Fourth Committee, 21th plenary meeting - General Assembly, 81st session

Good morning, everyone.

I call to order the 21st meeting of the Special Political and Decolonization Committee.

This morning, the Committee is scheduled to continue and conclude its general debate on agenda.

Item number 49, entitled "Comprehensive view of the whole question of peacekeeping operations in all their aspects". And before I give the floor to the first speaker, I would like to remind delegations of the time limit of 10 minutes for national statements and 15 minutes when speaking on behalf of a group of States. Dear friends, the list of speakers is relatively still long, and for maximum utilization of our time and to be able to hear all remaining speakers, numbering at 36, I.

Appeal to all speakers.

To deliver shorter versions.

Of their statements and to submit the full text to the e-mail address e-statements@un.org for posting in the UN Journal. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Saint Lucia on behalf of CARICOM.

You have the floor.

Thank you very much, Chair, and good morning to everyone. Mr. Chair, on behalf of the 14 Member States of CARICOM, I have the honor to address the Fourth Committee on agenda item 49, the comprehensive review of the whole question of peacekeeping operations in all their aspects. Mr. Chair, CARICOM recognizes the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations, C-34, as the principal intergovernmental body responsible for reviewing peacekeeping operations in all their aspects. We value its role in shaping peacekeeping policy while addressing the challenges faced by missions and contributing countries. CARICOM encourages continued efforts to make peacekeeping operations more coherent, effective, and fit for purpose. These efforts should improve.

The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure, but it was necessary to determine the exact cause of the problem. The patient agreed to undergo the biopsy, and the doctor performed the procedure using a small needle to take a sample of the tissue. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure, but it was necessary to determine the exact cause of the problem. The patient agreed to undergo the biopsy, and the doctor performed the procedure using a small needle to take a sample of the tissue. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure, but it was necessary to determine the exact cause of the problem. The patient agreed to undergo the biopsy, and the doctor performed the procedure using a small needle to take a sample of the tissue. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure, but it was necessary to determine the exact cause of the problem. The patient agreed to undergo the biopsy, and the doctor performed the procedure using a small needle to take a sample of the tissue. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to undergo the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a special needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to undergo the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a special needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to undergo the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a special needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to undergo the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a special needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to undergo the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a special needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a small needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a small needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a small needle. The patient's condition was not improving, and the doctor decided to perform a biopsy to determine the cause of the problem. The doctor explained to the patient that the biopsy would be a minor procedure and that it would help them understand what was happening inside the body. The patient agreed to the procedure, and the doctor performed the biopsy using a small needle. The patient's family was informed about the risks and benefits of the proposed treatment, and they were given the option to participate in a clinical trial. The doctor explained the potential side effects and the importance of informed consent, and the family asked for more time to consider their options. The doctor agreed and scheduled a follow-up appointment to discuss the decision further.

Support through personnel, equipment, and logistics. the GSF must have the resources and capabilities required to fulfill its responsibilities safely and effectively. Operational effectiveness requires more than the arrival of troops. Armored vehicles, reliable communications, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities are equally important. Adequate medical support, air lift capacity, and other logistical resources are also essential to ensure that contingents can operate safely and sustainably. Peacekeeping operations must also comply with international law and applicable human rights standards. Particularly, attention must be given to protecting vulnerable groups, including women, children, and the youth. CARICOM recognizes BINU’s important work in human rights monitoring and accountability, national dialogue, and support for the rule of law. We welcome the renewal of its mandate through resolution 2814 until January 31, 2027. Continued support for its work remains essential to Haiti’s political and institutional progress. Effective coordination among Haitian authorities, BINU, the GSF, and UNOSO, and regional and international partners remain vital. Security efforts must facilitate humanitarian access, strengthen national institutions, and create conditions for inclusive and credible elections. The GSF has an important role to help establish the security conditions necessary for Haiti to recover its institutional capacity, restore public confidence, and advance towards democratic governance. Against this backdrop, CARICOM stresses the importance of restoring legitimate state authority in communities affected by conflict. In many such communities, public institutions and essential services have been weakened or displaced. We also emphasize the need to protect critical infrastructure and reopen transport routes. This would facilitate the safe movement of people, goods, and humanitarian assistance, while supporting the resumption of economic activity. Strengthening national security institutions is fundamental to sustaining improvements in security beyond the presence of international forces. International support should help national institutions progressively assume responsibility for public safety and the protection of their populations. Improved security is equally important for the delivery of humanitarian assistance and the restoration of basic services. displacement, threats to schools and hospitals, and disruptions to livelihoods can have lasting consequences for affected communities. A more secure environment would allow humanitarian agencies, development partners, and public institutions to reach those in need more effectively. CARICOM emphasizes that peacekeeping must support, rather than replace, nationally owned political processes. De-escalation, dialogue, and inclusive political engagement remain essential to addressing the causes of conflict. They also help create the conditions for durable peace. Peacekeeping operations can further contribute to recovery by helping restore the rule of law, strengthen public institutions, and help rebuild confidence among communities. Together with sustained international support for national priorities, these efforts can lay the foundations for political stability, economic recovery, and sustainable development. Ultimately, international engagement in conflict-affected countries should help restore peace, strengthen national capacity, and enable people to shape their own future. Mr. Chair, CARICOM remains committed to working with Member States and the Secretariat to strengthen the United Nations peacekeeping operations. Our collective efforts must ensure that these operations remain responsive to the needs of the people they serve. Effective peacekeeping requires genuine partnership, adequate resources, and respect for national ownership. It also demands a sustained commitment to peacebuilding. Success should be measured not only by operational achievements, but by the extent to which peacekeeping helps people live in safety and dignity while enabling societies to build lasting peace. Peacekeeping must never be viewed as an end in itself, but always be accompanied by a political process that addresses the root causes of conflict. The design of peacekeeping mandates must therefore align with this approach. We acknowledge all those serving in United Nations peace operations. We honor those who have lost their lives in the pursuit of peace. We also commend the courage, professionalism, and dedication of peacekeeping personnel. CARICOM remains steadfast in its belief that through collective action and sustained commitment, we can help create a world where peace is not merely an aspiration, but a lived reality for all. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Saint Lucia, and I now give the floor to the distinguished Ambassador of Cyprus.

You have the floor, madam.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Cyprus aligns with the statement delivered by the European Union. Allow me, though, to make some additional remarks in my national capacity, as Cyprus is both a host to a UN peacekeeping mission and a troop-contributing country. Mr. Chair, over the course of nearly eight decades, UN peacekeeping remains one of the most important tools of the United Nations, a great example of multilateralism in action and a tangible expression of our collective commitment to peace and security. At a time of unprecedented geopolitical tensions and growing challenges to multilateralism, we must not lose sight of the importance of UN peacekeeping. Since 1948, peacekeeping operations have grown, adapted, and evolved to meet the demands of different conflict, multifaceted crises, and complex challenges, navigating the difficult path from conflict to peace. In this regard, the effectiveness and adaptability of peacekeeping operations is now more crucial than ever. As we reflect on the future of UN peace operations, we need to ensure that Security Council mandates are fully respected and implemented. Our priority must be to strengthen their effectiveness and adaptability to be able to deliver on their mandates, anchored in the principles of the UN Charter and focused on upholding international law and human rights. Additionally, in our effort to adapt peace operations to new realities, we should not lose sight of the core principles of peacekeeping. the consent of the host country, the impartiality of the peacekeeping mission, and the non-use of force except in self-defence in defence of the mandate. Furthermore, we need to ensure that peace operations are deployed with exit strategies and viable transition plans, and that they engage in planning transitions with host countries and the United Nations country team. Mr. Chair, Cyprus, as the host country to a peacekeeping mission, is fully cognizant that the value of peacekeeping is neither abstract nor theoretical. Our experiences serve as a constant reminder of the necessity of sustaining a UN force that prevents the recurrence of fighting, particularly in the face of ever-evolving challenges. The presence of UNFICYP shall continue to be indispensable for my country for as long as over a third of its territory remains under Turkish military occupation, and for as long as violations of its sovereignty and territorial integrity continue. UNFICYP's mandate, in accordance with Security Council Resolution 186 of 1964, and as agreed to by the Republic of Cyprus, implements the relevant United Nations Security Council resolution and acts as a bulwark against the consolidation of the effects of aggression by maintaining the ceasefire, contributing to the restoration of law and order, and ensuring a return to normal conditions. UNFICYP’s presence continues to guarantee the fragile calm by the daily prevention of tens of incidents that could escalate into stability threats or even crisis on the island, as the ongoing BILAH violations and those perpetrated in Varosha by the occupying regime clearly indicate, which were, of course, considered by the Security Council. Mr. Chair, Cyprus attaches great importance to the financial support to peacekeeping missions in carrying out their mandates. We are deeply concerned on how liquidity constraints are affecting the peacekeeping missions' capability to fully implement their mandates. In this regard, we would like to reiterate that it is a sine qua non for all Member States to meet their financial obligations to UN peacekeeping in full, on time, and without conditions, as set out in the UN Charter. It is worth noting that Cyprus has supported UNFICYP for years by covering nearly 35% of the force's budget through its own voluntary contribution. This became even more necessary as Türkiye, the occupying power, has failed so far to pay its own assessed contribution, which amounts to over 1.2 million towards UNFICYP. Mr. Chair, Cyprus considers the safety and security of United Nations peacekeepers as vitally important and strongly support ensuring accountability on crimes against them. Cyprus strongly condemns all acts of violence against UN peacekeepers and reiterates its position that attacks against UN peacekeepers are unacceptable and constitute a grave violation of international law. In this regard, Cyprus has co-sponsored Security Council Resolution 2823 of 2026 on accountability for crimes against United Nations peacekeepers. As a host state to UNFICYP, Cyprus has submitted its first non-exhaustive contribution to the first annual report of the Secretary-General pursuant to paragraph 9 of the said resolution. As stated also in Cyprus's contribution, the majority of the fatalities and injuries suffered by UNFICYP peacekeepers occurred due to actions of the Turkish army during the Turkish illegal military invasion in 1974 and the subsequent illegal military occupation of Cyprus. Turkey's responsibility in relation to these fatalities and injuries of UN peacekeepers are evident also in UN Secretary General's report as well as Security Council official records. The Government of Cyprus will continue to exert every effort to investigate all incidents involving the death or injury of UNFICYP peacekeepers in accordance with applicable national and international law, with a view to ensure accountability to the fullest extent possible under the prevailing circumstances. I take this opportunity to express once again Cyprus' appreciation for the service of all men and women who have served in UNFICYP since 1964. as well as to all Truban Police contributing countries. Cyprus pays special tribute to all military, police, and civilian personnel who made the ultimate sacrifice or suffered injuries while serving under the United Nations flag in Cyprus, honoring their courage, professionalism, and unwavering dedication in the service of international peace and security. To conclude, Mr. Chair, Cyprus stands ready to contribute to the discussion in relation to the Secretary General's report on the review on the future of all forms of UN peacekeeping missions, and we particularly welcome the chapter dedicated to cooperation with the host states. In a rapidly changing world, it is our common interest to ensure that UN peacekeeping operations remain credible, adequately funded, fit for purpose, and firmly grounded to the principles and purposes of the Charter. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished Permanent Representative of Cyprus, and I now have the pleasure to give the floor to the.

Sister Republic of Lebanon. You have the floor.

Mr. Chair, Lebanon thanks Mr. Khayali for his briefing and Mr. Jean-Pierre Lacroix and his team at the Secretariat for their work. As a host country of a United Nations peacekeeping mission for nearly five decades, Lebanon speaks from direct experience. For us, peacekeeping is not an abstraction. It is the blue helmets on the roads in the south, in our villages, and alongside our army. Since 1978, The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon has been monitoring the Blue Line, supporting the Lebanese Armed Forces in their deployment in the south, facilitating liaison and de-escalation, securing humanitarian access, and helping protect civilians. Its added value is real: an impartial presence that observes and reports violations; a channel that prevents an incident from becoming a wider confrontation; an engagement that protects civilians, and a visible guarantee that the international community stands behind Resolution 1701. Lebanon deeply appreciates the presence of UNIFIL and recognizes the effective value of the work of its personnel, civil and military, as well as the vital contribution of the troop contributing countries with the ultimate objective of restoring peace and security. Lebanon also honors and grieves every peacekeeper who has fallen in the service of peace on our soil. Lebanon will never forget this sacrifice. Mr. Chair, as this committee reviews peacekeeping in all its aspects, the safety of peacekeepers must come first. Lebanon condemns in the strongest terms the Israeli attacks on UNIFIL personnel, sites, and equipment. We demand that these stop and that the inviolability of UN premises be respected, and that those responsible be held accountable. In this regard, Lebanon welcomes the unanimous adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 2823 last June that calls for accountability for crimes against UN peacekeepers. Lebanon also commends the efforts made to enhance the safety and security of UN peacekeeping forces and calls for further measures to strengthen them, particularly by providing them with all the necessary resources and tools to mitigate imminent risk and enhance safety, as well as by providing them with appropriate training, field awareness, protective equipment, and medical services. Mr. Chair, Lebanon emphasizes the importance of increasing the participation of women in peacekeeping forces. whose role is considered essential to the maintenance of international peace and security. The number of women in the police and military components of peacekeeping forces is on the rise. However, we must strive to ensure greater representation of women in mission composition by adopting arrangements that facilitate their participation, such as providing greater flexibility in rotation schedules and adequate housing facilities, among other measures. Mr. Chair, Lebanon also stresses the importance of UNIFIL's freedom of movement, as stipulated by the Status of Forces Agreement, to which the Lebanese Government is fully committed to. However, Israel continues to violate Lebanese sovereignty through daily strikes, UNIFIL having recorded more than 10,000 violations since the cessation of hostilities in November 2024. Patrols, logistical convoys, and humanitarian convoys must be able to move safely and without obstruction to be able to carry out their duties. Mr. Chair, the question of transition is central to this review. Lebanon remains convinced that UNIFIL presence is a key element of stability in the south, and we are very much concerned that a premature withdrawal could create a security vacuum while violations and occupation continue. We therefore call on Member States to give due weight to the Lebanese position, including its request for a continued UN presence. After the steep rise in hostilities starting March 2nd, we are dealing with new facts and realities on the ground, in light of which, maintaining a UN presence would be the soundest and most vital scenario for Lebanon until our army can be fully deployed throughout the Lebanese territory. We would, of course, like to see this option enshrined in a Security Council resolution. We ask that our position be duly considered and supported, while trusting the ability of peacekeeping missions to demonstrate flexibility and adaptation, the objective being to support the implementation of Resolution 1701 and maintaining peace and security in the south of Lebanon. It should also be emphasized that such a presence would complement the current negotiations track sponsored by the United States. Lebanon stands ready to work with all partners to that end, and will continue to strengthen the deployment of the Lebanese Armed Forces in the south. Finally, we commend the concrete initiatives presented by a lot of Member States, friends of Lebanon, to our armed forces. Mr. Chair, in countries where stability is hanging by a thread, the role of peacekeeping missions is irreplaceable. We look forward to the day when their presence is no longer necessary, the day when that sovereignty is fully exercised and where conditions for peace and security are mutually respected. I thank you, Mr.

Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Lebanon. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Dominican Republic. You now have the floor.

Mr. Chairman, Excellencies, distinguished delegates, the Dominican Republic is grateful to Under-Secretary General for the presentation to this Committee and take notes of the report of the Secretary General on the future question of the whole peacekeeping operations and all their aspects. We would also like to pay tribute to all the men and women who have served and continue to serve in these operations with professionalism, dedication, and courage. Likewise, we pay tribute to those who have sacrificed their lives in fulfilling their mission and express our solidarity with their families. Mr. Chairman, Peacekeeping operations are one of the most effective instruments of the United Nations in preserving international peace and security. For this reason, the Dominican Republic would like to share the following thoughts on this topic. First of all, our delegation is convinced that these operations play a critical role in the protection of civilians by preserving the most fundamental of rights, the right to life. Along the same line, we would like to highlight the work of humanitarian personnel that provides assistance during peacekeeping operations. This personnel must be respected and protected in conformity with the norms of international humanitarian law. Secondly, it is necessary to continue promoting more active cooperation among United Nations peacekeeping operations, other international and regional organizations, as well as with the host States in seeking effective solutions through dialogue and the peaceful resolution of disputes. Thirdly, strengthening the rule of law and national institutions continues to be an essential foundation so that countries in post-conflict situations can move towards stability. Lastly, Peacekeeping operations must support national efforts in the area of justice and accountability, supporting locally led processes that consolidate trust among the population and the authorities. Fourthly, our delegation considers it fundamental to ensure the full, equal, and meaningful participation and leadership of women in peace processes, planning, and transition. Twenty-six years after the historic adoption of Resolution 1325 of the Security Council on Women, Peace and Security, our country reiterates the need to move from commitments to the full implementation of this agenda, ensuring that policies, mandates, and resources appropriately reflect the priorities and voices of women in contexts of peace and security. Pursuant to this, we encourage preserving the successes achieved in the framework of the agenda on women, peace, and security with regard to the full, equal, and meaningful participation of women in peacekeeping operations. Fifthly, the meaningful participation of youth strengthens trust, legitimacy of peace efforts, and prevention of conflicts. In the framework of the 11th anniversary of Resolution 2250 of the Security Council on youth, peace and security, we strongly suggest continuing to expand opportunities for the participation of youth at all levels. For the achievement of all the goals that I just mentioned, the Dominican Republic stresses the importance for peacekeeping operations to be provided with the personnel financial resources and clear mandates and political support necessary to allow them to act effectively in preventing conflicts, reducing violence, and consolidating the rule of law. Mr. Chairman, to conclude, the Dominican Republic reaffirms its commitment to continue supporting multilateral efforts aimed at establishing international peace and security pursuant to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. Thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Dominican Republic, and I further thank him for giving us further time in the general debate by delivering an abridged version of the national statement. I now give the statement to the distinguished representative of Colombia.

Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Let me just start by highlighting the importance of the consensus achieved in the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations on the recommendations in its report. It's a political agreement that acknowledges the contribution of peacekeeping to international peace and security. There's broad consensus on the assessment of the situation of peacekeeping operations. At the same time, There's recognition that these are instruments available to the organization to fulfill its functions, but there's also a consensus that there's a need to effect significant adjustments to respond effectively to emerging challenges. The question is whether the organization and its organs is taking the necessary measures to adjust the operations to current needs. The report on the future of the question of peacekeeping carried out by the Secretariat, is an important contribution to reflect honestly on this topic. Mr. Chairman, Colombia recalls how peacekeeping operations have taken different forms throughout its history, responding specifically to the challenges of security, to geopolitical dynamics, and to the strategies of the time to respond to conflicts. The current context demands decisive action. a pragmatic multilateralism geared towards results. On this point, allow me to highlight three aspects that are important for Colombia on this topic. Firstly, the design and continuity of peacekeeping operations must respond to concrete needs on the ground and include objectives that are clearly defined and verifiable results. Colombia agrees on the need to strengthen the planning and monitoring of performance of missions. Likewise, as a country that hosts a significant UN presence, we acknowledge the importance of coordination so that the tasks should be implemented by the entities of the system that are the most qualified, avoiding silos, inefficiencies, and duplication. Secondly, Colombia highlights the importance of consultations and coordination with the host country, ensuring that its vision and priorities are taken into account throughout the decision-making cycle. Likewise, Colombia highlights the importance of cooperation with the host state and fulfilling its responsibilities in light of the relevant operational agreements. Thirdly, the technological modernization of missions is an Urgent. The process of the review of peacekeeping operations must lead to missions having the appropriate capacity to confront threats and strengthen security of the personnel of the missions. At the same time, we must take advantage of the cost efficiency benefits. situational knowledge, risk analysis, and early warning that technologies, including those driven by artificial intelligence, can provide to peacekeeping operations. Lastly, Mr. Chairman, allow me to conclude by acknowledging the milestone represented by the adoption of resolution 28/23 on accountability for crimes committed by personnel of peacekeeping operations, and to pay tribute to the men and women that have given their lives in the service of peace under the flag of the United Nations. Honoring their memory requires renewing our commitment to security of deployed personnel, to justice, and to the fight against impunity. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Colombia. I thank her also for giving us further time to resume our general debate. And now it is my honour to give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Hashemite Jordan, you now have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. My dear brother Feth, allow me once more to commend your efforts in facilitating the efforts of the Committee and the Bureau. I thank you for your concerted efforts. in managing this committee and facilitating its work during this session. Thank you once more. I would like to thank the briefers. Please allow me to tackle the four following notes on the peacekeeping item on the Committee's agenda today. Firstly, Jordan reaffirms its commitment to supporting UN peacekeeping operations, and we believe in its central role in maintaining international peace and security and protecting civilians in conflict regions all over the world. We have embodied this commitment by participating with contributing 120,000 armed forces and security personnel, many of whom have sacrificed their souls and their lives in upholding the principles of peace and serving the principles of the UN Charter. Secondly, we continue in our efforts to enhance women's participation in peacekeeping operations and enhancing the scope of women's participation in different missions and fields. This stems from our firm belief in the importance of women's role in enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of UN peacekeeping forces. The participation of Jordan in peacekeeping has increased to 23% in 2025. Our relevant national authorities continue to take the necessary steps to enhance this participation through training and habilitation programs and enhancing the working environment, as well as reviewing legislations and policies. Thirdly, we see a clear decline in the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations of late. Consequently, we see negative reflections on international efforts aiming to resolve conflict and achieve sustainable peace. We reaffirm that the maintenance of international peace and security is at the core of the purposes of the UN and the principles for which it was created. Therefore, we must maintain the efficacy of the UN instruments and mechanisms dedicated to this purpose. They must not be undermined or weakened. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of the GA and the Security Council upholding their responsibilities in providing political support and financial resources necessary to enable peacekeeping missions from upholding their mandates in an effective and efficient manner, safe from political considerations that might undermine such missions. Fourthly and finally, we emphasize that the success of peacekeeping operations in their objectives requires clear mandates and objective assessments carried by the Secretariat. Realistic and measurable objectives must be determined so that the efforts in these operations become conducive to peaceful and sustainable settlements, so that we can overcome conflict management, and end them permanently. We also emphasize the importance of the UN taking every effort to ensure the safety and security of peacekeeping personnel, and we must also hold accountable those who target them with attacks. We must end impunity for attacks against UN personnel, especially given the unprecedented increase in the attacks and violations that UN peacekeeping missions are suffering, especially in our Arab region. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished DPR of the sisterly Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and I would like to thank him for his honest words. These are the words that can only be uttered by an honest man from an honest country. And here, from this podium, in the presence of the other members of the Bureau and the Secretariat of the Committee, are in your service and the service of all Member States. And now it is my pleasure to give the statement to the Distinguished representative of Zimbabwe.

Thank you, Chair. Zimbabwe aligns itself with the statements delivered by Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and by the Russian Federation on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations. Mr. Chair, United Nations peacekeeping operations continue to serve as an indispensable instrument for the maintenance of international peace and security. Despite the increasingly complex and dangerous environments in which they operate, peacekeepers remain central to international efforts to prevent conflict, protect civilians, and create conditions conducive to sustainable peace. Zimbabwe is deeply concerned by the growing threats to the safety and security of peacekeepers, including the loss of lives in the discharge of their duties. We strongly condemn attacks against peacekeepers and civilians, and call for those responsible to be held accountable. The demanding and often traumatic conditions under which peacekeepers serve also have serious implications for their mental health and well-being. In this regard, we commend the United Nations for introducing its Mental Health Strategy and underscore the importance of ensuring that peacekeepers have access to adequate mental health and psychosocial support. Contemporary peacekeeping operations face an increasingly complex range of challenges. including regional instability, climate-related risks, misinformation and disinformation, the proliferation of non-state armed actors, transnational organized crime, and the misuse of emerging technologies. In some instances, diminishing confidence and support from host governments and local communities further complicate the implementation of peacekeeping mandates. Addressing these challenges requires stronger cooperation between the United Nations, host countries, and local communities, alongside sustainable efforts to counter misinformation and disinformation and build trust in peacekeeping operations. In this context, Zimbabwe welcomes the Pact for the Future and its recognition of the need to adapt peace operations to evolving challenges and realities. We emphasize that effective peacekeeping must be anchored in clear political strategies, realistic mandates, and adequate resources, supported by predictable and sustainable financing. Peacekeeping operations must also respond appropriately to climate-related challenges. that is, minimize their environmental footprint and contribute positively to the well-being of the communities they serve. Mr. Chair, Zimbabwe remains firmly committed to advancing women's meaningful participation in peacekeeping operations, including in leadership, command, and decision-making positions. We support the Secretary-General’s Gender Parity Strategy and encourage troop and police contributing countries to make sustained progress towards this target. The meaningful participation of women enhances operational effectiveness and strengthens the capacity of peacekeeping missions to respond to particular vulnerabilities and needs of women and girls affected by conflict. Zimbabwe is pleased to report that it continues to exceed the Secretary-General's gender parity targets in its deployment of individual police officers, military experts on mission, and staff officers. We also attach particular importance to strengthening cooperation between the United Nations and regional organizations, especially the African Union. Zimbabwe welcomes progress towards the provision of United Nations-assessed contributions for African Union-led peace support operations. Regional organizations are often well-placed to identify emerging threats and respond promptly to conflicts within their regions. However, their effectiveness depends on adequate capabilities, resources, and predictable financing. We therefore underscore the importance of translating commitments on the financing of African-led peace support operations into practical and sustainable arrangements. Mr. Chair, Zimbabwe welcomes the review of the future of United Nations peace operations as an opportunity to strengthen their effectiveness, adaptability, and responsiveness to the needs of conflict-affected populations. The protection of civilians must remain central to peacekeeping mandates, alongside greater attention to mental health, psychosocial support, and trauma-informed approaches that address the lasting consequences of conflict. Ultimately, the success of peacekeeping operations must be measured not only by their ability to contain violence, but also by their contribution to durable political solutions stronger national institutions, and sustainable peace. In conclusion, Chair, Zimbabwe pays tribute to the dedication, courage, and sacrifice of United Nations peacekeepers who serve under exceptionally difficult circumstances. We honour the memory of those who have lost their lives in the service of international peace and security. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya.

