{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/ru/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/ru/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k16/k16dt83hlz","kaltura_id":"1_6dt83hlz","title":"IIMM - Press Briefing: Annual Report","clean_title":"IIMM - Press Briefing: Annual Report","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz","date":"2026-08-11T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-08-11T08:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"00:20:29","category":"Press Conferences","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k16/k16dt83hlz"},"metadata":{"summary":"Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar : launch of IIMM's Annual Report","description":"Highlights from the Mechanism's eighth Annual Report\nThe Mechanism advanced its investigations into aerial attacks by the Myanmar military against civilians, identifying some of the military units responsible and their respective command structures.\n\nIts investigations into arbitrary arrests and crimes in military-run detention facilities also progressed, including cases linked to the 2025 law criminalizing criticism of the elections. The Mechanism also investigated allegations of reproductive violence affecting detained women and girls.\n\nThe conflict in Rakhine State intensified significantly, and the Mechanism advanced its investigations into arbitrary detention, torture, forced displacement and restrictions on humanitarian assistance committed against Rohingya, Rakhine and other communities by all perpetrators, including members of the Arakan Army.\n\nThe Mechanism made significant contributions to the proceedings in The Gambia v. Myanmar before the International Court of Justice by providing extensive evidence and analysis to the parties, which were widely referenced during the public hearings held in January 2026.\n\nUN Geneva press briefing summary:\nAnnual Report of the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar\nNicholas Koumjian, Head of the Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM), presented the Mechanism's eighth annual report.\n\nThe Human Rights Council had established the Mechanism in 2018 to collect evidence of the most serious international crimes committed in Myanmar since 2011, in order to facilitate criminal prosecutions in national or international courts. The IIMM now concentrated on the situation of the Rohingya; on the ongoing conflict in Rakhine State; and on the violence related to the post-coup situation and the conflict between various armed forces opposed to the military junta and the military forces.\n\nThe Mechanism noted that many airstrikes were targeting schools and hospitals, with children often the victims. The team collected evidence where the airstrikes occurred, including the kind of munitions used, the command structure and how the orders were given. The Mechanism was also very concerned by crimes in detention: tens of thousands had been arrested since the coup, and the IIMM had collected testimonies of individuals about torture and sexual violence in detention. The Mechanism was collecting evidence to share with courts that may have the ability and willingness to exercise jurisdiction over those offenses.\n\nThe team relied very much on brave individuals who were willing to share their testimonies; it had thus collected information from over 1600 sources.\n\nThe Mechanism was not a court and not police. It depended upon courts and judicial authorities taking interest in its cases and having the willingness to prosecute them. So far, the Mechanism had shared evidence the International Criminal Court, which has an investigation about the Rohingya in 2017 and earlier, violence against the Rohingya - back in November of 2024, the ICC prosecutor announced a request he was requesting an arrest warrant for Myanmar's military leader Min Aung Hlaing; with the Federal prosecutor's office in Argentina, which had responded to a complaint filed by Rohingya victims living in the UK and in Bangladesh. The Mechanism had also shared evidence and analysis with parties at the International Court of Justice, in a civil case where the Gambia had alleged that, as a signatory to the Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, Myanmar, another signatory, had violated its obligations.\n\nThe Mechanism continued to look for opportunities to share evidence, including determining whether those who were providing, from outside, the means – such as weapons – for the crimes committed in Myanmar could be in violation of national laws or sanctions.\n\nAnswering questions from the press, Mr. Koumjian said the investigation in Argentina was looking at whether individuals had contributed to crimes under international law; the International Court of Justice was trying to determine whether the State of Myanmar itself had violated its obligations under the Genocide Convention. These processes were important to keep the matter before the public, reminding potential perpetrators that those who commit such crimes could be held to account.