{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. For the full API guide (search, listing, URL grammar) see /llms.txt.","textUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0.txt","guide":"/llms.txt"},"video":{"id":"k1z/k1z3glxdk0","kaltura_id":"1_z3glxdk0","title":"(Segment 3 and 4) Workshop on sustainable fisheries, addressing the impacts of bottom fishing on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks","clean_title":"(Segment 3 and 4) Workshop on sustainable fisheries, addressing the impacts of bottom fishing on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks","url":"https://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0","date":"2026-07-14T00:00:00.000Z","scheduled_time":"2026-07-14T14:00:00.000Z","status":"finished","duration":"02:58:41","category":"Meetings & Events","body":null,"event_code":null,"event_type":null,"session_number":null,"pv_symbol":null,"pv_part":null,"slug":"asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0"},"metadata":{"summary":"In accordance with paragraph 244 of General Assembly resolution 80/109 of 9 December 2025, a two-day multi-stakeholder workshop on measures taken by States and regional fisheries management organizations to address the impact of bottom fishing on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks will be held in-person at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 13 to 14 July 2026.","description":"Segment 3: Progress made by States in addressing the impacts of bottom fisheries on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks, in particular through the implementation of relevant paragraphs of resolutions 64/72, 66/68 and 77/118.\nSegment 4: Focus on the experience and the special requirements of developing States in addressing the impacts of bottom fisheries on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks, in particular through the implementation of relevant paragraphs of resolutions 64/72, 66/68 and 77/118.","categories":["Meetings & Events"],"geographic_subject":[],"subject_topical":["FISHERIES","FISHING","SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT","SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS","MARINE RESOURCES CONSERVATION"],"corporate_name":[],"speaker_affiliation":[],"related_documents":[{"title":"Workshop webpage","url":"https://www.un.org/depts/los/bottom_fishing_workshop.htm"}]},"transcript":{"transcript_id":"assemblyai-universal-3-5-pro-da0de1d9-0770-49d4-97f7-642fae310c63","language":"en","data":[{"statement_number":1,"start":6.505,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=7","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Colleagues, please take your seats because we are about to start, and I hope we will have another fabulous day of 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now, I will start by giving the floor to Mr. Campbell, to Darius from NEAFK.","start":77.202,"end":84.404,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":77.202,"end":77.429},{"text":"now,","start":77.72,"end":77.979},{"text":"I","start":79.792,"end":79.808},{"text":"will","start":79.808,"end":80.002},{"text":"start","start":80.439,"end":80.698},{"text":"by","start":80.698,"end":80.86},{"text":"giving","start":80.86,"end":81.07},{"text":"the","start":81.086,"end":81.167},{"text":"floor","start":81.167,"end":81.426},{"text":"to","start":81.426,"end":81.636},{"text":"Mr.","start":81.831,"end":81.976},{"text":"Campbell,","start":82.073,"end":82.413},{"text":"to","start":82.494,"end":82.64},{"text":"Darius","start":82.64,"end":82.996},{"text":"from","start":83.692,"end":83.821},{"text":"NEAFK.","start":83.918,"end":84.404}]},{"text":"And I don't think I will need to, to say anything in between, so you just go one after another if that's 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will take a 1-minute break or so.","start":806.922,"end":809.002,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":806.922,"end":807.003},{"text":"will","start":807.003,"end":807.132},{"text":"take","start":807.164,"end":807.39},{"text":"a","start":807.39,"end":807.406},{"text":"1-minute","start":807.422,"end":807.809},{"text":"break","start":807.809,"end":808.228},{"text":"or","start":808.615,"end":808.664},{"text":"so.","start":808.696,"end":809.002}]},{"text":"Distinguished colleagues, let us now turn to segment 3 entitled Progress Made by States in addressing the impacts of bottom fisheries on vulnerable marine ecosystems and the long-term sustainability of deep-sea fish stocks, in particular through the implementation of relevant paragraphs of Resolutions 64/72, 66/68, and 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Commission adopted this measure at its meeting in February 2026.","start":1790.253,"end":1795.003,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1790.253,"end":1790.334},{"text":"Commission","start":1790.334,"end":1790.77},{"text":"adopted","start":1790.77,"end":1791.288},{"text":"this","start":1791.304,"end":1791.45},{"text":"measure","start":1791.45,"end":1791.868},{"text":"at","start":1791.948,"end":1792.044},{"text":"its","start":1792.044,"end":1792.205},{"text":"meeting","start":1792.205,"end":1792.575},{"text":"in","start":1792.993,"end":1793.041},{"text":"February","start":1793.09,"end":1793.54},{"text":"2026.","start":1793.829,"end":1795.003}]},{"text":"Fisheries managers— it's also critical that there are robust places processes in place in the event that there is an incident which may cause significant adverse impact from bottom fishing on vulnerable marine ecosystems.","start":1803.43,"end":1820.913,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine 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oceans, and we should never forget, do not just represent ecological value.","start":2484.97,"end":2490.842,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":2484.97,"end":2485.131},{"text":"oceans,","start":2485.552,"end":2486.183},{"text":"and","start":2486.296,"end":2486.523},{"text":"we","start":2486.523,"end":2486.62},{"text":"should","start":2486.62,"end":2486.781},{"text":"never","start":2486.781,"end":2487.008},{"text":"forget,","start":2487.008,"end":2487.477},{"text":"do","start":2487.817,"end":2487.93},{"text":"not","start":2487.93,"end":2488.351},{"text":"just","start":2488.48,"end":2488.868},{"text":"represent","start":2488.868,"end":2489.305},{"text":"ecological","start":2489.435,"end":2490.341},{"text":"value.","start":2490.405,"end":2490.842}]},{"text":"They also— the oceans sustain human activity, and this is fundamental for maintaining our 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alive.","start":2505.032,"end":2514.207,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2505.032,"end":2505.08},{"text":"ocean","start":2505.257,"end":2505.562},{"text":"provides","start":2505.659,"end":2506.366},{"text":"healthy","start":2506.944,"end":2507.282},{"text":"foods,","start":2507.282,"end":2507.812},{"text":"employment,","start":2508.005,"end":2508.535},{"text":"economic","start":2508.551,"end":2508.888},{"text":"activity,","start":2508.888,"end":2509.579},{"text":"food","start":2509.708,"end":2510.013},{"text":"security,","start":2510.013,"end":2510.624},{"text":"and","start":2510.881,"end":2511.026},{"text":"it","start":2511.122,"end":2511.17},{"text":"keeps","start":2511.218,"end":2511.733},{"text":"a","start":2511.845,"end":2511.861},{"text":"number","start":2512.022,"end":2512.327},{"text":"of","start":2512.327,"end":2512.391},{"text":"coastal","start":2512.424,"end":2512.729},{"text":"communities","start":2512.729,"end":2513.275},{"text":"alive.","start":2513.854,"end":2514.207}]},{"text":"It also preserves knowledge, tradition, and cultural heritage that has been passed down from generation to generation.","start":2514.255,"end":2520.635,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2514.255,"end":2514.304},{"text":"also","start":2514.416,"end":2514.673},{"text":"preserves","start":2514.738,"end":2515.316},{"text":"knowledge,","start":2515.541,"end":2516.007},{"text":"tradition,","start":2516.28,"end":2516.971},{"text":"and","start":2517.228,"end":2517.389},{"text":"cultural","start":2517.389,"end":2517.807},{"text":"heritage","start":2518.192,"end":2518.642},{"text":"that","start":2518.642,"end":2518.755},{"text":"has","start":2518.755,"end":2518.899},{"text":"been","start":2518.931,"end":2519.028},{"text":"passed","start":2519.076,"end":2519.333},{"text":"down","start":2519.333,"end":2519.462},{"text":"from","start":2519.478,"end":2519.574},{"text":"generation","start":2519.574,"end":2520.008},{"text":"to","start":2520.008,"end":2520.056},{"text":"generation.","start":2520.056,"end":2520.635}]},{"text":"So when we talk about defending the fishing sector, we shouldn't be referring only to an economic activity of fishing, but rather defending a whole set of values that fishing brings to 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so the question is not just about how can we hold on to value but really how to manage it all as a whole.","start":2534.92,"end":2544.705,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2534.92,"end":2535.065},{"text":"so","start":2535.065,"end":2535.322},{"text":"the","start":2536.142,"end":2536.367},{"text":"question","start":2536.511,"end":2536.913},{"text":"is","start":2536.913,"end":2536.977},{"text":"not","start":2537.074,"end":2537.363},{"text":"just","start":2537.475,"end":2537.99},{"text":"about","start":2538.118,"end":2538.52},{"text":"how","start":2538.52,"end":2538.649},{"text":"can","start":2538.697,"end":2538.938},{"text":"we","start":2538.938,"end":2539.131},{"text":"hold","start":2539.565,"end":2539.822},{"text":"on","start":2539.887,"end":2540.113},{"text":"to","start":2540.307,"end":2540.63},{"text":"value","start":2540.727,"end":2541.374},{"text":"but","start":2542.069,"end":2542.215},{"text":"really","start":2542.312,"end":2542.538},{"text":"how","start":2542.668,"end":2542.765},{"text":"to","start":2542.894,"end":2543.056},{"text":"manage","start":2543.056,"end":2543.622},{"text":"it","start":2543.622,"end":2543.816},{"text":"all","start":2543.929,"end":2543.977},{"text":"as","start":2544.333,"end":2544.398},{"text":"a","start":2544.43,"end":2544.495},{"text":"whole.","start":2544.495,"end":2544.705}]},{"text":"And 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the regional fisheries management organizations, we have seen that there is compatibility here.","start":2561.472,"end":2565.999,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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Several speakers also debated what counts as best available science, including the role of peer review, independent research, and updating measures as new evidence emerges."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":2686.964,"end":2687.112},{"text":"I","start":2687.144,"end":2687.161},{"text":"said","start":2687.161,"end":2687.455},{"text":"earlier,","start":2687.455,"end":2687.7},{"text":"we","start":2687.716,"end":2687.896},{"text":"are","start":2688.027,"end":2688.141},{"text":"basing","start":2688.533,"end":2688.828},{"text":"our","start":2688.86,"end":2688.942},{"text":"decisions","start":2688.942,"end":2689.481},{"text":"on","start":2689.692,"end":2689.756},{"text":"information","start":2689.996,"end":2690.557},{"text":"and","start":2690.557,"end":2690.653},{"text":"knowledge.","start":2690.653,"end":2690.845}]},{"text":"Science helps us assess the impacts, the risks, and assess the efficiency, but science doesn't actually take the decisions.","start":2690.893,"end":2698.792,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":2705.217,"end":2705.297},{"text":"is","start":2705.378,"end":2705.442},{"text":"our","start":2705.858,"end":2706.083},{"text":"role","start":2706.659,"end":2707.044},{"text":"on","start":2707.156,"end":2707.204},{"text":"the","start":2707.236,"end":2707.316},{"text":"basis","start":2707.396,"end":2708.053},{"text":"of","start":2708.101,"end":2708.246},{"text":"the","start":2708.678,"end":2708.758},{"text":"available","start":2708.758,"end":2709.191},{"text":"scientific","start":2709.191,"end":2709.656},{"text":"information","start":2709.656,"end":2710.056},{"text":"and","start":2710.056,"end":2710.136},{"text":"taking","start":2710.136,"end":2710.505},{"text":"into","start":2710.505,"end":2710.617},{"text":"account","start":2710.617,"end":2710.905},{"text":"all","start":2710.905,"end":2710.953},{"text":"public","start":2711.066,"end":2711.466},{"text":"interests,","start":2711.482,"end":2711.851},{"text":"it","start":2711.963,"end":2712.075},{"text":"is","start":2712.203,"end":2712.251},{"text":"down","start":2713.004,"end":2713.261},{"text":"to","start":2713.309,"end":2713.453},{"text":"us","start":2713.469,"end":2713.581},{"text":"to","start":2713.581,"end":2713.661},{"text":"apply","start":2713.661,"end":2713.918},{"text":"all","start":2713.966,"end":2714.014},{"text":"of","start":2714.014,"end":2714.046},{"text":"the","start":2714.046,"end":2714.126},{"text":"measures","start":2714.126,"end":2714.414},{"text":"that","start":2714.446,"end":2714.607},{"text":"allow","start":2714.607,"end":2714.879},{"text":"us","start":2714.943,"end":2715.087},{"text":"to","start":2715.087,"end":2715.312},{"text":"maintain","start":2715.312,"end":2715.76},{"text":"and","start":2715.872,"end":2715.969},{"text":"preserve","start":2715.969,"end":2716.417},{"text":"vulnerable","start":2716.69,"end":2717.026},{"text":"marine","start":2717.026,"end":2717.314},{"text":"ecosystems","start":2717.314,"end":2717.939},{"text":"and","start":2718.276,"end":2718.42},{"text":"also","start":2718.517,"end":2718.838},{"text":"ensure","start":2718.998,"end":2719.416},{"text":"the","start":2719.416,"end":2719.496},{"text":"sustainability","start":2719.496,"end":2720.202},{"text":"of","start":2720.202,"end":2720.282},{"text":"the","start":2720.282,"end":2720.363},{"text":"fishing","start":2720.363,"end":2720.651},{"text":"sector","start":2720.7,"end":2721.181},{"text":"by","start":2721.647,"end":2721.887},{"text":"ensuring","start":2721.903,"end":2722.353},{"text":"food","start":2722.449,"end":2722.77},{"text":"security,","start":2722.77,"end":2723.396},{"text":"employment,","start":2723.589,"end":2724.455},{"text":"social","start":2725.29,"end":2725.755},{"text":"cohesion,","start":2725.755,"end":2726.349},{"text":"and","start":2726.622,"end":2726.767},{"text":"also","start":2726.863,"end":2727.264},{"text":"cultural","start":2727.264,"end":2727.729},{"text":"heritage.","start":2727.746,"end":2728.339}]},{"text":"And so we should talk also about taking effective decisions that are proportionate and well-suited.","start":2729.286,"end":2736.637,"topics":[{"key":"precautionary-approach","label":"Precautionary and Adaptive Management","description":"Delegates emphasized that management must remain precautionary even when data are incomplete, while also being adaptive as science, technology, and conditions change. 