(Resumed) The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question - Security Council, 10243rd meeting Security Council Date: 15 October 2026 Language: English Transcript: https://transcripts.un.org/en/sc/10243/3 Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations. --- Greece · President [8:55]: The 10,244th meeting of the Security Council is called to order. The provisional agenda for this meeting is the situation in the Middle East. The agenda is adopted. The Security Council will now begin its consideration of item 2 of the agenda. The Council has before it the text of a statement by the President on behalf of the Council on the subject of today's meeting. I thank the Council members for their valuable contributions to this statement. In accordance with the understanding reached among the members of the Council, I shall take it that the members of the Security Council agree to the statement, which will be issued as a document of the Security Council under the symbol S/P.RST/2026/4. The meeting is adjourned. The 10,243rd meeting of the Security Council is resumed. I wish to remind all speakers to limit their statements to more than three minutes, in order to enable the Council to carry out its work expeditiously. The flashing light on the microphone will prompt speakers to bring their remarks to a close after three minutes. I now give the floor to the representative of Austria. Austria [11:35]: Thank you, Mr. President. Last week marked the third sad anniversary of Hamas' horrific terror attack of 7th of October on Israel, an act that we continue to unequivocally condemn. That day left a deep scar on Israel and the Jewish people. What ensued over the following years was a spiral of violence and destruction that has to come to an end. Mr. President, the path forward is clear. Diplomacy, negotiations, and agreements based on international law with the UN fully involved along the way. Let me make three key points. First, on the occupied Palestinian territory, Israelis and Palestinians deserve to live side by side in peace and security with a credible path to a two-state solution. The New York Declaration remains a central framework to achieve it. Any unilateral actions that undermine this prospect, including the continued settlement expansions in the West Bank, only prepare to add to conflict and must be firmly rejected. On Gaza, Austria supports the swift implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 2803. Palestinians in Gaza desperately need peace and stability, with a complete ceasefire, the disarmament of Hamas and all other armed groups, and in parallel, an Israeli withdrawal from the Strip. The protection of civilians and safe conditions for humanitarian agencies, including UNRWA, must be guaranteed, especially ahead of winter. Second, on Lebanon, we welcome the U.S.-facilitated diplomatic engagements between Israel and Lebanon, including ongoing efforts to implement the trilateral framework agreement. But we need a sustainable arrangement to support the Lebanese armed forces in disarming Hezbollah. Austria has supported UNIFIL for decades as a troop-contributing country. Its withdrawal must not create a vacuum. We therefore support a robust follow-up mission to UNIFIL mandated by this Council. And third, on the broader regional situation, especially Iran. The parties must find a way back to the negotiating table. To end the suffering, to credibly revive the nuclear talks, and to stop holding global supply chains, hostage to political ends, especially when there are bilateral deadlocks. And as my minister said during High-Level Week, conflicts are impacting the whole world. We must pursue multilateral solutions. Iran must never acquire a nuclear weapon. The path forward must therefore be based on diplomacy and peaceful means, including through the work of the IAEA. Iran's attempts to hold global shipping routes hostage are inadmissible and violate international maritime law. And so are the attacks by the Houthis and their threats on Bab al-Mandab. Mr. President, also as an incoming Council member, Austria stands ready to support all diplomatic efforts to bring back peace to the Middle East and beyond. I thank you. Greece · President [14:56]: I thank the representative of Austria for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Switzerland. Switzerland [15:05]: Mr. President, Switzerland supports mediation efforts in the region, and we call upon the parties to engage constructively. Dialogue and multilateralism remain the best guarantees of a lasting peace. In this spirit, Switzerland calls for the full implementation of the ceasefire in Gaza, the New York Declaration, and Resolution 2803. One year after its adoption, expectations have not been met, and the situation remains deeply concerning. All parties must, under all circumstances, respect international humanitarian law and protect civilians. Israel, as the occupying power, must ensure safe, rapid, and unimpeded humanitarian access, in particular by lifting restrictions on materials for emergency shelter, generators, and fuel, and by supporting humanitarian actors. This is all the more urgent as winter approaches. In the West Bank, violence committed by settlers is reaching unprecedented levels. All violations must be investigated and perpetrators prosecuted. Switzerland urges Israel to respect its international obligations and to end the illegal occupation. The expansion of settlements and forced displacement undermine the viability of the two-state solution and must cease. Switzerland remains convinced that only a negotiated two-state solution based upon international law can pave the way for lasting peace. We welcome the broad international support shown during the high-level week in favor of this solution. Strengthening the legitimacy of the Palestinian institutions is essential to realizing this vision. We regret the postponement of the elections until September 2027, and we call for the swift organization of free and fair elections. Switzerland stands ready to support this process. Beyond this conflict, developments in the Gulf highlight the risks of regional escalation. We call for a lasting ceasefire and the resumption of negotiations. Vis-a-vis Lebanon, we welcome the stabilization efforts underway under the trilateral agreement. call for continued implementation thereof. We remain deeply concerned about the intensification of hostilities in Yemen and the Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia. We condemn all attacks against civilians and civilian infrastructure, and we call for an immediate cessation of hostilities. We reiterate our support for the efforts of the UN Special Envoy in support of an inclusive political process. Turning to Syria, this transition process continues to move forward, respect for Syria's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity remains essential in this regard. Mr. President, regional security in the Middle East is inextricably linked to respect for international law and a resolute commitment to political solutions. Switzerland will continue to support de-escalation efforts and lasting political solutions. Thank you. Greece · President [18:27]: I thank the representative of Switzerland for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Brazil. Brazil [18:37]: Mr. President, one year ago, the announcement of a ceasefire in Gaza raised hopes of ending the suffering of the Palestinian people. Those expectations remain largely unfulfilled. More than 1,400 Palestinians have been killed since the ceasefire, including approximately 300 children. Much of Gaza remains devastated under Israeli military control. Over 74,000 Palestinians have been killed since October 2023. Neighborhoods have been destroyed. Most Gaza's inhabitants remain displaced. Two million people remain trapped in appalling conditions. And there are people who have come to accept this as normal when it actually amounts to genocide. All rules of international law must be fulfilled. Israel must withdraw its forces and allow the entry of humanitarian aid, civilian personnel, and materials for recovery and reconstruction. UNRWA must be allowed to fulfill its mandate. The Security Council must implement Resolution 2803 in accordance with international law. Those entrusted with a mandate by the Council must fulfill their obligations. There can be no prerequisites for the exercise of the Palestinian people's right to self-determination. Reconstruction must not be used as a bargaining chip. We strongly condemn Israel's continued withholding of Palestinian tax revenues. Brazil firmly rejects any attempt at annexation, forced displacement, and permanent territorial changes imposed by force in Gaza, in the West Bank, and in East Jerusalem. Illegal settlement expansion and settler violence undermine the territorial integrity and viability of a Palestinian state. The two-state solution cannot remain an abstract diplomatic objective while its foundations are dismantled. The international community must translate commitments into action and investigate violations of international law. Mr. President, we strongly condemn violations of Syrian sovereignty, including Israeli military incursions and occupation. The 1974 agreement must be fully respected. Syria's recovery requires international engagement and respect for its territorial integrity. Brazil is concerned about hostilities in Lebanon. We call for an immediate cessation of hostilities, full respect for Lebanese sovereignty, and implementation of Resolution 1701 of 2006. The destruction of neighborhoods and infrastructure in southern Lebanon will have lasting consequences. Israeli forces must withdraw from Lebanon. It is hard to accept that the Council is considering shutting down UNIFIL in the current situation. We reiterate our support for UNIFIL and pay tribute to its peacekeepers. If the Council persists in considering arrangements for UNIFIL's withdrawal, it must ensure that no security vacuum undermines the protection of civilians or regional stability. We are also alarmed by attacks against commercial shipping and tensions in and around the Strait of Hormuz. That is the cost of reckless violation of international law. International law must be reinstated, ensuring freedom of navigation and the safety of seafarers. Hostilities must end and negotiations in good faith must be pursued. Brazil expresses concern over the renewed escalation in Yemen, including its humanitarian consequences, and calls for a return of a UN-facilitated political process. We strongly condemn the attacks against civilian infrastructure in Saudi Arabia and the deaths of innocent civilians. Mr. President, the crises across the Middle East are distinct, but interconnected. No sustainable peace is possible without a political solution grounded in respect for sovereignty, international law, and international humanitarian law. Thank you. Greece · President [22:42]: I thank the representative of Brazil for the statement. I now give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Osama Mahmoud Abdelhalek Mahmoud, Permanent Observer of the League of Arab States to the United Nations. LAS · Permanent Observer [22:58]: Thank you, Mr. President. The situation in the Middle East has reached an unprecedented level of deterioration. Conflicts and confrontations have multiplied with grave repercussions for civilians and regional stability. Military attacks have evolved in ways that now threaten international navigation in the Straits of Hormuz and Bab al-Mandeb. Violations of state sovereignty have become recurrent. In this regard, we strongly condemn the continued terrorist attacks carried out by the Houthi militia against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its security, particularly the attack on King Khalid International Airport, which resulted in civilian casualties. The Palestinian cause remain the core of the conflict in the Middle East and lies at the heart of regional instability. Any international or regional effort to resolve the crisis of the region must necessarily begin with ending the Israeli occupation and achieving a just settlement of the Palestinian question, including enabling the Palestinian people to exercise their inalienable rights to establish their independent state on the lines of June 4, 1967, in line with the resolutions of international legitimacy. We continue Israeli attacks, military operations, and targeted killings in Gaza despite Resolution 2803 and the establishment of the Board of Peace under the leadership of President Trump. Unfortunately, prominent Arab and Muslim efforts to implement the resolution have only been met with Israeli intransigence. More than 1.4 million Palestinian civilians continue to face catastrophic conditions with severe shortages of food, clothing, and safe shelter. Israel has killed more than 1,400 Palestinians since the adoption of the resolution. Israeli settlers continue to launch armed attacks against unarmed Palestinian civilians in violation of norms of international law governing the responsibilities of the occupying power towards Palestinians living under practices reminiscent of the law of the jungle. Do you see the term settlers and settlement being used in other conflicts? Of course not. Israel is systematically undermining and killing the two State solution before the eyes of an international community through house demolitions, land confiscation, forced displacement, and the expansion of settlements to isolate Jerusalem from its Palestinian surroundings. Mr. President, we would like to emphasize the following one. We call for the full implementation of Security Council Resolution 2803, consistent with previous resolutions, particularly Resolution 2735, to ensure the consolidation of the ceasefire in Gaza, the protection of civilians, and the immediate, safe, and sustained delivery of humanitarian assistance. We reject any demographic or territorial changes imposed by force and support advancing recovery and reconstruction efforts while preserving the unity of the Palestinian territory, including Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem, to ensure that the transitional arrangements lead to the Palestinian people's exercise of their legitimate rights. We stress that Israel's delay in implementing Resolution 2803 has reached a level that warrants accountability by the Council, particularly because the substantial efforts undertaken by Arab and Islamic parties to develop a roadmap for the disarmament of Palestinian factions endorsed by President Trump We warn against continuing Israeli policies at the West Bank and East Jerusalem, including settlement expansion, land confiscation, house demolitions. We stress the need for the full implementation of Security Council Resolution 2334, which reaffirmed that Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territory occupied since 1967, including East Jerusalem, have no legal validity and called for the immediate and complete cessation of settlement activities. Three, we strongly condemn Iranian attacks against the states of the Arab Gulf and denounce such actions because they violate the sovereignty of Arab states and breach international law and contravene with the principles of good neighborliness. This is despite the Arab states' commitment to de-escalation, adherence to principles of good neighborliness, and making efforts to mediate and bring an end to this despicable war. Four, we condemn Israeli attacks against civilians and civilian infrastructure in Lebanon, including destruction in villages in southern Lebanon and the targeting of UNIFIL. We reject any Israeli to impose a new reality on the ground through the establishment of a buffer zone within Lebanese territory. Five, we condemn Israel's repeated attacks against Syrian territory and violations of Syria's sovereignty. We denounce Israel's incursion into the buffer zone and adjacent areas in Mount Hermon, Quneitra, and rural Damascus and Daraa in blatant violation of the 1974 disengagement agreement. We reaffirm that UNRWA remains the cornerstone of the international humanitarian response, particularly in Gaza. Its services cannot be replaced by temporary arrangements or alternatives that diminish the responsibility of the international community towards Palestinian refugees. In conclusion, Arab states have increasingly become arenas for interference by certain non-Arab neighboring states and violations of Arab national security. Between the ambitions of the Israeli far right concerning a greater Israel, accompanied by a disregard for international law and violations of national sovereignty in Palestine, Syria, and Lebanon, and Iranian escalation through proxy warfare and the use of militias against legitimate state authority as a means of pursuing perceived security interests, added to futile attempts to undermine established rights relating to transboundary water resources. Yet one fundamental truth remains clear: coexistence between Arabs and others in the region remains possible. Stability can be restored and prosperity secured for all the peoples, provided there is adherence to international law, respect for good neighborliness, and equal security, free from ambitions of domination, arrogance, and military superiority. Intensive and constructive Arab efforts that led to the adoption of the New York Declaration on two-state solution in September 2025, as well as the Global Alliance for the Implementation of the Two-State Solution, are clear evidence of the Arab commitment to peace. Arabs have always been advocates of peace and coexistence, guided by enduring civilizational values. However, patience should not be mistaken for weakness or complacency. Every action has consequences. The protection of Arab rights remains an obligation, and Arab national security has its legitimate requirements. At the end of the day, what goes around comes around. Thank you. Greece · President [29:43]: I thank His Excellency Mr. Mahmoud for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Libya. Libya · Arab Group [29:50]: Thank you, Mr. President. I'm honored to deliver the statement on behalf of the Arab Group. at the first anniversary of the ceasefire in Gaza after more than two years of the genocidal war on Gaza it was supposed to be a year of reconstruction and Recovery however the Palestinian people is still brewing its martyrs is still searching for survivors among the rubble, and it's still witnessing that its territories are being dismembered. The Arab Group stresses the importance of consolidating the ceasefire in Gaza. The comprehensive plan of the American President must be implemented in full. This plan was adopted by the Security Council in Resolution 2803 of 2025 in this regard. The Arab Group expresses its appreciation for the intensive efforts played by Egypt, Qatar, Turkey, and the United States. We express our grave concern over the fact that occupation forces are rejecting the implementation of the remaining phases. It is reneging on its commitment and postponing the implementation of phase two. The case in point is that more than 1,400 Palestinians have been martyred since the announcement of the ceasefire. The total number of martyrs since October 2023 amounts to more than 74,000 martyrs. Occupation forces, Israeli occupation forces, are still controlling half of the area of Gaza behind the so-called yellow line. and the national administration of Gaza is unable to enter the strip. Therefore, we call upon the occupying force to stop its violations and to fully withdraw from the strip and to allow the national community to work from inside of Gaza to pave the way for the Palestinian National Authority to assume the administration to ensure the contiguity and unity of Palestinian territories. We also categorically reject any forcible displacement of Palestinians and any annexation of parts of Gaza. We stress that any election-related calculations of the occupation forces cannot justify the non-implementation of Security Council resolutions or sacrificing Palestinian lives. On the humanitarian level, 90% of the people of Gaza are suffering from lack of safe water. 