{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1k/k1kap6yh4l","kaltura_id":"1_kap6yh4l","title":"Outer Space: Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 69th session, 850th meeting","clean_title":"Outer Space: Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 69th session, 850th meeting","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l","date":"2026-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-06-12T08:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"04:04:37","category":"General Assembly","body":"General Assembly","event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":"69th session","pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l"},"metadata":{"summary":"Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 69th session","description":null,"categories":["Meetings & Events","General Assembly","Subsidiary organs of the General Assembly","Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer 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seat.","start":2220.05,"end":2221.276,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":2220.05,"end":2220.34},{"text":"have","start":2220.372,"end":2220.534},{"text":"a","start":2220.534,"end":2220.55},{"text":"seat.","start":2220.55,"end":2221.276}]},{"text":"So I declare open the 850th meeting of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer 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hopefully conclude our consideration of agenda item number 6, Ways and Means of Maintaining Outer Space for Peaceful 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then we should begin and hopefully suspend our consideration of agenda item number 7, —report of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee on its 63rd session, pending the work of the Working Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space 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have 5 technical presentations this morning, and delegates are reminded that the full schedule of the technical presentations is available on the session 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there any questions or comments on this proposed schedule?","start":2314.835,"end":2320.493,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":2314.835,"end":2315.027},{"text":"there","start":2315.091,"end":2315.508},{"text":"any","start":2315.796,"end":2315.973},{"text":"questions","start":2315.973,"end":2316.662},{"text":"or","start":2317.479,"end":2317.656},{"text":"comments","start":2317.656,"end":2318.313},{"text":"on","start":2318.618,"end":2318.666},{"text":"this","start":2318.778,"end":2319.098},{"text":"proposed","start":2319.098,"end":2319.788},{"text":"schedule?","start":2319.996,"end":2320.493}]},{"text":"Okay, thank you.","start":2325.254,"end":2326.264,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Okay,","start":2325.254,"end":2325.67},{"text":"thank","start":2325.815,"end":2326.135},{"text":"you.","start":2326.135,"end":2326.264}]},{"text":"I see none.","start":2326.456,"end":2327.402,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2326.456,"end":2326.504},{"text":"see","start":2326.552,"end":2326.953},{"text":"none.","start":2326.953,"end":2327.402}]},{"text":"So distinguished delegates, I would now like to continue our consideration of Agenda Item 5, general exchange of view, and I now turn to the list of the speakers.","start":2328.171,"end":2344.889,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":2328.171,"end":2328.492},{"text":"distinguished","start":2328.716,"end":2329.437},{"text":"delegates,","start":2329.437,"end":2330.062},{"text":"I","start":2330.223,"end":2330.383},{"text":"would","start":2331.201,"end":2331.521},{"text":"now","start":2331.601,"end":2331.794},{"text":"like","start":2332.002,"end":2332.499},{"text":"to","start":2332.499,"end":2332.643},{"text":"continue","start":2332.707,"end":2333.493},{"text":"our","start":2333.589,"end":2333.893},{"text":"consideration","start":2333.91,"end":2334.855},{"text":"of","start":2335.112,"end":2335.368},{"text":"Agenda","start":2335.368,"end":2335.913},{"text":"Item","start":2335.993,"end":2336.234},{"text":"5,","start":2336.394,"end":2337.019},{"text":"general","start":2338.079,"end":2338.738},{"text":"exchange","start":2338.738,"end":2339.444},{"text":"of","start":2339.444,"end":2339.509},{"text":"view,","start":2339.541,"end":2339.749},{"text":"and","start":2340.745,"end":2340.874},{"text":"I","start":2341.388,"end":2341.42},{"text":"now","start":2341.805,"end":2341.982},{"text":"turn","start":2342.432,"end":2342.882},{"text":"to","start":2343.299,"end":2343.444},{"text":"the","start":2343.476,"end":2343.669},{"text":"list","start":2343.717,"end":2344.102},{"text":"of","start":2344.102,"end":2344.263},{"text":"the","start":2344.263,"end":2344.359},{"text":"speakers.","start":2344.359,"end":2344.889}]},{"text":"And the first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Turkey.","start":2345.869,"end":2352.888,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2345.869,"end":2345.933},{"text":"the","start":2346.03,"end":2346.126},{"text":"first","start":2346.126,"end":2346.785},{"text":"speaker","start":2346.785,"end":2347.267},{"text":"on","start":2347.491,"end":2347.524},{"text":"my","start":2347.524,"end":2347.764},{"text":"list","start":2347.877,"end":2348.535},{"text":"is","start":2349.178,"end":2349.306},{"text":"the","start":2349.419,"end":2349.66},{"text":"distinguished","start":2349.724,"end":2350.623},{"text":"representative","start":2350.623,"end":2351.716},{"text":"of","start":2352.294,"end":2352.439},{"text":"Turkey.","start":2352.535,"end":2352.888}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":2357.354,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=2358","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chair, let me join other delegation in congratulating you on your chairpersonship Committee.","start":2357.354,"end":2363.521,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":2357.354,"end":2357.546},{"text":"Chair,","start":2357.611,"end":2358.028},{"text":"let","start":2358.317,"end":2358.478},{"text":"me","start":2358.478,"end":2358.574},{"text":"join","start":2358.574,"end":2358.976},{"text":"other","start":2358.976,"end":2359.281},{"text":"delegation","start":2359.281,"end":2359.859},{"text":"in","start":2359.859,"end":2359.988},{"text":"congratulating","start":2360.02,"end":2360.791},{"text":"you","start":2360.887,"end":2360.951},{"text":"on","start":2361.369,"end":2361.433},{"text":"your","start":2361.465,"end":2361.706},{"text":"chairpersonship","start":2362.028,"end":2362.975},{"text":"Committee.","start":2363.136,"end":2363.521}]},{"text":"I also thank the Director of the United States Office for Outer Space Affairs, Aarti Holomanyani, and UNOSAF for their dedicated efforts in organizing this meeting.","start":2363.954,"end":2373.856,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2363.954,"end":2364.002},{"text":"also","start":2364.034,"end":2364.339},{"text":"thank","start":2364.339,"end":2364.757},{"text":"the","start":2364.757,"end":2364.789},{"text":"Director","start":2364.901,"end":2365.399},{"text":"of","start":2365.399,"end":2365.527},{"text":"the","start":2365.543,"end":2365.639},{"text":"United","start":2365.639,"end":2365.928},{"text":"States","start":2365.96,"end":2366.458},{"text":"Office","start":2366.602,"end":2366.987},{"text":"for","start":2366.987,"end":2367.244},{"text":"Outer","start":2367.244,"end":2367.469},{"text":"Space","start":2367.469,"end":2367.774},{"text":"Affairs,","start":2367.87,"end":2368.255},{"text":"Aarti","start":2368.849,"end":2369.218},{"text":"Holomanyani,","start":2369.234,"end":2369.94},{"text":"and","start":2369.972,"end":2370.149},{"text":"UNOSAF","start":2370.213,"end":2370.775},{"text":"for","start":2370.775,"end":2371.112},{"text":"their","start":2371.176,"end":2371.416},{"text":"dedicated","start":2371.416,"end":2371.978},{"text":"efforts","start":2371.978,"end":2372.476},{"text":"in","start":2372.62,"end":2372.764},{"text":"organizing","start":2372.764,"end":2373.31},{"text":"this","start":2373.342,"end":2373.567},{"text":"meeting.","start":2373.567,"end":2373.856}]},{"text":"Türkiye associates itself with the statements of the MICTA to be delivered by Australia under Agenda Item 14.","start":2374.53,"end":2382.778,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Türkiye","start":2374.53,"end":2374.979},{"text":"associates","start":2375.412,"end":2375.926},{"text":"itself","start":2376.006,"end":2376.648},{"text":"with","start":2376.712,"end":2376.857},{"text":"the","start":2376.857,"end":2376.889},{"text":"statements","start":2376.889,"end":2377.595},{"text":"of","start":2377.595,"end":2377.723},{"text":"the","start":2377.739,"end":2377.9},{"text":"MICTA","start":2377.9,"end":2378.413},{"text":"to","start":2378.654,"end":2378.782},{"text":"be","start":2378.782,"end":2378.863},{"text":"delivered","start":2378.863,"end":2379.36},{"text":"by","start":2379.36,"end":2379.472},{"text":"Australia","start":2379.922,"end":2380.644},{"text":"under","start":2380.949,"end":2381.19},{"text":"Agenda","start":2381.19,"end":2381.591},{"text":"Item","start":2381.591,"end":2381.944},{"text":"14.","start":2382.168,"end":2382.778}]},{"text":"Türkiye, as one of the few states that have ratified all 5 United Nations treaties, and Outer Space remains firmly committed to peaceful use of the outer space and to preserving the safe, secure, and sustainable space environment for the benefit of humanity.","start":2383.468,"end":2402.15,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"Türkiye,","start":2383.468,"end":2383.821},{"text":"as","start":2383.853,"end":2383.982},{"text":"one","start":2384.319,"end":2384.447},{"text":"of","start":2384.479,"end":2384.624},{"text":"the","start":2384.64,"end":2384.736},{"text":"few","start":2384.736,"end":2385.073},{"text":"states","start":2385.121,"end":2385.619},{"text":"that","start":2385.619,"end":2385.859},{"text":"have","start":2385.859,"end":2386.148},{"text":"ratified","start":2386.646,"end":2387.127},{"text":"all","start":2387.304,"end":2387.432},{"text":"5","start":2387.93,"end":2388.315},{"text":"United","start":2388.331,"end":2388.748},{"text":"Nations","start":2388.748,"end":2389.358},{"text":"treaties,","start":2389.374,"end":2389.679},{"text":"and","start":2390.096,"end":2390.273},{"text":"Outer","start":2390.273,"end":2390.497},{"text":"Space","start":2390.497,"end":2391.011},{"text":"remains","start":2391.3,"end":2391.685},{"text":"firmly","start":2391.878,"end":2392.327},{"text":"committed","start":2392.52,"end":2392.985},{"text":"to","start":2392.985,"end":2393.033},{"text":"peaceful","start":2393.322,"end":2393.804},{"text":"use","start":2393.804,"end":2394.028},{"text":"of","start":2394.028,"end":2394.141},{"text":"the","start":2394.141,"end":2394.253},{"text":"outer","start":2394.269,"end":2394.526},{"text":"space","start":2394.526,"end":2394.959},{"text":"and","start":2395.152,"end":2395.361},{"text":"to","start":2395.666,"end":2395.746},{"text":"preserving","start":2395.746,"end":2396.34},{"text":"the","start":2396.372,"end":2396.452},{"text":"safe,","start":2396.452,"end":2396.998},{"text":"secure,","start":2397.351,"end":2398.057},{"text":"and","start":2398.282,"end":2398.426},{"text":"sustainable","start":2398.539,"end":2399.181},{"text":"space","start":2399.181,"end":2399.823},{"text":"environment","start":2399.823,"end":2400.384},{"text":"for","start":2400.384,"end":2400.577},{"text":"the","start":2400.625,"end":2400.786},{"text":"benefit","start":2400.786,"end":2401.251},{"text":"of","start":2401.251,"end":2401.396},{"text":"humanity.","start":2401.652,"end":2402.15}]},{"text":"In this regard, we continue the support of the implementation of the Space 2030 Agenda, its contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals.","start":2402.856,"end":2413.353,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2402.856,"end":2402.904},{"text":"this","start":2402.936,"end":2403.113},{"text":"regard,","start":2403.113,"end":2403.402},{"text":"we","start":2403.819,"end":2403.98},{"text":"continue","start":2403.98,"end":2404.461},{"text":"the","start":2404.461,"end":2404.509},{"text":"support","start":2404.557,"end":2405.055},{"text":"of","start":2405.055,"end":2405.135},{"text":"the","start":2405.36,"end":2405.521},{"text":"implementation","start":2405.521,"end":2406.323},{"text":"of","start":2406.387,"end":2406.692},{"text":"the","start":2406.708,"end":2406.756},{"text":"Space","start":2406.805,"end":2407.318},{"text":"2030","start":2407.768,"end":2408.795},{"text":"Agenda,","start":2408.811,"end":2409.453},{"text":"its","start":2409.774,"end":2409.87},{"text":"contribution","start":2409.999,"end":2410.785},{"text":"to","start":2411.122,"end":2411.218},{"text":"the","start":2411.218,"end":2411.363},{"text":"Sustainable","start":2411.363,"end":2412.053},{"text":"Development","start":2412.053,"end":2413.048},{"text":"Goals.","start":2413.048,"end":2413.353}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, COPOS and its subcommittees continue to serve as a primary multidirectional platforms for international cooperation and the progressive development of space law.","start":2414.011,"end":2426.03,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Türkiye","start":2426.03,"end":2426.309},{"text":"believes","start":2426.309,"end":2426.689},{"text":"that","start":2426.689,"end":2426.949},{"text":"discussion","start":2426.949,"end":2427.39},{"text":"regarding","start":2427.39,"end":2427.869},{"text":"the","start":2427.869,"end":2428.11},{"text":"exploration","start":2428.11,"end":2428.65},{"text":"and","start":2428.65,"end":2428.869},{"text":"utilization","start":2428.869,"end":2429.47},{"text":"of","start":2429.47,"end":2429.73},{"text":"the","start":2429.73,"end":2429.91},{"text":"space","start":2429.91,"end":2430.15},{"text":"resource","start":2430.15,"end":2430.51},{"text":"should","start":2430.51,"end":2431.369},{"text":"remain","start":2431.369,"end":2431.789},{"text":"within","start":2431.789,"end":2432.13},{"text":"the","start":2432.13,"end":2432.33},{"text":"consensus-based","start":2432.33,"end":2433.289},{"text":"framework","start":2433.289,"end":2433.789},{"text":"of","start":2433.789,"end":2434.07},{"text":"the","start":2434.07,"end":2434.51},{"text":"COPOS","start":2434.51,"end":2434.73},{"text":"while","start":2434.73,"end":2435.69},{"text":"preserving","start":2435.69,"end":2436.31},{"text":"its","start":2436.31,"end":2436.67},{"text":"technical","start":2436.67,"end":2437.19},{"text":"and","start":2437.19,"end":2437.53},{"text":"inclusive","start":2437.53,"end":2438.31},{"text":"character.","start":2438.31,"end":2439.19}]},{"text":"Regarding discussion on the potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation, and utilization of space resource, We are of the view that maritime law, airspace law, and the space law have different dynamics and they're regulated by different regimes, bodies, and instruments.","start":2439.19,"end":2458.28,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2458.28,"end":2458.42},{"text":"the","start":2458.42,"end":2458.48},{"text":"regimes,","start":2458.48,"end":2458.83},{"text":"instruments","start":2458.94,"end":2459.879},{"text":"that","start":2459.879,"end":2460.42},{"text":"are","start":2460.42,"end":2460.86},{"text":"not","start":2460.86,"end":2461.12},{"text":"outer","start":2461.12,"end":2461.46},{"text":"space","start":2461.46,"end":2462.04},{"text":"fall","start":2462.04,"end":2462.54},{"text":"out","start":2462.54,"end":2462.78},{"text":"of","start":2462.78,"end":2462.92},{"text":"the","start":2462.92,"end":2463.2},{"text":"scope","start":2463.2,"end":2463.9},{"text":"and","start":2463.9,"end":2464.18},{"text":"the","start":2464.18,"end":2464.38},{"text":"mandate","start":2464.38,"end":2464.58},{"text":"of","start":2464.58,"end":2464.92},{"text":"the","start":2464.92,"end":2465.24},{"text":"COPUS.","start":2465.24,"end":2466.2}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, Turkey actively contributes to ongoing efforts with COPUS, including discussion the working methods of the committee and activities related to space situational awareness.","start":2466.2,"end":2477.236,"topics":[{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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we warmly congratulate you for your leadership in chairing the committee and express our sincere appreciation to the UNOOSA, particularly Director Arti Holomayni and the Secretariat, for their dedicated preparation for this session.","start":2623.08,"end":2638.127,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2648.585,"end":2648.73},{"text":"further","start":2648.73,"end":2649.131},{"text":"align","start":2649.147,"end":2649.596},{"text":"with","start":2649.628,"end":2649.708},{"text":"the","start":2649.708,"end":2649.852},{"text":"G77","start":2649.852,"end":2650.959},{"text":"and","start":2651.007,"end":2651.135},{"text":"China","start":2651.135,"end":2651.424},{"text":"statement,","start":2651.456,"end":2652.177},{"text":"notably","start":2652.514,"end":2652.963},{"text":"that","start":2653.075,"end":2653.236},{"text":"the","start":2653.236,"end":2653.316},{"text":"benefits","start":2653.38,"end":2654.053},{"text":"of","start":2654.134,"end":2654.246},{"text":"outer","start":2654.342,"end":2654.599},{"text":"space","start":2654.599,"end":2655.08},{"text":"activities","start":2655.08,"end":2655.689},{"text":"must","start":2656.282,"end":2656.555},{"text":"remain","start":2656.667,"end":2656.972},{"text":"accessible","start":2657.004,"end":2657.758},{"text":"to","start":2657.822,"end":2657.934},{"text":"all","start":2658.03,"end":2658.078},{"text":"countries,","start":2658.19,"end":2658.655},{"text":"including","start":2659.233,"end":2659.618},{"text":"developing","start":2659.65,"end":2660.179},{"text":"countries","start":2660.275,"end":2660.74},{"text":"and","start":2661.013,"end":2661.077},{"text":"emerging","start":2661.173,"end":2661.542},{"text":"spacefaring","start":2661.654,"end":2662.584},{"text":"nations.","start":2662.616,"end":2663.065}]},{"text":"We emphasize the need for structured, holistic dialogue on activities on Earth and in outer space.","start":2663.979,"end":2669.96,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2663.979,"end":2664.043},{"text":"emphasize","start":2664.123,"end":2664.749},{"text":"the","start":2664.925,"end":2664.957},{"text":"need","start":2664.957,"end":2665.31},{"text":"for","start":2665.326,"end":2665.502},{"text":"structured,","start":2665.502,"end":2666.224},{"text":"holistic","start":2666.465,"end":2667.01},{"text":"dialogue","start":2667.026,"end":2667.587},{"text":"on","start":2667.667,"end":2667.715},{"text":"activities","start":2667.747,"end":2668.277},{"text":"on","start":2668.469,"end":2668.517},{"text":"Earth","start":2668.645,"end":2668.918},{"text":"and","start":2669.03,"end":2669.142},{"text":"in","start":2669.174,"end":2669.335},{"text":"outer","start":2669.335,"end":2669.591},{"text":"space.","start":2669.591,"end":2669.96}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, the Philippines is strengthening its role in the global space community through active multilateralism, reaffirming our commitment to a rules-based international order for the safe, peaceful, and responsible use of outer space.","start":2671.275,"end":2687.41,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2699.71,"end":2699.87},{"text":"also","start":2699.87,"end":2700.13},{"text":"advanced","start":2700.13,"end":2700.67},{"text":"partnerships","start":2700.83,"end":2701.55},{"text":"by","start":2701.55,"end":2701.85},{"text":"hosting","start":2701.85,"end":2702.31},{"text":"the","start":2702.31,"end":2702.51},{"text":"31st","start":2702.51,"end":2703.69},{"text":"Asia-Pacific","start":2703.69,"end":2704.37},{"text":"Regional","start":2704.37,"end":2704.929},{"text":"Space","start":2704.929,"end":2705.31},{"text":"Agency","start":2705.31,"end":2705.77},{"text":"Forum","start":2705.77,"end":2706.169},{"text":"with","start":2706.169,"end":2706.469},{"text":"Japan","start":2706.469,"end":2706.969},{"text":"and","start":2706.969,"end":2707.61},{"text":"the","start":2707.61,"end":2707.79},{"text":"7th","start":2707.79,"end":2708.91},{"text":"International","start":2708.91,"end":2709.07},{"text":"Space","start":2709.07,"end":2709.529},{"text":"Forum","start":2709.529,"end":2710.09},{"text":"with","start":2710.09,"end":2710.51},{"text":"Italy","start":2710.51,"end":2711.01},{"text":"and","start":2711.01,"end":2711.47},{"text":"the","start":2711.47,"end":2711.73},{"text":"International","start":2711.73,"end":2712.17},{"text":"Astronautical","start":2712.17,"end":2712.93},{"text":"Federation.","start":2712.93,"end":2714.08}]},{"text":"We are also pleased to share that the Philippines hosted the ASEAN Space Situational Awareness and Space Traffic Management Seminar Workshop in March 2026 in partnership with Thailand and UNOOSA.","start":2714.869,"end":2728.622,"topics":[{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2714.869,"end":2715.21},{"text":"are","start":2715.21,"end":2715.35},{"text":"also","start":2715.35,"end":2715.63},{"text":"pleased","start":2715.63,"end":2715.99},{"text":"to","start":2715.99,"end":2716.31},{"text":"share","start":2716.31,"end":2716.51},{"text":"that","start":2716.51,"end":2716.63},{"text":"the","start":2716.63,"end":2716.77},{"text":"Philippines","start":2716.77,"end":2717.17},{"text":"hosted","start":2717.17,"end":2717.79},{"text":"the","start":2717.79,"end":2718.35},{"text":"ASEAN","start":2718.35,"end":2718.91},{"text":"Space","start":2718.91,"end":2719.29},{"text":"Situational","start":2719.29,"end":2719.79},{"text":"Awareness","start":2719.79,"end":2720.69},{"text":"and","start":2720.69,"end":2720.97},{"text":"Space","start":2720.97,"end":2721.41},{"text":"Traffic","start":2721.41,"end":2721.75},{"text":"Management","start":2721.75,"end":2722.37},{"text":"Seminar","start":2722.37,"end":2722.91},{"text":"Workshop","start":2722.91,"end":2723.41},{"text":"in","start":2723.41,"end":2724.15},{"text":"March","start":2724.15,"end":2724.49},{"text":"2026","start":2724.49,"end":2725.59},{"text":"in","start":2725.59,"end":2725.99},{"text":"partnership","start":2725.99,"end":2726.61},{"text":"with","start":2726.712,"end":2726.92},{"text":"Thailand","start":2726.936,"end":2727.322},{"text":"and","start":2727.739,"end":2727.884},{"text":"UNOOSA.","start":2728.221,"end":2728.622}]},{"text":"We remain grateful to our partners, our ASEAN neighbors, and the experts from the different regions for expanding regional coordination and capacity.","start":2729.666,"end":2739.043,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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Mr. Chair, Ghana— the Ghana delegation congratulates you on your election and assures you of our full support in guiding the work of the session.","start":2905.516,"end":2915.536,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2905.516,"end":2905.789},{"text":"you,","start":2905.837,"end":2905.997},{"text":"Mr.","start":2906.013,"end":2906.206},{"text":"Chair.","start":2906.254,"end":2906.672},{"text":"Mr.","start":2907.924,"end":2908.037},{"text":"Chair,","start":2908.085,"end":2908.246},{"text":"Ghana—","start":2908.326,"end":2908.856},{"text":"the","start":2909.065,"end":2909.145},{"text":"Ghana","start":2909.209,"end":2909.466},{"text":"delegation","start":2909.466,"end":2910.076},{"text":"congratulates","start":2910.109,"end":2910.719},{"text":"you","start":2910.751,"end":2910.863},{"text":"on","start":2910.992,"end":2911.056},{"text":"your","start":2911.072,"end":2911.217},{"text":"election","start":2911.217,"end":2911.682},{"text":"and","start":2911.859,"end":2911.939},{"text":"assures","start":2911.955,"end":2912.325},{"text":"you","start":2912.437,"end":2912.566},{"text":"of","start":2912.598,"end":2912.742},{"text":"our","start":2912.742,"end":2912.839},{"text":"full","start":2912.839,"end":2913.031},{"text":"support","start":2913.08,"end":2913.626},{"text":"in","start":2913.882,"end":2914.011},{"text":"guiding","start":2914.043,"end":2914.412},{"text":"the","start":2914.445,"end":2914.589},{"text":"work","start":2914.605,"end":2914.862},{"text":"of","start":2914.926,"end":2915.071},{"text":"the","start":2915.071,"end":2915.151},{"text":"session.","start":2915.151,"end":2915.536}]},{"text":"Ghana aligns itself with the statement delivered by the G77 and China.","start":2916.516,"end":2920.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ghana","start":2916.516,"end":2916.677},{"text":"aligns","start":2916.693,"end":2917.062},{"text":"itself","start":2917.11,"end":2917.56},{"text":"with","start":2917.56,"end":2917.64},{"text":"the","start":2917.64,"end":2917.736},{"text":"statement","start":2917.736,"end":2918.17},{"text":"delivered","start":2918.17,"end":2918.604},{"text":"by","start":2918.684,"end":2918.78},{"text":"the","start":2918.78,"end":2918.861},{"text":"G77","start":2918.861,"end":2919.631},{"text":"and","start":2919.744,"end":2919.888},{"text":"China.","start":2919.888,"end":2920.29}]},{"text":"Ghana further aligns itself with the principles of the United Nations that outer space shall be explored and used for peaceful purposes and for the benefit of all humanity.","start":2921.269,"end":2931.675,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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The discussion emphasized finding balanced solutions that preserve scientific research while also allowing connectivity and other satellite-based services to expand."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":3036.488,"end":3036.681},{"text":"Chair,","start":3036.729,"end":3036.986},{"text":"Ghana","start":3037.115,"end":3037.404},{"text":"is","start":3037.436,"end":3037.5},{"text":"also","start":3037.596,"end":3037.853},{"text":"proud","start":3037.853,"end":3038.174},{"text":"to","start":3038.174,"end":3038.335},{"text":"host","start":3038.335,"end":3038.576},{"text":"the","start":3038.576,"end":3038.833},{"text":"Ghana","start":3038.961,"end":3039.33},{"text":"Radio","start":3039.443,"end":3039.828},{"text":"Astronomy","start":3039.941,"end":3040.47},{"text":"Observatory,","start":3040.583,"end":3041.113},{"text":"an","start":3041.707,"end":3041.787},{"text":"important","start":3041.787,"end":3042.333},{"text":"component","start":3042.333,"end":3042.975},{"text":"of","start":3043.072,"end":3043.152},{"text":"the","start":3043.152,"end":3043.296},{"text":"African","start":3043.377,"end":3043.923},{"text":"Very","start":3043.955,"end":3044.244},{"text":"Long","start":3044.34,"end":3044.485},{"text":"Baseline","start":3044.677,"end":3045.207},{"text":"Interferometry","start":3045.721,"end":3046.973},{"text":"Network","start":3047.23,"end":3047.712},{"text":"and","start":3048.274,"end":3048.595},{"text":"a","start":3048.611,"end":3048.627},{"text":"contributor","start":3048.675,"end":3049.414},{"text":"to","start":3049.414,"end":3049.51},{"text":"global","start":3049.639,"end":3050.04},{"text":"science","start":3050.072,"end":3050.682},{"text":"research.","start":3050.699,"end":3051.228}]},{"text":"The observatory represents Africa's growing contribution to humanity's understanding of the universe and demonstrates how developing countries can participate meaningfully in frontier scientific endeavors.","start":3051.65,"end":3065.73,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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The discussion emphasized finding balanced solutions that preserve scientific research while also allowing connectivity and other satellite-based services to expand."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather,","start":3131.05,"end":3132.2},{"text":"they","start":3132.2,"end":3132.2},{"text":"are","start":3132.2,"end":3132.36},{"text":"complementary","start":3132.36,"end":3132.94},{"text":"goals","start":3132.94,"end":3133.32},{"text":"that","start":3133.32,"end":3133.5},{"text":"require","start":3133.5,"end":3133.92},{"text":"balanced,","start":3133.92,"end":3134.869},{"text":"cooperative,","start":3134.879,"end":3135.52},{"text":"and","start":3135.52,"end":3135.98},{"text":"forward-looking","start":3135.98,"end":3136.56},{"text":"solutions.","start":3136.56,"end":3138.01}]},{"text":"We therefore encourage continued dialogue among member states, international organizations, satellite operators, regulators, and the scientific community to ensure that the benefits of expanded connectivity can be realized while safeguarding the scientific infrastructure upon which future generations will depend.","start":3138.02,"end":3159.36,"topics":[{"key":"astronomy-protection","label":"Protection of Astronomy and Scientific Services","description":"Some interventions focused on the impact of large satellite constellations on radio astronomy and optical observations. 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Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":3159.36,"end":3159.5},{"text":"Chair,","start":3159.5,"end":3159.98},{"text":"as","start":3159.98,"end":3159.98},{"text":"a","start":3159.98,"end":3160.1},{"text":"developing","start":3160.1,"end":3160.52},{"text":"country,","start":3160.52,"end":3161.12},{"text":"Ghana","start":3161.12,"end":3161.22},{"text":"attaches","start":3161.22,"end":3161.639},{"text":"great","start":3161.639,"end":3161.96},{"text":"importance","start":3161.96,"end":3163.08},{"text":"to","start":3163.08,"end":3163.359},{"text":"international","start":3163.359,"end":3163.92},{"text":"cooperation,","start":3163.92,"end":3164.97},{"text":"capacity","start":3165.48,"end":3165.82},{"text":"building,","start":3165.82,"end":3167.04},{"text":"technology","start":3167.04,"end":3167.419},{"text":"transfer,","start":3167.419,"end":3168.3},{"text":"and","start":3168.3,"end":3168.4},{"text":"equitable","start":3168.4,"end":3168.919},{"text":"access","start":3168.919,"end":3169.419},{"text":"to","start":3169.419,"end":3169.6},{"text":"space-derived","start":3169.6,"end":3170.28},{"text":"benefits.","start":3170.28,"end":3171.54}]},{"text":"We welcome initiatives of UNOSA and other partners that support developing countries in strengthening their space capabilities and ensuring that no nation is left behind in the global space economy.","start":3171.54,"end":3184.807,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3171.54,"end":3171.579},{"text":"welcome","start":3171.579,"end":3172.04},{"text":"initiatives","start":3172.04,"end":3172.86},{"text":"of","start":3172.86,"end":3173.34},{"text":"UNOSA","start":3173.34,"end":3174.18},{"text":"and","start":3174.18,"end":3174.4},{"text":"other","start":3174.4,"end":3174.6},{"text":"partners","start":3174.6,"end":3175.34},{"text":"that","start":3175.34,"end":3175.62},{"text":"support","start":3175.62,"end":3176.06},{"text":"developing","start":3176.06,"end":3176.54},{"text":"countries","start":3176.54,"end":3177.28},{"text":"in","start":3177.28,"end":3177.8},{"text":"strengthening","start":3177.8,"end":3178.3},{"text":"their","start":3178.3,"end":3178.62},{"text":"space","start":3178.62,"end":3178.94},{"text":"capabilities","start":3178.94,"end":3179.96},{"text":"and","start":3179.96,"end":3180.6},{"text":"ensuring","start":3180.6,"end":3181.16},{"text":"that","start":3181.16,"end":3181.4},{"text":"no","start":3181.4,"end":3181.6},{"text":"nation","start":3181.6,"end":3182.02},{"text":"is","start":3182.02,"end":3182.28},{"text":"left","start":3182.28,"end":3182.44},{"text":"behind","start":3182.44,"end":3182.9},{"text":"in","start":3183.186,"end":3183.266},{"text":"the","start":3183.266,"end":3183.363},{"text":"global","start":3183.363,"end":3183.764},{"text":"space","start":3183.764,"end":3184.117},{"text":"economy.","start":3184.245,"end":3184.807}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, finally, Ghana remains committed to working with all member states to ensure that outer space remains a domain of peace, cooperation, innovation, and sustainable development for the benefit of present and future generations.","start":3185.449,"end":3201.274,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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thank you, Mr.","start":3201.66,"end":3202.302,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3201.66,"end":3201.692},{"text":"thank","start":3201.804,"end":3201.997},{"text":"you,","start":3201.997,"end":3202.061},{"text":"Mr.","start":3202.077,"end":3202.302}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"GHA","affiliation_full":"Ghana","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":3202.366,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=3203","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair.","start":3202.366,"end":3202.703,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair.","start":3202.366,"end":3202.703}]},{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Ghana for the statement, and the next speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of Burkina 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Monsieur, please.","start":3219.53,"end":3221.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Merci,","start":3219.53,"end":3220.11},{"text":"Monsieur,","start":3220.11,"end":3220.329},{"text":"please.","start":3220.329,"end":3221.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":8,"start":3221.17,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=3222","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, Chair.","start":3221.17,"end":3222.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3221.17,"end":3221.35},{"text":"you","start":3221.35,"end":3221.43},{"text":"very","start":3221.43,"end":3221.63},{"text":"much,","start":3221.63,"end":3222.19},{"text":"Chair.","start":3222.19,"end":3222.69}]},{"text":"Burkina Faso would like to sincerely congratulate Professor Rafik Akram of Morocco upon the excellent guidance of the work of the 68th session of COP/EOS and would like to congratulate Professor Teodoro Valente, the Chair of the Italian Space Agency, upon assuming the chairmanship of this 69th session of our 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delegation would equally like to convey its gratitude to Ms. Arti Holomayni, Director of the Office of Outer Space Affairs, for her introductory comments, and to thank the Secretariat for the excellent organization of this 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Faso aligns itself with the statement of the G77 and China and would like to make the following comments in its national capacity.","start":3260.604,"end":3268.627,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Burkina","start":3260.604,"end":3260.924},{"text":"Faso","start":3260.924,"end":3261.389},{"text":"aligns","start":3261.469,"end":3261.806},{"text":"itself","start":3261.806,"end":3262.271},{"text":"with","start":3262.271,"end":3262.367},{"text":"the","start":3262.367,"end":3262.463},{"text":"statement","start":3262.463,"end":3262.944},{"text":"of","start":3262.944,"end":3263.056},{"text":"the","start":3263.072,"end":3263.169},{"text":"G77","start":3263.169,"end":3264.082},{"text":"and","start":3264.13,"end":3264.194},{"text":"China","start":3264.275,"end":3264.723},{"text":"and","start":3265.719,"end":3265.8},{"text":"would","start":3265.8,"end":3265.912},{"text":"like","start":3265.912,"end":3266.121},{"text":"to","start":3266.137,"end":3266.233},{"text":"make","start":3266.233,"end":3266.458},{"text":"the","start":3266.458,"end":3266.539},{"text":"following","start":3266.539,"end":3266.908},{"text":"comments","start":3266.94,"end":3267.358},{"text":"in","start":3267.422,"end":3267.503},{"text":"its","start":3267.503,"end":3267.68},{"text":"national","start":3267.68,"end":3268.065},{"text":"capacity.","start":3268.065,"end":3268.627}]},{"text":"Chair, Burkina Faso reaffirms its commitment to the principles that govern the activities of outer space in the exploration and use of outer space, in particular the principles enshrined in the Outer Space Treaty.","start":3269.752,"end":3285.627,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3287.105,"end":3287.266},{"text":"restate","start":3287.266,"end":3287.812},{"text":"our","start":3287.844,"end":3287.989},{"text":"belief","start":3287.989,"end":3288.342},{"text":"that","start":3288.953,"end":3289.29},{"text":"all","start":3289.419,"end":3289.547},{"text":"space","start":3289.692,"end":3290.11},{"text":"activity","start":3290.303,"end":3290.849},{"text":"must","start":3291.588,"end":3291.764},{"text":"be","start":3291.764,"end":3291.909},{"text":"carried","start":3291.909,"end":3292.311},{"text":"out","start":3292.311,"end":3292.503},{"text":"in","start":3293.837,"end":3293.917},{"text":"full","start":3293.917,"end":3294.158},{"text":"compliance","start":3294.158,"end":3294.8},{"text":"with","start":3294.816,"end":3294.961},{"text":"international","start":3294.961,"end":3295.603},{"text":"law,","start":3295.603,"end":3295.812},{"text":"including","start":3295.941,"end":3296.391},{"text":"the","start":3296.503,"end":3296.567},{"text":"Charter","start":3296.567,"end":3296.905},{"text":"of","start":3296.905,"end":3296.969},{"text":"the","start":3296.969,"end":3297.001},{"text":"United","start":3297.001,"end":3297.322},{"text":"Nations.","start":3297.322,"end":3297.804}]},{"text":"Burkina Faso underscores the need to preserve the central role of COPUOS as a favored platform to promote dialogue among nations with space capacity, developing countries, and new emerging company— countries in the space sphere and to promote global space governance as well as the progressive development of international space law in keeping with international law.","start":3299.458,"end":3327.485,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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you very much, Chair.","start":3385.68,"end":3386.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3385.68,"end":3385.76},{"text":"you","start":3385.76,"end":3385.84},{"text":"very","start":3385.84,"end":3386.1},{"text":"much,","start":3386.1,"end":3386.279},{"text":"Chair.","start":3386.279,"end":3386.73}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"BFA","affiliation_full":"Burkina Faso","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":9,"start":3388.2,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=3389","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso for the statement, and the next speakers on my list is the distinguished representative of Paraguay.","start":3388.2,"end":3400.754,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3388.2,"end":3388.62},{"text":"thank","start":3388.62,"end":3389.1},{"text":"the","start":3389.1,"end":3389.38},{"text":"distinguished","start":3389.38,"end":3389.96},{"text":"representative","start":3389.96,"end":3391},{"text":"of","start":3391,"end":3391.78},{"text":"Burkina","start":3391.78,"end":3392.14},{"text":"Faso","start":3392.14,"end":3392.58},{"text":"for","start":3392.58,"end":3393.54},{"text":"the","start":3393.54,"end":3393.74},{"text":"statement,","start":3393.74,"end":3394.2},{"text":"and","start":3394.2,"end":3394.66},{"text":"the","start":3394.66,"end":3394.86},{"text":"next","start":3394.86,"end":3395.1},{"text":"speakers","start":3395.1,"end":3395.56},{"text":"on","start":3395.56,"end":3395.86},{"text":"my","start":3395.86,"end":3396.06},{"text":"list","start":3396.06,"end":3396.5},{"text":"is","start":3397.382,"end":3397.511},{"text":"the","start":3397.527,"end":3397.687},{"text":"distinguished","start":3397.687,"end":3398.667},{"text":"representative","start":3398.667,"end":3399.871},{"text":"of","start":3399.871,"end":3400.08},{"text":"Paraguay.","start":3400.176,"end":3400.754}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":10,"start":3402.103,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=3403","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chairperson, the delegation of the Republic of Paraguay would like to congratulate you upon your election, express our support to you in the leadership of the work of this 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the same time, we thank the Director of UNOSA and the Secretariat For the preparations and organization of this session, my delegation would like to align itself with the statement made by the Group of 77 and China and would like to make some comments in its national capacity.","start":3417.886,"end":3436.776,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Mr. Chair, Your Excellencies, distinguished delegates, allow me to begin by expressing Slovenia's sincere congratulations to you, Dottore Valente, for your 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wish to extend our full support for your success in guiding the 69th session of this committee.","start":3675.24,"end":3680.9,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3675.24,"end":3675.48},{"text":"wish","start":3675.48,"end":3675.72},{"text":"to","start":3675.72,"end":3675.86},{"text":"extend","start":3675.86,"end":3676.16},{"text":"our","start":3676.16,"end":3676.46},{"text":"full","start":3676.46,"end":3676.72},{"text":"support","start":3676.72,"end":3677.14},{"text":"for","start":3677.14,"end":3677.44},{"text":"your","start":3677.44,"end":3677.7},{"text":"success","start":3677.7,"end":3678.18},{"text":"in","start":3678.18,"end":3678.46},{"text":"guiding","start":3678.46,"end":3678.78},{"text":"the","start":3678.78,"end":3678.96},{"text":"69th","start":3678.96,"end":3679.92},{"text":"session","start":3679.92,"end":3679.94},{"text":"of","start":3679.94,"end":3680.24},{"text":"this","start":3680.24,"end":3680.44},{"text":"committee.","start":3680.44,"end":3680.9}]},{"text":"We would also like to congratulate Professor Babatunde Rabiu for his election as second vice chair and our very own Ambassador Župić for her election as the first vice 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is honored to actively contribute to the work of this committee, and we would like to ensure you, distinguished delegates, that you can count on our full support for our common goals.","start":3693.129,"end":3702.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Slovenia","start":3693.129,"end":3693.629},{"text":"is","start":3693.629,"end":3693.83},{"text":"honored","start":3693.83,"end":3694.03},{"text":"to","start":3694.03,"end":3694.209},{"text":"actively","start":3694.209,"end":3694.57},{"text":"contribute","start":3694.57,"end":3695.049},{"text":"to","start":3695.049,"end":3695.45},{"text":"the","start":3695.45,"end":3695.53},{"text":"work","start":3695.53,"end":3695.77},{"text":"of","start":3695.77,"end":3695.91},{"text":"this","start":3695.91,"end":3696.11},{"text":"committee,","start":3696.11,"end":3696.709},{"text":"and","start":3696.73,"end":3696.73},{"text":"we","start":3696.73,"end":3696.89},{"text":"would","start":3696.89,"end":3697.15},{"text":"like","start":3697.15,"end":3697.29},{"text":"to","start":3697.29,"end":3697.37},{"text":"ensure","start":3697.37,"end":3697.83},{"text":"you,","start":3697.83,"end":3698.15},{"text":"distinguished","start":3698.15,"end":3698.53},{"text":"delegates,","start":3698.53,"end":3699.49},{"text":"that","start":3699.49,"end":3699.55},{"text":"you","start":3699.55,"end":3699.67},{"text":"can","start":3699.67,"end":3699.87},{"text":"count","start":3699.87,"end":3700.13},{"text":"on","start":3700.13,"end":3700.27},{"text":"our","start":3700.27,"end":3700.47},{"text":"full","start":3700.47,"end":3700.65},{"text":"support","start":3700.65,"end":3701.03},{"text":"for","start":3701.03,"end":3701.23},{"text":"our","start":3701.23,"end":3701.43},{"text":"common","start":3701.43,"end":3701.69},{"text":"goals.","start":3701.69,"end":3702.19}]},{"text":"We also thank Mrs. Arti Hola-Mahini and the Office for Outer Space Affairs for their dedicated efforts in organizing this session.","start":3702.71,"end":3710.