{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k18/k18iyx0b03","kaltura_id":"1_8iyx0b03","title":"2026 International Patriotic Pact Organization Forum (Autumn) - Morning Session","clean_title":"2026 International Patriotic Pact Organization Forum (Autumn) - Morning Session","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03","date":"2026-09-21T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-09-21T06:30:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"02:37:50","category":"Agencies, Funds & Programmes","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k18/k18iyx0b03"},"metadata":{"summary":null,"description":null,"categories":[],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-04750678-10e1-47c3-881d-4971b48b5055","language":"en","timestamps_flagged":true,"timestamps_note":"UN Web TV re-edited this video after the transcript was created; timestamps may no longer match the current video.","original_duration_seconds":13658,"current_duration_seconds":9470,"data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":3931.31,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=1:05:32","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Founder of IPO. Cheers. Experts.","start":3931.31,"end":3937.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Founder","start":3931.31,"end":3931.95},{"text":"of","start":3932.03,"end":3932.43},{"text":"IPO.","start":3932.47,"end":3932.83},{"text":"Cheers.","start":3934.83,"end":3935.31},{"text":"Experts.","start":3936.99,"end":3937.71}]},{"text":"Good morning.","start":3940.27,"end":3940.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":3940.27,"end":3940.43},{"text":"morning.","start":3940.43,"end":3940.83}]},{"text":"In this month of peace and hope, we meeting beautiful Nairobi.","start":3943.07,"end":3948.19,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3943.07,"end":3943.23},{"text":"this","start":3943.23,"end":3943.55},{"text":"month","start":3943.55,"end":3943.87},{"text":"of","start":3943.87,"end":3944.03},{"text":"peace","start":3944.03,"end":3944.39},{"text":"and","start":3944.39,"end":3944.51},{"text":"hope,","start":3944.51,"end":3944.83},{"text":"we","start":3945.71,"end":3946.03},{"text":"meeting","start":3946.03,"end":3946.67},{"text":"beautiful","start":3946.91,"end":3947.47},{"text":"Nairobi.","start":3947.47,"end":3948.19}]},{"text":"To jointly open the 2026 IPO.","start":3949.39,"end":3953.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":3949.39,"end":3949.55},{"text":"jointly","start":3949.55,"end":3950.19},{"text":"open","start":3950.27,"end":3950.75},{"text":"the","start":3950.75,"end":3950.87},{"text":"2026","start":3950.87,"end":3952.43},{"text":"IPO.","start":3952.63,"end":3953.07}]},{"text":"Autumn Forum.","start":3953.83,"end":3955.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Autumn","start":3953.83,"end":3954.31},{"text":"Forum.","start":3954.55,"end":3955.11}]},{"text":"First, on behalf of the organizers, I warmly welcome all IPU co-initiators and friends from around the world.","start":3959.35,"end":3969.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3959.35,"end":3959.83},{"text":"on","start":3959.83,"end":3959.91},{"text":"behalf","start":3959.91,"end":3960.47},{"text":"of","start":3960.47,"end":3960.55},{"text":"the","start":3960.55,"end":3960.67},{"text":"organizers,","start":3960.67,"end":3961.43},{"text":"I","start":3962.47,"end":3962.71},{"text":"warmly","start":3962.79,"end":3963.35},{"text":"welcome","start":3963.35,"end":3963.91},{"text":"all","start":3963.99,"end":3964.23},{"text":"IPU","start":3964.23,"end":3964.79},{"text":"co-initiators","start":3964.79,"end":3965.91},{"text":"and","start":3965.91,"end":3966.19},{"text":"friends","start":3966.95,"end":3967.59},{"text":"from","start":3968.79,"end":3969.03},{"text":"around","start":3969.03,"end":3969.27},{"text":"the","start":3969.27,"end":3969.35},{"text":"world.","start":3969.35,"end":3969.75}]},{"text":"Welcome.","start":3969.91,"end":3970.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Welcome.","start":3969.91,"end":3970.39}]},{"text":"I also thank relevant UN bodies, representatives of Member States and international civil society groups for supporting this forum.","start":3972.95,"end":3986.35,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."},{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3972.95,"end":3973.11},{"text":"also","start":3973.11,"end":3973.43},{"text":"thank","start":3973.43,"end":3973.83},{"text":"relevant","start":3974.71,"end":3975.27},{"text":"UN","start":3975.43,"end":3975.75},{"text":"bodies,","start":3975.75,"end":3976.31},{"text":"representatives","start":3976.47,"end":3977.23},{"text":"of","start":3977.23,"end":3977.35},{"text":"Member","start":3977.35,"end":3977.67},{"text":"States","start":3977.67,"end":3978.23},{"text":"and","start":3978.79,"end":3979.19},{"text":"international","start":3979.19,"end":3980.07},{"text":"civil","start":3983.63,"end":3983.91},{"text":"society","start":3983.91,"end":3984.35},{"text":"groups","start":3984.35,"end":3984.75},{"text":"for","start":3984.83,"end":3985.15},{"text":"supporting","start":3985.15,"end":3985.63},{"text":"this","start":3985.63,"end":3985.87},{"text":"forum.","start":3985.87,"end":3986.35}]},{"text":"Today, we jointly gather here to continue the successful dialogue that began in Geneva this spring.","start":3987.39,"end":4000.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":3987.39,"end":3987.79},{"text":"we","start":3989.31,"end":3989.71},{"text":"jointly","start":3989.71,"end":3990.35},{"text":"gather","start":3991.15,"end":3991.47},{"text":"here","start":3991.47,"end":3991.87},{"text":"to","start":3992.19,"end":3992.35},{"text":"continue","start":3992.35,"end":3992.99},{"text":"the","start":3992.99,"end":3993.11},{"text":"successful","start":3993.31,"end":3993.99},{"text":"dialogue","start":3993.99,"end":3994.59},{"text":"that","start":3995.87,"end":3996.11},{"text":"began","start":3996.11,"end":3996.75},{"text":"in","start":3998.51,"end":3998.91},{"text":"Geneva","start":3998.91,"end":3999.39},{"text":"this","start":3999.39,"end":3999.67},{"text":"spring.","start":3999.67,"end":4000.11}]},{"text":"Today is the International Day of Peace.","start":4001.39,"end":4004.43,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Today","start":4001.39,"end":4001.87},{"text":"is","start":4001.87,"end":4002.19},{"text":"the","start":4002.19,"end":4002.31},{"text":"International","start":4002.75,"end":4003.55},{"text":"Day","start":4003.55,"end":4003.75},{"text":"of","start":4003.75,"end":4003.87},{"text":"Peace.","start":4003.87,"end":4004.43}]},{"text":"We will discuss the topic that is core to all human race.","start":4005.47,"end":4011.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4005.47,"end":4005.63},{"text":"will","start":4005.63,"end":4005.75},{"text":"discuss","start":4005.75,"end":4006.35},{"text":"the","start":4006.67,"end":4006.87},{"text":"topic","start":4008.19,"end":4008.75},{"text":"that","start":4009.07,"end":4009.31},{"text":"is","start":4009.31,"end":4009.47},{"text":"core","start":4009.47,"end":4009.95},{"text":"to","start":4010.19,"end":4010.35},{"text":"all","start":4010.35,"end":4010.59},{"text":"human","start":4010.59,"end":4010.99},{"text":"race.","start":4010.99,"end":4011.47}]},{"text":"the International Patriotic Pact, and every nation's right to develop.","start":4012.71,"end":4016.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":4012.71,"end":4012.83},{"text":"International","start":4012.83,"end":4013.43},{"text":"Patriotic","start":4013.43,"end":4014.07},{"text":"Pact,","start":4014.07,"end":4014.47},{"text":"and","start":4014.47,"end":4014.79},{"text":"every","start":4014.79,"end":4015.03},{"text":"nation's","start":4015.03,"end":4015.47},{"text":"right","start":4015.47,"end":4015.63},{"text":"to","start":4015.63,"end":4015.71},{"text":"develop.","start":4015.71,"end":4016.23}]},{"text":"We will discuss a new international order for peace.","start":4016.87,"end":4019.51,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4016.87,"end":4016.99},{"text":"will","start":4016.99,"end":4017.11},{"text":"discuss","start":4017.11,"end":4017.67},{"text":"a","start":4017.67,"end":4017.71},{"text":"new","start":4017.71,"end":4017.91},{"text":"international","start":4017.91,"end":4018.55},{"text":"order","start":4018.55,"end":4018.79},{"text":"for","start":4018.79,"end":4018.95},{"text":"peace.","start":4018.95,"end":4019.51}]},{"text":"The world is going through major changes.","start":4020.31,"end":4022.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4020.31,"end":4020.47},{"text":"world","start":4020.47,"end":4020.75},{"text":"is","start":4020.75,"end":4020.87},{"text":"going","start":4020.87,"end":4021.11},{"text":"through","start":4021.11,"end":4021.35},{"text":"major","start":4021.35,"end":4021.83},{"text":"changes.","start":4021.83,"end":4022.63}]},{"text":"Peace and development face serious threats.","start":4023.59,"end":4027.91,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Peace","start":4023.59,"end":4023.99},{"text":"and","start":4023.99,"end":4024.11},{"text":"development","start":4024.11,"end":4024.87},{"text":"face","start":4025.43,"end":4025.83},{"text":"serious","start":4026.79,"end":4027.43},{"text":"threats.","start":4027.43,"end":4027.91}]},{"text":"Unilateralism, hegemonic practices, extraterritorial measures are all making international relations less democratic.","start":4029.51,"end":4040.79,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Unilateralism,","start":4029.51,"end":4030.55},{"text":"hegemonic","start":4031.11,"end":4031.83},{"text":"practices,","start":4032.15,"end":4033.11},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":4033.51,"end":4035.11},{"text":"measures","start":4035.11,"end":4035.67},{"text":"are","start":4035.67,"end":4035.83},{"text":"all","start":4035.83,"end":4035.91},{"text":"making","start":4035.91,"end":4036.31},{"text":"international","start":4036.31,"end":4037.27},{"text":"relations","start":4037.27,"end":4038.15},{"text":"less","start":4039.63,"end":4039.91},{"text":"democratic.","start":4039.91,"end":4040.79}]},{"text":"They're also harming the right to development for developing countries and peoples.","start":4041.43,"end":4046.67,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"They're","start":4041.43,"end":4041.55},{"text":"also","start":4041.55,"end":4041.87},{"text":"harming","start":4041.87,"end":4042.27},{"text":"the","start":4042.27,"end":4042.43},{"text":"right","start":4042.43,"end":4042.99},{"text":"to","start":4043.23,"end":4043.39},{"text":"development","start":4043.39,"end":4044.19},{"text":"for","start":4044.43,"end":4044.67},{"text":"developing","start":4044.67,"end":4045.15},{"text":"countries","start":4045.15,"end":4045.87},{"text":"and","start":4045.87,"end":4046.03},{"text":"peoples.","start":4046.03,"end":4046.67}]},{"text":"In this context, the International Patriotic Pact and its principles are especially important.","start":4046.99,"end":4055.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4046.99,"end":4047.11},{"text":"this","start":4047.11,"end":4047.27},{"text":"context,","start":4047.27,"end":4048.03},{"text":"the","start":4048.59,"end":4048.79},{"text":"International","start":4049.07,"end":4049.71},{"text":"Patriotic","start":4049.71,"end":4050.35},{"text":"Pact","start":4050.35,"end":4050.99},{"text":"and","start":4052.27,"end":4052.51},{"text":"its","start":4052.51,"end":4052.67},{"text":"principles","start":4052.67,"end":4053.47},{"text":"are","start":4053.87,"end":4053.99},{"text":"especially","start":4053.99,"end":4054.47},{"text":"important.","start":4054.47,"end":4055.07}]},{"text":"Its core principle is love your country without harming others.","start":4055.07,"end":4058.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":4055.07,"end":4055.23},{"text":"core","start":4055.23,"end":4055.55},{"text":"principle","start":4055.55,"end":4056.19},{"text":"is","start":4056.19,"end":4056.51},{"text":"love","start":4056.51,"end":4056.67},{"text":"your","start":4056.67,"end":4056.79},{"text":"country","start":4056.79,"end":4057.19},{"text":"without","start":4057.19,"end":4057.47},{"text":"harming","start":4057.47,"end":4057.87},{"text":"others.","start":4057.87,"end":4058.35}]},{"text":"The pact unites civil society around justice.","start":4059.39,"end":4063.47,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4487.99,"end":4488.19},{"text":"illegal","start":4488.23,"end":4488.71},{"text":"use","start":4488.71,"end":4489.27},{"text":"of","start":4489.39,"end":4489.51},{"text":"armed","start":4489.51,"end":4489.83},{"text":"force","start":4489.83,"end":4490.47},{"text":"in","start":4490.87,"end":4491.11},{"text":"blatant","start":4491.11,"end":4491.71},{"text":"violation","start":4491.71,"end":4492.55},{"text":"of","start":4492.55,"end":4492.71},{"text":"the","start":4492.71,"end":4492.79},{"text":"United","start":4492.79,"end":4493.35},{"text":"Nations","start":4493.35,"end":4493.79},{"text":"Charter","start":4493.79,"end":4494.39},{"text":"against","start":4495.03,"end":4495.55},{"text":"the","start":4495.55,"end":4495.67},{"text":"sovereignty","start":4495.67,"end":4496.55},{"text":"and","start":4496.55,"end":4496.79},{"text":"territorial","start":4496.79,"end":4497.63},{"text":"integrity","start":4497.63,"end":4498.55},{"text":"of","start":4498.59,"end":4498.79},{"text":"countries","start":4498.79,"end":4499.59},{"text":"in","start":4500.23,"end":4500.47},{"text":"different","start":4500.47,"end":4501.07},{"text":"regions","start":4501.11,"end":4501.83},{"text":"and","start":4501.91,"end":4502.15},{"text":"continents","start":4502.15,"end":4503.03},{"text":"has","start":4503.35,"end":4503.59},{"text":"not","start":4503.59,"end":4503.83},{"text":"only","start":4503.83,"end":4504.15},{"text":"profoundly","start":4504.15,"end":4505.03},{"text":"destabilized","start":4505.03,"end":4506.11},{"text":"global","start":4506.11,"end":4506.55},{"text":"order,","start":4506.55,"end":4507.03},{"text":"but","start":4507.83,"end":4508.15},{"text":"continues","start":4508.15,"end":4508.87},{"text":"to","start":4508.87,"end":4509.03},{"text":"cause","start":4509.03,"end":4509.59},{"text":"serious","start":4509.59,"end":4510.79},{"text":"and","start":4511.27,"end":4511.59},{"text":"increasing","start":4511.59,"end":4512.47},{"text":"economic","start":4512.79,"end":4513.51},{"text":"hardship","start":4513.51,"end":4514.15},{"text":"all","start":4514.63,"end":4514.95},{"text":"around","start":4514.95,"end":4515.31},{"text":"the","start":4515.35,"end":4515.43},{"text":"world.","start":4515.43,"end":4515.87}]},{"text":"It is thus of special importance that we, members and supporters of the International Patriotic Pact Organization, further elaborate and insist on the international dimension of patriotism.","start":4517.99,"end":4537.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4517.99,"end":4518.15},{"text":"is","start":4518.15,"end":4518.47},{"text":"thus","start":4518.47,"end":4519.03},{"text":"of","start":4519.51,"end":4519.75},{"text":"special","start":4519.83,"end":4520.39},{"text":"importance","start":4520.39,"end":4521.43},{"text":"that","start":4521.59,"end":4521.91},{"text":"we,","start":4521.99,"end":4522.47},{"text":"members","start":4523.11,"end":4523.91},{"text":"and","start":4523.99,"end":4524.31},{"text":"supporters","start":4524.31,"end":4525.19},{"text":"of","start":4525.31,"end":4525.43},{"text":"the","start":4525.43,"end":4525.51},{"text":"International","start":4525.51,"end":4526.31},{"text":"Patriotic","start":4526.31,"end":4527.27},{"text":"Pact","start":4527.27,"end":4527.83},{"text":"Organization,","start":4527.99,"end":4529.11},{"text":"further","start":4529.67,"end":4530.15},{"text":"elaborate","start":4530.15,"end":4531.11},{"text":"and","start":4531.59,"end":4531.99},{"text":"insist","start":4532.07,"end":4532.83},{"text":"on","start":4533.75,"end":4534.07},{"text":"the","start":4534.07,"end":4534.19},{"text":"international","start":4534.47,"end":4535.63},{"text":"dimension","start":4535.75,"end":4536.47},{"text":"of","start":4536.51,"end":4536.63},{"text":"patriotism.","start":4536.63,"end":4537.59}]},{"text":"so that the peoples of the United Nations are prepared to face the major challenges resulting from great power unilateralism, indeed, I would say, adventurism, and hegemonic interference, particularly in the global south.","start":4538.23,"end":4559.03,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."},{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"so","start":4538.23,"end":4538.47},{"text":"that","start":4538.47,"end":4538.71},{"text":"the","start":4538.71,"end":4538.79},{"text":"peoples","start":4538.79,"end":4539.43},{"text":"of","start":4539.43,"end":4539.67},{"text":"the","start":4539.67,"end":4539.75},{"text":"United","start":4539.75,"end":4540.31},{"text":"Nations","start":4540.31,"end":4541.11},{"text":"are","start":4541.19,"end":4541.35},{"text":"prepared","start":4541.35,"end":4542.03},{"text":"to","start":4542.87,"end":4542.99},{"text":"face","start":4543.03,"end":4543.67},{"text":"the","start":4543.99,"end":4544.23},{"text":"major","start":4544.23,"end":4544.71},{"text":"challenges","start":4544.71,"end":4545.59},{"text":"resulting","start":4546.23,"end":4547.03},{"text":"from","start":4547.19,"end":4547.51},{"text":"great","start":4547.75,"end":4548.23},{"text":"power","start":4548.23,"end":4548.63},{"text":"unilateralism,","start":4548.79,"end":4549.91},{"text":"indeed,","start":4550.31,"end":4550.95},{"text":"I","start":4551.03,"end":4551.15},{"text":"would","start":4551.15,"end":4551.27},{"text":"say,","start":4551.27,"end":4551.67},{"text":"adventurism,","start":4551.99,"end":4553.07},{"text":"and","start":4553.83,"end":4554.15},{"text":"hegemonic","start":4554.15,"end":4554.87},{"text":"interference,","start":4554.87,"end":4555.83},{"text":"particularly","start":4556.31,"end":4557.27},{"text":"in","start":4557.83,"end":4557.99},{"text":"the","start":4557.99,"end":4558.07},{"text":"global","start":4558.07,"end":4558.47},{"text":"south.","start":4558.47,"end":4559.03}]},{"text":"Also, the aggressive research of self-declared spheres of interest as seen presently in the North Atlantic region, must be universally rejected.","start":4560.31,"end":4574.35,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Also,","start":4560.31,"end":4560.95},{"text":"the","start":4561.11,"end":4561.31},{"text":"aggressive","start":4561.35,"end":4561.99},{"text":"research","start":4561.99,"end":4562.63},{"text":"of","start":4562.99,"end":4563.19},{"text":"self-declared","start":4563.19,"end":4564.15},{"text":"spheres","start":4564.15,"end":4564.75},{"text":"of","start":4564.75,"end":4564.87},{"text":"interest","start":4564.95,"end":4565.67},{"text":"as","start":4566.35,"end":4566.67},{"text":"seen","start":4566.67,"end":4567.31},{"text":"presently","start":4567.63,"end":4568.43},{"text":"in","start":4568.43,"end":4568.75},{"text":"the","start":4568.75,"end":4568.83},{"text":"North","start":4568.83,"end":4569.07},{"text":"Atlantic","start":4569.07,"end":4569.71},{"text":"region,","start":4569.71,"end":4570.27},{"text":"must","start":4570.83,"end":4571.31},{"text":"be","start":4571.31,"end":4571.79},{"text":"universally","start":4571.95,"end":4573.15},{"text":"rejected.","start":4573.39,"end":4574.35}]},{"text":"The peoples of the world must not tolerate attempts by a major global player to impose a kind of neo-colonial order in West Asia and Latin America in particular.","start":4575.63,"end":4589.83,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4575.63,"end":4575.79},{"text":"peoples","start":4575.79,"end":4576.19},{"text":"of","start":4576.19,"end":4576.35},{"text":"the","start":4576.39,"end":4576.47},{"text":"world","start":4576.51,"end":4577.15},{"text":"must","start":4577.47,"end":4577.95},{"text":"not","start":4577.95,"end":4578.55},{"text":"tolerate","start":4578.55,"end":4579.23},{"text":"attempts","start":4579.23,"end":4580.11},{"text":"by","start":4580.51,"end":4580.75},{"text":"a","start":4580.83,"end":4580.87},{"text":"major","start":4580.87,"end":4581.43},{"text":"global","start":4581.43,"end":4581.87},{"text":"player","start":4581.87,"end":4582.43},{"text":"to","start":4582.91,"end":4583.07},{"text":"impose","start":4583.07,"end":4583.87},{"text":"a","start":4584.03,"end":4584.07},{"text":"kind","start":4584.07,"end":4584.55},{"text":"of","start":4584.55,"end":4584.75},{"text":"neo-colonial","start":4584.91,"end":4585.95},{"text":"order","start":4585.95,"end":4586.59},{"text":"in","start":4586.75,"end":4586.99},{"text":"West","start":4586.99,"end":4587.39},{"text":"Asia","start":4587.39,"end":4587.87},{"text":"and","start":4588.03,"end":4588.19},{"text":"Latin","start":4588.19,"end":4588.59},{"text":"America","start":4588.59,"end":4589.07},{"text":"in","start":4589.07,"end":4589.15},{"text":"particular.","start":4589.15,"end":4589.83}]},{"text":"and it must never accept a relapse into an age of anarchy due to unrestrained use of military power.","start":4590.59,"end":4601.47,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"and","start":4590.59,"end":4590.91},{"text":"it","start":4590.91,"end":4590.99},{"text":"must","start":4590.99,"end":4591.35},{"text":"never","start":4591.35,"end":4591.83},{"text":"accept","start":4591.83,"end":4592.43},{"text":"a","start":4592.67,"end":4592.71},{"text":"relapse","start":4592.71,"end":4593.55},{"text":"into","start":4593.87,"end":4594.31},{"text":"an","start":4594.31,"end":4594.51},{"text":"age","start":4594.51,"end":4595.07},{"text":"of","start":4595.23,"end":4595.55},{"text":"anarchy","start":4595.63,"end":4596.43},{"text":"due","start":4597.31,"end":4597.87},{"text":"to","start":4597.87,"end":4597.95},{"text":"unrestrained","start":4597.95,"end":4598.99},{"text":"use","start":4598.99,"end":4599.55},{"text":"of","start":4599.63,"end":4599.95},{"text":"military","start":4600.27,"end":4600.99},{"text":"power.","start":4600.99,"end":4601.47}]},{"text":"As I said in this year's Spring Forum in Geneva, war is incompatible with the people's right to development.","start":4602.27,"end":4611.79,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4602.27,"end":4602.51},{"text":"I","start":4602.51,"end":4602.67},{"text":"said","start":4602.67,"end":4603.15},{"text":"in","start":4603.15,"end":4603.31},{"text":"this","start":4603.31,"end":4603.63},{"text":"year's","start":4603.63,"end":4604.11},{"text":"Spring","start":4604.27,"end":4604.67},{"text":"Forum","start":4604.67,"end":4605.15},{"text":"in","start":4605.15,"end":4605.31},{"text":"Geneva,","start":4605.31,"end":4606.03},{"text":"war","start":4606.51,"end":4607.15},{"text":"is","start":4607.23,"end":4607.79},{"text":"incompatible","start":4607.95,"end":4609.31},{"text":"with","start":4609.39,"end":4609.79},{"text":"the","start":4609.83,"end":4609.95},{"text":"people's","start":4609.95,"end":4610.47},{"text":"right","start":4610.47,"end":4610.79},{"text":"to","start":4610.79,"end":4610.91},{"text":"development.","start":4610.91,"end":4611.79}]},{"text":"It makes it meaningless.","start":4612.43,"end":4614.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4612.43,"end":4612.67},{"text":"makes","start":4612.75,"end":4613.15},{"text":"it","start":4613.15,"end":4613.31},{"text":"meaningless.","start":4613.47,"end":4614.43}]},{"text":"Dear colleagues, The International Patriotic Pact launched by the IPPO has been a major and innovative step to give meaning to the United Nations Charter's promises and pledges in the name of we, the peoples of the United Nations, as solemnly expressed in the preamble, but not fully implemented yet.","start":4616.83,"end":4645.63,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4648.87,"end":4649.19},{"text":"initiative","start":4649.19,"end":4650.07},{"text":"of","start":4650.11,"end":4650.39},{"text":"global","start":4650.67,"end":4651.43},{"text":"civil","start":4651.51,"end":4651.99},{"text":"society,","start":4651.99,"end":4652.95},{"text":"we","start":4653.35,"end":4653.59},{"text":"must","start":4653.59,"end":4654.43},{"text":"directly","start":4654.43,"end":4655.11},{"text":"address","start":4655.11,"end":4655.91},{"text":"the","start":4655.91,"end":4656.03},{"text":"ongoing","start":4656.15,"end":4656.95},{"text":"injustices","start":4656.95,"end":4657.99},{"text":"and","start":4658.63,"end":4658.87},{"text":"mobilize","start":4658.87,"end":4659.75},{"text":"international","start":4659.99,"end":4660.87},{"text":"public","start":4660.87,"end":4661.27},{"text":"opinion.","start":4661.27,"end":4661.91}]},{"text":"The proposed IPPO review mechanism regarding the right to development with its non-confrontational approach is a constructive step in that direction.","start":4662.95,"end":4677.11,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":4662.95,"end":4663.07},{"text":"proposed","start":4663.07,"end":4663.71},{"text":"IPPO","start":4663.75,"end":4664.87},{"text":"review","start":4664.87,"end":4665.43},{"text":"mechanism","start":4665.43,"end":4666.31},{"text":"regarding","start":4666.95,"end":4667.51},{"text":"the","start":4667.51,"end":4667.59},{"text":"right","start":4667.59,"end":4667.95},{"text":"to","start":4667.95,"end":4668.03},{"text":"development","start":4668.03,"end":4668.71},{"text":"with","start":4669.35,"end":4669.59},{"text":"its","start":4669.59,"end":4670.15},{"text":"non-confrontational","start":4670.31,"end":4671.99},{"text":"approach","start":4671.99,"end":4672.71},{"text":"is","start":4673.03,"end":4673.31},{"text":"a","start":4673.31,"end":4673.35},{"text":"constructive","start":4673.43,"end":4674.47},{"text":"step","start":4674.63,"end":4675.19},{"text":"in","start":4675.51,"end":4675.83},{"text":"that","start":4675.91,"end":4676.39},{"text":"direction.","start":4676.47,"end":4677.11}]},{"text":"As stated in draft article 2.1, it favors, \"dialogue rather than conducting political trials or imposing penalties.\"","start":4678.07,"end":4691.91,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4694.71,"end":4694.91},{"text":"must","start":4694.91,"end":4695.27},{"text":"raise","start":4695.27,"end":4695.91},{"text":"awareness","start":4695.91,"end":4696.95},{"text":"and","start":4697.27,"end":4697.59},{"text":"a","start":4697.71,"end":4697.75},{"text":"sense","start":4697.75,"end":4698.39},{"text":"of","start":4698.39,"end":4698.55},{"text":"obligation","start":4698.95,"end":4699.91},{"text":"on","start":4700.19,"end":4700.27},{"text":"the","start":4700.27,"end":4700.39},{"text":"part","start":4700.39,"end":4700.79},{"text":"of","start":4701.03,"end":4701.43},{"text":"decision","start":4701.47,"end":4701.99},{"text":"makers","start":4701.99,"end":4702.63},{"text":"in","start":4702.63,"end":4702.95},{"text":"all","start":4703.03,"end":4703.35},{"text":"countries","start":4703.35,"end":4704.15},{"text":"that","start":4704.55,"end":4704.95},{"text":"the","start":4704.95,"end":4705.03},{"text":"national","start":4705.03,"end":4705.67},{"text":"interests","start":4705.67,"end":4706.71},{"text":"of","start":4706.91,"end":4707.11},{"text":"any","start":4707.35,"end":4707.67},{"text":"country,","start":4707.67,"end":4708.31},{"text":"whether","start":4708.91,"end":4709.23},{"text":"large","start":4709.23,"end":4709.75},{"text":"or","start":4709.75,"end":4709.99},{"text":"small,","start":4709.99,"end":4710.71},{"text":"weak","start":4711.11,"end":4711.59},{"text":"or","start":4711.99,"end":4712.15},{"text":"powerful,","start":4712.15,"end":4712.87},{"text":"needs","start":4713.51,"end":4713.99},{"text":"to","start":4713.99,"end":4714.15},{"text":"be","start":4714.15,"end":4714.31},{"text":"pursued","start":4714.31,"end":4715.19},{"text":"with","start":4715.43,"end":4715.75},{"text":"due","start":4715.75,"end":4716.15},{"text":"regard","start":4716.15,"end":4716.71},{"text":"for","start":4717.19,"end":4717.43},{"text":"the","start":4717.43,"end":4717.51},{"text":"rights","start":4717.51,"end":4717.99},{"text":"of","start":4718.19,"end":4718.39},{"text":"all","start":4719.55,"end":4719.83},{"text":"countries,","start":4720.07,"end":4720.95},{"text":"of","start":4721.63,"end":4721.83},{"text":"all","start":4721.95,"end":4722.39},{"text":"other","start":4722.55,"end":4722.87},{"text":"members","start":4722.95,"end":4723.59},{"text":"of","start":4723.75,"end":4723.91},{"text":"the","start":4723.91,"end":4723.99},{"text":"international","start":4723.99,"end":4724.87},{"text":"community.","start":4725.03,"end":4725.83}]},{"text":"No country has the right to impose its agenda on the rest of the world.","start":4726.51,"end":4732.31,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":4726.51,"end":4726.75},{"text":"country","start":4726.75,"end":4727.39},{"text":"has","start":4727.47,"end":4727.79},{"text":"the","start":4727.79,"end":4727.87},{"text":"right","start":4727.87,"end":4728.43},{"text":"to","start":4728.59,"end":4728.71},{"text":"impose","start":4728.75,"end":4729.31},{"text":"its","start":4729.31,"end":4729.55},{"text":"agenda","start":4729.55,"end":4730.19},{"text":"on","start":4730.99,"end":4731.15},{"text":"the","start":4731.15,"end":4731.27},{"text":"rest","start":4731.27,"end":4731.63},{"text":"of","start":4731.63,"end":4731.79},{"text":"the","start":4731.83,"end":4731.95},{"text":"world.","start":4731.95,"end":4732.31}]},{"text":"And no country is entitled to proclaim itself as the indispensable nation.","start":4732.91,"end":4740.91,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4732.91,"end":4733.15},{"text":"no","start":4733.15,"end":4733.35},{"text":"country","start":4733.35,"end":4733.95},{"text":"is","start":4734.43,"end":4734.67},{"text":"entitled","start":4734.67,"end":4735.35},{"text":"to","start":4735.35,"end":4735.71},{"text":"proclaim","start":4735.71,"end":4736.59},{"text":"itself","start":4736.59,"end":4737.39},{"text":"as","start":4737.87,"end":4738.27},{"text":"the","start":4738.27,"end":4738.39},{"text":"indispensable","start":4738.67,"end":4740.07},{"text":"nation.","start":4740.35,"end":4740.91}]},{"text":"Too often in history, practices of colonial domination and exploitation have been hidden under the pretext of exceptionalism.","start":4741.87,"end":4753.79,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Too","start":4741.87,"end":4742.11},{"text":"often","start":4742.11,"end":4742.59},{"text":"in","start":4742.59,"end":4742.75},{"text":"history,","start":4742.75,"end":4743.31},{"text":"practices","start":4743.63,"end":4744.51},{"text":"of","start":4744.75,"end":4744.91},{"text":"colonial","start":4744.91,"end":4745.55},{"text":"domination","start":4745.71,"end":4746.75},{"text":"and","start":4746.91,"end":4747.23},{"text":"exploitation","start":4747.23,"end":4748.43},{"text":"have","start":4748.83,"end":4749.15},{"text":"been","start":4749.15,"end":4749.55},{"text":"hidden","start":4749.55,"end":4750.19},{"text":"under","start":4750.75,"end":4751.07},{"text":"the","start":4751.07,"end":4751.23},{"text":"pretext","start":4751.23,"end":4751.99},{"text":"of","start":4752.11,"end":4752.43},{"text":"exceptionalism.","start":4752.51,"end":4753.79}]},{"text":"We must, therefore, clarify our counter position in clear and unambiguous terms.","start":4755.63,"end":4763.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4755.63,"end":4755.79},{"text":"must,","start":4755.79,"end":4756.63},{"text":"therefore,","start":4756.63,"end":4757.31},{"text":"clarify","start":4757.55,"end":4758.51},{"text":"our","start":4758.51,"end":4758.91},{"text":"counter","start":4759.23,"end":4759.91},{"text":"position","start":4759.91,"end":4760.67},{"text":"in","start":4760.99,"end":4761.23},{"text":"clear","start":4761.31,"end":4761.79},{"text":"and","start":4761.79,"end":4762.11},{"text":"unambiguous","start":4762.19,"end":4763.23},{"text":"terms.","start":4763.23,"end":4763.87}]},{"text":"True patriotism makes only sense and deserves only moral support if it is rooted in the principle of mutuality.","start":4764.43,"end":4774.83,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"True","start":4764.43,"end":4764.83},{"text":"patriotism","start":4764.83,"end":4765.87},{"text":"makes","start":4766.27,"end":4766.59},{"text":"only","start":4766.67,"end":4766.91},{"text":"sense","start":4766.91,"end":4767.63},{"text":"and","start":4768.03,"end":4768.31},{"text":"deserves","start":4768.31,"end":4768.91},{"text":"only","start":4768.99,"end":4769.47},{"text":"moral","start":4769.47,"end":4769.95},{"text":"support","start":4769.95,"end":4770.67},{"text":"if","start":4771.07,"end":4771.31},{"text":"it","start":4771.31,"end":4771.47},{"text":"is","start":4771.47,"end":4771.71},{"text":"rooted","start":4771.79,"end":4772.35},{"text":"in","start":4772.43,"end":4772.59},{"text":"the","start":4772.59,"end":4772.67},{"text":"principle","start":4772.67,"end":4773.31},{"text":"of","start":4773.39,"end":4773.71},{"text":"mutuality.","start":4773.79,"end":4774.83}]},{"text":"That means partnership among all nations as equals.","start":4775.71,"end":4782.03,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":4775.71,"end":4775.95},{"text":"means","start":4775.95,"end":4776.59},{"text":"partnership","start":4777.15,"end":4778.11},{"text":"among","start":4778.19,"end":4778.67},{"text":"all","start":4779.11,"end":4779.47},{"text":"nations","start":4779.55,"end":4780.43},{"text":"as","start":4780.59,"end":4781.07},{"text":"equals.","start":4781.23,"end":4782.03}]},{"text":"As organization in consultative status with the United Nations, the International Progress Organization joined the initiative of the IPPO at the very beginning.","start":4784.15,"end":4798.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4784.15,"end":4784.47},{"text":"organization","start":4784.47,"end":4785.35},{"text":"in","start":4785.35,"end":4785.43},{"text":"consultative","start":4785.43,"end":4786.23},{"text":"status","start":4786.23,"end":4787.03},{"text":"with","start":4787.03,"end":4787.39},{"text":"the","start":4787.39,"end":4787.47},{"text":"United","start":4787.47,"end":4787.99},{"text":"Nations,","start":4787.99,"end":4788.63},{"text":"the","start":4789.35,"end":4789.47},{"text":"International","start":4789.47,"end":4790.31},{"text":"Progress","start":4790.31,"end":4790.87},{"text":"Organization","start":4790.87,"end":4791.83},{"text":"joined","start":4791.99,"end":4792.67},{"text":"the","start":4792.95,"end":4793.11},{"text":"initiative","start":4793.11,"end":4794.07},{"text":"of","start":4794.19,"end":4794.31},{"text":"the","start":4794.31,"end":4794.43},{"text":"IPPO","start":4794.47,"end":4795.51},{"text":"at","start":4796.31,"end":4796.79},{"text":"the","start":4796.87,"end":4797.07},{"text":"very","start":4797.35,"end":4797.83},{"text":"beginning.","start":4797.83,"end":4798.47}]},{"text":"We wish today's forum, for the first time held on the African continent, full success.","start":4799.51,"end":4807.