49% are in need of shelter. Restrictions threaten the entry of generators and fuel and the functioning of water pumping stations. On the 16th of September. Greece · President [33:05]: You just said Ma'aseet Shabab. Libya · Arab Group [33:08]: A building collapsed, affecting 100,000 displaced persons. This is why the Arab Group calls for lifting all restrictions on the entry of humanitarian aid. All crossings must be opened without activity or delay. Early recovery efforts and reconstruction efforts must be launched without any further delay in the occupied West Bank, including Jerusalem. Escalation persists in an unprecedented level. Since the beginning of this year, more than 1,600 attacks by settlers were recorded, seven a day. 32 Palestinians were martyred, among them nine children, within three months. This is not indiscriminate violence. This is systematic terrorism under the protection of occupation forces. Impunity reigns supreme. This is coupled with a dangerous settlement expansion. 4,570 settlement units are being advanced in the Area C and more than 1,000 in the occupied East Jerusalem. In this regard, the Arab Group condemns in the strongest terms. advancing tenders for building more than 12,000 units in the E1 area. It's a project that was announced by one of the extremist officials of the government. He said this would bury the idea of a Palestinian state forever. It isolates Jerusalem from its Palestinian surroundings. This is why the Arab Group calls upon Security Council to act swiftly to stop this project immediately. The Arab group condemns the destruction of homes, confiscating land, and the dispossession of land, and the forcible displacement of Palestinians. The Knesset of the occupation enacted a discriminatory law imposing the death penalty on Palestinians. It is entrenching the apartheid system. All these measures are illegal and legally invalid, according to resolution 2334 of 2016 and the advisory opinion of the ICJ of 19th of July 2024. The occupation forces have no sovereignty over any part of the occupied Palestinian territories. Against this background, The Arab Group values the positions of people that banned the import of goods originating in the settlements, and we call other countries to follow suit and to impose sanctions on extremist settlers. We renew our call to disarm the settlers and provide international protection to the Palestinian people. Those responsible for these crimes must be held accountable. We also call for the immediate release of the tax revenues that are withheld to prevent the collapse of the financial system in Palestine. When it comes to Al-Quds al-Sharif, Jerusalem, we condemn repeated incursions into the Haram al-Sharif by extremists and settlers with the protection of occupation forces. We condemn the practicing of rights in this area, and we warn of the spatial and temporal division. We reiterate that Al-Quds Al-Sharif is a place of worship exclusively for Muslims. The Jerusalem, Al-Aqsa, and Al-Aqsa Mosque Administration of Jordan is the body that is exclusively charged with the arrangements as part of the Hashemite Custodianship of the Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem. The Arab Group reiterates the indispensable role of UNRWA towards 6 million Palestinian refugees. We reject all measures of the occupation forces that aim to undermine UNRWA and target its facilities and the camps of displaced persons, in violation of the privileges and immunities of UN staff, and in violation of the ICJ advisory opinion of the 24th of October 2025. We call for providing adequate and sustainable financial support to UNRWA. We commend the New York Declaration. We commend the initiative of the Global Alliance. And we welcomed the high-level meeting on the 22nd of September marking the first anniversary of the approval by the GA of this declaration, we call for implementing the comprehensive plan and Resolution 2334 of 2016 and the ICJ advisory opinion, and we recommend accepting Palestine as a full-fledged member of the United Nations. Mr. President, The group condemns attacks and Israeli incursions into Syrian territories since the 8th of December 2024. We condemn detaining civilians and destroying agricultural land. We condemn working on the 53 line. Israel must withdraw from all Syrian territories, and it must abide fully by the 1974 disengagement agreement. Resolution 497 of 1981 must be implemented. Occupied Syrian Golan is Syrian territories. We also support the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Lebanon. The Lebanese government must extend its control over all its territories and it must have monopoly over the possession of weapons. We reject the establishment of so-called safety zones, and we call for the unconditional and swift withdrawal of occupation forces from all Lebanese territories. We call for respecting the trilateral framework of 26 June 2026 and the cessation of hostilities announcement of 26th of November 2026, and the full implementation of Resolution 1701 of 2006. We call for releasing all Lebanese detainees. Mr. President, in conclusion, the Arab Group stresses that following a war after the ceasefire, it did not -- the killing has not stopped, and the peace process has not stopped expansion. This proves, once again, that security and stability in the region are not going to be achieved by imposing a fait accompli. rather by ending the Israeli occupation from its roots and by allowing the Palestinian people to exercise its inalienable rights, most notably the right to self-determination and the right of return and the right to establish its independent state, sovereign state, with Jerusalem as its capital, according to international resolutions. The Group calls upon the Security Council to fulfil its responsibilities and to put an end to the impunity of occupation forces. Greece · President [40:48]: Thank you, Libya, for the statement. I now give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Pendapala Nanda, Vice-Chair of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. CEIRPP · Vice-Chair [41:05]: Thank you, Mr. President. Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the situation across the occupied Palestinian territory remains alarming. In Gaza, one year after the ceasefire took effect, civilians continue to live amid devastation, displacement, and profound uncertainty. Mass collective punishment inflicted on an entire population. Israeli strikes continue to claim lives. The health system remains under enormous strain. Humanitarian access continues to face restrictions, and recovery and reconstruction remain far below what is urgently needed. For the people of Gaza, a ceasefire must mean more than the absence of full-scale hostilities. It must bring safety, humanitarian relief, freedom from forced displacement and ethnic cleansing, and a credible path towards recovery. The devastation in Gaza is not only humanitarian, but environmental. The UN Environment Programme, UNEP, has warned that damage to to water, soil and agricultural systems could threaten public health and food security for generations to come. Mr. President, at the same time, developments in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, demand the Council's urgent attention. Settler violence and terror have reached unprecedented levels. This year alone, The UN OCHA has documented more than 1,600 settler attacks resulting in Palestinian casualties or damage to property carried out with impunity. Communities have been attacked, families displaced, homes damaged, livestock and crops destroyed, water infrastructure targeted, and Palestinians prevented from reaching their own agricultural land. These are not isolated incidences. They are occurring alongside accelerating settlement expansion, the proliferation of outposts, demolitions, evictions, land seizures, and increasingly severe restrictions on Palestinian movements. Particularly alarming is the continued advancement of settler plans in the E1 area. As the UN Secretary-General has warned, implementation of these plans would sever the territorial contiguity of the West Bank and deal a devastating blow to the prospects of a viable and contiguous Palestinian state. This is not merely settlement expansion. This is part of Israel's deliberate and unlawful policy of terror to consolidate a system of discrimination and domination and to perpetuate the Nakba of the Palestinian people. Mr. President, international law is clear. Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, have no legal validity and constitute a flagrant violation under international law. Security Council Resolution 2334 is equally clear in demanding an immediate and complete cessation of all settlement activities. The occupying power has an obligation to protect the civilian population under occupation. Palestinian families should not have to abandon their homes and land because they fear another attack. Nor should violence and intimidation become instruments of displacement. Similarly alarming are the ongoing Israeli measures to prevent UNRWA from implementing its General Assembly mandate. Mr. President, what is happening in Gaza cannot be separated from what is happening in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. They form one occupied Palestinian territory and must remain politically, economically, and territorially united. The international community cannot continue to profess its commitment to the two-state solution while allowing the very foundations of that solution to be steadily dismantled on the ground. Words must not be matched by action. Activity must stop. Settler violence must end, and perpetrators must be held accountable. Civilians must be protected. The United Nations and other humanitarian actors must be granted safe and unhindered access to the population in need. Since October 7, 2023 alone, this conflict and its humanitarian consequences has resulted in immense loss of life, widespread suffering among civilians, and extensive destruction, underscoring the urgent need for the full implementation of agreed measures aimed at protecting civilians, facilitating humanitarian relief, and advancing recovery and reconstruction. We have witnessed a systemic dehumanization and demonization demonization of an entire people. Time is running out, and the cost of continued inaction is becoming increasingly difficult to reverse. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [47:28]: I thank His Excellency Mr. Nanda for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Malaysia. Malaysia [47:38]: Mr. President, Malaysia thanks Greece for convening this quarterly open debate. The situation across the occupied Palestinian territory continues to deteriorate. In the Gaza Strip, the ceasefire remains fragile, humanitarian needs remain dire, and an estimated 1.9 million of Gaza's 2.1 million people remain displaced, many of them repeatedly. Continued Israeli strikes, restrictions on humanitarian access, and the extensive destruction of civilian infrastructure impede the delivery of life-saving assistance. According to OCHA, as at 30th September 2026, more than 1,400 Palestinians have been reported killed and over 5,000 injured since the ceasefire was announced in October 2025. Israel must end the killings and ensure safe, unhindered, and sustained humanitarian access. Palestinians must have adequate access to food, safe water, sanitation, shelter, and healthcare. Meeting these essential needs is becoming more urgent as winter approaches. Beyond Gaza, Israeli military operations, escalating settler violence, demolitions, and forced displacement continue to ravage Palestinian communities in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem. According to the Secretary-General's latest report, Israeli authorities approved nearly 4,570 settlement units in Area C of the West Bank and 3,515 in East Jerusalem between 13 June and 18 September 2026. Malaysia condemns the continued expansion of illegal Israeli settlements, including the E1 plan. These measures undermine the territorial contiguity of the occupied Palestinian territory and gravely jeopardise the viability of the two-state solution. All settlement activity must cease immediately and Security Council Resolution 2334 must be fully implemented. Mr. President, Militia reaffirms UNRWA's indispensable role in providing humanitarian assistance and essential services to Palestine refugees. This role is recognized in the International Court of Justice advisory opinion of 22nd October 2025 and General Assembly resolution 80/116 of 12 December 2025. Israel must be compelled to allow unimpeded humanitarian relief by UN entities, including UNRWA. It must protect humanitarian and medical personnel. It must respect the inviolability of UN premises and property, and uphold the privileges and immunities of the UN and its officials. Israel cannot invoke domestic legislation to evade these international obligations. Malaysia strongly condemns Israel's continued attacks against UNRWA personnel and facilities, and its deliberate obstruction of the Agency's operations. Malaysia commends the Agency's vital assistance to Palestine refugees across its fields of operation, including Jordan, Lebanon and the Syrian Arab Republic. the right of Palestine refugees to return safely and with dignity to their homes is guaranteed under international law and forms an integral part of a just and lasting solution to the question of Palestine Malaysia remains steadfast in its support for the inherent and inalienable rights of the Palestinian people including their right to self-determination right of return and right to statehood in September 2025 Malaysia joined an overwhelming majority of member states in endorsing the New York Declaration affirming these rights. This commitment must be carried forward through concrete political measures that secure a credible and irreversible path to Palestinian statehood. We also reiterate our unwavering and principled support for an independent and sovereign State of Palestine, based on the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital. We remain committed to supporting the State of Palestine's admission as full member of the United Nations. Mr. President, to conclude, accountability for Israel's unlawful actions against the Palestinian people must remain a priority. Continued impunity has enabled Israel's persistent violations of international law. This Council must act decisively and consistently to uphold the United Nations Charter and hold those responsible accountable. All relevant resolutions must be implemented in full, without selectivity or double standards. Thank you. Greece · President [52:16]: I thank the representative of Malaysia for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Cuba. Cuba [52:26]: Thank you, Mr. President. We support the statements delivered by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and by Namibia in its capacity as vice-chair of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. Despite the numerous debates and resolutions of the United Nations Security Council and General Assembly on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question, Israel, with the complicit support of the United States, continues its genocide against the Palestinian people, in flagrant violation of the Charter of the United Nations and international law. Israel continues its disproportionate and sustained use of force, the use of starvation as a method of warfare, the deliberate destruction of civilian infrastructure indispensable to the survival of the population, and the obstruction of humanitarian assistance. Taking advantage of its complete impunity, Israel has violated the purported ceasefire reached in 2025 and the signing of the first phase of the Gaza peace agreement and has escalated its illegal colonial policies and practices to unprecedented levels. It has seized territories beyond the yellow demarcation line to the point of controlling 70% of the Gaza Strip and has announced the construction of at least 1,230 housing units for settlers in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, where an increase in terrorist attacks perpetrated by settlers and in the forced displacement of Palestinians has been reported compared with 2025. It will not be possible to achieve lasting peace in the Middle East without a comprehensive, just and durable solution to the question of Palestine that allows the Palestinian people to exercise their inalienable rights to an independent and sovereign state within the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, and that guarantees the right of return of refugees. We reiterate our call for the admission of Palestine as a full member state of the United Nations without further delay. We also support the mandate granted by the General Assembly to UNRWA. We reject any attempt to weaken, delegitimize, or bring an end to its work. Mr. President, we condemn Israel's attacks in southern Lebanon. These actions flagrantly violate international law and international humanitarian law against a sovereign state. We call for an end to the aggression against Lebanese territory and for respect for its sovereignty and territorial integrity. We also call for the complete and unconditional withdrawal of Israel from the Syrian Golan and from all occupied Arab territories. This would contribute to peace and stability in the Middle East. The situation in the Middle East deteriorated as a result of United States military attacks against the Islamic Republic of Iran, which plunged the region into a dangerous escalation of tensions. We strongly condemn the use of force, which constitutes a flagrant violation of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and of international law. We unequivocally reaffirm the principle of respect for the national sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations in the region, including the Arab Gulf States. We renew our call to preserve the principles of good neighborliness, restraint and dialogue among the countries of the region in these difficult circumstances. Mr. President, The dangerous escalation in the Middle East confirms that coercion and the aberrant doctrine of "peace through strength" exacerbate conflicts and inflict greater suffering on peoples. Latin America and the Caribbean are not exempt from