44th Meeting - 63rd Session of Human Rights Council Human Rights Council Date: 7 October 2026 Language: English Transcript: https://transcripts.un.org/en/hrc/63/44 Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations. --- HRC · President [23:52]: Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, I hereby declare open the 44th meeting of the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. We will continue with taking action, and there will be one draft that we will take action on, and that will be draft decision L44. We will now consider draft decision L44 under agenda item 6, entitled Continued non-cooperation of a State under review with the Universal Periodic Review mechanism. The draft proposal calls for State under review to resume its cooperation with the UPR mechanism while requesting the President to continue to take all appropriate steps and measures in accordance with his mandate. to urge cooperation. The decision would postpone the consideration of the outcome of the UPR of Nicaragua until the 65th session of the Council, while leaving open the possibility for it to be scheduled sooner. The draft proposal also decides to consider at its 65th session any steps that may be may be deemed appropriate in the light of all provisions of the General Assembly resolution 60/251 and Human Rights Council resolution 5/1, taking into account that the fourth cycle of the universal periodic review is scheduled to conclude during the 65th regular session. Are there any members of the Council wishing to make comments at this stage? I see no such request. We shall now hear from the country concerned. The distinguished representative of Nicaragua. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Colombia. Colombia [26:04]: Thank you very much, President. Colombia is grateful to the Council's presidency, both current and past, for the efforts made to have Nicaragua resume its cooperation with the Universal Periodic Review. The UPR is one of the most valuable instruments in this Council, a cooperative instrument based on dialogue which ensures equal treatment. Colombia participated in every single one of these cycles with full conviction, because the protection of human rights is incredible when it is applied with coherence and without exception. States. Precisely because of this, Nicaragua's decision to interrupt its cooperation, having participated in an interactive dialogue, is cause for great concern because it doesn't only jeopardize the universality of the mechanism, but human rights themselves. This lack of cooperation is added to Nicaragua's disassociation from this Council and its refusal to cooperate with the other human rights mechanisms in a context of a serious deterioration of freedoms, including the persecution of journalists, human rights defenders and members of the religious communities. as well as the arbitrary depriving of nationality and the closing of thousands of civil society organizations. The constitutional reform, which has further restricted political participation, is cause for concern as well. Colombia is concerned by the breaking down of the democratic order. And for this reason, Colombia supports the draft decision presented by the Presidency, which recalls that Nicaragua should resume its cooperation and that in the forthcoming session it should reconsider these measures. We are concerned that the Council still has not reached consensus as to how to proceed in cases of ongoing non-cooperation, and that that discussion remains pending. For Colombia, this must have an end on the horizon. A State that does not cooperate cannot jeopardize the mechanism and jeopardize the fourth cycle altogether. Nicaragua has had many opportunities to communicate following the ruling of the presidency in two decisions, when it communicated its will in the past to withdraw from all of these council decisions, it refused to assume the appropriate responsibility. As a result, we need to ensure that the expression ad latus continues to be included in subsequent decisions by the council and reviewed in our debates. We call on Nicaragua to resume its cooperation with the UPR and with this Council in general, to the benefit of the Nicaraguan people. Thank you very much. HRC · President [28:41]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Chile. Chile [28:47]: Thank you very much, President. Chile is grateful to you and to your team for your management of this year to try and ask Nicaragua to resume its cooperation with the UPR. We're grateful for the presentation of this draft decision and the open and transparent consultations that were taking place to draft this. The UPR is the only mechanism in which all Member States of the UN, with no exception, provide accountability before peers concerning the human rights situation in their territory on an equal footing. Its force and scope rest on the participation of all and the understanding that no State can be beyond and above scrutiny or dialogue. Its cooperative and constructive character has given it legitimacy, and it is precisely in that spirit that the Council has kept its door open for more than a year and a half for Nicaragua to finish its fourth cycle. With this decision, the Council is considering a third extension to the country, thus giving it more time than any other State in the history of the mechanism has had to answer questions put in November 2024. We trust that the additional time is going to be well used. On the contrary, we would hope that the members of this Council are ready to take the necessary steps to preserve the universality of the UPR in line with resolution 66/24. 51 of the UNG and 5/1 of the Council. Without prejudice to this, we reiterate our recognition for the presidency and join the consensus. We once again call on Nicaragua to renew its cooperation with the international human rights system, including the UPR, and to submit its final document, as well as respond to the more than 200 recommendations which constitute a roadmap for the country. Thank you. HRC · President [30:50]: I do not see further requests for general comments. And we shall now hear from the country concerned. And I'm informed that the distinguished representative of Nicaragua is not present in the room. I've been informed by the Secretariat that there are no PBIs for this draft proposal, and I understand that L44 enjoys the support of all in this room. And therefore, can I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba? Cuba [31:40]: Thank you very much, President. The Cuban delegation would like to make a statement to explain its votes. And we were just wondering what the appropriate moment to do that would be. Thank you. HRC · President [32:03]: I understand that the request is to make explanation of vote before the vote. You have the floor, sir. Cuba [32:14]: Thank you very much, President. Cuba reiterates its commitment to the Universal Periodic Review. It is not perfect, but it has been shown to be the most effective mechanism of the Council. The UPR achieves results on the ground because it is a non-discriminatory, universal mechanism based on respectful dialogue, genuine cooperation and the consent of States. The UPR is effective because it avoids confrontation, selectiveness, interference and stigmatisation. L44 recognizes that Nicaragua demonstrated preparedness to cooperate, participating in the interactive dialogue with the UPR working group and presenting its national report. The process was interrupted at an advanced stage when Nicaragua was being reviewed and was considered to have punitive when punitive mechanisms and interfering decisions were made concerning UCMs, and these were considered to be incongruent with the action and principles of the Council. As has been established and recalled in L44, the UPR must have the full participation of the examined country at all stages of the process. As a result, the UPR report on Nicaragua cannot be adopted by consensus without having beforehand received due response from the country under review. Resolution 5/1 also ensures that the Council must make all efforts to work with the country to ensure their cooperation with the UPR. These efforts must be based on universal and respectful dialogue with the concerned country. Cuba is opposed to the imposition of artificial and arbitrary deadlines to classify a case as a lack of system, lack of cooperation under resolution 5/1. Any