(Resumed) The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question - Security Council, 9841st meeting
Security Council
Date: 20 January 2025
Language: English
Transcript: https://transcripts.un.org/en/sc/9841/2
Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.

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Algeria · President of the Security Council [0:01]:

The 9,841st meeting of the Security Council is resumed. I wish to remind all speakers to limit their statement to no more than three minutes, in order to enable the Council to carry out its work expeditiously. The flashing light on the microphone will prompt speakers to bring their remarks to a close after three minutes. I now give the floor to His Excellency Mr. Majed Abdelaziz, Permanent Observer of the League of Arab States to the United Nations.


LAS · Permanent Observer [1:04]:

Thank you, Mr. President, Your Excellency Ahmed Othaf, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Algeria, His Excellency Mr. Antonio Guterres, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. The Secretary General of the League of Arab States, which took Thank you for convening this important session at the ministerial level to correspond with the critical phase and moment in the Arab region. Thanking you for your kind invitation to speak before this important session. He had previous engagement that prevented him from participating in the session, and it is my honor to deliver this statement on his behalf. And I quote. Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the convening of this Security Council session at an senior level regarding the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question, comes at a very critical and sensitive moment. After 15 full months of Israeli aggression on Gaza Strip and the West Bank, including all the crimes that are documented, that are unprecedented against the Palestinian people without any criminal or political accountability, The ceasefire agreement that was concluded outside the UN and became effective recently brings a glimmer of hope to the people in Gaza after living hell on earth and suffered in an unprecedented manner in the history of modern wars. The League of Arab States would like to thank the mediators, Egypt, Qatar, and the US, for making this agreement possible in order to stop the bloodshed of the defenseless Palestinian people and stop the insane machine of destruction in the Strip. It reiterates at the same time that the full implementation of the conditions and details of this agreement remains a major responsibility, not only for the two parties and the guarantors, but also the international community and the UN. particularly the Security Council. It has become imperative for this August Council to pay attention to the plans and intentions of the occupation state, particularly the right-wing political leaders and their expression of colonial objectives that would want to empty the Palestinian geography from Palestinian people through forced displacement, and also annex the Palestinian geography and undermine the whole Palestinian question through the expansion of settlement activities. All these are declared intentions in a very clear manner. Mr. President, despite the fact that we welcome the end of this aggression, yet the League of Arab States reiterates that the ceasefire is not a permanent solution, nor a solution of the Palestinian question and the fulfillment of the aspirations of the Palestinian people to establish their independent Palestinian state on the 4th of June 1967 borders with its capital East Jerusalem. This requires us to work together and in an urgent manner to find the political prospect and horizon needed to achieve just and comprehensive peace. We need to start immediately in a path that is credible, that is irreversible, to embody the two-state solution and to support the activities of the global coalition to implement the two-state solution that was launched here at the UN in September. in cooperation with the EU and other actors, and was launched effectively in Riyadh in October 2024. It continued its work through successive meetings in Brussels and Oslo with support from the apartheid Arab Muslim Committee under the leadership of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We need to continue to push for the implementation of the ICJ advisory opinion issued on the 19th of July 2024 and implement the resolutions of the 10th emergency session of the General Assembly fully, particularly in terms of ending the Israeli presence in the occupied Palestinian territory within one year, the convening of an international conference to implement the two-state solution in June 2025, to continue working towards a global summit during which we announce the establishment of the free, independent Palestinian state to correspond with the 80th anniversary of the establishment of the UN. This is the path that we need to take without delay or procrastination, regardless of the challenges and obstacles. In this regard, and in support of the demands of the Arab and Islamic groups and the Non-Aligned Movement at the UN to grant the State of Palestine full membership at the UN, we call upon all countries that have not yet recognized the State of Palestine to take this important step as soon as possible in support of international legitimacy and the UN. I call upon the Security Council to endorse the needed resolution to recommend to the General Assembly to recognize the State of Palestine as a full member at the UN. In order to enhance the sustainability of the ceasefire in Gaza and achieve a just and comprehensive peace, we need all to defend basic principles that cannot be undermined. The Israeli occupation forces need to fully withdraw from Gaza, to stop their attempts to separate Gaza Strip from the West Bank, both of which constitute one political unit under the authority of the independent Palestinian state territory. according to the operative paragraphs of UN resolutions 2720 and 2735. We should also confront and stand up to Israel's attempts to eliminate the right of return that is guaranteed for Palestinian refugees by destroying the social, educational, and health system for their lives through what is called as Israeli legislation to ban the activities of UNRWA that is expected to become effective by the end of this month, despite the extensive efforts that the coalition in support of UNRWA at the UN is making and the strong resolution issued by the 79th session of the General Assembly in support of UNRWA to continue its role, as well as the press statement issued by this Council to warn against the devastating repercussions of these Israeli legislation as they violate international law. And also the decision issued under the suggestion of Norway, is to request a new advisory opinion from ICJ in this regard. These are all evidence and indications to the unity of the international community in facing the Israeli malicious intentions in this regard. The League of Arab States believes that UNRWA is indispensable in providing basic services to the Palestinian refugees in the occupied Palestinian territory, particularly in the areas of education and health. This requires us and this August Council to stand up with all our strength against Israel's attempts to eliminate UNRWA or replace it by any UN organizations or agencies. who do not have the human or financial resources to undertake this pivotal and important role, as they recognize, as these organizations recognize at the highest levels. In conclusion, Mr. President, the League of Arab States is always an effective partner of the UN in defending the global multilateral system and in preserving international legitimacy and securing the respect of international law, international humanitarian law, and international human rights law, particularly as they relate to the Palestinian question, the central question for the League of Arab States. The League of Arab States will make all efforts as an effective partner in support of international legitimacy in the state of Palestine, in Lebanon, and in Syria. We will work with you in order to arrive at a just settlement for all other Arab issues before your council and mutual support between the UN and the League of Arab States. End of quotation. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [9:53]:

I thank Mr. Abdelaziz for his statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Liechtenstein.


Liechtenstein [10:04]:

Thank you very much, Mr. President. For the first time in many months, we are able to speak of opportunities to be seized in the Middle East. To do so, states in the region and all those with influence over them must recommit to international law. protection of civilians, the inviolability of borders, and the protection of all peoples under their jurisdiction. We welcome the agreement of a ceasefire in Gaza, including a phased return of the hostages. We mourn those for whom this agreement is too late, notably those who have died since last May when this deal was first put forward. The implementation of the agreement will test the commitment of the parties to peace. As a first step, we must see all phases of the deal adhered to by the parties, including the release of hostages and detainees, and the provision of aid as agreed, both of which are obligations under international humanitarian law. We welcome the end of the Assad regime, which brought untold suffering to Syria and its people for too many years. Syrians must finally be able to rebuild their country on their own terms, with support from the international community, and in line with relevant international law. It is their right to live in peace and freedom in a country that is governed by them and for them to collectively determine their own destiny. We urge all parties to commit to Council Resolution 2254, including support for credible, inclusive, and nonsectarian governance and for free and fair elections. This should include the protection of minority populations. Sir President, a peaceful future can only be achieved by reckoning with the crimes perpetrated against the Syrian people, in particular by the Assad regime. There is an unprecedented opportunity for comprehensive accountability for the crimes committed in Syria, including by Bashar al-Assad himself, who should be held accountable for crimes against humanity before the International Criminal Court. This is also a crucial moment to give active support to the IIIIM, and in particular to provide additional funding for its work. My government has given a contribution of $150,000 to the accountability mechanism for Syria last week. We pay tribute to the humanitarian workers who continue to search for those disappeared, arbitrarily detained and tortured by the regime, and to the work of the Independent Institution on Missing Persons. Liechtenstein acknowledges the election of a president, appointment of a prime minister in Lebanon. We hope that these developments will constitute a much needed breakthrough for the country. The appointment of the former president of the International Court of Justice, Nabeel Salam, an eminent jurist and diplomat, and the man who many of us know well here, bodes well for Lebanon's future governance. Mr. President, developments across the region offer a small measure of hope. We urge again a recommitment to the basic principles of international law. The changing of borders by force to create facts on the ground is illegal and only leads to the erosion of the rule of law and the endangerment of the people living there. At this time of change, we must continue to protect the international rule of law and the people who rely on it. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [13:30]:

I thank the representative of Liechtenstein for the statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Kazakhstan.


Kazakhstan [13:41]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I congratulate Algeria on its assuming presidency and extend a warm welcome to the new members of the Security Council, Denmark, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, and Somalia. Kazakhstan joins Secretary-General Guterres and the international community in welcoming the deal to secure a ceasefire and hostage release in Gaza, which came into effect yesterday. We commend the efforts of the mediators, Egypt, Qatar, and the United States, and urge all relevant parties to honor their commitments to fully implement the agreement and to bring the war to end and achieve lasting peace in Gaza. As UNRWA's Commissioner General had observed, this ceasefire is the start, not the solution. We need a solution. In the context of dire tragedies, deprivations, UNRWA's work is pivotal, serving as a lifeline for some 5.9 million Palestinian refugees, and especially civilians in Gaza. No other organization matches its unique capacity and mandate, and so we must ensure its continuity unimpeded. Kazakhstan firmly advocates for peaceful resolution to the situation in Syria through diplomacy and dialogue. We reaffirm our commitment to Syria's sovereignty, territorial integrity, and UN Security Council Resolution 2254 as the basis for achieving peace and stability. We also welcome the ceasefire agreement reached on 27th of November last year between Israel and Lebanon, which involved the five mediating countries, including the United States and France. Simultaneously, we call on all nations to uphold this important agreement together with the Gaza deal to secure overall peace in the Middle East. Kazakhstan is deeply committed to peaceful means and diplomacy for immediate cessation of hostilities and de-escalation of violence in the Middle East, which threatens regional and global stability. Kazakhstan is of the firm conviction that only the establishment of an independent Palestinian state under a two-state solution will result in a lasting peace. This is not only a political framework, but a moral obligation. Therefore, the U.S. Security Council, as the principal guardian of peace and security, must bear responsibility and reintegrate international frameworks, initiatives, and Council resolutions to advance reconciliation. To conclude, Kazakhstan stands with the people of the Middle East in their quest for peace, justice, and stability. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [16:37]:

I thank the representative of Kazakhstan. And I now give the floor to the representative of South Africa.


South Africa [16:49]:

Mr. President, thank you for convening this critically important quarterly debate on the Palestinian question. And we wish to acknowledge the presence of the Minister of State of Foreign Affairs of the State of Palestine. We gather here today at a time when there may be hope for peace between Israel and Palestine. We welcome the ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas, and hope that this will bring an end to the suffering of the Palestinian people in general, and particularly those in Gaza. We also welcome the release of Israeli hostages by Hamas. It is vital that all parties respect the terms of the ceasefire agreement. This is a historical moment that we hope will be a step towards a peaceful solution, not only for the immediate onslaught on Gaza, but a positive step towards meaningful negotiations aimed at permanently resolving the Palestinian question and ending occupation. We thank the United States, Qatar, and Egypt for their efforts in making the ceasefire a possibility. All of us in the international community must support the implementation of the agreement. Given the importance of this ceasefire agreement, South Africa calls for its endorsement by the Security Council. Such an endorsement will ensure its sanctity. We also hope that this moment will encourage the Palestinians to forge ahead in unison as they rebuild Gaza and develop their state in the long term. Gaza has been reduced to rubble, and a significant amount of resources, financial and otherwise, will be required to rebuild it. We believe that all members of the international community must lend a hand in rebuilding Gaza. Mr. President, history provides examples of good conflict resolution principles. The killing and displacement of Palestinians is not the solution. The annexation of Palestinian parts of Syria or other lands is not the solution. The solution lies in a dialogue and a willingness to make progress towards a just peace. The solution also lies in a negotiated settlement that allows for Palestinians and Israelis to live side by side in peaceful coexistence. It has now been almost 16 months of brutal onslaught against the people of Gaza. In the past year, in the West Bank, 840 Palestinians have been killed and over 4,000 forcibly displaced. We hope that with the ceasefire agreed, all these grave human rights contraventions will be halted immediately, and the primary responsibility for that lies with the government of Israel. There must also be accountability for these violations. Alongside the political process, is the more immediate need for humanitarian relief. As it stands, the amount of available aid is drastically insufficient, and the international community must provide support to UNRWA and continue providing other much-needed aid. As others have mentioned, UNRWA remains critically vital towards the logistical task of dispensing vast amounts of much-needed aid. Without the support of UNRWA, thousands more may perish due to starvation, hypothermia, and diseases. We urge all parties involved to develop a solution that will ensure that UNRWA is able to continue to operate swiftly and without hindrance. Mr. President, we must now first strike measures towards the recognition of Palestine as a state. All members of the UN Security Council profess their support for the two-state solution. Therefore, we must call on all states to convert these sentiments into reality by accepting Palestine as the 194th member of the United Nations. The status quo of refusing to admit Palestine as a full member will only serve to perpetuate the conflict and suffering. When Palestine is afforded equal status in the international community, a peaceful coexistence would become possible. Additionally, we call on all parties to fulfill their obligations under international law, including the fulfillment of the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice, provisional measures issued by the ICJ, and the recent Security Council resolutions on Gaza. This includes, in Ta'aliya, an end to Israeli occupation of Palestine, the facilitation of the return of displaced Palestinians, and to allow Palestinians the right to self-determination. In conclusion, Mr. President, we cannot allow the Palestinian people to be decimated through bombs, starvation, and displacement. while the world is seemingly unable to act. Similarly, their right to self-determination cannot be undermined, as it is etched in international law. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [23:06]:

I thank the representative of South Africa for her statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Jordan.


