12th Meeting - 61st Session of Human Rights Council

Good morning. I trust everybody had a good weekend. Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, I hereby declare open the 12th meeting of the 61st Session of the Human Rights Council. Good morning. Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, before proceeding to the general debate, I wish to give the floor to the distinguished representative of Afghanistan, who will speak as a country concerned by the Secretary-General's oral update to be delivered by the High Commissioner— oral update delivered by the High Commissioner last Friday. So the distinguished representative of Afghanistan, you have the floor and you have 5 minutes.

Significant efforts undertaken to operationalize the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Afghanistan. We recognize the complexity of setting up a mechanism of this scale under challenging financial and political conditions. We commend the Secretariat and OSCE HR for advancing the Terms of Reference through inclusive consultation with civil society, mandate holders, and sister mechanisms. The establishment of this mechanism represents hope against the repressive and impunity regime in Afghanistan. It marks an important step toward closing the accountability gap in our country. However, the credibility and impact of this mechanism will depend on its ability to function at the scale required by its mandate. We encourage the establishment and rapid operationalization of the Trust Fund and call upon the Member States to provide voluntary contributions. We stress that these financial limitations must not result in the marginalization of sexual and gender-based crimes or other structures' silenced harms. The mechanism procedures must embed structural safeguards that ensure gender-responsive accountability alongside the right to remedy and reparation. It must be realized that the mandate of the mechanism carries no temporal limitation, and therefore, it must be designed from the outset to document crimes across time, across structure, and across all perpetrators responsible. We also stress the integration of a gender, child victim, survivor-sensitive approach with strict confidentiality and protection measures. We insist that the Hague must possess demonstrated expertise in investigating and prosecuting serious international crimes, including gender persecution and sexual and gender-based violence. We also emphasize the indispensable importance of linguistic and contextual expertise. Investigators, analysts, and evidence specialists must possess fluency in Persian and Pashto and a deep contextual understanding of our country's legal, social, cultural, and economic dynamics. We believe that without such linguistic and contextual expertise, documentation risks being underanalyzed, distorted, mistranslated, or losing nuances, particularly in cases involving gender-based violence, gender-based violence, minority persecution, or community-specific or generational pattern of harm. We also Thank you. We also firmly believe that accountability must not be imposed but be informed by the experience of our victims and survivors. We suggest that the evidence collection, witness protection measures, and investigative priorities must be accompanied by early and meaningful consultation with victims and survivors regarding their expectation of justice and redress. We particularly stress engagement with Afghanistan civil society and further stress that the engagement with actors inside, inside our country or in exile must be careful, consistent, and practical, with secure channels, digital security support, and protection. For many of our women and girls, human rights defenders, journalists, former officials, and ethnic and religious minorities remain at serious risk, working under significant personal risk. Mr. President, the courage and hard work of Afghanistan's women survivors and civil society have laid the groundwork, and now the responsibility lies within— with this mechanism, this Council, and Member States to ensure that their testimonies lead to justice. We stand ready to support its work and urge all Member States to do the same. I thank you.

Thank you. We shall now begin with the general debate on the High Commissioner's Global Update. Before we start, I would like to remind you that all requests for a right of reply relating to statements delivered during the general debate Will be accommodated at the end of the general debate. I would also like to remind all speakers to comply with the allocated speaking time of 1 minute and 30 seconds for all. Full statements, as you all know, can be uploaded on the extranet. I thank you for your understanding and cooperation. We shall now proceed with the list of members of the Council. The list of speakers will close in 15 minutes. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the European Union on behalf of a group of countries.

I have the honor to speak on behalf of the European Union. Our full statement is online. Albania, Montenegro, Liechtenstein, and North Macedonia align themselves with this statement. It has the largest voluntary contributors to the Office of the High Commissioner. The EU and its member states support the leadership of the Office of the High Commissioner in efficiently advancing human rights and safeguarding the human rights pillar. The EU thanks you for your oral update and welcomes the reports on Colombia, Guatemala, and Honduras. We thank the Secretary-General for the oral update on the independent investigative mechanism on Afghanistan. Regarding the situations in Afghanistan, Myanmar, South Sudan and Sudan, we refer to our dedicated statements. We call on all actors for immediate de-escalation and a halt of hostilities in Afghanistan and Pakistan. We follow developments in Iran and the Middle East with utmost concern. We are concerned about the deterioration of the human rights situation in Yemen, the situation in Eritrea, Gang violence in Haiti and human rights violations in the context of general elections in Tanzania. We condemn the M23 offensive in eastern DRC and increasing repression and persecution in Georgia. We support Georgia's territorial integrity. We closely follow the human rights situation in Azerbaijan and Sri Lanka and hope for continued progress in Bahrain. Thank you.

I give the floor I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Venezuela on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. We take the floor on behalf of the friends who defend the UN Charter. We condemn what was done against Venezuela in January, the abduction of the President and the First Lady. To reaffirm rule of law internationally means more than just committing yourself in words. We must qualify what has happened independently of who is involved. The international community must demand that this should be put to an end. The growing threats and extreme UCM should be terminated. The group reaffirms its commitment— unshakeable commitment to defending the the Charter and international law. We will continue to oppose aggression, intervention, and neocolonial practices. We will maintain— we'll stand shoulder to shoulder with peoples whenever rights are threatened. The future of peace and security and justice depend on our collective determination to guarantee that international law govern relationships between nations universally, coherently, and without any exceptions. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Morocco on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. It's an honor for me to speak on behalf of a group of 40 states supporting the full and entire sovereignty over its southern provinces. The issue of Sahara is dealt with by UN Security Council, which is reaffirmed in Resolution 2797 adopted on the 31st of October. 2025, that true independence under Moroccan sovereignty can be the most realistic solution. In this context, the group welcomes the commitment of the Kingdom of Morocco through Mohammed VI, the King, to guarantee the return and the reintegration of the Tindouf populations on the basis of equality between all citizens. The group also welcomes the commitment of Morocco for a number of years now for constructive interaction, voluntary and deep interaction with the UN human rights system, and in particular the Office of the Human High Commissioner for Human Rights and Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council, many of whom have visited the southern provinces of Morocco and Sahara for the promotion and protection of human rights throughout the territory of Morocco. The resolution of this regional dispute will contribute to giving reality to the legitimate aspirations of African Arab peoples in terms of objective development objectives. The Sahara issue is dealt with by the Security Council. It's a political issue, which is— and the Security Council said that it's Resolution will be possible through Resolution 2797, which is up to the 31st of October 2025. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

Thank you. Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya on behalf of Group of African States.

Thank you, Mr. President. The African Group thanks the High Commissioner for his oral update and commends his continued commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. The African Group remains deeply concerned about the current global geopolitical context marked by persistence and provocation of conflicts. This situation seriously erodes trust among states, weakens multilateralism, and undermines collective efforts towards the maintenance of international peace and security. We firmly reiterate that there can be no sustainable peace without development and no meaningful development without the effective realization of human rights. In this regard, we underscore the inalienable nature of the right to development recognized as a universal human right. Which must be fully realized to ensure dignity, equality of opportunity, and progress for all people. The African Group called for concrete and measurable actions to raise awareness of human rights and systematically integrate these rights into all peace and security initiatives. Without such a comprehensive and inclusive approach, cycle of crisis and instability will persist. Furthermore, the Group remains concerned about the current liquidity crisis, which hampers the functioning of the Council and weakens the overall multilateral system. In conclusion, the African Group reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the Human Rights Council and its mechanisms in full respect of the principles of objectivity, impartiality, and non-selectivity. I thank you.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Venezuela on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. This is a joint statement on the purpose of the UN Charter on behalf of the group of countries. We would like to reaffirm the importance of authority and the fact that the UN Charter is fully enforced as an element, a key element of the international order. The Charter was ratified by all member states of the United Nations. Adhering to it and enforcing it is a universal legal obligation which should be done in good faith. 80 years after it was adopted, the Charter remains the regulatory framework which we absolutely need to ensure that people can live together in peace and to maintain peace and security internationally. Mutual respect, sovereignty, non-intervention, and the peaceful settlement of disputes in legal safety— fundamental principles which remain as fundamental, unshakeable pillars of the multilateral system and of international stability. The Charter needs to be enforced. It consolidates international law. It strengthens multilateralism. It reaffirms respect for the obligations stemming from treaties. It strengthens liberty, justice, and equality between peoples, and ensures that humanity can survive. The international community must continue to give priority to dialogue, to cooperation with the multilateral mechanisms, such as the only legitimate and sustainable means to tackle disputes between states and guarantee peaceful coexistence internationally. Thank you very much, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Uganda on behalf of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries.

Thank you, thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. The full text of the statement will be uploaded on the extranet. The NAM calls for constructive engagement in the Human Rights Council on all agenda items in the spirit of multilateralism, and mutual respect for the UN member states. The movement calls on the Office of the High Commissioner, in line with General Assembly Resolution 48/141, to strictly uphold in its activities the Charter of the United Nations and Universal Declaration of Human Rights, to respect sovereignty, territorial integrity, and domestic jurisdiction of states, and emphasize the universality and indivisibility of human rights. The NAM maintains a firm position of solidarity with the Palestinian people and their just cause, and condemns the massive flagrant and systematic violations of human rights and of international humanitarian law committed by Israel, the illegal occupying power. Furthermore, the NAM reaffirms its position on the need to respect the right for all to choose values and principles appropriate to their people for the protection and promotion of human rights and the rejection of attempts to impose their values and cultures under the pretext of universality of human rights. The NAM further calls on the Office of the High Commissioner to continue to highlight and address the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures which hinder the well-being of the populations of affected countries and create obstacles to the full realization of their human rights, including the right to development. I thank you, President.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Colombia on behalf of a group of countries.

Mr. President, it's an honor for me to make this statement on behalf of an inter-regional group comprised of 56 countries on the human rights situation for women and children in Afghanistan. The complete comprehensive version will be posted on the internet. We are deeply alarmed about the so-called Taliban criminal code, which institutionalized even further discrimination and violence against women and girls and seriously undermined their human rights, including Their right not to be discriminated against, to live a life free of violence, with dignity and autonomy. The provisions which allow for so-called disciplinary physical punishment by spouses mean that domestic violence is criminalized— is not criminalized anymore and normalize de jure, de facto violence against women and children. Are subject to restrictions in a whole number of areas. These measures are a systematic and institutional pattern of discrimination which can amount to international crimes. We appeal to the Taliban to rescind all of these laws and put an end to all practices that discriminate against women and girls and appeal to Afghanistan to abide by its international human rights obligations. We urge this Council and the international community in general, to use all mechanisms available to guarantee accountability and provide solid support to Afghan women and girls to defend their rights. Thank you.

Thank you. I call on the distinguished representative of Albania.

Thank you, Mr. President. On behalf of the core group consisting of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Chile, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, and my country, Albania, I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of a cross-regional group of more than 75 states representing all 5 regional groups. In the era of rising global conflict and crisis and declining respect for international law and institutions, defending and strengthening multilateralism is essential. Despite chronic underfunding, the UN human rights system has delivered transformative results. Yet today, the system faces unprecedented challenges that threaten to undermine and reverse progress achieved. As friends of human rights multilateralism, we renew our commitment to multilateralism and international cooperation in the field of human rights, grounded in full respect for the UN Charter and international human rights law, and the principles of good faith, equity and non-discrimination, solidarity and universal Reaffirm that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent, and interrelated. Prioritize securing adequate, predictable, and sustainable funding for the UN human rights pillar. Strive to create a safe and enabling environment for civil society, and engage robustly to prevent and address acts of intimidation, reprisals, or sanctions against human rights mechanisms and those cooperating with them. Thank you. The full version of this statement will be made available on the Human Rights Council extranet. I thank you.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of the European Union on behalf of a group of countries.

President, I'm making this statement on behalf of 41 countries. We appreciate Ethiopia's engagement with human rights mechanisms, including its constructive participation in the review by the Committee on the Rights of the Child and in the 4th UPR cycle. As Ethiopia prepares for general elections in June, we underline the importance of safeguarding the rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, and association. We regret the further shrinking of the closed civic space, including continued intimidation and harassment, arbitrary arrests and detentions of human rights defenders and independent media and journalists. We have been following with great concern recent developments in northern Ethiopia. Immediate de-escalation by all parties is imperative to prevent a renewed conflict that would have serious consequences for civilians and regional stability. We call on Ethiopia and all other actors to take concrete action to end violations and abuses in areas of conflict, including in Amhara, Oromia, and Tigray. We remain concerned by the stalled transitional justice process and underline the need of its swift implementation. We urge the government to implement the recommendations of the Joint Report of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission. We encourage the Office of the High Commissioner to continue monitoring the situation and keep this Council informed. Thank you.

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the UK on behalf of a group of countries.