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3702.71,"end":3702.81},{"text":"also","start":3702.81,"end":3703.23},{"text":"thank","start":3703.23,"end":3703.55},{"text":"Mrs.","start":3703.55,"end":3704.17},{"text":"Arti","start":3704.17,"end":3704.21},{"text":"Hola-Mahini","start":3704.21,"end":3704.85},{"text":"and","start":3704.85,"end":3705.15},{"text":"the","start":3705.15,"end":3705.31},{"text":"Office","start":3705.31,"end":3705.61},{"text":"for","start":3705.61,"end":3705.81},{"text":"Outer","start":3705.81,"end":3706.03},{"text":"Space","start":3706.03,"end":3706.25},{"text":"Affairs","start":3706.25,"end":3706.47},{"text":"for","start":3706.49,"end":3706.93},{"text":"their","start":3706.93,"end":3707.21},{"text":"dedicated","start":3707.21,"end":3707.69},{"text":"efforts","start":3707.69,"end":3708.19},{"text":"in","start":3708.19,"end":3708.37},{"text":"organizing","start":3708.37,"end":3708.87},{"text":"this","start":3708.87,"end":3709.19},{"text":"session.","start":3709.19,"end":3710.39}]},{"text":"First, let me say that Slovenia aligns itself fully with the statement delivered by the representative of the European Union.","start":3710.43,"end":3715.689,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":3710.43,"end":3710.69},{"text":"let","start":3710.69,"end":3710.69},{"text":"me","start":3710.69,"end":3710.85},{"text":"say","start":3710.85,"end":3711.089},{"text":"that","start":3711.089,"end":3711.249},{"text":"Slovenia","start":3711.249,"end":3711.53},{"text":"aligns","start":3711.53,"end":3711.829},{"text":"itself","start":3711.829,"end":3712.169},{"text":"fully","start":3712.169,"end":3712.45},{"text":"with","start":3712.45,"end":3712.589},{"text":"the","start":3712.589,"end":3712.749},{"text":"statement","start":3712.749,"end":3713.009},{"text":"delivered","start":3713.009,"end":3713.329},{"text":"by","start":3713.329,"end":3713.509},{"text":"the","start":3713.509,"end":3713.65},{"text":"representative","start":3713.65,"end":3714.19},{"text":"of","start":3714.19,"end":3714.47},{"text":"the","start":3714.47,"end":3714.59},{"text":"European","start":3714.59,"end":3714.93},{"text":"Union.","start":3714.93,"end":3715.689}]},{"text":"In addition, I would like to highlight a few points in my national capacity.","start":3715.689,"end":3718.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":3715.689,"end":3715.73},{"text":"addition,","start":3715.73,"end":3716.109},{"text":"I","start":3716.109,"end":3716.23},{"text":"would","start":3716.23,"end":3716.41},{"text":"like","start":3716.41,"end":3716.529},{"text":"to","start":3716.529,"end":3716.65},{"text":"highlight","start":3716.65,"end":3716.93},{"text":"a","start":3716.93,"end":3717.109},{"text":"few","start":3717.109,"end":3717.23},{"text":"points","start":3717.23,"end":3717.55},{"text":"in","start":3717.55,"end":3717.75},{"text":"my","start":3717.75,"end":3717.91},{"text":"national","start":3717.91,"end":3718.25},{"text":"capacity.","start":3718.25,"end":3718.7}]},{"text":"Space technologies and applications are key in ensuring safe, secure, and sustainable life on Earth.","start":3720.31,"end":3725.37,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. 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This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"Space","start":3720.31,"end":3720.45},{"text":"technologies","start":3720.45,"end":3720.97},{"text":"and","start":3720.97,"end":3721.17},{"text":"applications","start":3721.17,"end":3721.67},{"text":"are","start":3721.67,"end":3722.01},{"text":"key","start":3722.01,"end":3722.23},{"text":"in","start":3722.23,"end":3722.45},{"text":"ensuring","start":3722.45,"end":3722.79},{"text":"safe,","start":3722.79,"end":3723.27},{"text":"secure,","start":3723.27,"end":3723.79},{"text":"and","start":3723.79,"end":3723.87},{"text":"sustainable","start":3723.87,"end":3724.25},{"text":"life","start":3724.25,"end":3724.63},{"text":"on","start":3724.63,"end":3724.87},{"text":"Earth.","start":3724.87,"end":3725.37}]},{"text":"We believe that this committee's work is crucial in achieving that and are committed to continuing to be a responsible— and constructive partner in our global international space community.","start":3725.37,"end":3736.579,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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is committed to contributing constructively to the further advancement and development of the issues on the agenda of the Committee 69 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South Africa is honored to address this session of COPUS.","start":4107.82,"end":4114.88,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4107.82,"end":4107.84},{"text":"you,","start":4107.84,"end":4108.32},{"text":"Chairperson.","start":4108.32,"end":4109.52},{"text":"South","start":4109.66,"end":4109.86},{"text":"Africa","start":4109.86,"end":4110.18},{"text":"is","start":4110.18,"end":4110.6},{"text":"honored","start":4110.6,"end":4111.02},{"text":"to","start":4111.02,"end":4111.219},{"text":"address","start":4111.219,"end":4112.04},{"text":"this","start":4112.04,"end":4112.54},{"text":"session","start":4112.54,"end":4113.36},{"text":"of","start":4113.36,"end":4113.84},{"text":"COPUS.","start":4113.84,"end":4114.88}]},{"text":"We extend our delegation's congratulations to you, Professor Valente, for chairing this committee.","start":4114.88,"end":4121.32,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4114.88,"end":4115},{"text":"extend","start":4115,"end":4115.54},{"text":"our","start":4115.54,"end":4115.82},{"text":"delegation's","start":4115.82,"end":4116.9},{"text":"congratulations","start":4116.9,"end":4117.6},{"text":"to","start":4117.6,"end":4118.5},{"text":"you,","start":4118.5,"end":4118.94},{"text":"Professor","start":4118.94,"end":4119.28},{"text":"Valente,","start":4119.28,"end":4119.96},{"text":"for","start":4119.96,"end":4120.18},{"text":"chairing","start":4120.18,"end":4120.58},{"text":"this","start":4120.58,"end":4120.86},{"text":"committee.","start":4120.86,"end":4121.32}]},{"text":"We thank the Secretariat for their dedicated work in the preparation of this session.","start":4121.39,"end":4127.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4121.39,"end":4122.01},{"text":"thank","start":4122.01,"end":4122.39},{"text":"the","start":4122.39,"end":4122.61},{"text":"Secretariat","start":4122.61,"end":4123.53},{"text":"for","start":4123.53,"end":4123.75},{"text":"their","start":4123.75,"end":4124.03},{"text":"dedicated","start":4124.03,"end":4124.55},{"text":"work","start":4124.55,"end":4125.11},{"text":"in","start":4125.11,"end":4125.25},{"text":"the","start":4125.25,"end":4125.409},{"text":"preparation","start":4125.409,"end":4126.01},{"text":"of","start":4126.01,"end":4126.43},{"text":"this","start":4126.43,"end":4126.569},{"text":"session.","start":4126.569,"end":4127.59}]},{"text":"South Africa's delegation aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of the Africa Group and the Group of 77 and China.","start":4127.59,"end":4135.589,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"South","start":4127.59,"end":4127.609},{"text":"Africa's","start":4127.609,"end":4128.109},{"text":"delegation","start":4128.109,"end":4128.67},{"text":"aligns","start":4128.67,"end":4129.47},{"text":"itself","start":4129.47,"end":4129.749},{"text":"with","start":4129.749,"end":4130.009},{"text":"the","start":4130.009,"end":4130.15},{"text":"statements","start":4130.15,"end":4130.57},{"text":"delivered","start":4130.57,"end":4130.99},{"text":"on","start":4130.99,"end":4131.249},{"text":"behalf","start":4131.249,"end":4131.63},{"text":"of","start":4131.63,"end":4131.81},{"text":"the","start":4131.81,"end":4131.95},{"text":"Africa","start":4131.95,"end":4132.33},{"text":"Group","start":4132.33,"end":4132.83},{"text":"and","start":4132.83,"end":4133.47},{"text":"the","start":4133.47,"end":4133.53},{"text":"Group","start":4133.53,"end":4133.77},{"text":"of","start":4133.77,"end":4134.03},{"text":"77","start":4134.03,"end":4134.47},{"text":"and","start":4134.47,"end":4134.81},{"text":"China.","start":4134.81,"end":4135.589}]},{"text":"We pay homage to the new members of UN COPOUS, namely Côte d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Honduras, the Maldives, Malta, and Zimbabwe.","start":4135.589,"end":4146.09,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.","start":4379.242,"end":4381.967,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4379.242,"end":4380.348},{"text":"you,","start":4380.348,"end":4380.38},{"text":"Chair.","start":4380.428,"end":4380.62},{"text":"Bismillahirrahmanirrahim.","start":4380.685,"end":4381.967}]},{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":4382.833,"end":4383.346,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4382.833,"end":4383.025},{"text":"you,","start":4383.073,"end":4383.137},{"text":"Chair.","start":4383.153,"end":4383.346}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"In the name of God, the most merciful, the most compassionate.","start":4383.634,"end":4386.712,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4383.634,"end":4383.698},{"text":"the","start":4383.794,"end":4383.875},{"text":"name","start":4383.875,"end":4384.115},{"text":"of","start":4384.436,"end":4384.5},{"text":"God,","start":4384.532,"end":4384.692},{"text":"the","start":4384.708,"end":4384.772},{"text":"most","start":4384.772,"end":4385.029},{"text":"merciful,","start":4385.093,"end":4385.558},{"text":"the","start":4385.574,"end":4385.702},{"text":"most","start":4385.702,"end":4385.974},{"text":"compassionate.","start":4385.974,"end":4386.712}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, ladies and gentlemen, the delegation of the Iraq is honored to participate in the work of the 69th session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, expressing its deep appreciation for the pivotal role played by this committee, its two subcommittees, and the specialized expert groups in consolidating the principles of the peaceful and responsible use of outer space and promoting international cooperation in this vital field.","start":4386.776,"end":4418.22,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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extend our sincere congratulations to Your Excellency for your chairmanship and leadership of the work of this committee.","start":4418.684,"end":4425.943,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4418.684,"end":4418.78},{"text":"extend","start":4418.828,"end":4419.229},{"text":"our","start":4419.309,"end":4419.421},{"text":"sincere","start":4419.421,"end":4419.838},{"text":"congratulations","start":4419.886,"end":4420.896},{"text":"to","start":4421.088,"end":4421.232},{"text":"Your","start":4421.232,"end":4421.44},{"text":"Excellency","start":4421.473,"end":4422.017},{"text":"for","start":4422.114,"end":4422.306},{"text":"your","start":4422.354,"end":4422.482},{"text":"chairmanship","start":4422.61,"end":4423.331},{"text":"and","start":4423.476,"end":4423.556},{"text":"leadership","start":4423.572,"end":4424.277},{"text":"of","start":4424.597,"end":4424.645},{"text":"the","start":4424.71,"end":4424.838},{"text":"work","start":4424.838,"end":4425.078},{"text":"of","start":4425.158,"end":4425.318},{"text":"this","start":4425.318,"end":4425.495},{"text":"committee.","start":4425.495,"end":4425.943}]},{"text":"We assure you of our full support for the success of this session.","start":4426.12,"end":4430.558,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4426.12,"end":4426.216},{"text":"assure","start":4426.296,"end":4426.648},{"text":"you","start":4426.761,"end":4426.873},{"text":"of","start":4427.241,"end":4427.354},{"text":"our","start":4427.482,"end":4427.69},{"text":"full","start":4427.722,"end":4427.93},{"text":"support","start":4427.979,"end":4428.603},{"text":"for","start":4429.02,"end":4429.196},{"text":"the","start":4429.244,"end":4429.341},{"text":"success","start":4429.341,"end":4429.693},{"text":"of","start":4429.885,"end":4429.95},{"text":"this","start":4429.998,"end":4430.11},{"text":"session.","start":4430.158,"end":4430.558}]},{"text":"We also extend our sincere thanks to Ms. Arti Holomayni, Director of UNOSA, and to the staff of the Secretariat for their efforts in the excellent preparation for the success of the work of this session.","start":4430.623,"end":4444.276,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4430.623,"end":4430.767},{"text":"also","start":4430.767,"end":4431.007},{"text":"extend","start":4431.007,"end":4431.392},{"text":"our","start":4431.424,"end":4431.584},{"text":"sincere","start":4431.584,"end":4432.017},{"text":"thanks","start":4432.065,"end":4432.465},{"text":"to","start":4432.465,"end":4432.61},{"text":"Ms.","start":4432.706,"end":4432.882},{"text":"Arti","start":4433.01,"end":4433.251},{"text":"Holomayni,","start":4433.251,"end":4433.908},{"text":"Director","start":4434.324,"end":4434.917},{"text":"of","start":4435.013,"end":4435.19},{"text":"UNOSA,","start":4435.19,"end":4435.831},{"text":"and","start":4436.215,"end":4436.391},{"text":"to","start":4436.391,"end":4436.552},{"text":"the","start":4436.552,"end":4436.648},{"text":"staff","start":4436.648,"end":4436.984},{"text":"of","start":4437.097,"end":4437.161},{"text":"the","start":4437.193,"end":4437.273},{"text":"Secretariat","start":4437.273,"end":4438.074},{"text":"for","start":4438.074,"end":4438.234},{"text":"their","start":4438.234,"end":4438.427},{"text":"efforts","start":4438.619,"end":4438.971},{"text":"in","start":4439.019,"end":4439.084},{"text":"the","start":4439.116,"end":4439.26},{"text":"excellent","start":4439.276,"end":4439.757},{"text":"preparation","start":4439.757,"end":4440.462},{"text":"for","start":4440.782,"end":4440.974},{"text":"the","start":4440.974,"end":4441.055},{"text":"success","start":4441.055,"end":4441.632},{"text":"of","start":4441.904,"end":4442.128},{"text":"the","start":4442.321,"end":4442.865},{"text":"work","start":4443.282,"end":4443.603},{"text":"of","start":4443.603,"end":4443.747},{"text":"this","start":4443.747,"end":4443.811},{"text":"session.","start":4443.859,"end":4444.276}]},{"text":"We also endorse the statement of the Group of 77 and China.","start":4444.805,"end":4448.813,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4444.805,"end":4444.901},{"text":"also","start":4444.965,"end":4445.19},{"text":"endorse","start":4445.19,"end":4445.495},{"text":"the","start":4445.607,"end":4445.687},{"text":"statement","start":4445.687,"end":4446.232},{"text":"of","start":4446.232,"end":4446.28},{"text":"the","start":4446.344,"end":4446.472},{"text":"Group","start":4446.472,"end":4446.793},{"text":"of","start":4446.953,"end":4447.098},{"text":"77","start":4447.226,"end":4448.14},{"text":"and","start":4448.236,"end":4448.3},{"text":"China.","start":4448.396,"end":4448.813}]},{"text":"In our national capacity, we wish to highlight the following: as Iraq continues to restore its scientific and developmental role in the region, it regards the space sector as a strategic pillar for supporting sustainable development, enhancing environmental, food, and water security, and building the knowledge and technology-based economy.","start":4449.214,"end":4471.94,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. 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These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"Iraq","start":4495.639,"end":4495.912},{"text":"also","start":4496.361,"end":4496.714},{"text":"emphasizes","start":4496.762,"end":4497.388},{"text":"the","start":4497.485,"end":4497.565},{"text":"importance","start":4497.565,"end":4498.191},{"text":"of","start":4498.528,"end":4498.721},{"text":"the","start":4498.945,"end":4499.138},{"text":"role","start":4499.427,"end":4499.828},{"text":"of","start":4499.972,"end":4500.117},{"text":"the","start":4500.149,"end":4500.229},{"text":"legal","start":4500.229,"end":4500.566},{"text":"subcommittee","start":4500.566,"end":4501.417},{"text":"in","start":4501.497,"end":4501.609},{"text":"supporting","start":4501.69,"end":4502.524},{"text":"developing","start":4502.637,"end":4503.07},{"text":"countries","start":4503.118,"end":4503.567},{"text":"in","start":4503.6,"end":4503.728},{"text":"building","start":4503.76,"end":4504.209},{"text":"their","start":4504.466,"end":4504.595},{"text":"national","start":4504.659,"end":4505.14},{"text":"legislative","start":4505.847,"end":4506.489},{"text":"and","start":4506.489,"end":4506.633},{"text":"regulatory","start":4506.633,"end":4507.179},{"text":"frameworks","start":4507.291,"end":4507.917},{"text":"in","start":4508.334,"end":4508.382},{"text":"order","start":4508.495,"end":4508.8},{"text":"to","start":4508.8,"end":4508.896},{"text":"ensure","start":4508.96,"end":4509.249},{"text":"the","start":4509.377,"end":4509.458},{"text":"safe,","start":4509.458,"end":4510.003},{"text":"responsible,","start":4510.1,"end":4510.902},{"text":"and","start":4511.287,"end":4511.512},{"text":"sustainable","start":4511.528,"end":4512.25},{"text":"use","start":4512.347,"end":4512.635},{"text":"of","start":4512.828,"end":4512.924},{"text":"outer","start":4512.973,"end":4513.229},{"text":"space","start":4513.229,"end":4513.775},{"text":"and","start":4514.176,"end":4514.337},{"text":"to","start":4514.337,"end":4514.481},{"text":"reinforce","start":4514.61,"end":4515.107},{"text":"the","start":4515.219,"end":4515.316},{"text":"principles","start":4515.316,"end":4515.765},{"text":"of","start":4516.022,"end":4516.166},{"text":"transparency","start":4516.182,"end":4516.969},{"text":"and","start":4517.145,"end":4517.322},{"text":"international","start":4517.322,"end":4517.948},{"text":"cooperation.","start":4517.948,"end":4518.622}]},{"text":"On the scientific At the scientific and technical level, Iraq continues its efforts to build national capacities through the launch of specialized academic and training programs aimed at qualifying young national talents, including a national academic program targeting outstanding students and youth in the fields of space science, remote sensing, satellite engineering, and space data analysis.","start":4519.633,"end":4542.851,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":4549.04,"end":4549.424},{"text":"Iraq","start":4549.937,"end":4550.257},{"text":"is","start":4550.257,"end":4550.321},{"text":"working","start":4550.418,"end":4550.802},{"text":"on","start":4550.914,"end":4550.962},{"text":"the","start":4550.994,"end":4551.075},{"text":"preparation","start":4551.075,"end":4551.764},{"text":"and","start":4551.86,"end":4552.02},{"text":"implementation","start":4552.02,"end":4552.725},{"text":"of","start":4552.821,"end":4552.869},{"text":"a","start":4552.917,"end":4552.997},{"text":"package","start":4552.997,"end":4553.542},{"text":"of","start":4553.542,"end":4553.654},{"text":"national","start":4553.654,"end":4554.055},{"text":"projects","start":4554.103,"end":4554.68},{"text":"related","start":4554.68,"end":4555.081},{"text":"to","start":4555.081,"end":4555.225},{"text":"space","start":4555.225,"end":4555.561},{"text":"applications,","start":4555.561,"end":4556.25},{"text":"primarily","start":4557.084,"end":4557.692},{"text":"the","start":4558.189,"end":4558.381},{"text":"National","start":4558.446,"end":4558.782},{"text":"Satellite","start":4558.782,"end":4559.391},{"text":"Project,","start":4559.407,"end":4559.968},{"text":"which","start":4560.032,"end":4560.208},{"text":"aims","start":4560.352,"end":4560.577},{"text":"to","start":4560.705,"end":4560.945},{"text":"support","start":4560.945,"end":4561.394},{"text":"smart","start":4561.394,"end":4561.955},{"text":"urban","start":4562.035,"end":4562.243},{"text":"planning,","start":4562.371,"end":4562.82},{"text":"environmental","start":4563.012,"end":4563.669},{"text":"monitoring,","start":4563.717,"end":4564.262},{"text":"natural","start":4564.791,"end":4565.208},{"text":"resource","start":4565.32,"end":4565.817},{"text":"management,","start":4565.817,"end":4566.458},{"text":"agricultural","start":4566.682,"end":4567.531},{"text":"development,","start":4567.579,"end":4568.3},{"text":"and","start":4568.445,"end":4568.685},{"text":"the","start":4568.685,"end":4568.781},{"text":"advancement","start":4568.781,"end":4569.486},{"text":"of","start":4569.502,"end":4569.598},{"text":"sustainable","start":4569.646,"end":4570.271},{"text":"development","start":4570.287,"end":4571.008},{"text":"efforts,","start":4571.008,"end":4571.425},{"text":"in","start":4571.649,"end":4571.697},{"text":"addition","start":4571.81,"end":4572.354},{"text":"to","start":4572.707,"end":4572.835},{"text":"establishing","start":4572.867,"end":4573.556},{"text":"and","start":4573.732,"end":4573.797},{"text":"developing","start":4573.813,"end":4574.341},{"text":"national","start":4574.55,"end":4575.014},{"text":"platforms","start":4575.11,"end":4575.719},{"text":"for","start":4575.8,"end":4575.912},{"text":"satellite","start":4575.912,"end":4576.553},{"text":"imagery","start":4576.553,"end":4576.922},{"text":"and","start":4577.66,"end":4577.756},{"text":"space","start":4577.756,"end":4578.125},{"text":"data","start":4578.238,"end":4578.719},{"text":"to","start":4578.719,"end":4578.863},{"text":"serve","start":4578.863,"end":4579.168},{"text":"governmental","start":4579.2,"end":4579.858},{"text":"institutions,","start":4579.986,"end":4580.772},{"text":"research","start":4580.965,"end":4581.382},{"text":"centers,","start":4581.382,"end":4581.895},{"text":"and","start":4582.071,"end":4582.136},{"text":"the","start":4582.168,"end":4582.248},{"text":"development","start":4582.248,"end":4582.89},{"text":"sector.","start":4582.906,"end":4583.387}]},{"text":"Iraq equally underscores the importance of the role played by expert groups and specialized committees of the UN in raising awareness of space conditions, promoting the exchange of expertise and knowledge, and supporting international initiatives aimed at ensuring the sustainability of outer space environment, particularly in light of growing challenges related to space debris, space security, and the long-term sustainability of outer space activities.","start":4583.772,"end":4611.009,"topics":[{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."},{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."}],"words":[{"text":"Iraq","start":4583.772,"end":4584.109},{"text":"equally","start":4584.558,"end":4584.879},{"text":"underscores","start":4584.879,"end":4585.392},{"text":"the","start":4585.392,"end":4585.44},{"text":"importance","start":4585.456,"end":4586.082},{"text":"of","start":4586.162,"end":4586.274},{"text":"the","start":4586.274,"end":4586.419},{"text":"role","start":4586.419,"end":4586.98},{"text":"played","start":4586.98,"end":4587.461},{"text":"by","start":4587.461,"end":4587.686},{"text":"expert","start":4587.702,"end":4588.103},{"text":"groups","start":4588.103,"end":4588.488},{"text":"and","start":4588.488,"end":4588.536},{"text":"specialized","start":4588.536,"end":4589.29},{"text":"committees","start":4589.29,"end":4589.835},{"text":"of","start":4589.948,"end":4590.076},{"text":"the","start":4590.108,"end":4590.172},{"text":"UN","start":4590.188,"end":4590.557},{"text":"in","start":4590.589,"end":4590.637},{"text":"raising","start":4590.734,"end":4591.07},{"text":"awareness","start":4591.086,"end":4591.584},{"text":"of","start":4592.257,"end":4592.402},{"text":"space","start":4592.658,"end":4593.027},{"text":"conditions,","start":4593.396,"end":4593.926},{"text":"promoting","start":4594.038,"end":4594.487},{"text":"the","start":4594.599,"end":4594.664},{"text":"exchange","start":4594.664,"end":4595.097},{"text":"of","start":4595.145,"end":4595.241},{"text":"expertise","start":4595.241,"end":4595.77},{"text":"and","start":4595.802,"end":4595.963},{"text":"knowledge,","start":4595.963,"end":4596.38},{"text":"and","start":4596.829,"end":4596.909},{"text":"supporting","start":4596.909,"end":4597.374},{"text":"international","start":4597.423,"end":4598.048},{"text":"initiatives","start":4598.048,"end":4598.706},{"text":"aimed","start":4599.155,"end":4599.396},{"text":"at","start":4599.396,"end":4599.636},{"text":"ensuring","start":4599.636,"end":4600.021},{"text":"the","start":4600.133,"end":4600.214},{"text":"sustainability","start":4600.214,"end":4601.064},{"text":"of","start":4601.16,"end":4601.208},{"text":"outer","start":4601.32,"end":4601.577},{"text":"space","start":4601.577,"end":4601.962},{"text":"environment,","start":4601.962,"end":4602.443},{"text":"particularly","start":4602.459,"end":4603.149},{"text":"in","start":4603.41,"end":4603.67},{"text":"light","start":4603.67,"end":4603.93},{"text":"of","start":4603.93,"end":4604.09},{"text":"growing","start":4604.09,"end":4604.35},{"text":"challenges","start":4604.35,"end":4604.93},{"text":"related","start":4604.93,"end":4605.35},{"text":"to","start":4605.35,"end":4605.57},{"text":"space","start":4605.57,"end":4605.81},{"text":"debris,","start":4605.81,"end":4606.46},{"text":"space","start":4606.91,"end":4606.97},{"text":"security,","start":4606.97,"end":4608.009},{"text":"and","start":4608.009,"end":4608.009},{"text":"the","start":4608.009,"end":4608.169},{"text":"long-term","start":4608.169,"end":4608.53},{"text":"sustainability","start":4608.53,"end":4609.27},{"text":"of","start":4609.27,"end":4609.589},{"text":"outer","start":4609.589,"end":4609.89},{"text":"space","start":4609.89,"end":4610.209},{"text":"activities.","start":4610.209,"end":4611.009}]},{"text":"Iraq firmly believes in the principle of international partnership.","start":4611.27,"end":4616.189,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Iraq","start":4611.27,"end":4612.05},{"text":"firmly","start":4612.05,"end":4612.81},{"text":"believes","start":4612.81,"end":4613.35},{"text":"in","start":4613.35,"end":4613.67},{"text":"the","start":4613.67,"end":4613.67},{"text":"principle","start":4613.67,"end":4614.17},{"text":"of","start":4614.17,"end":4614.449},{"text":"international","start":4614.449,"end":4614.949},{"text":"partnership.","start":4614.949,"end":4616.189}]},{"text":"Hence, we look forward to the support of member states, international organizations, and scientific and technical institutions in assisting Iraq in the implementation of these strategic projects through scientific cooperation, technology transfer, training programs, and capacity-building initiatives in a manner that contributes to achieving development, stability, and shared prosperity.","start":4616.189,"end":4637.8,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4974.58,"end":4974.66},{"text":"that","start":4974.66,"end":4974.86},{"text":"respect,","start":4974.86,"end":4975.36},{"text":"my","start":4975.92,"end":4976.06},{"text":"delegation","start":4976.06,"end":4976.499},{"text":"welcomes","start":4976.499,"end":4976.98},{"text":"the","start":4976.98,"end":4977.18},{"text":"new","start":4977.18,"end":4977.34},{"text":"members","start":4977.34,"end":4977.64},{"text":"to","start":4977.64,"end":4977.819},{"text":"the","start":4977.819,"end":4978.499},{"text":"committee:","start":4978.499,"end":4979.239},{"text":"Côte","start":4979.239,"end":4979.319},{"text":"d'Ivoire,","start":4979.319,"end":4979.96},{"text":"Gambia,","start":4979.96,"end":4980.6},{"text":"Honduras,","start":4980.6,"end":4981.44},{"text":"Maldives,","start":4981.44,"end":4982.44},{"text":"Malta,","start":4982.44,"end":4982.98},{"text":"and","start":4982.98,"end":4983.38},{"text":"Zimbabwe.","start":4983.38,"end":4985.24}]},{"text":"Chair, given the mentioned limited financial and human resources of UNOSA, it is important that we reach agreement on the recommendations by the Working Group of the Whole on the liquidity crisis measures and working methods.","start":4985.24,"end":4997.746,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5015.446,"end":5015.591},{"text":"work","start":5015.591,"end":5015.784},{"text":"undertaken","start":5015.848,"end":5016.394},{"text":"can","start":5016.394,"end":5016.555},{"text":"also","start":5016.555,"end":5016.747},{"text":"contribute","start":5016.747,"end":5017.197},{"text":"to","start":5017.197,"end":5017.294},{"text":"enable","start":5017.294,"end":5017.679},{"text":"the","start":5017.679,"end":5017.711},{"text":"implementation","start":5017.711,"end":5018.434},{"text":"of","start":5018.482,"end":5018.53},{"text":"the","start":5018.579,"end":5018.659},{"text":"existing","start":5018.659,"end":5019.109},{"text":"guidelines.","start":5019.526,"end":5019.992}]},{"text":"While important work is taking place in the SSA expert group under the STSE, we believe there is also a need to discuss the legal framework for space traffic management in the LSE.","start":5021.854,"end":5031.729,"topics":[{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. 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They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5032.789,"end":5032.885},{"text":"therefore","start":5032.885,"end":5033.206},{"text":"ask","start":5033.255,"end":5033.495},{"text":"that","start":5033.511,"end":5033.656},{"text":"the","start":5033.656,"end":5033.752},{"text":"committee","start":5033.752,"end":5034.073},{"text":"takes","start":5034.154,"end":5034.459},{"text":"note","start":5034.459,"end":5034.796},{"text":"of","start":5034.796,"end":5034.844},{"text":"this","start":5034.892,"end":5035.005},{"text":"need","start":5035.101,"end":5035.422},{"text":"and","start":5035.438,"end":5035.502},{"text":"encourage","start":5035.535,"end":5035.936},{"text":"further","start":5036.064,"end":5036.321},{"text":"discussions","start":5036.337,"end":5036.98},{"text":"as","start":5037.124,"end":5037.204},{"text":"well","start":5037.285,"end":5037.397},{"text":"as","start":5037.445,"end":5037.526},{"text":"continuation","start":5037.59,"end":5038.377},{"text":"of","start":5038.569,"end":5038.666},{"text":"the","start":5038.666,"end":5038.794},{"text":"collection","start":5038.794,"end":5039.212},{"text":"of","start":5039.212,"end":5039.292},{"text":"information","start":5039.292,"end":5039.838},{"text":"on","start":5040.095,"end":5040.159},{"text":"the","start":5040.175,"end":5040.239},{"text":"legal","start":5040.239,"end":5040.592},{"text":"policy—","start":5040.657,"end":5041.186},{"text":"legal","start":5042.005,"end":5042.327},{"text":"and","start":5042.327,"end":5042.487},{"text":"policy","start":5042.487,"end":5042.824},{"text":"aspects","start":5042.888,"end":5043.194},{"text":"of","start":5043.386,"end":5043.483},{"text":"space","start":5043.531,"end":5043.788},{"text":"traffic","start":5043.788,"end":5044.334},{"text":"in","start":5044.35,"end":5044.446},{"text":"the","start":5044.494,"end":5044.59},{"text":"LSE.","start":5044.59,"end":5044.799}]},{"text":"Regarding the Working Group on Long-Term Sustainability, Norway awaits that agreement will be reached on the work plan of the working group so that it can be endorsed by this session of the committee.","start":5046.3,"end":5056.64,"topics":[{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Regarding","start":5046.3,"end":5047},{"text":"the","start":5047,"end":5047.22},{"text":"Working","start":5047.22,"end":5047.5},{"text":"Group","start":5047.5,"end":5047.72},{"text":"on","start":5047.72,"end":5047.94},{"text":"Long-Term","start":5047.94,"end":5048.28},{"text":"Sustainability,","start":5048.28,"end":5048.98},{"text":"Norway","start":5049.44,"end":5049.699},{"text":"awaits","start":5049.699,"end":5050.06},{"text":"that","start":5050.06,"end":5050.279},{"text":"agreement","start":5050.279,"end":5050.68},{"text":"will","start":5050.68,"end":5050.92},{"text":"be","start":5050.92,"end":5051.039},{"text":"reached","start":5051.039,"end":5051.34},{"text":"on","start":5051.34,"end":5051.579},{"text":"the","start":5051.579,"end":5051.88},{"text":"work","start":5051.88,"end":5052.1},{"text":"plan","start":5052.1,"end":5052.3},{"text":"of","start":5052.3,"end":5052.44},{"text":"the","start":5052.44,"end":5052.96},{"text":"working","start":5052.96,"end":5053.06},{"text":"group","start":5053.06,"end":5053.42},{"text":"so","start":5053.42,"end":5054.08},{"text":"that","start":5054.08,"end":5054.22},{"text":"it","start":5054.22,"end":5054.4},{"text":"can","start":5054.4,"end":5054.58},{"text":"be","start":5054.58,"end":5054.66},{"text":"endorsed","start":5054.66,"end":5055.06},{"text":"by","start":5055.06,"end":5055.36},{"text":"this","start":5055.36,"end":5055.54},{"text":"session","start":5055.54,"end":5055.78},{"text":"of","start":5055.78,"end":5055.98},{"text":"the","start":5055.98,"end":5056.14},{"text":"committee.","start":5056.14,"end":5056.64}]},{"text":"As a good example of Nordic collaboration, allow me also to mention the European Incoherent Scatter Facility, iSCAT, with research infrastructure in the three Nordic countries, Finland, Sweden, and Norway.","start":5057.94,"end":5070.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5057.94,"end":5058.64},{"text":"a","start":5058.64,"end":5058.74},{"text":"good","start":5058.74,"end":5058.92},{"text":"example","start":5058.92,"end":5059.28},{"text":"of","start":5059.28,"end":5059.44},{"text":"Nordic","start":5059.44,"end":5059.72},{"text":"collaboration,","start":5059.72,"end":5060.38},{"text":"allow","start":5060.38,"end":5060.88},{"text":"me","start":5060.88,"end":5061.02},{"text":"also","start":5061.02,"end":5061.32},{"text":"to","start":5061.32,"end":5061.5},{"text":"mention","start":5061.5,"end":5062.16},{"text":"the","start":5062.16,"end":5062.44},{"text":"European","start":5062.44,"end":5062.94},{"text":"Incoherent","start":5062.94,"end":5063.66},{"text":"Scatter","start":5063.66,"end":5064.04},{"text":"Facility,","start":5064.04,"end":5064.82},{"text":"iSCAT,","start":5064.82,"end":5065.6},{"text":"with","start":5065.6,"end":5065.8},{"text":"research","start":5065.8,"end":5066.3},{"text":"infrastructure","start":5066.3,"end":5066.96},{"text":"in","start":5066.96,"end":5067.4},{"text":"the","start":5067.4,"end":5067.58},{"text":"three","start":5067.58,"end":5067.74},{"text":"Nordic","start":5067.74,"end":5068.12},{"text":"countries,","start":5068.12,"end":5068.7},{"text":"Finland,","start":5068.7,"end":5069.3},{"text":"Sweden,","start":5069.3,"end":5070},{"text":"and","start":5070,"end":5070.12},{"text":"Norway.","start":5070.12,"end":5070.58}]},{"text":"EISCAT capitalizes on the advantageous Arctic location and relevant competences in space weather.","start":5071.11,"end":5077.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"EISCAT","start":5071.11,"end":5071.91},{"text":"capitalizes","start":5071.91,"end":5072.77},{"text":"on","start":5072.77,"end":5072.99},{"text":"the","start":5072.99,"end":5073.21},{"text":"advantageous","start":5073.21,"end":5073.93},{"text":"Arctic","start":5073.93,"end":5074.31},{"text":"location","start":5074.31,"end":5074.929},{"text":"and","start":5074.929,"end":5075.25},{"text":"relevant","start":5075.25,"end":5075.61},{"text":"competences","start":5075.61,"end":5076.25},{"text":"in","start":5076.25,"end":5076.55},{"text":"space","start":5076.55,"end":5076.809},{"text":"weather.","start":5076.809,"end":5077.71}]},{"text":"The new EISCAT-3D facility with a transmitter in Norway is expected to be operational this year.","start":5078.11,"end":5083.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5078.11,"end":5078.189},{"text":"new","start":5078.189,"end":5078.45},{"text":"EISCAT-3D","start":5078.45,"end":5079.21},{"text":"facility","start":5079.21,"end":5079.65},{"text":"with","start":5079.65,"end":5079.93},{"text":"a","start":5079.93,"end":5080.15},{"text":"transmitter","start":5080.15,"end":5080.489},{"text":"in","start":5080.489,"end":5080.669},{"text":"Norway","start":5080.669,"end":5081.07},{"text":"is","start":5081.07,"end":5081.35},{"text":"expected","start":5081.35,"end":5081.73},{"text":"to","start":5081.73,"end":5081.89},{"text":"be","start":5081.89,"end":5082.03},{"text":"operational","start":5082.03,"end":5082.47},{"text":"this","start":5082.47,"end":5082.749},{"text":"year.","start":5082.749,"end":5083.7}]},{"text":"The facility also has potential to contribute to space debris mitigation and observation of near-Earth objects in addition to space weather research, thus giving relevant research contributions to the protection of Earth and space infrastructure.","start":5083.989,"end":5096.734,"topics":[{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5083.989,"end":5084.15},{"text":"facility","start":5084.15,"end":5084.409},{"text":"also","start":5084.409,"end":5084.749},{"text":"has","start":5084.749,"end":5084.95},{"text":"potential","start":5084.95,"end":5085.39},{"text":"to","start":5085.39,"end":5085.63},{"text":"contribute","start":5085.63,"end":5086.05},{"text":"to","start":5086.05,"end":5086.27},{"text":"space","start":5086.27,"end":5086.53},{"text":"debris","start":5086.53,"end":5086.81},{"text":"mitigation","start":5086.81,"end":5087.35},{"text":"and","start":5087.35,"end":5087.79},{"text":"observation","start":5087.79,"end":5088.35},{"text":"of","start":5088.35,"end":5088.57},{"text":"near-Earth","start":5088.57,"end":5089.15},{"text":"objects","start":5089.15,"end":5089.83},{"text":"in","start":5089.83,"end":5090.17},{"text":"addition","start":5090.17,"end":5090.53},{"text":"to","start":5090.53,"end":5090.73},{"text":"space","start":5090.73,"end":5091.01},{"text":"weather","start":5091.01,"end":5091.21},{"text":"research,","start":5091.21,"end":5092.06},{"text":"thus","start":5092.17,"end":5092.43},{"text":"giving","start":5092.43,"end":5092.71},{"text":"relevant","start":5092.71,"end":5093.15},{"text":"research","start":5093.15,"end":5093.51},{"text":"contributions","start":5093.51,"end":5094.13},{"text":"to","start":5094.13,"end":5094.41},{"text":"the","start":5094.41,"end":5094.47},{"text":"protection","start":5094.47,"end":5094.95},{"text":"of","start":5094.95,"end":5095.19},{"text":"Earth","start":5095.19,"end":5095.47},{"text":"and","start":5095.47,"end":5095.71},{"text":"space","start":5095.71,"end":5096.13},{"text":"infrastructure.","start":5096.156,"end":5096.734}]},{"text":"On the domestic side, a new Norwegian Space Act will enter into force on the 1st of July this year.","start":5098.501,"end":5103.351,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":5098.501,"end":5098.549},{"text":"the","start":5098.565,"end":5098.597},{"text":"domestic","start":5098.597,"end":5099.047},{"text":"side,","start":5099.047,"end":5099.432},{"text":"a","start":5099.625,"end":5099.641},{"text":"new","start":5099.641,"end":5099.802},{"text":"Norwegian","start":5099.802,"end":5100.203},{"text":"Space","start":5100.203,"end":5100.46},{"text":"Act","start":5100.572,"end":5100.829},{"text":"will","start":5100.829,"end":5100.974},{"text":"enter","start":5100.974,"end":5101.231},{"text":"into","start":5101.231,"end":5101.472},{"text":"force","start":5101.472,"end":5101.809},{"text":"on","start":5102.098,"end":5102.146},{"text":"the","start":5102.179,"end":5102.259},{"text":"1st","start":5102.259,"end":5102.468},{"text":"of","start":5102.532,"end":5102.596},{"text":"July","start":5102.596,"end":5102.901},{"text":"this","start":5102.901,"end":5103.078},{"text":"year.","start":5103.078,"end":5103.351}]},{"text":"The new act will facilitate space activities that contribute to business development, innovation, and the peaceful exploration of outer space with due regard to the environment and sustainability.","start":5104.042,"end":5113.967,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."},{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5104.042,"end":5104.106},{"text":"new","start":5104.106,"end":5104.282},{"text":"act","start":5104.282,"end":5104.507},{"text":"will","start":5104.507,"end":5104.604},{"text":"facilitate","start":5104.604,"end":5105.118},{"text":"space","start":5105.118,"end":5105.551},{"text":"activities","start":5105.551,"end":5106.017},{"text":"that","start":5106.274,"end":5106.435},{"text":"contribute","start":5106.435,"end":5106.852},{"text":"to","start":5106.852,"end":5106.997},{"text":"business","start":5106.997,"end":5107.318},{"text":"development,","start":5107.318,"end":5108.057},{"text":"innovation,","start":5108.137,"end":5108.747},{"text":"and","start":5108.924,"end":5109.004},{"text":"the","start":5109.02,"end":5109.101},{"text":"peaceful","start":5109.101,"end":5109.47},{"text":"exploration","start":5109.502,"end":5110.144},{"text":"of","start":5110.144,"end":5110.273},{"text":"outer","start":5110.289,"end":5110.401},{"text":"space","start":5110.401,"end":5110.803},{"text":"with","start":5111.269,"end":5111.413},{"text":"due","start":5111.429,"end":5111.574},{"text":"regard","start":5111.59,"end":5111.959},{"text":"to","start":5112.088,"end":5112.216},{"text":"the","start":5112.216,"end":5112.264},{"text":"environment","start":5112.313,"end":5113.051},{"text":"and","start":5113.18,"end":5113.276},{"text":"sustainability.","start":5113.276,"end":5113.967}]},{"text":"The act is a framework legislation, and the corresponding regulations are not yet in place.","start":5115.107,"end":5119.668,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. 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These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5120.503,"end":5120.648},{"text":"regulator","start":5120.648,"end":5121.146},{"text":"will","start":5121.146,"end":5121.274},{"text":"be","start":5121.306,"end":5121.387},{"text":"the","start":5121.387,"end":5121.483},{"text":"Norwegian","start":5121.483,"end":5121.933},{"text":"Civil","start":5121.933,"end":5122.206},{"text":"Aviation","start":5122.254,"end":5122.415},{"text":"Authority.","start":5122.415,"end":5122.559}]},{"text":"A new Norwegian white paper on space activities will also be drafted this year and will be finalized in 2027.","start":5124.598,"end":5130.539,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":5124.598,"end":5124.614},{"text":"new","start":5124.614,"end":5124.823},{"text":"Norwegian","start":5124.823,"end":5125.176},{"text":"white","start":5125.225,"end":5125.482},{"text":"paper","start":5125.482,"end":5125.899},{"text":"on","start":5126.027,"end":5126.108},{"text":"space","start":5126.108,"end":5126.429},{"text":"activities","start":5126.429,"end":5126.895},{"text":"will","start":5126.991,"end":5127.167},{"text":"also","start":5127.167,"end":5127.473},{"text":"be","start":5127.473,"end":5127.553},{"text":"drafted","start":5127.553,"end":5127.97},{"text":"this","start":5127.97,"end":5128.083},{"text":"year","start":5128.195,"end":5128.532},{"text":"and","start":5128.532,"end":5128.597},{"text":"will","start":5128.613,"end":5128.773},{"text":"be","start":5128.773,"end":5128.869},{"text":"finalized","start":5128.869,"end":5129.496},{"text":"in","start":5129.56,"end":5129.608},{"text":"2027.","start":5129.72,"end":5130.539}]},{"text":"Chair, space is a global commons of utmost and increasing importance.","start":5132.29,"end":5136.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":5132.29,"end":5132.562},{"text":"space","start":5132.868,"end":5133.301},{"text":"is","start":5133.365,"end":5133.51},{"text":"a","start":5133.51,"end":5133.59},{"text":"global","start":5133.59,"end":5133.879},{"text":"commons","start":5133.911,"end":5134.329},{"text":"of","start":5134.473,"end":5134.57},{"text":"utmost","start":5134.618,"end":5135.18},{"text":"and","start":5135.18,"end":5135.276},{"text":"increasing","start":5135.276,"end":5135.726},{"text":"importance.","start":5135.774,"end":5136.4}]},{"text":"In this context, we remain committed to advancing the Sustainable Development Goals and the Space 2030 agenda.","start":5136.721,"end":5142.983,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. 