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4799.51,"end":4799.75},{"text":"wish","start":4799.75,"end":4800.15},{"text":"today's","start":4800.15,"end":4800.67},{"text":"forum,","start":4800.67,"end":4801.07},{"text":"for","start":4801.67,"end":4801.91},{"text":"the","start":4801.91,"end":4801.99},{"text":"first","start":4801.99,"end":4802.51},{"text":"time","start":4802.51,"end":4802.79},{"text":"held","start":4802.79,"end":4803.43},{"text":"on","start":4803.99,"end":4804.15},{"text":"the","start":4804.15,"end":4804.27},{"text":"African","start":4804.27,"end":4804.87},{"text":"continent,","start":4804.87,"end":4805.59},{"text":"full","start":4805.99,"end":4806.47},{"text":"success.","start":4806.71,"end":4807.51}]},{"text":"May the meeting contribute to an effective reform of the relations between states of the international system, and first and foremost, the United Nations with its universal membership, according to the principle of sovereign equality of all nations, which is a core requirement of human rights.","start":4808.71,"end":4839.47,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"May","start":4808.71,"end":4808.95},{"text":"the","start":4808.95,"end":4809.11},{"text":"meeting","start":4809.11,"end":4809.59},{"text":"contribute","start":4809.59,"end":4810.39},{"text":"to","start":4810.63,"end":4810.79},{"text":"an","start":4810.83,"end":4810.95},{"text":"effective","start":4810.95,"end":4811.71},{"text":"reform","start":4811.83,"end":4812.55},{"text":"of","start":4813.47,"end":4813.87},{"text":"the","start":4813.95,"end":4814.07},{"text":"relations","start":4814.83,"end":4815.71},{"text":"between","start":4815.79,"end":4816.59},{"text":"states","start":4816.67,"end":4817.47},{"text":"of","start":4818.15,"end":4818.27},{"text":"the","start":4818.27,"end":4818.39},{"text":"international","start":4818.39,"end":4819.23},{"text":"system,","start":4819.23,"end":4819.87},{"text":"and","start":4820.03,"end":4820.27},{"text":"first","start":4820.27,"end":4820.75},{"text":"and","start":4820.75,"end":4820.95},{"text":"foremost,","start":4820.95,"end":4821.63},{"text":"the","start":4822.11,"end":4822.19},{"text":"United","start":4822.19,"end":4822.75},{"text":"Nations","start":4822.75,"end":4823.47},{"text":"with","start":4824.03,"end":4824.27},{"text":"its","start":4824.35,"end":4824.75},{"text":"universal","start":4825.15,"end":4826.27},{"text":"membership,","start":4826.63,"end":4827.23},{"text":"according","start":4828.51,"end":4829.23},{"text":"to","start":4829.31,"end":4829.51},{"text":"the","start":4829.51,"end":4829.59},{"text":"principle","start":4829.63,"end":4830.43},{"text":"of","start":4830.67,"end":4831.07},{"text":"sovereign","start":4831.23,"end":4831.87},{"text":"equality","start":4831.87,"end":4832.67},{"text":"of","start":4832.75,"end":4832.99},{"text":"all","start":4833.07,"end":4833.47},{"text":"nations,","start":4833.47,"end":4834.27},{"text":"which","start":4834.71,"end":4835.07},{"text":"is","start":4835.15,"end":4835.47},{"text":"a","start":4835.71,"end":4835.75},{"text":"core","start":4835.75,"end":4836.35},{"text":"requirement","start":4836.51,"end":4837.47},{"text":"of","start":4837.95,"end":4838.27},{"text":"human","start":4838.43,"end":4838.99},{"text":"rights.","start":4838.99,"end":4839.47}]},{"text":"This alone, in my opinion, will ensure a sustainable order of justice and peace that the peoples of the world have been denied for too long.","start":4840.35,"end":4852.43,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Peace","start":4854.11,"end":4854.75},{"text":"means","start":4855.23,"end":4855.87},{"text":"patriotic","start":4856.03,"end":4857.07},{"text":"solidarity","start":4857.07,"end":4858.19},{"text":"among","start":4858.99,"end":4859.23},{"text":"sovereign","start":4859.39,"end":4860.35},{"text":"nations.","start":4860.51,"end":4861.39}]},{"text":"Thank you for your attention.","start":4862.67,"end":4864.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4862.67,"end":4862.99},{"text":"you","start":4862.99,"end":4863.15},{"text":"for","start":4863.31,"end":4863.55},{"text":"your","start":4863.55,"end":4863.75},{"text":"attention.","start":4863.75,"end":4864.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Hans","affiliation":"IPPO","affiliation_full":"IPPO","group":null,"function":"Forum Chair"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":4876.55,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=1:21:17","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Dr. Hans, for his sharing across time.","start":4876.55,"end":4882.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4876.55,"end":4876.87},{"text":"you,","start":4876.87,"end":4876.99},{"text":"Dr.","start":4876.99,"end":4877.35},{"text":"Hans,","start":4877.35,"end":4877.91},{"text":"for","start":4879.27,"end":4879.75},{"text":"his","start":4879.75,"end":4880.39},{"text":"sharing","start":4880.55,"end":4881.11},{"text":"across","start":4881.39,"end":4881.75},{"text":"time.","start":4881.75,"end":4882.15}]},{"text":"Peace means patriotic relationship between sovereign nations, and this is important foundation.","start":4882.71,"end":4890.87,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Peace","start":4882.71,"end":4883.19},{"text":"means","start":4883.19,"end":4883.83},{"text":"patriotic","start":4884.31,"end":4885.11},{"text":"relationship","start":4885.43,"end":4885.99},{"text":"between","start":4885.99,"end":4886.55},{"text":"sovereign","start":4886.63,"end":4886.99},{"text":"nations,","start":4886.99,"end":4887.67},{"text":"and","start":4889.15,"end":4889.31},{"text":"this","start":4889.31,"end":4889.47},{"text":"is","start":4889.47,"end":4889.59},{"text":"important","start":4889.59,"end":4890.15},{"text":"foundation.","start":4890.15,"end":4890.87}]},{"text":"From 1977, when IPO became a consultative party Today, IPPO is promoting this mechanism to be adopted.","start":4891.83,"end":4904.15,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":4891.83,"end":4892.03},{"text":"1977,","start":4892.03,"end":4893.51},{"text":"when","start":4894.11,"end":4894.47},{"text":"IPO","start":4894.51,"end":4894.95},{"text":"became","start":4895.27,"end":4895.83},{"text":"a","start":4895.83,"end":4895.91},{"text":"consultative","start":4895.99,"end":4896.95},{"text":"party","start":4897.35,"end":4897.99},{"text":"Today,","start":4898.55,"end":4898.91},{"text":"IPPO","start":4898.91,"end":4899.67},{"text":"is","start":4900.23,"end":4900.63},{"text":"promoting","start":4900.87,"end":4901.59},{"text":"this","start":4902.39,"end":4902.63},{"text":"mechanism","start":4902.63,"end":4903.35},{"text":"to","start":4903.35,"end":4903.55},{"text":"be","start":4903.55,"end":4903.63},{"text":"adopted.","start":4903.63,"end":4904.15}]},{"text":"The oversight of civil society has always been a new important force behind international orders.","start":4904.79,"end":4913.91,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":4941.79,"end":4942.11},{"text":"video,","start":4942.11,"end":4942.59},{"text":"he","start":4942.59,"end":4942.75},{"text":"will","start":4942.75,"end":4942.91},{"text":"explain","start":4942.91,"end":4943.51},{"text":"the","start":4943.51,"end":4943.63},{"text":"concept","start":4943.63,"end":4944.35},{"text":"and","start":4944.67,"end":4944.95},{"text":"legal","start":4944.95,"end":4945.39},{"text":"foundation","start":4945.39,"end":4946.27},{"text":"of","start":4946.27,"end":4946.43},{"text":"the","start":4946.43,"end":4946.51},{"text":"nation's","start":4946.51,"end":4947.07},{"text":"rights","start":4947.07,"end":4947.55},{"text":"to","start":4947.63,"end":4947.79},{"text":"develop","start":4947.79,"end":4948.27},{"text":"by","start":4948.35,"end":4948.59},{"text":"video.","start":4948.59,"end":4948.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Gwade Kuy","affiliation":"IPPO","affiliation_full":"IPPO","group":null,"function":"President"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":4952.51,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=1:22:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good day, distinguished IPO co-initiators and independent experts.","start":4952.51,"end":4955.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":4952.51,"end":4952.71},{"text":"day,","start":4952.71,"end":4952.99},{"text":"distinguished","start":4952.99,"end":4953.59},{"text":"IPO","start":4953.59,"end":4953.75},{"text":"co-initiators","start":4953.75,"end":4954.67},{"text":"and","start":4954.67,"end":4954.79},{"text":"independent","start":4954.79,"end":4955.23},{"text":"experts.","start":4955.23,"end":4955.79}]},{"text":"My name is Qing Qiang.","start":4956.35,"end":4957.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":4956.35,"end":4956.51},{"text":"name","start":4956.51,"end":4956.75},{"text":"is","start":4956.75,"end":4956.91},{"text":"Qing","start":4956.91,"end":4957.23},{"text":"Qiang.","start":4957.23,"end":4957.51}]},{"text":"I'm an IPO expert on the right of states to develop and a research fellow from Shandong University.","start":4957.51,"end":4964.99,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":4957.51,"end":4957.71},{"text":"an","start":4957.71,"end":4957.95},{"text":"IPO","start":4958.15,"end":4958.51},{"text":"expert","start":4958.51,"end":4959.07},{"text":"on","start":4959.07,"end":4959.19},{"text":"the","start":4959.19,"end":4959.27},{"text":"right","start":4959.27,"end":4959.95},{"text":"of","start":4960.55,"end":4960.67},{"text":"states","start":4960.67,"end":4961.23},{"text":"to","start":4961.87,"end":4962.03},{"text":"develop","start":4962.03,"end":4962.51},{"text":"and","start":4962.75,"end":4962.87},{"text":"a","start":4962.87,"end":4962.91},{"text":"research","start":4962.91,"end":4963.31},{"text":"fellow","start":4963.31,"end":4963.71},{"text":"from","start":4963.71,"end":4963.95},{"text":"Shandong","start":4963.95,"end":4964.27},{"text":"University.","start":4964.27,"end":4964.99}]},{"text":"Due to work, regrettably, I cannot join you.","start":4965.19,"end":4968.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Due","start":4965.19,"end":4965.27},{"text":"to","start":4965.27,"end":4965.51},{"text":"work,","start":4965.51,"end":4965.87},{"text":"regrettably,","start":4967.07,"end":4967.63},{"text":"I","start":4967.63,"end":4967.67},{"text":"cannot","start":4967.67,"end":4968.03},{"text":"join","start":4968.03,"end":4968.27},{"text":"you.","start":4968.27,"end":4968.51}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Due to work commitment, I regret being unable to attend in-person exchanges.","start":4970.23,"end":4977.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Due","start":4970.23,"end":4970.51},{"text":"to","start":4972.35,"end":4972.91},{"text":"work","start":4973.79,"end":4974.39},{"text":"commitment,","start":4974.39,"end":4974.95},{"text":"I","start":4974.95,"end":4974.99},{"text":"regret","start":4974.99,"end":4975.39},{"text":"being","start":4975.39,"end":4975.63},{"text":"unable","start":4975.63,"end":4976.03},{"text":"to","start":4976.03,"end":4976.19},{"text":"attend","start":4976.19,"end":4976.51},{"text":"in-person","start":4976.51,"end":4976.99},{"text":"exchanges.","start":4976.99,"end":4977.63}]},{"text":"I will deliver this report via video, focusing on our understanding of NDR.","start":4977.63,"end":4982.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4977.63,"end":4977.79},{"text":"will","start":4977.79,"end":4977.95},{"text":"deliver","start":4977.95,"end":4978.27},{"text":"this","start":4978.27,"end":4978.43},{"text":"report","start":4978.43,"end":4978.83},{"text":"via","start":4978.83,"end":4978.99},{"text":"video,","start":4978.99,"end":4979.39},{"text":"focusing","start":4979.79,"end":4980.27},{"text":"on","start":4980.27,"end":4980.43},{"text":"our","start":4980.43,"end":4980.63},{"text":"understanding","start":4980.63,"end":4981.11},{"text":"of","start":4981.11,"end":4981.31},{"text":"NDR.","start":4981.43,"end":4982.03}]},{"text":"NDR is an international law jurisprudential concept featuring both theoretical innovation and practical value.","start":4982.59,"end":4991.63,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":4991.79,"end":4991.95},{"text":"expands","start":4991.95,"end":4992.59},{"text":"the","start":4992.59,"end":4992.71},{"text":"subjects","start":4992.83,"end":4993.55},{"text":"and","start":4993.55,"end":4993.99},{"text":"dimensions","start":4993.99,"end":4994.51},{"text":"of","start":4994.55,"end":4994.67},{"text":"the","start":4994.67,"end":4994.79},{"text":"right","start":4994.83,"end":4995.19},{"text":"to","start":4995.19,"end":4995.31},{"text":"development","start":4995.39,"end":4996.11},{"text":"under","start":4996.71,"end":4996.99},{"text":"the","start":4996.99,"end":4997.11},{"text":"traditional","start":4997.11,"end":4997.63},{"text":"human","start":4997.63,"end":4997.87},{"text":"rights","start":4997.87,"end":4998.15},{"text":"system","start":4998.15,"end":4998.59},{"text":"and","start":4999.15,"end":4999.47},{"text":"serves","start":4999.47,"end":4999.95},{"text":"as","start":4999.95,"end":5000.27},{"text":"an","start":5000.31,"end":5000.51},{"text":"important","start":5000.51,"end":5000.95},{"text":"jurisprudential","start":5000.95,"end":5001.95},{"text":"tool","start":5001.95,"end":5002.35},{"text":"for","start":5002.35,"end":5002.67},{"text":"states","start":5002.67,"end":5003.07},{"text":"to","start":5003.07,"end":5003.39},{"text":"pursue","start":5003.39,"end":5003.79},{"text":"international","start":5003.79,"end":5004.35},{"text":"fairness","start":5004.35,"end":5004.83},{"text":"and","start":5004.83,"end":5005.15},{"text":"justice.","start":5005.15,"end":5005.71}]},{"text":"This concept was systematically elaborated by Mr. Cui Guowei after he put forward the vision of the international patriotic pact.","start":5006.95,"end":5015.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5006.95,"end":5007.19},{"text":"concept","start":5007.19,"end":5007.83},{"text":"was","start":5007.83,"end":5008.23},{"text":"systematically","start":5008.47,"end":5009.51},{"text":"elaborated","start":5009.51,"end":5010.23},{"text":"by","start":5010.23,"end":5010.47},{"text":"Mr.","start":5010.47,"end":5010.95},{"text":"Cui","start":5010.95,"end":5011.11},{"text":"Guowei","start":5011.11,"end":5011.43},{"text":"after","start":5011.91,"end":5012.47},{"text":"he","start":5012.47,"end":5012.63},{"text":"put","start":5012.63,"end":5012.87},{"text":"forward","start":5012.87,"end":5013.23},{"text":"the","start":5013.23,"end":5013.35},{"text":"vision","start":5013.35,"end":5013.83},{"text":"of","start":5013.95,"end":5014.11},{"text":"the","start":5014.11,"end":5014.31},{"text":"international","start":5014.31,"end":5014.95},{"text":"patriotic","start":5014.95,"end":5015.51},{"text":"pact.","start":5015.51,"end":5015.99}]},{"text":"We have conducted dedicated research to deepen and refine it.","start":5016.47,"end":5020.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5016.47,"end":5016.71},{"text":"have","start":5016.71,"end":5016.87},{"text":"conducted","start":5016.87,"end":5017.63},{"text":"dedicated","start":5017.63,"end":5018.23},{"text":"research","start":5018.23,"end":5018.79},{"text":"to","start":5018.79,"end":5018.91},{"text":"deepen","start":5018.95,"end":5019.35},{"text":"and","start":5019.35,"end":5019.59},{"text":"refine","start":5019.59,"end":5019.99},{"text":"it.","start":5019.99,"end":5020.23}]},{"text":"Its core is to establish states as independent holders of the rights and the primary bearers of the obligations.","start":5020.63,"end":5028.23,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":5020.63,"end":5020.79},{"text":"core","start":5020.79,"end":5021.27},{"text":"is","start":5021.27,"end":5021.51},{"text":"to","start":5021.51,"end":5021.67},{"text":"establish","start":5021.67,"end":5022.23},{"text":"states","start":5022.31,"end":5023.03},{"text":"as","start":5023.03,"end":5023.43},{"text":"independent","start":5023.43,"end":5024.23},{"text":"holders","start":5024.31,"end":5024.87},{"text":"of","start":5024.87,"end":5025.03},{"text":"the","start":5025.03,"end":5025.15},{"text":"rights","start":5025.15,"end":5025.67},{"text":"and","start":5025.67,"end":5025.91},{"text":"the","start":5025.91,"end":5025.99},{"text":"primary","start":5025.99,"end":5026.47},{"text":"bearers","start":5026.47,"end":5027.11},{"text":"of","start":5027.11,"end":5027.27},{"text":"the","start":5027.27,"end":5027.43},{"text":"obligations.","start":5027.51,"end":5028.23}]},{"text":"for the right to development and to align moral initiatives with international law principles for theoretical consistency and practical applicability.","start":5028.83,"end":5038.43,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"NDR","start":5047.87,"end":5048.59},{"text":"is","start":5049.31,"end":5049.79},{"text":"a","start":5050.75,"end":5050.79},{"text":"comprehensive","start":5050.79,"end":5051.63},{"text":"collective","start":5051.63,"end":5052.19},{"text":"right","start":5052.19,"end":5052.67},{"text":"As","start":5053.55,"end":5053.95},{"text":"an","start":5053.95,"end":5054.03},{"text":"independent","start":5054.03,"end":5054.71},{"text":"subject","start":5054.71,"end":5055.19},{"text":"of","start":5055.19,"end":5055.31},{"text":"the","start":5055.31,"end":5055.43},{"text":"international","start":5055.43,"end":5056.19},{"text":"community,","start":5056.19,"end":5056.83},{"text":"states","start":5056.83,"end":5057.39},{"text":"may","start":5057.71,"end":5057.91},{"text":"independently","start":5057.95,"end":5058.91},{"text":"choose","start":5058.91,"end":5059.31},{"text":"their","start":5059.31,"end":5059.63},{"text":"economic,","start":5059.67,"end":5060.43},{"text":"social,","start":5060.67,"end":5061.23},{"text":"cultural,","start":5061.55,"end":5062.11},{"text":"and","start":5062.19,"end":5062.51},{"text":"political","start":5062.51,"end":5063.07},{"text":"development","start":5063.07,"end":5063.63},{"text":"path","start":5063.63,"end":5064.11},{"text":"for","start":5064.59,"end":5064.91},{"text":"the","start":5064.91,"end":5064.99},{"text":"survival","start":5064.99,"end":5065.71},{"text":"and","start":5065.71,"end":5066.07},{"text":"development","start":5066.07,"end":5066.63},{"text":"of","start":5066.63,"end":5066.83},{"text":"their","start":5066.83,"end":5067.15},{"text":"people","start":5067.15,"end":5067.79},{"text":"and","start":5068.19,"end":5068.51},{"text":"demand","start":5068.51,"end":5068.95},{"text":"the","start":5068.95,"end":5069.03},{"text":"establishment","start":5069.03,"end":5070.03},{"text":"of","start":5070.11,"end":5070.31},{"text":"a","start":5070.31,"end":5070.35},{"text":"just","start":5070.43,"end":5070.91},{"text":"and","start":5070.91,"end":5071.11},{"text":"reasonable","start":5071.11,"end":5071.71},{"text":"new","start":5072.03,"end":5072.19},{"text":"international","start":5072.19,"end":5072.75},{"text":"political","start":5072.75,"end":5073.31},{"text":"and","start":5073.31,"end":5073.83},{"text":"economic","start":5073.83,"end":5074.51},{"text":"order.","start":5074.51,"end":5074.91}]},{"text":"This right is jurisprudentially grounded on the sovereign equality of states and national self-determination.","start":5076.03,"end":5084.63,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5085.11,"end":5085.27},{"text":"incorporates","start":5085.27,"end":5086.15},{"text":"the","start":5086.15,"end":5086.27},{"text":"international","start":5086.27,"end":5087.15},{"text":"law","start":5087.15,"end":5087.31},{"text":"obligation","start":5087.31,"end":5088.07},{"text":"that","start":5088.07,"end":5088.39},{"text":"development","start":5088.39,"end":5089.03},{"text":"shall","start":5089.03,"end":5089.19},{"text":"not","start":5089.19,"end":5089.59},{"text":"impair","start":5089.59,"end":5090.15},{"text":"the","start":5090.15,"end":5090.31},{"text":"legitimate","start":5090.39,"end":5090.91},{"text":"development","start":5090.91,"end":5091.43},{"text":"interests","start":5091.43,"end":5091.79},{"text":"of","start":5091.79,"end":5091.91},{"text":"other","start":5091.91,"end":5092.15},{"text":"countries.","start":5092.15,"end":5092.63}]},{"text":"It stresses that while enjoying autonomy in development, states shall exercise self-restraint and engage in international cooperation so as not to pursue their own development at the expense of other nations' right to development.","start":5093.27,"end":5108.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5093.27,"end":5093.51},{"text":"stresses","start":5093.51,"end":5093.99},{"text":"that","start":5093.99,"end":5094.27},{"text":"while","start":5094.27,"end":5094.55},{"text":"enjoying","start":5094.59,"end":5095.19},{"text":"autonomy","start":5095.19,"end":5095.83},{"text":"in","start":5095.83,"end":5095.91},{"text":"development,","start":5095.91,"end":5096.55},{"text":"states","start":5096.95,"end":5097.43},{"text":"shall","start":5097.43,"end":5097.71},{"text":"exercise","start":5097.71,"end":5098.23},{"text":"self-restraint","start":5098.23,"end":5099.27},{"text":"and","start":5099.27,"end":5099.59},{"text":"engage","start":5099.59,"end":5100.15},{"text":"in","start":5100.55,"end":5100.67},{"text":"international","start":5100.67,"end":5101.59},{"text":"cooperation","start":5102.07,"end":5102.79},{"text":"so","start":5102.79,"end":5102.99},{"text":"as","start":5102.99,"end":5103.11},{"text":"not","start":5103.11,"end":5103.47},{"text":"to","start":5103.47,"end":5103.59},{"text":"pursue","start":5103.59,"end":5103.99},{"text":"their","start":5103.99,"end":5104.23},{"text":"own","start":5104.23,"end":5104.47},{"text":"development","start":5104.47,"end":5105.03},{"text":"at","start":5105.51,"end":5105.63},{"text":"the","start":5105.63,"end":5105.71},{"text":"expense","start":5105.71,"end":5106.19},{"text":"of","start":5106.19,"end":5106.39},{"text":"other","start":5106.39,"end":5106.87},{"text":"nations'","start":5106.87,"end":5107.27},{"text":"right","start":5107.27,"end":5107.55},{"text":"to","start":5107.55,"end":5107.63},{"text":"development.","start":5107.63,"end":5108.15}]},{"text":"Second, the theoretical connotation of NDR.","start":5108.63,"end":5111.83,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5108.63,"end":5109.19},{"text":"the","start":5109.19,"end":5109.27},{"text":"theoretical","start":5109.27,"end":5110.15},{"text":"connotation","start":5110.23,"end":5111.03},{"text":"of","start":5111.03,"end":5111.27},{"text":"NDR.","start":5111.27,"end":5111.83}]},{"text":"We interpret its theoretical connotation from three perspectives.","start":5112.63,"end":5117.03,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5112.63,"end":5112.95},{"text":"interpret","start":5112.95,"end":5113.67},{"text":"its","start":5113.67,"end":5114.11},{"text":"theoretical","start":5114.11,"end":5114.71},{"text":"connotation","start":5114.71,"end":5115.43},{"text":"from","start":5115.43,"end":5115.67},{"text":"three","start":5115.67,"end":5116.23},{"text":"perspectives.","start":5116.23,"end":5117.03}]},{"text":"First, theoretically, it represents a shift from regarding development as a primary human right to recognizing the state-centered dimension of the right to development.","start":5117.43,"end":5129.59,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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clarifies that the holders of the right to development include every human person and all peoples.","start":5376.23,"end":5387.35,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5437.07,"end":5437.31},{"text":"right","start":5437.31,"end":5437.87},{"text":"to","start":5438.91,"end":5439.23},{"text":"national","start":5439.23,"end":5439.71},{"text":"self-determination","start":5439.71,"end":5440.91},{"text":"supports","start":5440.91,"end":5441.55},{"text":"development","start":5441.55,"end":5442.27},{"text":"autonomy.","start":5442.35,"end":5443.23}]},{"text":"The principle of permanent sovereignty over natural resources safeguards states' autonomy over domestic development resources.","start":5444.67,"end":5453.47,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5444.67,"end":5445.07},{"text":"principle","start":5445.07,"end":5445.71},{"text":"of","start":5445.71,"end":5446.03},{"text":"permanent","start":5446.51,"end":5446.99},{"text":"sovereignty","start":5446.99,"end":5447.63},{"text":"over","start":5447.63,"end":5447.87},{"text":"natural","start":5447.87,"end":5448.31},{"text":"resources","start":5448.31,"end":5449.07},{"text":"safeguards","start":5449.07,"end":5449.79},{"text":"states'","start":5449.79,"end":5450.35},{"text":"autonomy","start":5450.35,"end":5450.99},{"text":"over","start":5450.99,"end":5451.43},{"text":"domestic","start":5451.43,"end":5452.03},{"text":"development","start":5452.03,"end":5452.59},{"text":"resources.","start":5452.59,"end":5453.47}]},{"text":"The no-harm principle translates the moral precept, paternalism shall not harm other states' interests into an actionable international obligation.","start":5455.47,"end":5466.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5455.47,"end":5455.79},{"text":"no-harm","start":5455.79,"end":5456.51},{"text":"principle","start":5456.51,"end":5456.99},{"text":"translates","start":5456.99,"end":5457.71},{"text":"the","start":5457.71,"end":5457.87},{"text":"moral","start":5457.95,"end":5458.59},{"text":"precept,","start":5459.47,"end":5460.27},{"text":"paternalism","start":5460.27,"end":5461.15},{"text":"shall","start":5461.15,"end":5461.31},{"text":"not","start":5461.31,"end":5461.55},{"text":"harm","start":5461.55,"end":5461.87},{"text":"other","start":5461.87,"end":5462.11},{"text":"states'","start":5462.11,"end":5462.51},{"text":"interests","start":5462.51,"end":5462.99},{"text":"into","start":5462.99,"end":5463.43},{"text":"an","start":5463.43,"end":5463.79},{"text":"actionable","start":5463.79,"end":5464.51},{"text":"international","start":5464.51,"end":5465.39},{"text":"obligation.","start":5465.63,"end":5466.19}]},{"text":"Fourth, the theoretical value and practical significance of NDR.","start":5468.35,"end":5474.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":5468.35,"end":5468.75},{"text":"the","start":5469.63,"end":5469.87},{"text":"theoretical","start":5469.87,"end":5470.59},{"text":"value","start":5470.59,"end":5471.07},{"text":"and","start":5471.07,"end":5471.47},{"text":"practical","start":5471.47,"end":5472.27},{"text":"significance","start":5472.27,"end":5473.31},{"text":"of","start":5473.31,"end":5473.55},{"text":"NDR.","start":5473.55,"end":5474.11}]},{"text":"Theoretically, this concept inherits the institutional innovation of states as right holders and prevents overgeneralization through jurisprudential calibration.","start":5474.75,"end":5487.63,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5819.75,"end":5819.95},{"text":"takes","start":5819.95,"end":5820.15},{"text":"international","start":5820.15,"end":5821.07},{"text":"law","start":5821.07,"end":5821.15},{"text":"and","start":5821.15,"end":5821.47},{"text":"the","start":5821.47,"end":5821.55},{"text":"International","start":5822.39,"end":5822.95},{"text":"Patriotic","start":5822.95,"end":5823.51},{"text":"Pact","start":5823.51,"end":5823.99},{"text":"as","start":5823.99,"end":5824.23},{"text":"its","start":5824.23,"end":5824.51},{"text":"supreme","start":5824.51,"end":5825.03},{"text":"norms","start":5825.03,"end":5825.67},{"text":"within","start":5825.67,"end":5826.55},{"text":"the","start":5826.55,"end":5826.75},{"text":"nation's","start":5826.75,"end":5827.23},{"text":"rights,","start":5827.23,"end":5827.67},{"text":"with","start":5827.75,"end":5828.03},{"text":"the","start":5828.03,"end":5828.11},{"text":"nation's","start":5828.11,"end":5828.55},{"text":"right","start":5828.55,"end":5828.75},{"text":"to","start":5828.75,"end":5828.83},{"text":"development","start":5828.83,"end":5829.43},{"text":"as","start":5829.67,"end":5829.91},{"text":"its","start":5829.91,"end":5830.23},{"text":"theoretical","start":5830.23,"end":5830.79},{"text":"foundation.","start":5830.79,"end":5831.27}]},{"text":"Second, Grassroots oversight.","start":5831.43,"end":5833.55,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5851.47,"end":5851.71},{"text":"represents","start":5851.71,"end":5852.67},{"text":"a","start":5852.91,"end":5852.95},{"text":"verifiable,","start":5852.95,"end":5853.87},{"text":"reviewable","start":5853.87,"end":5854.75},{"text":"red","start":5854.91,"end":5855.15},{"text":"line","start":5855.15,"end":5855.47},{"text":"for","start":5855.47,"end":5855.79},{"text":"state","start":5855.79,"end":5856.11},{"text":"conduct.","start":5856.59,"end":5857.15}]},{"text":"Third, the foundation for human rights.","start":5857.87,"end":5861.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":5857.87,"end":5858.27},{"text":"the","start":5859.39,"end":5859.51},{"text":"foundation","start":5859.51,"end":5860.03},{"text":"for","start":5860.03,"end":5860.27},{"text":"human","start":5860.27,"end":5860.59},{"text":"rights.","start":5860.59,"end":5861.15}]},{"text":"We uphold one core conviction that national development constitutes the cornerstone of human rights protection.","start":5863.15,"end":5873.07,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":5874.11,"end":5874.83},{"text":"national","start":5874.83,"end":5875.31},{"text":"development,","start":5875.31,"end":5876.11},{"text":"all","start":5877.47,"end":5877.71},{"text":"human","start":5877.71,"end":5878.11},{"text":"rights,","start":5878.11,"end":5878.59},{"text":"including","start":5879.79,"end":5880.31},{"text":"the","start":5880.31,"end":5880.39},{"text":"right","start":5880.39,"end":5880.63},{"text":"to","start":5880.63,"end":5880.71},{"text":"subsistence,","start":5880.71,"end":5881.55},{"text":"environmental","start":5881.55,"end":5882.35},{"text":"rights,","start":5882.35,"end":5882.75},{"text":"and","start":5882.75,"end":5882.99},{"text":"cultural","start":5882.99,"end":5883.35},{"text":"rights,","start":5883.35,"end":5883.95},{"text":"lack","start":5883.95,"end":5884.43},{"text":"any","start":5884.43,"end":5884.67},{"text":"practical","start":5884.67,"end":5885.15},{"text":"basis.","start":5885.15,"end":5885.63}]},{"text":"Traditional global human rights governance has overlooked the right of states This civil society devised mechanism restores due attention to those rights.","start":5887.23,"end":5898.39,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Traditional","start":5887.23,"end":5887.87},{"text":"global","start":5887.87,"end":5888.27},{"text":"human","start":5888.27,"end":5888.55},{"text":"rights","start":5888.55,"end":5888.83},{"text":"governance","start":5888.83,"end":5889.39},{"text":"has","start":5889.39,"end":5889.71},{"text":"overlooked","start":5889.71,"end":5890.43},{"text":"the","start":5890.51,"end":5890.63},{"text":"right","start":5890.63,"end":5891.15},{"text":"of","start":5891.15,"end":5891.31},{"text":"states","start":5891.31,"end":5891.87},{"text":"This","start":5893.19,"end":5893.71},{"text":"civil","start":5893.71,"end":5893.91},{"text":"society","start":5893.91,"end":5894.47},{"text":"devised","start":5894.47,"end":5895.19},{"text":"mechanism","start":5895.19,"end":5895.91},{"text":"restores","start":5895.91,"end":5896.63},{"text":"due","start":5896.63,"end":5897.03},{"text":"attention","start":5897.03,"end":5897.51},{"text":"to","start":5897.51,"end":5897.75},{"text":"those","start":5897.75,"end":5897.99},{"text":"rights.","start":5897.99,"end":5898.39}]},{"text":"Fourth, building a new international order.","start":5900.07,"end":5903.83,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":5900.07,"end":5900.39},{"text":"building","start":5901.67,"end":5902.19},{"text":"a","start":5902.19,"end":5902.23},{"text":"new","start":5902.23,"end":5902.79},{"text":"international","start":5902.79,"end":5903.43},{"text":"order.","start":5903.43,"end":5903.83}]},{"text":"Our approach is not confrontational.","start":5905.35,"end":5907.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":5905.35,"end":5905.55},{"text":"approach","start":5905.55,"end":5905.91},{"text":"is","start":5905.91,"end":5906.07},{"text":"not","start":5906.07,"end":5906.39},{"text":"confrontational.","start":5906.39,"end":5907.19}]},{"text":"Instead, we promote policy corrections through constructive dialogue, advancing a more just, equitable, and balanced new international order for development cooperation.","start":5907.43,"end":5919.99,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Instead,","start":5907.43,"end":5907.99},{"text":"we","start":5907.99,"end":5908.23},{"text":"promote","start":5908.23,"end":5908.79},{"text":"policy","start":5908.79,"end":5909.35},{"text":"corrections","start":5909.35,"end":5910.07},{"text":"through","start":5910.39,"end":5910.71},{"text":"constructive","start":5910.71,"end":5911.67},{"text":"dialogue,","start":5911.75,"end":5912.19},{"text":"advancing","start":5912.95,"end":5913.55},{"text":"a","start":5913.55,"end":5913.59},{"text":"more","start":5913.59,"end":5913.99},{"text":"just,","start":5913.99,"end":5914.47},{"text":"equitable,","start":5914.71,"end":5915.51},{"text":"and","start":5915.51,"end":5915.83},{"text":"balanced","start":5915.83,"end":5916.47},{"text":"new","start":5916.47,"end":5916.63},{"text":"international","start":5916.63,"end":5917.27},{"text":"order","start":5917.27,"end":5917.67},{"text":"for","start":5918.07,"end":5918.39},{"text":"development","start":5918.39,"end":5919.11},{"text":"cooperation.","start":5919.11,"end":5919.99}]},{"text":"Article 2 of Chapter 1, core principles.","start":5926.15,"end":5929.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Article","start":5926.15,"end":5926.55},{"text":"2","start":5926.55,"end":5926.95},{"text":"of","start":5927.19,"end":5927.43},{"text":"Chapter","start":5927.43,"end":5927.75},{"text":"1,","start":5927.75,"end":5928.07},{"text":"core","start":5928.47,"end":5928.71},{"text":"principles.","start":5928.71,"end":5929.43}]},{"text":"It includes four bottom line principles.","start":5931.11,"end":5934.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5931.11,"end":5931.27},{"text":"includes","start":5931.27,"end":5932.07},{"text":"four","start":5932.39,"end":5932.87},{"text":"bottom","start":5932.87,"end":5933.27},{"text":"line","start":5933.27,"end":5933.59},{"text":"principles.","start":5933.59,"end":5934.31}]},{"text":"These four features constitute the soul and bottom line of this mechanism.","start":5935.35,"end":5939.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":5935.35,"end":5935.67},{"text":"four","start":5935.67,"end":5936.15},{"text":"features","start":5936.15,"end":5936.71},{"text":"constitute","start":5936.71,"end":5937.31},{"text":"the","start":5937.31,"end":5937.43},{"text":"soul","start":5937.43,"end":5937.83},{"text":"and","start":5937.83,"end":5937.99},{"text":"bottom","start":5937.99,"end":5938.31},{"text":"line","start":5938.31,"end":5938.55},{"text":"of","start":5938.55,"end":5938.67},{"text":"this","start":5938.67,"end":5938.87},{"text":"mechanism.","start":5938.87,"end":5939.51}]},{"text":"First, it's non-confrontational.","start":5940.07,"end":5943.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":5940.07,"end":5941.51},{"text":"it's","start":5942.39,"end":5942.63},{"text":"non-confrontational.","start":5942.63,"end":5943.83}]},{"text":"We promote corrections to state policies through public opinion guidance and constructive dialogue.","start":5944.07,"end":5949.67,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5944.07,"end":5944.23},{"text":"promote","start":5944.23,"end":5944.63},{"text":"corrections","start":5944.63,"end":5945.15},{"text":"to","start":5945.15,"end":5945.31},{"text":"state","start":5945.31,"end":5945.67},{"text":"policies","start":5945.67,"end":5946.23},{"text":"through","start":5946.23,"end":5946.47},{"text":"public","start":5946.47,"end":5946.95},{"text":"opinion","start":5946.95,"end":5947.43},{"text":"guidance","start":5947.43,"end":5947.99},{"text":"and","start":5948.47,"end":5948.71},{"text":"constructive","start":5948.71,"end":5949.27},{"text":"dialogue.","start":5949.27,"end":5949.67}]},{"text":"rather than political trials or punitive sanctions.","start":5950.63,"end":5955.35,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"rather","start":5950.63,"end":5951.11},{"text":"than","start":5951.11,"end":5951.43},{"text":"political","start":5951.43,"end":5952.15},{"text":"trials","start":5952.39,"end":5953.03},{"text":"or","start":5953.03,"end":5953.43},{"text":"punitive","start":5953.43,"end":5954.15},{"text":"sanctions.","start":5954.47,"end":5955.35}]},{"text":"We are not a people's court.","start":5958.15,"end":5959.75,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5958.15,"end":5958.39},{"text":"are","start":5958.39,"end":5958.47},{"text":"not","start":5958.47,"end":5958.71},{"text":"a","start":5958.71,"end":5958.79},{"text":"people's","start":5958.79,"end":5959.23},{"text":"court.","start":5959.23,"end":5959.75}]},{"text":"We function only as a policy correction instrument.","start":5960.55,"end":5964.87,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5960.55,"end":5961.11},{"text":"function","start":5961.11,"end":5961.75},{"text":"only","start":5961.75,"end":5962.23},{"text":"as","start":5962.23,"end":5962.63},{"text":"a","start":5962.87,"end":5962.91},{"text":"policy","start":5962.91,"end":5963.51},{"text":"correction","start":5963.51,"end":5964.23},{"text":"instrument.","start":5964.23,"end":5964.87}]},{"text":"Second, independence.","start":5966.15,"end":5968.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":5966.15,"end":5966.63},{"text":"independence.","start":5967.43,"end":5968.31}]},{"text":"This is our most essential principle.","start":5969.75,"end":5972.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5969.75,"end":5969.99},{"text":"is","start":5969.99,"end":5970.31},{"text":"our","start":5970.31,"end":5970.55},{"text":"most","start":5970.55,"end":5971.03},{"text":"essential","start":5971.11,"end":5971.63},{"text":"principle.","start":5971.63,"end":5972.31}]},{"text":"The mechanism operates independently.","start":5972.87,"end":5975.