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."},{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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Debate centered on whether current tools such as closures, encounter rules, and move-on provisions are sufficient."}],"words":[{"text":"Do","start":2758.851,"end":2759.398},{"text":"they","start":2759.398,"end":2759.639},{"text":"all","start":2759.639,"end":2759.735},{"text":"interact","start":2759.799,"end":2760.265},{"text":"in","start":2760.265,"end":2760.346},{"text":"the","start":2760.346,"end":2760.378},{"text":"same","start":2760.378,"end":2760.78},{"text":"way","start":2761.005,"end":2761.953},{"text":"with","start":2761.969,"end":2762.194},{"text":"VMEs?","start":2762.194,"end":2762.692}]},{"text":"I think the answer is no. Each type of fishing gear has a different type of interaction.","start":2762.836,"end":2768.653,"topics":[{"key":"gear-innovation","label":"Fishing Gear Innovation","description":"Several speakers highlighted technical innovations to reduce seabed contact, bycatch, fuel use, and broader ecosystem impacts from bottom fishing. 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benthic?","start":2777.902,"end":2778.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":2777.902,"end":2777.935},{"text":"they","start":2777.935,"end":2778.08},{"text":"benthic?","start":2778.144,"end":2778.5}]},{"text":"Are they pelagic?","start":2778.548,"end":2779.355,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Are","start":2778.548,"end":2778.58},{"text":"they","start":2778.58,"end":2778.726},{"text":"pelagic?","start":2778.726,"end":2779.355}]},{"text":"And so on.","start":2780.081,"end":2780.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2780.081,"end":2780.178},{"text":"so","start":2780.178,"end":2780.469},{"text":"on.","start":2780.565,"end":2780.63}]},{"text":"What type of contact do they have with the ocean floor?","start":2780.743,"end":2782.825,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"What","start":2780.743,"end":2780.969},{"text":"type","start":2780.969,"end":2781.163},{"text":"of","start":2781.163,"end":2781.276},{"text":"contact","start":2781.308,"end":2781.744},{"text":"do","start":2781.744,"end":2781.792},{"text":"they","start":2781.792,"end":2781.873},{"text":"have","start":2781.873,"end":2782.034},{"text":"with","start":2782.034,"end":2782.099},{"text":"the","start":2782.099,"end":2782.26},{"text":"ocean","start":2782.26,"end":2782.567},{"text":"floor?","start":2782.583,"end":2782.825}]},{"text":"There are many different ways for this interaction to occur.","start":2783.407,"end":2787.048,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"There","start":2783.407,"end":2783.503},{"text":"are","start":2783.503,"end":2783.568},{"text":"many","start":2783.584,"end":2783.89},{"text":"different","start":2783.89,"end":2784.148},{"text":"ways","start":2784.148,"end":2784.599},{"text":"for","start":2785.823,"end":2786.017},{"text":"this","start":2786.017,"end":2786.178},{"text":"interaction","start":2786.242,"end":2786.661},{"text":"to","start":2786.661,"end":2786.758},{"text":"occur.","start":2786.806,"end":2787.048}]},{"text":"And so for all of these reasons, I think it's important that we should avoid these general or generalized approaches and we should use specific knowledge about each type of fishing on how they operate and what frequency and what their real impact is on VMEs and the ones that they can have an impact on.","start":2788.256,"end":2808.488,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2822.013,"end":2822.077},{"text":"what","start":2822.254,"end":2822.415},{"text":"about","start":2822.415,"end":2822.688},{"text":"innovation?","start":2823.041,"end":2823.828}]},{"text":"And so the profiles can be— the interaction profiles can be adapted.","start":2824.647,"end":2830.492,"topics":[{"key":"gear-innovation","label":"Fishing Gear Innovation","description":"Several speakers highlighted technical innovations to reduce seabed contact, bycatch, fuel use, and broader ecosystem impacts from bottom fishing. These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2824.647,"end":2824.824},{"text":"so","start":2824.824,"end":2825.129},{"text":"the","start":2825.145,"end":2825.386},{"text":"profiles","start":2825.932,"end":2826.719},{"text":"can","start":2826.815,"end":2827.04},{"text":"be—","start":2827.297,"end":2827.505},{"text":"the","start":2828.26,"end":2828.356},{"text":"interaction","start":2828.501,"end":2829.079},{"text":"profiles","start":2829.079,"end":2829.368},{"text":"can","start":2829.4,"end":2829.561},{"text":"be","start":2829.561,"end":2829.705},{"text":"adapted.","start":2829.785,"end":2830.492}]},{"text":"And here innovation plays a fundamental role.","start":2831.23,"end":2833.189,"topics":[{"key":"gear-innovation","label":"Fishing Gear Innovation","description":"Several speakers highlighted technical innovations to reduce seabed contact, bycatch, fuel use, and broader ecosystem impacts from bottom fishing. 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."},{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":2845.938,"end":2846.067},{"text":"one","start":2846.083,"end":2846.34},{"text":"of","start":2846.34,"end":2846.629},{"text":"these","start":2846.725,"end":2847.191},{"text":"is","start":2847.367,"end":2847.48},{"text":"stone","start":2847.48,"end":2847.897},{"text":"ball","start":2848.491,"end":2848.62},{"text":"longline.","start":2848.909,"end":2849.439}]},{"text":"And this, thanks to some adjustments to its configuration, has totally changed the profile of interaction with the seabed.","start":2850.419,"end":2860.09,"topics":[{"key":"gear-innovation","label":"Fishing Gear Innovation","description":"Several speakers highlighted technical innovations to reduce seabed contact, bycatch, fuel use, and broader ecosystem impacts from bottom fishing. 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Thank you, Madam Moderator.","start":3127.078,"end":3129.311,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Okay.","start":3127.078,"end":3127.24},{"text":"Thank","start":3128.194,"end":3128.437},{"text":"you,","start":3128.437,"end":3128.469},{"text":"Madam","start":3128.518,"end":3128.744},{"text":"Moderator.","start":3128.777,"end":3129.311}]},{"text":"It's also great to see New Zealanders here today, this morning, so kia ora.","start":3129.65,"end":3134.105,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":3129.65,"end":3129.812},{"text":"also","start":3129.974,"end":3130.216},{"text":"great","start":3130.216,"end":3130.425},{"text":"to","start":3131.116,"end":3131.261},{"text":"see","start":3131.261,"end":3131.437},{"text":"New","start":3131.437,"end":3131.598},{"text":"Zealanders","start":3131.598,"end":3132.048},{"text":"here","start":3132.064,"end":3132.337},{"text":"today,","start":3132.482,"end":3132.723},{"text":"this","start":3132.884,"end":3133.012},{"text":"morning,","start":3133.125,"end":3133.414},{"text":"so","start":3133.527,"end":3133.687},{"text":"kia","start":3133.768,"end":3133.912},{"text":"ora.","start":3133.912,"end":3134.105}]},{"text":"We would like to make a statement and perhaps, Madam Moderator and Secretariat, if this is okay, request a response from New Zealand as a follow-up given the online presentation.","start":3135.134,"end":3145.422,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3135.134,"end":3135.278},{"text":"would","start":3135.278,"end":3135.439},{"text":"like","start":3135.439,"end":3135.632},{"text":"to","start":3135.632,"end":3135.776},{"text":"make","start":3135.776,"end":3136.082},{"text":"a","start":3136.082,"end":3136.098},{"text":"statement","start":3136.098,"end":3136.628},{"text":"and","start":3136.725,"end":3136.837},{"text":"perhaps,","start":3137.046,"end":3137.464},{"text":"Madam","start":3137.721,"end":3138.428},{"text":"Moderator","start":3138.508,"end":3139.039},{"text":"and","start":3139.232,"end":3139.559},{"text":"Secretariat,","start":3139.559,"end":3140.05},{"text":"if","start":3140.066,"end":3140.148},{"text":"this","start":3140.148,"end":3140.311},{"text":"is","start":3140.311,"end":3140.426},{"text":"okay,","start":3140.442,"end":3140.868},{"text":"request","start":3140.933,"end":3141.374},{"text":"a","start":3141.374,"end":3141.44},{"text":"response","start":3141.44,"end":3141.554},{"text":"from","start":3141.554,"end":3141.636},{"text":"New","start":3141.636,"end":3141.685},{"text":"Zealand","start":3141.685,"end":3141.816},{"text":"as","start":3141.832,"end":3141.898},{"text":"a","start":3143.012,"end":3143.078},{"text":"follow-up","start":3143.078,"end":3143.761},{"text":"given","start":3143.81,"end":3144.136},{"text":"the","start":3144.136,"end":3144.282},{"text":"online","start":3144.396,"end":3144.689},{"text":"presentation.","start":3144.803,"end":3145.422}]},{"text":"UNGA resolutions require member states and RFMOs to identify where VMEs are known to occur or are likely to occur and adopt conservation and management measures to prevent significant adverse impacts on such ecosystems, as we've heard over the last 2 days.","start":3148.051,"end":3164.876,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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President.","start":3410.925,"end":3413.766,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3410.925,"end":3411.182},{"text":"you","start":3411.182,"end":3411.262},{"text":"very","start":3411.262,"end":3411.407},{"text":"much","start":3411.407,"end":3411.616},{"text":"to","start":3411.648,"end":3411.89},{"text":"the","start":3411.89,"end":3412.131},{"text":"Thank","start":3412.51,"end":3412.816},{"text":"you","start":3412.88,"end":3412.928},{"text":"very","start":3412.928,"end":3412.993},{"text":"much,","start":3413.025,"end":3413.122},{"text":"Mr.","start":3413.138,"end":3413.251},{"text":"President.","start":3413.331,"end":3413.766}]},{"text":"It's a very, very interesting presentation, especially our delegation is very much interested in the new fishing gear presented by Spain, especially on the stone ball longline.","start":3413.814,"end":3425.182,"topics":[{"key":"gear-innovation","label":"Fishing Gear Innovation","description":"Several speakers highlighted technical innovations to 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"All","start":3455.407,"end":3455.455},{"text":"measures","start":3455.503,"end":3456},{"text":"which","start":3456.065,"end":3456.225},{"text":"adopted","start":3456.225,"end":3456.642},{"text":"by","start":3456.77,"end":3456.946},{"text":"the","start":3456.946,"end":3457.091},{"text":"RFMOs","start":3457.091,"end":3457.668},{"text":"are","start":3457.892,"end":3457.972},{"text":"applied","start":3457.972,"end":3458.373},{"text":"to","start":3458.373,"end":3458.469},{"text":"Japanese","start":3458.469,"end":3458.838},{"text":"fishing","start":3458.934,"end":3459.078},{"text":"vessels","start":3459.191,"end":3459.64},{"text":"through","start":3459.752,"end":3460.008},{"text":"domestic","start":3460.008,"end":3460.537},{"text":"registration.","start":3460.537,"end":3461.243}]},{"text":"Then I would like to share our and what Japan did, especially in the North Pacific, in the NPFC.","start":3462.156,"end":3469.953,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":3814.541,"end":3814.832},{"text":"as","start":3815.349,"end":3815.479},{"text":"we","start":3815.511,"end":3815.592},{"text":"have","start":3815.592,"end":3815.689},{"text":"seen,","start":3815.689,"end":3816.044},{"text":"to","start":3817.143,"end":3817.288},{"text":"a","start":3817.288,"end":3817.353},{"text":"large","start":3817.353,"end":3817.611},{"text":"extent","start":3817.611,"end":3818.08},{"text":"the","start":3818.08,"end":3818.161},{"text":"way","start":3818.161,"end":3818.339},{"text":"that","start":3818.339,"end":3818.468},{"text":"the","start":3818.484,"end":3818.581},{"text":"states","start":3818.581,"end":3818.985},{"text":"are","start":3819.05,"end":3819.211},{"text":"implementing","start":3819.211,"end":3819.68},{"text":"things","start":3819.712,"end":3819.89},{"text":"is","start":3819.954,"end":3820.003},{"text":"through","start":3820.1,"end":3820.326},{"text":"the","start":3820.342,"end":3820.439},{"text":"RFMOs","start":3820.439,"end":3820.908},{"text":"in","start":3820.924,"end":3820.972},{"text":"most","start":3821.166,"end":3821.506},{"text":"of","start":3821.506,"end":3821.554},{"text":"the","start":3821.635,"end":3821.732},{"text":"areas","start":3821.732,"end":3822.022},{"text":"where","start":3823.104,"end":3823.475},{"text":"high","start":3824.54,"end":3824.669},{"text":"seas","start":3824.717,"end":3825.008},{"text":"bottom","start":3825.444,"end":3825.686},{"text":"fishing","start":3825.686,"end":3825.896},{"text":"is","start":3825.944,"end":3826.025},{"text":"taking","start":3826.025,"end":3826.299},{"text":"place.","start":3826.315,"end":3826.428}]},{"text":"Of course there are RFMOs and the implementation takes place through that and I think the intervention or the presentation of New Zealand in particular was very interesting in that