Thank you, Chair. Kenya aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and wishes to make the following remarks on its national capacity. At the outset, we pay tribute to the military, police, civilian personnel serving under the United Nations flag in often challenging, dangerous environments. We honor in particular those who have made the ultimate sacrifice in the pursuit of international peace and security. Chair, for more than four decades, Kenya has contributed to international peace and security through participation in United Nations peace operations, regional and global peace support missions, and sustained diplomatic engagements, including through the service of Kenyan personnel in senior leadership roles across numerous missions. These efforts have been complemented by active engagement in mediation, conflict prevention, and regional peace initiatives. These experiences have reinforced an important lesson for Kenya. The effectiveness of peace operations is ultimately not measured by their size, duration, or operational footprint, but by their contribution to sustainable peace and lasting political solutions. It is against this backdrop that Kenya welcomes the reports of the Secretary-General on the review of the future of all forms of United Nations peace operations and that of the C-34. These reports provide a useful foundation upon which to advance discussions on ensuring that United Nations peace operations remain effective and responsive in an increasingly complex and evolving security environment. Distinguished delegates, As discussion on the future of the United Nations peace operations continue, Kenya supports a flexible and context-specific approach that recognizes that no single model can effectively address every conflict situation. Reforms should strengthen the organization's ability to protect civilians who are mandated, respond to evolving threats, and support member states in creating the conditions for sustainable peace. Looking ahead, peace operations should be guided by realistic and achievable mandates, strong partnership with host countries and regional organizations, and a greater emphasis on prevention, mediation, peacebuilding, and transition planning. Kenya's experience underscores that durable peace requires more than military and security measures. It depends on strong national institutions, inclusive governance, socioeconomic development, and nationally led efforts to address the root causes of conflict and prevent its recurrence. Chair, Kenya underscores the importance of meaningful, timely, and institutionalized triangular consultations among the Security Council, the Secretariat, and troop and police contributing countries throughout the mandate cycle. Such consultations help ensure that operational requirements, Remain aligned with conditions on the ground and are supported by the personnel, equipment, logistics, and financial resources necessary for implementation. As a troop contributing country, Kenya recognizes the importance of matching mandated responsibility with adequate personnel, equipment, logistics, and financial resources. Additional responsibility without corresponding capabilities undermine operational effectiveness and expose peacekeepers to unnecessary risks. As the UN navigates ongoing liquidity challenges, efficiency and accountability must be pursued without compromising mandate delivery, particularly the protection of civilians and the safety and security of peacekeepers, which are central to the credibility and effectiveness of United Nations peace operations. Chair, Peace operations must also be built on stronger partnership between the United Nations, regional organizations, as today's conflicts become increasingly complex, protracted, and multidimensional, regional organizations have assumed a more prominent role in responding to threats to international peace and security. For Africa, the partnership between the United Nations and the African Union is indispensable. African Union-led peace support operations have demonstrated the value of responses informed by regional ownership, proximity, and contextual understandings, while our continental and regional institutions bring their contextual knowledge. However, the effectiveness and sustainability of such operations have often been constrained by inadequate and unpredictable finances. It is against this backdrop that United Nations Security Council Resolution 2719 presents historic and innovative steps towards addressing a longstanding gap in the international peace and security architecture. Kenya, therefore, underscores the urgent need for the full operationalization and implementation of Resolution 2719. Distinguished delegates, the success of peacekeeping operations ultimately depends on the preparedness of the women and men deployed in the field. As operational environments increasingly become complex, peacekeepers must be equipped to address emerging threats. Kenya has therefore placed training and capacity building at the center of its contribution to international peace and security through our International Peace and Support Training Center. in Nairobi and other national institutions, Kenya continues to provide high quality pre-deployment training and specialized training. Chair, Kenya recognizes that the full, equal, and meaningful safe participation of women is essential to achieve sustainable peace and security. We reaffirm our commitment to the WPS agenda and the implementation of Security Resolution 1325. We have consistently exceeded the United Nations gender parity targets. However, delegates, advancing this agenda requires more than numerical representation. It requires ensuring women's meaningful participation in leadership, mediation planning, and decision making at all level, while strengthening the role of local women peace builders in conflict prevention, peace building, and community resilience thereby enhancing effectiveness, inclusivity, and sustainability of peace efforts. In conclusion, Kenya remains firmly committed to the United Nations peacekeeping as a vital instrument for the maintenance of international peace and security. To remain effective in an increasingly complex and evolving security environment, Peace operations must be adaptable, adequately resourced, and guided by sustained political commitments and collective responsibility. Kenya stands ready to work with Member States, the United Nations, and regional organizations to strengthen the effectiveness of peace operations and advance sustainable peace. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Kenya. I now give the floor to the representative of Togo. The floor is yours.

Mr. Chair, the delegation of Togo aligns itself with the statement delivered by Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and on behalf of the group of French-speaking ambassadors. We'd like to emphasize the importance that we place on building the capacity of peacekeeping operations of the United Nations. This in an international context that is marked by proliferating crises and increasing threats to international peace and security. Togo wishes to reaffirm its commitment to the central role that the UN plays in maintaining international peace and security. Our commitment is illustrated by our unwavering commitment in my country to peacekeeping operations, being convinced as we are of how essential they are for preventing escalations of conflicts and to protecting civilians and to building peace. In the context of spreading conflicts and new threats, we think it’s necessary to build capacity and to adapt PKOs. Thus, my delegation takes note of the report of the Secretary-General on the review on the future of all forms of UN peacekeeping operations, and the eight salient points of that report are promising avenues to improve organization and adapt it to contemporary realities. Togo emphasizes the importance of prioritizing sustainable political solutions through conflict prevention, preventive diplomacy, mediation, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. PKOs need to fit into coherent political strategies. Those strategies need to be grounded in the respect for the sovereignty of host countries. My delegation also underscores the need to provide PKOs with clear, realistic, and well-adapted mandates, adapted to the context of the areas where they're deployed, that is. Their effectiveness requires better coordination with the other components of the UN system, and it also requires bolstering partnerships with regional and subregional organizations, in particular the African Union and ECOWAS. Mr. Chairman, the effectiveness of PKOs can’t be separated from the adequate, predictable, and sustainable resources given to them. My delegation thus notes with concern the liquidity crisis that currently is facing our Organization. It’s having repercussions on the operational capacity of the UN. This could undermine the effective delivery of PKO deliveries, the delivery of PKO mandates. So we need to strengthen the organization's financial capacity to ensure the continuity of operations, the protection of civilians, and the safety of Blue Helmets. And here we wish to honor the commitments and sacrifices of Blue Helmets. Togo reiterates the importance of beefing up partnerships between the UN and the African Union. We thus underscore the need to accelerate discussions currently underway in order to achieve the progress needed for the implementation of the relevant Security Council resolution in this regard. This is an important step forward toward establishing predictable, adequate, and sustainable financing for peace operations led by the African Union and authorized by the Security Council. We need more equitable sharing of responsibility in terms of international peace and security. Furthermore, the protection of civilians the security of personnel in PKOs, and strengthening of operational capacity and the appropriate use of new technology. All of these must remain priorities. The full and equal participation of women and young people in peacekeeping operations needs to happen too, as well as stamping out of sexual abuse and exploitation. This needs to be given constant attention. Togo, remains convinced that the relevance of PKOs hinges on them being given an adequate mandate, appropriate resources, and political will. We reaffirm our commitment to effective multilateralism and to shared responsibility of Member States in ensuring peace and international security. Thank you.

I thank the representative of Togo. I now give the floor to the representative of Turkey.

Mr. Chair, at the outset, let me convey our sincere appreciation to you and the members of the Bureau for your leadership in steering this year's work of the Fourth Committee. Mr. Chair, distinguished colleagues, Peace operations represent one of the most visible and effective manifestations of multilateralism. For decades, UN peacekeeping missions have played a vital role in fostering stability, supporting peace agreements, and protecting civilians, often some of the most complex and dangerous circumstances around the world. Türkiye has proudly contributed to these efforts by deploying personnel to missions both in our region and beyond. Our principled approach to peacekeeping reflects our firm commitment to multilateralism and the principles of the UN Charter. In this regard, we reiterate our commitment to organizing training programs in Türkiye within the scope of the capacity building, as restated during the visit of the UN Undersecretary General for Peace Operations, Jean-Pierre Lacroix, in May. Mr. Chair. Turkey is concerned that the withdrawal of UNIFIL from the area between the Litani River and the Blue Line could create a serious security and authority vacuum in southern Lebanon. The absence of a credible and deterrent presence between the parties could significantly increase the risk of military escalation, border violations, and renewed armed confrontation along the Israel-Lebanon border. Maintaining stability in southern Lebanon requires preventing any sudden vacuum on the ground through timely, coordinated, and diplomatic efforts. In this regard, it is essential to ensure continuity in monitoring, liaison, and de-escalation arrangements. Turkey believes that, should the mandate of UNIFIL not be renewed, alternative mechanisms would need to be established without delay to preserve stability, prevent escalation, and continue observation and reporting functions on the ground. Any such arrangement should enjoy the endorsement and legitimacy of the United Nations and be implemented in full respect of Lebanon's sovereignty, territorial integrity, and relevant Security Council resolutions. Turkey reaffirms its commitment to the security, stability, and sovereignty of Lebanon and supports all efforts aimed at preserving peace and preventing further tensions in the region. Mr. Chair, the Brahimi Report points to the consent of the local parties and impartiality as the bedrock principles of peacekeeping. The adherence to these principles is all the more important in the case of UNFICYP, almost half of whose funding stems from one party to the dispute. We, therefore, wish to emphasize the need for UNFICYP to seek the consent of the Turkish Cypriot side for any and all activities by any party in the UN-administered buffer zone, as well as the urgent need of a legal basis for UNFICYP's activities on Turkish Cypriot territory. Mr. Chair, peace operations can only succeed when accompanied by political solutions. They are a support mechanism to create opportunity for dialogue and reconciliation. As a core UN function, they remain indispensable. Türkiye reaffirms its commitment to the effective implementation of all peacekeeping mandates. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Turkey. Thank you for your brief and concise statement. Thank you for allowing us more time to listen to the remaining speakers in this general debate. I would like now to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand. The floor is yours.

Thailand aligns itself with the statement delivered by Indonesia on behalf of ASEAN and by Morocco on behalf of the NAM. We extend our sincere appreciation to USG for Peace Operations and USG for Operational Support for their dedicated leadership in ensuring UN peacekeeping remains an essential anchor for global peace and security. Mr. Chair, as a committed troop and police contributing country for nearly seven decades, with over 27,000 personnel deployed across 20 UN missions. Thailand reaffirmed that the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations remains the only UN body mandated to comprehensively review the whole question of peacekeeping operations in all their aspects. Following the successful adoption of the 2020 C34 report. Thailand welcomes the decision to biannualize future reports. The value of the C34 should ultimately be measured not by the frequency of its report, but by their substantive contributions. to improving peacekeeping operations on the ground. We view this as an opportunity for more focused deliberations, while preserving the Committee’s central role in shaping the future of UN peacekeeping. To ensure UN peacekeeping remains fit for purpose in an increasingly complex security environment, Thailand wishes to emphasize four key priorities. First, we must ensure that peacekeeping operations strictly adhere to the core principles of con- consents of the parties, impartialities, and non-use of force, except in self-defense and defense of the mandate. In line with the s- securi- uh, Secretary-General calls, um. to reinvest in peacemaking and preventive diplomacy. Early peace building must be prioritized to address the root cause of conflict and support nationally led and nationally owned peace processes. Peace builders can play important role in this regard. Through our Horizon Home Military Engineering Company, UNMIS, Thailand reintegrates community development into our operations based on a people-centered approach. This strengthens community resilience and contributes to SDG 16 and broader goals of sustaining peace. Furthermore, we reiterate our unwavering support for the UN's zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse to safeguard the trust of local communities and maintain the legitimacy of peacekeeping operations. Second, we must safeguard personnel safety and security in tandem with operational and financial viability of the missions. Peacekeepers must be equipped with adequate resources, comprehensive threat assessments, and peacekeeping intelligence. In parallel, the UN member states must strengthen proactive strategic communications to counter misinformation, disinformation, and hate speech targeting blue helmets. Equally critical is addressing the persistent UN liquidity crisis, which directly impacts reimbursements to the TPCC. Frontline contributors, who bear significant human and financial costs, must not be left to shoulder the budgetary burden. Mission effectiveness and troop safety must not be compromised by financial constraints. We therefore call for predictable reimbursement and urge all Member States to fulfil their financial obligations in full, on time and without conditions. Third, we must drive operational excellence through partnerships and capacity building. At the regional level, Thailand continues to deepen regional cooperation in conflict prevention and peace support, while valuing the UN's continued support for peacekeeping capacity building and training in ASEAN. Nationally, the Peace Operations Center of the Royal Thai Armed Force continue to conduct UN-certified courses, including the UN Staff Officer Course. In fulfillment of our pledge at the 2025 UN Peacekeeping Ministerial, Thailand is pleased to host engineering courses under the UN Triangular Partnership Program for 2026 to 2028. Lastly, advancing the Women, Peace, and Security agenda requires turning national commitment into concrete action. Thailand has achieved 42.1% female representation among individual military observers in UNMISS and UNMOGIL, exceeding UN targets. We remain dedicated to maintaining female representation above 30% among individual military and police personnel, while enhancing gender-responsive facility for our engineering company. We call on the UN and member states to strengthen operational frameworks and qualification pathway to provide UN women peacekeepers with greater opportunities to serve in senior leadership and command positions. This is not only a matter of representation, but also an investment in the effectiveness and operational performance of peacekeeping missions. Mr. Chair, Thailand takes note of the recommendations contained in the Secretary-General’s review on the future of all forms of UN peace operations and looks forward to follow-up and subsequent reviews that are Member State-driven, transparent, and inclusive. In closing, Thailand stands ready to work constructively with all Member States during the upcoming C-34 Substantial Session to build on achievement of the 2026 report and translate our shared commitment into practical and actionable outcomes. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Thailand, and allow me just to take this time to thank you and the other co-facilitators of the work of C34, which everyone appreciates, and that was led to consensus. So thank you, Thailand, Bangladesh, Canada, Tunisia. It's very highly appreciated. Colleagues, I know I have been thanking you to speak more. quickly, but I realize that I am taking the time thanking everyone, so I'd like to apologize for that. And with that, I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, Sierra Leone aligns with the statement delivered by Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. I now wish to make the following remarks in my national capacity. Sierra Leone welcomes this opportunity to contribute to the comprehensive review of United Nations peacekeeping operations in all their aspects. We pay tribute to the women and men serving under the United Nations flag, often in dangerous circumstances. We honour those who have made the ultimate sacrifice and express solidarity with their families. countries and colleagues, having benefited from peacekeeping, Sierra Leone now contributes military and police personnel to peace operations elsewhere. We believe that peacekeeping must be judged not only by its capacity to contain violence, but also by its contribution to enduring peace. Mr. Chair, peacekeeping remains an indispensable instrument of multilateral cooperation. Its effectiveness depends on political commitment, credible mandates, adequate capabilities, and the confidence of the communities it serves. SWALI reaffirms that peacekeeping must uphold the Charter, including sovereignty and territorial integrity, the principles of consent, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defense, and in defense of the mandate. Adaptation must strengthen these foundations and preserve Member States' central role in shaping peacekeeping policy. We reaffirm our support for the C-34 and encourage constructive, consensus-based deliberations with meaningful participation by troop and police contributing countries and host states. Please allow me to highlight six priorities. First, peacekeeping must be anchored in a credible political strategy. Missions cannot substitute for the political commitment needed to resolve conflict. They must support inclusive dialogue, mediation, and nationally owned political processes. Mandates should be clear, realistic, prioritized, and adaptable, informed by sound analysis and regular strategic review. We therefore support stronger consultation among the Security Council, the Secretariat, host States, and troop and police contributing countries throughout the mission life cycle. Those implementing mandates must have a meaningful opportunity to inform their design and review. Second, civilian protection must remain central to missions entrusted with that responsibility. While the primary responsibility rests with host states, missions must have the political support, capabilities, and resources required to fulfill their protection mandates. Protection requires community engagement, early warning, and coordination among civilian, police, and military components. Particular attention must be paid to women and children to prevent conflict-related sexual violence. Mission restructuring must not create avoidable protection gaps. Third, mandates must be matched by adequate resources, and peacekeepers must be properly prepared and protected. SWALUN supports effective, accountable, efficient peacekeeping. Efficiency, however, must not come at the expense of mandate delivery or personnel safety. We call on member states to meet their financial obligation in full and on time. We support timely reimbursement to contributing countries and sustain investment in context-specific training, equipment, medical support, leadership, and operational readiness. We condemn attacks against peacekeepers and call for accountability. Equally, peacekeeping's credibility demands the highest standards of conduct. We reaffirm zero tolerance of sexual exploitation and abuse, prompt investigation, accountability, and victim-centered approach. Fourth, women's full, equal, and meaningful participation must advance across peacekeeping. Participation must extend beyond numbers to operational responsibilities, leadership, and decision-making. This requires removing deployment barriers, providing appropriate training, ensuring safe working environments, and guaranteeing equal opportunities. We also encourage missions to engage women's organizations and young people as partners in shaping political processes and national institutions. Fifth, stronger regional and subregional partnerships are essential. We support deeper cooperation between the United Nations, the African Union, and relevant subregional organizations in prevention, mediation, and conflict response. We also support implementation of Security Council Resolution 2719 of 2023, consistent with its provisions enabling access to United Nations assets, contributions for African Union-led support operations authorized by the Council on a case-by-case basis. Sixth, Transitions must sustain peace, not merely conclude missions. The Peacebuilding Commission, peacebuilding forum, and wider United Nations system should engage early to prevent gaps between mission drawdown and long-term support. Successful transitions must strengthen national capacities and reduce the risk of relapse. Mr. Chair, across these priorities, Trust is indispensable. Missions must listen to communities, explain their mandates clearly, and respond transparently to concerns. Community engagement and strategic communication should address misinformation or disinformation without compromising impartiality and accountability. SWALM believes reform must make peacekeeping more politically effective, responsive, to national realities and capable of protecting civilians and supporting lasting peace. We stand ready to work with all Member States to strengthen peacekeeping that is faithful to the Charter, supported by credible mandates and adequate resources, and focused on people whose security and future depend on it. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone. I now give the floor to the representative of Liberia. The floor is yours.

Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chair. Liberia aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group and the Group of 77 and China, and wishes to make the following remarks in its national capacity. Liberia reaffirms its strong commitment to multilateralism and to the role of the United Nations in maintaining international peace and security. As a country that benefited from the United Nations mission in Liberia, we recognize the contributions of peacekeeping to restoring stability and rebuilding national institutions. Our experience also reinforces the importance of national ownership and sustained international support beyond the withdrawal of mission. Mr. Chair, the United Nations peacekeeping faces a challenging period marked by escalating conflicts, financial constraints, and increasing risks to mission personnel. Liberia believes that addressing these challenges required renewed political commitment, stronger cooperation among member states, and a more coherent approach across the United Nations system. First, on the Security Council and the political direction of peacekeeping, Liberia is concerned that divisions Divisions among Council members can undermine consensus on mandates, mission transition, and responses to emerging conflicts and threats. Peacekeeping also must not become a substitute for political solution. Second, On financing and operational effectiveness, Liberia is concerned that delayed or unpaid assessed contributions, coupled with budget reductions, are limiting the capacity of peacekeeping missions to implement the amended. Financial constraints must not silently determine the level of protection available to civilians or expose peacekeepers to greater risks. We urge all Member States to fulfill their financial obligations in full and on time. Any mission restructuring or drawdown should be based on careful assessment, clear benchmarks, consultations with host countries, and an evaluation of the consequences for civilian protection and regional stability. Third, on the safety and security of peacekeepers, Liberia strongly condemns attacks against United Nations United Nations personnel and calls for accountability for those responsible. Missions must receive appropriate training, equipment, medical support, and technological capabilities to operate safely in increasingly complex environments. We also reaffirm the importance of accountability, discipline, and zero tolerance for sexual exploitation and abuse by United Nations personnel. Fourth, On coordination across the United Nations system, Liberia emphasizes the need for closer cooperation among the Security Council, the General Assembly, the Secretariat, the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations, the Peacekeeping Commission, and relevant UN agencies, funds, and programs. Peacekeeping, political engagement, humanitarian assistance, and peacebuilding should reinforce one another rather than operate in isolation. The Peacebuilding Commission can play an important role in mobilizing sustained international attention and support for countries transitioning from conflict while respecting national priorities and ownership. Liberia further encourages stronger partnerships between the United Nations, the African Union, ECOWAS, and other regional organizations. Such partnerships should be guided by clear divisions of responsibility, adequate and predictable financing, and respect for principles of the UN Charter. Fifth, on transitions and sustainable peace, Liberia stresses that the success of peacekeeping cannot be measured solely by the completion of withdrawal of of a mission. Success must also be measured by the ability of national institutions to maintain security, uphold a rule of law, promote reconciliation, and prevent a return to conflict. Transition planning should therefore begin early and include sustained support for institutional capacity, inclusive governance, women's participation, youth engagement, and socioeconomic foundations of peace. Mr. Chair, the ongoing review of the future of the United Nations peacekeeping operations provide an important opportunity to adapt to changing conflict environments while preserving the principles that give peacekeeping its legitimacy. Reform must improve efficiency and accountability without weakening the organization's ability to protect civilians and support political solutions. Mr. Chair, Liberia remains convinced that peacekeeping is an important instrument of international solidarity when supported by political will, adequate resources, and genuine partnership with host countries. Our collective responsibility is not simply to deploy peacekeepers, but to create the political and institutional conditions under which the presence is no longer necessary. The Republic of Liberia stands ready to work with all Member States and relevant partners to strengthen United Nations peacekeeping and advance our shared commitment to international peace, security, and human dignity. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Liberia.

My youthfulness and short tenure as chair made me do the mistake of saying quicker statements, not shorter. So I apologize to the interpreters, and please make your statements short and not quick to give them enough time to interpret the statements. And with that, I'd be pleased to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Chile. You have the floor.

Thank you, Chairman. Chile reaffirms its commitment to United Nations peacekeeping operations, as these is one of the most visible and effective instruments of international system to help countries in conflict that are going through peacebuilding and its consolidation. I also highlight the value of preventive diplomacy. as an instrument to anticipate tensions, avoid escalation of conflicts, while promoting sustainable political solutions. The report of the Secretary-General, review of the whole question of peacekeeping operations in all their aspects, highlights the challenges represented by the increasing incorporation of new technologies in armed conflicts, especially the use of drones AI-based systems and cyber capacities due to their possible implications for the protection of the civil society and security of peacekeeping personnel. In this context, we consider it essential to strengthen the technological and operational capacities of peacekeeping operations so that they can respond effectively to emerging challenges and changing conditions on the ground, while fully respecting international law and their mandates, always keeping as a priority the protection of the civilian population and the security of deployed personnel. In addition to this, We must promote triangular associations with those countries with the most resources, prevent sexual exploitation and abuse by deployed troops that deeply damages the work of peacekeeping operations, as well as reducing environmental damage by the missions. Mr. Chairman, In an increasingly complex context, we highlight the importance of having clear and realistic mandates together with sufficient resources and sustained communication with troop contributing and police contributing countries to ensure that mandates can be implemented and respond to the realities on the ground. Likewise, we reiterate the importance of the full and meaningful participation of women in the military, police, and civilian components Based on this conviction, our country has continued moving forward and implementing our third National Plan of Action on Resolution 1325, Women, Peace, and Security, published in 2025, acknowledging the importance of expanding participation for all women in the prevention and resolution of conflicts, national defense, and public security, as well as in the deployment and performance of peacekeeping personnel and special political missions. Thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished representative of Chile and thank her sincerely for having a very short statement and more time for the general debate, as well as thanking her for dropping her spot from the top of the list to accommodate a colleague in the room. So, thank you. With that, I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Eritrea.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. At the outset, my delegation wishes to express its appreciation to the Under-Secretary-General for their briefing and insight on the evolving challenges confronting United Nations peacekeeping operations. My delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered by the representative of Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. Allow me, however, to make the following remarks on my national capacity. Mr. Chair, United Nations peacekeeping operations remain an important instrument for maintaining international peace and security with the invaluable contributions and support of troop contributing countries and states. However, their effectiveness and legitimacy depend on fundamentally on strict adherence to the principles of Charter of the United Nations, particularly respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of states. Peacekeeping operations must not be regarded as substitutes for political solutions, nor should they become instruments that undermine the sovereignty or national ownership of the host countries. Their development must be based on the consent of the parties concerned, impartiality and non-use of force except in self-defence and in defence of the mandate as applicable. My delegation underscores the importance of ensuring that peacekeeping mandates are clear, realistic, achievable, and responsive to the specific circumstances and priorities of host countries. Mandates must be formulated through meaningful consultations with host countries and must respect their legitimate national interests, laws, institutions, and cultural values. Mr. Chair, A fundamental consideration in deployment of peacekeeping operations is the need for a clear, defined political objective and a credible exit strategy. Peacekeeping missions cannot remain indefinitely in host countries without measurable progress towards their intended objectives. The absence of a clear exit strategy risks creating prolonged dependency, diverting resources from other critical priorities, and undermining the prospects for sustainable peace. Equally important is the strict observance of mandates and rules of engagement by all peacekeeping personnel. Peacekeepers must operate within the parameters of their mandate. and in full respect of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the host country. Any misconduct, abuse of authority, or violation of applicable rules and standards must be addressed through appropriate accountability mechanisms. Those entrusted with maintaining peace must themselves uphold the highest standard of conduct and responsibility. Furthermore, the success of peacekeeping operations requires genuine cooperation, mutual trust and respect between missions and host countries. National ownership must remain at the centre of peacekeeping efforts, with the priorities and perspective of the host country duly taken into consideration in the planning and implementation and review of mandates. Mr. Chair, the continued relevance of United Nations peacekeeping depends not on the expansion of mandates or prolonged presence of missions, but on their ability to contribute meaningfully to political solutions, stability, and sustainable peace. In this regard, my delegation reiterates that peacekeeping operations must be guided by the fundamental principles of the United Nations respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, clear and achievable mandates, accountability, and well-defined exit strategy. Let me conclude by paying tribute to the men and women who have sacrificed their lives in the service of United Nations peacekeeping. We extend our deepest condolences to their families and to their respective countries. I thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of Eritrea. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Mr. Chair, my delegation aligns itself with the statements on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and the Group of Friends in Defence of the Charter of the United Nations, and would like to highlight the following observations in its national capacity: Mr. Chairman, Nearly eight years have passed since the launch of the first UN peacekeeping operation aimed at resolving conflict and building durable peace. However, the effort to enhance efficiency of peacekeeping missions fails to make progress due to the fact that some member states, in pursuance of hegemony, are dealing with peacekeeping issues according to their political interests. In this context, my delegation hopes that this meeting will serve as a meaningful occasion in seeking practical ways to improve the effectiveness of UN peacekeeping operations. First, primary attention should be paid to ensuring that the UN peacekeeping operations are conducted in conformity with the principles of respect for sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs enshrined in the UN Charter. The Security Council should establish any new peacekeeping mission on the principles of respect for sovereignty, non-intervention, and consent of the parties, and specify the overall plans and mandates in such a way to help promoting the process of a political settlement. It is also indispensable to put an end to wrongful practices, such as creating artificial obstacles or taking discriminatory approaches, while misusing peacekeeping operations for sinister political purposes. The act of weighing on any UN peacekeeping operation and pursuing flip-flops according to selfish interests will only result in escalation of a conflict rather than resolution. Second, The practice of abusing the name of UN under the guise of maintaining peace should no longer be condoned. The illustrative example is the UN Command in the ROK, illegally cooked up by the United States. As far as the UN Command is concerned, it is a tool fabricated by the United States during the past Korean War period by abusing the name of the UN. It is an illegal entity in all aspects of establishment history, operational track records, and retention grounds. The UN Command is not subjected to instruction or financial support from the UN. Its commander is not appointed by the UN, and there is no reporting lines between the UN and the UN Command. These facts clearly show that the UN Command has no relationship with the United Nations. Nevertheless, the U.S. is bringing forces of its satellite countries into the UN Command, an illegal entity, and regularly involving them in nuclear war exercises like Ulchi-Freedom Shield, targeting a UN member state. In defiance of concerns and demand of the international community, the U.S. is attempting to revive and expand the functions of the UN Command. This will further increase the possibility of a new physical conflict in the Asia-Pacific region. The UN should immediately dissolve the UN Command, an illegal and aggressive war machinery, in order to restore its prestige and impartiality, and remain faithful to the mission of ensuring lasting global peace and security in accordance with the UN Charter. In closing, my delegation hopes that The UN peacekeeping operations will make substantial contributions, both in name and deed, to the maintenance of international peace and security true to their intrinsic mission. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Japan.