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5972.87,"end":5973.03},{"text":"mechanism","start":5973.03,"end":5973.67},{"text":"operates","start":5973.67,"end":5974.23},{"text":"independently.","start":5974.23,"end":5975.27}]},{"text":"It is not beholden to any national government power, politics, or conventional international financial institutions.","start":5976.79,"end":5988.11,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"while","start":6005.19,"end":6005.71},{"text":"giving","start":6005.79,"end":6006.19},{"text":"full","start":6006.19,"end":6006.35},{"text":"consideration","start":6006.35,"end":6007.23},{"text":"to","start":6007.23,"end":6007.47},{"text":"the","start":6007.47,"end":6007.67},{"text":"historical","start":6007.71,"end":6008.35},{"text":"context","start":6008.35,"end":6009.03},{"text":"and","start":6009.03,"end":6009.27},{"text":"development","start":6009.27,"end":6009.79},{"text":"stages","start":6009.79,"end":6010.35},{"text":"of","start":6010.87,"end":6011.07},{"text":"different","start":6011.39,"end":6011.79},{"text":"countries.","start":6011.79,"end":6012.27}]},{"text":"Small and poor countries cannot be judged solely against standards set by developed countries.","start":6012.91,"end":6021.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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due to technical challenges, this electronic signature cannot be realized today.","start":6880.99,"end":6888.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6880.99,"end":6881.67},{"text":"due","start":6881.71,"end":6881.95},{"text":"to","start":6881.95,"end":6882.43},{"text":"technical","start":6883.31,"end":6883.95},{"text":"challenges,","start":6883.95,"end":6884.59},{"text":"this","start":6884.83,"end":6885.23},{"text":"electronic","start":6885.39,"end":6886.19},{"text":"signature","start":6886.19,"end":6886.83},{"text":"cannot","start":6887.47,"end":6887.71},{"text":"be","start":6887.71,"end":6888.03},{"text":"realized","start":6888.03,"end":6888.51},{"text":"today.","start":6888.51,"end":6888.91}]},{"text":"Please applause to this signature so that we can witness signing down this 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applause.","start":6903.19,"end":6905.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let's","start":6903.19,"end":6903.51},{"text":"give","start":6903.51,"end":6903.75},{"text":"it","start":6903.75,"end":6903.91},{"text":"a","start":6903.91,"end":6904.07},{"text":"round","start":6904.23,"end":6904.51},{"text":"of","start":6904.51,"end":6904.63},{"text":"applause.","start":6904.63,"end":6905.27}]},{"text":"We now move to item 2, that is, expert reports on nations' right to development.","start":6920.59,"end":6932.91,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6985.19,"end":6985.43},{"text":"accordance","start":6985.43,"end":6986.23},{"text":"with","start":6986.31,"end":6986.59},{"text":"the","start":6986.67,"end":6986.87},{"text":"IPPO","start":6986.87,"end":6987.83},{"text":"review","start":6987.83,"end":6988.23},{"text":"mechanism,","start":6988.23,"end":6989.11},{"text":"the","start":6989.35,"end":6989.47},{"text":"working","start":6989.51,"end":6989.99},{"text":"group","start":6989.99,"end":6990.31},{"text":"will","start":6990.39,"end":6990.55},{"text":"continue","start":6990.55,"end":6991.35},{"text":"its","start":6991.35,"end":6991.51},{"text":"follow-up","start":6991.51,"end":6992.03},{"text":"review","start":6992.07,"end":6992.71},{"text":"of","start":6992.99,"end":6993.11},{"text":"the","start":6993.11,"end":6993.27},{"text":"nation's","start":6993.27,"end":6993.83},{"text":"rights","start":6993.83,"end":6994.31},{"text":"to","start":6994.55,"end":6994.71},{"text":"development","start":6994.71,"end":6995.59},{"text":"of","start":6995.59,"end":6995.67},{"text":"the","start":6995.67,"end":6995.75},{"text":"United","start":6995.83,"end":6996.27},{"text":"States.","start":6996.27,"end":6996.79}]},{"text":"I now present the report as follows.","start":6997.27,"end":7000.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6997.27,"end":6997.51},{"text":"now","start":6997.51,"end":6997.67},{"text":"present","start":6997.67,"end":6998.27},{"text":"the","start":6998.27,"end":6998.35},{"text":"report","start":6998.35,"end":6999.51},{"text":"as","start":6999.51,"end":6999.83},{"text":"follows.","start":6999.83,"end":7000.39}]},{"text":"Distinguished delegates, this is an independent review report representing global civil society organizations.","start":7007.03,"end":7015.07,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":7023.95,"end":7024.27},{"text":"guiding","start":7024.27,"end":7024.63},{"text":"principle","start":7024.63,"end":7025.31},{"text":"is","start":7025.31,"end":7025.55},{"text":"simple,","start":7025.55,"end":7026.03},{"text":"loving","start":7026.43,"end":7026.83},{"text":"one's","start":7026.83,"end":7027.31},{"text":"own","start":7027.31,"end":7027.55},{"text":"country","start":7027.55,"end":7028.11},{"text":"without","start":7028.27,"end":7028.83},{"text":"harming","start":7028.91,"end":7029.39},{"text":"other","start":7029.39,"end":7029.71},{"text":"nations'","start":7029.71,"end":7030.19},{"text":"interests.","start":7030.19,"end":7030.83}]},{"text":"First, please allow me to explain the nature of this review.","start":7031.35,"end":7035.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7031.35,"end":7031.91},{"text":"please","start":7032.15,"end":7032.47},{"text":"allow","start":7032.47,"end":7032.75},{"text":"me","start":7032.75,"end":7033.03},{"text":"to","start":7033.03,"end":7033.19},{"text":"explain","start":7033.19,"end":7033.83},{"text":"the","start":7033.87,"end":7033.95},{"text":"nature","start":7033.95,"end":7034.63},{"text":"of","start":7034.67,"end":7034.79},{"text":"this","start":7034.79,"end":7035.03},{"text":"review.","start":7035.03,"end":7035.59}]},{"text":"This review involves direct participation by stakeholders from global civil society organizations and is free from the independence, objectivity, and impartiality and broad participation.","start":7035.91,"end":7050.55,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":7051.11,"end":7051.43},{"text":"aim","start":7051.59,"end":7052.07},{"text":"is","start":7052.95,"end":7053.27},{"text":"to","start":7053.59,"end":7054.07},{"text":"promote","start":7054.15,"end":7054.75},{"text":"policy","start":7054.75,"end":7055.23},{"text":"correction","start":7055.23,"end":7055.99},{"text":"through","start":7055.99,"end":7056.27},{"text":"constructive","start":7056.27,"end":7056.95},{"text":"dialogue.","start":7056.95,"end":7057.47}]},{"text":"This report is issued pursuant to Article 7 of the Review Mechanism of the Nations' Rights to Development Draft and its accompanying standard template.","start":7057.99,"end":7069.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7069.79,"end":7070.03},{"text":"is","start":7070.03,"end":7070.27},{"text":"an","start":7070.39,"end":7070.59},{"text":"independent","start":7070.59,"end":7071.55},{"text":"civil","start":7071.55,"end":7071.95},{"text":"society","start":7071.95,"end":7072.51},{"text":"review","start":7072.51,"end":7072.83},{"text":"document","start":7072.83,"end":7073.47},{"text":"led","start":7073.71,"end":7073.95},{"text":"by","start":7073.95,"end":7074.31},{"text":"IPPO","start":7074.31,"end":7075.07},{"text":"and","start":7075.31,"end":7075.55},{"text":"contains","start":7075.55,"end":7076.11},{"text":"no","start":7076.11,"end":7076.43},{"text":"punitive","start":7076.43,"end":7077.23},{"text":"sanction","start":7077.47,"end":7077.99},{"text":"measures.","start":7077.99,"end":7078.67}]},{"text":"Upon deliberation and adoption by the committee, the report will be submitted to relevant bodies, including the UN Human Rights Council, as a civil society stakeholder document.","start":7079.23,"end":7091.79,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Upon","start":7079.23,"end":7079.71},{"text":"deliberation","start":7079.71,"end":7080.51},{"text":"and","start":7080.51,"end":7080.75},{"text":"adoption","start":7080.75,"end":7081.23},{"text":"by","start":7081.23,"end":7081.47},{"text":"the","start":7081.51,"end":7081.63},{"text":"committee,","start":7081.63,"end":7082.27},{"text":"the","start":7082.59,"end":7082.75},{"text":"report","start":7082.75,"end":7083.39},{"text":"will","start":7083.55,"end":7083.75},{"text":"be","start":7083.75,"end":7083.87},{"text":"submitted","start":7083.87,"end":7084.51},{"text":"to","start":7084.51,"end":7084.75},{"text":"relevant","start":7084.75,"end":7085.39},{"text":"bodies,","start":7085.39,"end":7085.87},{"text":"including","start":7086.11,"end":7086.75},{"text":"the","start":7086.75,"end":7086.83},{"text":"UN","start":7086.83,"end":7087.39},{"text":"Human","start":7087.39,"end":7087.71},{"text":"Rights","start":7087.71,"end":7088.03},{"text":"Council,","start":7088.03,"end":7088.59},{"text":"as","start":7088.91,"end":7089.31},{"text":"a","start":7089.39,"end":7089.47},{"text":"civil","start":7089.47,"end":7089.87},{"text":"society","start":7089.87,"end":7090.39},{"text":"stakeholder","start":7090.39,"end":7091.07},{"text":"document.","start":7091.07,"end":7091.79}]},{"text":"The legal basis for this review consists of three parts.","start":7092.43,"end":7095.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7092.43,"end":7092.59},{"text":"legal","start":7092.59,"end":7092.95},{"text":"basis","start":7092.95,"end":7093.31},{"text":"for","start":7093.31,"end":7093.55},{"text":"this","start":7093.55,"end":7093.71},{"text":"review","start":7093.71,"end":7094.07},{"text":"consists","start":7094.07,"end":7094.55},{"text":"of","start":7094.55,"end":7094.75},{"text":"three","start":7094.83,"end":7095.07},{"text":"parts.","start":7095.07,"end":7095.55}]},{"text":"First, the core principles set forth in Article 2 of the International Patriotic Pact, loving one's own country without harming other nations' interests.","start":7096.11,"end":7105.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7096.11,"end":7096.59},{"text":"the","start":7096.99,"end":7097.15},{"text":"core","start":7097.15,"end":7097.47},{"text":"principles","start":7097.47,"end":7098.11},{"text":"set","start":7098.11,"end":7098.35},{"text":"forth","start":7098.35,"end":7098.59},{"text":"in","start":7098.59,"end":7098.75},{"text":"Article","start":7098.75,"end":7099.15},{"text":"2","start":7099.15,"end":7099.55},{"text":"of","start":7099.55,"end":7099.63},{"text":"the","start":7099.63,"end":7099.71},{"text":"International","start":7099.79,"end":7100.35},{"text":"Patriotic","start":7100.35,"end":7100.91},{"text":"Pact,","start":7100.91,"end":7101.39},{"text":"loving","start":7101.79,"end":7102.07},{"text":"one's","start":7102.07,"end":7102.39},{"text":"own","start":7102.39,"end":7102.47},{"text":"country","start":7102.47,"end":7102.83},{"text":"without","start":7102.83,"end":7103.31},{"text":"harming","start":7103.31,"end":7103.79},{"text":"other","start":7103.79,"end":7104.11},{"text":"nations'","start":7104.11,"end":7104.51},{"text":"interests.","start":7104.51,"end":7105.15}]},{"text":"Second, the principles of sovereign equality, non-interference in internal affairs, and peaceful settlement of disputes enshrined in Charter of the United Nations; and third, the relevant international covenants on economic, social, and cultural rights, and the norms concerning the nation's rights to development; with reference to international documents such as the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States and the Declaration on the Right to Development.","start":7105.79,"end":7141.15,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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me now turn to the basic information of this review.","start":7143.87,"end":7146.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":7143.87,"end":7143.99},{"text":"me","start":7143.99,"end":7144.11},{"text":"now","start":7144.11,"end":7144.35},{"text":"turn","start":7144.35,"end":7144.67},{"text":"to","start":7144.67,"end":7144.79},{"text":"the","start":7144.79,"end":7144.91},{"text":"basic","start":7144.91,"end":7145.39},{"text":"information","start":7145.47,"end":7145.99},{"text":"of","start":7145.99,"end":7146.07},{"text":"this","start":7146.07,"end":7146.27},{"text":"review.","start":7146.27,"end":7146.83}]},{"text":"The report number is IPPONI.DRC.2026USA.007.","start":7147.07,"end":7153.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7147.07,"end":7147.19},{"text":"report","start":7147.19,"end":7147.63},{"text":"number","start":7147.63,"end":7148.11},{"text":"is","start":7148.11,"end":7148.39},{"text":"IPPONI.DRC.2026USA.007.","start":7148.39,"end":7153.55}]},{"text":"The state under review is the United States of America.","start":7153.87,"end":7157.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7153.87,"end":7154.03},{"text":"state","start":7154.03,"end":7154.67},{"text":"under","start":7154.67,"end":7155.03},{"text":"review","start":7155.03,"end":7155.39},{"text":"is","start":7155.39,"end":7155.79},{"text":"the","start":7155.79,"end":7155.87},{"text":"United","start":7155.87,"end":7156.35},{"text":"States","start":7156.35,"end":7156.83},{"text":"of","start":7156.83,"end":7156.99},{"text":"America.","start":7156.99,"end":7157.71}]},{"text":"The proposing party is the IPPU Civil Society Joint Proposing Group, with members from Asia, Africa and South America.","start":7158.31,"end":7168.23,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."},{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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authorization details are provided in the basic information table of the 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review was accepted on February 1st, 2026, formally commenced on March 15th, 2026, and the report was submitted on June 13th, 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funding is provided by matching funds from the proposing party and the IPPO special fund and is managed independently and 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review focuses on the cross-border substantive harm caused by the state and the review to all nations' rights to development during its process of national development through means such as unilateral coercive measures, secondary sanction, long-arm jurisdiction, export controls, and technological blockades.","start":7204.67,"end":7230.95,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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didn't issue a review notification to the state under review in accordance with procedures or invited to attend the hearing.","start":7353.51,"end":7363.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7353.51,"end":7353.75},{"text":"didn't","start":7353.75,"end":7354.23},{"text":"issue","start":7354.23,"end":7354.71},{"text":"a","start":7354.79,"end":7354.87},{"text":"review","start":7354.87,"end":7355.35},{"text":"notification","start":7355.91,"end":7356.79},{"text":"to","start":7356.95,"end":7357.07},{"text":"the","start":7357.11,"end":7357.35},{"text":"state","start":7357.35,"end":7357.83},{"text":"under","start":7357.91,"end":7358.27},{"text":"review","start":7358.27,"end":7358.71},{"text":"in","start":7358.71,"end":7358.83},{"text":"accordance","start":7358.83,"end":7359.43},{"text":"with","start":7359.43,"end":7359.63},{"text":"procedures","start":7359.67,"end":7360.55},{"text":"or","start":7360.79,"end":7361.19},{"text":"invited","start":7361.19,"end":7361.83},{"text":"to","start":7361.83,"end":7361.95},{"text":"attend","start":7361.95,"end":7362.59},{"text":"the","start":7362.59,"end":7362.71},{"text":"hearing.","start":7362.71,"end":7363.19}]},{"text":"The US side didn't send representative to the hearing, but submitted its views in written form.","start":7363.67,"end":7370.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7363.67,"end":7363.95},{"text":"US","start":7363.99,"end":7364.35},{"text":"side","start":7364.35,"end":7364.59},{"text":"didn't","start":7364.59,"end":7365.11},{"text":"send","start":7365.11,"end":7365.43},{"text":"representative","start":7365.43,"end":7366.23},{"text":"to","start":7366.23,"end":7366.35},{"text":"the","start":7366.35,"end":7366.43},{"text":"hearing,","start":7366.43,"end":7366.87},{"text":"but","start":7367.11,"end":7367.83},{"text":"submitted","start":7367.83,"end":7368.63},{"text":"its","start":7368.71,"end":7369.03},{"text":"views","start":7369.03,"end":7369.51},{"text":"in","start":7369.51,"end":7369.75},{"text":"written","start":7369.83,"end":7370.23},{"text":"form.","start":7370.23,"end":7370.63}]},{"text":"The Secretariat has committed to transmitting this report to the US Permanent Mission to the United Nations.","start":7371.27,"end":7378.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7371.27,"end":7371.39},{"text":"Secretariat","start":7371.59,"end":7372.71},{"text":"has","start":7372.87,"end":7373.27},{"text":"committed","start":7373.27,"end":7373.87},{"text":"to","start":7373.87,"end":7373.99},{"text":"transmitting","start":7373.99,"end":7374.71},{"text":"this","start":7374.71,"end":7374.95},{"text":"report","start":7374.95,"end":7375.51},{"text":"to","start":7375.75,"end":7375.87},{"text":"the","start":7375.91,"end":7376.07},{"text":"US","start":7376.15,"end":7376.39},{"text":"Permanent","start":7376.39,"end":7376.99},{"text":"Mission","start":7376.99,"end":7377.59},{"text":"to","start":7377.67,"end":7377.83},{"text":"the","start":7377.83,"end":7377.99},{"text":"United","start":7377.99,"end":7378.43},{"text":"Nations.","start":7378.43,"end":7378.95}]},{"text":"In summary, this review is a unilateral civil social-led review.","start":7379.99,"end":7384.95,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7379.99,"end":7380.15},{"text":"summary,","start":7380.15,"end":7380.71},{"text":"this","start":7380.71,"end":7381.11},{"text":"review","start":7381.11,"end":7381.75},{"text":"is","start":7381.75,"end":7382.31},{"text":"a","start":7382.39,"end":7382.55},{"text":"unilateral","start":7382.55,"end":7383.35},{"text":"civil","start":7383.35,"end":7383.71},{"text":"social-led","start":7383.71,"end":7384.47},{"text":"review.","start":7384.47,"end":7384.95}]},{"text":"IPPO is improving its communication mechanisms and optimizing subsequent review procedures.","start":7385.27,"end":7391.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"IPPO","start":7385.27,"end":7386.15},{"text":"is","start":7386.15,"end":7386.47},{"text":"improving","start":7386.47,"end":7387.19},{"text":"its","start":7387.19,"end":7387.43},{"text":"communication","start":7387.43,"end":7388.15},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7388.15,"end":7388.87},{"text":"and","start":7389.03,"end":7389.35},{"text":"optimizing","start":7389.35,"end":7390.23},{"text":"subsequent","start":7390.23,"end":7390.91},{"text":"review","start":7390.95,"end":7391.27},{"text":"procedures.","start":7391.27,"end":7391.99}]},{"text":"Let me turn to the core conclusions and quantitative indicators of this review.","start":7393.99,"end":7399.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":7393.99,"end":7394.11},{"text":"me","start":7394.11,"end":7394.31},{"text":"turn","start":7394.31,"end":7394.63},{"text":"to","start":7394.63,"end":7395.19},{"text":"the","start":7395.71,"end":7395.91},{"text":"core","start":7395.91,"end":7396.31},{"text":"conclusions","start":7396.31,"end":7397.11},{"text":"and","start":7397.11,"end":7397.27},{"text":"quantitative","start":7397.27,"end":7397.91},{"text":"indicators","start":7397.91,"end":7398.59},{"text":"of","start":7398.59,"end":7398.71},{"text":"this","start":7398.71,"end":7398.95},{"text":"review.","start":7398.95,"end":7399.43}]},{"text":"First, systematic sanctions, the long-standing and systematic abuse of unilateral sanctions, sanctuary sanctions, and law and jurisdiction disrupts the trade, infrastructure, and financial stability of affected countries.","start":7400.55,"end":7415.91,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7400.55,"end":7401.03},{"text":"systematic","start":7401.43,"end":7402.23},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7402.23,"end":7402.87},{"text":"the","start":7403.11,"end":7403.23},{"text":"long-standing","start":7403.23,"end":7403.99},{"text":"and","start":7403.99,"end":7404.15},{"text":"systematic","start":7404.15,"end":7404.87},{"text":"abuse","start":7404.87,"end":7405.43},{"text":"of","start":7405.43,"end":7405.59},{"text":"unilateral","start":7405.59,"end":7406.27},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7406.27,"end":7406.87},{"text":"sanctuary","start":7407.03,"end":7407.71},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7407.71,"end":7408.31},{"text":"and","start":7408.31,"end":7408.43},{"text":"law","start":7408.43,"end":7408.75},{"text":"and","start":7408.75,"end":7408.91},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":7408.91,"end":7409.75},{"text":"disrupts","start":7409.75,"end":7410.27},{"text":"the","start":7410.27,"end":7410.39},{"text":"trade,","start":7410.47,"end":7410.95},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":7411.27,"end":7412.31},{"text":"and","start":7412.55,"end":7412.87},{"text":"financial","start":7412.87,"end":7413.39},{"text":"stability","start":7413.39,"end":7414.31},{"text":"of","start":7414.51,"end":7414.63},{"text":"affected","start":7414.63,"end":7415.27},{"text":"countries.","start":7415.27,"end":7415.91}]},{"text":"Second, excessive expansion of extra-territorial domestic laws are applied to third country subjects, constituting external interference in other national economic sovereignty.","start":7416.63,"end":7431.99,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7416.63,"end":7417.35},{"text":"excessive","start":7417.67,"end":7418.31},{"text":"expansion","start":7418.31,"end":7419.19},{"text":"of","start":7419.71,"end":7419.83},{"text":"extra-territorial","start":7419.83,"end":7421.35},{"text":"domestic","start":7421.35,"end":7422.07},{"text":"laws","start":7422.07,"end":7422.47},{"text":"are","start":7422.71,"end":7422.95},{"text":"applied","start":7422.95,"end":7423.59},{"text":"to","start":7423.67,"end":7423.91},{"text":"third","start":7423.91,"end":7424.31},{"text":"country","start":7424.31,"end":7424.79},{"text":"subjects,","start":7424.79,"end":7425.59},{"text":"constituting","start":7426.07,"end":7427.11},{"text":"external","start":7427.11,"end":7427.75},{"text":"interference","start":7427.75,"end":7428.63},{"text":"in","start":7428.95,"end":7429.27},{"text":"other","start":7429.27,"end":7429.67},{"text":"national","start":7429.67,"end":7430.15},{"text":"economic","start":7430.19,"end":7431.03},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":7431.19,"end":7431.99}]},{"text":"Third, cross-border harm.","start":7432.79,"end":7434.79,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7432.79,"end":7433.35},{"text":"cross-border","start":7433.67,"end":7434.39},{"text":"harm.","start":7434.39,"end":7434.79}]},{"text":"This caused widespread, substantive, and systematic cross-border damage to other nations' economic development and the well-being of their people.","start":7435.03,"end":7445.59,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7435.03,"end":7435.27},{"text":"caused","start":7435.27,"end":7435.75},{"text":"widespread,","start":7435.75,"end":7436.63},{"text":"substantive,","start":7436.87,"end":7438.15},{"text":"and","start":7438.31,"end":7438.55},{"text":"systematic","start":7438.55,"end":7439.63},{"text":"cross-border","start":7439.63,"end":7440.31},{"text":"damage","start":7440.31,"end":7440.95},{"text":"to","start":7441.27,"end":7441.59},{"text":"other","start":7441.67,"end":7441.91},{"text":"nations'","start":7441.91,"end":7442.43},{"text":"economic","start":7442.43,"end":7442.95},{"text":"development","start":7442.95,"end":7443.67},{"text":"and","start":7443.75,"end":7443.95},{"text":"the","start":7443.95,"end":7444.07},{"text":"well-being","start":7444.07,"end":7444.71},{"text":"of","start":7444.75,"end":7444.87},{"text":"their","start":7444.87,"end":7445.11},{"text":"people.","start":7445.11,"end":7445.59}]},{"text":"From the data, approximately 40 economies are affected by unilateral sanctions, including country-wide sanctions.","start":7446.35,"end":7455.39,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":7446.35,"end":7446.67},{"text":"the","start":7446.67,"end":7446.75},{"text":"data,","start":7446.75,"end":7447.31},{"text":"approximately","start":7447.63,"end":7448.83},{"text":"40","start":7449.07,"end":7449.51},{"text":"economies","start":7449.51,"end":7450.51},{"text":"are","start":7450.59,"end":7450.79},{"text":"affected","start":7450.79,"end":7451.31},{"text":"by","start":7451.31,"end":7451.63},{"text":"unilateral","start":7451.63,"end":7452.39},{"text":"sanctions,","start":7452.39,"end":7452.99},{"text":"including","start":7453.23,"end":7453.79},{"text":"country-wide","start":7453.79,"end":7454.67},{"text":"sanctions.","start":7454.67,"end":7455.39}]},{"text":"A fact especially designated the nation national entries are projected to reach 17,000 by 2026, reflecting continuous expansion.","start":7456.63,"end":7469.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":7456.63,"end":7456.79},{"text":"fact","start":7456.79,"end":7457.19},{"text":"especially","start":7457.19,"end":7458.15},{"text":"designated","start":7458.47,"end":7459.47},{"text":"the","start":7459.47,"end":7459.55},{"text":"nation","start":7459.55,"end":7460.31},{"text":"national","start":7460.31,"end":7460.87},{"text":"entries","start":7460.87,"end":7461.51},{"text":"are","start":7461.75,"end":7461.91},{"text":"projected","start":7461.91,"end":7462.71},{"text":"to","start":7462.95,"end":7463.11},{"text":"reach","start":7463.11,"end":7463.67},{"text":"17,000","start":7463.67,"end":7465.19},{"text":"by","start":7465.43,"end":7465.83},{"text":"2026,","start":7465.83,"end":7466.87},{"text":"reflecting","start":7467.11,"end":7467.79},{"text":"continuous","start":7467.79,"end":7468.39},{"text":"expansion.","start":7468.39,"end":7469.19}]},{"text":"And in 2024, 2025, more than 300 Russia related sanctions entities were newly listed.","start":7469.35,"end":7478.47,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7469.35,"end":7469.63},{"text":"in","start":7469.63,"end":7469.83},{"text":"2024,","start":7469.87,"end":7470.67},{"text":"2025,","start":7470.79,"end":7471.67},{"text":"more","start":7471.99,"end":7472.31},{"text":"than","start":7472.39,"end":7472.71},{"text":"300","start":7472.71,"end":7473.75},{"text":"Russia","start":7473.99,"end":7474.31},{"text":"related","start":7474.31,"end":7475.27},{"text":"sanctions","start":7475.27,"end":7475.99},{"text":"entities","start":7476.23,"end":7476.79},{"text":"were","start":7476.79,"end":7477.11},{"text":"newly","start":7477.11,"end":7477.83},{"text":"listed.","start":7477.83,"end":7478.47}]},{"text":"Sanctions have also produced severe humanitarian impact on civilians.","start":7478.87,"end":7485.83,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Sanctions","start":7478.87,"end":7479.43},{"text":"have","start":7479.43,"end":7479.67},{"text":"also","start":7479.67,"end":7480.43},{"text":"produced","start":7480.79,"end":7481.75},{"text":"severe","start":7481.75,"end":7482.15},{"text":"humanitarian","start":7482.15,"end":7483.19},{"text":"impact","start":7483.43,"end":7484.15},{"text":"on","start":7484.23,"end":7484.47},{"text":"civilians.","start":7484.95,"end":7485.83}]},{"text":"In the case of Iran, relevant sanctions have caused serious shortages of medicine, food, and essential supplies.","start":7486.19,"end":7495.07,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7486.19,"end":7486.35},{"text":"the","start":7486.35,"end":7486.51},{"text":"case","start":7486.51,"end":7486.91},{"text":"of","start":7486.91,"end":7487.07},{"text":"Iran,","start":7487.15,"end":7487.71},{"text":"relevant","start":7487.95,"end":7488.51},{"text":"sanctions","start":7488.51,"end":7489.15},{"text":"have","start":7489.15,"end":7489.39},{"text":"caused","start":7489.39,"end":7489.91},{"text":"serious","start":7489.91,"end":7490.55},{"text":"shortages","start":7490.55,"end":7491.23},{"text":"of","start":7491.23,"end":7491.31},{"text":"medicine,","start":7491.31,"end":7492.11},{"text":"food,","start":7492.51,"end":7492.99},{"text":"and","start":7493.31,"end":7493.71},{"text":"essential","start":7493.71,"end":7494.43},{"text":"supplies.","start":7494.43,"end":7495.07}]},{"text":"Now, let me turn to the core fund fundings.","start":7497.75,"end":7500.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now,","start":7497.75,"end":7497.91},{"text":"let","start":7497.91,"end":7498.19},{"text":"me","start":7498.19,"end":7498.39},{"text":"turn","start":7498.39,"end":7498.71},{"text":"to","start":7498.71,"end":7498.91},{"text":"the","start":7498.95,"end":7499.11},{"text":"core","start":7499.11,"end":7499.75},{"text":"fund","start":7499.75,"end":7500.15},{"text":"fundings.","start":7500.15,"end":7500.79}]},{"text":"First, extraterritoriality, domestic law is used to replace international law.","start":7501.03,"end":7508.95,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7501.03,"end":7501.59},{"text":"extraterritoriality,","start":7502.07,"end":7504.79},{"text":"domestic","start":7504.99,"end":7505.75},{"text":"law","start":7505.83,"end":7506.15},{"text":"is","start":7506.15,"end":7506.39},{"text":"used","start":7506.39,"end":7506.67},{"text":"to","start":7506.67,"end":7506.79},{"text":"replace","start":7506.87,"end":7507.35},{"text":"international","start":7507.35,"end":7508.39},{"text":"law.","start":7508.79,"end":7508.95}]},{"text":"Long arm jurisdiction is implemented through hub nodes such as financial clearing, technology exports, and maritime insurance.","start":7508.95,"end":7519.19,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Long","start":7508.95,"end":7509.11},{"text":"arm","start":7509.11,"end":7509.43},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":7509.43,"end":7510.23},{"text":"is","start":7510.23,"end":7510.63},{"text":"implemented","start":7510.63,"end":7511.59},{"text":"through","start":7511.91,"end":7512.31},{"text":"hub","start":7512.31,"end":7512.63},{"text":"nodes","start":7512.71,"end":7513.27},{"text":"such","start":7513.43,"end":7513.83},{"text":"as","start":7513.83,"end":7514.15},{"text":"financial","start":7514.15,"end":7514.63},{"text":"clearing,","start":7514.63,"end":7515.27},{"text":"technology","start":7515.43,"end":7516.07},{"text":"exports,","start":7516.07,"end":7516.87},{"text":"and","start":7517.19,"end":7517.67},{"text":"maritime","start":7517.67,"end":7518.39},{"text":"insurance.","start":7518.39,"end":7519.19}]},{"text":"Third country entities are first to comply.","start":7519.59,"end":7522.47,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":7519.59,"end":7519.83},{"text":"country","start":7519.83,"end":7520.23},{"text":"entities","start":7520.23,"end":7520.79},{"text":"are","start":7520.79,"end":7520.95},{"text":"first","start":7520.95,"end":7521.43},{"text":"to","start":7521.59,"end":7521.75},{"text":"comply.","start":7521.75,"end":7522.47}]},{"text":"This constitutes external inference in other nations, economic sovereignty.","start":7522.79,"end":7528.87,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7522.79,"end":7523.27},{"text":"constitutes","start":7523.27,"end":7524.07},{"text":"external","start":7524.15,"end":7524.75},{"text":"inference","start":7524.75,"end":7525.59},{"text":"in","start":7525.83,"end":7526.07},{"text":"other","start":7526.07,"end":7526.47},{"text":"nations,","start":7526.47,"end":7527.19},{"text":"economic","start":7527.55,"end":7527.91},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":7527.91,"end":7528.87}]},{"text":"Second, civilian harm.","start":7529.11,"end":7531.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7529.11,"end":7529.75},{"text":"civilian","start":7530.07,"end":7530.63},{"text":"harm.","start":7530.63,"end":7531.03}]},{"text":"Continuous sanctions on Iran, Venezuela, Cuba, and other countries severely restrict medicine, food, financial settlements, and energy exports.","start":7532.07,"end":7544.07,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Continuous","start":7532.07,"end":7532.99},{"text":"sanctions","start":7532.99,"end":7533.59},{"text":"on","start":7533.59,"end":7533.75},{"text":"Iran,","start":7533.75,"end":7534.39},{"text":"Venezuela,","start":7535.11,"end":7535.99},{"text":"Cuba,","start":7536.31,"end":7536.87},{"text":"and","start":7536.95,"end":7537.27},{"text":"other","start":7537.35,"end":7537.59},{"text":"countries","start":7537.59,"end":7538.03},{"text":"severely","start":7538.03,"end":7538.63},{"text":"restrict","start":7538.63,"end":7539.07},{"text":"medicine,","start":7539.07,"end":7539.75},{"text":"food,","start":7539.99,"end":7540.47},{"text":"financial","start":7540.63,"end":7541.19},{"text":"settlements,","start":7541.19,"end":7541.91},{"text":"and","start":7542.15,"end":7542.71},{"text":"energy","start":7542.79,"end":7543.19},{"text":"exports.","start":7543.35,"end":7544.07}]},{"text":"This causes observable collateral damage to the public's basic living conditions and to their rights to medical care and education.","start":7544.95,"end":7554.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7544.95,"end":7545.27},{"text":"causes","start":7545.27,"end":7545.83},{"text":"observable","start":7545.83,"end":7546.87},{"text":"collateral","start":7547.03,"end":7547.79},{"text":"damage","start":7547.79,"end":7548.31},{"text":"to","start":7548.31,"end":7548.47},{"text":"the","start":7548.51,"end":7548.63},{"text":"public's","start":7548.63,"end":7549.19},{"text":"basic","start":7549.19,"end":7549.67},{"text":"living","start":7549.67,"end":7549.99},{"text":"conditions","start":7549.99,"end":7550.63},{"text":"and","start":7550.87,"end":7551.11},{"text":"to","start":7551.11,"end":7551.27},{"text":"their","start":7551.27,"end":7551.55},{"text":"rights","start":7551.55,"end":7551.91},{"text":"to","start":7551.99,"end":7552.23},{"text":"medical","start":7552.23,"end":7552.71},{"text":"care","start":7552.71,"end":7553.27},{"text":"and","start":7553.27,"end":7553.59},{"text":"education.","start":7553.63,"end":7554.23}]},{"text":"Third, technology blockades, export controls, and the small yard high fence strategy restricts the flow of advanced semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and other technologies to specific countries.","start":7555.19,"end":7570.31,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7555.19,"end":7555.51},{"text":"technology","start":7555.67,"end":7556.55},{"text":"blockades,","start":7556.63,"end":7557.35},{"text":"export","start":7558.03,"end":7558.55},{"text":"controls,","start":7558.55,"end":7559.27},{"text":"and","start":7559.35,"end":7559.63},{"text":"the","start":7559.63,"end":7559.75},{"text":"small","start":7559.75,"end":7560.07},{"text":"yard","start":7560.07,"end":7560.39},{"text":"high","start":7560.39,"end":7560.63},{"text":"fence","start":7560.63,"end":7561.07},{"text":"strategy","start":7561.07,"end":7561.59},{"text":"restricts","start":7561.59,"end":7562.31},{"text":"the","start":7562.47,"end":7562.71},{"text":"flow","start":7562.79,"end":7563.35},{"text":"of","start":7563.35,"end":7563.43},{"text":"advanced","start":7563.47,"end":7564.23},{"text":"semiconductors,","start":7564.39,"end":7565.75},{"text":"artificial","start":7566.07,"end":7566.59},{"text":"intelligence,","start":7566.59,"end":7567.35},{"text":"and","start":7567.43,"end":7567.75},{"text":"other","start":7567.91,"end":7568.11},{"text":"technologies","start":7568.11,"end":7568.71},{"text":"to","start":7568.71,"end":7568.83},{"text":"specific","start":7568.83,"end":7569.71},{"text":"countries.","start":7569.71,"end":7570.31}]},{"text":"This hinders affected nations' industrialization and technological upgrading, and exacerbates the development gap.","start":7570.63,"end":7580.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7570.63,"end":7570.95},{"text":"hinders","start":7570.95,"end":7571.83},{"text":"affected","start":7572.07,"end":7572.75},{"text":"nations'","start":7572.75,"end":7573.27},{"text":"industrialization","start":7573.27,"end":7574.71},{"text":"and","start":7574.71,"end":7574.95},{"text":"technological","start":7574.95,"end":7575.75},{"text":"upgrading,","start":7575.75,"end":7576.39},{"text":"and","start":7576.71,"end":7576.99},{"text":"exacerbates","start":7576.99,"end":7578.23},{"text":"the","start":7578.47,"end":7578.71},{"text":"development","start":7578.71,"end":7579.67},{"text":"gap.","start":7579.75,"end":7580.07}]},{"text":"Fourth, Third party coercion.","start":7580.79,"end":7584.