the consequences of these policies of domination. The United States Government and its corollaries to the Monroe Doctrine systematically threaten the region's status as a zone of peace. The multidimensional aggression currently being applied against Cuba without any justification constitutes a serious threat to international peace and security. Cuba poses no threat whatsoever to the United States or to any other country. Nevertheless, the United States government has used this fallacy to reinforce to extreme levels the blockade imposed against our country for nearly seven decades. together with a severe energy siege that, because of its effects, amounts to a naval blockade, classified under international law as an act of war. The energy siege is combined with other coercive measures of a marked extraterritorial nature, and with the permanent threat of military aggression. This is a policy of strangulation that constitutes collective punishment against the Cuban people, in flagrant violation of international law. The consequences of military aggression against Cuba would extend beyond our borders and affect the peace, stability, and security of the entire hemisphere. Once again, we reiterate here in this room, the Cuban people will never cease in their determination to defend in the strongest and most resolute manner their independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and their right to self-determination. Thank you. Greece · President [57:47]: I thank the representative of Cuba for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Norway. Norway [57:55]: Thank you, President, and good afternoon, colleagues. The situation in Palestine is precarious. One year after the ceasefire in Gaza, the promise of a credible path forward remains unfulfilled. Civilians continue to bear the consequences of stalled implementation of Security Council Resolution 2803. Norway calls on all parties to fulfill their commitments. Israel has an obligation to ensure that humanitarian assistance is allowed to reach the people in need, rapidly and without obstruction. Humanitarian assistance, the UN Horizon Fund, and the World Bank's Palestinian Fund for Reconstruction and Development are three pillars of the international response to Gaza, which should be supported immediately. President, settlement expansion continues at an alarming pace. The advancement of plans and tenders in the E1 area is particularly grave. Norway reiterates that settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory constitute a violation of international law. The number of Palestinian homes demolished is also at a record high. We call on Israel to immediately cease all settlement activity in line with Security Council Resolution 2334. and to reverse steps that entrench the occupation and risk de facto annexation. We cannot turn a blind eye to the unprecedented levels of settler violence in Palestine. Too often, these attacks occur without effective intervention or accountability. Israel has an obligation to protect the Palestinian civilian population. prevent such attacks, investigate them promptly and impartially, and hold perpetrators accountable. We must distinguish between the state of Israel and occupied Palestinian territory. Together with others, Norway intends to introduce national restrictions on trade with settlements that are illegal under international law. More countries should join us. If the foundation for the two-state solution disappear, the likely alternative is the indefinite continuation of occupation and conflict within an increasingly fragmented territory, accompanied by recurring violence, displacement, discrimination and radicalisation, with further insecurity for Palestinians and Israelis alike. Such a trajectory would have consequences far beyond Palestine and Israel. We need decisive action, and the New York Declaration from last year should continue to give direction. Budget support is essential for the survival and strengthening of the Palestinian institutions and public sector structures in the whole of Palestine. The Palestinian banking sector is vital for the reconstruction of Gaza. Mobilising the substantial resources required for Gaza's reconstruction will be considerably more difficult if donors must also continue to provide emergency financing simply to keep the PA afloat. It is regrettable that the elections in Palestine have been postponed. Although conditions for holding elections are extremely challenging, we encourage early elections, broad political participation, and full facilitation by Israel in accordance with its obligations. Norway will continue to support the national Palestinian institutions. And, President, our objective remains clear: a unified and independent Palestinian state with Israelis and Palestinians living side by side in peace and security within recognized border and on the basis of international law. The Council must act with unity and determination to preserve that possibility before it is lost. And I thank you. Greece · President [1:02:25]: I thank the representative of Norway for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Japan. Japan [1:02:34]: Thank you, Mr. President. I also thank Mr. Al-Kabir for their briefings. Mr. President, amid our broader discussions today on the Middle. East, Japan urges an early de-escalation and stabilization of the situation and diplomatic resolution, particularly concerning Iran. At the same time, we feel compelled to first address the currently unfolding threats posed by the Houthis. Japan strongly denounces the Houthis' continued destabilization actions, notably the recent attacks targeting airports and other civilian facilities in Saudi Arabia. Free and safe navigation through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, the Red Sea, and the Strait of Hormuz is essential for global energy security and economy. Disruptions to navigation through Hormuz have already had significant economic effects that are being felt worldwide. As Japanese Foreign Minister Motegi. Reaffirmed at the ministerial meeting on maritime cooperation on 23 September, vessels must not face additional costs for transiting the Strait of Hormuz. Its future must be discussed by the international community as a whole, including coastal and user states and the IMO. Against this volatile regional background and turning to the situation surrounding Gaza and the West Bank, Japan unequivocally condemns the horrific terror attacks by Hamas and other against Israel on October 7, 2023. Regarding Gaza, All parties must fully implement the comprehensive plan and Security Council Resolution 2803. Hamas must decommission their weapons, Israel must withdraw its forces, and unhindered humanitarian access must be ensured. Early recovery and reconstruction must also advance. As for the West Bank, Japan is deeply concerned about the expanding settlements, including the EI plan and settler violence. We call on Israel to immediately cease its unilateral actions and completely freeze its settlement activities, which are in violation of international law. Regarding other regional issues in Lebanon, UNIFIL's withdrawal must be carefully coordinated to avoid a security vacuum, alongside full implementation of Resolution 1701. Japan will continue to work for just, lasting, and comprehensive peace across the Middle East. I thank you. Greece · President [1:05:27]: I thank the representative of Japan for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Mexico. Mexico [1:05:41]: Mr. President, the volatility in the Middle East on multiple fronts continues to be a constant source of concern. Mexico is taking the floor from a conviction deeply rooted in our constitutional principles, namely peace requires respect for sovereignty, non-intervention, the legal equality of states, the self-determination of peoples, human rights, and the peaceful settlement of disputes. The prohibition of the threat or the use of force admits no exceptions or selective interpretations. With regard to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, three years have passed since the atrocious attacks of Hamas of the 7th of October against the Israeli civilian population and the taking of hostages. acts that Mexico condemned from the very first moment. While we welcome the ceasefire reached in October 2025, we regret that more than 1,400 Palestinians have lost their lives since then, according to reports of OCHA, the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. A ceasefire in which fatalities, attacks, and restrictions on humanitarian assistance continue to occur can hardly be described as such. In light of these developments, Mexico calls for a return to the peace narratives advanced by Israeli and Palestinian activists. The true divide is between those who believe in peace and those who do not. Let us build a shared vision and common values of equality and dignity as set forth in the New York Declaration. There is no place for promoting hate speech, especially not when the Israeli and Palestinian peoples deserve a peaceful future and coexistence. Likewise, Mexico expresses its concern regarding the continued authorization of illegal settlements in the E1 area. the consolidation of which would have serious consequences for the territorial continuity of the West Bank, and which, it bears recalling, is clearly contrary to Security Council Resolution 2334. We acknowledge some progress that has been achieved, although limited, as well as the roadmap presented by the High Representative for Gaza. Its full implementation is imperative, as is the application of the provisions of the second phase of the peace process in accordance with international law, moving toward a comprehensive and definitive solution based on the solution of two states. one that addresses Israel's security concerns and which, at the same time, allows for the establishment of a politically and economically viable Palestinian state with secure and internationally recognized borders in accordance with United Nations resolutions. During the high-level week of the General Assembly, dozens of leaders voiced their support for the two-state solution. This broad support reminds us that the international community shares responsibility for assisting in diplomatic efforts aimed at achieving the self-determination of the Palestinian people. We must repeat it. The two-state solution for Palestine is the only fundamental response to a historical and humanitarian tragedy that has accompanied us now for 77 years. With regard to Lebanon, Mexico welcomes the trilateral framework, and we call for the full implementation of resolution 1701, together with the imperative of complying with the ceasefire and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanese territory. With regard to the anticipated withdrawal of the UN force in Lebanon, UNIFIL, beginning on December 31, 2026, this must be carried out gradually and in an orderly fashion to avoid creating security vacuums or dynamics of confrontation. Furthermore, we cannot fail to point out that the freedom of navigation continues to be threatened, whether by Houthi attacks in the Red Sea or by disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz, with both humanitarian and economic consequences. The regional escalation and its immediate repercussions for the Gulf countries make it particularly urgent to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states and the prohibition of the threat or the use of force. Attacks against civil aviation infrastructure, such as those that took place this past weekend, have no justification whatsoever. It is essential that this Council promote the resumption of dialogue among the parties and that it help reduce tensions threatening international maritime and air routes. Mr. President, peace in the Middle East requires an end to violence, the primacy of international law, and the protection of the conditions necessary for peoples to be able to rebuild their lives. The Middle East needs us to persevere in efforts aimed at creating the conditions necessary to achieving a lasting peace, with rigorous respect for the principles established in the Charter of the United Nations. Thank you very much. Greece · President [1:13:59]: I thank the representative of Mexico for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Australia. Australia [1:14:07]: Thank you, President. Last week, we marked three years since Hamas's October 7 terrorist attack. Australia condemns Hamas unequivocally, and we mourn all the lives that were lost, including Australian Galit Karbone. We reaffirm that Hamas must be disarmed and play no role in the governance of Palestine. Last October, Australia welcomed the Gaza peace plan and this council's adoption of Resolution 2803, which offered a viable pathway to peace. One year on, progress remains challenging. The humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza has gone beyond our worst fears. Constrained humanitarian access continues to limit food deliveries, medical supplies, and essential assistance. We join partners in calling on Israel to comply with the binding orders of the International Court of Justice to ensure the unhindered provision of humanitarian assistance at scale. International humanitarian law must be upheld, and humanitarian organisations must be able to operate. Attacks that threaten the safety and security of aid workers must cease. The Declaration of the Protection of Humanitarian Personnel calls for safe access and protection for aid workers everywhere, and for stronger accountability for incidents that affect them. That is a shared commitment by Australia and over 130 states, more than two-thirds of the United Nations. Since October 2023, Australia has committed more than $100 million in humanitarian assistance for conflict-affected civilians in Gaza, and we've recently announced a further $25 million to support recovery in Gaza and to strengthen institutional foundations in Palestine. Strong, accountable and effective Palestinian institutions will be critical to future recovery efforts, regional stability and long-term prospects for peace. Against that backdrop, President Abbas's decision to postpone the Palestinian Legislative Council election is deeply disappointing. Continuing to delay elections undermines the prospects of the two-state solution. We call on the Palestinian Authority to ensure elections take place without delay. President, Israeli settlements are expanding at an unprecedented rate, creating further obstacles to the two-state solution. These settlements constitute a violation of international law, and this council has reaffirmed that the settlement enterprise is perpetuated by settler violence and a network of enabling organizations. Israel must hold perpetrators of settler violence to account and cease its illegal settlement activity. Instead, Israel is progressing the E1 settlement while withholding Palestinian revenue. These actions fuel violence and instability and undermine the viability of the Palestinian state. The situation across the region also remains precarious. We want to see parties work collectively towards de-escalation, the full reopening of the Strait of Hormuz and other straits, and an end to conflict. Australia expresses its full solidarity with Saudi Arabia, and we join the Secretary-General in condemning Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia, including on civilians and civilian infrastructure. We have also seen Houthi actions leading to serious deterioration in the humanitarian situation in Yemen. The Houthis' continued detention of humanitarian personnel remains unacceptable, and Australia calls for their immediate and unconditional release. President, Australia is under no illusions that the work ahead will be complex and difficult, but we must all contribute to securing long-term peace and security across the Middle East. I thank you. Greece · President [1:17:53]: I thank the representative of Australia for the statement. I now give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Stavros Labrinidis, Head of the European Union Delegation to the United Nations. EU · EU · Head of Delegation [1:18:08]: Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to speak on behalf of the European Union and its member states. The candidate countries Montenegro, Albania, Ukraine, the Republic of Moldova, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as Andorra and San Marino, align themselves with this statement. The full statement is available online. The European Union welcomes ongoing diplomatic efforts between the U.S. and Iran and commends the role of regional partners in this regard. We encourage all parties to engage constructively in negotiations and to refrain from renewed hostilities and actions that could undermine these efforts. A sustainable resolution to all outstanding issues with Iran can only be achieved through negotiations. The EU stands ready to support future negotiations. On freedom of navigation, the EU's position is clear. Freedom of navigation and safe transit passage through the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea must be preserved in accordance with international law. Any arrangements concerning the Strait should respect UNCLOS and ensure maritime security. This means that any arrangement must include the full reopening of the Strait of Hormuz without tolls, service fees, discriminations, or any limitation that would hinder the right of transit passage, as stressed by the European Union and its Member States and other countries on 12 October in the No Tolls, No Fees pledge. The EU strongly condemns the attack against Riyadh's airport and calls on the Houthis to immediately end all attacks inside and outside Yemen, including attacks against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and commercial shipping in the Red Sea. The EU reiterates our support to the Government of Yemen and to the efforts of the United Nations Special Envoy for Yemen and our commitment to working towards lasting peace and prosperity for the Yemeni people. The EU is fully engaged and will continue to play its distinct part. Our defensive operation ASPYDUS remains in the region to protect maritime shipping, and restore maritime security in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. We wish to take this opportunity to honour the victims of the October 7 terrorist attacks across Israel. The EU stands with the survivors and the families who still carry the heavy weight of grief. Colleagues, at UNGA 81 High-Level Week, close to 100 countries responded to the invitation of the European Union, Norway, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to attend the Global Alliance meeting and to reaffirm a collective commitment to protect and advance the two-state solution, in line with the New York Declaration that provides a political framework to guide these efforts. International support for the two-state solution has rarely been stronger, while realities on the ground have rarely been less conducive to it. The joint statement issued by the co-chairs of the Global Alliance highlights the importance of translating this broad support into coordinated efforts towards just and lasting peace based on two states, the