22nd Meeting - 60th Session of Human Rights Council

Your Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, I call to order the 22nd meeting of the 60th session of the Human Rights Council. A very good morning, everyone. I know that we had to get up a bit early this morning and there aren't very many of us in the room, but we are going to continue the interactive dialogue, the enhanced interactive dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner on the human rights situation in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. We will continue the list of speakers for States, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cambodia.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation took note of the High Commissioner's report on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Cambodia encourages the DPRK to continue advancing its cooperation and engagement with relevant stakeholders, particularly with the United Nations body and mechanisms, in a spirit of mutual respect, constructive dialogue, and equality in order to promote human rights. Cambodia maintains that all country mandates should be established on the foundation of consent and cooperation with the country under review, and that direct communication with country concern is significant in ensuring objective assessment based on the entire truth on the ground. We also believe that the credibility and impact of human rights mechanisms depend on a balanced approach grounded in universality, objectivity, and impartiality, while fully respecting the principles of sovereign equality, territorial integrity, and noninterference, as outlined in the United Nations Charter. I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Kingdom.

The UK is grateful for the High Commissioner's report, which draws attention to the DPRK's continued widespread and systematic violations of human rights. We are also grateful for the bravery of the 314 victims and witnesses who provided information to his office. As the report makes clear, there has been no improvement in the human rights situation in the DPRK since 2014. If anything, it has got worse. The death penalty is being implemented for a wider range of acts, including the sharing of foreign media. There is more pervasive surveillance and an increased use of forced labour. As the High Commissioner has pointed out, the DPRK's current extreme isolation is a major barrier to improving human rights. The UK believes that diplomacy and negotiation are the best way to secure peace on the Korean Peninsula and to improve the lives of North Koreans. The UK urges the DPRK to engage meaningfully and constructively with the international community, to take tangible steps to improve its human rights record, and to allow UN human rights mechanisms unhindered access to the country in order to support permanent improvements for the people of the DPRK. To the Office of the High Commissioner, how will you work with Member States to ensure they uphold the principle of non-refoulement of individuals to the DPRK? Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Burundi.

Thank you, President. We thank the office for the report. We believe that there must be constructive cooperation and constructive dialogue between states, and that must be the basis for our work. Specific country-based mandates without the consent of the country concerns violate the principles enshrined in the United Nations. The DPRK government aims to protect and promote the human rights of their people throughout their territory. and we see cooperation with the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms. We also welcome the adoption and implementation of local development initiatives, ensuring that everyone in the country can enjoy a prosperous life. We support the government's initiatives to consolidate human rights and the well-being of their people, and we Reaffirm that states have. To promote and protect human rights. Thank you.

Thank you.

We'll continue with. List of speakers from. Organizations. We'll give the floor to the database. For a video statement.

Commend the High Commissioner's ten-year assessment report and urge UN member states to act on its recommendations. Over the past decade, the DPRK has sealed its borders, criminalized. communication and systematically denied its people their right to information and contact with the outside world, in flagrant violation of international human rights law. The findings of the High Commissioner's latest report confirm that repression has deepened and victims have remained without justice or remedy. In recent years, the DPRK has also actively contributed to blatant violations of international law by deploying its soldiers to fight in Russia's war against Ukraine. A domestic human rights crisis has now evolved into a broader threat to international peace and security, one that this Council cannot afford to ignore. Mr. President, 10 years ago, the Commission of Inquiry's report on human rights in the DPRK was monumental. It provided undeniable evidence of crimes against humanity and placed the plight of the North Korean people firmly on the international agenda. Yet today, that momentum requires new impetus. We therefore call for renewed commitment and support to truth and justice for victims of human rights violations in North Korea, both judicial measures and non-judicial mechanisms, including memorialization, truth-telling, and psychosocial support. The victims cannot wait another decade for justice. Their rights and dignity must be upheld. Their suffering must be neither forgotten or ignored. Thank.

You.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the Christian Solidarity Worldwide also for a video statement.

We welcome the report of the High Commissioner. Grave and widespread violations of the right to freedom of religion or belief continue in the DPRK, and any DPRK citizen who expresses an opinion or belief outside the state ideology faces severe punishment, including imprisonment, torture, and even execution under the anti-reactionary and thought law. We call on the DPRK to uphold and respect the right to freedom of religion or belief and to release all persons currently detained in prison camps immediately and unconditionally. We also call on China to adhere to international obligations with regards to refugees, ensuring that those who flee the DPRK are protected. Citizens who escape to China risk forcible repatriation, which contravenes China's obligations under international refugee law. Repatriated individuals found to have had contact with Christians are known to face particularly harsh punishment. DPRK government-backed hackers have stolen more than $1.5 billion in cryptocurrencies this year alone. We call for greater sophisticated financial sanctions aimed at targeting and seizing digital assets, as they're being increasingly used to sidestep existing sanctions and fund the Kim regime. CSW is deeply concerned by excessive domestic military spending and the confirmation of North Korean soldiers fighting in Russia's legal war in Ukraine. Such actions must be condemned and greater effort made to block continued arms transfers by the DPRK to Russia. We call on all members of the international community to act on the recommendations of the COI, Special Rapporteur and High Commissioner to refer the DPRK situation to the International Criminal Court and ensure human rights concerns are consistently raised at every opportunity.

Thank you.

I give the floor to Human Rights Watch.

We thank the High Commissioner for his comprehensive report spotlighting the worsening human rights situation in the DPRK. Over the past decade, the government has started control of virtually every aspect of people's lives, pervasive surveillance, indoctrination, and severe punishment for economic crimes, and watching authorized media. As DAC Commissioner said, we witnessed the last decade on rights. The DPRK expanded its use of public executions during the COVID-19 pandemic and use of the death penalty, including for human trafficking, *********** drug-related crimes, and distribution of unauthorized media. Economic, social, and cultural rights have also deteriorated. State policies restricting movement and markets combined with self-imposed isolation since 2020 have exacerbated hunger, a constant feature of many North Korean lives in the past decade. Meanwhile, most of the 2014 Commission of Inquiry recommendations remain unimplemented. Civil society groups outside the country are crucial in exposing these violations, enabling the High Commission and concerned government to respond. Yet many are now struggling due to the recent government funding cuts. We urge member states to advance justice and accountability, including through referral to the ICC and strengthening UN documentation for future accountability processes. Ensure no refu- more of escapees from the country, increase financial and political support for North Korean civil society groups abroad, ensure all engagement with the DPRK integrates human rights concerns. Inaction is unexcusable. States need to work together to press the DPRK government to end the suffocating restrictions and systemic anger it imposes on its people. Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to Center for Global Nonkilling.

Dear human beings, dear populations of the Earth and Korea, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, everyone, everywhere, greetings of peaceful human rights. Peace is mandatory. Peace is mandatory because of the conscience of humanity, for our future history, and for the dignity of every person. Peace is mandatory since the inception of the United Nations Charter 80 years ago, because of the spirit of the Charter, Article 2, 26, 33, and so forth. Peace operation and self-defense should only be the exception, rare, not the norm. Peace is mandatory because it is almost costless. Peace can be considered mandatory because of Article 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and peace can be considered mandatory because of the 1953 Armistice Agreement ending the Korean War, which calls for a peace conference and a political solution for the Korean Peninsula. For the sake of the people and of peace, we call on the signatories of the Armistice, the United Nations, and the co-heirs to revive the spirit of the Armistice and to convene the proposed peace conference. Every life counts. May peace prevail.

Thank you, President.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the United Nations Watch.

Mr. President, Last week, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights released a 10-year assessment on the DPRK following the 2014 UN Commission of Inquiry that described it as a state without parallel. The report's conclusion is devastating. No other population is under such restrictions in today's world. Political prison camps still operate. Public executions continue, including those who watch K-dramas. Families, including my own, are denied even a phone call or Zoom access as the darkest nation blocks internet access, forced labor expands, starvation persists with 40% of the population undernourished. Meanwhile, munitions and troops are sent to support Russia's illegal war against Ukraine, and China continues to forcibly repatriate North Korean escapees, sending them to gulags, torture, even executions. I'm among the few who survived through multiple escapes and imprisonment in China and North Korea, DPRK, before finally settling in the UK. I have seen public executions, prisoners dying under torture, and children starving to death. Those are not history, they are happening today. So I ask, Mr. President, how many more years must my people endure suffering, persecution, and injustice under such oppressive rule when it has already lasted for over 75 years? I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to Engineer Dumont for a joint statement.

Thank you, Mr. President. We are deeply alarmed by today's report on human rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Last year, the DPRK's delegate claimed legislative changes aimed at correcting unjust trial practices. But make no mistake, with 99% of political cases resulting in convictions, the people of the DPRK are not receiving fair trials. Once they are sentenced, they face years of torment in labor camps. Survivors of these camps describe 15-hour workdays, starvation, torture, and rape. In the harshest facilities, annual death rates have reached up to 25%. These prisoners are not only robbed of human rights, they are seen as subhuman. Today, the DPRK's propensity for human rights has extended its way past the country's borders. Its, quote, special alliance of trust and friendship with Russia has allowed both countries to disregard international law. By supplying 1.2 million artillery shells and at least 11,000 troops since 2023, the DPRK is enabling Russia's war in Ukraine and prolonging the suffering of civilians. This alliance forms part of a troubling trend of collaboration between Russia, DPRK, and the Islamic Republic of Iran, in which they trample international law and then shield each other from the consequences. We ask this Council, when will you take action for the victims of the DPRK's abuses, both within and beyond its borders? I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the International Bar Association for a video statement.

Bari is deeply concerned by the entrenched system of state-organized forced labor in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, which the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights clearly highlights in their latest report. Thousands of people are routinely compelled to work long hours in agriculture, construction, and manufacturing under the guise of voluntary mobilization campaigns. Particularly troubling are the reports on orphans and street children who, without family protection, are forced to be placed in state-run facilities such as farms or mines, where they work in dangerous conditions with little or no pay and with a high risk of death. These practices amount to contemporary forms of slavery. They are incompatible with the DPRK's obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention. IBARHI is also alarmed by credible evidence that DPRK nationals, including minors, are sent abroad under coercive arrangements in sectors such as fishing, hospitality and construction, with wages diverted to the regime. This Council cannot ignore such abuses. We urge Member States to establish regular reporting and dedicated debates on forced labour and the exploitation of children in the DPRK, building on the High Commissioner's findings. Strengthen independent monitoring and transparency mechanisms on DPRK labour exports and its links to global supply chains. back measures that guarantee survivors and their families can safely provide testimony and take part in decision-making on matters that impact their lives; implement all recommendations from the High Commissioner's report and the 2014 report of the Commission of Inquiry.

Thank you. I give the floor to Amnesty International.

Mr. President, Amnesty International welcomes the High Commissioner's report. A decade after the conclusion of the COI's work, many of its concerns remain unresolved. Political prison camps are still in operation, with detainees enduring inhumane and extremely harsh conditions. Reports of torture and other ill treatment, arbitrary detention, and enforced disappearances persist. Despite greater visibility on the diplomatic stage, the DPRK remains, for the vast majority of its people, sealed off from the world. Borders are tightly controlled, and permission to leave is granted only in the rarest cases. Severe restrictions on freedom of expression, including access to information, have left people cut off from the wider world. The Internet is not available to the general population. Amnesty International shares the High Commissioner's assessment that the DPRK's extreme isolation represents an anomaly. Mr. President, the presentation of this report not only reinforces longstanding concerns and the need for ongoing attention to them by this Council, it should also reinvigorate efforts to identify a way forward. Sustained international engagement, credible processes for evidence gathering and accountability, and a victim-centered approach are all essential. The OHCHR Seoul Office plays a vital role in this work, and it must receive the Council's full support. We urge DPRK to uphold its international human rights obligations, to engage genuinely with UN mechanisms, and grant full and unfettered access to UN human rights experts and mechanisms, including the High Commissioner and the Special Rapporteur. Thank you.

Merci.

Thank you.

This was the last speaker on my list, and I now give the floor to our speakers for their concluding remarks. You have three minutes each, and I give the floor to Ms. Yossi Ming for a video message.

Listening to my story, I know what I have shared may feel heavy and painful, for I am not here only to speak of our suffering. I'm here because I believe in hope. Hope is not just a feeling. Hope is action. When you listen, when you speak up, when you stand with the oppressed, that is how hope becomes real. The people of DPRK may never hear your voice directly, but when the world does not turn away, the message will still reach them. every resolution, every campaign, every word of the solidarity matters. I am only one young woman who escaped, but together, all of you have the power to make freedom possible for millions. Please keep speaking, keep defending human rights, and keep believing in change. The day DPRK finds freedom will not only be the joy of my family, but the miracle created by all of us together. Thank you. Yesterday, I listened to other countries talk about the report, and it made me very sad. Some said the report was long, and others asked for fairness. Listening to this, made me think deeply about how we face the truth. It is natural for humans not to believe something they have not seen with their own eyes. That is not wrong, but real problem happens when we hear the truth, know the facts, and still choose to ignore them. At that moment, we need to check our own hearts and think carefully. I want to speak to those who do not believe the report. Today, it may seem like someone else's problem, but tomorrow, it could be your own. If we close our eyes to the truth, it will come by us as more suffering. That is why I ask you, do not ignore the truth. Listen to the voice of people who are suffering. This is not only a matter of conscience, but also our duty to future generations.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I now give the floor to Elizabeth Salmon, also for a video message.