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":7580.79,"end":7581.27},{"text":"Third","start":7582.47,"end":7582.63},{"text":"party","start":7582.63,"end":7583.35},{"text":"coercion.","start":7583.35,"end":7584.23}]},{"text":"Secondary sanctions threaten third parties by cutting off the US dollar system and seizing assets.","start":7584.63,"end":7590.95,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondary","start":7584.63,"end":7585.27},{"text":"sanctions","start":7585.27,"end":7585.83},{"text":"threaten","start":7585.83,"end":7586.31},{"text":"third","start":7586.31,"end":7586.55},{"text":"parties","start":7586.55,"end":7587.11},{"text":"by","start":7587.27,"end":7587.51},{"text":"cutting","start":7587.51,"end":7588.15},{"text":"off","start":7588.15,"end":7588.31},{"text":"the","start":7588.31,"end":7588.43},{"text":"US","start":7588.63,"end":7588.87},{"text":"dollar","start":7588.87,"end":7589.19},{"text":"system","start":7589.19,"end":7589.59},{"text":"and","start":7589.59,"end":7589.79},{"text":"seizing","start":7589.79,"end":7590.31},{"text":"assets.","start":7590.31,"end":7590.95}]},{"text":"This forces sovereign nations to pick sides between China and the United States, eroding their right to independently choosing partners and development paths.","start":7591.35,"end":7603.91,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."},{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7591.35,"end":7591.59},{"text":"forces","start":7591.59,"end":7592.39},{"text":"sovereign","start":7592.63,"end":7593.35},{"text":"nations","start":7593.59,"end":7594.19},{"text":"to","start":7594.19,"end":7594.39},{"text":"pick","start":7594.39,"end":7594.79},{"text":"sides","start":7594.79,"end":7595.23},{"text":"between","start":7595.23,"end":7595.51},{"text":"China","start":7595.51,"end":7595.95},{"text":"and","start":7595.95,"end":7596.07},{"text":"the","start":7596.07,"end":7596.15},{"text":"United","start":7596.15,"end":7597.11},{"text":"States,","start":7597.75,"end":7598.31},{"text":"eroding","start":7598.63,"end":7599.27},{"text":"their","start":7599.27,"end":7599.63},{"text":"right","start":7599.63,"end":7599.99},{"text":"to","start":7600.23,"end":7600.39},{"text":"independently","start":7600.39,"end":7601.51},{"text":"choosing","start":7601.51,"end":7601.99},{"text":"partners","start":7601.99,"end":7602.71},{"text":"and","start":7602.71,"end":7602.91},{"text":"development","start":7602.91,"end":7603.55},{"text":"paths.","start":7603.55,"end":7603.91}]},{"text":"Let us now look at a set of typical facts.","start":7606.47,"end":7609.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":7606.47,"end":7606.71},{"text":"us","start":7606.71,"end":7606.87},{"text":"now","start":7606.87,"end":7607.11},{"text":"look","start":7607.11,"end":7607.51},{"text":"at","start":7607.51,"end":7607.75},{"text":"a","start":7607.75,"end":7607.83},{"text":"set","start":7607.83,"end":7608.27},{"text":"of","start":7608.27,"end":7608.39},{"text":"typical","start":7608.39,"end":7609.11},{"text":"facts.","start":7609.11,"end":7609.67}]},{"text":"This table summarizes six groups of unilateral restrictive measures.","start":7610.11,"end":7614.99,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7610.11,"end":7610.27},{"text":"table","start":7610.27,"end":7610.83},{"text":"summarizes","start":7611.07,"end":7611.99},{"text":"six","start":7611.99,"end":7612.43},{"text":"groups","start":7612.43,"end":7612.79},{"text":"of","start":7612.79,"end":7612.91},{"text":"unilateral","start":7612.91,"end":7613.63},{"text":"restrictive","start":7613.63,"end":7614.31},{"text":"measures.","start":7614.31,"end":7614.99}]},{"text":"First, comprehensive sanction on Iran has been ongoing and escalating since 1995, covering oil, medicine, and finance.","start":7615.63,"end":7627.31,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":7615.63,"end":7616.11},{"text":"comprehensive","start":7616.35,"end":7617.23},{"text":"sanction","start":7617.23,"end":7618.03},{"text":"on","start":7618.35,"end":7618.75},{"text":"Iran","start":7618.75,"end":7619.31},{"text":"has","start":7619.31,"end":7619.63},{"text":"been","start":7619.63,"end":7619.87},{"text":"ongoing","start":7619.87,"end":7620.75},{"text":"and","start":7620.99,"end":7621.39},{"text":"escalating","start":7621.39,"end":7622.19},{"text":"since","start":7622.19,"end":7622.59},{"text":"1995,","start":7622.59,"end":7624.27},{"text":"covering","start":7624.59,"end":7624.99},{"text":"oil,","start":7625.07,"end":7625.47},{"text":"medicine,","start":7625.55,"end":7626.35},{"text":"and","start":7626.43,"end":7626.67},{"text":"finance.","start":7626.67,"end":7627.31}]},{"text":"The evidence comes from UN special rapporteur reports and Iran Central Bank statistics.","start":7627.63,"end":7634.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7627.63,"end":7627.87},{"text":"evidence","start":7627.87,"end":7628.43},{"text":"comes","start":7628.43,"end":7628.75},{"text":"from","start":7628.75,"end":7628.99},{"text":"UN","start":7628.99,"end":7629.31},{"text":"special","start":7629.31,"end":7629.67},{"text":"rapporteur","start":7629.67,"end":7630.43},{"text":"reports","start":7630.83,"end":7631.31},{"text":"and","start":7631.31,"end":7631.55},{"text":"Iran","start":7631.55,"end":7632.11},{"text":"Central","start":7632.11,"end":7632.67},{"text":"Bank","start":7632.67,"end":7632.99},{"text":"statistics.","start":7632.99,"end":7634.03}]},{"text":"Second, sanctions on Venezuela began in 2017, involving oil assets and public services based on UN independent expert reports.","start":7634.75,"end":7646.91,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7634.75,"end":7635.23},{"text":"sanctions","start":7635.23,"end":7636.35},{"text":"on","start":7636.67,"end":7636.99},{"text":"Venezuela","start":7637.07,"end":7638.03},{"text":"began","start":7638.27,"end":7638.75},{"text":"in","start":7638.75,"end":7639.07},{"text":"2017,","start":7639.07,"end":7640.11},{"text":"involving","start":7640.43,"end":7641.07},{"text":"oil","start":7641.15,"end":7641.35},{"text":"assets","start":7641.51,"end":7642.11},{"text":"and","start":7642.11,"end":7642.43},{"text":"public","start":7642.43,"end":7642.83},{"text":"services","start":7642.83,"end":7643.71},{"text":"based","start":7643.95,"end":7644.27},{"text":"on","start":7644.27,"end":7644.51},{"text":"UN","start":7644.51,"end":7644.83},{"text":"independent","start":7644.83,"end":7645.71},{"text":"expert","start":7645.71,"end":7646.23},{"text":"reports.","start":7646.23,"end":7646.91}]},{"text":"Third, since 2022, secondary sanctions on Russia have been intensified, restricting US dollar clearing and CSDs with information from a fact list, the EU and multinational corporate notices.","start":7648.27,"end":7665.35,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7648.27,"end":7648.55},{"text":"since","start":7648.87,"end":7649.51},{"text":"2022,","start":7649.51,"end":7650.63},{"text":"secondary","start":7650.87,"end":7651.91},{"text":"sanctions","start":7652.15,"end":7652.95},{"text":"on","start":7652.95,"end":7653.11},{"text":"Russia","start":7653.11,"end":7653.59},{"text":"have","start":7653.59,"end":7653.83},{"text":"been","start":7653.83,"end":7654.23},{"text":"intensified,","start":7654.23,"end":7655.27},{"text":"restricting","start":7655.63,"end":7656.55},{"text":"US","start":7656.87,"end":7657.19},{"text":"dollar","start":7657.43,"end":7657.83},{"text":"clearing","start":7657.83,"end":7658.31},{"text":"and","start":7658.31,"end":7658.51},{"text":"CSDs","start":7658.51,"end":7659.35},{"text":"with","start":7659.51,"end":7659.75},{"text":"information","start":7659.75,"end":7660.31},{"text":"from","start":7660.31,"end":7660.71},{"text":"a","start":7660.71,"end":7660.87},{"text":"fact","start":7660.87,"end":7661.39},{"text":"list,","start":7661.39,"end":7661.83},{"text":"the","start":7661.99,"end":7662.27},{"text":"EU","start":7662.31,"end":7662.95},{"text":"and","start":7663.03,"end":7663.31},{"text":"multinational","start":7663.31,"end":7664.07},{"text":"corporate","start":7664.07,"end":7664.63},{"text":"notices.","start":7664.63,"end":7665.35}]},{"text":"Fourth, from 2022 to 2025, semiconductor export controls have been escalated in multiple layers, restricting advanced chips, equipment, and EDA software based on U.S.","start":7666.51,"end":7682.39,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":7666.51,"end":7666.79},{"text":"from","start":7667.03,"end":7667.43},{"text":"2022","start":7667.43,"end":7668.63},{"text":"to","start":7668.71,"end":7668.79},{"text":"2025,","start":7668.79,"end":7669.99},{"text":"semiconductor","start":7670.39,"end":7671.39},{"text":"export","start":7671.39,"end":7671.91},{"text":"controls","start":7671.91,"end":7672.51},{"text":"have","start":7672.51,"end":7672.79},{"text":"been","start":7672.79,"end":7673.11},{"text":"escalated","start":7673.47,"end":7674.23},{"text":"in","start":7674.23,"end":7674.39},{"text":"multiple","start":7674.39,"end":7675.11},{"text":"layers,","start":7675.11,"end":7675.59},{"text":"restricting","start":7675.99,"end":7676.59},{"text":"advanced","start":7676.59,"end":7677.11},{"text":"chips,","start":7677.11,"end":7677.43},{"text":"equipment,","start":7677.83,"end":7678.71},{"text":"and","start":7678.95,"end":7679.51},{"text":"EDA","start":7679.75,"end":7679.91},{"text":"software","start":7679.99,"end":7680.95},{"text":"based","start":7681.43,"end":7681.75},{"text":"on","start":7681.75,"end":7681.91},{"text":"U.S.","start":7681.91,"end":7682.39}]},{"text":"Department of Commerce BIS regulations.","start":7682.39,"end":7685.27,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Department","start":7682.39,"end":7682.99},{"text":"of","start":7682.99,"end":7683.11},{"text":"Commerce","start":7683.11,"end":7683.67},{"text":"BIS","start":7683.67,"end":7684.39},{"text":"regulations.","start":7684.39,"end":7685.27}]},{"text":"Fifth, the CHIPS Act of 2022 introduced local content and guardrail clauses with the tax from the US Congress.","start":7685.71,"end":7696.11,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Fifth,","start":7685.71,"end":7685.99},{"text":"the","start":7686.35,"end":7686.59},{"text":"CHIPS","start":7686.59,"end":7687.07},{"text":"Act","start":7687.07,"end":7687.47},{"text":"of","start":7687.63,"end":7687.79},{"text":"2022","start":7687.79,"end":7688.55},{"text":"introduced","start":7688.55,"end":7689.15},{"text":"local","start":7689.15,"end":7689.63},{"text":"content","start":7689.63,"end":7690.43},{"text":"and","start":7690.75,"end":7691.15},{"text":"guardrail","start":7691.15,"end":7691.71},{"text":"clauses","start":7691.71,"end":7692.43},{"text":"with","start":7693.15,"end":7693.51},{"text":"the","start":7693.63,"end":7693.79},{"text":"tax","start":7693.79,"end":7694.27},{"text":"from","start":7694.27,"end":7694.67},{"text":"the","start":7694.67,"end":7694.83},{"text":"US","start":7695.07,"end":7695.47},{"text":"Congress.","start":7695.47,"end":7696.11}]},{"text":"Sixth, the trade and financial embargo on Cuba has been in place since 1962, and relevant resolutions can be found in annual UN General Assembly resolutions.","start":7696.59,"end":7709.95,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Sixth,","start":7696.59,"end":7697.07},{"text":"the","start":7697.23,"end":7697.39},{"text":"trade","start":7697.39,"end":7697.87},{"text":"and","start":7697.95,"end":7698.23},{"text":"financial","start":7698.23,"end":7699.07},{"text":"embargo","start":7699.07,"end":7699.87},{"text":"on","start":7700.19,"end":7700.43},{"text":"Cuba","start":7700.43,"end":7700.99},{"text":"has","start":7701.23,"end":7701.63},{"text":"been","start":7701.63,"end":7701.87},{"text":"in","start":7701.87,"end":7702.03},{"text":"place","start":7702.03,"end":7702.71},{"text":"since","start":7702.71,"end":7703.07},{"text":"1962,","start":7703.07,"end":7704.59},{"text":"and","start":7704.99,"end":7705.23},{"text":"relevant","start":7705.23,"end":7705.79},{"text":"resolutions","start":7705.79,"end":7706.51},{"text":"can","start":7706.51,"end":7706.71},{"text":"be","start":7706.71,"end":7706.83},{"text":"found","start":7706.83,"end":7707.15},{"text":"in","start":7707.15,"end":7707.23},{"text":"annual","start":7707.23,"end":7707.63},{"text":"UN","start":7707.63,"end":7707.95},{"text":"General","start":7707.95,"end":7708.47},{"text":"Assembly","start":7708.47,"end":7709.07},{"text":"resolutions.","start":7709.07,"end":7709.95}]},{"text":"figure uh this figure shows the expansion trend of the effects especially designated National list from 2018 to 2026 this figure reflects the scope of unilateral coercive measures the data are annual snapshot estimates of the public list the trend is continuous expansion by 2024 the list reached approximately 12,000 entries by 2026.","start":7713.11,"end":7745.03,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7745.43,"end":7745.67},{"text":"is","start":7745.67,"end":7745.83},{"text":"projected","start":7745.83,"end":7746.51},{"text":"to","start":7746.51,"end":7746.63},{"text":"reach","start":7746.63,"end":7747.11},{"text":"17,000","start":7749.11,"end":7750.03},{"text":"entries.","start":7750.03,"end":7750.63}]},{"text":"This is an annual snapshot estimate of the public list.","start":7750.63,"end":7754.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7750.63,"end":7750.95},{"text":"is","start":7750.95,"end":7751.11},{"text":"an","start":7751.11,"end":7751.27},{"text":"annual","start":7751.27,"end":7751.63},{"text":"snapshot","start":7751.63,"end":7752.31},{"text":"estimate","start":7752.31,"end":7752.95},{"text":"of","start":7753.23,"end":7753.35},{"text":"the","start":7753.35,"end":7753.43},{"text":"public","start":7753.43,"end":7753.91},{"text":"list.","start":7753.91,"end":7754.39}]},{"text":"Some figures are estimates, not official financial effects statistics.","start":7754.63,"end":7759.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Some","start":7754.63,"end":7755.11},{"text":"figures","start":7755.11,"end":7755.67},{"text":"are","start":7755.67,"end":7755.99},{"text":"estimates,","start":7755.99,"end":7756.63},{"text":"not","start":7756.79,"end":7757.19},{"text":"official","start":7757.19,"end":7757.67},{"text":"financial","start":7757.67,"end":7758.27},{"text":"effects","start":7758.27,"end":7758.71},{"text":"statistics.","start":7758.71,"end":7759.51}]},{"text":"Difference in methodology and explained in annex 1.","start":7759.83,"end":7764.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Difference","start":7759.83,"end":7760.47},{"text":"in","start":7760.63,"end":7760.75},{"text":"methodology","start":7760.75,"end":7761.75},{"text":"and","start":7761.83,"end":7762.07},{"text":"explained","start":7762.07,"end":7762.87},{"text":"in","start":7763.11,"end":7763.31},{"text":"annex","start":7763.31,"end":7763.75},{"text":"1.","start":7763.83,"end":7764.31}]},{"text":"Key finding one is excessive expansion of extraterritorial jurisdiction.","start":7767.87,"end":7774.19,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Key","start":7767.87,"end":7768.03},{"text":"finding","start":7768.03,"end":7768.67},{"text":"one","start":7768.67,"end":7769.15},{"text":"is","start":7769.15,"end":7769.43},{"text":"excessive","start":7769.43,"end":7770.11},{"text":"expansion","start":7770.11,"end":7770.91},{"text":"of","start":7771.19,"end":7771.31},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":7771.39,"end":7773.07},{"text":"jurisdiction.","start":7773.23,"end":7774.19}]},{"text":"The state under review asserted jurisdiction over third country subjects based on domestic laws such as Helms-Burton, the Dole-Mato Kennedy, and a series of executive orders and imposed secondary sanctions under the pretext of minimum contact.","start":7774.51,"end":7795.39,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7774.51,"end":7774.75},{"text":"state","start":7774.75,"end":7775.23},{"text":"under","start":7775.31,"end":7775.71},{"text":"review","start":7775.71,"end":7776.19},{"text":"asserted","start":7776.19,"end":7776.79},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":7776.79,"end":7777.71},{"text":"over","start":7777.71,"end":7778.03},{"text":"third","start":7778.03,"end":7778.35},{"text":"country","start":7778.35,"end":7778.75},{"text":"subjects","start":7778.75,"end":7779.47},{"text":"based","start":7779.87,"end":7780.15},{"text":"on","start":7780.15,"end":7780.43},{"text":"domestic","start":7780.43,"end":7781.07},{"text":"laws","start":7781.07,"end":7781.43},{"text":"such","start":7781.43,"end":7781.79},{"text":"as","start":7781.79,"end":7782.19},{"text":"Helms-Burton,","start":7782.59,"end":7783.95},{"text":"the","start":7784.35,"end":7784.67},{"text":"Dole-Mato","start":7784.91,"end":7785.63},{"text":"Kennedy,","start":7785.79,"end":7786.51},{"text":"and","start":7786.59,"end":7787.07},{"text":"a","start":7787.39,"end":7787.47},{"text":"series","start":7787.47,"end":7788.19},{"text":"of","start":7788.23,"end":7788.35},{"text":"executive","start":7788.35,"end":7789.31},{"text":"orders","start":7789.31,"end":7789.87},{"text":"and","start":7790.19,"end":7790.55},{"text":"imposed","start":7790.67,"end":7791.47},{"text":"secondary","start":7791.63,"end":7792.15},{"text":"sanctions","start":7792.15,"end":7792.75},{"text":"under","start":7792.75,"end":7793.07},{"text":"the","start":7793.07,"end":7793.15},{"text":"pretext","start":7793.15,"end":7793.79},{"text":"of","start":7793.79,"end":7793.87},{"text":"minimum","start":7793.87,"end":7794.59},{"text":"contact.","start":7794.75,"end":7795.39}]},{"text":"This practice lacks a basis of universal jurisdiction under international law.","start":7796.31,"end":7802.63,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7796.31,"end":7796.47},{"text":"practice","start":7796.47,"end":7797.19},{"text":"lacks","start":7797.35,"end":7797.75},{"text":"a","start":7797.75,"end":7797.83},{"text":"basis","start":7797.83,"end":7798.27},{"text":"of","start":7798.27,"end":7798.35},{"text":"universal","start":7798.35,"end":7799.99},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":7799.99,"end":7800.87},{"text":"under","start":7801.15,"end":7801.51},{"text":"international","start":7801.51,"end":7802.55},{"text":"law.","start":7802.55,"end":7802.63}]},{"text":"In essence, it substitutes economic coercion for diplomatic and legal channels, constituting external interference in other nations' economic sovereignty.","start":7803.11,"end":7814.71,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7803.11,"end":7803.43},{"text":"essence,","start":7803.51,"end":7804.15},{"text":"it","start":7804.47,"end":7804.63},{"text":"substitutes","start":7804.71,"end":7805.75},{"text":"economic","start":7805.79,"end":7806.67},{"text":"coercion","start":7806.67,"end":7807.35},{"text":"for","start":7807.35,"end":7807.59},{"text":"diplomatic","start":7807.59,"end":7808.47},{"text":"and","start":7808.47,"end":7808.79},{"text":"legal","start":7808.79,"end":7809.03},{"text":"channels,","start":7809.03,"end":7809.59},{"text":"constituting","start":7809.91,"end":7810.87},{"text":"external","start":7810.87,"end":7811.35},{"text":"interference","start":7811.35,"end":7812.23},{"text":"in","start":7812.39,"end":7812.51},{"text":"other","start":7812.55,"end":7812.83},{"text":"nations'","start":7812.83,"end":7813.27},{"text":"economic","start":7813.31,"end":7813.91},{"text":"sovereignty.","start":7813.91,"end":7814.71}]},{"text":"Key finding two is the weaponization of financial infrastructure, leveraging the dominating position of the US dollars in international settlements, the state and review experts pressure by cutting off sweat access, freezing foreign exchange reserves, and saving sovereign assets.","start":7816.07,"end":7837.55,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7837.95,"end":7838.35},{"text":"measures","start":7838.35,"end":7839.15},{"text":"are","start":7839.15,"end":7839.39},{"text":"systematical","start":7839.47,"end":7840.59},{"text":"and","start":7840.83,"end":7841.27},{"text":"difficult","start":7841.27,"end":7841.75},{"text":"to","start":7841.75,"end":7841.83},{"text":"circumvent.","start":7841.83,"end":7842.75}]},{"text":"They often exceed the necessary limits of legitimate security concerns and cause cascading shocks to the overall economics of affected countries.","start":7843.07,"end":7856.35,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":7843.07,"end":7843.47},{"text":"often","start":7843.47,"end":7843.95},{"text":"exceed","start":7844.99,"end":7845.63},{"text":"the","start":7845.79,"end":7846.03},{"text":"necessary","start":7846.11,"end":7846.75},{"text":"limits","start":7846.75,"end":7847.39},{"text":"of","start":7847.67,"end":7847.79},{"text":"legitimate","start":7847.79,"end":7848.51},{"text":"security","start":7848.51,"end":7849.31},{"text":"concerns","start":7849.31,"end":7850.11},{"text":"and","start":7850.35,"end":7850.75},{"text":"cause","start":7850.91,"end":7851.39},{"text":"cascading","start":7851.47,"end":7852.19},{"text":"shocks","start":7852.19,"end":7852.59},{"text":"to","start":7852.83,"end":7852.99},{"text":"the","start":7852.99,"end":7853.07},{"text":"overall","start":7853.07,"end":7853.79},{"text":"economics","start":7854.07,"end":7854.91},{"text":"of","start":7855.07,"end":7855.15},{"text":"affected","start":7855.15,"end":7855.79},{"text":"countries.","start":7855.79,"end":7856.35}]},{"text":"At the same time, this report does not deny the state and the review's legitimate right to safeguard national security, nor does it deny certain responsibility it bears in the international affairs.","start":7857.95,"end":7870.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":7857.95,"end":7858.07},{"text":"the","start":7858.07,"end":7858.19},{"text":"same","start":7858.19,"end":7858.51},{"text":"time,","start":7858.51,"end":7858.83},{"text":"this","start":7858.99,"end":7859.23},{"text":"report","start":7859.23,"end":7859.75},{"text":"does","start":7859.75,"end":7860.03},{"text":"not","start":7860.03,"end":7860.23},{"text":"deny","start":7860.23,"end":7860.75},{"text":"the","start":7860.75,"end":7860.83},{"text":"state","start":7860.83,"end":7861.31},{"text":"and","start":7861.31,"end":7861.59},{"text":"the","start":7861.59,"end":7861.67},{"text":"review's","start":7861.67,"end":7862.11},{"text":"legitimate","start":7862.11,"end":7862.91},{"text":"right","start":7862.91,"end":7863.27},{"text":"to","start":7863.27,"end":7863.35},{"text":"safeguard","start":7863.47,"end":7864.27},{"text":"national","start":7864.27,"end":7864.75},{"text":"security,","start":7864.75,"end":7865.47},{"text":"nor","start":7865.79,"end":7866.11},{"text":"does","start":7866.11,"end":7866.43},{"text":"it","start":7866.43,"end":7866.59},{"text":"deny","start":7866.59,"end":7866.91},{"text":"certain","start":7866.91,"end":7867.31},{"text":"responsibility","start":7867.31,"end":7868.07},{"text":"it","start":7868.07,"end":7868.27},{"text":"bears","start":7868.27,"end":7868.91},{"text":"in","start":7868.91,"end":7869.03},{"text":"the","start":7869.03,"end":7869.11},{"text":"international","start":7869.11,"end":7869.83},{"text":"affairs.","start":7869.83,"end":7870.43}]},{"text":"The core criterion of this review is whether the relevant measures exceed necessary limits, whether they possess extraterritorial coerciveness, or whether they cause disproportionate collateral damage to other nations' rights to development.","start":7871.59,"end":7890.23,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":7920.07,"end":7920.23},{"text":"is","start":7920.23,"end":7920.47},{"text":"high,","start":7920.47,"end":7920.87},{"text":"unilateral","start":7921.19,"end":7922.15},{"text":"and","start":7922.15,"end":7922.35},{"text":"secondary.","start":7922.35,"end":7923.19}]},{"text":"Sanctions have caused systematic shocks to trade, infrastructure, and financial stability.","start":7924.31,"end":7931.19,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"UN","start":7979.79,"end":7980.27},{"text":"special","start":7980.27,"end":7980.79},{"text":"rapporteurs","start":7980.79,"end":7981.55},{"text":"have","start":7981.79,"end":7982.03},{"text":"warned","start":7982.03,"end":7982.55},{"text":"that","start":7982.55,"end":7982.91},{"text":"sanctions","start":7983.15,"end":7983.95},{"text":"widely","start":7983.95,"end":7984.51},{"text":"affecting","start":7984.51,"end":7985.15},{"text":"civilians","start":7985.15,"end":7985.95},{"text":"without","start":7986.11,"end":7986.59},{"text":"clearly","start":7986.59,"end":7987.23},{"text":"humanization","start":7987.39,"end":7988.43},{"text":"exemptions","start":7988.51,"end":7989.47},{"text":"may","start":7989.71,"end":7990.03},{"text":"violate","start":7990.03,"end":7990.75},{"text":"the","start":7990.75,"end":7990.91},{"text":"right","start":7990.91,"end":7991.27},{"text":"to","start":7991.27,"end":7991.35},{"text":"health,","start":7991.35,"end":7991.71},{"text":"the","start":7992.11,"end":7992.23},{"text":"right","start":7992.23,"end":7992.59},{"text":"to","start":7992.83,"end":7992.95},{"text":"development,","start":7992.95,"end":7993.67},{"text":"and","start":7993.71,"end":7993.87},{"text":"the","start":7993.87,"end":7993.95},{"text":"right","start":7993.95,"end":7994.35},{"text":"to","start":7994.51,"end":7994.63},{"text":"an","start":7994.63,"end":7994.83},{"text":"adequate","start":7994.83,"end":7995.63},{"text":"standard","start":7995.79,"end":7996.51},{"text":"of","start":7996.55,"end":7996.75},{"text":"living.","start":7996.75,"end":7997.15}]},{"text":"On the compliance dimension, the score is 4.6 out of 5.","start":7998.23,"end":8003.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":7998.23,"end":7998.43},{"text":"the","start":7998.43,"end":7998.51},{"text":"compliance","start":7998.51,"end":7999.47},{"text":"dimension,","start":7999.55,"end":8000.27},{"text":"the","start":8000.51,"end":8000.75},{"text":"score","start":8000.75,"end":8001.23},{"text":"is","start":8001.23,"end":8001.47},{"text":"4.6","start":8001.47,"end":8002.51},{"text":"out","start":8002.51,"end":8002.59},{"text":"of","start":8002.59,"end":8002.71},{"text":"5.","start":8002.83,"end":8003.31}]},{"text":"Severe deviation when measures lack UN Security Council authorization, exceed necessary limits, and cause severe cross-border civilian harm.","start":8003.71,"end":8015.47,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Severe","start":8003.71,"end":8004.51},{"text":"deviation","start":8004.99,"end":8006.03},{"text":"when","start":8006.11,"end":8006.55},{"text":"measures","start":8006.55,"end":8006.99},{"text":"lack","start":8006.99,"end":8007.39},{"text":"UN","start":8007.39,"end":8007.79},{"text":"Security","start":8007.79,"end":8008.31},{"text":"Council","start":8008.31,"end":8008.75},{"text":"authorization,","start":8008.75,"end":8009.79},{"text":"exceed","start":8010.03,"end":8010.55},{"text":"necessary","start":8010.59,"end":8011.47},{"text":"limits,","start":8011.47,"end":8012.03},{"text":"and","start":8012.11,"end":8012.35},{"text":"cause","start":8012.35,"end":8012.59},{"text":"severe","start":8012.59,"end":8013.47},{"text":"cross-border","start":8013.79,"end":8014.59},{"text":"civilian","start":8014.59,"end":8015.07},{"text":"harm.","start":8015.07,"end":8015.47}]},{"text":"The assessment finds that compliance cannot be established.","start":8015.95,"end":8020.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8015.95,"end":8016.07},{"text":"assessment","start":8016.07,"end":8016.79},{"text":"finds","start":8016.79,"end":8017.19},{"text":"that","start":8017.19,"end":8017.55},{"text":"compliance","start":8017.79,"end":8018.51},{"text":"cannot","start":8018.51,"end":8018.99},{"text":"be","start":8018.99,"end":8019.15},{"text":"established.","start":8019.15,"end":8020.35}]},{"text":"The report identifies deviation on four factors.","start":8020.67,"end":8025.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8020.67,"end":8020.83},{"text":"report","start":8020.83,"end":8021.55},{"text":"identifies","start":8021.63,"end":8022.59},{"text":"deviation","start":8022.91,"end":8023.79},{"text":"on","start":8023.79,"end":8023.95},{"text":"four","start":8023.95,"end":8024.43},{"text":"factors.","start":8024.43,"end":8025.15}]},{"text":"harming other nations' interests, ignoring their sovereign rights to choose development paths, lacking UNSC authorization, and failing the necessity and proportionality test.","start":8025.63,"end":8040.35,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"harming","start":8025.63,"end":8025.95},{"text":"other","start":8025.95,"end":8026.19},{"text":"nations'","start":8026.19,"end":8026.59},{"text":"interests,","start":8026.59,"end":8027.31},{"text":"ignoring","start":8028.67,"end":8029.31},{"text":"their","start":8029.31,"end":8029.71},{"text":"sovereign","start":8029.71,"end":8030.23},{"text":"rights","start":8030.23,"end":8030.67},{"text":"to","start":8030.75,"end":8031.15},{"text":"choose","start":8031.23,"end":8031.71},{"text":"development","start":8031.71,"end":8032.31},{"text":"paths,","start":8032.31,"end":8032.75},{"text":"lacking","start":8032.99,"end":8033.63},{"text":"UNSC","start":8033.63,"end":8035.39},{"text":"authorization,","start":8035.39,"end":8036.35},{"text":"and","start":8036.51,"end":8036.67},{"text":"failing","start":8036.67,"end":8037.07},{"text":"the","start":8037.07,"end":8037.19},{"text":"necessity","start":8037.19,"end":8038.11},{"text":"and","start":8038.35,"end":8038.59},{"text":"proportionality","start":8038.67,"end":8039.79},{"text":"test.","start":8039.79,"end":8040.35}]},{"text":"The Committee held a public hearing.","start":8044.19,"end":8046.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8044.19,"end":8044.23},{"text":"Committee","start":8044.23,"end":8045.07},{"text":"held","start":8045.07,"end":8045.47},{"text":"a","start":8045.47,"end":8045.55},{"text":"public","start":8045.55,"end":8046.03},{"text":"hearing.","start":8046.03,"end":8046.51}]},{"text":"The State under review was not able to participate in the public hearing.","start":8046.83,"end":8051.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8046.83,"end":8047.07},{"text":"State","start":8047.07,"end":8047.47},{"text":"under","start":8047.55,"end":8047.83},{"text":"review","start":8047.83,"end":8048.11},{"text":"was","start":8048.11,"end":8048.35},{"text":"not","start":8048.35,"end":8048.59},{"text":"able","start":8048.67,"end":8048.99},{"text":"to","start":8048.99,"end":8049.15},{"text":"participate","start":8049.15,"end":8049.79},{"text":"in","start":8049.79,"end":8049.95},{"text":"the","start":8049.95,"end":8050.11},{"text":"public","start":8050.11,"end":8050.55},{"text":"hearing.","start":8050.55,"end":8051.07}]},{"text":"It subsequently submitted a written statement.","start":8051.39,"end":8054.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8051.39,"end":8051.59},{"text":"subsequently","start":8051.59,"end":8052.51},{"text":"submitted","start":8052.51,"end":8053.15},{"text":"a","start":8053.15,"end":8053.19},{"text":"written","start":8053.19,"end":8053.67},{"text":"statement.","start":8053.67,"end":8054.43}]},{"text":"The proposing party and victim groups emphasized civilian suffering.","start":8054.83,"end":8059.55,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8054.83,"end":8055.07},{"text":"proposing","start":8055.07,"end":8055.71},{"text":"party","start":8055.71,"end":8056.35},{"text":"and","start":8056.35,"end":8056.51},{"text":"victim","start":8056.51,"end":8056.91},{"text":"groups","start":8056.91,"end":8057.31},{"text":"emphasized","start":8057.31,"end":8058.15},{"text":"civilian","start":8058.27,"end":8058.83},{"text":"suffering.","start":8058.83,"end":8059.55}]},{"text":"medicine shortages, rising food price, and frozen overseas assets.","start":8061.27,"end":8066.23,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8393.95,"end":8393.99},{"text":"want","start":8393.99,"end":8394.19},{"text":"to","start":8394.19,"end":8394.27},{"text":"draw","start":8394.27,"end":8394.71},{"text":"a","start":8394.79,"end":8394.87},{"text":"public","start":8394.87,"end":8395.23},{"text":"red","start":8395.23,"end":8395.43},{"text":"line.","start":8395.43,"end":8395.75}]},{"text":"Major power development policies must not harm other countries.","start":8395.75,"end":8401.27,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Major","start":8395.75,"end":8396.07},{"text":"power","start":8396.07,"end":8396.83},{"text":"development","start":8396.83,"end":8399.19},{"text":"policies","start":8399.19,"end":8399.75},{"text":"must","start":8399.75,"end":8400.03},{"text":"not","start":8400.03,"end":8400.15},{"text":"harm","start":8400.15,"end":8400.47},{"text":"other","start":8400.47,"end":8400.63},{"text":"countries.","start":8400.63,"end":8401.27}]},{"text":"Let us turn this report into practical support for fairness and for accountability to fight against hegemonism.","start":8401.83,"end":8416.55,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."},{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":8401.83,"end":8401.99},{"text":"us","start":8401.99,"end":8402.15},{"text":"turn","start":8402.15,"end":8402.51},{"text":"this","start":8402.51,"end":8402.71},{"text":"report","start":8402.71,"end":8403.11},{"text":"into","start":8403.11,"end":8403.51},{"text":"practical","start":8403.51,"end":8403.99},{"text":"support","start":8403.99,"end":8404.47},{"text":"for","start":8407.51,"end":8407.83},{"text":"fairness","start":8407.83,"end":8408.47},{"text":"and","start":8409.51,"end":8409.75},{"text":"for","start":8409.75,"end":8410.07},{"text":"accountability","start":8410.07,"end":8411.11},{"text":"to","start":8415.11,"end":8415.27},{"text":"fight","start":8415.27,"end":8415.55},{"text":"against","start":8415.55,"end":8415.87},{"text":"hegemonism.","start":8415.87,"end":8416.55}]},{"text":"Thank you for signing with your applause.","start":8427.19,"end":8428.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8427.19,"end":8427.39},{"text":"you","start":8427.39,"end":8427.51},{"text":"for","start":8427.51,"end":8427.63},{"text":"signing","start":8427.63,"end":8428.07},{"text":"with","start":8428.15,"end":8428.27},{"text":"your","start":8428.27,"end":8428.39},{"text":"applause.","start":8428.39,"end":8428.95}]},{"text":"Today, we completed the landmark civil society action.","start":8432.23,"end":8436.55,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":8432.23,"end":8432.63},{"text":"we","start":8433.67,"end":8433.83},{"text":"completed","start":8433.83,"end":8434.43},{"text":"the","start":8434.43,"end":8434.55},{"text":"landmark","start":8434.55,"end":8435.11},{"text":"civil","start":8435.11,"end":8435.43},{"text":"society","start":8435.43,"end":8436.07},{"text":"action.","start":8436.07,"end":8436.55}]},{"text":"They are more than our will.","start":8441.11,"end":8445.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":8441.11,"end":8441.27},{"text":"are","start":8441.27,"end":8441.35},{"text":"more","start":8441.35,"end":8441.59},{"text":"than","start":8441.59,"end":8441.91},{"text":"our","start":8444.39,"end":8444.71},{"text":"will.","start":8444.71,"end":8445.03}]},{"text":"They are a collective endorsement of the principle that patriotism must not harm other nations.","start":8446.47,"end":8452.55,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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we'd like to welcome founder of Serbia Media Education Center, IPO co-initiator, and 2025 IPO chair, who will be addressing us by 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meet today under the important topic, International Patriotic Pact and nations' rights to development.","start":8537.67,"end":8547.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"reshaping","start":8547.99,"end":8548.87},{"text":"an","start":8549.23,"end":8549.43},{"text":"international","start":8549.43,"end":8550.39},{"text":"new","start":8550.39,"end":8550.71},{"text":"peace","start":8550.71,"end":8551.27},{"text":"order.","start":8551.35,"end":8551.91}]},{"text":"From the standpoint of our mission, allow me to share a reflection on peace, national development rights, and the architecture of a new global peace.","start":8552.87,"end":8566.31,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":9110.11,"end":9110.19},{"text":"we","start":9110.19,"end":9110.27},{"text":"do","start":9110.27,"end":9110.51},{"text":"this","start":9110.51,"end":9110.91},{"text":"together,","start":9111.55,"end":9112.07},{"text":"we","start":9113.43,"end":9113.51},{"text":"will","start":9113.55,"end":9113.67},{"text":"not","start":9113.67,"end":9114.11},{"text":"only","start":9114.11,"end":9114.43},{"text":"protect","start":9114.43,"end":9114.87},{"text":"peace,","start":9114.87,"end":9115.47},{"text":"we","start":9116.47,"end":9116.59},{"text":"will","start":9116.59,"end":9116.91},{"text":"rebuild","start":9116.91,"end":9117.39},{"text":"it.","start":9117.39,"end":9117.63}]},{"text":"We will make it real.","start":9118.63,"end":9120.