintaining Israel's unlawful occupation and its settlements. Member States must employ all means available to them to prevent and punish the crime of genocide. Finally, states should cooperate with and support the International Criminal Court particularly amidst the recent sanctions levied by the United States against the Court and its officials. Finally, I deeply regret having to address the members of the Third Committee by video and not being physically present in the room with you. Regrettably, I have not received a visa, despite my best efforts to secure one. As a result, the voices of the victims and witnesses which form the basis of this Commission’s findings are reduced to mere electronic transmission, rather than through personal engagement. Thank you.

I thank the Chair of the Independent International Commission. I now will pass the floor to two delegations in the order in which their request to speak was received. First, Israel, the Permanent Representative of Israel, you have seven minutes. To be followed by the Permanent Observer of the State of Palestine, you also have seven minutes. The Permanent Representative of Israel, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We are here today as the United Nations faces an unprecedented budget crisis. But for some reason, the UN thinks it is a good idea to spend 4 million dollars per year writing works of historical fiction. That is exactly what today's Commission of Inquiry report is. It does not simply criticize Israel's alleged policies. It does not simply accuse Israel of wrongdoing. No, it tries to challenge the very legitimacy of the state of Israel itself. It portrays the creation of the Jewish state as a criminal colonial act. It is an attempt to rewrite the history of the Jewish people. and deny our right to our homeland. This is not just an attack on Israel. This commission took terrorist talking points and turned them into official UN document. To make its case, the commission turns its back on the UN's own history. This report goes back to 1947, to the UN partition plan. the UN resolution that called for the establishment of a Jewish state alongside an Arab state. While Jewish leadership accepted that plan, Arab leaders rejected it. On the day Israel declared independence, seven Arab armies invaded to destroy the newborn state. That is a history this commission leaves out. Let me remind this committee the Jewish history in the land of Israel did not begin in 1947. The author Mark Twain visited the land of Israel in the 1800s. Mr. Chairman, I recommend you and my colleagues to read one of his famous book, The Innocents Abroad, where he actually documented his visits to the Holy Land, and he describes What he saw? He saw Jewish communities in cities like Tiberias, like Jerusalem. He recognized that Jews lived in these cities, along with the other holy sites of Tzfat and Hebron, for centuries. From Jerusalem to Bet El, from the Jordan Valley to the Galilee, our history is written into the land itself. Our prayers, Our traditions, our names, our language carry that connection from one generation to the next. Make no mistake, despite Ottoman, Roman, Greek, and Babylonian presence, the Jewish people never abandoned our homeland. Jewish communities maintained a continuous presence here for thousands of years. Generations of Jews prayed to return, and after the Holocaust and millennia of persecution, the Jewish people rebuilt our national home. That is not a story of colonization. It is an epic story of national revival. No commission, no work of historical fiction will ever erase the real history of the land of Israel. Distinguished colleagues, let's pull back the curtain and examine who is writing this revisionist history. Its authors are supposed to be impartial. They are anything but. Chris Sidoti, who resigned but was reappointed to the commission, called Israel a "settler colonial apartheid regime." While Jews are targeted by more hate crimes than any other group, Sidoti claims that, and I quote, "accusations of anti-Semitism are thrown around like rice at a wedding." Navi Pillay, the original chair, consistently called on countries to "sanction apartheid Israel." We all know she was recently awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. But do you know who celebrated this award? Hamas. When terrorists praised the Nobel Committee for giving Pillay the Nobel Prize, That tells you everything you need to know about where she stands. When the UN appointed two new chairs last year, we hoped they would be objective. But look at this report. They are basing their accusations on their predecessor's work from this commission's anti-Israel archive. That is the UN echo chamber at play: reports with no concrete evidence, are recycled and recycled as sources for more biased reports, only because they bear the UN seal. That is not being impartial. That is not fact-finding. That is crafting anti-Israel fantasies under the logo of the UN. The people who wrote this report claim to be independent researchers. They present themselves as UN experts, but we know who they really are: biased, radical activists writing anti-Israel historical fiction. Distinguished colleagues, we keep hearing countries in this room complain about budget shortages. Even the Commission itself claims it needs more money. Yet the Commission remains funded without scrutiny. A commission established to investigate Israel after an operation to fight Hamas, now includes Hamas propaganda in its work. What irony. We appreciate the countries that have recognized the danger of this commission and call for it to be dissolved. This is exactly the reform needed to restore the UN's credibility. We know other countries in this room also care about the future of the UN and understand that this commission destroys the UN reputation. You know it has outlived its mandate, you know it has wasted UN money, you know it has done nothing to advance peace in our region. No report of historical fiction can rewrite 3,000 years of Jewish history. Thank you.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Israel. I now invite the Permanent Observer of the State of Palestine to take the floor. You have the floor, sir.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. We thank Commissioner Morad Dahar, Chair of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem and Israel, and the members of the Commission, as well as Special Rapporteur Ms. Albanese, for their reports and briefings. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, Israel's violations of international law in the occupied Palestinian territory are neither new nor isolated incidents. And for those who attack individuals and to run away from the substance of these reports, those who are a threat to the UN and the international community are those who do not abide by their obligation under the Charter of the UN and relevant UN resolutions. So they cannot come and lecture to us about their bad behavior condemned almost by the entire international community, and hundreds of millions of people demonstrated in the streets. They are organized crimes against humanity, perpetrated in full coordination between the Israeli government, the Israeli occupying forces, and settlers, and the target is the Palestinian civilian population. These crimes are widely spread and rooted in decades of illegal occupation, annexation, and depopulation of the Palestinian land. These crimes have been enabled by a pattern of collective punishment for the Palestinian civilian population and no punishment to the Israeli perpetrators. No Israeli settler has been held accountable for targeting Palestinian civilians and their properties. No Israeli soldier has been held accountable for targeting innocent civilians and using sexual violence as a method of war, and no Israeli official has been held accountable for issuing orders of mass killings and destruction, provocation, and incitement. But an entire Palestinian civilian population is collectively punished, targeted, besieged, and threatened by forcible displacement. The pattern is unmistakable in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including right now in Al-Khalil, where Israel resorts to unlawful use of force targeting Palestinian civilians, including by killing, detention, and torture, mass destruction of homes and properties and infrastructure, forcible displacement, restrictions on access to essential services, and assaults against those who document and those who report these crimes. Of course, in the Al-Khalil area, Close to 500 families have been displaced, that amounts to more than 3,000 people as we speak, to be added to the more than 40,000 Palestinians displaced from the refugee camps in Jenin and in Tulkarem earlier. Al-Khalil is one of the Palestinian governorates that has become the epic center of Israel's apartheid regime in the occupied West Bank. It has already endured immense suffering as a result of military occupation, settlement expansion, settler violence, and systematic discrimination against its Palestinian residents. The international community must not allow Israel to act with impunity for its genocide in Gaza or permit the same patterns of collective punishment to continue in Al-Khalil and throughout the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Your governments must move beyond statements and take concrete measures to protect the Palestinian people, deter settler violence, prevent further atrocities, ensure unhindered humanitarian access and reconstruction, demand entry of international media and journalists to the entire OPT, and hold those responsible for crimes accountable. What is Israel afraid of? If they think that they are doing the right thing, why don't they allow international journalists from everywhere, including Europe and the United States, to go and visit the Gaza Strip, go and visit Al-Khalil, and report to all of you the truth and to you know, to not allow those who come and share lies with us with no foundation. Let the journalists, the independent ones, come and see with their own eyes and report to you the truth. We demand urgent international mobilization in line with the ICJ's advisory opinion of July 2024 to end Israel's illegal occupation and ensure the exercise of the Palestinian people to their right to self-determination, freedom, and independence. Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

Thank you very much indeed. I now pass to those delegations seeking the floor. We have quite a long list. That means each intervention will be limited to one minute. The microphone will cut off at the one-minute mark, and you have a timer available on the screen, which will show it, i think, 30 seconds. The following states are listed in the first tranche: Namibia, United States, Russian Federation, Malaysia, Norway, Liechtenstein, Spain, and Romania. Namibia, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the African Group. The group thanks the Special Rapporteur for her briefing and efforts. The African Group remains gravely concerned by Israel's continued violations against the Palestinian people, including the killing and injury of civilians. the destruction of civilian infrastructure, forced displacement, settlement expansion, settler violence, and obstruction of humanitarian assistance. The group further stresses that the occupying power must fully comply with the obligations under international law. A just and lasting peace requires an end to Israeli occupation and the realization of the two-state solution and the establishment of an independent sovereign state of Palestine based on the borders of 4 June 1967 with East Jerusalem as its capital. I thank you.

Thank you, Namibia. United States, followed by Russian Federation. United States, you have the floor.

The United States rejects this so-called commission of inquiry and all its baseless findings as a glaring example of the institutionalized anti-Semitism rotting the United Nations. This commission was given an unprecedented mandate to investigate Israel in perpetuity, singling out the world's only Jewish state.

The commission seeks to give legitimacy to the Hamas propaganda it regurgitates, it then weaponizes these lies into lawfare, serving as the leading.

Source of purported evidence to the ICC.

But this is only one part of a much larger machinery of discrimination. The UNHRC maintains a permanent agenda item singling out Israel. Not Iran, not North Korea, but Israel. In 2025, the GA adopted more resolutions targeting Israel than all other nations combined.

For centuries, Jews were singled out, demonized, and held to standards demanded of no one else.

Today, Israel has become the Jew among nations at the United Nations.

Israel is entitled to the same standards of justice as every other no more and no less.

This obsessive and systemic

Thank you, United States. I pass the floor to the Russian Federation.

Mr. Chairman, we have carefully reviewed the report. We regret to note that the implementation of the peace agreements is stalling. The Palestinian side has recorded regular violations of the ceasefire by Israel, more than 3,500 incidents in total. Since the truce was reached in Gaza, more than 1,500 people have died and there have been about 5,000 injured. The total number of civilian casualties has exceeded 74,000 people. Significant restrictions remain in place on the entry and delivery of humanitarian assistance. Key tasks to disarm Hamas and withdraw Israeli troops from Gaza have not yet been addressed. Violations of specialized of relevant Security Council resolutions are ongoing, and settler activity is at an unprecedented pace and level. We continue to be convinced that there is still room for a two-state solution. Only such an outcome on the basis of international law can secure lasting peace for all the people of the region.

Thank you, Russian Federation. I pass to Malaysia, followed by Norway, and then Liechtenstein. Malaysia, you have the floor.

Malaysia thanks the Commission for its report and reaffirms our unequivocal support for its mandate in exposing grave violations of international law in the OPT. Malaysia is appalled by the Commission’s latest findings. In Gaza, Israeli attacks continue to claim Palestinian lives while expanding territorial control fuels further displacement and suffering. The situation of the West Bank, including in East Jerusalem, is equally outrageous. The Commission’s conclusion that Israeli authorities and forces have committed crimes against humanity demands decisive international action. Malaysia unequivocally condemns these atrocities, including sexual violence and the deliberate targeting of Palestinian children. The scale and gravity of these violations, compounded by persistent impunity, are indefensible. Israel cannot continue to evade accountability for its actions. Those responsible must be brought to justice. Malaysia reiterates that the unlawful Israeli occupation must end. The Palestinian people's inalienable right to self-determination.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Malaysia. I pass the floor to Norway. Then Liechtenstein. Norway, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair.

We thank the Chair of the Commission for his presentation. Norway condemns the gross and systematic violations of Palestinians' human rights. Around 200 settler attacks have already been reported on the West Bank this year. Norway strongly urges Israel to prevent these attacks, protect Palestinians, and bring those responsible to justice. Checkpoints and control posts restricting Palestinians' freedom of movement must be removed. The Israeli government must also allow the ICRC to visit Palestinian detainees in Israeli prisons and military detention facilities. In Gaza, an average of four people a day have been killed since last year's ceasefire. Civilians lack winterproof shelter and adequate sanitation, undermining their basic dignity. Israel, as the occupying power, must facilitate humanitarian assistance to Palestinians. Norway is also concerned by the Commission's finding of excessive and unlawful force.

Arbitrary arrests by Palestinian security forces.

Lastly, what concrete steps can international community take to advance accountability for the violations?

Thank you, norway. I pass the floor to Liechtenstein, followed by Spain, then Romania. Liechtenstein, you have the floor.

We thank the Commission of Inquiry for its latest report.

We note that your final recommendations refer to state support for the International Criminal Court.

With which, as a state party, we fully concur.

This being said, the ICC is a court of last resort.

It relies on the complementarity of states prosecuting atrocity crimes committed by its citizens and on the territory of its state parties.

The recommendations reflect this, asking the government of Israel to investigate, prosecute.

And punish those who commit violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law. What should be the first steps for Israeli authorities to ensure they adhere to this recommendation?

I thank you.

Thank you, Liechtenstein. I pass the floor to Spain.

Mr.

