The situation in the Middle East - Security Council, 10239th meeting

The 10,239th meeting of the Security Council is called to order. The provisional agenda for this meeting is: The situation in the Middle East. The agenda is adopted. In accordance with rule 37 of the Council's provisional rules of procedure, I invite the representatives of Libya, the Syrian Arab Republic and Turkey to participate in this meeting. It is so decided. In accordance with Rule 39 of the Council's Provisional Rules of Procedure, I invite the following briefers to participate in this meeting: Mr. Claudio Cordone, Deputy Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria; Mr. Mohamed Yahia, Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Deputy Emergency Relief Coordinator; Mr. George Bata, Founder, Syrian Youth Empowerment Initiative; and Mr. Hajar Malim, Regional Director, Middle East, Eastern and Southern Africa, Plan International. It is so decided. The Security Council will now begin its consideration of item 2 of the agenda. I now give the floor to Mr. Claudio Cordone.

Thank you, Mr. President. I'm briefing you from Damascus following engagements in New York during High-Level Week, including a meeting between President Al-Shara and the Secretary-General, who welcomed steady progress in Syria and reaffirmed the UN's readiness to support Syria's political transition economic recovery and reconstruction. Mr. President, the economic situation is one of the keys to the success of the transition and stability in Syria. Greater availability of goods, investment announcements, and renewed financial connections are encouraging. But success will ultimately be measured by tangible improvements in people's daily lives, benefiting all Syrians. For many, essentials have become harder to afford. Recent fuel price increases have driven up transport and production costs, compounding currency depreciation, further eroding purchasing power. Food prices rose by an average of around 30% following the increases. In response to demonstrations across the country, the authorities announced measures to mitigate the impact, including reduced diesel prices. Economic pressures are also affecting essential services. The World Health Organization has highlighted shortages of medicines and medical supplies. Teachers have protested over salaries and working conditions, while disruptions to municipal services have compounded daily hardships. On the positive side, Sanctions relief has opened opportunities for investment and financial cooperation. Finance Minister Barnea has outlined reforms to strengthen public financial management. The European Union announced that 60, 20 million euros in support and the World Bank has approved $175 million in agricultural project. Syria will also be well represented at this week's annual meetings of the World Bank and IMF taking place in Bangkok. The task now is to translate these opportunities into sustained support for Syria's recovery. Syrians expect international political goodwill to turn into financing, technical assistance, and projects that deliver tangible benefits to communities. Reforms to strengthen institutions transparency, and equitable growth are also expected. Following on from the meeting with the Secretary General during the High Level Week, we are exploring with the government the possibility of supporting an international recovery and reconstruction conference grounded in Syria's priorities. Mr. President, recovery also demands investment in Syria's human capital. an estimated 2 million children are still out of school. Damaged facilities, teacher shortages, and economic hardship continue to impede access, while the return of displaced families is placing additional pressures. And I welcome efforts to rehabilitate schools and reinstate dismissed teachers. At the same time, university admission guidelines recently reissued have caused alarm regarding access to certain fields of study, including reserving degrees in specific institutions to male or female students, a prohibition on joining political parties or organizations as a prerequisite of enrollment, and restriction faced by persons with disabilities. I urge the authorities to review these guidelines in consultation with all stakeholders to ensure equal access to higher education. free from direct or indirect discrimination on the basis of gender, disability, or political affiliation. Mr. President, recent incidents of violence are a reminder of the scale of communal wounds and grievances that contribute to the fragility of Syria's transition. On 30 September, seven people were killed and four injured when gunmen attacked a minibus in Homs. The victims were reportedly Alawites. and witnesses alleged that the attackers questioned passengers about their sectarian identity. I welcome the authorities' announcement of an investigation. It is equally important to reassure affected communities, prevent reprisals, and avoid collective blame. Concerns over communal security have also been heightened elsewhere. On 3 October, unidentified individuals on motorcycles reportedly entered and opened fire at shops and civilians in al-Sukaylabiyah, triggering protests by the local Christian community and a security response. There are unresolved tensions since the civil war between the town and surrounding communities. Additionally, tensions rose in the predominantly Shia town of Noble following reports of a kidnapping that the authorities subsequently said was fabricated. Once again, such incidents illustrate how quickly local disputes and rumors can acquire a sectarian dimension, underscoring the need to respond promptly and address communal grievances, prevent incitement, and rebuild trust. In this context, I commend the initiative taken by the government to develop a national action plan against hate speech, which remains a serious concern across Syrian society. It must be confronted and prevented from escalating into incitement to discrimination, hostility, or violence, while respecting freedom of expression in accordance with international law. Yesterday, my office and UN experts facilitated a workshop held under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates to begin such a process. The UN will continue to cooperate with the authorities in this regard, including by supporting inclusive consultations. Mr. President, Syria continues to confront attacks by Daesh, such as the one on 17 September in Deir al-Ghauri governorate, resulting in the killing of three members of the internal security forces. Gas pipelines were also reportedly sabotaged in Deir ez-Zor on 28 September, and Homs on 7 October. I welcomed international pledges this month in Rome of more than $75 million in support of counter-terrorist efforts in Syria. Mr. President, Israeli military activities in south Syria continue on a daily basis. They include expanding engineering and construction works, checkpoints, searches, detentions, and shootings. I echo the concerns expressed last week by the High Commissioner for Human Rights on the continuing impact on civilians of such activities, including the killing on 5 October of a man near an IDF military position. There were other incidents of IDF shooting of civilians and detentions, with a total of 49 individuals reportedly remaining in Israeli custody. And on 23 September, 14 members of a settler group crossed the ceasefire line before Israeli forces returned them. I reiterate the Secretary-General's call for an end to the violations of the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement and full respect for Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Diplomacy is the only way to reach agreement on security arrangements consistent with international law. Mr. President, in Suweida, there were fewer violent incidents along contact lines this month, and movement along the Damascus-Suweida highway improved. But the political stalemate continues. Tensions persist among Druze factions over Suweida's future and its relationship with Damascus. Druze factions at a demonstration on 7 October, some participants displayed Israeli flags. Although this should not be seen as representative of the wider Druze community. Beyond these political divisions, serious humanitarian and human rights concerns remain unresolved in Sweden. They include the educational future of over 14,000 Sweden students, detainees and missing persons, and obstacles to the return of displaced Druze and Bedouin families, all of which are compounding mistrust between communities. Accountability is equally important to rebuilding trust. Judicial proceedings related to violations committed during last year's July violence have commenced, and sentences have been issued in a number of cases involving all parties. I welcome those steps. Nevertheless, continued attention to fair trial safeguards, including the right of defence remain important to strengthening confidence in the judicial process. Ultimately, and despite foreign interference, a durable solution in Sweden requires a Syrian-Syrian dialogue to address local concerns within the framework of Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. My office stands ready to support efforts to revive the September 2025 roadmap restoring state authorities, while addressing legitimate community grievances. Mr. President, on the Northeast, implementation of the 29 January agreement continues, including the gradual integration of former SDF personnel into state institutions and the transfer of salary payments to Damascus. Challenges remain regarding the number of personnel integrated, and the unresolved status of the women's protection units. Education in the Kurdish language and recognition of school certificates are still under discussion, while housing, land, and property disputes remain impeding returns. Demonstrations in Hasakek calling on the government to assert its sovereignty drew contrasting reactions from Arab and Kurdish communities, underscoring the importance of advancing integration through dialogue and not confrontation. Mr. President, institutional reform and development is another important part of Syria's transition. On 16 September, the People's Assembly passed legislation abolishing the Assad-era counterterrorism court, nullifying its rulings, and establishing mechanisms for proper restitution. Ministerial hearings on education and energy were early examples of the Assembly's emerging oversight role. Work is also continuing on drafting transitional justice legislation. It will be vital that it ensures impartial accountability, addressing individual responsibility regardless of the victims or perpetrators, and respecting due process. We look forward to the submission of the draft law for debate and adoption by the People's Assembly. The UN stands ready to advise on this and other legislative drafts in full respect of Syria leadership and ownership. And I also encourage the strengthening of cooperation between Syrian institutions and international mechanism supporting transitional justice. Looking ahead, My office continues to engage with the authorities in discussions on their plans for future electoral events and new and support. You will also recall that the constitutional declaration envisages the drafting and adoption of a permanent constitution during the transitional period. We continue to underline the importance of an early start of such a process, ensuring that it is inclusive, transparent, and participatory. and are ready to support. It will be especially important in affirming the equal rights of women and of Syria's diverse communities. Mr. President, on 5 October, the authorities published a draft law governing non-governmental organizations, reportedly formed by contributions from some 1,000 civil society representatives, which is welcome. And I encourage the authorities to maximize further meaningful consultation and ensure that the final legislation protects civil space, a step enabling organization to operate freely. Civil society representatives have continued to call for stronger representation of women in public institutions, including for a target of 30%. The recent graduation of 150 female police officers is a welcome step towards greater participation in the security sector. We encourage broader efforts to ensure that women are meaningfully represented in decision-making and play a full role in public life. Mr. President, let me conclude by reiterating my office's readiness to develop our cooperation with the Syrian government, working from inside Syria, seeking to connect effectively Syrian and international efforts to ensure the success of a Syrian-led and owned transition. Thank you.