Your Excellencies, distinguished delegates and representatives of civil society, after having listened to your contributions, in the short time I have available, I would like to highlight two important ideas. First of all, I fully agree with all of those that have requested a dialogue with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. It is, in fact, a matter for the state to guarantee, protect and promote the human rights of all persons that fall within their jurisdiction. And this being so, we would ask the DPRK to fully comply with these requirements and to work with the international community in order to meet the humanitarian needs of the people, food, education, drinking water, amongst many others. but also to meet the request for justice of the population and ensure that there is an immediate improvement in terms of access to rights. This means that we must have independent monitoring mechanisms on the ground in the country, ensuring that UN teams are allowed access and ensuring that diplomatic and humanitarian teams are in place. We must also emphasize that dialogue and all of this cannot be done without a great effort. Any effort to reach out to the DPRK must be welcome, and we must seize every opportunity to do this, for example, at the forthcoming meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Forum, which will be held in the Republic of Korea shortly. But this dialogue must be held ensuring that human rights are at the heart of all conversations. Not to do this will not just not yield positive results, it will also leave by the wayside fundamental legal and ethical considerations. As Ms. Meng said yesterday, we mustn't forget the people of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The people have an ardent wish for a better future, and it is for them that we must strive. This is the only possible approach that we must have if we are seeking peace which is truly fair and sustainable.

Thank you.

Thank you. I'd now like to invite the Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights to make her concluding remarks.

Excellencies, distinguished delegates and representatives of civil society, thank you for these thoughts and reflections on the report of the High Commissioner, and most of all to our panelists for their very powerful testimonies and messages. The human rights The situation in the country is extremely concerning, as we have heard. However, I want to emphasize change is possible. We have documented nominal improvements in the treatment of people in detention facilities, new laws that, if implemented, could strengthen fair trial guarantees. The government has also been engaging with the international human rights system and with my office on human rights training. All of these efforts are steps in the right direction, and this is where our focus should shift. Some delegations raised the issue of the impact of sanctions on human rights in the DPRK. And let me be clear, the High Commissioner has explicitly expressed concerns with sanctions that negatively impact the enjoyment of human rights, particularly the rights to food and health. Member states implementing sanctions continue to have human rights obligations under international law, particularly in relation of the provisions under the ICESCR. The High Commissioner has also urged the DPRK to provide access to UN agencies in order to provide adequate and credible data and other evidence to enable an accurate analysis of the human rights and humanitarian impact of sanctions. One of the key messages of the report is the extreme isolation of the country and the need to open up and engage to improve the human rights situation. One crucial step would be to allow the United Nations and other international organizations to resume their operations in the DPRK, giving them access to reliable data and moving ahead with the development of a new UN strategic partnership framework for cooperation. Member states with presence in the DPRK and other influential states can encourage the government to engage with the international community on human rights. And people-to-people contact could also foster dialogue and cooperation. The report lists a number of other steps to bring the people of DPRK into contact with the outside world, including access to information and the resumption of contacts with family members abroad. More specifically, the High Commissioner has urged the DPRK to expand its engagement with the UN human rights mechanisms and with this Office. OHCHR indeed prioritizes engagement with DPRK, and we are taking every opportunity to engage with State officials, including in the context of the recent UPR and periodic review by the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Mr. President, faced with such a chronic situation, a number of delegations asked what concrete actions can be pursued to improve the human rights for people in the DPRK. The High Commissioner has specified immediate steps in this regard to take, to build momentum and foster credibility. For the international community, a dual approach of engagement on the one hand, while we pursue efforts toward accountability, offers the most promising way forward. On engagement, states with influence and diplomatic presence in the DPRK, as I said, have a special role. States can support accountability, both judicial and non-judicial, in many ways, including national judicial processes based on universal jurisdiction, supporting a referral of the situation to the ICC, and realizing the rights of victims resident on their territories. The international community needs to make improvement of human rights central to efforts to secure peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, including on the issue of sanctions, as I mentioned earlier. States must scrupulously observe the principle of non-refoulement and not forcibly repatriate DPRK citizens. They have suffered years of repression, and the international community has an obligation to protect them. Finally, states can support the work of our office in monitoring and reporting on the situation, collecting information and evidence for accountability purposes, and providing technical assistance to DPRK. No other international actor plays this role. I think together we must work harder to ensure that in 10 years from now, we are not talking of yet another lost decade for the people of the DPRK. Thank you.

Thank you very much. This brings us to the end of our enhanced interactive dialogue. I wish to express my thanks to Madam Deputy High Commissioner and to all other speakers for their contributions. Excellencies, colleagues, we're now going to listen to the oral update of the Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic.

I have the honour.

To welcome the members of the Commission, Mr. Paulo Sergio Pinheiro, and I give you the floor, sir.

Thank you, President, Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, distinguished friends.

Tasked with presenting our assessment on the Syrian Arab Republic. At the same time, I cannot ignore that one of our colleagues, Francesca Albanese, Special Rapporteur on the Palestinian Occupied Territories, is facing serious reprisals for fulfilling the very same duty entrusted on us by the Human Rights Council here. And what is this task? Inform the world on the situation of human rights. Our collective endeavor exists precisely to promote more debate on human rights, not less debate on human rights. Mr. President, excellent of brutal dictatorship. Nine months ago, a wave of renewed aspirations for peace and justice swept Syria. During our visit last week, we observed that these hopes continue to be very much present for many, though outbursts of violence against civilians in parts of the country are sources of grave concern. In Damascus, with the entering government officials, we discussed the potential of the ongoing political and institutional transformation to enhance the respect and protection of human rights for all Syrians. We also took to them our concerns regarding renewed violence and challenges to the enjoyment of human rights that require concrete steps to address, as set out in the recommendations of our latest report. The Minister of Justice assured us that every effort was being made to guarantee that arrests taking place in Syria are happening with judicial oversight and that detainees have access to their families and lawyers. Of course, an assurance we are pleased to receive and on which we will follow up very closely. In this regard, We reiterate our long standing recommendation for a moratorium on the implementation of death penalty with a view towards full abolition. We also met with the new National Authority on Missing Persons and members of the Transitional Justice Authority. We stressed the importance of ensuring that the families who have tirelessly searched for their loving ones are central to this process as active participants. Syria's future depends on integrating all its regions and communities in a unified, secure, rights-respecting state. This requires a political and security environment sufficiently stable for the root causes of grievance and violations to be addressed, to build robust, accountable, and transparent governance, and guarantee of no repetition. The human rights situation in Syria, while vastly different from the systematic violations of the Assad era, is nonetheless dire. Last month, we released a report documenting attacks on the Alawite community since January 2025, peaking with the widespread and systematic killing of more than 1,400 men, women, and children in just a few days in March across Latakia, Tartus, and Hama governorates, including by members of the interim government's security forces. Such acts, which may amount to war crimes, call for decisive protection, accountability, and compensation for victims and affected communities by the state authorities. We noted that the interim authorities encouraging settlements last week regarding holding those responsible for the crimes committed in March accountable and look forward to additional transparent and visible action in that regard. All individuals held in state custody for suspected violations of international human rights or domestic law must be held in a dignified manner and brought promptly before impartial tribunals with guarantees of fair trial. Our report proposed several recommendations, which the foreign minister encouragingly indicated will serve as a roadmap for the government. Concerted efforts are needed to restore protection, ensure well-trained law enforcement, and no repetition. This is urgent. We continue to receive reports of ongoing killings, arbitrary arrests, and detention of members of the Alawite community, as well as the confiscation and occupation of the property of those fled. the March violence. Other areas are also impacted. In August, another group evicted many Alawite residents in Damascus suburb of Sumaria, claiming they held eviction orders on behalf of the state, with reports of abductions, beatings, and ill treatment of civilians amidst sectarian insults. We call on the inter-authorities to urgently address the underlying causes of violence, prevent the recurrence of violations, and work to restore trust between the state and impacted communities. We have seen how hate speech and incitement to violence contributed to the commission of severe violations. Such inflammatory statements are continuing to fuel fear, division, and violence, and have the potential to lead to further escalation. including in areas and communities that were spared during the recent spikes in violence. Monsieur le Président, Excellence, mid-July saw another round of violence in Sweida Governorate, stemming from a local conflict between Druze and Bedouin communities that drew in other actors and displaced nearly 200,000 civilians. Hundreds of people, predominantly Druze, but also Bedouins and others, were killed and injured. According to our initial information, following the intervention of interim government forces who stated they were there to restore order, videos show Druze men being summarily executed and subjected to humiliating and degrading treatment, revealing a climate of extreme violence, marked also by looting and destruction of property. Bedouin communities also reported being subjected to serious violations at the hands of certain armed groups. The conduct of interim government security forces during these operations raised serious concern, and the interim president stated last week that mistakes were made by all parties. On 31st July, the Minister of Justice appointed a committee tasked with investigating the reported serious violations, including allegedly by forces who participated in atrocities committed in the coastal areas in March. It announced earlier this month that members of interim government security forces have been arrested for committing violations, some on the basis of video evidence. When we met the committee last week, they underscored their independence and intention to impartially investigate violations against all communities. Our own investigations into these events was initiated in July. We had sought access to Soueida by the time of our visit last week, during which we met both Druze and Bedouins who had fled Soueida in Rif Damash. We welcome the announcement last Tuesday by the Foreign Ministry in the roadmap on Soueida that the commission in the very first item is invited to investigate these events. Accordingly, we are proposing new dates to initiate work in the all affected areas shortly. These clashes also triggered the involvement of other actors, including tribal forces from other parts of the country, illustrating the overall fragility of the current security environment across Syria. Israel further deepened its military involvement and continued its frequent airstrikes on Syria, including Damascus near key government buildings, causing significant destruction and reportedly resulting in civilian casualties, and recently in the vicinity of Homs, Latakia, and Palmyra cities. In the south, Israel continue to violate Syria's sovereignty, further occupying lands beyond the 1974 separation line, forcibly displacing civilians residing there and reportedly arbitrarily detaining Syrian nationals. These actions further destabilize highly insecure regions and must end immediately. In northeast Syria, tensions are also high as efforts to implement the 10 March agreement between the interim authorities and the SDF appear to have stalled. Recent clashes accompanied by violent rhetoric have triggered concerns that a further eruption of violence may undermine the status quo in this part of the country, where thousands of alleged ISIL members remain detained and the threat of ISIL persists. In this context, it is essential to intensify efforts towards de-escalation and dialogue. All in all, more than 220,000 people are estimated to have been newly internally displaced from areas seeing hostilities and violence, in addition to many missing or abducted. Among the latter, women have been particularly exposed. We received reports of gender-based violence and abduction of Druze women following the clashes in Sweida. We also received reports of primarily Alawite women abducted in broad daylight in sit centers by unknown armed actors. Initial information indicates that some were sexually assaulted before their release, while others were subjected to forced marriage. It is highly disturbing that in many cases where women went missing, families report that local police authorities have not yet investigated such acts. We call on the entering authorities to immediately take action on this case. More encouragingly, nearly one million Syrian refugees and two million IDPs have returned to their homes since 8 December. We welcome the easing of sanctions by US, EU, and UK, which opens up potential for vital reconstruction that could reduce humanitarian needs. For the moment, however, these needs are more acute than ever for 60 million people, and yet aid agencies have so far... I received only just 18%. I repeat, just 18%. This is a shame of the humanitarian appeal for 2025. Monsieur le Président, excellence, je vais conclure. The Syrian people continue to call for justice that restores their dignity after dictatorship and war, for a future built on rights, accountability, and inclusion. rather than fear, oppression and violence. We call on all States in this Honorable Assembly to support their legitimate aspirations and to assist the interim Syrian authorities in building towards the future. Merci.

Thank you. In line with practice, we shall now hear the concerned country. So I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Syria. You have 5 minutes.

Thank you, Mr. President. We thank the Commission of Inquiry for its oral update and appreciate its balanced approach and efforts, Mr. President. The overthrow of the former regime constituted a historic milestone long-awaited and struggled for by the Syrians. We are, however, fully aware that this does not mark the end of the journey, but rather the beginning of a demanding chapter, one replete with challenges, setbacks, and even mistakes. Yet it's equally a chapter imbued with hope and a firm resolve to build, heal the scars of the past, and move toward a brighter future. While transitional phases inherently carry profound challenges and deeply rooted complexities in the case of Syria, they are more acute due to the deep wounds and heavy legacy left behind by the former regime. This is not to mention the many pressing and fundamental issues that cannot be postponed, chief among them transitional justice, the search of the missing, the return of refugees and IDPs, the restructuring of the security and military sectors, and the lifting of sanctions. Therefore, any objective and balanced approach to the situation in Syria, including the painful and unacceptable events in the coastal region and in Soueida, which should never have occurred, must take all the challenges and considerations into account. This, of course, does not imply that the Syrian government is shirking its responsibilities. Quite the contrary, it has taken immediate and serious measures to investigate those events. hold those involved accountable, and consolidate national reconciliation. Syria has taken an extraordinary step, not only by granting the COI unprecedented access, but also by providing it with full support and facilitation to investigate the events in the coastal area without any restrictions. The letter addressed from Minister Asad al-Shibani, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates to the Chair of the COI, clearly outlined Syria's position on the Commission's report. The government will continue to pursue its measures in this regard to ensure justice and address all the consequences of these events. Mr. President, as part of the government's efforts to address the tragic events in Soueida, a roadmap was developed with the support of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the United States of America. It is based on overcoming these events within the national framework and on the basis of respecting Syria's sovereignty and preserving the unity of its people and territory. The roadmap includes a series of practical steps, including that the government calls upon the COI to conduct an investigation into the events in Suwayda, and the government is committed to holding all perpetrators of violations accountable in accordance with Syrian law. As stated by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Shibani, this initiative does not serve the interests of one party over another, but rather it is in the interest of all of Syria and for the good of all its sons and daughters without exception. and Syria condemns Israel's blatant interference in its internal affairs under flimsy pretext as well as its violation of Syrian sovereignty and the disengagement agreement make no mistake those who committed genocide against innocent civilians in Gaza those who violate the sovereignty of countries in the region and occupy the lands of others cannot intervene to protect anyone but only to sew and fuel division chaos and strife among its people of the same Homeland Israeli the events in Soueida, nor were they a response to them, but began decades ago and increased immediately after the fall of the former regime. The Syrian government is continuing its effort to address the legacies of the past, promote national reconciliation and civil space, and build a state founded on the rule of law and equal citizenship for all Syrians without exclusion or discrimination on any subnational basis. Building on previous measures, parliamentary elections will be held in the near future, followed by work on drafting a new constitution, thereby consolidating an inclusive approach and establishing a solid constitutional and legislative foundation. We will continue our positive engagement with international human rights mechanisms, contributing to supporting national efforts and mechanisms. Syria will insist on its full sovereignty and unity, and it categorically reject any attempts for partition. or federalization. Syria seeks to be a source of stability, peace, and rapprochement, and to establish genuine and balanced economic and political partnership with all countries based on common interest, mutual respect, and equal sovereignty. It hopes that your countries will support it in achieving all these goals and aspirations.

Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you, Excellencies, distinguished colleagues. We shall now move to the interactive dialogue on the report of the High Commissioner. on the human rights situation in Nicaragua. The list of speakers will close in 15 minutes. I now give the floor to the Director of the Global Operations Division of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights to present the report, Madam. Thank you.

Excellencies.

I present the report of the High Commissioner on the human rights situation in Nicaragua, in line with Resolution 58. marked by the constitutional reforms of 2025, with major adverse impacts on the human rights situation in the country, with a change to over 95% of the text, concentrating the powers in the presidency. This took away the separation of power and removed pluralism. concentrating powers with the president. The new text eliminates the fundamental guarantees, such as express prohibition on torture, the right to due process, or prohibition of censorship. These changes about a legislative framework of social control, Excellencies. In June this year, at least 75 people were in arbitrary detention for political reasons. The reform documented 16 cases of torture, including sexual violence, and 31 persons remained forcibly disappeared. as well as major changes in the national police. In the civic space, there has been a shrinkage with journalists subject to arbitrary detention and forced disappearance and expulsion. Repression also goes beyond the borders. The office noted 52 cases of arbitrary denial of entry and 156 expulsions without legal remedy, separating families and bringing about statelessness. In September 2020, for the Supreme Court expelled 136 persons who had been held for political reasons to Guatemala, taking away their nationality, confiscating their property. The reform of the law adopted in 2025, February, institutionalized these practices. The killing in Costa Rica in 2025 June reflects the risks facing Nicaraguans in exile. Excellencies, cancelling of legal personality of organizations continued. Over 5,000 organizations were closed since 2018. weakening the social fabric further. Freedom of religion continues to suffer, with many organizations closed down and expelled, as well as enforced disappearances and an evangelical pastor held arbitrarily. On terms of macroeconomic stability, there have been no tangible improvements in health, education, housing, or other parameters, limiting the exercise of social, economic, and cultural rights. The exploitation of resources in indigenous and Afro-descendant lands continue without consultation or prior informed consent, with invasions of land, violence, and forced displacement. Four community leaders were murdered. presumably for defending their lands, and many remain disappeared. As a result, physical and cultural survival of these peoples is at grave risk. The Office registered a rise in 21% of feminicides in 2024 compared to the previous year, and the ongoing acts of sexual violence against women and girls, including indigenous girls, and serious abuse in penitentiaries. The absolute criminalization of abortion continues, Excellencies. Our office urges the government to free all persons arbitrarily detained immediately and to inform us of the location of those who have been forcibly disappeared. We reiterate our call for the human rights of all persons in Nicaragua, within and outside the country, to be respected. The recommendations made by our office and human rights mechanisms are a guide to make progress in the promotion and protection of human rights in Nicaragua. We reiterate our readiness to support Nicaragua in this process. Thank you.

Thank you. In keeping with our practice, we will start by hearing the delegations of concerned countries, but I note that the delegation of Nicaragua is not present in the room. And I call on interested delegations to ask questions and make comments. I call on the distinguished representative of the Netherlands on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President.

I have the honor to deliver the statement on behalf of Belgium.

Luxembourg, and my own country, the Kingdom of the Netherlands. We thank the Office of the High Commissioner for its report. We remain deeply concerned about the human rights situation in Nicaragua, characterized by the erosion of the rule of law and increasing restrictions of fundamental freedoms. The report shows how the government has created a systematic climate of repression and flagrant violation of international human rights law. Arbitrary measures such as revoking the nationality of citizens, prohibiting the return of nationals from abroad, or arbitrary detentions have compounded these violations and deepened human suffering. We deeply regret Nicaragua's disengagement from the Human Rights Council and its increasing isolation from the international human rights system. Such steps strip Nicaraguan citizens of their vital protections and protecting of their human rights. We strongly urge Nicaragua to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of all individuals. We encourage the authorities to fully implement the recommendations it has received. We further urge Nicaragua to reinstate the legal status of civil society organizations. High Commissioner, with Nicaragua retreating from the international human rights system, how can we, the international community, ensure that Nicaragua is held accountable for the obligations on the international human rights law?

I thank you.

Thank you.

I call on the distinguished representative of the European Union.

President, Madame Director, the European Union thanks you for this report and regrets Nicaragua's disengagement from the Council and from the UPR. The EU shares your serious concern about the persistent erosion of the rule of law and human rights, including through the reform of the constitution. The EU calls for the end of any form of repression against dissenting voices. We also call for the immediate and unconditional release of all those arbitrarily detained. Families of those forcibly disappeared must be informed of their whereabouts. The EU is deeply concerned about allegations of torture on detainees, including sexual violence, as well as the targeting of their relatives, forced expulsion, stripping of citizenship, and confiscation of property. We reiterate our strong call for the full adherence to international law and obligations enshrined in human rights treaties. We call on Nicaragua to renew cooperation with international human rights organization, the UN Group of Human Rights Experts, and the OCHR. The EU reaffirms its strong support to the Nicaraguan people and to all efforts aimed at finding a Nicaraguan-led, democratic, peaceful and negotiated solution to the ongoing crisis. Ms. Kohonen, could you please elaborate on the possible use of transnational repression against dissenting voices? I thank you.

Thank you.

I call on the distinguished representative of Norway on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to speak on behalf of the Nordic-Baltic states. I thank the High Commissioner and his office for his comprehensive report and the briefing just now, which sadly leaves no room for indifference. We are gravely concerned by the persistent erosion of human rights and the rule of law in Nicaragua, particularly in light of the constitutional reform adopted on 30 January 2025, which removed human rights safeguards, including the prohibition of torture, essential fair trial guarantees, and protections for freedom of expression. We reiterate that the prohibition of torture is an absolute, non-derogable, jus cogens right that cannot be suspended under any circumstance. We are alarmed also by the undue restrictions of the rights of freedom of association and peaceful assembly. freedom of expression, including online, and limitations on the right to freedom of religion or belief, particularly against the Roman Catholic Church. The withdrawal of Nicaragua from the Human Rights Council is deeply regrettable. We urge the government to reconsider this decision, resume constructive engagement, and recommit to its international human rights obligations. Madam Director, What measures is the OHCHR considering to address the lack of accountability in Nicaragua? I thank you.

Thank you.

I call on the distinguished representative of Chile on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, President. I speak today on behalf of the core group supporting the resolution on the human rights situation in Nicaragua, comprised of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru. express our deep concern over Nicaragua's decision to withdraw from the Human Rights Council at the start of this year. We're also concerned about its failure to complete the fourth cycle of its universal periodic review. We urge the Nicaraguan government to respond to the recommendations received as part of this exercise. This continued lack of engagement is a signal of a troubling disregard for its international human rights obligations. In this context, we welcome the OHCHR's most recent report and are particularly alarmed by the closure of civic and democratic space. We call on Nicaragua to address the recommendations of the Office of the High Commissioner and fully to restore cooperation with the Office and other UN human rights mechanisms, including by granting unrestricted access to the country. Such engagement is particularly urgent in light of the upcoming electoral cycle and the pressing need to re-establish the rule of law and the separation of powers. Finally, we urge the Nicaraguan authorities to fulfill their obligations under human rights and immediately release all 73 political prisoners, including stopping the repression of dissidents and journalists and that of a transnational character, and ensure victims of human rights violations have meaningful access to justice and reparation.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I now give the floor once again to the representative of Chile for the national statement. And please do read slowly, says the President.

Chile thanks the High Commissioner for the report, which very clearly reflects the seriously worsening situation of human rights in Nicaragua. We see there's an erosion of the rule of law through regressive constitutional reform, weakening separation of powers, and the arbitrary use of institutions to repress dissidents. The report details the erosion of fundamental freedoms and the oppression of civil society independent communication media. We see withdrawal of nationality and the exile of thousands of Nicaraguans who are separated from their families. Chile has granted nationality to Nicaraguan exiles, restating our commitment to those that have been arbitrarily deprived of their nationality. We're particularly concerned at the persistent arbitrary detentions, torture, sexual violence, amongst others, of persons deprived of liberty. The report also says there's increasing femicide and violence against women and girls, particularly Afro-descendant and indigenous women and girls. and they face very many forms of violence and discrimination. We support the work of the High Commissioner, and we call on the government of Nicaragua to immediately stop the human rights violations, to broaden democratic space, and to renew its cooperation with the United Nations.

Thank you. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Spain.

Thank you very much, President. Spain aligns itself with the statement made by the European Union, and we thank the High Commissioner for their report, which reflects that the taking of power by the executive through legislative and constitutional reform has further weakened human rights safeguards in the country. We're particularly concerned at the persecution of political prisoners and opponents both in Nicaragua and abroad, and we see violence and torture against detainees and prisoners. We reject the use of arbitrary deprivation of nationality, which runs counter to international human rights law. This is why in Spain we have an extraordinary mechanism to grant Spanish nationality to dissidents, and this is part of our solidarity with Nicaraguans who've been deprived of their nationality. We urge the government of Nicaragua to cease the suppression of dissidents and the communication media. We believe there must be the lifting of restrictions to NGOs and religious groups, and there must be free, fair, and transparent elections. The right to political participation must be ensured so that the Nicaraguan people can decide in freedom the future for their country. We regret that Nicaragua's... decided to withdraw from the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms. We call for renewed cooperation with your office and all mechanisms.

The President interrupts. Thank you. I give the floor to Brazil.

Thank you very much, President. We thank the High Commissioner for their report. We are concerned at the worsening human rights situation of the rule of law and the independence of powers in Nicaragua. We can see systematic restrictions to fundamental freedoms, such as freedom of expression, of opinion, of association, of peaceful assembly, and of religion, and there are documented cases of arbitrary detentions and torture. The report highlights that the new constitution has weakened basic human rights protection, eliminating, for example, the express prohibition of torture. It is essential to respect the rights of indigenous peoples and Afro-descendants, their rights relating to their autonomy and their land. On the other hand, we welcome the high participation of women that have government positions. We believe that these policies promoting equality must be strengthened with specific measures to combat femicide and sexual and gender violence. We urge Nicaragua to resume its full cooperation with the Human Rights Council, the special mechanisms and the UPR. We urge the High Commissioner's recommendations to be heeded in order to ensure the Constitution is in line with human rights principles and that there be combating of all rights violations.

Thank you. Thank you.

The speaker's list is now closed and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Peru.

Thank you, President. Peru thanks the High Commissioner for the presentation of the report on the serious human rights situation in Nicaragua. We express our deep concern at the unlawful constitutional reform which have weakened the rule of law, weakened the separation of powers and fundamentally restricted fundamental freedoms. There is repression of the communication media, religious organizations, civil society and Afro-descendant and indigenous peoples that face violence, land grabbing and violation of their basic rights. The practice of arbitrary detention, of enforced disappearance, torture, and deprivation of nationality are a flagrant violation of international human rights law. Peru launches an appeal to the Nicaraguan government to immediately free all persons arbitrarily detained, to re-establish the guarantees of due process, to return legal personality and the assets seized from organizations, and to ensure that free, real, transparent elections are held. Peru will support any effort to re-establish dialogue and understanding between Nicaraguans so that a peaceful and sustainable solution can be found to the crisis, allowing a return to democracy and the rule of law.

Thank you. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Argentina.

President, very good morning. Thank you to the office, and thank you for the office, which holds up a mirror to the situation, which is unforgivable. We can see that this is the work of a revolutionary. We are seeing a real human rights situation in November. On the 4th of November of 1984, Mr. Riquier said, and I quote, the democracy which will be established in Nicaragua will be an example for the whole of Latin America, end of quotation. And yesterday, the young idealist spoke of democracy and freedom, and today the dictator is closing everyone behind bars, including a blood brother, who people, lots of people are detained in house arrest. We... have to think about all of these situations, but it's not just about Ortega, it's about all of us, of this council. There is a very thin line, almost an invisible line, which separates indifference from complicity. And it's really ironic, Ortega has changed his idea of freedom into a private revolution, but it would be worse for us, in the name of caution, to be neutral or remain in silence, because we would... end up his accomplices. Silence or indifference is never neutral, it's simply complicity. We only have the power of words, which can be a powerful weapon. We mustn't just have regrets. Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Paraguay.

Thank you, President. The delegation of Paraguay thanks the High Commissioner for their report. It demonstrates a deep concern at the worsening human rights violations in Nicaragua. We firmly condemn the systematic use of forced exile, deprivation of nationality, and even the denial of entry into the country to people on political grounds and the persecution of those who have different opinions both inside and outside the country. There is a persecution of the academic circles who have been harassed. and intimidated. We are concerned at growing censorship and repression of freedom of expression and of religion. We have persons facing harassment, and many of them have had to resort to exile to protect their lives. We have also seen restrictions to the holding of religious masses, and there is ongoing harassment of the clergy and lay persons, and any independent person can be attacked. We launch an urgent appeal to the government of Nicaragua to fully comply with international human rights law, to cooperate with international mechanisms, and that they guarantee the existence of independent institutions, allowing for critical voices to be raised without the fear of reprisals.

Thank you. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Georgia.

Thank you, Mr. President. We thank the High Commissioner for the report. We are deeply concerned about the continued deterioration of the human rights situation in Nicaragua. Arbitrary deprivation of nationality, undue restrictions on leaving or reentering the country, torture and ill treatment, sexual violence, and arbitrary detentions are particularly alarming. The latest wide-ranging constitutional amendments, which entered into force in February 25, represent yet another erosion of the rule of law in Nicaragua, allowing the systematic suppression of dissent and demonstrating a total disregard for human rights and fundamental freedoms in breach of international human rights law. We also deeply regret that the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights does not have access to the country and conducts its work remotely. Georgia reaffirms is solidarity with the people of Nicaragua in their pursuit of peace, justice, and accountability. And we support their aspirations for a democratic future where human rights and fundamental freedoms are fully respected. We call on Ortega-Murillo regime to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of all Nicaraguans, to fully implement the recommendations of OHCHR and international human rights mechanisms. I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka.

