{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1d/k1d1efd120","kaltura_id":"1_d1efd120","title":"OHCHR - Press conference: A Global Briefing on Transitional Justice Around the World","clean_title":"OHCHR - Press conference: A Global Briefing on Transitional Justice Around the World","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120","date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-09-17T10:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"00:34:45","category":"Press Conferences","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1d/k1d1efd120"},"metadata":{"summary":"Victims Still Waiting: A Global Briefing on Transitional Justice Around the World","description":"Speaker:\nBernard Duhaime, Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence","categories":["Media","Press Conferences"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":[],"corporate_name":["OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS - OHCHR"],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"azure-llm-speech-6e1cc6ea-3c56-4685-b578-a4d16a920e0c","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":3.07,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=0:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining us today.","start":3.07,"end":5.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Good","start":3.07,"end":3.27},{"text":"afternoon,","start":3.27,"end":3.75},{"text":"everyone,","start":3.75,"end":4.27},{"text":"and","start":4.27,"end":4.43},{"text":"thank","start":4.43,"end":4.67},{"text":"you","start":4.67,"end":4.75},{"text":"for","start":4.75,"end":4.91},{"text":"joining","start":4.91,"end":5.31},{"text":"us","start":5.31,"end":5.47},{"text":"today.","start":5.47,"end":5.95}]},{"text":"Today's press briefing will be by the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion of Truth, Justice, Reparation, and Guarantees of Non-Reoccurrence, Mr. Bernard Duhem.","start":6.51,"end":16.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Today's","start":6.51,"end":6.91},{"text":"press","start":6.91,"end":7.23},{"text":"briefing","start":7.23,"end":7.79},{"text":"will","start":7.79,"end":7.95},{"text":"be","start":7.95,"end":8.19},{"text":"by","start":8.19,"end":8.59},{"text":"the","start":8.59,"end":8.75},{"text":"Special","start":8.75,"end":9.15},{"text":"Rapporteur","start":9.15,"end":9.71},{"text":"on","start":9.71,"end":9.87},{"text":"the","start":9.87,"end":9.95},{"text":"Promotion","start":9.95,"end":10.91},{"text":"of","start":11.15,"end":11.39},{"text":"Truth,","start":11.39,"end":11.75},{"text":"Justice,","start":11.79,"end":12.35},{"text":"Reparation,","start":12.35,"end":12.99},{"text":"and","start":12.99,"end":13.31},{"text":"Guarantees","start":13.31,"end":13.87},{"text":"of","start":13.87,"end":13.95},{"text":"Non-Reoccurrence,","start":13.95,"end":14.83},{"text":"Mr.","start":14.83,"end":15.19},{"text":"Bernard","start":15.19,"end":15.59},{"text":"Duhem.","start":15.59,"end":16.11}]},{"text":"Mr. Duhem just delivered his report to the Human Rights Council, which focused on Denialism, Negationism, and Revisionism of Serious Violations of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in Transitional Justice 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happy to have him briefing here today.","start":30.47,"end":32.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We're","start":30.47,"end":30.63},{"text":"happy","start":30.63,"end":30.91},{"text":"to","start":30.91,"end":31.03},{"text":"have","start":31.03,"end":31.23},{"text":"him","start":31.23,"end":31.39},{"text":"briefing","start":31.39,"end":31.75},{"text":"here","start":31.75,"end":31.95},{"text":"today.","start":31.95,"end":32.39}]},{"text":"We'll begin with opening remarks by the Special Rapporteur, and then we will take 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floor.","start":37.83,"end":38.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mr.","start":37.83,"end":38.11},{"text":"Dohan,","start":38.11,"end":38.31},{"text":"you're","start":38.31,"end":38.47},{"text":"on","start":38.47,"end":38.55},{"text":"the","start":38.55,"end":38.63},{"text":"floor.","start":38.63,"end":38.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":2,"start":41.91,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=0:42","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":41.91,"end":43.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":41.91,"end":42.23},{"text":"you","start":42.23,"end":42.39},{"text":"very","start":42.47,"end":42.75},{"text":"much.","start":42.75,"end":43.11}]},{"text":"I hope you can hear me well.","start":43.11,"end":44.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":43.11,"end":43.19},{"text":"hope","start":43.19,"end":43.43},{"text":"you","start":43.43,"end":43.51},{"text":"can","start":43.51,"end":43.91},{"text":"hear","start":44.15,"end":44.47},{"text":"me","start":44.47,"end":44.63},{"text":"well.","start":44.63,"end":44.87}]},{"text":"So I'm very glad that we're able to meet this morning.","start":45.43,"end":48.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":45.43,"end":45.99},{"text":"I'm","start":46.31,"end":46.51},{"text":"very","start":46.51,"end":46.75},{"text":"glad","start":46.75,"end":46.99},{"text":"that","start":46.99,"end":47.19},{"text":"we're","start":47.19,"end":47.39},{"text":"able","start":47.39,"end":47.59},{"text":"to","start":47.59,"end":47.75},{"text":"meet","start":47.75,"end":47.99},{"text":"this","start":47.99,"end":48.23},{"text":"morning.","start":48.23,"end":48.63}]},{"text":"As indicated, I would like to do a brief statement regarding the report 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":174.11,"end":174.27},{"text":"my","start":174.27,"end":174.43},{"text":"last","start":174.43,"end":174.75},{"text":"report","start":174.75,"end":175.19},{"text":"to","start":175.19,"end":175.27},{"text":"the","start":175.27,"end":175.35},{"text":"63rd","start":175.35,"end":176.11},{"text":"session","start":176.43,"end":177.11},{"text":"of","start":177.11,"end":177.19},{"text":"the","start":177.19,"end":177.31},{"text":"Human","start":177.31,"end":177.63},{"text":"Rights","start":177.63,"end":177.87},{"text":"Council,","start":177.87,"end":178.59},{"text":"I","start":180.51,"end":180.75},{"text":"reflected","start":180.83,"end":181.71},{"text":"yesterday","start":181.71,"end":182.59},{"text":"on","start":184.19,"end":184.51},{"text":"a","start":184.51,"end":184.67},{"text":"shift","start":184.67,"end":185.31},{"text":"from","start":186.19,"end":186.75},{"text":"evidence-based","start":187.31,"end":188.07},{"text":"accountability","start":188.07,"end":189.15},{"text":"in","start":189.71,"end":190.27},{"text":"political","start":190.59,"end":191.15},{"text":"discourse","start":191.15,"end":191.95},{"text":"which","start":192.23,"end":192.43},{"text":"is","start":192.43,"end":192.59},{"text":"now","start":192.59,"end":192.91},{"text":"replaced","start":192.91,"end":193.71},{"text":"with","start":194.27,"end":194.47},{"text":"emotionally","start":194.47,"end":195.23},{"text":"charged","start":195.63,"end":196.27},{"text":"narratives,","start":196.43,"end":197.39},{"text":"identity","start":198.19,"end":198.91},{"text":"affirmation,","start":198.91,"end":199.95},{"text":"and","start":199.95,"end":200.19},{"text":"polarization","start":200.19,"end":201.47},{"text":"that","start":201.95,"end":202.15},{"text":"serve","start":202.15,"end":202.59},{"text":"narrow","start":203.07,"end":203.71},{"text":"political","start":203.87,"end":204.51},{"text":"or","start":204.51,"end":204.91},{"text":"ideological","start":205.35,"end":206.07},{"text":"interests.","start":206.07,"end":206.83}]},{"text":"Denial of past events is often accompanied by silencing of dissenting voices.","start":208.67,"end":215.23,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Denial","start":208.67,"end":209.15},{"text":"of","start":209.15,"end":209.31},{"text":"past","start":209.31,"end":209.71},{"text":"events","start":209.71,"end":210.35},{"text":"is","start":210.59,"end":210.75},{"text":"often","start":210.75,"end":211.11},{"text":"accompanied","start":211.11,"end":211.87},{"text":"by","start":212.19,"end":212.51},{"text":"silencing","start":212.51,"end":213.71},{"text":"of","start":213.79,"end":214.03},{"text":"dissenting","start":214.03,"end":214.59},{"text":"voices.","start":214.59,"end":215.23}]},{"text":"It limits understanding of past violence undermine victims' rights to justice and reparations, and it weakens prospects for non-recurrence.","start":216.27,"end":226.71,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":216.27,"end":216.43},{"text":"limits","start":216.43,"end":216.99},{"text":"understanding","start":217.07,"end":217.79},{"text":"of","start":217.79,"end":217.95},{"text":"past","start":217.95,"end":218.35},{"text":"violence","start":218.35,"end":219.15},{"text":"undermine","start":219.67,"end":220.23},{"text":"victims'","start":220.23,"end":220.71},{"text":"rights","start":220.71,"end":221.19},{"text":"to","start":221.43,"end":221.59},{"text":"justice","start":221.59,"end":222.23},{"text":"and","start":222.23,"end":222.39},{"text":"reparations,","start":222.39,"end":223.35},{"text":"and","start":224.07,"end":224.23},{"text":"it","start":224.23,"end":224.35},{"text":"weakens","start":224.35,"end":224.95},{"text":"prospects","start":224.95,"end":225.67},{"text":"for","start":225.67,"end":225.87},{"text":"non-recurrence.","start":225.87,"end":226.71}]},{"text":"Regrettably, too often states respond to denialism through memory or security laws, which have also been problematic, serving as a pretext for censorship and the imposition of a single state-sanctioned narrative.","start":228.23,"end":246.95,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Regrettably,","start":228.23,"end":229.11},{"text":"too","start":229.27,"end":229.43},{"text":"often","start":229.43,"end":229.83},{"text":"states","start":229.83,"end":230.47},{"text":"respond","start":230.79,"end":231.39},{"text":"to","start":231.39,"end":231.47},{"text":"denialism","start":231.47,"end":232.31},{"text":"through","start":233.03,"end":233.43},{"text":"memory","start":233.43,"end":233.99},{"text":"or","start":233.99,"end":234.15},{"text":"security","start":234.15,"end":234.79},{"text":"laws,","start":234.79,"end":235.35},{"text":"which","start":236.19,"end":236.55},{"text":"have","start":236.87,"end":237.11},{"text":"also","start":237.11,"end":237.43},{"text":"been","start":237.43,"end":237.83},{"text":"problematic,","start":238.27,"end":239.03},{"text":"serving","start":239.03,"end":239.51},{"text":"as","start":239.51,"end":239.67},{"text":"a","start":239.67,"end":239.75},{"text":"pretext","start":239.75,"end":240.55},{"text":"for","start":240.55,"end":240.79},{"text":"censorship","start":240.79,"end":241.67},{"text":"and","start":242.31,"end":242.63},{"text":"the","start":242.71,"end":242.91},{"text":"imposition","start":242.91,"end":243.79},{"text":"of","start":243.79,"end":243.91},{"text":"a","start":243.91,"end":243.99},{"text":"single","start":243.99,"end":244.63},{"text":"state-sanctioned","start":244.87,"end":246.15},{"text":"narrative.","start":246.15,"end":246.95}]},{"text":"I'm recalling that international law requires the affirmative disclosure of accurate accounts of past violations to ensure maximum transparency, and states should disclose all this information to also ensure accountability, of course.","start":250.03,"end":268.15,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Information","start":269.11,"end":269.83},{"text":"concerning","start":269.83,"end":270.27},{"text":"international","start":270.27,"end":270.87},{"text":"crimes","start":270.87,"end":271.43},{"text":"must","start":271.43,"end":271.83},{"text":"never","start":271.83,"end":272.31},{"text":"be","start":272.31,"end":272.47},{"text":"subject","start":272.47,"end":272.91},{"text":"to","start":272.91,"end":273.03},{"text":"secrecy,","start":273.03,"end":273.59},{"text":"classification,","start":273.59,"end":274.71},{"text":"or","start":275.11,"end":275.51},{"text":"other","start":275.51,"end":275.91},{"text":"access","start":275.91,"end":276.31},{"text":"restrictions","start":276.31,"end":277.15},{"text":"that","start":277.15,"end":277.35},{"text":"do","start":277.35,"end":277.43},{"text":"not","start":277.43,"end":277.75},{"text":"comply","start":277.75,"end":278.39},{"text":"with","start":278.87,"end":279.11},{"text":"international","start":279.11,"end":279.83},{"text":"human","start":279.83,"end":280.15},{"text":"rights","start":280.15,"end":280.59},{"text":"standards.","start":280.59,"end":281.11}]},{"text":"In fact, freedom of expression, cultural rights, education, and access to knowledge are the most effective tools to counter denialism.","start":281.11,"end":290.47,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather","start":291.27,"end":291.71},{"text":"than","start":291.71,"end":291.91},{"text":"restrictive","start":291.91,"end":292.55},{"text":"legislation,","start":292.55,"end":293.27},{"text":"states","start":293.27,"end":293.71},{"text":"should","start":293.71,"end":293.83},{"text":"invest","start":293.83,"end":294.27},{"text":"in","start":294.27,"end":294.47},{"text":"inclusive,","start":294.47,"end":295.35},{"text":"evidence-based,","start":295.99,"end":297.11},{"text":"education,","start":298.03,"end":298.83},{"text":"critical","start":299.15,"end":299.71},{"text":"thinking,","start":299.71,"end":300.35},{"text":"digital","start":301.23,"end":301.75},{"text":"literacy,","start":301.75,"end":302.51},{"text":"and","start":302.67,"end":302.91},{"text":"robust","start":302.91,"end":303.47},{"text":"memorialization","start":303.47,"end":304.51},{"text":"processes.","start":304.51,"end":305.31}]},{"text":"Digital technologies, social media, and artificial intelligence systems have also amplified the scope, reach, and monetization of denialist content.","start":307.31,"end":318.19,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":318.75,"end":318.91},{"text":"I","start":318.91,"end":318.99},{"text":"call","start":318.99,"end":319.31},{"text":"on","start":319.31,"end":319.39},{"text":"technology","start":319.39,"end":320.03},{"text":"companies","start":320.27,"end":320.91},{"text":"to","start":320.91,"end":321.11},{"text":"redouble","start":321.11,"end":321.71},{"text":"their","start":321.71,"end":321.91},{"text":"efforts","start":321.91,"end":322.27},{"text":"to","start":322.27,"end":322.43},{"text":"ensure","start":322.43,"end":322.91},{"text":"regular","start":323.07,"end":323.55},{"text":"human","start":323.55,"end":323.87},{"text":"rights","start":323.87,"end":324.35},{"text":"due","start":324.59,"end":325.23},{"text":"diligence","start":325.23,"end":325.79},{"text":"and","start":325.79,"end":326.03},{"text":"review.","start":326.03,"end":326.43}]},{"text":"Technology companies must act with heightened diligence to avoid fueling denialism, disinformation, and hate speech.","start":327.19,"end":333.19,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Technology","start":327.19,"end":327.75},{"text":"companies","start":327.75,"end":328.31},{"text":"must","start":328.31,"end":328.63},{"text":"act","start":328.63,"end":328.91},{"text":"with","start":328.91,"end":329.11},{"text":"heightened","start":329.11,"end":329.55},{"text":"diligence","start":329.55,"end":329.99},{"text":"to","start":329.99,"end":330.11},{"text":"avoid","start":330.11,"end":330.39},{"text":"fueling","start":330.39,"end":330.75},{"text":"denialism,","start":330.75,"end":331.35},{"text":"disinformation,","start":331.35,"end":332.23},{"text":"and","start":332.23,"end":332.39},{"text":"hate","start":332.39,"end":332.75},{"text":"speech.","start":332.75,"end":333.19}]},{"text":"And to do so, they must ensure transparency, address business models that incentivize denialist content, and ensure remedies to ensure that their platforms are safe for marginalized persons or groups, as well as, of course, strengthening cooperation with civil society organizations.","start":333.47,"end":358.07,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":363.59,"end":363.75},{"text":"would","start":363.75,"end":363.91},{"text":"like","start":363.91,"end":364.15},{"text":"also","start":364.15,"end":364.47},{"text":"to","start":364.47,"end":364.67},{"text":"stress","start":364.71,"end":365.35},{"text":"on","start":365.87,"end":365.95},{"text":"this","start":365.95,"end":366.15},{"text":"last","start":366.15,"end":366.47},{"text":"note","start":366.47,"end":366.95},{"text":"that","start":367.35,"end":367.75},{"text":"my","start":370.87,"end":371.35},{"text":"next","start":371.35,"end":371.83},{"text":"report","start":371.83,"end":372.35},{"text":"to","start":372.35,"end":372.47},{"text":"the","start":372.47,"end":372.55},{"text":"General","start":372.55,"end":372.91},{"text":"Assembly","start":372.91,"end":373.27},{"text":"will","start":373.27,"end":373.47},{"text":"address","start":373.47,"end":373.95},{"text":"specifically","start":373.95,"end":374.95},{"text":"the","start":375.59,"end":375.79},{"text":"issue","start":375.79,"end":376.11},{"text":"of","start":376.11,"end":376.23},{"text":"new","start":376.23,"end":376.47},{"text":"technologies","start":376.47,"end":377.19},{"text":"and","start":377.19,"end":377.31},{"text":"transitional","start":377.31,"end":377.99},{"text":"justice.","start":377.99,"end":378.55}]},{"text":"So both reports will be complementary, and both reports are actually on my website.","start":379.03,"end":384.