You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. UN peacekeeping is being tested as never before by evolving threats and severe financial constraints, yet it remains one of the most effective tools for maintaining international peace and security. Mr. Chair, in this context, the Secretary-General's review on the future of all forms of UN peace operations offers us an opportunity to reflect on what peacekeeping can achieve in a changing geopolitical landscape. Japan welcomes the review and wishes to highlight three priorities. The first is the primacy of policies underpinned by broad consensus, consent, and trust. The consent of host states remains a cornerstone of UN peacekeeping operations. However, even where consent has been given, missions continue to face restrictions on their freedom of movement, and accountability for attacks against peacekeepers remains a challenge. Against this backdrop, consent must be nurtured through continuous political engagement and dialogue between the Security Council and host states, as well as other relevant parties where appropriate. Japan also places great importance on the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. We believe that tangible peace dividends can build trust with local communities and help to sustain support for political processes. Second, the safety and security of peacekeepers is our highest priority. We pay tribute to all peacekeepers serving under the UN flag and honor those who have made the ultimate sacrifice. Peacekeeping depends on the invaluable contributions of troop and police contributing countries. We owe it to the personnel to ensure that they can carry out their duties safely. Emerging threats, including improvised explosive devices, or IEDs, drones, and mis- and disinformation, demand that peacekeepers be properly trained and equipped. In this regard, Japan contributes to the UN Triangular Partnership Program, or TPP, and is currently supporting trainings under its five pillars: engineering, medical, C4ISR, counter-IED, and telemedicine. In June of this year, Japan, together with Vietnam and Australia, co-chaired the TPP stakeholders workshop in Hanoi, which reaffirmed the value of this partnership and importance of strengthening the measurement of training impact and performance. Third, we must follow up the SG's review and implement the valuable recommendations contained therein. To this end, the Peacekeeping Ministerial provides an important platform for member states to translate shared commitments into concrete pledges. Following the review, the upcoming ministerial in Jakarta in 2027 will be a timely opportunity to discuss how UN peacekeeping operations can be made more focused, agile, and robust. Japan intends to contribute actively to this process. Moreover, the upcoming C-34 substantive session will provide another opportunity to discuss the review among Member States, the Secretariat, and the missions. Mr. Chair, this December marks the 70th anniversary of Japan's admission to the United Nations. Throughout these seven decades, Japan has consistently walked the path of a peace-loving nation and contributed to international peace and security through the United Nations. Upholding this path, Japan will continue to work closely with the Member States and the Secretariat to make UN peacekeeping more effective, sustainable, and responsive to the needs of the people I thank you, Mr.

Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of Japan. Ladies and gentlemen, we still have many Member States on the list of speakers.

I urge you and I urge everyone to deliver.

Abbreviated statements so that everyone will have a chance to deliver their national statement.

And of the Member States present today who have not specified whether or not they are ready to deliver their statements, we.

Ask you to kindly inform the Secretariat when you are ready so that we can plan accordingly. And with this, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Serbia.

You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Mr. Chair, Serbia remains firmly committed to maintaining international peace under the United Nations auspices and continues to strengthen its participation in peacekeeping operations. Participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations and in operations and missions under the European Union's Common Security and Defence Policy remains a key pillar of Serbia's foreign policy. According to United Nations Secretariat data, as of 31st of July of this year, Serbia ranked eighth among European troop and police contributing countries, after Italy, Spain, France, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Slovakia, and Germany, and 36th globally out of 114 contributing states. In per capita terms, Serbia ranked third among European contributing countries, after Ireland and Slovakia. These rankings reflect Serbia's substantial contribution to international peace and security, particularly in relation to its population and the size of its armed forces. Members of the Serbian Armed Forces serve in four United Nations peacekeeping operations, with the largest Serbian contingent comprising 168 personnel deployed to UNIFIL in Lebanon. Despite operating in a very complex and challenging environment, Serbian peacekeepers have demonstrated a high level of professionalism and commitment in carrying out assignments mandated by the Security Council. Tragically, two Serbian peacekeepers have lost their lives in the line of duty, including one in June this year. Serbia therefore strongly supports the UN Security Council Resolution 2823 of 2026, and its call for accountability for attacks against United Nations peacekeepers. Serbia condemns all attacks against United Nations peacekeepers and calls on host States to take all necessary measures, in cooperation with the United Nations, to investigate killings and other acts of violence against peacekeepers and bring those responsible to justice. In addition to United Nations peacekeeping operations, Serbia contributes significantly to European Union operations and missions within its Common Security and Defence Policy. By taking part in one operation and three missions, Serbia works alongside the European Union and its member states to strengthen their capacity to respond to crises and conflicts. Serbia's participation in the multinational force and observers on the Sinai Peninsula also demonstrates its readiness to contribute to international peace through bilateral and multilateral security arrangements. Alongside its contributions to United Nations peacekeeping operations by committing its military and police personnel, Serbia also supports the United Nations Secretariat in personnel training and capacity building by hosting courses and contributing to the Triangular Partnership Program. An important contributor and a credible partner, Serbia is fully aware of the challenges facing peacekeeping operations, including financial constraints and recurring liquidity crisis. In that context, my country welcomes and supports the efforts of the United Nations Secretariat aimed at reforming peacekeeping operations and enhancing their effectiveness. Serbia reaffirmed its support for the ongoing efforts to advance peacekeeping reform and secure the future of peacekeeping operations at the 2025 United Nations Peacekeeping Ministerial in Berlin. Serbia brings to these discussions the perspective of both a troop-contributing country and a host country of a United Nations peacekeeping operation, UNMIS. Serbia also welcomes the Secretary-General's efforts to review the future of all forms of United Nations peace operations in line with the commitments set out in the Pact for the Future. In discussions on the future of peacekeeping operations, Serbia attaches particular importance to the following priorities: First, ensuring that military and police personnel deployed to peacekeeping operations are adequately trained and equipped. This is essential for effective mandate implementation. Second, ensuring the safety and security of peacekeepers, adequate working conditions, and access to medical care, as well as accountability for against against them. At the same time, it is essential to uphold the highest standards of conduct and discipline and take all necessary measures to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse. Third, promoting cooperation with host countries on a wide range of issues, such as implementation of status of forces agreements and the renewal of peacekeeping mandates. To that effect, Serbia supports the practice of regular Security Council consultations with host and contributing countries. As the host country of UNMIS, Serbia insists on full and consistent respect for Security Council resolution 1244 of 1999 and on UNMIS’s continued engagement with an unchanged mandate and undiminished scope. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of host countries, as well as non-interference in their internal affairs, must remain central to peacekeeping operations. Fourth, ensuring respect for Security Council Resolution 2823 of 2026, which calls for accountability for crimes against peacekeepers, condemns all attacks against United Nations peacekeepers, and calls on host states to take all necessary measures in cooperation with the United Nations to investigate killings and all acts of violence against United Nations peacekeepers serving in peacekeeping operations. And fifth, supporting efforts to further enhance the meaningful participation of women in United Nations peacekeeping operations. In conclusion, Serbia pays tribute to all peacekeepers serving under the United Nations flag and expresses its sincere gratitude for their dedication and sacrifice in building peace and stability around the world, particularly under the current challenging circumstances. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Serbia.

And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

You have the floor.

In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. Mr. Chair, we honour the peacekeepers who gave their lives under the United Nations flag and extend our deepest sympathy to their families, loved ones, and countries. We associate ourselves with the statements delivered by Morocco and the Russian Federation on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and the Group of Friends in Defence of the Charter of the United Nations, respectively. Mr. Chair, distinguished colleagues, United Nations peacekeeping remains vital to international peace and security. The Islamic Republic of Iran supports the C-34 as the only UN forum mandated to review peacekeeping. We welcome the adoption of its 2026 report by consensus and reaffirm the importance of cooperation, dialogue, and consensus in its work. We take note of the Secretary-General's review on the future of all forms of UN peace operations. Follow-up must remain Member State-driven, transparent and inclusive, preserving the distinctions between PKOs, SPMs and non-UN peace enforcement operations. The respective responsibilities of different intergovernmental UN forums must be respected. All new peacekeeping proposals and recommendations must receive through consideration in the C-34. Neither the review nor the UNAT initiative should bypass competent intergovernmental processes or prejudge their outcomes. Iran supports adapting peacekeeping to evolving needs. Consent of the parties, impartiality, non-use of force, sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, and non-intervention must be upheld. Peacekeeping must not impose political solutions or external priorities. We remain concerned that liquidity-driven cuts may undermine mandate delivery and endanger peacekeepers and civilians. Efficiency must not come at the expense of operational effectiveness. We reject withholding contributions as means of pressuring the organization. Reconfiguration, drawdown, and transition must be guided by ground conditions, credible threat assessments, and mandates, not financial pressures alone. They must prevent security vacuums and conflict recurrence or escalation, uphold relevant UN resolutions, and strengthen the organization's role in advancing lasting political solutions. Reallocating programmatic functions requires competent intergovernmental consideration, alignment with national priorities, clear accountability, and adequate resources. Personnel generation and deployment must be inclusive, transparent, and merit-based. We call for equitable geographical representation, particularly in leadership and fair consideration of qualified contributions from unrepresented and underrepresented states. Effective use of pledges registered in PCRS requires timely information on mission requirements. All A4P priorities are equally important. Their implementation and any adjustments to priorities must proceed through transparent, inclusive, and membership-driven processes, in close consultation with Member States. We support full implementation of the zero-tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse, prompt investigations, accountability through competent jurisdictions, and victim support. Prevention, investigation, and victim support must continue during drawdowns and transitions. We condemn in the strongest terms all attacks against peacekeeping personnel and premises. Such attacks are unjustifiable. Perpetrators must be held accountable irrespective of nationality or status. All concerned parties must cooperate to end impunity and the C-34 must receive regular updates on investigations and judicial proceedings. New technologies must meet actual operational needs and be introduced and operationally deployed within frameworks developed only in consultation with member states, particularly host countries. Strategic communications and community engagement should counter misinformation, disinformation, and hate speech while ensuring the legitimate local concerns inform improvements in mission performance. The primary responsibility for protecting civilians rests with the host state. Peacekeeping must support political solutions. Neither civilian protection nor the promotion and protection of human rights should serve as a pretext for military intervention by the United Nations or foreign forces. To conclude, and building on service in seven missions and honoring our fallen personnel, Iran reaffirms its commitment to peacekeeping. Our pledges for two units are registered in PCRS. We remain ready to contribute personnel, logistical capabilities, training, and demining expertise, including through programs in Tehran in cooperation with relevant UN departments. Mr. Chair, the full text of this statement has been submitted. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran. I thank him for giving us more time for the general debate. Thank you. And now it is my pleasure to give the statement to the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Morocco.

Thank you, Chair, and distinguished colleagues. UN peacekeeping faces rising geopolitical tensions, complex conflicts, and severe financial constraints. Norway remains committed to an effective United Nations and to peacekeeping as a credible tool for international peace and security. Reform and modernization of UN peacekeeping is necessary to be relevant and effective in an ever-changing world. Chair. The Secretary-General's review on the future of all forms of United Nations peace operations provides an important basis for reform: more agile, tailored responses, clear political objectives, national ownership, and respect for the UN Charter and international law. In this context, mandates must be timely, realistic, prioritized, adequately resourced, and supported by host nation consent and agreements. Each mandate renewal should reassess what missions can achieve and adapt to conditions and the reality on the ground. Effective mandates also depend on strong, accountable leadership and timely appointments, in addition to integrated planning that connects peacekeeping, peacemaking, peacebuilding, and development from mission startup through transition. At the same time, financial constraints have real operational consequences. fewer patrols, reduced mobility, and less engagement with communities. Financial discipline is necessary, but efficiencies must not obscure reductions in operational capacity. Resources must match the mandates we ask missions to implement. Partnerships are equally important. Norway supports deeper cooperation with regional organizations where their comparative advantages strengthen legitimate and effective responses. As operational environments become increasingly challenging, the safety and security of peacekeepers and other UN personnel must remain a priority. Necessary resources for evacuation and medical treatment, in addition to counter-threat systems, must be available to UN peacekeepers and personnel. Those who threaten the safety and security of UN personnel must be held accountable. At the same time, Norway remains firmly committed to the Women, Peace and Security agenda. Women’s full, equal, meaningful and safe participation, and gender perspectives across mission activities are essential to effective operations and sustainable peace. Missions must also continue efforts to prevent and respond to conflict-related sexual violence. Finally, modernization must continue. Drones, mis- and disinformation, cyber threats, and artificial intelligence are reshaping operational environments. Missions need capabilities and technology to anticipate threats, protect personnel and civilians, and deliver effectively according to their mandates. Ultimately, peacekeeping must support political solutions and lasting peace. This is not the time to retreat, but to ensure peacekeeping remains relevant, realistic, and fit for the future. Mr. Chair, Norway pays tribute to the women and men in service with UN peacekeeping operations and honors those who have made the ultimate sacrifice. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Norway. You know, your country is always among the leading countries in the KPIs and indicators, and today you had the shortest statement, so thank you for that. And now I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Belgium. You have the floor.

