{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. 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the presentation, I will open the floor for any questions delegations may wish to address to the co-chairs.","start":74.75,"end":81.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Following","start":74.75,"end":75.31},{"text":"the","start":75.31,"end":75.43},{"text":"presentation,","start":75.43,"end":76.27},{"text":"I","start":76.27,"end":76.35},{"text":"will","start":76.35,"end":76.59},{"text":"open","start":76.59,"end":76.91},{"text":"the","start":76.91,"end":77.03},{"text":"floor","start":77.03,"end":77.39},{"text":"for","start":77.39,"end":77.63},{"text":"any","start":77.63,"end":77.87},{"text":"questions","start":77.87,"end":78.51},{"text":"delegations","start":78.51,"end":79.23},{"text":"may","start":79.23,"end":79.39},{"text":"wish","start":79.39,"end":79.63},{"text":"to","start":79.63,"end":79.83},{"text":"address","start":79.83,"end":80.27},{"text":"to","start":80.27,"end":80.39},{"text":"the","start":80.39,"end":80.47},{"text":"co-chairs.","start":80.47,"end":81.31}]},{"text":"I will, however, keep the questions and answers segment relatively short so that we can make headway with the 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morning.","start":464.15,"end":464.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":464.15,"end":464.27},{"text":"morning.","start":464.27,"end":464.59}]},{"text":"My name is Naoki Ishikawa.","start":464.75,"end":465.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":464.75,"end":464.91},{"text":"name","start":464.91,"end":465.07},{"text":"is","start":465.07,"end":465.15},{"text":"Naoki","start":465.15,"end":465.51},{"text":"Ishikawa.","start":465.51,"end":465.87}]},{"text":"I work for the Executive Office of the Secretary 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indicated, I open the floor for any questions.","start":1052.99,"end":1056.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":1052.99,"end":1053.31},{"text":"indicated,","start":1053.31,"end":1054.03},{"text":"I","start":1054.03,"end":1054.27},{"text":"open","start":1054.27,"end":1054.67},{"text":"the","start":1054.67,"end":1054.83},{"text":"floor","start":1054.83,"end":1055.31},{"text":"for","start":1055.31,"end":1055.67},{"text":"any","start":1055.67,"end":1055.95},{"text":"questions.","start":1055.95,"end":1056.51}]},{"text":"You can request the floor by pressing your microphone button if you want to have any clarifications or if you have any burning questions on what else can be 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I thank you, Madam Chair, for allowing us to spend some time with you this 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relevant report of the Secretary-General is contained in document A/81/290, which is available on the website.","start":1454.83,"end":1465.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1454.83,"end":1454.99},{"text":"relevant","start":1454.99,"end":1455.63},{"text":"report","start":1456.23,"end":1456.79},{"text":"of","start":1457.11,"end":1457.27},{"text":"the","start":1457.27,"end":1457.39},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":1457.39,"end":1458.39},{"text":"is","start":1458.39,"end":1458.71},{"text":"contained","start":1458.71,"end":1459.27},{"text":"in","start":1459.27,"end":1459.43},{"text":"document","start":1459.43,"end":1460.23},{"text":"A/81/290,","start":1460.23,"end":1463.03},{"text":"which","start":1463.51,"end":1463.75},{"text":"is","start":1463.75,"end":1463.91},{"text":"available","start":1463.91,"end":1464.51},{"text":"on","start":1464.51,"end":1464.71},{"text":"the","start":1464.71,"end":1464.87},{"text":"website.","start":1464.87,"end":1465.59}]},{"text":"I remind of the time limits and urge that you keep your statements within those limits.","start":1465.99,"end":1472.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1465.99,"end":1466.15},{"text":"remind","start":1466.15,"end":1466.79},{"text":"of","start":1466.79,"end":1467.03},{"text":"the","start":1467.03,"end":1467.15},{"text":"time","start":1467.15,"end":1467.43},{"text":"limits","start":1467.43,"end":1467.99},{"text":"and","start":1467.99,"end":1468.39},{"text":"urge","start":1468.39,"end":1468.79},{"text":"that","start":1468.79,"end":1469.03},{"text":"you","start":1469.03,"end":1469.19},{"text":"keep","start":1469.19,"end":1469.43},{"text":"your","start":1469.43,"end":1469.83},{"text":"statements","start":1470.23,"end":1471.19},{"text":"within","start":1471.19,"end":1471.63},{"text":"those","start":1471.63,"end":1471.99},{"text":"limits.","start":1471.99,"end":1472.63}]},{"text":"The first speaker on my list for this morning is the distinguished representative of 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Chair, at a time when armed conflicts are on rise, the importance of international humanitarian law and of the 1949 Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols in particular is more important than ever.","start":1496.35,"end":1508.67,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1496.35,"end":1496.67},{"text":"Chair,","start":1496.67,"end":1497.07},{"text":"at","start":1497.15,"end":1497.31},{"text":"a","start":1497.39,"end":1497.43},{"text":"time","start":1497.43,"end":1497.67},{"text":"when","start":1497.67,"end":1497.95},{"text":"armed","start":1497.95,"end":1498.19},{"text":"conflicts","start":1498.19,"end":1498.75},{"text":"are","start":1498.75,"end":1498.87},{"text":"on","start":1498.87,"end":1498.99},{"text":"rise,","start":1498.99,"end":1499.47},{"text":"the","start":1499.71,"end":1499.83},{"text":"importance","start":1499.83,"end":1500.39},{"text":"of","start":1500.39,"end":1500.51},{"text":"international","start":1500.51,"end":1501.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1501.03,"end":1501.79},{"text":"law","start":1501.79,"end":1502.11},{"text":"and","start":1502.35,"end":1502.51},{"text":"of","start":1502.51,"end":1502.67},{"text":"the","start":1502.67,"end":1502.75},{"text":"1949","start":1502.75,"end":1503.71},{"text":"Geneva","start":1503.71,"end":1504.03},{"text":"Conventions","start":1504.03,"end":1504.83},{"text":"and","start":1504.83,"end":1504.95},{"text":"their","start":1504.95,"end":1505.11},{"text":"additional","start":1505.11,"end":1505.51},{"text":"protocols","start":1505.51,"end":1506.11},{"text":"in","start":1506.11,"end":1506.27},{"text":"particular","start":1506.27,"end":1506.91},{"text":"is","start":1507.23,"end":1507.47},{"text":"more","start":1507.47,"end":1507.59},{"text":"important","start":1507.59,"end":1508.15},{"text":"than","start":1508.15,"end":1508.27},{"text":"ever.","start":1508.27,"end":1508.67}]},{"text":"The Geneva Conventions have achieved universal ratification.","start":1509.39,"end":1512.67,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1509.39,"end":1509.59},{"text":"Geneva","start":1509.59,"end":1509.95},{"text":"Conventions","start":1509.95,"end":1510.55},{"text":"have","start":1510.55,"end":1510.75},{"text":"achieved","start":1510.75,"end":1511.15},{"text":"universal","start":1511.15,"end":1511.71},{"text":"ratification.","start":1511.71,"end":1512.67}]},{"text":"The same, however, is not yet true of the two additional protocols, which were adopted in 1977 to formulate more robust protection for victims of international and non-international armed conflicts.","start":1513.07,"end":1525.07,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1513.07,"end":1513.19},{"text":"same,","start":1513.23,"end":1513.47},{"text":"however,","start":1513.47,"end":1514.03},{"text":"is","start":1514.03,"end":1514.27},{"text":"not","start":1514.27,"end":1514.51},{"text":"yet","start":1514.51,"end":1514.71},{"text":"true","start":1514.71,"end":1514.99},{"text":"of","start":1515.07,"end":1515.19},{"text":"the","start":1515.19,"end":1515.27},{"text":"two","start":1515.31,"end":1515.51},{"text":"additional","start":1515.51,"end":1515.91},{"text":"protocols,","start":1515.91,"end":1516.67},{"text":"which","start":1516.95,"end":1517.23},{"text":"were","start":1517.23,"end":1517.39},{"text":"adopted","start":1517.39,"end":1517.87},{"text":"in","start":1517.87,"end":1518.07},{"text":"1977","start":1518.07,"end":1519.39},{"text":"to","start":1519.71,"end":1519.83},{"text":"formulate","start":1519.87,"end":1520.43},{"text":"more","start":1520.43,"end":1520.71},{"text":"robust","start":1520.71,"end":1521.03},{"text":"protection","start":1521.03,"end":1521.63},{"text":"for","start":1521.63,"end":1521.79},{"text":"victims","start":1521.79,"end":1522.35},{"text":"of","start":1522.35,"end":1522.43},{"text":"international","start":1522.43,"end":1523.15},{"text":"and","start":1523.15,"end":1523.31},{"text":"non-international","start":1523.31,"end":1524.11},{"text":"armed","start":1524.11,"end":1524.31},{"text":"conflicts.","start":1524.35,"end":1525.07}]},{"text":"Portugal thanks the Secretary-General for his report and welcomes the progress made towards the universalization of the additional protocols since this item was last considered by the Sixth Committee.","start":1525.95,"end":1536.91,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1525.95,"end":1526.43},{"text":"thanks","start":1526.43,"end":1526.75},{"text":"the","start":1526.75,"end":1526.83},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":1526.83,"end":1527.83},{"text":"for","start":1527.87,"end":1528.03},{"text":"his","start":1528.03,"end":1528.27},{"text":"report","start":1528.27,"end":1528.83},{"text":"and","start":1528.83,"end":1528.99},{"text":"welcomes","start":1528.99,"end":1529.39},{"text":"the","start":1529.39,"end":1529.47},{"text":"progress","start":1529.47,"end":1530.03},{"text":"made","start":1530.11,"end":1530.39},{"text":"towards","start":1530.39,"end":1530.91},{"text":"the","start":1530.91,"end":1530.99},{"text":"universalization","start":1530.99,"end":1532.19},{"text":"of","start":1532.59,"end":1532.71},{"text":"the","start":1532.71,"end":1532.79},{"text":"additional","start":1532.79,"end":1533.19},{"text":"protocols","start":1533.19,"end":1533.79},{"text":"since","start":1533.79,"end":1534.11},{"text":"this","start":1534.11,"end":1534.35},{"text":"item","start":1534.35,"end":1534.75},{"text":"was","start":1534.75,"end":1534.91},{"text":"last","start":1534.91,"end":1535.15},{"text":"considered","start":1535.15,"end":1535.75},{"text":"by","start":1535.75,"end":1535.87},{"text":"the","start":1535.87,"end":1535.99},{"text":"Sixth","start":1536.03,"end":1536.35},{"text":"Committee.","start":1536.35,"end":1536.91}]},{"text":"Portugal calls upon all states that have not yet done so to become parties to the Additional Protocols.","start":1538.35,"end":1545.23,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1538.35,"end":1538.75},{"text":"calls","start":1538.75,"end":1539.07},{"text":"upon","start":1539.07,"end":1539.39},{"text":"all","start":1539.39,"end":1539.55},{"text":"states","start":1539.55,"end":1540.03},{"text":"that","start":1540.03,"end":1540.83},{"text":"have","start":1541.15,"end":1541.35},{"text":"not","start":1541.55,"end":1541.87},{"text":"yet","start":1541.87,"end":1542.11},{"text":"done","start":1542.11,"end":1542.35},{"text":"so","start":1542.35,"end":1542.75},{"text":"to","start":1542.99,"end":1543.11},{"text":"become","start":1543.11,"end":1543.47},{"text":"parties","start":1543.47,"end":1543.95},{"text":"to","start":1543.95,"end":1544.07},{"text":"the","start":1544.07,"end":1544.15},{"text":"Additional","start":1544.15,"end":1544.59},{"text":"Protocols.","start":1544.59,"end":1545.23}]},{"text":"We further encourage said parties to Additional Protocol I that have not yet done so to recognize the competence of International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of the Protocol.","start":1545.71,"end":1557.87,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1545.71,"end":1545.87},{"text":"further","start":1545.87,"end":1546.59},{"text":"encourage","start":1546.91,"end":1547.39},{"text":"said","start":1547.39,"end":1547.71},{"text":"parties","start":1547.71,"end":1548.11},{"text":"to","start":1548.11,"end":1548.23},{"text":"Additional","start":1548.23,"end":1548.63},{"text":"Protocol","start":1548.63,"end":1549.23},{"text":"I","start":1549.23,"end":1549.31},{"text":"that","start":1549.71,"end":1549.95},{"text":"have","start":1549.95,"end":1550.11},{"text":"not","start":1550.11,"end":1550.39},{"text":"yet","start":1550.39,"end":1550.59},{"text":"done","start":1550.59,"end":1550.83},{"text":"so","start":1550.83,"end":1551.31},{"text":"to","start":1551.55,"end":1551.67},{"text":"recognize","start":1551.67,"end":1552.27},{"text":"the","start":1552.27,"end":1552.39},{"text":"competence","start":1552.39,"end":1552.95},{"text":"of","start":1552.95,"end":1553.07},{"text":"International","start":1553.07,"end":1553.63},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":1553.63,"end":1554.35},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":1554.35,"end":1554.99},{"text":"Commission","start":1554.99,"end":1555.63},{"text":"under","start":1555.95,"end":1556.27},{"text":"Article","start":1556.27,"end":1556.67},{"text":"90","start":1556.67,"end":1557.11},{"text":"of","start":1557.11,"end":1557.23},{"text":"the","start":1557.23,"end":1557.31},{"text":"Protocol.","start":1557.31,"end":1557.87}]},{"text":"Portugal strongly supports the work of the Commission and recognizes its important contribution to promoting respect for international humanitarian law.","start":1560.15,"end":1567.87,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1560.15,"end":1560.67},{"text":"strongly","start":1560.67,"end":1561.07},{"text":"supports","start":1561.07,"end":1561.55},{"text":"the","start":1561.55,"end":1561.71},{"text":"work","start":1561.71,"end":1561.99},{"text":"of","start":1561.99,"end":1562.07},{"text":"the","start":1562.07,"end":1562.15},{"text":"Commission","start":1562.19,"end":1562.83},{"text":"and","start":1562.83,"end":1563.03},{"text":"recognizes","start":1563.03,"end":1563.79},{"text":"its","start":1563.87,"end":1564.11},{"text":"important","start":1564.11,"end":1564.59},{"text":"contribution","start":1564.59,"end":1565.23},{"text":"to","start":1565.23,"end":1565.35},{"text":"promoting","start":1565.35,"end":1565.87},{"text":"respect","start":1565.87,"end":1566.35},{"text":"for","start":1566.35,"end":1566.47},{"text":"international","start":1566.47,"end":1567.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1567.03,"end":1567.71},{"text":"law.","start":1567.71,"end":1567.87}]},{"text":"In this context, Portugal has nominated Professor Mateusz Kowalski for re-election to the Commission for the 2027-2022 term.","start":1568.59,"end":1576.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1568.59,"end":1568.71},{"text":"this","start":1568.71,"end":1568.91},{"text":"context,","start":1568.91,"end":1569.47},{"text":"Portugal","start":1569.47,"end":1569.99},{"text":"has","start":1569.99,"end":1570.11},{"text":"nominated","start":1570.11,"end":1570.67},{"text":"Professor","start":1570.67,"end":1571.23},{"text":"Mateusz","start":1571.23,"end":1571.55},{"text":"Kowalski","start":1571.55,"end":1572.27},{"text":"for","start":1572.59,"end":1572.75},{"text":"re-election","start":1572.75,"end":1573.39},{"text":"to","start":1573.39,"end":1573.51},{"text":"the","start":1573.51,"end":1573.59},{"text":"Commission","start":1573.59,"end":1574.11},{"text":"for","start":1574.11,"end":1574.35},{"text":"the","start":1574.35,"end":1574.43},{"text":"2027-2022","start":1574.43,"end":1576.51},{"text":"term.","start":1576.51,"end":1576.91}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the challenge facing international humanitarian law today is not primarily one of absence of rules.","start":1578.27,"end":1585.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1578.27,"end":1578.67},{"text":"Chair,","start":1578.67,"end":1579.07},{"text":"the","start":1579.31,"end":1579.47},{"text":"challenge","start":1579.47,"end":1580.67},{"text":"facing","start":1580.67,"end":1581.03},{"text":"international","start":1581.03,"end":1581.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1581.55,"end":1582.23},{"text":"law","start":1582.23,"end":1582.35},{"text":"today","start":1582.35,"end":1583.15},{"text":"is","start":1583.15,"end":1583.39},{"text":"not","start":1583.39,"end":1583.55},{"text":"primarily","start":1583.55,"end":1584.11},{"text":"one","start":1584.11,"end":1584.35},{"text":"of","start":1584.35,"end":1584.51},{"text":"absence","start":1584.51,"end":1584.99},{"text":"of","start":1584.99,"end":1585.07},{"text":"rules.","start":1585.07,"end":1585.63}]},{"text":"Rather, it is a persistent and in many contexts, widening gap between the obligations that states and parties to armed conflicts have undertaken and their implementation in practice.","start":1586.11,"end":1596.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Rather,","start":1586.11,"end":1586.51},{"text":"it","start":1586.51,"end":1586.67},{"text":"is","start":1586.67,"end":1586.83},{"text":"a","start":1586.83,"end":1586.91},{"text":"persistent","start":1586.91,"end":1587.63},{"text":"and","start":1587.63,"end":1587.79},{"text":"in","start":1587.79,"end":1587.87},{"text":"many","start":1587.87,"end":1588.11},{"text":"contexts,","start":1588.11,"end":1588.67},{"text":"widening","start":1588.67,"end":1589.11},{"text":"gap","start":1589.11,"end":1589.39},{"text":"between","start":1589.39,"end":1589.67},{"text":"the","start":1589.67,"end":1589.75},{"text":"obligations","start":1589.75,"end":1590.39},{"text":"that","start":1590.43,"end":1590.67},{"text":"states","start":1590.67,"end":1591.07},{"text":"and","start":1591.07,"end":1591.23},{"text":"parties","start":1591.23,"end":1591.63},{"text":"to","start":1591.63,"end":1591.75},{"text":"armed","start":1591.75,"end":1591.95},{"text":"conflicts","start":1591.95,"end":1592.59},{"text":"have","start":1592.99,"end":1593.15},{"text":"undertaken","start":1593.15,"end":1594.03},{"text":"and","start":1594.27,"end":1594.47},{"text":"their","start":1594.47,"end":1594.67},{"text":"implementation","start":1594.67,"end":1595.43},{"text":"in","start":1595.43,"end":1595.55},{"text":"practice.","start":1595.55,"end":1596.19}]},{"text":"The challenges to effective implementation are both longstanding and emerging, from ensuring adequate training in IHL and effective supervision of armed forces to address the implications of new technologies and new means and methods of warfare.","start":1597.27,"end":1611.15,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1597.27,"end":1597.31},{"text":"challenges","start":1597.39,"end":1597.95},{"text":"to","start":1597.95,"end":1598.07},{"text":"effective","start":1598.07,"end":1598.51},{"text":"implementation","start":1598.51,"end":1599.31},{"text":"are","start":1599.31,"end":1599.55},{"text":"both","start":1599.55,"end":1599.83},{"text":"longstanding","start":1599.83,"end":1600.51},{"text":"and","start":1600.51,"end":1600.71},{"text":"emerging,","start":1600.71,"end":1601.31},{"text":"from","start":1601.71,"end":1601.91},{"text":"ensuring","start":1601.91,"end":1602.43},{"text":"adequate","start":1602.43,"end":1602.87},{"text":"training","start":1602.87,"end":1603.31},{"text":"in","start":1603.31,"end":1603.47},{"text":"IHL","start":1603.47,"end":1604.03},{"text":"and","start":1604.03,"end":1604.23},{"text":"effective","start":1604.23,"end":1604.67},{"text":"supervision","start":1604.67,"end":1605.39},{"text":"of","start":1605.39,"end":1605.55},{"text":"armed","start":1605.55,"end":1605.87},{"text":"forces","start":1605.87,"end":1606.51},{"text":"to","start":1606.83,"end":1606.99},{"text":"address","start":1606.99,"end":1607.35},{"text":"the","start":1607.35,"end":1607.43},{"text":"implications","start":1607.43,"end":1608.11},{"text":"of","start":1608.11,"end":1608.27},{"text":"new","start":1608.27,"end":1608.43},{"text":"technologies","start":1608.43,"end":1609.23},{"text":"and","start":1609.27,"end":1609.39},{"text":"new","start":1609.39,"end":1609.55},{"text":"means","start":1609.55,"end":1609.87},{"text":"and","start":1609.87,"end":1609.99},{"text":"methods","start":1609.99,"end":1610.43},{"text":"of","start":1610.43,"end":1610.59},{"text":"warfare.","start":1610.59,"end":1611.15}]},{"text":"We are appalled by the brutality witnessed in current armed conflicts, where the fundamental rules of IHL, including the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack, continue to be violated.","start":1612.35,"end":1624.63,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1612.35,"end":1612.59},{"text":"are","start":1612.59,"end":1612.71},{"text":"appalled","start":1612.71,"end":1613.15},{"text":"by","start":1613.15,"end":1613.31},{"text":"the","start":1613.31,"end":1613.43},{"text":"brutality","start":1613.43,"end":1613.87},{"text":"witnessed","start":1613.87,"end":1614.43},{"text":"in","start":1614.43,"end":1614.59},{"text":"current","start":1614.59,"end":1614.95},{"text":"armed","start":1614.95,"end":1615.23},{"text":"conflicts,","start":1615.23,"end":1615.95},{"text":"where","start":1616.15,"end":1616.35},{"text":"the","start":1616.35,"end":1616.47},{"text":"fundamental","start":1616.51,"end":1617.11},{"text":"rules","start":1617.15,"end":1617.47},{"text":"of","start":1617.47,"end":1617.63},{"text":"IHL,","start":1617.63,"end":1618.27},{"text":"including","start":1618.27,"end":1619.23},{"text":"the","start":1619.23,"end":1619.31},{"text":"principles","start":1619.31,"end":1619.95},{"text":"of","start":1619.95,"end":1620.03},{"text":"distinction,","start":1620.03,"end":1620.75},{"text":"proportionality,","start":1621.15,"end":1621.91},{"text":"and","start":1621.91,"end":1622.03},{"text":"precautions","start":1622.03,"end":1622.75},{"text":"in","start":1622.75,"end":1622.91},{"text":"attack,","start":1622.91,"end":1623.35},{"text":"continue","start":1623.35,"end":1623.71},{"text":"to","start":1623.71,"end":1623.83},{"text":"be","start":1623.83,"end":1623.99},{"text":"violated.","start":1623.99,"end":1624.63}]},{"text":"Attacks against civilians and civilian objects, damage to critical infrastructure, threats to medical personnel and facilities, and impediments to humanitarian action are stark reminders of the urgent need to strengthen respect for the rules already in place.","start":1625.67,"end":1641.51,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Attacks","start":1625.67,"end":1626.15},{"text":"against","start":1626.15,"end":1626.47},{"text":"civilians","start":1626.47,"end":1627.07},{"text":"and","start":1627.07,"end":1627.23},{"text":"civilian","start":1627.23,"end":1627.75},{"text":"objects,","start":1627.75,"end":1628.39},{"text":"damage","start":1628.67,"end":1628.95},{"text":"to","start":1628.95,"end":1629.19},{"text":"critical","start":1629.19,"end":1629.67},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":1629.67,"end":1630.63},{"text":"threats","start":1630.87,"end":1631.19},{"text":"to","start":1631.19,"end":1631.31},{"text":"medical","start":1631.31,"end":1631.75},{"text":"personnel","start":1631.75,"end":1632.27},{"text":"and","start":1632.27,"end":1632.39},{"text":"facilities,","start":1632.39,"end":1633.11},{"text":"and","start":1634.31,"end":1634.47},{"text":"impediments","start":1634.47,"end":1635.03},{"text":"to","start":1635.03,"end":1635.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1635.11,"end":1635.83},{"text":"action","start":1635.83,"end":1636.31},{"text":"are","start":1636.63,"end":1636.79},{"text":"stark","start":1636.79,"end":1637.19},{"text":"reminders","start":1637.19,"end":1637.83},{"text":"of","start":1637.83,"end":1637.99},{"text":"the","start":1637.99,"end":1638.11},{"text":"urgent","start":1638.11,"end":1638.47},{"text":"need","start":1638.55,"end":1638.71},{"text":"to","start":1638.71,"end":1638.83},{"text":"strengthen","start":1638.83,"end":1639.43},{"text":"respect","start":1639.43,"end":1639.87},{"text":"for","start":1639.87,"end":1639.99},{"text":"the","start":1639.99,"end":1640.07},{"text":"rules","start":1640.07,"end":1640.47},{"text":"already","start":1640.47,"end":1640.83},{"text":"in","start":1640.83,"end":1640.95},{"text":"place.","start":1640.95,"end":1641.51}]},{"text":"Against this background, Portugal strongly supports the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to IHL.","start":1642.39,"end":1648.39,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":1642.39,"end":1642.79},{"text":"this","start":1642.79,"end":1642.95},{"text":"background,","start":1642.95,"end":1643.51},{"text":"Portugal","start":1643.51,"end":1643.99},{"text":"strongly","start":1643.99,"end":1644.43},{"text":"supports","start":1644.43,"end":1644.95},{"text":"the","start":1644.95,"end":1645.03},{"text":"global","start":1645.03,"end":1645.43},{"text":"initiative","start":1645.43,"end":1645.99},{"text":"to","start":1645.99,"end":1646.11},{"text":"galvanize","start":1646.11,"end":1646.71},{"text":"political","start":1646.71,"end":1647.19},{"text":"commitment","start":1647.19,"end":1647.71},{"text":"to","start":1647.71,"end":1647.83},{"text":"IHL.","start":1647.83,"end":1648.39}]},{"text":"We believe that this initiative comes at a particularly timely moment.","start":1649.27,"end":1652.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1649.27,"end":1649.35},{"text":"believe","start":1649.35,"end":1649.71},{"text":"that","start":1649.71,"end":1649.91},{"text":"this","start":1649.91,"end":1650.07},{"text":"initiative","start":1650.07,"end":1650.71},{"text":"comes","start":1650.71,"end":1650.99},{"text":"at","start":1650.99,"end":1651.11},{"text":"a","start":1651.11,"end":1651.19},{"text":"particularly","start":1651.19,"end":1651.91},{"text":"timely","start":1651.91,"end":1652.27},{"text":"moment.","start":1652.27,"end":1652.71}]},{"text":"It provides an opportunity not only to reaffirm our collective political commitment to international humanitarian law, but also to examine some of the concrete challenges affecting its implementation and to identify practical ways of addressing them.","start":1652.71,"end":1668.47,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1652.71,"end":1652.79},{"text":"provides","start":1653.27,"end":1653.71},{"text":"an","start":1653.71,"end":1653.83},{"text":"opportunity","start":1653.83,"end":1654.55},{"text":"not","start":1654.55,"end":1654.79},{"text":"only","start":1654.79,"end":1655.03},{"text":"to","start":1655.03,"end":1655.15},{"text":"reaffirm","start":1655.15,"end":1655.67},{"text":"our","start":1655.67,"end":1655.75},{"text":"collective","start":1655.75,"end":1656.31},{"text":"political","start":1656.31,"end":1656.87},{"text":"commitment","start":1656.87,"end":1657.51},{"text":"to","start":1658.47,"end":1658.59},{"text":"international","start":1658.59,"end":1659.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1659.15,"end":1659.83},{"text":"law,","start":1659.83,"end":1660.07},{"text":"but","start":1660.07,"end":1660.31},{"text":"also","start":1660.31,"end":1660.71},{"text":"to","start":1660.71,"end":1660.91},{"text":"examine","start":1660.91,"end":1661.43},{"text":"some","start":1661.43,"end":1661.71},{"text":"of","start":1661.71,"end":1661.83},{"text":"the","start":1661.83,"end":1661.95},{"text":"concrete","start":1661.95,"end":1662.47},{"text":"challenges","start":1662.47,"end":1663.11},{"text":"affecting","start":1663.43,"end":1664.07},{"text":"its","start":1664.23,"end":1664.55},{"text":"implementation","start":1664.55,"end":1665.43},{"text":"and","start":1665.67,"end":1665.87},{"text":"to","start":1665.87,"end":1665.99},{"text":"identify","start":1666.27,"end":1666.79},{"text":"practical","start":1666.79,"end":1667.39},{"text":"ways","start":1667.39,"end":1667.59},{"text":"of","start":1667.59,"end":1667.67},{"text":"addressing","start":1667.67,"end":1668.15},{"text":"them.","start":1668.15,"end":1668.47}]},{"text":"Portugal has actively followed the discussions under its different work streams and looks forward to the outcomes of this process.","start":1669.59,"end":1676.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1669.59,"end":1670.15},{"text":"has","start":1670.15,"end":1670.47},{"text":"actively","start":1670.47,"end":1671.03},{"text":"followed","start":1671.03,"end":1671.39},{"text":"the","start":1671.39,"end":1671.47},{"text":"discussions","start":1671.47,"end":1672.23},{"text":"under","start":1672.23,"end":1672.51},{"text":"its","start":1672.51,"end":1672.67},{"text":"different","start":1672.67,"end":1673.07},{"text":"work","start":1673.07,"end":1673.27},{"text":"streams","start":1673.27,"end":1673.75},{"text":"and","start":1673.75,"end":1673.95},{"text":"looks","start":1673.95,"end":1674.19},{"text":"forward","start":1674.19,"end":1674.59},{"text":"to","start":1674.59,"end":1674.83},{"text":"the","start":1674.83,"end":1674.91},{"text":"outcomes","start":1674.91,"end":1675.31},{"text":"of","start":1675.31,"end":1675.43},{"text":"this","start":1675.43,"end":1675.59},{"text":"process.","start":1675.59,"end":1676.23}]},{"text":"We hope that they will help translate political commitment into concrete measures capable of strengthening compliance with international humanitarian law.","start":1676.83,"end":1684.63,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1676.83,"end":1676.99},{"text":"hope","start":1676.99,"end":1677.23},{"text":"that","start":1677.23,"end":1677.47},{"text":"they","start":1677.47,"end":1677.55},{"text":"will","start":1677.55,"end":1677.79},{"text":"help","start":1677.79,"end":1678.03},{"text":"translate","start":1678.03,"end":1678.51},{"text":"political","start":1678.51,"end":1679.07},{"text":"commitment","start":1679.07,"end":1679.63},{"text":"into","start":1679.63,"end":1679.91},{"text":"concrete","start":1679.91,"end":1680.35},{"text":"measures","start":1680.35,"end":1680.91},{"text":"capable","start":1681.31,"end":1681.71},{"text":"of","start":1681.71,"end":1681.79},{"text":"strengthening","start":1681.79,"end":1682.43},{"text":"compliance","start":1682.43,"end":1682.99},{"text":"with","start":1682.99,"end":1683.11},{"text":"international","start":1683.11,"end":1683.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1683.67,"end":1684.35},{"text":"law.","start":1684.35,"end":1684.63}]},{"text":"Ensuring respect for IHL also requires accountability for its serious violations.","start":1685.83,"end":1690.99,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Ensuring","start":1685.83,"end":1686.35},{"text":"respect","start":1686.35,"end":1686.87},{"text":"for","start":1686.87,"end":1687.07},{"text":"IHL","start":1687.07,"end":1687.63},{"text":"also","start":1687.63,"end":1687.99},{"text":"requires","start":1687.99,"end":1688.51},{"text":"accountability","start":1688.51,"end":1689.39},{"text":"for","start":1689.39,"end":1689.63},{"text":"its","start":1689.63,"end":1689.83},{"text":"serious","start":1689.83,"end":1690.11},{"text":"violations.","start":1690.11,"end":1690.99}]},{"text":"States bear the primary responsibility for investigating and, where appropriate, prosecuting those responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law.","start":1691.39,"end":1700.91,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"States","start":1691.39,"end":1691.87},{"text":"bear","start":1691.87,"end":1692.11},{"text":"the","start":1692.11,"end":1692.19},{"text":"primary","start":1692.19,"end":1692.63},{"text":"responsibility","start":1692.63,"end":1693.63},{"text":"for","start":1693.63,"end":1693.83},{"text":"investigating","start":1693.83,"end":1694.67},{"text":"and,","start":1694.99,"end":1695.15},{"text":"where","start":1695.15,"end":1695.35},{"text":"appropriate,","start":1695.35,"end":1695.87},{"text":"prosecuting","start":1695.87,"end":1696.59},{"text":"those","start":1696.63,"end":1696.91},{"text":"responsible","start":1696.91,"end":1697.63},{"text":"for","start":1697.63,"end":1697.79},{"text":"serious","start":1697.79,"end":1698.27},{"text":"violations","start":1698.27,"end":1699.07},{"text":"of","start":1699.47,"end":1699.59},{"text":"international","start":1699.59,"end":1700.07},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1700.07,"end":1700.75},{"text":"law.","start":1700.75,"end":1700.91}]},{"text":"Effective national accountability mechanisms are therefore an essential component of IHL implementation and of the fight against impunity.","start":1701.91,"end":1709.91,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Effective","start":1701.91,"end":1702.39},{"text":"national","start":1702.39,"end":1702.87},{"text":"accountability","start":1702.87,"end":1703.59},{"text":"mechanisms","start":1703.59,"end":1704.39},{"text":"are","start":1704.39,"end":1704.55},{"text":"therefore","start":1704.55,"end":1705.07},{"text":"an","start":1705.07,"end":1705.19},{"text":"essential","start":1705.19,"end":1705.67},{"text":"component","start":1705.67,"end":1706.31},{"text":"of","start":1706.63,"end":1706.87},{"text":"IHL","start":1706.87,"end":1707.19},{"text":"implementation","start":1707.19,"end":1708.15},{"text":"and","start":1708.15,"end":1708.27},{"text":"of","start":1708.27,"end":1708.39},{"text":"the","start":1708.39,"end":1708.51},{"text":"fight","start":1708.51,"end":1708.91},{"text":"against","start":1708.91,"end":1709.27},{"text":"impunity.","start":1709.27,"end":1709.91}]},{"text":"The International Criminal Court also plays an essential role in the fight against impunity, complementing national jurisdictions in accordance with the Rome Statute.","start":1711.19,"end":1720.95,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1711.19,"end":1711.31},{"text":"International","start":1711.31,"end":1711.91},{"text":"Criminal","start":1711.91,"end":1712.31},{"text":"Court","start":1712.31,"end":1712.71},{"text":"also","start":1712.71,"end":1713.11},{"text":"plays","start":1713.11,"end":1713.43},{"text":"an","start":1713.43,"end":1713.51},{"text":"essential","start":1713.51,"end":1714.07},{"text":"role","start":1714.07,"end":1714.39},{"text":"in","start":1714.71,"end":1714.87},{"text":"the","start":1714.87,"end":1714.95},{"text":"fight","start":1714.95,"end":1715.27},{"text":"against","start":1715.27,"end":1715.75},{"text":"impunity,","start":1715.75,"end":1716.47},{"text":"complementing","start":1716.71,"end":1717.43},{"text":"national","start":1717.43,"end":1717.83},{"text":"jurisdictions","start":1717.83,"end":1718.71},{"text":"in","start":1718.71,"end":1718.87},{"text":"accordance","start":1718.87,"end":1719.91},{"text":"with","start":1719.91,"end":1720.03},{"text":"the","start":1720.03,"end":1720.11},{"text":"Rome","start":1720.11,"end":1720.31},{"text":"Statute.","start":1720.31,"end":1720.95}]},{"text":"Portugal remains fully committed to the Rome Statute system and strongly supports the independent and impartial exercise by the Court of its mandate.","start":1721.51,"end":1729.91,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1721.51,"end":1721.99},{"text":"remains","start":1721.99,"end":1722.39},{"text":"fully","start":1722.39,"end":1722.63},{"text":"committed","start":1722.63,"end":1723.07},{"text":"to","start":1723.07,"end":1723.23},{"text":"the","start":1723.23,"end":1723.31},{"text":"Rome","start":1723.31,"end":1723.59},{"text":"Statute","start":1723.59,"end":1723.99},{"text":"system","start":1723.99,"end":1724.55},{"text":"and","start":1724.55,"end":1724.79},{"text":"strongly","start":1724.79,"end":1725.19},{"text":"supports","start":1725.19,"end":1725.75},{"text":"the","start":1726.07,"end":1726.19},{"text":"independent","start":1726.19,"end":1726.75},{"text":"and","start":1726.79,"end":1726.91},{"text":"impartial","start":1726.91,"end":1727.39},{"text":"exercise","start":1727.39,"end":1727.99},{"text":"by","start":1728.31,"end":1728.55},{"text":"the","start":1728.55,"end":1728.63},{"text":"Court","start":1728.63,"end":1729.03},{"text":"of","start":1729.03,"end":1729.19},{"text":"its","start":1729.19,"end":1729.43},{"text":"mandate.","start":1729.43,"end":1729.91}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, effective implementation begins at the national level.","start":1731.35,"end":1734.95,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1731.35,"end":1731.67},{"text":"Chair,","start":1731.67,"end":1731.99},{"text":"effective","start":1731.99,"end":1732.63},{"text":"implementation","start":1732.63,"end":1733.43},{"text":"begins","start":1733.43,"end":1733.91},{"text":"at","start":1733.91,"end":1733.99},{"text":"the","start":1733.99,"end":1734.07},{"text":"national","start":1734.07,"end":1734.51},{"text":"level.","start":1734.51,"end":1734.95}]},{"text":"In this regard, the Portuguese National Committee of the International Humanitarian Law continues to provide a forum for coordination among relevant national authorities, including the Portuguese Red Cross, and for promoting knowledge and implementation of IHL.","start":1735.43,"end":1750.71,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1735.43,"end":1735.55},{"text":"this","start":1735.55,"end":1735.75},{"text":"regard,","start":1735.75,"end":1736.19},{"text":"the","start":1736.19,"end":1736.27},{"text":"Portuguese","start":1736.27,"end":1736.79},{"text":"National","start":1736.79,"end":1737.47},{"text":"Committee","start":1737.75,"end":1738.31},{"text":"of","start":1738.31,"end":1738.43},{"text":"the","start":1738.43,"end":1738.51},{"text":"International","start":1738.51,"end":1738.99},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":1738.99,"end":1739.59},{"text":"Law","start":1739.59,"end":1739.83},{"text":"continues","start":1740.15,"end":1740.71},{"text":"to","start":1740.71,"end":1740.79},{"text":"provide","start":1740.79,"end":1741.23},{"text":"a","start":1741.23,"end":1741.27},{"text":"forum","start":1741.27,"end":1741.67},{"text":"for","start":1741.67,"end":1741.83},{"text":"coordination","start":1741.83,"end":1742.59},{"text":"among","start":1742.71,"end":1743.11},{"text":"relevant","start":1743.11,"end":1743.99},{"text":"national","start":1743.99,"end":1744.43},{"text":"authorities,","start":1744.43,"end":1745.11},{"text":"including","start":1745.59,"end":1746.07},{"text":"the","start":1746.07,"end":1746.15},{"text":"Portuguese","start":1746.15,"end":1746.71},{"text":"Red","start":1746.71,"end":1746.95},{"text":"Cross,","start":1746.95,"end":1747.43},{"text":"and","start":1747.67,"end":1747.83},{"text":"for","start":1747.83,"end":1747.99},{"text":"promoting","start":1747.99,"end":1748.55},{"text":"knowledge","start":1748.55,"end":1748.99},{"text":"and","start":1748.99,"end":1749.11},{"text":"implementation","start":1749.11,"end":1749.91},{"text":"of","start":1749.91,"end":1750.15},{"text":"IHL.","start":1750.15,"end":1750.71}]},{"text":"The committee is currently working on the first voluntary national report of the implementation of international humanitarian law.","start":1757.27,"end":1763.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1757.27,"end":1757.39},{"text":"committee","start":1757.43,"end":1757.99},{"text":"is","start":1757.99,"end":1758.15},{"text":"currently","start":1758.15,"end":1758.55},{"text":"working","start":1758.55,"end":1758.95},{"text":"on","start":1758.95,"end":1759.11},{"text":"the","start":1759.11,"end":1759.19},{"text":"first","start":1759.19,"end":1759.43},{"text":"voluntary","start":1759.43,"end":1759.95},{"text":"national","start":1759.95,"end":1760.39},{"text":"report","start":1760.39,"end":1760.79},{"text":"of","start":1760.79,"end":1760.87},{"text":"the","start":1760.87,"end":1760.95},{"text":"implementation","start":1760.95,"end":1761.71},{"text":"of","start":1761.71,"end":1761.79},{"text":"international","start":1761.79,"end":1762.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1762.31,"end":1762.95},{"text":"law.","start":1762.95,"end":1763.27}]},{"text":"This exercise provides an opportunity to take stock of the measures adopted at national level, identify good practices and areas where further progress may be required.","start":1763.75,"end":1772.63,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1763.75,"end":1763.91},{"text":"exercise","start":1763.91,"end":1764.51},{"text":"provides","start":1764.51,"end":1764.87},{"text":"an","start":1764.87,"end":1764.99},{"text":"opportunity","start":1764.99,"end":1765.51},{"text":"to","start":1765.51,"end":1765.63},{"text":"take","start":1765.67,"end":1765.91},{"text":"stock","start":1765.91,"end":1766.31},{"text":"of","start":1766.31,"end":1766.47},{"text":"the","start":1766.47,"end":1766.55},{"text":"measures","start":1766.55,"end":1766.99},{"text":"adopted","start":1766.99,"end":1767.39},{"text":"at","start":1767.39,"end":1767.59},{"text":"national","start":1767.59,"end":1767.95},{"text":"level,","start":1767.95,"end":1768.31},{"text":"identify","start":1768.83,"end":1769.27},{"text":"good","start":1769.27,"end":1769.47},{"text":"practices","start":1769.51,"end":1770.23},{"text":"and","start":1770.23,"end":1770.43},{"text":"areas","start":1770.43,"end":1770.79},{"text":"where","start":1770.79,"end":1771.03},{"text":"further","start":1771.03,"end":1771.35},{"text":"progress","start":1771.35,"end":1771.83},{"text":"may","start":1771.83,"end":1771.99},{"text":"be","start":1771.99,"end":1772.15},{"text":"required.","start":1772.15,"end":1772.63}]},{"text":"Portugal is equally committed to promoting knowledge and implementation of international humanitarian law beyond its national context.","start":1773.59,"end":1780.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Portugal","start":1773.59,"end":1774.07},{"text":"is","start":1774.07,"end":1774.31},{"text":"equally","start":1774.31,"end":1774.63},{"text":"committed","start":1774.63,"end":1775.07},{"text":"to","start":1775.07,"end":1775.15},{"text":"promoting","start":1775.19,"end":1775.67},{"text":"knowledge","start":1775.67,"end":1776.11},{"text":"and","start":1776.11,"end":1776.23},{"text":"implementation","start":1776.23,"end":1776.91},{"text":"of","start":1776.91,"end":1777.03},{"text":"international","start":1777.03,"end":1777.59},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1777.59,"end":1778.23},{"text":"law","start":1778.23,"end":1778.47},{"text":"beyond","start":1778.87,"end":1779.19},{"text":"its","start":1779.19,"end":1779.35},{"text":"national","start":1779.35,"end":1779.75},{"text":"context.","start":1779.75,"end":1780.39}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Building on previous.","start":1780.79,"end":1781.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Building","start":1780.79,"end":1781.11},{"text":"on","start":1781.11,"end":1781.27},{"text":"previous.","start":1781.27,"end":1781.67}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Initiatives in this area, we are working with the community of Portuguese-speaking countries to develop IHL training in Portuguese, aimed at strengthening national capacities and encouraging the exchange of experiences and good practices within our community.","start":1781.67,"end":1796.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Initiatives","start":1781.67,"end":1782.23},{"text":"in","start":1782.23,"end":1782.35},{"text":"this","start":1782.35,"end":1782.55},{"text":"area,","start":1782.55,"end":1783.03},{"text":"we","start":1783.19,"end":1783.39},{"text":"are","start":1783.39,"end":1783.51},{"text":"working","start":1783.51,"end":1783.87},{"text":"with","start":1783.87,"end":1783.99},{"text":"the","start":1783.99,"end":1784.07},{"text":"community","start":1784.07,"end":1784.63},{"text":"of","start":1784.63,"end":1784.71},{"text":"Portuguese-speaking","start":1784.71,"end":1785.59},{"text":"countries","start":1785.59,"end":1786.07},{"text":"to","start":1786.07,"end":1786.23},{"text":"develop","start":1786.23,"end":1786.71},{"text":"IHL","start":1786.71,"end":1787.27},{"text":"training","start":1787.27,"end":1787.59},{"text":"in","start":1787.59,"end":1787.75},{"text":"Portuguese,","start":1787.75,"end":1788.39},{"text":"aimed","start":1788.87,"end":1789.11},{"text":"at","start":1789.11,"end":1789.19},{"text":"strengthening","start":1789.19,"end":1789.83},{"text":"national","start":1789.83,"end":1790.19},{"text":"capacities","start":1790.19,"end":1790.87},{"text":"and","start":1790.87,"end":1791.51},{"text":"encouraging","start":1791.83,"end":1792.39},{"text":"the","start":1792.39,"end":1792.51},{"text":"exchange","start":1792.51,"end":1792.99},{"text":"of","start":1792.99,"end":1793.11},{"text":"experiences","start":1793.11,"end":1793.99},{"text":"and","start":1794.31,"end":1794.47},{"text":"good","start":1794.47,"end":1794.63},{"text":"practices","start":1794.63,"end":1795.27},{"text":"within","start":1795.27,"end":1795.59},{"text":"our","start":1795.59,"end":1795.75},{"text":"community.","start":1795.75,"end":1796.39}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, universalization of the two additional protocols remains an important objective, but universalization alone is not enough.","start":1797.27,"end":1805.03,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1797.27,"end":1797.59},{"text":"Chair,","start":1797.59,"end":1797.91},{"text":"universalization","start":1797.91,"end":1798.95},{"text":"of","start":1798.95,"end":1799.03},{"text":"the","start":1799.03,"end":1799.15},{"text":"two","start":1799.19,"end":1799.35},{"text":"additional","start":1799.35,"end":1799.75},{"text":"protocols","start":1799.75,"end":1800.47},{"text":"remains","start":1800.71,"end":1801.15},{"text":"an","start":1801.15,"end":1801.27},{"text":"important","start":1801.27,"end":1801.75},{"text":"objective,","start":1801.75,"end":1802.39},{"text":"but","start":1802.71,"end":1802.91},{"text":"universalization","start":1802.91,"end":1803.95},{"text":"alone","start":1803.95,"end":1804.31},{"text":"is","start":1804.31,"end":1804.47},{"text":"not","start":1804.47,"end":1804.59},{"text":"enough.","start":1804.59,"end":1805.03}]},{"text":"The ultimate measure for our commitment to international humanitarian law lies in ensuring that its rules are known, implemented, and respected in practice.","start":1805.35,"end":1814.59,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1805.35,"end":1805.55},{"text":"ultimate","start":1805.55,"end":1805.99},{"text":"measure","start":1806.47,"end":1807.11},{"text":"for","start":1807.11,"end":1807.31},{"text":"our","start":1807.31,"end":1807.43},{"text":"commitment","start":1807.43,"end":1808.03},{"text":"to","start":1808.03,"end":1808.11},{"text":"international","start":1808.11,"end":1808.63},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1808.63,"end":1809.27},{"text":"law","start":1809.27,"end":1809.59},{"text":"lies","start":1810.11,"end":1810.43},{"text":"in","start":1810.43,"end":1810.55},{"text":"ensuring","start":1810.55,"end":1810.99},{"text":"that","start":1810.99,"end":1811.19},{"text":"its","start":1811.19,"end":1811.39},{"text":"rules","start":1811.39,"end":1811.75},{"text":"are","start":1811.75,"end":1811.87},{"text":"known,","start":1811.87,"end":1812.27},{"text":"implemented,","start":1812.27,"end":1812.99},{"text":"and","start":1812.99,"end":1813.23},{"text":"respected","start":1813.23,"end":1813.75},{"text":"in","start":1813.75,"end":1813.91},{"text":"practice.","start":1813.91,"end":1814.59}]},{"text":"At a time where those rules are under increasing strain, our response must be reaffirm their continued relevance and above all to ensure their effective application.","start":1815.47,"end":1825.15,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":1815.47,"end":1815.71},{"text":"a","start":1815.71,"end":1815.75},{"text":"time","start":1815.75,"end":1815.91},{"text":"where","start":1815.91,"end":1816.11},{"text":"those","start":1816.11,"end":1816.43},{"text":"rules","start":1816.67,"end":1817.07},{"text":"are","start":1817.07,"end":1817.35},{"text":"under","start":1817.35,"end":1817.71},{"text":"increasing","start":1817.71,"end":1818.27},{"text":"strain,","start":1818.27,"end":1818.75},{"text":"our","start":1819.07,"end":1819.27},{"text":"response","start":1819.27,"end":1819.79},{"text":"must","start":1819.79,"end":1820.11},{"text":"be","start":1820.11,"end":1820.27},{"text":"reaffirm","start":1820.27,"end":1820.83},{"text":"their","start":1820.83,"end":1821.07},{"text":"continued","start":1821.07,"end":1821.63},{"text":"relevance","start":1821.63,"end":1822.27},{"text":"and","start":1822.51,"end":1822.71},{"text":"above","start":1822.71,"end":1823.07},{"text":"all","start":1823.07,"end":1823.23},{"text":"to","start":1823.23,"end":1823.39},{"text":"ensure","start":1823.39,"end":1823.79},{"text":"their","start":1823.79,"end":1823.95},{"text":"effective","start":1823.95,"end":1824.39},{"text":"application.","start":1824.39,"end":1825.15}]},{"text":"As an elected member of the Security Council for 2027-2028 term, Portugal will remain firmly committed to promoting respect for international humanitarian law and ensuring that the protection of civilians affected by armed conflicts remains at the heart of the Council's work.","start":1826.15,"end":1842.71,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":1826.15,"end":1826.31},{"text":"an","start":1826.35,"end":1826.43},{"text":"elected","start":1826.43,"end":1826.87},{"text":"member","start":1826.87,"end":1827.27},{"text":"of","start":1827.27,"end":1827.43},{"text":"the","start":1827.43,"end":1827.51},{"text":"Security","start":1827.51,"end":1827.95},{"text":"Council","start":1827.99,"end":1828.47},{"text":"for","start":1828.47,"end":1828.71},{"text":"2027-2028","start":1828.71,"end":1830.83},{"text":"term,","start":1830.83,"end":1831.11},{"text":"Portugal","start":1831.55,"end":1832.07},{"text":"will","start":1832.07,"end":1832.31},{"text":"remain","start":1832.31,"end":1832.71},{"text":"firmly","start":1832.71,"end":1833.11},{"text":"committed","start":1833.11,"end":1833.55},{"text":"to","start":1833.55,"end":1833.63},{"text":"promoting","start":1833.63,"end":1834.15},{"text":"respect","start":1834.15,"end":1834.63},{"text":"for","start":1834.63,"end":1834.79},{"text":"international","start":1834.79,"end":1835.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":1835.31,"end":1835.99},{"text":"law","start":1835.99,"end":1836.23},{"text":"and","start":1836.63,"end":1836.83},{"text":"ensuring","start":1836.83,"end":1837.31},{"text":"that","start":1837.31,"end":1837.47},{"text":"the","start":1837.47,"end":1837.55},{"text":"protection","start":1837.55,"end":1838.07},{"text":"of","start":1838.07,"end":1838.15},{"text":"civilians","start":1838.15,"end":1838.75},{"text":"affected","start":1838.75,"end":1839.19},{"text":"by","start":1839.19,"end":1839.39},{"text":"armed","start":1839.39,"end":1839.59},{"text":"conflicts","start":1839.59,"end":1840.23},{"text":"remains","start":1840.55,"end":1841.11},{"text":"at","start":1841.11,"end":1841.27},{"text":"the","start":1841.27,"end":1841.39},{"text":"heart","start":1841.39,"end":1841.67},{"text":"of","start":1841.67,"end":1841.75},{"text":"the","start":1841.75,"end":1841.87},{"text":"Council's","start":1841.87,"end":1842.35},{"text":"work.","start":1842.35,"end":1842.71}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":1843.03,"end":1843.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1843.03,"end":1843.27},{"text":"you,","start":1843.27,"end":1843.35},{"text":"Madam","start":1843.35,"end":1843.59},{"text":"Chair.","start":1843.59,"end":1843.91}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"PRT","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Portugal"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":1844.87,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=30:45","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Portugal for her statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of the State of Palestine.","start":1844.87,"end":1852.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1844.87,"end":1844.95},{"text":"thank","start":1845.03,"end":1845.27},{"text":"the","start":1845.27,"end":1845.35},{"text":"distinguished","start":1845.35,"end":1845.99},{"text":"representative","start":1845.99,"end":1846.79},{"text":"of","start":1846.79,"end":1846.87},{"text":"Portugal","start":1846.87,"end":1847.51},{"text":"for","start":1847.59,"end":1847.83},{"text":"her","start":1847.83,"end":1847.99},{"text":"statement,","start":1847.99,"end":1848.59},{"text":"and","start":1848.59,"end":1848.75},{"text":"I","start":1848.75,"end":1848.79},{"text":"give","start":1848.79,"end":1849.03},{"text":"the","start":1849.03,"end":1849.11},{"text":"floor","start":1849.11,"end":1849.43},{"text":"to","start":1849.43,"end":1849.55},{"text":"the","start":1849.55,"end":1849.63},{"text":"distinguished","start":1849.63,"end":1850.23},{"text":"representative","start":1850.23,"end":1850.91},{"text":"of","start":1850.91,"end":1851.03},{"text":"the","start":1851.03,"end":1851.11},{"text":"State","start":1851.11,"end":1851.51},{"text":"of","start":1851.51,"end":1851.67},{"text":"Palestine.","start":1851.67,"end":1852.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":14,"start":1854.95,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=30:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Ambassador, for giving me the floor.","start":1854.95,"end":1857.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1854.95,"end":1855.19},{"text":"you,","start":1855.19,"end":1855.27},{"text":"Madam","start":1855.27,"end":1855.59},{"text":"Ambassador,","start":1855.63,"end":1856.23},{"text":"for","start":1856.23,"end":1856.39},{"text":"giving","start":1856.39,"end":1856.79},{"text":"me","start":1856.79,"end":1856.91},{"text":"the","start":1856.91,"end":1857.03},{"text":"floor.","start":1857.03,"end":1857.59}]},{"text":"And allow me to begin with a point of an order.","start":1858.19,"end":1861.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1858.19,"end":1858.31},{"text":"allow","start":1858.31,"end":1858.51},{"text":"me","start":1858.51,"end":1858.95},{"text":"to","start":1858.95,"end":1859.03},{"text":"begin","start":1859.03,"end":1859.51},{"text":"with","start":1859.51,"end":1859.79},{"text":"a","start":1859.79,"end":1859.83},{"text":"point","start":1859.91,"end":1860.55},{"text":"of","start":1860.63,"end":1860.87},{"text":"an","start":1860.91,"end":1861.11},{"text":"order.","start":1861.11,"end":1861.59}]},{"text":"Yesterday, in their second right of reply, the Israeli delegation blurted out disrespectful, inappropriate, and sexist comments targeted against me owing to my gender.","start":1862.87,"end":1875.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yesterday,","start":1862.87,"end":1863.59},{"text":"in","start":1863.59,"end":1863.83},{"text":"their","start":1863.83,"end":1863.99},{"text":"second","start":1863.99,"end":1864.39},{"text":"right","start":1864.39,"end":1864.63},{"text":"of","start":1864.63,"end":1864.79},{"text":"reply,","start":1864.79,"end":1865.27},{"text":"the","start":1865.43,"end":1865.55},{"text":"Israeli","start":1865.55,"end":1866.31},{"text":"delegation","start":1866.31,"end":1867.27},{"text":"blurted","start":1867.51,"end":1868.15},{"text":"out","start":1868.23,"end":1868.35},{"text":"disrespectful,","start":1868.39,"end":1869.59},{"text":"inappropriate,","start":1869.59,"end":1870.63},{"text":"and","start":1870.63,"end":1870.79},{"text":"sexist","start":1870.79,"end":1871.43},{"text":"comments","start":1871.43,"end":1872.07},{"text":"targeted","start":1872.63,"end":1873.19},{"text":"against","start":1873.19,"end":1873.63},{"text":"me","start":1873.63,"end":1873.99},{"text":"owing","start":1873.99,"end":1874.39},{"text":"to","start":1874.39,"end":1874.55},{"text":"my","start":1874.55,"end":1874.79},{"text":"gender.","start":1874.79,"end":1875.35}]},{"text":"The Israeli delegation referenced mean girls, evoking a sexist imagery.","start":1875.99,"end":1881.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1875.99,"end":1876.11},{"text":"Israeli","start":1876.11,"end":1876.71},{"text":"delegation","start":1876.71,"end":1877.43},{"text":"referenced","start":1877.43,"end":1878.23},{"text":"mean","start":1878.31,"end":1878.71},{"text":"girls,","start":1878.71,"end":1879.35},{"text":"evoking","start":1879.43,"end":1880.15},{"text":"a","start":1880.15,"end":1880.19},{"text":"sexist","start":1880.19,"end":1880.79},{"text":"imagery.","start":1880.79,"end":1881.43}]},{"text":"that has long been wielded against female diplomats in order to silence us, to intimidate us, or to undermine our authority.","start":1881.95,"end":1891.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"that","start":1881.95,"end":1882.19},{"text":"has","start":1882.19,"end":1882.43},{"text":"long","start":1882.43,"end":1882.67},{"text":"been","start":1882.67,"end":1882.99},{"text":"wielded","start":1882.99,"end":1883.55},{"text":"against","start":1883.55,"end":1884.19},{"text":"female","start":1884.19,"end":1884.59},{"text":"diplomats","start":1884.59,"end":1885.47},{"text":"in","start":1885.87,"end":1886.11},{"text":"order","start":1886.11,"end":1886.43},{"text":"to","start":1886.43,"end":1886.59},{"text":"silence","start":1886.59,"end":1887.15},{"text":"us,","start":1887.15,"end":1887.39},{"text":"to","start":1887.71,"end":1887.83},{"text":"intimidate","start":1887.83,"end":1888.59},{"text":"us,","start":1888.59,"end":1888.91},{"text":"or","start":1889.23,"end":1889.39},{"text":"to","start":1889.39,"end":1889.55},{"text":"undermine","start":1889.55,"end":1890.27},{"text":"our","start":1890.27,"end":1890.67},{"text":"authority.","start":1890.67,"end":1891.31}]},{"text":"This sexist imagery is not just disrespectful to me, but to all the female diplomats in this room who were equally outraged by the sexist comments made by the Israeli delegation.","start":1892.03,"end":1904.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1892.03,"end":1892.23},{"text":"sexist","start":1892.23,"end":1892.75},{"text":"imagery","start":1892.75,"end":1893.39},{"text":"is","start":1893.63,"end":1893.79},{"text":"not","start":1893.79,"end":1894.03},{"text":"just","start":1894.03,"end":1894.27},{"text":"disrespectful","start":1894.27,"end":1895.23},{"text":"to","start":1895.23,"end":1895.35},{"text":"me,","start":1895.35,"end":1895.79},{"text":"but","start":1896.19,"end":1896.47},{"text":"to","start":1896.47,"end":1896.63},{"text":"all","start":1896.63,"end":1896.83},{"text":"the","start":1896.83,"end":1896.91},{"text":"female","start":1896.91,"end":1897.55},{"text":"diplomats","start":1897.55,"end":1898.27},{"text":"in","start":1898.27,"end":1898.43},{"text":"this","start":1898.43,"end":1898.67},{"text":"room","start":1898.67,"end":1899.07},{"text":"who","start":1899.39,"end":1899.63},{"text":"were","start":1899.63,"end":1899.87},{"text":"equally","start":1899.87,"end":1900.43},{"text":"outraged","start":1900.43,"end":1901.07},{"text":"by","start":1901.07,"end":1901.23},{"text":"the","start":1901.23,"end":1901.35},{"text":"sexist","start":1901.35,"end":1901.87},{"text":"comments","start":1901.87,"end":1902.35},{"text":"made","start":1902.35,"end":1902.67},{"text":"by","start":1902.67,"end":1902.83},{"text":"the","start":1902.83,"end":1902.91},{"text":"Israeli","start":1902.91,"end":1903.63},{"text":"delegation.","start":1903.63,"end":1904.43}]},{"text":"If a male diplomat was sitting in my seat, I do not think that the Israeli delegation would have said, \"mean 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trust, Madam Ambassador, and I hope that you will be able to enforce an environment where sexism is not tolerated and where sexist comments directed against female diplomats by any delegations are rejected and are condemned.","start":1914.63,"end":1933.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1914.63,"end":1914.79},{"text":"trust,","start":1914.79,"end":1915.27},{"text":"Madam","start":1915.27,"end":1915.67},{"text":"Ambassador,","start":1915.67,"end":1916.47},{"text":"and","start":1916.87,"end":1917.07},{"text":"I","start":1917.07,"end":1917.19},{"text":"hope","start":1917.19,"end":1917.59},{"text":"that","start":1918.07,"end":1918.23},{"text":"you","start":1918.23,"end":1918.39},{"text":"will","start":1918.39,"end":1918.55},{"text":"be","start":1918.55,"end":1918.71},{"text":"able","start":1918.71,"end":1919.03},{"text":"to","start":1919.03,"end":1919.23},{"text":"enforce","start":1919.23,"end":1919.83},{"text":"an","start":1919.83,"end":1919.99},{"text":"environment","start":1919.99,"end":1920.87},{"text":"where","start":1921.31,"end":1921.51},{"text":"sexism","start":1921.51,"end":1922.23},{"text":"is","start":1922.23,"end":1922.47},{"text":"not","start":1922.47,"end":1922.87},{"text":"tolerated","start":1923.03,"end":1923.99},{"text":"and","start":1924.63,"end":1924.79},{"text":"where","start":1924.79,"end":1924.95},{"text":"sexist","start":1924.95,"end":1925.51},{"text":"comments","start":1925.51,"end":1925.99},{"text":"directed","start":1925.99,"end":1926.63},{"text":"against","start":1926.63,"end":1927.11},{"text":"female","start":1927.11,"end":1927.51},{"text":"diplomats","start":1927.51,"end":1928.31},{"text":"by","start":1928.79,"end":1929.11},{"text":"any","start":1929.11,"end":1929.35},{"text":"delegations","start":1929.35,"end":1930.31},{"text":"are","start":1930.87,"end":1930.99},{"text":"rejected","start":1931.03,"end":1931.75},{"text":"and","start":1932.47,"end":1932.79},{"text":"are","start":1932.79,"end":1932.95},{"text":"condemned.","start":1932.95,"end":1933.67}]},{"text":"and let alone by a delegation that is known across the United Nations for its emotional outbursts, for its aggressive tantrums, and for its undiplomatic blusters.","start":1934.03,"end":1946.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":1934.03,"end":1934.23},{"text":"let","start":1934.23,"end":1934.43},{"text":"alone","start":1934.43,"end":1934.99},{"text":"by","start":1935.07,"end":1935.31},{"text":"a","start":1935.39,"end":1935.43},{"text":"delegation","start":1935.43,"end":1936.27},{"text":"that","start":1936.83,"end":1936.99},{"text":"is","start":1936.99,"end":1937.15},{"text":"known","start":1937.15,"end":1937.47},{"text":"across","start":1937.47,"end":1937.99},{"text":"the","start":1937.99,"end":1938.07},{"text":"United","start":1938.07,"end":1938.55},{"text":"Nations","start":1938.55,"end":1939.23},{"text":"for","start":1939.55,"end":1939.79},{"text":"its","start":1939.79,"end":1939.95},{"text":"emotional","start":1939.95,"end":1940.67},{"text":"outbursts,","start":1940.75,"end":1941.51},{"text":"for","start":1941.55,"end":1941.75},{"text":"its","start":1941.75,"end":1941.95},{"text":"aggressive","start":1941.95,"end":1942.75},{"text":"tantrums,","start":1943.47,"end":1944.19},{"text":"and","start":1944.19,"end":1944.35},{"text":"for","start":1944.35,"end":1944.51},{"text":"its","start":1944.51,"end":1944.91},{"text":"undiplomatic","start":1944.91,"end":1945.87},{"text":"blusters.","start":1946.11,"end":1946.91}]},{"text":"I am ready to move to our statement.","start":1947.79,"end":1949.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1947.79,"end":1947.91},{"text":"am","start":1947.91,"end":1948.03},{"text":"ready","start":1948.03,"end":1948.27},{"text":"to","start":1948.27,"end":1948.39},{"text":"move","start":1948.39,"end":1948.67},{"text":"to","start":1948.67,"end":1948.87},{"text":"our","start":1948.87,"end":1949.07},{"text":"statement.","start":1949.07,"end":1949.63}]},{"text":"The State of Palestine welcomes the report of the Secretary-General on the status of the protocols additional to the Geneva Convention of 1949 and relating to the protection of victims of armed conflict, and reaffirms the support to the agenda item.","start":1951.39,"end":1968.39,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1951.39,"end":1951.55},{"text":"State","start":1951.55,"end":1951.79},{"text":"of","start":1951.83,"end":1951.95},{"text":"Palestine","start":1951.95,"end":1952.67},{"text":"welcomes","start":1952.91,"end":1953.51},{"text":"the","start":1953.51,"end":1953.59},{"text":"report","start":1953.59,"end":1954.03},{"text":"of","start":1954.03,"end":1954.11},{"text":"the","start":1954.11,"end":1954.23},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":1954.23,"end":1955.39},{"text":"on","start":1956.11,"end":1956.27},{"text":"the","start":1956.27,"end":1956.39},{"text":"status","start":1956.39,"end":1956.95},{"text":"of","start":1956.95,"end":1957.07},{"text":"the","start":1957.07,"end":1957.23},{"text":"protocols","start":1957.23,"end":1957.87},{"text":"additional","start":1957.87,"end":1958.39},{"text":"to","start":1958.39,"end":1958.51},{"text":"the","start":1958.51,"end":1958.63},{"text":"Geneva","start":1958.63,"end":1959.07},{"text":"Convention","start":1959.07,"end":1959.79},{"text":"of","start":1959.79,"end":1959.95},{"text":"1949","start":1959.95,"end":1961.23},{"text":"and","start":1961.67,"end":1961.87},{"text":"relating","start":1961.87,"end":1962.31},{"text":"to","start":1962.31,"end":1962.43},{"text":"the","start":1962.43,"end":1962.55},{"text":"protection","start":1962.55,"end":1963.07},{"text":"of","start":1963.07,"end":1963.23},{"text":"victims","start":1963.23,"end":1963.87},{"text":"of","start":1963.87,"end":1964.07},{"text":"armed","start":1964.07,"end":1964.39},{"text":"conflict,","start":1964.39,"end":1965.03},{"text":"and","start":1965.67,"end":1965.91},{"text":"reaffirms","start":1965.91,"end":1966.47},{"text":"the","start":1966.47,"end":1966.59},{"text":"support","start":1966.59,"end":1967.07},{"text":"to","start":1967.07,"end":1967.19},{"text":"the","start":1967.19,"end":1967.31},{"text":"agenda","start":1967.31,"end":1967.83},{"text":"item.","start":1967.83,"end":1968.39}]},{"text":"The State of Palestine is deeply committed to the protection of civilians.","start":1969.11,"end":1973.03,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1969.11,"end":1969.23},{"text":"State","start":1969.23,"end":1969.51},{"text":"of","start":1969.51,"end":1969.59},{"text":"Palestine","start":1969.59,"end":1970.39},{"text":"is","start":1970.39,"end":1970.55},{"text":"deeply","start":1970.55,"end":1970.87},{"text":"committed","start":1970.87,"end":1971.35},{"text":"to","start":1971.35,"end":1971.51},{"text":"the","start":1971.51,"end":1971.63},{"text":"protection","start":1971.63,"end":1972.15},{"text":"of","start":1972.15,"end":1972.23},{"text":"civilians.","start":1972.23,"end":1973.03}]},{"text":"We are deeply committed to ensure respect for and implementation of the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocol.","start":1973.59,"end":1980.15,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1973.59,"end":1973.79},{"text":"are","start":1973.79,"end":1973.91},{"text":"deeply","start":1973.91,"end":1974.39},{"text":"committed","start":1974.39,"end":1974.83},{"text":"to","start":1974.83,"end":1974.99},{"text":"ensure","start":1974.99,"end":1975.39},{"text":"respect","start":1975.39,"end":1975.91},{"text":"for","start":1975.91,"end":1976.23},{"text":"and","start":1976.23,"end":1976.43},{"text":"implementation","start":1976.43,"end":1977.35},{"text":"of","start":1977.35,"end":1977.51},{"text":"the","start":1977.51,"end":1977.63},{"text":"Geneva","start":1977.63,"end":1977.99},{"text":"Conventions","start":1977.99,"end":1978.75},{"text":"and","start":1978.75,"end":1978.91},{"text":"their","start":1978.91,"end":1979.07},{"text":"Additional","start":1979.07,"end":1979.51},{"text":"Protocol.","start":1979.51,"end":1980.15}]},{"text":"The Palestinian people are proud of the central role we played in formulating these protocols.","start":1981.59,"end":1988.07,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1981.59,"end":1981.75},{"text":"Palestinian","start":1981.75,"end":1983.51},{"text":"people","start":1983.51,"end":1983.91},{"text":"are","start":1983.91,"end":1984.07},{"text":"proud","start":1984.07,"end":1984.55},{"text":"of","start":1984.55,"end":1984.71},{"text":"the","start":1984.71,"end":1984.79},{"text":"central","start":1984.79,"end":1985.39},{"text":"role","start":1985.39,"end":1985.59},{"text":"we","start":1985.59,"end":1985.75},{"text":"played","start":1985.75,"end":1986.15},{"text":"in","start":1986.15,"end":1986.31},{"text":"formulating","start":1986.31,"end":1987.03},{"text":"these","start":1987.03,"end":1987.27},{"text":"protocols.","start":1987.27,"end":1988.07}]},{"text":"Shauqi Armaly, the Palestinian lawyer representing the Palestine Liberation Organization during the negotiations, said in his opening statement that the Additional Protocols must seek, and I quote, \"the protection of the civilian population against the atrocities committed by colonialist and racist powers.\"","start":1988.83,"end":2008.11,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Shauqi","start":1988.83,"end":1989.31},{"text":"Armaly,","start":1989.31,"end":1989.95},{"text":"the","start":1990.11,"end":1990.27},{"text":"Palestinian","start":1990.27,"end":1990.99},{"text":"lawyer","start":1990.99,"end":1991.31},{"text":"representing","start":1991.31,"end":1991.91},{"text":"the","start":1991.91,"end":1992.03},{"text":"Palestine","start":1992.03,"end":1992.59},{"text":"Liberation","start":1992.59,"end":1993.11},{"text":"Organization","start":1993.11,"end":1993.95},{"text":"during","start":1993.95,"end":1994.27},{"text":"the","start":1994.27,"end":1994.35},{"text":"negotiations,","start":1994.35,"end":1995.47},{"text":"said","start":1995.87,"end":1996.27},{"text":"in","start":1996.27,"end":1996.43},{"text":"his","start":1996.43,"end":1996.59},{"text":"opening","start":1996.59,"end":1997.07},{"text":"statement","start":1997.07,"end":1997.79},{"text":"that","start":1998.19,"end":1998.39},{"text":"the","start":1998.43,"end":1998.55},{"text":"Additional","start":1998.55,"end":1998.99},{"text":"Protocols","start":1998.99,"end":1999.63},{"text":"must","start":1999.63,"end":1999.87},{"text":"seek,","start":1999.87,"end":2000.27},{"text":"and","start":2000.27,"end":2000.47},{"text":"I","start":2000.47,"end":2000.51},{"text":"quote,","start":2000.51,"end":2000.99},{"text":"\"the","start":2001.31,"end":2001.47},{"text":"protection","start":2001.47,"end":2002.03},{"text":"of","start":2002.03,"end":2002.15},{"text":"the","start":2002.15,"end":2002.27},{"text":"civilian","start":2002.27,"end":2002.75},{"text":"population","start":2002.75,"end":2003.55},{"text":"against","start":2003.55,"end":2003.99},{"text":"the","start":2003.99,"end":2004.07},{"text":"atrocities","start":2004.07,"end":2004.67},{"text":"committed","start":2004.67,"end":2005.15},{"text":"by","start":2005.15,"end":2005.31},{"text":"colonialist","start":2005.31,"end":2006.91},{"text":"and","start":2006.91,"end":2007.07},{"text":"racist","start":2007.07,"end":2007.47},{"text":"powers.\"","start":2007.47,"end":2008.11}]},{"text":"Through negotiations and alongside other liberation movements and newly independent states from the global south, the 1977 Additional Protocols indeed recognize the situations to which the protection of the law extends to, and I quote, \"include armed conflicts in which people are fighting against colonial domination and alien occupation and against racist regimes in the exercise of their right to self-determination, as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations a declaration on principles of international law concerning friendly relations and cooperation among states in accordance with the charter of the UN.","start":2009.19,"end":2048.07,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":2009.19,"end":2009.51},{"text":"negotiations","start":2009.51,"end":2010.71},{"text":"and","start":2010.71,"end":2010.91},{"text":"alongside","start":2010.91,"end":2011.43},{"text":"other","start":2011.43,"end":2011.75},{"text":"liberation","start":2011.75,"end":2012.31},{"text":"movements","start":2012.31,"end":2012.95},{"text":"and","start":2012.95,"end":2013.19},{"text":"newly","start":2013.19,"end":2013.51},{"text":"independent","start":2013.51,"end":2014.19},{"text":"states","start":2014.19,"end":2014.55},{"text":"from","start":2014.55,"end":2014.71},{"text":"the","start":2014.71,"end":2014.83},{"text":"global","start":2014.83,"end":2015.19},{"text":"south,","start":2015.19,"end":2015.67},{"text":"the","start":2016.15,"end":2016.27},{"text":"1977","start":2016.27,"end":2017.43},{"text":"Additional","start":2017.43,"end":2017.83},{"text":"Protocols","start":2017.83,"end":2018.55},{"text":"indeed","start":2018.55,"end":2019.07},{"text":"recognize","start":2019.07,"end":2019.63},{"text":"the","start":2019.63,"end":2019.71},{"text":"situations","start":2019.71,"end":2020.71},{"text":"to","start":2020.95,"end":2021.07},{"text":"which","start":2021.07,"end":2021.27},{"text":"the","start":2021.27,"end":2021.43},{"text":"protection","start":2021.43,"end":2021.95},{"text":"of","start":2021.95,"end":2022.07},{"text":"the","start":2022.07,"end":2022.15},{"text":"law","start":2022.15,"end":2022.39},{"text":"extends","start":2022.39,"end":2023.03},{"text":"to,","start":2023.03,"end":2023.35},{"text":"and","start":2024.15,"end":2024.31},{"text":"I","start":2024.31,"end":2024.39},{"text":"quote,","start":2024.39,"end":2024.87},{"text":"\"include","start":2024.87,"end":2025.27},{"text":"armed","start":2025.27,"end":2025.47},{"text":"conflicts","start":2025.47,"end":2026.19},{"text":"in","start":2026.47,"end":2026.63},{"text":"which","start":2026.63,"end":2026.87},{"text":"people","start":2026.87,"end":2027.27},{"text":"are","start":2027.27,"end":2027.43},{"text":"fighting","start":2027.43,"end":2027.99},{"text":"against","start":2027.99,"end":2028.31},{"text":"colonial","start":2028.31,"end":2028.79},{"text":"domination","start":2028.79,"end":2029.59},{"text":"and","start":2029.59,"end":2029.71},{"text":"alien","start":2029.71,"end":2029.99},{"text":"occupation","start":2029.99,"end":2030.79},{"text":"and","start":2031.11,"end":2031.31},{"text":"against","start":2031.31,"end":2031.71},{"text":"racist","start":2031.71,"end":2032.23},{"text":"regimes","start":2032.23,"end":2032.79},{"text":"in","start":2032.79,"end":2032.91},{"text":"the","start":2032.91,"end":2032.99},{"text":"exercise","start":2032.99,"end":2033.75},{"text":"of","start":2033.75,"end":2033.91},{"text":"their","start":2033.91,"end":2034.11},{"text":"right","start":2034.11,"end":2034.35},{"text":"to","start":2034.35,"end":2034.47},{"text":"self-determination,","start":2034.47,"end":2035.59},{"text":"as","start":2035.99,"end":2036.19},{"text":"enshrined","start":2036.19,"end":2036.71},{"text":"in","start":2036.71,"end":2036.83},{"text":"the","start":2036.83,"end":2036.95},{"text":"Charter","start":2036.95,"end":2037.47},{"text":"of","start":2037.47,"end":2037.59},{"text":"the","start":2037.59,"end":2037.67},{"text":"United","start":2037.67,"end":2038.15},{"text":"Nations","start":2038.15,"end":2038.71},{"text":"a","start":2039.19,"end":2039.2},{"text":"declaration","start":2039.19,"end":2039.87},{"text":"on","start":2039.87,"end":2039.99},{"text":"principles","start":2039.99,"end":2040.59},{"text":"of","start":2040.59,"end":2040.71},{"text":"international","start":2040.71,"end":2041.79},{"text":"law","start":2041.79,"end":2041.87},{"text":"concerning","start":2041.91,"end":2042.55},{"text":"friendly","start":2042.55,"end":2042.91},{"text":"relations","start":2042.91,"end":2043.59},{"text":"and","start":2043.91,"end":2044.15},{"text":"cooperation","start":2044.15,"end":2044.87},{"text":"among","start":2044.87,"end":2045.19},{"text":"states","start":2045.19,"end":2045.67},{"text":"in","start":2045.91,"end":2046.15},{"text":"accordance","start":2046.15,"end":2046.67},{"text":"with","start":2046.67,"end":2046.83},{"text":"the","start":2046.83,"end":2046.95},{"text":"charter","start":2046.95,"end":2047.39},{"text":"of","start":2047.39,"end":2047.51},{"text":"the","start":2047.51,"end":2047.63},{"text":"UN.","start":2047.63,"end":2048.07}]},{"text":"Shaouki Armailli then said that the 1977 Additional Protocols reconfirmed the legitimacy of the struggles of people exercising their right to self-determination.","start":2049.43,"end":2059.75,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Shaouki","start":2049.43,"end":2049.91},{"text":"Armailli","start":2049.91,"end":2050.39},{"text":"then","start":2050.39,"end":2050.63},{"text":"said","start":2050.63,"end":2051.03},{"text":"that","start":2051.43,"end":2051.67},{"text":"the","start":2051.67,"end":2051.75},{"text":"1977","start":2051.75,"end":2052.95},{"text":"Additional","start":2052.95,"end":2053.35},{"text":"Protocols","start":2053.35,"end":2054.15},{"text":"reconfirmed","start":2054.39,"end":2055.07},{"text":"the","start":2055.07,"end":2055.19},{"text":"legitimacy","start":2055.19,"end":2055.83},{"text":"of","start":2055.83,"end":2055.99},{"text":"the","start":2055.99,"end":2056.07},{"text":"struggles","start":2056.07,"end":2056.59},{"text":"of","start":2056.59,"end":2056.71},{"text":"people","start":2056.71,"end":2057.23},{"text":"exercising","start":2057.23,"end":2057.99},{"text":"their","start":2057.99,"end":2058.23},{"text":"right","start":2058.23,"end":2058.43},{"text":"to","start":2058.43,"end":2058.51},{"text":"self-determination.","start":2058.55,"end":2059.75}]},{"text":"The 1977 Additional Protocols represented a moral, legal, and diplomatic revolution.","start":2060.71,"end":2066.79,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2060.71,"end":2060.83},{"text":"1977","start":2060.83,"end":2062.07},{"text":"Additional","start":2062.07,"end":2062.47},{"text":"Protocols","start":2062.47,"end":2063.35},{"text":"represented","start":2063.35,"end":2064.11},{"text":"a","start":2064.11,"end":2064.15},{"text":"moral,","start":2064.15,"end":2064.59},{"text":"legal,","start":2064.63,"end":2065.19},{"text":"and","start":2065.19,"end":2065.35},{"text":"diplomatic","start":2065.35,"end":2065.99},{"text":"revolution.","start":2065.99,"end":2066.79}]},{"text":"and they remain at the core of the contemporary international humanitarian law.","start":2067.39,"end":2071.39,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":2067.39,"end":2067.51},{"text":"they","start":2067.51,"end":2067.67},{"text":"remain","start":2067.67,"end":2068.11},{"text":"at","start":2068.11,"end":2068.19},{"text":"the","start":2068.19,"end":2068.35},{"text":"core","start":2068.35,"end":2068.63},{"text":"of","start":2068.63,"end":2068.75},{"text":"the","start":2068.75,"end":2068.83},{"text":"contemporary","start":2068.83,"end":2069.63},{"text":"international","start":2069.63,"end":2070.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2070.35,"end":2071.07},{"text":"law.","start":2071.07,"end":2071.39}]},{"text":"They enshrined a new imperative to protect the civilian population and the rights of individuals and peoples, and reshaped international law.","start":2072.03,"end":2080.19,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2072.03,"end":2072.23},{"text":"enshrined","start":2072.23,"end":2072.91},{"text":"a","start":2072.99,"end":2073.03},{"text":"new","start":2073.03,"end":2073.31},{"text":"imperative","start":2073.31,"end":2073.95},{"text":"to","start":2073.95,"end":2074.07},{"text":"protect","start":2074.07,"end":2074.43},{"text":"the","start":2074.43,"end":2074.55},{"text":"civilian","start":2074.55,"end":2075.07},{"text":"population","start":2075.07,"end":2075.87},{"text":"and","start":2076.27,"end":2076.47},{"text":"the","start":2076.47,"end":2076.55},{"text":"rights","start":2076.55,"end":2076.83},{"text":"of","start":2076.83,"end":2076.95},{"text":"individuals","start":2076.95,"end":2077.75},{"text":"and","start":2077.75,"end":2077.91},{"text":"peoples,","start":2077.91,"end":2078.59},{"text":"and","start":2078.59,"end":2078.75},{"text":"reshaped","start":2078.75,"end":2079.31},{"text":"international","start":2079.31,"end":2080.07},{"text":"law.","start":2080.07,"end":2080.19}]},{"text":"While the international community rallied behind and supported the Additional Protocols, Israel was the only state that voted against the adoption of the Additional Protocols in its entirety.","start":2081.07,"end":2091.87,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2081.07,"end":2081.35},{"text":"the","start":2081.35,"end":2081.47},{"text":"international","start":2081.47,"end":2082.19},{"text":"community","start":2082.19,"end":2082.75},{"text":"rallied","start":2082.75,"end":2083.15},{"text":"behind","start":2083.15,"end":2083.63},{"text":"and","start":2083.63,"end":2083.75},{"text":"supported","start":2083.75,"end":2084.27},{"text":"the","start":2084.27,"end":2084.39},{"text":"Additional","start":2084.39,"end":2084.83},{"text":"Protocols,","start":2084.83,"end":2085.71},{"text":"Israel","start":2086.27,"end":2086.91},{"text":"was","start":2086.99,"end":2087.27},{"text":"the","start":2087.27,"end":2087.39},{"text":"only","start":2087.39,"end":2087.75},{"text":"state","start":2087.75,"end":2088.11},{"text":"that","start":2088.11,"end":2088.27},{"text":"voted","start":2088.27,"end":2088.71},{"text":"against","start":2088.71,"end":2089.11},{"text":"the","start":2089.11,"end":2089.19},{"text":"adoption","start":2089.19,"end":2089.63},{"text":"of","start":2089.63,"end":2089.71},{"text":"the","start":2089.71,"end":2089.83},{"text":"Additional","start":2089.83,"end":2090.27},{"text":"Protocols","start":2090.27,"end":2090.87},{"text":"in","start":2090.87,"end":2090.99},{"text":"its","start":2090.99,"end":2091.15},{"text":"entirety.","start":2091.15,"end":2091.87}]},{"text":"Similarly, two years ago, they broke silence on the resolution.","start":2092.43,"end":2096.51,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Similarly,","start":2092.43,"end":2093.23},{"text":"two","start":2093.55,"end":2093.79},{"text":"years","start":2093.79,"end":2094.11},{"text":"ago,","start":2094.11,"end":2094.51},{"text":"they","start":2094.51,"end":2094.75},{"text":"broke","start":2094.75,"end":2094.99},{"text":"silence","start":2094.99,"end":2095.55},{"text":"on","start":2095.55,"end":2095.67},{"text":"the","start":2095.67,"end":2095.79},{"text":"resolution.","start":2095.79,"end":2096.51}]},{"text":"For Israel, they see the protection of civilians not as a necessity, but as an impediment and a hurdle to their criminality.","start":2097.39,"end":2104.75,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":2097.39,"end":2097.63},{"text":"Israel,","start":2097.63,"end":2098.19},{"text":"they","start":2098.43,"end":2098.59},{"text":"see","start":2098.59,"end":2098.83},{"text":"the","start":2098.83,"end":2098.95},{"text":"protection","start":2098.95,"end":2099.43},{"text":"of","start":2099.43,"end":2099.55},{"text":"civilians","start":2099.55,"end":2100.11},{"text":"not","start":2100.11,"end":2100.43},{"text":"as","start":2100.43,"end":2100.59},{"text":"a","start":2100.59,"end":2100.63},{"text":"necessity,","start":2100.63,"end":2101.39},{"text":"but","start":2101.71,"end":2101.91},{"text":"as","start":2101.91,"end":2102.11},{"text":"an","start":2102.11,"end":2102.19},{"text":"impediment","start":2102.19,"end":2102.99},{"text":"and","start":2102.99,"end":2103.15},{"text":"a","start":2103.15,"end":2103.19},{"text":"hurdle","start":2103.19,"end":2103.63},{"text":"to","start":2103.63,"end":2103.79},{"text":"their","start":2103.79,"end":2103.95},{"text":"criminality.","start":2103.95,"end":2104.75}]},{"text":"The entirety of the edifice of international humanitarian law was built around the singular principle, protecting those who do not take part in hostilities and those who no longer take part in hostilities.","start":2106.99,"end":2120.67,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2106.99,"end":2107.11},{"text":"entirety","start":2107.11,"end":2107.79},{"text":"of","start":2107.79,"end":2107.87},{"text":"the","start":2107.87,"end":2107.99},{"text":"edifice","start":2107.99,"end":2108.43},{"text":"of","start":2108.43,"end":2108.51},{"text":"international","start":2108.51,"end":2109.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2109.23,"end":2109.95},{"text":"law","start":2109.95,"end":2110.35},{"text":"was","start":2110.43,"end":2110.75},{"text":"built","start":2110.75,"end":2111.07},{"text":"around","start":2111.07,"end":2111.35},{"text":"the","start":2111.35,"end":2111.43},{"text":"singular","start":2111.43,"end":2112.27},{"text":"principle,","start":2112.67,"end":2114.27},{"text":"protecting","start":2114.71,"end":2115.31},{"text":"those","start":2115.31,"end":2115.63},{"text":"who","start":2115.63,"end":2115.71},{"text":"do","start":2115.71,"end":2115.83},{"text":"not","start":2115.83,"end":2116.07},{"text":"take","start":2116.07,"end":2116.23},{"text":"part","start":2116.23,"end":2116.51},{"text":"in","start":2116.51,"end":2116.67},{"text":"hostilities","start":2116.67,"end":2117.47},{"text":"and","start":2117.75,"end":2117.91},{"text":"those","start":2117.91,"end":2118.15},{"text":"who","start":2118.15,"end":2118.27},{"text":"no","start":2118.27,"end":2118.43},{"text":"longer","start":2118.43,"end":2118.83},{"text":"take","start":2118.83,"end":2119.07},{"text":"part","start":2119.07,"end":2119.55},{"text":"in","start":2119.63,"end":2119.79},{"text":"hostilities.","start":2119.79,"end":2120.67}]},{"text":"Who are we talking about?","start":2121.35,"end":2122.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":2121.35,"end":2121.43},{"text":"are","start":2121.43,"end":2121.59},{"text":"we","start":2121.59,"end":2121.71},{"text":"talking","start":2121.71,"end":2122.07},{"text":"about?","start":2122.07,"end":2122.47}]},{"text":"The civilians, the prisoners, the sick and the wounded, the humanitarian personnel, the children, the women, the journalists, the UN peacekeepers, the health workers.","start":2122.79,"end":2132.63,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2122.79,"end":2122.95},{"text":"civilians,","start":2122.95,"end":2123.67},{"text":"the","start":2123.67,"end":2123.83},{"text":"prisoners,","start":2123.83,"end":2124.63},{"text":"the","start":2124.79,"end":2124.87},{"text":"sick","start":2124.87,"end":2125.27},{"text":"and","start":2125.27,"end":2125.47},{"text":"the","start":2125.47,"end":2125.59},{"text":"wounded,","start":2125.59,"end":2126.15},{"text":"the","start":2126.47,"end":2126.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2126.55,"end":2127.27},{"text":"personnel,","start":2127.27,"end":2127.91},{"text":"the","start":2127.99,"end":2128.15},{"text":"children,","start":2128.15,"end":2128.63},{"text":"the","start":2128.63,"end":2128.79},{"text":"women,","start":2128.79,"end":2129.11},{"text":"the","start":2129.11,"end":2129.19},{"text":"journalists,","start":2129.19,"end":2129.95},{"text":"the","start":2130.31,"end":2130.39},{"text":"UN","start":2130.39,"end":2130.71},{"text":"peacekeepers,","start":2130.71,"end":2131.59},{"text":"the","start":2131.59,"end":2131.67},{"text":"health","start":2131.67,"end":2131.91},{"text":"workers.","start":2131.91,"end":2132.63}]},{"text":"These are precisely the victims in Palestine.","start":2132.95,"end":2135.99,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2132.95,"end":2133.19},{"text":"are","start":2133.19,"end":2133.35},{"text":"precisely","start":2133.35,"end":2133.99},{"text":"the","start":2133.99,"end":2134.07},{"text":"victims","start":2134.07,"end":2134.71},{"text":"in","start":2134.71,"end":2135.19},{"text":"Palestine.","start":2135.19,"end":2135.99}]},{"text":"Or to be more accurate, these are the primary targets in Palestine.","start":2137.27,"end":2141.27,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Or","start":2137.27,"end":2137.43},{"text":"to","start":2137.43,"end":2137.55},{"text":"be","start":2137.59,"end":2137.75},{"text":"more","start":2137.75,"end":2137.91},{"text":"accurate,","start":2137.91,"end":2138.55},{"text":"these","start":2138.71,"end":2138.95},{"text":"are","start":2138.95,"end":2139.11},{"text":"the","start":2139.11,"end":2139.27},{"text":"primary","start":2139.27,"end":2139.75},{"text":"targets","start":2139.75,"end":2140.35},{"text":"in","start":2140.35,"end":2140.47},{"text":"Palestine.","start":2140.47,"end":2141.27}]},{"text":"Those that the rules were made to protect the ones that are being systematically and discriminately attacked publicly and repeatedly.","start":2141.83,"end":2148.31,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Those","start":2141.83,"end":2142.19},{"text":"that","start":2142.19,"end":2142.31},{"text":"the","start":2142.31,"end":2142.47},{"text":"rules","start":2142.47,"end":2142.79},{"text":"were","start":2142.79,"end":2142.95},{"text":"made","start":2142.95,"end":2143.15},{"text":"to","start":2143.15,"end":2143.35},{"text":"protect","start":2143.35,"end":2143.75},{"text":"the","start":2143.75,"end":2143.83},{"text":"ones","start":2143.83,"end":2144.19},{"text":"that","start":2144.19,"end":2144.31},{"text":"are","start":2144.31,"end":2144.47},{"text":"being","start":2144.47,"end":2144.71},{"text":"systematically","start":2144.71,"end":2145.43},{"text":"and","start":2145.43,"end":2145.55},{"text":"discriminately","start":2145.55,"end":2146.31},{"text":"attacked","start":2146.31,"end":2146.79},{"text":"publicly","start":2146.79,"end":2147.43},{"text":"and","start":2147.43,"end":2147.59},{"text":"repeatedly.","start":2147.59,"end":2148.31}]},{"text":"No one should grow accustomed to these horrors and violations.","start":2149.55,"end":2152.59,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2149.55,"end":2149.67},{"text":"one","start":2149.67,"end":2149.83},{"text":"should","start":2149.83,"end":2150.03},{"text":"grow","start":2150.03,"end":2150.27},{"text":"accustomed","start":2150.27,"end":2150.79},{"text":"to","start":2150.79,"end":2150.91},{"text":"these","start":2150.91,"end":2151.15},{"text":"horrors","start":2151.15,"end":2151.55},{"text":"and","start":2151.55,"end":2151.67},{"text":"violations.","start":2151.67,"end":2152.59}]},{"text":"We need resolute action for accountability to end Israel's violations of IHL.","start":2152.91,"end":2157.55,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2152.91,"end":2153.07},{"text":"need","start":2153.07,"end":2153.39},{"text":"resolute","start":2153.39,"end":2153.95},{"text":"action","start":2153.95,"end":2154.35},{"text":"for","start":2154.35,"end":2154.47},{"text":"accountability","start":2154.47,"end":2155.15},{"text":"to","start":2155.15,"end":2155.39},{"text":"end","start":2155.39,"end":2155.63},{"text":"Israel's","start":2155.63,"end":2156.07},{"text":"violations","start":2156.07,"end":2156.75},{"text":"of","start":2156.75,"end":2156.91},{"text":"IHL.","start":2156.91,"end":2157.55}]},{"text":"Third states have obligations.","start":2158.27,"end":2160.27,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":2158.27,"end":2158.59},{"text":"states","start":2158.59,"end":2159.07},{"text":"have","start":2159.07,"end":2159.31},{"text":"obligations.","start":2159.31,"end":2160.27}]},{"text":"In its advisory opinion of 19 July 2024, the ICJ found that Israel's continued presence in the OTP to be unlawful.","start":2161.23,"end":2169.47,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2161.23,"end":2161.39},{"text":"its","start":2161.39,"end":2161.55},{"text":"advisory","start":2161.55,"end":2162.15},{"text":"opinion","start":2162.15,"end":2162.55},{"text":"of","start":2162.55,"end":2162.67},{"text":"19","start":2162.67,"end":2163.07},{"text":"July","start":2163.07,"end":2163.39},{"text":"2024,","start":2163.39,"end":2164.59},{"text":"the","start":2164.83,"end":2165.03},{"text":"ICJ","start":2165.03,"end":2165.55},{"text":"found","start":2165.55,"end":2165.91},{"text":"that","start":2165.91,"end":2166.11},{"text":"Israel's","start":2166.11,"end":2166.55},{"text":"continued","start":2166.55,"end":2167.07},{"text":"presence","start":2167.07,"end":2167.71},{"text":"in","start":2167.71,"end":2167.83},{"text":"the","start":2167.83,"end":2167.95},{"text":"OTP","start":2167.95,"end":2168.51},{"text":"to","start":2168.51,"end":2168.63},{"text":"be","start":2168.63,"end":2168.83},{"text":"unlawful.","start":2168.83,"end":2169.47}]},{"text":"It also recalled that Israel remains bound to comply with its obligations to respect the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination, which the ICJ confirmed to be a jus cogens norm.","start":2170.35,"end":2180.43,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2170.35,"end":2170.51},{"text":"also","start":2170.51,"end":2170.75},{"text":"recalled","start":2170.75,"end":2171.15},{"text":"that","start":2171.15,"end":2171.31},{"text":"Israel","start":2171.31,"end":2171.71},{"text":"remains","start":2171.71,"end":2172.11},{"text":"bound","start":2172.11,"end":2172.35},{"text":"to","start":2172.35,"end":2172.51},{"text":"comply","start":2172.51,"end":2172.91},{"text":"with","start":2172.91,"end":2173.07},{"text":"its","start":2173.07,"end":2173.23},{"text":"obligations","start":2173.23,"end":2174.03},{"text":"to","start":2174.03,"end":2174.15},{"text":"respect","start":2174.15,"end":2174.51},{"text":"the","start":2174.51,"end":2174.67},{"text":"right","start":2174.67,"end":2174.87},{"text":"of","start":2174.87,"end":2174.99},{"text":"the","start":2174.99,"end":2175.07},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2175.07,"end":2175.79},{"text":"people","start":2175.79,"end":2176.11},{"text":"to","start":2176.11,"end":2176.23},{"text":"self-determination,","start":2176.23,"end":2177.39},{"text":"which","start":2177.75,"end":2178.03},{"text":"the","start":2178.03,"end":2178.15},{"text":"ICJ","start":2178.15,"end":2178.59},{"text":"confirmed","start":2178.59,"end":2179.11},{"text":"to","start":2179.11,"end":2179.19},{"text":"be","start":2179.19,"end":2179.47},{"text":"a","start":2179.47,"end":2179.51},{"text":"jus","start":2179.51,"end":2179.63},{"text":"cogens","start":2179.63,"end":2180.07},{"text":"norm.","start":2180.07,"end":2180.43}]},{"text":"The court addressed the responsibility of the international community and of third states.","start":2181.31,"end":2185.55,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2181.31,"end":2181.47},{"text":"court","start":2181.47,"end":2181.79},{"text":"addressed","start":2181.79,"end":2182.19},{"text":"the","start":2182.19,"end":2182.27},{"text":"responsibility","start":2182.27,"end":2183.11},{"text":"of","start":2183.11,"end":2183.19},{"text":"the","start":2183.19,"end":2183.27},{"text":"international","start":2183.27,"end":2183.95},{"text":"community","start":2183.95,"end":2184.47},{"text":"and","start":2184.47,"end":2184.63},{"text":"of","start":2184.63,"end":2184.75},{"text":"third","start":2184.75,"end":2184.99},{"text":"states.","start":2184.99,"end":2185.55}]},{"text":"States are under an obligation not to recognize as legal the situation arising from Israel's unlawful presence in the occupied Palestinian territory, and not to render aid or assistance in maintaining the situation.","start":2186.11,"end":2199.15,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"States","start":2186.11,"end":2186.63},{"text":"are","start":2186.63,"end":2186.79},{"text":"under","start":2186.79,"end":2187.07},{"text":"an","start":2187.07,"end":2187.23},{"text":"obligation","start":2187.23,"end":2187.91},{"text":"not","start":2187.91,"end":2188.15},{"text":"to","start":2188.15,"end":2188.23},{"text":"recognize","start":2188.23,"end":2188.99},{"text":"as","start":2188.99,"end":2189.15},{"text":"legal","start":2189.15,"end":2189.47},{"text":"the","start":2189.47,"end":2189.63},{"text":"situation","start":2189.63,"end":2190.35},{"text":"arising","start":2190.35,"end":2190.79},{"text":"from","start":2190.79,"end":2190.99},{"text":"Israel's","start":2190.99,"end":2191.51},{"text":"unlawful","start":2191.51,"end":2191.95},{"text":"presence","start":2191.95,"end":2192.43},{"text":"in","start":2192.43,"end":2192.55},{"text":"the","start":2192.55,"end":2192.67},{"text":"occupied","start":2192.67,"end":2193.15},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2193.15,"end":2193.79},{"text":"territory,","start":2193.79,"end":2194.43},{"text":"and","start":2194.99,"end":2195.39},{"text":"not","start":2195.79,"end":2196.07},{"text":"to","start":2196.07,"end":2196.15},{"text":"render","start":2196.15,"end":2196.59},{"text":"aid","start":2196.59,"end":2196.87},{"text":"or","start":2196.87,"end":2197.07},{"text":"assistance","start":2197.07,"end":2197.63},{"text":"in","start":2197.63,"end":2197.71},{"text":"maintaining","start":2197.71,"end":2198.23},{"text":"the","start":2198.23,"end":2198.35},{"text":"situation.","start":2198.35,"end":2199.15}]},{"text":"They must also distinguish in their dealings between Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory.","start":2199.91,"end":2204.75,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2199.91,"end":2199.95},{"text":"must","start":2199.95,"end":2200.27},{"text":"also","start":2200.27,"end":2200.51},{"text":"distinguish","start":2200.51,"end":2201.15},{"text":"in","start":2201.15,"end":2201.31},{"text":"their","start":2201.31,"end":2201.47},{"text":"dealings","start":2201.47,"end":2202.03},{"text":"between","start":2202.03,"end":2202.39},{"text":"Israel","start":2202.39,"end":2202.75},{"text":"and","start":2202.75,"end":2202.95},{"text":"the","start":2202.95,"end":2203.03},{"text":"occupied","start":2203.03,"end":2203.47},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2203.47,"end":2204.11},{"text":"territory.","start":2204.11,"end":2204.75}]},{"text":"They must uphold the Geneva Conventions.","start":2205.39,"end":2207.71,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2205.39,"end":2205.55},{"text":"must","start":2205.55,"end":2205.83},{"text":"uphold","start":2205.83,"end":2206.31},{"text":"the","start":2206.31,"end":2206.43},{"text":"Geneva","start":2206.43,"end":2206.83},{"text":"Conventions.","start":2206.83,"end":2207.71}]},{"text":"And those findings must have meaning in practice.","start":2208.99,"end":2211.71,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2208.99,"end":2209.19},{"text":"those","start":2209.19,"end":2209.47},{"text":"findings","start":2209.47,"end":2209.87},{"text":"must","start":2209.87,"end":2210.15},{"text":"have","start":2210.15,"end":2210.35},{"text":"meaning","start":2210.35,"end":2210.83},{"text":"in","start":2210.83,"end":2210.99},{"text":"practice.","start":2210.99,"end":2211.71}]},{"text":"No state should assist Israel in maintaining an illegal situation created through occupation, settlement, or annexation.","start":2212.19,"end":2218.67,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2212.19,"end":2212.51},{"text":"state","start":2212.51,"end":2212.83},{"text":"should","start":2212.83,"end":2213.07},{"text":"assist","start":2213.07,"end":2213.55},{"text":"Israel","start":2213.55,"end":2213.95},{"text":"in","start":2213.95,"end":2214.11},{"text":"maintaining","start":2214.11,"end":2214.59},{"text":"an","start":2214.59,"end":2214.75},{"text":"illegal","start":2214.75,"end":2215.23},{"text":"situation","start":2215.23,"end":2215.95},{"text":"created","start":2215.95,"end":2216.35},{"text":"through","start":2216.35,"end":2216.59},{"text":"occupation,","start":2216.59,"end":2217.23},{"text":"settlement,","start":2217.23,"end":2217.71},{"text":"or","start":2217.71,"end":2217.87},{"text":"annexation.","start":2217.87,"end":2218.67}]},{"text":"No commercial relationship, financial flow, or other form of assistance should contribute to the perpetuation of the illegal settlements.","start":2219.55,"end":2226.59,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2219.55,"end":2219.79},{"text":"commercial","start":2219.79,"end":2220.35},{"text":"relationship,","start":2220.35,"end":2221.15},{"text":"financial","start":2221.15,"end":2221.71},{"text":"flow,","start":2221.71,"end":2222.23},{"text":"or","start":2222.23,"end":2222.39},{"text":"other","start":2222.39,"end":2222.67},{"text":"form","start":2222.67,"end":2222.91},{"text":"of","start":2222.91,"end":2223.03},{"text":"assistance","start":2223.03,"end":2223.59},{"text":"should","start":2223.59,"end":2223.75},{"text":"contribute","start":2223.75,"end":2224.31},{"text":"to","start":2224.31,"end":2224.39},{"text":"the","start":2224.39,"end":2224.51},{"text":"perpetuation","start":2224.51,"end":2225.39},{"text":"of","start":2225.39,"end":2225.47},{"text":"the","start":2225.47,"end":2225.59},{"text":"illegal","start":2225.59,"end":2226.03},{"text":"settlements.","start":2226.03,"end":2226.59}]},{"text":"And all states must support the realization of the Palestinian people's right to self-determination.","start":2227.39,"end":2232.19,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2227.39,"end":2227.55},{"text":"all","start":2227.55,"end":2227.71},{"text":"states","start":2227.71,"end":2228.15},{"text":"must","start":2228.15,"end":2228.35},{"text":"support","start":2228.35,"end":2228.71},{"text":"the","start":2228.71,"end":2228.79},{"text":"realization","start":2228.79,"end":2229.51},{"text":"of","start":2229.51,"end":2229.63},{"text":"the","start":2229.63,"end":2229.71},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2229.71,"end":2230.35},{"text":"people's","start":2230.35,"end":2230.75},{"text":"right","start":2230.75,"end":2231.03},{"text":"to","start":2231.03,"end":2231.11},{"text":"self-determination.","start":2231.11,"end":2232.19}]},{"text":"In short, no money, no trade, no arms to prolong the unlawful occupation, and sanctions and measures to bring it to an end.","start":2232.91,"end":2240.75,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2232.91,"end":2233.07},{"text":"short,","start":2233.07,"end":2233.55},{"text":"no","start":2233.79,"end":2234.07},{"text":"money,","start":2234.07,"end":2234.51},{"text":"no","start":2234.51,"end":2234.75},{"text":"trade,","start":2234.75,"end":2235.23},{"text":"no","start":2235.23,"end":2235.55},{"text":"arms","start":2235.55,"end":2235.95},{"text":"to","start":2235.95,"end":2236.11},{"text":"prolong","start":2236.11,"end":2236.51},{"text":"the","start":2236.51,"end":2236.63},{"text":"unlawful","start":2236.63,"end":2237.15},{"text":"occupation,","start":2237.15,"end":2237.95},{"text":"and","start":2238.27,"end":2238.47},{"text":"sanctions","start":2238.47,"end":2238.99},{"text":"and","start":2238.99,"end":2239.15},{"text":"measures","start":2239.15,"end":2239.55},{"text":"to","start":2239.55,"end":2239.71},{"text":"bring","start":2239.71,"end":2239.95},{"text":"it","start":2239.95,"end":2240.15},{"text":"to","start":2240.15,"end":2240.23},{"text":"an","start":2240.23,"end":2240.43},{"text":"end.","start":2240.43,"end":2240.75}]},{"text":"We welcome the sanctions and measures already adopted by states, but they must genuinely be of a nature to deter violations and reverse annexation.","start":2241.71,"end":2250.11,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2241.71,"end":2241.95},{"text":"welcome","start":2241.95,"end":2242.35},{"text":"the","start":2242.35,"end":2242.47},{"text":"sanctions","start":2242.47,"end":2242.95},{"text":"and","start":2242.95,"end":2243.07},{"text":"measures","start":2243.07,"end":2243.47},{"text":"already","start":2243.47,"end":2243.87},{"text":"adopted","start":2243.87,"end":2244.35},{"text":"by","start":2244.35,"end":2244.51},{"text":"states,","start":2244.51,"end":2245.07},{"text":"but","start":2245.47,"end":2245.71},{"text":"they","start":2245.71,"end":2245.87},{"text":"must","start":2245.87,"end":2246.11},{"text":"genuinely","start":2246.11,"end":2246.67},{"text":"be","start":2246.67,"end":2246.87},{"text":"of","start":2246.87,"end":2246.99},{"text":"a","start":2246.99,"end":2247.03},{"text":"nature","start":2247.03,"end":2247.47},{"text":"to","start":2247.47,"end":2247.55},{"text":"deter","start":2247.55,"end":2247.95},{"text":"violations","start":2247.95,"end":2248.67},{"text":"and","start":2248.67,"end":2248.83},{"text":"reverse","start":2248.83,"end":2249.31},{"text":"annexation.","start":2249.31,"end":2250.11}]},{"text":"This is the measuring stick by which we will decide if we are serious or not.","start":2250.83,"end":2254.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2250.83,"end":2251.07},{"text":"is","start":2251.07,"end":2251.19},{"text":"the","start":2251.19,"end":2251.31},{"text":"measuring","start":2251.31,"end":2251.71},{"text":"stick","start":2251.71,"end":2252.11},{"text":"by","start":2252.11,"end":2252.27},{"text":"which","start":2252.27,"end":2252.47},{"text":"we","start":2252.47,"end":2252.59},{"text":"will","start":2252.59,"end":2252.75},{"text":"decide","start":2252.75,"end":2253.15},{"text":"if","start":2253.15,"end":2253.31},{"text":"we","start":2253.31,"end":2253.39},{"text":"are","start":2253.39,"end":2253.55},{"text":"serious","start":2253.55,"end":2254.19},{"text":"or","start":2254.19,"end":2254.35},{"text":"not.","start":2254.35,"end":2254.75}]},{"text":"What we ask is simple.","start":2255.43,"end":2256.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":2255.43,"end":2255.63},{"text":"we","start":2255.63,"end":2255.79},{"text":"ask","start":2255.79,"end":2256.11},{"text":"is","start":2256.11,"end":2256.27},{"text":"simple.","start":2256.27,"end":2256.91}]},{"text":"These are the obligations.","start":2256.99,"end":2258.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2256.99,"end":2257.31},{"text":"are","start":2257.31,"end":2257.39},{"text":"the","start":2257.39,"end":2257.51},{"text":"obligations.","start":2257.51,"end":2258.43}]},{"text":"No arms to kill the Palestinian people.","start":2258.83,"end":2261.15,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2258.83,"end":2259.07},{"text":"arms","start":2259.07,"end":2259.47},{"text":"to","start":2259.47,"end":2259.63},{"text":"kill","start":2259.63,"end":2259.79},{"text":"the","start":2259.79,"end":2259.95},{"text":"Palestinian","start":2259.95,"end":2260.59},{"text":"people.","start":2260.59,"end":2261.15}]},{"text":"No trade that fuels the plunder of our land.","start":2261.63,"end":2264.43,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2261.63,"end":2261.87},{"text":"trade","start":2261.87,"end":2262.59},{"text":"that","start":2262.59,"end":2262.75},{"text":"fuels","start":2262.75,"end":2263.07},{"text":"the","start":2263.07,"end":2263.19},{"text":"plunder","start":2263.19,"end":2263.59},{"text":"of","start":2263.59,"end":2263.71},{"text":"our","start":2263.71,"end":2263.87},{"text":"land.","start":2263.87,"end":2264.43}]},{"text":"No impunity for crimes against us.","start":2264.91,"end":2267.15,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2264.91,"end":2265.15},{"text":"impunity","start":2265.15,"end":2265.71},{"text":"for","start":2265.71,"end":2265.95},{"text":"crimes","start":2265.95,"end":2266.39},{"text":"against","start":2266.39,"end":2266.83},{"text":"us.","start":2266.83,"end":2267.15}]},{"text":"No money sustaining Israel's illegal occupation.","start":2267.47,"end":2270.35,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2267.47,"end":2267.71},{"text":"money","start":2267.71,"end":2267.99},{"text":"sustaining","start":2267.99,"end":2268.67},{"text":"Israel's","start":2268.67,"end":2269.11},{"text":"illegal","start":2269.11,"end":2269.47},{"text":"occupation.","start":2269.47,"end":2270.35}]},{"text":"No businesses and banks contributing to it.","start":2270.67,"end":2273.15,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2270.67,"end":2270.91},{"text":"businesses","start":2270.91,"end":2271.43},{"text":"and","start":2271.43,"end":2271.59},{"text":"banks","start":2271.59,"end":2271.95},{"text":"contributing","start":2271.95,"end":2272.67},{"text":"to","start":2272.67,"end":2272.91},{"text":"it.","start":2272.91,"end":2273.15}]},{"text":"No embassy moves covering annexation.","start":2273.47,"end":2275.95,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":2273.47,"end":2273.79},{"text":"embassy","start":2273.79,"end":2274.35},{"text":"moves","start":2274.35,"end":2274.67},{"text":"covering","start":2274.67,"end":2275.15},{"text":"annexation.","start":2275.15,"end":2275.95}]},{"text":"And no assistance or complicity in the destruction of our lives.","start":2276.27,"end":2279.63,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2276.27,"end":2276.43},{"text":"no","start":2276.43,"end":2276.59},{"text":"assistance","start":2276.59,"end":2277.19},{"text":"or","start":2277.19,"end":2277.31},{"text":"complicity","start":2277.31,"end":2277.91},{"text":"in","start":2277.91,"end":2278.03},{"text":"the","start":2278.03,"end":2278.11},{"text":"destruction","start":2278.11,"end":2278.83},{"text":"of","start":2278.83,"end":2278.91},{"text":"our","start":2278.91,"end":2279.07},{"text":"lives.","start":2279.07,"end":2279.63}]},{"text":"In Palestine, we have the most protracted, the longest, and the most sustained violations of nearly every provision of the Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocol.","start":2282.35,"end":2291.31,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2282.35,"end":2282.43},{"text":"Palestine,","start":2282.43,"end":2283.15},{"text":"we","start":2283.15,"end":2283.39},{"text":"have","start":2283.39,"end":2283.59},{"text":"the","start":2283.59,"end":2283.71},{"text":"most","start":2283.71,"end":2283.95},{"text":"protracted,","start":2283.95,"end":2284.75},{"text":"the","start":2284.91,"end":2285.07},{"text":"longest,","start":2285.07,"end":2285.59},{"text":"and","start":2285.59,"end":2285.75},{"text":"the","start":2285.75,"end":2285.83},{"text":"most","start":2285.83,"end":2286.07},{"text":"sustained","start":2286.07,"end":2286.59},{"text":"violations","start":2286.59,"end":2287.31},{"text":"of","start":2287.31,"end":2287.39},{"text":"nearly","start":2287.39,"end":2287.79},{"text":"every","start":2287.79,"end":2288.03},{"text":"provision","start":2288.03,"end":2288.63},{"text":"of","start":2288.63,"end":2288.79},{"text":"the","start":2288.79,"end":2288.91},{"text":"Geneva","start":2288.91,"end":2289.31},{"text":"Conventions","start":2289.31,"end":2289.91},{"text":"and","start":2289.91,"end":2290.07},{"text":"their","start":2290.07,"end":2290.19},{"text":"Additional","start":2290.19,"end":2290.59},{"text":"Protocol.","start":2290.59,"end":2291.31}]},{"text":"These violations are etched in our bodies, our ruins, and our histories.","start":2292.11,"end":2296.59,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2292.11,"end":2292.43},{"text":"violations","start":2292.43,"end":2293.15},{"text":"are","start":2293.15,"end":2293.31},{"text":"etched","start":2293.31,"end":2293.71},{"text":"in","start":2293.71,"end":2293.87},{"text":"our","start":2293.87,"end":2294.11},{"text":"bodies,","start":2294.11,"end":2294.67},{"text":"our","start":2294.75,"end":2295.03},{"text":"ruins,","start":2295.03,"end":2295.55},{"text":"and","start":2295.55,"end":2295.71},{"text":"our","start":2295.71,"end":2295.87},{"text":"histories.","start":2295.87,"end":2296.59}]},{"text":"Generations of Palestinians have grown up knowing IHL, not because of its universality, but because of its violations and the lack of accountability.","start":2297.23,"end":2305.79,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Generations","start":2297.23,"end":2297.91},{"text":"of","start":2297.91,"end":2298.03},{"text":"Palestinians","start":2298.03,"end":2298.67},{"text":"have","start":2298.67,"end":2298.99},{"text":"grown","start":2298.99,"end":2299.23},{"text":"up","start":2299.23,"end":2299.39},{"text":"knowing","start":2299.39,"end":2299.79},{"text":"IHL,","start":2299.79,"end":2300.43},{"text":"not","start":2300.75,"end":2300.91},{"text":"because","start":2300.91,"end":2301.27},{"text":"of","start":2301.27,"end":2301.35},{"text":"its","start":2301.35,"end":2301.59},{"text":"universality,","start":2301.59,"end":2302.59},{"text":"but","start":2302.83,"end":2303.03},{"text":"because","start":2303.03,"end":2303.35},{"text":"of","start":2303.35,"end":2303.47},{"text":"its","start":2303.47,"end":2303.63},{"text":"violations","start":2303.63,"end":2304.35},{"text":"and","start":2304.35,"end":2304.47},{"text":"the","start":2304.47,"end":2304.55},{"text":"lack","start":2304.55,"end":2304.79},{"text":"of","start":2304.79,"end":2304.91},{"text":"accountability.","start":2304.91,"end":2305.79}]},{"text":"There is no other place and no other people who pay the price of violations of IHL with their lives, their land, and indeed their existence so brutally, so brazenly, and so criminally.","start":2306.55,"end":2317.35,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":2306.55,"end":2306.67},{"text":"is","start":2306.67,"end":2306.79},{"text":"no","start":2306.79,"end":2307.03},{"text":"other","start":2307.03,"end":2307.27},{"text":"place","start":2307.27,"end":2307.91},{"text":"and","start":2307.99,"end":2308.19},{"text":"no","start":2308.19,"end":2308.39},{"text":"other","start":2308.39,"end":2308.63},{"text":"people","start":2308.63,"end":2309.11},{"text":"who","start":2309.19,"end":2309.43},{"text":"pay","start":2309.43,"end":2309.59},{"text":"the","start":2309.59,"end":2309.75},{"text":"price","start":2309.75,"end":2310.07},{"text":"of","start":2310.07,"end":2310.15},{"text":"violations","start":2310.15,"end":2310.75},{"text":"of","start":2310.75,"end":2310.95},{"text":"IHL","start":2310.95,"end":2311.43},{"text":"with","start":2311.43,"end":2311.63},{"text":"their","start":2311.63,"end":2311.75},{"text":"lives,","start":2311.75,"end":2312.23},{"text":"their","start":2312.55,"end":2312.71},{"text":"land,","start":2312.71,"end":2313.11},{"text":"and","start":2313.11,"end":2313.27},{"text":"indeed","start":2313.27,"end":2313.63},{"text":"their","start":2313.63,"end":2313.79},{"text":"existence","start":2313.79,"end":2314.55},{"text":"so","start":2314.79,"end":2315.03},{"text":"brutally,","start":2315.03,"end":2315.59},{"text":"so","start":2315.59,"end":2315.83},{"text":"brazenly,","start":2315.83,"end":2316.39},{"text":"and","start":2316.39,"end":2316.55},{"text":"so","start":2316.55,"end":2316.71},{"text":"criminally.","start":2316.71,"end":2317.35}]},{"text":"We are left wondering how can IHL retain any kind of actual meaning.","start":2318.15,"end":2322.23,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2318.15,"end":2318.39},{"text":"are","start":2318.39,"end":2318.55},{"text":"left","start":2318.55,"end":2318.87},{"text":"wondering","start":2318.87,"end":2319.35},{"text":"how","start":2319.35,"end":2319.43},{"text":"can","start":2319.43,"end":2319.75},{"text":"IHL","start":2319.75,"end":2320.15},{"text":"retain","start":2320.15,"end":2320.63},{"text":"any","start":2320.63,"end":2320.75},{"text":"kind","start":2320.79,"end":2321.07},{"text":"of","start":2321.07,"end":2321.27},{"text":"actual","start":2321.27,"end":2321.75},{"text":"meaning.","start":2321.75,"end":2322.23}]},{"text":"And this is why we insist that asserting IHL in Palestine is upholding it everywhere, and abandoning it in Palestine is jeopardizing it everywhere.","start":2322.95,"end":2333.03,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2322.95,"end":2323.07},{"text":"this","start":2323.07,"end":2323.23},{"text":"is","start":2323.23,"end":2323.35},{"text":"why","start":2323.35,"end":2323.59},{"text":"we","start":2323.59,"end":2323.75},{"text":"insist","start":2323.75,"end":2324.39},{"text":"that","start":2324.63,"end":2324.87},{"text":"asserting","start":2324.87,"end":2325.43},{"text":"IHL","start":2325.43,"end":2325.87},{"text":"in","start":2325.87,"end":2325.99},{"text":"Palestine","start":2325.99,"end":2326.71},{"text":"is","start":2326.95,"end":2327.19},{"text":"upholding","start":2327.19,"end":2327.79},{"text":"it","start":2327.79,"end":2327.87},{"text":"everywhere,","start":2327.87,"end":2328.47},{"text":"and","start":2328.55,"end":2328.79},{"text":"abandoning","start":2328.79,"end":2329.43},{"text":"it","start":2329.43,"end":2329.63},{"text":"in","start":2329.63,"end":2329.75},{"text":"Palestine","start":2329.75,"end":2330.39},{"text":"is","start":2330.39,"end":2330.55},{"text":"jeopardizing","start":2330.55,"end":2332.15},{"text":"it","start":2332.15,"end":2332.39},{"text":"everywhere.","start":2332.39,"end":2333.03}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":2333.19,"end":2333.