Chair, Spain aligns itself with the European Union and thanks the Commission for its important work in documenting the very serious human rights documentation. Last June, the report was published. It shows that this massacre, the first victims are innocent children, the most vulnerable victims. They suffer arrests, torture, bombardment, famine, destruction of essential educational health services. This independent task is essential to accountability and the prevention of future genocides. Spain is very concerned about how one year After the signing of the agreement in Gaza, the violence is intensifying in the strip, the tormenting children and not improving the civil society, which is punished by years of inhuman conduct. We call for full respect of humanitarian law and the Israeli withdrawal from the strip. We also urge the Western powers to stop the illegal occupation and the systematic violence, repression, punishment and arbitrary of the settlers in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. We also completely reject the discriminatory jurisdiction on the death penalty. We also call for the respect for international law and human rights in the United States.

The microphone is cut off.

Thank you, Spain. I would encourage all colleagues to think of our interpreters. So I know one minute is tight, but please. I have Romania, United Kingdom, Brazil, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Egypt, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Pakistan, Japan, and European Union. Romania, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We reaffirm our strong and principled support for the UN human rights mechanisms. We underline, however, the need for mandate holders to discharge their responsibilities with the highest standard of professionalism, methodological rigor, accuracy, and due regard for the UN human rights system. Using interpretations of history as a basis for historical intent or causality in state behavior raises serious concerns. Even if attempting such an approach, it should meet specific standards of historical scholarship. Reductive interpretations of history, by their very nature, do not account for all the facts. Is the report an objective account or a political interpretation on the history of Israel? It's also seeking to explain patterns of recurrent violence, but it leaves Hamas and other actors, as well as their impact on Israeli and Palestinian decision-making, outside the analysis. It also does not consider October 7th. How does it achieve its own objectives without assessing the conduct of all key actors involved? The report would have benefited from appropriate consideration of Security Council resolution 2803. Thank you.

Thank you, Romania. United Kingdom.

Thank you, Chair. The UK condemns all attacks on civilians and calls for full respect for international law by all parties. We are clear that Hamas must decommission its weaponry and fully relinquish its control of Gaza. All parties must respect the ceasefire, and Israel must facilitate humanitarian access. All parties must uphold international law and all credible allegations must be properly investigated, with those responsible held to account. On genocide, our long-standing position remains that any formal judgment is a matter for a competent national or international court. The UK’s view is that Israel’s continued occupation is unlawful. The Government of Israel must protect the Palestinian population and take meaningful action to prevent and prosecute settler violence. The UK will continue to work with partners to support Gaza's recovery and advance peace, security, and dignity for Israelis and Palestinians through a two-state solution.

Thank you.

Thank you, United Kingdom. Brazil, followed by Australia. Brazil.

Thank you, Chair. The work of the Commission of Inquiry is vital to report human rights violations in the occupied Palestinian territory, particularly regarding the disturbing findings on genocide. These findings are key to supporting ongoing investigations, delivering justice and accountability. Brazil strongly condemns the unprecedented surge in Israeli settler terrorist attacks in 2026, as well as the unabated and indiscriminate attacks in Gaza despite the ceasefire. We urge the Israeli government to take immediate, effective measures to protect Palestinian civilians, especially children. The award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Navi Pillay, the first president of this Commission, is also a recognition of the importance of this mechanism. It shows that the international community still believes in the pursuit of justice and human dignity, which is a symbolic pillar that supports international human rights. I thank you.

Thank you, Brazil. I pass to Australia, to be followed by Canada. Australia.

Thank you, Chair. Australia also thanks the Commission for its report. The findings of increased violence against unarmed civilians by security forces have been deeply distressing. Australia wants to see an end to the suffering and a sustainable peace. The escalating cycle of violence in the West Bank, including recent attacks in Hebron, is alarming, and expanding Israeli settlements and settler violence must cease. The Australian Government has imposed sanctions on individuals and on entities, including two senior Israeli ministers, in response to human rights violations and abuses against Palestinians. Strong, accountable, and effective Palestinian institutions will be critical to regional stability and long-term prospects for peace. President Abbas's decision to postpone elections is deeply disappointing, and Australia calls on the Palestinian Authority to ensure elections take place without delay. We ask, how can Member States progress, adjust an enduring two-state solution?

Thank you, Australia. I pass to Canada, followed by Mexico. Canada, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Canada is gravely concerned about the suffering of civilians in Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem. Canada has not forgotten and continues to condemn the horrific terrorist attacks committed by Hamas against Israel on October 7, 2023, which killed nearly 1,200 people, including Canadians. In Gaza, despite the ceasefire, the humanitarian situation remains catastrophic. Canada supports the Gaza peace plan, and we call on all parties to abide by their commitments and continued efforts to reach phase two. Canada continues to call for the protection of Palestinian civilians, including journalists and aid workers, and the increase of humanitarian assistance into and throughout Gaza. Conditions in the West Bank are also deeply troubling. Canada strongly condemns extremist settler violence and settlement expansion. Canada is deeply concerned by reported actions against civilians, including journalists, political activists, human rights defenders, and underscores the importance of respecting human rights and fundamental freedoms in the West Bank. Lastly, allegations of mistreatment of by Palestinian detainees by Israeli forces must be investigated.

Thank you, Canada. I pass to Mexico and then Egypt. Mexico, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We reaffirm that the free determination of peoples is a fundamental principle, and we oppose any action that will undermine that. We are concerned about the growing tensions that are deriving from the actions of the settlers against the civil population and the effect that they have. It's a deteriorating situation for human rights of the Palestinian people in the occupied territories, including East Jerusalem. We call for a permanent cease of hostilities and peace in Gaza and the West Bank. We urge guaranteed humanitarian access and the freedom of all people who are detained against international law. Mexico is committed to a just and lasting peace in accordance with international law and the dialogue between the two states.

Thank you. Thank you, Mexico. I pass to Egypt and the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Egypt, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Egypt thanks the Commission for its support. and condemns Israel's continued settlement expansion, settler terrorism, attempts to forcibly displace Palestinians, continued killing of civilians, and.

Attacks against humanitarian organizations and UN entities, as well as racist rhetoric by extremist Israeli officials. We stress that Israel has no sovereignty.

Over occupied East Jerusalem or its holy sites, and reject any measures aimed at altering their historical and legal status.

Quo.

We call for credible accountability, full respect for international law, and the realization of the two-state solution.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you, Egypt. Kingdom of the Netherlands, followed by Pakistan.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We express our appreciation for the Commission of Inquiry. More than three years after the attacks by Hamas, The Commission paints a grim picture of sexual violence, arbitrary detention, and systematic attacks against the Palestinian population. There has been a lack of progress implementing the ceasefire in Gaza, among others, the necessary disarmament of Hamas. Civilians are still victims of ongoing violence. In the West Bank, the situation is in a downward spiral, as was shown by the attacks by Israeli settlers. on Palestinians, as well as the attack on EU diplomats and the abuse of French mayor Baddou and photojournalist Levine. We took note of the Israeli investigation and a number of arrests, but we strongly condemn these attacks and call on Israel to take effective measures to prevent acts of settler violence. We emphasize that violations of international law cannot result in impunity. I thank you.

I thank the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Pakistan, followed by Japan and the European Union. Pakistan, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, the findings concerning Palestinian children are profoundly disturbing. Killing and maiming, starvation, displacement, and the destruction of health care and education have inflicted devastating harm on an entire generation. These violations demand effective protection, credible investigation, and accountability. The Special Rapporteur’s report draws attention to another deeply troubling dimension. Attacks on those documenting Palestinian suffering, journalists must be protected, independent reporting facilitated, and allegations of their deliberate targeting investigated. We call for the full, good-faith implementation of Security Council Resolution 2803, including full implementation of the ceasefire, unhindered humanitarian access throughout Gaza, and early recovery and reconstruction. We also condemn continued Israeli settlement expansion and settlers' violence in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Lasting peace requires ending the Israeli occupation and utilizing the Palestinian people's inalienable right to self-determination through an independent, sovereign, and contiguous state of Palestine on the pre-1967.

Thank you, Pakistan. I pass to Japan.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Japan notes with deep concern the findings of the Commission's latest report, including the reported casualties of Palestinian children. Japan places great importance on compliance with international law. We emphasize once again the critical importance of protecting civilians, especially children, and ensuring unimpeded humanitarian assistance activities under UN Security Council Resolution 2803. Japan is also deeply concerned about the expansion of settlements and the increasing settler violence in the West Bank. Settlement activities are in violation of international law and threaten to erode the very foundation of a two-state solution. Japan remains committed to ensuring the robust implementation of the comprehensive plan towards improving humanitarian situation and facilitating early recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, and ultimately to moving closer to the realization of a two-state solution.

Thank you, Japan, European Union, and to be followed by, I will list the final tranche of delegations to the floor speaking: European Union, Germany, Colombia, China, Cuba, Indonesia, Ireland, Islamic Republic of Iran, and finally, the Sovereign Order of Malta. European Union, you have the floor.

Chair of the UN and its member states, we call our continuing support for the Commission and other relevant UHSR HR mandates. All sites are bound by international law, including IHL and international human rights law. Israel, as an occupying power, has the obligation to protect the population under occupation. We strongly condemn increased settler violence, and we urge Israel to immediately reverse the expansion of settlements. The protected status of civilians and civilian infrastructure, as well as humanitarian and medical workers and journalists, must be respected. The EU recalls the need to fully implement the ICJ's legally binding orders, takes note of its advisory opinions, and reaffirms its unwavering support for the ICC's independence and integrity. We remain firmly committed to a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace based on the two-state solution. Thank you.

Thank you, European Union. Germany, followed by Colombia. Germany, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Germany remains deeply concerned by the humanitarian and human rights situation in the OPT. Regarding Gaza, we call for the full and speedy implementation of the 20-point plan. We reiterate our condemnation of Hamas' terrorist attacks and urge the permanent disarmament of Hamas and other non-state armed groups. We call on Israel to ensure that sufficient aid reaches civilians in Gaza to quickly and noticeably improve the humanitarian situation. Regarding the West Bank, we are deeply concerned by the unprecedented levels of violence. We condemn the attack on Israeli soldiers near Hebron. The security of Israel remains of key importance. At the same time, Israel, as the occupying power, is obliged under international law to guarantee the safety of Palestinians in the West Bank. We reiterate our call on Israel to reverse the expansion of administrative powers and settlements. We strongly oppose any calls for annexation and call for the unwavering commitment to a lasting peace based on the negotiated two-state solution. Thank you.

Thank you, Germany. I pass to Colombia, then China. Colombia, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Colombia reaffirms its commitment to the protection of the civilian population and respect for human rights and international humanitarian law. We condemn the attacks by Hamas and other armed groups on the civilian population of Israel on 7 October 2023, including the murders of hostages and massacres that have caused profound suffering to the families of the victims. We condemn the continuation of armed activities and we call for the reconstitution of Hamas's policy during the ceasefire period, we need to see the reapplication of IHL and its proportionality. This is essential to any peace proposal having effective guarantees for the Israeli population and approaches on new attacks, which Colombia considers all of this essential, so the international mechanisms for human rights and special procedures can play their their roles

and the microphone has been cut off.

Thank you, Colombia. China, then Cuba. China, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, the situation in the OPT continues to worsen, and the violence against Palestinian civilians is shocking. Ending the conflict and achieving lasting peace can be the other shared aspiration of the international community. Gaza belongs to the Palestinian and an inseparable part of the Palestinian territory. Parties concerned must sincerely and fully implement the ceasefire agreement and immediately halt all military activities in Gaza. Countries with significant influence over the parties should be impartial and make tangible efforts to advance lasting peace. It is important to stay committed to the two-state solution and any reject unilateral action that undermine its foundations. We are ready to work with the international community to continue to strive for the Palestinians' just cause, for restoring their national rights, and make unrelenting efforts to an early, comprehensive, just, and lasting solution. To the question. Thank you.

Thank you, China. Cuba, followed by Indonesia. Cuba.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. More than 70,000 Palestinians have been wounded by Israel over the last two years, most of them – many of them women and children. Millions have been displaced in Gaza. They’re living in precarious conditions with a health system that has been deliberately wiped out. This situation cannot continue. The UN is called to act urgently, political discourses must be reflected in practical action. We must recognize the inalienable right to the creation of an independent sovereign Palestinian state within the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, guaranteeing the return of refugees. Palestine should be admitted as a full member of this organization. Palestine will always be able to count on Cuba, our solidarity with its just cause. It will never end. Thank you.

Thank you, Cuba. Indonesia, followed by Ireland. Indonesia.

My delegation commends the work of the Independent International Commission and also of the Special Rapporteur in continuing to voice justice and human rights protection for the Palestinians. We particularly appreciate both reports on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967. Indonesia shares and echo that the situation in Palestine, particularly in Gaza, remains extremely concerning. We need to realize peace immediately. At the same time, the Palestinians also need humanitarian relief and early recovery. Further, we reaffirm our unwavering support for UNRWA. Ultimately, ending illegal occupation of the Palestinian territory based on the two-state solution is the key for regional stability and the security of the Middle East. And that includes realizing the rights of Palestinian people to an independent and sovereign state. Indonesia is committed to advance this cause.