context.","start":3826.509,"end":3835.928,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"But","start":3859.326,"end":3859.47},{"text":"we","start":3859.47,"end":3859.567},{"text":"also","start":3859.631,"end":3859.888},{"text":"have","start":3859.888,"end":3860.177},{"text":"implementation","start":3861.414,"end":3862.008},{"text":"of","start":3862.04,"end":3862.185},{"text":"states","start":3862.795,"end":3863.165},{"text":"as","start":3863.165,"end":3863.229},{"text":"flag","start":3863.325,"end":3863.582},{"text":"states","start":3863.582,"end":3863.904},{"text":"where","start":3863.904,"end":3864.064},{"text":"there","start":3864.064,"end":3864.225},{"text":"are","start":3864.225,"end":3864.482},{"text":"no","start":3864.546,"end":3864.691},{"text":"RFMOs.","start":3864.787,"end":3865.205}]},{"text":"And again, repeating what I said yesterday, that's basically just a complicated way of saying the Southwest Atlantic.","start":3865.654,"end":3872.353,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3865.654,"end":3865.799},{"text":"again,","start":3866.955,"end":3867.245},{"text":"repeating","start":3867.261,"end":3867.646},{"text":"what","start":3867.662,"end":3867.823},{"text":"I","start":3867.823,"end":3867.839},{"text":"said","start":3867.839,"end":3868.064},{"text":"yesterday,","start":3868.064,"end":3868.546},{"text":"that's","start":3869.124,"end":3869.365},{"text":"basically","start":3869.365,"end":3869.686},{"text":"just","start":3869.686,"end":3870.088},{"text":"a","start":3870.152,"end":3870.232},{"text":"complicated","start":3870.232,"end":3870.698},{"text":"way","start":3870.73,"end":3870.891},{"text":"of","start":3870.891,"end":3870.987},{"text":"saying","start":3870.987,"end":3871.341},{"text":"the","start":3871.373,"end":3871.469},{"text":"Southwest","start":3871.469,"end":3871.951},{"text":"Atlantic.","start":3871.951,"end":3872.353}]},{"text":"That's the only area where you have bottom fishing outside the regime of an RFMO.","start":3872.481,"end":3876.995,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":3872.481,"end":3872.802},{"text":"the","start":3872.802,"end":3872.899},{"text":"only","start":3872.899,"end":3873.107},{"text":"area","start":3873.284,"end":3873.573},{"text":"where","start":3873.605,"end":3873.702},{"text":"you","start":3873.702,"end":3873.782},{"text":"have","start":3873.862,"end":3874.023},{"text":"bottom","start":3874.087,"end":3874.328},{"text":"fishing","start":3874.344,"end":3874.633},{"text":"outside","start":3875.051,"end":3875.485},{"text":"the","start":3876.015,"end":3876.095},{"text":"regime","start":3876.095,"end":3876.368},{"text":"of","start":3876.368,"end":3876.513},{"text":"an","start":3876.513,"end":3876.593},{"text":"RFMO.","start":3876.593,"end":3876.995}]},{"text":"But I would also like to thank very much the presentation— the presenter from Spain for highlighting the point that states obviously also have a very important role when it comes to formulating new approaches.","start":3878.36,"end":3890.736,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."},{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"When","start":3892.33,"end":3892.378},{"text":"you're","start":3892.378,"end":3892.491},{"text":"developing","start":3892.523,"end":3893.054},{"text":"fishing","start":3894.278,"end":3894.504},{"text":"gear","start":3894.6,"end":3894.858},{"text":"and","start":3894.858,"end":3894.939},{"text":"things","start":3894.939,"end":3895.148},{"text":"like","start":3895.18,"end":3895.406},{"text":"that,","start":3895.406,"end":3895.519},{"text":"that's","start":3895.567,"end":3895.825},{"text":"not","start":3895.825,"end":3896.082},{"text":"something","start":3896.082,"end":3896.501},{"text":"we","start":3896.549,"end":3896.694},{"text":"could","start":3896.71,"end":3897.049},{"text":"realistically","start":3897.194,"end":3897.645},{"text":"expect","start":3897.661,"end":3897.999},{"text":"the","start":3897.999,"end":3898.144},{"text":"RFMOs","start":3898.224,"end":3898.74},{"text":"as","start":3898.804,"end":3898.901},{"text":"institutions","start":3898.965,"end":3899.577},{"text":"to","start":3899.593,"end":3899.658},{"text":"do,","start":3899.674,"end":3899.835},{"text":"so","start":3899.851,"end":3900.077},{"text":"the","start":3900.077,"end":3900.109},{"text":"role","start":3900.109,"end":3900.238},{"text":"of","start":3900.318,"end":3900.399},{"text":"states","start":3900.399,"end":3900.753},{"text":"is","start":3900.753,"end":3900.866},{"text":"very","start":3900.898,"end":3901.043},{"text":"important","start":3901.043,"end":3901.462},{"text":"there.","start":3901.462,"end":3901.72}]},{"text":"And I think the presentation that we saw on those issues is very relevant for us, and I thank them for that.","start":3902.412,"end":3908.375,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3902.412,"end":3902.67},{"text":"I","start":3902.67,"end":3902.686},{"text":"think","start":3902.751,"end":3903.138},{"text":"the","start":3903.557,"end":3903.814},{"text":"presentation","start":3903.959,"end":3904.491},{"text":"that","start":3904.523,"end":3904.668},{"text":"we","start":3904.668,"end":3904.701},{"text":"saw","start":3904.701,"end":3904.926},{"text":"on","start":3904.926,"end":3904.975},{"text":"those","start":3905.007,"end":3905.216},{"text":"issues","start":3905.329,"end":3905.571},{"text":"is","start":3905.651,"end":3905.7},{"text":"very","start":3905.813,"end":3905.974},{"text":"relevant","start":3905.99,"end":3906.36},{"text":"for","start":3906.36,"end":3906.473},{"text":"us,","start":3906.473,"end":3906.554},{"text":"and","start":3906.618,"end":3906.747},{"text":"I","start":3907.086,"end":3907.102},{"text":"thank","start":3907.327,"end":3907.569},{"text":"them","start":3907.569,"end":3907.779},{"text":"for","start":3907.972,"end":3908.085},{"text":"that.","start":3908.085,"end":3908.375}]},{"text":"And also, Related to that, but different nevertheless, is a lot of scientific work that is carried out by states, not necessarily only under the auspices of RFMOs or related scientific committees, but then hopefully feeding their way into that, and work of states when it comes to scientific research can be very important in continuing with our task of ever improving how we are dealing with preventing significant adverse impacts on vulnerable marine ecosystems and of course ensuring the sustainability of the fisheries for the deep sea stocks themselves.","start":3909.358,"end":3946.717,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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I think that's very much worthwhile.","start":4024.397,"end":4026.159,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4024.397,"end":4024.477},{"text":"I","start":4024.621,"end":4024.669},{"text":"think","start":4024.717,"end":4024.942},{"text":"that's","start":4024.942,"end":4025.214},{"text":"very","start":4025.278,"end":4025.502},{"text":"much","start":4025.502,"end":4025.647},{"text":"worthwhile.","start":4025.679,"end":4026.159}]},{"text":"And again, sticking with the theme of this segment, that is where also states who are parties to various RFMOs around the world can be very important.","start":4026.784,"end":4038.193,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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question.","start":4375.02,"end":4376.892,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4375.02,"end":4375.222},{"text":"you,","start":4375.222,"end":4375.323},{"text":"Iceland,","start":4375.374,"end":4375.661},{"text":"also","start":4375.711,"end":4375.93},{"text":"for","start":4375.981,"end":4376.133},{"text":"stealing","start":4376.15,"end":4376.437},{"text":"my","start":4376.487,"end":4376.656},{"text":"question.","start":4376.656,"end":4376.892}]},{"text":"to Spain that I had up my sleeve on the situation where there is no RFMO, because we've discussed so much about the interplay between RFMOs and 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Several speakers also debated what counts as best available science, including the role of peer review, independent research, and updating measures as new evidence emerges."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":4510.45,"end":4510.53},{"text":"vulnerable","start":4510.562,"end":4510.998},{"text":"marine","start":4511.143,"end":4511.401},{"text":"ecosystems","start":4511.513,"end":4512.223},{"text":"and","start":4512.416,"end":4512.48},{"text":"the","start":4512.561,"end":4512.642},{"text":"long-term","start":4512.658,"end":4512.948},{"text":"sustainability","start":4512.996,"end":4513.722},{"text":"of","start":4513.802,"end":4513.915},{"text":"deep","start":4513.947,"end":4514.125},{"text":"sea","start":4514.125,"end":4514.35},{"text":"fish","start":4514.35,"end":4514.56},{"text":"stocks.","start":4514.657,"end":4514.979}]},{"text":"And I'd like to take a moment just to highlight a few key updates from Australia.","start":4515.785,"end":4522.253,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4515.785,"end":4516.333},{"text":"I'd","start":4516.349,"end":4516.43},{"text":"like","start":4516.446,"end":4516.591},{"text":"to","start":4516.591,"end":4516.671},{"text":"take","start":4516.671,"end":4516.865},{"text":"a","start":4516.865,"end":4516.897},{"text":"moment","start":4516.897,"end":4517.171},{"text":"just","start":4517.171,"end":4517.397},{"text":"to","start":4517.397,"end":4517.461},{"text":"highlight","start":4517.477,"end":4517.993},{"text":"a","start":4518.396,"end":4518.412},{"text":"few","start":4518.461,"end":4518.622},{"text":"key","start":4518.622,"end":4518.783},{"text":"updates","start":4521.188,"end":4521.559},{"text":"from","start":4521.607,"end":4521.736},{"text":"Australia.","start":4521.768,"end":4522.253}]},{"text":"Protecting our marine biodiversity and ensuring sustainable fishing is a priority for the Australian government and is also required under our laws.","start":4523.463,"end":4531.914,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4735.549,"end":4735.629},{"text":"provide","start":4735.629,"end":4735.999},{"text":"all","start":4736.095,"end":4736.224},{"text":"data","start":4736.272,"end":4736.754},{"text":"required","start":4736.834,"end":4737.236},{"text":"by","start":4737.236,"end":4737.38},{"text":"RFMOs","start":4737.38,"end":4737.846},{"text":"to","start":4738.345,"end":4738.425},{"text":"which","start":4738.425,"end":4738.57},{"text":"we're","start":4738.57,"end":4738.733},{"text":"a","start":4738.733,"end":4738.749},{"text":"party","start":4738.749,"end":4739.06},{"text":"and","start":4739.403,"end":4739.485},{"text":"provide","start":4739.502,"end":4739.845},{"text":"that","start":4740.139,"end":4740.319},{"text":"data","start":4740.319,"end":4740.646},{"text":"to","start":4740.646,"end":4740.81},{"text":"the","start":4740.81,"end":4740.957},{"text":"FAO","start":4741.039,"end":4742.036},{"text":"when","start":4742.2,"end":4742.298},{"text":"requested","start":4742.347,"end":4742.838},{"text":"to","start":4742.838,"end":4742.903},{"text":"do","start":4742.936,"end":4743.099},{"text":"so.","start":4743.099,"end":4743.312}]},{"text":"If you'd like a more fulsome summary of the actions that Australia has taken.","start":4745.26,"end":4749.443,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"If","start":4745.26,"end":4745.34},{"text":"you'd","start":4745.389,"end":4745.486},{"text":"like","start":4745.486,"end":4745.664},{"text":"a","start":4745.664,"end":4745.68},{"text":"more","start":4745.68,"end":4745.874},{"text":"fulsome","start":4745.874,"end":4746.278},{"text":"summary","start":4746.278,"end":4746.585},{"text":"of","start":4746.924,"end":4747.07},{"text":"the","start":4747.91,"end":4748.055},{"text":"actions","start":4748.055,"end":4748.395},{"text":"that","start":4748.395,"end":4748.492},{"text":"Australia","start":4748.492,"end":4748.879},{"text":"has","start":4748.879,"end":4749.009},{"text":"taken.","start":4749.12,"end":4749.443}]},{"text":"I encourage you to read our report that will inform the Secretary-General report on bottom fishing.","start":4749.572,"end":4755.987,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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allowing me to provide this update.","start":4756.423,"end":4758.152,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4756.423,"end":4756.649},{"text":"you","start":4756.649,"end":4756.698},{"text":"for","start":4756.73,"end":4757.005},{"text":"allowing","start":4757.134,"end":4757.36},{"text":"me","start":4757.392,"end":4757.473},{"text":"to","start":4757.473,"end":4757.554},{"text":"provide","start":4757.554,"end":4757.796},{"text":"this","start":4757.796,"end":4757.958},{"text":"update.","start":4757.958,"end":4758.152}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"AUS","affiliation_full":"Australia","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":40,"start":4761.64,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=4762","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you so much for providing it, delegate of Australia.","start":4761.64,"end":4766.111,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4761.64,"end":4761.818},{"text":"you","start":4761.818,"end":4761.915},{"text":"so","start":4761.915,"end":4762.093},{"text":"much","start":4762.093,"end":4762.352},{"text":"for","start":4762.644,"end":4762.838},{"text":"providing","start":4762.887,"end":4763.389},{"text":"it,","start":4763.454,"end":4763.713},{"text":"delegate","start":4764.896,"end":4765.171},{"text":"of","start":4765.171,"end":4765.365},{"text":"Australia.","start":4765.479,"end":4766.111}]},{"text":"I will proceed directly with the speakers list to Canada, and then after I have China, Norway, and NGO 12, which I think is