Mr. Chair, Belgium. aligns itself with the statement delivered by the European Union, and we thank the Secretary General for the presentation of his report on the future of United Nations peace operations. This discussion falls at a crucial juncture, a time when the number of armed conflicts has achieved an unprecedented level. Since our first participation in the Kashmir operation in 1949, up until our recent contributions to MONUSCO and UNSO, my country has staunchly supported peacekeeping, convinced as we are that it is one of the most visible and invaluable tools that we have for collective action at the UN. But its usefulness hinges on a capacity to adapt it to the realities that we're facing today, starting with the liquidity crisis. We call upon all Member States to fully honour and do so in a timely fashion, their financial obligations. At the same time, we encourage the Secretariat to implement strategically the UN80-related reforms and to make the adjustments to the budget that are needed by preserving essential capacity of missions and their impact on the ground. As underscored by the report of the Secretary-General, Adaptation of peacekeeping operations needs to rely first and foremost on policy. No peace operation can replace the desire of relevant stakeholders to achieve a sustainable solution to the conflict. So peacekeeping operations cannot be viewed in isolation, but as components of a broader approach toward prevention and peace building. more targeted mandates, mandates that are better adapted to the realities of each context. These need to be coupled with clear political objectives too, with close cooperation with host countries. We also underscore the importance of a shared strategic vision with the Security Council, the Secretariat, host countries, and contributing countries in order to guarantee realistic and mandates that are adequately resourced. So we take note of the proposals aiming to provide more programmatic activities for agencies, UN agencies, funds, and programs, in particular in areas where they have recognized expertise through share, through equal sharing of responsibilities and stronger coordination. Excessive expectations that aren't adequately backed up by resources can undermine the credibility of missions and the capacity to yield results. The current reality has showed that PKOs can end abruptly and unpredictably. Transition strategies for an exit should be elaborated from the very earliest phases. Early preparation is essential to ensure the long-term nature of gains and to prevent the appearance of security gaps. We need to address drone attacks. We need to address cyber threats and information-related threats and IEDs as well. The future of PKOs also includes adapting force generation mechanisms and capacity and personnel. These must all be more flexible. The UN needs to more rapidly mobilize these specialized skills that it needs. Belgium will continue to contribute concretely to that through training, through logistics support, and through specialized capacity in the development of solutions such as telemedicine. We've also supported, and will continue to do so, the implementation of resolution 2719 and the building of partnerships with regional and subregional organizations, while respecting the comparative advantages of everyone and the UN's own added value. Mr. Chair, protection of civilians and the security of Blue Helmets must remain in the forefront of our efforts. Belgium defends accountability by and for peacekeepers. The safety of peacekeepers is an absolute priority. Attacks against UN personnel are unacceptable. Belgium calls for the full implementation of resolution 2823, and we underscore the importance of combating impunity and ensuring that perpetrators of crimes against blue helmets are held to account. In closing, the future of peacekeeping operations depends less on our capacity to preserve old models, but it's more about ensuring their value and adapting them to the realities of tomorrow. We need clear political objectives, realistic mandates, adequate resources, and shared responsibility among all stakeholders. These are the conditions for PKOs as an invaluable tool of collective action. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Belgium. And now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Republic of Timor-Leste. You now have the floor.

Mr. Chair, Timor-Leste aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of ASEAN and the Non-Alignment Movement. We welcome the report of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations and the Secretary-General's review of the future of United Nations peace operations. We pay tribute to all peacekeeping personnel and honour those who have lost their lives in their service of peace. Having benefited from United Nations peacekeeping and subsequently contributed personnel to peace operations, Timor-Leste appreciate both the value of international support and complexity of sustained peace. We recognize that every conflict present different circumstances and challenges. Mr. Chair, we wish to highlight three consideration. First, peacekeeping must remain anchored in political solution. Mission can facilitate dialogue, reduce tension, and protect civilians where mandated, but cannot indefinitely resolve the underlying causes of conflict. Political strategy and cooperation with host country must therefore remain central, consistent with the fundamental principles of peacekeeping and the United Nations Charter. Second, financial pressure must not absorb operational realities. Efficiency and accountability are important, but mandate must be matched by adequate personnel, equipment, and resources. Decision affecting operations should reflect security condition and consultation with troop and police contributing countries. Third, peacekeeping transitions require careful planning. A mission departure does not necessarily mean that underlying challenges have been resolved. Transition arrangements should reflect national capacity, political circumstances, and host country priorities, supported by cooperation with United Nations country teams, the Peacebuilding Commission, and relevant partners. Mr. Chair, as Member States consider the Secretary-General’s recommendation, Timor-Leste encourages political contacts, sensitive approach and cooperation with regional organizations according to their respective mandates. The question is not simply how peacekeeping can become more efficient or adaptable, but how to strengthen its ability to fulfil mandate and support sustainable peace. Mr. Chair, the full version of the speech is submitted to the Secretariat. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of Timor-Leste and thank you for giving everyone in the room the chance to fulfil their national statements sincerely. Thank you. And with that, I'd like to give the floor now to the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania.

Please, you have the floor.

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, I have the honor to speak on behalf of the United Republic of Tanzania. Tanzania aligns itself with the statement delivered by the distinguished representative of Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. Mr. Chair, Tanzania pays its highest tribute to all peacekeepers who have lost their lives in the service of peace. In particular, we honor the memory of our 71 gallant soldiers who paid the ultimate price while serving under the flag of the United Nations. They died so that others could live in peace. We remember them, we remember their families, and we honor the sacrifice. Mr. Chair, for nearly 30 years, Tanzania has participated actively in UN peacekeeping, and what began as a modest contribution has grown into one Africa's most consistent contributions in Liberia, UNAMID, MONUSCO, MINUSCA, UNMIS, UNISFA, and UNIFIL. Peacekeeping is not a foreign policy choice for us. It is part of who we are, a country that has hosted liberation movements, hosted refugees, and mediated peace in our region. Mr. Chair, peacekeeping remains the most effective, legitimate, and cost-effective tool the United Nations has to protect civilians, prevent relapse into conflict, and create space for political solutions. At a time when the world faces more conflicts than at any time since 1945, we need strong peacekeeping, not weaker peacekeeping. We need reform, not abandonment. But we must be honest: the peacekeeping of today is not the peacekeeping of 30 years ago. Our peacekeepers now face, first, asymmetric threats of terrorism, IEDs, and ambushes by armed groups. Second, misinformation and disinformation deliberately spread to turn population against peacekeepers. Third, new technologies, drones, and cyber attacks used by hostile actors. Fourth, climate-related threats and competition over scarce resources. And fifth, mandates that are ambitious but under-resourced and without clear political strategy. Our peacekeepers are asked to protect civilians where there is no peace to keep, to do more with less, and with greater risk. Mr. Chair, the future of peacekeeping must rest on five pillars: One, political primacy. No military solution to political problems. Missions must have clear, prioritized mandates. Two, protection of civilians. This must remain at the heart of peacekeeping, with better training, information, and technology. Three, partnerships. The future is partnership, especially between UN and the African Union in the spirit of Resolution 2719, with predictable and sustainable funding. Fourth, performance and accountability. Reform must be done in full consultation with troops and police contributing countries who bear the human cost. Five, safety of peacekeepers. We must strengthen protection, medical support, and counter-IED capabilities. An attack on a peacekeeper is an attack on the UN itself. Tanzania also stresses other critical issues, including adequate resources and equipment, quality training, more women in peacekeeping, welfare and mental health of peacekeepers, and timely reimbursement of troop-contributing countries. Mr. Chair, allow me to talk about the issue of utmost importance: conduct and discipline. Tanzania holds a firm position of zero tolerance for sexual exploitation and abuse, and for any form of misconduct. I am proud to inform this committee in the most formal terms that Tanzania is today recognized as the best practice in conduct and discipline in the United Nations peacekeeping. This recognition has been formally communicated to Tanzania by the United Nations Secretariat. The Secretariat has commended Tanzania for the comprehensive and sustained measures we have taken, that is, rigorous pre-deployment vetting and training, clear command responsibility, swift and transparent investigations of any allegations, and victim-centered support. As a result of these sustained efforts, Tanzania has achieved zero case of sexual exploitation and abuse in the deployed contingents. Zero case is not a coincidence. It is a result of deliberate leadership, political will, discipline, and the professionalism of our men and women in uniform. Tanzania will continue to maintain this standard and to share its experience with others, because the credibility of peacekeeping depends on the conduct of every single peacekeeper. In conclusion, Mr. Chair, Tanzania reaffirms its unwavering commitment to United Nations peacekeeping. We have served for nearly 30 years. We have lost 71 of our finest. We have learned, we have improved, and we remain ready to serve. I thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania. And now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. You now have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. It is an honor to speak on behalf of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in this important debate on UN peacekeeping. We would like to align ourselves to the statement delivered by the European Union earlier today. We meet at a pivotal moment. UN peacekeeping is operating in increasingly complex environments, marked by high levels of violence and threats against civilians, sharper geopolitical tensions, protracted conflicts, new technologies and autonomous weapon systems, as well as heightened risk for peacekeepers. At the same time, the demand for effective UN peace operations remains high, while the UN faces persistent liquidity constraints and growing pressure to do more with less. For the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the question is not whether UN peacekeeping still matters. It clearly does, in lives saved and space created for political solutions. The question is how we, collectively, as the UN, as countries, and with partners and communities, will ensure that peacekeeping remains impactful, effective, and sustainable in the years ahead. We remain strong supporters of the Secretary-General's Action for Peacekeeping and Action for Peace+, and we welcome the updated focus on impact. We also value the review of all forms of peace operations, and together, these can help us move forward towards clearer performance frameworks, more context-specific approaches, and a more coherent UN peace and security toolbox in both missions and non-mission settings. I would like to highlight three areas to focus for the Netherlands that revolve around the central notions of advancing protection. First, protection of civilians must remain central to both the design and implementation of relevant UN peacekeeping mandates. Missions tasked with a protection mandate require adequate resources, actionable intelligence, mobility, and the capabilities necessary to respond to threats swiftly and proportionally. This must be done in close dialogue with local communities and civil society organizations. The Netherlands' continued support for grassroots civil society and its investment in UN protection capabilities are driven precisely by this objective. Second, performance and accountability are inseparable from protection. UN peacekeeping performance and accountability focus on ensuring missions effectively fulfill their mandates, including the protection of civilians where mandated, while upholding high standards of conduct and operational efficiency. This is heavily driven by the Comprehensive Planning and Performance Assessment System, CPASS, which the Netherlands has supported. By regularly evaluating mission impact against the local context, this system enables data-informed decision-making and continuous improvement, allowing missions to better anticipate threats and track their effectiveness in protecting vulnerable populations. Third, the safety and security of UN peacekeepers is an essential prerequisite for the protection of civilians. By ensuring their own protection against hostile environments, accidents, and violence, peacekeepers gain the operational confidence and mobility to take the calculated risk necessary to execute their mandates. Conversely, a lack of security forces peacekeepers into a reactive posture, leaving vulnerable populations exposed. Therefore, attacks against peacekeepers and UN facilities must be treated as serious violations of international law and met with full accountability to preserve the credibility and efficacy of the mandates. The Netherlands is a strong advocate for accountability and respect for international law, and will continue to defend these priorities. Finally, together with Indonesia, the Kingdom of the Netherlands is proud to co-host the UN Peacekeeping Ministerial in Jakarta in the fourth quarter of 2027. On the road to Jakarta, we will work with all co-chairs of the UN Peacekeeping Ministerial process, the Member States of this Committee, and all other parties to advance our joint priorities towards our collective vision for the future of UN peacekeeping. I thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and now it is my pleasure to give the floor to the distinguished permanent representative of the sisterly Syrian Arab Republic. You now have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Mr. Chair, hosting a peacekeeping mission is perhaps one of the clearest indicators that a state has chosen stability and the prevention of escalation. the approach that Syria has chosen, because Syria fully recognizes its historical responsibility as a factor of security and stability in a region that has lacked such elements for decades. I would like to express Syria's appreciation to the international community for its continued support for the mandate of the UNDOF force, the 1974 disengagement agreement, and its recognition of Syria's commitment to international law and regional stability. Mr. Chair. As you know, much has changed in Syria during the past two years since its liberation. However, certain things have remained unchanged: our support for the UNDOF, our commitment to preserving stability in its area of operation, and our respect for the 1974 agreement, and our commitment not to relinquish the rights of our people or our right to sovereignty. As many of those present in this hall have acknowledged, Syria has demonstrated through both its words and deeds its commitment to de-escalation and constructive engagement with the international community. However, maintaining stability cannot be the responsibility of one party alone. Rather, that responsibility is even greater for those who take risks and show disregard for that stability. At a time when UNDOF continues to report violations of the 1974 agreement, When Israeli forces continue to establish and maintain new positions within Syria after the liberation, within the mission's area of operation, and at a time when Syrian local communities continue to be affected by measures including the abduction of Syrian civilians, the targeting of journalists, as we saw yesterday, and damage to agricultural lands, we appreciate the international community's voice getting louder and louder every day in opposition to these actions and violations. The international community has become aware that these actions are not merely isolated incidents on the ground, rather, they are practices that undermine arrangements established to prevent escalation, challenge the authority of the United Nations, and impose additional burdens on a mission whose core mandate is to preserve stability. The international community's position has been clear, and the reports of UNDOF have also been clear. What we need today is continued efforts to ensure respect for international law, adhere to existing agreements, and support for the mechanisms that prevent the return of tensions or the resurgence of conflict in a region that definitely does not need more conflict. Mr. Chair, we often speak in these meetings about returning to basics. Peacekeeping is always cited as one of these fundamentals. We also often say that successful UN missions deserve support. UNDOF continues to play an essential role in maintaining stability and reducing the risks of miscalculation in a highly sensitive area. Success should be strengthened, not weakened, and institutions that have proven their effectiveness should be preserved, not undermined, which is what Israel is doing on the ground. Mr. Chair, in conclusion, after years of suffering and instability, and in a region engulfed in turmoil, Syria has made a conscious and clear decision. We have chosen stability over escalation and diplomacy over confrontation, which, should it erupt, would bring the region nothing but greater tension and crisis. At the same time, we have not abandoned the legitimate and inalienable rights of the Syrian people. We have chosen to respect international law over chaos and uncertainty. We are grateful to the Member States that have supported Syria in this approach and raised their voices in support of Syria and when violations have occurred. Syria will continue to fulfill its responsibilities, and we look forward to seeing the international community continue to fulfill its responsibilities until the near day arrives when our words and your words find receptive ears. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic. And now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia. You now have the floor.