Mr. President, Sri Lanka takes note of the report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Nicaragua. We value the progress achieved by the government of Nicaragua in restoring the right to education and right to health for all its people. Sri Lanka respects Nicaragua's effort in seeking economic and social development. We also positively note that the recent legal reform on creating the new regulatory framework for the management of protected areas in the country aimed at the rational use of natural resources and the preservation of biodiversity, which shows Nicaragua's commitment in protecting and valuing the environment. Sri Lanka reaffirms its principal position that country-specific resolutions initiatives, which do not enjoy the support of the country concerned are counterproductive, ineffective and a drain of scarce resources and will not achieve peace or stability. The GA Resolution 60/251, which set up this Council, recognized the importance of ensuring universality, objectivity and non-selectivity in the consideration of human rights issues, which must be respected by the Council.

As well as the principle of non-interference in internal affairs.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uruguay.

Thank you, President. We wish to thank the High Commissioner for Human Rights for their report and their update on the human rights situation in Nicaragua. We are viewing with great concern the worsening situation of the human rights and of the rule of law in the country, which has been made worse by regressive legal reform and the absence of accountability for human rights violations. We reiterate our condemnation to those that continue to carry out acts of repression against the citizenship, human rights defenders, journalists, political leaders, and any person expressing a different opinion, as well as the encroachment on individual freedoms. The erosion of civil space resulting from the deprivation of civil and political rights is making the situation ever more difficult. There are constitutional amendments which allow deprivation of nationality as a constitutional punishment against those found responsible for acts of high treason. This means that many people are resorting to statelessness and forced exile, and we urge for guaranteeing the reestablishment of the rights of persons deprived of nationality. We urge Nicaragua to resume its participation and cooperation. with the Council, the UPR, and other human rights mechanisms of the United Nations. We urge them to start a national dialogue which is inclusive, which leads to the restoring of the rule of law and the respect of fundamental freedoms of the people of Nicaragua.

Thank you. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ukraine.

Mr. President, Ukraine thanks the High Commissioner for the comprehensive report and expresses grave concern over the rapid deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua. Recent constitutional reforms consolidating power under the so-called co-presidency have dismantled checks and balances and destroyed judicial independence. The crackdown on civil society, closure of thousands of NGOs, persecution of religious leaders, and the silences of the media all illustrate the regime's determination to eradicate dissent. Arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances, torture, including sexual violence, and the stripping of nationality from hundreds of citizens have left many stateless and in exile. Equally alarming are Nicaragua's hostile actions on the international stage, reports that its leadership convey full recognition of the occupied Ukrainian regions of Donetsk, Lugansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhia as parts of Russia, flagrantly violate the UN Charter, General Assembly resolutions, and international law. Any such recognition is legally null and void and will be treated by Ukraine as an unprecedentedly unfriendly act with consequences to follow. Nicaragua's continued maintenance of the so-called honorary consulate in occupied Crimea only deepens these defiance. Ukraine demands accountability for crimes under international law and urges Nicaragua to immediately restore democracy, respect fundamental freedoms, and cease legitimizing Russian aggression.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Italy.

Mr. President, Italy aligns itself with the EU statement and thanks the Director for his presentation. We are deeply concerned about the report's findings, particularly the backsliding of the rule of law following the recent constitutional reform. We deplore the alarming deterioration of the human rights situation in Nicaragua, especially the undue restrictions on freedom of association, of peaceful assembly, of expression, as well as severe limitations on the freedom of religion or belief, notably the worrying targeting of the Catholic Church. Italy condemns the practice of arbitrary arrest and detention against individuals not aligned with the government, such as political opponents, human rights defenders, journalists, civil society members, and entrepreneurs, who also face expulsions, confiscation of property, and revocation of nationality. We call on the Nicaraguan authorities to engage in constructive dialogue and cooperation with the OHCHR and the UN human rights mechanisms, including the UPR, also by granting access to the country, and urge them to uphold their obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of all. Madam Director, what measures do you see as most effective to restore civic and democratic space, as well as political pluralism in Nicaragua?

I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cyprus.

Thank you, Mr. President. Cyprus aligns with the EU statement and thanks the High Commissioner for his report. We express deep concern over the persistent erosion of the human rights situation and the rule of law in Nicaragua. We condemn the systemic repression of dissent, the closure of civic space, and the targeting of journalists and human rights defenders. The arbitrary deprivation of nationality and forced exile of political opponents are unacceptable and violate international human rights law. The climate of repression, intimidation, and harassment also affects Nicaraguans in exile. We urge the authorities to immediately cease these practices. Cyprus regrets Nicaragua's decision to withdraw from the HRC and the UPR. As highlighted in the report, the lack of cooperation with international human rights mechanisms remains deeply troubling. We call on Nicaragua to re-engage with the human rights ecosystem and to implement the recommendations of the OHCHR. High Commissioner, in view of Nicaragua's deepening isolation and its evident lack of commitment to human rights obligations, what can the international community do to maintain scrutiny of the situation? I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Costa Rica.

Thank you, President. We wish to commend the High Commissioner for their work and thank them. The outcome of their report reiterate that there is a climate of intimidation and fear which is endured by the people of Nicaragua, particularly human rights defenders and journalists. And what is more, the transnational repression by the government of Nicaragua is extremely serious, as is the murder in Costa Rica of Roberto Samcan. I wish to emphasize two points. First of all, arbitrary restrictions to the right to nationality and free movement in Nicaragua is a concern. Citizens are denied re-entry into the country, there are expulsions with no justification or legal remedy. There is an increase in the number of reasons why someone can lose their nationality, including dual citizenship, leading to risks of statelessness. There are no consular services or ID papers for perceived opponents, making their legal status and professional life difficult, leaving many without any official recognition. We're concerned that there's serious economic and social rights deficiency in Nicaragua. The minimum wage doesn't cover the basic food basket and the economy is very informal. There are discriminatory dismissals on political grounds and arbitrary seizure of assets. We're concerned that about the access for employment, health and education is conditional to loyalty to the Sandinista party. We urge the states here present to review the report.

The President interrupts the speaker.

I give the floor to Austria.

Thank you, Mr. President. Austria lines with the EU statement and thanks the High Commissioner for his report. Austria is deeply concerned by the continued deterioration of human rights and shrinking of civic and democratic space in Nicaragua. Authorities continue to severely curtail the freedoms of association, peaceful assembly, and expression, both online and offline. We urge the Nicaraguan Government to cease arbitrary detention and release all remaining political prisoners, including those arbitrarily detained for exercising the right to freedom of expression, and to end the practice of stripping of citizenship. We reiterate our call to take immediate steps to end and prevent acts of torture and ill-treatment during detention and to ensure access to adequate medical care. Austria is also deeply concerned by systematic violations of due process and the right to a fair trial of persons perceived as opponents of the government. We call on Nicaraguan authorities to ensure fair trial and due process, including access to legal assistance without interference. We reiterate our call on the Nicaraguan government to renew the cooperation with OHCHR and to grant access to international human rights mechanisms. Madam Director, with reference to your presentation today, could you further elaborate on the prosecution of human?

Rights defenders and journalists? Thank you.

Thank you.

Mr. President, Poland aligns itself with the EU statement. We thank the High Commissioner for presenting the report. Poland remains deeply concerned by the persistent erosion of the human rights situation and the rule of law in Nicaragua. The report clearly shows that the authorities of Nicaragua eliminated any sign of independence and they restricted representatives of civil society organizations from exercising their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly. Those in detention face torture and cruel and degrading treatment, including sexual violence. Poland regrets that Nicaragua decided to disengage from the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms, following the trend of disengagement from other international human rights mechanisms. We urge the authority of Nicaragua to uphold its obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill the human rights of all individuals, especially by ensuring the most fundamental political freedoms and stopping torture or inhuman treatment during detention. Madam Director, in your report, you urge the international community to provide sustained support to strengthen the capacity of Nicaraguan civil society in the country and in exile. What are the most pressing needs of this group? I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Romania.

Mr. President, Romania thanks the OHCHR for the report and its recommendation. We align with your statement. The persistent erosion of human rights and the rule of law and democratic freedoms in Nicaragua highlighted in the report continue to raise serious concerns. Deeply worrying are also extensive constitutional changes that concentrate power in the executive branch, undermining judicial independence, political pluralism, and human rights protections. Political participation has been curtailed, freedom of association, assembly and expression have been severely restricted, journalists face arbitrary detention, intimidation and exile, civil society organization, universities and religious entities have been have have faced repressions, cancellation of legal status, confiscation of assets and censorship. Arbitrary arrests, enforced disappearances, and torture are widespread. Detainees face inhumane conditions, including physical and sexual violence, psychological abuse, and denial of medical care. Sexual violence and femicides persist with inadequate investigation and protection. We ask the authorities to cease all human rights violations, ensure accountability, and grant reparations for all victims. We call on Nicaragua to resume its participation in and cooperation with the HRC, the UPR, and other UN human rights mechanisms, and to reestablish cooperation with the OACHR. Madam Director, however illusory a restoration of democracy might seem in the light of the detailed account, how feasible do you see, however, a reversal in the current policies in the country? Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Switzerland.

Thank you, President. Switzerland thanks the High Commissioner for their report. We are concerned at the ongoing erosion of the human rights situation and of the rule of law in Nicaragua. We've seen regressive legal reforms, notably that of the Constitution, and there is an absence of investigations on human rights violations, and these have a clear repressive effect on civic space. Victims and Witnesses of such violations, as well as those who cooperate with the High Commissioner's Office, live in the fear of reprisals. We firmly condemn acts against human rights defenders. particularly an exiled Fred Kunming, who, after having participated in a session on indigenous rights here in Geneva, has been living in forced exile. We ask the authorities to immediately allow any Nicaraguan citizens to freely be able to return to their country, to end all repression of opponents in exile, and to guarantee the respect of their right to nationality. We urge the authorities to return to the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms. Broad and constructive participation contributes to the credibility and efficacy of this Council. Madam High Commissioner, in August, we saw the adoption of a law leading to the nationalization of 10% of the territory of the country. How do you assess this impact of this law on human rights, particularly the rights of indigenous peoples and the rights to private property? Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Germany.

Thank you, Mr. President. Germany aligns itself with the EU statement and thanks the High Commissioner for his report. Germany shares its deep concern regarding the continued deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua. We regret Nicaragua's continued disengagement from this council and other UN mechanisms. We are alarmed by the latest constitutional reform, which has further deepened the erosion of the rule of law and human rights protection. We note with deep concern. reports of arbitrary detentions, torture, and ill treatment, including sexual violence in detention and forced disappearances and the revocation of nationality. We deplore the confiscation of property, the dispossession of indigenous and Afro-descendant communities, and the risk faced by returnees fearing arbitrary arrest. We urge the authorities to end harassing civil society, not least through the cancellation of legal status of 80% of registered organizations, and to cease attacks on women's and indigenous organizations, journalists, and religious leaders. We further stress Nicaragua's obligation to restore fundamental freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly, religion, and belief. Germany reaffirms its solidarity with the people of Nicaragua and supports a peaceful, democratic solution to the crisis. Madam Director, could you elaborate on how the international community might more effectively address acts of transnational repression against Nicaraguan voices in exile?

Thank you very much.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the UK.

We are grateful to the High Commissioner for his report. The continued deterioration of human rights in Nicaragua is deeply concerning. The report reinforces the need for sustained international scrutiny of the systemic dismantling of democratic institutions and repression of civil liberties. The Nicaraguan authorities' regrettable decision to withdraw from the UN Human Rights Council and other international human rights mechanisms must not deter that scrutiny. The arbitrary expulsion of citizens, denial of re-entry and deprivation of nationality are unacceptable and must end. Moreover, the reformed cybercrime law will enable the arbitrary criminalization of peaceful expression, contributing to a climate of fear, censorship and of intimidation, particularly for journalists in Nicaragua. The report also sheds further light on violations of the rights of indigenous peoples and people of African descent, as well as evidence of the suppression of religious freedom. To the Office of the High Commissioner, we would welcome your views on how the international community can best support implementation of your recommendations and ensure accountability for these serious violations. Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso.

President. My delegation takes note of the report of the human rights situation in Nicaragua presented by the High Commissioner for Human Rights. We welcome the efforts made by the government of Nicaragua to promote and protect human rights in its territory. My delegation believes that these efforts must be recognized and supported by international human rights institutions with a spirit of respecting the sovereignty of Nicaragua. The imposition of non-consensual mandates, which are politically motivated, are counterproductive, conflictual, and run counter to the fundamental principles underpinning the Human Rights Council and Resolution 62/51. To conclude, we call on the responsibility of the Human Rights Council that it must urgently promote a climate of sincere and constructive dialogue, which is the only way to promote and protect human rights.

Thank you.

Thank you. I see that the delegation of China is not in the room. That was the last speaker on my list, and we shall move to the list of NGOs. I call on the Protestant Agency for Diacony and Development.

Thank you. We welcome the report of the Office of the High Commissioner, which shows the systematic violations of human rights in Nicaragua. which are worsening with the state's abandonment of the main protection mechanism, including this Council, leaving victims in a situation of complete vulnerability. While I speak to you, over 30 people are in enforced disappearance, dozens of families of political prisoners living in fear of persecution and state-imposed silence, and many times are forced into exile. making them completely defenseless. In Nicaragua, there's no type of judicial guarantee. Becoming a political prisoner is a death sentence. In August this year, two political prisoners, Marisa Alonso Petri and Carlos Cardenas de Petri, were found dead, were handed over dead to their families weeks after they had apparently disappeared. And the authorities forced the families to bury them immediately without investigation. Their deaths were caused by state agents. The state has intensified its transnational repression policy with espionage, threats and executions in host countries. The latest killing was that of Roberto Samcan in his home, a message of silence and paralysis for the entire exil community. These are gross violations of the human rights of refugees and asylum seekers. We call on the Council to take all necessary measures to end these practices. Thank you.