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":379.03,"end":379.43},{"text":"both","start":379.51,"end":379.91},{"text":"reports","start":379.91,"end":380.47},{"text":"will","start":380.47,"end":380.79},{"text":"be","start":380.79,"end":380.95},{"text":"complementary,","start":380.95,"end":381.91},{"text":"and","start":382.07,"end":382.27},{"text":"both","start":382.27,"end":382.55},{"text":"reports","start":382.55,"end":382.95},{"text":"are","start":382.95,"end":383.11},{"text":"actually","start":383.11,"end":383.51},{"text":"on","start":383.51,"end":383.83},{"text":"my","start":384.03,"end":384.23},{"text":"website.","start":384.23,"end":384.71}]},{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":385.39,"end":386.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":385.39,"end":385.55},{"text":"you","start":385.55,"end":385.63},{"text":"very","start":385.63,"end":385.79},{"text":"much.","start":385.79,"end":386.19}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Bernard Duhaime","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Special Rapporteur"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":388.31,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=6:29","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Mr. Duhaime.","start":388.31,"end":389.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":388.31,"end":388.75},{"text":"you,","start":388.75,"end":388.99},{"text":"Mr.","start":389.27,"end":389.55},{"text":"Duhaime.","start":389.55,"end":389.87}]},{"text":"The special rapporteur will now take questions.","start":389.87,"end":392.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":389.87,"end":390.03},{"text":"special","start":390.03,"end":390.35},{"text":"rapporteur","start":390.35,"end":390.71},{"text":"will","start":390.71,"end":390.91},{"text":"now","start":390.91,"end":391.15},{"text":"take","start":391.23,"end":391.51},{"text":"questions.","start":391.51,"end":392.27}]},{"text":"Please state your name and organization.","start":392.35,"end":394.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":392.35,"end":392.67},{"text":"state","start":392.67,"end":392.99},{"text":"your","start":392.99,"end":393.15},{"text":"name","start":393.15,"end":393.35},{"text":"and","start":393.35,"end":393.47},{"text":"organization.","start":393.47,"end":394.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":399.15,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=6:40","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Please. Yes, hello.","start":399.15,"end":399.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please.","start":399.15,"end":399.35},{"text":"Yes,","start":399.39,"end":399.51},{"text":"hello.","start":399.51,"end":399.75}]},{"text":"I'm going to ask the question in French.","start":399.75,"end":401.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I'm","start":399.75,"end":399.95},{"text":"going","start":399.95,"end":400.15},{"text":"to","start":400.15,"end":400.23},{"text":"ask","start":400.23,"end":400.35},{"text":"the","start":400.35,"end":400.43},{"text":"question","start":400.43,"end":400.71},{"text":"in","start":400.71,"end":400.79},{"text":"French.","start":400.79,"end":401.31}]},{"text":"Agnès Pedrero, journalist at the AFP in Geneva.","start":402.27,"end":405.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Agnès","start":402.27,"end":402.67},{"text":"Pedrero,","start":402.67,"end":403.31},{"text":"journalist","start":403.31,"end":403.79},{"text":"at","start":403.79,"end":403.91},{"text":"the","start":403.91,"end":404.03},{"text":"AFP","start":404.03,"end":404.55},{"text":"in","start":404.55,"end":404.63},{"text":"Geneva.","start":404.63,"end":405.83}]},{"text":"I have two questions.","start":405.83,"end":407.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":405.83,"end":405.87},{"text":"have","start":405.87,"end":405.99},{"text":"two","start":405.99,"end":406.59},{"text":"questions.","start":406.59,"end":407.03}]},{"text":"The first question concerns the report and the denialism that you have studied.","start":407.03,"end":413.23,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":413.59,"end":413.67},{"text":"voulais","start":413.67,"end":413.87},{"text":"savoir","start":413.91,"end":414.43},{"text":"si","start":414.43,"end":414.51},{"text":"vous","start":414.51,"end":414.63},{"text":"pouviez","start":414.67,"end":415.27},{"text":"nous","start":415.75,"end":416.11},{"text":"citer","start":416.11,"end":416.71},{"text":"quels","start":416.71,"end":417.03},{"text":"sont,","start":417.03,"end":417.39},{"text":"selon","start":417.43,"end":417.71},{"text":"vous,","start":417.71,"end":417.83},{"text":"les","start":417.83,"end":418.39},{"text":"exemples","start":418.39,"end":419.23},{"text":"les","start":419.23,"end":419.35},{"text":"plus","start":419.35,"end":419.63},{"text":"frappants,","start":419.63,"end":420.23},{"text":"les","start":420.23,"end":420.83},{"text":"plus","start":420.83,"end":421.03},{"text":"récents,","start":421.03,"end":421.83},{"text":"sur","start":422.15,"end":422.35},{"text":"ce","start":422.35,"end":422.43},{"text":"dénielisme.","start":422.43,"end":423.27}]},{"text":"Quels sont les exemples les plus alarmants?","start":424.79,"end":427.59,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Quels","start":424.79,"end":425.35},{"text":"sont","start":425.51,"end":425.67},{"text":"les","start":425.75,"end":425.87},{"text":"exemples","start":425.95,"end":426.47},{"text":"les","start":426.47,"end":426.71},{"text":"plus","start":426.71,"end":427.15},{"text":"alarmants?","start":427.15,"end":427.59}]},{"text":"Et puis la seconde question concerne le sujet que vous avez évoqué, l'héritage des essais nucléaires aux îles Marshall.","start":428.39,"end":437.03,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":428.39,"end":428.55},{"text":"puis","start":428.55,"end":428.87},{"text":"la","start":428.87,"end":428.95},{"text":"seconde","start":429.11,"end":429.51},{"text":"question","start":429.51,"end":429.99},{"text":"concerne","start":429.99,"end":430.99},{"text":"le","start":430.99,"end":431.07},{"text":"sujet","start":431.07,"end":431.31},{"text":"que","start":431.31,"end":431.43},{"text":"vous","start":431.43,"end":431.55},{"text":"avez","start":431.55,"end":431.71},{"text":"évoqué,","start":431.71,"end":432.07},{"text":"l'héritage","start":433.75,"end":434.31},{"text":"des","start":434.31,"end":434.39},{"text":"essais","start":434.47,"end":434.71},{"text":"nucléaires","start":434.71,"end":435.31},{"text":"aux","start":435.31,"end":435.43},{"text":"îles","start":436.23,"end":436.39},{"text":"Marshall.","start":436.47,"end":437.03}]},{"text":"Qu'est-ce que vous pouvez nous dire à ce sujet?","start":437.03,"end":439.11,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Qu'est-ce","start":437.03,"end":437.75},{"text":"que","start":437.83,"end":437.99},{"text":"vous","start":437.99,"end":438.11},{"text":"pouvez","start":438.11,"end":438.31},{"text":"nous","start":438.43,"end":438.55},{"text":"dire","start":438.55,"end":438.71},{"text":"à","start":438.71,"end":438.75},{"text":"ce","start":438.75,"end":438.83},{"text":"sujet?","start":438.83,"end":439.11}]},{"text":"Quelles activités vous avez menées en relation.","start":439.11,"end":441.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Quelles","start":439.11,"end":439.35},{"text":"activités","start":439.35,"end":439.83},{"text":"vous","start":439.83,"end":439.99},{"text":"avez","start":439.99,"end":440.15},{"text":"menées","start":440.15,"end":440.67},{"text":"en","start":440.87,"end":441.15},{"text":"relation.","start":441.15,"end":441.59}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Agnès Pedrero","affiliation":"AFP","affiliation_full":"AFP","group":null,"function":"Journalist"}},{"statement_number":5,"start":449.07,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=7:30","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much.","start":449.07,"end":450.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":449.07,"end":449.43},{"text":"you","start":449.43,"end":449.87},{"text":"very","start":449.87,"end":450.27},{"text":"much.","start":450.27,"end":450.67}]},{"text":"Merci beaucoup, Madame Pedrero.","start":450.67,"end":452.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Merci","start":450.67,"end":450.95},{"text":"beaucoup,","start":450.95,"end":451.15},{"text":"Madame","start":451.15,"end":451.47},{"text":"Pedrero.","start":451.47,"end":452.43}]},{"text":"Je vais répondre en français.","start":452.91,"end":454.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":452.91,"end":453.03},{"text":"vais","start":453.03,"end":453.15},{"text":"répondre","start":453.15,"end":453.51},{"text":"en","start":453.51,"end":453.59},{"text":"français.","start":453.59,"end":454.03}]},{"text":"Mon rapport sur le révisionnisme, le négationnisme et la justice transitionnelle présente toute une série d'exemples contemporains de ces formes de violation des droits.","start":456.35,"end":469.23,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. 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Mladic a été faite devant le Tribunal pénal pour l'ex-Yougoslavie et par les instances subséquentes.","start":579.79,"end":607.11,"topics":[{"key":"srebrenica-genocide","label":"Srebrenica Genocide Denial","description":"A concrete example discussed was the glorification of Radko Mladić and the continued denial or minimization of the Srebrenica genocide. This was presented as an alarming case of honoring a convicted perpetrator despite extensive factual and judicial documentation."},{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":579.79,"end":579.95},{"text":"je","start":579.95,"end":580.11},{"text":"rappellerai","start":580.11,"end":580.63},{"text":"à","start":580.63,"end":580.67},{"text":"cet","start":580.67,"end":580.99},{"text":"égard","start":580.99,"end":581.47},{"text":"que","start":581.47,"end":581.87},{"text":"non","start":582.43,"end":582.75},{"text":"seulement","start":582.75,"end":583.35},{"text":"il","start":583.35,"end":583.43},{"text":"y","start":583.43,"end":583.47},{"text":"a","start":583.47,"end":583.51},{"text":"une","start":583.51,"end":583.79},{"text":"multitude","start":583.79,"end":584.59},{"text":"d'initiatives,","start":584.87,"end":586.07},{"text":"de","start":586.11,"end":586.19},{"text":"documentations","start":586.27,"end":587.43},{"text":"de","start":588.03,"end":588.19},{"text":"ce","start":588.19,"end":588.39},{"text":"génocide","start":588.95,"end":589.71},{"text":"qui","start":589.71,"end":589.79},{"text":"ont","start":589.79,"end":589.99},{"text":"eu","start":589.99,"end":590.51},{"text":"lieu","start":590.71,"end":590.83},{"text":"par","start":591.31,"end":591.47},{"text":"la","start":591.47,"end":591.55},{"text":"société","start":591.55,"end":591.99},{"text":"civile,","start":591.99,"end":592.31},{"text":"y","start":592.31,"end":592.35},{"text":"compris","start":592.35,"end":592.75},{"text":"par","start":592.75,"end":592.91},{"text":"les","start":592.91,"end":593.03},{"text":"médias,","start":593.03,"end":593.47},{"text":"mais","start":593.47,"end":593.99},{"text":"que","start":593.99,"end":594.19},{"text":"la","start":594.19,"end":594.35},{"text":"démonstration","start":594.35,"end":595.55},{"text":"juridique","start":595.71,"end":596.75},{"text":"de","start":597.39,"end":597.59},{"text":"ce","start":598.11,"end":598.31},{"text":"génocide","start":598.35,"end":599.07},{"text":"et","start":599.07,"end":599.19},{"text":"de","start":599.19,"end":599.47},{"text":"l'implication","start":599.47,"end":600.59},{"text":"de","start":600.59,"end":600.71},{"text":"M.","start":600.71,"end":600.87},{"text":"Mladic","start":600.87,"end":601.71},{"text":"a","start":602.27,"end":602.39},{"text":"été","start":602.39,"end":602.59},{"text":"faite","start":602.59,"end":602.99},{"text":"devant","start":603.15,"end":603.47},{"text":"le","start":603.47,"end":603.55},{"text":"Tribunal","start":603.55,"end":603.95},{"text":"pénal","start":603.95,"end":604.27},{"text":"pour","start":604.27,"end":604.39},{"text":"l'ex-Yougoslavie","start":604.39,"end":605.71},{"text":"et","start":605.71,"end":605.79},{"text":"par","start":605.79,"end":605.91},{"text":"les","start":605.91,"end":606.11},{"text":"instances","start":606.11,"end":606.47},{"text":"subséquentes.","start":606.47,"end":607.11}]},{"text":"Donc, je trouve ça extrêmement alarmant qu'aujourd'hui, en 2026, on porte un regard a posteriori sur ce qui s'est produit et qu'on glorifie les actions d'une personne qui a commis ces atrocités dans ce contexte.","start":607.83,"end":625.07,"topics":[{"key":"srebrenica-genocide","label":"Srebrenica Genocide Denial","description":"A concrete example discussed was the glorification of Radko Mladić and the continued denial or minimization of the Srebrenica genocide. This was presented as an alarming case of honoring a convicted perpetrator despite extensive factual and judicial documentation."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc,","start":607.83,"end":608.15},{"text":"je","start":608.15,"end":608.31},{"text":"trouve","start":608.31,"end":608.59},{"text":"ça","start":608.59,"end":608.67},{"text":"extrêmement","start":608.67,"end":609.39},{"text":"alarmant","start":609.39,"end":610.11},{"text":"qu'aujourd'hui,","start":610.11,"end":611.27},{"text":"en","start":611.75,"end":611.83},{"text":"2026,","start":611.83,"end":612.95},{"text":"on","start":614.47,"end":615.03},{"text":"porte","start":615.03,"end":615.35},{"text":"un","start":615.35,"end":615.51},{"text":"regard","start":615.51,"end":616.23},{"text":"a","start":616.23,"end":616.47},{"text":"posteriori","start":616.47,"end":617.27},{"text":"sur","start":617.27,"end":617.67},{"text":"ce","start":617.67,"end":617.75},{"text":"qui","start":617.75,"end":617.83},{"text":"s'est","start":617.99,"end":618.75},{"text":"produit","start":618.75,"end":619.03},{"text":"et","start":619.03,"end":619.11},{"text":"qu'on","start":619.11,"end":619.35},{"text":"glorifie","start":619.35,"end":619.95},{"text":"les","start":619.95,"end":620.15},{"text":"actions","start":620.15,"end":620.47},{"text":"d'une","start":620.47,"end":620.71},{"text":"personne","start":620.71,"end":621.27},{"text":"qui","start":621.51,"end":621.59},{"text":"a","start":622.07,"end":622.23},{"text":"commis","start":622.23,"end":622.91},{"text":"ces","start":622.91,"end":623.03},{"text":"atrocités","start":623.03,"end":623.39},{"text":"dans","start":623.39,"end":623.55},{"text":"ce","start":623.55,"end":624.15},{"text":"contexte.","start":624.55,"end":625.07}]},{"text":"Donc ça, ça répond à votre première question.","start":625.07,"end":626.