Jordan [23:18]:

Thank you, President.

At the outset, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation for the remarkable efforts you are undertaking as you preside over the work of the Council during the month of January, which includes convening this very important meeting in light of the fastly developing system in the region. The Security Council is committed to the maintenance of international peace and security in keeping with the responsibilities assigned to it by the Charter. We would also like to thank the UN Secretary-General for his very informative briefing to the Council this morning. President, members of the Security Council, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan welcomes the ceasefire in Gaza, as well as the fact that it entered into force just yesterday. We are deeply grateful for all of the efforts undertaken by the Arab Republic of Egypt, the State of Qatar, a brother country, as well as by the United States, aimed at achieving this agreement. All terms of the agreement must be implemented in full, including all of the agreement's phases, so as to alleviate civilian suffering and to guarantee the stability of the situation in Gaza and throughout the occupied Palestinian territory, as well as the region at large. Against this backdrop, we underscore the need to take pressing international action to ensure sufficient lasting humanitarian assistance reaches Gaza so as to confront the humanitarian disaster prompted by the Israeli war on Gaza, which resulted in the deaths of thousands of innocent Palestinians, so many people wounded, famine, displacement of populations. and in people being deprived of their fundamental right to health care. This war also targeted UN personnel, humanitarian workers, health workers and journalists. The scope of the humanitarian tragedy. calls for an urgent and comprehensive international solution, guaranteeing the delivery of necessary assistance without any impediments. It also calls for protection to be afforded to civilians in keeping with international humanitarian law and relevant United Nations resolutions. We'd like to highlight that it's equally vital to begin comprehensive reconstruction in Gaza so as to meet the needs of the people to rebuild basic infrastructure, and to put an end to the suffering of the Palestinian people. These efforts require genuine international cooperation, so as to provide the requisite financial and technical support, as well as to facilitate access to resources and capacities without any impediments, stressing the sustainable nature of such efforts so as to alleviate human suffering and to ensure humanitarian, social, and economic recovery. His Majesty King Abdullah II is helping to provide humanitarian assistance to the Gaza Strip. He is very much committed and stands shoulder to shoulder with our brother people, the Palestinian people, so that they can exercise their legitimate rights and achieve just and comprehensive peace. Jordan has sent 141 humanitarian convoys made up of 5,127 trucks. They crossed by land. They brought the amount of assistance provided to 65,257 tons. Throughout the war, 391 aerial operations were undertaken so as to deliver assistance to the north and the south of the Gaza Strip. Jordan, as a humanitarian hub, stands ready to cooperate with all partners so as to deliver assistance to Gaza and as throughout the Kingdom. Jordanian field hospitals will continue providing medical services to the people of Gaza. Work is underway so as to scale up the provision of such services, and this includes the Restore Hope campaign, which aims to provide artificial prosthetics, as well as other health services to victims, that is to amputees, of which there are over 16,000. Thanks to these efforts, these amputees will be able to start learning to use their prosthetics two hours after being operated on. President, we call on the international community to step up its efforts to consolidate and enhance the ceasefire agreement so as to open up genuine prospects for a fair and comprehensive, just and comprehensive solution. This solution should embody an independent and sovereign Palestinian state on 4th June 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital on the basis of international law as well as endorsed international frameworks, including relevant UN Security Council resolutions, the Arab Peace Initiative, as well so as to ensure that Palestinians can live in peace and security side by side with Israelis. Jordan will continue to cooperate with its regional and international partners so as to achieve a just and comprehensive peace on the basis of the two-state solution, which is the only way to end the conflict and to protect the region from new wars or conflicts. President, Israel continues to take unilateral steps which are provocations, resulting in an escalation on Palestinian territory. This is at odds with Israel's duties as the occupying power. This hampers the two-state solution as well as undermines the chances of achieving just peace. Jordan would like to warn against the ongoing cycle of violence, given the impasse the peace process finds itself in. Jordan would like to also caution against any measures which seek to alter the historic and legal status quo around Haram al-Sharif, Al-Aqsa Mosque. and any temporal-spatial changes to these sites in violation of Israel's international obligations as the occupying power. We'd like to emphasize the need for Israel to fully respect the status of Haram al-Sharif as decided in the year 2000. As for the Al-Aqsa Mosque, Haram al-Sharif, the entire area that is 144 dunams must be recognized as the exclusive place of worship for Muslims. This must be upheld. We'd like to underscore that Waqf in Jerusalem and the Al-Aqsa Mosque Affairs Body have exclusive jurisdiction to manage all matters therein and to manage the entry. As for UNRWA, the UN Palestine, the UN Relief Agency for Palestine, my delegation would like to underscore its primordial role as regards the promotion of regional stability. Its role is absolutely vital. The key factor ensuring regional stability, we believe it's necessary for UNRWA to continue discharging its duties as per its UN mandate. No other entity can play UNRWA's role, that is, providing vital services to Palestinian refugees, whether that be in Gaza or in its other five operating areas. Against this backdrop, we'd like to underscore the illegality of the laws adopted by the Israeli Knesset prohibiting the work of the Agency and undermining the work of its personnel as well as its sites in occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem. UNRWA This law on Rush is supposed to enter into force this in the coming month. This is in flagrant violation of international law and will have a significant impact on the vital services provided by the agency to millions of refugees. This will exacerbate the humanitarian situation in the occupied Palestinian territory, in particular in the Gaza Strip. These laws much like other laws targeting the agency, are a serious violation of Israel's duties as the occupying power. It also violates the viability of the agency, its facilities, and its personnel, which are safeguarded by the 1946 Convention on Privileges and Immunities of UN Agencies. We'd like to reiterate our call to the international community to take immediate measures so as to tackle these challenges, to address them, and so as to ensure that UNRWA can continue doing its mandated work. We call on the international community to provide political and financial support for UNRWA to be able to play its role in providing essential services, strengthening security and stability. We are duty-bound to work hand-in-hand so as to ensure the implementation of the ceasefire and the immediate entry into force and delivery of humanitarian assistance. Collective action is required to undertake new, enhanced efforts so as to implement the two-state solution and achieve lasting and just peace which the region so deserves. There are sweeping changes in our region. We must be clear-sighted and determined so as to move to a brighter future, living in peace, stability, and security. We must meet the aspirations of our people so that peace, security, and stability are available and possible for all. We welcome the opportunity to work with all of you, together with the new U.S. administration, which is taking up its duties today, so that we can bring our region closer to this bright future. I thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [34:17]:

I thank the representative of Jordan for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of New Zealand.


New Zealand · CANZ [34:29]:

Thank you, President. I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of Canada, Australia, and my own country, New Zealand. We continue to unequivocally condemn Hamas' terrorist attacks against Israel on 7 October 2023. After 15 months of conflict and devastating loss of civilian life, we welcome the announcement of a ceasefire and hostage agreement in Gaza. We hope this critical step will mark the beginning of a new chapter for the Israeli and Palestinian people and de-escalate tensions in the region. We thank Egypt, Qatar, and the United States for their considerable efforts in helping achieve this agreement. We urge all parties to respect its terms and safeguard a lasting peace. Our thoughts remain with the families of all civilians killed in this conflict, as well as those displaced and taken hostage, and the many humanitarian workers who lost their lives in the service of others. There remains much work to be done to release all remaining hostages, including the remains of those deceased. to ensure safe, rapid, unimpeded, and sustained humanitarian assistance to civilians; to support reconstruction efforts; and to ensure Hamas has no role in the future governance of Gaza. We will continue to act in partnership with the international community to support the urgent humanitarian needs of the people of Gaza, particularly during a harsh winter. And we remain committed to working towards achieving a two-state solution, a Palestinian state and the state of Israel living side by side in peace and security within internationally recognized borders. President, we expect Israel to take urgent action to allow greater humanitarian access to relieve the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. All parties must fully adhere to international humanitarian law, including by protecting humanitarian personnel. They are essential in facilitating the provision of humanitarian assistance to civilians in need. As the Security Council has stated, UNRWA plays a vital role across the region and is the backbone of all humanitarian response in Gaza. It is clear that attempts to dismantle or diminish UNRWA's operations and mandate will have severe humanitarian consequences for the millions of Palestinian civilians who rely on its services. UNRWA must be able to continue its life-saving work. President, we urge Iran to refrain from further attacks and condemn the Houthis' ongoing reckless acts against Israel. Canada, Australia and New Zealand also welcome the ceasefire agreement to bring an end to hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah, and urge all parties to implement its terms fully. The ceasefire is critical to alleviate the suffering of communities on both sides of the border and ensure displaced populations can return home. We welcome the recent presidential election, which resulted in the appointment of Joseph Aoun, and the subsequent appointment of Nawar Salameh as Prime Minister. These are positive steps, and we call on the newly appointed Prime Minister to form a cabinet, adopt necessary political and economic reform, and for the government to support the ceasefire's implementation by asserting its full sovereignty over Lebanese territory. President, in a further positive development, we have witnessed the fall of the Assad regime in Syria, a regime that for decades sponsored conflict, oppression, division and displacement. We are witnessing a long overdue opportunity for a chapter of peace, security and stability for the people of Syria. We very much hope that this will be seized. Canada, Australia and New Zealand support the principles outlined in the December 2024 Akaba Statement, and we hope to see a transparent political process that produces an inclusive, non-secretarian and representative government which protects the rights of all Syrians. President, thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [39:24]:

I thank the representative of New Zealand for her statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of the Kingdom of Morocco.


Morocco [39:38]:

Thank you, President. At the outset, I would like to congratulate you on convening this meeting, which is presided over by His Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Algeria, a brother country. We'd also like to thank the Secretary-General for his valuable briefing. President, His Majesty the King of Morocco, Mohammed VI, and the Kingdom of Morocco would like to welcome the implementation of the ceasefire agreement. as well as the efforts being undertaken to end attacks on civilians, we hope that the ceasefire agreement will be upheld in full. And for this to allow for attacks on civilians to end, as well as for the return of displaced persons, the release of hostages, in addition to the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian assistance in full, as confirmed by His Majesty. King Mohammed VI in a letter, and here I quote, "It is important to avoid a situation whereby a crisis begins just after one crisis has ended." End of quote. The ceasefire must allow for reconstruction and for genuine peace. as well as the establishment of a Palestinian state within 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital, Palestinians living in peace and security side by side with Israelis so as to ensure peace and stability in the Middle East. The Kingdom of Morocco would like to emphasize the vital and important role played by UNRWA. No other entity can play the central role played by UNRWA, serving Palestinian refugees in its various areas of operations. UNRWA has become the backbone of the United Nations humanitarian response. Thus, it is vital for UNRWA to be endowed with necessary resources in sufficient quantity to be able to discharge its duties and uphold its lofty responsibilities. Palestinian refugees should be granted assistance in all of UNRWA's five operational areas until we find a just solution to their status, helping them to return to their homes and their villages and cities. President, Israeli attacks against al-Quds al-Sharif is a serious source of crisis. It fuels extremism, tensions, and violence. His Majesty King Mohammed VI, in his capacity as chairperson of the Jerusalem Committee, has addressed this issue, including the right of the status quo of the holy city of Jerusalem as a holy city for the three monotheistic religions. It is also, of course, home to the principles of dialogue, respect, and mutual understanding. We would like to express our support to the Palestinian people, specifically those residing in Jerusalem. The Committee is continuing its efforts in coordination with the efforts being undertaken by His Majesty the King under the auspices and the instructions of His Majesty personally. Coordination is also underway so as to rebuild houses, provide humanitarian and social assistance to the residents of Jerusalem. Mr. President, the Kingdom of Morocco. working under the enlightened instructions of His Majesty King Mohammed VI, is of the view that the stability of Lebanon is very important. Its unity, its security, and the safety of the Lebanese people must be upheld, and this through the full implementation of Resolution 1701, adopted by the UN Security Council. The Kingdom of Morocco is following very closely the events unfolding in Syria. The sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of the Syrian people, as well as their right to choose their own fate, must be protected. We hope that the latest developments will allow for stability to reign in Syria and for the aspirations of the Syrian people aspirations for peace, development, stability and the building of a brighter future will be met. Last but not least, we have a clear-cut position on the Palestinian question. We believe it is the key to ensuring peace, security, and stability in the Middle East as a whole on the basis of the two-state solution. And Gaza, well, Gaza must be a key component of the Palestinian territory. The Palestinian Authority should exercise political control in Gaza. We unreservedly support the Palestinian people and their aspirations to create their own state within 4th June 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [45:59]:

For the statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Spain.


Spain [46:06]:

Senor Presidente.