\n\nThe Mechanism was not looking at establishing States' responsibility for supplying weapons. It was looking at whether individuals, including individuals who may be part of a corporation or business, had provided the means for the crimes. It was possible to hold them responsible under \"aiding and abetting\" under international criminal law, if it could be shown that they knew they had contributed, or were still contributing, to the crimes.\n\nRegarding air strikes, Mr. Koumjian noted that the military was the only force with airplanes in Myanmar. Opposition groups had used drones: the Mechanism was looking into allegations regarding this usage, and the drones' origin. It was investigating another allegation according to which the military had bombed detention facilities where some of its own soldiers and their families were present.","categories":["Media","Press Conferences"],"geographic_subject":["MYANMAR"],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"Myanmar Mechanism investigations reveal deliberate attacks on civilians by the Myanmar military – Annual Report","url":"https://iimm.un.org/en/myanmar-mechanism-investigations-reveal-deliberate-attacks-civilians-myanmar-military-annual-report"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-ec1e1f90-a88f-4563-a992-a5370c1ef77d","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":2.67,"pageUrl":"/ru/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz?lang=en&t=3","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Very good morning and thank you for joining us here at the UN office at Geneva for this prequel to our regular briefing.","start":2.67,"end":9.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Very","start":2.67,"end":2.91},{"text":"good","start":2.91,"end":3.23},{"text":"morning","start":3.23,"end":3.79},{"text":"and","start":3.79,"end":4.11},{"text":"thank","start":4.11,"end":4.31},{"text":"you","start":4.31,"end":4.39},{"text":"for","start":4.39,"end":4.51},{"text":"joining","start":4.51,"end":4.83},{"text":"us","start":4.83,"end":4.95},{"text":"here","start":4.95,"end":5.19},{"text":"at","start":5.19,"end":5.31},{"text":"the","start":5.31,"end":5.39},{"text":"UN","start":5.39,"end":5.63},{"text":"office","start":5.63,"end":5.87},{"text":"at","start":5.87,"end":6.03},{"text":"Geneva","start":6.03,"end":6.35},{"text":"for","start":6.35,"end":6.83},{"text":"this","start":6.83,"end":7.39},{"text":"prequel","start":7.55,"end":8.03},{"text":"to","start":8.03,"end":8.23},{"text":"our","start":8.23,"end":8.39},{"text":"regular","start":8.39,"end":8.79},{"text":"briefing.","start":8.79,"end":9.31}]},{"text":"Very pleased to welcome Mr. Nicholas Kungjyan, head of the independent investigative mechanism for Myanmar, otherwise known as the IIMM.","start":9.31,"end":17.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Very","start":9.31,"end":9.55},{"text":"pleased","start":9.55,"end":9.87},{"text":"to","start":9.87,"end":10.03},{"text":"welcome","start":10.03,"end":10.39},{"text":"Mr.","start":10.39,"end":10.75},{"text":"Nicholas","start":10.75,"end":11.15},{"text":"Kungjyan,","start":11.15,"end":11.71},{"text":"head","start":11.71,"end":11.99},{"text":"of","start":11.99,"end":12.11},{"text":"the","start":12.11,"end":12.23},{"text":"independent","start":12.23,"end":12.91},{"text":"investigative","start":13.15,"end":13.95},{"text":"mechanism","start":13.95,"end":14.67},{"text":"for","start":14.67,"end":14.91},{"text":"Myanmar,","start":14.91,"end":15.51},{"text":"otherwise","start":15.51,"end":15.87},{"text":"known","start":15.87,"end":16.03},{"text":"as","start":16.07,"end":16.27},{"text":"the","start":16.27,"end":16.43},{"text":"IIMM.","start":16.67,"end":17.87}]},{"text":"which you know was established by the Human Rights Council back in 2018.","start":18.55,"end":22.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"which","start":18.55,"end":19.15},{"text":"you","start":19.15,"end":19.39},{"text":"know","start":19.39,"end":19.71},{"text":"was","start":19.71,"end":19.91},{"text":"established","start":19.91,"end":20.43},{"text":"by","start":20.43,"end":20.59},{"text":"the","start":20.59,"end":20.71},{"text":"Human","start":20.71,"end":20.99},{"text":"Rights","start":20.99,"end":21.23},{"text":"Council","start":21.23,"end":21.63},{"text":"back","start":21.63,"end":21.87},{"text":"in","start":21.87,"end":21.95},{"text":"2018.","start":21.95,"end":22.79}]},{"text":"Mr. Khumjian has been in his role since 2019.","start":22.79,"end":26.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":22.79,"end":23.07},{"text":"Khumjian","start":23.07,"end":23.51},{"text":"has","start":23.51,"end":23.63},{"text":"been","start":23.63,"end":23.87},{"text":"in","start":23.87,"end":23.95},{"text":"his","start":23.95,"end":24.19},{"text":"role","start":24.19,"end":24.51},{"text":"since","start":24.51,"end":24.99},{"text":"2019.","start":25.03,"end":26.51}]},{"text":"He's going to brief you on their latest annual report, which I understand has just been published.","start":26.99,"end":32.