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Donc","start":625.07,"end":625.23},{"text":"ça,","start":625.23,"end":625.35},{"text":"ça","start":625.35,"end":625.43},{"text":"répond","start":625.43,"end":625.79},{"text":"à","start":625.79,"end":625.83},{"text":"votre","start":625.83,"end":626.03},{"text":"première","start":626.03,"end":626.31},{"text":"question.","start":626.31,"end":626.75}]},{"text":"En ce qui a trait à votre deuxième question sur les îles Marshall, Je suis allé aux îles Marshall il y a quelques semaines dans le cadre de la commémoration de la Journée internationale contre les essais nucléaires.","start":626.75,"end":643.07,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":626.75,"end":626.87},{"text":"ce","start":627.59,"end":627.67},{"text":"qui","start":628.55,"end":628.63},{"text":"a","start":628.95,"end":629.11},{"text":"trait","start":629.11,"end":629.35},{"text":"à","start":629.35,"end":629.55},{"text":"votre","start":629.55,"end":629.83},{"text":"deuxième","start":629.83,"end":630.39},{"text":"question","start":630.39,"end":630.87},{"text":"sur","start":630.87,"end":630.99},{"text":"les","start":630.99,"end":631.15},{"text":"îles","start":631.15,"end":631.51},{"text":"Marshall,","start":631.51,"end":632.23},{"text":"Je","start":634.67,"end":634.75},{"text":"suis","start":634.75,"end":634.99},{"text":"allé","start":634.99,"end":635.27},{"text":"aux","start":635.27,"end":635.39},{"text":"îles","start":635.39,"end":635.55},{"text":"Marshall","start":635.55,"end":636.27},{"text":"il","start":636.35,"end":636.51},{"text":"y","start":636.51,"end":636.59},{"text":"a","start":636.59,"end":636.67},{"text":"quelques","start":636.67,"end":637.11},{"text":"semaines","start":637.11,"end":637.63},{"text":"dans","start":638.27,"end":638.47},{"text":"le","start":638.47,"end":638.55},{"text":"cadre","start":638.55,"end":639.15},{"text":"de","start":639.15,"end":639.35},{"text":"la","start":639.35,"end":639.43},{"text":"commémoration","start":639.43,"end":640.59},{"text":"de","start":640.59,"end":640.67},{"text":"la","start":640.67,"end":640.83},{"text":"Journée","start":640.83,"end":641.07},{"text":"internationale","start":641.07,"end":641.71},{"text":"contre","start":641.71,"end":642.03},{"text":"les","start":642.03,"end":642.19},{"text":"essais","start":642.19,"end":642.47},{"text":"nucléaires.","start":642.47,"end":643.07}]},{"text":"Il s'agissait d'un événement qui avait lieu au Collège des îles Marshall, une des institutions d'enseignement supérieur aux îles Marshall.","start":644.75,"end":654.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Il","start":644.75,"end":644.83},{"text":"s'agissait","start":644.83,"end":645.23},{"text":"d'un","start":645.23,"end":645.55},{"text":"événement","start":645.55,"end":645.99},{"text":"qui","start":645.99,"end":646.07},{"text":"avait","start":646.07,"end":646.27},{"text":"lieu","start":646.27,"end":646.75},{"text":"au","start":647.07,"end":647.23},{"text":"Collège","start":647.39,"end":648.11},{"text":"des","start":648.11,"end":648.31},{"text":"îles","start":648.31,"end":648.43},{"text":"Marshall,","start":648.51,"end":649.15},{"text":"une","start":649.91,"end":649.99},{"text":"des","start":650.03,"end":650.11},{"text":"institutions","start":650.11,"end":650.67},{"text":"d'enseignement","start":651.07,"end":652.15},{"text":"supérieur","start":652.15,"end":652.83},{"text":"aux","start":652.83,"end":652.95},{"text":"îles","start":653.23,"end":653.55},{"text":"Marshall.","start":653.55,"end":654.11}]},{"text":"Mais ça m'a aussi permis de rencontrer les victimes.","start":655.39,"end":660.47,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Mais","start":655.39,"end":655.59},{"text":"ça","start":655.59,"end":655.67},{"text":"m'a","start":655.67,"end":655.87},{"text":"aussi","start":655.87,"end":656.11},{"text":"permis","start":656.11,"end":656.87},{"text":"de","start":656.91,"end":657.11},{"text":"rencontrer","start":657.87,"end":658.83},{"text":"les","start":659.67,"end":659.79},{"text":"victimes.","start":659.79,"end":660.47}]},{"text":"et les descendants, donc les descendants des victimes des essais nucléaires qui ont eu lieu dans l'archipel entre 1946 et 1958.","start":661.79,"end":671.47,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."},{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"et","start":661.79,"end":661.83},{"text":"les","start":661.87,"end":662.03},{"text":"descendants,","start":662.03,"end":662.91},{"text":"donc","start":662.91,"end":663.23},{"text":"les","start":663.87,"end":664.03},{"text":"descendants","start":664.03,"end":664.43},{"text":"des","start":664.43,"end":664.51},{"text":"victimes","start":664.51,"end":665.03},{"text":"des","start":665.79,"end":666.03},{"text":"essais","start":666.11,"end":666.35},{"text":"nucléaires","start":666.35,"end":666.91},{"text":"qui","start":666.91,"end":666.99},{"text":"ont","start":666.99,"end":667.19},{"text":"eu","start":667.19,"end":667.55},{"text":"lieu","start":667.67,"end":667.79},{"text":"dans","start":667.83,"end":667.99},{"text":"l'archipel","start":667.99,"end":668.79},{"text":"entre","start":668.79,"end":669.07},{"text":"1946","start":669.07,"end":670.11},{"text":"et","start":670.11,"end":670.19},{"text":"1958.","start":670.19,"end":671.47}]},{"text":"Comme vous savez, il y a eu plus de 67, non, il y a eu 67 essais sur deux atolls, l'atoll de Enewetak et l'atoll de Bikini.","start":672.75,"end":683.07,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. 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ça mettait en danger leur santé.","start":771.19,"end":772.75,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc","start":771.19,"end":771.39},{"text":"ça","start":771.39,"end":771.51},{"text":"mettait","start":771.51,"end":771.95},{"text":"en","start":771.95,"end":772.03},{"text":"danger","start":772.03,"end":772.39},{"text":"leur","start":772.39,"end":772.55},{"text":"santé.","start":772.55,"end":772.75}]},{"text":"Ils ont dû être ré-évacués une deuxième fois.","start":772.75,"end":774.95,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Ils","start":772.75,"end":772.95},{"text":"ont","start":772.95,"end":773.19},{"text":"dû","start":773.19,"end":773.31},{"text":"être","start":773.31,"end":773.55},{"text":"ré-évacués","start":773.59,"end":774.19},{"text":"une","start":774.19,"end":774.31},{"text":"deuxième","start":774.31,"end":774.71},{"text":"fois.","start":774.71,"end":774.95}]},{"text":"Alors, vous pouvez imaginer toute la constellation de dommages que ces gens-là ont subi.","start":776.59,"end":785.23,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Alors,","start":776.59,"end":777.35},{"text":"vous","start":777.35,"end":777.47},{"text":"pouvez","start":777.47,"end":777.83},{"text":"imaginer","start":777.83,"end":778.95},{"text":"toute","start":779.03,"end":779.99},{"text":"la","start":780.87,"end":781.03},{"text":"constellation","start":781.03,"end":782.23},{"text":"de","start":782.23,"end":782.43},{"text":"dommages","start":782.43,"end":782.95},{"text":"que","start":782.95,"end":783.11},{"text":"ces","start":783.11,"end":783.35},{"text":"gens-là","start":783.35,"end":784.03},{"text":"ont","start":784.03,"end":784.31},{"text":"subi.","start":785.03,"end":785.23}]},{"text":"J'ai été particulièrement alarmé du fait que, depuis l'indépendance des îles Marshall, qui était sous mandat des Nations Unies, mais par les États-Unis d'Amérique, la passation de la de la souveraineté en 1986, c'est accompagné d'une entente bilatérale qui prévoit une compensation financière en échange de l'impossibilité pour les victimes de pouvoir présenter des recours pour les dommages passés, présents et futurs dus aux essais nucléaires.","start":785.23,"end":822.43,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"J'ai","start":785.23,"end":785.51},{"text":"été","start":785.51,"end":785.59},{"text":"particulièrement","start":785.59,"end":786.35},{"text":"alarmé","start":786.35,"end":786.63},{"text":"du","start":786.63,"end":786.87},{"text":"fait","start":786.87,"end":787.11},{"text":"que,","start":787.11,"end":787.43},{"text":"depuis","start":789.67,"end":790.75},{"text":"l'indépendance","start":790.75,"end":791.71},{"text":"des","start":791.71,"end":791.79},{"text":"îles","start":791.79,"end":791.99},{"text":"Marshall,","start":792.07,"end":792.71},{"text":"qui","start":794.27,"end":794.39},{"text":"était","start":794.39,"end":795.03},{"text":"sous","start":795.19,"end":795.35},{"text":"mandat","start":795.35,"end":795.75},{"text":"des","start":795.75,"end":795.83},{"text":"Nations","start":795.83,"end":796.23},{"text":"Unies,","start":796.23,"end":796.63},{"text":"mais","start":796.95,"end":797.27},{"text":"par","start":797.59,"end":798.07},{"text":"les","start":798.11,"end":798.23},{"text":"États-Unis","start":798.35,"end":798.75},{"text":"d'Amérique,","start":798.75,"end":799.51},{"text":"la","start":801.35,"end":801.47},{"text":"passation","start":801.47,"end":802.31},{"text":"de","start":802.31,"end":802.43},{"text":"la","start":802.43,"end":802.63},{"text":"de","start":803.27,"end":803.31},{"text":"la","start":803.39,"end":803.47},{"text":"souveraineté","start":803.47,"end":804.35},{"text":"en","start":804.35,"end":804.55},{"text":"1986,","start":804.55,"end":805.27},{"text":"c'est","start":805.31,"end":806.27},{"text":"accompagné","start":806.27,"end":806.83},{"text":"d'une","start":806.83,"end":807.07},{"text":"entente","start":807.07,"end":807.71},{"text":"bilatérale","start":807.95,"end":808.67},{"text":"qui","start":808.75,"end":808.83},{"text":"prévoit","start":808.83,"end":809.51},{"text":"une","start":810.39,"end":810.59},{"text":"compensation","start":810.59,"end":811.23},{"text":"financière","start":811.23,"end":812.11},{"text":"en","start":812.11,"end":812.35},{"text":"échange","start":812.35,"end":812.83},{"text":"de","start":812.83,"end":813.03},{"text":"l'impossibilité","start":814.31,"end":815.15},{"text":"pour","start":815.15,"end":815.27},{"text":"les","start":815.27,"end":815.39},{"text":"victimes","start":815.39,"end":815.71},{"text":"de","start":815.71,"end":815.79},{"text":"pouvoir","start":815.79,"end":816.03},{"text":"présenter","start":816.03,"end":816.55},{"text":"des","start":816.55,"end":816.67},{"text":"recours","start":816.67,"end":817.15},{"text":"pour","start":817.71,"end":817.83},{"text":"les","start":817.83,"end":817.95},{"text":"dommages","start":817.95,"end":818.31},{"text":"passés,","start":818.31,"end":818.71},{"text":"présents","start":818.71,"end":819.03},{"text":"et","start":819.03,"end":819.11},{"text":"futurs","start":819.11,"end":819.59},{"text":"dus","start":820.27,"end":820.75},{"text":"aux","start":821.07,"end":821.47},{"text":"essais","start":821.47,"end":821.99},{"text":"nucléaires.","start":821.99,"end":822.43}]},{"text":"Et je pense que ça pose un problème assez important sur le plan de la situation actuelle.","start":822.43,"end":827.55,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":822.43,"end":822.51},{"text":"je","start":822.51,"end":822.59},{"text":"pense","start":822.59,"end":822.83},{"text":"que","start":822.83,"end":822.99},{"text":"ça","start":823.03,"end":823.15},{"text":"pose","start":823.15,"end":823.35},{"text":"un","start":823.35,"end":823.63},{"text":"problème","start":823.63,"end":824.11},{"text":"assez","start":824.11,"end":824.27},{"text":"important","start":824.27,"end":824.79},{"text":"sur","start":824.79,"end":824.91},{"text":"le","start":824.91,"end":824.99},{"text":"plan","start":824.99,"end":825.31},{"text":"de","start":826.03,"end":826.15},{"text":"la","start":826.47,"end":826.59},{"text":"situation","start":826.59,"end":827.03},{"text":"actuelle.","start":827.03,"end":827.55}]},{"text":"Vous n'êtes pas sans savoir que Il y a encore d'énormes problèmes de santé aux îles Marshall, les taux de cancer et de maladies de la thyroïde et d'autres types de cancer, entre autres en matière de santé reproductive des femmes, qui sont alarmants.","start":827.55,"end":840.99,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Vous","start":827.55,"end":827.71},{"text":"n'êtes","start":827.83,"end":828.11},{"text":"pas","start":828.19,"end":828.35},{"text":"sans","start":828.35,"end":828.55},{"text":"savoir","start":828.55,"end":829.07},{"text":"que","start":829.07,"end":829.47},{"text":"Il","start":830.39,"end":830.43},{"text":"y","start":830.43,"end":830.47},{"text":"a","start":830.47,"end":830.51},{"text":"encore","start":830.51,"end":830.87},{"text":"d'énormes","start":830.87,"end":831.43},{"text":"problèmes","start":831.43,"end":831.91},{"text":"de","start":831.91,"end":831.99},{"text":"santé","start":831.99,"end":832.43},{"text":"aux","start":832.43,"end":832.55},{"text":"îles","start":832.55,"end":832.75},{"text":"Marshall,","start":832.83,"end":833.35},{"text":"les","start":833.35,"end":833.47},{"text":"taux","start":833.47,"end":833.79},{"text":"de","start":833.79,"end":833.95},{"text":"cancer","start":833.95,"end":834.51},{"text":"et","start":834.51,"end":834.59},{"text":"de","start":834.59,"end":834.71},{"text":"maladies","start":834.71,"end":835.19},{"text":"de","start":835.19,"end":835.27},{"text":"la","start":835.27,"end":835.35},{"text":"thyroïde","start":835.39,"end":835.71},{"text":"et","start":835.71,"end":835.79},{"text":"d'autres","start":835.79,"end":836.19},{"text":"types","start":836.19,"end":836.35},{"text":"de","start":836.35,"end":836.51},{"text":"cancer,","start":836.51,"end":836.79},{"text":"entre","start":836.79,"end":836.99},{"text":"autres","start":836.99,"end":837.23},{"text":"en","start":837.23,"end":837.31},{"text":"matière","start":837.31,"end":837.63},{"text":"de","start":837.63,"end":837.71},{"text":"santé","start":837.71,"end":837.95},{"text":"reproductive","start":837.95,"end":838.67},{"text":"des","start":838.67,"end":838.83},{"text":"femmes,","start":838.83,"end":839.27},{"text":"qui","start":839.63,"end":839.71},{"text":"sont","start":839.79,"end":840.27},{"text":"alarmants.","start":840.35,"end":840.99}]},{"text":"Et c'est très difficile pour les personnes de pouvoir faire des dépistages précoces de ces cancers.","start":840.99,"end":847.75,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":840.99,"end":841.07},{"text":"c'est","start":841.07,"end":841.59},{"text":"très","start":841.59,"end":841.75},{"text":"difficile","start":841.75,"end":842.11},{"text":"pour","start":842.11,"end":842.43},{"text":"les","start":842.43,"end":842.59},{"text":"personnes","start":842.59,"end":843.07},{"text":"de","start":843.07,"end":843.15},{"text":"pouvoir","start":843.15,"end":843.47},{"text":"faire","start":843.47,"end":843.95},{"text":"des","start":844.27,"end":844.35},{"text":"dépistages","start":844.59,"end":845.75},{"text":"précoces","start":846.75,"end":847.27},{"text":"de","start":847.27,"end":847.35},{"text":"ces","start":847.35,"end":847.47},{"text":"cancers.","start":847.47,"end":847.75}]},{"text":"Et souvent, quand ils apprennent, ils ont le cancer, c'est souvent trop **** pour les soigner.","start":847.95,"end":852.35,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":847.95,"end":848.03},{"text":"souvent,","start":848.03,"end":848.27},{"text":"quand","start":848.27,"end":848.55},{"text":"ils","start":848.59,"end":849.11},{"text":"apprennent,","start":849.11,"end":849.59},{"text":"ils","start":849.59,"end":849.79},{"text":"ont","start":849.79,"end":849.99},{"text":"le","start":849.99,"end":850.07},{"text":"cancer,","start":850.07,"end":850.31},{"text":"c'est","start":850.31,"end":850.95},{"text":"souvent","start":850.95,"end":851.19},{"text":"trop","start":851.19,"end":851.35},{"text":"****","start":851.35,"end":851.55},{"text":"pour","start":851.55,"end":851.75},{"text":"les","start":851.75,"end":851.91},{"text":"soigner.","start":851.91,"end":852.35}]},{"text":"Donc, il y a des problèmes de santé qui sont assez importants, des problèmes liés à l'environnement qui sont également très importants.","start":853.15,"end":858.67,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."},{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc,","start":853.15,"end":853.35},{"text":"il","start":853.35,"end":853.43},{"text":"y","start":853.43,"end":853.47},{"text":"a","start":853.47,"end":853.55},{"text":"des","start":853.55,"end":853.75},{"text":"problèmes","start":853.75,"end":854.15},{"text":"de","start":854.15,"end":854.23},{"text":"santé","start":854.23,"end":854.43},{"text":"qui","start":854.43,"end":854.51},{"text":"sont","start":854.51,"end":854.79},{"text":"assez","start":854.79,"end":854.95},{"text":"importants,","start":854.95,"end":855.43},{"text":"des","start":855.43,"end":855.51},{"text":"problèmes","start":855.51,"end":855.91},{"text":"liés","start":855.91,"end":856.03},{"text":"à","start":856.03,"end":856.07},{"text":"l'environnement","start":856.07,"end":856.95},{"text":"qui","start":856.95,"end":857.03},{"text":"sont","start":857.03,"end":857.35},{"text":"également","start":857.35,"end":857.83},{"text":"très","start":857.83,"end":858.11},{"text":"importants.","start":858.11,"end":858.67}]},{"text":"Vous avez peut-être entendu parler du dôme runite qui est sur l'atoll de Enewetak, où il y a eu d'autres essais.","start":858.95,"end":867.07,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."