I call on Christian Solidarity Worldwide.

Thank you, Mr. President. CSW thanks the High Commissioner for this timely report on Nicaragua. We share the High Commissioner's concern regarding enforced disappearances of Lesbia del Torroco Gutierrez Poveda and Carmen Maria Sainz Martinez, both Roman Catholic lay women. We are also concerned by the recent deaths of two political prisoners held incommunicado until their deaths. Dr. Carlos Caneda Zepeda, a lawyer and Roman Catholic lay leader, was arbitrarily detained and held incommunicado from the 13th of August until his death on the 29th of August. His wife was prohibited from holding any funeral services and was not provided with a death certificate or cause of death. His coffin had already been sealed on collection. Less than a week earlier, on the 25th of August, political activist Mauricio Alonso Patry died in arbitrary detention. His cause of death also remains unknown. Mauricio Alonso Patri was detained on the 17th of July during a coordinated armed police operation against Pastor Rudy Pelethios Vargas, an outspoken critic of the regime, and several friend and family members, including Mauricio Alonso Patri and his son. No news has been given to the loved ones about the whereabouts, meaning their cases amount to unforced disappearances. We continue to call for the immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners in Nicaragua, with transparency, including a full and detailed investigation into what led to the deaths of Dr. Carlos Cadenas Zepeda and Mauricio Alonso Patry. Those responsible must be held to account and extensive reparations made to their widows. Thank you.

Thank you. I call on the Centre for Justice and International Law by video.

I'm Joel Maldonado. Nicaraguan activist for freedom, democracy and human rights, we welcome the report of the Office of the High Commissioner. As an opposition member, I was stripped of nationality and exiled. I went to Costa Rica where there were attacks on me, transnational persecution by Nicaragua and my partner Nadia Robleto was hit by a bullet with severe consequences. I'm not speaking only for myself but for thousands of Nicaraguans who have disappeared, been jailed, tortured, stripped of nationality and forced into exile. I speak for political prisoners living in inhuman conditions and families awaiting justice. The regime's repression has crossed borders, undermined sovereignty and disobeyed international law. Refugees and human rights defenders in exile are at risk, and I call on this Council to demand the immediate freeing of all political prisoners and the end to kidnapping and repression for international investigation, punishment and protection mechanisms. and for the support to the international, to Nicaraguan people and their legitimate aspiration to regain democracy, the rule of law and fundamental freedoms. Silence and inaction fuel impunity. Only justice, protection and international solidarity can keep hope alive for Nicaragua.

Thank you.

Thank you. I call on Aula Abierta.

Thank you, President. We welcome the oral update of the Office of the High Commissioner. and we wish to focus on the crisis in universities in Nicaragua. In 2025, the government continued with arbitrary dismissals, proselytism, and political indoctrination, with systematic intervention in academic life, taking away autonomy from universities, undermining education, and harming the rights of students and teachers, in contradiction with the state's international obligations to respect academic freedom and the right to education. We're concerned that the concentration of power in the presidency and the shrinkage of civic space, the arbitrary detention of over 5,000, the arbitrary cancellation of 5,000 organizations with repression of journalists, human rights defenders, religious leaders, and indigenous communities. With over 14 persons presumably disappeared since June 2024, the new migration law has increased the possibility of stripping nationality of exiles, with mining concessions being handed over in indigenous territories without free, prior and informed consent or consultations, undermining fundamental rights. We call on the Council to keep a focus on Nicaragua, ensuring that these abuses are investigated and demanding that the State fulfills its international human rights obligations. Thank you.

Thank you. I call on Article 19 by video.

Article 19 welcomes the report of the High Commissioner, which ensures essential scrutiny to the systematic undue restrictions of fundamental freedoms in Nicaragua. Since 2019, Nicaragua has been democratically.

Backsliding, with criminalization, prosecution, and violence against journalists and other dissident voices causing an impact on civic space.

The administration has resorted to a battery of legal and coercive tools, notable among them are the.

Modification of laws such as foreign agents, cybercrimes, as well as sanctions for spreading fake news and committing treason.

These ambiguous rules have been used to punish dissent and strengthen state repression. Between January and July 2024, periodistas y comunicadores independientes de Nicaragua recorded 40 single attacks. 16 of them which occurred in exile, highlighting repression transcending borders. Among these attacks registered by civil society are arbitrary detentions, restrictions to internet access, legal proceedings, stigmatizing rhetoric, forced displacement, exile, and even sexual abuse. This has been exacerbated by Nicaragua's multiple withdrawal from UN bodies, causing zones of silence within the country. Regarding the UPR process in 2024, the Nicaraguan government has rejected all recommendations, dismisses criticism.

As interference, and authorities have denied systemic violations. We urge Nicaragua to ensure the full respect of the right of freedom of expression, particularly through repealing and amending repressive laws and ceasing all attacks against the press.

We ask the High Commissioner and UN member states to continue monitoring the human rights situation in Nicaragua, especially with regards to freedom of expression.

Thank you.

I call on Angelina Dumont by video.

We regret that the sound quality is not sufficient for interpretation.

Debo lamentar que el 19 de junio el opositor Roberto Sancán fue asesinado en San José. Según las propias autoridades, eso se perfila como sicariato con motivación política. Este hecho exige investigación exhaustiva, independiente, cooperación internacional y medidas de protección para el exilio nicaragüense. La persecución a la Iglesia Católica y a muchas iglesias protestantes continúa, incluyendo restricciones al culto. hostigamiento y criminalización de la asistencia pastoral. Se restringe además el derecho a regresar. A miles se les despojó de la nacionalidad o se les impide volver. Preocupa además el estrechamiento de vínculos con Rusia, con China, con Irán y con otras autocracias lo que agrava la depresión. Así que solicito fortalecer el mecanismo sobre Nicaragua especialmente apoyar la excelente labor del grupo de expertos, exigir el fin de la represión, restituir las nacionalidades y el derecho al retorno y coordinar con

Thank you.

I call on Peace Brigades International.

Thank you. We welcome the report of the High Commissioner. I'm Claudia Vargas. I'm a human rights defender and feminist activist, a Nicaraguan exiled and Costa Rican with Spanish nationality, widow of Roberto Samcam, killed in June 2025 in San Jose, Costa Rica. He was a retired army major, political analyst, and writer, and he denounced the authoritarianism and national and transnational repression in Nicaragua. By speaking out... Writing and not saying silent, this is how he was killed. The crime was planned and carried out precisely. This undermined the sovereignty of Costa Rica, the country with the highest number of Nicaraguan political refugees. It's part of a documented pattern of repression, hate campaigns, vigilante action, the stripping of nationality, attacks, killings, which confirm that Nicaragua's repression goes beyond its borders. The border was a... and the home. The international community and the Council should act convincingly in this context. I call for protection for people in exile. On behalf of democracy, life and the memory of Roberto Sempcam and those living under threat and harassment by the state of Nicaragua, I call on you to act firmly in solidarity so that there is no more injustice. Thank you.

Thank you.

I call on Amnesty International by video.

I'm Tunisca Rivera, I'm the daughter of Brooklyn Rivera, indigenous mosquito leader, human rights defender, detained on 29th September 2023 in Bilwi, Nicaragua, missing ever since. We don't know where he is. His only crime was to defend the human rights of people in his community. I call on the Nicaraguan government to disclose his whereabouts immediately, guarantee his unconditional release. and provide information about his health, allowing him to communicate with his family. My father's disappearance is not an isolated incident. It's part of a pattern of repression against dissent, arbitrary arrest, incommunicado detention, consignment of persons, and forced disappearance. In August, two people arbitrarily arrested for political reasons were found dead, confirming that the government's strategy combines detention and forced disappearance and death under state custody. Nicaragua is experiencing severe repression in the form of detention, torture, exile, deprivation of nationality, and laws that criminalize criticism, leaving people in silence and fear of a 5,000 civil society organizations being shut down since 2018. I call urgently on the international community to stop the impunity. Call on the government of Nicaragua to be held accountable and for the more than 70 arbitrarily detained prisoners to be released. Please urge that the repression cease immediately. Please do not leave us alone. The life of my father and many others depend on your action.

Thank you.

Thank you. I call on International Bar Association video.

International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute is concerned about the findings of the report of the High Commissioner on the brutal human rights crackdown in Nicaragua, which is marked by violations that include extrajudicial killings. arbitrary detentions, forced disappearances, and arbitrary denial of nationality to an extent that qualifies as crimes against humanity as part of a campaign to eliminate any form of dissent. President Ortega's constitutional reforms have dismantled the separation of powers by granting him de facto control over the legislature, judiciary, and electoral institutions. At the same time, his government has removed the explicit prohibition of torture and withdrawn Nicaragua from several UN bodies. Since 2023, at least 546 perceived opponents have been arbitrarily stripped of their nationality, rendered stateless in violation of international law, and therefore left, along with their family, profoundly vulnerable to abuse. 80% of NGOs registered in the country since 2017 had their legal status revoked, dealing a devastating blow to civic space in the country. We call for the immediate release of all those arbitrarily detained, and we call on the international community to robustly respond to the deteriorating situation in Nicaragua and use all possible avenues to hold the Ortega government accountable for the international crimes committed, including before the International Court of Justice, under the Convention against Torture and the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I call on the International Service for Human Rights.

Thank you. We welcome the report, which emphasizes the exposure of indigenous peoples and people of African descent to violence, illegal exploitation, and usurpation of their lands, undermining their cultural and physical existence. In recent months, Nicaragua's government has carried out legal reforms to continue seizing the natural resources of the country for its own economic interests, those of its Chinese partners, and to keep its own power. In May, it adopted the Law 1248, which for the first time made it possible to establish mining conditions in protected areas. Under the official gazette, Nine grant lots have been granted as concession in indigenous descendant lands without consultations or free prior informed consent. Furthermore, there have been nine mining concessions given to Chinese companies in the Bosso West Biosphere Reserve and four in the San Juan Reserve. Mining promoted by the government is not only violating the human rights of the indigenous and different people, but also generating income for the government's repression. We call on all states to urge the government to fulfill the recommendation of the United Nations Commissioner to restore the indigenous and Afro-descendant lands and give back the land currently occupied by colonizers. Thank you.

Thank you. This was the last speaker that we were able to accommodate, and I give the floor back to the Director for five minutes. Ms.

Thank you to all the delegations and NGOs who participated in this dialogue, and I think it's safe to say that we all share the grave concerns about the situation, the human rights situation in Nicaragua that is not improving, that is getting worse, and therefore I think that I'm not going to reiterate all the things that you've already highlighted and that are in our report, but comment on a few of the specific questions that were raised. One of them, and many questions actually related on transnational repression, and it is really true that... Nicaragua has really institutionalized actions that extend persecution beyond its borders, in law and in practice. Such transnational repression is not only targeting any more political opponents and activists, but also ordinary citizens and their families, anybody who is considered to express dissent. And the legal reforms since 2024 have really exported censorship by criminalizing any expression made outside the country, but also facilitating surveillance without judicial oversight. And this results in arbitrary deprivation of nationality, confiscation of assets, denial of documentation, leaving hundreds stateless, deeply vulnerable. But yet, addressing transnational persecution requires really decisive international engagement. Because at the moment, another alarming concern is, for example, the use of extradition requests and Interpol red notices to persecute those in exile. So these are actions that you as member states also are in control of and are able to consider and take actions when such demands are made to you. It's also true that international protection legal pathways for those stripped of nationality or rendered stateless or asylum seekers must be found, and that again is in the control of member states where Nicaraguans are seeking asylum. Host states must uphold the principle of non-refoulement and ensure protection for persons facing extradition to Nicaragua, where they risk real torture and enforced disappearances. At the same time, we also must continue together to document and monitor such practices, because the continued public advocacy, as many of you have said, the continued scrutiny in multilateral environments like the Human Rights Council, it matters. It's public advocacy for justice for the future. It's public advocacy for accountability for the future. But it's also an expression of solidarity for those who are either detained or disappeared or at threat at the moment. Another important component of that is continued support to civil society, whether inside or outside Nicaragua. And such support can consist of financial resources, but also technical assistance, but also of protection mechanism, both for civil society organizations, human rights defenders, and journalists. In addition, I think that several of you asked about how to continue holding accountable a government like Nicaragua that does not engage at the moment. Well, we heed the call of many of you and we reinforce it, and we really urge Nicaragua to come back to the table and to engage bilaterally, multilaterally with UN human rights mechanisms, because UN human rights mechanisms, their recommendations, such as UPR and others, do provide a way forward on a human rights and promotion and protection agenda in Nicaragua. It also means that the monitoring work that we do outside the country, even accounts towards future accountability. So we must be allowed to continue and document and monitor and report back to you on the situation. We will continue working with civil society inside and outside the country to capacitate them, to train them, to ensure that they have access to mechanisms of universal jurisdiction, that they have access to human rights mechanisms to bring forward cases, whether special procedures, treaty bodies, or so forth. At the same time, it's also important to know that we have, you know better than us, that the elections of 2027 are still far ahead, but could provide an opportunity in Nicaragua. However, I want to say that there are so many steps that need to be undertaken, so many conditions that need to be put in place to ensure that such elections could be credible, that we need all the time we have now, the two years leading up to that process. And what are the kind of conditions that, or rather the discussions that we wish that you as member states could engage bilaterally or use your leverage, anybody who has leverage in conversations with Nicaragua. We need to ensure there are amendments to the criminal, to the constitution, criminal legislation. We need to restore the legal personality of civil society organizations, allow political parties to operate. within safeguards, allow a safe return of those in exile, restore nationality, and obviously, impartially and promptly investigate all human rights violations. Those are the conditions we must work to in the next two years. Thank you very much.