decision by the Council concerning the Nicaraguan UPR or that of any other country must respect the package of constitutional principles and all of the rules governing the proper functioning of the UPR. We are grateful that we have had proposals made by our delegation incorporated in this, and Cuba will join the consensus on L44. given that this is a strictly procedural text that does not assess the human rights situation in Nicaragua and does not prejudice the outcome of the UPR of that country. Thank you very much, President. HRC · President [35:22]: Thank you. Let me also thank the role that the delegation of Cuba has played in this regard. Is there any for the request for explanation of vote before the vote? I see no such request. Can I therefore take it that decision, draft decision L44 is adopted? It is so decided. We will now move to explanation of vote and general comments after the vote. on decision adopted under agenda item six. Is there any request for the floor? Explanation of vote after the vote on agenda item six. I see no requests. We have therefore concluded action on all draft proposals submitted for the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. We shall now proceed with the election of members of the Advisory Committee. The candidates for the seven vacant seats, as indicated in the note by the Secretary-General on the election of the members of the Human Rights Council Advisory Committee, A/HRC/63/83/Rev.1 and in the addenda A/HRC/63/83/Add.1 and A/HRC/63/83/Add.2 are as follows. For the vacant seats for African states, Ms. Akwabi Ines El Hadnou Tofun of Benin and Ms. Josephine Ndagire of Uganda. For the vacancies of Asia-Pacific States, Mr. Mohammad Sufiur Rahman of Bangladesh and Ms. Reba Ganguly Das of India. For the vacant seat for Latin American and Caribbean States, Mr. Jorge Barrera Rojas of Chile. For the vacant seat for Eastern European States, Ms. Aniko Szalai of Hungary. And for the vacant seat for Western European and other States, Mr. Francesco Agnello of Italy and Ms. Milena Costas Trascasas of Spain. In accordance with paragraph 70 of the annex to the Council Resolution 5/1, the election of members of the Advisory Committee shall be conducted by secret ballot from the list of candidates whose names have been presented in accordance with the requirements contained in Council Decision 6/102. where the number of candidates per regional group, however, corresponds to the number of seats to be filled for that group, the holding of a secret ballot shall be dispensed with in accordance with UN practice. The number of candidates in four of the regional groups, that is, the group of African states, the group of Asia-Pacific states, the group of Latin American and Caribbean States, and the group of Eastern European States, corresponds to the number of seats available in each of these groups. Therefore, the Council may proceed with the election without a ballot. I see no objection. It is therefore decided. I therefore declare the following six candidates elected members of the Advisory Committee by acclamation, namely, from the group of African States, Ms. Akwabi Ines Hadonu Tofun Benang and Ms. Josephine Ndagire of Uganda. From the group of Asia-Pacific States, Mr. Mohammad Sufiur Rahman of Bangladesh and Ms. Riva Ganguly Das of India. From the group of Latin American and Caribbean States, Mr. Jorge Barrera Rojas of Chile. From the group of Eastern European States, Ms. Aniko Szalai of Hungary. Regarding the group of Western European and other States, two candidates have been nominated for one vacancy. The Council will therefore proceed with the election in accordance with the established procedure. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of France. France · WEOG [41:13]: Thank you very much, President. Regarding the election of the candidate from the group of Western European States and other States to the Board of the HRC, it's my honour to designate to you on behalf of the We Are group in the Council and the group as a whole, the report of election of our member, oh the delay rather. We would like to ask for the delay in the election of our member in order to give members of this Council more time to assess the candidacy. Thank you. HRC · President [41:54]: Thank you. I see no further request for the floor on this. I understand that the delegation of France has requested that the election for the group of Western European and other states be deferred to the Council's next session. Unless I see any objection, the Council will defer the election of the member of the Advisory Committee from the group of Western European and other states to its 64th regular session. I see no objection. It is so decided. Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, we will now proceed with the appointment of mandate holders of the Human Rights Council. Firstly, I would like to very much thank all the members of the consultative group for their hard work, which has facilitated the efforts of the presiding officer to identify an appropriate candidate for each vacancy. Following the consultative group's recommendation and having held broad consultations, I would like to recall that I have decided to propose the appointments of those candidates whose names were indicated in my letters that were circulated to all delegations on 4th and 24th of September 2026. These letters are available on the HRC portal and on the webpage of the selection process. The final list of proposed candidates is now shown on the screen. The letter is available on the HRC portal and on the webpage. We shall now proceed with the endorsement of my list of proposed candidates in accordance with paragraph 53 of Council Resolution 5/1. Are there any comments on the proposed mandate holders? I see no such request. It is so decided. Thank you. The list of mandate holders who have just been appointed will be posted on the webpage under nomination, selection and appointment of mandate holders. I wish to call on all states and stakeholders to cooperate with the newly appointed mandate holders in the implementation of their mandates. Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, I propose that the Council now adopt the draft report of the 63rd session at referendum on the understanding that our distinguished Vice-President and rapporteur will finalize it with the assistance of the Secretariat. This draft report has been available on the HRC portal. And I now have the pleasure to invite the Vice President and Rapporteur, His Excellency Marcos Gomez Martinez, the Distinguished Ambassador of Spain, to introduce the draft report of the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. Excellency, you have the floor. Spain · Vice-President and Rapporteur [50:44]: President, Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, I have the pleasure to introduce to you the draft report on the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. The draft report was made available to all delegations yesterday, 6 October 2026, on the Human Rights Council portal as an advance, unedited version of all the documents, symbol A/HRC/63/2. It contains a procedural description of our work up to the conclusion of the general debate under agenda item 10 on the morning of 5 October 2026. After the session, the Secretary will add the details of action on draft proposals, finalise the report and circulate it for comments. Any comments and corrections should be sent within two weeks following the circulation of the final draft of the report, which will also be posted on the Human Rights Council portal. Following established practice, The draft report contains ten chapters corresponding to the respective items of the agenda of the Council. The text of the resolutions and decisions adopted during the session, together with the President's statement, will be available in due course on the website of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Their lists will be included in part one of the final report. Excellencies, distinguished colleagues, Over the past five weeks, the Council held 44 fully serviced meetings over two days with full conference services. During that time, it conducted nine general debates and 39 interactive dialogues, including four enhanced interactive dialogues. 