This statement is on behalf of the Sri Lanka Core Group: Canada, Malawi, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and the UK. We extend condolences to Sri Lanka for the loss caused by Cyclone Dettwa in November. We acknowledge the government's steps to allow communities of different backgrounds to commemorate losses from the conflict era. Memorialization is vital to reconciliation, and we encourage continued progress. We reiterate our call for the repeal and non-use of the Prevention of Terrorism Act. The latest version of the proposed protection of the state from Terrorism Bill raises even greater concerns than previously. Counter-terrorism legislation must comply with Sri Lanka's human rights obligations. While some military-held land has been released, the pace remains too slow. We note recent commitments by the President on transitional justice, anti-racism, and emblematic human rights cases. However, concrete results are still limited. Key institutions remain weak, and threats against witnesses, victims, and journalists associated with cases persist. Strong, independent domestic institutions are vital to uphold human rights. The planned independent prosecutor's office must be translated into action. Finally, we thank OHCHR for its report on conflict-related sexual violence and honor those who share their experiences. We urge Sri Lanka to engage constructively, strengthen legal protections, and ensure justice for survivors. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Mozambique on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of cross-regional group of states. The group remains concerned by the continued denial of the right of self-determination of the people of Western Sahara, a non-self-governing territory under partial occupation. Occupation by Morocco since 1975. The right to self-determination is not aspirational. It is a legal entitlement enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and reaffirmed repeatedly by the General Assembly and the Security Council. It is the foundation upon which all other human rights depend. Its continued denial constitutes a serious breach of international law and undermines the credibility of the multilateral system. For the 11th consecutive year, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights has been denied access to the territory. The Secretary-General, in his 2025 report to the Security Council, notes the absence of sustained independent and impartial human rights monitoring, as well as the continued restrictions affecting engagement with United Nations mechanisms. In the same report, the Secretary-General records information concerning the exploitation of natural resources and land in Western Sahara without the consent of Sahrawi people, as well as allegations of land appropriation affecting them. Such practices raise serious concerns under the principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources and are incompatible with the right to self-determination. The political process remains—

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone on behalf of a group of countries.

Mr. President, I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of a group of friends of the Responsibility to Protect, which brings together more than 50 cross-regional delegations. In 2025 and 2026, we commemorate the twin anniversaries of the Responsibility to Protect and the Human Rights Council. Over the past 2 decades, we have strengthened our understanding of the critical role the human rights system plays in identifying early warning signs, including the incitement of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, or ethnic cleansing. Through the establishment of the special procedures, investigative and accountability mechanisms, the convening of special sessions, and its engagements with relevant stakeholders, including civil society. The Council provides a place within the multilateral system to recognize atrocities and the suffering of victims and survivors. In this regard, the role of the High Commissioner is indispensable. Its global mandates, regular reporting on situations of concern, field presence, as well as its technical assistance and capacity-building programs to support national protection systems provide a vital function that underpins effective prevention, and accountability efforts. In the context of UNHCR reform process and the liquidity crisis, we invite the High Commissioner to share his views on how states can safeguard and strengthen the Council's ability to effectively promote and protect human rights, as well as to respond to evolving challenges including atrocities crimes. And I thank you, President.

Thank you. Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, the list of speakers is now closed. And now I call on the distinguished representative of Bahrain on behalf of the Cooperation Council of the Arab States of the Gulf.

On behalf of the GCC and Jordan, we make the statement: We firmly condemn the Iranian aggressions against the territories of our countries, which is a threat to regional stability and peace, a region which has always prioritized peace and prioritized protection of all peoples of the region. Those Iranian aggressions come despite the Despite our efforts to avoid escalation in the region, despite any diplomatic efforts, despite all efforts made by the Sultanate of Oman in terms of mediation and bolstering bilateral, multilateral contacts to strengthen stability in the region, we affirm that the possible— the attack on our territory, the damage, loss of human life, are a flagrant violation of the UN Charter, of IHL, and of human rights law. It's a violation which is completely rejected. We must put an end to these acts of— growing acts of aggression. We reiterate the legitimate right of our country to defend ourselves. We urge the international community to shoulder its responsibilities to condemn— and to condemn those violations. Thank you, President.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia on behalf of Group of Arab States.

Thank you, President. The Arab Group firmly condemns the aggressions and attacks by Iran, which took as its which targeted Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Saudi, the Sultanate of Oman. Those aggressions constitute an extremely grave violation of IHL, of the UN Charter. This aggression undermines the territorial integrity of our country. These attacks violate international law and IHL. They threaten regional and international stability. The Arab Group reiterates that this intervention— that aggression comes at a time when the Arab countries were seeking to bolster dialogue and openness. This is an unjustifiable escalation that destabilizes all peace and stability efforts. The Arab Group stands in solidarity with all states that have been victims of Iranian aggressions. It is entirely our legitimate right to defend us. ourselves in step with the United Nations Charter, with international humanitarian law, for the service of our peoples. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Slovenia on behalf of a group of countries.

Thank you, Mr. President. I'm pleased to make this statement on behalf of Chile, Ecuador, Estonia, Italy, Mauritius, South Africa, United Kingdom, and my own country, Slovenia. As incoming members of the Human Rights Council, we pledge to cooperate in good faith with the Office of the High Commissioner, this Council, and its mechanisms. We pledge to address human rights concerns on their merits, applying objective and human rights-based criteria in determining whether and how the Council should respond to a situation of concern. We pledge to engage in the Council's work in a spirit of self-reflection and with a view to improving our own human rights situations. We pledge to work to fulfill the Council's prevention mandate through both technical assistance and capacity building. We pledge to work in cooperation with civil society, support civil society participation in the Council, and engage robustly to prevent and address acts of intimidation and reprisals of civil society. We are convinced these commitments when properly respected and applied, will strengthen the Council's effectiveness and credibility. The full statement is uploaded on the intranet. I thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Thailand.

Thank you, Mr. President. Thailand thanks the High Commissioner for the report. We share the view that geopolitical tensions, conflict, conflicts, environmental crisis, and rapid technological advancement without adequate safeguards adversely affect human rights, particularly the most vulnerable. This requires renewed international cooperation. The situation in the Middle East is of particular concern. We urge all parties to prevent the conflicts from further deterioration, thereby undermining international peace and security and affecting innocent civilians. Thailand reiterates the urgency of dialogue and diplomacy. At the domestic front, Thailand continues to strengthen our legal and policy framework through the enactment of the Protection and Promotion of the Way of Life of Ethnic Groups Act. We also allow displaced persons from Myanmar to work outside temporary shelters while ensuring alignment with human rights standards. This reflects our commitment to finding self-reliant solutions amid global humanitarian aid cuts. With regard to the Thai-Cambodian border situation, we reaffirm our adherence to international human rights and humanitarian law, prioritizing civilian safety and peaceful solution. As a Council member, Thailand is committed to strengthening the Council's effectiveness through rationalization, technical cooperation, and engagement in the border UN reform, including UNAT initiative. I thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Qatar for a video statement.

We condemn military— Iranian military attacks that we have— were targeted by 2 days ago, which consist of a violation of the sovereignty of Qatar, of territorial integrity of our country. It is also a violation of IHL, United Nations Charter, Article 2, Paragraph 4, which outlaws the use of force against any other country. It's an act of unjustifiable aggression which threatens populations, human rights defenders, the High Commission, The High Commissioner stated 2 days ago that regressions in respect for human rights, use of force have only exacerbated challenges and threats in the region. We are witnessing a proliferation of armed conflicts and the aggravation of atrocities. We've also witnessed an increasing use of force which will lead the world to greater damage and division. State of Qatar has always led— had been— has been at the head of countries calling for peaceful settlement of disputes, of dialogue. That's why we urge international efforts to avoid any further escalation, to heed the voice of reason, and to return to the negotiating table to avoid further disaster. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative

President, China has listened attentively to the global update by the High Commissioner. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Council, yet the international human rights cause faces daunting challenges. The current situation in the Middle East is particularly worrisome. The military attack against Iran and the killing of its Supreme Leader seriously violates Iran's sovereignty and Security tramples upon the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the basic norms of international relations, and brutally violates Iranian people's human rights. China categorically rejects and strongly condemns such acts, and urges immediate stop of military operation and return to dialogue and negotiation so as to maintain the peace and stability in the Middle East. China. Calls upon all parties to, first of all, safeguard human rights through security, respect all countries' sovereignty and territorial integrity, follow the path of peaceful development, and create an enabling environment for the achievement of human rights. Secondly, uphold a people-centered approach, regard people's interests as the fundamental starting point and the ultimate goal, and advance all types of human rights in a balanced manner. Thirdly, promote human rights through equality, conduct dialogue and cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and abandon political confrontation. This year marks the first year of China's 15th Five-Year Plan, and the sessions of the NPC and CPPCC will be convened soon. China stands ready to work with all to build the community of shared future for mankind and jointly implement the global governance initiative. I thank you, President.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Côte d'Ivoire.

Monsieur le Président. President, Côte d'Ivoire supports the statement by the African Group. We thank the High Commissioner for his steadfast commitment to promoting and protecting human rights throughout the world. My country expresses its profound concern at the current global geopolitical environment marked by the persistence of unresolved conflicts, erosion of trust between states, and growing challenges to multilateralism. Given these pressing challenges, Côte d'Ivoire stresses the need to place prevention and education at the heart of the human rights agenda, to prioritize constructive dialogue with respect to multiplication of mandates, and to step up technical assistance. Attached to the ideals of peace, the Côte d'Ivoire encourages very much use of constructive dialogue and mutual cooperation as essential levers to restore a climate of trust, which is crucial to prevent crises and for the purpose of peaceful conflict resolution. In conclusion, we call on the Human Rights Council to observe the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity so as to avoid any politicization of the debates, including on the sensitive situations such human rights situations in places in like Hong Kong, Xinjiang, and Tibet. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

President, my delegation supports the statement delivered by the African Group. We take note of the oral update by the High Commissioner as well and support I support his 4-point appeal to improve the human rights situations in conflict regions. One, there's a need to sanction all those who provide weapons to rebel movements in violation of all international rules. Violations of human rights in North and South Kivu in DRC are a consequence of this. 2, DRC fully assumes protection of all its communities. The Congolese authorities pursue their efforts to prevent and sanction all hate I respect freedom of speech. However, the alleged protection— protection of one community cannot serve as a pretext to deliberate aggression and grave violation of international law or illegal occupation of our territory by Rwanda on the— seeking to pillage the natural resources of the DRC, nor its campaign of instrumentalization against my country on that topic. Without responsibility, there can't be justice or sustainable peace. Still less human rights. To that end, the DRC has asked for and obtained from this Council an independent commission of inquiry to shed full light on persistent violations of human rights committed by the AFCM 23 rebels supported by the Rwandan army. The Congolese authorities call for its urgent operationalization and reiterates its determination to cooperate fully with it. 4, finally, DRC is ready to work with the Bureau of the High Commissioner OHCHR in establishing human rights confidence-building measures. Thank you.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Republic of Korea sincerely appreciates the High Commissioner's comprehensive update. The persistent challenges to human rights and the pressing humanitarian situation worldwide demand our serious attention, and indeed They serve to reaffirm the vital role human rights and humanitarian mechanisms have to play on the situation in the Gaza Strip. The Republic of Korea expresses its grave concern over the current humanitarian situation, emphasizing the urgent necessity to safeguard civilians. We call for expanded, unimpeded humanitarian access. We look forward to advancing to the next phases of the Gaza peace plan and eventually leading to the reconstruction and resettlement exploration of peace in Gaza. With regard to Myanmar, we remain concerned about the ongoing armed conflict and worsening humanitarian situation and call on all parties to cease violence and ensure the safety of civilians. The Republic of Korea will continue to support ASEAN's 5-point consensus and reaffirm its steadfast effort to improve the situation, including through humanitarian assistance for the people of Myanmar. Finally, on Sudan, with violence and tensions on the rise, the human rights situation is increasingly precarious, especially in and around Arif Asha and in North Okhotsk. The Republic of Korea urges all parties to the conflict to immediately cease attacks and fully comply with obligations under international human rights law. I thank you.

Thank you. Now, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Albania.

Thank you, Mr. President. Albania thanks the High Commissioner for its comprehensive update. We value the essential work of the Office and Albania reaffirms its strong support for the Office and its vital mandate. Around the globe, we see increasing pressure on democratic institutions, shrinking civic space, restrictions on media freedom, and the targeting of human rights defenders and civil society. Albania remains seriously concerned by the suffering caused by the war world's most difficult humanitarian crises. In Sudan, atrocities and mass displacement continue to cause enormous human suffering. Millions of civilians face violence, hunger, and collapse of essential services. Albania strongly supports the fact-finding mission on Sudan. In Gaza, we remain deeply concerned by the catastrophic situation where civilians continue to bear the heaviest burden of the conflict. Albania commends the international efforts that helped halt the violence and has confirmed its participation in the stabilization mission on the ground, contributing to civilian protection and humanitarian access. In Myanmar, the intensifying conflict, mass displacement, and systematic repression remain deeply worrying. Albania fully supports the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar. We continue to work constructively with all partners to promote human dignity, equality, accountability, and the protection of civilians everywhere. I thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cyprus.

Mr. President, Cyprus aligns itself with the EU statement. We thank the High Commissioner for his global update, and we reiterate our full support towards his mandate. 2 days ago, the High Commissioner said that the international human rights architecture continues to erode. Regrettably, human rights are frequently treated as optional commitments rather than binding obligations. Incidents of discrimination and violence, especially against those in vulnerable situations, are increasing at an alarming rate. At the same time, impunity and the persistent lack of accountability remain major obstacles on the path towards justice. The credibility of international law and the UN is seriously undermined when States violate the UN Charter and and then call upon the international community to overlook these violations due to the passage of time. In this regard, we categorically reject any claims of a so-called unilateral right of Türkiye to intervene in and occupy Cyprus. We follow with utmost concern the situation in Iran and the Middle East. We call for maximum restraint, protection of civilians, and full respect of international law. Together with partners, we are working towards de-escalation and safeguarding regional stability and security. Prioritizing human rights requires that we hold one another accountable when we fall short of our obligations under international law. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Spain.