Thank you, excellencies, distinguished colleagues. We're now going to hear the oral update of the group of human rights experts on Nicaragua, and I welcome the chair of the commission, Mr. Jan-Miko Simon. I call on Mr. Simon for his presentation.

Distinguished President, Excellencies, I am pleased to present this oral update in accordance with Resolution 5818 of this Council. I reiterate what I have said on other occasions. We regret that we do not have access to the territory of Nicaragua. or the cooperation of the Government, which has not responded to our many requests for information. Distinguished delegates, even outside the borders of Nicaragua, exiles are not safe from persecution by the Government of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo. Since the beginning of our mandate, We have pointed out that the violations perpetrated by the government of Nicaragua have spread beyond its territory. Today, we publish a complementary report entitled, "Nicaragua: Persecution Beyond Borders, Exile and Transnational Human Rights Violations." The report focuses on the victims of transnational violations and the methods employed by the Nicaraguan state to deter, punish and silence exiled Nicaraguans. Transnational violations deepen a generalized climate of fear, a lack of protection, isolation and self-censorship among the victims. These form part of a state policy designed to suppress any dissent. This policy is based on a scalable governance model that employs a long-arm strategy of violations and undermines safe havens. The process begins with the uprooting of the victims and the erosion of their legal identity and extends to their economic collapse, social isolation, and pervasive surveillance. The government resorts to large-scale use of arbitrary deprivation of nationality as a tool of political persecution. Most of the victims have become stateless in clear contravention of Nicaragua's international obligations under the Convention of 1961 on the reduction of statelessness, to which it has been party since 2003. Other transnational practices of violations against Nicaraguans have been prohibition of entry into their own country and the denial of or suppression of official documents such as passports and birth certificates, even those of children. When the victims have no other nationality, they find themselves in a situation of de facto statelessness without the effective protection of their state of origin. In many cases, these practices seriously compromise the regularization of their migration status as they lack official documentation to prove their situation. Frequently, the authorities have also resorted to punishing family members of exiled Nicaraguans who remain in the country, including children. Punishment by association has generated terror among the population in exile and their relatives. It has also caused profound suffering and intense feelings of guilt, and has had particularly severe effects on the mental and emotional health of children. By targeting the most vulnerable loved ones of opponents, the State has demonstrated its willingness to use any means to suppress dissent. Delegates, We have identified and documented the existence of an extensive and complex surveillance and intelligence network, which has been crucial to the state's ability to identify, locate and monitor Nicaraguans in exile. The Defence Intelligence Directorate, the military intelligence agency, plays a central role in this transnational surveillance. We have received multiple testimonies from individuals who report being photographed, followed, harassed, approached by unknown persons and threatened while abroad. We have also identified that the digital espionage against exiles and their families constitutes a sustained pattern of transnational violations. Particularly serious and worrying are the reports of murders and murder attempts against Nicaraguans in exile, which are under investigation by the competent authorities. A particularly visible case was the murder of retired Nicaraguan army major exiled in Costa Rica, Roberto Samcam, on 19 June this year. A few days ago, the Costa Rican Judicial Investigation Agency arrested four people. Three of them were remanded in pre-trial detention. Furthermore, the Attorney General confirmed that his office continued to follow several lines of investigation, intending to find the intellectual authors of this crime. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, the situation inside Nicaragua continues to worsen every day. The documented incidents, revealed the continuity of the state policy described in our previous appearances before this Council. It combines physical and psychological violence, political persecution, and legal reconfiguration of the state to crush all dissent and maintain total control over the population. We have documented a significant increase in simultaneous arbitrary detentions in multiple departments of the country, including operations under which several family members were detained at the same time. Our concern for the situation of political prisoners has not diminished. Enforced disappearances have intensified. Periods of incommunicado detention have increased. We have sent a letter to the government of Nicaragua requesting information on the fate and whereabouts of 13 persons and regret that we have had no response so far. We have learned recently of two deaths in custody, both of which occurred during the enforced disappearance of the victims. We've also documented arbitrary detentions and arrests of retired military personnel and people who belong to the historic circle of Daniel Ortega, demonstrating that no sector is exempt from state control and repression. The Ortega-Murillo government continues to target religious institutions with recurrent practices such as simon censorship, Surveillance of masses, the presence of undercover agents, restriction of processions, and confiscation.

Your Excellencies, some of these violations. fall in with previously identified patterns that constitute prima facie crimes against humanity, including persecution on political grounds. There is no doubt that transnational human rights violations against Nicaraguans living in exile will continue until the international community puts an end to them. We urgently appeal to the international community to implement comprehensive measures to protect Nicaraguans in exile. And in order to do this, we recommend the following. There should be expedited pathways to asylum, refuge or naturalization in line with the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and its protocol and the Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness of 1961. There must be protection afforded to de jure stateless persons as enshrined in the 1954 Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. There must be the adoption of accountability measures before the International Court of Justice for violations of international obligations. There must be the investigation of crimes, and there must be accountability for individual criminal responsibility, whether these perpetrators are Nicaraguan state officials or non-state intermediaries. We must also see the extension of legal action and targeted sanctions against individuals, institutions and entities identified by us as a group, particularly in the reports submitted to the Council session prior to this one. We urge the heeding of recommendations in the additional document that we have published today. Thank you for your attention.

Thank you.

I note that the delegation of Nicaragua is still not present in the room. So my thanks to Mr. Jean-Michel Simon for the presentation that he's made to us today. Ladies and gentlemen, we can now begin our general debate on agenda item 4. I would remind you that the requests for rights of reply will be dealt with at the end. I would like all speakers to please respect the speaking time as granted. And as previously, the full statements can be uploaded to the internet. In 15 minutes, the speakers list will close, and we can begin with speakers who are Council members. And I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Kingdom on behalf of a group of countries.

On behalf of six countries, in April, this Council renewed the mandate of the Commission of Inquiry on Syria by a landmark consensus. The Commission continues to fulfill an important role to document human rights violations and abuses across the country. We appreciate the Syrian government's facilitation and welcome the Commission's report on the violence in the coastal region. We welcome positive steps made by the government. Their investigation into the coastal violence and the establishment of the Commissions on Transitional Justice and Missing Persons are important steps towards justice and reconciliation. However, challenges remain. The violence in Sweida in July was horrific. Attacks that threaten the peace, stability, and territorial integrity of Syria are unacceptable. We welcome the establishment of an investigatory committee and the efforts to develop a roadmap to address the crisis in Sweida, as agreed by Syria, Jordan, and the United States. Transparent and tangible action against all perpetrators is required. The justice system must serve all Syrians, regardless of their religious or ethnic background. We note the role that the OHCHR, the IIIM, and the IIIMP can play and encourage further cooperation to complement national efforts. We reaffirm our strong commitment to the full respect of the sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of Syria. Now is the time to take the steps for an inclusive political process which brings accountability and justice to all. Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the European Union on behalf of a group of countries.

the honor to speak on behalf of the European Union.

North Macedonia and Montenegro align themselves with this statement.

Regarding Belarus, Burundi, DPRK, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Haiti, or the atrocities committed in Sudan, refer to our statements throughout the session. We reiterate our resolute condemnation of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine that grossly violates international law. The EU is deeply concerned over the increasing number of civilians killed and injured. We remain deeply concerned about the intensifying repression in Russia. The EU deplores the dire humanitarian situation

in Gaza, including the famine declared in parts of Gaza, and the continuously escalating violence in the West Bank.

We call for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and the unconditional release of all hostages. We are deeply concerned about the human rights situation in Iran, particularly the persistently high and alarming rate of executions.

We reiterate our concerns about the situation in China, in particular in Xinjiang and Tibet and in Hong Kong.

Human rights defenders must be released. We urge China to cooperate effectively with OHCHR, including towards the implementation of the recommendations of the assessment report. In Turkey, we reiterate our concerns about deterioration in the areas of democracy, rule of law, human rights, and independence of judiciary.

Our full statement is available online.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan on behalf of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.

Thank you, Mr. President. The OIC group reaffirms its support to the mandate of the Council in promoting universal respect for all human rights. However, this mandate cannot be effectively and efficiently fulfilled unless human rights are seen through the prism of interdependence, indivisibility, and interrelatedness. The OIC has been consistently reiterating that selectivity in approaches contradicts these cherished principles and is counterproductive. On the one hand, the human rights system is facing liquidity crisis, and on the other, there is mushrooming of country-specific mandates. Given the unhelpfulness of such politically driven and selective initiatives in the past, we stress judicious use of the office's resources when creating or extending mandates. Mr. President, the unspeakable violations of Palestinians. Human rights and genocidal campaign against them must end and accountability instituted. The heart-wrenching tragedy in Gaza is but a result of the perennial denial of the right to self-determination of the Palestinians and foreign occupation. The latest harrowing findings of the COI should be a wake-up call for all. Lastly, we urge the Council's attention towards systematic and persistent human rights violations in other situation of foreign occupation which remain on the agenda of the UN but have become blind spots for many members and observers of this Council. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you.

The delegation of Algeria is not in the room, so I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, President. It's an honor for me to take the floor on behalf of the Group of Friends to Defend the UN Charter. We grant maximum importance to the promotion and protection of all human rights pursuant to the principles of impartiality, objectivity, transparency, non-selectivity, non-politicization, and non-confrontation. We emphasize the importance of respecting the principle of sovereignty enshrined in the principles of the Charter. We express our concern at the ongoing proliferation of mechanisms on the situation of human rights in specific countries which lack the consent of the state concerned. It is immoral and totally contradictory for certain governments to stand as supposed defenders of human rights when their deliberate systematic policies, such as the unlawful implementation of unilateral coercive measures, the use of force or threat of use of force, lead to massive human rights violations for millions of persons, including crimes against humanity. Our groups say that there is no option except dialogue and cooperation in any process whose real goal is strengthening human rights.

Thank you, sir. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement.

Thank you, Mr. President. The NAM reaffirms that human rights issues must be addressed with a global context through a constructive, non-confrontational, non-politicized, non-selective, and dialogue-based approach with a fair and equal manner. We reiterate that in addressing human rights situations, the Council needs to do so with objectivity, respect for national security and territorial integrity, plus noninterference in the internal affairs of states, and we expect that to be done with impartiality, nonselectivity, and transparency with the guiding principles of the Charter. We echo the movement's dismay and unequivocal condemnation of gross and systematic violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms and situations that constitute serious obstacles to their full enjoyment. In this regard, the movement expresses its deep concern over the proliferation of the practice of selective adoption of country-specific resolutions in this Council, which is a tool that exploits human rights for political purposes and breaches the principles of universality, objectivity, and non-selectivity in addressing human rights issues. The movement emphasizes that the UPR actually affords a platform for constructive dialogue and platform for the Council to review the human rights situation, enhance the cooperation and non-confrontational approach.

Finally, Mr. President, we call

upon the Council to promote international cooperation and constructive dialogue and prevent the occurrence of practices of double standards, selectivity and political manipulation. The NAM remains committed.

I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on behalf of a different group of countries.

I'm making the statement on behalf of the like-minded group. Like-minded countries reject the recent politicization of agenda item 4 of this Council, and we are firmly opposed to resolutions imposed on specific countries that are politically grounded and don't have the consent of the country concerned. This discriminatory selective practice represents double standards and it violates the principles of universality, impartiality, non-selectivity and non-confrontation, amongst others. What has been done in the Council shows its lack of efficacy, and it represents the waste of a large amount of financial resources. We are deeply concerned at the proliferation of naming and shaming policies aiming to interfere in the domestic affairs of some states and undermine the economic and social status of sovereign states, violating the fundamental principles of the UN Charter and of international law. We launch an appeal to the OHCHR and to the Human Rights Council to promote constructive dialogue and to cooperate with all governments in accordance with their national priorities and real situation, avoiding politicization, selectivity and double standards.

Thank you. Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran on behalf of a group of countries.

Mr. President. We, a group of like-minded countries, wish to express our deep concern over the environment created by certain Western countries unfairly targeting independent and developing states under the pretext of promotion and protection of human rights within this council and under item four of its agenda. It is evident that the practice of politicization and double standards employed in this council cannot and will not serve the genuine purpose of promoting and protecting human rights. Unfortunately, human rights are being misused as a pretext, an instrument to destabilize sovereign nations, to impose harsh and discouraging sanctions, and ultimately to achieve a specific political objective. Once those objectives are met, the so-called Human Rights Council suddenly disappear. We are further concerned by the emerging practice in which political pressure and the imposition of dictated cooperation are being prioritized over genuine cooperation and dialogue based on consent, mutual respect, and the real priorities and needs of states. This Council, therefore, is drifting ever further from the principles and objectives enshrined in its founding instruments. We therefore call upon this Council, its member states, and the Office of the High Commissioner to refrain from such approaches and return to the path of constructive dialogue, genuine cooperation, and respect for the principle of universality, impartiality, and non-selectivity. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of France.

President, for the past three and a half years, the independent commission of inquiry is alerting us on the mass crimes committed in Ukraine by Russia. France renews its firm support for Ukrainians who resist Russian aggression with courage, which commands our attention. We reaffirm our support for Russian and Belarusian civil societies that are enduring unrelenting repression. Now faced with the serious humanitarian situation in Gaza, France is mobilizing for a two-state solution, and this is the reason for the conference yesterday organized at the margins of the General Assembly with Saudi Arabia, marking the recognition of the state of Palestine by France and promoting a political solution based on the goals of the New York Declaration. We must have support for reformed political authority, disarming Hamas, and rebuilding Gaza, and having a ceasefire and liberation of all hostages still detained by Hamas is our absolute goal. We reiterate our condemnation for the M23 offenses supported by Rwandan defense forces in the east of the DRC. We call Rwanda and DRC to respect their commitments as part of the Washington Accord agreement. France renews its condemnation of human rights violations committed by the Iranian regime. We reiterate our appeal for the freeing of all European citizens, including three French citizens that are arbitrarily detained. We urge the Iranian authorities to put an end to their policy of state hostages.

