30th Meeting - 63rd Session of Human Rights Council
Human Rights Council
Date: 28 September 2026
Language: English
Transcript: https://transcripts.un.org/en/hrc/63/30
Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.

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UN · Announcement [11:22]:

Important announcement.

Message important.

Anuncio importante. Urge from the speakers, the key, the data, the data, the data, the data, the data, the Pour aider à transmettre les messages de manière précise et complète, les orateurs sont cordialement invités à ne pas parler trop vite.

Speakers are kindly reminded to deliver their statements at a reasonable pace to ensure complete and quality interpretation.

Il est rappelé aux orateurs qu'ils doivent présenter leurs déclarations à un rythme raisonnable afin de garantir une interprétation complète et de qualité.

Se ruega a los oradores que pronuncien sus declaraciones a un ritmo razonable para garantizar una interpretación íntegra y de calidad.


HRC · President [15:19]:

Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, I hereby declare open the 30th meeting of the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. We will now resume with the consideration of the outcome of Sierra Leone. I will now open the floor to member and observer States for their comments on the outcome of the review. The speaking time has been set at one minute and 30 seconds for all states. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Cyprus.


Cyprus [15:56]:

Thank you, Mr. President. We thank the delegation of Sierra Leone for its presentation, and we welcome the decision by the government to accept 279 of 310 recommendations received, demonstrating their commitment to advancing the promotion and protection of human rights. We are happy to note that recommendations made by Cyprus pertaining to the ratification of the second optional protocol to the ICCPR, the equitable allocation of resource for education reforms, the establishment of preventive measures to mitigate the impact of climate-related displacement, the implementation of a national strategy for eliminating and criminalizing female genital mutilation, as well as increasing legal assistance for victims and survivors of gender-based violence have all been accepted. At the same time, we hope that noted recommendations will be reconsidered at a later date. We support the consensual adoption of Sierra Leone's report and wish the country every success in the implementation of the recommendations that have been accepted. I thank you.


HRC · President [17:00]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the distinguished representative of Djibouti.


Djibouti [17:06]:

Thank you, President. Djibouti wishes a warm welcome to the delegation of Sierra Leone. We thank them for its additional presentation, placing emphasis on efforts and commitments in the field of promotion and protection of human rights on the occasion of the adoption of the report. Djibouti congratulates Sierra Leone for accepting 279 of the 310 recommendations received during the fourth cycle, and in particular welcomes the acceptance by Sierra Leone of the two recommendations made by my own country. Djibouti wishes every success to Sierra Leone in implementing the recommendations and recommends that the Human Rights Council adopt the report for Sierra Leone's fourth UPR cycle. Thank you.


HRC · President [17:54]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the distinguished representative of Equatorial Guinea.


Equatorial Guinea [18:06]:

The delegation of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea cordially welcomes the distinguished delegation of Sierra Leone. We congratulate them for presenting the national report. Our country notes with satisfaction Sierra Leone's efforts to improve the promotion and protection of human rights. Our delegation positively values initiatives towards expanding access to reproductive healthcare services, especially for pregnant teens and young mothers, as well as efforts towards guaranteeing their access to education without discrimination in the context of national policies of high-quality, free-of-charge education. The delegation of Equatorial Guinea calls on the Human Rights Council to approve the Sierra Leone report. Thank you.


HRC · President [19:02]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia.


Ethiopia [19:08]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Ethiopia warmly welcomes the delegation of Sierra Leone and congratulates it on the successful completion of its fourth cycle in universal periodic review. We commend Sierra Leone for its constructive engagement throughout the UPR process and its continued efforts to strengthen the promotion and protection of human rights. Ethiopia welcomes the commitments reflected in Sierra Leone's UPR outcome and encourages continued efforts towards implementation. We also encourage continued national ownership and broad stakeholder engagement in the follow-up to the accepted recommendations. Ethiopia fully supports the adoption of the UPR outcome of Sierra Leone and wishes every success in its implementation. I thank you.


HRC · President [19:49]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gabon.


Gabon [19:57]:

Thank you, President. Delegation of Gabon wishes a warm welcome to delegation of Sierra Leone and it welcomes its full entire cooperation with UPR mechanism. characterised by the acceptance of 279 of the 310 recommendations received. We thank Sierra Leone for taking into account the recommendations from our own country, Gabon, particularly when it comes to eradicating poverty and inequalities. My delegation reiterates its congratulations to the Sierra Leone Government for all its efforts in promoting and protecting human rights. We wish it every success during implementation. We urge the Council to adopt the Sierra Leone UPR report. Thank you.


HRC · President [20:44]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gambia.


Gambia [21:05]:

Mr. President, can I get called for the next round? Let me put my house in order. I just got in. I've lost my statement. Thank you.


HRC · President [21:15]:

All right, I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ghana.


Ghana [21:22]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Ghana congratulates the delegation of Sierra Leone for successfully completing its review exercise under the fourth cycle of the UPR. We commend the government of Sierra Leone for its commitment to implement 279 of the 310 recommendations received, including the three recommendations put forward by my delegation. This demonstrates the government of Sierra Leone's continued efforts to strengthen its legislative, judicial, and administrative capacities to ensure compliance with its human rights obligations. Mr. President, Ghana was pleased to serve as a tracker member for Sierra Leone's UPR exercise. We express our confidence in the institutions of Sierra Leone to advance its domestic human rights obligations. In conclusion, we reaffirm our solidarity and support for Sierra Leone and wish it every success in implementing the accepted recommendations. Thank you.


HRC · President [22:13]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of India.


India [22:18]:

Thank you, Mr. President. India cordially welcomes the delegation of Sierra Leone for the adoption of the UPR report. The review saw substantive participation with 119 delegations taking the floor and making a total of 310 recommendations. We appreciate the constructive engagement of the delegation of Sierra Leone during the entire review, which reflects their commitment to the UPR process. India appreciates that as many as 271 recommendations have been accepted by Sierra Leone. including all three recommendations made by my delegation. While recommending adoption of their UPR report, we congratulate the delegation of Sierra Leone on their successful review and wish them success in their efforts towards implementation of the accepted recommendations. I thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [23:08]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Iran.


Iran (Islamic Republic of) [23:24]:

Thank you, Mr. President. The Islamic Republic of Iran welcomes the adoption of the outcome report of the UPR of Sierra Leone. We sincerely appreciate Sierra.

Leone for accepting all the recommendations put forward by Iran and for its constructive engagement throughout the review process.

We particularly welcome Sierra Leone's.

Efforts to strengthen social protection, improve access to quality education and healthcare, promote safe drinking water and sanitation, and advance inclusion in the schools. We wish the government and people of Sierra Leone continued success in promoting human rights, development, and well-being of all Sierra Leoneans. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [24:08]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Jordan.


Jordan [24:15]:

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We welcome the delegation of friendly Sierra Leone, and we commend their cooperation with the UPR. We commend their efforts in order to protect and promote human rights, and we appreciate their acceptance of the two recommendations that my country has submitted, namely pertaining to equitable access to healthcare services and education, as well as pursuing national efforts to promote the protection of children and to provide a safe and supportive environment for their growth. We wish Sierra Leone success in protecting and promoting human rights, and we recommend adoption of the outcome report for this UPR. Thank you, Mr. Chair.


HRC · President [25:02]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malawi.


Malawi [25:11]:

Mr. President, Malawi warmly welcomes the delegation of the Republic of Sierra Leone and commends its constructive engagement with the UPR mechanism. We recognize Sierra Leone's continued efforts to strengthen the promotion and protection of human rights, including through legislative and policy reforms aimed at advancing the rights of women and children, combating trafficking in persons, strengthening protection for migrant workers, and addressing sexual and gender-based violence. We particularly commend CERWON for its continued commitment to strengthening national human rights institutions and frameworks, and encourage further efforts towards the effective implementation of the recommendations it has supported. Malawi recognizes the importance of continued international cooperation and technical assistance in supporting national efforts to fulfill human rights obligations and advance sustainable development. In conclusion, my delegation welcomes CRD1's support for 271 recommendations, including all three made by Malawi. Accordingly, Malawi commends the adoption of the outcome by consensus. I thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [26:33]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Maldives.


Maldives [26:39]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

The Maldives warmly welcomes the distinguished delegation from Sierra Leone to the adoption of the UPR report and compliments Sierra Leone's commitment to the UPR process.

The Maldives commends Sierra Leone for accepting most of the recommendations it received during the UPR working.

Group session in May 2026, including two recommendations from the Maldives.

We wish the government of Sierra Leone success in implementing the accepted recommendations and request the Council to adopt the Sierra Leone's outcome report by consensus.

I thank you.


HRC · President [27:11]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco.


Morocco [27:16]:

Thank you, Mr. President. The delegation of Morocco welcomes the delegation of Sierra Leone and is pleased to support the adoption of its UPR report today. In particular, Morocco welcomes Sierra Leone's support for its recommendation to ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance and the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families. We also welcome its support for strengthening the implementation of the national social protection policy through clear budget lines and for expanding child sensitive social protection to reach all vulnerable children and households. Strengthening the links between social protection, child protection, education and health systems together with increased Domestic financing will be essential to giving effect to this commitment. The support given to these recommendations reflects Sierra Leone's genuine commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights. In conclusion, Morocco wishes all success to the Government of Sierra Leone in its effort to implement the recommendations stemming from this cycle of the Universal Periodic Review. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [28:30]:

Thank you, and I now return and give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gambia.


Gambia [28:37]:

The Gambia warmly welcomes the brotherly delegation of Sierra Leone and congratulates the government on the successful completion of its fourth UPR process. We commend Sierra Leone for its constructive engagement throughout the review process and welcome the consultations undertaken at the national level in considering the recommendations received. The Gambia particularly welcomes Sierra Leone's decision to support all three recommendations made by our delegation as part of the 271 accepted. We believe that the implementation of these recommendations will complement Sierra Leone's ongoing legal and institutional reforms and contribute to further strengthening the protection and promotion of human rights. The Gambia encourages continued engagement with national stakeholders throughout the implementation and follow-up process, and we see Sierra Leone every success in this regard. The Gambia supports the adoption of the UPR outcome of Sierra Leone, Mr. President. I thank you.


HRC · President [29:31]:

Thank you. This was the last speaker that we could accommodate. Let me remind all of you that all statements, including those which could not be delivered due to time constraints, may be uploaded online. And I now give the floor to the other stakeholders to make their general comments on the outcome. The speaking time is two minutes set for all. And the first speaker on the list is the representative of the Edmund Rice International Limited for video intervention.


 [30:03]:

Mr. President, the joint GPR submission for Sierra Leone by the Edmund Rice International and Christian Brothers Development Office.

Was rooted in the lived realities of communities where we work, particularly among children, young people, women, and vulnerable households. Our submission highlighted rights to quality and inclusive education, health, adequate standard of living, gender equality, women's empowerment, sexual and gender-based violence, including access to justice. Following CERL's UPR review in May 2026, we participated in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation's National Reporting Mechanism consultation held in Freetown on the 6th and 7th August 2026. We welcome this engagement, non-consultation most lead to measurable implementation. We are pleased to know that our recommendations were substantially reflected in Sierra Leone's fourth cycle UPR and a significant number supported by the state. Mr. President, the real test of the UPR is not recommendations accepted, but whether they change people's lives. We therefore urge Sierra Leone to issue and publish a clear implementation roadmap with responsible institutions, measurable targets, and deadlines. Deliver where gaps are greatest, prioritizing women, girls, and most rural communities, particularly in education, healthcare, water and sanitation, land rights, sexual and gender-based violence prevention, and access to justice.

Fund the commitments with adequate and transparent budget allocations, trained personnel, and accessible services.

Strengthen community and civil society participation alongside the National Human Rights Commission in monitoring and publicly reporting progress and gaps. Those whose rights are at stake must have a meaningful voice in measuring progress. We stand ready to collaborate with the states as the UPR moves from recommendations to implementation and tangible improvement in people's lives. Thank you.


HRC · President [32:00]:

Thank you. I give now the floor to the representative of the Ensemble contre la peine de mort for a video intervention.


ECPM [32:08]:

Our organization welcomes the adoption of the report of the Working Group on the UPR of Sierra Leone by the Human Rights Council. Abolition of the death penalty by Sierra Leone in 2021 was a major step forward for human rights in Africa. Three years after this historic reform, Sierra Leone has consolidated its abolitionist status through implementation of a number of reforms of its national legislation. In 2026, the Parliament approved the ratification of the second optional protocol, and the instruments for accession to that protocol were deposited with the UN in June 2026. Through this important stage announced by the Justice Ministry at the 9th World Congress Against the Death Penalty in Paris, Sierra Leone sealed its abolitionist commitment for the international community. We urge the country to continue along this path by renewing at the end of the year its vote in favor of the UN General Assembly resolution calling for a moratorium on the death penalty and we would encourage it also to advocate for that resolution with the other member states thank you.


HRC · President [33:19]:

Thank you and I now give the floor to the representative of the defense for children international.


DCI · DCI Sierra Leone and the Child Rights Coalition Sierra Leone [33:25]:

Mr. President, this statement is delivered on behalf of DCI Sierra Leone and the Child Rights Coalition Sierra Leone. It reflects our position on Sierra Leone's response to the recommendations.

Received at the 52nd session of the UPR Working Group. We welcome the acceptance of a significant.

Number of recommendations and commend important commitments to advance constitutional and justice sector reforms. In particular, we welcome the adoption of the Child Rights Act, the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, and measures aimed at ensuring continued access to education for pregnant girls. However, several concerns remain. Once again, we regret the decision to note recommendations calling for the explicit prohibition and criminalization of FGM against children. Existing legal and policy measures remain insufficient to protect girls from this harmful practice and to ensure accountability for violations. We are also concerned by persistent challenges within the administration of justice, including the unnecessary deprivation of liberty of children, prolonged pre-trial detention and limited access to legal aid, particularly for children living in rural areas. We urge the Government of Sierra Leone to ratify the Optional Protocol to the CRC on a communication procedure, thereby strengthening access to remedies for children whose rights have been violated. Strengthen access to child-friendly justice, including by reducing the use of detention, preventing prolonged pre-trial detention and expanding access to legal aid services throughout the country. allocate adequate resources to prevent and eliminate child labor, including through enhanced labor inspections, access to education and child protection services, and ensure the effective implementation of the Child Rights Act and the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act through adequate budget allocations, operational guidelines, and strengthened monitoring and accountability mechanisms. Thank you.