Amy.","start":4766.84,"end":4775.712,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4766.84,"end":4766.888},{"text":"will","start":4766.937,"end":4767.131},{"text":"proceed","start":4767.65,"end":4768.087},{"text":"directly","start":4768.136,"end":4768.541},{"text":"with","start":4768.557,"end":4768.638},{"text":"the","start":4768.638,"end":4768.735},{"text":"speakers","start":4768.735,"end":4769.091},{"text":"list","start":4769.189,"end":4769.756},{"text":"to","start":4770.015,"end":4770.144},{"text":"Canada,","start":4770.404,"end":4771.068},{"text":"and","start":4771.295,"end":4771.392},{"text":"then","start":4771.392,"end":4771.522},{"text":"after","start":4771.555,"end":4771.865},{"text":"I","start":4771.865,"end":4771.881},{"text":"have","start":4771.881,"end":4772.028},{"text":"China,","start":4772.044,"end":4772.305},{"text":"Norway,","start":4772.37,"end":4772.794},{"text":"and","start":4773.006,"end":4773.087},{"text":"NGO","start":4773.25,"end":4773.511},{"text":"12,","start":4773.576,"end":4774},{"text":"which","start":4774.065,"end":4774.179},{"text":"I","start":4774.245,"end":4774.261},{"text":"think","start":4774.31,"end":4774.489},{"text":"is","start":4774.489,"end":4774.538},{"text":"Amy.","start":4775.358,"end":4775.712}]},{"text":"I will close the speakers list now unless there is any burning question that anybody has, in order to allow for— and somebody indeed has a burning question.","start":4775.97,"end":4787.704,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":4775.97,"end":4776.034},{"text":"will","start":4776.147,"end":4776.26},{"text":"close","start":4776.55,"end":4776.92},{"text":"the","start":4777.017,"end":4777.114},{"text":"speakers","start":4777.114,"end":4777.645},{"text":"list","start":4777.758,"end":4778.29},{"text":"now","start":4778.564,"end":4778.66},{"text":"unless","start":4779.208,"end":4779.546},{"text":"there","start":4779.933,"end":4780.046},{"text":"is","start":4780.078,"end":4780.142},{"text":"any","start":4780.319,"end":4780.545},{"text":"burning","start":4781.06,"end":4781.431},{"text":"question","start":4781.544,"end":4782.027},{"text":"that","start":4782.027,"end":4782.124},{"text":"anybody","start":4782.124,"end":4782.478},{"text":"has,","start":4782.51,"end":4782.72},{"text":"in","start":4783.557,"end":4783.606},{"text":"order","start":4783.718,"end":4783.96},{"text":"to","start":4784.041,"end":4784.17},{"text":"allow","start":4784.283,"end":4784.445},{"text":"for—","start":4784.526,"end":4785.694},{"text":"and","start":4785.726,"end":4785.807},{"text":"somebody","start":4785.823,"end":4786.277},{"text":"indeed","start":4786.31,"end":4786.634},{"text":"has","start":4786.634,"end":4786.764},{"text":"a","start":4786.942,"end":4786.975},{"text":"burning","start":4786.975,"end":4787.267},{"text":"question.","start":4787.267,"end":4787.704}]},{"text":"So we will proceed then.","start":4788.256,"end":4789.423,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":4788.256,"end":4788.483},{"text":"we","start":4788.499,"end":4788.661},{"text":"will","start":4788.661,"end":4788.775},{"text":"proceed","start":4788.888,"end":4789.277},{"text":"then.","start":4789.293,"end":4789.423}]},{"text":"And in Canada, you have the floor.","start":4790.202,"end":4791.353,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4790.202,"end":4790.266},{"text":"in","start":4790.364,"end":4790.493},{"text":"Canada,","start":4790.51,"end":4790.85},{"text":"you","start":4790.866,"end":4790.947},{"text":"have","start":4790.947,"end":4791.093},{"text":"the","start":4791.093,"end":4791.174},{"text":"floor.","start":4791.174,"end":4791.353}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ISL","affiliation_full":"Iceland","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":41,"start":4795.55,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=4796","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Moderator, fellow— you can hear me?","start":4795.55,"end":4798.329,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4795.55,"end":4795.808},{"text":"you,","start":4795.808,"end":4795.889},{"text":"Madam","start":4795.905,"end":4796.18},{"text":"Moderator,","start":4796.18,"end":4796.826},{"text":"fellow—","start":4796.939,"end":4797.182},{"text":"you","start":4797.925,"end":4798.006},{"text":"can","start":4798.006,"end":4798.055},{"text":"hear","start":4798.087,"end":4798.2},{"text":"me?","start":4798.232,"end":4798.329}]},{"text":"Madam Moderator, fellow delegates.","start":4800.107,"end":4801.433,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4800.107,"end":4800.317},{"text":"Moderator,","start":4800.317,"end":4800.754},{"text":"fellow","start":4800.818,"end":4800.996},{"text":"delegates.","start":4801.077,"end":4801.433}]},{"text":"On behalf of Canada, I express thanks for the panel presentations and fruitful discussions from day one that continue today.","start":4801.842,"end":4808.699,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":4801.842,"end":4801.923},{"text":"behalf","start":4801.923,"end":4802.244},{"text":"of","start":4802.244,"end":4802.308},{"text":"Canada,","start":4802.324,"end":4802.886},{"text":"I","start":4803.031,"end":4803.079},{"text":"express","start":4803.111,"end":4803.4},{"text":"thanks","start":4803.528,"end":4803.914},{"text":"for","start":4803.914,"end":4804.01},{"text":"the","start":4804.01,"end":4804.251},{"text":"panel","start":4804.251,"end":4804.556},{"text":"presentations","start":4804.556,"end":4805.343},{"text":"and","start":4805.6,"end":4805.953},{"text":"fruitful","start":4806.017,"end":4806.386},{"text":"discussions","start":4806.483,"end":4806.997},{"text":"from","start":4807.045,"end":4807.125},{"text":"day","start":4807.221,"end":4807.318},{"text":"one","start":4807.446,"end":4807.575},{"text":"that","start":4807.687,"end":4807.832},{"text":"continue","start":4807.944,"end":4808.426},{"text":"today.","start":4808.426,"end":4808.699}]},{"text":"Thank you for the opportunity to learn more about best practices, progress, and innovations made by states and RFMOs to minimize and mitigate long-term impacts of bottom fishing on BMEs.","start":4809.55,"end":4819.36,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."}],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4809.55,"end":4809.774},{"text":"you","start":4809.774,"end":4809.855},{"text":"for","start":4809.855,"end":4809.983},{"text":"the","start":4809.983,"end":4810.08},{"text":"opportunity","start":4810.112,"end":4810.722},{"text":"to","start":4810.738,"end":4810.802},{"text":"learn","start":4810.818,"end":4811.043},{"text":"more","start":4811.075,"end":4811.187},{"text":"about","start":4811.236,"end":4811.428},{"text":"best","start":4811.476,"end":4811.717},{"text":"practices,","start":4811.782,"end":4812.327},{"text":"progress,","start":4812.504,"end":4812.873},{"text":"and","start":4813.066,"end":4813.13},{"text":"innovations","start":4813.243,"end":4813.773},{"text":"made","start":4813.885,"end":4814.11},{"text":"by","start":4814.11,"end":4814.206},{"text":"states","start":4814.206,"end":4814.575},{"text":"and","start":4814.607,"end":4814.752},{"text":"RFMOs","start":4814.752,"end":4815.282},{"text":"to","start":4815.571,"end":4815.699},{"text":"minimize","start":4815.699,"end":4816.261},{"text":"and","start":4816.454,"end":4816.518},{"text":"mitigate","start":4816.534,"end":4816.936},{"text":"long-term","start":4816.936,"end":4817.369},{"text":"impacts","start":4817.417,"end":4817.899},{"text":"of","start":4818.044,"end":4818.124},{"text":"bottom","start":4818.14,"end":4818.413},{"text":"fishing","start":4818.461,"end":4818.75},{"text":"on","start":4818.846,"end":4818.895},{"text":"BMEs.","start":4819.007,"end":4819.36}]},{"text":"Briefly, Canada continues to support and demonstrate strong commitment to the implementation of UNGA resolutions pertaining to the protection of VMEs.","start":4820.372,"end":4828.737,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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Debate centered on whether current tools such as closures, encounter rules, and move-on provisions are sufficient."}],"words":[{"text":"Briefly,","start":4820.372,"end":4820.757},{"text":"Canada","start":4820.934,"end":4821.351},{"text":"continues","start":4821.351,"end":4821.801},{"text":"to","start":4821.833,"end":4821.977},{"text":"support","start":4821.977,"end":4822.475},{"text":"and","start":4822.475,"end":4822.588},{"text":"demonstrate","start":4822.588,"end":4823.069},{"text":"strong","start":4823.101,"end":4823.406},{"text":"commitment","start":4823.439,"end":4823.92},{"text":"to","start":4823.92,"end":4824.081},{"text":"the","start":4824.081,"end":4824.145},{"text":"implementation","start":4824.161,"end":4824.932},{"text":"of","start":4825.125,"end":4825.221},{"text":"UNGA","start":4825.381,"end":4825.638},{"text":"resolutions","start":4825.911,"end":4826.618},{"text":"pertaining","start":4826.794,"end":4827.1},{"text":"to","start":4827.356,"end":4827.453},{"text":"the","start":4827.453,"end":4827.533},{"text":"protection","start":4827.533,"end":4828.047},{"text":"of","start":4828.079,"end":4828.143},{"text":"VMEs.","start":4828.175,"end":4828.737}]},{"text":"These commitments remain the foundation of our approach to ensuring that deep-sea fisheries are managed responsibly and in a manner that prevents significant adverse impacts on sensitive marine habitats.","start":4829.54,"end":4840.748,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":4854.33,"end":4854.394},{"text":"the","start":4854.491,"end":4854.587},{"text":"primary","start":4854.587,"end":4854.956},{"text":"coastal","start":4854.988,"end":4855.373},{"text":"state","start":4855.373,"end":4855.63},{"text":"in","start":4855.63,"end":4855.678},{"text":"NAFO,","start":4855.71,"end":4856.239},{"text":"and","start":4856.271,"end":4856.4},{"text":"given","start":4856.432,"end":4856.64},{"text":"the","start":4856.673,"end":4856.833},{"text":"ecological","start":4856.833,"end":4857.362},{"text":"importance","start":4857.362,"end":4857.796},{"text":"of","start":4857.796,"end":4857.86},{"text":"Canada's","start":4857.876,"end":4858.469},{"text":"Eastern","start":4858.502,"end":4858.806},{"text":"Continental","start":4858.822,"end":4859.32},{"text":"Shelf,","start":4859.32,"end":4859.673},{"text":"Canada","start":4859.962,"end":4860.443},{"text":"has","start":4860.443,"end":4860.651},{"text":"continued","start":4860.748,"end":4861.165},{"text":"to","start":4861.165,"end":4861.261},{"text":"play","start":4861.309,"end":4861.486},{"text":"a","start":4861.486,"end":4861.55},{"text":"leadership","start":4861.55,"end":4862.047},{"text":"role","start":4862.047,"end":4862.16},{"text":"in","start":4862.368,"end":4862.432},{"text":"the","start":4862.432,"end":4862.529},{"text":"adoption","start":4862.529,"end":4862.978},{"text":"of","start":4862.994,"end":4863.042},{"text":"measures","start":4863.09,"end":4863.459},{"text":"to","start":4863.491,"end":4863.62},{"text":"protect","start":4863.62,"end":4864.037},{"text":"VMEs.","start":4864.037,"end":4864.438}]},{"text":"Despite that Dr. Kenchington was not able to join us today and yesterday in person, she is online joining us, and I'm pleased that this exemplary work in NAFO, with a closer look at potential impacts of climate change on VMEs could be shared with everyone at this workshop.","start":4865.416,"end":4881.926,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. 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Thank you, Moderator.","start":4939.18,"end":4943.064,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4939.18,"end":4939.266},{"text":"you,","start":4939.266,"end":4939.3},{"text":"Moderator.","start":4939.369,"end":4939.989},{"text":"Thank","start":4942.316,"end":4942.465},{"text":"you,","start":4942.465,"end":4942.515},{"text":"Moderator.","start":4942.532,"end":4943.064}]},{"text":"It's a great pleasure to hear the other representatives.","start":4944.672,"end":4950.573,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It's","start":4944.672,"end":4944.9},{"text":"a","start":4944.9,"end":4945.078},{"text":"great","start":4945.078,"end":4945.339},{"text":"pleasure","start":4945.404,"end":4945.891},{"text":"to","start":4946.135,"end":4946.298},{"text":"hear","start":4947.826,"end":4948.265},{"text":"the","start":4948.574,"end":4948.639},{"text":"other","start":4948.72,"end":4949.5},{"text":"representatives.","start":4949.858,"end":4950.573}]},{"text":"For me personally, this workshop is really useful.","start":4951.98,"end":4956.249,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":4951.98,"end":4952.079},{"text":"me","start":4952.079,"end":4952.262},{"text":"personally,","start":4952.262,"end":4952.892},{"text":"this","start":4953.754,"end":4954.003},{"text":"workshop","start":4954.07,"end":4954.683},{"text":"is","start":4954.733,"end":4954.8},{"text":"really","start":4954.87,"end":4955.6},{"text":"useful.","start":4955.778,"end":4956.249}]},{"text":"And I'd like to offer some information on China.","start":4957.157,"end":4960.662,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":4957.157,"end":4957.206},{"text":"I'd","start":4957.206,"end":4957.271},{"text":"like","start":4957.336,"end":4957.596},{"text":"to","start":4957.596,"end":4957.871},{"text":"offer","start":4958.228,"end":4958.488},{"text":"some","start":4958.488,"end":4958.65},{"text":"information","start":4958.65,"end":4959.251},{"text":"on","start":4959.997,"end":4960.062},{"text":"China.","start":4960.095,"end":4960.662}]},{"text":"Currently, on high seas, China does not carry out bottom trolling.","start":4961.149,"end":4966.