19 dialogues were held with special procedure mandate holders, nine with investigative and expert mechanisms, one with the Advisory Committee and one with the Permanent Forum on People of African Descent. Further, nine concerned reports or oral updates of the High Commissioner, his office or the Secretary-General. Six of the interactive dialogues involved the participation of the High Commissioner or the Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights, and one involved the participation of the Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights. The Council also held six panel discussions and one closed meeting under the complaint procedure. Finally, the Council adopted 34 resolutions, two decisions and one President's statement, considered and adopted the Universal Periodic Review outcomes of 14 countries and appointed seven special procedure mandate holders. It also elected six members of the Advisory Committee Let me take this opportunity warmly to thank the Secretariat for its continued essential support in the work of the Council, including in finalising the report of the session. I thank you, President. HRC · President [54:16]: Thank you. May I now propose that the Council adopt its report at referendum? It is so decided. Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, according to the past practice, I will now give floor to observer states wishing to make comments on any of the resolutions and decisions adopted at this session. Let me remind you that this segment serves the sole purpose of giving an opportunity to observer states to make comments on the resolutions and decisions adopted at this session. The speaking time is two minutes. And I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Peru. Peru [55:34]: Thank you, President. We reaffirm our commitment to human dignity, the family, and protection against all forms of violence and discrimination under the general policy of my government. As a founding member of the Human Rights Council, we participate actively and constructively in the universal human rights system. However, in looking at sovereignty and in strict compliance with international law, we disassociate ourselves from non-consensual terminology contained in certain resolutions. First, the expression sexual and reproductive rights when this is interpreted as a right to abortion. We reaffirm our historic Programme of Action Cairo and our commitment to the right to life. Second, any measures on children and adolescents must uphold the primary right of parents under our constitution, our legislation and international obligations of Peru. Third, expressions such as intersectionality, gender approach, gender perspective, gender identity are not autonomous legal categories and cannot give rise to international obligations, nor modify treaties without state consent. Peru understands gender under 7.3 of the Rome Statute, meaning it's binary sex of men or women applying the equal gender equality approach as equal opportunities for men and women. Finally, President, we recall that in the resolutions of the Council, they're not legally binding, the resolutions, they are interpreted in line with our constitution, our laws, and our international obligations assumed by the Peruvian State, I thank you. HRC · President [57:39]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Paraguay. Paraguay [57:49]: President, we take the floor on draft resolution L.34, the human right to drinking water and sanitation. Paraguay reaffirms the importance of access to drinking water and sanitation and recognizes the need to make progress towards that goal. However, it is for each state to guarantee access by its citizens, both to drinking water and to sanitation. In terms of the reference to the gender term, we reiterate that for Paraguay, This is interpreted under our constitution. In other words, men and women in line with 7.3 of the Rome Statute. We regret that the core group decided to maintain certain references which are still the object of debate among states and societies. We understand that these references to sexual and reproductive rights and to sexual and reproductive health should be interpreted in line with the national legal framework, development priorities, and social and cultural values of each state. We emphasize that our constitution protects the right to life from conception. As regards children and adolescents, we reaffirm the importance of the role of the family and, in particular, the role of parents in educating children in keeping with Article 5 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Finally, Paraguay reiterates its commitment to the promotion and protection of human rights and welcomes efforts to prevent discrimination, eliminate harmful practices and make progress on the effective implementation of economic, social and cultural rights, including the human right to drinking water and sanitation. We reiterate our readiness to continue participating constructively in these processes, promoting texts that make progress possible on the effective enforcement of human rights while adequately reflecting the diversity of legal frameworks and national positions. Thank you. HRC · President [1:00:10]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Canada. Canada [1:00:17]: Thank you, Mr. President. Canada thanks all delegations that presented resolutions during this session. We extend our sincere appreciation to all co-sponsors and supporters of the resolution on the situation of human rights in Venezuela. We also thank the core group of the resolution L17 for their constructive engagement throughout negotiations, and especially with regard to the panel discussion envisioned by the resolution. Mr. President, in light of ongoing financial pressures facing the United Nations, Canada wishes to recognize those core groups that took steps during this session to improve efficiency, rationalize reporting requirements, and reduce duplication where possible, including L15 and L34. These efforts help ensure that the Council remains effective and sustainable. We encourage all delegations to continue pursuing similar measures in future sessions. We also encourage delegations considering new initiatives to follow the good practices outlined in the resolution on strengthening the Council's effectiveness. This includes ensuring that new resolutions are firmly grounded in human rights, engaging in meaningful consultations with civil society and interested delegations, sharing concept notes early, and announcing initiatives through the Council's organizational processes. In line with our longstanding position, Canada recognizes the qualified privacy rights described in Article 17 of the ICCPR, and it is in this spirit that we interpret references to the right to privacy in all resolutions. We would also note that Canada supports technology transfer on a voluntary basis and on mutually agreed terms, recognizing that the decision to engage in technology transfer is distinct from agreement on its terms. Finally, Canada continues to encourage all states to engage fully and in good faith in the universal periodic review and to uphold the principles of universality and cooperation that underpin this essential mechanism. Thank you. HRC · President [1:02:07]: Thank you. I give the floor to a distinguished representative of Eritrea. Eritrea [1:02:17]: Thank you, Mr. President. On draft resolution L26, Eritrea wishes to reiterate its strong concern regarding the continued pursuit of a mandate that has not secured the cooperation of the Government of Sudan. A mechanism that has failed to demonstrate a tangible contribution to improving the situation of the Sudanese people cannot credibly claim to serve their interests. Sudan continues to cooperate with a number of UN mechanisms and to engage with actors committed to supporting the country and its people. Its engagement and cooperation should not be overshadowed or defined by a resolution that does not reflect these realities. Eritrea disassociates itself from the adoption of draft resolution L26. Eritrea further disassociates itself from the adoptions of resolutions L12, L18, L13, and L14. On draft resolution L2, we have listened carefully to the explanations of vote presented by those opposing the renewal of this mandate. Eritrea maintains that those who are confident that their autonomous sanctions are fully consistent with international law and do not contribute to the suffering of affected populations should have no difficulty supporting their continued independent examination. If