President, Spain aligns with the statement delivered by the European Union, but today what's particularly— what particularly resonates, the words of the High Commissioner, is that war is the main enemy of human rights. It's an aberration. It's an absurdity. There can be no peace, development, stability without respect for human rights. This Council has reiterated this in its recent special session on Iran. We need to return to the path of international law. Disputes must be resolved in the context of multilateral fora and so peacefully. Therefore, we reject the unilateral action by the United States and Israel, and we reject the indiscriminatory attacks by Iran and its Revolutionary Guard. De-escalation and dialogue are the way to restore stability in all conflicted scenarios. In Sudan, Gaza, Venezuela, we're alarmed by the grave trends that the High Commissioner outlined, and that affect day in, day out millions of people through gradual limitation of the most fundamental rights that we're seeing. Attacks on the rights of women and girls throughout the world continue to grow. We see oppression and systematic erasure of women in Afghanistan. International justice is crucial to ensure accountability. We agree with the High Commissioner that human rights education is an antidote to hate speech towards minorities. We must not spurn the opportunity to ensure we have inclusive artificial intelligence governed globally with a human rights approach. And count on Spain in this, and you can count on Spain in the fight for human rights. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Kuwait.

Thank you. Mr. Chair, terrorizing the civilians in countries seeking peace is an abhorrent crime. That's why we denounce the Iranian missile attack on our territory. This is a violent— blatant violation of our sovereignty, our aerial space, international law, U.N. Charter, and principles of good neighboring relations. as per Article 51 of the U.N. Charter. We also reiterate our full solidarity with brotherly countries that have been subjected to this aggression and attack, and we support all their efforts in order to preserve their sovereignty, security, stability, and safety of their people. Mr. Chair, Iran should resort to self-restraint and to immediately halt any aggressive attacks that could undermine peace and stability and security in the region. They should resort to wisdom and refrain from further military escalation. Finally, we call upon the international security, namely the Security Council, to fulfill its role to limit escalation and to save the region from further instability. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative

Thank you, Mr. President. Thank you, President. France is extremely troubled by the situation in the Middle East. I refer you to the joint statement by EU member states and the joint statement of the leaders of France, Germany, and UK on these indiscriminate attacks by Iran against countries in the region. I'll mention later in this session the situations in Ukraine, Palestine, Russia, Belarus, Sudan, and Again, in Iran, France supports the work of the High Commissioner and of the dedicated investigation mechanisms. In the DRC, where all efforts must be taken to put an end to the humanitarian disaster there, violence against civilians must end, as must all— any support to groups that commit those atrocities. In Burma, where the junta pursues its repression against the civilian population in a deadly conflict. In Afghanistan, where systematic persecutions against women and girls by the Taliban continue. The inquiry mechanism created by this Council must be operationalized to fight impunity for these crimes. In North Korea, where the human rights situation continues to deteriorate; in Haiti, where the return to democracy must lead to the end of mass human rights violations; in China, where the High OHCHR must continue his follow-up work on the situation in Xinjiang; in Syria, where the struggle against impunity is essential to support the stabilization of the country and for building the rule of law. Thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mexico.

Thank you, President. We're grateful for the update from the High Commissioner. Since his message last week, the situation around the world has deteriorated. We express our profound concern at events in the Middle East and we urge all parties to prioritize We urge the parties to seek diplomatic solutions and abstain from use of force in order to preserve peace and stability in the region. We urge avoiding further escalation of the conflict, and we call for dialogue and negotiation. We deplore civilian victims, including girls and boys, and we call for steadfast respect for international humanitarian law. We're also concerned by the humanitarian situation in Cuba. No one can be exempt from the situation that the Cuban people are living through at this moment in time due to the unjust sanctions imposed against them. We agree with the urgent need to bolster the rights of women given growing violence against them, including in political life. We're troubled by growing stigmatization and persecution of migrants. It's crucial to protect their rights and to recognize their contribution to development. Ahead of the 20th anniversary of the Human Rights Council, and the 20th anniversary of the CRPD. The High Commissioner, you can rest— you can rely on the support of Mexico to achieve those goals. Thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Czechia.

Mr. President, we thank the High Commissioner for his update and OHCHR's work in promoting and protecting Human rights of all. We reaffirm the universality of human rights. They apply equally to everyone, everywhere. We are concerned that multilateralism is under strain and human rights standards further eroding. 20 years since Council's first session, we must improve its efficiency and impact. The Council is vital to address human rights crises and defend civic space worldwide. With meaningful civil society participation. Mr. President, we support High Commissioner's efforts to strengthen the UN human rights pillar under the UN 80 process. We see merit in a broad alliance for human rights. Pending clarity on scope and modalities, we stand ready to engage constructively. We must better safeguard OHCHR's independence and integrity, including through adequate, predictable, and sustainable financing. What more can we do in this regard? Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of the Netherlands.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Kingdom of the Netherlands aligns itself with the EU statement, echoing our strong support to the work of the High Commissioner, and thank him for his update. The Netherlands is deeply concerned by the deterioration of the information ecosystem worldwide. Which has devastating effects on the enjoyment of human rights and our collective ability to respond to the issues of our time. As highlighted by the High Commissioner, the past year we have seen a record number of journalists killed in conflicts and wars such as in Gaza, Ukraine, and Sudan. Elsewhere, such as Afghanistan, Nicaragua, and Belarus, journalists are also threatened and criminalized. They are prevented from doing their essential work to provide free and reliable information. Furthermore, the use of internet shutdowns to block public access to information is a threat to freedom of expression and access to information. Most recent examples are the complete shutdowns in Iran and Uganda. Regarding the recent developments in Iran, we deplore its longstanding destabilizing role and reaffirm our solidarity with the Iranian people. Iran must immediately cease its attacks against our partners in the Gulf, Jordan, and Iraq. We call on all partners to exercise restraint And to open the door to diplomatic negotiations in order to prevent further escalation. I thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Switzerland.

Monsieur le Président, je remercie. President, I thank the High Commissioner for his update. Switzerland is profoundly alarmed by the rapid, dangerous escalation following the strikes conducted by U.S. and Israel against Iran and the. Iranian counterattacks as well as by the risk of destabilization in the Middle East. It urges all actors to show maximum restraint and full respect for international law. In Burkina Faso, Switzerland condemns the draft law seeking to reintroduce the death penalty following a de facto moratorium of 40 years as well as the increasing restrictions on civic space and the recent dissolution of political parties. We urge the authorities to reconsider those decisions. With the approach of judicial elections in Guatemala, Swiss stresses the importance of an independent, transparent process. Objective criteria, particularly when it comes to legal competence, integrity, and independence, are key to guaranteeing respect for rule of law. In Singapore, Switzerland notes with concern increasing number of executions since 2025. It encourages the government to follow the positive regional trend by introducing a moratorium on executions and to suspend de facto application of the death penalty. Switzerland expresses profound concern at violence during general elections in 2025 in Tanzania, leading to many deaths and human rights violations. It stresses the importance of an independent commission of inquiry to establish the facts. The creation of an inclusive reconciliation commission, as well as promoting constitutional reform, will be paramount in bringing about reconciliation. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Ecuador.

Mr. President, my delegation is grateful to the High Commissioner for his report, where which we read about the serious human rights situation in the world marked by armed conflicts, the targeting of civilians, repression, and discrimination on the grounds of race, color, ethnic origin, gender, language or religion, among other human rights violations and abuses, violations of international law and international humanitarian law. Given these crises, this Council must continue to be a place where inclusive dialogue happens, dialogue which is constructive and results-based for the protection of all human rights of all people and especially victims and those who are most vulnerable. This Human Rights Council should also be a place where there is a fostering of prevention, cooperation, technical assistance, and capacity building. Ecuador remains consistently committed to the international human rights system as well as its mechanisms and bodies, including this council, the UPR, treaty bodies, and human rights special procedures. All these we are committed to as a member of the council until 2028. And given that we will be Vice President during 2026, at some point Ecuador will be fulfilling its responsibilities by promoting dialogue for all states in favor of peace, democracy, sustainable development, and full respect for human rights as a basis for us all to live in dignity, equality, security, and liberty. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.

Mr. President, in every conflict, civilians suffer the most. They lose their homes, education, and food. Far too often, they lose their lives too. As the Palestinians who have endured the conflict for decades, October 7th was a result and not the cause of the conflict. Mr. President, the principles of the UN Charter are under serious strain. Its inconsistent and selective application undermines trust among member states. Human rights have been politicized repeatedly as a pretext to justify various forms of foreign policy measures, including UCMs, in violation of international law and the UN Charter. They consistently resulted in gross violations of human rights perpetrated by all sides, and it is taking place in Ukraine, Sudan, Afghanistan, and since this weekend in the Middle East. Where hundreds of civilians, including schoolgirls and humanitarian workers, have become victims. Mr. President, Indonesia underscores the obligation of all states to refrain from the threat or use of force against territorial integrity or political independence of any states, in accordance with Article 2 of the UN Charter. Immediate de-escalation and cessation of hostilities are imperative. International law must apply to all or it protects none. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of the United Kingdom.

Thank you, Mr. President. We are grateful for the High Commissioner's update. The humanitarian situation in Gaza remains of serious concern. We urge Israel to allow and facilitate rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian aid in line with international law. We call on all parties to implement the 20-point peace plan and respect the ceasefire. In the West Bank, rising violence and settlement activity risk instability and undermine the prospects for peace. Tanzania saw shocking violence following its elections in October, including evidence of extrajudicial killings and concealment of dead bodies. There must be an independent, transparent, and inclusive investigation of these events. To ensure accountability and that the fundamental freedoms and constitutional rights of all Tanzanians are protected. We appreciate the High Commissioner's efforts to engage China, including the findings of his office's Xinjiang assessment from 2022, but we are concerned by continued evidence of China's transition from using re-education camps to using prisons and labor transfer schemes. We call on China to address reports of forced labor and restrictions on religious and cultural freedoms. China must release all arbitrarily detained individuals. Finally, we support unequivocally Ukraine's sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. We continue to support the work of UN mechanisms and their reporting. Those responsible for violations and abuses of human rights must be held accountable. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Japan.

Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. High Commissioner, let me begin by paying tribute to you for your hard work and dedication. The peace and stability of the Middle East is of utmost importance to Japan. As a country that represents— respects fundamental values and principles such as freedom, democracy, human rights, and rule of law, we will continue to make all necessary diplomatic efforts in coordination with the international community to bring about an early Settlement of the situation in Iran. Regrettably, Russia's aggression against Ukraine has continued for over four years. We respect the vigorous efforts of all countries involved to achieve a just and lasting peace in Ukraine, and we support the initiatives for the immediate return of Ukrainian children to their families. Japan continues to work closely with the relevant countries and international organizations for the reconstruction of Gaza and the improvement of the humanitarian and human rights situation in Gaza. Japan is committed to supporting the dedicated efforts of OHCHR for the protection of human rights on the ground. Japan has voluntarily contributed $3.6 million in total to support its 5 projects in Palestine, Syria, Moldova, DRC, and Thailand. As a member of this Council, Japan takes this opportunity to reaffirm its commitment to closely cooperate with the OHCHR and to continue to promoting and protecting human rights. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia.

Mr. President, we have carefully listened to the High Commissioner's update and the joint statement by the European Union. We regret that they once again lack objectivity and accuracy. Constructive engagement must be based on impartiality, respect for national sovereignty, and a genuine understanding of country-specific contexts. Accordingly, we caution against speculation and circulation of unverified narratives on the basis of social media accounts of incidents. The OHCHR and the European Union are privy to local circumstances and regional developments in and around Ethiopia. They have firsthand information about our efforts and achievements in implementing the Pretoria Peace Agreement. Including through disarming and rehabilitating over 80,000 combatants. The National Dialogue process that is nearing its National Conference and the Transitional Justice Policy have been discussed with them on many occasions. We are also approaching the national election in June, on which we have provided comprehensive briefing. The speakers also have full knowledge of the detractors against our efforts, including the signatory of the Pretoria Peace Agreement and foreign nations that are actively supporting terror and instability in Ethiopia and the wider region. They are aware of the human rights casualties caused by these actors, including on Ethiopians and neighboring populations. On this basis, we take a strong exception to these politically toned and motivated statements. Meanwhile, Ethiopia expresses its unwavering commitment to promoting and protecting human rights. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Egypt.

The concern voiced by the High Commissioner, in particular the threats in the Middle East, is of great concern because it jeopardizes the human rights system. We condemn attacks targeting Given a number of kindred countries, we reject the violation of the sovereignty of these countries. We appeal for the U.N. Charter to be respected. It is the pillar for the protection of international peace and security. We are facing— what we are facing in the occupied Palestinian territories, in the Sudan, as well as what is happening internationally, are not ordinary passing events. Must take a principled stand to tackle the deep causes for these crises. As far as we're concerned, Egypt would like to recall that the measures taken to organize the events are something we've done in cooperation with civil society. The safeguard of the credibility of the human rights system links chaos and stability. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our intervention will be posted on the internet, just for you to know. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Slovenia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Slovenia aligns itself with the EU statement, and we thank High Commissioner for his comprehensive update. Slovenia supports High Commissioner's recently presented Global Alliance for Human Rights. Prioritizing human rights among different stakeholders and with states is needed today more than ever. Slovenia firmly believes that gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but essential cornerstone for sustainable development and peace. Persistent structural barriers continue to prevent women and girls from fully exercising their human rights and realizing their full potential, as violence against women and girls remains pervasive. The dire humanitarian and human rights situation in South Sudan is alarming. We call on all parties to prioritize the protection of civilians and guarantee safe and unhindered humanitarian access. We urge concrete steps to prevent further atrocity crimes, including widespread sexual and gender-based violence, and to ensure accountability. Last but not least, with regard to the UN80 initiative, efficiency should not undermine universality of human rights. Reform must reinforce the preventive role of human rights within the peace and security architecture. Therefore, the human rights pillar must be adequately, sustainably, and predictably financed. To conclude, Slovenia reaffirms its commitment to proactive, principled, and non-selective approach to promoting and protecting human rights globally. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of South Africa.