HRC · President [35:19]:

Thank you. I give the floor to Advocates for Human Rights for video intervention.


 [35:25]:

President, the Advocates for Human Rights, the Society for Human Rights and Development Organization, and World Coalition Against the Death Penalty congratulate Sierra Leone for abolishing the death penalty with the Abolition of the Death Penalty Act number six of 2022. We further applaud the eight member states urging Sierra Leone to ratify the second optional protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. We are pleased that the Government of Sierra Leone has supported these recommendations. We welcome Sierra Leone's voluntary pledge in the report of the Working Group that the Government intends to ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty and to entrench the reform. While we await the Government's actions, To implement these recommendations and voluntary pledge, we note that in its third cycle UPR in 2021, Sierra Leone supported nine recommendations to ratify the Second Optional Protocol, but still has not signed or ratified the Second Optional Protocol, nor have authorities taken any meaningful steps towards doing so. We therefore encourage Sierra Leone to support the domestic parliamentary procedures to ratify the protocol already put forth and call upon member states to lend their support to Sierra Leone as it ratifies the second optional protocol. Thank you.


HRC · President [36:53]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of International Service for Human Rights for a video intervention.


ISHR [37:00]:

President, we acknowledge the constructive engagement of Sierra Leone under the UPR and commend the acceptance of recommendations, especially those related to the protection of HRDs. Sierra Leone has made significant progress in the last UPR, including through the abolition of the death penalty, the adoption of gender equality, repeal of part five of the Public Order Act of 1965, and the introduction of Cybersecurity Crime Act 2021. We, however, remain concerned about the effectiveness of the protection of civic space and HRDs in country. In fact, recent developments reveal a gap between these reforms and the reality faced by those who speak out and defend human rights. Freedom of expression remain under pressure. including through liberal provisions in cybersecurity legislation. Human rights defenders, journalists, women activists, and political dissenters continue to face intimidation and arrest for exercising their rights. The detention of artists and activists for speech-related offenses has had a chilling effect on free expression. In April 2026, four United Nations Special Rapporteurs expressed serious concern over the arbitrary detention and judicial harassment of human rights defenders Prince Tomi Williams and Mohammed Toure as a result of their peaceful human rights work with LifeLine and the HERMA project. Sierra Leone continues to face criticism regarding its compliance with international human rights obligations. Despite the 2025 ECOWAS court judgment finding Sierra Leone in breach of its obligation for failing to criminalize female genital mutilation. The government has yet to enact the required legislation. We urge the government to, one, adopt a national legislation on the recognition and protection of HRD. Two, protect human rights defenders from intimidation and harassment and ensure that police and other state institutions facilitate rather than obstruct legitimate human rights work. Three, respect and protect civic space according to international standard and the commitment of the state party. Thank you.


HRC · President [39:03]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of CIVICUS for a video intervention.


CIVICUS [39:10]:

Thank you, Mr. President. CIVICUS Campaign for Good Governance, the Network Movement for Justice and Development, and the Mother Earth for Climate Justice welcome the government of Sierra Leone's engagement with the UPR process. Since its last review, Sierra Leone has only partially implemented one out of 17 recommendations relating to civic space. While in the previous cycle the government accepted 14 recommendations, it appears to have backtracked on this commitment in this cycle. Civicus and its partner organizations are concerned that the government did not accept.

Any recommendations in relation to harassment, intimidation, and attacks against civil society activists, human rights defenders, and journalists that curtail?

The fundamental freedoms, including freedom of association and expression. Instead, the state has continued using laws and security personnel to harass, intimidate, and persecute civil society activists, human rights defenders, and journalists. We urge the government to uphold its human rights obligations, repeal Part 3 of the Public Order Act 1965, which restricts citizens' right to peaceful protest and processions, implement progressive laws and policies, and create an enabling environment for civil society and human rights defenders. At the same time, accelerate the process of institutional reform and ratification of relevant mechanisms, including African court, to grant citizens direct access to the court so as to further improve the enjoyment and enforcement of human rights without delay.

We thank you.


HRC · President [40:53]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Center for Global Not Killing.


CGNK [41:00]:

The human beings. Mr. President, dear living populations of Sierra Leone, the authorities of Sierra Leone, including the highest, the delegation, everyone, good afternoon. Greetings of integrity in human rights. We congratulate Sierra Leone for accepting, here and again, the recommendations made to ratify the Genocide Convention. We appreciate the related comment made during the working group. As genocide is too scotient, as Sierra Leone has ratified the Rome Statute, And as some states have adapted legislation only after ratification, though Sierra Leone is a dualist country, we still consider that the Genocide Convention is directly applicable in the country, and we encourage, therefore, for swift ratification of the Genocide Convention. On another life-promoting issue, is suicide criminalized under common law in the country? If so, we encourage the state to swiftly adopt legislation promoting mental health instead of prosecution, and to the jurisdictions as was recently done in Kenya, we call for a change of jurisprudence. Finally, both female and male genital mutilations can cause lasting physical and psychological trauma that reconstructive surgery cannot fully erase. When performed incorrectly, they carry a high risk of severe complications, disfigurement, and death. Prevention must remain the primary focus over prosecution, while informed adult consult alters the ethical context, physical integrity remains paramount, particularly in safeguarding lifelong sexual function and natural sensitivity. Where ritual and cultural continuity are sought for, we advocate exclusively for symbolic practices that leave physical integrity completely intact. It is in joy that we give our best to life. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [42:57]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the representative of the Contra African pour la Defense des Droits de l'Homme. Video intervention.


RADO [43:08]:

RADO wishes a welcome to the Sierra Leone delegation at the fourth cycle of UPR. I want to congratulate the country for its cooperation with the Council. RADO commends progress achieved since the last cycle, including abolition of the death penalty, legislative progress towards gender equality, spanning early marriage, judiciary reform, adoption of the law on the rights of the child, a new criminal code of procedure and repealing provisions that criminalise defamation. That notable progress must be translated through the effective promotion and protection of fundamental freedoms and the consolidation of the rule of law. RADO remains concerned by restrictions on civic space and freedom of expression and by allegations of excessive use of force by law and order. We call on the country to guarantee independent and impartial investigations into all violations attributable to the law enforcement and bring its legislation on cyber security and law and order in line with international standards. We are also worried about the persistence of prison overcrowding and protracted provisional detention. The recent reform of the criminal procedure must now produce measurable results, particularly in increased recourse to non-custodial measures. We express our concern about the ongoing gender-based violence and FGM. We call for the launching of an outreach campaign to put an end to those practices, and for the adoption of support measures for prevention and legal protection for victims. We call on Sierra Leone to ratify the optional protocol. to the Convention against Torture and the Optional Protocol to the CEDAW. We urge the country to continue its cooperation with special procedures and provide further efforts to reduce prison overcrowding. Thank you.


HRC · President [45:05]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of InternationalLawyers.org.


 [45:12]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

We thank Sierra Leone for engaging in the UPR process. The recommendations of the outcome report raise concerns on the perpetration of female genital mutilation and death penalty in Sierra Leone. There is an evident implementation gap between international human rights standards and the lived realities of the people in Sierra Leone. All forms of female genital mutilation and the application of the death penalty amount to human rights violations that the national laws of Sierra Leone fail to prohibit. We strongly encourage Sierra Leone to implement the recommendations listed in the outcome report. In this regard, we urge the adoption of national legislation to criminalize the perpetration of the death penalty and female genital mutilation or cutting, as these practices are not addressed as human rights violations in Sierra Leone. Acknowledging the importance of liberty and security of the person in the national constitution is not sufficient and does not amount to concrete human rights enforcement. Moreover, we call upon Sierra Leone to enact initiatives aimed at increasing awareness on harmful practices, such as mutilation and death penalty, and their effects. It is paramount to educate the national community, including women and girls, on prevention and the physical and psychological implications. In addition, we urge Sierra Leone to consider that the right of consenting adults to make informed choices on matters affecting their personal lives and bodily integrity shall not prevent the state from prohibiting practices violating human rights. Accordingly, We appeal to Sierra Leone to comply with the findings of the outcome report and implement measures at a national level regarding the prohibition of death penalty and female genital mutilation. Death penalty and female genital mutilation shall be banned in every country.

I thank you.


HRC · President [47:13]:

Thank you. I give the floor to Interfaith International for video intervention.


 [47:19]:

Mr. President, Interfaith International welcomes the Sierra Leone delegation for the fourth cycle of the UPR. We congratulate the country on accepting the majority of recommendations on its cooperation with the Human Rights Council. We acknowledge the progress made by Sierra Leone in strengthening human rights protections, including the abolition of the death penalty, reforms of justice system, and measures to improve the rights of women and children. We particularly welcome the adoption of the Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment Act of the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act.

However, important concerns remain.

Women and girls continue to face gender-based violence and harmful practices, including female genital mutilation. We therefore encourage Sierra Leone to strengthen legal protection, prevention measurements, and support for victims. Further efforts are also needed to improve access to health care and education, particularly for people living in rural and vulnerable communities.

We remain concerned about overcrowding in detention facilities, delays in justice systems, and barriers.

Barriers to access legal assistance. Finally, we encourage the government to strengthen the protection of freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, journalists, human rights defenders, and civil society. Interfaith International calls on Sierra Leone to continue its cooperation with international human rights mechanisms and to ensure the effectiveness implementations of the recommendations rejected during the universal periodic review.

Thank you, Mister President.


HRC · President [48:46]:

Thank you. I give the floor to United Towns Agency for North-South Cooperation. Oh, not here? All right. So that was the last speaker that we could accommodate, the last speaker on my list, in fact. And before giving the floor to the delegation of Sierra Leone for concluding remarks, allow me to inform you that Out of 310 recommendations received, 271 enjoyed the support of Sierra Leone and 39 are noted. And I now give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Samuel Huseman Buggisafa, Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative for concluding remarks. You have the floor, sir.


Sierra Leone · Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative · Samuel Huseman Buggisafa [49:35]:

Your Excellency, Chair, Mr. President, it's important that I first and foremost, convey on behalf of my delegation our profound gratitude to you for the successful conduct of this adoption, and to also convey similar sentiments to your Vice President, who was in charge of the morning session.

We thank.

Once more the members of the Troika of Ghana, the Republic of Korea, and Spain for their guidance and support. the UPR Secretariat and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights for their assistance throughout the process, and all delegations that participated in the consideration of Sierra Leone's report. We also acknowledge with appreciation the contributions of civil society organizations and other national stakeholders whose engagement continues to enrich Sierra Leone's human rights reporting and implementation processes. Sierra Leone has listened carefully to the observations, recommendations, and concerns expressed during the review. We take them very seriously and will continue to engage constructively with the Council and the international community as we implement the commitments we have undertaken. The UPR is part of our broader national efforts to build a Sierra Leone in which every person can live with dignity, enjoy their fundamental rights, access justice, and participate meaningfully in the development of our country. Sierra Leone, therefore, renews its commitment to cooperation, national ownership, accountability, and constructive international engagement in advancing human rights. We look forward to continuing this journey with the Human Rights Council, Member States, the United Nations system, and all national and international partners. Let us continue to work together to ensure that the promise of human rights is realized for all. And I thank you very much, Mr. President.


HRC · President [51:58]:

Thank you, and thank you for the presentations and the constructive participation of Sierra Leone throughout the UPR process. I now propose that the Council adopts the decision on the outcome of the Universal Periodic Review of Sierra Leone as it appears on screen. I take it that everybody is agreeable and therefore the decision is adopted. We will now briefly suspend the meeting before the consideration of the outcome of Singapore. Excellencies, colleagues, we will now proceed with the consideration of the Outcome of Singapore. The Outcome is based on the report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review of Singapore and its addendum. These documents, together with the additional information that will now be provided by Singapore, will constitute the Outcome of the review and shall be adopted by the Council through a standardized decision. I now have the pleasure to give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Jayaratnam, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of Singapore, to present additional information on the review. Excellency, you have the floor.


Singapore · Ambassador, Permanent Representative · Mr. Jayaratnam [57:19]:

Mr. President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have the honour to present to the Human Rights Council Singapore's response to the 342 recommendations received at our fourth Universal Periodic Review, which took place on 12th of May. We would like to convey our deepest appreciation to the Secretariat and our Troika for their invaluable support throughout the course of this review. We are also gratified by the depth of participation and engagement at our review. Mr. President, Singapore is a strong supporter of the UPR. We were part of a small group of countries that contributed to its creation. We approach the UPR as a platform for frank dialogue on human rights. It allows us to draw lessons and ideas from one another. Singapore has therefore participated actively in every UPR cycle with an open mind and a commitment to follow through on the recommendations we support. Our approach to human rights rests on a simple premise. Progress should always be measured by tangible outcomes for our people. As a small, densely populated, multiracial, multireligious city-state, we have worked hard to build a society where our people can grow, thrive and achieve their aspirations. In doing so, we have held tight to two foundational pillars that have, over time, built trust between our communities, and between the Government and our people. The first is pragmatism. Trust is built when governments deliver results. In our early years, that meant providing education, healthcare, decent jobs, and a safe living environment. Today, it means continuing to provide those things, as well as preparing for future needs, like thriving in a digital world and staying ahead of climate risk. This pragmatic, outcomes-focused approach has steadily improved the lives of our people. The second is the rule of law. Trust is reinforced when the law is applied predictably and firmly, in service of our core principles of fairness, secularism, meritocracy and multiracialism. These fundamental tenets have been deliberately incorporated in our policies. For instance, we have seen how quickly words can lead to violence when communal trust breaks down. We therefore prioritise social cohesion and we reinforce this through our racial and religious harmony laws as this is a precondition for many other rights that our people enjoy. Each country will take a different approach to advancing human rights, reflecting their particular cultural, social, economic and historical circumstances. What matters is whether these approaches deliver meaningful progress for their people. With this in mind, our National Mechanism for the Implementation, Reporting and Follow-up, NMIRF, has considered the feedback and recommendations carefully. We are pleased to support 243, or more than 70% of the recommendations received. We have supported recommendations that complement Singapore's efforts to build a more inclusive, cohesive and resilient society. Recognising that our efforts are part of an ongoing process, we thank those who have acknowledged the progress we have made. We will continue to strengthen social safety nets and enhance social resilience in areas such as education, public healthcare, support for lower-income groups, migrant worker welfare, labour rights, and digital inclusion. Mr. President, about a third of the recommendations that we have noted relate to the ratification of international human rights treaties. As explained during our review, Singapore does not regard treaty obligations as an aspirational exercise. We accede only when we are sure we can fully implement every aspect. We periodically review our position on ratifying additional treaties or on removing reservations, but we do not commit to ratifications ahead of such reviews so as not to prejudge outcomes. For many of the remaining recommendations that we have noted, Singapore is ready, has legislation and policies that address underlying objectives in ways best suited to our unique social and cultural context. For example, the Singapore Constitution guarantees equality before the law for all persons. This is reinforced by structural and community mechanisms that prevent discrimination and promote sensitive accommodation between groups that may have differing needs or deeply differing views. Mr. President, Singapore's approach to human rights has always been shaped by our diverse peoples and a pragmatic outlook. In this spirit of continuous improvement, we will continue advancing human rights in ways that improve lives, safeguard dignity, and expand the opportunities for our people. We look forward to hearing constructive comments and the observations of the distinguished members and observers of this Council at this session. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:02:40]:

Thank you. I will now open the floor to Member States and observer States for their comments on the outcome of the review. The speaking time for all is set at one minute and 30 seconds. The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Tajikistan.


