{"disclaimer":"Automatically generated transcript — may contain errors. Not an official United Nations record.","video":{"id":"k17/k178apsmqg","kaltura_id":"1_78apsmqg","title":"(2nd meeting) Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation","clean_title":"(2nd meeting) Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k17/k178apsmqg","date":"2025-02-03T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2025-02-03T20:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"00:10:54","category":"General Assembly","body":"General Assembly","event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k17/k178apsmqg"},"metadata":{"summary":"Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee on the United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation will hold their organizational meeting from 3-6 February 2025.","description":"Deferred applications for consultative status and requests for reclassification - Item 3 (a) The 2025 regular session is expected to consider 213 new applications for status by NGOs as well as 323 applications deferred from earlier sessions. The Committee will also review new quadrennial reports of 500 NGOs in general or special consultative status, as well as 131 quadrennial reports from organizations, deferred from earlier sessions. The session's recommendations will be sent to the Economic and Social Council for its approval during the meetings of the management segment of the Council to be held from 10 to 11 June 2025.","categories":["Meetings & Events","General Assembly","79th Session"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["TAXATION"],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"4e350c0b-e9b5-42df-87ea-b93819a72db5","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Welcome back to the room.","start":1.04,"end":2.08,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Welcome","start":1.04,"end":1.32},{"text":"back","start":1.32,"end":1.48},{"text":"to","start":1.48,"end":1.64},{"text":"the","start":1.64,"end":1.8},{"text":"room.","start":1.8,"end":2.08}]},{"text":"The second meeting of the Committee is called to order.","start":2.08,"end":4.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2.08,"end":2.36},{"text":"second","start":2.36,"end":2.6},{"text":"meeting","start":2.6,"end":2.92},{"text":"of","start":2.92,"end":3.16},{"text":"the","start":3.16,"end":3.28},{"text":"Committee","start":3.28,"end":3.52},{"text":"is","start":3.52,"end":3.8},{"text":"called","start":3.8,"end":4.08},{"text":"to","start":4.16,"end":4.48},{"text":"order.","start":4.48,"end":4.8}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"The Committee will resume its consideration of item of Agenda Item 3, entitled Organizational Matter.","start":11.28,"end":17.36,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":11.28,"end":11.56},{"text":"Committee","start":11.56,"end":11.8},{"text":"will","start":11.8,"end":12.04},{"text":"resume","start":12.04,"end":12.44},{"text":"its","start":12.44,"end":12.64},{"text":"consideration","start":12.64,"end":13.24},{"text":"of","start":13.24,"end":13.56},{"text":"item","start":13.56,"end":14.16},{"text":"of","start":14.16,"end":14.48},{"text":"Agenda","start":14.48,"end":14.92},{"text":"Item","start":14.92,"end":15.28},{"text":"3,","start":15.28,"end":15.56},{"text":"entitled","start":15.56,"end":16.16},{"text":"Organizational","start":16.16,"end":17.08},{"text":"Matter.","start":17.08,"end":17.36}]},{"text":"We will first turn to the participation of international organization, civil society and the other relevant stakeholders.","start":17.44,"end":25.2,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":17.44,"end":17.72},{"text":"will","start":17.72,"end":17.96},{"text":"first","start":17.96,"end":18.28},{"text":"turn","start":18.28,"end":18.6},{"text":"to","start":18.6,"end":18.88},{"text":"the","start":18.88,"end":19.2},{"text":"participation","start":19.84,"end":20.72},{"text":"of","start":20.72,"end":21.04},{"text":"international","start":21.04,"end":21.36},{"text":"organization,","start":21.6,"end":22.16},{"text":"civil","start":22.88,"end":23.28},{"text":"society","start":23.28,"end":23.6},{"text":"and","start":23.6,"end":23.76},{"text":"the","start":23.76,"end":23.84},{"text":"other","start":23.84,"end":24},{"text":"relevant","start":24,"end":24.52},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":24.52,"end":25.2}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"At its first PRO meeting preceded this Committee meeting.","start":30.25,"end":33.