{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/en/sc/10201","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/en/sc/10201.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1k/k1ksneejyh","kaltura_id":"1_ksneejyh","title":"Strengthening the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes: follow-up to Security Council resolution 2788 (2025) - Security Council, 10201st meeting","clean_title":"Strengthening the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes: follow-up to Security Council resolution 2788 (2025) - Security Council, 10201st meeting","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1k/k1ksneejyh","date":"2026-07-23T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-07-23T14:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"02:56:58","category":"Security Council","body":"Security Council","event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":"S/PV.10201","pv_part":1,"slug":"sc/10201"},"metadata":{"summary":"Open debate in connection with \"Strengthening the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes: follow-up to Security Council resolution 2788 (2025)\" under the agenda item \"Maintenance of international peace and security\" [S/2026/553].","description":"The open debate will seek to:\n(a) Review the implementation of resolution 2788 (2025) and identify best practices for strengthening mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes;\n(b) Explore the diverse ways in which Member States are advancing the pacific settlement of disputes and how they use diplomacy and dialogue to help enhance mutual trust, avoid direct confrontations, ease tensions and resolve conflicts;\n(c) Identify potential gaps in the use of existing Charter-based mechanisms for the pacific settlement of disputes, particularly those included in Articles 33 and 34;\n(d) Consider how the Secretary-General, the Secretariat and regional and subregional organizations can better support peaceful settlement through good offices, impartial convening and mediation support;\n(e) Generate practical recommendations to strengthen the Council's preventive role, build common ground and support peaceful pathways in situations that may endanger international peace and security.","categories":["Meetings & Events","Security Council","Thematic Debate"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["PEACE AND SECURITY","INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY","DIPLOMACY","MEDIATION"],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"Concept note (S/2026/553)","url":"https://docs.un.org/en/S/2026/553?direct=true"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"assemblyai-universal-3-5-pro-ede627f3-4f40-46d9-ac9c-4ff885a608f9","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":3.28,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=4","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The 10,201st meeting of the Security Council is called to order.","start":3.28,"end":8.76,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3.28,"end":3.36},{"text":"10,201st","start":3.52,"end":5.2},{"text":"meeting","start":5.52,"end":5.6},{"text":"of","start":5.92,"end":6},{"text":"the","start":6.08,"end":6.16},{"text":"Security","start":6.4,"end":6.48},{"text":"Council","start":6.8,"end":6.88},{"text":"is","start":7.28,"end":7.36},{"text":"called","start":7.44,"end":7.52},{"text":"to","start":7.68,"end":7.76},{"text":"order.","start":7.76,"end":8.76}]},{"text":"The provisional agenda for this meeting is maintenance of international peace and security, strengthening the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes, follow-up to Security Council Resolution 2788/2025.","start":11.36,"end":26.48,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11.36,"end":11.44},{"text":"provisional","start":11.68,"end":11.92},{"text":"agenda","start":12.16,"end":12.24},{"text":"for","start":12.56,"end":12.64},{"text":"this","start":12.72,"end":12.8},{"text":"meeting","start":12.96,"end":13.04},{"text":"is","start":13.44,"end":13.52},{"text":"maintenance","start":14.32,"end":14.4},{"text":"of","start":14.88,"end":14.96},{"text":"international","start":15.28,"end":15.36},{"text":"peace","start":15.76,"end":15.84},{"text":"and","start":16.08,"end":16.16},{"text":"security,","start":16.48,"end":17.28},{"text":"strengthening","start":17.52,"end":18},{"text":"the","start":18.08,"end":18.16},{"text":"mechanisms","start":18.24,"end":18.32},{"text":"for","start":19.04,"end":19.12},{"text":"the","start":19.2,"end":19.28},{"text":"peaceful","start":19.36,"end":19.44},{"text":"settlement","start":19.84,"end":19.92},{"text":"of","start":20.24,"end":20.32},{"text":"disputes,","start":20.64,"end":21.44},{"text":"follow-up","start":21.68,"end":22},{"text":"to","start":22.24,"end":22.32},{"text":"Security","start":22.64,"end":22.72},{"text":"Council","start":23.04,"end":23.12},{"text":"Resolution","start":23.44,"end":23.76},{"text":"2788/2025.","start":24.48,"end":26.48}]},{"text":"The agenda is adopted.","start":29.15,"end":29.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":29.15,"end":29.23},{"text":"agenda","start":29.39,"end":29.47},{"text":"is","start":29.63,"end":29.71},{"text":"adopted.","start":29.87,"end":29.95}]},{"text":"I would like to warmly welcome the Secretary General and other high-level representatives present in the Security Council chamber.","start":32.83,"end":39.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":32.83,"end":32.91},{"text":"would","start":32.99,"end":33.07},{"text":"like","start":33.23,"end":33.31},{"text":"to","start":33.39,"end":33.47},{"text":"warmly","start":33.55,"end":33.87},{"text":"welcome","start":33.95,"end":34.03},{"text":"the","start":34.35,"end":34.43},{"text":"Secretary","start":34.51,"end":34.59},{"text":"General","start":34.99,"end":35.07},{"text":"and","start":36.03,"end":36.11},{"text":"other","start":36.35,"end":36.43},{"text":"high-level","start":36.75,"end":37.07},{"text":"representatives","start":37.63,"end":37.95},{"text":"present","start":38.19,"end":38.27},{"text":"in","start":38.51,"end":38.59},{"text":"the","start":38.67,"end":38.75},{"text":"Security","start":38.91,"end":38.99},{"text":"Council","start":39.31,"end":39.39},{"text":"chamber.","start":39.71,"end":39.79}]},{"text":"Your presence today underscores the importance of the subject matter under discussion.","start":40.67,"end":44.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":40.67,"end":40.75},{"text":"presence","start":40.91,"end":40.99},{"text":"today","start":41.55,"end":41.63},{"text":"underscores","start":42.27,"end":42.51},{"text":"the","start":42.67,"end":42.75},{"text":"importance","start":42.91,"end":42.99},{"text":"of","start":43.31,"end":43.39},{"text":"the","start":43.39,"end":43.47},{"text":"subject","start":43.55,"end":43.63},{"text":"matter","start":43.95,"end":44.03},{"text":"under","start":44.19,"end":44.27},{"text":"discussion.","start":44.67,"end":44.75}]},{"text":"Before each of you is a list of speakers who have requested to participate in accordance with Rules 37 and 39 of the Council's Provisional Rules of Procedure, as well As the previous practice of the Council in this regard, we propose that they be invited to participate in this meeting.","start":48.27,"end":63.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Before","start":48.27,"end":48.35},{"text":"each","start":48.51,"end":48.59},{"text":"of","start":48.75,"end":48.83},{"text":"you","start":48.99,"end":49.07},{"text":"is","start":49.31,"end":49.39},{"text":"a","start":49.55,"end":49.63},{"text":"list","start":49.79,"end":49.87},{"text":"of","start":49.95,"end":50.11},{"text":"speakers","start":50.27,"end":50.35},{"text":"who","start":50.67,"end":50.75},{"text":"have","start":50.83,"end":50.91},{"text":"requested","start":51.15,"end":51.23},{"text":"to","start":51.63,"end":51.71},{"text":"participate","start":52.27,"end":52.35},{"text":"in","start":52.59,"end":52.67},{"text":"accordance","start":52.83,"end":52.91},{"text":"with","start":53.23,"end":53.31},{"text":"Rules","start":53.39,"end":53.47},{"text":"37","start":53.71,"end":54.11},{"text":"and","start":54.27,"end":54.35},{"text":"39","start":54.83,"end":54.91},{"text":"of","start":55.47,"end":55.55},{"text":"the","start":55.63,"end":55.71},{"text":"Council's","start":55.79,"end":56.19},{"text":"Provisional","start":56.27,"end":56.59},{"text":"Rules","start":56.67,"end":56.75},{"text":"of","start":56.91,"end":56.99},{"text":"Procedure,","start":57.31,"end":57.39},{"text":"as","start":58.03,"end":58.11},{"text":"well","start":58.27,"end":58.35},{"text":"As","start":58.33,"end":58.41},{"text":"the","start":58.57,"end":58.65},{"text":"previous","start":58.73,"end":58.81},{"text":"practice","start":59.13,"end":59.21},{"text":"of","start":59.45,"end":59.53},{"text":"the","start":59.53,"end":59.61},{"text":"Council","start":59.69,"end":59.77},{"text":"in","start":59.93,"end":60.01},{"text":"this","start":60.09,"end":60.17},{"text":"regard,","start":60.41,"end":60.49},{"text":"we","start":61.13,"end":61.21},{"text":"propose","start":61.45,"end":61.53},{"text":"that","start":61.77,"end":61.85},{"text":"they","start":61.85,"end":61.93},{"text":"be","start":62.01,"end":62.09},{"text":"invited","start":62.25,"end":62.33},{"text":"to","start":62.57,"end":62.65},{"text":"participate","start":63.05,"end":63.13},{"text":"in","start":63.45,"end":63.53},{"text":"this","start":63.61,"end":63.69},{"text":"meeting.","start":63.85,"end":63.93}]},{"text":"There being no objection, it is so decided.","start":66.33,"end":68.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":66.33,"end":66.41},{"text":"being","start":66.49,"end":66.65},{"text":"no","start":66.73,"end":66.81},{"text":"objection,","start":67.05,"end":67.13},{"text":"it","start":67.77,"end":67.85},{"text":"is","start":67.93,"end":68.01},{"text":"so","start":68.09,"end":68.17},{"text":"decided.","start":68.49,"end":68.57}]},{"text":"The Security Council will now begin its consideration of item 2 of the 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S/2.","start":77.69,"end":84.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":77.69,"end":77.77},{"text":"wish","start":77.93,"end":78.01},{"text":"to","start":78.17,"end":78.25},{"text":"draw","start":78.33,"end":78.41},{"text":"the","start":78.65,"end":78.73},{"text":"attention","start":78.89,"end":78.97},{"text":"of","start":79.21,"end":79.29},{"text":"Council","start":79.45,"end":79.53},{"text":"members","start":80.09,"end":80.17},{"text":"to","start":80.73,"end":80.81},{"text":"document","start":81.05,"end":81.13},{"text":"S/2.","start":82.33,"end":84.01}]},{"text":"2026/553, a letter dated 1 July 2026 from the Permanent Representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the United Nations, addressed to the Secretary-General, transmitting a concept paper on the item under consideration.","start":83.95,"end":99.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"2026/553,","start":83.95,"end":86.67},{"text":"a","start":86.99,"end":87.07},{"text":"letter","start":87.15,"end":87.23},{"text":"dated","start":87.47,"end":87.71},{"text":"1","start":87.87,"end":87.95},{"text":"July","start":88.35,"end":88.43},{"text":"2026","start":89.23,"end":89.31},{"text":"from","start":89.63,"end":89.71},{"text":"the","start":89.79,"end":89.87},{"text":"Permanent","start":89.95,"end":90.27},{"text":"Representative","start":90.43,"end":90.51},{"text":"of","start":90.83,"end":90.91},{"text":"the","start":90.99,"end":91.07},{"text":"Democratic","start":91.31,"end":91.39},{"text":"Republic","start":91.63,"end":91.71},{"text":"of","start":91.87,"end":91.95},{"text":"the","start":92.03,"end":92.11},{"text":"Congo","start":92.19,"end":92.43},{"text":"to","start":92.83,"end":92.91},{"text":"the","start":92.99,"end":93.07},{"text":"United","start":93.23,"end":93.31},{"text":"Nations,","start":93.63,"end":93.71},{"text":"addressed","start":94.35,"end":94.43},{"text":"to","start":94.51,"end":94.59},{"text":"the","start":94.67,"end":94.75},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":94.75,"end":95.75},{"text":"transmitting","start":95.95,"end":96.51},{"text":"a","start":96.75,"end":96.83},{"text":"concept","start":96.91,"end":96.99},{"text":"paper","start":97.39,"end":97.47},{"text":"on","start":97.63,"end":97.71},{"text":"the","start":97.71,"end":97.79},{"text":"item","start":97.87,"end":97.95},{"text":"under","start":98.11,"end":98.19},{"text":"consideration.","start":98.75,"end":99.75}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the Secretary-General, His Excellency, Ms. António Guterres.","start":99.95,"end":104.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":99.95,"end":100.03},{"text":"now","start":100.19,"end":100.27},{"text":"give","start":100.35,"end":100.43},{"text":"the","start":100.51,"end":100.59},{"text":"floor","start":100.75,"end":100.83},{"text":"to","start":101.31,"end":101.39},{"text":"the","start":101.47,"end":101.55},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":101.63,"end":102.27},{"text":"His","start":102.35,"end":102.43},{"text":"Excellency,","start":102.51,"end":102.99},{"text":"Ms.","start":103.07,"end":103.15},{"text":"António","start":103.23,"end":103.47},{"text":"Guterres.","start":103.71,"end":104.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":105.63,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=106","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madame President, I thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Pakistan Thank you, Mr. President, for convening today's open 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these.","start":162.31,"end":166.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":162.31,"end":162.39},{"text":"other","start":162.55,"end":162.63},{"text":"words,","start":162.79,"end":162.87},{"text":"they","start":163.59,"end":163.67},{"text":"were","start":163.75,"end":163.83},{"text":"designed","start":164.15,"end":164.23},{"text":"for","start":164.63,"end":164.71},{"text":"times","start":164.79,"end":164.87},{"text":"like","start":165.19,"end":165.27},{"text":"these.","start":165.51,"end":166.51}]},{"text":"Madam President, Excellencies, today conflicts are increasing in number, complexity, length and scope.","start":167.19,"end":173.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":167.19,"end":167.27},{"text":"President,","start":167.67,"end":167.75},{"text":"Excellencies,","start":168.15,"end":169.15},{"text":"today","start":169.75,"end":169.83},{"text":"conflicts","start":170.07,"end":170.47},{"text":"are","start":170.47,"end":170.55},{"text":"increasing","start":170.79,"end":170.87},{"text":"in","start":171.11,"end":171.19},{"text":"number,","start":171.27,"end":171.35},{"text":"complexity,","start":171.91,"end":171.99},{"text":"length","start":172.55,"end":172.63},{"text":"and","start":172.79,"end":172.87},{"text":"scope.","start":173.11,"end":173.99}]},{"text":"We see an alarming disregard for international law.","start":174.15,"end":177.27,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":174.15,"end":174.23},{"text":"see","start":174.31,"end":174.39},{"text":"an","start":174.47,"end":174.55},{"text":"alarming","start":174.71,"end":174.95},{"text":"disregard","start":175.43,"end":175.51},{"text":"for","start":175.75,"end":175.83},{"text":"international","start":176.15,"end":176.23},{"text":"law.","start":176.63,"end":177.27}]},{"text":"Impunity is spreading.","start":177.67,"end":178.87,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Impunity","start":177.67,"end":177.91},{"text":"is","start":178.07,"end":178.15},{"text":"spreading.","start":178.39,"end":178.87}]},{"text":"Violations are going unanswered.","start":179.35,"end":181.31,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Violations","start":179.35,"end":179.43},{"text":"are","start":179.75,"end":179.83},{"text":"going","start":179.91,"end":179.99},{"text":"unanswered.","start":180.31,"end":181.31}]},{"text":"Each violation unanswered becomes the next violation's precedent.","start":181.59,"end":186.31,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Each","start":181.59,"end":181.67},{"text":"violation","start":182.23,"end":182.31},{"text":"unanswered","start":182.87,"end":183.19},{"text":"becomes","start":183.75,"end":183.83},{"text":"the","start":184.15,"end":184.23},{"text":"next","start":184.23,"end":184.31},{"text":"violation's","start":184.79,"end":184.87},{"text":"precedent.","start":185.43,"end":186.31}]},{"text":"Trust is eroding.","start":186.55,"end":187.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Trust","start":186.55,"end":186.63},{"text":"is","start":187.03,"end":187.11},{"text":"eroding.","start":187.19,"end":187.91}]},{"text":"And negotiated settlements are becoming harder to reach and maintain.","start":188.27,"end":192.87,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":188.27,"end":188.35},{"text":"negotiated","start":188.59,"end":188.83},{"text":"settlements","start":189.15,"end":189.55},{"text":"are","start":189.63,"end":189.71},{"text":"becoming","start":189.95,"end":190.03},{"text":"harder","start":190.27,"end":190.35},{"text":"to","start":190.67,"end":190.75},{"text":"reach","start":190.83,"end":190.91},{"text":"and","start":191.31,"end":191.39},{"text":"maintain.","start":191.87,"end":192.87}]},{"text":"When parties prioritize military solutions over negotiated settlements, civilians pay the heaviest toll.","start":193.23,"end":200.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":193.23,"end":193.31},{"text":"parties","start":193.55,"end":193.63},{"text":"prioritize","start":193.95,"end":194.11},{"text":"military","start":194.59,"end":194.67},{"text":"solutions","start":195.23,"end":195.31},{"text":"over","start":195.63,"end":195.71},{"text":"negotiated","start":195.95,"end":196.03},{"text":"settlements,","start":196.51,"end":196.91},{"text":"civilians","start":197.79,"end":198.11},{"text":"pay","start":198.35,"end":198.43},{"text":"the","start":198.59,"end":198.67},{"text":"heaviest","start":198.75,"end":199.07},{"text":"toll.","start":199.23,"end":200.23}]},{"text":"We see this on full display in the Middle East, with devastating consequences in the region and across the globe.","start":200.67,"end":206.91,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":200.67,"end":200.75},{"text":"see","start":200.91,"end":200.99},{"text":"this","start":200.99,"end":201.07},{"text":"on","start":201.23,"end":201.31},{"text":"full","start":201.47,"end":201.55},{"text":"display","start":201.87,"end":201.95},{"text":"in","start":202.03,"end":202.11},{"text":"the","start":202.11,"end":202.19},{"text":"Middle","start":202.27,"end":202.35},{"text":"East,","start":202.51,"end":202.59},{"text":"with","start":202.91,"end":202.99},{"text":"devastating","start":203.15,"end":203.55},{"text":"consequences","start":203.79,"end":203.87},{"text":"in","start":204.51,"end":204.59},{"text":"the","start":204.59,"end":204.75},{"text":"region","start":204.75,"end":204.83},{"text":"and","start":205.23,"end":205.31},{"text":"across","start":205.55,"end":205.63},{"text":"the","start":205.71,"end":205.79},{"text":"globe.","start":205.95,"end":206.91}]},{"text":"The situation is getting out of control.","start":207.07,"end":209.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":207.07,"end":207.15},{"text":"situation","start":207.47,"end":207.55},{"text":"is","start":207.71,"end":207.87},{"text":"getting","start":207.95,"end":208.03},{"text":"out","start":208.59,"end":208.67},{"text":"of","start":208.75,"end":208.83},{"text":"control.","start":209.23,"end":209.31}]},{"text":"It is teetering on the edge of the unimaginable.","start":210.19,"end":212.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":210.19,"end":210.27},{"text":"is","start":210.35,"end":210.43},{"text":"teetering","start":210.51,"end":210.83},{"text":"on","start":210.99,"end":211.07},{"text":"the","start":211.15,"end":211.23},{"text":"edge","start":211.31,"end":211.47},{"text":"of","start":211.71,"end":211.79},{"text":"the","start":211.87,"end":211.95},{"text":"unimaginable.","start":211.95,"end":212.95}]},{"text":"The region is being pulled into an ever-widening circle of confrontation.","start":213.8,"end":217.16,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":213.8,"end":213.88},{"text":"region","start":213.96,"end":214.04},{"text":"is","start":214.2,"end":214.28},{"text":"being","start":214.44,"end":214.52},{"text":"pulled","start":214.76,"end":214.84},{"text":"into","start":215.16,"end":215.24},{"text":"an","start":215.24,"end":215.32},{"text":"ever-widening","start":215.4,"end":216.04},{"text":"circle","start":216.2,"end":216.28},{"text":"of","start":216.52,"end":216.6},{"text":"confrontation.","start":216.84,"end":217.16}]},{"text":"One crisis feeds another.","start":218.36,"end":219.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"One","start":218.36,"end":218.44},{"text":"crisis","start":218.68,"end":218.76},{"text":"feeds","start":219.16,"end":219.32},{"text":"another.","start":219.48,"end":219.56}]},{"text":"One escalation triggers the next.","start":220.52,"end":222.2,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"One","start":220.52,"end":220.6},{"text":"escalation","start":220.76,"end":221.08},{"text":"triggers","start":221.56,"end":221.88},{"text":"the","start":221.96,"end":222.04},{"text":"next.","start":222.12,"end":222.2}]},{"text":"As this dynamic spreads, the political objectives are becoming increasingly obscured by the confrontation itself.","start":223.32,"end":229.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":223.32,"end":223.4},{"text":"this","start":223.56,"end":223.64},{"text":"dynamic","start":223.96,"end":224.04},{"text":"spreads,","start":224.44,"end":224.68},{"text":"the","start":224.84,"end":224.92},{"text":"political","start":225,"end":225.16},{"text":"objectives","start":225.56,"end":225.64},{"text":"are","start":225.88,"end":225.96},{"text":"becoming","start":226.2,"end":226.28},{"text":"increasingly","start":226.68,"end":226.76},{"text":"obscured","start":227.48,"end":227.64},{"text":"by","start":228.12,"end":228.2},{"text":"the","start":228.28,"end":228.36},{"text":"confrontation","start":228.6,"end":228.92},{"text":"itself.","start":229.56,"end":229.64}]},{"text":"It's time to step back.","start":230.68,"end":231.88,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":230.68,"end":230.92},{"text":"time","start":230.92,"end":231.08},{"text":"to","start":231.24,"end":231.32},{"text":"step","start":231.48,"end":231.56},{"text":"back.","start":231.8,"end":231.88}]},{"text":"Attacks on civilian infrastructure are unacceptable.","start":232.76,"end":235,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Attacks","start":232.76,"end":233},{"text":"on","start":233.16,"end":233.24},{"text":"civilian","start":233.48,"end":233.56},{"text":"infrastructure","start":234.12,"end":234.2},{"text":"are","start":234.52,"end":234.6},{"text":"unacceptable.","start":234.6,"end":235}]},{"text":"There is no military solution to the conflict.","start":235.96,"end":237.88,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":235.96,"end":236.04},{"text":"is","start":236.12,"end":236.2},{"text":"no","start":236.36,"end":236.44},{"text":"military","start":236.52,"end":236.6},{"text":"solution","start":237.16,"end":237.24},{"text":"to","start":237.48,"end":237.56},{"text":"the","start":237.56,"end":237.64},{"text":"conflict.","start":237.8,"end":237.88}]},{"text":"Fighting must stop.","start":238.92,"end":239.88,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"Fighting","start":238.92,"end":239},{"text":"must","start":239.4,"end":239.48},{"text":"stop.","start":239.8,"end":239.88}]},{"text":"Everywhere in the region.","start":240.68,"end":241.88,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"Everywhere","start":240.68,"end":240.76},{"text":"in","start":240.84,"end":241},{"text":"the","start":241,"end":241.08},{"text":"region.","start":241.16,"end":241.88}]},{"text":"And international navigational rights and freedoms in and around the Strait of Hormuz and Bab-el-Mandeb must be fully restored.","start":241.96,"end":249.72,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":241.96,"end":242.04},{"text":"international","start":242.52,"end":242.6},{"text":"navigational","start":243.16,"end":243.24},{"text":"rights","start":243.56,"end":243.64},{"text":"and","start":243.8,"end":243.88},{"text":"freedoms","start":244.04,"end":244.36},{"text":"in","start":244.68,"end":244.76},{"text":"and","start":244.84,"end":244.92},{"text":"around","start":245.08,"end":245.16},{"text":"the","start":245.32,"end":245.4},{"text":"Strait","start":245.56,"end":245.64},{"text":"of","start":245.72,"end":245.8},{"text":"Hormuz","start":245.88,"end":245.96},{"text":"and","start":246.36,"end":246.44},{"text":"Bab-el-Mandeb","start":246.52,"end":247.32},{"text":"must","start":247.8,"end":247.88},{"text":"be","start":248.12,"end":248.2},{"text":"fully","start":248.28,"end":248.36},{"text":"restored.","start":248.92,"end":249.72}]},{"text":"Diplomacy is the only way forward.","start":250.12,"end":252.88,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":682.83,"end":682.91},{"text":"attempt","start":683.15,"end":683.23},{"text":"at","start":683.47,"end":683.55},{"text":"dialogue","start":683.63,"end":683.71},{"text":"is","start":684.19,"end":684.27},{"text":"futile.","start":684.35,"end":684.67}]},{"text":"By taking steps towards the peaceful settlement of disputes, Member States are building trust and enhancing the space for the UN's vital political engagement, as well as the participation of regional and multilateral organizations and coalitions.","start":685.63,"end":701.95,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":716.05,"end":716.13},{"text":"President,","start":716.45,"end":717.45},{"text":"the","start":718.21,"end":718.29},{"text":"United","start":718.93,"end":719.01},{"text":"Nations","start":719.17,"end":719.25},{"text":"Charter","start":719.57,"end":719.89},{"text":"remains","start":720.29,"end":720.37},{"text":"humanity's","start":720.69,"end":721.17},{"text":"best","start":721.25,"end":721.33},{"text":"hope","start":721.49,"end":721.57},{"text":"for","start":721.81,"end":721.89},{"text":"peace,","start":721.97,"end":722.97},{"text":"but","start":723.49,"end":723.57},{"text":"it","start":723.65,"end":723.73},{"text":"is","start":723.81,"end":723.89},{"text":"only","start":723.89,"end":723.97},{"text":"as","start":724.13,"end":724.21},{"text":"strong","start":724.37,"end":724.45},{"text":"as","start":724.61,"end":724.69},{"text":"the","start":724.77,"end":724.85},{"text":"commitment","start":725.01,"end":725.17},{"text":"of","start":725.41,"end":725.49},{"text":"those","start":725.65,"end":725.73},{"text":"responsible","start":726.13,"end":726.21},{"text":"for","start":726.61,"end":726.69},{"text":"upholding","start":726.69,"end":727.17},{"text":"it.","start":727.25,"end":727.65}]},{"text":"The members of this Council must lead by example.","start":728.06,"end":732.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":728.06,"end":728.14},{"text":"members","start":728.22,"end":728.3},{"text":"of","start":728.54,"end":728.62},{"text":"this","start":728.7,"end":728.78},{"text":"Council","start":728.94,"end":729.02},{"text":"must","start":729.82,"end":729.9},{"text":"lead","start":730.46,"end":730.54},{"text":"by","start":730.7,"end":730.78},{"text":"example.","start":731.02,"end":732.02}]},{"text":"Geopolitical divisions are not a reason for inaction or abdication.","start":732.46,"end":737.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Geopolitical","start":732.46,"end":733.18},{"text":"divisions","start":733.42,"end":733.66},{"text":"are","start":734.38,"end":734.46},{"text":"not","start":734.54,"end":734.62},{"text":"a","start":734.7,"end":734.78},{"text":"reason","start":734.94,"end":735.02},{"text":"for","start":735.58,"end":735.66},{"text":"inaction","start":735.98,"end":736.22},{"text":"or","start":736.7,"end":736.78},{"text":"abdication.","start":736.94,"end":737.34}]},{"text":"Most situations on the Council's agenda are complex.","start":738.38,"end":741.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Most","start":738.38,"end":738.46},{"text":"situations","start":739.1,"end":739.18},{"text":"on","start":739.58,"end":739.66},{"text":"the","start":739.74,"end":739.82},{"text":"Council's","start":739.9,"end":740.3},{"text":"agenda","start":740.38,"end":740.46},{"text":"are","start":740.86,"end":740.94},{"text":"complex.","start":741.18,"end":741.98}]},{"text":"The best path to peace is through compromise and finding common ground.","start":742.22,"end":748.18,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":742.22,"end":742.3},{"text":"best","start":742.38,"end":742.46},{"text":"path","start":742.7,"end":742.78},{"text":"to","start":743.1,"end":743.18},{"text":"peace","start":743.26,"end":743.34},{"text":"is","start":743.74,"end":743.82},{"text":"through","start":744.3,"end":744.38},{"text":"compromise","start":744.94,"end":745.02},{"text":"and","start":745.42,"end":745.5},{"text":"finding","start":745.9,"end":745.98},{"text":"common","start":746.78,"end":746.86},{"text":"ground.","start":747.18,"end":748.18}]},{"text":"I urge all members of this Council, summon the spirit of compromise that is essential to peace, keep the channels of dialogue open, and spare no effort in the pursuit of peaceful settlements of disputes, a founding principle of this organization.","start":748.86,"end":766.19,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale 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you.","start":766.27,"end":767.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":766.27,"end":766.35},{"text":"you.","start":766.51,"end":767.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"António Guterres","affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"SG"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":768.83,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=769","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the Secretary-General for his briefing.","start":768.83,"end":771.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":768.83,"end":768.91},{"text":"thank","start":769.07,"end":769.15},{"text":"the","start":769.39,"end":769.47},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":769.55,"end":770.11},{"text":"for","start":770.43,"end":770.51},{"text":"his","start":770.67,"end":770.75},{"text":"briefing.","start":770.91,"end":771.91}]},{"text":"I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.","start":772.51,"end":781.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":772.51,"end":772.59},{"text":"shall","start":772.67,"end":772.75},{"text":"now","start":772.91,"end":772.99},{"text":"make","start":773.07,"end":773.15},{"text":"a","start":773.23,"end":773.31},{"text":"statement","start":773.39,"end":773.47},{"text":"in","start":773.79,"end":773.87},{"text":"my","start":773.95,"end":774.03},{"text":"capacity","start":774.27,"end":774.35},{"text":"as","start":774.83,"end":774.91},{"text":"the","start":775.23,"end":775.31},{"text":"Minister","start":775.47,"end":775.55},{"text":"for","start":775.95,"end":776.03},{"text":"Foreign","start":776.11,"end":776.35},{"text":"Affairs,","start":776.51,"end":776.59},{"text":"International","start":776.99,"end":777.07},{"text":"Cooperation,","start":777.47,"end":777.55},{"text":"and","start":777.87,"end":777.95},{"text":"Francophonie","start":778.03,"end":778.67},{"text":"of","start":779.55,"end":779.63},{"text":"the","start":779.87,"end":779.95},{"text":"Democratic","start":780.35,"end":780.43},{"text":"Republic","start":780.75,"end":780.83},{"text":"of","start":781.15,"end":781.23},{"text":"the","start":781.31,"end":781.39},{"text":"Congo.","start":781.47,"end":781.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":784.1,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=785","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Distinguished members of the Council, Secretary-General, ladies and gentlemen, the Democratic Republic of the Congo is honored to be presiding over this open debate on the strengthening of the peaceful settlement of disputes following up on Resolution 2788.","start":784.1,"end":802.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":784.1,"end":784.42},{"text":"members","start":784.74,"end":784.82},{"text":"of","start":784.98,"end":785.06},{"text":"the","start":785.14,"end":785.22},{"text":"Council,","start":785.3,"end":785.78},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":785.94,"end":786.94},{"text":"ladies","start":787.3,"end":787.38},{"text":"and","start":787.54,"end":787.7},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":787.7,"end":788.26},{"text":"the","start":788.42,"end":788.5},{"text":"Democratic","start":788.82,"end":788.9},{"text":"Republic","start":789.22,"end":789.3},{"text":"of","start":789.38,"end":789.54},{"text":"the","start":789.54,"end":789.62},{"text":"Congo","start":789.7,"end":789.94},{"text":"is","start":790.34,"end":790.42},{"text":"honored","start":790.66,"end":790.9},{"text":"to","start":791.14,"end":791.22},{"text":"be","start":791.3,"end":791.38},{"text":"presiding","start":792.1,"end":792.42},{"text":"over","start":792.58,"end":792.66},{"text":"this","start":792.98,"end":793.06},{"text":"open","start":793.22,"end":793.3},{"text":"debate","start":793.78,"end":793.86},{"text":"on","start":794.9,"end":794.98},{"text":"the","start":795.62,"end":795.7},{"text":"strengthening","start":795.94,"end":796.34},{"text":"of","start":796.66,"end":796.74},{"text":"the","start":796.82,"end":796.9},{"text":"peaceful","start":797.3,"end":797.38},{"text":"settlement","start":797.62,"end":797.7},{"text":"of","start":798.34,"end":798.42},{"text":"disputes","start":798.74,"end":798.98},{"text":"following","start":799.54,"end":799.62},{"text":"up","start":799.86,"end":799.94},{"text":"on","start":800.1,"end":800.18},{"text":"Resolution","start":800.5,"end":800.58},{"text":"2788.","start":801.7,"end":802.1}]},{"text":"I'd like to welcome the Secretary-General, Mr. Antonio Guterres, and to thank him for his unstinting commitment to preventive diplomacy.","start":802.18,"end":808.98,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale 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played a role in adopting Resolution 2788.","start":809.34,"end":817.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":809.34,"end":810.34},{"text":"I","start":811.02,"end":811.1},{"text":"would","start":811.18,"end":811.26},{"text":"like","start":811.34,"end":811.5},{"text":"to","start":811.5,"end":811.66},{"text":"commend","start":811.74,"end":811.82},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":812.06,"end":812.62},{"text":"who","start":812.62,"end":812.7},{"text":"played","start":812.78,"end":812.86},{"text":"a","start":812.94,"end":813.02},{"text":"role","start":813.1,"end":813.18},{"text":"in","start":813.5,"end":813.58},{"text":"adopting","start":813.9,"end":814.22},{"text":"Resolution","start":814.54,"end":814.62},{"text":"2788.","start":815.1,"end":817.34}]},{"text":"We're grateful for the very successful cooperation we've achieved together with our presidency.","start":817.5,"end":823.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":817.5,"end":817.74},{"text":"grateful","start":817.74,"end":817.9},{"text":"for","start":818.14,"end":818.22},{"text":"the","start":818.38,"end":818.46},{"text":"very","start":818.62,"end":818.7},{"text":"successful","start":818.94,"end":819.02},{"text":"cooperation","start":819.58,"end":819.66},{"text":"we've","start":820.46,"end":820.54},{"text":"achieved","start":821.58,"end":821.66},{"text":"together","start":822.14,"end":822.22},{"text":"with","start":822.3,"end":822.38},{"text":"our","start":822.46,"end":822.54},{"text":"presidency.","start":822.62,"end":823.02}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, our debate comes at a time when conflicts are multiplying, crises are taking root, and geopolitical tensions are intensifying.","start":823.1,"end":830.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":823.1,"end":823.34},{"text":"and","start":823.34,"end":823.42},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":823.5,"end":824.06},{"text":"our","start":824.14,"end":824.22},{"text":"debate","start":824.46,"end":824.54},{"text":"comes","start":824.7,"end":824.78},{"text":"at","start":824.86,"end":824.94},{"text":"a","start":824.94,"end":825.02},{"text":"time","start":825.1,"end":825.18},{"text":"when","start":825.34,"end":825.42},{"text":"conflicts","start":825.5,"end":825.98},{"text":"are","start":826.14,"end":826.22},{"text":"multiplying,","start":826.3,"end":827.02},{"text":"crises","start":827.18,"end":827.5},{"text":"are","start":827.66,"end":827.74},{"text":"taking","start":827.82,"end":827.9},{"text":"root,","start":828.06,"end":828.14},{"text":"and","start":828.38,"end":828.46},{"text":"geopolitical","start":828.46,"end":828.78},{"text":"tensions","start":829.1,"end":829.34},{"text":"are","start":829.42,"end":829.5},{"text":"intensifying.","start":829.66,"end":830.22}]},{"text":"Against this backdrop, the peaceful settlement of disputes is not just an abstract ideal.","start":830.38,"end":834.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":830.38,"end":830.46},{"text":"this","start":830.54,"end":830.62},{"text":"backdrop,","start":830.7,"end":831.02},{"text":"the","start":831.02,"end":831.1},{"text":"peaceful","start":831.18,"end":831.26},{"text":"settlement","start":831.42,"end":831.5},{"text":"of","start":831.82,"end":831.9},{"text":"disputes","start":832.14,"end":832.3},{"text":"is","start":832.3,"end":832.46},{"text":"not","start":832.54,"end":832.62},{"text":"just","start":832.62,"end":832.78},{"text":"an","start":832.78,"end":832.94},{"text":"abstract","start":833.18,"end":833.26},{"text":"ideal.","start":833.58,"end":834.06}]},{"text":"It is one of the foundations of an international order.","start":834.06,"end":837.18,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":834.06,"end":834.14},{"text":"is","start":834.22,"end":834.3},{"text":"one","start":834.46,"end":834.54},{"text":"of","start":834.54,"end":834.62},{"text":"the","start":834.7,"end":834.78},{"text":"foundations","start":835.1,"end":835.34},{"text":"of","start":835.58,"end":835.66},{"text":"an","start":835.82,"end":835.9},{"text":"international","start":836.22,"end":836.3},{"text":"order.","start":836.7,"end":837.18}]},{"text":"The international order established by the UN Charter.","start":837.54,"end":840.18,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":837.54,"end":837.62},{"text":"international","start":837.86,"end":837.94},{"text":"order","start":838.1,"end":838.18},{"text":"established","start":838.42,"end":838.5},{"text":"by","start":838.9,"end":838.98},{"text":"the","start":839.06,"end":839.14},{"text":"UN","start":839.3,"end":839.38},{"text":"Charter.","start":839.62,"end":840.18}]},{"text":"Chapter 6 gives us a host of time-tested instruments: negotiation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, the goods— the good offices of the Secretary-General, and cooperation with regional organizations.","start":840.42,"end":855.22,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Chapter","start":840.42,"end":840.5},{"text":"6","start":841.3,"end":841.38},{"text":"gives","start":842.5,"end":842.58},{"text":"us","start":842.74,"end":842.82},{"text":"a","start":843.86,"end":843.94},{"text":"host","start":844.1,"end":844.18},{"text":"of","start":844.66,"end":844.74},{"text":"time-tested","start":845.54,"end":846.1},{"text":"instruments:","start":846.58,"end":846.9},{"text":"negotiation,","start":847.3,"end":847.62},{"text":"mediation,","start":847.62,"end":848.18},{"text":"conciliation,","start":848.34,"end":848.82},{"text":"arbitration,","start":848.98,"end":849.62},{"text":"judicial","start":849.94,"end":850.02},{"text":"settlement,","start":850.26,"end":850.74},{"text":"the","start":850.74,"end":850.82},{"text":"goods—","start":850.9,"end":851.06},{"text":"the","start":851.38,"end":851.46},{"text":"good","start":851.46,"end":851.54},{"text":"offices","start":851.62,"end":851.7},{"text":"of","start":852.02,"end":852.1},{"text":"the","start":852.1,"end":852.18},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":852.26,"end":852.66},{"text":"and","start":852.98,"end":853.06},{"text":"cooperation","start":853.3,"end":853.38},{"text":"with","start":853.54,"end":853.62},{"text":"regional","start":853.7,"end":853.78},{"text":"organizations.","start":854.5,"end":855.22}]},{"text":"These mechanisms have often been portrayed as ways of putting an end to conflicts, but above all, they are preventive instruments.","start":855.38,"end":862.74,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":855.38,"end":855.46},{"text":"mechanisms","start":855.62,"end":855.7},{"text":"have","start":856.26,"end":856.34},{"text":"often","start":856.58,"end":856.66},{"text":"been","start":856.98,"end":857.06},{"text":"portrayed","start":857.38,"end":857.54},{"text":"as","start":857.7,"end":857.78},{"text":"ways","start":857.94,"end":858.02},{"text":"of","start":858.1,"end":858.18},{"text":"putting","start":858.34,"end":858.42},{"text":"an","start":858.74,"end":858.82},{"text":"end","start":858.9,"end":858.98},{"text":"to","start":859.14,"end":859.22},{"text":"conflicts,","start":859.38,"end":860.02},{"text":"but","start":860.1,"end":860.18},{"text":"above","start":860.42,"end":860.5},{"text":"all,","start":860.58,"end":860.66},{"text":"they","start":860.98,"end":861.06},{"text":"are","start":861.14,"end":861.22},{"text":"preventive","start":861.54,"end":861.78},{"text":"instruments.","start":862.02,"end":862.74}]},{"text":"The primary responsibility is to prevent differences from degenerating, from tensions— for tensions to not take root, and for the recourse to force to never be the way out by default.","start":863.23,"end":876.75,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Preventive","start":877.23,"end":877.31},{"text":"diplomacy","start":877.79,"end":878.19},{"text":"begins","start":878.59,"end":878.67},{"text":"long","start":878.99,"end":879.07},{"text":"before","start":879.31,"end":879.39},{"text":"the","start":879.79,"end":879.87},{"text":"first","start":879.95,"end":880.03},{"text":"gun","start":880.27,"end":880.35},{"text":"is","start":880.51,"end":880.59},{"text":"fired.","start":880.83,"end":880.91}]},{"text":"Preventive diplomacy requires detecting risks, establishing the facts, keeping the channels of dialogue open, creating the conditions for de-escalation, and giving credible alternatives to violence.","start":882.51,"end":891.55,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Preventive","start":882.51,"end":882.67},{"text":"diplomacy","start":882.91,"end":883.23},{"text":"requires","start":883.55,"end":883.63},{"text":"detecting","start":883.95,"end":884.19},{"text":"risks,","start":884.35,"end":884.43},{"text":"establishing","start":884.99,"end":885.07},{"text":"the","start":885.39,"end":885.47},{"text":"facts,","start":885.47,"end":885.55},{"text":"keeping","start":885.87,"end":885.95},{"text":"the","start":886.11,"end":886.19},{"text":"channels","start":886.67,"end":886.75},{"text":"of","start":886.99,"end":887.07},{"text":"dialogue","start":887.15,"end":887.23},{"text":"open,","start":887.47,"end":887.55},{"text":"creating","start":887.79,"end":887.87},{"text":"the","start":888.19,"end":888.27},{"text":"conditions","start":888.43,"end":888.51},{"text":"for","start":888.67,"end":888.75},{"text":"de-escalation,","start":888.83,"end":889.31},{"text":"and","start":889.63,"end":889.71},{"text":"giving","start":889.95,"end":890.03},{"text":"credible","start":890.35,"end":890.43},{"text":"alternatives","start":890.91,"end":891.31},{"text":"to","start":891.39,"end":891.47},{"text":"violence.","start":891.47,"end":891.55}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, we do have the instruments.","start":891.87,"end":893.95,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":891.87,"end":891.95},{"text":"and","start":892.03,"end":892.19},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":892.19,"end":892.27},{"text":"we","start":892.75,"end":892.83},{"text":"do","start":892.99,"end":893.07},{"text":"have","start":893.23,"end":893.31},{"text":"the","start":893.39,"end":893.47},{"text":"instruments.","start":893.63,"end":893.95}]},{"text":"The question is not about whether they exist, but how effective they are.","start":894.38,"end":898.7,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1094.01,"end":1094.09},{"text":"can","start":1094.25,"end":1094.33},{"text":"be","start":1094.33,"end":1094.41},{"text":"achieved","start":1094.57,"end":1094.65},{"text":"by","start":1095.13,"end":1095.21},{"text":"wielding","start":1095.37,"end":1095.69},{"text":"the","start":1095.93,"end":1096.01},{"text":"instruments","start":1096.25,"end":1096.33},{"text":"the","start":1096.65,"end":1096.73},{"text":"Charter","start":1096.89,"end":1096.97},{"text":"makes","start":1097.13,"end":1097.21},{"text":"available","start":1097.37,"end":1097.45},{"text":"to","start":1097.77,"end":1097.85},{"text":"us","start":1097.85,"end":1097.93},{"text":"earlier.","start":1098.73,"end":1099.45}]},{"text":"Second, strengthening the implementation of our decisions.","start":1099.69,"end":1102.89,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Council.","start":1190.41,"end":1192.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1190.41,"end":1190.49},{"text":"resume","start":1190.89,"end":1190.97},{"text":"my","start":1191.13,"end":1191.21},{"text":"function","start":1191.37,"end":1191.45},{"text":"as","start":1191.77,"end":1191.85},{"text":"President","start":1191.93,"end":1192.01},{"text":"of","start":1192.33,"end":1192.41},{"text":"the","start":1192.49,"end":1192.57},{"text":"Council.","start":1192.65,"end":1192.73}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Pakistan.","start":1193.53,"end":1196.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1193.53,"end":1193.61},{"text":"now","start":1193.69,"end":1193.77},{"text":"give","start":1193.93,"end":1194.01},{"text":"the","start":1194.09,"end":1194.17},{"text":"floor","start":1194.33,"end":1194.41},{"text":"to","start":1194.73,"end":1194.81},{"text":"the","start":1195.21,"end":1195.29},{"text":"representative","start":1195.53,"end":1195.61},{"text":"of","start":1195.69,"end":1195.85},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":1195.93,"end":1196.93}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":1198.01,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=1199","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam President.","start":1198.01,"end":1199.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1198.01,"end":1198.09},{"text":"you,","start":1198.17,"end":1198.41},{"text":"Madam","start":1198.41,"end":1198.49},{"text":"President.","start":1198.65,"end":1199.65}]},{"text":"I would like to thank you, Madam Foreign Minister, for convening and for personally presiding over this important debate, and we are very thankful for your most articulate statement.","start":1200.33,"end":1216.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1200.33,"end":1200.41},{"text":"would","start":1200.49,"end":1200.57},{"text":"like","start":1200.65,"end":1200.81},{"text":"to","start":1200.97,"end":1201.05},{"text":"thank","start":1202.01,"end":1202.09},{"text":"you,","start":1202.25,"end":1202.33},{"text":"Madam","start":1202.57,"end":1202.65},{"text":"Foreign","start":1202.89,"end":1202.97},{"text":"Minister,","start":1203.21,"end":1203.29},{"text":"for","start":1203.77,"end":1203.85},{"text":"convening","start":1204.65,"end":1204.89},{"text":"and","start":1205.21,"end":1205.29},{"text":"for","start":1205.69,"end":1205.77},{"text":"personally","start":1206.17,"end":1206.25},{"text":"presiding","start":1207.05,"end":1207.45},{"text":"over","start":1207.61,"end":1207.69},{"text":"this","start":1208.01,"end":1208.09},{"text":"important","start":1208.65,"end":1208.73},{"text":"debate,","start":1209.21,"end":1209.77},{"text":"and","start":1209.85,"end":1209.93},{"text":"we","start":1210.33,"end":1210.41},{"text":"are","start":1210.41,"end":1210.49},{"text":"very","start":1210.57,"end":1210.65},{"text":"thankful","start":1210.89,"end":1210.97},{"text":"for","start":1212.33,"end":1212.41},{"text":"your","start":1212.57,"end":1212.65},{"text":"most","start":1214.25,"end":1214.33},{"text":"articulate","start":1214.73,"end":1214.89},{"text":"statement.","start":1215.61,"end":1216.61}]},{"text":"And I also wish to express Pakistan's Thank you, Mr. President.","start":1217.05,"end":1220.