}],"words":[{"text":"Vous","start":858.95,"end":859.15},{"text":"avez","start":859.15,"end":859.31},{"text":"peut-être","start":859.31,"end":859.67},{"text":"entendu","start":859.67,"end":860.07},{"text":"parler","start":860.07,"end":860.43},{"text":"du","start":860.43,"end":860.63},{"text":"dôme","start":860.63,"end":860.99},{"text":"runite","start":860.99,"end":861.23},{"text":"qui","start":861.23,"end":861.31},{"text":"est","start":861.31,"end":861.95},{"text":"sur","start":861.95,"end":862.43},{"text":"l'atoll","start":863.95,"end":864.59},{"text":"de","start":864.59,"end":864.75},{"text":"Enewetak,","start":864.75,"end":865.39},{"text":"où","start":865.39,"end":865.47},{"text":"il","start":865.47,"end":865.55},{"text":"y","start":865.63,"end":865.67},{"text":"a","start":865.67,"end":865.71},{"text":"eu","start":865.75,"end":866.03},{"text":"d'autres","start":866.03,"end":866.67},{"text":"essais.","start":866.67,"end":867.07}]},{"text":"Un cratère qui a été fait par l'une des explosions des armes à l'époque a par la suite été comblé avec des déchets nucléaires des autres essais et, de ce que j'en comprends, également de déchets nucléaires en provenance du Nevada, aux États-Unis.","start":868.91,"end":888.19,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."},{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Un","start":868.91,"end":869.07},{"text":"cratère","start":869.07,"end":869.95},{"text":"qui","start":870.91,"end":871.03},{"text":"a","start":871.03,"end":871.07},{"text":"été","start":871.07,"end":871.31},{"text":"fait","start":873.39,"end":873.75},{"text":"par","start":873.75,"end":874.07},{"text":"l'une","start":874.07,"end":874.31},{"text":"des","start":874.31,"end":874.39},{"text":"explosions","start":874.39,"end":875.79},{"text":"des","start":875.79,"end":875.87},{"text":"armes","start":875.87,"end":876.11},{"text":"à","start":876.11,"end":876.15},{"text":"l'époque","start":876.15,"end":876.51},{"text":"a","start":877.07,"end":877.15},{"text":"par","start":877.15,"end":877.31},{"text":"la","start":877.31,"end":877.39},{"text":"suite","start":877.39,"end":877.79},{"text":"été","start":877.79,"end":877.87},{"text":"comblé","start":877.87,"end":878.43},{"text":"avec","start":878.43,"end":878.91},{"text":"des","start":878.91,"end":879.47},{"text":"déchets","start":879.47,"end":879.95},{"text":"nucléaires","start":879.95,"end":880.43},{"text":"des","start":880.43,"end":880.55},{"text":"autres","start":880.59,"end":881.07},{"text":"essais","start":881.07,"end":881.35},{"text":"et,","start":881.35,"end":881.47},{"text":"de","start":881.47,"end":881.55},{"text":"ce","start":882.07,"end":882.43},{"text":"que","start":882.75,"end":882.91},{"text":"j'en","start":882.91,"end":883.19},{"text":"comprends,","start":883.19,"end":883.59},{"text":"également","start":883.59,"end":884.07},{"text":"de","start":884.07,"end":884.23},{"text":"déchets","start":884.23,"end":884.51},{"text":"nucléaires","start":884.51,"end":884.99},{"text":"en","start":884.99,"end":885.07},{"text":"provenance","start":885.07,"end":885.71},{"text":"du","start":885.71,"end":886.03},{"text":"Nevada,","start":886.03,"end":886.59},{"text":"aux","start":887.55,"end":887.67},{"text":"États-Unis.","start":887.71,"end":888.19}]},{"text":"And by the time, this crater was covered with a dome in cement.","start":888.55,"end":896.31,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":888.55,"end":888.71},{"text":"by","start":888.71,"end":888.99},{"text":"the","start":888.99,"end":889.11},{"text":"time,","start":889.11,"end":889.75},{"text":"this","start":889.95,"end":891.03},{"text":"crater","start":891.03,"end":892.31},{"text":"was","start":892.31,"end":892.87},{"text":"covered","start":892.95,"end":893.67},{"text":"with","start":893.67,"end":893.79},{"text":"a","start":893.79,"end":893.83},{"text":"dome","start":893.83,"end":894.31},{"text":"in","start":895.67,"end":895.83},{"text":"cement.","start":895.83,"end":896.31}]},{"text":"And obviously, in 1986, when the Marshall Islands became sovereign as a new state, they inherited this dome and the waste it contains.","start":897.91,"end":910.19,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. 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Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":910.71,"end":910.83},{"text":"this","start":910.95,"end":911.27},{"text":"dome","start":911.27,"end":911.67},{"text":"is","start":911.67,"end":912.03},{"text":"located","start":912.03,"end":912.79},{"text":"a","start":912.87,"end":912.91},{"text":"few","start":912.91,"end":913.27},{"text":"centimeters","start":913.35,"end":914.95},{"text":"above","start":914.95,"end":915.43},{"text":"the","start":916.55,"end":916.95},{"text":"sea","start":917.19,"end":917.71},{"text":"level.","start":918.03,"end":918.23}]},{"text":"But you have understood that with the warming climate and the rise of the level of the oceans, well, it seems that this dome will not be able to contain the nuclear waste that is buried.","start":918.39,"end":931.71,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":918.39,"end":919.07},{"text":"you","start":919.07,"end":919.19},{"text":"have","start":919.19,"end":919.39},{"text":"understood","start":919.39,"end":919.75},{"text":"that","start":919.87,"end":919.99},{"text":"with","start":920.03,"end":920.15},{"text":"the","start":920.19,"end":920.31},{"text":"warming","start":920.31,"end":920.63},{"text":"climate","start":920.63,"end":921.27},{"text":"and","start":921.27,"end":921.43},{"text":"the","start":921.43,"end":921.51},{"text":"rise","start":921.51,"end":921.75},{"text":"of","start":921.75,"end":922.07},{"text":"the","start":922.47,"end":922.75},{"text":"level","start":922.75,"end":923.03},{"text":"of","start":923.03,"end":923.11},{"text":"the","start":923.11,"end":923.39},{"text":"oceans,","start":923.39,"end":923.71},{"text":"well,","start":923.71,"end":923.95},{"text":"it","start":923.95,"end":924.23},{"text":"seems","start":925.19,"end":925.71},{"text":"that","start":925.71,"end":925.87},{"text":"this","start":925.87,"end":926.31},{"text":"dome","start":926.31,"end":926.67},{"text":"will","start":926.67,"end":926.79},{"text":"not","start":926.79,"end":926.91},{"text":"be","start":926.91,"end":926.99},{"text":"able","start":926.99,"end":928.07},{"text":"to","start":928.07,"end":928.15},{"text":"contain","start":928.15,"end":928.95},{"text":"the","start":929.43,"end":929.75},{"text":"nuclear","start":929.75,"end":930.39},{"text":"waste","start":930.51,"end":930.87},{"text":"that","start":930.87,"end":931.11},{"text":"is","start":931.11,"end":931.19},{"text":"buried.","start":931.19,"end":931.71}]},{"text":"From what I understand, there are already leaks of contaminated liquid that have occurred.","start":932.63,"end":940.19,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":932.63,"end":933.43},{"text":"what","start":933.43,"end":933.75},{"text":"I","start":934.39,"end":934.43},{"text":"understand,","start":934.43,"end":935.99},{"text":"there","start":935.99,"end":936.19},{"text":"are","start":936.19,"end":936.27},{"text":"already","start":936.27,"end":936.95},{"text":"leaks","start":937.31,"end":937.47},{"text":"of","start":937.63,"end":937.71},{"text":"contaminated","start":937.71,"end":938.47},{"text":"liquid","start":938.47,"end":938.83},{"text":"that","start":938.83,"end":938.95},{"text":"have","start":939.03,"end":939.19},{"text":"occurred.","start":939.31,"end":940.19}]},{"text":"So it's a bomb with a delay environmental.","start":940.59,"end":944.15,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}],"words":[{"text":"So","start":940.59,"end":940.79},{"text":"it's","start":940.87,"end":941.59},{"text":"a","start":941.59,"end":941.67},{"text":"bomb","start":941.67,"end":941.99},{"text":"with","start":941.99,"end":942.23},{"text":"a","start":942.23,"end":942.39},{"text":"delay","start":942.39,"end":942.63},{"text":"environmental.","start":942.63,"end":944.15}]},{"text":"We have had des accidents en Europe, on a eu des accidents au Japon, et bientôt on aura une catastrophe dans plein cœur de l'océan Pacifique.","start":945.19,"end":954.63,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":945.19,"end":945.27},{"text":"have","start":945.35,"end":945.51},{"text":"had","start":945.51,"end":945.75},{"text":"des","start":946.39,"end":946.67},{"text":"accidents","start":946.67,"end":947.83},{"text":"en","start":947.99,"end":948.15},{"text":"Europe,","start":948.15,"end":948.51},{"text":"on","start":948.51,"end":948.59},{"text":"a","start":948.59,"end":948.63},{"text":"eu","start":948.63,"end":948.75},{"text":"des","start":948.75,"end":948.99},{"text":"accidents","start":948.99,"end":949.55},{"text":"au","start":949.55,"end":949.59},{"text":"Japon,","start":949.59,"end":950.23},{"text":"et","start":950.31,"end":950.39},{"text":"bientôt","start":950.47,"end":950.99},{"text":"on","start":950.99,"end":951.11},{"text":"aura","start":951.11,"end":951.51},{"text":"une","start":951.67,"end":951.75},{"text":"catastrophe","start":951.75,"end":952.67},{"text":"dans","start":952.71,"end":952.91},{"text":"plein","start":952.91,"end":953.19},{"text":"cœur","start":953.19,"end":953.67},{"text":"de","start":953.71,"end":953.79},{"text":"l'océan","start":953.79,"end":954.11},{"text":"Pacifique.","start":954.11,"end":954.63}]},{"text":"Alors je trouve ça alarmant.","start":955.15,"end":956.31,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."}],"words":[{"text":"Alors","start":955.15,"end":955.35},{"text":"je","start":955.35,"end":955.43},{"text":"trouve","start":955.43,"end":955.71},{"text":"ça","start":955.71,"end":955.79},{"text":"alarmant.","start":955.79,"end":956.31}]},{"text":"Les Nations unies ont, au Conseil des droits de l'homme, adopté une résolution depuis 2022, chaque année, qui porte sur l'héritage nucléaire des îles Marshall.","start":957.43,"end":972.23,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Les","start":957.43,"end":957.59},{"text":"Nations","start":957.59,"end":957.87},{"text":"unies","start":957.87,"end":958.07},{"text":"ont,","start":958.07,"end":958.55},{"text":"au","start":960.63,"end":960.87},{"text":"Conseil","start":960.87,"end":961.19},{"text":"des","start":961.75,"end":961.83},{"text":"droits","start":961.87,"end":962.39},{"text":"de","start":962.39,"end":962.55},{"text":"l'homme,","start":962.55,"end":963.19},{"text":"adopté","start":963.19,"end":963.55},{"text":"une","start":963.55,"end":963.67},{"text":"résolution","start":963.67,"end":964.47},{"text":"depuis","start":964.87,"end":966.11},{"text":"2022,","start":966.63,"end":967.27},{"text":"chaque","start":967.83,"end":968.15},{"text":"année,","start":968.15,"end":968.39},{"text":"qui","start":968.47,"end":968.55},{"text":"porte","start":968.55,"end":968.95},{"text":"sur","start":968.95,"end":969.59},{"text":"l'héritage","start":970.03,"end":970.87},{"text":"nucléaire","start":970.87,"end":971.35},{"text":"des","start":971.35,"end":971.47},{"text":"îles","start":971.47,"end":971.59},{"text":"Marshall.","start":971.59,"end":972.23}]},{"text":"invitant la communauté internationale à aborder cet enjeu-là sous l'angle de la justice transitionnelle, qui est évidemment le sujet de mon mandat comme procédure spéciale au sein du Conseil des droits de l'homme, ce qui explique, entre autres, la pertinence de mon séjour là-bas.","start":973.19,"end":988.23,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. 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Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":989.35,"end":989.67},{"text":"octobre","start":989.67,"end":990.79},{"text":"2025,","start":990.79,"end":991.67},{"text":"j'ai","start":991.99,"end":992.47},{"text":"écrit","start":992.47,"end":992.75},{"text":"une","start":992.75,"end":992.95},{"text":"lettre","start":992.95,"end":993.59},{"text":"tant","start":994.55,"end":994.79},{"text":"au","start":994.79,"end":994.95},{"text":"gouvernement","start":994.95,"end":995.55},{"text":"des","start":995.55,"end":995.71},{"text":"Îles","start":995.71,"end":995.83},{"text":"Marshall","start":995.83,"end":996.39},{"text":"qu'au","start":996.39,"end":996.63},{"text":"gouvernement","start":996.63,"end":997.07},{"text":"américain,","start":997.07,"end":997.67},{"text":"en","start":997.67,"end":997.75},{"text":"posant","start":997.75,"end":998.19},{"text":"toute","start":998.19,"end":998.35},{"text":"une","start":998.35,"end":998.47},{"text":"série","start":998.47,"end":998.87},{"text":"de","start":998.87,"end":998.99},{"text":"questions","start":998.99,"end":999.79},{"text":"sur","start":1000.23,"end":1000.51},{"text":"les","start":1000.51,"end":1000.63},{"text":"mesures","start":1000.63,"end":1001.07},{"text":"qui","start":1001.07,"end":1001.15},{"text":"ont","start":1001.15,"end":1001.47},{"text":"été","start":1001.47,"end":1001.55},{"text":"adoptées","start":1001.55,"end":1002.19},{"text":"pour","start":1002.55,"end":1002.91},{"text":"assurer","start":1002.91,"end":1004.39},{"text":"le","start":1004.71,"end":1004.87},{"text":"droit","start":1004.87,"end":1005.15},{"text":"des","start":1005.15,"end":1005.27},{"text":"victimes","start":1005.27,"end":1005.71},{"text":"à","start":1005.71,"end":1005.75},{"text":"la","start":1005.75,"end":1005.83},{"text":"vérité,","start":1005.83,"end":1006.27},{"text":"à","start":1006.27,"end":1006.31},{"text":"la","start":1006.31,"end":1006.43},{"text":"justice,","start":1006.43,"end":1007.11},{"text":"aux","start":1007.11,"end":1007.23},{"text":"réparations","start":1007.23,"end":1007.75},{"text":"et","start":1007.75,"end":1007.87},{"text":"aux","start":1007.87,"end":1008.15},{"text":"garanties","start":1008.15,"end":1008.67},{"text":"de","start":1008.67,"end":1008.75},{"text":"non-répétition,","start":1008.75,"end":1009.35},{"text":"de","start":1009.35,"end":1009.59},{"text":"même","start":1009.59,"end":1009.83},{"text":"qu'à","start":1009.83,"end":1009.99},{"text":"la","start":1009.99,"end":1010.07},{"text":"mémoire.","start":1010.07,"end":1010.79}]},{"text":"J'ai entre autres demandé au gouvernement des États-Unis si des mesures étaient prises pour divulguer l'entièreté des archives qui portent sur les essais nucléaires, et non seulement sur les essais nucléaires, mais également sur les tests scientifiques qui en ont suivi.","start":1011.35,"end":1029.27,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. 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Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"And,","start":1029.83,"end":1029.91},{"text":"y","start":1029.95,"end":1030.11},{"text":"compris,","start":1030.11,"end":1030.55},{"text":"sur","start":1030.55,"end":1030.67},{"text":"des","start":1030.67,"end":1030.75},{"text":"personnes","start":1030.75,"end":1031.39},{"text":"qui","start":1031.39,"end":1031.47},{"text":"avaient","start":1032.03,"end":1032.39},{"text":"été","start":1032.39,"end":1032.47},{"text":"exposées","start":1032.47,"end":1033.15},{"text":"aux","start":1033.15,"end":1033.39},{"text":"radiations","start":1034.31,"end":1034.75},{"text":"et","start":1034.75,"end":1034.91},{"text":"où","start":1034.91,"end":1035.07},{"text":"a","start":1035.07,"end":1035.11},{"text":"tombé","start":1035.11,"end":1035.39},{"text":"des","start":1035.39,"end":1035.59},{"text":"nuages","start":1035.59,"end":1036.19},{"text":"suite","start":1037.07,"end":1037.39},{"text":"à","start":1037.39,"end":1037.47},{"text":"chaque","start":1037.47,"end":1037.71},{"text":"à","start":1037.71,"end":1037.95},{"text":"chaque","start":1037.95,"end":1038.19},{"text":"explosion.","start":1038.19,"end":1038.83}]},{"text":"J'ai également posé des questions sur des mesures pouvant être adoptées.","start":1039.47,"end":1042.52,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"J'ai","start":1039.47,"end":1039.71},{"text":"également","start":1039.71,"end":1040.07},{"text":"posé","start":1040.07,"end":1040.23},{"text":"des","start":1040.23,"end":1040.35},{"text":"questions","start":1040.35,"end":1040.87},{"text":"sur","start":1040.87,"end":1041.15},{"text":"des","start":1041.15,"end":1041.23},{"text":"mesures","start":1041.23,"end":1041.47},{"text":"pouvant","start":1041.47,"end":1041.79},{"text":"être","start":1041.79,"end":1042.03},{"text":"adoptées.","start":1042.03,"end":1042.52}]},{"text":"en matière de réparation, mais aussi en matière de prévention pour prévenir des complications sur le plan du droit à la santé des personnes sur les Îles Marshall.","start":1042.57,"end":1052.93,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."