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2333.19,"end":2333.51},{"text":"you.","start":2333.51,"end":2333.67}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"PSE","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"State of Palestine"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":2335.91,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=38:56","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of the State of Palestine for her statement.","start":2335.91,"end":2340.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2335.91,"end":2335.92},{"text":"thank","start":2335.91,"end":2336.31},{"text":"the","start":2336.31,"end":2336.39},{"text":"distinguished","start":2336.39,"end":2337.03},{"text":"representative","start":2337.03,"end":2337.79},{"text":"of","start":2337.79,"end":2337.91},{"text":"the","start":2337.91,"end":2338.03},{"text":"State","start":2338.03,"end":2338.39},{"text":"of","start":2338.43,"end":2338.55},{"text":"Palestine","start":2338.55,"end":2339.27},{"text":"for","start":2339.27,"end":2339.51},{"text":"her","start":2339.51,"end":2339.67},{"text":"statement.","start":2339.67,"end":2340.47}]},{"text":"Your comments at the beginning are noted.","start":2340.47,"end":2342.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Your","start":2340.47,"end":2340.71},{"text":"comments","start":2340.71,"end":2341.19},{"text":"at","start":2341.19,"end":2341.27},{"text":"the","start":2341.27,"end":2341.35},{"text":"beginning","start":2341.35,"end":2341.83},{"text":"are","start":2341.83,"end":2341.91},{"text":"noted.","start":2341.91,"end":2342.47}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ireland.","start":2342.95,"end":2346.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2342.95,"end":2343.03},{"text":"give","start":2343.03,"end":2343.27},{"text":"the","start":2343.27,"end":2343.43},{"text":"floor","start":2343.43,"end":2343.83},{"text":"to","start":2343.83,"end":2343.95},{"text":"the","start":2343.95,"end":2344.03},{"text":"distinguished","start":2344.03,"end":2344.71},{"text":"representative","start":2344.71,"end":2345.67},{"text":"of","start":2345.91,"end":2346.31},{"text":"Ireland.","start":2346.39,"end":2346.95}]},{"text":"You have the floor.","start":2347.03,"end":2347.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":2347.03,"end":2347.15},{"text":"have","start":2347.19,"end":2347.35},{"text":"the","start":2347.35,"end":2347.43},{"text":"floor.","start":2347.47,"end":2347.67}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":16,"start":2358.27,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=39:19","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair, Ireland aligns with the statement delivered by the European Union.","start":2358.27,"end":2362.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":2358.27,"end":2358.67},{"text":"Ireland","start":2359.31,"end":2359.75},{"text":"aligns","start":2359.75,"end":2360.11},{"text":"with","start":2360.11,"end":2360.23},{"text":"the","start":2360.23,"end":2360.31},{"text":"statement","start":2360.31,"end":2361.03},{"text":"delivered","start":2361.03,"end":2361.39},{"text":"by","start":2361.39,"end":2361.63},{"text":"the","start":2361.63,"end":2361.79},{"text":"European","start":2361.79,"end":2362.35},{"text":"Union.","start":2362.35,"end":2362.75}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We welcome the Secretary-General's report on the status of the Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions and measures taken to strengthen the existing body of international humanitarian law.","start":2363.95,"end":2374.71,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2363.95,"end":2364.11},{"text":"welcome","start":2364.11,"end":2364.51},{"text":"the","start":2364.51,"end":2364.59},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":2364.59,"end":2365.63},{"text":"report","start":2365.63,"end":2366.19},{"text":"on","start":2366.19,"end":2366.31},{"text":"the","start":2366.31,"end":2366.39},{"text":"status","start":2366.39,"end":2366.87},{"text":"of","start":2366.87,"end":2366.99},{"text":"the","start":2366.99,"end":2367.11},{"text":"Additional","start":2367.11,"end":2367.55},{"text":"Protocols","start":2367.55,"end":2368.19},{"text":"to","start":2368.19,"end":2368.35},{"text":"the","start":2368.35,"end":2368.47},{"text":"Geneva","start":2368.47,"end":2368.83},{"text":"Conventions","start":2368.83,"end":2369.47},{"text":"and","start":2370.03,"end":2370.15},{"text":"measures","start":2370.15,"end":2370.55},{"text":"taken","start":2370.55,"end":2370.95},{"text":"to","start":2370.95,"end":2371.07},{"text":"strengthen","start":2371.07,"end":2371.67},{"text":"the","start":2371.67,"end":2371.83},{"text":"existing","start":2371.83,"end":2372.31},{"text":"body","start":2372.31,"end":2372.75},{"text":"of","start":2372.75,"end":2372.87},{"text":"international","start":2372.87,"end":2373.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2373.67,"end":2374.47},{"text":"law.","start":2374.47,"end":2374.71}]},{"text":"We regret that, in the reporting period, respect for IHL has continued to deteriorate.","start":2376.23,"end":2382.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2376.23,"end":2376.39},{"text":"regret","start":2376.39,"end":2376.87},{"text":"that,","start":2376.87,"end":2377.11},{"text":"in","start":2377.27,"end":2377.35},{"text":"the","start":2377.35,"end":2377.47},{"text":"reporting","start":2377.47,"end":2377.99},{"text":"period,","start":2377.99,"end":2378.55},{"text":"respect","start":2378.95,"end":2379.51},{"text":"for","start":2379.51,"end":2379.67},{"text":"IHL","start":2379.67,"end":2380.31},{"text":"has","start":2380.31,"end":2380.47},{"text":"continued","start":2380.47,"end":2381.07},{"text":"to","start":2381.07,"end":2381.27},{"text":"deteriorate.","start":2381.27,"end":2382.07}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Blatant violations of IHL remain widespread.","start":2383.11,"end":2386.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Blatant","start":2383.11,"end":2383.59},{"text":"violations","start":2383.59,"end":2384.19},{"text":"of","start":2384.19,"end":2384.31},{"text":"IHL","start":2384.31,"end":2385.03},{"text":"remain","start":2385.03,"end":2385.51},{"text":"widespread.","start":2385.51,"end":2386.31}]},{"text":"Civilians are bearing the brunt of brutal warfare.","start":2387.11,"end":2389.83,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Civilians","start":2387.11,"end":2387.71},{"text":"are","start":2387.71,"end":2387.83},{"text":"bearing","start":2387.83,"end":2388.15},{"text":"the","start":2388.15,"end":2388.27},{"text":"brunt","start":2388.27,"end":2388.67},{"text":"of","start":2388.67,"end":2388.87},{"text":"brutal","start":2388.87,"end":2389.27},{"text":"warfare.","start":2389.27,"end":2389.83}]},{"text":"IHL represents a careful balance between considerations of military necessity and humanity.","start":2391.11,"end":2397.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"IHL","start":2391.11,"end":2391.75},{"text":"represents","start":2391.75,"end":2392.47},{"text":"a","start":2392.47,"end":2392.51},{"text":"careful","start":2392.51,"end":2393.03},{"text":"balance","start":2393.03,"end":2393.59},{"text":"between","start":2393.59,"end":2394.07},{"text":"considerations","start":2394.07,"end":2394.91},{"text":"of","start":2394.91,"end":2395.03},{"text":"military","start":2395.03,"end":2395.59},{"text":"necessity","start":2395.59,"end":2396.31},{"text":"and","start":2396.55,"end":2396.87},{"text":"humanity.","start":2396.87,"end":2397.59}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We cannot allow the balance to tip against humanity.","start":2398.47,"end":2401.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2398.47,"end":2398.55},{"text":"cannot","start":2398.55,"end":2398.87},{"text":"allow","start":2398.87,"end":2399.11},{"text":"the","start":2399.11,"end":2399.27},{"text":"balance","start":2399.27,"end":2399.75},{"text":"to","start":2399.75,"end":2400.03},{"text":"tip","start":2400.03,"end":2400.23},{"text":"against","start":2400.23,"end":2400.79},{"text":"humanity.","start":2400.79,"end":2401.43}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"The failure to respect the existing rules of IHL must not be normalized.","start":2402.55,"end":2407.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2402.55,"end":2402.71},{"text":"failure","start":2402.71,"end":2403.19},{"text":"to","start":2403.19,"end":2403.31},{"text":"respect","start":2403.31,"end":2403.83},{"text":"the","start":2403.83,"end":2403.91},{"text":"existing","start":2403.91,"end":2404.47},{"text":"rules","start":2404.47,"end":2404.79},{"text":"of","start":2404.79,"end":2404.87},{"text":"IHL","start":2404.87,"end":2405.43},{"text":"must","start":2405.75,"end":2406.07},{"text":"not","start":2406.07,"end":2406.31},{"text":"be","start":2406.39,"end":2406.51},{"text":"normalized.","start":2406.51,"end":2407.15}]},{"text":"At this critical time for our shared humanity, we welcome all efforts to improve respect for IHL.","start":2407.15,"end":2415.27,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":2407.15,"end":2407.27},{"text":"this","start":2409.19,"end":2409.51},{"text":"critical","start":2409.51,"end":2409.91},{"text":"time","start":2409.91,"end":2410.31},{"text":"for","start":2410.31,"end":2410.55},{"text":"our","start":2410.55,"end":2410.63},{"text":"shared","start":2410.63,"end":2411.03},{"text":"humanity,","start":2411.03,"end":2411.67},{"text":"we","start":2411.91,"end":2412.11},{"text":"welcome","start":2412.11,"end":2412.47},{"text":"all","start":2412.47,"end":2412.79},{"text":"efforts","start":2412.79,"end":2413.19},{"text":"to","start":2413.19,"end":2413.31},{"text":"improve","start":2413.31,"end":2413.83},{"text":"respect","start":2413.83,"end":2414.39},{"text":"for","start":2414.39,"end":2414.55},{"text":"IHL.","start":2414.55,"end":2415.27}]},{"text":"In particular, Ireland was pleased to join the global IHL initiative in March 2025 and to participate in its work streams.","start":2416.31,"end":2425.83,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"strong","start":2540.79,"end":2541.19},{"text":"international","start":2541.19,"end":2541.83},{"text":"criminal","start":2541.83,"end":2542.31},{"text":"justice","start":2542.31,"end":2542.75},{"text":"system","start":2542.75,"end":2543.19},{"text":"is","start":2543.19,"end":2543.39},{"text":"essential","start":2543.39,"end":2543.91},{"text":"to","start":2543.91,"end":2544.11},{"text":"ensuring","start":2544.11,"end":2544.63},{"text":"respect","start":2544.63,"end":2545.11}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"for IHL and to ending a culture of impunity for the most serious international crimes.","start":2545.11,"end":2551.27,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Ireland","start":2552.47,"end":2552.79},{"text":"continues","start":2552.79,"end":2553.43},{"text":"to","start":2553.43,"end":2553.51},{"text":"be","start":2553.51,"end":2553.67},{"text":"a","start":2553.67,"end":2553.71},{"text":"steadfast","start":2553.71,"end":2554.47},{"text":"supporter","start":2554.47,"end":2555.07},{"text":"of","start":2555.07,"end":2555.19},{"text":"the","start":2555.19,"end":2555.31},{"text":"International","start":2555.31,"end":2555.91},{"text":"Criminal","start":2555.91,"end":2556.31},{"text":"Court.","start":2556.31,"end":2556.63}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"In September 2026, Ireland ratified the outstanding amendments to the Rome Statute concerning the definition of war","start":2557.91,"end":2565.19,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Ireland","start":2570.51,"end":2570.99},{"text":"deeply","start":2570.99,"end":2571.27},{"text":"regrets","start":2571.27,"end":2571.83},{"text":"that","start":2571.83,"end":2572.19},{"text":"the","start":2572.19,"end":2572.43},{"text":"US","start":2572.43,"end":2572.63},{"text":"has","start":2572.63,"end":2572.79},{"text":"announced","start":2572.79,"end":2573.27},{"text":"institutional","start":2573.27,"end":2574.15},{"text":"sanctions","start":2574.15,"end":2574.79},{"text":"against","start":2574.79,"end":2575.27},{"text":"the","start":2575.27,"end":2575.39},{"text":"ICC","start":2575.39,"end":2576.15},{"text":"and","start":2576.63,"end":2576.79},{"text":"will","start":2576.79,"end":2576.95},{"text":"do","start":2576.95,"end":2577.15},{"text":"all","start":2577.15,"end":2577.31},{"text":"we","start":2577.31,"end":2577.43},{"text":"can","start":2577.43,"end":2577.83},{"text":"to","start":2578.07,"end":2578.27},{"text":"ensure","start":2578.27,"end":2578.63},{"text":"that","start":2578.63,"end":2578.79},{"text":"the","start":2578.79,"end":2578.87},{"text":"Court","start":2578.87,"end":2579.27},{"text":"can","start":2579.27,"end":2579.51},{"text":"continue","start":2579.51,"end":2580.07},{"text":"its","start":2580.07,"end":2580.27},{"text":"vital","start":2580.27,"end":2580.59},{"text":"work.","start":2580.59,"end":2580.95}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"In conclusion, Ireland reiterates the urgent need to improve respect for IHL and our firm commitment to efforts to do so.","start":2582.31,"end":2590.15,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2582.31,"end":2582.43},{"text":"conclusion,","start":2582.43,"end":2583.03},{"text":"Ireland","start":2583.27,"end":2583.67},{"text":"reiterates","start":2583.67,"end":2584.31},{"text":"the","start":2584.31,"end":2584.43},{"text":"urgent","start":2584.47,"end":2584.91},{"text":"need","start":2584.91,"end":2585.15},{"text":"to","start":2585.15,"end":2585.31},{"text":"improve","start":2585.31,"end":2585.75},{"text":"respect","start":2585.75,"end":2586.31},{"text":"for","start":2586.31,"end":2586.47},{"text":"IHL","start":2586.47,"end":2587.11},{"text":"and","start":2587.55,"end":2587.75},{"text":"our","start":2587.75,"end":2587.91},{"text":"firm","start":2587.91,"end":2588.23},{"text":"commitment","start":2588.23,"end":2588.99},{"text":"to","start":2588.99,"end":2589.07},{"text":"efforts","start":2589.07,"end":2589.71},{"text":"to","start":2589.71,"end":2589.79},{"text":"do","start":2589.79,"end":2589.91},{"text":"so.","start":2589.91,"end":2590.15}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":2590.63,"end":2591.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2590.63,"end":2590.87},{"text":"you,","start":2590.87,"end":2590.95},{"text":"Chair.","start":2590.95,"end":2591.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"IRL","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Ireland"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":2592.55,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=43:13","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Ireland for the statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Chile.","start":2592.55,"end":2598.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2592.55,"end":2592.59},{"text":"thank","start":2592.59,"end":2592.79},{"text":"the","start":2592.83,"end":2592.91},{"text":"distinguished","start":2592.91,"end":2593.51},{"text":"representative","start":2593.51,"end":2594.47},{"text":"of","start":2594.47,"end":2594.59},{"text":"Ireland","start":2594.59,"end":2594.91},{"text":"for","start":2594.95,"end":2595.19},{"text":"the","start":2595.19,"end":2595.27},{"text":"statement","start":2595.27,"end":2595.91},{"text":"and","start":2595.95,"end":2596.07},{"text":"I","start":2596.07,"end":2596.15},{"text":"give","start":2596.15,"end":2596.35},{"text":"the","start":2596.35,"end":2596.43},{"text":"floor","start":2596.47,"end":2596.79},{"text":"to","start":2596.79,"end":2596.91},{"text":"the","start":2596.91,"end":2596.99},{"text":"distinguished","start":2596.99,"end":2597.67},{"text":"representative","start":2597.67,"end":2598.43},{"text":"of","start":2598.43,"end":2598.55},{"text":"Chile.","start":2598.55,"end":2598.91}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":2607.55,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=43:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Madam Chair.","start":2607.55,"end":2610.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2607.55,"end":2608.27},{"text":"you","start":2608.27,"end":2608.59},{"text":"very","start":2609.07,"end":2609.31},{"text":"much,","start":2609.31,"end":2609.71},{"text":"Madam","start":2609.71,"end":2609.95},{"text":"Chair.","start":2609.95,"end":2610.27}]},{"text":"Virtually eight decades since the adoption of the Geneva Conventions, and nearly five since the Additional Protocols were adopted, we see actively in the world 130 armed conflicts where the rules of international humanitarian law have been questioned.","start":2613.47,"end":2633.79,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Virtually","start":2613.47,"end":2613.99},{"text":"eight","start":2613.99,"end":2614.51},{"text":"decades","start":2614.51,"end":2615.15},{"text":"since","start":2615.15,"end":2615.47},{"text":"the","start":2615.47,"end":2615.59},{"text":"adoption","start":2615.59,"end":2616.11},{"text":"of","start":2616.11,"end":2616.19},{"text":"the","start":2616.19,"end":2616.27},{"text":"Geneva","start":2616.27,"end":2616.67},{"text":"Conventions,","start":2616.67,"end":2617.63},{"text":"and","start":2618.27,"end":2618.51},{"text":"nearly","start":2618.59,"end":2619.31},{"text":"five","start":2619.31,"end":2620.27},{"text":"since","start":2620.35,"end":2620.87},{"text":"the","start":2620.87,"end":2620.95},{"text":"Additional","start":2620.95,"end":2621.35},{"text":"Protocols","start":2621.35,"end":2621.75},{"text":"were","start":2621.75,"end":2621.87},{"text":"adopted,","start":2621.87,"end":2622.35},{"text":"we","start":2622.83,"end":2623.31},{"text":"see","start":2623.71,"end":2624.35},{"text":"actively","start":2624.35,"end":2625.11},{"text":"in","start":2625.11,"end":2625.55},{"text":"the","start":2625.55,"end":2625.63},{"text":"world","start":2625.63,"end":2626.27},{"text":"130","start":2626.87,"end":2627.99},{"text":"armed","start":2628.43,"end":2628.83},{"text":"conflicts","start":2628.83,"end":2629.47},{"text":"where","start":2629.47,"end":2629.63},{"text":"the","start":2629.63,"end":2629.79},{"text":"rules","start":2629.87,"end":2630.31},{"text":"of","start":2630.31,"end":2630.43},{"text":"international","start":2630.43,"end":2631.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2631.03,"end":2631.87},{"text":"law","start":2631.87,"end":2632.27},{"text":"have","start":2632.51,"end":2632.67},{"text":"been","start":2632.67,"end":2632.83},{"text":"questioned.","start":2632.83,"end":2633.79}]},{"text":"And thus, we notice regretfully that the provisions remain in force, but the commitment to observe them has weakened.","start":2634.39,"end":2643.87,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2634.39,"end":2634.55},{"text":"thus,","start":2634.55,"end":2634.83},{"text":"we","start":2634.83,"end":2634.99},{"text":"notice","start":2634.99,"end":2635.63},{"text":"regretfully","start":2635.87,"end":2636.47},{"text":"that","start":2637.63,"end":2638.27},{"text":"the","start":2638.67,"end":2638.87},{"text":"provisions","start":2639.31,"end":2640.03},{"text":"remain","start":2640.03,"end":2640.35},{"text":"in","start":2640.35,"end":2640.51},{"text":"force,","start":2640.51,"end":2640.95},{"text":"but","start":2640.95,"end":2641.07},{"text":"the","start":2641.07,"end":2641.19},{"text":"commitment","start":2641.19,"end":2641.91},{"text":"to","start":2641.91,"end":2641.99},{"text":"observe","start":2641.99,"end":2642.51},{"text":"them","start":2642.51,"end":2642.83},{"text":"has","start":2643.07,"end":2643.31},{"text":"weakened.","start":2643.31,"end":2643.87}]},{"text":"Therefore, it is essential to reassert the fact that these instruments remain the essential framework to protect those who suffer from the consequences of armed conflicts.","start":2644.39,"end":2657.91,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":2644.39,"end":2644.87},{"text":"it","start":2644.87,"end":2645.19},{"text":"is","start":2645.19,"end":2645.43},{"text":"essential","start":2645.43,"end":2646.23},{"text":"to","start":2646.71,"end":2646.95},{"text":"reassert","start":2647.11,"end":2647.83},{"text":"the","start":2647.83,"end":2647.99},{"text":"fact","start":2647.99,"end":2648.23},{"text":"that","start":2648.23,"end":2648.39},{"text":"these","start":2648.39,"end":2648.79},{"text":"instruments","start":2648.79,"end":2649.67},{"text":"remain","start":2650.31,"end":2651.19},{"text":"the","start":2651.27,"end":2651.43},{"text":"essential","start":2651.43,"end":2652.07},{"text":"framework","start":2652.07,"end":2652.79},{"text":"to","start":2653.19,"end":2653.43},{"text":"protect","start":2653.43,"end":2654.31},{"text":"those","start":2654.31,"end":2654.87},{"text":"who","start":2654.87,"end":2655.11},{"text":"suffer","start":2655.11,"end":2655.59},{"text":"from","start":2655.59,"end":2655.91},{"text":"the","start":2655.91,"end":2656.03},{"text":"consequences","start":2656.03,"end":2656.95},{"text":"of","start":2656.95,"end":2657.03},{"text":"armed","start":2657.03,"end":2657.27},{"text":"conflicts.","start":2657.27,"end":2657.91}]},{"text":"Madam, my delegation feels that the best way of respecting the Additional Protocols is not just to react when they're violated, but rather to see violations coming, strengthening institutions able to identify risks in a timely manner, to correct deviations, and to ensure accountability.","start":2659.03,"end":2686.07,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":2659.03,"end":2659.43},{"text":"my","start":2660.55,"end":2660.79},{"text":"delegation","start":2660.79,"end":2661.75},{"text":"feels","start":2662.87,"end":2663.35},{"text":"that","start":2663.35,"end":2663.51},{"text":"the","start":2663.51,"end":2663.71},{"text":"best","start":2663.83,"end":2664.31},{"text":"way","start":2664.31,"end":2664.95},{"text":"of","start":2665.59,"end":2666.15},{"text":"respecting","start":2666.15,"end":2666.95},{"text":"the","start":2666.95,"end":2667.15},{"text":"Additional","start":2667.35,"end":2667.75},{"text":"Protocols","start":2667.75,"end":2668.47},{"text":"is","start":2668.55,"end":2668.79},{"text":"not","start":2668.79,"end":2669.03},{"text":"just","start":2669.03,"end":2669.63},{"text":"to","start":2669.63,"end":2669.91},{"text":"react","start":2670.07,"end":2670.79},{"text":"when","start":2670.79,"end":2670.99},{"text":"they're","start":2670.99,"end":2671.15},{"text":"violated,","start":2671.15,"end":2671.99},{"text":"but","start":2672.31,"end":2672.63},{"text":"rather","start":2672.63,"end":2673.15},{"text":"to","start":2673.15,"end":2673.43},{"text":"see","start":2673.51,"end":2673.83},{"text":"violations","start":2673.83,"end":2674.35},{"text":"coming,","start":2674.35,"end":2674.95},{"text":"strengthening","start":2675.19,"end":2675.99},{"text":"institutions","start":2675.99,"end":2677.03},{"text":"able","start":2677.35,"end":2678.07},{"text":"to","start":2678.31,"end":2678.87},{"text":"identify","start":2679.27,"end":2679.91},{"text":"risks","start":2679.91,"end":2680.55},{"text":"in","start":2680.55,"end":2680.75},{"text":"a","start":2680.75,"end":2680.79},{"text":"timely","start":2680.79,"end":2681.19},{"text":"manner,","start":2681.19,"end":2681.59},{"text":"to","start":2682.07,"end":2682.19},{"text":"correct","start":2682.19,"end":2682.79},{"text":"deviations,","start":2682.79,"end":2683.59},{"text":"and","start":2683.59,"end":2683.91},{"text":"to","start":2683.91,"end":2684.23},{"text":"ensure","start":2684.39,"end":2684.87},{"text":"accountability.","start":2684.87,"end":2686.07}]},{"text":"Therefore, the initial global initiative to galvanize political commitment to IHL, which will reach a conclusion in December this year, has been a valuable tool to implement real means to make it possible to overcome the difficulties of modern war, to prevent violations of IHL, and grow a culture of observance thereof.","start":2686.55,"end":2716.91,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":2686.55,"end":2687.27},{"text":"the","start":2687.99,"end":2688.11},{"text":"initial","start":2689.51,"end":2690.11},{"text":"global","start":2692.47,"end":2692.91},{"text":"initiative","start":2693.23,"end":2693.95},{"text":"to","start":2693.95,"end":2694.11},{"text":"galvanize","start":2694.11,"end":2694.67},{"text":"political","start":2694.67,"end":2695.07},{"text":"commitment","start":2695.07,"end":2695.59},{"text":"to","start":2695.59,"end":2695.71},{"text":"IHL,","start":2695.71,"end":2696.67},{"text":"which","start":2696.79,"end":2697.03},{"text":"will","start":2697.03,"end":2697.15},{"text":"reach","start":2697.15,"end":2697.55},{"text":"a","start":2697.71,"end":2697.75},{"text":"conclusion","start":2697.75,"end":2698.59},{"text":"in","start":2699.39,"end":2699.63},{"text":"December","start":2699.63,"end":2700.07},{"text":"this","start":2700.07,"end":2700.27},{"text":"year,","start":2700.27,"end":2700.51},{"text":"has","start":2700.51,"end":2700.83},{"text":"been","start":2700.83,"end":2700.99},{"text":"a","start":2700.99,"end":2701.07},{"text":"valuable","start":2701.07,"end":2701.55},{"text":"tool","start":2701.55,"end":2702.03},{"text":"to","start":2702.43,"end":2702.83},{"text":"implement","start":2703.23,"end":2703.95},{"text":"real","start":2704.91,"end":2705.39},{"text":"means","start":2705.63,"end":2706.11},{"text":"to","start":2706.11,"end":2706.27},{"text":"make","start":2706.27,"end":2706.47},{"text":"it","start":2706.47,"end":2706.59},{"text":"possible","start":2706.59,"end":2707.03},{"text":"to","start":2707.03,"end":2707.11},{"text":"overcome","start":2707.11,"end":2707.51},{"text":"the","start":2707.51,"end":2707.59},{"text":"difficulties","start":2707.59,"end":2708.19},{"text":"of","start":2708.19,"end":2708.27},{"text":"modern","start":2708.27,"end":2709.07},{"text":"war,","start":2709.07,"end":2709.55},{"text":"to","start":2709.79,"end":2710.19},{"text":"prevent","start":2710.19,"end":2710.67},{"text":"violations","start":2710.67,"end":2711.39},{"text":"of","start":2711.39,"end":2711.55},{"text":"IHL,","start":2711.55,"end":2712.19},{"text":"and","start":2712.51,"end":2712.91},{"text":"grow","start":2713.95,"end":2714.47},{"text":"a","start":2714.47,"end":2714.51},{"text":"culture","start":2714.67,"end":2715.23},{"text":"of","start":2715.47,"end":2715.71},{"text":"observance","start":2715.87,"end":2716.47},{"text":"thereof.","start":2716.47,"end":2716.91}]},{"text":"Chile, at its national level, has implemented the measures in the conclusions in each line of work, and we are using the existing instruments to assess compliance with these provisions, which also have a basis in customary law.","start":2717.75,"end":2738.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Chile,","start":2717.75,"end":2718.23},{"text":"at","start":2718.95,"end":2719.19},{"text":"its","start":2719.75,"end":2719.91},{"text":"national","start":2719.91,"end":2720.51},{"text":"level,","start":2720.51,"end":2720.79},{"text":"has","start":2720.79,"end":2721.03},{"text":"implemented","start":2721.03,"end":2721.83},{"text":"the","start":2721.83,"end":2721.91},{"text":"measures","start":2721.91,"end":2722.63},{"text":"in","start":2722.87,"end":2723.35},{"text":"the","start":2723.75,"end":2723.87},{"text":"conclusions","start":2724.07,"end":2724.71},{"text":"in","start":2724.71,"end":2724.87},{"text":"each","start":2724.87,"end":2725.11},{"text":"line","start":2725.11,"end":2725.39},{"text":"of","start":2725.39,"end":2725.51},{"text":"work,","start":2725.51,"end":2725.99},{"text":"and","start":2726.31,"end":2726.95},{"text":"we","start":2727.11,"end":2727.51},{"text":"are","start":2727.51,"end":2727.59},{"text":"using","start":2728.55,"end":2729.03},{"text":"the","start":2729.03,"end":2729.15},{"text":"existing","start":2729.15,"end":2730.15},{"text":"instruments","start":2730.79,"end":2731.43},{"text":"to","start":2731.43,"end":2731.59},{"text":"assess","start":2731.59,"end":2732.23},{"text":"compliance","start":2732.47,"end":2733.27},{"text":"with","start":2733.27,"end":2733.67},{"text":"these","start":2733.83,"end":2734.19},{"text":"provisions,","start":2734.19,"end":2734.75},{"text":"which","start":2734.75,"end":2735.11},{"text":"also","start":2735.11,"end":2735.67},{"text":"have","start":2735.67,"end":2735.99},{"text":"a","start":2736.99,"end":2737.03},{"text":"basis","start":2737.07,"end":2737.43},{"text":"in","start":2737.43,"end":2737.55},{"text":"customary","start":2737.55,"end":2738.03},{"text":"law.","start":2738.03,"end":2738.39}]},{"text":"Indeed, the compliance with the international commitments taken on by states require institutional mechanisms able to ensure that these are reflected in legislation, government policy, doctrine, capacity building, and real practices.","start":2739.07,"end":2756.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":2739.07,"end":2740.35},{"text":"the","start":2740.79,"end":2740.91},{"text":"compliance","start":2741.15,"end":2741.95},{"text":"with","start":2741.95,"end":2742.15},{"text":"the","start":2742.15,"end":2742.23},{"text":"international","start":2742.23,"end":2743.03},{"text":"commitments","start":2743.03,"end":2743.63},{"text":"taken","start":2743.63,"end":2743.95},{"text":"on","start":2743.95,"end":2744.03},{"text":"by","start":2744.03,"end":2744.19},{"text":"states","start":2744.19,"end":2744.75},{"text":"require","start":2745.07,"end":2745.71},{"text":"institutional","start":2745.71,"end":2746.67},{"text":"mechanisms","start":2746.67,"end":2747.63},{"text":"able","start":2747.63,"end":2748.11},{"text":"to","start":2748.11,"end":2748.43},{"text":"ensure","start":2749.19,"end":2749.59},{"text":"that","start":2749.63,"end":2749.87},{"text":"these","start":2749.87,"end":2750.27},{"text":"are","start":2750.27,"end":2750.39},{"text":"reflected","start":2750.39,"end":2750.83},{"text":"in","start":2750.83,"end":2750.99},{"text":"legislation,","start":2750.99,"end":2751.79},{"text":"government","start":2751.79,"end":2752.19},{"text":"policy,","start":2752.19,"end":2752.63},{"text":"doctrine,","start":2752.63,"end":2753.39},{"text":"capacity","start":2753.87,"end":2754.43},{"text":"building,","start":2754.43,"end":2754.91},{"text":"and","start":2754.91,"end":2755.23},{"text":"real","start":2755.23,"end":2755.63},{"text":"practices.","start":2755.63,"end":2756.27}]},{"text":"In particular, my delegation emphasizes the role that the international committees of IHL play as standing bodies for coordination, technical advice, and the promotion IHL.","start":2756.59,"end":2769.55,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2756.59,"end":2756.67},{"text":"particular,","start":2756.67,"end":2757.31},{"text":"my","start":2757.55,"end":2757.71},{"text":"delegation","start":2757.71,"end":2758.51},{"text":"emphasizes","start":2758.51,"end":2759.23},{"text":"the","start":2759.23,"end":2759.35},{"text":"role","start":2759.35,"end":2759.71},{"text":"that","start":2759.71,"end":2759.95},{"text":"the","start":2759.95,"end":2760.07},{"text":"international","start":2760.07,"end":2761.07},{"text":"committees","start":2761.07,"end":2761.71},{"text":"of","start":2761.91,"end":2762.11},{"text":"IHL","start":2762.11,"end":2762.91},{"text":"play","start":2763.23,"end":2763.95},{"text":"as","start":2764.11,"end":2764.31},{"text":"standing","start":2764.31,"end":2764.83},{"text":"bodies","start":2764.83,"end":2765.23},{"text":"for","start":2765.23,"end":2765.47},{"text":"coordination,","start":2765.47,"end":2766.35},{"text":"technical","start":2766.35,"end":2767.15},{"text":"advice,","start":2767.15,"end":2767.71},{"text":"and","start":2767.71,"end":2768.03},{"text":"the","start":2768.03,"end":2768.11},{"text":"promotion","start":2768.11,"end":2768.83},{"text":"IHL.","start":2769.07,"end":2769.55}]},{"text":"Our own experience has shown, and we wish to emphasize this, that our national committee submitted at the beginning of this year its first voluntary national review on the national implementation of IHL, and this documents the progress made as well as the gaps still to be bridged in our country.","start":2771.07,"end":2795.07,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":2771.07,"end":2771.27},{"text":"own","start":2771.27,"end":2771.79},{"text":"experience","start":2771.79,"end":2773.07},{"text":"has","start":2774.11,"end":2774.51},{"text":"shown,","start":2774.67,"end":2775.03},{"text":"and","start":2775.03,"end":2775.47},{"text":"we","start":2775.63,"end":2775.79},{"text":"wish","start":2775.79,"end":2775.95},{"text":"to","start":2775.95,"end":2776.07},{"text":"emphasize","start":2776.07,"end":2776.51},{"text":"this,","start":2776.51,"end":2776.71},{"text":"that","start":2776.71,"end":2776.91},{"text":"our","start":2776.91,"end":2777.03},{"text":"national","start":2777.03,"end":2778.03},{"text":"committee","start":2778.51,"end":2779.31},{"text":"submitted","start":2779.79,"end":2780.43},{"text":"at","start":2780.43,"end":2780.51},{"text":"the","start":2780.51,"end":2780.63},{"text":"beginning","start":2780.63,"end":2781.03},{"text":"of","start":2781.03,"end":2781.11},{"text":"this","start":2781.11,"end":2781.35},{"text":"year","start":2781.35,"end":2781.63},{"text":"its","start":2781.63,"end":2781.95},{"text":"first","start":2781.95,"end":2782.51},{"text":"voluntary","start":2782.75,"end":2783.35},{"text":"national","start":2783.35,"end":2783.75},{"text":"review","start":2783.75,"end":2784.43},{"text":"on","start":2784.67,"end":2785.15},{"text":"the","start":2785.15,"end":2785.35},{"text":"national","start":2785.47,"end":2785.95},{"text":"implementation","start":2785.95,"end":2786.75},{"text":"of","start":2786.75,"end":2786.91},{"text":"IHL,","start":2786.91,"end":2787.55},{"text":"and","start":2787.95,"end":2788.23},{"text":"this","start":2788.23,"end":2788.83},{"text":"documents","start":2789.15,"end":2790.03},{"text":"the","start":2790.27,"end":2790.43},{"text":"progress","start":2790.43,"end":2790.91},{"text":"made","start":2790.91,"end":2791.23},{"text":"as","start":2791.23,"end":2791.39},{"text":"well","start":2791.39,"end":2791.71},{"text":"as","start":2791.71,"end":2791.95},{"text":"the","start":2791.95,"end":2792.11},{"text":"gaps","start":2792.11,"end":2792.67},{"text":"still","start":2792.83,"end":2793.23},{"text":"to","start":2793.23,"end":2793.55},{"text":"be","start":2793.55,"end":2793.79},{"text":"bridged","start":2793.79,"end":2794.27},{"text":"in","start":2794.27,"end":2794.43},{"text":"our","start":2794.43,"end":2794.51},{"text":"country.","start":2794.51,"end":2795.07}]},{"text":"Madam, my delegation would like once again to state that it is committed to the implementation of international law to all the means and methods of wars in the past, present, and future, and particularly in cyberspace and regarding systems which use AI.","start":2795.39,"end":2814.51,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2827.39,"end":2827.59},{"text":"is","start":2827.59,"end":2827.75},{"text":"an","start":2827.75,"end":2827.87},{"text":"area","start":2827.87,"end":2828.35},{"text":"where","start":2828.63,"end":2829.11},{"text":"the","start":2829.23,"end":2829.59},{"text":"Additional","start":2829.87,"end":2830.39},{"text":"Protocols","start":2830.39,"end":2831.07},{"text":"prepares","start":2831.07,"end":2831.63},{"text":"clear,","start":2831.63,"end":2832.19},{"text":"replicable","start":2832.59,"end":2833.55},{"text":"standards.","start":2834.19,"end":2834.99}]},{"text":"Madam, once again, Chile, as a party to the Additional Protocols, joins in the call to the General Assembly to observe IHL by means of the adoption of effective measures.","start":2835.47,"end":2851.15,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":2835.47,"end":2835.95},{"text":"once","start":2836.19,"end":2836.51},{"text":"again,","start":2836.51,"end":2836.99},{"text":"Chile,","start":2837.31,"end":2837.79},{"text":"as","start":2838.43,"end":2838.67},{"text":"a","start":2838.83,"end":2838.91},{"text":"party","start":2838.91,"end":2839.47},{"text":"to","start":2839.47,"end":2839.63},{"text":"the","start":2839.63,"end":2839.75},{"text":"Additional","start":2839.75,"end":2840.11},{"text":"Protocols,","start":2840.11,"end":2840.91},{"text":"joins","start":2841.39,"end":2842.19},{"text":"in","start":2842.19,"end":2842.43},{"text":"the","start":2842.43,"end":2842.51},{"text":"call","start":2842.51,"end":2842.91},{"text":"to","start":2842.91,"end":2843.15},{"text":"the","start":2843.15,"end":2843.35},{"text":"General","start":2843.39,"end":2843.79},{"text":"Assembly","start":2843.79,"end":2844.39},{"text":"to","start":2845.07,"end":2845.71},{"text":"observe","start":2846.35,"end":2846.87},{"text":"IHL","start":2847.23,"end":2847.95},{"text":"by","start":2848.43,"end":2848.59},{"text":"means","start":2848.59,"end":2848.91},{"text":"of","start":2848.91,"end":2848.99},{"text":"the","start":2848.99,"end":2849.11},{"text":"adoption","start":2849.11,"end":2849.71},{"text":"of","start":2849.71,"end":2849.87},{"text":"effective","start":2849.87,"end":2850.43},{"text":"measures.","start":2850.43,"end":2851.15}]},{"text":"that can ensure its implementation and active participation in the various initiatives intended to strengthen and develop IHL.","start":2851.75,"end":2861.91,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2863.19,"end":2863.51},{"text":"would","start":2863.51,"end":2863.99},{"text":"recall","start":2863.99,"end":2864.71},{"text":"that","start":2864.71,"end":2864.87},{"text":"the","start":2864.87,"end":2865.03},{"text":"main","start":2865.03,"end":2865.35},{"text":"purpose","start":2865.35,"end":2865.91},{"text":"of","start":2865.91,"end":2865.99},{"text":"these","start":2865.99,"end":2866.23},{"text":"provisions","start":2866.23,"end":2866.87},{"text":"is","start":2867.27,"end":2867.51},{"text":"to","start":2867.51,"end":2867.63},{"text":"ensure","start":2867.63,"end":2867.91},{"text":"respect","start":2867.91,"end":2868.31},{"text":"for","start":2868.31,"end":2868.43},{"text":"life","start":2868.43,"end":2868.95},{"text":"and","start":2868.99,"end":2869.15},{"text":"human","start":2869.15,"end":2869.43},{"text":"dignity.","start":2869.43,"end":2870.07}]},{"text":"We will not allow violence and destruction and suffering should prevail over these universal values.","start":2870.23,"end":2876.51,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":2899.51,"end":2900.03},{"text":"delegates,","start":2900.03,"end":2900.67},{"text":"Poland","start":2900.83,"end":2901.31},{"text":"reaffirms","start":2901.31,"end":2901.95},{"text":"its","start":2901.95,"end":2902.07},{"text":"strong","start":2902.07,"end":2902.43},{"text":"support","start":2902.43,"end":2902.99},{"text":"for","start":2902.99,"end":2903.15},{"text":"the","start":2903.15,"end":2903.27},{"text":"promotion,","start":2903.27,"end":2903.91},{"text":"dissemination,","start":2903.91,"end":2904.91},{"text":"and","start":2904.91,"end":2905.07},{"text":"effective","start":2905.07,"end":2905.47},{"text":"implementation","start":2905.47,"end":2906.43},{"text":"of","start":2906.67,"end":2906.75},{"text":"international","start":2906.91,"end":2907.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":2907.55,"end":2908.27},{"text":"law.","start":2908.27,"end":2908.67}]},{"text":"We underscore the importance of ensuring respect for its principles in all circumstances.","start":2909.39,"end":2915.15,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2909.39,"end":2909.71},{"text":"underscore","start":2909.71,"end":2910.35},{"text":"the","start":2910.35,"end":2910.47},{"text":"importance","start":2910.47,"end":2911.15},{"text":"of","start":2911.15,"end":2911.31},{"text":"ensuring","start":2911.31,"end":2911.79},{"text":"respect","start":2911.79,"end":2912.51},{"text":"for","start":2912.51,"end":2912.71},{"text":"its","start":2912.71,"end":2912.83},{"text":"principles","start":2912.83,"end":2913.55},{"text":"in","start":2913.55,"end":2913.79},{"text":"all","start":2913.79,"end":2914.03},{"text":"circumstances.","start":2914.03,"end":2915.15}]},{"text":"In this regard, we welcome the report of the Secretary General, 8/81/290, which was prepared with the valuable contributions of member states and the International Committee of the Red Cross.","start":2915.95,"end":2928.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2915.95,"end":2916.07},{"text":"this","start":2916.07,"end":2916.27},{"text":"regard,","start":2916.27,"end":2916.67},{"text":"we","start":2916.67,"end":2916.75},{"text":"welcome","start":2916.75,"end":2917.11},{"text":"the","start":2917.11,"end":2917.19},{"text":"report","start":2917.19,"end":2917.51},{"text":"of","start":2917.51,"end":2917.59},{"text":"the","start":2917.59,"end":2917.67},{"text":"Secretary","start":2917.67,"end":2918.19},{"text":"General,","start":2918.19,"end":2918.83},{"text":"8/81/290,","start":2919.31,"end":2921.95},{"text":"which","start":2922.91,"end":2923.15},{"text":"was","start":2923.15,"end":2923.31},{"text":"prepared","start":2923.31,"end":2923.87},{"text":"with","start":2923.87,"end":2924.03},{"text":"the","start":2924.03,"end":2924.11},{"text":"valuable","start":2924.11,"end":2924.59},{"text":"contributions","start":2924.59,"end":2925.35},{"text":"of","start":2925.35,"end":2925.47},{"text":"member","start":2925.47,"end":2925.87},{"text":"states","start":2925.87,"end":2926.35},{"text":"and","start":2926.59,"end":2926.71},{"text":"the","start":2926.79,"end":2926.87},{"text":"International","start":2926.87,"end":2927.47},{"text":"Committee","start":2927.47,"end":2927.95},{"text":"of","start":2927.95,"end":2928.11},{"text":"the","start":2928.11,"end":2928.23},{"text":"Red","start":2928.23,"end":2928.43},{"text":"Cross.","start":2928.43,"end":2928.99}]},{"text":"Poland also contributed to this report by submitting to the Secretary General information regarding the latest amendments to the Polish legal system, which reflect the implementation of the provisions of Additional Protocol I in the field of civilian protection and civil defense system.","start":2929.99,"end":2946.71,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2999.23,"end":2999.31},{"text":"order","start":2999.31,"end":2999.63},{"text":"to","start":2999.63,"end":2999.79},{"text":"reaffirm","start":2999.79,"end":3000.43},{"text":"our","start":3000.47,"end":3000.55},{"text":"strong","start":3000.55,"end":3000.83},{"text":"support","start":3000.83,"end":3001.47},{"text":"for","start":3001.47,"end":3001.59},{"text":"the","start":3001.59,"end":3001.67},{"text":"respect","start":3001.67,"end":3002.15},{"text":"and","start":3002.15,"end":3002.27},{"text":"promotion","start":3002.27,"end":3002.91},{"text":"of","start":3002.91,"end":3003.15},{"text":"IHL,","start":3003.15,"end":3004.03},{"text":"we","start":3004.27,"end":3004.35},{"text":"co-organized","start":3004.35,"end":3005.23},{"text":"in","start":3005.23,"end":3005.39},{"text":"2025","start":3005.39,"end":3006.35},{"text":"the","start":3006.35,"end":3006.43},{"text":"second","start":3006.43,"end":3006.83},{"text":"regional","start":3006.83,"end":3007.15},{"text":"conference","start":3007.15,"end":3007.95},{"text":"of","start":3007.95,"end":3008.03},{"text":"European","start":3008.03,"end":3008.75},{"text":"National","start":3008.75,"end":3009.39},{"text":"International","start":3009.71,"end":3010.39},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":3010.39,"end":3011.11},{"text":"Law","start":3011.11,"end":3011.27},{"text":"Committees.","start":3011.27,"end":3012.11}]},{"text":"We underscore a central role that committees play in advising governments on the implementation of national humanitarian law, facilitating dialogue among stakeholders and enhancing compliance with IHL.","start":3012.83,"end":3026.67,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3012.83,"end":3013.23},{"text":"underscore","start":3013.23,"end":3014.03},{"text":"a","start":3014.03,"end":3014.11},{"text":"central","start":3014.11,"end":3014.51},{"text":"role","start":3014.51,"end":3014.91},{"text":"that","start":3014.91,"end":3015.07},{"text":"committees","start":3015.07,"end":3015.63},{"text":"play","start":3015.63,"end":3016.11},{"text":"in","start":3016.35,"end":3016.67},{"text":"advising","start":3016.67,"end":3017.15},{"text":"governments","start":3017.15,"end":3017.87},{"text":"on","start":3017.87,"end":3018.03},{"text":"the","start":3018.03,"end":3018.11},{"text":"implementation","start":3018.11,"end":3018.91},{"text":"of","start":3018.91,"end":3018.99},{"text":"national","start":3018.99,"end":3019.43},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3019.43,"end":3020.27},{"text":"law,","start":3020.27,"end":3020.51},{"text":"facilitating","start":3020.99,"end":3021.79},{"text":"dialogue","start":3021.79,"end":3022.31},{"text":"among","start":3022.43,"end":3022.75},{"text":"stakeholders","start":3022.75,"end":3023.63},{"text":"and","start":3023.63,"end":3023.95},{"text":"enhancing","start":3023.95,"end":3024.67},{"text":"compliance","start":3024.67,"end":3025.39},{"text":"with","start":3025.39,"end":3025.71},{"text":"IHL.","start":3025.79,"end":3026.67}]},{"text":"The conference itself provided an important platform for fostering cooperation, sharing best practices, legal expertise, and common understanding of international humanitarian law.","start":3027.51,"end":3037.99,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3027.51,"end":3027.55},{"text":"conference","start":3027.55,"end":3028.03},{"text":"itself","start":3028.03,"end":3028.59},{"text":"provided","start":3028.59,"end":3029.11},{"text":"an","start":3029.11,"end":3029.27},{"text":"important","start":3029.27,"end":3029.75},{"text":"platform","start":3029.75,"end":3030.35},{"text":"for","start":3030.35,"end":3030.55},{"text":"fostering","start":3030.55,"end":3031.03},{"text":"cooperation,","start":3031.03,"end":3031.99},{"text":"sharing","start":3031.99,"end":3032.39},{"text":"best","start":3032.39,"end":3032.67},{"text":"practices,","start":3032.67,"end":3033.27},{"text":"legal","start":3033.31,"end":3033.59},{"text":"expertise,","start":3033.59,"end":3034.47},{"text":"and","start":3034.87,"end":3035.15},{"text":"common","start":3035.15,"end":3035.47},{"text":"understanding","start":3035.47,"end":3036.15},{"text":"of","start":3036.15,"end":3036.31},{"text":"international","start":3036.31,"end":3036.91},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3036.91,"end":3037.67},{"text":"law.","start":3037.67,"end":3037.99}]},{"text":"We also joined the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law, as we see this initiative to be most valuable and fair response to the increasing complexity of armed conflicts.","start":3039.43,"end":3052.55,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":3055.15,"end":3055.23},{"text":"me","start":3055.23,"end":3055.43},{"text":"also","start":3055.43,"end":3055.63},{"text":"underline","start":3055.63,"end":3056.15},{"text":"that","start":3056.15,"end":3056.27},{"text":"Poland,","start":3056.27,"end":3056.87},{"text":"for","start":3056.87,"end":3057.03},{"text":"the","start":3057.03,"end":3057.19},{"text":"first","start":3057.19,"end":3057.47},{"text":"time","start":3057.47,"end":3057.63},{"text":"in","start":3057.63,"end":3057.75},{"text":"history","start":3057.75,"end":3058.23},{"text":"and","start":3058.23,"end":3058.63},{"text":"in","start":3058.63,"end":3058.79},{"text":"accordance","start":3058.79,"end":3059.35},{"text":"with","start":3059.35,"end":3059.51},{"text":"Article","start":3059.51,"end":3060.07},{"text":"90","start":3060.07,"end":3060.47},{"text":"of","start":3060.47,"end":3060.59},{"text":"Additional","start":3060.59,"end":3060.95},{"text":"Protocol","start":3060.95,"end":3061.59},{"text":"I,","start":3061.67,"end":3061.75},{"text":"has","start":3062.31,"end":3062.55},{"text":"accepted","start":3062.55,"end":3063.15},{"text":"the","start":3063.15,"end":3063.23},{"text":"offer","start":3063.27,"end":3063.67},{"text":"of","start":3063.67,"end":3063.83},{"text":"good","start":3063.83,"end":3064.15},{"text":"offices","start":3064.15,"end":3064.71},{"text":"of","start":3064.71,"end":3064.83},{"text":"the","start":3064.83,"end":3064.91},{"text":"International","start":3064.91,"end":3065.59},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":3065.63,"end":3066.39},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":3066.39,"end":3067.27},{"text":"Commission.","start":3067.83,"end":3068.47}]},{"text":"We recognize that the Commission's actions could contribute to explanation of the circumstances of the incident in Gaza of 1st of April 2024 in which interalia a polar citizen was killed we are proud to be the first state party of the protocol one to take this path and we fully appreciate the commission's thorough and detailed analysis of all their circumstances of the incident as well as its recommendations Poland always supported the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission, and we highly value its work and efforts towards the restoration of an attitude of respect for the international humanitarian law.","start":3070.23,"end":3114.31,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. 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this regard, we have also decided to nominate a Polish candidate in the upcoming elections of members of the Commission.","start":3114.79,"end":3122.31,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3114.79,"end":3114.95},{"text":"this","start":3114.95,"end":3115.11},{"text":"regard,","start":3115.11,"end":3115.67},{"text":"we","start":3116.07,"end":3116.15},{"text":"have","start":3116.15,"end":3116.31},{"text":"also","start":3116.31,"end":3116.63},{"text":"decided","start":3116.63,"end":3117.11},{"text":"to","start":3117.11,"end":3117.27},{"text":"nominate","start":3117.27,"end":3117.71},{"text":"a","start":3117.71,"end":3117.75},{"text":"Polish","start":3117.75,"end":3118.15},{"text":"candidate","start":3118.15,"end":3118.87},{"text":"in","start":3118.87,"end":3119.03},{"text":"the","start":3119.03,"end":3119.15},{"text":"upcoming","start":3119.15,"end":3119.63},{"text":"elections","start":3119.63,"end":3120.63},{"text":"of","start":3120.71,"end":3120.95},{"text":"members","start":3120.95,"end":3121.43},{"text":"of","start":3121.43,"end":3121.51},{"text":"the","start":3121.51,"end":3121.63},{"text":"Commission.","start":3121.63,"end":3122.31}]},{"text":"Distinguished delegates, we see the current discussion in the Sixth Committee on the status of additional protocols as an opportunity to send a strong message of our continued support for the respect and promotion of international humanitarian law.","start":3123.31,"end":3138.35,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":3123.31,"end":3123.87},{"text":"delegates,","start":3123.87,"end":3124.55},{"text":"we","start":3124.63,"end":3124.95},{"text":"see","start":3124.95,"end":3125.19},{"text":"the","start":3125.19,"end":3125.27},{"text":"current","start":3125.27,"end":3125.63},{"text":"discussion","start":3125.63,"end":3126.15},{"text":"in","start":3126.15,"end":3126.31},{"text":"the","start":3126.31,"end":3126.39},{"text":"Sixth","start":3126.39,"end":3126.71},{"text":"Committee","start":3126.71,"end":3127.43},{"text":"on","start":3127.43,"end":3127.63},{"text":"the","start":3127.63,"end":3127.75},{"text":"status","start":3127.75,"end":3128.23},{"text":"of","start":3128.23,"end":3128.31},{"text":"additional","start":3128.31,"end":3128.79},{"text":"protocols","start":3128.79,"end":3129.59},{"text":"as","start":3130.03,"end":3130.27},{"text":"an","start":3130.27,"end":3130.35},{"text":"opportunity","start":3130.39,"end":3131.23},{"text":"to","start":3131.23,"end":3131.35},{"text":"send","start":3131.35,"end":3131.59},{"text":"a","start":3131.59,"end":3131.63},{"text":"strong","start":3131.63,"end":3132.03},{"text":"message","start":3132.03,"end":3132.67},{"text":"of","start":3132.75,"end":3132.91},{"text":"our","start":3132.91,"end":3133.15},{"text":"continued","start":3133.15,"end":3133.71},{"text":"support","start":3133.71,"end":3134.27},{"text":"for","start":3134.27,"end":3134.59},{"text":"the","start":3134.59,"end":3134.67},{"text":"respect","start":3134.67,"end":3135.31},{"text":"and","start":3135.71,"end":3135.95},{"text":"promotion","start":3135.95,"end":3136.63},{"text":"of","start":3136.63,"end":3136.71},{"text":"international","start":3136.71,"end":3137.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3137.23,"end":3137.95},{"text":"law.","start":3137.95,"end":3138.35}]},{"text":"The response of the international community to the increasing scale of conflict should focus on continued efforts to promote full implementation and compliance with IHL and on supporting the humanitarian action.","start":3139.07,"end":3151.79,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3165.83,"end":3165.99},{"text":"thank","start":3165.99,"end":3166.15},{"text":"the","start":3166.15,"end":3166.27},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":3166.27,"end":3167.23}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"for the report on the status of additional protocols to the Geneva Conventions, and those countries that have provided","start":3167.23,"end":3174.39,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":3318.15,"end":3318.31},{"text":"this","start":3318.31,"end":3318.55},{"text":"regional","start":3318.55,"end":3318.95},{"text":"seminar,","start":3318.95,"end":3319.51},{"text":"the","start":3319.83,"end":3319.95},{"text":"goal","start":3319.95,"end":3320.23},{"text":"is","start":3320.23,"end":3320.39},{"text":"to","start":3320.39,"end":3320.55},{"text":"look","start":3320.55,"end":3320.87},{"text":"at","start":3320.87,"end":3321.27},{"text":"contemporary","start":3321.43,"end":3322.23},{"text":"global","start":3322.23,"end":3322.63},{"text":"challenges","start":3322.63,"end":3323.51},{"text":"and","start":3323.51,"end":3323.75},{"text":"to","start":3323.75,"end":3323.91},{"text":"address","start":3323.91,"end":3324.31},{"text":"regional","start":3324.31,"end":3324.71},{"text":"compliance.","start":3324.71,"end":3325.67}]},{"text":"South Africa remains dedicated to upholding and promoting international humanitarian law.","start":3326.63,"end":3331.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"South","start":3326.63,"end":3326.87},{"text":"Africa","start":3326.87,"end":3327.15},{"text":"remains","start":3327.15,"end":3327.71},{"text":"dedicated","start":3327.71,"end":3328.31},{"text":"to","start":3328.31,"end":3328.51},{"text":"upholding","start":3328.51,"end":3329.07},{"text":"and","start":3329.07,"end":3329.23},{"text":"promoting","start":3329.23,"end":3329.79},{"text":"international","start":3329.79,"end":3330.39},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3330.39,"end":3331.19},{"text":"law.","start":3331.19,"end":3331.47}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Our contribution to the ICRC, our regional and global activities, and our adherence to the Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols demonstrate our dedication to protecting human dignity and alleviating suffering in times of conflict.","start":3332.23,"end":3347.99,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3332.23,"end":3332.31},{"text":"contribution","start":3332.31,"end":3333.11},{"text":"to","start":3333.11,"end":3333.19},{"text":"the","start":3333.19,"end":3333.31},{"text":"ICRC,","start":3333.31,"end":3334.39},{"text":"our","start":3334.63,"end":3334.71},{"text":"regional","start":3334.79,"end":3335.27},{"text":"and","start":3335.27,"end":3335.47},{"text":"global","start":3335.47,"end":3335.83},{"text":"activities,","start":3335.83,"end":3336.79},{"text":"and","start":3336.79,"end":3337.03},{"text":"our","start":3337.03,"end":3337.15},{"text":"adherence","start":3337.23,"end":3337.87},{"text":"to","start":3337.87,"end":3337.95},{"text":"the","start":3337.95,"end":3338.07},{"text":"Geneva","start":3338.07,"end":3338.47},{"text":"Conventions","start":3338.47,"end":3339.19},{"text":"and","start":3339.19,"end":3339.31},{"text":"the","start":3339.31,"end":3339.39},{"text":"Additional","start":3339.39,"end":3339.83},{"text":"Protocols","start":3339.83,"end":3340.63},{"text":"demonstrate","start":3341.03,"end":3341.67},{"text":"our","start":3341.67,"end":3341.75},{"text":"dedication","start":3341.75,"end":3342.63},{"text":"to","start":3343.27,"end":3343.35},{"text":"protecting","start":3343.35,"end":3343.99},{"text":"human","start":3343.99,"end":3344.31},{"text":"dignity","start":3344.31,"end":3344.87},{"text":"and","start":3344.87,"end":3345.07},{"text":"alleviating","start":3345.07,"end":3345.75},{"text":"suffering","start":3345.75,"end":3346.39},{"text":"in","start":3346.39,"end":3346.63},{"text":"times","start":3346.71,"end":3347.11},{"text":"of","start":3347.11,"end":3347.27},{"text":"conflict.","start":3347.27,"end":3347.99}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"More broadly, South Africa is proud to be one among the six countries that have launched a global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law, which has garnered widespread support with 118 member states joining this initiative.","start":3348.71,"end":3366.47,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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Madam.","start":3377.91,"end":3378.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3377.91,"end":3378.07},{"text":"thank","start":3378.07,"end":3378.39},{"text":"you,","start":3378.39,"end":3378.47},{"text":"Madam.","start":3378.47,"end":3378.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ZAF","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"South Africa"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":3380.47,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=56:21","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of South Africa for her statement.","start":3380.47,"end":3384.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3380.47,"end":3380.55},{"text":"thank","start":3380.55,"end":3380.87},{"text":"the","start":3380.87,"end":3380.95},{"text":"distinguished","start":3380.95,"end":3381.51},{"text":"representative","start":3381.51,"end":3382.31},{"text":"of","start":3382.31,"end":3382.43},{"text":"South","start":3382.43,"end":3382.79},{"text":"Africa","start":3382.79,"end":3383.27},{"text":"for","start":3383.35,"end":3383.59},{"text":"her","start":3383.59,"end":3383.75},{"text":"statement.","start":3383.75,"end":3384.39}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Slovenia.","start":3384.39,"end":3387.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3384.39,"end":3384.47},{"text":"give","start":3384.51,"end":3384.71},{"text":"the","start":3384.71,"end":3384.79},{"text":"floor","start":3384.79,"end":3385.19},{"text":"to","start":3385.19,"end":3385.27},{"text":"the","start":3385.27,"end":3385.35},{"text":"distinguished","start":3385.35,"end":3385.91},{"text":"representative","start":3385.91,"end":3386.63},{"text":"of","start":3386.63,"end":3386.79},{"text":"Slovenia.","start":3386.79,"end":3387.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":24,"start":3394.15,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=56:35","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":3394.15,"end":3395.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3394.15,"end":3394.39},{"text":"you,","start":3394.39,"end":3394.63},{"text":"Madam","start":3394.63,"end":3394.95},{"text":"Chair.","start":3394.95,"end":3395.27}]},{"text":"Slovenia aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the EU and its member states and would like to add the following remarks in its national 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Chair, international humanitarian law is an essential cornerstone of our collective efforts to preserve humanity in times of war and to protect civilians from the horrors of armed conflict.","start":3406.91,"end":3421.47,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3475.59,"end":3475.63},{"text":"following","start":3475.63,"end":3476.11},{"text":"activities","start":3476.11,"end":3476.91},{"text":"demonstrate","start":3476.91,"end":3477.55},{"text":"Slovenia's","start":3477.55,"end":3478.19},{"text":"deep","start":3478.19,"end":3478.43},{"text":"commitment","start":3478.43,"end":3479.11},{"text":"to","start":3479.11,"end":3479.23},{"text":"IHL.","start":3479.23,"end":3480.03}]},{"text":"First, at the international level.","start":3480.91,"end":3483.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3480.91,"end":3481.31},{"text":"at","start":3482.03,"end":3482.15},{"text":"the","start":3482.15,"end":3482.23},{"text":"international","start":3482.23,"end":3482.95},{"text":"level.","start":3482.95,"end":3483.39}]},{"text":"Recognizing the need to promote respect for IHL, the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Republic of Slovenia organized the international conference titled \"Strengthening the Protection of Civilians: Challenges of Contemporary Armed Conflicts.\"","start":3484.91,"end":3502.27,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":3520.59,"end":3520.79},{"text":"the","start":3520.79,"end":3520.91},{"text":"34th","start":3520.91,"end":3521.79},{"text":"International","start":3521.87,"end":3522.59},{"text":"Conference","start":3522.59,"end":3523.31},{"text":"of","start":3523.31,"end":3523.47},{"text":"the","start":3523.47,"end":3523.59},{"text":"Red","start":3523.59,"end":3523.79},{"text":"Cross","start":3523.79,"end":3524.31},{"text":"and","start":3524.31,"end":3524.43},{"text":"Red","start":3524.43,"end":3524.63},{"text":"Crescent","start":3524.63,"end":3525.07},{"text":"in","start":3525.07,"end":3525.23},{"text":"Geneva,","start":3525.23,"end":3525.79},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3526.27,"end":3526.83},{"text":"contributed","start":3526.83,"end":3527.67},{"text":"to","start":3527.67,"end":3527.87},{"text":"the","start":3527.87,"end":3527.99},{"text":"adoption","start":3527.99,"end":3528.51},{"text":"of","start":3528.51,"end":3528.59},{"text":"five","start":3528.59,"end":3528.91},{"text":"resolutions","start":3528.91,"end":3529.95},{"text":"and","start":3530.51,"end":3530.59},{"text":"co-organized","start":3530.59,"end":3531.39},{"text":"the","start":3531.39,"end":3531.47},{"text":"side","start":3531.47,"end":3531.79},{"text":"event","start":3531.79,"end":3532.19},{"text":"on","start":3532.19,"end":3532.27},{"text":"the","start":3532.27,"end":3532.39},{"text":"protection","start":3532.39,"end":3532.91},{"text":"of","start":3532.91,"end":3533.07},{"text":"children","start":3533.07,"end":3533.47},{"text":"during","start":3533.47,"end":3533.79},{"text":"armed","start":3533.79,"end":3534.11},{"text":"conflicts.","start":3534.11,"end":3534.83}]},{"text":"In order to promote respect for IHL at a high level, Slovenia was among the first states to join the ICRC's global initiative to galvanize political commitment to IHL in March 2025.","start":3536.59,"end":3550.35,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3575.51,"end":3575.59},{"text":"are","start":3575.59,"end":3575.75},{"text":"pleased","start":3575.75,"end":3576.11},{"text":"to","start":3576.11,"end":3576.19},{"text":"see","start":3576.19,"end":3576.63},{"text":"that","start":3576.63,"end":3576.87},{"text":"numerous","start":3576.87,"end":3577.39},{"text":"Slovenian","start":3577.39,"end":3577.83},{"text":"proposals","start":3577.83,"end":3578.79},{"text":"have","start":3578.79,"end":3578.99},{"text":"been","start":3578.99,"end":3579.19},{"text":"reflected","start":3579.19,"end":3580.23},{"text":"in","start":3580.23,"end":3580.31},{"text":"the","start":3580.31,"end":3580.39},{"text":"outcome","start":3580.39,"end":3580.79},{"text":"documents","start":3580.79,"end":3581.59},{"text":"of","start":3581.75,"end":3581.91},{"text":"all","start":3581.91,"end":3582.31},{"text":"the","start":3582.31,"end":3582.55},{"text":"three","start":3582.55,"end":3582.87},{"text":"work","start":3582.87,"end":3583.19},{"text":"streams.","start":3583.19,"end":3583.75}]},{"text":"As chair of the Group of Friends on Water and Peace in Geneva, Slovenia has advocated the protection of water during armed conflicts.","start":3585.99,"end":3594.95,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":3585.99,"end":3586.23},{"text":"chair","start":3586.23,"end":3586.79},{"text":"of","start":3586.79,"end":3586.95},{"text":"the","start":3586.95,"end":3587.11},{"text":"Group","start":3587.11,"end":3587.35},{"text":"of","start":3587.35,"end":3587.47},{"text":"Friends","start":3587.47,"end":3588.07},{"text":"on","start":3588.11,"end":3588.31},{"text":"Water","start":3588.31,"end":3588.79},{"text":"and","start":3588.79,"end":3589.03},{"text":"Peace","start":3589.03,"end":3589.47},{"text":"in","start":3589.47,"end":3589.59},{"text":"Geneva,","start":3589.59,"end":3590.23},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3590.71,"end":3591.23},{"text":"has","start":3591.23,"end":3591.51},{"text":"advocated","start":3591.51,"end":3592.31},{"text":"the","start":3592.31,"end":3592.51},{"text":"protection","start":3592.51,"end":3593.07},{"text":"of","start":3593.07,"end":3593.19},{"text":"water","start":3593.19,"end":3593.59},{"text":"during","start":3593.59,"end":3593.87},{"text":"armed","start":3593.87,"end":3594.19},{"text":"conflicts.","start":3594.19,"end":3594.95}]},{"text":"In May 25, Slovenia co-organized a Security Council ARYA formula meeting.","start":3595.99,"end":3601.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3595.99,"end":3596.15},{"text":"May","start":3596.15,"end":3596.39},{"text":"25,","start":3596.39,"end":3597.19},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3597.51,"end":3598.07},{"text":"co-organized","start":3598.07,"end":3598.99},{"text":"a","start":3599.03,"end":3599.11},{"text":"Security","start":3599.11,"end":3599.67},{"text":"Council","start":3599.67,"end":3600.31},{"text":"ARYA","start":3600.31,"end":3600.71},{"text":"formula","start":3600.71,"end":3601.23},{"text":"meeting.","start":3601.23,"end":3601.67}]},{"text":"on freshwater resources and related infrastructure under attack, protecting water in armed conflict protecting civilian lives.","start":3602.35,"end":3612.03,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"on","start":3602.35,"end":3602.55},{"text":"freshwater","start":3602.55,"end":3603.23},{"text":"resources","start":3603.23,"end":3604.15},{"text":"and","start":3604.23,"end":3604.39},{"text":"related","start":3604.39,"end":3604.91},{"text":"infrastructure","start":3605.03,"end":3605.91},{"text":"under","start":3605.91,"end":3606.27},{"text":"attack,","start":3606.27,"end":3606.71},{"text":"protecting","start":3607.91,"end":3608.55},{"text":"water","start":3608.55,"end":3609.03},{"text":"in","start":3609.03,"end":3609.19},{"text":"armed","start":3609.19,"end":3609.51},{"text":"conflict","start":3609.51,"end":3610},{"text":"protecting","start":3610.31,"end":3610.91},{"text":"civilian","start":3610.91,"end":3611.47},{"text":"lives.","start":3611.47,"end":3612.03}]},{"text":"Slovenia is also a leading partner of the Global Alliance to Spare Water from Armed Conflicts.","start":3613.23,"end":3619.23,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Slovenia","start":3613.23,"end":3613.71},{"text":"is","start":3613.71,"end":3613.87},{"text":"also","start":3613.87,"end":3614.67},{"text":"a","start":3614.67,"end":3614.71},{"text":"leading","start":3614.71,"end":3615.07},{"text":"partner","start":3615.07,"end":3615.71},{"text":"of","start":3615.71,"end":3615.95},{"text":"the","start":3615.95,"end":3616.03},{"text":"Global","start":3616.03,"end":3616.43},{"text":"Alliance","start":3616.43,"end":3616.99},{"text":"to","start":3616.99,"end":3617.11},{"text":"Spare","start":3617.11,"end":3617.47},{"text":"Water","start":3617.47,"end":3617.95},{"text":"from","start":3617.95,"end":3618.19},{"text":"Armed","start":3618.19,"end":3618.47},{"text":"Conflicts.","start":3618.47,"end":3619.23}]},{"text":"Our commitment to IHL is further reflected in its humanitarian assistance.","start":3620.91,"end":3625.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3620.91,"end":3621.15},{"text":"commitment","start":3621.15,"end":3621.91},{"text":"to","start":3621.91,"end":3622.03},{"text":"IHL","start":3622.03,"end":3622.59},{"text":"is","start":3622.59,"end":3622.75},{"text":"further","start":3622.75,"end":3623.11},{"text":"reflected","start":3623.11,"end":3623.67},{"text":"in","start":3623.67,"end":3623.79},{"text":"its","start":3623.79,"end":3623.95},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3623.95,"end":3624.67},{"text":"assistance.","start":3624.67,"end":3625.47}]},{"text":"In 2024-25, we contributed 1.3 million euros through international humanitarian organizations to respond to crises caused by conflicts and 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at the regional level, In December 24, Slovenia organized the third regional expert event titled \"Women in Peace and Security Efforts: Perspectives from Southeastern Europe and Ukraine\" in cooperation with 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event focused on women's participation in peace and security efforts.","start":3675.55,"end":3680.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3675.55,"end":3675.75},{"text":"event","start":3675.75,"end":3676.11},{"text":"focused","start":3676.11,"end":3676.75},{"text":"on","start":3676.79,"end":3676.91},{"text":"women's","start":3676.91,"end":3677.31},{"text":"participation","start":3677.31,"end":3678.15},{"text":"in","start":3678.15,"end":3678.27},{"text":"peace","start":3678.27,"end":3678.75},{"text":"and","start":3678.83,"end":3678.99},{"text":"security","start":3678.99,"end":3679.63},{"text":"efforts.","start":3679.63,"end":3680.35}]},{"text":"In order to strengthen regional cooperation between national IHL committees, Slovenia actively participated in the second regional conference of European national IHL committees, which took place in Warsaw in '25.","start":3681.63,"end":3695.55,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3681.63,"end":3681.87},{"text":"order","start":3681.87,"end":3682.11},{"text":"to","start":3682.11,"end":3682.23},{"text":"strengthen","start":3682.23,"end":3682.99},{"text":"regional","start":3682.99,"end":3683.47},{"text":"cooperation","start":3683.47,"end":3684.27},{"text":"between","start":3684.27,"end":3684.63},{"text":"national","start":3684.63,"end":3685.15},{"text":"IHL","start":3685.15,"end":3685.71},{"text":"committees,","start":3685.71,"end":3686.43},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3686.51,"end":3687.07},{"text":"actively","start":3687.07,"end":3687.55},{"text":"participated","start":3687.55,"end":3688.35},{"text":"in","start":3688.35,"end":3688.51},{"text":"the","start":3688.51,"end":3688.59},{"text":"second","start":3688.59,"end":3689.07},{"text":"regional","start":3689.07,"end":3689.47},{"text":"conference","start":3689.47,"end":3690.15},{"text":"of","start":3690.15,"end":3690.23},{"text":"European","start":3690.23,"end":3690.83},{"text":"national","start":3690.83,"end":3691.31},{"text":"IHL","start":3691.31,"end":3691.79},{"text":"committees,","start":3691.79,"end":3692.43},{"text":"which","start":3692.91,"end":3693.23},{"text":"took","start":3693.23,"end":3693.39},{"text":"place","start":3693.39,"end":3693.87},{"text":"in","start":3693.87,"end":3694.03},{"text":"Warsaw","start":3694.03,"end":3694.59},{"text":"in","start":3694.67,"end":3694.83},{"text":"'25.","start":3694.83,"end":3695.55}]},{"text":"The conference provided an excellent opportunity for the Slovenian IHL committee to share its experience, expertise, and good practice with other committees.","start":3696.59,"end":3705.87,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3696.59,"end":3696.79},{"text":"conference","start":3696.79,"end":3697.31},{"text":"provided","start":3697.31,"end":3697.87},{"text":"an","start":3697.87,"end":3698.11},{"text":"excellent","start":3698.11,"end":3698.63},{"text":"opportunity","start":3698.63,"end":3699.31},{"text":"for","start":3699.31,"end":3699.51},{"text":"the","start":3699.51,"end":3699.59},{"text":"Slovenian","start":3699.59,"end":3700.11},{"text":"IHL","start":3700.11,"end":3700.59},{"text":"committee","start":3700.59,"end":3701.07},{"text":"to","start":3701.07,"end":3701.15},{"text":"share","start":3701.15,"end":3701.39},{"text":"its","start":3701.39,"end":3701.55},{"text":"experience,","start":3701.55,"end":3702.43},{"text":"expertise,","start":3702.51,"end":3703.47},{"text":"and","start":3703.63,"end":3703.83},{"text":"good","start":3703.83,"end":3704.07},{"text":"practice","start":3704.07,"end":3704.75},{"text":"with","start":3704.75,"end":3704.95},{"text":"other","start":3704.95,"end":3705.23},{"text":"committees.","start":3705.23,"end":3705.87}]},{"text":"Finally, at the national level, Slovenia has strengthened the implementation and dissemination of IHL through its first voluntary report on the implementation and dissemination of knowledge of IHL.","start":3707.63,"end":3720.43,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":3707.63,"end":3708.19},{"text":"at","start":3708.43,"end":3708.55},{"text":"the","start":3708.55,"end":3708.63},{"text":"national","start":3708.63,"end":3709.07},{"text":"level,","start":3709.07,"end":3709.55},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3710.19,"end":3710.67},{"text":"has","start":3710.67,"end":3710.83},{"text":"strengthened","start":3710.83,"end":3711.39},{"text":"the","start":3711.39,"end":3711.47},{"text":"implementation","start":3711.47,"end":3712.35},{"text":"and","start":3712.35,"end":3712.63},{"text":"dissemination","start":3712.63,"end":3713.39},{"text":"of","start":3713.39,"end":3713.47},{"text":"IHL","start":3713.47,"end":3714.19},{"text":"through","start":3714.19,"end":3714.47},{"text":"its","start":3714.47,"end":3714.67},{"text":"first","start":3714.67,"end":3715.15},{"text":"voluntary","start":3715.23,"end":3715.99},{"text":"report","start":3715.99,"end":3716.51},{"text":"on","start":3716.51,"end":3716.67},{"text":"the","start":3716.67,"end":3716.79},{"text":"implementation","start":3716.79,"end":3717.55},{"text":"and","start":3717.55,"end":3717.67},{"text":"dissemination","start":3717.67,"end":3718.59},{"text":"of","start":3718.67,"end":3718.83},{"text":"knowledge","start":3718.83,"end":3719.39},{"text":"of","start":3719.39,"end":3719.63},{"text":"IHL.","start":3719.63,"end":3720.43}]},{"text":"In its national position paper on the importance of international law in cyberspace, Slovenia reaffirmed that existing international law also applies to cyberspace.","start":3721.55,"end":3731.95,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3721.55,"end":3721.79},{"text":"its","start":3721.79,"end":3722.11},{"text":"national","start":3722.11,"end":3722.67},{"text":"position","start":3722.67,"end":3723.15},{"text":"paper","start":3723.15,"end":3723.71},{"text":"on","start":3723.87,"end":3724.03},{"text":"the","start":3724.03,"end":3724.15},{"text":"importance","start":3724.15,"end":3724.79},{"text":"of","start":3724.79,"end":3724.87},{"text":"international","start":3724.87,"end":3725.51},{"text":"law","start":3725.51,"end":3725.63},{"text":"in","start":3725.63,"end":3725.79},{"text":"cyberspace,","start":3725.79,"end":3726.87},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3726.87,"end":3727.31},{"text":"reaffirmed","start":3727.31,"end":3727.91},{"text":"that","start":3727.91,"end":3728.03},{"text":"existing","start":3728.03,"end":3728.67},{"text":"international","start":3728.75,"end":3729.51},{"text":"law","start":3729.51,"end":3729.59},{"text":"also","start":3729.59,"end":3730.27},{"text":"applies","start":3730.27,"end":3730.91},{"text":"to","start":3730.99,"end":3731.11},{"text":"cyberspace.","start":3731.11,"end":3731.95}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, The high-level conference, Humanity in War, which will take place on 7 December '26 in Jordan, is closely associated with the ICRC's global initiative to galvanize political commitment to IHL.","start":3733.63,"end":3750.11,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3733.63,"end":3733.95},{"text":"Chair,","start":3733.95,"end":3734.35},{"text":"The","start":3735.71,"end":3735.87},{"text":"high-level","start":3735.87,"end":3736.35},{"text":"conference,","start":3736.35,"end":3737.31},{"text":"Humanity","start":3737.55,"end":3738.23},{"text":"in","start":3738.23,"end":3738.35},{"text":"War,","start":3738.35,"end":3738.83},{"text":"which","start":3739.07,"end":3739.39},{"text":"will","start":3739.39,"end":3739.55},{"text":"take","start":3739.55,"end":3739.79},{"text":"place","start":3739.79,"end":3740.35},{"text":"on","start":3740.43,"end":3740.59},{"text":"7","start":3740.59,"end":3740.91},{"text":"December","start":3740.91,"end":3741.47},{"text":"'26","start":3741.47,"end":3742.03},{"text":"in","start":3742.03,"end":3742.19},{"text":"Jordan,","start":3742.19,"end":3742.75},{"text":"is","start":3743.39,"end":3743.63},{"text":"closely","start":3743.63,"end":3744.19},{"text":"associated","start":3744.19,"end":3744.99},{"text":"with","start":3744.99,"end":3745.19},{"text":"the","start":3745.19,"end":3745.27},{"text":"ICRC's","start":3745.27,"end":3746.27},{"text":"global","start":3746.35,"end":3746.79},{"text":"initiative","start":3746.79,"end":3747.39},{"text":"to","start":3747.39,"end":3747.47},{"text":"galvanize","start":3747.47,"end":3748.11},{"text":"political","start":3748.11,"end":3748.59},{"text":"commitment","start":3748.59,"end":3749.27},{"text":"to","start":3749.27,"end":3749.39},{"text":"IHL.","start":3749.39,"end":3750.11}]},{"text":"We consider the high-level conference to be an excellent opportunity for heads of states to reiterate their political commitments to respect of IHL.","start":3751.31,"end":3761.47,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3751.31,"end":3751.47},{"text":"consider","start":3751.47,"end":3752.19},{"text":"the","start":3752.27,"end":3752.51},{"text":"high-level","start":3752.51,"end":3752.99},{"text":"conference","start":3752.99,"end":3753.55},{"text":"to","start":3753.55,"end":3753.67},{"text":"be","start":3753.67,"end":3753.83},{"text":"an","start":3753.83,"end":3753.95},{"text":"excellent","start":3753.95,"end":3754.55},{"text":"opportunity","start":3754.55,"end":3755.23},{"text":"for","start":3755.23,"end":3755.39},{"text":"heads","start":3755.39,"end":3755.67},{"text":"of","start":3755.67,"end":3755.79},{"text":"states","start":3755.79,"end":3756.19},{"text":"to","start":3756.19,"end":3756.31},{"text":"reiterate","start":3756.31,"end":3757.15},{"text":"their","start":3757.15,"end":3757.39},{"text":"political","start":3757.39,"end":3758.39},{"text":"commitments","start":3758.75,"end":3759.63},{"text":"to","start":3759.63,"end":3759.71},{"text":"respect","start":3759.71,"end":3760.51},{"text":"of","start":3760.51,"end":3760.75},{"text":"IHL.","start":3760.75,"end":3761.47}]},{"text":"I am pleased to inform that our head of state, President Pirc Musar, will attend it.","start":3762.47,"end":3767.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3762.47,"end":3762.59},{"text":"am","start":3762.59,"end":3762.71},{"text":"pleased","start":3762.71,"end":3763.15},{"text":"to","start":3763.15,"end":3763.23},{"text":"inform","start":3763.23,"end":3763.67},{"text":"that","start":3763.67,"end":3763.87},{"text":"our","start":3763.87,"end":3763.99},{"text":"head","start":3763.99,"end":3764.19},{"text":"of","start":3764.19,"end":3764.31},{"text":"state,","start":3764.31,"end":3764.71},{"text":"President","start":3764.71,"end":3765.27},{"text":"Pirc","start":3765.27,"end":3765.55},{"text":"Musar,","start":3765.59,"end":3766.07},{"text":"will","start":3766.15,"end":3766.47},{"text":"attend","start":3766.47,"end":3766.87},{"text":"it.","start":3766.87,"end":3767.11}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Slovenia will continue to work with its partners to promote respect for international law and to uphold humanity and human dignity in situations of armed conflict.","start":3768.39,"end":3780.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3768.39,"end":3768.71},{"text":"Chair,","start":3768.71,"end":3769.03},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3769.03,"end":3769.51},{"text":"will","start":3769.51,"end":3769.67},{"text":"continue","start":3769.67,"end":3770.23},{"text":"to","start":3770.23,"end":3770.35},{"text":"work","start":3770.35,"end":3770.67},{"text":"with","start":3770.67,"end":3770.79},{"text":"its","start":3770.79,"end":3770.95},{"text":"partners","start":3770.95,"end":3771.75},{"text":"to","start":3771.75,"end":3771.99},{"text":"promote","start":3771.99,"end":3772.39},{"text":"respect","start":3772.39,"end":3772.87},{"text":"for","start":3772.87,"end":3773.03},{"text":"international","start":3773.03,"end":3773.83},{"text":"law","start":3773.83,"end":3773.99},{"text":"and","start":3774.47,"end":3774.75},{"text":"to","start":3774.75,"end":3774.87},{"text":"uphold","start":3774.87,"end":3775.59},{"text":"humanity","start":3775.67,"end":3776.55},{"text":"and","start":3776.71,"end":3776.87},{"text":"human","start":3776.87,"end":3777.27},{"text":"dignity","start":3777.27,"end":3777.99},{"text":"in","start":3777.99,"end":3778.15},{"text":"situations","start":3778.15,"end":3779.11},{"text":"of","start":3779.19,"end":3779.35},{"text":"armed","start":3779.35,"end":3779.67},{"text":"conflict.","start":3779.67,"end":3780.31}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":3780.63,"end":3781.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3780.63,"end":3780.71},{"text":"thank","start":3780.71,"end":3780.99},{"text":"you.","start":3780.99,"end":3781.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"SVN","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Slovenia"}},{"statement_number":25,"start":3782.55,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:03:03","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Slovenia for his statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Switzerland.","start":3782.55,"end":3789.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3782.55,"end":3782.71},{"text":"thank","start":3782.71,"end":3782.95},{"text":"the","start":3782.95,"end":3783.03},{"text":"distinguished","start":3783.03,"end":3783.75},{"text":"representative","start":3783.75,"end":3784.47},{"text":"of","start":3784.47,"end":3784.55},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3784.55,"end":3785.27},{"text":"for","start":3785.27,"end":3785.55},{"text":"his","start":3785.55,"end":3785.71},{"text":"statement,","start":3785.71,"end":3786.27},{"text":"and","start":3786.27,"end":3786.43},{"text":"I","start":3786.43,"end":3786.47},{"text":"give","start":3786.47,"end":3786.63},{"text":"the","start":3786.63,"end":3786.75},{"text":"floor","start":3786.79,"end":3787.03},{"text":"to","start":3787.03,"end":3787.15},{"text":"the","start":3787.19,"end":3787.27},{"text":"distinguished","start":3787.27,"end":3787.83},{"text":"representative","start":3787.83,"end":3788.55},{"text":"of","start":3788.55,"end":3788.63},{"text":"Switzerland.","start":3788.63,"end":3789.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":26,"start":3807.99,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:03:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chairperson.","start":3807.99,"end":3809.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3807.99,"end":3808.23},{"text":"you,","start":3808.23,"end":3808.43},{"text":"Madam","start":3808.47,"end":3808.71},{"text":"Chairperson.","start":3808.71,"end":3809.27}]},{"text":"Our common humanity expressed in the Geneva Conventions and the additional protocols, they are more necessary than ever to protect the victims of armed conflict as the number of conflicts is ever increasing.","start":3811.63,"end":3825.51,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":3811.63,"end":3811.71},{"text":"common","start":3811.71,"end":3812.31},{"text":"humanity","start":3812.67,"end":3813.35},{"text":"expressed","start":3814.07,"end":3814.71},{"text":"in","start":3814.79,"end":3815.03},{"text":"the","start":3815.03,"end":3815.15},{"text":"Geneva","start":3815.15,"end":3815.43},{"text":"Conventions","start":3815.43,"end":3815.91},{"text":"and","start":3815.91,"end":3816.23},{"text":"the","start":3816.23,"end":3816.39},{"text":"additional","start":3816.79,"end":3817.19},{"text":"protocols,","start":3817.19,"end":3818.47},{"text":"they","start":3818.63,"end":3818.95},{"text":"are","start":3818.95,"end":3819.03},{"text":"more","start":3819.03,"end":3819.15},{"text":"necessary","start":3819.15,"end":3819.67},{"text":"than","start":3819.67,"end":3819.91},{"text":"ever","start":3819.91,"end":3820.15},{"text":"to","start":3820.15,"end":3820.39},{"text":"protect","start":3820.39,"end":3820.87},{"text":"the","start":3820.87,"end":3820.95},{"text":"victims","start":3820.95,"end":3821.43},{"text":"of","start":3821.43,"end":3821.59},{"text":"armed","start":3821.59,"end":3821.75},{"text":"conflict","start":3821.75,"end":3822.23},{"text":"as","start":3822.23,"end":3822.39},{"text":"the","start":3822.39,"end":3822.51},{"text":"number","start":3822.51,"end":3823.03},{"text":"of","start":3823.03,"end":3823.19},{"text":"conflicts","start":3823.19,"end":3823.75},{"text":"is","start":3823.75,"end":3823.99},{"text":"ever","start":3824.55,"end":3824.79},{"text":"increasing.","start":3824.79,"end":3825.51}]},{"text":"They establish fundamental humanitarian rules that must be respected under all circumstances in all armed conflicts.","start":3826.63,"end":3831.91,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":3826.63,"end":3826.79},{"text":"establish","start":3826.79,"end":3827.23},{"text":"fundamental","start":3827.23,"end":3827.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3827.67,"end":3828.19},{"text":"rules","start":3828.19,"end":3828.35},{"text":"that","start":3828.35,"end":3828.47},{"text":"must","start":3828.47,"end":3828.63},{"text":"be","start":3828.63,"end":3828.71},{"text":"respected","start":3828.71,"end":3829.19},{"text":"under","start":3829.19,"end":3829.47},{"text":"all","start":3829.51,"end":3829.67},{"text":"circumstances","start":3829.67,"end":3830.39},{"text":"in","start":3830.39,"end":3830.55},{"text":"all","start":3830.67,"end":3831.11},{"text":"armed","start":3831.11,"end":3831.35},{"text":"conflicts.","start":3831.35,"end":3831.91}]},{"text":"Next year, we'll be marking the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions.","start":3832.07,"end":3837.35,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Next","start":3832.07,"end":3832.35},{"text":"year,","start":3832.35,"end":3832.47},{"text":"we'll","start":3832.47,"end":3832.71},{"text":"be","start":3832.71,"end":3832.79},{"text":"marking","start":3832.79,"end":3833.07},{"text":"the","start":3833.07,"end":3833.15},{"text":"50th","start":3833.15,"end":3833.51},{"text":"anniversary","start":3833.51,"end":3834.07},{"text":"of","start":3834.07,"end":3834.23},{"text":"the","start":3834.23,"end":3834.35},{"text":"adoption","start":3834.35,"end":3834.67},{"text":"of","start":3834.67,"end":3834.75},{"text":"the","start":3834.75,"end":3834.83},{"text":"1977","start":3834.83,"end":3835.59},{"text":"Additional","start":3835.59,"end":3835.95},{"text":"Protocols","start":3835.95,"end":3836.31},{"text":"to","start":3836.31,"end":3836.43},{"text":"the","start":3836.43,"end":3836.51},{"text":"Geneva","start":3836.51,"end":3836.79},{"text":"Conventions.","start":3836.79,"end":3837.35}]},{"text":"These instruments have played a decisive role in shaping international IHL, international humanitarian law.","start":3838.15,"end":3845.35,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":3838.15,"end":3838.39},{"text":"instruments","start":3838.39,"end":3838.95},{"text":"have","start":3839.19,"end":3839.35},{"text":"played","start":3839.35,"end":3839.67},{"text":"a","start":3839.67,"end":3839.75},{"text":"decisive","start":3839.75,"end":3840.55},{"text":"role","start":3840.55,"end":3840.83},{"text":"in","start":3841.19,"end":3841.35},{"text":"shaping","start":3841.35,"end":3841.99},{"text":"international","start":3842.39,"end":3843.19},{"text":"IHL,","start":3843.19,"end":3843.99},{"text":"international","start":3843.99,"end":3844.51},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3844.51,"end":3845.03},{"text":"law.","start":3845.03,"end":3845.35}]},{"text":"Their provisions have deeply influenced the development of customary international law, state practice, and case law.","start":3845.91,"end":3850.87,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":3845.91,"end":3846.07},{"text":"provisions","start":3846.07,"end":3846.47},{"text":"have","start":3846.47,"end":3846.71},{"text":"deeply","start":3846.71,"end":3847.03},{"text":"influenced","start":3847.03,"end":3847.43},{"text":"the","start":3847.43,"end":3847.51},{"text":"development","start":3847.51,"end":3848.07},{"text":"of","start":3848.07,"end":3848.15},{"text":"customary","start":3848.15,"end":3848.51},{"text":"international","start":3848.51,"end":3849.23},{"text":"law,","start":3849.23,"end":3849.31},{"text":"state","start":3849.43,"end":3849.67},{"text":"practice,","start":3849.67,"end":3850.15},{"text":"and","start":3850.15,"end":3850.35},{"text":"case","start":3850.35,"end":3850.63},{"text":"law.","start":3850.63,"end":3850.87}]},{"text":"However, this anniversary should not merely be a time to commemorate.","start":3851.83,"end":3855.03,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":3851.83,"end":3852.23},{"text":"this","start":3852.23,"end":3852.47},{"text":"anniversary","start":3852.47,"end":3852.95},{"text":"should","start":3852.95,"end":3853.11},{"text":"not","start":3853.11,"end":3853.35},{"text":"merely","start":3853.35,"end":3853.63},{"text":"be","start":3853.63,"end":3853.75},{"text":"a","start":3853.75,"end":3853.79},{"text":"time","start":3853.79,"end":3854.23},{"text":"to","start":3854.23,"end":3854.35},{"text":"commemorate.","start":3854.35,"end":3855.03}]},{"text":"It must also be an opportunity for us to renew our political commitment and, above all, to take action.","start":3855.19,"end":3860.31,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3860.63,"end":3860.75},{"text":"Additional","start":3860.75,"end":3861.11},{"text":"Protocols","start":3861.11,"end":3861.75},{"text":"are","start":3861.75,"end":3861.83},{"text":"now","start":3861.99,"end":3862.31},{"text":"amongst","start":3862.31,"end":3862.95},{"text":"the","start":3862.95,"end":3863.15},{"text":"most","start":3863.51,"end":3863.83},{"text":"widely","start":3863.91,"end":3864.39},{"text":"ratified","start":3864.39,"end":3864.83},{"text":"treaties","start":3864.83,"end":3865.51},{"text":"in","start":3865.59,"end":3865.75},{"text":"the","start":3865.75,"end":3865.83},{"text":"world.","start":3865.83,"end":3866.23}]},{"text":"However, unlike the Geneva Conventions, they are not yet universal.","start":3866.55,"end":3869.87,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":3866.55,"end":3867.03},{"text":"unlike","start":3867.19,"end":3867.51},{"text":"the","start":3867.51,"end":3867.63},{"text":"Geneva","start":3867.63,"end":3867.91},{"text":"Conventions,","start":3867.91,"end":3868.47},{"text":"they","start":3868.47,"end":3868.55},{"text":"are","start":3868.55,"end":3868.63},{"text":"not","start":3868.63,"end":3868.99},{"text":"yet","start":3868.99,"end":3869.27},{"text":"universal.","start":3869.27,"end":3869.87}]},{"text":"The 50th anniversary will be an opportunity to reflect on the obstacles which have hindered certain States from acceding thereto in the past.","start":3870.71,"end":3878.15,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3870.71,"end":3870.83},{"text":"50th","start":3870.87,"end":3871.27},{"text":"anniversary","start":3871.43,"end":3871.99},{"text":"will","start":3871.99,"end":3872.11},{"text":"be","start":3872.11,"end":3872.19},{"text":"an","start":3872.19,"end":3872.31},{"text":"opportunity","start":3872.31,"end":3873.03},{"text":"to","start":3873.19,"end":3873.35},{"text":"reflect","start":3873.35,"end":3873.99},{"text":"on","start":3873.99,"end":3874.23},{"text":"the","start":3874.23,"end":3874.35},{"text":"obstacles","start":3874.47,"end":3875.11},{"text":"which","start":3875.19,"end":3875.51},{"text":"have","start":3875.51,"end":3875.75},{"text":"hindered","start":3875.75,"end":3876.07},{"text":"certain","start":3876.07,"end":3876.31},{"text":"States","start":3876.31,"end":3876.63},{"text":"from","start":3876.63,"end":3876.79},{"text":"acceding","start":3876.79,"end":3877.27},{"text":"thereto","start":3877.27,"end":3877.47},{"text":"in","start":3877.47,"end":3877.55},{"text":"the","start":3877.55,"end":3877.67},{"text":"past.","start":3877.67,"end":3878.15}]},{"text":"Are there concerns that motivated these decisions, rooted in the specific context of the 1970s, are they still relevant today?","start":3878.87,"end":3886.75,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":3878.87,"end":3878.95},{"text":"there","start":3878.95,"end":3879.11},{"text":"concerns","start":3879.11,"end":3880.31},{"text":"that","start":3880.99,"end":3881.15},{"text":"motivated","start":3881.15,"end":3881.67},{"text":"these","start":3881.67,"end":3881.87},{"text":"decisions,","start":3881.87,"end":3882.59},{"text":"rooted","start":3883.07,"end":3883.39},{"text":"in","start":3883.39,"end":3883.51},{"text":"the","start":3883.51,"end":3883.59},{"text":"specific","start":3883.63,"end":3884.15},{"text":"context","start":3884.15,"end":3884.55},{"text":"of","start":3884.55,"end":3884.63},{"text":"the","start":3884.63,"end":3884.71},{"text":"1970s,","start":3884.71,"end":3885.59},{"text":"are","start":3885.59,"end":3885.67},{"text":"they","start":3885.67,"end":3885.79},{"text":"still","start":3885.79,"end":3886.03},{"text":"relevant","start":3886.03,"end":3886.39},{"text":"today?","start":3886.39,"end":3886.75}]},{"text":"50 years later, the international context has changed a great deal.","start":3887.31,"end":3890.91,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"50","start":3887.31,"end":3887.79},{"text":"years","start":3887.79,"end":3887.95},{"text":"later,","start":3887.95,"end":3888.35},{"text":"the","start":3888.35,"end":3888.43},{"text":"international","start":3888.43,"end":3888.91},{"text":"context","start":3888.91,"end":3889.39},{"text":"has","start":3889.39,"end":3889.63},{"text":"changed","start":3889.63,"end":3890.11},{"text":"a","start":3890.11,"end":3890.19},{"text":"great","start":3890.19,"end":3890.43},{"text":"deal.","start":3890.43,"end":3890.91}]},{"text":"This calls for a reassessment of these positions.","start":3891.23,"end":3894.19,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3891.23,"end":3891.47},{"text":"calls","start":3891.47,"end":3891.79},{"text":"for","start":3891.79,"end":3892.03},{"text":"a","start":3892.03,"end":3892.11},{"text":"reassessment","start":3892.11,"end":3892.99},{"text":"of","start":3892.99,"end":3893.23},{"text":"these","start":3893.31,"end":3893.63},{"text":"positions.","start":3893.63,"end":3894.19}]},{"text":"In a similar vein, this anniversary is also an opportunity for states to reexamine their reservations and declarations made when they acceded to the protocols, so as to determine whether they remain necessary in light of current realities.","start":3894.35,"end":3907.95,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3894.35,"end":3894.51},{"text":"a","start":3894.51,"end":3894.55},{"text":"similar","start":3894.55,"end":3894.87},{"text":"vein,","start":3894.87,"end":3895.15},{"text":"this","start":3895.31,"end":3896.43},{"text":"anniversary","start":3896.59,"end":3897.03},{"text":"is","start":3897.03,"end":3897.11},{"text":"also","start":3897.11,"end":3897.27},{"text":"an","start":3897.27,"end":3897.35},{"text":"opportunity","start":3897.35,"end":3897.75},{"text":"for","start":3897.75,"end":3897.87},{"text":"states","start":3897.87,"end":3898.27},{"text":"to","start":3898.59,"end":3898.71},{"text":"reexamine","start":3898.71,"end":3899.55},{"text":"their","start":3899.55,"end":3899.75},{"text":"reservations","start":3899.75,"end":3900.31},{"text":"and","start":3900.31,"end":3900.43},{"text":"declarations","start":3900.43,"end":3901.07},{"text":"made","start":3901.15,"end":3901.55},{"text":"when","start":3901.55,"end":3901.75},{"text":"they","start":3901.75,"end":3901.87},{"text":"acceded","start":3901.87,"end":3902.35},{"text":"to","start":3902.35,"end":3902.47},{"text":"the","start":3902.47,"end":3902.55},{"text":"protocols,","start":3902.55,"end":3903.07},{"text":"so","start":3903.31,"end":3903.55},{"text":"as","start":3903.55,"end":3903.63},{"text":"to","start":3903.63,"end":3903.75},{"text":"determine","start":3903.75,"end":3904.11},{"text":"whether","start":3904.11,"end":3904.43},{"text":"they","start":3904.43,"end":3904.75},{"text":"remain","start":3904.91,"end":3905.59},{"text":"necessary","start":3905.59,"end":3906.19},{"text":"in","start":3906.19,"end":3906.43},{"text":"light","start":3906.51,"end":3906.83},{"text":"of","start":3906.83,"end":3906.91},{"text":"current","start":3906.91,"end":3907.31},{"text":"realities.","start":3907.31,"end":3907.95}]},{"text":"The anniversary is also an opportunity to strengthen existing mechanisms for the implementation of IHL.","start":3908.55,"end":3914.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3908.55,"end":3908.67},{"text":"anniversary","start":3909.03,"end":3909.67},{"text":"is","start":3909.67,"end":3909.91},{"text":"also","start":3909.91,"end":3910.27},{"text":"an","start":3910.27,"end":3910.35},{"text":"opportunity","start":3910.35,"end":3910.95},{"text":"to","start":3910.95,"end":3911.27},{"text":"strengthen","start":3911.67,"end":3912.15},{"text":"existing","start":3912.15,"end":3912.63},{"text":"mechanisms","start":3912.63,"end":3913.07},{"text":"for","start":3913.07,"end":3913.19},{"text":"the","start":3913.19,"end":3913.27},{"text":"implementation","start":3913.27,"end":3913.83},{"text":"of","start":3913.83,"end":3913.91},{"text":"IHL.","start":3913.91,"end":3914.47}]},{"text":"On this note, I would like to mention the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission.","start":3915.03,"end":3921.19,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":3915.03,"end":3915.19},{"text":"this","start":3915.19,"end":3915.43},{"text":"note,","start":3915.43,"end":3915.75},{"text":"I","start":3915.75,"end":3915.91},{"text":"would","start":3915.91,"end":3916.03},{"text":"like","start":3916.03,"end":3916.31},{"text":"to","start":3916.31,"end":3916.63},{"text":"mention","start":3917.75,"end":3918.23},{"text":"the","start":3918.23,"end":3918.35},{"text":"International","start":3918.79,"end":3919.43},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":3919.43,"end":3920.07},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":3920.07,"end":3920.71},{"text":"Commission.","start":3920.71,"end":3921.19}]},{"text":"It was established under Article 9 of the First Additional Protocol.","start":3921.43,"end":3925.43,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":3921.43,"end":3921.51},{"text":"was","start":3921.51,"end":3921.67},{"text":"established","start":3921.67,"end":3922.11},{"text":"under","start":3922.11,"end":3922.35},{"text":"Article","start":3922.35,"end":3922.79},{"text":"9","start":3922.87,"end":3923.51},{"text":"of","start":3923.51,"end":3923.83},{"text":"the","start":3923.83,"end":3923.95},{"text":"First","start":3923.99,"end":3924.39},{"text":"Additional","start":3924.39,"end":3924.79},{"text":"Protocol.","start":3924.79,"end":3925.43}]},{"text":"The Commission stands ready to assist parties to an armed conflict in conducting investigations into allegations of violations and through its offices to facilitate a return to compliance with IHL.","start":3925.99,"end":3936.55,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":3925.99,"end":3926.07},{"text":"Commission","start":3926.07,"end":3926.47},{"text":"stands","start":3926.47,"end":3926.79},{"text":"ready","start":3926.79,"end":3927.03},{"text":"to","start":3927.03,"end":3927.15},{"text":"assist","start":3927.15,"end":3927.43},{"text":"parties","start":3927.43,"end":3927.75},{"text":"to","start":3927.75,"end":3927.83},{"text":"an","start":3927.83,"end":3927.91},{"text":"armed","start":3927.91,"end":3928.07},{"text":"conflict","start":3928.07,"end":3928.63},{"text":"in","start":3928.79,"end":3928.95},{"text":"conducting","start":3928.95,"end":3929.59},{"text":"investigations","start":3929.59,"end":3930.39},{"text":"into","start":3930.39,"end":3930.59},{"text":"allegations","start":3930.59,"end":3931.07},{"text":"of","start":3931.07,"end":3931.15},{"text":"violations","start":3931.15,"end":3931.75},{"text":"and","start":3931.99,"end":3932.39},{"text":"through","start":3932.55,"end":3932.75},{"text":"its","start":3932.75,"end":3932.87},{"text":"offices","start":3932.87,"end":3933.43},{"text":"to","start":3933.43,"end":3933.63},{"text":"facilitate","start":3933.63,"end":3934.47},{"text":"a","start":3934.63,"end":3934.67},{"text":"return","start":3934.67,"end":3935.19},{"text":"to","start":3935.19,"end":3935.27},{"text":"compliance","start":3935.27,"end":3935.83},{"text":"with","start":3935.83,"end":3935.99},{"text":"IHL.","start":3935.99,"end":3936.55}]},{"text":"Over the last years, the Commission has successfully expanded its capacity to provide good offices, as was mentioned by the distinguished representative of Poland.","start":3936.79,"end":3946.79,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":3936.79,"end":3936.99},{"text":"the","start":3936.99,"end":3937.07},{"text":"last","start":3937.07,"end":3937.43},{"text":"years,","start":3937.59,"end":3938.15},{"text":"the","start":3938.15,"end":3938.23},{"text":"Commission","start":3938.23,"end":3938.63},{"text":"has","start":3938.63,"end":3938.99},{"text":"successfully","start":3938.99,"end":3939.75},{"text":"expanded","start":3939.99,"end":3940.63},{"text":"its","start":3940.63,"end":3940.87},{"text":"capacity","start":3940.87,"end":3941.67},{"text":"to","start":3941.83,"end":3941.95},{"text":"provide","start":3941.95,"end":3942.23},{"text":"good","start":3942.23,"end":3942.47},{"text":"offices,","start":3942.47,"end":3942.95},{"text":"as","start":3943.19,"end":3943.43},{"text":"was","start":3943.43,"end":3943.59},{"text":"mentioned","start":3943.59,"end":3944.07},{"text":"by","start":3944.59,"end":3944.79},{"text":"the","start":3944.79,"end":3944.87},{"text":"distinguished","start":3944.87,"end":3945.43},{"text":"representative","start":3945.43,"end":3946.07},{"text":"of","start":3946.15,"end":3946.31},{"text":"Poland.","start":3946.31,"end":3946.79}]},{"text":"For instance, in 2024, the Commission made its good offices available to Poland so as to address an incident in the Gaza Strip in which a Polish citizen working for a humanitarian organization was killed.","start":3947.63,"end":3962.27,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":3947.63,"end":3947.79},{"text":"instance,","start":3947.79,"end":3948.15},{"text":"in","start":3948.15,"end":3948.35},{"text":"2024,","start":3948.35,"end":3949.31},{"text":"the","start":3949.55,"end":3949.71},{"text":"Commission","start":3949.71,"end":3950.43},{"text":"made","start":3950.59,"end":3950.87},{"text":"its","start":3950.87,"end":3951.03},{"text":"good","start":3951.03,"end":3951.19},{"text":"offices","start":3951.19,"end":3951.55},{"text":"available","start":3951.55,"end":3952.03},{"text":"to","start":3952.03,"end":3952.27},{"text":"Poland","start":3952.27,"end":3952.75},{"text":"so","start":3952.91,"end":3953.15},{"text":"as","start":3953.15,"end":3953.23},{"text":"to","start":3953.23,"end":3953.43},{"text":"address","start":3953.51,"end":3953.99},{"text":"an","start":3953.99,"end":3954.19},{"text":"incident","start":3954.19,"end":3954.75},{"text":"in","start":3954.75,"end":3954.99},{"text":"the","start":3954.99,"end":3955.11},{"text":"Gaza","start":3955.11,"end":3955.55},{"text":"Strip","start":3955.55,"end":3956.19},{"text":"in","start":3956.83,"end":3956.91},{"text":"which","start":3956.91,"end":3957.15},{"text":"a","start":3957.15,"end":3957.23},{"text":"Polish","start":3957.23,"end":3957.71},{"text":"citizen","start":3957.71,"end":3958.27},{"text":"working","start":3959.47,"end":3959.87},{"text":"for","start":3959.87,"end":3960.19},{"text":"a","start":3960.27,"end":3960.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":3960.31,"end":3960.99},{"text":"organization","start":3960.99,"end":3961.71},{"text":"was","start":3961.71,"end":3961.87},{"text":"killed.","start":3961.87,"end":3962.27}]},{"text":"Since the last General Assembly debate on this item, two additional states, Andorra and Honduras, recognized the Commission's competence.","start":3963.47,"end":3972.51,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":3963.47,"end":3963.83},{"text":"the","start":3963.87,"end":3964.03},{"text":"last","start":3964.03,"end":3964.31},{"text":"General","start":3964.31,"end":3964.59},{"text":"Assembly","start":3964.59,"end":3964.91},{"text":"debate","start":3964.91,"end":3965.31},{"text":"on","start":3965.31,"end":3965.51},{"text":"this","start":3965.51,"end":3965.71},{"text":"item,","start":3965.71,"end":3966.11},{"text":"two","start":3966.11,"end":3966.67},{"text":"additional","start":3966.83,"end":3967.31},{"text":"states,","start":3967.31,"end":3967.79},{"text":"Andorra","start":3968.27,"end":3968.91},{"text":"and","start":3968.91,"end":3969.15},{"text":"Honduras,","start":3969.15,"end":3969.79},{"text":"recognized","start":3970.59,"end":3971.39},{"text":"the","start":3971.39,"end":3971.59},{"text":"Commission's","start":3971.59,"end":3972.03},{"text":"competence.","start":3972.03,"end":3972.51}]},{"text":"This attests to the salience of the Commission's mandate and sends a strong message in support of IHL.","start":3972.99,"end":3978.91,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":3972.99,"end":3973.15},{"text":"attests","start":3973.15,"end":3973.95},{"text":"to","start":3973.95,"end":3974.27},{"text":"the","start":3974.35,"end":3974.47},{"text":"salience","start":3974.47,"end":3974.99},{"text":"of","start":3974.99,"end":3975.07},{"text":"the","start":3975.07,"end":3975.15},{"text":"Commission's","start":3975.15,"end":3975.59},{"text":"mandate","start":3975.59,"end":3976.03},{"text":"and","start":3976.15,"end":3976.31},{"text":"sends","start":3976.31,"end":3976.55},{"text":"a","start":3976.55,"end":3976.59},{"text":"strong","start":3976.59,"end":3976.99},{"text":"message","start":3976.99,"end":3977.47},{"text":"in","start":3977.47,"end":3977.63},{"text":"support","start":3977.63,"end":3978.23},{"text":"of","start":3978.23,"end":3978.35},{"text":"IHL.","start":3978.35,"end":3978.91}]},{"text":"Switzerland encourages states, parties to the first additional protocol who have not yet done so to also recognize the Commission's competence.","start":3980.11,"end":3987.63,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Switzerland","start":3980.11,"end":3980.75},{"text":"encourages","start":3980.75,"end":3981.31},{"text":"states,","start":3981.31,"end":3982.03},{"text":"parties","start":3983.15,"end":3983.63},{"text":"to","start":3983.63,"end":3983.71},{"text":"the","start":3983.71,"end":3983.79},{"text":"first","start":3983.79,"end":3984.07},{"text":"additional","start":3984.07,"end":3984.39},{"text":"protocol","start":3984.39,"end":3984.91},{"text":"who","start":3984.91,"end":3984.99},{"text":"have","start":3984.99,"end":3985.15},{"text":"not","start":3985.15,"end":3985.35},{"text":"yet","start":3985.35,"end":3985.51},{"text":"done","start":3985.51,"end":3985.71},{"text":"so","start":3985.71,"end":3985.83},{"text":"to","start":3985.83,"end":3986.03},{"text":"also","start":3986.03,"end":3986.27},{"text":"recognize","start":3986.27,"end":3986.67},{"text":"the","start":3986.67,"end":3986.75},{"text":"Commission's","start":3986.75,"end":3987.19},{"text":"competence.","start":3987.19,"end":3987.63}]},{"text":"By doing so, states can contribute in a significant fashion to the implementation of IHL and thereby to the protection of victims of armed conflicts.","start":3987.87,"end":3996.91,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":3987.87,"end":3988.03},{"text":"doing","start":3988.03,"end":3988.43},{"text":"so,","start":3988.43,"end":3988.59},{"text":"states","start":3988.59,"end":3988.99},{"text":"can","start":3988.99,"end":3989.11},{"text":"contribute","start":3989.11,"end":3989.63},{"text":"in","start":3989.63,"end":3989.75},{"text":"a","start":3989.75,"end":3989.79},{"text":"significant","start":3989.79,"end":3990.23},{"text":"fashion","start":3990.23,"end":3990.59},{"text":"to","start":3990.59,"end":3990.83},{"text":"the","start":3990.83,"end":3990.91},{"text":"implementation","start":3990.91,"end":3991.71},{"text":"of","start":3991.71,"end":3991.95},{"text":"IHL","start":3991.95,"end":3992.67},{"text":"and","start":3992.99,"end":3993.39},{"text":"thereby","start":3993.47,"end":3994.03},{"text":"to","start":3994.35,"end":3994.55},{"text":"the","start":3994.55,"end":3994.63},{"text":"protection","start":3994.63,"end":3995.15},{"text":"of","start":3995.39,"end":3995.55},{"text":"victims","start":3995.63,"end":3996.11},{"text":"of","start":3996.11,"end":3996.19},{"text":"armed","start":3996.19,"end":3996.35},{"text":"conflicts.","start":3996.35,"end":3996.91}]},{"text":"Recognizing the Commission constitutes a concrete simple and immediately accessible measure.","start":3998.11,"end":4004.75,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Recognizing","start":3998.11,"end":3998.91},{"text":"the","start":3998.91,"end":3999.03},{"text":"Commission","start":3999.03,"end":3999.63},{"text":"constitutes","start":3999.79,"end":4000.43},{"text":"a","start":4000.43,"end":4000.51},{"text":"concrete","start":4000.51,"end":4001.15},{"text":"simple","start":4002.15,"end":4002.59},{"text":"and","start":4003.23,"end":4003.51},{"text":"immediately","start":4003.51,"end":4003.87},{"text":"accessible","start":4003.87,"end":4004.31},{"text":"measure.","start":4004.31,"end":4004.75}]},{"text":"It can be accomplished by depositing a declaration with the depository.","start":4004.91,"end":4010.43,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4004.91,"end":4005.11},{"text":"can","start":4005.47,"end":4005.71},{"text":"be","start":4005.71,"end":4005.83},{"text":"accomplished","start":4005.83,"end":4006.51},{"text":"by","start":4006.83,"end":4007.15},{"text":"depositing","start":4007.15,"end":4007.79},{"text":"a","start":4008.27,"end":4008.31},{"text":"declaration","start":4008.31,"end":4009.07},{"text":"with","start":4009.07,"end":4009.59},{"text":"the","start":4009.59,"end":4009.67},{"text":"depository.","start":4009.71,"end":4010.43}]},{"text":"That is all.","start":4010.59,"end":4011.