Mr. Chair, my delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered by Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and wishes to make the following remarks in its national capacity. We convene at a time when global peace and security face unprecedented fragmentation. Complex transnational conflicts non-state armed groups and advanced technologies necessitate more adaptive and effective peacekeeping instruments. For Ethiopia, peacekeeping is an enduring national legacy. Since our first deployments in the 1950s and the 1960s, thousands of Ethiopian men and women have proudly worn the blue helmet. We remain among the world's top troop-contributing countries serving in volatile conflict zones, with professionalism, discipline, and courage. Mr. Chair, Ethiopia outlines four critical strategic pillars to safeguard the future of multilateral peace operations. First, preserving foundational principles and mandate clarity. Ethiopia reaffirms the principles of host nation consent, impartiality, and the use of force except in self-defense. Peace operations must support inclusive political process. Second, securing sustainable financing. We urge the operationalization of strategic financial partnership to support African UN-led peace support operations, including through Security Council Resolution 2719. Third, strengthening personnel security and accountability. Safeguarding peacekeepers is both a moral imperative and an operational necessity. Ethiopia calls for a global commitment to eliminate accountability gaps for violence against UN personnel. Fourth, mainstreaming the Women, Peace, and Security agenda. Ethiopia continues to advance the Women, Peace, and Security agenda. Ethiopian women serve across peacekeeping operations, from frontline duties to strategic command positions, strengthening community trust, intelligence gathering, and civilian protection. In conclusion, Mr. Chair, Ethiopia honors the ultimate sacrifice of peacekeepers who have lost their lives in pursuit of global harmony. We reiterate our unwavering commitment to our partnership with the United Nations. Robust resources, predictable financing, and steadfast political support are indispensable to achieving lasting stability. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Ethiopia. I now am pleased to give the floor to Algeria. The floor is yours.

Thank you for giving me the floor at the outset. Please allow me to commend your successful stewardship of this committee. Please allow me to thank you and other bureau members, the Secretariat, and the interpreters. Thank you for your efforts. Thank you for responding to our request. In fact, I will deliver a brief statement at your request, and we will submit our full statement to the Secretariat.

Function today in a deteriorating global security environment, marked by multiplying, protracted, and increasingly deadly conflicts, where new technologies are transforming the conduct of warfare, and where selective application and double standards continue to steadily erode respect for international law. The human cost is borne first and foremost by civilians. while the prospects for political settlement are diminished. In this context, Algeria reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, to the peaceful settlement of disputes, respect for international law, and respect for the equal rights of peoples and the right to self-determination. Algeria thanks the Secretary-General for his report on the review on the future of all forms of UN peace operations. Obviously, the report marks not the end of the review, but the beginning of a new phase in which Member States and the Secretariat draw lessons from experiences on the ground and reflect on how international community, and particularly the Security Council, has fulfilled or failed to fulfill their responsibilities. In our view, Mr. Chair, these lessons point to four requirements. First, the safety and security of peacekeepers must remain an absolute priority, especially during active hostilities, mission reconfiguration, transition, and drawdown. Crime against peacekeepers must never go unpunished, and perpetrators must be held accountable. Second, peacekeeping can only succeed as an instrument of a genuine political solution, not a substitute for one. The primacy of politics must remain central, and the UN's strongest asset, impartiality, must be vigorously upheld. Third, the mandate's effectiveness depends not only on its wording, or the addition of tasks, technologies, or benchmarks, but first and foremost on the sustained and unified political support for its implementation. Fourth, while this review continues, the Security Council decisions regarding peacekeeping operations continue to directly impact lives and conflicts on the ground. Yet, as the report of the SG rightly recognizes, the Security Council still reflects the geopolitics realities of 1945 rather than today, highlighting therefore the necessity of its reform. Mr. Chair, the United Nation missions for the United Nation mission for the referendum in Western Sahara, MINURSO, clearly illustrates these lessons. MINURSO did not lack a clear end-state objective. Rather, its mandate was prevented from being fulfilled as persistent obstructions were not met with impartial and consistent Security Council responses. No peacekeeping operations can compensate for a lack of will, a political will, or selective application of international law. A mission cannot deliver when its mandate is obstructed and its freedom of action constrained while the party behind it is effectively shielded from accountability. To conclude, Mr. Chair, I would like to recall a fundamental truth stated recently by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on MINUS. First, and I quote, MINURSO was established to protect and serve the people of Western Sahara, particularly to allow them to realize their inalienable right to self-determination. Second, the departure of MINURSO does not abrogate the inalienable right of the people of Western Sahara to self-determination." End of quote. Thank you, Mr. Chair. I will stop here. Thank you.

I thank the distinguished representative of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Thank you for your genuine words for the Presidency, for the Secretariat, and the Bureau. This befits the friendly country of Algeria. Thank you for your brief statement, which will allow us to listen to further statements from other Member States, and now I will give the floor to the Kingdom of Morocco. The floor is yours.

Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Mr. Chairman, allow me to begin by congratulating you and the members of the Bureau for your excellent stewardship of our work. Furthermore, I take this opportunity to pay a tribute to all Blue Helmets who have paid the ultimate price to serve peace, we express our deep gratitude to the men and women serving under the banner of the UN, often in difficult and dangerous conditions. Mr. Chair, the commitment of the Kingdom of Morocco to peacekeeping operations in the UN is constant and unwavering. Since 1960, when we first deployed our contingent to the Congo, generations of Moroccan peacekeepers have served in several continents. Today, in accordance with the vision of His King Mohammed VI, may God assist him, Morocco has many peacekeepers deployed, and we are among the foremost peacekeepers, troop contributing countries in MINUSCO and MINUSMA. In addition to our experts serving in other areas, our contingents are recognized for their professionalism, their discipline, and their closeness with local communities. These are essential for the protection of civilians and to winning their trust. And every day, Morocco Blue Helmets are protecting civilians, providing medical assistance, helping widows and orphans, and rebuilding communities. These efforts have led to several Moroccans dying, and we will always remember them. In this regard, Morocco We thank the Secretary General for his report on the future of all peace operations in the UN, and we take note of his recommendations. The Kingdom of Morocco also thanks the Secretary General for the consultations with Member States on the development of the report, and we believe that the implementation of these recommendations need to take into account troop contributing countries and police contributing countries and host countries. Mandates of peace operations need to be clear and realistic and lockstep with realities and political developments on the ground, and they need to be adequately resourced. Mr. Chairman, the full, equal, and meaningful participation of women is a condition for the effectiveness of peace operations. We have a first plan of action on resolution 1325 that covers the period up until 2026. It aims at preventive diplomacy and peacekeeping operations, inter alia, fighting violent extremism, and ensuring the economic empowerment of women is part of that as well. We are continuing to step up the deployment of peace helmets – of blue helmets, rather, And, Mr. Chairman, as for the drawdown of MINUSO, my delegation is not going to respond to the allegations made by Algeria. We would like to recall that the blockade they mentioned is due to artificial relations that is providing weapons and diplomatic cover to separatist army. And this same country that's talking about self-determination in this body is refusing it when its own interests are under threat. They’re also refusing to allow the ICRC to conduct a census of the Tindof camp, which is called for in a historic Security Council resolution. Even more seriously, this country has delegated its responsibility in violation of international law, including international humanitarian law. Mr. Chairman, This is a fallacious narrative being advanced by this delegation. No one’s fooled by it. In October 2026, 11 members of the Security Council voted in favor of the relevant resolution that rolled over the mandate of the organization. And it – Mr. Chairman, for our part, And as was mentioned by the cabinet on the 30th of November, we reaffirm our staunch commitment to a ceasefire. This is a voluntary commitment that we remain fully commitment to the implementation of a ceasefire with strict ensuring of the territorial integrity of the Kingdom of Morocco. And we want to protect all civilians, especially those in the provinces of the south. We also reiterate our commitment to international principles and our political doctrine. We're committed to peacekeeping, and we also want to preserve the sovereignty of our kingdom, given all of the positive developments in our national cause. Mr. Chairman, Morocco has always ensured the safety and security of the personnel of MONUSO, and we will continue to fully cooperate with the United Nations through its National Coordination Office in order to ensure the orderly and secure withdrawal of the personnel and the equipment of the mission. Finally, Mr. Chairman, beyond the theater of operations, the work of Morocco is continuing. It’s a staunch commitment, belief that multilateralism and protection of territorial integrity of states, dialogue and solidarity among countries underpin peace operations. Under the leadership of Mohammed VI, we have continued our policy to contribute on the ground with the UN. We’re investing in partnerships. and we’re promoting the participation of women in peace and security. Morocco will continue to work together with Member States and the Secretariat to ensure that peacekeeping remains an effective tool serving sustainable political solutions. In closing, Morocco remains a reliable partner of the UN, and we are a contributor to peace on the African continent and beyond. I thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I thank the distinguished representative of the Kingdom of Morocco.

Make an appeal. We have three more speakers. If we can really do our best to deliver shorter versions of the statements to give everyone the chance to fulfill the And by the way, my evaluation as a Vice Chair in the Bureau is dependent on how much we finish the general debate today. So help me, please. And now it pleases me to give the floor to the distinguished representative of El Salvador, please.

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. El Salvador is grateful for holding this meeting and aligns itself with the statement made by the Kingdom of Morocco on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. Mr. Chairman, the Fourth Committee is deliberating on peacekeeping operations in a context of an increase in armed conflict, intensification of violence against civilians, and growing geopolitical tensions that test the capacity of the United Nations to preserve international peace and security. In this context, El Salvador strongly believes that these operations continue to be an essential tool. Their contribution to the prevention of violence, protection of civilians, and creating conditions for political solutions is essential. In many contexts, their presence represents a difference between life and death for populations threatened by conflicts. My country knows first-hand the value of these operations. Our national experience of transitions from armed conflict towards peace and our sustained commitment as a troop-contributing and police-contributing country reaffirms our strong conviction that peacekeeping is an essential investment in collective security. Mr. Chairman, the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations requires sustained political support. This is why the responsibility of the Security Council does not end with the authorization or renovation of mandates. Rather, it implies ensuring the necessary conditions for their implementation. The primacy of political solutions must guide our decisions. Operations cannot be a substitute for the will of the parties in the conflict, but neither can we demand results from them that the states and the member States’ decisions prevent them from achieving. Our commitment must be translated into coherent actions, realistic and mandates with priorities, sufficient resources, and sustained political support. These responsibilities must also guide decisions on reduction, reconfiguration, and withdrawal of missions, considering both conditions on the ground as well as geopolitical context. A premature withdrawal or insufficiently planned could reverse years of progress and leave civilian populations exposed to greater Mr. Chairman, the evolution of conflicts also requires strengthening coordination between the United Nations and other actors involved in international efforts at peace and security. In contexts where United Nations operations are deployed together with regional or multinational forces authorized by the Security Council, it is essential to establish clear delimitation of mandates and responsibilities, accompanied by effective mechanisms of strategic strategic and operational coordination. In this sphere, the support of the Secretariat is fundamental. The institutional experience and specialized knowledge accumulated by the United Nations constitute an invaluable resource to strengthen planning, generation of capacities, operational guidance and compliance with applicable international standards. Systematically taking advantage of this experience makes it possible to promote greater coherence among various instruments, preserving their operational and legal differences, and ensure their efforts contribute to common strategic policy. Mr. Chairman, the review on the future of peacekeeping operations offers an opportunity to deepen this reflection. we consider it necessary to continue examining its recommendations through an intergovernmental process that is substantive, that incorporates the perspectives of all Member States and, when applicable, an independent analysis, as was proposed during the initial consultations. In these efforts, we reaffirm the central role of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations, C-34, as the main intergovernmental forum for a comprehensive review of these operations. We welcome the consensus achieved during its last substantive of session and highlight the importance that its recommendations guide the debates on the future of peacekeeping. Mr. Chairman, current financial restrictions are an immediate challenge for the operational capacity of missions, while we recognize the importance of efficiency. This should be measured by the capacity to fulfill mandates and produce results, not merely by the level of budgetary reductions. We are particularly concerned that the reduction of personnel and critical capacities weaken mechanisms for the protection of civilians. Planning and reconfiguration of operations must consider comprehensively the risks of protection, preserving capacities of response, and avoiding financial that financial restrictions lead to greater threats for vulnerable populations. Mr. Chairman, as a country that contributes troops and police forces, El Salvador expresses this deep concern about the growing threats to deployed personnel, their security and protection must constitute an absolute priority, independently of where they are deployed. We categorically condemn attacks against peacekeeping personnel and reiterate the need to strengthen accountability, ensuring that such acts are duly investigated and ensure that those the perpetrators are brought to justice. Such actions cannot remain unpunished. Likewise, it is essential to strengthen strategic communication capacities to respond to disinformation and dissemination of false information that erode trust, compromise security of personnel, and complicate implementation of mandates. Mr. Chairman, El Salvador reaffirms its commitment to the implementation of the Women, Peace, and Security agenda, including the full, equal, and meaningful participation of women in SECURA, especially in operational and leadership roles. also reiterate our condemnation of sexual violence related to conflicts and the importance of having specialized capacities for their prevention and response, as well as effective mechanisms of monitoring and accountability, and approaches focused on victims and survivors. To conclude, Mr. Chairman, El Salvador pays tribute to the men and women who serve in peacekeeping operations, whose commitment and sacrifice reminds us that behind each mandate and each decision by this organization, there are human lives that deserve our protection and our deepest respect. To those who continue serving, to those who are confronting situations of extraordinary adversity, and to those who have given their lives in fulfilling their duty, we express our constant appreciation and our deepest gratitude. Thank you very much.