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"He's","start":26.99,"end":27.27},{"text":"going","start":27.27,"end":27.43},{"text":"to","start":27.43,"end":27.51},{"text":"brief","start":27.51,"end":27.79},{"text":"you","start":27.79,"end":27.95},{"text":"on","start":28.03,"end":28.51},{"text":"their","start":28.51,"end":28.83},{"text":"latest","start":28.83,"end":29.27},{"text":"annual","start":29.27,"end":29.59},{"text":"report,","start":29.59,"end":30.03},{"text":"which","start":30.03,"end":30.27},{"text":"I","start":30.27,"end":30.31},{"text":"understand","start":30.31,"end":30.87},{"text":"has","start":30.87,"end":30.99},{"text":"just","start":30.99,"end":31.39},{"text":"been","start":31.47,"end":31.87},{"text":"published.","start":32.19,"end":32.91}]},{"text":"You should have received it earlier.","start":32.91,"end":34.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":32.91,"end":33.03},{"text":"should","start":33.03,"end":33.19},{"text":"have","start":33.19,"end":33.31},{"text":"received","start":33.31,"end":33.75},{"text":"it","start":33.75,"end":33.87},{"text":"earlier.","start":33.87,"end":34.43}]},{"text":"So without further ado, over to you, Nicholas.","start":34.83,"end":37.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":34.83,"end":35.31},{"text":"without","start":35.55,"end":35.87},{"text":"further","start":35.87,"end":36.15},{"text":"ado,","start":36.15,"end":36.31},{"text":"over","start":36.31,"end":36.59},{"text":"to","start":36.59,"end":36.71},{"text":"you,","start":36.71,"end":36.83},{"text":"Nicholas.","start":36.83,"end":37.23}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":37.27,"pageUrl":"/ru/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz?lang=en&t=38","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":37.27,"end":38.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":37.27,"end":37.43},{"text":"you","start":37.87,"end":37.95},{"text":"very","start":37.95,"end":38.11},{"text":"much.","start":38.11,"end":38.43}]},{"text":"Well, thank you very much for your interest in Myanmar.","start":41.15,"end":46.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Well,","start":41.15,"end":41.27},{"text":"thank","start":43.71,"end":43.95},{"text":"you","start":43.95,"end":44.03},{"text":"very","start":44.03,"end":44.27},{"text":"much","start":44.27,"end":44.59},{"text":"for","start":44.59,"end":44.99},{"text":"your","start":45.23,"end":45.43},{"text":"interest","start":45.43,"end":45.95},{"text":"in","start":46.23,"end":46.35},{"text":"Myanmar.","start":46.35,"end":46.91}]},{"text":"Often, called a forgotten conflict, so it's very important that you have keep this situation in the news and it's a matter obviously of concern, should be, to the international community.","start":47.31,"end":62.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Often,","start":47.31,"end":47.71},{"text":"called","start":48.31,"end":48.67},{"text":"a","start":48.67,"end":48.71},{"text":"forgotten","start":48.71,"end":49.35},{"text":"conflict,","start":49.35,"end":50.07},{"text":"so","start":50.47,"end":50.63},{"text":"it's","start":50.63,"end":50.87},{"text":"very","start":50.87,"end":51.15},{"text":"important","start":51.15,"end":51.67},{"text":"that","start":52.39,"end":52.63},{"text":"you","start":52.63,"end":52.87},{"text":"have","start":52.87,"end":53.27},{"text":"keep","start":53.67,"end":53.91},{"text":"this","start":53.91,"end":54.39},{"text":"situation","start":55.91,"end":56.87},{"text":"in","start":57.03,"end":57.19},{"text":"the","start":57.19,"end":57.27},{"text":"news","start":57.27,"end":57.75},{"text":"and","start":57.87,"end":58.07},{"text":"it's","start":58.39,"end":58.63},{"text":"a","start":58.63,"end":58.67},{"text":"matter","start":58.67,"end":59.11},{"text":"obviously","start":59.19,"end":59.67},{"text":"of","start":59.67,"end":59.75},{"text":"concern,","start":59.75,"end":60.47},{"text":"should","start":60.47,"end":60.71},{"text":"be,","start":60.71,"end":61.03},{"text":"to","start":61.11,"end":61.27},{"text":"the","start":61.27,"end":61.39},{"text":"international","start":61.39,"end":61.95},{"text":"community.","start":61.95,"end":62.39}]},{"text":"Our mechanism was established by the Council with the mandate to collect evidence of the most serious international crimes committed in Myanmar since 2011 and analyze that in order to facilitate criminal prosecutions in national or international courts.","start":63.03,"end":83.71,"topics":[{"key":"international-accountability","label":"International Accountability Mechanisms","description":"Discussion centered on how evidence from Myanmar is being used in different legal avenues, including the ICC, the ICJ, and national courts such as Argentina. Speakers addressed the purpose of these separate processes, their limits, and their role in keeping pressure on perpetrators."