such measures are indeed lawful, targeted, proportionate, and accompanied by adequate humanitarian safeguards, continued independent scrutiny of their actual impact on the enjoyment of human rights should be entirely consistent with that position. We thank Spain and Germany for their work on draft resolution L.34. Eritrea wishes to stress, however, that water and sanitation are matters of fundamental importance. A resolution addressing these critical issues cannot be considered sufficient when it does not adequately confront the structural barriers and root causes that prevent developing countries from securing sustainable access to these essential services. You do not need to look further than the list of the co-sponsors to realize that this resolution does little to address the challenges and barriers faced by the countries that experience the greatest difficulties in this area. I thank you, Mr. President. HRC · President [1:04:21]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Costa Rica. Costa Rica [1:04:29]: President, Costa Rica wishes to explain its position under this 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. After the adoption of the resolutions, we reaffirm our unshakable commitment to the promotion and protection of all human rights, which is part of our historic international vocation. This statement has the purpose of preserving clearly the national interpretation that the Government of Costa Rica places on certain expressions and concepts incorporated in some of the texts that were considered by the Council. On draft resolution L.34, regarding sexual and reproductive rights, and in general terms regarding gender concepts, parental rights and intersectionality, the interpretative reservation of Costa Rica is that these must be adjusted in keeping with constitutional and conventional guarantees valid in our countries. On the term gender, in the case of the Government of Costa Rica, this is understood as substantive equality between men and women. We respectfully request that the Secretariat reflect this statement in the report of the meeting. I thank you, President. HRC · President [1:06:12]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sudan. Sudan [1:06:16]: Thank you, Mr. President. We'd like to thank the states promoting initiatives on human rights during this session, and we have the following remarks. In principle, Sudan does not support any resolution imposed against the will of the state concerned. That's why we reject all resolutions adopted by vote, including the resolution on the Sudan and other resolutions on Burundi, Russia, and Venezuela. We call for a commitment to the principles constituting this Council, and we call upon all concerned states to continue efforts to promote human rights. Given the situation in the Sudan and the suffering from the intervention from the mercenaries supported by a known country waging a war against civilians, we support the Working Group on Mercenaries, and we'd like to renew its mandate. There are a number of security companies involved in armed conflicts. That's why we'd like to renew the mandate of the working group regulating these companies as a state party to Ottawa Convention. And given the relevant humanitarian consideration, we support the resolution on the anti-personnel mines. We call for respecting different cultures and refraining from proposing controversial concepts which will increase polarization in the Council, especially concepts and terms that have not been agreed upon legally. We disassociate ourselves from these expressions and we reserve the right to interpret these controversial concepts. We have been affected by UCMs. That's why we fully support the resolution proposed by the NAM on the UCMs. We also support the resolution on the right to development. We support the rights supporting children, persons with disabilities, including the resolution of equal access of children to adequate food and the enjoyment of all human rights. We participated in sponsoring the resolutions on peasants and rural workers. We fully support the resolution also on new technologies and the effect thereof on human rights and the implications of AI. Thank you, Mr. President. Interpreters note that the speaker was very fast. HRC · President [1:08:42]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation. Russian Federation [1:08:50]: President. We categorically cannot accept the politically motivated resolution on the human rights situation in the Russian Federation and the mandate of the rapporteur, as well as the resolution on Georgia. We are against politicisation of human rights situations in Burundi, Venezuela and Sudan. do not join the consensus on the anti-personnel mines and the International Criminal Court and its statute. We note the serious crimes against humanity. The global digital agreement, we distance ourselves from mention of these documents. We take the view that the participation of the indigenous peoples in the Council will be carried out in keeping with the provisions of the institutional package of the Human Rights Council as regards broadening their participation in the work of the Council. This should not go ahead of the process by the GA in 1833. We do not agree with the broadened interpretation of the rights and international obligations of states or the use of ambiguous terms that do not have the support of all member states of the UN. We are against references in resolutions to certain human rights approaches and derived concepts and terms. We do not share the concept of online-offline. and the separate category of survivors. As regards the gender term, we understand this to be the biological sex. We do not support such ambiguous terms as taking into account the gender perspective, gender-motivated violence, gender-motivated violence with the assistance of technology, gender-motivated discrimination. and many forms of discrimination, gender-motivated human rights violations, gender-motivated bias, menstrual health. We reject references to so-called sexual and reproductive rights. The reference to human rights defenders should be understood under the GA resolution The general references to the treaty bodies in these do not mean that we agree with them. The full text of our statement will be placed on the Human Rights Council portal. Thank you. HRC · President [1:11:39]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan [1:11:45]: Thank you. My delegation welcomes the adoption of the resolution L.24 entitled "The impact of anti-personnel mines on the full enjoyment of all human rights". straitened victim assistance. We thank the Algerian delegation and the members of the core group for professional leadership during the drafting process. Azerbaijan has co-sponsored the resolution and provided a number of important amendment proposals that have contributed to the powerful message that we collectively sent today to the world. Anti-personnel mines continue to have long-lasting consequences for the full enjoyment of human rights, affecting victims, their families, and communities. As one of the most mine-contaminated countries in the world, Azerbaijan continues to suffer from the acute landmine problem. In this regard, we welcome a particular focus of this resolution on victim assistance, which is equally important as mine clearance. Mine action is a cornerstone of sustainable peace and plays a pivotal role in post-conflict rehabilitation, including by enabling safe and dignified return of IDPs, rebuilding conflict-affected territories, and ensuring socioeconomic development. In this respect, we welcome an important emphasis that the resolution puts on the linkage between demine action, peace and achievement of the SDGs. Mine clearance is also vital to enable better adaptation to climate impacts, and we applaud that the adopted resolution acknowledges that linkage. The staggering statistics on landmine casualties demand action. in particular when it comes to the need to mobilize stronger international assistance, partnerships, and sustained funding for mine action and victim assistance. We welcome the call of the Council to UN member states to increase the funding to mine clearance and victim assistance, including by using alternative sources of funding and public-private partnerships. In conclusion, we did reiterate our support to the resolution, reaffirmed the importance of ensuring adequate and sustainable