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Currently,","start":4961.149,"end":4961.522},{"text":"on","start":4961.782,"end":4961.831},{"text":"high","start":4961.944,"end":4962.074},{"text":"seas,","start":4962.123,"end":4962.496},{"text":"China","start":4963.07,"end":4963.344},{"text":"does","start":4963.489,"end":4963.635},{"text":"not","start":4963.683,"end":4963.974},{"text":"carry","start":4963.974,"end":4964.2},{"text":"out","start":4964.377,"end":4964.846},{"text":"bottom","start":4965.588,"end":4965.976},{"text":"trolling.","start":4966.008,"end":4966.46}]},{"text":"We do not have such vessels, but China is ready to actively participate in relevant discussions.","start":4966.961,"end":4972.757,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4966.961,"end":4967.058},{"text":"do","start":4967.058,"end":4967.138},{"text":"not","start":4967.138,"end":4967.348},{"text":"have","start":4967.364,"end":4967.477},{"text":"such","start":4967.477,"end":4967.671},{"text":"vessels,","start":4967.704,"end":4968.156},{"text":"but","start":4968.269,"end":4968.382},{"text":"China","start":4968.43,"end":4968.721},{"text":"is","start":4968.737,"end":4968.801},{"text":"ready","start":4969.06,"end":4969.367},{"text":"to","start":4969.383,"end":4969.544},{"text":"actively","start":4969.56,"end":4970.012},{"text":"participate","start":4970.125,"end":4971.03},{"text":"in","start":4971.579,"end":4971.676},{"text":"relevant","start":4971.724,"end":4972.095},{"text":"discussions.","start":4972.144,"end":4972.757}]},{"text":"I'm also pleased to see that some countries do practice bottom trolling and they are working actively to protect the bottom ecosystems, in particular in the background of climate change, making this all the more crucial.","start":4974.239,"end":4992.3,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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exploration.","start":5078,"end":5083.511,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"That's","start":5078,"end":5078.241},{"text":"just","start":5078.241,"end":5078.369},{"text":"my","start":5078.418,"end":5078.61},{"text":"idea","start":5078.9,"end":5080.362},{"text":"for","start":5080.41,"end":5080.699},{"text":"our","start":5081.888,"end":5082.049},{"text":"future","start":5082.049,"end":5082.676},{"text":"exploration.","start":5082.917,"end":5083.511}]},{"text":"And also, I'd like to thank our colleague from Iceland.","start":5084.347,"end":5087.677,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5084.347,"end":5084.652},{"text":"also,","start":5084.829,"end":5084.941},{"text":"I'd","start":5085.006,"end":5085.15},{"text":"like","start":5085.15,"end":5085.391},{"text":"to","start":5085.391,"end":5085.488},{"text":"thank","start":5085.488,"end":5085.905},{"text":"our","start":5086.05,"end":5086.42},{"text":"colleague","start":5086.532,"end":5086.839},{"text":"from","start":5086.855,"end":5087.193},{"text":"Iceland.","start":5087.242,"end":5087.677}]},{"text":"I did have some questions for Spain, but they've been covered by Iceland, so thank you.","start":5088.306,"end":5092.417,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5088.306,"end":5088.354},{"text":"did","start":5088.451,"end":5088.596},{"text":"have","start":5088.628,"end":5088.806},{"text":"some","start":5088.806,"end":5088.919},{"text":"questions","start":5088.951,"end":5089.37},{"text":"for","start":5089.418,"end":5089.499},{"text":"Spain,","start":5089.499,"end":5089.854},{"text":"but","start":5090.063,"end":5090.305},{"text":"they've","start":5090.305,"end":5090.563},{"text":"been","start":5090.563,"end":5090.692},{"text":"covered","start":5090.708,"end":5091.047},{"text":"by","start":5091.047,"end":5091.353},{"text":"Iceland,","start":5091.45,"end":5091.853},{"text":"so","start":5091.869,"end":5092.014},{"text":"thank","start":5092.095,"end":5092.321},{"text":"you.","start":5092.321,"end":5092.417}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"CHN","affiliation_full":"China","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":44,"start":5096.124,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=5097","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much, China, and I give the floor to Norway.","start":5096.124,"end":5098.807,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5096.124,"end":5096.302},{"text":"you","start":5096.302,"end":5096.383},{"text":"very","start":5096.383,"end":5096.593},{"text":"much,","start":5096.593,"end":5096.755},{"text":"China,","start":5096.932,"end":5097.352},{"text":"and","start":5097.595,"end":5097.659},{"text":"I","start":5097.756,"end":5097.773},{"text":"give","start":5097.918,"end":5098.08},{"text":"the","start":5098.08,"end":5098.177},{"text":"floor","start":5098.177,"end":5098.403},{"text":"to","start":5098.403,"end":5098.5},{"text":"Norway.","start":5098.5,"end":5098.807}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ISL","affiliation_full":"Iceland","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":45,"start":5103.201,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=5104","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Moderator, and thank you to all the panelists both today and yesterday for all those interesting interventions.","start":5103.201,"end":5114.604,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5103.201,"end":5103.363},{"text":"you,","start":5103.363,"end":5103.428},{"text":"Madam","start":5103.444,"end":5103.686},{"text":"Moderator,","start":5104.091,"end":5104.609},{"text":"and","start":5105.871,"end":5106.016},{"text":"thank","start":5106.291,"end":5106.599},{"text":"you","start":5106.599,"end":5106.777},{"text":"to","start":5106.777,"end":5106.874},{"text":"all","start":5107.003,"end":5107.052},{"text":"the","start":5107.1,"end":5107.181},{"text":"panelists","start":5107.181,"end":5107.828},{"text":"both","start":5107.828,"end":5108.038},{"text":"today","start":5108.378,"end":5108.669},{"text":"and","start":5108.944,"end":5109.284},{"text":"yesterday","start":5109.592,"end":5110.158},{"text":"for","start":5110.595,"end":5110.886},{"text":"all","start":5110.886,"end":5110.934},{"text":"those","start":5111.048,"end":5111.274},{"text":"interesting","start":5111.371,"end":5111.921},{"text":"interventions.","start":5114.227,"end":5114.604}]},{"text":"I have no questions, only some reflections.","start":5114.867,"end":5117.855,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5114.867,"end":5115.015},{"text":"have","start":5115.031,"end":5115.212},{"text":"no","start":5115.228,"end":5115.425},{"text":"questions,","start":5115.606,"end":5116.082},{"text":"only","start":5116.508,"end":5116.771},{"text":"some","start":5116.788,"end":5116.985},{"text":"reflections.","start":5117.264,"end":5117.855}]},{"text":"Norway delivered a report to this meeting which explains some of the cooperation with the RFMOs we are members of.","start":5120.37,"end":5127.672,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"Norway","start":5120.37,"end":5120.645},{"text":"delivered","start":5120.645,"end":5121.1},{"text":"a","start":5121.603,"end":5121.619},{"text":"report","start":5121.684,"end":5122.041},{"text":"to","start":5122.041,"end":5122.122},{"text":"this","start":5122.171,"end":5122.349},{"text":"meeting","start":5122.349,"end":5122.641},{"text":"which","start":5122.82,"end":5122.966},{"text":"explains","start":5123.161,"end":5123.745},{"text":"some","start":5123.745,"end":5124.053},{"text":"of","start":5124.053,"end":5124.199},{"text":"the","start":5124.199,"end":5124.248},{"text":"cooperation","start":5124.296,"end":5125.01},{"text":"with","start":5125.757,"end":5125.903},{"text":"the","start":5125.903,"end":5126},{"text":"RFMOs","start":5126,"end":5126.503},{"text":"we","start":5126.876,"end":5126.958},{"text":"are","start":5126.974,"end":5127.071},{"text":"members","start":5127.071,"end":5127.542},{"text":"of.","start":5127.542,"end":5127.672}]},{"text":"Since the last bottom fishing workshop, Norway have steadily developed the knowledge base for biodiversity in our oceans and refined the fishery fisheries management, now with more emphasis on fisheries control.","start":5129.282,"end":5142.647,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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we have Mr. Eduardo Sifolia, Head Advisor for International Affairs at Brazil's Ministry of Fisheries and 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presentation is The Perspective of Brazil in Relation to the Impacts of Bottom Fisheries on Climate Change.","start":6730.254,"end":6737.528,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6730.254,"end":6730.334},{"text":"title","start":6730.334,"end":6730.639},{"text":"of","start":6730.639,"end":6730.703},{"text":"his","start":6730.72,"end":6730.864},{"text":"presentation","start":6730.896,"end":6731.587},{"text":"is","start":6731.683,"end":6731.747},{"text":"The","start":6732.405,"end":6732.502},{"text":"Perspective","start":6732.502,"end":6733.208},{"text":"of","start":6733.208,"end":6733.273},{"text":"Brazil","start":6733.305,"end":6733.658},{"text":"in","start":6734.348,"end":6734.445},{"text":"Relation","start":6734.493,"end":6735.039},{"text":"to","start":6735.071,"end":6735.199},{"text":"the","start":6735.215,"end":6735.296},{"text":"Impacts","start":6735.376,"end":6735.729},{"text":"of","start":6735.729,"end":6735.793},{"text":"Bottom","start":6735.793,"end":6736.098},{"text":"Fisheries","start":6736.098,"end":6736.564},{"text":"on","start":6736.677,"end":6736.821},{"text":"Climate","start":6736.821,"end":6737.222},{"text":"Change.","start":6737.222,"end":6737.528}]},{"text":"This again is a prerecorded presentation.","start":6738.362,"end":6740.739,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6738.362,"end":6738.491},{"text":"again","start":6738.603,"end":6738.892},{"text":"is","start":6739.005,"end":6739.053},{"text":"a","start":6739.31,"end":6739.406},{"text":"prerecorded","start":6739.406,"end":6740.097},{"text":"presentation.","start":6740.113,"end":6740.739}]},{"text":"Last but not least, we have sitting here with us in person Ms. Bronwen Gulder, Campaign Director for the Deep Sea Conservation Coalition, the 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title of her presentation is Lines in the Ocean: Deep Sea Fisheries Management Through a Cultural Lens.","start":6755.11,"end":6762.652,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6755.11,"end":6755.191},{"text":"title","start":6755.207,"end":6755.547},{"text":"of","start":6755.547,"end":6755.677},{"text":"her","start":6755.693,"end":6755.904},{"text":"presentation","start":6755.937,"end":6756.65},{"text":"is","start":6756.829,"end":6756.975},{"text":"Lines","start":6757.478,"end":6757.867},{"text":"in","start":6757.98,"end":6758.029},{"text":"the","start":6758.126,"end":6758.289},{"text":"Ocean:","start":6758.305,"end":6758.678},{"text":"Deep","start":6759.586,"end":6759.829},{"text":"Sea","start":6759.829,"end":6760.073},{"text":"Fisheries","start":6760.073,"end":6760.462},{"text":"Management","start":6760.576,"end":6761.37},{"text":"Through","start":6761.37,"end":6761.533},{"text":"a","start":6761.614,"end":6761.63},{"text":"Cultural","start":6761.695,"end":6762.311},{"text":"Lens.","start":6762.425,"end":6762.652}]},{"text":"I would now wish to give the floor to our first 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Several speakers also debated what counts as best available science, including the role of peer review, independent research, and updating measures as new evidence emerges."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":6952.478,"end":6952.542},{"text":"in","start":6952.622,"end":6952.686},{"text":"this","start":6952.718,"end":6952.943},{"text":"respect,","start":6952.943,"end":6953.441},{"text":"this","start":6953.602,"end":6953.762},{"text":"presentation","start":6953.762,"end":6954.372},{"text":"is","start":6954.469,"end":6954.533},{"text":"guided","start":6954.629,"end":6955.014},{"text":"by","start":6955.047,"end":6955.239},{"text":"paragraphs","start":6955.512,"end":6956.058},{"text":"84","start":6956.235,"end":6956.684},{"text":"and","start":6956.813,"end":6956.877},{"text":"85","start":6957.038,"end":6957.744},{"text":"of","start":6958.081,"end":6958.306},{"text":"the","start":6958.418,"end":6958.659},{"text":"International","start":6958.756,"end":6959.301},{"text":"Guidelines","start":6959.301,"end":6959.912},{"text":"for","start":6960.024,"end":6960.088},{"text":"the","start":6960.088,"end":6960.185},{"text":"Management","start":6960.185,"end":6960.602},{"text":"of","start":6960.602,"end":6960.714},{"text":"Deep","start":6960.746,"end":6960.923},{"text":"Sea","start":6960.923,"end":6961.068},{"text":"Fisheries","start":6961.132,"end":6961.437},{"text":"in","start":6961.469,"end":6961.517},{"text":"the","start":6961.614,"end":6961.694},{"text":"High","start":6961.694,"end":6961.79},{"text":"Seas,","start":6961.854,"end":6962.24},{"text":"which","start":6963.315,"end":6963.444},{"text":"were","start":6963.54,"end":6963.604},{"text":"adopted","start":6963.604,"end":6963.926},{"text":"in","start":6963.974,"end":6964.022},{"text":"2008.","start":6964.102,"end":6964.953}]},{"text":"And under its special requirements of developing states, it says that FAO should assist developing countries in implementing these guidelines and the actions called for in UNGA resolutions.","start":6965.307,"end":6976.628,"topics":[{"key":"developing-state-capacity","label":"Capacity Building for Developing States","description":"Another recurring topic was the need for technical assistance, training, finance, and institutional support so developing states can participate effectively in RFMO science, compliance, and management processes. 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Speakers highlighted that RFMOs act through their members, so state leadership remains central both inside RFMO processes and in areas where no RFMO exists."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7021.222,"end":7021.513},{"text":"all","start":7021.69,"end":7021.836},{"text":"RFMO","start":7021.933,"end":7022.272},{"text":"contracting","start":7022.337,"end":7022.806},{"text":"parties,","start":7022.919,"end":7023.371},{"text":"regardless","start":7023.468,"end":7024.018},{"text":"of","start":7024.115,"end":7024.196},{"text":"economic","start":7024.196,"end":7024.552},{"text":"status,","start":7024.552,"end":7025.053},{"text":"can","start":7025.668,"end":7025.846},{"text":"benefit","start":7025.911,"end":7026.396},{"text":"from","start":7026.396,"end":7026.623},{"text":"technical","start":7026.623,"end":7027.06},{"text":"assistance,","start":7027.06,"end":7027.723},{"text":"collaborative","start":7027.998,"end":7028.597},{"text":"learning,","start":7028.662,"end":7029.034},{"text":"and","start":7029.309,"end":7029.374},{"text":"cooperative","start":7029.471,"end":7030.102},{"text":"initiatives.","start":7030.102,"end":7030.733}]},{"text":"So within this context, I wanted to first give a short overview of the activities of the project that have been addressing this special requirements of developing states.","start":7032.94,"end":7044.087,"topics":[{"key":"developing-state-capacity","label":"Capacity Building for Developing States","description":"Another recurring topic was the need for technical assistance, training, finance, and institutional support so developing states can participate effectively in RFMO science, compliance, and management processes. 