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1217.05,"end":1217.13},{"text":"I","start":1217.21,"end":1217.29},{"text":"also","start":1217.37,"end":1217.45},{"text":"wish","start":1217.77,"end":1217.85},{"text":"to","start":1217.93,"end":1218.09},{"text":"express","start":1218.33,"end":1218.41},{"text":"Pakistan's","start":1218.57,"end":1218.65},{"text":"Thank","start":1219.49,"end":1219.57},{"text":"you,","start":1219.57,"end":1219.65},{"text":"Mr.","start":1219.73,"end":1219.89},{"text":"President.","start":1220.05,"end":1220.13}]},{"text":"I want to express a profound appreciation to the Secretary-General for his leadership, for your fearless upholding of the Charter and its purposes and principles and international law, and particularly here today, Secretary-General, for your thoughtful and practical forward-looking recommendations in follow-up of Resolution 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1348.48,"end":1348.56},{"text":"deficit","start":1348.72,"end":1348.96},{"text":"lies","start":1349.6,"end":1349.68},{"text":"in","start":1350.4,"end":1350.48},{"text":"the","start":1350.56,"end":1350.64},{"text":"delayed,","start":1350.88,"end":1351.76},{"text":"selective,","start":1352.24,"end":1352.48},{"text":"and","start":1352.96,"end":1353.04},{"text":"inconsistent","start":1353.44,"end":1353.68},{"text":"use","start":1354.08,"end":1354.16},{"text":"of","start":1354.4,"end":1354.48},{"text":"these","start":1354.56,"end":1354.64},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":1354.88,"end":1355.68}]},{"text":"We have witnessed that all too often the Council engages only after positions have hardened, trust has collapsed, and narrowed the space for compromise.","start":1356.59,"end":1369.11,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1369.31,"end":1369.39},{"text":"resulting","start":1369.63,"end":1369.71},{"text":"costs","start":1370.03,"end":1370.11},{"text":"are","start":1370.27,"end":1370.35},{"text":"visible","start":1370.51,"end":1370.59},{"text":"in","start":1370.99,"end":1371.07},{"text":"protracted","start":1371.39,"end":1371.63},{"text":"conflicts,","start":1371.87,"end":1372.27},{"text":"unresolved","start":1373.23,"end":1373.87},{"text":"disputes,","start":1374.43,"end":1374.67},{"text":"and","start":1374.99,"end":1375.07},{"text":"situations","start":1375.55,"end":1375.63},{"text":"of","start":1375.95,"end":1376.03},{"text":"foreign","start":1376.11,"end":1376.19},{"text":"occupation","start":1376.83,"end":1376.91},{"text":"where","start":1378.19,"end":1378.27},{"text":"delay","start":1378.83,"end":1378.91},{"text":"entrenches","start":1379.39,"end":1379.63},{"text":"injustice","start":1380.19,"end":1380.27},{"text":"and","start":1381.15,"end":1381.23},{"text":"inaction","start":1381.63,"end":1381.87},{"text":"manifests","start":1382.89,"end":1382.97},{"text":"in","start":1383.53,"end":1383.61},{"text":"acute","start":1384.01,"end":1384.09},{"text":"human","start":1384.57,"end":1384.65},{"text":"suffering.","start":1384.97,"end":1385.97}]},{"text":"And President Pakistan, the principles of Pakistan's foreign policy and diplomatic practice reflect its firm belief in the pacific settlement of disputes.","start":1386.41,"end":1398.53,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1386.41,"end":1386.49},{"text":"President","start":1386.73,"end":1386.81},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":1387.21,"end":1387.29},{"text":"the","start":1388.33,"end":1388.41},{"text":"principles","start":1388.49,"end":1388.57},{"text":"of","start":1389.37,"end":1389.45},{"text":"Pakistan's","start":1389.69,"end":1389.85},{"text":"foreign","start":1390.49,"end":1390.57},{"text":"policy","start":1390.81,"end":1390.89},{"text":"and","start":1391.29,"end":1391.37},{"text":"diplomatic","start":1391.61,"end":1391.85},{"text":"practice","start":1392.17,"end":1392.25},{"text":"reflect","start":1393.93,"end":1394.01},{"text":"its","start":1394.33,"end":1394.41},{"text":"firm","start":1394.73,"end":1394.81},{"text":"belief","start":1395.13,"end":1395.21},{"text":"in","start":1395.69,"end":1395.77},{"text":"the","start":1395.93,"end":1396.01},{"text":"pacific","start":1396.09,"end":1396.33},{"text":"settlement","start":1396.65,"end":1396.73},{"text":"of","start":1397.13,"end":1397.21},{"text":"disputes.","start":1397.53,"end":1398.53}]},{"text":"On the core issue bedeviling peace and stability in South Asia, the longstanding Jammu and Kashmir dispute, Pakistan remains committed to a peaceful settlement in accordance with the numerous resolutions of this Security Council that affirm the principle of self-determination of the Kashmiri people and provided that the final disposition of the state of Jammu and Kashmir will be decided through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite to be conducted under the auspices of the United Nations.","start":1398.97,"end":1434.26,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Together","start":1449.38,"end":1449.46},{"text":"with","start":1449.7,"end":1449.78},{"text":"the","start":1449.94,"end":1450.02},{"text":"brotherly","start":1450.5,"end":1450.82},{"text":"countries","start":1450.98,"end":1451.06},{"text":"and","start":1451.46,"end":1451.54},{"text":"partners,","start":1451.78,"end":1452.5},{"text":"Pakistan","start":1452.58,"end":1452.66},{"text":"continues","start":1453.54,"end":1453.62},{"text":"to","start":1453.94,"end":1454.02},{"text":"play","start":1454.1,"end":1454.18},{"text":"a","start":1454.26,"end":1454.34},{"text":"constructive","start":1454.66,"end":1454.9},{"text":"mediating","start":1455.14,"end":1455.54},{"text":"role","start":1455.78,"end":1455.86},{"text":"between","start":1456.26,"end":1456.42},{"text":"Iran","start":1456.74,"end":1456.82},{"text":"and","start":1457.22,"end":1457.3},{"text":"the","start":1457.38,"end":1457.46},{"text":"United","start":1457.54,"end":1457.62},{"text":"States,","start":1458.02,"end":1458.98},{"text":"facilitating","start":1459.38,"end":1459.7},{"text":"engagement.","start":1460.26,"end":1460.98}]},{"text":"That culminated in the Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding and the initiation of subsequent negotiations.","start":1461.25,"end":1469.33,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Channels","start":1477.17,"end":1477.49},{"text":"were","start":1477.65,"end":1477.73},{"text":"opened,","start":1477.81,"end":1478.77},{"text":"parties","start":1479.01,"end":1479.09},{"text":"were","start":1479.49,"end":1479.57},{"text":"brought","start":1479.89,"end":1479.97},{"text":"together,","start":1480.37,"end":1480.85},{"text":"precious","start":1481.09,"end":1481.17},{"text":"lives","start":1481.57,"end":1481.65},{"text":"were","start":1481.97,"end":1482.05},{"text":"saved,","start":1482.21,"end":1483.17},{"text":"and","start":1483.25,"end":1483.33},{"text":"all","start":1483.57,"end":1483.65},{"text":"efforts","start":1483.81,"end":1483.89},{"text":"redirected","start":1484.37,"end":1485.01},{"text":"towards","start":1485.25,"end":1485.33},{"text":"dialogue.","start":1485.73,"end":1486.53}]},{"text":"We regret the renewed outbreak of hostilities and the interruption of the diplomatic process, which has once again exposed the region and the wider world to grave risks.","start":1487.26,"end":1499.58,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1499.74,"end":1499.82},{"text":"earnestly","start":1500.54,"end":1500.62},{"text":"hope","start":1501.18,"end":1501.26},{"text":"that","start":1502.3,"end":1502.38},{"text":"all","start":1502.54,"end":1502.62},{"text":"parties","start":1502.78,"end":1502.86},{"text":"will","start":1503.18,"end":1503.26},{"text":"exercise","start":1503.74,"end":1503.82},{"text":"restraint","start":1504.3,"end":1504.46},{"text":"and","start":1504.94,"end":1505.02},{"text":"return","start":1505.42,"end":1505.5},{"text":"soon","start":1505.9,"end":1505.98},{"text":"to","start":1506.22,"end":1506.3},{"text":"the","start":1506.38,"end":1506.46},{"text":"negotiating","start":1506.46,"end":1506.94},{"text":"table","start":1507.26,"end":1507.34},{"text":"to","start":1508.22,"end":1508.3},{"text":"pursue","start":1508.62,"end":1508.7},{"text":"a","start":1508.94,"end":1509.02},{"text":"durable","start":1509.18,"end":1509.26},{"text":"settlement","start":1509.66,"end":1509.74},{"text":"and","start":1510.22,"end":1510.3},{"text":"lasting","start":1510.46,"end":1510.78},{"text":"peace.","start":1510.94,"end":1511.5}]},{"text":"Negotiations falter, the answer is not in less but more determined diplomacy.","start":1514.89,"end":1521.05,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Negotiations","start":1514.89,"end":1514.97},{"text":"falter,","start":1515.45,"end":1515.53},{"text":"the","start":1516.17,"end":1516.25},{"text":"answer","start":1516.25,"end":1516.33},{"text":"is","start":1516.81,"end":1516.89},{"text":"not","start":1517.13,"end":1517.21},{"text":"in","start":1517.77,"end":1517.85},{"text":"less","start":1518.01,"end":1518.09},{"text":"but","start":1518.89,"end":1518.97},{"text":"more","start":1519.53,"end":1519.61},{"text":"determined","start":1520.09,"end":1520.17},{"text":"diplomacy.","start":1520.73,"end":1521.05}]},{"text":"Pakistan will continue its earnest efforts in that spirit.","start":1521.37,"end":1524.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Pakistan","start":1521.37,"end":1521.45},{"text":"will","start":1521.85,"end":1521.93},{"text":"continue","start":1522.17,"end":1522.25},{"text":"its","start":1522.41,"end":1522.57},{"text":"earnest","start":1522.73,"end":1522.81},{"text":"efforts","start":1523.21,"end":1523.29},{"text":"in","start":1523.61,"end":1523.69},{"text":"that","start":1523.77,"end":1523.85},{"text":"spirit.","start":1524.09,"end":1524.17}]},{"text":"Madam President, Secretary-General, complementing these SG's recommendations, we would like to propose the following focused measures to ensure implementation of Resolution 2788.","start":1525.37,"end":1538.09,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1525.37,"end":1525.45},{"text":"President,","start":1525.69,"end":1525.77},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":1526.81,"end":1527.45},{"text":"complementing","start":1527.93,"end":1528.65},{"text":"these","start":1528.89,"end":1528.97},{"text":"SG's","start":1529.45,"end":1529.93},{"text":"recommendations,","start":1530.57,"end":1530.65},{"text":"we","start":1531.05,"end":1531.13},{"text":"would","start":1531.21,"end":1531.29},{"text":"like","start":1531.37,"end":1531.45},{"text":"to","start":1531.61,"end":1531.69},{"text":"propose","start":1531.93,"end":1532.01},{"text":"the","start":1532.17,"end":1532.25},{"text":"following","start":1532.33,"end":1532.49},{"text":"focused","start":1532.89,"end":1532.97},{"text":"measures","start":1533.37,"end":1533.45},{"text":"to","start":1534.49,"end":1534.65},{"text":"ensure","start":1534.89,"end":1535.05},{"text":"implementation","start":1535.93,"end":1536.01},{"text":"of","start":1536.33,"end":1536.41},{"text":"Resolution","start":1536.73,"end":1536.81},{"text":"2788.","start":1537.45,"end":1538.09}]},{"text":"First, The Council should engage at the earliest signs of friction, not when a crisis has already erupted.","start":1538.73,"end":1546.18,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":1538.73,"end":1539.21},{"text":"The","start":1539.62,"end":1539.7},{"text":"Council","start":1539.86,"end":1539.94},{"text":"should","start":1540.42,"end":1540.5},{"text":"engage","start":1540.82,"end":1540.9},{"text":"at","start":1541.14,"end":1541.22},{"text":"the","start":1541.3,"end":1541.38},{"text":"earliest","start":1541.46,"end":1541.54},{"text":"signs","start":1541.94,"end":1542.02},{"text":"of","start":1542.34,"end":1542.42},{"text":"friction,","start":1542.58,"end":1543.46},{"text":"not","start":1543.7,"end":1543.78},{"text":"when","start":1544.02,"end":1544.1},{"text":"a","start":1544.18,"end":1544.26},{"text":"crisis","start":1544.42,"end":1544.5},{"text":"has","start":1544.82,"end":1544.9},{"text":"already","start":1545.14,"end":1545.3},{"text":"erupted.","start":1545.54,"end":1546.18}]},{"text":"It should encourage direct communication, restraint, and practical confidence-building measures including hotlines, deconfliction arrangements, transparency measures, humanitarian gestures, and commitments to avoid inflammatory rhetoric.","start":1546.26,"end":1563.86,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1546.26,"end":1546.34},{"text":"should","start":1546.5,"end":1546.58},{"text":"encourage","start":1546.9,"end":1546.98},{"text":"direct","start":1547.46,"end":1547.54},{"text":"communication,","start":1548.1,"end":1549.06},{"text":"restraint,","start":1549.54,"end":1549.7},{"text":"and","start":1550.02,"end":1550.1},{"text":"practical","start":1550.34,"end":1550.42},{"text":"confidence-building","start":1551.14,"end":1551.78},{"text":"measures","start":1552.18,"end":1552.26},{"text":"including","start":1552.98,"end":1553.06},{"text":"hotlines,","start":1553.54,"end":1554.42},{"text":"deconfliction","start":1554.58,"end":1555.38},{"text":"arrangements,","start":1555.62,"end":1556.62},{"text":"transparency","start":1557.22,"end":1557.3},{"text":"measures,","start":1557.7,"end":1557.78},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1558.82,"end":1558.98},{"text":"gestures,","start":1559.3,"end":1559.62},{"text":"and","start":1560.34,"end":1560.42},{"text":"commitments","start":1560.74,"end":1561.06},{"text":"to","start":1561.3,"end":1561.38},{"text":"avoid","start":1561.62,"end":1561.7},{"text":"inflammatory","start":1562.26,"end":1562.58},{"text":"rhetoric.","start":1563.14,"end":1563.86}]},{"text":"Second, The Council should establish structured follow-up for the implementation of its resolutions.","start":1564.1,"end":1570.27,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":1564.1,"end":1564.74},{"text":"The","start":1565.07,"end":1565.15},{"text":"Council","start":1565.23,"end":1565.31},{"text":"should","start":1565.71,"end":1565.79},{"text":"establish","start":1566.11,"end":1566.19},{"text":"structured","start":1566.99,"end":1567.31},{"text":"follow-up","start":1567.55,"end":1567.87},{"text":"for","start":1568.19,"end":1568.27},{"text":"the","start":1568.35,"end":1568.51},{"text":"implementation","start":1568.99,"end":1569.07},{"text":"of","start":1569.31,"end":1569.39},{"text":"its","start":1569.47,"end":1569.63},{"text":"resolutions.","start":1570.03,"end":1570.27}]},{"text":"Where a dispute remains unresolved or a relevant resolution remains unimplemented, the Council should receive periodic assessments, identify obstacles, call upon the parties to select appropriate peaceful means, and support a time-bound diplomatic process.","start":1571.31,"end":1588.99,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":1571.31,"end":1571.39},{"text":"a","start":1571.47,"end":1571.55},{"text":"dispute","start":1571.87,"end":1571.95},{"text":"remains","start":1572.27,"end":1572.35},{"text":"unresolved","start":1572.59,"end":1573.15},{"text":"or","start":1573.71,"end":1573.79},{"text":"a","start":1573.87,"end":1573.95},{"text":"relevant","start":1574.03,"end":1574.19},{"text":"resolution","start":1574.75,"end":1574.83},{"text":"remains","start":1575.23,"end":1575.39},{"text":"unimplemented,","start":1575.71,"end":1576.51},{"text":"the","start":1577.23,"end":1577.31},{"text":"Council","start":1577.47,"end":1577.55},{"text":"should","start":1577.87,"end":1577.95},{"text":"receive","start":1578.27,"end":1578.35},{"text":"periodic","start":1578.59,"end":1579.07},{"text":"assessments,","start":1579.31,"end":1579.63},{"text":"identify","start":1580.75,"end":1580.83},{"text":"obstacles,","start":1581.07,"end":1581.63},{"text":"call","start":1582.59,"end":1582.67},{"text":"upon","start":1582.91,"end":1582.99},{"text":"the","start":1583.07,"end":1583.23},{"text":"parties","start":1583.31,"end":1583.39},{"text":"to","start":1583.71,"end":1583.79},{"text":"select","start":1584.03,"end":1584.11},{"text":"appropriate","start":1584.51,"end":1584.59},{"text":"peaceful","start":1584.99,"end":1585.07},{"text":"means,","start":1585.47,"end":1585.55},{"text":"and","start":1586.27,"end":1586.35},{"text":"support","start":1586.99,"end":1587.07},{"text":"a","start":1587.39,"end":1587.47},{"text":"time-bound","start":1587.63,"end":1587.95},{"text":"diplomatic","start":1588.35,"end":1588.59},{"text":"process.","start":1588.91,"end":1588.99}]},{"text":"A Council resolution must not mark the end of the Council's engagement.","start":1589.95,"end":1593.79,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1595.18,"end":1595.26},{"text":"must","start":1595.5,"end":1595.58},{"text":"initiate","start":1595.98,"end":1596.06},{"text":"an","start":1597.26,"end":1597.34},{"text":"accountable","start":1597.66,"end":1598.14},{"text":"implementation","start":1598.7,"end":1598.78},{"text":"that","start":1599.18,"end":1599.26},{"text":"should","start":1599.42,"end":1599.5},{"text":"lead","start":1599.66,"end":1599.74},{"text":"to","start":1599.9,"end":1599.98},{"text":"resolution","start":1600.38,"end":1600.46},{"text":"of","start":1600.78,"end":1600.86},{"text":"that","start":1601.02,"end":1601.1},{"text":"conflict.","start":1601.34,"end":1601.42}]},{"text":"Third, in an age of competing narratives, facts are not merely a procedural requirement.","start":1602.3,"end":1609.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":1602.3,"end":1602.38},{"text":"in","start":1603.42,"end":1603.5},{"text":"an","start":1603.58,"end":1603.66},{"text":"age","start":1603.74,"end":1603.82},{"text":"of","start":1603.98,"end":1604.14},{"text":"competing","start":1604.54,"end":1604.62},{"text":"narratives,","start":1604.94,"end":1605.42},{"text":"facts","start":1605.74,"end":1605.9},{"text":"are","start":1606.06,"end":1606.14},{"text":"not","start":1606.38,"end":1606.46},{"text":"merely","start":1606.62,"end":1606.7},{"text":"a","start":1607.18,"end":1607.26},{"text":"procedural","start":1607.5,"end":1607.9},{"text":"requirement.","start":1608.22,"end":1609.22}]},{"text":"The Council should make early and effective use of Article 34.","start":1609.42,"end":1613.34,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Impartial","start":1614.46,"end":1614.94},{"text":"inquiry,","start":1615.26,"end":1615.34},{"text":"discreet","start":1615.74,"end":1616.22},{"text":"fact-finding,","start":1616.54,"end":1616.94},{"text":"technical","start":1617.82,"end":1617.9},{"text":"assessment,","start":1618.62,"end":1619.58},{"text":"and","start":1619.75,"end":1619.83},{"text":"reporting","start":1620.07,"end":1620.15},{"text":"by","start":1620.47,"end":1620.55},{"text":"the","start":1620.63,"end":1620.71},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":1620.87,"end":1621.43},{"text":"can","start":1621.75,"end":1621.83},{"text":"establish","start":1622.07,"end":1622.15},{"text":"a","start":1622.47,"end":1622.55},{"text":"credible","start":1622.71,"end":1623.03},{"text":"understanding","start":1623.59,"end":1623.67},{"text":"of","start":1624.23,"end":1624.31},{"text":"events,","start":1624.71,"end":1624.79},{"text":"counter","start":1625.43,"end":1625.51},{"text":"disinformation,","start":1625.91,"end":1626.47},{"text":"reduce","start":1627.67,"end":1627.75},{"text":"miscalculation,","start":1627.99,"end":1628.71},{"text":"and","start":1629.59,"end":1629.67},{"text":"provide","start":1629.99,"end":1630.07},{"text":"an","start":1630.23,"end":1630.31},{"text":"objective","start":1630.71,"end":1630.79},{"text":"basis","start":1631.11,"end":1631.19},{"text":"for","start":1631.67,"end":1631.75},{"text":"diplomacy.","start":1632.07,"end":1632.79}]},{"text":"Fourth, the Charter's mechanisms must not remain an abstract catalogue of possibilities.","start":1633.03,"end":1639.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":1633.03,"end":1633.51},{"text":"the","start":1633.59,"end":1633.67},{"text":"Charter's","start":1633.83,"end":1634.23},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1634.23,"end":1634.31},{"text":"must","start":1635.03,"end":1635.11},{"text":"not","start":1635.27,"end":1635.35},{"text":"remain","start":1635.67,"end":1635.75},{"text":"an","start":1635.91,"end":1635.99},{"text":"abstract","start":1636.39,"end":1636.47},{"text":"catalogue","start":1637.27,"end":1637.67},{"text":"of","start":1637.91,"end":1637.99},{"text":"possibilities.","start":1638.15,"end":1639.15}]},{"text":"They must become readily available options for timely action.","start":1639.43,"end":1643.83,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":1639.43,"end":1639.51},{"text":"must","start":1639.67,"end":1639.75},{"text":"become","start":1640.07,"end":1640.15},{"text":"readily","start":1640.55,"end":1640.63},{"text":"available","start":1641.11,"end":1641.19},{"text":"options","start":1641.67,"end":1641.75},{"text":"for","start":1642.23,"end":1642.31},{"text":"timely","start":1642.47,"end":1642.79},{"text":"action.","start":1642.87,"end":1643.83}]},{"text":"The Secretariat should develop a practical Chapter VI toolkit It should enable the Council to match the nature of a dispute with the appropriate— the most appropriate peaceful means for settlement.","start":1644.07,"end":1656.72,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1644.07,"end":1644.15},{"text":"Secretariat","start":1644.23,"end":1644.63},{"text":"should","start":1645.03,"end":1645.11},{"text":"develop","start":1645.27,"end":1645.35},{"text":"a","start":1645.67,"end":1645.75},{"text":"practical","start":1645.83,"end":1645.91},{"text":"Chapter","start":1646.55,"end":1646.63},{"text":"VI","start":1646.95,"end":1647.03},{"text":"toolkit","start":1647.35,"end":1647.75},{"text":"It","start":1648.72,"end":1648.8},{"text":"should","start":1648.88,"end":1648.96},{"text":"enable","start":1649.2,"end":1649.28},{"text":"the","start":1649.52,"end":1649.6},{"text":"Council","start":1649.68,"end":1649.76},{"text":"to","start":1650.16,"end":1650.24},{"text":"match","start":1650.4,"end":1650.48},{"text":"the","start":1650.88,"end":1650.96},{"text":"nature","start":1651.12,"end":1651.2},{"text":"of","start":1651.6,"end":1651.68},{"text":"a","start":1651.68,"end":1651.76},{"text":"dispute","start":1652.08,"end":1652.16},{"text":"with","start":1652.48,"end":1652.56},{"text":"the","start":1652.56,"end":1652.64},{"text":"appropriate—","start":1652.88,"end":1652.96},{"text":"the","start":1654.08,"end":1654.16},{"text":"most","start":1654.32,"end":1654.4},{"text":"appropriate","start":1654.8,"end":1654.88},{"text":"peaceful","start":1655.44,"end":1655.52},{"text":"means","start":1656,"end":1656.08},{"text":"for","start":1656.4,"end":1656.48},{"text":"settlement.","start":1656.64,"end":1656.72}]},{"text":"Fifth, stronger political and material support must be provided to the Secretary-General's good offices and the impartial role of the Secretariat.","start":1657.76,"end":1667.2,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Fifth,","start":1657.76,"end":1658.08},{"text":"stronger","start":1658.8,"end":1658.88},{"text":"political","start":1659.2,"end":1659.36},{"text":"and","start":1659.76,"end":1659.84},{"text":"material","start":1660.08,"end":1660.16},{"text":"support","start":1660.56,"end":1660.64},{"text":"must","start":1660.96,"end":1661.04},{"text":"be","start":1661.12,"end":1661.2},{"text":"provided","start":1661.44,"end":1661.52},{"text":"to","start":1661.76,"end":1661.84},{"text":"the","start":1661.92,"end":1662},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":1662.08,"end":1662.96},{"text":"good","start":1663.04,"end":1663.12},{"text":"offices","start":1663.2,"end":1663.28},{"text":"and","start":1664.64,"end":1664.72},{"text":"the","start":1664.8,"end":1664.88},{"text":"impartial","start":1665.2,"end":1665.44},{"text":"role","start":1665.68,"end":1665.76},{"text":"of","start":1665.92,"end":1666},{"text":"the","start":1666.08,"end":1666.16},{"text":"Secretariat.","start":1666.24,"end":1667.2}]},{"text":"The Secretary-General, his envoys and representatives should be enabled to open discreet channels Convene parties, facilitate dialogue, and develop mutually acceptable options.","start":1667.28,"end":1680.61,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1667.28,"end":1667.36},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":1667.44,"end":1668.08},{"text":"his","start":1668.64,"end":1668.72},{"text":"envoys","start":1669.12,"end":1669.2},{"text":"and","start":1669.76,"end":1669.84},{"text":"representatives","start":1670.32,"end":1670.8},{"text":"should","start":1671.52,"end":1671.6},{"text":"be","start":1671.76,"end":1671.84},{"text":"enabled","start":1671.92,"end":1672},{"text":"to","start":1672.24,"end":1672.4},{"text":"open","start":1672.48,"end":1672.56},{"text":"discreet","start":1672.8,"end":1673.2},{"text":"channels","start":1673.44,"end":1673.52},{"text":"Convene","start":1675.33,"end":1675.65},{"text":"parties,","start":1675.81,"end":1676.45},{"text":"facilitate","start":1676.77,"end":1676.85},{"text":"dialogue,","start":1677.33,"end":1677.49},{"text":"and","start":1677.81,"end":1677.89},{"text":"develop","start":1678.05,"end":1678.13},{"text":"mutually","start":1678.45,"end":1678.93},{"text":"acceptable","start":1679.17,"end":1679.25},{"text":"options.","start":1679.73,"end":1680.61}]},{"text":"At the same time, the Mediation Support Unit must receive adequate resources.","start":1680.69,"end":1686.45,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":1680.69,"end":1680.77},{"text":"the","start":1680.85,"end":1680.93},{"text":"same","start":1681.01,"end":1681.09},{"text":"time,","start":1681.33,"end":1681.89},{"text":"the","start":1681.97,"end":1682.05},{"text":"Mediation","start":1682.21,"end":1682.53},{"text":"Support","start":1682.93,"end":1683.01},{"text":"Unit","start":1683.17,"end":1683.25},{"text":"must","start":1683.73,"end":1683.81},{"text":"receive","start":1684.53,"end":1684.61},{"text":"adequate","start":1685.01,"end":1685.09},{"text":"resources.","start":1685.73,"end":1686.45}]},{"text":"Sixth, legal and judicial settlement must occupy a more prominent place in the Council's work.","start":1686.69,"end":1694.05,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Sixth,","start":1686.69,"end":1687.69},{"text":"legal","start":1687.97,"end":1688.05},{"text":"and","start":1688.37,"end":1688.45},{"text":"judicial","start":1688.69,"end":1688.77},{"text":"settlement","start":1689.17,"end":1689.25},{"text":"must","start":1689.73,"end":1689.81},{"text":"occupy","start":1690.45,"end":1690.53},{"text":"a","start":1690.93,"end":1691.01},{"text":"more","start":1691.17,"end":1691.25},{"text":"prominent","start":1691.49,"end":1691.57},{"text":"place","start":1692.05,"end":1692.13},{"text":"in","start":1692.45,"end":1692.53},{"text":"the","start":1692.53,"end":1692.61},{"text":"Council's","start":1692.69,"end":1693.25},{"text":"work.","start":1693.25,"end":1694.05}]},{"text":"Where disputes involve questions of law, the Council should encourage recourse to the International Court of Justice.","start":1694.29,"end":1701.09,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Somalia.","start":1906.64,"end":1909.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1906.64,"end":1906.72},{"text":"now","start":1906.8,"end":1906.88},{"text":"give","start":1907.04,"end":1907.12},{"text":"the","start":1907.2,"end":1907.28},{"text":"floor","start":1907.36,"end":1907.44},{"text":"to","start":1907.6,"end":1907.68},{"text":"the","start":1907.76,"end":1907.84},{"text":"representative","start":1908.24,"end":1908.32},{"text":"of","start":1908.64,"end":1908.72},{"text":"Somalia.","start":1908.8,"end":1909.8}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":8,"start":1913.12,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=1914","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam President, Mr. President, allow me to express gratitude to the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening and leading on this important and timely debate.","start":1913.12,"end":1923.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1913.12,"end":1913.2},{"text":"President,","start":1913.52,"end":1914.08},{"text":"Mr.","start":1914.05,"end":1914.21},{"text":"President,","start":1914.45,"end":1914.77},{"text":"allow","start":1915.09,"end":1915.17},{"text":"me","start":1915.25,"end":1915.33},{"text":"to","start":1915.41,"end":1915.49},{"text":"express","start":1915.81,"end":1915.89},{"text":"gratitude","start":1916.13,"end":1916.21},{"text":"to","start":1916.77,"end":1916.85},{"text":"the","start":1916.93,"end":1917.01},{"text":"Democratic","start":1917.33,"end":1917.41},{"text":"Republic","start":1917.89,"end":1917.97},{"text":"of","start":1918.21,"end":1918.29},{"text":"the","start":1918.37,"end":1918.45},{"text":"Congo","start":1918.53,"end":1918.77},{"text":"for","start":1919.49,"end":1919.57},{"text":"convening","start":1919.89,"end":1920.13},{"text":"and","start":1920.29,"end":1920.37},{"text":"leading","start":1920.45,"end":1920.53},{"text":"on","start":1920.85,"end":1920.93},{"text":"this","start":1921.01,"end":1921.09},{"text":"important","start":1921.41,"end":1921.49},{"text":"and","start":1921.89,"end":1921.97},{"text":"timely","start":1922.05,"end":1922.37},{"text":"debate.","start":1922.77,"end":1923.77}]},{"text":"I also express appreciation to the United Nations Secretary-General for his briefing and his— and for his leadership and principled vision for a more secure world.","start":1924.13,"end":1935.85,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1924.13,"end":1924.21},{"text":"also","start":1924.37,"end":1924.45},{"text":"express","start":1924.93,"end":1925.01},{"text":"appreciation","start":1925.41,"end":1925.49},{"text":"to","start":1926.05,"end":1926.13},{"text":"the","start":1926.13,"end":1926.29},{"text":"United","start":1926.37,"end":1926.45},{"text":"Nations","start":1926.69,"end":1926.77},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":1927.17,"end":1927.73},{"text":"for","start":1928.77,"end":1928.85},{"text":"his","start":1928.93,"end":1929.01},{"text":"briefing","start":1929.17,"end":1929.49},{"text":"and","start":1929.97,"end":1930.05},{"text":"his—","start":1930.21,"end":1930.29},{"text":"and","start":1930.53,"end":1930.61},{"text":"for","start":1930.77,"end":1930.85},{"text":"his","start":1930.93,"end":1931.01},{"text":"leadership","start":1931.25,"end":1931.33},{"text":"and","start":1931.81,"end":1931.89},{"text":"principled","start":1931.97,"end":1932.37},{"text":"vision","start":1932.53,"end":1932.61},{"text":"for","start":1933.25,"end":1933.33},{"text":"a","start":1933.41,"end":1933.49},{"text":"more","start":1933.65,"end":1933.73},{"text":"secure","start":1934.29,"end":1934.45},{"text":"world.","start":1934.85,"end":1935.85}]},{"text":"With global divisions deepening and mistrust on the rise, the need for early engagement and peaceful settlement of disputes has never been greater.","start":1936.77,"end":1947.59,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":1936.77,"end":1936.93},{"text":"global","start":1937.09,"end":1937.17},{"text":"divisions","start":1937.81,"end":1938.05},{"text":"deepening","start":1938.21,"end":1938.53},{"text":"and","start":1939.09,"end":1939.17},{"text":"mistrust","start":1939.33,"end":1939.65},{"text":"on","start":1939.89,"end":1939.97},{"text":"the","start":1940.05,"end":1940.13},{"text":"rise,","start":1940.21,"end":1940.29},{"text":"the","start":1941.23,"end":1941.31},{"text":"need","start":1941.39,"end":1941.47},{"text":"for","start":1941.71,"end":1941.79},{"text":"early","start":1941.95,"end":1942.03},{"text":"engagement","start":1942.43,"end":1942.51},{"text":"and","start":1942.99,"end":1943.07},{"text":"peaceful","start":1943.23,"end":1943.31},{"text":"settlement","start":1943.71,"end":1943.79},{"text":"of","start":1944.19,"end":1944.27},{"text":"disputes","start":1944.59,"end":1944.83},{"text":"has","start":1945.39,"end":1945.47},{"text":"never","start":1945.63,"end":1945.71},{"text":"been","start":1946.19,"end":1946.27},{"text":"greater.","start":1946.59,"end":1947.59}]},{"text":"The United Nations Charter points the way forward.","start":1948.03,"end":1950.43,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1948.03,"end":1948.11},{"text":"United","start":1948.27,"end":1948.35},{"text":"Nations","start":1948.67,"end":1948.75},{"text":"Charter","start":1949.07,"end":1949.15},{"text":"points","start":1949.47,"end":1949.55},{"text":"the","start":1949.87,"end":1949.95},{"text":"way","start":1950.03,"end":1950.11},{"text":"forward.","start":1950.35,"end":1950.43}]},{"text":"Chapter 6, especially Articles 33 and 34, call on all parties to seek solutions through negotiation, mediation, and judicial means before tensions escalate.","start":1951.95,"end":1965.11,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Chapter","start":1951.95,"end":1952.03},{"text":"6,","start":1952.35,"end":1952.43},{"text":"especially","start":1952.75,"end":1952.83},{"text":"Articles","start":1953.23,"end":1953.31},{"text":"33","start":1953.95,"end":1954.03},{"text":"and","start":1954.83,"end":1954.91},{"text":"34,","start":1955.07,"end":1955.47},{"text":"call","start":1956.27,"end":1956.35},{"text":"on","start":1956.51,"end":1956.59},{"text":"all","start":1956.67,"end":1956.75},{"text":"parties","start":1956.99,"end":1957.07},{"text":"to","start":1957.31,"end":1957.39},{"text":"seek","start":1957.47,"end":1957.55},{"text":"solutions","start":1957.87,"end":1957.95},{"text":"through","start":1958.91,"end":1958.99},{"text":"negotiation,","start":1959.47,"end":1959.55},{"text":"mediation,","start":1960.43,"end":1960.83},{"text":"and","start":1961.55,"end":1961.63},{"text":"judicial","start":1961.95,"end":1962.03},{"text":"means","start":1962.35,"end":1962.43},{"text":"before","start":1962.91,"end":1962.99},{"text":"tensions","start":1963.23,"end":1963.47},{"text":"escalate.","start":1964.11,"end":1965.11}]},{"text":"These articles also give the Security Council the authority to investigate situations that could threaten international peace and security.","start":1965.63,"end":1973.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1965.63,"end":1965.71},{"text":"articles","start":1965.95,"end":1966.03},{"text":"also","start":1966.51,"end":1966.59},{"text":"give","start":1966.83,"end":1966.91},{"text":"the","start":1966.99,"end":1967.07},{"text":"Security","start":1967.31,"end":1967.39},{"text":"Council","start":1967.63,"end":1967.71},{"text":"the","start":1968.11,"end":1968.19},{"text":"authority","start":1968.43,"end":1968.51},{"text":"to","start":1968.99,"end":1969.07},{"text":"investigate","start":1969.31,"end":1969.39},{"text":"situations","start":1970.65,"end":1970.73},{"text":"that","start":1971.05,"end":1971.13},{"text":"could","start":1971.21,"end":1971.29},{"text":"threaten","start":1971.45,"end":1971.69},{"text":"international","start":1972.17,"end":1972.25},{"text":"peace","start":1972.57,"end":1972.65},{"text":"and","start":1973.45,"end":1973.53},{"text":"security.","start":1973.85,"end":1973.93}]},{"text":"Security Council Resolution 2788, tabled by Pakistan and adopted unanimously by the Council last year, reinforces this approach, urging all Member States to make full and proactive use of these tools to peaceful settlement of disputes and to prevent conflicts before they erupt.","start":1975.29,"end":1997.58,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Security","start":1975.29,"end":1975.37},{"text":"Council","start":1975.61,"end":1975.69},{"text":"Resolution","start":1976.17,"end":1976.25},{"text":"2788,","start":1977.05,"end":1977.69},{"text":"tabled","start":1978.73,"end":1978.97},{"text":"by","start":1979.05,"end":1979.13},{"text":"Pakistan","start":1979.29,"end":1979.37},{"text":"and","start":1980.17,"end":1980.25},{"text":"adopted","start":1980.49,"end":1980.57},{"text":"unanimously","start":1981.69,"end":1982.09},{"text":"by","start":1982.81,"end":1982.89},{"text":"the","start":1983.05,"end":1983.13},{"text":"Council","start":1983.21,"end":1983.29},{"text":"last","start":1983.53,"end":1983.61},{"text":"year,","start":1983.85,"end":1983.93},{"text":"reinforces","start":1985.05,"end":1985.29},{"text":"this","start":1985.61,"end":1985.69},{"text":"approach,","start":1986.01,"end":1986.09},{"text":"urging","start":1987.21,"end":1987.53},{"text":"all","start":1987.69,"end":1987.77},{"text":"Member","start":1987.93,"end":1988.01},{"text":"States","start":1988.33,"end":1988.41},{"text":"to","start":1988.97,"end":1989.05},{"text":"make","start":1989.13,"end":1989.21},{"text":"full","start":1989.37,"end":1989.45},{"text":"and","start":1989.93,"end":1990.01},{"text":"proactive","start":1990.17,"end":1990.41},{"text":"use","start":1990.73,"end":1990.81},{"text":"of","start":1991.21,"end":1991.29},{"text":"these","start":1991.37,"end":1991.45},{"text":"tools","start":1991.69,"end":1991.77},{"text":"to","start":1992.73,"end":1992.81},{"text":"peaceful","start":1992.89,"end":1992.97},{"text":"settlement","start":1993.29,"end":1993.37},{"text":"of","start":1993.77,"end":1993.85},{"text":"disputes","start":1994.17,"end":1994.41},{"text":"and","start":1994.97,"end":1995.05},{"text":"to","start":1995.13,"end":1995.21},{"text":"prevent","start":1995.45,"end":1995.53},{"text":"conflicts","start":1995.69,"end":1996.25},{"text":"before","start":1996.54,"end":1996.62},{"text":"they","start":1997.18,"end":1997.26},{"text":"erupt.","start":1997.42,"end":1997.58}]},{"text":"In that regard, I would like to highlight the following points.","start":1999.1,"end":2002.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1999.1,"end":1999.18},{"text":"that","start":1999.34,"end":1999.42},{"text":"regard,","start":1999.66,"end":1999.74},{"text":"I","start":1999.9,"end":2000.06},{"text":"would","start":2000.06,"end":2000.14},{"text":"like","start":2000.22,"end":2000.3},{"text":"to","start":2000.38,"end":2000.46},{"text":"highlight","start":2000.54,"end":2000.7},{"text":"the","start":2001.26,"end":2001.34},{"text":"following","start":2001.42,"end":2001.5},{"text":"points.","start":2002.14,"end":2002.22}]},{"text":"First, prevention and conflict resolution efforts are stronger when they fully integrate regional and sub-regional organizations and foster deeper complementarity between the United Nations and the African Union.","start":2004.06,"end":2019.9,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":2004.06,"end":2004.14},{"text":"prevention","start":2005.5,"end":2005.58},{"text":"and","start":2005.98,"end":2006.06},{"text":"conflict","start":2006.22,"end":2006.3},{"text":"resolution","start":2006.86,"end":2006.94},{"text":"efforts","start":2007.26,"end":2007.34},{"text":"are","start":2007.9,"end":2007.98},{"text":"stronger","start":2008.3,"end":2008.38},{"text":"when","start":2009.18,"end":2009.26},{"text":"they","start":2009.34,"end":2009.42},{"text":"fully","start":2009.58,"end":2009.66},{"text":"integrate","start":2010.3,"end":2010.38},{"text":"regional","start":2010.78,"end":2010.86},{"text":"and","start":2011.66,"end":2011.74},{"text":"sub-regional","start":2011.9,"end":2012.46},{"text":"organizations","start":2013.02,"end":2013.1},{"text":"and","start":2013.98,"end":2014.06},{"text":"foster","start":2014.22,"end":2014.3},{"text":"deeper","start":2014.7,"end":2014.78},{"text":"complementarity","start":2015.34,"end":2015.74},{"text":"between","start":2016.78,"end":2016.86},{"text":"the","start":2016.94,"end":2017.02},{"text":"United","start":2017.18,"end":2017.26},{"text":"Nations","start":2017.58,"end":2017.66},{"text":"and","start":2018.54,"end":2018.62},{"text":"the","start":2018.94,"end":2019.02},{"text":"African","start":2019.1,"end":2019.18},{"text":"Union.","start":2019.82,"end":2019.9}]},{"text":"These actors are closest to emerging risks and best placed to shape effective, locally tailored responses.","start":2021.74,"end":2029.83,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2021.74,"end":2021.82},{"text":"actors","start":2022.06,"end":2022.14},{"text":"are","start":2022.46,"end":2022.54},{"text":"closest","start":2022.7,"end":2022.78},{"text":"to","start":2023.02,"end":2023.18},{"text":"emerging","start":2023.34,"end":2023.42},{"text":"risks","start":2023.74,"end":2023.82},{"text":"and","start":2024.59,"end":2024.67},{"text":"best","start":2024.83,"end":2024.91},{"text":"placed","start":2025.15,"end":2025.23},{"text":"to","start":2025.63,"end":2025.71},{"text":"shape","start":2025.87,"end":2025.95},{"text":"effective,","start":2026.35,"end":2026.43},{"text":"locally","start":2027.47,"end":2027.55},{"text":"tailored","start":2028.03,"end":2028.35},{"text":"responses.","start":2028.83,"end":2029.83}]},{"text":"Therefore, supporting AU-led initiatives and reinforcing their capacity for mediation and conflict resolution is essential for effective prevention and durable peace.","start":2031.87,"end":2045.03,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":2031.87,"end":2032.83},{"text":"supporting","start":2033.23,"end":2033.31},{"text":"AU-led","start":2033.63,"end":2034.11},{"text":"initiatives","start":2034.35,"end":2034.43},{"text":"and","start":2035.31,"end":2035.39},{"text":"reinforcing","start":2035.47,"end":2036.19},{"text":"their","start":2036.27,"end":2036.35},{"text":"capacity","start":2036.59,"end":2036.67},{"text":"for","start":2037.07,"end":2037.15},{"text":"mediation","start":2037.31,"end":2037.63},{"text":"and","start":2038.35,"end":2038.43},{"text":"conflict","start":2038.59,"end":2038.67},{"text":"resolution","start":2039.23,"end":2039.31},{"text":"is","start":2039.63,"end":2039.71},{"text":"essential","start":2040.03,"end":2040.11},{"text":"for","start":2040.91,"end":2040.99},{"text":"effective","start":2041.31,"end":2041.39},{"text":"prevention","start":2042.35,"end":2042.43},{"text":"and","start":2043.15,"end":2043.23},{"text":"durable","start":2043.39,"end":2043.47},{"text":"peace.","start":2044.03,"end":2045.03}]},{"text":"Second, building a culture of conflict prevention requires more than reacting to crises.","start":2045.63,"end":2051.47,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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meet at the moment when the international landscape is defined by mounting complexity and volatility.","start":2258.1,"end":2265.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2258.1,"end":2258.18},{"text":"meet","start":2258.26,"end":2258.34},{"text":"at","start":2259.06,"end":2259.14},{"text":"the","start":2259.22,"end":2259.3},{"text":"moment","start":2259.38,"end":2259.46},{"text":"when","start":2260.1,"end":2260.18},{"text":"the","start":2260.26,"end":2260.34},{"text":"international","start":2260.74,"end":2260.82},{"text":"landscape","start":2261.46,"end":2261.54},{"text":"is","start":2262.1,"end":2262.18},{"text":"defined","start":2262.58,"end":2262.66},{"text":"by","start":2263.01,"end":2263.09},{"text":"mounting","start":2263.33,"end":2263.49},{"text":"complexity","start":2264.13,"end":2264.21},{"text":"and","start":2264.53,"end":2264.61},{"text":"volatility.","start":2265.09,"end":2265.17}]},{"text":"Simmering conflicts persist alongside emerging crises, geopolitical rivalries are hardening, and the erosion of trust between states is testing the very foundations of the multilateral 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proliferation of armed groups and non-state actors, often operating across borders and outside the reach of traditional diplomacy further complicates the peaceful resolution of disputes and requires renewed international attention.","start":2281.65,"end":2299.16,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2281.65,"end":2281.73},{"text":"proliferation","start":2281.89,"end":2282.45},{"text":"of","start":2282.77,"end":2282.85},{"text":"armed","start":2282.93,"end":2283.01},{"text":"groups","start":2283.33,"end":2283.41},{"text":"and","start":2283.81,"end":2283.89},{"text":"non-state","start":2283.97,"end":2284.37},{"text":"actors,","start":2284.53,"end":2284.61},{"text":"often","start":2285.25,"end":2285.33},{"text":"operating","start":2285.89,"end":2285.97},{"text":"across","start":2286.77,"end":2286.85},{"text":"borders","start":2287.09,"end":2287.41},{"text":"and","start":2287.89,"end":2287.97},{"text":"outside","start":2288.45,"end":2288.53},{"text":"the","start":2288.77,"end":2288.85},{"text":"reach","start":2289.01,"end":2289.09},{"text":"of","start":2289.25,"end":2289.33},{"text":"traditional","start":2289.76,"end":2289.84},{"text":"diplomacy","start":2290.56,"end":2291.04},{"text":"further","start":2291.6,"end":2291.68},{"text":"complicates","start":2292.08,"end":2292.48},{"text":"the","start":2292.72,"end":2292.8},{"text":"peaceful","start":2292.88,"end":2292.96},{"text":"resolution","start":2293.76,"end":2293.84},{"text":"of","start":2294.08,"end":2294.16},{"text":"disputes","start":2294.48,"end":2294.72},{"text":"and","start":2295.2,"end":2295.28},{"text":"requires","start":2295.68,"end":2295.76},{"text":"renewed","start":2296.8,"end":2296.88},{"text":"international","start":2297.44,"end":2297.52},{"text":"attention.","start":2298.16,"end":2299.16}]},{"text":"In this environment, the peaceful settlement of disputes is not simply one tool among many.","start":2299.68,"end":2306.44,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2299.68,"end":2299.76},{"text":"this","start":2299.84,"end":2299.92},{"text":"environment,","start":2300.32,"end":2301.04},{"text":"the","start":2301.12,"end":2301.2},{"text":"peaceful","start":2301.36,"end":2301.44},{"text":"settlement","start":2301.84,"end":2301.92},{"text":"of","start":2302.4,"end":2302.48},{"text":"disputes","start":2302.88,"end":2302.96},{"text":"is","start":2303.36,"end":2303.44},{"text":"not","start":2303.6,"end":2303.68},{"text":"simply","start":2303.92,"end":2304},{"text":"one","start":2304.32,"end":2304.4},{"text":"tool","start":2304.56,"end":2304.64},{"text":"among","start":2305.2,"end":2305.28},{"text":"many.","start":2305.44,"end":2306.44}]},{"text":"It is an indispensable safeguard against escalation and a reminder that dialogue remains possible even where mistrust runs deep.","start":2306.64,"end":2316.5,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2306.64,"end":2306.72},{"text":"is","start":2306.8,"end":2306.88},{"text":"an","start":2306.96,"end":2307.04},{"text":"indispensable","start":2307.52,"end":2307.76},{"text":"safeguard","start":2308.16,"end":2308.64},{"text":"against","start":2308.96,"end":2309.12},{"text":"escalation","start":2309.52,"end":2309.92},{"text":"and","start":2310.4,"end":2310.48},{"text":"a","start":2310.56,"end":2310.64},{"text":"reminder","start":2310.96,"end":2311.04},{"text":"that","start":2311.84,"end":2311.92},{"text":"dialogue","start":2312.08,"end":2312.16},{"text":"remains","start":2312.88,"end":2312.96},{"text":"possible","start":2313.44,"end":2313.52},{"text":"even","start":2314.24,"end":2314.32},{"text":"where","start":2314.72,"end":2314.8},{"text":"mistrust","start":2315.3,"end":2315.62},{"text":"runs","start":2316.02,"end":2316.1},{"text":"deep.","start":2316.42,"end":2316.5}]},{"text":"Promoting international peace and security through the peaceful settlement of disputes lies at the heart of the United Nations Charter and should remain a common priority for all Member States.","start":2317.94,"end":2330.02,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Promoting","start":2317.94,"end":2318.02},{"text":"international","start":2318.58,"end":2318.66},{"text":"peace","start":2319.14,"end":2319.22},{"text":"and","start":2319.3,"end":2319.38},{"text":"security","start":2319.7,"end":2319.78},{"text":"through","start":2320.26,"end":2320.34},{"text":"the","start":2320.5,"end":2320.58},{"text":"peaceful","start":2320.66,"end":2320.74},{"text":"settlement","start":2321.14,"end":2321.22},{"text":"of","start":2321.62,"end":2321.7},{"text":"disputes","start":2322.02,"end":2322.26},{"text":"lies","start":2322.9,"end":2322.98},{"text":"at","start":2323.22,"end":2323.3},{"text":"the","start":2323.46,"end":2323.54},{"text":"heart","start":2323.62,"end":2323.7},{"text":"of","start":2324.02,"end":2324.1},{"text":"the","start":2324.18,"end":2324.26},{"text":"United","start":2324.5,"end":2324.58},{"text":"Nations","start":2324.98,"end":2325.06},{"text":"Charter","start":2325.62,"end":2325.7},{"text":"and","start":2326.5,"end":2326.58},{"text":"should","start":2326.74,"end":2326.82},{"text":"remain","start":2327.14,"end":2327.22},{"text":"a","start":2327.7,"end":2327.78},{"text":"common","start":2327.86,"end":2327.94},{"text":"priority","start":2328.34,"end":2328.42},{"text":"for","start":2329.06,"end":2329.14},{"text":"all","start":2329.22,"end":2329.3},{"text":"Member","start":2329.46,"end":2329.54},{"text":"States.","start":2329.94,"end":2330.02}]},{"text":"The peaceful settlement of disputes is one of the fundamental principles upon which the United Nations were founded and remains the only viable path to sustaining peace.","start":2331.22,"end":2344.02,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2331.22,"end":2331.3},{"text":"peaceful","start":2331.46,"end":2331.54},{"text":"settlement","start":2331.94,"end":2332.02},{"text":"of","start":2332.5,"end":2332.58},{"text":"disputes","start":2332.9,"end":2332.98},{"text":"is","start":2333.3,"end":2333.38},{"text":"one","start":2333.54,"end":2333.62},{"text":"of","start":2333.7,"end":2333.78},{"text":"the","start":2333.94,"end":2334.02},{"text":"fundamental","start":2334.1,"end":2334.18},{"text":"principles","start":2335.06,"end":2335.14},{"text":"upon","start":2336.18,"end":2336.26},{"text":"which","start":2336.42,"end":2336.5},{"text":"the","start":2336.74,"end":2336.82},{"text":"United","start":2337.06,"end":2337.14},{"text":"Nations","start":2337.46,"end":2337.54},{"text":"were","start":2338.02,"end":2338.1},{"text":"founded","start":2338.26,"end":2338.34},{"text":"and","start":2339.22,"end":2339.3},{"text":"remains","start":2339.62,"end":2339.7},{"text":"the","start":2340.34,"end":2340.42},{"text":"only","start":2340.5,"end":2340.58},{"text":"viable","start":2341.22,"end":2341.62},{"text":"path","start":2341.94,"end":2342.02},{"text":"to","start":2342.74,"end":2342.82},{"text":"sustaining","start":2343.22,"end":2343.54},{"text":"peace.","start":2343.94,"end":2344.02}]},{"text":"Greece is a firm proponent of the international law and the UN Charter, under which member states must refrain from the threat or use of force against one another.","start":2345.06,"end":2357.06,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":2345.06,"end":2345.14},{"text":"is","start":2345.78,"end":2345.86},{"text":"a","start":2346.02,"end":2346.1},{"text":"firm","start":2346.26,"end":2346.34},{"text":"proponent","start":2346.82,"end":2346.9},{"text":"of","start":2347.46,"end":2347.54},{"text":"the","start":2347.7,"end":2347.78},{"text":"international","start":2348.58,"end":2348.66},{"text":"law","start":2349.14,"end":2349.22},{"text":"and","start":2349.3,"end":2349.38},{"text":"the","start":2349.46,"end":2349.54},{"text":"UN","start":2349.7,"end":2349.78},{"text":"Charter,","start":2350.1,"end":2350.18},{"text":"under","start":2350.74,"end":2350.82},{"text":"which","start":2351.14,"end":2351.22},{"text":"member","start":2351.54,"end":2351.62},{"text":"states","start":2352.02,"end":2352.1},{"text":"must","start":2352.74,"end":2352.82},{"text":"refrain","start":2353.3,"end":2353.46},{"text":"from","start":2353.7,"end":2353.78},{"text":"the","start":2354.02,"end":2354.1},{"text":"threat","start":2354.42,"end":2354.5},{"text":"or","start":2354.82,"end":2354.9},{"text":"use","start":2355.06,"end":2355.14},{"text":"of","start":2355.3,"end":2355.38},{"text":"force","start":2355.54,"end":2355.62},{"text":"against","start":2356.42,"end":2356.5},{"text":"one","start":2356.74,"end":2356.82},{"text":"another.","start":2356.98,"end":2357.06}]},{"text":"In this regard, we would like to note the following: Respect for international law is fundamental to safeguarding and strengthening peace and security.","start":2358.98,"end":2369.62,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2358.98,"end":2359.06},{"text":"this","start":2359.14,"end":2359.22},{"text":"regard,","start":2359.62,"end":2359.7},{"text":"we","start":2360.34,"end":2360.42},{"text":"would","start":2360.58,"end":2360.66},{"text":"like","start":2360.74,"end":2360.82},{"text":"to","start":2360.98,"end":2361.06},{"text":"note","start":2361.22,"end":2361.3},{"text":"the","start":2361.54,"end":2361.62},{"text":"following:","start":2361.78,"end":2361.86},{"text":"Respect","start":2363.22,"end":2363.3},{"text":"for","start":2363.62,"end":2363.7},{"text":"international","start":2364.02,"end":2364.1},{"text":"law","start":2364.58,"end":2364.66},{"text":"is","start":2364.74,"end":2364.82},{"text":"fundamental","start":2364.9,"end":2364.98},{"text":"to","start":2365.7,"end":2365.78},{"text":"safeguarding","start":2365.94,"end":2366.58},{"text":"and","start":2366.9,"end":2366.98},{"text":"strengthening","start":2367.38,"end":2367.94},{"text":"peace","start":2368.1,"end":2368.18},{"text":"and","start":2368.34,"end":2368.42},{"text":"security.","start":2368.74,"end":2369.62}]},{"text":"Greece, as a credible and steadfast partner, as well as an anchor of stability in the region, remains committed to international law, including the international law of the sea as reflected in the U.N.","start":2369.86,"end":2382.82,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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thank you.","start":2627.6,"end":2628.16,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2627.6,"end":2627.68},{"text":"thank","start":2627.84,"end":2627.92},{"text":"you.","start":2628.08,"end":2628.16}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"GRC","affiliation_full":"Greece","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":11,"start":2629.2,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=2630","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie.","start":2629.2,"end":2630.