assistance to victims with their rights, needs and dignity being placed at the centre of all our efforts. Thank you, Mr. President. HRC · President [1:13:51]: Thank you, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nigeria. Nigeria [1:13:57]: Thank you, Mr. President. Nigeria thanks you, the Bureau and the Secretariat, for starting this session. We also appreciate the efforts of panellists and delegations to bridge differences and build consensus. My delegation welcomes the adoption of the resolutions advanced by the African Group and LAM, as well as other initiatives promoting international cooperation, technical assistance, capacity building and a just world economic order. Mr. President, the Council's work must remain firmly guided by the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity and non-selectivity. Sustainable progress in the promotion and protection of human rights requires constructive dialogue, mutual respect and practical support for implementation at the national level. In this context, Nigeria cautions against the imposition of country-specific initiatives without the consent of the states concerned. The Council's action should strengthen national institutions, respect national ownership, and support states in fulfilling their human rights obligations. For the Council to command trust, national engagement must also respect the sovereign equality of states and their democratic and constitutional processes. Positions accepted by some states do not by that fact alone become binding international obligations applicable to all states. Nigeria is clear, sovereignty must not be invoked to human rights obligation. Equally, human rights must not be used as a pretext to interfere in the internal affairs of the states. Maintaining this principle will balance and enforces our shared commitment on humanity. Nigeria further clarifies that it will interpret all gender-related terminology in the resolution adopted in accordance with its domestic legal framework and applicable international obligations. Finally, Mr. President, Nigeria remains committed to constructive engagement and to a Council that delivers practical improvements in the lives of all people. I thank you. HRC · President [1:16:06]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Argentina. Argentina [1:16:16]: Thank you very much, President. My delegation would like to take the floor in this segment to specify some concepts following the repeated references in resolutions, including L44. Firstly, my delegation wants to recall that in international law, there isn't currently a universally agreed and legally binding definition of gender, which is separate from that of biological sense, understood as women and men, along the lines of instruments other than that of the Statute of Rome. Debates of terms which have not been subject to consensus among states cannot be used in additional instruments. Secondly, in terms of reproductive rights, health services and reproductive health services, these should be understood in line with existing international human rights treaties and other international legal standards. It does not constitute a source of independent secondary understanding or any interpretive definition not agreed by states. The term intersectionality is academic in nature and doesn't have a universally agreed definition in international law. Its use in international documents does not imply in of itself the establishment of new legally binding categories of rights. President, as is the case in L34, if we mix terms, we are not bolstering human rights, we weaken them. And when we do that, we also weaken the Council. Thank you. HRC · President [1:17:52]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Malaysia. Malaysia [1:17:57]: Thank you, Mr. President. Within the core groups of L25 and L32, Malaysia is pleased to co-sponsor. We recognize the Council's responsibility to address the human rights implications of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, and hope these resolutions contribute to safeguarding human rights while enabling us to harness AI's opportunities. Malaysia is also co-sponsored L16 and L24, reflecting our support for addressing the human rights dimensions of anti-personal mines, nuclear testing, and disarmament. We believe human rights are interconnected and that all issues, including peace and security, carry human rights implications. We welcome the emphasis on victims' perspectives and underscore that international maritime law must be respected at all times in peace and in conflict. Mr. President, Malaysia has traditionally co-sponsored resolution L34 on water and sanitation, including for the past seven iterations. We attach particular importance to ASEAN programs to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation in Southeast Asia, and the complementarity of ASEAN and United Nations efforts. We regret, however, that the negotiations did not result in a sufficiently inclusive and consensus-oriented approach. While there is consensus on sexual and reproductive health and rights terminology grounded in the 1994 ICPD, the language introduced does not reflect agreed terminology and remains a concern to a number of states, including Malaysia. This has politicized consideration of an otherwise technical and longstanding resolution. Consequently, Malaysia is unable to co-sponsor the text and dissociate itself from PP34 and OP2F as formulated. My delegation requests that this statement be duly recorded in the official records of the Council. Thank you. HRC · President [1:19:45]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Arab Emirates. United Arab Emirates [1:19:55]: Thank you very much, President. My delegation greet the adoption of L21 regarding the strengthening of the means of enjoyment of all human rights. My country supports the principle of universal access and we are, as a nation, profoundly committed to a dignified life for all, including persons with disabilities, L25 on artificial intelligence and its impact on human rights, as well as L32 concerning strengthening children's access on an equal footing to healthy food and adequate nutrition, L33 as well. These are all texts that are capable of bolstering human rights in priority areas. President, We distance ourselves from all terms adopted which are not subject to consensus, and we underscore the importance of adopting decisions that are based on consensual and consistent language, which distances itself from controversies in the international sphere in certain areas. Thank you. HRC · President [1:21:21]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Algeria. Algeria [1:21:28]: you Mr President as a member of the core group of L25 we welcome its adoption and thank all delegation that have already joined as co-sponsors we encourage other to do so as a strong signal from the council that human rights must remain at the center of the development design and the use of AI we equally welcome the adoption of L24 and sincerely thank all delegations for their constructive engagement throughout the process this consensus demonstrates that despite our differences, the Council can come together around a shared objective and keep victims at the center of its work. We reiterate our strong support for L30 and regret that the consensus could not be maintained. While we welcome the adoption of L36, we reiterate our consistent position on the importance of maintaining a clear distinction between migration governance and international refugee protection, as well as between regular and irregular migration, given their distinct legal frameworks and policy dimensions. We also urge caution in using the term climate refugee, which is not a distinct legal category under the Refugee Convention. On L20 Rev 1, Algeria thanks Mexico and Guatemala for their constructive engagement and for their efforts to accommodate several of our proposals. We particularly welcome the references to the GA Resolution 8303. However, my delegation is not in a position to join consensus on the references OP 15 to the joint report of the co-facilitators and OHCHR. Algeria also disassociate from the list of principles contained therein as these have not been agreed intergovernmentally. On a cross-cutting basis and with regard to several resolutions, while we express concerns over the increasing attempts to redefine international law, we wish to underline the