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Several speakers also debated what counts as best available science, including the role of peer review, independent research, and updating measures as new evidence emerges."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7057.09,"end":7057.202},{"text":"course","start":7057.202,"end":7057.636},{"text":"is","start":7057.861,"end":7057.973},{"text":"called","start":7058.568,"end":7058.857},{"text":"Strengthening","start":7058.873,"end":7059.419},{"text":"Deep","start":7059.532,"end":7059.708},{"text":"Sea","start":7059.708,"end":7059.917},{"text":"Fisheries","start":7059.917,"end":7060.255},{"text":"Management","start":7060.255,"end":7060.881},{"text":"in","start":7060.881,"end":7060.929},{"text":"Areas","start":7060.978,"end":7061.267},{"text":"Beyond","start":7061.299,"end":7061.604},{"text":"National","start":7061.604,"end":7062.006},{"text":"Jurisdiction,","start":7062.006,"end":7062.713},{"text":"and","start":7063.452,"end":7063.548},{"text":"it","start":7063.548,"end":7063.709},{"text":"covers","start":7063.709,"end":7064.239},{"text":"an","start":7064.512,"end":7064.593},{"text":"introduction","start":7064.593,"end":7065.203},{"text":"to","start":7065.3,"end":7065.396},{"text":"deep","start":7065.396,"end":7065.573},{"text":"sea","start":7065.573,"end":7065.798},{"text":"fisheries.","start":7065.798,"end":7066.296}]},{"text":"international obligations and responsibilities for the management of deep sea fisheries, regional approaches to fisheries management, the role of states in deep sea fisheries management in terms of national policy and legal considerations, and the role of states in deep sea fisheries management in terms of monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement.","start":7067.673,"end":7087.583,"topics":[{"key":"developing-state-capacity","label":"Capacity Building for Developing States","description":"Another recurring topic was the need for technical assistance, training, finance, and institutional support so developing states can participate effectively in RFMO science, compliance, and management processes. 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here I just provide some photos of this, this process of review and trialing and training of the Shark 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publication on the right that you see there is in production and it should be available in the coming months, 1 or 2 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key findings showed that deep sea fisheries value chains are global and complex.","start":7628.833,"end":7636.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7628.833,"end":7628.915},{"text":"key","start":7628.915,"end":7629.078},{"text":"findings","start":7629.143,"end":7629.745},{"text":"showed","start":7629.892,"end":7630.526},{"text":"that","start":7630.526,"end":7630.885},{"text":"deep","start":7632.008,"end":7632.171},{"text":"sea","start":7632.171,"end":7632.382},{"text":"fisheries","start":7632.346,"end":7632.892},{"text":"value","start":7633.791,"end":7634.128},{"text":"chains","start":7634.128,"end":7634.578},{"text":"are","start":7634.69,"end":7634.835},{"text":"global","start":7634.851,"end":7635.381},{"text":"and","start":7635.734,"end":7635.798},{"text":"complex.","start":7635.894,"end":7636.44}]},{"text":"There are small catches in comparison to other fisheries, but they have high economic 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report on this workshop will be available in the coming months.","start":7738.645,"end":7742.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7738.645,"end":7738.823},{"text":"report","start":7738.823,"end":7739.468},{"text":"on","start":7739.468,"end":7739.517},{"text":"this","start":7739.549,"end":7739.678},{"text":"workshop","start":7739.791,"end":7740.211},{"text":"will","start":7740.259,"end":7740.372},{"text":"be","start":7740.437,"end":7740.517},{"text":"available","start":7740.517,"end":7741.034},{"text":"in","start":7741.098,"end":7741.211},{"text":"the","start":7741.227,"end":7741.324},{"text":"coming","start":7741.324,"end":7741.615},{"text":"months.","start":7741.647,"end":7742.05}]},{"text":"In the meantime, I have provided here a QR code for a report that was carried out before the project started, which really looks at the key sectors that may have an interaction with deep sea 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I close by thanking our donor, the Global Environmental Facility, for their fantastic support contribution, financial contribution, to allow all of this work to have 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to this work is an honor for me.","start":8055.773,"end":8058.699,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Contributing","start":8055.773,"end":8056.435},{"text":"to","start":8056.435,"end":8056.516},{"text":"this","start":8056.516,"end":8056.678},{"text":"work","start":8056.888,"end":8057.147},{"text":"is","start":8057.325,"end":8057.519},{"text":"an","start":8057.858,"end":8058.182},{"text":"honor","start":8058.182,"end":8058.408},{"text":"for","start":8058.44,"end":8058.586},{"text":"me.","start":8058.586,"end":8058.699}]},{"text":"As global concerns over ocean health grow, bottom trawling has become the focus of scrutiny in numerous fora encompassing environmental, climate-related, socioeconomic, and food security concerns.","start":8059.426,"end":8072.44,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, 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These discussions focused on adapting gear design and fishing practices so that fisheries management can better reconcile environmental protection with continued fishing activity."},{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."},{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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subsidies that fuel overfishing and overcapacity, it aims to eliminate economic incentives for unsustainable 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the resumption of the agreement's negotiations, we must remain mindful of the sustainability challenges posed by each fishing modality and their environmental externalities.","start":8776.9,"end":8789.864,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":8776.9,"end":8777.141},{"text":"the","start":8777.141,"end":8777.381},{"text":"resumption","start":8777.606,"end":8778.312},{"text":"of","start":8778.569,"end":8778.777},{"text":"the","start":8778.809,"end":8778.938},{"text":"agreement's","start":8779.05,"end":8779.531},{"text":"negotiations,","start":8779.531,"end":8780.526},{"text":"we","start":8780.67,"end":8780.831},{"text":"must","start":8780.831,"end":8781.135},{"text":"remain","start":8781.135,"end":8781.44},{"text":"mindful","start":8781.472,"end":8782.066},{"text":"of","start":8782.435,"end":8782.563},{"text":"the","start":8782.676,"end":8782.756},{"text":"sustainability","start":8782.756,"end":8783.847},{"text":"challenges","start":8784.344,"end":8784.97},{"text":"posed","start":8785.082,"end":8785.451},{"text":"by","start":8785.563,"end":8785.868},{"text":"each","start":8785.9,"end":8786.061},{"text":"fishing","start":8786.125,"end":8786.462},{"text":"modality","start":8786.51,"end":8787.135},{"text":"and","start":8787.585,"end":8787.793},{"text":"their","start":8787.793,"end":8788.002},{"text":"environmental","start":8788.146,"end":8790.553},{"text":"externalities.","start":8788.772,"end":8789.864}]},{"text":"In light of these examples, I turn now to the multilateral climate agenda.","start":8790.458,"end":8794.568,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8790.458,"end":8790.538},{"text":"light","start":8790.538,"end":8790.795},{"text":"of","start":8790.795,"end":8790.875},{"text":"these","start":8790.875,"end":8791.1},{"text":"examples,","start":8791.1,"end":8791.71},{"text":"I","start":8791.887,"end":8791.967},{"text":"turn","start":8792.064,"end":8792.304},{"text":"now","start":8792.304,"end":8792.417},{"text":"to","start":8792.642,"end":8792.77},{"text":"the","start":8792.77,"end":8792.866},{"text":"multilateral","start":8792.866,"end":8793.637},{"text":"climate","start":8793.653,"end":8794.071},{"text":"agenda.","start":8794.071,"end":8794.568}]},{"text":"Dear delegates, under UNFCCC negotiations, the space afforded to aquatic food systems remains limited, but fisheries and aquaculture are featured in important implementation processes, including the Global Goal on Adaptation, the Sharm el-Sheikh Joint Work on Agriculture and Food Security, and the Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue.","start":8795.034,"end":8818.445,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"Dear","start":8795.034,"end":8795.227},{"text":"delegates,","start":8795.339,"end":8795.869},{"text":"under","start":8796.383,"end":8796.64},{"text":"UNFCCC","start":8797.362,"end":8798.261},{"text":"negotiations,","start":8798.342,"end":8799.177},{"text":"the","start":8799.755,"end":8799.835},{"text":"space","start":8799.835,"end":8800.301},{"text":"afforded","start":8800.67,"end":8801.344},{"text":"to","start":8801.457,"end":8801.537},{"text":"aquatic","start":8801.537,"end":8802.019},{"text":"food","start":8802.083,"end":8802.259},{"text":"systems","start":8802.259,"end":8802.709},{"text":"remains","start":8802.741,"end":8803.03},{"text":"limited,","start":8803.127,"end":8803.56},{"text":"but","start":8804.25,"end":8804.379},{"text":"fisheries","start":8804.588,"end":8805.053},{"text":"and","start":8805.069,"end":8805.294},{"text":"aquaculture","start":8805.39,"end":8806.161},{"text":"are","start":8806.193,"end":8806.29},{"text":"featured","start":8806.434,"end":8806.932},{"text":"in","start":8807.221,"end":8807.317},{"text":"important","start":8807.317,"end":8807.96},{"text":"implementation","start":8807.96,"end":8808.65},{"text":"processes,","start":8808.682,"end":8809.292},{"text":"including","start":8809.822,"end":8810.336},{"text":"the","start":8810.432,"end":8810.529},{"text":"Global","start":8810.529,"end":8810.898},{"text":"Goal","start":8810.914,"end":8811.075},{"text":"on","start":8811.075,"end":8811.347},{"text":"Adaptation,","start":8811.347,"end":8812.022},{"text":"the","start":8812.054,"end":8812.134},{"text":"Sharm","start":8812.134,"end":8812.391},{"text":"el-Sheikh","start":8812.391,"end":8813.001},{"text":"Joint","start":8813.001,"end":8813.274},{"text":"Work","start":8813.403,"end":8813.66},{"text":"on","start":8813.66,"end":8813.788},{"text":"Agriculture","start":8813.9,"end":8814.334},{"text":"and","start":8814.543,"end":8814.751},{"text":"Food","start":8814.784,"end":8814.944},{"text":"Security,","start":8814.944,"end":8815.586},{"text":"and","start":8816.148,"end":8816.309},{"text":"the","start":8816.309,"end":8816.453},{"text":"Ocean","start":8816.534,"end":8816.855},{"text":"and","start":8816.855,"end":8817.015},{"text":"Climate","start":8817.015,"end":8817.433},{"text":"Change","start":8817.577,"end":8817.963},{"text":"Dialogue.","start":8818.075,"end":8818.445}]},{"text":"The Green Climate Fund and other multilateral funds are investing increasingly in aquatic food production projects, recognizing that fisheries and aquaculture can be nature-based solutions to climate change.","start":8819.199,"end":8831.739,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8819.199,"end":8819.344},{"text":"Green","start":8819.344,"end":8819.649},{"text":"Climate","start":8819.761,"end":8820.163},{"text":"Fund","start":8820.163,"end":8820.564},{"text":"and","start":8820.564,"end":8820.692},{"text":"other","start":8820.869,"end":8821.11},{"text":"multilateral","start":8821.19,"end":8821.849},{"text":"funds","start":8821.849,"end":8822.218},{"text":"are","start":8822.475,"end":8822.555},{"text":"investing","start":8822.555,"end":8823.021},{"text":"increasingly","start":8823.021,"end":8823.743},{"text":"in","start":8823.775,"end":8823.872},{"text":"aquatic","start":8823.872,"end":8824.337},{"text":"food","start":8824.418,"end":8824.546},{"text":"production","start":8824.562,"end":8825.028},{"text":"projects,","start":8825.14,"end":8825.622},{"text":"recognizing","start":8826.168,"end":8826.794},{"text":"that","start":8826.89,"end":8827.131},{"text":"fisheries","start":8827.131,"end":8827.629},{"text":"and","start":8827.693,"end":8827.902},{"text":"aquaculture","start":8827.95,"end":8828.64},{"text":"can","start":8828.657,"end":8828.801},{"text":"be","start":8828.897,"end":8828.994},{"text":"nature-based","start":8828.994,"end":8829.732},{"text":"solutions","start":8829.732,"end":8830.294},{"text":"to","start":8830.68,"end":8830.824},{"text":"climate","start":8830.824,"end":8831.306},{"text":"change.","start":8831.306,"end":8831.739}]},{"text":"At COP30 held last November in Brazil, aquatic food took center stage in the climate action agenda for the first time.","start":8832.446,"end":8839.655,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8832.446,"end":8832.687},{"text":"COP30","start":8832.687,"end":8833.538},{"text":"held","start":8833.714,"end":8834.035},{"text":"last","start":8834.035,"end":8834.357},{"text":"November","start":8834.357,"end":8834.758},{"text":"in","start":8834.854,"end":8834.903},{"text":"Brazil,","start":8834.919,"end":8835.288},{"text":"aquatic","start":8835.802,"end":8836.139},{"text":"food","start":8836.139,"end":8836.316},{"text":"took","start":8836.396,"end":8836.621},{"text":"center","start":8836.621,"end":8836.942},{"text":"stage","start":8837.022,"end":8837.504},{"text":"in","start":8837.584,"end":8837.632},{"text":"the","start":8837.728,"end":8837.825},{"text":"climate","start":8837.825,"end":8838.29},{"text":"action","start":8838.307,"end":8838.612},{"text":"agenda","start":8838.612,"end":8838.949},{"text":"for","start":8838.949,"end":8839.029},{"text":"the","start":8839.045,"end":8839.174},{"text":"first","start":8839.174,"end":8839.447},{"text":"time.","start":8839.495,"end":8839.655}]},{"text":"The Action Agenda is the pillar of the Climate Convention that mobilizes civil society, private sector, and international partners committed to the goals of the Paris Agreement.","start":8840.474,"end":8850.349,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. Speakers also linked bottom fisheries governance to wider climate policy, adaptation, and ocean-climate debates."