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9118.63,"end":9118.75},{"text":"will","start":9118.75,"end":9118.99},{"text":"make","start":9118.99,"end":9119.47},{"text":"it","start":9119.95,"end":9120.11},{"text":"real.","start":9120.35,"end":9120.83}]},{"text":"And we will ensure that the right to development becomes the strongest tool for peace for every person, in every nation, in every generation to come.","start":9121.87,"end":9136.63,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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I can't join you in person today.","start":9138.51,"end":9143.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Unfortunately,","start":9138.51,"end":9139.55},{"text":"I","start":9140.39,"end":9140.55},{"text":"can't","start":9140.55,"end":9140.99},{"text":"join","start":9140.99,"end":9141.35},{"text":"you","start":9141.35,"end":9141.75},{"text":"in","start":9141.83,"end":9142.07},{"text":"person","start":9142.07,"end":9142.47},{"text":"today.","start":9142.47,"end":9143.03}]},{"text":"Through my physical presence is absent, my heart and mind stand firmly with all delegates and partners of this 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wish the forum every success.","start":9157.43,"end":9161.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9157.43,"end":9157.67},{"text":"wish","start":9157.67,"end":9157.99},{"text":"the","start":9157.99,"end":9158.15},{"text":"forum","start":9158.15,"end":9158.79},{"text":"every","start":9159.59,"end":9160.07},{"text":"success.","start":9160.23,"end":9161.03}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":9161.79,"end":9163.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9161.79,"end":9162.23},{"text":"you.","start":9163.91,"end":9163.99}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Rajek Vick","affiliation":"IPPO","affiliation_full":"IPPO","group":null,"function":"Founder; Vice-Chair"}},{"statement_number":10,"start":9170.07,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=2:32:51","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Najat El Ait 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let's watch his video.","start":9228.43,"end":9231.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":9228.43,"end":9228.75},{"text":"let's","start":9228.75,"end":9229.27},{"text":"watch","start":9229.71,"end":9229.99},{"text":"his","start":9229.99,"end":9230.27},{"text":"video.","start":9230.91,"end":9231.23}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":11,"start":9232.39,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=2:33:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Hello, everyone.","start":9232.39,"end":9233.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hello,","start":9232.39,"end":9232.83},{"text":"everyone.","start":9232.91,"end":9233.87}]},{"text":"I bring you warm greetings from the Foundation for Human Rights Initiative in 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gratitude to the conveners and the UN office for hosting us today.","start":9256.31,"end":9263.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9256.31,"end":9256.47},{"text":"want","start":9256.47,"end":9257.07},{"text":"to","start":9257.07,"end":9257.19},{"text":"extend","start":9257.27,"end":9257.75},{"text":"special","start":9257.75,"end":9258.23},{"text":"gratitude","start":9258.23,"end":9259.03},{"text":"to","start":9259.11,"end":9259.23},{"text":"the","start":9259.99,"end":9260.15},{"text":"conveners","start":9260.15,"end":9261.27},{"text":"and","start":9261.43,"end":9261.63},{"text":"the","start":9261.63,"end":9261.79},{"text":"UN","start":9261.79,"end":9262.15},{"text":"office","start":9262.15,"end":9262.63},{"text":"for","start":9262.63,"end":9262.75},{"text":"hosting","start":9262.75,"end":9263.27},{"text":"us","start":9263.27,"end":9263.51},{"text":"today.","start":9263.51,"end":9263.99}]},{"text":"I am Dr. Livingstone, executive director of the Foundation for Human Rights Initiative, based in Kampala.","start":9266.39,"end":9274.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9266.39,"end":9266.63},{"text":"am","start":9266.63,"end":9266.79},{"text":"Dr.","start":9266.79,"end":9267.27},{"text":"Livingstone,","start":9267.27,"end":9268.07},{"text":"executive","start":9268.23,"end":9269.35},{"text":"director","start":9269.35,"end":9269.83},{"text":"of","start":9269.83,"end":9269.91},{"text":"the","start":9269.91,"end":9269.99},{"text":"Foundation","start":9269.99,"end":9270.67},{"text":"for","start":9270.67,"end":9270.79},{"text":"Human","start":9270.83,"end":9271.19},{"text":"Rights","start":9271.19,"end":9271.51},{"text":"Initiative,","start":9271.51,"end":9272.11},{"text":"based","start":9273.11,"end":9273.47},{"text":"in","start":9273.47,"end":9273.59},{"text":"Kampala.","start":9273.59,"end":9274.31}]},{"text":"I would have loved to be with you.","start":9276.19,"end":9278.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9276.19,"end":9276.2},{"text":"would","start":9276.19,"end":9276.51},{"text":"have","start":9276.51,"end":9276.83},{"text":"loved","start":9276.83,"end":9277.35},{"text":"to","start":9277.39,"end":9277.51},{"text":"be","start":9277.55,"end":9277.95},{"text":"with","start":9277.95,"end":9278.27},{"text":"you.","start":9278.27,"end":9278.51}]},{"text":"However, due to reasons beyond my control, I'm unable to physically join you.","start":9279.55,"end":9285.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":9279.55,"end":9280.27},{"text":"due","start":9280.43,"end":9280.75},{"text":"to","start":9280.75,"end":9280.99},{"text":"reasons","start":9280.99,"end":9281.63},{"text":"beyond","start":9281.63,"end":9281.95},{"text":"my","start":9281.95,"end":9282.19},{"text":"control,","start":9282.19,"end":9282.99},{"text":"I'm","start":9283.71,"end":9283.95},{"text":"unable","start":9283.95,"end":9284.43},{"text":"to","start":9284.43,"end":9284.55},{"text":"physically","start":9284.55,"end":9285.23},{"text":"join","start":9285.23,"end":9285.63},{"text":"you.","start":9285.63,"end":9285.79}]},{"text":"But suffice to say that I'm with you both in spirit.","start":9286.99,"end":9292.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":9286.99,"end":9287.15},{"text":"suffice","start":9287.15,"end":9288.19},{"text":"to","start":9289.03,"end":9289.11},{"text":"say","start":9289.11,"end":9289.63},{"text":"that","start":9290.43,"end":9290.75},{"text":"I'm","start":9290.75,"end":9290.99},{"text":"with","start":9290.99,"end":9291.15},{"text":"you","start":9291.15,"end":9291.31},{"text":"both","start":9291.31,"end":9291.79},{"text":"in","start":9291.95,"end":9292.11},{"text":"spirit.","start":9292.11,"end":9292.91}]},{"text":"And through this speech.","start":9294.19,"end":9296.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":9294.19,"end":9294.59},{"text":"through","start":9294.59,"end":9294.91},{"text":"this","start":9294.91,"end":9295.47},{"text":"speech.","start":9296.19,"end":9296.99}]},{"text":"I wish to express my admiration to Ippo for giving us this opportunity to engage in such a historic occasion.","start":9298.99,"end":9311.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9298.99,"end":9299.15},{"text":"wish","start":9299.15,"end":9299.47},{"text":"to","start":9299.47,"end":9299.95},{"text":"express","start":9300.67,"end":9301.23},{"text":"my","start":9301.23,"end":9301.43},{"text":"admiration","start":9301.43,"end":9302.35},{"text":"to","start":9302.95,"end":9303.15},{"text":"Ippo","start":9303.19,"end":9303.95},{"text":"for","start":9305.67,"end":9305.83},{"text":"giving","start":9305.83,"end":9306.27},{"text":"us","start":9306.27,"end":9306.43},{"text":"this","start":9306.43,"end":9306.67},{"text":"opportunity","start":9306.67,"end":9307.63},{"text":"to","start":9308.35,"end":9308.47},{"text":"engage","start":9308.47,"end":9308.99},{"text":"in","start":9308.99,"end":9309.31},{"text":"such","start":9309.31,"end":9309.71},{"text":"a","start":9309.79,"end":9309.83},{"text":"historic","start":9309.83,"end":9310.43},{"text":"occasion.","start":9310.43,"end":9311.31}]},{"text":"I come to you with experience as the immediate past UN independent expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order.","start":9313.23,"end":9325.71,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9313.23,"end":9313.47},{"text":"come","start":9313.47,"end":9313.87},{"text":"to","start":9313.87,"end":9314.03},{"text":"you","start":9314.03,"end":9314.19},{"text":"with","start":9315.47,"end":9315.71},{"text":"experience","start":9315.71,"end":9316.91},{"text":"as","start":9316.99,"end":9317.31},{"text":"the","start":9317.31,"end":9317.43},{"text":"immediate","start":9317.43,"end":9318.03},{"text":"past","start":9318.03,"end":9318.43},{"text":"UN","start":9318.43,"end":9318.83},{"text":"independent","start":9318.83,"end":9319.47},{"text":"expert","start":9319.47,"end":9320.27},{"text":"on","start":9320.95,"end":9321.07},{"text":"the","start":9321.07,"end":9321.19},{"text":"promotion","start":9321.19,"end":9321.79},{"text":"of","start":9321.79,"end":9321.91},{"text":"a","start":9321.91,"end":9321.95},{"text":"democratic","start":9321.95,"end":9322.75},{"text":"and","start":9323.39,"end":9323.59},{"text":"equitable","start":9323.59,"end":9324.27},{"text":"international","start":9324.35,"end":9325.23},{"text":"order.","start":9325.23,"end":9325.71}]},{"text":"The Foundation for Human Rights Initiative is a human rights advocacy organization that seeks to promote respect and observance of international accepted human rights standards and practices through actions that include civic awareness, human rights monitoring, access to justice, alliance building, and treaty reporting.","start":9327.87,"end":9352.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9327.87,"end":9327.99},{"text":"Foundation","start":9328.03,"end":9328.59},{"text":"for","start":9328.59,"end":9328.75},{"text":"Human","start":9328.75,"end":9329.07},{"text":"Rights","start":9329.07,"end":9329.39},{"text":"Initiative","start":9329.39,"end":9330.27},{"text":"is","start":9330.27,"end":9330.51},{"text":"a","start":9330.51,"end":9330.55},{"text":"human","start":9330.55,"end":9330.91},{"text":"rights","start":9330.91,"end":9331.31},{"text":"advocacy","start":9331.31,"end":9331.83},{"text":"organization","start":9331.83,"end":9332.75},{"text":"that","start":9333.75,"end":9333.91},{"text":"seeks","start":9333.91,"end":9334.31},{"text":"to","start":9334.31,"end":9334.39},{"text":"promote","start":9334.39,"end":9334.95},{"text":"respect","start":9334.95,"end":9335.51},{"text":"and","start":9335.51,"end":9335.67},{"text":"observance","start":9335.67,"end":9336.63},{"text":"of","start":9337.23,"end":9337.35},{"text":"international","start":9337.35,"end":9338.07},{"text":"accepted","start":9338.07,"end":9338.59},{"text":"human","start":9338.59,"end":9338.87},{"text":"rights","start":9338.87,"end":9339.07},{"text":"standards","start":9339.07,"end":9339.75},{"text":"and","start":9339.75,"end":9339.99},{"text":"practices","start":9339.99,"end":9340.95},{"text":"through","start":9341.71,"end":9341.91},{"text":"actions","start":9341.91,"end":9342.63},{"text":"that","start":9342.63,"end":9342.91},{"text":"include","start":9342.91,"end":9343.27},{"text":"civic","start":9343.27,"end":9343.75},{"text":"awareness,","start":9343.99,"end":9344.79},{"text":"human","start":9345.27,"end":9345.67},{"text":"rights","start":9345.67,"end":9345.99},{"text":"monitoring,","start":9345.99,"end":9346.87},{"text":"access","start":9347.27,"end":9347.83},{"text":"to","start":9347.83,"end":9347.99},{"text":"justice,","start":9347.99,"end":9348.87},{"text":"alliance","start":9349.35,"end":9349.83},{"text":"building,","start":9349.83,"end":9350.63},{"text":"and","start":9350.87,"end":9351.11},{"text":"treaty","start":9351.11,"end":9351.43},{"text":"reporting.","start":9351.43,"end":9352.23}]},{"text":"It is therefore indeed with great honor that we gather with you today to discuss such an important matter.","start":9353.51,"end":9362.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9353.51,"end":9353.75},{"text":"is","start":9353.75,"end":9353.91},{"text":"therefore","start":9353.91,"end":9354.67},{"text":"indeed","start":9354.67,"end":9355.27},{"text":"with","start":9355.27,"end":9355.43},{"text":"great","start":9355.43,"end":9355.83},{"text":"honor","start":9355.91,"end":9356.31},{"text":"that","start":9356.95,"end":9357.27},{"text":"we","start":9357.27,"end":9357.35},{"text":"gather","start":9357.35,"end":9357.79},{"text":"with","start":9357.79,"end":9358.07},{"text":"you","start":9358.07,"end":9358.23},{"text":"today","start":9358.23,"end":9358.87},{"text":"to","start":9359.59,"end":9359.67},{"text":"discuss","start":9359.67,"end":9360.27},{"text":"such","start":9360.27,"end":9360.47},{"text":"an","start":9360.47,"end":9360.63},{"text":"important","start":9360.63,"end":9361.51},{"text":"matter.","start":9362.15,"end":9362.63}]},{"text":"The focus of my speech is global peace and security.","start":9364.63,"end":9370.07,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9364.63,"end":9364.75},{"text":"focus","start":9364.75,"end":9365.27},{"text":"of","start":9365.27,"end":9365.51},{"text":"my","start":9365.51,"end":9365.75},{"text":"speech","start":9365.75,"end":9366.63},{"text":"is","start":9367.67,"end":9367.91},{"text":"global","start":9367.91,"end":9368.31},{"text":"peace","start":9368.31,"end":9368.79},{"text":"and","start":9368.87,"end":9369.11},{"text":"security.","start":9369.11,"end":9370.07}]},{"text":"Why multilateralism matters to the nation's right to development.","start":9371.11,"end":9376.55,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":9371.11,"end":9371.59},{"text":"multilateralism","start":9371.59,"end":9372.71},{"text":"matters","start":9372.71,"end":9373.43},{"text":"to","start":9373.91,"end":9373.99},{"text":"the","start":9374.07,"end":9374.31},{"text":"nation's","start":9374.63,"end":9375.19},{"text":"right","start":9375.19,"end":9375.63},{"text":"to","start":9375.63,"end":9375.71},{"text":"development.","start":9375.71,"end":9376.55}]},{"text":"In discussing this particular topic, I still feel honored to underscore why global cooperation should be seen as sine qua non for the realization of the nation's right to development.","start":9379.91,"end":9397.03,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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is more than a seat of great reckoning, but is also a place where great minds meet to adopt ideas that can reshape global thinking and innovative solutions on the African continent and 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take action?","start":9479.15,"end":9480.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Why","start":9479.15,"end":9479.39},{"text":"take","start":9479.39,"end":9479.79},{"text":"action?","start":9479.79,"end":9480.43}]},{"text":"The world is faced with a global crisis, the threat of a nuclear war.","start":9482.19,"end":9487.71,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9596.31,"end":9596.47},{"text":"UN","start":9596.47,"end":9596.79},{"text":"Charter","start":9596.79,"end":9597.39},{"text":"requires","start":9597.39,"end":9597.99},{"text":"member","start":9597.99,"end":9598.31},{"text":"states","start":9598.31,"end":9598.67},{"text":"to","start":9598.67,"end":9598.75},{"text":"settle","start":9598.75,"end":9599.27},{"text":"international","start":9599.67,"end":9600.39},{"text":"disputes","start":9600.39,"end":9600.87},{"text":"by","start":9600.87,"end":9601.11},{"text":"peaceful","start":9601.11,"end":9601.67},{"text":"means,","start":9601.67,"end":9602.39},{"text":"to","start":9602.95,"end":9603.03},{"text":"refrain","start":9603.03,"end":9603.59},{"text":"from","start":9603.59,"end":9603.79},{"text":"the","start":9603.79,"end":9603.95},{"text":"use","start":9603.99,"end":9604.63},{"text":"of","start":9605.39,"end":9605.47},{"text":"force","start":9605.47,"end":9605.99},{"text":"or","start":9605.99,"end":9606.11},{"text":"threat","start":9606.11,"end":9606.55},{"text":"of","start":9606.59,"end":9606.71},{"text":"use","start":9606.71,"end":9607.03},{"text":"of","start":9607.03,"end":9607.11},{"text":"force,","start":9607.11,"end":9607.75},{"text":"and","start":9608.23,"end":9608.43},{"text":"to","start":9608.43,"end":9608.59},{"text":"uphold","start":9608.59,"end":9609.27},{"text":"the","start":9609.27,"end":9609.39},{"text":"declaration","start":9609.39,"end":9610.31},{"text":"on","start":9610.87,"end":9611.03},{"text":"the","start":9611.03,"end":9611.15},{"text":"right","start":9611.15,"end":9611.75},{"text":"to","start":9611.99,"end":9612.11},{"text":"peace.","start":9612.15,"end":9612.87}]},{"text":"It is therefore incumbent upon states to ratify the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons, reduce military spending, and reinvest in social and economic development.","start":9614.27,"end":9626.71,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9614.27,"end":9614.35},{"text":"is","start":9614.35,"end":9614.59},{"text":"therefore","start":9614.59,"end":9615.07},{"text":"incumbent","start":9615.07,"end":9615.79},{"text":"upon","start":9615.79,"end":9616.11},{"text":"states","start":9616.11,"end":9616.51},{"text":"to","start":9616.51,"end":9616.59},{"text":"ratify","start":9616.59,"end":9617.07},{"text":"the","start":9617.07,"end":9617.19},{"text":"treaty","start":9617.19,"end":9617.87},{"text":"on","start":9618.35,"end":9618.51},{"text":"the","start":9618.51,"end":9618.63},{"text":"prohibition","start":9618.63,"end":9619.35},{"text":"of","start":9619.35,"end":9619.47},{"text":"nuclear","start":9619.47,"end":9619.95},{"text":"weapons,","start":9619.95,"end":9620.75},{"text":"reduce","start":9621.35,"end":9621.71},{"text":"military","start":9621.71,"end":9622.15},{"text":"spending,","start":9622.15,"end":9622.91},{"text":"and","start":9623.07,"end":9623.31},{"text":"reinvest","start":9623.31,"end":9623.95},{"text":"in","start":9624.03,"end":9624.19},{"text":"social","start":9624.19,"end":9624.75},{"text":"and","start":9625.23,"end":9625.39},{"text":"economic","start":9625.39,"end":9625.95},{"text":"development.","start":9625.95,"end":9626.71}]},{"text":"Second, the failure to implement sweeping reforms within the United Nations bodies, for example, the UN Security Council, should be more democratic, representative, transparent, and accountable.","start":9628.03,"end":9641.63,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":9628.03,"end":9628.43},{"text":"the","start":9629.39,"end":9629.55},{"text":"failure","start":9629.55,"end":9629.99},{"text":"to","start":9629.99,"end":9630.11},{"text":"implement","start":9630.11,"end":9630.63},{"text":"sweeping","start":9630.63,"end":9631.07},{"text":"reforms","start":9631.07,"end":9631.71},{"text":"within","start":9631.71,"end":9632.03},{"text":"the","start":9632.03,"end":9632.15},{"text":"United","start":9632.15,"end":9632.59},{"text":"Nations","start":9632.59,"end":9633.15},{"text":"bodies,","start":9633.15,"end":9633.95},{"text":"for","start":9634.43,"end":9634.59},{"text":"example,","start":9634.59,"end":9635.15},{"text":"the","start":9635.15,"end":9635.31},{"text":"UN","start":9635.31,"end":9635.63},{"text":"Security","start":9635.63,"end":9636.15},{"text":"Council,","start":9636.15,"end":9636.67},{"text":"should","start":9636.67,"end":9636.91},{"text":"be","start":9636.91,"end":9637.07},{"text":"more","start":9637.07,"end":9637.27},{"text":"democratic,","start":9637.27,"end":9638.19},{"text":"representative,","start":9638.59,"end":9639.63},{"text":"transparent,","start":9639.63,"end":9640.59},{"text":"and","start":9640.67,"end":9640.87},{"text":"accountable.","start":9640.87,"end":9641.63}]},{"text":"The use of veto powers by the permanent members of the Security Council negates the collective responsibility of member states to ensure peace and harmony within and among member states.","start":9642.87,"end":9655.75,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."},{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9642.87,"end":9642.91},{"text":"use","start":9642.95,"end":9643.23},{"text":"of","start":9643.23,"end":9643.39},{"text":"veto","start":9643.39,"end":9643.67},{"text":"powers","start":9643.67,"end":9644.31},{"text":"by","start":9644.31,"end":9644.47},{"text":"the","start":9644.47,"end":9644.59},{"text":"permanent","start":9644.63,"end":9645.11},{"text":"members","start":9645.11,"end":9645.87},{"text":"of","start":9645.87,"end":9645.99},{"text":"the","start":9645.99,"end":9646.07},{"text":"Security","start":9646.07,"end":9646.63},{"text":"Council","start":9646.63,"end":9647.35},{"text":"negates","start":9647.91,"end":9648.39},{"text":"the","start":9648.39,"end":9648.51},{"text":"collective","start":9648.51,"end":9648.95},{"text":"responsibility","start":9648.95,"end":9649.67},{"text":"of","start":9649.67,"end":9649.83},{"text":"member","start":9649.83,"end":9650.15},{"text":"states","start":9650.15,"end":9650.71},{"text":"to","start":9651.19,"end":9651.27},{"text":"ensure","start":9651.27,"end":9651.59},{"text":"peace","start":9651.59,"end":9652.11},{"text":"and","start":9652.11,"end":9652.31},{"text":"harmony","start":9652.31,"end":9652.87},{"text":"within","start":9653.27,"end":9653.99},{"text":"and","start":9654.07,"end":9654.27},{"text":"among","start":9654.27,"end":9654.59},{"text":"member","start":9654.59,"end":9655.03},{"text":"states.","start":9655.03,"end":9655.75}]},{"text":"Thirdly, the less representative nature of the international system limits participation of civil society.","start":9656.79,"end":9664.31,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly,","start":9656.79,"end":9657.43},{"text":"the","start":9658.31,"end":9658.47},{"text":"less","start":9658.47,"end":9658.79},{"text":"representative","start":9658.79,"end":9659.59},{"text":"nature","start":9659.59,"end":9660.03},{"text":"of","start":9660.03,"end":9660.15},{"text":"the","start":9660.15,"end":9660.23},{"text":"international","start":9660.23,"end":9660.91},{"text":"system","start":9660.91,"end":9661.51},{"text":"limits","start":9662.07,"end":9662.47},{"text":"participation","start":9662.47,"end":9663.07},{"text":"of","start":9663.07,"end":9663.15},{"text":"civil","start":9663.15,"end":9663.47},{"text":"society.","start":9663.47,"end":9664.31}]},{"text":"Considering that the UN Declaration on the Right to Development provides that every human person and all peoples are entitled to participate in, contribute to, and enjoy economic, social, cultural, and political development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be fully realized.","start":9665.27,"end":9687.71,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Considering","start":9665.27,"end":9665.83},{"text":"that","start":9665.83,"end":9665.95},{"text":"the","start":9665.95,"end":9666.11},{"text":"UN","start":9666.11,"end":9666.39},{"text":"Declaration","start":9666.39,"end":9666.99},{"text":"on","start":9666.99,"end":9667.11},{"text":"the","start":9667.11,"end":9667.19},{"text":"Right","start":9667.19,"end":9667.47},{"text":"to","start":9667.47,"end":9667.55},{"text":"Development","start":9667.55,"end":9668.27},{"text":"provides","start":9668.27,"end":9668.87},{"text":"that","start":9668.87,"end":9669.35},{"text":"every","start":9669.75,"end":9670.23},{"text":"human","start":9670.23,"end":9670.63},{"text":"person","start":9670.63,"end":9671.27},{"text":"and","start":9672.07,"end":9672.15},{"text":"all","start":9672.15,"end":9672.47},{"text":"peoples","start":9672.47,"end":9672.99},{"text":"are","start":9672.99,"end":9673.07},{"text":"entitled","start":9673.07,"end":9673.63},{"text":"to","start":9673.63,"end":9673.71},{"text":"participate","start":9673.71,"end":9674.31},{"text":"in,","start":9674.31,"end":9674.71},{"text":"contribute","start":9675.31,"end":9676.19},{"text":"to,","start":9676.19,"end":9676.55},{"text":"and","start":9677.03,"end":9677.23},{"text":"enjoy","start":9677.23,"end":9677.67},{"text":"economic,","start":9677.75,"end":9678.55},{"text":"social,","start":9678.55,"end":9679.35},{"text":"cultural,","start":9679.67,"end":9680.31},{"text":"and","start":9680.31,"end":9680.47},{"text":"political","start":9680.47,"end":9680.95},{"text":"development,","start":9680.95,"end":9681.83},{"text":"in","start":9682.31,"end":9682.99},{"text":"which","start":9682.99,"end":9683.35},{"text":"all","start":9683.35,"end":9683.59},{"text":"human","start":9683.59,"end":9683.91},{"text":"rights","start":9683.91,"end":9684.23},{"text":"and","start":9684.23,"end":9684.39},{"text":"fundamental","start":9684.39,"end":9685.03},{"text":"freedoms","start":9685.03,"end":9685.83},{"text":"can","start":9686.15,"end":9686.39},{"text":"be","start":9686.39,"end":9686.55},{"text":"fully","start":9686.55,"end":9686.83},{"text":"realized.","start":9686.83,"end":9687.71}]},{"text":"It is imperative that states ensure active, free, and meaningful participation of all individuals and the entire population.","start":9688.39,"end":9698.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Both","start":9699.55,"end":9699.83},{"text":"the","start":9699.83,"end":9700.03},{"text":"lack","start":9700.03,"end":9700.31},{"text":"of","start":9700.31,"end":9700.47},{"text":"international","start":9700.47,"end":9701.19},{"text":"patriotism","start":9701.19,"end":9702.07},{"text":"as","start":9702.71,"end":9702.95},{"text":"opposed","start":9702.95,"end":9703.39},{"text":"to","start":9703.39,"end":9703.47},{"text":"nationalism","start":9703.47,"end":9705.15},{"text":"accounts","start":9705.59,"end":9706.19},{"text":"for","start":9706.19,"end":9706.31},{"text":"the","start":9706.31,"end":9706.43},{"text":"limited","start":9706.43,"end":9706.87},{"text":"interest","start":9706.87,"end":9707.43},{"text":"in","start":9707.43,"end":9707.59},{"text":"peace","start":9707.67,"end":9708.07},{"text":"and","start":9708.47,"end":9708.63},{"text":"disarmament.","start":9708.63,"end":9709.51}]},{"text":"For example, states have not taken keen interest in nuclear disarmament, arms control, and reduction in military expenditure.","start":9710.15,"end":9718.63,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9722.55,"end":9722.71},{"text":"order","start":9722.71,"end":9722.95},{"text":"to","start":9722.95,"end":9723.11},{"text":"improve","start":9723.11,"end":9723.51},{"text":"global","start":9723.51,"end":9723.83},{"text":"cooperation","start":9723.83,"end":9724.51},{"text":"and","start":9724.51,"end":9724.63},{"text":"ensure","start":9724.63,"end":9725.03},{"text":"global","start":9725.03,"end":9725.43},{"text":"peace","start":9725.43,"end":9725.75},{"text":"and","start":9725.75,"end":9725.91},{"text":"security,","start":9725.91,"end":9726.79},{"text":"States","start":9727.35,"end":9727.59},{"text":"should","start":9727.59,"end":9727.79},{"text":"abide","start":9727.79,"end":9728.15},{"text":"by","start":9728.15,"end":9728.31},{"text":"the","start":9728.31,"end":9728.47},{"text":"chart","start":9728.47,"end":9728.83},{"text":"of","start":9728.83,"end":9728.95},{"text":"the","start":9728.95,"end":9729.07},{"text":"United","start":9729.07,"end":9729.55},{"text":"Nations,","start":9729.55,"end":9730.31},{"text":"including","start":9730.71,"end":9731.27},{"text":"the","start":9731.27,"end":9731.35},{"text":"UN","start":9731.35,"end":9731.59},{"text":"declaration,","start":9731.59,"end":9732.23},{"text":"the","start":9732.23,"end":9732.39},{"text":"right","start":9732.39,"end":9732.67},{"text":"to","start":9732.67,"end":9732.75},{"text":"peace","start":9732.75,"end":9733.19},{"text":"and","start":9733.67,"end":9733.83},{"text":"other","start":9733.91,"end":9734.19},{"text":"relevant","start":9734.19,"end":9734.79},{"text":"United","start":9734.79,"end":9735.27},{"text":"Nations","start":9735.27,"end":9735.75},{"text":"resolutions.","start":9735.75,"end":9736.87}]},{"text":"States should ratify the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons and other disarmament related treaties and implement them faithfully.","start":9737.91,"end":9748.55,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"States","start":9737.91,"end":9738.79},{"text":"should","start":9738.79,"end":9738.95},{"text":"ratify","start":9738.95,"end":9739.83},{"text":"the","start":9739.83,"end":9739.91},{"text":"treaty","start":9739.91,"end":9740.55},{"text":"on","start":9740.99,"end":9741.11},{"text":"the","start":9741.11,"end":9741.23},{"text":"prohibition","start":9741.23,"end":9741.91},{"text":"of","start":9741.91,"end":9742.03},{"text":"nuclear","start":9742.03,"end":9742.47},{"text":"weapons","start":9742.47,"end":9743.11},{"text":"and","start":9743.19,"end":9743.35},{"text":"other","start":9743.43,"end":9743.75},{"text":"disarmament","start":9743.75,"end":9744.39},{"text":"related","start":9744.39,"end":9744.95},{"text":"treaties","start":9745.35,"end":9746.07},{"text":"and","start":9746.07,"end":9746.31},{"text":"implement","start":9746.31,"end":9746.87},{"text":"them","start":9746.87,"end":9747.27},{"text":"faithfully.","start":9747.75,"end":9748.55}]},{"text":"It is also recommended that the long overdue reforms of some key United Nations bodies among them the Security Council, should be undertaken urgently to make them more democratic, representative, effective, transparent and accountable.","start":9749.43,"end":9767.03,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9749.43,"end":9749.59},{"text":"is","start":9749.59,"end":9749.83},{"text":"also","start":9749.83,"end":9750.23},{"text":"recommended","start":9750.23,"end":9751.03},{"text":"that","start":9751.03,"end":9751.27},{"text":"the","start":9751.27,"end":9751.39},{"text":"long","start":9751.39,"end":9751.75},{"text":"overdue","start":9751.75,"end":9752.23},{"text":"reforms","start":9752.23,"end":9753.11},{"text":"of","start":9753.59,"end":9753.75},{"text":"some","start":9753.75,"end":9754.23},{"text":"key","start":9754.23,"end":9754.51},{"text":"United","start":9754.51,"end":9754.99},{"text":"Nations","start":9754.99,"end":9755.43},{"text":"bodies","start":9755.43,"end":9756.07},{"text":"among","start":9756.47,"end":9756.79},{"text":"them","start":9756.79,"end":9757.03},{"text":"the","start":9757.03,"end":9757.15},{"text":"Security","start":9757.15,"end":9757.71},{"text":"Council,","start":9757.71,"end":9758.31},{"text":"should","start":9758.71,"end":9758.95},{"text":"be","start":9758.95,"end":9759.11},{"text":"undertaken","start":9759.11,"end":9759.75},{"text":"urgently","start":9759.75,"end":9760.31},{"text":"to","start":9760.31,"end":9760.47},{"text":"make","start":9760.47,"end":9760.71},{"text":"them","start":9760.71,"end":9760.87},{"text":"more","start":9760.87,"end":9761.03},{"text":"democratic,","start":9761.03,"end":9761.83},{"text":"representative,","start":9762.31,"end":9763.43},{"text":"effective,","start":9763.59,"end":9764.39},{"text":"transparent","start":9764.71,"end":9765.67},{"text":"and","start":9766.07,"end":9766.23},{"text":"accountable.","start":9766.23,"end":9767.03}]},{"text":"More importantly, the views of people throughout the world should be heard more clearly.","start":9768.31,"end":9773.03,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"More","start":9768.31,"end":9768.55},{"text":"importantly,","start":9768.55,"end":9769.47},{"text":"the","start":9769.59,"end":9769.71},{"text":"views","start":9769.71,"end":9770.15},{"text":"of","start":9770.15,"end":9770.23},{"text":"people","start":9770.23,"end":9770.55},{"text":"throughout","start":9770.55,"end":9770.87},{"text":"the","start":9770.87,"end":9770.99},{"text":"world","start":9770.99,"end":9771.35},{"text":"should","start":9771.35,"end":9771.59},{"text":"be","start":9771.59,"end":9771.75},{"text":"heard","start":9771.75,"end":9772.07},{"text":"more","start":9772.07,"end":9772.23},{"text":"clearly.","start":9772.23,"end":9773.03}]},{"text":"Mechanisms to which civil society can participate and contribute more effectively in the activities of the United Nations should be created.","start":9773.83,"end":9784.23,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Mechanisms","start":9773.83,"end":9774.63},{"text":"to","start":9774.95,"end":9775.11},{"text":"which","start":9775.11,"end":9775.35},{"text":"civil","start":9775.35,"end":9775.71},{"text":"society","start":9775.71,"end":9776.15},{"text":"can","start":9776.15,"end":9776.39},{"text":"participate","start":9776.39,"end":9777.03},{"text":"and","start":9777.55,"end":9777.75},{"text":"contribute","start":9777.75,"end":9778.39},{"text":"more","start":9778.39,"end":9778.71},{"text":"effectively","start":9778.79,"end":9779.67},{"text":"in","start":9779.67,"end":9779.75},{"text":"the","start":9779.75,"end":9779.87},{"text":"activities","start":9779.87,"end":9780.79},{"text":"of","start":9781.23,"end":9781.35},{"text":"the","start":9781.35,"end":9781.43},{"text":"United","start":9781.43,"end":9781.91},{"text":"Nations","start":9781.91,"end":9782.63},{"text":"should","start":9782.95,"end":9783.27},{"text":"be","start":9783.27,"end":9783.51},{"text":"created.","start":9783.51,"end":9784.23}]},{"text":"Renewed multilateralism through which dialogue, diplomacy, negotiation, and inclusiveness based on collective responsibility and international patriotism provides the perfect solution to providing global cooperation and the nation's right to development.","start":9786.03,"end":9802.71,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Renewed","start":9786.03,"end":9786.35},{"text":"multilateralism","start":9786.35,"end":9787.31},{"text":"through","start":9787.31,"end":9787.55},{"text":"which","start":9787.55,"end":9787.79},{"text":"dialogue,","start":9787.79,"end":9788.39},{"text":"diplomacy,","start":9788.63,"end":9789.47},{"text":"negotiation,","start":9789.47,"end":9790.51},{"text":"and","start":9790.91,"end":9791.07},{"text":"inclusiveness","start":9791.07,"end":9791.95},{"text":"based","start":9791.95,"end":9792.27},{"text":"on","start":9792.27,"end":9792.43},{"text":"collective","start":9792.43,"end":9792.91},{"text":"responsibility","start":9792.91,"end":9793.95},{"text":"and","start":9794.35,"end":9794.51},{"text":"international","start":9794.51,"end":9795.23},{"text":"patriotism","start":9795.23,"end":9796.07},{"text":"provides","start":9796.51,"end":9797.15},{"text":"the","start":9797.15,"end":9797.27},{"text":"perfect","start":9797.27,"end":9797.71},{"text":"solution","start":9797.71,"end":9798.35},{"text":"to","start":9798.39,"end":9798.47},{"text":"providing","start":9798.47,"end":9799.07},{"text":"global","start":9799.07,"end":9799.39},{"text":"cooperation","start":9799.39,"end":9800.19},{"text":"and","start":9800.51,"end":9800.67},{"text":"the","start":9800.67,"end":9800.79},{"text":"nation's","start":9800.79,"end":9801.35},{"text":"right","start":9801.35,"end":9801.67},{"text":"to","start":9801.67,"end":9801.75},{"text":"development.","start":9801.79,"end":9802.71}]},{"text":"Introducing the spirit of the international patriotic pact.","start":9804.83,"end":9808.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Introducing","start":9804.83,"end":9805.47},{"text":"the","start":9805.47,"end":9805.59},{"text":"spirit","start":9805.59,"end":9806.19},{"text":"of","start":9806.31,"end":9806.43},{"text":"the","start":9806.43,"end":9806.55},{"text":"international","start":9806.55,"end":9807.27},{"text":"patriotic","start":9807.27,"end":9807.91},{"text":"pact.","start":9807.95,"end":9808.43}]},{"text":"Whereas nations strive to promote patriotism among the population For the sake of loving one's own country, this should be done mindful of the interests of other nations.","start":9809.91,"end":9821.