Thank you, Mr. President. For the first time in 15 months of instability in the Middle East, I am pleased to take the floor to say that there is reason for hope. The entry into force of the ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas. I wish to extend my thanks to the mediators, Qatar, Egypt, and the United States. Spain will work for the success of the ceasefire, for the release of all hostages, and for the massive delivery of humanitarian aid and stabilization and rebuilding of Gaza. Spain also believes that there cannot be any credible humanitarian action without UNRWA, which is irreplaceable and indispensable for the ceasefire to be successful and for the serious humanitarian needs in the Strip to be met. Stability and rebuilding in Gaza are the subject of subsequent phases of the agreement, and therefore we continue to encourage the parties to take the necessary decisions, and we call on the guarantor parties to continue to support them. The Palestinian Authority, our partner for peace, must also shoulder its responsibilities as a government in Gaza and restore basic services and security. On this basis, we must continue to work for the implementation of the two-state solution. This is the only way for peace in the region. Only a viable, realistic, and contiguous Palestinian state, including Gaza and the West Bank and East Jerusalem as capital, can meet the legitimate aspirations for peace. And therefore, we welcome the holding of the international conference here at the UN in June, and we encourage all participants to continue to work in tandem with the Global Alliance the implementation of the two-state solution. The idea is that both initiatives will make a decisive contribution to our commitment to peace. Another reason for hope is the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement between Israel and Lebanon, and we trust that clashes will not resume once that agreement expires. And we appeal to the parties to continue to work for its implementation and the full implementation of Resolution 1701. Spain will continue to support stability in Lebanon through UNIFIL, whose security must be guaranteed. Last week, Spain announced an increase of our support for the Lebanese armed forces with a package of 10 million euros managed by UNDP and the additional aid through Spanish cooperation to contribute to the rebuilding of the country. We welcome the election of President Aoun and progress in forming a government with a full mandate to tackle reforms which the country needs. In Syria, Spain supports peaceful and inclusive political transition, and for that reason, we are calling for a gradual lifting of EU sanctions to facilitate humanitarian aid delivery and economic recovery in the country, as long as there is progress in the transition process and fundamental rights are respected, including the rights of religious communities and the rights of women. We support the UN role in support of this transition and contributing to accountability, as well as the OPCW oversight of the chemical weapons stockpiles. We hope that this new phase will represent progress in combating Daesh, preventing their resurgence, and maintaining security of Daesh prisoner camps in the country. We will continue to call for conditions to be set for the voluntary, safe, and dignified return of Syrian refugees as part of our contribution to efforts in the region. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [49:47]:

The representative of Spain for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of.

Switzerland.


Switzerland [50:00]:

President, Excellencies, we congratulate Algeria on its January presidency on the Security Council and would like to thank Algeria for convening this open debate. Switzerland welcomes the agreement reached on 15 January, in particular that on the ceasefire in Gaza, the release of hostages and a significant increase in humanitarian aid. We commend the tireless mediation efforts undertaken by the US, Egypt, and Qatar. We also recognize the pivotal role played by the ICRC as a neutral humanitarian intermediary. A ceasefire is long overdue after 15 months of appalling violence that claimed the lives of tens of thousands of civilians, including countless children. We call on the parties to implement this agreement in good faith. in a comprehensive fashion so that all the phases can be completed and so that we can put a definitive end to this war. Since 7 October 2023, Switzerland has staunchly condemned acts of terror and hostage-taking perpetrated by Hamas. As a member of the Council, And in light of the war in Gaza, we're committed to an immediate, unconditional, and permanent ceasefire, as well as to the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages, as well as to the respect for international law, specifically international humanitarian law and international human rights law, including the protection of civilians and humanitarian access to and inside Gaza. Switzerland has tirelessly insisted on the need to implement the Council's resolution. The humanitarian response must be considerably scaled up so as to meet the immense needs of the population. Facilitating rapid, safe and unfettered humanitarian access is an obligation under international humanitarian law. The parties must lift all obstacles. This includes access to and distribution of aid within Gaza. Switzerland calls on the parties to respect their obligations related to the protection of civilians, including vis-a-vis humanitarian personnel as well as civilian infrastructure, as recalled by resolution 2730 of the Security Council. We condemn all attacks against them, including the Israeli fire that hit a World Food Programme convoy in Gaza on 5 January. Switzerland remains deeply disquieted by the consequences of the laws adopted by the Knesset on 28 October last year against UNRWA, whose mandate was defined by the General Assembly. These laws are largely incompatible with Israel's obligations under international law. We would like to recall that, as the occupying power, Israel is obligated, in particular, to ensure the provision of foodstuffs and medicine to the population of the occupied Palestinian territory. UNRWA provides basic services as well as quasi-state services there. It is thus an indispensable humanitarian actor, particularly at a time when the ceasefire agreement is being implemented. The implementation of Security Council resolutions, as well as of agreements between the parties, such as the 1974 disengagement agreement on the occupied Golan Heights, or the agreement that led to the cessation of hostilities between Israel and Lebanon, signed on 27 November, are essential if we are to achieve de-escalation and peace. Switzerland supports the key role of the United Nations, its humanitarian agencies, peace missions and the special envoys of the UN in the region. President, Switzerland is deeply concerned about record levels of violence in the West Bank, including in East Jerusalem. We condemn all violence against civilians and civilian property, including continued settler violence against Palestinian civilians, as well as attacks on Israeli civilians, specifically the attack on those aboard a bus on the 6th of January. All perpetrators of these acts must be brought to justice. The Israeli occupation, ongoing since 1967, is illegal, as confirmed by the International Court of Justice. It must end as soon as possible. It is a serious obstacle to the two-state solution, which is the only option for Israelis and Palestinians to live side by side in peace, security, and dignity within secure and recognized borders in accordance with international law as well as internationally agreed parameters. The agreement achieved on 15 January and the start of its implementation are only the first step, albeit one that is long overdue. The parties must finally commit themselves to reviving political prospects. We hope that the Security Council will enforce its own resolutions in this regard and help to shape a peace process which we desperately need in the region and the world over. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [55:01]:

I thank the representative of Switzerland for the statement. And now I give the floor to the representative of Philippine.


Philippines [55:13]:

Mr. President, the Philippines welcomes the long-awaited ceasefire and hostage deal reached by Israel and Hamas, which came into effect yesterday, 19 January 2025. The Philippines reiterates its position that diplomacy remains the cornerstone of achieving an enduring peace in the Middle East, that the ongoing conflict can only be resolved through diplomatic engagement, dialogue, and comprehensive negotiations based on trust and rooted in the primacy of international law. We hope that the hostage and ceasefire deal will be implemented completely and expeditiously stop the fighting in Gaza, accelerate life-saving humanitarian assistance to Palestinian civilians, and reunite the hostages with their families. We commend Egypt, Qatar, and the United States for brokering the deal through intensive diplomacy. But even as we welcome this ceasefire and hostage agreement, we remain gravely concerned over the catastrophic humanitarian situation in Gaza. As the Secretary-General highlighted, it is imperative that this ceasefire removes the significant security and political obstacles to delivering aid across Gaza so that we can support a major increase in urgent lifesaving humanitarian support. In this regard, we join the Secretary-General's call on all parties to adhere to their obligations under international law, with particular emphasis on the protection of civilians, especially women and children, and the facilitation of the rapid, unhindered, and safe humanitarian relief for all civilians in need in Gaza. This enduring and complicated Israeli-Palestinian conflict remains a strategic piece in achieving a comprehensive and lasting peace in the Middle East. Today, as always, the Philippines reaffirms its steadfast commitment to a two-state solution that addresses the needs of both Palestinians and Israeli civilians, with the aim of achieving a just and lasting peace and security in the region. Towards this end, and consistent with past international agreements and relevant UN resolutions, we support steps that would expand the space for meaningful dialogues and negotiations, building trust and mutual understanding and cooperation for peace. We also support the intensification and acceleration of international and regional diplomatic efforts aimed at achieving, without delay, a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace in the Middle East. We therefore commend and support the efforts of Saudi Arabia, Norway, and the European Union for spearheading the Global Alliance for the Implementation of a Palestinian State and a Two-State Solution. Mr. President, as a candidate for a non-permanent seat on the Security Council for the period 2027-2028, based on its solid track record and contributions to peace and justice, The Philippines reiterates its enduring support and cooperation as we work together and commit to ending war, upholding justice, respecting human rights, and maintaining international peace and security. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [59:03]:

I thank the representative of Philippines for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Ireland.


Ireland [59:14]:

Thank you, President. Ireland aligns itself with the statement of the European Union. I thank Algeria for convening today's meeting and thank the Secretary-General for his important briefing this morning. President, today's meeting comes in a time of profound relief for the peoples of Israel and Gaza following last week's ceasefire and hostage release deal. Hostages held by Hamas in Gaza are finally being released and reunited with their loved ones after immense trauma and suffering over the past 15 months. All remaining hostages must be released. Civilians in Gaza finally have some reprieve from the unprecedented and devastating suffering of the past 15 months, with over 46,000 Palestinians killed, the majority women and children. 2025 offers the opportunity to chart a better course. However, we cannot overstate the scale of this challenge. In Gaza, homes, schools and hospitals have been reduced to rubble, so too have the hopes and aspirations of a lost generation. A massive scale up of humanitarian aid is needed, as well as a return of basic services and a clear framework on which those displaced as part of the war can return. Palestinian Authority governance is crucial for this next phase in Gaza. President, Ireland pays tribute to the work of the mediators, the US, Egypt and Qatar, over many months to reach an agreement. We urge all parties to continue to work on the full implementation of all phases of the ceasefire on hostage release deal. The ceasefire must become permanent. President, Gaza must now begin the daunting task of rebuilding and recovery. Humanitarian workers will continue to be central to these efforts, as urgent and unimpeded aid needs to reach all parts of Gaza at scale. Over the past 15 months, the unwavering commitment of humanitarian workers to serve those desperately in need of assistance has provided rare glimpses of hope and solidarity, and indeed humanity. many risking their lives and paying the ultimate price. Ireland pays tribute to all humanitarians who demonstrate the best of humanity every day. Their resolve will be needed in the days and weeks ahead. UNRWA has been at the very core of these efforts, the backbone of the humanitarian response in Gaza. UNRWA is irreplaceable. No other agency can match the scale of its operations. If Israel implements the Knesset legislation, which would effectively halt UNRWA operations in the occupied Palestinian territory, The result would be simply catastrophic. Ireland again calls on Israel to end its attacks on UNRWA and to facilitate its life-saving work. We are also seriously alarmed at the worsening situation in the West Bank, especially the use of aerial attacks by Israel. We call for urgent de-escalation. We call on Israel to end its illegal settlement policy as a matter of urgency. Illegal settlement expansion undermines any future credible peace process. President, the future of the region remains precarious. The ceasefire in Lebanon is fragile, the situation in Syria is uncertain, and there is a real risk of escalation in Yemen. The region should not endure any further conflict and human suffering. There is an opportunity now to strive for a better future for all the peoples of the region. We welcome the election of President Joseph Aoun and the designation of Nawar Salem as Prime Minister in Lebanon. We hope a stable government can be formed soon, and we call on Israel and Hezbollah to continue their commitment to the ceasefire. In Syria, an inclusive transition process in line with the key elements of Resolution 2254, with respect for human rights and the protection of vulnerable communities, is essential. The territorial integrity of Syria must be respected, especially by neighboring states. President, Ireland remains convinced that implementation of the two-state solution is the only way to establish lasting peace and security for both Israel and Palestine and the wider region. We must all collectively resolve to work towards the achievement of this objective. Israel and Palestine must actively and urgently engage in a meaningful political process, while the international community must intensify efforts to implement a two-state solution. step up support for the Palestinian Authority, and focus on rebuilding and reconstructing Gaza. Ireland will continue to play its part. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:03:32]:

I thank the representative of Ireland for the statement. And I now give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Stavros Lambrinidis, head of the European Union delegation to the United Nations. Oh, I'm sorry. I give the floor to my neighbor and dear friend, the Ambassador of Tunisia.


Tunisia [1:04:07]:

Thank you, Mr. President. At the outset, allow me to congratulate sisterly Algeria for presiding over the Security Council this current month and for holding this important open debate. We also appreciate your effective role in serving international peace and security in the current circumstances. I thank the Secretary-General for his briefing. Mr. President. Tunisia values the agreement on a ceasefire in Gaza after more than 15 months of a systematic genocide, causing great harm to humanity. We salute the resilience of the Palestinian people, the brotherly Palestinian people, and stand in awe of their precious sacrifices and the pure blood they have shed in facing the Zionist killing and destruction machine and in imposing a cessation of the aggression and enjoying their natural and human right to dignity and life. We call upon the international community to shoulder the responsibility of putting a end to the immorality of the occupying authorities, to ensure a permanent ceasefire in Gaza, to fully stop the blockade, and accelerate the enjoyment of the Palestinian people of of their right to humanitarian assistance and the reconstruction of their land to provide the necessary living conditions that will maintain their security and dignity. Mr. President, we stress that reaching a ceasefire should not overshadow the responsibility by the defenders of right and justice in the world to continue prosecuting the officials of the occupation entity. to hold them accountable for the genocide and mass torture they have perpetrated against the Palestinian people in Gaza and the rest of the occupied Palestine. The aggression killed more than 45,000 Palestinian martyrs and injured tens of thousands of innocent civilians, mostly women and children. In addition, It systematically targeted hospitals, medical and relief workers, journalists, and the tents of the forcibly displaced. It prevented the delivery of humanitarian assistance and used hunger as a weapon of war and collective punishment without any accountability. As we condemn war crimes and the genocide perpetrated by the occupation against the Palestinian people, we stress that it is absolutely unacceptable for the resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly and the advisory opinions of the ICJ to remain unimplemented as the occupation authorities continue to commit the same crimes and violations for which these resolutions were adopted. What's even worse is that these authorities did not only violate and pay no heed to the humanitarian and legal instruments and resolutions, they rather escalated their policies of aggressions and fully challenged the will of the international community. Their targeting of UNRWA is to further deepen the suffering of the Palestinian refugees, to destroy the Palestinian social fabric, and to weaken the refugee file, to continue with their plans of forced displacement, and emptying the Palestinian lands of their citizens. In this vein, we once again call upon the international community to shoulder its responsibility and save the Palestinian people from this genocide machine, to put an end to the policies of occupation and violation of UN resolutions. Tunisia supports justice and right and rejects all forms of injustice and aggression. We stress the need to address the root cause of the situation in the occupied Palestinian land, namely the occupation. We once again, we reaffirm our firm support to the resilience of the courageous Palestinian people and their national unity in this critical period to recover and restore their legitimate, inalienable, and imprescriptible rights, namely their right to self-determination and the establishment of a sovereign, independent state on all the land of Palestine with Al-Quds al-Sharif as a capital. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:08:56]:

I thank the representative of Tunisia for his statement. And I now give the floor to the Islamic, to the representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran.