Thank you, Indonesia. I pass the floor to Ireland, to be followed by the Islamic Republic of Iran. Ireland.

Ireland aligns with the EU statement. We again call on Israel to cooperate with relevant human rights mechanisms and respect their mandates. We condemn reprisals against those who work with the UN. Settler violence against Palestinian civilians has intensified sharply. At least seven were killed and over 800 injured in 2025, more than double the previous year. The report notes abduction and abuse of Palestinian children by settlers and increasing use of sexual and gender-based violence. Ireland calls on the Israeli authorities to urgently address impunity. The report also details grave abuses by Hamas against Palestinians, and Ireland calls for an immediate end to all extrajudicial punishment. There must be accountability for all violations of international law. As an EU Member State, Ireland has imposed targeted sanctions against violent Israeli settlers in the West Bank, against Hamas leaders, and has passed legislation prohibiting importation of goods originating in the settlements. Chair, what steps should states take to ensure accountability for the breaches of international law identified in your report? Thank you.

Thank you, Ireland. Islamic Republic of Iran, followed finally by the Sovereign Order of Malta. Islamic Republic of Iran.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. The Islamic Republic of Iran welcomes the presentation by the Chair of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory. The prolonged occupation, Settlement expansion, forced displacement, collective punishment, and systematic violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law by the Zionist regime constitute grave breaches that require continued documentation and accountability. The Islamic Republic of Iran strongly condemns the occupation and the crimes committed against the Palestinian people and calls for the full implementation of relevant UN resolutions. Ending the occupation remains the indispensable condition for the realization of human rights in the occupied Palestinian territory. We reiterate our support for the Commission’s mandate and urge the international community to act upon its findings without selectivity or double standards. Thank you.

Thank you, Iran. I pass the floor to the Sovereign Order of Malta before we revert to the Chair. Sovereign Order of Malta.

Thank you, Chair. The Sovereign Order of Malta has been operating in the Holy Land for over 900 years, caring for the poor and the sick, irrespective of background or religion. We remain deeply concerned about the level of massive suffering in the region. In collaboration with the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, we recently opened the St. Joseph's Clinic in Gaza City. At present, the clinic is seeing 100 patients a day, and our colleagues poor children suffering from wasting, hunger, and stunted growth. In Bethlehem, at our Holy Family Hospital, which has delivered over 110,000 babies in the last 30 years, our colleagues note that checkpoints and violence are causing difficulties for their mobile medical unit teams. We stress the need to ensure a political solution to the conflict so as to bring hope, restore dignity and lay the ground for reconstruction of Gaza. I thank you.

Thank you. That brings to an end our list of delegations seeking to speak from the floor. I now turn the floor to the Chair of the Independent International Commission, who has 10 minutes allocated to him. And I pass the floor to you now. Thank you.

Thank you, Mr. Larson. I note wide-ranging support for the work of the Commission, and I am grateful to the countries that have expressed that support today in this Assembly. Most particularly, I am heartened to note that of the permanent five, at least three of them, the United Kingdom, Russia, and China, have voiced their full-fledged support and their anxiety to see peace in the Palestinian occupied territory of Palestine. Having said that, it's regrettable that Israel has chosen this forum to target individual members of this Commission of Inquiry and recycles the lies about what was said. It is also extremely regrettable that the stellar reputation of Ms. Navi Pillay, the most deserved winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, is sought to be tarnished in this way, and I think that should be condemned. I'm also astonished about the comment made by the representative of the United States, which say this commission's work as categorizing Israel as a Jew among the United Nations. I thought this was a thoughtless and tasteless comment, and maybe even racist. So I would strongly resist this attempt by the United States to delegitimize the work of this commission. I must also point out to the representative of Romania that this commission was among the earliest to bring out a full-fledged report on what happened on October 7, 2023. This commission has listed out the atrocities committed by Hamas. Only in June this year, we submitted a separate report on the actions of non-state actors, which included those of the Palestinian armed groups and Hamas. I must also point out that the work of this commission is based on painstakingly gathered evidence, analyzed thoroughly, and it's analyzed keeping in mind the evidence gathering protocol.

I'm sorry, Chair, we've lost volume. Can you just see whether there's anything you can do at your end?

Yes, sorry. Yes, I'm sorry, Mr. Larson. I think it was briefly muted. I was saying that the evidence gathering protocols of this commission are aligned with that of the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court, and we follow the highest professional standards. We don't arrive at conclusions unless we are completely satisfied, and there are cases that the commission itself has investigated thoroughly. It has the evidence in its position. It's prepared to share it with any adjudicatory body that wants to investigate. If only Israel can cooperate in the work of this commission, Israel will realize how thorough and professional and unbiased the work of this commission is. Israel refuses to cooperate, refuses to permit this commission to even visit the occupied Palestinian territory ever since the work of this commission began. And Israel refuses to comment on the reports sent in draft form to Israel even before they are tabled before this assembly. So it is regrettable that this forum is being used to attack the Commission in this way, when I can vouch, and each of my co-commissioners can vouch, that the work of this Commission is based on scientific analysis of the evidence that has been gathered. The work of this Commission will continue with the support of the Member States, which have voiced their anxiety, voiced their concern on Israel's actions. I think it requires a collective effort to answer the question posed by the representative of Ireland, The Commission's report itself contains recommendations, in particular, ceasing all cooperative endeavor with Israel that will encourage Israel to continue with its actions of genocide in Gaza and crimes against humanity and war crimes in occupied Palestinian territory. I must also point out that the forced displacement of the Palestinian population, not only in Gaza, but in West Bank, is of deep concern. Military operations since January 2025 have led to the largest displacement of Palestinians in the West Bank since 1967, with 34,176 Palestinians remaining displaced as of 2026. Also of concern is the use of technology. The Commission is aware of the use of Waze Dadi an artificial intelligence-assisted tracking system that monitors the location of targeted individuals and alerts operators when a target enters a designated location. The Commission highlights that where artificial intelligence is used, the individuals who exercise effective control over the system and make the relevant decisions remain accountable. The killings of Palestinians, unarmed Palestinians, both in Gaza and West Bank, are continuing. It's a matter of grave concern that despite the so-called ceasefire, this is going unabated. And as members have themselves expressed, including three members of the P5, the Board of Peace's plan is only on paper and it's not being implemented. Israel is acting with impunity, and it is high time for the world community to act, and it should act now. Thank you, Chair, and thank you each of the member states for participating in this discussion.

I thank the Chair of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem and in Israel. And we now move to our next presenter, who is the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories, Ms. Francesca Albanesi, who is joining us virtually. We will adopt the same process in relation to speakers. Those States who wish to speak following Ms. Albunazi's presentation should indicate the desire to do so now, and you'll have three minutes to do that. And that will, the number of speakers will determine how much time we have for each intervention. In the first instance, I would invite the Special Rapporteur to make your presentation. Thank you.

Thank you, Chair. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, this is the fifth time I address you as a Special Rapporteur, the fourth since the genocide began, and the second, which I am forced to do remotely because of the sanctions unjustly imposed on me for carrying out my mandate, which remain in force. Last year, I warned that state sanctions against those pursuing accountability constitutes an attack on international justice and United Nations itself. And as states largely stayed passive, the United States has even escalated its lawfare, sanctioning more judges and officials of the International Criminal Court, and now the entire court itself. The US and Israel are cannibalizing the rule of law, aiming to replace it with their rule of lawlessness. Enabled by global predatory elites, they are forging a world where no one is safe from the scourge of war. and the protections enshrined in international law and the UN Charter lie buried beneath the rubble that modern warlords can profit from. Years of relentless propaganda have obscured the truth and dulled the urgency to act. And those who refuse to look away face repression in burying the truth and shielding perpetrators from accountability. This is a context in which I wrote my last report. Genocide is not sustained by killing alone. In every genocide, dehumanization, information control, and media complicity make the destruction of people acceptable. From this very assembly, ICC wanted Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called information an eighth front of Israel's war. The other seven are the people and countries Israel has recently bombed. My report documents the systematic elimination of witnesses, information control, incitement to hatred, and legitimization of atrocities that have occurred in Gaza since October 2023. First, with nearly 300 Palestinian journalists and media workers killed in three years, together with hundreds of their relatives, Gaza has become the deadliest place for journalists ever recorded. of the Palestinian journalists who were killed, more than 100 have been arrested, many of them tortured. Second, apartheid Israel has built a system of military censorship, restrictive laws, and state-funded digital campaigns. It has systematically barred independent foreign media from Gaza, even expelling critical outlets. And inside Israel, listen to this: Military censorship has reached record levels, with nearly 2,400 articles banned and more than 11,000 redacted in 2024 and 2025. Yes, Israel. Segments of Israeli media have normalized dehumanization and genocidal incitement. repeating ad nauseam that there are no innocent civilians in Gaza, that Gaza should be erased, that Palestinians are monsters, a cancerous growth. Third, the war information extend beyond Israel and involves influential media, especially in Western countries. Across the very outlets many of you excellences rely on, troubling patterns recur. Israeli claims are treated as authoritative, while Palestinian voices are marginalized. Editorial guidance constrains language and legal context. Nearly eight decades of dispossession since the Nakba and two decades of blockading Gaza have disappeared. The story begins on October 7. Israeli children are children. Palestinian children are minors or young people. Israeli victims have names, they have dreams. Palestinians are an amorphous mass, numbers at most. Their civilian status always in doubt. Excellency, this is not semantics. Military claims become headlines. Hospitals become command centers. Places where displaced Palestinians are relentlessly attacked are called safe zones. Civilian deaths become collateral damage or human shields. Such framing reproduces legal distortions that camouflage atrocity. And when the violence is too obvious to deny, responsibility vanishes, and grammar does the work. Palestinians die, building collapse. Hind Rajab, killed after pleading for rescue from a car riddled with 335 bullets, was just found dead in the headlines. Online, Palestinian voices are suppressed while content dehumanizing them circulates unfettered, and platforms profit from Israel-sponsored advertising campaigns, for example, denying famine and undermining accountability. Excellencies, these are not mere failures of language. These has legal consequences, because let me remind everyone, journalists are civilians, and deliberately attacking them or media facilities that are civilian objects is a war crime. When committed as part of a widespread and systematic attack against civilians, killings and persecution of journalists may also constitute a crime against humanity. The systematic elimination of witnesses because they belong to the group targeted can be evidence of genocidal intent. Media organizations and technology company, their responsibility under the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. In 2003, sentencing the founders of Radio Milcoline in Rwanda, Judge Navi Pillay said, I quote, "Without a firearm, machete, or any physical weapon, you cause the death of thousands of innocent civilians," end of quote. And Gaza is no different. The media's contribution to making the genocide of Palestinians appear legitimate and its perpetrators credible and its victims expendable also demands accountability. So I call upon this assembly to face reality. Truth in Palestine is under attack, and with it, the entire multilateral system we are part of, a system never believed to lead to heaven, but which today sits idle while we fall into hell. So thank you for your consideration, and even bigger thank you if you decide to act.

Thank you, Special Rapporteur. We now have a good list of approximately 22 speakers. For all save the first speaker, the time limit will be 1.5 minutes, but the first speaker, Israel, you have seven minutes, Permanent Representative of Israel.