Thank you.

I recognize the representative of Cyprus.

Mr. President, Cyprus aligns with the EU statement. We reiterate this Council's duty to address human rights violations and specific country situations. We condemn Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine, which has led to grave violations of international humanitarian and human rights law. The forcible transfer and deportation of Ukrainian children continues with impunity. Russia must end its aggression immediately and withdraw its troops from Ukraine. We reiterate the urgency of an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and the unimpeded flow of humanitarian aid at scale in line with the principles of international humanitarian law. The territorial and demographic status of the Gaza Strip must remain grounded in international law. Hamas must unconditionally release all hostages. We are alarmed by the institutionalized pushback against gender equality in Afghanistan. In Sudan, we are deeply concerned by the rise in civilian killings, including summary executions and conflict-related sexual violence. We remain seriously concerned about the continued erosion of democracy, the rule of law, and fundamental freedoms in Turkey. We condemn the targeting of civil and political actors, civil society, journalists, minority groups, and others, including through arbitrary detentions. Turkey must respect all rulings of the European Court of Human Rights And it must also withdraw its troops from the northern part of Cyprus and commit to a peaceful settlement in line with relevant Security Council resolutions. Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba.

Thank you, President. Cuba reiterate its firm rejection of politically motivated mandates against individual countries that are always countries of the South. We must reform these mandates costing millions of dollars and yielding no specific results on the ground because they don't have the consent of the countries concerned and they close the door to cooperation between states, which is necessary. No, nobody has the authority to consider that they are a paradigm in this right, and they can't use human rights to stigmatize and interfere in the domestic affairs of others, especially when some of the countries doing this are accomplices in the barbarism and genocide committed by Israel against the Palestinian people. We've seen threats against Venezuela as well. The deployment of forces in the Caribbean by the United States is an act of aggression against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. The United States government can't be permitted to use threats or use of force in flagrant violation of the charter and violating Latin America and the Caribbean as a zone of peace. We must. This is a violation of our people's right to peace.

Thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Ethiopia reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights, both nationally and globally. We underscore that the work of this Council must be guided by the principles of objectivity, non-selectivity, and non-politization. Any deviation from these principles will undermine the credibility and effectiveness of the Council. Ethiopia acknowledges that ensuring the promotion and protection of human rights is a shared responsibility, requiring genuine dialogue, cooperation, and full respect for national sovereignty. To this end, mechanisms established without the consent of the concerned states undermine trust and compromise the Council's credibility. We underscore that responses to human rights concerns must be country-led, context-specific, and grounded in respect for national ownership. Furthermore, Ethiopia acknowledges that lasting human rights progress cannot be achieved in isolation from development, peace, and security. In this context, Ethiopia continues to advance peace, stability, and human rights through a comprehensive transitional justice policy, inclusive national dialogue, and wide-ranging economic and institutional reforms. We emphasize the importance of technical assistance and capacity building and strengthening national mechanisms and advancing the implementation of universal periodic review recommendations. In conclusion, Ethiopia firmly believes that fostering genuine cooperation with the states respecting national Thank you.

The list of speakers is now closed and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of China.

Mr. President, this year marks the 80th anniversary of the UN, yet global governance is still faced with severe challenges. That is why President Xi Jinping put forward a global governance initiative to advance the international order towards greater fairness and justice. Human rights belong to all peoples, not the exclusive domain of a few nations, and certainly not a tool for attacking others. China firmly opposes the practice of naming and shaming in the Council or exerting political pressure, and we are against imposition of country-specific mechanisms without the consent of the countries concerned. The EU and some countries, under the guise of human rights, arbitrarily attack and smear developing countries, interfere in their internal affairs, and impose unilateral coercive measures, while turning a blind eye to their own racial discrimination and violation of the rights of refugees and migrant rights. China has always adhered to the people-centered approach. Xinjiang and Tibet enjoy prosperity, stability, and religious harmony. In Hong Kong, residents enjoy extensive rights and freedoms under the law. The judicial organs strictly handle cases according with the law. Certain countries, driven by political motives, spare no efforts in hyping China-related issues at the Council and slander China. China firmly opposes, opposes, resolutely rejects these actions. China remains steadfast in our path of peaceful development and genuine multilateralism, working together with all countries to promote a healthy development of the global human rights cause. Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Switzerland.

Mr. President. Switzerland remains concerned by restrictions to the freedom of expression in China. In Hong Kong, we are concerned at the issuing of extraterritorial arrest warrants against pro-democracy activists. We reiterate our appeal for a full respect of the international obligations relating to the rights of minorities in Xinjiang and Tibet. Switzerland firmly condemns large-scale violence in Sudan, including recent attacks by the Rapid Support Forces in El Fasher. Repeated attacks by all parties to the conflict against civilians and the use of famine constitute war crimes, and they must immediately cease. The ongoing worsening security and humanitarian situation in occupied Palestinian territories is unacceptable. Attacks against civilians and civilian infrastructure and the violence of settlers must cease, as must the holding of hostages. The use of famine as a weapon of war is strictly prohibited by international humanitarian law, and we ask for swift and untrammeled humanitarian access. We urge the parties to respect international law, to conclude a ceasefire, and work for a peace based on a two-state solution. In Tunisia, we are concerned by the abusive resorting to legislation to combat terrorism and cybercrime to prosecute.

The President interrupts the speaker. I give the floor to the Republic of Korea.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Republic of Korea remains deeply concerned about the report of the lack of accountability on part of Belarus for human rights violations. The reported intimidation against lawyers is of particular concern. as it undermines the fair trial rights of individuals detained on political grounds. We call on Belarus to conduct effective and independent investigations into all alleged human rights violations. Regarding Syria, my delegation values the continued effort by Syria to address the grave human rights violations committed under the previous regime. Taking note of Syria's commitment to reject division and to fulfill the human rights of all people, its people in all their diversity, we encourage Syria to continue its endeavors to ensure justice and uphold human rights in accordance with international standards. Last but not least, we express concern at the reports regarding Nicaragua, that its legal reforms, including the adoption of electoral laws restricting citizens' participation, undermine political pluralism and the rule of law. In the same vein, my delegation is of the view that Nicaragua's decision to withdraw from the Human Rights Council is deeply regrettable. We sincerely hope for its full engagement with international human rights mechanisms. I thank you.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Czechia.

President, the Czech Republic aligns itself with the EU statement. Russia's war of aggression in Ukraine continues to inflict immense suffering on civilians. We call for the release of Ukrainian civilians, including Halyna Dovopola, Irina Danilovych, and Volodymyr. Vladimir Ananiev. We are alarmed by the escalating repression of civil liberties in Russia and Belarus, which we address in separate national statements. We remain deeply concerned about widespread civil restrictions on fundamental freedoms, shrinking civic space, and reprisals against civil society in China. We call for the immediate release of all detained human rights defenders, among others, Gao Zhenzheng, Zhang Zhan, In Nicaragua, we continue to witness repression of any form of dissent. We call for the release of all those arbitrarily detained, among others, Fabiola Tercero Castro or Lesbia del Sororo Gutiérrez. In Cuba, political prisoners such as José Daniel Ferrer or Félix Navarro are still held in degrading conditions solely for exercising their rights to freedom of opinion and expression. We call for the immediate release of all political prisoners. With regard to development in transition context, we welcome the renewed commitments of the interim authorities in Syria to protect the rights of all communities in Syria without any discrimination and the pursuit of national human rights accountability mechanisms.

Thank you.

I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.

Mr. President, Agenda item 4 has increasingly become a vehicle for politicization, naming and shaming, and the adoption of country-specific resolutions without the consent of the countries concerned. Such practices undermine this Council's credibility, and it is what drove the reform of the UN Human Rights Commission almost a decade ago. They also run counter to universality, impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity. We are also deeply concerned about the proliferation of mandate activities under this agenda item, which only creates duplication and redundancy. Some member states, while driving these selective practices, continue to sideway from accountability for blatant human rights violations and the ongoing genocide committed by Israel in Gaza. This is yet another glaring example of double standards. Moreover, the current liquidity crisis leaves this country-specific mechanism almost untouched, while the burden falls disproportionately on developing countries and their priorities under agenda item 3. True impartiality requires confronting such inherent biases. Finally, we stress that sustainable progress cannot be achieved through coercion, but by empowering countries.

We call on all member states and all- Thank you.

I call on Georgia.

We have already voiced our concerns about the situation in Venezuela and Nicaragua. In Syria, we once again emphasize the importance of achieving a sustainable, peaceful, and inclusive future for Syrian people and encourage relevant steps. Russia's ongoing war of aggression against Ukraine represents a blatant breach of international law, bringing immense human suffering, destruction, and loss of innocent lives. In Georgia's Abkhazia and Tskhinvali regions, illegally occupied and under effective control of the Russian Federation, civilians face a persistent pattern of human rights abuses. These include torture and ill treatment, violations of the right to life and health, arbitrary detentions, kidnappings, severe restrictions of freedom of movement, as well as ethnic discrimination and prohibition of education in native Georgian language. Regrettably, also hundreds of thousands of IDPs and refugees are still deprived of their right to return to their homes. Russian Federation, as confirmed by the decisions of European Court of Human Rights and the International Criminal Court, bears full responsibility for these violations. Denial of access for OHCHR and other international human rights mechanisms further aggravates the circumstances of people living under occupation.

Thank you.

Thank you. I call on Japan.

Thank you, Mr. President. The continued grave human rights and humanitarian situations around the world are a matter of great concern. Russia's continuing aggression against Ukraine is highly regrettable. Any unilateral attempt to change the status quo by use of force must never be allowed. Any violations of UN Charter or human rights must be immediately rectified. We strongly urge Russia to comply with the ICCPR, the CAT, and other international human rights agreements. The human rights situation in Xinjiang is seriously concerning. Universal values such as freedom, human rights, and the rule of law must be ensured in China. This also applies to the situations in Hong Kong and Tibet. Japan strongly urges China to take further concrete positive steps, including transparent information sharing. The issue of the abductions by DPRK is a matter concerning Japan's sovereignty and the lives and security of the Japanese people. It is also a violation of fundamental human rights. This issue must be resolved without delay as the families of the abductees are growing older. Japan strongly urges North Korea to let the abduction victims return to their homes immediately and counts on the international community's understanding and cooperation in this regard. I thank you.

Thank you. I call on Spain.

Thank you, President. Spain aligns with the statement by the European Union. The General Assembly and this Council have been speaking of the terrible situation in Gaza. The indiscriminate killing of civilians, the lack of access for assistance makes it a systematic human rights violation. Spain will continue to support the work of the ICC and the ICJ and seek a two-state solution. The Russian Federation is attacking the international order through its aggression against Ukraine. Our support to the Ukrainian people and its sovereignty is unbreakable. Russia must free all of the arbitrary detainees and stop transferring children forcibly. On Nicaragua, we call on the Nicaraguan authorities to end the political and social repression and immediately free all political prisoners. We are concerned at the rise in Venezuela of political repression and call for the freeing of all individuals arbitrarily detained, including dual nationals, who are being deprived of consular assistance. the cooperation with the Council's mechanisms and the Office of the High Commissioner of solution to these severe human rights violations. We also condemn in Afghanistan the repression of women and girls and call for accountability. Thank you.

Thank you.

I call on the Netherlands.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Kingdom of the Netherlands aligns itself with the EU statement. We are deeply concerned about a number of crises and grave human rights situations. The suffering of the civilian population in Gaza is indescribable. We reiterate our strong call for an immediate and permanent ceasefire, the release of all hostages, and the immediate delivery of much more humanitarian aid. We are deeply concerned by the intensification of the Israeli operation in Gaza and the deteriorating situation in the West Bank. We condemn Israeli steps and statements that allude to annexation. All parties must fully comply with their obligations under international human rights law. The continuous and large-scale violations in Sudan remain profoundly concerning, especially widespread sexual violence and child recruitment. We urgently call on the warring parties to protect civilians, end the fighting, and to enable a lasting ceasefire, and to fully cooperate with the independent international fact-finding mission. We condemn in the strongest possible terms Russia's continuing war of aggression against Ukraine. Russia must immediately and unconditionally cease its aggression and withdraw all of its military. We deplore the mounting civilian death toll and the ongoing atrocities committed by Russian forces, including torture, sexual violence, and summary executions. We call on Russia to return all arbitrarily detained civilians and forcibly transferred or deported persons. We call on China to implement all recommendations of the UPR, treaty bodies, and the OHCHR Xinjiang report. The freedom of religion or belief of Uyghur Muslims and other faiths must be protected.

We also remain concerned about….

Thank you.

My delegation reaffirms its commitment to constructive dialogue, international cooperation, respect for national sovereignty in human rights matters. It is for each state freely to determine the best way and term, like its priorities, capacities, and political, historical, social, historical, and cultural specificities to promote fundamental rights. For the Council, it is crucial to exercise its mandate in cooperation, adopting resolutions based on consensus and unity of the international community. We call for scrupulous respect of the principles of universality, neutrality, and objectivity, rejecting selectivity, politicization, and double standards. All countries must be treated with impartiality. without unjustified complacency. We are concerned at the proliferation, often redundant, of certain mandates created in the context of a budgetary crisis, restricted access to concerned countries, high costs, and limited impact on the populations. It is urgent to reassess their efficiency and added value.

Thank you.

Thank you. I call on the Maldives.

Thank you, Mr. President. As the High Commissioner highlighted in his update, when violations of law are ignored, they risk become normalized. When applied selectively, the law itself is weakened. That is why the international community must remain united in upholding human rights and protecting the most vulnerable. This is especially urgent in the situations of Palestine and Myanmar. Mr. President, we remain gravely concerned about the worsening humanitarian crisis in Gaza and the occupied Despite repeated calls from the international community, violence has only kept escalating. In September, the UN Commission of Inquiry reported that Israel has committed genocide against Palestinians in Gaza. This underscores the urgent need for accountability. The rights and dignity of the Palestinian people must be upheld. On Myanmar, the situation remains deeply troubling. Since the military coup in 2021, serious international crimes have continued, and the suffering of the people has only intensified. The aspirations for justice, peace, and a return to democracy must not go unanswered. Mr. President, it is vital that Member States safeguard the independence of this Council's mechanisms. We therefore call on all States to engage constructively with mandate holders, strengthening this Council's credibility and in a more peaceful and just future.