I thank Mr. Cordone for his briefing. I now give the floor to Mr. Mohammed Yehia.

Madam President, I thank Deputy Special Envoy Cordone for his continued engagement on behalf of the people of Syria. Syria is at a critical juncture. Since January last year, we have seen important signs of progress. Most returning home, recovery is real. Across the country, people are starting to believe that they can build their lives that have been shattered by years of conflict. Since December 2024, more than 1.82 million Syrian refugees have returned. and 2.04 million internally displaced people have also returned to the areas of origin. These returns reflect a determination of Syrians to shape their own future. But the returns do not mean humanitarian needs are over. For many families, this marks a beginning of a new struggle. Homes are damaged or destroyed, jobs are scarce, Schools, hospitals, water systems, and power networks need repair. Many returnees still depend on humanitarian assistance as they try to rebuild their lives. Madam President, across IDP, returnees, host community protection risks remain high. This includes gender-based violence, disputes over housing, land, and property rights, and lack of civil documents. More than 5.5 million people remain displaced inside Syria, according to UNHCR, and more than 770,000 people still live in camps. Of these, three quarters are women and children. Nearly 30,000 people with disabilities face serious barriers to access essential services, mobility support, and lasting solutions. As we move to support returnees and transition to recovery, we must not lose sight of families and individuals who remain at risk and are in need for support. Winter risks is making the reality for IDPs and many returnees worse. Displacement sites are especially exposed to harsh weather, and inadequate heating puts children's health in particular risk with the start of winter. The UN and our humanitarian partners are finalizing a winter plan to protect the most vulnerable. Without timely funding, they will face another severe winter without life-saving support. Madam President, Mines and explosive ordnance stand directly in the way of returns and recovery. Since this Council last met on Syria, at least 14 people have been killed and 41 injured in explosive ordnance incidents. As of December 2024, 2,500 casualties have been reported, including over 900 people killed. Children account for one in every three deaths from explosive ordnance. While the vast majority of incidents take place in areas of high return and on agricultural grazing lands. The reality is simple. Families returning home are exposed to risk of death and injury. Farmers cannot safely work their land. Children cannot safely travel to school. communities cannot rebuild. The No Mine Initiative is not simply a safety measure, it's a prerequisite for building Syria's future. Madam President, emergency aid alone is not enough. We must also invest in lasting solutions. As was highlighted during the recent high-level week event on Syria, No Camps Imperative hosted by the Syrian Permanent Mission The No Camp Initiative means more than just closing physical camps. It means eliminating the need for camps by building conditions that allow people to genuinely and sustainably return. Families need safe homes. They need schools, hospitals, jobs, livelihood, demining, and protection services. Crucially, humanitarian development and financial partners must work together with the government to meet these basic requirements and make transition out of humanitarian need possible. The goal must not be simply to help families return, but to concretely help them stay and rebuild their lives. Madam President, the 2026 humanitarian need and response plan is only 32% funded. It should not be surprising how this impacts human action and humanitarian support. Despite severe funding shortages, humanitarian organizations continue to deliver across Syria. Since the beginning of the year, an average of 2.4 million people have received emergency assistance each month, including food, medicine, clean water, protection services, nutrition, and emergency shelter. Syrian organizations are at the heart of these efforts. They make nearly 60% of our partners on the ground. The opportunity in Syria is real, but without investment, it risks becoming a missed opportunity. Madam President, my asks are straightforward. One, sustain humanitarian funding and support the most vulnerable. Millions still depend on life-saving assistance, and winter is approaching fast. Second, invest in Syrian people in lasting solutions, including government's No Camp, No Mines initiative. Invest in basic services, in conditions needed for sustainable returns, and invest in the economy that can offer Syrian a more sustainable future. Finally, protect Syria from renewed instability and safeguard the progress already made. The people of Syria deserve a chance not only to survive, but to rebuild and prosper. We must not allow this opportunity to slip away. Thank you.

I thank Mr. Yehia for his briefing. I now give the floor to Mr. George Batah.

Madam President, thank you for the opportunity to address the Council. My name is George Batah. I'm the co-founder of Youth Empowerment, a college access organization established in 2016 by Syrian students and refugees in the United States. We were founded on a simple belief. Education is not only a personal opportunity, it is one of the foundations of a peaceful, prosperous, and self-reliant Syria. With the support of hundreds of mentors and volunteers, Syrians and non-Syrians, we have helped more than 400 students access higher education. Together, we've helped generate more than $90 million in scholarships at leading universities in 12 countries, including Harvard, MIT, Stanford, Cambridge, University of British Columbia, Cornell, and many more. These students are not simply scholarship recipients. They are the future doctors, engineers, educators, researchers, entrepreneurs, and public servants. They are part of the generation that will help rebuild Syria. For more than 14 years, the Syrian people have endured war, displacement, destruction, and immense loss. The Assad regime devastated our communities, damaged education infrastructure, and contributed to the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people, and forced millions of Syrians just like me to seek refuge around the world. But it destroyed the determination of the Syrian people. It did not destroy our commitment to education. It did not erase Syria's history, civilization, or desire to contribute to the world. I'm proud to speak to you today from Damascus, to speak freely for the first time in my life, after 14 long years away from my family, my hometown, and my people. What I'm witnessing here is extraordinary. I would argue it's the most hopeful and exciting place on earth at the moment. There's a powerful energy across the country. People are for opportunity, for growth, for economic development, and most importantly, for the chance to rebuild our country. We are also working to renew the meaning of being Syrian, a shared identity grounded in dignity, responsibility, creativity, and hope. This moment present a historic opportunity, but the challenges remain enormous. After more than 14 years of war, approximately 2.7 million Syrian children remain out of school, and around 8,000 schools are nonfunctional. Many other schools are overcrowded, lack basic water and sanitation services, or are being used as shelters by displaced families. Millions of children are therefore growing up without consistent access to safe and quality learning. Every year outside school increases the risk of child labor, early marriage, exploitation, recruitment, and permanent exclusion from education and the workforce. Children who have already lost years of learning need more than a school building. They need accelerated learning, psychological support, trained teachers, safe transportation, learning materials, and a realistic pathway back to the education system. Universities have also been deeply affected. Campuses and student housing have been damaged, attacked, or repurposed. Insecurity and checkpoints have made travel dangerous for students and staff. A large number of academics and students have been displaced or forced to leave the country, weakening teaching, research, and professional training. The loss of libraries, equipment, reliable electricity has further reduced documentation, reduced academic capacity, economic hardship, interrupted documentation, and declining household incomes have made university attendance increasingly difficult. Many young Syrians have been unable to complete their degrees, while Syria has lost much of the skilled workforce needed for recovery. Protecting and rebuilding universities is therefore not only an education priority, it is essential to restoring Syria's health, engineering, legal, scientific, economic, and public service institutions. The challenges are immense, but there has never been a more important time to invest in Syria's education system. The Syrian people are ready. Young people are ready. Communities are ready. Government institutions are increasingly working with civil society organizations and international partners to respond to the urgent needs and plan for recovery. What Syria needs now is partnership, investment that is coordinated, transparent, inclusive, and focused on long-term capacity, not only emergency relief. I urge Member States, international financial institutions, universities, philanthropic organizations, and private sector to support five priorities. First, invest in repairing and reopening schools and universities, including labs, libraries, student housing, water system, electricity, and digital infrastructure. Two, Support teacher, professors, administrators, and researchers through training, fair compensation, psychological support, and opportunities to reconnect with the global academic community. Three, expand scholarships, fellowship, distance learning, and degree completion programs for senior students inside and outside CRL. Four, Recognize the skills and qualifications of Syrians who studied during displacement and create pathways for refugees and members of the diaspora who want to return and contribute. Five, ensure the education recovery is inclusive, reaching girls, children with disabilities, displaced communities, rural areas, and students who have missed several years of schools. Education is one of the few investments that strengthen every other sector at the same time. It improves health outcomes, creates employment, support accountable institution, strengthen social cohesion, and gives young people a reason to build their future at home. Syria can become a powerful example of how a society rebuilds after war, not by forgetting its wounds, but by transforming them into commitment to opportunity, dignity, and peace. I have seen what Syrian students can achieve and are capable of when they are given access, mentorship, and belief. The same potential exists across the country. The international community should not wait for Syria to become fully rebuilt before investing in its people. Investment in education is how rebuilding begins. I urge you to invest in Syria, support its growth, and stand with its efforts to restore its education infrastructure and human capacity. The Syrian people have preserved their will to learn, to create, and rebuild. And with meaningful partnership, we can help build not only a stronger Syria, but a more peaceful and prosperous region. Thank you very much, Madam President.

I thank Mr. Batah for his briefing. I now give the floor to Mr. Hajim, Hajim Malim.