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":2629.2,"end":2629.28},{"text":"remercie.","start":2629.52,"end":2630.24}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Greece for their 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representative.","start":2634.32,"end":2636.48,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2634.32,"end":2634.4},{"text":"now","start":2634.48,"end":2634.56},{"text":"give","start":2634.72,"end":2634.8},{"text":"the","start":2634.88,"end":2634.96},{"text":"floor","start":2635.04,"end":2635.12},{"text":"to","start":2635.36,"end":2635.44},{"text":"the","start":2635.52,"end":2635.6},{"text":"representative.","start":2636,"end":2636.48}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":2640.21,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=2641","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":2640.21,"end":2640.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2640.21,"end":2640.29},{"text":"you,","start":2640.37,"end":2640.53},{"text":"Mr.","start":2640.61,"end":2640.77},{"text":"President.","start":2640.85,"end":2640.93}]},{"text":"I wish to congratulate the delegation of the Democratic Republic of the Congo for presiding this council this month and for convening this timely 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also like to thank the Secretary-General for his leadership and for the recommendations presented today which chart a clear path to operationalize Resolution 2788 of 2025, an initiative that Colombia has staunchly supported since it was first begun.","start":2655.97,"end":2677.79,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"I'd","start":2655.97,"end":2656.21},{"text":"also","start":2656.21,"end":2656.29},{"text":"like","start":2656.53,"end":2656.61},{"text":"to","start":2657.01,"end":2657.09},{"text":"thank","start":2657.25,"end":2657.33},{"text":"the","start":2657.41,"end":2657.49},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":2657.57,"end":2658.05},{"text":"for","start":2658.37,"end":2658.45},{"text":"his","start":2658.53,"end":2658.61},{"text":"leadership","start":2658.77,"end":2658.85},{"text":"and","start":2659.25,"end":2659.33},{"text":"for","start":2659.49,"end":2659.57},{"text":"the","start":2659.73,"end":2659.81},{"text":"recommendations","start":2660.37,"end":2660.45},{"text":"presented","start":2660.93,"end":2661.01},{"text":"today","start":2661.49,"end":2661.57},{"text":"which","start":2662.43,"end":2662.51},{"text":"chart","start":2663.07,"end":2663.15},{"text":"a","start":2663.55,"end":2663.63},{"text":"clear","start":2663.87,"end":2663.95},{"text":"path","start":2664.27,"end":2664.35},{"text":"to","start":2664.91,"end":2664.99},{"text":"operationalize","start":2665.71,"end":2666.19},{"text":"Resolution","start":2666.99,"end":2667.07},{"text":"2788","start":2668.11,"end":2668.99},{"text":"of","start":2670.35,"end":2670.43},{"text":"2025,","start":2671.15,"end":2671.23},{"text":"an","start":2671.79,"end":2671.87},{"text":"initiative","start":2672.11,"end":2672.19},{"text":"that","start":2672.67,"end":2672.75},{"text":"Colombia","start":2673.15,"end":2673.23},{"text":"has","start":2673.79,"end":2673.87},{"text":"staunchly","start":2674.27,"end":2674.67},{"text":"supported","start":2674.91,"end":2674.99},{"text":"since","start":2675.55,"end":2675.63},{"text":"it","start":2676.83,"end":2676.91},{"text":"was","start":2677.07,"end":2677.15},{"text":"first","start":2677.23,"end":2677.31},{"text":"begun.","start":2677.71,"end":2677.79}]},{"text":"Colombia is firmly convinced that multilateralism and preventive diplomacy are not optional tools.","start":2679.31,"end":2685.23,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":2679.31,"end":2679.39},{"text":"is","start":2679.87,"end":2679.95},{"text":"firmly","start":2680.27,"end":2680.35},{"text":"convinced","start":2680.83,"end":2680.91},{"text":"that","start":2681.31,"end":2681.39},{"text":"multilateralism","start":2681.55,"end":2682.19},{"text":"and","start":2682.35,"end":2682.43},{"text":"preventive","start":2682.67,"end":2682.91},{"text":"diplomacy","start":2683.15,"end":2683.55},{"text":"are","start":2684.11,"end":2684.19},{"text":"not","start":2684.35,"end":2684.43},{"text":"optional","start":2684.59,"end":2684.99},{"text":"tools.","start":2685.15,"end":2685.23}]},{"text":"Rather, they are categorical imperatives in a world threatened by fragmentation and escalating tensions.","start":2686.35,"end":2694.74,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather,","start":2686.35,"end":2686.43},{"text":"they","start":2687.15,"end":2687.23},{"text":"are","start":2687.31,"end":2687.39},{"text":"categorical","start":2687.55,"end":2688.11},{"text":"imperatives","start":2688.35,"end":2688.75},{"text":"in","start":2689.18,"end":2689.26},{"text":"a","start":2689.66,"end":2689.74},{"text":"world","start":2690.06,"end":2690.14},{"text":"threatened","start":2690.54,"end":2690.62},{"text":"by","start":2690.94,"end":2691.02},{"text":"fragmentation","start":2691.18,"end":2691.66},{"text":"and","start":2692.54,"end":2692.62},{"text":"escalating","start":2692.94,"end":2693.42},{"text":"tensions.","start":2693.74,"end":2694.74}]},{"text":"We address this council today not only on the basis of the theory of international law, which we respect and in which we believe, but also from our own experience.","start":2696.7,"end":2709.94,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2696.7,"end":2696.78},{"text":"address","start":2697.5,"end":2697.58},{"text":"this","start":2697.98,"end":2698.06},{"text":"council","start":2698.22,"end":2698.3},{"text":"today","start":2698.94,"end":2699.02},{"text":"not","start":2700.38,"end":2700.46},{"text":"only","start":2700.54,"end":2700.7},{"text":"on","start":2700.94,"end":2701.02},{"text":"the","start":2701.1,"end":2701.18},{"text":"basis","start":2701.26,"end":2701.34},{"text":"of","start":2701.58,"end":2701.66},{"text":"the","start":2701.74,"end":2701.82},{"text":"theory","start":2701.9,"end":2701.98},{"text":"of","start":2702.14,"end":2702.3},{"text":"international","start":2702.54,"end":2702.7},{"text":"law,","start":2703.02,"end":2703.42},{"text":"which","start":2703.5,"end":2703.58},{"text":"we","start":2703.74,"end":2703.82},{"text":"respect","start":2704.22,"end":2704.3},{"text":"and","start":2704.7,"end":2704.78},{"text":"in","start":2705.02,"end":2705.1},{"text":"which","start":2705.18,"end":2705.26},{"text":"we","start":2705.42,"end":2705.5},{"text":"believe,","start":2705.82,"end":2706.54},{"text":"but","start":2706.7,"end":2706.78},{"text":"also","start":2706.86,"end":2706.94},{"text":"from","start":2707.9,"end":2707.98},{"text":"our","start":2708.22,"end":2708.3},{"text":"own","start":2708.46,"end":2708.54},{"text":"experience.","start":2708.94,"end":2709.94}]},{"text":"Colombia has witnessed how dialogue political negotiation and perseverance can transform a seemingly intractable conflict into a path towards reconciliation.","start":2711.02,"end":2723.93,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":2726.17,"end":2726.25},{"text":"historic","start":2726.97,"end":2727.05},{"text":"2016","start":2727.85,"end":2727.93},{"text":"peace","start":2728.73,"end":2728.81},{"text":"agreement","start":2729.29,"end":2729.37},{"text":"and","start":2729.77,"end":2729.85},{"text":"the","start":2730.09,"end":2730.17},{"text":"current","start":2730.49,"end":2730.57},{"text":"efforts","start":2730.89,"end":2730.97},{"text":"under","start":2732.09,"end":2732.17},{"text":"the","start":2733.05,"end":2733.13},{"text":"peace","start":2733.61,"end":2733.69},{"text":"policy","start":2734.01,"end":2734.09},{"text":"of","start":2734.81,"end":2734.89},{"text":"President","start":2735.21,"end":2735.29},{"text":"Petro's","start":2735.69,"end":2736.09},{"text":"government","start":2736.09,"end":2736.17},{"text":"show","start":2737.77,"end":2737.85},{"text":"that","start":2738.41,"end":2738.49},{"text":"peace","start":2739.21,"end":2739.29},{"text":"is","start":2739.69,"end":2739.77},{"text":"built","start":2740.01,"end":2740.09},{"text":"through","start":2740.61,"end":2740.69},{"text":"listening,","start":2740.93,"end":2741.01},{"text":"mediation,","start":2741.97,"end":2742.37},{"text":"and","start":2743.09,"end":2743.17},{"text":"by","start":2743.41,"end":2743.49},{"text":"addressing","start":2743.73,"end":2743.81},{"text":"the","start":2744.21,"end":2744.29},{"text":"root","start":2744.37,"end":2744.45},{"text":"causes","start":2744.61,"end":2744.69},{"text":"of","start":2745.01,"end":2745.09},{"text":"violence.","start":2745.17,"end":2745.25}]},{"text":"Likewise, the United Nations Verification Mission in Colombia stands as a living testimony as to how the Secretariat and Security Council's support tools, conceived with Chapter VI in mind, can successfully support support the establishment of peace on the ground, respecting national sovereignty, and strengthening trust in institutions.","start":2748.69,"end":2774.6,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2947.11,"end":2947.19},{"text":"commend","start":2947.51,"end":2947.59},{"text":"the","start":2947.91,"end":2947.99},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":2948.15,"end":2948.63},{"text":"efforts","start":2948.95,"end":2949.03},{"text":"towards","start":2949.43,"end":2949.51},{"text":"peaceful","start":2949.75,"end":2949.83},{"text":"settlement","start":2950.15,"end":2950.23},{"text":"of","start":2950.55,"end":2950.63},{"text":"disputes.","start":2950.95,"end":2951.19}]},{"text":"The world today is witnessing profound changes unseen in a century, with geopolitical tensions intensifying, armed conflicts erupting on multiple fronts, and hotspot issues getting prolonged and unresolved.","start":2952.48,"end":2964.24,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2970.08,"end":2970.16},{"text":"July","start":2970.4,"end":2970.48},{"text":"of","start":2970.72,"end":2970.8},{"text":"last","start":2970.88,"end":2970.96},{"text":"year,","start":2971.12,"end":2971.2},{"text":"at","start":2971.36,"end":2971.44},{"text":"the","start":2971.44,"end":2971.52},{"text":"initiative","start":2971.6,"end":2971.76},{"text":"of","start":2972.08,"end":2972.24},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":2972.32,"end":2972.96},{"text":"the","start":2973.12,"end":2973.2},{"text":"Security","start":2973.36,"end":2973.44},{"text":"Council","start":2973.6,"end":2973.68},{"text":"unanimously","start":2974.08,"end":2974.48},{"text":"adopted","start":2974.72,"end":2974.8},{"text":"Resolution","start":2975.28,"end":2975.36},{"text":"2788,","start":2975.92,"end":2976.8},{"text":"calling","start":2977.14,"end":2977.22},{"text":"for","start":2977.46,"end":2977.54},{"text":"peaceful","start":2977.7,"end":2977.78},{"text":"settlement","start":2978.02,"end":2978.1},{"text":"of","start":2978.5,"end":2978.58},{"text":"international","start":2978.98,"end":2979.06},{"text":"disputes","start":2979.54,"end":2979.7},{"text":"and","start":2979.86,"end":2979.94},{"text":"demonstrating","start":2980.18,"end":2980.5},{"text":"the","start":2981.06,"end":2981.14},{"text":"international","start":2981.46,"end":2981.54},{"text":"community's","start":2981.94,"end":2982.02},{"text":"unity","start":2982.42,"end":2982.5},{"text":"and","start":2982.98,"end":2983.06},{"text":"consensus.","start":2983.3,"end":2983.38}]},{"text":"The international community should stay true to the founding mission of the United Nations, remain firmly committed to peace, and safeguard the hope for peace.","start":2984.42,"end":2992.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2984.42,"end":2984.5},{"text":"international","start":2985.06,"end":2985.14},{"text":"community","start":2985.46,"end":2985.54},{"text":"should","start":2985.86,"end":2985.94},{"text":"stay","start":2986.18,"end":2986.26},{"text":"true","start":2986.42,"end":2986.5},{"text":"to","start":2986.58,"end":2986.66},{"text":"the","start":2986.74,"end":2986.82},{"text":"founding","start":2986.82,"end":2986.9},{"text":"mission","start":2987.14,"end":2987.22},{"text":"of","start":2987.54,"end":2987.62},{"text":"the","start":2987.7,"end":2987.86},{"text":"United","start":2987.94,"end":2988.02},{"text":"Nations,","start":2988.1,"end":2988.18},{"text":"remain","start":2988.9,"end":2988.98},{"text":"firmly","start":2989.14,"end":2989.22},{"text":"committed","start":2989.7,"end":2989.78},{"text":"to","start":2990.02,"end":2990.1},{"text":"peace,","start":2990.18,"end":2990.26},{"text":"and","start":2990.5,"end":2990.58},{"text":"safeguard","start":2990.74,"end":2991.06},{"text":"the","start":2991.14,"end":2991.22},{"text":"hope","start":2991.46,"end":2991.54},{"text":"for","start":2991.7,"end":2991.78},{"text":"peace.","start":2991.94,"end":2992.02}]},{"text":"I will make 4 points.","start":2992.58,"end":2993.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2992.58,"end":2992.66},{"text":"will","start":2992.74,"end":2992.82},{"text":"make","start":2992.98,"end":2993.06},{"text":"4","start":2993.14,"end":2993.22},{"text":"points.","start":2993.38,"end":2993.46}]},{"text":"First, the UN Charter must be resolutely safeguarded.","start":2994.1,"end":2996.5,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":2994.1,"end":2994.18},{"text":"the","start":2994.34,"end":2994.42},{"text":"UN","start":2994.5,"end":2994.58},{"text":"Charter","start":2994.82,"end":2994.9},{"text":"must","start":2995.14,"end":2995.22},{"text":"be","start":2995.3,"end":2995.38},{"text":"resolutely","start":2995.46,"end":2995.54},{"text":"safeguarded.","start":2996.02,"end":2996.5}]},{"text":"The fundamental principles established by the Charter, such as sovereign equality, non-interference in internal affairs, and the prohibition of the use or threat of force, are the most important norms governing state-to-state relations.","start":2996.82,"end":3008.72,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2996.82,"end":2996.9},{"text":"fundamental","start":2996.9,"end":2996.98},{"text":"principles","start":2997.46,"end":2997.54},{"text":"established","start":2998.1,"end":2998.18},{"text":"by","start":2998.5,"end":2998.58},{"text":"the","start":2998.66,"end":2998.74},{"text":"Charter,","start":2998.82,"end":2998.9},{"text":"such","start":2999.14,"end":2999.22},{"text":"as","start":2999.3,"end":2999.38},{"text":"sovereign","start":2999.46,"end":2999.54},{"text":"equality,","start":2999.86,"end":2999.94},{"text":"non-interference","start":3000.26,"end":3000.74},{"text":"in","start":3001.06,"end":3001.14},{"text":"internal","start":3001.22,"end":3001.3},{"text":"affairs,","start":3001.7,"end":3001.78},{"text":"and","start":3002.26,"end":3002.34},{"text":"the","start":3002.34,"end":3002.5},{"text":"prohibition","start":3002.58,"end":3002.9},{"text":"of","start":3003.06,"end":3003.14},{"text":"the","start":3003.14,"end":3003.3},{"text":"use","start":3003.3,"end":3003.38},{"text":"or","start":3003.54,"end":3003.62},{"text":"threat","start":3003.7,"end":3003.78},{"text":"of","start":3003.86,"end":3003.94},{"text":"force,","start":3004.02,"end":3004.34},{"text":"are","start":3004.76,"end":3004.84},{"text":"the","start":3004.92,"end":3005},{"text":"most","start":3005.08,"end":3005.16},{"text":"important","start":3005.56,"end":3005.64},{"text":"norms","start":3005.96,"end":3006.2},{"text":"governing","start":3006.36,"end":3006.68},{"text":"state-to-state","start":3006.84,"end":3007.4},{"text":"relations.","start":3007.72,"end":3008.72}]},{"text":"Despite differences in size, national strength, and development stage, all countries are equal members of the international community, and their sovereignty and dignity should be respected.","start":3009.32,"end":3021.04,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":3009.32,"end":3009.4},{"text":"differences","start":3009.56,"end":3009.64},{"text":"in","start":3010.36,"end":3010.44},{"text":"size,","start":3010.6,"end":3010.68},{"text":"national","start":3010.92,"end":3011},{"text":"strength,","start":3011.32,"end":3011.4},{"text":"and","start":3011.64,"end":3011.72},{"text":"development","start":3011.96,"end":3012.04},{"text":"stage,","start":3012.36,"end":3013.08},{"text":"all","start":3013.32,"end":3013.4},{"text":"countries","start":3013.56,"end":3013.64},{"text":"are","start":3014.36,"end":3014.44},{"text":"equal","start":3014.68,"end":3014.84},{"text":"members","start":3015.08,"end":3015.16},{"text":"of","start":3015.64,"end":3015.72},{"text":"the","start":3015.88,"end":3015.96},{"text":"international","start":3016.2,"end":3016.28},{"text":"community,","start":3016.6,"end":3016.68},{"text":"and","start":3017.64,"end":3017.72},{"text":"their","start":3018.04,"end":3018.12},{"text":"sovereignty","start":3018.28,"end":3018.36},{"text":"and","start":3018.84,"end":3018.92},{"text":"dignity","start":3019,"end":3019.08},{"text":"should","start":3019.56,"end":3019.64},{"text":"be","start":3019.72,"end":3019.8},{"text":"respected.","start":3020.04,"end":3021.04}]},{"text":"Peaceful settlement of disputes is an obligation of member states under the UN Charter.","start":3022.44,"end":3026.52,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Peaceful","start":3022.44,"end":3022.52},{"text":"settlement","start":3022.84,"end":3022.92},{"text":"of","start":3023.32,"end":3023.4},{"text":"disputes","start":3023.64,"end":3023.72},{"text":"is","start":3023.96,"end":3024.04},{"text":"an","start":3024.2,"end":3024.28},{"text":"obligation","start":3024.68,"end":3024.76},{"text":"of","start":3025,"end":3025.08},{"text":"member","start":3025.16,"end":3025.24},{"text":"states","start":3025.48,"end":3025.56},{"text":"under","start":3025.72,"end":3025.8},{"text":"the","start":3025.96,"end":3026.04},{"text":"UN","start":3026.2,"end":3026.28},{"text":"Charter.","start":3026.44,"end":3026.52}]},{"text":"Dialogue and consultations should be pursued to resolve differences.","start":3027.24,"end":3030.44,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Dialogue","start":3027.24,"end":3027.32},{"text":"and","start":3027.72,"end":3027.8},{"text":"consultations","start":3028.2,"end":3028.44},{"text":"should","start":3028.52,"end":3028.68},{"text":"be","start":3028.76,"end":3028.84},{"text":"pursued","start":3029.08,"end":3029.16},{"text":"to","start":3029.4,"end":3029.48},{"text":"resolve","start":3029.72,"end":3029.8},{"text":"differences.","start":3029.88,"end":3030.44}]},{"text":"Use of force without the authorization of the Security Council should be opposed.","start":3030.97,"end":3035.81,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3069.93,"end":3070.01},{"text":"parties","start":3070.09,"end":3070.17},{"text":"concerned","start":3070.65,"end":3070.73},{"text":"should","start":3071.05,"end":3071.13},{"text":"meet","start":3071.21,"end":3071.29},{"text":"each","start":3071.37,"end":3071.53},{"text":"other","start":3071.53,"end":3071.61},{"text":"halfway","start":3071.85,"end":3071.93},{"text":"and","start":3072.33,"end":3072.41},{"text":"handle","start":3072.49,"end":3072.57},{"text":"the","start":3072.81,"end":3072.89},{"text":"situation","start":3073.13,"end":3073.21},{"text":"properly.","start":3073.45,"end":3073.53}]},{"text":"Second, international equity and justice must be upheld.","start":3074.97,"end":3078.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":3074.97,"end":3075.05},{"text":"international","start":3076.17,"end":3076.25},{"text":"equity","start":3076.49,"end":3076.57},{"text":"and","start":3076.89,"end":3076.97},{"text":"justice","start":3077.05,"end":3077.13},{"text":"must","start":3077.53,"end":3077.61},{"text":"be","start":3077.69,"end":3077.77},{"text":"upheld.","start":3077.85,"end":3078.25}]},{"text":"A major cause for the numerous confrontations and injustice in the world today is the absence of uniform application of international law on an equal footing, and the failure in bringing to light the rights and wrongs of the issues.","start":3079.13,"end":3092.02,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":3079.13,"end":3079.21},{"text":"major","start":3079.29,"end":3079.37},{"text":"cause","start":3079.61,"end":3079.69},{"text":"for","start":3079.93,"end":3080.09},{"text":"the","start":3080.09,"end":3080.25},{"text":"numerous","start":3080.25,"end":3080.33},{"text":"confrontations","start":3080.73,"end":3080.97},{"text":"and","start":3081.37,"end":3081.45},{"text":"injustice","start":3081.69,"end":3081.77},{"text":"in","start":3082.09,"end":3082.17},{"text":"the","start":3082.17,"end":3082.25},{"text":"world","start":3082.33,"end":3082.41},{"text":"today","start":3082.65,"end":3082.73},{"text":"is","start":3083.13,"end":3083.21},{"text":"the","start":3083.29,"end":3083.37},{"text":"absence","start":3083.7,"end":3083.86},{"text":"of","start":3084.18,"end":3084.26},{"text":"uniform","start":3084.66,"end":3084.74},{"text":"application","start":3085.06,"end":3085.14},{"text":"of","start":3085.38,"end":3085.46},{"text":"international","start":3085.78,"end":3085.86},{"text":"law","start":3086.1,"end":3086.18},{"text":"on","start":3086.26,"end":3086.34},{"text":"an","start":3086.42,"end":3086.5},{"text":"equal","start":3086.58,"end":3086.66},{"text":"footing,","start":3086.9,"end":3087.62},{"text":"and","start":3087.78,"end":3087.86},{"text":"the","start":3088.02,"end":3088.1},{"text":"failure","start":3088.18,"end":3088.26},{"text":"in","start":3088.74,"end":3088.82},{"text":"bringing","start":3088.9,"end":3088.98},{"text":"to","start":3089.38,"end":3089.46},{"text":"light","start":3089.54,"end":3089.62},{"text":"the","start":3089.86,"end":3089.94},{"text":"rights","start":3090.1,"end":3090.18},{"text":"and","start":3090.26,"end":3090.34},{"text":"wrongs","start":3090.5,"end":3090.74},{"text":"of","start":3090.9,"end":3090.98},{"text":"the","start":3091.06,"end":3091.14},{"text":"issues.","start":3091.22,"end":3092.02}]},{"text":"The world should not regress to the law of the jungle where might is right.","start":3092.26,"end":3096.78,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3092.26,"end":3092.34},{"text":"world","start":3092.5,"end":3092.58},{"text":"should","start":3093.06,"end":3093.14},{"text":"not","start":3093.3,"end":3093.38},{"text":"regress","start":3093.62,"end":3093.7},{"text":"to","start":3093.86,"end":3093.94},{"text":"the","start":3093.94,"end":3094.02},{"text":"law","start":3094.18,"end":3094.26},{"text":"of","start":3094.34,"end":3094.42},{"text":"the","start":3094.5,"end":3094.58},{"text":"jungle","start":3094.66,"end":3094.74},{"text":"where","start":3095.06,"end":3095.14},{"text":"might","start":3095.3,"end":3095.38},{"text":"is","start":3095.54,"end":3095.62},{"text":"right.","start":3095.78,"end":3096.78}]},{"text":"All states must strictly observe the international norms with the UN Charter at its core, honor international treaties they have jointly concluded, and fulfill their respective international obligations.","start":3097.22,"end":3109.14,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":3097.22,"end":3097.3},{"text":"states","start":3097.46,"end":3097.54},{"text":"must","start":3097.86,"end":3097.94},{"text":"strictly","start":3098.26,"end":3098.34},{"text":"observe","start":3098.9,"end":3098.98},{"text":"the","start":3099.22,"end":3099.3},{"text":"international","start":3099.62,"end":3099.7},{"text":"norms","start":3099.94,"end":3100.18},{"text":"with","start":3100.26,"end":3100.34},{"text":"the","start":3100.42,"end":3100.5},{"text":"UN","start":3100.58,"end":3100.66},{"text":"Charter","start":3100.82,"end":3100.9},{"text":"at","start":3101.22,"end":3101.3},{"text":"its","start":3101.3,"end":3101.46},{"text":"core,","start":3101.62,"end":3102.26},{"text":"honor","start":3102.5,"end":3102.58},{"text":"international","start":3103.22,"end":3103.3},{"text":"treaties","start":3103.62,"end":3103.86},{"text":"they","start":3104.1,"end":3104.18},{"text":"have","start":3104.18,"end":3104.34},{"text":"jointly","start":3104.42,"end":3104.74},{"text":"concluded,","start":3105.06,"end":3105.7},{"text":"and","start":3105.86,"end":3105.94},{"text":"fulfill","start":3106.34,"end":3106.42},{"text":"their","start":3106.74,"end":3106.82},{"text":"respective","start":3107.3,"end":3107.38},{"text":"international","start":3107.94,"end":3108.02},{"text":"obligations.","start":3108.5,"end":3109.14}]},{"text":"The Palestinian question has dragged on for more than 7 decades.","start":3109.63,"end":3112.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3109.63,"end":3109.71},{"text":"Palestinian","start":3109.79,"end":3110.35},{"text":"question","start":3110.43,"end":3110.51},{"text":"has","start":3110.83,"end":3110.91},{"text":"dragged","start":3110.99,"end":3111.07},{"text":"on","start":3111.31,"end":3111.39},{"text":"for","start":3111.47,"end":3111.55},{"text":"more","start":3111.63,"end":3111.71},{"text":"than","start":3111.87,"end":3111.95},{"text":"7","start":3112.11,"end":3112.19},{"text":"decades.","start":3112.43,"end":3112.51}]},{"text":"This historical injustice cannot be allowed to go any longer.","start":3113.23,"end":3116.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3113.23,"end":3113.31},{"text":"historical","start":3113.71,"end":3113.79},{"text":"injustice","start":3114.27,"end":3114.35},{"text":"cannot","start":3114.83,"end":3114.91},{"text":"be","start":3115.15,"end":3115.23},{"text":"allowed","start":3115.47,"end":3115.55},{"text":"to","start":3115.71,"end":3115.87},{"text":"go","start":3115.87,"end":3115.95},{"text":"any","start":3116.11,"end":3116.19},{"text":"longer.","start":3116.35,"end":3116.43}]},{"text":"It is imperative to end without delay the sufferings of the Palestinian people, achieve lasting ceasefire in Gaza, improve the humanitarian situation, implement the two-state solution, and find a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian question as soon as possible.","start":3117.15,"end":3131.63,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3117.15,"end":3117.23},{"text":"is","start":3117.31,"end":3117.39},{"text":"imperative","start":3117.63,"end":3117.71},{"text":"to","start":3118.11,"end":3118.19},{"text":"end","start":3118.27,"end":3118.35},{"text":"without","start":3118.43,"end":3118.51},{"text":"delay","start":3118.99,"end":3119.07},{"text":"the","start":3119.47,"end":3119.55},{"text":"sufferings","start":3119.63,"end":3119.95},{"text":"of","start":3120.03,"end":3120.11},{"text":"the","start":3120.19,"end":3120.27},{"text":"Palestinian","start":3120.35,"end":3120.83},{"text":"people,","start":3120.91,"end":3120.99},{"text":"achieve","start":3121.55,"end":3121.63},{"text":"lasting","start":3121.79,"end":3122.11},{"text":"ceasefire","start":3122.19,"end":3122.51},{"text":"in","start":3122.67,"end":3122.75},{"text":"Gaza,","start":3122.83,"end":3123.07},{"text":"improve","start":3123.39,"end":3123.47},{"text":"the","start":3123.55,"end":3123.63},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3124.03,"end":3124.11},{"text":"situation,","start":3124.51,"end":3124.59},{"text":"implement","start":3125.31,"end":3125.39},{"text":"the","start":3125.63,"end":3125.71},{"text":"two-state","start":3125.71,"end":3126.11},{"text":"solution,","start":3126.35,"end":3126.43},{"text":"and","start":3126.91,"end":3126.99},{"text":"find","start":3127.07,"end":3127.15},{"text":"a","start":3127.39,"end":3127.47},{"text":"comprehensive,","start":3127.79,"end":3127.95},{"text":"just,","start":3128.27,"end":3128.35},{"text":"and","start":3128.51,"end":3128.59},{"text":"lasting","start":3128.67,"end":3128.99},{"text":"solution","start":3129.15,"end":3129.23},{"text":"to","start":3129.47,"end":3129.55},{"text":"the","start":3129.63,"end":3129.71},{"text":"Palestinian","start":3129.71,"end":3130.19},{"text":"question","start":3130.27,"end":3130.35},{"text":"as","start":3130.91,"end":3130.99},{"text":"soon","start":3131.07,"end":3131.23},{"text":"as","start":3131.31,"end":3131.47},{"text":"possible.","start":3131.55,"end":3131.63}]},{"text":"Third, true multilateralism must be practiced.","start":3132.91,"end":3136.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":3132.91,"end":3132.99},{"text":"true","start":3134.59,"end":3134.67},{"text":"multilateralism","start":3134.75,"end":3135.47},{"text":"must","start":3135.63,"end":3135.71},{"text":"be","start":3135.79,"end":3135.87},{"text":"practiced.","start":3136.03,"end":3136.35}]},{"text":"Prevention, good offices, and mediation are extremely important tools under Chapter 6 of the UN Charter and must be utilized fully and skillfully.","start":3137.14,"end":3147.46,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Prevention,","start":3137.14,"end":3137.94},{"text":"good","start":3138.18,"end":3138.26},{"text":"offices,","start":3138.42,"end":3138.5},{"text":"and","start":3139.3,"end":3139.38},{"text":"mediation","start":3139.54,"end":3139.94},{"text":"are","start":3140.5,"end":3140.58},{"text":"extremely","start":3140.98,"end":3141.06},{"text":"important","start":3141.62,"end":3141.7},{"text":"tools","start":3142.02,"end":3142.1},{"text":"under","start":3142.5,"end":3142.58},{"text":"Chapter","start":3143.14,"end":3143.22},{"text":"6","start":3143.54,"end":3143.62},{"text":"of","start":3143.86,"end":3143.94},{"text":"the","start":3144.02,"end":3144.1},{"text":"UN","start":3144.1,"end":3144.18},{"text":"Charter","start":3144.42,"end":3144.5},{"text":"and","start":3144.74,"end":3144.82},{"text":"must","start":3144.9,"end":3144.98},{"text":"be","start":3145.06,"end":3145.14},{"text":"utilized","start":3145.46,"end":3145.62},{"text":"fully","start":3145.86,"end":3145.94},{"text":"and","start":3146.26,"end":3146.34},{"text":"skillfully.","start":3146.5,"end":3147.46}]},{"text":"It is necessary to support the mediation efforts of the Secretary-General and his special envoys and special representatives with a view to building the greatest possible consensus on political settlement.","start":3147.62,"end":3157.7,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3147.62,"end":3147.7},{"text":"is","start":3147.78,"end":3147.86},{"text":"necessary","start":3148.26,"end":3148.5},{"text":"to","start":3148.5,"end":3148.66},{"text":"support","start":3148.82,"end":3148.9},{"text":"the","start":3148.98,"end":3149.06},{"text":"mediation","start":3149.14,"end":3149.38},{"text":"efforts","start":3149.62,"end":3149.7},{"text":"of","start":3149.94,"end":3150.02},{"text":"the","start":3150.1,"end":3150.18},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":3150.26,"end":3150.82},{"text":"and","start":3151.06,"end":3151.14},{"text":"his","start":3151.22,"end":3151.3},{"text":"special","start":3151.54,"end":3151.62},{"text":"envoys","start":3151.86,"end":3152.18},{"text":"and","start":3152.26,"end":3152.34},{"text":"special","start":3152.5,"end":3152.58},{"text":"representatives","start":3152.98,"end":3153.38},{"text":"with","start":3153.86,"end":3153.94},{"text":"a","start":3154.02,"end":3154.1},{"text":"view","start":3154.1,"end":3154.18},{"text":"to","start":3154.26,"end":3154.34},{"text":"building","start":3154.42,"end":3154.5},{"text":"the","start":3154.74,"end":3154.82},{"text":"greatest","start":3154.9,"end":3154.98},{"text":"possible","start":3155.3,"end":3155.38},{"text":"consensus","start":3155.94,"end":3156.02},{"text":"on","start":3156.34,"end":3156.42},{"text":"political","start":3156.5,"end":3156.66},{"text":"settlement.","start":3156.9,"end":3157.7}]},{"text":"It is important to review the effectiveness of UNPKOs transform and upgrade PKOs through the necessary reforms, and create favorable conditions for political settlement.","start":3157.86,"end":3168.59,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"China","start":3168.83,"end":3168.91},{"text":"supports","start":3169.23,"end":3169.39},{"text":"regional","start":3169.63,"end":3169.71},{"text":"organizations","start":3170.11,"end":3170.19},{"text":"in","start":3170.51,"end":3170.59},{"text":"leveraging","start":3170.67,"end":3170.75},{"text":"their","start":3171.15,"end":3171.23},{"text":"unique","start":3171.55,"end":3171.63},{"text":"advantages","start":3171.95,"end":3172.03},{"text":"to","start":3172.75,"end":3172.83},{"text":"advance","start":3173.07,"end":3173.15},{"text":"regional","start":3173.31,"end":3173.39},{"text":"solutions","start":3173.79,"end":3173.87},{"text":"to","start":3174.11,"end":3174.19},{"text":"regional","start":3174.27,"end":3174.35},{"text":"disputes.","start":3174.83,"end":3175.55}]},{"text":"The UN should play a central coordinating role, promote synergy among different agencies, accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and provide a solid guarantee for security through sustainable development.","start":3175.71,"end":3190.8,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3205.72,"end":3205.8},{"text":"more","start":3206.04,"end":3206.12},{"text":"turbulent","start":3206.28,"end":3206.68},{"text":"the","start":3206.76,"end":3206.84},{"text":"international","start":3207.24,"end":3207.32},{"text":"landscape","start":3207.64,"end":3207.72},{"text":"is,","start":3208.12,"end":3208.44},{"text":"the","start":3208.6,"end":3208.68},{"text":"more","start":3208.76,"end":3208.84},{"text":"necessary","start":3209.24,"end":3209.32},{"text":"it","start":3209.4,"end":3209.48},{"text":"becomes","start":3209.64,"end":3209.8},{"text":"for","start":3209.96,"end":3210.04},{"text":"the","start":3210.04,"end":3210.2},{"text":"Council","start":3210.2,"end":3210.28},{"text":"to","start":3210.6,"end":3210.68},{"text":"fulfill","start":3210.84,"end":3210.92},{"text":"its","start":3211,"end":3211.16},{"text":"primary","start":3211.32,"end":3211.4},{"text":"responsibility","start":3211.88,"end":3211.96},{"text":"for","start":3212.76,"end":3212.84},{"text":"maintaining","start":3213.08,"end":3213.16},{"text":"international","start":3213.56,"end":3213.64},{"text":"peace","start":3213.88,"end":3213.96},{"text":"and","start":3214.04,"end":3214.2},{"text":"security.","start":3214.36,"end":3214.76}]},{"text":"Members of the Council should focus on the shared interests of the international community, adopt an objective and impartial position, and play a constructive role.","start":3215.05,"end":3223.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Members","start":3215.05,"end":3215.37},{"text":"of","start":3215.45,"end":3215.53},{"text":"the","start":3215.53,"end":3215.61},{"text":"Council","start":3215.69,"end":3215.77},{"text":"should","start":3216.25,"end":3216.33},{"text":"focus","start":3216.49,"end":3216.57},{"text":"on","start":3216.81,"end":3216.89},{"text":"the","start":3216.97,"end":3217.05},{"text":"shared","start":3217.13,"end":3217.21},{"text":"interests","start":3217.61,"end":3217.69},{"text":"of","start":3217.85,"end":3217.93},{"text":"the","start":3218.01,"end":3218.09},{"text":"international","start":3218.33,"end":3218.41},{"text":"community,","start":3218.73,"end":3218.81},{"text":"adopt","start":3219.37,"end":3219.45},{"text":"an","start":3219.61,"end":3219.69},{"text":"objective","start":3219.93,"end":3220.01},{"text":"and","start":3220.25,"end":3220.33},{"text":"impartial","start":3220.65,"end":3220.73},{"text":"position,","start":3221.05,"end":3221.13},{"text":"and","start":3221.37,"end":3221.45},{"text":"play","start":3221.53,"end":3221.61},{"text":"a","start":3221.69,"end":3221.77},{"text":"constructive","start":3222.01,"end":3222.25},{"text":"role.","start":3222.41,"end":3223.13}]},{"text":"Penholders should listen carefully to all members, strive to bridge differences, and refrain from pushing proposals which are clearly controversial.","start":3223.37,"end":3232.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Penholders","start":3223.37,"end":3223.85},{"text":"should","start":3224.01,"end":3224.09},{"text":"listen","start":3224.25,"end":3224.33},{"text":"carefully","start":3224.57,"end":3224.65},{"text":"to","start":3224.97,"end":3225.05},{"text":"all","start":3225.13,"end":3225.21},{"text":"members,","start":3225.29,"end":3225.37},{"text":"strive","start":3226.01,"end":3226.09},{"text":"to","start":3226.33,"end":3226.41},{"text":"bridge","start":3226.57,"end":3226.65},{"text":"differences,","start":3226.89,"end":3227.89},{"text":"and","start":3228.09,"end":3228.17},{"text":"refrain","start":3228.49,"end":3228.57},{"text":"from","start":3228.81,"end":3228.89},{"text":"pushing","start":3229.05,"end":3229.13},{"text":"proposals","start":3229.77,"end":3230.09},{"text":"which","start":3230.25,"end":3230.33},{"text":"are","start":3230.41,"end":3230.49},{"text":"clearly","start":3230.65,"end":3230.73},{"text":"controversial.","start":3231.45,"end":3232.45}]},{"text":"The 5 permanent members should strengthen communication and coordination with non-permanent members on major issues, strive to seek consensus, and reduce confrontation.","start":3233.37,"end":3242.99,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3233.37,"end":3233.45},{"text":"5","start":3233.53,"end":3233.61},{"text":"permanent","start":3233.85,"end":3233.93},{"text":"members","start":3234.25,"end":3234.33},{"text":"should","start":3234.73,"end":3234.81},{"text":"strengthen","start":3234.97,"end":3235.05},{"text":"communication","start":3235.61,"end":3235.69},{"text":"and","start":3236.01,"end":3236.09},{"text":"coordination","start":3236.41,"end":3236.49},{"text":"with","start":3236.73,"end":3236.81},{"text":"non-permanent","start":3236.97,"end":3237.53},{"text":"members","start":3237.61,"end":3237.69},{"text":"on","start":3238.01,"end":3238.09},{"text":"major","start":3238.17,"end":3238.25},{"text":"issues,","start":3238.49,"end":3239.21},{"text":"strive","start":3239.45,"end":3239.53},{"text":"to","start":3239.77,"end":3239.85},{"text":"seek","start":3240.01,"end":3240.09},{"text":"consensus,","start":3240.49,"end":3240.57},{"text":"and","start":3241.19,"end":3241.27},{"text":"reduce","start":3241.59,"end":3241.67},{"text":"confrontation.","start":3241.99,"end":3242.99}]},{"text":"Member states are obligated to uphold the authority of the Security Council, fully implement its resolutions, and avoid selectivity in application or misinterpretation or abuse of the Council resolutions.","start":3243.91,"end":3255.99,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens 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China has always been a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of international order.","start":3256.23,"end":3264.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":3256.23,"end":3257.11},{"text":"China","start":3257.35,"end":3257.43},{"text":"has","start":3257.59,"end":3257.67},{"text":"always","start":3257.83,"end":3257.99},{"text":"been","start":3258.23,"end":3258.31},{"text":"a","start":3258.55,"end":3258.63},{"text":"builder","start":3258.79,"end":3258.87},{"text":"of","start":3259.19,"end":3259.27},{"text":"world","start":3259.35,"end":3259.43},{"text":"peace,","start":3259.59,"end":3259.67},{"text":"a","start":3259.83,"end":3259.91},{"text":"contributor","start":3260.15,"end":3260.23},{"text":"to","start":3260.63,"end":3260.71},{"text":"global","start":3260.79,"end":3260.87},{"text":"development,","start":3261.19,"end":3261.27},{"text":"and","start":3261.83,"end":3261.91},{"text":"a","start":3262.15,"end":3262.23},{"text":"defender","start":3262.47,"end":3262.55},{"text":"of","start":3262.79,"end":3262.87},{"text":"international","start":3263.27,"end":3263.35},{"text":"order.","start":3263.59,"end":3264.59}]},{"text":"President Xi Jinping has put forward the important concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind and 4 major global initiatives advocating for a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security 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has been actively engaging in shuttle diplomacy, tirelessly promoting peace talks, and making China's contribution to the political settlement of hotspot issues.","start":3279.33,"end":3287.73,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"China","start":3279.33,"end":3279.41},{"text":"has","start":3279.65,"end":3279.73},{"text":"been","start":3279.81,"end":3279.89},{"text":"actively","start":3280.05,"end":3280.13},{"text":"engaging","start":3280.77,"end":3280.85},{"text":"in","start":3281.25,"end":3281.33},{"text":"shuttle","start":3281.49,"end":3281.57},{"text":"diplomacy,","start":3282.05,"end":3282.45},{"text":"tirelessly","start":3282.77,"end":3283.17},{"text":"promoting","start":3283.41,"end":3283.49},{"text":"peace","start":3283.81,"end":3283.89},{"text":"talks,","start":3284.05,"end":3284.13},{"text":"and","start":3284.53,"end":3284.61},{"text":"making","start":3284.77,"end":3284.85},{"text":"China's","start":3285.17,"end":3285.49},{"text":"contribution","start":3285.73,"end":3285.81},{"text":"to","start":3286.05,"end":3286.13},{"text":"the","start":3286.13,"end":3286.21},{"text":"political","start":3286.21,"end":3286.37},{"text":"settlement","start":3286.61,"end":3286.69},{"text":"of","start":3287.01,"end":3287.09},{"text":"hotspot","start":3287.17,"end":3287.49},{"text":"issues.","start":3287.65,"end":3287.73}]},{"text":"China, together with some other countries, have jointly initiated and established the International Organization for Mediation, filling the gap in the international mediation mechanism and providing a new platform for peaceful settlement of international disputes.","start":3289.49,"end":3302.78,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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invite and welcome the participation of more countries.","start":3302.86,"end":3305.18,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3302.86,"end":3302.94},{"text":"invite","start":3303.18,"end":3303.26},{"text":"and","start":3303.42,"end":3303.5},{"text":"welcome","start":3303.58,"end":3303.66},{"text":"the","start":3303.9,"end":3303.98},{"text":"participation","start":3304.38,"end":3304.46},{"text":"of","start":3304.62,"end":3304.7},{"text":"more","start":3304.86,"end":3304.94},{"text":"countries.","start":3305.1,"end":3305.18}]},{"text":"Last May, Foreign Minister Wang Yi attended the high-level meeting of the Group of Friends on Global Governance, where he proposed 9 key directions for the reform of global governance, forging new consensus for and injecting new impetus to reforming and improving the global 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a permanent member of the Security Council and a responsible major power, China stands ready to work with the international community and make unremitting efforts to promote a more just and equitable global governance system and build a world enjoying peace and development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and shared prosperity.","start":3337.91,"end":3356,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Thank you, Mr. President.","start":3369.24,"end":3371.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3369.24,"end":3369.32},{"text":"you.","start":3369.4,"end":3369.64},{"text":"Thank","start":3369.72,"end":3369.8},{"text":"you,","start":3369.88,"end":3369.96},{"text":"Mr.","start":3370.04,"end":3370.2},{"text":"President.","start":3370.28,"end":3371.28}]},{"text":"Liberia joins in commending the leadership of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Thank you, Mr. President.","start":3372.2,"end":3378.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Liberia","start":3372.2,"end":3372.44},{"text":"joins","start":3372.76,"end":3373.08},{"text":"in","start":3373.16,"end":3373.24},{"text":"commending","start":3373.72,"end":3373.96},{"text":"the","start":3374.84,"end":3374.92},{"text":"leadership","start":3375,"end":3375.08},{"text":"of","start":3375.64,"end":3375.8},{"text":"the","start":3375.88,"end":3375.96},{"text":"Democratic","start":3376.36,"end":3376.44},{"text":"Republic","start":3376.92,"end":3377},{"text":"of","start":3377.24,"end":3377.32},{"text":"the","start":3377.4,"end":3377.48},{"text":"Congo","start":3377.56,"end":3377.88},{"text":"Thank","start":3378.11,"end":3378.19},{"text":"you,","start":3378.19,"end":3378.27},{"text":"Mr.","start":3378.35,"end":3378.51},{"text":"President.","start":3378.51,"end":3378.67}]},{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President, for properly bridging yesterday's vital discussion on natural resource governance directly into today's focus on the peaceful settlement of disputes.","start":3378.67,"end":3393.11,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3378.67,"end":3378.75},{"text":"you,","start":3378.75,"end":3378.91},{"text":"Mr.","start":3378.91,"end":3378.99},{"text":"President,","start":3379.07,"end":3379.23},{"text":"for","start":3379.23,"end":3379.31},{"text":"properly","start":3379.31,"end":3379.39},{"text":"bridging","start":3379.95,"end":3380.27},{"text":"yesterday's","start":3380.67,"end":3381.47},{"text":"vital","start":3381.79,"end":3381.87},{"text":"discussion","start":3382.59,"end":3382.67},{"text":"on","start":3383.23,"end":3383.31},{"text":"natural","start":3383.55,"end":3383.63},{"text":"resource","start":3384.59,"end":3384.67},{"text":"governance","start":3384.99,"end":3385.07},{"text":"directly","start":3386.67,"end":3386.75},{"text":"into","start":3387.47,"end":3387.55},{"text":"today's","start":3387.87,"end":3388.19},{"text":"focus","start":3388.35,"end":3388.43},{"text":"on","start":3389.55,"end":3389.63},{"text":"the","start":3389.79,"end":3389.87},{"text":"peaceful","start":3389.95,"end":3390.03},{"text":"settlement","start":3390.67,"end":3390.75},{"text":"of","start":3391.55,"end":3391.63},{"text":"disputes.","start":3392.11,"end":3393.11}]},{"text":"We also thank the Secretary-General for his forward-looking insights and Pakistan for authoring Resolution 2788 A crucial blueprint for reinvigorating Chapter 6 of our Charter.","start":3393.95,"end":3412.08,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3393.95,"end":3394.03},{"text":"also","start":3394.11,"end":3394.27},{"text":"thank","start":3394.75,"end":3394.83},{"text":"the","start":3395.23,"end":3395.31},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":3395.39,"end":3396.19},{"text":"for","start":3397.39,"end":3397.47},{"text":"his","start":3397.55,"end":3397.63},{"text":"forward-looking","start":3397.87,"end":3398.59},{"text":"insights","start":3399.31,"end":3399.55},{"text":"and","start":3400.91,"end":3400.99},{"text":"Pakistan","start":3401.39,"end":3401.47},{"text":"for","start":3402.51,"end":3402.59},{"text":"authoring","start":3402.75,"end":3403.15},{"text":"Resolution","start":3403.63,"end":3403.71},{"text":"2788","start":3404.51,"end":3405.39},{"text":"A","start":3406.32,"end":3406.4},{"text":"crucial","start":3406.64,"end":3406.8},{"text":"blueprint","start":3407.28,"end":3407.68},{"text":"for","start":3408.64,"end":3408.72},{"text":"reinvigorating","start":3408.88,"end":3409.76},{"text":"Chapter","start":3410.16,"end":3410.24},{"text":"6","start":3410.72,"end":3410.8},{"text":"of","start":3411.52,"end":3411.6},{"text":"our","start":3411.68,"end":3411.76},{"text":"Charter.","start":3412,"end":3412.08}]},{"text":"Resolution 2788 confronts us with a stark reality: the international community routinely treats crisis management as mandatory, but conflict prevention as optional.","start":3415.12,"end":3434.31,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Resolution","start":3415.12,"end":3415.2},{"text":"2788","start":3416.32,"end":3417.44},{"text":"confronts","start":3418.72,"end":3418.96},{"text":"us","start":3419.12,"end":3419.2},{"text":"with","start":3419.76,"end":3419.84},{"text":"a","start":3420.08,"end":3420.16},{"text":"stark","start":3420.4,"end":3420.48},{"text":"reality:","start":3421.12,"end":3421.2},{"text":"the","start":3423.2,"end":3423.28},{"text":"international","start":3423.6,"end":3423.68},{"text":"community","start":3424.24,"end":3424.32},{"text":"routinely","start":3425.52,"end":3425.84},{"text":"treats","start":3426.24,"end":3426.48},{"text":"crisis","start":3426.8,"end":3426.88},{"text":"management","start":3427.44,"end":3427.52},{"text":"as","start":3428.4,"end":3428.48},{"text":"mandatory,","start":3428.8,"end":3428.88},{"text":"but","start":3430.56,"end":3430.64},{"text":"conflict","start":3430.88,"end":3430.96},{"text":"prevention","start":3431.79,"end":3431.87},{"text":"as","start":3432.91,"end":3432.99},{"text":"optional.","start":3433.31,"end":3434.31}]},{"text":"With over 120 active armed conflicts raging worldwide, the highest in decades, we are witnessing the cost of that logic.","start":3435.71,"end":3449.