}],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":63.03,"end":63.19},{"text":"mechanism","start":63.19,"end":63.91},{"text":"was","start":63.99,"end":64.19},{"text":"established","start":64.19,"end":64.79},{"text":"by","start":64.79,"end":64.95},{"text":"the","start":64.95,"end":65.07},{"text":"Council","start":65.07,"end":65.51},{"text":"with","start":65.51,"end":65.71},{"text":"the","start":65.71,"end":65.79},{"text":"mandate","start":65.83,"end":66.43},{"text":"to","start":67.03,"end":67.19},{"text":"collect","start":67.19,"end":67.67},{"text":"evidence","start":67.83,"end":68.63},{"text":"of","start":68.83,"end":68.95},{"text":"the","start":68.95,"end":69.07},{"text":"most","start":69.07,"end":69.39},{"text":"serious","start":69.39,"end":69.99},{"text":"international","start":69.99,"end":70.83},{"text":"crimes","start":70.87,"end":71.43},{"text":"committed","start":71.43,"end":71.83},{"text":"in","start":71.83,"end":71.99},{"text":"Myanmar","start":71.99,"end":72.55},{"text":"since","start":72.71,"end":72.95},{"text":"2011","start":72.95,"end":74.07},{"text":"and","start":75.03,"end":75.47},{"text":"analyze","start":76.07,"end":76.75},{"text":"that","start":76.75,"end":77.11},{"text":"in","start":77.75,"end":77.87},{"text":"order","start":77.87,"end":78.11},{"text":"to","start":78.11,"end":78.19},{"text":"facilitate","start":78.19,"end":78.95},{"text":"criminal","start":79.15,"end":79.55},{"text":"prosecutions","start":79.55,"end":80.75},{"text":"in","start":81.15,"end":81.43},{"text":"national","start":81.43,"end":82.03},{"text":"or","start":82.03,"end":82.31},{"text":"international","start":82.31,"end":83.11},{"text":"courts.","start":83.11,"end":83.71}]},{"text":"When we were created, it was largely in response to the Rohingya crisis and the long history of civilians suffering in the conflicts in Myanmar.","start":84.95,"end":96.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"When","start":84.95,"end":85.23},{"text":"we","start":85.23,"end":85.35},{"text":"were","start":85.35,"end":85.55},{"text":"created,","start":85.55,"end":86.03},{"text":"it","start":86.03,"end":86.11},{"text":"was","start":86.11,"end":86.35},{"text":"largely","start":86.91,"end":87.39},{"text":"in","start":87.39,"end":87.55},{"text":"response","start":87.55,"end":87.99},{"text":"to","start":87.99,"end":88.15},{"text":"the","start":88.15,"end":88.27},{"text":"Rohingya","start":88.27,"end":88.75},{"text":"crisis","start":88.75,"end":89.43},{"text":"and","start":89.43,"end":89.55},{"text":"the","start":89.55,"end":89.63},{"text":"long","start":89.63,"end":90.03},{"text":"history","start":90.03,"end":90.75},{"text":"of","start":91.67,"end":91.87},{"text":"civilians","start":92.83,"end":93.63},{"text":"suffering","start":93.63,"end":94.43},{"text":"in","start":94.43,"end":94.51},{"text":"the","start":94.51,"end":94.59},{"text":"conflicts","start":94.59,"end":95.23},{"text":"in","start":95.23,"end":95.39},{"text":"Myanmar.","start":95.39,"end":96.03}]},{"text":"But what wasn't anticipated at the time was the 2021 coup.","start":97.55,"end":102.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":97.55,"end":97.95},{"text":"what","start":98.51,"end":98.83},{"text":"wasn't","start":99.07,"end":99.55},{"text":"anticipated","start":99.55,"end":100.19},{"text":"at","start":100.19,"end":100.27},{"text":"the","start":100.27,"end":100.35},{"text":"time","start":100.35,"end":100.75},{"text":"was","start":100.75,"end":100.99},{"text":"the","start":100.99,"end":101.07},{"text":"2021","start":101.07,"end":102.03},{"text":"coup.","start":102.19,"end":102.51}]},{"text":"which has led to a great, great increase in violence and the suffering of civilians in Myanmar.","start":103.43,"end":110.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"which","start":103.43,"end":103.59},{"text":"has","start":103.59,"end":103.75},{"text":"led","start":103.75,"end":104.07},{"text":"to","start":104.07,"end":104.31},{"text":"a","start":104.47,"end":104.51},{"text":"great,","start":104.51,"end":104.87},{"text":"great","start":105.07,"end":105.35},{"text":"increase","start":105.35,"end":106.23},{"text":"in","start":106.31,"end":106.47},{"text":"violence","start":106.55,"end":107.15},{"text":"and","start":107.15,"end":107.27},{"text":"the","start":107.27,"end":107.35},{"text":"suffering","start":107.35,"end":107.87},{"text":"of","start":107.87,"end":107.99},{"text":"civilians","start":107.99,"end":108.71},{"text":"in","start":109.43,"end":109.67},{"text":"Myanmar.","start":109.67,"end":110.15}]},{"text":"So our work is concentrated on these two different main aspects, what has happened to the Rohingya since in 2012, 2016, 2017, and ongoing conflict in Rakhine State, and also the violence related to the post-coup situation and the conflict between various armed forces opposed to the military junta and the military forces.","start":111.43,"end":144.