Iran (Islamic Republic of) [1:09:12]:

Thank you. In the name of God, the compassionate and merciful, Mr. President, we thank Algeria for convening this important meeting. The Islamic Republic of Iran congratulate the courageous people of Palestine, especially in Gaza, and all supporters of the Palestinian resistance worldwide. on the achievement of the Gaza ceasefire agreement. This victory reflects the bravery, unity, and resilience of the Palestinian people who have endured immense suffering, including genocide and forced displacement. In this context, I want to make the following points. First, Gaza remains the center of a deep humanitarian crisis. This tragedy exposed double standards, moral failure, and inaction from the international community and the Security Council. The atrocities committed by the Israeli apartheid regime are shocking. Families have been wiped out, hospitals and schools destroyed, and critical infrastructure demolished. The blockade on Gaza has turned life for over 2 million people into a daily struggle, depriving them of food, water, and medicine, electricity. These actions are collective punishment on an unimaginable scale. Second, while a welcome step, the ceasefire must be transformed into a permanent and sustainable solution. This demands the full withdrawal of Israeli forces, the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian aid, and the robust, comprehensive reconstruction plan for Gaza. Israel's unwillingness to fully withdraw and its insistence on maintaining control over Gaza's security undermines these efforts and perpetuates instability. The Council must take a united and strong position in defending Gaza's territorial integrity. The international community must prioritize safeguarding UNRWA's mandate and ensure predictable, sustained funding to support Palestinian refugees. Equally critical is addressing the escalating violence in the West Bank, including the surge in settler attacks, which poses a serious threat to peace and security and requires immediate, decisive action. Israeli heinous crimes in Gaza, including mass killing of civilians, the destruction of vital infrastructure, and the forced displacement of entire communities, constitute acts of genocide, war crime, and crimes against humanity. Such crimes cannot be overlooked after the ceasefire. Accountability and prosecution must be pursued. and uncompromising accountability is crucial for justice and preventing further atrocities. It is imperative that the Security Council remains objective and does not succumb to the propaganda of the terrorist regime of Israel that seek to deflect attention from these underlying issues. Fourth, the Israeli regime must honor its commitment to the ceasefire with Lebanon. immediately halt its violation of Lebanese sovereignty and withdraw its forces from southern Lebanon after 60 days of the ceasefire agreement. The Security Council must adopt a firm position to ensure the full and precise implementation of the ceasefire agreement. Likewise, Israel occupation of the Syrian Golan Heights violated the 1974 agreement on disengagement and UN Resolution 497, which declared its annexation illegal. Finally, resistance movement across the region are a legitimate response to the decade of Israeli occupation, aggression, and expansionist policies. Islamic Republic of Iran reaffirm its steadfast support of the Palestinian right to self-defense and resistance under international law. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:13:41]:

I thank the representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran. And I now give the floor to the representative of Turkey.


Türkiye [1:13:53]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I express our sincere appreciation to Algeria for convening this important debate. I also express our gratitude to the Secretary-General Guterres for his briefing and his leadership during overlapping global crises. Mr. President, Turkey welcomes the ceasefire agreement and thanks mediating countries for their efforts. During 15 months of relentless warfare, The people of Gaza have endured immense suffering, with countless lives lost, many injured, and widespread displacement under the international community's watch. Now, the ceasefire, although long overdue, provides a glimmer of hope. It is vital to ensure the full implementation of ceasefire agreement, make it permanent, and deliver urgent humanitarian aid to Gaza. Mr. President, since October 7th, the international community has called for an immediate ceasefire, the release of all captives, and unhindered humanitarian aid. With the ceasefire in place, we must ensure these calls are fully realized. First, Israel must held accountable to its commitments, including establishing a permanent ceasefire, withdrawing forces from Gaza, and enabling unimpeded humanitarian aid. Second, Gaza must receive urgent humanitarian relief. recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts in Gaza must be supported. UNRWA plays a central role in this regard. Since October 7, UNRWA has been a cornerstone of humanitarian operations in Gaza, leveraging its unique mandate and decades of experience. However, Israel's attempts to obstruct UNRWA's operations violate its illegal obligations under international law and set a dangerous precedent for the UN and multilateralism itself. We urge the Security Council and Member States alike to shield and support UNRWA until a just, lasting two-state solution is achieved. This brings me to my third point. To halt this vicious cycle of violence, it is crucial to address the root causes of the conflict, the ongoing illegal occupation, and denial of Palestinian rights. Turkey firmly supports to tackle these underlying issues and remains committed to the two-state vision, which is the only viable solution for lasting peace. Establishing an independent, sovereign, and contiguous state of Palestine based on 1976 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital is imperative for a just and peaceful future. We must intensify our efforts towards a two-state solution, ending the illegal occupation as per General Assembly resolution of September 2024, and recognizing Palestine as a full UN member. Mr. President, while we hope this war has ended, the crimes committed over the past 15 months must not go unpunished. Collective punishment, civilian deaths, and attacks on humanitarian workers cannot be met with impunity. Turkey has formally submitted its declaration of intervention under Article 63 of the International Court of Justice and co-sponsored the resolution presented by Norway seeking the Court's advisory opinion on the occupying power's responsibilities. We remain steadfast in our support for the Court's efforts. Mr. President, the war in Gaza has shaken the law-based international system and highlighted the importance of adhering to international law and humanitarian principles. Peace negotiations must commence immediately to establish an independent state of Palestine. Only by addressing root causes can we ensure an end to suffering and create conditions for a lasting and comprehensive peace in the Middle East. We call on, therefore, the Security Council to assume its responsibilities to this end. My country will continue to support efforts towards this end and continue to stand with the Palestinian people. I thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:18:56]:

Of Turkey. And I now give the floor to the representative of the United Arab Emirates.


United Arab Emirates [1:19:06]:

Mr. President, I'd like to begin by commending Algeria for its leadership of the presidency of the Council this month, and by thanking Minister Attaf for presiding over the meeting this morning. As this is the first time I address the Security Council this year, I take this opportunity to welcome the new Council members Denmark, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, and Somalia. And I congratulate the Council members that recently completed their terms Ecuador, Japan, Malta, Mozambique, and Switzerland for their commendable service over the previous two years. I also thank Secretary General Guterres for his statement. and welcome his appointment of Under-Secretary-General Sigrid Kaag as Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process. Mr. President, after 15 months of devastation and destruction, we now come to this Council with profound hope. Hope that this horrific period of violence comes to a permanent end. The ceasefire is an important first step on the long road to peace and recovery for the wider region, one that ends the cycles of violence once and for all. Today, I would like to highlight three points that are key to paving the way to a more peaceful future. First, we need the full implementation of the ceasefire agreement. The United Arab Emirates welcomes the ceasefire and the release of detainees, hostages, and captives. We commend Egypt, Qatar, and the United States for their persistent commitment to finding a diplomatic solution. It is a reminder that solutions are not forged in the fires of war, but at the negotiating table. Second, humanitarian aid must be scaled up and delivered immediately. We welcome the first delivery of humanitarian aid following the ceasefire and urge that aid is delivered throughout Gaza at an accelerated pace. The UAE has been a steadfast supporter of humanitarian efforts in Gaza over the past 15 months, and we are working closely with UN partners to scale up aid to reach all those in need. Facilitating the entry of commercial goods into Gaza will also be critical for sustaining livelihoods and rebuilding stability. The entry and distribution of aid must be secure. Any attempts to obstruct its entry and all attacks on humanitarian workers are unacceptable. International law must be respected. This is particularly important as we inch closer to the date that the Knesset's laws on UNRWA are slated to come into effect. This would effectively prohibit UNRWA's essential work within the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, and undermine the humanitarian response during the ceasefire. Lastly, we address the immediate we lastly, while we address the immediate needs of today, it is essential that we also lay the groundwork for tomorrow. We must accelerate our efforts towards achieving advancing the two-state solution and establishing an independent and sovereign Palestinian state, a state that lives free from the indignities of illegal occupation, a state that unifies the occupied Palestinian territory, including East Jerusalem, under a reformed Palestinian Authority, a state that thrives in peace, prosperity, and security, living side by side with Israel. After 471 days, it has never been clearer that this is the only path to lasting peace between Palestine and Israel. The status quo was and remains untenable. Today, we have a rare opportunity to move forward, not backwards. Our next steps can define whether we return to the circumstances that led to the horrific violence perpetrated on October 7th and the death, destruction, and dehumanization that followed. Or they can enable us to fundamentally reshape the trajectory of the region's most protracted conflict towards a just and lasting peace. We must make sure it is the latter. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:23:17]:

I thank the representative of the United Arab Emirates for his statement. And finally, I'll give the floor to His Excellency, Mr. Flavros Lambrinidis, head of the European Union delegation to the United Nations. You have the floor, sir.


EU · EU · Head of Delegation [1:23:40]:

Thank you, Mr. President. I have the honor to speak on behalf of the European Union and its member states, the candidate countries, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Albania, the Republic of Moldova, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, align themselves with this statement. The European Union, Mr. President, welcomes the ceasefire agreement between Israel and Lebanon following the mediation efforts undertaken, in particular, by France and the United States. It urges the parties to implement the ceasefire as agreed and calls for the full and symmetric implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701. The EU recalls, in that context, the fundamental stabilization role of UNIFIL in southern Lebanon. We will continue to support the Lebanese state's sovereignty, territorial integrity, and state-building efforts, including by contributing to the strengthening of the Lebanese armed forces. The EU also warmly welcomes the election of Lebanese President Joseph Aoun and the designation of Nawaf Salam as prime minister. Following the fall of Assad's criminal regime in Syria, The European Union reiterates the historic opportunity to reunite and rebuild the country, restore justice, and ensure accountability, and underlines the importance of an inclusive and Syrian-led, Syrian-owned political process that meets the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people, in line with the core principles of UN Security Council Resolution 2254. We underline the need to address the severe and continuing humanitarian needs of the Syrian people, and to ensure respect for human rights, including women's rights, nonsectarian governance, and the protection of members of all religious and ethnic minorities, and to safeguard Syria's cultural heritage. We call on all parties to preserve national unity and ensure the protection of all civilians and the provision of public services, as well as the creation of conditions for an inclusive and peaceful political transition and for the safe, voluntary, and dignified return of Syrian refugees as defined by the UNHCR. The EU also emphasizes the importance of the fight against terrorism, of preventing the re-emergence of terrorist groups, and of destroying Syria's remaining chemical weapons stockpiles with the assistance of the OPCW. The EU has started discussions on its sanctions on Syria to adjust them in light of the ongoing developments. Dear colleagues, Mr. President, The EU warmly welcomes the ceasefire agreement in Gaza, which will allow for the phased release of the hostages and ease the humanitarian suffering in Gaza, ending those terrible ordeals. It is vital that the deal is fully implemented. We extend our gratitude to the US, Egypt, and Qatar for their efforts in negotiating the ceasefire. This is a significant achievement which should have positive repercussions across the Middle East. The EU deplores the unacceptable number of civilian casualties, especially women and children in Gaza and the West Bank, and the catastrophic levels of hunger and imminent risk of famine caused by the insufficient entry of aid into Gaza. It also recalls the need to fully implement the International Court of Justice orders. The EU expresses its deep concern over the consequences of the Israeli legislation adopted on 28 October 2024 on UNRWA's capacity to operate its mandate. The EU stresses again the essential role of UNRWA. Continued implementation of the UNRWA Action Plan is key, including the implementation of the Colonna Report. It is essential that UNRWA can continue carrying out its crucial work. The EU strongly condemns the further escalation in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, following increased terrorist attacks, settler violence, the expansion of illegal settlements, and Israel's military operation. The EU calls for safe access to the holy sites and for the status quo to be upheld. We reiterate our commitment to international law and to a comprehensive, just, and lasting peace based on the two-state solution, as so many others have in this room today, in accordance with relevant UN Security Council resolutions, with two democratic states, Israel and Palestine, live side by side in peace within secure and recognized borders. The EU is ready to contribute to all efforts towards this solution and calls on all parties to refrain from actions that undermine its viability. The European Union will continue supporting the Palestinian Authority to help it address its most pressing needs. build institutional capacities, and implement its reform agenda. As part of the EU's longstanding commitment to support Palestinians in need and in light of the latest developments in the region, the EU last week announced a new humanitarian aid package for Gaza worth 120 million. We welcome the international conference, which will be co-chaired by France and Saudi Arabia in New York next June. Finally, Mr. President, on the situation in Yemen and the Red Sea, The EU reiterates its firm support for UN-led peace efforts in Yemen and urges all parties, and especially the Houthis, to show restraint, to lower tensions, to engage constructively and meaningfully with UN Special Envoy Klintberg towards a lasting peace and the implementation of the UN Roadmap. The EU continues to support the Government of Yemen in its efforts to advance on reforms and to progress towards stability in the country. We condemn the destabilizing actions throughout the Middle East by Iran and its proxies, including through terrorists and armed groups. The EU defensive maritime operation, EASPEDIS, maintains its operational tempo to ensure freedom of navigation and the protection of commercial ships in the Red Sea. The EU also remains the key contributor to the United Nations Verification and Inspection Mechanism for Yemen. Finally, Mr. President, we strongly condemn the detentions by Houthis of UN personnel and staff working for non-governmental organizations and diplomatic missions in Yemen, and renew the urgent call for the immediate and unconditional release of all those detained. Thank you, Mr. President. The full statement can be found online.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:30:19]:

I thank His Excellency, Mr. Lambrinidis for his statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Belgium.