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":30.25,"end":30.41},{"text":"its","start":30.41,"end":30.65},{"text":"first","start":30.65,"end":30.97},{"text":"PRO","start":30.97,"end":31.37},{"text":"meeting","start":31.45,"end":31.85},{"text":"preceded","start":32.01,"end":32.61},{"text":"this","start":32.61,"end":32.85},{"text":"Committee","start":32.85,"end":33.21},{"text":"meeting.","start":33.21,"end":33.61}]},{"text":"Preceding this Committee meeting, the PRO discussed the participation of international organization, civil society and other relevant stakeholders.","start":34.25,"end":41.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Preceding","start":34.25,"end":34.85},{"text":"this","start":34.85,"end":35.13},{"text":"Committee","start":35.13,"end":35.49},{"text":"meeting,","start":35.49,"end":35.77},{"text":"the","start":35.77,"end":35.97},{"text":"PRO","start":35.97,"end":36.25},{"text":"discussed","start":36.25,"end":36.77},{"text":"the","start":36.77,"end":36.97},{"text":"participation","start":36.97,"end":37.61},{"text":"of","start":37.61,"end":37.85},{"text":"international","start":37.85,"end":38.17},{"text":"organization,","start":38.25,"end":38.85},{"text":"civil","start":38.85,"end":39.25},{"text":"society","start":39.25,"end":39.61},{"text":"and","start":39.61,"end":39.81},{"text":"other","start":39.81,"end":40.01},{"text":"relevant","start":40.01,"end":40.49},{"text":"stakeholders.","start":40.65,"end":41.85}]},{"text":"Having consulted with the Bureau, I introduced a proposal for consideration by the committee on Thursday.","start":42.41,"end":48.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Having","start":42.41,"end":42.81},{"text":"consulted","start":43.53,"end":44.13},{"text":"with","start":44.13,"end":44.29},{"text":"the","start":44.29,"end":44.45},{"text":"Bureau,","start":44.45,"end":44.93},{"text":"I","start":44.93,"end":45.25},{"text":"introduced","start":45.25,"end":45.81},{"text":"a","start":45.81,"end":46.05},{"text":"proposal","start":46.05,"end":46.53},{"text":"for","start":46.53,"end":46.73},{"text":"consideration","start":46.73,"end":47.33},{"text":"by","start":47.33,"end":47.57},{"text":"the","start":47.57,"end":47.73},{"text":"committee","start":47.73,"end":48.01},{"text":"on","start":48.01,"end":48.33},{"text":"Thursday.","start":48.33,"end":48.65}]},{"text":"Six members will recall that in its resolution 79 235, the General assembly encouraged international organization, civil society and other relevant stakeholders to contribute to the work of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee in accordance with established practices.","start":49.21,"end":71.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Six","start":49.21,"end":49.61},{"text":"members","start":51.3,"end":51.5},{"text":"will","start":51.5,"end":51.78},{"text":"recall","start":51.78,"end":52.22},{"text":"that","start":52.22,"end":52.58},{"text":"in","start":52.58,"end":52.9},{"text":"its","start":52.9,"end":53.18},{"text":"resolution","start":53.18,"end":53.78},{"text":"79","start":53.94,"end":55.2},{"text":"235,","start":55.48,"end":56.74},{"text":"the","start":57.06,"end":57.34},{"text":"General","start":57.34,"end":57.62},{"text":"assembly","start":57.62,"end":58.26},{"text":"encouraged","start":58.66,"end":59.26},{"text":"international","start":59.26,"end":59.62},{"text":"organization,","start":59.7,"end":60.42},{"text":"civil","start":60.5,"end":60.94},{"text":"society","start":60.94,"end":61.3},{"text":"and","start":61.3,"end":61.5},{"text":"other","start":61.5,"end":61.7},{"text":"relevant","start":61.7,"end":62.26},{"text":"stakeholders","start":62.42,"end":63.22},{"text":"to","start":63.22,"end":63.54},{"text":"contribute","start":63.54,"end":64.06},{"text":"to","start":64.06,"end":64.3},{"text":"the","start":64.3,"end":64.46},{"text":"work","start":64.46,"end":64.74},{"text":"of","start":65.22,"end":65.54},{"text":"the","start":65.54,"end":65.86},{"text":"Intergovernmental","start":66.5,"end":67.54},{"text":"Negotiating","start":67.54,"end":68.22},{"text":"Committee","start":68.22,"end":68.58},{"text":"in","start":68.98,"end":69.3},{"text":"accordance","start":69.3,"end":69.86},{"text":"with","start":69.86,"end":70.14},{"text":"established","start":70.14,"end":70.9},{"text":"practices.","start":70.98,"end":71.62}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"In