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"With","start":3435.71,"end":3435.79},{"text":"over","start":3436.03,"end":3436.11},{"text":"120","start":3437.95,"end":3438.03},{"text":"active","start":3438.67,"end":3438.75},{"text":"armed","start":3439.31,"end":3439.39},{"text":"conflicts","start":3439.79,"end":3440.27},{"text":"raging","start":3440.59,"end":3440.91},{"text":"worldwide,","start":3441.71,"end":3442.67},{"text":"the","start":3442.91,"end":3442.99},{"text":"highest","start":3443.15,"end":3443.23},{"text":"in","start":3443.79,"end":3443.87},{"text":"decades,","start":3444.11,"end":3445.11},{"text":"we","start":3445.55,"end":3445.63},{"text":"are","start":3445.71,"end":3445.79},{"text":"witnessing","start":3445.95,"end":3446.51},{"text":"the","start":3446.67,"end":3446.75},{"text":"cost","start":3447.07,"end":3447.15},{"text":"of","start":3447.79,"end":3447.87},{"text":"that","start":3448.03,"end":3448.11},{"text":"logic.","start":3448.35,"end":3449.35}]},{"text":"The United Nations and World Bank estimate that scaled-up prevention saves up to $70 billion a year.","start":3450.43,"end":3458.91,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Facts","start":3574.25,"end":3574.49},{"text":"calm","start":3575.61,"end":3575.69},{"text":"rhetoric","start":3576.57,"end":3576.81},{"text":"before","start":3577.93,"end":3578.01},{"text":"accusations","start":3578.81,"end":3578.89},{"text":"inflame","start":3580.09,"end":3580.17},{"text":"violence.","start":3581.13,"end":3582.13}]},{"text":"The power of technical clarification and sustained Chapter 6 diplomacy was proven in the Nigeria-Cameroon Bakassi Peninsula dispute, which successfully averted a major regional war.","start":3583.53,"end":3605.23,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":3730.87,"end":3730.95},{"text":"the","start":3731.43,"end":3731.51},{"text":"truth","start":3731.67,"end":3731.75},{"text":"is,","start":3731.99,"end":3732.07},{"text":"every","start":3733.43,"end":3733.51},{"text":"conflict","start":3734.07,"end":3734.15},{"text":"avoided","start":3734.87,"end":3734.95},{"text":"represents","start":3737.03,"end":3737.11},{"text":"thousands","start":3737.67,"end":3737.75},{"text":"of","start":3738.23,"end":3738.31},{"text":"lives","start":3738.47,"end":3738.55},{"text":"saved,","start":3738.95,"end":3739.03},{"text":"communities","start":3740.39,"end":3740.47},{"text":"preserved,","start":3741.35,"end":3741.43},{"text":"and","start":3742.55,"end":3742.63},{"text":"human","start":3742.87,"end":3742.95},{"text":"dignity","start":3743.43,"end":3743.51},{"text":"safeguarded.","start":3744.79,"end":3745.79}]},{"text":"Resolution 2788 challenges us to replace, as some before me have indicated, reactive management with proactive statecraft.","start":3747.92,"end":3764.52,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Resolution","start":3747.92,"end":3748.24},{"text":"2788","start":3749.2,"end":3750.24},{"text":"challenges","start":3751.36,"end":3751.44},{"text":"us","start":3752.16,"end":3752.24},{"text":"to","start":3753.36,"end":3753.44},{"text":"replace,","start":3753.84,"end":3753.92},{"text":"as","start":3755.12,"end":3755.2},{"text":"some","start":3755.84,"end":3755.92},{"text":"before","start":3756.32,"end":3756.4},{"text":"me","start":3756.64,"end":3756.72},{"text":"have","start":3756.88,"end":3756.96},{"text":"indicated,","start":3757.44,"end":3758.44},{"text":"reactive","start":3759.2,"end":3759.28},{"text":"management","start":3760,"end":3760.08},{"text":"with","start":3761.6,"end":3761.68},{"text":"proactive","start":3762,"end":3762.64},{"text":"statecraft.","start":3763.52,"end":3764.52}]},{"text":"Therefore, let this Council no longer be a body that merely records human tragedy, but the body that actively prevents it.","start":3765.52,"end":3780.28,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":3765.52,"end":3766.52},{"text":"let","start":3767.12,"end":3767.2},{"text":"this","start":3767.44,"end":3767.52},{"text":"Council","start":3767.76,"end":3767.84},{"text":"no","start":3769.2,"end":3769.28},{"text":"longer","start":3769.52,"end":3769.6},{"text":"be","start":3770,"end":3770.08},{"text":"a","start":3770.32,"end":3770.4},{"text":"body","start":3770.56,"end":3770.64},{"text":"that","start":3771.76,"end":3771.84},{"text":"merely","start":3772.08,"end":3772.16},{"text":"records","start":3772.96,"end":3773.04},{"text":"human","start":3773.76,"end":3773.84},{"text":"tragedy,","start":3774.32,"end":3774.96},{"text":"but","start":3775.88,"end":3775.96},{"text":"the","start":3776.44,"end":3776.52},{"text":"body","start":3776.68,"end":3776.76},{"text":"that","start":3777.72,"end":3777.8},{"text":"actively","start":3778.2,"end":3778.28},{"text":"prevents","start":3779.8,"end":3780.04},{"text":"it.","start":3780.2,"end":3780.28}]},{"text":"I thank you for your kind attention.","start":3781.08,"end":3782.36,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3781.08,"end":3781.16},{"text":"thank","start":3781.24,"end":3781.32},{"text":"you","start":3781.4,"end":3781.48},{"text":"for","start":3781.56,"end":3781.64},{"text":"your","start":3781.72,"end":3781.8},{"text":"kind","start":3781.88,"end":3781.96},{"text":"attention.","start":3782.28,"end":3782.36}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"LBR","affiliation_full":"Liberia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":3784.84,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=3785","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Liberia for that 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Federation.","start":3788.04,"end":3791.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3788.04,"end":3788.12},{"text":"now","start":3788.12,"end":3788.28},{"text":"give","start":3788.28,"end":3788.36},{"text":"the","start":3788.44,"end":3788.52},{"text":"floor","start":3788.6,"end":3788.68},{"text":"to","start":3789.24,"end":3789.32},{"text":"the","start":3789.4,"end":3789.48},{"text":"representative","start":3789.8,"end":3789.88},{"text":"of","start":3790.76,"end":3790.84},{"text":"the","start":3790.92,"end":3791},{"text":"Russian","start":3791.08,"end":3791.16},{"text":"Federation.","start":3791.56,"end":3791.64}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":3794.52,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=3795","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. President, we welcome the personal participation of the Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and Francophonie, Ms. in this open debate dedicated to one of the key areas of the UN's work, that is the peaceful settlement of international 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a complex and fast-evolving system of international relations wherein the interests of a large number of states are intertwined, it's inevitable for disagreements between states to 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that very reason, the toolkit for the peaceful settlement of disputes enshrined in the UN Charter should remain the only basis, with no alternatives, the only basis for the maintenance of international peace and security.","start":3829.08,"end":3842.6,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":3829.08,"end":3829.16},{"text":"that","start":3829.24,"end":3829.32},{"text":"very","start":3829.48,"end":3829.56},{"text":"reason,","start":3829.8,"end":3830.36},{"text":"the","start":3830.52,"end":3830.6},{"text":"toolkit","start":3830.76,"end":3831.16},{"text":"for","start":3831.32,"end":3831.4},{"text":"the","start":3831.48,"end":3831.56},{"text":"peaceful","start":3831.64,"end":3831.72},{"text":"settlement","start":3831.96,"end":3832.04},{"text":"of","start":3832.36,"end":3832.44},{"text":"disputes","start":3832.68,"end":3832.92},{"text":"enshrined","start":3833.32,"end":3833.64},{"text":"in","start":3833.64,"end":3833.72},{"text":"the","start":3833.8,"end":3833.88},{"text":"UN","start":3833.88,"end":3833.96},{"text":"Charter","start":3834.2,"end":3834.28},{"text":"should","start":3835.4,"end":3835.48},{"text":"remain","start":3836.28,"end":3836.36},{"text":"the","start":3836.76,"end":3836.84},{"text":"only","start":3837.24,"end":3837.32},{"text":"basis,","start":3837.96,"end":3838.04},{"text":"with","start":3838.52,"end":3838.6},{"text":"no","start":3838.76,"end":3838.84},{"text":"alternatives,","start":3839,"end":3839.4},{"text":"the","start":3839.56,"end":3839.64},{"text":"only","start":3839.72,"end":3839.8},{"text":"basis","start":3840.04,"end":3840.12},{"text":"for","start":3840.52,"end":3840.6},{"text":"the","start":3840.76,"end":3840.84},{"text":"maintenance","start":3840.92,"end":3841},{"text":"of","start":3841.32,"end":3841.4},{"text":"international","start":3841.64,"end":3841.72},{"text":"peace","start":3841.96,"end":3842.04},{"text":"and","start":3842.2,"end":3842.28},{"text":"security.","start":3842.52,"end":3842.6}]},{"text":"We welcome what the Secretary-General said today about the UN's willingness to assist Security Council members in overcoming contradictions and disagreements when interpreting events in an impartial This impartiality must be strengthened.","start":3844.44,"end":3862.29,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3873.01,"end":3873.09},{"text":"resolution","start":3873.49,"end":3873.57},{"text":"reasserted","start":3873.73,"end":3874.37},{"text":"a","start":3875.25,"end":3875.33},{"text":"commitment","start":3875.49,"end":3875.57},{"text":"to","start":3876.13,"end":3876.21},{"text":"peaceful","start":3876.45,"end":3876.53},{"text":"settlement","start":3876.85,"end":3876.93},{"text":"mechanisms","start":3877.49,"end":3877.57},{"text":"listed","start":3878.21,"end":3878.37},{"text":"in","start":3878.69,"end":3878.77},{"text":"Article","start":3879.01,"end":3879.09},{"text":"33","start":3879.41,"end":3879.49},{"text":"of","start":3879.89,"end":3879.97},{"text":"the","start":3879.97,"end":3880.05},{"text":"UN","start":3880.05,"end":3880.13},{"text":"Charter.","start":3880.37,"end":3880.93}]},{"text":"Today, as part of the follow-up to that document, We are yet again discussing the peaceful settlement of disputes with a view to assessing how this principle is being brought to life.","start":3881.25,"end":3893.98,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":3881.25,"end":3881.49},{"text":"as","start":3881.57,"end":3881.65},{"text":"part","start":3881.73,"end":3881.81},{"text":"of","start":3881.89,"end":3881.97},{"text":"the","start":3882.05,"end":3882.13},{"text":"follow-up","start":3882.21,"end":3882.61},{"text":"to","start":3882.85,"end":3882.93},{"text":"that","start":3883.09,"end":3883.17},{"text":"document,","start":3883.49,"end":3884.13},{"text":"We","start":3884.7,"end":3884.78},{"text":"are","start":3884.86,"end":3884.94},{"text":"yet","start":3885.26,"end":3885.34},{"text":"again","start":3885.66,"end":3885.74},{"text":"discussing","start":3886.7,"end":3886.78},{"text":"the","start":3887.42,"end":3887.5},{"text":"peaceful","start":3887.58,"end":3887.66},{"text":"settlement","start":3887.9,"end":3887.98},{"text":"of","start":3888.38,"end":3888.46},{"text":"disputes","start":3888.7,"end":3888.94},{"text":"with","start":3889.5,"end":3889.58},{"text":"a","start":3889.66,"end":3889.74},{"text":"view","start":3889.82,"end":3889.9},{"text":"to","start":3889.98,"end":3890.06},{"text":"assessing","start":3890.38,"end":3890.62},{"text":"how","start":3890.94,"end":3891.02},{"text":"this","start":3891.18,"end":3891.26},{"text":"principle","start":3891.42,"end":3891.5},{"text":"is","start":3891.9,"end":3891.98},{"text":"being","start":3892.3,"end":3892.38},{"text":"brought","start":3892.7,"end":3892.78},{"text":"to","start":3892.94,"end":3893.02},{"text":"life.","start":3893.1,"end":3893.98}]},{"text":"Therefore, we would like to share the following remarks.","start":3894.22,"end":3896.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":3894.22,"end":3894.3},{"text":"we","start":3894.62,"end":3894.7},{"text":"would","start":3894.78,"end":3894.86},{"text":"like","start":3894.94,"end":3895.02},{"text":"to","start":3895.18,"end":3895.26},{"text":"share","start":3895.34,"end":3895.42},{"text":"the","start":3895.58,"end":3895.66},{"text":"following","start":3895.74,"end":3895.82},{"text":"remarks.","start":3896.54,"end":3896.62}]},{"text":"The Russian Federation has traditionally attached great importance to the principle of the peaceful settlement of international disputes.","start":3898.06,"end":3904.54,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3898.06,"end":3898.14},{"text":"Russian","start":3898.14,"end":3898.22},{"text":"Federation","start":3898.62,"end":3898.7},{"text":"has","start":3898.94,"end":3899.02},{"text":"traditionally","start":3899.58,"end":3899.66},{"text":"attached","start":3900.06,"end":3900.14},{"text":"great","start":3900.38,"end":3900.46},{"text":"importance","start":3900.78,"end":3900.86},{"text":"to","start":3901.18,"end":3901.26},{"text":"the","start":3901.34,"end":3901.42},{"text":"principle","start":3901.42,"end":3901.5},{"text":"of","start":3901.9,"end":3901.98},{"text":"the","start":3902.06,"end":3902.14},{"text":"peaceful","start":3902.22,"end":3902.3},{"text":"settlement","start":3902.46,"end":3902.54},{"text":"of","start":3902.86,"end":3902.94},{"text":"international","start":3903.18,"end":3903.26},{"text":"disputes.","start":3903.66,"end":3904.54}]},{"text":"This principle was given pride of place when the UN was established.","start":3904.7,"end":3907.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3904.7,"end":3904.78},{"text":"principle","start":3905.02,"end":3905.1},{"text":"was","start":3905.66,"end":3905.74},{"text":"given","start":3905.9,"end":3905.98},{"text":"pride","start":3906.3,"end":3906.38},{"text":"of","start":3906.46,"end":3906.54},{"text":"place","start":3906.62,"end":3906.7},{"text":"when","start":3906.86,"end":3906.94},{"text":"the","start":3907.02,"end":3907.1},{"text":"UN","start":3907.18,"end":3907.26},{"text":"was","start":3907.5,"end":3907.58},{"text":"established.","start":3907.9,"end":3907.98}]},{"text":"It was enshrined in Charter— Charter— Charter Chapter 6.","start":3908.46,"end":3913.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3908.46,"end":3908.54},{"text":"was","start":3908.62,"end":3908.7},{"text":"enshrined","start":3908.7,"end":3909.26},{"text":"in","start":3909.42,"end":3909.5},{"text":"Charter—","start":3909.66,"end":3910.06},{"text":"Charter—","start":3910.22,"end":3911.22},{"text":"Charter","start":3911.82,"end":3911.9},{"text":"Chapter","start":3912.14,"end":3912.22},{"text":"6.","start":3913.26,"end":3913.34}]},{"text":"It was also enshrined in a number of authoritative consensus-based General Assembly documents, including the 1970 Declaration on the Principles of International Law, as well as the 1982 Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes.","start":3914.54,"end":3927.66,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3914.54,"end":3914.62},{"text":"was","start":3914.7,"end":3914.78},{"text":"also","start":3914.94,"end":3915.02},{"text":"enshrined","start":3915.26,"end":3915.5},{"text":"in","start":3915.66,"end":3915.74},{"text":"a","start":3915.82,"end":3915.9},{"text":"number","start":3915.98,"end":3916.06},{"text":"of","start":3916.22,"end":3916.3},{"text":"authoritative","start":3916.54,"end":3917.1},{"text":"consensus-based","start":3917.42,"end":3917.9},{"text":"General","start":3918.3,"end":3918.38},{"text":"Assembly","start":3918.7,"end":3918.78},{"text":"documents,","start":3919.02,"end":3919.5},{"text":"including","start":3919.66,"end":3919.74},{"text":"the","start":3919.9,"end":3919.98},{"text":"1970","start":3920.38,"end":3920.46},{"text":"Declaration","start":3920.94,"end":3921.02},{"text":"on","start":3921.18,"end":3921.26},{"text":"the","start":3921.34,"end":3921.42},{"text":"Principles","start":3921.42,"end":3921.5},{"text":"of","start":3921.74,"end":3921.82},{"text":"International","start":3922.06,"end":3922.14},{"text":"Law,","start":3922.46,"end":3922.54},{"text":"as","start":3922.78,"end":3922.86},{"text":"well","start":3922.94,"end":3923.02},{"text":"as","start":3923.1,"end":3923.18},{"text":"the","start":3923.26,"end":3923.34},{"text":"1982","start":3923.66,"end":3923.74},{"text":"Manila","start":3924.14,"end":3924.38},{"text":"Declaration","start":3924.86,"end":3924.94},{"text":"on","start":3925.5,"end":3925.58},{"text":"the","start":3925.74,"end":3925.82},{"text":"Peaceful","start":3925.9,"end":3925.98},{"text":"Settlement","start":3926.3,"end":3926.38},{"text":"of","start":3926.62,"end":3926.7},{"text":"International","start":3926.94,"end":3927.02},{"text":"Disputes.","start":3927.42,"end":3927.66}]},{"text":"The way to guarantee the successful implementation of this principle is the strict and in good faith respect for all inextricably linked principles of international law in their entirety, as well as no politicization nor double standards, and the reliance on credible facts.","start":3928.7,"end":3948.77,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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sanctions of such actors last month, as well as in March, demonstrate this.","start":4372.84,"end":4378.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":4372.84,"end":4372.92},{"text":"sanctions","start":4373.08,"end":4373.4},{"text":"of","start":4373.56,"end":4373.64},{"text":"such","start":4373.8,"end":4373.88},{"text":"actors","start":4374.04,"end":4374.12},{"text":"last","start":4374.6,"end":4374.68},{"text":"month,","start":4374.84,"end":4375.4},{"text":"as","start":4375.56,"end":4375.64},{"text":"well","start":4375.8,"end":4375.88},{"text":"as","start":4375.96,"end":4376.04},{"text":"in","start":4376.12,"end":4376.2},{"text":"March,","start":4376.28,"end":4376.36},{"text":"demonstrate","start":4377.16,"end":4377.24},{"text":"this.","start":4377.4,"end":4378.4}]},{"text":"In Europe, the United States led efforts in the Security Council's adoption of Resolution 2774 last February, urging a swift end to the Russia-Ukraine war and a lasting peace between Ukraine and Russia.","start":4378.92,"end":4393.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4378.92,"end":4379},{"text":"Europe,","start":4379.08,"end":4379.56},{"text":"the","start":4379.64,"end":4379.72},{"text":"United","start":4379.88,"end":4379.96},{"text":"States","start":4380.28,"end":4380.36},{"text":"led","start":4380.6,"end":4380.68},{"text":"efforts","start":4380.84,"end":4380.92},{"text":"in","start":4381.24,"end":4381.32},{"text":"the","start":4381.32,"end":4381.4},{"text":"Security","start":4381.56,"end":4381.64},{"text":"Council's","start":4381.88,"end":4382.28},{"text":"adoption","start":4382.36,"end":4382.44},{"text":"of","start":4382.76,"end":4382.84},{"text":"Resolution","start":4383.24,"end":4383.32},{"text":"2774","start":4384.2,"end":4384.68},{"text":"last","start":4385.4,"end":4385.48},{"text":"February,","start":4385.72,"end":4386.6},{"text":"urging","start":4386.76,"end":4387.08},{"text":"a","start":4387.08,"end":4387.24},{"text":"swift","start":4387.32,"end":4387.4},{"text":"end","start":4387.64,"end":4387.72},{"text":"to","start":4388.2,"end":4388.28},{"text":"the","start":4388.36,"end":4388.44},{"text":"Russia-Ukraine","start":4388.52,"end":4389.24},{"text":"war","start":4389.4,"end":4389.48},{"text":"and","start":4390.36,"end":4390.44},{"text":"a","start":4390.6,"end":4390.68},{"text":"lasting","start":4390.76,"end":4391.08},{"text":"peace","start":4391.24,"end":4391.32},{"text":"between","start":4391.88,"end":4391.96},{"text":"Ukraine","start":4392.28,"end":4392.44},{"text":"and","start":4392.52,"end":4392.6},{"text":"Russia.","start":4392.68,"end":4393.64}]},{"text":"Despite this, hostilities rage on.","start":4394.04,"end":4396.36,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":4394.04,"end":4394.12},{"text":"this,","start":4394.36,"end":4394.76},{"text":"hostilities","start":4394.92,"end":4395.48},{"text":"rage","start":4395.72,"end":4395.8},{"text":"on.","start":4395.96,"end":4396.36}]},{"text":"This war must end.","start":4397.75,"end":4399.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4397.75,"end":4397.83},{"text":"war","start":4397.99,"end":4398.07},{"text":"must","start":4398.39,"end":4398.47},{"text":"end.","start":4398.87,"end":4399.87}]},{"text":"Furthermore, in the Gulf region, the United States has continually sought productive, good-faith diplomacy with Iran, efforts which recently culminated in the signing of an MOU between our 2 countries.","start":4401.11,"end":4414.67,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":4401.11,"end":4401.67},{"text":"in","start":4401.75,"end":4401.83},{"text":"the","start":4401.91,"end":4401.99},{"text":"Gulf","start":4402.07,"end":4402.15},{"text":"region,","start":4402.31,"end":4402.71},{"text":"the","start":4402.79,"end":4402.87},{"text":"United","start":4403.11,"end":4403.19},{"text":"States","start":4403.43,"end":4403.51},{"text":"has","start":4403.75,"end":4403.83},{"text":"continually","start":4404.15,"end":4404.23},{"text":"sought","start":4404.79,"end":4404.87},{"text":"productive,","start":4405.19,"end":4405.27},{"text":"good-faith","start":4405.83,"end":4406.15},{"text":"diplomacy","start":4406.55,"end":4406.95},{"text":"with","start":4407.51,"end":4407.59},{"text":"Iran,","start":4407.91,"end":4408.79},{"text":"efforts","start":4409.03,"end":4409.11},{"text":"which","start":4409.51,"end":4409.59},{"text":"recently","start":4409.75,"end":4409.83},{"text":"culminated","start":4410.23,"end":4410.55},{"text":"in","start":4410.87,"end":4410.95},{"text":"the","start":4410.95,"end":4411.03},{"text":"signing","start":4411.11,"end":4411.43},{"text":"of","start":4411.51,"end":4411.59},{"text":"an","start":4411.59,"end":4411.67},{"text":"MOU","start":4411.83,"end":4412.23},{"text":"between","start":4413.03,"end":4413.11},{"text":"our","start":4413.27,"end":4413.35},{"text":"2","start":4413.43,"end":4413.51},{"text":"countries.","start":4413.67,"end":4414.67}]},{"text":"As we have long said and has been obvious, the President's preference is dialogue over conflict.","start":4415.19,"end":4422.63,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4415.19,"end":4415.27},{"text":"we","start":4415.51,"end":4415.59},{"text":"have","start":4415.67,"end":4415.75},{"text":"long","start":4415.91,"end":4415.99},{"text":"said","start":4416.23,"end":4416.31},{"text":"and","start":4416.95,"end":4417.03},{"text":"has","start":4417.19,"end":4417.27},{"text":"been","start":4417.51,"end":4417.59},{"text":"obvious,","start":4417.75,"end":4418.63},{"text":"the","start":4418.79,"end":4418.87},{"text":"President's","start":4418.95,"end":4419.51},{"text":"preference","start":4419.51,"end":4419.59},{"text":"is","start":4420.55,"end":4420.63},{"text":"dialogue","start":4420.87,"end":4421.03},{"text":"over","start":4421.67,"end":4421.75},{"text":"conflict.","start":4421.99,"end":4422.63}]},{"text":"However, Iran has chosen to repeatedly violate international law, defy Security Council Resolution 2817, and undermine the MOU.","start":4423.55,"end":4434.15,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4423.55,"end":4423.63},{"text":"Iran","start":4425.15,"end":4425.23},{"text":"has","start":4425.39,"end":4425.47},{"text":"chosen","start":4425.55,"end":4425.63},{"text":"to","start":4425.95,"end":4426.03},{"text":"repeatedly","start":4426.27,"end":4426.35},{"text":"violate","start":4426.83,"end":4427.23},{"text":"international","start":4427.71,"end":4427.79},{"text":"law,","start":4428.11,"end":4428.19},{"text":"defy","start":4428.75,"end":4428.99},{"text":"Security","start":4429.39,"end":4429.47},{"text":"Council","start":4429.71,"end":4429.79},{"text":"Resolution","start":4430.35,"end":4430.43},{"text":"2817,","start":4430.91,"end":4431.23},{"text":"and","start":4432.11,"end":4432.19},{"text":"undermine","start":4432.43,"end":4432.83},{"text":"the","start":4432.99,"end":4433.07},{"text":"MOU.","start":4433.15,"end":4434.15}]},{"text":"We urge Iran to return to dialogue.","start":4435.07,"end":4438.55,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4435.07,"end":4435.15},{"text":"urge","start":4435.39,"end":4435.47},{"text":"Iran","start":4436.03,"end":4436.11},{"text":"to","start":4436.83,"end":4436.91},{"text":"return","start":4437.15,"end":4437.23},{"text":"to","start":4437.39,"end":4437.47},{"text":"dialogue.","start":4437.55,"end":4438.55}]},{"text":"Absent a decision by Iran to reengage in diplomacy and to respect the outcomes of such, the United States will act to help restore conditions in the Strait of Hormuz.","start":4439.07,"end":4452.42,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4453.34,"end":4453.42},{"text":"also","start":4453.5,"end":4453.66},{"text":"urge","start":4453.9,"end":4453.98},{"text":"Iran","start":4454.3,"end":4454.38},{"text":"to","start":4454.94,"end":4455.02},{"text":"halt","start":4455.1,"end":4455.18},{"text":"its","start":4455.42,"end":4455.5},{"text":"illicit","start":4455.66,"end":4456.06},{"text":"support","start":4456.38,"end":4456.46},{"text":"to","start":4456.94,"end":4457.02},{"text":"the","start":4457.1,"end":4457.18},{"text":"Houthis","start":4457.26,"end":4457.66},{"text":"in","start":4458.14,"end":4458.22},{"text":"violation","start":4458.54,"end":4458.62},{"text":"of","start":4458.86,"end":4458.94},{"text":"UN","start":4459.02,"end":4459.1},{"text":"arms","start":4459.42,"end":4459.5},{"text":"embargoes.","start":4459.9,"end":4460.78}]},{"text":"Despite this, Iran continues to facilitate the transfer of terrorist fighters to and from Yemen, including 2 flights over the past week landing in Sana'a without authorization from the internationally recognized government.","start":4461.26,"end":4476.06,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":4461.26,"end":4461.34},{"text":"this,","start":4461.5,"end":4462.06},{"text":"Iran","start":4462.38,"end":4462.46},{"text":"continues","start":4463.02,"end":4463.1},{"text":"to","start":4463.42,"end":4463.5},{"text":"facilitate","start":4463.74,"end":4463.82},{"text":"the","start":4464.3,"end":4464.38},{"text":"transfer","start":4464.54,"end":4464.62},{"text":"of","start":4465.1,"end":4465.18},{"text":"terrorist","start":4465.34,"end":4465.42},{"text":"fighters","start":4465.98,"end":4466.3},{"text":"to","start":4467.02,"end":4467.1},{"text":"and","start":4467.26,"end":4467.34},{"text":"from","start":4467.5,"end":4467.58},{"text":"Yemen,","start":4467.82,"end":4468.54},{"text":"including","start":4468.94,"end":4469.02},{"text":"2","start":4469.34,"end":4469.42},{"text":"flights","start":4469.58,"end":4469.82},{"text":"over","start":4469.9,"end":4469.98},{"text":"the","start":4470.06,"end":4470.22},{"text":"past","start":4470.22,"end":4470.3},{"text":"week","start":4470.54,"end":4470.62},{"text":"landing","start":4471.18,"end":4471.26},{"text":"in","start":4471.58,"end":4471.66},{"text":"Sana'a","start":4471.82,"end":4471.9},{"text":"without","start":4472.54,"end":4472.62},{"text":"authorization","start":4473.02,"end":4473.5},{"text":"from","start":4473.74,"end":4473.82},{"text":"the","start":4473.9,"end":4473.98},{"text":"internationally","start":4474.46,"end":4474.78},{"text":"recognized","start":4475.26,"end":4475.34},{"text":"government.","start":4475.58,"end":4476.06}]},{"text":"Iran's willful disregard of the collective decisions of this Council is unacceptable.","start":4476.95,"end":4483.95,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4496.15,"end":4496.23},{"text":"further","start":4496.39,"end":4496.47},{"text":"stress","start":4496.79,"end":4496.87},{"text":"that","start":4497.19,"end":4497.27},{"text":"the","start":4497.35,"end":4497.43},{"text":"good","start":4497.51,"end":4497.59},{"text":"offices","start":4497.67,"end":4497.75},{"text":"of","start":4498.23,"end":4498.31},{"text":"the","start":4498.39,"end":4498.47},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":4498.55,"end":4499.19},{"text":"must","start":4499.83,"end":4499.91},{"text":"be","start":4500.07,"end":4500.23},{"text":"able","start":4500.23,"end":4500.39},{"text":"to","start":4500.55,"end":4500.63},{"text":"lead","start":4500.79,"end":4500.87},{"text":"and","start":4501.03,"end":4501.11},{"text":"support","start":4501.43,"end":4501.51},{"text":"mediation","start":4501.67,"end":4502.07},{"text":"and","start":4502.91,"end":4502.99},{"text":"preventive","start":4503.31,"end":4503.55},{"text":"diplomacy","start":4503.79,"end":4504.19},{"text":"efforts","start":4504.59,"end":4504.67},{"text":"when","start":4505.07,"end":4505.15},{"text":"called","start":4505.31,"end":4505.39},{"text":"upon","start":4505.71,"end":4505.79},{"text":"to","start":4505.87,"end":4505.95},{"text":"do","start":4506.03,"end":4506.11},{"text":"so","start":4506.35,"end":4506.43},{"text":"in","start":4507.07,"end":4507.15},{"text":"order","start":4507.31,"end":4507.39},{"text":"to","start":4507.87,"end":4507.95},{"text":"forestall","start":4508.03,"end":4508.43},{"text":"future","start":4509.07,"end":4509.15},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4509.55,"end":4510.55}]},{"text":"In closing, the United States is leading efforts globally and here at the UN to peacefully settle disputes.","start":4511.31,"end":4519.31,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Chapter","start":4622.77,"end":4622.85},{"text":"6,","start":4623.49,"end":4623.57},{"text":"in","start":4625.17,"end":4625.25},{"text":"particular","start":4625.41,"end":4625.49},{"text":"Article","start":4626.21,"end":4626.29},{"text":"33,","start":4626.77,"end":4626.85},{"text":"sets","start":4627.97,"end":4628.05},{"text":"out","start":4628.45,"end":4628.53},{"text":"a","start":4628.69,"end":4628.77},{"text":"range","start":4628.85,"end":4628.93},{"text":"of","start":4629.09,"end":4629.17},{"text":"means","start":4629.33,"end":4629.41},{"text":"to","start":4630.77,"end":4630.85},{"text":"achieve","start":4631.01,"end":4631.09},{"text":"that","start":4631.25,"end":4631.33},{"text":"end,","start":4631.49,"end":4631.57},{"text":"including","start":4632.05,"end":4632.13},{"text":"negotiation,","start":4632.85,"end":4632.93},{"text":"mediation,","start":4633.33,"end":4633.73},{"text":"conciliation,","start":4634.61,"end":4634.69},{"text":"arbitration,","start":4635.17,"end":4635.49},{"text":"judicial","start":4636.13,"end":4636.21},{"text":"settlement","start":4636.49,"end":4636.57},{"text":"and","start":4637.69,"end":4637.77},{"text":"recourse","start":4638.17,"end":4638.25},{"text":"to","start":4638.81,"end":4638.89},{"text":"regional","start":4639.05,"end":4639.13},{"text":"arrangements.","start":4639.85,"end":4640.85}]},{"text":"The importance of Article 34 of the Charter is also evident, as it enables the Security Council to consider any dispute or situation which might threaten international peace and security.","start":4642.01,"end":4653.69,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4642.01,"end":4642.09},{"text":"importance","start":4642.33,"end":4642.41},{"text":"of","start":4642.81,"end":4642.89},{"text":"Article","start":4643.05,"end":4643.13},{"text":"34","start":4643.61,"end":4644.09},{"text":"of","start":4644.33,"end":4644.41},{"text":"the","start":4644.49,"end":4644.57},{"text":"Charter","start":4644.73,"end":4644.81},{"text":"is","start":4645.13,"end":4645.21},{"text":"also","start":4645.37,"end":4645.45},{"text":"evident,","start":4645.93,"end":4646.01},{"text":"as","start":4646.73,"end":4646.81},{"text":"it","start":4646.89,"end":4646.97},{"text":"enables","start":4647.29,"end":4647.53},{"text":"the","start":4647.77,"end":4647.85},{"text":"Security","start":4648.01,"end":4648.09},{"text":"Council","start":4648.41,"end":4648.49},{"text":"to","start":4648.89,"end":4648.97},{"text":"consider","start":4649.21,"end":4649.29},{"text":"any","start":4649.53,"end":4649.61},{"text":"dispute","start":4650.17,"end":4650.25},{"text":"or","start":4650.81,"end":4650.89},{"text":"situation","start":4651.37,"end":4651.45},{"text":"which","start":4651.61,"end":4651.69},{"text":"might","start":4651.85,"end":4651.93},{"text":"threaten","start":4652.17,"end":4652.25},{"text":"international","start":4652.73,"end":4652.81},{"text":"peace","start":4653.05,"end":4653.13},{"text":"and","start":4653.21,"end":4653.29},{"text":"security.","start":4653.61,"end":4653.69}]},{"text":"The early use of this tool can assist the Council in assessing the risks of escalation, supporting mediation efforts, reducing tensions, and creating conditions conducive for diplomatic solutions before situations deteriorate further.","start":4654.57,"end":4671.64,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4654.57,"end":4654.65},{"text":"early","start":4654.73,"end":4654.89},{"text":"use","start":4655.13,"end":4655.21},{"text":"of","start":4655.53,"end":4655.61},{"text":"this","start":4655.77,"end":4655.85},{"text":"tool","start":4656.09,"end":4656.17},{"text":"can","start":4657.05,"end":4657.13},{"text":"assist","start":4657.53,"end":4657.61},{"text":"the","start":4658.01,"end":4658.09},{"text":"Council","start":4658.17,"end":4658.25},{"text":"in","start":4658.57,"end":4658.65},{"text":"assessing","start":4659.29,"end":4659.53},{"text":"the","start":4659.69,"end":4659.77},{"text":"risks","start":4659.85,"end":4659.93},{"text":"of","start":4660.17,"end":4660.25},{"text":"escalation,","start":4660.49,"end":4660.73},{"text":"supporting","start":4661.93,"end":4662.01},{"text":"mediation","start":4662.41,"end":4662.65},{"text":"efforts,","start":4662.97,"end":4663.05},{"text":"reducing","start":4663.8,"end":4663.88},{"text":"tensions,","start":4664.36,"end":4664.68},{"text":"and","start":4665.32,"end":4665.4},{"text":"creating","start":4665.56,"end":4665.64},{"text":"conditions","start":4666.28,"end":4666.36},{"text":"conducive","start":4666.92,"end":4667},{"text":"for","start":4667.32,"end":4667.4},{"text":"diplomatic","start":4667.72,"end":4667.96},{"text":"solutions","start":4668.36,"end":4668.44},{"text":"before","start":4669.48,"end":4669.56},{"text":"situations","start":4670.12,"end":4670.2},{"text":"deteriorate","start":4670.76,"end":4671.24},{"text":"further.","start":4671.56,"end":4671.64}]},{"text":"In this context, the unanimous adoption of Security Council Resolution 2788 of the year 2025, at the initiative of Pakistan, is an important reaffirmation of the need for the effective and coherent use of these tools and for moving beyond the reiteration of principles towards their practical implementation.","start":4672.92,"end":4697.83,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4672.92,"end":4673},{"text":"this","start":4673.08,"end":4673.16},{"text":"context,","start":4673.56,"end":4673.64},{"text":"the","start":4674.04,"end":4674.12},{"text":"unanimous","start":4674.36,"end":4674.44},{"text":"adoption","start":4675,"end":4675.08},{"text":"of","start":4675.32,"end":4675.4},{"text":"Security","start":4675.64,"end":4675.72},{"text":"Council","start":4675.96,"end":4676.04},{"text":"Resolution","start":4676.76,"end":4676.84},{"text":"2788","start":4677.64,"end":4678.44},{"text":"of","start":4679,"end":4679.08},{"text":"the","start":4679.08,"end":4679.16},{"text":"year","start":4679.16,"end":4679.24},{"text":"2025,","start":4680.28,"end":4680.36},{"text":"at","start":4680.92,"end":4681},{"text":"the","start":4681.08,"end":4681.16},{"text":"initiative","start":4681.32,"end":4681.4},{"text":"of","start":4681.72,"end":4681.88},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":4682.04,"end":4682.12},{"text":"is","start":4683.32,"end":4683.4},{"text":"an","start":4683.48,"end":4683.56},{"text":"important","start":4684.04,"end":4684.12},{"text":"reaffirmation","start":4684.84,"end":4685.72},{"text":"of","start":4686.36,"end":4686.44},{"text":"the","start":4686.52,"end":4686.6},{"text":"need","start":4686.68,"end":4686.76},{"text":"for","start":4686.92,"end":4687},{"text":"the","start":4687.16,"end":4687.24},{"text":"effective","start":4687.48,"end":4687.56},{"text":"and","start":4687.8,"end":4687.88},{"text":"coherent","start":4688.12,"end":4688.28},{"text":"use","start":4688.92,"end":4689},{"text":"of","start":4689.47,"end":4689.55},{"text":"these","start":4689.63,"end":4689.71},{"text":"tools","start":4689.95,"end":4690.03},{"text":"and","start":4691.23,"end":4691.31},{"text":"for","start":4691.55,"end":4691.63},{"text":"moving","start":4691.87,"end":4691.95},{"text":"beyond","start":4692.91,"end":4692.99},{"text":"the","start":4693.07,"end":4693.15},{"text":"reiteration","start":4693.15,"end":4693.71},{"text":"of","start":4693.87,"end":4693.95},{"text":"principles","start":4694.11,"end":4694.19},{"text":"towards","start":4694.91,"end":4694.99},{"text":"their","start":4695.23,"end":4695.31},{"text":"practical","start":4695.55,"end":4695.63},{"text":"implementation.","start":4696.83,"end":4697.83}]},{"text":"My country encourages the effective implementation of this resolution through the activation of Chapter 6's tools.","start":4698.43,"end":4705.99,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":4698.43,"end":4698.51},{"text":"country","start":4698.67,"end":4698.75},{"text":"encourages","start":4699.31,"end":4699.63},{"text":"the","start":4699.79,"end":4699.87},{"text":"effective","start":4700.11,"end":4700.19},{"text":"implementation","start":4700.91,"end":4700.99},{"text":"of","start":4701.23,"end":4701.31},{"text":"this","start":4701.39,"end":4701.47},{"text":"resolution","start":4702.11,"end":4702.19},{"text":"through","start":4702.83,"end":4702.91},{"text":"the","start":4702.99,"end":4703.07},{"text":"activation","start":4703.07,"end":4703.47},{"text":"of","start":4703.71,"end":4703.79},{"text":"Chapter","start":4703.95,"end":4704.03},{"text":"6's","start":4704.51,"end":4704.83},{"text":"tools.","start":4704.99,"end":4705.99}]},{"text":"They urge the parties to resort to dialogue, mediation, and confidence-building measures.","start":4706.27,"end":4712.43,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":4712.59,"end":4712.67},{"text":"also","start":4712.83,"end":4712.91},{"text":"call","start":4713.23,"end":4713.31},{"text":"for","start":4713.71,"end":4713.79},{"text":"strengthened","start":4714.11,"end":4714.43},{"text":"coordination","start":4715.07,"end":4715.15},{"text":"between","start":4715.63,"end":4715.79},{"text":"the","start":4715.79,"end":4715.95},{"text":"United","start":4716.03,"end":4716.11},{"text":"Nations","start":4716.43,"end":4716.51},{"text":"and","start":4716.83,"end":4716.91},{"text":"regional","start":4717.07,"end":4717.15},{"text":"organizations","start":4718.11,"end":4718.19},{"text":"to","start":4719,"end":4719.08},{"text":"facilitate","start":4719.32,"end":4719.48},{"text":"reaching","start":4720.36,"end":4720.44},{"text":"peaceful","start":4720.92,"end":4721},{"text":"solutions","start":4721.72,"end":4721.8},{"text":"that","start":4722.28,"end":4722.36},{"text":"enjoy","start":4722.68,"end":4722.76},{"text":"the","start":4722.84,"end":4722.92},{"text":"consent","start":4723.24,"end":4723.32},{"text":"of","start":4723.48,"end":4723.56},{"text":"the","start":4723.72,"end":4723.8},{"text":"parties","start":4723.88,"end":4723.96},{"text":"and","start":4724.84,"end":4724.92},{"text":"take","start":4725.08,"end":4725.16},{"text":"into","start":4725.48,"end":4725.56},{"text":"account","start":4725.8,"end":4725.88},{"text":"the","start":4726.04,"end":4726.12},{"text":"specificities","start":4726.28,"end":4726.92},{"text":"of","start":4727.4,"end":4727.48},{"text":"each","start":4727.64,"end":4727.72},{"text":"dispute.","start":4728.28,"end":4729.28}]},{"text":"The importance of this approach is particularly evident in our region.","start":4729.64,"end":4734.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4729.64,"end":4729.72},{"text":"importance","start":4729.96,"end":4730.04},{"text":"of","start":4730.44,"end":4730.52},{"text":"this","start":4730.6,"end":4730.68},{"text":"approach","start":4731.08,"end":4731.16},{"text":"is","start":4731.56,"end":4731.64},{"text":"particularly","start":4732.12,"end":4732.2},{"text":"evident","start":4732.68,"end":4732.76},{"text":"in","start":4733.16,"end":4733.24},{"text":"our","start":4733.4,"end":4733.48},{"text":"region.","start":4733.72,"end":4734.44}]},{"text":"This comes in light of the serious recent developments arising from Iran's continued attacks against the member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, in addition to the closure of the Strait of Hormuz.","start":4734.6,"end":4749.61,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4734.6,"end":4734.68},{"text":"comes","start":4734.92,"end":4735},{"text":"in","start":4735.16,"end":4735.24},{"text":"light","start":4735.4,"end":4735.48},{"text":"of","start":4735.64,"end":4735.72},{"text":"the","start":4735.8,"end":4735.88},{"text":"serious","start":4736.12,"end":4736.2},{"text":"recent","start":4736.84,"end":4736.92},{"text":"developments","start":4737.48,"end":4737.88},{"text":"arising","start":4738.36,"end":4738.84},{"text":"from","start":4738.92,"end":4739},{"text":"Iran's","start":4739.32,"end":4739.4},{"text":"continued","start":4740.04,"end":4740.12},{"text":"attacks","start":4740.84,"end":4740.92},{"text":"against","start":4741.8,"end":4741.88},{"text":"the","start":4742.12,"end":4742.2},{"text":"member","start":4742.28,"end":4742.36},{"text":"states","start":4742.68,"end":4742.76},{"text":"of","start":4742.92,"end":4743},{"text":"the","start":4743.08,"end":4743.16},{"text":"Gulf","start":4743.24,"end":4743.32},{"text":"Cooperation","start":4743.8,"end":4743.88},{"text":"Council","start":4744.2,"end":4744.28},{"text":"and","start":4744.97,"end":4745.05},{"text":"the","start":4745.13,"end":4745.21},{"text":"Hashemite","start":4745.29,"end":4745.69},{"text":"Kingdom","start":4745.85,"end":4745.93},{"text":"of","start":4746.17,"end":4746.25},{"text":"Jordan,","start":4746.49,"end":4746.57},{"text":"in","start":4747.37,"end":4747.45},{"text":"addition","start":4747.69,"end":4747.77},{"text":"to","start":4747.93,"end":4748.01},{"text":"the","start":4748.09,"end":4748.17},{"text":"closure","start":4748.25,"end":4748.33},{"text":"of","start":4748.57,"end":4748.65},{"text":"the","start":4748.65,"end":4748.73},{"text":"Strait","start":4748.89,"end":4749.05},{"text":"of","start":4749.05,"end":4749.13},{"text":"Hormuz.","start":4749.29,"end":4749.61}]},{"text":"And this also includes targeting commercial vessels and the threat on the security of the states of the region and international maritime routes.","start":4751.61,"end":4762.73,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4762.97,"end":4763.05},{"text":"this","start":4763.13,"end":4763.21},{"text":"regard,","start":4763.45,"end":4763.53},{"text":"the","start":4763.69,"end":4763.77},{"text":"Kingdom","start":4763.85,"end":4763.93},{"text":"of","start":4764.09,"end":4764.17},{"text":"Bahrain","start":4764.17,"end":4764.41},{"text":"expresses","start":4764.65,"end":4764.89},{"text":"its","start":4764.97,"end":4765.05},{"text":"appreciation","start":4765.69,"end":4765.77},{"text":"for","start":4766.25,"end":4766.33},{"text":"the","start":4766.41,"end":4766.49},{"text":"efforts","start":4766.57,"end":4766.65},{"text":"undertaken","start":4767.21,"end":4767.29},{"text":"by","start":4767.61,"end":4767.69},{"text":"the","start":4767.69,"end":4767.77},{"text":"Islamic","start":4767.93,"end":4768.01},{"text":"Republic","start":4768.33,"end":4768.41},{"text":"of","start":4768.57,"end":4768.65},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":4768.81,"end":4768.89},{"text":"the","start":4769.77,"end":4769.93},{"text":"State","start":4770.09,"end":4770.17},{"text":"of","start":4770.25,"end":4770.33},{"text":"Qatar,","start":4770.49,"end":4770.81},{"text":"alongside","start":4771.53,"end":4771.61},{"text":"a","start":4771.77,"end":4771.85},{"text":"number","start":4771.93,"end":4772.01},{"text":"of","start":4772.17,"end":4772.25},{"text":"regional","start":4772.33,"end":4772.41},{"text":"and","start":4772.65,"end":4772.73},{"text":"international","start":4773.13,"end":4773.21},{"text":"States","start":4773.63,"end":4773.71},{"text":"to","start":4774.11,"end":4774.19},{"text":"de-escalate,","start":4774.35,"end":4775.07},{"text":"preserve","start":4776.11,"end":4776.19},{"text":"channels","start":4776.51,"end":4776.59},{"text":"of","start":4777.47,"end":4777.55},{"text":"communication,","start":4778.27,"end":4778.35},{"text":"and","start":4778.59,"end":4778.67},{"text":"create","start":4778.83,"end":4778.91},{"text":"conditions","start":4779.71,"end":4779.79},{"text":"conducive","start":4780.43,"end":4780.75},{"text":"to","start":4780.99,"end":4781.07},{"text":"the","start":4781.07,"end":4781.15},{"text":"resumption","start":4781.23,"end":4781.63},{"text":"of","start":4781.71,"end":4781.79},{"text":"negotiations.","start":4782.27,"end":4782.35}]},{"text":"Mr. President, the Kingdom of Bahrain strongly condemns, in the strongest terms, the recent Iranian attacks targeting the GCC member states and Jordan.","start":4783.79,"end":4795.71,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."