Thank you, Mr. President. South Africa is deeply concerned about the escalation in the Middle East, which poses a serious threat to regional and international peace and security, with far-reaching human rights and humanitarian consequences. We call on all parties to exercise maximum restraint and to act in a manner consistent with international law and the United Nations Charter. We urge the international community to redouble efforts aimed at promoting a peaceful resolution. As a nation that has emerged from conflict through dialogue and reconciliation, South Africa reiterates its strong belief that peace is not only possible but imperative for the shared future of the Middle East and the world. Mr. President, the DDPA remains the most comprehensive global framework for combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance. As we mark the 25th anniversary of the DDPA, we need to accelerate its full implementation to ensure equality, justice, and dignity for all through reparatory justice. On the 40th anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development, we reaffirm the inalienability of this human right, which is central to, to the dignity, equality, and prosperity of all peoples. In this regard, South Africa underscores the importance of finalizing the Convention on the Right to Development as concrete steps towards its operationalization so that all states can pursue development in a fair and equitable manner. We reiterate the call for an end to Israel's genocide in Gaza and the right to self-determination of the people of Western Sahara. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative for Pakistan.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation remains deeply concerned over the continued erosion of international law, setbacks in sustainable development, worsening climate crisis, and rise in Islamophobia. We are living through exceptional turbulence and fragility. Pakistan regrets the breakdown of talks and outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East. Pakistan condemns the unwarranted attacks against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Pakistan also strongly condemns the attacks against the brotherly countries of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman. We urge all parties to refrain from further escalation. Mr. President, the persistent denial of the right to self-determination and deepening inequalities continue to contribute significantly to global instability. For decades, the people of Palestine have been deprived of their right to self-determination by the occupying power. Similarly, the people of Indian illegally occupied Jammu and Kashmir have been struggling for freedom from the Indian oppression and occupation for over 78 years. Such blatant disregard to international law must end now. Mr. President, As we navigate these testing times, strict adherence to the principles of the UN Charter is not optional, it is indispensable. Pakistan remains committed to achieve lasting peace and prosperity in the region and beyond. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Iceland.

Mr. President, Iceland thanks the High Commissioner for his latest update, once again painting a harrowing picture of the global human rights landscape. At a time of escalating global conflicts and crises, and deteriorating respect for international law and institutions, defending multilateralism is not optional, it is imperative. Human rights are not peripheral to peace and security, they are their foundation. Mr. President, human rights are under attack, such as the right to life, the right to freedom of expression, association, and of assembly, and the right to non-discrimination, as well as economic and social rights. Women and girls' rights are being undermined, including sexual and reproductive health and rights, and access to education and other fundamental freedoms. Increasing sexual and gender-based violence is fueled by the backlash against gender equality. Persons of diverse sexualities continue to face frequent violence, discrimination, and in some states, criminalisation. We underline that no one should face violence, persecution, or discrimination for who they are. Human rights are the building blocks of peace. Iceland remains committed to upholding and strengthening the UN's human rights pillar. This Council draws strength from its diversity, and progress requires constructive engagement cooperation and accountability. I thank you.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Chile.

Muchas gracias, señor presidente. Thank you very much, President. We thank the High Commissioner for his update, which reflects clearly a global scenario increasingly dangerous. This weekend in the Middle East is a confirmation of this trend and reminds us of how urgent it is to respect— to react with moderation and responsibility. We appeal for the respect for international law and de-escalation in favor of the civilian populations. We need to act collectively and responsibly. The multilateral system remains a key tool to prevent and resolve conflicts, to strengthen confidence, and to protect human rights. In this context, we must recall that we, the states, have concrete tools One of which is the budget we set aside for the human rights pillar of the UN system. Multilateralism cannot be sustained only with declarations of principle. It is sustained with decisions, including the decisions on budget, which are crucial. Whilst we agree that the current situation is a challenge and complex, we have the responsibility to ensure that the system has the resources we need for it to meet— to fulfill its mandate and effectively respond to current and future challenges. The current coherence between what we say and what we do, budgetally speaking, is crucial to preserve the legitimacy and effectiveness of international system. We invite all delegations here present to cooperate actively, both here in Geneva and in New York, to guarantee that the human rights pillar receives the resources and the political support it needs to respond adequately. Thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of India.

Thank you, Mr. President. We take note of the High Commissioner's global update. While such global overviews tend to paint all human rights situations with the same brush, the bleak overall assessment is hard to miss. It is a reminder that we need to collectively do more to promote and protect human rights, and our approach must be guided by universality, indivisibility, non-selectivity, and consistency, which regrettably is often not the case. The Global Update is, however, conspicuous by a lack of acknowledgement of violation of human rights due to terrorism. Conflating individuals involved in terrorist activities with genuine civil society activists only serves to embolden the former while delegitimizing the latter. Terrorism synthesizes bigotry, violence, and intolerance and its perpetrators, sponsors, and apologists must be condemned unequivocally, without ambiguity. We note the High Commissioner's comments on artificial intelligence and thank him for his recent visit to India to attend the AI Impact Summit. Guided by the principle of welfare for all, happiness for all, and endorsed by over 90 countries and international organizations, the New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact underscores that the benefits of AI must be equitably shared across humanity. We also appreciate the High Commissioner's acknowledgement of our vibrant civil society, which is an integral pillar of our thriving democracy. Thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Kenya.

Mr. President, Kenya aligns itself with the African Group Statement. My delegation thanks the High Commissioner for his oral update and takes note of the issues and priorities he has highlighted. We value his continued effort to advance the promotion and protection of human rights globally. We remain deeply concerned by the current global geopolitical fragmentation, marked by rising polarization and multiplication of conflicts that continue to erode trust among states. This situation undermines international peace and security, hampers progress towards sustainable development, and exacerbates pre-existing and emerging human rights challenges. These crises are mutually reinforcing and demand a holistic, cooperative, and genuinely multilateral response. We must prioritize dialogue, cooperation, and capacity building over confrontation. States should be supported through mechanisms that foster genuine dialogue, mutual understanding, and practical assistance, including technical cooperation. Approaches that stigmatize or isolate states risk deepening mistrust and run counter to the preventive and solution-oriented role that this Council is expected to play. Kenya is also concerned by the ongoing liquidity crisis affecting the United Nations, including this Council. At a time of mounting global challenges, we must pursue avenues that are both effective and efficient, ensuring that limited resources are used in ways that maximize impact. This calls for renewed commitment to cooperation, objectivity, non-selectivity, and respect for principles of sovereign equality. Kenya welcomes efforts to strengthen the Council's capacity to respond to the interlinked challenges of peace, security, development, and human rights in a fair, balanced, and truly multilateral manner. I thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ghana.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation appreciates the High Commissioner's leadership in advancing the promotion and protection of human rights globally. Ghana notes with concern continuing human rights challenges affecting civilians in different parts of the world through conflict situations. These situations continue to disproportionately affect vulnerable groups, particularly women, children, older persons, and persons with disabilities. Mr. President, Ghana reaffirms its commitment to fulfilling its obligations under the Charter of the United Nations. As we mark the 20th anniversary of the Human Rights Council, Ghana reiterates its dedication to this Council and its mechanisms. We are therefore concerned about the current liquidity crisis, which hinders the effective and efficient functioning of the Council and undermines the entire multilateral system. Mr. President, we recognize that every state has the sovereign right to determine its own development priorities in a manner that ensures its stability and progress. In this regard, Ghana reaffirms her support for the One China policy. Ghana emphasizes that the promotion and protection of human rights should be guided by the principles of objectivity, non-selectivity, and constructive dialogue. Finally, Ghana reaffirms its commitment to multilateralism And to working constructively with the Office of the High Commissioner in the promotion and protection of human rights for all. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba.

Mr. President, humanity finds itself at a historic crossroad. The U.S. are proclaiming the exceptional right to conquer and to use force as a legitimate form of behaving. Beyond ideologies, all states are in danger. The international community must act urgently to defend the Charter and international law. Cuba condemns in the most energetic terms the attacks perpetrated by the United States and Israel, shaking the sovereignty and the territorial integrity of Iran. Thank you very much. I call for this aggression to stop immediately and for the principle of good neighborliness between Iran and the neighboring states to be protected at this sensitive moment. Mr. President, the government of the United States has escalated what it has been doing against Cuba. It is employing an energetic de facto embargo in order to create a humanitarian catastrophe in our country. measures amount to collective punishment of the Cuban people and a blatant violation of human rights. As the High Commissioner said when he referred to the issue, nothing could justify the asphyxiation of a population. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Malawi. Microphone for Malawi, please. Microphone. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Iraq.

Thank you, Mr. President. We appreciate the role played by the High Commissioner and what he is doing to promote human rights worldwide. Mr. President, we are going through an extremely sensitive situation because of the degradation and the destruction of security and the use of famine as a weapon of war and the fact that human rights are being attacked and this flouting international law and international human rights law, the humanitarian law. The Council and its mechanisms must put an end to this abuse and better protect human rights. Mr. President, as far as the Global Compact is concerned, that is Global Compact for Human Rights mentioned by the High Commissioner, we are still waiting for more details to understand what the purpose and operation of this mechanism will be. To conclude, we condemn the attacks attacks against our territory in the center of Iraq and in the region of Kurdistan. These attacks which are threatening the security of our country. We reject any escalation of the war in the region and we condemn the military strikes against states and against Iran, our neighboring country, and the other countries of the Gulf. We are against the annexation by Israel of Palestinian territories. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Vietnam.

Mr. President, we thank the High Commissioner for his update. His reminder that power must ultimately serve people resonates deeply with Vietnam's people-centered approach. Vietnam firmly believes that international law, multilateral cooperation, and the United Nations system remain indispensable to addressing today's multiplying challenges— armed conflicts, climate change, deepening inequalities, and ungoverned technology. This council must strengthen its effectiveness through sincere dialogue, cooperation, and mutual trust, while adhering to the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity, non-selectivity, and non-interference in internal affairs. As a council member, Vietnam will actively contribute to 8 priority areas spanning HRC effectiveness, climate change and digital rights, gender equality, vulnerable groups, and the rights to health, work, and education. Nationally, we continue to pursue a sustainable, green, and inclusive development path, placing people at the heart of our policies. Our reviews of ICCPR, CIPD, CEDAW, and the recent abolition of death penalty for crimes reflect our genuine commitment to human rights. On climate and development, as one of the world's most vulnerable countries, we echo the High Commissioner's alarm. We call for ambitious adaptation financing and a just transition reform of the international financial system and renewed political will to put the 2030 Agenda back on track. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Burundi.

Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation supports what was said by Kenya on behalf of the African Group. We take note with interest of the oral update of the High Commissioner on Human Rights in a context where multilateralism is in crisis and international cooperation is in crisis, which jeopardizes international governance, and we are remaining passive as all these conflicts are mushrooming and the challenges linked to health and climate change remain. We, like the Commissioner, call attention of the international community about what is happening in the DRC, as a number of things have joined to make the situation difficult, and There's a risk in the Great Lakes situation, which we have constantly reminded the Council about over the last few years. In this context, Burundi has just started to take over the presidency of the African Union. Under its mandate, our President has focused on peace and security as a priority and the strengthening of preventive diplomacy. To conclude, my country reaffirms its commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. We can assure you of our full support in all these endeavors. Thank you very much.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Angola.

Thank you, Mr. President. Angola aligns itself with the statements— with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group. We commend the High Commissioner for his comprehensive update on the human rights situation worldwide and reiterate our full readiness to cooperate with his office in the pursuit of solutions that benefit the entire international community. Angola remains deeply concerned by the reported weakening of the multilateral system, the rise of authoritarian tendencies, the atrocities committed against civilians, and the persistent lack of accountability for violations perpetrated in situations of conflict. We welcome the High Commission initiatives undertaken toward the effective implementation of the 3 pillars of the organization. In this context, Angola reaffirms its firm commitment to multilateralism and to the promotion and protection of human rights grounded in dialogue, cooperation, and mutual respect among states, underscores that there can be no human rights without peace and inclusive development, and will continue to advocate for the lifting of unilateral coercive measures that hinder the enjoyment of human rights and sustainable development. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Estonia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Estonia aligns with the EU statement. We thank the High Commissioner for the update and for his principled leadership at a time when the world is upside down, including the extremely concerning developments unfolding in the Middle East, and the UN human rights system itself is under considerable strain. As violations intensify and instability spreads, protection— protecting human rights requires not less attention, but greater investment and stronger commitment. As the High Commissioner has emphasized, investing in human rights is a low-cost but high-impact commitment. The UNATP process challenges us to carefully consider efficiency, structure, and sustainability. But efficiency must not mean turning a blind eye to violations. Streamlining must not come at the cost of prevention, and sustainability must not weaken the capacity to monitor, report, and respond. In these challenging times for human rights, it is vital that this Council fulfils its core mandate and reacts to human rights violations and abuses wherever they occur. We need to increase the cost of breaking international law. Accountability is essential. for non-recurrence, while impunity remains unacceptable as it enables future abuses and fuels further instability. Reform must never come at the expense of purpose. Human rights are not an optional pillar of the UN architecture. They are its moral foundation. I thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gambia.

Thank you, Mr. President. The Gambia aligns itself with the statement delivered by the African Group. We note with serious concern the deteriorating human rights development outlined in the High Commissioner's Global Update. The widespread violations of the human rights of civilians in Sudan, DRC, Myanmar, and Gaza are the result of entrenched impunity, and those responsible must be held to account in accordance with victim-centered accountability principles. We note with serious concern the recent escalation of tensions in the Middle East and the flagrant violations of international law. The continued instability in the region carries serious implications for human rights, global security, and economic stability. Therefore, we call on all parties to prioritize peace by exercising maximum restraint and be guided by the UN Charter and international human rights law. The Gambia stands ready to engage constructively with this Council and its mechanisms to restore respect for multilateral political solutions in accordance with international human rights law. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Pakistan on behalf of the OIC. Pakistan?