this connection, in accordance with established practice, the Committee first, invite relevant intergovernmental organizations and other entities that have observer status with the General assembly to participate in its work in that capacity.","start":78.19,"end":96.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":78.19,"end":78.35},{"text":"this","start":78.35,"end":78.59},{"text":"connection,","start":78.59,"end":79.07},{"text":"in","start":79.79,"end":80.11},{"text":"accordance","start":80.11,"end":80.55},{"text":"with","start":80.55,"end":80.71},{"text":"established","start":80.71,"end":81.15},{"text":"practice,","start":81.15,"end":81.59},{"text":"the","start":81.59,"end":81.75},{"text":"Committee","start":81.75,"end":82.03},{"text":"first,","start":84.27,"end":84.67},{"text":"invite","start":84.91,"end":85.47},{"text":"relevant","start":85.47,"end":86.07},{"text":"intergovernmental","start":86.07,"end":87.19},{"text":"organizations","start":87.19,"end":88.03},{"text":"and","start":88.03,"end":88.27},{"text":"other","start":88.27,"end":88.59},{"text":"entities","start":88.75,"end":89.31},{"text":"that","start":89.63,"end":89.99},{"text":"have","start":89.99,"end":90.35},{"text":"observer","start":90.59,"end":91.31},{"text":"status","start":91.31,"end":91.75},{"text":"with","start":91.75,"end":91.95},{"text":"the","start":91.95,"end":92.23},{"text":"General","start":92.23,"end":92.59},{"text":"assembly","start":92.59,"end":93.15},{"text":"to","start":93.15,"end":93.35},{"text":"participate","start":93.35,"end":93.83},{"text":"in","start":93.83,"end":94.03},{"text":"its","start":94.03,"end":94.27},{"text":"work","start":94.27,"end":94.59},{"text":"in","start":94.83,"end":95.11},{"text":"that","start":95.11,"end":95.35},{"text":"capacity.","start":95.35,"end":96.03}]},{"text":"Second, grant accreditation to all relevant non governmental organizations enjoying consultative status with the Economic and Social Council to participate as observers in its work.","start":96.51,"end":108.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Second,","start":96.51,"end":96.91},{"text":"grant","start":97.39,"end":97.83},{"text":"accreditation","start":97.83,"end":98.55},{"text":"to","start":98.55,"end":98.83},{"text":"all","start":98.83,"end":99.07},{"text":"relevant","start":99.07,"end":99.47},{"text":"non","start":99.47,"end":99.75},{"text":"governmental","start":99.75,"end":100.39},{"text":"organizations","start":100.39,"end":101.27},{"text":"enjoying","start":101.27,"end":101.83},{"text":"consultative","start":101.83,"end":102.59},{"text":"status","start":103.1,"end":103.46},{"text":"with","start":103.46,"end":103.66},{"text":"the","start":103.66,"end":103.86},{"text":"Economic","start":103.86,"end":104.14},{"text":"and","start":104.3,"end":104.66},{"text":"Social","start":104.66,"end":105.02},{"text":"Council","start":105.1,"end":105.5},{"text":"to","start":105.58,"end":105.9},{"text":"participate","start":105.9,"end":106.58},{"text":"as","start":106.58,"end":106.86},{"text":"observers","start":106.86,"end":107.5},{"text":"in","start":107.5,"end":107.7},{"text":"its","start":107.7,"end":107.94},{"text":"work.","start":107.94,"end":108.3}]},{"text":"Third, take decisions at the beginning of each of its sessions on any new applications by other international organizations following their circulation by the Secretariat.","start":108.7,"end":120.