},{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":4783.79,"end":4784.03},{"text":"President,","start":4784.27,"end":4784.35},{"text":"the","start":4785.15,"end":4785.23},{"text":"Kingdom","start":4785.31,"end":4785.39},{"text":"of","start":4785.71,"end":4785.79},{"text":"Bahrain","start":4785.95,"end":4786.27},{"text":"strongly","start":4787.47,"end":4787.55},{"text":"condemns,","start":4788.19,"end":4788.43},{"text":"in","start":4788.83,"end":4788.91},{"text":"the","start":4789.07,"end":4789.15},{"text":"strongest","start":4789.31,"end":4789.39},{"text":"terms,","start":4789.79,"end":4789.87},{"text":"the","start":4790.19,"end":4790.35},{"text":"recent","start":4790.35,"end":4790.43},{"text":"Iranian","start":4790.83,"end":4790.91},{"text":"attacks","start":4791.31,"end":4791.39},{"text":"targeting","start":4792.27,"end":4792.75},{"text":"the","start":4793.23,"end":4793.31},{"text":"GCC","start":4793.47,"end":4793.79},{"text":"member","start":4794.03,"end":4794.11},{"text":"states","start":4794.59,"end":4794.67},{"text":"and","start":4795.15,"end":4795.23},{"text":"Jordan.","start":4795.63,"end":4795.71}]},{"text":"The Kingdom also expresses its deep regret over Iran's failure to comply with its commitments, including those undertaken under the Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding.","start":4797.31,"end":4808.64,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4797.31,"end":4797.39},{"text":"Kingdom","start":4797.47,"end":4797.55},{"text":"also","start":4797.95,"end":4798.03},{"text":"expresses","start":4798.51,"end":4798.75},{"text":"its","start":4798.91,"end":4798.99},{"text":"deep","start":4799.36,"end":4799.44},{"text":"regret","start":4799.92,"end":4800},{"text":"over","start":4800.24,"end":4800.32},{"text":"Iran's","start":4800.64,"end":4800.96},{"text":"failure","start":4801.04,"end":4801.12},{"text":"to","start":4801.44,"end":4801.52},{"text":"comply","start":4801.6,"end":4801.92},{"text":"with","start":4802.08,"end":4802.16},{"text":"its","start":4802.32,"end":4802.4},{"text":"commitments,","start":4802.8,"end":4803.12},{"text":"including","start":4803.92,"end":4804},{"text":"those","start":4804.32,"end":4804.4},{"text":"undertaken","start":4805.04,"end":4805.36},{"text":"under","start":4805.76,"end":4805.84},{"text":"the","start":4806.24,"end":4806.32},{"text":"Islamabad","start":4806.88,"end":4807.28},{"text":"Memorandum","start":4807.36,"end":4807.92},{"text":"of","start":4807.92,"end":4808},{"text":"Understanding.","start":4808.56,"end":4808.64}]},{"text":"It also regrets Iran's violation of the Security Council Resolution 2817, which was sponsored by 136 states.","start":4809.44,"end":4818.8,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4809.44,"end":4809.52},{"text":"also","start":4809.68,"end":4809.76},{"text":"regrets","start":4810.08,"end":4810.32},{"text":"Iran's","start":4810.48,"end":4810.56},{"text":"violation","start":4810.88,"end":4810.96},{"text":"of","start":4811.12,"end":4811.2},{"text":"the","start":4811.2,"end":4811.28},{"text":"Security","start":4811.44,"end":4811.52},{"text":"Council","start":4811.76,"end":4811.84},{"text":"Resolution","start":4812.24,"end":4812.32},{"text":"2817,","start":4812.96,"end":4813.36},{"text":"which","start":4814.32,"end":4814.4},{"text":"was","start":4814.56,"end":4814.64},{"text":"sponsored","start":4815.6,"end":4816},{"text":"by","start":4817.04,"end":4817.12},{"text":"136","start":4818,"end":4818.48},{"text":"states.","start":4818.72,"end":4818.8}]},{"text":"This in addition to Iran's continued failure to comply with numerous UN resolutions calling upon it to pursue responsible and constructive conduct that would contribute to the security and stability of the region, instead of fueling tensions and spouting proxies.","start":4819.36,"end":4835.2,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4819.36,"end":4819.44},{"text":"in","start":4819.52,"end":4819.6},{"text":"addition","start":4819.76,"end":4819.84},{"text":"to","start":4820,"end":4820.08},{"text":"Iran's","start":4820.24,"end":4820.32},{"text":"continued","start":4820.72,"end":4820.8},{"text":"failure","start":4821.12,"end":4821.2},{"text":"to","start":4821.52,"end":4821.68},{"text":"comply","start":4821.76,"end":4822},{"text":"with","start":4822.08,"end":4822.16},{"text":"numerous","start":4822.32,"end":4822.4},{"text":"UN","start":4822.8,"end":4822.88},{"text":"resolutions","start":4823.44,"end":4823.76},{"text":"calling","start":4824.24,"end":4824.32},{"text":"upon","start":4824.72,"end":4824.8},{"text":"it","start":4824.88,"end":4824.96},{"text":"to","start":4825.04,"end":4825.12},{"text":"pursue","start":4825.36,"end":4825.44},{"text":"responsible","start":4825.84,"end":4825.92},{"text":"and","start":4826.32,"end":4826.4},{"text":"constructive","start":4826.84,"end":4827.16},{"text":"conduct","start":4827.56,"end":4827.72},{"text":"that","start":4828.2,"end":4828.28},{"text":"would","start":4828.44,"end":4828.52},{"text":"contribute","start":4828.92,"end":4829},{"text":"to","start":4829.24,"end":4829.32},{"text":"the","start":4829.4,"end":4829.48},{"text":"security","start":4829.72,"end":4829.8},{"text":"and","start":4830.04,"end":4830.12},{"text":"stability","start":4830.36,"end":4830.44},{"text":"of","start":4830.68,"end":4830.76},{"text":"the","start":4830.76,"end":4830.84},{"text":"region,","start":4830.92,"end":4831},{"text":"instead","start":4831.96,"end":4832.04},{"text":"of","start":4832.12,"end":4832.2},{"text":"fueling","start":4832.28,"end":4832.6},{"text":"tensions","start":4832.76,"end":4833.08},{"text":"and","start":4833.16,"end":4833.24},{"text":"spouting","start":4833.56,"end":4833.88},{"text":"proxies.","start":4834.2,"end":4835.2}]},{"text":"In this regard, I wish to recall that some of the states targeted by Iran have previously played a positive role in mediating between Iran and the international community.","start":4835.4,"end":4845.72,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4835.4,"end":4835.48},{"text":"this","start":4835.56,"end":4835.64},{"text":"regard,","start":4835.96,"end":4836.04},{"text":"I","start":4836.28,"end":4836.36},{"text":"wish","start":4836.44,"end":4836.52},{"text":"to","start":4836.6,"end":4836.76},{"text":"recall","start":4836.92,"end":4837},{"text":"that","start":4837.16,"end":4837.24},{"text":"some","start":4837.4,"end":4837.48},{"text":"of","start":4837.56,"end":4837.64},{"text":"the","start":4837.64,"end":4837.8},{"text":"states","start":4837.88,"end":4837.96},{"text":"targeted","start":4838.28,"end":4838.36},{"text":"by","start":4838.92,"end":4839},{"text":"Iran","start":4839.32,"end":4839.4},{"text":"have","start":4839.96,"end":4840.04},{"text":"previously","start":4840.2,"end":4840.36},{"text":"played","start":4840.92,"end":4841},{"text":"a","start":4841.08,"end":4841.16},{"text":"positive","start":4841.24,"end":4841.32},{"text":"role","start":4841.8,"end":4841.88},{"text":"in","start":4842.04,"end":4842.12},{"text":"mediating","start":4842.28,"end":4842.6},{"text":"between","start":4843,"end":4843.08},{"text":"Iran","start":4843.4,"end":4843.48},{"text":"and","start":4843.96,"end":4844.04},{"text":"the","start":4844.2,"end":4844.28},{"text":"international","start":4844.52,"end":4844.6},{"text":"community.","start":4845.08,"end":4845.72}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, this did not deter Iran from targeting those states.","start":4846.36,"end":4851.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless,","start":4846.36,"end":4846.76},{"text":"this","start":4846.92,"end":4847},{"text":"did","start":4847.24,"end":4847.32},{"text":"not","start":4847.48,"end":4847.56},{"text":"deter","start":4847.72,"end":4848.04},{"text":"Iran","start":4848.44,"end":4848.52},{"text":"from","start":4849.08,"end":4849.16},{"text":"targeting","start":4849.48,"end":4849.96},{"text":"those","start":4850.6,"end":4850.68},{"text":"states.","start":4851,"end":4851.96}]},{"text":"The Kingdom stresses that the success of mediation requires a cessation of hostilities, respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states, compliance with international law and Security Council resolutions, as well as safeguarding of maritime security.","start":4853.09,"end":4871.17,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":5010,"end":5010.08},{"text":"brokering","start":5010.24,"end":5010.56},{"text":"a","start":5010.64,"end":5010.72},{"text":"peace","start":5010.8,"end":5010.88},{"text":"agreement","start":5011.12,"end":5011.2},{"text":"is","start":5011.44,"end":5011.52},{"text":"only","start":5011.68,"end":5011.76},{"text":"the","start":5012,"end":5012.08},{"text":"first","start":5012.16,"end":5012.24},{"text":"step,","start":5012.8,"end":5012.88},{"text":"as","start":5013.68,"end":5013.76},{"text":"we","start":5013.84,"end":5014},{"text":"have","start":5014,"end":5014.16},{"text":"seen","start":5014.24,"end":5014.32},{"text":"in","start":5014.4,"end":5014.48},{"text":"Gaza.","start":5014.64,"end":5014.88}]},{"text":"We call on all parties to take urgent action to fulfill their commitments under the Comprehensive Plan to End the Gaza Conflict in order to achieve lasting peace for Israelis and Palestinians.","start":5016,"end":5027.52,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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statement.","start":5129.76,"end":5132.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5129.76,"end":5129.84},{"text":"thank","start":5129.92,"end":5130},{"text":"the","start":5130.16,"end":5130.24},{"text":"representative","start":5130.48,"end":5130.56},{"text":"of","start":5130.96,"end":5131.04},{"text":"the","start":5131.04,"end":5131.2},{"text":"United","start":5131.36,"end":5131.44},{"text":"Kingdom","start":5131.68,"end":5131.76},{"text":"for","start":5132.08,"end":5132.16},{"text":"the","start":5132.16,"end":5132.24},{"text":"statement.","start":5132.32,"end":5132.4}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of France.","start":5133.2,"end":5136.68,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5133.2,"end":5133.28},{"text":"now","start":5133.44,"end":5133.52},{"text":"give","start":5133.68,"end":5133.76},{"text":"the","start":5133.84,"end":5133.92},{"text":"floor","start":5134,"end":5134.08},{"text":"to","start":5134.64,"end":5134.72},{"text":"the","start":5134.8,"end":5134.88},{"text":"representative","start":5135.12,"end":5135.2},{"text":"of","start":5135.52,"end":5135.6},{"text":"France.","start":5135.68,"end":5136.68}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":26,"start":5137.21,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=5138","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. President, I'd like to begin by thanking the Congolese Security Council presidency for convening this high-level debate.","start":5137.21,"end":5144.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":5137.21,"end":5137.45},{"text":"President,","start":5137.45,"end":5137.53},{"text":"I'd","start":5138.73,"end":5139.05},{"text":"like","start":5139.05,"end":5139.13},{"text":"to","start":5139.21,"end":5139.29},{"text":"begin","start":5139.53,"end":5139.61},{"text":"by","start":5139.85,"end":5139.93},{"text":"thanking","start":5140.17,"end":5140.25},{"text":"the","start":5140.65,"end":5140.73},{"text":"Congolese","start":5140.81,"end":5141.21},{"text":"Security","start":5141.61,"end":5141.69},{"text":"Council","start":5141.93,"end":5142.01},{"text":"presidency","start":5142.33,"end":5142.41},{"text":"for","start":5143.05,"end":5143.13},{"text":"convening","start":5143.53,"end":5143.77},{"text":"this","start":5143.85,"end":5143.93},{"text":"high-level","start":5144.33,"end":5144.57},{"text":"debate.","start":5144.89,"end":5144.97}]},{"text":"I'd also like to thank Pakistan, the penholder for Resolution 2788 adopted unanimously last year, and I thank the Secretary-General for his 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5521.3,"end":5521.38},{"text":"call","start":5521.7,"end":5521.78},{"text":"for","start":5521.94,"end":5522.02},{"text":"the","start":5522.02,"end":5522.1},{"text":"immediate","start":5522.18,"end":5522.26},{"text":"cessation","start":5522.5,"end":5522.74},{"text":"of","start":5522.82,"end":5522.9},{"text":"hostilities,","start":5522.9,"end":5523.3},{"text":"the","start":5523.46,"end":5523.54},{"text":"resumption","start":5523.7,"end":5523.86},{"text":"of","start":5523.86,"end":5524.02},{"text":"dialogue,","start":5524.1,"end":5524.18},{"text":"and","start":5524.74,"end":5524.82},{"text":"for","start":5525.14,"end":5525.22},{"text":"access","start":5525.46,"end":5525.62},{"text":"to—","start":5526.02,"end":5526.1},{"text":"for","start":5526.58,"end":5526.66},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5527.14,"end":5527.3},{"text":"actors","start":5527.54,"end":5527.62},{"text":"to","start":5527.86,"end":5527.94},{"text":"the","start":5527.94,"end":5528.02},{"text":"civilian","start":5528.18,"end":5528.26},{"text":"population","start":5528.66,"end":5528.74},{"text":"to","start":5528.98,"end":5529.06},{"text":"be","start":5529.06,"end":5529.14},{"text":"facilitated","start":5529.3,"end":5529.54},{"text":"and","start":5529.78,"end":5529.86},{"text":"guaranteed.","start":5529.94,"end":5530.34}]},{"text":"To that end, we support the mediation undertaken by the U.S., Qatar, and Togo on behalf of the African Union.","start":5530.66,"end":5536.58,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5716.02,"end":5716.1},{"text":"also","start":5716.26,"end":5716.34},{"text":"underscored","start":5716.82,"end":5716.9},{"text":"the","start":5717.06,"end":5717.14},{"text":"ability","start":5717.22,"end":5717.3},{"text":"of","start":5717.62,"end":5717.7},{"text":"the","start":5717.78,"end":5717.86},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5717.86,"end":5718.5},{"text":"to","start":5719.22,"end":5719.3},{"text":"bring","start":5719.38,"end":5719.46},{"text":"matters","start":5719.7,"end":5719.78},{"text":"to","start":5720.1,"end":5720.18},{"text":"the","start":5720.26,"end":5720.34},{"text":"attention","start":5720.5,"end":5720.58},{"text":"of","start":5720.98,"end":5721.06},{"text":"the","start":5721.14,"end":5721.22},{"text":"Security","start":5721.46,"end":5721.54},{"text":"Council","start":5721.78,"end":5721.86},{"text":"under","start":5722.58,"end":5722.66},{"text":"Article","start":5722.9,"end":5722.98},{"text":"99","start":5723.3,"end":5723.7},{"text":"as","start":5724.18,"end":5724.26},{"text":"an","start":5724.34,"end":5724.42},{"text":"important","start":5724.74,"end":5724.82},{"text":"preventive","start":5725.3,"end":5725.54},{"text":"tool.","start":5725.67,"end":5726.63}]},{"text":"The Secretary-General's invocation of Article 99 in December 2023, in response to the humanitarian situation in Gaza, demonstrated the continued relevance of this tool.","start":5726.87,"end":5738.63,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5726.87,"end":5726.95},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":5727.03,"end":5727.83},{"text":"invocation","start":5728.39,"end":5728.79},{"text":"of","start":5729.03,"end":5729.11},{"text":"Article","start":5729.19,"end":5729.27},{"text":"99","start":5729.59,"end":5729.99},{"text":"in","start":5730.55,"end":5730.63},{"text":"December","start":5730.87,"end":5730.95},{"text":"2023,","start":5731.83,"end":5731.91},{"text":"in","start":5732.55,"end":5732.63},{"text":"response","start":5732.95,"end":5733.03},{"text":"to","start":5733.19,"end":5733.27},{"text":"the","start":5733.27,"end":5733.43},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5733.75,"end":5733.83},{"text":"situation","start":5734.23,"end":5734.31},{"text":"in","start":5734.47,"end":5734.55},{"text":"Gaza,","start":5734.63,"end":5735.35},{"text":"demonstrated","start":5735.91,"end":5735.99},{"text":"the","start":5736.23,"end":5736.31},{"text":"continued","start":5736.55,"end":5736.63},{"text":"relevance","start":5736.79,"end":5737.19},{"text":"of","start":5737.35,"end":5737.43},{"text":"this","start":5737.51,"end":5737.59},{"text":"tool.","start":5737.75,"end":5738.63}]},{"text":"We encourage its proactive use whenever and wherever the threshold is met and call on this Council to respond to such warnings with the urgency and the decisiveness they demand.","start":5738.87,"end":5751.83,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5738.87,"end":5738.95},{"text":"encourage","start":5739.11,"end":5739.19},{"text":"its","start":5739.59,"end":5739.67},{"text":"proactive","start":5739.91,"end":5739.99},{"text":"use","start":5740.31,"end":5740.39},{"text":"whenever","start":5741.03,"end":5741.11},{"text":"and","start":5741.75,"end":5741.83},{"text":"wherever","start":5741.99,"end":5742.07},{"text":"the","start":5743.11,"end":5743.19},{"text":"threshold","start":5743.27,"end":5743.35},{"text":"is","start":5743.91,"end":5743.99},{"text":"met","start":5744.15,"end":5744.23},{"text":"and","start":5744.87,"end":5744.95},{"text":"call","start":5745.11,"end":5745.19},{"text":"on","start":5745.35,"end":5745.43},{"text":"this","start":5745.51,"end":5745.59},{"text":"Council","start":5745.75,"end":5745.83},{"text":"to","start":5746.55,"end":5746.63},{"text":"respond","start":5746.87,"end":5746.95},{"text":"to","start":5747.11,"end":5747.19},{"text":"such","start":5747.35,"end":5747.43},{"text":"warnings","start":5747.59,"end":5747.99},{"text":"with","start":5748.39,"end":5748.47},{"text":"the","start":5748.55,"end":5748.63},{"text":"urgency","start":5748.71,"end":5749.19},{"text":"and","start":5749.59,"end":5749.67},{"text":"the","start":5749.75,"end":5749.83},{"text":"decisiveness","start":5750.07,"end":5750.15},{"text":"they","start":5751.19,"end":5751.27},{"text":"demand.","start":5751.51,"end":5751.83}]},{"text":"If prevention fails, legal disputes should, as a general rule, be referred to the International Court of Justice.","start":5753.24,"end":5759.16,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":5753.24,"end":5753.32},{"text":"prevention","start":5753.72,"end":5753.8},{"text":"fails,","start":5754.04,"end":5754.36},{"text":"legal","start":5755.08,"end":5755.16},{"text":"disputes","start":5755.64,"end":5755.72},{"text":"should,","start":5755.96,"end":5756.04},{"text":"as","start":5756.28,"end":5756.36},{"text":"a","start":5756.44,"end":5756.52},{"text":"general","start":5756.6,"end":5756.68},{"text":"rule,","start":5756.92,"end":5757},{"text":"be","start":5757.32,"end":5757.4},{"text":"referred","start":5757.64,"end":5757.72},{"text":"to","start":5757.88,"end":5758.04},{"text":"the","start":5758.04,"end":5758.12},{"text":"International","start":5758.36,"end":5758.44},{"text":"Court","start":5758.68,"end":5758.76},{"text":"of","start":5758.84,"end":5758.92},{"text":"Justice.","start":5759.08,"end":5759.16}]},{"text":"As the principal judicial organ of the UN, the ICJ plays an essential role in upholding international law and in supporting the peaceful settlement of disputes.","start":5759.88,"end":5770.04,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5759.88,"end":5759.96},{"text":"the","start":5760.04,"end":5760.12},{"text":"principal","start":5760.2,"end":5760.28},{"text":"judicial","start":5760.76,"end":5760.84},{"text":"organ","start":5761.16,"end":5761.24},{"text":"of","start":5761.48,"end":5761.56},{"text":"the","start":5761.56,"end":5761.64},{"text":"UN,","start":5761.72,"end":5761.8},{"text":"the","start":5762.44,"end":5762.52},{"text":"ICJ","start":5762.6,"end":5763},{"text":"plays","start":5763.32,"end":5763.4},{"text":"an","start":5763.48,"end":5763.56},{"text":"essential","start":5763.8,"end":5763.88},{"text":"role","start":5764.2,"end":5764.28},{"text":"in","start":5764.52,"end":5764.6},{"text":"upholding","start":5764.68,"end":5765.16},{"text":"international","start":5765.56,"end":5765.64},{"text":"law","start":5765.96,"end":5766.04},{"text":"and","start":5766.68,"end":5766.76},{"text":"in","start":5766.92,"end":5767},{"text":"supporting","start":5767.24,"end":5767.32},{"text":"the","start":5767.64,"end":5767.72},{"text":"peaceful","start":5767.8,"end":5767.88},{"text":"settlement","start":5768.28,"end":5768.36},{"text":"of","start":5769,"end":5769.08},{"text":"disputes.","start":5769.88,"end":5770.04}]},{"text":"We encourage all Member States to accept the compulsory jurisdiction of the Court and call for full compliance with the decisions of the Court.","start":5771,"end":5779.07,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5771,"end":5771.08},{"text":"encourage","start":5771.32,"end":5771.4},{"text":"all","start":5771.72,"end":5771.8},{"text":"Member","start":5771.96,"end":5772.04},{"text":"States","start":5772.28,"end":5772.36},{"text":"to","start":5772.92,"end":5773},{"text":"accept","start":5773.24,"end":5773.32},{"text":"the","start":5773.48,"end":5773.56},{"text":"compulsory","start":5773.64,"end":5774.2},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5774.6,"end":5774.68},{"text":"of","start":5775,"end":5775.08},{"text":"the","start":5775.16,"end":5775.24},{"text":"Court","start":5775.32,"end":5775.4},{"text":"and","start":5775.96,"end":5776.04},{"text":"call","start":5776.2,"end":5776.28},{"text":"for","start":5776.44,"end":5776.52},{"text":"full","start":5776.6,"end":5776.68},{"text":"compliance","start":5777.08,"end":5777.16},{"text":"with","start":5777.32,"end":5777.4},{"text":"the","start":5777.63,"end":5777.71},{"text":"decisions","start":5777.87,"end":5777.95},{"text":"of","start":5778.59,"end":5778.67},{"text":"the","start":5778.83,"end":5778.91},{"text":"Court.","start":5778.99,"end":5779.07}]},{"text":"Mr. President, in addition to these fundamental options for actions, 3 points are particularly important to highlight.","start":5780.75,"end":5787.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":5780.75,"end":5780.83},{"text":"President,","start":5781.07,"end":5781.15},{"text":"in","start":5782.35,"end":5782.43},{"text":"addition","start":5782.67,"end":5782.75},{"text":"to","start":5782.91,"end":5782.99},{"text":"these","start":5783.07,"end":5783.15},{"text":"fundamental","start":5783.31,"end":5783.39},{"text":"options","start":5783.95,"end":5784.03},{"text":"for","start":5784.27,"end":5784.35},{"text":"actions,","start":5784.51,"end":5784.59},{"text":"3","start":5785.23,"end":5785.31},{"text":"points","start":5785.47,"end":5785.55},{"text":"are","start":5785.87,"end":5785.95},{"text":"particularly","start":5786.19,"end":5786.27},{"text":"important","start":5786.67,"end":5786.75},{"text":"to","start":5786.99,"end":5787.07},{"text":"highlight.","start":5787.23,"end":5787.31}]},{"text":"First, the Security Council has the ability to adopt binding and enforceable decisions under the Charter.","start":5788.35,"end":5794.11,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5788.35,"end":5788.43},{"text":"the","start":5789.07,"end":5789.15},{"text":"Security","start":5789.39,"end":5789.47},{"text":"Council","start":5789.71,"end":5789.79},{"text":"has","start":5790.03,"end":5790.11},{"text":"the","start":5790.11,"end":5790.27},{"text":"ability","start":5790.35,"end":5790.43},{"text":"to","start":5790.75,"end":5790.83},{"text":"adopt","start":5790.99,"end":5791.07},{"text":"binding","start":5791.23,"end":5791.31},{"text":"and","start":5791.79,"end":5791.87},{"text":"enforceable","start":5792.19,"end":5792.59},{"text":"decisions","start":5792.99,"end":5793.07},{"text":"under","start":5793.55,"end":5793.63},{"text":"the","start":5793.87,"end":5793.95},{"text":"Charter.","start":5794.03,"end":5794.11}]},{"text":"Under Article 25, Member States are obliged to comply with these decisions and implement them.","start":5795.07,"end":5800.59,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":5795.07,"end":5795.15},{"text":"Article","start":5795.31,"end":5795.39},{"text":"25,","start":5796.19,"end":5796.27},{"text":"Member","start":5797.07,"end":5797.15},{"text":"States","start":5797.39,"end":5797.47},{"text":"are","start":5797.63,"end":5797.71},{"text":"obliged","start":5797.87,"end":5797.95},{"text":"to","start":5798.11,"end":5798.19},{"text":"comply","start":5798.19,"end":5798.51},{"text":"with","start":5798.59,"end":5798.67},{"text":"these","start":5798.75,"end":5798.83},{"text":"decisions","start":5799.07,"end":5799.15},{"text":"and","start":5799.79,"end":5799.87},{"text":"implement","start":5800.11,"end":5800.19},{"text":"them.","start":5800.51,"end":5800.59}]},{"text":"Yet, we continue to witness an unwillingness to fully implement Council resolutions by some Member States.","start":5801.47,"end":5808.52,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet,","start":5801.47,"end":5801.55},{"text":"we","start":5802.11,"end":5802.19},{"text":"continue","start":5802.43,"end":5802.51},{"text":"to","start":5802.67,"end":5802.83},{"text":"witness","start":5803.16,"end":5803.24},{"text":"an","start":5803.56,"end":5803.64},{"text":"unwillingness","start":5804.04,"end":5804.44},{"text":"to","start":5804.6,"end":5804.68},{"text":"fully","start":5804.84,"end":5804.92},{"text":"implement","start":5805.64,"end":5805.72},{"text":"Council","start":5805.96,"end":5806.04},{"text":"resolutions","start":5806.52,"end":5806.76},{"text":"by","start":5807,"end":5807.08},{"text":"some","start":5807.16,"end":5807.24},{"text":"Member","start":5807.4,"end":5807.48},{"text":"States.","start":5807.72,"end":5808.52}]},{"text":"Denmark calls on all Member States to fully implement the Council's decisions.","start":5808.92,"end":5814.24,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Denmark","start":5808.92,"end":5809},{"text":"calls","start":5809.08,"end":5809.16},{"text":"on","start":5809.32,"end":5809.4},{"text":"all","start":5809.48,"end":5809.56},{"text":"Member","start":5809.64,"end":5809.72},{"text":"States","start":5809.96,"end":5810.04},{"text":"to","start":5810.44,"end":5810.52},{"text":"fully","start":5810.68,"end":5810.76},{"text":"implement","start":5811.16,"end":5811.24},{"text":"the","start":5811.88,"end":5811.96},{"text":"Council's","start":5812.12,"end":5812.6},{"text":"decisions.","start":5813.24,"end":5814.24}]},{"text":"Second, defending international law and human rights must remain at the heart of this Council's work.","start":5815.16,"end":5821,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5815.16,"end":5815.24},{"text":"defending","start":5816.52,"end":5816.76},{"text":"international","start":5817,"end":5817.08},{"text":"law","start":5817.4,"end":5817.48},{"text":"and","start":5817.48,"end":5817.56},{"text":"human","start":5817.64,"end":5817.72},{"text":"rights","start":5817.88,"end":5817.96},{"text":"must","start":5818.68,"end":5818.76},{"text":"remain","start":5819.08,"end":5819.16},{"text":"at","start":5819.24,"end":5819.32},{"text":"the","start":5819.4,"end":5819.48},{"text":"heart","start":5819.56,"end":5819.64},{"text":"of","start":5819.88,"end":5819.96},{"text":"this","start":5819.96,"end":5820.04},{"text":"Council's","start":5820.28,"end":5820.76},{"text":"work.","start":5820.92,"end":5821}]},{"text":"Responsibility requires restraint.","start":5821.8,"end":5824.76,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsibility","start":5821.8,"end":5822.36},{"text":"requires","start":5823.24,"end":5823.32},{"text":"restraint.","start":5823.96,"end":5824.76}]},{"text":"That includes voluntary restraint on the use of the veto in situations involving mass atrocities.","start":5825,"end":5831.13,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":5825,"end":5825.08},{"text":"includes","start":5825.4,"end":5825.48},{"text":"voluntary","start":5825.72,"end":5825.8},{"text":"restraint","start":5826.52,"end":5826.68},{"text":"on","start":5826.92,"end":5827},{"text":"the","start":5827.08,"end":5827.16},{"text":"use","start":5827.24,"end":5827.32},{"text":"of","start":5827.4,"end":5827.48},{"text":"the","start":5827.56,"end":5827.64},{"text":"veto","start":5827.72,"end":5827.96},{"text":"in","start":5828.44,"end":5828.52},{"text":"situations","start":5828.84,"end":5828.92},{"text":"involving","start":5829.56,"end":5829.64},{"text":"mass","start":5830.25,"end":5830.33},{"text":"atrocities.","start":5830.57,"end":5831.13}]},{"text":"When populations face the gravest crimes, this Council must not be paralyzed.","start":5831.77,"end":5837.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":5831.77,"end":5831.85},{"text":"populations","start":5832.33,"end":5832.41},{"text":"face","start":5833.53,"end":5833.61},{"text":"the","start":5833.77,"end":5833.85},{"text":"gravest","start":5834.01,"end":5834.25},{"text":"crimes,","start":5834.65,"end":5835.21},{"text":"this","start":5835.37,"end":5835.45},{"text":"Council","start":5835.61,"end":5835.69},{"text":"must","start":5836.09,"end":5836.17},{"text":"not","start":5836.25,"end":5836.33},{"text":"be","start":5836.57,"end":5836.65},{"text":"paralyzed.","start":5836.81,"end":5837.81}]},{"text":"Third, prevention requires investment beyond this chamber— in peacebuilding, in confidence-building measures, in early warning mechanisms, and in civil society and youth initiatives.","start":5838.25,"end":5850.29,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5838.25,"end":5839.21},{"text":"prevention","start":5839.61,"end":5839.69},{"text":"requires","start":5840.17,"end":5840.25},{"text":"investment","start":5840.65,"end":5840.73},{"text":"beyond","start":5841.21,"end":5841.29},{"text":"this","start":5841.45,"end":5841.53},{"text":"chamber—","start":5841.69,"end":5842.25},{"text":"in","start":5842.41,"end":5842.49},{"text":"peacebuilding,","start":5842.65,"end":5843.53},{"text":"in","start":5843.69,"end":5843.77},{"text":"confidence-building","start":5843.93,"end":5844.57},{"text":"measures,","start":5844.81,"end":5844.89},{"text":"in","start":5845.45,"end":5845.53},{"text":"early","start":5845.69,"end":5845.77},{"text":"warning","start":5845.93,"end":5846.01},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":5846.25,"end":5846.33},{"text":"and","start":5847.21,"end":5847.29},{"text":"in","start":5847.37,"end":5847.45},{"text":"civil","start":5847.61,"end":5847.69},{"text":"society","start":5848.09,"end":5848.17},{"text":"and","start":5848.65,"end":5848.73},{"text":"youth","start":5848.89,"end":5848.97},{"text":"initiatives.","start":5849.29,"end":5850.29}]},{"text":"Women's full, equal, meaningful and safe participation must be ensured across peace and security efforts.","start":5850.65,"end":5856.41,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. 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the tools we already have, to better serve the people we represent and those who rely on this Council and this organization to 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the representative of Panama.","start":5885.8,"end":5888.04,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5885.8,"end":5885.88},{"text":"now","start":5885.96,"end":5886.04},{"text":"give","start":5886.12,"end":5886.2},{"text":"the","start":5886.2,"end":5886.28},{"text":"floor","start":5886.36,"end":5886.44},{"text":"to","start":5886.6,"end":5886.68},{"text":"the","start":5886.68,"end":5886.76},{"text":"representative","start":5887.08,"end":5887.16},{"text":"of","start":5887.48,"end":5887.56},{"text":"Panama.","start":5887.72,"end":5888.04}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":30,"start":5890.36,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=5891","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":5890.36,"end":5891.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5890.36,"end":5890.44},{"text":"you,","start":5890.6,"end":5890.68},{"text":"Mr.","start":5890.84,"end":5890.92},{"text":"President.","start":5891.16,"end":5891.24}]},{"text":"We'd like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Islamic Republic of Iran for convening this open debate at a time at which the international order is facing major challenges.","start":5893.32,"end":5908.68,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We'd","start":5893.32,"end":5893.56},{"text":"like","start":5893.56,"end":5893.64},{"text":"to","start":5893.72,"end":5893.8},{"text":"thank","start":5893.96,"end":5894.04},{"text":"the","start":5894.2,"end":5894.28},{"text":"Democratic","start":5894.6,"end":5894.68},{"text":"Republic","start":5894.92,"end":5895},{"text":"of","start":5895.16,"end":5895.32},{"text":"the","start":5895.32,"end":5895.4},{"text":"Congo","start":5895.48,"end":5895.72},{"text":"and","start":5896.84,"end":5896.92},{"text":"the","start":5897.16,"end":5897.24},{"text":"Islamic","start":5897.48,"end":5897.56},{"text":"Republic","start":5897.8,"end":5897.88},{"text":"of","start":5898.2,"end":5898.28},{"text":"Iran","start":5898.52,"end":5898.6},{"text":"for","start":5900.04,"end":5900.12},{"text":"convening","start":5900.92,"end":5901.48},{"text":"this","start":5901.88,"end":5901.96},{"text":"open","start":5902.2,"end":5902.28},{"text":"debate","start":5902.68,"end":5902.76},{"text":"at","start":5903.4,"end":5903.48},{"text":"a","start":5903.56,"end":5903.64},{"text":"time","start":5903.72,"end":5903.8},{"text":"at","start":5904.36,"end":5904.44},{"text":"which","start":5904.52,"end":5904.6},{"text":"the","start":5904.92,"end":5905},{"text":"international","start":5905.32,"end":5905.4},{"text":"order","start":5905.96,"end":5906.04},{"text":"is","start":5906.52,"end":5906.6},{"text":"facing","start":5906.76,"end":5906.84},{"text":"major","start":5907.16,"end":5907.24},{"text":"challenges.","start":5907.68,"end":5908.68}]},{"text":"We are also grateful for the timely participation of the UN Secretary-General, and we thank the Secretary-General for his leadership in international peace and security.","start":5909.76,"end":5918.88,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5909.76,"end":5909.84},{"text":"are","start":5909.84,"end":5910},{"text":"also","start":5910,"end":5910.16},{"text":"grateful","start":5910.4,"end":5910.48},{"text":"for","start":5910.88,"end":5910.96},{"text":"the","start":5911.04,"end":5911.12},{"text":"timely","start":5911.28,"end":5911.52},{"text":"participation","start":5911.92,"end":5912},{"text":"of","start":5912.32,"end":5912.4},{"text":"the","start":5912.56,"end":5912.64},{"text":"UN","start":5912.96,"end":5913.04},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":5913.36,"end":5914.36},{"text":"and","start":5914.72,"end":5914.8},{"text":"we","start":5914.96,"end":5915.04},{"text":"thank","start":5915.12,"end":5915.2},{"text":"the","start":5915.28,"end":5915.36},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5915.44,"end":5915.92},{"text":"for","start":5915.92,"end":5916},{"text":"his","start":5916.08,"end":5916.16},{"text":"leadership","start":5916.24,"end":5916.4},{"text":"in","start":5916.88,"end":5916.96},{"text":"international","start":5917.2,"end":5917.28},{"text":"peace","start":5917.52,"end":5917.6},{"text":"and","start":5917.68,"end":5917.76},{"text":"security.","start":5918,"end":5918.88}]},{"text":"President, for 8 decades now, the principles of international law enshrined in the United Nations Charter have represented the legal and political foundation of the international rules-based order as we know it today.","start":5919.12,"end":5936.68,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6284.22,"end":6284.3},{"text":"peaceful","start":6284.46,"end":6284.54},{"text":"settlement","start":6284.94,"end":6285.02},{"text":"of","start":6285.42,"end":6285.5},{"text":"disputes","start":6285.82,"end":6286.14},{"text":"cannot","start":6286.78,"end":6286.86},{"text":"and","start":6287.42,"end":6287.5},{"text":"must","start":6287.74,"end":6287.82},{"text":"not","start":6288.06,"end":6288.14},{"text":"be","start":6288.38,"end":6288.46},{"text":"limited","start":6288.94,"end":6289.02},{"text":"to","start":6289.58,"end":6289.66},{"text":"the","start":6290.3,"end":6290.38},{"text":"conflicts","start":6290.94,"end":6291.42},{"text":"that","start":6291.98,"end":6292.06},{"text":"make","start":6292.54,"end":6292.62},{"text":"the","start":6292.78,"end":6292.86},{"text":"international","start":6293.18,"end":6293.26},{"text":"headlines.","start":6293.74,"end":6293.98}]},{"text":"It should also be extended to those historic disputes, some longstanding in nature, which despite remaining contained continue to represent a source of tension and a legitimate concern to the states involved.","start":6294.22,"end":6309.36,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6294.22,"end":6294.3},{"text":"should","start":6294.38,"end":6294.46},{"text":"also","start":6294.54,"end":6294.7},{"text":"be","start":6295.18,"end":6295.26},{"text":"extended","start":6295.58,"end":6295.66},{"text":"to","start":6296.06,"end":6296.14},{"text":"those","start":6296.3,"end":6296.38},{"text":"historic","start":6297.1,"end":6297.18},{"text":"disputes,","start":6297.98,"end":6298.22},{"text":"some","start":6298.46,"end":6298.54},{"text":"longstanding","start":6298.86,"end":6299.42},{"text":"in","start":6299.5,"end":6299.58},{"text":"nature,","start":6299.66,"end":6299.74},{"text":"which","start":6300.46,"end":6300.54},{"text":"despite","start":6301.02,"end":6301.1},{"text":"remaining","start":6301.84,"end":6301.92},{"text":"contained","start":6302.72,"end":6302.8},{"text":"continue","start":6303.44,"end":6303.52},{"text":"to","start":6304,"end":6304.08},{"text":"represent","start":6304.8,"end":6304.88},{"text":"a","start":6304.96,"end":6305.04},{"text":"source","start":6305.2,"end":6305.28},{"text":"of","start":6305.44,"end":6305.52},{"text":"tension","start":6305.68,"end":6305.76},{"text":"and","start":6306.48,"end":6306.56},{"text":"a","start":6306.8,"end":6306.88},{"text":"legitimate","start":6307.2,"end":6307.28},{"text":"concern","start":6308,"end":6308.08},{"text":"to","start":6308.4,"end":6308.48},{"text":"the","start":6308.56,"end":6308.64},{"text":"states","start":6308.8,"end":6308.88},{"text":"involved.","start":6309.28,"end":6309.36}]},{"text":"Chapter 6 of the Charter is specifically the mechanism designed to avoid existing differences from being perpetuated.","start":6310.56,"end":6320.4,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6400.66,"end":6400.74},{"text":"Charter","start":6400.9,"end":6400.98},{"text":"showed","start":6401.7,"end":6401.78},{"text":"us","start":6401.94,"end":6402.02},{"text":"the","start":6402.82,"end":6402.9},{"text":"way","start":6403.06,"end":6403.14},{"text":"80","start":6403.62,"end":6403.7},{"text":"years","start":6403.94,"end":6404.02},{"text":"ago.","start":6404.26,"end":6404.66}]},{"text":"The responsibility to follow that path remains ours.","start":6405.19,"end":6408.87,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6405.19,"end":6405.27},{"text":"responsibility","start":6405.51,"end":6405.59},{"text":"to","start":6406.23,"end":6406.31},{"text":"follow","start":6406.39,"end":6406.47},{"text":"that","start":6406.95,"end":6407.03},{"text":"path","start":6407.35,"end":6407.43},{"text":"remains","start":6408.07,"end":6408.15},{"text":"ours.","start":6408.39,"end":6408.87}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":6408.95,"end":6410.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6408.95,"end":6409.03},{"text":"you","start":6409.03,"end":6409.19},{"text":"very","start":6409.19,"end":6409.35},{"text":"much.","start":6409.43,"end":6410.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"PAN","affiliation_full":"Panama","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":6411.83,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=6412","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Panama for their statement.","start":6411.83,"end":6414.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6411.83,"end":6411.91},{"text":"thank","start":6411.99,"end":6412.07},{"text":"the","start":6412.15,"end":6412.23},{"text":"representative","start":6412.71,"end":6412.79},{"text":"of","start":6412.95,"end":6413.11},{"text":"Panama","start":6413.27,"end":6413.67},{"text":"for","start":6413.83,"end":6413.91},{"text":"their","start":6414.07,"end":6414.15},{"text":"statement.","start":6414.31,"end":6414.39}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Latvia.","start":6414.63,"end":6417.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6414.63,"end":6414.71},{"text":"now","start":6414.79,"end":6414.87},{"text":"give","start":6414.95,"end":6415.03},{"text":"the","start":6415.03,"end":6415.11},{"text":"floor","start":6415.19,"end":6415.27},{"text":"to","start":6415.43,"end":6415.51},{"text":"the","start":6415.59,"end":6415.67},{"text":"representative","start":6415.91,"end":6415.99},{"text":"of","start":6416.79,"end":6416.87},{"text":"Latvia.","start":6417.03,"end":6417.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":6418.71,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=6419","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, President.","start":6418.71,"end":6419.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6418.71,"end":6418.79},{"text":"you,","start":6418.79,"end":6418.87},{"text":"President.","start":6418.95,"end":6419.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"At the outset, I would like to thank the presidency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Pakistan for this timely debate, and let me also thank the Secretary-General for his briefing and clear recommendations to further strengthen the mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes, and express Latvia's appreciation for Secretary-General's consistently strong stance in defense of the principles of the UN Charter.","start":6420.47,"end":6445.73,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6491.59,"end":6491.67},{"text":"principles","start":6491.75,"end":6491.83},{"text":"outlined","start":6492.47,"end":6492.55},{"text":"in","start":6492.71,"end":6492.79},{"text":"the","start":6492.79,"end":6492.95},{"text":"UN","start":6492.95,"end":6493.03},{"text":"Charter","start":6493.19,"end":6493.27},{"text":"8","start":6493.83,"end":6493.91},{"text":"decades","start":6494.07,"end":6494.15},{"text":"ago","start":6494.63,"end":6494.71},{"text":"were","start":6495.03,"end":6495.11},{"text":"grounded","start":6495.27,"end":6495.51},{"text":"in","start":6495.67,"end":6495.75},{"text":"the","start":6495.83,"end":6495.91},{"text":"recognition","start":6496.47,"end":6496.55},{"text":"of","start":6497.03,"end":6497.11},{"text":"the","start":6497.19,"end":6497.27},{"text":"devastating","start":6497.35,"end":6497.91},{"text":"humanitarian,","start":6498.39,"end":6498.47},{"text":"political,","start":6498.87,"end":6499.03},{"text":"and","start":6499.43,"end":6499.51},{"text":"economic","start":6499.75,"end":6499.83},{"text":"costs","start":6500.15,"end":6500.23},{"text":"of","start":6500.55,"end":6500.63},{"text":"an","start":6500.71,"end":6500.79},{"text":"all-out","start":6500.87,"end":6501.11},{"text":"war.","start":6501.43,"end":6501.51}]},{"text":"Today's developments raise alarm about a gradual global retreat from the lessons of the darkest hours of last century.","start":6502.95,"end":6509.58,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6514.66,"end":6514.74},{"text":"international","start":6514.98,"end":6515.06},{"text":"community","start":6515.38,"end":6515.46},{"text":"must","start":6515.78,"end":6515.86},{"text":"never","start":6516.1,"end":6516.18},{"text":"give","start":6516.5,"end":6516.58},{"text":"up","start":6516.66,"end":6516.74},{"text":"on","start":6517.14,"end":6517.22},{"text":"resisting","start":6517.54,"end":6517.78},{"text":"the","start":6517.86,"end":6517.94},{"text":"currents","start":6518.02,"end":6518.1},{"text":"towards","start":6518.58,"end":6518.66},{"text":"the","start":6518.74,"end":6518.82},{"text":"normalization","start":6518.82,"end":6519.38},{"text":"of","start":6519.86,"end":6519.94},{"text":"the","start":6520.02,"end":6520.1},{"text":"use","start":6520.18,"end":6520.26},{"text":"of","start":6520.34,"end":6520.42},{"text":"force","start":6520.5,"end":6520.58},{"text":"as","start":6520.9,"end":6520.98},{"text":"an","start":6521.06,"end":6521.14},{"text":"instrument","start":6521.38,"end":6521.54},{"text":"of","start":6522.1,"end":6522.18},{"text":"international","start":6522.58,"end":6522.66},{"text":"relations","start":6523.14,"end":6523.22},{"text":"instead","start":6524.26,"end":6524.34},{"text":"of","start":6524.42,"end":6524.5},{"text":"peaceful","start":6524.58,"end":6524.66},{"text":"settlement","start":6524.98,"end":6525.06},{"text":"of","start":6525.38,"end":6525.46},{"text":"disputes.","start":6525.78,"end":6526.78}]},{"text":"To address the current backsliding, it is not enough to simply recommit to the existing principles.","start":6527.14,"end":6533.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":6527.14,"end":6527.22},{"text":"address","start":6527.46,"end":6527.54},{"text":"the","start":6527.62,"end":6527.7},{"text":"current","start":6527.78,"end":6527.86},{"text":"backsliding,","start":6528.9,"end":6529.7},{"text":"it","start":6529.7,"end":6529.78},{"text":"is","start":6529.86,"end":6529.94},{"text":"not","start":6530.02,"end":6530.1},{"text":"enough","start":6530.34,"end":6530.42},{"text":"to","start":6530.82,"end":6530.9},{"text":"simply","start":6530.98,"end":6531.06},{"text":"recommit","start":6531.54,"end":6531.62},{"text":"to","start":6531.7,"end":6531.78},{"text":"the","start":6531.86,"end":6531.94},{"text":"existing","start":6532.1,"end":6532.18},{"text":"principles.","start":6532.5,"end":6533.5}]},{"text":"Preserving a rules-based multilateral system requires a concrete course of action, and let me highlight 3 key elements.","start":6534.11,"end":6541.55,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Preserving","start":6534.11,"end":6534.35},{"text":"a","start":6534.51,"end":6534.59},{"text":"rules-based","start":6534.59,"end":6534.91},{"text":"multilateral","start":6536.43,"end":6536.99},{"text":"system","start":6537.07,"end":6537.15},{"text":"requires","start":6537.79,"end":6537.87},{"text":"a","start":6538.19,"end":6538.27},{"text":"concrete","start":6538.51,"end":6538.59},{"text":"course","start":6538.83,"end":6538.91},{"text":"of","start":6539.07,"end":6539.15},{"text":"action,","start":6539.23,"end":6539.31},{"text":"and","start":6539.79,"end":6539.87},{"text":"let","start":6540.27,"end":6540.35},{"text":"me","start":6540.43,"end":6540.51},{"text":"highlight","start":6540.59,"end":6540.75},{"text":"3","start":6541.07,"end":6541.15},{"text":"key","start":6541.31,"end":6541.39},{"text":"elements.","start":6541.47,"end":6541.55}]},{"text":"First, we need to mobilize the political will to put the principles and mechanisms outlined in Chapter 6 of the UN Charter to work.","start":6543.23,"end":6552.15,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6543.23,"end":6543.31},{"text":"we","start":6544.19,"end":6544.27},{"text":"need","start":6544.35,"end":6544.43},{"text":"to","start":6544.51,"end":6544.59},{"text":"mobilize","start":6544.67,"end":6544.99},{"text":"the","start":6545.23,"end":6545.31},{"text":"political","start":6545.31,"end":6545.55},{"text":"will","start":6545.87,"end":6545.95},{"text":"to","start":6546.75,"end":6546.83},{"text":"put","start":6546.91,"end":6546.99},{"text":"the","start":6547.07,"end":6547.15},{"text":"principles","start":6547.23,"end":6547.31},{"text":"and","start":6547.63,"end":6547.71},{"text":"mechanisms","start":6547.79,"end":6547.87},{"text":"outlined","start":6548.59,"end":6548.75},{"text":"in","start":6548.91,"end":6548.99},{"text":"Chapter","start":6549.47,"end":6549.55},{"text":"6","start":6549.87,"end":6549.95},{"text":"of","start":6550.11,"end":6550.19},{"text":"the","start":6550.27,"end":6550.35},{"text":"UN","start":6550.35,"end":6550.43},{"text":"Charter","start":6550.59,"end":6550.67},{"text":"to","start":6550.99,"end":6551.07},{"text":"work.","start":6551.15,"end":6552.15}]},{"text":"As stated by the Secretary-General last year at the adoption of Resolution 2788, peace is a choice.","start":6552.43,"end":6559.63,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6552.43,"end":6552.51},{"text":"stated","start":6552.67,"end":6552.75},{"text":"by","start":6552.99,"end":6553.07},{"text":"the","start":6553.07,"end":6553.15},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":6553.23,"end":6553.79},{"text":"last","start":6554.03,"end":6554.11},{"text":"year","start":6554.27,"end":6554.35},{"text":"at","start":6554.59,"end":6554.67},{"text":"the","start":6554.67,"end":6554.75},{"text":"adoption","start":6554.91,"end":6554.99},{"text":"of","start":6555.63,"end":6555.71},{"text":"Resolution","start":6555.79,"end":6556.19},{"text":"2788,","start":6556.83,"end":6557.47},{"text":"peace","start":6558.59,"end":6558.67},{"text":"is","start":6558.91,"end":6559.07},{"text":"a","start":6559.07,"end":6559.15},{"text":"choice.","start":6559.31,"end":6559.63}]},{"text":"It is the role of the Security Council, and the UN membership as a whole, to help conflicting parties to make that choice.","start":6561.18,"end":6568.74,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6561.18,"end":6561.26},{"text":"is","start":6561.42,"end":6561.5},{"text":"the","start":6561.58,"end":6561.66},{"text":"role","start":6561.74,"end":6561.82},{"text":"of","start":6562.06,"end":6562.14},{"text":"the","start":6562.22,"end":6562.3},{"text":"Security","start":6562.46,"end":6562.54},{"text":"Council,","start":6562.86,"end":6562.94},{"text":"and","start":6563.58,"end":6563.66},{"text":"the","start":6563.74,"end":6563.82},{"text":"UN","start":6563.9,"end":6563.98},{"text":"membership","start":6564.14,"end":6564.22},{"text":"as","start":6564.54,"end":6564.62},{"text":"a","start":6564.7,"end":6564.78},{"text":"whole,","start":6564.78,"end":6564.86},{"text":"to","start":6565.34,"end":6565.42},{"text":"help","start":6565.5,"end":6565.58},{"text":"conflicting","start":6565.98,"end":6566.22},{"text":"parties","start":6566.38,"end":6566.46},{"text":"to","start":6567.02,"end":6567.1},{"text":"make","start":6567.18,"end":6567.26},{"text":"that","start":6567.5,"end":6567.58},{"text":"choice.","start":6567.74,"end":6568.74}]},{"text":"There should be no bystanders.","start":6569.5,"end":6571.14,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":6569.5,"end":6569.58},{"text":"should","start":6569.66,"end":6569.74},{"text":"be","start":6569.82,"end":6569.9},{"text":"no","start":6569.98,"end":6570.06},{"text":"bystanders.","start":6570.14,"end":6571.14}]},{"text":"Legitimate mediation efforts, good offices, and calls for ceasefires should receive full backing from all responsible members of the international community.","start":6571.98,"end":6581.06,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Legitimate","start":6571.98,"end":6572.06},{"text":"mediation","start":6572.46,"end":6572.78},{"text":"efforts,","start":6572.94,"end":6573.42},{"text":"good","start":6573.58,"end":6573.66},{"text":"offices,","start":6573.74,"end":6573.82},{"text":"and","start":6574.46,"end":6574.54},{"text":"calls","start":6574.7,"end":6574.78},{"text":"for","start":6575.02,"end":6575.1},{"text":"ceasefires","start":6575.18,"end":6575.66},{"text":"should","start":6576.06,"end":6576.14},{"text":"receive","start":6576.38,"end":6576.46},{"text":"full","start":6576.78,"end":6576.86},{"text":"backing","start":6577.1,"end":6577.34},{"text":"from","start":6577.66,"end":6577.74},{"text":"all","start":6577.9,"end":6577.98},{"text":"responsible","start":6578.22,"end":6578.3},{"text":"members","start":6578.7,"end":6578.78},{"text":"of","start":6579.1,"end":6579.18},{"text":"the","start":6579.26,"end":6579.34},{"text":"international","start":6579.58,"end":6579.66},{"text":"community.","start":6580.06,"end":6581.06}]},{"text":"Binding decisions, particularly Security Council resolutions, must be fully implemented rather than obstructed.","start":6581.74,"end":6589.07,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Binding","start":6581.74,"end":6581.82},{"text":"decisions,","start":6582.3,"end":6582.86},{"text":"particularly","start":6583.18,"end":6583.26},{"text":"Security","start":6583.82,"end":6583.9},{"text":"Council","start":6584.14,"end":6584.22},{"text":"resolutions,","start":6584.7,"end":6585.18},{"text":"must","start":6585.67,"end":6585.75},{"text":"be","start":6585.91,"end":6585.99},{"text":"fully","start":6586.15,"end":6586.23},{"text":"implemented","start":6586.63,"end":6586.71},{"text":"rather","start":6587.35,"end":6587.43},{"text":"than","start":6587.67,"end":6587.83},{"text":"obstructed.","start":6588.07,"end":6589.07}]},{"text":"In line with Article 27 of the Charter, when the Council is deliberating on decisions under Chapter VI, a party to a dispute should abstain from voting so as not to block pathways to peace.","start":6589.91,"end":6601.43,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."