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This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5144.509,"end":5144.637},{"text":"the","start":5144.653,"end":5144.733},{"text":"use","start":5144.749,"end":5145.071},{"text":"of","start":5145.071,"end":5145.199},{"text":"outer","start":5145.295,"end":5145.472},{"text":"space","start":5145.472,"end":5145.745},{"text":"increases","start":5145.857,"end":5146.275},{"text":"in","start":5146.355,"end":5146.419},{"text":"scale,","start":5146.419,"end":5146.708},{"text":"complexity,","start":5146.997,"end":5147.624},{"text":"and","start":5147.704,"end":5147.8},{"text":"diversity,","start":5147.8,"end":5148.137},{"text":"of","start":5148.17,"end":5148.346},{"text":"actors,","start":5148.346,"end":5148.73},{"text":"we","start":5149.067,"end":5149.147},{"text":"need","start":5149.147,"end":5149.275},{"text":"to","start":5149.323,"end":5149.467},{"text":"redouble","start":5149.483,"end":5149.916},{"text":"our","start":5149.964,"end":5150.076},{"text":"efforts","start":5150.108,"end":5150.461},{"text":"to","start":5150.605,"end":5150.717},{"text":"ensure","start":5150.749,"end":5151.038},{"text":"that","start":5151.086,"end":5151.23},{"text":"space","start":5151.23,"end":5151.647},{"text":"remains","start":5151.647,"end":5151.935},{"text":"safe,","start":5151.951,"end":5152.368},{"text":"sustainable,","start":5152.432,"end":5153.137},{"text":"and","start":5153.553,"end":5153.634},{"text":"to","start":5153.73,"end":5153.81},{"text":"the","start":5153.81,"end":5153.89},{"text":"benefit","start":5153.89,"end":5154.371},{"text":"of","start":5154.371,"end":5154.467},{"text":"all.","start":5154.467,"end":5154.547}]},{"text":"Norway supports the convening of UNISPACE IV, which would provide an effective platform to respond to the calls in the Pact for the Future and bolster space governance at a critical time.","start":5155.572,"end":5165.267,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Norway","start":5155.572,"end":5155.749},{"text":"supports","start":5155.749,"end":5156.213},{"text":"the","start":5156.213,"end":5156.358},{"text":"convening","start":5156.358,"end":5156.774},{"text":"of","start":5156.774,"end":5156.87},{"text":"UNISPACE","start":5156.918,"end":5157.287},{"text":"IV,","start":5157.287,"end":5157.607},{"text":"which","start":5157.976,"end":5158.088},{"text":"would","start":5158.2,"end":5158.329},{"text":"provide","start":5158.857,"end":5159.178},{"text":"an","start":5159.178,"end":5159.226},{"text":"effective","start":5159.258,"end":5159.659},{"text":"platform","start":5159.659,"end":5160.155},{"text":"to","start":5160.203,"end":5160.299},{"text":"respond","start":5160.299,"end":5160.7},{"text":"to","start":5160.7,"end":5160.796},{"text":"the","start":5160.796,"end":5160.94},{"text":"calls","start":5160.94,"end":5161.277},{"text":"in","start":5161.501,"end":5161.581},{"text":"the","start":5161.581,"end":5161.661},{"text":"Pact","start":5161.661,"end":5161.95},{"text":"for","start":5161.966,"end":5162.078},{"text":"the","start":5162.078,"end":5162.142},{"text":"Future","start":5162.142,"end":5162.639},{"text":"and","start":5163.024,"end":5163.088},{"text":"bolster","start":5163.184,"end":5163.504},{"text":"space","start":5163.504,"end":5163.889},{"text":"governance","start":5163.889,"end":5164.257},{"text":"at","start":5164.45,"end":5164.546},{"text":"a","start":5164.546,"end":5164.61},{"text":"critical","start":5164.61,"end":5164.946},{"text":"time.","start":5164.946,"end":5165.267}]},{"text":"We hope a decision to hold such a conference in 2027 can be made by the committee during this session.","start":5166.068,"end":5171.244,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5166.068,"end":5166.132},{"text":"hope","start":5166.132,"end":5166.308},{"text":"a","start":5166.308,"end":5166.324},{"text":"decision","start":5166.324,"end":5166.773},{"text":"to","start":5166.773,"end":5166.821},{"text":"hold","start":5166.869,"end":5167.174},{"text":"such","start":5167.174,"end":5167.318},{"text":"a","start":5167.35,"end":5167.43},{"text":"conference","start":5167.43,"end":5167.911},{"text":"in","start":5167.911,"end":5167.959},{"text":"2027","start":5168.071,"end":5168.888},{"text":"can","start":5169.577,"end":5169.673},{"text":"be","start":5169.673,"end":5169.753},{"text":"made","start":5169.77,"end":5169.994},{"text":"by","start":5169.994,"end":5170.154},{"text":"the","start":5170.154,"end":5170.234},{"text":"committee","start":5170.298,"end":5170.571},{"text":"during","start":5170.571,"end":5170.827},{"text":"this","start":5170.875,"end":5170.955},{"text":"session.","start":5170.955,"end":5171.244}]},{"text":"Finally, Chair, we all agree that the UN Charter applies to the conduct of states in outer space.","start":5172.381,"end":5177.84,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally,","start":5172.381,"end":5172.686},{"text":"Chair,","start":5172.718,"end":5173.118},{"text":"we","start":5173.679,"end":5173.759},{"text":"all","start":5173.759,"end":5173.856},{"text":"agree","start":5173.856,"end":5174.16},{"text":"that","start":5174.16,"end":5174.32},{"text":"the","start":5174.32,"end":5174.464},{"text":"UN","start":5174.464,"end":5174.641},{"text":"Charter","start":5174.641,"end":5175.025},{"text":"applies","start":5175.27,"end":5175.509},{"text":"to","start":5175.509,"end":5175.77},{"text":"the","start":5175.77,"end":5175.83},{"text":"conduct","start":5175.83,"end":5176.17},{"text":"of","start":5176.17,"end":5176.39},{"text":"states","start":5176.39,"end":5176.73},{"text":"in","start":5176.73,"end":5177.01},{"text":"outer","start":5177.01,"end":5177.19},{"text":"space.","start":5177.19,"end":5177.84}]},{"text":"So too does international humanitarian law.","start":5178.15,"end":5181.05,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":5178.15,"end":5178.31},{"text":"too","start":5178.31,"end":5178.71},{"text":"does","start":5178.71,"end":5179.01},{"text":"international","start":5179.01,"end":5179.489},{"text":"humanitarian","start":5179.489,"end":5180.09},{"text":"law.","start":5180.09,"end":5181.05}]},{"text":"We strongly condemn Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine and its violation of Ukraine's territorial integrity, actions which have ramifications also for the space domain.","start":5181.05,"end":5191.049,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space 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you, Chair.","start":5191.049,"end":5192.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5191.049,"end":5191.29},{"text":"you,","start":5191.29,"end":5191.49},{"text":"Chair.","start":5191.49,"end":5192.09}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"NOR","affiliation_full":"Norway","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":5194.17,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=5195","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Norway for the statement.","start":5194.17,"end":5200.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5194.17,"end":5194.75},{"text":"thank","start":5194.75,"end":5195.19},{"text":"the","start":5195.19,"end":5195.47},{"text":"distinguished","start":5195.47,"end":5196.17},{"text":"representative","start":5196.17,"end":5197.23},{"text":"of","start":5197.23,"end":5197.81},{"text":"Norway","start":5197.81,"end":5198.17},{"text":"for","start":5198.17,"end":5198.61},{"text":"the","start":5198.61,"end":5198.81},{"text":"statement.","start":5198.81,"end":5200.26}]},{"text":"And the next The next speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of India.","start":5200.35,"end":5206.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5200.35,"end":5200.65},{"text":"the","start":5200.65,"end":5200.79},{"text":"next","start":5200.79,"end":5201.05},{"text":"The","start":5201.002,"end":5201.114},{"text":"next","start":5201.114,"end":5201.322},{"text":"speaker","start":5201.322,"end":5201.45},{"text":"on","start":5201.466,"end":5201.514},{"text":"my","start":5201.514,"end":5201.819},{"text":"list","start":5201.883,"end":5202.38},{"text":"is","start":5202.38,"end":5203.293},{"text":"the","start":5203.325,"end":5203.485},{"text":"distinguished","start":5203.485,"end":5204.383},{"text":"representative","start":5204.431,"end":5205.456},{"text":"of","start":5205.633,"end":5205.681},{"text":"India.","start":5205.953,"end":5206.45}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":24,"start":5208.293,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=5209","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":5208.293,"end":5209.174,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5208.293,"end":5208.517},{"text":"you,","start":5208.517,"end":5208.597},{"text":"Mr.","start":5208.613,"end":5208.758},{"text":"Chair.","start":5208.854,"end":5209.174}]},{"text":"At the outset, the Indian delegation congratulates you on your election as the chair of the 69th session of COPAS.","start":5209.991,"end":5216.674,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5209.991,"end":5210.12},{"text":"the","start":5210.12,"end":5210.168},{"text":"outset,","start":5210.2,"end":5210.777},{"text":"the","start":5211.338,"end":5211.498},{"text":"Indian","start":5211.498,"end":5211.722},{"text":"delegation","start":5211.738,"end":5212.171},{"text":"congratulates","start":5212.219,"end":5212.924},{"text":"you","start":5212.924,"end":5213.084},{"text":"on","start":5213.421,"end":5213.469},{"text":"your","start":5213.565,"end":5213.725},{"text":"election","start":5213.725,"end":5214.11},{"text":"as","start":5214.222,"end":5214.27},{"text":"the","start":5214.302,"end":5214.398},{"text":"chair","start":5214.398,"end":5214.687},{"text":"of","start":5214.687,"end":5214.831},{"text":"the","start":5215.103,"end":5215.2},{"text":"69th","start":5215.2,"end":5215.873},{"text":"session","start":5215.889,"end":5216.177},{"text":"of","start":5216.209,"end":5216.305},{"text":"COPAS.","start":5216.369,"end":5216.674}]},{"text":"We commend the committee for its important role and express our appreciation to the Secretariat for its continued effort in supporting the work of the 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extend our full cooperation and support for the successful conduct of this session.","start":5226.87,"end":5231.78,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5226.87,"end":5227.63},{"text":"extend","start":5227.63,"end":5228.03},{"text":"our","start":5228.03,"end":5228.35},{"text":"full","start":5228.35,"end":5228.53},{"text":"cooperation","start":5228.53,"end":5228.89},{"text":"and","start":5228.89,"end":5229.11},{"text":"support","start":5229.11,"end":5229.55},{"text":"for","start":5229.55,"end":5229.81},{"text":"the","start":5229.81,"end":5229.97},{"text":"successful","start":5229.97,"end":5230.35},{"text":"conduct","start":5230.35,"end":5230.73},{"text":"of","start":5230.73,"end":5230.99},{"text":"this","start":5230.99,"end":5231.129},{"text":"session.","start":5231.129,"end":5231.78}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr.","start":5233.57,"end":5233.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":5233.57,"end":5233.61}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair and distinguished delegates, while congratulating the achievements of other member states, the Indian delegation would like to brief this august gathering on India's major space activities since the last 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achieved a historic milestone in human spaceflight with successful participation of Group Captain Subhash Shukla as a pilot in Axiom 4 mission launched in June 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marked India's return to the human spaceflight after more than 4 decades, and the first Indian astronaut visited the International Space 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Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":5372.86,"end":5373.14},{"text":"the","start":5373.14,"end":5373.48},{"text":"Center","start":5373.48,"end":5373.76},{"text":"for","start":5373.76,"end":5374.16},{"text":"Space","start":5374.16,"end":5374.64},{"text":"Science","start":5374.64,"end":5374.96},{"text":"and","start":5374.96,"end":5375.08},{"text":"Technology","start":5375.08,"end":5375.52},{"text":"Education","start":5375.52,"end":5376.08},{"text":"in","start":5376.08,"end":5376.5},{"text":"Asia","start":5376.5,"end":5376.94},{"text":"and","start":5376.94,"end":5377.22},{"text":"the","start":5377.22,"end":5377.22},{"text":"Pacific","start":5377.22,"end":5377.64},{"text":"and","start":5377.64,"end":5378.14},{"text":"other","start":5378.14,"end":5378.48},{"text":"institutional","start":5378.48,"end":5379.12},{"text":"mechanisms,","start":5379.12,"end":5380.17},{"text":"India","start":5380.24,"end":5380.54},{"text":"supports","start":5380.54,"end":5381.08},{"text":"training,","start":5381.16,"end":5382.06},{"text":"education,","start":5382.06,"end":5383},{"text":"and","start":5383,"end":5383.02},{"text":"skill","start":5383.02,"end":5383.26},{"text":"development","start":5383.26,"end":5383.8},{"text":"in","start":5383.8,"end":5384.12},{"text":"space","start":5384.12,"end":5384.4},{"text":"science,","start":5384.4,"end":5385.019},{"text":"technology,","start":5385.019,"end":5385.6},{"text":"and","start":5385.6,"end":5385.659},{"text":"application.","start":5385.659,"end":5387.08}]},{"text":"Other support programs are also ongoing, such as India-Mauritius Joint Satellite Program, facilitating capacity building activities.","start":5387.08,"end":5395.84,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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you, Chair, and distinguished delegates.","start":5443.749,"end":5446.344,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5443.749,"end":5443.944},{"text":"you,","start":5443.976,"end":5444.009},{"text":"Chair,","start":5444.074,"end":5444.398},{"text":"and","start":5445.209,"end":5445.436},{"text":"distinguished","start":5445.436,"end":5445.809},{"text":"delegates.","start":5445.842,"end":5446.344}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"IND","affiliation_full":"India","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":25,"start":5447.706,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=5448","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of India for the 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presidente.","start":5463.044,"end":5464.264,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Gracias,","start":5463.044,"end":5463.349},{"text":"señor","start":5463.413,"end":5463.622},{"text":"presidente.","start":5463.622,"end":5464.264}]},{"text":"Thank you very much, Chair.","start":5464.81,"end":5465.789,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5464.81,"end":5464.987},{"text":"you","start":5464.987,"end":5465.067},{"text":"very","start":5465.067,"end":5465.227},{"text":"much,","start":5465.227,"end":5465.436},{"text":"Chair.","start":5465.532,"end":5465.789}]},{"text":"As it is the first time that Honduras has taken the floor as a member state of this committee, allow me to commend you upon your election to the helm of this 69th session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and we trust that under your leadership we will continue to make progress in these significant work of our 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5485.074,"end":5485.54},{"text":"the","start":5486.89,"end":5486.922},{"text":"same","start":5486.922,"end":5487.195},{"text":"time,","start":5487.227,"end":5487.597},{"text":"Honduras","start":5487.693,"end":5488.191},{"text":"wishes","start":5488.191,"end":5488.48},{"text":"to","start":5488.593,"end":5488.753},{"text":"convey","start":5488.753,"end":5489.01},{"text":"its","start":5489.075,"end":5489.235},{"text":"gratitude","start":5489.235,"end":5490.006},{"text":"to","start":5490.039,"end":5490.087},{"text":"Ms.","start":5490.119,"end":5490.36},{"text":"Arti","start":5490.745,"end":5490.97},{"text":"Holomayni,","start":5490.986,"end":5491.533},{"text":"Director","start":5491.629,"end":5491.966},{"text":"of","start":5491.966,"end":5492.047},{"text":"the","start":5492.047,"end":5492.111},{"text":"United","start":5492.111,"end":5492.432},{"text":"Nations","start":5492.448,"end":5492.818},{"text":"Office","start":5492.834,"end":5493.091},{"text":"of","start":5493.091,"end":5493.236},{"text":"Outer","start":5493.236,"end":5493.428},{"text":"Space","start":5493.428,"end":5493.685},{"text":"Affairs,","start":5493.814,"end":5494.184},{"text":"and","start":5494.842,"end":5495.099},{"text":"to","start":5495.099,"end":5495.228},{"text":"the","start":5495.244,"end":5495.324},{"text":"Secretariat","start":5495.324,"end":5495.886},{"text":"team","start":5495.903,"end":5496.401},{"text":"for","start":5496.465,"end":5497.605},{"text":"their","start":5497.654,"end":5497.83},{"text":"vital","start":5497.83,"end":5498.264},{"text":"efforts","start":5498.393,"end":5498.746},{"text":"in","start":5498.794,"end":5498.923},{"text":"organizing","start":5498.971,"end":5499.566},{"text":"this","start":5499.598,"end":5499.726},{"text":"session.","start":5499.758,"end":5500.047}]},{"text":"Honduras aligns itself with the statements delivered by the Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries and the G77 and China statement and nationally would like to make the following comments.","start":5501.67,"end":5512.225,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Honduras","start":5501.67,"end":5502.088},{"text":"aligns","start":5502.088,"end":5502.377},{"text":"itself","start":5502.393,"end":5502.682},{"text":"with","start":5502.73,"end":5502.891},{"text":"the","start":5502.891,"end":5503.148},{"text":"statements","start":5504.433,"end":5504.883},{"text":"delivered","start":5504.883,"end":5505.205},{"text":"by","start":5505.205,"end":5505.301},{"text":"the","start":5505.301,"end":5505.381},{"text":"Group","start":5505.381,"end":5505.558},{"text":"of","start":5505.558,"end":5505.687},{"text":"Latin","start":5505.687,"end":5505.895},{"text":"American","start":5505.928,"end":5506.233},{"text":"and","start":5506.265,"end":5506.345},{"text":"Caribbean","start":5506.345,"end":5506.634},{"text":"Countries","start":5506.731,"end":5507.116},{"text":"and","start":5507.373,"end":5507.759},{"text":"the","start":5508.096,"end":5508.353},{"text":"G77","start":5508.996,"end":5509.574},{"text":"and","start":5509.574,"end":5509.703},{"text":"China","start":5509.703,"end":5510.04},{"text":"statement","start":5510.04,"end":5512.241},{"text":"and","start":5510.426,"end":5510.522},{"text":"nationally","start":5510.522,"end":5510.924},{"text":"would","start":5510.924,"end":5511.068},{"text":"like","start":5511.068,"end":5511.229},{"text":"to","start":5511.229,"end":5511.309},{"text":"make","start":5511.325,"end":5511.406},{"text":"the","start":5511.406,"end":5511.486},{"text":"following","start":5511.486,"end":5511.775},{"text":"comments.","start":5511.872,"end":5512.225}]},{"text":"Honduras is currently examining its adherence to the international treaties that govern space activities and the peaceful use of outer space with the aim of promoting space activities for peaceful purposes and scientific purposes through our National Autonomous University of Honduras, and in particular the space science faculty.","start":5514.843,"end":5533.669,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Honduras","start":5514.843,"end":5515.437},{"text":"is","start":5515.646,"end":5515.791},{"text":"currently","start":5515.903,"end":5516.353},{"text":"examining","start":5517.044,"end":5517.606},{"text":"its","start":5517.67,"end":5517.783},{"text":"adherence","start":5517.831,"end":5518.264},{"text":"to","start":5518.377,"end":5518.473},{"text":"the","start":5518.473,"end":5518.714},{"text":"international","start":5518.714,"end":5519.405},{"text":"treaties","start":5519.501,"end":5519.887},{"text":"that","start":5519.983,"end":5520.144},{"text":"govern","start":5520.144,"end":5520.449},{"text":"space","start":5520.497,"end":5520.899},{"text":"activities","start":5520.899,"end":5521.493},{"text":"and","start":5521.67,"end":5521.766},{"text":"the","start":5521.766,"end":5521.846},{"text":"peaceful","start":5521.846,"end":5522.232},{"text":"use","start":5522.232,"end":5522.377},{"text":"of","start":5522.489,"end":5522.617},{"text":"outer","start":5522.714,"end":5522.907},{"text":"space","start":5522.907,"end":5523.356},{"text":"with","start":5523.356,"end":5523.437},{"text":"the","start":5523.437,"end":5523.597},{"text":"aim","start":5523.678,"end":5523.742},{"text":"of","start":5523.79,"end":5523.902},{"text":"promoting","start":5523.935,"end":5524.465},{"text":"space","start":5524.593,"end":5524.963},{"text":"activities","start":5524.963,"end":5525.348},{"text":"for","start":5525.444,"end":5525.541},{"text":"peaceful","start":5525.541,"end":5525.846},{"text":"purposes","start":5525.926,"end":5526.713},{"text":"and","start":5527.147,"end":5527.211},{"text":"scientific","start":5527.292,"end":5527.79},{"text":"purposes","start":5527.79,"end":5528.239},{"text":"through","start":5528.657,"end":5528.85},{"text":"our","start":5528.93,"end":5529.075},{"text":"National","start":5529.075,"end":5529.637},{"text":"Autonomous","start":5529.637,"end":5530.103},{"text":"University","start":5530.103,"end":5530.52},{"text":"of","start":5530.52,"end":5530.601},{"text":"Honduras,","start":5530.601,"end":5531.147},{"text":"and","start":5531.725,"end":5531.886},{"text":"in","start":5531.886,"end":5531.95},{"text":"particular","start":5531.966,"end":5532.368},{"text":"the","start":5532.368,"end":5532.464},{"text":"space","start":5532.464,"end":5532.769},{"text":"science","start":5532.769,"end":5533.187},{"text":"faculty.","start":5533.251,"end":5533.669}]},{"text":"For Honduras, it is important that the The Committee continued to support member states in building their national capacity by providing technical assistance and legal guidance to allow them to progress towards the signature and ratification of international treaties and agreements that govern space activities.","start":5534.279,"end":5549.999,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5562.234,"end":5562.362},{"text":"a","start":5562.394,"end":5562.41},{"text":"new","start":5562.41,"end":5562.603},{"text":"member","start":5562.635,"end":5562.956},{"text":"state","start":5562.956,"end":5563.341},{"text":"of","start":5563.341,"end":5563.405},{"text":"this","start":5563.421,"end":5563.549},{"text":"committee,","start":5563.661,"end":5563.998},{"text":"Honduras","start":5564.143,"end":5564.656},{"text":"reaffirms","start":5564.72,"end":5565.25},{"text":"its","start":5565.346,"end":5565.49},{"text":"staunch","start":5565.667,"end":5566.052},{"text":"commitment","start":5566.084,"end":5566.485},{"text":"to","start":5566.485,"end":5566.71},{"text":"and","start":5566.79,"end":5566.87},{"text":"belief","start":5566.95,"end":5567.336},{"text":"that","start":5567.849,"end":5568.106},{"text":"the","start":5568.475,"end":5568.619},{"text":"exploration","start":5568.651,"end":5569.325},{"text":"and","start":5569.357,"end":5569.421},{"text":"use","start":5569.453,"end":5569.71},{"text":"of","start":5569.71,"end":5569.79},{"text":"outer","start":5569.919,"end":5570.111},{"text":"space","start":5570.111,"end":5570.496},{"text":"must","start":5570.496,"end":5570.737},{"text":"be","start":5570.737,"end":5570.817},{"text":"strictly","start":5570.817,"end":5571.587},{"text":"bound","start":5571.619,"end":5572.02},{"text":"to","start":5572.357,"end":5572.534},{"text":"peaceful","start":5573.143,"end":5573.512},{"text":"purposes","start":5573.609,"end":5574.074},{"text":"and","start":5574.266,"end":5574.331},{"text":"sustainable","start":5574.411,"end":5574.94},{"text":"development","start":5574.972,"end":5575.646},{"text":"for","start":5575.775,"end":5575.935},{"text":"the","start":5575.935,"end":5576.031},{"text":"benefit","start":5576.031,"end":5576.448},{"text":"of","start":5576.448,"end":5576.529},{"text":"all","start":5576.577,"end":5576.625},{"text":"of","start":5576.673,"end":5576.753},{"text":"humankind.","start":5576.753,"end":5577.411}]},{"text":"Outer space must remain a sphere of international cooperation to promote the benefits of peaceful uses, innovation, knowledge transfer, and development for all United States.","start":5578.021,"end":5587.551,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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69th session of the Committee.","start":5689.155,"end":5702.799,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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can count on the Group for full cooperation and support to you, Chair, and all members of the 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Group aligns itself with the statement of the G77 and China and would like to deliver the following additional 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Chair, the African Group stresses that international cooperation in space exploration and the use of space technology applications remains a priority for the African continent, and that copious deliberations and outcomes should continue to be guided by the established principles of outer space activities, namely the principle of exploration and use of outer space on the basis of equality, the principle of non-appropriation of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and the peaceful uses of outer space for the benefit of all.","start":5714.63,"end":5743.52,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"Serbia","start":6169.77,"end":6170.05},{"text":"seeks","start":6170.05,"end":6170.29},{"text":"cooperation","start":6170.29,"end":6170.77},{"text":"with","start":6170.77,"end":6170.949},{"text":"all","start":6170.949,"end":6171.17},{"text":"partner","start":6171.17,"end":6171.57},{"text":"states","start":6171.57,"end":6172.109},{"text":"through","start":6172.109,"end":6172.57},{"text":"scientific","start":6172.57,"end":6173.01},{"text":"projects,","start":6173.01,"end":6173.67},{"text":"satellite","start":6173.67,"end":6173.81},{"text":"technology","start":6173.81,"end":6174.25},{"text":"development,","start":6174.25,"end":6174.79},{"text":"educational","start":6174.79,"end":6175.31},{"text":"programs,","start":6175.31,"end":6176.65},{"text":"knowledge","start":6176.65,"end":6176.85},{"text":"exchange,","start":6176.85,"end":6177.93},{"text":"support","start":6177.93,"end":6178.25},{"text":"for","start":6178.25,"end":6178.43},{"text":"young","start":6178.43,"end":6178.65},{"text":"researchers,","start":6178.65,"end":6179.33},{"text":"and","start":6179.33,"end":6179.41},{"text":"joint","start":6179.41,"end":6179.59},{"text":"initiatives","start":6179.59,"end":6180.27},{"text":"within","start":6180.27,"end":6180.61},{"text":"international","start":6180.61,"end":6181.13},{"text":"organizations.","start":6181.13,"end":6181.83}]},{"text":"At the same time, we believe that the development of space activities must be accompanied by the future advancement in international space law.","start":6182.354,"end":6189.665,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. 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member of the international community, and an active participant in the shared future of humanity in outer 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":6427.429,"end":6427.81},{"text":"supports","start":6427.81,"end":6428.269},{"text":"ongoing","start":6428.269,"end":6428.71},{"text":"international","start":6428.71,"end":6429.33},{"text":"efforts","start":6429.33,"end":6429.81},{"text":"to","start":6429.81,"end":6430.05},{"text":"further","start":6430.05,"end":6430.29},{"text":"develop","start":6430.29,"end":6430.79},{"text":"such","start":6430.79,"end":6431.03},{"text":"norms,","start":6431.03,"end":6431.83},{"text":"including","start":6431.83,"end":6432.189},{"text":"through","start":6432.189,"end":6432.49},{"text":"dedicated","start":6432.49,"end":6432.91},{"text":"UN","start":6432.91,"end":6433.33},{"text":"processes","start":6433.33,"end":6433.93},{"text":"such","start":6433.93,"end":6434.23},{"text":"as","start":6434.23,"end":6434.61},{"text":"the","start":6434.61,"end":6434.61},{"text":"Open-Ended","start":6434.61,"end":6435.23},{"text":"Working","start":6435.23,"end":6435.47},{"text":"Group","start":6435.47,"end":6435.81},{"text":"on","start":6435.81,"end":6436.17},{"text":"Preventing","start":6436.17,"end":6436.65},{"text":"an","start":6436.65,"end":6436.81},{"text":"Arms","start":6436.81,"end":6437.03},{"text":"Race","start":6437.03,"end":6437.39},{"text":"in","start":6437.39,"end":6437.65},{"text":"Outer","start":6437.65,"end":6437.95},{"text":"Space.","start":6437.95,"end":6438.8}]},{"text":"Canada views the OEWG as a valuable and inclusive forum to advance practical measures that reduce space— reduce threats to space systems.","start":6438.81,"end":6447.112,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":6438.81,"end":6439.27},{"text":"views","start":6439.27,"end":6439.61},{"text":"the","start":6439.61,"end":6439.89},{"text":"OEWG","start":6439.89,"end":6440.73},{"text":"as","start":6440.73,"end":6440.91},{"text":"a","start":6440.91,"end":6441.13},{"text":"valuable","start":6441.13,"end":6441.53},{"text":"and","start":6441.53,"end":6441.69},{"text":"inclusive","start":6441.69,"end":6442.19},{"text":"forum","start":6442.19,"end":6442.63},{"text":"to","start":6442.63,"end":6442.85},{"text":"advance","start":6442.85,"end":6443.27},{"text":"practical","start":6443.196,"end":6443.613},{"text":"measures","start":6443.613,"end":6444.062},{"text":"that","start":6444.159,"end":6444.255},{"text":"reduce","start":6444.255,"end":6444.592},{"text":"space—","start":6444.72,"end":6445.073},{"text":"reduce","start":6445.459,"end":6445.844},{"text":"threats","start":6445.844,"end":6446.181},{"text":"to","start":6446.181,"end":6446.277},{"text":"space","start":6446.277,"end":6446.582},{"text":"systems.","start":6446.582,"end":6447.112}]},{"text":"And we look forward to the next meeting of the OEWG in July, and we encourage all states to engage constructively in this process and to support outcomes that are pragmatic, implementable, and capable of fostering transparency, predictability, and mutual confidence.","start":6447.625,"end":6462.616,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6447.625,"end":6447.69},{"text":"we","start":6447.69,"end":6447.754},{"text":"look","start":6447.77,"end":6447.93},{"text":"forward","start":6447.93,"end":6448.187},{"text":"to","start":6448.187,"end":6448.332},{"text":"the","start":6448.332,"end":6448.396},{"text":"next","start":6448.396,"end":6448.669},{"text":"meeting","start":6448.749,"end":6449.118},{"text":"of","start":6449.15,"end":6449.295},{"text":"the","start":6449.295,"end":6449.423},{"text":"OEWG","start":6449.455,"end":6449.969},{"text":"in","start":6450.258,"end":6450.354},{"text":"July,","start":6450.354,"end":6450.627},{"text":"and","start":6450.916,"end":6450.98},{"text":"we","start":6450.996,"end":6451.076},{"text":"encourage","start":6451.076,"end":6451.525},{"text":"all","start":6451.702,"end":6451.75},{"text":"states","start":6451.782,"end":6452.216},{"text":"to","start":6452.28,"end":6452.424},{"text":"engage","start":6452.424,"end":6452.729},{"text":"constructively","start":6452.842,"end":6453.612},{"text":"in","start":6453.644,"end":6453.692},{"text":"this","start":6453.789,"end":6453.965},{"text":"process","start":6453.965,"end":6454.543},{"text":"and","start":6454.848,"end":6454.912},{"text":"to","start":6454.928,"end":6455.024},{"text":"support","start":6455.024,"end":6455.474},{"text":"outcomes","start":6455.474,"end":6455.859},{"text":"that","start":6455.875,"end":6455.971},{"text":"are","start":6455.971,"end":6456.116},{"text":"pragmatic,","start":6456.116,"end":6456.758},{"text":"implementable,","start":6457.095,"end":6457.785},{"text":"and","start":6458.042,"end":6458.122},{"text":"capable","start":6458.122,"end":6458.555},{"text":"of","start":6458.555,"end":6458.62},{"text":"fostering","start":6458.62,"end":6459.149},{"text":"transparency,","start":6459.181,"end":6459.952},{"text":"predictability,","start":6460.449,"end":6461.156},{"text":"and","start":6461.493,"end":6461.573},{"text":"mutual","start":6461.589,"end":6461.942},{"text":"confidence.","start":6461.99,"end":6462.616}]},{"text":"Chair, Canada takes note of the draft resolution presented by the Russian Federation entitled Space Science \"Space Science and Technology for Promoting Peace.\"","start":6463.595,"end":6470.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":6463.595,"end":6463.788},{"text":"Canada","start":6463.98,"end":6464.333},{"text":"takes","start":6464.333,"end":6464.719},{"text":"note","start":6464.719,"end":6464.975},{"text":"of","start":6465.024,"end":6465.088},{"text":"the","start":6465.12,"end":6465.184},{"text":"draft","start":6465.184,"end":6465.473},{"text":"resolution","start":6465.505,"end":6466.051},{"text":"presented","start":6466.083,"end":6466.516},{"text":"by","start":6466.564,"end":6466.709},{"text":"the","start":6466.709,"end":6466.805},{"text":"Russian","start":6466.805,"end":6467.094},{"text":"Federation","start":6467.126,"end":6467.816},{"text":"entitled","start":6467.913,"end":6468.298},{"text":"Space","start":6468.314,"end":6468.539},{"text":"Science","start":6468.635,"end":6470.705},{"text":"\"Space","start":6468.96,"end":6469.14},{"text":"Science","start":6469.14,"end":6469.14},{"text":"and","start":6469.14,"end":6469.14},{"text":"Technology","start":6469.14,"end":6469.72},{"text":"for","start":6469.72,"end":6469.96},{"text":"Promoting","start":6469.96,"end":6470.32},{"text":"Peace.\"","start":6470.32,"end":6470.92}]},{"text":"We further note that this resolution has been presented to COPUS over the past several years, and it has consistently failed to reach consensus.","start":6471.26,"end":6478.05,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6471.26,"end":6471.42},{"text":"further","start":6471.42,"end":6471.68},{"text":"note","start":6471.68,"end":6471.98},{"text":"that","start":6471.98,"end":6472.14},{"text":"this","start":6472.14,"end":6472.3},{"text":"resolution","start":6472.3,"end":6472.78},{"text":"has","start":6472.78,"end":6473.099},{"text":"been","start":6473.099,"end":6473.259},{"text":"presented","start":6473.259,"end":6473.74},{"text":"to","start":6473.74,"end":6474},{"text":"COPUS","start":6474,"end":6474.32},{"text":"over","start":6474.32,"end":6474.599},{"text":"the","start":6474.599,"end":6474.719},{"text":"past","start":6474.719,"end":6474.979},{"text":"several","start":6474.979,"end":6475.299},{"text":"years,","start":6475.299,"end":6475.78},{"text":"and","start":6475.78,"end":6475.799},{"text":"it","start":6475.799,"end":6475.96},{"text":"has","start":6475.96,"end":6476.16},{"text":"consistently","start":6476.16,"end":6476.7},{"text":"failed","start":6476.7,"end":6477.12},{"text":"to","start":6477.12,"end":6477.28},{"text":"reach","start":6477.28,"end":6477.499},{"text":"consensus.","start":6477.499,"end":6478.05}]},{"text":"We continue to have concerns with the text, notably that it fails to recognize the dual-use nature of many space-based technologies, as well as creating an additional agenda item at Fourth Committee, which we feel is unnecessary and duplicative.","start":6478.84,"end":6491.27,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6478.84,"end":6478.92},{"text":"continue","start":6478.92,"end":6479.28},{"text":"to","start":6479.28,"end":6479.46},{"text":"have","start":6479.46,"end":6479.579},{"text":"concerns","start":6479.579,"end":6480.04},{"text":"with","start":6480.04,"end":6480.28},{"text":"the","start":6480.28,"end":6480.46},{"text":"text,","start":6480.46,"end":6481.06},{"text":"notably","start":6481.079,"end":6481.3},{"text":"that","start":6481.3,"end":6481.48},{"text":"it","start":6481.48,"end":6481.6},{"text":"fails","start":6481.6,"end":6481.86},{"text":"to","start":6481.86,"end":6482.079},{"text":"recognize","start":6482.079,"end":6482.659},{"text":"the","start":6482.659,"end":6482.86},{"text":"dual-use","start":6482.86,"end":6483.239},{"text":"nature","start":6483.239,"end":6483.64},{"text":"of","start":6483.64,"end":6483.92},{"text":"many","start":6483.92,"end":6484.14},{"text":"space-based","start":6484.14,"end":6484.72},{"text":"technologies,","start":6484.72,"end":6485.72},{"text":"as","start":6485.98,"end":6486.08},{"text":"well","start":6486.08,"end":6486.24},{"text":"as","start":6486.24,"end":6486.36},{"text":"creating","start":6486.36,"end":6486.76},{"text":"an","start":6486.76,"end":6487.04},{"text":"additional","start":6487.04,"end":6487.38},{"text":"agenda","start":6487.38,"end":6487.8},{"text":"item","start":6487.8,"end":6488.06},{"text":"at","start":6488.06,"end":6488.26},{"text":"Fourth","start":6488.26,"end":6488.5},{"text":"Committee,","start":6488.5,"end":6489.15},{"text":"which","start":6489.24,"end":6489.26},{"text":"we","start":6489.26,"end":6489.48},{"text":"feel","start":6489.48,"end":6489.68},{"text":"is","start":6489.68,"end":6489.88},{"text":"unnecessary","start":6489.88,"end":6490.44},{"text":"and","start":6490.44,"end":6490.72},{"text":"duplicative.","start":6490.72,"end":6491.27}]},{"text":"Chair, Canada remains steadfast in its commitment commitment to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space.","start":6492.08,"end":6497.035,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":6492.08,"end":6492.56},{"text":"Canada","start":6492.56,"end":6492.92},{"text":"remains","start":6492.92,"end":6493.38},{"text":"steadfast","start":6493.38,"end":6493.94},{"text":"in","start":6493.94,"end":6494.14},{"text":"its","start":6494.14,"end":6494.28},{"text":"commitment","start":6494.28,"end":6494.46},{"text":"commitment","start":6494.39,"end":6494.614},{"text":"to","start":6494.646,"end":6494.726},{"text":"the","start":6494.726,"end":6494.822},{"text":"peaceful","start":6494.822,"end":6495.207},{"text":"exploration","start":6495.207,"end":6495.993},{"text":"and","start":6496.105,"end":6496.169},{"text":"use","start":6496.249,"end":6496.377},{"text":"of","start":6496.442,"end":6496.57},{"text":"outer","start":6496.57,"end":6496.762},{"text":"space.","start":6496.762,"end":6497.035}]},{"text":"We will continue to work collaboratively with all partners to ensure that the benefits of outer space remain accessible for all, now and for generations to come.","start":6497.387,"end":6506.156,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6497.387,"end":6497.532},{"text":"will","start":6497.532,"end":6497.596},{"text":"continue","start":6497.628,"end":6498.029},{"text":"to","start":6498.029,"end":6498.189},{"text":"work","start":6498.189,"end":6498.429},{"text":"collaboratively","start":6498.429,"end":6499.279},{"text":"with","start":6499.311,"end":6499.455},{"text":"all","start":6499.616,"end":6499.712},{"text":"partners","start":6499.712,"end":6500.161},{"text":"to","start":6500.193,"end":6500.337},{"text":"ensure","start":6500.337,"end":6500.706},{"text":"that","start":6501.139,"end":6501.235},{"text":"the","start":6501.235,"end":6501.379},{"text":"benefits","start":6501.379,"end":6501.812},{"text":"of","start":6501.812,"end":6501.94},{"text":"outer","start":6502.02,"end":6502.197},{"text":"space","start":6502.197,"end":6502.662},{"text":"remain","start":6502.662,"end":6502.886},{"text":"accessible","start":6503.062,"end":6503.64},{"text":"for","start":6503.64,"end":6503.864},{"text":"all,","start":6503.944,"end":6504.217},{"text":"now","start":6504.666,"end":6504.794},{"text":"and","start":6504.858,"end":6505.066},{"text":"for","start":6505.066,"end":6505.227},{"text":"generations","start":6505.227,"end":6505.852},{"text":"to","start":6505.884,"end":6506.028},{"text":"come.","start":6506.028,"end":6506.156}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CAN","affiliation_full":"Canada","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":33,"start":6506.605,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=6507","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":6506.605,"end":6506.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6506.605,"end":6506.83},{"text":"you.","start":6506.83,"end":6506.99}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":6507.567,"end":6510.196,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6507.567,"end":6510.036},{"text":"you.","start":6510.036,"end":6510.196}]},{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Canada for the statement.","start":6510.934,"end":6516.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6510.934,"end":6511.046},{"text":"thank","start":6511.158,"end":6511.655},{"text":"the","start":6511.655,"end":6511.815},{"text":"distinguished","start":6511.815,"end":6512.761},{"text":"representative","start":6512.761,"end":6513.867},{"text":"of","start":6513.884,"end":6514.028},{"text":"Canada","start":6514.124,"end":6514.653},{"text":"for","start":6515.342,"end":6515.503},{"text":"the","start":6515.503,"end":6515.583},{"text":"statement.","start":6515.583,"end":6516.24}]},{"text":"And the next speaker on my list is the Distinguished Representative of Italy.","start":6516.929,"end":6522.207,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6516.929,"end":6517.026},{"text":"the","start":6517.026,"end":6517.106},{"text":"next","start":6517.106,"end":6517.426},{"text":"speaker","start":6517.426,"end":6518.132},{"text":"on","start":6518.292,"end":6518.34},{"text":"my","start":6518.34,"end":6518.501},{"text":"list","start":6518.693,"end":6519.35},{"text":"is","start":6519.414,"end":6519.559},{"text":"the","start":6519.591,"end":6520.2},{"text":"Distinguished","start":6520.04,"end":6520.553},{"text":"Representative","start":6520.553,"end":6521.597},{"text":"of","start":6521.597,"end":6521.725},{"text":"Italy.","start":6521.918,"end":6522.207}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":34,"start":6525.836,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=6526","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair. Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates, Italy, aligned with the European Union statement, reaffirms its commitment to maintaining outer space as a peaceful, safe, secure, and sustainable domain, and to the central role of the Committee in pushing that goal.","start":6525.836,"end":6546.357,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6525.836,"end":6525.997},{"text":"you,","start":6525.997,"end":6526.077},{"text":"Mr.","start":6526.093,"end":6526.269},{"text":"Chair.","start":6526.334,"end":6526.575},{"text":"Mr.","start":6527.843,"end":6528.02},{"text":"Chair,","start":6528.084,"end":6528.405},{"text":"distinguished","start":6528.421,"end":6528.951},{"text":"delegates,","start":6528.983,"end":6529.545},{"text":"Italy,","start":6530.332,"end":6530.637},{"text":"aligned","start":6531.054,"end":6531.456},{"text":"with","start":6531.456,"end":6531.552},{"text":"the","start":6531.552,"end":6531.793},{"text":"European","start":6531.857,"end":6532.226},{"text":"Union","start":6532.981,"end":6533.254},{"text":"statement,","start":6533.254,"end":6533.961},{"text":"reaffirms","start":6534.426,"end":6534.892},{"text":"its","start":6535.02,"end":6535.229},{"text":"commitment","start":6535.229,"end":6535.807},{"text":"to","start":6535.807,"end":6535.919},{"text":"maintaining","start":6536.032,"end":6536.498},{"text":"outer","start":6536.674,"end":6536.787},{"text":"space","start":6536.835,"end":6537.268},{"text":"as","start":6537.878,"end":6538.039},{"text":"a","start":6538.039,"end":6538.135},{"text":"peaceful,","start":6538.135,"end":6538.569},{"text":"safe,","start":6538.954,"end":6539.356},{"text":"secure,","start":6539.596,"end":6539.998},{"text":"and","start":6540.207,"end":6540.303},{"text":"sustainable","start":6540.303,"end":6540.833},{"text":"domain,","start":6540.865,"end":6541.234},{"text":"and","start":6542.133,"end":6542.214},{"text":"to","start":6542.214,"end":6542.31},{"text":"the","start":6542.31,"end":6542.406},{"text":"central","start":6542.406,"end":6542.92},{"text":"role","start":6542.952,"end":6543.434},{"text":"of","start":6543.434,"end":6543.514},{"text":"the","start":6543.514,"end":6543.755},{"text":"Committee","start":6543.835,"end":6544.253},{"text":"in","start":6544.783,"end":6544.847},{"text":"pushing","start":6545.04,"end":6545.329},{"text":"that","start":6545.682,"end":6545.971},{"text":"goal.","start":6546.148,"end":6546.357}]},{"text":"We recall that General Assembly Resolution 8076 requests COPUS to continue as a matter of priority its consideration of ways and means of maintaining outer space for peaceful purposes and to examine the broader perspective of space security and associated matters relevant to the safe and responsible conduct of space activities.","start":6547.593,"end":6571.51,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6547.593,"end":6547.642},{"text":"recall","start":6547.674,"end":6548.075},{"text":"that","start":6548.075,"end":6548.348},{"text":"General","start":6548.477,"end":6548.67},{"text":"Assembly","start":6548.67,"end":6549.184},{"text":"Resolution","start":6549.296,"end":6549.794},{"text":"8076","start":6549.922,"end":6551.256},{"text":"requests","start":6551.625,"end":6552.107},{"text":"COPUS","start":6552.171,"end":6552.669},{"text":"to","start":6552.669,"end":6552.798},{"text":"continue","start":6552.814,"end":6553.247},{"text":"as","start":6553.633,"end":6553.681},{"text":"a","start":6553.778,"end":6553.81},{"text":"matter","start":6553.81,"end":6554.259},{"text":"of","start":6554.34,"end":6554.484},{"text":"priority","start":6554.516,"end":6555.127},{"text":"its","start":6555.721,"end":6555.882},{"text":"consideration","start":6555.882,"end":6556.733},{"text":"of","start":6556.99,"end":6557.054},{"text":"ways","start":6557.167,"end":6557.536},{"text":"and","start":6557.568,"end":6557.777},{"text":"means","start":6557.793,"end":6558.098},{"text":"of","start":6558.452,"end":6558.58},{"text":"maintaining","start":6558.612,"end":6559.142},{"text":"outer","start":6559.255,"end":6559.496},{"text":"space","start":6559.496,"end":6559.865},{"text":"for","start":6559.978,"end":6560.074},{"text":"peaceful","start":6560.138,"end":6560.492},{"text":"purposes","start":6560.54,"end":6561.15},{"text":"and","start":6561.97,"end":6562.034},{"text":"to","start":6562.066,"end":6562.194},{"text":"examine","start":6562.307,"end":6562.837},{"text":"the","start":6563.174,"end":6563.255},{"text":"broader","start":6563.255,"end":6563.785},{"text":"perspective","start":6563.897,"end":6564.604},{"text":"of","start":6564.941,"end":6564.973},{"text":"space","start":6564.973,"end":6565.23},{"text":"security","start":6565.278,"end":6565.889},{"text":"and","start":6566.082,"end":6566.21},{"text":"associated","start":6566.323,"end":6567.013},{"text":"matters","start":6567.045,"end":6567.495},{"text":"relevant","start":6568.089,"end":6568.555},{"text":"to","start":6568.555,"end":6568.652},{"text":"the","start":6568.652,"end":6568.684},{"text":"safe","start":6568.732,"end":6569.15},{"text":"and","start":6569.15,"end":6569.294},{"text":"responsible","start":6569.294,"end":6570.001},{"text":"conduct","start":6570.001,"end":6570.531},{"text":"of","start":6570.659,"end":6570.692},{"text":"space","start":6570.692,"end":6571.254},{"text":"activities.","start":6571.19,"end":6571.51}]},{"text":"We regard the Pact of the Future, and particularly its Action 56, as a clear political mandate to advance through this committee multilateral frameworks on space traffic, space debris, and space resource activities.","start":6572.985,"end":6589.513,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."},{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."},{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6572.985,"end":6573.097},{"text":"regard","start":6573.145,"end":6573.546},{"text":"the","start":6573.546,"end":6573.69},{"text":"Pact","start":6573.69,"end":6574.107},{"text":"of","start":6574.107,"end":6574.187},{"text":"the","start":6574.187,"end":6574.268},{"text":"Future,","start":6574.268,"end":6574.764},{"text":"and","start":6575.294,"end":6575.438},{"text":"particularly","start":6575.63,"end":6576.4},{"text":"its","start":6576.512,"end":6576.672},{"text":"Action","start":6576.816,"end":6577.121},{"text":"56,","start":6577.153,"end":6577.891},{"text":"as","start":6578.42,"end":6578.516},{"text":"a","start":6578.516,"end":6578.532},{"text":"clear","start":6578.74,"end":6579.013},{"text":"political","start":6579.157,"end":6579.622},{"text":"mandate","start":6579.654,"end":6580.44},{"text":"to","start":6581.225,"end":6581.337},{"text":"advance","start":6581.626,"end":6582.075},{"text":"through","start":6582.443,"end":6582.62},{"text":"this","start":6582.62,"end":6582.812},{"text":"committee","start":6582.924,"end":6583.325},{"text":"multilateral","start":6583.341,"end":6584.367},{"text":"frameworks","start":6584.367,"end":6585.201},{"text":"on","start":6585.489,"end":6585.57},{"text":"space","start":6585.57,"end":6586.05},{"text":"traffic,","start":6586.05,"end":6586.612},{"text":"space","start":6586.756,"end":6587.06},{"text":"debris,","start":6587.157,"end":6587.509},{"text":"and","start":6587.958,"end":6588.038},{"text":"space","start":6588.038,"end":6588.359},{"text":"resource","start":6588.359,"end":6588.888},{"text":"activities.","start":6588.952,"end":6589.513}]},{"text":"Italy supports this approach and stands ready to contribute to an inclusive discussion on its implementation.","start":6591.325,"end":6599.04,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Italy","start":6591.325,"end":6591.517},{"text":"supports","start":6591.517,"end":6591.966},{"text":"this","start":6591.966,"end":6592.206},{"text":"approach","start":6592.206,"end":6592.671},{"text":"and","start":6592.848,"end":6592.944},{"text":"stands","start":6592.944,"end":6593.313},{"text":"ready","start":6593.569,"end":6593.81},{"text":"to","start":6593.906,"end":6594.066},{"text":"contribute","start":6594.066,"end":6594.836},{"text":"to","start":6594.964,"end":6595.236},{"text":"an","start":6595.493,"end":6595.541},{"text":"inclusive","start":6595.589,"end":6596.214},{"text":"discussion","start":6596.214,"end":6596.84},{"text":"on","start":6596.94,"end":6597.42},{"text":"its","start":6597.42,"end":6597.84},{"text":"implementation.","start":6597.84,"end":6599.04}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, the value of this committee lies in its distinctive character— technical, inclusive, and consensus-based.","start":6599.54,"end":6607.38,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":6599.54,"end":6599.9},{"text":"Chair,","start":6599.9,"end":6600.46},{"text":"the","start":6600.46,"end":6600.48},{"text":"value","start":6600.48,"end":6600.74},{"text":"of","start":6600.74,"end":6600.92},{"text":"this","start":6600.92,"end":6601.159},{"text":"committee","start":6601.159,"end":6601.48},{"text":"lies","start":6601.48,"end":6601.98},{"text":"in","start":6601.98,"end":6602.279},{"text":"its","start":6602.279,"end":6602.48},{"text":"distinctive","start":6602.48,"end":6603.14},{"text":"character—","start":6603.14,"end":6604.72},{"text":"technical,","start":6604.72,"end":6604.819},{"text":"inclusive,","start":6604.819,"end":6605.68},{"text":"and","start":6605.68,"end":6605.82},{"text":"consensus-based.","start":6605.82,"end":6607.38}]},{"text":"Discussions on outer space in Vienna, Geneva, and New York should remain complementary and avoid duplication or conflicting mandate.","start":6607.38,"end":6617.54,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Discussions","start":6607.38,"end":6608.04},{"text":"on","start":6608.04,"end":6608.62},{"text":"outer","start":6608.62,"end":6608.9},{"text":"space","start":6608.9,"end":6609.299},{"text":"in","start":6609.299,"end":6609.44},{"text":"Vienna,","start":6609.44,"end":6610.16},{"text":"Geneva,","start":6610.16,"end":6610.88},{"text":"and","start":6610.88,"end":6611.04},{"text":"New","start":6611.04,"end":6611.26},{"text":"York","start":6611.26,"end":6611.66},{"text":"should","start":6611.66,"end":6612.12},{"text":"remain","start":6612.12,"end":6612.58},{"text":"complementary","start":6612.58,"end":6613.26},{"text":"and","start":6613.26,"end":6613.66},{"text":"avoid","start":6613.66,"end":6614.12},{"text":"duplication","start":6614.12,"end":6614.9},{"text":"or","start":6614.9,"end":6615.48},{"text":"conflicting","start":6615.48,"end":6616.08},{"text":"mandate.","start":6616.08,"end":6617.54}]},{"text":"In our view, COPUS is most effective when focusing on safety, transparency, and the long-term sustainability of space activities, while disarmament-related issues are addressed in the appropriate Geneva and New York-based bodies.","start":6617.54,"end":6635.589,"topics":[{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral 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you, Mr. Chairman.","start":6712.255,"end":6713.105,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6712.255,"end":6712.496},{"text":"you,","start":6712.496,"end":6712.64},{"text":"Mr.","start":6712.656,"end":6712.881},{"text":"Chairman.","start":6712.961,"end":6713.105}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ITA","affiliation_full":"Italy","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":35,"start":6715.062,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=6716","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Italy for the statement, and the next speakers on my list is the distinguished representative of 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you for giving me the floor, Mr. Chair.","start":6727.883,"end":6729.745,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6727.883,"end":6728.076},{"text":"you","start":6728.076,"end":6728.188},{"text":"for","start":6728.204,"end":6728.445},{"text":"giving","start":6728.445,"end":6728.638},{"text":"me","start":6728.638,"end":6728.782},{"text":"the","start":6728.862,"end":6728.943},{"text":"floor,","start":6728.943,"end":6729.135},{"text":"Mr.","start":6729.2,"end":6729.424},{"text":"Chair.","start":6729.489,"end":6729.745}]},{"text":"Due to time constraints, my delegation will deliver an abridged version of the statement, and the full text will be submitted to the Secretariat for 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wishes to reiterate its serious concerns regarding the draft resolution entitled Space Science and Technology for Promoting Peace.","start":6741.708,"end":6750.908,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Ukraine","start":6741.708,"end":6742.077},{"text":"wishes","start":6742.109,"end":6742.478},{"text":"to","start":6742.494,"end":6742.719},{"text":"reiterate","start":6743.618,"end":6744.196},{"text":"its","start":6744.196,"end":6744.325},{"text":"serious","start":6744.357,"end":6744.935},{"text":"concerns","start":6744.983,"end":6745.529},{"text":"regarding","start":6746.027,"end":6746.412},{"text":"the","start":6746.525,"end":6746.765},{"text":"draft","start":6746.765,"end":6747.151},{"text":"resolution","start":6747.151,"end":6747.697},{"text":"entitled","start":6748.05,"end":6748.467},{"text":"Space","start":6748.467,"end":6748.773},{"text":"Science","start":6748.773,"end":6749.254},{"text":"and","start":6749.254,"end":6749.318},{"text":"Technology","start":6749.479,"end":6749.945},{"text":"for","start":6749.977,"end":6750.105},{"text":"Promoting","start":6750.202,"end":6750.587},{"text":"Peace.","start":6750.78,"end":6750.908}]},{"text":"At the outset, Ukraine reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space in accordance with international law, including the Charter of the United Nations and the Outer Space Treaty.","start":6751.663,"end":6766.659,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":6751.663,"end":6751.743},{"text":"the","start":6751.743,"end":6751.888},{"text":"outset,","start":6751.888,"end":6752.241},{"text":"Ukraine","start":6752.369,"end":6752.69},{"text":"reaffirms","start":6752.947,"end":6753.477},{"text":"its","start":6753.67,"end":6753.846},{"text":"unwavering","start":6753.991,"end":6754.521},{"text":"commitment","start":6754.874,"end":6755.596},{"text":"to","start":6755.596,"end":6755.693},{"text":"the","start":6755.693,"end":6755.837},{"text":"peaceful","start":6755.837,"end":6756.126},{"text":"exploration","start":6756.223,"end":6757.282},{"text":"and","start":6757.282,"end":6757.507},{"text":"use","start":6757.507,"end":6757.7},{"text":"of","start":6757.7,"end":6757.908},{"text":"outer","start":6757.908,"end":6758.101},{"text":"space","start":6758.149,"end":6758.502},{"text":"in","start":6758.502,"end":6758.647},{"text":"accordance","start":6758.647,"end":6759.064},{"text":"with","start":6759.353,"end":6759.546},{"text":"international","start":6759.691,"end":6760.413},{"text":"law,","start":6760.413,"end":6760.493},{"text":"including","start":6761.2,"end":6761.585},{"text":"the","start":6761.697,"end":6761.778},{"text":"Charter","start":6761.778,"end":6762.308},{"text":"of","start":6762.581,"end":6762.661},{"text":"the","start":6762.661,"end":6762.757},{"text":"United","start":6762.757,"end":6763.142},{"text":"Nations","start":6763.142,"end":6763.512},{"text":"and","start":6763.945,"end":6764.009},{"text":"the","start":6764.106,"end":6764.347},{"text":"Outer","start":6765.695,"end":6765.952},{"text":"Space","start":6765.952,"end":6766.273},{"text":"Treaty.","start":6766.273,"end":6766.659}]},{"text":"However, we do not believe that this Russian initiative contributes to these objectives.","start":6767.301,"end":6773.595,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":6767.301,"end":6767.799},{"text":"we","start":6768.666,"end":6768.858},{"text":"do","start":6768.906,"end":6769.003},{"text":"not","start":6769.003,"end":6769.228},{"text":"believe","start":6769.244,"end":6769.645},{"text":"that","start":6769.645,"end":6769.886},{"text":"this","start":6769.886,"end":6770.014},{"text":"Russian","start":6770.303,"end":6770.737},{"text":"initiative","start":6770.753,"end":6771.459},{"text":"contributes","start":6771.491,"end":6772.166},{"text":"to","start":6772.374,"end":6772.535},{"text":"these","start":6772.535,"end":6772.663},{"text":"objectives.","start":6773.017,"end":6773.595}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, Ukraine shares the concerns already expressed by a number of delegations regarding both the substance of this initiative and its procedural implications.","start":6774.381,"end":6785.749,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":6774.381,"end":6774.574},{"text":"Chair,","start":6774.622,"end":6774.943},{"text":"Ukraine","start":6775.73,"end":6776.003},{"text":"shares","start":6776.003,"end":6776.436},{"text":"the","start":6776.613,"end":6776.693},{"text":"concerns","start":6776.693,"end":6777.32},{"text":"already","start":6777.352,"end":6777.737},{"text":"expressed","start":6777.737,"end":6778.154},{"text":"by","start":6778.154,"end":6778.235},{"text":"a","start":6778.235,"end":6778.315},{"text":"number","start":6778.315,"end":6778.765},{"text":"of","start":6778.957,"end":6779.086},{"text":"delegations","start":6779.198,"end":6779.889},{"text":"regarding","start":6780.145,"end":6780.531},{"text":"both","start":6780.964,"end":6781.173},{"text":"the","start":6781.446,"end":6781.542},{"text":"substance","start":6781.542,"end":6782.185},{"text":"of","start":6782.185,"end":6782.265},{"text":"this","start":6782.329,"end":6782.506},{"text":"initiative","start":6782.731,"end":6783.341},{"text":"and","start":6783.453,"end":6783.517},{"text":"its","start":6783.871,"end":6784.031},{"text":"procedural","start":6784.256,"end":6785.011},{"text":"implications.","start":6785.075,"end":6785.749}]},{"text":"The issues raised in connection with this initiative primarily concern international peace and security and the security dimensions of outer space activities.","start":6786.664,"end":6796.748,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6786.664,"end":6786.809},{"text":"issues","start":6786.889,"end":6787.194},{"text":"raised","start":6787.323,"end":6787.708},{"text":"in","start":6787.708,"end":6787.756},{"text":"connection","start":6787.933,"end":6788.318},{"text":"with","start":6788.495,"end":6788.672},{"text":"this","start":6788.896,"end":6789.089},{"text":"initiative","start":6789.298,"end":6789.892},{"text":"primarily","start":6790.357,"end":6790.887},{"text":"concern","start":6790.903,"end":6791.369},{"text":"international","start":6791.497,"end":6792.188},{"text":"peace","start":6792.284,"end":6792.638},{"text":"and","start":6792.686,"end":6792.75},{"text":"security","start":6792.782,"end":6793.537},{"text":"and","start":6793.97,"end":6794.034},{"text":"the","start":6794.131,"end":6794.211},{"text":"security","start":6794.211,"end":6794.693},{"text":"dimensions","start":6794.709,"end":6795.303},{"text":"of","start":6795.415,"end":6795.56},{"text":"outer","start":6795.64,"end":6795.817},{"text":"space","start":6795.833,"end":6796.106},{"text":"activities.","start":6796.218,"end":6796.748}]},{"text":"These matters fall outside the mandate of COPAS and its subsidiary bodies.","start":6797.567,"end":6802.047,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":6797.567,"end":6797.631},{"text":"matters","start":6797.744,"end":6798.113},{"text":"fall","start":6798.289,"end":6798.418},{"text":"outside","start":6798.771,"end":6799.253},{"text":"the","start":6799.253,"end":6799.285},{"text":"mandate","start":6799.285,"end":6799.911},{"text":"of","start":6799.911,"end":6800.056},{"text":"COPAS","start":6800.056,"end":6800.441},{"text":"and","start":6800.553,"end":6800.698},{"text":"its","start":6800.955,"end":6801.083},{"text":"subsidiary","start":6801.115,"end":6801.742},{"text":"bodies.","start":6801.758,"end":6802.047}]},{"text":"The international community has long maintained a clear distinction between discussions on the peaceful uses of outer space and discussions relating to the international security and disarmament.","start":6802.95,"end":6815.86,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6802.95,"end":6803.13},{"text":"international","start":6803.13,"end":6803.61},{"text":"community","start":6803.61,"end":6804.23},{"text":"has","start":6804.23,"end":6804.57},{"text":"long","start":6804.57,"end":6804.95},{"text":"maintained","start":6804.95,"end":6805.65},{"text":"a","start":6805.65,"end":6806.01},{"text":"clear","start":6806.01,"end":6806.17},{"text":"distinction","start":6806.17,"end":6807.12},{"text":"between","start":6807.209,"end":6807.95},{"text":"discussions","start":6807.95,"end":6808.65},{"text":"on","start":6808.65,"end":6809.049},{"text":"the","start":6809.049,"end":6809.209},{"text":"peaceful","start":6809.209,"end":6809.549},{"text":"uses","start":6809.549,"end":6809.93},{"text":"of","start":6809.93,"end":6810.19},{"text":"outer","start":6810.19,"end":6810.37},{"text":"space","start":6810.37,"end":6810.829},{"text":"and","start":6810.829,"end":6811.39},{"text":"discussions","start":6811.39,"end":6811.989},{"text":"relating","start":6811.989,"end":6812.489},{"text":"to","start":6812.489,"end":6812.79},{"text":"the","start":6812.79,"end":6812.93},{"text":"international","start":6812.93,"end":6813.43},{"text":"security","start":6813.43,"end":6814.149},{"text":"and","start":6814.149,"end":6814.61},{"text":"disarmament.","start":6814.61,"end":6815.86}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, Ukraine recalls that many space technologies are inherently dual-use in nature.","start":6816.87,"end":6824.41,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":6816.87,"end":6816.97},{"text":"Chair,","start":6816.97,"end":6817.75},{"text":"Ukraine","start":6817.75,"end":6818.13},{"text":"recalls","start":6818.13,"end":6818.77},{"text":"that","start":6818.77,"end":6819.01},{"text":"many","start":6819.01,"end":6819.35},{"text":"space","start":6819.35,"end":6819.73},{"text":"technologies","start":6819.73,"end":6820.47},{"text":"are","start":6820.47,"end":6821.23},{"text":"inherently","start":6821.23,"end":6821.95},{"text":"dual-use","start":6821.95,"end":6822.97},{"text":"in","start":6822.97,"end":6823.29},{"text":"nature.","start":6823.29,"end":6824.41}]},{"text":"Satellite communications, navigation, positioning, and timing services, Earth observation and remote sensing simultaneously support civilian, commercial, humanitarian, and security-related functions.","start":6824.41,"end":6837.88,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"Satellite","start":6824.41,"end":6824.79},{"text":"communications,","start":6824.79,"end":6826.29},{"text":"navigation,","start":6826.29,"end":6827.45},{"text":"positioning,","start":6827.45,"end":6828.21},{"text":"and","start":6828.21,"end":6828.51},{"text":"timing","start":6828.51,"end":6828.73},{"text":"services,","start":6828.73,"end":6829.48},{"text":"Earth","start":6829.5,"end":6829.78},{"text":"observation","start":6829.78,"end":6830.58},{"text":"and","start":6830.58,"end":6830.86},{"text":"remote","start":6830.86,"end":6831.2},{"text":"sensing","start":6831.2,"end":6831.9},{"text":"simultaneously","start":6831.9,"end":6832.74},{"text":"support","start":6832.74,"end":6833.3},{"text":"civilian,","start":6833.3,"end":6834.179},{"text":"commercial,","start":6834.179,"end":6834.879},{"text":"humanitarian,","start":6834.879,"end":6835.78},{"text":"and","start":6835.78,"end":6835.86},{"text":"security-related","start":6835.86,"end":6836.799},{"text":"functions.","start":6836.799,"end":6837.88}]},{"text":"Any meaningful discussion of commercial space systems must begin with the recognition of their dual-use nature and the reality of existing state practice.","start":6837.88,"end":6847.77,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":6837.88,"end":6838.1},{"text":"meaningful","start":6838.1,"end":6838.6},{"text":"discussion","start":6838.6,"end":6839.119},{"text":"of","start":6839.119,"end":6839.34},{"text":"commercial","start":6839.34,"end":6839.779},{"text":"space","start":6839.779,"end":6840.1},{"text":"systems","start":6840.1,"end":6840.6},{"text":"must","start":6840.6,"end":6841.119},{"text":"begin","start":6841.119,"end":6841.699},{"text":"with","start":6841.699,"end":6842.32},{"text":"the","start":6842.32,"end":6842.5},{"text":"recognition","start":6842.5,"end":6843.22},{"text":"of","start":6843.22,"end":6843.58},{"text":"their","start":6843.58,"end":6843.72},{"text":"dual-use","start":6843.72,"end":6844.24},{"text":"nature","start":6844.24,"end":6844.58},{"text":"and","start":6844.58,"end":6844.859},{"text":"the","start":6844.859,"end":6845.02},{"text":"reality","start":6845.02,"end":6845.5},{"text":"of","start":6845.5,"end":6845.76},{"text":"existing","start":6845.76,"end":6846.3},{"text":"state","start":6846.3,"end":6846.72},{"text":"practice.","start":6846.72,"end":6847.77}]},{"text":"Nothing in the international law, including international space law, prohibits the provision of commercial satellite communications, navigation, positioning, timing, remote sensing, or Earth observation services to a state acting in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, including the exercise of its inherent right of self-defense under Article 51 of the UN Charter.","start":6848.38,"end":6873.12,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. 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Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"Attempts","start":6873.86,"end":6874.46},{"text":"to","start":6874.46,"end":6874.46},{"text":"delegitimize","start":6874.46,"end":6875.4},{"text":"or","start":6875.4,"end":6875.76},{"text":"stigmatize","start":6875.76,"end":6876.76},{"text":"the","start":6876.76,"end":6876.96},{"text":"use","start":6876.96,"end":6877.2},{"text":"of","start":6877.2,"end":6877.42},{"text":"such","start":6877.42,"end":6877.66},{"text":"services","start":6877.66,"end":6878.34},{"text":"by","start":6878.34,"end":6878.92},{"text":"sovereign","start":6878.92,"end":6879.26},{"text":"states","start":6879.26,"end":6879.68},{"text":"exercising","start":6879.68,"end":6880.44},{"text":"their","start":6880.44,"end":6881.02},{"text":"lawful","start":6881.02,"end":6881.48},{"text":"right","start":6881.48,"end":6881.9},{"text":"under","start":6881.982,"end":6882.207},{"text":"international","start":6882.223,"end":6882.945},{"text":"law","start":6882.945,"end":6883.058},{"text":"would","start":6883.588,"end":6883.812},{"text":"create","start":6883.812,"end":6884.15},{"text":"dangerous","start":6884.15,"end":6884.712},{"text":"precedents","start":6884.712,"end":6885.354},{"text":"and","start":6885.434,"end":6885.611},{"text":"undermine","start":6885.611,"end":6886.06},{"text":"legal","start":6886.06,"end":6886.317},{"text":"certainty.","start":6886.317,"end":6886.879}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, this issue is not whether space science and technology should contribute to peace.","start":6887.521,"end":6894.586,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":6887.521,"end":6887.714},{"text":"Chair,","start":6887.762,"end":6887.955},{"text":"this","start":6888.645,"end":6888.774},{"text":"issue","start":6888.967,"end":6889.368},{"text":"is","start":6889.529,"end":6889.657},{"text":"not","start":6889.689,"end":6890.026},{"text":"whether","start":6890.171,"end":6890.476},{"text":"space","start":6890.476,"end":6890.765},{"text":"science","start":6890.893,"end":6891.487},{"text":"and","start":6891.6,"end":6892.098},{"text":"technology","start":6892.098,"end":6892.868},{"text":"should","start":6892.997,"end":6893.43},{"text":"contribute","start":6893.462,"end":6894.04},{"text":"to","start":6894.04,"end":6894.153},{"text":"peace.","start":6894.249,"end":6894.586}]},{"text":"They should, and they already do.","start":6895.068,"end":6897.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":6895.068,"end":6895.148},{"text":"should,","start":6895.148,"end":6895.598},{"text":"and","start":6896.015,"end":6896.096},{"text":"they","start":6896.192,"end":6896.304},{"text":"already","start":6896.931,"end":6897.284},{"text":"do.","start":6897.316,"end":6897.46}]},{"text":"The issue is whether this committee should endorse approaches that could create political and normative grounds for restricting the legitimate use of commercial space services by sovereign states while simultaneously transferring security-related issues from the appropriate international forums into COPUS.","start":6898.119,"end":6917.06,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."},{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"No","start":6917.06,"end":6917.44},{"text":"state","start":6917.44,"end":6917.88},{"text":"engaged","start":6917.88,"end":6918.56},{"text":"in","start":6918.56,"end":6919.3},{"text":"act","start":6919.3,"end":6919.619},{"text":"of","start":6919.619,"end":6919.84},{"text":"aggression","start":6919.84,"end":6920.48},{"text":"should","start":6920.48,"end":6920.88},{"text":"be","start":6920.88,"end":6920.98},{"text":"permitted","start":6920.98,"end":6921.46},{"text":"to","start":6921.46,"end":6921.699},{"text":"redefine","start":6921.699,"end":6922.22},{"text":"the","start":6922.22,"end":6922.46},{"text":"lawful","start":6922.46,"end":6922.859},{"text":"exercise","start":6922.859,"end":6923.44},{"text":"of","start":6923.44,"end":6923.78},{"text":"self-defense","start":6923.78,"end":6924.48},{"text":"by","start":6924.48,"end":6924.74},{"text":"another","start":6924.74,"end":6925.18},{"text":"state","start":6925.18,"end":6925.66},{"text":"as","start":6925.66,"end":6926.14},{"text":"an","start":6926.14,"end":6926.28},{"text":"abuse","start":6926.28,"end":6926.64},{"text":"of","start":6926.64,"end":6926.88},{"text":"commercial","start":6926.88,"end":6927.34},{"text":"space","start":6927.34,"end":6927.86},{"text":"technologies.","start":6927.86,"end":6929.01}]},{"text":"For these reasons, Ukraine cannot support the draft resolution entitled of space science and technology for promoting peace.","start":6929.24,"end":6936.737,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":6929.24,"end":6929.46},{"text":"these","start":6929.46,"end":6929.8},{"text":"reasons,","start":6929.8,"end":6930.65},{"text":"Ukraine","start":6930.8,"end":6931.82},{"text":"cannot","start":6931.82,"end":6932.12},{"text":"support","start":6932.12,"end":6932.62},{"text":"the","start":6932.62,"end":6932.8},{"text":"draft","start":6932.8,"end":6933.04},{"text":"resolution","start":6933.04,"end":6933.64},{"text":"entitled","start":6933.64,"end":6934.2},{"text":"of","start":6934.28,"end":6934.312},{"text":"space","start":6934.312,"end":6934.424},{"text":"science","start":6934.472,"end":6934.793},{"text":"and","start":6934.793,"end":6934.874},{"text":"technology","start":6934.874,"end":6935.581},{"text":"for","start":6935.581,"end":6935.757},{"text":"promoting","start":6935.757,"end":6936.207},{"text":"peace.","start":6936.56,"end":6936.737}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":6937.042,"end":6938.086,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":6937.042,"end":6937.267},{"text":"you,","start":6937.267,"end":6937.46},{"text":"Mr.","start":6937.669,"end":6937.861},{"text":"Chair.","start":6937.91,"end":6938.086}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UKR","affiliation_full":"Ukraine","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":37,"start":6939.773,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=6940","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Ukraine for the statement.","start":6939.773,"end":6944.527,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":6939.773,"end":6939.821},{"text":"thank","start":6939.998,"end":6940.399},{"text":"the","start":6940.399,"end":6940.496},{"text":"distinguished","start":6940.56,"end":6941.347},{"text":"representative","start":6941.379,"end":6942.664},{"text":"of","start":6942.664,"end":6942.744},{"text":"Ukraine","start":6942.744,"end":6943.355},{"text":"for","start":6943.547,"end":6943.708},{"text":"the","start":6943.708,"end":6943.853},{"text":"statement.","start":6943.853,"end":6944.527}]},{"text":"And the next speakers on my list is the distinguished representative of China.","start":6945.298,"end":6951.578,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6945.298,"end":6945.362},{"text":"the","start":6945.78,"end":6945.812},{"text":"next","start":6945.812,"end":6946.198},{"text":"speakers","start":6946.198,"end":6946.808},{"text":"on","start":6946.92,"end":6946.985},{"text":"my","start":6946.985,"end":6947.274},{"text":"list","start":6947.402,"end":6947.997},{"text":"is","start":6948.591,"end":6948.735},{"text":"the","start":6948.832,"end":6948.96},{"text":"distinguished","start":6948.992,"end":6949.876},{"text":"representative","start":6949.876,"end":6950.823},{"text":"of","start":6950.84,"end":6950.984},{"text":"China.","start":6951.08,"end":6951.578}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":38,"start":6957.586,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=6958","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chair, China welcomes the continued discussion of this agenda item.","start":6957.586,"end":6962.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":6957.586,"end":6957.794},{"text":"Chair,","start":6957.843,"end":6958.164},{"text":"China","start":6959.063,"end":6959.369},{"text":"welcomes","start":6959.369,"end":6959.899},{"text":"the","start":6960.14,"end":6960.22},{"text":"continued","start":6960.252,"end":6960.814},{"text":"discussion","start":6960.814,"end":6961.312},{"text":"of","start":6961.376,"end":6961.473},{"text":"this","start":6961.521,"end":6961.762},{"text":"agenda","start":6961.794,"end":6962.083},{"text":"item.","start":6962.083,"end":6962.42}]},{"text":"The peaceful uses of outer space is a broad consensus of the international community, as well as the prerequisite and foundation for the sustainable development of global space activities.","start":6963.224,"end":6973.295,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6963.224,"end":6963.368},{"text":"peaceful","start":6963.368,"end":6963.721},{"text":"uses","start":6963.721,"end":6964.075},{"text":"of","start":6964.187,"end":6964.316},{"text":"outer","start":6964.412,"end":6964.589},{"text":"space","start":6964.589,"end":6964.878},{"text":"is","start":6965.312,"end":6965.408},{"text":"a","start":6965.408,"end":6965.472},{"text":"broad","start":6965.472,"end":6965.778},{"text":"consensus","start":6965.794,"end":6966.243},{"text":"of","start":6966.356,"end":6966.5},{"text":"the","start":6966.5,"end":6966.581},{"text":"international","start":6966.661,"end":6967.095},{"text":"community,","start":6967.095,"end":6967.609},{"text":"as","start":6968.026,"end":6968.091},{"text":"well","start":6968.123,"end":6968.251},{"text":"as","start":6968.428,"end":6968.492},{"text":"the","start":6968.524,"end":6968.669},{"text":"prerequisite","start":6968.669,"end":6969.392},{"text":"and","start":6969.408,"end":6969.472},{"text":"foundation","start":6969.568,"end":6970.098},{"text":"for","start":6970.195,"end":6970.291},{"text":"the","start":6970.291,"end":6970.355},{"text":"sustainable","start":6970.355,"end":6970.998},{"text":"development","start":6970.998,"end":6971.64},{"text":"of","start":6971.978,"end":6972.106},{"text":"global","start":6972.122,"end":6972.395},{"text":"space","start":6972.395,"end":6972.765},{"text":"activities.","start":6972.765,"end":6973.295}]},{"text":"As a primary forum for deliberations of matters related to the peaceful uses of outer space, COPUOS plays an important role in promoting the rule of law in outer space and coordinating international peace— space affairs.","start":6973.664,"end":6985.679,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."}],"words":[{"text":"First,","start":6994.94,"end":6995.16},{"text":"fully","start":6995.16,"end":6995.3},{"text":"and","start":6995.3,"end":6995.52},{"text":"faithfully","start":6995.52,"end":6995.94},{"text":"implement","start":6995.94,"end":6996.399},{"text":"the","start":6996.399,"end":6996.62},{"text":"Outer","start":6996.62,"end":6996.94},{"text":"Space","start":6996.94,"end":6997.12},{"text":"Treaty,","start":6997.12,"end":6997.92},{"text":"thereby","start":6997.979,"end":6998.139},{"text":"strengthening","start":6998.139,"end":6998.719},{"text":"the","start":6998.719,"end":6998.899},{"text":"legal","start":6998.899,"end":6999.24},{"text":"foundation","start":6999.24,"end":6999.979},{"text":"for","start":6999.979,"end":7000.399},{"text":"the","start":7000.399,"end":7000.44},{"text":"exploration","start":7000.44,"end":7001.12},{"text":"and","start":7001.12,"end":7001.36},{"text":"use","start":7001.36,"end":7001.639},{"text":"of","start":7001.639,"end":7001.8},{"text":"outer","start":7001.8,"end":7002},{"text":"space.","start":7002,"end":7002.7}]},{"text":"As the cornerstone of international space law, the Outer Space Treaty establishes the fundamental principles governing humanity's exploration and uses of outer space and expressly prohibits the placement of weapons of mass destruction in outer space.","start":7002.8,"end":7016.024,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7002.8,"end":7002.92},{"text":"the","start":7002.92,"end":7003.06},{"text":"cornerstone","start":7003.06,"end":7003.6},{"text":"of","start":7003.6,"end":7003.8},{"text":"international","start":7003.8,"end":7004.28},{"text":"space","start":7004.28,"end":7004.58},{"text":"law,","start":7004.58,"end":7005.33},{"text":"the","start":7005.6,"end":7005.6},{"text":"Outer","start":7005.6,"end":7006.14},{"text":"Space","start":7006.14,"end":7006.3},{"text":"Treaty","start":7006.3,"end":7006.62},{"text":"establishes","start":7006.62,"end":7007.38},{"text":"the","start":7007.38,"end":7007.5},{"text":"fundamental","start":7007.5,"end":7007.96},{"text":"principles","start":7007.96,"end":7008.5},{"text":"governing","start":7008.5,"end":7008.88},{"text":"humanity's","start":7008.88,"end":7009.82},{"text":"exploration","start":7009.82,"end":7010.22},{"text":"and","start":7010.22,"end":7010.46},{"text":"uses","start":7010.46,"end":7011.04},{"text":"of","start":7011.04,"end":7011.32},{"text":"outer","start":7011.32,"end":7011.5},{"text":"space","start":7011.5,"end":7011.8},{"text":"and","start":7011.8,"end":7011.98},{"text":"expressly","start":7011.98,"end":7012.54},{"text":"prohibits","start":7012.636,"end":7013.134},{"text":"the","start":7013.134,"end":7013.278},{"text":"placement","start":7013.278,"end":7013.76},{"text":"of","start":7013.76,"end":7013.856},{"text":"weapons","start":7013.856,"end":7014.178},{"text":"of","start":7014.258,"end":7014.306},{"text":"mass","start":7014.322,"end":7014.579},{"text":"destruction","start":7014.579,"end":7015.093},{"text":"in","start":7015.446,"end":7015.494},{"text":"outer","start":7015.526,"end":7015.719},{"text":"space.","start":7015.719,"end":7016.024}]},{"text":"However, a certain country disregards outer space law and defies the common pursuit of humanity for the peaceful uses of outer space by weaponizing outer space, turning it into a battlefield, and even using satellites and spacecraft to intervene in armed conflicts in other countries.","start":7016.249,"end":7033.012,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":7016.249,"end":7016.65},{"text":"a","start":7016.891,"end":7016.907},{"text":"certain","start":7016.907,"end":7017.276},{"text":"country","start":7017.293,"end":7017.598},{"text":"disregards","start":7017.951,"end":7018.641},{"text":"outer","start":7018.738,"end":7018.914},{"text":"space","start":7018.914,"end":7019.187},{"text":"law","start":7019.316,"end":7019.508},{"text":"and","start":7019.797,"end":7019.862},{"text":"defies","start":7019.91,"end":7020.408},{"text":"the","start":7020.825,"end":7021.002},{"text":"common","start":7021.002,"end":7021.387},{"text":"pursuit","start":7021.387,"end":7021.724},{"text":"of","start":7021.724,"end":7021.869},{"text":"humanity","start":7021.869,"end":7022.302},{"text":"for","start":7022.511,"end":7022.623},{"text":"the","start":7022.623,"end":7022.752},{"text":"peaceful","start":7022.752,"end":7023.137},{"text":"uses","start":7023.153,"end":7023.426},{"text":"of","start":7023.571,"end":7023.699},{"text":"outer","start":7023.812,"end":7023.988},{"text":"space","start":7023.988,"end":7024.325},{"text":"by","start":7024.775,"end":7024.887},{"text":"weaponizing","start":7024.935,"end":7025.546},{"text":"outer","start":7025.722,"end":7025.915},{"text":"space,","start":7025.915,"end":7026.284},{"text":"turning","start":7026.3,"end":7026.654},{"text":"it","start":7026.702,"end":7026.846},{"text":"into","start":7026.927,"end":7027.055},{"text":"a","start":7027.103,"end":7027.167},{"text":"battlefield,","start":7027.167,"end":7027.745},{"text":"and","start":7028.131,"end":7028.227},{"text":"even","start":7028.307,"end":7028.548},{"text":"using","start":7028.548,"end":7028.837},{"text":"satellites","start":7028.869,"end":7029.415},{"text":"and","start":7029.415,"end":7029.463},{"text":"spacecraft","start":7029.463,"end":7030.314},{"text":"to","start":7030.314,"end":7030.427},{"text":"intervene","start":7030.539,"end":7031.005},{"text":"in","start":7031.422,"end":7031.487},{"text":"armed","start":7031.583,"end":7031.727},{"text":"conflicts","start":7031.76,"end":7032.322},{"text":"in","start":7032.322,"end":7032.37},{"text":"other","start":7032.482,"end":7032.643},{"text":"countries.","start":7032.707,"end":7033.012}]},{"text":"China is firmly opposed to such conduct.","start":7033.349,"end":7035.934,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"China","start":7033.349,"end":7033.783},{"text":"is","start":7033.783,"end":7033.895},{"text":"firmly","start":7034.007,"end":7034.296},{"text":"opposed","start":7034.473,"end":7034.971},{"text":"to","start":7034.971,"end":7035.115},{"text":"such","start":7035.115,"end":7035.34},{"text":"conduct.","start":7035.372,"end":7035.934}]},{"text":"At its 80th session in December 2025, the UN General Assembly adopted by an overwhelming majority two resolutions, namely \"No First Placement of Weapons in Outer Space\" and \"Further Practical Measures for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space.\"","start":7038.728,"end":7053.965,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."},{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":7069.902,"end":7070.287},{"text":"deepen","start":7070.832,"end":7071.105},{"text":"international","start":7071.233,"end":7071.714},{"text":"cooperation","start":7071.73,"end":7072.372},{"text":"and","start":7072.372,"end":7072.452},{"text":"mutual","start":7072.5,"end":7072.756},{"text":"trust","start":7072.756,"end":7073.109},{"text":"to","start":7073.238,"end":7073.382},{"text":"ensure","start":7073.398,"end":7073.767},{"text":"that","start":7073.799,"end":7073.927},{"text":"space","start":7074.039,"end":7074.44},{"text":"technology","start":7074.44,"end":7074.986},{"text":"drives","start":7075.338,"end":7075.707},{"text":"global","start":7075.804,"end":7076.108},{"text":"development.","start":7076.14,"end":7076.782}]},{"text":"The international community should strengthen information sharing and coordination, and engage in technology transfer and capacity building, thereby supporting developing countries in enhancing their ability to apply space technologies.","start":7077.183,"end":7091.04,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":7109.38,"end":7111.02},{"text":"practice","start":7111.02,"end":7111.36},{"text":"true","start":7111.36,"end":7111.96},{"text":"multilateralism","start":7111.96,"end":7112.94},{"text":"and","start":7112.94,"end":7113.18},{"text":"support","start":7113.18,"end":7113.64},{"text":"COPUS","start":7113.64,"end":7114.02},{"text":"in","start":7114.02,"end":7114.52},{"text":"playing","start":7114.52,"end":7114.82},{"text":"its","start":7114.82,"end":7115.14},{"text":"its","start":7115.16,"end":7115.38},{"text":"role","start":7115.38,"end":7115.38},{"text":"as","start":7115.38,"end":7115.7},{"text":"a","start":7115.7,"end":7116.04},{"text":"main","start":7116.04,"end":7116.46},{"text":"platform","start":7116.46,"end":7117.02},{"text":"for","start":7117.02,"end":7117.4},{"text":"the","start":7117.4,"end":7117.46},{"text":"peaceful","start":7117.46,"end":7117.88},{"text":"uses","start":7117.88,"end":7118.26},{"text":"of","start":7118.26,"end":7118.5},{"text":"outer","start":7118.5,"end":7118.62},{"text":"space.","start":7118.62,"end":7119.44}]},{"text":"COPUS is the main body to develop rules and norms for outer space.","start":7119.44,"end":7123.47,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":7142.03,"end":7142.23},{"text":"worth","start":7142.23,"end":7142.41},{"text":"noting","start":7142.41,"end":7142.85},{"text":"that","start":7142.85,"end":7143.59},{"text":"the","start":7143.59,"end":7143.67},{"text":"rapid","start":7143.67,"end":7144.07},{"text":"growth","start":7144.07,"end":7144.53},{"text":"of","start":7144.53,"end":7144.749},{"text":"commercial","start":7144.749,"end":7145.27},{"text":"space","start":7145.27,"end":7145.77},{"text":"activities","start":7145.77,"end":7146.47},{"text":"is","start":7146.47,"end":7146.93},{"text":"creating","start":7146.93,"end":7147.789},{"text":"new","start":7147.789,"end":7148.209},{"text":"regulatory","start":7148.209,"end":7148.79},{"text":"challenges","start":7148.79,"end":7149.35},{"text":"for","start":7149.35,"end":7149.59},{"text":"all","start":7149.59,"end":7149.889},{"text":"countries.","start":7149.889,"end":7151.29}]},{"text":"Issues like large LEO satellite constellations and close proximity operations are also putting higher demands on outer space governance.","start":7151.29,"end":7160.01,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."