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Third,","start":108.7,"end":109.1},{"text":"take","start":109.26,"end":109.66},{"text":"decisions","start":110.06,"end":110.7},{"text":"at","start":110.7,"end":110.94},{"text":"the","start":110.94,"end":111.06},{"text":"beginning","start":111.06,"end":111.42},{"text":"of","start":111.42,"end":111.66},{"text":"each","start":111.66,"end":111.9},{"text":"of","start":111.9,"end":112.14},{"text":"its","start":112.14,"end":112.46},{"text":"sessions","start":112.46,"end":112.94},{"text":"on","start":113.42,"end":113.82},{"text":"any","start":113.82,"end":114.22},{"text":"new","start":114.38,"end":114.78},{"text":"applications","start":114.78,"end":115.5},{"text":"by","start":115.9,"end":116.26},{"text":"other","start":116.26,"end":116.58},{"text":"international","start":116.58,"end":116.94},{"text":"organizations","start":117.1,"end":117.98},{"text":"following","start":117.98,"end":118.3},{"text":"their","start":118.3,"end":118.699},{"text":"circulation","start":118.699,"end":119.26},{"text":"by","start":119.34,"end":119.66},{"text":"the","start":119.66,"end":119.86},{"text":"Secretariat.","start":119.86,"end":120.62}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Fourth, request the Chair to draw up a list of representatives of other civil society and other relevant stakeholders who may participate in the Committee and submit the proposed list to Member States for their consideration on a non objection basis and bring the list to the attention of Committee for a final decision by the Committee on participation in the Committee at the beginning of each of its sessions.","start":123.66,"end":150.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Fourth,","start":123.66,"end":124.22},{"text":"request","start":124.3,"end":124.74},{"text":"the","start":124.74,"end":124.94},{"text":"Chair","start":124.94,"end":125.22},{"text":"to","start":125.22,"end":125.46},{"text":"draw","start":125.46,"end":125.74},{"text":"up","start":125.74,"end":125.94},{"text":"a","start":125.94,"end":126.1},{"text":"list","start":126.1,"end":126.3},{"text":"of","start":126.3,"end":126.62},{"text":"representatives","start":126.7,"end":127.54},{"text":"of","start":127.54,"end":127.74},{"text":"other","start":127.74,"end":128.06},{"text":"civil","start":128.06,"end":128.5},{"text":"society","start":128.5,"end":128.9},{"text":"and","start":128.9,"end":129.22},{"text":"other","start":129.22,"end":129.58},{"text":"relevant","start":129.94,"end":130.38},{"text":"stakeholders","start":130.38,"end":131.14},{"text":"who","start":131.3,"end":131.58},{"text":"may","start":131.58,"end":131.82},{"text":"participate","start":131.82,"end":132.38},{"text":"in","start":132.38,"end":132.54},{"text":"the","start":132.54,"end":132.7},{"text":"Committee","start":132.7,"end":132.98},{"text":"and","start":133.14,"end":133.46},{"text":"submit","start":133.46,"end":133.9},{"text":"the","start":133.9,"end":134.1},{"text":"proposed","start":134.1,"end":134.58},{"text":"list","start":134.58,"end":134.9},{"text":"to","start":134.9,"end":135.14},{"text":"Member","start":135.14,"end":135.38},{"text":"States","start":135.38,"end":135.7},{"text":"for","start":135.7,"end":136.02},{"text":"their","start":136.02,"end":136.34},{"text":"consideration","start":136.5,"end":137.3},{"text":"on","start":137.38,"end":137.78},{"text":"a","start":137.94,"end":138.18},{"text":"non","start":138.18,"end":138.38},{"text":"objection","start":138.38,"end":139.1},{"text":"basis","start":139.1,"end":139.54},{"text":"and","start":139.54,"end":139.86},{"text":"bring","start":139.94,"end":140.26},{"text":"the","start":140.26,"end":140.46},{"text":"list","start":140.46,"end":140.74},{"text":"to","start":140.74,"end":141.1},{"text":"the","start":141.1,"end":141.34},{"text":"attention","start":141.34,"end":141.74},{"text":"of","start":141.74,"end":142.06},{"text":"Committee","start":142.06,"end":142.42},{"text":"for","start":142.66,"end":142.94},{"text":"a","start":142.94,"end":143.1},{"text":"final","start":143.1,"end":143.34},{"text":"decision","start":143.34,"end":143.7},{"text":"by","start":143.86,"end":144.18},{"text":"the","start":144.18,"end":144.38},{"text":"Committee","start":144.38,"end":144.66},{"text":"on","start":144.66,"end":144.98},{"text":"participation","start":144.98,"end":145.62},{"text":"in","start":146.82,"end":147.14},{"text":"the","start":147.14,"end":147.38},{"text":"Committee","start":147.38,"end":147.7},{"text":"at","start":147.78,"end":148.06},{"text":"the","start":148.06,"end":148.26},{"text":"beginning","start":148.26,"end":148.66},{"text":"of","start":148.66,"end":148.9},{"text":"each","start":148.9,"end":149.22},{"text":"of","start":149.38,"end":149.7},{"text":"its","start":149.7,"end":150.02},{"text":"sessions.","start":150.02,"end":150.5}]},{"text":"Having