Mr. Albanese, the report you have presented today is another baseless attack against Israel. You think that your report will damage the State of Israel. The truth is exactly the opposite. Every accusation, every conclusion, every piece of so-called evidence only proves that you are a fraud, you are a liar, and you are a stain on the United Nations. Ms. Albanese, last week, Dr. Alistair Edwards, a former UN rapporteur, exposed your anti-Israel obsession. She revealed how you dismissed Hamas's atrocities, pushed aside hostage testimonies, and ignored victims of terror. Today's report is just another example. You accuse Israel of "mediacide," a made-up term. You call it, and I quote, "systematic destruction of the media's public function." But the real systematic problem with this report is the person who wrote it. Let's take a look inside your delusional mind and understand the twisted logic behind your words. Any time Israel shows real evidence of Hamas using press credentials to hide their activities, you dismiss it as a smear campaign. You completely ignore the publication bans, threats, arrests, interrogations, and beatings used to intimidate the people of Gaza. That is why you and this report are completely detached from reality. You claim to defend human rights while ignoring the terrorists who violate them, and you claim to defend the truth while retreating every fact that challenges your narrative as disinformation. Today's report is not an isolated failure. It is a pattern that ruins the work of the UN. Ms. Albanese, you are a liability to the UN. You disregard the 20-point plan in Security Council Resolution 2803, which called for a ceasefire in Gaza. Even now, when Israel worked with international NGOs to remove the rubble in Gaza, you attacked Israel. You also use your UN post to promote political views on issues far outside your mandate, including NATO, European security, and even the Russia-Ukraine war. This clearly violates the Human Rights Council's code of conduct. On all those issues, you had something to say. But after Iran murdered 50,000 of its own people, you were silent. When we called you out, you claimed that it was outside your mandate. You are a hypocrite. Let me ask you, distinguished colleagues. Is this what we expect from a so-called UN human rights expert? She is a mouthpiece of brutal, oppressive regimes. She uses her UN mandate to advance her radical personal political positions. She is a liability to the UN. Ms. Albanese, many, many countries in this room, including the United States, the Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, France, and even your own country, Italy, have spoken out against your behavior, your bias, and your malpractice. You are a disgrace to the UN. Ms. Albanese, we all know that you use your UN title and the UN letterhead to promote your radical anti-Israel agenda. The only official letter you should be issuing is your letter of resignation. In fact, we have a copy for you. Let me present your letter of resignation. Dear Mr. Secretary General, I, Francesca Albanese, hereby tender my formal letter of resignation effective immediately. Through sustained bias, bad faith, and deception, I have brought the name of the UN into disrepute. Specifically, I have promoted Hamas ideology by turning a blind eye to its atrocities and activities. I have used my UN mandate to promote personal political grievances, facilitate selective outrage, and ignore genuine crises that don't fit my narrative. Lastly, I have damaged the UN by turning this place of progress into a circus. I have transformed UN investment into divestment, UN altruism into greed, and the UN spirit of collaboration into a platform of hatred. Given these betrayals, I cannot justify continuing in this role. As such, I submit my resignation and will pursue a new opportunity with Hamas, Hezbollah, or a more fitting ideological counterpart. Respectfully, Francesca Albanese. Ms. Albanese, you are trying to destroy the UN from within. You do not get to redefine genocide from the comfort of your office. You do not get to demonize Israel without consequences. It is time for you to go home. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Israel. Could I just remind all colleagues, obviously, in reflecting on the subject before us, to be mindful of focusing on the substance and not perhaps individuals. If I could invite the Permanent Representative of Fiji. You have 1.5 minutes, to be followed by the Permanent Representative of Malaysia and Permanent Representative of Italy. Fiji, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair.

Fiji’s position is consistent. The Council’s instruments hold authority only while they are universal, impartial, and non-selective, as resolution 60/251 requires. On the Commission of Inquiry, its findings must rest on tested evidence.

Distinguish allegation from finding, and account for all parties. The latest report does not meet that bar. It relitigates a Member State’s establishment, presents contested allegations as settled findings, and gives little weight to the conduct of Hamas, including 7 October. No other mandate is open-ended in time, unlimited in scope, and without sunset. On the Special Rapporteur, Resolution 5/2 binds every mandate holder to impartiality and restraint. A pattern of public commentary has, in our assessment, moved outside that code. Fiji calls on the Council to review both mandates against standards applied to every other special procedure. Our commitment to civilians on all sides, humanitarian access, and a two-state outcome is unchanged. And it is because we hold that commitment that we insist the Council’s instruments be credible.

I thank you.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Fiji. I invite the Permanent Representative of Malaysia to take the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Malaysia thanks Ms. Albanez for her compelling report and reaffirms our unequivocal support for her mandate and her tireless efforts to expose grave violations against the Palestinian people. Chair, due to time constraints, our full statement will be made available on the UN journal. Chair, Malaysia unequivocally condemns the targeting of journalists and demands an end to Israel's continued violations. The evidence of these atrocities must be protected, perpetrators must be held accountable, and the Palestinian people's right to self-determination must be fully realized. My question to Madam Special Rapporteur: What concrete measures should Member States prioritize to protect Palestinian journalists, preserve evidence of international crimes, and prevent the manipulation of information from perpetuating impunity? Thank you.

Thank you, Malaysia. I pass the floor to the Permanent Representative of Italy, to be followed by Uganda, the United States, Argentina, Nicaragua, and Bulgaria. Permanent Representative of Italy.

Thank you, Mr. President. While reaffirming full support to the mandate of all UN Special Rapporteurs and special procedures, Italy takes this opportunity to recall that the independence and credibility of the mandates are best served by the consistent respect and application of the Code of Conduct for Special Procedures mandate holders of the Human Rights Council.

Thank you.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Italy. I pass the floor to Uganda, to be followed by the United States. Uganda, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. It's an honor for the Republic of Uganda to take the floor on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. During the 19th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement held in January 2024 in Kampala, Republic of Uganda, the heads of state of government condemned Israel's continuing military occupation of Palestinian territory in breach of international law and UN resolutions, and the continuing brutal Israeli military campaign against the defenseless Palestinian people, particularly in the Gaza Strip, by which the occupying power has continued to commit grave human rights violations and reported war crimes and crimes against humanity. NAM condemns in the strongest terms all of these illegal practices and forms of violence, particularly Israeli military attacks and Israel's collective punishment against the Palestinian people as a grave breach of international law, including humanitarian law, human rights law, the killing and injury of more than 244,600 Palestinian civilians in Gaza, the majority of whom are children and women.

As well as the medical personnel.

Humanitarian workers, and journalists, is an indictment to the mandate of the UN Security Council. In addition, the movement reiterates its call for the unimpeded humanitarian access, including by UNRWA and other United Nations agencies, and for the safe and effective distribution of sufficient humanitarian assistance throughout the Gaza Strip for all Palestinian civilians who need it, including for their urgent medical needs, in full respect for the principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence. The movement also rejects Israel's attacks on UNRWA facilities and all its illegal measures against the agency in violation of its charter obligations, the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, relevant resolutions, and the ICJ advisory opinions of 22nd October 2025 and 19th July 2024. The NAM reaffirms its strong support for the UN mandate of the UNRWA and calls for.

Thank you, Uganda. I pass to the United States, to be followed by Argentina. United States, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. The United Nations was founded on the idea that the peoples who had slaughtered one another over ancient hatreds and modern evils would exchange war for diplomacy. Sadly, today, the UN is fueling the very hatred it was created to extinguish. It harbors a moral fugitive whom even the most illiberal institutions refuse to shelter, a liar and a lunatic who spews hatred for America, the West, Jews, and Israel, all while atomizing the very meaning of human rights. It allows a charlatan to soil the UN uniform, even as she stokes the very conflicts this body was created to end, and even as her words are found in terrorists' chants. Colleagues, I've heard you in dozens of private conversations. She and her ilk are institutional poison, good for no one, and doing grave damage to the mission and reputation of the UN. While brave UN personnel risk their lives in remote locations, feeding the starving, protecting the innocent, and keeping the peace, the poison she peddles tarnishes their righteous work.

I know it.

You all know it. You've told me you know it. All that remains is to do something about it. Start by saying publicly what you say to me privately. that the UN should not be a nursery for evil, that its brand has been soiled long enough, that Albanese must go.

Thank you, United States. I pass to Argentina, to be followed by Nicaragua. Argentina, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. The Republic of Argentina reaffirms its commitment to the protection of the civilian population with respect for international humanitarian law and the search for lasting peace in the Middle East. which can only be, which cannot be achieved if we ignore the actions of terrorist organizations such as Hamas, and if we ignore the right to legitimate self-defense on the part of Israel. The Special Rapporteur has indicated that it has been impossible to access territory to prepare her report in which she denounces a number of grave acts, and the objectivity is questioned. questionable. The report overlooks the military use of civilian infrastructure, such as schools, by Hamas and other terrorist groups. In accordance with IHL, civilian facilities can turn into military objectives. So how does the Special Rapporteur determine in each case that the installations and facilities remain purely civilians? The death of journalists during military actions is a grave crime, but it requires rigorous investigations. There is no standalone crime of this nature under international law.

Argentina, the speaker has been cut off.

Thank you, Argentina. Nicaragua, to be followed by Bulgaria. Nicaragua, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. Nicaragua reaffirms its commitment, unwavering commitment to the principles of dignity, justice, sovereignty, and defending peoples that fight for their freedom and self-determination. We thank the Special Rapporteur for her efforts and express our firm support for her dignified and brave work in the face of the occupying power Israel and in light of the severe humanitarian situation in Gaza. It is urgent to put an end to the occupation and end the aggressions against the Palestinian people and ensure full respect for international law, human rights, and the UN Charter. Nicaragua rewrites its solidarity with the just Palestinian cause and its support for the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to freedom and self-determination. nation, including the establishment of a sovereign and independent Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Nicaragua, Bulgaria, to be followed by Bahrain. Bulgaria, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We take note of the Special Rapporteur’s report. Bulgaria supports the special procedures of the Human Rights Council. At the same time, it is essential that special rapporteurs be guided in their work by the code of conduct for special procedure mandate holders of the Human Rights Council and uphold the principles of independence, impartiality, objectivity, balance, and non-selectivity. Their work should be based on verifiable facts and contribute to eliminating double standards and politicization in the consideration of human rights issues. All forms of discrimination, including anti-Semitism, as well as hate speech, must be firmly opposed so as to not undermine the confidence in special procedures. Thank you.

Thank you, Bulgaria. Bahrain to be followed by Bangladesh. Bahrain, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. I make this statement on behalf of the States Members of the Gulf Cooperation Council. I thank Ms. Arbanais for her report. and her effort to document violations against the Palestinian people. We stress that the question of Palestine is central, and we support the legitimate rights, namely the establishment of the independent and geographically continuous state with East Jerusalem as its capital, based on the resolutions of international legitimacy and our Arab initiative. And we call for an end of these violations and the protection of civilian objects and humanitarian affairs and respect of IHL, and to provide international protection to the Palestinian people. There needs to be full commitment to the ceasefire in Gaza, which was reached due to the diplomatic efforts of Qatar, Egypt, and the US, and Turkey. Security Council Resolution 2803 needs to be fully implemented. Humanitarian assistance needs to be provided without hindrance. And we stress the Board of Peace effort, and we support the Saudi-French initiative on the two-state solution, and we need to have intensified international efforts for support for the full membership of Palestine in this organization, and we stand against the displacement of the Palestinian people.

No The microphone has been cut off.

Thank you. Bahrain, for Gulf Cooperation Council, Bangladesh, followed by Czechia. Bangladesh, you have the floor.

Bangladesh thanks the Special Rapporteur for her insightful presentation and support her mandate. We express deep concern about the report's findings on the killing and targeting of Palestinian journalists, restrictions on media access, and the destruction of media and telecommunications infrastructure. Reports of arbitrary detention, intimidation, torture, and attacks affecting journalists' families are equally alarming. Journalists play a vital role in documenting human rights violations and preserving evidence for justice and accountability. Attacks against them not only undermine freedom of expression and access to information, but also destroy the truth and create obstacles to documenting the humanitarian and human rights situation on the ground. We call for the protection of civilians, unhindered humanitarian access, and the establishment of an independent, sovereign, and economically viable state of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders with East Jerusalem at its capital. Madam Special Rapporteur, what immediate measures would you suggest to be taken by the international community to strengthen accountability for attacks against media workers? Thank you, madam.

Thank you, Bangladesh. Czechia, followed by Russian Federation. Czechia, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We take note of the Special Rapporteur’s report. Journalists and media workers must be protected in accordance with international law. We would, however, like to highlight a few additional points. In particular, we wish to underline the importance of impartiality, accuracy, and due consideration of the historical context in the Special Rapporteur’s work. We also believe that the report does not adequately address Hamas' terrorist activities. We further note that the disproportionate scrutiny directed at Israel, compared with other situations of concern, risks undermining the credibility and perceived impartiality of the Special Rapporteur. We underline the importance of balanced and objective reporting throughout the UN human rights system, as this is essential to preserving its credibility and integrity. I'm sorry. Thank you.

Thank you, Chekia. I pass to the Russian Federation, followed by Egypt. Russian Federation, you have the floor.

Chair, we agree that solutions to all of these problems should be sought through the strict observance of international legal obligations. This includes compliance with the provisions of international humanitarian law concerning the protection of civilians, including journalists, as well as international human rights law, in particular Article 4 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. At the same time, it must be recognized that the issues that have been raised, including the tragic deaths of journalists as well as information confrontation, are merely symptoms. It is the underlying disease that must be treated. We are convinced that only the establishment of an independent Palestinian state coexisting in peace and security alongside Israel can bring long-awaited stability and put a definitive end to the bloodshed. Thank you.

Thank you, Russian Federation, Egypt, followed by Romania. Egypt, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair, and I thank the Special Rapporteur for her report.

Egypt condemns Israel's continued violations against the Palestinian people, including the killing and the injury of civilians and.

Journalists, forced displacement, settlement expansion, settler terrorism, the destruction of civilian infrastructure, and restrictions on humanitarian access and UN entities, as well as racist rhetoric by extremist Israeli officials. We stress that Israel has no sovereignty over occupied East Jerusalem or its holy sites, and reject any measures.

Aimed at altering their historical and legal status quo. Mr. Chair, attempts to impose a fait accompli will not bring stability to the region. There can be no path to peace without ending the Israeli occupation and the.

Implementation of the two-state solution through the establishment of a Palestinian independent state on the lines of 4 June 1967, with East Jerusalem as its capital.

Thank you.