},{"key":"space-traffic-ssa","label":"Space Traffic and SSA","description":"Many speakers highlighted space traffic management and space situational awareness as urgent governance and technical priorities. They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."}],"words":[{"text":"Issues","start":7151.29,"end":7151.45},{"text":"like","start":7151.45,"end":7151.83},{"text":"large","start":7151.83,"end":7152.309},{"text":"LEO","start":7152.309,"end":7152.85},{"text":"satellite","start":7152.85,"end":7153.57},{"text":"constellations","start":7153.57,"end":7154.43},{"text":"and","start":7154.43,"end":7154.69},{"text":"close","start":7154.69,"end":7155.11},{"text":"proximity","start":7155.11,"end":7155.71},{"text":"operations","start":7155.71,"end":7156.35},{"text":"are","start":7156.35,"end":7156.61},{"text":"also","start":7156.61,"end":7156.89},{"text":"putting","start":7156.89,"end":7157.19},{"text":"higher","start":7157.19,"end":7157.49},{"text":"demands","start":7157.49,"end":7158.05},{"text":"on","start":7158.05,"end":7158.59},{"text":"outer","start":7158.59,"end":7158.91},{"text":"space","start":7158.91,"end":7159.21},{"text":"governance.","start":7159.21,"end":7160.01}]},{"text":"COPUS should further study these issues to ensure peace and security in outer space.","start":7160.19,"end":7166.06,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"COPUS","start":7160.19,"end":7160.49},{"text":"should","start":7160.49,"end":7160.81},{"text":"further","start":7160.81,"end":7161.21},{"text":"study","start":7161.21,"end":7161.65},{"text":"these","start":7161.65,"end":7161.93},{"text":"issues","start":7161.93,"end":7162.51},{"text":"to","start":7162.51,"end":7162.95},{"text":"ensure","start":7162.95,"end":7163.47},{"text":"peace","start":7163.47,"end":7163.85},{"text":"and","start":7163.85,"end":7164.01},{"text":"security","start":7164.01,"end":7164.55},{"text":"in","start":7164.55,"end":7164.87},{"text":"outer","start":7164.87,"end":7165.11},{"text":"space.","start":7165.11,"end":7166.06}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, the vast universe is the common heritage of humanity.","start":7166.48,"end":7172.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":7166.48,"end":7167.48},{"text":"Chair,","start":7167.48,"end":7168.66},{"text":"the","start":7168.66,"end":7168.72},{"text":"vast","start":7168.72,"end":7169.04},{"text":"universe","start":7169.04,"end":7169.62},{"text":"is","start":7169.62,"end":7170.359},{"text":"the","start":7170.359,"end":7170.46},{"text":"common","start":7170.46,"end":7170.76},{"text":"heritage","start":7170.76,"end":7171.3},{"text":"of","start":7171.3,"end":7171.58},{"text":"humanity.","start":7171.58,"end":7172.38}]},{"text":"China is committed to fulfilling the important responsibility for the peaceful uses of outer space alongside all member states and jointly promoting the high-quality development of humanity's space endeavors.","start":7173.58,"end":7185.6,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7203.471,"end":7203.616},{"text":"delegation","start":7203.712,"end":7204.226},{"text":"would","start":7204.226,"end":7204.355},{"text":"like","start":7204.355,"end":7204.451},{"text":"to","start":7204.451,"end":7204.612},{"text":"reaffirm","start":7204.612,"end":7205.174},{"text":"the","start":7205.174,"end":7205.286},{"text":"fundamental","start":7205.318,"end":7205.929},{"text":"value","start":7205.977,"end":7206.603},{"text":"of","start":7206.603,"end":7206.684},{"text":"international","start":7206.684,"end":7207.246},{"text":"cooperation","start":7207.246,"end":7207.872},{"text":"when","start":7207.969,"end":7208.033},{"text":"it","start":7208.065,"end":7208.129},{"text":"comes","start":7208.129,"end":7208.322},{"text":"to","start":7208.322,"end":7208.386},{"text":"the","start":7208.386,"end":7208.483},{"text":"development","start":7208.483,"end":7209.029},{"text":"of","start":7209.029,"end":7209.109},{"text":"space","start":7209.109,"end":7209.382},{"text":"activities,","start":7209.495,"end":7210.201},{"text":"highlighting","start":7211.02,"end":7211.727},{"text":"that","start":7212.064,"end":7212.225},{"text":"the","start":7212.225,"end":7212.305},{"text":"spirit—","start":7212.305,"end":7212.819},{"text":"that","start":7213.108,"end":7213.221},{"text":"a","start":7213.221,"end":7213.285},{"text":"spirit","start":7213.285,"end":7213.606},{"text":"of","start":7213.606,"end":7213.687},{"text":"collaboration","start":7213.687,"end":7214.377},{"text":"should","start":7214.49,"end":7214.715},{"text":"guide","start":7214.715,"end":7214.972},{"text":"the","start":7214.972,"end":7215.052},{"text":"work","start":7215.052,"end":7215.357},{"text":"of","start":7215.357,"end":7215.502},{"text":"this","start":7215.518,"end":7215.694},{"text":"committee.","start":7215.694,"end":7216.225}]},{"text":"This is a body which has the mandate and the responsibility to promote, strengthen, and generate mechanisms focusing on the preservation of outer space and its use for peaceful purposes.","start":7216.722,"end":7227.304,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7216.722,"end":7216.787},{"text":"is","start":7216.835,"end":7216.915},{"text":"a","start":7216.915,"end":7217.044},{"text":"body","start":7217.044,"end":7217.285},{"text":"which","start":7217.285,"end":7217.381},{"text":"has","start":7217.381,"end":7217.429},{"text":"the","start":7217.445,"end":7217.654},{"text":"mandate","start":7217.558,"end":7218.023},{"text":"and","start":7218.023,"end":7218.088},{"text":"the","start":7218.088,"end":7218.184},{"text":"responsibility","start":7218.184,"end":7219.115},{"text":"to","start":7219.147,"end":7219.436},{"text":"promote,","start":7219.468,"end":7220.03},{"text":"strengthen,","start":7220.287,"end":7220.721},{"text":"and","start":7220.897,"end":7220.978},{"text":"generate","start":7220.994,"end":7221.556},{"text":"mechanisms","start":7221.556,"end":7222.246},{"text":"focusing","start":7222.583,"end":7223.129},{"text":"on","start":7223.161,"end":7223.21},{"text":"the","start":7223.21,"end":7223.258},{"text":"preservation","start":7223.258,"end":7223.852},{"text":"of","start":7223.9,"end":7224.028},{"text":"outer","start":7224.028,"end":7224.285},{"text":"space","start":7224.285,"end":7224.655},{"text":"and","start":7225.49,"end":7225.554},{"text":"its","start":7225.57,"end":7225.73},{"text":"use","start":7225.73,"end":7226.164},{"text":"for","start":7226.212,"end":7226.357},{"text":"peaceful","start":7226.357,"end":7226.678},{"text":"purposes.","start":7226.678,"end":7227.304}]},{"text":"In this regard, we would like to recall that there is a vast and infinite, infinite range of legal, technical, and policy options which could be implemented with the aim of keeping or maintaining outer space for peaceful purposes.","start":7227.4,"end":7241.594,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7227.4,"end":7227.449},{"text":"this","start":7227.481,"end":7227.657},{"text":"regard,","start":7227.657,"end":7227.978},{"text":"we","start":7227.994,"end":7228.043},{"text":"would","start":7228.043,"end":7228.155},{"text":"like","start":7228.155,"end":7228.38},{"text":"to","start":7228.38,"end":7228.476},{"text":"recall","start":7228.54,"end":7228.894},{"text":"that","start":7229.584,"end":7229.664},{"text":"there","start":7229.664,"end":7229.841},{"text":"is","start":7229.841,"end":7229.953},{"text":"a","start":7230.002,"end":7230.018},{"text":"vast","start":7230.066,"end":7230.612},{"text":"and","start":7230.612,"end":7230.756},{"text":"infinite,","start":7230.853,"end":7231.511},{"text":"infinite","start":7231.736,"end":7232.394},{"text":"range","start":7232.956,"end":7233.406},{"text":"of","start":7233.582,"end":7233.727},{"text":"legal,","start":7233.839,"end":7234.128},{"text":"technical,","start":7234.305,"end":7234.754},{"text":"and","start":7234.867,"end":7235.252},{"text":"policy","start":7235.364,"end":7235.766},{"text":"options","start":7235.83,"end":7236.296},{"text":"which","start":7236.328,"end":7236.504},{"text":"could","start":7236.504,"end":7236.633},{"text":"be","start":7236.649,"end":7236.793},{"text":"implemented","start":7236.793,"end":7237.372},{"text":"with","start":7237.372,"end":7237.532},{"text":"the","start":7237.532,"end":7237.612},{"text":"aim","start":7237.612,"end":7237.725},{"text":"of","start":7237.789,"end":7237.901},{"text":"keeping","start":7238.158,"end":7238.544},{"text":"or","start":7239.234,"end":7239.282},{"text":"maintaining","start":7239.282,"end":7239.748},{"text":"outer","start":7239.925,"end":7240.101},{"text":"space","start":7240.101,"end":7240.487},{"text":"for","start":7240.487,"end":7240.567},{"text":"peaceful","start":7240.647,"end":7240.984},{"text":"purposes.","start":7240.984,"end":7241.594}]},{"text":"This is an issue which is— which all states present in this room are to address.","start":7242.734,"end":7248.423,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":7242.734,"end":7242.863},{"text":"is","start":7242.879,"end":7242.959},{"text":"an","start":7243.072,"end":7243.12},{"text":"issue","start":7243.216,"end":7243.65},{"text":"which","start":7244.1,"end":7244.245},{"text":"is—","start":7244.502,"end":7244.807},{"text":"which","start":7245.482,"end":7245.61},{"text":"all","start":7245.707,"end":7245.868},{"text":"states","start":7245.868,"end":7246.205},{"text":"present","start":7246.205,"end":7246.526},{"text":"in","start":7246.526,"end":7246.671},{"text":"this","start":7246.671,"end":7246.735},{"text":"room","start":7246.848,"end":7247.266},{"text":"are","start":7247.394,"end":7247.491},{"text":"to","start":7247.491,"end":7247.748},{"text":"address.","start":7247.973,"end":7248.423}]},{"text":"In this regard, as is well known, the current legal framework applicable to outer space does not guarantee by itself the preservation of its peaceful use.","start":7248.535,"end":7257.598,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital 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Mr. Chair, bearing in mind that the path towards the consolidation of these instruments calls for careful and hard work, this delegation believes that we need to be— that being rigorous in the implementation of normative norms and practices in force could favor goals in this 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in outer space activities, and when it comes to the registry of launched objects in particular, paying greater attention to the purpose of these objects could be useful to determine any loss or damage which in a deliberate or accidental manner a mission could cause to the outer space environment, along with its impact on the terrestrial biosphere or the activity of other states parties.","start":7311.717,"end":7332.735,"topics":[{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. 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Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."},{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7465.24,"end":7465.32},{"text":"also","start":7465.32,"end":7465.56},{"text":"note","start":7465.56,"end":7465.86},{"text":"that","start":7465.86,"end":7465.98},{"text":"the","start":7465.98,"end":7466.02},{"text":"deliberations","start":7466.02,"end":7466.7},{"text":"on","start":7466.7,"end":7466.96},{"text":"certain","start":7466.96,"end":7467.14},{"text":"space-related","start":7467.14,"end":7467.74},{"text":"activities","start":7467.86,"end":7468.56},{"text":"in","start":7468.56,"end":7468.9},{"text":"governing","start":7468.9,"end":7469.18},{"text":"bodies","start":7469.18,"end":7469.56},{"text":"of","start":7469.56,"end":7469.76},{"text":"UN","start":7469.76,"end":7470.04},{"text":"specialized","start":7470.04,"end":7470.6},{"text":"agencies,","start":7470.6,"end":7471.55},{"text":"such","start":7472.02,"end":7472.12},{"text":"as","start":7472.12,"end":7472.28},{"text":"the","start":7472.28,"end":7472.42},{"text":"ITU,—","start":7472.42,"end":7473.15},{"text":"and","start":7473.15,"end":7473.39},{"text":"the","start":7473.39,"end":7473.49},{"text":"WMO","start":7473.49,"end":7474.23},{"text":"can","start":7474.23,"end":7474.81},{"text":"have","start":7474.81,"end":7475.01},{"text":"implications","start":7475.01,"end":7475.61},{"text":"for","start":7475.61,"end":7475.93},{"text":"both","start":7475.93,"end":7476.23},{"text":"this","start":7476.23,"end":7476.57},{"text":"committee","start":7476.57,"end":7476.95},{"text":"and","start":7476.95,"end":7477.429},{"text":"discussions","start":7477.429,"end":7477.889},{"text":"in","start":7477.889,"end":7478.229},{"text":"disarmament","start":7478.229,"end":7478.929},{"text":"and","start":7478.929,"end":7479.17},{"text":"international","start":7479.17,"end":7479.689},{"text":"security","start":7479.689,"end":7480.17},{"text":"fora.","start":7480.17,"end":7481.369}]},{"text":"As we acknowledge the distinct mandates regarding space issues among elements in the UN system, the United States again notes that some committee efforts, such as the guidelines for orbital debris mitigation and long-term sustainability of outer space activities, complement and contribute to enhancing space security and stability.","start":7481.99,"end":7501.565,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."},{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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They called for better information sharing, legal and policy work, and practical coordination to reduce risks from close approaches and crowded orbits."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7502.383,"end":7502.447},{"text":"we","start":7502.479,"end":7502.623},{"text":"have","start":7502.623,"end":7502.703},{"text":"noted","start":7502.719,"end":7502.96},{"text":"before","start":7502.96,"end":7503.232},{"text":"in","start":7503.28,"end":7503.36},{"text":"this","start":7503.36,"end":7503.521},{"text":"committee,","start":7503.521,"end":7503.889},{"text":"the","start":7504.162,"end":7504.258},{"text":"next","start":7504.258,"end":7504.466},{"text":"century","start":7504.466,"end":7504.867},{"text":"of","start":7504.867,"end":7504.915},{"text":"space","start":7504.947,"end":7505.3},{"text":"achievements","start":7505.3,"end":7506.005},{"text":"requires","start":7506.326,"end":7506.695},{"text":"advanced","start":7506.743,"end":7507.208},{"text":"capabilities","start":7507.208,"end":7507.929},{"text":"and","start":7507.929,"end":7508.025},{"text":"approaches","start":7508.025,"end":7508.538},{"text":"for","start":7509.115,"end":7509.211},{"text":"enabling","start":7509.211,"end":7509.66},{"text":"the","start":7509.756,"end":7509.836},{"text":"sustainability","start":7509.836,"end":7510.702},{"text":"of","start":7510.91,"end":7510.974},{"text":"space","start":7510.974,"end":7511.407},{"text":"operations","start":7511.439,"end":7512.225},{"text":"through","start":7512.257,"end":7512.417},{"text":"effective","start":7512.433,"end":7513.026},{"text":"and","start":7513.138,"end":7513.203},{"text":"responsible","start":7513.299,"end":7513.956},{"text":"approaches","start":7513.956,"end":7514.469},{"text":"to","start":7515.046,"end":7515.142},{"text":"space","start":7515.142,"end":7515.415},{"text":"traffic","start":7515.463,"end":7515.864},{"text":"management,","start":7515.864,"end":7516.537},{"text":"as","start":7516.921,"end":7517.034},{"text":"well","start":7517.066,"end":7517.21},{"text":"as","start":7517.242,"end":7517.354},{"text":"orbital","start":7517.466,"end":7517.771},{"text":"debris","start":7517.787,"end":7518.204},{"text":"mitigation","start":7518.428,"end":7519.118},{"text":"and","start":7519.31,"end":7519.374},{"text":"remediation.","start":7519.454,"end":7520.24}]},{"text":"Chair, in carrying out its mandate for international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space, this committee advances both universal accession to the four core space treaties, as well as voluntary, non-legally binding best practices and guide— guidelines for the full range of governmental and non-governmental space activities conducted for peaceful purposes.","start":7521.538,"end":7546.43,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."},{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":7521.538,"end":7521.827},{"text":"in","start":7522.42,"end":7522.484},{"text":"carrying","start":7522.516,"end":7522.884},{"text":"out","start":7522.981,"end":7523.109},{"text":"its","start":7523.301,"end":7523.413},{"text":"mandate","start":7523.478,"end":7523.894},{"text":"for","start":7523.942,"end":7524.103},{"text":"international","start":7524.103,"end":7524.664},{"text":"cooperation","start":7524.664,"end":7525.337},{"text":"in","start":7525.337,"end":7525.401},{"text":"the","start":7525.465,"end":7525.561},{"text":"peaceful","start":7525.71,"end":7526.03},{"text":"uses","start":7526.03,"end":7526.51},{"text":"of","start":7526.51,"end":7526.93},{"text":"outer","start":7526.93,"end":7527.09},{"text":"space,","start":7527.09,"end":7528.14},{"text":"this","start":7528.29,"end":7528.33},{"text":"committee","start":7528.33,"end":7528.71},{"text":"advances","start":7528.71,"end":7529.33},{"text":"both","start":7529.33,"end":7529.729},{"text":"universal","start":7529.729,"end":7530.45},{"text":"accession","start":7530.91,"end":7531.61},{"text":"to","start":7531.61,"end":7531.75},{"text":"the","start":7531.75,"end":7531.99},{"text":"four","start":7531.99,"end":7532.269},{"text":"core","start":7532.269,"end":7532.549},{"text":"space","start":7532.549,"end":7532.809},{"text":"treaties,","start":7532.809,"end":7533.509},{"text":"as","start":7534.27,"end":7534.27},{"text":"well","start":7534.27,"end":7534.55},{"text":"as","start":7534.55,"end":7535.71},{"text":"voluntary,","start":7535.71,"end":7536.11},{"text":"non-legally","start":7536.11,"end":7536.69},{"text":"binding","start":7536.69,"end":7537.05},{"text":"best","start":7537.05,"end":7537.35},{"text":"practices","start":7537.35,"end":7537.909},{"text":"and","start":7537.909,"end":7538.45},{"text":"guide—","start":7538.45,"end":7539.63},{"text":"guidelines","start":7539.63,"end":7539.63},{"text":"for","start":7539.63,"end":7540.03},{"text":"the","start":7540.03,"end":7540.15},{"text":"full","start":7540.15,"end":7540.47},{"text":"range","start":7540.47,"end":7541.05},{"text":"of","start":7541.05,"end":7541.79},{"text":"governmental","start":7541.79,"end":7542.27},{"text":"and","start":7542.27,"end":7542.49},{"text":"non-governmental","start":7542.49,"end":7543.23},{"text":"space","start":7543.23,"end":7543.61},{"text":"activities","start":7543.61,"end":7544.15},{"text":"conducted","start":7544.15,"end":7544.63},{"text":"for","start":7544.63,"end":7544.83},{"text":"peaceful","start":7544.83,"end":7545.23},{"text":"purposes.","start":7545.23,"end":7546.43}]},{"text":"In this regard, the United States has consistently maintained that activities of commercial entities under the authorization and continuing supervision of states parties to the Outer Space Treaty are to be carried out in conformity with the provisions thereof.","start":7546.67,"end":7562.2,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":7546.67,"end":7546.77},{"text":"this","start":7546.77,"end":7546.95},{"text":"regard,","start":7546.95,"end":7547.4},{"text":"the","start":7547.67,"end":7547.69},{"text":"United","start":7547.69,"end":7547.93},{"text":"States","start":7547.93,"end":7548.29},{"text":"has","start":7548.29,"end":7548.67},{"text":"consistently","start":7548.67,"end":7549.21},{"text":"maintained","start":7549.21,"end":7549.93},{"text":"that","start":7549.93,"end":7550.19},{"text":"activities","start":7550.19,"end":7550.59},{"text":"of","start":7550.59,"end":7550.81},{"text":"commercial","start":7550.81,"end":7551.17},{"text":"entities","start":7551.24,"end":7551.8},{"text":"under","start":7551.8,"end":7552.18},{"text":"the","start":7552.18,"end":7552.48},{"text":"authorization","start":7552.48,"end":7553.06},{"text":"and","start":7553.06,"end":7553.94},{"text":"continuing","start":7553.94,"end":7554.42},{"text":"supervision","start":7554.42,"end":7555.1},{"text":"of","start":7555.1,"end":7555.36},{"text":"states","start":7555.36,"end":7555.759},{"text":"parties","start":7555.759,"end":7556.22},{"text":"to","start":7556.22,"end":7556.4},{"text":"the","start":7556.4,"end":7556.6},{"text":"Outer","start":7556.6,"end":7556.78},{"text":"Space","start":7556.78,"end":7557.02},{"text":"Treaty","start":7557.02,"end":7557.499},{"text":"are","start":7557.499,"end":7558.02},{"text":"to","start":7558.02,"end":7558.2},{"text":"be","start":7558.2,"end":7558.32},{"text":"carried","start":7558.32,"end":7558.48},{"text":"out","start":7558.48,"end":7558.999},{"text":"in","start":7558.999,"end":7559.24},{"text":"conformity","start":7559.24,"end":7559.98},{"text":"with","start":7559.98,"end":7560.14},{"text":"the","start":7560.14,"end":7560.26},{"text":"provisions","start":7560.26,"end":7560.9},{"text":"thereof.","start":7560.9,"end":7562.2}]},{"text":"The United States will continue to uphold and advocate for COPUOS's position as the premier venue for the promotion of international space cooperation and the study and discussion of issues related to the maintenance of the peaceful uses of outer space.","start":7562.92,"end":7577.713,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Outer","start":7635.104,"end":7635.329},{"text":"space","start":7635.329,"end":7635.714},{"text":"should","start":7635.987,"end":7636.227},{"text":"remain","start":7636.227,"end":7636.5},{"text":"open","start":7636.693,"end":7636.966},{"text":"and","start":7637.271,"end":7637.335},{"text":"safe","start":7637.415,"end":7637.864},{"text":"so","start":7638.33,"end":7638.522},{"text":"that","start":7638.538,"end":7638.683},{"text":"all","start":7638.715,"end":7638.811},{"text":"states","start":7638.876,"end":7639.357},{"text":"can","start":7639.357,"end":7639.534},{"text":"use","start":7639.582,"end":7639.79},{"text":"it","start":7639.903,"end":7640.095},{"text":"for","start":7640.641,"end":7640.785},{"text":"peaceful","start":7640.785,"end":7641.171},{"text":"purposes.","start":7641.187,"end":7641.732}]},{"text":"Mexico is certain that multilateral action is crucial, perhaps more than ever, to guarantee international peace and security.","start":7643.289,"end":7651.763,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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you very much, Chair.","start":7787.834,"end":7788.733,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7787.834,"end":7787.995},{"text":"you","start":7787.995,"end":7788.075},{"text":"very","start":7788.075,"end":7788.284},{"text":"much,","start":7788.316,"end":7788.525},{"text":"Chair.","start":7788.557,"end":7788.733}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"MEX","affiliation_full":"Mexico","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":45,"start":7790.067,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=7791","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Mexico for the 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India.","start":7795.528,"end":7800.234,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7795.528,"end":7795.753},{"text":"the","start":7795.785,"end":7795.881},{"text":"next","start":7795.881,"end":7796.218},{"text":"speaker","start":7796.218,"end":7796.572},{"text":"on","start":7796.572,"end":7796.604},{"text":"my","start":7796.604,"end":7796.781},{"text":"list","start":7796.893,"end":7797.375},{"text":"is","start":7797.375,"end":7797.519},{"text":"the","start":7797.616,"end":7797.712},{"text":"distinguished","start":7797.712,"end":7798.419},{"text":"representative","start":7798.419,"end":7799.383},{"text":"of","start":7799.383,"end":7799.608},{"text":"India.","start":7799.784,"end":7800.234}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":46,"start":7801.551,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=7802","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":7801.551,"end":7802.451,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7801.551,"end":7801.728},{"text":"you,","start":7801.728,"end":7801.792},{"text":"Mr.","start":7801.808,"end":7802.049},{"text":"Chair.","start":7802.177,"end":7802.451}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"India has an operational space program spanning the entire gamut of activities, including space transportation, space infrastructure, and space applications.","start":7804.282,"end":7812.735,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"India","start":7804.282,"end":7804.619},{"text":"has","start":7804.619,"end":7804.908},{"text":"an","start":7805.004,"end":7805.069},{"text":"operational","start":7805.342,"end":7805.775},{"text":"space","start":7805.807,"end":7806.064},{"text":"program","start":7806.064,"end":7806.466},{"text":"spanning","start":7806.466,"end":7806.916},{"text":"the","start":7806.948,"end":7807.028},{"text":"entire","start":7807.092,"end":7807.43},{"text":"gamut","start":7807.43,"end":7807.751},{"text":"of","start":7807.751,"end":7807.88},{"text":"activities,","start":7808.072,"end":7808.52},{"text":"including","start":7808.937,"end":7809.322},{"text":"space","start":7809.418,"end":7809.738},{"text":"transportation,","start":7809.738,"end":7810.363},{"text":"space","start":7810.46,"end":7810.796},{"text":"infrastructure,","start":7810.796,"end":7811.581},{"text":"and","start":7811.677,"end":7811.741},{"text":"space","start":7811.758,"end":7812.158},{"text":"applications.","start":7812.158,"end":7812.735}]},{"text":"India places utmost importance to the advancing discussion on the utilization of outer space for peaceful purposes and preserve it for generations to come.","start":7813.52,"end":7823.392,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"India","start":7813.52,"end":7813.761},{"text":"places","start":7813.761,"end":7814.129},{"text":"utmost","start":7814.402,"end":7815.139},{"text":"importance","start":7815.187,"end":7815.796},{"text":"to","start":7815.924,"end":7816.004},{"text":"the","start":7816.004,"end":7816.084},{"text":"advancing","start":7816.549,"end":7816.934},{"text":"discussion","start":7817.046,"end":7817.575},{"text":"on","start":7817.911,"end":7818.055},{"text":"the","start":7818.087,"end":7818.232},{"text":"utilization","start":7818.232,"end":7818.84},{"text":"of","start":7818.873,"end":7819.033},{"text":"outer","start":7819.033,"end":7819.209},{"text":"space","start":7819.209,"end":7819.498},{"text":"for","start":7819.754,"end":7820.01},{"text":"peaceful","start":7820.01,"end":7820.315},{"text":"purposes","start":7820.331,"end":7820.86},{"text":"and","start":7821.356,"end":7821.533},{"text":"preserve","start":7821.533,"end":7821.901},{"text":"it","start":7821.997,"end":7822.11},{"text":"for","start":7822.11,"end":7822.35},{"text":"generations","start":7822.638,"end":7823.055},{"text":"to","start":7823.055,"end":7823.151},{"text":"come.","start":7823.215,"end":7823.392}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, India is party to all major space treaties and abides by their provisions in its national program.","start":7824.417,"end":7831.067,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":7824.417,"end":7824.609},{"text":"Chair,","start":7824.658,"end":7824.978},{"text":"India","start":7825.459,"end":7825.683},{"text":"is","start":7825.683,"end":7825.827},{"text":"party","start":7825.94,"end":7826.228},{"text":"to","start":7826.26,"end":7826.372},{"text":"all","start":7826.645,"end":7826.693},{"text":"major","start":7826.757,"end":7826.997},{"text":"space","start":7826.997,"end":7827.27},{"text":"treaties","start":7827.318,"end":7827.67},{"text":"and","start":7828.103,"end":7828.167},{"text":"abides","start":7828.327,"end":7828.632},{"text":"by","start":7828.664,"end":7828.824},{"text":"their","start":7828.824,"end":7829.048},{"text":"provisions","start":7829.048,"end":7829.593},{"text":"in","start":7830.01,"end":7830.106},{"text":"its","start":7830.106,"end":7830.33},{"text":"national","start":7830.33,"end":7830.651},{"text":"program.","start":7830.667,"end":7831.067}]},{"text":"Further, the framework of Indian Space Policy 2023 ensures state supervision over private space activities in line with the registration of space objects, best practices for spaceflight safety, and appropriate provision towards liability aspects of space activities.","start":7832.269,"end":7849.427,"topics":[{"key":"national-space-law","label":"National Space Legislation","description":"Several countries reported work on new space laws, updated regulatory frameworks, treaty accession, and domestic authorization and supervision of space activities. These measures were presented as essential for implementing international obligations and managing growing national space sectors."},{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral 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Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8094.007,"end":8094.103},{"text":"the","start":8094.103,"end":8094.184},{"text":"misuse","start":8094.184,"end":8094.729},{"text":"of","start":8094.729,"end":8094.793},{"text":"commercial","start":8094.826,"end":8095.259},{"text":"space","start":8095.323,"end":8095.644},{"text":"systems.","start":8095.644,"end":8096.077}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, the Islamic Republic of Iran once again expresses its serious concerns regarding the continued unauthorized provision of services by the Starlink satellite system in its territory.","start":8096.591,"end":8111.084,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. 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Nigeria.","start":8141.53,"end":8145.703,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8141.53,"end":8141.611},{"text":"next","start":8141.611,"end":8141.884},{"text":"speaker","start":8141.884,"end":8142.237},{"text":"on","start":8142.333,"end":8142.477},{"text":"my","start":8142.477,"end":8142.638},{"text":"list","start":8142.638,"end":8143.071},{"text":"is","start":8143.135,"end":8143.264},{"text":"the","start":8143.376,"end":8143.456},{"text":"distinguished","start":8143.521,"end":8144.082},{"text":"representative","start":8144.082,"end":8144.789},{"text":"of","start":8144.965,"end":8145.013},{"text":"Nigeria.","start":8145.126,"end":8145.703}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":50,"start":8149.151,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=8150","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Mr. Chairman, distinguished delegates, the Federal Republic of Nigeria reaffirms that the peaceful use of outer space remains a foundational principle upon which all space activities must be conducted.","start":8149.151,"end":8161.628,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8149.151,"end":8149.343},{"text":"Chairman,","start":8149.391,"end":8149.84},{"text":"distinguished","start":8150.338,"end":8150.819},{"text":"delegates,","start":8150.819,"end":8151.428},{"text":"the","start":8152.038,"end":8152.118},{"text":"Federal","start":8152.118,"end":8152.422},{"text":"Republic","start":8152.422,"end":8152.823},{"text":"of","start":8152.823,"end":8152.92},{"text":"Nigeria","start":8152.92,"end":8153.465},{"text":"reaffirms","start":8153.465,"end":8154.17},{"text":"that","start":8154.587,"end":8154.684},{"text":"the","start":8154.684,"end":8154.764},{"text":"peaceful","start":8154.764,"end":8155.277},{"text":"use","start":8155.309,"end":8155.646},{"text":"of","start":8155.646,"end":8155.806},{"text":"outer","start":8155.806,"end":8156.047},{"text":"space","start":8156.047,"end":8156.512},{"text":"remains","start":8156.512,"end":8156.945},{"text":"a","start":8156.945,"end":8156.961},{"text":"foundational","start":8157.009,"end":8157.65},{"text":"principle","start":8157.65,"end":8158.324},{"text":"upon","start":8158.789,"end":8159.062},{"text":"which","start":8159.158,"end":8159.302},{"text":"all","start":8159.559,"end":8159.607},{"text":"space","start":8159.719,"end":8160.072},{"text":"activities","start":8160.072,"end":8160.665},{"text":"must","start":8160.762,"end":8160.986},{"text":"be","start":8161.002,"end":8161.082},{"text":"conducted.","start":8161.082,"end":8161.628}]},{"text":"As outer space becomes increasingly congested, contested, and competitive, the responsibility of this committee to preserve its peaceful character has become more urgent than ever.","start":8162.446,"end":8174.11,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8162.446,"end":8162.51},{"text":"outer","start":8162.606,"end":8162.863},{"text":"space","start":8162.863,"end":8163.392},{"text":"becomes","start":8163.424,"end":8163.825},{"text":"increasingly","start":8163.825,"end":8164.386},{"text":"congested,","start":8164.45,"end":8165.076},{"text":"contested,","start":8165.332,"end":8165.942},{"text":"and","start":8165.974,"end":8166.07},{"text":"competitive,","start":8166.07,"end":8166.84},{"text":"the","start":8167.417,"end":8167.481},{"text":"responsibility","start":8167.481,"end":8168.203},{"text":"of","start":8168.235,"end":8168.363},{"text":"this","start":8168.395,"end":8168.556},{"text":"committee","start":8168.556,"end":8169.005},{"text":"to","start":8169.422,"end":8169.518},{"text":"preserve","start":8169.518,"end":8170.095},{"text":"its","start":8170.095,"end":8170.32},{"text":"peaceful","start":8170.32,"end":8170.721},{"text":"character","start":8170.721,"end":8171.138},{"text":"has","start":8171.19,"end":8171.87},{"text":"become","start":8171.87,"end":8172.27},{"text":"more","start":8172.27,"end":8172.59},{"text":"urgent","start":8172.59,"end":8172.89},{"text":"than","start":8172.89,"end":8173.11},{"text":"ever.","start":8173.11,"end":8174.11}]},{"text":"Nigeria recognizes that the maintaining of outer space for peaceful purposes also extends to addressing emerging challenges such as orbital congestion, dual-use technologies, space debris propagation, spectrum interference, and the growing asymmetry in access to space capabilities.","start":8174.81,"end":8191.89,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"space-sustainability","label":"Space Sustainability","description":"Delegations repeatedly discussed the need to keep the space environment safe, secure, and sustainable for future generations. This included long-term sustainability guidelines, debris mitigation, responsible behavior, and the growing challenge of orbital congestion."},{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":8174.81,"end":8174.81},{"text":"recognizes","start":8174.81,"end":8175.55},{"text":"that","start":8175.55,"end":8175.85},{"text":"the","start":8175.85,"end":8175.909},{"text":"maintaining","start":8175.909,"end":8176.369},{"text":"of","start":8176.369,"end":8176.67},{"text":"outer","start":8176.67,"end":8176.869},{"text":"space","start":8176.869,"end":8177.209},{"text":"for","start":8177.209,"end":8177.369},{"text":"peaceful","start":8177.369,"end":8177.65},{"text":"purposes","start":8177.65,"end":8178.529},{"text":"also","start":8178.529,"end":8178.989},{"text":"extends","start":8178.989,"end":8179.59},{"text":"to","start":8179.59,"end":8179.85},{"text":"addressing","start":8179.85,"end":8180.19},{"text":"emerging","start":8180.19,"end":8180.67},{"text":"challenges","start":8180.67,"end":8181.45},{"text":"such","start":8181.45,"end":8182.11},{"text":"as","start":8182.11,"end":8182.33},{"text":"orbital","start":8182.33,"end":8182.61},{"text":"congestion,","start":8182.61,"end":8183.83},{"text":"dual-use","start":8183.83,"end":8184.15},{"text":"technologies,","start":8184.15,"end":8185.59},{"text":"space","start":8185.59,"end":8185.77},{"text":"debris","start":8185.77,"end":8186.049},{"text":"propagation,","start":8186.049,"end":8186.75},{"text":"spectrum","start":8187.35,"end":8187.59},{"text":"interference,","start":8187.59,"end":8188.99},{"text":"and","start":8188.99,"end":8188.99},{"text":"the","start":8188.99,"end":8189.09},{"text":"growing","start":8189.09,"end":8189.29},{"text":"asymmetry","start":8189.29,"end":8189.95},{"text":"in","start":8189.95,"end":8190.27},{"text":"access","start":8190.27,"end":8190.59},{"text":"to","start":8190.59,"end":8190.77},{"text":"space","start":8190.77,"end":8191.09},{"text":"capabilities.","start":8191.09,"end":8191.89}]},{"text":"In this regard, Nigeria underscores that the existing United Nations treaties and outer space, particularly the Outer Space Treaty of 1967, remain the cornerstone of the global space governance architecture.","start":8192.65,"end":8204.928,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8192.65,"end":8192.75},{"text":"this","start":8192.75,"end":8192.99},{"text":"regard,","start":8192.99,"end":8193.59},{"text":"Nigeria","start":8194.01,"end":8194.31},{"text":"underscores","start":8194.31,"end":8194.81},{"text":"that","start":8194.81,"end":8195.13},{"text":"the","start":8195.13,"end":8195.23},{"text":"existing","start":8195.23,"end":8195.69},{"text":"United","start":8195.69,"end":8196.07},{"text":"Nations","start":8196.07,"end":8196.45},{"text":"treaties","start":8196.45,"end":8196.81},{"text":"and","start":8197.412,"end":8197.476},{"text":"outer","start":8197.556,"end":8197.765},{"text":"space,","start":8197.797,"end":8198.165},{"text":"particularly","start":8198.774,"end":8199.223},{"text":"the","start":8199.319,"end":8199.399},{"text":"Outer","start":8199.399,"end":8199.656},{"text":"Space","start":8199.672,"end":8199.976},{"text":"Treaty","start":8199.976,"end":8200.232},{"text":"of","start":8200.232,"end":8200.297},{"text":"1967,","start":8200.297,"end":8201.146},{"text":"remain","start":8201.274,"end":8201.595},{"text":"the","start":8201.595,"end":8201.739},{"text":"cornerstone","start":8201.739,"end":8202.348},{"text":"of","start":8202.925,"end":8203.037},{"text":"the","start":8203.037,"end":8203.165},{"text":"global","start":8203.165,"end":8203.502},{"text":"space","start":8203.502,"end":8203.822},{"text":"governance","start":8203.822,"end":8204.319},{"text":"architecture.","start":8204.319,"end":8204.928}]},{"text":"However, we emphasize that their continued relevance depends on strengthened implementation, enhanced transparency, and improved compliance mechanisms that reflect contemporary space realities.","start":8205.809,"end":8219.093,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":8205.809,"end":8206.29},{"text":"we","start":8206.706,"end":8206.851},{"text":"emphasize","start":8206.851,"end":8207.476},{"text":"that","start":8208.533,"end":8208.71},{"text":"their","start":8208.71,"end":8208.838},{"text":"continued","start":8208.87,"end":8209.751},{"text":"relevance","start":8209.751,"end":8210.264},{"text":"depends","start":8210.264,"end":8210.681},{"text":"on","start":8210.713,"end":8210.809},{"text":"strengthened","start":8210.809,"end":8211.418},{"text":"implementation,","start":8211.418,"end":8212.203},{"text":"enhanced","start":8212.94,"end":8213.277},{"text":"transparency,","start":8213.277,"end":8213.966},{"text":"and","start":8214.559,"end":8214.623},{"text":"improved","start":8214.655,"end":8215.039},{"text":"compliance","start":8215.039,"end":8215.76},{"text":"mechanisms","start":8215.76,"end":8216.449},{"text":"that","start":8216.465,"end":8216.578},{"text":"reflect","start":8216.578,"end":8217.154},{"text":"contemporary","start":8217.507,"end":8218.1},{"text":"space","start":8218.1,"end":8218.452},{"text":"realities.","start":8218.565,"end":8219.093}]},{"text":"Through the National Space Research and Development Agency, NASDAQ, Nigeria continues to promote the peaceful application of space technologies in national development, disaster management, environmental monitoring, and space security-related civil applications, ensuring that space systems remain firmly oriented towards civilian and developmental purposes.","start":8220.472,"end":8243.84,"topics":[{"key":"space-development","label":"Space for Sustainable Development","description":"Numerous statements described how space technologies support climate resilience, disaster risk reduction, agriculture, environmental monitoring, water management, and other development goals. Speakers frequently connected these applications to the SDGs and the Space 2030 Agenda."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":8220.472,"end":8220.648},{"text":"the","start":8220.648,"end":8220.728},{"text":"National","start":8220.728,"end":8221.064},{"text":"Space","start":8221.064,"end":8221.433},{"text":"Research","start":8221.433,"end":8221.738},{"text":"and","start":8221.85,"end":8221.93},{"text":"Development","start":8221.93,"end":8222.411},{"text":"Agency,","start":8222.411,"end":8222.859},{"text":"NASDAQ,","start":8223.29,"end":8224.34},{"text":"Nigeria","start":8224.34,"end":8224.56},{"text":"continues","start":8224.56,"end":8224.98},{"text":"to","start":8224.98,"end":8225.14},{"text":"promote","start":8225.14,"end":8225.56},{"text":"the","start":8225.56,"end":8225.78},{"text":"peaceful","start":8225.78,"end":8226.1},{"text":"application","start":8226.1,"end":8226.66},{"text":"of","start":8226.66,"end":8226.88},{"text":"space","start":8226.88,"end":8227.2},{"text":"technologies","start":8227.2,"end":8228.139},{"text":"in","start":8228.139,"end":8228.52},{"text":"national","start":8228.52,"end":8228.86},{"text":"development,","start":8228.86,"end":8229.81},{"text":"disaster","start":8230.12,"end":8230.36},{"text":"management,","start":8230.36,"end":8231.86},{"text":"environmental","start":8231.86,"end":8232.14},{"text":"monitoring,","start":8232.14,"end":8233.739},{"text":"and","start":8233.739,"end":8233.86},{"text":"space","start":8233.86,"end":8234.2},{"text":"security-related","start":8234.2,"end":8235.3},{"text":"civil","start":8235.3,"end":8236.12},{"text":"applications,","start":8236.12,"end":8237.2},{"text":"ensuring","start":8237.2,"end":8237.92},{"text":"that","start":8237.92,"end":8238.239},{"text":"space","start":8238.239,"end":8238.52},{"text":"systems","start":8238.52,"end":8238.92},{"text":"remain","start":8238.92,"end":8239.26},{"text":"firmly","start":8239.26,"end":8239.7},{"text":"oriented","start":8239.7,"end":8240.3},{"text":"towards","start":8240.3,"end":8241.2},{"text":"civilian","start":8241.2,"end":8241.82},{"text":"and","start":8241.82,"end":8242.14},{"text":"developmental","start":8242.14,"end":8242.66},{"text":"purposes.","start":8242.66,"end":8243.84}]},{"text":"Through NASDAQ, Nigeria continues to deepen partnerships with national space agencies regional institutions, and UNOSA to promote capacity building and international technical cooperation.","start":8243.84,"end":8255.838,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":8243.84,"end":8244.2},{"text":"NASDAQ,","start":8244.2,"end":8245.12},{"text":"Nigeria","start":8245.12,"end":8245.56},{"text":"continues","start":8245.56,"end":8246.02},{"text":"to","start":8246.02,"end":8246.26},{"text":"deepen","start":8246.26,"end":8246.46},{"text":"partnerships","start":8246.46,"end":8247.12},{"text":"with","start":8247.12,"end":8247.4},{"text":"national","start":8247.4,"end":8247.84},{"text":"space","start":8247.84,"end":8248.22},{"text":"agencies","start":8248.22,"end":8248.72},{"text":"regional","start":8249.207,"end":8249.544},{"text":"institutions,","start":8249.544,"end":8250.154},{"text":"and","start":8250.748,"end":8250.909},{"text":"UNOSA","start":8250.909,"end":8251.455},{"text":"to","start":8251.872,"end":8252.033},{"text":"promote","start":8252.033,"end":8252.499},{"text":"capacity","start":8252.515,"end":8253.045},{"text":"building","start":8253.061,"end":8253.446},{"text":"and","start":8254.185,"end":8254.281},{"text":"international","start":8254.281,"end":8254.843},{"text":"technical","start":8254.843,"end":8255.308},{"text":"cooperation.","start":8255.308,"end":8255.838}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Nigeria believes that legal clarity combined with international technical cooperation and diplomatic engagement forms the strongest foundation for ensuring that outer space remains a global commons dedicated exclusively to peaceful purposes.","start":8256.609,"end":8272.393,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."