Tajikistan [1:03:00]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Tajikistan welcomes and highly appreciates the successful completion of the fourth UPR cycle by Singapore, which reflects its commitment to constructive cooperation with human rights mechanisms and continuous progress in the field of human rights. We commend in particular Singapore's acceptance of the recommendations proposed by Tajikistan, especially regarding the further intensification of activities aimed at the support and empowerment of vulnerable groups, children, women, youth, migrants and others. and expanding the opportunities and resources for lifelong learning and skill mastery to enhance workforce resilience. We believe that the fulfilment of these and other recommendations accepted by Singapore will facilitate its further advancements of sustainable development goals. Therefore, we request the Council to adopt the UPR outcome report of Singapore by consensus. In conclusion, we would like to convey our best wishes to the Government and people of friendly Singapore in their future efforts to promote and protect human rights across all levels. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:04:09]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand.


Thailand [1:04:15]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Thailand warmly welcomes Singapore's active and constructive participation in the Universal Periodic Review. We commend Singapore for accepting 71% of our recommendations received. including all those proposed by Thailand, particularly those addressing gender equality, the human rights of older persons, and the protection of migrant workers. This demonstrates the spirit of constructive dialogue and cooperation that underpins the UPR process. As close neighbor and longstanding friends, Thailand looks forward to deepening our cooperation with Singapore to further promote and protect human rights and to enhance the well-being and prosperity of our peoples. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:05:06]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Timor-Leste.


Timor-Leste [1:05:11]:

Thank you, Mr. President. more or less warmly welcomes the distinguished delegation of Singapore to the adoption of UPR report and commend Singapore for its commitment to the UPR process and its constructive engagement with the UPR working group during the session in May 2026. We particularly thank Singapore for accepting the two recommendations put forward by Timor-Leste. We wish the Government of Singapore every success in implementing the accepted recommendation and respectfully request the Council adopt the UPR outcome report of Singapore. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [1:05:46]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Tunisia. Tunisia. I then give the floor to the distinguished representative of Turkey.


Türkiye [1:06:10]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

Turkey warmly welcomes the delegation of Singapore and congratulate them for successful completion of their fourth Universal Periodic Review.

We appreciate Singapore's constructive engagement with the UPR mechanism. We are particularly pleased that Singapore supported both recommendations.

Made by Turkey concerning strengthened support for children from low-income families and enhanced protection of children from harmful online content. Turkey values its friendly relations with Singapore and looks forward to further strengthening our cooperation, including in the field of human rights.

We wish our Singaporean.

Friends every success in the implementation of the accepted recommendations and recommend the adoption of their UPR outcome.

Thank you.


HRC · President [1:06:54]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Turkmenistan.


Turkmenistan [1:07:00]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

Turkmenistan welcomes the distinguished delegation of Singapore and thanks it for information provided.

On the outcome of the Universal Periodic Review. We appreciate Singapore's constructive engagement with the UPR mechanism and take positive note of the consideration given to the recommendations.

Turkmenistan welcomes Singapore's continued efforts to promote and protect human rights and advance the social development in all fields.

In conclusion, Turpinistan wishes the Government of Singapore every success in the implementation and accepted recommendations and support of the adoption of UPR outcomes.

Thank you very much.


HRC · President [1:07:41]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the UNHCR.


UNHCR [1:07:46]:

Thank you, Mr. President. UNHCR welcomes the engagement of the Government of Singapore with the UPR process and its continued commitment to promoting the rule of law and human rights. As Singapore continues to play an important role in the region, UNHCR encourages further efforts to strengthen protection for refugees, asylum seekers, and stateless persons in line with international standards. In particular, UNHCR encourages Singapore to ensure full compliance with the principle of non-refoulement and to respect the right to seek asylum at ports of entry, including at the airport. Individuals expressing a need for international protection should be provided with an opportunity to have their claims heard and assessed, including through referral to UNHCR where appropriate. UNHCR also encourages the establishment of practical operational procedures for the timely identification and referral of asylum seekers, which UNHCR stands ready to support. Such procedures would help ensure that persons in need of international protection are identified promptly and are able to access appropriate protection safeguards. UNHCR also encourages Singapore to address gaps in the legal framework that may lead to statelessness, particularly for children born in Singapore who may otherwise be stateless, including by providing them an access to a pathway to Singaporean nationality. UNHCR remains committed to supporting the Government of Singapore in advancing protection for refugees, asylum seekers, and stateless persons, and in implementing relevant UPR recommendations. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:09:07]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Arab Emirates.


United Arab Emirates [1:09:14]:

President, we welcome the delegation of Singapore. We appreciate its full cooperation with this Council and with the UPR. We thank them also for accepting the recommendation made by my country. We commend the efforts deployed by Singapore to ensure education and healthcare, as well as the focus on efforts to ensure education for women and fight against all form of violence against women. We agree with an adoption by consensus of the Singapore report, and we wish Singapore full success in the implementation thereof. Thank you. Or of the recommendations accepted. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:10:06]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uzbekistan.


Uzbekistan [1:10:11]:

Thank you, Chair.

Uzbekistan warmly welcomes the delegation of Singapore for the adoption of the.

Report of its working group on its fourth cycle of the universal periodical review. We note the active participation of 142 delegations during the review, resulting in a total of 342 recommendations.

We appreciate the constructive engagement of the delegation of Singapore throughout the process.

And welcome that 243 recommendations, including two made by Uzbekistan, have been supported. We commend Singapore for advancing inclusive development.

And strengthening its human rights framework, including through the adoption of the Workplace Fairness Act 2025.

We also welcome the progress made in strengthening social protection, promoting equal opportunities and supporting vulnerable groups, including women, children, persons with disabilities, older persons and migrant workers.

We congratulate the delegation of Singapore on the successful completion of its review, in which Singapore continued progress in its efforts to promote and protect human rights for the benefit of all.

I thank you.


HRC · President [1:11:19]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Vanuatu.


Vanuatu [1:11:25]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Vanuatu extends a very warm welcome to the delegation of Singapore to the adoption of its UBR outcomes report. Vanuatu welcomes Singapore's continued engagement with the UPR mechanism and its commitment to advancing the promotion and protection of human rights. We encourage Singapore to continue its efforts to implement the recommendations it has supported, including through strengthened national measures and continued engagement with relevant human rights mechanisms. Vanuatu commends Singapore for accepting a significant majority of the recommendations put forward by all delegations during its review, including the recommendations from Vanuatu. On this note, Vanuatu recommends the adoption of the UPR outcomes report on Singapore by consensus and wishes the Government every success in the implementation of the accepted recommendations. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:12:19]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Venezuela. Venezuela. In that case, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Vietnam.


Viet Nam [1:12:43]:

Mr. President, Vietnam warmly welcomes the delegation of Singapore for the adoption of the outcome of its fourth Universal Periodic Review. We commend Singapore's constructive engagement throughout the review, which reflects its commitment to the UPR process. We acknowledge Singapore's continued efforts to promote social inclusion, strengthen social protection, and improve the well-being of its people. We particularly welcome Singapore's acceptance of both recommendations made by Vietnam. We encourage Singapore to build on its achievements in these areas, ensuring that digital progress benefits all and that families and older persons receive the support they need to participate fully in society. Vietnam supports the adoption of Singapore's UPR outcome by consensus. We congratulate Singapore on the successful review and wish Singapore every success in implementing the accepted recommendations.

I thank you.


HRC · President [1:13:47]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Vietnam.


Viet Nam [1:13:53]:

Thank you, Mr. Chair. We welcome the output report of the UPR for friendly Singapore. We commend the professional approach and the constructive engagement and cooperation during this UPR cycle, as well as the acceptance of the recommendations that serve that social development. We appreciate their commendable achievements in the field of economic development, health care, pioneering educational initiatives, cohesion of the social fabric, rule of law, and we wish the Singaporean people and government more progress and prosperity, and we recommend the adoption of the report. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:14:40]:

Thank you. That was the last speaker that, oh no, sorry. We have two spill over. And I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zambia.


Zambia [1:14:52]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Zambia warmly welcomes the delegation of Singapore and commends its constructive engagement with the UPR mechanisms. We acknowledge Singapore's strong governance framework and significant socio-economic achievements. During the review, Zambia encouraged Singapore to continue enhancing workplace protections relating to maternity and caregiving responsibilities including flexible working arrangements, and to continue efforts to promote and protect the rights of persons with disabilities. Zambia encourages Singapore to build upon the progress achieved and to continue advancing an inclusive society in which all persons can participate fully and equally. Lastly, Zambia supports the adoption of the UPR report of Singapore. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:15:51]:

Thank you, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zimbabwe.


Zimbabwe [1:15:57]:

Mr. President, Zimbabwe welcomes the delegation of Singapore to the adoption of its UPR outcome.

We commend the openness and constructive engagement of Singapore and its positive response towards the majority of recommendations received. The constructive engagement in the UPR process demonstrates its commitment to cooperate with the human rights mechanisms. We endorse the adoption of the.

UPR outcome by consensus and convey our best wishes to Singapore for the successful implementation of the accepted recommendations.

I thank you.


HRC · President [1:16:35]:

Thank you. That was the last speaker that we could accommodate. Let me remind you that all statements, including those which could not be delivered due to time constraints, should be uploaded online. I will now give the floor to the other stakeholders to make their general comments on the outcome. The speaking time has been set at two minutes for all, and the first speaker is the representative of Equality Now for a video intervention.


Equality Now · End Female Genital Cutting Singapore and Equality Now [1:17:06]:

Mr. President, I speak on behalf of End Female Genital Cutting Singapore and Equality Now. For the first time in Singapore's Universal Periodic Review, five recommendations specifically addressed female genital mutilation or cutting. They called for stronger measures to eliminate the practice, including through legislation and policy, addressing medicalisation, awareness raising and data collection. Singapore has only noted five recommendations. At the same time, though, it supported a wide range of surrounding recommendations addressing women's rights and gender-based violence. This leaves an important gap in how FGC will be addressed in practice. FGC continues within parts of Singapore's Muslim community and is often understood as a religious or cultural practice. Community re-education is therefore essential. We call for the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore to take a stronger and clearer public position that FGC is not a religious obligation in Islam and should not be practised. Medicalisation must also be addressed. NFGC Singapore's 2020 pilot survey found that 47.3% of respondents who had undergone FGC in clinical settings reported that it was performed by doctors. We urge the Ministry of Health to issue clear guidance that FGC has no medical necessity or health benefit, and that healthcare professionals should not be performing it. We also encourage the government to work directly with affected communities, survivors, religious leaders, and healthcare professionals on sustained community education, better data collection, and support for women and girls affected by FGC. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:19:06]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development.


FORUM-ASIA [1:19:13]:

Mr. President.

Foreign Minister makes this statement together with Think Centre, we note Singapore's participation in the UPR process. Singapore noted several key recommendations related to fundamental freedoms, including freedom of expression, association and assembly, on the basis.

That enforcement of national laws demonstrates respecting these human rights. Justice in the UPR in 2021, we question this premise.

Do these laws protect people, including those with dissenting views?

Singapore declines to rectify the ICCPR and other core treaties, while claiming to largely meet those treaty objectives. Internal unilateral assurances cannot replace objective scrutiny of compliance with obligations and frameworks through institutionalized international mechanisms.

On capital punishment, claims of procedural safeguards do not dismiss the fact that.

Executions for drug offenses and mandatory death sentences contradict international standards. Fundamental freedoms are not trade-offs for economic success or social stability. Long-term well-being is safeguarded when people are protected to freely challenge policy interests and their costs, to advocate without reprisals for marginalized groups and for the natural environment. The most recent wave of prosecutions for peaceful vigils and solidarity activities undermines Singapore's promise of an enabling environment for civic participation. Inclusion means to also recognize and protect independent voices beyond official channels. Human rights must be protected without fear or favor, including for those advocating peaceful changes, even when they are not politically aligned with the government. We urge Singapore to set a timetable for ratifying core treaties, establish a moratorium on executions towards abolition, Reform laws restricting peaceful expression and assembly, and establish an independent national human rights institution consistent with the Paris Principles. Sustainable progress is not built by silencing critics, but requires deliberation with those who challenge the current definition of success and its costs. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:21:19]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Advocates for Human Rights for video intervention.