},{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6589.91,"end":6589.99},{"text":"line","start":6590.15,"end":6590.23},{"text":"with","start":6590.31,"end":6590.39},{"text":"Article","start":6590.55,"end":6590.63},{"text":"27","start":6591.27,"end":6591.59},{"text":"of","start":6591.67,"end":6591.75},{"text":"the","start":6591.83,"end":6591.91},{"text":"Charter,","start":6591.99,"end":6592.07},{"text":"when","start":6592.71,"end":6592.79},{"text":"the","start":6592.87,"end":6592.95},{"text":"Council","start":6593.03,"end":6593.11},{"text":"is","start":6593.43,"end":6593.51},{"text":"deliberating","start":6593.75,"end":6594.07},{"text":"on","start":6594.39,"end":6594.47},{"text":"decisions","start":6594.63,"end":6594.71},{"text":"under","start":6595.03,"end":6595.11},{"text":"Chapter","start":6595.35,"end":6595.43},{"text":"VI,","start":6595.75,"end":6596.47},{"text":"a","start":6596.55,"end":6596.63},{"text":"party","start":6596.79,"end":6596.87},{"text":"to","start":6597.11,"end":6597.19},{"text":"a","start":6597.19,"end":6597.27},{"text":"dispute","start":6597.51,"end":6597.59},{"text":"should","start":6597.83,"end":6597.91},{"text":"abstain","start":6598.07,"end":6598.31},{"text":"from","start":6598.47,"end":6598.55},{"text":"voting","start":6598.71,"end":6598.79},{"text":"so","start":6599.67,"end":6599.75},{"text":"as","start":6599.91,"end":6599.99},{"text":"not","start":6600.07,"end":6600.15},{"text":"to","start":6600.23,"end":6600.31},{"text":"block","start":6600.47,"end":6600.55},{"text":"pathways","start":6600.71,"end":6601.11},{"text":"to","start":6601.19,"end":6601.27},{"text":"peace.","start":6601.35,"end":6601.43}]},{"text":"And this is not a theoretical provision but an underused principle of the Charter that should be applied more consistently.","start":6602.39,"end":6609.15,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6602.39,"end":6602.47},{"text":"this","start":6602.55,"end":6602.63},{"text":"is","start":6602.71,"end":6602.79},{"text":"not","start":6602.87,"end":6602.95},{"text":"a","start":6603.03,"end":6603.11},{"text":"theoretical","start":6603.19,"end":6603.43},{"text":"provision","start":6603.83,"end":6603.91},{"text":"but","start":6604.47,"end":6604.55},{"text":"an","start":6604.55,"end":6604.63},{"text":"underused","start":6604.71,"end":6605.27},{"text":"principle","start":6605.59,"end":6605.67},{"text":"of","start":6606.15,"end":6606.23},{"text":"the","start":6606.23,"end":6606.31},{"text":"Charter","start":6606.47,"end":6606.55},{"text":"that","start":6606.95,"end":6607.03},{"text":"should","start":6607.11,"end":6607.19},{"text":"be","start":6607.27,"end":6607.35},{"text":"applied","start":6607.59,"end":6607.67},{"text":"more","start":6607.83,"end":6607.91},{"text":"consistently.","start":6608.15,"end":6609.15}]},{"text":"Second, There can be no lasting peace without justice and accountability.","start":6610.15,"end":6614.08,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":6610.15,"end":6610.71},{"text":"There","start":6611.36,"end":6611.44},{"text":"can","start":6611.6,"end":6611.68},{"text":"be","start":6611.76,"end":6611.84},{"text":"no","start":6611.92,"end":6612},{"text":"lasting","start":6612.16,"end":6612.24},{"text":"peace","start":6612.56,"end":6612.64},{"text":"without","start":6612.96,"end":6613.04},{"text":"justice","start":6613.36,"end":6613.44},{"text":"and","start":6613.68,"end":6613.76},{"text":"accountability.","start":6613.92,"end":6614.08}]},{"text":"The International Court of Justice, principal institution of the United Nations and indispensable pillar of the international legal order, must be safeguarded as a credible platform for states to address disputes.","start":6615.76,"end":6627.76,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6877.82,"end":6877.9},{"text":"is","start":6877.98,"end":6878.06},{"text":"that","start":6878.14,"end":6878.22},{"text":"we","start":6878.38,"end":6878.46},{"text":"reach","start":6878.62,"end":6878.7},{"text":"for","start":6878.86,"end":6878.94},{"text":"them","start":6879.02,"end":6879.1},{"text":"only","start":6879.9,"end":6879.98},{"text":"after","start":6880.38,"end":6880.46},{"text":"a","start":6880.7,"end":6880.78},{"text":"dispute","start":6881.02,"end":6881.1},{"text":"has","start":6881.58,"end":6881.66},{"text":"stopped","start":6881.9,"end":6881.98},{"text":"being","start":6882.54,"end":6882.62},{"text":"solvable","start":6883.5,"end":6883.9},{"text":"by","start":6884.3,"end":6884.38},{"text":"conversation.","start":6884.94,"end":6885.94}]},{"text":"Allow me to make 4 points.","start":6887.42,"end":6889.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":6887.42,"end":6887.5},{"text":"me","start":6887.58,"end":6887.66},{"text":"to","start":6887.9,"end":6887.98},{"text":"make","start":6888.06,"end":6888.14},{"text":"4","start":6888.38,"end":6888.46},{"text":"points.","start":6888.62,"end":6889.62}]},{"text":"First, prevention is a continuum, not an event.","start":6890.38,"end":6895.86,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6890.38,"end":6890.46},{"text":"prevention","start":6892.3,"end":6892.38},{"text":"is","start":6892.86,"end":6892.94},{"text":"a","start":6893.02,"end":6893.1},{"text":"continuum,","start":6893.34,"end":6893.74},{"text":"not","start":6894.38,"end":6894.46},{"text":"an","start":6894.62,"end":6894.7},{"text":"event.","start":6894.86,"end":6895.86}]},{"text":"Dialogue, mediation, peacekeeping, and recovery are not phases to be handed off, but one unbroken effort grounded in national ownership, adequately resourced, and open to women and youth as partners, not as observers.","start":6896.22,"end":6916.7,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Dialogue,","start":6896.22,"end":6896.86},{"text":"mediation,","start":6896.94,"end":6897.82},{"text":"peacekeeping,","start":6898.06,"end":6898.86},{"text":"and","start":6899.22,"end":6899.3},{"text":"recovery","start":6899.7,"end":6899.78},{"text":"are","start":6900.42,"end":6900.5},{"text":"not","start":6900.66,"end":6900.74},{"text":"phases","start":6900.9,"end":6901.22},{"text":"to","start":6901.38,"end":6901.46},{"text":"be","start":6901.54,"end":6901.62},{"text":"handed","start":6901.7,"end":6901.78},{"text":"off,","start":6902.1,"end":6902.82},{"text":"but","start":6903.06,"end":6903.14},{"text":"one","start":6903.78,"end":6903.86},{"text":"unbroken","start":6904.1,"end":6904.58},{"text":"effort","start":6904.66,"end":6904.74},{"text":"grounded","start":6906.1,"end":6906.34},{"text":"in","start":6906.5,"end":6906.58},{"text":"national","start":6906.66,"end":6906.74},{"text":"ownership,","start":6907.06,"end":6908.02},{"text":"adequately","start":6908.18,"end":6908.26},{"text":"resourced,","start":6908.9,"end":6908.98},{"text":"and","start":6911.86,"end":6911.94},{"text":"open","start":6912.1,"end":6912.18},{"text":"to","start":6912.74,"end":6912.82},{"text":"women","start":6912.82,"end":6912.9},{"text":"and","start":6913.22,"end":6913.3},{"text":"youth","start":6913.46,"end":6913.54},{"text":"as","start":6913.94,"end":6914.02},{"text":"partners,","start":6914.18,"end":6914.82},{"text":"not","start":6914.98,"end":6915.06},{"text":"as","start":6915.3,"end":6915.38},{"text":"observers.","start":6915.7,"end":6916.7}]},{"text":"Second, the council that only reacts is not enough.","start":6917.14,"end":6922.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":6917.14,"end":6918.1},{"text":"the","start":6918.34,"end":6918.42},{"text":"council","start":6918.58,"end":6918.66},{"text":"that","start":6919.54,"end":6919.62},{"text":"only","start":6919.86,"end":6919.94},{"text":"reacts","start":6920.34,"end":6920.42},{"text":"is","start":6921.06,"end":6921.14},{"text":"not","start":6921.3,"end":6921.38},{"text":"enough.","start":6921.62,"end":6922.62}]},{"text":"Early warning without early action merely documents failure in advance, and no early action will be credible while the chapter is applied selectively.","start":6922.82,"end":6933.86,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Early","start":6922.82,"end":6922.9},{"text":"warning","start":6923.22,"end":6923.3},{"text":"without","start":6923.62,"end":6923.7},{"text":"early","start":6924.02,"end":6924.1},{"text":"action","start":6924.34,"end":6924.42},{"text":"merely","start":6925.38,"end":6925.46},{"text":"documents","start":6925.78,"end":6925.86},{"text":"failure","start":6926.34,"end":6926.42},{"text":"in","start":6926.66,"end":6926.74},{"text":"advance,","start":6926.98,"end":6927.06},{"text":"and","start":6928.34,"end":6928.42},{"text":"no","start":6928.58,"end":6928.66},{"text":"early","start":6928.82,"end":6928.9},{"text":"action","start":6929.14,"end":6929.22},{"text":"will","start":6930.02,"end":6930.1},{"text":"be","start":6930.26,"end":6930.34},{"text":"credible","start":6930.42,"end":6930.5},{"text":"while","start":6931.54,"end":6931.62},{"text":"the","start":6931.78,"end":6931.86},{"text":"chapter","start":6931.94,"end":6932.02},{"text":"is","start":6932.34,"end":6932.42},{"text":"applied","start":6932.74,"end":6932.82},{"text":"selectively.","start":6933.46,"end":6933.86}]},{"text":"Third, regional and sub-regional mechanisms are where prevention can actually happen.","start":6936.18,"end":6944.38,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. 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Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":7072.36,"end":7072.6},{"text":"President,","start":7072.68,"end":7073.64},{"text":"Indonesia's","start":7074.12,"end":7074.52},{"text":"own","start":7074.52,"end":7074.6},{"text":"commitment","start":7074.84,"end":7074.92},{"text":"to","start":7075.4,"end":7075.48},{"text":"peaceful","start":7075.56,"end":7075.64},{"text":"settlement","start":7075.96,"end":7076.04},{"text":"of","start":7076.36,"end":7076.44},{"text":"dispute","start":7076.76,"end":7076.84},{"text":"is","start":7077.16,"end":7077.24},{"text":"on","start":7077.32,"end":7077.4},{"text":"record.","start":7077.48,"end":7078.36}]},{"text":"Last December, we acceded to the 1907 Convention of the Pacific Settlement of International Dispute.","start":7078.6,"end":7086.19,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":7112.41,"end":7112.49},{"text":"us","start":7112.65,"end":7112.73},{"text":"ensure","start":7113.13,"end":7113.21},{"text":"that","start":7113.53,"end":7113.61},{"text":"dialogue","start":7113.85,"end":7113.93},{"text":"be","start":7114.41,"end":7114.49},{"text":"our","start":7114.65,"end":7114.73},{"text":"first","start":7114.89,"end":7114.97},{"text":"instinct,","start":7115.37,"end":7115.45},{"text":"not","start":7116.25,"end":7116.33},{"text":"our","start":7116.57,"end":7116.65},{"text":"last","start":7116.81,"end":7116.89},{"text":"resort.","start":7117.21,"end":7117.85}]},{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":7118.09,"end":7119.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7118.09,"end":7118.17},{"text":"you,","start":7118.25,"end":7118.33},{"text":"Mr.","start":7118.41,"end":7118.65},{"text":"President.","start":7118.65,"end":7119.65}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Amanatha Kristiawan Nasir","affiliation":"IDN","affiliation_full":"Indonesia","group":null,"function":"Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs"}},{"statement_number":35,"start":7125.21,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=7126","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank His Excellency, Mr. Nasir, for his 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red light on the microphone will begin flashing towards the end of the 3-minute period, inviting speakers to conclude their 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now give the floor to the representative of Kazakhstan.","start":7153.67,"end":7155.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7153.67,"end":7153.75},{"text":"now","start":7153.83,"end":7153.99},{"text":"give","start":7154.07,"end":7154.15},{"text":"the","start":7154.23,"end":7154.31},{"text":"floor","start":7154.39,"end":7154.47},{"text":"to","start":7154.55,"end":7154.63},{"text":"the","start":7154.63,"end":7154.71},{"text":"representative","start":7154.95,"end":7155.03},{"text":"of","start":7155.27,"end":7155.35},{"text":"Kazakhstan.","start":7155.43,"end":7155.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":36,"start":7156.79,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=7157","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":7156.79,"end":7157.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7156.79,"end":7156.87},{"text":"you,","start":7156.95,"end":7157.03},{"text":"Mr.","start":7157.11,"end":7157.35},{"text":"President.","start":7157.43,"end":7157.51}]},{"text":"We thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this open debate, one year after the adoption by the Security Council on the initiative of Pakistan, Resolution 2788.","start":7158.26,"end":7168.74,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7158.26,"end":7158.34},{"text":"thank","start":7158.42,"end":7158.5},{"text":"the","start":7158.82,"end":7158.9},{"text":"Democratic","start":7159.22,"end":7159.3},{"text":"Republic","start":7159.62,"end":7159.7},{"text":"of","start":7160.02,"end":7160.1},{"text":"the","start":7160.18,"end":7160.26},{"text":"Congo","start":7160.34,"end":7160.58},{"text":"for","start":7160.9,"end":7160.98},{"text":"convening","start":7161.22,"end":7161.46},{"text":"this","start":7161.62,"end":7161.7},{"text":"open","start":7161.86,"end":7161.94},{"text":"debate,","start":7162.34,"end":7162.42},{"text":"one","start":7163.14,"end":7163.22},{"text":"year","start":7163.3,"end":7163.46},{"text":"after","start":7163.54,"end":7163.62},{"text":"the","start":7163.78,"end":7163.86},{"text":"adoption","start":7164.02,"end":7164.1},{"text":"by","start":7164.42,"end":7164.5},{"text":"the","start":7164.5,"end":7164.58},{"text":"Security","start":7164.74,"end":7164.82},{"text":"Council","start":7165.14,"end":7165.22},{"text":"on","start":7165.54,"end":7165.62},{"text":"the","start":7165.7,"end":7165.78},{"text":"initiative","start":7165.86,"end":7165.94},{"text":"of","start":7166.18,"end":7166.26},{"text":"Pakistan,","start":7166.5,"end":7166.58},{"text":"Resolution","start":7167.78,"end":7167.86},{"text":"2788.","start":7168.66,"end":7168.74}]},{"text":"Kazakhstan firmly believes that the peaceful settlement of disputes is not merely a political choice, but a fundamental obligation under the UN Charter.","start":7170.5,"end":7179.54,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Kazakhstan","start":7170.5,"end":7170.82},{"text":"firmly","start":7170.9,"end":7170.98},{"text":"believes","start":7171.3,"end":7171.54},{"text":"that","start":7171.62,"end":7171.7},{"text":"the","start":7171.7,"end":7171.78},{"text":"peaceful","start":7171.86,"end":7171.94},{"text":"settlement","start":7172.26,"end":7172.34},{"text":"of","start":7172.74,"end":7172.82},{"text":"disputes","start":7173.14,"end":7173.3},{"text":"is","start":7173.78,"end":7173.86},{"text":"not","start":7174.02,"end":7174.1},{"text":"merely","start":7174.9,"end":7174.98},{"text":"a","start":7175.38,"end":7175.46},{"text":"political","start":7175.54,"end":7175.7},{"text":"choice,","start":7176.1,"end":7176.18},{"text":"but","start":7176.9,"end":7176.98},{"text":"a","start":7177.14,"end":7177.22},{"text":"fundamental","start":7177.3,"end":7177.38},{"text":"obligation","start":7178.34,"end":7178.42},{"text":"under","start":7178.74,"end":7178.82},{"text":"the","start":7178.9,"end":7179.06},{"text":"UN","start":7179.06,"end":7179.14},{"text":"Charter.","start":7179.46,"end":7179.54}]},{"text":"Adherence to the Charter, including the renunciation of the threat or use of force, respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, and commitment to international law remains essential for global stability.","start":7180.74,"end":7193.23,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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MIKTA.","start":7709.13,"end":7715.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Turkey","start":7709.13,"end":7709.21},{"text":"aligns","start":7709.61,"end":7709.77},{"text":"itself","start":7709.93,"end":7710.01},{"text":"with","start":7710.17,"end":7710.25},{"text":"the","start":7710.33,"end":7710.41},{"text":"statement","start":7710.49,"end":7710.57},{"text":"to","start":7710.89,"end":7710.97},{"text":"be","start":7711.05,"end":7711.13},{"text":"delivered","start":7711.29,"end":7711.37},{"text":"by","start":7711.53,"end":7711.61},{"text":"the","start":7711.69,"end":7711.77},{"text":"distinguished","start":7711.93,"end":7712.01},{"text":"representative","start":7712.57,"end":7712.65},{"text":"of","start":7712.81,"end":7712.89},{"text":"Australia","start":7713.13,"end":7713.29},{"text":"on","start":7713.85,"end":7713.93},{"text":"behalf","start":7714.17,"end":7714.33},{"text":"of","start":7714.49,"end":7714.57},{"text":"MIKTA.","start":7714.65,"end":7715.65}]},{"text":"As the international landscape is marked by deepening polarity and protracted conflicts, the principles enshrined in the UN Charter become all the more indispensable.","start":7716.01,"end":7726.53,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7726.81,"end":7726.89},{"text":"United","start":7727.13,"end":7727.21},{"text":"Nations","start":7727.45,"end":7727.53},{"text":"remains","start":7728.17,"end":7728.25},{"text":"the","start":7728.41,"end":7728.49},{"text":"primary","start":7728.57,"end":7728.65},{"text":"international","start":7729.13,"end":7729.21},{"text":"organization","start":7729.77,"end":7729.85},{"text":"responsible","start":7730.33,"end":7730.41},{"text":"for","start":7730.73,"end":7730.81},{"text":"promoting","start":7731.15,"end":7731.23},{"text":"peace","start":7731.55,"end":7731.63},{"text":"and","start":7731.95,"end":7732.03},{"text":"preventing","start":7732.35,"end":7732.59},{"text":"conflicts","start":7732.83,"end":7733.23},{"text":"through","start":7733.47,"end":7733.55},{"text":"cooperation","start":7733.95,"end":7734.03},{"text":"among","start":7734.27,"end":7734.35},{"text":"Member","start":7734.51,"end":7734.59},{"text":"States.","start":7734.83,"end":7734.91}]},{"text":"The peaceful settlement of disputes, as articulated in Chapter VI of the Charter, remains the cornerstone of our collective responsibility to maintain international peace and security.","start":7736.67,"end":7745.71,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"8","start":8009.71,"end":8009.79},{"text":"decades","start":8010.35,"end":8010.43},{"text":"after","start":8010.83,"end":8010.91},{"text":"the","start":8011.15,"end":8011.23},{"text":"adoption","start":8011.39,"end":8011.47},{"text":"of","start":8011.71,"end":8011.79},{"text":"the","start":8011.87,"end":8011.95},{"text":"Charter,","start":8012.03,"end":8012.11},{"text":"its","start":8013.23,"end":8013.31},{"text":"provisions","start":8013.71,"end":8013.79},{"text":"continue","start":8015.63,"end":8015.71},{"text":"to","start":8016.59,"end":8016.67},{"text":"constitute","start":8016.83,"end":8016.99},{"text":"the","start":8017.79,"end":8017.87},{"text":"legal","start":8017.95,"end":8018.03},{"text":"framework","start":8018.67,"end":8018.75},{"text":"for","start":8019.55,"end":8019.63},{"text":"the","start":8019.71,"end":8019.79},{"text":"management","start":8019.87,"end":8019.95},{"text":"and","start":8020.43,"end":8020.51},{"text":"settlement","start":8020.59,"end":8020.67},{"text":"of","start":8021.23,"end":8021.31},{"text":"international","start":8021.63,"end":8021.71},{"text":"disputes.","start":8022.19,"end":8022.43}]},{"text":"We therefore hold a collective responsibility to respect and implement them.","start":8023.47,"end":8028.62,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8023.47,"end":8023.55},{"text":"therefore","start":8023.63,"end":8023.71},{"text":"hold","start":8024.43,"end":8024.51},{"text":"a","start":8024.75,"end":8024.83},{"text":"collective","start":8024.99,"end":8025.07},{"text":"responsibility","start":8025.47,"end":8025.55},{"text":"to","start":8026.03,"end":8026.11},{"text":"respect","start":8026.58,"end":8026.66},{"text":"and","start":8026.98,"end":8027.06},{"text":"implement","start":8027.3,"end":8027.38},{"text":"them.","start":8027.62,"end":8028.62}]},{"text":"This is precisely the objective for which Security Council Resolution 2788 was adopted.","start":8029.14,"end":8035.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8029.14,"end":8029.22},{"text":"is","start":8029.3,"end":8029.38},{"text":"precisely","start":8029.78,"end":8029.86},{"text":"the","start":8030.18,"end":8030.26},{"text":"objective","start":8030.5,"end":8030.58},{"text":"for","start":8030.82,"end":8030.9},{"text":"which","start":8030.98,"end":8031.06},{"text":"Security","start":8031.38,"end":8031.46},{"text":"Council","start":8031.7,"end":8031.78},{"text":"Resolution","start":8032.26,"end":8032.34},{"text":"2788","start":8033.3,"end":8033.94},{"text":"was","start":8034.1,"end":8034.18},{"text":"adopted.","start":8034.42,"end":8035.42}]},{"text":"The resolution conveyed a clear political message that the peaceful settlement of disputes constitutes a cornerstone of the collective security system, and that the maintenance of international peace and security can only be achieved through strengthening and activating the tools of dialogue, mediation, and preventive diplomacy.","start":8035.62,"end":8058.38,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8035.62,"end":8035.7},{"text":"resolution","start":8036.1,"end":8036.18},{"text":"conveyed","start":8037.06,"end":8037.22},{"text":"a","start":8037.46,"end":8037.54},{"text":"clear","start":8037.7,"end":8037.78},{"text":"political","start":8038.18,"end":8038.26},{"text":"message","start":8038.66,"end":8038.74},{"text":"that","start":8039.54,"end":8039.62},{"text":"the","start":8040.02,"end":8040.1},{"text":"peaceful","start":8040.18,"end":8040.26},{"text":"settlement","start":8040.66,"end":8040.74},{"text":"of","start":8041.06,"end":8041.14},{"text":"disputes","start":8041.46,"end":8041.7},{"text":"constitutes","start":8043.78,"end":8044.42},{"text":"a","start":8044.82,"end":8044.9},{"text":"cornerstone","start":8045.06,"end":8045.62},{"text":"of","start":8046.26,"end":8046.34},{"text":"the","start":8046.42,"end":8046.5},{"text":"collective","start":8046.66,"end":8046.74},{"text":"security","start":8047.14,"end":8047.22},{"text":"system,","start":8047.46,"end":8047.54},{"text":"and","start":8048.42,"end":8048.5},{"text":"that","start":8048.66,"end":8048.74},{"text":"the","start":8049.06,"end":8049.14},{"text":"maintenance","start":8049.22,"end":8049.3},{"text":"of","start":8049.62,"end":8049.7},{"text":"international","start":8049.94,"end":8050.02},{"text":"peace","start":8050.26,"end":8050.34},{"text":"and","start":8050.42,"end":8050.5},{"text":"security","start":8050.74,"end":8050.82},{"text":"can","start":8051.22,"end":8051.3},{"text":"only","start":8051.46,"end":8051.54},{"text":"be","start":8052.14,"end":8052.22},{"text":"achieved","start":8052.46,"end":8052.54},{"text":"through","start":8053.26,"end":8053.34},{"text":"strengthening","start":8053.74,"end":8054.14},{"text":"and","start":8054.38,"end":8054.46},{"text":"activating","start":8054.62,"end":8055.02},{"text":"the","start":8055.34,"end":8055.42},{"text":"tools","start":8055.5,"end":8055.58},{"text":"of","start":8055.9,"end":8055.98},{"text":"dialogue,","start":8056.14,"end":8056.22},{"text":"mediation,","start":8056.62,"end":8056.94},{"text":"and","start":8057.26,"end":8057.34},{"text":"preventive","start":8057.5,"end":8057.74},{"text":"diplomacy.","start":8057.98,"end":8058.38}]},{"text":"Mr. President, while the Charter of the United Nations established the legal framework for the peaceful settlement of disputes, the current international reality compels us to consider ways to enhance the effectiveness of that framework.","start":8060.14,"end":8079.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8060.14,"end":8060.22},{"text":"President,","start":8060.46,"end":8060.54},{"text":"while","start":8063.66,"end":8063.74},{"text":"the","start":8064.14,"end":8064.22},{"text":"Charter","start":8064.38,"end":8064.46},{"text":"of","start":8064.78,"end":8064.86},{"text":"the","start":8064.86,"end":8064.94},{"text":"United","start":8065.02,"end":8065.1},{"text":"Nations","start":8065.34,"end":8065.42},{"text":"established","start":8066.14,"end":8066.22},{"text":"the","start":8066.78,"end":8066.86},{"text":"legal","start":8066.94,"end":8067.02},{"text":"framework","start":8067.58,"end":8067.66},{"text":"for","start":8068.22,"end":8068.3},{"text":"the","start":8068.38,"end":8068.46},{"text":"peaceful","start":8068.46,"end":8068.54},{"text":"settlement","start":8068.86,"end":8068.94},{"text":"of","start":8069.26,"end":8069.34},{"text":"disputes,","start":8069.58,"end":8069.82},{"text":"the","start":8071.02,"end":8071.1},{"text":"current","start":8071.34,"end":8071.42},{"text":"international","start":8072.06,"end":8072.14},{"text":"reality","start":8072.86,"end":8072.94},{"text":"compels","start":8073.9,"end":8074.22},{"text":"us","start":8074.62,"end":8074.7},{"text":"to","start":8075.34,"end":8075.42},{"text":"consider","start":8076.14,"end":8076.22},{"text":"ways","start":8076.78,"end":8076.86},{"text":"to","start":8077.26,"end":8077.34},{"text":"enhance","start":8077.66,"end":8077.74},{"text":"the","start":8077.9,"end":8078.06},{"text":"effectiveness","start":8078.37,"end":8078.45},{"text":"of","start":8079.25,"end":8079.33},{"text":"that","start":8079.41,"end":8079.49},{"text":"framework.","start":8079.73,"end":8079.89}]},{"text":"In this context, the role of middle powers and pivotal states across various regions emerges as one of particular importance.","start":8080.61,"end":8097.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8080.61,"end":8080.69},{"text":"this","start":8080.77,"end":8080.85},{"text":"context,","start":8081.17,"end":8081.25},{"text":"the","start":8082.37,"end":8082.45},{"text":"role","start":8082.61,"end":8082.69},{"text":"of","start":8083.09,"end":8083.17},{"text":"middle","start":8083.41,"end":8083.49},{"text":"powers","start":8083.97,"end":8084.05},{"text":"and","start":8084.93,"end":8085.01},{"text":"pivotal","start":8085.49,"end":8085.89},{"text":"states","start":8086.13,"end":8086.21},{"text":"across","start":8090.45,"end":8090.53},{"text":"various","start":8091.33,"end":8091.41},{"text":"regions","start":8091.81,"end":8091.89},{"text":"emerges","start":8094.53,"end":8094.77},{"text":"as","start":8095.17,"end":8095.25},{"text":"one","start":8095.41,"end":8095.49},{"text":"of","start":8095.73,"end":8095.89},{"text":"particular","start":8096.37,"end":8096.45},{"text":"importance.","start":8097.09,"end":8097.17}]},{"text":"These states possess the national capabilities, political credibility, and diplomatic experience that qualify them to serve as pillars supporting international peace and security.","start":8097.65,"end":8107.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8097.65,"end":8097.73},{"text":"states","start":8097.89,"end":8097.97},{"text":"possess","start":8098.37,"end":8098.45},{"text":"the","start":8098.61,"end":8098.69},{"text":"national","start":8098.77,"end":8098.85},{"text":"capabilities,","start":8099.41,"end":8099.49},{"text":"political","start":8099.89,"end":8100.13},{"text":"credibility,","start":8100.37,"end":8100.69},{"text":"and","start":8101.01,"end":8101.09},{"text":"diplomatic","start":8101.25,"end":8101.49},{"text":"experience","start":8101.89,"end":8101.97},{"text":"that","start":8102.61,"end":8102.69},{"text":"qualify","start":8102.93,"end":8103.01},{"text":"them","start":8103.41,"end":8103.49},{"text":"to","start":8103.65,"end":8103.73},{"text":"serve","start":8103.83,"end":8103.91},{"text":"as","start":8104.23,"end":8104.31},{"text":"pillars","start":8104.47,"end":8104.71},{"text":"supporting","start":8104.95,"end":8105.03},{"text":"international","start":8105.43,"end":8105.51},{"text":"peace","start":8105.75,"end":8105.83},{"text":"and","start":8105.83,"end":8105.91},{"text":"security.","start":8106.15,"end":8107.15}]},{"text":"They are qualified, capable, and willing to play a leading role in building bridges between major powers, facilitating reconciliation between disputing parties, forging consensus, and leading collective action at both regional and international levels.","start":8108.23,"end":8128.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":8108.23,"end":8108.31},{"text":"are","start":8108.47,"end":8108.55},{"text":"qualified,","start":8108.87,"end":8108.95},{"text":"capable,","start":8110.15,"end":8110.23},{"text":"and","start":8110.79,"end":8110.87},{"text":"willing","start":8111.19,"end":8111.27},{"text":"to","start":8112.31,"end":8112.39},{"text":"play","start":8112.63,"end":8112.71},{"text":"a","start":8113.11,"end":8113.19},{"text":"leading","start":8113.35,"end":8113.43},{"text":"role","start":8113.83,"end":8113.91},{"text":"in","start":8114.31,"end":8114.39},{"text":"building","start":8114.55,"end":8114.63},{"text":"bridges","start":8115.03,"end":8115.35},{"text":"between","start":8115.75,"end":8115.83},{"text":"major","start":8115.99,"end":8116.07},{"text":"powers,","start":8116.39,"end":8116.47},{"text":"facilitating","start":8117.51,"end":8117.91},{"text":"reconciliation","start":8119.19,"end":8119.27},{"text":"between","start":8119.67,"end":8119.75},{"text":"disputing","start":8120.07,"end":8120.39},{"text":"parties,","start":8120.71,"end":8120.79},{"text":"forging","start":8121.75,"end":8122.07},{"text":"consensus,","start":8122.47,"end":8122.55},{"text":"and","start":8123.35,"end":8123.43},{"text":"leading","start":8123.67,"end":8123.75},{"text":"collective","start":8124.31,"end":8124.39},{"text":"action","start":8124.71,"end":8124.79},{"text":"at","start":8125.35,"end":8125.43},{"text":"both","start":8125.67,"end":8125.75},{"text":"regional","start":8125.99,"end":8126.07},{"text":"and","start":8126.79,"end":8126.87},{"text":"international","start":8127.35,"end":8127.43},{"text":"levels.","start":8127.75,"end":8128.75}]},{"text":"Mr. President, Egypt, as a pivotal state in the Middle East and Africa, embodies the role that middle powers can play in supporting international peace and security.","start":8130.8,"end":8144.72,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8130.8,"end":8130.88},{"text":"President,","start":8131.12,"end":8131.2},{"text":"Egypt,","start":8133.04,"end":8133.12},{"text":"as","start":8133.92,"end":8134},{"text":"a","start":8134.08,"end":8134.24},{"text":"pivotal","start":8134.32,"end":8134.72},{"text":"state","start":8134.96,"end":8135.04},{"text":"in","start":8135.44,"end":8135.52},{"text":"the","start":8135.52,"end":8135.6},{"text":"Middle","start":8135.68,"end":8135.76},{"text":"East","start":8135.92,"end":8136},{"text":"and","start":8136.56,"end":8136.64},{"text":"Africa,","start":8136.88,"end":8136.96},{"text":"embodies","start":8138.96,"end":8139.52},{"text":"the","start":8140,"end":8140.08},{"text":"role","start":8140.16,"end":8140.24},{"text":"that","start":8140.8,"end":8140.88},{"text":"middle","start":8141.04,"end":8141.12},{"text":"powers","start":8141.44,"end":8141.52},{"text":"can","start":8141.92,"end":8142},{"text":"play","start":8142.24,"end":8142.32},{"text":"in","start":8142.88,"end":8142.96},{"text":"supporting","start":8143.28,"end":8143.36},{"text":"international","start":8143.84,"end":8143.92},{"text":"peace","start":8144.16,"end":8144.32},{"text":"and","start":8144.32,"end":8144.4},{"text":"security.","start":8144.64,"end":8144.72}]},{"text":"Egypt draws upon its strategic location, political weight, longstanding diplomatic legacy, and foreign policy, which is based on promoting dialogue, consolidating security and stability, and advancing development efforts as the fundamental cornerstone of sustainable peacebuilding.","start":8146.4,"end":8168.06,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8146.4,"end":8146.48},{"text":"draws","start":8147.2,"end":8147.44},{"text":"upon","start":8147.6,"end":8147.68},{"text":"its","start":8147.92,"end":8148},{"text":"strategic","start":8148.32,"end":8148.4},{"text":"location,","start":8148.96,"end":8149.04},{"text":"political","start":8150,"end":8150.08},{"text":"weight,","start":8150.56,"end":8150.64},{"text":"longstanding","start":8151.6,"end":8152.32},{"text":"diplomatic","start":8152.96,"end":8153.2},{"text":"legacy,","start":8153.52,"end":8153.6},{"text":"and","start":8154.32,"end":8154.4},{"text":"foreign","start":8154.64,"end":8154.72},{"text":"policy,","start":8155.34,"end":8155.42},{"text":"which","start":8156.06,"end":8156.14},{"text":"is","start":8156.22,"end":8156.3},{"text":"based","start":8156.46,"end":8156.54},{"text":"on","start":8156.94,"end":8157.02},{"text":"promoting","start":8157.34,"end":8157.42},{"text":"dialogue,","start":8157.82,"end":8158.54},{"text":"consolidating","start":8159.02,"end":8159.42},{"text":"security","start":8159.82,"end":8159.98},{"text":"and","start":8160.14,"end":8160.22},{"text":"stability,","start":8160.46,"end":8160.54},{"text":"and","start":8161.18,"end":8161.26},{"text":"advancing","start":8161.74,"end":8161.82},{"text":"development","start":8162.54,"end":8162.62},{"text":"efforts","start":8163.02,"end":8163.1},{"text":"as","start":8163.5,"end":8163.58},{"text":"the","start":8163.66,"end":8163.74},{"text":"fundamental","start":8163.82,"end":8163.9},{"text":"cornerstone","start":8164.62,"end":8165.18},{"text":"of","start":8165.9,"end":8165.98},{"text":"sustainable","start":8166.7,"end":8166.78},{"text":"peacebuilding.","start":8167.5,"end":8168.06}]},{"text":"In the Middle East, Egypt continues its efforts of mediation and de-escalation in cooperation with brothers and partners in the region and around the world.","start":8168.94,"end":8180.22,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8168.94,"end":8169.02},{"text":"the","start":8169.1,"end":8169.18},{"text":"Middle","start":8169.18,"end":8169.26},{"text":"East,","start":8169.42,"end":8169.5},{"text":"Egypt","start":8171.5,"end":8171.58},{"text":"continues","start":8172.3,"end":8172.38},{"text":"its","start":8172.86,"end":8172.94},{"text":"efforts","start":8173.34,"end":8173.42},{"text":"of","start":8174.06,"end":8174.14},{"text":"mediation","start":8174.38,"end":8174.7},{"text":"and","start":8174.94,"end":8175.02},{"text":"de-escalation","start":8175.1,"end":8175.58},{"text":"in","start":8175.82,"end":8175.9},{"text":"cooperation","start":8176.3,"end":8176.38},{"text":"with","start":8176.62,"end":8176.7},{"text":"brothers","start":8176.94,"end":8177.02},{"text":"and","start":8177.26,"end":8177.34},{"text":"partners","start":8177.5,"end":8177.58},{"text":"in","start":8178.22,"end":8178.3},{"text":"the","start":8178.3,"end":8178.38},{"text":"region","start":8178.46,"end":8178.54},{"text":"and","start":8178.94,"end":8179.02},{"text":"around","start":8179.18,"end":8179.26},{"text":"the","start":8179.34,"end":8179.42},{"text":"world.","start":8179.5,"end":8180.22}]},{"text":"It is also facilitating efforts aimed at reaching ceasefire agreements on various fronts and is playing an active role in ensuring humanitarian access.","start":8180.38,"end":8192.6,"topics":[{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8180.38,"end":8180.46},{"text":"is","start":8180.54,"end":8180.62},{"text":"also","start":8180.78,"end":8180.86},{"text":"facilitating","start":8181.5,"end":8181.9},{"text":"efforts","start":8182.8,"end":8182.88},{"text":"aimed","start":8183.68,"end":8183.76},{"text":"at","start":8184,"end":8184.08},{"text":"reaching","start":8184.24,"end":8184.32},{"text":"ceasefire","start":8184.88,"end":8185.36},{"text":"agreements","start":8185.68,"end":8186},{"text":"on","start":8186.4,"end":8186.48},{"text":"various","start":8186.64,"end":8186.72},{"text":"fronts","start":8187.2,"end":8187.44},{"text":"and","start":8188.56,"end":8188.64},{"text":"is","start":8188.72,"end":8188.8},{"text":"playing","start":8189.04,"end":8189.12},{"text":"an","start":8189.36,"end":8189.44},{"text":"active","start":8189.52,"end":8189.6},{"text":"role","start":8189.92,"end":8190},{"text":"in","start":8190.24,"end":8190.32},{"text":"ensuring","start":8190.56,"end":8190.64},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8191.28,"end":8191.44},{"text":"access.","start":8191.6,"end":8192.6}]},{"text":"In Africa, Egypt continues to support the principle of African solutions to African problems.","start":8193.92,"end":8201.52,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8193.92,"end":8194},{"text":"Africa,","start":8194.24,"end":8194.32},{"text":"Egypt","start":8196.8,"end":8196.88},{"text":"continues","start":8197.44,"end":8197.52},{"text":"to","start":8197.76,"end":8197.84},{"text":"support","start":8198,"end":8198.08},{"text":"the","start":8198.16,"end":8198.24},{"text":"principle","start":8198.32,"end":8198.4},{"text":"of","start":8198.8,"end":8198.88},{"text":"African","start":8199.04,"end":8199.12},{"text":"solutions","start":8199.6,"end":8199.68},{"text":"to","start":8199.92,"end":8200},{"text":"African","start":8200.08,"end":8200.16},{"text":"problems.","start":8200.56,"end":8201.52}]},{"text":"We continue to strengthen the role of the African Union in conflict prevention and resolution.","start":8201.76,"end":8207.4,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8201.76,"end":8201.84},{"text":"continue","start":8202.16,"end":8202.24},{"text":"to","start":8202.64,"end":8202.72},{"text":"strengthen","start":8202.88,"end":8202.96},{"text":"the","start":8203.2,"end":8203.28},{"text":"role","start":8203.36,"end":8203.44},{"text":"of","start":8203.52,"end":8203.6},{"text":"the","start":8203.68,"end":8203.76},{"text":"African","start":8203.84,"end":8203.92},{"text":"Union","start":8204.24,"end":8204.32},{"text":"in","start":8204.88,"end":8204.96},{"text":"conflict","start":8205.04,"end":8205.12},{"text":"prevention","start":8205.6,"end":8205.68},{"text":"and","start":8205.92,"end":8206},{"text":"resolution.","start":8206.4,"end":8207.4}]},{"text":"We continue to contribute to peacekeeping operations and building capacities through the Cairo International Center for Conflict Resolution, Peacekeeping, and Peacebuilding.","start":8207.76,"end":8218.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8207.76,"end":8207.84},{"text":"continue","start":8208.08,"end":8208.16},{"text":"to","start":8208.32,"end":8208.4},{"text":"contribute","start":8208.56,"end":8208.64},{"text":"to","start":8209.12,"end":8209.2},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":8209.28,"end":8209.68},{"text":"operations","start":8210.16,"end":8210.24},{"text":"and","start":8210.97,"end":8211.05},{"text":"building","start":8212.41,"end":8212.49},{"text":"capacities","start":8212.73,"end":8213.29},{"text":"through","start":8213.61,"end":8213.69},{"text":"the","start":8213.85,"end":8213.93},{"text":"Cairo","start":8214.25,"end":8214.57},{"text":"International","start":8215.05,"end":8215.13},{"text":"Center","start":8215.53,"end":8215.61},{"text":"for","start":8215.93,"end":8216.01},{"text":"Conflict","start":8216.17,"end":8216.25},{"text":"Resolution,","start":8216.81,"end":8216.89},{"text":"Peacekeeping,","start":8217.13,"end":8217.45},{"text":"and","start":8217.69,"end":8217.77},{"text":"Peacebuilding.","start":8217.93,"end":8218.93}]},{"text":"This center is a leading platform in the fields of mediation, preventive diplomacy, and peacebuilding.","start":8219.77,"end":8225.97,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8219.77,"end":8219.85},{"text":"center","start":8220.01,"end":8220.09},{"text":"is","start":8220.49,"end":8220.57},{"text":"a","start":8220.65,"end":8220.73},{"text":"leading","start":8220.81,"end":8220.89},{"text":"platform","start":8221.21,"end":8221.29},{"text":"in","start":8221.77,"end":8221.85},{"text":"the","start":8221.93,"end":8222.01},{"text":"fields","start":8222.09,"end":8222.17},{"text":"of","start":8222.49,"end":8222.57},{"text":"mediation,","start":8222.65,"end":8222.97},{"text":"preventive","start":8223.77,"end":8224.01},{"text":"diplomacy,","start":8224.41,"end":8224.73},{"text":"and","start":8224.81,"end":8224.89},{"text":"peacebuilding.","start":8224.97,"end":8225.97}]},{"text":"Allow me to conclude, Mr. President, by emphasizing that the future of the international system will not be determined solely by the ability of major powers to manage their differences, but also by the ability of middle powers and regional pivotal states to build consensus, foster trust, and translate the principles of the United Nations Charter into a reality that delivers security, stability, and development for our peoples.","start":8227.05,"end":8258.209,"topics":[{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens 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reaffirm the central role of the United Nations.","start":8258.969,"end":8262.809,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8258.969,"end":8259.049},{"text":"reaffirm","start":8259.129,"end":8259.529},{"text":"the","start":8260.169,"end":8260.249},{"text":"central","start":8260.409,"end":8260.489},{"text":"role","start":8260.969,"end":8261.049},{"text":"of","start":8261.369,"end":8261.449},{"text":"the","start":8261.449,"end":8261.609},{"text":"United","start":8261.689,"end":8261.769},{"text":"Nations.","start":8262.009,"end":8262.809}]},{"text":"Particularly this council, and of the tools available within multilateral the multilateral system in guiding and strengthening these efforts.","start":8263.86,"end":8274.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Particularly","start":8263.86,"end":8263.94},{"text":"this","start":8264.9,"end":8264.98},{"text":"council,","start":8265.3,"end":8265.38},{"text":"and","start":8266.42,"end":8266.5},{"text":"of","start":8266.66,"end":8266.74},{"text":"the","start":8266.82,"end":8266.9},{"text":"tools","start":8267.06,"end":8267.14},{"text":"available","start":8267.78,"end":8267.86},{"text":"within","start":8268.58,"end":8268.66},{"text":"multilateral","start":8268.98,"end":8269.62},{"text":"the","start":8270.5,"end":8270.58},{"text":"multilateral","start":8270.66,"end":8271.3},{"text":"system","start":8271.46,"end":8271.54},{"text":"in","start":8271.86,"end":8271.94},{"text":"guiding","start":8272.1,"end":8272.18},{"text":"and","start":8272.98,"end":8273.06},{"text":"strengthening","start":8273.38,"end":8273.86},{"text":"these","start":8273.94,"end":8274.02},{"text":"efforts.","start":8274.18,"end":8274.26}]},{"text":"I thank you, Mr. President.","start":8274.9,"end":8275.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8274.9,"end":8274.98},{"text":"thank","start":8275.06,"end":8275.14},{"text":"you,","start":8275.22,"end":8275.3},{"text":"Mr.","start":8275.38,"end":8275.46},{"text":"President.","start":8275.62,"end":8275.7}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"EGY","affiliation_full":"Egypt","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":43,"start":8276.74,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=8277","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Je remercie le représentant.","start":8276.74,"end":8278.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":8276.74,"end":8276.82},{"text":"remercie","start":8277.06,"end":8277.14},{"text":"le","start":8277.38,"end":8277.46},{"text":"représentant.","start":8277.46,"end":8278.02}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Egypt for the statement.","start":8278.1,"end":8280.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8278.1,"end":8278.18},{"text":"thank","start":8278.26,"end":8278.34},{"text":"the","start":8278.5,"end":8278.58},{"text":"representative","start":8278.74,"end":8278.82},{"text":"of","start":8279.06,"end":8279.14},{"text":"Egypt","start":8279.3,"end":8279.38},{"text":"for","start":8279.78,"end":8279.86},{"text":"the","start":8280.02,"end":8280.1},{"text":"statement.","start":8280.18,"end":8280.26}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Algeria.","start":8280.66,"end":8283.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8280.66,"end":8280.74},{"text":"now","start":8280.82,"end":8280.9},{"text":"give","start":8280.98,"end":8281.06},{"text":"the","start":8281.14,"end":8281.22},{"text":"floor","start":8281.38,"end":8281.46},{"text":"to","start":8281.94,"end":8282.02},{"text":"the","start":8282.18,"end":8282.26},{"text":"representative","start":8282.5,"end":8282.58},{"text":"of","start":8282.82,"end":8282.9},{"text":"Algeria.","start":8282.98,"end":8283.38}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":44,"start":8285.62,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=8286","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. President.","start":8285.62,"end":8287.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8285.62,"end":8285.7},{"text":"you,","start":8285.78,"end":8285.94},{"text":"Mr.","start":8286.1,"end":8286.18},{"text":"President.","start":8286.42,"end":8287.42}]},{"text":"Allow me at the outset to congratulate the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this timely open debate, debate which takes place one year after the adoption of Resolution 2788.","start":8289.31,"end":8312.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":8289.31,"end":8289.39},{"text":"me","start":8289.55,"end":8289.63},{"text":"at","start":8289.95,"end":8290.03},{"text":"the","start":8290.11,"end":8290.19},{"text":"outset","start":8290.27,"end":8290.59},{"text":"to","start":8291.31,"end":8291.39},{"text":"congratulate","start":8291.79,"end":8291.95},{"text":"the","start":8293.47,"end":8293.55},{"text":"Democratic","start":8293.95,"end":8294.03},{"text":"Republic","start":8294.51,"end":8294.59},{"text":"of","start":8294.83,"end":8294.91},{"text":"the","start":8294.99,"end":8295.07},{"text":"Congo","start":8295.23,"end":8295.47},{"text":"for","start":8296.51,"end":8296.59},{"text":"convening","start":8296.99,"end":8297.23},{"text":"this","start":8297.55,"end":8297.63},{"text":"timely","start":8298.43,"end":8298.75},{"text":"open","start":8299.31,"end":8299.39},{"text":"debate,","start":8299.95,"end":8300.95},{"text":"debate","start":8302.03,"end":8302.11},{"text":"which","start":8303.07,"end":8303.15},{"text":"takes","start":8303.39,"end":8303.47},{"text":"place","start":8305.95,"end":8306.03},{"text":"one","start":8306.59,"end":8306.67},{"text":"year","start":8306.83,"end":8306.91},{"text":"after","start":8307.07,"end":8307.15},{"text":"the","start":8307.39,"end":8307.55},{"text":"adoption","start":8307.71,"end":8307.79},{"text":"of","start":8308.51,"end":8308.59},{"text":"Resolution","start":8308.99,"end":8309.07},{"text":"2788.","start":8309.87,"end":8312.43}]},{"text":"I also extend my appreciation to the Secretary-General for the practical recommendations he has put forward to further strengthening the peaceful settlement of disputes.","start":8312.67,"end":8326.98,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8312.67,"end":8312.75},{"text":"also","start":8312.91,"end":8312.99},{"text":"extend","start":8313.55,"end":8313.63},{"text":"my","start":8313.87,"end":8313.95},{"text":"appreciation","start":8314.43,"end":8314.51},{"text":"to","start":8314.83,"end":8314.91},{"text":"the","start":8314.99,"end":8315.07},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":8315.15,"end":8315.87},{"text":"for","start":8317.14,"end":8317.22},{"text":"the","start":8317.3,"end":8317.38},{"text":"practical","start":8318.1,"end":8318.18},{"text":"recommendations","start":8319.38,"end":8319.46},{"text":"he","start":8320.02,"end":8320.1},{"text":"has","start":8320.18,"end":8320.26},{"text":"put","start":8320.5,"end":8320.58},{"text":"forward","start":8320.74,"end":8320.82},{"text":"to","start":8322.1,"end":8322.18},{"text":"further","start":8322.82,"end":8322.9},{"text":"strengthening","start":8323.54,"end":8324.02},{"text":"the","start":8324.82,"end":8324.9},{"text":"peaceful","start":8324.98,"end":8325.06},{"text":"settlement","start":8325.62,"end":8325.7},{"text":"of","start":8326.5,"end":8326.58},{"text":"disputes.","start":8326.9,"end":8326.98}]},{"text":"Mr. President, at a time when the international community is confronted with persistent conflicts, complex regional tensions, and mounting challenges to international peace and security.","start":8328.74,"end":8347.