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":4010.59,"end":4010.75},{"text":"is","start":4010.75,"end":4010.87},{"text":"all.","start":4010.87,"end":4011.07}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, I'd like to conclude by renewing our call for all states to make respect for IHL a political priority.","start":4011.95,"end":4021.87,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4011.95,"end":4012.27},{"text":"Chair,","start":4012.27,"end":4012.55},{"text":"I'd","start":4014.59,"end":4014.79},{"text":"like","start":4014.79,"end":4014.91},{"text":"to","start":4014.91,"end":4014.99},{"text":"conclude","start":4014.99,"end":4015.55},{"text":"by","start":4015.55,"end":4015.71},{"text":"renewing","start":4015.71,"end":4016.19},{"text":"our","start":4016.19,"end":4016.35},{"text":"call","start":4016.35,"end":4016.99},{"text":"for","start":4017.79,"end":4018.11},{"text":"all","start":4018.11,"end":4018.35},{"text":"states","start":4018.35,"end":4018.83},{"text":"to","start":4018.83,"end":4018.99},{"text":"make","start":4018.99,"end":4019.31},{"text":"respect","start":4019.31,"end":4019.87},{"text":"for","start":4019.87,"end":4020.11},{"text":"IHL","start":4020.11,"end":4020.67},{"text":"a","start":4020.67,"end":4020.71},{"text":"political","start":4020.71,"end":4021.23},{"text":"priority.","start":4021.23,"end":4021.87}]},{"text":"Switzerland's foreign policy strategy lists the promotion of and respect for IHL amongst the list of priorities.","start":4022.99,"end":4031.31,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Switzerland's","start":4022.99,"end":4023.75},{"text":"foreign","start":4023.75,"end":4024.19},{"text":"policy","start":4024.19,"end":4024.83},{"text":"strategy","start":4024.83,"end":4025.63},{"text":"lists","start":4025.95,"end":4026.59},{"text":"the","start":4027.23,"end":4027.35},{"text":"promotion","start":4027.35,"end":4027.79},{"text":"of","start":4027.79,"end":4027.91},{"text":"and","start":4027.91,"end":4028.03},{"text":"respect","start":4028.03,"end":4028.35},{"text":"for","start":4028.35,"end":4028.67},{"text":"IHL","start":4028.67,"end":4029.31},{"text":"amongst","start":4030.03,"end":4030.35},{"text":"the","start":4030.35,"end":4030.43},{"text":"list","start":4030.43,"end":4030.63},{"text":"of","start":4030.63,"end":4030.75},{"text":"priorities.","start":4030.75,"end":4031.31}]},{"text":"We welcome initiatives that are in keeping with this approach.","start":4031.31,"end":4033.47,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4031.31,"end":4031.47},{"text":"welcome","start":4031.47,"end":4031.71},{"text":"initiatives","start":4031.71,"end":4032.15},{"text":"that","start":4032.15,"end":4032.31},{"text":"are","start":4032.31,"end":4032.43},{"text":"in","start":4032.43,"end":4032.51},{"text":"keeping","start":4032.51,"end":4032.75},{"text":"with","start":4032.75,"end":4032.87},{"text":"this","start":4032.87,"end":4032.99},{"text":"approach.","start":4032.99,"end":4033.47}]},{"text":"The Global Initiative on IHL, launched by the ICRC together with South Africa, Brazil, China, France, Jordan and Kazakhstan, is one such initiative.","start":4034.19,"end":4042.43,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4034.19,"end":4034.31},{"text":"Global","start":4034.35,"end":4034.63},{"text":"Initiative","start":4034.63,"end":4035.07},{"text":"on","start":4035.07,"end":4035.31},{"text":"IHL,","start":4035.31,"end":4036.11},{"text":"launched","start":4036.35,"end":4036.67},{"text":"by","start":4036.67,"end":4036.83},{"text":"the","start":4036.83,"end":4037.03},{"text":"ICRC","start":4037.03,"end":4037.71},{"text":"together","start":4037.71,"end":4038.07},{"text":"with","start":4038.07,"end":4038.19},{"text":"South","start":4038.19,"end":4038.43},{"text":"Africa,","start":4038.43,"end":4038.67},{"text":"Brazil,","start":4038.67,"end":4038.99},{"text":"China,","start":4038.99,"end":4039.47},{"text":"France,","start":4039.55,"end":4039.95},{"text":"Jordan","start":4039.95,"end":4040.31},{"text":"and","start":4040.31,"end":4040.43},{"text":"Kazakhstan,","start":4040.43,"end":4041.07},{"text":"is","start":4041.39,"end":4041.55},{"text":"one","start":4041.55,"end":4041.75},{"text":"such","start":4041.75,"end":4041.95},{"text":"initiative.","start":4041.95,"end":4042.43}]},{"text":"As part of this effort, we are honored to be co-hosting with the ICRC, the Global Dialogue on IHL, and this on the 3rd and 4th of November in Geneva.","start":4043.15,"end":4053.23,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4043.15,"end":4043.39},{"text":"part","start":4043.39,"end":4043.71},{"text":"of","start":4043.71,"end":4043.79},{"text":"this","start":4043.79,"end":4044.03},{"text":"effort,","start":4044.03,"end":4044.43},{"text":"we","start":4044.75,"end":4044.99},{"text":"are","start":4044.99,"end":4045.07},{"text":"honored","start":4045.15,"end":4045.71},{"text":"to","start":4045.95,"end":4046.03},{"text":"be","start":4046.03,"end":4046.11},{"text":"co-hosting","start":4046.11,"end":4046.83},{"text":"with","start":4046.91,"end":4047.27},{"text":"the","start":4047.27,"end":4047.35},{"text":"ICRC,","start":4048.51,"end":4049.39},{"text":"the","start":4049.39,"end":4049.51},{"text":"Global","start":4049.51,"end":4049.91},{"text":"Dialogue","start":4049.91,"end":4050.31},{"text":"on","start":4050.35,"end":4050.67},{"text":"IHL,","start":4050.67,"end":4051.15},{"text":"and","start":4051.15,"end":4051.27},{"text":"this","start":4051.27,"end":4051.39},{"text":"on","start":4051.39,"end":4051.47},{"text":"the","start":4051.47,"end":4051.55},{"text":"3rd","start":4051.55,"end":4051.75},{"text":"and","start":4051.75,"end":4051.87},{"text":"4th","start":4051.87,"end":4052.07},{"text":"of","start":4052.07,"end":4052.15},{"text":"November","start":4052.15,"end":4052.59},{"text":"in","start":4052.67,"end":4052.83},{"text":"Geneva.","start":4052.83,"end":4053.23}]},{"text":"This dialogue will be an opportunity to take stock of the consultations that took place within the framework of the Global Initiative.","start":4053.39,"end":4059.87,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4053.39,"end":4053.63},{"text":"dialogue","start":4053.63,"end":4054.03},{"text":"will","start":4054.03,"end":4054.19},{"text":"be","start":4054.19,"end":4054.39},{"text":"an","start":4054.39,"end":4054.47},{"text":"opportunity","start":4054.47,"end":4055.07},{"text":"to","start":4055.07,"end":4055.39},{"text":"take","start":4055.55,"end":4055.87},{"text":"stock","start":4055.87,"end":4056.19},{"text":"of","start":4056.19,"end":4056.27},{"text":"the","start":4056.27,"end":4056.39},{"text":"consultations","start":4056.99,"end":4057.71},{"text":"that","start":4057.71,"end":4057.83},{"text":"took","start":4057.83,"end":4057.95},{"text":"place","start":4057.95,"end":4058.35},{"text":"within","start":4058.35,"end":4058.59},{"text":"the","start":4058.59,"end":4058.67},{"text":"framework","start":4058.67,"end":4058.99},{"text":"of","start":4058.99,"end":4059.07},{"text":"the","start":4059.07,"end":4059.15},{"text":"Global","start":4059.15,"end":4059.39},{"text":"Initiative.","start":4059.39,"end":4059.87}]},{"text":"The goal is to examine the concrete measures states can take to implement.","start":4060.11,"end":4064.59,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4060.11,"end":4060.27},{"text":"goal","start":4060.27,"end":4060.67},{"text":"is","start":4060.67,"end":4060.83},{"text":"to","start":4060.83,"end":4060.95},{"text":"examine","start":4060.95,"end":4061.47},{"text":"the","start":4061.47,"end":4061.55},{"text":"concrete","start":4061.55,"end":4061.95},{"text":"measures","start":4061.95,"end":4062.35},{"text":"states","start":4062.51,"end":4063.07},{"text":"can","start":4063.07,"end":4063.23},{"text":"take","start":4063.23,"end":4063.63},{"text":"to","start":4063.87,"end":4063.99},{"text":"implement.","start":4063.99,"end":4064.59}]},{"text":"the recommendations emanating from the various working groups, the objective being to enact real change on the ground and ensure better protection is afforded to persons affected by armed conflict.","start":4065.15,"end":4075.31,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":4065.15,"end":4065.35},{"text":"recommendations","start":4065.51,"end":4066.51},{"text":"emanating","start":4066.51,"end":4066.91},{"text":"from","start":4066.91,"end":4067.07},{"text":"the","start":4067.07,"end":4067.15},{"text":"various","start":4067.15,"end":4067.39},{"text":"working","start":4067.39,"end":4067.71},{"text":"groups,","start":4067.71,"end":4068.19},{"text":"the","start":4068.59,"end":4068.71},{"text":"objective","start":4068.75,"end":4069.15},{"text":"being","start":4069.15,"end":4069.39},{"text":"to","start":4069.39,"end":4069.51},{"text":"enact","start":4069.51,"end":4069.79},{"text":"real","start":4069.79,"end":4070.03},{"text":"change","start":4070.03,"end":4070.27},{"text":"on","start":4070.27,"end":4070.35},{"text":"the","start":4070.35,"end":4070.43},{"text":"ground","start":4070.43,"end":4070.83},{"text":"and","start":4070.83,"end":4071.07},{"text":"ensure","start":4071.07,"end":4071.63},{"text":"better","start":4071.87,"end":4072.23},{"text":"protection","start":4072.27,"end":4072.91},{"text":"is","start":4072.91,"end":4073.07},{"text":"afforded","start":4073.07,"end":4073.43},{"text":"to","start":4073.43,"end":4073.79},{"text":"persons","start":4073.87,"end":4074.23},{"text":"affected","start":4074.23,"end":4074.55},{"text":"by","start":4074.55,"end":4074.67},{"text":"armed","start":4074.67,"end":4074.83},{"text":"conflict.","start":4074.83,"end":4075.31}]},{"text":"It is in this same spirit of IHL implementation at the national level that Switzerland and the ICRC organized in April of this year the third meeting of government experts on IHL, dedicated to the implementation of the precautionary principle in armed conflicts.","start":4075.55,"end":4090.43,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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statement.","start":4189.83,"end":4200.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4189.83,"end":4189.91},{"text":"would","start":4189.91,"end":4190.11},{"text":"like","start":4190.11,"end":4190.23},{"text":"to","start":4190.23,"end":4190.39},{"text":"join","start":4190.39,"end":4190.51},{"text":"the","start":4190.51,"end":4190.59},{"text":"statement","start":4190.59,"end":4191.03},{"text":"to","start":4191.23,"end":4191.39},{"text":"be","start":4191.39,"end":4191.55},{"text":"delivered","start":4191.55,"end":4192.27},{"text":"by","start":4192.51,"end":4192.99},{"text":"the","start":4193.23,"end":4193.35},{"text":"representative","start":4193.47,"end":4193.99},{"text":"of","start":4194.03,"end":4194.11},{"text":"the","start":4194.11,"end":4194.23},{"text":"Permanent","start":4194.23,"end":4194.71},{"text":"State","start":4194.71,"end":4194.87},{"text":"of","start":4194.87,"end":4195.03},{"text":"Libya","start":4195.03,"end":4195.35},{"text":"on","start":4195.35,"end":4195.47},{"text":"behalf","start":4195.47,"end":4195.67},{"text":"of","start":4195.67,"end":4195.75},{"text":"the","start":4195.75,"end":4195.83},{"text":"Arab","start":4195.83,"end":4196.03},{"text":"Group,","start":4196.03,"end":4196.27},{"text":"and","start":4196.51,"end":4196.79},{"text":"we","start":4196.79,"end":4196.91},{"text":"would","start":4196.91,"end":4197.07},{"text":"like,","start":4197.07,"end":4197.47},{"text":"in","start":4197.55,"end":4197.79},{"text":"our","start":4197.79,"end":4198.03},{"text":"national","start":4198.03,"end":4198.43},{"text":"capacity,","start":4198.43,"end":4198.83},{"text":"to","start":4198.83,"end":4198.91},{"text":"deliver","start":4198.91,"end":4199.23},{"text":"the","start":4199.23,"end":4199.31},{"text":"following","start":4199.31,"end":4199.59},{"text":"statement.","start":4199.59,"end":4200.19}]},{"text":"My delegation welcomes the Secretary-General's report on the status of the two additional protocols of the Geneva Convention of 1949 on the protection of the victims of armed conflict, as is in document A/81/290.","start":4201.83,"end":4219.51,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":4201.83,"end":4201.91},{"text":"delegation","start":4201.91,"end":4202.31},{"text":"welcomes","start":4202.31,"end":4202.95},{"text":"the","start":4202.95,"end":4203.07},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":4203.43,"end":4204.55},{"text":"report","start":4204.55,"end":4205.35},{"text":"on","start":4205.59,"end":4205.91},{"text":"the","start":4205.91,"end":4206.03},{"text":"status","start":4206.03,"end":4206.27},{"text":"of","start":4206.27,"end":4206.39},{"text":"the","start":4206.39,"end":4206.47},{"text":"two","start":4206.47,"end":4206.79},{"text":"additional","start":4206.87,"end":4207.27},{"text":"protocols","start":4207.27,"end":4207.67},{"text":"of","start":4207.67,"end":4207.75},{"text":"the","start":4207.75,"end":4207.83},{"text":"Geneva","start":4207.83,"end":4208.31},{"text":"Convention","start":4208.47,"end":4209.03},{"text":"of","start":4209.03,"end":4209.19},{"text":"1949","start":4209.19,"end":4210.63},{"text":"on","start":4210.63,"end":4210.79},{"text":"the","start":4210.79,"end":4210.91},{"text":"protection","start":4210.95,"end":4211.75},{"text":"of","start":4211.75,"end":4211.91},{"text":"the","start":4211.91,"end":4212.03},{"text":"victims","start":4212.03,"end":4212.47},{"text":"of","start":4212.47,"end":4212.79},{"text":"armed","start":4213.83,"end":4214.23},{"text":"conflict,","start":4214.23,"end":4215.03},{"text":"as","start":4216.07,"end":4216.39},{"text":"is","start":4216.39,"end":4216.55},{"text":"in","start":4216.55,"end":4216.67},{"text":"document","start":4216.67,"end":4217.19},{"text":"A/81/290.","start":4217.27,"end":4219.51}]},{"text":"This review is information provided by member states and the ICRC on the status of the additional protocols, as well as measures adopted to uphold IHL and ensure its dissemination and full implementation at the national level in implementation of GA resolution 79/123.","start":4220.31,"end":4239.11,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4220.31,"end":4220.55},{"text":"review","start":4220.55,"end":4220.99},{"text":"is","start":4220.99,"end":4221.11},{"text":"information","start":4221.11,"end":4221.55},{"text":"provided","start":4221.55,"end":4221.91},{"text":"by","start":4221.91,"end":4222.15},{"text":"member","start":4222.15,"end":4222.39},{"text":"states","start":4222.39,"end":4222.63},{"text":"and","start":4222.63,"end":4222.75},{"text":"the","start":4222.75,"end":4222.83},{"text":"ICRC","start":4222.83,"end":4223.59},{"text":"on","start":4223.75,"end":4223.91},{"text":"the","start":4223.91,"end":4224.03},{"text":"status","start":4224.03,"end":4224.39},{"text":"of","start":4224.39,"end":4224.63},{"text":"the","start":4224.63,"end":4224.75},{"text":"additional","start":4224.79,"end":4225.15},{"text":"protocols,","start":4225.15,"end":4225.83},{"text":"as","start":4225.99,"end":4226.15},{"text":"well","start":4226.15,"end":4226.39},{"text":"as","start":4226.39,"end":4226.63},{"text":"measures","start":4226.63,"end":4227.19},{"text":"adopted","start":4227.19,"end":4227.63},{"text":"to","start":4227.63,"end":4227.83},{"text":"uphold","start":4228.79,"end":4229.43},{"text":"IHL","start":4229.43,"end":4230.15},{"text":"and","start":4230.47,"end":4230.87},{"text":"ensure","start":4230.87,"end":4231.19},{"text":"its","start":4231.19,"end":4231.35},{"text":"dissemination","start":4231.35,"end":4231.91},{"text":"and","start":4231.91,"end":4232.03},{"text":"full","start":4232.03,"end":4232.23},{"text":"implementation","start":4232.23,"end":4233.03},{"text":"at","start":4233.19,"end":4233.43},{"text":"the","start":4233.43,"end":4233.55},{"text":"national","start":4233.55,"end":4234.03},{"text":"level","start":4234.03,"end":4234.47},{"text":"in","start":4234.47,"end":4234.63},{"text":"implementation","start":4234.63,"end":4235.35},{"text":"of","start":4235.35,"end":4235.83},{"text":"GA","start":4235.99,"end":4236.31},{"text":"resolution","start":4236.39,"end":4237.11},{"text":"79/123.","start":4237.19,"end":4239.11}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Algeria's commitment to IHL as a party to most relevant international agreements and treaties was not born today, but rather has its roots in our justified struggle against colonialism.","start":4240.55,"end":4258.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4240.55,"end":4240.95},{"text":"Chair,","start":4240.95,"end":4241.51},{"text":"Algeria's","start":4242.27,"end":4242.75},{"text":"commitment","start":4242.75,"end":4243.23},{"text":"to","start":4243.23,"end":4243.35},{"text":"IHL","start":4243.35,"end":4243.99},{"text":"as","start":4244.31,"end":4244.63},{"text":"a","start":4244.71,"end":4244.75},{"text":"party","start":4244.75,"end":4245.35},{"text":"to","start":4245.35,"end":4245.51},{"text":"most","start":4245.51,"end":4246.31},{"text":"relevant","start":4246.79,"end":4247.15},{"text":"international","start":4247.15,"end":4248.15},{"text":"agreements","start":4248.39,"end":4249.03},{"text":"and","start":4249.03,"end":4249.35},{"text":"treaties","start":4249.35,"end":4250.15},{"text":"was","start":4250.47,"end":4250.71},{"text":"not","start":4250.71,"end":4250.95},{"text":"born","start":4250.95,"end":4251.35},{"text":"today,","start":4251.35,"end":4251.99},{"text":"but","start":4252.47,"end":4252.71},{"text":"rather","start":4252.71,"end":4253.27},{"text":"has","start":4253.51,"end":4253.67},{"text":"its","start":4253.67,"end":4253.91},{"text":"roots","start":4253.91,"end":4254.31},{"text":"in","start":4254.47,"end":4254.71},{"text":"our","start":4254.71,"end":4255.35},{"text":"justified","start":4256.43,"end":4256.91},{"text":"struggle","start":4256.91,"end":4257.31},{"text":"against","start":4257.31,"end":4257.67},{"text":"colonialism.","start":4257.67,"end":4258.27}]},{"text":"We joined the Geneva Conventions in 1960, which is two years before our independence, and this was at the initiative of the temporary government of the Algerian Republic, and we informed the Swiss Federal Council as the depository of our accession to this convention.","start":4258.35,"end":4278.75,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4258.35,"end":4258.59},{"text":"joined","start":4258.59,"end":4258.99},{"text":"the","start":4258.99,"end":4259.07},{"text":"Geneva","start":4259.07,"end":4259.47},{"text":"Conventions","start":4259.47,"end":4260.15},{"text":"in","start":4260.15,"end":4260.23},{"text":"1960,","start":4260.23,"end":4261.19},{"text":"which","start":4262.07,"end":4262.35},{"text":"is","start":4262.35,"end":4262.51},{"text":"two","start":4262.51,"end":4262.75},{"text":"years","start":4262.75,"end":4262.99},{"text":"before","start":4262.99,"end":4263.47},{"text":"our","start":4263.47,"end":4263.55},{"text":"independence,","start":4263.55,"end":4264.03},{"text":"and","start":4264.15,"end":4264.31},{"text":"this","start":4264.31,"end":4264.51},{"text":"was","start":4264.51,"end":4264.83},{"text":"at","start":4264.83,"end":4265.23},{"text":"the","start":4265.23,"end":4265.35},{"text":"initiative","start":4265.35,"end":4266.03},{"text":"of","start":4266.19,"end":4266.35},{"text":"the","start":4266.35,"end":4266.51},{"text":"temporary","start":4266.51,"end":4267.23},{"text":"government","start":4267.23,"end":4267.79},{"text":"of","start":4267.79,"end":4268.03},{"text":"the","start":4268.03,"end":4268.23},{"text":"Algerian","start":4268.35,"end":4269.23},{"text":"Republic,","start":4269.87,"end":4270.51},{"text":"and","start":4270.67,"end":4271.15},{"text":"we","start":4271.15,"end":4271.71},{"text":"informed","start":4271.95,"end":4272.91},{"text":"the","start":4273.31,"end":4273.47},{"text":"Swiss","start":4273.47,"end":4273.87},{"text":"Federal","start":4273.87,"end":4274.27},{"text":"Council","start":4274.27,"end":4275.07},{"text":"as","start":4275.39,"end":4275.79},{"text":"the","start":4275.79,"end":4275.91},{"text":"depository","start":4275.91,"end":4276.51},{"text":"of","start":4276.67,"end":4276.91},{"text":"our","start":4276.91,"end":4277.23},{"text":"accession","start":4277.23,"end":4277.79},{"text":"to","start":4277.79,"end":4278.11},{"text":"this","start":4278.11,"end":4278.27},{"text":"convention.","start":4278.27,"end":4278.75}]},{"text":"We also joined the two additional protocols, namely the first protocol relating to the protection of victims in international armed conflict and the second additional protocol relating to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts pursuant to presidential decree.","start":4278.99,"end":4295.47,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4278.99,"end":4279.23},{"text":"also","start":4279.23,"end":4279.87},{"text":"joined","start":4280.91,"end":4281.19},{"text":"the","start":4281.19,"end":4281.31},{"text":"two","start":4281.31,"end":4281.79},{"text":"additional","start":4281.95,"end":4282.35},{"text":"protocols,","start":4282.35,"end":4282.99},{"text":"namely","start":4283.39,"end":4283.95},{"text":"the","start":4283.95,"end":4284.07},{"text":"first","start":4284.07,"end":4284.43},{"text":"protocol","start":4284.43,"end":4285.31},{"text":"relating","start":4285.47,"end":4285.83},{"text":"to","start":4285.83,"end":4285.91},{"text":"the","start":4285.91,"end":4285.99},{"text":"protection","start":4285.99,"end":4286.35},{"text":"of","start":4286.35,"end":4286.43},{"text":"victims","start":4286.43,"end":4286.83},{"text":"in","start":4287.27,"end":4287.35},{"text":"international","start":4287.35,"end":4287.87},{"text":"armed","start":4287.87,"end":4288.03},{"text":"conflict","start":4288.03,"end":4288.35},{"text":"and","start":4288.35,"end":4288.47},{"text":"the","start":4288.47,"end":4288.55},{"text":"second","start":4288.55,"end":4288.75},{"text":"additional","start":4288.75,"end":4289.07},{"text":"protocol","start":4289.07,"end":4289.39},{"text":"relating","start":4289.39,"end":4289.67},{"text":"to","start":4289.67,"end":4289.75},{"text":"the","start":4289.75,"end":4289.83},{"text":"protection","start":4289.83,"end":4290.19},{"text":"of","start":4290.19,"end":4290.27},{"text":"victims","start":4290.27,"end":4290.75},{"text":"of","start":4291.55,"end":4291.71},{"text":"non-international","start":4291.79,"end":4292.75},{"text":"armed","start":4292.75,"end":4293.15},{"text":"conflicts","start":4293.15,"end":4293.75},{"text":"pursuant","start":4293.75,"end":4294.19},{"text":"to","start":4294.19,"end":4294.27},{"text":"presidential","start":4294.27,"end":4294.91},{"text":"decree.","start":4294.91,"end":4295.47}]},{"text":"8968 of 16 May 1989.","start":4296.07,"end":4300.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"8968","start":4296.07,"end":4297.59},{"text":"of","start":4297.75,"end":4298.15},{"text":"16","start":4298.15,"end":4298.83},{"text":"May","start":4298.83,"end":4299.11},{"text":"1989.","start":4299.11,"end":4300.47}]},{"text":"In this context, Algeria has been keen to incorporate its international humanitarian law obligations into its national legal framework and to harmonize its legislation with the provisions of the conventions it has ratified.","start":4300.79,"end":4313.91,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4300.79,"end":4300.95},{"text":"this","start":4300.95,"end":4301.19},{"text":"context,","start":4301.19,"end":4301.75},{"text":"Algeria","start":4301.75,"end":4302.15},{"text":"has","start":4302.15,"end":4302.31},{"text":"been","start":4302.31,"end":4302.55},{"text":"keen","start":4302.55,"end":4303.11},{"text":"to","start":4303.43,"end":4303.67},{"text":"incorporate","start":4304.23,"end":4304.83},{"text":"its","start":4304.83,"end":4304.95},{"text":"international","start":4304.95,"end":4305.47},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4305.47,"end":4305.99},{"text":"law","start":4305.99,"end":4306.23},{"text":"obligations","start":4306.23,"end":4307.03},{"text":"into","start":4307.03,"end":4307.35},{"text":"its","start":4307.35,"end":4307.59},{"text":"national","start":4307.59,"end":4308.07},{"text":"legal","start":4308.07,"end":4308.39},{"text":"framework","start":4308.39,"end":4308.95},{"text":"and","start":4309.11,"end":4309.31},{"text":"to","start":4309.31,"end":4309.43},{"text":"harmonize","start":4309.43,"end":4310.23},{"text":"its","start":4310.31,"end":4310.55},{"text":"legislation","start":4310.55,"end":4311.19},{"text":"with","start":4311.19,"end":4311.31},{"text":"the","start":4311.31,"end":4311.39},{"text":"provisions","start":4311.39,"end":4311.75},{"text":"of","start":4311.75,"end":4311.83},{"text":"the","start":4311.83,"end":4311.91},{"text":"conventions","start":4311.91,"end":4312.63},{"text":"it","start":4312.63,"end":4312.87},{"text":"has","start":4312.87,"end":4313.11},{"text":"ratified.","start":4313.11,"end":4313.91}]},{"text":"It has thereby given effect to the principle of the supremacy of international treaties over domestic law, as stipulated in Article 154 of the Constitution, which provides that treaties ratified by the President of the Republic under the conditions prescribed by the Constitution prevail over domestic law.","start":4315.79,"end":4333.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4315.79,"end":4315.91},{"text":"has","start":4315.91,"end":4316.03},{"text":"thereby","start":4316.03,"end":4316.51},{"text":"given","start":4316.59,"end":4316.91},{"text":"effect","start":4316.91,"end":4317.19},{"text":"to","start":4317.19,"end":4317.27},{"text":"the","start":4317.27,"end":4317.39},{"text":"principle","start":4317.39,"end":4317.75},{"text":"of","start":4317.75,"end":4317.83},{"text":"the","start":4317.83,"end":4317.91},{"text":"supremacy","start":4317.91,"end":4318.43},{"text":"of","start":4318.43,"end":4318.59},{"text":"international","start":4318.59,"end":4319.23},{"text":"treaties","start":4319.23,"end":4319.87},{"text":"over","start":4319.87,"end":4320.19},{"text":"domestic","start":4320.19,"end":4320.67},{"text":"law,","start":4320.67,"end":4320.91},{"text":"as","start":4321.15,"end":4321.27},{"text":"stipulated","start":4321.27,"end":4321.79},{"text":"in","start":4321.79,"end":4321.95},{"text":"Article","start":4321.95,"end":4322.59},{"text":"154","start":4322.91,"end":4323.91},{"text":"of","start":4323.91,"end":4323.99},{"text":"the","start":4323.99,"end":4324.07},{"text":"Constitution,","start":4324.07,"end":4324.63},{"text":"which","start":4324.63,"end":4324.83},{"text":"provides","start":4324.83,"end":4325.31},{"text":"that","start":4325.31,"end":4325.47},{"text":"treaties","start":4325.55,"end":4326.03},{"text":"ratified","start":4326.03,"end":4326.39},{"text":"by","start":4326.39,"end":4326.47},{"text":"the","start":4326.47,"end":4326.59},{"text":"President","start":4326.59,"end":4326.95},{"text":"of","start":4326.95,"end":4327.03},{"text":"the","start":4327.03,"end":4327.11},{"text":"Republic","start":4327.11,"end":4327.55},{"text":"under","start":4327.87,"end":4328.27},{"text":"the","start":4328.27,"end":4328.39},{"text":"conditions","start":4328.43,"end":4329.07},{"text":"prescribed","start":4329.07,"end":4330.15},{"text":"by","start":4330.59,"end":4331.15},{"text":"the","start":4331.15,"end":4331.27},{"text":"Constitution","start":4331.27,"end":4331.91},{"text":"prevail","start":4331.91,"end":4332.27},{"text":"over","start":4332.27,"end":4332.75},{"text":"domestic","start":4332.75,"end":4333.23},{"text":"law.","start":4333.23,"end":4333.39}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the National Committee for International Humanitarian Law is one of the most prominent mechanisms established by Algeria to strengthen the implementation of international humanitarian law.","start":4335.15,"end":4343.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4335.15,"end":4335.39},{"text":"Chair,","start":4335.39,"end":4335.63},{"text":"the","start":4335.63,"end":4335.71},{"text":"National","start":4335.71,"end":4336.19},{"text":"Committee","start":4336.19,"end":4336.47},{"text":"for","start":4336.47,"end":4336.63},{"text":"International","start":4336.63,"end":4337.11},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":4337.11,"end":4337.63},{"text":"Law","start":4337.63,"end":4337.71},{"text":"is","start":4337.71,"end":4337.79},{"text":"one","start":4337.79,"end":4338.11},{"text":"of","start":4338.11,"end":4338.35},{"text":"the","start":4338.35,"end":4338.47},{"text":"most","start":4338.47,"end":4338.75},{"text":"prominent","start":4338.75,"end":4339.35},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4339.35,"end":4340.11},{"text":"established","start":4340.11,"end":4340.51},{"text":"by","start":4340.51,"end":4340.63},{"text":"Algeria","start":4340.63,"end":4341.11},{"text":"to","start":4341.11,"end":4341.19},{"text":"strengthen","start":4341.19,"end":4341.55},{"text":"the","start":4341.55,"end":4341.63},{"text":"implementation","start":4341.63,"end":4342.15},{"text":"of","start":4342.15,"end":4342.23},{"text":"international","start":4342.23,"end":4342.71},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4342.71,"end":4343.23},{"text":"law.","start":4343.23,"end":4343.39}]},{"text":"The committee was established in 2008 as a permanent advisory body tasked with promoting, disseminating, and strengthening the application of international humanitarian law by providing opinions, studies, and proposals to public authorities on related matters.","start":4343.87,"end":4357.87,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4343.87,"end":4344.07},{"text":"committee","start":4344.07,"end":4344.51},{"text":"was","start":4344.51,"end":4344.67},{"text":"established","start":4344.67,"end":4345.11},{"text":"in","start":4345.11,"end":4345.19},{"text":"2008","start":4345.19,"end":4345.91},{"text":"as","start":4345.91,"end":4346.03},{"text":"a","start":4346.03,"end":4346.07},{"text":"permanent","start":4346.07,"end":4346.51},{"text":"advisory","start":4346.51,"end":4347.15},{"text":"body","start":4347.15,"end":4347.55},{"text":"tasked","start":4347.55,"end":4347.95},{"text":"with","start":4347.95,"end":4348.15},{"text":"promoting,","start":4348.15,"end":4348.91},{"text":"disseminating,","start":4349.15,"end":4349.95},{"text":"and","start":4349.95,"end":4350.15},{"text":"strengthening","start":4350.15,"end":4350.67},{"text":"the","start":4350.67,"end":4350.75},{"text":"application","start":4350.75,"end":4351.35},{"text":"of","start":4351.35,"end":4351.47},{"text":"international","start":4351.47,"end":4351.95},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4351.95,"end":4352.51},{"text":"law","start":4352.51,"end":4352.75},{"text":"by","start":4353.15,"end":4353.31},{"text":"providing","start":4353.31,"end":4353.95},{"text":"opinions,","start":4353.95,"end":4354.43},{"text":"studies,","start":4354.43,"end":4354.91},{"text":"and","start":4354.91,"end":4355.03},{"text":"proposals","start":4355.03,"end":4355.63},{"text":"to","start":4355.63,"end":4355.79},{"text":"public","start":4355.79,"end":4356.11},{"text":"authorities","start":4356.11,"end":4356.83},{"text":"on","start":4356.83,"end":4356.99},{"text":"related","start":4356.99,"end":4357.39},{"text":"matters.","start":4357.39,"end":4357.87}]},{"text":"In this regard, the committee plays an important role in proposing accession to international conventions and treaties related to international humanitarian law.","start":4359.79,"end":4367.71,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4359.79,"end":4359.91},{"text":"this","start":4359.91,"end":4360.11},{"text":"regard,","start":4360.11,"end":4360.51},{"text":"the","start":4360.51,"end":4360.63},{"text":"committee","start":4360.63,"end":4360.91},{"text":"plays","start":4360.91,"end":4361.19},{"text":"an","start":4361.19,"end":4361.27},{"text":"important","start":4361.27,"end":4361.63},{"text":"role","start":4361.63,"end":4361.87},{"text":"in","start":4361.87,"end":4362.19},{"text":"proposing","start":4362.19,"end":4362.95},{"text":"accession","start":4362.95,"end":4363.47},{"text":"to","start":4363.47,"end":4363.55},{"text":"international","start":4363.55,"end":4364.11},{"text":"conventions","start":4364.11,"end":4364.63},{"text":"and","start":4364.63,"end":4364.75},{"text":"treaties","start":4364.75,"end":4365.23},{"text":"related","start":4365.23,"end":4365.87},{"text":"to","start":4365.87,"end":4366.19},{"text":"international","start":4366.19,"end":4366.75},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4366.75,"end":4367.39},{"text":"law.","start":4367.39,"end":4367.71}]},{"text":"organizing meetings and seminars aimed at disseminating its principles and increasing awareness of its provisions, along with proposing measures necessary to align national legislation with its rules.","start":4368.59,"end":4379.07,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"organizing","start":4368.59,"end":4369.19},{"text":"meetings","start":4369.19,"end":4369.79},{"text":"and","start":4369.79,"end":4369.99},{"text":"seminars","start":4369.99,"end":4370.67},{"text":"aimed","start":4370.99,"end":4371.23},{"text":"at","start":4371.23,"end":4371.31},{"text":"disseminating","start":4371.31,"end":4372.19},{"text":"its","start":4372.19,"end":4372.43},{"text":"principles","start":4372.43,"end":4372.95},{"text":"and","start":4372.95,"end":4373.07},{"text":"increasing","start":4373.07,"end":4373.55},{"text":"awareness","start":4373.55,"end":4373.99},{"text":"of","start":4373.99,"end":4374.07},{"text":"its","start":4374.07,"end":4374.19},{"text":"provisions,","start":4374.19,"end":4374.91},{"text":"along","start":4375.15,"end":4375.47},{"text":"with","start":4375.47,"end":4375.63},{"text":"proposing","start":4375.63,"end":4376.11},{"text":"measures","start":4376.11,"end":4376.51},{"text":"necessary","start":4376.51,"end":4377.07},{"text":"to","start":4377.07,"end":4377.23},{"text":"align","start":4377.23,"end":4377.67},{"text":"national","start":4377.67,"end":4377.99},{"text":"legislation","start":4377.99,"end":4378.43},{"text":"with","start":4378.43,"end":4378.59},{"text":"its","start":4378.59,"end":4378.75},{"text":"rules.","start":4378.75,"end":4379.07}]},{"text":"Algeria also attaches particular importance to the integration of international humanitarian law into educational curricula and training programs, both at the level of universities and law schools, and within military training institutions.","start":4380.59,"end":4393.79,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Algeria","start":4380.59,"end":4381.23},{"text":"also","start":4381.23,"end":4381.95},{"text":"attaches","start":4382.03,"end":4382.31},{"text":"particular","start":4382.35,"end":4382.79},{"text":"importance","start":4382.79,"end":4383.27},{"text":"to","start":4383.27,"end":4383.35},{"text":"the","start":4383.35,"end":4383.43},{"text":"integration","start":4383.43,"end":4383.91},{"text":"of","start":4383.91,"end":4383.99},{"text":"international","start":4383.99,"end":4384.47},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4384.47,"end":4384.99},{"text":"law","start":4384.99,"end":4385.23},{"text":"into","start":4385.23,"end":4385.75},{"text":"educational","start":4385.75,"end":4386.23},{"text":"curricula","start":4386.23,"end":4386.71},{"text":"and","start":4386.71,"end":4386.87},{"text":"training","start":4386.87,"end":4387.23},{"text":"programs,","start":4387.23,"end":4387.87},{"text":"both","start":4388.11,"end":4388.51},{"text":"at","start":4388.51,"end":4388.59},{"text":"the","start":4388.59,"end":4388.71},{"text":"level","start":4388.71,"end":4388.95},{"text":"of","start":4388.95,"end":4389.03},{"text":"universities","start":4389.03,"end":4389.87},{"text":"and","start":4389.87,"end":4390.07},{"text":"law","start":4390.07,"end":4390.43},{"text":"schools,","start":4390.43,"end":4391.23},{"text":"and","start":4391.79,"end":4391.95},{"text":"within","start":4391.95,"end":4392.15},{"text":"military","start":4392.15,"end":4392.51},{"text":"training","start":4392.51,"end":4392.87},{"text":"institutions.","start":4392.87,"end":4393.79}]},{"text":"International humanitarian law is taught as part of academic and training programs of military schools and institutions in order to strengthen legal and ethical awareness among officers and members of the National People's Army and to promote respect for the rules governing the conduct of military operations.","start":4394.27,"end":4410.03,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":4394.27,"end":4394.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4394.83,"end":4395.71},{"text":"law","start":4395.71,"end":4396.27},{"text":"is","start":4396.27,"end":4396.51},{"text":"taught","start":4396.51,"end":4396.83},{"text":"as","start":4396.83,"end":4396.99},{"text":"part","start":4396.99,"end":4397.35},{"text":"of","start":4397.35,"end":4397.55},{"text":"academic","start":4397.55,"end":4397.91},{"text":"and","start":4397.91,"end":4398.03},{"text":"training","start":4398.03,"end":4398.27},{"text":"programs","start":4398.27,"end":4398.71},{"text":"of","start":4398.71,"end":4398.79},{"text":"military","start":4398.79,"end":4399.15},{"text":"schools","start":4399.15,"end":4399.43},{"text":"and","start":4399.43,"end":4399.55},{"text":"institutions","start":4399.55,"end":4400.27},{"text":"in","start":4400.51,"end":4400.75},{"text":"order","start":4400.75,"end":4400.99},{"text":"to","start":4400.99,"end":4401.11},{"text":"strengthen","start":4401.11,"end":4401.71},{"text":"legal","start":4401.71,"end":4402.11},{"text":"and","start":4402.11,"end":4402.35},{"text":"ethical","start":4402.35,"end":4402.63},{"text":"awareness","start":4402.63,"end":4403.23},{"text":"among","start":4403.23,"end":4403.63},{"text":"officers","start":4403.63,"end":4404.11},{"text":"and","start":4404.11,"end":4404.23},{"text":"members","start":4404.23,"end":4404.55},{"text":"of","start":4404.55,"end":4404.63},{"text":"the","start":4404.63,"end":4404.71},{"text":"National","start":4404.71,"end":4405.15},{"text":"People's","start":4405.15,"end":4405.55},{"text":"Army","start":4405.55,"end":4406.03},{"text":"and","start":4406.27,"end":4406.39},{"text":"to","start":4406.39,"end":4406.47},{"text":"promote","start":4406.47,"end":4406.75},{"text":"respect","start":4406.75,"end":4407.11},{"text":"for","start":4407.11,"end":4407.23},{"text":"the","start":4407.23,"end":4407.31},{"text":"rules","start":4407.31,"end":4407.63},{"text":"governing","start":4407.63,"end":4408.03},{"text":"the","start":4408.03,"end":4408.11},{"text":"conduct","start":4408.11,"end":4408.43},{"text":"of","start":4408.43,"end":4408.67},{"text":"military","start":4408.67,"end":4409.23},{"text":"operations.","start":4409.23,"end":4410.03}]},{"text":"These efforts are complemented by the preparation of practical manuals and awareness-raising brochures concerning the implementation of international humanitarian law, as well as organizing training courses, information days, and specialized seminars.","start":4410.99,"end":4425.55,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4425.95,"end":4426.11},{"text":"enhances","start":4426.11,"end":4426.47},{"text":"the","start":4426.47,"end":4426.55},{"text":"capacities","start":4426.55,"end":4427.03},{"text":"of","start":4427.03,"end":4427.15},{"text":"those","start":4427.15,"end":4427.39},{"text":"concerned","start":4427.39,"end":4428.19},{"text":"and","start":4429.11,"end":4429.27},{"text":"keeps","start":4429.27,"end":4429.47},{"text":"them","start":4429.47,"end":4429.59},{"text":"informed","start":4429.59,"end":4429.95},{"text":"of","start":4429.95,"end":4430.03},{"text":"relevant","start":4430.03,"end":4430.35},{"text":"developments","start":4430.35,"end":4430.99},{"text":"and","start":4430.99,"end":4431.27},{"text":"practices.","start":4431.27,"end":4432.03}]},{"text":"We would like to take this opportunity to commend the important role played by the Algerian Red Crescent in the field of humanitarian work and in promoting the culture of international humanitarian law, particularly through the provision of humanitarian assistance to refugees and strengthening the coordination and cooperation with relevant regional and international organizations, foremost among them the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.","start":4433.15,"end":4457.99,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Algeria's","start":4458.83,"end":4459.27},{"text":"steadfast","start":4459.27,"end":4459.71},{"text":"commitment","start":4459.71,"end":4460.11},{"text":"to","start":4460.11,"end":4460.19},{"text":"international","start":4460.19,"end":4460.87},{"text":"law,","start":4460.87,"end":4460.95},{"text":"particularly","start":4460.95,"end":4461.63},{"text":"international","start":4461.63,"end":4462.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4462.15,"end":4462.71},{"text":"law,","start":4462.71,"end":4462.95},{"text":"and","start":4463.19,"end":4463.51},{"text":"to","start":4463.51,"end":4463.75},{"text":"the","start":4463.75,"end":4463.91},{"text":"conventions","start":4463.91,"end":4464.43},{"text":"and","start":4464.43,"end":4464.59},{"text":"treaties","start":4464.59,"end":4465.15},{"text":"it","start":4465.15,"end":4465.23},{"text":"has","start":4465.23,"end":4465.35},{"text":"ratified","start":4465.43,"end":4465.83},{"text":"in","start":4465.83,"end":4465.95},{"text":"this","start":4465.95,"end":4466.15},{"text":"field","start":4466.15,"end":4466.71},{"text":"stems","start":4466.95,"end":4467.27},{"text":"from","start":4467.27,"end":4467.43},{"text":"its","start":4467.43,"end":4467.59},{"text":"firm","start":4467.59,"end":4467.91},{"text":"belief","start":4467.91,"end":4468.55},{"text":"in","start":4468.87,"end":4469.19},{"text":"the","start":4469.19,"end":4469.31},{"text":"necessity","start":4469.31,"end":4469.91},{"text":"of","start":4469.91,"end":4469.99},{"text":"respecting","start":4469.99,"end":4470.39},{"text":"international","start":4470.39,"end":4471.07},{"text":"law,","start":4471.07,"end":4471.35},{"text":"safeguarding","start":4472.39,"end":4472.99},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4472.99,"end":4473.51},{"text":"principles,","start":4473.51,"end":4474.03},{"text":"and","start":4474.03,"end":4474.15},{"text":"ensuring","start":4474.15,"end":4474.59},{"text":"effective","start":4474.59,"end":4474.91},{"text":"protection","start":4474.91,"end":4475.43},{"text":"for","start":4475.43,"end":4475.59},{"text":"all","start":4475.59,"end":4475.83},{"text":"persons","start":4475.83,"end":4476.19},{"text":"protected","start":4476.19,"end":4476.63},{"text":"under","start":4476.63,"end":4476.91},{"text":"the","start":4476.91,"end":4477.03},{"text":"rules","start":4477.03,"end":4477.43},{"text":"of","start":4477.75,"end":4477.83},{"text":"international","start":4477.83,"end":4478.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4478.35,"end":4478.91},{"text":"law","start":4478.91,"end":4479.11},{"text":"during","start":4479.11,"end":4479.59},{"text":"armed","start":4479.59,"end":4479.87},{"text":"conflicts,","start":4479.87,"end":4480.47},{"text":"especially","start":4480.63,"end":4481.67},{"text":"civilians,","start":4482.55,"end":4483.43},{"text":"the","start":4483.67,"end":4483.87},{"text":"wounded","start":4483.87,"end":4484.31},{"text":"and","start":4484.31,"end":4484.43},{"text":"the","start":4484.43,"end":4484.55},{"text":"sick,","start":4484.55,"end":4484.95},{"text":"medical","start":4485.35,"end":4485.75},{"text":"personnel,","start":4485.75,"end":4486.39},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4486.87,"end":4487.51},{"text":"workers,","start":4487.51,"end":4488.23},{"text":"and","start":4489.27,"end":4489.51},{"text":"civilian","start":4489.51,"end":4489.91},{"text":"objects.","start":4489.91,"end":4490.39}]},{"text":"Based on this principled position, Algeria reiterates its condemnation of the ongoing violations of international humanitarian law, particularly those targeting civilians in Palestinian territory and Lebanon.","start":4492.07,"end":4503.51,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Based","start":4492.07,"end":4492.47},{"text":"on","start":4492.47,"end":4492.63},{"text":"this","start":4492.63,"end":4492.79},{"text":"principled","start":4492.79,"end":4493.27},{"text":"position,","start":4493.27,"end":4493.91},{"text":"Algeria","start":4494.39,"end":4494.95},{"text":"reiterates","start":4494.95,"end":4495.51},{"text":"its","start":4495.51,"end":4495.67},{"text":"condemnation","start":4495.67,"end":4496.23},{"text":"of","start":4496.23,"end":4496.31},{"text":"the","start":4496.31,"end":4496.43},{"text":"ongoing","start":4496.43,"end":4496.79},{"text":"violations","start":4496.79,"end":4497.27},{"text":"of","start":4497.27,"end":4497.35},{"text":"international","start":4497.35,"end":4498.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4498.03,"end":4498.59},{"text":"law,","start":4498.59,"end":4498.67},{"text":"particularly","start":4498.87,"end":4499.75},{"text":"those","start":4499.75,"end":4500.07},{"text":"targeting","start":4500.07,"end":4500.51},{"text":"civilians","start":4500.51,"end":4501.11},{"text":"in","start":4501.11,"end":4501.27},{"text":"Palestinian","start":4501.27,"end":4501.99},{"text":"territory","start":4501.99,"end":4502.63},{"text":"and","start":4502.63,"end":4502.95},{"text":"Lebanon.","start":4502.95,"end":4503.51}]},{"text":"We stress the need to respect the rules of international humanitarian law, ensure the protection of civilians, and ensure the protection of persons and objects, and put an end to all violations that are contrary to its provisions and principles.","start":4504.39,"end":4516.39,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4504.39,"end":4504.51},{"text":"stress","start":4504.51,"end":4504.75},{"text":"the","start":4504.75,"end":4504.87},{"text":"need","start":4504.87,"end":4505.07},{"text":"to","start":4505.07,"end":4505.15},{"text":"respect","start":4505.15,"end":4505.55},{"text":"the","start":4505.55,"end":4505.63},{"text":"rules","start":4505.63,"end":4505.79},{"text":"of","start":4505.79,"end":4505.87},{"text":"international","start":4505.87,"end":4506.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4506.35,"end":4506.87},{"text":"law,","start":4506.87,"end":4507.27},{"text":"ensure","start":4507.43,"end":4507.75},{"text":"the","start":4507.75,"end":4507.87},{"text":"protection","start":4507.87,"end":4508.31},{"text":"of","start":4508.31,"end":4508.39},{"text":"civilians,","start":4508.39,"end":4509.03},{"text":"and","start":4509.19,"end":4509.43},{"text":"ensure","start":4509.43,"end":4509.75},{"text":"the","start":4509.75,"end":4509.83},{"text":"protection","start":4509.83,"end":4510.47},{"text":"of","start":4510.47,"end":4510.79},{"text":"persons","start":4511.19,"end":4511.75},{"text":"and","start":4511.75,"end":4511.99},{"text":"objects,","start":4511.99,"end":4512.55},{"text":"and","start":4513.27,"end":4513.51},{"text":"put","start":4513.51,"end":4513.71},{"text":"an","start":4513.71,"end":4513.83},{"text":"end","start":4513.83,"end":4513.95},{"text":"to","start":4513.95,"end":4514.03},{"text":"all","start":4514.03,"end":4514.15},{"text":"violations","start":4514.15,"end":4514.63},{"text":"that","start":4514.63,"end":4514.75},{"text":"are","start":4514.75,"end":4514.83},{"text":"contrary","start":4514.83,"end":4515.19},{"text":"to","start":4515.19,"end":4515.31},{"text":"its","start":4515.31,"end":4515.43},{"text":"provisions","start":4515.43,"end":4515.79},{"text":"and","start":4515.79,"end":4515.91},{"text":"principles.","start":4515.91,"end":4516.39}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":4516.39,"end":4517.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4516.39,"end":4516.59},{"text":"you,","start":4516.59,"end":4516.67},{"text":"Madam","start":4516.67,"end":4516.87},{"text":"Chair.","start":4516.87,"end":4517.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"DZA","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Algeria"}},{"statement_number":29,"start":4518.55,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:15:19","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Algeria for his statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of France.","start":4518.55,"end":4524.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4518.55,"end":4518.59},{"text":"thank","start":4518.59,"end":4518.87},{"text":"the","start":4518.87,"end":4518.95},{"text":"distinguished","start":4518.95,"end":4519.51},{"text":"representative","start":4519.51,"end":4520.31},{"text":"of","start":4520.31,"end":4520.39},{"text":"Algeria","start":4520.39,"end":4520.91},{"text":"for","start":4520.95,"end":4521.19},{"text":"his","start":4521.19,"end":4521.35},{"text":"statement,","start":4521.35,"end":4521.87},{"text":"and","start":4521.87,"end":4522.03},{"text":"I","start":4522.03,"end":4522.07},{"text":"give","start":4522.07,"end":4522.19},{"text":"the","start":4522.19,"end":4522.31},{"text":"floor","start":4522.31,"end":4522.55},{"text":"to","start":4522.55,"end":4522.67},{"text":"the","start":4522.67,"end":4522.75},{"text":"distinguished","start":4522.75,"end":4523.27},{"text":"representative","start":4523.27,"end":4524.07},{"text":"of","start":4524.07,"end":4524.15},{"text":"France.","start":4524.15,"end":4524.59}]},{"text":"Microphone for France, please.","start":4532.42,"end":4534.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Microphone","start":4532.42,"end":4533.06},{"text":"for","start":4533.06,"end":4533.18},{"text":"France,","start":4533.22,"end":4533.7},{"text":"please.","start":4533.7,"end":4534.1}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":30,"start":4537.59,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:15:38","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair. Madam Chair, my delegation would like to thank the Secretary-General for his report on the status of the Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions 1949.","start":4537.59,"end":4551.31,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4537.59,"end":4537.87},{"text":"you,","start":4537.87,"end":4537.95},{"text":"Madam","start":4537.95,"end":4538.43},{"text":"Chair.","start":4539.55,"end":4539.75},{"text":"Madam","start":4541.95,"end":4542.19},{"text":"Chair,","start":4542.19,"end":4542.43},{"text":"my","start":4542.51,"end":4542.75},{"text":"delegation","start":4542.75,"end":4543.19},{"text":"would","start":4543.19,"end":4543.31},{"text":"like","start":4543.31,"end":4543.47},{"text":"to","start":4543.47,"end":4543.71},{"text":"thank","start":4543.79,"end":4544.11},{"text":"the","start":4544.11,"end":4544.31},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":4544.35,"end":4545.31},{"text":"for","start":4545.63,"end":4545.83},{"text":"his","start":4545.83,"end":4546.03},{"text":"report","start":4546.03,"end":4546.83},{"text":"on","start":4546.83,"end":4547.07},{"text":"the","start":4547.07,"end":4547.19},{"text":"status","start":4547.19,"end":4547.95},{"text":"of","start":4547.95,"end":4548.19},{"text":"the","start":4548.19,"end":4548.31},{"text":"Protocols","start":4548.31,"end":4548.71},{"text":"Additional","start":4548.71,"end":4549.07},{"text":"to","start":4549.07,"end":4549.39},{"text":"the","start":4549.39,"end":4549.51},{"text":"Geneva","start":4549.51,"end":4549.79},{"text":"Conventions","start":4549.79,"end":4550.23},{"text":"1949.","start":4550.23,"end":4551.31}]},{"text":"Universal respect for the Geneva Conventions and the additional protocols thereto is vital if we are to safeguard humanity in war.","start":4552.35,"end":4566.55,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Universal","start":4552.35,"end":4552.99},{"text":"respect","start":4552.99,"end":4553.63},{"text":"for","start":4553.79,"end":4554.19},{"text":"the","start":4554.19,"end":4554.39},{"text":"Geneva","start":4554.39,"end":4554.79},{"text":"Conventions","start":4554.79,"end":4555.47},{"text":"and","start":4555.47,"end":4555.95},{"text":"the","start":4556.51,"end":4556.63},{"text":"additional","start":4556.83,"end":4557.19},{"text":"protocols","start":4557.19,"end":4557.95},{"text":"thereto","start":4557.95,"end":4558.59},{"text":"is","start":4559.47,"end":4559.71},{"text":"vital","start":4559.71,"end":4560.19},{"text":"if","start":4562.07,"end":4562.19},{"text":"we","start":4562.19,"end":4562.35},{"text":"are","start":4562.35,"end":4562.47},{"text":"to","start":4562.47,"end":4562.99},{"text":"safeguard","start":4564.43,"end":4564.91},{"text":"humanity","start":4564.91,"end":4565.63},{"text":"in","start":4566.07,"end":4566.27},{"text":"war.","start":4566.27,"end":4566.55}]},{"text":"However, France is compelled to regrettably note that the law emanating from these conventions is increasingly disregarded and often it is deliberately, cynically attacked by the parties to the armed conflicts, whether they be international or not, these conflicts.","start":4566.87,"end":4586.07,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":4566.87,"end":4567.35},{"text":"France","start":4568.71,"end":4569.27},{"text":"is","start":4569.27,"end":4569.75},{"text":"compelled","start":4569.75,"end":4570.23},{"text":"to","start":4570.23,"end":4570.31},{"text":"regrettably","start":4570.31,"end":4570.95},{"text":"note","start":4570.95,"end":4571.51},{"text":"that","start":4571.91,"end":4572.47},{"text":"the","start":4572.47,"end":4572.59},{"text":"law","start":4573.19,"end":4573.75},{"text":"emanating","start":4573.83,"end":4574.31},{"text":"from","start":4574.31,"end":4574.55},{"text":"these","start":4574.55,"end":4574.71},{"text":"conventions","start":4574.71,"end":4575.43},{"text":"is","start":4575.83,"end":4575.95},{"text":"increasingly","start":4575.95,"end":4576.55},{"text":"disregarded","start":4577.19,"end":4577.91},{"text":"and","start":4577.99,"end":4578.63},{"text":"often","start":4579.03,"end":4579.35},{"text":"it","start":4579.35,"end":4579.43},{"text":"is","start":4579.43,"end":4579.67},{"text":"deliberately,","start":4579.67,"end":4580.47},{"text":"cynically","start":4580.47,"end":4581.11},{"text":"attacked","start":4581.11,"end":4581.67},{"text":"by","start":4581.67,"end":4581.75},{"text":"the","start":4581.75,"end":4581.87},{"text":"parties","start":4581.87,"end":4582.31},{"text":"to","start":4582.31,"end":4582.55},{"text":"the","start":4582.55,"end":4582.67},{"text":"armed","start":4582.67,"end":4582.87},{"text":"conflicts,","start":4582.87,"end":4583.35},{"text":"whether","start":4583.35,"end":4583.59},{"text":"they","start":4583.59,"end":4583.67},{"text":"be","start":4583.67,"end":4583.83},{"text":"international","start":4583.83,"end":4584.63},{"text":"or","start":4584.79,"end":4584.95},{"text":"not,","start":4584.95,"end":4585.35},{"text":"these","start":4585.35,"end":4585.51},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4585.51,"end":4586.07}]},{"text":"What's more is, we are also compelled to note that these violations are increasingly committed by state actors, whereas previously The majority of them were committed by non-state actors who, albeit by definition they are not parties to the Geneva Conventions, are nonetheless duty-bound to uphold IHL.","start":4586.43,"end":4609.79,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"What's","start":4586.43,"end":4586.75},{"text":"more","start":4586.75,"end":4586.95},{"text":"is,","start":4586.95,"end":4587.19},{"text":"we","start":4588.23,"end":4588.39},{"text":"are","start":4588.39,"end":4588.47},{"text":"also","start":4588.47,"end":4588.79},{"text":"compelled","start":4588.79,"end":4589.23},{"text":"to","start":4589.27,"end":4589.47},{"text":"note","start":4589.47,"end":4589.91},{"text":"that","start":4589.91,"end":4590.15},{"text":"these","start":4590.15,"end":4590.55},{"text":"violations","start":4590.55,"end":4591.19},{"text":"are","start":4591.19,"end":4591.31},{"text":"increasingly","start":4591.31,"end":4591.95},{"text":"committed","start":4591.95,"end":4592.31},{"text":"by","start":4592.31,"end":4592.47},{"text":"state","start":4592.47,"end":4593.03},{"text":"actors,","start":4593.03,"end":4593.59},{"text":"whereas","start":4594.19,"end":4594.47},{"text":"previously","start":4594.47,"end":4595.35},{"text":"The","start":4596.27,"end":4596.43},{"text":"majority","start":4596.43,"end":4597.03},{"text":"of","start":4597.03,"end":4597.11},{"text":"them","start":4597.11,"end":4597.39},{"text":"were","start":4597.71,"end":4598.27},{"text":"committed","start":4598.75,"end":4599.07},{"text":"by","start":4599.07,"end":4599.31},{"text":"non-state","start":4599.31,"end":4600.03},{"text":"actors","start":4600.03,"end":4600.59},{"text":"who,","start":4600.75,"end":4601.23},{"text":"albeit","start":4601.75,"end":4602.11},{"text":"by","start":4602.11,"end":4602.35},{"text":"definition","start":4602.35,"end":4603.03},{"text":"they","start":4603.03,"end":4603.15},{"text":"are","start":4603.15,"end":4603.23},{"text":"not","start":4603.23,"end":4603.63},{"text":"parties","start":4603.63,"end":4604.55},{"text":"to","start":4604.55,"end":4604.63},{"text":"the","start":4604.67,"end":4604.75},{"text":"Geneva","start":4604.75,"end":4605.07},{"text":"Conventions,","start":4605.15,"end":4606.27},{"text":"are","start":4606.27,"end":4606.39},{"text":"nonetheless","start":4606.39,"end":4606.99},{"text":"duty-bound","start":4606.99,"end":4607.87},{"text":"to","start":4608.11,"end":4608.67},{"text":"uphold","start":4608.83,"end":4609.31},{"text":"IHL.","start":4609.31,"end":4609.79}]},{"text":"These violations deal a serious blow to the protection of civilians all over the world, including civilians who, after all, enjoy specific protections, such as children, women, as well as medical and humanitarian personnel.","start":4610.35,"end":4625.31,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":4610.35,"end":4610.59},{"text":"violations","start":4610.59,"end":4611.31},{"text":"deal","start":4611.55,"end":4611.83},{"text":"a","start":4611.83,"end":4611.87},{"text":"serious","start":4611.87,"end":4612.43},{"text":"blow","start":4612.67,"end":4613.23},{"text":"to","start":4614.03,"end":4614.15},{"text":"the","start":4614.15,"end":4614.23},{"text":"protection","start":4614.23,"end":4614.59},{"text":"of","start":4614.59,"end":4614.67},{"text":"civilians","start":4614.67,"end":4615.23},{"text":"all","start":4615.63,"end":4615.75},{"text":"over","start":4615.75,"end":4615.91},{"text":"the","start":4615.91,"end":4615.99},{"text":"world,","start":4615.99,"end":4616.43},{"text":"including","start":4616.75,"end":4617.63},{"text":"civilians","start":4617.71,"end":4618.23},{"text":"who,","start":4618.23,"end":4618.75},{"text":"after","start":4619.15,"end":4619.47},{"text":"all,","start":4619.47,"end":4619.63},{"text":"enjoy","start":4619.63,"end":4620.03},{"text":"specific","start":4620.03,"end":4620.47},{"text":"protections,","start":4620.47,"end":4621.23},{"text":"such","start":4621.55,"end":4621.79},{"text":"as","start":4621.79,"end":4621.95},{"text":"children,","start":4621.95,"end":4622.43},{"text":"women,","start":4622.43,"end":4622.99},{"text":"as","start":4623.31,"end":4623.51},{"text":"well","start":4623.51,"end":4623.63},{"text":"as","start":4623.63,"end":4623.79},{"text":"medical","start":4623.79,"end":4624.11},{"text":"and","start":4624.11,"end":4624.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4624.23,"end":4624.75},{"text":"personnel.","start":4624.75,"end":4625.31}]},{"text":"France would like to express its robust solidarity with civilians, as well as the persons coming to their aid.","start":4625.71,"end":4635.71,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"France","start":4625.71,"end":4626.11},{"text":"would","start":4626.11,"end":4626.23},{"text":"like","start":4626.23,"end":4626.39},{"text":"to","start":4626.39,"end":4626.47},{"text":"express","start":4626.47,"end":4627.07},{"text":"its","start":4627.07,"end":4627.47},{"text":"robust","start":4627.95,"end":4628.43},{"text":"solidarity","start":4628.43,"end":4629.07},{"text":"with","start":4629.07,"end":4629.23},{"text":"civilians,","start":4629.31,"end":4630.11},{"text":"as","start":4630.83,"end":4631.07},{"text":"well","start":4631.07,"end":4631.31},{"text":"as","start":4631.31,"end":4631.55},{"text":"the","start":4632.11,"end":4632.31},{"text":"persons","start":4633.55,"end":4634.03},{"text":"coming","start":4634.03,"end":4634.59},{"text":"to","start":4634.59,"end":4634.99},{"text":"their","start":4635.07,"end":4635.39},{"text":"aid.","start":4635.39,"end":4635.71}]},{"text":"We commend their bravery and their selflessness.","start":4635.71,"end":4639.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4635.71,"end":4635.95},{"text":"commend","start":4635.95,"end":4636.35},{"text":"their","start":4636.35,"end":4636.55},{"text":"bravery","start":4636.55,"end":4637.15},{"text":"and","start":4637.31,"end":4637.79},{"text":"their","start":4638.03,"end":4638.43},{"text":"selflessness.","start":4638.51,"end":4639.31}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, given this situation, France would like to call for action on three fronts.","start":4640.59,"end":4645.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4640.59,"end":4640.83},{"text":"Chair,","start":4640.83,"end":4641.07},{"text":"given","start":4641.55,"end":4641.75},{"text":"this","start":4641.75,"end":4641.91},{"text":"situation,","start":4641.91,"end":4642.51},{"text":"France","start":4642.51,"end":4642.83},{"text":"would","start":4642.83,"end":4642.99},{"text":"like","start":4642.99,"end":4643.15},{"text":"to","start":4643.15,"end":4643.27},{"text":"call","start":4643.27,"end":4643.55},{"text":"for","start":4643.55,"end":4643.71},{"text":"action","start":4643.71,"end":4644.11},{"text":"on","start":4644.11,"end":4644.35},{"text":"three","start":4644.35,"end":4644.67},{"text":"fronts.","start":4644.67,"end":4645.07}]},{"text":"First, and as mentioned by the distinguished representative of the European Union, we align ourselves with that statement, of course.","start":4645.23,"end":4653.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":4645.23,"end":4645.79},{"text":"and","start":4646.03,"end":4646.43},{"text":"as","start":4646.43,"end":4646.67},{"text":"mentioned","start":4646.67,"end":4647.07},{"text":"by","start":4647.07,"end":4647.35},{"text":"the","start":4647.35,"end":4647.43},{"text":"distinguished","start":4647.43,"end":4647.87},{"text":"representative","start":4648.67,"end":4649.47},{"text":"of","start":4649.55,"end":4649.87},{"text":"the","start":4649.87,"end":4649.99},{"text":"European","start":4650.11,"end":4650.59},{"text":"Union,","start":4650.59,"end":4650.91},{"text":"we","start":4650.91,"end":4651.07},{"text":"align","start":4651.07,"end":4651.39},{"text":"ourselves","start":4651.39,"end":4651.71},{"text":"with","start":4651.71,"end":4651.83},{"text":"that","start":4651.83,"end":4651.95},{"text":"statement,","start":4651.95,"end":4652.55},{"text":"of","start":4652.55,"end":4652.67},{"text":"course.","start":4652.67,"end":4653.07}]},{"text":"First of all, states must beef up their commitment to universal respect for international humanitarian law.","start":4653.95,"end":4661.15,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":4653.95,"end":4654.43},{"text":"of","start":4654.43,"end":4654.51},{"text":"all,","start":4654.51,"end":4654.75},{"text":"states","start":4654.91,"end":4655.39},{"text":"must","start":4655.39,"end":4655.71},{"text":"beef","start":4655.71,"end":4656.03},{"text":"up","start":4656.03,"end":4656.27},{"text":"their","start":4656.27,"end":4656.43},{"text":"commitment","start":4656.43,"end":4657.07},{"text":"to","start":4657.31,"end":4657.55},{"text":"universal","start":4657.55,"end":4658.31},{"text":"respect","start":4658.83,"end":4659.63},{"text":"for","start":4659.63,"end":4659.79},{"text":"international","start":4659.79,"end":4660.27},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4660.27,"end":4660.83},{"text":"law.","start":4660.83,"end":4661.15}]},{"text":"We call on states who have not yet done so to ratify the three additional protocols to the Geneva Conventions.","start":4662.43,"end":4667.47,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4662.43,"end":4662.59},{"text":"call","start":4662.59,"end":4662.83},{"text":"on","start":4662.83,"end":4662.91},{"text":"states","start":4662.91,"end":4663.11},{"text":"who","start":4663.11,"end":4663.19},{"text":"have","start":4663.19,"end":4663.31},{"text":"not","start":4663.31,"end":4663.47},{"text":"yet","start":4663.47,"end":4663.67},{"text":"done","start":4663.67,"end":4663.87},{"text":"so","start":4663.87,"end":4664.19},{"text":"to","start":4664.19,"end":4664.59},{"text":"ratify","start":4664.75,"end":4665.23},{"text":"the","start":4665.23,"end":4665.31},{"text":"three","start":4665.31,"end":4665.51},{"text":"additional","start":4665.51,"end":4665.83},{"text":"protocols","start":4665.83,"end":4666.19},{"text":"to","start":4666.19,"end":4666.35},{"text":"the","start":4666.35,"end":4666.47},{"text":"Geneva","start":4666.47,"end":4666.75},{"text":"Conventions.","start":4666.75,"end":4667.47}]},{"text":"They are supposed to be universal.","start":4669.31,"end":4671.63,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":4669.31,"end":4669.63},{"text":"are","start":4669.63,"end":4669.87},{"text":"supposed","start":4669.87,"end":4670.47},{"text":"to","start":4670.47,"end":4670.63},{"text":"be","start":4670.63,"end":4670.91},{"text":"universal.","start":4671.07,"end":4671.63}]},{"text":"The Security Council should also continue to play its role in enforcing IHL.","start":4672.19,"end":4679.71,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4672.19,"end":4672.27},{"text":"Security","start":4672.27,"end":4672.67},{"text":"Council","start":4672.67,"end":4673.07},{"text":"should","start":4673.79,"end":4674.11},{"text":"also","start":4674.11,"end":4674.83},{"text":"continue","start":4674.91,"end":4675.71},{"text":"to","start":4675.87,"end":4676.11},{"text":"play","start":4676.11,"end":4676.43},{"text":"its","start":4676.43,"end":4676.59},{"text":"role","start":4676.59,"end":4677.07},{"text":"in","start":4677.55,"end":4678.11},{"text":"enforcing","start":4678.11,"end":4678.75},{"text":"IHL.","start":4678.99,"end":4679.71}]},{"text":"especially when it comes to the protection of medical personnel, humanitarian personnel, children and journalists.","start":4680.43,"end":4686.43,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"especially","start":4680.43,"end":4681.15},{"text":"when","start":4681.15,"end":4681.31},{"text":"it","start":4681.31,"end":4681.39},{"text":"comes","start":4681.39,"end":4681.55},{"text":"to","start":4681.55,"end":4681.63},{"text":"the","start":4681.63,"end":4681.71},{"text":"protection","start":4681.71,"end":4682.15},{"text":"of","start":4682.15,"end":4682.27},{"text":"medical","start":4682.27,"end":4682.67},{"text":"personnel,","start":4682.67,"end":4683.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4683.35,"end":4684.03},{"text":"personnel,","start":4684.03,"end":4684.59},{"text":"children","start":4684.83,"end":4685.47},{"text":"and","start":4685.47,"end":4685.75},{"text":"journalists.","start":4685.75,"end":4686.43}]},{"text":"In light of the number and the gravity of violations of IHL, France is of the view that respect for IHL is in and of itself a matter of international peace and security.","start":4688.03,"end":4700.35,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4688.03,"end":4688.19},{"text":"light","start":4688.19,"end":4688.59},{"text":"of","start":4688.59,"end":4688.75},{"text":"the","start":4688.75,"end":4688.87},{"text":"number","start":4688.91,"end":4689.71},{"text":"and","start":4690.11,"end":4690.51},{"text":"the","start":4690.51,"end":4690.59},{"text":"gravity","start":4690.59,"end":4691.39},{"text":"of","start":4691.39,"end":4691.63},{"text":"violations","start":4691.71,"end":4692.51},{"text":"of","start":4692.51,"end":4692.59},{"text":"IHL,","start":4692.59,"end":4693.15},{"text":"France","start":4693.63,"end":4693.95},{"text":"is","start":4693.95,"end":4694.07},{"text":"of","start":4694.07,"end":4694.15},{"text":"the","start":4694.15,"end":4694.27},{"text":"view","start":4694.27,"end":4694.67},{"text":"that","start":4694.67,"end":4694.87},{"text":"respect","start":4694.87,"end":4695.87},{"text":"for","start":4696.51,"end":4696.75},{"text":"IHL","start":4696.75,"end":4697.39},{"text":"is","start":4697.47,"end":4697.87},{"text":"in","start":4697.87,"end":4698.03},{"text":"and","start":4698.03,"end":4698.15},{"text":"of","start":4698.15,"end":4698.23},{"text":"itself","start":4698.23,"end":4698.59},{"text":"a","start":4698.59,"end":4698.67},{"text":"matter","start":4698.67,"end":4698.95},{"text":"of","start":4698.95,"end":4699.03},{"text":"international","start":4699.03,"end":4699.51},{"text":"peace","start":4699.51,"end":4699.67},{"text":"and","start":4699.67,"end":4699.79},{"text":"security.","start":4699.79,"end":4700.35}]},{"text":"We are therefore following closely to ensure that Security Council decisions are always in keeping with the highest possible IHL standards.","start":4700.51,"end":4709.55,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4700.51,"end":4700.83},{"text":"are","start":4700.83,"end":4700.91},{"text":"therefore","start":4700.91,"end":4701.31},{"text":"following","start":4701.31,"end":4701.71},{"text":"closely","start":4701.79,"end":4702.35},{"text":"to","start":4702.35,"end":4702.47},{"text":"ensure","start":4702.47,"end":4702.91},{"text":"that","start":4702.91,"end":4703.03},{"text":"Security","start":4703.03,"end":4703.39},{"text":"Council","start":4703.39,"end":4703.79},{"text":"decisions","start":4704.11,"end":4704.83},{"text":"are","start":4705.15,"end":4705.27},{"text":"always","start":4705.47,"end":4705.87},{"text":"in","start":4705.87,"end":4705.95},{"text":"keeping","start":4705.95,"end":4706.35},{"text":"with","start":4706.39,"end":4706.55},{"text":"the","start":4706.55,"end":4706.67},{"text":"highest","start":4706.67,"end":4707.31},{"text":"possible","start":4708.11,"end":4708.67},{"text":"IHL","start":4708.67,"end":4708.99},{"text":"standards.","start":4708.99,"end":4709.55}]},{"text":"Second, Madam Chair, it's important for IHL to respond to contemporary challenges related to armed conflict.","start":4709.91,"end":4719.19,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":4709.91,"end":4710.55},{"text":"Madam","start":4711.03,"end":4711.43},{"text":"Chair,","start":4711.43,"end":4711.59},{"text":"it's","start":4711.59,"end":4711.83},{"text":"important","start":4712.15,"end":4713.03},{"text":"for","start":4713.03,"end":4713.51},{"text":"IHL","start":4714.39,"end":4715.11},{"text":"to","start":4715.51,"end":4715.71},{"text":"respond","start":4716.07,"end":4716.75},{"text":"to","start":4716.75,"end":4716.95},{"text":"contemporary","start":4716.95,"end":4717.51},{"text":"challenges","start":4717.51,"end":4718.07},{"text":"related","start":4718.07,"end":4718.39},{"text":"to","start":4718.39,"end":4718.47},{"text":"armed","start":4718.47,"end":4718.63},{"text":"conflict.","start":4718.63,"end":4719.19}]},{"text":"Factoring in evolving methods of warfare and technological developments, especially drones and AI, is necessary.","start":4720.55,"end":4728.15,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Factoring","start":4720.55,"end":4721.11},{"text":"in","start":4721.11,"end":4721.75},{"text":"evolving","start":4721.99,"end":4722.79},{"text":"methods","start":4722.79,"end":4723.15},{"text":"of","start":4723.15,"end":4723.27},{"text":"warfare","start":4723.27,"end":4723.67},{"text":"and","start":4723.67,"end":4724.19},{"text":"technological","start":4724.19,"end":4724.79},{"text":"developments,","start":4724.79,"end":4725.51},{"text":"especially","start":4725.51,"end":4725.91},{"text":"drones","start":4725.91,"end":4726.39},{"text":"and","start":4726.39,"end":4726.63},{"text":"AI,","start":4726.63,"end":4727.19},{"text":"is","start":4727.35,"end":4727.59},{"text":"necessary.","start":4727.59,"end":4728.15}]},{"text":"It is with this in mind, and also factoring in the need to strengthen states' political commitment to IHL, that France, Jordan, Brazil, Kazakhstan, South Africa, and China launched, working hand in hand with the ICRC, a global initiative to galvanize political commitment to IHL.","start":4728.71,"end":4748.15,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4728.71,"end":4728.83},{"text":"is","start":4728.83,"end":4728.95},{"text":"with","start":4728.95,"end":4729.07},{"text":"this","start":4729.07,"end":4729.23},{"text":"in","start":4729.23,"end":4729.35},{"text":"mind,","start":4729.35,"end":4729.83},{"text":"and","start":4729.91,"end":4730.31},{"text":"also","start":4730.31,"end":4730.63},{"text":"factoring","start":4730.63,"end":4731.03},{"text":"in","start":4731.03,"end":4731.19},{"text":"the","start":4731.19,"end":4731.27},{"text":"need","start":4731.27,"end":4731.67},{"text":"to","start":4731.67,"end":4731.91},{"text":"strengthen","start":4731.91,"end":4732.47},{"text":"states'","start":4732.79,"end":4733.19},{"text":"political","start":4733.19,"end":4733.55},{"text":"commitment","start":4733.55,"end":4734.19},{"text":"to","start":4734.19,"end":4734.31},{"text":"IHL,","start":4734.31,"end":4735.03},{"text":"that","start":4735.27,"end":4735.43},{"text":"France,","start":4735.43,"end":4735.75},{"text":"Jordan,","start":4735.75,"end":4736.11},{"text":"Brazil,","start":4736.11,"end":4736.47},{"text":"Kazakhstan,","start":4736.47,"end":4737.11},{"text":"South","start":4737.11,"end":4737.43},{"text":"Africa,","start":4737.43,"end":4737.79},{"text":"and","start":4737.79,"end":4738.15},{"text":"China","start":4738.15,"end":4738.79},{"text":"launched,","start":4739.67,"end":4740.31},{"text":"working","start":4740.87,"end":4741.19},{"text":"hand","start":4741.19,"end":4741.39},{"text":"in","start":4741.39,"end":4741.47},{"text":"hand","start":4741.47,"end":4741.67},{"text":"with","start":4741.67,"end":4741.79},{"text":"the","start":4741.79,"end":4741.87},{"text":"ICRC,","start":4741.87,"end":4742.87},{"text":"a","start":4743.35,"end":4743.39},{"text":"global","start":4743.39,"end":4743.83},{"text":"initiative","start":4743.83,"end":4744.63},{"text":"to","start":4745.27,"end":4745.59},{"text":"galvanize","start":4745.59,"end":4746.15},{"text":"political","start":4746.47,"end":4746.83},{"text":"commitment","start":4746.83,"end":4747.39},{"text":"to","start":4747.39,"end":4747.59},{"text":"IHL.","start":4747.59,"end":4748.15}]},{"text":"We encourage all states to join the initiative, which has already garnered the support of 122 states.","start":4748.87,"end":4756.63,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4748.87,"end":4749.23},{"text":"encourage","start":4749.23,"end":4749.59},{"text":"all","start":4749.67,"end":4749.91},{"text":"states","start":4749.91,"end":4750.47},{"text":"to","start":4750.71,"end":4750.95},{"text":"join","start":4751.43,"end":4751.75},{"text":"the","start":4751.75,"end":4751.87},{"text":"initiative,","start":4751.87,"end":4752.47},{"text":"which","start":4753.03,"end":4753.23},{"text":"has","start":4753.23,"end":4753.35},{"text":"already","start":4753.35,"end":4753.59},{"text":"garnered","start":4753.59,"end":4753.95},{"text":"the","start":4753.95,"end":4754.03},{"text":"support","start":4754.03,"end":4754.47},{"text":"of","start":4754.47,"end":4754.71},{"text":"122","start":4754.71,"end":4756.07},{"text":"states.","start":4756.07,"end":4756.63}]},{"text":"We urge states to participate at the highest level in the international conference on the initiative, which will be held in Amman on the 7th of December this year.","start":4757.03,"end":4766.23,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4757.03,"end":4757.27},{"text":"urge","start":4757.27,"end":4757.43},{"text":"states","start":4757.43,"end":4757.79},{"text":"to","start":4757.79,"end":4757.87},{"text":"participate","start":4757.87,"end":4758.39},{"text":"at","start":4758.39,"end":4758.59},{"text":"the","start":4758.59,"end":4758.71},{"text":"highest","start":4758.71,"end":4759.11},{"text":"level","start":4759.11,"end":4759.43},{"text":"in","start":4760.23,"end":4760.47},{"text":"the","start":4760.47,"end":4760.55},{"text":"international","start":4760.55,"end":4761.03},{"text":"conference","start":4761.03,"end":4761.67},{"text":"on","start":4761.99,"end":4762.15},{"text":"the","start":4762.15,"end":4762.27},{"text":"initiative,","start":4762.27,"end":4762.79},{"text":"which","start":4762.87,"end":4763.11},{"text":"will","start":4763.11,"end":4763.23},{"text":"be","start":4763.23,"end":4763.31},{"text":"held","start":4763.31,"end":4763.75},{"text":"in","start":4763.75,"end":4763.99},{"text":"Amman","start":4763.99,"end":4764.31},{"text":"on","start":4764.31,"end":4764.47},{"text":"the","start":4764.47,"end":4764.55},{"text":"7th","start":4764.55,"end":4764.83},{"text":"of","start":4764.83,"end":4764.95},{"text":"December","start":4764.95,"end":4765.55},{"text":"this","start":4765.67,"end":4765.91},{"text":"year.","start":4765.91,"end":4766.23}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, third, a word about responsibility.","start":4767.19,"end":4771.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4767.19,"end":4767.43},{"text":"Chair,","start":4767.43,"end":4767.75},{"text":"third,","start":4768.31,"end":4768.79},{"text":"a","start":4769.27,"end":4769.35},{"text":"word","start":4769.35,"end":4769.75},{"text":"about","start":4769.83,"end":4770.23},{"text":"responsibility.","start":4770.31,"end":4771.27}]},{"text":"Responsibility is a serious challenge for the defense of international humanitarian law.","start":4772.87,"end":4778.95,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Responsibility","start":4772.87,"end":4773.67},{"text":"is","start":4773.67,"end":4773.91},{"text":"a","start":4773.91,"end":4773.99},{"text":"serious","start":4773.99,"end":4774.63},{"text":"challenge","start":4774.71,"end":4775.35},{"text":"for","start":4775.99,"end":4776.55},{"text":"the","start":4776.71,"end":4776.83},{"text":"defense","start":4776.95,"end":4777.31},{"text":"of","start":4777.31,"end":4777.39},{"text":"international","start":4777.39,"end":4778.07},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4778.07,"end":4778.63},{"text":"law.","start":4778.63,"end":4778.95}]},{"text":"On this note, France supports all mechanisms which would allow for us to ensure criminal responsibility for the perpetrators of IHL.","start":4779.43,"end":4789.59,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":4779.43,"end":4779.59},{"text":"this","start":4779.59,"end":4779.75},{"text":"note,","start":4779.75,"end":4779.99},{"text":"France","start":4779.99,"end":4780.27},{"text":"supports","start":4780.27,"end":4780.71},{"text":"all","start":4780.79,"end":4780.95},{"text":"mechanisms","start":4780.95,"end":4781.67},{"text":"which","start":4781.95,"end":4782.39},{"text":"would","start":4782.55,"end":4782.71},{"text":"allow","start":4782.71,"end":4783.19},{"text":"for","start":4783.27,"end":4783.51},{"text":"us","start":4783.51,"end":4783.75},{"text":"to","start":4783.75,"end":4783.91},{"text":"ensure","start":4783.91,"end":4784.23},{"text":"criminal","start":4784.23,"end":4784.95},{"text":"responsibility","start":4785.11,"end":4786.15},{"text":"for","start":4786.79,"end":4787.15},{"text":"the","start":4787.27,"end":4787.47},{"text":"perpetrators","start":4787.83,"end":4788.63},{"text":"of","start":4788.63,"end":4788.87},{"text":"IHL.","start":4788.87,"end":4789.59}]},{"text":"First and foremost, we call on states to themselves search for, prosecute, convict, or extradite the alleged perpetrators of serious violations of IHL, as they are duty-bound to do so.","start":4792.39,"end":4805.03,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":4792.39,"end":4792.59},{"text":"and","start":4792.59,"end":4792.71},{"text":"foremost,","start":4792.71,"end":4793.19},{"text":"we","start":4793.19,"end":4793.35},{"text":"call","start":4793.35,"end":4793.63},{"text":"on","start":4793.63,"end":4793.75},{"text":"states","start":4793.75,"end":4794.47},{"text":"to","start":4794.55,"end":4794.75},{"text":"themselves","start":4794.75,"end":4795.43},{"text":"search","start":4795.43,"end":4795.91},{"text":"for,","start":4795.91,"end":4796.31},{"text":"prosecute,","start":4796.79,"end":4797.51},{"text":"convict,","start":4797.67,"end":4798.31},{"text":"or","start":4798.31,"end":4798.51},{"text":"extradite","start":4798.51,"end":4799.27},{"text":"the","start":4799.51,"end":4799.71},{"text":"alleged","start":4799.83,"end":4800.27},{"text":"perpetrators","start":4800.27,"end":4801.03},{"text":"of","start":4801.03,"end":4801.43},{"text":"serious","start":4801.99,"end":4802.27},{"text":"violations","start":4802.27,"end":4802.87},{"text":"of","start":4802.87,"end":4802.95},{"text":"IHL,","start":4802.95,"end":4803.67},{"text":"as","start":4803.67,"end":4803.83},{"text":"they","start":4803.83,"end":4803.95},{"text":"are","start":4803.95,"end":4804.03},{"text":"duty-bound","start":4804.03,"end":4804.43},{"text":"to","start":4804.43,"end":4804.51},{"text":"do","start":4804.51,"end":4804.71},{"text":"so.","start":4804.71,"end":4805.03}]},{"text":"We also reaffirm our commitment to the principle of universal jurisdiction, which allows for a state, under certain conditions, to prosecute those responsible for the most serious international crimes.","start":4805.19,"end":4816.39,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4805.19,"end":4805.51},{"text":"also","start":4805.51,"end":4806.15},{"text":"reaffirm","start":4806.15,"end":4806.71},{"text":"our","start":4806.71,"end":4806.79},{"text":"commitment","start":4806.79,"end":4807.35},{"text":"to","start":4807.35,"end":4807.43},{"text":"the","start":4807.43,"end":4807.51},{"text":"principle","start":4807.51,"end":4807.87},{"text":"of","start":4807.87,"end":4807.95},{"text":"universal","start":4807.95,"end":4808.35},{"text":"jurisdiction,","start":4808.35,"end":4809.03},{"text":"which","start":4809.11,"end":4809.39},{"text":"allows","start":4809.39,"end":4809.83},{"text":"for","start":4809.83,"end":4810.03},{"text":"a","start":4810.03,"end":4810.07},{"text":"state,","start":4810.07,"end":4810.47},{"text":"under","start":4810.47,"end":4810.71},{"text":"certain","start":4810.71,"end":4811.11},{"text":"conditions,","start":4811.11,"end":4811.67},{"text":"to","start":4811.91,"end":4812.07},{"text":"prosecute","start":4812.95,"end":4813.59},{"text":"those","start":4813.59,"end":4813.83},{"text":"responsible","start":4813.83,"end":4814.39},{"text":"for","start":4814.39,"end":4814.79},{"text":"the","start":4814.79,"end":4814.91},{"text":"most","start":4814.91,"end":4815.19},{"text":"serious","start":4815.19,"end":4815.43},{"text":"international","start":4815.43,"end":4815.91},{"text":"crimes.","start":4815.91,"end":4816.39}]},{"text":"Thus, in accordance with this jurisdiction, in France, our justice system can indeed prosecute those responsible for war crimes.","start":4816.79,"end":4825.19,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Thus,","start":4816.79,"end":4817.11},{"text":"in","start":4817.11,"end":4817.23},{"text":"accordance","start":4817.23,"end":4817.67},{"text":"with","start":4817.67,"end":4817.87},{"text":"this","start":4817.87,"end":4818.03},{"text":"jurisdiction,","start":4818.03,"end":4818.79},{"text":"in","start":4819.35,"end":4819.51},{"text":"France,","start":4819.51,"end":4820.15},{"text":"our","start":4820.71,"end":4820.79},{"text":"justice","start":4820.79,"end":4821.27},{"text":"system","start":4821.27,"end":4821.67},{"text":"can","start":4821.99,"end":4822.39},{"text":"indeed","start":4822.39,"end":4822.79},{"text":"prosecute","start":4822.79,"end":4823.31},{"text":"those","start":4823.31,"end":4823.51},{"text":"responsible","start":4823.51,"end":4823.99},{"text":"for","start":4823.99,"end":4824.31},{"text":"war","start":4824.31,"end":4824.59},{"text":"crimes.","start":4824.59,"end":4825.19}]},{"text":"We encourage States who are willing and able to do so to make use of this jurisdiction as much as possible.","start":4825.79,"end":4834.43,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4825.79,"end":4825.83},{"text":"encourage","start":4825.83,"end":4826.35},{"text":"States","start":4826.35,"end":4827.07},{"text":"who","start":4827.07,"end":4827.31},{"text":"are","start":4827.31,"end":4827.39},{"text":"willing","start":4827.39,"end":4827.87},{"text":"and","start":4827.87,"end":4828.03},{"text":"able","start":4828.03,"end":4828.23},{"text":"to","start":4828.23,"end":4828.31},{"text":"do","start":4828.31,"end":4828.51},{"text":"so","start":4828.51,"end":4828.75},{"text":"to","start":4828.75,"end":4828.99},{"text":"make","start":4828.99,"end":4829.39},{"text":"use","start":4830.19,"end":4830.67},{"text":"of","start":4830.67,"end":4830.99},{"text":"this","start":4831.07,"end":4831.39},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4831.39,"end":4832.19},{"text":"as","start":4833.47,"end":4833.59},{"text":"much","start":4833.59,"end":4833.75},{"text":"as","start":4833.75,"end":4833.87},{"text":"possible.","start":4833.87,"end":4834.43}]},{"text":"Last but not least, France reiterates its unwavering support to the International Criminal Court, which is also a major instrument that can be wielded in the fight against impunity and in ensuring respect for international humanitarian law.","start":4834.59,"end":4846.99,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating 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thank you.","start":4846.99,"end":4847.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4846.99,"end":4847.07},{"text":"thank","start":4847.07,"end":4847.23},{"text":"you.","start":4847.23,"end":4847.39}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"FRA","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"France"}},{"statement_number":31,"start":4848.27,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:20:49","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of France for his statement.","start":4848.27,"end":4851.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4848.27,"end":4848.31},{"text":"thank","start":4848.31,"end":4848.51},{"text":"the","start":4848.51,"end":4848.59},{"text":"distinguished","start":4848.59,"end":4849.15},{"text":"representative","start":4849.15,"end":4849.87},{"text":"of","start":4849.87,"end":4849.95},{"text":"France","start":4849.95,"end":4850.51},{"text":"for","start":4850.51,"end":4850.75},{"text":"his","start":4850.75,"end":4850.91},{"text":"statement.","start":4850.91,"end":4851.63}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Slovakia.","start":4851.63,"end":4854.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4851.63,"end":4851.71},{"text":"give","start":4851.71,"end":4851.87},{"text":"the","start":4851.87,"end":4852.03},{"text":"floor","start":4852.03,"end":4852.35},{"text":"to","start":4852.35,"end":4852.51},{"text":"the","start":4852.51,"end":4852.59},{"text":"distinguished","start":4852.59,"end":4853.15},{"text":"representative","start":4853.15,"end":4853.87},{"text":"of","start":4853.87,"end":4854.03},{"text":"Slovakia.","start":4854.03,"end":4854.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":4859.87,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:21:00","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":4859.87,"end":4860.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4859.87,"end":4860.15},{"text":"you,","start":4860.15,"end":4860.23},{"text":"Madam","start":4860.23,"end":4860.59},{"text":"Chair.","start":4860.59,"end":4860.91}]},{"text":"Slovakia aligns with the statement delivered on behalf of the European Union and its member states.","start":4861.79,"end":4867.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":4861.79,"end":4862.43},{"text":"aligns","start":4862.43,"end":4862.91},{"text":"with","start":4862.91,"end":4863.07},{"text":"the","start":4863.07,"end":4863.15},{"text":"statement","start":4863.15,"end":4863.83},{"text":"delivered","start":4863.83,"end":4864.35},{"text":"on","start":4864.35,"end":4864.51},{"text":"behalf","start":4864.51,"end":4864.79},{"text":"of","start":4864.79,"end":4865.07},{"text":"the","start":4865.07,"end":4865.15},{"text":"European","start":4865.15,"end":4865.63},{"text":"Union","start":4865.63,"end":4866.27},{"text":"and","start":4866.27,"end":4866.55},{"text":"its","start":4866.55,"end":4866.67},{"text":"member","start":4866.67,"end":4866.99},{"text":"states.","start":4866.99,"end":4867.63}]},{"text":"Allow me to add a few remarks in my national 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Cross.","start":4872.03,"end":4885.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":4872.03,"end":4872.23},{"text":"the","start":4872.23,"end":4872.31},{"text":"outset,","start":4872.31,"end":4872.83},{"text":"we","start":4872.83,"end":4873.07},{"text":"thank","start":4873.07,"end":4873.47},{"text":"the","start":4873.47,"end":4873.63},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":4873.63,"end":4874.75},{"text":"for","start":4874.75,"end":4875.07},{"text":"his","start":4875.07,"end":4875.23},{"text":"latest","start":4875.23,"end":4875.63},{"text":"report","start":4875.63,"end":4876.03},{"text":"on","start":4876.03,"end":4876.15},{"text":"the","start":4876.15,"end":4876.27},{"text":"topic","start":4876.27,"end":4876.91},{"text":"based","start":4876.99,"end":4877.39},{"text":"on","start":4877.39,"end":4877.47},{"text":"the","start":4877.47,"end":4877.55},{"text":"information","start":4877.55,"end":4878.27},{"text":"received","start":4878.27,"end":4878.91},{"text":"from","start":4878.91,"end":4879.31},{"text":"27","start":4879.31,"end":4880.03},{"text":"member","start":4880.03,"end":4880.35},{"text":"states,","start":4880.35,"end":4880.91},{"text":"including","start":4880.91,"end":4881.43},{"text":"Slovakia,","start":4881.43,"end":4882.11},{"text":"and","start":4882.71,"end":4882.91},{"text":"the","start":4882.91,"end":4882.99},{"text":"International","start":4882.99,"end":4883.75},{"text":"Committee","start":4883.75,"end":4884.19},{"text":"of","start":4884.19,"end":4884.31},{"text":"the","start":4884.31,"end":4884.39},{"text":"Red","start":4884.39,"end":4884.63},{"text":"Cross.","start":4884.63,"end":4885.11}]},{"text":"At a time when armed conflicts continue to cause immense human suffering across the world, the importance of international humanitarian law cannot be 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Ukraine to the Middle East, Sudan, and other conflict-affected regions, we are witnessing devastating consequences of hostilities for civilian populations, widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure, and a deeply troubling disregard for the fundamental rules of international humanitarian law.","start":4897.91,"end":4918.31,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":4897.91,"end":4898.15},{"text":"Ukraine","start":4898.15,"end":4898.71},{"text":"to","start":4898.71,"end":4898.87},{"text":"the","start":4898.87,"end":4898.95},{"text":"Middle","start":4898.95,"end":4899.27},{"text":"East,","start":4899.27,"end":4899.75},{"text":"Sudan,","start":4899.75,"end":4900.55},{"text":"and","start":4900.63,"end":4900.87},{"text":"other","start":4900.87,"end":4901.19},{"text":"conflict-affected","start":4901.19,"end":4902.15},{"text":"regions,","start":4902.15,"end":4902.79},{"text":"we","start":4903.35,"end":4903.47},{"text":"are","start":4903.47,"end":4903.67},{"text":"witnessing","start":4903.67,"end":4904.47},{"text":"devastating","start":4904.47,"end":4905.27},{"text":"consequences","start":4905.27,"end":4906.19},{"text":"of","start":4906.19,"end":4906.31},{"text":"hostilities","start":4906.31,"end":4907.11},{"text":"for","start":4907.11,"end":4907.35},{"text":"civilian","start":4907.35,"end":4907.83},{"text":"populations,","start":4907.83,"end":4908.87},{"text":"widespread","start":4909.31,"end":4909.99},{"text":"destruction","start":4909.99,"end":4910.75},{"text":"of","start":4910.75,"end":4910.87},{"text":"civilian","start":4910.87,"end":4911.39},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":4911.39,"end":4912.43},{"text":"and","start":4912.99,"end":4913.19},{"text":"a","start":4913.19,"end":4913.23},{"text":"deeply","start":4913.23,"end":4913.71},{"text":"troubling","start":4913.71,"end":4914.19},{"text":"disregard","start":4914.19,"end":4914.91},{"text":"for","start":4914.91,"end":4915.07},{"text":"the","start":4915.07,"end":4915.15},{"text":"fundamental","start":4915.15,"end":4915.87},{"text":"rules","start":4915.87,"end":4916.27},{"text":"of","start":4916.27,"end":4916.39},{"text":"international","start":4916.39,"end":4917.07},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4917.07,"end":4917.95},{"text":"law.","start":4917.95,"end":4918.31}]},{"text":"The Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their additional protocols remain the cornerstone of the international legal framework for the protection of victims of armed conflicts.","start":4919.23,"end":4930.47,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4919.23,"end":4919.47},{"text":"Geneva","start":4919.47,"end":4919.83},{"text":"Conventions","start":4919.83,"end":4920.59},{"text":"of","start":4920.59,"end":4920.75},{"text":"1949","start":4920.75,"end":4922.03},{"text":"and","start":4922.03,"end":4922.23},{"text":"their","start":4922.23,"end":4922.39},{"text":"additional","start":4922.39,"end":4922.83},{"text":"protocols","start":4922.83,"end":4923.79},{"text":"remain","start":4924.11,"end":4924.47},{"text":"the","start":4924.47,"end":4924.55},{"text":"cornerstone","start":4924.55,"end":4925.47},{"text":"of","start":4925.51,"end":4925.63},{"text":"the","start":4925.63,"end":4925.71},{"text":"international","start":4925.71,"end":4926.39},{"text":"legal","start":4926.39,"end":4926.75},{"text":"framework","start":4926.75,"end":4927.55},{"text":"for","start":4927.63,"end":4927.87},{"text":"the","start":4927.87,"end":4927.95},{"text":"protection","start":4927.95,"end":4928.47},{"text":"of","start":4928.47,"end":4928.59},{"text":"victims","start":4928.63,"end":4929.31},{"text":"of","start":4929.31,"end":4929.55},{"text":"armed","start":4929.55,"end":4929.83},{"text":"conflicts.","start":4929.83,"end":4930.47}]},{"text":"Their fundamental principles, including distinction, proportionality, and precaution, remain essential safeguards of humanity in times of war.","start":4931.95,"end":4942.67,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":4931.95,"end":4932.19},{"text":"fundamental","start":4932.19,"end":4932.83},{"text":"principles,","start":4932.83,"end":4933.87},{"text":"including","start":4933.95,"end":4934.67},{"text":"distinction,","start":4934.75,"end":4935.63},{"text":"proportionality,","start":4935.79,"end":4937.07},{"text":"and","start":4937.07,"end":4937.31},{"text":"precaution,","start":4937.31,"end":4938.27},{"text":"remain","start":4938.75,"end":4939.23},{"text":"essential","start":4939.23,"end":4939.79},{"text":"safeguards","start":4939.79,"end":4940.63},{"text":"of","start":4940.63,"end":4940.75},{"text":"humanity","start":4940.75,"end":4941.55},{"text":"in","start":4941.55,"end":4941.71},{"text":"times","start":4941.71,"end":4942.11},{"text":"of","start":4942.11,"end":4942.19},{"text":"war.","start":4942.19,"end":4942.67}]},{"text":"In this context, we also recognize the important contribution of the International Court of Justice, including through its recent advisory opinions, to the clarification of obligations under international law, including international humanitarian 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firmly believes that respect for international humanitarian law is not a matter of political choice, but a binding legal obligation applicable to all parties to armed conflicts in all circumstances.","start":4963.95,"end":4978.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":4963.95,"end":4964.43},{"text":"firmly","start":4964.43,"end":4964.83},{"text":"believes","start":4964.83,"end":4965.47},{"text":"that","start":4965.47,"end":4965.71},{"text":"respect","start":4965.71,"end":4966.27},{"text":"for","start":4966.27,"end":4966.43},{"text":"international","start":4966.43,"end":4967.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4967.15,"end":4967.95},{"text":"law","start":4967.95,"end":4968.31},{"text":"is","start":4968.67,"end":4968.83},{"text":"not","start":4968.83,"end":4969.07},{"text":"a","start":4969.07,"end":4969.11},{"text":"matter","start":4969.11,"end":4969.47},{"text":"of","start":4969.47,"end":4969.55},{"text":"political","start":4969.55,"end":4970.11},{"text":"choice,","start":4970.11,"end":4970.75},{"text":"but","start":4971.23,"end":4971.39},{"text":"a","start":4971.39,"end":4971.47},{"text":"binding","start":4971.47,"end":4972.03},{"text":"legal","start":4972.03,"end":4972.55},{"text":"obligation","start":4972.55,"end":4973.39},{"text":"applicable","start":4973.39,"end":4973.95},{"text":"to","start":4973.95,"end":4974.23},{"text":"all","start":4974.23,"end":4974.43},{"text":"parties","start":4974.43,"end":4974.91},{"text":"to","start":4974.91,"end":4975.07},{"text":"armed","start":4975.07,"end":4975.31},{"text":"conflicts","start":4975.31,"end":4976.03},{"text":"in","start":4976.35,"end":4976.59},{"text":"all","start":4976.59,"end":4976.83},{"text":"circumstances.","start":4976.83,"end":4978.11}]},{"text":"We therefore call on all parties to armed conflicts to fully respect their obligation under international humanitarian law, particularly regarding the protection of civilians, medical and humanitarian personnel, civilian infrastructure, and persons hors de combat.","start":4979.07,"end":4998.79,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4979.07,"end":4979.23},{"text":"therefore","start":4979.23,"end":4979.63},{"text":"call","start":4979.63,"end":4980.19},{"text":"on","start":4980.35,"end":4980.59},{"text":"all","start":4980.59,"end":4980.75},{"text":"parties","start":4980.75,"end":4981.23},{"text":"to","start":4981.23,"end":4981.39},{"text":"armed","start":4981.39,"end":4981.63},{"text":"conflicts","start":4981.63,"end":4982.19},{"text":"to","start":4982.19,"end":4982.35},{"text":"fully","start":4982.35,"end":4982.71},{"text":"respect","start":4982.71,"end":4983.39},{"text":"their","start":4983.39,"end":4983.63},{"text":"obligation","start":4983.63,"end":4984.43},{"text":"under","start":4984.43,"end":4984.75},{"text":"international","start":4984.75,"end":4985.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4985.55,"end":4986.35},{"text":"law,","start":4986.35,"end":4986.75},{"text":"particularly","start":4987.47,"end":4988.59},{"text":"regarding","start":4988.59,"end":4989.15},{"text":"the","start":4989.15,"end":4989.31},{"text":"protection","start":4989.31,"end":4989.91},{"text":"of","start":4989.91,"end":4989.99},{"text":"civilians,","start":4989.99,"end":4990.91},{"text":"medical","start":4991.55,"end":4991.91},{"text":"and","start":4991.91,"end":4992.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":4992.03,"end":4992.91},{"text":"personnel,","start":4992.91,"end":4993.71},{"text":"civilian","start":4994.11,"end":4994.99},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":4995.07,"end":4996.43},{"text":"and","start":4996.91,"end":4997.15},{"text":"persons","start":4997.15,"end":4997.87},{"text":"hors","start":4998.03,"end":4998.19},{"text":"de","start":4998.19,"end":4998.31},{"text":"combat.","start":4998.31,"end":4998.79}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, as a State Party to all four Geneva Conventions and their three additional protocols, Slovakia has consistently supported efforts to strengthen the protection of victims of armed conflicts.","start":5000.27,"end":5014.75,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5000.27,"end":5000.67},{"text":"Chair,","start":5000.67,"end":5001.15},{"text":"as","start":5001.79,"end":5001.99},{"text":"a","start":5001.99,"end":5002.03},{"text":"State","start":5002.03,"end":5002.35},{"text":"Party","start":5002.35,"end":5002.75},{"text":"to","start":5002.75,"end":5003.11},{"text":"all","start":5003.11,"end":5003.23},{"text":"four","start":5003.23,"end":5003.63},{"text":"Geneva","start":5003.63,"end":5004.03},{"text":"Conventions","start":5004.03,"end":5004.99},{"text":"and","start":5004.99,"end":5005.19},{"text":"their","start":5005.19,"end":5005.47},{"text":"three","start":5005.71,"end":5006.11},{"text":"additional","start":5006.11,"end":5006.59},{"text":"protocols,","start":5006.59,"end":5007.55},{"text":"Slovakia","start":5008.03,"end":5008.75},{"text":"has","start":5008.75,"end":5009.15},{"text":"consistently","start":5009.15,"end":5010.07},{"text":"supported","start":5010.07,"end":5010.83},{"text":"efforts","start":5010.83,"end":5011.39},{"text":"to","start":5011.39,"end":5011.51},{"text":"strengthen","start":5011.51,"end":5012.27},{"text":"the","start":5012.27,"end":5012.35},{"text":"protection","start":5012.35,"end":5012.99},{"text":"of","start":5012.99,"end":5013.07},{"text":"victims","start":5013.07,"end":5013.55},{"text":"of","start":5013.55,"end":5013.71},{"text":"armed","start":5013.71,"end":5013.95},{"text":"conflicts.","start":5013.95,"end":5014.75}]},{"text":"Our commitment is also reflected in our endorsement of the Seyskal Declaration or the Montreux Document.","start":5016.39,"end":5023.19,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":5016.39,"end":5016.63},{"text":"commitment","start":5016.63,"end":5017.35},{"text":"is","start":5017.35,"end":5017.59},{"text":"also","start":5017.59,"end":5017.83},{"text":"reflected","start":5017.83,"end":5018.63},{"text":"in","start":5018.63,"end":5018.95},{"text":"our","start":5018.95,"end":5019.15},{"text":"endorsement","start":5019.15,"end":5019.83},{"text":"of","start":5019.83,"end":5019.99},{"text":"the","start":5019.99,"end":5020.07},{"text":"Seyskal","start":5020.07,"end":5020.67},{"text":"Declaration","start":5020.67,"end":5021.59},{"text":"or","start":5021.59,"end":5021.83},{"text":"the","start":5021.83,"end":5021.91},{"text":"Montreux","start":5021.91,"end":5022.39},{"text":"Document.","start":5022.39,"end":5023.19}]},{"text":"Since April 2025, Slovakia has actively participated in the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and recognizes the importance of the upcoming high-level conference on humanity in war in Jordan.","start":5025.35,"end":5042.79,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Since","start":5025.35,"end":5025.83},{"text":"April","start":5025.99,"end":5026.39},{"text":"2025,","start":5026.39,"end":5027.59},{"text":"Slovakia","start":5027.59,"end":5028.23},{"text":"has","start":5028.23,"end":5028.47},{"text":"actively","start":5028.47,"end":5029.31},{"text":"participated","start":5029.31,"end":5030.31},{"text":"in","start":5030.31,"end":5030.55},{"text":"the","start":5030.55,"end":5030.67},{"text":"global","start":5030.67,"end":5031.19},{"text":"initiative","start":5031.19,"end":5032.15},{"text":"to","start":5032.15,"end":5032.31},{"text":"galvanize","start":5032.31,"end":5032.95},{"text":"political","start":5033.03,"end":5033.59},{"text":"commitment","start":5033.59,"end":5034.35},{"text":"to","start":5034.35,"end":5034.43},{"text":"international","start":5034.43,"end":5035.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5035.15,"end":5035.91},{"text":"law","start":5035.91,"end":5036.35},{"text":"and","start":5036.99,"end":5037.19},{"text":"recognizes","start":5037.19,"end":5037.99},{"text":"the","start":5037.99,"end":5038.11},{"text":"importance","start":5038.11,"end":5038.75},{"text":"of","start":5038.75,"end":5038.87},{"text":"the","start":5038.87,"end":5038.99},{"text":"upcoming","start":5038.99,"end":5039.59},{"text":"high-level","start":5039.59,"end":5040.23},{"text":"conference","start":5040.23,"end":5041.03},{"text":"on","start":5041.03,"end":5041.19},{"text":"humanity","start":5041.19,"end":5041.71},{"text":"in","start":5041.71,"end":5041.83},{"text":"war","start":5041.83,"end":5042.07},{"text":"in","start":5042.07,"end":5042.23},{"text":"Jordan.","start":5042.23,"end":5042.79}]},{"text":"Slovakia also supports the EU guidelines on promoting compliance with international humanitarian law, endorsed the Declaration for the Protection of Humanitarian Personnel in September 2025, and participated in a ministerial event on IHL and humanitarian action during the 2026 UNGA High-Level Week, reaffirming its support for the protection of humanitarian workers the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission, and humanitarian assistance to countries affected by armed conflict.","start":5044.35,"end":5080.35,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."},{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":5044.35,"end":5044.87},{"text":"also","start":5044.87,"end":5045.23},{"text":"supports","start":5045.23,"end":5045.87},{"text":"the","start":5045.87,"end":5045.99},{"text":"EU","start":5045.99,"end":5046.35},{"text":"guidelines","start":5046.35,"end":5046.95},{"text":"on","start":5046.95,"end":5047.15},{"text":"promoting","start":5047.15,"end":5047.71},{"text":"compliance","start":5047.71,"end":5048.51},{"text":"with","start":5048.51,"end":5048.79},{"text":"international","start":5048.79,"end":5049.47},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5049.47,"end":5050.27},{"text":"law,","start":5050.27,"end":5050.75},{"text":"endorsed","start":5051.31,"end":5051.83},{"text":"the","start":5051.83,"end":5051.95},{"text":"Declaration","start":5051.95,"end":5052.75},{"text":"for","start":5052.75,"end":5052.99},{"text":"the","start":5052.99,"end":5053.07},{"text":"Protection","start":5053.07,"end":5053.71},{"text":"of","start":5053.71,"end":5053.87},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":5053.87,"end":5054.67},{"text":"Personnel","start":5054.67,"end":5055.39},{"text":"in","start":5055.39,"end":5055.63},{"text":"September","start":5055.63,"end":5056.19},{"text":"2025,","start":5056.19,"end":5057.39},{"text":"and","start":5058.03,"end":5058.27},{"text":"participated","start":5058.27,"end":5059.23},{"text":"in","start":5059.23,"end":5059.35},{"text":"a","start":5059.35,"end":5059.39},{"text":"ministerial","start":5059.39,"end":5060.19},{"text":"event","start":5060.19,"end":5060.99},{"text":"on","start":5061.07,"end":5061.31},{"text":"IHL","start":5061.31,"end":5062.11},{"text":"and","start":5062.11,"end":5062.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5062.31,"end":5063.07},{"text":"action","start":5063.07,"end":5063.63},{"text":"during","start":5063.63,"end":5063.99},{"text":"the","start":5063.99,"end":5064.11},{"text":"2026","start":5064.11,"end":5065.23},{"text":"UNGA","start":5065.31,"end":5065.63},{"text":"High-Level","start":5065.63,"end":5066.19},{"text":"Week,","start":5066.19,"end":5066.59},{"text":"reaffirming","start":5067.39,"end":5068.03},{"text":"its","start":5068.03,"end":5068.23},{"text":"support","start":5068.23,"end":5068.67},{"text":"for","start":5068.67,"end":5068.83},{"text":"the","start":5068.83,"end":5068.91},{"text":"protection","start":5068.91,"end":5069.55},{"text":"of","start":5069.55,"end":5069.71},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5069.71,"end":5070.43},{"text":"workers","start":5070.43,"end":5071.23},{"text":"the","start":5071.55,"end":5071.79},{"text":"International","start":5071.79,"end":5072.51},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":5072.51,"end":5073.31},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":5073.31,"end":5074.11},{"text":"Commission,","start":5074.11,"end":5074.91},{"text":"and","start":5075.31,"end":5076.03},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5076.03,"end":5076.75},{"text":"assistance","start":5076.75,"end":5077.47},{"text":"to","start":5077.47,"end":5077.63},{"text":"countries","start":5077.63,"end":5078.35},{"text":"affected","start":5078.43,"end":5079.15},{"text":"by","start":5079.15,"end":5079.31},{"text":"armed","start":5079.31,"end":5079.63},{"text":"conflict.","start":5079.63,"end":5080.35}]},{"text":"At the national level, our Committee on International Humanitarian Law continues to play an important role in promoting the implementation and dissemination of international humanitarian law.","start":5081.63,"end":5094.31,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5081.63,"end":5081.75},{"text":"the","start":5081.75,"end":5081.87},{"text":"national","start":5081.87,"end":5082.39},{"text":"level,","start":5082.39,"end":5082.91},{"text":"our","start":5082.91,"end":5083.23},{"text":"Committee","start":5083.23,"end":5083.95},{"text":"on","start":5083.95,"end":5084.11},{"text":"International","start":5084.11,"end":5084.91},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":5084.91,"end":5085.71},{"text":"Law","start":5085.71,"end":5086.19},{"text":"continues","start":5086.67,"end":5087.39},{"text":"to","start":5087.39,"end":5087.55},{"text":"play","start":5087.55,"end":5087.83},{"text":"an","start":5087.83,"end":5087.91},{"text":"important","start":5087.91,"end":5088.59},{"text":"role","start":5088.59,"end":5088.99},{"text":"in","start":5088.99,"end":5089.15},{"text":"promoting","start":5089.15,"end":5089.71},{"text":"the","start":5089.71,"end":5089.79},{"text":"implementation","start":5089.79,"end":5090.99},{"text":"and","start":5090.99,"end":5091.19},{"text":"dissemination","start":5091.19,"end":5092.27},{"text":"of","start":5092.27,"end":5092.43},{"text":"international","start":5092.43,"end":5093.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5093.15,"end":5093.95},{"text":"law.","start":5093.95,"end":5094.31}]},{"text":"In 2026, the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs in cooperation with the Slovak Red Cross, organized an expert event with the participation of ICRC legal advisor, bringing together representatives of government institutions, the diplomatic corps, academia, to discuss recent developments and implementation efforts in international humanitarian law.","start":5095.23,"end":5122.43,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5095.23,"end":5095.39},{"text":"2026,","start":5095.39,"end":5096.67},{"text":"the","start":5096.71,"end":5096.83},{"text":"Ministry","start":5096.83,"end":5097.31},{"text":"of","start":5097.31,"end":5097.39},{"text":"Foreign","start":5097.39,"end":5097.87},{"text":"and","start":5097.87,"end":5097.99},{"text":"European","start":5097.99,"end":5098.43},{"text":"Affairs","start":5098.43,"end":5099.23},{"text":"in","start":5099.51,"end":5099.75},{"text":"cooperation","start":5099.75,"end":5100.55},{"text":"with","start":5100.55,"end":5100.87},{"text":"the","start":5100.87,"end":5100.95},{"text":"Slovak","start":5100.95,"end":5101.35},{"text":"Red","start":5101.35,"end":5101.59},{"text":"Cross,","start":5101.59,"end":5102.23},{"text":"organized","start":5102.71,"end":5103.35},{"text":"an","start":5103.35,"end":5103.59},{"text":"expert","start":5103.59,"end":5104.19},{"text":"event","start":5104.19,"end":5104.79},{"text":"with","start":5104.79,"end":5104.99},{"text":"the","start":5104.99,"end":5105.07},{"text":"participation","start":5105.07,"end":5105.99},{"text":"of","start":5105.99,"end":5106.15},{"text":"ICRC","start":5106.15,"end":5106.95},{"text":"legal","start":5106.95,"end":5107.31},{"text":"advisor,","start":5107.31,"end":5108.07},{"text":"bringing","start":5108.47,"end":5109.43},{"text":"together","start":5109.43,"end":5110.23},{"text":"representatives","start":5110.23,"end":5111.19},{"text":"of","start":5111.19,"end":5111.35},{"text":"government","start":5111.35,"end":5111.91},{"text":"institutions,","start":5111.91,"end":5113.11},{"text":"the","start":5113.43,"end":5113.67},{"text":"diplomatic","start":5113.67,"end":5114.43},{"text":"corps,","start":5114.43,"end":5114.83},{"text":"academia,","start":5115.19,"end":5116.15},{"text":"to","start":5116.63,"end":5116.75},{"text":"discuss","start":5116.75,"end":5117.19},{"text":"recent","start":5117.19,"end":5117.63},{"text":"developments","start":5117.63,"end":5118.39},{"text":"and","start":5118.39,"end":5118.63},{"text":"implementation","start":5118.63,"end":5119.59},{"text":"efforts","start":5119.59,"end":5120.23},{"text":"in","start":5120.23,"end":5120.47},{"text":"international","start":5120.47,"end":5121.19},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5121.19,"end":5121.99},{"text":"law.","start":5121.99,"end":5122.43}]},{"text":"Contemporary armed conflicts also raise new challenges, including those associated with emerging technologies.","start":5124.35,"end":5131.71,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Contemporary","start":5124.35,"end":5125.07},{"text":"armed","start":5125.07,"end":5125.39},{"text":"conflicts","start":5125.39,"end":5126.11},{"text":"also","start":5126.11,"end":5126.51},{"text":"raise","start":5126.51,"end":5126.91},{"text":"new","start":5126.91,"end":5127.07},{"text":"challenges,","start":5127.07,"end":5127.95},{"text":"including","start":5128.11,"end":5128.75},{"text":"those","start":5128.75,"end":5129.15},{"text":"associated","start":5129.15,"end":5130.03},{"text":"with","start":5130.03,"end":5130.19},{"text":"emerging","start":5130.19,"end":5130.75},{"text":"technologies.","start":5130.75,"end":5131.71}]},{"text":"Slovakia supports continued efforts to promote full application of international humanitarian law in cyberspace and ensure that technological developments do not undermine the protection of civilians.","start":5132.75,"end":5148.19,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Slovakia","start":5132.75,"end":5133.39},{"text":"supports","start":5133.39,"end":5134.07},{"text":"continued","start":5134.07,"end":5134.75},{"text":"efforts","start":5134.75,"end":5135.63},{"text":"to","start":5135.63,"end":5135.79},{"text":"promote","start":5135.79,"end":5136.35},{"text":"full","start":5136.35,"end":5136.83},{"text":"application","start":5136.83,"end":5137.79},{"text":"of","start":5137.79,"end":5138.03},{"text":"international","start":5138.03,"end":5138.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5138.83,"end":5139.63},{"text":"law","start":5139.63,"end":5139.91},{"text":"in","start":5140.03,"end":5140.43},{"text":"cyberspace","start":5140.43,"end":5141.47},{"text":"and","start":5142.11,"end":5142.23},{"text":"ensure","start":5142.31,"end":5142.91},{"text":"that","start":5142.91,"end":5143.15},{"text":"technological","start":5143.15,"end":5143.95},{"text":"developments","start":5143.95,"end":5144.91},{"text":"do","start":5144.91,"end":5145.15},{"text":"not","start":5145.15,"end":5145.47},{"text":"undermine","start":5145.47,"end":5146.35},{"text":"the","start":5146.35,"end":5146.47},{"text":"protection","start":5146.47,"end":5147.15},{"text":"of","start":5147.15,"end":5147.23},{"text":"civilians.","start":5147.23,"end":5148.19}]},{"text":"Finally, we wish to emphasize that effective implementation of international humanitarian law must go hand in hand with accountability for its serious violations.","start":5149.63,"end":5161.71,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":5149.63,"end":5150.43},{"text":"we","start":5150.51,"end":5150.79},{"text":"wish","start":5150.79,"end":5150.95},{"text":"to","start":5150.95,"end":5151.15},{"text":"emphasize","start":5151.15,"end":5152.03},{"text":"that","start":5152.03,"end":5152.27},{"text":"effective","start":5152.27,"end":5152.99},{"text":"implementation","start":5152.99,"end":5154.11},{"text":"of","start":5154.11,"end":5154.27},{"text":"international","start":5154.27,"end":5155.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5155.15,"end":5155.95},{"text":"law","start":5155.95,"end":5156.43},{"text":"must","start":5156.99,"end":5157.27},{"text":"go","start":5157.27,"end":5157.47},{"text":"hand","start":5157.47,"end":5157.79},{"text":"in","start":5157.79,"end":5157.95},{"text":"hand","start":5157.95,"end":5158.35},{"text":"with","start":5158.35,"end":5158.63},{"text":"accountability","start":5158.63,"end":5159.63},{"text":"for","start":5159.63,"end":5159.83},{"text":"its","start":5159.83,"end":5160.15},{"text":"serious","start":5160.15,"end":5160.59},{"text":"violations.","start":5160.59,"end":5161.71}]},{"text":"States bear the primary responsibility for investigating and prosecuting serious violations of international humanitarian law, while international accountability mechanisms, including the International Criminal Court, play an indispensable complementary role in combating impunity.","start":5162.75,"end":5181.75,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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Chair, the challenge before us is not only to reaffirm the rules of international humanitarian law, but about all to ensure that they are respected in practice.","start":5182.87,"end":5193.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5182.87,"end":5183.19},{"text":"Chair,","start":5183.19,"end":5183.67},{"text":"the","start":5184.15,"end":5184.39},{"text":"challenge","start":5184.39,"end":5184.87},{"text":"before","start":5184.87,"end":5185.27},{"text":"us","start":5185.27,"end":5185.51},{"text":"is","start":5185.51,"end":5185.75},{"text":"not","start":5185.75,"end":5185.91},{"text":"only","start":5185.91,"end":5186.15},{"text":"to","start":5186.15,"end":5186.35},{"text":"reaffirm","start":5186.35,"end":5187.03},{"text":"the","start":5187.03,"end":5187.15},{"text":"rules","start":5187.15,"end":5187.55},{"text":"of","start":5187.55,"end":5187.67},{"text":"international","start":5187.67,"end":5188.39},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5188.39,"end":5189.11},{"text":"law,","start":5189.11,"end":5189.59},{"text":"but","start":5189.99,"end":5190.15},{"text":"about","start":5190.15,"end":5190.55},{"text":"all","start":5190.55,"end":5190.87},{"text":"to","start":5190.87,"end":5191.07},{"text":"ensure","start":5191.07,"end":5191.51},{"text":"that","start":5191.51,"end":5191.67},{"text":"they","start":5191.67,"end":5191.79},{"text":"are","start":5191.79,"end":5191.95},{"text":"respected","start":5191.95,"end":5192.51},{"text":"in","start":5192.51,"end":5192.63},{"text":"practice.","start":5192.63,"end":5193.51}]},{"text":"At a time when these rules are increasingly challenged, we must collectively renew our commitment to preserving humanity in armed conflicts.","start":5194.39,"end":5204.