 [1:21:25]:

Mr. President, the Advocates for Human Rights, a member of the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty, thanks the 36 member states who made recommendations related to the death penalty to Singapore during the Universal Periodic Review process. Unfortunately, Singapore noted each of these recommendations. We are dismayed by Singapore's continued use of the death penalty for drug-related offenses, which do not fall under the international standard of most serious crimes. Singapore has already hanged 19 persons so far this year, all for drug-related offenses, the highest number of executions in the city-state for more than 20 years. We urge Singapore to implement an immediate moratorium on the use of the death penalty and to end its use of capital punishment for drug-related offenses. On top of this alarming rate of executions, Singapore continues to suppress fundamental rights to freedom of assembly and expression, including against human rights defenders advocating for the abolition of the death penalty and an end to genocide. The authorities routinely open investigations into peaceful, nonviolent activities such as gatherings outside the prison complex or collective expressions of solidarity such as flying kites to honor children in Gaza or posing for a group photo outside the state courts. In recent months, multiple individuals have been charged under overly expansive and repressive laws such as Public Order Act. for these activities that pose no threat to public safety in any way. Peaceful expressions of collective grief and solidarity should never be criminalized. Singapore must immediately end its practice of investigating and prosecuting citizens for peaceful assemblies. We urge the authorities to drop the charges against activists and organizers like Jolovan Wham and others, and to repeal or significantly amend laws like the Public Order Act to respect the fundamental right to freedom of assembly and expression. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:23:25]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Alliance Defending Freedom.


ADF International [1:23:31]:

Mr. President, We regret the Government of Singapore's rejection of numerous recommendations calling for the full guarantee of the rights to freedom of expression, assembly and religion or belief, including through the reform of relevant laws. The existence of a narrow range of permissible limitations to these rights does not remove the State's responsibility to fully guarantee them. We are concerned that restrictions relying on subjective or vague criteria, such as criminalizing offense or the wounding of feelings, do not reflect the principles of legality, necessity, and proportionality. Provisions such as those found in the Penal Code, the Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act, and the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act are often framed in terms of public order or safety.

However, this language generates a chilling effect that undermines the genuine.

Dialogue that Singapore's own vision of a pluralistic and rights-respecting society depends on. Beyond this, we remain concerned by the impact of burdensome registration requirements under the Societies Act on the peaceful practice.

Of religious communities.

This warrants an urgent review to ensure its alignment with both constitutional and international protections for freedom of religion, assembly, and association. Mr. President, preserving interfaith harmony can only be achieved on a foundation of universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, consistent with Singapore's obligations under the UN Charter. Given Singapore's richly diverse society, ADF International encourages the Government to lead by example in respecting, protecting and promoting the rights of persons belonging to minorities, including their right to peacefully.

Practice and express their faith and participate in a free and open marketplace of ideas. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:25:15]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the International Federation for Human Rights League.


FIDH [1:25:22]:

Mr. President, we are once again disappointed that the Singaporean government missed an opportunity to address international concerns over the human rights situation in the country and to accept important UPR recommendations. The government has reiterated its incorrect claim that Singapore's outcomes are largely consistent with the objectives of international human rights treaties. In fact, the government cherry-picks only the parts of human rights treaties that fit its own political agenda, while leaving out the parts that are inconvenient. For example, when it comes to the death penalty, the government has repeated its claim that in Singapore, capital punishment is reserved only for the most serious crimes. However, the inclusion of drug trafficking among such crimes is inconsistent with the authoritative interpretation of international human rights law, according to which, while drug trafficking may be a serious crime, it is not one of the most serious crimes. The government has stated that it imposes the death penalty with a heavy heart. It's hard to reconcile these words with the reality in Singapore, where, since 2025, 36 individuals have been executed, the highest documented number in Southeast Asia over this period. This year alone, 19 have been executed, the highest annual number in more than two decades. When it comes to the right to freedom of peaceful assembly, the government again referred to international human rights law. It said that those who exercise this right should respect the rights of others, omitting the fact that permissible restrictions to this right under international human rights law must be necessary and proportional. This is not the case in Singapore, where peaceful protesters, including human rights defenders, face unnecessary and disproportionate restrictions, including criminal penalties. Just over the past few weeks, 11 people have been charged under the Repressive Public Order Act for participating in small, symbolic, peaceful gatherings. We call on the government to immediately end the use of the death penalty, bring Singapore's legal framework into line with international human rights standards, and ratify all core international human rights treaties. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:27:07]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of CIVICUS.


CIVICUS [1:27:17]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Civicus and Forum Asia welcome Singapore's engagement in the UPR process. In this cycle, we know that Singapore received 19 recommendations on civic space. We regret that the government failed to support 12 of the recommendations related to civic space, including to repeal restrictive laws, ensuring an enabling environment for civil society and human rights defenders, and strengthen the protection of the freedoms of expression, assembly, and association. In recent years, our organizations have documented the use of restrictive laws to target and silence activists, critics, journalists, and opposition politicians for their online expression, as well as to harass and criminalize peaceful protesters. Just this month, 11 activists faced baseless charges for conducting peaceful protests. Mr. President, we urge the Government of Singapore to uphold its international obligations and to take concrete steps to implement the UPR recommendations by ratifying the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and to establish a national human rights institution. The Government must also repeal the 2019 Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act, used to silence online expression, and the 2009 Public Order Act, used to criminalize the right to peaceful assembly. also ensure that human rights defenders are able to carry out their legitimate activities without fear or undue hindrance, obstruction, or legal and administrative harassment, and to drop all cases against them. We thank you.


HRC · President [1:28:50]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Human Rights Watch.


HRW [1:28:55]:

Human Rights Watch regrets that Singapore did not support any recommendations regarding its use of capital punishment. Its repressive laws on the rights to freedom of expression and assembly, or its exclusion of migrant workers from its employment act. We welcome the many recommendations calling on Singapore to establish a moratorium on executions with a view to abolishing the death penalty. To date, Singapore has executed 19 people this year, all on drug trafficking charges which carry a mandatory death penalty. Drug offenses do not meet the most serious crimes threshold under international law, and legal proceedings under the Misuse of Drugs Act failed to meet due process guarantees required in capital trials. Singapore did not support recommendations to protect freedom of expression and assembly, insisting its rules are applied equally and consistently. In practice, overbroad laws are frequently used to prosecute peaceful protesters and critics of the government. Most recently, people organized candlelight vigils outside Changi Prison for those facing imminent execution. The Public Order Act requires a permit for even an assembly of one person, and the Protection from Online Falsehood and Manipulation Act gives the government discretionary powers to issue correction directions to online content that it claims contains falsehoods. In its written response, Singapore acknowledged that migrant domestic workers require additional protection, yet it rejected recommendations to strengthen protection for migrant workers, citing separate tailored legislation. Under the Employment of Foreign Manpower Act, migrant workers have no limits on daily working hours, and their visas are tied to their employers, who may unilaterally cancel contracts and repatriate them. We urge Singapore to reconsider its position, establish an immediate moratorium on executions, repeal or amend laws that criminalise peaceful expression and assembly, and extend the Employment Act's protection to all workers. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:30:41]:

Thank you, and I now give the floor to the representative of Singapore Council of Women's Organisations for video intervention.


SCWO [1:30:50]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I represent the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations, SCWO, the national coordinating council of more than 60 women's organisations in Singapore. SCWO recognises the progress made in advancing women's rights and welcomes the Government's continued engagement with the civil society. Since the last UPR, Singapore has strengthened its policy and legislative framework, including the 2022 White Paper on Singapore Women's Development, Workplace Fairness Legislation, and stronger protections against domestic violence. As we move from policy to implementation, we wish to highlight three areas where continued action is needed. First, women in the workplace. The Workplace Fairness Act is an important step towards strengthening protection against workplace discrimination. STWO is establishing a workplace counselling and support service for affected employees through the reporting, resolution and recovery process. We encourage continued efforts to ensure women have access to effective remedies, support and practical pathways to return to work after extended career breaks. Second, domestic violence. Singapore has strengthened legal protections through the amendments to the Women's Charter, yet women still face barriers in seeking help and navigating support systems. SCWO is studying the domestic violence journey and through Project GROW, bringing agencies together to take a whole family approach while prioritising survivors' safety. Third, caregiving continues to affect women's employment and financial security. SCWO is examining caregivers' experiences and gaps in the existing assistance to identify ways to strengthen accessible and sustainable support. Across these areas, SCWO calls for continued collaboration between the government and the civil society to ensure that the policies reflect women's lived experiences and translate into effective support. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:32:46]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Rajasthan Samaj Kalyan Sansthan. Video intervention.


 [1:32:52]:

Thank you, Mr. President. The Universal Periodic Review reminds us that human rights progress is the strongest when it is built through dialogues, responsibilities, and mutual respect. The principle at the heart of the United Nations Charter. We welcome Singapore's constructive engagement with the fourth UPR and its continued effort to build an inclusive, cohesive, and religious society. Recent measures to strengthen workplace fairness, social protection, digital inclusion, access to justice, support for women and children, and the welfare of migrant workers demonstrate a practical commitment to improving people's lives. Mr. President, progress should never be regarded as complete. We encourage Singapore to continue translating UPR recommendations into measurable national action, with particular attention to vulnerable groups, equal opportunities, accessible healthcare and meaningful engagement with civil society. We also increase the sharing of Singapore effective practices in social cohesion, education and public service with other states. The UPR succeed when recommendation become partnership, partnership become action and action reaches every person with dignity. We wish Singapore continue progress in this important human right journey. We thank you, may all live happily.


HRC · President [1:34:14]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the Center for Global Nonkilling.


CGNK [1:34:20]:

Dear human beings, hello again. Mr. President, dear living populations of Singapore, dear authorities of Singapore, including the highest, dear delegation, everyone, everywhere, greetings of life and human rights. Though all human rights are of equal importance, the Human Rights Committee has stated in General Comment 36, quote, The right to life is a supreme right from which no derogation is permitted. We add also that without life, all the other human rights are cancelled. For the UPR process, no State has recommended to Singapore the withdrawal of its reservation to the Genocide Convention. We do. It is a measure of peaceful settlement of disputes and of reciprocity. Open participation to the Convention is also a commitment to the celebration of life beyond and within all social groups. How should I plea for life in order to be heard? Modernity, Singapore has plenty of it and many beautiful bridges. Human feelings, the deepest loving appreciation for all human beings and for universal humanity, we all capable of it. Compassion, the capacity to prevent before requiring repression, the possibility and help to overcome our worst attitudes and behaviors, here again, we all capable of making ourselves better humans and to learn by and forth good living together, peaceful relations with our fellow humans. Universality, Singapore is an influence member of the human community, and we are looking forward for its best participation. Please, dear authorities of Singapore, spare me the needs to object, as my conscience would not allow me to do anything contrary to the pursuance of universal and individual life. May we all prosper peacefully. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [1:36:11]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of SPD for video intervention.


SPD [1:36:15]:

Mr. President, we welcome Singapore's active engagement in its fourth UPR cycle and the progress made since 2021. Under the Enabling Masterplan 2030, Government agencies and NGOs have broadened support for persons with disabilities across life cycles. The Workplace Fairness Act is a monumental step towards structural non-discrimination. Enabling Services Hubs, operated by NGOs and substantially government-funded, provide support to persons with disabilities and their caregivers within the neighborhood. The Enabled Living Program, another government-NGO collaboration, explores new community living models for those requiring ongoing care. Accessibility continues to improve, through the revised Code on Accessibility in the Built Environment and expanded barrier-free access mapping. We further welcome Singapore's decision to lift its reservation to Article 25 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, strengthening protection against discrimination in access to health and life insurance. Yet, significant gaps remain. Although employment rates have risen, workplace support often ends in one year. We urge the government to ensure support remains available for as long as needed to enable sustainable employment and meaningful career progression. Further action is needed so persons with disabilities can learn, work, live independently, participate fully and contribute to society. We call on the Singapore government to strengthen consultation and collaboration with NGOs and fully implement all accepted disability-related recommendations. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:38:20]:

Thank you. That was the last speaker on my list. Before giving the floor to the delegation of Singapore for concluding remarks, allow me to inform that out of 342 recommendations received, 243 enjoy the support of Singapore and 99 are noted. And I now give the floor to His Excellency Ambassador Jayaratnam for concluding remarks. You have the floor, Excellency.


Singapore · Ambassador, Permanent Representative · Mr. Jayaratnam [1:38:48]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I am grateful to all Member States and civil society representatives for your contributions Dialogue of this kind is what makes this process useful. We have taken careful note of all the views and suggestions. We will reflect on what works best in Singapore's context. We note that several of the issues raised, including on capital punishment, the issue of freedom of expression and assembly, and perceived effects of legislation such as protection from the Online Falsehood and Manipulation Act of MA on legitimate speech have already been comprehensively addressed in our national report and at our review in May. Mr. President, to conclude, Singapore's commitment to human rights is not abstract. It is expressed in the life of a child from a low-income family who grows up with opportunities to excel and a realistic hope for a better future. It is expressed in the worker whose rights are protected, an older person who is not left behind, and a community that lives safely. are heartened that these efforts have been recognized internationally. Singapore ranked 13th globally in the UN's 2025 Human Development Index, second for the absence of corruption, 16th overall in the 2025 World Justice Project Rule of Law Index, and eighth for gender equality in the 2025 UN Gender Inequality Index. In the latest 2026 Edelman Trust Barometer results, 76% of those surveyed expressed trust in the Singapore Government, well above the 53% global average. But we care more about the lived realities of our people than about rankings. And the work is never finished. Every generation inherits a Singapore based on choices made by those before them. The way we care for one another, uphold the rule of law and protect the dignity of each person, these are not just policy commitments. These are the foundations of the future that we are building. Mr President, Singapore's fourth UPR has been productive. We now turn to implementing the recommendations that we have supported and continuing the work of improving the lives and human rights for all Singaporeans. I thank you all for your participation in our UPR. Thank you very much.