I thank you.

Thank you.

I call on Germany.

Thank you, Mr. President. Time and again, this Council has heard about Russia's violations of international law. Russia must stop its war of aggression and the killing in Ukraine. Russia's repression of civil society, media and political activists and other human rights violations must stop in Russia itself and in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. We are profoundly alarmed by the humanitarian situation in Gaza, exacerbated by the current military offensive on Gaza City. The German Government has suspended issuing export permits for the delivery of military equipment that can be used in Gaza. There needs to be an immediate ceasefire. Hamas must release all hostages. The provision of humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip must be increased substantially and swiftly. Israel bears primary responsibility to make that possible. Regarding the West Bank, we strictly oppose recent settlement decisions and annexation plans that could make a two-state solution impossible. We firmly condemn settler violence and urge Israel to ensure criminal prosecution. The human rights situation in China continues to be of grave concern, including in Tibet and Xinjiang. In Hong Kong, political rights are being eroded. We call on China to respect freedom of religion and belief. of freedom of expression and assembly. We condemn the use of transnational repression by a number of states and other actors on their behalf across all regions. Thank you.

Thank you.

I call on Iceland.

Thank you. Mr. President, Iceland reaffirms the urgent responsibility of this Council to confront grave and escalating human rights violations wherever they occur. The most serious abuses are too often committed in situations of war and armed conflict where civilians, particularly women and children, continue to bear the heaviest burden. Israel's ongoing military operations against and within Palestine are way beyond proportional self-defense and, along with the relentless obstruction of humanitarian assistance, constitute serious violations of international law. The two-state solution remains the only viable and morally justifiable path forward. Iceland once again reiterates the call for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, the restoration of humanitarian access, and the release of all hostages. Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine continues to inflict devastating human suffering. The deliberate targeting of civilians as well as schools, hospitals, and critical infrastructure are grave breaches of international law. We are particularly outraged by the forcible transfer of Ukrainian children who must be reunited with their families without delay. In Afghanistan, we reiterate the call for accountability to address long-standing impunity for serious past and ongoing international crimes committed in Afghanistan. Mr. President, multilateralism and the international human rights system require our unwavering commitment and resolve. I thank you.

Thank you.

I call on Sudan.

Thank you, Mr. President. We stress on the importance of this Council in operating in an objective and professional way and to respond to the needs and the priorities of countries, and we categorically reject double standards and the misuse of the Council and the lack of respect of national specificities. And we stress the importance of countries in upholding human rights. in an ongoing manner in order to preserve a dignified life for its citizens. In my country, there have been violations of human rights on different bases, despite all systematic violations. There are countries that support human rights violations. However, my country is still upholding its responsibility to protect its people and to preserve peace and the achievement of dialogue with all parties to achieve reconciliation. We have repeatedly expressed how committed we are to protect civilians. Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you.

Mr. President, Syria today is standing at a critical junction after 14 years of destruction and decades of more destruction and violation of human rights. In this respect, we stress the importance of national unity and trust and the building of institutions and to enhance development and to have a comprehensive political dialogue owned by the Syrian people and including all its components. Transitional justice and the two independent commissions of inquiry and positive cooperation with the independent commission of inquiry is a positive step to hold itself accountable in the crimes and violations of human rights to achieve accountability and justice. We welcome the roadmap agreed upon by Syria and Jordan and the United States to achieve stability in the south and in the region at large. We call all parties to refrain from escalation and destabilization, and we call upon the international community to provide developmental and humanitarian assistance to lift sanctions and take all possible means to put an end to Israeli violations and their occupation of Syrian soil. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

Thank you. Malawi.

Mr. President, Malawi reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights, guided by the principles of universality, impartiality, and non-selectivity enshrined in international human rights law. We remain concerned to the persistence of grave human rights violations in many parts of the world, particularly situations where geopolitical interests override human rights imperatives, leading to selective application of international law and undermining the Council's credibility. The international community must not allow strategic considerations to eclipse our collective responsibility to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms. The Council must respond to grave human rights situations, in a principled, impartial, and non-selective manner, while upholding the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states. Malawi emphasizes the need for constructive dialogue, preventive diplomacy, and genuine cooperation with consent states to address the root causes of violations.

At the same time, we underscore the importance of ensuring accountability for perpetrators and redress for victims in line with international law. I thank you.

Mr. President, Vietnam, as a nation governed by the rule of law,

upholds human rights through its constitution and a robust legal system. Our approach is anchored in a steadfast commitment to sustainable, inclusive development that place people at the center

and ensures no one is left behind.

We view the promotion and protection of human

rights as a continuous, universal responsibility, one we apply within our own borders.

We

emphasize the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity, and firmly reject double standards and politicization in human rights discourse.

Vietnam believes that genuine dialogue and cooperation are essential to advancing human rights, bridging differences, fostering shared values, and encouraging joint action while fully respecting national sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and non-interference in domestic affairs.

I thank you.

Thank you. I call on Belgium.

Mr. President, my delegation aligns with the statement by the European Union. Human rights defenders and journalists play a crucial role in promoting and protecting human rights. In Russia, we condemn systemic repression of civil society, human rights defenders, independent media, and journalists, as well as the ongoing decline in human rights in Iran. We reiterate our concern at the disproportionate use of force against all those who peacefully defend human rights and the wave of mass arrests of persons accused of collaboration with espionage. We are alarmed by the new rise in executions and the calls for speedier trials. We call on Iran to abstain from new executions and ensure due process to all detainees. Belgium remains gravely concerned, finally, by the Middle East crisis and the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. There is almost no space for human rights defenders and journalists to carry out their essential role. Freedom of movement is severely restricted, harming the collection of independent information. The situation is damaging to any transparency, but also to accountability. of perpetrators. I thank you.

Thank you. I call on Ghana on behalf of the Group of African States.

Mr. President, the African Group recalls the inalienable rights to self-determination and the heroic struggles of our peoples for independence, dignity, and economic emancipation. Our resolve to promote and protect human and people's rights predates multilateral fora, and our countries remain committed to strengthening rights and freedoms in line with the UN Charter. Human rights and fundamental freedoms must be respected for all, everywhere, without distinction of race, color, sex, language, religion, opinion, origin, property, birth, or status. In the face of today's global challenges and geopolitical context, the African group reaffirms the importance of multilateralism that fosters dialogue and trust, including within the Human Rights Council. As General Assembly Resolution 6251 makes clear, the promotion of human rights must rest on cooperation and genuine dialogue, aimed at strengthening states' capacity to meet obligations. Regrettably, politicization in the Council undermines our common goals. It is often It is too often used for political objectives, the African group stresses that the, the council must function cooperatively, non-confrontationally and objectively, while giving the attention to African priorities. initiatives. We call on all states to promote solidarity and cooperation, focus on technical assistance and capacity building, and avoid selectivity and double standards. The principles of universality, objectivity, and impartiality must be upheld, alongside respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the primary

responsibility of the state.

I am honored to deliver the statement on behalf of the Arab States. The Arab Group believes that human dignity is the core human rights, and it condemns the violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms all over the world. It stresses everybody's right to enjoy human rights without distinction. The Arab Group expresses its concern towards polarization and politicization in the Human Rights Council. The Council, when considering human rights issues, should abide by universality, objectivity, and being away from politicization and double standards. We deplore the double standards practiced by some countries regarding the occupied Palestinian territories, which reflect lack of credibility. We stress our principled position when it comes to human rights under item 4 or other agenda items. in a manner that is commensurate with the principles based on which it was established and as agreed upon since its inception. We call upon the Human Rights Council and the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights to address human rights in the spirit of dialogue and constructive cooperation in a manner that goes in line with the national specificities of each country. Thank you, Mr. Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. That was the list.

And we move on immediately to the list of Council observers. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Turkey.

Thank you, Mr. President. The international system is at a critical juncture. The erosion of international humanitarian law and human rights norms demands Urgent and collective resolve. Across conflicts, civilians remain the primary victims, with children, women, and girls bearing a disproportionate share of the suffering. Selective accountability erodes the credibility of our system. In Gaza, systematic starvation, destruction of civilian infrastructure, and the obstruction of humanitarian aid constitute grave breaches of international law. These must not pass without accountability. We welcome the global surge in the recognition of the state of Palestine. which is essential for peace. Turkey will continue to stand with the Syrian people and government, reaffirming our commitment to Syria's sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity, and to the cause of peace and prosperity. The surge of racism, Islamophobia and far-right rhetoric, coupled with restrictions on pro-Palestinian voices, threatens democratic values. The EU's selective approach weakens its moral authority. Human rights cannot be applied with double standards. Mr. President, Turkey is a democratic, secular, and social state governed by the rule of law. We firmly uphold our international obligations, and unfounded allegations have zero merit. Thank you.

Thank you, Akin. On Sweden.

Mr. President, the EU and the Nordic Baltic countries have raised human rights concerns, which we share, including in Afghanistan, Myanmar, Iran, Sudan, and Venezuela. Mr. President, Sweden remains committed to ensuring full accountability for Russia's aggression, war crimes and violations of human rights law. We welcome the steps taken towards establishing the special tribunal for the crime of aggression against Ukraine. We urge Russia to end its increasing repression and violations of human rights and to fully engage with UN human rights mechanisms. Political prisoners must be released, repressive legislation abolished, and political misuse of the judiciary end. We strongly condemn Belarus's support to Russia's aggression against Ukraine and internal repression, and we urge for the release of political prisoners. Mr. President, the suffering in Gaza is immense and worsening. Civilians are dying from starvation and violence. Israel must live up to its obligations to protect civilians and to ensure unhindered humanitarian access in accordance with IHL, and Hamas must release the hostages. Mr. President, we also remain concerned about the serious situation in China, not least in Hong Kong, Tibet, and Xinjiang. We urge China to implement the recommendations from the UPR, the OHCHR report on Xinjiang, and special procedures. And finally, we demand the release of those arbitrarily detained in several countries. I thank you.

Thank you. I call on Lithuania.

Thank you, Mr. President. We are deeply concerned about increasing global human rights challenges. and strongly condemn Russia's ongoing and provoked war of aggression against Ukraine, with Belarus acting as an accomplice. For decades, Russia has attacked the international rules-based order, threatening the sovereignty of neighboring states and committing serious violations of international law. We urge the global community to ensure full accountability for all Russia's relentless attacks and violations in Ukraine and ensure the safe return of all unlawfully deported Ukrainian children. Russia's aggression is enabled by its longstanding systemic human rights violations and restrictions of basic freedoms at home. In Belarus, brutal repression of its own population amounts to crimes against humanity. We call on Belarusian authorities to immediately and unconditionally release and rehabilitate all political prisoners and stop using instrumentalization of migrants for political purposes in complicity with Russia. We also find the human rights situation in Burundi, DPRK, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Iran, Afghanistan, and China deeply disturbing. The catastrophic humanitarian situation in Gaza and the unprecedented loss of civilian lives is also of great concern. Mr. President, Lithuania firmly believes that peace can only be achieved by upholding human rights and ensuring accountability for their violations. We call on all states to respect these principles and cooperate with UN human rights mechanism.

Thank you.

Thank you. I call on Norway.

Thank you, Mr. President. Freedom of expression, press freedom, and access to reliable information are essential for uncovering human rights violations. Norway is deeply alarmed, therefore, by the attacks on journalists in Gaza, the deadliest conflict ever for journalists. Restrictions imposed by Israeli authorities impeding foreign media from entering the territory is a serious barrier to independent reporting and, consequently, to public's right to reliable information. It compromises efforts to investigate violations of international law. We remain seriously concerned about the circumstances for free and independent media in Russia, Belarus, Azerbaijan, and China. 48 journalists and media workers are detained in Russia, 28 in Azerbaijan, and 32 in Belarus. imprisoned for having broken vague anti-extremism laws. In China, over 110 media professionals are currently detained, many of them incommunicado and under harsh conditions. We are also alarmed about the dire state of press freedom in Myanmar, Afghanistan, Nicaragua, Iran, North Korea, and Eritrea. Independent media are virtually nonexistent, and journalists and media workers face threats, detention, ill treatment, and imprisonment. President, the safety of journalists is a prerequisite for truth, accountability, and informed public debate. We call on all states to ensure the safety of journalists and end impunity for attacking them.

I thank you.

Thank you. I call on the distinguished representative of Iran.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation aligns itself with the statement of the groups it belongs to. The Islamic Republic of Iran rejects politically motivated resolutions that exploit the Council's capacity to the benefit of hegemonic approaches of some countries. We also express our deep concern over the environment created by certain Western countries like Belgium, Sweden, Lithuania, Norway, and other countries unfairly targeting independent and developing states, and the rigid adherence for keeping these mandates unchanged, even in such a harsh liquidity crisis that we face today. None of the monitoring mandates adopted by the Council under agenda item 4 have contributed, nor will contribute, to promoting the human rights situations on the ground, as they increase gaps in this Council instead of filling them. Mr. President, in alliance with the statement of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, we express our utmost concern on genocidal campaign against the occupied people of Palestine and the unspeakable violations of all human rights of the Palestinians. The silence of some Western countries toward 65,000 Palestinians who are barbarically killed in Gaza by genocidal Israel is excruciating. How they can be always worried about executions in Iran and other countries and squander the time for further killing in Palestine. This double standard approach must end, and accountability for such accomplices must be instituted. Thank you.

Uh, colleagues, um, at the end of this morning session, please remember that we want to use a language in this room that, uh, is commiserate, that, uh, is in, in good study with the, uh, reputation and the responsibility of this council, thank you very much. We will make a short technical break, but come back immediately at 12 o'clock. Therefore, I declare adjourned the 22nd session of this Human Rights Council.

Thank you.