Madam President, Excellencies, Distinguished Members, Thank you for the opportunity to brief the Security Council today. My name is Hajer Maalim and I am the Regional Director for the Middle East at Plan International, a humanitarian and development organization working in 80 countries, including Syria. Today, I would like to draw the Council's attention to education in Syria and what is at stake for children at this pivotal moment in the country's future. Syria stands at a critical moment of transition. As families begin to return and communities seek to rebuild after years of conflict, education must be recognized as essential infrastructure for recovery. The choices made now will determine whether a generation of Syrian children can rebuild their lives or whether years of lost learning will continue to deepen inequality, vulnerability, and instability. During my recent visit to Syria, I met parents who are doing everything possible to keep their children in learning, even when that meant sending them to war-damaged schools with few resources and inadequate facilities. Yet, what struck me was not the devastation, but the determination of the Syrian people. I saw children sitting on the ground under the scorching sun, singing school songs with hope and resilience. I witnessed the same determination among Syrian refugee children in Azraq camp in Jordan, who dream of returning home, but fear that their education may be interrupted or lost altogether. I also met Syrian officials developing a national youth strategy that recognizes a simple but vital truth. Education must go beyond classroom learning to equip young people with the skill, urgency, and opportunities that they need to contribute to their country's future. These experiences reinforce one clear message: education must be at the center of Syria's recovery, return, and peacebuilding agenda. This is particularly urgent as large numbers of displaced Syrians and refugees return to communities where education services are already under immense strain. Families are more likely to return and remain when children can access education. For many, the presence of a functional school, qualified teachers, and recognized pathways back into formal learning is a decisive factor in whether return is sustainable. Education is also one of the most effective investments in peace and stability. Communities are more resilient when children are learning rather than being exposed to child labor, exploitation, recruitment, or early marriage. Education builds social cohesion, strengthens resilience, and lays the foundation for recovery and long-term development. For this reason, The Council should act on its commitment under Resolution 2601, which reaffirms the right to education and its contribution to sustainable peace and security by placing safe and equitable access to education at the center of its engagement on Syria. We must place the most vulnerable children at the heart of the response, particularly girls, displaced and returnee children, children with disabilities, and those who have lost years of learning due to conflict. Today, around 2.7 million children remain out of school, while nearly 8,000 schools are nonfunctional or require urgent rehabilitations. Millions remain out of school because of protection concerns, administrative barriers, and inability to afford schooling. Returnee children often face additional barriers related to documentation, recognition of previous learning, different curricula, and long period outside formal education. Removing these barriers and ensuring that every child can learn safely and with dignity must be our collective priority. We must also invest in safe, protective and inclusive learning environments. Schools are more than places of learning. They are spaces of protection, healing, and hope. During my visit to rural Damascus, I saw firsthand how schools can provide psychosocial support, life skills, and a sense of normalcy for children recovering from years of conflict. Attention must be given to preventing violence, discrimination and exclusion while ensuring that children and particularly girls can continue their education without interruption. Safety must extend beyond the school gate. Explosive ordnance contamination continues to threaten children's lives and restrict safe access to schools and essential services in many communities. Rebuilding Syria's education system will require far more than repairing damaged classrooms. It will require investment in teachers, education institutions, learning quality, accelerated and catch-up learning programs, and flexible accredited pathways for children whose education has been disrupted. Without these investments, an entire generation risks being left behind, even if school buildings are rebuilt. Critically, Syria's education sector requires predictable and sustained financing. Despite overwhelming evidence that education reduces protection risks, strengthens social cohesion, supports recovery, and contributes to stability, the education sector remains severely underfunded. At present, only 16.5% of the humanitarian response plan's education requirement of $337 million has been funded. Yet, In the context of Syria's recovery, $337 million is a modest investment with guaranteed transformative returns. The international community must view education as a strategic investment in peace. The Council should also encourage sustained support for integrated programs that link education with child protection, mental health, psychosocial support, livelihoods, and community recovery. It should also encourage investment in national and local education capacity so that recovery strengthens the system as a whole. Ultimately, the success of Syria's recovery will be measured by the opportunities available to its children and young people. Sustainable peace will depend on whether they can access quality education, develop the skills needed for the future, and play a meaningful role in rebuilding their communities. My message to this Council is a call to action. Education is a peace-building, protection and stabilization imperative. As Syria rebuilds, education must be linked to skills development, youth leadership, psychosocial well-being, sports, and pathway to decent work. It must remain accessible to children wherever they are on their journey, whether displaced, returning home, all rebuilding their lives in communities affected by years of conflict. Investing in children and young people today is one of the most effective actions the international community can take to secure a serious long-term stability, recovery, and peace. I thank you.

I thank Mr. Malim for his briefing. I now give the floor to those Council members who wish to make statements. I give the floor to the representative of the United States.

Thank you, Madam President, and thank you to today's briefers. The United States welcomes the ongoing progress that the Syrian authorities continue to make on political, humanitarian, and security priorities. We welcomed President al-Sharaa and the Syrian delegation Back to New York for UNGA High-Level Week last month, when Syria joined other regional partners in a GCC+ meeting that included discussion of shared efforts to counter Iran's malign influence throughout the region. Justice and accountability for missing Americans remains a top U.S. priority, and the United States and Syria co-hosted an event highlighting the voices of families of the missing, their ongoing need for answers and closure, and the critical needs for accountability. We were also pleased to participate in the repatriation of 36 stolen Syrian antiquities to the Syrian people. We encourage Member States to cooperate with Syria to prevent and interdict antiquities trafficking, not only to safeguard Syria's heritage, but also to deny terrorists and criminals a source of financing. The United States was proud to co-chair, alongside Italy, an ad hoc meeting earlier this month of the De-ISIS Coalition, including with the Government of Syria. This meeting provided the opportunity to mark the end of Operation Inherent Resolve, OIR, in Iraq, and to thank Syria for progress in degrading ISIS. OIR has achieved its central military purpose. ISIS no longer controls territory in Iraq or Syria, and its ranks have been decimated in both countries. We celebrate the D-ISIS coalition having a partner in Damascus that recognizes the ISIS threat and is determined to work with the coalition to diminish it. Lasting security in Syria depends on strengthening inclusive, sovereign state institutions capable of representing and protecting all communities who can equally partake in their country's future. And last week, we welcomed Syria's Minister of Finance, and governor of the Central Bank to New York for discussions with U.S. financial sector representatives on critical steps Syria has taken to reintegrate the Syrian financial system into the global economy. In Soueida, We reaffirm our support for the trilateral roadmap announced by the United States, Syria, and Jordan. We urge all parties to exercise restraint and continue implementation of the roadmap toward accountability, security, reconciliation, and the safe return of displaced Syrians. We continue to encourage Israel and Syria to exercise restraint and pursue de-escalation. The United States remains engaged with both countries to support dialogue and peaceful solutions. Thank you.

I thank the representative of the United States for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the Russian Federation.

Madam President, We thank the Deputy Special Envoy of the United Nations Secretary-General for Syria, Claudio Cordone, and the Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, Mohamed Yahia, for the comprehensive briefings on the situation in the Syrian Arab Republic. We listened very carefully to the representatives of the civil society. At the same time, we must underscore that such civil society representatives need to provide information to the Security Council on the issues of international peace and security. Other issues should be discussed in detail in specialized UN formats. We note the efforts made by the Syrian authorities to overcome the numerous challenges of the transitional period. During the nearly two years that we have passed, the government of the SR has managed to achieve certain success. However, overall, the situation in the country remains difficult. Still, large-scale tasks of eradicating terrorism, strengthening state institutions, and restoring the economy destroyed during the years of crisis remain acute. And all of this is compounded by the fact of an aggressive external interference by Israel. We would like to dwell on this point in more detail. We think it's fundamentally important that, in the course of the state-building process launched by the leadership of Syria, the interests of all ethnic and religious groups of Syrian society be taken into account. We support the authorities' stated commitment to protecting the rights of all citizens without exception, whether it's the population of the southern province of Souweida or the residents of the Trans-Euphrates region. We are closely following the process of reintegration of the northeast, including the October inter-Syrian consultations on certain aspects of the functioning of law enforcement and judicial systems, as well as on issues of education. We expect that the good faith implementation of the agreement between Damascus and the former Syrian Democratic Forces will make it possible to achieve the long-term stabilization in the region east of Euphrates, and prevent clashes between the Arabs and the Kurdish population, which we have been observing with concern in the Hasake province since the end of September. What deserves absolute support is the counterterrorism campaign by Damascus. We cannot fail to note the recent operation to detain one of the leaders of ISIL in the Damascus area, who was involved inter alia in last year's bloody terrorist attack on Homs. The discovery of new terrorist cells and, in general, the sad statistics of their attacks confirm that ISIL members still retain significant combat potential in Syria. We expect that the Syrian authorities will continue to take decisive steps to eliminate the terrorist underground, including foreign terrorist fighters. Madam President. Since the last Security Council meeting on Syria, United Nations experts have not recorded a deterioration of the humanitarian situation in the country. But the absence of bad news does not indicate a positive trend. Syria still needs assistance to restore key socio-economic areas. Much remains to be done before the people can return to a truly peaceful life. It is our assumption that the experience and projects of the relevant UN agencies and specialized institutions will prove effective here as well. We are following with cautious optimism the return of Syrians to their places of origin. This process requires restoring of infrastructure and housing stock, which is not easy for a country which for many years was under the burden of illegal sanctions and had no opportunity even to import construction equipment. We understand that the situation cannot be rectified overnight. And in this regard, the priority should remain a stable and predictable transition from providing humanitarian assistance to development assistance. And this is something that we have been advocating for a long time. We hope that the No Camps and No Tents initiative, which was mentioned today, will be implemented precisely along these lines. We share the concerns regarding the continuing contamination by mines, including in the context of ensuring food security. Currently, farmers throughout the world are preparing for a new agricultural season. However, restoring agriculture, reviving villages, and having farmers return to normal life are all impossible when traces of war remain on the ground. Under the conditions of drought, from which the country suffered throughout the summer, it is inexcusable that part of the fields remains inaccessible to farmers for Syria. To regain its former role as a breadbasket of the Middle East, identifying and destroying unexploded ordnance and mines remains a key task. And improving the humanitarian situation is something that requires sufficient and predictable funding. And we call for resources to be allocated on the basis of the priority needs of Syrians and for operations to be closely coordinated with the government of the Syrian Arab Republic. Only in this way will it be possible to achieve effective alignment between international and national efforts to restore the country. Madam President, It is obvious that the broad range of humanitarian and military and political challenges requires the government's attention, international support, and the absence of external irritants. This would seem obvious and self-evident. However, some countries deliberately prefer to ignore it. We are referring here to the confrontational course taken by Israel, whose unlawful activities on the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic is becoming increasingly systematic and entrenched. Every method of coercive pressure is being used, including the creeping occupation of the southern areas of the country, regular incursions into Syrian territory, resulting in the deaths of local residents, and arbitrary detentions of civilians. We insistently call upon West Jerusalem to cease undermining the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic, to immediately leave the occupied areas, including the Golan Heights, and refrain from provocative statements threatening to expand the occupation zone. West Jerusalem has specific obligations, both under the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement and under the relevant Security Council resolutions, and these obligations must be carried out. We recall here that the common position of Council members on this matter was reaffirmed following the consultations we held on 8 October. And we hope that the Israeli side will hear the united voice of the body which is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, as well as the appeals voiced in this Chamber for peaceful coexistence with its neighbors. I thank you for your attention.