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5194.39,"end":5194.71},{"text":"a","start":5194.71,"end":5194.75},{"text":"time","start":5194.75,"end":5195.03},{"text":"when","start":5195.03,"end":5195.35},{"text":"these","start":5195.35,"end":5195.59},{"text":"rules","start":5195.59,"end":5196.15},{"text":"are","start":5196.15,"end":5196.39},{"text":"increasingly","start":5196.39,"end":5197.19},{"text":"challenged,","start":5197.19,"end":5198.07},{"text":"we","start":5198.47,"end":5198.71},{"text":"must","start":5198.71,"end":5199.03},{"text":"collectively","start":5199.03,"end":5199.71},{"text":"renew","start":5199.71,"end":5200.31},{"text":"our","start":5200.31,"end":5200.55},{"text":"commitment","start":5200.55,"end":5201.63},{"text":"to","start":5201.63,"end":5201.71},{"text":"preserving","start":5201.71,"end":5202.31},{"text":"humanity","start":5202.31,"end":5203.11},{"text":"in","start":5203.11,"end":5203.35},{"text":"armed","start":5203.35,"end":5203.59},{"text":"conflicts.","start":5203.59,"end":5204.39}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":5204.71,"end":5205.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5204.71,"end":5204.79},{"text":"thank","start":5204.79,"end":5205.19},{"text":"you.","start":5205.19,"end":5205.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"SVK","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Slovakia"}},{"statement_number":33,"start":5206.87,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:26:47","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Slovakia for her statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nigeria.","start":5206.87,"end":5213.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5206.87,"end":5206.95},{"text":"thank","start":5206.95,"end":5207.27},{"text":"the","start":5207.27,"end":5207.35},{"text":"distinguished","start":5207.35,"end":5207.91},{"text":"representative","start":5207.91,"end":5208.71},{"text":"of","start":5208.71,"end":5208.87},{"text":"Slovakia","start":5208.87,"end":5209.67},{"text":"for","start":5209.67,"end":5209.95},{"text":"her","start":5209.95,"end":5210.07},{"text":"statement,","start":5210.07,"end":5210.63},{"text":"and","start":5210.63,"end":5210.75},{"text":"I","start":5210.75,"end":5210.79},{"text":"give","start":5210.79,"end":5211.03},{"text":"the","start":5211.03,"end":5211.15},{"text":"floor","start":5211.19,"end":5211.51},{"text":"to","start":5211.51,"end":5211.59},{"text":"the","start":5211.59,"end":5211.67},{"text":"distinguished","start":5211.67,"end":5212.31},{"text":"representative","start":5212.31,"end":5213.03},{"text":"of","start":5213.03,"end":5213.11},{"text":"Nigeria.","start":5213.11,"end":5213.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":34,"start":5223.91,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:27:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madame Chair.","start":5223.91,"end":5225.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5223.91,"end":5224.31},{"text":"you,","start":5224.31,"end":5224.47},{"text":"Madame","start":5224.47,"end":5225.03},{"text":"Chair.","start":5225.03,"end":5225.51}]},{"text":"Nigeria thanks the Secretary General for his report containing document A/81/290, submitted pursuant to the resolution 79/123.","start":5226.51,"end":5238.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5226.51,"end":5226.91},{"text":"thanks","start":5226.91,"end":5227.31},{"text":"the","start":5227.31,"end":5227.43},{"text":"Secretary","start":5227.43,"end":5227.87},{"text":"General","start":5227.87,"end":5228.35},{"text":"for","start":5228.35,"end":5228.59},{"text":"his","start":5228.59,"end":5228.75},{"text":"report","start":5228.75,"end":5229.31},{"text":"containing","start":5229.31,"end":5229.87},{"text":"document","start":5229.87,"end":5230.59},{"text":"A/81/290,","start":5230.67,"end":5233.79},{"text":"submitted","start":5234.03,"end":5234.75},{"text":"pursuant","start":5234.75,"end":5235.27},{"text":"to","start":5235.27,"end":5235.35},{"text":"the","start":5235.35,"end":5235.43},{"text":"resolution","start":5235.43,"end":5236.27},{"text":"79/123.","start":5236.51,"end":5238.75}]},{"text":"The report said how the status of the additional protocols and the measures taken by member states at the International Committee of the Red Cross to strengthen, disseminate, and implement international humanitarian law at the national level.","start":5239.31,"end":5254.35,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5239.31,"end":5239.47},{"text":"report","start":5239.47,"end":5239.87},{"text":"said","start":5239.87,"end":5240.19},{"text":"how","start":5240.19,"end":5240.43},{"text":"the","start":5240.43,"end":5240.55},{"text":"status","start":5240.59,"end":5241.23},{"text":"of","start":5241.39,"end":5241.71},{"text":"the","start":5241.75,"end":5241.83},{"text":"additional","start":5241.83,"end":5242.23},{"text":"protocols","start":5242.23,"end":5242.91},{"text":"and","start":5243.31,"end":5243.51},{"text":"the","start":5243.51,"end":5243.59},{"text":"measures","start":5243.79,"end":5244.27},{"text":"taken","start":5244.27,"end":5244.59},{"text":"by","start":5244.59,"end":5244.83},{"text":"member","start":5245.23,"end":5245.55},{"text":"states","start":5245.55,"end":5246.03},{"text":"at","start":5246.03,"end":5246.23},{"text":"the","start":5246.23,"end":5246.31},{"text":"International","start":5246.31,"end":5246.83},{"text":"Committee","start":5246.83,"end":5247.63},{"text":"of","start":5247.79,"end":5247.87},{"text":"the","start":5247.87,"end":5247.99},{"text":"Red","start":5247.99,"end":5248.19},{"text":"Cross","start":5248.19,"end":5248.59},{"text":"to","start":5248.59,"end":5248.99},{"text":"strengthen,","start":5248.99,"end":5249.79},{"text":"disseminate,","start":5250.03,"end":5250.75},{"text":"and","start":5250.75,"end":5250.95},{"text":"implement","start":5250.95,"end":5251.43},{"text":"international","start":5251.43,"end":5252.07},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5252.07,"end":5252.75},{"text":"law","start":5252.75,"end":5253.15},{"text":"at","start":5253.39,"end":5253.51},{"text":"the","start":5253.51,"end":5253.59},{"text":"national","start":5253.59,"end":5254.11},{"text":"level.","start":5254.11,"end":5254.35}]},{"text":"We thank the states that provided information.","start":5255.63,"end":5258.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5255.63,"end":5255.79},{"text":"thank","start":5255.79,"end":5256.11},{"text":"the","start":5256.11,"end":5256.23},{"text":"states","start":5256.23,"end":5256.75},{"text":"that","start":5256.75,"end":5256.91},{"text":"provided","start":5256.91,"end":5257.47},{"text":"information.","start":5257.47,"end":5258.27}]},{"text":"Their contribution shows that respect for international humanitarian law depends, above all, on what states do at home through legislation, training, dissemination, and accountability.","start":5258.67,"end":5272.11,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":5258.67,"end":5258.91},{"text":"contribution","start":5258.91,"end":5259.63},{"text":"shows","start":5259.63,"end":5260.19},{"text":"that","start":5260.43,"end":5260.83},{"text":"respect","start":5260.83,"end":5261.31},{"text":"for","start":5261.31,"end":5261.47},{"text":"international","start":5261.47,"end":5262.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5262.11,"end":5262.75},{"text":"law","start":5262.75,"end":5262.99},{"text":"depends,","start":5262.99,"end":5263.79},{"text":"above","start":5263.95,"end":5264.43},{"text":"all,","start":5264.43,"end":5264.83},{"text":"on","start":5265.23,"end":5265.43},{"text":"what","start":5265.43,"end":5265.79},{"text":"states","start":5265.79,"end":5266.35},{"text":"do","start":5266.51,"end":5266.83},{"text":"at","start":5266.91,"end":5267.07},{"text":"home","start":5267.07,"end":5267.39},{"text":"through","start":5267.63,"end":5267.87},{"text":"legislation,","start":5267.87,"end":5268.83},{"text":"training,","start":5269.07,"end":5269.71},{"text":"dissemination,","start":5269.95,"end":5270.83},{"text":"and","start":5270.83,"end":5271.11},{"text":"accountability.","start":5271.11,"end":5272.11}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Nigeria has been bound by the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 since independence and is a party to Additional Protocol I and II.","start":5272.59,"end":5284.19,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5272.59,"end":5272.99},{"text":"Chair,","start":5272.99,"end":5273.31},{"text":"Nigeria","start":5273.71,"end":5274.19},{"text":"has","start":5274.19,"end":5274.35},{"text":"been","start":5274.43,"end":5274.59},{"text":"bound","start":5274.59,"end":5274.99},{"text":"by","start":5274.99,"end":5275.15},{"text":"the","start":5275.15,"end":5275.23},{"text":"four","start":5275.23,"end":5275.63},{"text":"Geneva","start":5275.63,"end":5276.03},{"text":"Conventions","start":5276.03,"end":5276.91},{"text":"of","start":5277.23,"end":5277.47},{"text":"1949","start":5277.55,"end":5279.15},{"text":"since","start":5279.39,"end":5279.71},{"text":"independence","start":5279.71,"end":5280.59},{"text":"and","start":5280.59,"end":5280.87},{"text":"is","start":5280.87,"end":5281.07},{"text":"a","start":5281.23,"end":5281.27},{"text":"party","start":5281.27,"end":5281.63},{"text":"to","start":5281.63,"end":5281.75},{"text":"Additional","start":5281.75,"end":5282.27},{"text":"Protocol","start":5282.27,"end":5282.91},{"text":"I","start":5283.23,"end":5283.27},{"text":"and","start":5283.27,"end":5283.75},{"text":"II.","start":5283.75,"end":5284.19}]},{"text":"The Geneva Convention Act gives effect to convention in Nigerian law, including the repression of grave breaches.","start":5284.83,"end":5293.55,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5284.83,"end":5284.87},{"text":"Geneva","start":5284.87,"end":5285.23},{"text":"Convention","start":5285.23,"end":5285.95},{"text":"Act","start":5286.03,"end":5286.51},{"text":"gives","start":5286.75,"end":5287.31},{"text":"effect","start":5287.67,"end":5288.19},{"text":"to","start":5288.19,"end":5288.27},{"text":"convention","start":5288.27,"end":5288.91},{"text":"in","start":5288.91,"end":5289.11},{"text":"Nigerian","start":5289.11,"end":5289.55},{"text":"law,","start":5289.55,"end":5290.03},{"text":"including","start":5290.19,"end":5290.71},{"text":"the","start":5290.71,"end":5290.79},{"text":"repression","start":5290.79,"end":5291.87},{"text":"of","start":5292.11,"end":5292.27},{"text":"grave","start":5292.27,"end":5292.67},{"text":"breaches.","start":5292.91,"end":5293.55}]},{"text":"Substantial progress has also been made to give full effect to additional protocols in national legislation.","start":5294.11,"end":5301.15,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Substantial","start":5294.11,"end":5294.83},{"text":"progress","start":5294.83,"end":5295.31},{"text":"has","start":5295.31,"end":5295.63},{"text":"also","start":5295.63,"end":5295.87},{"text":"been","start":5295.87,"end":5296.07},{"text":"made","start":5296.07,"end":5296.43},{"text":"to","start":5296.67,"end":5296.79},{"text":"give","start":5296.79,"end":5296.99},{"text":"full","start":5296.99,"end":5297.39},{"text":"effect","start":5297.39,"end":5297.87},{"text":"to","start":5297.87,"end":5298.03},{"text":"additional","start":5298.03,"end":5298.51},{"text":"protocols","start":5298.51,"end":5299.07},{"text":"in","start":5299.31,"end":5299.51},{"text":"national","start":5299.51,"end":5300.11},{"text":"legislation.","start":5300.19,"end":5301.15}]},{"text":"Nigeria implements its treaty obligations through its constitutional order.","start":5301.87,"end":5306.91,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5301.87,"end":5302.31},{"text":"implements","start":5302.31,"end":5303.07},{"text":"its","start":5303.07,"end":5303.27},{"text":"treaty","start":5303.27,"end":5303.71},{"text":"obligations","start":5303.79,"end":5304.43},{"text":"through","start":5304.43,"end":5304.91},{"text":"its","start":5305.47,"end":5305.63},{"text":"constitutional","start":5305.63,"end":5306.43},{"text":"order.","start":5306.43,"end":5306.91}]},{"text":"Under Section 12 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999, A treaty has the force of law only to the extent that it has been enacted into law by our National Assembly.","start":5307.39,"end":5320.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":5307.39,"end":5307.71},{"text":"Section","start":5307.71,"end":5308.27},{"text":"12","start":5308.27,"end":5308.67},{"text":"of","start":5308.67,"end":5308.83},{"text":"the","start":5308.83,"end":5308.91},{"text":"Constitution","start":5308.91,"end":5309.47},{"text":"of","start":5309.47,"end":5309.55},{"text":"the","start":5309.55,"end":5309.63},{"text":"Federal","start":5309.63,"end":5309.99},{"text":"Republic","start":5309.99,"end":5310.43},{"text":"of","start":5310.43,"end":5310.51},{"text":"Nigeria,","start":5310.51,"end":5311.03},{"text":"1999,","start":5311.03,"end":5311.95},{"text":"A","start":5312.51,"end":5312.55},{"text":"treaty","start":5312.55,"end":5312.99},{"text":"has","start":5312.99,"end":5313.23},{"text":"the","start":5313.23,"end":5313.43},{"text":"force","start":5313.43,"end":5313.95},{"text":"of","start":5313.95,"end":5314.19},{"text":"law","start":5314.19,"end":5314.39},{"text":"only","start":5314.39,"end":5314.91},{"text":"to","start":5314.91,"end":5315.03},{"text":"the","start":5315.03,"end":5315.11},{"text":"extent","start":5315.11,"end":5315.71},{"text":"that","start":5315.87,"end":5316.19},{"text":"it","start":5316.19,"end":5316.35},{"text":"has","start":5316.35,"end":5316.67},{"text":"been","start":5316.67,"end":5316.99},{"text":"enacted","start":5317.23,"end":5317.79},{"text":"into","start":5317.79,"end":5318.11},{"text":"law","start":5318.11,"end":5318.51},{"text":"by","start":5318.67,"end":5319.07},{"text":"our","start":5319.07,"end":5319.15},{"text":"National","start":5319.15,"end":5319.55},{"text":"Assembly.","start":5319.55,"end":5320.27}]},{"text":"Nigeria approaches the incorporations of further international humanitarian law obligations through that process, that process in a manner consistent with its legal system and national priorities.","start":5321.07,"end":5333.87,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5321.07,"end":5321.51},{"text":"approaches","start":5321.51,"end":5322.15},{"text":"the","start":5322.15,"end":5322.23},{"text":"incorporations","start":5322.23,"end":5323.19},{"text":"of","start":5323.19,"end":5323.31},{"text":"further","start":5323.31,"end":5323.71},{"text":"international","start":5323.71,"end":5324.27},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5324.27,"end":5324.91},{"text":"law","start":5324.91,"end":5325.31},{"text":"obligations","start":5325.59,"end":5326.15},{"text":"through","start":5326.15,"end":5326.59},{"text":"that","start":5326.91,"end":5327.15},{"text":"process,","start":5327.15,"end":5327.79},{"text":"that","start":5328.11,"end":5328.35},{"text":"process","start":5328.59,"end":5329.07},{"text":"in","start":5329.15,"end":5329.31},{"text":"a","start":5329.31,"end":5329.35},{"text":"manner","start":5329.35,"end":5329.79},{"text":"consistent","start":5329.79,"end":5330.59},{"text":"with","start":5330.67,"end":5330.91},{"text":"its","start":5330.99,"end":5331.27},{"text":"legal","start":5331.27,"end":5331.79},{"text":"system","start":5331.87,"end":5332.51},{"text":"and","start":5332.51,"end":5332.71},{"text":"national","start":5332.71,"end":5333.07},{"text":"priorities.","start":5333.07,"end":5333.87}]},{"text":"Furthermore, Nigeria has integrated international humanitarian law into the training and operational rules of its armed forces and security agencies, working with the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Nigerian Red Cross Society.","start":5334.59,"end":5350.91,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":5334.59,"end":5335.31},{"text":"Nigeria","start":5335.63,"end":5336.11},{"text":"has","start":5336.11,"end":5336.43},{"text":"integrated","start":5336.51,"end":5337.23},{"text":"international","start":5337.23,"end":5337.75},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5337.75,"end":5338.43},{"text":"law","start":5338.43,"end":5338.67},{"text":"into","start":5338.67,"end":5338.99},{"text":"the","start":5338.99,"end":5339.11},{"text":"training","start":5339.11,"end":5339.71},{"text":"and","start":5339.95,"end":5340.15},{"text":"operational","start":5340.15,"end":5340.87},{"text":"rules","start":5340.87,"end":5341.47},{"text":"of","start":5341.63,"end":5341.87},{"text":"its","start":5341.87,"end":5342.03},{"text":"armed","start":5342.03,"end":5342.27},{"text":"forces","start":5342.27,"end":5342.83},{"text":"and","start":5343.15,"end":5343.31},{"text":"security","start":5343.31,"end":5343.87},{"text":"agencies,","start":5343.87,"end":5344.59},{"text":"working","start":5344.91,"end":5345.31},{"text":"with","start":5345.31,"end":5345.51},{"text":"the","start":5345.87,"end":5346.07},{"text":"International","start":5346.07,"end":5346.75},{"text":"Committee","start":5346.75,"end":5347.47},{"text":"of","start":5347.55,"end":5347.67},{"text":"the","start":5347.67,"end":5347.75},{"text":"Red","start":5347.75,"end":5347.99},{"text":"Cross","start":5347.99,"end":5348.43},{"text":"and","start":5348.75,"end":5348.91},{"text":"the","start":5348.91,"end":5348.99},{"text":"Nigerian","start":5348.99,"end":5349.47},{"text":"Red","start":5349.47,"end":5349.79},{"text":"Cross","start":5349.79,"end":5350.23},{"text":"Society.","start":5350.23,"end":5350.91}]},{"text":"Persons detained in the course of counterinsurgency operations are treated in accordance with national and international law, and","start":5352.03,"end":5360.23,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Persons","start":5352.03,"end":5352.51},{"text":"detained","start":5352.79,"end":5353.47},{"text":"in","start":5353.47,"end":5353.59},{"text":"the","start":5353.59,"end":5353.67},{"text":"course","start":5353.67,"end":5354.15},{"text":"of","start":5354.15,"end":5354.27},{"text":"counterinsurgency","start":5354.27,"end":5355.23},{"text":"operations","start":5355.23,"end":5355.95},{"text":"are","start":5356.27,"end":5356.35},{"text":"treated","start":5356.35,"end":5356.83},{"text":"in","start":5356.83,"end":5356.99},{"text":"accordance","start":5356.99,"end":5357.51},{"text":"with","start":5357.51,"end":5357.67},{"text":"national","start":5357.67,"end":5358.35},{"text":"and","start":5358.35,"end":5358.51},{"text":"international","start":5358.51,"end":5359.47},{"text":"law,","start":5359.75,"end":5359.83},{"text":"and","start":5359.83,"end":5360.23}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"those charged are tried before the courts.","start":5360.23,"end":5363.15,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"those","start":5360.23,"end":5360.51},{"text":"charged","start":5360.51,"end":5361.07},{"text":"are","start":5361.23,"end":5361.39},{"text":"tried","start":5361.39,"end":5361.95},{"text":"before","start":5362.03,"end":5362.43},{"text":"the","start":5362.43,"end":5362.51},{"text":"courts.","start":5362.51,"end":5363.15}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We continue to facilitate the work of humanitarian actors in affected areas in accordance with the relevant national authorities.","start":5364.35,"end":5374.99,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5364.35,"end":5364.51},{"text":"continue","start":5364.51,"end":5364.91},{"text":"to","start":5364.91,"end":5365.07},{"text":"facilitate","start":5365.07,"end":5365.79},{"text":"the","start":5365.79,"end":5365.99},{"text":"work","start":5365.99,"end":5366.43},{"text":"of","start":5366.59,"end":5366.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5366.67,"end":5367.47},{"text":"actors","start":5367.47,"end":5368.03},{"text":"in","start":5368.11,"end":5368.43},{"text":"affected","start":5368.51,"end":5369.15},{"text":"areas","start":5369.15,"end":5369.71},{"text":"in","start":5371.15,"end":5371.39},{"text":"accordance","start":5371.39,"end":5372.07},{"text":"with","start":5372.51,"end":5372.79},{"text":"the","start":5372.79,"end":5372.87},{"text":"relevant","start":5372.87,"end":5373.39},{"text":"national","start":5373.39,"end":5374.07},{"text":"authorities.","start":5374.07,"end":5374.99}]},{"text":"Nigeria has also endorsed the Safe Schools Declaration and is a party to the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa.","start":5375.55,"end":5387.39,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5375.55,"end":5375.99},{"text":"has","start":5375.99,"end":5376.19},{"text":"also","start":5376.19,"end":5376.43},{"text":"endorsed","start":5376.43,"end":5376.99},{"text":"the","start":5376.99,"end":5377.07},{"text":"Safe","start":5377.07,"end":5377.43},{"text":"Schools","start":5377.43,"end":5378.03},{"text":"Declaration","start":5378.11,"end":5378.99},{"text":"and","start":5379.31,"end":5379.59},{"text":"is","start":5379.59,"end":5379.79},{"text":"a","start":5379.79,"end":5379.83},{"text":"party","start":5379.83,"end":5380.55},{"text":"to","start":5380.55,"end":5380.63},{"text":"the","start":5380.63,"end":5380.71},{"text":"African","start":5380.71,"end":5381.07},{"text":"Union","start":5381.07,"end":5381.39},{"text":"Convention","start":5381.39,"end":5382.19},{"text":"for","start":5382.19,"end":5382.51},{"text":"the","start":5382.83,"end":5382.95},{"text":"Protection","start":5382.95,"end":5383.63},{"text":"and","start":5383.87,"end":5383.99},{"text":"Assistance","start":5383.99,"end":5384.59},{"text":"of","start":5384.59,"end":5384.75},{"text":"Internally","start":5384.75,"end":5385.31},{"text":"Displaced","start":5385.31,"end":5385.91},{"text":"Persons","start":5385.91,"end":5386.43},{"text":"in","start":5386.67,"end":5386.87},{"text":"Africa.","start":5386.87,"end":5387.39}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Nigeria continues to confront and hold fully accountable armed groups in the North-East and the Lake Chad Basin that deliberately target civilians, schools, places of worship, and humanitarian workers.","start":5388.11,"end":5404.91,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5388.11,"end":5388.43},{"text":"Chair,","start":5388.43,"end":5388.83},{"text":"Nigeria","start":5389.23,"end":5389.63},{"text":"continues","start":5389.63,"end":5390.27},{"text":"to","start":5390.27,"end":5390.35},{"text":"confront","start":5390.35,"end":5391.07},{"text":"and","start":5392.59,"end":5392.75},{"text":"hold","start":5392.75,"end":5393.15},{"text":"fully","start":5393.15,"end":5393.79},{"text":"accountable","start":5393.79,"end":5394.59},{"text":"armed","start":5394.83,"end":5395.07},{"text":"groups","start":5395.07,"end":5395.47},{"text":"in","start":5395.71,"end":5395.83},{"text":"the","start":5395.83,"end":5395.91},{"text":"North-East","start":5395.91,"end":5396.59},{"text":"and","start":5396.59,"end":5396.79},{"text":"the","start":5396.79,"end":5396.87},{"text":"Lake","start":5396.91,"end":5397.07},{"text":"Chad","start":5397.07,"end":5397.39},{"text":"Basin","start":5397.39,"end":5397.87},{"text":"that","start":5398.03,"end":5398.27},{"text":"deliberately","start":5398.27,"end":5398.99},{"text":"target","start":5398.99,"end":5399.63},{"text":"civilians,","start":5399.63,"end":5400.43},{"text":"schools,","start":5400.59,"end":5401.31},{"text":"places","start":5401.63,"end":5402.07},{"text":"of","start":5402.07,"end":5402.19},{"text":"worship,","start":5402.19,"end":5402.67},{"text":"and","start":5402.91,"end":5403.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5403.11,"end":5404.11},{"text":"workers.","start":5404.19,"end":5404.91}]},{"text":"International humanitarian law binds all parties to an armed conflict, and its credibility depends on that principle being applied without exception and without double standard.","start":5405.47,"end":5419.47,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":5405.47,"end":5406.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5406.11,"end":5406.91},{"text":"law","start":5406.91,"end":5407.31},{"text":"binds","start":5407.63,"end":5408.19},{"text":"all","start":5408.19,"end":5408.51},{"text":"parties","start":5408.51,"end":5408.99},{"text":"to","start":5408.99,"end":5409.31},{"text":"an","start":5409.39,"end":5409.71},{"text":"armed","start":5409.87,"end":5410.19},{"text":"conflict,","start":5410.19,"end":5410.91},{"text":"and","start":5411.23,"end":5411.47},{"text":"its","start":5411.47,"end":5411.63},{"text":"credibility","start":5411.63,"end":5412.67},{"text":"depends","start":5412.75,"end":5413.47},{"text":"on","start":5413.47,"end":5413.71},{"text":"that","start":5413.79,"end":5414.19},{"text":"principle","start":5414.35,"end":5414.99},{"text":"being","start":5415.23,"end":5415.51},{"text":"applied","start":5415.51,"end":5416.07},{"text":"without","start":5416.07,"end":5416.51},{"text":"exception","start":5416.51,"end":5417.31},{"text":"and","start":5417.55,"end":5417.71},{"text":"without","start":5417.71,"end":5418.27},{"text":"double","start":5418.43,"end":5418.83},{"text":"standard.","start":5418.83,"end":5419.47}]},{"text":"Nigeria holds that the primary responsibility of the implementation of international humanitarian law rests with states.","start":5420.51,"end":5428.75,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5420.51,"end":5420.95},{"text":"holds","start":5420.95,"end":5421.47},{"text":"that","start":5421.47,"end":5421.79},{"text":"the","start":5421.87,"end":5421.99},{"text":"primary","start":5422.03,"end":5422.55},{"text":"responsibility","start":5422.55,"end":5423.55},{"text":"of","start":5423.71,"end":5423.87},{"text":"the","start":5423.87,"end":5423.95},{"text":"implementation","start":5423.95,"end":5424.79},{"text":"of","start":5424.79,"end":5424.91},{"text":"international","start":5424.91,"end":5425.63},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5425.63,"end":5426.27},{"text":"law","start":5426.27,"end":5426.87},{"text":"rests","start":5426.99,"end":5427.63},{"text":"with","start":5427.79,"end":5428.11},{"text":"states.","start":5428.11,"end":5428.75}]},{"text":"Efforts to strengthen compliance should support national institutions, respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of states, and be based on obligations that states have accepted.","start":5429.47,"end":5442.35,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Interpretation","start":5445.19,"end":5446.03},{"text":"of","start":5446.03,"end":5446.15},{"text":"free","start":5446.15,"end":5446.47},{"text":"trade","start":5446.47,"end":5446.79},{"text":"and","start":5446.79,"end":5447.03},{"text":"customary","start":5447.03,"end":5447.83},{"text":"rules","start":5448.07,"end":5448.55},{"text":"should","start":5448.79,"end":5449.11},{"text":"be","start":5449.11,"end":5449.19},{"text":"developed","start":5449.19,"end":5449.99},{"text":"through","start":5450.07,"end":5450.39},{"text":"state","start":5450.39,"end":5450.87},{"text":"practice","start":5451.11,"end":5451.67},{"text":"and","start":5451.83,"end":5452.11},{"text":"agreement","start":5452.11,"end":5452.63},{"text":"among","start":5452.63,"end":5452.95},{"text":"state,","start":5452.95,"end":5453.43},{"text":"while","start":5453.63,"end":5454.07},{"text":"international","start":5454.07,"end":5454.71},{"text":"mechanisms","start":5454.71,"end":5455.43},{"text":"should","start":5455.59,"end":5456.63},{"text":"support","start":5456.87,"end":5457.75},{"text":"and","start":5457.83,"end":5458.19},{"text":"complement","start":5458.23,"end":5459.03},{"text":"national","start":5459.03,"end":5459.83},{"text":"effort.","start":5460.07,"end":5460.63}]},{"text":"As a state party to the Rome Statute, Nigeria supports the principle of complementarity.","start":5461.15,"end":5467.19,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5461.15,"end":5461.23},{"text":"a","start":5461.23,"end":5461.27},{"text":"state","start":5461.27,"end":5461.67},{"text":"party","start":5461.67,"end":5462.19},{"text":"to","start":5462.19,"end":5462.27},{"text":"the","start":5462.27,"end":5462.35},{"text":"Rome","start":5462.35,"end":5462.63},{"text":"Statute,","start":5462.63,"end":5463.11},{"text":"Nigeria","start":5463.43,"end":5464.07},{"text":"supports","start":5464.07,"end":5464.79},{"text":"the","start":5464.79,"end":5464.91},{"text":"principle","start":5464.95,"end":5465.67},{"text":"of","start":5465.83,"end":5465.99},{"text":"complementarity.","start":5465.99,"end":5467.19}]},{"text":"National court bears the primary responsibility to prosecute serious violations.","start":5467.35,"end":5474.07,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Accountability","start":5482.83,"end":5483.59},{"text":"must","start":5483.59,"end":5483.91},{"text":"also","start":5483.91,"end":5484.27},{"text":"be","start":5484.27,"end":5484.43},{"text":"pursued","start":5484.43,"end":5485.07},{"text":"consistently","start":5485.07,"end":5486.03},{"text":"in","start":5486.11,"end":5486.43},{"text":"all","start":5486.43,"end":5486.67},{"text":"situations.","start":5486.67,"end":5487.59}]},{"text":"Selective application weakens international humanitarian law.","start":5487.87,"end":5492.23,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Selective","start":5487.87,"end":5488.59},{"text":"application","start":5488.59,"end":5489.31},{"text":"weakens","start":5489.47,"end":5490.11},{"text":"international","start":5490.11,"end":5490.91},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5491.07,"end":5491.75},{"text":"law.","start":5491.75,"end":5492.23}]},{"text":"Nigeria supports capacity building and technical assistance for developing countries in the dissemination and implementation of international humanitarian law, including for armed forces, judges, prosecutors, and national humanitarian authority, and welcomes the continued cooperation of International Committee of the Red Cross in that regard.","start":5493.43,"end":5516.31,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5493.43,"end":5493.79},{"text":"supports","start":5493.79,"end":5494.39},{"text":"capacity","start":5494.39,"end":5494.91},{"text":"building","start":5494.91,"end":5495.43},{"text":"and","start":5495.43,"end":5495.63},{"text":"technical","start":5495.63,"end":5496.15},{"text":"assistance","start":5496.15,"end":5496.75},{"text":"for","start":5496.75,"end":5496.95},{"text":"developing","start":5496.95,"end":5497.59},{"text":"countries","start":5497.59,"end":5498.15},{"text":"in","start":5498.39,"end":5498.55},{"text":"the","start":5498.55,"end":5498.63},{"text":"dissemination","start":5498.63,"end":5499.51},{"text":"and","start":5499.51,"end":5499.63},{"text":"implementation","start":5499.63,"end":5500.63},{"text":"of","start":5500.79,"end":5501.03},{"text":"international","start":5501.03,"end":5501.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5501.83,"end":5502.55},{"text":"law,","start":5502.55,"end":5502.91},{"text":"including","start":5503.11,"end":5503.83},{"text":"for","start":5503.83,"end":5504.15},{"text":"armed","start":5504.15,"end":5504.39},{"text":"forces,","start":5504.39,"end":5504.95},{"text":"judges,","start":5505.11,"end":5505.75},{"text":"prosecutors,","start":5505.95,"end":5506.71},{"text":"and","start":5506.87,"end":5507.07},{"text":"national","start":5507.07,"end":5507.51},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5507.51,"end":5508.31},{"text":"authority,","start":5508.47,"end":5509.27},{"text":"and","start":5509.51,"end":5509.71},{"text":"welcomes","start":5509.71,"end":5510.47},{"text":"the","start":5510.63,"end":5510.79},{"text":"continued","start":5510.79,"end":5511.51},{"text":"cooperation","start":5511.51,"end":5512.23},{"text":"of","start":5512.39,"end":5512.55},{"text":"International","start":5512.55,"end":5513.19},{"text":"Committee","start":5513.19,"end":5513.83},{"text":"of","start":5513.99,"end":5514.15},{"text":"the","start":5514.15,"end":5514.23},{"text":"Red","start":5514.23,"end":5514.47},{"text":"Cross","start":5514.47,"end":5514.87},{"text":"in","start":5515.11,"end":5515.35},{"text":"that","start":5515.35,"end":5515.75},{"text":"regard.","start":5515.75,"end":5516.31}]},{"text":"Nigeria remains committed to the Geneva Convention and the additional protocols and to protecting the victims of armed conflict.","start":5519.07,"end":5528.11,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":5519.07,"end":5519.47},{"text":"remains","start":5519.47,"end":5520.03},{"text":"committed","start":5520.03,"end":5520.55},{"text":"to","start":5520.55,"end":5520.75},{"text":"the","start":5520.75,"end":5520.83},{"text":"Geneva","start":5520.83,"end":5521.23},{"text":"Convention","start":5521.23,"end":5522.03},{"text":"and","start":5522.27,"end":5522.47},{"text":"the","start":5522.47,"end":5522.55},{"text":"additional","start":5522.55,"end":5523.07},{"text":"protocols","start":5523.07,"end":5523.79},{"text":"and","start":5524.03,"end":5524.31},{"text":"to","start":5524.43,"end":5524.67},{"text":"protecting","start":5524.67,"end":5525.55},{"text":"the","start":5525.55,"end":5525.75},{"text":"victims","start":5526.03,"end":5526.67},{"text":"of","start":5526.67,"end":5526.99},{"text":"armed","start":5526.99,"end":5527.35},{"text":"conflict.","start":5527.55,"end":5528.11}]},{"text":"We will continue to give effect to these obligations in accordance with our constitution and national law, and to work with other states towards universal respect for international humanitarian law.","start":5528.59,"end":5542.99,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. 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The Maldives thanks the Secretary-General for his report on the status of the Additional Protocols to the Geneva Convention of 1949.","start":5568.66,"end":5577.3,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5568.66,"end":5568.98},{"text":"you,","start":5568.98,"end":5569.06},{"text":"Chair.","start":5569.06,"end":5569.42},{"text":"The","start":5569.86,"end":5569.98},{"text":"Maldives","start":5569.98,"end":5570.42},{"text":"thanks","start":5570.42,"end":5570.7},{"text":"the","start":5570.7,"end":5570.78},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5570.78,"end":5571.62},{"text":"for","start":5571.62,"end":5571.78},{"text":"his","start":5571.78,"end":5571.94},{"text":"report","start":5571.94,"end":5572.42},{"text":"on","start":5572.42,"end":5572.54},{"text":"the","start":5572.54,"end":5572.62},{"text":"status","start":5572.62,"end":5573.14},{"text":"of","start":5573.14,"end":5573.3},{"text":"the","start":5573.3,"end":5573.42},{"text":"Additional","start":5573.42,"end":5573.86},{"text":"Protocols","start":5573.86,"end":5574.5},{"text":"to","start":5574.5,"end":5574.66},{"text":"the","start":5574.66,"end":5574.78},{"text":"Geneva","start":5574.78,"end":5575.22},{"text":"Convention","start":5575.22,"end":5576.02},{"text":"of","start":5576.02,"end":5576.18},{"text":"1949.","start":5576.18,"end":5577.3}]},{"text":"The Maldives welcomes the efforts outlined in the report to strengthen the implementation of international humanitarian law, including through national legislation, military manuals and training, investigations and prosecution.","start":5577.99,"end":5590.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5577.99,"end":5578.15},{"text":"Maldives","start":5578.15,"end":5578.55},{"text":"welcomes","start":5578.55,"end":5578.95},{"text":"the","start":5578.95,"end":5579.07},{"text":"efforts","start":5579.07,"end":5579.59},{"text":"outlined","start":5579.59,"end":5580.07},{"text":"in","start":5580.07,"end":5580.15},{"text":"the","start":5580.15,"end":5580.27},{"text":"report","start":5580.27,"end":5580.71},{"text":"to","start":5580.71,"end":5580.79},{"text":"strengthen","start":5580.79,"end":5581.27},{"text":"the","start":5581.27,"end":5581.39},{"text":"implementation","start":5581.39,"end":5582.27},{"text":"of","start":5582.27,"end":5582.39},{"text":"international","start":5582.39,"end":5583.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5583.11,"end":5583.83},{"text":"law,","start":5583.83,"end":5584.15},{"text":"including","start":5584.47,"end":5584.99},{"text":"through","start":5584.99,"end":5585.19},{"text":"national","start":5585.19,"end":5585.63},{"text":"legislation,","start":5585.63,"end":5586.47},{"text":"military","start":5586.79,"end":5587.27},{"text":"manuals","start":5587.27,"end":5587.75},{"text":"and","start":5587.75,"end":5587.87},{"text":"training,","start":5587.87,"end":5588.39},{"text":"investigations","start":5588.55,"end":5589.51},{"text":"and","start":5589.51,"end":5589.67},{"text":"prosecution.","start":5589.67,"end":5590.47}]},{"text":"These instruments represent a fundamental commitment by the international community to protect human life and dignity during armed conflict.","start":5591.19,"end":5599.27,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":5591.19,"end":5591.51},{"text":"instruments","start":5591.51,"end":5592.07},{"text":"represent","start":5592.07,"end":5592.63},{"text":"a","start":5592.63,"end":5592.71},{"text":"fundamental","start":5592.71,"end":5593.35},{"text":"commitment","start":5593.35,"end":5593.99},{"text":"by","start":5593.99,"end":5594.15},{"text":"the","start":5594.15,"end":5594.27},{"text":"international","start":5594.27,"end":5594.95},{"text":"community","start":5594.95,"end":5595.59},{"text":"to","start":5595.59,"end":5595.71},{"text":"protect","start":5595.71,"end":5596.15},{"text":"human","start":5596.15,"end":5596.55},{"text":"life","start":5596.55,"end":5596.95},{"text":"and","start":5596.95,"end":5597.15},{"text":"dignity","start":5597.15,"end":5597.75},{"text":"during","start":5597.91,"end":5598.31},{"text":"armed","start":5598.31,"end":5598.63},{"text":"conflict.","start":5598.63,"end":5599.27}]},{"text":"Despite broad recognition of the principles of the protocols, civilians continue to bear the heaviest consequences of armed conflict.","start":5600.59,"end":5608.27,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Despite","start":5600.59,"end":5601.07},{"text":"broad","start":5601.07,"end":5601.39},{"text":"recognition","start":5601.39,"end":5602.11},{"text":"of","start":5602.11,"end":5602.27},{"text":"the","start":5602.27,"end":5602.35},{"text":"principles","start":5602.35,"end":5602.95},{"text":"of","start":5602.95,"end":5603.07},{"text":"the","start":5603.07,"end":5603.15},{"text":"protocols,","start":5603.15,"end":5603.87},{"text":"civilians","start":5604.11,"end":5604.91},{"text":"continue","start":5604.91,"end":5605.39},{"text":"to","start":5605.39,"end":5605.55},{"text":"bear","start":5605.55,"end":5605.79},{"text":"the","start":5605.79,"end":5605.91},{"text":"heaviest","start":5605.91,"end":5606.31},{"text":"consequences","start":5606.31,"end":5607.15},{"text":"of","start":5607.15,"end":5607.39},{"text":"armed","start":5607.39,"end":5607.67},{"text":"conflict.","start":5607.67,"end":5608.27}]},{"text":"The principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution must be upheld and all parties must take necessary measures to protect civilians from the effects of hostilities.","start":5609.07,"end":5621.07,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5609.07,"end":5609.15},{"text":"principles","start":5609.15,"end":5609.87},{"text":"of","start":5609.87,"end":5609.95},{"text":"distinction,","start":5609.95,"end":5610.75},{"text":"proportionality,","start":5611.03,"end":5612.27},{"text":"and","start":5612.43,"end":5612.67},{"text":"precaution","start":5612.67,"end":5613.39},{"text":"must","start":5613.55,"end":5613.95},{"text":"be","start":5613.95,"end":5614.19},{"text":"upheld","start":5614.19,"end":5614.75},{"text":"and","start":5614.75,"end":5615.07},{"text":"all","start":5615.07,"end":5615.31},{"text":"parties","start":5615.31,"end":5616.03},{"text":"must","start":5616.03,"end":5616.55},{"text":"take","start":5616.55,"end":5616.83},{"text":"necessary","start":5616.83,"end":5617.39},{"text":"measures","start":5617.39,"end":5617.95},{"text":"to","start":5617.95,"end":5618.07},{"text":"protect","start":5618.07,"end":5618.51},{"text":"civilians","start":5618.51,"end":5619.15},{"text":"from","start":5619.15,"end":5619.39},{"text":"the","start":5619.39,"end":5619.47},{"text":"effects","start":5619.47,"end":5619.95},{"text":"of","start":5619.95,"end":5620.19},{"text":"hostilities.","start":5620.19,"end":5621.07}]},{"text":"These initiatives are important steps towards ensuring that states fulfill their obligations.","start":5621.87,"end":5627.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":5621.87,"end":5622.19},{"text":"initiatives","start":5622.19,"end":5623.07},{"text":"are","start":5623.07,"end":5623.15},{"text":"important","start":5623.15,"end":5623.71},{"text":"steps","start":5623.71,"end":5624.19},{"text":"towards","start":5624.19,"end":5624.59},{"text":"ensuring","start":5624.59,"end":5625.15},{"text":"that","start":5625.15,"end":5625.31},{"text":"states","start":5625.31,"end":5625.79},{"text":"fulfill","start":5625.79,"end":5626.19},{"text":"their","start":5626.19,"end":5626.47},{"text":"obligations.","start":5626.47,"end":5627.47}]},{"text":"However, the continued scale of civilian suffering raises a fundamental concern.","start":5628.47,"end":5633.59,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":5628.47,"end":5629.11},{"text":"the","start":5629.43,"end":5629.55},{"text":"continued","start":5629.55,"end":5630.15},{"text":"scale","start":5630.15,"end":5630.47},{"text":"of","start":5630.47,"end":5630.55},{"text":"civilian","start":5630.55,"end":5631.03},{"text":"suffering","start":5631.03,"end":5631.67},{"text":"raises","start":5631.67,"end":5632.15},{"text":"a","start":5632.15,"end":5632.23},{"text":"fundamental","start":5632.23,"end":5632.95},{"text":"concern.","start":5632.95,"end":5633.59}]},{"text":"The existence of legal frameworks does not necessarily translate into effective protection on the ground.","start":5634.55,"end":5640.79,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5634.55,"end":5634.67},{"text":"existence","start":5634.67,"end":5635.35},{"text":"of","start":5635.39,"end":5635.51},{"text":"legal","start":5635.51,"end":5635.83},{"text":"frameworks","start":5635.83,"end":5636.55},{"text":"does","start":5636.55,"end":5636.87},{"text":"not","start":5636.87,"end":5637.11},{"text":"necessarily","start":5637.11,"end":5637.91},{"text":"translate","start":5637.91,"end":5638.71},{"text":"into","start":5638.71,"end":5638.99},{"text":"effective","start":5638.99,"end":5639.43},{"text":"protection","start":5639.43,"end":5640.07},{"text":"on","start":5640.07,"end":5640.23},{"text":"the","start":5640.23,"end":5640.35},{"text":"ground.","start":5640.35,"end":5640.79}]},{"text":"Implementation requires states to incorporate their obligations, international law, operational planning, training and accountability mechanisms.","start":5641.35,"end":5650.87,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Implementation","start":5641.35,"end":5642.31},{"text":"requires","start":5642.31,"end":5642.79},{"text":"states","start":5642.79,"end":5643.27},{"text":"to","start":5643.27,"end":5643.43},{"text":"incorporate","start":5643.43,"end":5644.07},{"text":"their","start":5644.07,"end":5644.27},{"text":"obligations,","start":5644.27,"end":5645.03},{"text":"international","start":5645.03,"end":5646.15},{"text":"law,","start":5646.51,"end":5646.59},{"text":"operational","start":5646.59,"end":5647.27},{"text":"planning,","start":5647.27,"end":5647.91},{"text":"training","start":5648.15,"end":5648.79},{"text":"and","start":5648.87,"end":5649.03},{"text":"accountability","start":5649.03,"end":5649.83},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":5649.83,"end":5650.87}]},{"text":"The priority must therefore be to close the gap between commitments and implementation.","start":5651.59,"end":5656.95,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5651.59,"end":5651.75},{"text":"priority","start":5651.75,"end":5652.31},{"text":"must","start":5652.31,"end":5652.59},{"text":"therefore","start":5652.59,"end":5653.19},{"text":"be","start":5653.35,"end":5653.59},{"text":"to","start":5653.59,"end":5653.75},{"text":"close","start":5653.75,"end":5654.07},{"text":"the","start":5654.07,"end":5654.19},{"text":"gap","start":5654.19,"end":5654.47},{"text":"between","start":5654.47,"end":5654.95},{"text":"commitments","start":5654.95,"end":5655.75},{"text":"and","start":5655.75,"end":5655.91},{"text":"implementation.","start":5655.91,"end":5656.95}]},{"text":"which must be the measure of commitment.","start":5657.31,"end":5660.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"which","start":5657.31,"end":5657.63},{"text":"must","start":5657.63,"end":5658.67},{"text":"be","start":5658.91,"end":5659.07},{"text":"the","start":5659.07,"end":5659.19},{"text":"measure","start":5659.19,"end":5659.67},{"text":"of","start":5659.67,"end":5659.87},{"text":"commitment.","start":5659.87,"end":5660.43}]},{"text":"The changing nature of armed conflict presents further challenges to the effective implementation of international humanitarian law.","start":5661.23,"end":5668.99,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5661.23,"end":5661.43},{"text":"changing","start":5661.43,"end":5661.87},{"text":"nature","start":5661.87,"end":5662.35},{"text":"of","start":5662.35,"end":5662.59},{"text":"armed","start":5662.59,"end":5662.91},{"text":"conflict","start":5662.91,"end":5663.47},{"text":"presents","start":5663.47,"end":5664.03},{"text":"further","start":5664.03,"end":5664.43},{"text":"challenges","start":5664.43,"end":5665.07},{"text":"to","start":5665.07,"end":5665.19},{"text":"the","start":5665.19,"end":5665.27},{"text":"effective","start":5665.27,"end":5665.83},{"text":"implementation","start":5665.83,"end":5666.83},{"text":"of","start":5666.83,"end":5667.07},{"text":"international","start":5667.07,"end":5667.79},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5667.79,"end":5668.67},{"text":"law.","start":5668.67,"end":5668.99}]},{"text":"The use of cyber operations, AI, and autonomous weapons systems raises important questions about how existing protections can be upheld as military capabilities evolve.","start":5669.95,"end":5682.15,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5669.95,"end":5670.07},{"text":"use","start":5670.11,"end":5670.39},{"text":"of","start":5670.39,"end":5670.51},{"text":"cyber","start":5670.51,"end":5670.95},{"text":"operations,","start":5670.95,"end":5671.87},{"text":"AI,","start":5671.95,"end":5672.51},{"text":"and","start":5672.59,"end":5672.79},{"text":"autonomous","start":5672.79,"end":5673.35},{"text":"weapons","start":5673.35,"end":5674.03},{"text":"systems","start":5674.11,"end":5674.87},{"text":"raises","start":5674.87,"end":5675.39},{"text":"important","start":5675.39,"end":5675.95},{"text":"questions","start":5675.95,"end":5676.59},{"text":"about","start":5676.83,"end":5677.15},{"text":"how","start":5677.15,"end":5677.39},{"text":"existing","start":5677.39,"end":5677.95},{"text":"protections","start":5677.95,"end":5678.67},{"text":"can","start":5678.67,"end":5678.91},{"text":"be","start":5678.91,"end":5679.07},{"text":"upheld","start":5679.07,"end":5679.63},{"text":"as","start":5679.95,"end":5680.19},{"text":"military","start":5680.19,"end":5680.75},{"text":"capabilities","start":5680.75,"end":5681.63},{"text":"evolve.","start":5681.63,"end":5682.15}]},{"text":"States should assess new weapons, means, and methods of warfare for compliance with international humanitarian law before their use.","start":5682.91,"end":5691.31,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"States","start":5682.91,"end":5683.39},{"text":"should","start":5683.39,"end":5683.51},{"text":"assess","start":5683.51,"end":5683.95},{"text":"new","start":5683.95,"end":5684.11},{"text":"weapons,","start":5684.11,"end":5684.91},{"text":"means,","start":5684.91,"end":5685.55},{"text":"and","start":5685.79,"end":5685.99},{"text":"methods","start":5685.99,"end":5686.43},{"text":"of","start":5686.43,"end":5686.59},{"text":"warfare","start":5686.59,"end":5687.03},{"text":"for","start":5687.03,"end":5687.23},{"text":"compliance","start":5687.23,"end":5688.03},{"text":"with","start":5688.19,"end":5688.43},{"text":"international","start":5688.43,"end":5689.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5689.15,"end":5689.87},{"text":"law","start":5689.87,"end":5690.11},{"text":"before","start":5690.19,"end":5690.59},{"text":"their","start":5690.59,"end":5690.83},{"text":"use.","start":5690.91,"end":5691.31}]},{"text":"Technological developments must not weaken established legal obligations.","start":5692.35,"end":5696.75,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Technological","start":5692.35,"end":5693.15},{"text":"developments","start":5693.15,"end":5693.87},{"text":"must","start":5693.87,"end":5694.15},{"text":"not","start":5694.15,"end":5694.35},{"text":"weaken","start":5694.35,"end":5694.83},{"text":"established","start":5694.83,"end":5695.43},{"text":"legal","start":5695.43,"end":5695.79},{"text":"obligations.","start":5695.79,"end":5696.75}]},{"text":"The Maldives supports dialogue and cooperation that strengthens states' capacity to apply those obligations to new technologies.","start":5697.15,"end":5705.63,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5697.15,"end":5697.27},{"text":"Maldives","start":5697.27,"end":5697.63},{"text":"supports","start":5697.63,"end":5698.19},{"text":"dialogue","start":5698.19,"end":5698.67},{"text":"and","start":5698.67,"end":5698.91},{"text":"cooperation","start":5698.91,"end":5699.79},{"text":"that","start":5700.03,"end":5700.27},{"text":"strengthens","start":5700.27,"end":5701.31},{"text":"states'","start":5701.39,"end":5701.95},{"text":"capacity","start":5701.95,"end":5702.67},{"text":"to","start":5702.67,"end":5702.75},{"text":"apply","start":5702.75,"end":5703.15},{"text":"those","start":5703.15,"end":5703.55},{"text":"obligations","start":5703.55,"end":5704.35},{"text":"to","start":5704.35,"end":5704.51},{"text":"new","start":5704.51,"end":5704.67},{"text":"technologies.","start":5704.67,"end":5705.63}]},{"text":"Ultimately, the credibility of international humanitarian law depends not only on the strength of its rules, but on the consistency with which they are applied.","start":5706.31,"end":5716.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Ultimately,","start":5706.31,"end":5707.11},{"text":"the","start":5707.11,"end":5707.31},{"text":"credibility","start":5707.31,"end":5708.07},{"text":"of","start":5708.07,"end":5708.23},{"text":"international","start":5708.23,"end":5708.95},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5708.95,"end":5709.75},{"text":"law","start":5709.75,"end":5710.07},{"text":"depends","start":5710.07,"end":5710.71},{"text":"not","start":5710.71,"end":5711.03},{"text":"only","start":5711.03,"end":5711.59},{"text":"on","start":5711.83,"end":5711.95},{"text":"the","start":5711.95,"end":5712.07},{"text":"strength","start":5712.07,"end":5712.43},{"text":"of","start":5712.47,"end":5712.63},{"text":"its","start":5712.63,"end":5712.87},{"text":"rules,","start":5712.87,"end":5713.35},{"text":"but","start":5713.59,"end":5713.91},{"text":"on","start":5713.91,"end":5714.07},{"text":"the","start":5714.07,"end":5714.19},{"text":"consistency","start":5714.19,"end":5715.11},{"text":"with","start":5715.11,"end":5715.27},{"text":"which","start":5715.27,"end":5715.59},{"text":"they","start":5715.59,"end":5715.83},{"text":"are","start":5715.83,"end":5715.91},{"text":"applied.","start":5715.91,"end":5716.47}]},{"text":"International law is a vital safeguard where power is unequal.","start":5717.83,"end":5722.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"International","start":5717.83,"end":5718.75},{"text":"law","start":5718.75,"end":5718.83},{"text":"is","start":5718.87,"end":5719.11},{"text":"a","start":5719.11,"end":5719.15},{"text":"vital","start":5719.15,"end":5719.51},{"text":"safeguard","start":5719.51,"end":5720.31},{"text":"where","start":5720.43,"end":5720.71},{"text":"power","start":5720.71,"end":5721.19},{"text":"is","start":5721.19,"end":5721.43},{"text":"unequal.","start":5721.43,"end":5722.07}]},{"text":"Its rules must protect civilians and civilian infrastructure consistently, regardless of where the conflict occurs or who the parties are.","start":5722.55,"end":5732.07,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":5722.55,"end":5722.87},{"text":"rules","start":5722.87,"end":5723.27},{"text":"must","start":5723.27,"end":5723.55},{"text":"protect","start":5723.55,"end":5723.91},{"text":"civilians","start":5723.91,"end":5724.67},{"text":"and","start":5724.67,"end":5724.87},{"text":"civilian","start":5724.87,"end":5725.35},{"text":"infrastructure","start":5725.35,"end":5726.27},{"text":"consistently,","start":5726.31,"end":5727.35},{"text":"regardless","start":5727.67,"end":5728.55},{"text":"of","start":5728.55,"end":5728.67},{"text":"where","start":5728.67,"end":5728.83},{"text":"the","start":5728.83,"end":5728.95},{"text":"conflict","start":5728.95,"end":5729.51},{"text":"occurs","start":5729.51,"end":5730.71},{"text":"or","start":5730.71,"end":5730.99},{"text":"who","start":5730.99,"end":5731.19},{"text":"the","start":5731.19,"end":5731.31},{"text":"parties","start":5731.31,"end":5731.91},{"text":"are.","start":5731.91,"end":5732.07}]},{"text":"These concerns are particularly urgent in Palestine.","start":5732.79,"end":5736.07,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":5732.79,"end":5733.11},{"text":"concerns","start":5733.11,"end":5733.91},{"text":"are","start":5733.91,"end":5733.99},{"text":"particularly","start":5733.99,"end":5734.79},{"text":"urgent","start":5734.79,"end":5735.27},{"text":"in","start":5735.27,"end":5735.43},{"text":"Palestine.","start":5735.43,"end":5736.07}]},{"text":"The devastating humanitarian consequences of the conflict in Gaza underscore the human cost when the protections afforded by international humanitarian law are not upheld.","start":5736.55,"end":5747.59,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5736.55,"end":5736.71},{"text":"devastating","start":5736.71,"end":5737.43},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5737.43,"end":5738.23},{"text":"consequences","start":5738.23,"end":5739.23},{"text":"of","start":5739.23,"end":5739.35},{"text":"the","start":5739.35,"end":5739.51},{"text":"conflict","start":5739.51,"end":5740.07},{"text":"in","start":5740.07,"end":5740.23},{"text":"Gaza","start":5740.23,"end":5740.71},{"text":"underscore","start":5741.11,"end":5741.67},{"text":"the","start":5741.67,"end":5741.83},{"text":"human","start":5741.83,"end":5742.23},{"text":"cost","start":5742.23,"end":5742.71},{"text":"when","start":5742.71,"end":5742.87},{"text":"the","start":5742.87,"end":5742.99},{"text":"protections","start":5742.99,"end":5743.67},{"text":"afforded","start":5743.67,"end":5744.31},{"text":"by","start":5744.47,"end":5744.71},{"text":"international","start":5744.71,"end":5745.43},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5745.43,"end":5746.15},{"text":"law","start":5746.15,"end":5746.59},{"text":"are","start":5746.59,"end":5746.67},{"text":"not","start":5746.67,"end":5746.95},{"text":"upheld.","start":5746.95,"end":5747.59}]},{"text":"The Maldives stresses that civilians, medical personnel and humanitarian workers must be protected and that humanitarian assistance must be allowed to reach those in need safely, rapidly and at scale.","start":5748.47,"end":5762.87,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5748.47,"end":5748.63},{"text":"Maldives","start":5748.63,"end":5749.03},{"text":"stresses","start":5749.03,"end":5749.51},{"text":"that","start":5749.51,"end":5749.75},{"text":"civilians,","start":5749.75,"end":5750.55},{"text":"medical","start":5750.55,"end":5751.03},{"text":"personnel","start":5751.03,"end":5751.75},{"text":"and","start":5751.75,"end":5751.91},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5751.91,"end":5752.55},{"text":"workers","start":5752.55,"end":5753.19},{"text":"must","start":5753.35,"end":5753.83},{"text":"be","start":5753.83,"end":5753.99},{"text":"protected","start":5753.99,"end":5754.71},{"text":"and","start":5754.95,"end":5755.15},{"text":"that","start":5755.15,"end":5755.27},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5755.27,"end":5756.63},{"text":"assistance","start":5756.79,"end":5757.43},{"text":"must","start":5757.67,"end":5758.15},{"text":"be","start":5758.15,"end":5758.39},{"text":"allowed","start":5758.39,"end":5758.79},{"text":"to","start":5758.79,"end":5758.99},{"text":"reach","start":5758.99,"end":5759.27},{"text":"those","start":5759.27,"end":5759.59},{"text":"in","start":5759.59,"end":5759.79},{"text":"need","start":5759.79,"end":5760.07},{"text":"safely,","start":5760.31,"end":5761.19},{"text":"rapidly","start":5761.19,"end":5761.91},{"text":"and","start":5761.91,"end":5762.27},{"text":"at","start":5762.27,"end":5762.39},{"text":"scale.","start":5762.39,"end":5762.87}]},{"text":"Respect for international humanitarian law must be accompanied by accountability wherever serious violations occur.","start":5764.23,"end":5771.35,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Respect","start":5764.23,"end":5764.71},{"text":"for","start":5764.71,"end":5764.83},{"text":"international","start":5764.83,"end":5765.51},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5765.51,"end":5766.15},{"text":"law","start":5766.15,"end":5766.47},{"text":"must","start":5766.71,"end":5767.19},{"text":"be","start":5767.19,"end":5767.39},{"text":"accompanied","start":5767.39,"end":5767.99},{"text":"by","start":5767.99,"end":5768.23},{"text":"accountability","start":5768.23,"end":5769.27},{"text":"wherever","start":5769.27,"end":5769.83},{"text":"serious","start":5769.83,"end":5770.31},{"text":"violations","start":5770.31,"end":5771.03},{"text":"occur.","start":5771.03,"end":5771.35}]},{"text":"Alleged violations should be investigated promptly and effectively, and those responsible held accountable in accordance with international law.","start":5772.03,"end":5780.83,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Alleged","start":5772.03,"end":5772.51},{"text":"violations","start":5772.51,"end":5773.39},{"text":"should","start":5773.39,"end":5773.63},{"text":"be","start":5773.63,"end":5773.87},{"text":"investigated","start":5773.87,"end":5774.63},{"text":"promptly","start":5774.63,"end":5775.23},{"text":"and","start":5775.23,"end":5775.43},{"text":"effectively,","start":5775.43,"end":5776.19},{"text":"and","start":5776.51,"end":5776.71},{"text":"those","start":5776.71,"end":5776.87},{"text":"responsible","start":5776.87,"end":5777.71},{"text":"held","start":5777.71,"end":5778.03},{"text":"accountable","start":5778.03,"end":5778.83},{"text":"in","start":5778.83,"end":5778.99},{"text":"accordance","start":5778.99,"end":5779.63},{"text":"with","start":5779.63,"end":5779.79},{"text":"international","start":5779.79,"end":5780.63},{"text":"law.","start":5780.63,"end":5780.83}]},{"text":"In this regard, we recognize the role of appropriate international and national mechanisms in addressing violations and combating impunity, in accordance with their respective mandates.","start":5781.63,"end":5792.59,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5781.63,"end":5781.75},{"text":"this","start":5781.75,"end":5781.95},{"text":"regard,","start":5781.95,"end":5782.43},{"text":"we","start":5782.59,"end":5782.71},{"text":"recognize","start":5782.71,"end":5783.31},{"text":"the","start":5783.31,"end":5783.39},{"text":"role","start":5783.39,"end":5783.71},{"text":"of","start":5783.71,"end":5783.87},{"text":"appropriate","start":5783.87,"end":5784.59},{"text":"international","start":5784.59,"end":5785.39},{"text":"and","start":5785.39,"end":5785.59},{"text":"national","start":5785.59,"end":5786.03},{"text":"mechanisms","start":5786.03,"end":5786.83},{"text":"in","start":5786.99,"end":5787.23},{"text":"addressing","start":5787.23,"end":5787.67},{"text":"violations","start":5787.67,"end":5788.47},{"text":"and","start":5788.47,"end":5788.67},{"text":"combating","start":5788.67,"end":5789.23},{"text":"impunity,","start":5789.23,"end":5789.95},{"text":"in","start":5790.43,"end":5790.59},{"text":"accordance","start":5790.59,"end":5791.15},{"text":"with","start":5791.15,"end":5791.27},{"text":"their","start":5791.31,"end":5791.51},{"text":"respective","start":5791.51,"end":5792.03},{"text":"mandates.","start":5792.03,"end":5792.59}]},{"text":"The principles enshrined in the Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols must be upheld consistently wherever conflict occurs and whoever is affected.","start":5793.31,"end":5803.47,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5793.31,"end":5793.43},{"text":"principles","start":5793.43,"end":5794.03},{"text":"enshrined","start":5794.03,"end":5794.51},{"text":"in","start":5794.51,"end":5794.59},{"text":"the","start":5794.59,"end":5794.71},{"text":"Geneva","start":5794.71,"end":5795.15},{"text":"Conventions","start":5795.15,"end":5796.03},{"text":"and","start":5796.27,"end":5796.55},{"text":"their","start":5796.55,"end":5796.67},{"text":"additional","start":5796.67,"end":5797.07},{"text":"protocols","start":5797.07,"end":5797.79},{"text":"must","start":5797.79,"end":5798.19},{"text":"be","start":5798.19,"end":5798.39},{"text":"upheld","start":5798.39,"end":5798.91},{"text":"consistently","start":5798.91,"end":5799.95},{"text":"wherever","start":5800.15,"end":5800.75},{"text":"conflict","start":5800.75,"end":5801.31},{"text":"occurs","start":5801.31,"end":5801.95},{"text":"and","start":5801.95,"end":5802.19},{"text":"whoever","start":5802.19,"end":5802.71},{"text":"is","start":5802.71,"end":5802.91},{"text":"affected.","start":5802.91,"end":5803.47}]},{"text":"The Maldives calls on all states to uphold the Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols, strengthen their implementation, and build the national capacity needed to translate humanitarian law into protection on the ground.","start":5804.35,"end":5817.63,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for 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Geneva Convention reminds us that even in the darkest moments of conflict, humanity must not be lost.","start":5818.03,"end":5824.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5818.03,"end":5818.19},{"text":"Geneva","start":5818.19,"end":5818.59},{"text":"Convention","start":5818.59,"end":5819.31},{"text":"reminds","start":5819.31,"end":5819.83},{"text":"us","start":5819.83,"end":5819.95},{"text":"that","start":5819.95,"end":5820.19},{"text":"even","start":5820.19,"end":5820.59},{"text":"in","start":5820.59,"end":5820.67},{"text":"the","start":5820.67,"end":5820.79},{"text":"darkest","start":5820.79,"end":5821.23},{"text":"moments","start":5821.23,"end":5821.71},{"text":"of","start":5821.75,"end":5821.87},{"text":"conflict,","start":5821.87,"end":5822.43},{"text":"humanity","start":5822.67,"end":5823.39},{"text":"must","start":5823.39,"end":5823.63},{"text":"not","start":5823.63,"end":5823.79},{"text":"be","start":5823.79,"end":5824.03},{"text":"lost.","start":5824.03,"end":5824.43}]},{"text":"Thank 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floor to the distinguished representative of Germany.","start":5829.79,"end":5832.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5829.79,"end":5829.83},{"text":"give","start":5829.83,"end":5830.03},{"text":"the","start":5830.03,"end":5830.11},{"text":"floor","start":5830.11,"end":5830.51},{"text":"to","start":5830.51,"end":5830.63},{"text":"the","start":5830.67,"end":5830.79},{"text":"distinguished","start":5830.79,"end":5831.27},{"text":"representative","start":5831.27,"end":5832.11},{"text":"of","start":5832.11,"end":5832.19},{"text":"Germany.","start":5832.27,"end":5832.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":38,"start":5843.82,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:37:24","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair, distinguished delegates.","start":5843.82,"end":5845.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5843.82,"end":5844.02},{"text":"you,","start":5844.02,"end":5844.1},{"text":"Madam","start":5844.1,"end":5844.3},{"text":"Chair,","start":5844.3,"end":5844.7},{"text":"distinguished","start":5844.9,"end":5845.42},{"text":"delegates.","start":5845.42,"end":5845.98}]},{"text":"Germany aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the European Union and its Member States and would like to add the following remarks in its national capacity.","start":5846.95,"end":5854.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Germany","start":5846.95,"end":5847.43},{"text":"aligns","start":5847.43,"end":5847.79},{"text":"itself","start":5847.79,"end":5848.15},{"text":"with","start":5848.15,"end":5848.27},{"text":"the","start":5848.27,"end":5848.35},{"text":"statement","start":5848.35,"end":5848.71},{"text":"delivered","start":5848.71,"end":5849.07},{"text":"on","start":5849.07,"end":5849.19},{"text":"behalf","start":5849.19,"end":5849.51},{"text":"of","start":5849.51,"end":5849.59},{"text":"the","start":5849.59,"end":5849.67},{"text":"European","start":5849.67,"end":5850.15},{"text":"Union","start":5850.15,"end":5850.51},{"text":"and","start":5850.51,"end":5850.63},{"text":"its","start":5850.63,"end":5850.79},{"text":"Member","start":5850.79,"end":5851.03},{"text":"States","start":5851.03,"end":5851.51},{"text":"and","start":5851.51,"end":5851.71},{"text":"would","start":5851.71,"end":5851.83},{"text":"like","start":5851.83,"end":5851.99},{"text":"to","start":5851.99,"end":5852.11},{"text":"add","start":5852.11,"end":5852.23},{"text":"the","start":5852.23,"end":5852.39},{"text":"following","start":5852.39,"end":5852.75},{"text":"remarks","start":5852.75,"end":5853.19},{"text":"in","start":5853.19,"end":5853.27},{"text":"its","start":5853.27,"end":5853.43},{"text":"national","start":5853.43,"end":5853.75},{"text":"capacity.","start":5853.75,"end":5854.47}]},{"text":"We thank the Secretary-General for his report contained in document A/81/290.","start":5855.91,"end":5861.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5855.91,"end":5855.99},{"text":"thank","start":5855.99,"end":5856.23},{"text":"the","start":5856.23,"end":5856.47},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":5856.47,"end":5857.35},{"text":"for","start":5857.35,"end":5857.51},{"text":"his","start":5857.51,"end":5857.67},{"text":"report","start":5857.67,"end":5858.11},{"text":"contained","start":5858.11,"end":5858.51},{"text":"in","start":5858.51,"end":5858.59},{"text":"document","start":5858.59,"end":5859.11},{"text":"A/81/290.","start":5859.11,"end":5861.63}]},{"text":"We warmly congratulate Andorra on its accession to all three Additional Protocols and on its declaration under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Next year, we will mark the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the Additional Protocols of 1977, which remain the cornerstone of the protection of victims of armed conflict.","start":5862.87,"end":5881.67,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5862.87,"end":5863.27},{"text":"warmly","start":5863.35,"end":5863.75},{"text":"congratulate","start":5863.75,"end":5864.35},{"text":"Andorra","start":5864.35,"end":5864.87},{"text":"on","start":5864.87,"end":5865.03},{"text":"its","start":5865.03,"end":5865.19},{"text":"accession","start":5865.19,"end":5865.67},{"text":"to","start":5865.67,"end":5865.83},{"text":"all","start":5865.83,"end":5866.07},{"text":"three","start":5866.07,"end":5866.23},{"text":"Additional","start":5866.23,"end":5866.63},{"text":"Protocols","start":5866.63,"end":5867.35},{"text":"and","start":5867.35,"end":5867.51},{"text":"on","start":5867.51,"end":5867.67},{"text":"its","start":5867.67,"end":5867.79},{"text":"declaration","start":5867.79,"end":5868.39},{"text":"under","start":5868.39,"end":5868.59},{"text":"Article","start":5868.59,"end":5868.95},{"text":"90","start":5868.95,"end":5869.35},{"text":"of","start":5869.35,"end":5869.43},{"text":"Additional","start":5869.43,"end":5869.83},{"text":"Protocol","start":5869.83,"end":5870.39},{"text":"I.","start":5870.39,"end":5870.47},{"text":"Next","start":5872.31,"end":5872.67},{"text":"year,","start":5872.67,"end":5872.87},{"text":"we","start":5872.87,"end":5873.03},{"text":"will","start":5873.03,"end":5873.15},{"text":"mark","start":5873.15,"end":5873.35},{"text":"the","start":5873.35,"end":5873.43},{"text":"50th","start":5873.43,"end":5873.83},{"text":"anniversary","start":5873.83,"end":5874.27},{"text":"of","start":5874.27,"end":5874.39},{"text":"the","start":5874.39,"end":5874.47},{"text":"adoption","start":5874.47,"end":5874.87},{"text":"of","start":5874.87,"end":5874.99},{"text":"the","start":5874.99,"end":5875.07},{"text":"Additional","start":5875.07,"end":5875.43},{"text":"Protocols","start":5875.43,"end":5876.15},{"text":"of","start":5876.15,"end":5876.31},{"text":"1977,","start":5876.31,"end":5877.51},{"text":"which","start":5877.55,"end":5877.83},{"text":"remain","start":5877.83,"end":5878.07},{"text":"the","start":5878.07,"end":5878.19},{"text":"cornerstone","start":5878.19,"end":5879.03},{"text":"of","start":5879.03,"end":5879.19},{"text":"the","start":5879.19,"end":5879.27},{"text":"protection","start":5879.27,"end":5879.75},{"text":"of","start":5879.75,"end":5879.87},{"text":"victims","start":5879.87,"end":5880.47},{"text":"of","start":5880.55,"end":5880.79},{"text":"armed","start":5880.79,"end":5881.03},{"text":"conflict.","start":5881.03,"end":5881.67}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Germany commends the International Committee of the Red Cross for launching the Global Initiative to Galvanize Political Support to International Humanitarian Law.","start":5883.67,"end":5892.55,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5883.67,"end":5883.91},{"text":"Chair,","start":5883.91,"end":5884.23},{"text":"Germany","start":5884.47,"end":5884.95},{"text":"commends","start":5884.95,"end":5885.43},{"text":"the","start":5885.43,"end":5885.55},{"text":"International","start":5885.59,"end":5886.27},{"text":"Committee","start":5886.27,"end":5886.67},{"text":"of","start":5886.67,"end":5886.79},{"text":"the","start":5886.79,"end":5886.91},{"text":"Red","start":5886.91,"end":5887.07},{"text":"Cross","start":5887.07,"end":5887.59},{"text":"for","start":5887.59,"end":5887.75},{"text":"launching","start":5887.75,"end":5888.23},{"text":"the","start":5888.23,"end":5888.31},{"text":"Global","start":5888.31,"end":5888.63},{"text":"Initiative","start":5888.63,"end":5889.19},{"text":"to","start":5889.19,"end":5889.31},{"text":"Galvanize","start":5889.31,"end":5889.91},{"text":"Political","start":5889.91,"end":5890.39},{"text":"Support","start":5890.39,"end":5890.99},{"text":"to","start":5890.99,"end":5891.07},{"text":"International","start":5891.07,"end":5891.63},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":5891.63,"end":5892.23},{"text":"Law.","start":5892.23,"end":5892.55}]},{"text":"With more than 160 states participating, The initiative sends a strong signal that respect for international humanitarian law is a shared responsibility across all regions.","start":5893.03,"end":5903.39,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":5893.03,"end":5893.19},{"text":"more","start":5893.19,"end":5893.59},{"text":"than","start":5893.59,"end":5893.91},{"text":"160","start":5893.91,"end":5894.43},{"text":"states","start":5894.47,"end":5894.83},{"text":"participating,","start":5894.83,"end":5895.75},{"text":"The","start":5896.43,"end":5896.47},{"text":"initiative","start":5896.47,"end":5896.99},{"text":"sends","start":5896.99,"end":5897.27},{"text":"a","start":5897.27,"end":5897.31},{"text":"strong","start":5897.31,"end":5897.63},{"text":"signal","start":5897.63,"end":5898.11},{"text":"that","start":5898.11,"end":5898.27},{"text":"respect","start":5898.27,"end":5898.91},{"text":"for","start":5898.91,"end":5899.07},{"text":"international","start":5899.07,"end":5899.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5899.55,"end":5900.11},{"text":"law","start":5900.11,"end":5900.35},{"text":"is","start":5900.51,"end":5900.75},{"text":"a","start":5900.75,"end":5900.79},{"text":"shared","start":5900.79,"end":5901.11},{"text":"responsibility","start":5901.11,"end":5902.19},{"text":"across","start":5902.19,"end":5902.59},{"text":"all","start":5902.59,"end":5902.75},{"text":"regions.","start":5902.75,"end":5903.39}]},{"text":"We look forward to its high-level conference on humanity in war in Jordan this December.","start":5904.03,"end":5909.95,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5904.03,"end":5904.19},{"text":"look","start":5904.19,"end":5904.35},{"text":"forward","start":5904.35,"end":5904.71},{"text":"to","start":5904.71,"end":5904.83},{"text":"its","start":5904.83,"end":5904.99},{"text":"high-level","start":5904.99,"end":5905.47},{"text":"conference","start":5905.47,"end":5906.11},{"text":"on","start":5906.11,"end":5907.15},{"text":"humanity","start":5907.55,"end":5908.07},{"text":"in","start":5908.07,"end":5908.19},{"text":"war","start":5908.19,"end":5908.51},{"text":"in","start":5908.51,"end":5908.75},{"text":"Jordan","start":5908.75,"end":5909.15},{"text":"this","start":5909.15,"end":5909.35},{"text":"December.","start":5909.35,"end":5909.95}]},{"text":"Political commitment to international humanitarian law, however, must be matched by accountability when its rules are violated.","start":5911.63,"end":5918.35,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Political","start":5911.63,"end":5912.15},{"text":"commitment","start":5912.15,"end":5912.71},{"text":"to","start":5912.71,"end":5912.83},{"text":"international","start":5912.83,"end":5913.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5913.35,"end":5913.95},{"text":"law,","start":5913.95,"end":5914.03},{"text":"however,","start":5914.03,"end":5914.59},{"text":"must","start":5914.83,"end":5915.07},{"text":"be","start":5915.07,"end":5915.23},{"text":"matched","start":5915.23,"end":5915.55},{"text":"by","start":5915.55,"end":5915.75},{"text":"accountability","start":5915.75,"end":5916.75},{"text":"when","start":5916.79,"end":5917.03},{"text":"its","start":5917.03,"end":5917.23},{"text":"rules","start":5917.23,"end":5917.51},{"text":"are","start":5917.51,"end":5917.59},{"text":"violated.","start":5917.59,"end":5918.35}]},{"text":"Adherence to the additional protocols is only meaningful if states parties honor the obligations they have undertaken including the obligation to repress grave breaches.","start":5919.15,"end":5929.31,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Adherence","start":5919.15,"end":5919.71},{"text":"to","start":5919.71,"end":5919.83},{"text":"the","start":5919.83,"end":5919.91},{"text":"additional","start":5919.91,"end":5920.27},{"text":"protocols","start":5920.27,"end":5920.83},{"text":"is","start":5920.83,"end":5920.99},{"text":"only","start":5920.99,"end":5921.31},{"text":"meaningful","start":5921.31,"end":5922.03},{"text":"if","start":5922.27,"end":5922.43},{"text":"states","start":5922.43,"end":5922.75},{"text":"parties","start":5922.75,"end":5923.23},{"text":"honor","start":5923.23,"end":5923.55},{"text":"the","start":5923.55,"end":5923.67},{"text":"obligations","start":5923.67,"end":5924.35},{"text":"they","start":5924.35,"end":5924.51},{"text":"have","start":5924.51,"end":5924.67},{"text":"undertaken","start":5924.67,"end":5925.39},{"text":"including","start":5925.87,"end":5926.43},{"text":"the","start":5926.43,"end":5926.55},{"text":"obligation","start":5926.55,"end":5927.15},{"text":"to","start":5927.15,"end":5927.27},{"text":"repress","start":5927.27,"end":5928.43},{"text":"grave","start":5928.43,"end":5928.71},{"text":"breaches.","start":5928.71,"end":5929.31}]},{"text":"This is why the International Criminal Court is indispensable.","start":5931.47,"end":5935.07,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5931.47,"end":5931.71},{"text":"is","start":5931.71,"end":5931.87},{"text":"why","start":5931.87,"end":5932.19},{"text":"the","start":5932.27,"end":5932.55},{"text":"International","start":5932.55,"end":5933.23},{"text":"Criminal","start":5933.23,"end":5933.55},{"text":"Court","start":5933.55,"end":5933.95},{"text":"is","start":5933.95,"end":5934.19},{"text":"indispensable.","start":5934.19,"end":5935.07}]},{"text":"Germany reaffirms its continued and unwavering support for the independence, impartiality and integrity of the Court.","start":5935.95,"end":5941.95,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Germany","start":5935.95,"end":5936.43},{"text":"reaffirms","start":5936.43,"end":5936.99},{"text":"its","start":5936.99,"end":5937.15},{"text":"continued","start":5937.15,"end":5937.71},{"text":"and","start":5937.71,"end":5937.87},{"text":"unwavering","start":5937.87,"end":5938.39},{"text":"support","start":5938.39,"end":5938.83},{"text":"for","start":5938.83,"end":5938.99},{"text":"the","start":5938.99,"end":5939.11},{"text":"independence,","start":5939.11,"end":5939.87},{"text":"impartiality","start":5939.87,"end":5940.79},{"text":"and","start":5940.79,"end":5940.91},{"text":"integrity","start":5940.91,"end":5941.35},{"text":"of","start":5941.35,"end":5941.47},{"text":"the","start":5941.47,"end":5941.59},{"text":"Court.","start":5941.59,"end":5941.95}]},{"text":"Together with partners, Germany stated last week that we regret and strongly disagree with the announced sanctions against the Court.","start":5942.59,"end":5948.75,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Together","start":5942.59,"end":5942.95},{"text":"with","start":5942.95,"end":5943.07},{"text":"partners,","start":5943.07,"end":5943.71},{"text":"Germany","start":5943.79,"end":5944.27},{"text":"stated","start":5944.27,"end":5944.59},{"text":"last","start":5944.59,"end":5944.87},{"text":"week","start":5944.87,"end":5945.11},{"text":"that","start":5945.11,"end":5945.31},{"text":"we","start":5945.31,"end":5945.43},{"text":"regret","start":5945.43,"end":5945.95},{"text":"and","start":5945.95,"end":5946.11},{"text":"strongly","start":5946.11,"end":5946.51},{"text":"disagree","start":5946.51,"end":5946.95},{"text":"with","start":5946.95,"end":5947.07},{"text":"the","start":5947.07,"end":5947.15},{"text":"announced","start":5947.15,"end":5947.51},{"text":"sanctions","start":5947.51,"end":5947.95},{"text":"against","start":5947.95,"end":5948.27},{"text":"the","start":5948.27,"end":5948.35},{"text":"Court.","start":5948.35,"end":5948.75}]},{"text":"Such sanctions have a significant impact on the Court's work, on its dedicated staff and their families, who work every day to bring those accused of the most serious international crimes to justice and to support their victims.","start":5949.39,"end":5961.39,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":5949.39,"end":5950.19},{"text":"sanctions","start":5950.19,"end":5950.83},{"text":"have","start":5950.83,"end":5951.07},{"text":"a","start":5951.07,"end":5951.15},{"text":"significant","start":5951.15,"end":5951.71},{"text":"impact","start":5951.71,"end":5952.11},{"text":"on","start":5952.11,"end":5952.19},{"text":"the","start":5952.19,"end":5952.31},{"text":"Court's","start":5952.31,"end":5952.67},{"text":"work,","start":5952.67,"end":5952.91},{"text":"on","start":5953.15,"end":5953.31},{"text":"its","start":5953.31,"end":5953.47},{"text":"dedicated","start":5953.47,"end":5953.95},{"text":"staff","start":5953.95,"end":5954.27},{"text":"and","start":5954.27,"end":5954.39},{"text":"their","start":5954.39,"end":5954.51},{"text":"families,","start":5954.51,"end":5955.15},{"text":"who","start":5955.39,"end":5955.47},{"text":"work","start":5955.47,"end":5955.87},{"text":"every","start":5955.87,"end":5956.11},{"text":"day","start":5956.11,"end":5956.35},{"text":"to","start":5956.35,"end":5956.47},{"text":"bring","start":5956.47,"end":5956.67},{"text":"those","start":5956.67,"end":5956.99},{"text":"accused","start":5956.99,"end":5957.43},{"text":"of","start":5957.43,"end":5957.55},{"text":"the","start":5957.55,"end":5957.67},{"text":"most","start":5957.67,"end":5957.87},{"text":"serious","start":5957.87,"end":5958.27},{"text":"international","start":5958.27,"end":5958.79},{"text":"crimes","start":5958.79,"end":5959.07},{"text":"to","start":5959.07,"end":5959.23},{"text":"justice","start":5959.23,"end":5959.79},{"text":"and","start":5960.11,"end":5960.31},{"text":"to","start":5960.31,"end":5960.39},{"text":"support","start":5960.39,"end":5960.75},{"text":"their","start":5960.75,"end":5960.91},{"text":"victims.","start":5960.91,"end":5961.39}]},{"text":"Two weeks ago, Germany's Foreign Minister, Johann Walter, visited the Court in The Hague together with his Dutch counterpart to underline this support.","start":5963.11,"end":5970.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Two","start":5963.11,"end":5963.27},{"text":"weeks","start":5963.27,"end":5963.55},{"text":"ago,","start":5963.55,"end":5963.87},{"text":"Germany's","start":5963.87,"end":5964.35},{"text":"Foreign","start":5964.35,"end":5964.55},{"text":"Minister,","start":5964.55,"end":5964.91},{"text":"Johann","start":5964.91,"end":5965.19},{"text":"Walter,","start":5965.19,"end":5965.71},{"text":"visited","start":5965.71,"end":5966.11},{"text":"the","start":5966.11,"end":5966.23},{"text":"Court","start":5966.23,"end":5966.51},{"text":"in","start":5966.51,"end":5966.59},{"text":"The","start":5966.59,"end":5966.71},{"text":"Hague","start":5966.71,"end":5966.99},{"text":"together","start":5967.15,"end":5967.55},{"text":"with","start":5967.55,"end":5967.71},{"text":"his","start":5967.71,"end":5967.87},{"text":"Dutch","start":5967.87,"end":5968.03},{"text":"counterpart","start":5968.03,"end":5968.75},{"text":"to","start":5969.15,"end":5969.27},{"text":"underline","start":5969.27,"end":5969.79},{"text":"this","start":5969.79,"end":5969.95},{"text":"support.","start":5969.95,"end":5970.51}]},{"text":"As the Court's second largest contributor, Germany will do its part to ensure that the Court can continue to fulfill its mandate under the Rome Statute.","start":5970.99,"end":5978.03,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5970.99,"end":5971.19},{"text":"the","start":5971.19,"end":5971.31},{"text":"Court's","start":5971.31,"end":5971.67},{"text":"second","start":5971.67,"end":5971.91},{"text":"largest","start":5971.91,"end":5972.27},{"text":"contributor,","start":5972.27,"end":5972.83},{"text":"Germany","start":5972.83,"end":5973.39},{"text":"will","start":5973.39,"end":5973.55},{"text":"do","start":5973.55,"end":5973.71},{"text":"its","start":5973.71,"end":5973.91},{"text":"part","start":5973.91,"end":5974.23},{"text":"to","start":5974.23,"end":5974.31},{"text":"ensure","start":5974.31,"end":5974.75},{"text":"that","start":5974.75,"end":5974.91},{"text":"the","start":5974.91,"end":5975.03},{"text":"Court","start":5975.03,"end":5975.31},{"text":"can","start":5975.31,"end":5975.43},{"text":"continue","start":5975.43,"end":5975.87},{"text":"to","start":5975.87,"end":5976.03},{"text":"fulfill","start":5976.03,"end":5976.43},{"text":"its","start":5976.43,"end":5976.55},{"text":"mandate","start":5976.55,"end":5976.95},{"text":"under","start":5976.95,"end":5977.19},{"text":"the","start":5977.19,"end":5977.27},{"text":"Rome","start":5977.27,"end":5977.47},{"text":"Statute.","start":5977.47,"end":5978.03}]},{"text":"Madam Chair.","start":5979.07,"end":5979.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5979.07,"end":5979.39},{"text":"Chair.","start":5979.39,"end":5979.79}]},{"text":"The idea that those responsible for the gravest crimes must answer for them before a court was born in Nuremberg in 1945.","start":5980.55,"end":5988.95,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5980.55,"end":5980.67},{"text":"idea","start":5980.67,"end":5980.95},{"text":"that","start":5980.95,"end":5981.11},{"text":"those","start":5981.11,"end":5981.31},{"text":"responsible","start":5981.31,"end":5981.91},{"text":"for","start":5981.91,"end":5982.07},{"text":"the","start":5982.07,"end":5982.19},{"text":"gravest","start":5982.19,"end":5982.59},{"text":"crimes","start":5982.59,"end":5983.11},{"text":"must","start":5983.11,"end":5983.51},{"text":"answer","start":5983.51,"end":5984.39},{"text":"for","start":5984.79,"end":5985.03},{"text":"them","start":5985.03,"end":5985.43},{"text":"before","start":5985.51,"end":5985.91},{"text":"a","start":5985.91,"end":5985.95},{"text":"court","start":5985.95,"end":5986.39},{"text":"was","start":5986.39,"end":5986.63},{"text":"born","start":5986.63,"end":5987.11},{"text":"in","start":5987.35,"end":5987.47},{"text":"Nuremberg","start":5987.47,"end":5987.95},{"text":"in","start":5987.95,"end":5988.03},{"text":"1945.","start":5988.03,"end":5988.95}]},{"text":"For Germany, standing up for international criminal justice and for the International Criminal Court is therefore not only a matter of conviction, but a historical responsibility.","start":5990.95,"end":5999.11,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":5990.95,"end":5991.11},{"text":"Germany,","start":5991.11,"end":5991.59},{"text":"standing","start":5991.59,"end":5992.03},{"text":"up","start":5992.03,"end":5992.15},{"text":"for","start":5992.15,"end":5992.27},{"text":"international","start":5992.27,"end":5992.79},{"text":"criminal","start":5992.79,"end":5993.11},{"text":"justice","start":5993.11,"end":5993.75},{"text":"and","start":5993.75,"end":5993.91},{"text":"for","start":5993.91,"end":5994.07},{"text":"the","start":5994.07,"end":5994.15},{"text":"International","start":5994.15,"end":5994.63},{"text":"Criminal","start":5994.63,"end":5994.95},{"text":"Court","start":5994.95,"end":5995.19},{"text":"is","start":5995.19,"end":5995.27},{"text":"therefore","start":5995.27,"end":5995.59},{"text":"not","start":5995.59,"end":5995.79},{"text":"only","start":5995.79,"end":5996.03},{"text":"a","start":5996.03,"end":5996.07},{"text":"matter","start":5996.07,"end":5996.27},{"text":"of","start":5996.27,"end":5996.39},{"text":"conviction,","start":5996.39,"end":5996.95},{"text":"but","start":5997.27,"end":5997.47},{"text":"a","start":5997.47,"end":5997.51},{"text":"historical","start":5997.51,"end":5998.07},{"text":"responsibility.","start":5998.07,"end":5999.11}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":5999.51,"end":6000.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5999.51,"end":5999.67},{"text":"thank","start":5999.67,"end":5999.99},{"text":"you.","start":5999.99,"end":6000.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"DEU","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Germany"}},{"statement_number":39,"start":6001.75,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:40:02","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Germany for his statement.","start":6001.75,"end":6005.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6001.75,"end":6001.83},{"text":"thank","start":6001.91,"end":6002.11},{"text":"the","start":6002.11,"end":6002.19},{"text":"distinguished","start":6002.19,"end":6002.79},{"text":"representative","start":6002.79,"end":6003.59},{"text":"of","start":6003.59,"end":6003.67},{"text":"Germany","start":6003.67,"end":6004.23},{"text":"for","start":6004.23,"end":6004.51},{"text":"his","start":6004.51,"end":6004.67},{"text":"statement.","start":6004.67,"end":6005.35}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of El Salvador.","start":6005.35,"end":6008.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6005.35,"end":6005.43},{"text":"give","start":6005.43,"end":6005.63},{"text":"the","start":6005.63,"end":6005.75},{"text":"floor","start":6005.75,"end":6006.07},{"text":"to","start":6006.07,"end":6006.19},{"text":"the","start":6006.19,"end":6006.27},{"text":"distinguished","start":6006.27,"end":6006.79},{"text":"representative","start":6006.79,"end":6007.51},{"text":"of","start":6007.55,"end":6007.67},{"text":"El","start":6007.67,"end":6007.83},{"text":"Salvador.","start":6007.83,"end":6008.55}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":40,"start":6011.63,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:40:12","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Madam Chairman.","start":6011.63,"end":6014.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6011.63,"end":6012.11},{"text":"you","start":6012.11,"end":6012.35},{"text":"very","start":6012.91,"end":6013.23},{"text":"much,","start":6013.23,"end":6013.71},{"text":"Madam","start":6013.71,"end":6013.95},{"text":"Chairman.","start":6013.95,"end":6014.35}]},{"text":"My delegation would like to welcome the presentation of report A/81/290, which contains the measures adopted by States in order to strengthen the existing system of IHL and to promote its dissemination and implementation at the national level.","start":6014.83,"end":6036.11,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":6014.83,"end":6015.07},{"text":"delegation","start":6015.07,"end":6015.87},{"text":"would","start":6015.87,"end":6016.03},{"text":"like","start":6016.03,"end":6016.35},{"text":"to","start":6016.35,"end":6016.67},{"text":"welcome","start":6016.67,"end":6017.15},{"text":"the","start":6017.15,"end":6017.35},{"text":"presentation","start":6017.39,"end":6018.27},{"text":"of","start":6018.35,"end":6018.51},{"text":"report","start":6018.51,"end":6018.91},{"text":"A/81/290,","start":6018.91,"end":6021.11},{"text":"which","start":6022.43,"end":6023.07},{"text":"contains","start":6024.43,"end":6025.15},{"text":"the","start":6025.15,"end":6025.23},{"text":"measures","start":6025.23,"end":6025.63},{"text":"adopted","start":6025.63,"end":6026.11},{"text":"by","start":6026.11,"end":6026.27},{"text":"States","start":6026.27,"end":6026.71},{"text":"in","start":6026.71,"end":6026.83},{"text":"order","start":6026.83,"end":6027.07},{"text":"to","start":6027.07,"end":6027.19},{"text":"strengthen","start":6027.19,"end":6027.75},{"text":"the","start":6027.75,"end":6027.83},{"text":"existing","start":6027.83,"end":6028.51},{"text":"system","start":6028.51,"end":6028.99},{"text":"of","start":6028.99,"end":6029.07},{"text":"IHL","start":6029.07,"end":6029.79},{"text":"and","start":6030.11,"end":6030.39},{"text":"to","start":6030.39,"end":6030.51},{"text":"promote","start":6030.51,"end":6030.99},{"text":"its","start":6030.99,"end":6031.23},{"text":"dissemination","start":6031.23,"end":6032.27},{"text":"and","start":6032.35,"end":6032.51},{"text":"implementation","start":6032.51,"end":6033.39},{"text":"at","start":6033.47,"end":6033.63},{"text":"the","start":6033.63,"end":6033.71},{"text":"national","start":6033.71,"end":6034.59},{"text":"level.","start":6035.23,"end":6036.11}]},{"text":"is, as always, firmly committed to the protection of the victims of armed conflict and to the effective implementation of IHL, including by strengthening national capacity to disseminate, teach and implement it.","start":6036.55,"end":6056.95,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"is,","start":6036.55,"end":6037.11},{"text":"as","start":6037.27,"end":6037.51},{"text":"always,","start":6037.51,"end":6037.91},{"text":"firmly","start":6037.91,"end":6038.39},{"text":"committed","start":6038.39,"end":6038.91},{"text":"to","start":6038.91,"end":6039.03},{"text":"the","start":6039.03,"end":6039.15},{"text":"protection","start":6039.15,"end":6039.91},{"text":"of","start":6039.91,"end":6040.31},{"text":"the","start":6040.31,"end":6040.43},{"text":"victims","start":6040.47,"end":6041.07},{"text":"of","start":6041.07,"end":6041.19},{"text":"armed","start":6041.19,"end":6041.39},{"text":"conflict","start":6041.39,"end":6042.07},{"text":"and","start":6042.55,"end":6042.95},{"text":"to","start":6042.95,"end":6043.19},{"text":"the","start":6043.51,"end":6043.71},{"text":"effective","start":6043.71,"end":6044.79},{"text":"implementation","start":6044.79,"end":6045.67},{"text":"of","start":6045.67,"end":6045.75},{"text":"IHL,","start":6045.75,"end":6046.47},{"text":"including","start":6047.35,"end":6048.07},{"text":"by","start":6048.31,"end":6048.79},{"text":"strengthening","start":6048.95,"end":6049.83},{"text":"national","start":6049.99,"end":6050.55},{"text":"capacity","start":6050.55,"end":6051.35},{"text":"to","start":6051.91,"end":6052.55},{"text":"disseminate,","start":6053.59,"end":6054.55},{"text":"teach","start":6055.27,"end":6055.83},{"text":"and","start":6055.91,"end":6056.23},{"text":"implement","start":6056.23,"end":6056.71},{"text":"it.","start":6056.71,"end":6056.95}]},{"text":"In this context, we would like to highlight the progress achieved by El Salvador's Inter-Institutional Committee of IHL.","start":6058.91,"end":6067.87,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6058.91,"end":6059.03},{"text":"this","start":6059.03,"end":6059.23},{"text":"context,","start":6059.23,"end":6059.83},{"text":"we","start":6059.87,"end":6060.19},{"text":"would","start":6060.19,"end":6060.39},{"text":"like","start":6060.39,"end":6060.63},{"text":"to","start":6060.63,"end":6060.75},{"text":"highlight","start":6060.75,"end":6061.47},{"text":"the","start":6061.87,"end":6062.11},{"text":"progress","start":6062.35,"end":6063.07},{"text":"achieved","start":6063.07,"end":6063.79},{"text":"by","start":6063.79,"end":6064.19},{"text":"El","start":6064.19,"end":6064.43},{"text":"Salvador's","start":6064.43,"end":6065.07},{"text":"Inter-Institutional","start":6065.07,"end":6066.19},{"text":"Committee","start":6066.19,"end":6066.67},{"text":"of","start":6066.67,"end":6066.83},{"text":"IHL.","start":6067.07,"end":6067.87}]},{"text":"This is an advisory body to the government when it comes to the adaptation, implementation, and dissemination of knowledge on this legal system, particularly the Geneva Conventions and its additional protocols, their additional protocols.","start":6068.67,"end":6083.47,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6068.67,"end":6068.99},{"text":"is","start":6068.99,"end":6069.23},{"text":"an","start":6069.43,"end":6069.63},{"text":"advisory","start":6069.63,"end":6070.19},{"text":"body","start":6070.19,"end":6070.59},{"text":"to","start":6070.59,"end":6070.75},{"text":"the","start":6070.75,"end":6070.87},{"text":"government","start":6070.87,"end":6071.43},{"text":"when","start":6071.43,"end":6071.87},{"text":"it","start":6072.23,"end":6072.31},{"text":"comes","start":6072.31,"end":6072.67},{"text":"to","start":6072.67,"end":6072.79},{"text":"the","start":6072.79,"end":6072.91},{"text":"adaptation,","start":6072.91,"end":6073.71},{"text":"implementation,","start":6073.99,"end":6074.91},{"text":"and","start":6075.39,"end":6075.95},{"text":"dissemination","start":6076.11,"end":6077.27},{"text":"of","start":6077.27,"end":6077.35},{"text":"knowledge","start":6077.35,"end":6077.95},{"text":"on","start":6077.95,"end":6078.11},{"text":"this","start":6078.11,"end":6078.43},{"text":"legal","start":6078.51,"end":6078.83},{"text":"system,","start":6078.83,"end":6079.27},{"text":"particularly","start":6079.27,"end":6079.91},{"text":"the","start":6079.91,"end":6079.99},{"text":"Geneva","start":6079.99,"end":6080.35},{"text":"Conventions","start":6080.35,"end":6080.99},{"text":"and","start":6080.99,"end":6081.11},{"text":"its","start":6081.11,"end":6081.31},{"text":"additional","start":6081.31,"end":6081.71},{"text":"protocols,","start":6081.71,"end":6082.31},{"text":"their","start":6082.43,"end":6082.63},{"text":"additional","start":6082.63,"end":6082.95},{"text":"protocols.","start":6082.95,"end":6083.47}]},{"text":"This inter-institutional committee is a valuable tool for coordination, which makes it possible to weave together what is being done by the various state institutions and the Salvadoran Red Cross, strengthening national capacities and promoting a shared understanding of the obligations stemming from IHL.","start":6084.15,"end":6106.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6107.47,"end":6107.55},{"text":"this","start":6107.55,"end":6107.75},{"text":"framework,","start":6107.75,"end":6108.47},{"text":"various","start":6108.71,"end":6109.51},{"text":"capacity","start":6109.59,"end":6110.19},{"text":"building","start":6110.19,"end":6110.71},{"text":"and","start":6110.71,"end":6111.11},{"text":"dissemination","start":6111.11,"end":6111.83},{"text":"activities","start":6111.83,"end":6112.71},{"text":"have","start":6112.87,"end":6113.43},{"text":"been","start":6113.91,"end":6114.15},{"text":"rolled","start":6114.15,"end":6114.47},{"text":"out","start":6114.47,"end":6114.79},{"text":"for","start":6114.79,"end":6115.15},{"text":"international","start":6115.15,"end":6115.91},{"text":"institutions,","start":6115.91,"end":6116.87},{"text":"armed","start":6117.27,"end":6117.51},{"text":"forces","start":6117.51,"end":6117.95},{"text":"personnel,","start":6117.95,"end":6118.79},{"text":"members","start":6120.15,"end":6120.63},{"text":"of","start":6120.63,"end":6120.79},{"text":"the","start":6120.79,"end":6120.99},{"text":"Salvadoran","start":6121.51,"end":6122.31},{"text":"Red","start":6122.55,"end":6122.79},{"text":"Cross.","start":6122.79,"end":6123.51}]},{"text":"Amongst these, we would point to four workshops on IHL and its relation with the ICRC and the Red Crescent, which has made it possible to train 131 people, including administrative staff and volunteers of the Red Cross.","start":6125.07,"end":6144.59,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Amongst","start":6125.07,"end":6125.67},{"text":"these,","start":6125.79,"end":6126.03},{"text":"we","start":6126.03,"end":6126.43},{"text":"would","start":6126.43,"end":6127.15},{"text":"point","start":6127.23,"end":6127.75},{"text":"to","start":6127.75,"end":6128.03},{"text":"four","start":6128.27,"end":6128.59},{"text":"workshops","start":6128.99,"end":6130.11},{"text":"on","start":6130.43,"end":6130.75},{"text":"IHL","start":6130.75,"end":6131.55},{"text":"and","start":6131.71,"end":6131.99},{"text":"its","start":6131.99,"end":6132.27},{"text":"relation","start":6132.75,"end":6133.91},{"text":"with","start":6133.91,"end":6134.23},{"text":"the","start":6134.23,"end":6134.31},{"text":"ICRC","start":6134.43,"end":6135.35},{"text":"and","start":6135.35,"end":6135.47},{"text":"the","start":6135.47,"end":6135.55},{"text":"Red","start":6135.55,"end":6135.79},{"text":"Crescent,","start":6135.79,"end":6136.67},{"text":"which","start":6136.95,"end":6137.31},{"text":"has","start":6137.39,"end":6137.55},{"text":"made","start":6137.55,"end":6137.95},{"text":"it","start":6138.11,"end":6138.35},{"text":"possible","start":6138.35,"end":6138.83},{"text":"to","start":6138.83,"end":6138.99},{"text":"train","start":6138.99,"end":6139.51},{"text":"131","start":6139.51,"end":6140.35},{"text":"people,","start":6140.35,"end":6140.67},{"text":"including","start":6140.67,"end":6141.07},{"text":"administrative","start":6141.07,"end":6141.71},{"text":"staff","start":6141.71,"end":6142.07},{"text":"and","start":6142.07,"end":6142.19},{"text":"volunteers","start":6142.19,"end":6142.99},{"text":"of","start":6143.11,"end":6143.19},{"text":"the","start":6143.31,"end":6143.43},{"text":"Red","start":6143.43,"end":6143.75},{"text":"Cross.","start":6144.03,"end":6144.59}]},{"text":"Likewise, promotion has continued on including IHL in the training of personnel involved in national defense and peacekeeping operations.","start":6145.59,"end":6157.43,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Likewise,","start":6145.59,"end":6146.47},{"text":"promotion","start":6146.71,"end":6147.35},{"text":"has","start":6147.35,"end":6147.67},{"text":"continued","start":6147.67,"end":6148.63},{"text":"on","start":6148.63,"end":6149.03},{"text":"including","start":6149.03,"end":6149.83},{"text":"IHL","start":6149.83,"end":6150.63},{"text":"in","start":6151.11,"end":6151.43},{"text":"the","start":6151.43,"end":6151.63},{"text":"training","start":6151.63,"end":6152.39},{"text":"of","start":6152.63,"end":6152.87},{"text":"personnel","start":6152.87,"end":6153.75},{"text":"involved","start":6154.31,"end":6154.79},{"text":"in","start":6154.79,"end":6154.99},{"text":"national","start":6154.99,"end":6155.35},{"text":"defense","start":6155.35,"end":6155.91},{"text":"and","start":6155.91,"end":6156.07},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":6156.07,"end":6156.67},{"text":"operations.","start":6156.67,"end":6157.43}]},{"text":"In the current context, it is just as imperative to address the challenges arising from the development of technology and the ways in which hostilities are conducted.","start":6159.99,"end":6174.63,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6159.99,"end":6160.31},{"text":"the","start":6160.31,"end":6160.47},{"text":"current","start":6160.55,"end":6160.99},{"text":"context,","start":6160.99,"end":6161.75},{"text":"it","start":6162.15,"end":6162.39},{"text":"is","start":6162.39,"end":6162.63},{"text":"just","start":6162.79,"end":6163.35},{"text":"as","start":6163.43,"end":6163.67},{"text":"imperative","start":6163.67,"end":6164.71},{"text":"to","start":6165.03,"end":6165.35},{"text":"address","start":6165.47,"end":6165.91},{"text":"the","start":6165.91,"end":6166.07},{"text":"challenges","start":6166.07,"end":6166.79},{"text":"arising","start":6166.79,"end":6167.59},{"text":"from","start":6167.67,"end":6168.15},{"text":"the","start":6168.47,"end":6168.71},{"text":"development","start":6168.75,"end":6169.79},{"text":"of","start":6169.79,"end":6169.91},{"text":"technology","start":6169.91,"end":6170.71},{"text":"and","start":6171.03,"end":6171.59},{"text":"the","start":6172.07,"end":6172.19},{"text":"ways","start":6172.47,"end":6172.79},{"text":"in","start":6172.79,"end":6172.91},{"text":"which","start":6172.91,"end":6173.27},{"text":"hostilities","start":6173.35,"end":6173.99},{"text":"are","start":6173.99,"end":6174.07},{"text":"conducted.","start":6174.07,"end":6174.63}]},{"text":"For us, El Salvador, the development of ICT, as well as activities in cyberspace, in no way diminish the relevance of the existing obligations pursuant to IHL.","start":6174.63,"end":6189.11,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6174.63,"end":6174.83},{"text":"us,","start":6174.83,"end":6174.95},{"text":"El","start":6175.03,"end":6175.19},{"text":"Salvador,","start":6175.19,"end":6175.87},{"text":"the","start":6176.15,"end":6176.23},{"text":"development","start":6176.23,"end":6176.87},{"text":"of","start":6176.87,"end":6177.03},{"text":"ICT,","start":6177.03,"end":6178.15},{"text":"as","start":6178.39,"end":6178.55},{"text":"well","start":6178.55,"end":6178.75},{"text":"as","start":6178.75,"end":6178.87},{"text":"activities","start":6178.87,"end":6179.83},{"text":"in","start":6179.83,"end":6180.07},{"text":"cyberspace,","start":6180.07,"end":6181.03},{"text":"in","start":6181.83,"end":6182.11},{"text":"no","start":6182.11,"end":6182.47},{"text":"way","start":6182.47,"end":6183.03},{"text":"diminish","start":6183.27,"end":6183.91},{"text":"the","start":6183.91,"end":6184.03},{"text":"relevance","start":6184.03,"end":6184.87},{"text":"of","start":6185.35,"end":6185.83},{"text":"the","start":6185.83,"end":6185.91},{"text":"existing","start":6185.91,"end":6186.71},{"text":"obligations","start":6186.71,"end":6187.47},{"text":"pursuant","start":6187.47,"end":6188.11},{"text":"to","start":6188.11,"end":6188.19},{"text":"IHL.","start":6188.19,"end":6189.11}]},{"text":"Quite the opposite.","start":6191.03,"end":6192.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Quite","start":6191.03,"end":6191.35},{"text":"the","start":6191.35,"end":6191.47},{"text":"opposite.","start":6191.47,"end":6192.07}]},{"text":"These new situations require a greater understanding of the way in which the norms and principles here are applied to such scenarios in order to ensure effective protection of the civilian population and civilian assets.","start":6193.43,"end":6210.87,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6193.43,"end":6193.83},{"text":"new","start":6193.83,"end":6194.15},{"text":"situations","start":6194.15,"end":6195.11},{"text":"require","start":6195.43,"end":6196.19},{"text":"a","start":6196.19,"end":6196.23},{"text":"greater","start":6196.23,"end":6196.67},{"text":"understanding","start":6196.67,"end":6197.55},{"text":"of","start":6197.55,"end":6197.67},{"text":"the","start":6197.67,"end":6197.79},{"text":"way","start":6197.79,"end":6198.07},{"text":"in","start":6198.07,"end":6198.23},{"text":"which","start":6198.23,"end":6198.71},{"text":"the","start":6198.95,"end":6199.23},{"text":"norms","start":6199.35,"end":6199.95},{"text":"and","start":6199.95,"end":6200.11},{"text":"principles","start":6200.11,"end":6200.79},{"text":"here","start":6200.79,"end":6201.03},{"text":"are","start":6201.59,"end":6201.79},{"text":"applied","start":6201.79,"end":6202.47},{"text":"to","start":6202.47,"end":6202.59},{"text":"such","start":6202.59,"end":6202.87},{"text":"scenarios","start":6202.87,"end":6203.67},{"text":"in","start":6203.99,"end":6204.23},{"text":"order","start":6204.23,"end":6204.59},{"text":"to","start":6204.59,"end":6205.03},{"text":"ensure","start":6205.07,"end":6205.75},{"text":"effective","start":6205.75,"end":6206.39},{"text":"protection","start":6206.95,"end":6207.59},{"text":"of","start":6207.59,"end":6207.67},{"text":"the","start":6207.67,"end":6207.79},{"text":"civilian","start":6207.79,"end":6208.15},{"text":"population","start":6208.15,"end":6208.95},{"text":"and","start":6208.95,"end":6209.35},{"text":"civilian","start":6209.35,"end":6210.07},{"text":"assets.","start":6210.07,"end":6210.87}]},{"text":"Here, we assert how important the fundamental principles of IHL are.","start":6211.99,"end":6218.31,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Here,","start":6211.99,"end":6212.27},{"text":"we","start":6212.87,"end":6213.11},{"text":"assert","start":6213.11,"end":6213.59},{"text":"how","start":6213.59,"end":6213.83},{"text":"important","start":6214.35,"end":6214.87},{"text":"the","start":6214.87,"end":6215.03},{"text":"fundamental","start":6215.03,"end":6215.91},{"text":"principles","start":6215.91,"end":6216.63},{"text":"of","start":6216.63,"end":6216.71},{"text":"IHL","start":6216.79,"end":6217.83},{"text":"are.","start":6217.91,"end":6218.31}]},{"text":"in particular, the principles of distinction, proportionality, and the obligation to adopt precautions to minimize the effects of hostilities on the civilian population and civilian goods, as well as the principles of neutrality and impartiality, which guide humanitarian action.","start":6219.03,"end":6239.83,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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The Kingdom of the Netherlands aligns itself with the statement delivered by the European Union on behalf of the EU and its Member States.","start":6350.63,"end":6360.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6350.63,"end":6350.95},{"text":"you,","start":6350.95,"end":6351.11},{"text":"Madam","start":6351.19,"end":6351.59},{"text":"Chair.","start":6351.59,"end":6351.87},{"text":"The","start":6352.95,"end":6353.15},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6353.15,"end":6353.55},{"text":"of","start":6353.55,"end":6353.67},{"text":"the","start":6353.67,"end":6353.75},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6353.75,"end":6354.47},{"text":"aligns","start":6354.47,"end":6354.95},{"text":"itself","start":6354.95,"end":6355.51},{"text":"with","start":6355.51,"end":6355.63},{"text":"the","start":6355.63,"end":6355.71},{"text":"statement","start":6355.71,"end":6356.19},{"text":"delivered","start":6356.19,"end":6356.63},{"text":"by","start":6356.63,"end":6356.79},{"text":"the","start":6356.79,"end":6356.87},{"text":"European","start":6356.95,"end":6357.51},{"text":"Union","start":6357.51,"end":6358.15},{"text":"on","start":6358.15,"end":6358.23},{"text":"behalf","start":6358.23,"end":6358.71},{"text":"of","start":6358.71,"end":6358.79},{"text":"the","start":6358.79,"end":6358.87},{"text":"EU","start":6358.87,"end":6359.35},{"text":"and","start":6359.35,"end":6359.59},{"text":"its","start":6359.59,"end":6359.75},{"text":"Member","start":6359.75,"end":6360.15},{"text":"States.","start":6360.15,"end":6360.79}]},{"text":"We thank the Secretary-General for report A/81/290.","start":6361.67,"end":6366.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6361.67,"end":6361.83},{"text":"thank","start":6361.83,"end":6362.11},{"text":"the","start":6362.11,"end":6362.19},{"text":"Secretary-General","start":6362.19,"end":6363.35},{"text":"for","start":6363.35,"end":6363.55},{"text":"report","start":6363.55,"end":6364.07},{"text":"A/81/290.","start":6364.07,"end":6366.83}]},{"text":"As a party to the Geneva Conventions and its Additional Protocols, The Kingdom of the Netherlands is committed to upholding and strengthening international law.","start":6368.47,"end":6378.71,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6368.47,"end":6368.59},{"text":"a","start":6368.63,"end":6368.71},{"text":"party","start":6368.71,"end":6369.27},{"text":"to","start":6369.27,"end":6369.39},{"text":"the","start":6369.39,"end":6369.47},{"text":"Geneva","start":6369.47,"end":6369.91},{"text":"Conventions","start":6369.91,"end":6370.95},{"text":"and","start":6370.95,"end":6371.15},{"text":"its","start":6371.15,"end":6371.35},{"text":"Additional","start":6371.35,"end":6371.83},{"text":"Protocols,","start":6371.83,"end":6372.79},{"text":"The","start":6373.27,"end":6373.31},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6373.31,"end":6373.67},{"text":"of","start":6373.67,"end":6373.79},{"text":"the","start":6373.79,"end":6373.87},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6373.87,"end":6374.63},{"text":"is","start":6374.63,"end":6374.79},{"text":"committed","start":6374.79,"end":6375.35},{"text":"to","start":6375.35,"end":6375.75},{"text":"upholding","start":6375.75,"end":6376.55},{"text":"and","start":6376.55,"end":6376.75},{"text":"strengthening","start":6376.75,"end":6377.51},{"text":"international","start":6377.51,"end":6378.63},{"text":"law.","start":6378.63,"end":6378.71}]},{"text":"We call upon all parties to armed conflict to respect, ensure respect for, and comply with their obligations under international humanitarian law.","start":6379.59,"end":6391.99,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6379.59,"end":6379.83},{"text":"call","start":6379.83,"end":6380.07},{"text":"upon","start":6380.11,"end":6380.47},{"text":"all","start":6380.51,"end":6380.79},{"text":"parties","start":6380.79,"end":6381.59},{"text":"to","start":6381.67,"end":6381.83},{"text":"armed","start":6381.83,"end":6382.15},{"text":"conflict","start":6382.15,"end":6382.95},{"text":"to","start":6383.27,"end":6383.51},{"text":"respect,","start":6383.67,"end":6384.55},{"text":"ensure","start":6385.11,"end":6385.63},{"text":"respect","start":6385.63,"end":6386.15},{"text":"for,","start":6386.15,"end":6386.63},{"text":"and","start":6387.11,"end":6387.35},{"text":"comply","start":6387.35,"end":6387.91},{"text":"with","start":6387.91,"end":6388.31},{"text":"their","start":6388.47,"end":6388.75},{"text":"obligations","start":6388.75,"end":6389.75},{"text":"under","start":6389.75,"end":6389.99},{"text":"international","start":6389.99,"end":6390.75},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6390.75,"end":6391.59},{"text":"law.","start":6391.75,"end":6391.99}]},{"text":"With this in mind, we would like to share the following three specific observations on the development, strengthening, implementation and promotion of international humanitarian law.","start":6393.27,"end":6405.39,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":6393.27,"end":6393.55},{"text":"this","start":6393.55,"end":6393.75},{"text":"in","start":6393.75,"end":6393.83},{"text":"mind,","start":6393.83,"end":6394.39},{"text":"we","start":6394.63,"end":6394.83},{"text":"would","start":6394.83,"end":6394.95},{"text":"like","start":6394.95,"end":6395.19},{"text":"to","start":6395.19,"end":6395.31},{"text":"share","start":6395.31,"end":6395.59},{"text":"the","start":6395.59,"end":6395.67},{"text":"following","start":6395.67,"end":6396.15},{"text":"three","start":6396.15,"end":6396.55},{"text":"specific","start":6396.55,"end":6397.35},{"text":"observations","start":6397.35,"end":6398.47},{"text":"on","start":6398.55,"end":6398.63},{"text":"the","start":6398.63,"end":6398.75},{"text":"development,","start":6398.75,"end":6399.55},{"text":"strengthening,","start":6399.91,"end":6400.87},{"text":"implementation","start":6401.35,"end":6402.55},{"text":"and","start":6402.55,"end":6402.71},{"text":"promotion","start":6402.71,"end":6403.43},{"text":"of","start":6403.47,"end":6403.67},{"text":"international","start":6403.67,"end":6404.31},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6404.31,"end":6405.11},{"text":"law.","start":6405.11,"end":6405.39}]},{"text":"First, recognizing that the implementation and strengthening of IHL is a continuous process, the Ministry of Defense of the Kingdom of the Netherlands published a revised military manual on IHL in December 2025.","start":6406.31,"end":6423.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6406.31,"end":6406.87},{"text":"recognizing","start":6407.91,"end":6408.79},{"text":"that","start":6408.79,"end":6408.95},{"text":"the","start":6408.95,"end":6409.07},{"text":"implementation","start":6409.07,"end":6410.23},{"text":"and","start":6410.23,"end":6410.43},{"text":"strengthening","start":6410.43,"end":6411.11},{"text":"of","start":6411.11,"end":6411.27},{"text":"IHL","start":6411.27,"end":6411.99},{"text":"is","start":6411.99,"end":6412.23},{"text":"a","start":6412.23,"end":6412.27},{"text":"continuous","start":6412.27,"end":6412.95},{"text":"process,","start":6412.95,"end":6413.83},{"text":"the","start":6414.15,"end":6414.31},{"text":"Ministry","start":6414.31,"end":6414.87},{"text":"of","start":6414.87,"end":6414.95},{"text":"Defense","start":6414.95,"end":6415.67},{"text":"of","start":6415.75,"end":6415.87},{"text":"the","start":6415.87,"end":6415.95},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6415.95,"end":6416.31},{"text":"of","start":6416.31,"end":6416.47},{"text":"the","start":6416.47,"end":6416.55},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6416.55,"end":6417.27},{"text":"published","start":6417.35,"end":6417.99},{"text":"a","start":6417.99,"end":6418.07},{"text":"revised","start":6418.07,"end":6418.63},{"text":"military","start":6418.63,"end":6419.15},{"text":"manual","start":6419.15,"end":6419.75},{"text":"on","start":6419.75,"end":6419.99},{"text":"IHL","start":6419.99,"end":6420.71},{"text":"in","start":6420.79,"end":6420.91},{"text":"December","start":6420.91,"end":6421.43},{"text":"2025.","start":6421.43,"end":6423.27}]},{"text":"The revised manual covers more than 160 years of the law of armed conflict.","start":6424.15,"end":6429.