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8840.474,"end":8840.603},{"text":"Action","start":8840.635,"end":8840.876},{"text":"Agenda","start":8840.876,"end":8841.261},{"text":"is","start":8841.341,"end":8841.389},{"text":"the","start":8841.438,"end":8841.518},{"text":"pillar","start":8841.678,"end":8841.983},{"text":"of","start":8842.224,"end":8842.289},{"text":"the","start":8842.385,"end":8842.481},{"text":"Climate","start":8842.481,"end":8842.867},{"text":"Convention","start":8842.867,"end":8843.38},{"text":"that","start":8843.38,"end":8843.589},{"text":"mobilizes","start":8843.589,"end":8844.055},{"text":"civil","start":8844.103,"end":8844.392},{"text":"society,","start":8844.392,"end":8845.147},{"text":"private","start":8845.275,"end":8845.548},{"text":"sector,","start":8845.596,"end":8846.078},{"text":"and","start":8846.094,"end":8846.415},{"text":"international","start":8846.495,"end":8846.993},{"text":"partners","start":8846.993,"end":8847.475},{"text":"committed","start":8847.539,"end":8848.149},{"text":"to","start":8848.486,"end":8848.567},{"text":"the","start":8848.567,"end":8848.727},{"text":"goals","start":8848.727,"end":8849.032},{"text":"of","start":8849.145,"end":8849.273},{"text":"the","start":8849.305,"end":8849.386},{"text":"Paris","start":8849.466,"end":8849.948},{"text":"Agreement.","start":8849.948,"end":8850.349}]},{"text":"By positioning aquatic food and bio-input production as climate solutions, the Action Agenda acts as an accelerator for successful pilot projects within the fishing sector by facilitating economic exchange, connecting initiatives with capacity building and technology transfer resources, and providing roadmaps for scaling up innovative and successful initiatives.","start":8850.991,"end":8877.051,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. 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On we go, and I now wish to give the floor to our 3rd panellist.","start":8993.89,"end":8999.412,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":8993.89,"end":8993.987},{"text":"On","start":8994.582,"end":8994.63},{"text":"we","start":8994.727,"end":8994.823},{"text":"go,","start":8994.823,"end":8995.065},{"text":"and","start":8995.371,"end":8995.451},{"text":"I","start":8995.773,"end":8995.789},{"text":"now","start":8995.789,"end":8995.966},{"text":"wish","start":8996.031,"end":8996.16},{"text":"to","start":8996.353,"end":8996.594},{"text":"give","start":8996.916,"end":8997.142},{"text":"the","start":8997.142,"end":8997.399},{"text":"floor","start":8997.464,"end":8997.673},{"text":"to","start":8997.802,"end":8997.947},{"text":"our","start":8997.947,"end":8998.188},{"text":"3rd","start":8998.188,"end":8998.462},{"text":"panellist.","start":8998.913,"end":8999.412}]},{"text":"Ms. Borman-Golder, you have the 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kia ora katoa, thank you very much.","start":9017.84,"end":9019.988,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"But","start":9017.84,"end":9017.953},{"text":"kia","start":9018.082,"end":9018.228},{"text":"ora","start":9018.228,"end":9018.47},{"text":"katoa,","start":9018.47,"end":9019.035},{"text":"thank","start":9019.051,"end":9019.439},{"text":"you","start":9019.439,"end":9019.536},{"text":"very","start":9019.6,"end":9019.73},{"text":"much.","start":9019.778,"end":9019.988}]},{"text":"Thank you, the moderator and DOALIS, for inviting me to speak 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sitting here today because when submitting the panelist nominations to DOALIS, the Deep Sea Conservation Coalition suggested the addition perhaps of an indigenous panel for this 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UNGA Sustainable Fisheries Resolution text on bottom fisheries and related RFMO measures are noticeably absent references to the traditional knowledge and interests of Indigenous and coastal peoples, the reality is that in multiple states that are members of both, the recognition and application of Indigenous knowledge along— sorry, of Indigenous knowledge alongside modern science is today the norm.","start":9097.537,"end":9126.064,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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unrelated, yesterday afternoon the representatives from the Philippines referenced the rights and interests of local and coastal communities in decision-making around high seas protection and sustainable 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the connectivity of species, processes, and impacts between the high seas and coastal waters as a critical 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is little doubt that the contemporary pressures on today's ocean's resources— overfishing, destructive fishing, pollution, climate change— have made that connectivity of rights and interests of indigenous and local communities much more relevant to the conversations in this room than they perhaps were 20 years ago.","start":9209.709,"end":9229.479,"topics":[{"key":"climate-impacts","label":"Climate Change and Carbon Impacts","description":"The workshop addressed how bottom fishing interacts with climate change, including cumulative ecosystem stress, carbon disturbance on the seabed, fuel use, and broader decarbonization of fishing fleets. 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a non-Indigenous ocean advocate, from Aotearoa New Zealand, I am very aware that one of the central references— reference points for any and all ocean discussion in my home country is mātauranga Māori, the comprehensive knowledge system, cultural practices, and worldviews of the Māori people of Aotearoa, inclusive of traditional environmental science, traditional navigation knowledge, and te reo, the language It is a way of seeing the ocean and its value that today sits alongside the exploration, discovery, analysis, conclusions, and peer reviews exemplified by the best available science that Dr. Barco Taylor shared with us yesterday.","start":9250.448,"end":9296.327,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. 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let's look at that other view.","start":9637.981,"end":9640.051,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"So","start":9637.981,"end":9638.189},{"text":"let's","start":9638.189,"end":9638.558},{"text":"look","start":9638.591,"end":9638.863},{"text":"at","start":9639.088,"end":9639.217},{"text":"that","start":9639.233,"end":9639.49},{"text":"other","start":9639.554,"end":9639.73},{"text":"view.","start":9639.73,"end":9640.051}]},{"text":"For the Kanak people of New Caledonia, seamounts are the resting place of their elders.","start":9640.918,"end":9646.199,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9640.918,"end":9641.014},{"text":"the","start":9641.014,"end":9641.159},{"text":"Kanak","start":9641.159,"end":9641.897},{"text":"people","start":9642.058,"end":9642.379},{"text":"of","start":9642.379,"end":9642.507},{"text":"New","start":9642.539,"end":9642.7},{"text":"Caledonia,","start":9642.7,"end":9643.422},{"text":"seamounts","start":9643.438,"end":9644.225},{"text":"are","start":9644.225,"end":9644.257},{"text":"the","start":9644.257,"end":9644.369},{"text":"resting","start":9644.369,"end":9644.755},{"text":"place","start":9644.867,"end":9645.14},{"text":"of","start":9645.493,"end":9645.654},{"text":"their","start":9645.654,"end":9645.894},{"text":"elders.","start":9645.894,"end":9646.199}]},{"text":"For New Zealand Māori, they represent beacons to guide departing spirits home to Hawaiki.","start":9647.114,"end":9651.979,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9647.114,"end":9647.243},{"text":"New","start":9647.259,"end":9647.355},{"text":"Zealand","start":9647.371,"end":9647.74},{"text":"Māori,","start":9647.74,"end":9648.045},{"text":"they","start":9648.077,"end":9648.158},{"text":"represent","start":9648.238,"end":9648.736},{"text":"beacons","start":9648.8,"end":9649.169},{"text":"to","start":9649.281,"end":9649.506},{"text":"guide","start":9649.426,"end":9649.683},{"text":"departing","start":9649.683,"end":9650.132},{"text":"spirits","start":9650.181,"end":9650.742},{"text":"home","start":9650.742,"end":9651.064},{"text":"to","start":9651.208,"end":9651.337},{"text":"Hawaiki.","start":9651.369,"end":9651.979}]},{"text":"For the peoples of Pacific— of many Pacific Islands, they carry cultural history and memory.","start":9652.798,"end":9658.321,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9652.798,"end":9652.878},{"text":"the","start":9652.878,"end":9652.974},{"text":"peoples","start":9652.974,"end":9653.344},{"text":"of","start":9653.376,"end":9653.472},{"text":"Pacific—","start":9653.536,"end":9654.018},{"text":"of","start":9654.082,"end":9654.227},{"text":"many","start":9654.243,"end":9654.468},{"text":"Pacific","start":9654.5,"end":9655.046},{"text":"Islands,","start":9655.046,"end":9655.511},{"text":"they","start":9655.543,"end":9655.704},{"text":"carry","start":9655.704,"end":9656.073},{"text":"cultural","start":9656.105,"end":9656.603},{"text":"history","start":9656.651,"end":9657.117},{"text":"and","start":9657.631,"end":9657.775},{"text":"memory.","start":9657.856,"end":9658.321}]},{"text":"Indigenous Australians, Māori, and Pacific peoples hold close the intergenerational responsibility that they have to look after the ocean, Tangaroa for Māori, Sea Country for Indigenous Australians, for past and future generations.","start":9659.301,"end":9674.715,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":9659.301,"end":9659.831},{"text":"Australians,","start":9659.959,"end":9660.81},{"text":"Māori,","start":9660.906,"end":9661.227},{"text":"and","start":9661.244,"end":9661.324},{"text":"Pacific","start":9661.324,"end":9661.789},{"text":"peoples","start":9661.805,"end":9662.175},{"text":"hold","start":9662.271,"end":9662.528},{"text":"close","start":9662.592,"end":9662.897},{"text":"the","start":9663.17,"end":9663.331},{"text":"intergenerational","start":9663.331,"end":9664.375},{"text":"responsibility","start":9664.375,"end":9665.386},{"text":"that","start":9665.418,"end":9665.547},{"text":"they","start":9665.659,"end":9665.82},{"text":"have","start":9665.82,"end":9666.109},{"text":"to","start":9666.526,"end":9666.639},{"text":"look","start":9666.687,"end":9666.799},{"text":"after","start":9666.928,"end":9667.265},{"text":"the","start":9667.329,"end":9667.49},{"text":"ocean,","start":9667.57,"end":9667.795},{"text":"Tangaroa","start":9668.389,"end":9668.886},{"text":"for","start":9668.886,"end":9669.127},{"text":"Māori,","start":9669.127,"end":9669.481},{"text":"Sea","start":9669.529,"end":9669.914},{"text":"Country","start":9669.978,"end":9670.444},{"text":"for","start":9670.54,"end":9670.637},{"text":"Indigenous","start":9670.637,"end":9671.166},{"text":"Australians,","start":9671.279,"end":9671.889},{"text":"for","start":9672.467,"end":9672.547},{"text":"past","start":9672.644,"end":9673.366},{"text":"and","start":9673.43,"end":9673.607},{"text":"future","start":9673.607,"end":9674.025},{"text":"generations.","start":9674.153,"end":9674.715}]},{"text":"For many Indigenous peoples, seamounts are not simply features or good places to fish.","start":9675.84,"end":9681.238,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9675.84,"end":9675.936},{"text":"many","start":9675.936,"end":9676.225},{"text":"Indigenous","start":9676.273,"end":9676.787},{"text":"peoples,","start":9676.9,"end":9677.269},{"text":"seamounts","start":9677.302,"end":9677.864},{"text":"are","start":9677.864,"end":9677.992},{"text":"not","start":9678.008,"end":9678.073},{"text":"simply","start":9678.185,"end":9678.715},{"text":"features","start":9678.812,"end":9679.535},{"text":"or","start":9679.535,"end":9679.679},{"text":"good","start":9679.695,"end":9679.808},{"text":"places","start":9679.872,"end":9680.483},{"text":"to","start":9680.595,"end":9680.708},{"text":"fish.","start":9680.74,"end":9681.238}]},{"text":"They are tied to creation stories, spirits, and taonga, treasured species.","start":9681.945,"end":9686.829,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"They","start":9681.945,"end":9682.057},{"text":"are","start":9682.057,"end":9682.202},{"text":"tied","start":9682.202,"end":9682.603},{"text":"to","start":9682.603,"end":9682.684},{"text":"creation","start":9682.684,"end":9683.278},{"text":"stories,","start":9683.326,"end":9683.857},{"text":"spirits,","start":9683.969,"end":9684.692},{"text":"and","start":9684.756,"end":9684.917},{"text":"taonga,","start":9684.917,"end":9685.576},{"text":"treasured","start":9685.72,"end":9686.154},{"text":"species.","start":9686.202,"end":9686.829}]},{"text":"Indigenous perspectives view the deep sea and seamounts not as empty, exploitable voids, but as sacred, interconnected realms and ancestral