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8328.74,"end":8328.82},{"text":"President,","start":8329.14,"end":8329.22},{"text":"at","start":8331.06,"end":8331.14},{"text":"a","start":8331.22,"end":8331.3},{"text":"time","start":8331.38,"end":8331.46},{"text":"when","start":8331.78,"end":8331.86},{"text":"the","start":8332.1,"end":8332.18},{"text":"international","start":8332.58,"end":8332.66},{"text":"community","start":8333.14,"end":8333.22},{"text":"is","start":8333.62,"end":8333.7},{"text":"confronted","start":8334.1,"end":8334.42},{"text":"with","start":8335.22,"end":8335.3},{"text":"persistent","start":8336.18,"end":8336.26},{"text":"conflicts,","start":8337.06,"end":8337.54},{"text":"complex","start":8339.3,"end":8339.38},{"text":"regional","start":8339.94,"end":8340.02},{"text":"tensions,","start":8340.5,"end":8341.5},{"text":"and","start":8342.11,"end":8342.19},{"text":"mounting","start":8342.19,"end":8342.67},{"text":"challenges","start":8342.91,"end":8342.99},{"text":"to","start":8343.87,"end":8343.95},{"text":"international","start":8344.35,"end":8344.43},{"text":"peace","start":8344.91,"end":8344.99},{"text":"and","start":8345.95,"end":8346.03},{"text":"security.","start":8346.43,"end":8347.43}]},{"text":"My country, Algeria, remains firmly convinced that lasting peace can only be achieved through the full respect— the full respect for international law and the strict compliance the strict adherence to the purpose and principles of the UN Charter, including the right of peoples to self-determination.","start":8348.35,"end":8382.26,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":8348.35,"end":8348.43},{"text":"country,","start":8348.59,"end":8348.67},{"text":"Algeria,","start":8349.07,"end":8349.55},{"text":"remains","start":8350.51,"end":8350.59},{"text":"firmly","start":8351.47,"end":8351.55},{"text":"convinced","start":8352.27,"end":8352.35},{"text":"that","start":8353.31,"end":8353.39},{"text":"lasting","start":8353.63,"end":8353.95},{"text":"peace","start":8354.27,"end":8354.35},{"text":"can","start":8355.39,"end":8355.47},{"text":"only","start":8355.87,"end":8355.95},{"text":"be","start":8356.75,"end":8356.91},{"text":"achieved","start":8357.15,"end":8357.23},{"text":"through","start":8358.19,"end":8358.27},{"text":"the","start":8359.07,"end":8359.15},{"text":"full","start":8359.31,"end":8359.39},{"text":"respect—","start":8360.35,"end":8360.43},{"text":"the","start":8361.31,"end":8361.39},{"text":"full","start":8361.55,"end":8361.63},{"text":"respect","start":8362.35,"end":8362.43},{"text":"for","start":8363.23,"end":8363.31},{"text":"international","start":8363.87,"end":8363.95},{"text":"law","start":8364.43,"end":8364.51},{"text":"and","start":8365.55,"end":8365.63},{"text":"the","start":8365.79,"end":8365.87},{"text":"strict","start":8366.19,"end":8366.27},{"text":"compliance","start":8367.31,"end":8367.39},{"text":"the","start":8368.46,"end":8368.54},{"text":"strict","start":8368.78,"end":8368.86},{"text":"adherence","start":8369.58,"end":8369.9},{"text":"to","start":8370.62,"end":8370.7},{"text":"the","start":8370.86,"end":8370.94},{"text":"purpose","start":8371.02,"end":8371.1},{"text":"and","start":8372.38,"end":8372.46},{"text":"principles","start":8372.62,"end":8372.7},{"text":"of","start":8373.9,"end":8373.98},{"text":"the","start":8374.06,"end":8374.14},{"text":"UN","start":8374.22,"end":8374.3},{"text":"Charter,","start":8374.62,"end":8375.62},{"text":"including","start":8376.94,"end":8377.02},{"text":"the","start":8378.3,"end":8378.38},{"text":"right","start":8378.46,"end":8378.54},{"text":"of","start":8379.34,"end":8379.42},{"text":"peoples","start":8379.66,"end":8379.74},{"text":"to","start":8381.02,"end":8381.1},{"text":"self-determination.","start":8381.26,"end":8382.26}]},{"text":"It is against this backdrop that I wish to underscore the following key points.","start":8383.9,"end":8392.22,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8383.9,"end":8383.98},{"text":"is","start":8384.06,"end":8384.14},{"text":"against","start":8384.7,"end":8384.78},{"text":"this","start":8385.58,"end":8385.66},{"text":"backdrop","start":8385.9,"end":8386.3},{"text":"that","start":8387.18,"end":8387.26},{"text":"I","start":8387.42,"end":8387.5},{"text":"wish","start":8387.58,"end":8387.66},{"text":"to","start":8388.14,"end":8388.22},{"text":"underscore","start":8388.78,"end":8388.94},{"text":"the","start":8389.9,"end":8389.98},{"text":"following","start":8390.06,"end":8390.22},{"text":"key","start":8391.1,"end":8391.18},{"text":"points.","start":8391.34,"end":8392.22}]},{"text":"First, Central role of the United Nations, under the leadership of the Secretary-General, must never be sidelined, be marginalized, or substituted.","start":8392.54,"end":8411.87,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":8392.54,"end":8393.34},{"text":"Central","start":8394.87,"end":8394.95},{"text":"role","start":8395.75,"end":8395.83},{"text":"of","start":8396.95,"end":8397.03},{"text":"the","start":8397.11,"end":8397.19},{"text":"United","start":8397.35,"end":8397.43},{"text":"Nations,","start":8397.75,"end":8397.83},{"text":"under","start":8398.95,"end":8399.03},{"text":"the","start":8399.67,"end":8399.83},{"text":"leadership","start":8399.91,"end":8399.99},{"text":"of","start":8400.95,"end":8401.03},{"text":"the","start":8401.11,"end":8401.19},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":8401.27,"end":8402.07},{"text":"must","start":8403.43,"end":8403.51},{"text":"never","start":8404.07,"end":8404.15},{"text":"be","start":8405.11,"end":8405.19},{"text":"sidelined,","start":8405.91,"end":8406.31},{"text":"be","start":8407.51,"end":8407.59},{"text":"marginalized,","start":8408.31,"end":8408.79},{"text":"or","start":8409.99,"end":8410.07},{"text":"substituted.","start":8410.87,"end":8411.87}]},{"text":"The UN Charter provides the necessary tools which must be fully utilized in order to prevent escalation and to promote the peaceful settlement of international disputes.","start":8412.87,"end":8431.64,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8412.87,"end":8412.95},{"text":"UN","start":8413.03,"end":8413.11},{"text":"Charter","start":8413.59,"end":8413.67},{"text":"provides","start":8414.55,"end":8414.63},{"text":"the","start":8415.59,"end":8415.67},{"text":"necessary","start":8416.15,"end":8416.23},{"text":"tools","start":8416.47,"end":8416.55},{"text":"which","start":8417.75,"end":8417.83},{"text":"must","start":8418.07,"end":8418.15},{"text":"be","start":8418.47,"end":8418.55},{"text":"fully","start":8419.2,"end":8419.28},{"text":"utilized","start":8420.32,"end":8420.4},{"text":"in","start":8421.28,"end":8421.36},{"text":"order","start":8421.44,"end":8421.6},{"text":"to","start":8421.92,"end":8422},{"text":"prevent","start":8422.32,"end":8422.4},{"text":"escalation","start":8423.36,"end":8423.68},{"text":"and","start":8425.2,"end":8425.28},{"text":"to","start":8425.36,"end":8425.44},{"text":"promote","start":8425.76,"end":8425.84},{"text":"the","start":8426.88,"end":8426.96},{"text":"peaceful","start":8427.2,"end":8427.28},{"text":"settlement","start":8427.84,"end":8427.92},{"text":"of","start":8428.8,"end":8428.88},{"text":"international","start":8429.36,"end":8429.44},{"text":"disputes.","start":8430.64,"end":8431.64}]},{"text":"Second, Algeria reiterates its call once again for an enhancing cooperation and engagement between the United Nations and regional organizations, in particular the African Union.","start":8432.24,"end":8451.99,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":8432.24,"end":8433.24},{"text":"Algeria","start":8434.96,"end":8435.44},{"text":"reiterates","start":8435.76,"end":8436.32},{"text":"its","start":8436.72,"end":8436.8},{"text":"call","start":8437.12,"end":8437.2},{"text":"once","start":8438.32,"end":8438.4},{"text":"again","start":8438.88,"end":8438.96},{"text":"for","start":8440.32,"end":8440.4},{"text":"an","start":8440.48,"end":8440.56},{"text":"enhancing","start":8440.64,"end":8441.2},{"text":"cooperation","start":8441.84,"end":8441.92},{"text":"and","start":8442.32,"end":8442.4},{"text":"engagement","start":8442.8,"end":8442.88},{"text":"between","start":8444.24,"end":8444.32},{"text":"the","start":8445.03,"end":8445.11},{"text":"United","start":8445.27,"end":8445.35},{"text":"Nations","start":8445.67,"end":8445.75},{"text":"and","start":8446.63,"end":8446.71},{"text":"regional","start":8447.03,"end":8447.11},{"text":"organizations,","start":8448.15,"end":8448.23},{"text":"in","start":8449.51,"end":8449.59},{"text":"particular","start":8449.75,"end":8449.99},{"text":"the","start":8451.27,"end":8451.35},{"text":"African","start":8451.43,"end":8451.51},{"text":"Union.","start":8451.91,"end":8451.99}]},{"text":"These regional organizations possess an invaluable and unique knowledge of the dynamics and root causes of conflicts in the continent that enable it to complement the effort of the United Nations and to contribute meaningfully to achieving concrete and sustainable solutions to regional and international conflict.","start":8453.83,"end":8486.35,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."},{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8453.83,"end":8453.91},{"text":"regional","start":8454.55,"end":8454.63},{"text":"organizations","start":8455.51,"end":8455.59},{"text":"possess","start":8456.79,"end":8456.87},{"text":"an","start":8457.91,"end":8457.99},{"text":"invaluable","start":8458.07,"end":8458.71},{"text":"and","start":8459.11,"end":8459.19},{"text":"unique","start":8459.59,"end":8459.67},{"text":"knowledge","start":8460.47,"end":8460.55},{"text":"of","start":8461.59,"end":8461.67},{"text":"the","start":8461.83,"end":8461.91},{"text":"dynamics","start":8462.31,"end":8462.39},{"text":"and","start":8463.11,"end":8463.19},{"text":"root","start":8463.35,"end":8463.43},{"text":"causes","start":8463.75,"end":8463.83},{"text":"of","start":8464.23,"end":8464.31},{"text":"conflicts","start":8464.47,"end":8464.95},{"text":"in","start":8465.75,"end":8465.83},{"text":"the","start":8465.99,"end":8466.07},{"text":"continent","start":8466.15,"end":8466.23},{"text":"that","start":8468.07,"end":8468.15},{"text":"enable","start":8468.39,"end":8468.47},{"text":"it","start":8469.83,"end":8469.91},{"text":"to","start":8470.43,"end":8470.51},{"text":"complement","start":8470.67,"end":8470.83},{"text":"the","start":8471.47,"end":8471.55},{"text":"effort","start":8471.79,"end":8471.87},{"text":"of","start":8472.83,"end":8472.91},{"text":"the","start":8472.99,"end":8473.07},{"text":"United","start":8473.31,"end":8473.39},{"text":"Nations","start":8473.63,"end":8473.71},{"text":"and","start":8475.55,"end":8475.63},{"text":"to","start":8475.79,"end":8475.87},{"text":"contribute","start":8476.19,"end":8476.27},{"text":"meaningfully","start":8476.67,"end":8477.23},{"text":"to","start":8478.19,"end":8478.27},{"text":"achieving","start":8478.59,"end":8478.67},{"text":"concrete","start":8479.39,"end":8479.47},{"text":"and","start":8480.27,"end":8480.35},{"text":"sustainable","start":8480.99,"end":8481.07},{"text":"solutions","start":8481.71,"end":8481.79},{"text":"to","start":8482.75,"end":8482.83},{"text":"regional","start":8483.87,"end":8483.95},{"text":"and","start":8485.15,"end":8485.23},{"text":"international","start":8485.71,"end":8485.79},{"text":"conflict.","start":8486.27,"end":8486.35}]},{"text":"Third and finally, the persistent challenges of Non-compliance with and weak implementation of Security Council resolutions must be addressed with greater determination and resolve.","start":8487.95,"end":8513,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":8487.95,"end":8488.03},{"text":"and","start":8489.31,"end":8489.39},{"text":"finally,","start":8489.55,"end":8489.63},{"text":"the","start":8491.39,"end":8491.47},{"text":"persistent","start":8491.79,"end":8491.87},{"text":"challenges","start":8492.43,"end":8492.51},{"text":"of","start":8494.11,"end":8494.19},{"text":"Non-compliance","start":8496.36,"end":8497},{"text":"with","start":8498.68,"end":8498.76},{"text":"and","start":8500.28,"end":8500.36},{"text":"weak","start":8500.68,"end":8500.76},{"text":"implementation","start":8502.04,"end":8502.12},{"text":"of","start":8502.68,"end":8502.76},{"text":"Security","start":8504.52,"end":8504.6},{"text":"Council","start":8505,"end":8505.08},{"text":"resolutions","start":8505.64,"end":8505.88},{"text":"must","start":8507.16,"end":8507.24},{"text":"be","start":8507.8,"end":8507.88},{"text":"addressed","start":8508.44,"end":8508.52},{"text":"with","start":8509.32,"end":8509.4},{"text":"greater","start":8510.12,"end":8510.2},{"text":"determination","start":8511.72,"end":8511.8},{"text":"and","start":8512.44,"end":8512.52},{"text":"resolve.","start":8512.92,"end":8513}]},{"text":"We must therefore move beyond theoretical— rhetorical commitment—","start":8515.24,"end":8523.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8515.24,"end":8515.32},{"text":"must","start":8515.4,"end":8515.56},{"text":"therefore","start":8516.28,"end":8516.36},{"text":"move","start":8516.84,"end":8516.92},{"text":"beyond","start":8518.04,"end":8518.12},{"text":"theoretical—","start":8519.4,"end":8520.4},{"text":"rhetorical","start":8521.99,"end":8522.39},{"text":"commitment—","start":8523.11,"end":8523.19}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"rhetorical commitments—","start":8525.11,"end":8527.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"rhetorical","start":8525.11,"end":8525.19},{"text":"commitments—","start":8527.03,"end":8527.35}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"and ensure that UN Security Council resolutions are fully, consistently, and effectively carried out.","start":8528.23,"end":8541.95,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":8528.23,"end":8528.31},{"text":"ensure","start":8528.71,"end":8528.79},{"text":"that","start":8529.11,"end":8529.19},{"text":"UN","start":8530.95,"end":8531.03},{"text":"Security","start":8532.47,"end":8532.55},{"text":"Council","start":8532.95,"end":8533.03},{"text":"resolutions","start":8533.67,"end":8533.75},{"text":"are","start":8534.79,"end":8534.87},{"text":"fully,","start":8535.83,"end":8535.91},{"text":"consistently,","start":8537.27,"end":8537.35},{"text":"and","start":8538.47,"end":8538.55},{"text":"effectively","start":8539.43,"end":8539.51},{"text":"carried","start":8540.55,"end":8540.63},{"text":"out.","start":8540.95,"end":8541.95}]},{"text":"This call for the establishment of a robust and proactive follow-up mechanism capable of monitoring implementation, identifying instances of non-compliance, and ultimately strengthening the Council's ability to fulfill its primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security.","start":8542.95,"end":8576.64,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8632.36,"end":8632.44},{"text":"President,","start":8632.68,"end":8632.76},{"text":"at","start":8633.72,"end":8633.8},{"text":"the","start":8633.88,"end":8633.96},{"text":"outset,","start":8634.04,"end":8634.36},{"text":"I","start":8634.84,"end":8634.92},{"text":"thank","start":8635.24,"end":8635.32},{"text":"you,","start":8635.4,"end":8635.56},{"text":"and","start":8635.64,"end":8635.72},{"text":"India","start":8635.96,"end":8636.04},{"text":"would","start":8636.12,"end":8636.2},{"text":"like","start":8636.28,"end":8636.36},{"text":"to","start":8636.44,"end":8636.6},{"text":"express","start":8636.76,"end":8636.84},{"text":"that","start":8637,"end":8637.08},{"text":"peaceful","start":8637.16,"end":8637.24},{"text":"settlement","start":8637.56,"end":8637.64},{"text":"of","start":8637.96,"end":8638.04},{"text":"disputes","start":8638.36,"end":8638.6},{"text":"is","start":8639,"end":8639.08},{"text":"a","start":8639.16,"end":8639.24},{"text":"topic","start":8639.32,"end":8639.48},{"text":"of","start":8639.64,"end":8639.72},{"text":"immense","start":8639.88,"end":8640.04},{"text":"significance,","start":8640.28,"end":8640.36},{"text":"particularly","start":8640.92,"end":8641},{"text":"in","start":8641.24,"end":8641.32},{"text":"the","start":8641.32,"end":8641.4},{"text":"backdrop","start":8641.48,"end":8641.8},{"text":"of","start":8641.88,"end":8641.96},{"text":"several","start":8642.12,"end":8642.2},{"text":"ongoing","start":8642.68,"end":8642.84},{"text":"conflicts","start":8643,"end":8643.32},{"text":"across","start":8643.48,"end":8643.64},{"text":"different","start":8643.72,"end":8643.88},{"text":"regions.","start":8644.04,"end":8644.12}]},{"text":"I thank the Secretary-General for his insightful remarks.","start":8645.24,"end":8647.64,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8645.24,"end":8645.32},{"text":"thank","start":8645.48,"end":8645.56},{"text":"the","start":8645.64,"end":8645.72},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":8645.88,"end":8646.44},{"text":"for","start":8646.68,"end":8646.76},{"text":"his","start":8646.76,"end":8646.84},{"text":"insightful","start":8647.08,"end":8647.32},{"text":"remarks.","start":8647.56,"end":8647.64}]},{"text":"As the principal organ of the United Nations that has been tasked with maintenance of international peace and security, The Security Council has a repertoire of tools and mechanisms at its disposal for discharging its functions and responsibilities.","start":8648.84,"end":8660.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8648.84,"end":8648.92},{"text":"the","start":8649.08,"end":8649.16},{"text":"principal","start":8649.4,"end":8649.48},{"text":"organ","start":8649.8,"end":8649.88},{"text":"of","start":8650.04,"end":8650.12},{"text":"the","start":8650.2,"end":8650.28},{"text":"United","start":8650.36,"end":8650.44},{"text":"Nations","start":8650.68,"end":8650.84},{"text":"that","start":8651.08,"end":8651.16},{"text":"has","start":8651.24,"end":8651.32},{"text":"been","start":8651.48,"end":8651.56},{"text":"tasked","start":8651.72,"end":8651.8},{"text":"with","start":8651.96,"end":8652.04},{"text":"maintenance","start":8652.12,"end":8652.2},{"text":"of","start":8652.6,"end":8652.68},{"text":"international","start":8653,"end":8653.08},{"text":"peace","start":8653.32,"end":8653.4},{"text":"and","start":8653.48,"end":8653.56},{"text":"security,","start":8653.72,"end":8653.8},{"text":"The","start":8654.72,"end":8654.8},{"text":"Security","start":8655.12,"end":8655.2},{"text":"Council","start":8655.44,"end":8655.52},{"text":"has","start":8655.84,"end":8655.92},{"text":"a","start":8655.92,"end":8656.08},{"text":"repertoire","start":8656.08,"end":8656.48},{"text":"of","start":8656.48,"end":8656.56},{"text":"tools","start":8656.72,"end":8656.8},{"text":"and","start":8656.96,"end":8657.04},{"text":"mechanisms","start":8657.12,"end":8657.2},{"text":"at","start":8657.68,"end":8657.76},{"text":"its","start":8657.84,"end":8657.92},{"text":"disposal","start":8658.32,"end":8658.4},{"text":"for","start":8659.04,"end":8659.2},{"text":"discharging","start":8659.44,"end":8659.68},{"text":"its","start":8659.76,"end":8659.92},{"text":"functions","start":8660,"end":8660.08},{"text":"and","start":8660.4,"end":8660.48},{"text":"responsibilities.","start":8660.72,"end":8660.8}]},{"text":"Chapters 6 and 7 of the UN Charter outline such tools and mechanisms.","start":8662,"end":8664.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chapters","start":8662,"end":8662.32},{"text":"6","start":8662.4,"end":8662.48},{"text":"and","start":8662.64,"end":8662.72},{"text":"7","start":8662.8,"end":8662.88},{"text":"of","start":8663.04,"end":8663.12},{"text":"the","start":8663.12,"end":8663.2},{"text":"UN","start":8663.28,"end":8663.36},{"text":"Charter","start":8663.52,"end":8663.76},{"text":"outline","start":8664.08,"end":8664.16},{"text":"such","start":8664.32,"end":8664.4},{"text":"tools","start":8664.48,"end":8664.56},{"text":"and","start":8664.72,"end":8664.8},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":8664.88,"end":8664.96}]},{"text":"Strong political will and joint sense of purpose are critical to the effective implementation of these tools and mechanisms.","start":8666.24,"end":8672.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Strong","start":8666.24,"end":8666.32},{"text":"political","start":8666.48,"end":8666.72},{"text":"will","start":8667.04,"end":8667.12},{"text":"and","start":8667.28,"end":8667.36},{"text":"joint","start":8667.52,"end":8667.6},{"text":"sense","start":8667.76,"end":8667.84},{"text":"of","start":8668,"end":8668.08},{"text":"purpose","start":8668.16,"end":8668.24},{"text":"are","start":8668.56,"end":8668.64},{"text":"critical","start":8668.72,"end":8668.8},{"text":"to","start":8669.52,"end":8669.6},{"text":"the","start":8669.6,"end":8669.76},{"text":"effective","start":8669.92,"end":8670},{"text":"implementation","start":8670.72,"end":8670.8},{"text":"of","start":8670.96,"end":8671.04},{"text":"these","start":8671.12,"end":8671.2},{"text":"tools","start":8671.36,"end":8671.44},{"text":"and","start":8671.92,"end":8672},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":8672.16,"end":8672.24}]},{"text":"India would like to highlight the following points in this regard.","start":8673.6,"end":8675.84,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"India","start":8673.6,"end":8673.68},{"text":"would","start":8673.76,"end":8673.84},{"text":"like","start":8673.92,"end":8674},{"text":"to","start":8674.08,"end":8674.16},{"text":"highlight","start":8674.24,"end":8674.32},{"text":"the","start":8674.56,"end":8674.64},{"text":"following","start":8674.72,"end":8674.8},{"text":"points","start":8675.04,"end":8675.12},{"text":"in","start":8675.28,"end":8675.36},{"text":"this","start":8675.44,"end":8675.52},{"text":"regard.","start":8675.76,"end":8675.84}]},{"text":"First, the definition of a dispute is central to today's debate.","start":8677.04,"end":8680.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":8677.04,"end":8677.12},{"text":"the","start":8678.16,"end":8678.24},{"text":"definition","start":8678.48,"end":8678.64},{"text":"of","start":8678.8,"end":8678.88},{"text":"a","start":8678.88,"end":8678.96},{"text":"dispute","start":8679.2,"end":8679.28},{"text":"is","start":8679.44,"end":8679.52},{"text":"central","start":8679.6,"end":8679.68},{"text":"to","start":8679.92,"end":8680},{"text":"today's","start":8680.08,"end":8680.32},{"text":"debate.","start":8680.48,"end":8680.56}]},{"text":"A dispute is not to be confused with issues related to illegal use of armed force, such as armed aggression or illegal occupation, which directly impinges upon the sovereignty and territorial integrity of member states.","start":8681.61,"end":8693.37,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect 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of mandates may be guided by their relevance, utility, and applicability.","start":8819.97,"end":8824.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Continuation","start":8819.97,"end":8820.29},{"text":"of","start":8820.45,"end":8820.53},{"text":"mandates","start":8820.69,"end":8821.01},{"text":"may","start":8821.09,"end":8821.17},{"text":"be","start":8821.25,"end":8821.33},{"text":"guided","start":8821.41,"end":8821.49},{"text":"by","start":8821.81,"end":8821.89},{"text":"their","start":8821.97,"end":8822.05},{"text":"relevance,","start":8822.13,"end":8822.45},{"text":"utility,","start":8823.17,"end":8823.33},{"text":"and","start":8823.65,"end":8823.73},{"text":"applicability.","start":8823.89,"end":8824.21}]},{"text":"Narrow political reasons should not be determinants on this score.","start":8825.41,"end":8828.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Narrow","start":8825.41,"end":8825.49},{"text":"political","start":8825.73,"end":8825.89},{"text":"reasons","start":8826.21,"end":8826.29},{"text":"should","start":8826.53,"end":8826.61},{"text":"not","start":8826.77,"end":8826.85},{"text":"be","start":8826.93,"end":8827.01},{"text":"determinants","start":8827.25,"end":8827.57},{"text":"on","start":8827.73,"end":8827.81},{"text":"this","start":8827.81,"end":8827.89},{"text":"score.","start":8828.05,"end":8828.13}]},{"text":"There is no reason for outdated and irrelevant mandates to continue in perpetuity without sunset clauses at considerable expense to the already constrained UN budget.","start":8828.85,"end":8837.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":8828.85,"end":8828.93},{"text":"is","start":8829.01,"end":8829.09},{"text":"no","start":8829.25,"end":8829.33},{"text":"reason","start":8829.41,"end":8829.49},{"text":"for","start":8829.73,"end":8829.81},{"text":"outdated","start":8829.89,"end":8830.21},{"text":"and","start":8830.37,"end":8830.45},{"text":"irrelevant","start":8830.61,"end":8830.85},{"text":"mandates","start":8831.17,"end":8831.49},{"text":"to","start":8831.65,"end":8831.73},{"text":"continue","start":8831.89,"end":8831.97},{"text":"in","start":8832.13,"end":8832.21},{"text":"perpetuity","start":8832.29,"end":8832.53},{"text":"without","start":8832.93,"end":8833.01},{"text":"sunset","start":8833.25,"end":8833.33},{"text":"clauses","start":8833.65,"end":8833.73},{"text":"at","start":8834.37,"end":8834.45},{"text":"considerable","start":8834.77,"end":8834.85},{"text":"expense","start":8835.25,"end":8835.33},{"text":"to","start":8835.49,"end":8835.57},{"text":"the","start":8835.65,"end":8835.73},{"text":"already","start":8835.89,"end":8835.97},{"text":"constrained","start":8836.13,"end":8836.53},{"text":"UN","start":8836.61,"end":8836.69},{"text":"budget.","start":8836.85,"end":8837.09}]},{"text":"Fifth, established regional and sub-regional organizations could play an enabling role in resolving disputes and conflicts.","start":8838.42,"end":8844.42,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Fifth,","start":8838.42,"end":8838.5},{"text":"established","start":8839.46,"end":8839.54},{"text":"regional","start":8839.94,"end":8840.02},{"text":"and","start":8840.34,"end":8840.42},{"text":"sub-regional","start":8840.5,"end":8840.74},{"text":"organizations","start":8841.3,"end":8841.38},{"text":"could","start":8841.7,"end":8841.78},{"text":"play","start":8841.86,"end":8841.94},{"text":"an","start":8842.02,"end":8842.1},{"text":"enabling","start":8842.26,"end":8842.34},{"text":"role","start":8842.66,"end":8842.74},{"text":"in","start":8842.82,"end":8842.9},{"text":"resolving","start":8843.14,"end":8843.38},{"text":"disputes","start":8843.62,"end":8843.86},{"text":"and","start":8843.86,"end":8843.94},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8844.02,"end":8844.42}]},{"text":"They could complement the functions of the UN on this front.","start":8845.22,"end":8847.54,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":8845.22,"end":8845.3},{"text":"could","start":8845.38,"end":8845.46},{"text":"complement","start":8845.54,"end":8845.62},{"text":"the","start":8846.02,"end":8846.1},{"text":"functions","start":8846.18,"end":8846.26},{"text":"of","start":8846.5,"end":8846.58},{"text":"the","start":8846.66,"end":8846.74},{"text":"UN","start":8846.82,"end":8846.9},{"text":"on","start":8847.06,"end":8847.14},{"text":"this","start":8847.22,"end":8847.3},{"text":"front.","start":8847.46,"end":8847.54}]},{"text":"However, cross-regional groups that are neither bound by geography nor common issues with no direct linkage to international peace and security may not be treated in a similar vein.","start":8848.5,"end":8857.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":8848.5,"end":8848.58},{"text":"cross-regional","start":8849.54,"end":8850.1},{"text":"groups","start":8850.26,"end":8850.34},{"text":"that","start":8850.5,"end":8850.58},{"text":"are","start":8850.58,"end":8850.66},{"text":"neither","start":8850.74,"end":8850.82},{"text":"bound","start":8851.06,"end":8851.14},{"text":"by","start":8851.3,"end":8851.38},{"text":"geography","start":8851.46,"end":8851.54},{"text":"nor","start":8851.94,"end":8852.02},{"text":"common","start":8852.1,"end":8852.18},{"text":"issues","start":8852.42,"end":8852.5},{"text":"with","start":8852.82,"end":8852.9},{"text":"no","start":8852.98,"end":8853.06},{"text":"direct","start":8853.3,"end":8853.46},{"text":"linkage","start":8853.54,"end":8853.78},{"text":"to","start":8853.94,"end":8854.02},{"text":"international","start":8854.26,"end":8854.34},{"text":"peace","start":8854.58,"end":8854.66},{"text":"and","start":8854.74,"end":8854.82},{"text":"security","start":8855.06,"end":8855.22},{"text":"may","start":8855.94,"end":8856.02},{"text":"not","start":8856.1,"end":8856.18},{"text":"be","start":8856.34,"end":8856.42},{"text":"treated","start":8856.5,"end":8856.58},{"text":"in","start":8856.74,"end":8856.9},{"text":"a","start":8856.9,"end":8856.98},{"text":"similar","start":8857.06,"end":8857.14},{"text":"vein.","start":8857.38,"end":8857.46}]},{"text":"Such groupings lack domain expertise and regional knowledge that are critical to resolution of dispute.","start":8858.34,"end":8862.66,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":8858.34,"end":8858.42},{"text":"groupings","start":8858.58,"end":8858.82},{"text":"lack","start":8859.06,"end":8859.14},{"text":"domain","start":8859.38,"end":8859.46},{"text":"expertise","start":8859.7,"end":8859.94},{"text":"and","start":8860.1,"end":8860.18},{"text":"regional","start":8860.26,"end":8860.34},{"text":"knowledge","start":8860.58,"end":8860.66},{"text":"that","start":8860.9,"end":8860.98},{"text":"are","start":8861.06,"end":8861.14},{"text":"critical","start":8861.22,"end":8861.3},{"text":"to","start":8861.54,"end":8861.62},{"text":"resolution","start":8861.94,"end":8862.02},{"text":"of","start":8862.1,"end":8862.18},{"text":"dispute.","start":8862.42,"end":8862.66}]},{"text":"Mr. President, the Security Council has yet again witnessed a brazen attempt by Pakistan today to misuse this august platform for its divisive agenda.","start":8863.71,"end":8872.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8863.71,"end":8864.03},{"text":"President,","start":8864.11,"end":8864.91},{"text":"the","start":8865.07,"end":8865.15},{"text":"Security","start":8865.55,"end":8865.63},{"text":"Council","start":8865.95,"end":8866.03},{"text":"has","start":8866.27,"end":8866.43},{"text":"yet","start":8866.43,"end":8866.51},{"text":"again","start":8866.67,"end":8866.75},{"text":"witnessed","start":8866.91,"end":8866.99},{"text":"a","start":8867.55,"end":8867.63},{"text":"brazen","start":8867.71,"end":8867.95},{"text":"attempt","start":8868.11,"end":8868.19},{"text":"by","start":8868.35,"end":8868.43},{"text":"Pakistan","start":8868.51,"end":8868.59},{"text":"today","start":8869.07,"end":8869.15},{"text":"to","start":8869.23,"end":8869.31},{"text":"misuse","start":8869.39,"end":8869.71},{"text":"this","start":8869.87,"end":8869.95},{"text":"august","start":8870.11,"end":8870.19},{"text":"platform","start":8870.43,"end":8870.51},{"text":"for","start":8870.83,"end":8870.91},{"text":"its","start":8870.91,"end":8871.07},{"text":"divisive","start":8871.31,"end":8871.55},{"text":"agenda.","start":8871.71,"end":8872.59}]},{"text":"The Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir has always been, is, and will remain an integral and inalienable part of India.","start":8872.75,"end":8879.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8872.75,"end":8872.83},{"text":"Union","start":8872.99,"end":8873.07},{"text":"Territory","start":8873.39,"end":8873.47},{"text":"of","start":8873.71,"end":8873.79},{"text":"Jammu","start":8873.87,"end":8874.11},{"text":"and","start":8874.11,"end":8874.19},{"text":"Kashmir","start":8874.27,"end":8874.51},{"text":"has","start":8874.67,"end":8874.75},{"text":"always","start":8874.83,"end":8874.91},{"text":"been,","start":8875.23,"end":8875.31},{"text":"is,","start":8875.55,"end":8875.63},{"text":"and","start":8876.03,"end":8876.11},{"text":"will","start":8876.27,"end":8876.35},{"text":"remain","start":8876.59,"end":8876.67},{"text":"an","start":8876.75,"end":8876.83},{"text":"integral","start":8877.07,"end":8877.23},{"text":"and","start":8877.55,"end":8877.63},{"text":"inalienable","start":8877.71,"end":8878.35},{"text":"part","start":8878.51,"end":8878.59},{"text":"of","start":8878.67,"end":8878.75},{"text":"India.","start":8878.91,"end":8879.63}]},{"text":"This is the constitutional and legal reality that Pakistan deliberately chooses to ignore.","start":8879.79,"end":8885.63,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8879.79,"end":8879.87},{"text":"is","start":8879.95,"end":8880.03},{"text":"the","start":8880.11,"end":8880.19},{"text":"constitutional","start":8880.59,"end":8880.67},{"text":"and","start":8880.91,"end":8880.99},{"text":"legal","start":8882.03,"end":8882.11},{"text":"reality","start":8882.51,"end":8882.59},{"text":"that","start":8882.91,"end":8882.99},{"text":"Pakistan","start":8883.07,"end":8883.23},{"text":"deliberately","start":8883.71,"end":8883.87},{"text":"chooses","start":8884.27,"end":8884.51},{"text":"to","start":8884.59,"end":8884.67},{"text":"ignore.","start":8884.91,"end":8885.63}]},{"text":"The only outstanding issue with regard to Jammu and Kashmir is the naked aggression and illegal occupation of India's sovereign territory by Pakistan.","start":8885.87,"end":8892.81,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8885.87,"end":8885.95},{"text":"only","start":8886.03,"end":8886.11},{"text":"outstanding","start":8886.67,"end":8886.75},{"text":"issue","start":8886.99,"end":8887.07},{"text":"with","start":8887.31,"end":8887.39},{"text":"regard","start":8887.55,"end":8887.63},{"text":"to","start":8887.71,"end":8887.79},{"text":"Jammu","start":8887.87,"end":8888.11},{"text":"and","start":8888.19,"end":8888.27},{"text":"Kashmir","start":8888.35,"end":8888.59},{"text":"is","start":8888.67,"end":8888.83},{"text":"the","start":8888.83,"end":8888.91},{"text":"naked","start":8888.99,"end":8889.07},{"text":"aggression","start":8889.31,"end":8889.55},{"text":"and","start":8890.17,"end":8890.25},{"text":"illegal","start":8890.49,"end":8890.57},{"text":"occupation","start":8891.05,"end":8891.13},{"text":"of","start":8891.29,"end":8891.37},{"text":"India's","start":8891.53,"end":8891.61},{"text":"sovereign","start":8891.77,"end":8891.85},{"text":"territory","start":8892.17,"end":8892.25},{"text":"by","start":8892.57,"end":8892.65},{"text":"Pakistan.","start":8892.73,"end":8892.81}]},{"text":"The ongoing developments in Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir fully expose the true nature of the Pakistani state.","start":8894.17,"end":8899.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8894.17,"end":8894.25},{"text":"ongoing","start":8894.49,"end":8894.65},{"text":"developments","start":8894.89,"end":8895.21},{"text":"in","start":8895.29,"end":8895.37},{"text":"Pakistan-occupied","start":8895.45,"end":8896.33},{"text":"Jammu","start":8896.41,"end":8896.65},{"text":"and","start":8896.65,"end":8896.73},{"text":"Kashmir","start":8896.81,"end":8897.13},{"text":"fully","start":8897.21,"end":8897.29},{"text":"expose","start":8897.69,"end":8897.77},{"text":"the","start":8897.93,"end":8898.01},{"text":"true","start":8898.09,"end":8898.17},{"text":"nature","start":8898.25,"end":8898.33},{"text":"of","start":8898.49,"end":8898.57},{"text":"the","start":8898.65,"end":8898.73},{"text":"Pakistani","start":8898.73,"end":8899.29},{"text":"state.","start":8899.45,"end":8899.53}]},{"text":"The world is witness to the continued suppression of basic rights, freedom of expression and association, and stifling of fundamental freedoms of Kashmiris in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.","start":8900.17,"end":8909.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8900.17,"end":8900.25},{"text":"world","start":8900.33,"end":8900.41},{"text":"is","start":8900.57,"end":8900.73},{"text":"witness","start":8900.81,"end":8900.89},{"text":"to","start":8901.13,"end":8901.21},{"text":"the","start":8901.29,"end":8901.37},{"text":"continued","start":8901.53,"end":8901.61},{"text":"suppression","start":8902.01,"end":8902.17},{"text":"of","start":8902.25,"end":8902.33},{"text":"basic","start":8902.41,"end":8902.49},{"text":"rights,","start":8902.73,"end":8902.81},{"text":"freedom","start":8903.37,"end":8903.45},{"text":"of","start":8903.69,"end":8903.77},{"text":"expression","start":8904.01,"end":8904.09},{"text":"and","start":8904.25,"end":8904.33},{"text":"association,","start":8904.81,"end":8904.89},{"text":"and","start":8905.45,"end":8905.53},{"text":"stifling","start":8905.61,"end":8906.09},{"text":"of","start":8906.17,"end":8906.25},{"text":"fundamental","start":8906.25,"end":8906.33},{"text":"freedoms","start":8906.81,"end":8907.13},{"text":"of","start":8907.13,"end":8907.21},{"text":"Kashmiris","start":8907.29,"end":8907.61},{"text":"in","start":8907.85,"end":8907.93},{"text":"Pakistan-occupied","start":8908.01,"end":8908.73},{"text":"Kashmir.","start":8908.89,"end":8909.21}]},{"text":"These are not isolated instances but part of a larger design by the Pakistani establishment in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir for close to 8 decades.","start":8909.93,"end":8919.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8909.93,"end":8910.01},{"text":"are","start":8910.09,"end":8910.17},{"text":"not","start":8910.25,"end":8910.33},{"text":"isolated","start":8910.41,"end":8910.57},{"text":"instances","start":8911.21,"end":8911.29},{"text":"but","start":8912.09,"end":8912.17},{"text":"part","start":8912.41,"end":8912.49},{"text":"of","start":8912.65,"end":8912.73},{"text":"a","start":8912.81,"end":8912.89},{"text":"larger","start":8913.05,"end":8913.13},{"text":"design","start":8913.53,"end":8913.61},{"text":"by","start":8913.77,"end":8913.85},{"text":"the","start":8913.93,"end":8914.01},{"text":"Pakistani","start":8914.01,"end":8914.49},{"text":"establishment","start":8914.73,"end":8914.81},{"text":"in","start":8915.73,"end":8915.81},{"text":"Pakistan-occupied","start":8915.89,"end":8916.69},{"text":"Kashmir","start":8916.85,"end":8917.17},{"text":"for","start":8917.25,"end":8917.33},{"text":"close","start":8917.49,"end":8917.57},{"text":"to","start":8917.73,"end":8917.81},{"text":"8","start":8917.89,"end":8917.97},{"text":"decades.","start":8918.05,"end":8919.05}]},{"text":"This pattern extends to other regions of Pakistan that also face repression.","start":8919.25,"end":8923.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8919.25,"end":8919.33},{"text":"pattern","start":8919.57,"end":8919.65},{"text":"extends","start":8920.13,"end":8920.29},{"text":"to","start":8920.37,"end":8920.45},{"text":"other","start":8920.61,"end":8920.69},{"text":"regions","start":8920.85,"end":8920.93},{"text":"of","start":8921.17,"end":8921.25},{"text":"Pakistan","start":8921.41,"end":8921.49},{"text":"that","start":8921.89,"end":8921.97},{"text":"also","start":8922.05,"end":8922.13},{"text":"face","start":8922.37,"end":8922.45},{"text":"repression.","start":8922.53,"end":8923.53}]},{"text":"Incarceration of leaders, including a former prime minister, electoral outlawing of the main opposition party, a constitutional coup by the military through the 27th Amendment, and other such actions have decimated any semblance of democracy.","start":8923.89,"end":8937.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Incarceration","start":8923.89,"end":8924.53},{"text":"of","start":8924.61,"end":8924.69},{"text":"leaders,","start":8924.85,"end":8925.17},{"text":"including","start":8925.33,"end":8925.41},{"text":"a","start":8925.57,"end":8925.65},{"text":"former","start":8925.73,"end":8925.81},{"text":"prime","start":8926.05,"end":8926.13},{"text":"minister,","start":8926.29,"end":8927.01},{"text":"electoral","start":8927.41,"end":8927.57},{"text":"outlawing","start":8928.05,"end":8928.29},{"text":"of","start":8928.29,"end":8928.37},{"text":"the","start":8928.45,"end":8928.53},{"text":"main","start":8928.61,"end":8928.69},{"text":"opposition","start":8929.09,"end":8929.17},{"text":"party,","start":8929.41,"end":8930.13},{"text":"a","start":8930.21,"end":8930.29},{"text":"constitutional","start":8930.77,"end":8930.85},{"text":"coup","start":8931.17,"end":8931.25},{"text":"by","start":8931.41,"end":8931.49},{"text":"the","start":8931.49,"end":8931.57},{"text":"military","start":8931.65,"end":8931.73},{"text":"through","start":8932.13,"end":8932.21},{"text":"the","start":8932.29,"end":8932.37},{"text":"27th","start":8932.69,"end":8932.93},{"text":"Amendment,","start":8933.01,"end":8933.73},{"text":"and","start":8933.81,"end":8933.89},{"text":"other","start":8934.05,"end":8934.13},{"text":"such","start":8934.37,"end":8934.45},{"text":"actions","start":8934.53,"end":8934.61},{"text":"have","start":8934.93,"end":8935.01},{"text":"decimated","start":8935.09,"end":8935.41},{"text":"any","start":8935.57,"end":8935.65},{"text":"semblance","start":8935.81,"end":8936.13},{"text":"of","start":8936.21,"end":8936.29},{"text":"democracy.","start":8936.53,"end":8937.41}]},{"text":"Pakistan would do well to look inward and address the real issues in the country rather than resorting to fabricated narrative construction with religious imagery aimed at scoring domestic brownie points and misleading the wider UN 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similar developments in other countries are excoriated by the United Nations, such repression and developments in Pakistan do not receive the attention they deserve.","start":8950.72,"end":8959.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":8950.72,"end":8950.8},{"text":"similar","start":8950.96,"end":8951.04},{"text":"developments","start":8951.36,"end":8951.68},{"text":"in","start":8951.84,"end":8951.92},{"text":"other","start":8951.92,"end":8952},{"text":"countries","start":8952.16,"end":8952.24},{"text":"are","start":8952.48,"end":8952.64},{"text":"excoriated","start":8952.72,"end":8953.2},{"text":"by","start":8953.36,"end":8953.44},{"text":"the","start":8953.52,"end":8953.6},{"text":"United","start":8953.76,"end":8953.84},{"text":"Nations,","start":8954.08,"end":8954.72},{"text":"such","start":8954.88,"end":8954.96},{"text":"repression","start":8955.36,"end":8955.52},{"text":"and","start":8955.6,"end":8955.68},{"text":"developments","start":8955.84,"end":8956.24},{"text":"in","start":8956.4,"end":8956.48},{"text":"Pakistan","start":8956.56,"end":8956.64},{"text":"do","start":8957.12,"end":8957.2},{"text":"not","start":8957.28,"end":8957.36},{"text":"receive","start":8957.6,"end":8957.68},{"text":"the","start":8957.76,"end":8957.84},{"text":"attention","start":8958,"end":8958.08},{"text":"they","start":8958.32,"end":8958.4},{"text":"deserve.","start":8958.64,"end":8959.44}]},{"text":"Mr. President, in closing, I would like to stress that as a founding member of the UN with abiding commitment to the UN Charter, and international law, and having made remarkable contributions to the maintenance of international peace and security, India stands fully ready to work alongside the UN and other member states in enabling this most universal of multilateral organizations to discharge its foundational purpose.","start":8959.68,"end":8982.25,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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thank you, Mr. President.","start":8982.89,"end":8983.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8982.89,"end":8982.97},{"text":"thank","start":8983.13,"end":8983.21},{"text":"you,","start":8983.21,"end":8983.37},{"text":"Mr.","start":8983.45,"end":8983.61},{"text":"President.","start":8983.69,"end":8983.77}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"IND","affiliation_full":"India","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":47,"start":8986.33,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=8987","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of India for their 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Chile.","start":8988.89,"end":8990.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8988.89,"end":8988.97},{"text":"now","start":8988.97,"end":8989.13},{"text":"give","start":8989.13,"end":8989.21},{"text":"the","start":8989.29,"end":8989.37},{"text":"floor","start":8989.45,"end":8989.53},{"text":"to","start":8989.69,"end":8989.77},{"text":"the","start":8989.77,"end":8989.85},{"text":"representative","start":8990.09,"end":8990.17},{"text":"of","start":8990.49,"end":8990.57},{"text":"Chile.","start":8990.73,"end":8990.81}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":48,"start":8995.86,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=8996","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. President, I'd like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this open debate, and I thank the Secretary-General, Mr. Antonio Guterres, for his valuable briefing.","start":8995.86,"end":9007.06,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8995.86,"end":8996.18},{"text":"President,","start":8996.26,"end":8996.34},{"text":"I'd","start":8996.58,"end":8996.82},{"text":"like","start":8996.82,"end":8996.9},{"text":"to","start":8996.98,"end":8997.06},{"text":"thank","start":8997.22,"end":8997.3},{"text":"the","start":8997.38,"end":8997.46},{"text":"Democratic","start":8997.78,"end":8997.86},{"text":"Republic","start":8998.18,"end":8998.26},{"text":"of","start":8998.42,"end":8998.5},{"text":"the","start":8998.58,"end":8998.66},{"text":"Congo","start":8998.74,"end":8998.98},{"text":"for","start":8999.22,"end":8999.3},{"text":"convening","start":8999.62,"end":9000.1},{"text":"this","start":9000.5,"end":9000.58},{"text":"open","start":9001.06,"end":9001.14},{"text":"debate,","start":9001.7,"end":9001.78},{"text":"and","start":9002.5,"end":9002.58},{"text":"I","start":9002.74,"end":9002.82},{"text":"thank","start":9002.9,"end":9002.98},{"text":"the","start":9003.3,"end":9003.38},{"text":"Secretary-General,","start":9003.54,"end":9004.18},{"text":"Mr.","start":9004.5,"end":9004.74},{"text":"Antonio","start":9005.06,"end":9005.14},{"text":"Guterres,","start":9005.38,"end":9005.78},{"text":"for","start":9005.86,"end":9005.94},{"text":"his","start":9006.1,"end":9006.18},{"text":"valuable","start":9006.34,"end":9006.42},{"text":"briefing.","start":9006.82,"end":9007.06}]},{"text":"The current international scenario is marked by increasing geopolitical fragmentation, protracted conflicts, and the emergence of increasingly complex In light of this reality, the United Nations must strengthen its preventive capacity.","start":9007.86,"end":9024.49,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9007.86,"end":9007.94},{"text":"current","start":9008.02,"end":9008.1},{"text":"international","start":9008.58,"end":9008.66},{"text":"scenario","start":9009.06,"end":9009.3},{"text":"is","start":9009.62,"end":9009.7},{"text":"marked","start":9009.78,"end":9009.86},{"text":"by","start":9010.18,"end":9010.26},{"text":"increasing","start":9010.74,"end":9010.82},{"text":"geopolitical","start":9011.38,"end":9011.94},{"text":"fragmentation,","start":9012.1,"end":9012.66},{"text":"protracted","start":9013.54,"end":9014.02},{"text":"conflicts,","start":9014.42,"end":9014.82},{"text":"and","start":9014.98,"end":9015.06},{"text":"the","start":9015.22,"end":9015.3},{"text":"emergence","start":9015.46,"end":9015.78},{"text":"of","start":9016.1,"end":9016.18},{"text":"increasingly","start":9016.66,"end":9016.74},{"text":"complex","start":9017.7,"end":9017.78},{"text":"In","start":9020.25,"end":9020.33},{"text":"light","start":9020.49,"end":9020.57},{"text":"of","start":9020.65,"end":9020.73},{"text":"this","start":9020.73,"end":9020.81},{"text":"reality,","start":9021.05,"end":9021.13},{"text":"the","start":9021.37,"end":9021.53},{"text":"United","start":9021.53,"end":9021.61},{"text":"Nations","start":9021.85,"end":9021.93},{"text":"must","start":9022.49,"end":9022.57},{"text":"strengthen","start":9023.05,"end":9023.13},{"text":"its","start":9023.53,"end":9023.61},{"text":"preventive","start":9023.93,"end":9024.01},{"text":"capacity.","start":9024.41,"end":9024.49}]},{"text":"In this context, Chile welcomes the opportunity to consider the implementation of Resolution 2788.","start":9025.61,"end":9031.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9025.61,"end":9025.69},{"text":"this","start":9025.77,"end":9025.85},{"text":"context,","start":9026.17,"end":9026.25},{"text":"Chile","start":9026.65,"end":9026.73},{"text":"welcomes","start":9027.05,"end":9027.37},{"text":"the","start":9027.37,"end":9027.53},{"text":"opportunity","start":9027.77,"end":9027.85},{"text":"to","start":9028.33,"end":9028.41},{"text":"consider","start":9028.73,"end":9028.81},{"text":"the","start":9028.97,"end":9029.05},{"text":"implementation","start":9029.45,"end":9029.53},{"text":"of","start":9029.85,"end":9029.93},{"text":"Resolution","start":9030.33,"end":9030.41},{"text":"2788.","start":9031.13,"end":9031.93}]},{"text":"This is the most recent effort by the Security Council to showcase Chapter 6 of the United Nations Charter as its main tool for the prevention of conflicts.","start":9032.97,"end":9043.05,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Prevention","start":9043.86,"end":9043.94},{"text":"of","start":9044.26,"end":9044.34},{"text":"these","start":9044.34,"end":9044.42},{"text":"conflicts.","start":9044.58,"end":9044.98}]},{"text":"Chile believes that the Charter, in particular Article 33 thereof, is the universal framework to achieve this through the following: negotiation, investigation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, and recourse to regional bodies, as well as other peaceful means as chosen by the parties.","start":9046.42,"end":9070.34,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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you very much, Mr. President.","start":9218.4,"end":9219.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9218.4,"end":9218.48},{"text":"you","start":9218.56,"end":9218.64},{"text":"very","start":9218.72,"end":9218.88},{"text":"much,","start":9218.88,"end":9218.96},{"text":"Mr.","start":9219.12,"end":9219.28},{"text":"President.","start":9219.36,"end":9219.44}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CHL","affiliation_full":"Chile","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":49,"start":9222.4,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=9223","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Chile for their 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Spain.","start":9225.44,"end":9228.