Belgium [1:30:35]:

At the outset, Mr. President, I would like to congratulate you on your presidency on the Council in January. We also congratulate new members of the Council on their respective terms. President, Belgium would like to associate itself with the statement delivered by the EU. We will make the following remarks in a national capacity. Belgium welcomes the ceasefire and the release of hostages agreed upon by Hamas and Israel. We congratulate the US, Egypt, and Qatar for their unwavering commitment to facilitating the signing thereof. We welcome the first steps taken over the weekend to implement said agreement. Following 15 months of suffering and destruction, this agreement should put an end to this insufferable situation by allowing the definitive cessation of hostilities, the release of all hostages, and access to and distribution of humanitarian aid that can meet the needs of Gaza's civilian population. Belgium would now like to call on all parties to guarantee the full implementation of the agreement and invites the Security Council to endorse it so that we can begin sketching out the contours of the day after, as well as a peace plan embodying the two-state solution. Indeed, a key step has been taken, but it's only a step and it is very fragile. Now we must lock this step in and sketch out a political horizon that would allow for the advent of a comprehensive, just and lasting peace, at the same time mobilizing energies for rebuilding Gaza.

Palestinian Authority, let us work collectively to put an end to the negative trends on the ground that still stand in the way of peace, namely the ability of groups such as Hamas to launch terrorist attacks against Israel and more generally the unlawful use of violence by Israeli or Palestinian individuals or entities, the spread of ideologies of hatred and dehumanization, illegal Israeli settlements and presence in the occupied Palestinian territory. We call on Israel to implement the ICJ advisory opinion in this regard.

Let us redouble our efforts so as to take irreversible steps allowing for the advent of a two-state solution. A number of Israel's partners and partners of the Palestinian Authority, including Belgium, are already working on this. both within the framework of the Global Alliance for the Two-State Solution, as well as through the international conference that will be taking place in June, co-chaired by France and Saudi Arabia. Let us also lend our backing to initiatives which guarantee accountability. International law and international humanitarian law cannot be applied selectively, as this runs the risk of weakening them in their entirety.

For Palestinian refugees, Let us protect the mandate of UNRWA, whose action is essential. UNRWA must be able to continue working, strengthened by the recommendations of the Colonna Report. The implementation of the Knesset laws in violation of Israel's obligations under international law represents a disastrous precedent for the multilateral system. Belgium welcomes the Secretary-General's letter of January 8 in reaction to the current situation and associates itself with the Secretary-General's considerations. Monsieur le President.

President, let's make sure that the regional trend, which is fragile but still instills hope, a trend which has emerged in Lebanon and in Syria, for it to also apply to the question of Palestine. Let us seize this opportunity to break this vicious cycle of perpetual conflict by giving peace, justice, and reconciliation a real chance. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:34:31]:

I thank the representative of Belgium for her statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Brazil.


Brazil [1:34:45]:

Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. President, Brazil commends the Algerian presidency for convening this timely debate and warmly welcomes the entry into force of the ceasefire in Gaza. We strongly call on the parties involved to respect its terms and to guarantee a permanent cessation of hostilities, the release of all hostages, and the unimpeded entry of humanitarian aid into Gaza. This is a fundamental step to halt the cycle of violence in Gaza, to provide the much needed humanitarian assistance, and to lay the ground for the reconstruction of that territory. As the leading organization supporting Palestinian refugees, UNRWA provides humanitarian assistance and essential services, such as healthcare and education. We must ensure that UNRWA can perform its irreplaceable work without obstruction. Preserving the invaluable mandate of UNRWA is critical to the successful implementation of the deal. We also call on the parties to fully implement the terms of the agreement, a first step towards a comprehensive settlement of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The withdrawal of Israel from the occupied Palestinian territory, as determined by the General Assembly last September upon the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice, is a precondition to achieve sustainable peace and long-term prosperity in the Middle East. There are no alternatives. History has shown it. Annexation of the occupied land and the segregation of stateless Palestinians are neither acceptable nor sustainable options. The present status quo has led to a perpetual state of active or latent belligerency. The international community has not been able to guarantee the protection of the human rights of the Palestinian people, including their self-determination, and to ensure peace for the entire region. This should be at the starting point of the upcoming high-level international conference on the peaceful settlement of the question of Palestine and the implementation of the two-state solution next June. Brazil is ready to engage constructively in the conference. In the lead-up to it and beyond, we look forward to examining proposals and acting upon them in order to comply with the relevant UN resolutions on the question of Palestine, including resolution ES-10/24, and to advance on the implementation of the conclusions of the International Court of Justice on the issue. Colleagues. The achievement of a ceasefire will not efface the consequences of a ruthless and cruel campaign waged against the Palestinian people for more than a year. Over 46,000 dead, mostly women and children. Other tens of thousands maimed, seriously wounded, or unaccounted for. Whole families taking no active part in hostilities wiped out. Hundreds of journalists, medical and humanitarian workers prevented from working, targeted, and killed. Civilian infrastructure, including healthcare and schools, destroyed. At least 1.9 million people across the Gaza Strip forcibly displaced. International humanitarian law ignored and grossly violated. That cannot go unaccounted for, be forgotten, or be repeated. Making justice is imperative to prevent such horrors from happening again in Gaza and elsewhere. Bereaved Israelis and Palestinians will need to learn to coexist, if not today, tomorrow, in this future of peace they all deserve. As we look ahead, cautiously hopeful that the ceasefire now in place and especially the conference in June will start an irreversible path towards sustainable peace in the Middle East, Brazil reaffirms its willingness to contribute to the two-state solution with an independent and viable state of Palestine living side by side with Israel in peace and security within the 1967 borders, which include the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, with East Jerusalem as its capital. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:39:01]:

I thank the representative of Brazil for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Cuba.


Cuba [1:39:11]:

Thank you very much, Mr. President. Mr. President, we welcome the presence this morning of the Minister of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs, National Community Abroad, and African Affairs of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, His Excellency Ahmed Ataf, as President of the Security Council. We support the statements by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the UN Charter, and Senegal in its capacity as chair of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People. The situation in the Middle East is becoming increasingly worrying. Despite the international call for an end to the crimes against humanity, collective punishment, apartheid, and genocide perpetrated against the Palestinians by the occupying power, Israel, We continue to hear at Security Council meetings how the number of persons killed and wounded in Gaza is rising alarmingly, while Israeli colonization settlement practices continue in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. The humanitarian situation is deteriorating daily with Israel's indiscriminate attacks and violence in the occupied territories. Cuba strongly condemns the recent Israeli offensive against the health system in the Gaza Strip. the ongoing killings and constant shelling against the civilian population, the destruction of civilian infrastructure, and the deprivation and loss of basic services in flagrant violation of IHL. At the same time, we hope that the ceasefire agreement, announced after 15 months of brutal genocide by the Israeli occupying power against the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, will be respected in its three phases. allow for the arrival of sufficient aid to face the unprecedented humanitarian crisis, and provide a new opportunity for the resolution of this long conflict. We support the immediate admission of Palestine as a member state of the UN, a key step in correcting the historic injustice against the Palestinian people and moving towards a final resolution of the conflict. A comprehensive, just, and lasting solution based on the creation of two states that allows the Palestinian people to exercise their right to self-determination and to have a free, independent, and sovereign state within the pre-1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital, including the right of return of refugees, is essential in order to achieve peace and stability in the region. President, Israeli aggression is expanding in the Middle East region with total impunity. At the same time, Israel continues to deliberately attack UN workers and threaten UNRWA's humanitarian work without any consequences for these acts. Under the false pretext of self-defense, with the unconditional political, military, and financial support of the United States and the complicity of its allies, Israel indiscriminately bombs Yemen, illegally usurps territories of the Syrian Arab Republic, violates the ceasefire in Lebanon, and threatens the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Security Council's inaction in the face of Israel's threats to international peace and security is untenable. We urge this body to enforce its own resolutions on the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question, without further delay. Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the nations of the Middle East without external interference and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state are essential for the achievement of peace in this region. Every minute of impunity, passivity, and silence will cost more innocent lives. It is time for the South to act with unity and determination. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:43:18]:

I thank the representative of Cuba for his statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Lebanon.


Lebanon [1:43:39]:

Mr. President. Allow me at the outset to thank the sisterly country of Algeria for convening this open debate regarding the situation in the Middle East, including the Palestinian question. I welcome His Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Algeria, Ahmed Ait-Tob, who presided over this debate, and I thank the Secretary-General for his briefing. Mr. President, this regular open debate regarding the situation of the Middle East comes and is different from the previous one. The situation in the region has shifted and changed, which was described by His Excellency, the President of Lebanon, General Joseph Aoun, in his inauguration speech. He described it as a Middle East earthquake that saw coalitions cracking and regimes falling. Since the last debate we had, there were drastic changes in Lebanon. After two years of institutional vacuum, Lebanon elected His Excellency Joseph Aoun as president of Lebanon on the 9th of January, and Judge Nawaf Salam was designated as the prime minister to form a government, a government he promised would fulfill the aspirations of Lebanese in change and to build the state that is deserved by all the Palestinian Lebanese people. Sorry. The efforts focus now on forming this new government. The visit of the UN Secretary General, Mr. Antonio Guterres, and the visits of the President of France, Mr. Emmanuel Macron, and of Cyprus, Mr. Nikos Christodoulides, to Lebanon, and many other delegations came to support this momentum, the long-awaited momentum that was achieved. Mr. President, as we meet today one week before the 60-day deadline that was agreed upon in the announcement of cessation of hostilities and related commitments on enhanced security arrangements and towards implementation of Security Council Resolution 1701. We would like to reiterate our commitment to this announcement and for Israel to respect its obligations accordingly and other relevant international resolutions, particularly Resolution 1701. Lebanon reiterates that the ongoing Israeli land and air violations, particularly the bombing of houses and the destruction of border villages, comes in full contradiction of the announcement and is a continued violation of the Lebanese sovereignty and the will of the international community. Lebanon reiterates the need for Israel to withdraw from all the occupied Lebanese territories without delay within the framework of the 60-day deadline. There will be no security nor stability without that and without respecting the sovereignty of Lebanon, its territorial integrity within the internationally recognized borders. Lebanon reiterates that the Lebanese army will continue its deployment in the southern villages and work on enhancing its positions and securing important points in coordination with UNIFIL and the five-partite committee that oversees the implementation of the announcement of the cessation of hostilities. Lebanon has repeatedly reiterated through the Lebanese army its capacity and readiness to deploy in the south and fulfill its all obligations according to the Lebanon commends the resilience of UNIFIL members in the face of attacks against their sites and reiterates the full coordination between UNIFIL and the Lebanese Army. Mr. President, in terms of Gaza, Lebanon welcomes the fact that the ceasefire agreement came into effect yesterday. to turn this bloody page of the history of the Palestinian people, who have suffered tremendously. We hope that the ceasefire is sustainable and that Israel is genuinely committed to its implementation, because we are used to Israel evading its obligations and rejecting international resolutions. If you look at the attacks and the violations in southern Lebanon and violations of the announcement of cessation of hostilities, is it proof to that? Lebanon commends the tremendous efforts by mediators, the U.S., Qatar, and Egypt to conclude this agreement. Lebanon looks forward that this agreement will pave the way towards a final, just solution of the Palestinian question on the basis of relevant UN resolutions and the Arab Peace Initiative in Beirut in 2002, and the independence of the State of Palestine on the 4th of June 1967 borders, ending the Israeli occupation of the occupied Arab territories resolve the question of Palestinian refugees and their return to their country. We look forward to the convening of the high-level international conference in order to -- for the peaceful settlement of the Palestinian question and the implementation of the two-state solution to be co-chaired by Saudi Arabia and France and scheduled to take place in New York in June. Mr. President, given these accelerating regional changes around us, Lebanon stresses the importance of the developments in Syria and their repercussions on the Middle East in general and Lebanon in particular. We believe this is a historic opportunity to address all pending matters between the two countries, particularly in terms of border control and prevent the infiltration of individuals illegally. We accord special attention to the file of the missing and the Syrian displaced individuals. And this is a question that has existential repercussions to Lebanon, and there is a need to cooperate to address this crisis and for the Syrians to return to their country. Mr. President, despite the wars, the interferences, the aggression, Lebanon remained as it is, a country that is standing fast, that is resilient, that is proud, like the cedars in the face of the winds, that has deep roots despite the storms. We have the hope and the determination to rebuild what was destroyed and to work on charting a new path towards a better future. We are working consistently towards a new phase in our history. We are in need of all the support from the international community and the UN. The region as a whole is going through unprecedented conditions. This gives us an opportunity that we should not miss. It is a very important moment that requires genuine efforts to establish sustainable stability and to support the countries of the region to achieve prosperity and welfare that is well deserved by all the people. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:51:08]:

I thank the representative of Lebanon for her statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of the Syrian Arab Republic.