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6424.15,"end":6424.31},{"text":"revised","start":6424.31,"end":6424.83},{"text":"manual","start":6424.83,"end":6425.35},{"text":"covers","start":6425.35,"end":6425.75},{"text":"more","start":6425.75,"end":6425.99},{"text":"than","start":6425.99,"end":6426.15},{"text":"160","start":6426.15,"end":6427.31},{"text":"years","start":6427.35,"end":6427.91},{"text":"of","start":6427.95,"end":6428.15},{"text":"the","start":6428.15,"end":6428.23},{"text":"law","start":6428.23,"end":6428.59},{"text":"of","start":6428.59,"end":6428.71},{"text":"armed","start":6428.71,"end":6429.03},{"text":"conflict.","start":6429.03,"end":6429.75}]},{"text":"with particular attention to new developments in the cyber and space domains, as well as the use of autonomy in weapon systems.","start":6430.59,"end":6441.15,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"with","start":6430.59,"end":6430.79},{"text":"particular","start":6430.79,"end":6431.51},{"text":"attention","start":6431.51,"end":6432.19},{"text":"to","start":6432.19,"end":6432.35},{"text":"new","start":6432.35,"end":6432.59},{"text":"developments","start":6432.59,"end":6433.63},{"text":"in","start":6433.63,"end":6433.95},{"text":"the","start":6433.95,"end":6434.07},{"text":"cyber","start":6434.67,"end":6435.39},{"text":"and","start":6435.39,"end":6435.59},{"text":"space","start":6435.59,"end":6436.11},{"text":"domains,","start":6436.11,"end":6436.83},{"text":"as","start":6437.47,"end":6437.63},{"text":"well","start":6437.63,"end":6437.95},{"text":"as","start":6437.95,"end":6438.19},{"text":"the","start":6438.19,"end":6438.27},{"text":"use","start":6438.27,"end":6438.63},{"text":"of","start":6438.63,"end":6438.83},{"text":"autonomy","start":6438.83,"end":6439.55},{"text":"in","start":6439.87,"end":6440.03},{"text":"weapon","start":6440.03,"end":6440.35},{"text":"systems.","start":6440.35,"end":6441.15}]},{"text":"The updated military manual serves as an important instrument for the dissemination and effective implementation of IHL within the Dutch Armed Forces.","start":6442.19,"end":6453.63,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6442.19,"end":6442.39},{"text":"updated","start":6442.43,"end":6443.07},{"text":"military","start":6443.07,"end":6443.71},{"text":"manual","start":6443.71,"end":6444.43},{"text":"serves","start":6444.43,"end":6445.07},{"text":"as","start":6445.07,"end":6445.19},{"text":"an","start":6445.19,"end":6445.31},{"text":"important","start":6445.31,"end":6445.95},{"text":"instrument","start":6445.95,"end":6446.91},{"text":"for","start":6446.91,"end":6447.07},{"text":"the","start":6447.07,"end":6447.15},{"text":"dissemination","start":6447.15,"end":6448.27},{"text":"and","start":6448.27,"end":6448.47},{"text":"effective","start":6448.47,"end":6448.99},{"text":"implementation","start":6448.99,"end":6450.19},{"text":"of","start":6450.27,"end":6450.43},{"text":"IHL","start":6450.43,"end":6451.23},{"text":"within","start":6451.39,"end":6451.75},{"text":"the","start":6451.75,"end":6451.83},{"text":"Dutch","start":6451.83,"end":6452.27},{"text":"Armed","start":6452.27,"end":6452.67},{"text":"Forces.","start":6452.67,"end":6453.63}]},{"text":"Second.","start":6454.59,"end":6455.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second.","start":6454.59,"end":6455.23}]},{"text":"Article 90 of the First Additional Protocol provides for the establishment of an international fact-finding commission to inquire into alleged violations of IHL.","start":6456.03,"end":6468.35,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":6456.03,"end":6456.43},{"text":"90","start":6456.43,"end":6457.23},{"text":"of","start":6457.31,"end":6457.47},{"text":"the","start":6457.47,"end":6457.59},{"text":"First","start":6457.59,"end":6457.95},{"text":"Additional","start":6457.95,"end":6458.43},{"text":"Protocol","start":6458.43,"end":6459.15},{"text":"provides","start":6459.31,"end":6459.87},{"text":"for","start":6459.87,"end":6460.03},{"text":"the","start":6460.07,"end":6460.15},{"text":"establishment","start":6460.15,"end":6461.07},{"text":"of","start":6461.07,"end":6461.19},{"text":"an","start":6461.19,"end":6461.31},{"text":"international","start":6461.31,"end":6462.11},{"text":"fact-finding","start":6462.11,"end":6462.99},{"text":"commission","start":6462.99,"end":6463.63},{"text":"to","start":6464.03,"end":6464.19},{"text":"inquire","start":6464.19,"end":6464.75},{"text":"into","start":6464.75,"end":6465.39},{"text":"alleged","start":6465.79,"end":6466.27},{"text":"violations","start":6466.27,"end":6467.31},{"text":"of","start":6467.39,"end":6467.55},{"text":"IHL.","start":6467.55,"end":6468.35}]},{"text":"The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a staunch supporter of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission and has recognized its competence since its establishment in 1987.","start":6469.39,"end":6482.51,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6469.39,"end":6469.55},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6469.55,"end":6469.95},{"text":"of","start":6469.95,"end":6470.03},{"text":"the","start":6470.03,"end":6470.11},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6470.11,"end":6470.83},{"text":"is","start":6470.83,"end":6470.95},{"text":"a","start":6470.95,"end":6470.99},{"text":"staunch","start":6470.99,"end":6471.79},{"text":"supporter","start":6471.79,"end":6472.59},{"text":"of","start":6472.75,"end":6472.91},{"text":"the","start":6472.91,"end":6473.03},{"text":"International","start":6473.03,"end":6474.07},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":6474.07,"end":6474.99},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":6474.99,"end":6475.79},{"text":"Commission","start":6475.79,"end":6476.51},{"text":"and","start":6477.31,"end":6477.55},{"text":"has","start":6477.55,"end":6477.71},{"text":"recognized","start":6477.71,"end":6478.35},{"text":"its","start":6478.35,"end":6478.51},{"text":"competence","start":6478.51,"end":6479.43},{"text":"since","start":6479.43,"end":6479.71},{"text":"its","start":6479.71,"end":6479.95},{"text":"establishment","start":6479.95,"end":6480.91},{"text":"in","start":6480.91,"end":6481.11},{"text":"1987.","start":6481.11,"end":6482.51}]},{"text":"Against this background, we have nominated a candidate for election to the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission.","start":6483.39,"end":6490.75,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":6483.39,"end":6483.83},{"text":"this","start":6483.83,"end":6484.03},{"text":"background,","start":6484.03,"end":6484.75},{"text":"we","start":6484.91,"end":6485.11},{"text":"have","start":6485.11,"end":6485.31},{"text":"nominated","start":6485.31,"end":6486.03},{"text":"a","start":6486.03,"end":6486.07},{"text":"candidate","start":6486.07,"end":6486.75},{"text":"for","start":6486.83,"end":6487.11},{"text":"election","start":6487.11,"end":6487.71},{"text":"to","start":6487.71,"end":6487.87},{"text":"the","start":6487.87,"end":6487.99},{"text":"International","start":6487.99,"end":6488.63},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":6488.63,"end":6489.39},{"text":"Fact-Finding","start":6489.39,"end":6490.11},{"text":"Commission.","start":6490.11,"end":6490.75}]},{"text":"Through the nomination of Professor Dr. Maarten Zwaneberg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands seeks to contribute to the continued work of the Commission and to further strengthen its role in promoting respect for IHL.","start":6492.27,"end":6506.99,"topics":[{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":6492.27,"end":6492.51},{"text":"the","start":6492.51,"end":6492.59},{"text":"nomination","start":6492.59,"end":6493.55},{"text":"of","start":6493.55,"end":6493.95},{"text":"Professor","start":6493.95,"end":6494.59},{"text":"Dr.","start":6494.59,"end":6495.23},{"text":"Maarten","start":6495.23,"end":6495.71},{"text":"Zwaneberg,","start":6495.71,"end":6496.59},{"text":"the","start":6497.07,"end":6497.27},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6497.31,"end":6497.71},{"text":"of","start":6497.71,"end":6497.79},{"text":"the","start":6497.79,"end":6497.91},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6497.91,"end":6498.47},{"text":"seeks","start":6498.47,"end":6498.99},{"text":"to","start":6498.99,"end":6499.07},{"text":"contribute","start":6499.07,"end":6499.91},{"text":"to","start":6499.91,"end":6500.03},{"text":"the","start":6500.03,"end":6500.15},{"text":"continued","start":6500.15,"end":6500.87},{"text":"work","start":6500.87,"end":6501.23},{"text":"of","start":6501.23,"end":6501.39},{"text":"the","start":6501.39,"end":6501.51},{"text":"Commission","start":6501.51,"end":6502.19},{"text":"and","start":6502.27,"end":6502.47},{"text":"to","start":6502.47,"end":6502.55},{"text":"further","start":6502.59,"end":6503.07},{"text":"strengthen","start":6503.07,"end":6503.63},{"text":"its","start":6503.63,"end":6503.79},{"text":"role","start":6503.79,"end":6504.27},{"text":"in","start":6504.43,"end":6504.59},{"text":"promoting","start":6504.59,"end":6505.15},{"text":"respect","start":6505.15,"end":6505.79},{"text":"for","start":6506.03,"end":6506.27},{"text":"IHL.","start":6506.27,"end":6506.99}]},{"text":"Third.","start":6508.27,"end":6508.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third.","start":6508.27,"end":6508.83}]},{"text":"The Kingdom of the Netherlands also recognizes the importance of the Global Initiative to galvanize political commitment for IHL.","start":6509.75,"end":6517.91,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6509.75,"end":6509.79},{"text":"Kingdom","start":6509.79,"end":6510.15},{"text":"of","start":6510.15,"end":6510.27},{"text":"the","start":6510.27,"end":6510.35},{"text":"Netherlands","start":6510.35,"end":6510.95},{"text":"also","start":6510.95,"end":6511.39},{"text":"recognizes","start":6511.39,"end":6512.39},{"text":"the","start":6512.39,"end":6512.51},{"text":"importance","start":6512.51,"end":6513.47},{"text":"of","start":6513.47,"end":6513.59},{"text":"the","start":6513.59,"end":6513.75},{"text":"Global","start":6513.75,"end":6514.19},{"text":"Initiative","start":6514.19,"end":6514.95},{"text":"to","start":6514.95,"end":6515.11},{"text":"galvanize","start":6515.11,"end":6515.75},{"text":"political","start":6515.75,"end":6516.31},{"text":"commitment","start":6516.31,"end":6516.95},{"text":"for","start":6516.95,"end":6517.19},{"text":"IHL.","start":6517.19,"end":6517.91}]},{"text":"We call on all States to consider supporting the Initiative.","start":6518.47,"end":6522.71,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Dialogue","start":6546.55,"end":6547.19},{"text":"on","start":6547.19,"end":6547.35},{"text":"upholding","start":6547.35,"end":6547.99},{"text":"international","start":6547.99,"end":6548.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6548.67,"end":6549.43},{"text":"law","start":6549.43,"end":6549.87},{"text":"does","start":6549.99,"end":6550.23},{"text":"not","start":6550.23,"end":6550.55},{"text":"end","start":6550.55,"end":6551.03},{"text":"with","start":6551.27,"end":6551.47},{"text":"the","start":6551.47,"end":6551.55},{"text":"conclusion","start":6551.59,"end":6552.47},{"text":"of","start":6552.47,"end":6552.59},{"text":"this","start":6552.59,"end":6552.79},{"text":"initiative.","start":6552.79,"end":6553.59}]},{"text":"Continued engagement and efforts to promote IHL compliance remain essential.","start":6554.23,"end":6560.23,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Continued","start":6554.23,"end":6554.95},{"text":"engagement","start":6554.95,"end":6555.83},{"text":"and","start":6555.91,"end":6556.15},{"text":"efforts","start":6556.15,"end":6556.63},{"text":"to","start":6556.63,"end":6556.79},{"text":"promote","start":6556.79,"end":6557.27},{"text":"IHL","start":6557.27,"end":6557.75},{"text":"compliance","start":6557.75,"end":6558.63},{"text":"remain","start":6558.63,"end":6559.27},{"text":"essential.","start":6559.27,"end":6560.23}]},{"text":"In conclusion, The Kingdom of the Netherlands will continue its efforts toward the full implementation of international humanitarian law and remains committed to strengthening respect for international humanitarian law.","start":6561.19,"end":6576.15,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The Philippines reaffirms its steadfast commitment to international humanitarian law and the protection of persons affected by armed conflict.","start":6590.59,"end":6598.75,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6590.59,"end":6590.83},{"text":"you,","start":6590.83,"end":6590.95},{"text":"Madam","start":6590.95,"end":6591.31},{"text":"Chair.","start":6591.31,"end":6591.63},{"text":"The","start":6591.63,"end":6591.75},{"text":"Philippines","start":6591.75,"end":6592.19},{"text":"reaffirms","start":6592.19,"end":6592.79},{"text":"its","start":6592.79,"end":6592.95},{"text":"steadfast","start":6592.95,"end":6593.47},{"text":"commitment","start":6593.47,"end":6594.03},{"text":"to","start":6594.03,"end":6594.11},{"text":"international","start":6594.11,"end":6594.71},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6594.71,"end":6595.39},{"text":"law","start":6595.39,"end":6595.71},{"text":"and","start":6596.03,"end":6596.15},{"text":"the","start":6596.15,"end":6596.27},{"text":"protection","start":6596.27,"end":6596.71},{"text":"of","start":6596.71,"end":6596.83},{"text":"persons","start":6596.83,"end":6597.23},{"text":"affected","start":6597.23,"end":6597.71},{"text":"by","start":6597.71,"end":6597.87},{"text":"armed","start":6597.87,"end":6598.11},{"text":"conflict.","start":6598.11,"end":6598.75}]},{"text":"We thank the Secretary General for his report, which underscores the importance of translating international obligations into effective national laws, institutions and practices.","start":6599.03,"end":6608.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6599.03,"end":6599.11},{"text":"thank","start":6599.15,"end":6599.39},{"text":"the","start":6599.39,"end":6599.47},{"text":"Secretary","start":6599.47,"end":6600.03},{"text":"General","start":6600.03,"end":6600.43},{"text":"for","start":6600.43,"end":6600.59},{"text":"his","start":6600.59,"end":6600.75},{"text":"report,","start":6600.75,"end":6601.27},{"text":"which","start":6601.27,"end":6601.51},{"text":"underscores","start":6601.51,"end":6602.07},{"text":"the","start":6602.07,"end":6602.15},{"text":"importance","start":6602.15,"end":6602.75},{"text":"of","start":6602.75,"end":6602.83},{"text":"translating","start":6602.83,"end":6603.55},{"text":"international","start":6603.79,"end":6604.51},{"text":"obligations","start":6604.51,"end":6605.15},{"text":"into","start":6605.15,"end":6605.35},{"text":"effective","start":6605.35,"end":6605.87},{"text":"national","start":6605.87,"end":6606.31},{"text":"laws,","start":6606.31,"end":6606.59},{"text":"institutions","start":6606.59,"end":6607.35},{"text":"and","start":6607.35,"end":6607.47},{"text":"practices.","start":6607.47,"end":6608.27}]},{"text":"Our own experience with armed conflict reinforces the imperative of protecting civilians, strengthening accountability and ensuring that humanitarian law delivers meaningful protection in practice.","start":6608.59,"end":6619.79,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":6608.59,"end":6608.75},{"text":"own","start":6608.75,"end":6608.99},{"text":"experience","start":6608.99,"end":6609.59},{"text":"with","start":6609.59,"end":6609.71},{"text":"armed","start":6609.71,"end":6610.03},{"text":"conflict","start":6610.03,"end":6610.59},{"text":"reinforces","start":6610.67,"end":6611.39},{"text":"the","start":6611.39,"end":6611.51},{"text":"imperative","start":6611.51,"end":6612.11},{"text":"of","start":6612.11,"end":6612.19},{"text":"protecting","start":6612.19,"end":6612.83},{"text":"civilians,","start":6612.83,"end":6613.63},{"text":"strengthening","start":6613.87,"end":6614.51},{"text":"accountability","start":6614.51,"end":6615.47},{"text":"and","start":6615.71,"end":6615.91},{"text":"ensuring","start":6615.91,"end":6616.43},{"text":"that","start":6616.43,"end":6616.55},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6616.55,"end":6617.23},{"text":"law","start":6617.23,"end":6617.39},{"text":"delivers","start":6617.39,"end":6617.95},{"text":"meaningful","start":6617.95,"end":6618.43},{"text":"protection","start":6618.43,"end":6619.03},{"text":"in","start":6619.03,"end":6619.15},{"text":"practice.","start":6619.15,"end":6619.79}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the Philippines is party to the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocols I and II of 1977.","start":6620.23,"end":6627.83,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6620.23,"end":6620.63},{"text":"Chair,","start":6620.63,"end":6620.95},{"text":"the","start":6620.95,"end":6621.03},{"text":"Philippines","start":6621.03,"end":6621.59},{"text":"is","start":6621.59,"end":6621.75},{"text":"party","start":6621.75,"end":6622.11},{"text":"to","start":6622.11,"end":6622.19},{"text":"the","start":6622.19,"end":6622.31},{"text":"four","start":6622.31,"end":6622.71},{"text":"Geneva","start":6622.71,"end":6623.07},{"text":"Conventions","start":6623.07,"end":6623.63},{"text":"of","start":6623.63,"end":6623.75},{"text":"1949","start":6623.75,"end":6624.71},{"text":"and","start":6624.91,"end":6625.07},{"text":"Additional","start":6625.07,"end":6625.51},{"text":"Protocols","start":6625.51,"end":6626.07},{"text":"I","start":6626.07,"end":6626.11},{"text":"and","start":6626.11,"end":6626.43},{"text":"II","start":6626.43,"end":6626.55},{"text":"of","start":6626.55,"end":6626.71},{"text":"1977.","start":6626.71,"end":6627.83}]},{"text":"We recognize their continuing relevance alongside applicable customary international humanitarian law in regulating hostilities and protecting persons who are not or are no longer participating in them.","start":6628.15,"end":6639.51,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6628.15,"end":6628.35},{"text":"recognize","start":6628.35,"end":6628.95},{"text":"their","start":6628.95,"end":6629.11},{"text":"continuing","start":6629.11,"end":6629.59},{"text":"relevance","start":6629.59,"end":6630.39},{"text":"alongside","start":6630.71,"end":6631.35},{"text":"applicable","start":6631.35,"end":6631.91},{"text":"customary","start":6631.91,"end":6632.39},{"text":"international","start":6632.39,"end":6632.95},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6632.95,"end":6633.59},{"text":"law","start":6633.59,"end":6633.83},{"text":"in","start":6634.07,"end":6634.23},{"text":"regulating","start":6634.23,"end":6634.87},{"text":"hostilities","start":6634.87,"end":6635.63},{"text":"and","start":6635.63,"end":6635.75},{"text":"protecting","start":6635.75,"end":6636.31},{"text":"persons","start":6636.31,"end":6636.71},{"text":"who","start":6636.71,"end":6636.79},{"text":"are","start":6636.79,"end":6636.95},{"text":"not","start":6636.95,"end":6637.27},{"text":"or","start":6637.51,"end":6637.71},{"text":"are","start":6637.71,"end":6637.83},{"text":"no","start":6637.83,"end":6637.99},{"text":"longer","start":6637.99,"end":6638.39},{"text":"participating","start":6638.39,"end":6639.11},{"text":"in","start":6639.11,"end":6639.27},{"text":"them.","start":6639.27,"end":6639.51}]},{"text":"At the national level, Philippine legislation criminalizes serious violations of international humanitarian law and other international crimes, provides special protection for children affected by armed conflict, and safeguards the distinctive emblems of humanitarian and medical services.","start":6639.95,"end":6656.19,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":6639.95,"end":6640.03},{"text":"the","start":6640.03,"end":6640.15},{"text":"national","start":6640.15,"end":6640.63},{"text":"level,","start":6640.63,"end":6641.15},{"text":"Philippine","start":6641.23,"end":6641.67},{"text":"legislation","start":6641.67,"end":6642.43},{"text":"criminalizes","start":6642.43,"end":6643.31},{"text":"serious","start":6643.47,"end":6643.95},{"text":"violations","start":6643.95,"end":6644.63},{"text":"of","start":6644.63,"end":6644.75},{"text":"international","start":6644.75,"end":6645.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6645.35,"end":6645.95},{"text":"law","start":6645.95,"end":6646.27},{"text":"and","start":6646.55,"end":6646.75},{"text":"other","start":6646.75,"end":6646.99},{"text":"international","start":6646.99,"end":6647.63},{"text":"crimes,","start":6647.63,"end":6648.19},{"text":"provides","start":6648.43,"end":6648.91},{"text":"special","start":6648.91,"end":6649.31},{"text":"protection","start":6649.31,"end":6649.79},{"text":"for","start":6649.79,"end":6649.95},{"text":"children","start":6649.95,"end":6650.31},{"text":"affected","start":6650.31,"end":6650.75},{"text":"by","start":6650.75,"end":6650.91},{"text":"armed","start":6650.91,"end":6651.19},{"text":"conflict,","start":6651.19,"end":6651.83},{"text":"and","start":6652.11,"end":6652.35},{"text":"safeguards","start":6652.35,"end":6652.91},{"text":"the","start":6652.91,"end":6653.03},{"text":"distinctive","start":6653.03,"end":6653.63},{"text":"emblems","start":6653.63,"end":6654.19},{"text":"of","start":6654.19,"end":6654.27},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6654.27,"end":6654.99},{"text":"and","start":6654.99,"end":6655.15},{"text":"medical","start":6655.15,"end":6655.55},{"text":"services.","start":6655.55,"end":6656.19}]},{"text":"These measures strengthen accountability and the protection of vulnerable persons.","start":6656.59,"end":6660.99,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6656.59,"end":6656.91},{"text":"measures","start":6656.91,"end":6657.31},{"text":"strengthen","start":6657.31,"end":6657.79},{"text":"accountability","start":6657.79,"end":6658.67},{"text":"and","start":6658.83,"end":6658.99},{"text":"the","start":6658.99,"end":6659.07},{"text":"protection","start":6659.07,"end":6659.55},{"text":"of","start":6659.55,"end":6659.63},{"text":"vulnerable","start":6659.63,"end":6660.27},{"text":"persons.","start":6660.27,"end":6660.99}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, a significant recent development is the strengthening of our national institutional framework.","start":6661.55,"end":6667.15,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6661.55,"end":6661.95},{"text":"Chair,","start":6661.95,"end":6662.35},{"text":"a","start":6662.59,"end":6662.63},{"text":"significant","start":6662.63,"end":6663.31},{"text":"recent","start":6663.31,"end":6663.71},{"text":"development","start":6663.71,"end":6664.39},{"text":"is","start":6664.39,"end":6664.51},{"text":"the","start":6664.51,"end":6664.59},{"text":"strengthening","start":6664.59,"end":6665.23},{"text":"of","start":6665.23,"end":6665.35},{"text":"our","start":6665.35,"end":6665.47},{"text":"national","start":6665.47,"end":6665.87},{"text":"institutional","start":6665.87,"end":6666.59},{"text":"framework.","start":6666.59,"end":6667.15}]},{"text":"In 2024, the President issued Executive Order No.","start":6667.55,"end":6671.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6667.55,"end":6667.71},{"text":"2024,","start":6667.71,"end":6668.51},{"text":"the","start":6668.51,"end":6668.67},{"text":"President","start":6668.67,"end":6669.23},{"text":"issued","start":6669.23,"end":6669.63},{"text":"Executive","start":6669.67,"end":6670.19},{"text":"Order","start":6670.19,"end":6670.67},{"text":"No.","start":6670.91,"end":6671.19}]},{"text":"77, establishing the Interagency Committee on International Humanitarian Law.","start":6671.19,"end":6676.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"77,","start":6671.19,"end":6672.11},{"text":"establishing","start":6672.35,"end":6672.99},{"text":"the","start":6672.99,"end":6673.07},{"text":"Interagency","start":6673.07,"end":6673.79},{"text":"Committee","start":6673.79,"end":6674.35},{"text":"on","start":6674.51,"end":6674.67},{"text":"International","start":6674.67,"end":6675.31},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":6675.31,"end":6675.95},{"text":"Law.","start":6675.95,"end":6676.27}]},{"text":"Co-chaired by the Department of National Defense and the Department of Foreign Affairs, the committee coordinates national implementation, promotes dissemination, reviews relevant measures, and strengthens cooperation among government institutions and other stakeholders.","start":6676.87,"end":6692.11,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Co-chaired","start":6676.87,"end":6677.47},{"text":"by","start":6677.47,"end":6677.55},{"text":"the","start":6677.55,"end":6677.67},{"text":"Department","start":6677.67,"end":6678.19},{"text":"of","start":6678.19,"end":6678.27},{"text":"National","start":6678.27,"end":6678.75},{"text":"Defense","start":6678.75,"end":6679.39},{"text":"and","start":6679.39,"end":6679.55},{"text":"the","start":6679.55,"end":6679.63},{"text":"Department","start":6679.63,"end":6680.11},{"text":"of","start":6680.11,"end":6680.19},{"text":"Foreign","start":6680.19,"end":6680.47},{"text":"Affairs,","start":6680.47,"end":6680.99},{"text":"the","start":6681.23,"end":6681.39},{"text":"committee","start":6681.39,"end":6681.79},{"text":"coordinates","start":6681.79,"end":6682.51},{"text":"national","start":6682.51,"end":6682.91},{"text":"implementation,","start":6682.91,"end":6683.95},{"text":"promotes","start":6684.19,"end":6684.63},{"text":"dissemination,","start":6684.63,"end":6685.55},{"text":"reviews","start":6685.79,"end":6686.27},{"text":"relevant","start":6686.27,"end":6686.75},{"text":"measures,","start":6686.75,"end":6687.39},{"text":"and","start":6687.55,"end":6687.75},{"text":"strengthens","start":6687.75,"end":6688.27},{"text":"cooperation","start":6688.27,"end":6689.11},{"text":"among","start":6689.11,"end":6689.39},{"text":"government","start":6689.39,"end":6689.87},{"text":"institutions","start":6689.87,"end":6690.67},{"text":"and","start":6690.87,"end":6691.07},{"text":"other","start":6691.07,"end":6691.31},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":6691.31,"end":6692.11}]},{"text":"The Philippines has likewise pursued the dissemination of international humanitarian law among military, law enforcement, and civilian personnel.","start":6692.51,"end":6700.59,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6692.51,"end":6692.63},{"text":"Philippines","start":6692.63,"end":6693.11},{"text":"has","start":6693.11,"end":6693.23},{"text":"likewise","start":6693.23,"end":6693.79},{"text":"pursued","start":6693.79,"end":6694.23},{"text":"the","start":6694.23,"end":6694.31},{"text":"dissemination","start":6694.31,"end":6695.23},{"text":"of","start":6695.43,"end":6695.55},{"text":"international","start":6695.55,"end":6696.11},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6696.11,"end":6696.75},{"text":"law","start":6696.75,"end":6697.07},{"text":"among","start":6697.23,"end":6697.55},{"text":"military,","start":6697.55,"end":6698.27},{"text":"law","start":6698.27,"end":6698.43},{"text":"enforcement,","start":6698.43,"end":6699.15},{"text":"and","start":6699.19,"end":6699.31},{"text":"civilian","start":6699.31,"end":6699.87},{"text":"personnel.","start":6699.91,"end":6700.59}]},{"text":"In cooperation with the International Committee of the Red Cross and other partners, training and capacity building activities have addressed the principles governing the conduct of hostilities, humane treatment, civilian protection, and operational compliance.","start":6701.55,"end":6715.31,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6701.55,"end":6701.71},{"text":"cooperation","start":6701.71,"end":6702.43},{"text":"with","start":6702.43,"end":6702.55},{"text":"the","start":6702.55,"end":6702.63},{"text":"International","start":6702.63,"end":6703.19},{"text":"Committee","start":6703.19,"end":6703.55},{"text":"of","start":6703.55,"end":6703.63},{"text":"the","start":6703.63,"end":6703.75},{"text":"Red","start":6703.75,"end":6703.99},{"text":"Cross","start":6703.99,"end":6704.35},{"text":"and","start":6704.35,"end":6704.51},{"text":"other","start":6704.51,"end":6704.75},{"text":"partners,","start":6704.75,"end":6705.39},{"text":"training","start":6705.63,"end":6706.03},{"text":"and","start":6706.03,"end":6706.15},{"text":"capacity","start":6706.15,"end":6706.75},{"text":"building","start":6706.75,"end":6707.23},{"text":"activities","start":6707.23,"end":6707.87},{"text":"have","start":6707.87,"end":6708.03},{"text":"addressed","start":6708.03,"end":6708.39},{"text":"the","start":6708.39,"end":6708.51},{"text":"principles","start":6708.51,"end":6709.07},{"text":"governing","start":6709.07,"end":6709.43},{"text":"the","start":6709.43,"end":6709.55},{"text":"conduct","start":6709.55,"end":6709.95},{"text":"of","start":6709.95,"end":6710.03},{"text":"hostilities,","start":6710.03,"end":6710.83},{"text":"humane","start":6711.15,"end":6711.51},{"text":"treatment,","start":6711.51,"end":6712.03},{"text":"civilian","start":6712.27,"end":6712.71},{"text":"protection,","start":6712.71,"end":6713.39},{"text":"and","start":6713.55,"end":6713.71},{"text":"operational","start":6713.71,"end":6714.43},{"text":"compliance.","start":6714.43,"end":6715.31}]},{"text":"In 2025, approximately 1,840 participants from the Philippine Armed Forces, the National Police, the Philippine Coast Guard, the Office of Civil Defense, and other agencies attended international humanitarian orientations supported by the ICRC.","start":6715.71,"end":6732.43,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6715.71,"end":6715.87},{"text":"2025,","start":6715.87,"end":6716.83},{"text":"approximately","start":6717.07,"end":6718.11},{"text":"1,840","start":6718.11,"end":6719.19},{"text":"participants","start":6719.23,"end":6720.03},{"text":"from","start":6720.35,"end":6720.51},{"text":"the","start":6720.51,"end":6720.63},{"text":"Philippine","start":6720.63,"end":6721.07},{"text":"Armed","start":6721.07,"end":6721.31},{"text":"Forces,","start":6721.31,"end":6722.03},{"text":"the","start":6722.27,"end":6722.39},{"text":"National","start":6722.39,"end":6722.83},{"text":"Police,","start":6722.83,"end":6723.39},{"text":"the","start":6723.47,"end":6723.63},{"text":"Philippine","start":6723.63,"end":6724.03},{"text":"Coast","start":6724.03,"end":6724.35},{"text":"Guard,","start":6724.35,"end":6724.75},{"text":"the","start":6724.91,"end":6725.07},{"text":"Office","start":6725.07,"end":6725.39},{"text":"of","start":6725.39,"end":6725.47},{"text":"Civil","start":6725.47,"end":6725.87},{"text":"Defense,","start":6725.87,"end":6726.43},{"text":"and","start":6726.43,"end":6726.63},{"text":"other","start":6726.63,"end":6726.91},{"text":"agencies","start":6726.91,"end":6727.55},{"text":"attended","start":6727.79,"end":6728.35},{"text":"international","start":6728.35,"end":6728.95},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6728.95,"end":6729.63},{"text":"orientations","start":6729.63,"end":6730.51},{"text":"supported","start":6730.67,"end":6731.31},{"text":"by","start":6731.31,"end":6731.47},{"text":"the","start":6731.47,"end":6731.59},{"text":"ICRC.","start":6731.59,"end":6732.43}]},{"text":"We recognize that dissemination must extend beyond legal specialists to those whose operational decisions directly affect the protection of persons during armed conflict.","start":6732.91,"end":6743.55,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6732.91,"end":6733.07},{"text":"recognize","start":6733.07,"end":6733.79},{"text":"that","start":6733.79,"end":6733.95},{"text":"dissemination","start":6733.95,"end":6734.75},{"text":"must","start":6734.75,"end":6734.91},{"text":"extend","start":6734.91,"end":6735.35},{"text":"beyond","start":6735.35,"end":6735.75},{"text":"legal","start":6735.75,"end":6735.99},{"text":"specialists","start":6735.99,"end":6736.91},{"text":"to","start":6737.15,"end":6737.23},{"text":"those","start":6737.23,"end":6737.71},{"text":"whose","start":6737.79,"end":6738.03},{"text":"operational","start":6738.03,"end":6738.67},{"text":"decisions","start":6738.67,"end":6739.23},{"text":"directly","start":6739.23,"end":6739.63},{"text":"affect","start":6739.63,"end":6740.03},{"text":"the","start":6740.19,"end":6740.35},{"text":"protection","start":6740.35,"end":6741.51},{"text":"of","start":6741.51,"end":6741.63},{"text":"persons","start":6741.63,"end":6742.27},{"text":"during","start":6742.39,"end":6742.71},{"text":"armed","start":6742.71,"end":6742.95},{"text":"conflict.","start":6742.95,"end":6743.55}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, our experience also demonstrates that humanitarian protection must continue beyond the cessation of hostilities.","start":6744.19,"end":6751.63,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6744.19,"end":6744.59},{"text":"Chair,","start":6744.59,"end":6744.91},{"text":"our","start":6744.91,"end":6744.99},{"text":"experience","start":6744.99,"end":6745.63},{"text":"also","start":6745.63,"end":6745.91},{"text":"demonstrates","start":6745.91,"end":6746.59},{"text":"that","start":6746.59,"end":6746.71},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6746.71,"end":6747.55},{"text":"protection","start":6747.55,"end":6748.43},{"text":"must","start":6748.75,"end":6749.03},{"text":"continue","start":6749.03,"end":6749.55},{"text":"beyond","start":6749.55,"end":6749.99},{"text":"the","start":6749.99,"end":6750.11},{"text":"cessation","start":6750.11,"end":6750.71},{"text":"of","start":6750.71,"end":6750.83},{"text":"hostilities.","start":6750.83,"end":6751.63}]},{"text":"The 2017 Marawi conflict in southern Philippines caused extensive displacement, destruction of civilian infrastructure, and separation of families.","start":6752.11,"end":6761.95,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6752.11,"end":6752.27},{"text":"2017","start":6752.27,"end":6753.71},{"text":"Marawi","start":6753.87,"end":6754.35},{"text":"conflict","start":6754.35,"end":6754.83},{"text":"in","start":6754.83,"end":6754.99},{"text":"southern","start":6754.99,"end":6755.35},{"text":"Philippines","start":6755.35,"end":6755.87},{"text":"caused","start":6755.87,"end":6756.35},{"text":"extensive","start":6756.51,"end":6757.15},{"text":"displacement,","start":6757.15,"end":6758.03},{"text":"destruction","start":6758.27,"end":6758.87},{"text":"of","start":6758.87,"end":6758.95},{"text":"civilian","start":6758.95,"end":6759.39},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":6759.39,"end":6760.19},{"text":"and","start":6760.35,"end":6760.55},{"text":"separation","start":6760.55,"end":6761.19},{"text":"of","start":6761.19,"end":6761.27},{"text":"families.","start":6761.27,"end":6761.95}]},{"text":"Its continuing humanitarian consequences underscore the importance of rehabilitation, reintegration, restoration of family links, and assistance to affected communities.","start":6762.43,"end":6772.67,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":6762.43,"end":6762.67},{"text":"continuing","start":6762.67,"end":6763.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6763.23,"end":6763.95},{"text":"consequences","start":6763.95,"end":6764.75},{"text":"underscore","start":6764.75,"end":6765.31},{"text":"the","start":6765.31,"end":6765.43},{"text":"importance","start":6765.43,"end":6765.99},{"text":"of","start":6765.99,"end":6766.07},{"text":"rehabilitation,","start":6766.07,"end":6767.15},{"text":"reintegration,","start":6767.31,"end":6768.27},{"text":"restoration","start":6768.43,"end":6769.19},{"text":"of","start":6769.19,"end":6769.27},{"text":"family","start":6769.27,"end":6769.71},{"text":"links,","start":6769.75,"end":6770.11},{"text":"and","start":6770.27,"end":6770.47},{"text":"assistance","start":6770.47,"end":6770.99},{"text":"to","start":6770.99,"end":6771.07},{"text":"affected","start":6771.07,"end":6771.63},{"text":"communities.","start":6771.95,"end":6772.67}]},{"text":"These experiences underscore that the consequences of armed conflict endure long after the conflict has stopped, and that the protection of affected persons requires sustained attention to their needs and to their dignity.","start":6773.23,"end":6786.35,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6773.23,"end":6773.55},{"text":"experiences","start":6773.55,"end":6774.95},{"text":"underscore","start":6774.99,"end":6775.79},{"text":"that","start":6776.03,"end":6776.19},{"text":"the","start":6776.19,"end":6776.27},{"text":"consequences","start":6776.27,"end":6777.03},{"text":"of","start":6777.03,"end":6777.15},{"text":"armed","start":6777.15,"end":6777.39},{"text":"conflict","start":6777.39,"end":6777.91},{"text":"endure","start":6777.91,"end":6778.51},{"text":"long","start":6778.67,"end":6778.99},{"text":"after","start":6778.99,"end":6779.23},{"text":"the","start":6779.23,"end":6779.31},{"text":"conflict","start":6779.31,"end":6779.79},{"text":"has","start":6779.79,"end":6779.99},{"text":"stopped,","start":6779.99,"end":6780.31},{"text":"and","start":6780.63,"end":6780.79},{"text":"that","start":6780.79,"end":6780.91},{"text":"the","start":6780.91,"end":6780.99},{"text":"protection","start":6780.99,"end":6781.51},{"text":"of","start":6781.51,"end":6781.63},{"text":"affected","start":6781.63,"end":6782.07},{"text":"persons","start":6782.07,"end":6782.51},{"text":"requires","start":6782.51,"end":6783.15},{"text":"sustained","start":6783.31,"end":6783.87},{"text":"attention","start":6783.87,"end":6784.51},{"text":"to","start":6784.59,"end":6784.71},{"text":"their","start":6784.71,"end":6784.91},{"text":"needs","start":6784.91,"end":6785.31},{"text":"and","start":6785.39,"end":6785.55},{"text":"to","start":6785.55,"end":6785.63},{"text":"their","start":6785.63,"end":6785.79},{"text":"dignity.","start":6785.79,"end":6786.35}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the Philippines contributes to regional and international efforts to strengthen respect for international humanitarian law.","start":6786.83,"end":6793.95,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6786.83,"end":6787.15},{"text":"Chair,","start":6787.15,"end":6787.55},{"text":"the","start":6787.55,"end":6787.67},{"text":"Philippines","start":6787.67,"end":6788.19},{"text":"contributes","start":6788.19,"end":6788.91},{"text":"to","start":6788.91,"end":6789.35},{"text":"regional","start":6789.35,"end":6789.87},{"text":"and","start":6789.87,"end":6789.99},{"text":"international","start":6789.99,"end":6790.59},{"text":"efforts","start":6790.59,"end":6791.07},{"text":"to","start":6791.31,"end":6791.43},{"text":"strengthen","start":6791.43,"end":6791.87},{"text":"respect","start":6791.87,"end":6792.31},{"text":"for","start":6792.31,"end":6792.43},{"text":"international","start":6792.43,"end":6792.99},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6792.99,"end":6793.63},{"text":"law.","start":6793.63,"end":6793.95}]},{"text":"In August 2025, the Philippines, in cooperation with the ICRC, hosted the Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on International Humanitarian Law in Manila, bringing together representatives of 24 states.","start":6794.59,"end":6806.83,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6807.15,"end":6807.35},{"text":"Philippines","start":6807.35,"end":6807.83},{"text":"also","start":6807.83,"end":6808.15},{"text":"serves","start":6808.15,"end":6808.47},{"text":"as","start":6808.47,"end":6808.59},{"text":"co-chair,","start":6808.59,"end":6809.15},{"text":"alongside","start":6809.15,"end":6809.71},{"text":"Germany,","start":6809.71,"end":6810.15},{"text":"Peru,","start":6810.15,"end":6810.59},{"text":"and","start":6810.79,"end":6810.91},{"text":"the","start":6810.91,"end":6810.99},{"text":"United","start":6810.99,"end":6811.35},{"text":"Kingdom,","start":6811.35,"end":6811.87},{"text":"of","start":6812.15,"end":6812.27},{"text":"Workstream","start":6812.27,"end":6812.83},{"text":"2","start":6812.83,"end":6813.07},{"text":"on","start":6813.07,"end":6813.19},{"text":"National","start":6813.19,"end":6813.71},{"text":"IHL","start":6813.71,"end":6814.19},{"text":"Committees","start":6814.19,"end":6814.83},{"text":"under","start":6815.07,"end":6815.27},{"text":"the","start":6815.27,"end":6815.35},{"text":"Global","start":6815.35,"end":6815.71},{"text":"Initiative","start":6815.71,"end":6816.43},{"text":"to","start":6816.43,"end":6816.55},{"text":"Galvanize","start":6816.55,"end":6817.23},{"text":"Political","start":6817.47,"end":6817.95},{"text":"Commitment","start":6817.95,"end":6818.55},{"text":"to","start":6818.59,"end":6818.71},{"text":"International","start":6818.71,"end":6819.23},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":6819.23,"end":6819.87},{"text":"Law.","start":6819.87,"end":6820.11}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, as an archipelagic state and a major source and provider of seafarers, the Philippines attaches particular importance to the humanitarian consequences of armed conflict at sea.","start":6820.87,"end":6832.79,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6820.87,"end":6821.27},{"text":"Chair,","start":6821.27,"end":6821.75},{"text":"as","start":6821.75,"end":6821.91},{"text":"an","start":6821.91,"end":6821.99},{"text":"archipelagic","start":6821.99,"end":6822.71},{"text":"state","start":6822.71,"end":6823.11},{"text":"and","start":6823.11,"end":6823.23},{"text":"a","start":6823.23,"end":6823.27},{"text":"major","start":6823.27,"end":6823.83},{"text":"source","start":6823.83,"end":6824.55},{"text":"and","start":6824.87,"end":6825.03},{"text":"provider","start":6825.03,"end":6825.63},{"text":"of","start":6825.63,"end":6825.75},{"text":"seafarers,","start":6825.75,"end":6826.47},{"text":"the","start":6826.87,"end":6826.99},{"text":"Philippines","start":6826.99,"end":6827.59},{"text":"attaches","start":6827.67,"end":6828.07},{"text":"particular","start":6828.07,"end":6828.59},{"text":"importance","start":6828.59,"end":6829.19},{"text":"to","start":6829.19,"end":6829.27},{"text":"the","start":6829.27,"end":6829.39},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6829.39,"end":6830.07},{"text":"consequences","start":6830.07,"end":6830.95},{"text":"of","start":6831.19,"end":6831.35},{"text":"armed","start":6831.35,"end":6831.75},{"text":"conflict","start":6831.75,"end":6832.27},{"text":"at","start":6832.27,"end":6832.35},{"text":"sea.","start":6832.35,"end":6832.79}]},{"text":"We have participated in international discussions on naval warfare, emphasizing the protection of civilians, merchant vessels, seafarers, the wounded, sick, and shipwrecked, and other persons protected under international humanitarian law.","start":6833.11,"end":6847.91,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6833.11,"end":6833.27},{"text":"have","start":6833.27,"end":6833.43},{"text":"participated","start":6833.43,"end":6834.23},{"text":"in","start":6834.23,"end":6834.31},{"text":"international","start":6834.31,"end":6835.03},{"text":"discussions","start":6835.03,"end":6835.71},{"text":"on","start":6835.71,"end":6835.87},{"text":"naval","start":6835.87,"end":6836.23},{"text":"warfare,","start":6836.23,"end":6836.87},{"text":"emphasizing","start":6837.19,"end":6837.87},{"text":"the","start":6837.87,"end":6837.95},{"text":"protection","start":6837.95,"end":6838.47},{"text":"of","start":6838.47,"end":6838.55},{"text":"civilians,","start":6838.55,"end":6839.35},{"text":"merchant","start":6839.59,"end":6839.99},{"text":"vessels,","start":6839.99,"end":6840.63},{"text":"seafarers,","start":6840.79,"end":6841.67},{"text":"the","start":6841.83,"end":6841.99},{"text":"wounded,","start":6841.99,"end":6842.47},{"text":"sick,","start":6842.47,"end":6842.79},{"text":"and","start":6843.11,"end":6843.35},{"text":"shipwrecked,","start":6843.35,"end":6843.95},{"text":"and","start":6844.03,"end":6844.23},{"text":"other","start":6844.23,"end":6844.51},{"text":"persons","start":6844.51,"end":6845.11},{"text":"protected","start":6845.35,"end":6845.91},{"text":"under","start":6845.91,"end":6846.15},{"text":"international","start":6846.15,"end":6846.87},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6846.87,"end":6847.59},{"text":"law.","start":6847.59,"end":6847.91}]},{"text":"We have also emphasized the importance examining the interplay between international humanitarian law and the law of the sea, particularly UNCLOS, recognizing the respective rules and the need to ensure coherence in their application during armed conflict at sea.","start":6848.39,"end":6864.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6848.39,"end":6848.47},{"text":"have","start":6848.47,"end":6848.63},{"text":"also","start":6848.63,"end":6849.03},{"text":"emphasized","start":6849.19,"end":6849.95},{"text":"the","start":6849.95,"end":6850.03},{"text":"importance","start":6850.03,"end":6850.75},{"text":"examining","start":6850.87,"end":6851.67},{"text":"the","start":6851.67,"end":6851.83},{"text":"interplay","start":6851.83,"end":6852.55},{"text":"between","start":6852.79,"end":6853.07},{"text":"international","start":6853.07,"end":6853.67},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6853.67,"end":6854.31},{"text":"law","start":6854.31,"end":6854.63},{"text":"and","start":6854.79,"end":6854.95},{"text":"the","start":6854.95,"end":6855.03},{"text":"law","start":6855.03,"end":6855.23},{"text":"of","start":6855.23,"end":6855.39},{"text":"the","start":6855.39,"end":6855.47},{"text":"sea,","start":6855.47,"end":6855.91},{"text":"particularly","start":6856.31,"end":6856.87},{"text":"UNCLOS,","start":6856.87,"end":6857.87},{"text":"recognizing","start":6857.87,"end":6858.47},{"text":"the","start":6858.47,"end":6858.55},{"text":"respective","start":6858.55,"end":6859.11},{"text":"rules","start":6859.11,"end":6859.51},{"text":"and","start":6859.79,"end":6859.99},{"text":"the","start":6859.99,"end":6860.07},{"text":"need","start":6860.07,"end":6860.39},{"text":"to","start":6860.39,"end":6860.51},{"text":"ensure","start":6860.51,"end":6860.79},{"text":"coherence","start":6860.79,"end":6861.43},{"text":"in","start":6861.43,"end":6861.55},{"text":"their","start":6861.55,"end":6861.67},{"text":"application","start":6861.67,"end":6862.47},{"text":"during","start":6862.71,"end":6863.11},{"text":"armed","start":6863.11,"end":6863.35},{"text":"conflict","start":6863.35,"end":6863.87},{"text":"at","start":6863.87,"end":6863.95},{"text":"sea.","start":6863.95,"end":6864.31}]},{"text":"For the Philippines, protecting civilians and seafarers at sea is a key priority.","start":6864.63,"end":6869.43,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6864.63,"end":6864.87},{"text":"the","start":6864.87,"end":6864.99},{"text":"Philippines,","start":6864.99,"end":6865.67},{"text":"protecting","start":6865.67,"end":6866.19},{"text":"civilians","start":6866.19,"end":6866.79},{"text":"and","start":6866.79,"end":6866.91},{"text":"seafarers","start":6866.91,"end":6867.59},{"text":"at","start":6867.59,"end":6867.75},{"text":"sea","start":6867.75,"end":6868.11},{"text":"is","start":6868.23,"end":6868.39},{"text":"a","start":6868.39,"end":6868.47},{"text":"key","start":6868.47,"end":6868.71},{"text":"priority.","start":6868.71,"end":6869.43}]},{"text":"It directly affects the safety and welfare of our nationals and the security of international navigation.","start":6869.59,"end":6875.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6869.59,"end":6869.79},{"text":"directly","start":6869.79,"end":6870.23},{"text":"affects","start":6870.23,"end":6870.63},{"text":"the","start":6870.63,"end":6870.71},{"text":"safety","start":6870.71,"end":6871.15},{"text":"and","start":6871.15,"end":6871.31},{"text":"welfare","start":6871.31,"end":6871.67},{"text":"of","start":6871.67,"end":6871.75},{"text":"our","start":6871.75,"end":6871.83},{"text":"nationals","start":6871.83,"end":6872.47},{"text":"and","start":6872.71,"end":6872.87},{"text":"the","start":6872.87,"end":6872.95},{"text":"security","start":6872.95,"end":6873.55},{"text":"of","start":6873.55,"end":6873.67},{"text":"international","start":6873.67,"end":6874.39},{"text":"navigation.","start":6874.39,"end":6875.19}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Madam Chair, the Philippines remains committed to translating international humanitarian law into meaningful protections through effective enforcement, training, accountability, and institutional cooperation, with particular attention to vulnerable groups.","start":6876.07,"end":6890.31,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6876.07,"end":6876.19},{"text":"conclusion,","start":6876.19,"end":6876.79},{"text":"Madam","start":6876.79,"end":6877.11},{"text":"Chair,","start":6877.11,"end":6877.43},{"text":"the","start":6877.43,"end":6877.55},{"text":"Philippines","start":6877.55,"end":6877.99},{"text":"remains","start":6877.99,"end":6878.31},{"text":"committed","start":6878.31,"end":6878.87},{"text":"to","start":6878.87,"end":6878.95},{"text":"translating","start":6879.11,"end":6879.75},{"text":"international","start":6879.75,"end":6880.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6880.35,"end":6880.95},{"text":"law","start":6880.95,"end":6881.27},{"text":"into","start":6881.43,"end":6881.67},{"text":"meaningful","start":6881.67,"end":6882.15},{"text":"protections","start":6882.15,"end":6882.83},{"text":"through","start":6882.83,"end":6882.95},{"text":"effective","start":6882.95,"end":6883.47},{"text":"enforcement,","start":6883.47,"end":6884.15},{"text":"training,","start":6884.39,"end":6885.03},{"text":"accountability,","start":6885.03,"end":6885.99},{"text":"and","start":6886.23,"end":6886.39},{"text":"institutional","start":6886.39,"end":6887.03},{"text":"cooperation,","start":6887.03,"end":6887.91},{"text":"with","start":6887.99,"end":6888.23},{"text":"particular","start":6888.23,"end":6888.79},{"text":"attention","start":6888.79,"end":6889.35},{"text":"to","start":6889.35,"end":6889.43},{"text":"vulnerable","start":6889.43,"end":6889.99},{"text":"groups.","start":6889.99,"end":6890.31}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":6890.47,"end":6891.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6890.47,"end":6890.75},{"text":"you,","start":6890.75,"end":6890.83},{"text":"Madam","start":6890.83,"end":6891.19},{"text":"Chair.","start":6891.19,"end":6891.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"PHL","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Philippines"}},{"statement_number":45,"start":6892.63,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:54:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Philippines for her statement.","start":6892.63,"end":6895.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6892.63,"end":6892.67},{"text":"thank","start":6892.67,"end":6892.87},{"text":"the","start":6892.95,"end":6893.03},{"text":"distinguished","start":6893.03,"end":6893.55},{"text":"representative","start":6893.55,"end":6894.27},{"text":"of","start":6894.27,"end":6894.39},{"text":"Philippines","start":6894.39,"end":6894.95},{"text":"for","start":6894.95,"end":6895.19},{"text":"her","start":6895.19,"end":6895.35},{"text":"statement.","start":6895.35,"end":6895.95}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Republic of Korea.","start":6895.95,"end":6899.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6895.95,"end":6895.99},{"text":"give","start":6895.99,"end":6896.23},{"text":"the","start":6896.23,"end":6896.31},{"text":"floor","start":6896.31,"end":6896.63},{"text":"to","start":6896.63,"end":6896.75},{"text":"the","start":6896.75,"end":6896.83},{"text":"distinguished","start":6896.83,"end":6897.51},{"text":"representative","start":6897.51,"end":6898.55},{"text":"of","start":6898.55,"end":6898.63},{"text":"Republic","start":6898.63,"end":6899.19},{"text":"of","start":6899.19,"end":6899.43},{"text":"Korea.","start":6899.43,"end":6899.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":46,"start":6912.19,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=1:55:13","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam Chair, at the outset, my delegation would like to express its appreciation to the Secretary General for his report on the status of Additional Protocol to the Geneva Convention of 1949.","start":6912.19,"end":6925.87,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6912.19,"end":6912.43},{"text":"Chair,","start":6912.43,"end":6912.75},{"text":"at","start":6912.75,"end":6912.95},{"text":"the","start":6912.95,"end":6913.03},{"text":"outset,","start":6913.03,"end":6913.47},{"text":"my","start":6913.79,"end":6914.03},{"text":"delegation","start":6914.03,"end":6914.59},{"text":"would","start":6914.59,"end":6914.75},{"text":"like","start":6914.75,"end":6915.07},{"text":"to","start":6915.07,"end":6915.31},{"text":"express","start":6915.31,"end":6915.87},{"text":"its","start":6916.03,"end":6916.23},{"text":"appreciation","start":6916.23,"end":6917.07},{"text":"to","start":6917.07,"end":6917.31},{"text":"the","start":6917.31,"end":6917.39},{"text":"Secretary","start":6917.39,"end":6917.91},{"text":"General","start":6917.91,"end":6918.19},{"text":"for","start":6918.19,"end":6918.35},{"text":"his","start":6918.35,"end":6918.67},{"text":"report","start":6918.91,"end":6919.63},{"text":"on","start":6919.79,"end":6919.95},{"text":"the","start":6919.95,"end":6920.03},{"text":"status","start":6920.03,"end":6920.59},{"text":"of","start":6920.59,"end":6920.75},{"text":"Additional","start":6920.75,"end":6921.47},{"text":"Protocol","start":6921.47,"end":6922.27},{"text":"to","start":6922.43,"end":6922.59},{"text":"the","start":6922.59,"end":6922.67},{"text":"Geneva","start":6922.67,"end":6922.99},{"text":"Convention","start":6922.99,"end":6923.55},{"text":"of","start":6923.55,"end":6923.79},{"text":"1949.","start":6923.79,"end":6925.87}]},{"text":"The report provides valuable information on the status of participation in this instrument and efforts to strengthen the dissemination and implementation of international humanitarian law.","start":6926.07,"end":6936.75,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6926.07,"end":6926.19},{"text":"report","start":6926.19,"end":6926.67},{"text":"provides","start":6926.67,"end":6927.39},{"text":"valuable","start":6927.55,"end":6928.03},{"text":"information","start":6928.03,"end":6928.83},{"text":"on","start":6928.83,"end":6928.91},{"text":"the","start":6928.91,"end":6928.99},{"text":"status","start":6928.99,"end":6929.39},{"text":"of","start":6929.39,"end":6929.47},{"text":"participation","start":6929.47,"end":6930.43},{"text":"in","start":6930.43,"end":6930.67},{"text":"this","start":6930.67,"end":6930.91},{"text":"instrument","start":6930.91,"end":6931.63},{"text":"and","start":6931.63,"end":6931.83},{"text":"efforts","start":6931.83,"end":6932.31},{"text":"to","start":6932.31,"end":6932.51},{"text":"strengthen","start":6932.51,"end":6933.15},{"text":"the","start":6933.15,"end":6933.31},{"text":"dissemination","start":6933.31,"end":6934.19},{"text":"and","start":6934.19,"end":6934.31},{"text":"implementation","start":6934.31,"end":6935.15},{"text":"of","start":6935.15,"end":6935.23},{"text":"international","start":6935.23,"end":6935.75},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6935.75,"end":6936.35},{"text":"law.","start":6936.35,"end":6936.75}]},{"text":"Against this backdrop, my delegation would like to highlight these three points.","start":6937.27,"end":6942.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":6937.27,"end":6937.91},{"text":"this","start":6937.91,"end":6938.15},{"text":"backdrop,","start":6938.15,"end":6938.87},{"text":"my","start":6938.87,"end":6939.03},{"text":"delegation","start":6939.03,"end":6939.59},{"text":"would","start":6939.59,"end":6939.71},{"text":"like","start":6939.71,"end":6939.91},{"text":"to","start":6939.91,"end":6940.23},{"text":"highlight","start":6940.39,"end":6940.95},{"text":"these","start":6940.95,"end":6941.19},{"text":"three","start":6941.19,"end":6941.43},{"text":"points.","start":6941.43,"end":6942.07}]},{"text":"First, strengthening respect for compliance with international humanitarian law is more important than ever.","start":6942.63,"end":6949.11,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6942.63,"end":6942.95},{"text":"strengthening","start":6942.95,"end":6943.87},{"text":"respect","start":6943.87,"end":6944.39},{"text":"for","start":6944.39,"end":6944.87},{"text":"compliance","start":6944.87,"end":6945.67},{"text":"with","start":6945.67,"end":6945.91},{"text":"international","start":6945.95,"end":6946.43},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6946.43,"end":6946.99},{"text":"law","start":6946.99,"end":6947.43},{"text":"is","start":6947.43,"end":6947.67},{"text":"more","start":6947.67,"end":6947.95},{"text":"important","start":6947.95,"end":6948.47},{"text":"than","start":6948.47,"end":6948.71},{"text":"ever.","start":6948.71,"end":6949.11}]},{"text":"At a time when armed conflicts continue to cause immense human suffering across the world, the Geneva Convention and the Additional Protocol remain the essential legal framework for protecting those affected by armed conflicts.","start":6949.87,"end":6963.83,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":6975.23,"end":6975.43},{"text":"parties","start":6975.43,"end":6976.03},{"text":"to","start":6976.03,"end":6976.19},{"text":"armed","start":6976.19,"end":6976.83},{"text":"conflicts","start":6976.83,"end":6977.39},{"text":"must","start":6977.39,"end":6977.67},{"text":"comply","start":6977.67,"end":6978.11},{"text":"with","start":6978.11,"end":6978.47},{"text":"their","start":6978.47,"end":6978.67},{"text":"obligation","start":6978.67,"end":6979.27},{"text":"under","start":6979.27,"end":6979.55},{"text":"the","start":6979.55,"end":6979.63},{"text":"international","start":6979.63,"end":6980.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":6980.35,"end":6980.99},{"text":"law,","start":6980.99,"end":6981.31},{"text":"including","start":6981.31,"end":6982.03},{"text":"principle","start":6982.19,"end":6982.91},{"text":"of","start":6982.91,"end":6982.99},{"text":"distinction,","start":6982.99,"end":6983.87},{"text":"proportionality,","start":6983.87,"end":6984.99},{"text":"and","start":6985.07,"end":6985.39},{"text":"precaution.","start":6985.55,"end":6986.91}]},{"text":"In particular, civilians and civilian objects must be protected, while medical personnel, personalities, and humanitarian workers must be respected and protected in accordance with international humanitarian law.","start":6987.43,"end":7001.91,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7013.91,"end":7014.15},{"text":"requires","start":7014.15,"end":7014.79},{"text":"appropriate","start":7014.79,"end":7016.23},{"text":"legislative,","start":7016.47,"end":7017.43},{"text":"administrative,","start":7017.59,"end":7018.79},{"text":"and","start":7018.87,"end":7019.19},{"text":"political","start":7019.19,"end":7019.75},{"text":"measures","start":7019.75,"end":7020.31},{"text":"at","start":7020.31,"end":7020.55},{"text":"the","start":7020.55,"end":7020.71},{"text":"national","start":7020.71,"end":7021.07},{"text":"level,","start":7021.07,"end":7021.43},{"text":"including","start":7021.43,"end":7021.99},{"text":"the","start":7021.99,"end":7022.15},{"text":"integration","start":7022.55,"end":7023.51},{"text":"of","start":7023.51,"end":7023.59},{"text":"the","start":7023.59,"end":7023.67},{"text":"international","start":7023.67,"end":7024.83},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7024.83,"end":7025.51},{"text":"law","start":7025.51,"end":7025.59},{"text":"into","start":7025.59,"end":7025.75},{"text":"military","start":7025.75,"end":7026.23},{"text":"doctrine,","start":7026.23,"end":7026.87},{"text":"operational","start":7027.11,"end":7027.79},{"text":"guidance,","start":7027.79,"end":7028.39},{"text":"rules","start":7028.47,"end":7028.79},{"text":"of","start":7028.79,"end":7028.87},{"text":"engagement,","start":7028.91,"end":7029.59},{"text":"and","start":7029.59,"end":7029.75},{"text":"the","start":7029.75,"end":7029.83},{"text":"military","start":7029.83,"end":7030.23},{"text":"training.","start":7030.23,"end":7030.79}]},{"text":"Second, we must strengthen the effective application of the international humanitarian law and the protection of civilians in the evolving landscapes of armed conflicts.","start":7031.59,"end":7041.67,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7031.59,"end":7031.99},{"text":"we","start":7032.15,"end":7032.39},{"text":"must","start":7032.39,"end":7032.79},{"text":"strengthen","start":7032.79,"end":7033.43},{"text":"the","start":7033.43,"end":7033.55},{"text":"effective","start":7033.55,"end":7034.15},{"text":"application","start":7034.23,"end":7035.11},{"text":"of","start":7035.11,"end":7035.19},{"text":"the","start":7035.19,"end":7035.27},{"text":"international","start":7035.27,"end":7035.87},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7035.87,"end":7036.47},{"text":"law","start":7036.47,"end":7036.91},{"text":"and","start":7037.19,"end":7037.47},{"text":"the","start":7037.47,"end":7037.55},{"text":"protection","start":7037.55,"end":7038.15},{"text":"of","start":7038.19,"end":7038.31},{"text":"civilians","start":7038.31,"end":7038.95},{"text":"in","start":7038.95,"end":7039.11},{"text":"the","start":7039.11,"end":7039.19},{"text":"evolving","start":7039.19,"end":7039.67},{"text":"landscapes","start":7039.67,"end":7040.47},{"text":"of","start":7040.47,"end":7040.71},{"text":"armed","start":7040.71,"end":7040.99},{"text":"conflicts.","start":7040.99,"end":7041.67}]},{"text":"As the nature of armed conflicts and the means and methods of warfare continues to evolve, it is essential to ensure full respect for the fundamental principle for international humanitarian law.","start":7042.51,"end":7057.19,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7042.51,"end":7042.75},{"text":"the","start":7042.75,"end":7042.83},{"text":"nature","start":7042.83,"end":7043.35},{"text":"of","start":7043.35,"end":7043.47},{"text":"armed","start":7043.47,"end":7043.75},{"text":"conflicts","start":7044.03,"end":7044.83},{"text":"and","start":7044.91,"end":7045.19},{"text":"the","start":7045.19,"end":7045.31},{"text":"means","start":7045.31,"end":7045.79},{"text":"and","start":7046.43,"end":7046.83},{"text":"methods","start":7046.83,"end":7047.47},{"text":"of","start":7047.47,"end":7047.63},{"text":"warfare","start":7047.63,"end":7048.11},{"text":"continues","start":7048.11,"end":7048.67},{"text":"to","start":7048.67,"end":7048.79},{"text":"evolve,","start":7048.79,"end":7049.39},{"text":"it","start":7049.95,"end":7050.19},{"text":"is","start":7050.19,"end":7050.43},{"text":"essential","start":7050.67,"end":7051.27},{"text":"to","start":7051.27,"end":7051.39},{"text":"ensure","start":7051.39,"end":7051.95},{"text":"full","start":7051.95,"end":7052.43},{"text":"respect","start":7052.75,"end":7053.55},{"text":"for","start":7053.55,"end":7053.87},{"text":"the","start":7053.87,"end":7053.95},{"text":"fundamental","start":7053.95,"end":7054.59},{"text":"principle","start":7054.59,"end":7055.23},{"text":"for","start":7055.43,"end":7055.63},{"text":"international","start":7055.63,"end":7056.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7056.15,"end":7056.75},{"text":"law.","start":7056.75,"end":7057.19}]},{"text":"In particular, the development and use of the emerging technology, including AI, autonomous weapons system, and cyber capabilities, must remain consistent with the applicable international law, including international humanitarian law.","start":7057.55,"end":7071.75,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7057.55,"end":7057.79},{"text":"particular,","start":7057.79,"end":7058.59},{"text":"the","start":7058.59,"end":7058.75},{"text":"development","start":7058.75,"end":7059.31},{"text":"and","start":7059.31,"end":7059.51},{"text":"use","start":7059.51,"end":7059.87},{"text":"of","start":7059.87,"end":7059.95},{"text":"the","start":7059.95,"end":7060.03},{"text":"emerging","start":7060.03,"end":7060.47},{"text":"technology,","start":7060.47,"end":7061.15},{"text":"including","start":7061.15,"end":7061.63},{"text":"AI,","start":7061.79,"end":7062.11},{"text":"autonomous","start":7062.79,"end":7063.31},{"text":"weapons","start":7063.31,"end":7063.83},{"text":"system,","start":7063.83,"end":7064.35},{"text":"and","start":7064.35,"end":7064.55},{"text":"cyber","start":7064.55,"end":7064.91},{"text":"capabilities,","start":7064.91,"end":7065.87},{"text":"must","start":7066.11,"end":7066.43},{"text":"remain","start":7066.43,"end":7067.07},{"text":"consistent","start":7067.07,"end":7067.79},{"text":"with","start":7067.79,"end":7067.99},{"text":"the","start":7067.99,"end":7068.07},{"text":"applicable","start":7068.07,"end":7068.75},{"text":"international","start":7068.75,"end":7069.35},{"text":"law,","start":7069.35,"end":7069.55},{"text":"including","start":7069.55,"end":7070.11},{"text":"international","start":7070.15,"end":7070.71},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7070.71,"end":7071.31},{"text":"law.","start":7071.31,"end":7071.75}]},{"text":"At the same time, concrete efforts to minimize civilian harm must continue.","start":7072.71,"end":7077.63,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":7072.71,"end":7072.79},{"text":"the","start":7072.79,"end":7072.91},{"text":"same","start":7072.91,"end":7073.15},{"text":"time,","start":7073.15,"end":7073.55},{"text":"concrete","start":7073.55,"end":7074.03},{"text":"efforts","start":7074.03,"end":7074.47},{"text":"to","start":7074.47,"end":7074.55},{"text":"minimize","start":7074.55,"end":7075.51},{"text":"civilian","start":7075.71,"end":7076.27},{"text":"harm","start":7076.27,"end":7076.63},{"text":"must","start":7076.63,"end":7076.91},{"text":"continue.","start":7076.91,"end":7077.63}]},{"text":"In this regard, my delegation welcomes the international efforts to reduce the humanitarian consequences arising from the use of explosive weapons in the populated areas.","start":7077.95,"end":7087.47,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7077.95,"end":7078.11},{"text":"this","start":7078.11,"end":7078.27},{"text":"regard,","start":7078.27,"end":7078.83},{"text":"my","start":7078.83,"end":7078.99},{"text":"delegation","start":7078.99,"end":7079.55},{"text":"welcomes","start":7079.55,"end":7079.99},{"text":"the","start":7079.99,"end":7080.07},{"text":"international","start":7080.07,"end":7080.55},{"text":"efforts","start":7080.55,"end":7080.91},{"text":"to","start":7080.91,"end":7081.03},{"text":"reduce","start":7081.03,"end":7081.47},{"text":"the","start":7081.47,"end":7081.59},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7081.59,"end":7082.27},{"text":"consequences","start":7082.27,"end":7082.99},{"text":"arising","start":7083.23,"end":7083.71},{"text":"from","start":7083.71,"end":7084.03},{"text":"the","start":7084.03,"end":7084.15},{"text":"use","start":7084.19,"end":7084.51},{"text":"of","start":7084.51,"end":7084.67},{"text":"explosive","start":7084.67,"end":7085.35},{"text":"weapons","start":7085.35,"end":7085.87},{"text":"in","start":7085.87,"end":7086.03},{"text":"the","start":7086.03,"end":7086.11},{"text":"populated","start":7086.11,"end":7086.83},{"text":"areas.","start":7086.83,"end":7087.47}]},{"text":"We underscore the importance of the political declaration adopted in Dublin 2022 and encourage its effective implementation.","start":7088.03,"end":7100.19,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7088.03,"end":7088.19},{"text":"underscore","start":7088.19,"end":7088.91},{"text":"the","start":7088.91,"end":7089.07},{"text":"importance","start":7089.07,"end":7089.79},{"text":"of","start":7089.79,"end":7089.91},{"text":"the","start":7089.91,"end":7090.03},{"text":"political","start":7090.11,"end":7090.59},{"text":"declaration","start":7090.59,"end":7091.39},{"text":"adopted","start":7091.39,"end":7092.03},{"text":"in","start":7092.03,"end":7092.27},{"text":"Dublin","start":7092.27,"end":7092.75},{"text":"2022","start":7092.75,"end":7095.15},{"text":"and","start":7096.59,"end":7097.47},{"text":"encourage","start":7097.63,"end":7098.27},{"text":"its","start":7098.27,"end":7098.59},{"text":"effective","start":7098.71,"end":7099.23},{"text":"implementation.","start":7099.23,"end":7100.19}]},{"text":"Third, the Republic of Korea remains firmly committed to strengthening the implementation of international humanitarian law through national efforts and international cooperation.","start":7101.07,"end":7112.27,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7101.07,"end":7101.47},{"text":"the","start":7101.63,"end":7101.75},{"text":"Republic","start":7101.83,"end":7102.35},{"text":"of","start":7102.35,"end":7102.55},{"text":"Korea","start":7102.55,"end":7103.03},{"text":"remains","start":7103.03,"end":7103.63},{"text":"firmly","start":7103.63,"end":7104.03},{"text":"committed","start":7104.03,"end":7104.51},{"text":"to","start":7104.51,"end":7104.67},{"text":"strengthening","start":7104.67,"end":7105.39},{"text":"the","start":7105.39,"end":7105.47},{"text":"implementation","start":7105.47,"end":7106.59},{"text":"of","start":7106.75,"end":7106.95},{"text":"international","start":7106.95,"end":7107.51},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7107.51,"end":7108.19},{"text":"law","start":7108.19,"end":7108.63},{"text":"through","start":7108.87,"end":7109.31},{"text":"national","start":7109.87,"end":7110.31},{"text":"efforts","start":7110.31,"end":7110.87},{"text":"and","start":7110.87,"end":7110.99},{"text":"international","start":7110.99,"end":7111.55},{"text":"cooperation.","start":7111.55,"end":7112.27}]},{"text":"In this regard, we are pleased to have joined the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law initiated by ICRC.","start":7112.83,"end":7122.83,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7112.83,"end":7112.99},{"text":"this","start":7112.99,"end":7113.23},{"text":"regard,","start":7113.23,"end":7113.79},{"text":"we","start":7113.79,"end":7113.95},{"text":"are","start":7113.95,"end":7114.03},{"text":"pleased","start":7114.03,"end":7114.47},{"text":"to","start":7114.47,"end":7114.59},{"text":"have","start":7114.59,"end":7114.83},{"text":"joined","start":7114.83,"end":7115.19},{"text":"the","start":7115.19,"end":7115.27},{"text":"global","start":7115.27,"end":7115.63},{"text":"initiative","start":7115.63,"end":7116.19},{"text":"to","start":7116.19,"end":7116.35},{"text":"galvanize","start":7116.35,"end":7116.91},{"text":"political","start":7116.91,"end":7117.39},{"text":"commitment","start":7117.39,"end":7118.07},{"text":"to","start":7118.07,"end":7118.27},{"text":"international","start":7118.35,"end":7119.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7119.15,"end":7120.03},{"text":"law","start":7120.03,"end":7120.47},{"text":"initiated","start":7120.59,"end":7121.71},{"text":"by","start":7121.71,"end":7121.99},{"text":"ICRC.","start":7121.99,"end":7122.83}]},{"text":"We welcome this timely initiative which seeks to The new political commitment to international humanitarian law promotes its effective implementation and develops practical recommendations to address contemporary humanitarian challenges.","start":7123.39,"end":7139.79,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7123.39,"end":7123.55},{"text":"welcome","start":7123.55,"end":7124.03},{"text":"this","start":7124.03,"end":7124.27},{"text":"timely","start":7124.27,"end":7124.75},{"text":"initiative","start":7124.75,"end":7125.55},{"text":"which","start":7125.75,"end":7126.03},{"text":"seeks","start":7126.03,"end":7126.35},{"text":"to","start":7126.35,"end":7126.75},{"text":"The","start":7127.39,"end":7127.55},{"text":"new","start":7127.63,"end":7128.11},{"text":"political","start":7128.11,"end":7128.59},{"text":"commitment","start":7128.59,"end":7129.31},{"text":"to","start":7129.31,"end":7129.55},{"text":"international","start":7129.63,"end":7130.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7130.23,"end":7130.83},{"text":"law","start":7130.83,"end":7131.23},{"text":"promotes","start":7131.23,"end":7131.75},{"text":"its","start":7131.75,"end":7131.95},{"text":"effective","start":7131.95,"end":7132.51},{"text":"implementation","start":7132.51,"end":7133.47},{"text":"and","start":7133.71,"end":7133.87},{"text":"develops","start":7133.87,"end":7134.43},{"text":"practical","start":7134.51,"end":7135.15},{"text":"recommendations","start":7135.15,"end":7135.91},{"text":"to","start":7135.91,"end":7136.07},{"text":"address","start":7136.07,"end":7136.51},{"text":"contemporary","start":7137.31,"end":7138.35},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7138.35,"end":7139.07},{"text":"challenges.","start":7139.07,"end":7139.79}]},{"text":"We believe it offers a valuable opportunity to strengthen international cooperation and translate our shared responsibility into concrete action.","start":7140.35,"end":7148.83,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7140.35,"end":7140.51},{"text":"believe","start":7140.51,"end":7140.91},{"text":"it","start":7140.91,"end":7141.15},{"text":"offers","start":7141.15,"end":7141.67},{"text":"a","start":7141.67,"end":7141.71},{"text":"valuable","start":7141.75,"end":7142.23},{"text":"opportunity","start":7142.23,"end":7142.99},{"text":"to","start":7142.99,"end":7143.15},{"text":"strengthen","start":7143.15,"end":7143.67},{"text":"international","start":7143.67,"end":7144.19},{"text":"cooperation","start":7144.19,"end":7144.83},{"text":"and","start":7144.83,"end":7144.95},{"text":"translate","start":7144.99,"end":7145.55},{"text":"our","start":7145.55,"end":7145.79},{"text":"shared","start":7145.79,"end":7146.15},{"text":"responsibility","start":7146.15,"end":7147.23},{"text":"into","start":7147.63,"end":7147.83},{"text":"concrete","start":7147.83,"end":7148.35},{"text":"action.","start":7148.35,"end":7148.83}]},{"text":"At the national level, the Korean Committee for International Humanitarian Law continues to contribute to implementation of international humanitarian law through cooperation among the relevant government institutions and other stakeholders.","start":7149.47,"end":7162.91,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":7149.47,"end":7149.63},{"text":"the","start":7149.63,"end":7149.71},{"text":"national","start":7149.71,"end":7150.11},{"text":"level,","start":7150.11,"end":7150.43},{"text":"the","start":7150.43,"end":7150.55},{"text":"Korean","start":7150.55,"end":7150.91},{"text":"Committee","start":7150.91,"end":7151.39},{"text":"for","start":7151.55,"end":7151.87},{"text":"International","start":7151.87,"end":7152.39},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":7152.39,"end":7152.99},{"text":"Law","start":7152.99,"end":7153.23},{"text":"continues","start":7153.23,"end":7153.87},{"text":"to","start":7153.87,"end":7153.99},{"text":"contribute","start":7153.99,"end":7154.79},{"text":"to","start":7154.79,"end":7154.91},{"text":"implementation","start":7154.91,"end":7155.91},{"text":"of","start":7155.91,"end":7156.03},{"text":"international","start":7156.03,"end":7156.51},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7156.51,"end":7157.15},{"text":"law","start":7157.15,"end":7157.31},{"text":"through","start":7157.43,"end":7157.79},{"text":"cooperation","start":7158.07,"end":7158.67},{"text":"among","start":7158.67,"end":7159.07},{"text":"the","start":7159.07,"end":7159.15},{"text":"relevant","start":7159.19,"end":7159.71},{"text":"government","start":7159.71,"end":7160.23},{"text":"institutions","start":7160.23,"end":7161.23},{"text":"and","start":7161.47,"end":7161.71},{"text":"other","start":7161.71,"end":7162.03},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":7162.03,"end":7162.91}]},{"text":"We also attest great importance to the dispensable law of the ICRC and other humanitarian organization in protecting and assisting those affected by armed conflicts, as well as in promoting greater understanding of and respect for international humanitarian law.","start":7163.43,"end":7181.27,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7163.43,"end":7163.59},{"text":"also","start":7163.59,"end":7163.87},{"text":"attest","start":7163.87,"end":7164.27},{"text":"great","start":7164.27,"end":7164.59},{"text":"importance","start":7164.59,"end":7165.19},{"text":"to","start":7165.19,"end":7165.43},{"text":"the","start":7165.43,"end":7165.59},{"text":"dispensable","start":7165.59,"end":7166.71},{"text":"law","start":7166.71,"end":7166.95},{"text":"of","start":7167.19,"end":7167.43},{"text":"the","start":7167.43,"end":7167.51},{"text":"ICRC","start":7167.51,"end":7168.39},{"text":"and","start":7168.39,"end":7168.63},{"text":"other","start":7168.63,"end":7168.79},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7168.79,"end":7169.43},{"text":"organization","start":7169.43,"end":7170.31},{"text":"in","start":7170.55,"end":7170.71},{"text":"protecting","start":7170.71,"end":7171.43},{"text":"and","start":7171.43,"end":7171.59},{"text":"assisting","start":7171.59,"end":7172.15},{"text":"those","start":7172.15,"end":7172.47},{"text":"affected","start":7172.47,"end":7173.11},{"text":"by","start":7173.11,"end":7173.43},{"text":"armed","start":7173.43,"end":7173.67},{"text":"conflicts,","start":7173.67,"end":7174.31},{"text":"as","start":7174.79,"end":7174.95},{"text":"well","start":7174.95,"end":7175.23},{"text":"as","start":7175.23,"end":7175.43},{"text":"in","start":7175.43,"end":7175.59},{"text":"promoting","start":7175.59,"end":7176.07},{"text":"greater","start":7176.07,"end":7176.55},{"text":"understanding","start":7176.55,"end":7177.59},{"text":"of","start":7177.59,"end":7177.75},{"text":"and","start":7178.39,"end":7178.91},{"text":"respect","start":7178.91,"end":7179.43},{"text":"for","start":7179.43,"end":7179.67},{"text":"international","start":7179.67,"end":7180.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7180.23,"end":7180.91},{"text":"law.","start":7180.91,"end":7181.27}]},{"text":"Furthermore, we recognize the importance of the appropriate national measures to ensure compliance with international humanitarian law and address alleged violations in accordance with applicable international legal obligations.","start":7182.39,"end":7199.03,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":7182.39,"end":7183.03},{"text":"we","start":7183.19,"end":7183.43},{"text":"recognize","start":7183.83,"end":7184.43},{"text":"the","start":7184.43,"end":7184.51},{"text":"importance","start":7184.51,"end":7185.11},{"text":"of","start":7185.11,"end":7185.27},{"text":"the","start":7185.27,"end":7185.39},{"text":"appropriate","start":7186.19,"end":7186.91},{"text":"national","start":7186.91,"end":7187.31},{"text":"measures","start":7187.31,"end":7187.83},{"text":"to","start":7187.83,"end":7188.07},{"text":"ensure","start":7188.11,"end":7188.55},{"text":"compliance","start":7188.55,"end":7189.27},{"text":"with","start":7189.27,"end":7189.47},{"text":"international","start":7189.47,"end":7190.23},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7190.23,"end":7191.03},{"text":"law","start":7191.03,"end":7191.47},{"text":"and","start":7191.59,"end":7191.79},{"text":"address","start":7191.79,"end":7192.19},{"text":"alleged","start":7192.19,"end":7192.87},{"text":"violations","start":7192.91,"end":7193.95},{"text":"in","start":7194.23,"end":7194.47},{"text":"accordance","start":7194.47,"end":7195.11},{"text":"with","start":7195.11,"end":7195.35},{"text":"applicable","start":7195.35,"end":7197.03},{"text":"international","start":7197.11,"end":7197.71},{"text":"legal","start":7197.71,"end":7197.99},{"text":"obligations.","start":7197.99,"end":7199.03}]},{"text":"Strengthening national capacity and promoting international cooperation can contribute to these efforts.","start":7199.43,"end":7204.71,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Strengthening","start":7199.43,"end":7200.11},{"text":"national","start":7200.11,"end":7200.47},{"text":"capacity","start":7200.47,"end":7201.19},{"text":"and","start":7201.19,"end":7201.35},{"text":"promoting","start":7201.35,"end":7201.83},{"text":"international","start":7201.83,"end":7202.31},{"text":"cooperation","start":7202.31,"end":7202.83},{"text":"can","start":7202.83,"end":7203.19},{"text":"contribute","start":7203.19,"end":7203.71},{"text":"to","start":7203.71,"end":7203.79},{"text":"these","start":7203.79,"end":7203.99},{"text":"efforts.","start":7203.99,"end":7204.71}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, in closing, the Republic of Korea reaffirms its complete commitment to the universalization, dissemination, and effective implementation of international human rights.","start":7205.27,"end":7217.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7205.27,"end":7205.59},{"text":"Chair,","start":7205.59,"end":7205.99},{"text":"in","start":7205.99,"end":7206.15},{"text":"closing,","start":7206.15,"end":7206.87},{"text":"the","start":7207.03,"end":7207.19},{"text":"Republic","start":7207.23,"end":7207.75},{"text":"of","start":7207.75,"end":7207.83},{"text":"Korea","start":7207.83,"end":7208.55},{"text":"reaffirms","start":7208.55,"end":7209.43},{"text":"its","start":7209.43,"end":7209.59},{"text":"complete","start":7209.59,"end":7210.03},{"text":"commitment","start":7210.03,"end":7210.75},{"text":"to","start":7210.75,"end":7211.03},{"text":"the","start":7211.03,"end":7211.11},{"text":"universalization,","start":7211.11,"end":7213.11},{"text":"dissemination,","start":7213.95,"end":7215.11},{"text":"and","start":7215.11,"end":7215.35},{"text":"effective","start":7215.35,"end":7215.91},{"text":"implementation","start":7215.91,"end":7216.51},{"text":"of","start":7216.51,"end":7216.59},{"text":"international","start":7216.59,"end":7217.07},{"text":"human","start":7217.07,"end":7217.31},{"text":"rights.","start":7217.31,"end":7217.47}]},{"text":"humanitarian law.","start":7217.57,"end":7218.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"humanitarian","start":7217.57,"end":7218.13},{"text":"law.","start":7218.13,"end":7218.53}]},{"text":"We stand ready to work constructively with member states and relevant partners to uphold humanity and strengthen the protection of victims of armed conflicts.","start":7218.89,"end":7229.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7218.89,"end":7219.05},{"text":"stand","start":7219.05,"end":7219.45},{"text":"ready","start":7219.49,"end":7219.77},{"text":"to","start":7219.77,"end":7220.01},{"text":"work","start":7220.01,"end":7220.37},{"text":"constructively","start":7220.37,"end":7221.37},{"text":"with","start":7221.37,"end":7221.61},{"text":"member","start":7221.61,"end":7221.93},{"text":"states","start":7221.93,"end":7222.41},{"text":"and","start":7222.41,"end":7222.65},{"text":"relevant","start":7222.65,"end":7223.05},{"text":"partners","start":7223.05,"end":7223.77},{"text":"to","start":7223.77,"end":7224.05},{"text":"uphold","start":7224.05,"end":7224.45},{"text":"humanity","start":7224.45,"end":7225.09},{"text":"and","start":7225.09,"end":7225.25},{"text":"strengthen","start":7225.25,"end":7225.85},{"text":"the","start":7225.85,"end":7226.01},{"text":"protection","start":7226.01,"end":7226.49},{"text":"of","start":7226.49,"end":7226.65},{"text":"victims","start":7226.65,"end":7227.29},{"text":"of","start":7227.77,"end":7228.01},{"text":"armed","start":7228.01,"end":7228.41},{"text":"conflicts.","start":7228.41,"end":7229.05}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":7229.21,"end":7230.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7229.21,"end":7229.45},{"text":"you,","start":7229.45,"end":7229.53},{"text":"Madam","start":7229.53,"end":7229.85},{"text":"Chair.","start":7229.85,"end":7230.25}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"KOR","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Republic of Korea"}},{"statement_number":47,"start":7232.09,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:00:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea for her statement.","start":7232.09,"end":7236.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7232.09,"end":7232.13},{"text":"thank","start":7232.13,"end":7232.37},{"text":"the","start":7232.37,"end":7232.45},{"text":"distinguished","start":7232.49,"end":7233.09},{"text":"representative","start":7233.09,"end":7233.93},{"text":"of","start":7233.93,"end":7234.01},{"text":"the","start":7234.01,"end":7234.09},{"text":"Republic","start":7234.25,"end":7234.73},{"text":"of","start":7234.73,"end":7234.89},{"text":"Korea","start":7234.89,"end":7235.37},{"text":"for","start":7235.37,"end":7235.69},{"text":"her","start":7235.69,"end":7235.85},{"text":"statement.","start":7235.85,"end":7236.57}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Armenia.","start":7236.57,"end":7239.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7236.57,"end":7236.65},{"text":"give","start":7236.65,"end":7236.81},{"text":"the","start":7236.81,"end":7236.93},{"text":"floor","start":7236.97,"end":7237.29},{"text":"to","start":7237.29,"end":7237.41},{"text":"the","start":7237.41,"end":7237.49},{"text":"distinguished","start":7237.49,"end":7238.13},{"text":"representative","start":7238.13,"end":7238.97},{"text":"of","start":7238.97,"end":7239.21},{"text":"Armenia.","start":7239.29,"end":7239.85}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":48,"start":7243.45,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:00:44","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair. The Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols thereto represent a collective commitment to preserving humanity in the midst of armed conflict.","start":7243.45,"end":7254.25,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7243.45,"end":7243.69},{"text":"you,","start":7243.69,"end":7243.77},{"text":"Madam","start":7243.77,"end":7244.09},{"text":"Chair.","start":7244.09,"end":7244.49},{"text":"The","start":7245.45,"end":7245.49},{"text":"Geneva","start":7245.49,"end":7245.85},{"text":"Conventions","start":7245.85,"end":7246.73},{"text":"and","start":7246.81,"end":7247.01},{"text":"the","start":7247.01,"end":7247.09},{"text":"Additional","start":7247.09,"end":7247.45},{"text":"Protocols","start":7247.45,"end":7248.09},{"text":"thereto","start":7248.09,"end":7248.65},{"text":"represent","start":7248.81,"end":7249.37},{"text":"a","start":7249.37,"end":7249.45},{"text":"collective","start":7249.45,"end":7249.93},{"text":"commitment","start":7249.93,"end":7250.65},{"text":"to","start":7250.81,"end":7250.97},{"text":"preserving","start":7251.17,"end":7251.69},{"text":"humanity","start":7251.69,"end":7252.41},{"text":"in","start":7252.65,"end":7252.77},{"text":"the","start":7252.77,"end":7252.85},{"text":"midst","start":7252.85,"end":7253.21},{"text":"of","start":7253.21,"end":7253.29},{"text":"armed","start":7253.37,"end":7253.61},{"text":"conflict.","start":7253.61,"end":7254.25}]},{"text":"Armenia reaffirms its steadfast commitment to international humanitarian law and to the fundamental principles enshrined in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the Additional Protocols thereto.","start":7255.01,"end":7266.25,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Armenia","start":7255.01,"end":7255.37},{"text":"reaffirms","start":7255.37,"end":7256.01},{"text":"its","start":7256.01,"end":7256.21},{"text":"steadfast","start":7256.21,"end":7256.65},{"text":"commitment","start":7256.65,"end":7257.33},{"text":"to","start":7257.33,"end":7257.41},{"text":"international","start":7257.41,"end":7257.97},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7257.97,"end":7258.65},{"text":"law","start":7258.65,"end":7258.97},{"text":"and","start":7259.49,"end":7259.65},{"text":"to","start":7259.65,"end":7259.81},{"text":"the","start":7259.81,"end":7259.93},{"text":"fundamental","start":7259.93,"end":7260.41},{"text":"principles","start":7260.41,"end":7261.21},{"text":"enshrined","start":7261.25,"end":7261.85},{"text":"in","start":7261.85,"end":7262.01},{"text":"the","start":7262.01,"end":7262.09},{"text":"Geneva","start":7262.09,"end":7262.45},{"text":"Conventions","start":7262.45,"end":7263.29},{"text":"of","start":7263.37,"end":7263.53},{"text":"1949","start":7263.53,"end":7264.65},{"text":"and","start":7264.65,"end":7264.85},{"text":"the","start":7264.85,"end":7264.93},{"text":"Additional","start":7264.93,"end":7265.29},{"text":"Protocols","start":7265.29,"end":7265.73},{"text":"thereto.","start":7265.77,"end":7266.25}]},{"text":"Their nearly universal acceptance reflects the international community's common recognition that the protection of persons affected by armed conflicts is a fundamental obligation that must be upheld in all circumstances.","start":7267.21,"end":7280.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":7267.21,"end":7267.37},{"text":"nearly","start":7267.37,"end":7267.85},{"text":"universal","start":7267.93,"end":7268.57},{"text":"acceptance","start":7268.65,"end":7269.45},{"text":"reflects","start":7269.45,"end":7269.93},{"text":"the","start":7269.93,"end":7270.05},{"text":"international","start":7270.05,"end":7270.57},{"text":"community's","start":7270.57,"end":7271.21},{"text":"common","start":7271.21,"end":7271.61},{"text":"recognition","start":7271.61,"end":7272.25},{"text":"that","start":7272.65,"end":7272.85},{"text":"the","start":7272.85,"end":7272.93},{"text":"protection","start":7272.93,"end":7273.49},{"text":"of","start":7273.49,"end":7273.57},{"text":"persons","start":7273.57,"end":7274.25},{"text":"affected","start":7274.25,"end":7274.73},{"text":"by","start":7274.73,"end":7274.89},{"text":"armed","start":7274.97,"end":7275.25},{"text":"conflicts","start":7275.25,"end":7275.85},{"text":"is","start":7276.09,"end":7276.33},{"text":"a","start":7276.33,"end":7276.37},{"text":"fundamental","start":7276.37,"end":7277.05},{"text":"obligation","start":7277.05,"end":7277.77},{"text":"that","start":7278.25,"end":7278.41},{"text":"must","start":7278.41,"end":7278.69},{"text":"be","start":7278.69,"end":7278.81},{"text":"upheld","start":7278.81,"end":7279.29},{"text":"in","start":7279.29,"end":7279.45},{"text":"all","start":7279.45,"end":7279.77},{"text":"circumstances.","start":7279.77,"end":7280.57}]},{"text":"In this context, Armenia calls for universal adherence to the Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols.","start":7282.01,"end":7288.65,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7282.01,"end":7282.17},{"text":"this","start":7282.17,"end":7282.41},{"text":"context,","start":7282.41,"end":7283.01},{"text":"Armenia","start":7283.33,"end":7283.69},{"text":"calls","start":7283.69,"end":7284.09},{"text":"for","start":7284.09,"end":7284.33},{"text":"universal","start":7284.33,"end":7284.89},{"text":"adherence","start":7284.89,"end":7285.41},{"text":"to","start":7285.41,"end":7285.53},{"text":"the","start":7285.53,"end":7285.61},{"text":"Geneva","start":7285.61,"end":7286.01},{"text":"Conventions","start":7286.01,"end":7286.89},{"text":"and","start":7287.13,"end":7287.25},{"text":"their","start":7287.25,"end":7287.45},{"text":"additional","start":7287.45,"end":7287.93},{"text":"protocols.","start":7287.93,"end":7288.65}]},{"text":"We also strongly support the initiatives aimed at continuously strengthening and progressive development of IHL.","start":7289.29,"end":7295.85,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7289.29,"end":7289.45},{"text":"also","start":7289.45,"end":7289.81},{"text":"strongly","start":7289.81,"end":7290.33},{"text":"support","start":7290.33,"end":7290.77},{"text":"the","start":7290.77,"end":7290.85},{"text":"initiatives","start":7290.85,"end":7291.69},{"text":"aimed","start":7291.69,"end":7291.93},{"text":"at","start":7291.93,"end":7292.09},{"text":"continuously","start":7292.09,"end":7292.73},{"text":"strengthening","start":7292.73,"end":7293.37},{"text":"and","start":7293.77,"end":7293.97},{"text":"progressive","start":7293.97,"end":7294.41},{"text":"development","start":7294.41,"end":7295.05},{"text":"of","start":7295.05,"end":7295.21},{"text":"IHL.","start":7295.21,"end":7295.85}]},{"text":"With this in mind, Armenia has joined the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law.","start":7296.41,"end":7303.61,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":7296.41,"end":7296.65},{"text":"this","start":7296.65,"end":7296.81},{"text":"in","start":7296.81,"end":7296.93},{"text":"mind,","start":7296.93,"end":7297.37},{"text":"Armenia","start":7297.45,"end":7297.85},{"text":"has","start":7297.85,"end":7298.01},{"text":"joined","start":7298.01,"end":7298.41},{"text":"the","start":7298.41,"end":7298.49},{"text":"global","start":7298.49,"end":7298.81},{"text":"initiative","start":7298.81,"end":7299.45},{"text":"to","start":7299.45,"end":7299.61},{"text":"galvanize","start":7299.61,"end":7300.17},{"text":"political","start":7300.17,"end":7300.65},{"text":"commitment","start":7300.65,"end":7301.29},{"text":"to","start":7301.93,"end":7302.09},{"text":"international","start":7302.09,"end":7302.65},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7302.65,"end":7303.33},{"text":"law.","start":7303.33,"end":7303.61}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, we took note of the report of the Secretary General submitted pursuant to General Assembly Resolution 79/123.","start":7304.49,"end":7313.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7304.49,"end":7304.81},{"text":"Chair,","start":7304.81,"end":7305.21},{"text":"we","start":7305.45,"end":7305.61},{"text":"took","start":7305.61,"end":7305.85},{"text":"note","start":7305.85,"end":7306.09},{"text":"of","start":7306.09,"end":7306.25},{"text":"the","start":7306.25,"end":7306.33},{"text":"report","start":7306.33,"end":7306.77},{"text":"of","start":7306.77,"end":7306.85},{"text":"the","start":7306.85,"end":7306.93},{"text":"Secretary","start":7306.93,"end":7307.45},{"text":"General","start":7307.45,"end":7308.09},{"text":"submitted","start":7308.49,"end":7309.05},{"text":"pursuant","start":7309.05,"end":7309.57},{"text":"to","start":7309.57,"end":7309.69},{"text":"General","start":7309.69,"end":7310.09},{"text":"Assembly","start":7310.09,"end":7310.53},{"text":"Resolution","start":7310.53,"end":7311.05},{"text":"79/123.","start":7311.05,"end":7313.29}]},{"text":"The continuing relevance of the additional protocols must also be considered in conjunction with the development and application of customary international law, humanitarian law.","start":7314.01,"end":7324.81,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7314.01,"end":7314.17},{"text":"continuing","start":7314.17,"end":7314.77},{"text":"relevance","start":7314.77,"end":7315.29},{"text":"of","start":7315.29,"end":7315.37},{"text":"the","start":7315.37,"end":7315.49},{"text":"additional","start":7315.49,"end":7316.01},{"text":"protocols","start":7316.01,"end":7316.81},{"text":"must","start":7316.81,"end":7317.09},{"text":"also","start":7317.09,"end":7317.45},{"text":"be","start":7317.45,"end":7317.77},{"text":"considered","start":7317.85,"end":7318.57},{"text":"in","start":7318.89,"end":7319.05},{"text":"conjunction","start":7319.05,"end":7319.69},{"text":"with","start":7319.69,"end":7319.85},{"text":"the","start":7319.85,"end":7319.93},{"text":"development","start":7319.93,"end":7320.65},{"text":"and","start":7320.69,"end":7320.85},{"text":"application","start":7320.85,"end":7321.49},{"text":"of","start":7321.49,"end":7321.61},{"text":"customary","start":7321.61,"end":7322.09},{"text":"international","start":7322.09,"end":7322.89},{"text":"law,","start":7323.29,"end":7323.61},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7323.93,"end":7324.53},{"text":"law.","start":7324.53,"end":7324.81}]},{"text":"The fact that the state is not party to the particular treaty does not in itself place its conduct outside the framework of international humanitarian law.","start":7325.57,"end":7333.57,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7325.57,"end":7325.61},{"text":"fact","start":7325.61,"end":7325.89},{"text":"that","start":7325.89,"end":7326.01},{"text":"the","start":7326.01,"end":7326.13},{"text":"state","start":7326.13,"end":7326.37},{"text":"is","start":7326.37,"end":7326.53},{"text":"not","start":7326.53,"end":7326.77},{"text":"party","start":7326.77,"end":7327.17},{"text":"to","start":7327.17,"end":7327.29},{"text":"the","start":7327.29,"end":7327.41},{"text":"particular","start":7327.41,"end":7327.97},{"text":"treaty","start":7327.97,"end":7328.53},{"text":"does","start":7328.85,"end":7329.17},{"text":"not","start":7329.17,"end":7329.49},{"text":"in","start":7329.49,"end":7329.61},{"text":"itself","start":7329.61,"end":7330.05},{"text":"place","start":7330.05,"end":7330.33},{"text":"its","start":7330.33,"end":7330.45},{"text":"conduct","start":7330.45,"end":7331.01},{"text":"outside","start":7331.09,"end":7331.49},{"text":"the","start":7331.49,"end":7331.57},{"text":"framework","start":7331.57,"end":7332.09},{"text":"of","start":7332.09,"end":7332.21},{"text":"international","start":7332.21,"end":7332.77},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7332.77,"end":7333.37},{"text":"law.","start":7333.37,"end":7333.57}]},{"text":"In this regard, my delegation recognizes the valuable work of the International Committee of the Red Cross in documenting and disseminating developments in customary international humanitarian law.","start":7334.97,"end":7346.41,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7334.97,"end":7335.09},{"text":"this","start":7335.09,"end":7335.33},{"text":"regard,","start":7335.33,"end":7335.81},{"text":"my","start":7336.13,"end":7336.29},{"text":"delegation","start":7336.29,"end":7336.93},{"text":"recognizes","start":7336.93,"end":7337.57},{"text":"the","start":7337.57,"end":7337.69},{"text":"valuable","start":7337.69,"end":7338.21},{"text":"work","start":7338.21,"end":7338.61},{"text":"of","start":7338.61,"end":7338.77},{"text":"the","start":7338.77,"end":7338.85},{"text":"International","start":7338.85,"end":7339.41},{"text":"Committee","start":7339.41,"end":7339.89},{"text":"of","start":7339.89,"end":7340.05},{"text":"the","start":7340.05,"end":7340.13},{"text":"Red","start":7340.13,"end":7340.37},{"text":"Cross","start":7340.37,"end":7340.77},{"text":"in","start":7341.17,"end":7341.41},{"text":"documenting","start":7341.41,"end":7342.13},{"text":"and","start":7342.53,"end":7342.73},{"text":"disseminating","start":7342.73,"end":7343.41},{"text":"developments","start":7343.41,"end":7344.13},{"text":"in","start":7344.13,"end":7344.29},{"text":"customary","start":7344.29,"end":7344.85},{"text":"international","start":7344.85,"end":7345.49},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7345.49,"end":7346.17},{"text":"law.","start":7346.17,"end":7346.41}]},{"text":"This is particularly important with respect to the treatment of persons deprived of their liberty during armed conflict.","start":7347.65,"end":7354.93,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7347.65,"end":7347.85},{"text":"is","start":7347.85,"end":7347.97},{"text":"particularly","start":7347.97,"end":7348.65},{"text":"important","start":7348.65,"end":7349.25},{"text":"with","start":7349.25,"end":7349.41},{"text":"respect","start":7349.41,"end":7349.89},{"text":"to","start":7349.89,"end":7349.97},{"text":"the","start":7349.97,"end":7350.09},{"text":"treatment","start":7350.09,"end":7350.53},{"text":"of","start":7350.53,"end":7350.61},{"text":"persons","start":7350.61,"end":7351.25},{"text":"deprived","start":7351.73,"end":7352.21},{"text":"of","start":7352.25,"end":7352.37},{"text":"their","start":7352.37,"end":7352.53},{"text":"liberty","start":7352.53,"end":7353.17},{"text":"during","start":7353.65,"end":7353.97},{"text":"armed","start":7353.97,"end":7354.29},{"text":"conflict.","start":7354.29,"end":7354.93}]},{"text":"The legal status and treatment of persons captured during armed conflict must be determined and implemented in accordance with the applicable rules of international humanitarian law.","start":7355.81,"end":7366.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7355.81,"end":7355.97},{"text":"legal","start":7355.97,"end":7356.25},{"text":"status","start":7356.25,"end":7356.77},{"text":"and","start":7356.77,"end":7356.93},{"text":"treatment","start":7356.93,"end":7357.29},{"text":"of","start":7357.29,"end":7357.37},{"text":"persons","start":7357.37,"end":7357.97},{"text":"captured","start":7357.97,"end":7358.53},{"text":"during","start":7358.53,"end":7358.85},{"text":"armed","start":7358.85,"end":7359.09},{"text":"conflict","start":7359.09,"end":7359.73},{"text":"must","start":7360.13,"end":7360.37},{"text":"be","start":7360.37,"end":7360.49},{"text":"determined","start":7360.49,"end":7361.17},{"text":"and","start":7361.25,"end":7361.45},{"text":"implemented","start":7361.49,"end":7362.37},{"text":"in","start":7362.69,"end":7362.77},{"text":"accordance","start":7362.77,"end":7363.33},{"text":"with","start":7363.33,"end":7363.45},{"text":"the","start":7363.45,"end":7363.61},{"text":"applicable","start":7363.61,"end":7364.13},{"text":"rules","start":7364.13,"end":7364.37},{"text":"of","start":7364.49,"end":7364.61},{"text":"international","start":7364.61,"end":7365.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7365.13,"end":7365.77},{"text":"law.","start":7365.77,"end":7366.05}]},{"text":"All persons deprived of their liberty in connection with armed conflict must be treated humanely, with full respect for their dignity.","start":7367.09,"end":7375.89,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":7367.09,"end":7367.33},{"text":"persons","start":7367.33,"end":7367.85},{"text":"deprived","start":7367.85,"end":7368.37},{"text":"of","start":7368.37,"end":7368.53},{"text":"their","start":7368.53,"end":7368.77},{"text":"liberty","start":7368.77,"end":7369.41},{"text":"in","start":7369.49,"end":7369.61},{"text":"connection","start":7369.61,"end":7370.13},{"text":"with","start":7370.13,"end":7370.25},{"text":"armed","start":7370.29,"end":7370.61},{"text":"conflict","start":7370.61,"end":7371.17},{"text":"must","start":7371.57,"end":7371.85},{"text":"be","start":7371.85,"end":7371.97},{"text":"treated","start":7371.97,"end":7372.49},{"text":"humanely,","start":7372.49,"end":7373.17},{"text":"with","start":7373.65,"end":7373.81},{"text":"full","start":7373.81,"end":7374.05},{"text":"respect","start":7374.05,"end":7374.77},{"text":"for","start":7374.93,"end":7375.13},{"text":"their","start":7375.13,"end":7375.33},{"text":"dignity.","start":7375.33,"end":7375.89}]},{"text":"The relevant provisions of IHL concerning the release and repatriation must likewise be fully respected.","start":7376.61,"end":7383.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7376.61,"end":7376.73},{"text":"relevant","start":7376.73,"end":7377.13},{"text":"provisions","start":7377.13,"end":7377.73},{"text":"of","start":7377.73,"end":7377.89},{"text":"IHL","start":7377.89,"end":7378.37},{"text":"concerning","start":7378.37,"end":7379.01},{"text":"the","start":7379.01,"end":7379.09},{"text":"release","start":7379.09,"end":7379.65},{"text":"and","start":7379.65,"end":7379.81},{"text":"repatriation","start":7379.81,"end":7380.69},{"text":"must","start":7381.09,"end":7381.33},{"text":"likewise","start":7381.33,"end":7382.05},{"text":"be","start":7382.05,"end":7382.21},{"text":"fully","start":7382.21,"end":7382.69},{"text":"respected.","start":7382.77,"end":7383.49}]},{"text":"We also recognize the importance of protecting cultural property during armed conflict.","start":7385.01,"end":7389.41,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7385.01,"end":7385.17},{"text":"also","start":7385.17,"end":7385.45},{"text":"recognize","start":7385.45,"end":7385.93},{"text":"the","start":7385.93,"end":7386.01},{"text":"importance","start":7386.01,"end":7386.61},{"text":"of","start":7386.61,"end":7386.69},{"text":"protecting","start":7386.69,"end":7387.25},{"text":"cultural","start":7387.25,"end":7387.69},{"text":"property","start":7387.69,"end":7388.21},{"text":"during","start":7388.21,"end":7388.53},{"text":"armed","start":7388.53,"end":7388.85},{"text":"conflict.","start":7388.85,"end":7389.41}]},{"text":"Cultural heritage constitutes an essential part of the identity and history of peoples and communities.","start":7390.13,"end":7396.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Cultural","start":7390.13,"end":7390.61},{"text":"heritage","start":7390.61,"end":7391.17},{"text":"constitutes","start":7391.17,"end":7391.73},{"text":"an","start":7391.73,"end":7391.89},{"text":"essential","start":7391.89,"end":7392.45},{"text":"part","start":7392.45,"end":7392.77},{"text":"of","start":7392.77,"end":7392.85},{"text":"the","start":7392.85,"end":7393.01},{"text":"identity","start":7393.01,"end":7393.81},{"text":"and","start":7394.05,"end":7394.29},{"text":"history","start":7394.29,"end":7394.69},{"text":"of","start":7394.69,"end":7394.85},{"text":"peoples","start":7394.85,"end":7395.29},{"text":"and","start":7395.29,"end":7395.45},{"text":"communities.","start":7395.45,"end":7396.05}]},{"text":"Its destruction or misappropriation can have consequences extending far beyond the immediate effects of hostilities.","start":7397.09,"end":7404.53,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":7397.09,"end":7397.25},{"text":"destruction","start":7397.25,"end":7398.05},{"text":"or","start":7398.05,"end":7398.29},{"text":"misappropriation","start":7398.29,"end":7399.49},{"text":"can","start":7399.89,"end":7400.13},{"text":"have","start":7400.13,"end":7400.29},{"text":"consequences","start":7400.29,"end":7401.33},{"text":"extending","start":7401.33,"end":7401.97},{"text":"far","start":7401.97,"end":7402.21},{"text":"beyond","start":7402.21,"end":7402.57},{"text":"the","start":7402.57,"end":7402.65},{"text":"immediate","start":7402.65,"end":7403.13},{"text":"effects","start":7403.13,"end":7403.57},{"text":"of","start":7403.57,"end":7403.73},{"text":"hostilities.","start":7403.73,"end":7404.53}]},{"text":"Parties to armed conflicts must therefore comply fully with the applicable rules protecting cultural property.","start":7405.65,"end":7412.45,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Parties","start":7405.65,"end":7406.05},{"text":"to","start":7406.05,"end":7406.21},{"text":"armed","start":7406.21,"end":7406.45},{"text":"conflicts","start":7406.45,"end":7407.09},{"text":"must","start":7407.09,"end":7407.37},{"text":"therefore","start":7407.37,"end":7407.81},{"text":"comply","start":7407.81,"end":7408.21},{"text":"fully","start":7408.69,"end":7409.17},{"text":"with","start":7409.17,"end":7409.33},{"text":"the","start":7409.33,"end":7409.53},{"text":"applicable","start":7409.53,"end":7409.97},{"text":"rules","start":7409.97,"end":7410.45},{"text":"protecting","start":7410.77,"end":7411.33},{"text":"cultural","start":7411.33,"end":7411.89},{"text":"property.","start":7411.89,"end":7412.45}]},{"text":"As efforts to consolidate peace in our region continue, a number of outstanding humanitarian issues remain to be addressed.","start":7414.25,"end":7421.77,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7414.25,"end":7414.41},{"text":"efforts","start":7414.41,"end":7414.73},{"text":"to","start":7414.73,"end":7414.85},{"text":"consolidate","start":7414.85,"end":7415.53},{"text":"peace","start":7415.53,"end":7415.85},{"text":"in","start":7415.85,"end":7416.01},{"text":"our","start":7416.01,"end":7416.21},{"text":"region","start":7416.21,"end":7416.57},{"text":"continue,","start":7416.57,"end":7417.29},{"text":"a","start":7418.01,"end":7418.05},{"text":"number","start":7418.05,"end":7418.49},{"text":"of","start":7418.49,"end":7418.65},{"text":"outstanding","start":7418.73,"end":7419.33},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7419.33,"end":7419.93},{"text":"issues","start":7419.93,"end":7420.57},{"text":"remain","start":7420.57,"end":7420.97},{"text":"to","start":7420.97,"end":7421.05},{"text":"be","start":7421.05,"end":7421.21},{"text":"addressed.","start":7421.21,"end":7421.77}]},{"text":"These include the continued detention of 19 Armenians, the fate and whereabouts of missing persons, and cases of enforced disappearance.","start":7422.97,"end":7432.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7422.97,"end":7423.29},{"text":"include","start":7423.29,"end":7423.65},{"text":"the","start":7423.65,"end":7423.77},{"text":"continued","start":7423.77,"end":7424.29},{"text":"detention","start":7424.29,"end":7424.89},{"text":"of","start":7424.89,"end":7425.05},{"text":"19","start":7425.05,"end":7425.61},{"text":"Armenians,","start":7425.61,"end":7426.41},{"text":"the","start":7426.89,"end":7427.05},{"text":"fate","start":7427.05,"end":7427.53},{"text":"and","start":7427.61,"end":7427.77},{"text":"whereabouts","start":7427.77,"end":7428.37},{"text":"of","start":7428.37,"end":7428.49},{"text":"missing","start":7428.49,"end":7428.89},{"text":"persons,","start":7428.89,"end":7429.61},{"text":"and","start":7430.01,"end":7430.21},{"text":"cases","start":7430.21,"end":7430.81},{"text":"of","start":7430.89,"end":7431.13},{"text":"enforced","start":7431.21,"end":7431.65},{"text":"disappearance.","start":7431.65,"end":7432.57}]},{"text":"Addressing these issues in accordance with international humanitarian law and international human rights law will contribute to building trust and supporting reconciliation in the region.","start":7433.77,"end":7444.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Addressing","start":7433.77,"end":7434.29},{"text":"these","start":7434.29,"end":7434.49},{"text":"issues","start":7434.49,"end":7435.13},{"text":"in","start":7435.13,"end":7435.29},{"text":"accordance","start":7435.29,"end":7435.77},{"text":"with","start":7435.77,"end":7435.97},{"text":"international","start":7435.97,"end":7436.49},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7436.49,"end":7437.13},{"text":"law","start":7437.13,"end":7437.53},{"text":"and","start":7437.81,"end":7437.97},{"text":"international","start":7437.97,"end":7438.49},{"text":"human","start":7438.49,"end":7438.81},{"text":"rights","start":7438.81,"end":7439.05},{"text":"law","start":7439.05,"end":7439.41},{"text":"will","start":7439.85,"end":7439.93},{"text":"contribute","start":7439.93,"end":7440.73},{"text":"to","start":7440.73,"end":7440.81},{"text":"building","start":7440.81,"end":7441.21},{"text":"trust","start":7441.21,"end":7441.69},{"text":"and","start":7442.01,"end":7442.21},{"text":"supporting","start":7442.21,"end":7442.81},{"text":"reconciliation","start":7442.81,"end":7443.85},{"text":"in","start":7443.85,"end":7444.01},{"text":"the","start":7444.01,"end":7444.09},{"text":"region.","start":7444.09,"end":7444.57}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the effective implementation of the Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocols thereto requires more than formal adherence.","start":7446.17,"end":7454.57,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7446.17,"end":7446.57},{"text":"Chair,","start":7446.57,"end":7446.97},{"text":"the","start":7447.37,"end":7447.49},{"text":"effective","start":7447.49,"end":7447.89},{"text":"implementation","start":7447.89,"end":7448.73},{"text":"of","start":7448.73,"end":7448.81},{"text":"the","start":7448.81,"end":7448.93},{"text":"Geneva","start":7448.93,"end":7449.29},{"text":"Conventions","start":7449.29,"end":7450.09},{"text":"and","start":7450.09,"end":7450.21},{"text":"the","start":7450.21,"end":7450.33},{"text":"Additional","start":7450.57,"end":7451.05},{"text":"Protocols","start":7451.05,"end":7451.53},{"text":"thereto","start":7451.53,"end":7452.09},{"text":"requires","start":7452.53,"end":7453.05},{"text":"more","start":7453.05,"end":7453.29},{"text":"than","start":7453.29,"end":7453.45},{"text":"formal","start":7453.45,"end":7453.77},{"text":"adherence.","start":7453.77,"end":7454.57}]},{"text":"It requires practical measures at national level.","start":7454.97,"end":7457.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7454.97,"end":7455.13},{"text":"requires","start":7455.13,"end":7455.53},{"text":"practical","start":7455.53,"end":7456.01},{"text":"measures","start":7456.01,"end":7456.57},{"text":"at","start":7456.57,"end":7456.65},{"text":"national","start":7456.65,"end":7457.09},{"text":"level.","start":7457.09,"end":7457.45}]},{"text":"Armenia continues to integrate IHL into the training of its armed forces and relevant state institutions.","start":7458.45,"end":7464.57,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Armenia","start":7458.45,"end":7458.81},{"text":"continues","start":7458.81,"end":7459.37},{"text":"to","start":7459.37,"end":7459.45},{"text":"integrate","start":7459.45,"end":7460.01},{"text":"IHL","start":7460.01,"end":7460.57},{"text":"into","start":7460.57,"end":7460.85},{"text":"the","start":7460.85,"end":7460.97},{"text":"training","start":7460.97,"end":7461.41},{"text":"of","start":7461.49,"end":7461.61},{"text":"its","start":7461.61,"end":7461.77},{"text":"armed","start":7461.77,"end":7462.09},{"text":"forces","start":7462.09,"end":7462.73},{"text":"and","start":7462.73,"end":7462.89},{"text":"relevant","start":7462.89,"end":7463.37},{"text":"state","start":7463.37,"end":7463.69},{"text":"institutions.","start":7463.69,"end":7464.57}]},{"text":"Under the 2025-2026 Joint Action Plan between the Ministry of Defense and the ICRC, IHL courses have been conducted across army corps, including pre-deployment training, lectures for military cadets and senior officers, and training for border guard personnel.","start":7465.49,"end":7483.