HRC · President [1:41:27]:

I thank His Excellency Ambassador Jayaratnam for his presentation and constructive participation of Singapore throughout the UPR process. And I propose that the Council adopt the decision on the outcome of the Universal Periodic Review of Singapore as it appears on screen. I take it that everybody is agreeable to this, and the decision is therefore adopted. We will briefly suspend the meeting before the consideration of the outcome of Nicaragua. Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, we will now proceed with the consideration of the outcome of Nicaragua, which was reviewed at the 47th session of the UPR Working Group in November 2024. I note, however, that the delegation of Nicaragua is not present in the room. Allow me to recall that the consideration of the outcome of the UPR of Nicaragua was originally scheduled to take place during the 58th session of the Human Rights Council in March 2025. Further to Nicaragua's disengagement from the Council and its subsequent absence at the time of the scheduled consideration of its UPR outcome, the Council decided at its 58th session to inter alia postponed the consideration and adoption of the outcome of the UPR of Nicaragua to its 60th session. Following Nicaragua's absence at the 60th session and lack of cooperation with the UPR mechanism, the Council adopted decision 60/115 entitled "Non-cooperation of a State under review with the Universal Periodic Review mechanism". which decided in the area to postpone the consideration of the UPR outcome of Nicaragua to the 63rd session, current session, while leaving open the possibility for it to be scheduled sooner. On September 3, the Bureau agreed that should Nicaragua not resume cooperation with the UPR mechanism by the time of the scheduled consideration of its UPR outcome, A draft written decision regarding the continued non-cooperation of the State under review would be distributed to delegations. And informal consultations would be organized to discuss the text. This draft decision would be submitted to the Council for consideration at the end of the session. Allow me to underscore that it will not be necessary for the Council to adopt such a decision if Nicaragua were to complete its UPR before the end of the 63rd session. So that is a brief outline on on the Nicaragua UPR process. I I kindly ask you to take note of the process of the past and how we are going to proceed. And now we turn to the general debate under agenda item 6. Let me remind you that requests for right of reply will be accommodated exclusively at the end of the general debate. I would also remind all speakers to comply to the allocated speaking time, which is 1 minute and a half for all. As is the practice, full statements can be uploaded on the extranet. The list of speakers will close in 15 minutes. And we will start with the list of members of the Council. And I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan on behalf of the OIC.


Pakistan · OIC [1:49:18]:

Thank you very much, Mr. President. The OIC values the Universal Periodic Review as a state-driven and peer review mechanism of the Human Rights Council. During the four UPR cycles, constructive dialogue, universal participation and high-level engagement have enabled States to undertake effective legislative, policy and administrative measures for advancing human rights agenda. The preparation of national reports, contributions from civil society and sharing of national achievements and best practices, as well as constructive feedback, have contributed significantly to the effectiveness of this process. Mr. President, As the fifth UPR cycle commences early next year, it is important to preserve the unique character and salience of this mechanism. The process must remain firmly grounded in the principles of universality, impartiality, transparency, equal treatment, and its voluntary and peer review nature as enshrined in the institution building package. The OIC believes that the spirit of constructive engagement should continue to guide the future work of the UPR mechanism. We also appreciate that the two UPR voluntary funds continue to contribute to technical cooperation and capacity building of member states. We take this opportunity to commend the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights for its continued support and role in smooth and efficient conduct of proceedings of the UPR process. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:50:43]:

Thank you. I give the floor to a distinguished representative of the European Union on behalf of a group of countries.


EU · EU [1:50:49]:

Mr. President, I have the honor to speak on behalf of the EU. Albania, Armenia, Georgia, Liechtenstein, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, UK, and Ukraine align themselves with this statement. The EU reaffirms its unwavering support for the UPR, a unique tool for promoting and protecting human rights globally. As the fifth cycle of the UPR approaches, we recall that its strength remains rooted in its universality, equal treatment of States and inclusive participation. We call on all States to engage fully with the process, make specific and action-oriented recommendations and meaningfully implement accepted recommendations. In this regard, national mechanisms for implementation, reporting and follow-up can be useful. Civil society organizations, human rights defenders, journalists and national human rights institutions provide essential expertise that strengthens national reporting and supports implementation. Their safe and meaningful participation must be ensured and be free from intimidation, harassment or reprisals. As the international human rights system faces growing challenges, we must continue to safeguard the UPR as a credible, inclusive and effective mechanism that enjoys the participation of all States. Thank you.


HRC · President [1:52:23]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Venezuela on behalf of a group of countries.


Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) · Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations [1:52:29]:

Gracias. Thank you, President. We deliver this statement on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations. Resolution 62/251 of the UN, of the UPR, rather created, or rather established the UPR, designed to foster, support, and expand the promotion and protection of human rights in all countries. The basis of this review is to provide objective and reliable information on the fulfillment by states of their human rights obligations and commitments. It is a universal exercise in which all States are treated equally. Resolution 5/1 establishes that the review shall be based on the principles set forth in the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, human rights instruments to which a State is party. In this regard, the Group of Friends rejects any initiative undertaken by a State or group of States to politicize the UPR through unfounded statements or accusations. The Council must move from selective and politicized mechanisms that undermine its credibility, while the Office of the High Commissioner should strengthen technical assistance, cooperation, and support to States at their request and with their consent. Finally, the Group of Friends will continue working to promote the UPR as the voluntary mechanism par excellence in which states have the opportunity to cooperate and formulate recommendations in favor of the promotion, protection, and enjoyment of human rights. Thank you kindly.


HRC · President [1:54:06]:

Thank you. I give the floor to a distinguished representative of Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned.


Uganda · NAM [1:54:13]:

Mr. President, I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. NAM reiterates the need to preserve the Universal Periodic Review as the only international mechanism of intergovernmental cooperation to examine human rights issues at national level in all UN Member States on equal footing. The UPR should be a result-oriented cooperation mechanism based on an interactive dialogue with full participation of the country under review and considering its capacity-building needs, while ensuring non-selectivity and non-politicization in the consideration of human rights issues. The UPR should aim at strengthening capacity of Member States, upon their request and consent, to implement their respective obligations on the promotion and protection of human rights. The NAM underlines the importance of the UPR to rely on reliable information, taking due account of information, comments and observations provided by a country under review. The UPR should not be used as a tool to interfere in the internal affairs of states or to question their political, economic and social systems, their sovereign rights and their national, religious and cultural peculiarities. Finally, NAM reaffirms the need to preserve the mechanism of UPR and prevent it from misuse and manipulation in this polarized environment we continue to work in. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:55:46]:

Thank you. I give the floor to a distinguished representative of Slovenia.


Slovenia · Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Slovenia [1:55:51]:

Mr. President, I have the honor to speak on behalf of Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, and my own country, Slovenia. The UPR marks its 20th anniversary as the fourth cycle draws to a close. The UPR remains one of the most effective and widely supported mechanisms of the international human rights system, thanks to its universality, cooperative character, and equal treatment of all states. At the time of the serious liquidity constraints in the UN, we recall that these essential foundations must be preserved. Efforts to enhance efficiency should strengthen, not diminish, the mechanism. Looking ahead of the fifth cycle, effective implementation of accepted recommendations should be at the centre of priority. Implementation requires allocation of adequate resources, operational capacity, sustained political will and stronger action by States to translate recommendations into national practice and engage all relevant stakeholders. National mechanisms for implementation, reporting, and follow-up deserve particular attention. Their continuity, capacity, and coordination are essential to effective follow-up. The credibility of the UPR also depends on the safety of all participants. Reprisals against civil society, national human rights institutions, and other stakeholders cooperating with the mechanisms are unacceptable. Mr. President, we remain fully engaged as we prepare for the fifth cycle. Thank you very much.


HRC · President [1:57:22]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of India.


India · like-minded group of countries [1:57:27]:

Mr. President. My delegation has the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of a like-minded group of countries. The list will be available on the HRC portal. Our countries firmly believe that the UPR has been the most successful mechanism of the HRC for the promotion and production of all human rights, including the right to development. Its uniqueness stems from its peer-to-peer character. Successive cycles have enabled the sharing of good practices, national expertise, improved mutual understanding, and the human rights situation on the ground, and strengthened national institutions and legislation. As we approach the conclusion of the fourth cycle, the modalities of the review should remain in line with the principles of HRC resolution 5/1. The UPR must remain a member-driven, action-oriented and intergovernmental process, conducted in objective, transparent, non-selective, constructive, non-confrontational and non-politicized manner. Above all, it is a universal process and must remain so. Each state has the exclusive right to determine how it implements accepted recommendations according to its national circumstances. We recognize OHCHR's technical assistance and capacity building for implementation when requested by states and in consultations with them. We renew our commitment to the UPR as an effective, efficient, and valid mechanism for meaningful dialogue and constructive cooperation with the goal of improving all human rights, including the right to development. I thank you.


HRC · President [1:58:52]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya on behalf of the African Group.


Kenya · Africa Group [1:58:57]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the African Group. The African Group reaffirms its support for the UPR as a universal, cooperative, and non-confrontational mechanism founded on dialogue, mutual respect, and equal treatment of all States. It provides a vital platform to share progress, good practices, and challenges in advancing human rights. The group welcomes the adoption of the UPR outcomes of Namibia, Niger, Mozambique, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, and Somalia. We commend their constructive engagement and wish them success in implementing accepted recommendations. Mr. President, the group recalls the complementarity between the UPR and African regional mechanisms, including the African Peer Review Mechanism and the African Governance Architecture. these frameworks strengthen national efforts to advance democracy, good governance, human rights, and sustainable development across the continent. In this regard, the true value of the UPR lies in translating accepted recommendations into concrete improvements in people's lives. This requires national ownership supported by international cooperation, technical assistance, and capacity building, particularly for least developed countries, small island developing states, and countries emerging from conflict. Finally, the Africa Group encourages all states to to remain engaged with the UPR and work towards the effective implementation of accepted recommendations. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:00:23]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Iraq.


Iraq [2:00:30]:

President, thank you. My delegation reaffirms the central role of the UPR. including in the promotion and protection of human rights in all countries of the world. Indeed, the States can meet their obligations in human rights. They can evaluate progress made in this area. They can also, within the UPR, exchange best practices. It is for this reason that it is necessary that the UPR continue its work. based on an interactive dialogue with the states concerned, and this in an objective and neutral manner. In the future, the UPR should be characterized by positive cooperation. The recommendations made to countries should respect objectivity and cultural and religious specificities of each country, and each country should bear in mind the challenges and progress possible. In conclusion, we reaffirm the importance of the UPR. We will remain committed to continuing our efforts to implement the recommendations accepted based on our circumstances in order to strengthen the protection of human rights. We remain convinced that the UPR is an extremely important mechanism and that we must cooperate with the mechanism. I thank you kindly.


HRC · President [2:02:02]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ecuador.


Ecuador [2:02:09]:

President, Ecuador maintains its ongoing commitment to a respect, protection, and promotion of human rights. They are not abstract nor a mere legal obligation. They are the cross-cutting axis of our charter and our constitution, rather, and our normative framework is based on it and our efforts to bring about public policy and the basis of a fair, inclusive, and equitable society. The UPR is one of the most valuable mechanisms of the international human rights system. It is based on universality, cooperation, objectivity, and non-selectivity. It offers a key platform for transparent dialogue and mutual learning between and among states. Our support for this valuable universal mechanism is reflected in the active participation of Ecuador in all UPR cycles since 2008, as we are convinced that peer evaluation is a fundamental tool for honing in the State's action and closing the gaps that still exist in the full enjoyment of human rights. As a member of this Council for 2026-2028 and looking toward the fifth cycle in 2027, Ecuador reiterates its full willingness to continue to contribute to the strengthening of the UPR. This includes the creation and implementation of recommendations and the fostering of participation by civil society. Thank you kindly.


HRC · President [2:03:33]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand.


Thailand [2:03:38]:

Mr. President, Thailand views the UPR not only as an engagement at the international level, but also as an important opportunity for dialogue at home among government agencies, civil society, national institutions and other stakeholders. As Thailand prepares for our fourth cycle review this November, we have attached particular importance to an inclusive, participatory and transparent process in preparing our national report. For us, the UPR is not simply a reporting exercise, but a process that can contribute to concrete progress on the ground. Mr. President, as we approach the fifth cycle, it is timely to reflect on how the UPR can further be strengthened. For Thailand, great attention should be given to implementation and follow-up. Recommendations should not end with their adoption. We should consider how the next cycle can better support States in translating accepted recommendations into concrete action, including through technical cooperation and capacity building. At the same time, we must safeguard the universality of the UPR. The participation of all States remains fundamental to the credibility and effectiveness of the mechanism. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:05:00]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Spain.


Spain [2:05:05]:

Thank you very much, President. Spain joins the EU in its statement, and we appreciate the presentations made and the adoption of the final reports for the countries in question. We defend the importance of the UPR, the global dialogue effort that is also for mutual cyclical and progressive oversight. This has brought significant progress in human rights. It also personifies the positive aspects of multilateralism. Our country underwent the UPR in April of 2025. We received 324 recommendations. We accepted 93.5% of them. Our commitment is to continue to comply with the recommendations and respect international human rights law. In the fifth cycle, we would like to continue to see progress made in implementation and use of technology and systematizing and evaluating the compliance of the recommendations, as well as increased participation of all stakeholders, including civil society, the ombudsperson's offices, parliaments, and regional and local institutions. We do not share the focuses or foci of those that see this as a means of skirting the obligations of human rights obligations. It is essential that we keep the universal nature of this review and that all States fully participate. Spain takes the UPR very seriously, and we wish that the entirety of the international community were to do the same. Thank you very much.


HRC · President [2:06:38]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of North Macedonia.


North Macedonia [2:06:44]:

Thank you, Mr. President. North Macedonia aligns itself with the statement of the EU. In our national capacity, we would like to add the following. We attach great importance to the UPR process. As we reflect on its achievement over the past 20 years, the UPR has evolved into one of the most recognized mechanisms of the Human Rights Council. In the preparation for the fifth review cycle, we believe there is a scope to further strengthen its effectiveness. As we look ahead, we should move from a culture of making recommendations to a culture of implementation and follow-up. The credibility of the UPR depends on translating recommendations into tangible progress on the ground. Also, a stronger and more systematic gender perspective should be integrated throughout the entire UPR cycle in addressing the persistent discrimination against women, attack against women human rights defenders, and conflict-related sexual violence. As civic space continues to shrink, civil society and human rights defenders must be able to participate safely and meaningfully at every stage of the process. Their participation strengthens inclusiveness and national ownership. Finally, We should consider the opportunities and challenges posed by digital technologies and AI, including their potential impact on the civic space, independent voices and meaningful participation. North Macedonia shares the views that the implementation must remain at the heart of the UPR. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:08:06]:

Okay, thank you. And now I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Egypt. But let me tell you that the list of speakers is closed after 15 minutes. Egypt, you have the floor, please.


Egypt [2:08:20]:

Shukran, Seydou Rais.