Syrian Arab Republic [1:51:32]:

Thank you, Mr. President. We thank you for your efforts and for your able and successful leadership of the Council's work this month. We welcome the presence of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Algeria, His Excellency Minister Ahmed Attaf, and we thank him for presiding over this important meeting. Mr. President, our region is witnessing major political transformation that will have repercussions on the countries of the region for decades to come. After Syrians have established a new historic phase in their lives and started working on a better future for their homeland, Lebanese elected a new president for the country and designated a prime minister in a step that we hope will bode good news, welfare, and stability to the brotherly country of Lebanon and its people. Attention is focused on the Palestinian people who suffered and continue to suffer as a result of the prolonged Israeli occupation for decades and the brutal crimes that the international community has witnessed successively over the past 15 months. These were not limited to killing or systematic destruction, forced displacement, attacks on hospitals, schools, worship places. medical teams, journalists, as well as other grave violations of international law and international humanitarian law. These attacks also targeted a UN organization and humanitarian organizations working in Gaza and their personnel and workers. With the conclusion of the ceasefire agreement that the UN members have waited for more than one year, And intensive efforts were made inside this Council and outside in order to see this agreement. We hope that this agreement will bring back safety and security for the Palestinian people, and that it is completed with a path that guarantees for the Palestinian people their legitimate rights and the right to self-determination, the establishment of their independent, sovereign state, and their full membership at the UN. We should commend the Egyptian and Qatari mediation efforts to conclude this agreement. We reiterate our support to UNRWA and express our rejection of the Israeli occupation practices aiming at undermining UNRWA, including the issuing and the passing of laws that contradict the mandate of UNRWA, that are based on General Assembly resolutions and the UN agreement on privileges and immunities for the UN and its specialized agencies. Syria calls upon the international community to support UNRWA and allow it to continue undertaking its mandate to help Palestinians inside their country and in hosting countries, including in Syria. Mr. President, Syria rejects and refuses the sharing and the promotion by some official Israeli accounts of what they describe as the historic map of Israel that shows parts of Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and the West Bank as part of its alleged borders. Syria reiterates that the sharing and publication of similar maps will not contribute to peace and stability aspired for by the peoples in the region. but rather reflects the intentions of the Israeli occupation authorities to continue its occupation and its hostile approach and violation of international laws and conventions, Mr. President. As the Syrian people were celebrating the victory of their revolution, the Israeli occupation forces, and starting as of the 1st of December, started violating the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Syria by trespassing the lines of the separation zone and incursions in large areas of the Syrian territories in Jabal al-Shaykh in al-Quneitra Governorate and surrounding areas, up to the Rif Dimashq, rural Damascus Governorate, and Daraa Governorate. This military incursion coincided with hundreds of airstrikes on several civilian, military, scientific centers and infrastructure owned by the Syrian people. Israeli occupation vehicles placed dirt mounds and bulldozed lands and destroyed infrastructure for essential services. They also attacked the residents of Syrian towns and villages, confiscated their properties, and forced several of them to move. In latent violation of the disengagement agreement and the relevant UN Security resolutions. This requires condemnation and the swift action by the Security Council to end these Israeli actions immediately and without any conditions. Syria rejects categorically all allegations of the Israeli occupation authorities to justify their violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Syrian territories. Mr. President, the new Syrian administration has reiterated that Syria will adopt a policy that will contribute to achieving stability and prosperity in the region, that it does not intend to engage in any new conflicts. However, this does not mean in any way or form that we will abandon our fundamental rights to the occupied Syrian Golan or to accept the Israeli attempts to consolidate new occupation on the Syrian territories. Syria calls upon the Security Council to ensure that Israel withdraw from the lands in which they carried incursions recently and to stop its aggressions against the residents and our people in the occupied Syrian Golan. We reiterate the need to end the Israeli occupation of the occupied Syrian Golan since 1967 and to recover the Golan fully through the implementation of relevant UN resolutions, particularly resolutions 242, 338, and 497. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [1:58:30]:

I thank represent the representative of the Syrian Arab Republic for his statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Kuwait.


Kuwait · GCC [1:58:52]:

Thank you, President.

In the name of God, most merciful, most benevolent. Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, May the peace and blessings of God be upon you. It is an honor for me to deliver the statement on behalf of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, the UAE, the Kingdom of Bahrain, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Qatar, and my own country, the State of Kuwait. We stand in solidarity with the statement delivered by the Arab Group. In fact, delivered on behalf of the group by the representative of the sister delegation, the Arab Republic of Egypt. We commend you on your presidency of the Security Council. We wish you every success as you steer the Council's work. We also wish to thank the Secretary-General for his briefing this morning. The Gulf Cooperation Council, the GCC countries, welcome the statement issued on the 15th of January regarding the ceasefire agreed, thanks to the U.S., Egypt, and Qatar. This ceasefire in Gaza, as well as the release of hostages and the return of lasting peace and the delivery of humanitarian assistance to our brothers in Palestine, was what agreed. We would like to hail the mediators, that is, the brother state of Qatar, working together with the Arab Republic of Egypt, our sister country, and the United States. Their efforts were geared towards implementing the peace agreement in a comprehensive fashion throughout all of its phases, as well as to ensure the delivery of humanitarian assistance and for Israel to uphold all of its obligations on this front. The ministerial council, which met as part of the Arab League Council, an extraordinary session, the objective being to stop Israel's attacks. That meeting was very important. The disorder resulting from the actions of the Israeli regime placed in danger the security of the region. International law was violated. The international community must stand on the side of the law. ruling against these practices which endanger the law in the region as well as the people living therein. We believe it's important to take vital and serious measures so as to uphold peace and security in the region in keeping with international law. Our Council vigorously condemns the attacks on Gaza, on civilians, as well as forced displacement. As a matter of principle, we stand side by side with our brother people, the Palestinians, both in the Gaza Strip and other areas. It is vital to lift the blockade so as to offer Palestinians some reprieve and to ensure that all humanitarian assistance and humanitarian aid is delivered to Palestinians. The GCC would therefore like to emphasize that responsibility for this rests squarely on Israel's shoulders. It is responsible for repeated attacks on civilians, which have resulted in over 45,000 deaths, most of them among women and children. These are war crimes and crimes against humanity under international humanitarian law. The Council, the GCC that is, welcomes the 21st November 2024 judgment issued by the International Criminal Court. Mr. President, the unprecedented practices of this rogue state, Israel, requires for the international community to stand in solidarity to put an end to these actions which are being undertaken in impunity and under conditions of impunity. Impunity undermines justice. What we saw adopted in the Israeli Knesset, that is the laws prohibiting UNRWA to conduct its work in occupied territory, is the direct outcome of the absence of accountability, or rather the impunity the regime in Israel is enjoying, which is encouraging Israel, in fact, to continue violating laws and customs for over a year now. Article 95 of the Charter must apply. Thus, we would like to submit to the international community that the occupying powers' dream of dismantling UNRWA is not a new dream. It is a long-standing strategy wrought by extremists with a view to putting an end to the rights of our Palestinian brothers to return to their territories currently under occupation. Let it be made clear to each and every one of you that the desire for the destruction of UNRWA is an Israeli design geared towards breaking the dreams of the Palestinian people and undermining their future, as well as breaking the will of the international community to set up two States. UNRWA is and will always remain one of the crowning achievements of the United Nations. It is the very basis of the UN humanitarian response, the backbone of its response in occupied territory. We must underscore altogether the significance of UNRWA's role as the bedrock of regional stability, which guarantees Palestinians the ability to exercise their right to life, women and children, and guaranteeing their ability to access services. Actions geared towards destroying the agency will have very serious consequences. We'd like to extend our condolences to Mr. Antonio Guterres, the Secretary General, and Mr. Philippe Lazzarini, the UNRWA Secretary General, as well as to the families of the 233 UNRWA employees who lost their lives owing to the barbaric actions of the occupying power. and the ferocious bombing it engaged in in the Gaza Strip. There were countless other attacks on Palestinian territory as well. On this note, we call for the necessary protections to be afforded to humanitarian workers. We reject all attempts to undermine UNRWA's mandate or to change its functions, as well as to target its personnel. We call on the international community for UNRWA to be able to continue its operations and for it to be provided with financial and material support until the very last Palestinian refugee returns to his or her homeland. Mr. President, in the coming days, the unacceptable laws adopted by the Israeli Knesset targeting UNRWA's activities will enter into force. 123 Member States of the United Nations have signed a declaration in support of UNRWA. In other words, two-thirds of the UN's membership, in addition to high-ranking UN officials, who see the destruction of UNRWA as being very dangerous. The others think that these laws are a victory. Yet all member states of the United Nations regardless of their different ethnic or religious characteristics, are speaking in unison. The actions of the occupying power against UNRWA set a dangerous precedent. Despite this, paralysis is prevailing in the Security Council. There are divisions of a geopolitical nature. and these divisions are the driving factor, the factor driving the Council's decisions. Despite paralysis, the paralysis of the Security Council, we'd like to applaud those member states which turned their energies to the General Assembly, a body which brings together all member states. Norway launched a very laudable initiative. the end being for the General Assembly to request recourse to the ICJ for an opinion on the actions of Israel and third-party States providing humanitarian assistance to the Palestinian people. We commend our friends, the Republic of Turkey, as well as other States, who sent letters to the Secretary-General, to the President of the General Assembly, and to the President of the Security Council back in October so as to put an end to arms transfers to Israel. This compels me to raise another important issue. If peace and security are first and foremost the responsibility of the Security Council, given paralysis on the Council, and given the fact that the Security Council is not shouldering its primary responsibility, instead imposing a policy of double standards vis-a-vis certain delegations, perhaps it is up to the General Assembly to shoulder this responsibility and to move from words to deeds so as to achieve lasting and just peace as a whole. What's more is, we would like to insist on the advisory opinion of the ICJ, the International Court of Justice, issued last year on Israeli practices in occupied Palestinian territory, including in Al-Quds Ashraf Reef. This advisory opinion handed down by the court, by the ICJ, was issued in response to a request put forward by the General Assembly in December 2022. The court's opinion lifted all ambiguity all doubt, all erroneous ideas which had been promoted by some. This legal position taken by the court is clear-cut, it's unequivocal. It refers to the law which states that the occupying power is duty-bound to put an end to its occupation, ongoing since 1967, and it must do so immediately, putting an end also to arbitrary practices vis-a-vis Palestinian people in the occupied territory, to return their property to them, and also to provide compensation for the harm done owing to Illegal Israeli practices, genocide and ethnic cleansing, as well as forced displacement, were not only reserved for the Palestinian people. In schools, mosques, universities, churches, and when it comes to basic infrastructure, housing and civilian infrastructure, they also applied. Journalists and UN employees were targeted in the Gaza Strip. We therefore call for the Security Council to implement its resolutions 2735, 2720 and 2712, which refer to the return of Palestinians to their homes, the distribution of humanitarian assistance in sufficient quantities and the withdrawal of Israel from the Gaza Strip. The Gulf Cooperation Council would like to request for your august Assembly, this Security Council, to adopt a resolution under Chapter VII of the Charter, a binding resolution, that would enshrine the ceasefire and put an end to the forced displacement of Palestinians to ensure that they can resume their daily lives in Gaza. Mr. President, by way of conclusion, the Gulf Cooperation Council would like to highlight its principled position and unswerving, firm position, that is, we stand with the Palestinian people. This is also related to the fact that if we want peace and security, the Palestinian question must be settled on the basis of an independent sovereign state being established with East Jerusalem as its capital within the borders of the 4th of June, 1967, in accordance with what was agreed and endorsed by relevant international resolutions, including those of the Security Council. as well as the Arab Peace Initiative adopted in the year 2000. We are in favor of a comprehensive plan for the Palestinian Authority to be reinvigorated in the Gaza Strip. Any solution for the future of Gaza must fall within the framework of a Palestinian state that is united, as well as with a clear path towards the implementation of a two-state solution being adopted. We hope that an international conference will be held at a high level, aiming at peace and the implementation of the two-state solution. Such a conference will, in fact, be held in June under General Assembly auspices, with the Republic of France and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia chairing that event. We also would like to ask for high-level participation at this conference. I thank you for your kind attention, Mr. President. Thank you for speaking at length.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:14:19]:

For his statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Poland.