},{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Nigeria","start":8256.609,"end":8257.075},{"text":"believes","start":8257.075,"end":8257.476},{"text":"that","start":8257.476,"end":8257.54},{"text":"legal","start":8257.637,"end":8258.022},{"text":"clarity","start":8258.054,"end":8258.584},{"text":"combined","start":8258.921,"end":8259.451},{"text":"with","start":8259.499,"end":8259.628},{"text":"international","start":8259.885,"end":8260.559},{"text":"technical","start":8261.025,"end":8261.506},{"text":"cooperation","start":8261.506,"end":8262.068},{"text":"and","start":8262.068,"end":8262.229},{"text":"diplomatic","start":8262.229,"end":8262.855},{"text":"engagement","start":8262.855,"end":8263.674},{"text":"forms","start":8264.059,"end":8264.397},{"text":"the","start":8264.397,"end":8264.429},{"text":"strongest","start":8264.477,"end":8265.039},{"text":"foundation","start":8265.039,"end":8265.569},{"text":"for","start":8266.227,"end":8266.388},{"text":"ensuring","start":8266.388,"end":8266.933},{"text":"that","start":8267.046,"end":8267.158},{"text":"outer","start":8267.351,"end":8267.528},{"text":"space","start":8267.544,"end":8267.913},{"text":"remains","start":8267.913,"end":8268.298},{"text":"a","start":8268.33,"end":8268.395},{"text":"global","start":8268.395,"end":8268.796},{"text":"commons","start":8268.796,"end":8269.246},{"text":"dedicated","start":8269.246,"end":8269.904},{"text":"exclusively","start":8269.952,"end":8270.948},{"text":"to","start":8271.397,"end":8271.494},{"text":"peaceful","start":8271.542,"end":8271.847},{"text":"purposes.","start":8271.943,"end":8272.393}]},{"text":"Mr. Chairman, Nigeria further calls for strengthened multilateral mechanisms with COPUS that promote inclusivity and capacity building for developing countries.","start":8273.292,"end":8284.708,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."}],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":8273.292,"end":8273.533},{"text":"Chairman,","start":8273.613,"end":8273.998},{"text":"Nigeria","start":8274.32,"end":8274.817},{"text":"further","start":8274.817,"end":8275.299},{"text":"calls","start":8275.299,"end":8275.588},{"text":"for","start":8275.7,"end":8275.877},{"text":"strengthened","start":8275.877,"end":8276.648},{"text":"multilateral","start":8276.664,"end":8277.258},{"text":"mechanisms","start":8277.964,"end":8278.655},{"text":"with","start":8279.329,"end":8279.442},{"text":"COPUS","start":8279.554,"end":8280.084},{"text":"that","start":8280.774,"end":8280.935},{"text":"promote","start":8280.935,"end":8281.4},{"text":"inclusivity","start":8281.4,"end":8282.187},{"text":"and","start":8282.444,"end":8282.54},{"text":"capacity","start":8282.54,"end":8283.022},{"text":"building","start":8283.022,"end":8283.391},{"text":"for","start":8283.424,"end":8283.745},{"text":"developing","start":8283.745,"end":8284.194},{"text":"countries.","start":8284.291,"end":8284.708}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"We therefore advocate for cooperative frameworks to improve knowledge sharing, technological development, and operational access, while reinforcing shared responsibility for the safety and sovereignty of outer space activities.","start":8285.591,"end":8300.572,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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thank you, Mr. Chairman.","start":8322.537,"end":8324.737,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8322.537,"end":8322.554},{"text":"thank","start":8322.602,"end":8322.859},{"text":"you,","start":8322.859,"end":8322.987},{"text":"Mr.","start":8323.003,"end":8323.196},{"text":"Chairman.","start":8323.244,"end":8324.737}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"NGA","affiliation_full":"Nigeria","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":51,"start":8325.635,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=8326","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank you, distinguished representative of Nigeria, for the 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South Africa reaffirms its unwavering commitment to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space.","start":8344.036,"end":8350.732,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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I would like now to give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation to take the floor before closing of this agenda item at this meeting— meaning at the end of this morning 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are reminded of the maximum of 2 interventions in the exercise of the right of reply on the same agenda item and at any given 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call on the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation for a fourth intervention to exercise its right of reply under this agenda 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this meeting before its closing.","start":8711.172,"end":8714.105,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8711.172,"end":8711.237},{"text":"this","start":8711.237,"end":8711.413},{"text":"meeting","start":8711.413,"end":8711.862},{"text":"before","start":8712.054,"end":8712.406},{"text":"its","start":8713.32,"end":8713.64},{"text":"closing.","start":8713.64,"end":8714.105}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":54,"start":8720.13,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=8721","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair, and good afternoon, colleagues.","start":8720.13,"end":8723.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8720.13,"end":8720.451},{"text":"you,","start":8720.451,"end":8720.707},{"text":"Chair,","start":8720.852,"end":8721.204},{"text":"and","start":8721.493,"end":8721.637},{"text":"good","start":8721.829,"end":8722.374},{"text":"afternoon,","start":8722.454,"end":8722.999},{"text":"colleagues.","start":8723.031,"end":8723.64}]},{"text":"We believed it was necessary to use our right of reply in order to provide comments with regard to the interventions of various delegations with regard to our draft resolution which they do not 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heard arguments that one of its shortcomings was that it does not recognize the dual use of space technologies.","start":8739.704,"end":8748.102,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8739.704,"end":8739.849},{"text":"heard","start":8739.849,"end":8740.298},{"text":"arguments","start":8740.732,"end":8741.39},{"text":"that","start":8741.39,"end":8741.711},{"text":"one","start":8741.856,"end":8741.984},{"text":"of","start":8742.097,"end":8742.241},{"text":"its","start":8742.337,"end":8742.482},{"text":"shortcomings","start":8742.594,"end":8743.365},{"text":"was","start":8743.477,"end":8743.766},{"text":"that","start":8743.879,"end":8744.12},{"text":"it","start":8744.184,"end":8744.28},{"text":"does","start":8744.842,"end":8744.971},{"text":"not","start":8744.987,"end":8745.195},{"text":"recognize","start":8745.244,"end":8745.854},{"text":"the","start":8745.982,"end":8746.191},{"text":"dual","start":8746.191,"end":8746.592},{"text":"use","start":8746.592,"end":8746.962},{"text":"of","start":8746.994,"end":8747.138},{"text":"space","start":8747.235,"end":8747.443},{"text":"technologies.","start":8747.492,"end":8748.102}]},{"text":"Of course, that is not the case.","start":8748.198,"end":8749.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Of","start":8748.198,"end":8748.246},{"text":"course,","start":8748.294,"end":8748.567},{"text":"that","start":8748.68,"end":8748.792},{"text":"is","start":8748.792,"end":8748.872},{"text":"not","start":8748.921,"end":8749.081},{"text":"the","start":8749.081,"end":8749.161},{"text":"case.","start":8749.161,"end":8749.45}]},{"text":"We fully recognize it, and we know that space technology has a dual use.","start":8751.024,"end":8760,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. Speakers noted both the developmental benefits of commercial systems and the regulatory, sovereignty, and security concerns created by their dual-use character."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8751.024,"end":8751.185},{"text":"fully","start":8751.185,"end":8751.474},{"text":"recognize","start":8751.506,"end":8752.116},{"text":"it,","start":8752.212,"end":8752.373},{"text":"and","start":8752.389,"end":8752.469},{"text":"we","start":8752.469,"end":8752.549},{"text":"know","start":8752.549,"end":8752.758},{"text":"that","start":8752.951,"end":8753.368},{"text":"space","start":8753.898,"end":8754.187},{"text":"technology","start":8754.3,"end":8754.797},{"text":"has","start":8757.591,"end":8757.896},{"text":"a","start":8759.229,"end":8759.245},{"text":"dual","start":8759.357,"end":8759.678},{"text":"use.","start":8759.678,"end":8760}]},{"text":"The problem is that civilian commercial satellite navigation services and remote sensing of Earth should not be used for military purposes, especially not in the interests of third countries.","start":8760.096,"end":8781.434,"topics":[{"key":"commercial-dual-use","label":"Commercial Space and Dual-Use Systems","description":"The rapid expansion of commercial operators, mega-constellations, and private space services was a prominent issue. 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Speakers also raised concerns about militarization, weapons in space, dual-use systems, and the risk of conflict spilling into the space domain."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":8781.547,"end":8781.707},{"text":"information","start":8781.707,"end":8782.318},{"text":"should","start":8782.35,"end":8782.511},{"text":"not","start":8782.511,"end":8782.816},{"text":"be","start":8782.816,"end":8782.896},{"text":"used","start":8782.977,"end":8783.603},{"text":"during","start":8786.672,"end":8786.897},{"text":"conflict","start":8786.93,"end":8787.524},{"text":"periods.","start":8787.38,"end":8787.861}]},{"text":"Otherwise, a situation might arise when the two— the sides might use measures with regard to such satellites, and nobody wants that.","start":8789.017,"end":8802.762,"topics":[{"key":"peaceful-use-security","label":"Peaceful Use and Space Security","description":"Many delegations stressed that outer space must remain a peaceful domain governed by the Outer Space Treaty, the UN Charter, and international law. 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Federation.","start":8935.584,"end":8939.894,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8935.584,"end":8935.84},{"text":"you","start":8935.84,"end":8936.081},{"text":"to","start":8936.081,"end":8936.321},{"text":"the","start":8936.321,"end":8936.561},{"text":"distinguished","start":8936.786,"end":8937.523},{"text":"representative","start":8937.523,"end":8938.42},{"text":"of","start":8938.484,"end":8938.612},{"text":"the","start":8938.628,"end":8938.66},{"text":"Russian","start":8938.66,"end":8939.189},{"text":"Federation.","start":8939.189,"end":8939.894}]},{"text":"The exercise of right of reply has been also requested by 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you, Mr. Chair.","start":8965.31,"end":8966.063,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":8965.31,"end":8965.486},{"text":"you,","start":8965.486,"end":8965.55},{"text":"Mr.","start":8965.566,"end":8965.822},{"text":"Chair.","start":8965.871,"end":8966.063}]},{"text":"My delegation would like to exercise its Right of reply.","start":8967.072,"end":8970.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":8967.072,"end":8967.104},{"text":"delegation","start":8967.169,"end":8967.617},{"text":"would","start":8967.617,"end":8967.81},{"text":"like","start":8967.81,"end":8967.986},{"text":"to","start":8967.986,"end":8968.05},{"text":"exercise","start":8968.05,"end":8968.579},{"text":"its","start":8968.771,"end":8968.979},{"text":"Right","start":8969.16,"end":8969.38},{"text":"of","start":8969.38,"end":8969.6},{"text":"reply.","start":8969.6,"end":8970.15}]},{"text":"We have listened carefully to the intervention made by the Russian Federation, and let us recall a simple fact: the Russian 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":9413.614,"end":9413.711},{"text":"plans","start":9413.759,"end":9414.144},{"text":"and","start":9414.401,"end":9414.497},{"text":"activities","start":9414.497,"end":9415.108},{"text":"in","start":9415.3,"end":9415.348},{"text":"and","start":9415.927,"end":9416.264},{"text":"around","start":9416.264,"end":9416.585},{"text":"the","start":9416.585,"end":9416.665},{"text":"moon","start":9416.665,"end":9416.954},{"text":"continue","start":9417.067,"end":9417.548},{"text":"to","start":9417.548,"end":9417.677},{"text":"increase","start":9417.693,"end":9418.271},{"text":"at","start":9418.351,"end":9418.431},{"text":"a","start":9418.431,"end":9418.512},{"text":"rapid","start":9418.512,"end":9418.961},{"text":"pace,","start":9418.993,"end":9419.282},{"text":"there","start":9420.422,"end":9420.551},{"text":"is","start":9420.583,"end":9420.743},{"text":"a","start":9420.743,"end":9420.76},{"text":"pressing","start":9420.84,"end":9421.241},{"text":"need","start":9421.241,"end":9421.53},{"text":"for","start":9421.562,"end":9421.723},{"text":"flexible","start":9421.723,"end":9422.397},{"text":"and","start":9422.751,"end":9423.088},{"text":"adaptable","start":9423.168,"end":9423.875},{"text":"coordination","start":9423.955,"end":9424.629},{"text":"mechanisms.","start":9424.629,"end":9425.304}]},{"text":"In this regard, the Outer Space Institute believes that the concept of notices to lunar missions, or NLMs, could fruitfully fully enhance discussions in this committee as well as in other multilateral fora.","start":9426.46,"end":9441.58,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. 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Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9426.46,"end":9426.508},{"text":"this","start":9426.604,"end":9426.668},{"text":"regard,","start":9426.765,"end":9427.343},{"text":"the","start":9428.065,"end":9428.194},{"text":"Outer","start":9428.29,"end":9428.402},{"text":"Space","start":9428.402,"end":9428.659},{"text":"Institute","start":9428.772,"end":9429.27},{"text":"believes","start":9429.27,"end":9429.655},{"text":"that","start":9429.655,"end":9429.783},{"text":"the","start":9429.896,"end":9429.944},{"text":"concept","start":9430.394,"end":9431.02},{"text":"of","start":9431.02,"end":9431.1},{"text":"notices","start":9431.293,"end":9431.887},{"text":"to","start":9432.16,"end":9432.401},{"text":"lunar","start":9432.401,"end":9432.641},{"text":"missions,","start":9432.657,"end":9433.252},{"text":"or","start":9433.83,"end":9434.087},{"text":"NLMs,","start":9434.087,"end":9434.6},{"text":"could","start":9434.809,"end":9435.21},{"text":"fruitfully","start":9435.21,"end":9435.5},{"text":"fully","start":9435.6,"end":9435.78},{"text":"enhance","start":9435.78,"end":9436.32},{"text":"discussions","start":9436.32,"end":9437.12},{"text":"in","start":9437.12,"end":9437.8},{"text":"this","start":9437.8,"end":9438.04},{"text":"committee","start":9438.04,"end":9438.44},{"text":"as","start":9438.44,"end":9438.82},{"text":"well","start":9438.82,"end":9439.22},{"text":"as","start":9439.22,"end":9439.619},{"text":"in","start":9439.619,"end":9439.699},{"text":"other","start":9439.699,"end":9439.96},{"text":"multilateral","start":9439.96,"end":9440.58},{"text":"fora.","start":9440.58,"end":9441.58}]},{"text":"Accordingly, we like to make three— the following three key points.","start":9442.119,"end":9446.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Accordingly,","start":9442.119,"end":9443.3},{"text":"we","start":9443.3,"end":9443.3},{"text":"like","start":9443.3,"end":9443.58},{"text":"to","start":9443.58,"end":9443.66},{"text":"make","start":9443.66,"end":9443.959},{"text":"three—","start":9443.959,"end":9444.66},{"text":"the","start":9444.66,"end":9444.7},{"text":"following","start":9444.7,"end":9445.12},{"text":"three","start":9445.12,"end":9445.66},{"text":"key","start":9445.66,"end":9445.92},{"text":"points.","start":9445.92,"end":9446.67}]},{"text":"Number one, as has been recently recorded, the concept of safety zones has the potential to be divisive, especially in relation to the Outer Space Treaty's prohibition of national appropriation of the moon and other celestial bodies, as well as with respect to logistical criteria.","start":9447.42,"end":9467.96,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."}],"words":[{"text":"Number","start":9447.42,"end":9447.54},{"text":"one,","start":9447.54,"end":9448.84},{"text":"as","start":9448.84,"end":9449.1},{"text":"has","start":9449.1,"end":9449.379},{"text":"been","start":9449.379,"end":9449.7},{"text":"recently","start":9449.7,"end":9450.1},{"text":"recorded,","start":9450.1,"end":9450.9},{"text":"the","start":9451.04,"end":9451.04},{"text":"concept","start":9451.04,"end":9451.56},{"text":"of","start":9451.56,"end":9451.98},{"text":"safety","start":9451.98,"end":9452.38},{"text":"zones","start":9452.38,"end":9452.88},{"text":"has","start":9452.88,"end":9453.16},{"text":"the","start":9453.16,"end":9453.3},{"text":"potential","start":9453.3,"end":9453.78},{"text":"to","start":9453.78,"end":9454.02},{"text":"be","start":9454.02,"end":9454.14},{"text":"divisive,","start":9454.14,"end":9455.14},{"text":"especially","start":9455.52,"end":9456.08},{"text":"in","start":9456.08,"end":9456.38},{"text":"relation","start":9456.38,"end":9456.86},{"text":"to","start":9456.86,"end":9457.14},{"text":"the","start":9457.14,"end":9457.28},{"text":"Outer","start":9457.28,"end":9457.54},{"text":"Space","start":9457.54,"end":9457.82},{"text":"Treaty's","start":9457.82,"end":9458.52},{"text":"prohibition","start":9458.52,"end":9459.3},{"text":"of","start":9459.3,"end":9459.84},{"text":"national","start":9459.84,"end":9460.3},{"text":"appropriation","start":9460.3,"end":9461.2},{"text":"of","start":9461.22,"end":9461.4},{"text":"the","start":9461.4,"end":9461.56},{"text":"moon","start":9461.56,"end":9461.919},{"text":"and","start":9461.919,"end":9462.68},{"text":"other","start":9462.68,"end":9463.08},{"text":"celestial","start":9463.08,"end":9463.58},{"text":"bodies,","start":9463.58,"end":9464.58},{"text":"as","start":9465,"end":9465.02},{"text":"well","start":9465.02,"end":9465.239},{"text":"as","start":9465.239,"end":9465.559},{"text":"with","start":9465.559,"end":9465.559},{"text":"respect","start":9465.559,"end":9466.14},{"text":"to","start":9466.14,"end":9466.399},{"text":"logistical","start":9466.399,"end":9467.16},{"text":"criteria.","start":9467.16,"end":9467.96}]},{"text":"Two, given the Outer Space Treaty's obligation for state parties to act with due regard to the corresponding interests of other states parties, the Outer Space Institute believes that notices to lunar missions could offer a way for states to conform to —this obligation with respect to the exploration and use of lunar orbits and the lunar surface.","start":9469.579,"end":9492.929,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."}],"words":[{"text":"Two,","start":9469.579,"end":9470.56},{"text":"given","start":9470.56,"end":9470.66},{"text":"the","start":9470.66,"end":9470.919},{"text":"Outer","start":9470.919,"end":9471.079},{"text":"Space","start":9471.079,"end":9471.339},{"text":"Treaty's","start":9471.339,"end":9471.82},{"text":"obligation","start":9471.82,"end":9472.44},{"text":"for","start":9472.44,"end":9473.14},{"text":"state","start":9473.14,"end":9473.4},{"text":"parties","start":9473.4,"end":9473.839},{"text":"to","start":9473.839,"end":9474.1},{"text":"act","start":9474.1,"end":9474.339},{"text":"with","start":9474.339,"end":9474.6},{"text":"due","start":9474.6,"end":9475.02},{"text":"regard","start":9475.02,"end":9475.56},{"text":"to","start":9475.56,"end":9475.96},{"text":"the","start":9475.96,"end":9475.98},{"text":"corresponding","start":9475.98,"end":9476.62},{"text":"interests","start":9476.62,"end":9477.34},{"text":"of","start":9477.34,"end":9477.6},{"text":"other","start":9477.6,"end":9477.84},{"text":"states","start":9477.84,"end":9478.18},{"text":"parties,","start":9478.18,"end":9479.18},{"text":"the","start":9479.7,"end":9479.76},{"text":"Outer","start":9479.76,"end":9480.04},{"text":"Space","start":9480.04,"end":9480.38},{"text":"Institute","start":9480.38,"end":9481.04},{"text":"believes","start":9481.04,"end":9481.54},{"text":"that","start":9481.54,"end":9481.8},{"text":"notices","start":9481.8,"end":9482.26},{"text":"to","start":9482.26,"end":9482.52},{"text":"lunar","start":9482.52,"end":9482.76},{"text":"missions","start":9482.76,"end":9483.16},{"text":"could","start":9483.16,"end":9483.54},{"text":"offer","start":9483.54,"end":9484.08},{"text":"a","start":9484.08,"end":9484.54},{"text":"way","start":9484.54,"end":9484.74},{"text":"for","start":9484.74,"end":9485},{"text":"states","start":9485,"end":9485.34},{"text":"to","start":9485.34,"end":9485.6},{"text":"conform","start":9485.6,"end":9486.22},{"text":"to","start":9486.22,"end":9486.72},{"text":"—this","start":9486.75,"end":9486.93},{"text":"obligation","start":9486.93,"end":9487.99},{"text":"with","start":9487.99,"end":9488.27},{"text":"respect","start":9488.27,"end":9488.77},{"text":"to","start":9488.77,"end":9489.07},{"text":"the","start":9489.07,"end":9489.07},{"text":"exploration","start":9489.07,"end":9489.75},{"text":"and","start":9489.75,"end":9490.09},{"text":"use","start":9490.09,"end":9490.41},{"text":"of","start":9490.41,"end":9490.69},{"text":"lunar","start":9490.69,"end":9490.87},{"text":"orbits","start":9490.87,"end":9491.349},{"text":"and","start":9491.349,"end":9491.73},{"text":"the","start":9491.73,"end":9491.809},{"text":"lunar","start":9491.809,"end":9492.129},{"text":"surface.","start":9492.129,"end":9492.929}]},{"text":"3, notices to lunar missions could build on the long experience associated with notices to air missions, or NOTAMs, that are a germane terrestrial example of time-limited safety measures that can be used in areas beyond national jurisdiction are based on the principle of due regard and seek to mediate between potentially conflicting activities.","start":9494.089,"end":9520.455,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."}],"words":[{"text":"3,","start":9494.089,"end":9495.609},{"text":"notices","start":9495.609,"end":9495.609},{"text":"to","start":9495.609,"end":9495.89},{"text":"lunar","start":9495.89,"end":9496.19},{"text":"missions","start":9496.19,"end":9496.609},{"text":"could","start":9496.609,"end":9497.15},{"text":"build","start":9497.15,"end":9497.49},{"text":"on","start":9497.49,"end":9497.81},{"text":"the","start":9497.81,"end":9497.97},{"text":"long","start":9497.97,"end":9498.25},{"text":"experience","start":9498.25,"end":9499.09},{"text":"associated","start":9499.09,"end":9499.89},{"text":"with","start":9499.89,"end":9500.35},{"text":"notices","start":9500.35,"end":9500.85},{"text":"to","start":9500.85,"end":9501.21},{"text":"air","start":9501.21,"end":9501.449},{"text":"missions,","start":9501.449,"end":9502.01},{"text":"or","start":9502.01,"end":9502.029},{"text":"NOTAMs,","start":9502.029,"end":9503.39},{"text":"that","start":9503.39,"end":9503.63},{"text":"are","start":9503.63,"end":9503.93},{"text":"a","start":9503.93,"end":9504.13},{"text":"germane","start":9504.13,"end":9505.01},{"text":"terrestrial","start":9505.01,"end":9505.77},{"text":"example","start":9505.77,"end":9506.39},{"text":"of","start":9506.39,"end":9506.81},{"text":"time-limited","start":9506.81,"end":9507.51},{"text":"safety","start":9507.51,"end":9507.99},{"text":"measures","start":9507.99,"end":9508.65},{"text":"that","start":9508.65,"end":9509.21},{"text":"can","start":9509.21,"end":9509.47},{"text":"be","start":9509.47,"end":9509.69},{"text":"used","start":9509.69,"end":9510.01},{"text":"in","start":9510.01,"end":9510.31},{"text":"areas","start":9510.31,"end":9510.77},{"text":"beyond","start":9510.77,"end":9511.45},{"text":"national","start":9511.45,"end":9512.15},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":9512.18,"end":9512.903},{"text":"are","start":9513.497,"end":9513.577},{"text":"based","start":9513.577,"end":9513.963},{"text":"on","start":9513.963,"end":9514.043},{"text":"the","start":9514.043,"end":9514.14},{"text":"principle","start":9514.14,"end":9514.783},{"text":"of","start":9514.783,"end":9514.911},{"text":"due","start":9514.943,"end":9515.168},{"text":"regard","start":9515.168,"end":9515.795},{"text":"and","start":9516.454,"end":9516.566},{"text":"seek","start":9516.566,"end":9517.016},{"text":"to","start":9517.096,"end":9517.209},{"text":"mediate","start":9517.257,"end":9517.9},{"text":"between","start":9517.9,"end":9518.221},{"text":"potentially","start":9518.318,"end":9518.928},{"text":"conflicting","start":9519.105,"end":9519.732},{"text":"activities.","start":9519.844,"end":9520.455}]},{"text":"Mr. Chair, based on the above, the Outer Space Institute believes that notices to lunar missions could have the potential to alleviate some particularly sensitive and vexatious conundrums in relation to future lunar activities.","start":9521.37,"end":9536.523,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based 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addition, It is important to note that the authority to submit, amend, or cancel NOTAMs remains with states unless that authority has been explicitly delegated or transferred, and a similar approach could be taken with notices to lunar missions.","start":9537.519,"end":9554.122,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9537.519,"end":9537.567},{"text":"addition,","start":9537.615,"end":9538.049},{"text":"It","start":9538.419,"end":9538.483},{"text":"is","start":9538.483,"end":9538.531},{"text":"important","start":9538.627,"end":9539.077},{"text":"to","start":9539.109,"end":9539.141},{"text":"note","start":9539.141,"end":9539.526},{"text":"that","start":9539.526,"end":9539.751},{"text":"the","start":9539.751,"end":9539.848},{"text":"authority","start":9539.848,"end":9540.49},{"text":"to","start":9540.554,"end":9540.699},{"text":"submit,","start":9540.715,"end":9541.196},{"text":"amend,","start":9541.855,"end":9542.385},{"text":"or","start":9542.561,"end":9542.738},{"text":"cancel","start":9542.738,"end":9543.332},{"text":"NOTAMs","start":9543.38,"end":9543.91},{"text":"remains","start":9544.648,"end":9545.034},{"text":"with","start":9545.066,"end":9545.194},{"text":"states","start":9545.227,"end":9545.821},{"text":"unless","start":9546.27,"end":9546.591},{"text":"that","start":9546.591,"end":9546.816},{"text":"authority","start":9546.816,"end":9547.282},{"text":"has","start":9547.378,"end":9547.442},{"text":"been","start":9547.555,"end":9547.683},{"text":"explicitly","start":9547.731,"end":9548.325},{"text":"delegated","start":9548.358,"end":9549.064},{"text":"or","start":9549.064,"end":9549.16},{"text":"transferred,","start":9549.16,"end":9549.931},{"text":"and","start":9550.284,"end":9550.445},{"text":"a","start":9550.445,"end":9550.461},{"text":"similar","start":9550.461,"end":9550.911},{"text":"approach","start":9550.911,"end":9551.456},{"text":"could","start":9551.81,"end":9552.035},{"text":"be","start":9552.035,"end":9552.131},{"text":"taken","start":9552.131,"end":9552.548},{"text":"with","start":9552.693,"end":9552.869},{"text":"notices","start":9552.869,"end":9553.303},{"text":"to","start":9553.415,"end":9553.56},{"text":"lunar","start":9553.56,"end":9553.753},{"text":"missions.","start":9553.753,"end":9554.122}]},{"text":"While we are cognizant of several valuable approaches currently being considered in order to address many of the current reflections associated with both the safety and due regard issues in relation to lunar exploration.","start":9555.744,"end":9569.119,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"While","start":9555.744,"end":9555.984},{"text":"we","start":9555.984,"end":9556.081},{"text":"are","start":9556.145,"end":9556.338},{"text":"cognizant","start":9556.386,"end":9557.124},{"text":"of","start":9557.189,"end":9557.317},{"text":"several","start":9557.494,"end":9557.911},{"text":"valuable","start":9557.911,"end":9558.489},{"text":"approaches","start":9558.489,"end":9559.083},{"text":"currently","start":9559.196,"end":9559.565},{"text":"being","start":9559.661,"end":9559.854},{"text":"considered","start":9559.918,"end":9560.545},{"text":"in","start":9560.545,"end":9560.625},{"text":"order","start":9560.785,"end":9560.978},{"text":"to","start":9560.978,"end":9561.203},{"text":"address","start":9561.203,"end":9561.636},{"text":"many","start":9561.668,"end":9561.941},{"text":"of","start":9561.941,"end":9562.006},{"text":"the","start":9562.006,"end":9562.166},{"text":"current","start":9562.166,"end":9562.552},{"text":"reflections","start":9562.552,"end":9563.306},{"text":"associated","start":9563.708,"end":9564.462},{"text":"with","start":9564.494,"end":9564.623},{"text":"both","start":9564.655,"end":9564.864},{"text":"the","start":9564.896,"end":9564.976},{"text":"safety","start":9564.976,"end":9565.506},{"text":"and","start":9565.683,"end":9565.811},{"text":"due","start":9565.843,"end":9566.02},{"text":"regard","start":9566.02,"end":9566.485},{"text":"issues","start":9566.485,"end":9566.871},{"text":"in","start":9567.304,"end":9567.353},{"text":"relation","start":9567.449,"end":9567.882},{"text":"to","start":9567.947,"end":9568.043},{"text":"lunar","start":9568.123,"end":9568.364},{"text":"exploration.","start":9568.364,"end":9569.119}]},{"text":"The Outer Space Institute would like to respectfully suggest that COPUOS member states consider whether a system such as notices to lunar missions be explored further as complementary to other approaches.","start":9570.018,"end":9582.927,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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the Outer Space Institute has provided a more detailed examination of this concept Conference Room Paper Number 19, and we invite interested parties to reach out to the OSI should they wish to discuss this suggestion 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addition, the full text of statements delivered by the delegations during the session and voluntarily submitted for publication has been issued as the document A/AC.105/1349 in the original languages of statements without editing, thereby preserving the integrity of each 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delegates, allow me to provide a short overview of the work of the subcommittee at its 6th session across several issues that are critical to advancing safe and sustainable outer space and inducing space science and technologies and their 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this context, I would like to highlight the important work conducted by the working groups of the subcommittee, namely the Working Group of the Whole with Mr. Pakash Chauhan of India as its chair, the Working Group on the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space Activities led by Mr. Leopold Sommerer of Austria as its chair,; the Working Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities, with Mr. Umama H. 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UN group as a whole began its consideration of measures addressing the liquidity crisis and improving the organization and work of the Committee and 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Working Group agreed to hold an inter-sessional open-end consultation to advance its work on these important issues affecting how the Committee and both its subcommittees organize their work starting from next 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were also invited to to identify priority topics for future consideration.","start":10086.52,"end":10092.104,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Delegations","start":10086.52,"end":10087.02},{"text":"were","start":10087.02,"end":10087.7},{"text":"also","start":10087.7,"end":10088.04},{"text":"invited","start":10088.04,"end":10088.44},{"text":"to","start":10088.44,"end":10088.62},{"text":"to","start":10088.54,"end":10088.62},{"text":"identify","start":10088.812,"end":10089.278},{"text":"priority","start":10089.278,"end":10089.696},{"text":"topics","start":10089.696,"end":10090.209},{"text":"for","start":10090.723,"end":10090.9},{"text":"future","start":10090.9,"end":10091.365},{"text":"consideration.","start":10091.365,"end":10092.104}]},{"text":"During this session of the Committee, it is important to reach agreement on the set of measures to be presented by this Working Group to mitigate impact of the liquidity crisis on the work of the Committee and subcommittees next and subsequent years 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Durban Group on the Long-Term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities finalized and adopted a comprehensive report as output under the 2022-2026 work plan and presented the report to the 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its endorsement, Durban Group's extensive work has already been conducted to develop a new work 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work group made rapid progress in its work, holding inter— holding inter— sessional meetings shortly after establishment of— at the last session of the 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collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency, it prepared for a joint workshop held on June 9th, 2026, on the technologies for deep space missions and human and robotic exploration of the Moon, Mars, and 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the Action Team on Lunar Activities Consultation at LAC also met, also met during the 63rd session of the subcommittee, focusing on the identifying scientific and technical opportunities and challenges encountered and anticipated in the past ongoing and planned lunar 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subcommittee was informed of the progress of work of the international bodies whose establishment was facilitated by the subcommittee, namely International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite System , the Space Mission Planning Advisory Group , and the International Asteroid Warning Network and the Space and Global Health 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a symposium organized by the Office for Outer Space Affairs was held on February 10th.","start":10327.966,"end":10334.891,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Furthermore,","start":10327.966,"end":10328.559},{"text":"a","start":10329.265,"end":10329.281},{"text":"symposium","start":10329.281,"end":10329.745},{"text":"organized","start":10329.745,"end":10330.146},{"text":"by","start":10330.146,"end":10330.226},{"text":"the","start":10330.226,"end":10330.323},{"text":"Office","start":10330.387,"end":10330.707},{"text":"for","start":10330.868,"end":10331.3},{"text":"Outer","start":10331.413,"end":10331.589},{"text":"Space","start":10331.589,"end":10331.99},{"text":"Affairs","start":10332.054,"end":10332.358},{"text":"was","start":10332.935,"end":10333.08},{"text":"held","start":10333.128,"end":10333.32},{"text":"on","start":10333.416,"end":10333.657},{"text":"February","start":10333.657,"end":10334.122},{"text":"10th.","start":10334.634,"end":10334.891}]},{"text":"In accordance with the previous agreements of both subcommittee and the committee, due to the liquidity crisis and decision taken by the subcommittee, this symposium was held outside the session.","start":10336.815,"end":10349.141,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10336.815,"end":10336.959},{"text":"accordance","start":10336.959,"end":10337.424},{"text":"with","start":10337.424,"end":10337.504},{"text":"the","start":10337.504,"end":10337.664},{"text":"previous","start":10337.664,"end":10337.969},{"text":"agreements","start":10338.017,"end":10338.658},{"text":"of","start":10338.946,"end":10339.027},{"text":"both","start":10339.187,"end":10339.331},{"text":"subcommittee","start":10339.604,"end":10340.149},{"text":"and","start":10340.229,"end":10340.389},{"text":"the","start":10340.389,"end":10340.549},{"text":"committee,","start":10340.549,"end":10340.934},{"text":"due","start":10342.81,"end":10342.97},{"text":"to","start":10342.97,"end":10343.066},{"text":"the","start":10343.13,"end":10343.274},{"text":"liquidity","start":10343.274,"end":10343.675},{"text":"crisis","start":10343.675,"end":10344.188},{"text":"and","start":10344.717,"end":10344.813},{"text":"decision","start":10344.813,"end":10345.15},{"text":"taken","start":10345.278,"end":10345.551},{"text":"by","start":10345.615,"end":10345.695},{"text":"the","start":10345.855,"end":10345.935},{"text":"subcommittee,","start":10345.935,"end":10346.528},{"text":"this","start":10347.218,"end":10347.378},{"text":"symposium","start":10347.378,"end":10347.923},{"text":"was","start":10347.923,"end":10348.099},{"text":"held","start":10348.099,"end":10348.34},{"text":"outside","start":10348.34,"end":10348.644},{"text":"the","start":10348.644,"end":10348.724},{"text":"session.","start":10348.724,"end":10349.141}]},{"text":"However, the symposium featured rich and diverse content and fostered interactive and inclusive discussions.","start":10350.7,"end":10360.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":10350.7,"end":10351.95},{"text":"the","start":10351.95,"end":10352.07},{"text":"symposium","start":10352.07,"end":10352.37},{"text":"featured","start":10352.37,"end":10352.81},{"text":"rich","start":10352.81,"end":10353.389},{"text":"and","start":10353.389,"end":10353.669},{"text":"diverse","start":10353.669,"end":10354.07},{"text":"content","start":10354.07,"end":10354.889},{"text":"and","start":10354.889,"end":10355.23},{"text":"fostered","start":10355.23,"end":10356.31},{"text":"interactive","start":10356.31,"end":10357.03},{"text":"and","start":10357.03,"end":10357.51},{"text":"inclusive","start":10357.51,"end":10358.31},{"text":"discussions.","start":10358.31,"end":10360.31}]},{"text":"Focusing on two timely and important themes—long-term sustainability of outer space activities and space solutions for sustainable development—it provided a valuable platform for exchange of views and expertise on these permanent matters.","start":10361.01,"end":10382.289,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Focusing","start":10361.01,"end":10361.31},{"text":"on","start":10361.31,"end":10362.43},{"text":"two","start":10362.43,"end":10362.67},{"text":"timely","start":10362.67,"end":10363.17},{"text":"and","start":10363.17,"end":10363.37},{"text":"important","start":10363.37,"end":10363.89},{"text":"themes—long-term","start":10363.89,"end":10365.14},{"text":"sustainability","start":10366.15,"end":10366.69},{"text":"of","start":10366.69,"end":10367.31},{"text":"outer","start":10367.31,"end":10367.57},{"text":"space","start":10367.57,"end":10367.91},{"text":"activities","start":10367.91,"end":10368.39},{"text":"and","start":10368.39,"end":10369.21},{"text":"space","start":10369.21,"end":10369.63},{"text":"solutions","start":10369.63,"end":10370.31},{"text":"for","start":10370.31,"end":10370.79},{"text":"sustainable","start":10370.79,"end":10371.57},{"text":"development—it","start":10371.57,"end":10374.19},{"text":"provided","start":10374.19,"end":10374.49},{"text":"a","start":10374.49,"end":10374.79},{"text":"valuable","start":10374.79,"end":10374.93},{"text":"platform","start":10374.93,"end":10375.71},{"text":"for","start":10375.77,"end":10376.05},{"text":"exchange","start":10376.05,"end":10376.469},{"text":"of","start":10376.469,"end":10376.81},{"text":"views","start":10376.81,"end":10377.47},{"text":"and","start":10377.47,"end":10377.85},{"text":"expertise","start":10377.85,"end":10379.09},{"text":"on","start":10379.09,"end":10380.19},{"text":"these","start":10380.19,"end":10380.609},{"text":"permanent","start":10380.609,"end":10381.09},{"text":"matters.","start":10381.09,"end":10382.289}]},{"text":"Distinguished delegates, allow me now to draw the Committee's attention to several important and recurring recommendations for the subcommittee that require Committee endorsement to ensure continuity of the subcommittee's work.","start":10383.569,"end":10399.