Excellency, we would like to pass the floor for now. Thank you.

My apologies. Okay, thank you. So that was the last speaker of members on my list. We shall proceed with the list— we shall proceed with the list of observers of the Council. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of New Zealand on behalf of a group of countries.

Mr. President, I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. After 80 years, we are at a profound moment for the United Nations and for the commitments enshrined in the Charter. The Secretary-General's UN80 initiative is vital to ensure that the organization is fit for purpose and effective to meet the challenges we are facing, including in the global human rights We, as Member States, have a responsibility to engage constructively in this process. Reform cannot be left to the Secretariat alone. It requires our collective ownership, careful prioritization, financial discipline, restored predictability in the UN's assessed contributions, and a shared commitment to achieving efficiencies that strengthen the impact of our work in this Council and complement the Council's own efficiency and rationalization efforts. Reforms must enhance the UN's coherence and effectiveness while ensuring that resources remain aligned with mandates and Member State expectations. Expanding expectations without expanding support is neither responsible nor sustainable. As Member States, we must resource the human rights pillar adequately and reliably. Too often, this is not the case. In a period of heightened global pressure on the rules-based international system, Payment of contributions in full and on time is crucial to upholding the UN's normative and accountability roles. We must avoid any weakening of the UN's core human rights functions. We remain committed to working with all partners to assure that UNAID delivers a stronger, more effective, and more credible UN across the 3 pillars. I thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Latvia.

Thank you, Mr. President. Latvia aligns itself with the EU statement, expressing strong support for the High Commissioner and his office. We are committed to safeguarding and strengthening the UN's human rights pillar. Globally, wartime atrocities, suppression of freedoms, and disregard for international law are rising. We urge states to renew their commitment to international human rights law, international humanitarian law, and multilateral Despite challenges, human rights defenders are crucial in crisis response, contributing to human rights and the rule of law. Latvia supports them and urges states to provide a safe, respectful, and enabling environment free from persecution, intimidation, and harassment. Grave violations against children in conflict have escalated. Protecting children is a fundamental pillar of international peace and security. In 2023, Latvia joined the Prove It Matters campaign, reaffirming its commitment to upholding children's rights, especially those affected by conflict. Promoting the full inclusion of persons with disabilities and protecting their rights remains central to the human rights agenda. Latvia implements targeted measures for their inclusion in society. We call for global cooperation to advance full and meaningful inclusion of persons with disabilities in all aspects of life. I thank you.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Finland.

Mr. President, we thank the High Commissioner for his comprehensive update and reaffirm our strong support for the OHCHR. Recent events in the Middle East are deeply worrying. We condemn all actions that seek to escalate the conflict in the region and urge for utmost restraint. And call for civil— that civilian lives must be protected across the region. We call for respecting international law. Mr. President, the world is becoming increasingly complex, marked by rising polarization and conflicts, while at the same time we are confronted with oversimplified answers and growing disinformation. Rapid technological development, including AI, brings major benefits, yet it increases the need for education and critical thinking. Innovation is vital for solving today's and tomorrow's challenges, but above all, we need skilled, educated individuals capable of analyzing information critically. In a time of accelerating change, the right to education is more important than ever. Education is central to our shared response to disinformation and today's global challenges. As false narratives spread faster than facts, the right to education becomes not only a pathway to opportunity but also vital safeguard for our democracies and societies. At the same time, we need strong collaboration for the future. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Iran.

Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, today the Islamic Republic of Iran, a historic country that has consistently advocated peace, is under indiscriminate and invasive military attacks by the United States and the regime of Israel. In recent days, schools have been bombed, hospitals subjected to indiscriminate attacks, Civilian leaders, including the spiritual and religious Supreme Leader, have been assassinated, and the headquarters of the Iranian Red Crescent, along with many other non-military buildings, have been destroyed. In a single attack on a school in Minab, more than 160 innocent schoolgirls were massacred. Mr. High Commissioner, in his global update, stated the world has turned upside down. And raised fundamental questions regarding the nature and evolution of power in the international system. Today, the answer to those questions is evident in the actions of those very powers that, through the use of force and the deliberate killing of civilians, openly violate the principles of the UN Charter. The ongoing unlawful military aggression against Iran exemplifies the dominance of raw power over the principles of human rights. Human rights violations can never be celebrated as the demonstration of strength, nor should they ever be a source of pride. True authority in the international system is measured not by the capacity to inflict harm, but by respect for law, justice, and protection of civilians. Thank you.

Now I call on the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso.

Thank you, President. My delegation takes note of the update of the High Commissioner and the reference— in reference to the situation in the Sahel. My delegation deplores a selective reading of the situation that is caused by terrorism in Burkina Faso as well as Sahel states. The work of certain media and certain arrests described as arbitrary are appropriate measures to put an end to orchestrated media campaigns to minimize progress achieved in the security sphere and undermine efforts towards genuine sovereignty and development. The update of the establishment of the system is part of our willingness to restore a system of participation and political representation consistent with the aspirations of populations and sociocultural realities of the country. Finally, my delegation would like to recall that in the current context of combating terrorism, states like ourselves need sincere support and active solidarity from the international community. I thank you.

Thank you. Okay, thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Sweden.

President, Sweden aligns with the EU statement. We follow the developments in Iran and the Middle East closely. We call for restraint, protection of civilians, and respect for international law. Mr. President, a vibrant and independent civil society is vital to the protection and promotion of human rights. Still, civic space is being restricted in many parts of the world, and the threat against human rights defenders continues to grow. We are increasingly alarmed by the situation in Georgia. We urge the authorities to fully respect their international human rights obligations, including by repealing repressive legislation that seeks to silence independent voices. We also remain deeply concerned about the intensified repression and violations of human rights in Nicaragua, including the arbitrary deprivation of citizenship targeting individuals, including human rights defenders. Mr. President, in the lead-up to the general elections in Ethiopia in June, we are concerned about reports of intimidation, harassment, and arbitrary detention of human rights defenders and journalists. And finally, the violence surrounding the elections in Tanzania in October last year was deeply concerning. We call for accountability and inclusive dialogue for reconciliation. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Australia.

Australia thanks the High Commissioner for his update. The space for civil society and human rights defenders narrows, including in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Russia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, Myanmar, Belarus, Afghanistan, Nicaragua, Georgia, and Burkina Faso. And transnational repression is growing. Australia stands with the brave people of Iran in their struggle against oppression and calls on the regime to uphold human rights of its citizens. We call on Russia to comply with its international human rights obligations and end its invasion of Ukraine. Australia remains gravely concerned by human rights violations, including forced labour in Xinjiang and Tibet, and the erosion of rights and freedoms in Hong Kong. As the scourge of antisemitism and Islamophobia continues to rise, Australia remains committed to combating hatred in all of its forms. Australia is gravely concerned by ongoing violations and abuses of human rights of Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank. Globally, we are concerned by ongoing use of the death penalty, suppression of women's rights, and heightened rates of violence and discrimination against LGBTIQA+ people. In our region, the climate crisis is eroding human rights, especially in the Pacific, with the most vulnerable bearing the brunt. We must do more to safeguard human rights, because when people are marginalized or persecuted, humanity suffers. Thank you.

Now I call on the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia.

Mr. Chair, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia strongly condemns and rejects the cowardly Iranian attacks on Riyadh and southern province of Saudi Arabia, which cannot be justified in any terms. We also strongly condemn the Iranian attacks on the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Oman, and Jordan. This is a blatant violation of the countries' sovereignty and good neighboring relations— also an attack on the U.N. Charter and international law. They have targeted civilian infrastructure, civilian areas, and threatened the lives of citizens and residents. This is a blatant violation of international humanitarian law, international law for human rights, and undermines stability and security in the region. In the light of this unjustified attack, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia will take all necessary measures to defend its security, stability, and the life of its residents and nationals, and to preserve its stability and security. We call upon the international community to condemn such attacks because they have serious repercussions on the regional and international peace and security. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you. Now I call on a distinguished representative of Jordan.

In the name of God, most compassionate, most merciful. Mr. Chair, we would like to reiterate our country's support to the statements of the groups to which we are aligned under this item. We appreciate the efforts of the High Commissioner, the OHCHR, and we thank them for the update This update, it seems, requires a new update. We reiterate the noble mandate of this council, and we concur with him that the rule of law and decisive actions against violations of the rule of law will further undermine human rights. No country alone can find a solution to the challenges of our current world. That's why I would like to remind us of the basic principles. Cooperation is the opposite of instability. Our position is constant. We are faithful observers of UN Charter and international law. We stand by the lofty principles and values of your honorable council. The steps we take should concur with the statements, and we should reduce the gap between actions and words. Our efforts should be on the centrality of human rights and harmonizing them with international and national laws and regulations. Thank you.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative for Belarus.

Thank you, President. The UN Charter gives no one the right to interfere in the internal affairs of states and strictly outlaws use of force against political independence of states. However, in the case of Iran, we see a different kind of logic— pressure and interference on the pretext of allegedly protecting human rights, longstanding sanctions pressure, and finally armed aggression. Belarus strenuously condemns any actions leading to deaths of children and civilians. We think it's unacceptable to have any use of force against the leadership of a sovereign state. We're also concerned by the escalation of the situation that damage— that the friendly countries in the Gulf— we call for an end to confrontation and for a political diplomatic settlement. President, actions aimed at undermining the sovereignty of states and their institutes are unacceptable in any form. The aggressive rhetoric in the Human Rights Council against Belarus and a number of other countries is an indictment of the opportunism of the work in the UN human rights system. And a shining example of bias is the situation— is the assessments of the situation in China. Belarus supports the principle of one China and the Chinese people's chosen path of development and strengthening of human rights. Non-consensual country mechanisms in the Council should not interfere in the competence of state institutions like courts. These mechanisms manipulate and deceive the peoples that allegedly they're protecting. They're only escalating tensions in the sphere of human rights. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of the United Arab Emirates.

Mr. Chair, My country is subjected to aggressions and attacks by Iran by ballistic missiles and drones that have targeted civilians and civilian infrastructure since the 28th of February and has led to the killing of 3 innocent civilians and the injury of 58 civilians. This blatant attack and cowardly attack is a violent— is a blatant violation of our sovereignty, international law, and UN Charter. We reiterate our rejection of using our land as a platform to settle accounts or to expand the conflicts. We strongly condemn the attacks on the GCC countries and Arab countries in the region, and we reiterate our full solidarity with the brotherly countries. We call to restraint, to resort to dialogue and diplomatic solutions as the best way to preserve the security of the region. We reiterate that the UAE reserves its full and legitimate right to reply to such attack according to international law in order to protect our sovereignty, security, and stability. More than 200 nationalities, many of whom are represented in this very room today. This attack was not only against the UAE, but against the embodiment of international principles themselves and must be treated as such. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Portugal.

Mr. President, I start by thanking the High Commissioner for his update. We meet at a time of uncertainty and upheaval. Portugal has been following with growing concern the evolution of the situation in the Middle East. The protection of all civilians is essential and must be fully ensured. Portugal calls on all parties to exercise maximum restraint to avoid further escalation, preserve international peace and security, and ensure regional stability in line with the Charter of the United Nations. We have repeatedly expressed concern about the weakening of dialogue and growing disengagement from multilateralism. Regrettably, these trends have continued. At a time when human rights are under increasing threat, the UN faces a budgetary crisis and is called upon to do more with fewer resources. Reinforcing the human rights pillar is a strategic necessity for sustainable peace. Portugal, alongside Brazil, will table the resolution on mental health and human rights, reaffirming states' obligations to combat stigma and fully respect the dignity of persons with psychosocial disabilities. Only through constructive engagement within the multilateral system can we safeguard its credibility. responsibility. Portugal's candidature to the Security Council for 27-28 reflects this enduring commitment. I thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Luxembourg.

President, Luxembourg aligns with the statement delivered by the EU. Since your— the presentation of the High Commissioner on Friday, The world has again been turned upside down. We follow with great concern hostilities between the U.S., Israel, and Iran and developments throughout the region. We call on all parties to show restraint, to work towards de-escalation, to protect civilians, and to act in full step with international law. The High Commissioner mentioned it on Friday, the number of armed conflicts has doubled since 2010. Numerous human rights violations are the most fertile ground for this, be it in Sudan, Ukraine, in the occupied Palestinian territory, or in Myanmar, to name just a few. Let us not— let us not allow violence to become the new normal. The perpetrators of crimes must answer for their actions, and the role of the ICC is essential in that respect. What we take for granted today has been called into question in numerous parts of the world. The shrinking of civic space, attacks against the rights of women and girls, and discrimination against minorities, including LGBTQI+, are a sad example of this. Luxembourg reaffirms its support to the role of the Office of the High Commissioner and to the mandate holders of this Council. Thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of the State of Palestine.

Mr. President, we thank the High Commissioner for his update. Indeed, the world is upside down. The international system is being tested not in theory but in practice, when perpetrators of grave violations are welcomed with handshakes and rewarded with agreements and privileges, while victims are scrutinized, questioned, and even prosecuted. When those who dare to defend international law and demand accountability are smeared, intimidated, or even sanctioned. In such a world, the promise of never again is becoming an empty slogan rather than a guiding principle, as the international community has witnessed in real time a genocide unfolding against the Palestinian people, adding to more than 7 decades of dispossession, oppression, and recurring massacres. Peace and security cannot be built on impunity. Accountability is not optional, it is a legal obligation. All perpetrators must be held responsible. All states must uphold their obligations under international law consistently, universally, and without selectivity. Double standards do not stabilize the international order; they erode it. Those who believe conflicts are distant should reflect carefully. When international law is weakened anywhere, insecurity spreads everywhere. We have heard statements for years. What has long been required and remained urgently needed is decisive and principled actions grounded in law. The Palestinian people's right to self-determination is not a bargaining chip, nor the outcome of endless negotiations. It is a fundamental right under international law and must be realized. A viable two-state solution cannot be achieved while the illegal occupation persists and deepens. I thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ireland.