Poland [2:14:26]:

Mr. President, I would like to start by thanking Algerian presidency for convening this meeting and Secretary-General Antonio Guterres for his comprehensive briefing. Allow me to briefly touch upon issues that Poland deems to utmost importance and urgency concerning situation in the Middle East. First, the protection of civilians must be prioritized. International humanitarian law must be upheld under any circumstances, shall not be violated. Thus, we look forward to the full implementation of the recent ceasefire agreement in Gaza. We hope that it will lead to the release of all hostages and improvement of humanitarian conditions of the Palestinians in Gaza. We commend Egypt, Qatar, and the United States for their diplomatic efforts and urge all parties to resolve their differences with goodwill and through dialogue. In this context, we would like to emphasize that in the long-term perspective, a sustainable roadmap to the two-state solution is essential so that stability and lasting peace can be achieved in the region. Poland is committed to the escalation in the Middle East and in the Gulf, recognizing that support for non-state actors fuels further instability. Furthermore, we call on Iran to immediately cease its transfers of weaponry to Russia, which pose a threat to the broader European security. With regard to the rebuilding of the post-Assad Syria, we must pursue the Syrian-led political process that respects the people's aspiration and adheres to international law. Protecting human rights, including those of women and minorities, is critical for the stable future. Mr. President, on the top of Poland's financial support for the region in 2024, we provided humanitarian assistance worth almost $10 million to the countries in the Middle East, Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria, many through the UN agencies, UNRWA, WFP, UNMAS, UNHCR, UNESCO, and UNICEF. In addition, we assisted the region through Polish aid projects implemented by the Polish NGOs, Polish Embassy's representative office and the Polish military contingent of UNIFIL mission. Palestine is at the top of Poland's official development assistance priority countries. Our efforts concentrate on ensuring access to healthcare and improving its quality, human capital development and entrepreneurship. In 2024, Poland contributed approximately more than 2 million US dollars to UNRWA alone. In this regard, Poland remains deeply concerned about the prospects of the immediate implementation of the Knesset bills affecting UNRWA, as there is no viable alternative to the agency in Gaza. We call on all UN members to uphold UNRWA's mandate. Mr. President, the stakes continue to be high, since the fragility of the situation in the Middle East remains significant. People who have already suffered through so much urgently need and deserve lasting peace and stability. As tensions rise, The international community must act responsibly to confront these challenges, as inaction could have far-reaching and severe consequences. And I thank you for your attention.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:17:26]:

I thank the representative of Poland for his statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Peru.


Peru [2:17:39]:

Thank you very much, Mr. President. I'd like to begin by saying that my country is very pleased with the ceasefire agreement in the Gaza Strip and the release of hostages, as well as the resumption of aid in order to alleviate the humanitarian situation. We acknowledge and welcome the valuable mediation efforts by the governments of Qatar, the United States, and Egypt. At the same time, I can say that we are very pleased with the recent release of three Israeli hostages. This is particularly important in a context of increased hostilities on a number of fronts throughout the Middle East and the threat that this poses for international peace and security. Within the context of a prolonged conflict, Peru trusts that This progress will lead to a sustainable process of rebuilding in Gaza and the safe and dignified return of millions of Palestinians forced to leave their homes. Having said that, we support the Secretary-General's appeal made at this meeting to have the decisive support for any effort aimed at ensuring that rebuilding. With the start of this agreement and based on the commitment of the parties and the work of the mediating countries, this is a crucial phase towards the much hoped for reduction in tension and the alleviation of humanitarian crises in the region. In this context, Peru reiterates the importance of guaranteeing the essential humanitarian work done by UNRWA in the Middle East, and therefore we firmly reject any action which would hamper its full operational capacity. As the Secretary-General has indicated in his letters directed to the Presidents of the General Assembly and the Security Council in December of 2024 and January of 2025, the work of this agency is the backbone for any humanitarian response in Gaza. It is not possible to replace its role in providing essential assistance to Palestinians. In that regard, Peru supports the position expressed by this Council in its press release on 30 October 2024 regarding respect for international humanitarian law and the protection of United Nations facilities and personnel. At the same time, while respecting the principle of neutrality, Peru also supports the internal investigation into the work of the Agency, as well as the possible adoption of corrective measures, if needed. While the agreement reached is an important step forward, The humanitarian situation has worsened considerably in the Gaza Strip, and this requires the mobilization of the international community in order to comprehensively address the alarming levels of food insecurity and the shortages in essential services, particularly for the most vulnerable people. As pointed out by Secretary-General Guterres yesterday, we agree that it is crucial for this ceasefire to remove the main political and security obstacles which are hampering the arrival of aid aimed at mitigating the pressing needs of the Palestinian civilian population. Mr. President, the situation in the Middle East is extremely complex, and a long-term solution requires significant political decisions in order to meet the commitments we have undertaken. Among other essential elements, this means the two-state solution must be implemented in accordance with international law and the relevant UN resolutions, particularly the resolutions of this Council and the decisions of the ICJ, which are binding. The goal is that Palestine and Israel be two sovereign states which coexist in peace with internationally recognized borders, both being full-fledged members of this organization. Finally, Peru urges all Member States to join efforts to bolster dialogue and multilateralism and to decisively support the work of the United Nations as a whole. Only through renewed commitment and joint action will we be able to prevent a repetition of the events which have led us to meet today. And in this way, we would preserve the most noble purpose of this organization, building a more just and peaceful future for all. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:22:55]:

I thank the representative of Peru for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Norway.


Norway [2:23:04]:

Thank you, President. Let me join others in welcoming the long overdue ceasefire agreement in Gaza. We express our sincere gratitude to Qatar, Egypt, and the United States for their tireless efforts to make it happen. It is now crucial that all parties respect all parts of the agreement, that weapons are laid down, that hostages are released, and that enough life-saving aid reaches the people of Gaza. President, the ceasefire agreement is a first important step. Still, even if it holds, it does not provide lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians. The coming three months will be critical for Gaza. Access to Gaza with delivery of assistance and services is essential. Gaza is a part of Palestine and must be governed and rebuilt by the Palestinians under one unified and legitimate Palestinian government. We, the international community, must support the Palestinian government in this endeavour. We need to support the PA in their efforts to reform and streamline governmental services and in building the Palestinian state. Now is the time to expedite our work towards lasting peace between Israelis and Palestinians. Last week, 85 countries and organizations met in Oslo for the third meeting of the Global Alliance for the Implementation of the Two-State Solution to do exactly that. Facilitating the realization of the two-state solution is the only way to bring about peace, stability, and security for Israel, for Palestine, and for the region. President, the war after the terrorist attacks on October 7, 2023, has left Gaza in ruins. In the West Bank and East Jerusalem, Israel military action, ill treatment, and settler violence continue to inflict harm on Palestinian communities. In just a few days, the Knesset legislation preventing UNRWA from working in Palestine is expected to come into effect. If implemented, the laws will effectively cripple the key humanitarian actor in the middle of a humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza. It will jeopardize the provision of crucial services in the West Bank and further increase the risk of regional instability. Norway condemns these laws by the Knesset and urges Israel to repeal them. Just before the end of the year, the General Assembly adopted a resolution which asked the International Court of Justice to clarify Israel's obligations to ensure and facilitate the provision of life-saving humanitarian assistance and basic services to the Palestinian civilian population. The overwhelming support for the resolution sends a clear message that the international community will protect the operations of the UN, of international organizations, and of third states in the occupied Palestinian territory. No country is exempt from its international legal obligations. No country is above the law. If we, the international community, do not stand up against those who deliberately disrespect international law, we are heading down a very dangerous path. We will continue to remind Israel of their obligations under international law, including the provisional measures imposed by the ICJ. President, a new year marks a new beginning. We saw in Syria how quickly the situation may change. The ceasefire in Gaza creates a momentum. In these times of uncertainty, let us act with determination to ensure the respect for international law and prevent further suffering in the region. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:27:31]:

I thank the representative of Norway for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Bangladesh.


Bangladesh [2:27:39]:

Mr. President, we thank the Algerian Presidency for convening this quarterly open debate. Mr. President, first and foremost, we welcome the announcement of the ceasefire agreement. We sincerely hope that this agreement will stop killings and destruction in Gaza. No doubt, it is an immediate relief for the people of Gaza, as well as for the international community who have been continuously demanding an end to the killings and massacre in Gaza since the beginning of the military campaign 15 months ago. In spite of the calls, the genocide, atrocities and mass killings perpetrated by Israel and faced by the Palestinians have created deep wounds for the humanity. The consequences will be carried by the future generations. Mr. President, In the last 15 months, more than 46,000 Palestinians have been killed, of whom 70% are women and children. The people are facing a humanitarian disaster and are in dire need of life-saving assistance. We must resume the humanitarian assistance immediately. In this regard, we emphasize the strengthening of UNRWA, which is the lifeline for the Palestinians. We must also resist any attempt to obstruct its operations. We urge the international community to come up with fresh resources and funding for helping the affected men, women, and children. Mr. President, once again, we would like to refer to the statement of the Secretary-General that the situation did not evolve in a vacuum. In Palestine, the world has been witnessing the genocidal killings, continuation of illegal occupation, and violation of international law for decades. Countless resolutions of the United Nations could not bring an end to the occupation, genocide, and war crimes. We need to take appropriate actions to regain the credibility of this august body. In this regard, we urge the Council to take immediate actions to recommend the admission of Palestine as a full member of the United Nations. Mr. President, As responsible members of the United Nations, we need to ensure accountability of the perpetrators of mass atrocity crimes. We once again referred to the indictment of the International Criminal Court on the war in Gaza and urged the international community to stand beside the ICC and to help implement its rulings. We also call for upholding the verdict of the International Court of Justice. The world will not forgive us if we live with the precedence of non-action after witnessing such a gross violation of human rights and international humanitarian law. Mr. President, we believe that the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Member States is inviolable. In this connection, we condemn the recent Israeli aggression in Lebanon and call for the sustainability of the ceasefire. We also condemn the occupation of Syrian land by Israel after the change of government in Damascus. Israel must end its illegal occupation in Syria. The people of Syria will decide their fate and will bring peace, prosperity, and end of hostility. Mr. President, once again in this Council, we urge all to stop all forms of armed hostilities and violent repression against the Palestinian people and other nations in the region. Bangladesh will continue with its advocacy for establishing an independent, viable, and sovereign state of Palestine with pre-1967 border and with East Jerusalem as its capital. We believe this is the only sustainable solution of crisis in the Middle East. I thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:32:19]:

I thank the representative of Bangladesh for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Vietnam.


Viet Nam [2:32:28]:

Mr. President, I wish to thank you and the Algerian presidency for convening this important open debate. Vietnam aligns itself with the statement delivered by Uganda on behalf of the Non-Aligned Movement. We welcome the ceasefire in Gaza announced on the 15th of January 2025, as well as the arrangements on cessation of hostilities between Israel and Lebanon that have been effective since 26 November last year. These positive developments carry substantial potential for lasting peace in Gaza and the wider region. Vietnam joins other delegations in commending the tireless diplomatic efforts that have brokered this much-anticipated ceasefire, which is a testament to the power of dialogue and diplomacy. Although these remain cautious and concerned about its fragility, the hard-earned truce is expected to put an end to one of the most devastating conflicts of our time. At the same time, it must not be seen as an end in itself, but rather serve as a catalyst for addressing the long-standing issues at the heart of this conflict. In this connection, my delegation wishes to highlight the following points. First, while urging all the parties concerned to fully comply with the ceasefire agreement and exercise utmost restraint to avoid recurrence of violence, Vietnam reiterates its call for strict adherence to international law and the UN Charter, and full respect for the relevant resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly, as well as the relevant provisional measures of the ICJ. Second, in executing and upholding the ceasefire, all parties must ensure the protection of civilians and critical civilian infrastructure, and eventual release of all hostages. We emphasize the importance of ensuring rapid, unimpeded, and uninterrupted delivery of humanitarian aid to the entire territory of Gaza. In this regard, Vietnam reaffirms its unwavering support for and appreciation of the indispensable role played by UNRWA in providing essential services and assistance to the Palestinians in distress. In addition, There should be no delay in addressing the economic and development needs of the people in Gaza. A sustainable peace cannot be built on a foundation of despair. Vietnam supports initiatives aimed at rebuilding Gaza, revitalizing its economy, and creating opportunities for its population, especially the youth. Third, the situation in Gaza cannot be viewed in isolation. It is part of a broader context of instability and tensions that have plagued the Middle East for decades. We must recognize that peace in Gaza and Palestine is deeply interconnected with the wider stability of the Middle East. A just and lasting peace in the Middle East can only be achieved through the realization of the two-state solution, an independent state of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, living side by side in peace and security with the State of Israel. This goal requires the collective will of the international community and the unwavering support of this Council. Mr. President, to conclude, I wish to recall the recent meeting between the President of Vietnam with Professor Riad Marki, special envoy of the Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, three weeks ago in Hanoi, in which the Vietnamese head of state reaffirmed the strong and enduring bonds of friendship between the two peoples and reiterating Vietnam's unwavering solidarity and support for the Palestinian people's aspirations for peace and justice. In that spirit, Vietnam stands ready to join hands with the international community to turn the promise of the latest ceasefire into lasting peace for the people of Palestine, Israel, and the broader region. I thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:36:57]:

I thank the representative of Vietnam for the statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Portugal.