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":10383.569,"end":10384.129},{"text":"delegates,","start":10384.129,"end":10386.59},{"text":"allow","start":10386.59,"end":10386.69},{"text":"me","start":10386.69,"end":10386.91},{"text":"now","start":10386.91,"end":10387.27},{"text":"to","start":10387.27,"end":10387.35},{"text":"draw","start":10387.35,"end":10387.75},{"text":"the","start":10387.75,"end":10388.35},{"text":"Committee's","start":10388.35,"end":10388.45},{"text":"attention","start":10388.45,"end":10388.93},{"text":"to","start":10388.93,"end":10389.59},{"text":"several","start":10389.59,"end":10389.87},{"text":"important","start":10389.87,"end":10390.77},{"text":"and","start":10390.83,"end":10391.33},{"text":"recurring","start":10391.33,"end":10391.99},{"text":"recommendations","start":10391.99,"end":10392.93},{"text":"for","start":10392.93,"end":10393.51},{"text":"the","start":10393.51,"end":10393.75},{"text":"subcommittee","start":10393.75,"end":10394.13},{"text":"that","start":10394.13,"end":10394.61},{"text":"require","start":10394.61,"end":10394.99},{"text":"Committee","start":10394.99,"end":10395.35},{"text":"endorsement","start":10395.35,"end":10396.15},{"text":"to","start":10396.15,"end":10396.91},{"text":"ensure","start":10396.91,"end":10397.29},{"text":"continuity","start":10397.29,"end":10397.87},{"text":"of","start":10397.87,"end":10398.23},{"text":"the","start":10398.23,"end":10398.51},{"text":"subcommittee's","start":10398.51,"end":10399.03},{"text":"work.","start":10399.03,"end":10399.67}]},{"text":"Under the agenda item General Exchange of Views and Introduction of Report Submitted on the National Activities, the subcommittee recommended that the Secretary continue to invite member states to submit annual reports on their national space activities.","start":10401.954,"end":10419.904,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":10401.954,"end":10402.211},{"text":"the","start":10402.211,"end":10402.436},{"text":"agenda","start":10402.436,"end":10402.677},{"text":"item","start":10402.757,"end":10403.11},{"text":"General","start":10403.784,"end":10404.106},{"text":"Exchange","start":10404.106,"end":10404.379},{"text":"of","start":10404.443,"end":10404.571},{"text":"Views","start":10404.587,"end":10404.812},{"text":"and","start":10405.551,"end":10405.695},{"text":"Introduction","start":10405.904,"end":10406.418},{"text":"of","start":10406.546,"end":10406.658},{"text":"Report","start":10406.707,"end":10407.349},{"text":"Submitted","start":10407.429,"end":10408.007},{"text":"on","start":10408.296,"end":10408.392},{"text":"the","start":10408.392,"end":10408.633},{"text":"National","start":10408.697,"end":10409.019},{"text":"Activities,","start":10409.019,"end":10409.468},{"text":"the","start":10410.528,"end":10410.624},{"text":"subcommittee","start":10410.624,"end":10411.106},{"text":"recommended","start":10411.106,"end":10411.716},{"text":"that","start":10412.133,"end":10412.406},{"text":"the","start":10412.615,"end":10412.711},{"text":"Secretary","start":10412.711,"end":10413.161},{"text":"continue","start":10413.273,"end":10413.675},{"text":"to","start":10413.675,"end":10413.787},{"text":"invite","start":10413.916,"end":10414.349},{"text":"member","start":10414.477,"end":10414.895},{"text":"states","start":10414.895,"end":10415.553},{"text":"to","start":10415.842,"end":10415.939},{"text":"submit","start":10415.987,"end":10416.5},{"text":"annual","start":10416.565,"end":10416.757},{"text":"reports","start":10416.806,"end":10417.448},{"text":"on","start":10418.315,"end":10418.379},{"text":"their","start":10418.395,"end":10418.572},{"text":"national","start":10418.572,"end":10418.973},{"text":"space","start":10418.973,"end":10419.374},{"text":"activities.","start":10419.374,"end":10419.904}]},{"text":"This report remains a cornerstone of the information sharing on the national space activities.","start":10421.221,"end":10427.049,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10421.221,"end":10421.397},{"text":"report","start":10421.397,"end":10421.783},{"text":"remains","start":10421.783,"end":10422.313},{"text":"a","start":10422.81,"end":10422.826},{"text":"cornerstone","start":10422.891,"end":10423.613},{"text":"of","start":10423.613,"end":10423.709},{"text":"the","start":10423.709,"end":10423.79},{"text":"information","start":10423.95,"end":10424.576},{"text":"sharing","start":10424.576,"end":10424.962},{"text":"on","start":10425.7,"end":10425.748},{"text":"the","start":10425.797,"end":10425.973},{"text":"national","start":10425.973,"end":10426.23},{"text":"space","start":10426.23,"end":10426.664},{"text":"activities.","start":10426.664,"end":10427.049}]},{"text":"Fostering transparency, enhancing mutual understanding, and supporting informed discussion within subcommittee.","start":10428.108,"end":10435.439,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fostering","start":10428.108,"end":10428.493},{"text":"transparency,","start":10428.605,"end":10429.375},{"text":"enhancing","start":10429.985,"end":10430.45},{"text":"mutual","start":10430.45,"end":10430.947},{"text":"understanding,","start":10431.156,"end":10431.782},{"text":"and","start":10432.038,"end":10432.183},{"text":"supporting","start":10432.215,"end":10432.744},{"text":"informed","start":10433.017,"end":10433.466},{"text":"discussion","start":10433.578,"end":10434.06},{"text":"within","start":10434.06,"end":10434.348},{"text":"subcommittee.","start":10434.782,"end":10435.439}]},{"text":"Under the agenda item Space Debris, the subcommittee had before it document prepared by the Secretariat containing contribution received from member states and international organizations on research on space debris safety of the space objects with a nuclear power source on board and problems related to the collision of such objects with space debris.","start":10437.669,"end":10465.684,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Under","start":10437.669,"end":10437.91},{"text":"the","start":10437.91,"end":10438.07},{"text":"agenda","start":10438.07,"end":10438.375},{"text":"item","start":10438.455,"end":10438.744},{"text":"Space","start":10438.792,"end":10439.209},{"text":"Debris,","start":10439.209,"end":10439.594},{"text":"the","start":10440.942,"end":10441.022},{"text":"subcommittee","start":10441.022,"end":10441.552},{"text":"had","start":10441.584,"end":10441.937},{"text":"before","start":10442.723,"end":10443.14},{"text":"it","start":10443.284,"end":10443.541},{"text":"document","start":10443.685,"end":10444.086},{"text":"prepared","start":10444.086,"end":10444.664},{"text":"by","start":10444.728,"end":10444.84},{"text":"the","start":10444.953,"end":10445.129},{"text":"Secretariat","start":10445.129,"end":10445.851},{"text":"containing","start":10446.397,"end":10446.846},{"text":"contribution","start":10446.958,"end":10447.552},{"text":"received","start":10447.552,"end":10448.177},{"text":"from","start":10448.177,"end":10448.386},{"text":"member","start":10448.498,"end":10448.675},{"text":"states","start":10448.675,"end":10449.252},{"text":"and","start":10449.541,"end":10449.669},{"text":"international","start":10449.766,"end":10450.343},{"text":"organizations","start":10450.343,"end":10451.113},{"text":"on","start":10451.931,"end":10452.028},{"text":"research","start":10452.028,"end":10452.429},{"text":"on","start":10452.589,"end":10452.621},{"text":"space","start":10452.621,"end":10452.878},{"text":"debris","start":10452.99,"end":10453.391},{"text":"safety","start":10454.017,"end":10454.884},{"text":"of","start":10455.06,"end":10455.205},{"text":"the","start":10455.558,"end":10455.638},{"text":"space","start":10455.638,"end":10455.846},{"text":"objects","start":10455.975,"end":10456.52},{"text":"with","start":10457.002,"end":10457.162},{"text":"a","start":10457.162,"end":10457.259},{"text":"nuclear","start":10457.259,"end":10457.628},{"text":"power","start":10457.644,"end":10457.868},{"text":"source","start":10457.884,"end":10458.366},{"text":"on","start":10458.43,"end":10458.607},{"text":"board","start":10458.607,"end":10458.896},{"text":"and","start":10459.409,"end":10459.473},{"text":"problems","start":10459.553,"end":10459.971},{"text":"related","start":10460.131,"end":10461.126},{"text":"to","start":10461.238,"end":10461.447},{"text":"the","start":10461.575,"end":10461.72},{"text":"collision","start":10461.72,"end":10462.185},{"text":"of","start":10462.298,"end":10462.426},{"text":"such","start":10462.603,"end":10463.437},{"text":"objects","start":10463.501,"end":10463.87},{"text":"with","start":10464.384,"end":10464.641},{"text":"space","start":10464.929,"end":10465.25},{"text":"debris.","start":10465.266,"end":10465.684}]},{"text":"Should the Committee consider the importance to receive such information for the work of the Subcommittee, it is suggested that member states as well as the international International organizations holding permanent observer status with the Committee should continue to be invited to provide such 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under the agenda item pertaining to the examination of the physical nature and technical attributes of the geostationary orbit, I wish to highlight that the valuable contribution of the Observer for for the International Telecommunication Union, or ITU, on the use of geostationary satellite orbit and other 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that connection, the subcommittee took note with appreciation of the information provided in the annual report of the Radio Communication Bureau of ITU, as well as other documents referred 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Conference Room Paper A/AC.105/C.1/2026/CRP.16, should the Committee consider it important to receive contributions of ITU on this matter, it is suggested that ITU continue to be invited to submit report under this agenda 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delegates, these recommendations reflect well-established practice, underpin the transparency, safety, and sustainability of space 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my capacity as Chair of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee, I really wish to express my sincere appreciation to all delegations for their dedication constructive engagement, and spirit of cooperation throughout our 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collective efforts have been instrumental in advancing the substantive agenda of the subcommittee and in guiding the important work of its subsidiary 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on the information shared, the first nuclear-powered spacecraft could be on its way to Mars within less than 3 years and on the lunar surface within 4 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distinguished delegates, I would like to recall that one of the methods for collecting information under the objectives of the 5-year work plan of the Working Group is the questionnaire agreed by the Working Group in 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and as contained in the report of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee at its 62nd session, Document A/AC.105/1338 Annex 3 Appendix, and on the web page of the working 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encourage member states and international intergovernmental organizations to to provide responses to the questionnaire.","start":11109.25,"end":11117.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11109.25,"end":11109.61},{"text":"encourage","start":11109.61,"end":11110.15},{"text":"member","start":11110.15,"end":11110.43},{"text":"states","start":11110.43,"end":11110.95},{"text":"and","start":11110.95,"end":11111.59},{"text":"international","start":11111.59,"end":11112.51},{"text":"intergovernmental","start":11112.51,"end":11113.43},{"text":"organizations","start":11113.43,"end":11114.21},{"text":"to","start":11114.21,"end":11114.43},{"text":"to","start":11114.46,"end":11114.6},{"text":"provide","start":11114.6,"end":11115.02},{"text":"responses","start":11115.02,"end":11115.78},{"text":"to","start":11115.78,"end":11116.1},{"text":"the","start":11116.1,"end":11116.48},{"text":"questionnaire.","start":11116.48,"end":11117.53}]},{"text":"The responses to the questionnaire will be used in an anonymized and aggregated form to assist the Working Group in advancing its work for the period 2024-2028.","start":11117.98,"end":11132.42,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11117.98,"end":11118.08},{"text":"responses","start":11118.08,"end":11118.58},{"text":"to","start":11118.58,"end":11118.94},{"text":"the","start":11118.94,"end":11119.139},{"text":"questionnaire","start":11119.139,"end":11119.559},{"text":"will","start":11119.559,"end":11119.799},{"text":"be","start":11119.799,"end":11120.04},{"text":"used","start":11120.04,"end":11120.36},{"text":"in","start":11120.36,"end":11120.559},{"text":"an","start":11120.559,"end":11121.139},{"text":"anonymized","start":11121.139,"end":11122.099},{"text":"and","start":11122.099,"end":11122.579},{"text":"aggregated","start":11122.579,"end":11123.4},{"text":"form","start":11123.4,"end":11123.88},{"text":"to","start":11123.88,"end":11124.06},{"text":"assist","start":11124.06,"end":11124.48},{"text":"the","start":11124.48,"end":11124.659},{"text":"Working","start":11124.659,"end":11125.04},{"text":"Group","start":11125.04,"end":11125.3},{"text":"in","start":11125.3,"end":11126.04},{"text":"advancing","start":11126.04,"end":11126.739},{"text":"its","start":11126.739,"end":11127.4},{"text":"work","start":11127.4,"end":11127.72},{"text":"for","start":11127.72,"end":11127.96},{"text":"the","start":11127.96,"end":11128.14},{"text":"period","start":11128.14,"end":11128.48},{"text":"2024-2028.","start":11128.48,"end":11132.42}]},{"text":"Chair, distinguished delegates, before concluding, I would like to sincerely thank all the participants at the joint workshop for sharing the information on current and future developments of NPS applications in outer 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would like to express my sincere appreciation also to the IAEA for their constructive engagement in this workshop and for the expertise they bring to the table in the working group regarding terrestrial nuclear power sources and related safety 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would also like to thank the Office for Outer Space Affairs for their contribution and the organization of this 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I would like to inform member states that the working group intends to hold two intersessional meetings later this year, on 24th of September and on 5th of November 2026, in a virtual 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distinguished delegates, Thank you for your attention.","start":11193.454,"end":11197.596,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair,","start":11193.454,"end":11193.647},{"text":"distinguished","start":11194.562,"end":11195.043},{"text":"delegates,","start":11195.043,"end":11195.573},{"text":"Thank","start":11196.247,"end":11196.504},{"text":"you","start":11196.504,"end":11196.665},{"text":"for","start":11196.665,"end":11196.873},{"text":"your","start":11196.906,"end":11197.082},{"text":"attention.","start":11197.082,"end":11197.596}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Leopold Sumrer","affiliation":"STSC","affiliation_full":"STSC","group":null,"function":"Chair of Working Group"}},{"statement_number":80,"start":11200.984,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=11201","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the chair of the working group for the 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Group of 77 and China takes note of the reports of the STSC and the LSC and expresses its appreciation to the chairs of both subcommittees, the Secretariat and the UNOSA, for their continued efforts under challenging circumstances.","start":11234.211,"end":11248.716,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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thank you very much, Chair.","start":11457.342,"end":11459.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11457.342,"end":11457.391},{"text":"thank","start":11457.423,"end":11457.599},{"text":"you","start":11457.648,"end":11457.744},{"text":"very","start":11457.744,"end":11457.953},{"text":"much,","start":11457.969,"end":11458.049},{"text":"Chair.","start":11458.065,"end":11459.35}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"DOM","affiliation_full":"Dominican Republic","group":"G77 + China","function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":82,"start":11462.225,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=11463","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Dominican Republic on behalf of G77 and 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The African Group would like to deliver this statement for agenda items 7 and 8 on the reports of the Scientific and Legal Subcommittees respectively.","start":11484.216,"end":11492.228,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11484.216,"end":11484.392},{"text":"you,","start":11484.392,"end":11484.456},{"text":"Chair.","start":11484.472,"end":11484.969},{"text":"The","start":11485.193,"end":11485.257},{"text":"African","start":11485.273,"end":11485.658},{"text":"Group","start":11485.658,"end":11485.898},{"text":"would","start":11485.898,"end":11486.058},{"text":"like","start":11486.058,"end":11486.235},{"text":"to","start":11486.235,"end":11486.315},{"text":"deliver","start":11486.315,"end":11486.715},{"text":"this","start":11486.715,"end":11486.876},{"text":"statement","start":11486.876,"end":11487.421},{"text":"for","start":11487.421,"end":11487.533},{"text":"agenda","start":11487.581,"end":11487.885},{"text":"items","start":11487.901,"end":11488.206},{"text":"7","start":11488.238,"end":11488.51},{"text":"and","start":11488.542,"end":11488.606},{"text":"8","start":11488.719,"end":11489.055},{"text":"on","start":11489.103,"end":11489.151},{"text":"the","start":11489.199,"end":11489.279},{"text":"reports","start":11489.279,"end":11489.696},{"text":"of","start":11489.696,"end":11489.776},{"text":"the","start":11489.776,"end":11489.872},{"text":"Scientific","start":11489.904,"end":11490.465},{"text":"and","start":11490.481,"end":11490.545},{"text":"Legal","start":11490.641,"end":11490.898},{"text":"Subcommittees","start":11490.898,"end":11491.571},{"text":"respectively.","start":11491.587,"end":11492.228}]},{"text":"Sir Chair, the African Group takes note of the reports of the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee and the Legal Subcommittee and expresses its appreciation to the chairs of both subcommittees and the Secretariat and the Office of Outer Space Affairs for their continued efforts.","start":11493.302,"end":11506.87,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"Sir","start":11493.302,"end":11493.446},{"text":"Chair,","start":11493.446,"end":11493.75},{"text":"the","start":11493.766,"end":11493.814},{"text":"African","start":11493.83,"end":11494.247},{"text":"Group","start":11494.247,"end":11494.471},{"text":"takes","start":11494.471,"end":11494.712},{"text":"note","start":11494.712,"end":11494.952},{"text":"of","start":11494.952,"end":11495.016},{"text":"the","start":11495.048,"end":11495.128},{"text":"reports","start":11495.128,"end":11495.513},{"text":"of","start":11495.513,"end":11495.593},{"text":"the","start":11495.593,"end":11495.689},{"text":"Scientific","start":11495.689,"end":11496.186},{"text":"and","start":11496.186,"end":11496.298},{"text":"Technical","start":11496.33,"end":11496.731},{"text":"Subcommittee","start":11496.731,"end":11497.324},{"text":"and","start":11497.452,"end":11497.516},{"text":"the","start":11497.532,"end":11497.628},{"text":"Legal","start":11497.628,"end":11497.917},{"text":"Subcommittee","start":11497.917,"end":11498.67},{"text":"and","start":11499.135,"end":11499.199},{"text":"expresses","start":11499.231,"end":11499.824},{"text":"its","start":11499.92,"end":11500.08},{"text":"appreciation","start":11500.08,"end":11500.737},{"text":"to","start":11500.737,"end":11500.833},{"text":"the","start":11500.833,"end":11500.961},{"text":"chairs","start":11500.961,"end":11501.266},{"text":"of","start":11501.362,"end":11501.41},{"text":"both","start":11501.458,"end":11501.586},{"text":"subcommittees","start":11501.618,"end":11502.307},{"text":"and","start":11502.74,"end":11502.804},{"text":"the","start":11502.82,"end":11502.916},{"text":"Secretariat","start":11502.916,"end":11503.798},{"text":"and","start":11503.77,"end":11503.99},{"text":"the","start":11503.99,"end":11504.09},{"text":"Office","start":11504.09,"end":11504.33},{"text":"of","start":11504.33,"end":11504.57},{"text":"Outer","start":11504.57,"end":11504.85},{"text":"Space","start":11504.85,"end":11505.05},{"text":"Affairs","start":11505.05,"end":11505.45},{"text":"for","start":11505.45,"end":11505.69},{"text":"their","start":11505.69,"end":11505.85},{"text":"continued","start":11505.85,"end":11506.27},{"text":"efforts.","start":11506.27,"end":11506.87}]},{"text":"The group recalls that COPUS remains the primary committee of the General Assembly dealing exclusively with international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space.","start":11507.77,"end":11516.29,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. 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thank you, Mr. Chair.","start":11662.517,"end":11663.399,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11662.517,"end":11662.533},{"text":"thank","start":11662.597,"end":11662.821},{"text":"you,","start":11662.821,"end":11662.854},{"text":"Mr.","start":11662.902,"end":11663.078},{"text":"Chair.","start":11663.158,"end":11663.399}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"EGY","affiliation_full":"Egypt","group":"African Group","function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":84,"start":11666.124,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=11667","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you.","start":11666.124,"end":11666.589,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11666.124,"end":11666.364},{"text":"you.","start":11666.364,"end":11666.589}]},{"text":"I thank the distinguished delegates of Egypt on behalf of the African Group for the statement.","start":11668.128,"end":11677.105,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":11668.128,"end":11668.16},{"text":"thank","start":11668.208,"end":11668.785},{"text":"the","start":11668.849,"end":11669.042},{"text":"distinguished","start":11669.555,"end":11670.212},{"text":"delegates","start":11670.212,"end":11670.869},{"text":"of","start":11670.933,"end":11671.222},{"text":"Egypt","start":11671.318,"end":11672.104},{"text":"on","start":11673.242,"end":11673.306},{"text":"behalf","start":11673.338,"end":11673.835},{"text":"of","start":11673.883,"end":11673.947},{"text":"the","start":11674.043,"end":11674.252},{"text":"African","start":11674.444,"end":11674.877},{"text":"Group","start":11675.005,"end":11675.502},{"text":"for","start":11676.368,"end":11676.528},{"text":"the","start":11676.528,"end":11676.56},{"text":"statement.","start":11676.56,"end":11677.105}]},{"text":"Now we will continue, distinguished delegates, our consideration of Agenda Item 7, Report on the Scientific and Technical Subcommittees on its 63rd session this afternoon.","start":11679.029,"end":11697.348,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":11679.029,"end":11679.141},{"text":"we","start":11679.35,"end":11679.494},{"text":"will","start":11679.59,"end":11679.927},{"text":"continue,","start":11680.215,"end":11680.857},{"text":"distinguished","start":11681.273,"end":11682.315},{"text":"delegates,","start":11682.315,"end":11683.149},{"text":"our","start":11684.063,"end":11684.255},{"text":"consideration","start":11684.303,"end":11685.217},{"text":"of","start":11685.442,"end":11685.586},{"text":"Agenda","start":11685.586,"end":11686.067},{"text":"Item","start":11686.147,"end":11686.451},{"text":"7,","start":11686.499,"end":11687.172},{"text":"Report","start":11688.15,"end":11688.887},{"text":"on","start":11688.887,"end":11689.095},{"text":"the","start":11689.127,"end":11689.207},{"text":"Scientific","start":11689.207,"end":11690.233},{"text":"and","start":11690.233,"end":11690.457},{"text":"Technical","start":11690.554,"end":11691.13},{"text":"Subcommittees","start":11691.13,"end":11692.14},{"text":"on","start":11692.957,"end":11693.005},{"text":"its","start":11693.358,"end":11694.031},{"text":"63rd","start":11694.432,"end":11695.025},{"text":"session","start":11695.313,"end":11695.906},{"text":"this","start":11696.563,"end":11696.883},{"text":"afternoon.","start":11696.964,"end":11697.348}]},{"text":"And distinguished delegates, I would now proceed with a technical presentation.","start":11698.646,"end":11706.082,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11698.646,"end":11698.967},{"text":"distinguished","start":11699.143,"end":11699.944},{"text":"delegates,","start":11699.944,"end":11700.617},{"text":"I","start":11701.691,"end":11701.739},{"text":"would","start":11701.787,"end":11701.995},{"text":"now","start":11702.733,"end":11702.845},{"text":"proceed","start":11703.069,"end":11703.774},{"text":"with","start":11704.095,"end":11704.303},{"text":"a","start":11704.335,"end":11704.351},{"text":"technical","start":11704.575,"end":11705.2},{"text":"presentation.","start":11705.233,"end":11706.082}]},{"text":"We do have 5 technical presentations.","start":11707.14,"end":11710.809,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":11707.14,"end":11707.316},{"text":"do","start":11707.316,"end":11707.54},{"text":"have","start":11707.62,"end":11707.925},{"text":"5","start":11708.037,"end":11708.806},{"text":"technical","start":11709.079,"end":11709.72},{"text":"presentations.","start":11709.72,"end":11710.809}]},{"text":"And before I move on the technical presentation, I should like to advise all the presenters that should they wish to have interactions through questions and answers of their presentation, they may wish to finish their presentation minutes earlier than the allotted time 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you very much, Chair, and now I will take over.","start":11736.93,"end":11742.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11736.93,"end":11737.88},{"text":"you","start":11737.88,"end":11739.8},{"text":"very","start":11739.8,"end":11740.06},{"text":"much,","start":11740.06,"end":11740.58},{"text":"Chair,","start":11740.58,"end":11740.759},{"text":"and","start":11740.759,"end":11740.88},{"text":"now","start":11740.88,"end":11741.28},{"text":"I","start":11741.28,"end":11741.34},{"text":"will","start":11741.34,"end":11741.599},{"text":"take","start":11741.599,"end":11741.8},{"text":"over.","start":11741.8,"end":11742.45}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":null}},{"statement_number":86,"start":11743.04,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=11744","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"The first presentation on our list is CSS-STEAP: 30 Years of Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific by the representative of India.","start":11743.04,"end":11755.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11743.04,"end":11743.04},{"text":"first","start":11743.04,"end":11743.359},{"text":"presentation","start":11743.359,"end":11744.12},{"text":"on","start":11744.12,"end":11744.82},{"text":"our","start":11744.82,"end":11745.18},{"text":"list","start":11745.18,"end":11745.5},{"text":"is","start":11745.5,"end":11745.98},{"text":"CSS-STEAP:","start":11745.98,"end":11747.42},{"text":"30","start":11747.42,"end":11747.64},{"text":"Years","start":11747.64,"end":11748},{"text":"of","start":11748,"end":11748.34},{"text":"Space","start":11748.34,"end":11748.66},{"text":"Science","start":11748.66,"end":11749.1},{"text":"and","start":11749.1,"end":11749.379},{"text":"Technology","start":11749.379,"end":11749.98},{"text":"Education","start":11749.98,"end":11750.68},{"text":"in","start":11750.68,"end":11750.98},{"text":"Asia","start":11750.98,"end":11751.48},{"text":"and","start":11751.48,"end":11751.86},{"text":"the","start":11751.86,"end":11751.98},{"text":"Pacific","start":11751.98,"end":11752.539},{"text":"by","start":11752.539,"end":11753.16},{"text":"the","start":11753.16,"end":11753.34},{"text":"representative","start":11753.34,"end":11754.04},{"text":"of","start":11754.04,"end":11754.52},{"text":"India.","start":11754.52,"end":11755.47}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"COPUOS","affiliation_full":"COPUOS","group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":87,"start":11763.024,"pageUrl":"/fr/asset/k1k/k1kap6yh4l?lang=en&t=11764","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Chair.","start":11763.024,"end":11764.261,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":11763.024,"end":11763.265},{"text":"you,","start":11763.265,"end":11763.49},{"text":"Chair.","start":11763.892,"end":11764.261}]},{"text":"Good afternoon to you all.","start":11765.835,"end":11767.008,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":11765.835,"end":11765.996},{"text":"afternoon","start":11765.996,"end":11766.365},{"text":"to","start":11766.478,"end":11766.526},{"text":"you","start":11766.542,"end":11766.671},{"text":"all.","start":11766.799,"end":11767.008}]},{"text":"I would like to draw your attention towards the presentation on the activities of Center for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia Pacific, also known as CSSTAP, which is hosted by Department of Space, Government of India, and it is completed 30 years of capacity building and education in the Asia-Pacific region.","start":11767.683,"end":11791.64,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building 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Delegations linked this to fairness, inclusion, and ensuring that the benefits of outer space are available to all states."},{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11792.049,"end":11792.129},{"text":"genesis","start":11792.129,"end":11792.629},{"text":"of","start":11792.629,"end":11792.97},{"text":"CSSTAP","start":11792.97,"end":11793.829},{"text":"can","start":11793.829,"end":11794.169},{"text":"be","start":11794.169,"end":11794.45},{"text":"called—","start":11794.45,"end":11795.169},{"text":"recalled","start":11795.169,"end":11795.169},{"text":"back","start":11795.169,"end":11795.61},{"text":"to","start":11795.61,"end":11795.95},{"text":"the","start":11795.95,"end":11796.31},{"text":"UN","start":11796.31,"end":11796.51},{"text":"General","start":11796.51,"end":11796.87},{"text":"Assembly's","start":11796.87,"end":11797.47},{"text":"resolution","start":11797.47,"end":11797.849},{"text":"in","start":11797.849,"end":11798.15},{"text":"1990,","start":11798.15,"end":11799.05},{"text":"which","start":11799.63,"end":11799.71},{"text":"led","start":11799.71,"end":11800.029},{"text":"to,","start":11800.029,"end":11800.55},{"text":"you","start":11800.55,"end":11800.95},{"text":"know,","start":11800.95,"end":11801.109},{"text":"the","start":11801.109,"end":11801.21},{"text":"creation","start":11801.21,"end":11801.75},{"text":"of","start":11801.75,"end":11802.13},{"text":"CSSTAP","start":11802.13,"end":11803.21},{"text":"on","start":11803.21,"end":11803.59},{"text":"1st","start":11803.59,"end":11804.11},{"text":"of","start":11804.11,"end":11804.11},{"text":"November","start":11804.11,"end":11804.55},{"text":"1995.","start":11804.55,"end":11805.57}]},{"text":"And the center was given to India, which was hosted in a city called Dehradun in the northern part of the country.","start":11805.57,"end":11815.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":11805.57,"end":11806.45},{"text":"the","start":11806.45,"end":11806.53},{"text":"center","start":11806.53,"end":11806.93},{"text":"was","start":11806.93,"end":11807.57},{"text":"given","start":11807.57,"end":11808.27},{"text":"to","start":11808.27,"end":11808.85},{"text":"India,","start":11808.85,"end":11809.75},{"text":"which","start":11809.75,"end":11809.99},{"text":"was","start":11809.99,"end":11810.19},{"text":"hosted","start":11810.19,"end":11810.57},{"text":"in","start":11810.57,"end":11811.41},{"text":"a","start":11811.41,"end":11811.69},{"text":"city","start":11811.69,"end":11811.95},{"text":"called","start":11811.95,"end":11812.27},{"text":"Dehradun","start":11812.27,"end":11812.87},{"text":"in","start":11812.87,"end":11813.19},{"text":"the","start":11813.19,"end":11813.35},{"text":"northern","start":11813.35,"end":11813.65},{"text":"part","start":11813.65,"end":11813.99},{"text":"of","start":11813.99,"end":11814.13},{"text":"the","start":11814.13,"end":11814.19},{"text":"country.","start":11814.29,"end":11815.39}]},{"text":"At this moment, I would like to recall the contributions of Dr. K. Kasturirangan, former chairman of ISRO, who unfortunately is not— no more with us.","start":11815.39,"end":11827.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":11815.39,"end":11815.39},{"text":"this","start":11815.39,"end":11815.57},{"text":"moment,","start":11815.57,"end":11816.02},{"text":"I","start":11816.07,"end":11816.07},{"text":"would","start":11816.07,"end":11816.29},{"text":"like","start":11816.29,"end":11816.51},{"text":"to","start":11816.51,"end":11816.67},{"text":"recall","start":11816.67,"end":11817.25},{"text":"the","start":11817.25,"end":11817.69},{"text":"contributions","start":11817.69,"end":11818.389},{"text":"of","start":11818.389,"end":11819.15},{"text":"Dr.","start":11819.15,"end":11819.65},{"text":"K.","start":11819.65,"end":11819.929},{"text":"Kasturirangan,","start":11819.929,"end":11820.849},{"text":"former","start":11820.849,"end":11820.99},{"text":"chairman","start":11820.99,"end":11821.57},{"text":"of","start":11821.57,"end":11821.769},{"text":"ISRO,","start":11821.769,"end":11823.22},{"text":"who","start":11823.43,"end":11823.43},{"text":"unfortunately","start":11823.43,"end":11824.67},{"text":"is","start":11824.67,"end":11825.829},{"text":"not—","start":11825.829,"end":11826.59},{"text":"no","start":11826.59,"end":11826.59},{"text":"more","start":11826.59,"end":11826.85},{"text":"with","start":11826.85,"end":11827.03},{"text":"us.","start":11827.03,"end":11827.73}]},{"text":"And we would like to, you know, remember and recall his contributions in view of the capacity building and use of space technology in the Asia-Pacific region.","start":11827.73,"end":11842.31,"topics":[{"key":"capacity-building","label":"Capacity Building and Equitable Access","description":"A major topic was the need to expand training, technology transfer, technical assistance, and institutional support for developing countries and emerging space nations. 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I am excited to share some major news.","start":12514.69,"end":12517.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Next,","start":12514.69,"end":12515.44},{"text":"I","start":12515.44,"end":12515.5},{"text":"am","start":12515.5,"end":12515.6},{"text":"excited","start":12515.6,"end":12515.94},{"text":"to","start":12515.94,"end":12516.28},{"text":"share","start":12516.28,"end":12516.48},{"text":"some","start":12516.48,"end":12516.78},{"text":"major","start":12516.78,"end":12517.06},{"text":"news.","start":12517.06,"end":12517.81}]},{"text":"Very soon, we will be launching 7 of our next-generation satellites named 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series.","start":12524.1,"end":12533.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":12524.1,"end":12524.479},{"text":"new","start":12524.479,"end":12524.799},{"text":"series","start":12524.799,"end":12525.139},{"text":"will","start":12525.139,"end":12525.4},{"text":"significantly","start":12525.4,"end":12525.96},{"text":"enhance","start":12525.96,"end":12526.62},{"text":"both","start":12526.62,"end":12526.9},{"text":"image","start":12526.9,"end":12527.24},{"text":"quality","start":12527.24,"end":12527.84},{"text":"and","start":12527.84,"end":12528.299},{"text":"the","start":12528.299,"end":12528.38},{"text":"frequency,","start":12528.38,"end":12528.979},{"text":"frequency","start":12528.979,"end":12529.6},{"text":"of","start":12529.6,"end":12529.9},{"text":"our","start":12529.9,"end":12529.96},{"text":"visits","start":12529.96,"end":12530.64},{"text":"compared","start":12530.64,"end":12531.12},{"text":"to","start":12531.12,"end":12531.4},{"text":"the","start":12531.4,"end":12531.5},{"text":"current","start":12531.5,"end":12531.76},{"text":"GRUZE-1","start":12531.76,"end":12532.22},{"text":"series.","start":12532.22,"end":12533.37}]},{"text":"This advancement will allow us to meet broader customer needs and contribute more effectively to solving global social issues.","start":12533.56,"end":12541.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":12533.56,"end":12533.88},{"text":"advancement","start":12533.88,"end":12534.46},{"text":"will","start":12534.46,"end":12534.7},{"text":"allow","start":12534.7,"end":12535},{"text":"us","start":12535,"end":12535.28},{"text":"to","start":12535.28,"end":12535.44},{"text":"meet","start":12535.44,"end":12535.58},{"text":"broader","start":12535.58,"end":12536},{"text":"customer","start":12536,"end":12536.38},{"text":"needs","start":12536.38,"end":12536.88},{"text":"and","start":12536.88,"end":12537.34},{"text":"contribute","start":12537.34,"end":12537.86},{"text":"more","start":12537.86,"end":12538.16},{"text":"effectively","start":12538.16,"end":12538.72},{"text":"to","start":12538.72,"end":12539.12},{"text":"solving","start":12539.12,"end":12539.42},{"text":"global","start":12539.42,"end":12539.82},{"text":"social","start":12539.82,"end":12540.1},{"text":"issues.","start":12540.96,"end":12541.86}]},{"text":"Notably, the GRUES-3 satellites feature a new coastal blue band, which is highly effective for monitoring shallow waters.","start":12541.86,"end":12549.88,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Notably,","start":12541.86,"end":12542.66},{"text":"the","start":12542.66,"end":12542.86},{"text":"GRUES-3","start":12542.86,"end":12543.68},{"text":"satellites","start":12543.68,"end":12544.1},{"text":"feature","start":12544.1,"end":12544.52},{"text":"a","start":12544.52,"end":12544.82},{"text":"new","start":12544.82,"end":12545.06},{"text":"coastal","start":12545.06,"end":12545.4},{"text":"blue","start":12545.4,"end":12545.7},{"text":"band,","start":12545.7,"end":12546.549},{"text":"which","start":12546.56,"end":12546.56},{"text":"is","start":12546.56,"end":12546.86},{"text":"highly","start":12546.86,"end":12547.32},{"text":"effective","start":12547.32,"end":12547.78},{"text":"for","start":12547.78,"end":12548.1},{"text":"monitoring","start":12548.1,"end":12548.479},{"text":"shallow","start":12548.479,"end":12548.88},{"text":"waters.","start":12548.88,"end":12549.88}]},{"text":"With this capability, we look forward to providing innovative solutions for monitoring mangroves and seaweed beds, playing a key role in blue carbon initiatives.","start":12550.06,"end":12559.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"With","start":12550.06,"end":12550.22},{"text":"this","start":12550.22,"end":12550.54},{"text":"capability,","start":12550.54,"end":12551.34},{"text":"we","start":12551.479,"end":12551.56},{"text":"look","start":12551.56,"end":12551.8},{"text":"forward","start":12551.8,"end":12552.14},{"text":"to","start":12552.14,"end":12552.26},{"text":"providing","start":12552.26,"end":12552.72},{"text":"innovative","start":12552.72,"end":12553.38},{"text":"solutions","start":12553.38,"end":12554.02},{"text":"for","start":12554.02,"end":12554.38},{"text":"monitoring","start":12554.38,"end":12554.8},{"text":"mangroves","start":12554.8,"end":12555.44},{"text":"and","start":12555.44,"end":12555.92},{"text":"seaweed","start":12555.92,"end":12556.24},{"text":"beds,","start":12556.24,"end":12556.7},{"text":"playing","start":12556.7,"end":12557.28},{"text":"a","start":12557.28,"end":12557.48},{"text":"key","start":12557.48,"end":12557.76},{"text":"role","start":12557.76,"end":12558.04},{"text":"in","start":12558.04,"end":12558.22},{"text":"blue","start":12558.22,"end":12558.5},{"text":"carbon","start":12558.5,"end":12558.84},{"text":"initiatives.","start":12558.84,"end":12559.54}]},{"text":"These 7 GRUES-3 satellites have already arrived in the United States and are awaiting launch.","start":12561.58,"end":12566.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":12561.58,"end":12561.98},{"text":"7","start":12561.98,"end":12562.42},{"text":"GRUES-3","start":12562.42,"end":12562.9},{"text":"satellites","start":12562.9,"end":12563.26},{"text":"have","start":12563.26,"end":12563.48},{"text":"already","start":12563.48,"end":12563.9},{"text":"arrived","start":12563.9,"end":12564.26},{"text":"in","start":12564.26,"end":12564.4},{"text":"the","start":12564.4,"end":12564.52},{"text":"United","start":12564.52,"end":12564.76},{"text":"States","start":12564.76,"end":12565.3},{"text":"and","start":12565.3,"end":12565.54},{"text":"are","start":12565.54,"end":12565.7},{"text":"awaiting","start":12565.7,"end":12566.08},{"text":"launch.","start":12566.22,"end":12566.96}]},{"text":"Our engineering team is currently on site conducting the final pre-launch checks.","start":12566.96,"end":12572.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":12566.96,"end":12567.38},{"text":"engineering","start":12567.38,"end":12567.84},{"text":"team","start":12567.84,"end":12568.22},{"text":"is","start":12568.22,"end":12568.4},{"text":"currently","start":12568.4,"end":12568.82},{"text":"on","start":12568.82,"end":12569.02},{"text":"site","start":12569.02,"end":12569.38},{"text":"conducting","start":12569.38,"end":12569.86},{"text":"the","start":12569.86,"end":12570.139},{"text":"final","start":12570.139,"end":12570.439},{"text":"pre-launch","start":12570.439,"end":12570.899},{"text":"checks.","start":12570.899,"end":12572.05}]},{"text":"We are looking forward to a successful launch in the very near future.","start":12572.099,"end":12575.499,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12572.099,"end":12572.18},{"text":"are","start":12572.18,"end":12572.3},{"text":"looking","start":12572.3,"end":12572.54},{"text":"forward","start":12572.54,"end":12573.019},{"text":"to","start":12573.019,"end":12573.12},{"text":"a","start":12573.12,"end":12573.22},{"text":"successful","start":12573.22,"end":12573.519},{"text":"launch","start":12573.68,"end":12574.059},{"text":"in","start":12574.059,"end":12574.239},{"text":"the","start":12574.239,"end":12574.36},{"text":"very","start":12574.36,"end":12574.64},{"text":"near","start":12574.64,"end":12574.8},{"text":"future.","start":12574.8,"end":12575.499}]},{"text":"Now let us turn our focus to Africa.","start":12578.86,"end":12581.829,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Now","start":12578.86,"end":12579.06},{"text":"let","start":12579.06,"end":12579.48},{"text":"us","start":12579.48,"end":12579.62},{"text":"turn","start":12579.62,"end":12579.86},{"text":"our","start":12579.86,"end":12580.1},{"text":"focus","start":12580.1,"end":12580.44},{"text":"to","start":12580.44,"end":12580.98},{"text":"Africa.","start":12580.98,"end":12581.829}]},{"text":"Africa is experiencing remarkably rapid growth, which simultaneously brings forth various complex social challenges.","start":12582.28,"end":12590.04,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Africa","start":12582.28,"end":12582.88},{"text":"is","start":12582.88,"end":12583.18},{"text":"experiencing","start":12583.18,"end":12583.92},{"text":"remarkably","start":12583.92,"end":12584.64},{"text":"rapid","start":12584.64,"end":12585.12},{"text":"growth,","start":12585.12,"end":12586.06},{"text":"which","start":12586.06,"end":12586.16},{"text":"simultaneously","start":12586.16,"end":12586.9},{"text":"brings","start":12586.9,"end":12587.34},{"text":"forth","start":12587.34,"end":12587.74},{"text":"various","start":12587.74,"end":12588.12},{"text":"complex","start":12588.12,"end":12588.6},{"text":"social","start":12588.6,"end":12588.94},{"text":"challenges.","start":12588.94,"end":12590.04}]},{"text":"I firmly believe that Satellite data can help resolve many of these challenges.","start":12590.26,"end":12594.