},{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"en","start":1042.57,"end":1042.61},{"text":"matière","start":1042.61,"end":1043.17},{"text":"de","start":1043.33,"end":1043.41},{"text":"réparation,","start":1043.61,"end":1044.37},{"text":"mais","start":1044.37,"end":1044.57},{"text":"aussi","start":1044.57,"end":1044.69},{"text":"en","start":1044.69,"end":1044.77},{"text":"matière","start":1044.77,"end":1045.05},{"text":"de","start":1045.05,"end":1045.33},{"text":"prévention","start":1045.49,"end":1046.45},{"text":"pour","start":1046.45,"end":1046.61},{"text":"prévenir","start":1046.61,"end":1047.65},{"text":"des","start":1048.05,"end":1048.13},{"text":"complications","start":1048.45,"end":1049.25},{"text":"sur","start":1049.25,"end":1049.37},{"text":"le","start":1049.37,"end":1049.45},{"text":"plan","start":1049.45,"end":1049.73},{"text":"du","start":1050.37,"end":1050.61},{"text":"droit","start":1050.61,"end":1050.97},{"text":"à","start":1050.97,"end":1051.01},{"text":"la","start":1051.01,"end":1051.09},{"text":"santé","start":1051.09,"end":1051.49},{"text":"des","start":1051.49,"end":1051.69},{"text":"personnes","start":1051.69,"end":1052.09},{"text":"sur","start":1052.09,"end":1052.21},{"text":"les","start":1052.21,"end":1052.33},{"text":"Îles","start":1052.33,"end":1052.45},{"text":"Marshall.","start":1052.45,"end":1052.93}]},{"text":"Il s'agit vraiment, à ce stade-ci, de prévenir des complications de santé, ce qui se fait, à mon avis, je ne suis pas médecin, mais je pense que le dépistage précoce du cancer, la formation d'oncologues.","start":1054.05,"end":1071.77,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. 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Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Sur","start":1072.21,"end":1072.49},{"text":"l'île,","start":1072.49,"end":1073.01},{"text":"et","start":1073.17,"end":1073.41},{"text":"l'installation","start":1074.69,"end":1075.41},{"text":"d'une","start":1075.41,"end":1075.65},{"text":"machine","start":1075.65,"end":1076.21},{"text":"de","start":1078.53,"end":1078.69},{"text":"scan","start":1078.69,"end":1079.25},{"text":"serait","start":1079.33,"end":1079.69},{"text":"déjà","start":1079.69,"end":1080.13},{"text":"une","start":1081.53,"end":1081.65},{"text":"étape","start":1081.69,"end":1081.93},{"text":"dans","start":1081.93,"end":1082.09},{"text":"la","start":1082.09,"end":1082.17},{"text":"bonne","start":1082.17,"end":1082.29},{"text":"direction.","start":1082.29,"end":1082.85}]},{"text":"J'ai également posé des questions au gouvernement, aux 2 gouvernements, relativement aux initiatives portant sur la mémorialisation des de cette période.","start":1083.09,"end":1094.77,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"J'ai","start":1083.09,"end":1083.33},{"text":"également","start":1083.33,"end":1083.69},{"text":"posé","start":1083.69,"end":1083.81},{"text":"des","start":1083.81,"end":1083.89},{"text":"questions","start":1083.89,"end":1084.25},{"text":"au","start":1084.25,"end":1084.29},{"text":"gouvernement,","start":1084.29,"end":1085.01},{"text":"aux","start":1085.33,"end":1085.45},{"text":"2","start":1086.45,"end":1086.61},{"text":"gouvernements,","start":1086.61,"end":1087.13},{"text":"relativement","start":1087.13,"end":1087.89},{"text":"aux","start":1089.17,"end":1089.33},{"text":"initiatives","start":1089.33,"end":1089.89},{"text":"portant","start":1089.89,"end":1090.33},{"text":"sur","start":1090.33,"end":1090.45},{"text":"la","start":1090.45,"end":1090.53},{"text":"mémorialisation","start":1090.53,"end":1091.97},{"text":"des","start":1092.61,"end":1092.73},{"text":"de","start":1093.81,"end":1093.97},{"text":"cette","start":1093.97,"end":1094.29},{"text":"période.","start":1094.29,"end":1094.77}]},{"text":"Quelles Quelles initiatives ont été prises pour transmettre?","start":1094.77,"end":1098.37,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Quelles","start":1094.77,"end":1095.17},{"text":"Quelles","start":1095.17,"end":1095.41},{"text":"initiatives","start":1095.41,"end":1096.09},{"text":"ont","start":1096.53,"end":1096.97},{"text":"été","start":1096.97,"end":1097.05},{"text":"prises","start":1097.05,"end":1097.29},{"text":"pour","start":1097.29,"end":1097.41},{"text":"transmettre?","start":1097.41,"end":1098.37}]},{"text":"ou générations futures, l'information sera portant ces violations.","start":1099.13,"end":1102.17,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"ou","start":1099.13,"end":1099.21},{"text":"générations","start":1099.21,"end":1099.77},{"text":"futures,","start":1099.77,"end":1100.09},{"text":"l'information","start":1100.09,"end":1100.85},{"text":"sera","start":1100.85,"end":1101.01},{"text":"portant","start":1101.01,"end":1101.33},{"text":"ces","start":1101.33,"end":1101.45},{"text":"violations.","start":1101.45,"end":1102.17}]},{"text":"Bref, toute une panoplie de questions qui ont été posées en octobre 2025, et seulement la République des îles Marshall a fourni une réponse très détaillée, très constructive.","start":1103.61,"end":1111.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Bref,","start":1103.61,"end":1104.01},{"text":"toute","start":1104.33,"end":1104.49},{"text":"une","start":1104.53,"end":1104.65},{"text":"panoplie","start":1104.65,"end":1105.09},{"text":"de","start":1105.09,"end":1105.17},{"text":"questions","start":1105.17,"end":1105.53},{"text":"qui","start":1105.53,"end":1105.61},{"text":"ont","start":1105.61,"end":1105.81},{"text":"été","start":1105.81,"end":1105.89},{"text":"posées","start":1105.89,"end":1106.09},{"text":"en","start":1106.09,"end":1106.29},{"text":"octobre","start":1106.29,"end":1106.73},{"text":"2025,","start":1106.73,"end":1107.33},{"text":"et","start":1107.61,"end":1107.69},{"text":"seulement","start":1107.81,"end":1108.33},{"text":"la","start":1108.33,"end":1108.41},{"text":"République","start":1108.41,"end":1108.81},{"text":"des","start":1108.81,"end":1108.93},{"text":"îles","start":1108.93,"end":1109.05},{"text":"Marshall","start":1109.05,"end":1109.45},{"text":"a","start":1109.45,"end":1109.53},{"text":"fourni","start":1109.53,"end":1109.81},{"text":"une","start":1109.81,"end":1109.93},{"text":"réponse","start":1109.93,"end":1110.49},{"text":"très","start":1110.49,"end":1110.65},{"text":"détaillée,","start":1110.65,"end":1111.13},{"text":"très","start":1111.13,"end":1111.29},{"text":"constructive.","start":1111.29,"end":1111.97}]},{"text":"J'attends toujours une réponse de la part du gouvernement américain.","start":1111.97,"end":1114.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"J'attends","start":1111.97,"end":1112.37},{"text":"toujours","start":1112.37,"end":1112.61},{"text":"une","start":1112.61,"end":1112.73},{"text":"réponse","start":1112.73,"end":1113.01},{"text":"de","start":1113.01,"end":1113.09},{"text":"la","start":1113.09,"end":1113.17},{"text":"part","start":1113.17,"end":1113.33},{"text":"du","start":1113.33,"end":1113.49},{"text":"gouvernement","start":1113.49,"end":1113.89},{"text":"américain.","start":1113.89,"end":1114.25}]},{"text":"J'espère que nous pourrons obtenir cette réponse sous peu.","start":1114.25,"end":1118.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"J'espère","start":1114.25,"end":1114.81},{"text":"que","start":1115.53,"end":1115.77},{"text":"nous","start":1115.85,"end":1115.97},{"text":"pourrons","start":1116.41,"end":1116.73},{"text":"obtenir","start":1116.73,"end":1117.05},{"text":"cette","start":1117.05,"end":1117.21},{"text":"réponse","start":1117.21,"end":1117.65},{"text":"sous","start":1117.65,"end":1117.77},{"text":"peu.","start":1117.77,"end":1118.09}]},{"text":"Et essentiellement, c'est l'ensemble de ces enjeux que j'ai exposés lors de mon intervention au Collège des îles Marshall.","start":1118.41,"end":1126.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":1118.41,"end":1118.49},{"text":"essentiellement,","start":1118.49,"end":1118.93},{"text":"c'est","start":1118.93,"end":1119.77},{"text":"l'ensemble","start":1119.77,"end":1120.45},{"text":"de","start":1120.45,"end":1120.53},{"text":"ces","start":1120.53,"end":1120.65},{"text":"enjeux","start":1120.65,"end":1120.81},{"text":"que","start":1120.81,"end":1120.93},{"text":"j'ai","start":1120.93,"end":1121.13},{"text":"exposés","start":1121.13,"end":1121.61},{"text":"lors","start":1121.61,"end":1122.13},{"text":"de","start":1122.49,"end":1122.57},{"text":"mon","start":1123.37,"end":1123.53},{"text":"intervention","start":1123.53,"end":1124.41},{"text":"au","start":1124.89,"end":1124.97},{"text":"Collège","start":1124.97,"end":1125.25},{"text":"des","start":1125.25,"end":1125.33},{"text":"îles","start":1125.33,"end":1125.45},{"text":"Marshall.","start":1125.45,"end":1126.09}]},{"text":"Par ailleurs, je vous invite à consulter sur le site du mandat l'énoncé que j'ai présenté à ce moment, le statement, qui est disponible dans son entièreté sur le site du mandat.","start":1127.33,"end":1141.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Par","start":1127.33,"end":1127.45},{"text":"ailleurs,","start":1127.45,"end":1128.05},{"text":"je","start":1128.05,"end":1128.13},{"text":"vous","start":1128.13,"end":1128.37},{"text":"invite","start":1128.37,"end":1128.61},{"text":"à","start":1128.61,"end":1128.65},{"text":"consulter","start":1128.65,"end":1129.41},{"text":"sur","start":1129.41,"end":1129.73},{"text":"le","start":1129.73,"end":1129.89},{"text":"site","start":1129.89,"end":1130.37},{"text":"du","start":1130.45,"end":1130.61},{"text":"mandat","start":1130.61,"end":1131.25},{"text":"l'énoncé","start":1132.41,"end":1133.25},{"text":"que","start":1133.25,"end":1133.37},{"text":"j'ai","start":1133.37,"end":1133.57},{"text":"présenté","start":1133.57,"end":1134.21},{"text":"à","start":1134.21,"end":1134.25},{"text":"ce","start":1134.25,"end":1134.41},{"text":"moment,","start":1134.41,"end":1134.81},{"text":"le","start":1134.81,"end":1134.89},{"text":"statement,","start":1134.89,"end":1135.89},{"text":"qui","start":1135.97,"end":1136.05},{"text":"est","start":1136.05,"end":1136.69},{"text":"disponible","start":1137.33,"end":1138.13},{"text":"dans","start":1138.13,"end":1138.41},{"text":"son","start":1138.41,"end":1138.53},{"text":"entièreté","start":1138.53,"end":1139.09},{"text":"sur","start":1139.09,"end":1139.65},{"text":"le","start":1140.17,"end":1140.29},{"text":"site","start":1140.29,"end":1140.45},{"text":"du","start":1140.45,"end":1140.61},{"text":"mandat.","start":1140.61,"end":1141.01}]},{"text":"Et je termine en disant que le 1er octobre prochain, il y aura une autre session spéciale au sein du Conseil des droits de l'homme qui va porter spécifiquement sur la question de l'héritage.","start":1141.49,"end":1153.09,"topics":[{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":1141.49,"end":1141.57},{"text":"je","start":1141.97,"end":1142.17},{"text":"termine","start":1142.17,"end":1142.61},{"text":"en","start":1142.61,"end":1142.77},{"text":"disant","start":1142.77,"end":1143.25},{"text":"que","start":1143.25,"end":1143.65},{"text":"le","start":1143.73,"end":1143.81},{"text":"1er","start":1143.89,"end":1144.21},{"text":"octobre","start":1144.21,"end":1144.77},{"text":"prochain,","start":1145.09,"end":1145.65},{"text":"il","start":1145.65,"end":1145.73},{"text":"y","start":1145.73,"end":1145.81},{"text":"aura","start":1145.81,"end":1146.01},{"text":"une","start":1146.01,"end":1146.21},{"text":"autre","start":1146.21,"end":1146.41},{"text":"session","start":1146.61,"end":1147.09},{"text":"spéciale","start":1147.09,"end":1147.65},{"text":"au","start":1147.65,"end":1147.69},{"text":"sein","start":1147.69,"end":1147.85},{"text":"du","start":1147.85,"end":1148.01},{"text":"Conseil","start":1148.01,"end":1148.25},{"text":"des","start":1148.25,"end":1148.33},{"text":"droits","start":1148.33,"end":1148.53},{"text":"de","start":1148.53,"end":1148.61},{"text":"l'homme","start":1148.61,"end":1148.85},{"text":"qui","start":1148.85,"end":1148.93},{"text":"va","start":1148.93,"end":1149.05},{"text":"porter","start":1149.05,"end":1149.49},{"text":"spécifiquement","start":1149.89,"end":1150.81},{"text":"sur","start":1150.81,"end":1151.25},{"text":"la","start":1151.57,"end":1151.69},{"text":"question","start":1151.69,"end":1152.21},{"text":"de","start":1152.21,"end":1152.49},{"text":"l'héritage.","start":1152.49,"end":1153.09}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1153.81,"end":1154.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1153.81,"end":1154.69},{"text":"you.","start":1154.69,"end":1154.77}]},{"text":"Oh, sorry, do you have a follow-up?","start":1155.09,"end":1159.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Oh,","start":1155.09,"end":1155.49},{"text":"sorry,","start":1155.81,"end":1156.37},{"text":"do","start":1156.37,"end":1156.49},{"text":"you","start":1156.49,"end":1156.61},{"text":"have","start":1156.93,"end":1157.05},{"text":"a","start":1157.09,"end":1158.13},{"text":"follow-up?","start":1158.81,"end":1159.97}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Bernard Duhaime","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Special Rapporteur"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":1159.97,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=19:20","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Yes, if I may have a follow-up on that.","start":1159.97,"end":1164.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Yes,","start":1159.97,"end":1160.29},{"text":"if","start":1160.29,"end":1161.13},{"text":"I","start":1161.13,"end":1161.17},{"text":"may","start":1161.17,"end":1161.33},{"text":"have","start":1161.33,"end":1161.53},{"text":"a","start":1161.57,"end":1161.61},{"text":"follow-up","start":1161.61,"end":1161.89},{"text":"on","start":1163.81,"end":1163.97},{"text":"that.","start":1163.97,"end":1164.21}]},{"text":"You have presented your activities, what?","start":1164.73,"end":1168.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":1164.73,"end":1164.85},{"text":"have","start":1164.85,"end":1165.17},{"text":"presented","start":1165.17,"end":1166.33},{"text":"your","start":1166.41,"end":1166.85},{"text":"activities,","start":1166.93,"end":1167.97},{"text":"what?","start":1168.37,"end":1168.77}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"You have done, and what are the recommendations that you make?","start":1171.65,"end":1182.13,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":1171.65,"end":1171.89},{"text":"have","start":1174.05,"end":1174.69},{"text":"done,","start":1174.77,"end":1175.17},{"text":"and","start":1175.17,"end":1175.41},{"text":"what","start":1176.41,"end":1176.65},{"text":"are","start":1176.77,"end":1176.93},{"text":"the","start":1177.09,"end":1177.33},{"text":"recommendations","start":1178.93,"end":1180.45},{"text":"that","start":1180.61,"end":1181.09},{"text":"you","start":1181.09,"end":1181.41},{"text":"make?","start":1181.41,"end":1182.13}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Agnès Pedrero","affiliation":"AFP","affiliation_full":"AFP","group":null,"function":"Journalist"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":1191.41,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=19:52","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Les recommandations sur le plan du rapport sur le négationnisme et le révisionnisme, sur la question des îles Marshall, d'accord.","start":1191.41,"end":1198.89,"topics":[{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."},{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. 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le moment, quand je suis allé aux Îles Marshall, comme je n'ai pas procédé à une visite formelle au sens de la résolution, mais simplement une intervention lors de la commémoration, J'ai pas eu l'occasion de formuler une série de recommandations comme 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contre, lorsqu'on lit les questions que j'ai posées aux 2 gouvernements en octobre 2025, implicitement, ces questions sous-entendent que des mesures doivent être adoptées pour remédier aux droits des victimes, à la vérité, à la justice, aux réparations, aux garanties de non-répétition et à la mémoire, entre autres, des mesures qui doivent être adoptées pour éviter que une catastrophe environnementale résulte.","start":1266.89,"end":1291.29,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."