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Armenia","start":7484.97,"end":7485.37},{"text":"has","start":7485.37,"end":7485.61},{"text":"promoted","start":7485.61,"end":7486.09},{"text":"IHL","start":7486.09,"end":7486.57},{"text":"expertise","start":7486.65,"end":7487.37},{"text":"among","start":7487.45,"end":7487.85},{"text":"military","start":7487.93,"end":7488.49},{"text":"and","start":7488.53,"end":7488.65},{"text":"diplomatic","start":7488.65,"end":7489.21},{"text":"personnel","start":7489.21,"end":7489.93},{"text":"through","start":7490.33,"end":7490.49},{"text":"specialized","start":7490.49,"end":7491.09},{"text":"training","start":7491.09,"end":7491.61},{"text":"and","start":7491.61,"end":7491.77},{"text":"publications.","start":7491.77,"end":7492.73}]},{"text":"In November 2025, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the ICRC held a workshop on the diplomatic relevance of IHL.","start":7493.21,"end":7501.37,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7493.21,"end":7493.41},{"text":"November","start":7493.41,"end":7493.85},{"text":"2025,","start":7493.85,"end":7494.89},{"text":"the","start":7494.89,"end":7495.01},{"text":"Ministry","start":7495.01,"end":7495.41},{"text":"of","start":7495.41,"end":7495.49},{"text":"Foreign","start":7495.49,"end":7495.69},{"text":"Affairs","start":7495.69,"end":7496.25},{"text":"and","start":7496.25,"end":7496.49},{"text":"the","start":7496.53,"end":7496.61},{"text":"ICRC","start":7496.61,"end":7497.45},{"text":"held","start":7497.77,"end":7498.05},{"text":"a","start":7498.05,"end":7498.09},{"text":"workshop","start":7498.09,"end":7498.81},{"text":"on","start":7498.97,"end":7499.13},{"text":"the","start":7499.13,"end":7499.21},{"text":"diplomatic","start":7499.21,"end":7499.77},{"text":"relevance","start":7499.77,"end":7500.41},{"text":"of","start":7500.69,"end":7500.81},{"text":"IHL.","start":7500.89,"end":7501.37}]},{"text":"In March 2026, Armenia adopted a dedicated law on persons missing in circumstances resulting from military operations, which entered into force in May 2026.","start":7502.57,"end":7514.49,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7502.57,"end":7502.73},{"text":"March","start":7502.73,"end":7503.05},{"text":"2026,","start":7503.05,"end":7504.25},{"text":"Armenia","start":7504.49,"end":7504.85},{"text":"adopted","start":7504.85,"end":7505.33},{"text":"a","start":7505.33,"end":7505.37},{"text":"dedicated","start":7505.37,"end":7506.01},{"text":"law","start":7506.01,"end":7506.45},{"text":"on","start":7506.45,"end":7506.57},{"text":"persons","start":7506.57,"end":7507.21},{"text":"missing","start":7507.21,"end":7507.61},{"text":"in","start":7507.61,"end":7507.77},{"text":"circumstances","start":7507.77,"end":7508.73},{"text":"resulting","start":7509.05,"end":7509.65},{"text":"from","start":7509.65,"end":7509.85},{"text":"military","start":7509.85,"end":7510.33},{"text":"operations,","start":7510.33,"end":7511.21},{"text":"which","start":7511.77,"end":7512.09},{"text":"entered","start":7512.09,"end":7512.45},{"text":"into","start":7512.45,"end":7512.65},{"text":"force","start":7512.65,"end":7513.01},{"text":"in","start":7513.01,"end":7513.13},{"text":"May","start":7513.13,"end":7513.37},{"text":"2026.","start":7513.37,"end":7514.49}]},{"text":"The law establishes a comprehensive legal framework for the search of missing persons, the collection and management of relevant information, the identification of human remains, and the protection of the rights and interests of missing persons and their families.","start":7515.53,"end":7530.53,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7531.89,"end":7532.05},{"text":"December","start":7532.09,"end":7532.57},{"text":"2025,","start":7532.57,"end":7533.49},{"text":"Armenia","start":7533.97,"end":7534.41},{"text":"adopted","start":7534.41,"end":7534.89},{"text":"its","start":7534.89,"end":7535.01},{"text":"third","start":7535.05,"end":7535.25},{"text":"national","start":7535.25,"end":7535.73},{"text":"action","start":7535.73,"end":7536.05},{"text":"plan","start":7536.05,"end":7536.45},{"text":"on","start":7536.73,"end":7536.85},{"text":"women,","start":7536.93,"end":7537.25},{"text":"peace,","start":7537.33,"end":7537.57},{"text":"and","start":7537.57,"end":7537.73},{"text":"security","start":7537.73,"end":7538.45},{"text":"for","start":7538.77,"end":7538.93},{"text":"2025-2027,","start":7538.93,"end":7541.25},{"text":"providing","start":7542.21,"end":7542.69},{"text":"targeted","start":7542.69,"end":7543.09},{"text":"support","start":7543.09,"end":7543.45},{"text":"for","start":7543.45,"end":7543.65},{"text":"women","start":7543.65,"end":7544.17},{"text":"and","start":7544.17,"end":7544.29},{"text":"children","start":7544.29,"end":7544.93},{"text":"affected","start":7544.93,"end":7545.41},{"text":"by","start":7545.41,"end":7545.57},{"text":"conflict,","start":7545.57,"end":7546.21},{"text":"strengthening","start":7546.45,"end":7547.09},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7547.09,"end":7547.73},{"text":"to","start":7547.73,"end":7547.97},{"text":"address","start":7547.97,"end":7548.37},{"text":"conflict-related","start":7548.37,"end":7549.33},{"text":"violence,","start":7549.33,"end":7549.89},{"text":"and","start":7550.29,"end":7550.45},{"text":"promoting","start":7550.45,"end":7550.97},{"text":"civil","start":7551.25,"end":7551.73},{"text":"defense","start":7551.73,"end":7552.21},{"text":"preparedness","start":7552.21,"end":7553.09},{"text":"among","start":7553.49,"end":7553.73},{"text":"women","start":7553.81,"end":7554.21},{"text":"and","start":7554.21,"end":7554.37},{"text":"girls,","start":7554.37,"end":7554.81},{"text":"particularly","start":7555.01,"end":7555.89},{"text":"in","start":7555.97,"end":7556.13},{"text":"border","start":7556.13,"end":7556.53},{"text":"communities.","start":7556.53,"end":7557.33}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, my delegation reaffirms its full support for the continuing strengthening of international humanitarian law and for efforts to ensure its effective implementation.","start":7558.21,"end":7570.69,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":7558.21,"end":7558.61},{"text":"Chair,","start":7558.61,"end":7558.93},{"text":"my","start":7559.49,"end":7559.65},{"text":"delegation","start":7559.65,"end":7560.21},{"text":"reaffirms","start":7560.21,"end":7560.77},{"text":"its","start":7560.77,"end":7560.93},{"text":"full","start":7560.93,"end":7561.25},{"text":"support","start":7561.25,"end":7561.89},{"text":"for","start":7561.89,"end":7562.05},{"text":"the","start":7562.05,"end":7562.13},{"text":"continuing","start":7562.13,"end":7562.85},{"text":"strengthening","start":7562.85,"end":7563.65},{"text":"of","start":7563.89,"end":7564.05},{"text":"international","start":7564.05,"end":7564.57},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7564.57,"end":7565.29},{"text":"law","start":7565.29,"end":7565.69},{"text":"and","start":7566.05,"end":7566.21},{"text":"for","start":7566.21,"end":7566.45},{"text":"efforts","start":7566.85,"end":7567.25},{"text":"to","start":7567.25,"end":7567.45},{"text":"ensure","start":7567.49,"end":7568.05},{"text":"its","start":7568.93,"end":7569.17},{"text":"effective","start":7569.21,"end":7569.73},{"text":"implementation.","start":7569.73,"end":7570.69}]},{"text":"And I thank you.","start":7571.05,"end":7571.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7571.05,"end":7571.25},{"text":"I","start":7571.25,"end":7571.33},{"text":"thank","start":7571.33,"end":7571.61},{"text":"you.","start":7571.61,"end":7571.73}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ARM","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Armenia"}},{"statement_number":49,"start":7575.01,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:06:16","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Armenia for her statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of.","start":7575.01,"end":7582.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":7575.01,"end":7575.09},{"text":"thank","start":7575.09,"end":7575.45},{"text":"the","start":7575.45,"end":7575.53},{"text":"distinguished","start":7575.53,"end":7576.21},{"text":"representative","start":7576.21,"end":7577.25},{"text":"of","start":7577.37,"end":7577.45},{"text":"Armenia","start":7577.57,"end":7578.21},{"text":"for","start":7578.21,"end":7578.45},{"text":"her","start":7578.45,"end":7578.69},{"text":"statement,","start":7578.69,"end":7579.33},{"text":"and","start":7579.37,"end":7579.49},{"text":"I","start":7579.49,"end":7579.57},{"text":"give","start":7579.57,"end":7579.81},{"text":"the","start":7579.81,"end":7579.89},{"text":"floor","start":7579.89,"end":7580.29},{"text":"to","start":7580.29,"end":7580.45},{"text":"the","start":7580.45,"end":7580.53},{"text":"distinguished","start":7580.53,"end":7581.17},{"text":"representative","start":7581.17,"end":7582.05},{"text":"of.","start":7582.25,"end":7582.37}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Mexico.","start":7587.73,"end":7588.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mexico.","start":7587.73,"end":7588.85}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":50,"start":7589.17,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:06:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":7589.17,"end":7590.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7589.17,"end":7589.41},{"text":"you,","start":7589.41,"end":7589.53},{"text":"Madam","start":7589.53,"end":7589.89},{"text":"Chair.","start":7589.89,"end":7590.09}]},{"text":"Mexico has constantly firmly defended international humanitarian law.","start":7591.65,"end":7598.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Mexico","start":7591.65,"end":7592.61},{"text":"has","start":7593.17,"end":7593.49},{"text":"constantly","start":7593.49,"end":7594.45},{"text":"firmly","start":7594.53,"end":7595.13},{"text":"defended","start":7595.13,"end":7595.89},{"text":"international","start":7595.89,"end":7597.01},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7597.33,"end":7598.05},{"text":"law.","start":7598.05,"end":7598.45}]},{"text":"as it is vital in order to retain a minimum of humanity in situations of armed conflict.","start":7598.89,"end":7605.13,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"as","start":7598.89,"end":7599.13},{"text":"it","start":7599.13,"end":7599.25},{"text":"is","start":7599.25,"end":7599.37},{"text":"vital","start":7599.37,"end":7599.93},{"text":"in","start":7599.93,"end":7600.09},{"text":"order","start":7600.09,"end":7600.33},{"text":"to","start":7600.33,"end":7600.45},{"text":"retain","start":7600.45,"end":7601.17},{"text":"a","start":7601.17,"end":7601.21},{"text":"minimum","start":7601.21,"end":7601.77},{"text":"of","start":7601.77,"end":7601.85},{"text":"humanity","start":7601.85,"end":7602.65},{"text":"in","start":7602.81,"end":7603.29},{"text":"situations","start":7603.53,"end":7604.17},{"text":"of","start":7604.17,"end":7604.25},{"text":"armed","start":7604.25,"end":7604.49},{"text":"conflict.","start":7604.49,"end":7605.13}]},{"text":"As shown in our contribution to the Secretary-General's report, Mexico has carried out many actions to strengthen the existing system of IHL, both nationally and internationally.","start":7606.09,"end":7617.77,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7606.09,"end":7606.57},{"text":"shown","start":7606.57,"end":7607.13},{"text":"in","start":7607.13,"end":7607.21},{"text":"our","start":7607.21,"end":7607.33},{"text":"contribution","start":7607.33,"end":7608.01},{"text":"to","start":7608.01,"end":7608.13},{"text":"the","start":7608.17,"end":7608.29},{"text":"Secretary-General's","start":7608.29,"end":7609.25},{"text":"report,","start":7609.25,"end":7609.61},{"text":"Mexico","start":7610.01,"end":7610.53},{"text":"has","start":7610.57,"end":7610.81},{"text":"carried","start":7610.81,"end":7611.21},{"text":"out","start":7611.21,"end":7611.45},{"text":"many","start":7611.45,"end":7611.85},{"text":"actions","start":7611.85,"end":7612.41},{"text":"to","start":7612.41,"end":7612.57},{"text":"strengthen","start":7612.57,"end":7613.21},{"text":"the","start":7613.21,"end":7613.29},{"text":"existing","start":7613.29,"end":7613.85},{"text":"system","start":7613.85,"end":7614.25},{"text":"of","start":7614.25,"end":7614.41},{"text":"IHL,","start":7614.41,"end":7615.05},{"text":"both","start":7615.37,"end":7615.69},{"text":"nationally","start":7615.69,"end":7616.41},{"text":"and","start":7616.41,"end":7616.81},{"text":"internationally.","start":7616.81,"end":7617.77}]},{"text":"The dissemination of the principles of IHL in times of peace is a fundamental tool to ensure that it has compliance during armed conflicts.","start":7620.57,"end":7631.93,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7620.57,"end":7620.69},{"text":"dissemination","start":7620.73,"end":7621.85},{"text":"of","start":7621.85,"end":7622.25},{"text":"the","start":7622.25,"end":7622.37},{"text":"principles","start":7622.49,"end":7623.17},{"text":"of","start":7623.17,"end":7623.29},{"text":"IHL","start":7623.29,"end":7623.85},{"text":"in","start":7623.85,"end":7623.93},{"text":"times","start":7623.93,"end":7624.49},{"text":"of","start":7624.49,"end":7624.73},{"text":"peace","start":7624.73,"end":7625.21},{"text":"is","start":7625.53,"end":7625.69},{"text":"a","start":7625.69,"end":7625.77},{"text":"fundamental","start":7625.77,"end":7626.65},{"text":"tool","start":7627.37,"end":7627.85},{"text":"to","start":7628.17,"end":7628.29},{"text":"ensure","start":7628.29,"end":7628.65},{"text":"that","start":7628.65,"end":7628.97},{"text":"it","start":7629.53,"end":7629.65},{"text":"has","start":7629.69,"end":7630.01},{"text":"compliance","start":7630.01,"end":7630.73},{"text":"during","start":7630.73,"end":7631.05},{"text":"armed","start":7631.05,"end":7631.29},{"text":"conflicts.","start":7631.29,"end":7631.93}]},{"text":"Therefore, our Intersecretarial Commission of IHL coordinates annual courses for the capacity building of the armed forces and other public officials.","start":7632.49,"end":7644.41,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":7632.49,"end":7632.97},{"text":"our","start":7633.37,"end":7633.53},{"text":"Intersecretarial","start":7633.53,"end":7635.29},{"text":"Commission","start":7635.53,"end":7636.25},{"text":"of","start":7636.25,"end":7636.65},{"text":"IHL","start":7636.73,"end":7637.53},{"text":"coordinates","start":7637.53,"end":7638.33},{"text":"annual","start":7638.33,"end":7638.73},{"text":"courses","start":7638.73,"end":7639.29},{"text":"for","start":7639.45,"end":7639.61},{"text":"the","start":7639.61,"end":7639.73},{"text":"capacity","start":7639.77,"end":7640.37},{"text":"building","start":7640.37,"end":7640.89},{"text":"of","start":7640.89,"end":7641.21},{"text":"the","start":7641.21,"end":7641.33},{"text":"armed","start":7641.37,"end":7641.65},{"text":"forces","start":7641.65,"end":7642.25},{"text":"and","start":7642.57,"end":7643.13},{"text":"other","start":7643.29,"end":7643.53},{"text":"public","start":7643.53,"end":7643.89},{"text":"officials.","start":7643.89,"end":7644.41}]},{"text":"And this course is complemented by other academic activities to promote knowledge of IHL and international criminal law in the academic world.","start":7644.93,"end":7655.61,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7644.93,"end":7645.05},{"text":"this","start":7645.05,"end":7645.53},{"text":"course","start":7646.17,"end":7646.65},{"text":"is","start":7646.65,"end":7646.81},{"text":"complemented","start":7647.05,"end":7647.65},{"text":"by","start":7647.65,"end":7647.89},{"text":"other","start":7647.89,"end":7648.09},{"text":"academic","start":7648.09,"end":7648.81},{"text":"activities","start":7648.89,"end":7649.69},{"text":"to","start":7649.85,"end":7650.01},{"text":"promote","start":7650.01,"end":7650.49},{"text":"knowledge","start":7650.49,"end":7651.09},{"text":"of","start":7651.09,"end":7651.21},{"text":"IHL","start":7651.21,"end":7651.93},{"text":"and","start":7651.97,"end":7652.17},{"text":"international","start":7652.17,"end":7652.81},{"text":"criminal","start":7652.81,"end":7653.65},{"text":"law","start":7653.65,"end":7653.73},{"text":"in","start":7653.93,"end":7654.33},{"text":"the","start":7654.41,"end":7654.53},{"text":"academic","start":7654.65,"end":7655.21},{"text":"world.","start":7655.21,"end":7655.61}]},{"text":"Additionally, the Intersecretarial Commission has undertaken to analysis for the ratification of the international instruments on IHL, including the Additional Protocol II of 1977.","start":7657.37,"end":7673.49,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Additionally,","start":7657.37,"end":7658.09},{"text":"the","start":7658.57,"end":7658.73},{"text":"Intersecretarial","start":7659.05,"end":7660.25},{"text":"Commission","start":7660.49,"end":7661.13},{"text":"has","start":7661.81,"end":7662.17},{"text":"undertaken","start":7662.53,"end":7663.49},{"text":"to","start":7663.97,"end":7664.29},{"text":"analysis","start":7665.13,"end":7665.89},{"text":"for","start":7665.89,"end":7666.13},{"text":"the","start":7666.13,"end":7666.21},{"text":"ratification","start":7666.21,"end":7667.05},{"text":"of","start":7667.05,"end":7667.17},{"text":"the","start":7667.17,"end":7667.29},{"text":"international","start":7667.29,"end":7667.93},{"text":"instruments","start":7667.93,"end":7668.61},{"text":"on","start":7669.01,"end":7669.25},{"text":"IHL,","start":7669.41,"end":7670.13},{"text":"including","start":7670.13,"end":7670.61},{"text":"the","start":7670.65,"end":7670.73},{"text":"Additional","start":7670.73,"end":7671.37},{"text":"Protocol","start":7671.37,"end":7671.73},{"text":"II","start":7671.73,"end":7672.09},{"text":"of","start":7672.09,"end":7672.21},{"text":"1977.","start":7672.45,"end":7673.49}]},{"text":"Madam, the erosion of compliance with IHL is an extremely worrying trend.","start":7674.13,"end":7680.77,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":7674.13,"end":7674.53},{"text":"the","start":7675.09,"end":7675.29},{"text":"erosion","start":7675.29,"end":7676.29},{"text":"of","start":7676.29,"end":7676.61},{"text":"compliance","start":7676.61,"end":7677.41},{"text":"with","start":7677.41,"end":7677.57},{"text":"IHL","start":7677.57,"end":7678.37},{"text":"is","start":7678.69,"end":7678.89},{"text":"an","start":7678.89,"end":7678.97},{"text":"extremely","start":7678.97,"end":7679.49},{"text":"worrying","start":7679.49,"end":7679.97},{"text":"trend.","start":7679.97,"end":7680.77}]},{"text":"In a context where international armed conflicts are rising and there are new technological developments which constitute unprecedented challenges to maintain humanity in war, we must all as states renew our political commitment and actions in order to comply with the provisions in the Geneva Conventions and customary law.","start":7681.25,"end":7707.13,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":7707.65,"end":7707.89},{"text":"regard","start":7707.89,"end":7708.25},{"text":"to","start":7708.25,"end":7708.41},{"text":"IHL","start":7708.41,"end":7709.17},{"text":"and","start":7709.57,"end":7709.97},{"text":"the","start":7709.97,"end":7710.13},{"text":"access","start":7710.37,"end":7710.97},{"text":"of","start":7710.97,"end":7711.13},{"text":"sanitarian","start":7711.21,"end":7711.81},{"text":"aid","start":7711.81,"end":7711.93},{"text":"in","start":7711.93,"end":7712.01},{"text":"particular,","start":7712.01,"end":7712.77},{"text":"this","start":7713.33,"end":7713.61},{"text":"should","start":7713.61,"end":7713.89},{"text":"never,","start":7713.89,"end":7714.61},{"text":"neither","start":7715.41,"end":7716.05},{"text":"can","start":7716.13,"end":7716.45},{"text":"it","start":7716.45,"end":7716.53},{"text":"ever","start":7716.61,"end":7716.93},{"text":"be","start":7716.93,"end":7717.17},{"text":"used","start":7717.17,"end":7717.53},{"text":"as","start":7717.53,"end":7717.69},{"text":"a","start":7717.69,"end":7717.73},{"text":"means","start":7717.73,"end":7718.01},{"text":"of","start":7718.01,"end":7718.09},{"text":"barter","start":7718.09,"end":7718.77},{"text":"in","start":7719.01,"end":7719.41},{"text":"armed","start":7719.49,"end":7719.69},{"text":"conflict.","start":7719.69,"end":7720.37}]},{"text":"We must all speak out to ensure that this body of laws is universally respected.","start":7720.61,"end":7730.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7720.61,"end":7720.77},{"text":"must","start":7720.77,"end":7721.09},{"text":"all","start":7721.21,"end":7721.73},{"text":"speak","start":7722.37,"end":7722.77},{"text":"out","start":7722.85,"end":7723.33},{"text":"to","start":7723.97,"end":7724.21},{"text":"ensure","start":7724.57,"end":7725.17},{"text":"that","start":7725.33,"end":7725.89},{"text":"this","start":7726.53,"end":7726.93},{"text":"body","start":7727.09,"end":7727.49},{"text":"of","start":7727.49,"end":7727.57},{"text":"laws","start":7727.57,"end":7728.13},{"text":"is","start":7728.13,"end":7728.61},{"text":"universally","start":7728.93,"end":7729.65},{"text":"respected.","start":7729.89,"end":7730.77}]},{"text":"At its core lies the protection of human life and dignity.","start":7731.65,"end":7734.45,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":7985.25,"end":7985.49},{"text":"work","start":7985.49,"end":7985.69},{"text":"draws","start":7985.69,"end":7985.97},{"text":"on","start":7985.97,"end":7986.21},{"text":"expertise","start":7986.21,"end":7986.69},{"text":"from","start":7986.69,"end":7986.85},{"text":"across","start":7986.85,"end":7987.17},{"text":"Government,","start":7987.17,"end":7987.57},{"text":"the","start":7987.57,"end":7987.73},{"text":"armed","start":7987.73,"end":7987.97},{"text":"forces","start":7987.97,"end":7988.53},{"text":"and","start":7988.61,"end":7988.85},{"text":"academic","start":7988.85,"end":7989.37},{"text":"legal","start":7989.37,"end":7989.73},{"text":"experts.","start":7989.73,"end":7990.29}]},{"text":"We hope that that will help to ensure that the manual remains a comprehensive and authoritative guide for those operating in an increasingly complex environment.","start":7991.01,"end":7999.17,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7991.01,"end":7991.21},{"text":"hope","start":7991.21,"end":7991.33},{"text":"that","start":7991.33,"end":7991.49},{"text":"that","start":7991.49,"end":7991.65},{"text":"will","start":7991.65,"end":7991.77},{"text":"help","start":7991.77,"end":7991.97},{"text":"to","start":7991.97,"end":7992.09},{"text":"ensure","start":7992.09,"end":7992.53},{"text":"that","start":7992.53,"end":7992.65},{"text":"the","start":7992.65,"end":7992.73},{"text":"manual","start":7992.73,"end":7993.09},{"text":"remains","start":7993.09,"end":7993.41},{"text":"a","start":7993.41,"end":7993.45},{"text":"comprehensive","start":7993.45,"end":7994.29},{"text":"and","start":7994.53,"end":7994.69},{"text":"authoritative","start":7994.69,"end":7995.41},{"text":"guide","start":7995.41,"end":7995.81},{"text":"for","start":7995.89,"end":7996.05},{"text":"those","start":7996.05,"end":7996.29},{"text":"operating","start":7996.29,"end":7996.93},{"text":"in","start":7996.93,"end":7997.05},{"text":"an","start":7997.05,"end":7997.17},{"text":"increasingly","start":7997.17,"end":7997.73},{"text":"complex","start":7997.73,"end":7998.45},{"text":"environment.","start":7998.45,"end":7999.17}]},{"text":"Third, the UK's national IHL committee continues to play an important role in advancing policy and practice across Government and beyond in the UK.","start":8000.53,"end":8008.53,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":8000.53,"end":8000.93},{"text":"the","start":8000.93,"end":8001.01},{"text":"UK's","start":8001.01,"end":8001.57},{"text":"national","start":8001.57,"end":8002.01},{"text":"IHL","start":8002.01,"end":8002.53},{"text":"committee","start":8002.53,"end":8003.01},{"text":"continues","start":8003.17,"end":8003.69},{"text":"to","start":8003.69,"end":8003.77},{"text":"play","start":8003.77,"end":8003.93},{"text":"an","start":8003.93,"end":8004.01},{"text":"important","start":8004.01,"end":8004.45},{"text":"role","start":8004.45,"end":8004.77},{"text":"in","start":8004.77,"end":8004.89},{"text":"advancing","start":8004.89,"end":8005.49},{"text":"policy","start":8005.49,"end":8005.93},{"text":"and","start":8005.93,"end":8006.13},{"text":"practice","start":8006.13,"end":8006.77},{"text":"across","start":8006.81,"end":8007.13},{"text":"Government","start":8007.13,"end":8007.49},{"text":"and","start":8007.49,"end":8007.61},{"text":"beyond","start":8007.61,"end":8007.93},{"text":"in","start":8007.93,"end":8008.05},{"text":"the","start":8008.05,"end":8008.13},{"text":"UK.","start":8008.13,"end":8008.53}]},{"text":"In that regard, we welcome the ICRC's global initiative to galvanise political support for IHL, and we are proud to be playing our part by co-chairing the workstream on national IHL committees.","start":8009.25,"end":8021.25,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8009.25,"end":8009.41},{"text":"that","start":8009.41,"end":8009.57},{"text":"regard,","start":8009.57,"end":8010.05},{"text":"we","start":8010.05,"end":8010.13},{"text":"welcome","start":8010.13,"end":8010.69},{"text":"the","start":8010.69,"end":8011.05},{"text":"ICRC's","start":8011.05,"end":8011.93},{"text":"global","start":8011.93,"end":8012.21},{"text":"initiative","start":8012.21,"end":8012.77},{"text":"to","start":8012.77,"end":8012.93},{"text":"galvanise","start":8012.93,"end":8013.53},{"text":"political","start":8013.53,"end":8014.01},{"text":"support","start":8014.01,"end":8014.45},{"text":"for","start":8014.45,"end":8014.69},{"text":"IHL,","start":8014.69,"end":8015.25},{"text":"and","start":8015.65,"end":8015.81},{"text":"we","start":8015.81,"end":8015.89},{"text":"are","start":8015.89,"end":8015.97},{"text":"proud","start":8015.97,"end":8016.25},{"text":"to","start":8016.25,"end":8016.33},{"text":"be","start":8016.33,"end":8016.41},{"text":"playing","start":8016.41,"end":8016.69},{"text":"our","start":8016.69,"end":8016.85},{"text":"part","start":8016.85,"end":8017.17},{"text":"by","start":8017.49,"end":8017.73},{"text":"co-chairing","start":8017.73,"end":8018.45},{"text":"the","start":8018.45,"end":8018.69},{"text":"workstream","start":8019.01,"end":8019.57},{"text":"on","start":8019.57,"end":8019.77},{"text":"national","start":8019.77,"end":8020.21},{"text":"IHL","start":8020.21,"end":8020.73},{"text":"committees.","start":8020.73,"end":8021.25}]},{"text":"National IHL committees can play a crucial role in helping to ensure that states properly implement their IHL obligations.","start":8021.89,"end":8028.69,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"National","start":8021.89,"end":8022.29},{"text":"IHL","start":8022.29,"end":8022.73},{"text":"committees","start":8022.73,"end":8023.17},{"text":"can","start":8023.17,"end":8023.33},{"text":"play","start":8023.33,"end":8023.65},{"text":"a","start":8023.65,"end":8023.73},{"text":"crucial","start":8023.73,"end":8024.05},{"text":"role","start":8024.05,"end":8024.29},{"text":"in","start":8024.45,"end":8024.61},{"text":"helping","start":8024.61,"end":8024.89},{"text":"to","start":8024.89,"end":8024.97},{"text":"ensure","start":8024.97,"end":8025.49},{"text":"that","start":8025.49,"end":8025.65},{"text":"states","start":8025.65,"end":8026.01},{"text":"properly","start":8026.01,"end":8026.49},{"text":"implement","start":8026.49,"end":8027.01},{"text":"their","start":8027.01,"end":8027.33},{"text":"IHL","start":8027.33,"end":8027.89},{"text":"obligations.","start":8027.97,"end":8028.69}]},{"text":"Through that work, we have supported dialogue among states on the establishment, strengthening and effective functioning of national IHL committees and similar bodies.","start":8030.01,"end":8037.53,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":8030.01,"end":8030.09},{"text":"that","start":8030.09,"end":8030.25},{"text":"work,","start":8030.25,"end":8030.49},{"text":"we","start":8030.49,"end":8030.61},{"text":"have","start":8030.61,"end":8030.73},{"text":"supported","start":8030.73,"end":8031.29},{"text":"dialogue","start":8031.29,"end":8031.61},{"text":"among","start":8031.61,"end":8031.85},{"text":"states","start":8031.85,"end":8032.25},{"text":"on","start":8032.25,"end":8032.37},{"text":"the","start":8032.37,"end":8032.45},{"text":"establishment,","start":8032.45,"end":8033.17},{"text":"strengthening","start":8033.17,"end":8033.69},{"text":"and","start":8033.69,"end":8033.81},{"text":"effective","start":8033.81,"end":8034.25},{"text":"functioning","start":8034.25,"end":8034.77},{"text":"of","start":8034.77,"end":8034.89},{"text":"national","start":8034.89,"end":8035.29},{"text":"IHL","start":8035.29,"end":8035.85},{"text":"committees","start":8036.17,"end":8036.65},{"text":"and","start":8036.65,"end":8036.81},{"text":"similar","start":8036.81,"end":8037.13},{"text":"bodies.","start":8037.13,"end":8037.53}]},{"text":"The global IHL initiative recognises that stronger implementation at the national level is essential to achieving greater respect for IHL in practice, and the UK is proud to contribute to that effort and to support the sharing of experiences and good practice among states from all regions.","start":8038.09,"end":8052.49,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8038.09,"end":8038.17},{"text":"global","start":8038.17,"end":8038.49},{"text":"IHL","start":8038.49,"end":8038.97},{"text":"initiative","start":8038.97,"end":8039.37},{"text":"recognises","start":8039.37,"end":8040.25},{"text":"that","start":8040.25,"end":8040.57},{"text":"stronger","start":8040.57,"end":8040.89},{"text":"implementation","start":8040.89,"end":8041.61},{"text":"at","start":8041.61,"end":8041.69},{"text":"the","start":8041.69,"end":8041.77},{"text":"national","start":8041.77,"end":8042.13},{"text":"level","start":8042.13,"end":8042.41},{"text":"is","start":8042.41,"end":8042.57},{"text":"essential","start":8042.57,"end":8043.05},{"text":"to","start":8043.05,"end":8043.21},{"text":"achieving","start":8043.21,"end":8043.65},{"text":"greater","start":8043.65,"end":8043.93},{"text":"respect","start":8043.93,"end":8044.25},{"text":"for","start":8044.25,"end":8044.41},{"text":"IHL","start":8044.41,"end":8044.81},{"text":"in","start":8044.81,"end":8044.89},{"text":"practice,","start":8044.89,"end":8045.37},{"text":"and","start":8045.73,"end":8045.85},{"text":"the","start":8045.85,"end":8045.93},{"text":"UK","start":8045.93,"end":8046.17},{"text":"is","start":8046.17,"end":8046.29},{"text":"proud","start":8046.29,"end":8046.57},{"text":"to","start":8046.57,"end":8046.65},{"text":"contribute","start":8046.65,"end":8047.21},{"text":"to","start":8047.21,"end":8047.29},{"text":"that","start":8047.29,"end":8047.45},{"text":"effort","start":8047.45,"end":8047.85},{"text":"and","start":8048.09,"end":8048.29},{"text":"to","start":8048.29,"end":8048.37},{"text":"support","start":8048.37,"end":8048.69},{"text":"the","start":8048.69,"end":8048.77},{"text":"sharing","start":8048.77,"end":8049.29},{"text":"of","start":8049.29,"end":8049.45},{"text":"experiences","start":8049.45,"end":8050.13},{"text":"and","start":8050.13,"end":8050.25},{"text":"good","start":8050.25,"end":8050.41},{"text":"practice","start":8050.41,"end":8050.93},{"text":"among","start":8050.93,"end":8051.21},{"text":"states","start":8051.21,"end":8051.69},{"text":"from","start":8051.69,"end":8051.89},{"text":"all","start":8051.89,"end":8052.01},{"text":"regions.","start":8052.01,"end":8052.49}]},{"text":"At a time when armed conflicts continue to cause immense human suffering, the Geneva conventions and their additional protocols remain as relevant as ever.","start":8053.29,"end":8061.17,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8053.29,"end":8053.65},{"text":"a","start":8053.73,"end":8053.77},{"text":"time","start":8053.77,"end":8054.05},{"text":"when","start":8054.05,"end":8054.37},{"text":"armed","start":8054.37,"end":8054.61},{"text":"conflicts","start":8054.61,"end":8055.09},{"text":"continue","start":8055.09,"end":8055.53},{"text":"to","start":8055.53,"end":8055.69},{"text":"cause","start":8055.69,"end":8055.93},{"text":"immense","start":8055.93,"end":8056.33},{"text":"human","start":8056.33,"end":8056.61},{"text":"suffering,","start":8056.61,"end":8057.01},{"text":"the","start":8057.17,"end":8057.33},{"text":"Geneva","start":8057.33,"end":8057.65},{"text":"conventions","start":8057.65,"end":8058.33},{"text":"and","start":8058.33,"end":8058.49},{"text":"their","start":8058.49,"end":8058.61},{"text":"additional","start":8058.61,"end":8058.97},{"text":"protocols","start":8058.97,"end":8059.57},{"text":"remain","start":8059.73,"end":8060.13},{"text":"as","start":8060.13,"end":8060.29},{"text":"relevant","start":8060.29,"end":8060.73},{"text":"as","start":8060.73,"end":8060.81},{"text":"ever.","start":8060.81,"end":8061.17}]},{"text":"Their effective implementation requires not only commitment to the law itself but sustained efforts to strengthen national capacity and promote dissemination.","start":8061.57,"end":8069.09,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":8061.57,"end":8061.69},{"text":"effective","start":8061.69,"end":8062.09},{"text":"implementation","start":8062.09,"end":8062.77},{"text":"requires","start":8062.77,"end":8063.17},{"text":"not","start":8063.17,"end":8063.41},{"text":"only","start":8063.41,"end":8063.61},{"text":"commitment","start":8063.61,"end":8064.01},{"text":"to","start":8064.01,"end":8064.09},{"text":"the","start":8064.09,"end":8064.17},{"text":"law","start":8064.17,"end":8064.37},{"text":"itself","start":8064.37,"end":8064.93},{"text":"but","start":8065.17,"end":8065.33},{"text":"sustained","start":8065.33,"end":8065.89},{"text":"efforts","start":8065.89,"end":8066.29},{"text":"to","start":8066.29,"end":8066.41},{"text":"strengthen","start":8066.41,"end":8066.89},{"text":"national","start":8066.89,"end":8067.21},{"text":"capacity","start":8067.21,"end":8067.73},{"text":"and","start":8067.73,"end":8067.89},{"text":"promote","start":8067.89,"end":8068.33},{"text":"dissemination.","start":8068.33,"end":8069.09}]},{"text":"The UK remains fully committed to those objectives and looks forward to continuing to work with partners to strengthen respect for international humanitarian law worldwide.","start":8069.57,"end":8079.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8069.57,"end":8069.65},{"text":"UK","start":8069.65,"end":8069.97},{"text":"remains","start":8069.97,"end":8070.29},{"text":"fully","start":8070.29,"end":8070.53},{"text":"committed","start":8070.53,"end":8070.89},{"text":"to","start":8070.89,"end":8070.97},{"text":"those","start":8070.97,"end":8071.17},{"text":"objectives","start":8071.17,"end":8071.77},{"text":"and","start":8071.77,"end":8071.93},{"text":"looks","start":8071.93,"end":8072.09},{"text":"forward","start":8072.09,"end":8072.61},{"text":"to","start":8072.93,"end":8073.33},{"text":"continuing","start":8073.41,"end":8074.01},{"text":"to","start":8074.01,"end":8074.13},{"text":"work","start":8074.13,"end":8074.29},{"text":"with","start":8074.29,"end":8074.41},{"text":"partners","start":8074.41,"end":8074.93},{"text":"to","start":8074.93,"end":8075.05},{"text":"strengthen","start":8075.05,"end":8075.49},{"text":"respect","start":8075.49,"end":8075.89},{"text":"for","start":8076.29,"end":8076.45},{"text":"international","start":8076.45,"end":8077.01},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8077.01,"end":8077.81},{"text":"law","start":8077.81,"end":8078.61},{"text":"worldwide.","start":8078.61,"end":8079.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"GBR","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}},{"statement_number":53,"start":8082.97,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:14:43","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of the United Kingdom for his statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Egypt.","start":8082.97,"end":8090.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8082.97,"end":8082.98},{"text":"thank","start":8082.97,"end":8083.25},{"text":"the","start":8083.25,"end":8083.33},{"text":"distinguished","start":8083.33,"end":8084.01},{"text":"representative","start":8084.01,"end":8084.77},{"text":"of","start":8084.77,"end":8084.89},{"text":"the","start":8084.89,"end":8085.01},{"text":"United","start":8085.01,"end":8085.49},{"text":"Kingdom","start":8085.53,"end":8086.01},{"text":"for","start":8086.01,"end":8086.25},{"text":"his","start":8086.25,"end":8086.41},{"text":"statement,","start":8086.41,"end":8086.97},{"text":"and","start":8086.97,"end":8087.09},{"text":"I","start":8087.09,"end":8087.13},{"text":"give","start":8087.13,"end":8087.37},{"text":"the","start":8087.37,"end":8087.45},{"text":"floor","start":8087.45,"end":8087.77},{"text":"to","start":8087.77,"end":8087.89},{"text":"the","start":8087.89,"end":8087.97},{"text":"distinguished","start":8087.97,"end":8088.65},{"text":"representative","start":8088.65,"end":8089.41},{"text":"of","start":8089.41,"end":8089.61},{"text":"Egypt.","start":8089.77,"end":8090.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":54,"start":8094.17,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:14:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair, Egypt reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the principles and rules of international humanitarian law and to the protection of victims of armed conflicts.","start":8094.17,"end":8104.01,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":8094.17,"end":8094.65},{"text":"Egypt","start":8095.29,"end":8095.69},{"text":"reaffirms","start":8095.69,"end":8096.33},{"text":"its","start":8096.33,"end":8096.49},{"text":"unwavering","start":8096.49,"end":8097.01},{"text":"commitment","start":8097.01,"end":8097.49},{"text":"to","start":8097.49,"end":8097.57},{"text":"the","start":8097.57,"end":8097.69},{"text":"principles","start":8097.69,"end":8098.41},{"text":"and","start":8098.45,"end":8098.57},{"text":"rules","start":8098.57,"end":8098.89},{"text":"of","start":8098.89,"end":8098.97},{"text":"international","start":8098.97,"end":8099.49},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8099.49,"end":8100.09},{"text":"law","start":8100.09,"end":8100.41},{"text":"and","start":8100.49,"end":8100.61},{"text":"to","start":8100.61,"end":8100.69},{"text":"the","start":8100.69,"end":8100.81},{"text":"protection","start":8100.81,"end":8102.21},{"text":"of","start":8102.21,"end":8102.29},{"text":"victims","start":8102.29,"end":8102.77},{"text":"of","start":8102.77,"end":8102.97},{"text":"armed","start":8102.97,"end":8103.21},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8103.21,"end":8104.01}]},{"text":"The Geneva Conventions and their additional protocols are fundamental pillars of the international legal framework governing the conduct of hostilities and the protection of persons affected by armed conflicts.","start":8104.85,"end":8114.93,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8104.85,"end":8104.97},{"text":"Geneva","start":8104.97,"end":8105.25},{"text":"Conventions","start":8105.25,"end":8105.89},{"text":"and","start":8105.89,"end":8106.01},{"text":"their","start":8106.01,"end":8106.13},{"text":"additional","start":8106.13,"end":8106.53},{"text":"protocols","start":8106.53,"end":8107.25},{"text":"are","start":8107.25,"end":8107.49},{"text":"fundamental","start":8107.49,"end":8108.05},{"text":"pillars","start":8108.05,"end":8108.69},{"text":"of","start":8108.73,"end":8108.85},{"text":"the","start":8108.85,"end":8108.93},{"text":"international","start":8108.93,"end":8109.45},{"text":"legal","start":8109.45,"end":8109.73},{"text":"framework","start":8109.73,"end":8110.29},{"text":"governing","start":8110.29,"end":8110.77},{"text":"the","start":8110.77,"end":8110.89},{"text":"conduct","start":8110.89,"end":8111.29},{"text":"of","start":8111.29,"end":8111.41},{"text":"hostilities","start":8111.41,"end":8112.09},{"text":"and","start":8112.09,"end":8112.21},{"text":"the","start":8112.21,"end":8112.29},{"text":"protection","start":8112.29,"end":8112.77},{"text":"of","start":8112.77,"end":8112.85},{"text":"persons","start":8112.85,"end":8113.33},{"text":"affected","start":8113.33,"end":8113.73},{"text":"by","start":8113.73,"end":8113.89},{"text":"armed","start":8113.89,"end":8114.13},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8114.13,"end":8114.93}]},{"text":"In particular, the significance of the additional protocols extends beyond their conventional character.","start":8115.65,"end":8120.61,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8115.65,"end":8115.77},{"text":"particular,","start":8115.77,"end":8116.37},{"text":"the","start":8116.37,"end":8116.45},{"text":"significance","start":8116.45,"end":8117.09},{"text":"of","start":8117.09,"end":8117.17},{"text":"the","start":8117.17,"end":8117.29},{"text":"additional","start":8117.29,"end":8117.65},{"text":"protocols","start":8117.65,"end":8118.29},{"text":"extends","start":8118.29,"end":8118.77},{"text":"beyond","start":8118.77,"end":8119.09},{"text":"their","start":8119.09,"end":8119.25},{"text":"conventional","start":8119.25,"end":8119.97},{"text":"character.","start":8119.97,"end":8120.61}]},{"text":"Many of the rules codified in these instruments, particularly Additional Protocol I, reflect well-established customary rules that are binding on all states irrespective of whether they are parties to the protocol.","start":8120.93,"end":8131.89,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":8120.93,"end":8121.17},{"text":"of","start":8121.17,"end":8121.25},{"text":"the","start":8121.25,"end":8121.37},{"text":"rules","start":8121.37,"end":8121.65},{"text":"codified","start":8121.65,"end":8122.17},{"text":"in","start":8122.17,"end":8122.25},{"text":"these","start":8122.25,"end":8122.45},{"text":"instruments,","start":8122.45,"end":8123.01},{"text":"particularly","start":8123.01,"end":8123.81},{"text":"Additional","start":8123.81,"end":8124.25},{"text":"Protocol","start":8124.25,"end":8124.77},{"text":"I,","start":8124.77,"end":8124.85},{"text":"reflect","start":8125.25,"end":8125.65},{"text":"well-established","start":8125.65,"end":8126.45},{"text":"customary","start":8126.45,"end":8127.13},{"text":"rules","start":8127.13,"end":8127.49},{"text":"that","start":8127.73,"end":8127.89},{"text":"are","start":8127.89,"end":8127.97},{"text":"binding","start":8127.97,"end":8128.53},{"text":"on","start":8128.53,"end":8128.77},{"text":"all","start":8128.77,"end":8128.93},{"text":"states","start":8128.93,"end":8129.33},{"text":"irrespective","start":8129.33,"end":8129.97},{"text":"of","start":8129.97,"end":8130.05},{"text":"whether","start":8130.05,"end":8130.37},{"text":"they","start":8130.37,"end":8130.49},{"text":"are","start":8130.49,"end":8130.61},{"text":"parties","start":8130.61,"end":8131.09},{"text":"to","start":8131.09,"end":8131.21},{"text":"the","start":8131.21,"end":8131.33},{"text":"protocol.","start":8131.33,"end":8131.89}]},{"text":"This is particularly true of the fundamental principles governing the conduct of hostilities, including the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack, as well as the prohibition of indiscriminate attacks and the protection afforded to the civilian population and civilian objects.","start":8132.41,"end":8147.73,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8132.41,"end":8132.57},{"text":"is","start":8132.57,"end":8132.69},{"text":"particularly","start":8132.69,"end":8133.33},{"text":"true","start":8133.33,"end":8133.57},{"text":"of","start":8133.57,"end":8133.65},{"text":"the","start":8133.65,"end":8133.73},{"text":"fundamental","start":8133.73,"end":8134.29},{"text":"principles","start":8134.29,"end":8134.85},{"text":"governing","start":8134.85,"end":8135.21},{"text":"the","start":8135.21,"end":8135.29},{"text":"conduct","start":8135.29,"end":8135.73},{"text":"of","start":8135.73,"end":8135.81},{"text":"hostilities,","start":8135.81,"end":8136.53},{"text":"including","start":8136.53,"end":8137.01},{"text":"the","start":8137.01,"end":8137.09},{"text":"principles","start":8137.09,"end":8137.65},{"text":"of","start":8137.65,"end":8137.73},{"text":"distinction,","start":8137.73,"end":8138.45},{"text":"proportionality,","start":8138.77,"end":8139.81},{"text":"and","start":8139.81,"end":8139.97},{"text":"precautions","start":8139.97,"end":8140.61},{"text":"in","start":8140.61,"end":8140.73},{"text":"attack,","start":8140.73,"end":8141.25},{"text":"as","start":8141.65,"end":8141.81},{"text":"well","start":8141.81,"end":8141.97},{"text":"as","start":8141.97,"end":8142.05},{"text":"the","start":8142.05,"end":8142.17},{"text":"prohibition","start":8142.17,"end":8142.93},{"text":"of","start":8142.97,"end":8143.09},{"text":"indiscriminate","start":8143.09,"end":8143.73},{"text":"attacks","start":8143.73,"end":8144.25},{"text":"and","start":8144.25,"end":8144.37},{"text":"the","start":8144.37,"end":8144.45},{"text":"protection","start":8144.45,"end":8144.97},{"text":"afforded","start":8144.97,"end":8145.37},{"text":"to","start":8145.37,"end":8145.49},{"text":"the","start":8145.49,"end":8145.57},{"text":"civilian","start":8145.57,"end":8145.97},{"text":"population","start":8145.97,"end":8146.53},{"text":"and","start":8146.53,"end":8146.65},{"text":"civilian","start":8146.65,"end":8147.09},{"text":"objects.","start":8147.09,"end":8147.73}]},{"text":"Chair, Egypt wishes to place particular emphasis on part four of Additional Protocol I concerning the protections afforded to the civilian population, which is of particular importance at a time when the international community continues to witness widespread and grave violations of IHL, including attacks affecting civilian populations, the widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure, and the deprivation of objects indispensable to the survival of civilians.","start":8148.81,"end":8173.77,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":8148.81,"end":8149.05},{"text":"Egypt","start":8149.05,"end":8149.41},{"text":"wishes","start":8149.41,"end":8149.77},{"text":"to","start":8149.77,"end":8149.89},{"text":"place","start":8149.89,"end":8150.25},{"text":"particular","start":8150.25,"end":8150.89},{"text":"emphasis","start":8150.89,"end":8151.45},{"text":"on","start":8151.45,"end":8151.69},{"text":"part","start":8151.69,"end":8152.01},{"text":"four","start":8152.17,"end":8152.69},{"text":"of","start":8152.69,"end":8152.81},{"text":"Additional","start":8152.81,"end":8153.17},{"text":"Protocol","start":8153.17,"end":8153.61},{"text":"I","start":8153.69,"end":8153.77},{"text":"concerning","start":8153.93,"end":8154.45},{"text":"the","start":8154.45,"end":8154.53},{"text":"protections","start":8154.53,"end":8155.09},{"text":"afforded","start":8155.09,"end":8155.45},{"text":"to","start":8155.45,"end":8155.53},{"text":"the","start":8155.53,"end":8155.65},{"text":"civilian","start":8155.65,"end":8156.09},{"text":"population,","start":8156.09,"end":8156.97},{"text":"which","start":8157.25,"end":8157.45},{"text":"is","start":8157.45,"end":8157.57},{"text":"of","start":8157.57,"end":8157.65},{"text":"particular","start":8157.65,"end":8158.17},{"text":"importance","start":8158.17,"end":8158.73},{"text":"at","start":8158.73,"end":8158.97},{"text":"a","start":8158.97,"end":8159.01},{"text":"time","start":8159.01,"end":8159.17},{"text":"when","start":8159.17,"end":8159.33},{"text":"the","start":8159.33,"end":8159.41},{"text":"international","start":8159.41,"end":8159.93},{"text":"community","start":8159.93,"end":8160.41},{"text":"continues","start":8160.41,"end":8161.05},{"text":"to","start":8161.05,"end":8161.17},{"text":"witness","start":8161.17,"end":8161.53},{"text":"widespread","start":8161.53,"end":8161.97},{"text":"and","start":8161.97,"end":8162.09},{"text":"grave","start":8162.09,"end":8162.37},{"text":"violations","start":8162.37,"end":8163.05},{"text":"of","start":8163.05,"end":8163.13},{"text":"IHL,","start":8163.13,"end":8163.69},{"text":"including","start":8164.01,"end":8164.57},{"text":"attacks","start":8164.57,"end":8165.05},{"text":"affecting","start":8165.05,"end":8165.45},{"text":"civilian","start":8165.45,"end":8165.85},{"text":"populations,","start":8165.85,"end":8166.73},{"text":"the","start":8166.97,"end":8167.09},{"text":"widespread","start":8167.09,"end":8167.57},{"text":"destruction","start":8167.57,"end":8168.09},{"text":"of","start":8168.09,"end":8168.17},{"text":"civilian","start":8168.17,"end":8168.53},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":8168.53,"end":8169.25},{"text":"and","start":8169.25,"end":8169.37},{"text":"the","start":8169.37,"end":8169.45},{"text":"deprivation","start":8169.45,"end":8170.25},{"text":"of","start":8170.25,"end":8170.41},{"text":"objects","start":8170.41,"end":8170.97},{"text":"indispensable","start":8170.97,"end":8171.93},{"text":"to","start":8172.17,"end":8172.29},{"text":"the","start":8172.29,"end":8172.41},{"text":"survival","start":8172.41,"end":8172.93},{"text":"of","start":8172.93,"end":8173.01},{"text":"civilians.","start":8173.01,"end":8173.77}]},{"text":"In this regard, Egypt recalls that Article 48 of AP I establishes the fundamental obligation to distinguish at all times between the civilian population and combatants and between civilian objects and military objectives.","start":8174.29,"end":8186.85,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8174.29,"end":8174.37},{"text":"this","start":8174.37,"end":8174.53},{"text":"regard,","start":8174.53,"end":8174.85},{"text":"Egypt","start":8174.85,"end":8175.13},{"text":"recalls","start":8175.13,"end":8175.65},{"text":"that","start":8175.65,"end":8175.81},{"text":"Article","start":8175.81,"end":8176.13},{"text":"48","start":8176.13,"end":8176.69},{"text":"of","start":8176.69,"end":8176.85},{"text":"AP","start":8176.85,"end":8177.57},{"text":"I","start":8177.57,"end":8177.61},{"text":"establishes","start":8177.61,"end":8178.21},{"text":"the","start":8178.21,"end":8178.37},{"text":"fundamental","start":8178.37,"end":8179.09},{"text":"obligation","start":8179.09,"end":8179.65},{"text":"to","start":8179.65,"end":8179.77},{"text":"distinguish","start":8179.77,"end":8180.45},{"text":"at","start":8180.69,"end":8180.93},{"text":"all","start":8180.93,"end":8181.17},{"text":"times","start":8181.17,"end":8181.53},{"text":"between","start":8181.53,"end":8181.81},{"text":"the","start":8181.81,"end":8181.89},{"text":"civilian","start":8181.89,"end":8182.29},{"text":"population","start":8182.29,"end":8182.93},{"text":"and","start":8182.93,"end":8183.05},{"text":"combatants","start":8183.05,"end":8183.73},{"text":"and","start":8183.73,"end":8183.85},{"text":"between","start":8183.85,"end":8184.13},{"text":"civilian","start":8184.13,"end":8184.53},{"text":"objects","start":8184.53,"end":8185.01},{"text":"and","start":8185.01,"end":8185.21},{"text":"military","start":8185.21,"end":8185.81},{"text":"objectives.","start":8186.05,"end":8186.85}]},{"text":"This distinction is not a technical rule.","start":8187.17,"end":8189.25,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8187.17,"end":8187.33},{"text":"distinction","start":8187.33,"end":8187.89},{"text":"is","start":8187.89,"end":8188.05},{"text":"not","start":8188.05,"end":8188.25},{"text":"a","start":8188.25,"end":8188.29},{"text":"technical","start":8188.29,"end":8188.77},{"text":"rule.","start":8188.77,"end":8189.25}]},{"text":"It constitutes one of the cardinal principles of IHL and an indispensable safeguard against indiscriminate effects of warfare.","start":8189.57,"end":8196.45,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8189.57,"end":8189.77},{"text":"constitutes","start":8189.77,"end":8190.45},{"text":"one","start":8190.45,"end":8190.61},{"text":"of","start":8190.61,"end":8190.69},{"text":"the","start":8190.69,"end":8190.77},{"text":"cardinal","start":8190.77,"end":8191.25},{"text":"principles","start":8191.25,"end":8191.81},{"text":"of","start":8191.81,"end":8191.89},{"text":"IHL","start":8191.89,"end":8192.53},{"text":"and","start":8192.53,"end":8192.69},{"text":"an","start":8192.69,"end":8192.77},{"text":"indispensable","start":8192.77,"end":8193.49},{"text":"safeguard","start":8193.49,"end":8194.05},{"text":"against","start":8194.05,"end":8194.45},{"text":"indiscriminate","start":8194.45,"end":8195.17},{"text":"effects","start":8195.33,"end":8195.81},{"text":"of","start":8195.85,"end":8195.93},{"text":"warfare.","start":8195.93,"end":8196.45}]},{"text":"Egypt further recalls that Article 52 of AP1 establishes a clear distinction between civilian objects and military objectives.","start":8197.37,"end":8204.73,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8197.37,"end":8197.61},{"text":"further","start":8197.61,"end":8197.97},{"text":"recalls","start":8197.97,"end":8198.33},{"text":"that","start":8198.33,"end":8198.45},{"text":"Article","start":8198.45,"end":8198.73},{"text":"52","start":8198.73,"end":8199.29},{"text":"of","start":8199.29,"end":8199.37},{"text":"AP1","start":8199.37,"end":8200.65},{"text":"establishes","start":8200.65,"end":8201.21},{"text":"a","start":8201.21,"end":8201.25},{"text":"clear","start":8201.25,"end":8201.69},{"text":"distinction","start":8201.69,"end":8202.17},{"text":"between","start":8202.17,"end":8202.49},{"text":"civilian","start":8202.49,"end":8202.89},{"text":"objects","start":8202.89,"end":8203.33},{"text":"and","start":8203.33,"end":8203.45},{"text":"military","start":8203.45,"end":8203.93},{"text":"objectives.","start":8203.93,"end":8204.73}]},{"text":"Civilian objects are all objects that are not military objectives, which are strictly limited to those targets that, by their nature, location, purpose, or use, make an effective contribution to military action.","start":8205.13,"end":8216.65,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Civilian","start":8205.13,"end":8205.61},{"text":"objects","start":8205.61,"end":8206.01},{"text":"are","start":8206.01,"end":8206.25},{"text":"all","start":8206.25,"end":8206.57},{"text":"objects","start":8206.57,"end":8207.01},{"text":"that","start":8207.01,"end":8207.13},{"text":"are","start":8207.13,"end":8207.21},{"text":"not","start":8207.21,"end":8207.77},{"text":"military","start":8207.93,"end":8208.41},{"text":"objectives,","start":8208.41,"end":8209.05},{"text":"which","start":8209.29,"end":8209.53},{"text":"are","start":8209.53,"end":8209.69},{"text":"strictly","start":8209.69,"end":8210.25},{"text":"limited","start":8210.25,"end":8210.53},{"text":"to","start":8210.53,"end":8210.65},{"text":"those","start":8210.65,"end":8210.89},{"text":"targets","start":8210.89,"end":8211.33},{"text":"that,","start":8211.33,"end":8211.53},{"text":"by","start":8211.53,"end":8211.69},{"text":"their","start":8211.69,"end":8211.93},{"text":"nature,","start":8211.93,"end":8212.25},{"text":"location,","start":8212.25,"end":8212.73},{"text":"purpose,","start":8212.73,"end":8213.09},{"text":"or","start":8213.09,"end":8213.21},{"text":"use,","start":8213.21,"end":8213.69},{"text":"make","start":8213.85,"end":8214.05},{"text":"an","start":8214.05,"end":8214.13},{"text":"effective","start":8214.13,"end":8214.65},{"text":"contribution","start":8214.65,"end":8215.45},{"text":"to","start":8215.45,"end":8215.53},{"text":"military","start":8215.53,"end":8216.09},{"text":"action.","start":8216.09,"end":8216.65}]},{"text":"These requirements are cumulative and must be interpreted and applied strictly.","start":8216.97,"end":8221.21,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8216.97,"end":8217.29},{"text":"requirements","start":8217.29,"end":8218.01},{"text":"are","start":8218.01,"end":8218.17},{"text":"cumulative","start":8218.17,"end":8218.89},{"text":"and","start":8219.13,"end":8219.25},{"text":"must","start":8219.25,"end":8219.45},{"text":"be","start":8219.45,"end":8219.53},{"text":"interpreted","start":8219.53,"end":8220.01},{"text":"and","start":8220.01,"end":8220.13},{"text":"applied","start":8220.13,"end":8220.57},{"text":"strictly.","start":8220.57,"end":8221.21}]},{"text":"The existence of a general military interest in an object, its potential utility to armed forces or its indirect contribution to the broader war effort cannot, in and of itself, justify its classification as a military objective.","start":8221.53,"end":8234.89,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8221.53,"end":8221.65},{"text":"existence","start":8221.65,"end":8222.25},{"text":"of","start":8222.29,"end":8222.45},{"text":"a","start":8222.45,"end":8222.49},{"text":"general","start":8222.49,"end":8223.01},{"text":"military","start":8223.01,"end":8223.53},{"text":"interest","start":8223.53,"end":8223.93},{"text":"in","start":8223.93,"end":8224.09},{"text":"an","start":8224.09,"end":8224.17},{"text":"object,","start":8224.17,"end":8224.65},{"text":"its","start":8224.89,"end":8225.13},{"text":"potential","start":8225.13,"end":8225.85},{"text":"utility","start":8225.85,"end":8226.49},{"text":"to","start":8226.49,"end":8226.89},{"text":"armed","start":8226.89,"end":8227.13},{"text":"forces","start":8227.33,"end":8227.69},{"text":"or","start":8227.69,"end":8227.85},{"text":"its","start":8227.85,"end":8228.01},{"text":"indirect","start":8228.09,"end":8228.69},{"text":"contribution","start":8228.69,"end":8229.25},{"text":"to","start":8229.25,"end":8229.33},{"text":"the","start":8229.33,"end":8229.45},{"text":"broader","start":8229.45,"end":8229.81},{"text":"war","start":8229.81,"end":8230.05},{"text":"effort","start":8230.05,"end":8230.37},{"text":"cannot,","start":8230.37,"end":8230.89},{"text":"in","start":8230.89,"end":8231.05},{"text":"and","start":8231.05,"end":8231.17},{"text":"of","start":8231.17,"end":8231.25},{"text":"itself,","start":8231.25,"end":8231.77},{"text":"justify","start":8232.09,"end":8232.61},{"text":"its","start":8232.61,"end":8232.73},{"text":"classification","start":8232.73,"end":8233.53},{"text":"as","start":8233.53,"end":8233.61},{"text":"a","start":8233.61,"end":8233.69},{"text":"military","start":8233.69,"end":8234.17},{"text":"objective.","start":8234.17,"end":8234.89}]},{"text":"In this context, Egypt expresses concern regarding the increasing invocation of the notion of so-called dual-use objects in the conduct of hostilities.","start":8235.05,"end":8244.17,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8235.05,"end":8235.21},{"text":"this","start":8235.21,"end":8235.45},{"text":"context,","start":8235.45,"end":8236.09},{"text":"Egypt","start":8236.09,"end":8236.33},{"text":"expresses","start":8236.33,"end":8236.81},{"text":"concern","start":8236.81,"end":8237.29},{"text":"regarding","start":8237.29,"end":8237.69},{"text":"the","start":8237.69,"end":8237.81},{"text":"increasing","start":8237.81,"end":8238.49},{"text":"invocation","start":8238.49,"end":8239.29},{"text":"of","start":8239.33,"end":8239.45},{"text":"the","start":8239.45,"end":8239.57},{"text":"notion","start":8239.57,"end":8239.93},{"text":"of","start":8239.93,"end":8240.01},{"text":"so-called","start":8240.01,"end":8240.65},{"text":"dual-use","start":8240.89,"end":8241.77},{"text":"objects","start":8241.77,"end":8242.49},{"text":"in","start":8242.73,"end":8242.81},{"text":"the","start":8242.81,"end":8242.93},{"text":"conduct","start":8242.93,"end":8243.33},{"text":"of","start":8243.33,"end":8243.45},{"text":"hostilities.","start":8243.45,"end":8244.17}]},{"text":"IHL does not recognize so-called dual-use objects as a separate legal category that would justify a relaxation of the distinction between civilian objects and military objectives.","start":8244.57,"end":8255.77,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"IHL","start":8244.57,"end":8245.05},{"text":"does","start":8245.05,"end":8245.29},{"text":"not","start":8245.29,"end":8245.53},{"text":"recognize","start":8245.53,"end":8246.25},{"text":"so-called","start":8246.25,"end":8246.93},{"text":"dual-use","start":8246.93,"end":8247.61},{"text":"objects","start":8247.61,"end":8248.13},{"text":"as","start":8248.13,"end":8248.25},{"text":"a","start":8248.25,"end":8248.29},{"text":"separate","start":8248.29,"end":8248.89},{"text":"legal","start":8248.89,"end":8249.29},{"text":"category","start":8249.29,"end":8249.85},{"text":"that","start":8249.85,"end":8250.01},{"text":"would","start":8250.01,"end":8250.17},{"text":"justify","start":8250.17,"end":8250.69},{"text":"a","start":8250.69,"end":8250.73},{"text":"relaxation","start":8250.77,"end":8251.77},{"text":"of","start":8251.77,"end":8251.85},{"text":"the","start":8251.85,"end":8251.97},{"text":"distinction","start":8251.97,"end":8252.73},{"text":"between","start":8252.93,"end":8253.29},{"text":"civilian","start":8253.29,"end":8253.85},{"text":"objects","start":8253.85,"end":8254.29},{"text":"and","start":8254.29,"end":8254.41},{"text":"military","start":8254.41,"end":8254.97},{"text":"objectives.","start":8254.97,"end":8255.77}]},{"text":"The mere fact that civilian infrastructure may serve both civilian and military functions does not automatically render it a military objective.","start":8256.65,"end":8265.21,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8256.65,"end":8256.73},{"text":"mere","start":8256.73,"end":8256.97},{"text":"fact","start":8256.97,"end":8257.25},{"text":"that","start":8257.25,"end":8257.41},{"text":"civilian","start":8257.41,"end":8257.85},{"text":"infrastructure","start":8257.85,"end":8258.73},{"text":"may","start":8258.73,"end":8259.21},{"text":"serve","start":8259.21,"end":8259.61},{"text":"both","start":8259.69,"end":8260.01},{"text":"civilian","start":8260.01,"end":8260.53},{"text":"and","start":8260.53,"end":8260.65},{"text":"military","start":8260.65,"end":8261.05},{"text":"functions","start":8261.05,"end":8261.53},{"text":"does","start":8261.53,"end":8261.77},{"text":"not","start":8261.77,"end":8262.01},{"text":"automatically","start":8262.01,"end":8262.73},{"text":"render","start":8262.73,"end":8263.17},{"text":"it","start":8263.17,"end":8263.33},{"text":"a","start":8263.33,"end":8263.37},{"text":"military","start":8263.49,"end":8264.41},{"text":"objective.","start":8264.49,"end":8265.21}]},{"text":"Egypt cautions against interpretations that would allow the concept of dual use to become a means of expanding the category of military objectives to encompass essential civilian infrastructure, including electricity networks, water and sanitation facilities, telecommunication systems, and other installations.","start":8265.69,"end":8282.89,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8265.69,"end":8266.01},{"text":"cautions","start":8266.01,"end":8266.49},{"text":"against","start":8266.49,"end":8266.81},{"text":"interpretations","start":8266.81,"end":8267.65},{"text":"that","start":8267.65,"end":8267.77},{"text":"would","start":8267.77,"end":8267.93},{"text":"allow","start":8267.97,"end":8268.25},{"text":"the","start":8268.25,"end":8268.41},{"text":"concept","start":8268.41,"end":8268.85},{"text":"of","start":8268.85,"end":8268.97},{"text":"dual","start":8268.97,"end":8269.21},{"text":"use","start":8269.21,"end":8269.53},{"text":"to","start":8269.53,"end":8269.69},{"text":"become","start":8269.69,"end":8270.17},{"text":"a","start":8270.17,"end":8270.21},{"text":"means","start":8270.21,"end":8270.45},{"text":"of","start":8270.45,"end":8270.53},{"text":"expanding","start":8270.53,"end":8271.13},{"text":"the","start":8271.13,"end":8271.25},{"text":"category","start":8271.25,"end":8271.81},{"text":"of","start":8271.81,"end":8271.93},{"text":"military","start":8271.93,"end":8272.41},{"text":"objectives","start":8272.41,"end":8272.89},{"text":"to","start":8272.89,"end":8273.09},{"text":"encompass","start":8273.09,"end":8273.77},{"text":"essential","start":8273.77,"end":8274.41},{"text":"civilian","start":8274.41,"end":8275.05},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":8275.05,"end":8275.93},{"text":"including","start":8276.17,"end":8276.65},{"text":"electricity","start":8276.65,"end":8277.21},{"text":"networks,","start":8277.21,"end":8277.69},{"text":"water","start":8277.69,"end":8278.05},{"text":"and","start":8278.05,"end":8278.17},{"text":"sanitation","start":8278.17,"end":8278.73},{"text":"facilities,","start":8278.73,"end":8279.29},{"text":"telecommunication","start":8279.61,"end":8280.73},{"text":"systems,","start":8281.13,"end":8281.57},{"text":"and","start":8281.57,"end":8281.73},{"text":"other","start":8281.73,"end":8282.01},{"text":"installations.","start":8282.01,"end":8282.89}]},{"text":"Egypt further stresses that even where an object satisfies the legal definition of a military objective, it does not dispense with the separate and equally binding obligations arising from the principles of proportionality and precautions in attack.","start":8283.49,"end":8296.13,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8283.49,"end":8283.73},{"text":"further","start":8283.73,"end":8284.09},{"text":"stresses","start":8284.09,"end":8284.53},{"text":"that","start":8284.53,"end":8284.69},{"text":"even","start":8284.77,"end":8285.01},{"text":"where","start":8285.01,"end":8285.21},{"text":"an","start":8285.21,"end":8285.33},{"text":"object","start":8285.33,"end":8285.69},{"text":"satisfies","start":8285.69,"end":8286.29},{"text":"the","start":8286.29,"end":8286.37},{"text":"legal","start":8286.37,"end":8286.65},{"text":"definition","start":8286.65,"end":8287.09},{"text":"of","start":8287.09,"end":8287.17},{"text":"a","start":8287.17,"end":8287.21},{"text":"military","start":8287.21,"end":8287.69},{"text":"objective,","start":8287.69,"end":8288.37},{"text":"it","start":8288.53,"end":8288.73},{"text":"does","start":8288.73,"end":8288.93},{"text":"not","start":8288.93,"end":8289.21},{"text":"dispense","start":8289.21,"end":8289.69},{"text":"with","start":8289.69,"end":8289.81},{"text":"the","start":8289.81,"end":8289.89},{"text":"separate","start":8289.89,"end":8290.37},{"text":"and","start":8290.37,"end":8290.49},{"text":"equally","start":8290.49,"end":8290.77},{"text":"binding","start":8290.77,"end":8291.17},{"text":"obligations","start":8291.17,"end":8291.81},{"text":"arising","start":8291.81,"end":8292.25},{"text":"from","start":8292.25,"end":8292.41},{"text":"the","start":8292.41,"end":8292.49},{"text":"principles","start":8292.49,"end":8293.01},{"text":"of","start":8293.05,"end":8293.21},{"text":"proportionality","start":8293.21,"end":8294.13},{"text":"and","start":8294.37,"end":8294.53},{"text":"precautions","start":8294.53,"end":8295.41},{"text":"in","start":8295.49,"end":8295.65},{"text":"attack.","start":8295.65,"end":8296.13}]},{"text":"Chair, Egypt also recalls the importance of Article 54 of AP1, which prohibits the starvation of civilians as a method of warfare and provides specific protection to objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population.","start":8296.85,"end":8309.33,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":8296.85,"end":8297.33},{"text":"Egypt","start":8297.33,"end":8297.65},{"text":"also","start":8297.65,"end":8297.93},{"text":"recalls","start":8297.93,"end":8298.33},{"text":"the","start":8298.33,"end":8298.41},{"text":"importance","start":8298.41,"end":8298.89},{"text":"of","start":8298.89,"end":8298.97},{"text":"Article","start":8298.97,"end":8299.25},{"text":"54","start":8299.25,"end":8299.77},{"text":"of","start":8299.77,"end":8299.85},{"text":"AP1,","start":8299.85,"end":8300.81},{"text":"which","start":8300.81,"end":8301.05},{"text":"prohibits","start":8301.05,"end":8301.49},{"text":"the","start":8301.49,"end":8301.57},{"text":"starvation","start":8301.57,"end":8302.25},{"text":"of","start":8302.25,"end":8302.33},{"text":"civilians","start":8302.33,"end":8302.93},{"text":"as","start":8302.93,"end":8303.01},{"text":"a","start":8303.01,"end":8303.05},{"text":"method","start":8303.05,"end":8303.37},{"text":"of","start":8303.37,"end":8303.45},{"text":"warfare","start":8303.45,"end":8303.97},{"text":"and","start":8304.21,"end":8304.37},{"text":"provides","start":8304.37,"end":8304.85},{"text":"specific","start":8304.85,"end":8305.37},{"text":"protection","start":8305.37,"end":8305.89},{"text":"to","start":8305.89,"end":8306.01},{"text":"objects","start":8306.05,"end":8306.53},{"text":"indispensable","start":8306.53,"end":8307.17},{"text":"to","start":8307.17,"end":8307.25},{"text":"the","start":8307.25,"end":8307.37},{"text":"survival","start":8307.37,"end":8307.97},{"text":"of","start":8307.97,"end":8308.05},{"text":"the","start":8308.05,"end":8308.13},{"text":"civilian","start":8308.13,"end":8308.61},{"text":"population.","start":8308.61,"end":8309.33}]},{"text":"It is deplorable that we live in an era where, in some armed conflicts, including situations of occupation, objects indispensable are being systematically targeted and destroyed for the political purpose of causing the forced displacement of a civilian population.","start":8309.81,"end":8322.85,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8309.81,"end":8309.97},{"text":"is","start":8309.97,"end":8310.13},{"text":"deplorable","start":8310.13,"end":8310.77},{"text":"that","start":8310.77,"end":8310.97},{"text":"we","start":8310.97,"end":8311.09},{"text":"live","start":8311.09,"end":8311.33},{"text":"in","start":8311.33,"end":8311.45},{"text":"an","start":8311.45,"end":8311.57},{"text":"era","start":8311.57,"end":8311.89},{"text":"where,","start":8311.89,"end":8312.21},{"text":"in","start":8312.21,"end":8312.37},{"text":"some","start":8312.37,"end":8312.61},{"text":"armed","start":8312.61,"end":8312.77},{"text":"conflicts,","start":8312.77,"end":8313.33},{"text":"including","start":8313.33,"end":8313.77},{"text":"situations","start":8313.77,"end":8314.45},{"text":"of","start":8314.53,"end":8314.69},{"text":"occupation,","start":8314.69,"end":8315.41},{"text":"objects","start":8315.81,"end":8316.29},{"text":"indispensable","start":8316.29,"end":8317.05},{"text":"are","start":8317.05,"end":8317.17},{"text":"being","start":8317.17,"end":8317.41},{"text":"systematically","start":8317.41,"end":8318.13},{"text":"targeted","start":8318.13,"end":8318.53},{"text":"and","start":8318.53,"end":8318.65},{"text":"destroyed","start":8318.65,"end":8319.05},{"text":"for","start":8319.05,"end":8319.17},{"text":"the","start":8319.17,"end":8319.29},{"text":"political","start":8319.29,"end":8319.73},{"text":"purpose","start":8319.73,"end":8320.13},{"text":"of","start":8320.13,"end":8320.29},{"text":"causing","start":8320.29,"end":8320.65},{"text":"the","start":8320.65,"end":8320.73},{"text":"forced","start":8320.73,"end":8321.01},{"text":"displacement","start":8321.01,"end":8321.57},{"text":"of","start":8321.57,"end":8321.65},{"text":"a","start":8321.65,"end":8321.69},{"text":"civilian","start":8321.69,"end":8322.13},{"text":"population.","start":8322.13,"end":8322.85}]},{"text":"Egypt reiterates that considerations of military necessity cannot be invoked to set aside the fundamental protections afforded to civilians and civilian objects under IHL.","start":8323.41,"end":8332.45,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8323.41,"end":8323.73},{"text":"reiterates","start":8323.73,"end":8324.21},{"text":"that","start":8324.21,"end":8324.37},{"text":"considerations","start":8324.37,"end":8325.01},{"text":"of","start":8325.01,"end":8325.09},{"text":"military","start":8325.09,"end":8325.53},{"text":"necessity","start":8325.53,"end":8326.05},{"text":"cannot","start":8326.05,"end":8326.53},{"text":"be","start":8326.53,"end":8326.65},{"text":"invoked","start":8326.65,"end":8327.05},{"text":"to","start":8327.05,"end":8327.13},{"text":"set","start":8327.13,"end":8327.37},{"text":"aside","start":8327.37,"end":8327.77},{"text":"the","start":8327.77,"end":8327.85},{"text":"fundamental","start":8327.85,"end":8328.45},{"text":"protections","start":8328.45,"end":8329.01},{"text":"afforded","start":8329.01,"end":8329.37},{"text":"to","start":8329.37,"end":8329.45},{"text":"civilians","start":8329.45,"end":8330.13},{"text":"and","start":8330.37,"end":8330.65},{"text":"civilian","start":8330.65,"end":8331.09},{"text":"objects","start":8331.09,"end":8331.57},{"text":"under","start":8331.57,"end":8331.81},{"text":"IHL.","start":8331.81,"end":8332.45}]},{"text":"Egypt also emphasizes that during hostilities and in situations of occupation, the legal framework governing the privileges and immunities of the United Nations remains applicable, and it is neither suspended nor displaced, and remains the principal applicable body of rules governing the inviolability of UN premises, property, and assets.","start":8333.01,"end":8351.49,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8333.01,"end":8333.33},{"text":"also","start":8333.33,"end":8333.65},{"text":"emphasizes","start":8333.65,"end":8335.01},{"text":"that","start":8335.01,"end":8335.21},{"text":"during","start":8335.21,"end":8335.57},{"text":"hostilities","start":8335.57,"end":8336.21},{"text":"and","start":8336.21,"end":8336.37},{"text":"in","start":8336.37,"end":8336.45},{"text":"situations","start":8336.45,"end":8337.01},{"text":"of","start":8337.01,"end":8337.09},{"text":"occupation,","start":8337.09,"end":8337.81},{"text":"the","start":8337.81,"end":8337.93},{"text":"legal","start":8337.93,"end":8338.29},{"text":"framework","start":8338.29,"end":8338.81},{"text":"governing","start":8338.81,"end":8339.17},{"text":"the","start":8339.17,"end":8339.29},{"text":"privileges","start":8339.29,"end":8339.81},{"text":"and","start":8339.81,"end":8339.93},{"text":"immunities","start":8339.93,"end":8340.45},{"text":"of","start":8340.49,"end":8340.65},{"text":"the","start":8340.65,"end":8340.73},{"text":"United","start":8340.73,"end":8341.09},{"text":"Nations","start":8341.09,"end":8341.65},{"text":"remains","start":8341.89,"end":8342.29},{"text":"applicable,","start":8342.29,"end":8342.89},{"text":"and","start":8342.89,"end":8343.05},{"text":"it","start":8343.05,"end":8343.13},{"text":"is","start":8343.13,"end":8343.25},{"text":"neither","start":8343.25,"end":8343.57},{"text":"suspended","start":8343.57,"end":8344.13},{"text":"nor","start":8344.13,"end":8344.33},{"text":"displaced,","start":8344.33,"end":8345.01},{"text":"and","start":8345.17,"end":8345.45},{"text":"remains","start":8345.45,"end":8345.77},{"text":"the","start":8345.77,"end":8345.89},{"text":"principal","start":8345.89,"end":8346.45},{"text":"applicable","start":8346.53,"end":8347.17},{"text":"body","start":8347.17,"end":8347.45},{"text":"of","start":8347.45,"end":8347.57},{"text":"rules","start":8347.57,"end":8347.81},{"text":"governing","start":8347.81,"end":8348.17},{"text":"the","start":8348.17,"end":8348.25},{"text":"inviolability","start":8348.25,"end":8349.01},{"text":"of","start":8349.01,"end":8349.25},{"text":"UN","start":8349.25,"end":8349.65},{"text":"premises,","start":8349.65,"end":8350.29},{"text":"property,","start":8350.29,"end":8350.81},{"text":"and","start":8350.81,"end":8350.93},{"text":"assets.","start":8350.93,"end":8351.49}]},{"text":"Chair, Egypt reiterates its commitment to the universal respect of IHL, including the additional protocols.","start":8352.01,"end":8357.21,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":8352.01,"end":8352.33},{"text":"Egypt","start":8352.33,"end":8352.65},{"text":"reiterates","start":8352.65,"end":8353.21},{"text":"its","start":8353.21,"end":8353.45},{"text":"commitment","start":8353.45,"end":8353.97},{"text":"to","start":8353.97,"end":8354.05},{"text":"the","start":8354.05,"end":8354.13},{"text":"universal","start":8354.13,"end":8354.57},{"text":"respect","start":8354.57,"end":8354.97},{"text":"of","start":8354.97,"end":8355.05},{"text":"IHL,","start":8355.05,"end":8355.61},{"text":"including","start":8355.61,"end":8356.17},{"text":"the","start":8356.17,"end":8356.25},{"text":"additional","start":8356.25,"end":8356.57},{"text":"protocols.","start":8356.57,"end":8357.21}]},{"text":"Egypt also welcomes the ICRC Global Initiative as an important platform for strengthening respect for and implementation of IHL.","start":8357.53,"end":8363.85,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Egypt","start":8357.53,"end":8357.85},{"text":"also","start":8357.85,"end":8358.05},{"text":"welcomes","start":8358.05,"end":8358.45},{"text":"the","start":8358.45,"end":8358.53},{"text":"ICRC","start":8358.57,"end":8359.17},{"text":"Global","start":8359.17,"end":8359.45},{"text":"Initiative","start":8359.45,"end":8359.93},{"text":"as","start":8359.93,"end":8360.05},{"text":"an","start":8360.05,"end":8360.13},{"text":"important","start":8360.13,"end":8360.61},{"text":"platform","start":8360.61,"end":8361.13},{"text":"for","start":8361.13,"end":8361.29},{"text":"strengthening","start":8361.29,"end":8361.77},{"text":"respect","start":8361.77,"end":8362.21},{"text":"for","start":8362.21,"end":8362.45},{"text":"and","start":8362.45,"end":8362.57},{"text":"implementation","start":8362.57,"end":8363.21},{"text":"of","start":8363.21,"end":8363.29},{"text":"IHL.","start":8363.29,"end":8363.85}]},{"text":"In this context, Egypt was honored to co-chair, together with Indonesia, the work stream on naval warfare.","start":8364.17,"end":8369.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8364.17,"end":8364.33},{"text":"this","start":8364.33,"end":8364.45},{"text":"context,","start":8364.45,"end":8365.05},{"text":"Egypt","start":8365.05,"end":8365.29},{"text":"was","start":8365.29,"end":8365.45},{"text":"honored","start":8365.45,"end":8365.73},{"text":"to","start":8365.73,"end":8365.81},{"text":"co-chair,","start":8365.81,"end":8366.33},{"text":"together","start":8366.33,"end":8366.73},{"text":"with","start":8366.73,"end":8366.89},{"text":"Indonesia,","start":8366.89,"end":8367.53},{"text":"the","start":8367.85,"end":8368.01},{"text":"work","start":8368.01,"end":8368.25},{"text":"stream","start":8368.25,"end":8368.65},{"text":"on","start":8368.65,"end":8368.85},{"text":"naval","start":8368.85,"end":8369.13},{"text":"warfare.","start":8369.13,"end":8369.69}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Egypt remains convinced that the protection of civilians and civilian objects must remain at the heart of the international legal framework governing armed conflicts.","start":8370.41,"end":8378.41,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8370.41,"end":8370.49},{"text":"conclusion,","start":8370.49,"end":8371.05},{"text":"Egypt","start":8371.05,"end":8371.37},{"text":"remains","start":8371.37,"end":8371.69},{"text":"convinced","start":8371.69,"end":8372.21},{"text":"that","start":8372.21,"end":8372.33},{"text":"the","start":8372.33,"end":8372.41},{"text":"protection","start":8372.41,"end":8372.85},{"text":"of","start":8372.85,"end":8372.93},{"text":"civilians","start":8372.93,"end":8373.41},{"text":"and","start":8373.41,"end":8373.53},{"text":"civilian","start":8373.53,"end":8373.85},{"text":"objects","start":8373.85,"end":8374.33},{"text":"must","start":8374.33,"end":8374.57},{"text":"remain","start":8374.57,"end":8374.77},{"text":"at","start":8374.77,"end":8374.85},{"text":"the","start":8374.85,"end":8374.97},{"text":"heart","start":8374.97,"end":8375.37},{"text":"of","start":8375.37,"end":8375.49},{"text":"the","start":8375.49,"end":8375.57},{"text":"international","start":8375.57,"end":8376.21},{"text":"legal","start":8376.21,"end":8376.49},{"text":"framework","start":8376.49,"end":8376.85},{"text":"governing","start":8376.85,"end":8377.29},{"text":"armed","start":8377.69,"end":8377.93},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8377.93,"end":8378.41}]},{"text":"And I would also add, I very much support the comments made by colleagues from Korea, Mexico, and El Salvador about the application of IHL to the use of information and communication technologies.","start":8378.41,"end":8388.09,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8378.41,"end":8378.61},{"text":"I","start":8378.61,"end":8378.65},{"text":"would","start":8378.65,"end":8378.81},{"text":"also","start":8378.81,"end":8379.05},{"text":"add,","start":8379.05,"end":8379.37},{"text":"I","start":8379.61,"end":8379.69},{"text":"very","start":8379.69,"end":8379.93},{"text":"much","start":8379.93,"end":8380.09},{"text":"support","start":8380.09,"end":8380.57},{"text":"the","start":8380.57,"end":8380.65},{"text":"comments","start":8380.65,"end":8381.05},{"text":"made","start":8381.05,"end":8381.25},{"text":"by","start":8381.25,"end":8381.37},{"text":"colleagues","start":8381.37,"end":8381.73},{"text":"from","start":8381.73,"end":8381.93},{"text":"Korea,","start":8381.93,"end":8382.33},{"text":"Mexico,","start":8382.33,"end":8382.97},{"text":"and","start":8383.21,"end":8383.45},{"text":"El","start":8383.45,"end":8383.57},{"text":"Salvador","start":8383.57,"end":8384.05},{"text":"about","start":8384.05,"end":8384.29},{"text":"the","start":8384.29,"end":8384.45},{"text":"application","start":8384.45,"end":8384.97},{"text":"of","start":8384.97,"end":8385.05},{"text":"IHL","start":8385.05,"end":8385.61},{"text":"to","start":8385.77,"end":8385.89},{"text":"the","start":8385.89,"end":8386.01},{"text":"use","start":8386.01,"end":8386.25},{"text":"of","start":8386.25,"end":8386.33},{"text":"information","start":8386.33,"end":8386.77},{"text":"and","start":8386.77,"end":8386.89},{"text":"communication","start":8386.89,"end":8387.37},{"text":"technologies.","start":8387.37,"end":8388.09}]},{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":8388.09,"end":8388.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8388.09,"end":8388.25},{"text":"you,","start":8388.25,"end":8388.37},{"text":"Chair.","start":8388.37,"end":8388.65}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EGY","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Egypt"}},{"statement_number":55,"start":8389.69,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:19:50","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Egypt for his statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba.","start":8389.69,"end":8395.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8389.69,"end":8389.73},{"text":"thank","start":8389.73,"end":8389.93},{"text":"the","start":8389.93,"end":8390.05},{"text":"distinguished","start":8390.05,"end":8390.65},{"text":"representative","start":8390.65,"end":8391.53},{"text":"of","start":8391.53,"end":8391.61},{"text":"Egypt","start":8391.61,"end":8392.01},{"text":"for","start":8392.01,"end":8392.17},{"text":"his","start":8392.17,"end":8392.33},{"text":"statement,","start":8392.33,"end":8392.93},{"text":"and","start":8392.93,"end":8393.09},{"text":"I","start":8393.09,"end":8393.13},{"text":"give","start":8393.13,"end":8393.29},{"text":"the","start":8393.29,"end":8393.41},{"text":"floor","start":8393.45,"end":8393.77},{"text":"to","start":8393.77,"end":8393.89},{"text":"the","start":8393.89,"end":8393.97},{"text":"distinguished","start":8393.97,"end":8394.49},{"text":"representative","start":8394.49,"end":8395.37},{"text":"of","start":8395.37,"end":8395.45},{"text":"Cuba.","start":8395.45,"end":8395.85}]},{"text":"You have the.","start":8396.09,"end":8397.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":8396.09,"end":8396.21},{"text":"have","start":8396.21,"end":8396.33},{"text":"the.","start":8397.21,"end":8397.29}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":56,"start":8399.57,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:20:00","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Madam Chair.","start":8399.57,"end":8400.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8399.57,"end":8399.81},{"text":"you","start":8399.81,"end":8399.89},{"text":"very","start":8399.89,"end":8400.05},{"text":"much,","start":8400.05,"end":8400.29},{"text":"Madam","start":8400.29,"end":8400.57},{"text":"Chair.","start":8400.57,"end":8400.69}]},{"text":"We welcome the report from the Secretary General, A/81/290, which contains contributions from Member States and the ICRC on the status of the Additional Protocols to the Geneva Convention of 1979 on the protection of victims in armed conflict and means adopted, measures adopted to strengthen and implement the existing system of IHL.","start":8402.37,"end":8430.73,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8402.37,"end":8402.77},{"text":"welcome","start":8402.77,"end":8403.17},{"text":"the","start":8403.17,"end":8403.37},{"text":"report","start":8403.37,"end":8403.81},{"text":"from","start":8403.81,"end":8403.97},{"text":"the","start":8403.97,"end":8404.05},{"text":"Secretary","start":8404.05,"end":8404.57},{"text":"General,","start":8404.57,"end":8404.89},{"text":"A/81/290,","start":8405.97,"end":8407.69},{"text":"which","start":8409.61,"end":8410.13},{"text":"contains","start":8411.49,"end":8412.01},{"text":"contributions","start":8412.01,"end":8412.97},{"text":"from","start":8412.97,"end":8413.41},{"text":"Member","start":8413.41,"end":8413.69},{"text":"States","start":8413.69,"end":8414.17},{"text":"and","start":8414.17,"end":8414.45},{"text":"the","start":8414.45,"end":8414.69},{"text":"ICRC","start":8414.69,"end":8415.61},{"text":"on","start":8416.01,"end":8416.49},{"text":"the","start":8416.49,"end":8416.61},{"text":"status","start":8416.61,"end":8417.21},{"text":"of","start":8417.25,"end":8417.45},{"text":"the","start":8417.45,"end":8417.53},{"text":"Additional","start":8418.13,"end":8418.53},{"text":"Protocols","start":8418.53,"end":8419.05},{"text":"to","start":8419.05,"end":8419.17},{"text":"the","start":8419.21,"end":8419.33},{"text":"Geneva","start":8419.37,"end":8419.69},{"text":"Convention","start":8419.69,"end":8420.13},{"text":"of","start":8420.13,"end":8420.21},{"text":"1979","start":8420.21,"end":8421.37},{"text":"on","start":8421.53,"end":8421.73},{"text":"the","start":8421.73,"end":8421.81},{"text":"protection","start":8421.81,"end":8422.25},{"text":"of","start":8422.25,"end":8422.33},{"text":"victims","start":8422.33,"end":8422.73},{"text":"in","start":8422.73,"end":8422.89},{"text":"armed","start":8422.89,"end":8423.13},{"text":"conflict","start":8423.13,"end":8423.77},{"text":"and","start":8424.09,"end":8424.65},{"text":"means","start":8424.81,"end":8425.29},{"text":"adopted,","start":8425.29,"end":8426.25},{"text":"measures","start":8426.25,"end":8426.65},{"text":"adopted","start":8426.65,"end":8427.09},{"text":"to","start":8427.09,"end":8427.37},{"text":"strengthen","start":8427.37,"end":8428.05},{"text":"and","start":8428.05,"end":8428.25},{"text":"implement","start":8428.25,"end":8428.73},{"text":"the","start":8428.73,"end":8428.85},{"text":"existing","start":8428.85,"end":8429.29},{"text":"system","start":8429.29,"end":8429.81},{"text":"of","start":8429.81,"end":8429.93},{"text":"IHL.","start":8429.93,"end":8430.73}]},{"text":"Cuba.","start":8433.13,"end":8433.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuba.","start":8433.13,"end":8433.65}]},{"text":"is partially a party to the 1949 and 1977 protocols regarding the protection of victims to armed conflict.","start":8436.69,"end":8447.97,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"is","start":8436.69,"end":8437.17},{"text":"partially","start":8437.73,"end":8439.05},{"text":"a","start":8439.57,"end":8439.65},{"text":"party","start":8439.65,"end":8440.05},{"text":"to","start":8440.05,"end":8440.25},{"text":"the","start":8440.29,"end":8440.49},{"text":"1949","start":8440.85,"end":8442.37},{"text":"and","start":8442.41,"end":8442.77},{"text":"1977","start":8443.09,"end":8444.45},{"text":"protocols","start":8444.69,"end":8445.49},{"text":"regarding","start":8445.49,"end":8446.05},{"text":"the","start":8446.05,"end":8446.13},{"text":"protection","start":8446.13,"end":8446.65},{"text":"of","start":8446.65,"end":8446.73},{"text":"victims","start":8446.73,"end":8447.09},{"text":"to","start":8447.09,"end":8447.21},{"text":"armed","start":8447.21,"end":8447.37},{"text":"conflict.","start":8447.37,"end":8447.97}]},{"text":"And we are committed to spreading as widely as possible the provisions included in these instruments, both in peacetime and in times of armed conflict, so that the armed forces and people in general are aware of them.","start":8448.29,"end":8462.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8448.29,"end":8448.53},{"text":"we","start":8448.53,"end":8448.85},{"text":"are","start":8449.33,"end":8449.49},{"text":"committed","start":8449.49,"end":8450.05},{"text":"to","start":8450.05,"end":8450.29},{"text":"spreading","start":8451.17,"end":8451.57},{"text":"as","start":8451.57,"end":8451.73},{"text":"widely","start":8451.73,"end":8452.17},{"text":"as","start":8452.17,"end":8452.29},{"text":"possible","start":8452.29,"end":8452.85},{"text":"the","start":8452.85,"end":8452.93},{"text":"provisions","start":8452.93,"end":8453.57},{"text":"included","start":8453.57,"end":8453.97},{"text":"in","start":8453.97,"end":8454.13},{"text":"these","start":8454.13,"end":8454.29},{"text":"instruments,","start":8454.29,"end":8454.85},{"text":"both","start":8454.85,"end":8455.17},{"text":"in","start":8455.17,"end":8455.49},{"text":"peacetime","start":8455.49,"end":8456.21},{"text":"and","start":8456.21,"end":8456.41},{"text":"in","start":8456.41,"end":8456.53},{"text":"times","start":8456.53,"end":8456.85},{"text":"of","start":8456.85,"end":8456.93},{"text":"armed","start":8456.93,"end":8457.09},{"text":"conflict,","start":8457.09,"end":8457.73},{"text":"so","start":8458.29,"end":8458.61},{"text":"that","start":8458.61,"end":8459.09},{"text":"the","start":8459.09,"end":8459.17},{"text":"armed","start":8459.57,"end":8459.97},{"text":"forces","start":8459.97,"end":8460.65},{"text":"and","start":8460.65,"end":8460.85},{"text":"people","start":8460.85,"end":8461.17},{"text":"in","start":8461.17,"end":8461.33},{"text":"general","start":8461.33,"end":8461.73},{"text":"are","start":8461.73,"end":8461.85},{"text":"aware","start":8461.85,"end":8462.09},{"text":"of","start":8462.09,"end":8462.21},{"text":"them.","start":8462.21,"end":8462.45}]},{"text":"In accordance with this mandate, the Cuban Red Cross, by means of its national, provincial and municipal bodies, gives various courses on IHL, looking at the various aspects of this in our country.","start":8464.33,"end":8480.81,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8464.33,"end":8464.57},{"text":"accordance","start":8464.57,"end":8465.05},{"text":"with","start":8465.05,"end":8465.17},{"text":"this","start":8465.17,"end":8465.37},{"text":"mandate,","start":8465.37,"end":8466.01},{"text":"the","start":8466.09,"end":8466.21},{"text":"Cuban","start":8466.57,"end":8467.13},{"text":"Red","start":8467.13,"end":8467.37},{"text":"Cross,","start":8467.37,"end":8467.85},{"text":"by","start":8467.85,"end":8468.09},{"text":"means","start":8468.09,"end":8468.41},{"text":"of","start":8468.45,"end":8468.53},{"text":"its","start":8468.53,"end":8468.81},{"text":"national,","start":8468.81,"end":8469.69},{"text":"provincial","start":8469.69,"end":8470.33},{"text":"and","start":8470.33,"end":8470.45},{"text":"municipal","start":8470.45,"end":8471.53},{"text":"bodies,","start":8472.09,"end":8472.73},{"text":"gives","start":8473.37,"end":8473.77},{"text":"various","start":8473.77,"end":8474.17},{"text":"courses","start":8474.17,"end":8474.81},{"text":"on","start":8474.81,"end":8475.21},{"text":"IHL,","start":8476.09,"end":8477.05},{"text":"looking","start":8477.37,"end":8477.85},{"text":"at","start":8477.85,"end":8478.25},{"text":"the","start":8478.41,"end":8478.53},{"text":"various","start":8478.73,"end":8479.29},{"text":"aspects","start":8479.29,"end":8479.73},{"text":"of","start":8479.73,"end":8479.81},{"text":"this","start":8479.81,"end":8480.05},{"text":"in","start":8480.05,"end":8480.17},{"text":"our","start":8480.17,"end":8480.25},{"text":"country.","start":8480.25,"end":8480.81}]},{"text":"Again, the National Union of Jurists of Cuba has both national and provincial courses on these matters and our international school in Havana on IHL and international public law.","start":8482.53,"end":8499.77,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Again,","start":8482.53,"end":8483.13},{"text":"the","start":8483.13,"end":8483.33},{"text":"National","start":8483.53,"end":8484.41},{"text":"Union","start":8484.49,"end":8484.97},{"text":"of","start":8484.97,"end":8485.29},{"text":"Jurists","start":8485.77,"end":8486.33},{"text":"of","start":8486.33,"end":8486.41},{"text":"Cuba","start":8486.41,"end":8486.81},{"text":"has","start":8487.37,"end":8487.69},{"text":"both","start":8487.69,"end":8488.09},{"text":"national","start":8488.97,"end":8489.45},{"text":"and","start":8489.45,"end":8489.57},{"text":"provincial","start":8489.57,"end":8490.57},{"text":"courses","start":8490.73,"end":8491.45},{"text":"on","start":8491.45,"end":8492.17},{"text":"these","start":8492.17,"end":8492.49},{"text":"matters","start":8492.49,"end":8493.05},{"text":"and","start":8493.05,"end":8493.41},{"text":"our","start":8493.41,"end":8493.53},{"text":"international","start":8494.01,"end":8494.77},{"text":"school","start":8494.77,"end":8495.37},{"text":"in","start":8495.37,"end":8495.61},{"text":"Havana","start":8495.61,"end":8496.17},{"text":"on","start":8496.49,"end":8497.05},{"text":"IHL","start":8497.21,"end":8497.97},{"text":"and","start":8497.97,"end":8498.17},{"text":"international","start":8498.17,"end":8498.97},{"text":"public","start":8498.97,"end":8499.37},{"text":"law.","start":8499.37,"end":8499.77}]},{"text":"In this way, we fully comply with the obligations to implement the study of IHL in military programs as well.","start":8500.09,"end":8512.29,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"as","start":8512.61,"end":8512.97},{"text":"those","start":8512.97,"end":8513.37},{"text":"are","start":8513.37,"end":8513.69},{"text":"where","start":8514.41,"end":8514.57},{"text":"the","start":8514.57,"end":8514.73},{"text":"front","start":8514.73,"end":8515.05},{"text":"line","start":8515.05,"end":8515.37},{"text":"is","start":8515.37,"end":8515.65},{"text":"when","start":8515.65,"end":8515.81},{"text":"it","start":8515.81,"end":8515.89},{"text":"comes","start":8515.89,"end":8516.13},{"text":"to","start":8516.13,"end":8516.21},{"text":"implementation","start":8516.21,"end":8517.01},{"text":"of","start":8517.01,"end":8517.21},{"text":"IHL.","start":8517.29,"end":8517.93}]},{"text":"Madam, significant progress has been made in legislation, starting with the promulgation on the 10th of April 2019 by means of a referendum of the new constitution of the Republic of Cuba.","start":8518.73,"end":8532.41,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":8518.73,"end":8519.05},{"text":"significant","start":8519.61,"end":8520.33},{"text":"progress","start":8520.33,"end":8520.97},{"text":"has","start":8520.97,"end":8521.37},{"text":"been","start":8521.37,"end":8521.61},{"text":"made","start":8521.61,"end":8522.01},{"text":"in","start":8522.01,"end":8522.17},{"text":"legislation,","start":8522.17,"end":8522.97},{"text":"starting","start":8522.97,"end":8523.53},{"text":"with","start":8523.69,"end":8523.93},{"text":"the","start":8523.93,"end":8524.01},{"text":"promulgation","start":8524.01,"end":8524.97},{"text":"on","start":8524.97,"end":8525.05},{"text":"the","start":8525.05,"end":8525.13},{"text":"10th","start":8525.13,"end":8525.49},{"text":"of","start":8525.49,"end":8525.61},{"text":"April","start":8525.61,"end":8526.17},{"text":"2019","start":8526.17,"end":8527.45},{"text":"by","start":8528.01,"end":8528.25},{"text":"means","start":8528.25,"end":8528.65},{"text":"of","start":8528.85,"end":8528.93},{"text":"a","start":8528.93,"end":8528.97},{"text":"referendum","start":8528.97,"end":8529.85},{"text":"of","start":8529.89,"end":8529.97},{"text":"the","start":8529.97,"end":8530.13},{"text":"new","start":8530.17,"end":8530.57},{"text":"constitution","start":8530.57,"end":8531.37},{"text":"of","start":8531.37,"end":8531.45},{"text":"the","start":8531.45,"end":8531.57},{"text":"Republic","start":8531.57,"end":8532.01},{"text":"of","start":8532.01,"end":8532.09},{"text":"Cuba.","start":8532.09,"end":8532.41}]},{"text":"This Magna Carta reflects throughout the full respect of the principles and norms going to make up international law.","start":8532.73,"end":8543.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8532.73,"end":8533.13},{"text":"Magna","start":8533.45,"end":8533.85},{"text":"Carta","start":8533.85,"end":8534.41},{"text":"reflects","start":8535.29,"end":8535.93},{"text":"throughout","start":8535.93,"end":8536.73},{"text":"the","start":8537.13,"end":8537.21},{"text":"full","start":8538.25,"end":8538.65},{"text":"respect","start":8538.65,"end":8539.61},{"text":"of","start":8539.61,"end":8539.77},{"text":"the","start":8539.77,"end":8539.89},{"text":"principles","start":8540.01,"end":8540.61},{"text":"and","start":8540.61,"end":8540.77},{"text":"norms","start":8540.77,"end":8541.21},{"text":"going","start":8541.21,"end":8541.41},{"text":"to","start":8541.41,"end":8541.49},{"text":"make","start":8541.49,"end":8541.73},{"text":"up","start":8541.73,"end":8541.89},{"text":"international","start":8541.89,"end":8543.05},{"text":"law.","start":8543.05,"end":8543.13}]},{"text":"For example, equality of law, territorial integrity, independence of states, the non-use of force, refraining from the threat of the use of force in international reparations, international cooperation in mutual and equitable assistance, and the peaceful settlement of disputes on the basis of equality inter alia.","start":8543.57,"end":8562.85,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":8543.57,"end":8543.65},{"text":"example,","start":8543.65,"end":8544.17},{"text":"equality","start":8544.17,"end":8544.73},{"text":"of","start":8544.73,"end":8544.85},{"text":"law,","start":8544.85,"end":8545.33},{"text":"territorial","start":8545.33,"end":8545.93},{"text":"integrity,","start":8545.93,"end":8546.69},{"text":"independence","start":8546.93,"end":8547.73},{"text":"of","start":8547.73,"end":8547.81},{"text":"states,","start":8547.81,"end":8548.45},{"text":"the","start":8548.93,"end":8549.05},{"text":"non-use","start":8549.97,"end":8550.53},{"text":"of","start":8550.53,"end":8550.61},{"text":"force,","start":8550.61,"end":8551.09},{"text":"refraining","start":8551.09,"end":8551.73},{"text":"from","start":8551.73,"end":8551.97},{"text":"the","start":8551.97,"end":8552.13},{"text":"threat","start":8552.37,"end":8552.73},{"text":"of","start":8552.73,"end":8552.81},{"text":"the","start":8552.81,"end":8552.89},{"text":"use","start":8552.89,"end":8553.01},{"text":"of","start":8553.01,"end":8553.09},{"text":"force","start":8553.09,"end":8553.33},{"text":"in","start":8553.33,"end":8553.45},{"text":"international","start":8553.45,"end":8554.13},{"text":"reparations,","start":8554.13,"end":8554.85},{"text":"international","start":8555.01,"end":8555.65},{"text":"cooperation","start":8555.65,"end":8556.45},{"text":"in","start":8556.45,"end":8556.53},{"text":"mutual","start":8556.53,"end":8557.01},{"text":"and","start":8557.01,"end":8557.25},{"text":"equitable","start":8557.25,"end":8557.89},{"text":"assistance,","start":8557.89,"end":8558.53},{"text":"and","start":8558.77,"end":8559.09},{"text":"the","start":8559.33,"end":8559.41},{"text":"peaceful","start":8559.41,"end":8559.81},{"text":"settlement","start":8559.81,"end":8560.29},{"text":"of","start":8560.29,"end":8560.53},{"text":"disputes","start":8560.53,"end":8561.01},{"text":"on","start":8561.01,"end":8561.17},{"text":"the","start":8561.17,"end":8561.25},{"text":"basis","start":8561.25,"end":8561.53},{"text":"of","start":8561.53,"end":8561.61},{"text":"equality","start":8561.61,"end":8562.05},{"text":"inter","start":8562.05,"end":8562.57},{"text":"alia.","start":8562.57,"end":8562.85}]},{"text":"At the same time, the Cuban Constitution promotes general and full disarmament and rejects the existence and proliferation and use of nuclear weapons, WMDs and other similar, as well as the development and use of new forms of warfare, such as cyber warfare, which run counter to international law.","start":8563.73,"end":8590.85,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8563.73,"end":8563.85},{"text":"the","start":8563.85,"end":8563.93},{"text":"same","start":8563.93,"end":8564.21},{"text":"time,","start":8564.21,"end":8564.61},{"text":"the","start":8565.09,"end":8565.29},{"text":"Cuban","start":8565.73,"end":8566.05},{"text":"Constitution","start":8566.05,"end":8567.09},{"text":"promotes","start":8567.77,"end":8568.81},{"text":"general","start":8569.21,"end":8569.77},{"text":"and","start":8570.13,"end":8570.29},{"text":"full","start":8570.29,"end":8570.57},{"text":"disarmament","start":8570.57,"end":8571.45},{"text":"and","start":8571.45,"end":8571.69},{"text":"rejects","start":8571.69,"end":8572.41},{"text":"the","start":8572.41,"end":8572.49},{"text":"existence","start":8572.49,"end":8573.37},{"text":"and","start":8573.37,"end":8573.57},{"text":"proliferation","start":8573.57,"end":8574.33},{"text":"and","start":8574.33,"end":8574.45},{"text":"use","start":8574.49,"end":8574.97},{"text":"of","start":8574.97,"end":8575.29},{"text":"nuclear","start":8576.09,"end":8576.53},{"text":"weapons,","start":8576.53,"end":8577.29},{"text":"WMDs","start":8580.09,"end":8581.05},{"text":"and","start":8581.09,"end":8581.29},{"text":"other","start":8581.29,"end":8581.53},{"text":"similar,","start":8581.53,"end":8581.89},{"text":"as","start":8581.89,"end":8582.01},{"text":"well","start":8582.01,"end":8582.17},{"text":"as","start":8582.17,"end":8582.25},{"text":"the","start":8582.25,"end":8582.33},{"text":"development","start":8582.33,"end":8583.09},{"text":"and","start":8583.09,"end":8583.29},{"text":"use","start":8583.29,"end":8583.69},{"text":"of","start":8583.69,"end":8583.85},{"text":"new","start":8583.85,"end":8584.25},{"text":"forms","start":8584.65,"end":8585.13},{"text":"of","start":8585.13,"end":8585.37},{"text":"warfare,","start":8585.45,"end":8586.05},{"text":"such","start":8586.21,"end":8586.49},{"text":"as","start":8587.29,"end":8587.53},{"text":"cyber","start":8587.53,"end":8588.33},{"text":"warfare,","start":8588.33,"end":8588.85},{"text":"which","start":8588.85,"end":8589.21},{"text":"run","start":8589.21,"end":8589.65},{"text":"counter","start":8589.65,"end":8589.93},{"text":"to","start":8589.93,"end":8590.01},{"text":"international","start":8590.01,"end":8590.77},{"text":"law.","start":8590.77,"end":8590.85}]},{"text":"In our new penal code, we include crimes against IHL, previously coming under the law on military crimes.","start":8591.49,"end":8600.69,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8591.49,"end":8591.65},{"text":"our","start":8591.65,"end":8591.77},{"text":"new","start":8591.77,"end":8592.37},{"text":"penal","start":8592.93,"end":8593.21},{"text":"code,","start":8593.21,"end":8593.73},{"text":"we","start":8593.73,"end":8593.89},{"text":"include","start":8593.89,"end":8594.69},{"text":"crimes","start":8594.69,"end":8595.33},{"text":"against","start":8595.33,"end":8595.89},{"text":"IHL,","start":8595.89,"end":8596.53},{"text":"previously","start":8596.53,"end":8597.41},{"text":"coming","start":8597.97,"end":8598.29},{"text":"under","start":8598.29,"end":8598.61},{"text":"the","start":8598.61,"end":8598.69},{"text":"law","start":8598.69,"end":8599.21},{"text":"on","start":8599.21,"end":8599.41},{"text":"military","start":8599.57,"end":8600.13},{"text":"crimes.","start":8600.13,"end":8600.69}]},{"text":"This corresponds with Protocol I of the Geneva Conventions of 1949.","start":8601.17,"end":8607.33,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8601.17,"end":8601.65},{"text":"corresponds","start":8602.45,"end":8603.17},{"text":"with","start":8603.17,"end":8603.49},{"text":"Protocol","start":8604.05,"end":8604.69},{"text":"I","start":8604.69,"end":8604.73},{"text":"of","start":8604.73,"end":8605.01},{"text":"the","start":8605.01,"end":8605.13},{"text":"Geneva","start":8605.13,"end":8605.45},{"text":"Conventions","start":8605.45,"end":8606.01},{"text":"of","start":8606.01,"end":8606.13},{"text":"1949.","start":8606.13,"end":8607.33}]},{"text":"These new provisions are intended to ensure that what is in the substantive criminal law is recognizable and applicable to all of those declared responsible for the crimes there.","start":8607.81,"end":8625.13,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":8607.81,"end":8608.05},{"text":"new","start":8608.05,"end":8608.29},{"text":"provisions","start":8608.29,"end":8609.01},{"text":"are","start":8609.85,"end":8609.93},{"text":"intended","start":8609.93,"end":8610.69},{"text":"to","start":8611.77,"end":8612.01},{"text":"ensure","start":8612.01,"end":8612.57},{"text":"that","start":8612.57,"end":8612.81},{"text":"what","start":8612.81,"end":8612.97},{"text":"is","start":8612.97,"end":8613.21},{"text":"in","start":8613.21,"end":8613.53},{"text":"the","start":8613.85,"end":8614.05},{"text":"substantive","start":8614.49,"end":8615.13},{"text":"criminal","start":8615.13,"end":8616.05},{"text":"law","start":8616.05,"end":8616.13},{"text":"is","start":8616.73,"end":8617.13},{"text":"recognizable","start":8617.77,"end":8618.65},{"text":"and","start":8618.65,"end":8618.77},{"text":"applicable","start":8618.77,"end":8619.37},{"text":"to","start":8619.37,"end":8619.81},{"text":"all","start":8619.81,"end":8620.01},{"text":"of","start":8620.05,"end":8620.17},{"text":"those","start":8620.17,"end":8620.57},{"text":"declared","start":8621.29,"end":8622.25},{"text":"responsible","start":8622.25,"end":8623.13},{"text":"for","start":8623.13,"end":8623.61},{"text":"the","start":8623.61,"end":8623.69},{"text":"crimes","start":8624.49,"end":8625.01},{"text":"there.","start":8625.01,"end":8625.13}]},{"text":"Again, we have crimes linked to IHL, ill treatment, violence of prisoners of war, pillage, actions against the civilian population, and the undue use of symbols of the Red Cross or other international body giving humanitarian aid in situations of armed conflict in accordance with the current concepts regarding the addressing of the various situations leading to armed conflict, both national and international.","start":8626.01,"end":8662.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Here,","start":8663.53,"end":8663.73},{"text":"laws","start":8665.05,"end":8665.45},{"text":"140","start":8665.49,"end":8666.89},{"text":"of","start":8666.97,"end":8667.29},{"text":"courts,","start":8667.37,"end":8667.85},{"text":"143","start":8667.85,"end":8668.93},{"text":"of","start":8668.93,"end":8669.05},{"text":"the","start":8669.05,"end":8669.17},{"text":"criminal","start":8669.29,"end":8670.09},{"text":"procedures,","start":8670.17,"end":8670.89},{"text":"both","start":8670.89,"end":8671.13},{"text":"of","start":8671.17,"end":8671.25},{"text":"the","start":8671.25,"end":8671.37},{"text":"28th","start":8671.37,"end":8672.49},{"text":"of","start":8672.49,"end":8672.57},{"text":"October,","start":8672.57,"end":8673.13},{"text":"2021","start":8673.13,"end":8674.41},{"text":"were","start":8674.41,"end":8674.53},{"text":"approved,","start":8674.53,"end":8674.97},{"text":"and","start":8674.97,"end":8675.17},{"text":"one","start":8675.69,"end":8676.09},{"text":"for","start":8676.33,"end":8676.81},{"text":"seven","start":8677.05,"end":8677.57},{"text":"of","start":8677.57,"end":8677.69},{"text":"the","start":8677.69,"end":8677.81},{"text":"military","start":8677.93,"end":8678.89},{"text":"procedures","start":8678.97,"end":8679.69},{"text":"of","start":8680.21,"end":8680.33},{"text":"December,","start":8680.33,"end":8680.85},{"text":"2021.","start":8680.85,"end":8681.93}]},{"text":"Here, the basic right to legal due process of anybody tried, respecting the provisions in the constitution of the Republic.","start":8682.17,"end":8693.61,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Here,","start":8682.17,"end":8682.57},{"text":"the","start":8682.73,"end":8682.93},{"text":"basic","start":8683.21,"end":8684.09},{"text":"right","start":8684.09,"end":8684.81},{"text":"to","start":8685.29,"end":8685.69},{"text":"legal","start":8686.09,"end":8686.65},{"text":"due","start":8686.89,"end":8687.21},{"text":"process","start":8687.21,"end":8687.73},{"text":"of","start":8687.73,"end":8687.85},{"text":"anybody","start":8687.85,"end":8688.41},{"text":"tried,","start":8688.73,"end":8689.45},{"text":"respecting","start":8690.09,"end":8690.73},{"text":"the","start":8690.73,"end":8690.89},{"text":"provisions","start":8690.97,"end":8691.53},{"text":"in","start":8691.53,"end":8691.77},{"text":"the","start":8691.77,"end":8691.89},{"text":"constitution","start":8692.25,"end":8692.93},{"text":"of","start":8692.93,"end":8693.01},{"text":"the","start":8693.01,"end":8693.09},{"text":"Republic.","start":8693.09,"end":8693.61}]},{"text":"Madam, Cuba supports a broad, transparent debate without double standards in this Sixth Committee, and we believe that today, more than ever, it is imperative to consolidate the legal system pertaining to armed conflicts by means of its universal acceptance.","start":8694.01,"end":8711.05,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":8694.01,"end":8694.33},{"text":"Cuba","start":8694.97,"end":8695.29},{"text":"supports","start":8695.29,"end":8695.93},{"text":"a","start":8695.93,"end":8696.01},{"text":"broad,","start":8696.01,"end":8696.81},{"text":"transparent","start":8696.81,"end":8697.69},{"text":"debate","start":8697.69,"end":8698.09},{"text":"without","start":8698.09,"end":8698.57},{"text":"double","start":8698.57,"end":8698.81},{"text":"standards","start":8698.81,"end":8699.45},{"text":"in","start":8699.45,"end":8699.61},{"text":"this","start":8699.61,"end":8700.01},{"text":"Sixth","start":8700.89,"end":8701.21},{"text":"Committee,","start":8701.21,"end":8701.61},{"text":"and","start":8701.61,"end":8701.73},{"text":"we","start":8701.73,"end":8701.85},{"text":"believe","start":8701.85,"end":8702.25},{"text":"that","start":8702.25,"end":8702.45},{"text":"today,","start":8702.45,"end":8702.89},{"text":"more","start":8702.89,"end":8703.13},{"text":"than","start":8703.13,"end":8703.29},{"text":"ever,","start":8703.29,"end":8703.61},{"text":"it","start":8703.85,"end":8704.05},{"text":"is","start":8704.05,"end":8704.17},{"text":"imperative","start":8704.17,"end":8705.05},{"text":"to","start":8705.05,"end":8705.21},{"text":"consolidate","start":8705.21,"end":8706.17},{"text":"the","start":8706.17,"end":8706.29},{"text":"legal","start":8706.41,"end":8706.81},{"text":"system","start":8706.81,"end":8707.37},{"text":"pertaining","start":8707.85,"end":8708.37},{"text":"to","start":8708.37,"end":8708.49},{"text":"armed","start":8708.49,"end":8708.69},{"text":"conflicts","start":8708.69,"end":8709.17},{"text":"by","start":8709.17,"end":8709.29},{"text":"means","start":8709.29,"end":8709.57},{"text":"of","start":8709.57,"end":8709.65},{"text":"its","start":8709.65,"end":8709.77},{"text":"universal","start":8709.77,"end":8710.25},{"text":"acceptance.","start":8710.25,"end":8711.05}]},{"text":"We say once again that we are willing to work on the global implementation of the provisions of IHL.","start":8711.61,"end":8718.17,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8711.61,"end":8711.77},{"text":"say","start":8711.77,"end":8712.01},{"text":"once","start":8712.01,"end":8712.25},{"text":"again","start":8712.25,"end":8712.81},{"text":"that","start":8712.97,"end":8713.29},{"text":"we","start":8713.29,"end":8713.53},{"text":"are","start":8713.53,"end":8713.61},{"text":"willing","start":8713.61,"end":8713.93},{"text":"to","start":8713.93,"end":8714.13},{"text":"work","start":8714.13,"end":8714.65},{"text":"on","start":8714.65,"end":8714.81},{"text":"the","start":8714.81,"end":8714.97},{"text":"global","start":8714.97,"end":8715.41},{"text":"implementation","start":8715.41,"end":8716.33},{"text":"of","start":8716.33,"end":8716.49},{"text":"the","start":8716.49,"end":8716.69},{"text":"provisions","start":8716.81,"end":8717.37},{"text":"of","start":8717.37,"end":8717.45},{"text":"IHL.","start":8717.45,"end":8718.17}]},{"text":"We continue working with the Red Cross and various other associations in the lofty task of disseminating the knowledge and respect of IHL.","start":8718.33,"end":8731.77,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8718.33,"end":8718.57},{"text":"continue","start":8718.57,"end":8719.37},{"text":"working","start":8721.05,"end":8721.53},{"text":"with","start":8721.53,"end":8721.81},{"text":"the","start":8721.81,"end":8721.89},{"text":"Red","start":8722.89,"end":8723.13},{"text":"Cross","start":8723.13,"end":8723.57},{"text":"and","start":8723.57,"end":8723.85},{"text":"various","start":8724.01,"end":8724.41},{"text":"other","start":8724.41,"end":8725.21},{"text":"associations","start":8726.09,"end":8726.97},{"text":"in","start":8726.97,"end":8727.13},{"text":"the","start":8727.13,"end":8727.25},{"text":"lofty","start":8727.29,"end":8727.69},{"text":"task","start":8727.69,"end":8728.17},{"text":"of","start":8728.17,"end":8728.41},{"text":"disseminating","start":8728.61,"end":8729.85},{"text":"the","start":8729.85,"end":8729.97},{"text":"knowledge","start":8730.17,"end":8730.57},{"text":"and","start":8730.57,"end":8730.69},{"text":"respect","start":8730.69,"end":8731.13},{"text":"of","start":8731.13,"end":8731.21},{"text":"IHL.","start":8731.21,"end":8731.77}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":8731.77,"end":8732.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8731.77,"end":8732.09},{"text":"you.","start":8732.09,"end":8732.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CUB","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Cuba"}},{"statement_number":57,"start":8732.97,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:25:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Cuba for his statement.","start":8732.97,"end":8736.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8732.97,"end":8733.05},{"text":"thank","start":8733.09,"end":8733.29},{"text":"the","start":8733.29,"end":8733.41},{"text":"distinguished","start":8733.41,"end":8734.01},{"text":"representative","start":8734.01,"end":8734.77},{"text":"of","start":8734.77,"end":8734.97},{"text":"Cuba","start":8734.97,"end":8735.29},{"text":"for","start":8735.45,"end":8735.69},{"text":"his","start":8735.69,"end":8735.85},{"text":"statement.","start":8735.85,"end":8736.41}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Brazil.","start":8736.41,"end":8739.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8736.41,"end":8736.49},{"text":"give","start":8736.49,"end":8736.65},{"text":"the","start":8736.65,"end":8736.81},{"text":"floor","start":8736.81,"end":8737.05},{"text":"to","start":8737.05,"end":8737.13},{"text":"the","start":8737.21,"end":8737.33},{"text":"distinguished","start":8737.33,"end":8737.81},{"text":"representative","start":8737.81,"end":8738.49},{"text":"of","start":8738.49,"end":8738.65},{"text":"Brazil.","start":8738.65,"end":8739.09}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":58,"start":8743.01,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:25:44","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":8743.01,"end":8744.