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":12590.26,"end":12590.58},{"text":"firmly","start":12590.58,"end":12590.96},{"text":"believe","start":12590.96,"end":12591.6},{"text":"that","start":12591.6,"end":12591.94},{"text":"Satellite","start":12591.86,"end":12592.197},{"text":"data","start":12592.197,"end":12592.534},{"text":"can","start":12592.534,"end":12592.823},{"text":"help","start":12592.839,"end":12593.256},{"text":"resolve","start":12593.256,"end":12593.706},{"text":"many","start":12593.738,"end":12593.947},{"text":"of","start":12593.995,"end":12594.14},{"text":"these","start":12594.14,"end":12594.348},{"text":"challenges.","start":12594.38,"end":12594.91}]},{"text":"However, traditional support from developed countries remains insufficient, and satellite data is still not fully accessible to many African nations.","start":12596.147,"end":12605.588,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However,","start":12596.147,"end":12596.66},{"text":"traditional","start":12597.03,"end":12597.511},{"text":"support","start":12597.511,"end":12598.073},{"text":"from","start":12598.073,"end":12598.266},{"text":"developed","start":12598.459,"end":12598.86},{"text":"countries","start":12598.86,"end":12599.326},{"text":"remains","start":12599.519,"end":12600.016},{"text":"insufficient,","start":12600.08,"end":12600.803},{"text":"and","start":12601.59,"end":12601.75},{"text":"satellite","start":12601.75,"end":12602.168},{"text":"data","start":12602.168,"end":12602.409},{"text":"is","start":12602.553,"end":12602.633},{"text":"still","start":12602.633,"end":12602.955},{"text":"not","start":12602.955,"end":12603.147},{"text":"fully","start":12603.147,"end":12603.42},{"text":"accessible","start":12603.533,"end":12604.063},{"text":"to","start":12604.239,"end":12604.352},{"text":"many","start":12604.352,"end":12604.625},{"text":"African","start":12604.721,"end":12605.138},{"text":"nations.","start":12605.138,"end":12605.588}]},{"text":"AxioSpace intends to change this paradigm through a fundamentally different approach.","start":12607.129,"end":12611.529,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"AxioSpace","start":12607.129,"end":12607.707},{"text":"intends","start":12607.707,"end":12608.077},{"text":"to","start":12608.173,"end":12608.269},{"text":"change","start":12608.334,"end":12608.59},{"text":"this","start":12608.59,"end":12608.815},{"text":"paradigm","start":12608.815,"end":12609.377},{"text":"through","start":12609.698,"end":12609.939},{"text":"a","start":12609.939,"end":12609.971},{"text":"fundamentally","start":12609.971,"end":12610.678},{"text":"different","start":12610.678,"end":12611.095},{"text":"approach.","start":12611.095,"end":12611.529}]},{"text":"We do not want to simply sell data to Africa.","start":12612.444,"end":12615.158,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12612.444,"end":12612.524},{"text":"do","start":12612.524,"end":12612.685},{"text":"not","start":12612.685,"end":12613.183},{"text":"want","start":12613.231,"end":12613.391},{"text":"to","start":12613.391,"end":12613.488},{"text":"simply","start":12613.488,"end":12613.825},{"text":"sell","start":12613.825,"end":12614.098},{"text":"data","start":12614.194,"end":12614.451},{"text":"to","start":12614.451,"end":12614.66},{"text":"Africa.","start":12614.676,"end":12615.158}]},{"text":"Instead, our goal is to foster a local space data utilization industry within each country by collaborating directly with local stakeholders.","start":12615.96,"end":12625.343,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Instead,","start":12615.96,"end":12616.33},{"text":"our","start":12616.779,"end":12617.004},{"text":"goal","start":12617.004,"end":12617.133},{"text":"is","start":12617.422,"end":12617.47},{"text":"to","start":12617.582,"end":12617.631},{"text":"foster","start":12617.663,"end":12618.193},{"text":"a","start":12618.289,"end":12618.37},{"text":"local","start":12618.37,"end":12618.675},{"text":"space","start":12618.691,"end":12618.98},{"text":"data","start":12619.109,"end":12619.382},{"text":"utilization","start":12619.414,"end":12620.025},{"text":"industry","start":12620.137,"end":12620.603},{"text":"within","start":12621.021,"end":12621.326},{"text":"each","start":12621.423,"end":12621.567},{"text":"country","start":12621.664,"end":12622.049},{"text":"by","start":12622.483,"end":12622.628},{"text":"collaborating","start":12622.628,"end":12623.254},{"text":"directly","start":12623.383,"end":12623.897},{"text":"with","start":12624.01,"end":12624.202},{"text":"local","start":12624.315,"end":12624.636},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":12624.636,"end":12625.343}]},{"text":"Active local involvement is vital because priorities and challenges vary from country to country, and local experts understand their unique needs best.","start":12626.725,"end":12636.944,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Active","start":12626.725,"end":12627.143},{"text":"local","start":12627.143,"end":12627.48},{"text":"involvement","start":12627.48,"end":12628.252},{"text":"is","start":12628.332,"end":12628.396},{"text":"vital","start":12628.509,"end":12628.975},{"text":"because","start":12629.392,"end":12629.842},{"text":"priorities","start":12629.939,"end":12630.646},{"text":"and","start":12630.678,"end":12630.822},{"text":"challenges","start":12630.822,"end":12631.369},{"text":"vary","start":12631.481,"end":12631.77},{"text":"from","start":12631.803,"end":12632.124},{"text":"country","start":12632.124,"end":12632.494},{"text":"to","start":12632.542,"end":12632.654},{"text":"country,","start":12632.67,"end":12633.056},{"text":"and","start":12633.634,"end":12633.795},{"text":"local","start":12633.795,"end":12634.197},{"text":"experts","start":12634.197,"end":12634.759},{"text":"understand","start":12634.775,"end":12635.386},{"text":"their","start":12635.418,"end":12635.579},{"text":"unique","start":12635.579,"end":12636.061},{"text":"needs","start":12636.061,"end":12636.35},{"text":"best.","start":12636.446,"end":12636.944}]},{"text":"We must also recognize that satellite data alone is not, is not a silver correct.","start":12639.033,"end":12644.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":12639.033,"end":12639.194},{"text":"must","start":12639.194,"end":12639.403},{"text":"also","start":12639.499,"end":12639.821},{"text":"recognize","start":12639.821,"end":12640.367},{"text":"that","start":12640.479,"end":12640.672},{"text":"satellite","start":12640.72,"end":12641.122},{"text":"data","start":12641.122,"end":12641.347},{"text":"alone","start":12641.347,"end":12641.652},{"text":"is","start":12641.926,"end":12642.054},{"text":"not,","start":12642.15,"end":12642.263},{"text":"is","start":12642.584,"end":12642.681},{"text":"not","start":12642.793,"end":12642.954},{"text":"a","start":12642.954,"end":12642.97},{"text":"silver","start":12642.97,"end":12643.404},{"text":"correct.","start":12643.44,"end":12644.38}]},{"text":"To develop truly effective, tangible solutions, we must combine satellite imagery with ground truth data and local expertise.","start":12644.38,"end":12653.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"To","start":12644.38,"end":12644.62},{"text":"develop","start":12644.62,"end":12645.14},{"text":"truly","start":12645.14,"end":12645.52},{"text":"effective,","start":12645.52,"end":12646.48},{"text":"tangible","start":12646.48,"end":12646.76},{"text":"solutions,","start":12646.76,"end":12647.92},{"text":"we","start":12647.92,"end":12647.94},{"text":"must","start":12647.94,"end":12648.239},{"text":"combine","start":12648.239,"end":12648.699},{"text":"satellite","start":12648.699,"end":12649.079},{"text":"imagery","start":12649.079,"end":12649.68},{"text":"with","start":12649.68,"end":12650.06},{"text":"ground","start":12650.06,"end":12650.42},{"text":"truth","start":12650.42,"end":12650.619},{"text":"data","start":12650.619,"end":12651.14},{"text":"and","start":12651.14,"end":12651.6},{"text":"local","start":12651.6,"end":12652},{"text":"expertise.","start":12652,"end":12653.15}]},{"text":"Because of this, standard products originally designed for developed nations rarely fit the specific requirements here.","start":12654.28,"end":12662.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":12654.28,"end":12654.58},{"text":"of","start":12654.58,"end":12654.88},{"text":"this,","start":12654.88,"end":12655.5},{"text":"standard","start":12655.5,"end":12655.719},{"text":"products","start":12655.719,"end":12656.219},{"text":"originally","start":12656.219,"end":12656.799},{"text":"designed","start":12656.799,"end":12657.2},{"text":"for","start":12657.2,"end":12657.4},{"text":"developed","start":12657.4,"end":12657.799},{"text":"nations","start":12657.799,"end":12658.479},{"text":"rarely","start":12658.479,"end":12659.26},{"text":"fit","start":12659.26,"end":12659.6},{"text":"the","start":12659.6,"end":12659.84},{"text":"specific","start":12659.84,"end":12660.28},{"text":"requirements","start":12660.28,"end":12660.8},{"text":"here.","start":12660.8,"end":12662.1}]},{"text":"At the same time, as a private commercial enterprise, we recognize that building a truly long-lasting Sustainable relationship requires a viable business 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generating immediate revenue can be challenging, meaning public procurement and support from the governments of Japan and African nations will be crucial in the initial phase, I am confident that this win-win approach will ultimately achieve the commercial viability needed to sustain independent local industries across the 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January of this year, Axospace signed a memorandum of understanding with a prominent local tech 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we achieve concrete outcomes, We plan to compile our methodologies into a playbook to replicate this successful co-creation model in other African 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some of you may know, the Japanese government recently established a Space Strategy Fund allocating ¥1 trillion, equivalent to over $60 billion, to support domestic space companies over the next 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this strong backing, we will accelerate our efforts to deliver impactful, tangible results together with our African 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sincerely look forward to presenting these upcoming milestones to you at a future COPERS meeting.","start":12793.961,"end":12799.869,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":12793.961,"end":12794.009},{"text":"sincerely","start":12794.057,"end":12794.619},{"text":"look","start":12794.619,"end":12794.796},{"text":"forward","start":12794.844,"end":12795.261},{"text":"to","start":12795.261,"end":12795.422},{"text":"presenting","start":12795.422,"end":12795.952},{"text":"these","start":12796.144,"end":12796.353},{"text":"upcoming","start":12796.53,"end":12796.995},{"text":"milestones","start":12797.011,"end":12797.557},{"text":"to","start":12797.67,"end":12797.894},{"text":"you","start":12797.894,"end":12798.087},{"text":"at","start":12798.392,"end":12798.537},{"text":"a","start":12798.537,"end":12798.553},{"text":"future","start":12798.553,"end":12799.018},{"text":"COPERS","start":12799.018,"end":12799.484},{"text":"meeting.","start":12799.596,"end":12799.869}]},{"text":"Thank you very 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approved.","start":12987.888,"end":12997.442,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":12987.888,"end":12987.969},{"text":"key","start":12988.033,"end":12988.145},{"text":"dates:","start":12988.274,"end":12988.659},{"text":"1961,","start":12989.012,"end":12990.345},{"text":"at","start":12990.698,"end":12990.779},{"text":"the","start":12990.779,"end":12990.859},{"text":"first","start":12990.859,"end":12991.325},{"text":"Antarctic","start":12991.325,"end":12991.903},{"text":"Treaty","start":12991.983,"end":12992.272},{"text":"Consultative","start":12992.288,"end":12993.027},{"text":"Meeting,","start":12993.027,"end":12993.396},{"text":"the","start":12993.99,"end":12994.07},{"text":"concept","start":12994.07,"end":12994.696},{"text":"of","start":12994.696,"end":12994.793},{"text":"historic","start":12994.793,"end":12995.339},{"text":"sites","start":12995.339,"end":12995.756},{"text":"and","start":12995.756,"end":12995.901},{"text":"monuments","start":12995.901,"end":12996.431},{"text":"was","start":12996.543,"end":12996.784},{"text":"approved.","start":12996.784,"end":12997.442}]},{"text":"1972, a formal list had been compiled, and then Later on, in the late 1980s, with agreement in 1991, the Environmental Protocol came into place and from 2002 prohibits the damage, removal, or destruction of listed sites and monuments.","start":12998.165,"end":13017.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"1972,","start":12998.165,"end":12999.337},{"text":"a","start":12999.433,"end":12999.449},{"text":"formal","start":12999.449,"end":12999.931},{"text":"list","start":12999.931,"end":13000.252},{"text":"had","start":13000.316,"end":13000.461},{"text":"been","start":13000.493,"end":13000.702},{"text":"compiled,","start":13000.718,"end":13001.392},{"text":"and","start":13002.018,"end":13002.082},{"text":"then","start":13002.179,"end":13002.468},{"text":"Later","start":13002.95,"end":13003.351},{"text":"on,","start":13003.367,"end":13003.511},{"text":"in","start":13003.704,"end":13003.736},{"text":"the","start":13003.865,"end":13003.929},{"text":"late","start":13003.945,"end":13004.186},{"text":"1980s,","start":13004.186,"end":13005.294},{"text":"with","start":13005.374,"end":13005.535},{"text":"agreement","start":13005.535,"end":13006.048},{"text":"in","start":13006.048,"end":13006.129},{"text":"1991,","start":13006.193,"end":13007.205},{"text":"the","start":13007.702,"end":13007.783},{"text":"Environmental","start":13007.783,"end":13008.521},{"text":"Protocol","start":13008.521,"end":13009.099},{"text":"came","start":13009.228,"end":13009.356},{"text":"into","start":13009.485,"end":13009.677},{"text":"place","start":13009.725,"end":13009.998},{"text":"and","start":13010.914,"end":13011.042},{"text":"from","start":13011.074,"end":13011.251},{"text":"2002","start":13011.331,"end":13012.551},{"text":"prohibits","start":13012.616,"end":13013.322},{"text":"the","start":13013.322,"end":13013.37},{"text":"damage,","start":13013.483,"end":13013.836},{"text":"removal,","start":13013.9,"end":13014.526},{"text":"or","start":13014.864,"end":13014.944},{"text":"destruction","start":13014.944,"end":13015.554},{"text":"of","start":13015.682,"end":13015.763},{"text":"listed","start":13015.827,"end":13016.244},{"text":"sites","start":13016.244,"end":13016.694},{"text":"and","start":13016.694,"end":13016.774},{"text":"monuments.","start":13016.774,"end":13017.4}]},{"text":"The system has not been without difficulty.","start":13018.38,"end":13020.965,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13018.38,"end":13018.46},{"text":"system","start":13018.46,"end":13018.974},{"text":"has","start":13019.022,"end":13019.247},{"text":"not","start":13019.295,"end":13019.632},{"text":"been","start":13019.664,"end":13019.809},{"text":"without","start":13019.905,"end":13020.194},{"text":"difficulty.","start":13020.323,"end":13020.965}]},{"text":"Through the 2010s, there were concerns raised among the parties about representativeness and credibility.","start":13021.543,"end":13028.174,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Through","start":13021.543,"end":13021.816},{"text":"the","start":13021.832,"end":13021.928},{"text":"2010s,","start":13021.928,"end":13022.266},{"text":"there","start":13022.394,"end":13022.972},{"text":"were","start":13022.972,"end":13023.084},{"text":"concerns","start":13023.133,"end":13023.823},{"text":"raised","start":13023.839,"end":13024.241},{"text":"among","start":13024.241,"end":13024.465},{"text":"the","start":13024.497,"end":13024.642},{"text":"parties","start":13024.642,"end":13025.108},{"text":"about","start":13025.204,"end":13025.413},{"text":"representativeness","start":13025.525,"end":13026.617},{"text":"and","start":13027.211,"end":13027.356},{"text":"credibility.","start":13027.388,"end":13028.174}]},{"text":"In 2022, a new assessment and management guidelines were adopted.","start":13028.736,"end":13034.597,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":13028.736,"end":13028.785},{"text":"2022,","start":13028.833,"end":13029.892},{"text":"a","start":13030.503,"end":13030.519},{"text":"new","start":13030.519,"end":13030.904},{"text":"assessment","start":13031,"end":13031.787},{"text":"and","start":13031.867,"end":13032.044},{"text":"management","start":13032.044,"end":13032.767},{"text":"guidelines","start":13032.767,"end":13033.505},{"text":"were","start":13033.955,"end":13034.051},{"text":"adopted.","start":13034.051,"end":13034.597}]},{"text":"For further information, refer to the Committee for Environmental 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itself.","start":13039.51,"end":13043.428,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13039.51,"end":13039.591},{"text":"system","start":13039.591,"end":13040.008},{"text":"identified","start":13040.072,"end":13040.955},{"text":"issues","start":13040.955,"end":13041.245},{"text":"of","start":13041.341,"end":13041.405},{"text":"concern","start":13041.437,"end":13041.967},{"text":"and","start":13042.465,"end":13042.545},{"text":"reformed","start":13042.561,"end":13043.027},{"text":"itself.","start":13043.027,"end":13043.428}]},{"text":"That too is part of the lesson.","start":13043.91,"end":13045.451,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That","start":13043.91,"end":13044.07},{"text":"too","start":13044.151,"end":13044.279},{"text":"is","start":13044.392,"end":13044.456},{"text":"part","start":13044.568,"end":13044.889},{"text":"of","start":13044.889,"end":13044.954},{"text":"the","start":13044.954,"end":13045.05},{"text":"lesson.","start":13045.05,"end":13045.451}]},{"text":"In contrast with the Antarctic Treaty System, I would note that UNESCO World Heritage nomination documentation is significantly significantly more comprehensive.","start":13046.334,"end":13055.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":13046.334,"end":13046.463},{"text":"contrast","start":13046.479,"end":13047.041},{"text":"with","start":13047.041,"end":13047.202},{"text":"the","start":13047.202,"end":13047.298},{"text":"Antarctic","start":13047.298,"end":13047.86},{"text":"Treaty","start":13047.86,"end":13048.181},{"text":"System,","start":13048.181,"end":13048.631},{"text":"I","start":13049.128,"end":13049.176},{"text":"would","start":13049.209,"end":13049.337},{"text":"note","start":13049.385,"end":13049.851},{"text":"that","start":13049.851,"end":13049.915},{"text":"UNESCO","start":13050.027,"end":13050.557},{"text":"World","start":13050.589,"end":13050.83},{"text":"Heritage","start":13050.83,"end":13051.408},{"text":"nomination","start":13051.408,"end":13052.002},{"text":"documentation","start":13052.115,"end":13052.95},{"text":"is","start":13053.399,"end":13053.48},{"text":"significantly","start":13053.48,"end":13054.09},{"text":"significantly","start":13054.11,"end":13054.37},{"text":"more","start":13054.37,"end":13054.63},{"text":"comprehensive.","start":13054.63,"end":13055.28}]},{"text":"And in this, to repeat, ICOMOS is an official advisory body to UNESCO's World Heritage Committee.","start":13056.07,"end":13063.309,"topics":[{"key":"multilateral-governance","label":"Multilateral Space Governance","description":"A recurring theme was the central role of COPUOS and UNOOSA as inclusive, consensus-based forums for shaping global space governance. Several statements emphasized the need to keep space discussions coordinated across UN bodies while avoiding mandate overlap and preserving multilateral cooperation."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":13056.07,"end":13056.11},{"text":"in","start":13056.11,"end":13056.23},{"text":"this,","start":13056.23,"end":13056.53},{"text":"to","start":13057.05,"end":13057.05},{"text":"repeat,","start":13057.05,"end":13058.11},{"text":"ICOMOS","start":13058.11,"end":13058.23},{"text":"is","start":13058.23,"end":13058.51},{"text":"an","start":13058.51,"end":13058.829},{"text":"official","start":13058.829,"end":13059.209},{"text":"advisory","start":13059.209,"end":13059.89},{"text":"body","start":13059.89,"end":13060.409},{"text":"to","start":13060.409,"end":13060.85},{"text":"UNESCO's","start":13060.85,"end":13061.55},{"text":"World","start":13061.55,"end":13061.829},{"text":"Heritage","start":13061.829,"end":13062.21},{"text":"Committee.","start":13062.21,"end":13063.309}]},{"text":"How does the Antarctic Treaty System provide heritage protection?","start":13065.33,"end":13068.82,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"How","start":13065.33,"end":13065.43},{"text":"does","start":13065.43,"end":13065.69},{"text":"the","start":13065.69,"end":13066.03},{"text":"Antarctic","start":13066.03,"end":13066.35},{"text":"Treaty","start":13066.35,"end":13066.63},{"text":"System","start":13066.63,"end":13067.11},{"text":"provide","start":13067.11,"end":13067.53},{"text":"heritage","start":13067.53,"end":13067.969},{"text":"protection?","start":13067.969,"end":13068.82}]},{"text":"A party or parties jointly make a formal proposal.","start":13068.95,"end":13072.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":13068.95,"end":13069.149},{"text":"party","start":13069.149,"end":13069.51},{"text":"or","start":13069.51,"end":13069.729},{"text":"parties","start":13069.729,"end":13070.29},{"text":"jointly","start":13070.29,"end":13070.75},{"text":"make","start":13070.75,"end":13071.07},{"text":"a","start":13071.07,"end":13071.23},{"text":"formal","start":13071.23,"end":13071.55},{"text":"proposal.","start":13071.55,"end":13072.35}]},{"text":"It must establish recognized historic value, identification, location, historical context, and assessment against agreed criteria.","start":13072.75,"end":13082.217,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":13072.75,"end":13072.93},{"text":"must","start":13072.93,"end":13073.19},{"text":"establish","start":13073.19,"end":13073.75},{"text":"recognized","start":13073.75,"end":13074.41},{"text":"historic","start":13074.41,"end":13074.99},{"text":"value,","start":13074.99,"end":13075.99},{"text":"identification,","start":13075.99,"end":13077.21},{"text":"location,","start":13077.21,"end":13077.95},{"text":"historical","start":13077.95,"end":13078.27},{"text":"context,","start":13078.27,"end":13079.49},{"text":"and","start":13079.49,"end":13079.61},{"text":"assessment","start":13079.556,"end":13080.213},{"text":"against","start":13080.614,"end":13081.078},{"text":"agreed","start":13081.078,"end":13081.479},{"text":"criteria.","start":13081.559,"end":13082.217}]},{"text":"Proposals may also include a conservation management plan, environmental impact assessment, educational material, and site 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specially protected scientific interest or managed 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proposal is referred to the Committee for Environmental Protection for expert expert review, then to the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting where the decision is taken by 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essential features: state-initiated, criteria-based, expert-reviewed, decided by consensus.","start":13113.169,"end":13121.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13113.169,"end":13113.27},{"text":"essential","start":13113.27,"end":13113.79},{"text":"features:","start":13113.79,"end":13114.87},{"text":"state-initiated,","start":13114.87,"end":13116.649},{"text":"criteria-based,","start":13116.649,"end":13118.35},{"text":"expert-reviewed,","start":13118.35,"end":13119.93},{"text":"decided","start":13119.93,"end":13120.27},{"text":"by","start":13120.27,"end":13120.59},{"text":"consensus.","start":13120.59,"end":13121.44}]},{"text":"Turning to the moon, the intellectual framework is already substantial.","start":13123.79,"end":13127.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":13123.79,"end":13124.01},{"text":"to","start":13124.01,"end":13124.25},{"text":"the","start":13124.25,"end":13124.41},{"text":"moon,","start":13124.41,"end":13124.93},{"text":"the","start":13124.93,"end":13125.01},{"text":"intellectual","start":13125.01,"end":13125.51},{"text":"framework","start":13125.51,"end":13126.07},{"text":"is","start":13126.07,"end":13126.33},{"text":"already","start":13126.33,"end":13126.71},{"text":"substantial.","start":13126.71,"end":13127.93}]},{"text":"The Artemis Accords of 2020 commit signatories to the preservation of outer space 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artifacts.","start":13133.88,"end":13139.919,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"NASA's","start":13133.88,"end":13134.28},{"text":"2011","start":13134.28,"end":13134.94},{"text":"recommendations","start":13134.94,"end":13135.92},{"text":"addressed","start":13135.92,"end":13136.359},{"text":"the","start":13136.359,"end":13136.699},{"text":"protection","start":13136.699,"end":13137.22},{"text":"of","start":13137.22,"end":13137.739},{"text":"historic","start":13137.739,"end":13138.3},{"text":"lunar","start":13138.3,"end":13138.619},{"text":"artifacts.","start":13138.619,"end":13139.919}]},{"text":"The scholarly literature has robust foundations, from Savilev and Herodinov in 2020 to Xu and Li's 2025 framework for outer space protection.","start":13140.4,"end":13154.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13140.4,"end":13140.58},{"text":"scholarly","start":13140.58,"end":13141.02},{"text":"literature","start":13141.02,"end":13141.62},{"text":"has","start":13141.62,"end":13141.919},{"text":"robust","start":13141.919,"end":13142.4},{"text":"foundations,","start":13142.4,"end":13143.599},{"text":"from","start":13143.94,"end":13143.98},{"text":"Savilev","start":13143.98,"end":13144.759},{"text":"and","start":13144.759,"end":13145.32},{"text":"Herodinov","start":13145.32,"end":13146.4},{"text":"in","start":13146.4,"end":13146.679},{"text":"2020","start":13146.679,"end":13147.66},{"text":"to","start":13147.66,"end":13148.14},{"text":"Xu","start":13148.14,"end":13148.5},{"text":"and","start":13148.5,"end":13149.02},{"text":"Li's","start":13149.02,"end":13149.82},{"text":"2025","start":13149.82,"end":13151.24},{"text":"framework","start":13151.24,"end":13151.86},{"text":"for","start":13151.86,"end":13152.16},{"text":"outer","start":13152.16,"end":13152.48},{"text":"space","start":13152.48,"end":13152.76},{"text":"protection.","start":13152.76,"end":13154.1}]},{"text":"ECOMOS charters, doctrinal texts, and guidelines provide a foundation on which this can be built.","start":13154.1,"end":13160.592,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"ECOMOS","start":13154.1,"end":13154.5},{"text":"charters,","start":13154.5,"end":13155.32},{"text":"doctrinal","start":13155.32,"end":13155.72},{"text":"texts,","start":13155.72,"end":13156.56},{"text":"and","start":13156.602,"end":13156.826},{"text":"guidelines","start":13156.826,"end":13157.451},{"text":"provide","start":13157.868,"end":13158.268},{"text":"a","start":13158.268,"end":13158.3},{"text":"foundation","start":13158.3,"end":13159.037},{"text":"on","start":13159.406,"end":13159.55},{"text":"which","start":13159.55,"end":13159.775},{"text":"this","start":13159.807,"end":13159.983},{"text":"can","start":13160.031,"end":13160.175},{"text":"be","start":13160.207,"end":13160.367},{"text":"built.","start":13160.367,"end":13160.592}]},{"text":"I also acknowledge fellow expert advocates for all mankind and the Moon Village.","start":13161.329,"end":13167.194,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":13161.329,"end":13161.377},{"text":"also","start":13161.473,"end":13161.73},{"text":"acknowledge","start":13161.73,"end":13162.29},{"text":"fellow","start":13162.355,"end":13162.675},{"text":"expert","start":13162.835,"end":13163.316},{"text":"advocates","start":13163.396,"end":13163.861},{"text":"for","start":13164.037,"end":13164.133},{"text":"all","start":13164.277,"end":13164.326},{"text":"mankind","start":13164.518,"end":13165.816},{"text":"and","start":13166.2,"end":13166.297},{"text":"the","start":13166.297,"end":13166.441},{"text":"Moon","start":13166.441,"end":13166.761},{"text":"Village.","start":13166.761,"end":13167.194}]},{"text":"The question is how protection might be part of an international legal mechanism.","start":13167.803,"end":13172.562,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13167.803,"end":13167.883},{"text":"question","start":13167.883,"end":13168.444},{"text":"is","start":13168.444,"end":13168.508},{"text":"how","start":13168.604,"end":13168.7},{"text":"protection","start":13168.7,"end":13169.309},{"text":"might","start":13169.758,"end":13169.966},{"text":"be","start":13170.062,"end":13170.223},{"text":"part","start":13170.223,"end":13170.639},{"text":"of","start":13170.687,"end":13170.783},{"text":"an","start":13170.783,"end":13170.832},{"text":"international","start":13170.864,"end":13171.585},{"text":"legal","start":13171.585,"end":13171.873},{"text":"mechanism.","start":13171.905,"end":13172.562}]},{"text":"Whoops.","start":13172.931,"end":13173.187,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Whoops.","start":13172.931,"end":13173.187}]},{"text":"Sorry, how do I get backwards?","start":13175.35,"end":13177.642,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Sorry,","start":13175.35,"end":13175.479},{"text":"how","start":13175.751,"end":13175.783},{"text":"do","start":13175.911,"end":13175.959},{"text":"I","start":13176.168,"end":13176.2},{"text":"get","start":13176.504,"end":13176.873},{"text":"backwards?","start":13176.937,"end":13177.642}]},{"text":"My apologies, colleagues.","start":13177.995,"end":13179.084,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":13177.995,"end":13178.139},{"text":"apologies,","start":13178.139,"end":13178.603},{"text":"colleagues.","start":13178.7,"end":13179.084}]},{"text":"I will just keep talking.","start":13179.196,"end":13180.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":13179.196,"end":13179.309},{"text":"will","start":13179.341,"end":13179.565},{"text":"just","start":13179.581,"end":13179.757},{"text":"keep","start":13179.757,"end":13179.934},{"text":"talking.","start":13179.998,"end":13180.35}]},{"text":"And in the idea here is— right, this brings me to an illustrative example, and that is how could a heritage lunar legal mechanism come into effect within the Outer Space Treaty?","start":13180.863,"end":13204.63,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. The debate centered on how to develop rules on resource use, due regard, and non-appropriation within COPUOS and through consensus-based processes."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":13180.863,"end":13181.167},{"text":"in","start":13181.28,"end":13181.408},{"text":"the","start":13181.44,"end":13181.584},{"text":"idea","start":13181.584,"end":13182.065},{"text":"here","start":13182.065,"end":13182.53},{"text":"is—","start":13187.019,"end":13187.87},{"text":"right,","start":13187.87,"end":13193.11},{"text":"this","start":13193.11,"end":13193.57},{"text":"brings","start":13193.57,"end":13193.829},{"text":"me","start":13193.829,"end":13194.11},{"text":"to","start":13194.11,"end":13194.21},{"text":"an","start":13194.21,"end":13194.31},{"text":"illustrative","start":13194.31,"end":13194.87},{"text":"example,","start":13194.87,"end":13195.57},{"text":"and","start":13195.65,"end":13196.21},{"text":"that","start":13196.21,"end":13196.47},{"text":"is","start":13196.47,"end":13196.81},{"text":"how","start":13196.81,"end":13197.03},{"text":"could","start":13197.03,"end":13197.29},{"text":"a","start":13197.29,"end":13197.39},{"text":"heritage","start":13197.39,"end":13198.01},{"text":"lunar","start":13198.01,"end":13198.85},{"text":"legal","start":13198.85,"end":13199.35},{"text":"mechanism","start":13199.35,"end":13200.11},{"text":"come","start":13200.11,"end":13200.65},{"text":"into","start":13200.65,"end":13200.91},{"text":"effect","start":13200.91,"end":13201.53},{"text":"within","start":13201.53,"end":13202.35},{"text":"the","start":13202.35,"end":13202.85},{"text":"Outer","start":13202.85,"end":13203.21},{"text":"Space","start":13203.21,"end":13203.49},{"text":"Treaty?","start":13203.49,"end":13204.63}]},{"text":"Clearly what we're looking at here is the protection of outer space heritage heritage as a collective interest of humankind.","start":13204.63,"end":13211.42,"topics":[{"key":"space-resources","label":"Space Resources and Lunar Governance","description":"Delegations discussed the legal and policy questions surrounding the exploration and use of space resources, including lunar activities. 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that, it is now my pleasure to invite the IAF President Gabriella Arrigo to continue our 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the AC are the IAF Global Conferences, which address specific themes of the regional priorities, fostering in-depth technical exchange and strengthening both global and local 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this flagship event ensures that the IAF remains a central international cooperation facilitator of of the global space community, transforming dialogue into action and values into practical 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also organized the IAF International Meeting for Ministers and Members of Parliament.","start":13740.233,"end":13745.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":13740.233,"end":13740.329},{"text":"also","start":13740.377,"end":13740.554},{"text":"organized","start":13740.554,"end":13741.084},{"text":"the","start":13741.116,"end":13741.196},{"text":"IAF","start":13741.196,"end":13741.533},{"text":"International","start":13741.598,"end":13742.208},{"text":"Meeting","start":13742.24,"end":13742.529},{"text":"for","start":13742.866,"end":13742.978},{"text":"Ministers","start":13742.978,"end":13743.492},{"text":"and","start":13743.524,"end":13743.589},{"text":"Members","start":13743.685,"end":13744.054},{"text":"of","start":13744.247,"end":13744.343},{"text":"Parliament.","start":13744.472,"end":13745.21}]},{"text":"The IAF MMOP provides police makers with direct access to the latest development in the space sector, while enabling the space community a valuable opportunity to better 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needs.","start":13746.077,"end":13762.889,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13746.077,"end":13746.142},{"text":"IAF","start":13746.158,"end":13746.382},{"text":"MMOP","start":13746.655,"end":13747.539},{"text":"provides","start":13747.86,"end":13748.309},{"text":"police","start":13748.39,"end":13748.727},{"text":"makers","start":13748.743,"end":13749.112},{"text":"with","start":13749.224,"end":13749.433},{"text":"direct","start":13749.546,"end":13749.947},{"text":"access","start":13750.092,"end":13750.573},{"text":"to","start":13750.573,"end":13750.718},{"text":"the","start":13750.975,"end":13751.151},{"text":"latest","start":13751.151,"end":13751.649},{"text":"development","start":13751.697,"end":13752.404},{"text":"in","start":13752.677,"end":13752.725},{"text":"the","start":13752.757,"end":13752.837},{"text":"space","start":13752.837,"end":13753.11},{"text":"sector,","start":13753.19,"end":13753.64},{"text":"while","start":13754.347,"end":13754.764},{"text":"enabling","start":13754.764,"end":13755.214},{"text":"the","start":13755.246,"end":13755.342},{"text":"space","start":13755.342,"end":13755.727},{"text":"community","start":13755.727,"end":13756.338},{"text":"a","start":13756.594,"end":13756.675},{"text":"valuable","start":13756.755,"end":13757.221},{"text":"opportunity","start":13757.317,"end":13757.991},{"text":"to","start":13758.12,"end":13758.345},{"text":"better","start":13758.377,"end":13758.826},{"text":"understand","start":13758.923,"end":13759.549},{"text":"governmental","start":13759.822,"end":13760.593},{"text":"priorities","start":13760.689,"end":13761.315},{"text":"and","start":13761.508,"end":13761.572},{"text":"societal","start":13761.588,"end":13762.134},{"text":"needs.","start":13762.487,"end":13762.889}]},{"text":"I would also like to highlight here at COBUS the longstanding tradition of the UNIF Workshops on Space Technology for for socioeconomic benefit, convened in conjunction with the International Astronautical 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the world needs more space, we look forward to the 77th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2026, in Antalya.","start":13782.829,"end":13792.461,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":13782.829,"end":13782.894},{"text":"the","start":13782.926,"end":13783.134},{"text":"world","start":13783.15,"end":13783.342},{"text":"needs","start":13783.39,"end":13783.615},{"text":"more","start":13783.791,"end":13783.983},{"text":"space,","start":13784.063,"end":13784.576},{"text":"we","start":13784.768,"end":13784.849},{"text":"look","start":13784.849,"end":13785.073},{"text":"forward","start":13785.089,"end":13785.634},{"text":"to","start":13785.634,"end":13785.746},{"text":"the","start":13785.746,"end":13785.922},{"text":"77th","start":13785.97,"end":13786.852},{"text":"International","start":13786.852,"end":13787.461},{"text":"Astronautical","start":13787.461,"end":13788.07},{"text":"Congress,","start":13788.134,"end":13788.727},{"text":"IAC","start":13789.56,"end":13790.041},{"text":"2026,","start":13790.041,"end":13791.579},{"text":"in","start":13791.723,"end":13791.771},{"text":"Antalya.","start":13791.82,"end":13792.461}]},{"text":"I would like to encourage you to also mark your calendars for future editions of the Congress.","start":13792.605,"end":13799.319,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":13792.605,"end":13792.637},{"text":"would","start":13792.701,"end":13792.845},{"text":"like","start":13792.845,"end":13793.005},{"text":"to","start":13793.005,"end":13793.182},{"text":"encourage","start":13793.326,"end":13793.967},{"text":"you","start":13793.967,"end":13794.079},{"text":"to","start":13794.384,"end":13794.592},{"text":"also","start":13794.704,"end":13795.121},{"text":"mark","start":13795.65,"end":13796.066},{"text":"your","start":13796.066,"end":13796.387},{"text":"calendars","start":13796.387,"end":13797.076},{"text":"for","start":13797.332,"end":13797.46},{"text":"future","start":13797.508,"end":13797.973},{"text":"editions","start":13798.214,"end":13798.758},{"text":"of","start":13798.935,"end":13799.031},{"text":"the","start":13799.031,"end":13799.175},{"text":"Congress.","start":13799.175,"end":13799.319}]},{"text":"Congress.","start":13799.48,"end":13799.752,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Congress.","start":13799.48,"end":13799.752}]},{"text":"The 78th edition of the IC will be held in Poznań, Poland, from September 27th to October 1st, 2027, under the spirit theme One Space, Shared Future, followed by the 79th edition of the International Protocol Congress in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, from 9th to 13th October 2028, under the theme Rooted in the past, reaching for the 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to host the 18th International Astronautical Congress have been submitted by 3 distinguished IAF 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2026 in Antalya.","start":13841.412,"end":13854.334,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":13841.412,"end":13841.492},{"text":"successful","start":13841.508,"end":13842.343},{"text":"bid","start":13842.375,"end":13842.824},{"text":"will","start":13842.841,"end":13842.985},{"text":"be","start":13843.162,"end":13843.354},{"text":"announced","start":13843.483,"end":13844.301},{"text":"during","start":13844.622,"end":13844.911},{"text":"the","start":13844.943,"end":13845.168},{"text":"IAF","start":13845.248,"end":13845.713},{"text":"General","start":13845.81,"end":13846.211},{"text":"Assembly","start":13846.211,"end":13846.837},{"text":"on","start":13847.094,"end":13847.318},{"text":"9","start":13847.415,"end":13847.72},{"text":"October","start":13847.832,"end":13848.57},{"text":"2026","start":13848.795,"end":13850.416},{"text":"at","start":13850.48,"end":13850.625},{"text":"the","start":13850.625,"end":13851.106},{"text":"2026","start":13851.7,"end":13853.065},{"text":"in","start":13853.21,"end":13853.338},{"text":"Antalya.","start":13853.755,"end":13854.334}]},{"text":"Dear colleagues, I am pleased to officially announce that the IF Global Space and Ocean Conference, GSOC 2027, will be held in the Maldives from 3 May to 5 May 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prestigious event will be proudly hosted by the Maldives Space Research Organization.","start":13873.585,"end":13880.153,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":13873.585,"end":13873.842},{"text":"prestigious","start":13873.842,"end":13874.452},{"text":"event","start":13874.645,"end":13875.287},{"text":"will","start":13875.352,"end":13875.448},{"text":"be","start":13875.448,"end":13875.689},{"text":"proudly","start":13875.689,"end":13876.251},{"text":"hosted","start":13876.556,"end":13877.054},{"text":"by","start":13877.054,"end":13877.278},{"text":"the","start":13877.278,"end":13877.471},{"text":"Maldives","start":13877.519,"end":13878.017},{"text":"Space","start":13878.033,"end":13878.547},{"text":"Research","start":13878.659,"end":13879.221},{"text":"Organization.","start":13879.382,"end":13880.153}]},{"text":"As island nations increasingly face the impact of climate change and environmental challenges, the Conference 2027 will provide a timely platform to explore the vital connections between space technologies, ocean sustainability, and global 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the successful 7th International Space Forum, the Southeast Asia chapter held in Philippines in December 2025, it's my distinct honor to announce that this year, 10 years after its creation in Trento, Italy, a special international edition will take place on November 23rd, 2026 in Rome under the theme Space for Peace, co-organized by International Astronautical Federation and the Italian Space 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to today, Yes.","start":14209.13,"end":14214.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moving","start":14209.13,"end":14209.89},{"text":"to","start":14209.89,"end":14210.25},{"text":"today,","start":14210.25,"end":14210.79},{"text":"Yes.","start":14213.79,"end":14214.59}]},{"text":"Moving to today, we have— yes, here we are, sorry.","start":14214.59,"end":14222.869,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moving","start":14214.59,"end":14214.59},{"text":"to","start":14214.59,"end":14214.93},{"text":"today,","start":14214.93,"end":14216.389},{"text":"we","start":14216.389,"end":14216.389},{"text":"have—","start":14216.389,"end":14218.13},{"text":"yes,","start":14218.13,"end":14220.61},{"text":"here","start":14220.61,"end":14220.89},{"text":"we","start":14220.89,"end":14220.97},{"text":"are,","start":14220.97,"end":14221.11},{"text":"sorry.","start":14221.11,"end":14222.869}]},{"text":"Moving to today, we have now about 12,000 active 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many are left depends on their altitude of the latitude of the observatory, the season, etc. In 10 years from now, a plausible extrapolation would give about 400,000 satellites.","start":14253.35,"end":14272.09,"topics":[{"key":"astronomy-protection","label":"Protection of Astronomy and Scientific Services","description":"Some interventions focused on the impact of large satellite constellations on radio astronomy and optical observations. 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The discussion emphasized finding balanced solutions that preserve scientific research while also allowing connectivity and other satellite-based services to expand."}],"words":[{"text":"Even","start":14313.827,"end":14313.972},{"text":"though","start":14314.084,"end":14314.212},{"text":"the","start":14314.244,"end":14314.325},{"text":"satellites","start":14314.325,"end":14315.078},{"text":"are","start":14315.11,"end":14315.383},{"text":"very","start":14316.089,"end":14316.377},{"text":"fast","start":14316.409,"end":14317.067},{"text":"and","start":14317.067,"end":14319.12},{"text":"stay","start":14317.34,"end":14317.564},{"text":"only","start":14317.597,"end":14317.902},{"text":"a","start":14318.48,"end":14318.496},{"text":"fraction","start":14318.496,"end":14318.93},{"text":"of","start":14318.978,"end":14319.058},{"text":"a","start":14319.058,"end":14319.09},{"text":"second","start":14319.122,"end":14319.685},{"text":"in","start":14319.685,"end":14319.733},{"text":"the","start":14319.781,"end":14319.861},{"text":"field","start":14319.861,"end":14320.183},{"text":"of","start":14320.183,"end":14320.231},{"text":"view.","start":14320.247,"end":14320.44}]},{"text":"They are so bright that they leave a trail, and the— that means that all the pixels behind the trails are lost for science.","start":14320.584,"end":14329.772,"topics":[{"key":"astronomy-protection","label":"Protection of Astronomy and Scientific Services","description":"Some interventions focused on the impact of large satellite constellations on radio astronomy and optical observations. 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