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":111.43,"end":111.83},{"text":"our","start":111.83,"end":112.07},{"text":"work","start":112.07,"end":112.47},{"text":"is","start":112.47,"end":112.87},{"text":"concentrated","start":113.51,"end":114.47},{"text":"on","start":115.03,"end":115.43},{"text":"these","start":115.59,"end":115.91},{"text":"two","start":115.91,"end":116.15},{"text":"different","start":116.15,"end":116.55},{"text":"main","start":117.59,"end":117.99},{"text":"aspects,","start":117.99,"end":118.79},{"text":"what","start":119.39,"end":119.63},{"text":"has","start":119.63,"end":119.87},{"text":"happened","start":119.87,"end":120.23},{"text":"to","start":120.23,"end":120.31},{"text":"the","start":120.31,"end":120.43},{"text":"Rohingya","start":120.43,"end":121.03},{"text":"since","start":121.91,"end":122.31},{"text":"in","start":122.39,"end":122.55},{"text":"2012,","start":122.55,"end":123.43},{"text":"2016,","start":123.43,"end":124.39},{"text":"2017,","start":124.39,"end":125.47},{"text":"and","start":125.47,"end":125.79},{"text":"ongoing","start":125.79,"end":126.55},{"text":"conflict","start":126.63,"end":127.15},{"text":"in","start":127.15,"end":127.27},{"text":"Rakhine","start":127.27,"end":127.67},{"text":"State,","start":127.67,"end":128.07},{"text":"and","start":129.15,"end":129.27},{"text":"also","start":129.27,"end":129.63},{"text":"the","start":129.67,"end":129.79},{"text":"violence","start":129.79,"end":130.35},{"text":"related","start":130.35,"end":130.87},{"text":"to","start":130.87,"end":131.07},{"text":"the","start":131.07,"end":131.19},{"text":"post-coup","start":131.59,"end":132.31},{"text":"situation","start":133.07,"end":133.87},{"text":"and","start":134.39,"end":134.51},{"text":"the","start":134.51,"end":134.63},{"text":"conflict","start":134.67,"end":135.23},{"text":"between","start":135.23,"end":135.87},{"text":"various","start":135.99,"end":136.59},{"text":"armed","start":137.31,"end":137.63},{"text":"forces","start":137.63,"end":138.11},{"text":"opposed","start":138.11,"end":138.63},{"text":"to","start":138.63,"end":138.71},{"text":"the","start":138.71,"end":138.87},{"text":"military","start":139.31,"end":140.03},{"text":"junta","start":140.35,"end":140.91},{"text":"and","start":141.47,"end":141.79},{"text":"the","start":141.79,"end":141.91},{"text":"military","start":141.95,"end":142.83},{"text":"forces.","start":143.71,"end":144.35}]},{"text":"One of the areas that we're concentrating on is because of the suffering that's happening in Myanmar are the airstrikes that are occurring.","start":146.59,"end":155.23,"topics":[{"key":"airstrikes-on-civilians","label":"Airstrikes on Civilians","description":"A major topic was the use of air power and other aerial attacks in Myanmar, especially strikes affecting schools, hospitals, detention sites, and other civilian locations. Questions also focused on who is responsible for these attacks, including the junta and, in some cases, armed groups using drones."}],"words":[{"text":"One","start":146.59,"end":146.79},{"text":"of","start":146.79,"end":146.87},{"text":"the","start":146.87,"end":146.99},{"text":"areas","start":147.07,"end":147.51},{"text":"that","start":147.51,"end":147.63},{"text":"we're","start":147.63,"end":147.83},{"text":"concentrating","start":147.83,"end":148.67},{"text":"on","start":148.67,"end":148.91},{"text":"is","start":148.99,"end":149.39},{"text":"because","start":149.87,"end":150.39},{"text":"of","start":150.39,"end":150.51},{"text":"the","start":150.51,"end":150.63},{"text":"suffering","start":150.63,"end":151.31},{"text":"that's","start":151.31,"end":151.59},{"text":"happening","start":151.59,"end":152.03},{"text":"in","start":152.03,"end":152.19},{"text":"Myanmar","start":152.19,"end":152.83},{"text":"are","start":153.31,"end":153.55},{"text":"the","start":153.55,"end":153.67},{"text":"airstrikes","start":153.71,"end":154.43},{"text":"that","start":154.43,"end":154.55},{"text":"are","start":154.55,"end":154.67},{"text":"occurring.","start":154.67,"end":155.23}]},{"text":"And we note in particular there are many airstrikes targeting, hitting schools, Children are often the victims of these airstrikes, and also hospitals.","start":156.19,"end":168.43,"topics":[{"key":"airstrikes-on-civilians","label":"Airstrikes on Civilians","description":"A major topic was the use of air power and other aerial attacks in Myanmar, especially strikes affecting schools, hospitals, detention sites, and other civilian locations. 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Questions also focused on who is responsible for these attacks, including the junta and, in some cases, armed groups using drones."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":169.31,"end":169.55},{"text":"our","start":169.55,"end":169.63},{"text":"team","start":169.63,"end":170.03},{"text":"is","start":170.03,"end":170.27},{"text":"collecting","start":170.67,"end":171.15},{"text":"that","start":171.15,"end":171.31},{"text":"evidence","start":171.31,"end":171.95},{"text":"on","start":172.63,"end":172.71},{"text":"where","start":172.71,"end":173.07},{"text":"it","start":173.07,"end":173.15},{"text":"has","start":173.15,"end":173.31},{"text":"occurred,","start":173.31,"end":173.79},{"text":"the","start":174.43,"end":174.51},{"text":"kind","start":174.51,"end":174.91},{"text":"of","start":174.91,"end":174.99},{"text":"munitions","start":174.99,"end":175.55},{"text":"that","start":175.55,"end":175.67},{"text":"are","start":175.67,"end":175.79},{"text":"used.","start":175.79,"end":176.35}]},{"text":"We're looking at the command structure and how the orders would be given for such airstrikes.","start":177.31,"end":183.55,"topics":[{"key":"airstrikes-on-civilians","label":"Airstrikes on Civilians","description":"A major topic was the use of air power and other aerial attacks in Myanmar, especially strikes affecting schools, hospitals, detention sites, and other civilian locations. Questions also focused on who is responsible for these attacks, including the junta and, in some cases, armed groups using drones."