Thank you, Egypt. I pass to Romania, then China, then Ireland. Romania, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We underline the importance that mandate holders discharge their responsibilities independently, impartially, objectively, and in full accordance with applicable legal frameworks and established MACE standards. Such exercise requires the highest levels of professionalism, methodological rigor, accuracy, and strict adherence to rules of procedure and codes of conduct. The report needs sampling criteria and the selection of sources, needs to address concerns about the representatives as evidence, must distinguish between editorial bias and alleged complicity to international crime. must better give consideration to the information practices of key actors such as Hamas, must account for competing evidence and legitimate security considerations, must refer to specific timeframes. These are key requirements that need to be met in order for any reporting component of the human rights framework to maintain credibility and authority. And since we are assessing a report about the informational space, I would like to highlight that we recently hosted an international conference marking the fact that 10 years ago, during the Romanian presidency of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, a working definition of anti-Semitism was adopted, providing a valid international instrument for preventing and combating intolerance and discrimination. During these times where denial and distortion of the Holocaust, antisemitism, or genocide are used to create confusion and promote political interest, primarily to the exploitation of informational space, the issue of antisemitism, as well as Holocaust distortion and denial, are top priorities for my country. Thank you.

Thank you, Romania. Just for all delegations' awareness, we have China, Ireland, Islamic Republic of Iran, Cuba, Brazil, Luxembourg, and finally, Algeria. China, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair. Madam Special Rapporteur has defied tremendous political pressure to speak out for justice and for the legitimate rights of Palestinian people. China commends her for that. One full year has passed since the Gaza ceasefire agreement was reached, yet lasting ceasefire, humanitarian assistance at scale, and post-war recovery reconstruction remain elusive. The unprecedented civilian casualties and humanitarian catastrophe continue to weigh on the conscience of humanity. The parties concerned should implement the ceasefire agreement in good faith and in full to ensure restoration of security and stability in Gaza. The occupying power should earnestly fulfill its obligations under IHL, take concrete measures to curb settler violence, ensure access for large-scale humanitarian supplies and necessary equipment, and respect and protect human rights of Palestinian people. The two-state solution is the only viable path widely recognized by the international community to resolve the Palestinian question. international community should fully respect the will of the Palestinian people, uphold the principle of Palestinians governing Palestine and advancing Gaza’s post-war reconstruction, return to the right track, realize the independent state of Palestine at an early date, end the suffering of the Palestinian people, and promote the return of stability to the region and peace and tranquility to the people. I thank you.

Thank you, China. Ireland, you have the floor, followed by Islamic Republic of Iran.

Ireland thanks the Special Rapporteur for her report. We recall our support for special procedures and the importance of their work. We condemn reprisals against all those who work with and for the United Nations. Media freedom and the safety of journalists must be protected, including in armed conflict. Ireland unequivocally condemns the killing of journalists and media personnel, who must be protected under international humanitarian law. Journalists must never be targeted for carrying out their professional duties. The extremely high number of Palestinian journalists and media workers killed in Gaza by Israel is appalling, and the total numbers may be even higher than currently known. We urge Israel to respect international law and to facilitate immediate access for international journalists to enter and operate in Gaza. Ireland is active in many fora to advocate for media freedom in Palestine, including through our membership of the Media Freedom Coalition and the UN Group of Friends for the Protection of Journalists. We will continue to follow this issue. Special Rapporteur, what steps can States take to better protect journalists in conflict settings and to ensure accountability for violations of international law as documented in your report? Thank you.

Thank you, Ireland. Islamic Republic of Iran, followed by Cuba. Iran.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. The Islamic Republic of Iran strongly supports the mandate and the work of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the occupied Palestinian territories. The latest report once again lays bare, with clarity and rigor, the systematic, widespread, and deliberate nature of the violations committed by the occupying Zionists against the Palestinian people. The Islamic Republic of Iran reaffirms its unwavering and principled support for the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, including the right to self-determination, the right of return, and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state with Al-Quds al-Sharif as its capital. We strongly condemn the policies, practices and horrific crimes of the Zionist regime. They constitute flagrant violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law and must be brought to an immediate end. We strongly condemn the unacceptable personal attacks, intimidation, defamation, and political pressure against the Special Rapporteur. Such attacks are a deliberate attempt to silence documentation of the horrific crimes and to shield the occupying Zionists from accountability. The root causes of the denial of human rights in the occupied Palestinian territories remains the occupation itself. We also reject the unsubstantiated allegations made by the Israeli regime against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Only the complete and unconditional termination of the occupation and the full realization of the Palestinian people's right to self-determination will create the.

Conditions for a just and lasting peace.

Thank you, Iran. I pass to Cuba, then Brazil. Cuba, you have the floor.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. Cuba condemns in the strongest possible terms the murders of civilians, especially women, children, and humanitarian workers from the UN system. The discriminatory acts on the population of Gaza and West Bank, the growing violence of Israeli settlers, the destruction of housing and hospitals and civil infrastructure, and the disruption of fuel, energy, and water policies are violations of human rights, including the right to life. Nobody should argue that Israel should carry on acting with impunity against Palestine. The Palestinian territory and the occupied territories for 35 years have been the scene of a terrible genocide. We think that the Special Rapporteur has been under terrible pressure to denounce what has been happening. Cuba thinks that this is a high price to defend this just cause. Cuba expresses solidarity with the Cuban people and says that its stance will never change. Thank you.

Thank you, Cuba. Brazil, then Luxembourg, and finally Algeria. Brazil, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. As President Lula said in his address at the opening of the UN General Assembly, Special Rapporteur Avenis cannot be silenced for telling the truth. Brazil is deeply concerned with the figures presented in the report. Since October 2023, Israeli forces have killed nearly 300 journalists and wounded more than 400. In this context of general impunity, we urge Israel to conduct verifiable, independent, and impartial investigations in order to bring the perpetrators of these crimes to justice. The attacks and restrictions against the media are also a fundamental attack on the right to freedom of expression. The report also shows how the Israeli government acts to disseminate hate speech and genocidal incitement through social media in the digital space, following discrimination against Palestinians. It is concerning to note the double standards applied by social media platforms. which have suppressed Palestinian voices while failing to apply their own content policies to hate speech, dehumanizing rhetoric, and incitement to violence against Palestinians, as well as information campaigns by senior Israeli officials and media figures. This is further evidence of how digital platforms distort freedom of expression and reinforces the need for regulation to ensure that companies fully respect human rights. I thank you.

Thank you, Brazil. Luxembourg, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, Madam Special Rapporteur, we thank you for your report and we reaffirm our support for your mandate. Luxembourg is deeply concerned by the attacks on journalists in Palestine. Gaza has become one of the most dangerous places in the world to carry out that profession. Killed, wounded, killing, wounding or arresting journalists are preventing them from working freely is a violation of international humanitarian law. We think that humanitarian workers, journalists, and health personnel must be protected in all circumstances. And we also condemn attacks on UN agencies, in particular UNRWA. Lastly, we condemn violence by Israeli settlers in the West Bank and in East Jerusalem. That compromises the two-state solution. We call upon Israel to comply with the advisory opinions of 19 July 2024 and 22 October 2025, handed down by the International Court of Justice. Madame Special Rapporteur, what mechanism for accountability should be enhanced in order to fight effectively against impunity for the attacks on journalists? Thank you very much.

Thank you, Luxembourg. And our final delegation speaking for the floor is Algeria. You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We thank the Special Rapporteur for her briefing and valuable report. We pay tribute to the civilians and humanitarian personnel assassinated in Palestine, as well as journalists killed by the occupying power while reporting on the ground in Gaza. Their protection is essential to ensuring that the reality continues to be documented. The humanitarian situation in Gaza remains deeply alarming, with civilians enduring immense suffering amid the destruction of homes and civilian infrastructure. The protection of civilians, including women, children, and older persons, as well as safe, rapid, and unhindered humanitarian access to Gaza, must remain an immediate priority. In the West Bank, the expansion of settlements and escalating settler violence remain a serious concern. We condemn the settlements, which are illegal under international law, as a form of by the ICG's advisory opinion of July 2024. Algeria calls for concrete action to ensure accountability and respect for international law. We reaffirm our unwavering support for the Palestinian people's inalienable right to self-determination and to an independent and sovereign state with Al-Quds al-Sharif as its capital. I thank you.

Thank you, Algeria. That brings us to the end of all those delegations seeking to intervene from the floor. And I now pass the floor back to the Special Rapporteur for final comments or remarks. Ms. Al-Banizi, the floor is yours.

Address the entertaining remarks of Israel and United States. To the Israeli Ambassador, You're so good at writing letters of repentance, so perhaps you should write one for your prime minister, who's wanted by the ICC for war crimes and crimes against humanity, and should, in fact, apologize to the Palestinians, to his own people, the Israeli people, and the world for the havoc it's bringing upon all of us. To the United States, The ambassador called me a lunatic. I take it very seriously, given the experience of the country with lunacy. And let's move to serious things now. I thank very much the member states who expressed their support for my mandate. Indeed, I faced enormous pressure, me and my family. unnecessary. I should be protected by member states. If there is any concern with my work, the venue to address it is the Human Rights Council. And coming here accusing me of violating the code of conduct is disingenuous. I also think that, i mean, I hear this generic comment of referring to the code of conduct and impartiality and objectivity, it would be so very useful if you provided some concrete example, because what I can tell you is that there is such an asymmetry of power between the Palestinians and Israel. There is such an asymmetry of harm that has been done over 80 years. And in the last three years alone, Israel has lost 36 children. Palestinians in Gaza alone have lost 21,000 children. What kind of impartiality are you recalling? What shall I say other than, as you seem to infer, I should push for a false equivalence, pretending that Israelis and Palestinians are really parties. They are not parties. One is the occupier, the unlawful occupier, and the other is the occupied. One is the colonizer, and the other is the colonized. And let me say something. Sorry, I wrote some final remarks that I wanted to go back to. Yes, I have a quote for the Israeli ambassador. "Zionist colonization must either stop or else proceed regardless of the native population, which means that it can proceed and develop only under the protection of a power that is independent of the native population." I think he was talking about the Palestinian. "Behind an iron wall, which the native population cannot breach." This is not from Commissioner Sidoti. This is from Zev Jabotinsky, one of the founding fathers of Israel, many founding fathers of Israel, in fact, were talking about colonization. So someone who needs to refresh his history knowledge is probably the Israeli ambassador. And now, let me go to the questions that were raised by Malaysia, Bangladesh, Ireland, and others concerning what immediate measures can be taken. Concerning journalists, it's absolutely essential that a mechanism is devised to consolidate and preserve evidence of crimes against Palestinians, including journalists. Member States should consider investigating and prosecuting attacks against Palestinian journalists and cooperate with the ICC. Protect journalists reporting footage and archives as evidence for future proceedings, knowing that under pressure, many of these accounts are being deleted, and also online platforms are deleting the accounts of the journalists killed by the Israeli army. It's important to review the public support for media and platforms that are helping. conceal atrocity crimes. And I'm really surprised that no one, no one among the member states who commented noted the fact that many media are playing as the house organs of Israel. They are doing that probably unwillingly, just out of habit, just out of convenience, because yes, it's heavy to be accused of supporting terrorism and or supporting and spreading antisemitism, or just out of racism. But this is the reality. The media that many of you read has been part and parcel of concealing atrocity crimes, and this must stop. And also, it's absolutely necessary that there is a serious push for the entry of international journalists in Gaza. This is absolutely necessary. It's very important to keep an eye on digital platforms. Perhaps learning from its past failures, including those highlighted by the UN fact-finding mission on Myanmar, Meta could remind itself not to be a, quote, "useful instrument for those seeking to spread hate End of quote. Also, it's very important, as I said for the media before, that content documenting potential international crimes is preserved and made available with appropriate safeguards to accountability mechanisms. Argentina asked me about, seemed to ask me about my access to the information, considering the fact that they cannot access the occupied Palestinian territory. I received 89 written submissions to my call for inputs. All of them have been have been studied and also verified with, I mean, the information that I found valuable and of relevance was verified with other sources and experts. I have relied on primary and public sources, and whatever I've written in this report, I shared, I shared with the State of Israel, who didn't make comment as usual. So I don't think that there is any factual inaccuracy. Concerning the second point, which is quite disturbing, how do I know that there are no, that journalists and media premises are in fact preserving their civilian status? As I said, journalists in armed conflict are civilians, so they are protected unless they directly participate in hostilities. Direct participation doesn't mean disseminating information that can be deemed annoying or inconvenient to one, and even propaganda, disseminating propaganda doesn't make a journalist a target. I mean, otherwise, many Israeli journalists would become targets themselves. No, even if they share propaganda, they're still protected because they are journalists. And the civilian status is always to be presumed. So, all the more, there is evidence that Israel has targeted journalists, including by anticipating to them over the phone that they would be killed unless they stopped reporting. Last point I wanted to make is that It's when member states recognize the illegality of the, when member states recognize the legality of the occupation, they cannot ask Israel to protect Palestinians as a consequence. They need to remind what, remind themselves of what the International Court of Justice has said. the occupation is unlawful and must be dismantled totally and unconditionally. Therefore, the only legal option that Israel has in the occupied Palestinian territory is to leave, to withdraw the troops, to dismantle the colonies, to stop exploiting Palestinian natural resources, and to allow Palestinians who have been forcibly displaced to return. This is a violation. Israel's continuous occupation, Israel's continuous annexation, is an attack on the UN Charter itself, which prohibits the acquisition of territory by by force, which prohibits annexation, which prohibits aggression. So there is no more time to continue to remind Israel of its responsibilities as an occupying power. Israel is an illegitimate occupying power, which is today accused before two international tribunals of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. Therefore, Israel must withdraw once and for all. And until then, member states are obliged not to aid and assist the unlawful occupation in any possible means and way: commercial, financial, and last but not least, military. So, Member States who continue to provide military support, financial support, commercial support, and ideological shielding might one day be held accountable for complicity.