homes.","start":9687.584,"end":9698.236,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":9687.584,"end":9688.211},{"text":"perspectives","start":9688.211,"end":9688.917},{"text":"view","start":9689.014,"end":9689.239},{"text":"the","start":9689.271,"end":9689.351},{"text":"deep","start":9689.351,"end":9689.608},{"text":"sea","start":9689.608,"end":9689.994},{"text":"and","start":9689.994,"end":9690.074},{"text":"seamounts","start":9690.09,"end":9690.653},{"text":"not","start":9690.733,"end":9690.942},{"text":"as","start":9690.942,"end":9691.022},{"text":"empty,","start":9691.279,"end":9691.681},{"text":"exploitable","start":9692.018,"end":9692.87},{"text":"voids,","start":9692.87,"end":9693.336},{"text":"but","start":9693.85,"end":9693.962},{"text":"as","start":9694.01,"end":9694.059},{"text":"sacred,","start":9694.107,"end":9694.782},{"text":"interconnected","start":9695.135,"end":9696.003},{"text":"realms","start":9696.003,"end":9696.469},{"text":"and","start":9696.742,"end":9696.806},{"text":"ancestral","start":9696.967,"end":9697.77},{"text":"homes.","start":9697.77,"end":9698.236}]},{"text":"Bottom trawling, when viewed through their cultural lens is an act of ecological destruction that violates cultural responsibilities of stewardship and threatens regional food security.","start":9699.393,"end":9712.287,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Bottom","start":9699.393,"end":9699.682},{"text":"trawling,","start":9699.714,"end":9700.084},{"text":"when","start":9700.116,"end":9700.26},{"text":"viewed","start":9700.276,"end":9700.662},{"text":"through","start":9700.662,"end":9700.887},{"text":"their","start":9700.919,"end":9701.112},{"text":"cultural","start":9701.16,"end":9703.425},{"text":"lens","start":9701.642,"end":9702.011},{"text":"is","start":9702.204,"end":9702.3},{"text":"an","start":9702.3,"end":9702.413},{"text":"act","start":9702.445,"end":9702.766},{"text":"of","start":9702.766,"end":9702.894},{"text":"ecological","start":9702.991,"end":9703.665},{"text":"destruction","start":9703.729,"end":9704.339},{"text":"that","start":9705.158,"end":9705.431},{"text":"violates","start":9706.218,"end":9706.812},{"text":"cultural","start":9706.925,"end":9707.374},{"text":"responsibilities","start":9707.422,"end":9708.434},{"text":"of","start":9708.482,"end":9708.594},{"text":"stewardship","start":9708.61,"end":9709.445},{"text":"and","start":9709.815,"end":9709.879},{"text":"threatens","start":9709.975,"end":9710.521},{"text":"regional","start":9710.939,"end":9711.356},{"text":"food","start":9711.356,"end":9711.677},{"text":"security.","start":9711.677,"end":9712.287}]},{"text":"Yesterday we heard from our scientists compelling evidence of the presence of vulnerable marine ecosystems on all seamounts ever studied, and more soberingly, the inevitability of the significant adverse impacts bottom trawling will have on those seamount ecosystems.","start":9713.749,"end":9730.133,"topics":[{"key":"science-based-management","label":"Science-Based Fisheries Management","description":"A major theme was the use of the best available scientific information to guide bottom fishery impact assessments, stock assessments, and habitat protection decisions. Several speakers also debated what counts as best available science, including the role of peer review, independent research, and updating measures as new evidence emerges."},{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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This included discussion of precautionary thresholds, iterative reviews, and management systems that evolve over time rather than relying on one-off decisions."}],"words":[{"text":"Indigenous","start":9864.169,"end":9864.731},{"text":"perspectives","start":9864.731,"end":9865.325},{"text":"are","start":9865.325,"end":9865.47},{"text":"integrated","start":9865.47,"end":9866.192},{"text":"into","start":9866.192,"end":9866.401},{"text":"the","start":9866.417,"end":9866.514},{"text":"precautionary","start":9866.514,"end":9867.204},{"text":"approach","start":9867.316,"end":9867.846},{"text":"to","start":9868.36,"end":9868.456},{"text":"fisheries","start":9868.505,"end":9868.97},{"text":"and","start":9869.227,"end":9869.404},{"text":"ecosystem","start":9869.404,"end":9870.014},{"text":"management.","start":9870.046,"end":9870.608}]},{"text":"And Indigenous peoples' organisations, most notably the Inuit Circumpolar Council, actively participate in decision-making and negotiations.","start":9871.074,"end":9880.772,"topics":[{"key":"rfmo-state-implementation","label":"State and RFMO Implementation Roles","description":"Many interventions focused on how states implement UN General Assembly commitments through regional fisheries management organizations, domestic law, and flag-state responsibilities. 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wrote it not just as the ex-president but as a now traditional leader in Palau.","start":9903.413,"end":9907.625,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"He","start":9903.413,"end":9903.526},{"text":"wrote","start":9903.574,"end":9903.832},{"text":"it","start":9903.832,"end":9903.978},{"text":"not","start":9903.978,"end":9904.155},{"text":"just","start":9904.204,"end":9904.542},{"text":"as","start":9904.542,"end":9904.591},{"text":"the","start":9904.704,"end":9904.865},{"text":"ex-president","start":9904.865,"end":9905.721},{"text":"but","start":9905.753,"end":9905.898},{"text":"as","start":9905.898,"end":9905.963},{"text":"a","start":9905.995,"end":9906.011},{"text":"now","start":9906.011,"end":9906.318},{"text":"traditional","start":9906.318,"end":9906.883},{"text":"leader","start":9906.883,"end":9907.189},{"text":"in","start":9907.206,"end":9907.254},{"text":"Palau.","start":9907.367,"end":9907.625}]},{"text":"He says, to us, the deep ocean is a place of belonging and 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our cultural landscape and collective memory.","start":9923.047,"end":9926.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":9923.047,"end":9923.176},{"text":"is","start":9923.176,"end":9923.241},{"text":"part","start":9923.338,"end":9923.757},{"text":"of","start":9923.757,"end":9923.902},{"text":"our","start":9923.902,"end":9924.08},{"text":"cultural","start":9924.08,"end":9924.548},{"text":"landscape","start":9924.628,"end":9925.306},{"text":"and","start":9925.532,"end":9925.596},{"text":"collective","start":9925.693,"end":9926.306},{"text":"memory.","start":9926.322,"end":9926.71}]},{"text":"When we speak about protecting the deep ocean, we are not only speaking about biodiversity, we are speaking about protecting somewhere that has shaped our understanding of who we 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can build bridges between Indigenous knowledge systems and fisheries science.","start":10002.961,"end":10007.612,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10002.961,"end":10003.122},{"text":"can","start":10003.122,"end":10003.266},{"text":"build","start":10003.282,"end":10003.523},{"text":"bridges","start":10003.603,"end":10004.052},{"text":"between","start":10004.228,"end":10004.597},{"text":"Indigenous","start":10004.805,"end":10005.255},{"text":"knowledge","start":10005.367,"end":10005.736},{"text":"systems","start":10005.752,"end":10006.217},{"text":"and","start":10006.265,"end":10006.409},{"text":"fisheries","start":10006.409,"end":10006.858},{"text":"science.","start":10006.971,"end":10007.612}]},{"text":"We can pair knowledge in service of collaborative fisheries 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this workshop in this year of review reflects on its 20-year history and considers the relationship of UNGA bottom fisheries resolutions with the next generation of BB&J-led ocean governance that lies 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DSSC urges states to seek out and integrate indigenous knowledge and cultural values into the wording and ambition of the 2020 26 resolution language, and with that language to better integrate traditional knowledge and values into the protection of seamounts and other VMEs.","start":10080.526,"end":10097.942,"topics":[{"key":"vme-protection","label":"Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","description":"Speakers repeatedly discussed measures to identify, close, and protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing, especially on seamounts and other sensitive deep-sea habitats. 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you for your attention.","start":10388.43,"end":10388.977,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10388.43,"end":10388.612},{"text":"you","start":10388.612,"end":10388.679},{"text":"for","start":10388.679,"end":10388.761},{"text":"your","start":10388.761,"end":10388.861},{"text":"attention.","start":10388.861,"end":10388.977}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"RUS","affiliation_full":"Russian Federation","group":null,"function":"Representative"}},{"statement_number":81,"start":10392.55,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=10393","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you very much for those remarks, and I appreciate the attempt to be 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closing.","start":10398.189,"end":10402.554,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10398.189,"end":10398.302},{"text":"also","start":10398.912,"end":10399.105},{"text":"have","start":10399.169,"end":10399.378},{"text":"the","start":10399.491,"end":10399.571},{"text":"Philippines","start":10399.571,"end":10400.101},{"text":"on","start":10400.214,"end":10400.342},{"text":"my","start":10400.375,"end":10400.519},{"text":"list","start":10400.519,"end":10400.712},{"text":"of","start":10400.712,"end":10400.76},{"text":"speakers,","start":10400.776,"end":10401.226},{"text":"which","start":10401.66,"end":10401.772},{"text":"I","start":10401.965,"end":10402.134},{"text":"am","start":10402.134,"end":10402.239},{"text":"now","start":10402.239,"end":10402.344},{"text":"closing.","start":10402.344,"end":10402.554}]},{"text":"closing.","start":10404.34,"end":10404.582,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"closing.","start":10404.34,"end":10404.582}]},{"text":"You will need to speak in 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fine.","start":10408.163,"end":10411.196,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10408.163,"end":10408.212},{"text":"presume","start":10408.308,"end":10408.679},{"text":"you","start":10408.712,"end":10408.808},{"text":"were","start":10408.808,"end":10408.841},{"text":"going","start":10408.954,"end":10409.099},{"text":"to","start":10409.212,"end":10409.341},{"text":"anyway,","start":10409.438,"end":10409.873},{"text":"so","start":10410.018,"end":10410.18},{"text":"that's","start":10410.18,"end":10410.712},{"text":"fine.","start":10410.809,"end":10411.196}]},{"text":"And I would then thank our interpreters that will be leaving shortly.","start":10411.535,"end":10417.083,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10411.535,"end":10411.68},{"text":"I","start":10412.519,"end":10412.664},{"text":"would","start":10412.68,"end":10412.809},{"text":"then","start":10412.81,"end":10412.972},{"text":"thank","start":10413.638,"end":10414.142},{"text":"our","start":10414.207,"end":10414.353},{"text":"interpreters","start":10414.386,"end":10415.166},{"text":"that","start":10415.995,"end":10416.06},{"text":"will","start":10416.092,"end":10416.255},{"text":"be","start":10416.255,"end":10416.401},{"text":"leaving","start":10416.401,"end":10416.677},{"text":"shortly.","start":10416.677,"end":10417.083}]},{"text":"Philippines, you have the floor.","start":10419.34,"end":10420.308,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Philippines,","start":10419.34,"end":10419.757},{"text":"you","start":10419.791,"end":10419.874},{"text":"have","start":10419.874,"end":10419.974},{"text":"the","start":10420.024,"end":10420.075},{"text":"floor.","start":10420.108,"end":10420.308}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":10425.29,"end":10426.934,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10425.29,"end":10426.013},{"text":"you.","start":10426.293,"end":10426.934}]}]}],"speaker":{"name":null,"affiliation":"ISL","affiliation_full":"Iceland","group":null,"function":"Moderator"}},{"statement_number":82,"start":10430.331,"pageUrl":"/zh/asset/k1z/k1z3glxdk0?lang=en&t=10431","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you. Thank you, Madam Moderator.","start":10430.331,"end":10433.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":10430.331,"end":10430.558},{"text":"you.","start":10430.574,"end":10430.671},{"text":"Thank","start":10432.258,"end":10432.436},{"text":"you,","start":10432.436,"end":10432.533},{"text":"Madam","start":10432.549,"end":10433.019},{"text":"Moderator.","start":10433.408,"end":10433.91}]},{"text":"We would like to provide a comment to the presentation of the FAO.","start":10435.16,"end":10438.921,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10435.16,"end":10435.192},{"text":"would","start":10435.192,"end":10435.352},{"text":"like","start":10435.352,"end":10435.658},{"text":"to","start":10435.658,"end":10435.754},{"text":"provide","start":10435.819,"end":10436.301},{"text":"a","start":10436.301,"end":10436.317},{"text":"comment","start":10436.478,"end":10436.799},{"text":"to","start":10436.799,"end":10437.105},{"text":"the","start":10437.281,"end":10437.378},{"text":"presentation","start":10437.667,"end":10438.342},{"text":"of","start":10438.407,"end":10438.535},{"text":"the","start":10438.632,"end":10438.808},{"text":"FAO.","start":10438.808,"end":10438.921}]},{"text":"Especially, we note and underscore on the point that the crew on board fishing vessels engaged in bottom fisheries are often from developing states like the Philippines.","start":10439.05,"end":10451.167,"topics":[{"key":"developing-state-capacity","label":"Capacity Building for Developing States","description":"Another recurring topic was the need for technical assistance, training, finance, and institutional support so developing states can participate effectively in RFMO science, compliance, and management processes. 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this This panel is entitled Opportunities and Challenges, and I'm looking very much forward to 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