recovery and reconstruction of Gaza, and Israel's security. A credible pathway to Palestinian statehood is a crucial component of the political process. We express concern about the insufficient implementation of the ceasefire and the lack of progress by all actors in the implementation of the other provisions of Security Council Resolutions 2803, and we call on all parties to fully implement them. We call for the permanent disarmament of Hamas and other non-state armed groups, and the full withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Gaza Strip. The EU stands ready to contribute to implementation of the peace plan, including through EU BAM Rafah and EU POL COPs, and to support early recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, including through concrete projects under the Team Gaza initiative. The European Union also reaffirms its strong support for the Palestinian Authority, including its necessary reform agenda, financial sustainability, and governance capacity, so that it can securely take back effective control of Gaza. We call again on Israel to urgently release all withheld clearance revenues and extend the correspondent banking services between Israel and Palestinian banks. The EU deeply regrets the decision by the Palestinian Authority to postpone the legislative elections as well as the presidential election. Elections are essential to strengthen Palestinian institutions, advance self-determination, and reinforce the legitimacy of the Palestinian authorities as a partner for peace. As the EU's High Representative has announced, the EU is ready to support the electoral process, including by deployment of an election observation mission. Colleagues, we are deeply alarmed by the deteriorating situation in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Israeli military operations, settler violence, demolitions and movement restrictions are increasing humanitarian needs and undermining livelihoods and access to services. The EU urges the government of Israel to reverse the expansion of the settlements, including in the E1 area, as well as to ensure the preservation of the respect for the status quo of Jerusalem's holy sites. Settlement expansion, demolitions, evictions, and settler violence continue to undermine the viability of a two-state solution, and they must stop. The European Union also remains gravely concerned by the catastrophic humanitarian situation in Gaza. With nearly 90% of Gaza's population displaced, urgent winterization and shelter support is needed for 1.9 million people to protect them through winter and sustain access to essential health care. For the fourth consecutive year, children in Gaza are starting the school year without a functioning formal education system. The European Union calls on Israel to allow immediate and impeded access and sustained distribution of humanitarian assistance at scale into and throughout Gaza, including via the Cyprus maritime corridor, to supplement land routes and to enable the UN and its agencies, including UNRWA and humanitarian organizations, to work independently and impartially to save lives and reduce sufferings. It also calls on Israel to reopen Gaza border crossings as well as the medical corridor between Gaza and the West Bank, allow access to international media, and reverse its decisions regarding the NGO law. The EU reaffirms its unwavering support for the international criminal justice system, particularly to the International Criminal Court, as well as its commitment to upholding the Rome Statute and preserving the ICC's independence and integrity. Dear colleagues, briefly on Syria. The European Union remains a committed partner to the Syrian transition, as EU High Representative Kaya Kallas stressed during her recent visit to the country. A peaceful and inclusive process ensuring the participation of all Syrians without distinction and upholding their human rights without discrimination on any ground remains key for its success. The EU is advancing a support to institution building, security sector reform, rule of law and transition justice, as well as to key economic sectors for Syria's recovery. while continuing providing humanitarian assistance to people in need. We also continue cooperating closely with Syrian civil society, recognizing that both civil society and women play a central role in the success of these efforts. Finally, dear colleagues, on Lebanon. The recent visit of the EU High Representative Kallas underscored the EU's steadfast support to the country and its people. Our engagement has been broad, from economic and institutional support to humanitarian assistance and security. And we stand ready to continue this support in the current phase. The newly established EU Support Mission in Lebanon will build on the EU's longstanding partnership with Lebanon, providing training and capacity building to the Lebanese Armed Forces and Internal Security Forces. The EU welcomes the trilateral framework agreement supports its full implementation, and urges all actors to prevent future civilian casualties and displacement. The EU calls on Israel to respect Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity and to withdraw its forces from Lebanon. The EU also calls for the full disarmament of Hezbollah. We stress the importance of full respect for UN Security Council Resolution 1701, on which any lasting solution must be based, and of ensuring that there is no security vacuum in the south following the end of UNIFIL's mandate. We recall the importance of a continued UN presence in Lebanon in a post-UNIFIL context, and we reaffirm the EU's readiness to contribute in this regard. Thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [1:27:25]: I thank His Excellency, Mr. Labrinidis, for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Ireland. Ireland [1:27:34]: Thank you, President. Ireland aligns with the statement of the European Union, and we thank Greece for convening this meeting. President, the humanitarian situation in Gaza continues to be characterised by arbitrary constraints on flow of aid as a result of Israeli-imposed dual-use restrictions. This is compounding a deepening health and food security crisis. As winter approaches, these restrictions are severely impeding preparations for winterisation. Immediate scale-up of humanitarian aid is urgently needed. with more than half of Gaza's displaced population located in medium or high flood risk areas. Ireland strongly condemns the Israeli authorities' continued actions against UNRWA, including the unlawful entry and demolition of property at the Qalandia training centre in East Jerusalem. The UN and its agencies, including UNRWA, must be facilitated in full to carry out their life-saving work throughout Palestine. President, three years on from the horrific Hamas-led attacks of 7th of October and the devastating conflict which followed, we must see genuine political progress. And one year on from the 3rd of October 2025 ceasefire, implementation of the comprehensive peace plan is almost entirely stalled. Ireland calls on all parties to uphold their commitments in full and to deliver on the meaningful political engagement that is now required. President, Ireland strongly condemns the relentless expansion of Israeli settlements and rampant settler violence in the West Bank. The proposed E1 settlement plan threatens the viability of an independent, sovereign and contiguous Palestinian state. Ireland is clear that businesses should not consider bidding for construction tenders relating to settlements and should be aware of legal and reputational consequences including the risk of involving themselves in serious breaches of international law. President, in September, Ireland's legislation entitled Israeli Settlements and the Occupied Palestinian Territory Prohibition of Importation of Goods Act 2026 was commenced. This piece of legislation prohibits the importation of goods from Israeli settlements and positively contributes towards Ireland's compliance with its international legal obligations as identified in the 2024 ICJ advisory opinion. Ireland regrets the decision to postpone Palestinian legislative and presidential elections to September 2027. Notwithstanding the external challenges facing the Palestinian Authority, we reiterate the importance of organising legislative and presidential elections as soon as possible, in line with President Abbas's previous commitments. And we reiterate our call on Israel to refrain from actions that could impede the conduct of elections across all of the Palestinian territory, including in East Jerusalem. President, the overall situation in Lebanon remains fragile amid continuing Israeli military action. All sides have an obligation to maintain the ceasefire and abide by UN Security Council Resolution 1701. Ireland strongly supports the recent approval of the new EU mission in Lebanon which will support Lebanon's authorities in strengthening territorial control, border security and internal security capabilities. In relation to Syria, we welcome the continued progress in their transition and note that challenges remain. International actors must continue to support Syria's efforts and underscore the importance of an inclusive transition. Finally, Ireland also remains concerned at attacks by Iran and Iran-backed groups against neighbouring states, including recent Houthi attacks on civilian infrastructure in Saudi Arabia. Such actions undermine regional security and risk further escalation. Ireland calls on all parties to uphold international law, including the protection of civilians and civilian infrastructure. Thank you. Greece · President [1:31:40]: thank the representative of Ireland for the statement I now give the floor to the representative of Spain Spain [1:31:50]: Mr President Spain aligns itself with the statement delivered by the European Union in our national capacity we are deeply concerned by the serious deterioration of the regional situation allow me to begin by expressing the Spanish government's unequivocal condemnation of the brutal houthi attack against the international airport of the capital of Saudi Arabia and express our condolences to the families of the victims. We reaffirm our full solidarity with Saudi Arabia, with the internationally recognised Government of Yemen, with the Gulf States, and with all countries and peoples unfairly affected by the war in the region. And we reiterate the importance of full respect by all parties for international law, including international humanitarian law and the UN Charter. We condemn all attacks carried out by the Houthis and urge them to comply with Security Council Resolutions 2216 of 2015 and 27/22 of 2024, and we draw attention to the unacceptable situation of UN personnel taken hostage by the Houthis, some of whom face death sentences, and we call for their immediate and unconditional release. With regard to the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz, we call for respect for the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and for safeguarding maritime security. All littoral states have obligations to preserve freedom of navigation and safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea in accordance with international law, without any interference, discrimination, or unilateral measures that would hinder free transit. Mr. President. In this context of growing uncertainty and violence, we wish to recall the centrality of Palestine and the need to advance towards a lasting peace based on the implementation of the two-state solution, as reflected in the New York Declaration and firmly supported by a strong international consensus reaffirmed at the most recent session of the General Assembly of the United Nations. However, we witness every day how the actions of the Government of Israel in Gaza and the West Bank undermine the two-state solution. Regarding Gaza, Spain once again urges this Council to implement resolution 2803 and to act with the utmost urgency to put an end to the violence and respond to the unbearable humanitarian disaster affecting more than 2 million inhabitants of Gaza. Severe restrictions on the entry of aid, fuel and essential supplies persist, and nearly 90% of water and sanitation infrastructure remains destroyed. We reiterate our call on the Government of Israel to allow the large-scale entry of humanitarian assistance and to ensure the work of United Nations agencies, including UNRWA, an irreplaceable agency in its support for Palestine refugees, and was recognized at the ministerial conference in support of the agency, co-chaired by Spain on the margins of High-Level Week. Regarding the West Bank, we condemn settler violence, which is indiscriminate and enjoys impunity in a year of unprecedented violence since records began. We also condemn the policy of accelerated settlement expansion promoted by the government of Israel, including the unacceptable decision to publish tenders for the E1 settlement project. We demand proper accountability for these violations, which threaten the viability of the State of Palestine and the prospects for peace in the region. undermining international law and the resolutions of the Security Council. We reiterate, therefore, the importance of preserving and respecting the status quo of Jerusalem and its unique and multi-religious character. The fight against impunity for violations of international law is a priority for Spain. We reaffirm our strong commitment to the International Criminal Court, defending its independence, impartiality and integrity. We also call for respect for the decisions of the International Court of Justice. Spain will continue to promote the leading role of the Palestinian Authority in implementing the two-state solution, supporting its participation in the governance of Gaza and the unity of government throughout Palestine, including East Jerusalem, and calling for the prompt holding of Palestinian legislative and presidential elections that will renew the legitimacy of its institutions. With regard to Lebanon, we recognize and support the courageous decisions of the Lebanese Government in defense of full respect for national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and we reiterate our commitment to the full implementation of Security Council resolution 1701. Spain reiterates its firm support for Lebanon's institutions and people. We will continue to support all efforts to advance towards lasting stability with full backing for the strengthening of the Lebanese Armed Forces and the internal security forces, both bilaterally and together with our European partners. In this regard, we welcome the recent approval of the EU Mission in Lebanon, EUSM-Lebanon, which will contribute to consolidating these forces' control over the entirety of Lebanese territory. We reaffirm our unwavering support for the work of UNIFIL. Spain is prepared to discuss possible options for continuing its mandate and will continue working to build consensus around the proposals of the UN Secretary-General. As the mission comes to an end, we have a responsibility to ensure the continuity of an international presence in order to avoid a power vacuum in the south. Finally, Regarding Syria, we recognize the challenges facing the current government and the Syrian people, rebuilding and consolidating legitimate and democratic institutions, addressing a deep humanitarian crisis marked by millions of displaced persons and refugees, and key security threats, including the occupation of part of its territory by Israel. We support a peaceful and inclusive political transition process that guarantees full respect for Syria's independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. We recognize the importance of accountability in this process and, therefore, encourage continued cooperation between the Syrian Transitional Government and all United Nations bodies, including the Commission of Inquiry, the International Impartial and Independent Mechanism, and the Independent Institution on Missing Persons, all of which Spain supports. Thank you very much. Greece · President [1:37:46]: I thank the representative of Spain for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of New Zealand. New Zealand [1:37:55]: President, across the Middle East, conflict and insecurity threaten peace, prosperity and development. Beyond the region, the impacts of instability are felt through threats to critical maritime trade routes and global energy security, growing nuclear proliferation risks, and the spread of violent extremism. These impacts reinforce that stability in the Middle East matters to us all. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains one of the key drivers of regional tension and instability. As long as it remains unresolved, prospects for a more stable, secure and prosperous Middle East will remain constrained. One year ago, New Zealand joined much of the international community in welcoming the peace plan for Gaza. New Zealand is concerned about lack of progress on this plan. Gaza remains devastated by conflict, and reconstruction has yet to begin in earnest. Key commitments necessary for the plan's success, including security arrangements and governance transition, remain unfulfilled. We call on all parties to meet their commitments and to find the political will to move the peace plan forward. President, developments in the West Bank are also concerning. Settler violence is increasing, while Israel's administrative control is expanding. New Zealand has consistently opposed the establishment of Israeli settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories, and has long held the view that the settlements are illegal under international law. We reiterate our call for Israel to fulfil its obligations to ensure the unimpeded flow of Palestinian tax revenue. a functional and legitimate Palestinian Authority is vital. In that regard, we are disappointed by the Palestinian Authority's decision to defer elections. We urge the Palestinian Authority to hold elections as soon as possible. President, whether in the Gaza or the West Bank, New Zealand recognises Israel has legitimate security concerns. But Israel's security will not be served by continuing policies that perpetuate destruction and instability on its borders. Left unresolved, this conflict will continue to fuel tension, polarization, and instability. Only a political settlement based on a two-state solution that provides security and stability to both Israelis and Palestinians can deliver a sustainable peace. Today, New Zealand once again strongly urges progress towards that important goal. Thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [1:40:50]: I thank the representative of New Zealand for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Morocco. Morocco [1:41:01]: Thank you, Mr. President. Allow me to thank the Republic of Greece for organizing and presiding over this important session to discuss the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question. I commend your efforts as President of the Council this month. Mr. President, in line with the commitment of His Majesty King Mohammed VI, the Chair of Al-Quds Committee, and consistent with his concern over the situation in the Palestinian territories, He renews his call to mobilize the international community to extricate the Middle East from these crises. In his letter on the 21st of November 2025 to the chair of the Committee of the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People, he stated the following: "The Kingdom of Morocco is fully committed to defending the Palestinian question and to contribute effectively and constructively to reaching a settlement, as it is a cornerstone of stability and peace in the Middle East." End of quote. In this regard, the Kingdom of Morocco welcomes the announcement by Mr. Donald Trump, the U.S. President, the initiation of the second phase of the ceasefire that was reached beginning of 2026. We appreciate the tireless efforts by His Excellency and his personal engagement in diplomatic efforts that led to positive developments, which are cause for hope in reaching a just peace in the region. We also value continued efforts by a number of mediators. We call upon all parties to fully implement the agreement to ensure the consolidation of ceasefire and the delivery of humanitarian aid to Gaza promptly and without any hindrances. Reconstruction and recovery efforts must start in order to respond to the urgent needs of the Palestinian people and to open serious horizons to reach a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace. The Kingdom of Morocco reiterates the importance of stopping expansion activities, annexation plan, and storming the Al-Aqsa Mosque. Mr. President, the Kingdom of Morocco, under the leadership of His Majesty the King, the chair of Al-Quds Committee, We reiterate our commitment to the two-state solution. This is the only way to a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace through the establishment of an independent, sovereign, and viable Palestinian state along the lines of the 4th of June 1967, with East Jerusalem as its capital, Gaza as part and parcel of Palestinian territories. The state of Palestine should be living side by side in peace and security with the state of Israel. We are fully committed to engage constructively in the various tracks and efforts that are agreed upon to ensure the implementation of the rights of the Palestinian people and to enhance the prospects of peace, security, and stability in the region. We appreciate efforts to reach peace in the Middle East. His Majesty the King, the chair of the Kuts Committee, accepted the invitation by His Excellency President Trump to for the Kingdom of Morocco to join the World of Peace as a founding member. This is an initiative that supports peace efforts in the Middle East, and it is a new approach to settle disputes at international levels. In the same context, we reiterate our readiness to contribute to stabilization efforts and reconstruction in Gaza. We, therefore, expressed readiness to train Palestinian police in Gaza and to deploy members of the Royal Moroccan Army to participate in the International Stabilization Force. We also are ready to establish a field hospital to provide urgent health care, and we're ready to launch a comprehensive program to combat hate speech and extremism. Mr. President, we are committed to defending holy sites, especially Al-Aqsa Mosque, which has a special place in the -- in Morocco, and especially for His Majesty the King. This is a commitment that we are also implementing through the Bait al-Mal Quds Agency. We must preserve the legal and historical status of Jerusalem and defend its identity and ensure the fulfillment of the aspirations of the Palestinian people and the establishment of an independent state along the lines of 4th of June 1967. In conclusion, we express our solidarity, unconditional solidarity with GCC countries and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. We condemn all attacks that target the sovereignty and territorial integrity of these countries. We fully defend any legitimate and support any judgment measures that these countries are taking to protect their security and stability and ensure the safety of the residents. The Kingdom of Morocco reiterates what His Majesty the King has said in two letters on the 26th of December 2026 to King Salman bin Abdulaziz and His Royal Highness Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. He stated in these letters that the security and stability of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is part of the security of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the same applies to the security of all GCC member states, and any attack against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is an attack on Morocco. His Majesty the King expressed his concern and his condemnation of repeated and horrific attacks launched by Houthi militias against economic critical and civilian infrastructures and residential areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, especially the attempts to target the holy sites in Medina and Mecca. This royal position proves the strong ties and solidarity between Morocco and our Arab brethren. We are committed to preserve the unity, territorial integrity, and sovereignty of states and rejecting any threats to the stability of the region. I thank you. Greece · President [1:47:59]: Thank you, representative of Morocco, for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of India. India [1:48:06]: Mr. President, India congratulates Greece on assuming the presidency of the Council and for convening today's open debate. I also thank the briefer for his insightful remarks. India has very high stakes in the safety, security, and stability of the Middle East. Our political, economic, investment, energy, and people-to-people relations with the region are extremely strong. With GCC countries alone, this amounts to $180 billion of annual trade, $31 billion of cumulative foreign direct investment, and more than $52 billion of remittances. Ten million Indians live in the GCC countries, contributing to the economies of these nations. Their safety, security, and well-being is a core interest and a vital part of our bilateral relationships. The escalation in hostilities in the region is deeply worrying. We call for restraint and de-escalation in what has developed into a principal challenge facing the international community today. We strongly condemn repeated attacks on civilian infrastructure, including Saudi airports in the past few days. which has led to the loss of precious lives, including that of an Indian citizen, Mr. Mohammed Yusuf Ali, in Riyadh. India stands in complete solidarity with the government and people of Saudi Arabia in defense of their sovereignty. Recent attacks against commercial shipping, such as on the India-flagged MVDP World Cauvery this week, on MT Petrodolphin and MT Valterra last week, and on MT On Peace and MT Kazima III the week before, are deeply concerning. All attacks are commercial shipping and merchant mariners are legally and morally indefensible. Several of these ships have Indian seafarers and their safety and security is our direct responsibility. We thank the Omani and the UAE authorities for valuable support in ensuring safety of Indian seafarers in these attacks. India reiterates the need for immediate de-escalation and the resolution of the conflict through dialogue and diplomacy. Attacks on commercial vessels, on seafarers and civilian infrastructure must cease. Freedom of navigation and the safe and unimpeded flow of maritime commerce through international waterways, in accordance with international law, must be upheld. The safety and security of seafarers remains a priority for Government of India and these recurring attacks risk further aggravation of a very volatile situation. Mr. President. To address this situation, India and Liberia have last month launched a group of friends on safety and security of shipping and seafarers on the sidelines of the just concluded UNGA high-level week. We thank the 23 member states who have joined us in this launch and stand ready to support more coordination to discourage recurrence of such attacks and to safeguard the rights of seafarers. At the BRICS Summit last month, Prime Minister Narendra Modi proposed establishing a Seafarers Emergency Support Network, which could connect the maritime authorities and embassies of the countries concerned and facilitate distress alerts, medical assistance, communication with families, and support for evacuation when needed. Nearly 2 million seafarers operate the world's merchant fleet, and maritime shipping accounts for four-fifths of global trade. This group of friends is an inclusive, voluntary and action-oriented platform aimed at deepening cooperation and fostering practical cooperation. On Yemen, India reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Yemen and rejection of any interference in its internal affairs. We strongly condemn attacks on maritime navigation and on seafarers, many of whom are Indian citizens. The protection of the Bab al-Mandab Strait and the southern Red Sea is a shared international responsibility and is a global interest. Mr. President, the global focus on this crisis impacting merchant shipping and the Strait of Hormuz must not divert our attention away from the dire humanitarian crisis in the Gaza Strip. Terrorism anywhere, of course, has no justification, and India had condemned the attacks of 7th October 2023 unequivocally. Civilians, including women and children, have borne the heaviest cost of the conflict since. India will continue to stand for humanitarian relief, dialogue and diplomacy, and a negotiated two-state solution. The international community must act in unison to prevent any further loss of civilian lives and destruction of civilian infrastructure. India strongly believes that a durable, lasting, and sustained peace requires a two-state solution, support for which is growing internationally. Last month, the leaders of BRICS reaffirmed their support for the state of Palestine's full membership in the UN at the New Delhi summit. In the meanwhile, India's approach has always combined political commitment with practical support. Our developmental assistance to Palestine includes budgetary support, livelihood and employment generation projects, including the National Printing Press and the India-Palestine Technopark, to name a few. During the current conflict, we have extended humanitarian assistance to the Palestinian people, which includes medicines, medical supplies, and other essential relief, as well as development projects, humanitarian assistance, and contributions to UNRWA. Our ongoing bilateral project commitments include the construction of a 200-bed super-specialty hospital, the Palestinian Institute of Diplomacy, a women empowerment center, an artificial limb fitment camp, and a vocational training institute. We also continue to support their capacity building and human resource development, both through our I-Tech program and ICCR scholarships. This August, another 32 Palestinian students, all from Gaza, joined their colleges in India under the ICCR scholarships that we offered. We must continue to fully support the ongoing efforts to the full implementation of UN Security Council resolutions, including UN Security Council Resolution 2803. India is a top emerging donor of UNRWA, with a cumulative contribution of more than $52 million, and we have given operational flexibility to the UN agency for utilizing our contributions. We believe that it has a distinct role in providing essential services, including education and healthcare, to the Palestinian people. Its services in multiple ways form the basis for India's support to UNRWA. Our endeavor has been to make a lasting impact on the lives of Palestinian people, and we continue to undertake human-centric projects towards this purpose. India believes that a sovereign, independent, and viable state of Palestine, living side by side in peace with Israel within secure and recognized borders, is essential to a comprehensive and lasting solution. Mr. President, the Blue Helmets serve in very challenging circumstances in Lebanon. UNIFIL peacekeepers serve the cause of international peace and security, and pursue UN Security Council mandates, and therefore must never become targets. India strongly condemns all attacks on UNIFIL peacekeepers. Their safety and security remains a high priority. The sanctity and inviolability of UN premises must be fully respected. We reiterate the importance of preparing for a post-UNIFIL scenario and supporting the Lebanese Armed Forces in this regard. We continue to underline the importance of a Syrian-led and a Syrian-owned political process in line with the UN Security Council Resolution 2254. Principles of sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic must remain our top priority. India supports steps in finding long-term solutions and is engaging with the Syrian leadership in this regard. Mr. President, the people of the Middle East need normalcy and lasting peace. India's peace is not just the absence of war. It is imperative to strengthen stability and security for the people of the region. India is committed to their well-being that would lead to a more secure, stable and prosperous world. All our actions will be derived from this approach. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [1:56:00]: I thank the representative of India for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Canada. Canada [1:56:08]: Thank you, Mr. President. Canada remains committed to a two-state solution, with Israel and a Palestinian state living side by side in peace, security and dignity. The continued expansion of illegal Israeli settlements and extremist settler violence in the West Bank undermine the viability of a Palestinian state. Canada condemns these actions and has imposed targeted sanctions in response. As announced on September 8, Canada is also taking steps to restrict trade in goods from settlements which are illegal under international law and constitute an obstacle to peace. These measures target the expansion of illegal settlements, not the state of Israel. In Gaza, despite the ceasefire agreed one year ago, the humanitarian situation remains catastrophic. Canada continues to provide significant humanitarian assistance to Palestinians and recently announced an additional $100 million in assistance for Palestine. Last week marked the third anniversary of Hamas' heinous October 7 attack against Israel. Canada reiterates that Hamas must disarm and can play no role in the future governance of Palestine. We have imposed targeted sanctions against Hamas and its affiliates. Canada welcomes the Gaza peace plan and the transitional governance arrangements established to support its implementation, with a view to the Palestinian Authority resuming its governance responsibilities as conditions permit. We continue to call on the Palestinian Authority to undertake necessary reforms and are deeply concerned by the postponement of legislative council elections. Elections are essential to Palestinian self-determination and should be held without further delay. Turning to Iran, Canada supports ongoing diplomatic efforts to end the conflict and reopen the Strait of Hormuz. Iran must never acquire a nuclear weapon and must fully meet its non-proliferation obligations. We also join our Gulf partners in condemning the reprehensible attacks by Iran against countries across the Gulf, including on civilian infrastructure. Canada is appalled by the human rights situation in Iran, including executions, arbitrary detention, restrictions on fundamental freedoms, and discrimination against women, girls, and religious and ethnic minorities. Canada remains concerned by the escalation of the situation in Yemen. We condemn the attacks targeting civilians, targeting civilian infrastructure, as well as those targeting Saudi Arabia. And we call upon all parties to cease hostilities, to respect international humanitarian law, and to guarantee freedom of navigation in the Red Sea and in the Strait of Bab el-Mandeb. Canada reaffirms our support for a Yemen that is united and sovereign, as well as for the peace efforts undertaken under the aegis of the United Nations. We also demand humanitarian access that is safe and unhindered to reach the affected populations, as well as to provide for the protection of civilians. Canada encourages Lebanon and Israel to build upon the implementation of the tripartite framework agreement as UNIFIL is nearing the culmination of its mandate. It remains necessary to sustain the necessary capacity for the implementation of Resolution 1701 and to maintain stability along the Blue Line. In light of the escalating conflict in the region and the security and economic repercussions, we remain committed to delivering support for diplomatic efforts for peace, security, and stability. Thank you. Greece · President [1:59:39]: I thank the representative of Canada for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Vietnam. Viet Nam [1:59:50]: Mr. President, I thank the Greek presidency for convening this debate to continue the decades-long discussion on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question. Allow me to start my statement today with a story that may seem a bit unrelated to the issue at hand. As part of a 500-day nationwide campaign in Vietnam to search, recover, and identify fallen soldiers, yesterday in Ho Chi Minh City, the remains of 731 Vietnamese martyrs were recovered and properly laid to rest. This helped bring, finally, closure to many families, to some mothers and fathers now in their late 90s. But it could in no way ease the pain they suffered, like the hundreds of thousands of other families, even half a century after the wars ended. Indeed, wars do not end when the guns fall silent. Every decision to resort to the use of force not only take lives today, but also leaves wounds that span generations and make the path towards reconciliation, healing, and rebuilding trust longer and more arduous. This was true in Vietnam, and this is true today in the Middle East. Mr. President, Vietnam remains deeply concerned about the situation in the Middle East, particularly the growing interconnectedness of crises across the region. We call for intensified diplomatic and mediation efforts to de-escalate tension. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states must be respected. Maritime safety and security and freedom of navigation must be ensured in accordance with international law, particularly the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. We call on all parties to exercise maximum restraint and strictly comply with international law, particularly international humanitarian law. Civilians, humanitarian personnel and critical civilian infrastructure must be protected in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions, including Resolution 2573. Safe, sustained and unhindered humanitarian assistance must be ensured. We call for the full implementation of the Council Resolution 2803 and the comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict. All parties must honor their commitments and work constructively to overcome the current impasse. Efforts to stabilize, govern, and reconstruct Gaza must respect the legitimate rights and aspirations of the Palestinian people and contribute to unified Palestinian governance. Lastly, Mr. President, Vietnam reaffirms its unwavering support for the legitimate and inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, including their right to self-determination, and for Palestine's full membership in the United Nations. We remain steadfast in supporting the two-state solution, with an independent and sovereign State of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, living side by side with Israel in peace and security, in accordance with international law and relevant UN resolutions. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:03:22]: I thank the representative of Vietnam for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the United Arab Emirates. United Arab Emirates [2:03:33]: Mr. President, at the outset, We express our deepest appreciation to Greece for its outstanding efforts during its distinguished presidency of the Council this month. I thank Mr. Ramiz Alakbarov for his valuable briefing. With regards to the developments on the Palestinian question, I wish to highlight the key requirements for the period ahead. The positive momentum generated by the Council's adoption of resolution 2803 one year ago must be built upon through concerted international efforts. These efforts should support the full implementation of President Donald Trump's comprehensive plan to end the conflict in Gaza and its accompanying roadmap. This includes enabling the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza to assume its responsibilities throughout the Strip, deploying an international stabilization force, disarming Hamas, and Israel's full withdrawal from Gaza. The UAE has engaged sincerely in supporting these efforts through its membership in both the Board of Peace and the Gaza Executive Board. As winter approaches, the UAE emphasizes the urgent need to ensure that essential humanitarian supplies are allowed to enter Gaza through all crossings, while ensuring the protection of humanitarian workers and facilitating the unimpeded delivery of aid to those in need, in line with international humanitarian law. 2. We stress the need to stop the dangerous Israeli escalation in the West Bank as well as its settlement activities, which are occurring alongside a rising settler violence and their terrorist attacks, and the ongoing violations and incursions in East Jerusalem and its holy sites. We underscore the importance of respecting the historic Hashemite custodianship over Muslim and Christian holy sites in Jerusalem and preserving the historic and legal status quo at the Al-Aqsa Mosque. We reiterate our categorical rejection of any practices or measures aimed at forcibly displacing the Palestinian people from their land. Three. We underscore the central importance of reunifying the Gaza Strip and the West Bank under one competent Palestinian authority capable of meeting the aspirations of the Palestinian people, exercising exclusive control over arms, and ensuring security, stability, and the rule of law. Mr. President, In the context of this open debate, the UAE reaffirms its support for the Lebanese government's efforts to extend its authority throughout its territory and ensure that arms are held exclusively by the state. These efforts are vital to safeguarding Lebanon's unity, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. We also call for the full implementation of Security Council Resolution 1701. We welcome the tripartite framework agreement reached between Lebanon and Israel brokered by the United States and hope that it consolidates sustainable security and stability. In keeping with our steadfast support for the brotherly Lebanese people and their aspirations for development, the UAE is strengthening bilateral cooperation across a range of sectors, including the exchange of government expertise and digital transformation. With regards to Syria, we condemn ongoing Israeli actions, including excavation and land leveling operations on Syrian territory. These are violations of international law and the 1974 disengagement agreement. We reiterate our rejection of any infringement upon Syria's sovereignty, security, and stability, including in the occupied Syrian Arab Golan. With respect to regional security, we strongly condemn the Houthis' repeated targeting of civilians and civilian infrastructure in the brotherly Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We express our full solidarity with the Kingdom and support all measures it takes to safeguard its security and stability. In conclusion, The current challenges facing our region call for a steadfast commitment to dialogue, moderation, peaceful solutions, de-escalation, respect for state sovereignty and good neighbourly relations, and adherence to international law and the UN Charter. These principles are essential to security, stability and prosperity across the region. Thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:09:00]: I thank the representative of the United Arab Emirates for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the Philippines. Philippines [2:09:10]: Thank you, Mr. President. We thank Greece for convening this open debate. The Philippines remains deeply concerned over developments in the Middle East, with hundreds of thousands of Filipinos living and working across the region. A year after the announcement of the ceasefire, the situation in Gaza remains a source of serious concern. We stress the importance of full implementation of relevant Security Council resolutions, including resolutions 2728 and 2803 and relevant General Assembly resolutions for a comprehensive ceasefire and provision of humanitarian assistance. The Philippines wishes to underscore the following. First, we call for a complete and permanent ceasefire in Gaza. It is essential in order to end the violence and create the conditions for meaningful diplomatic engagement. We express our deep concern over recent developments in the West Bank. We note with alarm the efforts of the Israeli government to advance the E1 settlement plan, as well as the continued rise of settler violence in the West Bank. Second, we stress the urgent need to sustain and expand humanitarian assistance to all those affected by the conflict, which must be delivered rapidly, safely, and without obstruction, in accordance with international humanitarian law. We reiterate our support to UNRWA and its critical role in delivering essential services, even under unprecedented political, financial, and operational challenges. Third, we reaffirm our consistent and principled support for the inalienable right of the Palestinian people to self-determination. We firmly believe that the two-state solution remains the only viable path to lasting and durable peace, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security. Fourth, we emphasize our support for Palestine's admission as a full member of the United Nations, consistent with the position expressed by the overwhelming majority of member states in the General Assembly. Mr. President, we are likewise deeply concerned that developments in the Middle East undermine ongoing efforts of mediation and diminish the prospects for peaceful resolution through dialogue. We call for the restoration of the safe, unimpeded, and continuous transit passage of vessels and aircraft in the Strait of Hormuz, as well as for all parties to ensure the safety of seafarers and ships in accordance with the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea. The continued conflicts in the Middle East and the energy and food crises that have resulted from them have in turn caused unprecedented humanitarian and financial burden on countries across the world. In this regard, and in conclusion, the Philippines will continue to support accelerated international and regional efforts and advocates for de-escalation, restraint, and the resumption of meaningful dialogue for peace. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:12:12]: I thank the representative of the Philippines for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Thailand. Thailand [2:12:21]: Thank you, Mr. President. Thailand, first of all, congratulates Greece on assuming the Council presidency this month. And thank you for convening this important debate. Thailand remains gravely concerned about the worsening situation in the Middle East. particularly the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza and the West Bank. The need to end the suffering and achieve peace has never been more urgent. In this regard, Thailand wishes to highlight three priorities. First, there's no alternative to a peaceful negotiated solution. We urge all parties to honor their commitments, respect the agreed terms, and work towards work together to move forward with the next phase of the comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict. Second, protecting civilians and civilian infrastructure must remain a top priority in line with international humanitarian law. Humanitarian assistance must reach those in need quickly, safely, and without obstruction. The letter also stresses the vital role of UNRWA in providing life-saving assistance and essential services to millions of Palestinian refugees. At the same time, we are concerned about rising tensions along key maritime routes, particularly the Strait of Hormuz. These tensions threaten global energy security and international trade. We therefore call for de-escalation and respect for freedom of navigation to keep maritime trade flowing and global supply chains stable. Third, Thailand firmly believes that the two-state solution remains the only viable pathway to lasting peace, with Israel and Palestine living side by side in peace and security. We must avoid any unilateral actions that undermine this goal, including the continued expansion of unlawful settlements in the West Bank. Mr. President, ultimately, what we need most are dialogue, de-escalation, and respect for international law. It is time to turn our collective commitment into meaningful progress towards a just, lasting, and comprehensive peace in the Middle East. Thank you for your kind attention. Greece · President [2:14:44]: I thank the representative of Thailand for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Tunisia. Tunisia [2:14:53]: Mr. President, we express our gratitude to Greece for convening this session and for conducting the Council's presidency. The ongoing genocide in Palestine and the explosive situation developing in the Middle East through escalating aggressions and conflicts across the entire region are all intrinsically linked to the international community's failure to restore the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people on all their territories. This highly threatening situation, which opposes the international legal order and the United Nations Charter, is against the interests of the international community and its members. Only a few individuals may consider it as one that serves their agendas. Mass killing of disarmed civilians to steal their lands and resources is a policy that cannot be successful. because the day always comes when those crimes are denounced, totally condemned, and when reparations are to be paid, one way or another, as this is well known inside this room. Since the announcement of the ceasefire in October 2025, 1,394 Palestinians have been killed. The total number of victims is above 73,900 after the genocide started. Mr. President, Tunisia's history and historical positions serving peace and security and human dignity worldwide compel us to continue to strongly condemn the genocide against Palestinians. Accordingly, Tunisia, which took the right lessons from colonialism and from the violence and humiliation that go with it, can only reaffirm its steadfast position in support of the Palestinian people and in favor of all efforts to call for stop all military actions in the region in order to build a prosperous peace in everyone's interest. Thank you. Greece · President [2:17:11]: I thank the representative of Tunisia for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Indonesia. Indonesia [2:17:22]: Thank you, Mr. President. I thank Greece for convening this meeting and Deputy Special Coordinator Dr. Alperov for his briefing this morning. A year has passed since this Council pledged its resolve to bring an end to the suffering in Gaza through Resolution 2803. Yet today, that promise remains unfulfilled. Israeli continued aggression has claimed the life of over 1,300 Palestinians since the start of the so-called ceasefire. Gaza's civilian infrastructure continues to lie in ruins. Humanitarian assistance continues to be restricted. What is happening in Gaza must not be detached from the situation in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Withheld tax revenues belonging to the Palestinian Authority, attack of UNRWA facilities, escalating settler violence, and the E1 settlement plan are not isolated incidents. They constitute a deliberate strategy to dismantle the viability of the two-state solution. What credibility remains in peace process if the territorial reality of Palestine is being eroded day by day? And I would like then to highlight three priorities. First, enforce immediate accountability against all illegal practices and violations. Blatant violations of international law must carry concrete consequences. Ending impunity requires real leverage. Measures restricting trades in settlements products show that accountability is not beyond reach, as a precedent for the Council and member states to act. Accountability must also protect those serving the cause of peace. In this vein, Indonesia continues to push for a thorough and transparent investigation into attacks to peacekeeping personnel, including those involving our UNIFIL peacekeepers earlier this year. Crimes against UN peacekeepers and personnel must never occur with impunity. Second, bridging humanitarian relief with early recovery. A ceasefire without recovery is merely a delay between tragedies. Israel must allow unhindered access for vital aid, fuel, and equipment needed to restore essential services. At the same time, rebuilding Gaza must not be held hostage by a distant political consensus. Early recovery must begin now. Above all, recovery must remain strictly Palestinian-led and Palestinian-owned, backed by UNRWA's indispensable mandate in delivering life-saving services and rebuilding communities. Third, mobilizing political momentum toward an independent Palestinian state and inclusive regional security architecture. Political recognition is not merely symbolic. Every new recognition of Palestine removes another brick from the wall of occupation. Let us turn the growing international recognition of the State of Palestine into momentum for action, while at the same time redoubling our support for Palestinian national unity and capacity to govern. Lasting stability also requires an inclusive and sustainable regional security architecture built on mutual trust, non-interference, and consensus-building, as envisioned in the New York Declarations. Mr. President, the choice before us is clear: Uphold international law, or witness its collapse. Indonesia remains unwavering in its support for the Palestinian people and their right to justice and peace. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:21:02]: I thank the representative of Indonesia for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Uganda. Uganda · NAM [2:21:11]: Thank you, Mr. President. I am honored to deliver this statement on behalf of the 121 member states of the Non-Aligned Movement, NAM. I congratulate Greece upon its accession to the presidency of the Security Council this month and express appreciation for granting NAM the opportunity to present its position on the question of Palestine. NAAM reaffirms its long-standing common and principled position on the question of Palestine and is deeply concerned about the implications of this historical injustice against the people of Palestine and most critically in the Gaza Strip, where the citizen population continues to suffer from the unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe inflicted on it by Israel, the occupying power. NAAM supports all prospects for a just solution to this historic injustice and for peace security in the region. The grave situation in Gaza has led to worsening humanitarian situation not only in Gaza but also throughout the rest of the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, with rising Israeli military raids, land confiscations, home demolitions, and rampant settlement expansion, forced displacement of entire Palestinian communities, widespread settler violence and terrorism, and the constant violations against the historic and legal status quo at the holy sites of Jerusalem. The Non-Aligned Movement rejects in the strongest terms the approval of discriminatory legislation imposing the death penalty against Palestinians and calls for its immediate reversal. Vietnam condemns in the strongest terms all of these illegal practices and all forms of violence, particularly Israeli military attacks and Israelis collective punishment against the Palestinian people as grave breaches of international killing and injury of more than 244,600 Palestinian citizens in Gaza, the majority of whom are children and women, as well as medical personnel, humanitarian workers and journalists. This is an indictment to the mandate of the UN Security Council. NAM demands an immediate and complete cessation of all forms of armed hostilities, violent repression, and illegal Israeli policies and practices against the Palestinian people and other nations in the region. The members of the United Nations conferred on the Security Council the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security in accordance with Articles 12 and 24 of the Charter. The Security Council must uphold its mandate to maintain international peace and security and must act to implement its own resolutions as provided in the UN Charter. We call on the Security Council to uphold its responsibilities and to act forthwith for the full implementation of all its resolutions pertaining to the question of Palestine, including its most recent resolutions. 