I thank the representative of the Russian Federation, and I now give the floor to the representative of Denmark.

Thank you, Madam President. And I also thank Deputy Special Envoy Cordone, Assistant Secretary-General Yahya, Mr. Batah and Mr. Marlin for their briefings. And I welcome the representatives of Syria, Turkey and Libya to the Council. Madam President, nine months into 2026, the security situation within Syria remains fragile. As we were reminded on September 30th, where seven people were killed in an attack on a bus in Homs, terrorist groups continue to pose a serious threat. and inter-sectarian violence continue to take place. We commend Syria for its efforts to combat terrorism, including the Syrian authorities' efforts to stop planned attacks by Daesh on places of worship just last week. We are further encouraged by the integration of the former Syrian Democratic Forces into the Syrian Army. In this connection, we continue to call for an inclusive security sector reform and look forward to hearing updates about how this reform process will proceed. Madam President, an inclusive political process encompassing all components of Syrian society is fundamental to achieving lasting peace. Denmark supports Syria's efforts towards a political transition and a comprehensive transitional justice process in line with international standards. This should be implemented with a clear and transparent roadmap, along with sound institutional checks and balances. The full participation of women, minorities, young people and civil society remains essential. In parallel with this political transition, there is an urgent need for recovery and reconstruction. After more than a decade of war, We recognize the immense scale of these needs, and we echo President al-Shara's call in his address to the General Assembly for serious partners to support the country in this endeavor. We thank all of our briefers today for underscoring that education is central to Syria's future and Syria's future stability and security. A generation of Syrian children has lost years of schooling, and recovery will not succeed unless that is reversed. We therefore urge that education be placed at the heart of Syria's national recovery, with sustained protection for children, safe and equal access to schools across the whole country, and the funding and support needed to rebuild the education system at all levels. Denmark and the European Union, for our part, are already stepping up. Just two weeks ago, the EU's High Representative visited Syria and voiced Europe's support for recovery efforts as a foundation for voluntary and dignified returns. She also stressed a successful transition depends on national reconciliation and accountability. In addition to the European Union's comprehensive assistance, Denmark also supports Syria's recovery bilaterally. In 2026 alone, Denmark expects to commit 76 million US dollars through a combination of early recovery, stabilization, humanitarian, and migration activities. Madam President, the continued presence of mines and unexploded remnants of war remain a major obstacle to recovery, as we just heard from Assistant Secretary General Yahya. Denmark is proud to support various initiatives, both through the UN and Danish NGOs, undertaking humanitarian mine clearing and assisting the Syrian authorities with mine clearing capabilities and training. We also support the Syrian authorities' No Camps, No Tents initiative through our humanitarian efforts and recovery support. Madam President, in closing, Syria remains on an encouraging trajectory in spite of the many internal challenges. The international community should do whatever possible to make this transition succeed. However, major external challenges remain and continues to threaten each country's fragile transitional process. The continued Israeli presence in southern Syria poses an imminent risk to the stability of Syria, as well as to the region. We call on Israel to withdraw from Syrian territory and to comply fully with its obligations under the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement. Denmark once again reiterates its full support for Syria's sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity. We reaffirm our support for a diplomatic solution to address the security of southern Syria and hope for the swift resumption of the Syria-Israel talks to this end. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Denmark for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Pakistan.

Thank you, Madam President. We thank Deputy Special Envoy Cordone and ASG Yahya for their briefings. We also take note of the remarks by Mr. Bata and Mr. Malim. We welcome the participation of Syria, Turkey, and Libya in today's meeting. Madam President, Today, amid the challenges of recovery and reconstruction, there is a renewed sense of hope in Syria. A country that has witnessed years of conflict is steadily reclaiming its right place in the region and the wider international community. Its renewed diplomatic engagement, the restoration of national institutions, and the gradual revival of economic activity offer highly encouraging signs of a new chapter in Syria's history. Pakistan shares in this optimism. Our warm and fraternal ties with Syria continue to grow. The leadership of our two countries recently met on the sidelines of the General Assembly High-Level Week, reaffirming our shared commitment to further strengthening bilateral relations. Madam President, allow me to emphasize four points. First, Pakistan welcomes the Syrian government's efforts towards national reconciliation, inclusive governance, and the advancement of the political transition. Syria's unity and diversity are mutually reinforcing. In this context, we welcome the progress in engagement with the SDF and hope that outstanding challenges, including the situation in Souweida, will be addressed through dialogue, accommodation, and peaceful engagement. with full respect for Syria's unity, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. Second, Syria's reconstruction and economic revival deserve sustained international support. The lifting of sanctions by the United States and the European Union, together with expanding investment and economic partnerships with friendly and brotherly countries, particularly in the region and European partners, will provide important impetus to Syria's recovery and development. At the same time, sustained humanitarian assistance remains essential to addressing the needs of the Syrian people. Third, the continuing threat posed by Daesh and other terrorist groups, including foreign terrorist fighters, requires sustained vigilance. We support Syria's efforts to counter terrorism, consolidate security, and strengthen national institutions. Fourth, it is deeply regrettable that even as Syria pursues national reconciliation and economic recovery, Continued Israeli military actions threaten to undermine these efforts. These illegal actions are not only flagrant violations of international law and Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity, they are also profoundly counterproductive to the prospects for regional peace and stability. While Syria works to consolidate peace and recovery, such violations serve only to create further instability. They must cease. We reiterate our call for Israel's withdrawal from all occupied Syrian territory and full respect for the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement. The occupied Syrian Golan remains Syrian territory under international law and Security Council resolutions, including 338 and 497. Madam President, we appreciate the constructive and measured engagement of the Syrian leadership in wisely navigating the country's challenges amidst a complex regional situation. Pakistan will remain a steadfast friend and partner of Syria. Our fraternal relations, rooted in shared cultural bonds and mutual respect, will continue to deepen and flourish. The people of Pakistan will continue to stand in solidarity and friendship with their Syrian brothers and sisters. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Pakistan for the statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of France.

Thank you, Madam President. I'd like to begin by thanking Deputy Special Envoy Mr. Claudio Cordoni, Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs Mr. Mohamed Yahiya, and Messrs. Bata and Malin for their briefings. Since our last meeting, The high-level week marked a new stage in Syria's return to the community of nations. From the podium of the General Assembly, the Syrian President announced the end of his country's diplomatic isolation once again and committed to be an active part of the international community. The recent closing of the Syrian nuclear file was made possible through accelerated cooperation with the IAEA, confirming that this political commitment is showing specifically in Syria. With regard to democratic progress, over the past year, Syria has made significant progress, and we welcome this. Domestically, the foundations of a new Syrian state have been established with the formation of a People's Assembly and the launch of work on transitional justice. Internationally, Syria has forged strategic relations with numerous States and has sought to ease relations with its neighbors. It continues to exercise restraint in the face of regional escalation and is positioning itself as a pillar of stability in the region. This progress must lead to an inclusive, protective and secure transition, which it is the responsibility of our Council to support. Amongst these political and economic priorities, we welcome the efforts of the Syrian authorities to fight terrorism, including within the international coalition against Daesh. although the threat is still alive. France condemns the attack carried out on the 30th of September against a bus transporting civilians in the Homs region, which resulted in several victims from the Alawite community. This attack reminds us of the need to continue consolidating a united and pluralistic state that respects all of its communities. The Soueida situation as well, after a road map having been established, is untenable, particularly for the Druze community. And then the full inclusion of women in the life of the country. France is concerned by the decision to exclude female students from certain courses. We call upon the authorities to ensure that girls and women have equal access to education and employment, and also public life. And then the ability of all inhabitants to enjoy fundamental freedoms in Syria. This is indispensable. It's essential that linguistic and cultural rights of the Kurds be maintained. And finally, the issue of reconstruction. Two million refugees have now returned home, and humanitarian action, particularly demining efforts, remain an indispensable prerequisite for recovery and construction. The lifting of sanctions must see a return of investment, and the possibility of an international conference on the reconstruction of Syria, desired by the Syrian authorities, will make it possible to coordinate the action of the international community. And more generally, we reiterate our support to the United Nations, which remains mobilized to assist Syria both politically and in humanitarian terms. Madam President, it's indispensable that the Security Council fully assume its responsibilities to ensure full respect for the sovereignty of Syria. Attempts to destabilize Syria are affecting the efforts of the Syrian authorities and threatening stability in the whole region. We call upon Israel to cease its incursions on Syrian soil and to withdraw from positions occupied since 2004 in accordance with the 1974 agreement. A stable Syria, integrated into its regional environment, represents the best arrangement for the security of both parties. France will remain committed, alongside the Syrian people, in supporting this path towards a sovereign, pluralistic, peaceful and prosperous Syria. Thank you.