},{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."},{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Par","start":1266.89,"end":1267.01},{"text":"contre,","start":1267.01,"end":1267.53},{"text":"lorsqu'on","start":1268.73,"end":1269.25},{"text":"lit","start":1269.25,"end":1269.45},{"text":"les","start":1269.45,"end":1269.61},{"text":"questions","start":1269.61,"end":1270.13},{"text":"que","start":1270.13,"end":1270.25},{"text":"j'ai","start":1270.25,"end":1270.49},{"text":"posées","start":1270.49,"end":1271.01},{"text":"aux","start":1271.05,"end":1271.17},{"text":"2","start":1271.17,"end":1271.29},{"text":"gouvernements","start":1271.29,"end":1271.77},{"text":"en","start":1271.77,"end":1272.01},{"text":"octobre","start":1272.01,"end":1272.45},{"text":"2025,","start":1272.45,"end":1273.25},{"text":"implicitement,","start":1273.77,"end":1274.93},{"text":"ces","start":1274.93,"end":1275.13},{"text":"questions","start":1275.13,"end":1275.89},{"text":"sous-entendent","start":1275.89,"end":1276.85},{"text":"que","start":1277.05,"end":1277.21},{"text":"des","start":1277.21,"end":1277.37},{"text":"mesures","start":1277.37,"end":1277.81},{"text":"doivent","start":1277.81,"end":1278.13},{"text":"être","start":1278.13,"end":1278.29},{"text":"adoptées","start":1278.29,"end":1278.97},{"text":"pour","start":1279.13,"end":1279.37},{"text":"remédier","start":1279.45,"end":1280.25},{"text":"aux","start":1280.25,"end":1280.37},{"text":"droits","start":1280.37,"end":1280.57},{"text":"des","start":1280.57,"end":1280.69},{"text":"victimes,","start":1280.69,"end":1281.33},{"text":"à","start":1281.53,"end":1281.61},{"text":"la","start":1281.61,"end":1281.73},{"text":"vérité,","start":1281.73,"end":1282.13},{"text":"à","start":1282.13,"end":1282.17},{"text":"la","start":1282.17,"end":1282.29},{"text":"justice,","start":1282.29,"end":1282.77},{"text":"aux","start":1282.77,"end":1282.89},{"text":"réparations,","start":1282.89,"end":1283.33},{"text":"aux","start":1283.33,"end":1283.45},{"text":"garanties","start":1283.45,"end":1283.81},{"text":"de","start":1283.81,"end":1283.89},{"text":"non-répétition","start":1283.89,"end":1284.45},{"text":"et","start":1284.45,"end":1284.53},{"text":"à","start":1284.53,"end":1284.57},{"text":"la","start":1284.57,"end":1284.65},{"text":"mémoire,","start":1284.65,"end":1285.21},{"text":"entre","start":1285.61,"end":1285.89},{"text":"autres,","start":1285.89,"end":1286.25},{"text":"des","start":1286.25,"end":1286.41},{"text":"mesures","start":1286.41,"end":1286.73},{"text":"qui","start":1286.73,"end":1286.81},{"text":"doivent","start":1286.81,"end":1287.13},{"text":"être","start":1287.13,"end":1287.29},{"text":"adoptées","start":1287.29,"end":1287.77},{"text":"pour","start":1287.77,"end":1288.01},{"text":"éviter","start":1288.01,"end":1288.49},{"text":"que","start":1288.49,"end":1288.81},{"text":"une","start":1289.21,"end":1289.37},{"text":"catastrophe","start":1289.37,"end":1289.97},{"text":"environnementale","start":1289.97,"end":1290.73},{"text":"résulte.","start":1290.73,"end":1291.29}]},{"text":"de l'effritement du dôme runite, des mesures qui doivent être adoptées pour la prévention en matière d'atteinte à la santé des personnes, etc. Quand je ferai rapport de ma perspective de justice transitionnelle sur la question lors du dialogue interactif, je serai invité à aussi présenter ma perspective des recommandations plus concrètes.","start":1292.05,"end":1317.77,"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"de","start":1292.05,"end":1292.09},{"text":"l'effritement","start":1293.37,"end":1294.05},{"text":"du","start":1294.05,"end":1294.21},{"text":"dôme","start":1294.21,"end":1294.41},{"text":"runite,","start":1294.49,"end":1295.05},{"text":"des","start":1295.29,"end":1295.37},{"text":"mesures","start":1295.37,"end":1295.77},{"text":"qui","start":1295.77,"end":1295.85},{"text":"doivent","start":1295.85,"end":1296.13},{"text":"être","start":1296.13,"end":1296.29},{"text":"adoptées","start":1296.29,"end":1296.73},{"text":"pour","start":1296.73,"end":1296.89},{"text":"la","start":1296.89,"end":1297.05},{"text":"prévention","start":1297.05,"end":1297.85},{"text":"en","start":1298.97,"end":1299.09},{"text":"matière","start":1299.09,"end":1299.93},{"text":"d'atteinte","start":1300.97,"end":1301.53},{"text":"à","start":1301.53,"end":1301.57},{"text":"la","start":1301.57,"end":1301.65},{"text":"santé","start":1301.65,"end":1302.09},{"text":"des","start":1302.09,"end":1302.49},{"text":"personnes,","start":1302.49,"end":1302.93},{"text":"etc.","start":1302.93,"end":1303.45},{"text":"Quand","start":1304.57,"end":1305.21},{"text":"je","start":1305.21,"end":1305.53},{"text":"ferai","start":1305.53,"end":1305.85},{"text":"rapport","start":1305.85,"end":1306.81},{"text":"de","start":1307.61,"end":1307.85},{"text":"ma","start":1307.89,"end":1308.37},{"text":"perspective","start":1308.57,"end":1309.41},{"text":"de","start":1309.85,"end":1310.01},{"text":"justice","start":1310.01,"end":1310.37},{"text":"transitionnelle","start":1310.37,"end":1310.89},{"text":"sur","start":1310.89,"end":1311.01},{"text":"la","start":1311.01,"end":1311.09},{"text":"question","start":1311.09,"end":1311.45},{"text":"lors","start":1311.45,"end":1311.89},{"text":"du","start":1311.89,"end":1312.05},{"text":"dialogue","start":1312.05,"end":1312.33},{"text":"interactif,","start":1312.33,"end":1312.97},{"text":"je","start":1313.05,"end":1313.21},{"text":"serai","start":1313.21,"end":1313.45},{"text":"invité","start":1313.45,"end":1313.85},{"text":"à","start":1313.85,"end":1314.09},{"text":"aussi","start":1314.13,"end":1314.33},{"text":"présenter","start":1314.33,"end":1314.77},{"text":"ma","start":1314.77,"end":1315.09},{"text":"perspective","start":1315.53,"end":1316.17},{"text":"des","start":1316.17,"end":1316.33},{"text":"recommandations","start":1316.41,"end":1317.05},{"text":"plus","start":1317.05,"end":1317.21},{"text":"concrètes.","start":1317.21,"end":1317.77}]},{"text":"Mais évidemment, ces recommandations They will be included in the questions, in the same line as the questions I posed in October 2025 to the government.","start":1318.89,"end":1329.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Mais","start":1318.89,"end":1319.21},{"text":"évidemment,","start":1319.21,"end":1319.81},{"text":"ces","start":1319.81,"end":1319.93},{"text":"recommandations","start":1319.93,"end":1320.97},{"text":"They","start":1321.65,"end":1321.69},{"text":"will","start":1321.81,"end":1322.01},{"text":"be","start":1322.13,"end":1322.29},{"text":"included","start":1322.29,"end":1322.77},{"text":"in","start":1322.77,"end":1322.89},{"text":"the","start":1322.89,"end":1322.97},{"text":"questions,","start":1322.97,"end":1323.81},{"text":"in","start":1324.73,"end":1324.97},{"text":"the","start":1324.97,"end":1325.13},{"text":"same","start":1325.13,"end":1325.29},{"text":"line","start":1325.29,"end":1325.45},{"text":"as","start":1325.45,"end":1325.53},{"text":"the","start":1325.61,"end":1325.77},{"text":"questions","start":1325.77,"end":1326.09},{"text":"I","start":1326.09,"end":1326.13},{"text":"posed","start":1326.13,"end":1326.33},{"text":"in","start":1326.33,"end":1326.61},{"text":"October","start":1326.61,"end":1327.33},{"text":"2025","start":1327.33,"end":1328.33},{"text":"to","start":1328.33,"end":1328.53},{"text":"the","start":1328.53,"end":1328.61},{"text":"government.","start":1328.61,"end":1329.33}]},{"text":"So, questions, recommendations that will be linked, for example, to the right to the truth of the victims, among others, the right to be able to access the archives that have not been released.","start":1330.49,"end":1342.41,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"So,","start":1330.49,"end":1330.73},{"text":"questions,","start":1331.29,"end":1331.77},{"text":"recommendations","start":1331.77,"end":1332.69},{"text":"that","start":1332.69,"end":1332.81},{"text":"will","start":1332.81,"end":1332.93},{"text":"be","start":1332.93,"end":1333.01},{"text":"linked,","start":1333.01,"end":1333.25},{"text":"for","start":1333.25,"end":1333.37},{"text":"example,","start":1333.37,"end":1333.85},{"text":"to","start":1333.85,"end":1333.93},{"text":"the","start":1333.93,"end":1334.01},{"text":"right","start":1334.01,"end":1334.17},{"text":"to","start":1334.21,"end":1334.29},{"text":"the","start":1334.29,"end":1334.37},{"text":"truth","start":1334.37,"end":1334.57},{"text":"of","start":1334.57,"end":1334.65},{"text":"the","start":1334.65,"end":1334.77},{"text":"victims,","start":1334.77,"end":1335.33},{"text":"among","start":1336.45,"end":1336.61},{"text":"others,","start":1336.61,"end":1336.97},{"text":"the","start":1337.73,"end":1337.85},{"text":"right","start":1337.85,"end":1338.33},{"text":"to","start":1338.97,"end":1339.13},{"text":"be","start":1339.13,"end":1339.25},{"text":"able","start":1339.25,"end":1339.45},{"text":"to","start":1339.45,"end":1339.53},{"text":"access","start":1339.53,"end":1339.85},{"text":"the","start":1339.85,"end":1339.97},{"text":"archives","start":1339.97,"end":1340.25},{"text":"that","start":1340.25,"end":1340.49},{"text":"have","start":1340.49,"end":1340.97},{"text":"not","start":1341.13,"end":1341.45},{"text":"been","start":1341.45,"end":1341.61},{"text":"released.","start":1341.85,"end":1342.41}]},{"text":"There was a portion of the archives that were transferred to the government of the Marshall Islands in the 90s.","start":1342.41,"end":1348.81,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":1342.41,"end":1342.81},{"text":"was","start":1342.89,"end":1343.13},{"text":"a","start":1344.09,"end":1344.13},{"text":"portion","start":1344.13,"end":1344.45},{"text":"of","start":1344.45,"end":1344.53},{"text":"the","start":1344.53,"end":1344.69},{"text":"archives","start":1344.69,"end":1345.09},{"text":"that","start":1345.09,"end":1345.29},{"text":"were","start":1345.29,"end":1345.41},{"text":"transferred","start":1345.41,"end":1345.97},{"text":"to","start":1345.97,"end":1346.05},{"text":"the","start":1346.05,"end":1346.13},{"text":"government","start":1346.13,"end":1346.53},{"text":"of","start":1346.53,"end":1346.61},{"text":"the","start":1346.61,"end":1346.69},{"text":"Marshall","start":1346.69,"end":1347.21},{"text":"Islands","start":1347.53,"end":1347.85},{"text":"in","start":1347.85,"end":1347.93},{"text":"the","start":1348.01,"end":1348.09},{"text":"90s.","start":1348.09,"end":1348.81}]},{"text":"Donc c'est pas l'entièreté des archives qui ont été remises.","start":1349.49,"end":1353.13,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc","start":1349.49,"end":1349.61},{"text":"c'est","start":1349.61,"end":1350.49},{"text":"pas","start":1350.49,"end":1350.57},{"text":"l'entièreté","start":1350.57,"end":1351.41},{"text":"des","start":1351.41,"end":1351.49},{"text":"archives","start":1351.49,"end":1351.93},{"text":"qui","start":1351.93,"end":1352.01},{"text":"ont","start":1352.01,"end":1352.33},{"text":"été","start":1352.33,"end":1352.45},{"text":"remises.","start":1352.45,"end":1353.13}]},{"text":"Il y a une partie aussi de ces archives qui ont été caviardées pour des raisons de sécurité.","start":1353.13,"end":1357.25,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Il","start":1353.13,"end":1353.21},{"text":"y","start":1353.21,"end":1353.37},{"text":"a","start":1353.37,"end":1353.41},{"text":"une","start":1353.41,"end":1353.49},{"text":"partie","start":1353.49,"end":1353.81},{"text":"aussi","start":1353.81,"end":1353.93},{"text":"de","start":1353.97,"end":1354.05},{"text":"ces","start":1354.05,"end":1354.17},{"text":"archives","start":1354.17,"end":1354.57},{"text":"qui","start":1354.57,"end":1354.65},{"text":"ont","start":1354.65,"end":1355.01},{"text":"été","start":1355.01,"end":1355.21},{"text":"caviardées","start":1355.21,"end":1356.01},{"text":"pour","start":1356.01,"end":1356.13},{"text":"des","start":1356.13,"end":1356.21},{"text":"raisons","start":1356.21,"end":1356.53},{"text":"de","start":1356.53,"end":1356.61},{"text":"sécurité.","start":1356.61,"end":1357.25}]},{"text":"Donc je vais explorer cette justement cette possibilité de fournir plus d'informations sur les archives, non seulement en vertu du droit à la vérité, mais aussi en vertu du droit à l'intégrité morale.","start":1357.97,"end":1370.89,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc","start":1357.97,"end":1358.25},{"text":"je","start":1358.25,"end":1358.57},{"text":"vais","start":1358.65,"end":1358.81},{"text":"explorer","start":1359.21,"end":1359.77},{"text":"cette","start":1359.77,"end":1360.09},{"text":"justement","start":1360.33,"end":1360.81},{"text":"cette","start":1360.81,"end":1361.05},{"text":"possibilité","start":1361.37,"end":1362.05},{"text":"de","start":1362.05,"end":1362.25},{"text":"fournir","start":1362.73,"end":1363.13},{"text":"plus","start":1363.13,"end":1363.53},{"text":"d'informations","start":1363.53,"end":1364.17},{"text":"sur","start":1364.17,"end":1364.37},{"text":"les","start":1364.37,"end":1364.61},{"text":"archives,","start":1364.61,"end":1364.97},{"text":"non","start":1364.97,"end":1365.09},{"text":"seulement","start":1365.09,"end":1366.17},{"text":"en","start":1366.25,"end":1366.33},{"text":"vertu","start":1366.33,"end":1366.73},{"text":"du","start":1366.73,"end":1366.89},{"text":"droit","start":1366.89,"end":1367.05},{"text":"à","start":1367.05,"end":1367.09},{"text":"la","start":1367.09,"end":1367.21},{"text":"vérité,","start":1367.21,"end":1367.61},{"text":"mais","start":1367.61,"end":1367.81},{"text":"aussi","start":1367.81,"end":1368.17},{"text":"en","start":1368.17,"end":1368.25},{"text":"vertu","start":1368.25,"end":1368.73},{"text":"du","start":1369.17,"end":1369.33},{"text":"droit","start":1369.37,"end":1369.61},{"text":"à","start":1369.61,"end":1369.65},{"text":"l'intégrité","start":1369.65,"end":1370.41},{"text":"morale.","start":1370.41,"end":1370.89}]},{"text":"Parce que le fait de ne pas savoir ce qui s'est passé et surtout de ne pas savoir comment les tests ont été menés.","start":1370.89,"end":1378.89,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Parce","start":1370.89,"end":1371.13},{"text":"que","start":1371.13,"end":1371.45},{"text":"le","start":1372.73,"end":1372.93},{"text":"fait","start":1372.93,"end":1373.17},{"text":"de","start":1373.17,"end":1373.25},{"text":"ne","start":1373.25,"end":1373.37},{"text":"pas","start":1373.37,"end":1373.53},{"text":"savoir","start":1373.53,"end":1374.09},{"text":"ce","start":1374.09,"end":1374.17},{"text":"qui","start":1374.17,"end":1374.25},{"text":"s'est","start":1374.25,"end":1374.85},{"text":"passé","start":1374.85,"end":1375.53},{"text":"et","start":1375.93,"end":1376.01},{"text":"surtout","start":1376.01,"end":1376.41},{"text":"de","start":1376.41,"end":1376.57},{"text":"ne","start":1376.57,"end":1376.65},{"text":"pas","start":1376.65,"end":1376.81},{"text":"savoir","start":1376.81,"end":1377.21},{"text":"comment","start":1377.21,"end":1377.57},{"text":"les","start":1377.57,"end":1377.69},{"text":"tests","start":1377.69,"end":1378.01},{"text":"ont","start":1378.01,"end":1378.21},{"text":"été","start":1378.21,"end":1378.33},{"text":"menés.","start":1378.33,"end":1378.89}]},{"text":"And how the scientific and medical tests that took place later, or the environmental tests that took place later, continue to take place at the moment.","start":1379.73,"end":1391.41,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1379.73,"end":1379.85},{"text":"how","start":1379.85,"end":1379.93},{"text":"the","start":1380.01,"end":1380.17},{"text":"scientific","start":1380.21,"end":1381.01},{"text":"and","start":1381.57,"end":1381.77},{"text":"medical","start":1382.21,"end":1383.05},{"text":"tests","start":1383.13,"end":1384.17},{"text":"that","start":1384.17,"end":1384.81},{"text":"took","start":1384.89,"end":1385.53},{"text":"place","start":1385.85,"end":1386.33},{"text":"later,","start":1386.89,"end":1387.49},{"text":"or","start":1387.49,"end":1387.57},{"text":"the","start":1387.57,"end":1387.65},{"text":"environmental","start":1387.65,"end":1388.45},{"text":"tests","start":1388.45,"end":1388.65},{"text":"that","start":1388.65,"end":1388.77},{"text":"took","start":1388.85,"end":1388.97},{"text":"place","start":1388.97,"end":1389.17},{"text":"later,","start":1389.17,"end":1389.37},{"text":"continue","start":1389.45,"end":1390.33},{"text":"to","start":1390.33,"end":1390.41},{"text":"take","start":1390.41,"end":1390.53},{"text":"place","start":1390.53,"end":1390.81},{"text":"at","start":1390.81,"end":1390.89},{"text":"the","start":1390.89,"end":1390.97},{"text":"moment.","start":1390.97,"end":1391.41}]},{"text":"The fact of not knowing what's going on creates a lot of anxiety for the victims.","start":1393.33,"end":1398.17,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1393.33,"end":1393.45},{"text":"fact","start":1393.45,"end":1393.69},{"text":"of","start":1393.69,"end":1393.77},{"text":"not","start":1393.77,"end":1393.97},{"text":"knowing","start":1393.97,"end":1394.13},{"text":"what's","start":1394.13,"end":1394.49},{"text":"going","start":1394.49,"end":1394.69},{"text":"on","start":1394.69,"end":1394.89},{"text":"creates","start":1394.97,"end":1395.37},{"text":"a","start":1395.37,"end":1395.45},{"text":"lot","start":1395.45,"end":1395.81},{"text":"of","start":1395.85,"end":1396.17},{"text":"anxiety","start":1396.89,"end":1397.29},{"text":"for","start":1397.29,"end":1397.41},{"text":"the","start":1397.45,"end":1397.53},{"text":"victims.","start":1397.53,"end":1398.17}]},{"text":"Ça crée beaucoup aussi d'insécurité et ça génère aussi un peu de perte de confiance et de, je dirais, de crainte, parce qu'on va se créer forcément un narratif, faute de l'avoir officiellement, on va se créer son propre narratif, et ça, je pense que ça exacerbe les violations que les victimes ont subies.","start":1399.85,"end":1427.01,"topics":[{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. 