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8743.01,"end":8743.41},{"text":"you,","start":8743.41,"end":8743.49},{"text":"Madam","start":8743.49,"end":8743.81},{"text":"Chair.","start":8743.81,"end":8744.29}]},{"text":"Brazil thanks the Secretary General for his report on the status of the protocols.","start":8744.69,"end":8751.65,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":8744.69,"end":8745.09},{"text":"thanks","start":8745.09,"end":8745.57},{"text":"the","start":8745.57,"end":8745.65},{"text":"Secretary","start":8745.65,"end":8746.21},{"text":"General","start":8746.77,"end":8747.33},{"text":"for","start":8747.33,"end":8747.49},{"text":"his","start":8747.49,"end":8747.73},{"text":"report","start":8747.73,"end":8748.29},{"text":"on","start":8749.57,"end":8750.05},{"text":"the","start":8750.05,"end":8750.17},{"text":"status","start":8750.17,"end":8750.61},{"text":"of","start":8750.61,"end":8750.77},{"text":"the","start":8750.77,"end":8750.85},{"text":"protocols.","start":8750.85,"end":8751.65}]},{"text":"And we are very happy to also add to the voices of others in expressing that Brazil is a party to the four Geneva Conventions and to their first, second, and third additional protocols.","start":8753.09,"end":8768.29,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8753.09,"end":8753.49},{"text":"we","start":8753.81,"end":8754.05},{"text":"are","start":8754.05,"end":8754.13},{"text":"very","start":8754.13,"end":8754.41},{"text":"happy","start":8754.41,"end":8754.81},{"text":"to","start":8754.81,"end":8755.41},{"text":"also","start":8755.81,"end":8756.53},{"text":"add","start":8756.77,"end":8756.97},{"text":"to","start":8756.97,"end":8757.21},{"text":"the","start":8757.21,"end":8757.29},{"text":"voices","start":8757.29,"end":8757.73},{"text":"of","start":8757.73,"end":8757.97},{"text":"others","start":8757.97,"end":8758.45},{"text":"in","start":8759.33,"end":8759.73},{"text":"expressing","start":8759.73,"end":8760.29},{"text":"that","start":8760.29,"end":8760.45},{"text":"Brazil","start":8760.45,"end":8760.93},{"text":"is","start":8760.93,"end":8761.05},{"text":"a","start":8761.05,"end":8761.09},{"text":"party","start":8761.09,"end":8761.49},{"text":"to","start":8761.49,"end":8761.73},{"text":"the","start":8761.73,"end":8761.81},{"text":"four","start":8761.81,"end":8762.21},{"text":"Geneva","start":8762.21,"end":8762.69},{"text":"Conventions","start":8762.69,"end":8763.49},{"text":"and","start":8763.85,"end":8764.01},{"text":"to","start":8764.01,"end":8764.17},{"text":"their","start":8764.17,"end":8764.29},{"text":"first,","start":8764.29,"end":8764.93},{"text":"second,","start":8765.25,"end":8765.61},{"text":"and","start":8765.61,"end":8765.89},{"text":"third","start":8766.37,"end":8766.85},{"text":"additional","start":8767.17,"end":8767.65},{"text":"protocols.","start":8767.65,"end":8768.29}]},{"text":"We remain firmly committed to the promotion, dissemination, and faithful implementation of international humanitarian law, including towards the universality.","start":8768.89,"end":8778.33,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8768.89,"end":8768.97},{"text":"remain","start":8768.97,"end":8769.53},{"text":"firmly","start":8769.53,"end":8769.97},{"text":"committed","start":8769.97,"end":8770.37},{"text":"to","start":8770.37,"end":8770.49},{"text":"the","start":8770.49,"end":8770.57},{"text":"promotion,","start":8770.57,"end":8771.21},{"text":"dissemination,","start":8771.21,"end":8771.89},{"text":"and","start":8771.89,"end":8772.05},{"text":"faithful","start":8772.05,"end":8772.81},{"text":"implementation","start":8772.97,"end":8773.81},{"text":"of","start":8773.81,"end":8773.93},{"text":"international","start":8773.93,"end":8774.65},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8774.65,"end":8775.29},{"text":"law,","start":8775.29,"end":8775.61},{"text":"including","start":8776.09,"end":8776.81},{"text":"towards","start":8776.81,"end":8777.29},{"text":"the","start":8777.29,"end":8777.41},{"text":"universality.","start":8777.41,"end":8778.33}]},{"text":"We urge member states that have not yet joined the protocols to do so.","start":8778.89,"end":8783.05,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8778.89,"end":8779.21},{"text":"urge","start":8779.21,"end":8779.61},{"text":"member","start":8779.61,"end":8779.93},{"text":"states","start":8779.93,"end":8780.33},{"text":"that","start":8780.33,"end":8780.49},{"text":"have","start":8780.49,"end":8780.65},{"text":"not","start":8780.65,"end":8781.13},{"text":"yet","start":8781.13,"end":8781.37},{"text":"joined","start":8781.37,"end":8781.77},{"text":"the","start":8781.77,"end":8781.85},{"text":"protocols","start":8781.85,"end":8782.41},{"text":"to","start":8782.41,"end":8782.53},{"text":"do","start":8782.53,"end":8782.73},{"text":"so.","start":8782.73,"end":8783.05}]},{"text":"The protection of civilians in armed conflict remains a central concern for the international community.","start":8783.85,"end":8789.53,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8783.85,"end":8784.01},{"text":"protection","start":8784.01,"end":8784.57},{"text":"of","start":8784.57,"end":8784.65},{"text":"civilians","start":8784.65,"end":8785.21},{"text":"in","start":8785.21,"end":8785.37},{"text":"armed","start":8785.37,"end":8785.57},{"text":"conflict","start":8785.61,"end":8786.41},{"text":"remains","start":8786.41,"end":8787.13},{"text":"a","start":8787.13,"end":8787.17},{"text":"central","start":8787.17,"end":8787.65},{"text":"concern","start":8787.65,"end":8788.17},{"text":"for","start":8788.17,"end":8788.29},{"text":"the","start":8788.29,"end":8788.37},{"text":"international","start":8788.37,"end":8788.93},{"text":"community.","start":8788.93,"end":8789.53}]},{"text":"Brazil, China, France, Jordan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, and the ICRC launched the Global Initiative to Governize Political Commitment to International Humanitarian Law.","start":8790.01,"end":8802.85,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil,","start":8790.01,"end":8790.49},{"text":"China,","start":8790.49,"end":8791.05},{"text":"France,","start":8791.05,"end":8791.53},{"text":"Jordan,","start":8791.53,"end":8792.01},{"text":"Kazakhstan,","start":8792.01,"end":8792.89},{"text":"South","start":8793.69,"end":8794.25},{"text":"Africa,","start":8794.33,"end":8794.97},{"text":"and","start":8795.05,"end":8795.53},{"text":"the","start":8796.33,"end":8796.41},{"text":"ICRC","start":8797.33,"end":8798.13},{"text":"launched","start":8798.13,"end":8798.57},{"text":"the","start":8798.57,"end":8798.65},{"text":"Global","start":8798.65,"end":8798.93},{"text":"Initiative","start":8798.93,"end":8799.41},{"text":"to","start":8799.41,"end":8799.53},{"text":"Governize","start":8799.53,"end":8800.09},{"text":"Political","start":8800.09,"end":8800.53},{"text":"Commitment","start":8800.53,"end":8801.29},{"text":"to","start":8801.29,"end":8801.37},{"text":"International","start":8801.37,"end":8801.93},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":8801.93,"end":8802.53},{"text":"Law.","start":8802.53,"end":8802.85}]},{"text":"The initiative seeks to make respect for IHL a political priority and to promote its universal, impartial, and consistent application.","start":8803.41,"end":8813.65,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8803.41,"end":8803.53},{"text":"initiative","start":8803.53,"end":8804.13},{"text":"seeks","start":8804.13,"end":8804.61},{"text":"to","start":8804.61,"end":8804.77},{"text":"make","start":8804.77,"end":8805.09},{"text":"respect","start":8805.09,"end":8805.97},{"text":"for","start":8805.97,"end":8806.29},{"text":"IHL","start":8806.29,"end":8807.49},{"text":"a","start":8807.73,"end":8807.81},{"text":"political","start":8807.81,"end":8808.29},{"text":"priority","start":8808.29,"end":8809.09},{"text":"and","start":8809.09,"end":8809.25},{"text":"to","start":8809.25,"end":8809.37},{"text":"promote","start":8809.37,"end":8809.97},{"text":"its","start":8809.97,"end":8810.21},{"text":"universal,","start":8810.21,"end":8810.93},{"text":"impartial,","start":8810.93,"end":8811.73},{"text":"and","start":8811.73,"end":8811.93},{"text":"consistent","start":8811.93,"end":8812.85},{"text":"application.","start":8812.85,"end":8813.65}]},{"text":"To date, 118 states have joined the initiative.","start":8814.13,"end":8818.05,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":8814.13,"end":8814.29},{"text":"date,","start":8814.29,"end":8814.77},{"text":"118","start":8814.85,"end":8816.21},{"text":"states","start":8816.21,"end":8816.77},{"text":"have","start":8816.77,"end":8817.01},{"text":"joined","start":8817.01,"end":8817.29},{"text":"the","start":8817.29,"end":8817.37},{"text":"initiative.","start":8817.37,"end":8818.05}]},{"text":"We encourage states to participate in the high-level conference to uphold humanity in war to be held in Jordan on 7 December 2026.","start":8818.65,"end":8828.33,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8818.65,"end":8818.69},{"text":"encourage","start":8818.69,"end":8819.29},{"text":"states","start":8819.29,"end":8819.93},{"text":"to","start":8819.93,"end":8820.05},{"text":"participate","start":8820.05,"end":8820.73},{"text":"in","start":8820.73,"end":8820.85},{"text":"the","start":8820.85,"end":8820.93},{"text":"high-level","start":8820.93,"end":8821.45},{"text":"conference","start":8821.45,"end":8822.05},{"text":"to","start":8822.05,"end":8822.17},{"text":"uphold","start":8822.17,"end":8822.69},{"text":"humanity","start":8822.69,"end":8823.37},{"text":"in","start":8823.37,"end":8823.61},{"text":"war","start":8823.61,"end":8824.01},{"text":"to","start":8824.01,"end":8824.09},{"text":"be","start":8824.41,"end":8824.57},{"text":"held","start":8824.57,"end":8824.97},{"text":"in","start":8824.97,"end":8825.09},{"text":"Jordan","start":8825.09,"end":8825.61},{"text":"on","start":8825.93,"end":8826.17},{"text":"7","start":8826.17,"end":8826.57},{"text":"December","start":8826.57,"end":8827.05},{"text":"2026.","start":8827.05,"end":8828.33}]},{"text":"Brazil is also a leading country of the Declaration for the Protection of Humanitarian Personnel and has also subscribed to the Safe Schools Declaration.","start":8828.89,"end":8838.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":8828.89,"end":8829.25},{"text":"is","start":8829.25,"end":8829.37},{"text":"also","start":8829.37,"end":8829.73},{"text":"a","start":8829.73,"end":8829.77},{"text":"leading","start":8829.77,"end":8830.17},{"text":"country","start":8830.17,"end":8830.61},{"text":"of","start":8830.61,"end":8830.73},{"text":"the","start":8830.73,"end":8830.85},{"text":"Declaration","start":8830.85,"end":8831.49},{"text":"for","start":8831.49,"end":8831.61},{"text":"the","start":8831.61,"end":8831.69},{"text":"Protection","start":8831.69,"end":8832.33},{"text":"of","start":8832.33,"end":8832.49},{"text":"Humanitarian","start":8832.49,"end":8833.25},{"text":"Personnel","start":8833.25,"end":8834.01},{"text":"and","start":8834.25,"end":8834.41},{"text":"has","start":8834.41,"end":8834.65},{"text":"also","start":8834.65,"end":8835.09},{"text":"subscribed","start":8835.09,"end":8835.69},{"text":"to","start":8835.69,"end":8835.97},{"text":"the","start":8836.65,"end":8836.93},{"text":"Safe","start":8836.93,"end":8837.29},{"text":"Schools","start":8837.29,"end":8837.73},{"text":"Declaration.","start":8837.73,"end":8838.49}]},{"text":"Both initiatives reflect our commitment to the protection of civilians, humanitarian workers, students, teachers, and educational institutions in situations of armed conflict.","start":8839.13,"end":8851.09,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Both","start":8839.13,"end":8839.53},{"text":"initiatives","start":8839.53,"end":8840.25},{"text":"reflect","start":8840.25,"end":8841.05},{"text":"our","start":8841.21,"end":8841.33},{"text":"commitment","start":8841.33,"end":8842.13},{"text":"to","start":8842.13,"end":8842.25},{"text":"the","start":8842.41,"end":8842.57},{"text":"protection","start":8842.57,"end":8843.05},{"text":"of","start":8843.05,"end":8843.13},{"text":"civilians,","start":8843.13,"end":8843.77},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8843.77,"end":8844.49},{"text":"workers,","start":8844.49,"end":8845.21},{"text":"students,","start":8845.69,"end":8846.37},{"text":"teachers,","start":8846.45,"end":8847.01},{"text":"and","start":8847.41,"end":8847.61},{"text":"educational","start":8847.61,"end":8848.37},{"text":"institutions","start":8848.37,"end":8849.37},{"text":"in","start":8849.37,"end":8849.49},{"text":"situations","start":8849.49,"end":8850.09},{"text":"of","start":8850.09,"end":8850.21},{"text":"armed","start":8850.21,"end":8850.41},{"text":"conflict.","start":8850.41,"end":8851.09}]},{"text":"The protection of civilians in armed conflicts remain a central concern for the international community.","start":8851.73,"end":8858.21,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8851.73,"end":8851.85},{"text":"protection","start":8851.85,"end":8852.37},{"text":"of","start":8852.37,"end":8852.45},{"text":"civilians","start":8852.45,"end":8852.93},{"text":"in","start":8852.93,"end":8853.09},{"text":"armed","start":8853.09,"end":8853.25},{"text":"conflicts","start":8853.25,"end":8853.73},{"text":"remain","start":8853.73,"end":8854.21},{"text":"a","start":8854.21,"end":8854.25},{"text":"central","start":8854.25,"end":8854.69},{"text":"concern","start":8854.69,"end":8855.65},{"text":"for","start":8855.89,"end":8856.53},{"text":"the","start":8856.93,"end":8857.01},{"text":"international","start":8857.01,"end":8857.61},{"text":"community.","start":8857.61,"end":8858.21}]},{"text":"And to this extent, Brazil endorses the political declaration on strengthening the protection of civilians from the humanitarian consequences arising from the use of explosive weapons in populated areas.","start":8858.77,"end":8871.01,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8858.77,"end":8859.17},{"text":"to","start":8859.17,"end":8859.41},{"text":"this","start":8859.41,"end":8859.61},{"text":"extent,","start":8859.61,"end":8860.17},{"text":"Brazil","start":8860.17,"end":8860.57},{"text":"endorses","start":8860.57,"end":8861.17},{"text":"the","start":8861.17,"end":8861.25},{"text":"political","start":8861.25,"end":8861.69},{"text":"declaration","start":8861.69,"end":8862.33},{"text":"on","start":8862.33,"end":8862.53},{"text":"strengthening","start":8862.53,"end":8863.09},{"text":"the","start":8863.09,"end":8863.17},{"text":"protection","start":8863.17,"end":8863.89},{"text":"of","start":8863.89,"end":8863.97},{"text":"civilians","start":8863.97,"end":8864.77},{"text":"from","start":8864.77,"end":8865.05},{"text":"the","start":8865.05,"end":8865.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8865.17,"end":8865.93},{"text":"consequences","start":8865.93,"end":8866.73},{"text":"arising","start":8866.73,"end":8867.41},{"text":"from","start":8867.73,"end":8868.05},{"text":"the","start":8868.05,"end":8868.17},{"text":"use","start":8868.21,"end":8868.57},{"text":"of","start":8868.57,"end":8868.69},{"text":"explosive","start":8868.69,"end":8869.33},{"text":"weapons","start":8869.33,"end":8869.85},{"text":"in","start":8869.85,"end":8869.97},{"text":"populated","start":8869.97,"end":8870.53},{"text":"areas.","start":8870.53,"end":8871.01}]},{"text":"We also continue to support initiatives aimed at reducing civilian harm in contemporary armed conflicts.","start":8871.53,"end":8878.01,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8871.53,"end":8871.61},{"text":"also","start":8871.61,"end":8871.93},{"text":"continue","start":8871.93,"end":8872.57},{"text":"to","start":8872.57,"end":8872.73},{"text":"support","start":8872.73,"end":8873.13},{"text":"initiatives","start":8873.13,"end":8873.77},{"text":"aimed","start":8873.77,"end":8874.17},{"text":"at","start":8874.17,"end":8874.41},{"text":"reducing","start":8874.41,"end":8874.97},{"text":"civilian","start":8874.97,"end":8875.53},{"text":"harm","start":8875.53,"end":8875.93},{"text":"in","start":8876.25,"end":8876.41},{"text":"contemporary","start":8876.41,"end":8877.05},{"text":"armed","start":8877.05,"end":8877.21},{"text":"conflicts.","start":8877.21,"end":8878.01}]},{"text":"Respect for international humanitarian law was a cross-cutting priority during Brazil's most recent term on the Security Council.","start":8878.65,"end":8886.09,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Respect","start":8878.65,"end":8879.25},{"text":"for","start":8879.25,"end":8879.41},{"text":"international","start":8879.41,"end":8879.97},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8879.97,"end":8880.65},{"text":"law","start":8880.65,"end":8881.05},{"text":"was","start":8881.05,"end":8881.33},{"text":"a","start":8881.33,"end":8881.37},{"text":"cross-cutting","start":8881.37,"end":8882.17},{"text":"priority","start":8882.17,"end":8882.89},{"text":"during","start":8882.89,"end":8883.17},{"text":"Brazil's","start":8883.17,"end":8883.77},{"text":"most","start":8883.77,"end":8884.09},{"text":"recent","start":8884.09,"end":8884.53},{"text":"term","start":8884.53,"end":8884.89},{"text":"on","start":8884.89,"end":8885.05},{"text":"the","start":8885.05,"end":8885.13},{"text":"Security","start":8885.13,"end":8885.53},{"text":"Council.","start":8885.53,"end":8886.09}]},{"text":"Humanitarian considerations must guide the design and implementation of sanctions regime And Brazil has actively supported the adoption of the Security Council Resolution 2664 of 2022, which established a standing humanitarian exemption across UN sanctions regimes.","start":8886.65,"end":8906.25,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8906.73,"end":8906.97},{"text":"were","start":8906.97,"end":8907.21},{"text":"also","start":8907.21,"end":8907.61},{"text":"co-pet","start":8907.61,"end":8908.17},{"text":"holders,","start":8908.17,"end":8908.89},{"text":"together","start":8908.89,"end":8909.33},{"text":"with","start":8909.33,"end":8909.45},{"text":"Switzerland,","start":8909.45,"end":8910.25},{"text":"of","start":8910.57,"end":8910.73},{"text":"the","start":8910.73,"end":8910.85},{"text":"Syrian","start":8910.85,"end":8911.29},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8911.29,"end":8912.01},{"text":"file.","start":8912.01,"end":8912.49}]},{"text":"At the end of its 2022-2023 mandate, Brazil proposed the first draft of a Security Council resolution on the protection of humanitarian personnel and UN personnel and premises, which Switzerland ably steered and approved as a Security Council resolution.","start":8913.05,"end":8930.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8913.05,"end":8913.17},{"text":"the","start":8913.17,"end":8913.25},{"text":"end","start":8913.25,"end":8913.53},{"text":"of","start":8913.53,"end":8913.61},{"text":"its","start":8913.61,"end":8913.85},{"text":"2022-2023","start":8913.85,"end":8915.85},{"text":"mandate,","start":8915.85,"end":8916.57},{"text":"Brazil","start":8916.57,"end":8916.89},{"text":"proposed","start":8916.89,"end":8917.41},{"text":"the","start":8917.41,"end":8917.49},{"text":"first","start":8917.49,"end":8918.17},{"text":"draft","start":8918.17,"end":8918.69},{"text":"of","start":8918.69,"end":8918.81},{"text":"a","start":8918.81,"end":8918.85},{"text":"Security","start":8918.85,"end":8919.33},{"text":"Council","start":8919.33,"end":8919.69},{"text":"resolution","start":8919.69,"end":8920.49},{"text":"on","start":8920.77,"end":8920.89},{"text":"the","start":8920.89,"end":8920.97},{"text":"protection","start":8920.97,"end":8921.57},{"text":"of","start":8921.57,"end":8921.65},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8921.65,"end":8922.33},{"text":"personnel","start":8922.33,"end":8923.05},{"text":"and","start":8923.05,"end":8923.25},{"text":"UN","start":8923.25,"end":8923.69},{"text":"personnel","start":8924.01,"end":8924.49},{"text":"and","start":8924.49,"end":8924.65},{"text":"premises,","start":8924.65,"end":8925.29},{"text":"which","start":8925.53,"end":8925.77},{"text":"Switzerland","start":8925.77,"end":8926.57},{"text":"ably","start":8926.65,"end":8927.21},{"text":"steered","start":8927.21,"end":8927.85},{"text":"and","start":8927.85,"end":8928.05},{"text":"approved","start":8928.05,"end":8928.65},{"text":"as","start":8928.65,"end":8928.93},{"text":"a","start":8928.93,"end":8928.97},{"text":"Security","start":8928.97,"end":8929.45},{"text":"Council","start":8929.45,"end":8929.77},{"text":"resolution.","start":8929.77,"end":8930.49}]},{"text":"All this reflects our longstanding commitment to ensure safe and unimpeded humanitarian action.","start":8931.01,"end":8937.21,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":8931.01,"end":8931.29},{"text":"this","start":8931.29,"end":8931.61},{"text":"reflects","start":8931.61,"end":8932.41},{"text":"our","start":8932.41,"end":8932.73},{"text":"longstanding","start":8932.73,"end":8933.33},{"text":"commitment","start":8933.33,"end":8933.89},{"text":"to","start":8933.89,"end":8933.97},{"text":"ensure","start":8933.97,"end":8934.33},{"text":"safe","start":8934.33,"end":8934.81},{"text":"and","start":8935.29,"end":8935.53},{"text":"unimpeded","start":8935.53,"end":8936.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8936.13,"end":8936.81},{"text":"action.","start":8936.81,"end":8937.21}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Brazil has continued to strengthen its domestic framework for the implementation of international humanitarian law.","start":8938.53,"end":8946.61,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":8938.53,"end":8938.81},{"text":"Chair,","start":8938.81,"end":8939.21},{"text":"Brazil","start":8939.45,"end":8940.65},{"text":"has","start":8941.05,"end":8941.29},{"text":"continued","start":8941.29,"end":8941.85},{"text":"to","start":8941.85,"end":8942.01},{"text":"strengthen","start":8942.01,"end":8942.65},{"text":"its","start":8942.65,"end":8942.97},{"text":"domestic","start":8942.97,"end":8943.69},{"text":"framework","start":8943.69,"end":8944.17},{"text":"for","start":8944.17,"end":8944.29},{"text":"the","start":8944.29,"end":8944.37},{"text":"implementation","start":8944.37,"end":8945.05},{"text":"of","start":8945.05,"end":8945.13},{"text":"international","start":8945.13,"end":8945.69},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8945.69,"end":8946.33},{"text":"law.","start":8946.33,"end":8946.61}]},{"text":"The National Commission on the Implementation and Dissemination of IHL resumed its activities in 2023.","start":8947.05,"end":8954.01,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8947.05,"end":8947.17},{"text":"National","start":8947.17,"end":8947.61},{"text":"Commission","start":8947.61,"end":8948.41},{"text":"on","start":8948.41,"end":8948.49},{"text":"the","start":8948.49,"end":8948.57},{"text":"Implementation","start":8948.57,"end":8949.29},{"text":"and","start":8949.29,"end":8949.41},{"text":"Dissemination","start":8949.41,"end":8950.01},{"text":"of","start":8950.01,"end":8950.17},{"text":"IHL","start":8950.17,"end":8950.97},{"text":"resumed","start":8951.29,"end":8952.05},{"text":"its","start":8952.05,"end":8952.21},{"text":"activities","start":8952.21,"end":8952.81},{"text":"in","start":8952.81,"end":8952.97},{"text":"2023.","start":8952.97,"end":8954.01}]},{"text":"The Commission brings together relevant government institutions and benefits from the valuable participation of the ICRC as an observer.","start":8954.41,"end":8965.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8954.41,"end":8954.53},{"text":"Commission","start":8954.53,"end":8954.97},{"text":"brings","start":8954.97,"end":8955.29},{"text":"together","start":8955.29,"end":8956.13},{"text":"relevant","start":8956.13,"end":8956.81},{"text":"government","start":8956.81,"end":8957.37},{"text":"institutions","start":8957.37,"end":8958.05},{"text":"and","start":8958.05,"end":8958.21},{"text":"benefits","start":8958.21,"end":8958.85},{"text":"from","start":8958.85,"end":8959.05},{"text":"the","start":8959.05,"end":8959.13},{"text":"valuable","start":8960.25,"end":8960.73},{"text":"participation","start":8960.73,"end":8961.77},{"text":"of","start":8962.33,"end":8962.49},{"text":"the","start":8962.49,"end":8962.61},{"text":"ICRC","start":8962.65,"end":8964.49},{"text":"as","start":8964.49,"end":8964.81},{"text":"an","start":8964.81,"end":8964.89},{"text":"observer.","start":8964.89,"end":8965.45}]},{"text":"Among its priorities is the advancement of the national implementation of the Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict.","start":8965.77,"end":8975.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Among","start":8965.77,"end":8966.17},{"text":"its","start":8966.17,"end":8966.33},{"text":"priorities","start":8966.33,"end":8967.05},{"text":"is","start":8967.05,"end":8967.29},{"text":"the","start":8967.33,"end":8967.41},{"text":"advancement","start":8967.41,"end":8968.41},{"text":"of","start":8968.41,"end":8968.57},{"text":"the","start":8968.57,"end":8968.69},{"text":"national","start":8968.69,"end":8969.13},{"text":"implementation","start":8969.13,"end":8969.89},{"text":"of","start":8969.89,"end":8970.01},{"text":"the","start":8970.01,"end":8970.09},{"text":"Convention","start":8970.09,"end":8970.57},{"text":"for","start":8970.57,"end":8970.69},{"text":"the","start":8970.69,"end":8970.77},{"text":"Protection","start":8970.77,"end":8971.33},{"text":"of","start":8971.33,"end":8971.45},{"text":"Cultural","start":8971.45,"end":8971.93},{"text":"Property","start":8971.93,"end":8972.73},{"text":"in","start":8973.05,"end":8973.29},{"text":"the","start":8973.29,"end":8973.37},{"text":"Event","start":8973.37,"end":8973.93},{"text":"of","start":8973.93,"end":8974.17},{"text":"Armed","start":8974.17,"end":8974.49},{"text":"Conflict.","start":8974.49,"end":8975.13}]},{"text":"Brazil continues to promote dissemination of international humanitarian law in diplomatic, academic, and military institutions.","start":8975.69,"end":8983.05,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":8975.69,"end":8976.05},{"text":"continues","start":8976.05,"end":8976.57},{"text":"to","start":8976.57,"end":8976.73},{"text":"promote","start":8976.73,"end":8977.17},{"text":"dissemination","start":8977.17,"end":8977.81},{"text":"of","start":8977.81,"end":8977.93},{"text":"international","start":8977.93,"end":8978.45},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8978.45,"end":8979.09},{"text":"law","start":8979.09,"end":8979.45},{"text":"in","start":8979.77,"end":8979.93},{"text":"diplomatic,","start":8979.93,"end":8980.73},{"text":"academic,","start":8980.81,"end":8981.53},{"text":"and","start":8981.53,"end":8981.73},{"text":"military","start":8981.73,"end":8982.21},{"text":"institutions.","start":8982.21,"end":8983.05}]},{"text":"The Brazilian armed forces incorporate international humanitarian law into training and operational doctrine at all levels.","start":8983.45,"end":8990.81,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8983.45,"end":8983.57},{"text":"Brazilian","start":8983.57,"end":8984.09},{"text":"armed","start":8984.09,"end":8984.33},{"text":"forces","start":8984.33,"end":8984.89},{"text":"incorporate","start":8984.89,"end":8985.57},{"text":"international","start":8985.57,"end":8986.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":8986.13,"end":8986.73},{"text":"law","start":8986.73,"end":8986.89},{"text":"into","start":8986.89,"end":8987.21},{"text":"training","start":8987.21,"end":8987.65},{"text":"and","start":8987.65,"end":8987.77},{"text":"operational","start":8987.77,"end":8988.57},{"text":"doctrine","start":8988.89,"end":8989.53},{"text":"at","start":8989.53,"end":8989.77},{"text":"all","start":8989.77,"end":8990.21},{"text":"levels.","start":8990.21,"end":8990.81}]},{"text":"including the preparation of personnel deployed to UN peace operations.","start":8991.25,"end":8996.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"including","start":8991.25,"end":8991.81},{"text":"the","start":8991.81,"end":8991.89},{"text":"preparation","start":8991.89,"end":8992.69},{"text":"of","start":8992.69,"end":8992.93},{"text":"personnel","start":8992.93,"end":8993.41},{"text":"deployed","start":8993.41,"end":8994.13},{"text":"to","start":8994.37,"end":8994.57},{"text":"UN","start":8994.57,"end":8995.01},{"text":"peace","start":8995.01,"end":8995.33},{"text":"operations.","start":8995.33,"end":8996.13}]},{"text":"In the context of the 34th International Conference of the Red Cross and the Red Crescent, Brazil further submitted voluntary pledges aimed at strengthening national implementation of IHL, fostering regional cooperation among national commissions and equivalent bodies.","start":8996.69,"end":9017.17,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8996.69,"end":8996.85},{"text":"the","start":8996.85,"end":8996.97},{"text":"context","start":8996.97,"end":8997.53},{"text":"of","start":8997.53,"end":8997.65},{"text":"the","start":8997.65,"end":8997.93},{"text":"34th","start":8998.13,"end":8998.93},{"text":"International","start":8998.93,"end":8999.57},{"text":"Conference","start":8999.57,"end":9000.13},{"text":"of","start":9000.13,"end":9000.21},{"text":"the","start":9000.21,"end":9000.33},{"text":"Red","start":9000.33,"end":9000.61},{"text":"Cross","start":9000.61,"end":9001.05},{"text":"and","start":9001.05,"end":9001.17},{"text":"the","start":9001.17,"end":9001.25},{"text":"Red","start":9001.25,"end":9001.57},{"text":"Crescent,","start":9001.89,"end":9002.53},{"text":"Brazil","start":9002.85,"end":9003.25},{"text":"further","start":9003.25,"end":9003.77},{"text":"submitted","start":9003.77,"end":9004.37},{"text":"voluntary","start":9004.37,"end":9005.05},{"text":"pledges","start":9005.05,"end":9005.73},{"text":"aimed","start":9005.73,"end":9006.21},{"text":"at","start":9006.21,"end":9006.45},{"text":"strengthening","start":9006.45,"end":9007.09},{"text":"national","start":9007.09,"end":9007.81},{"text":"implementation","start":9008.13,"end":9008.89},{"text":"of","start":9008.89,"end":9009.01},{"text":"IHL,","start":9009.01,"end":9009.73},{"text":"fostering","start":9009.97,"end":9010.61},{"text":"regional","start":9010.61,"end":9011.57},{"text":"cooperation","start":9011.81,"end":9012.45},{"text":"among","start":9012.45,"end":9012.65},{"text":"national","start":9012.65,"end":9013.25},{"text":"commissions","start":9013.65,"end":9015.09},{"text":"and","start":9015.09,"end":9015.41},{"text":"equivalent","start":9015.97,"end":9016.65},{"text":"bodies.","start":9016.65,"end":9017.17}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the international community continues to witness widespread suffering in armed conflicts around the world, with collective punishment of civilians on the rise in most armed conflicts.","start":9017.85,"end":9030.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9017.85,"end":9018.17},{"text":"Chair,","start":9018.17,"end":9018.57},{"text":"the","start":9018.73,"end":9018.93},{"text":"international","start":9018.93,"end":9019.53},{"text":"community","start":9019.53,"end":9020.01},{"text":"continues","start":9020.01,"end":9020.65},{"text":"to","start":9020.65,"end":9020.77},{"text":"witness","start":9020.77,"end":9021.29},{"text":"widespread","start":9021.29,"end":9022.01},{"text":"suffering","start":9022.01,"end":9022.57},{"text":"in","start":9022.57,"end":9022.73},{"text":"armed","start":9022.73,"end":9023.05},{"text":"conflicts","start":9023.05,"end":9023.53},{"text":"around","start":9023.53,"end":9023.81},{"text":"the","start":9023.81,"end":9023.89},{"text":"world,","start":9023.89,"end":9024.33},{"text":"with","start":9024.65,"end":9024.93},{"text":"collective","start":9024.93,"end":9025.77},{"text":"punishment","start":9026.33,"end":9026.93},{"text":"of","start":9026.93,"end":9027.05},{"text":"civilians","start":9027.05,"end":9027.57},{"text":"on","start":9027.57,"end":9027.69},{"text":"the","start":9027.69,"end":9027.77},{"text":"rise","start":9027.77,"end":9028.33},{"text":"in","start":9028.57,"end":9028.81},{"text":"most","start":9028.81,"end":9029.45},{"text":"armed","start":9029.45,"end":9029.69},{"text":"conflicts.","start":9029.69,"end":9030.49}]},{"text":"The increasing toll on civilians, humanitarian personnel, and civilian infrastructure underscores the enduring criticality of IHL and the urgent need for its full respect by all parties to armed conflict.","start":9031.13,"end":9045.93,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9031.13,"end":9031.17},{"text":"increasing","start":9031.17,"end":9031.93},{"text":"toll","start":9031.93,"end":9032.29},{"text":"on","start":9032.29,"end":9032.41},{"text":"civilians,","start":9032.41,"end":9033.17},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9033.17,"end":9033.81},{"text":"personnel,","start":9033.81,"end":9034.33},{"text":"and","start":9034.33,"end":9034.45},{"text":"civilian","start":9034.45,"end":9034.89},{"text":"infrastructure","start":9034.89,"end":9035.65},{"text":"underscores","start":9035.65,"end":9036.57},{"text":"the","start":9036.81,"end":9036.93},{"text":"enduring","start":9036.93,"end":9037.53},{"text":"criticality","start":9037.53,"end":9038.57},{"text":"of","start":9038.57,"end":9038.81},{"text":"IHL","start":9038.81,"end":9039.53},{"text":"and","start":9039.69,"end":9039.89},{"text":"the","start":9039.89,"end":9039.97},{"text":"urgent","start":9040.05,"end":9040.61},{"text":"need","start":9040.61,"end":9041.05},{"text":"for","start":9041.29,"end":9041.45},{"text":"its","start":9041.45,"end":9041.69},{"text":"full","start":9041.69,"end":9042.09},{"text":"respect","start":9042.65,"end":9043.69},{"text":"by","start":9043.69,"end":9043.93},{"text":"all","start":9043.93,"end":9044.25},{"text":"parties","start":9044.41,"end":9044.97},{"text":"to","start":9044.97,"end":9045.05},{"text":"armed","start":9045.05,"end":9045.29},{"text":"conflict.","start":9045.29,"end":9045.93}]},{"text":"We encourage all states to engage constructively in efforts aimed at strengthening respect for international humanitarian law and reaffirming the protective purpose of the Geneva Conventions.","start":9046.09,"end":9058.73,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9046.09,"end":9046.21},{"text":"encourage","start":9046.21,"end":9046.97},{"text":"all","start":9047.13,"end":9047.37},{"text":"states","start":9047.37,"end":9047.85},{"text":"to","start":9047.85,"end":9047.97},{"text":"engage","start":9047.97,"end":9048.29},{"text":"constructively","start":9048.29,"end":9049.21},{"text":"in","start":9049.45,"end":9049.69},{"text":"efforts","start":9049.69,"end":9050.25},{"text":"aimed","start":9050.25,"end":9050.57},{"text":"at","start":9050.57,"end":9050.73},{"text":"strengthening","start":9050.73,"end":9051.37},{"text":"respect","start":9051.37,"end":9051.85},{"text":"for","start":9051.85,"end":9052.01},{"text":"international","start":9052.13,"end":9052.73},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9052.73,"end":9053.33},{"text":"law","start":9053.33,"end":9053.61},{"text":"and","start":9054.09,"end":9054.41},{"text":"reaffirming","start":9054.41,"end":9055.09},{"text":"the","start":9055.09,"end":9055.21},{"text":"protective","start":9055.21,"end":9056.65},{"text":"purpose","start":9056.65,"end":9057.05},{"text":"of","start":9057.05,"end":9057.13},{"text":"the","start":9057.13,"end":9057.33},{"text":"Geneva","start":9057.53,"end":9057.93},{"text":"Conventions.","start":9057.93,"end":9058.73}]},{"text":"As we celebrate the 30th anniversary of the children and armed conflict agenda, we further welcome the priority given by the Greek presidency of the Security Council to the topic.","start":9059.33,"end":9070.29,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9059.33,"end":9059.37},{"text":"we","start":9059.37,"end":9059.49},{"text":"celebrate","start":9059.49,"end":9060.13},{"text":"the","start":9060.13,"end":9060.25},{"text":"30th","start":9060.25,"end":9060.73},{"text":"anniversary","start":9060.73,"end":9061.37},{"text":"of","start":9061.37,"end":9061.49},{"text":"the","start":9061.49,"end":9061.57},{"text":"children","start":9061.57,"end":9062.01},{"text":"and","start":9062.01,"end":9062.13},{"text":"armed","start":9062.13,"end":9062.29},{"text":"conflict","start":9062.29,"end":9062.69},{"text":"agenda,","start":9062.69,"end":9063.25},{"text":"we","start":9063.65,"end":9063.81},{"text":"further","start":9063.81,"end":9064.33},{"text":"welcome","start":9064.45,"end":9065.09},{"text":"the","start":9065.09,"end":9065.17},{"text":"priority","start":9065.17,"end":9065.81},{"text":"given","start":9066.05,"end":9066.53},{"text":"by","start":9066.53,"end":9066.69},{"text":"the","start":9066.69,"end":9066.77},{"text":"Greek","start":9066.77,"end":9067.01},{"text":"presidency","start":9067.01,"end":9067.89},{"text":"of","start":9067.97,"end":9068.13},{"text":"the","start":9068.13,"end":9068.33},{"text":"Security","start":9068.33,"end":9069.21},{"text":"Council","start":9069.21,"end":9069.57},{"text":"to","start":9069.57,"end":9069.69},{"text":"the","start":9069.69,"end":9069.77},{"text":"topic.","start":9069.77,"end":9070.29}]},{"text":"It is deeply concerning that the number of children killed in armed conflict continues to rise.","start":9070.53,"end":9076.45,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9070.53,"end":9070.61},{"text":"is","start":9070.61,"end":9070.77},{"text":"deeply","start":9070.77,"end":9071.17},{"text":"concerning","start":9071.17,"end":9071.89},{"text":"that","start":9071.89,"end":9072.01},{"text":"the","start":9072.01,"end":9072.09},{"text":"number","start":9072.09,"end":9072.53},{"text":"of","start":9072.53,"end":9072.61},{"text":"children","start":9072.61,"end":9073.13},{"text":"killed","start":9073.13,"end":9073.57},{"text":"in","start":9073.57,"end":9073.97},{"text":"armed","start":9073.97,"end":9074.21},{"text":"conflict","start":9074.21,"end":9074.85},{"text":"continues","start":9075.17,"end":9075.81},{"text":"to","start":9075.81,"end":9075.93},{"text":"rise.","start":9075.93,"end":9076.45}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, IHL remains one of the foundations of an international order based on international law and the UN Charter.","start":9077.17,"end":9085.77,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. 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The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Preserving","start":9086.45,"end":9087.05},{"text":"its","start":9087.05,"end":9087.53},{"text":"integrity","start":9087.53,"end":9088.17},{"text":"and","start":9088.17,"end":9088.29},{"text":"ensuring","start":9088.29,"end":9088.89},{"text":"respect","start":9088.89,"end":9089.37},{"text":"for","start":9089.37,"end":9089.57},{"text":"its","start":9089.57,"end":9089.77},{"text":"norms","start":9089.77,"end":9090.25},{"text":"are","start":9090.49,"end":9090.65},{"text":"shared","start":9090.65,"end":9091.05},{"text":"responsibilities","start":9091.05,"end":9092.09},{"text":"of","start":9092.09,"end":9092.33},{"text":"all","start":9092.41,"end":9092.73},{"text":"states.","start":9092.73,"end":9093.37}]},{"text":"Most importantly, upholding international humanitarian law is also about honoring our shared humanity when it is put to the test under the most challenging of circumstances.","start":9093.45,"end":9105.53,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Most","start":9093.45,"end":9093.81},{"text":"importantly,","start":9093.81,"end":9094.65},{"text":"upholding","start":9094.97,"end":9095.49},{"text":"international","start":9095.49,"end":9096.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9096.13,"end":9096.77},{"text":"law","start":9096.77,"end":9097.13},{"text":"is","start":9097.53,"end":9097.77},{"text":"also","start":9097.77,"end":9098.33},{"text":"about","start":9098.33,"end":9098.81},{"text":"honoring","start":9098.81,"end":9099.37},{"text":"our","start":9099.37,"end":9099.53},{"text":"shared","start":9099.53,"end":9100.01},{"text":"humanity","start":9100.01,"end":9100.65},{"text":"when","start":9100.93,"end":9101.29},{"text":"it","start":9101.29,"end":9101.45},{"text":"is","start":9101.45,"end":9101.77},{"text":"put","start":9102.17,"end":9102.45},{"text":"to","start":9102.45,"end":9102.53},{"text":"the","start":9102.57,"end":9102.65},{"text":"test","start":9102.65,"end":9103.21},{"text":"under","start":9103.21,"end":9103.45},{"text":"the","start":9103.45,"end":9103.57},{"text":"most","start":9103.57,"end":9103.89},{"text":"challenging","start":9103.89,"end":9104.45},{"text":"of","start":9104.45,"end":9104.57},{"text":"circumstances.","start":9104.57,"end":9105.53}]},{"text":"The international community is not short of legal frameworks to guide all parties to armed conflict.","start":9105.93,"end":9112.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9105.93,"end":9106.05},{"text":"international","start":9106.05,"end":9106.61},{"text":"community","start":9106.61,"end":9107.17},{"text":"is","start":9107.17,"end":9107.37},{"text":"not","start":9107.37,"end":9107.77},{"text":"short","start":9107.77,"end":9108.41},{"text":"of","start":9108.57,"end":9108.73},{"text":"legal","start":9108.73,"end":9109.05},{"text":"frameworks","start":9109.05,"end":9109.85},{"text":"to","start":9110.09,"end":9110.25},{"text":"guide","start":9110.25,"end":9110.73},{"text":"all","start":9110.73,"end":9110.89},{"text":"parties","start":9110.89,"end":9111.37},{"text":"to","start":9111.37,"end":9111.49},{"text":"armed","start":9111.49,"end":9111.69},{"text":"conflict.","start":9111.69,"end":9112.33}]},{"text":"There is no legal vacuum.","start":9112.57,"end":9114.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":9112.57,"end":9112.77},{"text":"is","start":9112.77,"end":9112.89},{"text":"no","start":9112.89,"end":9113.29},{"text":"legal","start":9113.29,"end":9113.93},{"text":"vacuum.","start":9113.93,"end":9114.49}]},{"text":"The norms are already there, including humanitarian rules and legal principles of distinction, proportionality and precaution.","start":9115.49,"end":9123.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9115.49,"end":9115.53},{"text":"norms","start":9115.53,"end":9115.97},{"text":"are","start":9115.97,"end":9116.09},{"text":"already","start":9116.09,"end":9116.61},{"text":"there,","start":9116.61,"end":9116.89},{"text":"including","start":9117.29,"end":9117.89},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9117.89,"end":9118.65},{"text":"rules","start":9118.65,"end":9119.05},{"text":"and","start":9119.05,"end":9119.17},{"text":"legal","start":9119.17,"end":9119.37},{"text":"principles","start":9119.37,"end":9119.93},{"text":"of","start":9119.93,"end":9120.09},{"text":"distinction,","start":9120.09,"end":9120.89},{"text":"proportionality","start":9120.89,"end":9122.01},{"text":"and","start":9122.09,"end":9122.25},{"text":"precaution.","start":9122.25,"end":9123.05}]},{"text":"The gap we face is not one of law, but one of implementation.","start":9123.53,"end":9128.25,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9123.53,"end":9123.73},{"text":"gap","start":9123.77,"end":9124.25},{"text":"we","start":9124.25,"end":9124.45},{"text":"face","start":9124.45,"end":9124.97},{"text":"is","start":9124.97,"end":9125.21},{"text":"not","start":9125.21,"end":9125.53},{"text":"one","start":9125.53,"end":9125.73},{"text":"of","start":9125.73,"end":9125.85},{"text":"law,","start":9125.85,"end":9126.33},{"text":"but","start":9126.73,"end":9127.05},{"text":"one","start":9127.05,"end":9127.29},{"text":"of","start":9127.29,"end":9127.37},{"text":"implementation.","start":9127.37,"end":9128.25}]},{"text":"We must now move from promises to action, words to practice, ideals to reality.","start":9128.65,"end":9135.21,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9128.65,"end":9128.81},{"text":"must","start":9128.81,"end":9129.13},{"text":"now","start":9129.13,"end":9129.45},{"text":"move","start":9129.45,"end":9129.81},{"text":"from","start":9129.81,"end":9130.01},{"text":"promises","start":9130.01,"end":9130.49},{"text":"to","start":9130.49,"end":9130.65},{"text":"action,","start":9130.65,"end":9131.21},{"text":"words","start":9131.85,"end":9132.29},{"text":"to","start":9132.29,"end":9132.45},{"text":"practice,","start":9132.45,"end":9133.21},{"text":"ideals","start":9133.37,"end":9134.25},{"text":"to","start":9134.25,"end":9134.45},{"text":"reality.","start":9134.45,"end":9135.21}]},{"text":"Thank you so 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Greece.","start":9137.53,"end":9143.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9137.53,"end":9137.69},{"text":"thank","start":9137.69,"end":9137.93},{"text":"the","start":9137.93,"end":9138.01},{"text":"distinguished","start":9138.01,"end":9138.65},{"text":"representative","start":9138.65,"end":9139.37},{"text":"of","start":9139.37,"end":9139.45},{"text":"Brazil","start":9139.45,"end":9140.01},{"text":"for","start":9140.01,"end":9140.25},{"text":"his","start":9140.25,"end":9140.41},{"text":"statement,","start":9140.41,"end":9141.01},{"text":"and","start":9141.01,"end":9141.17},{"text":"I","start":9141.17,"end":9141.21},{"text":"give","start":9141.21,"end":9141.33},{"text":"the","start":9141.33,"end":9141.41},{"text":"floor","start":9141.45,"end":9141.69},{"text":"to","start":9141.69,"end":9141.77},{"text":"the","start":9141.85,"end":9141.93},{"text":"distinguished","start":9141.93,"end":9142.53},{"text":"representative","start":9142.53,"end":9143.45},{"text":"of","start":9143.45,"end":9143.53},{"text":"Greece.","start":9143.53,"end":9143.93}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":60,"start":9147.65,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:32:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":9147.65,"end":9148.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9147.65,"end":9147.93},{"text":"you,","start":9147.93,"end":9148.01},{"text":"Madam","start":9148.01,"end":9148.29},{"text":"Chair.","start":9148.29,"end":9148.69}]},{"text":"Greece fully aligns itself with the statement made by the European Union and its member states and would like to add the following in its national 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wishes to thank the Secretary General for the comprehensive report contained in document A/81/219.","start":9160.05,"end":9167.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":9160.05,"end":9160.45},{"text":"wishes","start":9160.45,"end":9160.89},{"text":"to","start":9160.89,"end":9161.01},{"text":"thank","start":9161.01,"end":9161.25},{"text":"the","start":9161.25,"end":9161.33},{"text":"Secretary","start":9161.33,"end":9161.73},{"text":"General","start":9161.73,"end":9162.21},{"text":"for","start":9162.29,"end":9162.53},{"text":"the","start":9162.53,"end":9162.61},{"text":"comprehensive","start":9162.61,"end":9163.25},{"text":"report","start":9163.25,"end":9163.89},{"text":"contained","start":9163.97,"end":9164.61},{"text":"in","start":9164.61,"end":9164.73},{"text":"document","start":9164.73,"end":9165.17},{"text":"A/81/219.","start":9165.17,"end":9167.73}]},{"text":"The report, which was drafted pursuant to General Assembly resolution 79/123, contains valuable information about the relevant state and ICRC 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a staunch supporter of the international humanitarian law, remains firmly committed to its implementation, to efforts to strengthen compliance with its provisions, and to the protection of civilians in situations of armed conflict.","start":9180.53,"end":9194.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece,","start":9180.53,"end":9181.01},{"text":"a","start":9181.41,"end":9181.45},{"text":"staunch","start":9181.45,"end":9181.85},{"text":"supporter","start":9181.85,"end":9182.45},{"text":"of","start":9182.45,"end":9182.53},{"text":"the","start":9182.53,"end":9182.61},{"text":"international","start":9182.61,"end":9183.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9183.13,"end":9183.69},{"text":"law,","start":9183.69,"end":9183.77},{"text":"remains","start":9184.45,"end":9184.85},{"text":"firmly","start":9184.85,"end":9185.25},{"text":"committed","start":9185.25,"end":9185.65},{"text":"to","start":9185.65,"end":9185.73},{"text":"its","start":9185.73,"end":9185.85},{"text":"implementation,","start":9185.85,"end":9186.85},{"text":"to","start":9187.49,"end":9187.65},{"text":"efforts","start":9187.65,"end":9188.09},{"text":"to","start":9188.09,"end":9188.17},{"text":"strengthen","start":9188.21,"end":9188.61},{"text":"compliance","start":9188.61,"end":9189.41},{"text":"with","start":9189.49,"end":9189.73},{"text":"its","start":9189.73,"end":9189.89},{"text":"provisions,","start":9189.89,"end":9190.69},{"text":"and","start":9191.17,"end":9191.29},{"text":"to","start":9191.29,"end":9191.37},{"text":"the","start":9191.37,"end":9191.45},{"text":"protection","start":9191.45,"end":9191.89},{"text":"of","start":9191.89,"end":9191.97},{"text":"civilians","start":9191.97,"end":9192.61},{"text":"in","start":9192.61,"end":9192.69},{"text":"situations","start":9192.69,"end":9193.25},{"text":"of","start":9193.25,"end":9193.41},{"text":"armed","start":9193.41,"end":9193.57},{"text":"conflict.","start":9193.57,"end":9194.13}]},{"text":"Greece has undertaken a number of measures to strengthen the existing body of international humanitarian law at the domestic level and participates at the international level in efforts aiming at its effective implementation.","start":9195.81,"end":9208.65,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":9195.81,"end":9196.25},{"text":"has","start":9196.25,"end":9196.41},{"text":"undertaken","start":9196.41,"end":9197.37},{"text":"a","start":9197.37,"end":9197.41},{"text":"number","start":9197.41,"end":9197.73},{"text":"of","start":9197.73,"end":9197.85},{"text":"measures","start":9197.85,"end":9198.33},{"text":"to","start":9198.33,"end":9198.41},{"text":"strengthen","start":9198.41,"end":9198.89},{"text":"the","start":9198.89,"end":9199.01},{"text":"existing","start":9199.01,"end":9199.37},{"text":"body","start":9199.37,"end":9199.57},{"text":"of","start":9199.57,"end":9199.65},{"text":"international","start":9199.65,"end":9200.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9200.13,"end":9200.65},{"text":"law","start":9200.65,"end":9201.05},{"text":"at","start":9201.29,"end":9201.37},{"text":"the","start":9201.37,"end":9201.49},{"text":"domestic","start":9201.49,"end":9201.85},{"text":"level","start":9201.85,"end":9202.25},{"text":"and","start":9202.97,"end":9203.17},{"text":"participates","start":9203.17,"end":9204.09},{"text":"at","start":9204.17,"end":9204.25},{"text":"the","start":9204.25,"end":9204.33},{"text":"international","start":9204.33,"end":9204.93},{"text":"level","start":9204.93,"end":9205.33},{"text":"in","start":9205.69,"end":9205.85},{"text":"efforts","start":9205.85,"end":9206.33},{"text":"aiming","start":9206.49,"end":9206.97},{"text":"at","start":9207.05,"end":9207.21},{"text":"its","start":9207.21,"end":9207.37},{"text":"effective","start":9207.37,"end":9207.85},{"text":"implementation.","start":9207.85,"end":9208.65}]},{"text":"These are contained in the information provided by Greece on its relevant activities during this reporting period and are included in the report to the Secretary-General.","start":9210.41,"end":9220.17,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":9210.41,"end":9210.69},{"text":"are","start":9210.69,"end":9210.77},{"text":"contained","start":9210.77,"end":9211.29},{"text":"in","start":9211.29,"end":9211.37},{"text":"the","start":9211.37,"end":9211.45},{"text":"information","start":9211.45,"end":9212.09},{"text":"provided","start":9212.09,"end":9212.53},{"text":"by","start":9212.53,"end":9212.73},{"text":"Greece","start":9212.73,"end":9213.29},{"text":"on","start":9213.37,"end":9213.49},{"text":"its","start":9213.49,"end":9213.69},{"text":"relevant","start":9213.69,"end":9214.05},{"text":"activities","start":9214.05,"end":9214.81},{"text":"during","start":9214.89,"end":9215.29},{"text":"this","start":9215.29,"end":9215.73},{"text":"reporting","start":9215.73,"end":9216.17},{"text":"period","start":9216.17,"end":9216.73},{"text":"and","start":9217.73,"end":9217.93},{"text":"are","start":9217.93,"end":9218.01},{"text":"included","start":9218.01,"end":9218.65},{"text":"in","start":9218.73,"end":9218.85},{"text":"the","start":9218.85,"end":9218.93},{"text":"report","start":9218.93,"end":9219.17},{"text":"to","start":9219.17,"end":9219.25},{"text":"the","start":9219.25,"end":9219.33},{"text":"Secretary-General.","start":9219.33,"end":9220.17}]},{"text":"In this respect, We wish to underline efforts for the dissemination of international humanitarian law at the domestic level.","start":9222.25,"end":9229.17,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9222.25,"end":9222.33},{"text":"this","start":9222.33,"end":9222.49},{"text":"respect,","start":9222.49,"end":9223.13},{"text":"We","start":9223.89,"end":9223.93},{"text":"wish","start":9223.93,"end":9224.13},{"text":"to","start":9224.13,"end":9224.21},{"text":"underline","start":9224.21,"end":9224.77},{"text":"efforts","start":9224.77,"end":9225.49},{"text":"for","start":9225.65,"end":9225.89},{"text":"the","start":9225.89,"end":9225.97},{"text":"dissemination","start":9225.97,"end":9226.61},{"text":"of","start":9226.61,"end":9226.69},{"text":"international","start":9226.69,"end":9227.17},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9227.17,"end":9227.85},{"text":"law","start":9227.85,"end":9228.21},{"text":"at","start":9228.21,"end":9228.29},{"text":"the","start":9228.29,"end":9228.37},{"text":"domestic","start":9228.37,"end":9228.77},{"text":"level.","start":9228.77,"end":9229.17}]},{"text":"International humanitarian law constitutes part of the training of armed forces, and it is taught in the Greek military training academies.","start":9230.69,"end":9238.29,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":9230.69,"end":9231.17},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9231.17,"end":9231.69},{"text":"law","start":9231.69,"end":9231.93},{"text":"constitutes","start":9231.93,"end":9232.57},{"text":"part","start":9232.57,"end":9233.01},{"text":"of","start":9233.01,"end":9233.09},{"text":"the","start":9233.09,"end":9233.25},{"text":"training","start":9233.25,"end":9233.81},{"text":"of","start":9233.81,"end":9233.97},{"text":"armed","start":9233.97,"end":9234.21},{"text":"forces,","start":9234.21,"end":9234.85},{"text":"and","start":9235.65,"end":9235.81},{"text":"it","start":9235.81,"end":9235.93},{"text":"is","start":9235.93,"end":9236.05},{"text":"taught","start":9236.05,"end":9236.45},{"text":"in","start":9236.45,"end":9236.61},{"text":"the","start":9236.61,"end":9236.69},{"text":"Greek","start":9236.69,"end":9236.89},{"text":"military","start":9236.89,"end":9237.29},{"text":"training","start":9237.29,"end":9237.57},{"text":"academies.","start":9237.57,"end":9238.29}]},{"text":"Training in international humanitarian law is also provided for military personnel in the pre-deployment phase of peacekeeping operations.","start":9239.49,"end":9246.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Training","start":9239.49,"end":9239.85},{"text":"in","start":9239.85,"end":9239.93},{"text":"international","start":9239.93,"end":9240.41},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9240.41,"end":9241.05},{"text":"law","start":9241.05,"end":9241.41},{"text":"is","start":9241.49,"end":9241.61},{"text":"also","start":9241.65,"end":9241.89},{"text":"provided","start":9241.89,"end":9242.53},{"text":"for","start":9242.53,"end":9242.69},{"text":"military","start":9242.69,"end":9243.05},{"text":"personnel","start":9243.05,"end":9243.65},{"text":"in","start":9243.65,"end":9243.81},{"text":"the","start":9243.81,"end":9243.93},{"text":"pre-deployment","start":9243.93,"end":9244.69},{"text":"phase","start":9244.69,"end":9245.05},{"text":"of","start":9245.05,"end":9245.25},{"text":"peacekeeping","start":9245.25,"end":9245.69},{"text":"operations.","start":9245.69,"end":9246.45}]},{"text":"Turning to the issue of the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict, It should be pointed out that one of the initiatives of Greece's presidency of the Committee for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, established pursuant to the Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention, was elaboration of a military manual dedicated to this particular issue.","start":9248.77,"end":9274.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":9248.77,"end":9249.01},{"text":"to","start":9249.01,"end":9249.17},{"text":"the","start":9249.17,"end":9249.29},{"text":"issue","start":9249.29,"end":9249.53},{"text":"of","start":9249.53,"end":9249.65},{"text":"the","start":9249.65,"end":9249.73},{"text":"protection","start":9249.73,"end":9250.29},{"text":"of","start":9250.29,"end":9250.37},{"text":"cultural","start":9250.37,"end":9250.69},{"text":"property","start":9250.69,"end":9251.41},{"text":"in","start":9251.41,"end":9251.57},{"text":"the","start":9251.57,"end":9251.69},{"text":"event","start":9251.69,"end":9251.89},{"text":"of","start":9251.89,"end":9251.97},{"text":"armed","start":9251.97,"end":9252.13},{"text":"conflict,","start":9252.13,"end":9252.77},{"text":"It","start":9253.89,"end":9254.01},{"text":"should","start":9254.01,"end":9254.13},{"text":"be","start":9254.13,"end":9254.21},{"text":"pointed","start":9254.21,"end":9254.69},{"text":"out","start":9254.69,"end":9254.97},{"text":"that","start":9254.97,"end":9255.25},{"text":"one","start":9255.25,"end":9255.41},{"text":"of","start":9255.41,"end":9255.53},{"text":"the","start":9255.53,"end":9255.61},{"text":"initiatives","start":9255.61,"end":9256.29},{"text":"of","start":9256.37,"end":9256.53},{"text":"Greece's","start":9256.53,"end":9257.01},{"text":"presidency","start":9257.01,"end":9257.81},{"text":"of","start":9258.13,"end":9258.25},{"text":"the","start":9258.25,"end":9258.37},{"text":"Committee","start":9258.37,"end":9258.85},{"text":"for","start":9258.85,"end":9259.01},{"text":"the","start":9259.01,"end":9259.09},{"text":"Protection","start":9259.09,"end":9259.49},{"text":"of","start":9259.49,"end":9259.57},{"text":"Cultural","start":9259.57,"end":9259.89},{"text":"Property","start":9259.89,"end":9260.61},{"text":"in","start":9260.93,"end":9261.09},{"text":"the","start":9261.09,"end":9261.17},{"text":"Event","start":9261.17,"end":9261.41},{"text":"of","start":9261.41,"end":9261.49},{"text":"Armed","start":9261.49,"end":9261.65},{"text":"Conflict,","start":9261.65,"end":9262.21},{"text":"established","start":9263.17,"end":9263.73},{"text":"pursuant","start":9263.73,"end":9264.25},{"text":"to","start":9264.25,"end":9264.33},{"text":"the","start":9264.33,"end":9264.41},{"text":"Second","start":9264.41,"end":9264.69},{"text":"Protocol","start":9264.69,"end":9265.25},{"text":"to","start":9265.41,"end":9265.61},{"text":"the","start":9265.61,"end":9265.73},{"text":"1954","start":9266.21,"end":9268.01},{"text":"Hague","start":9268.01,"end":9268.13},{"text":"Convention,","start":9268.13,"end":9270.05},{"text":"was","start":9270.69,"end":9270.93},{"text":"elaboration","start":9270.93,"end":9271.49},{"text":"of","start":9271.49,"end":9271.57},{"text":"a","start":9271.57,"end":9271.65},{"text":"military","start":9271.65,"end":9272.05},{"text":"manual","start":9272.05,"end":9272.45},{"text":"dedicated","start":9272.53,"end":9273.13},{"text":"to","start":9273.13,"end":9273.21},{"text":"this","start":9273.21,"end":9273.33},{"text":"particular","start":9273.33,"end":9273.81},{"text":"issue.","start":9273.81,"end":9274.13}]},{"text":"This military manual, which was drafted under the auspices of UNESCO and published in 2016, has proved to be an inspiration for similar initiatives at the domestic level.","start":9275.57,"end":9286.29,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9275.57,"end":9275.77},{"text":"military","start":9275.77,"end":9276.13},{"text":"manual,","start":9276.13,"end":9276.61},{"text":"which","start":9276.85,"end":9277.09},{"text":"was","start":9277.09,"end":9277.33},{"text":"drafted","start":9277.33,"end":9277.73},{"text":"under","start":9277.73,"end":9278.05},{"text":"the","start":9278.05,"end":9278.17},{"text":"auspices","start":9278.17,"end":9278.49},{"text":"of","start":9278.49,"end":9278.61},{"text":"UNESCO","start":9278.61,"end":9279.25},{"text":"and","start":9279.97,"end":9280.13},{"text":"published","start":9280.13,"end":9280.57},{"text":"in","start":9280.57,"end":9280.65},{"text":"2016,","start":9280.65,"end":9281.73},{"text":"has","start":9282.57,"end":9282.69},{"text":"proved","start":9282.69,"end":9283.13},{"text":"to","start":9283.13,"end":9283.21},{"text":"be","start":9283.21,"end":9283.41},{"text":"an","start":9283.41,"end":9283.57},{"text":"inspiration","start":9283.57,"end":9284.21},{"text":"for","start":9284.21,"end":9284.41},{"text":"similar","start":9284.41,"end":9284.77},{"text":"initiatives","start":9284.77,"end":9285.33},{"text":"at","start":9285.33,"end":9285.41},{"text":"the","start":9285.41,"end":9285.49},{"text":"domestic","start":9285.49,"end":9285.97},{"text":"level.","start":9285.97,"end":9286.29}]},{"text":"More specifically, in 2021, Greece adopted its national military manual for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict, through the collaboration of competent ministries, a manual which follows the structure and contents of the one drawn up by UNESCO.","start":9287.97,"end":9307.33,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":9287.97,"end":9288.21},{"text":"specifically,","start":9288.21,"end":9289.01},{"text":"in","start":9289.81,"end":9290.01},{"text":"2021,","start":9290.01,"end":9291.09},{"text":"Greece","start":9291.81,"end":9292.21},{"text":"adopted","start":9292.21,"end":9292.93},{"text":"its","start":9293.01,"end":9293.25},{"text":"national","start":9293.25,"end":9293.65},{"text":"military","start":9293.65,"end":9294.05},{"text":"manual","start":9294.05,"end":9294.61},{"text":"for","start":9294.85,"end":9295.09},{"text":"the","start":9295.09,"end":9295.17},{"text":"protection","start":9295.17,"end":9295.89},{"text":"of","start":9296.09,"end":9296.29},{"text":"cultural","start":9296.37,"end":9296.81},{"text":"property","start":9296.81,"end":9297.25},{"text":"in","start":9297.25,"end":9297.37},{"text":"the","start":9297.37,"end":9297.45},{"text":"event","start":9297.45,"end":9297.85},{"text":"of","start":9297.85,"end":9297.97},{"text":"armed","start":9297.97,"end":9298.13},{"text":"conflict,","start":9298.13,"end":9298.69},{"text":"through","start":9300.13,"end":9300.33},{"text":"the","start":9300.33,"end":9300.45},{"text":"collaboration","start":9300.45,"end":9301.73},{"text":"of","start":9301.73,"end":9301.81},{"text":"competent","start":9301.81,"end":9302.17},{"text":"ministries,","start":9302.17,"end":9302.85},{"text":"a","start":9303.33,"end":9303.37},{"text":"manual","start":9303.37,"end":9303.89},{"text":"which","start":9303.89,"end":9304.05},{"text":"follows","start":9304.05,"end":9304.45},{"text":"the","start":9304.45,"end":9304.61},{"text":"structure","start":9304.61,"end":9305.25},{"text":"and","start":9305.25,"end":9305.41},{"text":"contents","start":9305.41,"end":9305.89},{"text":"of","start":9305.89,"end":9306.05},{"text":"the","start":9306.05,"end":9306.13},{"text":"one","start":9306.13,"end":9306.37},{"text":"drawn","start":9306.37,"end":9306.61},{"text":"up","start":9306.61,"end":9306.73},{"text":"by","start":9306.73,"end":9306.85},{"text":"UNESCO.","start":9306.85,"end":9307.33}]},{"text":"Moreover, we would also like to highlight our active participation in the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law, launched by the ICRC and Brazil, the People's Republic of China, France, Jordan, Kazakhstan, and South Africa, which has already produced important outcome documents and will culminate with a high-level meeting to Uphold Humanity in War that is scheduled to take place in Jordan in the summer of this year.","start":9311.17,"end":9341.01,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Moreover,","start":9311.17,"end":9311.81},{"text":"we","start":9312.05,"end":9312.33},{"text":"would","start":9312.53,"end":9312.77},{"text":"also","start":9312.77,"end":9313.01},{"text":"like","start":9313.01,"end":9313.41},{"text":"to","start":9313.41,"end":9313.61},{"text":"highlight","start":9313.61,"end":9314.29},{"text":"our","start":9315.29,"end":9315.49},{"text":"active","start":9315.49,"end":9315.85},{"text":"participation","start":9315.85,"end":9316.77},{"text":"in","start":9316.93,"end":9317.05},{"text":"the","start":9317.05,"end":9317.13},{"text":"global","start":9317.13,"end":9317.57},{"text":"initiative","start":9317.57,"end":9318.21},{"text":"to","start":9318.21,"end":9318.29},{"text":"galvanize","start":9318.29,"end":9318.85},{"text":"political","start":9318.85,"end":9319.33},{"text":"commitment","start":9319.33,"end":9319.77},{"text":"to","start":9319.77,"end":9319.85},{"text":"international","start":9319.85,"end":9320.37},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9320.37,"end":9321.05},{"text":"law,","start":9321.05,"end":9321.17},{"text":"launched","start":9322.37,"end":9322.61},{"text":"by","start":9322.61,"end":9322.85},{"text":"the","start":9322.85,"end":9322.97},{"text":"ICRC","start":9322.97,"end":9324.05},{"text":"and","start":9324.21,"end":9324.41},{"text":"Brazil,","start":9324.41,"end":9324.93},{"text":"the","start":9324.93,"end":9325.09},{"text":"People's","start":9325.09,"end":9325.45},{"text":"Republic","start":9325.45,"end":9325.77},{"text":"of","start":9325.77,"end":9325.85},{"text":"China,","start":9325.85,"end":9326.29},{"text":"France,","start":9326.29,"end":9326.85},{"text":"Jordan,","start":9326.85,"end":9327.33},{"text":"Kazakhstan,","start":9327.33,"end":9327.81},{"text":"and","start":9327.81,"end":9327.93},{"text":"South","start":9327.93,"end":9328.13},{"text":"Africa,","start":9328.13,"end":9328.61},{"text":"which","start":9329.61,"end":9329.89},{"text":"has","start":9329.89,"end":9330.05},{"text":"already","start":9330.05,"end":9330.61},{"text":"produced","start":9330.61,"end":9331.17},{"text":"important","start":9331.17,"end":9331.77},{"text":"outcome","start":9331.77,"end":9332.13},{"text":"documents","start":9332.13,"end":9332.85},{"text":"and","start":9333.53,"end":9333.65},{"text":"will","start":9333.65,"end":9333.85},{"text":"culminate","start":9333.89,"end":9334.53},{"text":"with","start":9334.77,"end":9335.01},{"text":"a","start":9335.01,"end":9335.05},{"text":"high-level","start":9335.05,"end":9335.65},{"text":"meeting","start":9335.65,"end":9336.05},{"text":"to","start":9336.53,"end":9336.57},{"text":"Uphold","start":9336.57,"end":9336.85},{"text":"Humanity","start":9336.85,"end":9337.37},{"text":"in","start":9337.37,"end":9337.57},{"text":"War","start":9337.57,"end":9338.05},{"text":"that","start":9338.05,"end":9338.29},{"text":"is","start":9338.29,"end":9338.41},{"text":"scheduled","start":9338.41,"end":9338.81},{"text":"to","start":9338.81,"end":9338.89},{"text":"take","start":9338.89,"end":9339.09},{"text":"place","start":9339.09,"end":9339.29},{"text":"in","start":9339.29,"end":9339.41},{"text":"Jordan","start":9339.41,"end":9339.81},{"text":"in","start":9339.81,"end":9339.97},{"text":"the","start":9339.97,"end":9340.09},{"text":"summer","start":9340.09,"end":9340.37},{"text":"of","start":9340.37,"end":9340.45},{"text":"this","start":9340.45,"end":9340.61},{"text":"year.","start":9340.61,"end":9341.01}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, Greece adds its voice in expressing grave concern for the serious violations of international humanitarian law in situations of armed conflict, as evidenced by numerous United Nations reports.","start":9342.37,"end":9356.37,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9342.37,"end":9342.73},{"text":"Chair,","start":9342.73,"end":9343.09},{"text":"Greece","start":9344.53,"end":9345.09},{"text":"adds","start":9345.73,"end":9346.05},{"text":"its","start":9346.05,"end":9346.29},{"text":"voice","start":9346.29,"end":9346.85},{"text":"in","start":9347.01,"end":9347.13},{"text":"expressing","start":9347.13,"end":9347.65},{"text":"grave","start":9347.65,"end":9348.05},{"text":"concern","start":9348.05,"end":9348.69},{"text":"for","start":9348.85,"end":9349.09},{"text":"the","start":9349.09,"end":9349.17},{"text":"serious","start":9349.17,"end":9349.53},{"text":"violations","start":9349.53,"end":9350.01},{"text":"of","start":9350.01,"end":9350.09},{"text":"international","start":9350.09,"end":9350.61},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9350.61,"end":9351.37},{"text":"law","start":9351.37,"end":9351.45},{"text":"in","start":9352.05,"end":9352.13},{"text":"situations","start":9352.13,"end":9352.77},{"text":"of","start":9352.77,"end":9352.85},{"text":"armed","start":9352.85,"end":9353.01},{"text":"conflict,","start":9353.01,"end":9353.73},{"text":"as","start":9353.73,"end":9353.89},{"text":"evidenced","start":9353.89,"end":9354.45},{"text":"by","start":9354.53,"end":9354.77},{"text":"numerous","start":9354.77,"end":9355.21},{"text":"United","start":9355.21,"end":9355.57},{"text":"Nations","start":9355.57,"end":9355.89},{"text":"reports.","start":9355.89,"end":9356.37}]},{"text":"Greece, as an elected member of the UN Security Council from January 2025, has consistently called at the Council for compliance with international humanitarian law and underlined that serious violations thereof be prosecuted as appropriate.","start":9357.97,"end":9372.41,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece,","start":9357.97,"end":9358.45},{"text":"as","start":9359.33,"end":9359.53},{"text":"an","start":9359.53,"end":9359.65},{"text":"elected","start":9359.65,"end":9359.97},{"text":"member","start":9359.97,"end":9360.29},{"text":"of","start":9360.29,"end":9360.37},{"text":"the","start":9360.37,"end":9360.53},{"text":"UN","start":9360.53,"end":9360.69},{"text":"Security","start":9360.69,"end":9361.13},{"text":"Council","start":9361.13,"end":9361.49},{"text":"from","start":9361.49,"end":9361.69},{"text":"January","start":9361.69,"end":9362.17},{"text":"2025,","start":9362.17,"end":9362.93},{"text":"has","start":9363.85,"end":9363.97},{"text":"consistently","start":9363.97,"end":9364.65},{"text":"called","start":9364.65,"end":9365.21},{"text":"at","start":9365.21,"end":9365.29},{"text":"the","start":9365.29,"end":9365.45},{"text":"Council","start":9365.45,"end":9365.85},{"text":"for","start":9365.85,"end":9366.01},{"text":"compliance","start":9366.01,"end":9366.49},{"text":"with","start":9366.49,"end":9366.65},{"text":"international","start":9366.65,"end":9367.25},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9367.25,"end":9367.81},{"text":"law","start":9367.81,"end":9367.97},{"text":"and","start":9368.49,"end":9368.61},{"text":"underlined","start":9368.61,"end":9369.13},{"text":"that","start":9369.13,"end":9369.33},{"text":"serious","start":9369.33,"end":9369.57},{"text":"violations","start":9369.57,"end":9370.17},{"text":"thereof","start":9370.17,"end":9370.57},{"text":"be","start":9370.81,"end":9370.97},{"text":"prosecuted","start":9370.97,"end":9371.61},{"text":"as","start":9371.61,"end":9371.73},{"text":"appropriate.","start":9371.73,"end":9372.41}]},{"text":"The children and armed conflict agenda has been a high priority for Greece during its current tenure in the Council.","start":9374.25,"end":9379.73,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9374.25,"end":9374.49},{"text":"children","start":9374.49,"end":9375.05},{"text":"and","start":9375.05,"end":9375.25},{"text":"armed","start":9375.25,"end":9375.41},{"text":"conflict","start":9375.41,"end":9375.85},{"text":"agenda","start":9375.85,"end":9376.21},{"text":"has","start":9376.21,"end":9376.41},{"text":"been","start":9376.41,"end":9376.57},{"text":"a","start":9376.57,"end":9376.61},{"text":"high","start":9376.61,"end":9376.73},{"text":"priority","start":9376.73,"end":9377.25},{"text":"for","start":9377.25,"end":9377.45},{"text":"Greece","start":9377.45,"end":9377.77},{"text":"during","start":9377.77,"end":9378.09},{"text":"its","start":9378.09,"end":9378.25},{"text":"current","start":9378.25,"end":9378.69},{"text":"tenure","start":9378.69,"end":9378.97},{"text":"in","start":9378.97,"end":9379.13},{"text":"the","start":9379.13,"end":9379.21},{"text":"Council.","start":9379.21,"end":9379.73}]},{"text":"I would like to thank Brazil for its kind words on this issue.","start":9379.73,"end":9384.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9379.73,"end":9379.77},{"text":"would","start":9380.81,"end":9380.97},{"text":"like","start":9380.97,"end":9381.13},{"text":"to","start":9381.13,"end":9381.21},{"text":"thank","start":9381.21,"end":9381.45},{"text":"Brazil","start":9381.45,"end":9381.85},{"text":"for","start":9381.93,"end":9382.09},{"text":"its","start":9382.09,"end":9382.25},{"text":"kind","start":9382.25,"end":9382.53},{"text":"words","start":9382.53,"end":9383.05},{"text":"on","start":9383.29,"end":9383.37},{"text":"this","start":9383.37,"end":9383.53},{"text":"issue.","start":9384.01,"end":9384.49}]},{"text":"We underscore that all feasible measures should be undertaken to ensure that children receive the special protection to which they are entitled under the Geneva Conventions and the Additional Protocol II.","start":9385.37,"end":9400.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9385.37,"end":9385.53},{"text":"underscore","start":9385.53,"end":9386.17},{"text":"that","start":9386.17,"end":9386.49},{"text":"all","start":9386.49,"end":9386.73},{"text":"feasible","start":9386.81,"end":9387.29},{"text":"measures","start":9387.53,"end":9388.17},{"text":"should","start":9388.41,"end":9388.61},{"text":"be","start":9388.61,"end":9388.81},{"text":"undertaken","start":9388.81,"end":9389.69},{"text":"to","start":9390.65,"end":9390.77},{"text":"ensure","start":9390.77,"end":9391.29},{"text":"that","start":9391.29,"end":9391.61},{"text":"children","start":9391.61,"end":9392.17},{"text":"receive","start":9392.73,"end":9393.29},{"text":"the","start":9393.29,"end":9393.53},{"text":"special","start":9393.53,"end":9393.93},{"text":"protection","start":9393.93,"end":9394.65},{"text":"to","start":9395.37,"end":9395.49},{"text":"which","start":9395.49,"end":9395.77},{"text":"they","start":9395.77,"end":9395.97},{"text":"are","start":9395.97,"end":9396.21},{"text":"entitled","start":9396.21,"end":9396.89},{"text":"under","start":9397.61,"end":9397.85},{"text":"the","start":9397.85,"end":9397.97},{"text":"Geneva","start":9397.97,"end":9398.25},{"text":"Conventions","start":9398.25,"end":9399.13},{"text":"and","start":9399.13,"end":9399.25},{"text":"the","start":9399.25,"end":9399.33},{"text":"Additional","start":9399.33,"end":9399.65},{"text":"Protocol","start":9399.65,"end":9400.41},{"text":"II.","start":9400.41,"end":9400.49}]},{"text":"We take this opportunity to underscore in this respect that over the past 30 years, the Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict, the CAAC, has identified and addressed grave violations against children, contributing substantially to their protection.","start":9401.93,"end":9419.29,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9401.93,"end":9402.09},{"text":"take","start":9402.09,"end":9402.25},{"text":"this","start":9402.25,"end":9402.37},{"text":"opportunity","start":9402.37,"end":9403.29},{"text":"to","start":9403.69,"end":9403.81},{"text":"underscore","start":9403.81,"end":9404.33},{"text":"in","start":9404.33,"end":9404.41},{"text":"this","start":9404.41,"end":9404.57},{"text":"respect","start":9404.57,"end":9405.13},{"text":"that","start":9405.85,"end":9406.09},{"text":"over","start":9406.17,"end":9406.73},{"text":"the","start":9406.73,"end":9406.89},{"text":"past","start":9406.89,"end":9407.17},{"text":"30","start":9407.17,"end":9407.45},{"text":"years,","start":9407.45,"end":9408.09},{"text":"the","start":9408.49,"end":9408.73},{"text":"Working","start":9408.73,"end":9409.05},{"text":"Group","start":9409.05,"end":9409.33},{"text":"on","start":9409.37,"end":9409.53},{"text":"Children","start":9409.53,"end":9410.01},{"text":"and","start":9410.01,"end":9410.21},{"text":"Armed","start":9410.21,"end":9410.37},{"text":"Conflict,","start":9410.37,"end":9410.81},{"text":"the","start":9410.81,"end":9410.93},{"text":"CAAC,","start":9410.93,"end":9412.25},{"text":"has","start":9412.81,"end":9412.93},{"text":"identified","start":9412.97,"end":9413.85},{"text":"and","start":9413.85,"end":9414.05},{"text":"addressed","start":9414.05,"end":9414.49},{"text":"grave","start":9414.49,"end":9414.85},{"text":"violations","start":9414.85,"end":9415.69},{"text":"against","start":9415.77,"end":9416.17},{"text":"children,","start":9416.17,"end":9416.65},{"text":"contributing","start":9417.25,"end":9417.77},{"text":"substantially","start":9417.77,"end":9418.41},{"text":"to","start":9418.41,"end":9418.53},{"text":"their","start":9418.53,"end":9418.69},{"text":"protection.","start":9418.69,"end":9419.29}]},{"text":"Greece equally underlines the contribution of the CAAC monitoring and reporting mechanism in providing verified and actionable information on the six grave violations against children, namely recruitment and use, killing and maiming, rape and other forms of sexual violence, abduction, attacks against schools and hospitals, and denial of humanitarian access, and advocates for the strengthening of its capacities.","start":9421.09,"end":9449.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":9421.09,"end":9421.49},{"text":"equally","start":9421.49,"end":9421.93},{"text":"underlines","start":9421.93,"end":9422.69},{"text":"the","start":9422.77,"end":9422.97},{"text":"contribution","start":9422.97,"end":9423.53},{"text":"of","start":9423.53,"end":9423.65},{"text":"the","start":9423.65,"end":9423.81},{"text":"CAAC","start":9423.81,"end":9425.17},{"text":"monitoring","start":9425.65,"end":9426.37},{"text":"and","start":9426.37,"end":9426.49},{"text":"reporting","start":9426.49,"end":9426.85},{"text":"mechanism","start":9426.85,"end":9427.41},{"text":"in","start":9428.45,"end":9428.61},{"text":"providing","start":9428.61,"end":9429.09},{"text":"verified","start":9429.09,"end":9429.81},{"text":"and","start":9429.89,"end":9430.13},{"text":"actionable","start":9430.13,"end":9430.65},{"text":"information","start":9430.65,"end":9431.49},{"text":"on","start":9431.65,"end":9431.81},{"text":"the","start":9431.81,"end":9431.93},{"text":"six","start":9431.93,"end":9432.37},{"text":"grave","start":9432.37,"end":9432.81},{"text":"violations","start":9432.81,"end":9433.37},{"text":"against","start":9433.37,"end":9433.73},{"text":"children,","start":9433.73,"end":9434.13},{"text":"namely","start":9435.25,"end":9435.73},{"text":"recruitment","start":9435.81,"end":9436.69},{"text":"and","start":9436.69,"end":9436.89},{"text":"use,","start":9436.89,"end":9437.33},{"text":"killing","start":9437.49,"end":9437.89},{"text":"and","start":9437.89,"end":9438.05},{"text":"maiming,","start":9438.05,"end":9438.61},{"text":"rape","start":9439.17,"end":9439.49},{"text":"and","start":9439.49,"end":9439.65},{"text":"other","start":9439.65,"end":9439.89},{"text":"forms","start":9439.89,"end":9440.13},{"text":"of","start":9440.13,"end":9440.21},{"text":"sexual","start":9440.21,"end":9440.53},{"text":"violence,","start":9440.53,"end":9441.17},{"text":"abduction,","start":9441.17,"end":9441.97},{"text":"attacks","start":9442.61,"end":9443.01},{"text":"against","start":9443.01,"end":9443.29},{"text":"schools","start":9443.29,"end":9443.53},{"text":"and","start":9443.53,"end":9443.65},{"text":"hospitals,","start":9443.65,"end":9444.21},{"text":"and","start":9444.21,"end":9444.37},{"text":"denial","start":9444.37,"end":9444.69},{"text":"of","start":9444.69,"end":9444.77},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9444.77,"end":9445.33},{"text":"access,","start":9445.33,"end":9445.97},{"text":"and","start":9447.01,"end":9447.21},{"text":"advocates","start":9447.21,"end":9447.77},{"text":"for","start":9447.77,"end":9447.89},{"text":"the","start":9447.89,"end":9447.97},{"text":"strengthening","start":9447.97,"end":9448.53},{"text":"of","start":9448.53,"end":9448.69},{"text":"its","start":9448.69,"end":9448.85},{"text":"capacities.","start":9448.85,"end":9449.57}]},{"text":"Greece also advocates for the full implementation of the mandate of the Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict as a core element of the United Nations work for peace and security, and as an effective and operational tool for the protection of children.","start":9451.25,"end":9469.01,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":9451.25,"end":9451.65},{"text":"also","start":9451.73,"end":9452.37},{"text":"advocates","start":9452.37,"end":9453.25},{"text":"for","start":9453.49,"end":9453.73},{"text":"the","start":9453.73,"end":9453.85},{"text":"full","start":9453.85,"end":9454.01},{"text":"implementation","start":9454.01,"end":9454.93},{"text":"of","start":9455.13,"end":9455.21},{"text":"the","start":9455.21,"end":9455.33},{"text":"mandate","start":9455.33,"end":9455.77},{"text":"of","start":9455.77,"end":9455.89},{"text":"the","start":9455.89,"end":9455.97},{"text":"Working","start":9455.97,"end":9456.29},{"text":"Group","start":9456.29,"end":9456.61},{"text":"on","start":9456.77,"end":9456.93},{"text":"Children","start":9456.93,"end":9457.41},{"text":"and","start":9457.41,"end":9457.57},{"text":"Armed","start":9457.57,"end":9457.73},{"text":"Conflict","start":9457.73,"end":9458.29},{"text":"as","start":9459.17,"end":9459.53},{"text":"a","start":9459.53,"end":9459.57},{"text":"core","start":9459.65,"end":9460.05},{"text":"element","start":9460.05,"end":9460.69},{"text":"of","start":9460.85,"end":9461.01},{"text":"the","start":9461.01,"end":9461.09},{"text":"United","start":9461.09,"end":9461.41},{"text":"Nations","start":9461.41,"end":9462.13},{"text":"work","start":9462.29,"end":9462.77},{"text":"for","start":9463.01,"end":9463.41},{"text":"peace","start":9463.41,"end":9463.57},{"text":"and","start":9463.57,"end":9463.69},{"text":"security,","start":9463.69,"end":9464.29},{"text":"and","start":9465.17,"end":9465.41},{"text":"as","start":9465.41,"end":9465.57},{"text":"an","start":9465.57,"end":9465.65},{"text":"effective","start":9465.65,"end":9466.29},{"text":"and","start":9466.29,"end":9466.49},{"text":"operational","start":9466.49,"end":9467.09},{"text":"tool","start":9467.09,"end":9467.33},{"text":"for","start":9467.41,"end":9467.57},{"text":"the","start":9467.57,"end":9467.69},{"text":"protection","start":9467.69,"end":9468.37},{"text":"of","start":9468.37,"end":9468.53},{"text":"children.","start":9468.57,"end":9469.01}]},{"text":"In that regard, we regret that the Working Group, as a subsidiary organ of the Security Council, has not been able to resume its work and fulfill its mandate this year.","start":9470.45,"end":9479.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9470.45,"end":9470.53},{"text":"that","start":9470.53,"end":9470.77},{"text":"regard,","start":9470.77,"end":9471.25},{"text":"we","start":9471.97,"end":9472.09},{"text":"regret","start":9472.09,"end":9472.37},{"text":"that","start":9472.37,"end":9472.49},{"text":"the","start":9472.49,"end":9472.61},{"text":"Working","start":9472.61,"end":9472.93},{"text":"Group,","start":9472.93,"end":9473.21},{"text":"as","start":9473.69,"end":9473.77},{"text":"a","start":9473.77,"end":9473.81},{"text":"subsidiary","start":9473.81,"end":9474.85},{"text":"organ","start":9474.85,"end":9475.09},{"text":"of","start":9475.09,"end":9475.17},{"text":"the","start":9475.17,"end":9475.25},{"text":"Security","start":9475.25,"end":9475.65},{"text":"Council,","start":9475.65,"end":9476.13},{"text":"has","start":9476.69,"end":9476.85},{"text":"not","start":9476.85,"end":9476.97},{"text":"been","start":9476.97,"end":9477.21},{"text":"able","start":9477.21,"end":9477.45},{"text":"to","start":9477.45,"end":9477.65},{"text":"resume","start":9477.65,"end":9477.85},{"text":"its","start":9477.85,"end":9478.01},{"text":"work","start":9478.01,"end":9478.29},{"text":"and","start":9478.29,"end":9478.41},{"text":"fulfill","start":9478.41,"end":9478.77},{"text":"its","start":9478.77,"end":9478.89},{"text":"mandate","start":9478.89,"end":9479.25},{"text":"this","start":9479.25,"end":9479.45},{"text":"year.","start":9479.45,"end":9479.85}]},{"text":"In relation to conflict-related sexual violence, Greece is calling for action plans to prevent and address conflict-related sexual violence, including by providing reparations to survivors and by ensuring unhindered access for relevant UN monitoring mechanisms.","start":9481.85,"end":9499.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9481.85,"end":9481.97},{"text":"relation","start":9482.01,"end":9482.49},{"text":"to","start":9482.49,"end":9482.73},{"text":"conflict-related","start":9482.73,"end":9483.61},{"text":"sexual","start":9483.61,"end":9483.93},{"text":"violence,","start":9483.93,"end":9484.65},{"text":"Greece","start":9485.69,"end":9486.01},{"text":"is","start":9486.01,"end":9486.17},{"text":"calling","start":9486.17,"end":9486.57},{"text":"for","start":9486.57,"end":9486.77},{"text":"action","start":9486.77,"end":9487.01},{"text":"plans","start":9487.01,"end":9487.37},{"text":"to","start":9487.37,"end":9487.53},{"text":"prevent","start":9487.53,"end":9488.09},{"text":"and","start":9488.49,"end":9488.85},{"text":"address","start":9488.85,"end":9489.13},{"text":"conflict-related","start":9489.13,"end":9489.85},{"text":"sexual","start":9489.85,"end":9490.21},{"text":"violence,","start":9490.21,"end":9490.89},{"text":"including","start":9491.61,"end":9492.25},{"text":"by","start":9492.25,"end":9492.41},{"text":"providing","start":9492.41,"end":9492.89},{"text":"reparations","start":9492.89,"end":9493.53},{"text":"to","start":9493.53,"end":9493.61},{"text":"survivors","start":9493.61,"end":9494.33},{"text":"and","start":9494.33,"end":9494.49},{"text":"by","start":9494.49,"end":9494.61},{"text":"ensuring","start":9494.61,"end":9495.01},{"text":"unhindered","start":9495.13,"end":9495.77},{"text":"access","start":9495.77,"end":9496.41},{"text":"for","start":9496.81,"end":9497.17},{"text":"relevant","start":9497.17,"end":9497.53},{"text":"UN","start":9497.61,"end":9497.93},{"text":"monitoring","start":9497.93,"end":9498.33},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":9498.33,"end":9499.05}]},{"text":"It also advocated that the Council use the tools at its disposal to their full extent, so that sexual violence be a standalone designation criterion in every UN sanctions regime, not folded into other categories, but named for what it is.","start":9500.33,"end":9516.77,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9500.33,"end":9500.49},{"text":"also","start":9500.49,"end":9500.65},{"text":"advocated","start":9500.65,"end":9501.29},{"text":"that","start":9501.29,"end":9501.45},{"text":"the","start":9501.45,"end":9501.57},{"text":"Council","start":9501.57,"end":9502.33},{"text":"use","start":9502.41,"end":9502.65},{"text":"the","start":9502.65,"end":9502.73},{"text":"tools","start":9502.73,"end":9503.21},{"text":"at","start":9503.21,"end":9503.37},{"text":"its","start":9503.37,"end":9503.49},{"text":"disposal","start":9503.49,"end":9504.17},{"text":"to","start":9504.17,"end":9504.29},{"text":"their","start":9504.33,"end":9504.57},{"text":"full","start":9504.57,"end":9504.73},{"text":"extent,","start":9504.73,"end":9505.29},{"text":"so","start":9506.61,"end":9506.69},{"text":"that","start":9506.69,"end":9506.93},{"text":"sexual","start":9506.93,"end":9507.33},{"text":"violence","start":9507.33,"end":9507.97},{"text":"be","start":9507.97,"end":9508.21},{"text":"a","start":9508.21,"end":9508.25},{"text":"standalone","start":9508.25,"end":9508.93},{"text":"designation","start":9508.93,"end":9509.49},{"text":"criterion","start":9509.49,"end":9510.29},{"text":"in","start":9510.37,"end":9510.61},{"text":"every","start":9510.61,"end":9511.01},{"text":"UN","start":9511.01,"end":9511.33},{"text":"sanctions","start":9511.33,"end":9511.73},{"text":"regime,","start":9511.73,"end":9512.21},{"text":"not","start":9513.17,"end":9513.49},{"text":"folded","start":9513.49,"end":9513.89},{"text":"into","start":9513.89,"end":9514.17},{"text":"other","start":9514.17,"end":9514.37},{"text":"categories,","start":9514.37,"end":9515.09},{"text":"but","start":9515.17,"end":9515.41},{"text":"named","start":9515.41,"end":9515.81},{"text":"for","start":9515.81,"end":9516.01},{"text":"what","start":9516.01,"end":9516.21},{"text":"it","start":9516.21,"end":9516.37},{"text":"is.","start":9516.37,"end":9516.77}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, in concluding, Greece wishes to underline the utmost importance it attaches through its domestic and international practice in defending international humanitarian law.","start":9517.65,"end":9527.77,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9517.65,"end":9518.05},{"text":"Chair,","start":9518.09,"end":9518.45},{"text":"in","start":9519.09,"end":9519.21},{"text":"concluding,","start":9519.21,"end":9519.81},{"text":"Greece","start":9520.53,"end":9520.89},{"text":"wishes","start":9520.89,"end":9521.21},{"text":"to","start":9521.21,"end":9521.29},{"text":"underline","start":9521.29,"end":9521.89},{"text":"the","start":9521.97,"end":9522.17},{"text":"utmost","start":9522.17,"end":9522.53},{"text":"importance","start":9522.53,"end":9523.01},{"text":"it","start":9523.01,"end":9523.25},{"text":"attaches","start":9523.25,"end":9523.81},{"text":"through","start":9523.97,"end":9524.29},{"text":"its","start":9524.29,"end":9524.45},{"text":"domestic","start":9524.45,"end":9524.89},{"text":"and","start":9524.89,"end":9525.01},{"text":"international","start":9525.01,"end":9525.49},{"text":"practice","start":9525.49,"end":9525.97},{"text":"in","start":9525.97,"end":9526.13},{"text":"defending","start":9526.13,"end":9526.57},{"text":"international","start":9526.57,"end":9527.13},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9527.13,"end":9527.69},{"text":"law.","start":9527.69,"end":9527.77}]},{"text":"It also underscores that implementation of international humanitarian law provisions as well as accountability for the violations thereof, ensure no repetition, and deliver justice to victims and survivors.","start":9529.17,"end":9541.37,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9529.17,"end":9529.29},{"text":"also","start":9529.29,"end":9529.45},{"text":"underscores","start":9529.45,"end":9530.13},{"text":"that","start":9530.13,"end":9530.33},{"text":"implementation","start":9530.33,"end":9531.05},{"text":"of","start":9531.05,"end":9531.13},{"text":"international","start":9531.13,"end":9531.73},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9531.73,"end":9532.25},{"text":"law","start":9532.25,"end":9532.33},{"text":"provisions","start":9532.33,"end":9533.17},{"text":"as","start":9533.93,"end":9534.01},{"text":"well","start":9534.01,"end":9534.25},{"text":"as","start":9534.25,"end":9534.41},{"text":"accountability","start":9534.41,"end":9535.21},{"text":"for","start":9535.21,"end":9535.37},{"text":"the","start":9535.37,"end":9535.45},{"text":"violations","start":9535.45,"end":9536.09},{"text":"thereof,","start":9536.09,"end":9536.57},{"text":"ensure","start":9537.77,"end":9538.09},{"text":"no","start":9538.09,"end":9538.25},{"text":"repetition,","start":9538.25,"end":9539.05},{"text":"and","start":9539.05,"end":9539.21},{"text":"deliver","start":9539.21,"end":9539.53},{"text":"justice","start":9539.53,"end":9539.97},{"text":"to","start":9539.97,"end":9540.09},{"text":"victims","start":9540.09,"end":9540.45},{"text":"and","start":9540.45,"end":9540.57},{"text":"survivors.","start":9540.57,"end":9541.37}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":9541.69,"end":9542.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9541.69,"end":9541.93},{"text":"you.","start":9541.93,"end":9542.01}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"GRC","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Greece"}},{"statement_number":61,"start":9543.61,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:39:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Greece for his statement.","start":9543.61,"end":9547.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9543.61,"end":9543.77},{"text":"thank","start":9543.77,"end":9544.05},{"text":"the","start":9544.05,"end":9544.13},{"text":"distinguished","start":9544.13,"end":9544.77},{"text":"representative","start":9544.77,"end":9545.61},{"text":"of","start":9545.61,"end":9545.69},{"text":"Greece","start":9545.69,"end":9546.13},{"text":"for","start":9546.13,"end":9546.33},{"text":"his","start":9546.33,"end":9546.49},{"text":"statement.","start":9546.49,"end":9547.13}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Israel.","start":9547.13,"end":9550.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9547.13,"end":9547.21},{"text":"give","start":9547.21,"end":9547.41},{"text":"the","start":9547.41,"end":9547.53},{"text":"floor","start":9547.53,"end":9547.77},{"text":"to","start":9547.77,"end":9547.93},{"text":"the","start":9547.93,"end":9548.01},{"text":"distinguished","start":9548.01,"end":9548.57},{"text":"representative","start":9548.57,"end":9549.37},{"text":"of","start":9549.37,"end":9549.45},{"text":"Israel.","start":9549.61,"end":9550.09}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":62,"start":9553.05,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:39:14","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":9553.05,"end":9553.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9553.05,"end":9553.21},{"text":"you,","start":9553.21,"end":9553.29},{"text":"Madam","start":9553.29,"end":9553.53},{"text":"Chair.","start":9553.53,"end":9553.93}]},{"text":"As we address the status of the Additional Protocols of the Geneva Conventions and measures to strengthen international humanitarian law, I wish to outline Israel's perspective on the implementation of their customary rules.","start":9555.61,"end":9568.97,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9555.61,"end":9555.85},{"text":"we","start":9555.85,"end":9555.97},{"text":"address","start":9555.97,"end":9556.49},{"text":"the","start":9556.65,"end":9556.77},{"text":"status","start":9556.77,"end":9557.33},{"text":"of","start":9557.33,"end":9557.45},{"text":"the","start":9557.45,"end":9557.57},{"text":"Additional","start":9557.57,"end":9558.01},{"text":"Protocols","start":9558.01,"end":9558.69},{"text":"of","start":9558.69,"end":9558.81},{"text":"the","start":9558.81,"end":9558.89},{"text":"Geneva","start":9558.89,"end":9559.25},{"text":"Conventions","start":9559.25,"end":9560.09},{"text":"and","start":9560.25,"end":9560.45},{"text":"measures","start":9560.45,"end":9560.89},{"text":"to","start":9560.89,"end":9561.01},{"text":"strengthen","start":9561.05,"end":9561.53},{"text":"international","start":9561.53,"end":9562.05},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9562.05,"end":9562.65},{"text":"law,","start":9562.65,"end":9562.97},{"text":"I","start":9563.77,"end":9563.78},{"text":"wish","start":9563.77,"end":9564.25},{"text":"to","start":9564.25,"end":9564.45},{"text":"outline","start":9564.45,"end":9565.13},{"text":"Israel's","start":9565.21,"end":9565.65},{"text":"perspective","start":9565.65,"end":9566.49},{"text":"on","start":9566.49,"end":9566.57},{"text":"the","start":9566.57,"end":9566.65},{"text":"implementation","start":9566.65,"end":9567.61},{"text":"of","start":9567.61,"end":9567.81},{"text":"their","start":9567.81,"end":9567.93},{"text":"customary","start":9567.93,"end":9568.49},{"text":"rules.","start":9568.49,"end":9568.97}]},{"text":"While we are not party to the additional protocols, Israel remains fully committed to adhering to and to implementing the provisions that reflect customary international law, particularly the fundamental rules governing the conduct of hostilities, distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack, even during unprecedented security challenges.","start":9571.29,"end":9592.65,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":9571.29,"end":9571.85},{"text":"we","start":9571.85,"end":9572.05},{"text":"are","start":9572.05,"end":9572.13},{"text":"not","start":9572.13,"end":9572.33},{"text":"party","start":9572.33,"end":9572.97},{"text":"to","start":9572.97,"end":9573.13},{"text":"the","start":9573.13,"end":9573.25},{"text":"additional","start":9573.25,"end":9573.65},{"text":"protocols,","start":9573.65,"end":9574.41},{"text":"Israel","start":9574.73,"end":9575.05},{"text":"remains","start":9575.05,"end":9575.53},{"text":"fully","start":9575.53,"end":9575.77},{"text":"committed","start":9575.77,"end":9576.41},{"text":"to","start":9576.57,"end":9576.77},{"text":"adhering","start":9576.77,"end":9577.21},{"text":"to","start":9577.21,"end":9577.61},{"text":"and","start":9577.61,"end":9577.81},{"text":"to","start":9577.81,"end":9577.89},{"text":"implementing","start":9577.89,"end":9578.65},{"text":"the","start":9578.73,"end":9578.89},{"text":"provisions","start":9578.89,"end":9579.53},{"text":"that","start":9579.53,"end":9579.69},{"text":"reflect","start":9579.69,"end":9580.17},{"text":"customary","start":9580.17,"end":9580.69},{"text":"international","start":9580.69,"end":9581.49},{"text":"law,","start":9581.49,"end":9581.57},{"text":"particularly","start":9582.25,"end":9583.21},{"text":"the","start":9583.21,"end":9583.33},{"text":"fundamental","start":9583.33,"end":9583.93},{"text":"rules","start":9583.93,"end":9584.25},{"text":"governing","start":9584.25,"end":9584.73},{"text":"the","start":9584.73,"end":9584.81},{"text":"conduct","start":9584.81,"end":9585.29},{"text":"of","start":9585.29,"end":9585.37},{"text":"hostilities,","start":9585.37,"end":9586.09},{"text":"distinction,","start":9586.45,"end":9587.21},{"text":"proportionality,","start":9587.29,"end":9588.33},{"text":"and","start":9588.65,"end":9588.85},{"text":"precautions","start":9588.85,"end":9589.41},{"text":"in","start":9589.41,"end":9589.53},{"text":"attack,","start":9589.53,"end":9589.93},{"text":"even","start":9590.09,"end":9590.41},{"text":"during","start":9590.41,"end":9590.73},{"text":"unprecedented","start":9590.73,"end":9591.53},{"text":"security","start":9591.53,"end":9592.01},{"text":"challenges.","start":9592.01,"end":9592.65}]},{"text":"At the same time, Israel wishes to emphasize that a significant number of provisions within the Additional Protocols do not reflect customary international law and are therefore not binding as custom.","start":9594.33,"end":9606.09,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":9594.33,"end":9594.49},{"text":"the","start":9594.49,"end":9594.57},{"text":"same","start":9594.57,"end":9594.81},{"text":"time,","start":9594.81,"end":9595.29},{"text":"Israel","start":9595.93,"end":9596.33},{"text":"wishes","start":9596.33,"end":9596.73},{"text":"to","start":9596.73,"end":9596.85},{"text":"emphasize","start":9596.85,"end":9597.61},{"text":"that","start":9597.85,"end":9598.05},{"text":"a","start":9598.05,"end":9598.09},{"text":"significant","start":9598.09,"end":9598.69},{"text":"number","start":9598.69,"end":9599.13},{"text":"of","start":9599.13,"end":9599.25},{"text":"provisions","start":9599.25,"end":9599.85},{"text":"within","start":9599.85,"end":9600.29},{"text":"the","start":9600.29,"end":9600.37},{"text":"Additional","start":9600.37,"end":9600.73},{"text":"Protocols","start":9600.73,"end":9601.29},{"text":"do","start":9601.29,"end":9601.45},{"text":"not","start":9601.45,"end":9601.69},{"text":"reflect","start":9601.69,"end":9602.09},{"text":"customary","start":9602.09,"end":9602.53},{"text":"international","start":9602.53,"end":9603.09},{"text":"law","start":9603.09,"end":9603.29},{"text":"and","start":9603.69,"end":9603.89},{"text":"are","start":9603.89,"end":9604.01},{"text":"therefore","start":9604.01,"end":9604.57},{"text":"not","start":9604.65,"end":9604.89},{"text":"binding","start":9604.89,"end":9605.45},{"text":"as","start":9605.45,"end":9605.61},{"text":"custom.","start":9605.61,"end":9606.09}]},{"text":"Israel implements rigorous measures to minimize civilian harms during conduct of hostilities despite exceptionally complex operational realities.","start":9608.33,"end":9618.41,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Israel","start":9608.33,"end":9608.73},{"text":"implements","start":9608.73,"end":9609.37},{"text":"rigorous","start":9609.37,"end":9609.77},{"text":"measures","start":9609.77,"end":9610.81},{"text":"to","start":9611.05,"end":9611.13},{"text":"minimize","start":9611.13,"end":9611.65},{"text":"civilian","start":9611.65,"end":9612.09},{"text":"harms","start":9612.09,"end":9612.57},{"text":"during","start":9612.57,"end":9612.89},{"text":"conduct","start":9612.89,"end":9613.29},{"text":"of","start":9613.29,"end":9613.37},{"text":"hostilities","start":9613.37,"end":9614.17},{"text":"despite","start":9614.41,"end":9615.45},{"text":"exceptionally","start":9615.53,"end":9616.57},{"text":"complex","start":9616.57,"end":9617.13},{"text":"operational","start":9617.13,"end":9617.73},{"text":"realities.","start":9617.73,"end":9618.41}]},{"text":"But we must also address the growing structural threat posed by systematic misuse and weaponization of IHL by non-state armed groups, including terrorist 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organizations such as ISIS, Boko Haram, Hamas, and Hezbollah, as well as state sponsors of terror such the Islamic Republic of Iran, which actively fund, arm, and direct them systematically violent even the most basic legal 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deliberately embedding themselves within the civilian population, using human shields for strategic advantage, and exploiting legal protections to shield military assets, these actors cynically manipulate legal mechanisms to undermine the very framework of the international law.","start":9650.81,"end":9668.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":9650.81,"end":9651.05},{"text":"deliberately","start":9651.05,"end":9651.97},{"text":"embedding","start":9651.97,"end":9652.41},{"text":"themselves","start":9652.41,"end":9653.05},{"text":"within","start":9653.13,"end":9653.77},{"text":"the","start":9653.77,"end":9653.93},{"text":"civilian","start":9653.93,"end":9654.33},{"text":"population,","start":9654.33,"end":9655.13},{"text":"using","start":9655.21,"end":9655.65},{"text":"human","start":9655.65,"end":9655.93},{"text":"shields","start":9655.93,"end":9656.49},{"text":"for","start":9656.57,"end":9656.89},{"text":"strategic","start":9656.89,"end":9657.37},{"text":"advantage,","start":9657.37,"end":9658.01},{"text":"and","start":9658.25,"end":9658.45},{"text":"exploiting","start":9658.45,"end":9659.21},{"text":"legal","start":9659.21,"end":9659.53},{"text":"protections","start":9659.53,"end":9660.57},{"text":"to","start":9660.57,"end":9660.69},{"text":"shield","start":9660.73,"end":9661.13},{"text":"military","start":9661.29,"end":9661.85},{"text":"assets,","start":9661.85,"end":9662.41},{"text":"these","start":9662.65,"end":9663.05},{"text":"actors","start":9663.05,"end":9663.49},{"text":"cynically","start":9663.49,"end":9664.01},{"text":"manipulate","start":9664.01,"end":9664.61},{"text":"legal","start":9664.61,"end":9664.89},{"text":"mechanisms","start":9664.89,"end":9665.53},{"text":"to","start":9665.53,"end":9665.69},{"text":"undermine","start":9665.69,"end":9666.25},{"text":"the","start":9666.25,"end":9666.33},{"text":"very","start":9666.33,"end":9666.57},{"text":"framework","start":9666.57,"end":9667.09},{"text":"of","start":9667.09,"end":9667.17},{"text":"the","start":9667.17,"end":9667.25},{"text":"international","start":9667.25,"end":9667.97},{"text":"law.","start":9667.97,"end":9668.05}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, we cannot turn a blind eye to the reality of how these terror groups operate.","start":9669.53,"end":9674.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9669.53,"end":9669.85},{"text":"Chair,","start":9669.85,"end":9670.17},{"text":"we","start":9670.81,"end":9671.01},{"text":"cannot","start":9671.01,"end":9671.29},{"text":"turn","start":9671.29,"end":9671.53},{"text":"a","start":9671.53,"end":9671.57},{"text":"blind","start":9671.57,"end":9671.93},{"text":"eye","start":9671.93,"end":9672.17},{"text":"to","start":9672.25,"end":9672.41},{"text":"the","start":9672.41,"end":9672.49},{"text":"reality","start":9672.49,"end":9672.97},{"text":"of","start":9672.97,"end":9673.21},{"text":"how","start":9673.21,"end":9673.45},{"text":"these","start":9673.45,"end":9673.69},{"text":"terror","start":9673.69,"end":9673.93},{"text":"groups","start":9673.93,"end":9674.17},{"text":"operate.","start":9674.17,"end":9674.73}]},{"text":"Hamas and Hezbollah subject the civilian population under their control to daily suffering.","start":9675.33,"end":9680.05,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Hamas","start":9675.33,"end":9675.61},{"text":"and","start":9675.61,"end":9675.77},{"text":"Hezbollah","start":9675.77,"end":9676.37},{"text":"subject","start":9676.53,"end":9677.05},{"text":"the","start":9677.05,"end":9677.13},{"text":"civilian","start":9677.13,"end":9677.49},{"text":"population","start":9677.49,"end":9678.05},{"text":"under","start":9678.05,"end":9678.41},{"text":"their","start":9678.41,"end":9678.53},{"text":"control","start":9678.53,"end":9679.01},{"text":"to","start":9679.01,"end":9679.17},{"text":"daily","start":9679.17,"end":9679.49},{"text":"suffering.","start":9679.49,"end":9680.05}]},{"text":"By launching terrorist and rocket attacks from homes, schoolyards, and hospitals, they commit a dual war crime.","start":9680.93,"end":9687.25,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"By","start":9680.93,"end":9681.13},{"text":"launching","start":9681.13,"end":9681.57},{"text":"terrorist","start":9681.57,"end":9682.01},{"text":"and","start":9682.01,"end":9682.17},{"text":"rocket","start":9682.17,"end":9682.45},{"text":"attacks","start":9682.45,"end":9682.89},{"text":"from","start":9682.89,"end":9683.09},{"text":"homes,","start":9683.09,"end":9683.57},{"text":"schoolyards,","start":9683.73,"end":9684.53},{"text":"and","start":9684.53,"end":9684.69},{"text":"hospitals,","start":9684.69,"end":9685.33},{"text":"they","start":9685.49,"end":9685.65},{"text":"commit","start":9685.65,"end":9686.01},{"text":"a","start":9686.01,"end":9686.05},{"text":"dual","start":9686.05,"end":9686.53},{"text":"war","start":9686.53,"end":9686.77},{"text":"crime.","start":9686.77,"end":9687.25}]},{"text":"Deliberately target Israeli civilians while intentionally exposing their own population to grave harm.","start":9688.13,"end":9693.57,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Deliberately","start":9688.13,"end":9688.73},{"text":"target","start":9688.73,"end":9689.09},{"text":"Israeli","start":9689.09,"end":9689.49},{"text":"civilians","start":9689.49,"end":9690.17},{"text":"while","start":9690.17,"end":9690.45},{"text":"intentionally","start":9690.45,"end":9691.13},{"text":"exposing","start":9691.13,"end":9691.65},{"text":"their","start":9691.65,"end":9691.81},{"text":"own","start":9691.81,"end":9692.13},{"text":"population","start":9692.13,"end":9692.77},{"text":"to","start":9692.77,"end":9692.93},{"text":"grave","start":9692.93,"end":9693.25},{"text":"harm.","start":9693.25,"end":9693.57}]},{"text":"They treat human lives as disposable pawns in cynical campaigns designed to manipulate international legal mechanisms, totally rejecting humanitarian principles.","start":9694.69,"end":9703.49,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9694.69,"end":9694.85},{"text":"treat","start":9694.85,"end":9695.17},{"text":"human","start":9695.17,"end":9695.41},{"text":"lives","start":9695.41,"end":9695.81},{"text":"as","start":9695.81,"end":9695.97},{"text":"disposable","start":9695.97,"end":9696.61},{"text":"pawns","start":9696.61,"end":9697.01},{"text":"in","start":9697.01,"end":9697.09},{"text":"cynical","start":9697.09,"end":9697.49},{"text":"campaigns","start":9697.49,"end":9698.09},{"text":"designed","start":9698.09,"end":9698.57},{"text":"to","start":9698.57,"end":9698.65},{"text":"manipulate","start":9698.65,"end":9699.25},{"text":"international","start":9699.25,"end":9699.85},{"text":"legal","start":9699.85,"end":9700.13},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":9700.13,"end":9700.85},{"text":"totally","start":9701.09,"end":9701.57},{"text":"rejecting","start":9701.57,"end":9702.17},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9702.17,"end":9702.77},{"text":"principles.","start":9702.77,"end":9703.49}]},{"text":"Still, Israel's commitment to IHL remains steadfast in the face of these challenges, which pose a profound operational and legal dilemma for all law-abiding nations.","start":9704.97,"end":9714.81,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Still,","start":9704.97,"end":9705.29},{"text":"Israel's","start":9705.77,"end":9706.25},{"text":"commitment","start":9706.25,"end":9706.69},{"text":"to","start":9706.69,"end":9706.81},{"text":"IHL","start":9706.81,"end":9707.29},{"text":"remains","start":9707.29,"end":9707.73},{"text":"steadfast","start":9707.73,"end":9708.41},{"text":"in","start":9708.65,"end":9708.77},{"text":"the","start":9708.77,"end":9708.85},{"text":"face","start":9708.85,"end":9709.25},{"text":"of","start":9709.25,"end":9709.37},{"text":"these","start":9709.37,"end":9709.61},{"text":"challenges,","start":9709.61,"end":9710.25},{"text":"which","start":9710.33,"end":9710.65},{"text":"pose","start":9710.65,"end":9711.09},{"text":"a","start":9711.09,"end":9711.13},{"text":"profound","start":9711.13,"end":9711.61},{"text":"operational","start":9711.61,"end":9712.13},{"text":"and","start":9712.13,"end":9712.25},{"text":"legal","start":9712.25,"end":9712.49},{"text":"dilemma","start":9712.49,"end":9713.05},{"text":"for","start":9713.13,"end":9713.57},{"text":"all","start":9713.57,"end":9713.65},{"text":"law-abiding","start":9713.65,"end":9714.17},{"text":"nations.","start":9714.17,"end":9714.81}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the complexities of modern warfare require that IHL be applied in a manner that reflects the operational realities of systematic warfare while preserving the fundamental principles governing the conduct of hostilities.","start":9716.57,"end":9730.41,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9716.57,"end":9716.81},{"text":"Chair,","start":9716.81,"end":9717.21},{"text":"the","start":9717.93,"end":9718.05},{"text":"complexities","start":9718.05,"end":9718.89},{"text":"of","start":9718.89,"end":9718.97},{"text":"modern","start":9718.97,"end":9719.29},{"text":"warfare","start":9719.29,"end":9719.93},{"text":"require","start":9719.93,"end":9720.45},{"text":"that","start":9720.45,"end":9720.65},{"text":"IHL","start":9720.65,"end":9721.21},{"text":"be","start":9721.21,"end":9721.37},{"text":"applied","start":9721.37,"end":9721.85},{"text":"in","start":9721.85,"end":9721.97},{"text":"a","start":9721.97,"end":9722.01},{"text":"manner","start":9722.01,"end":9722.49},{"text":"that","start":9722.57,"end":9722.77},{"text":"reflects","start":9722.77,"end":9723.85},{"text":"the","start":9723.85,"end":9723.97},{"text":"operational","start":9723.97,"end":9724.65},{"text":"realities","start":9724.65,"end":9725.29},{"text":"of","start":9725.37,"end":9725.53},{"text":"systematic","start":9725.53,"end":9726.09},{"text":"warfare","start":9726.09,"end":9726.65},{"text":"while","start":9726.65,"end":9726.89},{"text":"preserving","start":9726.89,"end":9727.53},{"text":"the","start":9727.53,"end":9727.61},{"text":"fundamental","start":9727.61,"end":9728.17},{"text":"principles","start":9728.17,"end":9728.73},{"text":"governing","start":9728.73,"end":9729.21},{"text":"the","start":9729.21,"end":9729.29},{"text":"conduct","start":9729.29,"end":9729.65},{"text":"of","start":9729.65,"end":9729.77},{"text":"hostilities.","start":9729.77,"end":9730.41}]},{"text":"IHL is crucial for maintaining the delicate balance between humanitarian considerations and military necessity.","start":9731.77,"end":9737.53,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"IHL","start":9731.77,"end":9732.01},{"text":"is","start":9732.01,"end":9732.17},{"text":"crucial","start":9732.17,"end":9732.65},{"text":"for","start":9732.65,"end":9732.85},{"text":"maintaining","start":9732.85,"end":9733.53},{"text":"the","start":9733.53,"end":9733.61},{"text":"delicate","start":9733.61,"end":9734.01},{"text":"balance","start":9734.01,"end":9734.49},{"text":"between","start":9734.49,"end":9734.73},{"text":"humanitarian","start":9734.73,"end":9735.29},{"text":"considerations","start":9735.29,"end":9736.17},{"text":"and","start":9736.33,"end":9736.49},{"text":"military","start":9736.49,"end":9736.89},{"text":"necessity.","start":9736.89,"end":9737.53}]},{"text":"In this regard, when seeking to interpret or identify these rules, both in context of treaty law and customary international law, the relevant practice of state engage in asymmetric warfare is crucial.","start":9738.73,"end":9753.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9738.73,"end":9738.89},{"text":"this","start":9738.89,"end":9739.09},{"text":"regard,","start":9739.09,"end":9739.61},{"text":"when","start":9739.81,"end":9740.09},{"text":"seeking","start":9740.09,"end":9740.57},{"text":"to","start":9740.57,"end":9741.45},{"text":"interpret","start":9741.69,"end":9744.09},{"text":"or","start":9744.09,"end":9744.29},{"text":"identify","start":9744.29,"end":9744.97},{"text":"these","start":9744.97,"end":9745.21},{"text":"rules,","start":9745.21,"end":9745.61},{"text":"both","start":9745.93,"end":9746.25},{"text":"in","start":9746.25,"end":9746.41},{"text":"context","start":9746.41,"end":9746.85},{"text":"of","start":9746.85,"end":9746.97},{"text":"treaty","start":9746.97,"end":9747.29},{"text":"law","start":9747.29,"end":9747.61},{"text":"and","start":9747.61,"end":9747.77},{"text":"customary","start":9747.77,"end":9748.29},{"text":"international","start":9748.29,"end":9749.05},{"text":"law,","start":9749.05,"end":9749.13},{"text":"the","start":9749.45,"end":9749.57},{"text":"relevant","start":9749.57,"end":9749.97},{"text":"practice","start":9749.97,"end":9750.49},{"text":"of","start":9750.49,"end":9750.65},{"text":"state","start":9750.65,"end":9751.05},{"text":"engage","start":9751.05,"end":9751.49},{"text":"in","start":9751.49,"end":9751.65},{"text":"asymmetric","start":9751.65,"end":9752.21},{"text":"warfare","start":9752.21,"end":9752.73},{"text":"is","start":9752.81,"end":9753.05},{"text":"crucial.","start":9753.05,"end":9753.53}]},{"text":"Madam Chair.","start":9755.13,"end":9755.