consulted the Bureau and recalling the Provision of Resolution 79 235, I introduced this proposal for consideration by the Committee on Thursday 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there any comments at this point?","start":162.44,"end":164.52,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":162.44,"end":162.72},{"text":"there","start":162.72,"end":162.92},{"text":"any","start":162.92,"end":163.16},{"text":"comments","start":163.16,"end":163.48},{"text":"at","start":163.64,"end":163.92},{"text":"this","start":163.92,"end":164.16},{"text":"point?","start":164.16,"end":164.52}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Distinguished Delegate of Russian Federation.","start":171.16,"end":173.08,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":171.16,"end":171.8},{"text":"Delegate","start":171.8,"end":172.12},{"text":"of","start":172.12,"end":172.24},{"text":"Russian","start":172.24,"end":172.56},{"text":"Federation.","start":172.56,"end":173.08}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Chair"}},{"statement_number":2,"paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Distinguished Chair we are grateful for the proposal provided on the modalities participation of NGOs with regard to the discussion of modalities of involvement of ngs that do not have ECOSAT consultative status, we would like to use the modalities that were agreed in Resolution 78128 on the modalities of the holding of conferences on the ocean in 2025.","start":177.24,"end":211.09,"topics":[{"key":"ngo-accreditation-procedures","label":"NGO Accreditation Procedures","description":"Whether to require ECOSOC consultative status and apply a no‑objection accreditation procedure versus adopting more open, contemporary standards. Positions diverged on how restrictive accreditation rules should be for non‑ECOSOC NGOs."},{"key":"un-precedents-and-standards","label":"UN Precedents and Standards","description":"Applying existing UN resolutions and practices from other negotiations (e.g., Ocean Conference 2025, Cybercrime AHC, HLM on sea‑level rise) to guide current participation rules. Delegations cited precedent to justify preferred modalities and norms."}],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":177.24,"end":178.2},{"text":"Chair","start":178.2,"end":178.6},{"text":"we","start":179.32,"end":179.6},{"text":"are","start":179.6,"end":179.84},{"text":"grateful","start":179.84,"end":180.52},{"text":"for","start":181.4,"end":181.72},{"text":"the","start":181.72,"end":182},{"text":"proposal","start":182,"end":182.76},{"text":"provided","start":182.84,"end":183.36},{"text":"on","start":183.36,"end":183.48},{"text":"the","start":183.48,"end":183.6},{"text":"modalities","start":183.6,"end":184.04},{"text":"participation","start":184.04,"end":184.68},{"text":"of","start":184.68,"end":184.92},{"text":"NGOs","start":184.92,"end":185.72},{"text":"with","start":188.37,"end":188.53},{"text":"regard","start":188.53,"end":188.89},{"text":"to","start":188.89,"end":189.05},{"text":"the","start":189.05,"end":189.21},{"text":"discussion","start":189.21,"end":189.61},{"text":"of","start":189.61,"end":189.85},{"text":"modalities","start":189.85,"end":190.53},{"text":"of","start":191.17,"end":191.57},{"text":"involvement","start":191.57,"end":192.25},{"text":"of","start":192.25,"end":192.61},{"text":"ngs","start":192.77,"end":193.37},{"text":"that","start":193.37,"end":193.53},{"text":"do","start":193.53,"end":193.69},{"text":"not","start":193.69,"end":193.81},{"text":"have","start":193.81,"end":193.97},{"text":"ECOSAT","start":193.97,"end":194.49},{"text":"consultative","start":194.49,"end":195.01},{"text":"status,","start":195.01,"end":195.49},{"text":"we","start":196.13,"end":196.41},{"text":"would","start":196.41,"end":196.65},{"text":"like","start":196.65,"end":196.97},