following. Algeria reserves the right to interpret and implement adopted resolution consistent with its obligation and the international Algeria maintains the definition and interpretation of the term gender and other gender-related concepts in line with our national legislation, cultural norms, and religious values. The full statement will be available on the extranet. I thank you. HRC · President [1:23:42]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Iran. Iran (Islamic Republic of) [1:23:47]: Thank you, Mr. President. My delegation welcomes the adoption of the resolution on the right to development and the negative impact of the unilateral coercive measures introduced by the Non-Aligned Movement. Iran is of the view that these two issues deserve further attention from the Human Rights Council and OHCHR. It is regrettable that such important issues were not adopted by consensus. Regarding draft resolution L20 on indigenous people, we echo the concerns raised by some delegations that the special consideration offered to indigenous people within the Council should be understood as pertaining to their particular situation and should not be extended to other groups. With regard to resolution L34 on water and sanitation, Iran disassociate itself from the non-consensual languages and references related to SRHR. It is regrettable that the concerns raised by some countries during the informal consultation were not taken into consideration. While we welcome the reference to occupation in the draft, what we support is the inclusion of foreign occupation in the text rather than a reference to occupation in general. Regarding to resolution L24 on, sorry, anti-personal mines, Iran disassociate itself from operative paragraph three and from all references to the related convention. Iran complies with the conventions to which it is a party. Finally, Iran would like to reiterate that in our understanding, the term gender refers to the biological distinction between women and men. We also will not go with the languages to TFGPV and other challenging related ones. I thank you. HRC · President [1:25:33]: Thank you. So that was the end of my list on general comments by observer states. Excellencies, colleagues, I now open the floor for delegations wishing to make general concluding remarks on the 63rd session as a whole let me take this opportunity to remind you that this segment serves the purpose of making general remarks about the session and should not be used to address political issues of a bilateral nature the speaking time is 2 minutes and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Eritrea [1:26:26]: Thank you for giving me the floor again, Mr. President. Eritrea has made every effort to participate in the informals and contribute constructively with a broad sense of responsibility towards the representation that we hold. We believe that the discussions throughout our sessions should serve a greater purpose, fostering a stronger sense of responsibility and a genuine understanding of the peoples we represent. We cannot overlook the fact that a significant proportion of the resolutions produced by this Council concern countries of the Global South. This reality must be reflected in the balance and content of these texts. While these resolutions are not legally binding, they express aspirations of good faith and can serve as guidance for states. This makes it all the more important for the Council to give due consideration to their content, particularly in light of the composition and institutional setting of the Council. The continued push to include narratives that do not adequately reflect the realities of developing countries, the persistence in advancing country-specific mandates in pursuit of political objectives, and even the willingness to deviate from the institution-building package to facilitate such approaches are, in our view, matters that warrant serious consideration. Eritrea believes that dialogue must be pursued on all fronts, politization needs to be minimized, and human rights concern must be addressed consistently and without selectivity. The Council needs to commit to addressing global challenges and ensure that the experiences, priorities, and voices of the countries most directly affected are not overlooked. Resolutions should be developed through inclusivity and meaningful reflection of realities on the ground, rather than predominantly through the perspective of those who do not directly face these challenges. I thank you, Mr. President. HRC · President [1:28:11]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sudan. Sudan [1:28:17]: Thank you very much, President. This 63rd session tackled the context in Sudan. From the outset, there was an interactive debate on Sudan, and the following day, there was an information session on the Obeid in Kordofan. To this, we add the parallel events on the fringes of the session, and we'd like to thank all countries that have expressed their solidarity with Sudan and its people during this difficult time. We have taken note of an increased level of understanding for Sudan and its concerns regarding foreign interference. and these concerns are well known. There are a number of representatives of some countries which hold themselves above the global order and vaunt a allegedly democratic system but are nonetheless involved in embargoes, weapons embargoes against Sudan, but at the same time they are injecting mercenaries and sophisticated weapons onto our territory. Where their virtuous and moral high ground comes from, we do not know. But, President, the crisis in Sudan will not be resolved when well-known states such as these are supporting those perpetrating violations in our country. Thank you, President. HRC · President [1:30:03]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan [1:30:09]: Mr. President, the Human Rights Council has an important role in advancing the promotion and protection of human rights by fostering dialogue, cooperation, and the constructive exchange of views among its participants. Its credibility and effectiveness are strengthened when the Council remains a forum for genuine engagement, where differing perspectives are expressed in a constructive manner and human rights issues are considered objectively and impartially, in good faith. We, therefore, attach particular importance to safeguarding the Council as a platform for meaningful dialogue and constructive engagement in full respect of its mandate, principles, and rules. Against this backdrop, we would like to draw the attention of the Council to the continued abuse of the Council's platforms by certain NGOs to advance politically motivated and warmongering narratives against Azerbaijan that are inconsistent with the principles and purposes of the UN Charter. Respect for the sovereign and territorial integrity of states is a fundamental principle of international law and shouldn't be undermined or politicized. Therefore, attempts to question or undermine the sovereign and territorial integrity of Azerbaijan through the platforms of the Council by these entities must be rejected. Given that these entities hold consultative status with ECOSOC, they are expected, pursuant to Resolution 1996/31, to respect the purposes and principles enshrined in the Charter of the UN. The repeated misuse of this status and of UN platforms for purposes contrary to these obligations should not be overlooked and should warrant appropriate consideration of the organization's consultative status. We therefore call upon all participants within the Council, including its Bureau and Secretariat, as well as OHCHR within their respective mandates, to ensure that NGO participation is conducted in accordance with the applicable rules and that the Council's platforms are not used in ways that undermine its credibility, impartiality, or mandate. Azerbaijan remains committed to the promotion and protection of human rights and to constructive engagement with the Council. We expect the same commitment to these principles from all actors participating in Council's work. I thank you. HRC · President [1:32:24]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Qatar on behalf of the GCC. Qatar · GCC [1:32:35]: Thank you very much, President. I am making this statement on behalf of the Gulf Council countries, which insist on their right to interpret Council decision terms in line with the consensual principle