President, thank you. Ireland aligns with the EU statement, and we thank the Commissioner for his update. President, we call for the immediate and unconditional release of UN staff detained in Yemen, as well as the dismissal of all fabricated charges against them. And we reiterate the urgent need for independent human rights monitoring in the country to ensure accountability for violations and abuses. We are deeply concerned by the deteriorating human rights situation in Ethiopia and the tightening of civic and media space. And we remain concerned by the impacts of instability and insecurity, including in Tigray, and call for steps towards de-escalation and further progress on the transitional justice process, including on accountability. The protection of civil society space, President, and human rights defenders is central to Ireland's international human rights policy. Internet shutdowns during elections, repression and intimidation against political opposition, human rights defenders, journalists and civil society are unacceptable. Ireland is particularly concerned about the credible report of extrajudicial killings, disappearances, and arbitrary arrests in Tanzania in the wake of the recent elections. Ireland is appalled by the continuing violence against civilians in Myanmar— repression of political dissent, mass arbitrary arrests, arbitrary conscription, widespread surveillance, and limitation of civic space exacerbated by the recent illegitimate elections. We call on the military and all armed groups to immediately cease all violence. We underline our unequivocal support for the work of the High Commissioner Commissioner and for the independence of his Office. Thank you, President.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malta.

Thank you, Mr. President. Malta aligns itself with the statement by the EU and thanks the High Commissioner for his report. As we have recently marked the 4th anniversary since the Russian Federation launched the war of aggression against Ukraine, Malta reiterates its grave concern at the continued suffering inflicted upon the Ukrainian people. We strongly deplore the deliberate targeting of civilian homes and critical infrastructure, which constitutes a clear violation of international law, including international humanitarian law. Malta once again calls on Russia to immediately cease all hostilities and to withdraw its forces from within Ukraine's internationally recognized borders. Recognized borders, in full respect of Ukraine's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity. Malta remains concerned on the ongoing situation in the occupied Palestinian territory, including the West Bank and particularly in Gaza, where the humanitarian situation remains dire and civilian suffering continues. We are deeply concerned by the ongoing developments in the Gulf and Iran. We call on all parties to exercise maximum restraint protect civilians, respect international law, and allow dialogue to prevail. In Myanmar, the situation remains one of serious concern. Reported violence before and after the most recent elections, as well as attacks on minority groups, give rise to serious concern. And we underline our support to OHCHR and special procedures to maintain their focus on developments. I thank you.

Thank you. Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zambia.

Thank you, Mr. President. On Friday, the Council listened carefully to the High Commissioner's oral update, which painted a very grim picture of the global human rights landscape. What we are witnessing indeed is not a sudden crisis. It is the result of small incremental departures from the norms and and safeguards designed to protect human dignity. Over time, these setbacks have allowed power to consolidate, often in pursuit of resources and influence, fueling tensions, conflicts, and the litany of derogations reported across regions. Principles that have sustained peace— international cooperation, restraint, accountability, and respect for human rights— are being tested too often where power acts without restraint, the most vulnerable bear the greatest cost. The consequences are clear. We have weakened institutions, strained societies, and widening inequalities globally. History has lessons on where unchecked divisions can lead, but we must resist a descent into chaos. Let us therefore reaffirm our shared responsibility to uphold human rights, not only in words but in action. Let us strengthen cooperation rebuild trust, and prevent further instability. The path forward requires resolve, solidarity, and an unwavering commitment to human dignity for all. Let me end by reaffirming Zambia's alignment to the statement on behalf of the Africa Group. Thank you, President.

Thank you. Next, I call on the distinguished representative of Germany.

Thank you, President. Germany aligns with the EU statement and thanks the High Commissioner for his update. Again, we meet in a time of crisis. We have consistently called— urged the Iranian regime to cease the appalling violence and repression against its own people and in the region. We reiterate our call for maximum restraint, protection of civilians, and full respect of international law. Russia has entered the 5th year of its abhorrent illegal aggression against Ukraine, including reckless attacks against the country's energy infrastructure and systematically using sexual violence and torture. 2 further points to consider for this debate. First, the Council has convened for not just one but 2 special sessions since the 60th meeting. While this demonstrates the Council's continued worth, it speaks to the state of human rights today. Transnational repression abounds and the right to freedom of religion or belief continues to be violated, 2 priority areas for my government. Second, let me be clear. Germany fully supports the High Commissioner. In 2025, we voluntarily funded his office with $29 million. We continue our support and urge others to do the same. The UNATP process should preserve the balance between the UN's 3 pillars, including the human rights pillar. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Rwanda.

Mr. President, Rwanda thanks the High Commissioner for his update. Across regions, humanitarian needs are rising while funding declines, inequalities and debt deepen, and the climate crisis accelerates. These converging pressures are generating severe and discriminate human rights consequences. The protection of civilians the prevention of atrocity crimes and accountability for serious violations are obligations that must be upheld without delay. In the Great Lakes region, where patterns of discrimination, hate speech, and targeted violence place specific communities at risk, States bear the primary responsibility to protect all populations without distinction, uphold equal protection under the law, and prevent conditions that may give rise to further violations. We commend the High Commissioner for clearly condemning hate speech and dehumanizing rhetoric, and for calling on states and social media platforms to act responsibly. Incitement and identity-based hostility, if left unaddressed, erode social cohesion and fuel instability. As discussions advance on UNHCR, Rwanda supports efforts to reinforce coherence between human rights sustainable development and protection. Greater efficiency, including through rationalization of mandates, should enhance impact on the ground. As the Council marks its 20th anniversary, Rwanda reaffirms the principles of universality, objectivity, and consistent application of standards. In partnership with member states, the Office should prioritize strengthening national resilience and addressing the root causes of conflict and vulnerability. Thank you.

Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nigeria.

Mr. President, Nigeria thanks the High Commissioner for his comprehensive global updates and reiterates its support for Office of the High Commissioner and the human rights mechanism. We reaffirm our commitment to multilateralism and universality of human rights. Nigeria remains committed to the effective implementation of the UDR and underscored the vital role of this council in promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms worldwide. Mr. President, we share deep concern over rising global tension and conflict that threatens international peace, security, and stability. To this end, Nigeria underscores the importance of restraint in the use of force to prevent civilian harm and safeguard the international legal framework governing armed conflict. In this context, current global challenges demand renewed concrete commitment to multilateralism, deep cooperation, and constructive engagement rooted in respect for international human rights and humanitarian law, as well as sovereignty and territorial integrity of states. My delegation is convinced that global peace, security, and stability, and democratic gains can only be sustained through steadfast adherence to these principles. Consistent with its longstanding commitment to multilateralism, Nigeria supports diplomatic efforts, confidence-building measures, and dialogue as the only sustainable path to peace and collective security. Finally, Nigeria remains firmly committed to advancing human rights through active and constructive engagement within this Council. We also align our statement with the African Group. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I'll give the floor to the distinguished representative of Belgium.

Thank you, Mr. President. Belgium supports what was said by the European Union, in particular with regards to the situation in the Middle East. The High Commissioner recalled in his report how much civic space is under pressure in many regions of the world. It's a source of deep concern for Belgium, especially when it occurs in electoral contexts, as the Multilateralism. The Council and its mechanism play a fundamental role in the respect, promotion, protection of all human rights despite the ongoing liquidity crisis in Geneva and also in the activities deployed by OHHR worldwide. Cooperation of states and the independence of the office are essential prerequisites which must be guaranteed and which are the responsibility of all. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan.

Thank you, Mr. President. In the 20th anniversary of the Human Rights Council, Azerbaijan, as a founding member of it, remains committed to respecting, protecting, and fulfilling all human rights and translating them into tangible policies that promote a just, equitable, and inclusive model of development for everyone. With the end of the long-lasting conflict and entering a period of peace and stability in the region, the spirit and essence of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments have been stretched out and upheld throughout the entire territory of Azerbaijan. In the new era, the Azerbaijani government's most important priorities aim at restoration and rehabilitation of the liberated areas, demining activities, safe and dignified return of displaced persons, as well as development of environmentally sustainable green energy zones. Azerbaijan has advanced a comprehensive normalization agenda with Armenia, highlighted by the Washington Joint Declaration, the initiating of the draft peace agreement, and establishing regional connectivity. In this vein, lifting cargo transit restrictions, supplying oil products to Armenia, and facilitating mutually beneficial trade further establish practical foundation for lasting peace and good neighbourhood relations. Azerbaijan also continues to contribute to the global agenda by organising this year major international platforms such as UNESCO 82nd Session, World Urban Forum, and World Forum on Intercultural Dialogue. We call on the Member States to support these efforts. We also closely follow the situation of human rights in the EU Member States and reserve the right to comment on it at a later stage. Thank you.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Republic of Moldova.

Thank you, Mr. President. We thank the High Commissioner for the Global Human Rights Update. Once again, underscore the need for a stronger UN human rights pillar with adequate and sustainable financial resources. Mr. President, I will refer to the specific situation in my country. We remain deeply concerned about the human rights situation in the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova, which is outside of the control of the constitutional authorities. The situation of individuals illegally detained on political grounds is of particular concern. In certain cases, detainees lack necessary medical services and their families are prohibited from visiting them. We call on immediate release of all those illegally detained. Furthermore, we stress that Latin script schools in the region continue to be under constant pressure and operate, operate in difficult conditions. Freedom of movement between the 2 banks of the Dniester River faces systemic obstacles, affecting especially civil society members and journalists. Freedom of expression is seriously limited, and any alternative voice is silenced. Taking this opportunity, once again, I reiterate our call on the Russian Federation to execute the relevant European Court of Human Rights judgments originating from the Transnistrian region. Mr. President, let me reassure you that the Republic of Moldova remains fully committed to a peaceful settlement of this conflict based on sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Moldova within its internationally recognized borders. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lithuania.

Thank you, Mr. President. Lithuania thanks the High Commissioner and the OSCE HR for their dedicated work in documenting human rights violations and speaking out against abuses. As noted in the Comprehensive Global Update, we must condemn the prevailing culture of impunity that allows human rights violations and crimes to go unpunished. For the 5th year, Russia continues its war of aggression against Ukraine, in blatant violation of the UN Charter. It continues to violate human rights by deliberately attacking civilians, energy and civilian infrastructure, torturing prisoners of war and civilian detainees, illegally deporting, militarizing, and indoctrinating Ukrainian children. The international community must ensure accountability, as impunity enables the aggressor. When might is right, domestic repressions are also growing. Politically motivated persecutions of journalists, human rights defenders, violence against peaceful protesters is a day-to-day reality in Russia, Belarus, Eritrea, Cuba, Iran, and elsewhere. Developments in Georgia are also deeply worrying. We're also worried about Iran attacks against neighboring countries and human rights consequences. The global trend of anti-rights is another growing challenge. The elimination of women and girls from public life, denial of education and health services in Afghanistan amount to gender persecution. Sexual violence is used as a weapon in most conflicts, including in Sudan and the DRC. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Maldives.

Mr. President, the Maldives thanks the High Commissioner for the update and commends his unwavering commitment and tireless efforts in monitoring and promoting human rights globally, often under challenging circumstances. Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, the Maldives has recently completed its 4th cycle review of the Universal Periodic Review, as well as reviews before the Committees on the Rights of the Child, the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, underscoring our continued commitment to constructive engagement with international human rights mechanisms. We have made tangible progress in advancing civil and political rights, including efforts to strengthen judicial independence, improving conditions of detention, and enhancing access to justice. The Maldives has also prioritized the promotion of economic, social, and cultural rights, with sustained investments in healthcare, education, and gender equality. Mr. President, as a small island developing state, the Maldives continues to face significant challenges arising from climate change, which has far-reaching implications for the full enjoyment of human rights. We call for strengthened international cooperation and solidarity to address climate-related human rights impacts, as well as transboundary air pollution that threatens public health, environmental quality, community well-being, and economic sustainability. I thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Nepal.

Mr. President, Nepal thanks the High Commissioner for the update on the situation of human rights in the world. and acknowledge the contribution made by High Commissioner and his office to protecting and promoting human rights globally. The world is facing multiple crises, some conventional and some emerging, and the response remains weak, inadequate, underfunded, and overstretched. Nepal expresses its deep concern over the evolving situation in the Middle East and urges all parties concerned to exercise maximum restraint, refrain from further escalating the tensions, and ensure the protection of civilians. Nepal calls for resolving the differences through dialogue and diplomacy in line with the Charter of the United Nations, international law, and the norms of world peace. Human rights and fundamental freedoms are the very foundation of the Constitution of Nepal which guarantees equality and social justice. Vibrant civic space is the strength of our democracy, and we in Nepal are going to hold general election of the House of Representatives on 5 March 2026. Despite prevailing challenges and uncertainty, we must uphold the universality of human rights. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Romania.

Merci, Monsieur le Président. Romania supports what was said by the EU. We would like to thank the High Commissioner for his annual report and reiterate our support to his mandate. Romania welcomes the commitment of his team to support the mechanism— the accountability mechanism, that is— and strengthening the ability of states and national institutions. We are concerned about the current financial crisis, which has deprived the human rights system of the resources and the staff it needs to fulfill its mandate. Mr. President. Armenia is committed to working with partners to defend and advance universal human rights and to uphold an effective multilateral system with human rights at its core. Our engagement will aim to foster democracy, human rights, and the rule of law; to protect and promote human rights of women and girls; to counter discrimination and antisemitism; to demand accountability to serious violations of human rights and international law. In this particular age of interference and contestation, we shall keep focus on democratic resilience. Romania will aim to consolidate the essential elements of this Council that support our common democratic values: freedom of expression, independent media, resilient national institutions, and a dynamic civil society. These are strengths of the Council, and we must enhance our collective capacity to protect them at all times. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria.