2334 of 2016, 2712 of 2023, 2720 of 2023, 2728 of 2024, 2735 of 2024, and 2803 of 2025, adopted following the ceasefire agreement. The Non-Aligned Movement reaffirms its appreciation to the role played by the Arab Republic of Egypt and the State of Qatar in the efforts to ensure a permanent ceasefire. We further reiterate our call for unimpeded humanitarian access, including by UNRWA and other United Nations agencies, and for the safe and effective distribution of sufficient humanitarian assistance throughout the Gaza Strip to all Palestinian citizens who need it, including for urgent medical needs, in full respect of the principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence. Healing, recovery and rebuilding of the Palestinian people in Gaza cannot be delayed any longer. They cannot continue to be deprived of food, water, medicines and shelter that are desperately needed to alleviate the catastrophic humanitarian conditions they have suffered for long. The movement reaffirms its support for Lebanese state in asserting its control and sovereignty over all Lebanese territory, including the exclusive authority of the state over the decisions of war and peace, its monopoly on the possession and use of arms, and the disarmament of all non-state actors, as well as advancing its reform and institutional building agendas. The movement strongly condemns the repeated Israeli attacks against Lebanon civilians and civilian infrastructure. It further condemns attacks against state institutions as well as large-scale destruction and systematic demolition of Lebanese towns and villages and the establishment of so-called security zones, all of which constitute a flagrant violation of international law, including international humanitarian law. It further reiterates the importance of ensuring the safety, security, and freedom of movement of all peacekeepers while carrying out their mandates. The movement reiterates its steadfast position in support of the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and unity of Lebanon, and calls for the full implementation of the UN Security Council Resolution 1701, which remains the framework regulating the state of affairs between Lebanon Lebanon and Israel. In this context, the movement calls on Israel to fully respect and implement the trilateral framework of June 26, 2026, and the announcement of a cessation of hostilities of 26 November 2024, both of which serve as a means to implement the objectives set forth in 1701 in its entirety. The Movement reiterates its strong support for UNIFIL, its personnel and premises, and strongly condemns all attacks against it, and stresses the need to ensure accountability for such attacks. The Movement expresses its deep concern with regard to termination of UNIFIL's mandate by the end of 2026, and the subsequent vacuum that this will create. The movement is of the view that a UN presence in Lebanon remains indispensable to observe, monitor, and report on the future implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701, and for as long as it takes the Lebanese army to deploy fully across the entire territory. NAM condemns the Israeli incursions into Syrian territories in a flagrant violation of international law UN Charter and 1974 Disengagement Agreement, and calls on the Security Council to exert pressure on Israel to fully withdraw from all Syrian territories. NAM condemns repeated Israeli attacks against the Syrian Arab Republic, as they constitute a clear aggression against a sovereign state and a flagrant violation of the provisions of the international law and the Charter of the United Nations. Mr. President, non-member states once again reiterated their call for a continued provision of the needed humanitarian and socio-economic assistance to the Palestinian people, including the Palestinian refugees. The movement reaffirms the continued indispensability of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA, along with other United Nations agencies and international organizations in the provision of urgently needed humanitarian assistance in line with international standards and urges the international community to support the agency in all ways, including with sufficient and predictable funding. NAM rejects all attempts by Israel to weaponize humanitarian assistance and undermine UNRWA, and also rejects Israel's attack on UNRWA facilities, and all its illegal measures against the agency in violation of its charter obligations, the Convention on Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, relevant resolutions, and the ICJ advisory opinions of 22 October 2025 and 19 July 2024. Such illegal actions must be halted. They are a threat to multilateralism and the right and duty of UN General Assembly to mandate the provision of humanitarian assistance, including to the Palestinian people. To conclude, the Movement seizes this opportunity to reiterate its call for collective international efforts to uphold international law to end the historic and grave injustice against the Palestinian people. Non-members reaffirm their commitment to promoting a just, lasting, comprehensive, and peaceful solution to the question of the Palestinian in all its aspects, including for the plight of the Palestinian refugees, and reaffirms their support for Palestinian people in their struggle to achieve justice and fully fulfill their inalienable rights and legitimate national aspirations, including to self-determination, freedom, and independence. to their sovereign and independent state of Palestine with East Jerusalem as its capital. NAM calls on all member states to uphold their obligations in accordance with international law, the relevant resolutions, and the rulings by the International Court of Justice, and to undertake tangible actions, including urgent measures of accountability, to bring an end to this prolonged and tragic injustice, to end the illegal Israeli occupation, and to assist the Syrian people to finally realize their rights. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:31:46]: I thank the representative of Uganda for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka [2:31:59]: Thank you, Mr. President. At the outset, Sri Lanka welcomes the presidency of Greece and appreciates the convening of this quarterly open debate on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question. Sri Lanka aligns itself with the statement delivered by Uganda on behalf of Non-Aligned Movement. One year has passed since the ceasefire in Gaza took effect, yet the basic conditions of life remain extremely difficult. Many Palestinians remain displaced. Gaza's health system is severely weakened, and civilians continue to lose their lives. Sri Lanka calls for the full implementation of the ceasefire and all relevant Security Council resolutions. All parties must comply with international humanitarian law and ensure the protection of civilians, humanitarian personnel, and United Nations premises. The suffering endured by the vulnerable communities in Gaza and the West Bank persists, as people continue to face shortages of essential supplies and services. Humanitarian assistance must reach the people it is intended to serve. The World Health Organization has also cautioned against assessing the humanitarian response by the number of trucks entering Gaza. What matters is that the right supplies reach those in need in a timely manner. With winter approaching, families living in tents cannot afford to wait for medicine and shelter materials. The work of UNRWA and other United Nations agencies remains indispensable. They must be provided with access and resources necessary to fulfill their mandates. No other entity is able to do the work that they undertake. Mr. President, recovery and reconstruction in Gaza must proceed on a scale commensurate with the needs of its people. Rebuilding homes and hospitals is urgent. Palestinians themselves must play a central role in shaping the recovery and their future. The situation in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, demands urgent attention. Settler violence and displacement are placing added pressure on Palestinian communities. Measures that fragment the territory divide those communities from one another. Such developments also place a viable Palestinian state further beyond reach. Mr. President, lasting recovery will depend on a meaningful progress towards a political solution. The New York Declaration on the peaceful settlement of the question of Palestine and the implementation of the two-state solution reaffirmed broad international support for that objective. Its provisions now need to be implemented so that the next generation can grow up in peace and with hope for the future. Sri Lanka reaffirms the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, including their right to self-determination. We remain committed to the establishment of an independent and sovereign state of Palestine, based on the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, living side by side with Israel in peace and security. Sri Lanka also supports Palestinians' full membership in the United Nations. Mr. President, across the region, it is imperative that we work collectively to de-escalate tensions and prevent further destabilization. Sri Lanka underscores the need for restraint by all parties and calls for continued engagement in diplomatic efforts to preserve peace and maintain regional stability. We therefore urge all parties to prioritize dialogue and the peaceful resolution of disputes in pursuit of lasting peace, security, and stability throughout the region. I thank you. Greece · President [2:35:52]: The representative of Sri Lanka for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Kyrgyzstan. Kyrgyzstan [2:36:03]: Mr. President, thank you for convening this open debate and the briefers for the information provided. The Kyrgyz Republic strongly condemns the recent attacks on King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh. We extend our condolences to the families of those killed and to the people of Saudi Arabia. Attacks on civilian infrastructure are unacceptable. We call on all parties to exercise restraint and resolve their differences peacefully in accordance with the UN Charter. Turning to the situation in Palestine, Kyrgyzstan is deeply concerned about the continued suffering of civilians. We call on all parties to fully respect the ceasefire agreement and implement the relevant UN Security Council resolutions. Protecting civilians must remain a top priority. All parties must comply with international humanitarian law and protect civilians and civilian infrastructure. Safe, sustained, and unhindered delivery of humanitarian aid to Gaza must be ensured. Particular attention must be given to protecting children, women, and medical personnel, facilitating medical evacuations, and restoring water supplies, hospitals, and schools. We support the work of UN humanitarian agencies, including UNRWA, and call for the safety of their staff to be ensured. Alongside these urgent humanitarian efforts, we must work towards a lasting political solution. The Kyrgyz Republic supports a peaceful settlement of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict in accordance with UN resolutions. We firmly believe that the two-state solution is the only path to lasting peace. Across the wider region, we are concerned about the spread of violence, rising tensions, and renewed fighting in Yemen. We call for the protection of civilians, respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states in the region, including Syria, and the resolution of differences through diplomacy. Mr. President, the effects of conflicts in the Middle East extend beyond the region. Disruptions to the international transport routes and supplies of food and energy can increase cost and put pressure on livelihoods in countries far from the conflict. For Kyrgyzstan, as a landlocked developing country, reliable trade and transport links are particularly important. We encourage the United Nations and relevant international organizations within their respective mandates to take these wider effects into account. The Kyrgyz Republic supports the efforts of the United Nations and regional mediators. We call on the Security Council to help ensure the implementation of its resolutions and advance a just and lasting peace in the Middle East. I thank you. Greece · President [2:38:54]: Thank you, representative of Kyrgyzstan, for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the Republic of Korea. Republic of Korea [2:39:05]: Thank you, Mr. President, for convening this important and timely debate. As we mark one year since the Security Council endorsed the comprehensive plan to end the Gaza conflict under resolution 1803, there have been notable achievements, such as the return of all hostages and the 15-point roadmap. I appreciate the ongoing efforts made by the Board of Peace, the United States, and other mediating countries. However, due to the delayed transition to the next phase of the comprehensive plan, the severe humanitarian crisis for Palestinians in Gaza has yet to be alleviated. As airstrikes continue, nearly 300 children have been killed since the 10 October 2025 ceasefire. In this regard, my government called on all parties to uphold their commitments prevent further escalation, and ensure the full and unhindered delivery of critical humanitarian assistance to Gaza. At the same time, the situation in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, continues to rapidly deteriorate. The expansion of settlements, which constitute a clear violation of international law under Resolution 2334, alongside intensifying settler violence, posed an existential threat to Palestinian life and the viability of the two-state solution. Two-state solution is the only viable option to realize Palestinian self-determination, Israeli security, and regional peace. Mr. President, turning to Lebanon, the situation is gravely dire. Despite the April ceasefire, more than 300,000 Lebanese remain displaced. We urge all parties to strictly comply with Resolution 1559 and 1701, immediately cease hostilities, and protect civilians and peacekeepers. We also reiterate the imperative of the full implementation of Resolution 1701 beyond the scheduled withdrawal of UNIPIL. Regarding Syria, we are deeply concerned by the ongoing military escalations and operations in southern Syria, as well as violations of the 1974 disengagement of forces agreement. We urge full respect for Syria's sovereignty and the 1974 agreement. Recently in Yemen, Houthi military cross-border attacks targeting civilian infrastructure and threat to commercial navigation in the Red Sea are posing severe risks to global peace as well as maritime and energy security. We condemn such attacks and urge an immediate halt to all attacks against civilians. We call on this Council to strengthen sanctions to effectively cut off the supply of weapons to the Houthis. Lastly, noting that freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz has yet to be fully secured, we urge all parties to redouble their efforts to restore freedom of navigation through diplomacy and dialogue. Attacks against merchant vessels and the imposition of unauthorized tolls and discriminatory charges as conditions of passage are not acceptable and inconsistent with international law. Mr. President, we must not allow the cyclic violation in the Middle East to become the permanent reality of the region or spread further. As such, it is time for regional leaders to step out of this circle of conflict and chart a new path so future generations can inherit a brighter future. I thank you. Greece · President [2:43:24]: I thank the representative of the Republic of Korea for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) [2:43:39]: Thank you, President. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela thanks the Presidency of Greece for convening this open debate and the Acting Special Coordinator, Mr. Ramiz Alakbarov, for his informative briefing. My delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement and wishes to share a number of considerations in its national capacity. Venezuela reiterates its support for the Palestinian cause and its solidarity with the Palestinian people in the exercise of their right to self-determination, including the aspiration to a sovereign and viable State of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders, and with East Jerusalem as its capital. living in peace and security alongside all its neighbors, in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the United Nations. This debate is taking place one year after the ceasefire in Gaza and the adoption of Resolution 2808 of 2025. We welcome the opportunity that this agreement created to alleviate the suffering of the civilian population and enable the return of hostages to their homes. We remain concerned, however, about its fragility. According to the information presented to this Council, at least 1,386 people have lost their lives since it entered into force, including more than 300 children. We encourage all parties to fully honour their commitments and to consolidate the ceasefire into a permanent cessation of hostilities. The humanitarian situation in Gaza remains a matter of deep concern. While the availability of certain food items has improved, this organization reports that the population is concentrated in approximately 30% of the territory, that only one crossing remains open for the passage of goods, and that there continues to be a severe shortage of drinking water, medical care, fuel, and shelter. With winter approaching, we call for full, safe and sustained humanitarian access and for the entry of the supplies necessary for early recovery and reconstruction. Humanitarian assistance must remain free from all political considerations. In this context, we wish to highlight the role of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. Since its establishment by the General Assembly through Resolution 302, UNRWA has provided education, health care, relief, and social services to generations of Palestine refugees in Gaza, the West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. In Gaza, it continues to be a cornerstone of the humanitarian response. and throughout the region, it serves as a stabilizing factor. Its mandate remains irreplaceable as long as a just solution to the refugee question has not yet been achieved. We encourage Member States to provide it with political support and predictable funding. And we recall the importance of respecting the inviolability of United Nations premises as confirmed by the International Court of Justice in its advisory opinion of 22 October 2025. We also continue to follow with concern developments in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. The expansion of settlements, acts of violence against the civilian population, and the displacement of communities, including more than 33,000 residents of refugee camps in the north, undermine confidence and move the prospect of a two-state solution further away. We call for refraining from any unilateral measures that would alter conditions on the ground, consistent with resolution 2334 of 2016, and for ensuring the protection of all civilians without distinction. Mr. President, Venezuela is convinced that this conflict has no military solution. The only path forward is that of dialogue, negotiation and diplomacy. We support the ongoing mediation efforts and the multilateral initiatives aimed at achieving the two-state solution, including the New York Declaration, which was endorsed by the General Assembly. We believe that any transitional arrangement in Gaza must be consistent with international law, preserve the unity of the Palestinian territory, and lead to a credible political horizon. We also welcome the preparations for the Palestinian legislative elections scheduled for 28 November, and reiterate our support for the admission of the State of Palestine as a full member of this Organization. And in conclusion, Venezuela reaffirms