Thank you, President. We reaffirm the important role of the UPR in the promotion of human rights on equal footing throughout the world. The UPR is an international tribune in which countries are again, on equal footing, and they can share their experiences and take stock of the human rights situations in their countries. This UPR is part and parcel of the protection of human rights. This is an internationally recognized instrument, and we support the UPR fully. The proof of this is the participation of Egypt in January 2025 in its own UPR process. We fully respected our international obligations in doing so, and we are working based on the recommendations accepted, seeking to implement them on the ground as we move toward the fifth UPR cycle. We should like to reaffirm our shared responsibility to bolster the UPR. and to cooperate in neutrality to reach a dialogue that is constructive for all.


HRC · President [2:09:47]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ethiopia.


Ethiopia [2:09:54]:

Mr. President, Ethiopia reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the UPR as a constructive, cooperative and inclusive mechanism for advancing the promotion and protection of human rights in all countries. The principles of universality, equal treatment and non-selectivity are essential to the credibility and effectiveness of the UPR. The UPR provides a valuable platform for States to exchange experiences, share good practices and strengthen national human rights efforts. As the fourth cycle of the UPR draws to a close and the fifth cycle approaches, it hope encourages all States to engage actively, constructively and in good faith in the process with a view to promoting mutual learning, meaningful dialogue and practical cooperation. We underscore the importance of ensuring that recommendations are based on objective and reliable information and are constructive, achievable and mindful of national contexts and circumstances. ETOPE accepted a significant number of recommendations during its fourth cycle UPR and has undertaken concrete measures toward their implementation, reaffirming its continued commitment to the process. In closing, Ethiopia appreciates the important contribution of the UPR Voluntary Fund and expresses its appreciation to OHCHR for its continued support in facilitating effective participation by States. I thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:11:27]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Gambia.


Gambia [2:11:33]:

the final stages of the fourth cycle of the UPR, this is an important moment to reflect not only on the universality of the mechanism, but also on the quality of its implementation. The UPR remains one of the Council's most valuable mechanisms because every Member State, no matter the size, is reviewed on an equal basis through a state-led and peer review process. Its credibility, however, ultimately depends on whether recommendations lead to tangible improvements at national level. The Gambia underwent its fourth cycle review in January 2025. We received 309 recommendations from 112 states, of which 273 were accepted. Since then, our focus has increasingly shifted from the review itself to implementation, including through efforts to strengthen coordination, monitoring and follow-up across government institutions. As the Council prepares to move into the fifth cycle, greater attention should therefore be given to supporting States in implementing accepted recommendations, strengthening national reporting and follow-up mechanisms, and ensuring that technical assistance is responsive to identified national needs. The fifth cycle should build on the achievements of the UPR while remaining faithful to its principles of universality, equal treatment, constructive dialogue and cooperation. We thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:12:50]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of India.


India [2:12:55]:

Thank you, Mr. President. India considers the UPR as the Human Rights Council's most essential mechanism for the promotion and protection of human rights worldwide. Through its peer review model, it has delivered tangible outcomes, strengthening national frameworks and institutions and fostering constructive cooperation through the exchange of good practices. Its value rests on universal participation and on due regard for the distinct social, political and economic circumstances of each State. We firmly support preserving its existing modalities and procedures. As we approach the conclusion of fourth cycle, we emphasize that the UPR must remain a state-led, impartial, and non-politicized process. Reviews should reflect a balanced view of all human rights dimensions. Implementation hurdles often arise not from lack of will, but from limited resources and capacity. In such cases, targeted technical support provided with consent of the concerned state can be transformative. India has consistently supported and will continue contributing to Voluntary Fund for Financial and Technical Assistance supporting UPR implementation. We call for greater focus on implementation of recommendations accepted by states under review so that the UPR continues to serve as practical and effective means of advancing human rights globally. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:14:20]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia.


Indonesia [2:14:24]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Indonesia remains fully committed to the UPR, which we all have recognized as one of the Council's most successful mechanisms.

But as its fundamental principle of universality is being tested, we must not allow the UPR to regress into selectivity,

or we will return to a system we collectively agreed to discard.

For us, universality has to entail an obligation for all.

Otherwise, the UPR will be difficult to function both internationally and nationally. With the fifth cycle approaching, strengthening the UPR and addressing challenges to its universality have never been more pressing. Upr recommendations must be contextualized to the different national realities and capacities of states to ensure their implementation delivers real impact on the ground. In this regard, we fully support

the work of the newly appointed UPR co-facilitators in preparing the next cycle and strengthening this mechanism.

Our efforts must be substantive rather than confined to technicalities. UPR can only fulfill its purpose when every state participates and all move forward together without exception. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:15:42]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of China.


China [2:15:47]:

President, China congratulates relevant countries on the adoption of the UPR reports in this session of the Council. UPR is a vital mechanism of this Council. Its operation must be driven by member states and strictly observe the principles of objectivity, transparency, non-selectivity, constructive dialogue, non-confrontation, and non-politicization. China always attaches high importance to the UPR and views it as a valuable platform to conduct dialogue. Regrettably, certain country withdraws from the country and refuses to participate in the review on its own human rights situation. This severely undermines the UPR mechanism and seriously impede the development of the global human rights course. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the concert. China calls upon all parties to jointly preserve the UPR as a mechanism for dialogue and cooperation. China has consistently contributed to the voluntary fund of the UPR and will continue to provide the support. China will actively participate in the improvement of the global human rights governance and will work with all to build a better future for the global human rights course. I thank you, President.


HRC · President [2:17:02]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan.


Pakistan [2:17:08]:

Mr. President. Pakistan attaches great importance to the Universal Periodic Review as a universal, state-driven, and cooperative mechanism of the Human Rights Council. Pakistan's membership of the Friends of UPR group, as well as our contribution to the UPR-related activities and the voluntary funds, demonstrate our continued support and engagement with UPR. We believe that the true success of this mechanism lies in upholding the principles of non-politicization, impartiality, and mutual respect, thereby strengthening national capacities in accordance with domestic constitutional frameworks. Mr. President, Pakistan underwent its fourth UPR in January 2023. We supported a majority of the recommendations received and remained actively engaged in their implementation. As the fifth UPR cycle commences next year, its unique and constructive character must be preserved. The process should remain firmly grounded in the principle of universality, impartiality, objectivity, non-selectivity, constructive dialogue and equal treatment. The effectiveness of the UPR ultimately rests on implementation. Due attention should therefore be devoted to technical cooperation and capacity building, particularly for developing countries, based on their identified needs and priorities. Pakistan will continue to engage constructively with the UPR and contribute towards strengthening its credibility, effectiveness and universality. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:18:40]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba.


Cuba [2:18:46]:

Thank you very much, President. The UPR constitutes the sole universal human rights mechanism, one that is non-discriminatory, that allows us to tackle performance in the field of human rights in all countries on an equal footing and based on mutual respect, constructive dialogue and cooperation. In a context of growing hostility, politicisation and manipulation of the noble cause of human rights for geostrategic ends, the UPR shows that no nation is exempt from challenges or has the authority to establish itself as a paradigm of human rights. The mechanism also highlights that there cannot be single models, and it offers enough space for states to be able to share experiences and learn from each other. via authentic, constructive dialogue. The benefit of that mechanism is therefore undeniable. We advocate that, in the midst of the current liquidity crisis, we should allocate sufficient financial resources to the UPR. Cuba will continue to implement recommendations expected during its fourth cycle, and it protects the importance of the UPR in order to achieve genuine impact on human rights around the world. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:20:11]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya.


Kenya [2:20:16]:

Mr. President, Kenya aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Africa Group. We attach great importance to the UPR as a mechanism that enables States to periodically assess progress, identify remaining gaps, and renew their human rights commitments. Having undergone our fourth cycle review in 2025, we are now focusing on translating accepted recommendations into national action. Our experience has reinforced the importance of integrating UPR implementation into existing national policies and development frameworks, rather than approaching it as a standalone process. Kenya underscores the importance of sustained implementation and follow-up between review cycles. Accepted recommendations should inform national action with progress regularly assessed and areas requiring further attention identified. We further emphasize the importance of meaningful participation in the UPR process, engagement with national institutions and relevant stakeholders to strengthen implementation and help ensure that progress made through the review process is sustained at national level. Kenya remains committed to implementing its recommendations and looks forward to the upcoming fifth UPR cycle. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:21:31]:

Thank you. That was the last speaker on my list from among the member states. And we will now proceed with the list of observer states. And I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Armenia.


Armenia [2:21:45]:

Armenia attaches great importance to the UPR process, viewing it not only as a platform for international dialogue and cooperation, but also as a meaningful tool for national introspection, institutional development, and human rights dialogue. We believe that supporting both meaningful participation in the review process and implementation on the ground will ensure that the UPR remains a mechanism that delivers tangible results while promoting accountability, transparency, and inclusive national dialogue. As a committed member of the group of friends of the UPR, Armenia supports efforts to further strengthen the effectiveness, credibility, impact, and the implementation pillar of this mechanism. Our own experience has shown that effective follow up requires not only political commitment, but also practical tools. In this regard, the establishment of a standing national mechanism for implementation, reporting and follow-up marked an important milestone in strengthening national ownership and institutional coherence. This has been further reinforced by the launch of Armenia's institutional network for monitoring and reporting, a national digital platform that helps track and coordinate the implementation of recommendations issued by the UPR, treaty bodies and special procedures. Mr. President, Armenia remains firmly committed to the Universal Periodic Review process and to ensuring that it remains not only a forum for dialogue, but also a catalyst for effective implementation and sustainable progress in the promotion and protection of human rights. I thank you.


HRC · President [2:23:09]:

Thank you, and I give the floor now to the distinguished representative of the Maldives.


Maldives [2:23:14]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

The Maldives remains a steadfast supporter of the Universal Periodic Review.

We view UPR not merely as a procedural obligation, but as a

valuable opportunity to reflect on progress, identify challenges and strengthen our collective commitment to the promotion and protection of human

rights. Having completed four review cycles, the Maldives remains firmly committed to the UPR process and has developed a whole of society approach to the assessment, monitoring and implementation of UPR recommendations. We believe the UPR is a vital mechanism that enables States to share experiences,

identify areas for improvement and strengthen national human rights frameworks, contributing to tangible progress on the ground and the effective realization of human rights for all. We are grateful for the continued cooperation and support of OHCHR and the

UPR Secretariat and look forward to further strengthening this partnership as we advance our engagement with the UPR.

I thank you.


HRC · President [2:24:24]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the Distinguished Representative of Bangladesh.


Bangladesh [2:24:29]:

Mr. President, Bangladesh attaches great importance to the Universal Periodic Review for the promotion and protection of human rights globally. We consider the UPR one of the most constructive and successful mechanisms of this Council. It is Member State-led and universal, providing a genuine and effective platform for dialogue, cooperation, and exchange, while ensuring that all States are reviewed on an equal footing. Mr. President, the cooperative and constructive character of the UPR must be preserved, And any attempt to undermine this mechanism should be avoided. Failure to do so would be a collective loss. In this regard, we underscore the need to fully respect UNGA resolution 60/251, the Council Institution Building Package, and the agreed modalities of the UPR. We should also take into account each State's national context, circumstances and sensitivities when making recommendations. EPR implementation takes place at the national level and depends on sustained national efforts, effective mechanisms and concrete domestic action. For developing countries, resource and capacity constraints remain a real challenge and impede progress in EPR implementation. Technical assistance and capacity building provided in consultation with the State concerned should therefore remain essential to the effective implementation of the UPR recommendation. Bangladesh will remain constructively engaged with the UPR in a spirit of cooperation and inclusivity. I thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:26:02]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria.


Algeria [2:26:07]:

Sayyid al-Rais.

Mr. Chair, we would like to reiterate our attachment to the UPR, because it's one of the main pillars of this Council, and it allows the assessment of human rights in all countries on an equal basis, in a transparent manner and unselective manner. The credibility of the UPR is based on respecting these principles, as well as the quality of recommendations. We commend the efforts deployed by the countries under and their openness to accept a big number of recommendations. At the same time, we reiterate that the main challenge remains the efficient implementation of the recommendations while taking into account the national specificities of the countries. In this context, it is important to promote technical cooperation and capacity building for the countries that requested And based on their request and their national priorities, it is very important to keep the UPR immune from any politicization in order to keep it as a forum of constructive engagement and serving the human rights globally. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:27:27]:

Thank you. And I give the floor now to the distinguished representative of Iran.


Iran (Islamic Republic of) [2:27:33]:

Thank you, Mr. President.

The UPR, as one of the significant breakthroughs following the establishment of the HRC, is a unique state-driven mechanism that provides for a regular, comprehensive, and equal review of the human rights records of all UN member states by reinforcing the principle of universality, equality, and non-selectivity in the promotion and protection of human rights. The UPR and its whole processes offers states an opportunity to reflect on progress made, identify remaining challenges, and receive recommendations from the peers on measures to strengthen national human rights frameworks and practices. Since its establishment, the UPR has fostered constructive dialogue, international cooperation and exchange of good practices among States and other stakeholders. So, the UPR should remain an integral and indispensable part of the work of the Human Rights Council, and its relevance and effectiveness should be further strengthened through meaningful, universal and constructive participation by all states. All countries should refrain from actions or approaches that could undermine the credibility, inclusiveness, or effectiveness of the mechanisms and instead contribute to preserving the UPR as a constructive platform for dialogue, cooperation, and advancement of human rights for all.

Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:28:51]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Venezuela.


Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) [2:28:58]:

Thank you very much. Venezuela reiterates its firm support for the UPR as the chief mechanism of this Council in promoting dialogue, cooperation and strengthening national human rights capacities. The UPR is grounded in objective, credible information, guaranteeing equal treatment for all States. Despite challenges generated by the double earthquake suffered in Venezuela in June, the Venezuelan institutions are preparing for the presentation of the report. Prior to the catastrophe, the OHCHR provided workshops on its methodologies to Venezuelan officials on this important mechanism. The fourth cycle shows that it's possible to tackle human rights situations of all states, in an objective, transparent, non-selective and non-politicised manner, respecting their national idiosyncrasies and formulating recommendations geared towards strengthening their capacities, fully respecting the sovereignty and consent of the state under review. In an international context characterised by growing geopolitical tensions, the UPR is the best expression of multilateralism and sovereign equality of states. in the international human rights system. Thank you very much.