Portugal [2:37:10]:

Since the last open debate, many developments have taken place in the Middle East and even some breakthroughs. Let me start by strongly welcoming a long-awaited and much-needed ceasefire in Gaza. Portugal underlines the importance of the mediators' efforts, namely Qatar, Egypt and the United States, including of the incoming administration. The entry into force of the ceasefire agreement yesterday was vital, and if fully implemented by the parties, it's a beacon of hope for peace and a better future in the region. We also welcome the fact the ceasefire in Lebanon is holding, and the constructive role of the UN, as demonstrated by the remarks of the Secretary-General in his visit to UNIFIL last Friday. The recent presidential election and the nomination of a new prime minister are important steps towards strengthening Lebanese sovereignty and regional stabilization. The fall of the Assad regime in Syria last December could be a turning point for the country and the region, presenting an opportunity for Syrians to live in an inclusive and prosperous society, where individual rights are respected and the rule of law becomes a new norm. In that endeavor, within the ongoing Syrian-led and Syrian-owned political transition, the UN has an opportunity to play a role in many different fields, such as the political, the humanitarian, reconstruction, and accountability. These positive developments came after an unbearable toll of violence, deaths, and fear, of which the main victims were innocent civilians, every single one of them deserving our respect and grief. In Gaza, after 15 months of war, one that will go down in history as the deadliest in modern times, we must make sure that nothing similar will ever happen again, neither another 7th of October against Israelis, nor the indiscriminate killing of innocent Palestinian civilians. In this vein, we strongly support the parameters of the ceasefire agreed between Israel and Hamas. namely the release of all hostages and the full withdrawal of Israeli troops. A full implementation of the ceasefire is critical to break the cycle of violence and to shape the current political landscape into a more productive and positive environment for all, one that allows both Israelis and Palestinians to live side by side in peace and security. Therefore, it is due time to learn the lessons from the past and turn the page of this conflict and move towards a wider and sustainable peace agreement. Portugal reaffirms its full support to the Global Alliance, an initiative launched at the margins of the high-level week last September, and further efforts for the establishment of the Palestinian state, a core element envisaged by the international community for the Palestinian question. Mr. President, the priority should be to ensure that humanitarian assistance flows to Gaza with full and unhindered access, ensuring the distribution of goods inside the territory, and to create conditions for the resumption of private, commercial, and economic activities in and into the Gaza Strip. To start the reconstruction of the territory as soon as possible should also be one of our primary concerns, given the importance of sanitary health care and education infrastructure and for the stabilization of society in Gaza. That is a condition sine qua non to push back against radicalism and extremism amid an exceptionally traumatized society. In this regard, UNRWA remains the backbone of humanitarian assistance in the territory, possibly the last institutionalized workforce on the ground and its mandate should be protected when it matters the most. Portugal continues to support UNRWA as the agency mandate remains indispensable and irreplaceable, and its existence continues to deeply intertwine with a sustainable political solution of the conflict. Mr. President, we reaffirm our full and unwavering support to the UN Secretary-General at a time when his good offices are needed in the Middle East. Finally, Portugal welcomes the designation of interim of Mrs. Sigrid Skaek as special coordinator for the Middle East peace process and the knowledge of the professionalism and dedication of Mr. Tor Wennesland during his term in office. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:42:08]:

I thank the representative of Portugal for the statement and I'll give the floor to the representative of Mexico.


Mexico [2:42:18]:

Thank you very much, Mr. President. The escalation of violence and hostilities in the Middle East region over the past year, as well as the spillover effect of those acts on international peace and security, have reached levels which have not been seen for quite some time in the Security Council. Moreover, beyond devastation in Gaza, An increase in attacks in the West Bank and in Yemen, the radical change of circumstances in Syria have all put to the test the UN's response for the future of the region. Turning to the most recent events, my country welcomes the ceasefire agreement and the release of hostages in the Gaza Strip, thanks to the mediation efforts of Egypt, Qatar, and the United States. We urge that there be guarantees for the full implementation of that agreement in order to achieve a permanent ceasefire. After months of paralysis, now the Security Council must follow through on its implementation, but also must address the humanitarian dimension. Mexico reaffirms the Secretary-General's appeal to take advantage of this opportunity in order to open up a path which will lead to a better future for the people both of Palestine and of Israel, and for the region as a whole. It is imperative that the current agreement remove the political and security obstacles to the delivery of humanitarian aid, and that it allow for conditions which will lead to reconstruction in the Gaza Strip. Fifteen months after the uptick in hostilities, regrettably, more than 46,000 Palestinians have lost their lives, the majority of them women and children. 110,000 people have been wounded. It is, quite simply, an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe. It is essential to support and guarantee continued assistance provided by the UN Relief and Works Agency. It is the backbone for humanitarian assistance. As Mexico has said in all fora, the political and comprehensive solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will only be achieved through a two-state solution, which will allow for the consolidation of a politically and economically viable Palestinian state within safe and internationally recognized pre-1967 borders with East Jerusalem as capital in accordance with relevant UN resolutions, which at the same time will meet the legitimate security concerns of Israel. As I have said, Gaza is not the only hotbed of tension in the Middle East. The current situation of violence in Syria is also of great concern. Mexico echoes the Secretary-General's appeal for all parties to cooperate with the Special Envoy for Syria in order to draw up an inclusive and broad approach in accordance with Security Council Resolution 2254, focused on restoring sovereignty, unity, independence, and territorial integrity for Syria, as well as in meeting the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people. Similarly, Mexico points to the importance of preventing a resurgence of Daesh and other terrorist groups in Syria, within the framework of full respect for international human rights law. Just a few hundred kilometers south of Syria, we've also seen disturbing, worrying reciprocal attacks between Israel and the Houthis ramping up the spiral of violence and worsening the critical humanitarian situation of some 18 million people in Yemen. Mexico condemns the attack against the international airport in Sana'a, which put at risk the life of the Director General of the World Health Organization and the lives of the UN high-level delegation accompanying him. My country reiterates the imperative need to respect international humanitarian law, guaranteeing the protection of the civilian population and infrastructure, and we call for the immediate release of the captured humanitarian personnel. At the same time, pursuant to Security Council resolution 2722, the Houthis must immediately put an end to all attacks which hamper global trade and undermine the right to freedom of navigation. In this regard, we welcome the resolution adopted last week I would conclude by reiterating Mexico's belief in the peaceful settlement of disputes. My country will continue to support all efforts aimed at restoring lasting peace in the region, rooted in mutual respect and full compliance with international law. Thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:47:54]:

I thank the representative of Mexico for her statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Japan.


Japan [2:48:07]:

Thank you, Mr. President, for convening this open debate. I also extend our gratitude to the Secretary-General for his important briefing. At the outset, we hope 2025 will be a year of improvements in the political and humanitarian situation in the Middle East. There is momentum on the ground. In Lebanon, the ceasefire agreement is being implemented, and we congratulate the election of new president as an important milestone towards stability and development in the country. Syria is also making progress in its political transition. Significantly, a Gaza ceasefire hostage deal, a deal that we have all wanted to see, is now in place. This is a critical first step to end the devastating conflict and the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza, and de-escalate tensions in the region, which Japan has consistently called for. While deeply regretting the enormous number of civilian casualties, including aid workers, and immense humanitarian suffering over the past 15 months, Japan values the parties' will to end the agony. We appreciate all parties involved, including Egypt, Qatar, and the United States, in achieving this breakthrough. The release of the three hostages yesterday is a long-awaited welcome news, but many others are still waiting to reunite with their loved ones. The agreement must be implemented swiftly, steadily, and in good faith. The unbearable plight must end immediately. It is our sincere hope the agreement will pave the way for long-term stability in Israel and Palestine and beyond. Mr. President, at this historic juncture, let me make three points. First, the ceasefire will expand the aid delivery throughout Gaza. Now is the time to scale up our humanitarian relief supply and help the Palestinians get out of the nightmare as soon as possible. Since October 2023, Japan has contributed $230 million in total for humanitarian assistance in Palestine and will continue to play our part. Israel should ensure a conducive environment for humanitarian activities, particularly by UNRWA, now that the implementation of the gravely concerning bills against the agency is approaching. Second, Our concerted efforts are necessary to restore Gaza. Housing and infrastructure are destroyed. Social order has collapsed. To realize the legitimate aspirations of the Palestinians to live in dignity and prevent another October 7th, we must swiftly develop a post-conflict plan, including early recovery and reconstruction. Third, we must lay the foundation for a two-state solution. Japan opposes any action that would run counter this vision, including Israeli settlements in the West Bank. We also remain steadfastly committed to revitalizing the Palestinian Authority, both politically and financially, so that it can effectively govern both Gaza and the West Bank. Mr. President, we cannot bring back those who have been tragically lost in this conflict. But there are still plenty of lives we can save. The cycle of bloodshed must end. A window of opportunity is here, and we must not lose it. I thank you.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:52:08]:

I thank the representative of Japan for the statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of Iraq.


Iraq [2:52:27]:

Thank you so much, Mr. President. At the outset, we highly value the efforts of Algeria and presiding over the Security Council this month, we thank you for taking the initiative to hold this meeting that sheds light on the Palestinian question, a question of justice and dignity for a people that continues to suffer from the longest occupation in recent history. This is the root cause of the conflict in the region and the key to regional peace, security, and stability. We also express our appreciation to His Excellency the Foreign Minister of Algeria for presiding over this meeting. We express our appreciation to the efforts of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and his repeated calls to end the war, lift the blockade on the Palestinian people, and ensure the delivery of urgent humanitarian assistance. His position reflects the key values upon which this organization was established. Mr. President, we meet today as the Palestinian people are going through a tragedy. They are living under the yoke of war, continued blockade, systemic starvation, deliberate destruction of their infrastructure, and inhumane practices by the Israeli occupation forces. This has exacerbated the suffering of millions of Palestinian people, especially in the Gaza Strip. They were subjected to large scale of destruction following the repeated aggression over the past 15 months. This, these inhuman, inhumane circumstances require the urgent attention of and a firm position by the Security Council because they represent a blatant violation of the international humanitarian law and UN resolutions. Despite the failure by the Security Council to take decisive steps to stop this war, which has emboldened the occupation authorities to continue to commit further crimes unabated. We value the efforts of Egypt, Qatar, and the United States leading to a ceasefire agreement as a first step to ending the suffering of the Palestinian people, the resilient Palestinian people. However, this agreement is not the end. There is an urgent need to launch immediate and coordinated efforts to ensure the reconstruction of the Strip and ensure reparation for what was destroyed by the war, to ensure also the return of Palestinian displaced and protect them and protect their dignity. This is a humanitarian and moral necessity. Iraq calls for implementing its initiative to establish an international fund for the reconstruction of Gaza to coordinate international efforts and provide the necessary resources for reconstruction. We look forward for the international community to work together to provide the necessary support, and we call upon the Security Council to support this initiative and implement it. We also call upon the Security Council to shoulder its legal and moral responsibility regarding the Palestinian question and work seriously on ending the Israeli occupation and ensure the implementation of its relevant resolutions while addressing the root causes of the conflict. In this vein, we reaffirm the ICJ's advisory opinion of 2024, which stressed that the Israeli occupation is illegal and called for ending the occupation in all its forms and the Palestinian people their inalienable rights. This advisory opinion is an international legal reference that the Security Council and the international community should implement with all the necessary tools. We would like to seize this opportunity to express our full appreciation to the efforts made by international humanitarian organizations to provide relief for the Palestinian people. We reject the attacks on UN agencies, including UNRWA, which represents a lifeline for Palestinian refugees, millions of Palestinian refugees. Iraq has provided financial donations to allow UNRWA to continue implementing its tasks. We express our gratitude to its employees that continue to provide humanitarian assistance in, um, very difficult circumstances. Continuing to support UNRWA is a priority to ensure that the needs of Palestinian refugees are met. Attacking these agencies is a direct threat to human security. It exacerbates the suffering of the Palestinian people. We call upon the international community to support UNRWA so that it continues to provide vital services. Mr. President, we reaffirm our commitment to support the just Palestinian question and the aspiration of the Palestinian people to freedom, independence, and ending the occupation, while achieving their hopes to establish an independent state with Jerusalem Jerusalem as a capital. These are legitimate aspirations that require a firm support from the international community. The disregard of these aspirations or stalling their implementation will only deepen the tragedy and exacerbate tensions in the region. We have always supported the Palestinian people by providing humanitarian assistance and meeting the basic and medical needs of the Palestinian people following the blockade and war launched by the occupation authorities. Mr. President, we strongly condemn the Israeli military acts on Syrian territories. This is a blatant violation of the sovereignty of a member state at the United Nations and a dangerous threat to regional stability and security. These attacks are a continuation of the occupation, which violates the sovereignty of states and international laws. We call for the respect of the unity and sovereignty of Syria over all its territories while supporting it in building in its future in line with Resolution 2254. As we support the respect of the Syrian people's will to choose their regime, by all the components of the Syrian people. We are following with grave concern the internal security situation in Syria. It is important to restore stability and security in Syria so that it does not become a safe haven or a transit country for terrorist groups. We fully support Lebanon, its stability, and sovereignty over all its territories. We call for doubling efforts to ensure the reconstruction of what was destroyed by the Israeli war machine, to ensure development and stability. Thank you, Mr. President.


Algeria · President of the Security Council [2:59:39]:

I thank the representative of Iraq for his statement. 00, and there are still a number of speakers remaining on my list for this meeting. I intend, with the concurrence of members of the Council, to suspend the meeting until the afternoon of Friday, 24th of January, at 3 p.m. It is so decided. The meeting is suspended.