Special Rapporteur, thank you. That concludes this segment of our consideration this afternoon, and we now move to the consideration of the work of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua, and I welcome the Chair, Mr. Jean-Michel Simon. You are very, very welcome. And we will follow the usual practice, which is if delegations wishing to speak in response to Mr. Simon's remarks should press the microphone now or within the next three minutes. The number of speakers indicating a desire to speak will determine how long each intervention should take. But now, I wonder, colleagues, could I ask people to leave the room reasonably quietly, please? I would now invite Mr. Simon to begin his remarks. You have the floor.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, one year ago, we informed this committee that Nicaragua was experiencing one of the most severe human rights crises in Latin America and the Caribbean. Since then, the situation has deteriorated further. The violent response to the 2018 protests has evolved into a system of total control. The objective is to eliminate all real or perceived opposition and ensure the permanent concentration of power. The violations we document are neither isolated nor accidental. They form part of a state policy, and we have reconstructed the responsible chains of command. Six months ago, we presented our latest report to the Human Rights Council. Last month, we reported on the growing use of enforced disappearances. Today, we reaffirm our conclusions. We continue to document arbitrary detention, enforced disappearance, torture and ill-treatment, persecution on political grounds, and other serious human rights violations. We continue to find reasonable grounds to believe that crimes against humanity have been and continue to be committed in Nicaragua. Fear has become an instrument of governance. Victims are deliberately deprived of the protection of the law. Families are denied information about the fate and whereabouts of their loved ones. The death in custody of Miskito leader Brooklyn Rivera Bryan five months ago illustrates the human consequences of this policy. His death was a direct, foreseeable, and preventable consequence of arbitrary detention and enforced disappearance. Excellencies, the repression extends beyond Nicaragua's borders. We continue to document surveillance, intimidation, threats, attacks against Nicaraguans living abroad. Relatives who remain in Nicaragua are often targeted because only of their family ties. Hundreds have been turned into stateless exiles by state decree, and many more who fled the country have been rendered de facto stateless. All this increases vulnerability and deepens social exclusion. It tends to bar a significant part of the population from the present and future life of Nicaragua. In a document published in June, we also found that the state used gender-based discrimination as a tool of political control. Women human rights defenders, journalists, community leaders, and political activists have been subjected to gender-specific forms of repression. Organizations supporting women's rights and gender equality have been dismantled. Exile, denationalization, and family separation have generated lasting consequences for women, children, and older persons. Excellencies, the concentration of power has reached an unprecedented level. Constitutional, legislative, and institutional change have placed all major state functions under the effective control of the co-presidents. The rule of law has been replaced by a system of personalized rule without any separation of power. The judiciary functions as an instrument of executive authority. There are no effective domestic avenues for protection, redress, or justice. Under present conditions, accountability for serious human rights violations within Nicaragua is effectively impossible. In our 2026 report, we also examined the connection between the diversion of public funds, their concealment, and serious human rights violation. The evidence shows that corruption functions as a tool for financing repression. These findings underscore the importance of independent scrutiny and accountability. Yet the government continues to refuse cooperation with us. It remains unwilling to submit its actions to independent scrutiny. we have not been granted access to the country. And despite that, the body of evidence continues to grow. Excellencies, recent developments in the political arena further confirm the course that Nicaragua has been pursuing for some time now. In July, Daniel Ortega publicly declared that political opponents would be prevented from attaining power through elections. In September, constitutional and electoral reforms were adopted in a first legislative vote to give legal effect to that declaration. These reforms are the latest step in a long process of democratic dismantling where elections serve to ensure that power remains where it is. If fully enacted, these measures would all but foreclose the possibility of a genuinely democratic process to improve the human rights situation in the country. The implications extend beyond Nicaragua, with a negative impact on countries in the region. The decision taken four weeks ago at the Organization of American States meeting of consultation of ministers of foreign affairs to maintain continued collective consideration of Nicaragua reflects this regional dimension, despite Nicaragua's withdrawal from the organization. Excellencies, Nicaragua's withdrawal from many other organizations and bodies further limits scrutiny and protections for victims. In these circumstances, international and regional accountability mechanisms remain indispensable. These include the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court where appropriate. States should also consider, wherever possible, exercising universal jurisdiction. The measures here required are clear. All enforced disappearances must immediately end. The fate and whereabouts of all disappeared persons must be disclosed. All persons detained on political grounds must be released immediately and unconditionally. Repression must cease. Fundamental freedoms must be fully restored. Mr. Chair, for over four years now, we have been documenting patterns of violations that are widespread, systematic, and sustained. We have documented not only attacks against individuals, we have documented the systematic destruction of institutions that protect rights, restrain power, and sustain democracy. The people of Nicaragua deserve more than survival. They deserve freedom. They deserve justice. They deserve a state governed by law rather than by fear. We will continue to fulfill our mandate independently, impartially, and rigorously. The international community should not permit the situation in Nicaragua to become normalized. Without accountability, the cycle of violations will continue. The people of Nicaragua deserve a future in democracy founded on truth, justice, reparation, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Thank you.

I thank the Chair of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua. I will now open the floor for questions or comments to Mr. Simon. As per past practice, I would ask the delegations to limit their comments to 1.5 minutes. I thank you for your kind cooperation. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nicaragua, who has seven minutes.

You have the floor.

Thank you, Madam Chair. The Government of National Reconciliation and Unity of the Republic of Nicaragua reiterates that our country has withdrawn by the sovereign and irrevocable decision from the manipulated, obsolete, and interfering Human Rights Council of the United Nations, whose politicization has undermined the principles that it was supposed to defend. The program denounces the perverse weaponization of human rights, which have been made by imperialist and neo-colonialist powers into weapons of political aggression, blackmail and domination against free and sovereign peoples who uphold their independence and self-determination. We reject the use of this third committee to promote campaigns of political hostility through selective mechanisms that aim to impose interventionist agendas that violate the Charter of the United Nations and the principle of the sovereign equality of states. Madam Chair, in a context of the clear financial crisis that the United Nations says that it's going through, it is unacceptable that its resources are still being channeled into keeping this loathsome and misnamed group of experts and human rights only wriggler alive. It's well known that this is a meddling mechanism promoted by Western countries and some docile countries who supported their interests and their imperialist colonies, new colonies, geopolitical agendas to justify aggression against our nation. The behavior of these people under the cover of supposed independent experts is incompatible with the principles of respect, objectivity, and impartiality that should guide their work. in the name of the United Nations. Behind a biased and selective narrative of concern for human rights in Nakai Gwa, there's a deliberate omission of the adverse impact that UCMs have. They violated national law and the charter of the organization, and they are direct economic and financial attacks on our people. Very much to the contrary, this misnamed mechanism is contributing to the imposition of more attacks on our people. Madam Chair, the repetition of accusations and media campaigns can never replace the historic truth of our people. The government is continuing to work for the well-being of Nicaraguan families by promoting programs in health, education, housing, drinking water, energy, infrastructure, and the security of citizens. Human rights in Nicaragua are expressed in hospitals, schools, universities, roads, social interactive programs. and in the opportunities that we are continuing to build for women, young people, children, our indigenous peoples and Afro-descended peoples, and all Nicaraguan families. This is the Nicaragua that we uphold: a nation of peace, work, and dignity, committed to the restitution of rights, the fight against poverty, and the construction of a future of prosperity and development for all families. Our people has won the right to live in peace, harmony, and stability, and it will never allow interfering, imperialist and neo-colonialist agendas to try and ****** from us that peace that has cost us so much to build and uphold. Madam Chair, it's concerning to see the hypocrisy of some countries in trying to justify these falsehoods and the illegal UCMs that they are imposing on our free sovereign nations. The whole world has also witnessed these racist policies, their anti-immigrant policies. this classist phobia that's a remnant of the genocide that was committed against our indigenous peoples. These discourses on human rights crumble when we look at the real situation over there, where we see a profound and worrying contradiction. We don't accept lessons from those who pretend to set themselves up as judges and executioners who lack moral and political authority. Our Nicaragua, blessed and always free, speaks with the dignity of a country that continues to defend firmly its sovereignty, independence, and self-determination. We recognize the progress that the Nicaraguan people has made through peace, determination and bravery. These are the values that people who are unaware of the Nicaraguan situation and the feeling of our families, our working families, will never understand. They will never understand what it means to live with dignity, freedom and sovereignty. We demand respect for the right of people to decide on their destiny freely in the Charter of the United Nations, the sovereign equality of states. in the face of practices of coercion, domination, and blackmail. Nicaragua will continue advancing towards progress, prosperity, social justice, and development in peace and sovereignty, open to international cooperation that is genuine, based on mutual respect and non-interference. Once more, and as many times as it is necessary, we will continue defending our Nicaragua against these disinformation campaigns and these smear campaigns, reaffirming our unshakable commitment to the protection and promotion of all the human rights of our people. Thank you very much.

I thank the representative of Nicaragua. I'll give the floor next to the representative of Costa Rica, to be followed by Belarus, Cuba, and Chile. Costa Rica, you have the floor.

Mi país.

My country expresses its deep concern over the deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua, particularly arbitrary detentions and forced disappearances, political persecution, and the systematic closure of civic space, as well as the expansion of grounds for loss of nationality, including for dual citizenship, which generates risks of statelessness. We reiterate our call to restore the people's rights and guarantee free and plural elections. As a neighboring country, we have welcomed thousands of Nicaraguans who seek protection on our territory. We know firsthand the human and migration-related consequences of this crisis, as well as its implications for our security. In this regard, we reiterate our concern about illegal mining in our northern areas and its links to transnational organized crime. Despite this, Costa Rica calls on the international community not to turn its back on the Nicaraguan people, to support them with solidarity, and to keep alive the hope of a future of peace and dignity. May God bless this noble, brotherly people. Thank you.

Representative of Costa Rica. I'll give the floor next to the representative of Belarus.

Chair, dear colleagues, we regret to note the biased approach used in the report of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua. The document that has been presented is devoted exclusively to criticism of the Nicaraguan authorities, but deliberately ignores the confirmed negative impact of externally imposed UCMs on the enjoyment of human rights by the citizens in Nicaragua. Moreover, we decisively condemned the recommendation to expand sanctions contained in the report. Such approaches have nothing to do with the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity upon which the entire human rights system is founded. We categorically object to the instrumentalization of human rights for the purpose of justifying interference in the internal affairs of sovereign states. At a time of liquidity constraints, when we are merging the mandates of special rapporteurs covering entire areas, spending millions of US dollars to maintain numerous mechanisms of this kind should be seen as unacceptable. In this regard, Belarus reaffirms its position of principle, rejecting country-specific approaches in the work of the UN, and recalls that the primary mechanism for considering human rights in all countries without exception is the Universal Periodic Review in the Human Rights Council, which makes it possible to objectively assess progress achieved in this area. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you, Belarus. I pass the floor to Cuba, to be followed by Chile. Cuba, you have the floor.

Thank you very much, Chair. I speak on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the UN Charter. The Group of Friends in Defense of the UN Charter believes that the presentation of country-specific resolutions without the consent of the country affected not only contravenes the principles of objectivity, impartiality, non-selectivity, transparency, non-politicization, and non-confrontation, but it also undermines the spirit of the UN Charter. And among other things, it undermines the development of friendly relations between states and achieving progress in human rights. We are facing politicized instruments that have nothing to do with human rights. Therefore, we express our firm rejection in principle of all double standards that undermine the spirit of promoting and protecting human rights while they also prevent the creation of a harmonious environment to enable progress in this area. Cooperation is the only way forward. We must ensure that the principles and purposes of our Charter are not violated. To conclude, as we call for the end of politicization of human rights, we believe that the best and only way to strengthen and ensure the full and effective implementation of the human rights pillar of our organization is by strengthening multilateralism, inclusive dialogue, and cooperation.

Thank you, Cuba. I pass the floor to Chile, followed by Georgia, then Poland and Russian Federation. Chile, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Chile welcomes the presentation of the President of the Group of Experts on Human Rights in Nicaragua and recognizes the importance of its work. It's concerned by the presence and the serious deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua, the concentration of power, and the lack of counterweights with direct consequences for the rule of law and democratic pluralism. It's alarming to see that there are restrictions on fundamental freedoms, arbitrary detentions, forced disappearances, and torture. We also see concern about the transnational nature of this repression, which takes people and their families through harassment, confiscation, and denial of nationality, and there's no international protection. Chile thinks that it's essential to reinforce cooperation among states to prevent these practices. So we'd like to ask: how can these states contribute to prevent this from happening, from preventing people from being put at risk? Thank you.