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Whereas","start":9809.91,"end":9810.35},{"text":"nations","start":9810.35,"end":9810.91},{"text":"strive","start":9810.91,"end":9811.23},{"text":"to","start":9811.23,"end":9811.31},{"text":"promote","start":9811.31,"end":9811.79},{"text":"patriotism","start":9811.79,"end":9812.63},{"text":"among","start":9812.91,"end":9813.23},{"text":"the","start":9813.23,"end":9813.35},{"text":"population","start":9813.35,"end":9814.11},{"text":"For","start":9814.63,"end":9814.71},{"text":"the","start":9814.71,"end":9814.87},{"text":"sake","start":9814.87,"end":9815.23},{"text":"of","start":9815.23,"end":9815.31},{"text":"loving","start":9815.31,"end":9815.75},{"text":"one's","start":9815.75,"end":9816.47},{"text":"own","start":9816.63,"end":9816.79},{"text":"country,","start":9816.79,"end":9817.43},{"text":"this","start":9817.99,"end":9818.19},{"text":"should","start":9818.19,"end":9818.39},{"text":"be","start":9818.39,"end":9818.55},{"text":"done","start":9818.55,"end":9818.87},{"text":"mindful","start":9818.87,"end":9819.39},{"text":"of","start":9819.39,"end":9819.51},{"text":"the","start":9819.51,"end":9819.63},{"text":"interests","start":9819.63,"end":9820.23},{"text":"of","start":9820.23,"end":9820.47},{"text":"other","start":9820.47,"end":9820.71},{"text":"nations.","start":9820.71,"end":9821.59}]},{"text":"Whereas the UN Charter recognizes the principle of state sovereignty, it reaffirms also the equal rights of nations, large and small.","start":9822.67,"end":9832.63,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Whereas","start":9822.67,"end":9823.27},{"text":"the","start":9823.27,"end":9823.39},{"text":"UN","start":9823.39,"end":9823.67},{"text":"Charter","start":9823.67,"end":9824.11},{"text":"recognizes","start":9824.11,"end":9824.95},{"text":"the","start":9824.95,"end":9825.03},{"text":"principle","start":9825.03,"end":9825.47},{"text":"of","start":9825.47,"end":9825.55},{"text":"state","start":9825.55,"end":9825.83},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":9825.83,"end":9826.79},{"text":"it","start":9827.27,"end":9827.51},{"text":"reaffirms","start":9827.51,"end":9828.39},{"text":"also","start":9828.47,"end":9828.95},{"text":"the","start":9828.95,"end":9829.11},{"text":"equal","start":9829.11,"end":9829.43},{"text":"rights","start":9829.43,"end":9829.79},{"text":"of","start":9829.79,"end":9829.91},{"text":"nations,","start":9829.91,"end":9830.71},{"text":"large","start":9831.11,"end":9831.75},{"text":"and","start":9831.83,"end":9832.07},{"text":"small.","start":9832.07,"end":9832.63}]},{"text":"The IPPO principle of loving one's own country without harming other nations augurs well with the right of nations to coexist, and cooperate in order to enhance a nation's development.","start":9833.83,"end":9846.59,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":9833.83,"end":9834.03},{"text":"IPPO","start":9834.03,"end":9834.87},{"text":"principle","start":9834.87,"end":9835.43},{"text":"of","start":9835.43,"end":9835.51},{"text":"loving","start":9835.51,"end":9835.99},{"text":"one's","start":9835.99,"end":9836.39},{"text":"own","start":9836.39,"end":9836.55},{"text":"country","start":9836.55,"end":9836.99},{"text":"without","start":9836.99,"end":9837.35},{"text":"harming","start":9837.35,"end":9837.83},{"text":"other","start":9837.83,"end":9838.07},{"text":"nations","start":9838.07,"end":9838.79},{"text":"augurs","start":9839.19,"end":9839.67},{"text":"well","start":9839.67,"end":9839.99},{"text":"with","start":9839.99,"end":9840.27},{"text":"the","start":9840.27,"end":9840.35},{"text":"right","start":9840.35,"end":9840.71},{"text":"of","start":9840.71,"end":9840.87},{"text":"nations","start":9840.87,"end":9841.35},{"text":"to","start":9841.35,"end":9841.55},{"text":"coexist,","start":9841.55,"end":9842.35},{"text":"and","start":9842.91,"end":9843.07},{"text":"cooperate","start":9843.07,"end":9843.71},{"text":"in","start":9843.71,"end":9843.79},{"text":"order","start":9843.79,"end":9844.03},{"text":"to","start":9844.03,"end":9844.15},{"text":"enhance","start":9844.15,"end":9844.83},{"text":"a","start":9845.15,"end":9845.19},{"text":"nation's","start":9845.19,"end":9845.71},{"text":"development.","start":9845.71,"end":9846.59}]},{"text":"Indeed, the duty of states to cooperate and share technological advancement is consistent with the principle of do no harm to others.","start":9847.71,"end":9857.23,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed,","start":9847.71,"end":9848.35},{"text":"the","start":9849.07,"end":9849.23},{"text":"duty","start":9849.23,"end":9849.51},{"text":"of","start":9849.51,"end":9849.59},{"text":"states","start":9849.63,"end":9850.03},{"text":"to","start":9850.03,"end":9850.11},{"text":"cooperate","start":9850.11,"end":9850.75},{"text":"and","start":9850.75,"end":9850.95},{"text":"share","start":9850.95,"end":9851.19},{"text":"technological","start":9851.19,"end":9851.95},{"text":"advancement","start":9851.95,"end":9852.83},{"text":"is","start":9853.15,"end":9853.39},{"text":"consistent","start":9853.39,"end":9854.11},{"text":"with","start":9854.11,"end":9854.23},{"text":"the","start":9854.23,"end":9854.31},{"text":"principle","start":9854.31,"end":9854.79},{"text":"of","start":9854.79,"end":9854.91},{"text":"do","start":9854.91,"end":9855.07},{"text":"no","start":9855.07,"end":9855.39},{"text":"harm","start":9855.39,"end":9855.87},{"text":"to","start":9856.23,"end":9856.43},{"text":"others.","start":9856.51,"end":9857.23}]},{"text":"I believe we need to endorse these principles in the International Patriot Pact as a guiding framework towards a nation's right to development.","start":9858.03,"end":9867.27,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9858.03,"end":9858.19},{"text":"believe","start":9858.19,"end":9858.51},{"text":"we","start":9858.51,"end":9858.67},{"text":"need","start":9858.67,"end":9858.87},{"text":"to","start":9858.87,"end":9858.99},{"text":"endorse","start":9858.99,"end":9859.39},{"text":"these","start":9859.39,"end":9859.63},{"text":"principles","start":9859.63,"end":9860.43},{"text":"in","start":9860.67,"end":9860.83},{"text":"the","start":9860.83,"end":9860.95},{"text":"International","start":9860.95,"end":9861.55},{"text":"Patriot","start":9861.55,"end":9862.11},{"text":"Pact","start":9862.11,"end":9862.67},{"text":"as","start":9863.07,"end":9863.23},{"text":"a","start":9863.23,"end":9863.31},{"text":"guiding","start":9863.31,"end":9863.79},{"text":"framework","start":9863.79,"end":9864.39},{"text":"towards","start":9864.39,"end":9864.91},{"text":"a","start":9864.99,"end":9865.03},{"text":"nation's","start":9865.03,"end":9865.55},{"text":"right","start":9865.55,"end":9866.03},{"text":"to","start":9866.43,"end":9866.55},{"text":"development.","start":9866.59,"end":9867.27}]},{"text":"Proposing specific solutions.","start":9868.99,"end":9871.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Proposing","start":9868.99,"end":9869.87},{"text":"specific","start":9870.27,"end":9870.91},{"text":"solutions.","start":9870.91,"end":9871.87}]},{"text":"I propose that this IPPO forum endorses the idea of a global civil society review mechanism of a nation's right to development.","start":9872.99,"end":9882.51,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9872.99,"end":9873.23},{"text":"propose","start":9873.23,"end":9873.91},{"text":"that","start":9873.91,"end":9874.11},{"text":"this","start":9874.11,"end":9874.35},{"text":"IPPO","start":9874.35,"end":9875.19},{"text":"forum","start":9875.19,"end":9875.87},{"text":"endorses","start":9876.35,"end":9876.91},{"text":"the","start":9876.91,"end":9877.03},{"text":"idea","start":9877.03,"end":9877.51},{"text":"of","start":9877.51,"end":9877.71},{"text":"a","start":9877.79,"end":9877.83},{"text":"global","start":9877.83,"end":9878.11},{"text":"civil","start":9878.11,"end":9878.43},{"text":"society","start":9878.43,"end":9878.95},{"text":"review","start":9878.95,"end":9879.31},{"text":"mechanism","start":9879.31,"end":9879.99},{"text":"of","start":9880.63,"end":9880.75},{"text":"a","start":9880.83,"end":9880.87},{"text":"nation's","start":9880.87,"end":9881.31},{"text":"right","start":9881.31,"end":9881.51},{"text":"to","start":9881.51,"end":9881.59},{"text":"development.","start":9881.63,"end":9882.51}]},{"text":"Under this mechanism, national chapters will be established with a view of monitoring how the state protects its interests while cooperating with others.","start":9883.55,"end":9893.95,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":9934.63,"end":9934.95},{"text":"us","start":9934.95,"end":9935.15},{"text":"disseminate","start":9935.15,"end":9935.75},{"text":"the","start":9935.75,"end":9935.91},{"text":"pact","start":9935.91,"end":9936.27},{"text":"to","start":9936.27,"end":9936.35},{"text":"our","start":9936.35,"end":9936.43},{"text":"respective","start":9936.43,"end":9937.11},{"text":"communities","start":9937.11,"end":9938.15},{"text":"and","start":9938.47,"end":9938.67},{"text":"establish","start":9938.67,"end":9939.27},{"text":"IPPO","start":9939.27,"end":9940.07},{"text":"chapters.","start":9940.07,"end":9940.87}]},{"text":"Let us say no to the infringement of other nations' rights in the name of development rights.","start":9941.75,"end":9948.47,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":9941.75,"end":9942.07},{"text":"us","start":9942.07,"end":9942.35},{"text":"say","start":9942.35,"end":9942.47},{"text":"no","start":9942.47,"end":9942.95},{"text":"to","start":9942.95,"end":9943.11},{"text":"the","start":9943.11,"end":9943.19},{"text":"infringement","start":9943.19,"end":9943.99},{"text":"of","start":9943.99,"end":9944.23},{"text":"other","start":9944.23,"end":9944.63},{"text":"nations'","start":9944.63,"end":9945.19},{"text":"rights","start":9945.19,"end":9945.75},{"text":"in","start":9946.15,"end":9946.31},{"text":"the","start":9946.31,"end":9946.43},{"text":"name","start":9946.43,"end":9946.79},{"text":"of","start":9946.79,"end":9947.11},{"text":"development","start":9947.11,"end":9947.83},{"text":"rights.","start":9947.83,"end":9948.47}]},{"text":"I also call upon every organization and every individual present to be active participants and be implementers of this noble cause.","start":9949.27,"end":9959.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9949.27,"end":9949.43},{"text":"also","start":9949.43,"end":9949.75},{"text":"call","start":9949.75,"end":9949.99},{"text":"upon","start":9949.99,"end":9950.31},{"text":"every","start":9950.31,"end":9950.55},{"text":"organization","start":9950.55,"end":9951.51},{"text":"and","start":9951.51,"end":9951.67},{"text":"every","start":9951.67,"end":9952.19},{"text":"individual","start":9952.19,"end":9952.83},{"text":"present","start":9952.83,"end":9953.51},{"text":"to","start":9953.99,"end":9954.11},{"text":"be","start":9954.11,"end":9954.31},{"text":"active","start":9954.31,"end":9954.95},{"text":"participants","start":9954.95,"end":9955.91},{"text":"and","start":9956.43,"end":9956.59},{"text":"be","start":9956.59,"end":9956.71},{"text":"implementers","start":9956.71,"end":9957.71},{"text":"of","start":9957.83,"end":9957.95},{"text":"this","start":9957.95,"end":9958.27},{"text":"noble","start":9958.27,"end":9958.59},{"text":"cause.","start":9958.59,"end":9959.23}]},{"text":"In conclusion, today we make history.","start":9960.91,"end":9965.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9960.91,"end":9961.07},{"text":"conclusion,","start":9961.07,"end":9961.95},{"text":"today","start":9963.15,"end":9963.79},{"text":"we","start":9964.19,"end":9964.35},{"text":"make","start":9964.35,"end":9964.63},{"text":"history.","start":9964.63,"end":9965.39}]},{"text":"From Geneva to Nairobi, we proclaim a new beginning.","start":9966.43,"end":9969.63,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."},{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":9966.43,"end":9966.67},{"text":"Geneva","start":9966.67,"end":9967.15},{"text":"to","start":9967.15,"end":9967.27},{"text":"Nairobi,","start":9967.27,"end":9967.87},{"text":"we","start":9967.87,"end":9968.03},{"text":"proclaim","start":9968.03,"end":9968.71},{"text":"a","start":9968.71,"end":9968.75},{"text":"new","start":9968.75,"end":9968.99},{"text":"beginning.","start":9968.99,"end":9969.63}]},{"text":"We join hands to break barriers and build bridges.","start":9970.67,"end":9975.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9970.67,"end":9970.91},{"text":"join","start":9970.91,"end":9971.23},{"text":"hands","start":9971.23,"end":9971.71},{"text":"to","start":9971.71,"end":9971.95},{"text":"break","start":9972.23,"end":9972.51},{"text":"barriers","start":9972.51,"end":9973.47},{"text":"and","start":9974.19,"end":9974.43},{"text":"build","start":9974.43,"end":9974.83},{"text":"bridges.","start":9974.83,"end":9975.87}]},{"text":"We proclaim a just, transparent, and people-centered new international order.","start":9976.59,"end":9982.75,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9976.59,"end":9976.83},{"text":"proclaim","start":9976.83,"end":9977.63},{"text":"a","start":9977.95,"end":9977.99},{"text":"just,","start":9977.99,"end":9978.47},{"text":"transparent,","start":9978.47,"end":9979.39},{"text":"and","start":9979.87,"end":9980.11},{"text":"people-centered","start":9980.11,"end":9980.99},{"text":"new","start":9980.99,"end":9981.31},{"text":"international","start":9981.55,"end":9982.35},{"text":"order.","start":9982.35,"end":9982.75}]},{"text":"I thank you all.","start":9983.63,"end":9984.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9983.63,"end":9983.79},{"text":"thank","start":9983.79,"end":9984.11},{"text":"you","start":9984.11,"end":9984.35},{"text":"all.","start":9984.35,"end":9984.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Dr. Livingstone","affiliation":"FHRI","affiliation_full":"FHRI","group":null,"function":"Executive Director"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":9998.59,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=2:46:39","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Vice Chair.","start":9998.59,"end":9999.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9998.59,"end":9998.91},{"text":"you,","start":9998.91,"end":9998.99},{"text":"Vice","start":9998.99,"end":9999.39},{"text":"Chair.","start":9999.39,"end":9999.71}]},{"text":"His global patriotism index and civil society review model offer a practical route for Apple.","start":10001.71,"end":10013.47,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"His","start":10001.71,"end":10002.03},{"text":"global","start":10002.11,"end":10002.59},{"text":"patriotism","start":10002.59,"end":10003.39},{"text":"index","start":10003.39,"end":10004.11},{"text":"and","start":10004.99,"end":10005.35},{"text":"civil","start":10005.95,"end":10006.27},{"text":"society","start":10006.27,"end":10006.83},{"text":"review","start":10006.83,"end":10007.15},{"text":"model","start":10007.15,"end":10007.71},{"text":"offer","start":10008.67,"end":10009.19},{"text":"a","start":10009.19,"end":10009.23},{"text":"practical","start":10010.67,"end":10011.31},{"text":"route","start":10011.31,"end":10012.03},{"text":"for","start":10012.75,"end":10012.99},{"text":"Apple.","start":10012.99,"end":10013.47}]},{"text":"From UN oversight to Apple's principle that patriotism must not harm other nations.","start":10016.19,"end":10030.59,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Civil","start":10032.35,"end":10032.71},{"text":"society","start":10032.71,"end":10033.23},{"text":"monitoring","start":10033.23,"end":10034.03},{"text":"is","start":10034.83,"end":10035.23},{"text":"becoming","start":10035.39,"end":10035.87},{"text":"an","start":10035.87,"end":10036.43},{"text":"important","start":10036.43,"end":10037.23},{"text":"safeguard","start":10037.47,"end":10038.51},{"text":"for","start":10040.43,"end":10040.79},{"text":"development","start":10040.83,"end":10041.31},{"text":"rights.","start":10041.31,"end":10041.71}]},{"text":"Moving forward, please welcome Mr. Zita Abraham-Billa, Chair of Roja, new BF in Bukinifaso, and an Apple co-initiator approved by the committee.","start":10045.55,"end":10061.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moving","start":10045.55,"end":10045.91},{"text":"forward,","start":10045.91,"end":10046.43},{"text":"please","start":10046.67,"end":10047.23},{"text":"welcome","start":10047.23,"end":10047.79},{"text":"Mr.","start":10048.35,"end":10049.07},{"text":"Zita","start":10050.91,"end":10051.39},{"text":"Abraham-Billa,","start":10051.39,"end":10052.35},{"text":"Chair","start":10052.59,"end":10053.15},{"text":"of","start":10053.83,"end":10053.91},{"text":"Roja,","start":10053.99,"end":10054.39},{"text":"new","start":10055.03,"end":10055.51},{"text":"BF","start":10055.51,"end":10055.99},{"text":"in","start":10055.99,"end":10056.27},{"text":"Bukinifaso,","start":10056.27,"end":10057.19},{"text":"and","start":10057.59,"end":10057.79},{"text":"an","start":10057.79,"end":10057.99},{"text":"Apple","start":10057.99,"end":10058.39},{"text":"co-initiator","start":10058.39,"end":10059.35},{"text":"approved","start":10059.59,"end":10060.07},{"text":"by","start":10060.07,"end":10060.31},{"text":"the","start":10060.31,"end":10060.47},{"text":"committee.","start":10060.55,"end":10061.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Gwade Kuy","affiliation":"IPPO","affiliation_full":"IPPO","group":null,"function":"President"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":10072.78,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=2:47:53","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guest, Dear engaged citizens of the free world, the dignity of peoples and the sovereignty of nations, dear members of the EPO, allow us first of all to address our sincere thanks to EPO for the initiative of this gathering and above all for having understood the historical urgency of our time to engage in global action in favor of the International Patriotic Pact.","start":10072.78,"end":10109.07,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":10072.78,"end":10073.18},{"text":"and","start":10073.18,"end":10073.58},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":10073.58,"end":10074.22},{"text":"distinguished","start":10076.7,"end":10077.5},{"text":"guest,","start":10077.66,"end":10078.06},{"text":"Dear","start":10083.87,"end":10084.07},{"text":"engaged","start":10084.59,"end":10084.99},{"text":"citizens","start":10084.99,"end":10085.51},{"text":"of","start":10085.51,"end":10085.79},{"text":"the","start":10085.95,"end":10086.03},{"text":"free","start":10086.03,"end":10086.35},{"text":"world,","start":10086.35,"end":10086.83},{"text":"the","start":10087.15,"end":10087.27},{"text":"dignity","start":10087.47,"end":10087.91},{"text":"of","start":10087.91,"end":10088.03},{"text":"peoples","start":10088.03,"end":10088.43},{"text":"and","start":10088.43,"end":10088.55},{"text":"the","start":10088.55,"end":10088.63},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10088.63,"end":10089.03},{"text":"of","start":10089.03,"end":10089.23},{"text":"nations,","start":10089.23,"end":10089.79},{"text":"dear","start":10090.71,"end":10090.95},{"text":"members","start":10091.07,"end":10091.47},{"text":"of","start":10091.47,"end":10091.63},{"text":"the","start":10091.63,"end":10091.75},{"text":"EPO,","start":10091.75,"end":10092.23},{"text":"allow","start":10094.07,"end":10094.19},{"text":"us","start":10094.19,"end":10094.43},{"text":"first","start":10094.43,"end":10094.67},{"text":"of","start":10094.67,"end":10094.75},{"text":"all","start":10094.75,"end":10094.91},{"text":"to","start":10094.91,"end":10095.15},{"text":"address","start":10095.15,"end":10095.55},{"text":"our","start":10095.55,"end":10095.71},{"text":"sincere","start":10095.71,"end":10096.23},{"text":"thanks","start":10096.23,"end":10096.67},{"text":"to","start":10096.67,"end":10096.87},{"text":"EPO","start":10096.87,"end":10097.31},{"text":"for","start":10097.31,"end":10097.47},{"text":"the","start":10097.47,"end":10097.59},{"text":"initiative","start":10097.59,"end":10098.27},{"text":"of","start":10098.27,"end":10098.43},{"text":"this","start":10098.43,"end":10098.67},{"text":"gathering","start":10098.75,"end":10099.39},{"text":"and","start":10099.39,"end":10099.63},{"text":"above","start":10099.63,"end":10099.95},{"text":"all","start":10099.95,"end":10100.19},{"text":"for","start":10100.43,"end":10100.59},{"text":"having","start":10100.59,"end":10100.87},{"text":"understood","start":10100.87,"end":10101.31},{"text":"the","start":10101.31,"end":10101.47},{"text":"historical","start":10101.47,"end":10102.19},{"text":"urgency","start":10102.27,"end":10102.83},{"text":"of","start":10102.83,"end":10102.99},{"text":"our","start":10102.99,"end":10103.23},{"text":"time","start":10103.23,"end":10103.63},{"text":"to","start":10103.95,"end":10104.07},{"text":"engage","start":10104.07,"end":10104.51},{"text":"in","start":10104.51,"end":10104.59},{"text":"global","start":10104.59,"end":10105.07},{"text":"action","start":10105.07,"end":10105.63},{"text":"in","start":10105.63,"end":10105.79},{"text":"favor","start":10105.79,"end":10106.19},{"text":"of","start":10106.19,"end":10106.43},{"text":"the","start":10106.43,"end":10106.67},{"text":"International","start":10106.91,"end":10107.55},{"text":"Patriotic","start":10107.55,"end":10108.43},{"text":"Pact.","start":10108.67,"end":10109.07}]},{"text":"For today, a fundamental question arises for humanity: what world do we want to bequeath to future generations?","start":10115.71,"end":10123.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":10115.71,"end":10115.87},{"text":"today,","start":10115.87,"end":10116.43},{"text":"a","start":10116.43,"end":10116.51},{"text":"fundamental","start":10116.51,"end":10117.15},{"text":"question","start":10117.15,"end":10117.71},{"text":"arises","start":10117.71,"end":10118.35},{"text":"for","start":10118.35,"end":10118.59},{"text":"humanity:","start":10118.59,"end":10119.47},{"text":"what","start":10119.67,"end":10119.95},{"text":"world","start":10119.95,"end":10120.39},{"text":"do","start":10120.39,"end":10120.51},{"text":"we","start":10120.51,"end":10120.59},{"text":"want","start":10120.59,"end":10120.95},{"text":"to","start":10120.95,"end":10121.23},{"text":"bequeath","start":10121.23,"end":10121.71},{"text":"to","start":10121.71,"end":10122.27},{"text":"future","start":10122.27,"end":10122.67},{"text":"generations?","start":10122.67,"end":10123.47}]},{"text":"Do we want to continue living in a world where power gives the right to decide for others?","start":10124.11,"end":10128.99,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":10124.11,"end":10124.23},{"text":"we","start":10124.23,"end":10124.35},{"text":"want","start":10124.35,"end":10124.59},{"text":"to","start":10124.59,"end":10124.67},{"text":"continue","start":10124.67,"end":10125.07},{"text":"living","start":10125.07,"end":10125.47},{"text":"in","start":10125.47,"end":10125.71},{"text":"a","start":10125.71,"end":10125.79},{"text":"world","start":10125.79,"end":10126.15},{"text":"where","start":10126.15,"end":10126.51},{"text":"power","start":10126.51,"end":10126.91},{"text":"gives","start":10126.91,"end":10127.23},{"text":"the","start":10127.23,"end":10127.35},{"text":"right","start":10127.35,"end":10127.67},{"text":"to","start":10127.67,"end":10127.79},{"text":"decide","start":10127.79,"end":10128.27},{"text":"for","start":10128.27,"end":10128.51},{"text":"others?","start":10128.59,"end":10128.99}]},{"text":"A world where certain peoples would be condemned to provide their resources while others reap the benefits?","start":10129.47,"end":10135.55,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":10129.47,"end":10129.51},{"text":"world","start":10129.51,"end":10129.79},{"text":"where","start":10129.79,"end":10130.03},{"text":"certain","start":10130.03,"end":10130.43},{"text":"peoples","start":10130.43,"end":10130.91},{"text":"would","start":10130.99,"end":10131.19},{"text":"be","start":10131.19,"end":10131.55},{"text":"condemned","start":10131.55,"end":10132.11},{"text":"to","start":10132.19,"end":10132.35},{"text":"provide","start":10132.35,"end":10132.91},{"text":"their","start":10132.91,"end":10133.35},{"text":"resources","start":10133.35,"end":10133.91},{"text":"while","start":10133.91,"end":10134.23},{"text":"others","start":10134.23,"end":10134.59},{"text":"reap","start":10134.59,"end":10134.83},{"text":"the","start":10134.83,"end":10134.99},{"text":"benefits?","start":10134.99,"end":10135.55}]},{"text":"A world where the sovereignty of nations would be negotiable, where development would be reserved for a few, and where peace would sometimes be used as an instrument of domination.","start":10139.59,"end":10150.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."},{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."},{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":10139.59,"end":10139.6},{"text":"world","start":10139.59,"end":10139.99},{"text":"where","start":10139.99,"end":10140.23},{"text":"the","start":10140.23,"end":10140.39},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10140.39,"end":10140.83},{"text":"of","start":10140.83,"end":10140.95},{"text":"nations","start":10140.95,"end":10141.39},{"text":"would","start":10141.39,"end":10141.55},{"text":"be","start":10141.55,"end":10141.75},{"text":"negotiable,","start":10141.75,"end":10142.43},{"text":"where","start":10142.43,"end":10142.83},{"text":"development","start":10142.87,"end":10143.35},{"text":"would","start":10143.35,"end":10143.51},{"text":"be","start":10143.51,"end":10143.75},{"text":"reserved","start":10143.75,"end":10145.03},{"text":"for","start":10145.03,"end":10145.31},{"text":"a","start":10145.31,"end":10145.35},{"text":"few,","start":10145.43,"end":10145.91},{"text":"and","start":10146.31,"end":10146.55},{"text":"where","start":10146.55,"end":10146.75},{"text":"peace","start":10146.79,"end":10147.19},{"text":"would","start":10147.19,"end":10147.43},{"text":"sometimes","start":10147.43,"end":10147.91},{"text":"be","start":10147.91,"end":10148.07},{"text":"used","start":10148.07,"end":10148.39},{"text":"as","start":10148.47,"end":10148.71},{"text":"an","start":10148.71,"end":10148.95},{"text":"instrument","start":10148.95,"end":10149.43},{"text":"of","start":10149.43,"end":10149.59},{"text":"domination.","start":10149.59,"end":10150.31}]},{"text":"We say no. The time has come to profoundly rethink relations between nations.","start":10150.47,"end":10155.75,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Suffering","start":10232.95,"end":10233.43},{"text":"countries","start":10233.43,"end":10234.07},{"text":"see","start":10234.23,"end":10234.55},{"text":"their","start":10234.55,"end":10234.87},{"text":"wealth","start":10234.87,"end":10235.27},{"text":"exploited","start":10235.35,"end":10236.23},{"text":"without","start":10236.23,"end":10236.59},{"text":"their","start":10236.59,"end":10236.79},{"text":"populations","start":10236.79,"end":10237.59},{"text":"being","start":10237.59,"end":10238.07},{"text":"fully","start":10238.55,"end":10239.11},{"text":"benefiting","start":10239.11,"end":10239.67},{"text":"from","start":10239.67,"end":10239.91},{"text":"the","start":10239.91,"end":10239.99},{"text":"fruits","start":10239.99,"end":10240.35},{"text":"of","start":10240.35,"end":10240.47},{"text":"their","start":10240.47,"end":10240.79},{"text":"own","start":10240.79,"end":10240.87},{"text":"heritage.","start":10240.87,"end":10241.67}]},{"text":"This reality can no longer be considered a Why the pact matters.","start":10242.07,"end":10249.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10242.07,"end":10242.39},{"text":"reality","start":10242.39,"end":10242.95},{"text":"can","start":10242.95,"end":10243.15},{"text":"no","start":10243.15,"end":10243.31},{"text":"longer","start":10243.31,"end":10243.75},{"text":"be","start":10243.75,"end":10243.91},{"text":"considered","start":10243.91,"end":10244.63},{"text":"a","start":10244.71,"end":10244.79},{"text":"Why","start":10247.91,"end":10248.15},{"text":"the","start":10248.15,"end":10248.31},{"text":"pact","start":10248.79,"end":10249.19},{"text":"matters.","start":10249.19,"end":10249.83}]},{"text":"It is precisely for this reason that the International Patriotic Pact finds its full meaning, its full relevance and its full strength.","start":10250.23,"end":10257.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":10250.23,"end":10250.39},{"text":"is","start":10250.39,"end":10250.55},{"text":"precisely","start":10250.55,"end":10251.15},{"text":"for","start":10251.15,"end":10251.31},{"text":"this","start":10251.31,"end":10251.51},{"text":"reason","start":10251.51,"end":10251.91},{"text":"that","start":10251.91,"end":10252.15},{"text":"the","start":10252.15,"end":10252.23},{"text":"International","start":10252.23,"end":10252.79},{"text":"Patriotic","start":10252.79,"end":10253.39},{"text":"Pact","start":10253.39,"end":10253.83},{"text":"finds","start":10254.15,"end":10254.43},{"text":"its","start":10254.43,"end":10254.63},{"text":"full","start":10254.63,"end":10254.87},{"text":"meaning,","start":10254.87,"end":10255.35},{"text":"its","start":10255.35,"end":10255.59},{"text":"full","start":10255.59,"end":10256.15},{"text":"relevance","start":10256.23,"end":10256.79},{"text":"and","start":10256.79,"end":10257.03},{"text":"its","start":10257.03,"end":10257.27},{"text":"full","start":10257.27,"end":10257.43},{"text":"strength.","start":10257.43,"end":10257.91}]},{"text":"We want to make this pact an instrument for the gathering of peoples, a framework of solidarity between nations and a collective commitment to a new international order founded on justice, equity and mutual respect.","start":10258.23,"end":10273.35,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10258.23,"end":10258.43},{"text":"want","start":10258.43,"end":10258.63},{"text":"to","start":10258.63,"end":10258.71},{"text":"make","start":10258.71,"end":10258.87},{"text":"this","start":10258.87,"end":10259.03},{"text":"pact","start":10259.03,"end":10259.47},{"text":"an","start":10259.47,"end":10259.67},{"text":"instrument","start":10259.67,"end":10260.23},{"text":"for","start":10260.23,"end":10260.47},{"text":"the","start":10260.47,"end":10260.59},{"text":"gathering","start":10260.59,"end":10261.07},{"text":"of","start":10261.07,"end":10261.19},{"text":"peoples,","start":10261.19,"end":10261.75},{"text":"a","start":10262.07,"end":10262.15},{"text":"framework","start":10262.15,"end":10262.63},{"text":"of","start":10262.63,"end":10262.79},{"text":"solidarity","start":10262.79,"end":10263.51},{"text":"between","start":10263.51,"end":10263.87},{"text":"nations","start":10263.87,"end":10264.39},{"text":"and","start":10264.87,"end":10265.03},{"text":"a","start":10265.03,"end":10265.11},{"text":"collective","start":10265.11,"end":10265.59},{"text":"commitment","start":10265.59,"end":10266.27},{"text":"to","start":10266.27,"end":10266.47},{"text":"a","start":10266.55,"end":10266.59},{"text":"new","start":10266.59,"end":10266.87},{"text":"international","start":10266.87,"end":10267.55},{"text":"order","start":10267.55,"end":10267.99},{"text":"founded","start":10267.99,"end":10268.51},{"text":"on","start":10268.55,"end":10268.95},{"text":"justice,","start":10269.43,"end":10269.99},{"text":"equity","start":10270.55,"end":10271.35},{"text":"and","start":10272.07,"end":10272.23},{"text":"mutual","start":10272.23,"end":10272.67},{"text":"respect.","start":10272.67,"end":10273.35}]},{"text":"We want to contribute to shaping a more just, more humane and more balanced world, a world where relations between states are based on mutually beneficial interests and not on domination.","start":10275.19,"end":10288.71,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10275.19,"end":10275.39},{"text":"want","start":10275.39,"end":10275.55},{"text":"to","start":10275.55,"end":10275.63},{"text":"contribute","start":10275.63,"end":10276.27},{"text":"to","start":10276.27,"end":10276.55},{"text":"shaping","start":10276.55,"end":10277.19},{"text":"a","start":10277.19,"end":10277.27},{"text":"more","start":10277.27,"end":10277.55},{"text":"just,","start":10277.59,"end":10278.07},{"text":"more","start":10278.47,"end":10278.71},{"text":"humane","start":10278.71,"end":10279.27},{"text":"and","start":10279.59,"end":10279.75},{"text":"more","start":10279.75,"end":10280.11},{"text":"balanced","start":10280.11,"end":10280.63},{"text":"world,","start":10280.63,"end":10281.11},{"text":"a","start":10281.83,"end":10281.91},{"text":"world","start":10281.91,"end":10282.31},{"text":"where","start":10282.31,"end":10282.59},{"text":"relations","start":10282.59,"end":10283.11},{"text":"between","start":10283.11,"end":10283.59},{"text":"states","start":10283.59,"end":10283.99},{"text":"are","start":10283.99,"end":10284.15},{"text":"based","start":10284.15,"end":10284.55},{"text":"on","start":10284.55,"end":10284.67},{"text":"mutually","start":10284.67,"end":10285.27},{"text":"beneficial","start":10285.27,"end":10285.87},{"text":"interests","start":10285.87,"end":10286.47},{"text":"and","start":10286.95,"end":10287.15},{"text":"not","start":10287.15,"end":10287.43},{"text":"on","start":10287.43,"end":10287.75},{"text":"domination.","start":10287.83,"end":10288.71}]},{"text":"a world where no state can claim that its power gives it the right to dispose of the resources, territory, and/or future of another people.","start":10290.07,"end":10301.19,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"a","start":10290.07,"end":10290.15},{"text":"world","start":10290.15,"end":10290.55},{"text":"where","start":10290.55,"end":10290.91},{"text":"no","start":10290.91,"end":10291.27},{"text":"state","start":10291.43,"end":10291.99},{"text":"can","start":10292.07,"end":10292.31},{"text":"claim","start":10292.31,"end":10292.63},{"text":"that","start":10292.63,"end":10292.95},{"text":"its","start":10293.27,"end":10293.51},{"text":"power","start":10293.75,"end":10294.39},{"text":"gives","start":10294.39,"end":10294.71},{"text":"it","start":10294.71,"end":10294.91},{"text":"the","start":10294.91,"end":10295.03},{"text":"right","start":10295.03,"end":10295.51},{"text":"to","start":10295.51,"end":10295.75},{"text":"dispose","start":10295.75,"end":10296.31},{"text":"of","start":10296.31,"end":10296.47},{"text":"the","start":10296.47,"end":10296.55},{"text":"resources,","start":10296.55,"end":10297.35},{"text":"territory,","start":10297.59,"end":10298.55},{"text":"and/or","start":10299.23,"end":10299.55},{"text":"future","start":10299.55,"end":10299.99},{"text":"of","start":10299.99,"end":10300.23},{"text":"another","start":10300.39,"end":10300.75},{"text":"people.","start":10300.75,"end":10301.19}]},{"text":"Force must never replace law, power must never replace justice, and the wealth of one nation must never become the pretext for the dispossession of another.","start":10301.67,"end":10315.03,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"Force","start":10301.67,"end":10302.23},{"text":"must","start":10302.23,"end":10302.59},{"text":"never","start":10302.59,"end":10303.19},{"text":"replace","start":10303.19,"end":10303.67},{"text":"law,","start":10303.75,"end":10304.07},{"text":"power","start":10304.95,"end":10305.51},{"text":"must","start":10305.51,"end":10305.91},{"text":"never","start":10305.91,"end":10306.47},{"text":"replace","start":10306.47,"end":10306.95},{"text":"justice,","start":10307.03,"end":10307.67},{"text":"and","start":10308.99,"end":10309.15},{"text":"the","start":10309.15,"end":10309.35},{"text":"wealth","start":10309.35,"end":10309.75},{"text":"of","start":10309.75,"end":10309.91},{"text":"one","start":10309.99,"end":10310.27},{"text":"nation","start":10310.27,"end":10310.79},{"text":"must","start":10310.79,"end":10311.23},{"text":"never","start":10311.27,"end":10311.67},{"text":"become","start":10311.67,"end":10312.15},{"text":"the","start":10312.15,"end":10312.31},{"text":"pretext","start":10312.31,"end":10312.95},{"text":"for","start":10313.27,"end":10313.43},{"text":"the","start":10313.43,"end":10313.59},{"text":"dispossession","start":10313.59,"end":10314.39},{"text":"of","start":10314.39,"end":10314.47},{"text":"another.","start":10314.47,"end":10315.03}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, The international patriotic pact must also be a pact for the right to development.","start":10315.99,"end":10323.79,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":10315.99,"end":10316.35},{"text":"and","start":10316.35,"end":10316.51},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":10316.51,"end":10317.03},{"text":"The","start":10317.51,"end":10317.59},{"text":"international","start":10317.59,"end":10318.19},{"text":"patriotic","start":10318.19,"end":10318.87},{"text":"pact","start":10318.87,"end":10319.39},{"text":"must","start":10319.79,"end":10320.03},{"text":"also","start":10320.03,"end":10320.51},{"text":"be","start":10320.51,"end":10321.07},{"text":"a","start":10321.23,"end":10321.39},{"text":"pact","start":10321.39,"end":10321.87},{"text":"for","start":10322.19,"end":10322.39},{"text":"the","start":10322.39,"end":10322.51},{"text":"right","start":10322.51,"end":10322.87},{"text":"to","start":10322.87,"end":10322.99},{"text":"development.","start":10322.99,"end":10323.79}]},{"text":"Every nation has the right to develop.","start":10325.15,"end":10327.31,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":10325.15,"end":10325.47},{"text":"nation","start":10325.47,"end":10325.87},{"text":"has","start":10325.87,"end":10326.11},{"text":"the","start":10326.11,"end":10326.19},{"text":"right","start":10326.19,"end":10326.63},{"text":"to","start":10326.63,"end":10326.71},{"text":"develop.","start":10326.71,"end":10327.31}]},{"text":"Every people has the right to value its resources.","start":10328.83,"end":10332.51,"topics":[{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":10328.83,"end":10329.15},{"text":"people","start":10329.15,"end":10329.71},{"text":"has","start":10329.95,"end":10330.27},{"text":"the","start":10330.27,"end":10330.43},{"text":"right","start":10330.43,"end":10330.87},{"text":"to","start":10330.87,"end":10331.07},{"text":"value","start":10331.07,"end":10331.43},{"text":"its","start":10331.43,"end":10331.71},{"text":"resources.","start":10331.71,"end":10332.51}]},{"text":"Every youth has the right to dream, to hope, and to build its future on its own land.","start":10333.47,"end":10341.95,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Every","start":10333.47,"end":10333.95},{"text":"youth","start":10333.95,"end":10334.31},{"text":"has","start":10334.83,"end":10335.15},{"text":"the","start":10335.15,"end":10335.31},{"text":"right","start":10335.31,"end":10335.67},{"text":"to","start":10335.67,"end":10335.75},{"text":"dream,","start":10335.75,"end":10336.27},{"text":"to","start":10336.59,"end":10336.75},{"text":"hope,","start":10336.75,"end":10337.15},{"text":"and","start":10337.63,"end":10337.83},{"text":"to","start":10337.83,"end":10337.95},{"text":"build","start":10337.95,"end":10338.27},{"text":"its","start":10338.27,"end":10338.51},{"text":"future","start":10338.83,"end":10339.55},{"text":"on","start":10340.43,"end":10340.75},{"text":"its","start":10340.75,"end":10341.15},{"text":"own","start":10341.15,"end":10341.47},{"text":"land.","start":10341.47,"end":10341.95}]},{"text":"Development must not be a favor granted to some and refused to others.","start":10342.87,"end":10349.11,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":10342.87,"end":10343.39},{"text":"must","start":10343.43,"end":10343.67},{"text":"not","start":10343.67,"end":10344.15},{"text":"be","start":10344.31,"end":10344.79},{"text":"a","start":10344.87,"end":10344.95},{"text":"favor","start":10345.03,"end":10345.67},{"text":"granted","start":10345.67,"end":10346.19},{"text":"to","start":10346.19,"end":10346.47},{"text":"some","start":10346.47,"end":10347.03},{"text":"and","start":10347.59,"end":10347.83},{"text":"refused","start":10347.83,"end":10348.31},{"text":"to","start":10348.31,"end":10348.47},{"text":"others.","start":10348.47,"end":10349.11}]},{"text":"Development is a right.","start":10349.59,"end":10351.35,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Development","start":10349.59,"end":10350.31},{"text":"is","start":10350.39,"end":10350.63},{"text":"a","start":10350.63,"end":10350.71},{"text":"right.","start":10350.71,"end":10351.35}]},{"text":"Sovereignty is a right.","start":10352.15,"end":10354.55,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Sovereignty","start":10352.15,"end":10353.11},{"text":"is","start":10353.43,"end":10353.75},{"text":"a","start":10353.83,"end":10353.91},{"text":"right.","start":10353.91,"end":10354.55}]},{"text":"Dignity is a right.","start":10355.75,"end":10357.