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Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc,","start":1427.53,"end":1427.69},{"text":"sur","start":1427.69,"end":1427.81},{"text":"le","start":1427.81,"end":1427.89},{"text":"plan","start":1427.89,"end":1428.05},{"text":"de","start":1428.05,"end":1428.13},{"text":"la","start":1428.13,"end":1428.21},{"text":"vérité,","start":1428.21,"end":1428.53},{"text":"ça","start":1428.53,"end":1428.61},{"text":"me","start":1428.61,"end":1428.77},{"text":"semble","start":1428.77,"end":1429.33},{"text":"fondamental","start":1429.37,"end":1430.05},{"text":"que","start":1430.05,"end":1430.17},{"text":"c'est","start":1430.17,"end":1430.69},{"text":"pas","start":1430.69,"end":1430.77},{"text":"exclusivement","start":1430.77,"end":1431.77},{"text":"la","start":1432.65,"end":1432.81},{"text":"mise","start":1432.81,"end":1433.05},{"text":"en","start":1433.05,"end":1433.13},{"text":"œuvre","start":1433.13,"end":1433.37},{"text":"du","start":1433.37,"end":1433.53},{"text":"droit","start":1433.53,"end":1433.69},{"text":"des","start":1433.69,"end":1433.77},{"text":"victimes","start":1433.77,"end":1434.33},{"text":"à","start":1434.41,"end":1434.49},{"text":"la","start":1435.37,"end":1435.57},{"text":"vérité,","start":1435.69,"end":1436.25},{"text":"mais","start":1436.25,"end":1436.37},{"text":"ça","start":1436.37,"end":1436.45},{"text":"s'inscrit","start":1436.45,"end":1437.05},{"text":"aussi","start":1437.09,"end":1437.37},{"text":"dans","start":1437.37,"end":1437.65},{"text":"la","start":1438.01,"end":1438.17},{"text":"prévention","start":1438.17,"end":1439.21},{"text":"de","start":1439.29,"end":1439.77},{"text":"d'atteintes","start":1440.01,"end":1440.57},{"text":"futures","start":1440.57,"end":1441.01},{"text":"à","start":1441.01,"end":1441.05},{"text":"leur","start":1441.05,"end":1441.21},{"text":"intégrité","start":1441.21,"end":1441.97},{"text":"morale","start":1442.25,"end":1442.73},{"text":"et","start":1442.73,"end":1442.97},{"text":"psychologique.","start":1442.97,"end":1443.49}]},{"text":"Sur le plan des réparations, je crois, comme je l'ai indiqué, que les.","start":1444.65,"end":1450.01,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Sur","start":1444.65,"end":1444.89},{"text":"le","start":1444.89,"end":1445.29},{"text":"plan","start":1445.29,"end":1445.65},{"text":"des","start":1445.65,"end":1445.77},{"text":"réparations,","start":1445.77,"end":1446.53},{"text":"je","start":1446.65,"end":1446.81},{"text":"crois,","start":1446.81,"end":1447.21},{"text":"comme","start":1447.29,"end":1447.61},{"text":"je","start":1447.61,"end":1447.69},{"text":"l'ai","start":1447.69,"end":1447.97},{"text":"indiqué,","start":1447.97,"end":1448.45},{"text":"que","start":1449.53,"end":1449.77},{"text":"les.","start":1449.89,"end":1450.01}]},{"text":"Les compensations qui ont été versées jusqu'à présent, entre autres par le gouvernement américain, sont clairement insuffisantes pour subvenir à la demande.","start":1452.97,"end":1462.85,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Les","start":1452.97,"end":1453.57},{"text":"compensations","start":1453.97,"end":1454.89},{"text":"qui","start":1454.89,"end":1454.97},{"text":"ont","start":1454.97,"end":1455.21},{"text":"été","start":1455.21,"end":1455.29},{"text":"versées","start":1455.29,"end":1455.89},{"text":"jusqu'à","start":1455.97,"end":1456.33},{"text":"présent,","start":1456.33,"end":1456.81},{"text":"entre","start":1456.81,"end":1457.01},{"text":"autres","start":1457.05,"end":1457.25},{"text":"par","start":1457.25,"end":1457.41},{"text":"le","start":1457.41,"end":1457.65},{"text":"gouvernement","start":1457.65,"end":1458.13},{"text":"américain,","start":1458.13,"end":1458.45},{"text":"sont","start":1458.45,"end":1458.77},{"text":"clairement","start":1459.57,"end":1459.97},{"text":"insuffisantes","start":1459.97,"end":1460.65},{"text":"pour","start":1460.65,"end":1460.77},{"text":"subvenir","start":1460.77,"end":1461.37},{"text":"à","start":1461.37,"end":1461.49},{"text":"la","start":1461.49,"end":1461.69},{"text":"demande.","start":1462.13,"end":1462.85}]},{"text":"Il y a eu un tribunal pour les plaintes en matière de l'héritage nucléaire qui a eu lieu aux îles Marshall, qui était financé en partie par le fonds versé par le gouvernement américain dans les années 80, et ce fonds s'est épuisé assez rapidement.","start":1462.85,"end":1480.29,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Il","start":1462.85,"end":1462.93},{"text":"y","start":1463.41,"end":1463.45},{"text":"a","start":1463.45,"end":1463.49},{"text":"eu","start":1463.85,"end":1464.09},{"text":"un","start":1464.09,"end":1464.29},{"text":"tribunal","start":1464.29,"end":1465.81},{"text":"pour","start":1466.13,"end":1466.25},{"text":"les","start":1466.77,"end":1467.01},{"text":"plaintes","start":1467.01,"end":1468.01},{"text":"en","start":1468.01,"end":1468.13},{"text":"matière","start":1468.21,"end":1468.61},{"text":"de","start":1468.61,"end":1468.81},{"text":"l'héritage","start":1469.25,"end":1469.89},{"text":"nucléaire","start":1469.89,"end":1470.37},{"text":"qui","start":1470.37,"end":1470.45},{"text":"a","start":1470.53,"end":1470.57},{"text":"eu","start":1470.57,"end":1470.77},{"text":"lieu","start":1470.77,"end":1471.13},{"text":"aux","start":1471.13,"end":1471.25},{"text":"îles","start":1471.25,"end":1471.37},{"text":"Marshall,","start":1471.37,"end":1471.73},{"text":"qui","start":1471.73,"end":1471.81},{"text":"était","start":1471.81,"end":1471.97},{"text":"financé","start":1471.97,"end":1472.37},{"text":"en","start":1472.37,"end":1472.45},{"text":"partie","start":1472.45,"end":1472.77},{"text":"par","start":1472.77,"end":1473.01},{"text":"le","start":1474.45,"end":1474.61},{"text":"fonds","start":1474.61,"end":1474.97},{"text":"versé","start":1474.97,"end":1475.25},{"text":"par","start":1475.25,"end":1475.65},{"text":"le","start":1475.65,"end":1475.81},{"text":"gouvernement","start":1475.89,"end":1476.37},{"text":"américain","start":1476.37,"end":1476.85},{"text":"dans","start":1476.85,"end":1477.01},{"text":"les","start":1477.01,"end":1477.13},{"text":"années","start":1477.29,"end":1477.61},{"text":"80,","start":1477.61,"end":1477.81},{"text":"et","start":1477.81,"end":1477.97},{"text":"ce","start":1477.97,"end":1478.05},{"text":"fonds","start":1478.05,"end":1478.37},{"text":"s'est","start":1478.37,"end":1479.09},{"text":"épuisé","start":1479.09,"end":1479.45},{"text":"assez","start":1479.45,"end":1479.73},{"text":"rapidement.","start":1479.73,"end":1480.29}]},{"text":"était nettement insuffisant pour pouvoir subvenir à l'ensemble des réclamations qui avaient été présentées à ce moment.","start":1480.69,"end":1486.21,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"était","start":1480.69,"end":1481.09},{"text":"nettement","start":1481.09,"end":1481.65},{"text":"insuffisant","start":1481.65,"end":1482.17},{"text":"pour","start":1482.17,"end":1482.29},{"text":"pouvoir","start":1482.29,"end":1482.53},{"text":"subvenir","start":1482.53,"end":1482.97},{"text":"à","start":1482.97,"end":1483.01},{"text":"l'ensemble","start":1483.01,"end":1483.85},{"text":"des","start":1483.85,"end":1483.93},{"text":"réclamations","start":1483.93,"end":1484.81},{"text":"qui","start":1484.81,"end":1484.89},{"text":"avaient","start":1484.89,"end":1485.17},{"text":"été","start":1485.17,"end":1485.29},{"text":"présentées","start":1485.29,"end":1485.73},{"text":"à","start":1485.73,"end":1485.77},{"text":"ce","start":1485.77,"end":1485.85},{"text":"moment.","start":1485.85,"end":1486.21}]},{"text":"Évidemment, il faut aussi se rappeler que les dommages issus d'essais nucléaires ou d'une explosion nucléaire, ce n'est pas des dommages qu'on peut nécessairement anticiper clairement à un moment dans l'histoire, mais c'est des dommages qui peuvent se déclarer plus ****.","start":1487.25,"end":1508.65,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}],"words":[{"text":"Évidemment,","start":1487.25,"end":1487.97},{"text":"il","start":1489.01,"end":1489.09},{"text":"faut","start":1489.09,"end":1489.37},{"text":"aussi","start":1489.37,"end":1489.65},{"text":"se","start":1489.65,"end":1489.89},{"text":"rappeler","start":1489.89,"end":1490.49},{"text":"que","start":1490.85,"end":1491.17},{"text":"les","start":1491.17,"end":1491.29},{"text":"dommages","start":1492.69,"end":1493.53},{"text":"issus","start":1493.53,"end":1493.73},{"text":"d'essais","start":1493.73,"end":1494.05},{"text":"nucléaires","start":1494.05,"end":1494.53},{"text":"ou","start":1494.53,"end":1494.77},{"text":"d'une","start":1495.89,"end":1496.13},{"text":"explosion","start":1496.13,"end":1496.93},{"text":"nucléaire,","start":1496.93,"end":1497.57},{"text":"ce","start":1497.57,"end":1497.65},{"text":"n'est","start":1497.89,"end":1498.41},{"text":"pas","start":1498.41,"end":1498.53},{"text":"des","start":1498.53,"end":1498.61},{"text":"dommages","start":1498.61,"end":1499.01},{"text":"qu'on","start":1499.01,"end":1499.17},{"text":"peut","start":1499.17,"end":1499.33},{"text":"nécessairement","start":1499.33,"end":1499.93},{"text":"anticiper","start":1499.93,"end":1500.61},{"text":"clairement","start":1500.61,"end":1501.53},{"text":"à","start":1501.53,"end":1501.65},{"text":"un","start":1502.53,"end":1502.69},{"text":"moment","start":1502.69,"end":1503.01},{"text":"dans","start":1503.01,"end":1503.17},{"text":"l'histoire,","start":1503.17,"end":1503.97},{"text":"mais","start":1503.97,"end":1504.37},{"text":"c'est","start":1504.85,"end":1505.77},{"text":"des","start":1505.77,"end":1505.85},{"text":"dommages","start":1505.85,"end":1506.69},{"text":"qui","start":1506.77,"end":1506.85},{"text":"peuvent","start":1506.85,"end":1507.37},{"text":"se","start":1507.37,"end":1507.49},{"text":"déclarer","start":1507.49,"end":1508.29},{"text":"plus","start":1508.29,"end":1508.65}]},{"text":"sous diverses formes, entre autres sur le plan de la santé et de l'environnement.","start":1508.65,"end":1515.21,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}],"words":[{"text":"****.","start":1508.65,"end":1509.25},{"text":"sous","start":1509.69,"end":1509.89},{"text":"diverses","start":1510.13,"end":1510.69},{"text":"formes,","start":1510.69,"end":1511.25},{"text":"entre","start":1511.25,"end":1511.45},{"text":"autres","start":1511.45,"end":1512.05},{"text":"sur","start":1513.17,"end":1513.45},{"text":"le","start":1513.45,"end":1513.53},{"text":"plan","start":1513.53,"end":1513.73},{"text":"de","start":1513.73,"end":1513.81},{"text":"la","start":1513.81,"end":1513.89},{"text":"santé","start":1513.89,"end":1514.21},{"text":"et","start":1514.21,"end":1514.29},{"text":"de","start":1514.29,"end":1514.37},{"text":"l'environnement.","start":1514.37,"end":1515.21}]},{"text":"Je vous donne un dernier exemple à cet égard-là.","start":1515.21,"end":1517.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Je","start":1515.21,"end":1515.29},{"text":"vous","start":1515.29,"end":1515.41},{"text":"donne","start":1515.41,"end":1515.61},{"text":"un","start":1515.61,"end":1515.81},{"text":"dernier","start":1515.89,"end":1516.33},{"text":"exemple","start":1516.33,"end":1516.93},{"text":"à","start":1516.93,"end":1516.97},{"text":"cet","start":1517.01,"end":1517.41},{"text":"égard-là.","start":1517.41,"end":1517.97}]},{"text":"Ma compréhension, et encore une fois, je ne suis pas un spécialiste scientifique, je ne peux pas me prononcer là-dessus, mais de ce que j'en comprends, c'est qu'il semble assez clair aujourd'hui que les modifications génétiques qui résultent d'une exposition aux radiations se transmettent de génération en génération.","start":1518.57,"end":1540.61,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Ma","start":1518.57,"end":1518.77},{"text":"compréhension,","start":1518.77,"end":1519.41},{"text":"et","start":1519.49,"end":1519.65},{"text":"encore","start":1519.65,"end":1520.37},{"text":"une","start":1520.37,"end":1520.45},{"text":"fois,","start":1520.45,"end":1520.65},{"text":"je","start":1520.65,"end":1520.77},{"text":"ne","start":1520.77,"end":1520.89},{"text":"suis","start":1520.89,"end":1521.01},{"text":"pas","start":1521.01,"end":1521.17},{"text":"un","start":1521.17,"end":1521.49},{"text":"spécialiste","start":1521.73,"end":1522.61},{"text":"scientifique,","start":1522.61,"end":1523.49},{"text":"je","start":1523.49,"end":1523.57},{"text":"ne","start":1523.69,"end":1523.77},{"text":"peux","start":1523.77,"end":1523.85},{"text":"pas","start":1523.89,"end":1523.97},{"text":"me","start":1523.97,"end":1524.09},{"text":"prononcer","start":1524.09,"end":1524.49},{"text":"là-dessus,","start":1524.49,"end":1524.77},{"text":"mais","start":1524.77,"end":1524.97},{"text":"de","start":1524.97,"end":1525.05},{"text":"ce","start":1525.09,"end":1525.21},{"text":"que","start":1525.21,"end":1525.41},{"text":"j'en","start":1525.73,"end":1526.21},{"text":"comprends,","start":1526.21,"end":1526.89},{"text":"c'est","start":1527.49,"end":1528.09},{"text":"qu'il","start":1528.09,"end":1528.45},{"text":"semble","start":1528.45,"end":1528.85},{"text":"assez","start":1528.93,"end":1529.17},{"text":"clair","start":1529.17,"end":1529.81},{"text":"aujourd'hui","start":1529.81,"end":1530.13},{"text":"que","start":1530.13,"end":1530.61},{"text":"les","start":1532.01,"end":1532.13},{"text":"modifications","start":1532.13,"end":1533.29},{"text":"génétiques","start":1533.65,"end":1534.53},{"text":"qui","start":1535.01,"end":1535.09},{"text":"résultent","start":1535.09,"end":1535.85},{"text":"d'une","start":1536.05,"end":1536.29},{"text":"exposition","start":1536.29,"end":1536.81},{"text":"aux","start":1536.81,"end":1536.93},{"text":"radiations","start":1536.93,"end":1537.73},{"text":"se","start":1538.29,"end":1538.45},{"text":"transmettent","start":1538.45,"end":1539.45},{"text":"de","start":1539.45,"end":1539.53},{"text":"génération","start":1539.53,"end":1540.13},{"text":"en","start":1540.13,"end":1540.21},{"text":"génération.","start":1540.21,"end":1540.61}]},{"text":"Donc, des descendantes personnes qui ont été exposées à ces radiations, entre autres, exposées au passage d'un des nuages, il y a eu plusieurs explosions, plusieurs nuages qui ont survolé des atolls, entre autres, en 1954 lors de l'explosion de l'opération Castle Bravo, une bombe à hydrogène qui était au moins mille fois plus forte que Hiroshima en soi, ça a causé des dommages immédiats sur les