Thank you, Chile. I pass the floor now to Georgia, followed by Poland. Georgia, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

We thank the Group of Experts for its comprehensive report.

At the outset, let me underscore that Georgia is deeply concerned about the continued deterioration of the human rights situation in Nicaragua.

We also regret that the group of experts

continues to be denied access to the country and is consequently required to carry out its work remotely. Georgia is particularly concerned over the report's findings that arbitrary detention and ill-treatment in custody, which in some cases may amount to torture, are still regular

occurrences, and two persons recently died in custody.

Equally alarming is the reported denial of adequate and timely medical

care to detainees suffering from serious, chronic, and life-threatening conditions.

Georgia reaffirms its solidarity with the people of Nicaragua in their pursuit of peace, justice, and accountability. We call on the Ortega-Moreillo regime to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of the population, ensure accountability for violations, safeguard the rights and dignity of all Nicaraguans, and to fully implement the recommendations of the UN and relevant international human rights mechanisms. Thank you.

Thank you, Georgia. I pass the floor to Poland, to be followed by Russian Federation. Poland.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Poland aligns with the EU statement to be delivered. We thank the group of human rights experts on Nicaragua for the important work and recent report. We commend the expert for ensuring that the voices of victims and their families are not silenced. Poland remains deeply concerned by the persistent erosion of the human rights situation and the rule of law in Nicaragua. The facts presented in the recent report on the situation in the country are particularly alarming. Enforced disappearances, arbitrary detention, torture, and death in custody point to a pattern of repression that demands sustained international attention. Such measures strike at the core of international human rights law and challenge fundamental values enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. We urge the authorities of Nicaragua to uphold its obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of all individuals and to end all forms of repression. We further call on Nicaragua authorities to restore civic and democratic space and to resume full cooperation with the UN-related human rights mechanisms. Mr. Chair, what additional measures would you recommend to strengthen the protection of Nicaraguan human rights defenders, journalists, and civil society, particularly those in exile, who continue to face intimidation and transnational repression? I thank you.

Thank you, Poland. Russian Federation, followed by Burundi. Russian Federation.

Chair. Russia is firmly convinced that it is unacceptable to politicize the human rights activities of the UN. The Group of Experts on Nicaragua, the legitimacy of which has been rightly questioned by many delegations, when preparing its reports, uses facts that have not been proven as well as untrustworthy sources. And the experts, as well as the Office of the High Commissioner, continue to ignore the major negative impact of UCMs on human rights. We continue to see attempts by media controlled by the West, as well as persons who try to present themselves as fighters for democracy, to destabilize the situation in the country. We are convinced that the United Nations needs to review its approach to developing its human rights activities in favor of a more careful assessment of the social, economic, cultural, and other specificities of countries. where allegedly independent experts make recommendations? Thank you.

Thank you, Russian Federation. Burundi, you have the floor.

Thank you, Chair.

Burundi delegation reiterates its commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights with respect for sovereignty and non-interference. Chair, how do you ensure that the group of experts on human rights in Nicaragua did not stray from its goals and become an instrument for political pressure? Did the human rights experts remain rooted in impartiality and non-politicization? These mechanisms ought not to be used to stigmatize or interfere in internal affairs of some states. Did you ensure that the sources are not misleading? The sources that are misleading, that are trying to demonize the sitting authorities for political motives, or be interested in securing funding, sources that disregard national realities and progress observed on the ground, do not guarantee the objectivity or impartiality of the report. I thank you, Chair.

Thank you, Burundi. I now give the floor to the Permanent Representative of Uruguay.

Thank you, Chair. Uruguay thanks the Group of Experts on Human Rights and Nicaragua for presenting its report and expresses its deep concern over the persistence of grave violations of human rights in Nicaragua, as well as the ongoing deterioration of democratic institutions and the essential guarantees for the effective protection of human rights. We reiterate the need to release detained persons, to clarify the fate of missing persons, and ensure effective investigations into these circumstances of the deaths that took place under custody. also note persistent limitations on civic and democratic space, restrictions on freedom of expression, association, and peaceful meetings, as well as persistent deprivation of nationality for political reasons, which continues to affect conditions for the effective exercise of human rights. We call for a pluralistic national dialogue with all political and social stakeholders that will allow for the restoration of democratic institutions and full respect for all human rights. And, of course, it is important we stand ready to cooperate in this regard. Finally, we urge Nicaragua to engage in constructive dialogue with the Office of the High Commissioner. cooperate with the HRC and all of its mechanisms, including this group. Thank you.

I thank the Permanent Representative of Uruguay. I call on the representative of Eritrea, followed by European Union, Canada, and Venezuela. Eritrea, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Eritrea objects to the mandate of the so-called Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua, as it was established without the consent of the concerned State. It reaffirmed that consideration of human rights issues must be guided by the foundational principles of universality, objectivity, impartiality, non-selectivity, and non-partisanship, while fully respecting sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as the political, the independent political and development paths of sovereign states. Disregarding those vital principles and proceeding without the consent of the concerned State, establishing country-specific mandates will only serve as a pretext for political pressure against sovereign States. Approaches that assess standards selectively defined by others will lead us away from genuine cooperation and from advancing the promotion and protection of human rights. We call the removal of unilateral coercive measures imposed on Nicaragua, which are adversely impacting the nation's economy and the fundamental rights of its people. We urge the international community to engage with Nicaragua through dialogue and mutual respect, fostering cooperation and understanding. I thank you, Chair.

Thank you, Eritrea. European Union, followed by Canada. European Union, you have the floor.

Chair, I have the honour to speak on behalf of the EU and its member states. We thank the group of

experts for the report and take due note of the serious, systematic, and widespread human rights violations reported, some of which could amount to crimes against humanity. The EU continues to condemn the increasing systematic repression by Nicaraguan authorities and call for the immediate and unconditional liberation of all political prisoners, the disclosure of the fate of all disappeared persons, and the full return of the rule of law. We denounce the generalized impunity and severe reprisals reported, including enforced disappearances, deaths in custody, and transnational repression. Accountability must be ensured. The EU is concerned by the recently adopted electoral reform in Nicaragua. We call on the authorities to conduct elections and ensure that they take place as initially planned, in a transparent, inclusive, and credible manner. The EU encourages dialogue between the authorities and the opposition to find a solution to the ongoing political crisis. The EU strongly calls on Nicaragua to resume cooperation with key international human rights organizations and mandates. The EU will continue to support the people of Nicaragua in their legitimate aspiration for democracy, respect for human rights,

and the rule of law.

Chair, how can States better support avenues for accountability? How can we better address and prevent transnational repression in this context?

Thank you. Thank you, European Union. I pass the floor to Canada.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Thanks as well for the report of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua. Canada remains deeply concerned by the continued deterioration of the human rights situation in Nicaragua. We're particularly concerned by the ongoing and systematic dismantling of democratic institutions, including the elimination of meaningful opportunities for political participation, the weakening of independent oversight and checks and balances, and the further shrinking of civic and political space. Canada is also concerned by reports regarding the conditions of political prisoners, particularly those held under conditions of enforced disappearance. These developments further entrench authoritarian rule and undermine the rule of law. Canada remains committed to working with international and regional partners to advance accountability, democracy, and human rights in Nicaragua. In this regard, we welcome ongoing regional efforts, including the OAS ministerial level group established following the October Foreign Ministers meeting to support coordinated regional engagement on Nicaragua. Chair, as member states consider this group's next steps, what concrete actions should be prioritized to advance accountability, protect those facing transnational repression, and support a return to democracy? respect for human rights and the rule of law in Nicaragua? Moreover, what accountability measures should states prioritize to increase pressure on those responsible for serious human rights violations and democratic backsliding in Nicaragua? Lastly, in light of the regime's increasing transnational repression, what practical measures can states take to better protect Nicaraguan human rights defenders, journalists, and dissidents?

Thank you, Canada. Venezuela, followed by Vietnam. Venezuela, you have the floor.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. The promotion and protection of all human rights require genuine commitment to a respectful dialogue, international cooperation, and full respect for sovereign equality, political independence, and non-interference in internal affairs, and the self-determination of peoples. From that position of principle, Venezuela reiterates its call to end practices that promote an approach to human rights that is based on trampling on the principles of objectivity, impartiality, transparency, and non-politicization and non-selectivity, and that only end up promoting spaces for confrontation at the same time as they weaken trust among states and they undermine the credibility of the human rights system of the United Nations, especially when they contemplate mechanisms that not have the consent of the States concerned. We therefore reaffirm the vital role of the UPR as the universal mechanism for dialogue among equals, with the direct participation of national authorities. We also recognize the contribution of the treaty bodies in the framework of their obligations of each State, and the technical assistance and capacity building in agreement with the countries concerned and in accordance with their national priorities. Thank you very much.

Thank you, Venezuela. Vietnam, followed by China. Vietnam, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Vietnam take note of the report of the group of human rights experts on Nicaragua. Vietnam reaffirm its long-standing view that human rights should be promoted and protected in accordance with the purpose and principle of the Charter of United Nations and international law, particularly the principles of respect for national sovereignty, political independence, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal affairs. We believe that each state bears the primary responsibility to promote and protect human rights, taking into account its unique history and circumstances. With regard to Nicaragua, Vietnam underscored the importance of a balanced and constructive approach grounded in impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity, with fostering dialogue, cooperation, and mutual understanding in the best interests of the Nicaraguan people. I thank you.

Thank you, Vietnam. China, followed by Niger. China, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, China has noted the report by the group of human rights experts on Nicaragua. China respects Nicaragua's sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity, respects the right of the Nicaraguan people to independently determine their own future and destiny, and support the Nicaraguan government and people in independently choosing a development path suited to their national conditions. China always opposes the politicization, instrumentalization of human rights, and interference in the internal affairs of other countries under the pretext of human rights. The U.S. imposed on Nicaragua by certain countries are manifestations of power politics and coercive diplomacy, severely hinder Nicaragua's socio-economic development, gravely undermine the well-being and rights of Nicaraguan people, and should be lifted immediately. We urge the countries concerned to cease these UCMs that violate international law and stop interfering in Nicaragua's internal affairs under guise of human rights. The Third Committee should strictly adhere to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, uphold objectivity, impartiality, non-selectivity, and non-politicization, actively engage in constructive dialogue and refrain from providing a platform for hegemony, bullying, confrontation, pressure. The international community should, with the consent of Nicaragua, do more to promote its economic development and improve its people's livelihoods, thereby genuinely advancing human rights in Nicaragua. Thank you, Chair.

Iran. Nijay, you have the floor.

The sovereign decision of Nicaragua to end its participation in the work of the HCR and its mechanisms, this decision should invite us to think about the effectiveness of the approaches based on confrontation rather than on cooperation. The Niger reaffirms its solidarity with the Nicaraguan people and government and believes that the promotion of human rights can only, must not serve as a pretext for intervening in the affairs of a sovereign State. Our delegation therefore asks for the instant lifting of restrictive measures against Nicaragua, and we would like to know how the Group of Experts can contribute to restoring a dialogue rather than differences and divergence with the State concerned. On this matter, we asked the Group of Experts to establish its reports based on the concrete facts that are with the consultation and consultation of the state, the host state, and the state concerned. Thank you very much.

Thank you, Nishar. I pass to the United Kingdom, then Islamic Republic of Iran. United Kingdom have the floor.

Thank you, Chair. We commend the Group for its continued work in documenting systemic human rights violations in Nicaragua. The report reinforces the need for sustained international scrutiny and accountability. It paints a worrying picture of a state apparatus used to silence dissent and consolidate control over public institutions and the population. The widening range of those targeted and the continued dismantling of civic space are deeply concerning. The group has found that some of these violations may amount to crimes against humanity. We are alarmed by the report's findings on the expansion of transnational repression. Persecution must not follow Nicaraguans into exile, nor should their families face reprisals at home. The group's examination of the financing of the repressive state apparatus further underlines the importance of accountability. We urge Nicaragua to end arbitrary detention and enforced disappearances, release all those arbitrarily detained, and reverse arbitrary deprivation of nationality and confiscation of property. The authorities must uphold fundamental freedoms and re-engage with UN human rights mechanisms. Chair, how can Member States best coordinate efforts to hold the Nicaraguan authorities to account and ensure justice for their victims?