}],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":177.31,"end":177.55},{"text":"looking","start":177.55,"end":177.95},{"text":"at","start":177.95,"end":178.03},{"text":"the","start":178.03,"end":178.15},{"text":"command","start":178.15,"end":178.59},{"text":"structure","start":178.59,"end":179.35},{"text":"and","start":179.35,"end":179.63},{"text":"how","start":179.63,"end":179.87},{"text":"the","start":179.95,"end":180.07},{"text":"orders","start":180.27,"end":180.91},{"text":"would","start":180.91,"end":181.15},{"text":"be","start":181.15,"end":181.31},{"text":"given","start":181.31,"end":181.79},{"text":"for","start":182.19,"end":182.43},{"text":"such","start":182.43,"end":182.75},{"text":"airstrikes.","start":182.75,"end":183.55}]},{"text":"We're also very concerned, of course, with crimes in detention.","start":184.99,"end":188.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":184.99,"end":185.19},{"text":"also","start":185.19,"end":185.43},{"text":"very","start":185.43,"end":185.71},{"text":"concerned,","start":185.71,"end":186.23},{"text":"of","start":186.23,"end":186.35},{"text":"course,","start":186.35,"end":186.75},{"text":"with","start":186.75,"end":186.99},{"text":"crimes","start":187.23,"end":187.63},{"text":"in","start":187.63,"end":187.75},{"text":"detention.","start":187.75,"end":188.43}]},{"text":"Tens of thousands have been arrested since the coup.","start":188.67,"end":191.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Tens","start":188.67,"end":188.99},{"text":"of","start":188.99,"end":189.15},{"text":"thousands","start":189.19,"end":189.79},{"text":"have","start":189.79,"end":189.99},{"text":"been","start":189.99,"end":190.19},{"text":"arrested","start":190.19,"end":190.75},{"text":"since","start":190.75,"end":190.99},{"text":"the","start":190.99,"end":191.11},{"text":"coup.","start":191.11,"end":191.47}]},{"text":"In detention, we have collected testimonies of individuals who talk about torture, seeing it or themselves being the victims of it, and sexual violence in detention.","start":193.35,"end":205.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":193.35,"end":193.55},{"text":"detention,","start":193.55,"end":194.23},{"text":"we","start":194.23,"end":194.47},{"text":"have","start":194.47,"end":194.79},{"text":"collected","start":194.95,"end":195.67},{"text":"testimonies","start":196.31,"end":197.15},{"text":"of","start":197.15,"end":197.23},{"text":"individuals","start":197.23,"end":197.91},{"text":"who","start":197.95,"end":198.03},{"text":"talk","start":198.03,"end":198.31},{"text":"about","start":198.31,"end":198.67},{"text":"torture,","start":199.11,"end":199.59},{"text":"seeing","start":199.99,"end":200.47},{"text":"it","start":200.51,"end":200.71},{"text":"or","start":200.71,"end":200.79},{"text":"themselves","start":200.79,"end":201.43},{"text":"being","start":201.43,"end":201.67},{"text":"the","start":201.67,"end":201.75},{"text":"victims","start":201.75,"end":202.23},{"text":"of","start":202.27,"end":202.35},{"text":"it,","start":202.35,"end":202.43},{"text":"and","start":203.43,"end":203.71},{"text":"sexual","start":203.71,"end":204.19},{"text":"violence","start":204.19,"end":204.87},{"text":"in","start":204.95,"end":205.03},{"text":"detention.","start":205.03,"end":205.67}]},{"text":"And that's another area where we're collecting evidence in order to share it with courts that may have the ability and the willingness to exercise jurisdiction over those offenses.","start":206.35,"end":221.11,"topics":[{"key":"international-accountability","label":"International Accountability Mechanisms","description":"Discussion centered on how evidence from Myanmar is being used in different legal avenues, including the ICC, the ICJ, and national courts such as Argentina. Speakers addressed the purpose of these separate processes, their limits, and their role in keeping pressure on perpetrators."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":206.35,"end":206.47},{"text":"that's","start":206.47,"end":206.75},{"text":"another","start":206.75,"end":207.11},{"text":"area","start":207.11,"end":207.51},{"text":"where","start":208.15,"end":208.39},{"text":"we're","start":208.39,"end":208.63},{"text":"collecting","start":208.63,"end":209.19},{"text":"evidence","start":209.19,"end":209.75},{"text":"in","start":210.11,"end":210.23},{"text":"order","start":210.23,"end":210.55},{"text":"to","start":210.55,"end":210.95},{"text":"share","start":211.35,"end":211.79},{"text":"it","start":211.79,"end":211.91},{"text":"with","start":211.99,"end":212.27},{"text":"courts","start":213.11,"end":213.51},{"text":"that","start":213.51,"end":213.67},{"text":"may","start":213.67,"end":213.91},{"text":"have","start":213.91,"end":214.23},{"text":"the","start":215.59,"end":215.71},{"text":"ability","start":215.75,"end":216.31},{"text":"and","start":216.31,"end":216.43},{"text":"the","start":216.43,"end":216.51},{"text":"willingness","start":216.51,"end":217.19},{"text":"to","start":217.59,"end":217.75},{"text":"exercise","start":217.75,"end":218.47},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":218.47,"end":219.35},{"text":"over","start":220.03,"end":220.23},{"text":"those","start":220.23,"end":220.51},{"text":"offenses.","start":220.51,"end":221.11}]},{"text":"We rely very much on brave individuals who are willing to talk to us and share their testimonies.","start":223.51,"end":230.