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9225.44,"end":9225.52},{"text":"now","start":9225.6,"end":9225.68},{"text":"give","start":9225.76,"end":9225.84},{"text":"the","start":9225.84,"end":9226},{"text":"floor","start":9226.08,"end":9226.16},{"text":"To","start":9227.23,"end":9227.31},{"text":"the","start":9227.39,"end":9227.47},{"text":"representative","start":9227.79,"end":9227.87},{"text":"of","start":9228.19,"end":9228.27},{"text":"Spain.","start":9228.43,"end":9228.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":50,"start":9230.43,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=9231","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"President, Spain would like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this open debate on the peaceful settlement of 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They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":9311.41,"end":9311.49},{"text":"foreign","start":9311.81,"end":9311.89},{"text":"policy","start":9312.13,"end":9312.21},{"text":"prioritizes","start":9312.61,"end":9313.17},{"text":"dialogue,","start":9313.25,"end":9313.33},{"text":"mediation,","start":9313.73,"end":9314.05},{"text":"and","start":9314.37,"end":9314.45},{"text":"support","start":9314.77,"end":9314.85},{"text":"for","start":9315.01,"end":9315.09},{"text":"inclusive","start":9315.25,"end":9315.33},{"text":"processes","start":9315.73,"end":9315.81},{"text":"with","start":9316.45,"end":9316.53},{"text":"instruments","start":9316.85,"end":9317.01},{"text":"such","start":9317.25,"end":9317.33},{"text":"as","start":9317.41,"end":9317.49},{"text":"the","start":9317.57,"end":9317.65},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9318.13,"end":9318.21},{"text":"diplomacy","start":9318.61,"end":9318.93},{"text":"strategy.","start":9319.09,"end":9319.17}]},{"text":"The Council should pay greater attention to the first indications of risk with early warning mechanisms such as reporting, and it should promote spaces for dialogue before the escalation of tensions.","start":9319.73,"end":9331.17,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly,","start":9333.96,"end":9334.36},{"text":"Spain","start":9334.76,"end":9334.84},{"text":"decisively","start":9335.32,"end":9335.64},{"text":"supports","start":9335.88,"end":9336.04},{"text":"the","start":9336.12,"end":9336.2},{"text":"work","start":9336.28,"end":9336.36},{"text":"of","start":9336.44,"end":9336.52},{"text":"the","start":9336.52,"end":9336.6},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":9336.68,"end":9337.24},{"text":"and","start":9337.32,"end":9337.4},{"text":"his","start":9337.48,"end":9337.56},{"text":"special","start":9337.72,"end":9337.8},{"text":"envoys,","start":9338.04,"end":9338.44},{"text":"including—","start":9338.92,"end":9339},{"text":"whose","start":9339.48,"end":9339.56},{"text":"ability","start":9339.88,"end":9339.96},{"text":"to","start":9340.36,"end":9340.44},{"text":"facilitate","start":9340.92,"end":9341},{"text":"dialogue","start":9341.4,"end":9341.56},{"text":"and","start":9341.8,"end":9341.88},{"text":"bring","start":9341.96,"end":9342.04},{"text":"positions","start":9342.36,"end":9342.44},{"text":"closer","start":9342.76,"end":9342.84},{"text":"together","start":9343.24,"end":9343.32},{"text":"in","start":9343.48,"end":9343.56},{"text":"tense","start":9343.64,"end":9343.72},{"text":"contexts","start":9344.12,"end":9344.2},{"text":"requires","start":9344.6,"end":9344.68},{"text":"the","start":9345,"end":9345.08},{"text":"firm","start":9345.16,"end":9345.24},{"text":"backing","start":9345.4,"end":9345.64},{"text":"of","start":9345.64,"end":9345.72},{"text":"this","start":9345.8,"end":9345.88},{"text":"Council","start":9345.96,"end":9346.04},{"text":"and","start":9346.36,"end":9346.44},{"text":"sufficient","start":9346.6,"end":9346.68},{"text":"resources.","start":9347.08,"end":9347.16}]},{"text":"Thirdly, we need to further cooperation with regional and sub-regional organizations.","start":9347.72,"end":9352.12,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":9347.72,"end":9348.04},{"text":"we","start":9348.12,"end":9348.2},{"text":"need","start":9348.28,"end":9348.36},{"text":"to","start":9348.44,"end":9348.52},{"text":"further","start":9348.6,"end":9348.68},{"text":"cooperation","start":9349.24,"end":9349.32},{"text":"with","start":9349.56,"end":9349.64},{"text":"regional","start":9349.88,"end":9349.96},{"text":"and","start":9350.84,"end":9350.92},{"text":"sub-regional","start":9351.24,"end":9351.64},{"text":"organizations.","start":9352.04,"end":9352.12}]},{"text":"Their understanding of the context, their proximity to the parties, and their ability to build trust can decisively complement the UN's work, always in full respect for the Charter and international law.","start":9352.6,"end":9363.41,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":9352.6,"end":9352.68},{"text":"understanding","start":9353.16,"end":9353.24},{"text":"of","start":9353.4,"end":9353.48},{"text":"the","start":9353.56,"end":9353.64},{"text":"context,","start":9353.88,"end":9353.96},{"text":"their","start":9354.12,"end":9354.2},{"text":"proximity","start":9354.36,"end":9354.68},{"text":"to","start":9354.84,"end":9354.92},{"text":"the","start":9354.92,"end":9355},{"text":"parties,","start":9355.08,"end":9355.16},{"text":"and","start":9355.32,"end":9355.4},{"text":"their","start":9355.4,"end":9355.48},{"text":"ability","start":9355.64,"end":9355.72},{"text":"to","start":9355.96,"end":9356.04},{"text":"build","start":9356.04,"end":9356.2},{"text":"trust","start":9356.36,"end":9356.44},{"text":"can","start":9357.01,"end":9357.09},{"text":"decisively","start":9357.41,"end":9357.89},{"text":"complement","start":9358.05,"end":9358.13},{"text":"the","start":9358.61,"end":9358.69},{"text":"UN's","start":9358.69,"end":9359.09},{"text":"work,","start":9359.09,"end":9359.17},{"text":"always","start":9359.41,"end":9359.57},{"text":"in","start":9359.89,"end":9359.97},{"text":"full","start":9360.05,"end":9360.13},{"text":"respect","start":9360.37,"end":9360.45},{"text":"for","start":9360.69,"end":9360.77},{"text":"the","start":9360.77,"end":9360.85},{"text":"Charter","start":9361.01,"end":9361.09},{"text":"and","start":9361.49,"end":9361.57},{"text":"international","start":9362.29,"end":9362.37},{"text":"law.","start":9362.69,"end":9363.41}]},{"text":"In this regard, the Spain-Africa strategy includes cooperation with the main African regional organizations, with relevant contributions to the AU, ECOWAS, and AUDEA-NEPAD.","start":9363.49,"end":9375.65,"topics":[{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9363.49,"end":9363.57},{"text":"this","start":9363.65,"end":9363.73},{"text":"regard,","start":9364.05,"end":9364.45},{"text":"the","start":9364.61,"end":9364.69},{"text":"Spain-Africa","start":9365.33,"end":9365.81},{"text":"strategy","start":9366.29,"end":9366.37},{"text":"includes","start":9367.17,"end":9367.25},{"text":"cooperation","start":9367.73,"end":9367.81},{"text":"with","start":9368.13,"end":9368.21},{"text":"the","start":9368.29,"end":9368.37},{"text":"main","start":9368.53,"end":9368.61},{"text":"African","start":9369.25,"end":9369.33},{"text":"regional","start":9369.73,"end":9369.81},{"text":"organizations,","start":9370.45,"end":9370.53},{"text":"with","start":9371.09,"end":9371.17},{"text":"relevant","start":9371.49,"end":9371.57},{"text":"contributions","start":9372.21,"end":9372.29},{"text":"to","start":9372.77,"end":9372.85},{"text":"the","start":9373.01,"end":9373.09},{"text":"AU,","start":9373.33,"end":9373.65},{"text":"ECOWAS,","start":9373.97,"end":9374.37},{"text":"and","start":9374.61,"end":9374.69},{"text":"AUDEA-NEPAD.","start":9374.85,"end":9375.65}]},{"text":"Fourth, we believe it's essential to speed up the implementation of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda established by this Council, and to foster the full, effective, equal, and safe participation of women at all levels of decision-making related to conflict resolution and peace processes.","start":9376.37,"end":9390.78,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"President,","start":9403.98,"end":9404.06},{"text":"the","start":9404.38,"end":9404.46},{"text":"peaceful","start":9404.46,"end":9404.54},{"text":"settlement","start":9404.78,"end":9404.86},{"text":"of","start":9405.18,"end":9405.26},{"text":"disputes","start":9405.5,"end":9405.58},{"text":"requires","start":9405.98,"end":9406.06},{"text":"a","start":9406.3,"end":9406.38},{"text":"consistent","start":9406.62,"end":9406.7},{"text":"application","start":9407.18,"end":9407.26},{"text":"of","start":9407.42,"end":9407.5},{"text":"international","start":9407.74,"end":9407.82},{"text":"law.","start":9408.14,"end":9408.22}]},{"text":"There can be no lasting peace without respect for international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law.","start":9408.3,"end":9415.71,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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this reason, Spain calls for a reformed Security Council that is more representative of the geopolitical democratic reality, that is transparent and with greater 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conclude, President, by reaffirming Spain's commitment to renewed multilateralism based on international law and diplomacy, convinced that the peaceful settlement of disputes is not only a principle in the Charter but also the best guarantee to build just, inclusive, and lasting peace.","start":9486.91,"end":9502.75,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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you very much.","start":9502.99,"end":9503.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9502.99,"end":9503.07},{"text":"you","start":9503.15,"end":9503.23},{"text":"very","start":9503.31,"end":9503.39},{"text":"much.","start":9503.47,"end":9503.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ESP","affiliation_full":"Spain","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":51,"start":9506.75,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=9507","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Spain for their statement.","start":9506.75,"end":9509.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9506.75,"end":9506.83},{"text":"thank","start":9506.91,"end":9506.99},{"text":"the","start":9507.07,"end":9507.15},{"text":"representative","start":9507.55,"end":9507.63},{"text":"of","start":9507.95,"end":9508.11},{"text":"Spain","start":9508.35,"end":9508.51},{"text":"for","start":9509.23,"end":9509.31},{"text":"their","start":9509.39,"end":9509.47},{"text":"statement.","start":9509.63,"end":9509.71}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Brazil.","start":9510.03,"end":9512.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9510.03,"end":9510.11},{"text":"now","start":9510.19,"end":9510.27},{"text":"give","start":9510.35,"end":9510.43},{"text":"the","start":9510.51,"end":9510.59},{"text":"floor","start":9510.67,"end":9510.75},{"text":"to","start":9510.91,"end":9510.99},{"text":"the","start":9510.99,"end":9511.15},{"text":"representative","start":9511.39,"end":9511.47},{"text":"of","start":9511.63,"end":9511.79},{"text":"Brazil.","start":9511.87,"end":9512.11}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":52,"start":9513.95,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=9514","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"President, I'd like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this debate, and I welcome the Secretary-General's comments within the framework of the follow-up to Resolution 2788 adopted 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commitment to the peaceful settlement of disputes has for a long time been a pillar of our national identity and our foreign 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we witness a multiplication of conflicts the world over, It's vital that we invest in preventive diplomacy and mediation.","start":9537.48,"end":9544.81,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":9608.04,"end":9608.2},{"text":"attaches","start":9608.52,"end":9608.76},{"text":"particular","start":9608.92,"end":9609},{"text":"importance","start":9609.56,"end":9609.64},{"text":"to","start":9610.12,"end":9610.2},{"text":"the","start":9610.44,"end":9610.52},{"text":"organization's","start":9610.92,"end":9611.16},{"text":"mediation","start":9611.16,"end":9611.56},{"text":"capacity,","start":9611.96,"end":9612.04},{"text":"in","start":9612.36,"end":9612.44},{"text":"particular","start":9612.6,"end":9612.68},{"text":"through","start":9613.08,"end":9613.16},{"text":"the","start":9613.32,"end":9613.4},{"text":"Mediation","start":9613.48,"end":9613.72},{"text":"Support","start":9614.12,"end":9614.2},{"text":"Unit","start":9614.52,"end":9614.6},{"text":"of","start":9615,"end":9615.08},{"text":"the","start":9615.24,"end":9615.4},{"text":"Department","start":9615.48,"end":9615.56},{"text":"for","start":9615.8,"end":9615.88},{"text":"Political","start":9615.96,"end":9616.04},{"text":"and","start":9616.28,"end":9616.36},{"text":"Peacebuilding","start":9616.44,"end":9616.76},{"text":"Affairs.","start":9617,"end":9617.08}]},{"text":"As recognized by Resolution 2788, This capacity should be strengthened instead of being reduced.","start":9618.12,"end":9625.17,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9618.12,"end":9618.2},{"text":"recognized","start":9618.68,"end":9618.76},{"text":"by","start":9618.92,"end":9619},{"text":"Resolution","start":9619.24,"end":9619.32},{"text":"2788,","start":9619.8,"end":9620.92},{"text":"This","start":9621.49,"end":9621.57},{"text":"capacity","start":9621.89,"end":9621.97},{"text":"should","start":9622.45,"end":9622.53},{"text":"be","start":9622.85,"end":9622.93},{"text":"strengthened","start":9623.25,"end":9623.65},{"text":"instead","start":9624.05,"end":9624.13},{"text":"of","start":9624.21,"end":9624.29},{"text":"being","start":9624.45,"end":9624.53},{"text":"reduced.","start":9625.09,"end":9625.17}]},{"text":"The Secretary-General, the highest-ranking diplomat in our world, can also play an indispensable role as per Article 99 of the Charter.","start":9625.73,"end":9634.53,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9772.33,"end":9772.41},{"text":"challenge","start":9772.57,"end":9772.65},{"text":"is","start":9773.05,"end":9773.13},{"text":"the","start":9773.21,"end":9773.29},{"text":"political","start":9773.45,"end":9773.61},{"text":"will","start":9773.93,"end":9774.01},{"text":"to","start":9774.17,"end":9774.25},{"text":"use","start":9774.33,"end":9774.41},{"text":"them","start":9774.57,"end":9774.73},{"text":"early","start":9774.89,"end":9774.97},{"text":"and","start":9775.29,"end":9775.37},{"text":"consistently.","start":9775.69,"end":9775.77}]},{"text":"Too often, the Council arrives late, after warnings were ignored, after positions hardened, after lives were lost.","start":9776.97,"end":9783.96,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9790.44,"end":9790.52},{"text":"must","start":9790.68,"end":9790.76},{"text":"shape","start":9791.08,"end":9791.16},{"text":"all","start":9791.88,"end":9791.96},{"text":"this","start":9792.12,"end":9792.2},{"text":"Council","start":9792.36,"end":9792.44},{"text":"work","start":9792.76,"end":9792.84},{"text":"every","start":9793.08,"end":9793.16},{"text":"day.","start":9793.32,"end":9793.4}]},{"text":"Chapter 6 is not a waiting room before Chapter 7.","start":9793.8,"end":9797.08,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Chapter","start":9793.8,"end":9793.88},{"text":"6","start":9794.2,"end":9794.28},{"text":"is","start":9794.68,"end":9794.76},{"text":"not","start":9794.92,"end":9795},{"text":"a","start":9795.08,"end":9795.16},{"text":"waiting","start":9795.24,"end":9795.32},{"text":"room","start":9795.64,"end":9795.72},{"text":"before","start":9796.36,"end":9796.44},{"text":"Chapter","start":9796.6,"end":9796.68},{"text":"7.","start":9797,"end":9797.08}]},{"text":"It is central to the Council's mandate.","start":9797.56,"end":9800.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9797.56,"end":9797.64},{"text":"is","start":9797.72,"end":9797.8},{"text":"central","start":9798.12,"end":9798.2},{"text":"to","start":9798.6,"end":9798.68},{"text":"the","start":9798.76,"end":9798.84},{"text":"Council's","start":9800.44,"end":9800.84},{"text":"mandate.","start":9800.84,"end":9800.92}]},{"text":"In this context, Portugal supports 3 priorities.","start":9802.28,"end":9804.68,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9802.28,"end":9802.36},{"text":"this","start":9802.52,"end":9802.6},{"text":"context,","start":9802.92,"end":9803},{"text":"Portugal","start":9803.32,"end":9803.4},{"text":"supports","start":9803.96,"end":9804.12},{"text":"3","start":9804.28,"end":9804.36},{"text":"priorities.","start":9804.6,"end":9804.68}]},{"text":"First, earlier engagement.","start":9805.64,"end":9806.76,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":9805.64,"end":9805.72},{"text":"earlier","start":9806.12,"end":9806.2},{"text":"engagement.","start":9806.68,"end":9806.76}]},{"text":"Articles 33 and 34 are not relics.","start":9807.46,"end":9810.82,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Articles","start":9807.46,"end":9807.54},{"text":"33","start":9808.18,"end":9808.26},{"text":"and","start":9808.74,"end":9808.82},{"text":"34","start":9808.98,"end":9809.38},{"text":"are","start":9810.02,"end":9810.1},{"text":"not","start":9810.26,"end":9810.34},{"text":"relics.","start":9810.5,"end":9810.82}]},{"text":"They are working instruments.","start":9811.7,"end":9812.74,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9811.7,"end":9811.78},{"text":"are","start":9811.86,"end":9811.94},{"text":"working","start":9812.1,"end":9812.18},{"text":"instruments.","start":9812.66,"end":9812.74}]},{"text":"The Council should use preventive diplomacy, impartial fact-finding missions, exploratory talks, and direct engagement before disputes reach the point of no return.","start":9813.54,"end":9822.58,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. 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They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"Early","start":9823.38,"end":9823.46},{"text":"attention","start":9823.86,"end":9823.94},{"text":"is","start":9824.34,"end":9824.42},{"text":"not","start":9824.58,"end":9824.66},{"text":"interference.","start":9825.14,"end":9825.22}]},{"text":"It is responsible multilateralism.","start":9826.02,"end":9827.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9826.02,"end":9826.1},{"text":"is","start":9826.18,"end":9826.26},{"text":"responsible","start":9826.58,"end":9826.66},{"text":"multilateralism.","start":9827.14,"end":9827.86}]},{"text":"Second, investment in diplomacy.","start":9828.74,"end":9830.66,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":9828.74,"end":9828.82},{"text":"investment","start":9829.54,"end":9829.62},{"text":"in","start":9829.94,"end":9830.02},{"text":"diplomacy.","start":9830.34,"end":9830.66}]},{"text":"The good offices of the Secretary-General is envoy, special political missions, and the mediation support unit needs political backing, predictable resources, and access.","start":9830.82,"end":9842.18,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9830.82,"end":9830.9},{"text":"good","start":9830.98,"end":9831.06},{"text":"offices","start":9831.14,"end":9831.3},{"text":"of","start":9831.62,"end":9831.7},{"text":"the","start":9831.78,"end":9831.86},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":9831.94,"end":9832.5},{"text":"is","start":9832.94,"end":9833.02},{"text":"envoy,","start":9833.34,"end":9833.66},{"text":"special","start":9833.82,"end":9833.9},{"text":"political","start":9834.22,"end":9834.3},{"text":"missions,","start":9834.7,"end":9834.78},{"text":"and","start":9835.58,"end":9835.66},{"text":"the","start":9835.74,"end":9835.82},{"text":"mediation","start":9835.9,"end":9836.22},{"text":"support","start":9836.86,"end":9836.94},{"text":"unit","start":9837.74,"end":9837.82},{"text":"needs","start":9838.22,"end":9838.3},{"text":"political","start":9838.62,"end":9838.7},{"text":"backing,","start":9839.1,"end":9839.66},{"text":"predictable","start":9839.98,"end":9840.38},{"text":"resources,","start":9840.62,"end":9840.7},{"text":"and","start":9841.02,"end":9841.1},{"text":"access.","start":9841.18,"end":9842.18}]},{"text":"Mediation cannot be improvised at the last minute.","start":9842.46,"end":9845.5,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Mediation","start":9842.46,"end":9842.78},{"text":"cannot","start":9843.18,"end":9843.26},{"text":"be","start":9843.5,"end":9843.58},{"text":"improvised","start":9843.82,"end":9844.06},{"text":"at","start":9844.22,"end":9844.3},{"text":"the","start":9844.38,"end":9844.46},{"text":"last","start":9844.54,"end":9844.62},{"text":"minute.","start":9844.86,"end":9845.5}]},{"text":"Local mediators and civil society must be involved from the outset, including women and youth.","start":9845.74,"end":9853.18,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."}],"words":[{"text":"Local","start":9845.74,"end":9845.82},{"text":"mediators","start":9846.06,"end":9846.54},{"text":"and","start":9846.7,"end":9846.78},{"text":"civil","start":9846.86,"end":9847.02},{"text":"society","start":9848.62,"end":9848.7},{"text":"must","start":9849.1,"end":9849.18},{"text":"be","start":9849.34,"end":9849.42},{"text":"involved","start":9849.66,"end":9849.74},{"text":"from","start":9850.22,"end":9850.3},{"text":"the","start":9850.38,"end":9850.46},{"text":"outset,","start":9850.54,"end":9851.02},{"text":"including","start":9851.18,"end":9851.26},{"text":"women","start":9851.74,"end":9851.82},{"text":"and","start":9852.22,"end":9852.3},{"text":"youth.","start":9852.38,"end":9853.18}]},{"text":"Inclusion makes peace more legitimate and more durable.","start":9853.58,"end":9857.06,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."}],"words":[{"text":"Inclusion","start":9853.58,"end":9853.66},{"text":"makes","start":9853.98,"end":9854.06},{"text":"peace","start":9854.38,"end":9854.46},{"text":"more","start":9854.78,"end":9854.86},{"text":"legitimate","start":9855.18,"end":9855.26},{"text":"and","start":9855.66,"end":9855.74},{"text":"more","start":9855.82,"end":9855.9},{"text":"durable.","start":9856.06,"end":9857.06}]},{"text":"Third, dialogue must remain anchored in international law.","start":9857.58,"end":9860.62,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":9857.58,"end":9857.98},{"text":"dialogue","start":9858.06,"end":9858.14},{"text":"must","start":9858.62,"end":9858.7},{"text":"remain","start":9859.02,"end":9859.1},{"text":"anchored","start":9859.26,"end":9859.58},{"text":"in","start":9859.74,"end":9859.82},{"text":"international","start":9860.14,"end":9860.22},{"text":"law.","start":9860.54,"end":9860.62}]},{"text":"Dialogue is not neutrality.","start":9861.5,"end":9862.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dialogue","start":9861.5,"end":9861.58},{"text":"is","start":9861.9,"end":9861.98},{"text":"not","start":9862.14,"end":9862.22},{"text":"neutrality.","start":9862.3,"end":9862.62}]},{"text":"Peaceful settlement cannot mean equidistance between the Charter and its violation.","start":9863.34,"end":9867.74,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Peaceful","start":9863.34,"end":9863.42},{"text":"settlement","start":9863.82,"end":9863.9},{"text":"cannot","start":9864.38,"end":9864.46},{"text":"mean","start":9864.78,"end":9864.86},{"text":"equidistance","start":9865.18,"end":9865.42},{"text":"between","start":9866.3,"end":9866.38},{"text":"the","start":9866.46,"end":9866.54},{"text":"Charter","start":9866.7,"end":9866.78},{"text":"and","start":9867.1,"end":9867.18},{"text":"its","start":9867.18,"end":9867.26},{"text":"violation.","start":9867.66,"end":9867.74}]},{"text":"It cannot reward aggression, legitimize territorial acquisition by force, or trade accountability for temporary calm.","start":9868.54,"end":9876.62,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9868.54,"end":9868.62},{"text":"cannot","start":9868.78,"end":9868.86},{"text":"reward","start":9869.5,"end":9869.58},{"text":"aggression,","start":9869.9,"end":9870.14},{"text":"legitimize","start":9871.26,"end":9871.74},{"text":"territorial","start":9872.3,"end":9872.38},{"text":"acquisition","start":9872.94,"end":9873.02},{"text":"by","start":9873.42,"end":9873.5},{"text":"force,","start":9873.66,"end":9873.74},{"text":"or","start":9874.22,"end":9874.3},{"text":"trade","start":9874.46,"end":9874.54},{"text":"accountability","start":9874.86,"end":9874.94},{"text":"for","start":9875.66,"end":9875.74},{"text":"temporary","start":9875.9,"end":9875.98},{"text":"calm.","start":9876.54,"end":9876.62}]},{"text":"Legal disputes can also, as a general rule, be referred to the International Court of Justice.","start":9878.06,"end":9882.62,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":10038.5,"end":10038.58},{"text":"the","start":10039.46,"end":10039.54},{"text":"Russian","start":10039.62,"end":10039.7},{"text":"representative","start":10040.1,"end":10040.26},{"text":"today","start":10040.66,"end":10040.74},{"text":"told","start":10040.98,"end":10041.06},{"text":"us","start":10041.22,"end":10041.3},{"text":"here","start":10041.38,"end":10041.46},{"text":"that","start":10042.1,"end":10042.18},{"text":"they","start":10042.26,"end":10042.34},{"text":"respect","start":10042.58,"end":10042.66},{"text":"those","start":10042.74,"end":10042.82},{"text":"Thank","start":10042.94,"end":10043.02},{"text":"you,","start":10043.02,"end":10043.1},{"text":"Mr.","start":10043.18,"end":10043.26},{"text":"President.","start":10043.58,"end":10043.98}]},{"text":"I also want to respond to the Russian claims regarding the award of the Arbitral Tribunal of Coastal State Rights.","start":10044.14,"end":10049.5,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Impunity","start":10141.97,"end":10142.29},{"text":"only","start":10142.61,"end":10142.69},{"text":"fuels","start":10142.93,"end":10143.17},{"text":"further","start":10143.49,"end":10143.57},{"text":"aggression","start":10143.73,"end":10143.97},{"text":"and","start":10144.45,"end":10144.53},{"text":"violations","start":10144.85,"end":10144.93},{"text":"of","start":10145.17,"end":10145.25},{"text":"international","start":10145.57,"end":10145.65},{"text":"law.","start":10145.97,"end":10146.05}]},{"text":"And as Martin Luther King Jr. said, And I quote, over the bleached bones and jumbled residues of numerous civilizations are written the pathetic words, too late.","start":10146.85,"end":10157.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10146.85,"end":10146.93},{"text":"as","start":10147.09,"end":10147.17},{"text":"Martin","start":10147.33,"end":10147.41},{"text":"Luther","start":10147.73,"end":10147.81},{"text":"King","start":10148.05,"end":10148.13},{"text":"Jr.","start":10148.29,"end":10148.53},{"text":"said,","start":10148.69,"end":10149.01},{"text":"And","start":10150,"end":10150.08},{"text":"I","start":10150.16,"end":10150.24},{"text":"quote,","start":10150.32,"end":10150.4},{"text":"over","start":10151.12,"end":10151.2},{"text":"the","start":10151.44,"end":10151.52},{"text":"bleached","start":10151.52,"end":10151.92},{"text":"bones","start":10152.08,"end":10152.16},{"text":"and","start":10152.56,"end":10152.64},{"text":"jumbled","start":10152.72,"end":10153.04},{"text":"residues","start":10153.2,"end":10153.28},{"text":"of","start":10153.68,"end":10153.84},{"text":"numerous","start":10154.08,"end":10154.16},{"text":"civilizations","start":10154.88,"end":10155.12},{"text":"are","start":10155.44,"end":10155.52},{"text":"written","start":10155.6,"end":10155.68},{"text":"the","start":10156,"end":10156.08},{"text":"pathetic","start":10156.32,"end":10156.4},{"text":"words,","start":10156.64,"end":10156.72},{"text":"too","start":10157.6,"end":10157.68},{"text":"late.","start":10157.84,"end":10157.92}]},{"text":"End of the quote.","start":10159.04,"end":10159.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"End","start":10159.04,"end":10159.12},{"text":"of","start":10159.28,"end":10159.36},{"text":"the","start":10159.44,"end":10159.52},{"text":"quote.","start":10159.6,"end":10159.92}]},{"text":"So today I want to ask you all, UN members, is it too late?","start":10160.08,"end":10163.6,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":10160.08,"end":10160.16},{"text":"today","start":10160.4,"end":10160.48},{"text":"I","start":10160.64,"end":10160.72},{"text":"want","start":10160.8,"end":10160.88},{"text":"to","start":10160.96,"end":10161.04},{"text":"ask","start":10161.12,"end":10161.2},{"text":"you","start":10161.28,"end":10161.44},{"text":"all,","start":10161.52,"end":10161.6},{"text":"UN","start":10162,"end":10162.08},{"text":"members,","start":10162.32,"end":10162.88},{"text":"is","start":10162.96,"end":10163.04},{"text":"it","start":10163.12,"end":10163.28},{"text":"too","start":10163.36,"end":10163.44},{"text":"late?","start":10163.52,"end":10163.6}]},{"text":"Or will the international community react fully to this unprovoked war of aggression?","start":10164.56,"end":10169.2,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. 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Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"Overall,","start":10364.57,"end":10365.45},{"text":"we","start":10365.69,"end":10365.77},{"text":"call","start":10365.85,"end":10365.93},{"text":"for","start":10366.01,"end":10366.09},{"text":"a","start":10366.09,"end":10366.25},{"text":"stronger","start":10366.41,"end":10366.49},{"text":"UN","start":10366.81,"end":10366.89},{"text":"involvement","start":10367.29,"end":10367.37},{"text":"in","start":10367.93,"end":10368.01},{"text":"mediation","start":10368.09,"end":10368.33},{"text":"processes","start":10368.57,"end":10368.65},{"text":"and","start":10369.37,"end":10369.45},{"text":"stand","start":10369.61,"end":10369.69},{"text":"ready","start":10369.85,"end":10369.93},{"text":"to","start":10370.01,"end":10370.09},{"text":"deepen","start":10370.17,"end":10370.41},{"text":"our","start":10370.41,"end":10370.49},{"text":"collaboration.","start":10370.81,"end":10371.61}]},{"text":"The use of all mechanisms available under the Charter, in all stages of the conflict cycle, is essential.","start":10371.77,"end":10377.61,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10371.77,"end":10371.85},{"text":"use","start":10371.93,"end":10372.01},{"text":"of","start":10372.41,"end":10372.49},{"text":"all","start":10372.65,"end":10372.73},{"text":"mechanisms","start":10372.89,"end":10372.97},{"text":"available","start":10373.45,"end":10373.53},{"text":"under","start":10373.77,"end":10373.85},{"text":"the","start":10373.93,"end":10374.01},{"text":"Charter,","start":10374.09,"end":10374.17},{"text":"in","start":10374.57,"end":10374.65},{"text":"all","start":10374.81,"end":10374.89},{"text":"stages","start":10375.05,"end":10375.13},{"text":"of","start":10375.29,"end":10375.37},{"text":"the","start":10375.37,"end":10375.45},{"text":"conflict","start":10375.53,"end":10375.61},{"text":"cycle,","start":10375.85,"end":10375.93},{"text":"is","start":10376.41,"end":10376.49},{"text":"essential.","start":10376.73,"end":10377.61}]},{"text":"It is particularly important that conflict prevention remains a priority focus for the next Secretary-General.","start":10377.69,"end":10383.33,"topics":[{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10377.69,"end":10377.77},{"text":"is","start":10377.85,"end":10378.01},{"text":"particularly","start":10378.17,"end":10378.25},{"text":"important","start":10378.57,"end":10378.65},{"text":"that","start":10379.13,"end":10379.21},{"text":"conflict","start":10379.37,"end":10379.45},{"text":"prevention","start":10379.77,"end":10379.85},{"text":"remains","start":10380.17,"end":10380.25},{"text":"a","start":10380.33,"end":10380.49},{"text":"priority","start":10380.49,"end":10380.57},{"text":"focus","start":10380.89,"end":10380.97},{"text":"for","start":10381.53,"end":10381.61},{"text":"the","start":10381.61,"end":10381.69},{"text":"next","start":10381.85,"end":10381.93},{"text":"Secretary-General.","start":10382.33,"end":10383.33}]},{"text":"Last but not least, let me stress that this Forum the UN Security Council should remain at the core of promoting the peaceful settlement of disputes.","start":10383.93,"end":10391.42,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."}],"words":[{"text":"Last","start":10383.93,"end":10384.01},{"text":"but","start":10384.25,"end":10384.33},{"text":"not","start":10384.41,"end":10384.49},{"text":"least,","start":10384.65,"end":10385.21},{"text":"let","start":10385.37,"end":10385.45},{"text":"me","start":10385.53,"end":10385.61},{"text":"stress","start":10385.77,"end":10385.85},{"text":"that","start":10386.09,"end":10386.17},{"text":"this","start":10386.25,"end":10386.33},{"text":"Forum","start":10386.49,"end":10386.57},{"text":"the","start":10386.86,"end":10386.94},{"text":"UN","start":10387.1,"end":10387.18},{"text":"Security","start":10387.42,"end":10387.5},{"text":"Council","start":10387.66,"end":10387.74},{"text":"should","start":10388.54,"end":10388.62},{"text":"remain","start":10388.86,"end":10388.94},{"text":"at","start":10389.02,"end":10389.1},{"text":"the","start":10389.18,"end":10389.26},{"text":"core","start":10389.34,"end":10389.42},{"text":"of","start":10389.5,"end":10389.58},{"text":"promoting","start":10389.74,"end":10389.82},{"text":"the","start":10390.06,"end":10390.14},{"text":"peaceful","start":10390.14,"end":10390.22},{"text":"settlement","start":10390.46,"end":10390.54},{"text":"of","start":10390.86,"end":10390.94},{"text":"disputes.","start":10391.18,"end":10391.42}]},{"text":"The world needs this Council to live up to the aspirations of the UN Charter, today more than ever.","start":10392.14,"end":10396.7,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10392.14,"end":10392.22},{"text":"world","start":10392.3,"end":10392.46},{"text":"needs","start":10392.62,"end":10392.7},{"text":"this","start":10392.86,"end":10392.94},{"text":"Council","start":10393.02,"end":10393.1},{"text":"to","start":10393.42,"end":10393.5},{"text":"live","start":10393.58,"end":10393.66},{"text":"up","start":10393.66,"end":10393.82},{"text":"to","start":10393.82,"end":10393.9},{"text":"the","start":10393.9,"end":10394.06},{"text":"aspirations","start":10394.06,"end":10394.54},{"text":"of","start":10394.54,"end":10394.62},{"text":"the","start":10394.7,"end":10394.78},{"text":"UN","start":10394.78,"end":10394.86},{"text":"Charter,","start":10395.02,"end":10395.26},{"text":"today","start":10396.14,"end":10396.22},{"text":"more","start":10396.38,"end":10396.46},{"text":"than","start":10396.54,"end":10396.62},{"text":"ever.","start":10396.62,"end":10396.7}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":10397.26,"end":10397.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10397.26,"end":10397.34},{"text":"you.","start":10397.42,"end":10397.58}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Ewert Stoffs","affiliation":"EU","affiliation_full":"EU","group":"EU","function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":59,"start":10399.66,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=10400","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank Mr. Ewood-Stuffs for the statement.","start":10399.66,"end":10401.82,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10399.66,"end":10399.74},{"text":"thank","start":10399.98,"end":10400.06},{"text":"Mr.","start":10400.22,"end":10400.46},{"text":"Ewood-Stuffs","start":10400.62,"end":10401.34},{"text":"for","start":10401.42,"end":10401.5},{"text":"the","start":10401.58,"end":10401.66},{"text":"statement.","start":10401.74,"end":10401.82}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the representative of Malta.","start":10402.3,"end":10405.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10402.3,"end":10402.38},{"text":"now","start":10402.46,"end":10402.54},{"text":"give","start":10402.7,"end":10402.78},{"text":"the","start":10402.86,"end":10402.94},{"text":"floor","start":10403.1,"end":10403.18},{"text":"to","start":10403.66,"end":10403.74},{"text":"the","start":10403.9,"end":10403.98},{"text":"representative","start":10404.3,"end":10404.38},{"text":"of","start":10404.62,"end":10404.7},{"text":"Malta.","start":10404.78,"end":10405.1}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}},{"statement_number":60,"start":10406.14,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=10407","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you, Mr. President.","start":10406.14,"end":10407.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10406.14,"end":10406.22},{"text":"thank","start":10406.54,"end":10406.62},{"text":"you,","start":10406.78,"end":10406.86},{"text":"Mr.","start":10407.02,"end":10407.26},{"text":"President.","start":10407.42,"end":10407.5}]},{"text":"Malta aligns itself with the statement just delivered by the European Union and is making this statement in its national capacity.","start":10408.46,"end":10414.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Malta","start":10408.46,"end":10408.54},{"text":"aligns","start":10408.86,"end":10409.02},{"text":"itself","start":10409.26,"end":10409.34},{"text":"with","start":10409.5,"end":10409.58},{"text":"the","start":10409.66,"end":10409.74},{"text":"statement","start":10409.82,"end":10409.9},{"text":"just","start":10410.38,"end":10410.46},{"text":"delivered","start":10410.78,"end":10410.86},{"text":"by","start":10411.1,"end":10411.18},{"text":"the","start":10411.26,"end":10411.34},{"text":"European","start":10411.42,"end":10411.5},{"text":"Union","start":10411.82,"end":10411.9},{"text":"and","start":10412.22,"end":10412.3},{"text":"is","start":10412.38,"end":10412.46},{"text":"making","start":10412.73,"end":10412.81},{"text":"this","start":10413.13,"end":10413.21},{"text":"statement","start":10413.37,"end":10413.45},{"text":"in","start":10413.85,"end":10413.93},{"text":"its","start":10413.93,"end":10414.01},{"text":"national","start":10414.09,"end":10414.17},{"text":"capacity.","start":10414.65,"end":10414.73}]},{"text":"At the outset, we would like to thank the Democratic Republic of the Congo for convening this important debate and the Secretary-General for his valuable contributions.","start":10416.17,"end":10424.01,"topics":[{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":10416.17,"end":10416.25},{"text":"the","start":10416.33,"end":10416.49},{"text":"outset,","start":10416.49,"end":10416.57},{"text":"we","start":10416.81,"end":10416.89},{"text":"would","start":10416.89,"end":10417.05},{"text":"like","start":10417.05,"end":10417.21},{"text":"to","start":10417.21,"end":10417.37},{"text":"thank","start":10417.37,"end":10417.45},{"text":"the","start":10417.53,"end":10417.61},{"text":"Democratic","start":10417.85,"end":10417.93},{"text":"Republic","start":10418.25,"end":10418.33},{"text":"of","start":10418.49,"end":10418.57},{"text":"the","start":10418.65,"end":10418.73},{"text":"Congo","start":10418.81,"end":10419.13},{"text":"for","start":10419.37,"end":10419.45},{"text":"convening","start":10419.61,"end":10420.01},{"text":"this","start":10420.09,"end":10420.17},{"text":"important","start":10420.41,"end":10420.49},{"text":"debate","start":10420.89,"end":10420.97},{"text":"and","start":10421.37,"end":10421.45},{"text":"the","start":10421.53,"end":10421.61},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":10421.69,"end":10422.25},{"text":"for","start":10422.65,"end":10422.73},{"text":"his","start":10422.89,"end":10422.97},{"text":"valuable","start":10423.05,"end":10423.13},{"text":"contributions.","start":10423.93,"end":10424.01}]},{"text":"Mr. President, situated at the crossroads between regions and cultures, Malta remains committed to promoting more effective use of the Charter's mechanisms for the peaceful settlement of disputes.","start":10426.25,"end":10438.17,"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. 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Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."}],"words":[{"text":"Grounded","start":10567.04,"end":10567.6},{"text":"in","start":10567.68,"end":10567.76},{"text":"regional","start":10568.24,"end":10568.32},{"text":"realities,","start":10568.64,"end":10568.88},{"text":"thereby","start":10569.84,"end":10569.92},{"text":"helping","start":10570.08,"end":10570.16},{"text":"to","start":10570.48,"end":10570.56},{"text":"build","start":10570.64,"end":10570.72},{"text":"the","start":10571.04,"end":10571.12},{"text":"consensus","start":10571.44,"end":10571.52},{"text":"needed","start":10571.92,"end":10572},{"text":"for","start":10572.64,"end":10572.72},{"text":"peaceful","start":10572.88,"end":10572.96},{"text":"settlement.","start":10573.52,"end":10573.6}]},{"text":"Mr. President, in conclusion, lasting peace is built through inclusive processes, sustained dialogue, effective partnerships, and above all, an unwavering commitment to the Charter.","start":10575.28,"end":10586.72,"topics":[{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":10575.28,"end":10575.36},{"text":"President,","start":10575.6,"end":10575.68},{"text":"in","start":10576.16,"end":10576.24},{"text":"conclusion,","start":10576.56,"end":10576.64},{"text":"lasting","start":10577.36,"end":10577.68},{"text":"peace","start":10577.92,"end":10578},{"text":"is","start":10578.08,"end":10578.16},{"text":"built","start":10578.4,"end":10578.48},{"text":"through","start":10579.2,"end":10579.28},{"text":"inclusive","start":10579.68,"end":10579.76},{"text":"processes,","start":10580.16,"end":10580.24},{"text":"sustained","start":10581.44,"end":10581.52},{"text":"dialogue,","start":10581.84,"end":10582},{"text":"effective","start":10582.8,"end":10582.88},{"text":"partnerships,","start":10583.2,"end":10583.84},{"text":"and","start":10584.24,"end":10584.32},{"text":"above","start":10584.56,"end":10584.64},{"text":"all,","start":10584.72,"end":10584.8},{"text":"an","start":10584.96,"end":10585.04},{"text":"unwavering","start":10585.12,"end":10585.76},{"text":"commitment","start":10586,"end":10586.08},{"text":"to","start":10586.4,"end":10586.48},{"text":"the","start":10586.48,"end":10586.56},{"text":"Charter.","start":10586.64,"end":10586.72}]},{"text":"Malta will continue to champion these principles in the service of international peace and security.","start":10587.68,"end":10592.48,"topics":[{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}],"words":[{"text":"Malta","start":10587.68,"end":10588},{"text":"will","start":10588,"end":10588.08},{"text":"continue","start":10588.32,"end":10588.4},{"text":"to","start":10588.56,"end":10588.64},{"text":"champion","start":10588.72,"end":10588.8},{"text":"these","start":10589.12,"end":10589.2},{"text":"principles","start":10589.36,"end":10589.44},{"text":"in","start":10589.92,"end":10590},{"text":"the","start":10590.08,"end":10590.16},{"text":"service","start":10590.24,"end":10590.32},{"text":"of","start":10590.8,"end":10590.88},{"text":"international","start":10591.28,"end":10591.36},{"text":"peace","start":10591.6,"end":10591.68},{"text":"and","start":10592.08,"end":10592.16},{"text":"security.","start":10592.4,"end":10592.48}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10593.03,"end":10593.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10593.03,"end":10593.11},{"text":"thank","start":10593.19,"end":10593.27},{"text":"you.","start":10593.43,"end":10593.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MLT","affiliation_full":"Malta","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":61,"start":10595.27,"pageUrl":"/en/sc/10201?t=10596","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the representative of Malta.","start":10595.27,"end":10596.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10595.27,"end":10595.35},{"text":"thank","start":10595.43,"end":10595.51},{"text":"the","start":10595.67,"end":10595.75},{"text":"representative","start":10596.07,"end":10596.15},{"text":"of","start":10596.47,"end":10596.55},{"text":"Malta.","start":10596.71,"end":10596.95}]},{"text":"There are still a number of speakers remaining on my list for this meeting.","start":10598.55,"end":10602.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":10598.55,"end":10598.63},{"text":"are","start":10598.71,"end":10598.79},{"text":"still","start":10598.87,"end":10598.95},{"text":"a","start":10599.03,"end":10599.11},{"text":"number","start":10599.19,"end":10599.27},{"text":"of","start":10599.35,"end":10599.43},{"text":"speakers","start":10599.59,"end":10599.67},{"text":"remaining","start":10600.07,"end":10600.15},{"text":"on","start":10600.39,"end":10600.47},{"text":"my","start":10600.55,"end":10600.63},{"text":"list","start":10600.79,"end":10600.87},{"text":"for","start":10601.43,"end":10601.51},{"text":"this","start":10601.83,"end":10601.91},{"text":"meeting.","start":10602.15,"end":10602.23}]},{"text":"I intend, with the concurrence of members of the Council, to suspend the meeting until 3 PM.","start":10603.83,"end":10608.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10603.83,"end":10603.91},{"text":"intend,","start":10604.23,"end":10604.31},{"text":"with","start":10604.71,"end":10604.79},{"text":"the","start":10604.95,"end":10605.03},{"text":"concurrence","start":10605.19,"end":10605.59},{"text":"of","start":10605.67,"end":10605.75},{"text":"members","start":10605.83,"end":10605.91},{"text":"of","start":10606.07,"end":10606.15},{"text":"the","start":10606.15,"end":10606.23},{"text":"Council,","start":10606.31,"end":10606.39},{"text":"to","start":10606.79,"end":10606.87},{"text":"suspend","start":10607.11,"end":10607.19},{"text":"the","start":10607.35,"end":10607.43},{"text":"meeting","start":10607.51,"end":10607.59},{"text":"until","start":10608.15,"end":10608.23},{"text":"3","start":10608.39,"end":10608.47},{"text":"PM.","start":10608.63,"end":10608.79}]},{"text":"This meeting is suspended.","start":10610.63,"end":10611.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10610.63,"end":10610.71},{"text":"meeting","start":10610.87,"end":10611.03},{"text":"is","start":10611.19,"end":10611.27},{"text":"suspended.","start":10611.51,"end":10611.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COD","affiliation_full":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","group":null,"function":"President of the Council"}}],"topics":[{"key":"judicial-settlement","label":"Judicial Settlement and the ICJ","description":"Multiple statements highlighted arbitration, judicial settlement, and the International Court of Justice as essential peaceful means under the Charter. Speakers argued that legal avenues help clarify disputes, uphold international law, and reduce the risk of politicized escalation."},{"key":"conflict-root-causes","label":"Root Causes of Conflict","description":"A number of speakers emphasized that prevention must address the structural drivers of conflict, including inequality, exclusion, weak governance, illicit natural resource exploitation, colonial legacies, and climate-related pressures. They argued that peacebuilding, development, and justice must accompany diplomacy."},{"key":"preventive-diplomacy","label":"Preventive Diplomacy","description":"Many speakers stressed that Chapter VI tools should be used early, not after violence has escalated. They called for negotiation, mediation, confidence-building, early warning, and timely political engagement to stop disputes before they become full-scale conflicts."},{"key":"regional-partnerships","label":"Regional and Subregional Partnerships","description":"A recurring theme was the need for closer cooperation between the UN and regional organizations such as the African Union, ECOWAS, ASEAN, and others. Speakers argued that regional actors bring local knowledge, access, and legitimacy that can complement UN-led diplomacy."},{"key":"middle-east-escalation","label":"Middle East Escalation and Gaza","description":"The Middle East was a major focus, especially the war in Gaza, rising regional confrontation, Iran-related tensions, and threats to maritime security in the Strait of Hormuz and nearby waterways. Speakers called for ceasefires, humanitarian access, de-escalation, and a return to negotiations."},{"key":"inclusive-peace-processes","label":"Inclusive Peace Processes","description":"Several delegations stressed that women, youth, civil society, and vulnerable communities must participate meaningfully in mediation and peacebuilding. They argued that inclusion improves legitimacy, trust, and the long-term durability of peace agreements."},{"key":"secretary-general-mediation","label":"Secretary-General Good Offices and Mediation","description":"Delegations repeatedly emphasized the role of the Secretary-General, special envoys, and mediation support capacities in opening channels for dialogue and reducing tensions. Several speakers urged stronger political backing and resources for these UN good offices."},{"key":"international-law-compliance","label":"International Law and Resolution Compliance","description":"Speakers repeatedly linked durable peace to respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, non-use of force, and the consistent application of international law. Many also warned that ignoring or selectively implementing Security Council resolutions undermines the Council’s credibility and weakens prevention."}]}}