I thank the representative of France for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Panama.

Thank you, Madam President. We are grateful for the briefers, the Deputy Special Envoy for Syria, Claudio Cordoni, Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, Mohamed Yaya, the co-founder of the Syrian Youth Empowerment Initiative, George Bata, and Hajia Malim, Regional Director for the Middle East, Eastern Africa and Southern Africa at Plan International, Inc. We also acknowledge the presence of the representatives of the Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, and Libya, who honor us with their participation today. On the 8th of October, this Council issued a statement reaffirming its strong commitment to Syria's sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity, and urged all parties to respect and fully implement the 1974 disengagement agreement. Panama firmly aligns itself with this position and reiterates the importance of full compliance with the agreement and respect for the mandate of UNDOF. After years of conflict, Syria needs to preserve the political space and all available resources for its recovery. In a regional context marked by growing escalation, we consider it essential to keep the country removed from all regional conflicts. Syria's stability cannot be assessed solely on the basis of reduced hostilities, but also on the state's ability to respond to the needs of its population. In this regard, economic recovery is an indispensable component for consolidating the country's stability. The rehabilitation of infrastructure, the restoration of basic services, and the creation of economic opportunities are essential to improving people's living conditions and to laying the foundations for a sustainable recovery. Likewise, the humanitarian response and the creation of conditions for the voluntary, safe and dignified return of refugees and displaced persons are fundamental priorities. At the same time, the arrival of winter will worsen the needs of millions of people, especially those who remain in precarious conditions with regard to shelter, heating and sanitation. It is essential to strengthen winter assistance and ensure sufficient resources to respond to humanitarian needs, which continue to far exceed the funding available. Syria's unity must also be built through concrete guarantees for all its citizens, regardless of their origin, community, or place of residence. Education is an essential dimension of that effort. In the governorate of Sweida, tensions have affected students' access to examinations and educational continuity. According to recent information, of the approximately 13,700 students expected to complete their exams in 2026, only 150 were able to do so. We commend the United Nations for its noteworthy efforts to address this situation, and we urge all parties to implement the 2025 Sueda roadmap and to prioritize the well-being of students and ensure continuity of education through inclusive solutions. At the same time, it is important that efforts to address educational needs in Sueda be framed within a broader national vision. The recovery of Syria's educational system must benefit all children and young people in the country, including those who were forced to seek refuge in other countries because of the conflict, as well as those who remain in communities affected by displacement and the destruction of infrastructure. For the Syrian people, the construction of a modern, inclusive state governed by the rule of law represents an aspiration forged through decades of sacrifice. Honoring that legacy requires a transition that guarantees justice for victims, and lays the foundation for a State that protects all its citizens and before which no one is above the law. Thank you very much.

I thank the representative of Panama for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the United Kingdom.

Thank you, Madam President, and I thank Deputy Special Envoy Cordone, Assistant Secretary-General Yahya, Mr. Bata and Mr. Malim for their briefings. The United Kingdom welcomes the progress Syria has made in recent months. President Sharar's participation during the General Assembly's High-Level Week was an important demonstration of Syria's continued engagement with international partners as it works towards a more peaceful, stable and prosperous future. President, I will make three points. Economic recovery is essential to Syria's future. many Syrians continue to face significant economic hardship, including rising living costs and pressure on household incomes. Political progress must increasingly be accompanied by tangible improvements in people's lives. We therefore welcome the Syrian Government's efforts to attract investment, strengthen regional economic ties, and support reconstruction and livelihoods. The international community should continue to support measures that restore economic opportunity, improve basic services, and create the conditions for sustainable recovery, including for displaced Syrians to return home. For our part, the United Kingdom is committed to supporting Syria's recovery. We have allocated $90 million this financial year, including support for education, entrepreneurship, agricultural and livelihoods. This will help create jobs, address continuing humanitarian needs, and build confidence in Syria's future. Second, recent reports of sectarian tensions and violence underline the importance of ensuring that Syria's political progress remains inclusive. Lasting stability depends on all Syrians having confidence that their rights and security will be protected and that they have a stake in their country's future. The United Kingdom therefore continues to emphasize the importance of inclusive governance, meaningful participation by all communities, and credible transitional justice processes. Accountability and equal protection are essential to building trust and preventing renewed instability. Third, respect for Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity remains essential to long-term stability, political progress, and economic recovery. In that regard, I reaffirm the United Kingdom's long-standing position that we consider the Golan Heights to be occupied Syrian territory. President, the progress achieved so far is real, but it is not yet secure. The task now is to translate political progress into economic opportunity, inclusive governance and lasting stability for all Syrians. The United Kingdom will continue to support that effort. I thank you.

I thank the representative of the United Kingdom for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Bahrain.

Madam President, I wish to thank Mr. Claudio Cordone, Deputy Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Syria. Mr. Muhammad Yahya, ASG for Humanitarian Affairs and Deputy Emergency Relief Coordinator of the Office of Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, for their important briefings. We have taken note of the information provided by the civil society representatives, Mr. Battah and Mr. Maallim. We welcome the participation of the representatives of the Syrian Arab Republic, Libya, and the Republic of Turkey in our session. Madam President, we reiterate our steadfast position in support of the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity and unity of the Syrian Arab Republic. This is a cornerstone for security and stability and for the establishment of an environment conducive for the recovery of the state and the restoration of its role at the regional and international levels. In this regard, we reiterate our steadfast position vis-a-vis Israeli acts of aggression and incursions into Syrian territories. This is a violation of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and unity of the Syrian Arab Republic and a breach of the rules of international law and the UN Charter, including latest acts along the so-called Sufa 53 line. We underline the importance of avoiding any steps that may stoke tension or impose a new reality on the ground. We reiterate the need for Israel to withdraw from occupied Syrian territories, including the occupied Syrian Golan. And we reiterate the need to abide by the 1974 Disengagement Agreement and relevant Security Council resolutions, including 497. We also underline the need to pursue diplomatic efforts for de-escalation and to strengthen security and stability in the region. The Kingdom of Bahrain commends the role undertaken by the UN Disengagement Observer Force, the ONDF. And we reiterate the need to ensure the safety and freedom of movement of its personnel so that they are able to fulfill their mandate. Madam President, at the political and developmental levels, we reiterate the importance of supporting efforts by the Syrian government to foster stability and national reconciliation, the rule of law, coexistence, and civil peace. We stress the need to ensure the participation of all segments of Syrian society in the forging of their future. We support national efforts to ensure transitional justice and address the missing persons file to strengthen reconciliation and confidence. And we support efforts to lift sanctions against Syria to enable the brotherly Syrian people to kickstart reconstruction and rebuilding. We underline the need to translate the political and developmental support provided to Syria into tangible and practical steps that contribute to the strengthening of state institutions the advancement of economic recovery and reconstruction, and the improvement of living conditions for the Syrian people to support stability and realize the people's aspiration for a more secure and prosperous future. At the humanitarian level, we welcome the return of displaced persons and refugees to their homes. The sustainability of such a return requires the restoration of basic services, the rehabilitation of infrastructure, and the improvement of living conditions. We call upon the international community and donors to continue to respond to humanitarian needs and to ensure unhindered delivery of humanitarian assistance to those in need, in addition to early recovery and reconstruction support to pave the way for a sustainable, dignified, safe, voluntary return. In conclusion, we reiterate our full solidarity with the Syrian Arab Republic. We support its security, its stability, and the realization of its people's aspirations. I thank you, Madam President.

I thank the representative of Bahrain for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of China.