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":223.51,"end":223.75},{"text":"rely","start":223.75,"end":224.07},{"text":"very","start":224.07,"end":224.47},{"text":"much","start":224.47,"end":224.87},{"text":"on","start":224.87,"end":225.27},{"text":"brave","start":226.47,"end":226.95},{"text":"individuals","start":226.95,"end":227.63},{"text":"who","start":227.63,"end":227.71},{"text":"are","start":227.71,"end":227.83},{"text":"willing","start":227.83,"end":228.19},{"text":"to","start":228.19,"end":228.35},{"text":"talk","start":228.35,"end":228.51},{"text":"to","start":228.51,"end":228.79},{"text":"us","start":228.79,"end":228.99},{"text":"and","start":228.99,"end":229.15},{"text":"share","start":229.15,"end":229.43},{"text":"their","start":229.43,"end":229.59},{"text":"testimonies.","start":229.59,"end":230.47}]},{"text":"We've collected information from over 1,600 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their willingness to do so.","start":249.75,"end":251.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"for","start":249.75,"end":250.31},{"text":"their","start":250.63,"end":250.87},{"text":"willingness","start":250.87,"end":251.43},{"text":"to","start":251.43,"end":251.55},{"text":"do","start":251.55,"end":251.75},{"text":"so.","start":251.75,"end":251.99}]},{"text":"We're not a court, we're not police, so we depend upon courts, judicial authorities, taking an interest in our case and having the willingness to prosecute the cases.","start":253.91,"end":266.47,"topics":[{"key":"international-accountability","label":"International Accountability Mechanisms","description":"Discussion centered on how evidence from Myanmar is being used in different legal avenues, including the ICC, the ICJ, and national courts such as Argentina. 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The response emphasized that justice processes can continue during conflict and need not block eventual negotiations or political settlement."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":1183.11,"end":1183.35},{"text":"is","start":1183.35,"end":1183.51},{"text":"a","start":1183.67,"end":1183.71},{"text":"very","start":1183.71,"end":1183.99},{"text":"difficult","start":1183.99,"end":1184.39},{"text":"process","start":1184.39,"end":1184.95},{"text":"to","start":1184.95,"end":1185.15},{"text":"try","start":1185.15,"end":1185.27},{"text":"to","start":1185.27,"end":1185.35},{"text":"collect","start":1185.35,"end":1185.83},{"text":"evidence","start":1185.91,"end":1186.43},{"text":"and","start":1186.43,"end":1186.55},{"text":"hope","start":1186.55,"end":1186.83},{"text":"for","start":1186.83,"end":1186.95},{"text":"criminal","start":1186.95,"end":1187.35},{"text":"prosecutions","start":1187.35,"end":1188.59},{"text":"around","start":1188.79,"end":1189.23},{"text":"the","start":1189.23,"end":1189.35},{"text":"world","start":1189.35,"end":1189.75},{"text":"for","start":1189.83,"end":1190.07},{"text":"crimes","start":1190.07,"end":1190.55},{"text":"in","start":1190.55,"end":1190.71},{"text":"a","start":1191.19,"end":1191.23},{"text":"country","start":1191.23,"end":1191.75},{"text":"that's","start":1191.79,"end":1192.11},{"text":"in","start":1192.11,"end":1192.23},{"text":"the","start":1192.23,"end":1192.31},{"text":"midst","start":1192.31,"end":1192.79},{"text":"of","start":1192.79,"end":1192.87},{"text":"a","start":1193.19,"end":1193.23},{"text":"very","start":1193.23,"end":1193.47},{"text":"serious","start":1193.47,"end":1194.07},{"text":"civil","start":1194.39,"end":1194.79},{"text":"conflict.","start":1194.79,"end":1195.43}]},{"text":"But we think it's still very important that victims know someone is collecting evidence, someday there may be justice for what has happened to them, and also that potential perpetrators know, again, someone is watching, someone is collecting evidence.","start":1195.95,"end":1211.87,"topics":[{"key":"international-accountability","label":"International Accountability Mechanisms","description":"Discussion centered on how evidence from Myanmar is being used in different legal avenues, including the ICC, the ICJ, and national courts such as Argentina. 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Speakers addressed the purpose of these separate processes, their limits, and their role in keeping pressure on perpetrators."