{"text":"to","start":196.97,"end":197.25},{"text":"use","start":197.25,"end":197.49},{"text":"the","start":197.49,"end":197.69},{"text":"modalities","start":197.69,"end":198.29},{"text":"that","start":198.45,"end":198.77},{"text":"were","start":198.77,"end":199.05},{"text":"agreed","start":199.05,"end":199.73},{"text":"in","start":200.45,"end":200.85},{"text":"Resolution","start":200.93,"end":201.65},{"text":"78128","start":201.65,"end":204.85},{"text":"on","start":205.17,"end":205.45},{"text":"the","start":205.45,"end":205.65},{"text":"modalities","start":205.65,"end":206.29},{"text":"of","start":206.69,"end":207.09},{"text":"the","start":207.65,"end":207.93},{"text":"holding","start":207.93,"end":208.21},{"text":"of","start":208.21,"end":208.37},{"text":"conferences","start":208.37,"end":208.93},{"text":"on","start":209.25,"end":209.53},{"text":"the","start":209.53,"end":209.73},{"text":"ocean","start":209.73,"end":210.17},{"text":"in","start":210.17,"end":210.33},{"text":"2025.","start":210.33,"end":211.09}]},{"text":"These modalities stipulate that the NGOs need to be approved and accredited under the no objection procedure.","start":212.46,"end":223.74,"topics":[{"key":"ngo-accreditation-procedures","label":"NGO Accreditation Procedures","description":"Whether to require ECOSOC consultative status and apply a no‑objection accreditation procedure versus adopting more open, contemporary standards. 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The United States takes this opportunity to state firmly and clearly that the goals of a future UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation are inconsistent with US Priorities and represent unwelcome overreach.","start":262.96,"end":281.44,"topics":[{"key":"international-tax-cooperation","label":"International Tax Cooperation","description":"Debates around establishing a UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation, including objections that it could constrain national sovereignty and policy space. 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The discussion reflects broader disagreements over whether and how the UN should lead on global tax norms."},{"key":"process-legitimacy-and-consensus","label":"Process Legitimacy and Consensus","description":"Concerns about decision‑making shifting away from consensus and the perceived overreach of the adopted process. 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These related thematic agendas inform how delegations view appropriate standards across processes."},{"key":"civil-society-participation","label":"Civil Society Participation","description":"Inclusion of NGOs and other stakeholders in UN negotiations, emphasizing transparency and inclusivity. Delegations weighed how open participation should be while maintaining order and legitimacy in the process."},{"key":"un-precedents-and-standards","label":"UN Precedents and Standards","description":"Applying existing UN resolutions and practices from other negotiations (e.g., Ocean Conference 2025, Cybercrime AHC, HLM on sea‑level rise) to guide current participation rules. Delegations cited precedent to justify preferred modalities and norms."},{"key":"ngo-accreditation-procedures","label":"NGO Accreditation Procedures","description":"Whether to require ECOSOC consultative status and apply a no‑objection accreditation procedure versus adopting more open, contemporary standards. Positions diverged on how restrictive accreditation rules should be for non‑ECOSOC NGOs."},{"key":"international-tax-cooperation","label":"International Tax Cooperation","description":"Debates around establishing a UN Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation, including objections that it could constrain national sovereignty and policy space. The discussion reflects broader disagreements over whether and how the UN should lead on global tax norms."},{"key":"process-legitimacy-and-consensus","label":"Process Legitimacy and Consensus","description":"Concerns about decision‑making shifting away from consensus and the perceived overreach of the adopted process. Debates centered on how procedural choices affect the legitimacy and acceptability of outcomes."}]}}