personnes.","start":1542.69,"end":1576.53,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc,","start":1542.69,"end":1543.09},{"text":"des","start":1544.05,"end":1544.25},{"text":"descendantes","start":1544.29,"end":1545.09},{"text":"personnes","start":1545.09,"end":1545.37},{"text":"qui","start":1545.37,"end":1545.45},{"text":"ont","start":1545.45,"end":1545.69},{"text":"été","start":1545.69,"end":1545.81},{"text":"exposées","start":1545.81,"end":1546.29},{"text":"à","start":1546.29,"end":1546.37},{"text":"ces","start":1546.37,"end":1546.53},{"text":"radiations,","start":1546.53,"end":1547.01},{"text":"entre","start":1547.01,"end":1547.33},{"text":"autres,","start":1547.81,"end":1548.37},{"text":"exposées","start":1549.25,"end":1549.97},{"text":"au","start":1550.13,"end":1550.29},{"text":"passage","start":1550.29,"end":1551.17},{"text":"d'un","start":1551.25,"end":1551.69},{"text":"des","start":1551.69,"end":1551.81},{"text":"nuages,","start":1551.81,"end":1552.17},{"text":"il","start":1552.17,"end":1552.25},{"text":"y","start":1552.25,"end":1552.29},{"text":"a","start":1552.29,"end":1552.33},{"text":"eu","start":1552.33,"end":1552.53},{"text":"plusieurs","start":1552.53,"end":1552.89},{"text":"explosions,","start":1552.89,"end":1553.37},{"text":"plusieurs","start":1553.73,"end":1554.21},{"text":"nuages","start":1554.21,"end":1554.53},{"text":"qui","start":1554.53,"end":1554.65},{"text":"ont","start":1554.65,"end":1554.85},{"text":"survolé","start":1555.33,"end":1555.73},{"text":"des","start":1555.73,"end":1555.97},{"text":"atolls,","start":1555.97,"end":1556.41},{"text":"entre","start":1556.41,"end":1556.61},{"text":"autres,","start":1556.61,"end":1557.01},{"text":"en","start":1557.49,"end":1557.69},{"text":"1954","start":1557.69,"end":1558.33},{"text":"lors","start":1558.33,"end":1558.49},{"text":"de","start":1558.49,"end":1558.57},{"text":"l'explosion","start":1558.57,"end":1559.81},{"text":"de","start":1560.29,"end":1560.37},{"text":"l'opération","start":1560.89,"end":1561.89},{"text":"Castle","start":1562.37,"end":1562.85},{"text":"Bravo,","start":1562.85,"end":1563.29},{"text":"une","start":1563.29,"end":1563.41},{"text":"bombe","start":1563.41,"end":1563.61},{"text":"à","start":1563.61,"end":1563.65},{"text":"hydrogène","start":1563.65,"end":1564.41},{"text":"qui","start":1565.25,"end":1565.33},{"text":"était","start":1565.33,"end":1566.25},{"text":"au","start":1567.37,"end":1567.38},{"text":"moins","start":1567.45,"end":1567.69},{"text":"mille","start":1567.69,"end":1567.85},{"text":"fois","start":1567.85,"end":1568.17},{"text":"plus","start":1568.17,"end":1568.33},{"text":"forte","start":1568.33,"end":1568.89},{"text":"que","start":1568.89,"end":1569.21},{"text":"Hiroshima","start":1569.21,"end":1569.65},{"text":"en","start":1569.65,"end":1570.25},{"text":"soi,","start":1570.25,"end":1570.53},{"text":"ça","start":1570.53,"end":1570.65},{"text":"a","start":1571.53,"end":1571.61},{"text":"causé","start":1571.69,"end":1572.09},{"text":"des","start":1572.09,"end":1573.05},{"text":"dommages","start":1574.17,"end":1574.89},{"text":"immédiats","start":1574.89,"end":1575.57},{"text":"sur","start":1575.57,"end":1575.69},{"text":"les","start":1575.69,"end":1576.13},{"text":"personnes.","start":1576.13,"end":1576.53}]},{"text":"Ça a fait tomber les cheveux des personnes qui étaient sur place à l'époque, en 1954, ça a fait des brûlures importantes sur leur corps, etc. Ils ont été évacués 48 heures après.","start":1577.69,"end":1591.17,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"Ça","start":1577.69,"end":1577.77},{"text":"a","start":1577.85,"end":1578.01},{"text":"fait","start":1578.01,"end":1578.45},{"text":"tomber","start":1579.21,"end":1579.49},{"text":"les","start":1579.49,"end":1579.61},{"text":"cheveux","start":1579.61,"end":1579.93},{"text":"des","start":1579.93,"end":1580.01},{"text":"personnes","start":1580.01,"end":1580.37},{"text":"qui","start":1580.37,"end":1580.45},{"text":"étaient","start":1580.45,"end":1580.69},{"text":"sur","start":1580.69,"end":1580.81},{"text":"place","start":1580.81,"end":1580.97},{"text":"à","start":1580.97,"end":1581.01},{"text":"l'époque,","start":1581.01,"end":1581.45},{"text":"en","start":1581.45,"end":1581.53},{"text":"1954,","start":1581.53,"end":1582.17},{"text":"ça","start":1582.17,"end":1582.45},{"text":"a","start":1582.45,"end":1582.49},{"text":"fait","start":1582.49,"end":1582.81},{"text":"des","start":1583.05,"end":1583.13},{"text":"brûlures","start":1583.29,"end":1583.93},{"text":"importantes","start":1583.93,"end":1584.45},{"text":"sur","start":1584.45,"end":1584.57},{"text":"leur","start":1584.57,"end":1584.89},{"text":"corps,","start":1585.29,"end":1585.93},{"text":"etc.","start":1585.93,"end":1586.41},{"text":"Ils","start":1586.57,"end":1586.81},{"text":"ont","start":1586.81,"end":1587.01},{"text":"été","start":1587.01,"end":1587.13},{"text":"évacués","start":1587.13,"end":1587.93},{"text":"48","start":1590.13,"end":1590.65},{"text":"heures","start":1590.65,"end":1590.85},{"text":"après.","start":1590.85,"end":1591.17}]},{"text":"Elles sont retournées en 1957, ces personnes, sont retournées sur l'île.","start":1591.85,"end":1595.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Elles","start":1591.85,"end":1592.05},{"text":"sont","start":1592.05,"end":1592.21},{"text":"retournées","start":1592.25,"end":1592.61},{"text":"en","start":1592.61,"end":1592.69},{"text":"1957,","start":1592.69,"end":1593.53},{"text":"ces","start":1593.53,"end":1593.85},{"text":"personnes,","start":1593.85,"end":1594.37},{"text":"sont","start":1594.37,"end":1594.53},{"text":"retournées","start":1594.53,"end":1594.85},{"text":"sur","start":1594.85,"end":1595.05},{"text":"l'île.","start":1595.05,"end":1595.33}]},{"text":"And the people who have been exposed throughout these initiatives have suffered direct damage, but also their children and their grandchildren, because the impact on the DNA, on the genetic composition, is transmitted again.","start":1596.89,"end":1621.97,"topics":[{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1596.89,"end":1597.25},{"text":"the","start":1597.57,"end":1597.65},{"text":"people","start":1597.85,"end":1598.37},{"text":"who","start":1599.73,"end":1599.85},{"text":"have","start":1599.89,"end":1600.01},{"text":"been","start":1600.01,"end":1600.29},{"text":"exposed","start":1600.29,"end":1601.25},{"text":"throughout","start":1601.41,"end":1602.33},{"text":"these","start":1602.33,"end":1602.77},{"text":"initiatives","start":1602.77,"end":1604.37},{"text":"have","start":1604.37,"end":1604.77},{"text":"suffered","start":1605.89,"end":1606.57},{"text":"direct","start":1606.57,"end":1607.13},{"text":"damage,","start":1607.13,"end":1607.61},{"text":"but","start":1607.61,"end":1607.81},{"text":"also","start":1608.81,"end":1609.05},{"text":"their","start":1609.05,"end":1609.17},{"text":"children","start":1609.17,"end":1609.97},{"text":"and","start":1609.97,"end":1610.09},{"text":"their","start":1610.13,"end":1610.25},{"text":"grandchildren,","start":1610.25,"end":1610.85},{"text":"because","start":1610.85,"end":1611.37},{"text":"the","start":1613.17,"end":1613.25},{"text":"impact","start":1613.25,"end":1614.13},{"text":"on","start":1614.13,"end":1614.33},{"text":"the","start":1614.33,"end":1614.45},{"text":"DNA,","start":1614.45,"end":1615.17},{"text":"on","start":1615.57,"end":1615.65},{"text":"the","start":1616.01,"end":1616.21},{"text":"genetic","start":1616.45,"end":1618.01},{"text":"composition,","start":1618.01,"end":1619.33},{"text":"is","start":1620.69,"end":1620.77},{"text":"transmitted","start":1620.77,"end":1621.53},{"text":"again.","start":1621.53,"end":1621.97}]},{"text":"Là où je veux en venir, c'est que c'est pratiquement impossible d'anticiper l'intégralité des dommages qui ont été causés à un moment précis de l'histoire.","start":1624.61,"end":1633.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Là","start":1624.61,"end":1624.73},{"text":"où","start":1624.73,"end":1624.77},{"text":"je","start":1624.77,"end":1624.85},{"text":"veux","start":1624.85,"end":1624.93},{"text":"en","start":1624.93,"end":1625.09},{"text":"venir,","start":1625.09,"end":1625.29},{"text":"c'est","start":1625.29,"end":1625.89},{"text":"que","start":1625.89,"end":1626.05},{"text":"c'est","start":1626.09,"end":1626.61},{"text":"pratiquement","start":1626.61,"end":1627.09},{"text":"impossible","start":1627.09,"end":1627.61},{"text":"d'anticiper","start":1627.61,"end":1628.13},{"text":"l'intégralité","start":1628.13,"end":1628.69},{"text":"des","start":1628.69,"end":1628.81},{"text":"dommages","start":1628.81,"end":1629.21},{"text":"qui","start":1629.21,"end":1629.29},{"text":"ont","start":1629.29,"end":1629.53},{"text":"été","start":1629.53,"end":1629.65},{"text":"causés","start":1629.65,"end":1630.33},{"text":"à","start":1631.97,"end":1632.13},{"text":"un","start":1632.13,"end":1632.29},{"text":"moment","start":1632.29,"end":1632.57},{"text":"précis","start":1632.57,"end":1632.77},{"text":"de","start":1632.77,"end":1632.85},{"text":"l'histoire.","start":1632.85,"end":1633.33}]},{"text":"Donc, quand en 1986, on a convenu d'un montant compensatoire pour les dommages passés, présents et futurs, il était à toutes fins pratiques impossible d'anticiper quelle serait l'ampleur des dommages qui se déclareraient dans l'avenir.","start":1633.33,"end":1651.37,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Donc,","start":1633.33,"end":1633.53},{"text":"quand","start":1633.53,"end":1633.93},{"text":"en","start":1633.97,"end":1634.17},{"text":"1986,","start":1634.21,"end":1635.57},{"text":"on","start":1636.53,"end":1636.69},{"text":"a","start":1636.69,"end":1636.73},{"text":"convenu","start":1636.73,"end":1637.57},{"text":"d'un","start":1639.01,"end":1639.41},{"text":"montant","start":1639.41,"end":1640.13},{"text":"compensatoire","start":1640.21,"end":1641.41},{"text":"pour","start":1641.57,"end":1642.01},{"text":"les","start":1642.01,"end":1642.13},{"text":"dommages","start":1642.13,"end":1642.61},{"text":"passés,","start":1642.61,"end":1642.93},{"text":"présents","start":1642.93,"end":1643.29},{"text":"et","start":1643.29,"end":1643.37},{"text":"futurs,","start":1643.37,"end":1643.93},{"text":"il","start":1644.13,"end":1644.21},{"text":"était","start":1644.53,"end":1644.81},{"text":"à","start":1644.81,"end":1644.85},{"text":"toutes","start":1644.85,"end":1645.01},{"text":"fins","start":1645.01,"end":1645.17},{"text":"pratiques","start":1645.17,"end":1645.53},{"text":"impossible","start":1645.53,"end":1645.93},{"text":"d'anticiper","start":1645.93,"end":1646.53},{"text":"quelle","start":1646.53,"end":1646.73},{"text":"serait","start":1646.73,"end":1646.97},{"text":"l'ampleur","start":1646.97,"end":1647.73},{"text":"des","start":1647.73,"end":1647.93},{"text":"dommages","start":1647.93,"end":1648.49},{"text":"qui","start":1648.49,"end":1648.61},{"text":"se","start":1648.85,"end":1648.93},{"text":"déclareraient","start":1648.93,"end":1650.01},{"text":"dans","start":1650.45,"end":1650.65},{"text":"l'avenir.","start":1650.65,"end":1651.37}]},{"text":"Et on voit aujourd'hui l'ampleur de ces dommages.","start":1651.65,"end":1654.69,"topics":[{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."}],"words":[{"text":"Et","start":1651.65,"end":1651.73},{"text":"on","start":1651.89,"end":1652.05},{"text":"voit","start":1652.05,"end":1652.41},{"text":"aujourd'hui","start":1652.41,"end":1653.17},{"text":"l'ampleur","start":1653.57,"end":1654.01},{"text":"de","start":1654.01,"end":1654.13},{"text":"ces","start":1654.13,"end":1654.25},{"text":"dommages.","start":1654.25,"end":1654.69}]},{"text":"Il y a toute une panoplie d'autres recommandations que je pourrais faire, que sûrement j'aborderai le 1er octobre, entre autres sur le plan de l'environnement, sur le plan de la capacité des personnes à pouvoir retourner sur les îles.","start":1656.73,"end":1668.05,"topics":[{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. 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Marshall, y compris des personnes qui sont retournées sur leurs terres, seront présentes et seront beaucoup mieux placées que moi pour vous parler des conséquences directes sur leur vie et sur leur avenir, en 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you very much.","start":2069.89,"end":2070.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2069.89,"end":2070.09},{"text":"you","start":2070.09,"end":2070.17},{"text":"very","start":2070.17,"end":2070.37},{"text":"much.","start":2070.37,"end":2070.69}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":"Bernard Duhaime","affiliation":"HRC","affiliation_full":"HRC","group":null,"function":"Special Rapporteur"}},{"statement_number":12,"start":2072.57,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1d/k1d1efd120?lang=en&t=34:33","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Ms. Thank you, and thank you to the Special Rapporteur for being here, and for all of you for joining us 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will now close this press conference.","start":2078.05,"end":2079.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2078.05,"end":2078.17},{"text":"will","start":2078.17,"end":2078.33},{"text":"now","start":2078.33,"end":2078.45},{"text":"close","start":2078.45,"end":2078.77},{"text":"this","start":2078.77,"end":2078.93},{"text":"press","start":2078.93,"end":2079.17},{"text":"conference.","start":2079.17,"end":2079.61}]},{"text":"Have a good afternoon.","start":2079.73,"end":2080.61,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Have","start":2079.73,"end":2079.97},{"text":"a","start":2079.97,"end":2080.01},{"text":"good","start":2080.01,"end":2080.21},{"text":"afternoon.","start":2080.21,"end":2080.61}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":null,"affiliation_full":null,"group":null,"function":"Moderator"}}],"topics":[{"key":"runit-dome","label":"Runit Dome Environmental Risk","description":"Particular concern was raised about the Runit Dome and the danger that nuclear waste could leak into the Pacific. Rising sea levels and the structure's deterioration were described as creating the risk of a major environmental disaster."},{"key":"radiation-health","label":"Radiation-Related Health Impacts","description":"The statements examined serious health consequences linked to radiation exposure, including cancer, thyroid disease, and reproductive health harms. Attention was also drawn to the need for early screening, better treatment capacity, and recognition of possible intergenerational effects."},{"key":"truth-and-archives","label":"Truth, Archives, and Memory","description":"Another recurring theme was victims' right to the truth through access to archives and full disclosure of information about the nuclear tests and their aftermath. Memorialization and passing this history on to future generations were presented as essential parts of justice."},{"key":"srebrenica-genocide","label":"Srebrenica Genocide Denial","description":"A concrete example discussed was the glorification of Radko Mladić and the continued denial or minimization of the Srebrenica genocide. This was presented as an alarming case of honoring a convicted perpetrator despite extensive factual and judicial documentation."},{"key":"victims-reparations","label":"Victims' Reparations and Compensation","description":"The exchange addressed whether existing compensation arrangements for Marshall Islands victims are sufficient. Duhaime argued that past settlements and the exhausted claims mechanism do not adequately cover the full scale of past, present, and future harms."},{"key":"denialism-revisionism","label":"Denialism and Revisionism","description":"The discussion focused on how denial and distortion of past atrocities undermine truth, justice, reparations, and guarantees of non-recurrence. Bernard Duhaime stressed that such narratives are increasingly used to polarize societies and weaken transitional justice."},{"key":"marshall-nuclear-legacy","label":"Marshall Islands Nuclear Legacy","description":"A major topic was the lasting legacy of nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands, including displacement, contamination, and long-term human suffering. The issue was framed as an unresolved transitional justice and human rights matter."},{"key":"environmental-remediation","label":"Environmental Remediation and Return","description":"The discussion also covered practical measures needed to reduce contamination and make affected atolls safer for communities. These included soil replacement, lagoon cleanup, and broader efforts to enable safe return while preventing further harm."}]}}