President. I thank Deputy Special Envoy Codonet and ASG Yahia for their briefings. I have listened carefully to the statements by the two representatives of civil society. I welcome the representatives of Syria, Turkey, and Libya to this meeting. For some time now, with the joint efforts of the Syrian Transitional Government and all parties, the situation in Syria has, in general, remained stable, with economic recovery gaining momentum and humanitarian situation improving. That said, Syria still faces arduous challenges in its national development and reconstruction. We hope that the transitional government of Syria will adopt more pragmatic measures to effectively address the concerns of the international community and make positive efforts to serve the interests of the Syrian people. China believes that against this backdrop, the following four points deserve close attention. First, political transition. Syria has made progress in holding nationwide political dialogue, establishing and improving national institutions, and advancing inclusive political transition. Meanwhile, animosity within the country remains complex and hard to resolve. with intercommunal and ethnic divisions still continuing and local armed clashes still occurring from time to time. China supports the Transitional Government of Syria in upholding the principle of inclusiveness, ensuring smooth channels for the public to express their demands, properly addressing the legitimate concerns of all parties through inclusive dialogue, guaranteeing the lawful rights of all ethnic groups on an equal footing. achieving internal reconciliation at an early date and advancing national reconstruction through good governance. Second, threat of terrorism. The security situation in Syria remains fragile. Frequent terrorist attacks have resulted in heavy civilian casualties and repeated damages to the energy infrastructure. These developments deserve high vigilance. Foreign terrorist fighters in Syria are a malignant tumor of terrorism, threatening peace and security in Syria and the countries across the region. The international community must uphold unity and cooperation and reject double standards in combating terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. The Syrian transitional government must take a firm counterterrorism position translate political commitments into real actions, and resolutely fight against all international terrorist organizations designated by the Security Council, including ETIM. Third, economy and people's livelihood. After years of conflict, reconstruction in Syria is a formidable task. The transitional government of Syria has spared no efforts to attract foreign investment, repair infrastructure, and restore agricultural production. Not long ago, Syria proposed no camps initiative to support the sustainable return of overseas refugees and displaced persons. This is a positive initiative. With winter approaching, the humanitarian situation in the country will further exacerbate. We encourage the UN to play its coordinating role, mobilize all parties to expand and expedite humanitarian assistance to the country, and prioritize the delivery of food, medical supplies, tents, and other winter necessities. to give the Syrian people a winter with warmth. Fourth, sovereignty and security. Security and stability in the surrounding environment is an important premise for the national reconstruction of Syria. The Golan Heights is internationally recognized as Syrian territory under occupation. The sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of Syria must be respected. Israel should end its illegal presence in Syria. and cease its unlawful military activities there. The relevant Security Council resolutions and the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement must be implemented. China stands ready to work with the international community and contribute to the achievement at an early date of security and development in Syria and full restoration of peace and stability across the region. Thank you, President.

I thank the representative of China for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Somalia.

Thank you, Madam President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the A3, namely the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, and my own country, Somalia. We thank Deputy Special Envoy Cordoni and ASG Yahya for their comprehensive briefings. We have listened carefully to the testimony of Mr. Batah and Mr. Muallem. We welcome the participation of the Permanent Representative of the Syrian Arab Republic, Libya, and Turkey in today's meeting. Madam President, the A3 welcomes the positive momentum in Syria. Despite persistent challenges, the Syrian government has demonstrated resolve in restoring national institutions and responding to the aspirations of the Syrian people. Sustained international support will be essential to consolidate this progress and ensure Syria's transition delivers lasting peace, stability, and prosperity for all Syrians. In this context, the A3 wishes to highlight the following points: First, We welcome the Government's efforts to consolidate the political transition and strengthen national institutions. We take note of its engagement with the United Nations on preparations for parliamentary and presidential elections under a new constitution, including possible UN electoral assistance. We encourage continued progress toward an inclusive, Syrian-led and Syrian-owned political process with meaningful participation of women, youth, civil society, and all communities. Security Council Resolution 2254 remains the central framework for this process. We encourage the prompt conclusion of the arrangements enabling an appropriate presence of the Office of the Special Envoy in Damascus. Second, the A3 believes that the humanitarian assistance must remain uninterrupted for as long as the humanitarian needs of the Syrian people persist. At the same time, Syria requires a carefully coordinated shift toward an early recovery, reconstruction, and long-term development. We call for enhanced financial support for humanitarian operations and closer engagement among the United Nations, international financial institutions, donors, and the Syrian Government. This international community should explore practical options to help Syria reconnect with international financial systems, restore essential infrastructure, revive livelihoods, and rebuild its economy. Emergency save lives today. Recovery efforts give Syrians the means to rebuild for tomorrow. Third, we welcome Syria's cooperation with the international disarmament and verification bodies. The verified destruction of 42 chemical aerial bombs is an important step in resolving outstanding issues related to the former chemical weapons program. We also note Syria's cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency and access granted to relevant sites. We encourage the government to maintain this positive momentum through continued transparency and cooperation with the OPCW and the IAEA. Fourth, We deplore continued military incursions and violations of Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Such actions threaten civilians and risk wider regional escalations. We reaffirm that the occupied Syrian Golan remains an integral part of Syrian territory under international law and in accordance with Security Council Resolution 497 of 1981. We call for the withdrawal from all Syrian territories and full respect for the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement. Fifth and my last point, the situation in Al-Suwayda underscores the importance of dialogue, reconciliation, and national cohesion. We support the September 2025 roadmap and encourage the government to address detainee and missing persons cases build confidence with the Druze communities, and promote reconciliation between Bedouin and Druze communities. We also commend the Syrian Government's efforts to confront ISIL and Daesh and other terrorist groups, while stressing the importance of accountable security sector reform and respect for international law in counterterrorism operations. In this regard, the international community has a responsibility to stand in solidarity with Syria against this shared threat. Defeating extremism, violence, and securing long-term stability in Syria and the region demands stronger global cooperation and continued support. To conclude, Syria now has an opportunity that seemed almost impossible only a few years ago. The A3 reaffirms its commitment to Syria's sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity. The Syrian people have endured immense suffering, displacement and hardship over many years. We urge the Council and the wider international community to remain united in supporting the aspirations of the Syrian people in building a peaceful, stable, united and a prosperous future. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Somalia for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Latvia.

Thank you, Madam President. I thank Deputy Special Envoy Claudia Cordone and Assistant Secretary-General Mohamed Yahya for their informative briefings, and I also thank Mr. George Batah and Mr. Hager Maalim for sharing their insights. Madam President, in his speech at the UN General Assembly during the High-Level Week, President Ahmed Al-Sharaa emphasized that Syria has transformed from a crisis into an opportunity. We acknowledge and welcome this milestone, which is significant first and foremost for Syria, but also represents an important turning point for the entire region. It is important that the Syrian government, as it continues to advance the country's political transition, international integration, and economic recovery, keeps the aspirations of its people at the core of its endeavors. In this regard, the work of the People's Assembly is of immense importance. The drafting of the new constitution, strengthening the rule of law and accountable institutions, as well as adopting reforms necessary for economic growth, investment and reconstruction need to advance. The involvement of the Syrian civil society, meaningful participation of women in political decision-making, and inclusive representation of all ethnic and religious communities are essential to ensure a more stable, inclusive, and united Syria. Over the course of nearly two years, Syria has made significant progress, best demonstrated by the growing number of Syrians returning to their communities across the country. As Syria regains its place on the international stage and further benefits from the lifting of sanctions, its economy is gradually recovering. However, many Syrians have yet to feel tangible economic improvements in their daily lives, and humanitarian aid and funding remain essential to meet the needs of the 15.6 million people who still require assistance. The forthcoming multi-sector needs assessment for 2027, to be conducted by OCHA and the Syrian Government, will be important in ensuring that the Syria without camps policy can continue on the basis of a comprehensive understanding of remaining needs and vulnerabilities, and that the returns and reintegration of families are supported through adequate access to basic services, safe environment, housing and livelihoods. and work must continue to bring the approximately 2 million Syrian children back into the education system. Indeed, further investment in education is essential to address the impact of years of war on children and young people, and to provide Syria's next generation with the foundation to shape the country's future. We welcome the increasingly active and broad cooperation developing between Syria and the UN, and encourage Syria to harness the full potential of its cooperation to implement transition and reconstruction priorities. We also look forward to strengthening the European Union's partnership with Syria. The recent visit to Damascus by the High Representative and Vice President Kaja Kallas, who confirmed the EU's commitment to further contribute towards Syria's sustainable economic recovery, institutional strengthening, and the promotion of reconciliation and transitional justice. Security and peace within Syria and along its borders are essential to foster investment and business activity in the country and the region. The recent attack in Homs reminded that the internal security situation in Syria remains fragile. Also, the fight against terrorism and preventing the resurgence of ISIS, crucial for the country's internal security, and require sustained involvement of the Syrian Armed Forces. Amid the ongoing turmoil in the wider Middle East, Syria's transitional government continues to pursue pragmatic engagement with regional countries and its neighbors. And we welcome the restraint shown by Syria and its readiness to engage in negotiations aimed at reducing tensions and achieving a mutually acceptable security arrangement with Israel. And we call on Israel to engage constructively abide by the relevant Security Council resolutions and respect the terms of the 1974 Disengagement of Forces Agreement in the Syrian Golan. Madam President, after decades of devastation and suffering, the Syrian people's efforts to build a stable, dignified and prosperous future deserve the continued support of the international community. And Latvia remains committed to the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Syria. and to support an inclusive Syrian-led and Syrian-owned transition process that addresses country's security and humanitarian needs and advances its socio-economic recovery and provides a future to Syria's children and youth. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Latvia for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Colombia.