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9755.13,"end":9755.45},{"text":"Chair.","start":9755.45,"end":9755.77}]},{"text":"Israel's efforts to ensure full compliance with IHL are uncompromising, robust, and institutionalized across all levels of command.","start":9756.73,"end":9765.85,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Israel's","start":9756.73,"end":9757.13},{"text":"efforts","start":9757.13,"end":9757.53},{"text":"to","start":9757.53,"end":9757.65},{"text":"ensure","start":9757.65,"end":9758.17},{"text":"full","start":9758.17,"end":9758.49},{"text":"compliance","start":9758.49,"end":9759.13},{"text":"with","start":9759.13,"end":9759.29},{"text":"IHL","start":9759.37,"end":9760.01},{"text":"are","start":9760.33,"end":9760.41},{"text":"uncompromising,","start":9760.41,"end":9761.69},{"text":"robust,","start":9761.93,"end":9762.57},{"text":"and","start":9762.57,"end":9763.01},{"text":"institutionalized","start":9763.05,"end":9764.13},{"text":"across","start":9764.13,"end":9764.49},{"text":"all","start":9764.49,"end":9764.69},{"text":"levels","start":9764.69,"end":9765.13},{"text":"of","start":9765.13,"end":9765.29},{"text":"command.","start":9765.29,"end":9765.85}]},{"text":"The IDF maintains standing orders which give effect to the rule of international law governing attack, sensitive sites, advanced warning, and related operation matters.","start":9766.73,"end":9779.13,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9766.73,"end":9766.85},{"text":"IDF","start":9766.85,"end":9767.29},{"text":"maintains","start":9767.29,"end":9768.01},{"text":"standing","start":9768.49,"end":9769.13},{"text":"orders","start":9769.13,"end":9769.69},{"text":"which","start":9770.29,"end":9772.09},{"text":"give","start":9772.09,"end":9772.33},{"text":"effect","start":9772.33,"end":9772.77},{"text":"to","start":9772.77,"end":9772.85},{"text":"the","start":9772.85,"end":9772.93},{"text":"rule","start":9772.93,"end":9773.41},{"text":"of","start":9773.41,"end":9773.53},{"text":"international","start":9773.53,"end":9774.13},{"text":"law","start":9774.13,"end":9774.33},{"text":"governing","start":9774.33,"end":9774.81},{"text":"attack,","start":9774.81,"end":9775.21},{"text":"sensitive","start":9775.45,"end":9775.93},{"text":"sites,","start":9775.93,"end":9776.41},{"text":"advanced","start":9776.49,"end":9777.01},{"text":"warning,","start":9777.01,"end":9777.45},{"text":"and","start":9777.45,"end":9777.65},{"text":"related","start":9777.65,"end":9778.09},{"text":"operation","start":9778.09,"end":9778.61},{"text":"matters.","start":9778.61,"end":9779.13}]},{"text":"The IDF trains military personnel across all ranks for the deliberate complexities created by terrorist organization, and its operations are guided by a real-time independent legal advice on IHL.","start":9780.49,"end":9791.29,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9780.49,"end":9780.53},{"text":"IDF","start":9780.53,"end":9780.89},{"text":"trains","start":9780.89,"end":9781.29},{"text":"military","start":9781.29,"end":9781.73},{"text":"personnel","start":9781.73,"end":9782.21},{"text":"across","start":9782.21,"end":9782.65},{"text":"all","start":9782.65,"end":9782.81},{"text":"ranks","start":9782.81,"end":9783.29},{"text":"for","start":9783.37,"end":9783.61},{"text":"the","start":9783.61,"end":9783.69},{"text":"deliberate","start":9783.69,"end":9784.09},{"text":"complexities","start":9784.09,"end":9784.89},{"text":"created","start":9784.89,"end":9785.21},{"text":"by","start":9785.21,"end":9785.37},{"text":"terrorist","start":9785.37,"end":9785.69},{"text":"organization,","start":9785.69,"end":9786.41},{"text":"and","start":9786.57,"end":9786.77},{"text":"its","start":9786.77,"end":9786.89},{"text":"operations","start":9786.89,"end":9787.53},{"text":"are","start":9787.53,"end":9787.69},{"text":"guided","start":9787.69,"end":9788.09},{"text":"by","start":9788.09,"end":9788.21},{"text":"a","start":9788.21,"end":9788.25},{"text":"real-time","start":9788.25,"end":9788.85},{"text":"independent","start":9788.85,"end":9789.61},{"text":"legal","start":9789.69,"end":9790.01},{"text":"advice","start":9790.01,"end":9790.57},{"text":"on","start":9790.57,"end":9790.73},{"text":"IHL.","start":9790.73,"end":9791.29}]},{"text":"This is complemented by remastered multi-layered investigative and legal mechanisms subject to civilian oversight, including judicial review by Israeli Supreme Court, even while hostilities are ongoing.","start":9794.49,"end":9806.81,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9794.49,"end":9794.73},{"text":"is","start":9794.73,"end":9794.89},{"text":"complemented","start":9794.89,"end":9795.61},{"text":"by","start":9795.61,"end":9795.73},{"text":"remastered","start":9795.73,"end":9796.33},{"text":"multi-layered","start":9796.33,"end":9797.05},{"text":"investigative","start":9797.05,"end":9798.09},{"text":"and","start":9798.17,"end":9798.41},{"text":"legal","start":9798.41,"end":9798.65},{"text":"mechanisms","start":9798.65,"end":9799.33},{"text":"subject","start":9799.33,"end":9799.73},{"text":"to","start":9799.73,"end":9799.81},{"text":"civilian","start":9799.81,"end":9800.25},{"text":"oversight,","start":9800.25,"end":9800.89},{"text":"including","start":9800.89,"end":9801.29},{"text":"judicial","start":9801.29,"end":9801.69},{"text":"review","start":9801.69,"end":9802.09},{"text":"by","start":9802.09,"end":9802.25},{"text":"Israeli","start":9802.25,"end":9802.65},{"text":"Supreme","start":9802.65,"end":9803.05},{"text":"Court,","start":9803.05,"end":9803.45},{"text":"even","start":9803.69,"end":9804.01},{"text":"while","start":9804.01,"end":9804.65},{"text":"hostilities","start":9805.29,"end":9806.09},{"text":"are","start":9806.09,"end":9806.25},{"text":"ongoing.","start":9806.25,"end":9806.81}]},{"text":"This level of the judicial review is internationally recognized and unique in its scope.","start":9807.73,"end":9813.57,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9807.73,"end":9807.89},{"text":"level","start":9807.89,"end":9808.17},{"text":"of","start":9808.17,"end":9808.29},{"text":"the","start":9808.29,"end":9808.37},{"text":"judicial","start":9808.37,"end":9808.81},{"text":"review","start":9808.81,"end":9809.33},{"text":"is","start":9809.65,"end":9809.81},{"text":"internationally","start":9809.81,"end":9811.77},{"text":"recognized","start":9811.77,"end":9812.37},{"text":"and","start":9812.37,"end":9812.49},{"text":"unique","start":9812.49,"end":9812.93},{"text":"in","start":9812.93,"end":9813.09},{"text":"its","start":9813.09,"end":9813.21},{"text":"scope.","start":9813.21,"end":9813.57}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, as we recently underlined by the ILC state practice, accompanied by opinio juris, remains fundamental for identifying customary international law.","start":9815.33,"end":9825.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9815.33,"end":9815.65},{"text":"Chair,","start":9815.65,"end":9815.97},{"text":"as","start":9817.09,"end":9817.25},{"text":"we","start":9817.25,"end":9817.33},{"text":"recently","start":9817.33,"end":9817.73},{"text":"underlined","start":9817.73,"end":9818.29},{"text":"by","start":9818.29,"end":9818.45},{"text":"the","start":9818.45,"end":9818.57},{"text":"ILC","start":9818.57,"end":9819.09},{"text":"state","start":9819.09,"end":9819.41},{"text":"practice,","start":9819.41,"end":9820.05},{"text":"accompanied","start":9820.29,"end":9820.85},{"text":"by","start":9820.85,"end":9821.01},{"text":"opinio","start":9821.01,"end":9821.41},{"text":"juris,","start":9821.41,"end":9821.81},{"text":"remains","start":9821.89,"end":9822.45},{"text":"fundamental","start":9822.45,"end":9823.09},{"text":"for","start":9823.09,"end":9823.29},{"text":"identifying","start":9823.29,"end":9823.89},{"text":"customary","start":9823.89,"end":9824.41},{"text":"international","start":9824.41,"end":9825.13},{"text":"law.","start":9825.13,"end":9825.21}]},{"text":"When assessing the generality of custom, an indispensable factor is the extent to which those states particularly involved in the relevant activity or are most affected by a specific rule have participated in this practice.","start":9826.09,"end":9840.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":9826.09,"end":9826.33},{"text":"assessing","start":9826.33,"end":9827.01},{"text":"the","start":9827.09,"end":9827.25},{"text":"generality","start":9827.25,"end":9828.29},{"text":"of","start":9828.45,"end":9828.69},{"text":"custom,","start":9828.69,"end":9829.25},{"text":"an","start":9829.61,"end":9829.81},{"text":"indispensable","start":9829.81,"end":9830.57},{"text":"factor","start":9830.57,"end":9831.09},{"text":"is","start":9831.33,"end":9831.57},{"text":"the","start":9831.57,"end":9831.69},{"text":"extent","start":9831.69,"end":9832.29},{"text":"to","start":9832.45,"end":9832.57},{"text":"which","start":9832.57,"end":9833.01},{"text":"those","start":9833.01,"end":9833.25},{"text":"states","start":9833.25,"end":9833.49},{"text":"particularly","start":9833.49,"end":9834.17},{"text":"involved","start":9834.17,"end":9834.69},{"text":"in","start":9834.69,"end":9834.81},{"text":"the","start":9834.81,"end":9834.89},{"text":"relevant","start":9834.89,"end":9835.37},{"text":"activity","start":9835.37,"end":9836.05},{"text":"or","start":9836.29,"end":9836.69},{"text":"are","start":9836.85,"end":9837.01},{"text":"most","start":9837.01,"end":9837.25},{"text":"affected","start":9837.25,"end":9837.73},{"text":"by","start":9837.73,"end":9837.85},{"text":"a","start":9837.85,"end":9837.89},{"text":"specific","start":9837.89,"end":9838.45},{"text":"rule","start":9838.45,"end":9838.73},{"text":"have","start":9838.73,"end":9838.85},{"text":"participated","start":9838.85,"end":9839.73},{"text":"in","start":9839.73,"end":9839.89},{"text":"this","start":9839.89,"end":9840.05},{"text":"practice.","start":9840.05,"end":9840.53}]},{"text":"Accordingly, when identifying customary IHL, the practice of states directly engaged in hostilities, including the practice of their national courts on the matter, carries unique weight.","start":9841.81,"end":9854.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Accordingly,","start":9841.81,"end":9842.53},{"text":"when","start":9842.85,"end":9843.13},{"text":"identifying","start":9843.13,"end":9843.73},{"text":"customary","start":9843.73,"end":9844.29},{"text":"IHL,","start":9844.29,"end":9844.85},{"text":"the","start":9844.85,"end":9845.09},{"text":"practice","start":9845.09,"end":9845.49},{"text":"of","start":9845.49,"end":9845.57},{"text":"states","start":9845.57,"end":9846.37},{"text":"directly","start":9846.37,"end":9846.93},{"text":"engaged","start":9846.93,"end":9847.25},{"text":"in","start":9847.25,"end":9847.41},{"text":"hostilities,","start":9847.41,"end":9848.05},{"text":"including","start":9848.29,"end":9849.01},{"text":"the","start":9849.25,"end":9849.41},{"text":"practice","start":9849.41,"end":9849.89},{"text":"of","start":9849.89,"end":9850.05},{"text":"their","start":9850.05,"end":9850.21},{"text":"national","start":9850.21,"end":9850.77},{"text":"courts","start":9850.77,"end":9851.17},{"text":"on","start":9851.17,"end":9851.33},{"text":"the","start":9851.33,"end":9851.41},{"text":"matter,","start":9851.41,"end":9852.45},{"text":"carries","start":9853.41,"end":9853.89},{"text":"unique","start":9853.89,"end":9854.21},{"text":"weight.","start":9854.21,"end":9854.61}]},{"text":"Customary IHL cannot be determined in isolation from very state whose practice form is its legal foundation.","start":9855.73,"end":9862.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Customary","start":9855.73,"end":9856.17},{"text":"IHL","start":9856.17,"end":9856.61},{"text":"cannot","start":9856.61,"end":9856.97},{"text":"be","start":9856.97,"end":9857.09},{"text":"determined","start":9857.09,"end":9857.65},{"text":"in","start":9857.65,"end":9857.81},{"text":"isolation","start":9857.81,"end":9858.53},{"text":"from","start":9858.53,"end":9858.69},{"text":"very","start":9858.69,"end":9858.93},{"text":"state","start":9858.93,"end":9859.33},{"text":"whose","start":9859.33,"end":9859.65},{"text":"practice","start":9859.65,"end":9860.13},{"text":"form","start":9860.13,"end":9860.45},{"text":"is","start":9860.69,"end":9861.01},{"text":"its","start":9861.09,"end":9861.41},{"text":"legal","start":9861.41,"end":9861.77},{"text":"foundation.","start":9861.77,"end":9862.45}]},{"text":"Expanding, changing, or avoiding well-established legal norms through arbitrary reinterpretation must be avoided.","start":9863.89,"end":9871.41,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Expanding,","start":9863.89,"end":9864.69},{"text":"changing,","start":9864.85,"end":9865.41},{"text":"or","start":9865.41,"end":9865.69},{"text":"avoiding","start":9865.69,"end":9866.13},{"text":"well-established","start":9866.13,"end":9866.85},{"text":"legal","start":9866.85,"end":9867.09},{"text":"norms","start":9867.09,"end":9867.49},{"text":"through","start":9867.57,"end":9867.81},{"text":"arbitrary","start":9867.81,"end":9869.17},{"text":"reinterpretation","start":9869.17,"end":9870.13},{"text":"must","start":9870.37,"end":9870.69},{"text":"be","start":9870.69,"end":9870.81},{"text":"avoided.","start":9870.81,"end":9871.41}]},{"text":"The scope and evaluation of international law dependent on genuine state consent, established practice, and opinio juris.","start":9871.81,"end":9879.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9871.81,"end":9871.97},{"text":"scope","start":9871.97,"end":9872.53},{"text":"and","start":9872.69,"end":9872.85},{"text":"evaluation","start":9872.85,"end":9873.45},{"text":"of","start":9873.45,"end":9873.57},{"text":"international","start":9873.57,"end":9874.25},{"text":"law","start":9874.25,"end":9874.37},{"text":"dependent","start":9874.37,"end":9875.09},{"text":"on","start":9875.41,"end":9875.65},{"text":"genuine","start":9875.65,"end":9876.13},{"text":"state","start":9876.13,"end":9876.45},{"text":"consent,","start":9876.45,"end":9877.01},{"text":"established","start":9877.01,"end":9877.57},{"text":"practice,","start":9877.57,"end":9878.05},{"text":"and","start":9878.05,"end":9878.29},{"text":"opinio","start":9878.29,"end":9878.69},{"text":"juris.","start":9878.69,"end":9879.09}]},{"text":"Any efforts to interpret these norms, including the upcoming commentary on Additional Protocol I, must be grounded in meaningful and transparent consultations with states and proper consideration of their practice and views.","start":9880.41,"end":9895.05,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":9880.41,"end":9880.57},{"text":"efforts","start":9880.57,"end":9881.13},{"text":"to","start":9881.45,"end":9881.61},{"text":"interpret","start":9881.61,"end":9882.81},{"text":"these","start":9882.81,"end":9883.13},{"text":"norms,","start":9883.13,"end":9883.53},{"text":"including","start":9883.53,"end":9884.17},{"text":"the","start":9884.41,"end":9884.61},{"text":"upcoming","start":9884.65,"end":9885.21},{"text":"commentary","start":9885.21,"end":9885.77},{"text":"on","start":9885.77,"end":9885.89},{"text":"Additional","start":9885.89,"end":9886.25},{"text":"Protocol","start":9886.25,"end":9886.81},{"text":"I,","start":9886.81,"end":9886.85},{"text":"must","start":9887.45,"end":9887.73},{"text":"be","start":9887.73,"end":9887.85},{"text":"grounded","start":9887.85,"end":9888.41},{"text":"in","start":9888.41,"end":9888.61},{"text":"meaningful","start":9888.61,"end":9889.29},{"text":"and","start":9889.37,"end":9889.57},{"text":"transparent","start":9889.57,"end":9890.49},{"text":"consultations","start":9890.49,"end":9891.29},{"text":"with","start":9891.29,"end":9891.45},{"text":"states","start":9891.45,"end":9891.93},{"text":"and","start":9892.09,"end":9892.29},{"text":"proper","start":9892.29,"end":9892.65},{"text":"consideration","start":9892.65,"end":9893.45},{"text":"of","start":9893.53,"end":9893.77},{"text":"their","start":9893.77,"end":9893.93},{"text":"practice","start":9893.93,"end":9894.41},{"text":"and","start":9894.41,"end":9894.61},{"text":"views.","start":9894.61,"end":9895.05}]},{"text":"Finally, Israel reiterates its longstanding position that the law of armed conflict, including relevant customary rules reflected in Additional Protocols, remain the exclusive governing framework in the situation of armed conflict.","start":9896.57,"end":9909.61,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":9896.57,"end":9897.21},{"text":"Israel","start":9897.37,"end":9897.77},{"text":"reiterates","start":9897.77,"end":9898.33},{"text":"its","start":9898.33,"end":9898.57},{"text":"longstanding","start":9898.57,"end":9899.17},{"text":"position","start":9899.17,"end":9899.77},{"text":"that","start":9899.93,"end":9900.13},{"text":"the","start":9900.13,"end":9900.21},{"text":"law","start":9900.21,"end":9900.37},{"text":"of","start":9900.37,"end":9900.57},{"text":"armed","start":9900.57,"end":9900.77},{"text":"conflict,","start":9900.77,"end":9901.37},{"text":"including","start":9901.37,"end":9901.85},{"text":"relevant","start":9901.85,"end":9902.21},{"text":"customary","start":9902.21,"end":9902.77},{"text":"rules","start":9902.77,"end":9902.97},{"text":"reflected","start":9902.97,"end":9903.53},{"text":"in","start":9903.53,"end":9903.65},{"text":"Additional","start":9903.65,"end":9904.01},{"text":"Protocols,","start":9904.01,"end":9904.57},{"text":"remain","start":9904.73,"end":9905.21},{"text":"the","start":9905.21,"end":9905.29},{"text":"exclusive","start":9905.29,"end":9906.33},{"text":"governing","start":9906.33,"end":9906.81},{"text":"framework","start":9906.81,"end":9907.37},{"text":"in","start":9907.61,"end":9907.77},{"text":"the","start":9907.77,"end":9907.89},{"text":"situation","start":9907.89,"end":9908.65},{"text":"of","start":9908.65,"end":9908.81},{"text":"armed","start":9908.81,"end":9909.05},{"text":"conflict.","start":9909.05,"end":9909.61}]},{"text":"While the relationship between the law of armed conflict and international human rights law remains a subject of debate, what is certainly clear is that international human rights law was not designed to regulate hostilities.","start":9911.33,"end":9923.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":9911.33,"end":9911.57},{"text":"the","start":9911.57,"end":9911.65},{"text":"relationship","start":9911.65,"end":9912.45},{"text":"between","start":9912.45,"end":9912.85},{"text":"the","start":9912.85,"end":9912.93},{"text":"law","start":9912.93,"end":9913.05},{"text":"of","start":9913.05,"end":9913.17},{"text":"armed","start":9913.17,"end":9913.37},{"text":"conflict","start":9913.37,"end":9913.89},{"text":"and","start":9913.89,"end":9914.01},{"text":"international","start":9914.01,"end":9914.49},{"text":"human","start":9914.49,"end":9914.77},{"text":"rights","start":9914.77,"end":9915.09},{"text":"law","start":9915.09,"end":9915.21},{"text":"remains","start":9915.21,"end":9915.73},{"text":"a","start":9915.73,"end":9915.77},{"text":"subject","start":9915.77,"end":9916.45},{"text":"of","start":9916.69,"end":9916.85},{"text":"debate,","start":9916.85,"end":9917.41},{"text":"what","start":9917.65,"end":9918.01},{"text":"is","start":9918.01,"end":9918.21},{"text":"certainly","start":9918.21,"end":9918.77},{"text":"clear","start":9918.77,"end":9919.17},{"text":"is","start":9919.33,"end":9919.45},{"text":"that","start":9919.45,"end":9919.61},{"text":"international","start":9919.61,"end":9920.09},{"text":"human","start":9920.09,"end":9920.37},{"text":"rights","start":9920.37,"end":9920.69},{"text":"law","start":9920.69,"end":9920.97},{"text":"was","start":9920.97,"end":9921.33},{"text":"not","start":9921.33,"end":9921.65},{"text":"designed","start":9921.73,"end":9922.45},{"text":"to","start":9922.53,"end":9922.65},{"text":"regulate","start":9922.65,"end":9923.25},{"text":"hostilities.","start":9923.25,"end":9923.89}]},{"text":"Even under theories of parallel application of both legal regimes, two conflicting rules cannot simultaneously govern the same set of facts.","start":9925.09,"end":9932.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Even","start":9925.09,"end":9925.33},{"text":"under","start":9925.33,"end":9925.57},{"text":"theories","start":9925.57,"end":9926.05},{"text":"of","start":9926.05,"end":9926.21},{"text":"parallel","start":9926.21,"end":9926.57},{"text":"application","start":9926.57,"end":9927.33},{"text":"of","start":9927.33,"end":9927.49},{"text":"both","start":9927.49,"end":9927.77},{"text":"legal","start":9927.77,"end":9928.05},{"text":"regimes,","start":9928.05,"end":9928.53},{"text":"two","start":9928.93,"end":9929.17},{"text":"conflicting","start":9929.17,"end":9929.81},{"text":"rules","start":9929.81,"end":9930.13},{"text":"cannot","start":9930.13,"end":9930.37},{"text":"simultaneously","start":9930.37,"end":9931.25},{"text":"govern","start":9931.25,"end":9931.65},{"text":"the","start":9931.65,"end":9931.73},{"text":"same","start":9931.73,"end":9931.97},{"text":"set","start":9931.97,"end":9932.29},{"text":"of","start":9932.29,"end":9932.37},{"text":"facts.","start":9932.37,"end":9932.85}]},{"text":"Therefore, whether treaty-based or customary, the law of armed conflict constitutes the applicable lex specialis governing the conduct of hostilities.","start":9933.57,"end":9943.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Therefore,","start":9933.57,"end":9934.05},{"text":"whether","start":9934.21,"end":9934.61},{"text":"treaty-based","start":9934.61,"end":9935.25},{"text":"or","start":9935.25,"end":9935.41},{"text":"customary,","start":9935.41,"end":9936.05},{"text":"the","start":9936.29,"end":9936.41},{"text":"law","start":9936.41,"end":9936.57},{"text":"of","start":9936.57,"end":9936.69},{"text":"armed","start":9936.69,"end":9936.93},{"text":"conflict","start":9936.93,"end":9937.33},{"text":"constitutes","start":9937.33,"end":9938.97},{"text":"the","start":9938.97,"end":9939.05},{"text":"applicable","start":9939.05,"end":9939.53},{"text":"lex","start":9939.53,"end":9939.89},{"text":"specialis","start":9939.89,"end":9940.37},{"text":"governing","start":9940.53,"end":9941.17},{"text":"the","start":9941.41,"end":9941.73},{"text":"conduct","start":9941.73,"end":9942.29},{"text":"of","start":9942.29,"end":9942.37},{"text":"hostilities.","start":9942.37,"end":9943.01}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, furthermore, the application of law of armed conflict across different operational domains, including outer space and cyberspace, require rigorous legal precision.","start":9944.21,"end":9955.97,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9944.21,"end":9944.53},{"text":"Chair,","start":9944.53,"end":9944.85},{"text":"furthermore,","start":9945.17,"end":9945.81},{"text":"the","start":9945.81,"end":9945.93},{"text":"application","start":9945.93,"end":9946.49},{"text":"of","start":9946.49,"end":9946.57},{"text":"law","start":9946.57,"end":9946.73},{"text":"of","start":9946.73,"end":9946.85},{"text":"armed","start":9946.85,"end":9947.01},{"text":"conflict","start":9947.01,"end":9947.49},{"text":"across","start":9947.49,"end":9948.05},{"text":"different","start":9948.05,"end":9948.53},{"text":"operational","start":9948.53,"end":9949.09},{"text":"domains,","start":9949.09,"end":9949.65},{"text":"including","start":9949.73,"end":9950.29},{"text":"outer","start":9950.29,"end":9950.53},{"text":"space","start":9950.53,"end":9951.01},{"text":"and","start":9951.25,"end":9951.45},{"text":"cyberspace,","start":9951.45,"end":9952.21},{"text":"require","start":9952.37,"end":9953.57},{"text":"rigorous","start":9953.89,"end":9954.45},{"text":"legal","start":9954.61,"end":9955.09},{"text":"precision.","start":9955.25,"end":9955.97}]},{"text":"A rule's customary status in any domain depends strictly on a general state practice accompanied by opinion juris.","start":9957.05,"end":9965.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":9957.05,"end":9957.09},{"text":"rule's","start":9957.09,"end":9957.53},{"text":"customary","start":9957.53,"end":9960.09},{"text":"status","start":9960.09,"end":9960.65},{"text":"in","start":9960.81,"end":9961.05},{"text":"any","start":9961.05,"end":9961.29},{"text":"domain","start":9961.29,"end":9961.61},{"text":"depends","start":9961.61,"end":9962.05},{"text":"strictly","start":9962.05,"end":9962.57},{"text":"on","start":9962.57,"end":9962.73},{"text":"a","start":9962.73,"end":9962.77},{"text":"general","start":9962.77,"end":9963.13},{"text":"state","start":9963.13,"end":9963.45},{"text":"practice","start":9963.45,"end":9963.93},{"text":"accompanied","start":9963.93,"end":9964.49},{"text":"by","start":9964.49,"end":9964.65},{"text":"opinion","start":9964.65,"end":9965.01},{"text":"juris.","start":9965.01,"end":9965.45}]},{"text":"Rules designated for traditional land, air, or sea warfare cannot simply be transposed to new domains without careful examination and meaningful consultation with states, particularly those possessing relevant experience in this field.","start":9966.09,"end":9980.17,"topics":[{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."}],"words":[{"text":"Rules","start":9966.09,"end":9966.45},{"text":"designated","start":9966.45,"end":9967.45},{"text":"for","start":9967.61,"end":9967.77},{"text":"traditional","start":9967.77,"end":9968.37},{"text":"land,","start":9968.37,"end":9968.65},{"text":"air,","start":9968.73,"end":9969.13},{"text":"or","start":9969.29,"end":9969.45},{"text":"sea","start":9969.45,"end":9969.85},{"text":"warfare","start":9969.85,"end":9970.41},{"text":"cannot","start":9970.41,"end":9970.81},{"text":"simply","start":9970.81,"end":9971.21},{"text":"be","start":9971.21,"end":9971.37},{"text":"transposed","start":9971.37,"end":9971.93},{"text":"to","start":9972.09,"end":9972.25},{"text":"new","start":9972.25,"end":9972.49},{"text":"domains","start":9972.49,"end":9972.89},{"text":"without","start":9972.89,"end":9973.29},{"text":"careful","start":9973.29,"end":9973.61},{"text":"examination","start":9973.61,"end":9974.33},{"text":"and","start":9974.33,"end":9974.49},{"text":"meaningful","start":9974.49,"end":9975.05},{"text":"consultation","start":9975.05,"end":9975.77},{"text":"with","start":9975.77,"end":9975.93},{"text":"states,","start":9975.93,"end":9976.33},{"text":"particularly","start":9976.57,"end":9977.37},{"text":"those","start":9977.37,"end":9977.61},{"text":"possessing","start":9977.61,"end":9978.17},{"text":"relevant","start":9978.17,"end":9978.57},{"text":"experience","start":9978.57,"end":9979.21},{"text":"in","start":9979.37,"end":9979.53},{"text":"this","start":9979.53,"end":9979.77},{"text":"field.","start":9979.77,"end":9980.17}]},{"text":"I thank you, Madam Chair.","start":9980.57,"end":9981.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9980.57,"end":9980.73},{"text":"thank","start":9980.73,"end":9980.89},{"text":"you,","start":9980.89,"end":9980.97},{"text":"Madam","start":9980.97,"end":9981.21},{"text":"Chair.","start":9981.21,"end":9981.45}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ISR","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Israel"}},{"statement_number":63,"start":9982.65,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:46:23","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Israel for his statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Colombia.","start":9982.65,"end":9989.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9982.65,"end":9982.66},{"text":"thank","start":9982.65,"end":9982.93},{"text":"the","start":9982.93,"end":9983.01},{"text":"distinguished","start":9983.01,"end":9983.61},{"text":"representative","start":9983.61,"end":9984.49},{"text":"of","start":9984.49,"end":9984.65},{"text":"Israel","start":9984.65,"end":9985.13},{"text":"for","start":9985.13,"end":9985.45},{"text":"his","start":9985.45,"end":9985.61},{"text":"statement,","start":9985.61,"end":9986.25},{"text":"and","start":9986.25,"end":9986.37},{"text":"I","start":9986.37,"end":9986.41},{"text":"give","start":9986.41,"end":9986.61},{"text":"the","start":9986.61,"end":9986.73},{"text":"floor","start":9986.73,"end":9987.05},{"text":"to","start":9987.05,"end":9987.17},{"text":"the","start":9987.17,"end":9987.25},{"text":"distinguished","start":9987.25,"end":9987.77},{"text":"representative","start":9987.77,"end":9988.65},{"text":"of","start":9988.65,"end":9988.73},{"text":"Colombia.","start":9988.73,"end":9989.45}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":9992.93,"end":9993.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9992.93,"end":9993.49},{"text":"you.","start":9993.61,"end":9993.77}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":64,"start":9994.33,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:46:35","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Very much, Madam Chair.","start":9994.33,"end":9995.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Very","start":9994.33,"end":9994.57},{"text":"much,","start":9994.57,"end":9994.81},{"text":"Madam","start":9994.81,"end":9995.05},{"text":"Chair.","start":9995.05,"end":9995.29}]},{"text":"Colombia reasserts its commitment to the observation, implementation, and dissemination of IHL.","start":9997.37,"end":10003.37,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":9997.37,"end":9998.01},{"text":"reasserts","start":9998.01,"end":9998.73},{"text":"its","start":9998.73,"end":9998.89},{"text":"commitment","start":9998.89,"end":9999.57},{"text":"to","start":9999.57,"end":9999.69},{"text":"the","start":9999.69,"end":9999.89},{"text":"observation,","start":10000.21,"end":10000.89},{"text":"implementation,","start":10000.89,"end":10001.69},{"text":"and","start":10001.69,"end":10001.81},{"text":"dissemination","start":10001.81,"end":10002.57},{"text":"of","start":10002.57,"end":10002.65},{"text":"IHL.","start":10002.65,"end":10003.37}]},{"text":"The experience the country has with a lengthy armed conflict has clearly showed how important IHL is as an essential legal mechanism to curtail the effects of hostilities and protect those who do not participate in them or have ceased to participate directly in them.","start":10004.53,"end":10022.85,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10004.53,"end":10004.73},{"text":"experience","start":10004.73,"end":10005.69},{"text":"the","start":10005.69,"end":10005.77},{"text":"country","start":10005.77,"end":10006.21},{"text":"has","start":10006.21,"end":10006.85},{"text":"with","start":10007.41,"end":10007.65},{"text":"a","start":10007.65,"end":10007.73},{"text":"lengthy","start":10007.73,"end":10008.13},{"text":"armed","start":10008.13,"end":10008.41},{"text":"conflict","start":10008.41,"end":10009.09},{"text":"has","start":10009.41,"end":10009.73},{"text":"clearly","start":10009.81,"end":10010.29},{"text":"showed","start":10010.29,"end":10010.61},{"text":"how","start":10010.61,"end":10010.77},{"text":"important","start":10010.77,"end":10011.33},{"text":"IHL","start":10011.33,"end":10012.21},{"text":"is","start":10012.45,"end":10013.25},{"text":"as","start":10013.25,"end":10013.33},{"text":"an","start":10013.33,"end":10013.41},{"text":"essential","start":10013.41,"end":10013.93},{"text":"legal","start":10013.93,"end":10014.21},{"text":"mechanism","start":10014.21,"end":10014.77},{"text":"to","start":10015.09,"end":10015.25},{"text":"curtail","start":10015.25,"end":10015.77},{"text":"the","start":10015.77,"end":10015.85},{"text":"effects","start":10015.85,"end":10016.13},{"text":"of","start":10016.13,"end":10016.21},{"text":"hostilities","start":10016.21,"end":10016.89},{"text":"and","start":10016.89,"end":10017.09},{"text":"protect","start":10017.65,"end":10018.21},{"text":"those","start":10018.37,"end":10018.85},{"text":"who","start":10019.01,"end":10019.33},{"text":"do","start":10019.49,"end":10019.65},{"text":"not","start":10019.65,"end":10019.85},{"text":"participate","start":10019.85,"end":10020.45},{"text":"in","start":10020.45,"end":10020.53},{"text":"them","start":10020.53,"end":10020.65},{"text":"or","start":10020.69,"end":10020.85},{"text":"have","start":10020.85,"end":10021.01},{"text":"ceased","start":10021.01,"end":10021.57},{"text":"to","start":10021.57,"end":10021.65},{"text":"participate","start":10021.65,"end":10022.29},{"text":"directly","start":10022.29,"end":10022.65},{"text":"in","start":10022.65,"end":10022.73},{"text":"them.","start":10022.73,"end":10022.85}]},{"text":"Here, Colombia once again says it is important to promote the universal respect of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their additional protocols.","start":10023.25,"end":10032.29,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."}],"words":[{"text":"Here,","start":10023.25,"end":10023.45},{"text":"Colombia","start":10023.89,"end":10024.61},{"text":"once","start":10024.61,"end":10024.93},{"text":"again","start":10024.93,"end":10025.41},{"text":"says","start":10025.73,"end":10026.05},{"text":"it","start":10026.05,"end":10026.21},{"text":"is","start":10026.21,"end":10026.33},{"text":"important","start":10026.33,"end":10027.13},{"text":"to","start":10027.13,"end":10027.21},{"text":"promote","start":10027.25,"end":10027.73},{"text":"the","start":10027.73,"end":10027.89},{"text":"universal","start":10027.89,"end":10028.61},{"text":"respect","start":10029.01,"end":10029.49},{"text":"of","start":10029.49,"end":10029.57},{"text":"the","start":10029.57,"end":10029.69},{"text":"Geneva","start":10029.69,"end":10030.01},{"text":"Conventions","start":10030.01,"end":10030.41},{"text":"of","start":10030.41,"end":10030.49},{"text":"1949","start":10030.49,"end":10031.17},{"text":"and","start":10031.17,"end":10031.29},{"text":"their","start":10031.29,"end":10031.41},{"text":"additional","start":10031.41,"end":10031.77},{"text":"protocols.","start":10031.77,"end":10032.29}]},{"text":"For Colombia, observing IHL is a commitment firmly anchored in our constitution.","start":10032.53,"end":10038.85,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":10032.53,"end":10032.65},{"text":"Colombia,","start":10032.65,"end":10033.13},{"text":"observing","start":10033.57,"end":10034.21},{"text":"IHL","start":10034.41,"end":10035.01},{"text":"is","start":10035.33,"end":10035.81},{"text":"a","start":10036.05,"end":10036.09},{"text":"commitment","start":10036.13,"end":10036.85},{"text":"firmly","start":10036.85,"end":10037.25},{"text":"anchored","start":10037.25,"end":10037.81},{"text":"in","start":10037.81,"end":10037.97},{"text":"our","start":10037.97,"end":10038.09},{"text":"constitution.","start":10038.09,"end":10038.85}]},{"text":"The constitution ensures its observation even in exceptional circumstances.","start":10039.09,"end":10044.93,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10039.09,"end":10039.21},{"text":"constitution","start":10039.21,"end":10040.21},{"text":"ensures","start":10040.77,"end":10041.49},{"text":"its","start":10041.49,"end":10041.81},{"text":"observation","start":10042.09,"end":10042.93},{"text":"even","start":10042.93,"end":10043.37},{"text":"in","start":10043.37,"end":10043.45},{"text":"exceptional","start":10043.45,"end":10043.97},{"text":"circumstances.","start":10043.97,"end":10044.93}]},{"text":"And constitutional jurisprudence has recognized the provisions of IHL as a part and parcel of our constitution and a parameter ascertaining constitutionality in accordance with Articles 93 and 214 of our constitution here.","start":10045.17,"end":10061.65,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10045.17,"end":10045.65},{"text":"constitutional","start":10045.65,"end":10046.45},{"text":"jurisprudence","start":10046.45,"end":10047.25},{"text":"has","start":10047.25,"end":10047.49},{"text":"recognized","start":10047.49,"end":10048.53},{"text":"the","start":10048.85,"end":10049.09},{"text":"provisions","start":10049.17,"end":10049.65},{"text":"of","start":10049.65,"end":10049.81},{"text":"IHL","start":10049.81,"end":10050.85},{"text":"as","start":10050.93,"end":10051.33},{"text":"a","start":10051.65,"end":10051.69},{"text":"part","start":10051.69,"end":10051.85},{"text":"and","start":10051.85,"end":10052.01},{"text":"parcel","start":10052.01,"end":10052.37},{"text":"of","start":10052.37,"end":10052.45},{"text":"our","start":10052.45,"end":10052.53},{"text":"constitution","start":10052.53,"end":10053.33},{"text":"and","start":10053.33,"end":10053.45},{"text":"a","start":10053.45,"end":10053.49},{"text":"parameter","start":10053.49,"end":10054.49},{"text":"ascertaining","start":10054.49,"end":10055.01},{"text":"constitutionality","start":10055.41,"end":10056.53},{"text":"in","start":10056.77,"end":10056.93},{"text":"accordance","start":10056.93,"end":10057.45},{"text":"with","start":10057.45,"end":10057.61},{"text":"Articles","start":10057.61,"end":10057.97},{"text":"93","start":10057.97,"end":10058.45},{"text":"and","start":10058.45,"end":10058.61},{"text":"214","start":10058.61,"end":10059.33},{"text":"of","start":10059.33,"end":10059.41},{"text":"our","start":10059.41,"end":10060.05},{"text":"constitution","start":10060.49,"end":10061.41},{"text":"here.","start":10061.41,"end":10061.65}]},{"text":"Uh, Colombia's commitment can be seen in institutional legislative measures to foster the implementation of IHL, we have, uh, it incorporated in our, um, uh, c-… criminal legislation with crimes related to violations of IHL as expression of the state's commitment to the prevention, investigation, and punishment of conduct violating humanitarian standards in accordance with the relevant applications here.","start":10063.41,"end":10091.57,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"Uh,","start":10063.41,"end":10063.45},{"text":"Colombia's","start":10063.45,"end":10064.01},{"text":"commitment","start":10064.01,"end":10064.45},{"text":"can","start":10064.45,"end":10064.61},{"text":"be","start":10064.61,"end":10064.77},{"text":"seen","start":10064.77,"end":10065.33},{"text":"in","start":10065.65,"end":10065.97},{"text":"institutional","start":10065.97,"end":10066.81},{"text":"legislative","start":10066.81,"end":10067.41},{"text":"measures","start":10067.41,"end":10067.89},{"text":"to","start":10067.97,"end":10068.29},{"text":"foster","start":10068.29,"end":10068.65},{"text":"the","start":10068.65,"end":10068.73},{"text":"implementation","start":10068.73,"end":10069.49},{"text":"of","start":10069.49,"end":10069.57},{"text":"IHL,","start":10069.57,"end":10070.05},{"text":"we","start":10070.45,"end":10070.61},{"text":"have,","start":10070.61,"end":10071.01},{"text":"uh,","start":10071.49,"end":10071.53},{"text":"it","start":10071.53,"end":10071.73},{"text":"incorporated","start":10071.73,"end":10072.45},{"text":"in","start":10072.45,"end":10072.61},{"text":"our,","start":10072.61,"end":10072.93},{"text":"um,","start":10073.61,"end":10073.69},{"text":"uh,","start":10073.89,"end":10073.93},{"text":"c-…","start":10073.93,"end":10074.09},{"text":"criminal","start":10074.77,"end":10075.13},{"text":"legislation","start":10075.57,"end":10076.45},{"text":"with","start":10076.45,"end":10076.85},{"text":"crimes","start":10077.25,"end":10077.97},{"text":"related","start":10078.37,"end":10078.93},{"text":"to","start":10078.93,"end":10079.33},{"text":"violations","start":10079.65,"end":10080.33},{"text":"of","start":10080.33,"end":10080.45},{"text":"IHL","start":10080.45,"end":10081.13},{"text":"as","start":10081.13,"end":10081.25},{"text":"expression","start":10081.25,"end":10081.69},{"text":"of","start":10081.69,"end":10081.81},{"text":"the","start":10081.81,"end":10082.09},{"text":"state's","start":10082.13,"end":10082.53},{"text":"commitment","start":10082.53,"end":10083.01},{"text":"to","start":10083.01,"end":10083.09},{"text":"the","start":10083.09,"end":10083.17},{"text":"prevention,","start":10083.17,"end":10083.57},{"text":"investigation,","start":10083.57,"end":10084.29},{"text":"and","start":10084.29,"end":10084.49},{"text":"punishment","start":10084.49,"end":10085.17},{"text":"of","start":10085.17,"end":10085.41},{"text":"conduct","start":10085.89,"end":10086.45},{"text":"violating","start":10086.45,"end":10087.17},{"text":"humanitarian","start":10087.25,"end":10087.97},{"text":"standards","start":10087.97,"end":10088.53},{"text":"in","start":10088.53,"end":10088.69},{"text":"accordance","start":10089.09,"end":10089.65},{"text":"with","start":10089.65,"end":10089.85},{"text":"the","start":10089.85,"end":10089.93},{"text":"relevant","start":10090.13,"end":10090.69},{"text":"applications","start":10090.69,"end":10091.33},{"text":"here.","start":10091.33,"end":10091.57}]},{"text":"Colombia welcomes cooperation amongst the state bodies and specialized bodies to strengthen knowledge and the practical implementation of IHL by public officials.","start":10092.05,"end":10102.77,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10092.05,"end":10092.53},{"text":"welcomes","start":10092.53,"end":10093.25},{"text":"cooperation","start":10093.49,"end":10094.17},{"text":"amongst","start":10094.17,"end":10094.53},{"text":"the","start":10094.53,"end":10094.61},{"text":"state","start":10094.61,"end":10094.93},{"text":"bodies","start":10094.93,"end":10095.37},{"text":"and","start":10095.37,"end":10095.53},{"text":"specialized","start":10095.57,"end":10096.05},{"text":"bodies","start":10096.05,"end":10096.45},{"text":"to","start":10096.45,"end":10096.69},{"text":"strengthen","start":10097.01,"end":10097.77},{"text":"knowledge","start":10097.77,"end":10098.09},{"text":"and","start":10098.09,"end":10098.21},{"text":"the","start":10098.21,"end":10098.29},{"text":"practical","start":10098.29,"end":10098.69},{"text":"implementation","start":10098.69,"end":10099.41},{"text":"of","start":10099.45,"end":10099.65},{"text":"IHL","start":10100.53,"end":10101.09},{"text":"by","start":10101.09,"end":10101.41},{"text":"public","start":10101.57,"end":10102.05},{"text":"officials.","start":10102.13,"end":10102.77}]},{"text":"Interdisciplinary training continues to contribute when it comes to the principles and obligations of IHL and is incorporated in official organization and institutional processes involving decision-making.","start":10103.41,"end":10121.09,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Interdisciplinary","start":10103.41,"end":10104.45},{"text":"training","start":10105.49,"end":10106.21},{"text":"continues","start":10106.29,"end":10106.85},{"text":"to","start":10106.85,"end":10106.97},{"text":"contribute","start":10106.97,"end":10107.89},{"text":"when","start":10107.89,"end":10108.09},{"text":"it","start":10108.09,"end":10108.17},{"text":"comes","start":10108.17,"end":10108.41},{"text":"to","start":10108.41,"end":10108.49},{"text":"the","start":10108.49,"end":10108.61},{"text":"principles","start":10108.61,"end":10109.17},{"text":"and","start":10109.17,"end":10109.29},{"text":"obligations","start":10109.29,"end":10109.89},{"text":"of","start":10109.89,"end":10109.97},{"text":"IHL","start":10109.97,"end":10110.53},{"text":"and","start":10110.53,"end":10110.65},{"text":"is","start":10110.65,"end":10110.77},{"text":"incorporated","start":10110.85,"end":10111.73},{"text":"in","start":10112.13,"end":10112.53},{"text":"official","start":10115.05,"end":10115.49},{"text":"organization","start":10117.25,"end":10117.97},{"text":"and","start":10118.01,"end":10118.17},{"text":"institutional","start":10118.21,"end":10118.89},{"text":"processes","start":10118.89,"end":10119.57},{"text":"involving","start":10119.81,"end":10120.29},{"text":"decision-making.","start":10120.37,"end":10121.09}]},{"text":"For an example here, on October the 8th last, with the capacitation committee or capacity building committee of the ICRC in Colombia, a day was held of approach to IHL, bringing together public servants to reflect the importance that Colombia attributes to knowledge and the implementation of IHL.","start":10121.09,"end":10147.33,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. 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Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10147.73,"end":10148.29},{"text":"also","start":10148.29,"end":10148.61},{"text":"recently","start":10148.61,"end":10149.41},{"text":"established","start":10149.77,"end":10150.33},{"text":"an","start":10150.33,"end":10150.41},{"text":"intersectoral","start":10150.41,"end":10151.25},{"text":"committee","start":10151.25,"end":10151.73},{"text":"for","start":10152.13,"end":10152.45},{"text":"the","start":10152.53,"end":10152.69},{"text":"implementation","start":10153.81,"end":10154.53},{"text":"of","start":10154.53,"end":10154.69},{"text":"IHL","start":10154.69,"end":10155.17},{"text":"by","start":10155.17,"end":10155.33},{"text":"means","start":10155.33,"end":10155.57},{"text":"of","start":10155.57,"end":10155.65},{"text":"a","start":10155.65,"end":10155.69},{"text":"decree","start":10155.69,"end":10156.13},{"text":"2002,","start":10157.09,"end":10157.77},{"text":"2006,","start":10157.77,"end":10158.49},{"text":"and","start":10158.49,"end":10158.61},{"text":"2017,","start":10158.61,"end":10159.41},{"text":"the","start":10159.41,"end":10159.49},{"text":"Marches","start":10159.49,"end":10159.73},{"text":"here,","start":10159.73,"end":10159.85},{"text":"as","start":10159.85,"end":10159.93},{"text":"a","start":10159.93,"end":10159.97},{"text":"specialized","start":10159.97,"end":10161.01},{"text":"body","start":10161.45,"end":10161.93},{"text":"to","start":10161.93,"end":10162.17},{"text":"coordinate","start":10162.17,"end":10162.89},{"text":"and","start":10162.89,"end":10163.09},{"text":"guide","start":10163.09,"end":10163.53},{"text":"the","start":10163.53,"end":10163.65},{"text":"government","start":10163.77,"end":10164.41},{"text":"here","start":10164.41,"end":10164.61},{"text":"with","start":10165.21,"end":10165.69},{"text":"specialized","start":10165.77,"end":10166.41},{"text":"bureaus,","start":10166.41,"end":10167.21},{"text":"again,","start":10167.41,"end":10167.93},{"text":"to","start":10168.17,"end":10168.29},{"text":"meet","start":10168.29,"end":10168.57},{"text":"the","start":10168.57,"end":10168.77},{"text":"challenges","start":10169.05,"end":10169.85},{"text":"of","start":10169.85,"end":10169.93},{"text":"the","start":10169.93,"end":10170.05},{"text":"contemporary","start":10170.05,"end":10170.65},{"text":"humanitarian","start":10170.65,"end":10171.37},{"text":"agenda.","start":10171.37,"end":10171.85}]},{"text":"Now, this committee is a guarantee for better institutional organization, capacity building, and legal security when it comes to authorities responsible for implementing IHL, in particular, security forces.","start":10172.17,"end":10184.61,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":10172.17,"end":10172.25},{"text":"this","start":10172.25,"end":10172.65},{"text":"committee","start":10172.65,"end":10173.09},{"text":"is","start":10173.09,"end":10173.33},{"text":"a","start":10173.33,"end":10173.37},{"text":"guarantee","start":10173.37,"end":10174.17},{"text":"for","start":10174.17,"end":10174.33},{"text":"better","start":10174.33,"end":10174.73},{"text":"institutional","start":10174.73,"end":10175.33},{"text":"organization,","start":10175.33,"end":10176.09},{"text":"capacity","start":10176.09,"end":10176.61},{"text":"building,","start":10176.61,"end":10176.93},{"text":"and","start":10176.93,"end":10177.09},{"text":"legal","start":10177.09,"end":10177.29},{"text":"security","start":10177.29,"end":10177.93},{"text":"when","start":10178.33,"end":10178.65},{"text":"it","start":10178.65,"end":10178.73},{"text":"comes","start":10178.73,"end":10179.05},{"text":"to","start":10179.05,"end":10179.33},{"text":"authorities","start":10179.33,"end":10180.01},{"text":"responsible","start":10180.25,"end":10181.45},{"text":"for","start":10181.57,"end":10181.69},{"text":"implementing","start":10181.69,"end":10182.65},{"text":"IHL,","start":10182.65,"end":10183.17},{"text":"in","start":10183.17,"end":10183.29},{"text":"particular,","start":10183.33,"end":10183.77},{"text":"security","start":10183.77,"end":10184.29},{"text":"forces.","start":10184.29,"end":10184.61}]},{"text":"It promotes a common understanding of humanitarian provisions and incorporation in policies, plans, operations and decision-making processes.","start":10184.61,"end":10194.09,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10184.61,"end":10184.73},{"text":"promotes","start":10185.13,"end":10185.77},{"text":"a","start":10186.25,"end":10186.29},{"text":"common","start":10186.29,"end":10186.89},{"text":"understanding","start":10187.09,"end":10187.93},{"text":"of","start":10187.93,"end":10188.01},{"text":"humanitarian","start":10188.01,"end":10188.69},{"text":"provisions","start":10188.69,"end":10189.17},{"text":"and","start":10189.17,"end":10189.29},{"text":"incorporation","start":10189.29,"end":10190.09},{"text":"in","start":10190.09,"end":10190.25},{"text":"policies,","start":10190.89,"end":10191.49},{"text":"plans,","start":10191.49,"end":10191.89},{"text":"operations","start":10191.89,"end":10192.53},{"text":"and","start":10192.53,"end":10192.85},{"text":"decision-making","start":10192.85,"end":10193.53},{"text":"processes.","start":10193.53,"end":10194.09}]},{"text":"This does show that Colombia has specialized institutions which is well consolidated to bring about the national implementation of IHL in accordance with the best practices promoted both regionally and internationally.","start":10194.97,"end":10208.57,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10194.97,"end":10195.37},{"text":"does","start":10195.45,"end":10195.61},{"text":"show","start":10195.61,"end":10196.01},{"text":"that","start":10196.01,"end":10196.33},{"text":"Colombia","start":10197.21,"end":10197.85},{"text":"has","start":10198.33,"end":10198.81},{"text":"specialized","start":10199.05,"end":10199.81},{"text":"institutions","start":10199.85,"end":10200.81},{"text":"which","start":10200.97,"end":10201.25},{"text":"is","start":10201.25,"end":10201.37},{"text":"well","start":10201.37,"end":10201.61},{"text":"consolidated","start":10201.61,"end":10202.57},{"text":"to","start":10202.57,"end":10202.73},{"text":"bring","start":10202.89,"end":10203.13},{"text":"about","start":10203.13,"end":10203.41},{"text":"the","start":10203.41,"end":10203.65},{"text":"national","start":10203.77,"end":10204.25},{"text":"implementation","start":10204.25,"end":10204.89},{"text":"of","start":10204.89,"end":10204.97},{"text":"IHL","start":10204.97,"end":10205.37},{"text":"in","start":10205.37,"end":10205.53},{"text":"accordance","start":10205.53,"end":10205.85},{"text":"with","start":10205.85,"end":10205.97},{"text":"the","start":10205.97,"end":10206.05},{"text":"best","start":10206.05,"end":10206.25},{"text":"practices","start":10206.25,"end":10206.73},{"text":"promoted","start":10206.73,"end":10207.21},{"text":"both","start":10207.21,"end":10207.37},{"text":"regionally","start":10207.37,"end":10207.73},{"text":"and","start":10207.73,"end":10207.85},{"text":"internationally.","start":10207.85,"end":10208.57}]},{"text":"Together with all our national actions here, Colombia has played an active part in the international actions to strengthen the respect for IHL.","start":10209.37,"end":10222.05,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"Together","start":10209.37,"end":10209.65},{"text":"with","start":10209.65,"end":10209.81},{"text":"all","start":10209.81,"end":10210.21},{"text":"our","start":10210.29,"end":10210.65},{"text":"national","start":10210.77,"end":10211.73},{"text":"actions","start":10211.73,"end":10212.17},{"text":"here,","start":10212.17,"end":10212.37},{"text":"Colombia","start":10212.37,"end":10213.01},{"text":"has","start":10213.33,"end":10213.81},{"text":"played","start":10214.21,"end":10214.45},{"text":"an","start":10214.45,"end":10214.53},{"text":"active","start":10214.53,"end":10214.89},{"text":"part","start":10214.89,"end":10215.17},{"text":"in","start":10215.17,"end":10215.41},{"text":"the","start":10215.41,"end":10215.53},{"text":"international","start":10215.89,"end":10216.85},{"text":"actions","start":10218.29,"end":10219.01},{"text":"to","start":10219.01,"end":10219.25},{"text":"strengthen","start":10219.25,"end":10219.97},{"text":"the","start":10219.97,"end":10220.17},{"text":"respect","start":10220.61,"end":10221.17},{"text":"for","start":10221.17,"end":10221.33},{"text":"IHL.","start":10221.33,"end":10222.05}]},{"text":"We participated in the global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law, mentioned by other speakers, as providing an opportunity for dialogue, coordination, and A constructive approach is to renew and strengthen the commitment of the international community to promote and ensure the observances of IHL.","start":10222.05,"end":10242.45,"topics":[{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10222.05,"end":10222.21},{"text":"participated","start":10222.21,"end":10222.93},{"text":"in","start":10222.93,"end":10223.01},{"text":"the","start":10223.01,"end":10223.13},{"text":"global","start":10223.13,"end":10223.57},{"text":"initiative","start":10223.57,"end":10224.13},{"text":"to","start":10224.13,"end":10224.21},{"text":"galvanize","start":10224.21,"end":10224.77},{"text":"political","start":10224.77,"end":10225.25},{"text":"commitment","start":10225.41,"end":10225.85},{"text":"to","start":10225.85,"end":10225.93},{"text":"international","start":10225.93,"end":10227.25},{"text":"humanitarian","start":10227.69,"end":10228.37},{"text":"law,","start":10228.37,"end":10228.49},{"text":"mentioned","start":10228.49,"end":10229.01},{"text":"by","start":10229.17,"end":10229.45},{"text":"other","start":10229.45,"end":10229.65},{"text":"speakers,","start":10229.65,"end":10230.13},{"text":"as","start":10230.13,"end":10230.37},{"text":"providing","start":10230.53,"end":10230.97},{"text":"an","start":10230.97,"end":10231.05},{"text":"opportunity","start":10231.05,"end":10231.49},{"text":"for","start":10231.49,"end":10231.65},{"text":"dialogue,","start":10231.65,"end":10232.25},{"text":"coordination,","start":10232.25,"end":10233.17},{"text":"and","start":10233.17,"end":10233.49},{"text":"A","start":10233.97,"end":10234.01},{"text":"constructive","start":10234.05,"end":10235.57},{"text":"approach","start":10235.57,"end":10235.97},{"text":"is","start":10235.97,"end":10236.13},{"text":"to","start":10236.13,"end":10236.37},{"text":"renew","start":10236.61,"end":10237.09},{"text":"and","start":10237.09,"end":10237.25},{"text":"strengthen","start":10237.25,"end":10237.69},{"text":"the","start":10237.69,"end":10237.77},{"text":"commitment","start":10237.81,"end":10238.29},{"text":"of","start":10238.29,"end":10238.45},{"text":"the","start":10238.45,"end":10238.53},{"text":"international","start":10238.53,"end":10239.05},{"text":"community","start":10239.05,"end":10239.49},{"text":"to","start":10239.49,"end":10239.57},{"text":"promote","start":10239.57,"end":10239.97},{"text":"and","start":10240.25,"end":10240.37},{"text":"ensure","start":10240.45,"end":10240.69},{"text":"the","start":10240.69,"end":10240.81},{"text":"observances","start":10240.81,"end":10241.49},{"text":"of","start":10241.49,"end":10241.81},{"text":"IHL.","start":10241.81,"end":10242.45}]},{"text":"We also have Committee 3 looking at peacekeeping.","start":10242.85,"end":10246.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10242.85,"end":10243.17},{"text":"also","start":10243.17,"end":10243.49},{"text":"have","start":10243.49,"end":10243.89},{"text":"Committee","start":10244.05,"end":10244.45},{"text":"3","start":10244.45,"end":10244.77},{"text":"looking","start":10244.77,"end":10245.17},{"text":"at","start":10245.17,"end":10245.49},{"text":"peacekeeping.","start":10246.05,"end":10246.69}]},{"text":"As a current non-permanent member of the Security Council this year, Colombia has played an active role in promoting ambitious language to ensure that the parties to a conflict on the Council agenda should implement IHL.","start":10247.33,"end":10260.69,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":10247.33,"end":10247.57},{"text":"a","start":10248.13,"end":10248.17},{"text":"current","start":10248.17,"end":10248.77},{"text":"non-permanent","start":10248.77,"end":10249.41},{"text":"member","start":10249.41,"end":10249.65},{"text":"of","start":10249.65,"end":10249.73},{"text":"the","start":10249.73,"end":10249.81},{"text":"Security","start":10249.81,"end":10250.33},{"text":"Council","start":10250.33,"end":10250.65},{"text":"this","start":10250.65,"end":10250.85},{"text":"year,","start":10250.85,"end":10250.97},{"text":"Colombia","start":10250.97,"end":10251.45},{"text":"has","start":10251.45,"end":10251.57},{"text":"played","start":10251.57,"end":10251.81},{"text":"an","start":10251.81,"end":10251.89},{"text":"active","start":10251.89,"end":10252.21},{"text":"role","start":10252.21,"end":10252.53},{"text":"in","start":10252.85,"end":10253.01},{"text":"promoting","start":10253.01,"end":10253.49},{"text":"ambitious","start":10253.49,"end":10254.05},{"text":"language","start":10254.05,"end":10254.69},{"text":"to","start":10254.85,"end":10254.97},{"text":"ensure","start":10254.97,"end":10255.41},{"text":"that","start":10255.41,"end":10255.65},{"text":"the","start":10255.65,"end":10255.81},{"text":"parties","start":10255.81,"end":10256.53},{"text":"to","start":10256.69,"end":10256.97},{"text":"a","start":10256.97,"end":10257.01},{"text":"conflict","start":10257.01,"end":10257.53},{"text":"on","start":10257.53,"end":10257.65},{"text":"the","start":10257.65,"end":10257.77},{"text":"Council","start":10257.77,"end":10258.25},{"text":"agenda","start":10258.37,"end":10258.93},{"text":"should","start":10258.93,"end":10259.25},{"text":"implement","start":10259.25,"end":10259.89},{"text":"IHL.","start":10259.97,"end":10260.69}]},{"text":"Madam, Colombia states again that its commitment to IHL must lead to specific action to ensure its real implementation.","start":10261.77,"end":10270.49,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam,","start":10261.77,"end":10262.17},{"text":"Colombia","start":10262.17,"end":10262.97},{"text":"states","start":10262.97,"end":10263.49},{"text":"again","start":10263.49,"end":10263.93},{"text":"that","start":10263.93,"end":10264.09},{"text":"its","start":10264.09,"end":10264.25},{"text":"commitment","start":10264.33,"end":10264.93},{"text":"to","start":10264.93,"end":10265.13},{"text":"IHL","start":10265.13,"end":10265.85},{"text":"must","start":10266.17,"end":10266.57},{"text":"lead","start":10266.57,"end":10266.89},{"text":"to","start":10266.89,"end":10267.05},{"text":"specific","start":10267.53,"end":10267.97},{"text":"action","start":10268.01,"end":10268.49},{"text":"to","start":10268.49,"end":10268.65},{"text":"ensure","start":10268.65,"end":10269.13},{"text":"its","start":10269.13,"end":10269.37},{"text":"real","start":10269.37,"end":10269.61},{"text":"implementation.","start":10269.61,"end":10270.49}]},{"text":"Strengthening institutional capacities, training, and cooperation, these are an ongoing task, a shared constant task to ensure the better observation of IHL.","start":10271.05,"end":10287.25,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Strengthening","start":10271.05,"end":10271.73},{"text":"institutional","start":10271.73,"end":10272.41},{"text":"capacities,","start":10272.41,"end":10273.37},{"text":"training,","start":10273.77,"end":10274.37},{"text":"and","start":10274.37,"end":10274.73},{"text":"cooperation,","start":10274.97,"end":10276.01},{"text":"these","start":10276.57,"end":10277.05},{"text":"are","start":10277.05,"end":10277.25},{"text":"an","start":10277.25,"end":10277.69},{"text":"ongoing","start":10277.69,"end":10278.33},{"text":"task,","start":10278.33,"end":10278.97},{"text":"a","start":10279.37,"end":10279.45},{"text":"shared","start":10279.45,"end":10280.01},{"text":"constant","start":10281.77,"end":10282.85},{"text":"task","start":10282.85,"end":10283.17},{"text":"to","start":10283.17,"end":10283.25},{"text":"ensure","start":10283.25,"end":10283.69},{"text":"the","start":10283.77,"end":10283.93},{"text":"better","start":10283.93,"end":10284.61},{"text":"observation","start":10284.61,"end":10285.45},{"text":"of","start":10286.41,"end":10286.73},{"text":"IHL.","start":10286.73,"end":10287.25}]},{"text":"To conclude, Colombia says once again that consistency, coherency, is the basis of the credibility of IHL.","start":10287.25,"end":10295.37,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":10287.25,"end":10287.41},{"text":"conclude,","start":10287.41,"end":10287.93},{"text":"Colombia","start":10288.21,"end":10288.61},{"text":"says","start":10288.61,"end":10288.97},{"text":"once","start":10289.05,"end":10289.45},{"text":"again","start":10289.45,"end":10289.77},{"text":"that","start":10289.77,"end":10289.89},{"text":"consistency,","start":10289.89,"end":10291.17},{"text":"coherency,","start":10291.69,"end":10292.73},{"text":"is","start":10293.05,"end":10293.21},{"text":"the","start":10293.21,"end":10293.33},{"text":"basis","start":10293.33,"end":10293.81},{"text":"of","start":10293.81,"end":10293.93},{"text":"the","start":10293.93,"end":10294.01},{"text":"credibility","start":10294.01,"end":10294.65},{"text":"of","start":10294.65,"end":10294.81},{"text":"IHL.","start":10294.81,"end":10295.37}]},{"text":"A selective application of legal standards undermines confidence not just in this Council, but also in the international legal order as a whole.","start":10295.77,"end":10304.45,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":10295.77,"end":10295.81},{"text":"selective","start":10295.81,"end":10296.73},{"text":"application","start":10297.29,"end":10297.97},{"text":"of","start":10297.97,"end":10298.17},{"text":"legal","start":10298.25,"end":10298.53},{"text":"standards","start":10298.53,"end":10299.05},{"text":"undermines","start":10299.61,"end":10300.33},{"text":"confidence","start":10300.33,"end":10300.93},{"text":"not","start":10300.93,"end":10301.13},{"text":"just","start":10301.13,"end":10301.37},{"text":"in","start":10301.37,"end":10301.49},{"text":"this","start":10301.49,"end":10301.61},{"text":"Council,","start":10301.61,"end":10302.05},{"text":"but","start":10302.05,"end":10302.17},{"text":"also","start":10302.17,"end":10302.49},{"text":"in","start":10302.49,"end":10302.61},{"text":"the","start":10302.61,"end":10302.69},{"text":"international","start":10302.69,"end":10303.41},{"text":"legal","start":10303.41,"end":10303.69},{"text":"order","start":10303.69,"end":10303.97},{"text":"as","start":10303.97,"end":10304.09},{"text":"a","start":10304.09,"end":10304.17},{"text":"whole.","start":10304.17,"end":10304.45}]},{"text":"Colombia appeals for the implementation to all non-selective and principle-based of the principles of IHL in all situations of armed conflict, irrespective of the identity of the parties involved therein.","start":10304.81,"end":10316.29,"topics":[{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10304.81,"end":10305.33},{"text":"appeals","start":10305.33,"end":10305.77},{"text":"for","start":10305.77,"end":10305.89},{"text":"the","start":10305.93,"end":10306.01},{"text":"implementation","start":10306.01,"end":10307.13},{"text":"to","start":10307.77,"end":10308.25},{"text":"all","start":10308.25,"end":10308.57},{"text":"non-selective","start":10308.73,"end":10309.65},{"text":"and","start":10309.65,"end":10309.77},{"text":"principle-based","start":10309.77,"end":10310.61},{"text":"of","start":10310.61,"end":10310.73},{"text":"the","start":10310.73,"end":10310.81},{"text":"principles","start":10310.81,"end":10311.29},{"text":"of","start":10311.29,"end":10311.45},{"text":"IHL","start":10311.45,"end":10311.85},{"text":"in","start":10311.85,"end":10312.01},{"text":"all","start":10312.01,"end":10312.17},{"text":"situations","start":10312.17,"end":10312.65},{"text":"of","start":10312.65,"end":10312.73},{"text":"armed","start":10312.73,"end":10312.89},{"text":"conflict,","start":10312.89,"end":10313.29},{"text":"irrespective","start":10313.53,"end":10314.17},{"text":"of","start":10314.17,"end":10314.25},{"text":"the","start":10314.25,"end":10314.45},{"text":"identity","start":10314.45,"end":10314.97},{"text":"of","start":10314.97,"end":10315.05},{"text":"the","start":10315.05,"end":10315.17},{"text":"parties","start":10315.17,"end":10315.61},{"text":"involved","start":10315.61,"end":10315.93},{"text":"therein.","start":10315.93,"end":10316.29}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"COL","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Colombia"}},{"statement_number":65,"start":10317.77,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:51:58","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Colombia for her statement.","start":10317.77,"end":10321.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10317.77,"end":10317.81},{"text":"thank","start":10317.93,"end":10318.17},{"text":"the","start":10318.17,"end":10318.25},{"text":"distinguished","start":10318.25,"end":10318.89},{"text":"representative","start":10318.89,"end":10319.69},{"text":"of","start":10319.69,"end":10319.77},{"text":"Colombia","start":10319.77,"end":10320.21},{"text":"for","start":10320.25,"end":10320.49},{"text":"her","start":10320.49,"end":10320.65},{"text":"statement.","start":10320.65,"end":10321.37}]},{"text":"We heard the last speaker on this agenda item for this morning.","start":10321.77,"end":10325.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10321.77,"end":10321.93},{"text":"heard","start":10321.93,"end":10322.13},{"text":"the","start":10322.13,"end":10322.21},{"text":"last","start":10322.25,"end":10322.57},{"text":"speaker","start":10322.57,"end":10323.01},{"text":"on","start":10323.01,"end":10323.13},{"text":"this","start":10323.13,"end":10323.45},{"text":"agenda","start":10323.45,"end":10323.85},{"text":"item","start":10323.85,"end":10324.33},{"text":"for","start":10324.33,"end":10324.49},{"text":"this","start":10324.49,"end":10324.81},{"text":"morning.","start":10324.81,"end":10325.45}]},{"text":"It is my understanding that the delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran wishes to exercise the right of reply.","start":10325.45,"end":10332.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10325.45,"end":10325.69},{"text":"is","start":10325.69,"end":10325.77},{"text":"my","start":10325.77,"end":10326.01},{"text":"understanding","start":10326.01,"end":10326.73},{"text":"that","start":10326.73,"end":10326.97},{"text":"the","start":10326.97,"end":10327.05},{"text":"delegation","start":10327.05,"end":10327.77},{"text":"of","start":10327.77,"end":10327.97},{"text":"the","start":10327.97,"end":10328.05},{"text":"Islamic","start":10328.05,"end":10328.65},{"text":"Republic","start":10328.65,"end":10329.21},{"text":"of","start":10329.21,"end":10329.37},{"text":"Iran","start":10329.57,"end":10329.93},{"text":"wishes","start":10329.93,"end":10330.41},{"text":"to","start":10330.41,"end":10330.61},{"text":"exercise","start":10330.61,"end":10331.29},{"text":"the","start":10331.29,"end":10331.45},{"text":"right","start":10331.45,"end":10331.69},{"text":"of","start":10331.69,"end":10331.85},{"text":"reply.","start":10331.85,"end":10332.25}]},{"text":"Before we proceed further, I remind the committee that in accordance with paragraphs 9 and 10 of Annex 5 to the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly, the number of interventions in exercise of the right of reply for any delegation at a given meeting is limited to two per item, and the first intervention should be limited to 10 minutes and the second should be limited to five 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encourage delegations exercising a right of reply to please be as brief as possible and to remain well within these time limits.","start":10356.77,"end":10365.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10356.77,"end":10356.97},{"text":"encourage","start":10356.97,"end":10357.57},{"text":"delegations","start":10357.57,"end":10358.33},{"text":"exercising","start":10358.33,"end":10359.01},{"text":"a","start":10359.01,"end":10359.05},{"text":"right","start":10359.05,"end":10359.57},{"text":"of","start":10359.65,"end":10359.89},{"text":"reply","start":10359.89,"end":10360.37},{"text":"to","start":10361.01,"end":10361.05},{"text":"please","start":10361.05,"end":10361.41},{"text":"be","start":10361.41,"end":10361.81},{"text":"as","start":10361.81,"end":10362.05},{"text":"brief","start":10362.05,"end":10362.53},{"text":"as","start":10362.69,"end":10363.01},{"text":"possible","start":10363.01,"end":10363.49},{"text":"and","start":10363.49,"end":10363.69},{"text":"to","start":10363.69,"end":10363.77},{"text":"remain","start":10363.77,"end":10364.13},{"text":"well","start":10364.13,"end":10364.41},{"text":"within","start":10364.41,"end":10364.77},{"text":"these","start":10364.77,"end":10365.01},{"text":"time","start":10365.01,"end":10365.33},{"text":"limits.","start":10365.33,"end":10365.89}]},{"text":"I give the floor to the representative of Iran.","start":10365.89,"end":10369.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10365.89,"end":10365.97},{"text":"give","start":10365.97,"end":10366.13},{"text":"the","start":10366.13,"end":10366.25},{"text":"floor","start":10366.73,"end":10367.09},{"text":"to","start":10367.09,"end":10367.25},{"text":"the","start":10367.25,"end":10367.33},{"text":"representative","start":10367.81,"end":10368.69},{"text":"of","start":10368.69,"end":10368.77},{"text":"Iran.","start":10368.81,"end":10369.17}]},{"text":"Microphone for Iran, please.","start":10378.54,"end":10380.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Microphone","start":10378.54,"end":10379.18},{"text":"for","start":10379.18,"end":10379.5},{"text":"Iran,","start":10379.54,"end":10379.86},{"text":"please.","start":10379.86,"end":10380.1}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":66,"start":10384.62,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:53:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Thank you so much, Madam Chair.","start":10384.62,"end":10387.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.","start":10384.62,"end":10385.66},{"text":"Thank","start":10385.66,"end":10385.9},{"text":"you","start":10385.9,"end":10386.06},{"text":"so","start":10386.14,"end":10386.38},{"text":"much,","start":10386.38,"end":10386.62},{"text":"Madam","start":10386.62,"end":10386.94},{"text":"Chair.","start":10386.94,"end":10387.26}]},{"text":"The baseless, unfounded statement of the Israeli genocidal regime does not deserve any response.","start":10387.82,"end":10393.98,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10387.82,"end":10387.9},{"text":"baseless,","start":10387.9,"end":10388.46},{"text":"unfounded","start":10388.46,"end":10389.26},{"text":"statement","start":10389.5,"end":10390.14},{"text":"of","start":10390.14,"end":10390.3},{"text":"the","start":10390.3,"end":10390.38},{"text":"Israeli","start":10390.38,"end":10390.94},{"text":"genocidal","start":10390.94,"end":10391.74},{"text":"regime","start":10391.82,"end":10392.3},{"text":"does","start":10392.3,"end":10392.54},{"text":"not","start":10392.54,"end":10392.7},{"text":"deserve","start":10392.7,"end":10393.1},{"text":"any","start":10393.1,"end":10393.3},{"text":"response.","start":10393.3,"end":10393.98}]},{"text":"understand that uh they futilely attempt to abuse every un meeting to uh whitewash the genocide war crimes and crimes against humanity they're perpetrating in uh Gaza and and elsewhere but it's of no avail the world knows their true nature the threat that they pose not just to the international peace and security but to the humanity and The regime makes a mockery of international law and prohibition of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity and international humanitarian law, while its delegation allow itself to lecture others on respect for international law, including the IHL.","start":10394.57,"end":10435.53,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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Israeli regime, which is entirely based on occupation, violence and terror, and whose delegation shredded the Charter of the United Nations into pieces before the General Assembly, and I'm sure that every One of you remember what happened to GA, their delegation shredded, literally shredded the UN Charter.","start":10436.97,"end":10454.45,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. 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Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10455.41,"end":10455.57},{"text":"while","start":10455.57,"end":10455.97},{"text":"they","start":10455.97,"end":10456.09},{"text":"are","start":10456.09,"end":10456.37},{"text":"shredding","start":10456.37,"end":10456.85},{"text":"the","start":10456.85,"end":10456.93},{"text":"Geneva","start":10456.93,"end":10457.49},{"text":"Conventions","start":10457.57,"end":10458.21},{"text":"in","start":10458.21,"end":10458.29},{"text":"Gaza,","start":10458.29,"end":10458.85},{"text":"is","start":10459.09,"end":10459.33},{"text":"not","start":10459.33,"end":10459.57},{"text":"in","start":10459.57,"end":10459.65},{"text":"a","start":10459.65,"end":10459.73},{"text":"position","start":10459.73,"end":10460.29},{"text":"to","start":10460.29,"end":10460.53},{"text":"preach","start":10460.53,"end":10460.85},{"text":"international","start":10460.85,"end":10461.85},{"text":"law","start":10461.85,"end":10461.93},{"text":"and","start":10462.25,"end":10462.45},{"text":"speak","start":10462.45,"end":10462.81},{"text":"of","start":10462.81,"end":10462.93},{"text":"adherence","start":10462.93,"end":10463.57},{"text":"there","start":10463.57,"end":10463.81},{"text":"too.","start":10463.81,"end":10464.13}]},{"text":"Eventually, there is no provision of international law that the Israeli genocide on a terrorist regime has not breached and violated.","start":10464.61,"end":10471.33,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. 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Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Eventually,","start":10464.61,"end":10465.17},{"text":"there","start":10465.17,"end":10465.33},{"text":"is","start":10465.33,"end":10465.49},{"text":"no","start":10465.49,"end":10465.73},{"text":"provision","start":10465.73,"end":10466.17},{"text":"of","start":10466.17,"end":10466.29},{"text":"international","start":10466.29,"end":10467.01},{"text":"law","start":10467.01,"end":10467.09},{"text":"that","start":10467.09,"end":10467.33},{"text":"the","start":10467.33,"end":10467.45},{"text":"Israeli","start":10467.45,"end":10467.81},{"text":"genocide","start":10467.81,"end":10468.33},{"text":"on","start":10468.33,"end":10468.53},{"text":"a","start":10468.53,"end":10468.57},{"text":"terrorist","start":10468.57,"end":10468.93},{"text":"regime","start":10468.93,"end":10469.17},{"text":"has","start":10469.17,"end":10469.33},{"text":"not","start":10469.33,"end":10469.81},{"text":"breached","start":10470.13,"end":10470.53},{"text":"and","start":10470.57,"end":10470.73},{"text":"violated.","start":10470.73,"end":10471.33}]},{"text":"The regime actively commits crimes against humanity.","start":10472.21,"end":10474.85,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10472.21,"end":10472.37},{"text":"regime","start":10472.37,"end":10472.77},{"text":"actively","start":10472.77,"end":10473.29},{"text":"commits","start":10473.29,"end":10473.65},{"text":"crimes","start":10473.65,"end":10473.93},{"text":"against","start":10473.93,"end":10474.17},{"text":"humanity.","start":10474.17,"end":10474.85}]},{"text":"The United Nations relevant documents evidence crimes against humanity being committed against Palestinian people, including extermination, engaging international criminal responsibility for which the Israeli regime criminal leaders are under arrest warrant at the international level.","start":10474.93,"end":10492.97,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10474.93,"end":10475.13},{"text":"United","start":10475.13,"end":10475.65},{"text":"Nations","start":10475.65,"end":10476.01},{"text":"relevant","start":10476.01,"end":10476.41},{"text":"documents","start":10476.41,"end":10477.01},{"text":"evidence","start":10477.37,"end":10477.73},{"text":"crimes","start":10477.73,"end":10478.01},{"text":"against","start":10478.01,"end":10478.29},{"text":"humanity","start":10478.29,"end":10478.89},{"text":"being","start":10479.69,"end":10479.93},{"text":"committed","start":10479.93,"end":10480.41},{"text":"against","start":10480.41,"end":10480.77},{"text":"Palestinian","start":10480.77,"end":10481.37},{"text":"people,","start":10481.37,"end":10481.77},{"text":"including","start":10481.85,"end":10482.45},{"text":"extermination,","start":10482.45,"end":10483.29},{"text":"engaging","start":10484.41,"end":10485.01},{"text":"international","start":10485.01,"end":10485.61},{"text":"criminal","start":10485.61,"end":10485.97},{"text":"responsibility","start":10485.97,"end":10486.97},{"text":"for","start":10487.85,"end":10488.09},{"text":"which","start":10488.09,"end":10488.49},{"text":"the","start":10488.49,"end":10488.69},{"text":"Israeli","start":10488.69,"end":10489.05},{"text":"regime","start":10489.05,"end":10489.37},{"text":"criminal","start":10489.37,"end":10489.89},{"text":"leaders","start":10489.89,"end":10490.33},{"text":"are","start":10490.33,"end":10490.49},{"text":"under","start":10490.49,"end":10490.89},{"text":"arrest","start":10490.89,"end":10491.29},{"text":"warrant","start":10491.29,"end":10491.85},{"text":"at","start":10491.93,"end":10492.05},{"text":"the","start":10492.05,"end":10492.13},{"text":"international","start":10492.13,"end":10492.69},{"text":"level.","start":10492.69,"end":10492.97}]},{"text":"The regime commits and institutionalizes genocide.","start":10495.13,"end":10498.73,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10495.13,"end":10495.21},{"text":"regime","start":10495.21,"end":10495.69},{"text":"commits","start":10495.69,"end":10496.41},{"text":"and","start":10496.57,"end":10496.81},{"text":"institutionalizes","start":10496.81,"end":10498.09},{"text":"genocide.","start":10498.09,"end":10498.73}]},{"text":"On 16 September 2025, A relevant UN framework concluded that the Israeli regime had committed genocide against Palestinian people in Gaza, identifying four categories of genocidal acts under the Genocide Convention.","start":10499.49,"end":10514.97,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":10499.49,"end":10499.61},{"text":"16","start":10499.61,"end":10500.09},{"text":"September","start":10500.09,"end":10500.65},{"text":"2025,","start":10500.65,"end":10501.61},{"text":"A","start":10502.33,"end":10502.37},{"text":"relevant","start":10502.37,"end":10502.81},{"text":"UN","start":10502.81,"end":10503.13},{"text":"framework","start":10503.13,"end":10503.81},{"text":"concluded","start":10503.81,"end":10504.49},{"text":"that","start":10504.49,"end":10504.65},{"text":"the","start":10504.65,"end":10504.73},{"text":"Israeli","start":10504.73,"end":10505.17},{"text":"regime","start":10505.17,"end":10505.61},{"text":"had","start":10505.61,"end":10505.85},{"text":"committed","start":10505.85,"end":10506.41},{"text":"genocide","start":10506.41,"end":10507.05},{"text":"against","start":10507.05,"end":10507.29},{"text":"Palestinian","start":10507.29,"end":10507.93},{"text":"people","start":10507.93,"end":10508.25},{"text":"in","start":10508.25,"end":10508.41},{"text":"Gaza,","start":10508.41,"end":10508.89},{"text":"identifying","start":10509.69,"end":10510.53},{"text":"four","start":10510.53,"end":10510.89},{"text":"categories","start":10510.89,"end":10511.69},{"text":"of","start":10511.81,"end":10511.93},{"text":"genocidal","start":10511.93,"end":10512.57},{"text":"acts","start":10512.57,"end":10513.05},{"text":"under","start":10513.29,"end":10513.65},{"text":"the","start":10513.65,"end":10513.73},{"text":"Genocide","start":10513.73,"end":10514.29},{"text":"Convention.","start":10514.29,"end":10514.97}]},{"text":"The International Court of Justice also ordered provisional measures to protect rights of Palestinian people under the Genocide Convention and prevent further acts of genocide by the Israeli terrorist regime.","start":10516.13,"end":10528.17,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10516.13,"end":10516.21},{"text":"International","start":10516.21,"end":10516.89},{"text":"Court","start":10516.89,"end":10517.13},{"text":"of","start":10517.13,"end":10517.21},{"text":"Justice","start":10517.21,"end":10517.77},{"text":"also","start":10518.33,"end":10518.65},{"text":"ordered","start":10518.65,"end":10519.05},{"text":"provisional","start":10519.05,"end":10519.61},{"text":"measures","start":10519.61,"end":10520.01},{"text":"to","start":10520.01,"end":10520.13},{"text":"protect","start":10520.13,"end":10520.57},{"text":"rights","start":10520.57,"end":10520.89},{"text":"of","start":10520.89,"end":10520.97},{"text":"Palestinian","start":10520.97,"end":10521.49},{"text":"people","start":10521.49,"end":10521.93},{"text":"under","start":10522.09,"end":10522.41},{"text":"the","start":10522.41,"end":10522.49},{"text":"Genocide","start":10522.49,"end":10522.93},{"text":"Convention","start":10522.93,"end":10523.69},{"text":"and","start":10524.01,"end":10524.17},{"text":"prevent","start":10524.17,"end":10524.65},{"text":"further","start":10524.65,"end":10525.05},{"text":"acts","start":10525.05,"end":10525.33},{"text":"of","start":10525.33,"end":10525.41},{"text":"genocide","start":10525.41,"end":10526.01},{"text":"by","start":10526.17,"end":10526.33},{"text":"the","start":10526.33,"end":10526.53},{"text":"Israeli","start":10526.53,"end":10527.13},{"text":"terrorist","start":10527.37,"end":10527.77},{"text":"regime.","start":10527.77,"end":10528.17}]},{"text":"The regime perpetrates and perpetuates war crimes through attacks against civilians and civilian objects, including schools, hospitals, residential buildings, and other protected infrastructure under IHL, including in my country.","start":10529.21,"end":10542.69,"topics":[{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10529.21,"end":10529.25},{"text":"regime","start":10529.25,"end":10529.73},{"text":"perpetrates","start":10529.73,"end":10530.45},{"text":"and","start":10530.45,"end":10530.61},{"text":"perpetuates","start":10530.61,"end":10531.41},{"text":"war","start":10531.41,"end":10531.57},{"text":"crimes","start":10531.57,"end":10532.01},{"text":"through","start":10532.01,"end":10532.21},{"text":"attacks","start":10532.21,"end":10532.77},{"text":"against","start":10532.77,"end":10533.13},{"text":"civilians","start":10533.13,"end":10533.61},{"text":"and","start":10533.61,"end":10533.73},{"text":"civilian","start":10533.73,"end":10534.13},{"text":"objects,","start":10534.13,"end":10534.85},{"text":"including","start":10535.17,"end":10535.89},{"text":"schools,","start":10536.05,"end":10536.61},{"text":"hospitals,","start":10536.61,"end":10537.33},{"text":"residential","start":10537.33,"end":10538.05},{"text":"buildings,","start":10538.05,"end":10538.49},{"text":"and","start":10538.49,"end":10538.73},{"text":"other","start":10538.73,"end":10538.93},{"text":"protected","start":10538.93,"end":10539.65},{"text":"infrastructure","start":10539.65,"end":10540.49},{"text":"under","start":10540.49,"end":10540.77},{"text":"IHL,","start":10540.77,"end":10541.25},{"text":"including","start":10541.41,"end":10541.97},{"text":"in","start":10541.97,"end":10542.05},{"text":"my","start":10542.05,"end":10542.21},{"text":"country.","start":10542.21,"end":10542.69}]},{"text":"The Israeli regime flagrantly violates the UN Charter and the prohibition of aggression.","start":10543.57,"end":10548.05,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10543.57,"end":10543.69},{"text":"Israeli","start":10543.69,"end":10544.09},{"text":"regime","start":10544.09,"end":10544.37},{"text":"flagrantly","start":10544.37,"end":10545.17},{"text":"violates","start":10545.17,"end":10545.57},{"text":"the","start":10545.57,"end":10545.65},{"text":"UN","start":10545.65,"end":10545.97},{"text":"Charter","start":10545.97,"end":10546.45},{"text":"and","start":10546.53,"end":10546.81},{"text":"the","start":10546.81,"end":10546.93},{"text":"prohibition","start":10546.93,"end":10547.37},{"text":"of","start":10547.37,"end":10547.49},{"text":"aggression.","start":10547.49,"end":10548.05}]},{"text":"The regime gravely undermines IHL.","start":10548.45,"end":10550.69,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10548.45,"end":10548.57},{"text":"regime","start":10548.57,"end":10548.97},{"text":"gravely","start":10548.97,"end":10549.57},{"text":"undermines","start":10549.57,"end":10550.13},{"text":"IHL.","start":10550.13,"end":10550.69}]},{"text":"Over the past three years, more than 75,000 Palestinians have been killed.","start":10550.93,"end":10557.25,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":10550.93,"end":10551.17},{"text":"the","start":10551.17,"end":10551.25},{"text":"past","start":10551.25,"end":10551.61},{"text":"three","start":10551.61,"end":10551.81},{"text":"years,","start":10551.81,"end":10552.21},{"text":"more","start":10552.61,"end":10552.77},{"text":"than","start":10552.77,"end":10552.89},{"text":"75,000","start":10552.89,"end":10555.17},{"text":"Palestinians","start":10555.17,"end":10556.49},{"text":"have","start":10556.49,"end":10556.61},{"text":"been","start":10556.61,"end":10556.77},{"text":"killed.","start":10556.77,"end":10557.25}]},{"text":"nearly 200,000 people injured.","start":10558.01,"end":10560.33,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"nearly","start":10558.01,"end":10558.33},{"text":"200,000","start":10558.33,"end":10559.17},{"text":"people","start":10559.21,"end":10559.69},{"text":"injured.","start":10559.85,"end":10560.33}]},{"text":"In my country, thousands of people have been killed, much more injured, in the brutal hands of the Israeli regime.","start":10560.41,"end":10567.69,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10560.41,"end":10560.53},{"text":"my","start":10560.53,"end":10560.65},{"text":"country,","start":10560.65,"end":10561.21},{"text":"thousands","start":10562.25,"end":10562.69},{"text":"of","start":10562.69,"end":10562.77},{"text":"people","start":10562.77,"end":10563.05},{"text":"have","start":10563.05,"end":10563.21},{"text":"been","start":10563.21,"end":10563.37},{"text":"killed,","start":10563.37,"end":10563.85},{"text":"much","start":10564.41,"end":10564.73},{"text":"more","start":10564.73,"end":10565.05},{"text":"injured,","start":10565.05,"end":10565.53},{"text":"in","start":10565.93,"end":10566.09},{"text":"the","start":10566.09,"end":10566.17},{"text":"brutal","start":10566.17,"end":10566.49},{"text":"hands","start":10566.49,"end":10566.77},{"text":"of","start":10566.77,"end":10566.85},{"text":"the","start":10566.85,"end":10566.93},{"text":"Israeli","start":10566.93,"end":10567.33},{"text":"regime.","start":10567.33,"end":10567.69}]},{"text":"Not just provisions of international law, Madam Chair, but this very organization, the United Nations, has not been spared from the brutal attacks of the Israeli regime.","start":10570.25,"end":10578.57,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Not","start":10570.25,"end":10570.49},{"text":"just","start":10570.49,"end":10570.73},{"text":"provisions","start":10570.73,"end":10571.21},{"text":"of","start":10571.21,"end":10571.29},{"text":"international","start":10571.29,"end":10571.93},{"text":"law,","start":10571.93,"end":10572.01},{"text":"Madam","start":10572.01,"end":10572.33},{"text":"Chair,","start":10572.33,"end":10572.65},{"text":"but","start":10572.73,"end":10572.93},{"text":"this","start":10572.93,"end":10573.13},{"text":"very","start":10573.13,"end":10573.37},{"text":"organization,","start":10573.37,"end":10574.17},{"text":"the","start":10574.25,"end":10574.45},{"text":"United","start":10574.45,"end":10574.93},{"text":"Nations,","start":10574.93,"end":10575.29},{"text":"has","start":10575.29,"end":10575.45},{"text":"not","start":10575.45,"end":10575.65},{"text":"been","start":10575.65,"end":10575.85},{"text":"spared","start":10575.85,"end":10576.25},{"text":"from","start":10576.25,"end":10576.49},{"text":"the","start":10576.49,"end":10576.61},{"text":"brutal","start":10576.61,"end":10576.97},{"text":"attacks","start":10576.97,"end":10577.41},{"text":"of","start":10577.41,"end":10577.53},{"text":"the","start":10577.53,"end":10577.65},{"text":"Israeli","start":10577.69,"end":10578.17},{"text":"regime.","start":10578.17,"end":10578.57}]},{"text":"And by attack, It's not just undermining the United Nations politically through their affront to the SG and also the entire principal organs of the UN, but they literally physically attacked the organization.","start":10579.69,"end":10593.45,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10579.69,"end":10579.89},{"text":"by","start":10579.89,"end":10580.09},{"text":"attack,","start":10580.09,"end":10580.57},{"text":"It's","start":10581.25,"end":10581.45},{"text":"not","start":10581.45,"end":10581.57},{"text":"just","start":10581.57,"end":10581.85},{"text":"undermining","start":10581.85,"end":10582.65},{"text":"the","start":10582.73,"end":10582.89},{"text":"United","start":10582.89,"end":10583.33},{"text":"Nations","start":10583.33,"end":10583.69},{"text":"politically","start":10583.69,"end":10584.49},{"text":"through","start":10584.85,"end":10585.13},{"text":"their","start":10585.13,"end":10585.33},{"text":"affront","start":10585.33,"end":10585.77},{"text":"to","start":10585.77,"end":10585.85},{"text":"the","start":10585.85,"end":10585.97},{"text":"SG","start":10585.97,"end":10586.57},{"text":"and","start":10586.65,"end":10586.81},{"text":"also","start":10586.81,"end":10587.13},{"text":"the","start":10587.13,"end":10587.29},{"text":"entire","start":10587.29,"end":10587.93},{"text":"principal","start":10587.93,"end":10588.41},{"text":"organs","start":10588.41,"end":10588.77},{"text":"of","start":10588.77,"end":10588.89},{"text":"the","start":10588.89,"end":10589.01},{"text":"UN,","start":10589.01,"end":10589.37},{"text":"but","start":10590.01,"end":10590.21},{"text":"they","start":10590.21,"end":10590.29},{"text":"literally","start":10590.29,"end":10590.89},{"text":"physically","start":10590.97,"end":10591.69},{"text":"attacked","start":10591.69,"end":10592.25},{"text":"the","start":10592.41,"end":10592.61},{"text":"organization.","start":10592.61,"end":10593.45}]},{"text":"They have killed near 400,000 UN personnels in Gaza.","start":10594.41,"end":10601.13,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":10594.41,"end":10594.65},{"text":"have","start":10594.65,"end":10594.89},{"text":"killed","start":10594.89,"end":10595.29},{"text":"near","start":10595.61,"end":10596.09},{"text":"400,000","start":10596.17,"end":10598.97},{"text":"UN","start":10599.21,"end":10599.61},{"text":"personnels","start":10599.61,"end":10600.41},{"text":"in","start":10600.41,"end":10600.57},{"text":"Gaza.","start":10600.57,"end":10601.13}]},{"text":"And the SG has mentioned that this is the highest death toll in the UN history.","start":10602.25,"end":10607.53,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10602.25,"end":10602.37},{"text":"the","start":10602.37,"end":10602.45},{"text":"SG","start":10602.45,"end":10602.81},{"text":"has","start":10602.81,"end":10603.05},{"text":"mentioned","start":10603.05,"end":10603.57},{"text":"that","start":10603.61,"end":10603.85},{"text":"this","start":10603.85,"end":10604.09},{"text":"is","start":10604.09,"end":10604.25},{"text":"the","start":10604.25,"end":10604.33},{"text":"highest","start":10604.33,"end":10604.89},{"text":"death","start":10604.97,"end":10605.45},{"text":"toll","start":10605.85,"end":10606.25},{"text":"in","start":10606.33,"end":10606.49},{"text":"the","start":10606.49,"end":10606.61},{"text":"UN","start":10606.61,"end":10607.05},{"text":"history.","start":10607.05,"end":10607.53}]},{"text":"So it's really an irony, a dark irony and a mockery of IHL that the Israeli regime is allowed to preach others on IHL.","start":10608.93,"end":10615.73,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":10608.93,"end":10609.01},{"text":"it's","start":10609.01,"end":10609.25},{"text":"really","start":10609.25,"end":10609.53},{"text":"an","start":10609.53,"end":10609.65},{"text":"irony,","start":10609.65,"end":10610.09},{"text":"a","start":10610.09,"end":10610.13},{"text":"dark","start":10610.13,"end":10610.45},{"text":"irony","start":10610.45,"end":10610.89},{"text":"and","start":10610.89,"end":10611.05},{"text":"a","start":10611.05,"end":10611.09},{"text":"mockery","start":10611.09,"end":10611.57},{"text":"of","start":10611.57,"end":10611.73},{"text":"IHL","start":10611.73,"end":10612.21},{"text":"that","start":10612.21,"end":10612.37},{"text":"the","start":10612.37,"end":10612.49},{"text":"Israeli","start":10612.49,"end":10612.89},{"text":"regime","start":10612.89,"end":10613.17},{"text":"is","start":10613.17,"end":10613.29},{"text":"allowed","start":10613.29,"end":10613.61},{"text":"to","start":10613.61,"end":10613.97},{"text":"preach","start":10614.29,"end":10614.61},{"text":"others","start":10614.61,"end":10615.01},{"text":"on","start":10615.01,"end":10615.09},{"text":"IHL.","start":10615.09,"end":10615.73}]},{"text":"And you witness how they try to interpret IHL in a way that would enable or allow them, in their view, to commit genocide and continue killing people, children, women in Palestine and elsewhere.","start":10616.01,"end":10627.97,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10616.01,"end":10616.17},{"text":"you","start":10616.17,"end":10616.29},{"text":"witness","start":10616.29,"end":10616.65},{"text":"how","start":10616.65,"end":10616.85},{"text":"they","start":10616.85,"end":10617.01},{"text":"try","start":10617.01,"end":10617.33},{"text":"to","start":10617.33,"end":10617.65},{"text":"interpret","start":10617.97,"end":10618.77},{"text":"IHL","start":10619.01,"end":10619.57},{"text":"in","start":10619.57,"end":10619.73},{"text":"a","start":10619.73,"end":10619.77},{"text":"way","start":10619.77,"end":10620.05},{"text":"that","start":10620.05,"end":10620.17},{"text":"would","start":10620.17,"end":10620.45},{"text":"enable","start":10620.53,"end":10621.09},{"text":"or","start":10621.17,"end":10621.41},{"text":"allow","start":10621.41,"end":10621.73},{"text":"them,","start":10621.73,"end":10622.05},{"text":"in","start":10622.13,"end":10622.33},{"text":"their","start":10622.33,"end":10622.53},{"text":"view,","start":10622.53,"end":10622.85},{"text":"to","start":10623.17,"end":10623.25},{"text":"commit","start":10623.25,"end":10623.53},{"text":"genocide","start":10623.53,"end":10624.05},{"text":"and","start":10624.05,"end":10624.17},{"text":"continue","start":10624.17,"end":10624.61},{"text":"killing","start":10624.61,"end":10624.89},{"text":"people,","start":10624.89,"end":10625.25},{"text":"children,","start":10625.25,"end":10625.73},{"text":"women","start":10625.73,"end":10626.13},{"text":"in","start":10626.69,"end":10626.85},{"text":"Palestine","start":10626.85,"end":10627.41},{"text":"and","start":10627.41,"end":10627.53},{"text":"elsewhere.","start":10627.53,"end":10627.97}]},{"text":"And we are sure that they will be held accountable under international law for every single life they have taken.","start":10629.01,"end":10635.57,"topics":[{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10629.01,"end":10629.25},{"text":"we","start":10629.25,"end":10629.33},{"text":"are","start":10629.33,"end":10629.41},{"text":"sure","start":10629.41,"end":10629.89},{"text":"that","start":10630.13,"end":10630.45},{"text":"they","start":10630.45,"end":10630.69},{"text":"will","start":10630.69,"end":10630.85},{"text":"be","start":10630.85,"end":10630.97},{"text":"held","start":10630.97,"end":10631.29},{"text":"accountable","start":10631.29,"end":10631.97},{"text":"under","start":10631.97,"end":10632.25},{"text":"international","start":10632.25,"end":10633.05},{"text":"law","start":10633.05,"end":10633.13},{"text":"for","start":10633.49,"end":10633.73},{"text":"every","start":10633.73,"end":10633.97},{"text":"single","start":10633.97,"end":10634.45},{"text":"life","start":10634.45,"end":10634.69},{"text":"they","start":10634.69,"end":10634.85},{"text":"have","start":10634.85,"end":10635.09},{"text":"taken.","start":10635.09,"end":10635.57}]},{"text":"We should be clear, the Israeli regime is not just a threat to the international peace and security, it is at war with humanity.","start":10636.05,"end":10644.61,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10636.05,"end":10636.25},{"text":"should","start":10636.25,"end":10636.45},{"text":"be","start":10636.45,"end":10636.85},{"text":"clear,","start":10637.65,"end":10638.05},{"text":"the","start":10638.29,"end":10638.49},{"text":"Israeli","start":10638.49,"end":10638.81},{"text":"regime","start":10638.81,"end":10639.33},{"text":"is","start":10639.81,"end":10639.97},{"text":"not","start":10639.97,"end":10640.13},{"text":"just","start":10640.13,"end":10640.45},{"text":"a","start":10640.45,"end":10640.49},{"text":"threat","start":10640.49,"end":10640.89},{"text":"to","start":10640.89,"end":10640.97},{"text":"the","start":10640.97,"end":10641.05},{"text":"international","start":10641.05,"end":10641.61},{"text":"peace","start":10641.61,"end":10641.73},{"text":"and","start":10641.73,"end":10641.85},{"text":"security,","start":10641.85,"end":10642.37},{"text":"it","start":10642.45,"end":10642.61},{"text":"is","start":10642.61,"end":10642.77},{"text":"at","start":10642.77,"end":10643.01},{"text":"war","start":10643.01,"end":10643.41},{"text":"with","start":10643.65,"end":10643.89},{"text":"humanity.","start":10643.89,"end":10644.61}]},{"text":"Look at just the death tolls that they have brought upon by their aggression and egregious crimes in the region.","start":10644.61,"end":10650.69,"topics":[{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."}],"words":[{"text":"Look","start":10644.61,"end":10644.81},{"text":"at","start":10644.81,"end":10644.93},{"text":"just","start":10644.93,"end":10645.21},{"text":"the","start":10645.21,"end":10645.29},{"text":"death","start":10645.29,"end":10645.57},{"text":"tolls","start":10645.57,"end":10646.05},{"text":"that","start":10646.53,"end":10646.69},{"text":"they","start":10646.69,"end":10646.93},{"text":"have","start":10646.93,"end":10647.25},{"text":"brought","start":10647.33,"end":10647.65},{"text":"upon","start":10647.65,"end":10647.97},{"text":"by","start":10647.97,"end":10648.13},{"text":"their","start":10648.13,"end":10648.33},{"text":"aggression","start":10648.33,"end":10648.93},{"text":"and","start":10649.25,"end":10649.45},{"text":"egregious","start":10649.45,"end":10649.89},{"text":"crimes","start":10649.89,"end":10650.17},{"text":"in","start":10650.17,"end":10650.25},{"text":"the","start":10650.25,"end":10650.33},{"text":"region.","start":10650.33,"end":10650.69}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10651.41,"end":10651.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10651.41,"end":10651.49},{"text":"thank","start":10651.49,"end":10651.77},{"text":"you.","start":10651.77,"end":10651.85}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"IRN","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Iran (Islamic Republic of)"}},{"statement_number":67,"start":10658.69,"pageUrl":"/es/ga/c6/81/18?lang=en&t=2:57:39","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Iran for the statement.","start":10658.69,"end":10662.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10658.69,"end":10658.73},{"text":"thank","start":10658.73,"end":10659.05},{"text":"the","start":10659.13,"end":10659.21},{"text":"distinguished","start":10659.65,"end":10660.17},{"text":"representative","start":10660.17,"end":10661.01},{"text":"of","start":10661.01,"end":10661.09},{"text":"Iran","start":10661.09,"end":10661.57},{"text":"for","start":10661.57,"end":10661.89},{"text":"the","start":10661.89,"end":10661.97},{"text":"statement.","start":10661.97,"end":10662.69}]},{"text":"I have no further requests for the floor.","start":10663.33,"end":10665.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10663.33,"end":10663.41},{"text":"have","start":10663.41,"end":10663.65},{"text":"no","start":10663.65,"end":10663.97},{"text":"further","start":10663.97,"end":10664.33},{"text":"requests","start":10664.33,"end":10664.77},{"text":"for","start":10664.77,"end":10664.93},{"text":"the","start":10664.93,"end":10665.01},{"text":"floor.","start":10665.01,"end":10665.49}]},{"text":"In accordance with the revised programme of work circulated yesterday, the Sixth Committee will continue the consideration of agenda item 81, Status of the Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and relating to the Protection of Victims of Armed Conflict, on Monday morning at 10 a.m.","start":10666.25,"end":10686.65,"topics":[{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective 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which, we will turn to the consideration of new requests for the grant of observer status in order to hear the introduction of the draft resolution under agenda item 178, observer status for the Parliamentary Assembly of La Francophonie in the General Assembly.","start":10687.05,"end":10704.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Following","start":10687.05,"end":10687.45},{"text":"which,","start":10687.45,"end":10687.77},{"text":"we","start":10687.77,"end":10687.89},{"text":"will","start":10687.89,"end":10688.09},{"text":"turn","start":10688.09,"end":10688.33},{"text":"to","start":10688.33,"end":10688.45},{"text":"the","start":10688.45,"end":10688.53},{"text":"consideration","start":10688.53,"end":10689.53},{"text":"of","start":10689.57,"end":10689.69},{"text":"new","start":10689.69,"end":10689.93},{"text":"requests","start":10689.93,"end":10690.57},{"text":"for","start":10690.57,"end":10690.73},{"text":"the","start":10690.73,"end":10690.81},{"text":"grant","start":10690.81,"end":10691.17},{"text":"of","start":10691.17,"end":10691.29},{"text":"observer","start":10691.29,"end":10691.89},{"text":"status","start":10691.89,"end":10692.57},{"text":"in","start":10692.97,"end":10693.13},{"text":"order","start":10693.13,"end":10693.41},{"text":"to","start":10693.41,"end":10693.53},{"text":"hear","start":10693.53,"end":10693.77},{"text":"the","start":10693.77,"end":10693.89},{"text":"introduction","start":10693.89,"end":10694.69},{"text":"of","start":10694.69,"end":10694.81},{"text":"the","start":10694.81,"end":10694.89},{"text":"draft","start":10694.89,"end":10695.29},{"text":"resolution","start":10695.29,"end":10696.17},{"text":"under","start":10696.49,"end":10696.89},{"text":"agenda","start":10696.89,"end":10697.33},{"text":"item","start":10697.33,"end":10697.77},{"text":"178,","start":10697.77,"end":10698.73},{"text":"observer","start":10699.05,"end":10699.53},{"text":"status","start":10699.53,"end":10700.17},{"text":"for","start":10700.17,"end":10700.41},{"text":"the","start":10700.41,"end":10700.49},{"text":"Parliamentary","start":10700.49,"end":10701.29},{"text":"Assembly","start":10701.29,"end":10702.09},{"text":"of","start":10702.09,"end":10702.33},{"text":"La","start":10702.33,"end":10702.49},{"text":"Francophonie","start":10702.49,"end":10703.45},{"text":"in","start":10703.45,"end":10703.61},{"text":"the","start":10703.61,"end":10703.73},{"text":"General","start":10703.73,"end":10704.17},{"text":"Assembly.","start":10704.17,"end":10704.81}]},{"text":"The Committee will then turn its attention to the consideration of agenda item 76, report of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law on the work of its 59th 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accordance with the revised programme of work, the consideration of agenda item 83, report of the Special Committee on the Charter of the United Nations and on the strengthening of the role of the Organization has been rescheduled to next Thursday and is expected to continue into Friday 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afternoon, the Working Group on Measures to Eliminate International Terrorism will hold its first meeting.","start":10738.41,"end":10744.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10738.41,"end":10738.65},{"text":"afternoon,","start":10738.65,"end":10739.37},{"text":"the","start":10739.37,"end":10739.61},{"text":"Working","start":10739.61,"end":10740.01},{"text":"Group","start":10740.01,"end":10740.25},{"text":"on","start":10740.25,"end":10740.49},{"text":"Measures","start":10740.49,"end":10740.97},{"text":"to","start":10740.97,"end":10741.09},{"text":"Eliminate","start":10741.09,"end":10741.69},{"text":"International","start":10741.69,"end":10742.57},{"text":"Terrorism","start":10742.57,"end":10743.29},{"text":"will","start":10743.29,"end":10743.49},{"text":"hold","start":10743.49,"end":10743.77},{"text":"its","start":10743.77,"end":10744.01},{"text":"first","start":10744.01,"end":10744.49},{"text":"meeting.","start":10744.49,"end":10744.97}]},{"text":"Tomorrow 00 p.m. in this room.","start":10745.53,"end":10750.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Tomorrow","start":10745.53,"end":10746.25},{"text":"00","start":10747.01,"end":10749.17},{"text":"p.m.","start":10749.17,"end":10749.73},{"text":"in","start":10749.73,"end":10749.93},{"text":"this","start":10749.93,"end":10750.21},{"text":"room.","start":10750.21,"end":10750.53}]},{"text":"This will be followed by the annual informal briefing on agenda item 150, administration of justice at the United Nations.","start":10750.85,"end":10759.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10750.85,"end":10751.09},{"text":"will","start":10751.09,"end":10751.21},{"text":"be","start":10751.21,"end":10751.33},{"text":"followed","start":10751.33,"end":10751.73},{"text":"by","start":10751.73,"end":10751.97},{"text":"the","start":10751.97,"end":10752.09},{"text":"annual","start":10752.09,"end":10752.69},{"text":"informal","start":10752.69,"end":10753.25},{"text":"briefing","start":10753.25,"end":10753.89},{"text":"on","start":10753.89,"end":10754.05},{"text":"agenda","start":10754.05,"end":10754.53},{"text":"item","start":10754.53,"end":10755.01},{"text":"150,","start":10755.01,"end":10755.77},{"text":"administration","start":10755.77,"end":10756.69},{"text":"of","start":10756.69,"end":10756.85},{"text":"justice","start":10756.85,"end":10757.49},{"text":"at","start":10757.73,"end":10757.93},{"text":"the","start":10757.93,"end":10758.01},{"text":"United","start":10758.01,"end":10758.61},{"text":"Nations.","start":10758.61,"end":10759.25}]},{"text":"I also recall that the informal consultations on agenda item 124, revitalization of the work of the General Assembly, will be held during the lunch break, beginning at 1:15 p.m.","start":10759.73,"end":10772.05,"topics":[{"key":"mandate-review","label":"Mandate Implementation Review","description":"Speakers discussed efforts to review UN mandates so they are more focused on impact, less duplicative, and easier for Member States to manage. This included concept notes for new resolutions, review clauses for mandates, and a broader push to improve General Assembly working methods."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10759.73,"end":10759.89},{"text":"also","start":10759.89,"end":10760.21},{"text":"recall","start":10760.21,"end":10760.69},{"text":"that","start":10760.69,"end":10760.85},{"text":"the","start":10760.85,"end":10760.97},{"text":"informal","start":10760.97,"end":10761.65},{"text":"consultations","start":10761.65,"end":10762.81},{"text":"on","start":10762.81,"end":10763.01},{"text":"agenda","start":10763.01,"end":10763.49},{"text":"item","start":10763.49,"end":10764.05},{"text":"124,","start":10764.05,"end":10764.93},{"text":"revitalization","start":10764.93,"end":10766.01},{"text":"of","start":10766.01,"end":10766.13},{"text":"the","start":10766.13,"end":10766.21},{"text":"work","start":10766.21,"end":10766.53},{"text":"of","start":10766.53,"end":10766.61},{"text":"the","start":10766.61,"end":10766.73},{"text":"General","start":10766.73,"end":10767.17},{"text":"Assembly,","start":10767.17,"end":10767.81},{"text":"will","start":10768.05,"end":10768.29},{"text":"be","start":10768.29,"end":10768.41},{"text":"held","start":10768.41,"end":10768.73},{"text":"during","start":10768.73,"end":10769.05},{"text":"the","start":10769.05,"end":10769.17},{"text":"lunch","start":10769.17,"end":10769.57},{"text":"break,","start":10769.57,"end":10769.89},{"text":"beginning","start":10769.97,"end":10770.45},{"text":"at","start":10770.45,"end":10771.33},{"text":"1:15","start":10771.65,"end":10771.69},{"text":"p.m.","start":10771.69,"end":10772.05}]},{"text":"Finally, delegations are reminded that as was decided at the first meeting of the committee, the deadline to inscribe for the debate on the agenda items scheduled for next week in plenary is this afternoon at 5:00 p.m.","start":10772.89,"end":10786.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":10772.89,"end":10773.45},{"text":"delegations","start":10773.45,"end":10774.25},{"text":"are","start":10774.25,"end":10774.45},{"text":"reminded","start":10774.45,"end":10775.13},{"text":"that","start":10775.13,"end":10775.53},{"text":"as","start":10775.53,"end":10775.69},{"text":"was","start":10775.69,"end":10775.93},{"text":"decided","start":10775.93,"end":10776.41},{"text":"at","start":10776.41,"end":10776.49},{"text":"the","start":10776.49,"end":10776.61},{"text":"first","start":10776.61,"end":10776.97},{"text":"meeting","start":10776.97,"end":10777.29},{"text":"of","start":10777.29,"end":10777.37},{"text":"the","start":10777.37,"end":10777.53},{"text":"committee,","start":10777.53,"end":10778.09},{"text":"the","start":10778.41,"end":10778.57},{"text":"deadline","start":10778.57,"end":10779.05},{"text":"to","start":10779.05,"end":10779.21},{"text":"inscribe","start":10779.21,"end":10779.77},{"text":"for","start":10779.77,"end":10780.01},{"text":"the","start":10780.01,"end":10780.09},{"text":"debate","start":10780.09,"end":10780.57},{"text":"on","start":10780.57,"end":10780.73},{"text":"the","start":10780.73,"end":10780.85},{"text":"agenda","start":10781.21,"end":10781.73},{"text":"items","start":10781.73,"end":10782.29},{"text":"scheduled","start":10782.29,"end":10782.89},{"text":"for","start":10782.89,"end":10783.21},{"text":"next","start":10783.21,"end":10783.81},{"text":"week","start":10783.81,"end":10783.97},{"text":"in","start":10783.97,"end":10784.09},{"text":"plenary","start":10784.09,"end":10784.65},{"text":"is","start":10784.65,"end":10784.89},{"text":"this","start":10784.89,"end":10785.21},{"text":"afternoon","start":10785.21,"end":10785.85},{"text":"at","start":10785.85,"end":10786.09},{"text":"5:00","start":10786.09,"end":10786.13},{"text":"p.m.","start":10786.17,"end":10786.81}]},{"text":"The meeting is adjourned.","start":10787.21,"end":10788.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10787.21,"end":10787.29},{"text":"meeting","start":10787.29,"end":10787.77},{"text":"is","start":10787.77,"end":10788.01},{"text":"adjourned.","start":10788.01,"end":10788.49}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}}],"topics":[{"key":"digital-tools","label":"Digital Tools for Delegations","description":"Several interventions focused on new Secretariat tools to help delegations track mandates, resolutions, budgets, reports, focal points, and meeting transcripts. These tools were presented as a way to reduce workload, improve research, and support more evidence-based negotiations."},{"key":"gaza-palestine","label":"Gaza and the Occupied Palestinian Territory","description":"Multiple statements focused on the application of international humanitarian law in Gaza and the occupied Palestinian territory, including alleged attacks on civilians, humanitarian access, occupation, and the obligations of third states. Israel also addressed the issue from its own legal and operational perspective, particularly regarding customary IHL and asymmetric warfare."},{"key":"mandate-review","label":"Mandate Implementation Review","description":"Speakers discussed efforts to review UN mandates so they are more focused on impact, less duplicative, and easier for Member States to manage. This included concept notes for new resolutions, review clauses for mandates, and a broader push to improve General Assembly working methods."},{"key":"ihl-accountability","label":"Accountability for IHL Violations","description":"Speakers stressed that serious violations of international humanitarian law must be investigated and prosecuted, whether through national courts, universal jurisdiction, or international mechanisms. The International Criminal Court was repeatedly cited as an essential institution in combating impunity."},{"key":"civilian-protection","label":"Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict","description":"Numerous statements emphasized the need to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, medical personnel, humanitarian workers, children, and other protected persons during hostilities. Delegates repeatedly referred to the core IHL principles of distinction, proportionality, and precautions in attack."},{"key":"additional-protocols","label":"Universalization of the Additional Protocols","description":"Many delegations called for wider accession to the Additional Protocols to the 1949 Geneva Conventions and reaffirmed their continued legal and humanitarian importance. The discussion stressed that broader participation remains an important objective alongside effective implementation."},{"key":"emerging-technologies","label":"Emerging Technologies and Warfare","description":"Several delegations addressed how international humanitarian law applies to new means and methods of warfare, including artificial intelligence, cyber operations, autonomous weapons systems, and other evolving technologies. The common concern was that technological change must not weaken existing protections for civilians."},{"key":"fact-finding-commission","label":"International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission","description":"A number of speakers highlighted the role of the International Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission under Article 90 of Additional Protocol I. Delegations encouraged broader recognition of its competence and referred to its potential value in clarifying incidents and supporting compliance with IHL."},{"key":"political-commitment-ihl","label":"Global Political Commitment to IHL","description":"Many interventions referred to the ICRC-backed global initiative to galvanize political commitment to international humanitarian law and the related high-level conference in Jordan. The initiative was presented as a way to turn broad legal obligations into practical recommendations and stronger political follow-through."},{"key":"national-ihl-implementation","label":"National Implementation of International Humanitarian Law","description":"A major theme was how states translate international humanitarian law into domestic legislation, military doctrine, training, interagency coordination, and national committees. Delegations highlighted voluntary national reports, legal reforms, manuals, and dissemination efforts as key tools for compliance."}]}}