Thank you, United Kingdom. Islamic Republic of Iran, followed by DPK. Iran, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. The Islamic Republic of Iran reaffirms that the promotion and protection of human rights must rest on the principles of universality, objectivity, non-selectivity, impartiality, and non-politicization, as set out in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action and relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Human Rights Council. A country-specific mandate on the situation of human rights in Nicaragua is incompatible with these principles. It reflects a selective and politicized approach, applies double standards, and is driven by political considerations rather than a genuine and balanced commitment to human rights. Such mandates interfere in the internal affairs of sovereign states, undermine constructive cooperation, and prove counterproductive. The Islamic Republic of Iran, therefore, does not support the continuation of this mandate and calls for its discontinuation. Priority should be given to dialogue, technical cooperation and capacity building undertaken with the consent of the State concerned and on the basis of mutual respect. Selective mechanisms of this nature erode trust among Member States and divert attention from the universal and cooperative framework required for the effective enjoyment of human rights.

Thank you. Iran, DPRK, followed by Algeria, then Ireland. DPRK.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

The progress in human rights can only be achieved.

Through genuine, constructive dialogue and mutual respect without external pressure and interference.

The report on Nicaragua.

Presented to this Committee reflects the ongoing tendency of manipulating human rights mechanisms.

Rather than fostering genuine dialogue and cooperation, country-specific mandates and their one-sided reports serve for the purpose of making unfair and willful assessments on human rights situations in targeted countries and interfering in their internal affairs. Each country has the inherent right to decide on its domestic issues, Establish legal and institutional framework for promoting the rights of people and maintain internal stability free from external intervention, imposing country specific monitoring mechanisms or unilateral coercion. Launching political attack on selected countries will only jeopardize the worldwide advancement of human rights and weaken the credibility of the United Nations. My delegation calls on the human rights mechanisms to move away from politicized and confrontational approach and respect sovereignty of each country and its right to choose path of development. Thank you.

Thank you, DPRK. Algeria, followed by Ireland. Algeria, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, Algeria believes that discussion on human rights should be conducted in an impartial, objective, and balanced manner, through constructive dialogue and cooperation with Member States. The promotion and protection of human rights can only be effective in an environment that fosters open dialogue, mutual respect, and cooperation. Such an approach is essential to achieving tangible results and avoiding counterproductive outcomes. Algeria maintains that country-specific mandates, such as the one related to Nicaragua, are not the most appropriate means of promoting and protecting human rights worldwide. Selectivity, double standards, and politicization undermine the universality of human rights, hinder the achievement of sustainable solutions, and deepen divisions among States. In this regard, we believe that resources would be better invested in capacity building and technical assistance in order to support States in strengthening their national capacities for the promotion and protection of human rights. We must also avoid unnecessary duplication of efforts between Geneva and New York. Finally, Mr. Chair. Algeria reiterates its conviction that the Universal Periodic Review remains the most appropriate universal mechanisms for reviewing the human rights.

Thank you, Algeria. Ireland, followed by Panama, Brazil, and finally, Sovereign Order of Malta. Ireland, you have the floor.

Ireland aligns with the EU statement and thanks the Group of Experts for their report. We are deeply concerned by the continued widespread and systematic human rights violations in Nicaragua.

We commend the group's extensive documentation of the nature of violations since 2018, and are worried by the evolving.

Forms of repression against women, LGBTIQ+ persons, as well as Nicaraguans abroad, their relatives, and associates.

Ireland is alarmed by the gendered patterns of violations described in the report.

Sexual and gender-based violence and repression is designed to stigmatize and deter women and LGBTIQ+ persons from full.

Equal, meaningful, and safe participation in political and public life. We call on the authorities to seize all state actions aimed at silencing their voices, deterring them from political participation, and to end sexual and gender-based violence against these groups. Ireland deeply regrets Nicaragua's withdrawal from several international organizations, including the Human Rights Council, and the impact this has on international oversight and accountability. We urge the authorities to re-engage with the international community, including the group of experts.

To respect, promote, and protect the rights of.

All women, LGBTIQ+ persons, and Nicaraguans abroad, and to uphold their international human rights obligations.

What steps can the international community take to?

Support women and LGBTIQ+ persons and prevent the gender dimension of political persecution in Nicaragua.

Thank you, Ireland. Panama, to be followed by Brazil. Panama.

Thank you, Mr. Chair, distinguished delegations. Panama thanks the Group of Human Rights Experts in Nicaragua for presenting its report. We take note of the findings, in particular with regard to the restrictions on fundamental freedoms. arbitrary detention, and the situation of Nicaraguans who are outside the country. Panama reiterates the importance of respect for human rights, the rule of law, and States' international obligations, and the cooperation with United Nations mechanisms in this area. We think it's important to continue paying attention to the situation of people who have had to leave their country, especially with regard to protection of their rights. We would therefore like to ask the group of experts: what concrete measures would you recommend to transit and host States to strengthen the protection of the human rights of Nicaraguans who are abroad and in a vulnerable situation? Thank you very much.

Thank you, panama. Brazil.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Brazil thanks the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua for its report. Brazil continues to follow the human rights situation in Nicaragua with concern and condemns recent statements by high-level Nicaraguan authorities regarding the possibility of not holding elections. Democratic institutions, the rule of law, and meaningful civic participation constitute fundamental basis for the promotion and protection of human rights and human dignity. The report documents 199 politically motivated arrests between April 25 and January 26. Pointing out that the Nicaraguan government has broadened its repression against perceived political opponents to consolidate power, especially through arbitrary detentions and enforced disappearances, targeting human rights defenders, feminists, journalists, students, indigenous peoples, as well as dissidents abroad. The case of Miskito leader Brooklyn Rivera Bryan following his arbitrary detention and holding in an unknown location since September 23 is emblematic of this ill-treatment of political detainees. We also know that the report highlights a gender differentiated pattern of violations by documenting sexual and gender based violence. Brazil reiterates that the prohibition of torture and any other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment must be fully respected. We call on Nicaragua to fully cooperate with multilateral and regional organizations. Brazil supports the promotion of a broad and constructive political dialogue that facilitates the participation of all national actors with full respect for the principles of non-intervention, self-determination, and.

Thank you, Brazil. And our final speaker from the floor today is the Sovereign Order of Malta.

Thank you, Chair. The reports of a deteriorating human rights situation in Nicaragua, with deprivation of basic rights and freedoms, are a matter of profound concern. The Sovereign Order of Malta, as a neutral humanitarian organization, always places great emphasis on the importance of non-governmental, religious, and other entities which perform human rights work being allowed to operate freely and safely. We must remember that the main purpose of such groups is to feed the hungry, shelter the homeless, care for the sick, and promote education and child protection. Freedom of belief is also a basic human right. Any repression of religious communities and traditions Harassment and intimidation of worshippers and prohibition of religious observances, reportedly including over 16,000 Catholic observances, represent grave violations of international law. The international community must continue to stand with those facing such deprivations of human rights, especially with the young and the most vulnerable, to ensure that they may fully enjoy the rights and freedoms that are theirs. I thank you.

I thank the Sovereign Order of Malta, and now it's my pleasure to revert to two members of the group of human rights experts on Nicaragua, Mr. Reed Brody, who is here with us, and Ms. Ariela Di Stefano. But, Mr. Brody, you have the floor first.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Several delegations have raised the question of our access to Nicaragua, while others have questioned our impartiality, even suggesting that we have been instrumentalized. Let me answer both of those directly. We would welcome the chance to visit Nicaragua. I speak for my colleagues when I say that we are ready, willing, and able to go to Nicaragua with open eyes and open minds. We've written to the government repeatedly and have never received a reply. In my own case, I know Nicaragua well. In the 1980s, I spent five months there investigating abuses against Nicaraguan civilians by the so-called Contras. The government of Nicaragua presented my report to the International Court of Justice in its historic and victorious case against the United States of America. So back then, the government did not seem to think that I was biased or a tool of imperialism. Our reporting is based on over 2,300 interviews and thousands of documents. We follow best practices. including the standard of reasonable grounds to believe for all of our findings. Several delegations have talked about unilateral coercive measures. Let me be clear about what we have recommended. We have never called for measures against Nicaragua’s economy or its people. We have called for targeted sanctions on specific individuals and institutions who whom we have reasonable grounds to believe are responsible for serious violations. We have named 56 individuals. Those individuals are the targets, not the Nicaraguan people. Mr. Chair, a state cannot end an investigation by leaving the room. The Council renewed our mandate by a large majority. Nicaragua is still bound by the treaties it ratified, including the Convention Against Torture, the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. Withdrawing from FORA does not withdraw these obligations. Several states have asked how to protect Nicaraguans in exile, and we've listed a number of things in our reports. Provide political and material support to independent NGOs, media outlets, and journalists who continue to document and forced disappearances, among other serious violations. Provide immediate and sustained protection, including emergency visas, temporary protection status, and resettlement pathways. I would like to take this opportunity to thank those countries, countries such as Costa Rica, which have provided a home to hundreds of thousands of Nicaraguans, to Spain, which has provided citizenship, the most valuable thing a state can provide, to hundreds of Nicaraguans who have been deprived of their own citizenship, including, I believe, 46 just last week. States should also rigorously review extradition requests, arrest warrants, and requests for mutual legal assistance submitted by Nicaragua, understanding that Nicaragua has often instrumentalized these procedures in order to harass and persecute Nicaraguans in exile. I give the floor to my colleague, Ariela Peralta.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Brooklyn Rivera, in un destacado nicaragüense.

Brooklyn Rivera, who's a distinguished Nicaraguan, he's a member of the National Assembly, a Miskito leader. In April 2023, he participated in the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Affairs, and in this very same building that we're in here, three years afterwards, he was died in the State's custody, he died in the State's custody. one more victim of the implacable repression of the Nicaraguan state. The case of Brooklyn is illustrative of the patterns that the group has documented before the HRC and this committee. He was prevented from leaving the country on a flight. He was told that he wouldn't be able to come back into the country. He came back in clandestinely, and he was arrested and became an enforced disappeared, and he didn't have the protection of human rights bodies. When the authorities finally revealed where he was and his state of health, Brooklyn Rivera appeared in a very bad state, and he died a few days later. Far from admitting the facts, the authorities kept up contradictory reports on the circumstances of his death. There was no independent investigation, and his family members didn't have the right to say farewell to him and to bury him in accordance with their traditional beliefs. The state arrested eight of his family members and friends who were later on, after the body was recovered, some of them are still disappeared. The case of Brooklyn goes beyond an individual tragedy. It's a serious attack on the collective rights of indigenous and African descendant people of the Caribbean coast, and it's their political participation and their right of self-determination. And these are functions which Brooklyn fought for his whole life. Unfortunately, the plight of the victims hasn't received the same international media attention We have documented the death in custody of seven people who had been deprived of their liberty for political reasons, among them Hugo Torres, a previous Sandinista military leader. We also documented 161 cases of forced disappearance that occurred between April 2018 and at least 29 people who are still disappeared and been documented by the group of experts. Many of them are older adults, but among them also there are two minors. Among the victims are religious leaders, indigenous leaders, Sandinistas, feminists, women leaders, campesina leaders, and Afro-descendant leaders, former state officials, and also members of the LGBTQI+ community. Where there's frequently this kind of detention is also accompanied by torture and other maltreatment. This seems to be a policy of the state of Nicaragua, together with transnational violations of human rights that affect exiles, people in exile. These grave violations of human rights are in addition to many others that the group has meticulously documented since the start of our mandate. Uh, they are criteria of, uh, impartiality with, uh, confidentiality, so, and we don't wanna do any harm, therefore, the victims, uh, are trying to obtain, uh, they, they have absolutely no perspective of, um… any redress in Nicaragua, and impunity carries to govern this situation. We want to reiterate a few more recommendations of the group has made recently to the member states: provide political support for the media and independent journalists who are in a very vulnerable situation, and carry on to document the forced experiences, deaths in custody, and the other violations; provide immediate and sustained protection via temporary resettlement for the families of people who are the family members of people who were forced disappeared, guarantee international protection for exiled Nicaraguans and defend the right to asylum, ensuring safe and timely access to procedures and the necessary evaluation of the protection measures. We need to look at the procedures so that we can have mutual legal assistance for refugees, the principle of non-return and non-refoulement, and the guarantees of a fair trial. We need to promptly investigate the three threats of attacks that many Nicaraguans live under in Nicaragua and in exile, adopt rigorously sanctions against the officials identified as being responsible for ordering, supervising, or covering up for cases of forced disappearance and death in custody. We need to demand that Nicaragua is held to account before the International Court of Justice for not complying with the Convention on Statelessness of 1971 and the Convention on Torture. We need to create political and legal conditions that will allow free elections and the full participation of all political forces as a whole under international framework, the protection of human rights and the peaceful and sustainable democratic recovery demand, when necessary, investigations and demand criminal trials based on extraterritorial jurisdiction, including universal jurisdiction. Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

Thank you very much indeed. I thank the representatives of the Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua for your contributions today. That brings to an end our substantive work for this afternoon. Before we adjourn, let me remind delegations that the deadline for the submission of draft proposals under this item is 3 November at 1:00 PM. I note that the Committee will continue its consideration of agenda item 70, promotion and protection of human rights, tomorrow at 10:00 AM sharp to hear statements by special procedures mandate holders and engage with them. As you know, information on the committee's work is on IGov. Thank you so much for your engagement this afternoon. The meeting is adjourned.