Thank you, Madam President. I'd like to thank Deputy Special Envoy for Syria, Mr. Claudio Cordoni, Assistant Secretary General for Humanitarian Affairs, Mr. Mohamed Yaya, and Messrs. Bata and Malin for the information they shared with us. And I also welcome the presence of the delegations joining us today. Colombia is taking the floor today to express thanks. The Syrian file came to this Council as an open conflict, and today it's now something different. we are being called upon to assist a transition with verifiable results. Recognizing these conditions is essential to make progress. Institutionally, the transitional government has announced an election process. These are sovereign decisions adopted under adverse conditions, and the Council has been asking this for some time, but we still have not received a reply. Colombia would like to stress the efforts, particularly to counter terrorism. The transitional government has assumed the custody of the northeast, including the Al-Hol camp. But this is there's still a threat to stability in the region. These are measures, however, that will benefit the region, not just nationally. Colombia also recognizes that the transition has included inclusion, and those efforts are now being translated into institutional reform. The Assembly of the People and the Constitutional Supreme Court already have the presence of women. This is something that should continue. Colombia welcomes these efforts, and we call for further efforts to extend women's representation in all transitional bodies and communities so that inclusion continues to be the way that the transition can move forward. Madam President. Those displaced are returning and therefore humanitarian assistance is needed and must be sustainable. 39,000 returned to their homes in July and August and obviously increased needs and they have found that there aren't sufficient services and lack of employment. The United Nations should accompany these movements on the ground and rehabilitate water, electricity, hospitals and basic services. This is a response that needs to be pursued. Around about two and a half million people receive assistance every month in the health area. It's operating at half capacity. Very many of the hospitals and primary care centers, only about half of them are functioning. Colombia calls for sustainable and flexible funding that will make it possible for resources to be provided to those that are displaced and will continue to foster cooperation between the Syrian government and the UN and its partners based on national priorities following humanitarian principles. Colombia reiterates its support for an inclusive political process under Syrian leadership with the assistance of the United Nations to help Syria in this process. This is important for security of the region and for the needs of the people. The country needs constant international support. That is the constant. Thank you.

for the statement, I shall now make a statement in my capacity as the representative of Greece. I wish to thank the Deputy Special Envoy Claudio Cordone and AYSG Mohammed Yahya for their briefings. I also wish to thank Mr. George Baddakh of Syrian Youth Empowerment and Mr. Hajib Maalim of Plan International for putting the spotlight of our briefing on education and the protection of children. Colleagues, education must lie at the core of Syria's recovery. As the Greek Prime Minister said in his annual address to the General Assembly last month, Syria is key to the region, as lasting stability in the Middle East requires a stable and peaceful Syria. A Syria that is inclusive, free from foreign interference and regional rivalries, and where every citizen can and should feel secure. The new Syrian authorities have taken steps in this direction, yet further concrete progress must be demonstrated. particularly when it comes to protecting the rights and security of all religious and ethnic communities. The recent violence in Sukayla Biya and Homs is a troubling reminder of the fragility of social cohesion and the continuing security concerns facing Syria's communities. In this context, we have also seen reports of renewed violence affecting the Orthodox Christian community, among others, following earlier incidents this year. These developments underscore a point Greece has consistently made in this Council: all Syrians must feel genuinely represented, protected, and included in the transition process. Syria's recovery cannot be sustainable unless every community, whether religious or ethnic, has confidence that its security, rights, and identity are fully respected. This is particularly important when we consider Syria's children. After years of conflict, millions of Syrian children have lost precious years of education. Schools and educational infrastructure have been damaged or destroyed. Teachers and families have been displaced. Unexploded ordnance continues to threaten children on their way to school and in their communities. The protection of children must therefore remain at the forefront of our efforts. We welcome the commitment of the Syrian authorities to engage with the United Nations on a plan to end and prevent grave violations against children, and call for its swift adoption and implementation. Education is an investment in Syria's social cohesion, resilience, and long-term stability. A generation deprived of education risks perpetuating the wounds of divisions of the conflict. Syria cannot afford a lost generation of children. Investment in education is therefore an investment in Syria's future and in its youth. Syria's recovery will ultimately be measured by the kind of future it offers to Syrian children, boys and girls. They must have schools to attend, teachers to guide them, communities in which they feel safe, and the opportunity to grow up without inheriting the divisions of the past. We echo the call of the DSC for the authorities to review recent guidelines and ensure equal access to higher education free from discrimination. As a consistent advocate for the protection of children in armed conflict, during its Security Council tenure, Greece remains committed to supporting the Syrian people and to working with the UN towards a peaceful, prosperous, and inclusive Syria, in full respect of its sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity, and with the rights and freedoms of all its citizens fully safeguarded. I thank you. I resume my function as President of the Council. I now give the floor to the representative of Syrian Arab Republic.

Thank you, Madam President. At the outset, I would like to thank you and your team for managing the work of the Security Council during this month. And I thank your country for your ongoing support to New Syria and for focusing today on education, as it is a main pillar for peace, security, and stability in Syria. I would also like to thank the briefers from the United Nations for their valuable briefings. and for starting their briefings by focusing on the economic and humanitarian sides, as they are essential for stability in this period. I would also like to thank Mr. George Batah and Mr. Hajer Malm for highlighting the education sector. This sector was one of the most severely affected during years of war, and we wish for it today to be at the forefront of recovery. Mr. George, Congratulations on your return to Syria after years of displacement, and congratulations to Syria for witnessing the return of you and other sons and daughters. This is the free Syria. This is the new Syria. Madam President. Before I begin my statement, I would like to express my sincere condolences to the family and loved ones of those who were killed during the past period. All those who perpetrated crimes against the Syrian people will be held accountable. I would also like to convey condolences to the family and loved ones of the young civilian killed by the Israeli occupation forces in Al-Qunaytirah a few days ago, to our brave citizens in Al-Qunaytirah and Rural Dar'a, those who are facing semi-daily incursions, arrest, and attacks, to the heroic journalists who came under fire from the occupation forces as they were documenting and reporting on the truth, I say to them, new Syria will not forget its people and will not compromise on the rights of its citizens and will not ignore their national issues in the most important international platform. As for those opening fire on civilians and journalists, I say. Those who claim to be searching for security should not be killing Syrian citizens within Syrian territory. They should not raid their homes, arrest their sons, and enforce their disappearance. They should know very well that there is only one path towards security, which is international legitimacy and the resolutions of your august Council, which you have reaffirmed once again in the press elements issued by the Council a few days ago. Colleagues, The paradox highlighted by Israel through its attacks has become evident before everyone. Every time they open fire on Syria, they are, as the world has witnessed, at the same time opening fire on itself, locally and internationally. Madam President, A year ago, Syria came to New York to announce its return to the international community after decades of absence and isolation. However, this year, as you have seen and witnessed, Syria came to the 81st session of the General Assembly to say this return has become an undeniable truth. Today, Syria is a responsible and active state partner in the security and stability of the region. Last year, The Syrian presidential participation paved the way towards our return to the international community. However, Syria's participation this year paved the way for a new era of recovery and development. Syria is no longer a complicated file or an impossible crisis as it was in the past. It is now a partner that creates solutions and contributes to their implementation. As we have succeeded during the 80th session to convey the Syrian diplomatic and political success to the world and enhance international support to new Syria, the theme for this session for us in New York will be moving forward in the path of Syrian recovery and development in cooperation with member states, the United Nations, and its specialized agencies. Madam President, during the High-Level Week, we also talked about our vision to move from managing to ending displacement, from funding camps to funding return and recovery through Syria's initiative, No Camps, where we reaffirmed that there is no sense in exiting camps if families can't find a home. if they can't find a school for their children, a healthcare for their health needs, and work to protect their dignity. Therefore, a genuine return is not limited to leaving the camps. It goes beyond that to living in security, dignity, and stability. As you know, and as our colleagues from OCHA have mentioned, this vision has started to turn into a reality with the return of new families to their homes. to ongoing efforts to rehabilitate services and infrastructure in the receiving communities. Madam President, internally, state institutions continue to carry out their functions to protect Syrians and protect their stability. We have dismantled cells affiliated with Daesh. We have foiled terrorist plans. We have prosecuted drug smuggling and organized crime networks. And in days, we managed to resume operations in vital facilities targeted by sabotage. At the same time, and after decades of the absence of the rule of law, the People's Assembly continued to carry out its legislative and supervisory functions to strengthen in Syria the state of institutions and law, a state that creates its decisions within its institution and within the law. Colleagues, Syria did what is necessary. It has become a positive model to be followed and referred to. It is now up to the international community, whom Syrian men and women look up to, to move from political support to genuine partnership, from announcing support to implementing support. It is time today to support economic recovery, provide investments and creating job opportunities, to support reconstruction, to rehabilitate schools and hospitals. water, and electricity networks to provide resources, equipment, and the necessary expertise to demine and remove unexploited ordnance and the remnants of war. As colleagues in OCHA have mentioned, the number of martyrs and wounded from the remnants of war in Syria after the liberation have exceeded 2,500 people, one of the highest figures of victims of mines and remnants of war around the world. These are not merely figures. These are lives lost, children injured, families prevented from going back home, farmlands where people stay away for fear of a death hidden under the soil. Removing mines is not a technical issue. It is to protect civilians. It is a prerequisite for the return. It is a gateway for reconstruction and development. The recovery of Syria will not serve Syria alone. It is an investment in the security of the region in preventing the return of terrorism, drugs, displacement, and instability. In conclusion, Madam President, last year, we asked the world to believe in Syria's capacity to return. Today, Syria before you is uncovering the results of what it has achieved. We are no longer asking for an opportunity to prove ourselves, for we have done so. We're no longer asking for your political support, for you have given that support. What we are asking from you today is to turn this support into a just partnership that would help Syrians to resume construction to protect their return, to prevent the remnants of war, terrorism, and Israeli attacks from destroying what they have achieved. Syria chose to rise. Syrian men and women chose to rebuild after years of destruction. We are expecting from the international community not just to watch this rise, but to be a genuine partner in this rise. I thank you.