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dignity","start":10355.75,"end":10356.55},{"text":"is","start":10356.95,"end":10357.15},{"text":"a","start":10357.15,"end":10357.19},{"text":"right.","start":10357.19,"end":10357.75}]},{"text":"And peace is a universal right.","start":10358.63,"end":10361.03,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10358.63,"end":10358.91},{"text":"peace","start":10358.95,"end":10359.51},{"text":"is","start":10359.67,"end":10359.91},{"text":"a","start":10359.91,"end":10359.99},{"text":"universal","start":10359.99,"end":10360.63},{"text":"right.","start":10360.63,"end":10361.03}]},{"text":"In this regard, allow me to speak of my country, Burkina Faso, and of the patriotic and sovereignist dynamic engaged under the leadership of Comrade Ibrahim Traore.","start":10362.47,"end":10378.59,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. 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They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"Burkina","start":10379.35,"end":10379.67},{"text":"Faso","start":10379.67,"end":10380.19},{"text":"is","start":10380.27,"end":10380.67},{"text":"today","start":10380.75,"end":10381.19},{"text":"engaged","start":10381.19,"end":10381.83},{"text":"in","start":10381.95,"end":10382.15},{"text":"a","start":10382.15,"end":10382.19},{"text":"march","start":10382.19,"end":10382.83},{"text":"that","start":10382.99,"end":10383.31},{"text":"places","start":10383.31,"end":10383.87},{"text":"at","start":10384.83,"end":10386.43},{"text":"the","start":10386.59,"end":10386.99},{"text":"heart","start":10386.99,"end":10387.27},{"text":"of","start":10387.27,"end":10387.39},{"text":"its","start":10387.39,"end":10387.63},{"text":"action","start":10387.63,"end":10388.11},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":10388.11,"end":10388.83},{"text":"national","start":10389.15,"end":10389.55},{"text":"dignity,","start":10389.55,"end":10390.27},{"text":"the","start":10390.43,"end":10390.59},{"text":"defense","start":10390.59,"end":10391.07},{"text":"of","start":10391.07,"end":10391.31},{"text":"the","start":10391.63,"end":10391.75},{"text":"people's","start":10391.79,"end":10392.19},{"text":"interests,","start":10392.19,"end":10392.59},{"text":"and","start":10392.59,"end":10392.79},{"text":"the","start":10392.79,"end":10392.91},{"text":"will","start":10392.91,"end":10393.39},{"text":"to","start":10393.39,"end":10393.55},{"text":"build","start":10393.55,"end":10393.87},{"text":"a","start":10393.87,"end":10394.03},{"text":"future","start":10394.03,"end":10394.67},{"text":"based","start":10394.67,"end":10394.99},{"text":"on","start":10394.99,"end":10395.15},{"text":"our","start":10395.15,"end":10395.39},{"text":"own","start":10395.39,"end":10395.55},{"text":"capacities.","start":10395.55,"end":10396.35}]},{"text":"This dynamic goes in our eyes beyond the borders of Burkina Faso.","start":10397.03,"end":10401.27,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10507.43,"end":10507.71},{"text":"want","start":10507.71,"end":10507.95},{"text":"to","start":10507.95,"end":10508.07},{"text":"make","start":10508.07,"end":10508.31},{"text":"our","start":10508.31,"end":10508.51},{"text":"next","start":10508.55,"end":10509.03},{"text":"World","start":10509.03,"end":10509.35},{"text":"Youth","start":10509.43,"end":10509.83},{"text":"Colloquium,","start":10510.15,"end":10510.95},{"text":"which","start":10511.55,"end":10511.91},{"text":"will","start":10511.91,"end":10512.07},{"text":"be","start":10512.07,"end":10512.23},{"text":"held","start":10512.23,"end":10512.79},{"text":"in","start":10512.95,"end":10513.35},{"text":"Ouagadougou","start":10514.23,"end":10515.67},{"text":"next","start":10515.67,"end":10516.15},{"text":"December,","start":10516.15,"end":10516.71},{"text":"a","start":10516.71,"end":10516.87},{"text":"great","start":10516.87,"end":10517.19},{"text":"gathering","start":10517.19,"end":10517.83},{"text":"for","start":10517.83,"end":10518.23},{"text":"mobilization,","start":10518.23,"end":10519.19},{"text":"reflection,","start":10519.51,"end":10520.31},{"text":"and","start":10520.55,"end":10520.99},{"text":"commitment","start":10521.03,"end":10521.75},{"text":"around","start":10521.83,"end":10522.27},{"text":"this","start":10522.27,"end":10522.55},{"text":"vision.","start":10523.19,"end":10523.75}]},{"text":"We invite here young people, civil society organizations, leaders, intellectuals, development actors, and all progressive forces of the world to join us.","start":10524.23,"end":10535.35,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."},{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10524.23,"end":10524.55},{"text":"invite","start":10524.55,"end":10524.91},{"text":"here","start":10524.95,"end":10525.51},{"text":"young","start":10525.59,"end":10525.83},{"text":"people,","start":10525.83,"end":10526.31},{"text":"civil","start":10526.31,"end":10526.67},{"text":"society","start":10526.67,"end":10527.15},{"text":"organizations,","start":10527.15,"end":10527.99},{"text":"leaders,","start":10528.55,"end":10529.11},{"text":"intellectuals,","start":10529.35,"end":10530.31},{"text":"development","start":10530.59,"end":10531.15},{"text":"actors,","start":10531.15,"end":10531.75},{"text":"and","start":10531.83,"end":10532.15},{"text":"all","start":10532.15,"end":10532.47},{"text":"progressive","start":10532.47,"end":10533.07},{"text":"forces","start":10533.07,"end":10533.75},{"text":"of","start":10534.07,"end":10534.27},{"text":"the","start":10534.27,"end":10534.39},{"text":"world","start":10534.39,"end":10534.59},{"text":"to","start":10534.59,"end":10534.71},{"text":"join","start":10534.71,"end":10535.11},{"text":"us.","start":10535.11,"end":10535.35}]},{"text":"Our GA DOGO must be the place where generation sets clearly.","start":10537.35,"end":10542.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10537.35,"end":10537.47},{"text":"GA","start":10537.55,"end":10537.67},{"text":"DOGO","start":10537.75,"end":10538.47},{"text":"must","start":10538.71,"end":10538.99},{"text":"be","start":10538.99,"end":10539.15},{"text":"the","start":10539.15,"end":10539.27},{"text":"place","start":10539.27,"end":10539.83},{"text":"where","start":10540.03,"end":10540.39},{"text":"generation","start":10540.39,"end":10541.27},{"text":"sets","start":10541.27,"end":10541.83},{"text":"clearly.","start":10542.15,"end":10542.79}]},{"text":"We want a world founded on the dignity of peoples, the sovereignty of nations, the right to development and peace.","start":10543.59,"end":10551.83,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."},{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10543.59,"end":10543.83},{"text":"want","start":10545.03,"end":10545.47},{"text":"a","start":10545.47,"end":10545.51},{"text":"world","start":10545.51,"end":10545.91},{"text":"founded","start":10545.91,"end":10546.47},{"text":"on","start":10546.47,"end":10546.71},{"text":"the","start":10546.71,"end":10546.87},{"text":"dignity","start":10546.87,"end":10547.23},{"text":"of","start":10547.23,"end":10547.35},{"text":"peoples,","start":10547.35,"end":10547.91},{"text":"the","start":10548.07,"end":10548.31},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10548.31,"end":10548.87},{"text":"of","start":10548.87,"end":10549.11},{"text":"nations,","start":10549.11,"end":10549.67},{"text":"the","start":10549.83,"end":10549.99},{"text":"right","start":10549.99,"end":10550.35},{"text":"to","start":10550.35,"end":10550.47},{"text":"development","start":10550.47,"end":10551.11},{"text":"and","start":10551.19,"end":10551.43},{"text":"peace.","start":10551.43,"end":10551.83}]},{"text":"Dear citizens of the world, dear leaders, dear development actors, dear members of the Apple.","start":10554.71,"end":10560.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dear","start":10554.71,"end":10554.99},{"text":"citizens","start":10555.35,"end":10555.91},{"text":"of","start":10555.91,"end":10556.07},{"text":"the","start":10556.07,"end":10556.15},{"text":"world,","start":10556.15,"end":10556.47},{"text":"dear","start":10556.47,"end":10556.75},{"text":"leaders,","start":10556.75,"end":10557.35},{"text":"dear","start":10557.59,"end":10557.79},{"text":"development","start":10557.79,"end":10558.23},{"text":"actors,","start":10558.23,"end":10558.71},{"text":"dear","start":10558.71,"end":10558.95},{"text":"members","start":10558.95,"end":10559.35},{"text":"of","start":10559.35,"end":10559.51},{"text":"the","start":10559.99,"end":10560.11},{"text":"Apple.","start":10560.39,"end":10560.87}]},{"text":"In considering interest in the leadership of the intellectual patriotic pack to comrade Abraham, we want beyond a person to highlight a dynamic that places youth, sovereignty and the dignity of peoples at the heart of international debates.","start":10561.51,"end":10578.07,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."},{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10561.51,"end":10561.91},{"text":"considering","start":10562.07,"end":10562.95},{"text":"interest","start":10563.51,"end":10564.23},{"text":"in","start":10564.23,"end":10564.35},{"text":"the","start":10564.35,"end":10564.47},{"text":"leadership","start":10564.47,"end":10564.87},{"text":"of","start":10564.87,"end":10565.03},{"text":"the","start":10565.03,"end":10565.15},{"text":"intellectual","start":10565.15,"end":10565.75},{"text":"patriotic","start":10565.75,"end":10566.47},{"text":"pack","start":10566.47,"end":10566.71},{"text":"to","start":10566.71,"end":10567.03},{"text":"comrade","start":10567.03,"end":10567.59},{"text":"Abraham,","start":10568.07,"end":10568.71},{"text":"we","start":10568.87,"end":10569.11},{"text":"want","start":10569.11,"end":10569.51},{"text":"beyond","start":10569.51,"end":10569.91},{"text":"a","start":10569.91,"end":10569.99},{"text":"person","start":10569.99,"end":10570.47},{"text":"to","start":10570.47,"end":10570.59},{"text":"highlight","start":10570.59,"end":10571.11},{"text":"a","start":10571.11,"end":10571.19},{"text":"dynamic","start":10571.19,"end":10571.83},{"text":"that","start":10571.91,"end":10572.15},{"text":"places","start":10572.15,"end":10572.71},{"text":"youth,","start":10572.79,"end":10573.15},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10573.15,"end":10573.99},{"text":"and","start":10573.99,"end":10574.27},{"text":"the","start":10574.27,"end":10574.35},{"text":"dignity","start":10574.35,"end":10575.03},{"text":"of","start":10575.03,"end":10575.27},{"text":"peoples","start":10575.43,"end":10575.91},{"text":"at","start":10575.91,"end":10576.07},{"text":"the","start":10576.07,"end":10576.23},{"text":"heart","start":10576.23,"end":10576.55},{"text":"of","start":10576.55,"end":10576.63},{"text":"international","start":10576.63,"end":10577.35},{"text":"debates.","start":10577.59,"end":10578.07}]},{"text":"But beyond men and leaders, this struggle must be that of peoples, for a true international pact can only be durably carried by a collective conscience.","start":10578.79,"end":10590.31,"topics":[{"key":"multilateralism-reform","label":"Multilateralism and International Order Reform","description":"Several interventions called for a more democratic, equitable, and rules-based international system grounded in sovereign equality. This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":10578.79,"end":10578.87},{"text":"beyond","start":10578.87,"end":10579.43},{"text":"men","start":10579.43,"end":10579.75},{"text":"and","start":10579.75,"end":10580.27},{"text":"leaders,","start":10580.27,"end":10580.63},{"text":"this","start":10580.63,"end":10580.83},{"text":"struggle","start":10580.83,"end":10581.27},{"text":"must","start":10581.27,"end":10581.55},{"text":"be","start":10581.55,"end":10581.75},{"text":"that","start":10581.75,"end":10582.03},{"text":"of","start":10582.03,"end":10582.15},{"text":"peoples,","start":10582.15,"end":10582.71},{"text":"for","start":10583.03,"end":10583.31},{"text":"a","start":10583.31,"end":10583.35},{"text":"true","start":10583.35,"end":10583.59},{"text":"international","start":10583.59,"end":10584.47},{"text":"pact","start":10584.47,"end":10585.03},{"text":"can","start":10585.99,"end":10586.31},{"text":"only","start":10586.31,"end":10586.63},{"text":"be","start":10586.63,"end":10586.95},{"text":"durably","start":10586.95,"end":10587.75},{"text":"carried","start":10587.75,"end":10588.15},{"text":"by","start":10588.15,"end":10588.47},{"text":"a","start":10588.87,"end":10588.91},{"text":"collective","start":10588.91,"end":10589.51},{"text":"conscience.","start":10589.51,"end":10590.31}]},{"text":"We must therefore work hand in hand beyond borders, continents and differences, so that every nation can access peace, development and benefit equitably from the wealth it possesses.","start":10590.55,"end":10602.23,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."},{"key":"resource-sovereignty","label":"Resource Sovereignty and Equitable Development","description":"Some speakers emphasized that countries, especially in Africa, should control, process, and benefit fairly from their own natural resources. They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10590.55,"end":10590.67},{"text":"must","start":10590.71,"end":10590.95},{"text":"therefore","start":10590.95,"end":10591.47},{"text":"work","start":10591.47,"end":10591.83},{"text":"hand","start":10591.83,"end":10591.99},{"text":"in","start":10591.99,"end":10592.15},{"text":"hand","start":10592.15,"end":10592.47},{"text":"beyond","start":10592.55,"end":10592.95},{"text":"borders,","start":10592.95,"end":10593.43},{"text":"continents","start":10593.75,"end":10594.47},{"text":"and","start":10594.47,"end":10594.67},{"text":"differences,","start":10594.67,"end":10595.35},{"text":"so","start":10595.51,"end":10595.67},{"text":"that","start":10595.67,"end":10595.91},{"text":"every","start":10595.91,"end":10596.15},{"text":"nation","start":10596.15,"end":10596.71},{"text":"can","start":10596.79,"end":10597.19},{"text":"access","start":10597.19,"end":10597.59},{"text":"peace,","start":10597.59,"end":10597.99},{"text":"development","start":10598.11,"end":10598.71},{"text":"and","start":10598.71,"end":10598.87},{"text":"benefit","start":10598.87,"end":10599.43},{"text":"equitably","start":10599.51,"end":10600.07},{"text":"from","start":10600.07,"end":10600.39},{"text":"the","start":10600.39,"end":10600.47},{"text":"wealth","start":10600.47,"end":10600.87},{"text":"it","start":10601.19,"end":10601.43},{"text":"possesses.","start":10601.51,"end":10602.23}]},{"text":"We are not asking for a world without differences, we demand a world without dominance.","start":10602.47,"end":10607.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10602.47,"end":10602.63},{"text":"are","start":10602.63,"end":10602.71},{"text":"not","start":10602.71,"end":10602.99},{"text":"asking","start":10602.99,"end":10603.27},{"text":"for","start":10603.27,"end":10603.47},{"text":"a","start":10603.47,"end":10603.51},{"text":"world","start":10603.51,"end":10603.83},{"text":"without","start":10603.83,"end":10604.43},{"text":"differences,","start":10604.43,"end":10605.03},{"text":"we","start":10605.19,"end":10605.39},{"text":"demand","start":10605.39,"end":10605.75},{"text":"a","start":10605.75,"end":10605.83},{"text":"world","start":10605.83,"end":10606.23},{"text":"without","start":10606.23,"end":10606.63},{"text":"dominance.","start":10606.63,"end":10607.43}]},{"text":"We are not asking that all nations be identical.","start":10607.51,"end":10610.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10607.51,"end":10607.71},{"text":"are","start":10607.71,"end":10607.79},{"text":"not","start":10607.79,"end":10608.19},{"text":"asking","start":10608.19,"end":10608.55},{"text":"that","start":10608.71,"end":10608.95},{"text":"all","start":10609.03,"end":10609.19},{"text":"nations","start":10609.19,"end":10609.71},{"text":"be","start":10609.71,"end":10609.91},{"text":"identical.","start":10609.91,"end":10610.63}]},{"text":"We want all nations to be respected.","start":10610.63,"end":10612.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10610.63,"end":10610.79},{"text":"want","start":10610.79,"end":10611.19},{"text":"all","start":10611.19,"end":10611.43},{"text":"nations","start":10611.43,"end":10611.91},{"text":"to","start":10611.91,"end":10612.03},{"text":"be","start":10612.03,"end":10612.23},{"text":"respected.","start":10612.23,"end":10612.91}]},{"text":"We are not claiming privileges.","start":10612.95,"end":10614.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10612.95,"end":10613.11},{"text":"are","start":10613.11,"end":10613.19},{"text":"not","start":10613.19,"end":10613.43},{"text":"claiming","start":10613.43,"end":10613.99},{"text":"privileges.","start":10613.99,"end":10614.79}]},{"text":"We are claiming justice, equity, and the right of every people to decide freely its destiny.","start":10615.11,"end":10623.19,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10615.11,"end":10615.35},{"text":"are","start":10615.35,"end":10615.51},{"text":"claiming","start":10615.51,"end":10616.07},{"text":"justice,","start":10616.07,"end":10616.71},{"text":"equity,","start":10617.11,"end":10617.67},{"text":"and","start":10617.75,"end":10617.95},{"text":"the","start":10617.95,"end":10618.03},{"text":"right","start":10618.03,"end":10618.31},{"text":"of","start":10618.31,"end":10618.47},{"text":"every","start":10618.55,"end":10618.87},{"text":"people","start":10618.87,"end":10619.35},{"text":"to","start":10619.59,"end":10619.75},{"text":"decide","start":10619.75,"end":10620.15},{"text":"freely","start":10620.15,"end":10620.79},{"text":"its","start":10621.11,"end":10621.43},{"text":"destiny.","start":10622.39,"end":10623.19}]},{"text":"Ladies and gentlemen, history is watching us, and history can judge our generation on a simple question.","start":10628.47,"end":10636.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ladies","start":10628.47,"end":10628.87},{"text":"and","start":10628.87,"end":10629.03},{"text":"gentlemen,","start":10629.03,"end":10629.67},{"text":"history","start":10630.07,"end":10630.55},{"text":"is","start":10630.55,"end":10630.79},{"text":"watching","start":10630.79,"end":10631.19},{"text":"us,","start":10631.19,"end":10631.43},{"text":"and","start":10631.99,"end":10632.19},{"text":"history","start":10632.19,"end":10632.63},{"text":"can","start":10632.63,"end":10633.03},{"text":"judge","start":10633.59,"end":10634.07},{"text":"our","start":10634.07,"end":10634.39},{"text":"generation","start":10634.39,"end":10635.11},{"text":"on","start":10635.11,"end":10635.31},{"text":"a","start":10635.31,"end":10635.35},{"text":"simple","start":10635.35,"end":10635.75},{"text":"question.","start":10635.75,"end":10636.39}]},{"text":"Have we accepted the world as it was, or have we had the courage to contribute to building the world as it should be?","start":10636.95,"end":10645.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Have","start":10636.95,"end":10637.27},{"text":"we","start":10637.27,"end":10637.43},{"text":"accepted","start":10637.43,"end":10637.95},{"text":"the","start":10637.95,"end":10638.07},{"text":"world","start":10638.07,"end":10638.47},{"text":"as","start":10638.63,"end":10638.95},{"text":"it","start":10639.11,"end":10639.27},{"text":"was,","start":10639.27,"end":10639.75},{"text":"or","start":10640.07,"end":10640.31},{"text":"have","start":10640.31,"end":10640.55},{"text":"we","start":10640.55,"end":10640.79},{"text":"had","start":10640.79,"end":10641.19},{"text":"the","start":10641.19,"end":10641.43},{"text":"courage","start":10641.43,"end":10641.99},{"text":"to","start":10642.23,"end":10642.35},{"text":"contribute","start":10642.35,"end":10643.07},{"text":"to","start":10643.07,"end":10643.19},{"text":"building","start":10643.19,"end":10643.55},{"text":"the","start":10643.55,"end":10643.67},{"text":"world","start":10643.67,"end":10643.99},{"text":"as","start":10644.15,"end":10644.31},{"text":"it","start":10644.31,"end":10644.55},{"text":"should","start":10644.55,"end":10644.95},{"text":"be?","start":10644.95,"end":10645.27}]},{"text":"Our general world has made its choice.","start":10647.19,"end":10649.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":10647.19,"end":10647.35},{"text":"general","start":10647.35,"end":10647.95},{"text":"world","start":10647.95,"end":10648.31},{"text":"has","start":10648.31,"end":10648.63},{"text":"made","start":10648.63,"end":10648.87},{"text":"its","start":10648.87,"end":10649.11},{"text":"choice.","start":10649.11,"end":10649.67}]},{"text":"We choose sovereignty, we choose dignity, we choose solidarity between peoples, we choose the right to development, we choose peace.","start":10650.31,"end":10664.39,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10650.31,"end":10650.55},{"text":"choose","start":10650.55,"end":10651.11},{"text":"sovereignty,","start":10651.59,"end":10652.31},{"text":"we","start":10653.11,"end":10653.43},{"text":"choose","start":10653.43,"end":10653.91},{"text":"dignity,","start":10654.39,"end":10655.03},{"text":"we","start":10655.91,"end":10656.15},{"text":"choose","start":10656.15,"end":10656.63},{"text":"solidarity","start":10656.79,"end":10657.67},{"text":"between","start":10658.07,"end":10658.63},{"text":"peoples,","start":10658.79,"end":10659.43},{"text":"we","start":10660.47,"end":10660.63},{"text":"choose","start":10660.63,"end":10661.03},{"text":"the","start":10661.03,"end":10661.19},{"text":"right","start":10661.19,"end":10661.71},{"text":"to","start":10661.71,"end":10661.83},{"text":"development,","start":10661.83,"end":10662.63},{"text":"we","start":10663.27,"end":10663.51},{"text":"choose","start":10663.51,"end":10663.91},{"text":"peace.","start":10663.91,"end":10664.39}]},{"text":"and we are determined to carry high and loud this irreversible, necessary, and historical march.","start":10665.47,"end":10673.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"and","start":10665.47,"end":10665.63},{"text":"we","start":10665.63,"end":10665.95},{"text":"are","start":10665.95,"end":10666.03},{"text":"determined","start":10666.03,"end":10666.91},{"text":"to","start":10667.07,"end":10667.23},{"text":"carry","start":10667.23,"end":10667.71},{"text":"high","start":10667.71,"end":10668.11},{"text":"and","start":10668.11,"end":10668.43},{"text":"loud","start":10668.43,"end":10668.75},{"text":"this","start":10669.15,"end":10669.47},{"text":"irreversible,","start":10669.71,"end":10670.91},{"text":"necessary,","start":10670.91,"end":10671.71},{"text":"and","start":10671.71,"end":10671.95},{"text":"historical","start":10671.95,"end":10672.59},{"text":"march.","start":10672.59,"end":10673.15}]},{"text":"Long live the international patriotic pact.","start":10673.63,"end":10676.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Long","start":10673.63,"end":10673.91},{"text":"live","start":10673.91,"end":10674.27},{"text":"the","start":10674.43,"end":10674.51},{"text":"international","start":10674.51,"end":10675.07},{"text":"patriotic","start":10675.07,"end":10675.79},{"text":"pact.","start":10675.79,"end":10676.27}]},{"text":"Long live the sovereignty and dignity of peoples.","start":10676.51,"end":10680.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Long","start":10676.51,"end":10676.75},{"text":"live","start":10676.75,"end":10676.99},{"text":"the","start":10677.63,"end":10677.87},{"text":"sovereignty","start":10677.95,"end":10678.67},{"text":"and","start":10678.67,"end":10678.95},{"text":"dignity","start":10678.95,"end":10679.47},{"text":"of","start":10679.47,"end":10679.63},{"text":"peoples.","start":10679.63,"end":10680.35}]},{"text":"Long live the engaged youth of the world, and may peace triumph among nations.","start":10680.75,"end":10687.15,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"Long","start":10680.75,"end":10681.07},{"text":"live","start":10681.11,"end":10681.39},{"text":"the","start":10681.55,"end":10681.75},{"text":"engaged","start":10681.87,"end":10682.51},{"text":"youth","start":10682.67,"end":10683.03},{"text":"of","start":10683.07,"end":10683.47},{"text":"the","start":10683.47,"end":10683.71},{"text":"world,","start":10683.71,"end":10684.19},{"text":"and","start":10684.43,"end":10684.67},{"text":"may","start":10684.67,"end":10684.91},{"text":"peace","start":10684.91,"end":10685.39},{"text":"triumph","start":10685.39,"end":10686.11},{"text":"among","start":10686.39,"end":10686.63},{"text":"nations.","start":10686.63,"end":10687.15}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":10687.23,"end":10688.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10687.23,"end":10687.39},{"text":"thank","start":10687.39,"end":10687.79},{"text":"you.","start":10687.79,"end":10688.03}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Zita Abraham-Billa","affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":14,"start":10695.79,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k18/k18iyx0b03?lang=en&t=2:58:16","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":10695.79,"end":10696.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10695.79,"end":10695.99},{"text":"you","start":10695.99,"end":10696.07},{"text":"very","start":10696.07,"end":10696.27},{"text":"much.","start":10696.27,"end":10696.67}]},{"text":"Next, please welcome Apple co-initiator, founder of the World Human Rights Council, Mr. Ravuri Bala Raju to address us.","start":10698.19,"end":10713.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next,","start":10698.19,"end":10698.51},{"text":"please","start":10699.23,"end":10699.47},{"text":"welcome","start":10700.03,"end":10700.67},{"text":"Apple","start":10704.59,"end":10704.91},{"text":"co-initiator,","start":10704.91,"end":10705.71},{"text":"founder","start":10705.71,"end":10706.11},{"text":"of","start":10706.11,"end":10706.23},{"text":"the","start":10706.23,"end":10706.35},{"text":"World","start":10706.35,"end":10706.75},{"text":"Human","start":10706.75,"end":10707.07},{"text":"Rights","start":10707.07,"end":10707.39},{"text":"Council,","start":10707.39,"end":10708.03},{"text":"Mr.","start":10709.55,"end":10710.19},{"text":"Ravuri","start":10710.43,"end":10711.23},{"text":"Bala","start":10711.47,"end":10711.83},{"text":"Raju","start":10711.95,"end":10712.67},{"text":"to","start":10712.83,"end":10713.23},{"text":"address","start":10713.43,"end":10713.79},{"text":"us.","start":10713.79,"end":10713.87}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Gwade 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everyone.","start":10726.99,"end":10727.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hello,","start":10726.99,"end":10727.39},{"text":"everyone.","start":10727.39,"end":10727.95}]},{"text":"I am Dr. Ravuri Bala Raju from India, founder and national chairman, World Human Rights Council, and co-initiator, IPPPO, India.","start":10728.43,"end":10740.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10728.43,"end":10728.59},{"text":"am","start":10728.59,"end":10728.83},{"text":"Dr.","start":10728.83,"end":10729.15},{"text":"Ravuri","start":10729.15,"end":10729.55},{"text":"Bala","start":10729.55,"end":10729.87},{"text":"Raju","start":10729.87,"end":10730.27},{"text":"from","start":10731.79,"end":10732.03},{"text":"India,","start":10732.03,"end":10732.51},{"text":"founder","start":10733.23,"end":10733.67},{"text":"and","start":10733.67,"end":10733.83},{"text":"national","start":10733.83,"end":10734.19},{"text":"chairman,","start":10734.19,"end":10734.75},{"text":"World","start":10734.99,"end":10735.31},{"text":"Human","start":10735.31,"end":10735.59},{"text":"Rights","start":10735.59,"end":10735.79},{"text":"Council,","start":10735.79,"end":10736.43},{"text":"and","start":10737.15,"end":10737.55},{"text":"co-initiator,","start":10737.79,"end":10738.67},{"text":"IPPPO,","start":10739.03,"end":10739.87},{"text":"India.","start":10740.19,"end":10740.75}]},{"text":"It's a great honor to gather here with you today.","start":10741.47,"end":10744.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":10741.47,"end":10741.71},{"text":"a","start":10741.71,"end":10741.75},{"text":"great","start":10741.75,"end":10742.03},{"text":"honor","start":10742.03,"end":10742.27},{"text":"to","start":10742.27,"end":10742.43},{"text":"gather","start":10742.43,"end":10742.91},{"text":"here","start":10743.39,"end":10743.71},{"text":"with","start":10743.71,"end":10743.87},{"text":"you","start":10743.87,"end":10744.11},{"text":"today.","start":10744.43,"end":10744.83}]},{"text":"Standing on this incredible land of Nairobi, we cannot only feel the pulse of the African continent, but also hear the call for change from the Global South.","start":10745.71,"end":10762.39,"topics":[{"key":"global-south-voice","label":"Global South Representation","description":"Repeated remarks highlighted the need for stronger representation of developing countries and Global South institutions in international decision-making. Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"Standing","start":10745.71,"end":10746.27},{"text":"on","start":10746.27,"end":10746.59},{"text":"this","start":10748.19,"end":10748.51},{"text":"incredible","start":10748.51,"end":10749.11},{"text":"land","start":10749.11,"end":10749.39},{"text":"of","start":10749.39,"end":10749.55},{"text":"Nairobi,","start":10749.55,"end":10750.27},{"text":"we","start":10751.19,"end":10751.27},{"text":"cannot","start":10751.27,"end":10751.91},{"text":"only","start":10752.23,"end":10752.63},{"text":"feel","start":10752.63,"end":10752.95},{"text":"the","start":10752.95,"end":10753.27},{"text":"pulse","start":10753.59,"end":10753.91},{"text":"of","start":10753.91,"end":10754.15},{"text":"the","start":10755.27,"end":10755.47},{"text":"African","start":10755.47,"end":10755.99},{"text":"continent,","start":10755.99,"end":10756.79},{"text":"but","start":10757.59,"end":10757.91},{"text":"also","start":10757.91,"end":10758.47},{"text":"hear","start":10758.79,"end":10759.07},{"text":"the","start":10759.07,"end":10759.19},{"text":"call","start":10759.19,"end":10759.51},{"text":"for","start":10759.51,"end":10759.91},{"text":"change","start":10759.91,"end":10760.23},{"text":"from","start":10760.23,"end":10760.63},{"text":"the","start":10761.11,"end":10761.51},{"text":"Global","start":10761.59,"end":10762.07},{"text":"South.","start":10762.07,"end":10762.39}]},{"text":"Today, we are gathered here not to repeat old diplomatic rhetoric, but to respond to an urgent proposition of our times.","start":10763.11,"end":10775.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today,","start":10763.11,"end":10763.51},{"text":"we","start":10763.59,"end":10763.71},{"text":"are","start":10763.71,"end":10763.83},{"text":"gathered","start":10763.83,"end":10764.31},{"text":"here","start":10764.31,"end":10764.55},{"text":"not","start":10764.55,"end":10765.03},{"text":"to","start":10765.59,"end":10765.75},{"text":"repeat","start":10765.75,"end":10766.31},{"text":"old","start":10766.63,"end":10766.83},{"text":"diplomatic","start":10766.83,"end":10767.51},{"text":"rhetoric,","start":10768.63,"end":10769.27},{"text":"but","start":10769.91,"end":10770.39},{"text":"to","start":10770.95,"end":10771.11},{"text":"respond","start":10771.11,"end":10771.71},{"text":"to","start":10771.71,"end":10772.15},{"text":"an","start":10772.55,"end":10772.79},{"text":"urgent","start":10772.79,"end":10773.23},{"text":"proposition","start":10773.23,"end":10774.79},{"text":"of","start":10774.95,"end":10775.19},{"text":"our","start":10775.19,"end":10775.43},{"text":"times.","start":10775.43,"end":10775.99}]},{"text":"When the traditional international order fails, how should We, civil society organization, fill the future of global governance.","start":10776.39,"end":10785.91,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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This included support for renewed multilateralism, stronger respect for the UN Charter, and reforms to global institutions such as the United Nations and the Security Council."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":10776.39,"end":10776.63},{"text":"the","start":10776.63,"end":10776.71},{"text":"traditional","start":10776.71,"end":10777.23},{"text":"international","start":10777.23,"end":10777.79},{"text":"order","start":10777.79,"end":10778.07},{"text":"fails,","start":10778.07,"end":10778.63},{"text":"how","start":10779.43,"end":10779.75},{"text":"should","start":10779.83,"end":10780.23},{"text":"We,","start":10781.11,"end":10781.43},{"text":"civil","start":10781.67,"end":10781.99},{"text":"society","start":10781.99,"end":10782.39},{"text":"organization,","start":10782.39,"end":10783.27},{"text":"fill","start":10783.67,"end":10783.91},{"text":"the","start":10783.91,"end":10783.99},{"text":"future","start":10783.99,"end":10784.55},{"text":"of","start":10784.71,"end":10784.95},{"text":"global","start":10784.95,"end":10785.27},{"text":"governance.","start":10785.27,"end":10785.91}]},{"text":"Currently, we are witnessing a global landscape where sanctions and winding development gaps are becoming all too common.","start":10786.71,"end":10799.83,"topics":[{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":10830.39,"end":10830.87},{"text":"there","start":10830.87,"end":10831.19},{"text":"is","start":10831.35,"end":10831.55},{"text":"a","start":10831.55,"end":10831.59},{"text":"lack","start":10831.59,"end":10831.91},{"text":"of","start":10831.91,"end":10832.23},{"text":"effective","start":10832.31,"end":10832.91},{"text":"supervisory","start":10833.67,"end":10834.39},{"text":"mechanisms","start":10834.71,"end":10835.55},{"text":"and","start":10836.35,"end":10836.47},{"text":"the","start":10836.47,"end":10836.55},{"text":"existing","start":10836.55,"end":10836.99},{"text":"global","start":10836.99,"end":10837.39},{"text":"governance","start":10837.39,"end":10837.83},{"text":"system","start":10837.83,"end":10838.35},{"text":"suffer","start":10838.67,"end":10839.07},{"text":"from","start":10839.07,"end":10839.23},{"text":"the","start":10839.23,"end":10839.39},{"text":"high","start":10839.39,"end":10839.63},{"text":"entry","start":10839.63,"end":10840.11},{"text":"threshold,","start":10841.31,"end":10842.11},{"text":"insufficient","start":10842.35,"end":10843.07},{"text":"representation","start":10843.07,"end":10843.95},{"text":"and","start":10844.11,"end":10844.35},{"text":"control","start":10844.35,"end":10844.75},{"text":"by","start":10844.75,"end":10844.91},{"text":"the","start":10844.91,"end":10845.03},{"text":"few","start":10845.03,"end":10845.55},{"text":"hegemonic","start":10846.43,"end":10846.99},{"text":"powers","start":10846.99,"end":10847.55},{"text":"leading","start":10847.87,"end":10848.27},{"text":"to","start":10848.27,"end":10848.43},{"text":"the","start":10848.43,"end":10848.67},{"text":"indicate","start":10849.47,"end":10850.11},{"text":"participation","start":10850.11,"end":10850.91},{"text":"from","start":10850.91,"end":10851.15},{"text":"the","start":10851.15,"end":10851.27},{"text":"civil","start":10851.27,"end":10851.55},{"text":"society.","start":10851.55,"end":10852.19}]},{"text":"We must recognize two fundamental truths.","start":10852.75,"end":10855.