HRC · President [2:30:21]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nigeria.


Nigeria [2:30:27]:

Mr. President, Nigeria aligns with the African Group and reaffirms its support for the UPR as a key mechanism for promoting dialogue, cooperation, and peer learning. The UPR remains a universal, transparent, and non-selective process through which states acknowledges challenges, exchange experiences, and share good practices in fulfilling their human right obligation. Nigeria particularly value its state-driven and peer review character, which encourages constructive engagement while respecting national ownership and diverse legal, social, and cultural contexts. Its cooperative and non-politicized nature must therefore be preserved. The credibility of the UPR depends on the effective implementation of accepted recommendations, technical assistance, capacity building, and international cooperation should respond to priorities and needs identified by states, particularly developing countries. Nigeria congratulates the countries whose UPR outcomes were adopted during this session and wishes them success in implementing adopted recommendations. Finally, amid growing pressure on multilateralism and the UN liquidity crisis, Nigeria underscores the importance of directing available resources towards practical support for national implementation and tangible human right outcomes.

I thank you.


HRC · President [2:31:46]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Tunisia.


Tunisia [2:31:49]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Tunisia commends the constructive role of the UPR process in supporting the ability of Member States to fulfill their obligations in the area of human rights by assessing achievements and proposing improvements in order to address shortcomings and elevate human rights systems. Tunisia in 2022 submitted its report in the fourth cycle of the UPR that was prepared in accordance with the participatory approach with all stakeholders, as we are keen on constructive cooperation with human rights mechanisms. Tunisia is currently preparing for the submission of its upcoming report during the upcoming cycle to evaluate the progress made in terms of the implementation of the previous recommendations in a spirit of constructive engagement and openness to best practices. Tunisia reiterates that the effectiveness of the UPR mechanism is contingent on the objectivity and neutrality of recommendations made by States. and also non-politicization, while taking into account the specificities of states, as well as their ability to respond to these recommendations in line with their national priorities and challenges. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:33:16]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Uganda.


Uganda [2:33:22]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Uganda aligns with the statements of the African group, NAM, and the OIC groups. Uganda continues to applaud the Universal Periodic Review as a constructive, interactive and important human rights mechanism of this Council. The UPR remains a state-led peer review process where all countries dialogue on each other's human rights situations without exception. To date, Uganda has participated in three cycles of the UPR and we are committed to actively continue participating in the periodic review of our own country and in the reviews of other states. The APR has accorded us an opportunity to share our experience and learn from the best practices of human rights. It has allowed us to have introspection, especially the recommendations that we accept, and also self-assess our success in the promotion and protection of human rights for our people. We expect that the APR will continue to strengthen member states' capacity in consultation with them to implement obligations on promotion and protection of human rights. Till then, we continue to cooperate with the UPR mechanism in promotion and protection of human rights for all our people. We thank you.


HRC · President [2:34:39]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco.


Morocco [2:34:46]:

Thank you, President. The Kingdom of Morocco commends the sustained commitment of Member States towards the UPR. as it approaches the end of its fourth cycle. This mechanism is of paramount importance for efforts to protect and promote human rights everywhere throughout the world and should remain universal. Convinced of the legitimacy and credibility of this mechanism, Morocco was among its first advocates and remains one of the UN's most committed partners to the UPR. In close cooperation with OHCHR and UPRinfo, Morocco organized on last Thursday an important side event on prospects for bolstering the UPR during its fifth cycle, with participation from 46 delegations and many other stakeholders. The goal was to consider together adjustments needed to have a more effective review and a better implementation of recommendations. We believe that all this should be implemented through a consensus decision by the Council before, we hope, the start of the fifth cycle of the UPR. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:35:56]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Niger. Niger? In that case, I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malaysia. All right. I think we have come to the end of the list of speakers from observer states. Before continuing with speakers from national human rights institutions and non-governmental organizations, let me just remind the meeting that we are a bit behind schedule. Our target is to finish all by October 7th, so there is that need to accelerate. And we will probably end the day with agenda item six, and agenda item seven will continue tomorrow. The way things are, it seems that may be the case. Now, before turning to NHRI and NGOs, Let me also remind the meeting that we are presently considering item 6 on universal periodic review, and it's a general debate on the UPR process as a whole. So statements should be addressed in the process of UPR as a whole, and avoid reopening discussions on any particular issues that was discussed in the working group. And with that, I would like to give the floor to the representative of the American Civil Liberties Union for a joint statement. You have the floor.


ACLU [2:37:57]:

Last year, the United States failed to submit its national report and show up for its universal periodic review, beginning an unprecedented evasion of accountability that reflects the Trump administration's broader campaign to disrupt international law and accountability mechanisms. This blatant defiance of global cooperation also includes withdrawing the US from 66 international organizations, forums, and UN entities, and sanctioning the ICC. The Human Rights Council and member states must respond to the US's refusal to participate in the UPR with increased scrutiny to reinforce for all states that they cannot evade evaluation of their human rights record. The Council must take immediate, concrete action to preserve the universality of the UPR and develop a principled approach to prevent further undermining of this crucial peer review process. Together with a coalition of human rights organizations in the US, we request that the Council and individual member states unequivocally condemn US non-cooperation with the UPR and request that the US government submit a national report and appear before the Council on November 10th. submit advanced questions for the November 10th review on key human rights concerns in the US, mandate the Office of the High Commissioner to take all available measures, including independent reporting on the human rights crisis in the US, and ensure that any new or revised HRC procedures governing the UPR process will sufficiently address the consequences for lack of participation in the UPR. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:39:26]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the Colombian Commission for Juris for a video intervention.


Colombian Commission for Juris [2:39:33]:

We address the Council to flag up the risk of failure to comply with recommendations that Colombia accepted during its third cycle after the


HRC · President [2:39:47]:

Wait, the quality of the video recording is not sufficient for interpretation. Apologies.


 [2:39:54]:

Fortalecimiento de las medidas dirigidas a víctimas, mujeres y pueblos étnicos. Por su parte, Australia, Países Bajos y Sierra Leona recomendaron apoyar el trabajo autónomo e independiente y los esfuerzos para hacer justicia de la JEP. No obstante, el riesgo de regresión en el cumplimiento sobre el que ya alertamos en esta sesión se está haciendo realidad. Hoy, el gobierno colombiano está asfixiando económicamente las instituciones de justicia transicional, dejándolas prácticamente inoperantes. Este recorte llega en un momento crucial. La JEP está profiriendo sentencias y avanzando en el cumplimiento de las sanciones restaurativas impuestas a los responsables, mientras la UPD busca a más de 137.000 personas desaparecidas. Señor presidente, el nuevo gobierno tiene derecho a definir sus prioridades políticas, pero no a desconocer las obligaciones internacionales ni retroceder en la garantía de los derechos. Por eso hacemos un llamado al Consejo y a los Estados para que ayuden a defender estas instituciones y le exijan a Colombia cumplir el acuerdo final de paz y los compromisos adquiridos en el EPO.

Gracias.


HRC · President [2:41:04]:

Thank you. So my understanding is that that wasn't simultaneously interpreted into other languages due to the audio quality for the interpreters. So we continue to the next speaker, which is the representative of the Rauswam Human Development Center.


 [2:41:33]:

Mr. President, we are concerned about the continued violations endured by human rights Defenders and activists in Iraq including threats intimidation arrests and forced disappearances and killing we are concerned about the role of armed group outlaw armed groups in suppressing protesters and civil society would like to draw the attention to the remarks of Hadi alamri on the 29th of August 2026 during the conference held in n he said that that the resistance has stood up to the October sedition, this, uh, these remarks raise questions about the role of armed groups in, uh, confronting the October protests, the killing, and, uh… violations against activists and protests. We call on the Iraqi government to open an independent investigation into the role of armed groups in confronting the October protests. We call for restricting the possession of weapons and its use in the hands of the state and dismantling outlaw armed groups, as well as promoting rule of law and ensuring an environment conducive to the safety and protection of human rights defenders. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:42:50]:

Thank you. Now let me remind the next speakers that we are presently considering item 6, Universal Periodic Review, and the focus of statements is on the process of the UPR. So I would ask all speakers to focus on the UPR process, and therefore we have a productive process on the UPR process itself, which is, needless to say, an important part of consideration, especially this year. So I kindly request the following speakers to observe that aspect. And now I give the floor to the Instituto Brasiliero de Direitos Humanos for a joint statement.


 [2:43:44]:

President, the RPU Collective Brazil, celebrating its 10th anniversary, extends its support and reaffirms the importance of the UPR as the primary mechanism of government accountability that's genuinely universal, that complements other UN and regional mechanisms. Brazilian society has supported the UPR since its first days, and the Brazilian state was offered to be reviewed in its first session in 2008, in spite of challenges in implementing recommendations, such as violations by subnational entities. In the current context, the Brazilian Government is maintaining dialogue with civil society and is implementing the SEMORE, which we trust will bolster the implementation of recommendations in a detailed, ongoing basis. Bolstering the UPR is also bolstering multilateralism, especially in the current complicated context of geopolitics in the Americas and in the context of elections in Brazil, where at stake are the guarantees of rights that have been won since the country's redemocratization. Our organisation is at the disposal of coalitions from other countries to share our experiences in the Brazilian context. and foster even further participation in the UPR and its proper implementation according to each national context. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:45:18]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Skills International Board, Evi.


 [2:45:27]:

Thank you, Mr. President. We reiterate the importance of the UPR as a universal mechanism underpinned by equality, objectivity, and non-selectivity in the protection of human rights. We call on all States to implement the recommendations accepted and to cooperate fully with the UN mechanisms, away from politicization and double standards. We commend the commitment of Germany to democracy and the rule of law, as well as the protection of human rights. And we reject any attempts to target democratic states through political allegations that are not based on objective human rights evaluation. The Council should also be clear vis-a-vis the grave violations. The Russian aggression against Ukraine is a violation of the United Nations Charter and the sovereignty of a Member State. And there have been violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. This requires accountability. We call on the Council to implement equal standards against all and to hold to account perpetrators of violations without exception. No human rights with double standards, and no justice without accountability. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:46:56]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the Center for Constitutional Rights, Inc. for a joint statement.


CCR · Dr. Nour Abdallah [2:47:03]:

President and members of the Council. My name is Dr. Nour Abdallah, and I represent hundreds of families in the United States and around the world carrying profound grief and uncertainty in this moment, forced to become advocates and lifelines for our loved ones caught in the most dehumanizing circumstances. We are professionals, parents, artists, students, and caregivers, individuals who now have an additional burden of fighting for the freedom, dignity, and very lives of the people we love. We are often in the background of the horror stories of arbitrary detention, deportation, and family separation, yet our realities are shaped fully by the abuses of the U.S. government and the targeting of our families. Only together can we grasp this crisis. Families of human rights defenders branded as terrorists, communities whose members are disappeared off the streets, from school, during worship, families still hoping for a loved one's safe return home after yet another boat strike in the Caribbean that claimed more anonymous lives. These are the violations our government hopes to hide by withdrawing from this body. Our daily lives are testament to the reality that the United States government is intent on burying, but even If the US tries to withdraw from its universal periodic review and dismantle every avenue of justice and accountability for victims, the international community cannot give in, and every state must insist on bearing witness. Perhaps you know me as the wife of Mahmoud Khani, reduced to a grieving figure rather than a politically engaged advocate. The reduction is suffocating, but the responsibility to speak out is greater. My family and I are living into our obligation to demand a more just world. We implore you to do the same.


HRC · President [2:48:35]:

I now give the floor to the representative of United Towns Agency for North-South Cooperation.


UTA [2:48:41]:

Mr. President, Excellencies, the true test of leadership is not the strength of our declarations, but the dignity we secure in people's lives. The UPR must answer a simple question: are our commitments making women safer, children better protected and opportunity more accessible? Behind every recommendation is a person whose dignity cannot wait until the next review. We must turn promises into protection. The President, I therefore call for three priorities. First, turn commitments into accountable actions with clear deadlines, responsibilities, resources and measurable results. Governments must publish their regular progress reports and explain the gaps. Second, place women, children and communities at the center. Women and girls must live free from violence and access education, health care and economic opportunity not only as beneficiaries, but as leaders of change. Third, match expectations with practical support. Sustain technical and financial cooperation that strengthen justice, child protection, and essential services. Speaking on behalf of the United Towns Agency for North-South Cooperation, I reaffirm human dignity must be more than a shared aspiration. It must be a shared achievement. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:50:12]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project.


DefendDefenders [2:50:19]:

Thank you. Mr. President, as we are nearing the end of the UPR's fourth cycle, Defend Defenders suggests improvements for the fifth. In a paper, "A Stronger UPR for the Fifth Cycle," we draw on our experience of the process and outline recommendations to improve it. The paper presents reflections on the first four cycles and stresses the need to preserve the UPR foundational principles and address shortcomings. We outline guiding principles for any reform and possible adjustments. We make recommendations in five areas: national ownership and implementation, procedural adjustments, non-cooperation, new technologies, and technical cooperation. Among our key suggestions, States could submit recommendations in writing with a maximum of one per recommending State for each State under review, and other States could signal their support to submitted written recommendations. The number of States reviewed at each session could be reduced from 14 to 12. At adoptions, the speaking time allocated to NHRI and civil society could be expanded. Persistent refusal to engage or other forms of non-cooperation should trigger an institutional response. Non-cooperation should be interpreted as including systematic intimidation of and reprisals against those seeking to engage. The objective that should guide us all is to increase the UPR's impact at the national level. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:51:50]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the Xiangxi Patriotic Volunteer Association.


Founder [2:51:59]:

Mr. President, distinguished delegates, I'm the founder of the IPPO. We advocate a living, once in country without harming other nations' interests. Since we proposed the EIPP in 2022, it has been signed by 306 NGOs. In October last year, we formally adopted the pact. And just seven days ago, on the International Day of Peace, over 200 NGOs from 44 countries gathered at the UN Nairobi office to adopt the Nations' Rights to Development.

Review Mechanism.