I thank the representative of the Syrian Arab Republic for the statement. And now I give the floor to the representative of Turkey.

Thank you, Madam President. Allow me to start by congratulating you on assuming the presidency of the Council and wish you every success during your term. I also thank Assistant Secretary General Mr. Yahya the Special Envoy for Syria, Mr. Cordone, Mr. Batah, and Mr. Maalin for their comprehensive briefings. Madam President, the resilience shown by the Syrian people since December 24, following years of brutal conflict, gives us hope for the future. Despite the scale of challenges, Syria continues to move in the right direction. gradual development of the People's Assembly into a fully functioning legislative body would help consolidate the country's normalization process. The Assembly's unanimous approval of the bill to abolish the Assad-era terrorism court is a welcome step in this direction. Dissolution of the so-called SDF has opened a new chapter in the integration process. Remaining arrangements should be finalized and fully implemented without delay in a manner that reinforces Syria's sovereignty, unity, and social cohesion. As confirmed in the latest OPCW report, the verified destruction of 42 aerial bombs marks an important step in addressing Syria's chemical weapons file. Together with our partners in the Breadth of Freedom Task Force, Turkey will continue to support Syria's cooperation with the OPCW. Madam President, significant security challenges nevertheless remain. The fight against terrorism is a critical priority. We welcome the Syrian Government's determination, demonstrated through its efforts and cooperation with the Global Coalition, to work with international partners for the enduring defeat of Daesh terrorist organization. We also welcome the coalition's commitment to supporting Syria's counterterrorism needs. We will continue to contribute to these efforts. As Daesh adapts its strategy to new realities on the ground, Syria needs strong, professional security institutions capable of countering this evolving threat. Continued international support for strengthening their capacities is therefore essential. The growing threat of drug trafficking and the widespread presence of mines and explosive remnants of war also require sustained international attention. Turkey stands ready to support Syria in addressing these challenges, including through cooperation with the UN Office on Drugs and Crime and the UN Mine Action Service. Madam President, security and economic recovery must advance hand in hand. Lasting stability is essential for Syria to rebuild its economy, attract investment, and participate in regional energy and connectivity projects. International community should provide more effective support for the economic development. For their part, Syrian authorities should strengthen the legal framework and create the conditions necessary to facilitate business and attract foreign investment, including from their own diaspora. Progress in these areas would also help address the conditions that terrorist and criminal organizations seek to exploit. Madam President, Israel's continued violations of Syrian sovereignty and territorial integrity undermine these prospects and show disregard for international law. The situation is particularly alarming in southern Syria, where continued military incursions and expansionist actions and words are getting out of control. The Secretary-General's latest report on UNDOF provides a disturbing account of these violations. Israel's more recent resumption of activities along the so-called Suweihat 51 line in Quneitra represents a further attempt to undermine the 1964 disengagement agreement and create new fait accompli on the ground. These reckless acts must stop. Israel must fully comply with the 1974 agreement and relevant UN Security Council resolutions, particularly resolution 497, and withdraw from the occupied Syrian Golan. A stable, sovereign, and unified Syria, capable of securing its borders, defeating terrorist organizations, and contributing to regional peace and economic cooperation, serves the interests of all, including Israel. This has been the good neighbor approach by Turkey before the start of the conflict, during the conflict, and post-conflict. Turkey remains firmly committed to Syria's sovereignty, political unity, and territorial integrity. We will continue to work with regional and international partners towards a stable, secure, and prosperous Syria. Madam President, since some delegations touched on the displaced persons and return, let me briefly inform the Council about this from my country. Certainly, at one point, Syrians under the temporary protection in Syria reached more than 4 million. Today, it is around 2.2 million. The return is gradual for understandable reasons, namely economic conditions, security concerns in general, Israeli incursions in particular. Also, the connections of families to education institutions in Turkey, the children are registered. We hope and we believe that when the conditions develop within Syria, the gradual, voluntary, dignified return of the Syrian people will increase in pace. Thank you.

Thank the representative of Turkey for the statement and now give the floor to the representative of Libya.

Seyda Raisa, I will.

Madam President, please allow me to, at the outset, congratulate you on your assumption of the presidency of the Security Council for this month, and I wish you every success. I also would like to thank all of the briefers, and it is my pleasure to make this statement on behalf of the Arab Group. Madam President, Our meeting today comes at a critical time that requires all of us to intensify efforts and coordinate our visions to support the Syrian Arab Republic in its path towards consolidating the foundations of internal security and stability. At a time when the Syrian government continues to take serious steps to preserve the security of the country and preserve the resources of its brotherly people and regional environment, which has multiple challenges, the Arab Group thinks that these efforts need to be accompanied by a constructive international position, which supports general recovery and protects Syria from any attempt to tamper with its security or to exploit its transitional conditions. And in this regard, the Arab Group would like to emphasize the following four points. First, The Arab Group reiterates its principled and firm position of full commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic. We reject all forms of external interference in its internal affairs or any practices that could undermine its security. We commend the commitment of the Syrian Government and the practical steps they took to maintain stability, consolidate security, and steer the country away from the furnace of accelerated regional escalation. The Group thinks that the stability and unity of Syria constitute the cornerstone of the security of the entire region. We therefore call for the provision of concrete international support for the Syrian state institutions, in particular during this critical period. And we call for the removal of all remaining economic and political obstacles and constraints which stand in the way of their comprehensive recovery and the natural integration of Syria into its regional and international environment. Second, the Arab Group condemns, in the strongest terms, the military aggressions and air strikes carried out by the Israeli occupying forces on Syrian territory. In particular, the targeting of the Abu al-Duhur military airport and vital infrastructure, as well as field incursions and the illegal entry of Israeli officials into Syrian territory. These hostile practices are a flagrant violation of Syria's sovereignty, a violation of the Charter and international law, and a clear attempt to stoke strife and undermine efforts to restore recovery and security. We call upon the Security Council to fully shoulder its responsibilities to compel Israel to put an end to its aggression, to wholly uphold the 1974 disengagement of forces agreements. We call on Israel to withdraw completely and unconditionally from all Syrian territories, and to completely withdraw from the occupied Syrian Golan back to the line of the 4th June 1967. We reiterate our principled affirmation according to which Golan is occupied Syrian Arab territory, and that any decisions or actions taken by the occupation are null and void. have no legal effect, and this is in accordance with the resolutions of international legitimacy, foremost among them Resolution 497, passed in 1981. Third point, the Arab Group welcomes the concrete and increasing cooperation between the Syrian Government, the United Nations and its various specialized agencies. This was reflected in the high-level visits of the Secretary-General and the High Commissioner for Refugees. We've also seen continuous coordination with IAEA and OPCW. The Group, once again, calls for support to the efforts of the Syrian state in the fight against terrorism, in eradicating the remnants of Daesh and other armed terrorist organizations. And we need to create conditions to prevent their return or their exploitation of security and economic conditions. Syria should not be a starting point for any threat to the security and stability of the countries in the region. At the same time, we appreciate the national measures taken in the areas of transitional justice, on the missing persons file. and the promotion of national reconciliation and accountability in order to consolidate civil peace and strengthen the rule of law. Fourth point, the Arab Group stresses that a sustainable transition from depending on humanitarian dependence to a phase of recovery and reconstruction is imperative. And in light of recent indicators, according to which there were about 1.8 million Syrian refugees who returned from neighboring countries, and more than 2 million internally displaced persons have returned to their origin, there is an urgent need to inject international investment and direct financing for infrastructure projects, rehabilitate basic services. and to intensify demining to ensure voluntary, safe and dignified return. In this context, the Arab Group expresses its deep appreciation for the significant humanitarian role played by States hosting Syrian refugees. these states should not be left to shoulder these enormous burdens alone, and we call on the international community and donors to strengthen and expand the scope of financial and development support directed to them in response to international responsibility-sharing obligations. In conclusion, Madam President, the Arab Group reaffirms its firm and continuous commitment to the Syrian Arab Republic and its brotherly people at this crucial juncture, and calling on the Security Council to adopt a balanced and constructive approach based on respect for national sovereignty, support for economic and humanitarian recovery options, and the consolidation of the foundations of a state of institutions and law that guarantees justice and equality and protects the rights of all of the Syrian people without exception in a manner that enhances security and safety in the region. I thank you.

I thank the representative of Libya for the statement. There are no more names inscribed on the list of speakers. The meeting is adjourned.

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