its commitment to a just, comprehensive and lasting peace in the Middle East, based on international law, the Charter of the United Nations and respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all States in the region. We encourage this Council to act with unity and to accompany the parties in building that path forward. My country, faithful to its diplomacy of peace will continue to contribute to that objective. Thank you very much. Greece · President [2:49:32]: I thank the representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of the Maldives. Maldives [2:49:44]: Thank you, Mr. President. The Maldives aligns with the statement delivered by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. One year after the so-called ceasefire in Gaza, its meaning has become clear. For Israel, it has meant less international attention while the genocide of Palestinians continue. More than 73,900 Palestinians have been killed since October 2023. More than 1,400 were killed after the ceasefire was announced, with thousands more injured. ceasefire cannot mean that one side stops firing while the other continues to kill. Nor can fever headlines obscure continuing war crimes, crimes against humanity, and other grave atrocities. Gaza is only part of the picture. Since October 2023, more than 1,100 Palestinians have been killed in the West Bank, including hundreds of children. In 2026 alone, More than 1,600 settler attacks have affected 225 Palestinian communities. More than 4,300 Palestinians have been displaced through demolitions, evictions and settler violence. Entire communities have been emptied. Settler expansion continues despite Security Council Resolution 2334, which demands that Israel cease settlement activities. The path forward is clear. Israel must comply fully with international law and the resolutions of this Council. It must end violations, honor its obligations, and when it refuses to do so, face consequences. Three priorities should define the way forward. First, Member States should impose a full arms embargo on Israel. It is unconscionable to continue supplying weapons that are being used to kill Palestinians and sustain a genocide. Second, Member States should suspend trade and economic relations with Israel until it complies fully with international law and relevant Security Council resolutions. Trade generates revenue and capacity, and it should not help sustain genocide in Gaza, illegal settlements, dispossession, and ethnic cleansing in the West Bank. Business cannot continue as usual while these crimes continue. Third, Member States should impose travel restrictions on Israel passport holders until Israel complies with its international obligations. The Moldus has already done so. Since April 2025, entry into the Moldus on Israel passports have been prohibited by law. Humanitarian assistance must be able to enter Gaza safely rapidly and at scale. Restrictions on medicines, fuel, equipment, shelter materials and reconstruction supplies must end. Recovery cannot begin while the means to recover are kept out. These measures are not substitutes for political settlement. These are means of enforcing the rules on which one depends. Palestinians must realize their right to self-determination in an independent, and sovereign state of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital. Lebanon, too, continues to suffer despite ceasefire. Israeli airstrikes and demolitions have continued. There, too, the way forward is clear. End the attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure. Respect Lebanon's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Withdraw from Lebanese territory and implement Security Council Resolution 1701 in full. In Syria, the Maldives welcomes Syrian Government's efforts to consolidate peace and rebuild institutions and improve the lives of its people. These efforts deserve international support. All countries in the region, especially Israel, must fully respect Syria's sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity. Syria needs the space to rebuild. The Council does not lack resolutions. international community does not lack evidence. What is missing is a cost of defined vote. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [2:54:21]: I thank the representative of the Maldives for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Malta. Malta [2:54:33]: I thank you. Malta aligns with the statement of the European Union and makes these remarks in its national capacity. I wish to start by thanking Greece for convening this debate and Acting Special Coordinator Alakbarov for his briefing. President, the frameworks for addressing the challenges before us already exist, including resolutions adopted by this Council. The priority is to ensure their full implementation and to sustain the diplomatic efforts needed to achieve lasting results. On Gaza, Resolution 2803 provides a framework that must be fully implemented. The ceasefire remains fragile, and all parties must honor their commitments. Israel must withdraw to the agreed line and ensure unimpeded humanitarian access at scale. Hamas must disarm and have no role in Gaza's future governance. The security and dignity of Israelis and Palestinians must be upheld. The Palestinian Authority must be supported and strengthened through its reform agenda. We regret the postponement of Palestinian elections and stress the need for a credible pathway towards free and fair elections, enabling the democratic renewal, legitimacy, and accountability of Palestinian institutions, while advancing prospects for a negotiated two-state solution. In the West Bank, settler violence must stop and perpetrators held accountable. The E1 settlement expansion would further undermine the territorial contiguity necessary for a viable Palestinian state. Malta remains firmly committed to the two-state solution, with Jerusalem as the future capital of both states. On Lebanon, Resolution 1701 and 1559 remain the cornerstone for ending hostilities and extending state authority throughout its territory. With UNIFIL's mandate approaching expiry, all stakeholders must act to preserve stability in southern Lebanon and prevent a security vacuum. On Syria. We support an inclusive, Syrian-led transition that preserves Syria's unity, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, alongside strengthened institutions, rule of law, transitional justice, and accountability. We also reiterate our solidarity with Saudi Arabia and strongly condemn Houthi attacks against its territory and civilian infrastructure. Such attacks, alongside continued threats to commercial shipping, must cease. The security of the Strait of Hormuz and Bab al-Mandeb is vital to regional stability and international trade. Freedom of navigation and navigational rights must be fully respected. Mr. President, the international community has developed the frameworks needed to address many of these crises. Our efforts must now focus on supporting their implementation and delivering tangible improvements on the ground. I thank you. Greece · President [2:57:45]: I thank the representative of Malta for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Romania. Romania [2:57:53]: Thank you, Mr. President. Romania aligns with the statement delivered by the European Union. We are deeply concerned that the situation in the Middle East region can further destabilize, with direct global implications for the maintenance of international peace and security. We call on all parties to refrain from further escalation and military action and allow dialogue and diplomacy to prevail. We firmly condemn the recent attacks against the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and call on the Houthis to immediately end all attacks inside and outside Yemen. Mr. President, just as we commemorated the October 7th terrorist attacks against Israel, we reiterate there is no alternative to the complete disarmament of Hamas to attain substantive progress of the comprehensive peace plan for Gaza. We urge all parties to double down on their efforts to consolidate progress achieved in the implementation of the peace plan anchored in the UN Security Council Resolution 2803. The peace plan remains the blueprint for ensuring security and prosperity within the region. We reaffirm that the objective is achieving a just, lasting, and comprehensive settlement of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict conducive to the two-state solution in accordance with international law, relevant Security Council resolutions, and the New York Declaration. Within this context, ensuring that the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza is fully operational in the strip to assist with the transition of administrative tasks to the Palestine Authority requires the sustained efforts of the broader international community. Reforming the Palestinian Authority is an integral part of the peace plan. We regret the recent announcement and the postponement of elections to 2027. As humanitarian assistance to Gaza and its population remains vital, Romania is committed and contributes directly to these efforts. We conducted 12 medical evacuation flights for 121 children patients and their 314 close ones, over half of them being cared for in Romanian hospitals. President, we welcome the trilateral framework agreement in Lebanon and reiterate Romania's firm commitment to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Lebanon. In this respect, the full disarmament of Hezbollah and the full control of the Lebanese armed forces over the entire territory are instrumental, and we welcome the government's efforts in pursuit of this objective. Adherence to the Security Council Resolution 1701 remains mandatory as part of the overall efforts of restoring regional stability. We commend Syria's resilience in not allowing the country to be drawn into the wider regional conflict. We support Syria and its people's sustained efforts and determination on their path to stability, recovery, and prosperity. Ensuring the country's sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity is an essential part of the success story of the new Syria. Last but not least, freedom of navigation must be preserved for international security and the functioning world economy. Disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz echo similarities with the Black Sea following the Russian aggression against Ukraine. Their impact on critical supply chains of food and energy fall disproportionately on the most vulnerable everywhere. As we have witnessed in our proximity in the Black Sea, recent attacks against commercial shipping pose a significant threat to all, including to food security, and impact countries further away. Continued Iranian attacks in the Strait of Hormuz generate a high degree of economic instability all across the world. We reiterate our firm rejection of Iranian weaponization of the commercial routes around the strait, including by imposing tolls or any limitations. Romania will continue to support coordinated efforts to ensure freedom of navigation and the right of transit passage through the strait in accordance with international law and UNCLOS. President, in concluding, the complexity of the Middle East region requires long-lasting and comprehensive solutions pursued and sustained through political commitments and continued dialogue. Romania will continue to be a steadfast partner. Thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [3:01:49]: I thank the representative of Romania for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Finland. Finland [3:01:57]: Thank you, President. And I thank the Special Coordinator for his informative briefing today. And Finland aligns itself with the statement by the EU. President, Finland remains deeply concerned of the continuing military escalation across the region and calls for immediate de-escalation and negotiated solutions for the Strait of Hormuz and the Red Sea. We strongly condemn attacks by Iran and the Houthis against neighboring countries. We welcome the Council's presidential statement on the situation of Yemen today. Safe navigation and freedom of transit through these waterways must be preserved in accordance with international law. Finland contributes to regional maritime security through the EU's Operation Aspides. President, Finland urges all parties to accelerate implementation of the Gaza peace plan in accordance with the Security Council Resolution 2803 and to follow the path outlined in the New York Declaration to reach the two-state solution. Hamas must disarm and Israel must withdraw and enable humanitarian assistance at scale, including by opening additional crossings and allowing UNRWA to carry out its mandate. We are deeply concerned about the situation in the occupied West Bank. Israel must halt settlement expansion and respect international law. We particularly call for the withdrawal of the E1 settlement plans, which would further fragment the West Bank, isolate East Jerusalem, and undermine the viability of the two-state solution. The President of Finland attended the New York Declaration anniversary meeting in the High-Level Week, chaired by President of France and Prime Minister of the UK. Finland remains firmly committed to the two-state solution and continues its long-standing support for the Palestinian Authority through humanitarian assistance, education, health, and state-building efforts. We regret the postponement of legislative elections and encourage organizing them as soon as circumstances permit. President, a ceasefire and renewed negotiations between Israel and Lebanon are essential for lasting peace. We welcome the US brokered framework agreement and stress the continued importance of a UN presence to support implementation of Resolution 1701. Finland also welcomes the EU support mission in Lebanon and intends to contribute to it. President, we congratulate Syria for making encouraging progress in stabilization and state-building, even if significant challenges remain. We also welcome enhanced cooperation against terrorism and Syria's participation in the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS. Finland supports a peaceful and inclusive political transition in Syria based on international law and human rights. Accountability remains essential for lasting peace. We continue to support the IIIIM and encourage cooperation between Syrian authorities and UN mechanisms. I thank you. Greece · President [3:05:18]: I thank the representative of Finland for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Namibia. Namibia [3:05:28]: Thank you, Mr. President. Excellencies, Namibia aligns with the statement delivered on behalf of NAM and that of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. The situation in Palestine continues to deteriorate at a deeply alarming rate. Recent developments, including intensified military operations, continued displacement of civilians and the obstruction of humanitarian access demonstrate that the crisis is not abating. Over the past three years, Israeli forces have killed more than 74,000 Palestinians and wounded more than 175,000 in indiscriminately attacking the population in Gaza, including during the supposed ceasefire. What some actors describe as de-escalation or ceasefire has not translated into real protection and peace for civilians. A ceasefire that still permits bombardment, restricts aid, and denies people safety is not a cessation of hostilities in any meaningful sense. A humanitarian catastrophe remains staggering. Combatment has completely destroyed or damaged 93% of schools in Gaza. Several university buildings and only 42 of 670 health facilities remain fully operational. Entire neighborhoods have been erased, leaving 94% the Palestinian population in the strip in need of shelter without food medicine or clean water children continue to be at the brand of this conflict facing trauma hunger and grave violations of their rights these figures reflect the scale of a genocide being committed with impunity before the eyes of the International Community and in particular the Security Council, which has a responsibility to uphold international peace and security. This barbarity must be stopped immediately. Namibia reiterates that humanitarian assistance must flow unimpeded at scale and without political conditions. UNRWA must be fully supported and allowed to operate safely Efforts to undermine UNRWA at this moment are indefensible and deepen human suffering. Mr. President, Namibia continues to be deeply disturbed by credible reports of various serious violations, including actions that amount to war crimes. These allegations, including those involving violence against children, demand independent investigation and full accountability for all violations. In the West Bank, settlement expansions continue at a pace that defies moral and legal understanding. These actions entrench dispossession, fuel tension, and undermine the viability of a two-state solution. Namibia reiterates that the two-state solution, based on the pre-1967 borders with East Jerusalem as a capital of the State of Palestine remains the only credible path to a just and lasting peace. The reality confronting this Council is clear. This occupation is illegal. Its associated practices, including land appropriation, demographic engineering, and systematic denial of Palestinian rights, constitute apartheid colonial policies that violate international humanitarian and human rights law. These actions erode trust, destabilize the region and undermine the very foundations of the international system. Namibia calls for the occupying power to abandon these practices, uphold its international legal obligations and take concrete steps to rebuild trust with the international community. Compliance with international law is a binding duty, not a political discretion. Only through respect for the United Nations Charter, the Fourth Geneva Convention and relevant Security Council resolutions can the credible path towards peace be restored. Mr. President, the credibility of this Council is being tested, and Namibia's message today is clear, and it is this: There can be no lasting peace without justice and support for genuine political process for the establishment of an independent state of Palestine, no genuine security built upon the permanent denial of another people's rights, and no credible international order if international law is enforced selectively. To conclude, Mr. President, Namibia urges all member states, particularly the members of this council, to work in good faith towards a just, comprehensive and durable solution to the question of Palestine, one that guarantees peace, security and dignity for the Palestinian people, and restores credibility to a region that has suffered for too long, and the admission of the State of Palestine as a full member of the United Nations. I thank you, Mr. President. Greece · President [3:11:36]: I thank the representative of Namibia for the statement. There are still a number of speakers remaining on my list for this meeting. I intend, with the concurrence of members of the Council, to suspend the meeting until tomorrow, 00 p.m. This meeting is suspended.