Thank you. This session is occurring in international circumstances which are extremely challenging for us. Our world must take up these crucial challenges. Armed conflicts are extending. They are giving rise to humanitarian disasters and are undermining international peace and security in the process. Algeria is following very carefully And with a lot of concern, the development of the situation in the Middle East, particularly following the negotiations which failed after the mediation of the Sultanate of Oman between Iran and the United States. We are concerned about the military escalation whose repercussions we still do not know. with the kindred Arab countries affected by military aggressions, and we reject any violation of the right to sovereignty of these countries, these kindred countries, and violation of their territorial integrity. Mr. President, because of the short time given to me, the statement— full statement will be posted on the extranet. Thank you very much.

Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Greece.

Thank you, Mr. President. Greece aligns with the EU statement. As the Secretary General stressed, human rights are under a global and coordinated attack. Greece therefore strongly supports the High Commissioner's Global Alliance initiative and calls for a renewed global effort, including adequate funding for the Office of the High Commissioner, to protect rights and freedoms and assist states that lack the necessary means and expertise. Regarding the update by the High Commissioner, we remain profoundly concerned by the massive human rights violations stemming from the continuing Russian invasion of Ukraine and of the humanitarian situation in Gaza. Sudan, Afghanistan, the DRC, Sudan, and Myanmar remain crises of grave concern, especially for women, children, and religious minorities. The situation in Syria is also of concern in this regard. The Turkish invasion and occupation of one-third of Cyprus continues to fundamentally violate the rights of hundreds of thousands of Greek Cypriots, and is the root cause of the human rights abuses affecting Turkish Cypriots, who are now outnumbered by settlers illegally transferred to the island by Türkiye. This aspect is insufficiently reflected in the Office's report. A more substantive report closer to the mandate given to the OHCHR, especially on issues such as forced demographic alteration, could meaningfully support efforts towards a comprehensive just, and lasting settlement of the Cyprus question. Finally, we express our grave concern regarding the escalation in the Middle East. We strongly condemn Iranian attacks against Gulf countries and call for restraint, the respect of international human rights law against peaceful civilian demonstrators. Thank you.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Türkiye.

Mr. President, there is no ambiguity about the gravity of the moment. We stand at a precipice. The recent attacks on Iran and Iran's subsequent response, including actions affecting third countries, pose serious risks to our region and to global stability. The danger of further escalation is real and immediate. Any action that violates international law or endangers innocent civilians is deeply alarming. We condemn all provocations that could intensify tensions and call on all parties to cease hostilities without delay. All responsible international actors must act with restraint and redouble their efforts to prevent a widening spiral of instability that could extend well beyond Iran and our region. Turkey stands ready to support all initiatives aimed at restoring calm and facilitating a return to diplomacy and mediation. Mr. President, the Council finds itself at a critical juncture, confronted with challenges of exceptional magnitude. The need to reform and rationalize the Council's agenda is more urgent than ever. Safeguarding its credibility, effectiveness, and institutional integrity requires a clear and disciplined focus. At a time of profound global upheaval, we must concentrate our attention and resources on the most pressing human rights violation situations before us. I find the remarks by our honorable Greek and Greek-speaking colleagues in this context inappropriate. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Venezuela.

Gracias. Thank you, President. Venezuela firmly believes in the United Nations Charter, and given that we were victims of a military aggression by a nuclear power, we cannot in principle tolerate the unjustified bombing of any country. Similarly, given that our President and his wife were abducted, any aggression against any head of state or government or any religious leader must be categorically denounced because this is a violation of the immunities they should enjoy. The U.N. Charter, international law, and the immunities of a head of state or a leader of a country must be respected. Failing to do so would open the door to allow any country or any head of state becoming also the similar targets with unlawful bombing, abduction, and assassination. Allowing this situation to become acceptable would mean that we would be jeopardizing global peace and peaceful coexistence and the survival of humanity. Thank you very much.

Thank you very much. Thank you. I now call on the distinguished representative of Malaysia.

Mr. President, Malaysia is deeply alarmed by the escalating situation in the Middle East. We strongly condemn the Israeli and US attacks against Iran and the subsequent retaliatory strikes against several countries across the region. These attacks violate the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, as well as the prohibition against the use of force under the UN Charter and international law. They constitute an affront to basic decency and a grave assault on multilateralism and international rules-based order. We are appalled and outraged that civilians and civilian infrastructures have been targeted, including reported attacks against a girls' school, resulting in a tragic loss of more than 160 young lives. The killing of children is indefensible under any circumstance and demands the strongest condemnation and accountability. The unprovoked attack against Iran last Saturday risks further destabilizing an already fragile region. It is symptomatic of a broader pattern of impunity and selective application of international law. The ongoing Israeli crimes in the occupied Palestinian territory remain among the clearest manifestations of this failure. For more than 2 years, the world has witnessed catastrophic suffering in Gaza. The continued expansion of settlements and consolidation of control in the West Bank West Bank further entrench illegality and undermine any prospect for a just and lasting peace. Impunity breeds instability. Selective application of international law erodes trust, weakens the credibility of institutions, and fuels wider conflict. The international community must act urgently and decisively to de-escalate tensions. All parties must exercise maximum restraint. There must be an off-ramp for diplomacy grounded in accountability and respect for international law. Thank you.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka.

Mr. President, since taking office in 2024, the government has implemented numerous confidence-building measures furthering reconciliation and national unity in Sri Lanka. Domestic independent mechanisms working on missing persons, reparations, and reconciliation are continuing their work within the constitutional framework. Consistent with Sri Lanka's policies, strong anti-corruption stances have been adopted to enhance transparency, accountability, and integrity within the public sector, including through the strengthening of the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption and the launch of the National Anti-Corruption Action Plan. Sri Lanka has made progressive steps towards protecting and promoting human rights, and will continue to do so. Sri Lanka reiterates its call upon the Council to afford time and space required to realize these objectives through domestic process. Mr. President, UNGA Resolution 60/251, which establishes the Human Rights Council, provides that this Council shall be guided by the principles of universality, impartiality, and objectivity, and non-selectivity. Both the Council and the Office of the High Commissioner China for human rights are required to conduct their mandates in accordance with these principles, as well as in conformity with GA Resolution 48/141. Sri Lanka wishes to reiterate that any attempt to impose external mechanisms on a sovereign state, particularly where credible domestic mechanisms for the promotion and protection of human rights are in operation, raises serious concerns. Sri Lanka supports the One China policy and we welcome China's cooperation. the human rights mechanisms. The full statement will be uploaded online. Thank you.

Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lebanon.

Thank you, Mr. President. In his oral update, the High Commissioner rightly emphasized the human rights implications of the interrelated challenges currently facing our world, including worsening humanitarian crises, armed conflicts, and growing threats to security and peace. Lebanon today expresses its deep concern in light of the alarming events that have occurred in the Middle East in recent days. We strongly condemn the attacks which undermine the sovereignty and security of brotherly Arab states and express our full solidarity with their peoples. Our country is also directly affected by the resurgence of violence in the region, with an increase in Israeli attacks which once again jeopardize our territorial integrity and our population's safety and security. At this very critical juncture, the protection of civilians and respect for human rights and international law must remain an absolute priority. Lebanon calls on the international community to assume its responsibilities and put an end to these escalations, which threaten regional stability and global peace. Decisive and constructive action is needed to find lasting solutions, to stop the cycle of violence, and to avoid further suffering in the Middle East. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Armenia.

Thank you, Mr. President. I would like to thank the High Commissioner for his report. The Human Rights Council must consider all human rights violations in impartiality and coherence in a context in which mass atrocities continue to be committed. The preventive role of the Council including in the field of genocide prevention, remains a moral priority in our region. Following the establishment of peace, Armenia has reiterated its firm commitment to consolidate peace through continued dialogue and confidence-building measures. Humanitarian concerns must remain an integral component of this process. In this regard, the continued detention of 19 Armenians requires a rapid resolution. We continue our efforts with the Azerbaijani side with a view to facilitating their release in line with our broader commitment to stability and lasting peace in the region. Across all domains, human rights must remain central at the heart of what we do. Hybrid threats and disinformation erode freedom of expression and democratic participation. The triple world crisis, including the loss of biodiversity, hamper human rights. Finally, as technological transformation reshapes society, ensuring equal access of women and girls to ICT is essential. to preventing widening inequalities. Mr. President, Armenia is deeply concerned about the recent escalation of hostilities in our region. Human rights must be protected at all times, including in full compliance with international humanitarian law and international human rights law. We call for restraint and emphasize that dialogue and diplomatic engagement remain the only viable path towards de-escalation and sustainable peace. Thank you.

I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco.

Thank you, President. My delegation thanks the High Commissioner for his report and would like to highlight the substantial progress made by Morocco in promoting and respecting human rights. In that respect, with respect to democratization of institutions of governance, His Majesty King Mohammed VI announced during his throne address key strategies, wide-scale strategies to reduce regional social disparities. This policy is aligned with extension of social and healthcare protection for all the population, which is already being implemented at multilateral level. The Kingdom has just hosted in Marrakesh from 11th to 3rd February the 6th Global Conference Against Child Labour. A human rights-based approach cuts across the final document adopted by that conference entitled the Marrakesh Framework. We hope therefore that the ILO will adopt a partnership approach with OHCHR in the context of its implementation and the total eradication of child labor in the necessary timeframe. Along similar lines, Morocco intends to organize on June 3rd, 4th, 2026, a multilateral meeting on prevention of torture through fundamental guarantees, as well as a targeted retreat also during this year, seeking to highlight— to give greater food for thought for ways of bolstering the UPR on the eve of its 5th cycle. Finally, I'm pleased to announce that the Kingdom will make a voluntary contribution of $500,000 in response to the appeal of the High Commissioner's Fund, as well as another $10,000 for the Special Fund for the Subcommittee for the Prevention of Torture. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sudan.

Thank you, President. We agree with the High Commissioner to say that we are extremely troubled at hate speech, increasing hate speech, and the decline in peaceful dispute settlement. The High Commissioner has visited Sudan many times. In that context, we urge him to shed greater light on efforts— or rather on acts of sabotage which have been launched by a state against my country. That country has been arming militants, foreign militants and mercenaries in my country. That country is also launching propaganda campaigns, lies which cannot be taken seriously. These are tantamount to attempts to distract attention from criminal acts that that state is committing itself. Sudan has adopted human rights promotion policies. However, following the latest upheavals in the Middle East, we call for restraint, cessation of military operations in the Gulf, return to the negotiating table. We guard against— we warn against extending these conflicts since this is a very delicate, sensitive region. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe.

Mr. President, Zimbabwe greatly appreciates the update by the human— by the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situations across the globe. We are deeply worried by the unilateral actions on sovereign states and the declining respect for international law. The ever-rising number of conflicts and crises is appalling. We call on all countries to jealously guard multilateralism and to return to the founding principles of the UN Charter and the respect of international law. Multilateralism is essential for the enjoyment of human rights by all and for the enactment of peace and sustainable economic development. The importance of human rights in ensuring a safer world that is inclusive, equitable, and fair can never be overemphasized. We call for the depoliticization of the Human Rights Council. We believe that the promotion and protection of human rights are better served through the founding principles of impartiality, objectivity, transparency, non-selectivity, non-politicization, and non-confrontation. Zimbabwe reiterates its position that solutions to the current global crisis can be achieved through constructive dialogue and cooperation. I thank you.

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Eritrea.

Thank you, Mr. President. The global update as presented by the High Commissioner serves as a stark reminder of where we stand and of the disturbing trajectory before us. We continue to witness conflicts that inflict profound suffering on civilian populations and attacks perpetrated against states that pose no threat to others. To the Office of the High Commissioner, we emphasize that words and narratives matter. Updates on unfolding situations must be accurate, balanced, and responsible. Inaccurate reporting risks needlessly internationalizing issues and creating distorted picture of the realities on the ground for the wider international community. At a time when the number of conflicts worldwide continues to rise, we believe that the office entrusted with the human rights mandate within the United Nations system must consistently uphold the highest standards of objectivity, impartiality, and professionalism in carrying out its responsibilities. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of Sierra Leone.

President, we are alarmed by serious violations of international law across multiple conflicts and echo the High Commissioner's warning that violence must not become the organizing principle. We call for immediate ceasefire and an end to atrocity crimes and the peaceful resolution of conflict through mediation and negotiation, drawing on our own past experience. The UN's liquidity crisis is undermining its effectiveness, particularly affecting the Human Rights Council, by weakening its mandates and accountability mechanism. We therefore call on all member states to fulfill their financial obligations in full and on time. Sierra Leone calls for an urgent de-escalation in the Middle East and a return to diplomatic negotiations. We call for renewed commitment to nuclear non-proliferation and the strengthening of international frameworks that reduce the risk of catastrophic escalation. At the national level, we have undertaken key reforms including the Child Rights Act 2024, the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2024, and the Gender Equality Act 2022. These reforms have strengthened child protection, women's leadership, and inclusive governance. As we continue to provide leadership on Africa's permanent representation on the Security Council, Sierra Leone remains committed to amplifying Africa's voice in the architecture of global peace and security. We will continue to collaborate with all partners to promote peace, security, and uphold human rights as the foundation of international order. And I thank you, President.

Thank you. I call on the distinguished representative of Senegal.