underpinning international law and the custom and culture. We therefore distance ourselves from concepts and terms that are not in line with our social, cultural and religious systems and are not grounded in a clear and agreed human rights legal definition. We reiterate our national perception of the concepts of gender in line with our national and legal framework, reflecting our socio-cultural and religious specificities. We would like our statement to be incorporated in this session's minutes. Thank you. HRC · President [1:33:41]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Bangladesh. Bangladesh [1:33:49]: Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, as the Human Rights Council concludes its 63rd session, Bangladesh wishes to express its sincere appreciation to you, Mr. President, the Bureau, the Secretariat, interpreters, delegations, and other stakeholders for their engagement throughout this intensive session. Bangladesh has sought to contribute constructively to the Council's deliberations, guided by our commitment to dialogue, cooperation, and the effective promotion and protection of human rights. We particularly welcome the consensus adoption of the resolution titled "Implications of Artificial Intelligence in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights." Bangladesh was pleased to work closely with our fellow core group members, Algeria, Austria, Egypt, Greece, Guyana, Kuwait, and Nepal in advancing this initiative. The consensus adoption of the resolution reflects the Council's shared resolve to address the human rights implications of artificial intelligence through constructive and inclusive multilateral engagement. It demonstrates that notwithstanding differing perspectives on rapidly evolving technologies, this Council can forge common ground around the imperative of ensuring that artificial intelligence is developed and deployed in a manner consistent with international human rights law. We express our sincere appreciation for all delegations whose thoughtful engagement, textual contributions, and willingness to seek common ground helped shape a balanced and forward-looking outcome. Finally, as artificial intelligence increasingly shapes our economies, societies, and institutions, sustained multilateral dialogue will remain indispensable. Bangladesh looks forward to continuing this engagement in an inclusive, balanced, and forward-looking manner. We thank you, Mr. President. HRC · President [1:35:27]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Pakistan on behalf of the OIC. Pakistan · OIC [1:35:38]: Thank you once again, Mr. President. The OIC affirms that human rights stem from the inherent human dignity Every person is entitled to all human rights without distinction of any kind. This is the basis of states' obligations under international human rights law and what this Council is mandated to uphold. Mr. President, this Council cannot create obligations that states have not assumed. Initiatives presented to the Council must uphold the principles of universality, impartiality, objectivity, and non-selectivity, instead of departing from them. Assertions about incompatibility with international human rights law must be grounded in agreed intergovernmental instruments. Domestic priorities cannot be read into the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or other instruments. The views of treaty bodies or experts are not law and do not bind states. The sponsors of initiatives presented before this Council should reflect on the approach that has to be taken. Creating hierarchies of rights holders runs counter to the Council's universal mandate. States should not overstep those bounds while paying only lip service to the plight of peoples under foreign occupation, poverty, disenfranchisement, and deprivation at home. or entrenched systemic and structural racism, discrimination, and religious hatred, including the rise of Islamophobia. Mr. President, the OIC reaffirms the sovereign right of states to develop their legal and criminal justice systems consistent with their respective human rights obligations. We reaffirm also the importance of respecting social, cultural, and religious values. The imposition of legal models, regardless of national circumstances and without intergovernmental agreement, runs counter to the principles of democracy and the rule of law that lie at the heart of this Council's work. The OIC calls upon the Council to uphold its mandate and refrain from initiatives that result in division and polarization. And I thank you. HRC · President [1:37:20]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kenya. Kenya · Africa Group [1:37:28]: Mr. President, as we come to the close of this third session of the Human Rights Council, allow me on behalf of the African group to congratulate you and your leadership and stewardship of the Council. Your presidency has been marked by many milestones, in fact, too many to mention. But however, some stick out, your timekeeping and cheerful conduct of our meeting. You made hard work seem and feel light. I would also like to thank members of the Council and indeed all member states for their friendship, support, camaraderie, and the genuine love of what binds us in this august house, the power and the force that is multilateralism. Yes, we did not agree on all the issues all the time, but this is the very essence of our business. We negotiate, compromise, and when we do so, we all live here happily. In particular, I pay tribute to the African Group. It has been this delegation's honor to be a coordinator for this session. Your full participation in all items of the agenda shows the importance we attach to our work here. Many of us are small delegations. All of us have relatively smaller teams covering the Council, but we did get the job done and done well. To all the experts, I raise my heart, and maybe later on this evening, my glass, to all of you. You all do all the heavy lifting and make us ambassadors look, feel, sound awesome. Thank you for all your hard work. Secretariat staff, interpreters, thank you. We wouldn't have any order if it were not for you here. In conclusion, good people, the Human Rights Council deals with far too many difficult files. Some files that are outright depressing and others that are gut and heart-wrenching. But this doesn't hold us back. It makes us drive, drives us to make sure that we leave this world a little bit better than we found it, even if that change is only very slight. So let us ensure that the human rights for every human being is not only recognized or affected, but lived, lived in our institutions, lived in our technologies, lived in our laws, and lived in our daily choices. Let history be sure us that we did not shrink from the challenges, we rose to it. We chose courage over comfort, action of apathy. By our collective actions, let the innocence yet to be born inherit a world shaped by the absolute best of our choices. I thank you. HRC · President [1:39:48]: Thank you. And from me personally, thank you for your kind and wise words. I have no further states on the list. I turn to non-governmental organizations and I give the floor to our colleague from Russia. Speaker 56 [1:40:11]: Okay. HRC · President [1:40:12]: You have the floor, madam. Speaker 58 [1:40:18]: President. The activities of the council need to be fundamentally reconsidered, with the loss of time for discussion of tangible issues, which have led to an expansion of the agenda for extraneous issues and a difficulty in targeted dialogue. The list of speakers in the interactive dialogues It's the same stage every time. This is no surprise. Others are told to put those statements online. The discussions take place in the half empty room since the delegations at this time are in many different discussions which overlap, and at the same time the number of duplications of initiatives continues to increase. The authors of many resolutions do not wish to have genuine negotiations, and instead of seeking mutually acceptable discussions, they seek to impose their own views. Sometimes they just have a single round of consultations, even on notably problematic issues with new elements. Everybody knows about the limited number of states which at the stage of negotiations have no shame in pushing through new terminologies. There is a clear desire to instrumentalise human rights further and continue to