This mechanism is mandated and drafted by the civil society itself. designed to review the cross-border impact of national development policies from a citizens' perspective. We believe that UPR must be more than a cycle of recommendations. It must integrate civil society's review of national development policies, especially when these policies carry cross-border consequences. We propose that this civil society-led nations' rights to development review mechanism be formally integrated in the UPR process. Only by allowing civil society to directly monitor the cross-border consequences of powerful states' policies can we close the institutional loophole of review on paper and harm in practice. We invite all delegations, NGOs, and media to our side event, Human Rights in the U.S. 1st October 2026, 5 to 6 p.m., conference room, Concordia 1, Palais de Nation. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:53:26]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of Human Rights Watch.


HRW [2:53:31]:

As the fourth cycle of the UPR approaches its end, it is incumbent on the Council to address cases of persistent non-cooperation in accordance with the institution building package. The UPR of the United States, rescheduled for 10th of November, is a case in point. If the US again fails to participate, the HRC should be ready to respond to its persistent non-cooperation, as affirmed in Council decision 19/101. States should not be rewarded for non-cooperation and should not avoid scrutiny of their domestic human rights situation by simply not participating in the UPR review. The country should have a discussion in plenary on how to address persistent non-cooperation in the UPR, and for states who fail to cooperate, such as the US, that must include a plenary discussion on the human rights situation in their country. At a time of sharp deterioration in rights in the US, where the government is violating immigrants' and asylum seekers' rights, curtailing free expression, taking action that may end up limiting access to the polls, and substantively undermining key oversight, accountability, and transparency mechanisms, the HRC can't afford to look the other way. The UPR was created to ensure that each state, regardless of its size and power, undergoes a review of its human rights record. The universal nature of the UPR is its most unique and valuable feature. The HRC must take action to defend the very essence of the UPR, which has received the highest level of participation from states across the world. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:54:53]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the International Council Supporting Fair Trial and Human Rights.


 [2:55:02]:

Mr.

President, with the UPR, it's not a matter of more recommendations, it's a matter of implementation of those that exist. This is the case of the occupied territory of the Western Sahara, where there are serious undermining of human rights. The UPR and UN mechanisms must insist on the respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the freedom of expression, assembly, and the protection of human rights defenders as well. The Sahrawi defenders continue to face restrictions and harassment. Independent access is limited to the territory. We call upon the Council to address the UPR recommendations in Western Sahara as a priority. calling for measurable objectives, not just as considerations in the report. We call upon the Kingdom of Morocco to fully cooperate with the human rights mechanisms in the United Nations, to ensure access of independent observers to Western Sahara, to respect the fundamental freedoms, and to put an end to reprisals and harassment of human rights defenders among the Sahrawi. We call for the human rights situation to not merely be addressed in a limited manner, but rather there must be also right to self-determination. Thank you.


HRC · President [2:56:29]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the MaaT for Peace, Development and Human Rights Association for video intervention.


MAAT [2:56:36]:

Thank you, Mr. President. MaaT affirms that the approaching conclusion of the first cycle of the UPR presents a valuable opportunity to objectively evaluate the mechanism and work towards its fundamental development and reform. Mr. President, MaaT regrets the reluctance of many States to submit mid-term reports under this mechanism. As of September 21, 2026, only 91 States have submitted UPR mid-term reports. Furthermore, MADD emphasized that the United States' withdrawal from the Human Rights Council and its failure to undergo the fourth review cycle constitute a dangerous deviation with significant repercussions for the international human rights system. Therefore, MADD calls upon member and observer States to adopt implementation action plans for the recommendations accepted during the UPR in accordance with the guidelines of the OHCHR. We encourage all those with influence over the United States to urge it to reconsider its decision not to have its human rights record reviewed under the UPR mechanism. Thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [2:57:59]:

Thank you. I give the floor now to the representative of OCOPROS International. They're not here. Okay. I give the floor to the representative of RESO International pour les droits de l'homme de l'Etat de droit.


 [2:58:20]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Sri Lanka has undergone four Universal Periodic Reviews. Each cycle has brought Eelam Tamils' cautions, recommendations, and continuing impunity. Seventeen years after Muli Vikal, no one has been held accountable for the genocide of Eelam Tamils. UPR recommendations have focused on general reform, reconciliation, and technical assistance, while failing address international crimes, survivors are still waiting. Tamil demands remain clear: an international accountability mechanism and a country-specific mandate holder for Sri Lanka. Domestic processes have repeatedly failed. The UPR cannot replace justice. This Council has shown what it can do. For Ukraine, it established an independent commission of inquiry and states supported international accountability. Victims of international crimes deserve equal treatment wherever they live. We call on Western states and all states committed to universality and non-selectivity to: First, to make UPR recommendations to Sri Lanka that explicitly address international crimes, including the genocide of Eelam Tamils. Second, to support international accountability mechanisms, including referral to the International International Criminal Court. Third, to support the nomination of a country-specific Special Rapporteur on Sri Lanka, treating Tamils as Ukraine has been treated. It's not politics, it is equality before international law. Thank you.


HRC · President [3:00:07]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of the Association Caritative Etudiante Pour la Jeunesse.


 [3:00:16]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Sri Lanka has been reviewed four times under the UPR. Across these four cycles, states made recommendations on accountability, missing persons, and non-repetition. Yet, impunity for genocide of the Tamils at Mullivaikal remains untouched. Their demands have been the same for 17 years, international mechanisms, and a country-specific mandate holder for Sri Lanka. The UPR relies on the goodwill of the state under review. Sri Lanka has accepted or noted the recommendations, then failed to implement them. The perpetrators remain unpunished. Tamils cannot wait for a fifth cycle to repeat the same outcome. We therefore recommend first that the Council nominate a country-specific mandate holder, a special rapporteur on Sri Lanka, to monitor, report publicly, and engage with victims. Second, that Western states which acted swiftly and decisively for Ukraine extend the same treatment to the Tamils. Third, that these states support an independent international investigative mechanism with a criminal justice function for Sri Lanka and the referral of the situation to the ICC or an ad hoc tribunal. Fourth, that they impose targeted sanctions on those credibly implicated exercise universal jurisdiction, and support a reparation process for victims. The Tamils ask only for equal treatment. I thank you, Mr. President.


HRC · President [3:01:57]:

Thank you. Now I give the floor to the representative of the Association des Etudiants Tamouls de France.


 [3:02:07]:

Thank you, Mr. President. The Sri Lanka was revived in the three times. Each time, state police enforced disappearances. Each time, Sri Lanka accepted recommendations. Yet, the Office of the Missing Person, established in 2017, has not completed a single investigation and has lost the confidence of their families. Commissions of inquiry have come and gone, and their reports remain unimplemented. unemployment in JNA the international conference of on enforced disappearance organized by the association of relatives of enforced disappearance G a family once more their demands are unchanged after 15 years truth justice and international mechanism many mothers have died without learning the fact of their children Mr. President even as the council meet the statue of ti dilip was forcibly removed from the tilip Memorial Square in nalu JNA by the JNA policy holy Sunday morning this a federal act of erasing against Tamil memory history and their right to monument. The UPR cannot remain a circle of the acceptance recommendation that had never implemented. 15 years of domestic mechanism have failed. We therefore recommend the state taking part in the 50 circle make specific miserable recommendation. First, the council appoint a country specific special rapporteur on Solanka. Second, the council established an independent international mechanism. Third, the member states support referral of the situation to the International Criminal Code by the Security Council. Thank you.


HRC · President [3:03:56]:

I now give the floor to the representative of the Africa Culture International for video intervention.


 [3:04:04]:

President, I speak today for the people of Sindh, whose voices often go unheard. Sindh is not simply a territory on a map; it is a historic homeland, an ancient civilization, a home to diverse communities. Yet, its people continue to face serious human rights concerns, and forced disappearances, extrajudicial killings, restrictions on civic space, violence against women and girls, forced conversions and underage marriages, discrimination and insecurity affecting religious minorities. In 1947, sin itself was not territorially partitioned, but partition brought profound human loss, displacement and separation. We must learn from that history, not repeat its human consequences. Today, proposals to alter Sindh's territorial and political future raise a fundamental question: who has the right to decide the future of a Sindhi homeland? We ask this Council to stand with the people of Sindh, to protect their human rights, their political voice, and their right to have a meaningful voice in decisions that may change the land they call their home. since the future should not be determined without the people of Sindh. A homeland is more than a territory. It is history, identity, memory, and belonging. And when decisions affect a Sindhi homeland, Sindhi voices must matter.


HRC · President [3:05:40]:

All right, that was Africa Culture International on on the CMD issue. And now I give the floor to the representative of the ETI.


ETI [3:06:05]:

Mr. President, The fundamental rights of hundreds of thousands of former displaced Azerbaijanis to return safely to their ancestral homes remain severely hindered by massive landmine contamination. During the decades of occupation, Armenia systematically laid landmines to the Azerbaijani lands, creating an enduring humanitarian hazards that continues to claim civilian lives today. Furthermore, the fate of thousands of missing Azerbaijanis from the Karabakh War remains an unaddressed tragedy. The discovery of numerous mass graves in the liberated areas reveals the grim reality of their disappearance. Regrettably, Armenia refuses to cooperate transparently by sharing comprehensive information or coordinates regarding these mass grave sites. We call upon the Council to urge Armenia to fulfill its international obligation, provide all fundamental human rights of victims and their families. The families of the missing persons have the rights to know the fate of their loved ones. I thank you.


HRC · President [3:07:20]:

I now give the floor to the representative of Consello Indigenista Misionario Simi for a video intervention in a joint statement.


CIMI [3:07:34]:

President, the collective Brazil believes that the compliance with the recommendations is essential when it comes to the protection of human rights of indigenous peoples. I am. I'm an indigenous from the Amazon region. In the last review, Brazil presented a worrisome horizon. Only five recommendations were met fully, 12 partially, and 24 were not met, and four have seen setbacks. There was an improvement to the protection of biomass with the reduction in fires and deforestation, as well as the strengthening of the environmental bodies for indigenous persons. The process of demarcation continues to be slow. In Brazil, indigenous lands have still not been fully regularized. Violence continues. It continues to increase in our territories. There is military police and armed militias The death rate of the mortality rate of children of up to four years of age is more than double of that of non-Indigenous children. We urge Brazil to strengthen the implementation mechanisms, including Cimore and the guarantee of compliance with the recommendations from the States. I thank you kindly.


HRC · President [3:09:02]:

Thank you. I now give the floor to the representative of the Rajasthan Samgha Kalyan Sansthan. They are not here. And I give the floor to the representative of the public organization Public Advocacy for Video Intervention.


 [3:09:21]:

Participants of the meeting, our organization notes with concern the alarming increase in restrictions on the rights of Orthodox religious communities that maintain canonical ties with the Moscow Patriarchate. In Ukraine, the process of the forced liquidation of the.

Ukrainian Orthodox Church continues, despite concerns previously expressed by the UN Special Procedures.

Criminal proceedings against hierarchs and clergy also continue in connection with their theological positions and lawful public statements. In Moldova, the state grants preferential treatment to the jurisdiction of the Romanian.

Orthodox Church, while restricting the rights of believers of the Orthodox Church of Moldova. In Estonia, legislative amendments have entered into force providing for the possibility of the forced termination of the activities of religious organizations that maintain canonical unity with the Russian Orthodox Church. We call upon Ukraine, Moldova and Estonia to end the persecution of believers and to ensure respect for freedom of religion or belief. More detailed information has been submitted by our organization for the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review. Thank you for your attention.


HRC · President [3:10:39]:

Thank you. I give the floor to the representative of UPR Info.


UPR Info [3:10:43]:

Mr. President, dear colleagues. As the fourth UPR cycle approaches its conclusion, the fifth cycle must renew the mechanism's founding promises to improve human rights in every member state. To achieve this, the mechanism should remain universal. Every state should participate, every right should be addressed, and every person should be protected. Persistent non-cooperation should be defined and should have proportionate consequences, while channels for dialogue remain open. A greater attention should be given to states under review unable to participate because of armed conflict, natural disaster or other exceptional circumstances beyond their control. The periodicity of the cycle should support continuous implementation between reviews, states should strengthen the national implementation mechanism and adopt public human rights monitoring plan. A whole of state and civil society approach should support the implementation of UPR recommendation. Furthermore, the review must mean genuine interaction and accountability. At the HRC adoption, Each state should present a roadmap for implementation. Mid-term reports should be encouraged. Finally, civil society must be able to participate safely in the UPR process. Civic space must be protected and reprisals addressed decisively. Let's work together so that the fifth cycle moves from UPR recommendations to strong legal frameworks, strong democratic institutions and measurable change for rights holders. I thank you.


HRC · President [3:12:14]:

Thank you. That was the last speaker on our list. And with this last intervention, we have concluded our consideration and the general debate under agenda item 6. Now, I understand that there are certain delegations who have requested to exercise the right of reply pertaining to the statement under this agenda item, agenda item 6. And I now give the floor. Is there any request? No. I recognize the delegation of China. You have three minutes.


China [3:13:00]:

Mr. President, certain geo- attacks and smears China under agenda item six, which are completely unrelated to the UPR, which China categorically rejects and strongly condemns. The UPR should serve as a platform for all states to engage in equal and candid exchanges on human rights issues and carry out constructive cooperation dialogue. Statements made by all parties remain focused on the agenda. Allegations and smears are entirely unfounded and go beyond the scope of agenda item six. Such actions will only undermine the credibility of the mechanism and damage the collective efforts to uphold multilateralism. We urge relevant NGO to cease abusing the platform of the Council and strictly abide by the Council's rules of procedure. I thank you, President.


HRC · President [3:13:58]:

Thank you. Any further request? I see no request for the floor. So, I already have mine prepared. Okay. All right, colleagues, we have come to the end of the meeting. We will reconvene tomorrow at 10:00 a.m. to hold the annual discussion on the integration of a gender perspective throughout the work of the Human Rights Council and that of its mechanism, and then to continue with agenda item 7. And agenda item 7 will be on the presentation of the report of the High Commissioner under agenda item 2 on the database of all business enterprises involved in the activities detailed in paragraph 96 of the report of the independent international fact-finding mission to investigate the implications of the Israeli settlements on the civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of the Palestinian people throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem. So with that, like to thank everybody, I'd like to thank our interpreters, our security officers, and I hereby close the 30th meeting of the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council.