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10852.75,"end":10852.99},{"text":"must","start":10852.99,"end":10853.31},{"text":"recognize","start":10853.31,"end":10853.95},{"text":"two","start":10854.11,"end":10854.31},{"text":"fundamental","start":10854.31,"end":10854.91},{"text":"truths.","start":10854.91,"end":10855.39}]},{"text":"If the world lacks universally recognized international patriotism, war will never cases.","start":10856.27,"end":10864.19,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"If","start":10856.27,"end":10856.47},{"text":"the","start":10856.47,"end":10856.67},{"text":"world","start":10856.67,"end":10857.03},{"text":"lacks","start":10857.03,"end":10857.47},{"text":"universally","start":10859.23,"end":10859.87},{"text":"recognized","start":10859.87,"end":10860.59},{"text":"international","start":10861.07,"end":10861.63},{"text":"patriotism,","start":10861.63,"end":10862.51},{"text":"war","start":10862.67,"end":10863.03},{"text":"will","start":10863.03,"end":10863.23},{"text":"never","start":10863.23,"end":10863.55},{"text":"cases.","start":10863.55,"end":10864.19}]},{"text":"If you global civil society does not set up to establish its own evaluation system, building a community with a shared future, mankind will lose its soil, grassroots foundation, and international justice will forever absent.","start":10864.59,"end":10885.55,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10886.67,"end":10886.99},{"text":"bearing","start":10887.95,"end":10888.43},{"text":"us","start":10888.43,"end":10888.83},{"text":"the","start":10889.15,"end":10889.39},{"text":"core","start":10889.39,"end":10889.71},{"text":"of","start":10889.71,"end":10890.03},{"text":"gathering,","start":10890.19,"end":10890.75},{"text":"reshaping","start":10891.07,"end":10891.71},{"text":"an","start":10891.71,"end":10891.87},{"text":"international","start":10891.87,"end":10892.55},{"text":"peace,","start":10892.55,"end":10892.99},{"text":"new","start":10893.39,"end":10893.63},{"text":"order.","start":10893.63,"end":10894.03}]},{"text":"Based on the principles in the international patriotic part of loving one's own country without harming other nation interest and recognize the nation's rights to the development as the foundation of human rights protection, we must take the deserve action.","start":10895.43,"end":10916.15,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. 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They criticized patterns in which resource-rich countries remain poor while outside powers or companies capture the gains from minerals, energy, and other assets."}],"words":[{"text":"Throughout","start":10917.11,"end":10917.47},{"text":"the","start":10917.47,"end":10917.59},{"text":"World","start":10917.59,"end":10917.83},{"text":"Human","start":10917.83,"end":10918.15},{"text":"Rights","start":10918.15,"end":10918.39},{"text":"Council,","start":10918.39,"end":10919.03},{"text":"we","start":10919.27,"end":10919.43},{"text":"have","start":10919.43,"end":10919.99},{"text":"a","start":10920.47,"end":10920.51},{"text":"fashion","start":10920.51,"end":10920.95},{"text":"that","start":10920.95,"end":10921.19},{"text":"human","start":10921.19,"end":10921.51},{"text":"rights","start":10921.51,"end":10921.91},{"text":"cannot","start":10922.07,"end":10922.39},{"text":"be","start":10922.39,"end":10922.47},{"text":"foolish,","start":10922.47,"end":10923.03},{"text":"a","start":10923.91,"end":10923.95},{"text":"vacuum","start":10923.95,"end":10924.47},{"text":"the","start":10924.47,"end":10924.71},{"text":"requires","start":10925.27,"end":10925.79},{"text":"sustainable","start":10925.79,"end":10926.75},{"text":"development,","start":10926.75,"end":10927.47},{"text":"ecological","start":10928.03,"end":10928.67},{"text":"preservation","start":10928.67,"end":10929.47},{"text":"and","start":10929.71,"end":10930.03},{"text":"equitable","start":10930.23,"end":10930.91},{"text":"resource","start":10930.91,"end":10931.39},{"text":"distribution.","start":10931.39,"end":10932.19}]},{"text":"To protect them rights globally, we must establish as independent civil society pact and civil reviews expert think tank.","start":10932.51,"end":10942.51,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."}],"words":[{"text":"Regarding","start":10943.15,"end":10943.63},{"text":"the","start":10943.63,"end":10943.79},{"text":"nation's","start":10943.87,"end":10944.51},{"text":"rights","start":10944.51,"end":10944.91},{"text":"development","start":10944.91,"end":10945.55},{"text":"review","start":10945.55,"end":10945.87},{"text":"mechanism","start":10945.87,"end":10946.59},{"text":"launched","start":10946.83,"end":10947.47},{"text":"at","start":10947.47,"end":10947.63},{"text":"this","start":10947.63,"end":10947.87},{"text":"forum,","start":10947.87,"end":10948.35},{"text":"I","start":10948.51,"end":10948.67},{"text":"suggest","start":10948.67,"end":10949.11},{"text":"starting","start":10949.11,"end":10949.51},{"text":"from","start":10949.51,"end":10949.95},{"text":"the","start":10950.27,"end":10950.47},{"text":"following","start":10950.47,"end":10951.15},{"text":"discrimination,","start":10951.63,"end":10952.35},{"text":"monitoring","start":10953.15,"end":10953.87},{"text":"and","start":10954.75,"end":10954.95},{"text":"evolution","start":10954.95,"end":10955.83},{"text":"and","start":10956.15,"end":10956.35},{"text":"expose.","start":10956.35,"end":10956.95}]},{"text":"Let us sign, implement the international patriotic part.","start":10957.51,"end":10961.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":10957.51,"end":10957.83},{"text":"us","start":10957.83,"end":10958.07},{"text":"sign,","start":10958.07,"end":10958.47},{"text":"implement","start":10958.63,"end":10959.27},{"text":"the","start":10959.27,"end":10959.59},{"text":"international","start":10960.07,"end":10960.67},{"text":"patriotic","start":10960.67,"end":10961.27},{"text":"part.","start":10961.27,"end":10961.75}]},{"text":"Let us bring the today concern back to our representative communities and establishment IPPO branches or liaison offices.","start":10962.23,"end":10972.87,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers argued that global governance should not be dominated by powerful states and should reflect the perspectives, needs, and lived realities of the Global South."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":10962.23,"end":10962.55},{"text":"us","start":10962.55,"end":10962.95},{"text":"bring","start":10963.03,"end":10963.35},{"text":"the","start":10963.35,"end":10963.43},{"text":"today","start":10963.43,"end":10963.99},{"text":"concern","start":10964.23,"end":10964.71},{"text":"back","start":10964.71,"end":10964.95},{"text":"to","start":10964.95,"end":10965.35},{"text":"our","start":10965.43,"end":10965.55},{"text":"representative","start":10965.55,"end":10966.43},{"text":"communities","start":10966.43,"end":10967.11},{"text":"and","start":10967.51,"end":10967.75},{"text":"establishment","start":10967.75,"end":10968.63},{"text":"IPPO","start":10969.43,"end":10970.07},{"text":"branches","start":10970.07,"end":10970.79},{"text":"or","start":10970.95,"end":10971.43},{"text":"liaison","start":10971.59,"end":10972.07},{"text":"offices.","start":10972.07,"end":10972.87}]},{"text":"Let us use power of the people, say no to in infradwell of development rights.","start":10973.35,"end":10981.35,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"in","start":11070.79,"end":11070.95},{"text":"this","start":11070.95,"end":11071.11},{"text":"world","start":11071.11,"end":11071.59},{"text":"that","start":11071.99,"end":11072.31},{"text":"is","start":11072.31,"end":11072.95},{"text":"inundated","start":11074.55,"end":11075.27},{"text":"with","start":11075.91,"end":11076.27},{"text":"crisis","start":11076.55,"end":11077.51},{"text":"and","start":11077.67,"end":11077.91},{"text":"bad","start":11077.91,"end":11078.11},{"text":"news.","start":11078.11,"end":11078.63}]},{"text":"So my oral statement titled, \"Poetic of Relations, an Ode to an Inclusive Global Peace.\"","start":11079.19,"end":11086.71,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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have an in-depth understanding of the communication channels needed by governments to promote partnerships, harm prevention, inclusion, and local 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our appreciation of people's culture and their social subjectivity, we can assist governments to categorize patriotism as a more elastic space, limiting the ripple effect of poorly informed policies.","start":11318.39,"end":11335.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"With","start":11318.39,"end":11318.63},{"text":"our","start":11318.71,"end":11319.03},{"text":"appreciation","start":11319.03,"end":11319.79},{"text":"of","start":11319.79,"end":11319.91},{"text":"people's","start":11319.91,"end":11320.43},{"text":"culture","start":11320.43,"end":11320.87},{"text":"and","start":11321.19,"end":11321.39},{"text":"their","start":11321.39,"end":11321.55},{"text":"social","start":11321.55,"end":11321.95},{"text":"subjectivity,","start":11321.95,"end":11322.79},{"text":"we","start":11323.11,"end":11323.35},{"text":"can","start":11323.35,"end":11323.59},{"text":"assist","start":11323.59,"end":11323.99},{"text":"governments","start":11323.99,"end":11324.71},{"text":"to","start":11325.75,"end":11326.15},{"text":"categorize","start":11326.23,"end":11326.91},{"text":"patriotism","start":11326.91,"end":11327.75},{"text":"as","start":11328.19,"end":11328.31},{"text":"a","start":11328.31,"end":11328.35},{"text":"more","start":11328.35,"end":11328.63},{"text":"elastic","start":11328.63,"end":11329.27},{"text":"space,","start":11329.27,"end":11329.83},{"text":"limiting","start":11330.31,"end":11330.95},{"text":"the","start":11331.59,"end":11331.79},{"text":"ripple","start":11331.79,"end":11332.11},{"text":"effect","start":11332.11,"end":11332.55},{"text":"of","start":11332.87,"end":11332.99},{"text":"poorly","start":11332.99,"end":11333.59},{"text":"informed","start":11333.59,"end":11334.35},{"text":"policies.","start":11334.63,"end":11335.27}]},{"text":"In Brooklyn, we use a variety of approaches, mostly based in the arts, to generate two novel streams of information, cultural antibody and emotional data.","start":11336.71,"end":11351.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":11336.71,"end":11336.87},{"text":"Brooklyn,","start":11336.87,"end":11337.43},{"text":"we","start":11338.15,"end":11338.39},{"text":"use","start":11338.39,"end":11338.87},{"text":"a","start":11339.91,"end":11339.95},{"text":"variety","start":11339.95,"end":11340.71},{"text":"of","start":11340.71,"end":11340.87},{"text":"approaches,","start":11340.87,"end":11341.51},{"text":"mostly","start":11342.39,"end":11342.95},{"text":"based","start":11342.95,"end":11343.35},{"text":"in","start":11343.35,"end":11343.51},{"text":"the","start":11343.51,"end":11343.63},{"text":"arts,","start":11343.63,"end":11344.15},{"text":"to","start":11344.87,"end":11344.99},{"text":"generate","start":11345.03,"end":11345.47},{"text":"two","start":11345.47,"end":11345.67},{"text":"novel","start":11345.67,"end":11345.99},{"text":"streams","start":11345.99,"end":11346.63},{"text":"of","start":11346.79,"end":11347.03},{"text":"information,","start":11347.03,"end":11347.75},{"text":"cultural","start":11348.63,"end":11349.07},{"text":"antibody","start":11349.07,"end":11349.75},{"text":"and","start":11350.23,"end":11350.51},{"text":"emotional","start":11350.51,"end":11351.11},{"text":"data.","start":11351.11,"end":11351.51}]},{"text":"Our organization emphasized that treating people with humanity and dignity, including one's own self, provides the necessary antibodies to overcome the fear of discrimination and social stigma, and to create a peaceful environment for personal growth and community empowerment.","start":11352.31,"end":11375.03,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign 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innovative curriculum curriculum allow us to gather and measure what we call emotional data, which refer to the tracking, measurement, and transformation of human emotional experience into a structured knowledge to assess a community's strength and challenges.","start":11376.23,"end":11398.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":11376.23,"end":11376.51},{"text":"innovative","start":11376.51,"end":11377.07},{"text":"curriculum","start":11377.07,"end":11377.67},{"text":"curriculum","start":11378.15,"end":11378.75},{"text":"allow","start":11378.91,"end":11379.31},{"text":"us","start":11379.31,"end":11379.47},{"text":"to","start":11379.47,"end":11379.55},{"text":"gather","start":11379.55,"end":11380.11},{"text":"and","start":11380.27,"end":11380.43},{"text":"measure","start":11380.43,"end":11380.99},{"text":"what","start":11381.19,"end":11381.51},{"text":"we","start":11381.51,"end":11381.63},{"text":"call","start":11381.63,"end":11382.11},{"text":"emotional","start":11382.43,"end":11383.23},{"text":"data,","start":11383.31,"end":11383.79},{"text":"which","start":11384.27,"end":11384.47},{"text":"refer","start":11384.51,"end":11384.99},{"text":"to","start":11384.99,"end":11385.07},{"text":"the","start":11385.39,"end":11385.47},{"text":"tracking,","start":11385.47,"end":11386.19},{"text":"measurement,","start":11386.43,"end":11387.15},{"text":"and","start":11387.39,"end":11387.59},{"text":"transformation","start":11387.59,"end":11388.43},{"text":"of","start":11388.75,"end":11388.91},{"text":"human","start":11388.91,"end":11389.31},{"text":"emotional","start":11389.31,"end":11389.71},{"text":"experience","start":11389.71,"end":11390.35},{"text":"into","start":11390.59,"end":11390.87},{"text":"a","start":11390.87,"end":11390.91},{"text":"structured","start":11390.91,"end":11391.43},{"text":"knowledge","start":11391.43,"end":11391.95},{"text":"to","start":11392.19,"end":11392.31},{"text":"assess","start":11392.31,"end":11392.91},{"text":"a","start":11393.39,"end":11393.43},{"text":"community's","start":11393.43,"end":11394.55},{"text":"strength","start":11395.47,"end":11396.03},{"text":"and","start":11396.67,"end":11397.27},{"text":"challenges.","start":11397.27,"end":11398.83}]},{"text":"As a result, we close the wellness gap among culturally diverse young people coming from low-income urban areas, diasporic communities, and people from peripheral 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organizations, such as mine and many others, can contribute to the civil society-led Nations Right to Development Review mechanism.","start":11415.51,"end":11426.23,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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They presented a new peace order as one that protects development, justice, and cooperation among sovereign nations."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":11480.91,"end":11480.95},{"text":"design","start":11480.95,"end":11481.63},{"text":"of","start":11481.79,"end":11482.03},{"text":"peace.","start":11482.03,"end":11482.43}]},{"text":"Nonetheless, we cannot be blind by optimism, ignoring thunder and lightning storm that may sink one ship.","start":11483.23,"end":11491.95,"topics":[{"key":"peace-and-development","label":"Peace and Development","description":"Speakers consistently linked peace with the right to development, arguing that war, armed force, and instability destroy the conditions needed for human welfare and national progress. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":11986.15,"end":11986.43},{"text":"one,","start":11986.43,"end":11986.63},{"text":"establishing","start":11987.27,"end":11987.99},{"text":"an","start":11987.99,"end":11988.23},{"text":"independent","start":11988.31,"end":11988.95},{"text":"civil","start":11988.95,"end":11989.43},{"text":"society","start":11989.43,"end":11990.07},{"text":"pact","start":11990.07,"end":11990.71},{"text":"as","start":11991.03,"end":11991.27},{"text":"a","start":11991.27,"end":11991.35},{"text":"civil","start":11991.35,"end":11991.67},{"text":"review","start":11991.67,"end":11992.03},{"text":"expert.","start":11992.15,"end":11992.87}]},{"text":"Number two, use the civil society power in our countries to fight against injustice and just international hegemonic blockade to fight.","start":11993.59,"end":12004.31,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."},{"key":"unilateral-sanctions","label":"Unilateral Sanctions and Hegemonic Practices","description":"A major theme was criticism of unilateral coercive measures, extraterritorial sanctions, export controls, and long-arm jurisdiction, especially when they harm other countries’ economies and populations. Several speakers described these practices as expressions of hegemony that undermine sovereignty and development."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":11993.59,"end":11993.99},{"text":"two,","start":11993.99,"end":11994.23},{"text":"use","start":11994.23,"end":11994.51},{"text":"the","start":11994.51,"end":11994.63},{"text":"civil","start":11994.63,"end":11995.03},{"text":"society","start":11995.03,"end":11995.51},{"text":"power","start":11995.51,"end":11995.83},{"text":"in","start":11995.91,"end":11996.07},{"text":"our","start":11996.07,"end":11996.39},{"text":"countries","start":11996.39,"end":11997.11},{"text":"to","start":11997.43,"end":11997.59},{"text":"fight","start":11997.59,"end":11997.99},{"text":"against","start":11997.99,"end":11998.43},{"text":"injustice","start":11998.47,"end":11999.59},{"text":"and","start":11999.99,"end":12000.23},{"text":"just","start":12000.23,"end":12000.43},{"text":"international","start":12000.43,"end":12001.67},{"text":"hegemonic","start":12001.67,"end":12002.39},{"text":"blockade","start":12002.47,"end":12003.27},{"text":"to","start":12003.79,"end":12003.99},{"text":"fight.","start":12003.99,"end":12004.31}]},{"text":"Let me repeat that word, to fight and just international hegemonic blockade.","start":12004.55,"end":12011.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":12004.55,"end":12004.95},{"text":"me","start":12004.95,"end":12005.07},{"text":"repeat","start":12005.07,"end":12005.35},{"text":"that","start":12005.35,"end":12005.59},{"text":"word,","start":12005.59,"end":12005.99},{"text":"to","start":12006.35,"end":12006.55},{"text":"fight","start":12006.55,"end":12007.19},{"text":"and","start":12007.27,"end":12007.67},{"text":"just","start":12007.67,"end":12008.15},{"text":"international","start":12008.15,"end":12009.15},{"text":"hegemonic","start":12009.15,"end":12009.99},{"text":"blockade.","start":12010.07,"end":12011.03}]},{"text":"Number three, mechanism suggestion.","start":12013.99,"end":12017.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":12013.99,"end":12014.31},{"text":"three,","start":12014.31,"end":12014.79},{"text":"mechanism","start":12015.75,"end":12016.47},{"text":"suggestion.","start":12016.47,"end":12017.11}]},{"text":"Regarding to the national right to development review mechanism launched at this forum, I suggest standing from the following.","start":12017.43,"end":12027.59,"topics":[{"key":"right-to-development","label":"Nations’ Right to Development","description":"Speakers repeatedly framed development as a fundamental right of sovereign states as well as a foundation for individual human rights. They argued that countries must be free to choose their own political, economic, social, and cultural development paths without external obstruction."},{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Regarding","start":12017.43,"end":12017.99},{"text":"to","start":12017.99,"end":12018.23},{"text":"the","start":12018.23,"end":12018.39},{"text":"national","start":12018.87,"end":12019.47},{"text":"right","start":12019.47,"end":12019.91},{"text":"to","start":12019.95,"end":12020.03},{"text":"development","start":12020.07,"end":12020.79},{"text":"review","start":12020.79,"end":12021.11},{"text":"mechanism","start":12021.11,"end":12021.75},{"text":"launched","start":12021.91,"end":12022.47},{"text":"at","start":12022.47,"end":12022.71},{"text":"this","start":12022.71,"end":12022.95},{"text":"forum,","start":12022.95,"end":12024.27},{"text":"I","start":12024.63,"end":12024.79},{"text":"suggest","start":12024.79,"end":12025.43},{"text":"standing","start":12025.75,"end":12026.31},{"text":"from","start":12026.31,"end":12026.55},{"text":"the","start":12026.63,"end":12026.71},{"text":"following.","start":12026.71,"end":12027.59}]},{"text":"From the following dimension, number one, monitoring, how to collect the most direct and authentic data from civil society.","start":12032.23,"end":12042.07,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":12032.23,"end":12032.47},{"text":"the","start":12032.47,"end":12032.63},{"text":"following","start":12032.63,"end":12033.19},{"text":"dimension,","start":12033.59,"end":12034.31},{"text":"number","start":12034.39,"end":12034.71},{"text":"one,","start":12034.71,"end":12035.03},{"text":"monitoring,","start":12036.31,"end":12037.03},{"text":"how","start":12037.35,"end":12037.59},{"text":"to","start":12037.59,"end":12037.75},{"text":"collect","start":12037.75,"end":12038.07},{"text":"the","start":12038.07,"end":12038.23},{"text":"most","start":12038.23,"end":12038.55},{"text":"direct","start":12038.55,"end":12039.03},{"text":"and","start":12039.27,"end":12039.59},{"text":"authentic","start":12039.83,"end":12040.55},{"text":"data","start":12040.55,"end":12040.87},{"text":"from","start":12040.87,"end":12041.11},{"text":"civil","start":12041.11,"end":12041.43},{"text":"society.","start":12041.43,"end":12042.07}]},{"text":"Number two, evaluation, how to ensure the objective of the civil perspective.","start":12042.23,"end":12047.67,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":12042.23,"end":12042.55},{"text":"two,","start":12042.55,"end":12042.87},{"text":"evaluation,","start":12043.03,"end":12043.67},{"text":"how","start":12043.75,"end":12043.99},{"text":"to","start":12043.99,"end":12044.23},{"text":"ensure","start":12044.23,"end":12044.79},{"text":"the","start":12044.79,"end":12045.07},{"text":"objective","start":12045.11,"end":12045.83},{"text":"of","start":12045.83,"end":12045.99},{"text":"the","start":12045.99,"end":12046.15},{"text":"civil","start":12046.15,"end":12046.55},{"text":"perspective.","start":12046.79,"end":12047.67}]},{"text":"Number three, how to use the global network to generate public pressure.","start":12048.07,"end":12055.19,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":12048.07,"end":12048.47},{"text":"three,","start":12048.47,"end":12048.79},{"text":"how","start":12048.95,"end":12049.27},{"text":"to","start":12049.27,"end":12049.43},{"text":"use","start":12049.43,"end":12049.91},{"text":"the","start":12049.91,"end":12050.07},{"text":"global","start":12050.07,"end":12050.43},{"text":"network","start":12050.43,"end":12051.03},{"text":"to","start":12051.11,"end":12051.19},{"text":"generate","start":12051.51,"end":12052.71},{"text":"public","start":12053.51,"end":12054.15},{"text":"pressure.","start":12054.55,"end":12055.19}]},{"text":"And I call to the action, my dear colleagues, civil society organization, NGO, CBO here present on this green seat of Mau Mau.","start":12059.43,"end":12068.99,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":12059.43,"end":12059.99},{"text":"I","start":12060.31,"end":12060.47},{"text":"call","start":12060.47,"end":12060.71},{"text":"to","start":12060.71,"end":12060.87},{"text":"the","start":12060.87,"end":12060.95},{"text":"action,","start":12060.95,"end":12061.59},{"text":"my","start":12061.99,"end":12062.15},{"text":"dear","start":12062.15,"end":12062.39},{"text":"colleagues,","start":12062.39,"end":12062.83},{"text":"civil","start":12062.83,"end":12063.43},{"text":"society","start":12063.43,"end":12063.75},{"text":"organization,","start":12063.75,"end":12064.47},{"text":"NGO,","start":12064.47,"end":12064.87},{"text":"CBO","start":12064.87,"end":12065.35},{"text":"here","start":12065.35,"end":12065.67},{"text":"present","start":12065.67,"end":12066.15},{"text":"on","start":12066.15,"end":12066.31},{"text":"this","start":12066.31,"end":12066.67},{"text":"green","start":12067.03,"end":12067.43},{"text":"seat","start":12067.43,"end":12067.91},{"text":"of","start":12067.91,"end":12068.31},{"text":"Mau","start":12068.35,"end":12068.67},{"text":"Mau.","start":12068.67,"end":12068.99}]},{"text":"We call this Nairobi green seat of Mau Mau, land of Mau Mau.","start":12068.99,"end":12073.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12068.99,"end":12069.35},{"text":"call","start":12069.35,"end":12069.59},{"text":"this","start":12069.59,"end":12069.83},{"text":"Nairobi","start":12069.83,"end":12070.23},{"text":"green","start":12070.23,"end":12070.47},{"text":"seat","start":12070.47,"end":12070.63},{"text":"of","start":12070.63,"end":12070.71},{"text":"Mau","start":12070.71,"end":12070.95},{"text":"Mau,","start":12071.03,"end":12071.55},{"text":"land","start":12071.55,"end":12071.99},{"text":"of","start":12071.99,"end":12072.27},{"text":"Mau","start":12072.27,"end":12072.91},{"text":"Mau.","start":12072.91,"end":12073.11}]},{"text":"What I call the role of this initiative, let us sign and implement this international patriotic pact.","start":12073.99,"end":12082.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":12073.99,"end":12074.39},{"text":"I","start":12074.39,"end":12074.55},{"text":"call","start":12074.55,"end":12075.03},{"text":"the","start":12075.75,"end":12075.99},{"text":"role","start":12075.99,"end":12076.39},{"text":"of","start":12076.39,"end":12076.71},{"text":"this","start":12076.71,"end":12077.59},{"text":"initiative,","start":12077.59,"end":12078.15},{"text":"let","start":12078.39,"end":12078.71},{"text":"us","start":12078.71,"end":12079.07},{"text":"sign","start":12079.07,"end":12079.83},{"text":"and","start":12079.99,"end":12080.23},{"text":"implement","start":12080.47,"end":12081.19},{"text":"this","start":12081.19,"end":12081.35},{"text":"international","start":12081.35,"end":12081.91},{"text":"patriotic","start":12081.91,"end":12082.39},{"text":"pact.","start":12082.39,"end":12082.87}]},{"text":"Let us sign and implement the Patriotic Pact.","start":12084.27,"end":12088.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":12084.27,"end":12084.75},{"text":"us","start":12084.75,"end":12085.11},{"text":"sign","start":12085.11,"end":12085.55},{"text":"and","start":12085.71,"end":12085.95},{"text":"implement","start":12085.95,"end":12086.67},{"text":"the","start":12086.91,"end":12087.03},{"text":"Patriotic","start":12087.03,"end":12087.79},{"text":"Pact.","start":12087.95,"end":12088.43}]},{"text":"Number two, let us bring together consensus back to our respective community and establish IPO International Patriotic Party organization branches or liaison officers in every nation, in every country.","start":12088.59,"end":12104.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":12088.59,"end":12088.91},{"text":"two,","start":12088.91,"end":12089.07},{"text":"let","start":12089.07,"end":12089.39},{"text":"us","start":12089.39,"end":12089.55},{"text":"bring","start":12089.55,"end":12089.87},{"text":"together","start":12089.87,"end":12090.59},{"text":"consensus","start":12090.83,"end":12091.47},{"text":"back","start":12091.47,"end":12091.87},{"text":"to","start":12091.87,"end":12092.11},{"text":"our","start":12092.11,"end":12092.39},{"text":"respective","start":12092.39,"end":12093.15},{"text":"community","start":12093.15,"end":12093.95},{"text":"and","start":12094.51,"end":12095.47},{"text":"establish","start":12095.63,"end":12096.27},{"text":"IPO","start":12096.51,"end":12096.79},{"text":"International","start":12096.83,"end":12097.39},{"text":"Patriotic","start":12097.39,"end":12097.95},{"text":"Party","start":12097.95,"end":12098.23},{"text":"organization","start":12098.23,"end":12098.91},{"text":"branches","start":12098.91,"end":12099.87},{"text":"or","start":12099.87,"end":12100.27},{"text":"liaison","start":12100.27,"end":12100.83},{"text":"officers","start":12100.83,"end":12101.39},{"text":"in","start":12101.63,"end":12101.95},{"text":"every","start":12101.95,"end":12102.35},{"text":"nation,","start":12102.35,"end":12102.91},{"text":"in","start":12102.91,"end":12103.47},{"text":"every","start":12103.55,"end":12103.95},{"text":"country.","start":12103.95,"end":12104.51}]},{"text":"Let us stand with the Patriotic Party.","start":12104.75,"end":12107.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":12104.75,"end":12105.15},{"text":"us","start":12105.15,"end":12105.51},{"text":"stand","start":12105.51,"end":12105.87},{"text":"with","start":12105.87,"end":12106.07},{"text":"the","start":12106.07,"end":12106.19},{"text":"Patriotic","start":12106.19,"end":12106.99},{"text":"Party.","start":12107.07,"end":12107.55}]},{"text":"Let us open the branches of the Patriotic Party to stop all those so-called international and all the powerful 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execution.","start":12126.63,"end":12129.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":12126.63,"end":12126.87},{"text":"key","start":12126.87,"end":12127.35},{"text":"now","start":12127.35,"end":12127.75},{"text":"lies","start":12127.75,"end":12128.15},{"text":"in","start":12128.15,"end":12128.39},{"text":"execution.","start":12128.47,"end":12129.19}]},{"text":"I call upon every organization again, every volunteer here, do not just ******* be the observer or evaluator.","start":12129.99,"end":12141.03,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":12759.23,"end":12759.55},{"text":"is","start":12759.55,"end":12759.71},{"text":"evidence.","start":12759.71,"end":12760.35}]},{"text":"We have no review is credible if it rests on slogans, selective testimony or assumptions.","start":12760.75,"end":12766.59,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Second","start":12775.71,"end":12776.03},{"text":"is","start":12776.03,"end":12776.27},{"text":"inclusion.","start":12776.27,"end":12776.91}]},{"text":"Consultation after major decisions have already been made is not meaningful participation.","start":12776.99,"end":12782.43,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. Speakers also stressed that grassroots organizations should play a larger role in global governance, evidence gathering, public oversight, and policy correction."}],"words":[{"text":"Consultation","start":12776.99,"end":12777.75},{"text":"after","start":12777.75,"end":12778.03},{"text":"major","start":12778.03,"end":12778.35},{"text":"decisions","start":12778.35,"end":12778.99},{"text":"have","start":12778.99,"end":12779.31},{"text":"already","start":12779.31,"end":12779.71},{"text":"been","start":12779.71,"end":12779.87},{"text":"made","start":12779.87,"end":12780.27},{"text":"is","start":12780.75,"end":12780.91},{"text":"not","start":12780.91,"end":12781.07},{"text":"meaningful","start":12781.07,"end":12781.55},{"text":"participation.","start":12781.63,"end":12782.43}]},{"text":"Community should help define problems, select priorities, design solutions, monitor implementation, and evaluate results.","start":12782.99,"end":12790.99,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted a civil society-led mechanism to monitor whether states’ development policies harm other countries. 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accountability.","start":12791.11,"end":12793.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":12791.11,"end":12791.35},{"text":"thirdly,","start":12791.35,"end":12791.95},{"text":"accountability.","start":12792.27,"end":12793.23}]},{"text":"Its purpose is not simply punishment or public condemnation, but clarity.","start":12793.79,"end":12798.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Its","start":12793.79,"end":12793.91},{"text":"purpose","start":12793.91,"end":12794.47},{"text":"is","start":12794.47,"end":12794.63},{"text":"not","start":12794.63,"end":12794.87},{"text":"simply","start":12794.87,"end":12795.35},{"text":"punishment","start":12795.35,"end":12795.99},{"text":"or","start":12795.99,"end":12796.15},{"text":"public","start":12796.15,"end":12796.75},{"text":"condemnation,","start":12796.75,"end":12797.35},{"text":"but","start":12797.35,"end":12797.51},{"text":"clarity.","start":12797.51,"end":12798.23}]},{"text":"What was promised?","start":12798.99,"end":12800.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":12798.99,"end":12799.43},{"text":"was","start":12799.43,"end":12799.67},{"text":"promised?","start":12799.67,"end":12800.31}]},{"text":"What was delivered?","start":12800.59,"end":12801.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":12800.59,"end":12800.95},{"text":"was","start":12800.95,"end":12801.11},{"text":"delivered?","start":12801.11,"end":12801.67}]},{"text":"Who benefited?","start":12801.75,"end":12802.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":12801.75,"end":12801.99},{"text":"benefited?","start":12801.99,"end":12802.71}]},{"text":"Who carried the costs?","start":12802.79,"end":12804.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Who","start":12802.79,"end":12803.03},{"text":"carried","start":12803.03,"end":12803.35},{"text":"the","start":12803.35,"end":12803.51},{"text":"costs?","start":12803.51,"end":12804.07}]},{"text":"What should change next?","start":12804.11,"end":12805.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":12804.11,"end":12804.39},{"text":"should","start":12804.39,"end":12804.71},{"text":"change","start":12804.71,"end":12804.95},{"text":"next?","start":12804.95,"end":12805.43}]},{"text":"A credible review needs transparent indicators, realistic timelines, public reporting, and follow-up.","start":12806.23,"end":12812.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":12806.23,"end":12806.31},{"text":"credible","start":12806.31,"end":12807.03},{"text":"review","start":12807.03,"end":12807.35},{"text":"needs","start":12807.35,"end":12807.75},{"text":"transparent","start":12807.75,"end":12808.55},{"text":"indicators,","start":12808.55,"end":12809.27},{"text":"realistic","start":12809.75,"end":12810.31},{"text":"timelines,","start":12810.31,"end":12811.03},{"text":"public","start":12811.35,"end":12811.67},{"text":"reporting,","start":12811.67,"end":12812.27},{"text":"and","start":12812.27,"end":12812.47},{"text":"follow-up.","start":12812.47,"end":12812.95}]},{"text":"Recommendations must lead to dialogue, correction, learning, and another assessment of progress.","start":12813.03,"end":12818.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Recommendations","start":12813.03,"end":12813.87},{"text":"must","start":12813.99,"end":12814.31},{"text":"lead","start":12814.31,"end":12814.43},{"text":"to","start":12814.43,"end":12814.55},{"text":"dialogue,","start":12814.55,"end":12815.11},{"text":"correction,","start":12815.11,"end":12815.91},{"text":"learning,","start":12816.27,"end":12816.71},{"text":"and","start":12816.71,"end":12816.87},{"text":"another","start":12816.87,"end":12817.27},{"text":"assessment","start":12817.27,"end":12817.79},{"text":"of","start":12817.79,"end":12817.91},{"text":"progress.","start":12817.91,"end":12818.47}]},{"text":"To translate this principle into practice, I propose a civil society development review network, beginning as a small, credible and transparent pilot.","start":12819.35,"end":12827.75,"topics":[{"key":"civil-society-review","label":"Civil Society Review and Participation","description":"Many statements promoted 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