use the council just as a forum for clearly politicised country resolutions in order to put pressure on those who have independent internal and foreign policies, sovereign states. In terms of these dual, double standards, they demonstrate mass violations of human rights at home, including those in the report on human rights, the joint report by Russia and Belarus. And this group uses the norms of international law interprets them in its own way, for example, the rules-based order, and aggressively imposes on the rest of the world its ideological views, not taking into account historical, cultural, religious, and other particularities of states. We once more call on delegations to take these problems seriously and, finally, to take measures to return trust to the Council, rationalize its work, and improve effectiveness. I thank you. HRC · President [1:43:02]: Thank you. I give the floor to the distinguished representative of India. India [1:43:08]: Thank you, Mr. President. As we conclude the final regular session of the Council this year, the Indian delegation extends its sincere thanks to you, Mr. President, for your leadership, not just this session, but throughout 2026. We value the patience and courtesy with which you have guided our deliberations and your efforts to encourage dialogue and cooperation among all of us. Your attention to differing perspectives has helped foster a constructive atmosphere in the Council. Our thanks also go to the members of the Bureau, your team, the Secretariat and conference services, the interpreters, and everyone else involved for their tireless work and support. India has continued to engage constructively throughout this session, as indeed earlier sessions during this year. We are concerned that there are significant divisions across countries on a number of issues, and that has, of course, made reaching consensus on most issues a lot more difficult. We would have preferred to see a closer ground among countries, but we are happy to note that on a number of resolutions, Council members did come together and were passed by consensus. We would also like to reiterate our concern on similar resolutions coming every session with no real movement on the text. Nevertheless, we value the conversations and the constructive approach that allows for a genuine exchange of views. Let me end here, Mr. President, by requesting you to please accept India's warm appreciation for your service to the Council over the three sessions and our best wishes for your continued success for the remaining of your term. Thank you. HRC · President [1:44:40]: Thank you very much. Now I turn to our colleagues. I recognize the distinguished representative of Gambia. You have the floor, sir. Gambia [1:44:59]: Thank you, Mr. President. As we conclude the 63rd regular session of this Human Rights Council, my delegation wishes to express its sincere appreciation for the exemplary manner in which this session has been conducted. We extend our particular gratitude to you, sir, for your leadership of this council at this time. The way you handled through impartiality and effective leadership throughout these five weeks, your guidance has enabled this council to fulfill its mandate with efficiency and constructive spirit. We also wish to convey our deep appreciation to your very able secretariat that works tirelessly behind the scenes for the service of this Human Rights Council, for their professionalism, tireless dedication, and continuous support to members, which have been indispensable to the smooth running of our work. We thank all those who have contributed to the success of this session, and look forward to continuing our collective efforts in the promotion and protection of human rights everywhere for everyone. And we thank you. HRC · President [1:46:31]: Thank you, sir, and thank you also for those kind words addressed to all of us on this podium. I see no further request for the floor from States. And I therefore turn to our colleagues from the non-governmental organization, and I give the floor to the representative of the International Service for Human Rights. ISHR [1:46:57]: Thank you, President. This is a joint statement, and the full version will be posted on the HRC portal. States should act to defend the UPR's universality and integrity following the persistent non-cooperation of Nicaragua and the United States. Building on the Council's adopted decision on Nicaragua's non-cooperation with the UPR, States should support a dedicated Council debate on persistent non-cooperation in the fourth cycle of the UPR and on the human rights situations in those countries. Efficiency measures driven by the UN's financial crisis have already cut reporting and resources from special procedures, currently affecting about one in four thematic mandates. Any further changes must be assessed on a case-by-case basis and preserve meaningful engagement with the General Assembly, ensuring that efficiency measures do not weaken the visibility, effectiveness, or independence of mandate holders. This year, the Council closed its confidential complaint procedure against Tajikistan, the first country to be considered in the plenary since 2014, without public disclosure of outcomes or decisions. States should convene an outcome discussion with the participation of civil society or agree on a disclosure of a simplified version of the outcome document to enhance accountability while preserving the procedure's integrity. We welcome the adoption of the resolutions on AI from rhetoric to reality, migrants, women and girls in digital technologies, working group on peasants, special rapporteur on toxics, working group on people of African descent, Afghanistan, Burundi, Georgia, Russia, Sudan, and Venezuela, and we regret that the Council failed to adequately respond to the situation in Yemen. Finally, we urge the Council to act to prevent atrocity crisis. The situation in Ethiopia is of utmost concern as conflict has resumed between federal forces and multiple regional armed groups, with risks of a broader regional conflict involving neighboring countries. The Council should keep all options on the table, including convening a special session. Thank you. HRC · President [1:49:04]: Thank you. This was the last speaker on my list. Excellencies, distinguished representatives, colleagues, we are coming to the end of this meeting. Before I conclude, as I mentioned at the opening of the session, we have among us six beneficiaries from least developed countries and small island developing states. that are supported by the LDC CITS Trust Fund. It is essential that we sustain support for this Trust Fund to facilitate universal participation in this Council. I encourage all of you to consider contributing to this vital mechanism of inclusion. I wish to express my profound gratitude to my colleagues, the members of the Bureau, His Excellency Sagap Kebeka Udaka, Ambassador of Ethiopia, His Excellency Marcos Gomez Martinez, Ambassador of Spain, Her Excellency Riasal, how different Ambassador of Estonia and His Excellency Marcelo Vasquez Bermudez, the Ambassador of of Ecuador. For their steadfast support and cooperation throughout this session and for the good work of the Bureau throughout this year. Let me also thank the Division for Conference Management, including the interpreters, who have granted us additional time upon request again and again, the security officers who make sure that we meet in a safe space, and all the other United Nations staff and interns involved in the functioning of the session who They have quietly and consistently worked behind the scenes to make sure that everything that happens on stage will be smooth. I wish to thank my colleagues in the Secretariat and my team in the Office of the President for their constant professional support. They would help me when I stumble on numbers. They would take my hand if I make the wrong turn. then they will help me, direct me in the right direction. Sometimes you see this, sometimes you don't. And above all, I would thank all colleagues, ambassadors, delegations who have shown great support, great patience, decorum, and above all, solidarity with the presiding officer, my colleagues members of the Bureau, and, of course, for myself. Thank you very much. And with this, I am happy to declare closed the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council. Thank you very much.