I thank the distinguished representative of El Salvador. We have the last two speakers. I really urge that you do your best in having short statements to give everyone the chance to conclude today. Thank you very much, and Tajikistan, you have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. The Republic of Tajikistan reaffirms its strong support for United Nations peacekeeping as an essential instrument for maintaining international peace and security. We pay tribute to the courage and dedication of peacekeeping personnel serving in challenging and dangerous conditions, and extend our deepest condolences to the families of those who have lost their lives in the line of duty. At a time of increasingly complex conflicts and financial constraints, strengthening the effectiveness of peacekeeping operations remains a critical priority. Tajikistan welcomes the adoption by consensus of the 2026 report of the Special Committee on Peacekeeping Operations. We emphasize the importance of clear, realistic, and achievable mandates supported by adequate resources and adapted to conditions on the ground. The fundamental principles of peacekeeping, consent of the parties, impartiality, and the non-use of force except in self-defense and defense of the mandate, must remain central to all operations. The safety and security of peacekeepers and the protections of civilians must remain key priorities. We condemn attacks against peacekeeping personnel, and stress the importance of accountability, operational readiness, and adequate training, particularly in addressing threats posed by land mines and improvised explosive devices. Mr. Chair, Tajikistan's commitment to peacekeeping is reflected in its particular contributions. Since 2008, Tajik personnel personnel have participated in the United Nations peacekeeping operations, including in Darfur, South Sudan, and the Abyei area. Our country has also developed valuable expertise in humanitarian demining and mine action. The National Mine Action Center in the region and The original training center for explosive ordinance disposal under the Ministry of Defense provides specialized training, including for personnel from other Central Asia countries. We believe this expertise can contribute to protecting civilians, ensuring safe humanitarian access, and supporting post-conflict recovery. Tajikistan's experience of national Reconciliation has demonstrated that listing peace require political dialogue, mutual trust, and willingness to compromise. This commitment to peaceful solution is also reflected in our relation with neighboring countries. So, through constructive negotiations, Tajikistan has resolved border issues with Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, creating new opportunities for regional stability and cooperation. This experience reinforces our belief that sustainable peace must be built through diplomacy, confidence building, and a nationally owned political process. Mr. Chair, Tajikistan remains committed committed to strengthening its cooperation with the United Nations and progressively expanding the participation of its military and law enforcement personnel in peacekeeping operations. We stand ready to work closely with the United Nations Secretariat to enhance national training capacities and prepare personnel in accordance with United Nations standards. We firmly believe that effective peacekeeping requires not only adequate resources and operational readiness, but also sustained political commitment and collective responsibility. Tajikistan will continue to make its constructive contribution to these shared objectives. I thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank the distinguished representative of Tajikistan.

Colleagues, I'm really sorry.

I do apologize. We will not be able to conclude the general debate today. I apologize for those delegations that came in hoping to speak at the end. Please do accept my sincere apologies, but to keep the practice and allow the rights of reply towards the end of the meeting as we are obliged to do so, so please do accept my apologies. We have heard the last speaker in the general debate under this agenda item for this meeting. We will hear the remaining speakers on Friday, 13th of November, after the conclusion of the debate under agenda item 47. The exercise of the right of reply has been requested. Delegations are reminded of the maximum of two interventions, with the first intervention limited to five minutes and the second intervention limited to three minutes. And now, I would call on the distinguished representative of Türkiye. You have the floor.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. I take the floor to respond to certain unfounded remarks made earlier concerning the Cyprus issue. The UN records clearly show that in response to the widespread and systematic attacks against the Turkish Cypriot people, The Security Council decided to deploy a peacekeeping force on the island in 1964. This alone demonstrate that the Cyprus issue did not originate in 1974, contrary to the misleading narrative often advanced by some. Despite the presence of UNFICYP, the attacks against the Turkish Cypriots continued between 1964 and 1974. The reasons that compelled Türkiye as a guarantor power to undertake its intervention in 1974 in accordance with the Treaty of Guarantee of 1960 are well known and truly documented. These include the 11-year-long atrocities targeting the Turkish Cypriots, the destruction of the partnership state by the Greek Cypriot side, and the coup d'etat of 15th of July, 1974. It was Turkey's intervention that prevented further violence and safeguarded the Turkish Cypriot people. The baseless allegations raised by a previous speaker would be duly addressed by their counterpart, the Office of the Turkish Cypriot Representative, which regrettably remains absent from this discussion due to the continued unlawful occupation of their seats. Thank you for your time with this matter.

I thank Türkiye, and now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cyprus. You have five minutes.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. I'm obliged to exercise the right of reply in respect to the unacceptable statement and the groundless allegations made just now by the Turkish delegation and also in their statement. My delegation rejects these allegations in toto. It is indeed a political paradox and an irony, Turkey to be presenting its candidature for the position of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, and at the same time, in this debate, to refuse to recognize Cyprus as sovereign member state of the United Nations and host state of UNFICYP, and refusing to abide with the Security Council resolution of this very own organization it wishes to lead. Allow me to reiterate that international community has no doubts. The Republic of Cyprus is a member state of the United Nations and the only recognized state on the island of Cyprus under international law and Security Council Resolutions 541 and 550, in which the Security Council calls upon all states to respect the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus. In relation to UNFICYP, I would like to remind that the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus was established pursuant to Security Council Resolution 186 of 1964, with the consent of the Government of Cyprus, to prevent the occurrence of fighting as well as to contribute to the maintenance and restoration of law and order and to facilitate a return to normal conditions. UNFICIP mandate was expanded following the Turkish illegal military invasion in 1974 to include observance of the ceasefire and maintenance of the military status quo, including the supervision of the buffer area between the ceasefire lines, as well as to carry out humanitarian functions. It is both regrettable and provocative that Türkiye continues its attempts to distort historical reality, especially with respect to its invasion of Cyprus in 1974 and its ongoing illegal occupation, continuing to express a position that blatantly contradicts Security Council resolutions and is inconsistent with international law and the UN Charter. I must refute the claims made here today regarding the Treaty of Guarantees. Nothing in this treaty can be construed as allowing or legitimizing the use of force by one state against another. That would be a violation of the UN Charter, which clearly prescribes the circumstances and conditions under which the Security Council can authorize the use of force, as well as the principle that legal consequences exist in respect of the validity of treaties that are in conflict with peremptory norms of general international law. Allow me to say, Mr. Chair, that respecting all delegations today, my delegation is not intending to take the floor again on this matter, and I want this to be known. Thank you so much.

Thank you. Thank you. And now, I have a request. Okay. I'd like to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. Thank you for giving me the floor and the exercise of a right of reply following the comments made by the distinguished colleague from the Moroccan delegation. I should also thank him for making so delicate remarks, and he did it directly and with precision, although in my statement I didn't mention the name of any party, but he recognized Morocco in my statement. It says a lot. It says a lot about the mindset. It says a lot about the facts. Facts, Mr. Chair, very simple. Morocco has obstructed MINUSO from carrying its full mandate. and a full, blatant violation of international law, UN Security Council resolution, and its own obligations and commitment. Let me remind my distinguished colleague that both Morocco and the Fronte Polisario agreed to the UN-OAU settlement plan. which led the Security Council to adopt its resolution 690 in 1991 that established MINUSO with a clear mandate: first, monitor a ceasefire; second, identify eligible voters; third, and this is the most important point, holding a referendum that would guarantee to the Sahrawi people the exercise of their rights to self-determination. And the agreement was very clear. The choice was between independence and the integration in the Kingdom of Morocco. Morocco, of course, accepted. He cannot reject this fact. They accepted, and they joined this agreement, and they gave their word. But from the moment the process began, Morocco worked hardly and actively to dismantle the framework they have themselves accepted. And the practice, this are not like blind accusation. I have a list of clear violations of commitments, and they are not coming from Algeria. They are enshrined in the periodic Secretary General reports to the SG. Due to the time constraint, I cannot list every violation, but it goes from presenting in order to inundate the list of the voter list that have been identified by the identification commission that was part of the MINUSO and openly challenging the impartiality and objectivity of this identification commission, and then refusing, blatantly refusing to participate in the identification sessions. But the ultimate truth is enshrined in the report of the Secretary General. The reference is S/2003/1016, paragraph 26. the SG noted, Morocco's central objection to the holding of the referendum was simply that independence remain one of the ballot. This is reality. This is history. They cannot escape from this. So the question for the Moroccan delegation, why not simply admit a fundamental truth? You violated your own commitment and obligation, and international law, and all subsequent resolution of the Security Council. Your rejection, you are rejecting or rejected democratic choices, and you denied the people of Western Sahara the right to self-determination whenever the outcome cannot be predetermined in advance. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

I thank Algeria, and now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco. You have five minutes, please.

Thank you, Mr. Chairperson, for giving the Moroccan delegation the floor in this exercise for the right of reply to the comments held by the distinguished representative of Algeria. And to the comment that's been directed to me and the question posed, I would simply answer by stating that he could count on Morocco's frankness and clarity. We are explicit diplomacy, if you will, and when we see a problem, when we see an issue, we call it on, we shed light on it. And we do not hide behind insinuations or by attempting to read between the lines. So the statement that the Kingdom of Morocco had just made was in response to certain fallacious elements that were brought forth by the distinguished representative of Algeria regarding a so-called obstruction to the functioning of the mission. And to this, I shall also respond, Mr. Chairperson, if you allow me, regarding the referendum. Yes, Morocco did agree to the settlement, but the referendum was not feasible. It was not a possibility. And it is not the Kingdom of Morocco that rejected the referendum. It is rather the international community, through official statements of Secretary-Generals, It is the international community, through Security Council resolutions, that did not refer to it in the last 20 years. And I would call the attention of this distinguished assembly to the latest report of the strategic review on MINURSO, clearly specifying that the tasks in relation to the referendum were not conducted in the last two decades. So this is not Morocco rejecting it, it's rather the international community. And if you allow me, Mr. Chairperson, having answered to this, I would like to pursue my statement in French to shed some further light on certain fallacious elements that were brought forth by Algeria that my delegation rejects.

Today, Mr. Chair, the delegation of Algeria revealed themselves on these issues. I simply want to recall that the mandate of MONUSO was not renewed because of a blockade or a veto. Quite the contrary, 11 members of the Security Council, that is an overwhelming majority, supported a draft resolution that set out a political solution grounded in the Moroccan sovereignty autonomy initiative, and which also calls for recording the population in the Tindouf camp. That's exactly what Algeria can't accept. Between a solution that is escaping and a mission that is being closed, they would rather have a veto and save face. And so, Chairman, let's not cry crocodile tears. Algeria is speaking of self-determination. Again, do we have to know whose self-determination is at issue? Those people that are obstinately refusing it to others, or some people that are claiming territory or that are invoking on behalf of people that have been imprisoned on their own space and without a freedom of movement or the right to choose anything? According to Algeria, self-determination is a variable geometry with one motto, which is "Do as I say, but not do as I do." So this double standard doesn't fool anyone. Once more, Mr. Chairman, allow me to say that with regard to... I want to say that Moroccan Sahara belongs to us by law and by choice, and those that have chosen it as their fatherland. I thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I thank the distinguished representative of Morocco. The Committee has thus concluded this stage of its consideration of agenda item.

Yeah.

See, now I'm speaking fast for the interpreters. The Committee will reconvene tomorrow, Wednesday, 11 November, at 10:00 AM in this conference room to commence its consideration of agenda item 50, entitled Comprehensive review of special political missions. Delegations are reminded that the deadline for inscribing in the list of speakers on agenda item 50 is today at 6:00 PM. Delegations are also reminded that the deadline for the submissions of proposals on agenda item 47 and 48 is today as well at 6:00 PM. Before I conclude, you know, our interpreters graciously gave us more time than we asked. Thank you so much. I have no words to thank you except in saying shukran, thank you, shé shé, merci, spasiiba, and gracias. Thank you. The meeting is adjourned.