}],"words":[{"text":"You","start":1212.35,"end":1212.59},{"text":"can't","start":1212.59,"end":1212.99},{"text":"be","start":1212.99,"end":1213.07},{"text":"sure","start":1213.07,"end":1213.43},{"text":"that","start":1213.43,"end":1213.55},{"text":"you","start":1213.63,"end":1213.71},{"text":"won't","start":1213.71,"end":1214.07},{"text":"be","start":1214.07,"end":1214.15},{"text":"prosecuted","start":1214.15,"end":1214.99},{"text":"if","start":1215.23,"end":1215.35},{"text":"you","start":1215.35,"end":1215.47},{"text":"commit","start":1215.47,"end":1215.79},{"text":"the","start":1216.35,"end":1216.43},{"text":"crime","start":1216.43,"end":1216.83},{"text":"that","start":1216.83,"end":1216.95},{"text":"you're","start":1216.95,"end":1217.11},{"text":"contemplating.","start":1217.11,"end":1217.79}]},{"text":"So thank you again for your interest.","start":1218.35,"end":1219.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":1218.35,"end":1218.55},{"text":"thank","start":1218.59,"end":1218.83},{"text":"you","start":1218.83,"end":1218.91},{"text":"again","start":1218.91,"end":1219.15},{"text":"for","start":1219.15,"end":1219.27},{"text":"your","start":1219.27,"end":1219.39},{"text":"interest.","start":1219.39,"end":1219.71}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Nicholas Kumjian","affiliation":"IIMM","affiliation_full":"IIMM","group":null,"function":"Head"}},{"statement_number":20,"start":1221.27,"pageUrl":"/ru/asset/k16/k16dt83hlz?lang=en&t=1222","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thanks to you.","start":1221.27,"end":1221.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thanks","start":1221.27,"end":1221.51},{"text":"to","start":1221.51,"end":1221.67},{"text":"you.","start":1221.67,"end":1221.79}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1221.95,"end":1222.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1221.95,"end":1222.11},{"text":"you.","start":1222.11,"end":1222.27}]},{"text":"Colleagues, we'll be back at 10:30 sharp to start our regular briefing.","start":1222.59,"end":1226.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Colleagues,","start":1222.59,"end":1222.99},{"text":"we'll","start":1222.99,"end":1223.23},{"text":"be","start":1223.23,"end":1223.31},{"text":"back","start":1223.31,"end":1223.59},{"text":"at","start":1223.59,"end":1224.11},{"text":"10:30","start":1224.11,"end":1224.15},{"text":"sharp","start":1224.15,"end":1224.59},{"text":"to","start":1224.59,"end":1225.15},{"text":"start","start":1225.15,"end":1225.51},{"text":"our","start":1225.51,"end":1225.59},{"text":"regular","start":1225.59,"end":1225.91},{"text":"briefing.","start":1225.91,"end":1226.19}]},{"text":"Thanks.","start":1226.19,"end":1226.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thanks.","start":1226.19,"end":1226.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"UN","affiliation_full":"UN","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}}],"topics":[{"key":"justice-and-peace","label":"Justice and Peace Process","description":"Speakers examined whether criminal investigations can advance even without a change of regime and whether accountability efforts help or hinder peace. The response emphasized that justice processes can continue during conflict and need not block eventual negotiations or political settlement."},{"key":"armed-group-abuses","label":"Abuses by Non-State Armed Groups","description":"The proceeding addressed allegations that People's Defense Forces and other anti-junta armed groups may also have committed serious abuses. Discussion covered command structures, alleged executions, and the varying levels of cooperation these groups have shown with investigators."},{"key":"scam-centers-crime","label":"Scam Centers and Transnational Crime","description":"Questions were raised about scam centers in Myanmar and whether abuses linked to them fall within the mechanism's mandate. The discussion connected these centers to broader concerns about organized crime, trafficking, and other serious cross-border offenses."},{"key":"arms-supply-networks","label":"Arms Supply and Material Support","description":"Speakers discussed the sourcing of weapons, drones, and other materials used in the conflict, as well as whether outside actors could face liability for enabling crimes. This included possible sanctions violations, aiding-and-abetting theories, and scrutiny of cross-border business support."},{"key":"airstrikes-on-civilians","label":"Airstrikes on Civilians","description":"A major topic was the use of air power and other aerial attacks in Myanmar, especially strikes affecting schools, hospitals, detention sites, and other civilian locations. Questions also focused on who is responsible for these attacks, including the junta and, in some cases, armed groups using drones."},{"key":"international-accountability","label":"International Accountability Mechanisms","description":"Discussion centered on how evidence from Myanmar is being used in different legal avenues, including the ICC, the ICJ, and national courts such as Argentina. Speakers addressed the purpose of these separate processes, their limits, and their role in keeping pressure on perpetrators."}]}}