President Senegal thanks the High Commissioner for his update and commends the steadfast commitment of his services to promote the rights of all human beings to dignity and justice. We also commend the resilience of the Human Rights Council in these difficult times. Despite major progress achieved, numerous obstacles hinder the full enjoyment of human rights. Persistence of armed conflicts and humanitarian crises, the rise in racism, intolerance, xenophobia, and supremacism, and the risks inherent to climate change and the development of AI are troubling threats to humanity, not to mention the law of might is right or fait accompli and of contested global governance, which disrupts international balances and accentuates the risk of disintegration of the collective security system with the creation of rival blocs. In that context, we must more than ever reaffirm our shared commitment to the principle of rule of law, universality of human rights, and the central role of our Council as levers to prevent crises and to promote social progress. In that respect, Senegal welcomes the announced launch of a Global Alliance for Human Rights and hopes that it will enable greater cooperation among all states, non-state actors, and UN organs for the full exercise of those rights. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Mr. President, the DPR carefully upholds and protects the human rights of its people. The dignity and rights of the people are safeguarded through institutional frameworks legal protection, and practical implementation. Significant progress has been achieved in all aspects of human rights protection, including improvement of the people's living standard, development of public health, education for younger generation, and provision of housing. In my country, state policies are formulated in the best interest of the people, which are set as the absolute criteria, and are continuously revised and supplemented in accordance with the requirements of development. Mr. President, my delegation expressed deep concern of the Western countries' practice of making issue with the human rights situations of specific countries. It is not because they are truly concerned about the human rights, but because they pursue political objectives in justifying the interference in the internal affairs of other countries. It does not contribute in any way to the genuine promotion and protection of human rights, but only leads to confrontation and distrust among the countries. Human rights are not a tool for political pressure or geopolitical confrontation. Before I end my speech, my delegation commends China's efforts to safeguard citizens' fundamental rights, including freedom of expression, assembly, and religious belief, and firmly opposes some countries' interference in China's internal affairs and judicial sovereignty. I thank you.

Thank you. Now, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Botswana.

Mr. President, Botswana welcomes the update by the High Commissioner for Human Rights, which focuses on intersection, intersection of global challenges such as conflict, climate change, inequality, and decreased civic space. The challenges have a direct and significant impact on the enjoyment of human rights by all, particularly the most vulnerable. We share the High Commissioner's concern at the increasing disregard for international humanitarian law and the disproportionate impact of violence, discrimination, and displacement of vulnerable populations. Botswana subscribes to the promotion of and protection of human rights, adherence to international humanitarian law, as well as strengthening of democratic institutions. Many states, particularly developing economies, are facing constrained fiscal space and the the liquidity crisis threatens to widen inequality between and within nations and reverse the hard-won development gains. We remain deeply concerned by the weakening commitment to multilateral frameworks and wish to underscore the importance of multilateralism for the strengthening of global cooperation, inclusive development, and fostering of international peace and security. I thank you, Mr. President.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Oman.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. My country follows with great concern the rapid and grave developments in the Middle East in the light of escalated military actions and their consequences on the security and stability of the region and have a negative impact on human rights and development. Mr. Chair, based on the respect of the sovereignty of the countries' attachment to the UN Charter and international law, we reiterate our absolute rejection of all forms of military escalation, regardless of their source. We denounce the U.S.-Israeli attacks on the Islamic Republic of Iran. At the same time, we condemn the Iranian military reply or retaliation against GCC countries or other brotherly Arab countries. We are in solidarity with affected brotherly countries, and we support their legitimate measures to save their security based on international law. Thank you. The continuation of this escalation will lead to more tension and instability in the region. We call for immediate cessation of military actions, maximum restraint, and return to dialogue because it's the only way to solve disagreements. We are ready to support all efforts to reach de-escalation and to promote diplomatic solutions. Our full statement will be available on the extranet. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Libya.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We would like to denounce the Israeli attacks on the Islamic Republic of Iran, and we also strongly condemn attacks on the brotherly Arab countries because this constitutes a blatant violation of UN Charter and international law. We express our full solidarity with the affected brotherly countries. Continuing to violate sovereignty and territorial integrity of countries undermines the relationship between countries and destabilizes the region and the whole world. Mr. Chair, while we commend the efforts of the OHRHR in terms of promoting human rights in the world, however, we would like to mention This should be done based on equal treatment, objectivity, and neutrality. We found it weird that some reports by the OHCHR mentioned the situation of human rights of migrants in Libya. These reports are not objective, are not neutral, and they ignored the efforts of our national authorities to track human trafficking networks. Millions of migrants live and work in Libya. without discrimination. Let me reiterate that the issue of migration should not be only on the shoulders of the countries of transit. It should be an inclusive approach between the countries of destination, of origin, and transit, and development should be promoted.

President interrupts. I give the floor— Representative of Chad. The distinguished representative of Chad. Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Hungary.

Hungary. Thank you, Chair. We believe the assessment on each country should be based on comprehensive and unbiased information. Regarding the oral update, we wish to record that the protection of rights of the child is of utmost importance for Hungary. The war in Ukraine underscores the urgent need for a peaceful resolution, and in this regard, Hungary welcomes and supports the American-led peace efforts. One of our core priorities is the protection of the rights of national or ethnic, religious, and linguistic minorities. The restoration of previously acquired rights of the Hungarian national minority in Ukraine remains of utmost importance for us. In this respect, we are deeply worried about the human rights violations committed by Ukrainian authorities during the conscription process that have caused the death of 2 members of the Hungarian minority community. The usage of extremely polarizing language and unbiased reporting of the Special Reporter on OPT calls her impartiality into question and undermines the credibility of her mandate. Special Rapporteurs must exercise their functions through a professional, impartial assessment of facts, and they must uphold the highest standards of integrity, impartiality, and good faith. Any deviation from these core values is unacceptable and justifies resignation. Hungary remains strongly disappointed that the 7th agenda item of the HRC provides a platform for discrimination treatment of Israel. We fully support President Trump's peace plan, including the Board of Peace, as the only roadmap agreed to by the conflict parties that enlists the assistance of the mediators and regional partners. Thank you.

Thank you. Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Peru.

Thank you, President. Peru has listened with interest to the report of the High Commissioner Manner, strictly abiding by the law. We reiterate that there is strict respect for human rights, protection of civic space, and full exercise of fundamental freedoms, in particular freedom of expression, in the context of constitutional order and the rule of law. Peru notes with grave concern the human rights situation in Venezuela. We demand immediate release of a Peruvian citizen detained in that country in clear violation of their rights without any charges being brought against that person. Nor are we strangers to the tragic situation in other parts of the world with the persistence of armed conflict, and we continue to see grave violations of human rights and international law. We express our solidarity with the victims and reiterate our urgent call to protect and assist the civilian population. We also invoke the that there can— no distinctions can be invoked when it comes to applying fundamental freedoms and human rights around the world. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I call on the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation.

President, unfortunately, year in, year out, bias and selectivity in the activities of the High Commissioner and his office are only getting worse. Interpreting his mandate, Mr. Turk has taken upon himself the destructive policy to reformat OHCHR from a structural office of the UN Secretariat, which it is, into some kind of self-standing, unaccountable pseudo-organization. It's all dressed up as an attempt to avoid fragmentation of human rights. OHCHR is systematically turning into an oversight watchdog seeking to punish and pardon states. It's unacceptable. Double standards have long been a hallmark of the work of the High Commissioner and OHCHR. However, in its publications and statements, they do not see fit to condemn rampant excessive Russophobia in Ukraine, glaring discrimination against Russian speakers on the grounds of language, ethnicity, and religion. There is no condemnation or objective assessment of the malicious shelling by Ukrainian militants of civilian facilities in Russia, torture, and brutal reprisals against Russian POWs and civilians. OHCHR unconscionably stays silent in the face of the blatantly discriminatory policy by the Latvian authorities, who with ever greater zeal chase their pipe dream to expel Russian speakers from the country, who for years have been treated as humiliating status of non-citizens and denied many basic rights. The few human rights defenders who've had the courage to openly state their position are immediately packed off to prison, as is the case with 71-year-old Alexander Gaponenko or 67-year-old historian Viktor Gushi. And from OHCHR, not a word. We urge the High Commissioner and his office to act in good faith and provide a frank assessment of these human rights violations.

Next, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of El Salvador.

Señor Presidente, agradecemos. President, we're grateful to the High Commissioner for his oral update. We think it's necessary to clarify that El El Salvador took the sovereign decision to confront terrorism through constitutionally legitimate tools with the sole goal of guaranteeing the fundamental rights of our population such as life, security, and peace. Bolstering rule of law in our nature has helped us to restore public spaces and protect the victims who for decades suffered systematic violations of their rights by criminal structures. Our actions take place in the context of an internet— of our legal framework with a firm commitment towards justice, transforming formerly a system that didn't provide arrestments to the citizens' appeals. We firmly believe that promotion of human rights requires constructive dialogue and a balanced approach that recognizes national realities and the efforts of every state to achieve development. There cannot be lasting stability without security, nor security without robust institutions that respond to the needs, the genuine needs of its people. We reaffirm our commitment to multilateralism and to this council, convinced that there should always be space to build bridges based on mutual respect and objective understanding of the processes taking place in each country. Thank you.

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uruguay.

President, Uruguay is grateful to the High Commissioner for Human Rights for presenting his report. We reiterate our conviction that the work of OHCHR is today more important and more urgent than ever. As Antonio Guterres said, human dignity and diplomacy must prevail today more than ever. In the current context, so full of crises, injustice, the needs today— the Office's work is crucial as a fundamental pillar of action for the benefit of all without differences. As the High Commissioner said, human rights We reiterate the call to respect and guarantee respect for IHL and international human rights law, pillars of the norms-based international order, as well as ensure accountability without exceptions. We reiterate our commitment to strengthen the human rights pillar in providing it necessary resources and political support to be able to deliver on its mandate. Thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ukraine.

Mr. President, we thank the High Commissioner for his comprehensive global update. The assessment reflects a troubling reality: human rights violations are not isolated incidents; they are increasingly used as tools of war, repression, and political coercion. As we enter the 5th year since the start of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, We are reminded that the erosion of international law anywhere weakens its protection globally. For four years, Ukraine has endured relentless attacks on its civilian population and infrastructure. Russian armed forces have committed torture, sexual violence, summary executions, and forced deportations, including of Ukrainian children. Entire communities have been displaced. Cultural heritage has been targeted. Basic services have been. been deliberately destroyed. These violations are not only an assault on Ukraine. They are an assault on the principles upon which this Council stands. Mr. President, through you, I urge those delegations who still use the notion war in Ukraine to remember there is no war in Ukraine. There is war against Ukraine. A Russian war of aggression against Ukraine. We urge for continued support for monitoring, documentation, and accountability efforts, and we call on all states to uphold their obligations under international law. I thank you.

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uganda.

Mr. President, Uganda aligns with the statements delivered by NAM and the African Thank you, Mr. President, members of the Working Group, and we take note of the High Commissioner's oral update. This session is being held in an extraordinary time with ravaging conflicts and flagrant disregard of international law and multilateralism, as well as a waning trust in international institutions, which concerns us. Human rights cannot be separated from the structural challenges that impede a country's development. That is why we firmly believe that the Council must get the right balance in its work. Without a peaceful and secure environment, the fundamental rights to life, safety, and dignity cannot be guaranteed. Because of that, Uganda is striking a balance between peace, security, and development And we continue to offer safe refuge to nearly 2 million refugees who seek refuge in the country, as well as working on the root causes so that we can end this displacement. Uganda achieved.

Thank you. Thank you. I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Tunisia.

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We align ourselves to the statements of the Arab Group. We reiterate our commitment to constructive cooperation with the Human Rights Council and mechanisms according to international obligations, while respecting our sovereignty and the will of our people and choice. We continue our reform in order to lay the foundations of a modern democratic regime. And contrary to what the Human Rights Commissioner mentioned and has updated, we guarantee civil— civic freedoms and we do not impose any restrictions on civil society activists. They are only prosecuted if they perpetrate crimes and according to the law, and they have the right to defense. We call upon the OHCHR to observe credibility and objectivity in its statement and to rely on official replies by the Tunisian state on these matters. We reiterate the importance of promoting all rights, including the right to development, and we call for a structural reform of the international financial architecture and to alleviate the debt burden on developing countries. position vis-à-vis the rights of the Palestinian people, inalienable rights and the right to self-determination. We also align— we would like also to say that we distance ourselves from what the OIC mentioned in terms of recognition of the occupation or what can be understood as such. Thank you.

Thank you. Thank you. Now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Mr. President, my delegation thanks the High Commissioner for his oral update and acknowledges the continuing efforts of his Office in advancing the promotion and protection of human rights globally. We take note of the global human rights challenges highlighted in the update, including the impacts of geopolitical tensions, economic instability, and climate change. The Lao PDR reiterates its commitment to promote and protect human rights in the country in line with its international human rights obligations while ensuring that progress is pursued in a manner consistent with our national circumstances, levels of development, and the aspirations of our people. We call for constructive dialogue and engagement in advancing human rights in the spirit of multilateralism and mutual respect, while upholding the principle of impartiality, objectivity, non-selectivity— excuse me— and non-interference in the internal affairs of other states in line with the UN Charter. Mr. President, the Lapidary reaffirms its support to the One China principle and considers that Hong Kong, Tibet, and Xinjiang-related issues issues are China's internal affairs. In conclusion, the Lao PDR remains committed to constructive engagement with the UPR process and UN Human Rights Mechanism and calls for continued technical assistance and capacity building. I thank you.

Thank you. Excellencies, distinguished participants, this was the last speaker that we could accommodate at this meeting. We will reconvene this afternoon at 2:30 PM to continue the general debate under Item 2 and to hold the interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on Torture. I thank the interpreters and I hereby close the 12th meeting of the 61st Session of the Human Rights Council. Thank you.